
(Keen the/Business  
uh Coupen page 13)

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An Independent _ .
Farm Magazine Owned and
Edited in Michigan

SAFIERDAY, FEBRUARY 3,

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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A M odern Tale of the-\Golden Fleece !

(Only Six, States Lead Michigan in Number of Pure Bred Sheep)
i

 

 

 

\Relq'di‘in this issue riday Begins: Milk Quiz in Detroit Area—Pruning Fruit Trees

 


   

  

 

 

Michigan 1“me
Brands include the Best
varieties of alfalfa, clo-
ver, seed grains and
other field andgrass
seeds. Their Vitality,
Description and Purity
are guaranteed to be as
represented to the full -'
ammt of the Purchase

' Price. 7

Genuine Grimm AIFaIFa Seed

' Farm Bureau Brand Grimm, Scariﬁed and Recleaned, requires
less seed per acre. For purity of strain, germination, hardiness,
tonnage, high feeding value and soil improvement it is the best.

Seed of unknown adaptation often fails.” Can you afford to take
the chances with your investment in seed, labor, and land? Farm
Bureau Grimm is certiﬁed in the ﬁelds and after threshing and

is adapted to this climate.

Grimm Seed costs mOre per pound than Common.- It’s worth
the price if you get Genuine Grimm. Buy Farm Bureau Brand

and [mow it’s right.

Buy Grimm Alfalfa and all your other seeds from your local
CO-OPERATIVE ASSOCIATION demanding that every bag
be Farm Bureau Brand, tagged with our analysis and guarantee,
which covers the full amount of the purchase price.

If you can’t get this service locally, write to the

‘ Seea/ Deparfmenf
MICHIGAN STATE FARM BUREAU

 
       
   

    

- l
SUMWZ
‘ FARM 4 a
< ill'lIlAU
‘ MAM) '

‘3 If E 05 '

LANSING . MICHIGAN

 

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' tion

 

have m
worth we will gladly return your money. Dont

15 Inch 8 Eyelet Iii-Cut Arctic
 v   $2.75 

Al rubber eight-eyelet heed
over-shoe 15 inches high wool
lmed; laces like a shop. it will
pay you tn make this asva
on :1 pair of, overshoes which
w_ ordinarily consix dollars.
Sizes 7 to 11. Special $2.75
plus postage-

 
   
   
 
 
   
 

4 E ALL annex-1R ARCTICS
$2.29 $33....

I The lowest price on over-shoe
,,_ of this us“ in America.
' Men’s four-bu c

all rubber
erotics, heavy friction cloth

11 store. Sizes 5 to
13.“. Only $2.29 plus
9.

U. s. AivAGE

 

SEND NO MONEY  a: PAY 0N ARRIVAL

delay Order now before article you want is sold out.

Bargains

'Hcavy 2' Buck! c
Cloth Top A’rctics '

$2.39 $1.22...

  
  
  
   
 

Two-buckle hes arctic-

msde from -

rubber bottoms With l‘lk
e snow—

special price at
$.39. plus postage.

Genuine seems .
\ socxs 

3 pairs for $1.00 Plus
Dozen pairs $3.76 M20

not.th that can beat them for
Osnd wear combined.
They are of s m eavy
weight and are easily worth 81
per pair. Special price 3

or only :1.

Dosenpsirs. .75.
C Wabash St., Enema 10th
0

ST. PAUL, MINN.

 

 

 

E BUSINESS FARMERS EXGHAIGEE
Ed! Under this Head 100 per Word. pee Issue;a
umnmmumunmmmmwmmmmmmﬁ

GENERAL

[ET us Til, YOUR HIDE—00W

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Horse hides for fur coats and Robes. Cow and Q
Steer hides to

Hanna or 8019 Leather. on-

We repair and remodel worn
fur estims furnished. THE CROSBY FRIS-
" .uN'r'un 00.. Rochester. N. r.

m ssLE—ctevzt‘sno .Tnseron wmi“
' Disk snwbwsﬁ hamin fair some (man-is 111:
' n ex use or o

gfdngi'iios‘imln. Shelby. Mica. R. 1. > -
'77, - l
‘ cost—non .1st noun spun:
REE today.'PEOPLES GOAL 0 .. 1120
.. 35th St; Dept. 71r0hsess0,m

  
 

 

farm work. near
' enoed 

SALESMEN, GREAT OPPORTUNITY FOR

ers to make his _money selling olb and
muses on liberal communion and bonus. Unhm-
ited prospects lg; men giro . .0
company. pmdnc noes
STAN desl. Write tech: to Egg. A-22 IPANU—
! CTURERS OIL a GR 1r COMPANY,
Cleveland, Ohio.

“hwﬂE‘ Pug $200 upon-run SOALAEY, runn-

' expem  0m “teed

Emltry the stock powders. BIGLER casual.
use. Springﬁeld. 11. .

 

 

l
AGENTS—SELL WOLVEIIKB LAUNDRY
Emm- Ammsﬁi‘ as” “was... rat-sec
u 0 e 0 81's.
00.. Bent. E3. Grand Rapids. Mich.

MAN AND WIFE. WIRHOUT "Thrill FOR
omen us e s ri~
3. core niobium~ 13$.-

 

BOX

 

 

 

 
  

 

 

weather, and are. t

 

 

1922 CROP OUTPUT IN MCHIGAN

SHOWS INCREASE '

HE crap output for the farms of‘
Michigan ,in 1022 __aggregated

$215,000,000, an increase of 17 .
percent over 1921 when the val-nag:
dropped to 184,004,000. The
complete annual report of the Michi-
gan. Cooperative Crop RepOrting
Service is now in the hands of the
printer and will be ready for mailing
within ‘a short time, according to
Verne H. Church, Agricultural Stat—
istician. The report further states
that each of the grain crops, together
with beans, clover‘seed and sugar
boots were bringing better prices on
December 1,4922 than on the cor-
responding date of the previous year,
and that a large monetary return
per acre was derived irom all crops
except wheat, buckwheat, potatoes
and wild hay. The fruit crops, peta-

toes and hay were less in price than "

oné year ago.

It is asserted that the figures in-
dicate that the low point has been
passed and farm ﬁnancialconditions
are beginning to improve with favor—
able prospects for the future. Michi-
gan’s important position as a dairy
state and the diversiﬁed nature of
her crops haVe lessened the severity
of the depression and are aiding in
the recovery from it, in comparison
with other states that suffered the
greater distress caused by inﬂated
land values.

The combined yields of all crops
in the State were 7.4 ﬁll‘ cent better
than the average of recent past years.
This is an exceptional showing as
only four other important crop states
made as good a record. While the/

State generally leads in the yields

of one or more crops, it is unusual
to attain this high average for all
crops.

The best crop of the year was hay,
although corn, potatoes, clover seed
and most of the fruits yielded above
the average. The poorest crops were
winter wheat and rye although these

"were fair in both yield and quality

for the State as a whole. All main
crops were larger in volume than
last year except corn, rye and sugar
beets, and all had a greater total
value except potatoes, sugar beets

’ and clover seed.

FARM BUREAU REPORTS SUR-
PLUS OF $200,000

ROM 3 $15,000 deﬁcit to a net

worth of more than $200,000 in

two years’ time is the record of

the Michigan State Farm Bureau, ac-

cording to. a report from Lansing,

and if unpaid memberships were in-

cluded, the net worth of the bureau
would be_$642,000.

The annual, report of the Farm
bureau is no being prepared for
the annual meetingat the Michigan
agricultural college during Farmers'
week and the above ﬁgures will. ap-
pear in it. .

This report will also show that
the Michigan State Elevator ex-
change has made up its deﬁcit of.
$117000 shown on the books 18
months ago and has accumulated a
surplus of $30,000 besides.

Every department of the bureau,
except the Detroit Produce exchange
organized last spring, now is on a.
paying basis and the outlook for the

organization is said tohave never

looked better.

While the membership is not as
large as two years ago, the bureau
from a ﬁnancial standpoint is in a
much stronger position.

 

llIICHIGAN CONDITIONS IMPROVE

EMPERATURES have averaged
T above normal over the entire
area, with percipltations slight,

as a rule. ' p r ‘ ..
Wheat and rye continue in good
condition. Alternative thawing and
freezing has caused “slight damage
and chinch bugs are reported in
some localities. ;
The car shortage is interfering

‘ with the free movement of corn to
some extent, but the demand is good’ ‘

on account or the heavy feeding op-

erations. - .

: "Pastures and meadows were bene- ,
flied by light vvralns, snﬁw, and“ mild

 
  

    

uteri. teed ?

mend and prices generally i’are'sat— ., 0‘ ,‘

  

hing some} .

  

lsfactory. - Farmers "are feeding their

surplus potatoes to dairy “cattle with,

/ r ,

good reenlts. ' ‘ .

Livestock is in good condition gen-7”.  3
except for a few scattered
g cases of hog cholera.

orally,

 

INTERNATIONAL EGG LAYING
.CONTESTA’TM.A.C.‘.
E production at the contest for
the ’week ending January 23,
shows another big increase.
Evergreen Poultry Farm continues
with their excellent work when they
established a new record for weekly
production‘with a weeks total of 62
eggs and a total to date of 488..
The Barred Rock section show-4..

per Cent increase. Kent's pen, front

New Yorkieontinues to lead this sec,-
tion with a production of 439 e ' s.

Dennison’s pen with 419 eggs retain '

their position in secOnd place.
Brummer’s Poultry Farm with a pro-
duction for the week of 41 eggs get
into third place and Christophel
drops to fourth place with 37 eggs
for the week and 409 eggs to date.

The Wyandotte section remains the\
same for weekly production, show-
ing a‘very slight increase. The pen
from Evergreen Poultry Farm grad-
ually increase their lead. Sink’s
pen from Farmington remains in sec-
ond place with 395 eggs. Caterola
farm is third with 371 eggs and
Keister’s pen from Bangor, retains.
fourth place with a production of
318 eggs.

Smith’s pen of Buff Wyandottes
are showing excellent production
ﬁnishing with 45 eggs for the week
and 313 to date. Decker’s Wyan-
dottes which were late arrivals are
getting in their stride.

Van Raalte again leads the An-
cona section with 10 birds in action.
DeGroot and Manning are again in
second and third place respectively.

In the Rhode Island Red section
the same three places reciev‘e men-
tion. Mrs. Travis is standing ﬁrst,
Dunning’ second and the College
Reds third. Mrs. Goss’ pan from
South Haven threatened to be a ser-
ious opponent when their produc-
tion for the week increased toz50
eggs ‘ .

In the White Leghornclass we ﬁnd
Shaw’s pen from South Haven once

.more in the lead with a weekly pro-

duction of 45 eggs and a total to
date of 447.‘ Hanson drops to sec-
ond place only three eggs behind
Shaw’s pen.

 

GIRL BEST FARM ACCOUNTANT
IN WEXFORD COUNTY SCHOOLS
‘ COMMITTEE composed of T. T.
Ridden, Farm
Demonstrator, M. A. 0., Roy
Noteware, Commissioner of Schools
and Fay Horton, Banker of Manton,
January 22nd, examined the books
and stories of the Farm Accountants
in the Consolidated Schools of Wax-
ford County awarding the prize to
Dorothy M. Smith of Manton, who
kept the acor‘“"*s on the farm of
Edgar Derb‘ychire. ‘
This closes me ﬁrst year’s work
in the consolidated schools of Wax-
ford County 011 the projectlof farm

accounting, the students keeping the ‘

actual accounts on the farms upon
which they live. -

0f the forty-eight starting last
twelve graduated or left 

January,
school; ﬁve moved from the County;
two died and twelve quit 'the work
and eighteen ﬁnished the books in
one or more departments. This is
above the percentage in the United
States by several -per cent. ‘

The winning of this honor entitles I

Miss Smith to a trip to Farmers
Week which, is tarnished by the
Cadillac State Bank and the -Peoples
Saving Bank of Cadillac, the Manton
State Bank of Manton, and the Farm-
ers State Bank of M’esick. . "

The competition was keen between

individuals from all the schqpls and , 1
it ' gave the committee; Considerable 
work to properlyuawardythe‘. honors.” i 
Arnong the "higher standing ‘gfznptests ,

antsstoodDorothi M Emit blitzing

ton: . mm a

Management '

 
  
    
 
  

     
    
         
     
   
     
      
    
   
    
 
  

 

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_,41

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,4

 m was.
1 ' * x ' Long Demanded by Producers—Many Want Milk Investigation Made State-wide.

 the milk producers have

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x.“ no. Lia.

'4  ‘ van
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‘Being absolutely independent
our columns are open (Stir the

on of an: subj pa» ‘
taking to the farming b . ,

 

 

 

“The Only Farm Magazine Owned and Edited in ml"

 

Published lit-Weekly V
' Mt.   ‘

In“

IIPEBYEAB

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Entered an second-clans mat-

, am 22, 1917 at tho
'3' at m. Clemons.
act of Karel:

  

under
8rd, 1879.

  
  

 

 

 

 

 

\

7 long demanded about, but with

.. ‘ little encouragement is
parently about to become a reality
through the good oﬂces of Dr- David

Friday, pneuident of the Michigan ,

Agricultural College.

About two months ago, Dr. Friday
‘was called in to act as an arbitrator
for the producers and distributors
in the-Detroit area, who could not

‘ reach a mutual understanding in the

priest! milk for the month of De-
cember. He set the price at $3 per
hundred to the producer and 14
cents per quart to the consumer in
Detroit. But at the same time. Dr.
Friday announced that he could not
be sure of this price being fair to
the three parties: producer, distribu-
tor and consumer, until he had made

' a thorough investigation of the situa-
tion and promised to start work on '

such a probe, for the beneﬁt of all
concerned, at once.

In the meanwhile the daily press
in Detroit took up the cry and thus,
Governor Groesbeck became inter-
ested and is reported to have in—

; structed Representative Vincent P.

'Dacey. of Detroit, to conduct a per—
sonal investigation, for the speciﬁc
purpose ,of helping Dr. Friday, if it
became necessary to use the powers
of the'state to do so. .
Same Prices for January

The ﬁrst meeting of the investi-

gation being conducted by Dr. Fri-

, day was held at the Hotel Cadillac,

Detroit, and representatives of, the
press, which means the public, were

. barred, so in effect the meeting was

secret. At its conclusion Dr. Fri—
day said: “My purpose in conduct-
ing this inquiry,” “is' primarily to
learn whether or not the present
price of milk in Detroit is a just one.
To ﬁnd this out I shall have to probe
the costs and methods of distribu-
tion here as well as the cost of pro—
duction on the/dairy farms and the
manner in which the‘farmers get

their milk.
“I know already that many-farm-
ers maintain ‘ineﬂicient' cows. By

that I mean cows don’t produce ac-
cording to the demands of the mar-
ket. The consumption of milk is

WHETHER thousands and thou—
sands of dollars in unpaid
taxes on some of the ﬁnest
potato farms in the second tuber
producing county in Michigan will he
returned to the state this year de-
pends upon the relief which the Pore
lat-quue and Pennsylvania rail-
mds are able to give shippers in
locusts county in the next few
weeks. ’ —

the 1

let their tun go back no

i a mouthier
ls situation: A sur-

llndlcates thatt‘he
‘ a was task:

are

7‘0: summary» . ,
' - have

V
——-¥

g; 1». Friday Begins Milk gm. “ in Detroit Area

Gov. *Groesbedi, Legislature" and Dain Press Backing Him, He Promises to Uncover Facts

AN INTERVIEW WITH nu. FRIDAY

0 secure a statement from Mr. David Friday on the Detroit

wed-caddy.

Milk situation, I interviewed him Thursday, January 25, upon
his return from the Detroit conference, which was held on

The situation at present seems to be somewhat indeﬁnite and
mowed. Friday is starting a careful investigation of all phases
of use Detroit situation which bear upon the distributing of milk.

lie-will probably, be some weeks upon this work, as there are a
a number of difﬁcult angles to be considered. The ﬂuctuation of
supply and demand at different seasons, unorganized distributors,
labor costs in the distributing plants—these are among the things
which Friday mentioned yesterday as calling for a careful and

complete study.

Prof. J. ’1‘. Homer, of the M. A. 0., economics department, is
wakinngith Friday in the detailed investigation.

For the present, as I understand the situation, the contract
price agreed upon for December between the producers and dis-

tributors (with Mr. Friday serving as “arbitrator") is to continue
in aﬂoat. This calls for $3.00 a hundred pounds to the farmer and
retail sales from the wagon at 14 cents a quart.

The only deﬁnite bit of information Mr. Friday gave out on the
present situation in Detroit is that they are receiving in Detroit
now 15 to 20 per cent more milk than the people of Detroit are

consuming as whole milk.

This, of course, means that the surplus
must be used in manufactures, and bought at a lower price.

This,

according to Friday, is one of the chief problems connected with

the entire issue.
and one-half to three

Consumption of milk in Detroit has declined two
per cent—the normal lowered cansumption

at this season of the year, apparently.
\ President Friday seemed unwilling to give out any deﬁnite state-

ment at this time,
study of all angles
weeks—J B. Hasselman.

beyond the fact that he is to make a. careful
of the difﬁcult situation during‘the next few

 

 

about 20 per cent less in winter than
in summer. But almost always
there is a. surplus of milk in winter
and a shortage in summer.
farmers should ‘freshen’ their cows

so a greater yield would come in the.

summer. That automaticallyswould
revise the price.

“This afternoon the dealers and
producers got together pretty well on
this angle. They agreed to a tenta—
tive arrangement \whereby the farm-
er will be penalized for over—produc-

v tionv in the wrong season.” ‘

He announced also. that the price
of milk to me producer anacon-
sumer in the Detroit area would 're-
main the same for the month of Jan-
uary, that it had been set by him,

Car Shortage Causes Thousands of

crops, has percipitated this crisis in
the lives of the nation's food pro-
ducers in Mecosta county. ,

 fall, when farmers could have

sold their potatoes at 60 to 65 cents ‘

a hundred-weight, they were unable
to get even common box cars for
movement of their crop during the
season when it was not necessary to
go to the expense of reﬁning the
car But under the belief that the
railroad would fulﬁll its obligations
as a common carrier and would fur-
nish cars, farmers stated that they
left their potatoes? in pits or hauled
them into temporary basements until
car-should be supplied. Those tnbers
still are in the pits and cellars but,
farmers‘say they are now worthless.
Hany of them froze early in Decem-
ber- and others have frosted since.
,480  Paish .
marketing representatives at the
shipping points. in the county esti-
 approximateiy 400 car-
  at $96,000
  frost or have
boost-consumed by cattle simply be—
cause the railroads were unable to
furnish thenecmsary cars.

The.

V A ques- ,
,tion  been raised by some of the
growagiato whether 

 '1 is 1* . to , ‘

  

a month earlier, for the December.
While Dr. David Friday’s milk in—
quiry settled itself down to an ex-
amination of books, evidences con-
tinued today to accumulate to show
that producers are not receiving the
$3 rate for each 100 pounds of milk.
It is the payment of this rate that
makes the‘ cost of milk high to the
consumer, the distributors have been
claiming. .
The practice of underpaying the
farmer, and at the same time loading
on him the charges of hauling from
the stations to the creameries in
Detroit, is classiﬁed as good business
by the management of the big dis-
tributing Companies.
It is_good business also to under-

Dollars of Loss to Potato Growers

these damages alleged to be the di-
rect result of the railroads failing
to supply cars upon numerous and
repeated requests.

The car shortage seems to be
most acute on the Pere Marquette
line. Seven months ago when the
writer was investigating claims of
this railroad for its request to aban-
don the branch lines from Mecosta
to Barryton and Remus to Weidman
he was told that the tonnage was
not sufﬁcient to warrant maintaining
the lines. This week he found that
there is more business on these two
branch lines than the railroad can
begin to handle.

Since last September the Barryton
potato growers’ association has had
a request on ﬁle with the Pere Mar-
quette for one car a day to load out
potatoes, but the railroad has been
unable to supply only a part of the
orders. a

This is not the ﬁrst year, farmers
stated, that this region has been
gripped with a car shortage. While
other lines, particularly the Michigan
Central, have been supplying its ship-
pers with nearly all the cars they

i needed, the’Pere Marquette for some

reason, either lack of cars or indif-
t, . hasbeen slow in ﬁllingor-

. along routes formerly owned by the

speakers at this series of

~11 er

 

        

sell rivals who set up in business

    

big - creameries. Evidence of this
type of cutting was obtained by a
daily paper and submitted to W. J.
Kennedy of the Detroit Creamery.

Mr. Kennedy readily admitted his '
company was cutting the price in
one section. He declared that form-
er employes of his concern had had\
the termerity to set themselves up 
in business. He was going to sell
milk 2 cents Cheaper than the new
distributors did in order to drive
them out of business, he said.

Want Inquiry Made State-Wide

Several Michigan legislators have
now come forward with the demand
that. the milk investigation be made _
state—Wide and such important areas

     
   
   
 
     
      
      
     
  
   
  
  
  
  
   
  
  
  
  
   
   
  
  
   
  
   
  
 
     
  
  
   
    
  
     
      
  
   
  
    
  
  
   
   
    
      
    
     
   
   

as Grand Rapids, Flint, Saginaw,
Kalamazoo and Jackson, be taken
into consideration. They seem to

feel that the conditions are only
slightly worse in the Detroit area..
Lansing has, of course, in operation ‘
a farmers’ owned company which is
making the experiment, with appar-
ent success of distributing its own
milk to the consumer and yet both
consumer and distributor have reap—
ed a great beneﬁt.

"‘I am inclined to agree with my
colleague, Representative Joseph
Warner, of Ypsilanti,” said Repre- *
sentativ‘e Howell, of Saginaw. “He “
says the distributors in Detroit give
a. rotten deal to both the farmer and
the consumer. “He has been both
producer and distributor and he
ought to know.”

Next Meeting February Tenth

Prof. J. T. Horner, of the Dairy
Division, M. A. C., has been delegated
by Dr. Friday to carry on an actual v .3
investigation of the creamery com-
panies books and the next meeting
is scheduled for February tenth and
it has not yet been announced as to
whether this meeting will be con-
ducted publicly or not, altho there is
considerable pressure being brought
to bear on Dr. Friday, to hold these
meetings in the open, where all the
facts can be_secured and presented
to the judgement of the vast masses
of people interested in milk, from
both sides of the question.

“0

dcrs, but not as tardy as during. the
last four months. ~
Question of Leasing

The situation now has resolved
itself, according to growers and mar-
ket men, into the q estion of
whether the state shoul not lease
or buy enough cars to insure its
farmers adequate transportation
facilities to market their crops. The
farmers believe, however, that the 
railroads should be charged with é
their transportation responsibilities. i
They point out that factories in the
cities do not have to buy or lease
cars, and they can see no reason
why they should do so although
there is some talk among the local
associations of advising the Michigan I
Potato Growers’ exchange at Cadillac L
to lease cars next season the same as
the old line cOmpanies do. .

In order to be economical in the '
marketing of potatoes, 0. 0. Wells, '
manager of the Michigan Potato. ‘ n
Growers’ exchange and one of the”
meetings, 
half of the Michigan-crop should go
to market before Nov. 1,. The balé ‘
ance, if the railroads supply chasm-s '
can be marketed in anorde‘rly ' '
during the whiter
(Continuedmn ’~

.--. -- .4..— - --_--_.W_

  
 
 

 
 

  
    
       
   

   
      
   
    
     
        
    
    
   
     
  

     

  
 

  

 
   
 
 
 

  

 
 
 

   

 

 

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Proper training of this tree during the first two or three years of its life
would have prevented th s.

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OST fruit growers will agree
that tree growth and fruit
production are regulated to a
considerable extent by pruning prac-
tices, but there is much confusion
as to the amount and kind of prun—
, ng that should be employed to give
the" desired results. Experiment
Station investigators are gradually
working out various phases of the

ably be many years before deﬁnite
rules can be formulated relative to
the training and pruning of all kinds
and types of fruit trees.

Yet, while these problems are be—
ing Solved, trees must be pruned.
‘ It is the main purpose of this article
to present some of the underlying
principles which the fruit grower
should constantly keep in mind, and
to show how these principles may be
\applied to such trees as are common—
51y found in Michigan.

Throughout the discussion of
pruning practices certain terms
are used more or less frequently,
and it is well that an understanding
be had of these, together with the
general principles involved. Again,
certain practices are applicable, in a
general way, to all kinds of decidu~
Gus fruit trees, and these may be
briefly discussed before taking up
more detailed consideration of the
handling of speciﬁc kinds of fruit
trees.

The removal of an entire branch,
limb, twig or spur is referred to as
thinning or “thinning out.” Thin—
ning results in a less croWded con-
dition throughout the tree, and it
u ually permits a” greater amount of
1i ht and a freer circulation of air
in the interior portions. This kind
of pruning generally encourages the
formation of fruit spurs and discour—
ages the formation of lengthy side
branches or laterals. It favors the
development of an extensive fruit—
ing system, but continued thinning
with some kinds and varieties of
fruits eventually leads to the form-

ation of wide-spreading or rangy
‘trees that are expensive to handle
' and that are unable to carry their
crops 'without artiﬁcial supports.

tion of a branch is removed, the
process is known as heading 0:
“headingback.” This type of prun-
ing is practiced when branches are
growing out of bounds; whcn one
part of- the tree is growing more rap-
idly in pr0portion to the tree as a
whole that is desired; to encourage
the development of the framework
branches of the tree at such points
as they are deSired, and to avoid
a rangy type of growth. Th: head—
ing back of a vigorous shoot usually
results in the formation of several
strong—growing lateral shoots and
few spurs the succeeding year.
Hence, it promotes the formation of
a compact head. In other words,
heading back has more to do with
the development of form of tree
than with the development of a
fruiting system, and is ' practiced

  

«than with those in bearing. -He“a,vi-
'ly headedback young trees should
not be" expected to attainlgreater
‘ size than 'th0se headed lightly or
1" not at all—gin fact," if centinued fOr
seweralvyears, the gross effect is an
undersized tree, as well as,‘ one tilate'

in coming into fniit"'pr0du“c‘tion. 

 
 

  
  
 
  

lending is" somewhat artiﬁcial.- - In
’ ‘5 er , words, a' single“ ‘pruning7‘cnt
‘ * ' «ltxinmthinningzout as well.

   
    

:back;

 
  

pruning problem, but it will prob—v

.Thiis isifrequenh 

 
  

When the tip or any larger por-‘

.been removed,
formation of

, ,
ly the case when three- or four—year-
old wood is being removed from
peach trees and the cuts are made
Close to a lateral of the former par-
ent branch.

Two branches that have made
practically the same amount of
growth are often found growing
from a common point. If left un—
pruned or if headed back to the
same length, the amount of growth
from each of the following year
will be approximately equal. If one
branch is cut several inches shorter
than the other, the longer one will
give rise to more growth the fol-
lowing years, and eventually the
shorter one will become a side
branch of the longer, as. naturally
occurs if one branch is longer than
the other and no pruning takes
place. Thus equal cutting back of
branches arising from a common
point results in equal growth, and
unequal cutting back results in un—
equal growth. Furthermore, when
two branches of equal size emerge
from a common-place in such a way
as to form a sharp “Y”, a weak
crotch results unless steps are tak-
en to strengthen it. Equal cutting
back of these two branches will not
better the condition, but unequal
cutting back, leaving one consider—
ably longer than the other, will en-
courage the longer one to become
a leader or main branch, and the
other will eventually become a later—
al or side branch; The crotch is
strengthened and splitting in later
years avoided. '

Long Pruning

Recently the attention
fruit growers has been directed to
a kind of pruning, very popular in
California, known as “long prun-
ing,” and it may be well to state
brieflthhe meaning of this term.
Pruning as commonly practiced on
the Paciﬁc Coast, until recently, con-
sisted of some thinning—out and a
very heavy heading back (removal
of 50 to 75, per cent of each new
branch) of the new growth each
year. This resulted in devotion by
the trees of too large a part of their
energies to the growth of long
shoots and not enough to fruit pro-
duCtion, and the fruiting wood on
the interior portions of the trees
was often shaded out by the dense
top. Fruit growers have found that
they can reduce this excessive wood
growth and increase the fruitfulness
of their trees by practicing a “thin-
ningfout” and they thus
tinue the former severe “heading.”
Since the new growth'is left without

heading, the result is a tree very
different in appearance from the
former heavily cut—back one, and

hence the term “long-pruning.”
Generally, the greatest growth re—
sponse takes place in the immediate
vicinity of a pruning cut. This is
noticeable where a large branch has
resulting in the
numerous water-

. sprouts near the point of removal. In

Is

.toa greateh extent with young trees

This division between thinning and '.

v these parts'rt‘liut viiil__jgenerally’ in-

like manner, if a branch or shoot
is cutback, a few laterals (side
branches) will usually develop near
the end of the headed—back branch,

although some response may be not,
The re- “

ed some, distance away..
movral of‘a‘b‘ranch has comparatively
little direct effect'on‘ the'tre‘e as a
whole. If, then, it is desirable, to
renew vegetative 'g‘ro‘Wth throughout
the tree, the' cutting must be distri-
buted throughout the entire tree.
work conﬁned to the outer parts of
the tree’will give direct response in

of some

discon— ‘

 
 

'\ Pruning ru

      

 

Now is the Time toDo this Valuable {'Work’ '

By ROY E. MARSHALL

Professor of Horticulture. M. A. 0.

directly affect the central parts by
.admitting more light and permit-
ting a freer circulation of air. The
careful pruner should :keep these
facts in .mind in all pruning pract-
ices.

’There is a strong tendency among V

pruners to remove all the fruit spurs
and short shoots from the young
trees, especially from the scaffold
branches, as they are thought to be
of no use. However, experience
shows that, if allow‘ed to remain,
these are productive of the ﬁrst
fruit of the tree. If they are re-
moved, the tree will not come into
early bearing. (Some pruners think
that these small twigs will only be
in the way‘ in later years. These
fruiting branches seldom reach a
length of more than a few inches,
and if they do they may be short—
ened. Even if some are broken off
from time to time, it will certainly
pay well to leave and preserve a
liberal supplyof them as long as
possible.

How to Remove a Branch

So much emphasis has been placed
by many writers upon right and
wrong methods of removing branches
that it would seem unnecessarv to
mention these again, but some grow-
ers are still very careless in this op-
eration. The wound resulting from
the removal of a branch will heal
much more rapidly if the cut is
made close to and almost parallel
with the main stem. If removed
even a slight distance beyond the
parent branch, the result is a slow
healing wound. If a stub is left, it
usually dies and heart rot eventually
develops in the parent branch. It

is often advisable ﬁrst to saw in for.

a short distance on theunder side of
large branches so as to prevent the
splitting and peeling of bark from
th parent branch when the branch
is nearly sawed through.

Pruning is ordinarily done during
the dormant season. Slight prefer-
ence should be given to that done in
late winter or early Spring because
the wounds heal more rapidly; but if
all pruning is left until such a time,
the work may not be completed be—
cause of the rush of other farm prac-
tices in early spring. Consequently,
any favorable weather, after the
dropping of the foliage in the fall
and before the opening of the buds in
the spring, may be utilized for prun-
ing. If one has a large acreage, he
should start work in the older apple
and pear trees during the early win—
ter, and reserve the stone fruit and
younger trees for late winter and
spring pruning. It is believed that
pruning done during. any weather
that, is suitable for the pruner will

result in no ill effects.
is possible that heart rot, die-back,
bruisingysplitting, etc., may result
from pruning frozen wood.

Pruning Tools _ A

Two tools are essential for pruning
work: a pair of small hand-shears
and a saw. With these two tools a
pruner can do practically all of the
work that will be requireddn bearing
Erees and most of the work in young

rees. ’

The shears shOuld be made 'of the.

best material obtainable, as cheap
shears are easily sprung. A' good
pair of steel shears will withstand
heavy work for several yearsﬁ The
shears should be seven to ten inbhes
in length, nine being the size usually
preferred.

The saw should be so constructed
as to cut rapidly, leave a smooth out,
be as light as is consistent with rigid—
ity and good lasting qualities; and
it should have a hand grip that will
not tire or cramp the hand or wrist.
A saw on Which the teeth are set to
cut on the “pull” is less tiring to the
pruner. Saws with teeth on both
edges are objectionable, as they are
usually poor in cutting quality and
frequently injure bark on the per-
manent branch.

A pair of lopping or wooden
handled shears often facilitate the
work about young trees and about
the lower parts of old'trees. It is

a somewhat awkward tool to use in

the upper parts of bearing trees.
Such shears should be about 20 to
26 inchesin length and of double
leverage.

Pole pruners,
length, enable the pruner to work
the tops of trees ﬁve to ten years old
to better advantage. They should
not be used where it is possible to
employ the other tools, because work
with the pole pruner is, at best very
slow, and the cutting Cannot be done
as precisely as with other teals.

It is considered good practise to
paint wounds larger than one and
one-half to two inches in diameter
with a good white lead to which some
kind ofxantiseptic has been added.
An ouncelof cyanide of mercury or,

,bichloride of mercury may be dis—

solved in a little turpentine and
thoroughly mixed with, a gallon of
the paint. A charcoal, brush, graft-
ing wax, such as is used in bridge
grafting, makes an excellent cover-
ing. See Michigan Experiment Sta-
tion Circular No. 14, Revised.
, Types of Training
Fruit trees may be~developed ac-
cording to any one of seVeral differ-
ent styles of training during the non-
bearing, vegetative, or formative
(Continued on page 17.)

 

 

   n  

branches,
8 year later.

tain the proper

A group of-two-year-old Northern Spy trees which are being trained accordin to

the modified leader system. Note that they show from ﬂveJo’ acycn lasers sea Old

Two or three more will be selected from near the 1: '~

A central leader will not '- . ‘
These trees have had' a. very light thinning out send:

 

  
  
         
   
  
 
 
 
    

: { w.

 

be rota .4;   ﬁlm?"
we» ~ » is 

     

might»

However, it

six to ten feet in'

 

t the central leads:
all“, shown 

 

  a“. «.531;an _ a;

61:59..” 

. 

 

1i


I . .. -i ,\

'PHCTURESFROM FAR ’ AND   NEAR =

 

 

Four feet—count ’em yourseltl—This chicken, Great pyramid is work of scientist—The pyramid of A novelty for the bride—A unique chest. of
a Rhode Island Red, was hatched on an Indiana Kunuf. at Gizih. gypt, which according to English en- drawers which is being imported into Germany.
farm, and ’tis said, that by virtue of its two gineers, was designed by a Scientist who must have The chest is made of marble and is in the form
useless appendages it rules the barnyard. The known the shape of the earth. They give the date of of a bride in bridal gown of the 18th Century.
chicken is perfectly normal otherwise.  the commencement of the pyramid as 2170 B. C. In the body are several small and large drawers-

 

 

VVaiting for the train i—John McGuigan. of White Cloud, Michigan, who has What Coue suggested to sculptor —"Every day in every way," the bust 01’ Emile
been paralyzed for the past ﬁfteen years, has supported himself and 'his family Coue. the now famous evangelist of optimistic health, Is being completed in man-hie
by meeting all trains and selling candy, cigars, and magazines. “Billy” brings under the skillful chisel of Jo Davidson, eminent American sculptor. )Ir. Dayld-
his master in. “Billy” leads a happy life. The passengers feed him with every- son did most of the work in France, before )1. Cone. sailed for America,
thing from cizars to magazines. but he is completing the work now at his studio in New York.

The’ Radio Typewriter—Edward Reborn, 3 They’re going swimmingle—UD in Manchester, New Uncle Sam emrployes blind man—W. A. West,
mechanic ,0! Oakland. California. has Just ‘in- 'Harnpshire, where there is plenty of snow, and where who is blind, is considered one of the most 91110..
’vonted. a. radio-typewriter that takes its mes- ice skating is the chief sport in the winter time, men ient lacers in Uncle Sam‘s mailbag repair shop.
sages-‘1 om~the air and~writes themtout as if' and boys, with Indian-like fortitude. don bathing suits He puts the ﬁnishing touch on the, bag, putting
  liylthe hand of a ghost. What next and make for the Old Swimmin’ Hole, while the Mercury in the rope that is used to 'ock the bags. lie has
“women.” invent? ‘ x .  ' . 1, " siithers around 20 below zero. g . turned out. an ui‘crag: of 300 bags a, day.

' (copyright Keystone, View; Gompgny)‘; J l

w

. .—-. .9“... . w.wu.,.

 


. a“,

 

 
     

“a.

/

" Cdst State over$300,000tin 1922 to Idemiify Owners and it will cost nearly Two Million ; ' ;. 

T is possible to free Michigan of
tuberculous cattle within ﬁve
years, but the cost will be around

two million dollars if we are to ac-
cept the ﬁgures just issued by the
State Department of Agriculture, in
their ﬁrst annual report.

Dr. T. S. Rich, federal inspector
in charge of the tuberculosis eradi—
cation in.cooperation with the state
oﬂicials, agrees with this statement
and says he bases his judgement on
the phenomenal achievements in
Michigan during the last 12 months.

J‘he State ﬁrst undertook to en-
courage bovine tuberculosis eradi-

cation by payment of indemnity for
animals slaughtered on account of
this disease in 1909. The testing
Was done by veterinarians over the
State without any deﬁnite plan until
July 1, 1917, when'a cooperative
agreement was entered into with the
Federal Government under the Fed—
eral and State accredited plan, by
which owners of purebred herds vol-
untarily submitted their cattle for
the tuberculin test by State or Fed-
eral veterinarians and agreed to fol-
low instructions in regard to methods
of handling their herds in order to
prevent. exposure to the disease from
outside sources. Herds were signed
up and taken under supervision in
many counties of the State and were
regularly tested without expense to
the owner, and both State and Fed—
eral Governments paid indemnities
when animals reacte’cl and were
slaughtered. These herds were wide—
ly scattered in many counties over
the State and greatly stimulated in—

 

 

\

MONEY APPROPRIATED TO FIGHT BOVINE TUBERCULOSIS
*- IN MICHIGAN I

HE total funds appropriated by counties during the past year
for cooperative bovine tuberculosis eradication on the area

basis amounted to $107,700.00.

given are as follows:

Hillsdale .................. «$7,000.00
Jackson ........................... .. 8,000.00
Livingston “ ..................  .... .. 4,500.00
Grand Traverse  2,500.00
Antrim ................................. .. 2,500.00
Charlevoix ......................... .. 2,500.00
Emmet ............................ .. 2,500.00
Gogebic ................. _.. 2,500.00
Wayne ..__..___ ............... .____ 5,000.00
Kent ._._._....:. 5,000.00
Shiawassee 1.... 5,000.00

The coanties and amounts

Washtenaw .1........_._-...$10,000.00

Ingham ........................ _.... 5,000.00
Calhoun ~   9,000.00

  

 

Clinton ................. “.1... 8,000.00
Monroe ............................ .1- 5,000.00,
Lelanan ..................... -M 1,500.00
Oceans ..................................  4,000.00
Muskegon .  5,000.00
Ogemaw ............................... .. 5,000.00

Total .................. ..$107,700.00

 

 

terest_in tuberculin testing by edu-
cating the general public and the
herd owners in particular as to the
importance and signiﬁcance of the
work. As the work increased, how-
ever. the expense became too great
in proportion to the results secured
because of the time wasted and ex-
pense incurred in traveling from
place to place to test herds. This
led to the adoption of the area plan,
by which the tuberculin test is ap-
plied to all cattle in a given area.
The work is conducted with much
greater economy and efﬁciency and
infected herds are located rapidly
and diseased animals removed.
Under the area plan, as is it now
being handled in this State, the

J County Board of Supervisors is asked

to make an appropriation sufﬁcient
to cover the salary of one veterin-
arian employed by the county and
the cost of carrying on the work in
the county, including transportation
of veterinarians, ear tags for cattle,
etc, and the Board of Supervisors
signs the cooperative agreement with
the Bureau of Animal Industry and
the United States Department of Ag-
riculture.

In October of last year the ﬁrst
big victory over bovine tuberculosis
was won when the herds of Hillsdale
county, in a whirlwind campaign of
12 days through the work of 33 test-
ers, were freed of the scourge.

One of the men who was instru-

 

 9““
; t “ 7/

Ma Showing prof-cs: of
bum: fubcreulosi;
eradication by coma-its
in Michigan

’Vov. I 10:2.

mead-flu in 0
,9 Md.

0

Taft}! II in
[1]] ,4, .

i @ Finds ‘
a raft-Iach.

Turing {yd

'- '-
[ ﬁ .16; :Qﬁba

 

ILLINOI8

fibﬁﬂib IIJ

 

 

I .

This map shows the remarkable progress that has
of bovine tuberculosis in Michigan.

LAKE -sueenion
. st

‘3.

 

 

DOIINION OF CANADA

‘n made in the ﬁght to'free cattle herds
The results place the state at the front ‘-
jtrengthen conﬁdence in the, belief that the diseaise can be drivel?i to the last ditch in Michiganﬁand

" ‘ ‘ " ‘ of .3 ke' to mar ngs. . 1 n r ., ‘ . «- '
 °th°’~'9t’t°s"bet9‘° @912”? ‘At $113.1...” ‘- a; .- y“ t . ' women cm a  Joana.  a

\ O
LAKE
am

in this Work and

 

gram. ’ ;

   

 

 

 

v ' .

mental in obtaining 'funds for the
work was Prof. H. R. Smith, former-

' ‘ 1y a resident, but now live stock com-
missioner of the National Live Stock 

Exchange; Among state authorities,
cooperating with the department, are
H. W. Norton, Jr., director of the
bureau of animal industry of depart-
ment of "agriculture and State Vet-
erinarian B.’ J. Killam.

The results of the drive ﬁred the
state with enthusiasm for tubercu—
losis eradication. '

_At the beginning the applications
from herd-owners were purely vol-
untary. But the county authorities;
here and there caught the spirit of
the movement. Boards of supervis-
ors. began to invite the department
of agriculture to send representa-

‘ ,tives to explain to them the needs

and cost of the campaign, and county.
after county made the necessary ap-
propriations to undertake the work.

These invitations had the approval
of about 95 per cent'of The herd-
owners, and yet it was felt that to
leave even 5 per cent of the herds
in any area untested might largely
nullify the effort.

Prompted by overwhelming pub-

,lic opinion, a search was made for

means to compel objectors to comply
with the will of the great maiority ,
and the existing law was found to~
be ample on the subject. The com-
missioner of agriculture is empow-
ered to quarantine any herd deemed
a menace to the public- health.
Armed with this authority, the in—
spectors have been able to make the
eradication absolute in every county
to which they have been invited by
the county authqrities. No effort
has been made to bring pressure on
any county and no county has been
solicited to undertake the campaign;

Over 160,000 Cattle Tested

The total amount accomplished
during the past year has surprised
even the authorities themselves.
More than 23,000 herds containing
about 160,000 cattle have been put
under supervision.

All the cattle have been tested at

least once in eight counties. Hills-
dale, Jackson, Livingston, Grand
Traverse, Charlevoix, Antrim, Em-

met and Gogebic.

In addition to the test -is.now in
progress in Wayne, Washtenaw, Ing-
ham, Eaton, Kent and Shiawassee,
while Monroe, St. Joseph, Calhoun,
Huron, Muskegon, Oceana, Leela—
nau, Otsego, Presque Isle, Cheboy—
gan, Schoolcraft and Ontonagon are
on the waiting list. '

The counties have appropriated
out of their own funds from $2,500
to $15,000, depending on their area
and number of herds. The approp—
riation usually is based‘Un '25 cents
per animal. The total money raised
by the counties reached $125,000.,

Indicative of the rapid spread of
the idea is the fact that 17 other
counties have, through their boards
of supervisors, requested representa-
tives of the state department to come
and explain the work and advise
with them as to plans. All this has
been accomplished during the last 12
months. "

$300,000 for Five Years

The experience gained has enabled
a pretty accurate estimate of costs.
Fortunately, Michigan was,» aroused
to the need before conditions became ‘ "
bad. The percentage’of animals re—

\ acting to test is only about 31/2.

Out of the 23,000 herds under
supervision, 19,000 have no tuber-
culosis. This tact greatly simpliﬁes
the prob m, and at the same time‘
argues t rcefully for the adoption at -
once of a thorough state-wide pro--

  
 

illustration of the cost of-

I cited. During the last year
the a ' horities in that state haves»-

 

pend for tuberculosis eradication
_ leaf" that $300,009? the
Michigan authorities pest! '

    

more- that
thence?“ ‘ﬂnwe   «J ‘

 

 

I "._

 

l

. ,1 A

’ x...» ~ _
. z

. . v» Alia

has gt. a. ._

din-099ka H-»~HA---“._;-_ ._.___ ..

     

lemma

  


 
    

 
    

 

 

._,._-.2; ’

\ -..-_._u....



‘ greatly
Equality. of the seed grpwn.
~jh‘ ‘said to have been as late as 1909

«  organized an Essociation

‘ taken anything;

_ For many'years the" immerse:
; Michigan seemed not to have been

concerned
It is

"that the Michigan Agricultural Col-
* le‘ge began the distribution of pedi—
greed grain seed. It was not long
:the’reafter that 'a group of farmers
for the
premotiOn of the title of superior
and purebred seeds. This organiza-
tion is now known as the Michigan
Crop Improvement Association. In
this way there has come into use
such new improved varieties of
grain -as "Rosen .Rye” (introduced
,from Russian" by a student at the
College by the name of Rosen) “Red
Rock Wheat,” “Worthy,” and other
varieties of oats, “Black Barbless

_‘ley," ’etc.
strated their worth and added great-
ly to the productiveness of Michigan
agriculture. Similarly there has

been organized “The Michigan Pota—y

to Producers Association” for the
“purpose of improving the quality
and yield of the Michigan potato
crop. Both associations have a
system of inspection and certiﬁca—
tion for purebred seed. The Michi-
gam State Farm Bureau, since its
organization in 1919 has undertaken
the distribution of purebred seed to
its members. When one contrasts
the ﬁfty-five varieties of potatoes
listed by the State Board of Agri—
culture in the state in the year 1868
With the much smaller number of
standard varieties found here today,
one sees something of the revolution
that has taken place in agricultural
practice in the last few years.

It 'is no doubt true that certain
other factors have reduCed agricult-
ural production in Michigan.
fertility of the soil has generally
speaking not been maintained up to
the standard found by' the pioneers.
Our farmers in this respect have not
like the pains
which belong to the patient, indust—
rious and wise farmers of China.
History must record that the fertile
surface soils were allowed to be
washed away by rains and, ﬂoods,
and to have its essential humus
destroyed by frequent burnings by
forest and brush ﬁres. Hilltops
.were deforested and this encour—
aged their denudation and ruin for
agricultural purpoSes. In some sec-
tions, continued cropping“ in the
"same tracts,‘with the removal and
sale of forage grasses without any-
thing .being done to replace the -ele—,
ments they have taken fro-m the
soil, has had its inevitable result in
bankrupting the productive power of
the land. It is requiring all the im-

‘ provements in agricultural practices

and marketing methods to overcome

'this self—imposed handicap.

Native W'ild Fruits

The native wild fruits of Michi—.

‘gan—the wild crabapple, wild plum,
wild cherry and numerous wild ber-
ries (raspberries, black, red and
White, salmon—berry, cranberry
hudkleberry, Wintergreen berry)
were added to by certain tame
species, such as the pear and the
apple which, originally introduced
into the territory by early French
settlers or coureurs de bois, were
found growing in a wild state by
the ﬁrst American travelers and set-
tlers. The wild grapes had a won-
derful luxuriance in the southeast-
ern section of the state where soil
conditions 'were more favorable

‘ than the climate, giving rise to the

name “River Raisin” along whose
banks, as well as the Detroit River,
the ‘vine grew of enormous size and
in great profusion.
apple-trees in remote places in the
Michigan wilderness struck the ﬁrst
American comers as curious, and
they wondered much as to the cause.

. It is still: mere a matter of ‘couject

uh than of, clear record. ‘ -
_ With the settlement came import-

 ed varieties ‘of domesticated fruits

- ﬁlm-

truitv culture, ﬁrst among the
Fran h and then among the
- " a ‘

regarding the

These have demon»

The '

To ﬁnd bearing ‘

ffareening,” _.

a

  dud concluding Installment of Historicqlauitline of Rural Life in Michigan, by Prof. L. A. Chase

Very early,"too, apparently as early
as the attainment of statehood—the
great fruit industry of the Lake
Michigan shorehad gained its start,
and peaches were going to market
from the mouth of the St. Joseph
River, and tame grapes were grow-
ing close to Grand Haven. There is
testimony that the removal of the
protecting forest from the interior
of the state had its part in driving
fruit culture, particularly of the
peach and grape, to the lake shore
where the winter blasts and sum—
mer breezes were tempered by the
inﬂuence of the vast body of water
over which they passed. The hard—
ier plums, apples, cherries made
good their position in. the interior
counties and even as far north as
the shore of Lake Superior. At
Ypsilanti and other southern points
tree nurseries appeared very early
and supplied fruit—growers with'na-
tive stock. Thus before the time
of the Civil War the Michigan fruit
industry was thoroughly establish-
ed. The State Horticultural Society
was established in 1870 and in the
intervening half century there has
been a steady improvement in hort-
icultural methods and results. The
nut-bearing trees—the hickory, the
beech, the butternut, the Walnut,
the chestnut and the hazelbush-—~
have also contributed largely to
the food supply of the people, butnot
much in commercial quantities. Of
late there has been formed “The
Northern Nut-growers’ Association”
to promote the growing of edible
nuts in the northern states.

Horses are reported to have been
introduced into Michigan by the
early French, described as hardy,
strong, of a quiet disposition and
some of them quite speedy. An
amalgamation of this type with early
American breeds is said to have oc—
curred. These early American horses
were of moderate size, (ﬁfteen to
sixteen hands high and weighing
1,000 to 1,200 pounds). English
thoroughbred stallions crossed with
native mares improved the strain
and provided the carriage and driv-
ing horses of later days. About
1854 the Morgan and Black Hawk
horses are'said to have been intro—
duced from New England along with
hamiltonian and other trotting
blood. During this period draught
horse breeds, mainly of English
stock, are reported to have entered
the state. Then came Percherons
from France, English C‘lydes and
other types. By 1892 Belgians were
also in evidence. Cleveland Bays
and French coach—horses had then
arrived. In 1892 Michigan had
530,000 horses which had risen to
640,000 in 1920.

In the pioneer era cattle, sheep
and swine were of various non-de—
script types and it is only recently
that there has arisen a demand for
pure-bred stock.

In 1890 the Michigan Improved
Livestock Breeders’ and Feeders’
Association was formed, and, as in-

terest grew, there were formed
special associations for particular
breeds, such as the Aberdeen-Angus,
the Holstein-Friesian, Short—horns
and other varieties of cattle, and for
particular breeds of sheep and
swine. It is now much more com—
mon than it once was to ﬁnd Mich-
igan farmers with pure bred regis-
tered livestock.

Manufacturing Butter and Cheese

The manufacture of butter and
cheese in factories dates from the
time shortly after the Civil War and
has been closely associated with the
cattle business. It did not destroy
the domestic manufacture of these
products", but it has become rela-
tively of much greater importance
as he census ﬁgures show. It has
alw ys been of greatest importance
in the southern and central counties.
The milk producers of the state have
oragnized and Michigan Allied Dairy
Association comprises a number of
industries related to the production
and distribution of milk and milk
products. Laws have been enacted
for the protection of the purity of
milk supply and to prevent short
measures in its sale. Some cities
have established commissions to
certify to the purity of the milk
sold to the public and to prevent
the sale of impure milk.

Sheep are grown both for their
ﬂeece and for mutton. The pioneers
made their own cloth from home—
grown wool and even yet there are
people in Michigan who continue
this practice in spite of the greater
cheapness of factory—made goods.
The spinning wheel still hums in a
few farm homes, and turns out a
product that has no shoddy in it.
There are also several factories in
Michigan in both peninsulas, for
the manufacture of woolen goods——
not all from Michigan wool however,
although they have utilized a por—
tion of the wool gathered in by the
Michigan State Farm Bureau. There
has been a great improvement in
the grades of Michigan sheep and
Michigan wool is regarded as of ex—
cellent uqality. In the early period
of Michigan history, however, sheep—
raising was common especially in
the southern counties. ’

In the earlier period of the state’s
history, meat, like almost every-
thing else, was produced at home or
in local slaughter—houses. While
at present, much Michigan livestock
is shipped to packing—plants out-
side the state—to Chicago, Toledo
and Buffalo—Detroit stockyards and
packing“ plants have also received
large shipments and are doing an in-'
creasingly important business. In-
deed, as Detroit contains more than
a quarter of the population of Mich—

. igan it affords an important market

for many Michigan farm products.

The pioneers gathered sugar and
honey from the forest. Maple sugar
is still an important Michigan pro—
duct, sugar making time being one
of the high spots of the rural calen—

 

Ottawa

Newt‘own
(Grand Haven)

    
  

 

Van Buren as ‘

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ex,“

 

 

 

  

 

metal metal strip covering the
_ ‘ «horse-draw, vane at ﬁat.

      
 

no ﬁrst three run-om; hunt in Michigaiu
run-ning surface. and some of these roads

_All rails were of wood with a. '

 

 

~fruitgrowcrs have :1,

Agriculture  1

dar. The sugar-maple grows
throughout most of the two penin-
sulas and sugar making on the farm_
is equally distributed. The maple
sugar producers recently formed a
state association to further their in—
terests, and they are now distribut-
ing a portion of their syrup and
sugar through the Michigan State
Farm Bureau. Very much the same
remarks apply to the production of
honey. The unimproved cutover
lands of the northern section of the
state, through the abundance of the
nectar-yielding vegetation which
their carry, are becoming recognized
as very favorable to honey-produc—
tion and a beginning has been made
in this territory.

The abundance of the right kinds
of timber_ and iron, favored the early
growth of factories of the manufact—
ure of farm machinery, at ﬁrst, fan«
ning mills, corn planters, plows, etc.,
and more recently were added ve-
hicles, threshing—machines, hand-
mills, wire-fence, many kinds of im-
plements and tractors, while the-up—
per Peninsula contributes butter-\
bowls, clothes—pins, handles, and
stump—pullers.

 
  
     
   
      
 
       
     
   
    
       
   
  
  
   
   
    
   
   
    
  
   
   
   
     
   
     
  
  
   
  
  
    
   
  
  
   
  
   
    
  
  
    
  
 
  
  
   
   
   
       
   
  
    
      
    
 
    
    
   
   
 
    
   
 
   
 

Marketing

For many years Michigan farmers
marketed their products, each for
himself, as best he could. The re-
sults were not always proﬁtable. The
Grange was established in Michigan
in the early ’70’s and still later the
Ancient Order of Gleanors, both of
which have sought to improve mar-
ket conditions for the farmers. Later
still associations of farmers for the
purpose of marketing some particu—
lar crop—~such as potatoes, milk,
honey, livestock, sugar—beets, etc.,
—wcre formed, and some of these
have done a very large business
that of the Michigan Potato Grow—
ers Exchange amounting to several ,.
millions of dollars in a year. The
considerable
number of those selling organiza—
tions. This organizing movement
culminated in 1.919 with the estaly .
lishment of the Michigan State Farm
Bureau which grew Vcry rapidly and
now (1921i has ucarly 100,000
members. With and through its
county and local farm bureaus, it
handles seed, wool, grain. fertilizers,
forest products and other things
bought or sold by members; and it
serves as a sort of business clccrmg
house for the other farmers’ selling
organizations. There is a similar
national organization——the Ameri—
can Fnrm Bureau Fodcrntion~~witl1
which the State Farm Bureau is of—

 

ﬁliatcd. Local groups of farmers
have also established (to—operative-
stores, elevators, crcamcrics and
cheese factories, bull associations,
telephone and lighting companies,
and purchasing organizations for '
their mutual advantage. There are
state laws which permit and favor
such organizations. All this is
quite unlike the individualism of
the early period of Michigan rural
life.

Through the telephone, rural mail

service, automobile, and the inter--
urban, rural life has ceased to be
isolated. This easier contact with

the common life of the state and the
nation has stimulated rural thought
and made it more responsive to new
ideas. This may well prove one of
the most noteworthy aspects of the
agricultural revolution that the past
generations seems to have witness—
ed. Though laborious the farmers’
life appears to be, it is undoubtedly
much less laborious than it was be—
fore the invention of labor-saving
machinery relieved the husbandman
of much of 'the severest drudgery
OI his existence and elevated him to
the position of a business manager
requiring executive ability rather
than sheer brute force to gain re~
sults. This, too, has liberalized
thought and done much to relive
the farmer from the stigma of nar—
row conservatism that has some-
times attached to him. The stock
has always been sturdy and capable,

of growth but it has required great~

er breadth (and 'ileXibilityHOI mind. .
This‘ the development  the later- 

       
   
         
          
 
 
  
 
  

 
  
  

  
 

 

 

  

 
   

     


 

   

‘ A (Continued from Jan. .20 issue) ‘- ,
V  0 sooner had the idea; of, escape
  " .come to him than he had»acted.

Ithat he had

 

    

’ v A ﬂood 'of'light ﬁlled, the room as
his body crashed through the glass.
He heard a cry—a single shot—as he
struck the grouird. He" gathered
himself up and ran swiftly; Fifty
yards away he stopped, and looked
back. Quade and Rann were in the
window. Then they disappeared,
and a moment later the room was
.again in gloom. I

For the second time Aldous hur-
ried in the direction of MacDonald’s
camp. He knew that in spite of the
protecting curtain, the glass had cut
him. He felt the warm blood drip-
ping over his face; both hands were
wet with it. The arm on which he
received the blow from the unseen
object in the room gave him consid—
erable pain, and he had slightly
sprained an ankle in his leap through
the window, so that he limped a lit-
tle. ,But his mind was clear so
clear that in the face of his physical
discomfort he caught himself laugh-
ing once or twice as he made his
way along the trail.

Aldous was not of an ordinary
type. To a curious and superlative
degree he could appreciate a defeat
as well as a triumph. His adven-
tures had been a part of a life in
which he had not expected to win,
and in to—night’s game he admitted
been hopelessly and
ridiculously beaten. Tragedy, to him,
was a ﬁrst cousin to comedy; to-
night he had set out to kill, and, in—
stead of killing, he had run like a
jack-rabbit for cover. Also, in that
same half—hour Rann and Quade had
been sure of him, and he had given
them the surprise of their lives by
his catapultic disappearance through
the window. There was something
ludicrous about it allwsbmething
that, to him, at least, had turned a
possible tragedy into a very good
comedy-drama.

Nor was Aldous blind to the fact
that he had made-en utter fool of
himself, and that the consequences
of his indiscretion might prove ex-
tremely serious. Had he listened to
the conspirators without betraying
himself he would have possessed an
important advantage over them.
The knowledge he had gained from
overbearing their conversation would
have made it comparatively easy for
MacDonald and him to strike them
perhaps a fatal blow through the
half-breed DeBar. As the situation
stood now, he ﬁgured that Quade and
Culver Rann held the advantage.
Whatever they had planned to do
they would put 'into quick execution.
They would not lose a minute.

it was not for himself that Aldous
feared. Neither did he fear for Jo-
anne. Every drop of red ﬁghting
blood in him was ready for further
action, and he was determined that
Quade should ﬁnd no opportunity of
accomplisng any scheme he might
have against Joanne’s person. On
the other hand, unless they could
head off DeBar, he believed that
Culver Rann’s chances of reaching
the gold ahead of them would grow
better with the passing of each hour.
To protect Joanne from Quade he
must lose no time. MacDonald would
be in the same predicament, while
Rann, assisted by as many rascals of
his own colour as he chose to take
with him, would be free to carry out
the other part of the conspirators’
plans.

The longer he thought of the mess
he had stirred up the more roundly
Aldous cursed his imprudence. And
this mess, as he viewed it in these
cooler moments, was even less dis-
turbing than the thought of what
might have happened had he suc-
ceeded in his intention of killing
both Quade and Rann. Twenty
times as he made his way through
the darkness toward MacDonald’s
camp he told himself that he must
have been mad. To have killed Rann
or Quade in self-defence, or in open
ﬁght, would have been playing the
game with a shadow of mountain law
behind it. But he had invaded
Rann’s home. Had he killed them

 

vhe would have had but little more
excuse than a house—breaker or a .

suspicious husband might have had.
Tete Jaune would not countenance
cold—blooded shooting, even of crim-
inals. He should have taken old
Donald’s advice and“ waited until
they were in the mOuntains.-4* An un-

- rmeasant chill ran through himas he
, ‘ , at ’11

awe of: ms

  
  

 

 

Them..th we

 

in.

By James Olivei‘CtlerOd

Michigan’s Own and America’shFormost Author of the Great Naming!

/

(Copyright by James Oliver Cut-wood

 

 

SYNOPSIS ‘ .

Cache. the home of .“The Horde." where she has no friends and all will be k A

JOANNE GRAY is one of the passengers on the train bound for Tete Jaime

strange to "her. .The train stops at a town composed of several tents,, she

goes in search of food and a bath.

She is directed to “Bill's Shack" and

here she meets Bill Quade. who not only owns and operates “Bill’s Shack” but

is also leader of the lawless men of the town.

Quade says he has a room she

can rent and that he will show it to her.“ As they pass out of the room a

newcomer enters the doorway leading off. the street.
He sees the strange girl enter the place and

Aldous, a. well known- novelist.

The newcomer is John

bi”iGVes she has made a mistake and as he stands in the doorway his eyes

rest upon the curtained doorway through which they have passed.
moment the girl steps out. face ﬂaming and eyes flashing.
He starts to offer the girl money but before he can do so

her apologeticaIIY.

Aldous steps to the girl’s side and ﬂoors Quade with a terriﬁc blow.
hurries the girl away from the scene to the home of friends.

In but a
Quade follows

Aldous
Joanne tells

Aldous she is going to Tete Jaune to ﬁnd her husband, Mortimer Fitzﬂugh.
Aldous decides to go with her to protect her from Quade and his partner

Culver Rann.
clares he has seen the grave.

Aldous believes FitZangh is dead and locates a friend who do—
Upon their arrival at Tote Jaime they are

met by friends of Aldous. the Blacktons. at whose place they are to stay dur-
ing their stop. Aldous visits an old friend, Donald MacDonald and then strolls

about town.
Rann’s home. He spys upon them.

He is on the lookout for Quade and Rann and ﬁnds them at

 

 

To the surprise,
arrived at the camp in the thickly
timbered coulee. He was preparing
a midnight cup of coffee over a ﬁre
that was burning cheerfully between
two big rocks. Purposely Aldous
stepped out into the full illumination
of it. The old hunter looked up.
For a moment he stared into the
blood—smeared face of his friend;
then he sprang to his feet, and
caught him by the arm.

“Yes, I got it.” nodded Aldous
cheerfully. “I went out for it, Mac,
and I got it! Get your emergency
kit, will you? I rather fancy I need
a little patching up.”

MacDonald uttered not a word.
From the balsam lean—to he brought
out a small rubber bag and a towel.
Into a canvas wash-basin he then
turned a half pail of cold water, and
Alodus got on his knees beside this.
Not once did the old mountaineer
speak while he was washing the
blood from Aldous’ face and hands.
There was a shallow two-inch cut in
his forehead, two deeper ones in his
right cheek, and a gouge in his chin.
There were a dozen cuts on his
hands, none of them serious. Be-

fore he had ﬁnished MacDonald had'

used two thirds of a roll of court-
plaster. ‘

Then he spoke.

“You can soak them off in the
morning,” he said. “If you don’t,
the lady’ll think yo’re a red Indian
on thewarpath. Now, yo’ fool what
have yo’ gone and done?”

Aldous told him what had hap-
peiied,,and before MacDonald could
utter ‘ an excusable idiot and
that nothing MacDonald might say
Could drive the fact deeper home.

“If I’d come out after hearing

whatthey had to say, we could have"

got DeBar at the end of a gun and
settled the whole business,” he ﬁn-

ished. “As it is, we’re in a mess.”
MacDonald stretched his gaunt
frame before the ﬁre. He picked.

up his long riﬂe, and fingered the
look.

“You ﬁgger they’ll get away with
DeBar?” I

“Yes, to-night.”

MacDonald threw open the breech
of his single—loader and drew out a
cartridge as long as his ﬁnger. Re—
placing it, he snapped the breech
shut.

“Don’t know as Il’m pertic’lar sad
over what’s happened,” he said, with
a curious look at Aldous. “We
might have got .out of this without
what you call strenu’ 1s trouble.
Now—it’s ﬁght! It’s, goin’ to be a.
matter of guns an’ bullets,rJohnnyA——
back in the mountains an’ the snake
~ of a half-breed’ll get the start of us.
Let ’em have a start! They’vegot
tWo hundred miles to go, an’ two
hundred miles to comeback. Only
——-they won‘t come backl”: ,

Underhis shaggy brows the old
hunter’s eyes gleamed as he looked
at Aldous.‘ , »

“To-morrow we’ll .go to the
grave.” he added.~ “Yoire cur’ous to
know what’s goin to happen when we
ﬁnd that grave; Johnny. So am I.
I hope—~” _ ._
“What do you hope?”
‘MacDenald shook his great gray
head in th' dying firefight. , , .

“Let's. g'pto ed, Johnny,” he

50

John Aldous '
found MacDonald awake when he.

 
  

CHAPTER XIV

To sleep after theﬁ‘excitement
through which he had passed, and
with to-morrow’s uncertainties ahead
of him, seemed to Aldous a physical
impossibility. Yet he slept, and
soundly. It was MacDonald who
roused him three hours later. They
prepared a quick breakfast over a

small ﬁre, and ‘Aldous heated water
.in which he soaked his face until the

strips of court—plaster peeled off.
The scratches were lividly evident,
but inasmuch ‘as he had a choice of
but two evils, he preferred that Jo-
anne should see these instead of the
abominable disﬁgurement of the
court—plaster strips.

Old Donald took one look at him
through half-closed eyes.

“You look as though you’d come
out of a tussle with a grizzily,” he
grinned. “Want some fresh court—
plaster?”

“And look as though I’d come out
of a circus—~no!” retorted Aldous.
“I’m invited to breakfast at the
Blackton’s, Mac. How the devil am
I going to get out of it?”

“Tell ’_em you’re sick,” chuckled
the old hunter, who saw something
funny in the appearance of Aldous’
face. “Good Lord, how I’d like to
have seen you come through that
window—in daylight!” ‘

Aldous led off in the direction of
the trail. MacDonald followed close
behind him. It was dark—that almost

ebon—black hour that precedes sum-‘

mer dawn in the northern mountains.
The moon had long ago disappeared
in the west. When a few minutes
later they paused in the little open—
ing on the trail Aldous could just
make out the shadowy form of the
old mountaineer.

“I' lost my gun when I jumped
through the window, Mac,” he ex-
plained. “There’s another thirty-
eight automatic in my kit at the cor-
ral. Bring that, and the .303 with
the gold bead sight—and plenty of

ammunition. You’d better take that
forty—four hip—cannon of, yours,
along, as Well as your riﬂe. Wish

I could civilize you, Mac, so you’d
carry one of the Savage automatics
instead of that old brain—storm of
ﬁfty years ago!”

MacDonald gave a grunt of dis-
gust that was like the‘whoof of a
bear.

“It’s done business all that time,”
he growled good humouredly. “An’

it ain’t ever made me jump through

any window as I remember of,
Johnny!” '

“Enough,” said Aldous, and in the
gloom he gripped the other’s hand.
“You’ll be there, Mac—in front of
tho Blacktons’—-just as it’s growing
light?”

“That means in three quarters of
an hour, Johnny. I’ll be the‘re.

"Three saddlehorses and a pack.”
Where the trail divided they sep-_

arated. ' Aldous went directly to the.

In the kitchen he Saw :,

Blacktons’. I
Tom, the Oriental cook, busy ~prepar-
ing breakfast. Blackton himself,
comfortably dressed in duck trousers
and a smoking-jacket, and puﬂing on
a pipe, opened the door for him.
The pipe almost fell from his mouth
when. he saw his friend’s excoriated
face. , ,1 ' . . \.

“What in the name of

is

e m:

man?

  
 

 
  

‘ ' Sivny'd‘accident‘,’~?}5 explai

  

Q.

ladies anything you 'can think o'fe-
something reasonable. The truth is,
I went through-a window—fa window
with‘plenty of glass in it. Now how
the deuce ‘ can '\I explain goin'
through a window like a gentl -
man?“ ' -

rWith folded arms, Blackton in-

spected him thoughtfully for a mom-. . 

ent.

“You can’t,” »he said. , .“But ’I
don’t thing you went‘through a win-
dow. I believe you fell over 'a cliff
and were caught in '.an armful of
wait—a-bit bushes. They’re'devilish
those waits—bits!”

They shook hands.

“I’m ready to blow up with curi-
osity again,” said Blackton. “But
I’ll play your game, Aldous.”

A few minutes later Joanne and
Peggy’Blackton joined them. He saw
again the quick ﬂush of pleasure in
Joanne’s lovely face when she enter-
ed the room.
when 'she saw the livid cuts'in his
skin. She came to him quickly, and
gave him her hand. Her lips trem-
bled, but she did not speak. Black-
ton accepted this asthe psychologi—
cal moment. ,

“What do you think of a man who ‘

will wander off a trail, tumble over
a ledge, and get mixed up in- a bunch

of wait—a-bit like that? ” he de-.

manded, laughing as though he
thought it a mighty good joke on
Aldous.' “Wait-a—bit thorns are
worse than razors, Miss Gray,” he

elucidated further. “They’re per-
fectly devilish, you know!”
“Indeed they are.” emph'aVsized

Peggy Blackton, whom her husband

had given a quick look and a quicker »

nudge. “They’re dreadful!”

Looking straight into Joanne’s
eyes, Aldous guessed that she did
not believe, and scarcely heard,‘ the
Blacktons.

“I had a presentment something.

was going to happen,” she said, smil—
ing. at him. “I’m glad it was no
worse than that.” '

She withdrew her hand, and turn-
ed to Peggy Blackton. To John’s
delightgshe had arranged her wond—

‘ erful shining hair in a braid that

rippled in a thick, sinuous rope of
brown and gold below her hips.
Peggy Blacton had in some way
found a riding outﬁt for her slender
ﬁgure, a typical mountain outﬁt,
with short divided skirt, loose blouse,
and leggings. She had never looked
more beautiful to him. Her night’s
rest had restored the color to her
soft cheeks and curved lips; and in
her eyes when she looked at him
again, there was a strange, glowing
light that thrilled him. During the
next half-hour he almost forgot his
telltale disﬁgurements. At breakfast
Paul and Peggy Blackton were
beautifully oblivious of them. .Once
or twice he saw in Joanne’s clear
eyes a look which made him suspect
that she had guessed very near to
the truth.

MacDonald was prompt to the
minute. Gray day, with its bars of
golden tint, was just creeping over
the shoulders of the eastern mount-
ains when he rode up to the Black-
tons’. The old hunter was standing
close to the horse which Joanne was
to ride when Aldous brought her
out. Joanne gave him her hand,
and for a moment MacDonald bow-
ed his shaggy head over it. Five
minutes later they were trailing up
the rough wagon—road, MacDonald
in the lead, and Joanne and Aldous
behind, with the single pack—horse
between. .

For several miles this wagon—trail
reached back through the thick
timber that ﬁlled the bottom be-
tween the two ranges of mountains.
They had travelled but a short‘ dis-
tance when Joanne drew her horse
close in beside Aldous. "

. “I want to ,know what happened
last night,” she said’.‘ “Will you
tell me?” ». ’

Aldous met her eyes frankly. He
had ,made .up. ~his~mind5that she

would believe only the truth, and he

had decide-d to tell her at'least a
part/ of that... He. would, lay his

whole misadventure to the gold..

Leaning over the poinzmel ofhis sad-
(118 ‘he recounted the occuregices‘ of
the night her re. beginning “With ‘

38.8: 93‘ Q.

5 ‘54 7 . Aldous,
wit 1, a suggestive; Shrug or his shouts.
'ers. ~.;'_,‘B‘}ackton, I~~-want. you .to’do" ',
me another.’ good turn. Tell the“

It changed instantlyr

 
  

 

       

 

 

 


 

  

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In“ J

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ill/01x ’

  

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ORDER NOW!

Exquisiter ‘
Embroidered
Gabardine

Dress

$233

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by No. 96E5528.

Send no money.
Pay $2.98 and post-
age on arrival.

Women’s Felt

- Moccasins

Fine grade wool felt with com!
bination insert of fawn. Order

 

 

 

 

Sizes 3 to 8.

   

age on ar-
rival.

Men’s

All Rubber
Arctics

$29

State Size
11 a. r a n t e e d
beebtb quality all

seems re-

inforced.

 

value. Send "ui'clf. O'l'liel‘ by NO-
greAglgg/hl-Send no money. [gay $2.48 and postage
W dhnglNg’ AND BOYS’ STORM BOOTS

_on e u i-Cut Sto Boots f -
héde leather, debsoluteIl-Iii1 barmaid sgigoifoviiiuiiiiie

  

counters ; dirt-ex-
Cludmlz be 1 l o w s
tongues. . Sizes. to

2. Wd
Order 9 In. Men’s
b No. 16 .
Send no money.
Pay $ - an
postage on arrival.
State sze.
0 9" bow sizes.

1": s:

2.38. ./" by "9'
rder little be 3'
all“! 9 l0 

by No.
Price $1
no in

 

f 16-in. cowhide bl-cut
ﬁmeynig  W'de widths. Order b

     

i V
{y ﬁnd. no money. Pay $4.88 and post-

 

 

 

bl

NE”. 7 7* E
\

~

-~

  

g a

31'.

' ' v

I

gall/i7

-——-='$ ”’
I==>> ' //

Qﬁi

 

 

and address plainly toaveld delay.
gain price and postage.
‘ money will be cheerfully refunded.

Just letter or postcard brings you any of these smashed

rice bargains.
Also state size and wr to your name

 

 

Women’s Stitch-
Down Oxfords

$122}

SEND
NO MONEY

 
 
  
     
  

  

Classy stitchdown
Oxford for women.
Wonderfully coin-
fortaliie and stylish.
Uppors of dark ma-
hogany lo a t h e _r.
Smooth leather in-
soles. Flexible
Low rubber heels. Sizes
Order by No. 96A288.
$1.98 and postage on

Give Size
etitehdown
0% to

oak outsoles.
8. W'ide widths.
money. Pay orﬂy

Send no
arrival.
Order similar style patent leather by No. 96A-
264. Pay $2.98 and postage on arrival.

   
    

Women’s Black Patent
Gun Metal or Brown -
Calf Finish Leather

slag

CHOICE
OF THREE
LEATHERS

Made with imitation shield tip and medallion
perforated vamp, perforated lace stay and Circular
foxing. Hus medium rubber heel and medium
)inted toe. Sizes 2%; to 8. wide widths. Order
atent by No. 96A64. Order Gunmetal by No.
96A69. Order Brown by No. 96A10 Send no
money. Pay $1.98 and postage on arrival.

GUARANTEED

For six months’ wear

U. 5. Army
Work Shoe

$22§

State
Size‘
Send no money.
Men! Don't lose a moment in ordering this won-
derful brown work shoe, It is made 0 leather as

near waterproof as can made—solid leather
through and thmugh with. full grain leather up<
pers guaranteed to wear SIX months. Easin worth
$5.00. Two full, heavy double soles, sewed and
nailed for greater strength. Extra wide, full leath-
er counter, .riveted to prevent ripping. Sizes 7 to
11, Wide the. Order by No. 9611699. Send no
money. Pay $2.98 and postage on arrival.

Boy’s Guaranteed Shoes

Six mouths' .mntee. Two full agreen chrome
leather soles. olid leather heels. M e on Munsey
type arm _ last. Bamglard acid‘pmof. Solid leather
.nsoles. med .1 to 3“. Wide widths. State size
wanted. Sendv no money. Order by No. 96A550.
Pay $2.69 and postage on arrival.

 

" Rich Black

       

Sateen

Aprons
$122

The material is
an excellent
soft, lustrous
black sateen With col-
lar, enll's' and pm-keis
of good grade funny
cretoiine. Pockets am
novelty .basket de-
sign With appllqno
ﬂower bl'llllnl‘lng. The
same effeCi; is carried
out on one side of the
waist. A full cut, com-
fortable garment which
IS JilSl’ the thing for
morning wear at home.
Designed. with wide
self-innterial sash belt
all around Big value.
Order by No. 96E-
5098. Send no money.
Pay $1.79. and post-
age on arrival. Money
back If not satisﬁed.

Women’s Genuine

Kid Hi-Cut Boot

 
    
  
  
    
   
  
   
   
 
 
 
 
  
   

Send for this hand-
some rich kidskin
shoe. Note the inedi—
um. toes with pretty
mutation perfointed
tips, the perforation
around vamp and on

co stays. Very pop—
ular model and real-
13 a. sensational
bargain. now. liur-

ab 0 , exi lo
soles Sizes 2%

to ' 8.
widths.

Order by
No. 96A122.
Pay $2.29 and

postage on arrival.

Patent Leather or
Brown Caif Fir-
isbed Oxfords

Give size.

This smart pumg in sizes 2% to 8. In black
patent leather or rmvn gulf ﬁnish—a. stunning one-
strap model With imitation shield tin and niean-
efloeiively perforated. Has medium rubber
_ , Order patent leather by No. 96A12. Order
brown calf ﬁnish by No. 96A73. Send no money.
Pay $1.98 and postage on arrival.

Men’s Boots

     
    
  

Men’s pure gum hip
boots; friction lined;

vv ( orrugated sole
and heel 7

_ ' ~; to 14.
W_Vide Widths. No half

BIZ

 0329—8

Order b} N .
A948. yseng

  
 
 

state Size

  
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
    
 
 
  
   
   
       

“Stylish Stout” ‘
Gabardine Dress 50'

$

\Voinen of large
ﬁgure will see in
this new model
their ideal dress
This is a. special
design. planned to
give long, slender- /
ing line to shout I}.
ﬁgures. N o t e [E

how the collar,
rovers and pan-
els carry out
the long: effect.
Note. too, the _.
attractive em- .j
broidei'y o ni
sleeves.

vesteeii f
and panels. The a
set - material

2“:

       
     
  
     
  
    
 
  
   
   
 

to 53. In three
popular shades.

Order Navy by No.
96E5470. Order
Black by No. 96-
E5471. 0 r d e r
Brown by No. 96-
E5472. Send no
money. Pay $3.98
and postage} for
any color on arriv-
al. State size.

     

One-Buckle
Arctic.

or the Family ,

     
     
 
    
   
       

GIVE
SIZE

Ilenvy e’islimorette snow-poof o '

_ .. , I p. Genuine gum
rubber bottoms; heavy Single soleS' ace
112131; sizes for all the family. ’ fun ﬂe "

  
   
      
      
 
      

  

/

          
  

      
    

  
  
 

rder Mlsses’ size, to 2 b
Price 99c. Order seize: 2?}: ":3. filed? ‘
$335969. Price $ Order Youth’s size, 9 td
/2, by No rice $1.19. Order Bo 8

’ ' 96A961. Prlce 1.2 . '
MenBs sue, 6 to 12, by No. 96A966? Prize stile?
Pay arga n‘ Price and tage on arrival. State slze.

    

  
      
     
 
 
 
 
 
  
         
 
    

Brand new
Standard Tires
GUARANTEED

7 6,000 Miles

        
      
   
       
   
 
 
 
 

         
      
 

 

         
 

  

Fresh stock of heavy, non-skid tires of live rubber...
Generously oversize. 6,000 guaranteed, but often‘
give 8,000 to 10,000 miles. Choice of non_-ek1d or
rilitread in 30x3 Size. Others are non—skid. PI!
only bargain price listed below and postage on or- i
rival, add 390 for Rostage on cash orders.

ARG IN PRICE LIST
96D4041—30x3 ‘

0. 9604041—1IOX3V2
No. 9604042—,—.i2

    
  

         
  

   

 
  
 

 

 
       
       
     
    
 

 

   

 

 

 

 

  

 
  
 
  
   
   
   

No. 9604043—«l1
No. 96D4 44 i '.
No 9604045— I .
hi0. 96D404S x4 ... . . . . . .
3‘000 mile Garantee ‘ V
SHAROO S JUNIOR CORD, 30x

Same sturdy coiistruction_ as regular eord but not
ovorsized. A wonder SUil‘YlCe tire for Words. 0M0;
by No. 9604091}. Send no money. Pay. only 88.1
andh posdtage on arrival, add..49o10r postage on.
cas or ers. ' ~' ._
GUARANTEED INNER T. E8 ;
Now is your olinnceio buy extm. thickuhve rubbeni
inner tubes at a big sevmg. Dent Wait for 3;
prices go up. _ How many ehell we -sendi 1
size wanted. No money now. Pa‘ only be i .
price and postage on arrival, add 00 for m

°” “8" PRICE LIST

 
  

 

      
 
 
 
 

 
  
 

   
 

     

   

'No. '~-----e..eoeeeee
No. & ..............
No. 2 ..ao-eeoeeeeee
NO. eeeeteeeloIeIOIo-Q
No’_ ...-ne'eeeeeee0‘0*
"0, .............c.
0. .....

 

 
 

 ‘ strand .

 ll.
‘1 OI

     
 


 
  
     
    

  
 
  

\/

Square Deal ,
 ,Fence

Farmers who know how to save
-'money buy Square Deal Fence
land get the many years of extra
isew-ice Square Deal gives. Stiff,
,picket— like stay wires make
‘ fewer posts necessary; Wavy or '
‘crirnped strand wires provide .
springiness and keep the fence
:‘tight and trim; the famous
Square Deal Knot holds stay
and strand wires in a vise-like
grip without cutting, breaking
Or slipping; extra heavy galvanizing
prev'ents rust and insures longest wear.

 To Land ,

Owners

Ropp’s New Calculator~ ,
the most valuable farm ‘
book ever published. In—
stantly ﬁgures the cash '?
value of your crops; capac-
ity of cribs, bins, silos,
bams;answers75,000farm '
problems; prevents errors- '
saves ﬁguring; every lan
owner needs Ropp’s Cal-
culator daily. Wrileforit. .
Post card will do. Send no 
postage. Get this 50c book .
and Square Deal catalog.
Merely mention on card
when you expect to buy
more woven wire fence.

KEYSTONE STEEL & wm co. '
4818 Industrial St., Peoria, Ill. '

I

pegs-[4.12;er .. _
,.

1,..i.,,‘....9.5 ‘  ‘1;

.011

mill-'v Qil‘A-sxt‘
‘ El ‘ l M;

,9...

& NOW SOLD DIRECT

From FAGTORV in FARM

Neiserless direct-from-factory
selling plan cuts prices on highest
quality Fonca, Gates, Steel Posts,
Baerlra,Palnta and Roofing; Prices
be in at 17¢: per rodl Think of it! eerless
on ity, famous for 25 years, luaranteas your
udd‘cnéllr: 104-wa book of Peerless Factory-to—you

bargains in now ready. Don’t buy until you com— ‘

are Peerless pricesnnd quality with others. See w at l’e‘er-
ﬁiss quality maansl Note the enormous  in'PR‘I'Cls.
L 58 "IR! ‘ FE Cl. CO. 00 t, ava an . .
:a‘c‘tokrlfa at Glands-d. (Yb-o: hurl-nib»... Momphlsﬂ'ann.

    
  
 

   
 
   
   
  
  
  
  
   

   
 

  

      
   
   
     
         
        

   
         
   
   
   
     
     
     
     
     
      
   
       
   
   

 
  
  

   
 

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Hint-RUN.) }

   
    
   
    
  

AGOOD LIVE HUSTLER WITH CAR can
' easily make 3200 to $300 per month sell-
.ln‘ Heberling's medicines. pure ﬂavoring extracts.
spices. toilet articles, stock powder. dip, etcw direct to
consumer'- In your county. Every home a real proo-
gcct for our attractive lineot household necessrties.
. tesdy repeats. ge profits. No experience or cap-
Iial required. e teach you and furnish you stock of
goods on credit. Youwsy as you get paid. Exclusive
protected territory. rite today for free particulars. {

Harcourt: MEDICINE
nope. G

  

& EXTRACT C0.
BLOOHING’I‘ON, ILL. ,

 

 

 

-— Good — $9
Magazines

Woman’s World, (Monthly)  Price

Good Stories, «carpi
America) Woman, 
The Household, (Monthly)
The Fstoiirnsl, (M 
., AM" Bill ' doe-We  

~ . . Session  so 1.;  at up
 ‘Whltlock as Summerhan'

  “KITSEUIAN FENCE,
   on n
.. k f ’

  
  
    

 

  

MM." saer Wm. ,
‘ ,too,‘ca‘n save.
, up to ~ ‘
1mm

.. “Section 2,

 
 

 

    

Iii-Eh

 

WEEDS AND BRUSH ALONG
/ HIGHWAY '

I own a farm in Saginaw Town-
ship and my land runs up to the
township line between Kotchvllle
and Saginaw townships. There is
brush along the road that has been
there for years and the Kotchville
road commissioner has ordered me to
cut all the brush from my fence to
the center of the road. It is Kotch-
ville’s end of the road to keep up. I
just took possession of the farm last
March and it doesn’t seem fair to
make one man out it with several of
the neighbors just as bad as mine if
not worse. Will you please let me
know if I must cut all the brush
without any pay or print the law
about cutting brush along the high-
way.

think the service and market pages
are worth the price of the paper
alone—H. C. H., Saginaw, Mich.

of Chapter 24 of the
General Highway Law imposes the
duty of cutting all brush and weeds
within the limits of the highway up-
on the Overseer and Commissioner
of Highways of the various town-
ships.

Section 10 of the same chapter
imposes the duty on the Prosecuting
attorney of the county to prosecute
all violations of the provisions of the
above section of the statute—State
Highway Department.

FORECLOSING

, We purchased afarm Nov. 8, 1919,
and it called for $200 and interest a
year. We have only paid the inter-
est in the last two falls. We are let-
ting tlrem foreclose and last year we
didn’t pay the taxes either nor this
year. Now what I want to know is
this: Can we hold possession? That
is put in crops and take them off, and
not live there. I know they can’t put
us off for 15 months after default of
payment of interest. We bought on
a mortgage. But we want to know
if we can hold possession and not live
a there and can they make us pay last
year’s taxes?—L. W. H., Vassar,
Mich.

~—The mortgagor has the right of
possession whether he lives on the
property or not until the expiration
of the equity of redemption, which
is one year from date of sale. He
does not need to live on the premises
to make one who interferes with his
possession a trespasser. He might
think today that he would quit but
change his mind before the time is up
and arrange to keep the place. He
may suddenly ﬁnd the land to be val-
uable. If the taxes were assessed to
the mortgagor, personally, and he
has any personal property from
which the tOWn treasurer could col-
lect the tax he must lose or make
himself personally liable to the mort-
gagee who might have to pay the tax
if the property was returned on the
land—Legal Editor. ,

 

CONDEMN RELIGION IN SCHOOL

15 it lawful for a district school
teacher to condemn or molest, in
any way a faith, or religion or any
part thereof during school hours?—

A Reader, Durand, Michigan.

HA district school teacher does not
have the right to condemn or molest
in any way any religion or any re—
ligious faith during school hours.—
G. N. Otwcll, Department of Public
Instruction. >

KU ,KLUX KLAN ‘

Will you kindly inform me thru
your valuable paper what the Ku
Klux Klan is? What their laws, if
any, are, gwhat their society stands
for? This will be‘veryémuch ap-
preciated. Are there any Klansmen
in ‘Michigan?~—-—Mw. ’A. 8., Curtis-

" ville, Michigan.

——The Ku Klux Klan, a secret or-
ganization, was founded at FoluSki,
Tennessee in 18'66._ It wasformed
originally for purposes of amuwment
only but soon after developed into
an association of “regulators,” and
became notoriousqfor deodorMWiOI-
once. "The  proceedings of

  
 

  

 

  

i 7‘ vs

 

aim:- was in»: the Sour,“
1 yam»- ;  

(A bloat-Ins Department for farmers' ovary dasitr'oubm. Prompt. careful motion
all complaints or mom for Information addro nod to this We no
7 you. All Inquiries must be accompanied by full n am. and address. lama not use! If so

‘mrinciples was made.

I like the M. B. F., very much and].

‘ the Ku'

 ,5

 
  
   

.... n:

ma.)

/
struggle to withold from the eman-
cipated slayes the right of voting.
At a convention held in 1867 in
Nashville, a positive declaration of
It was in the
following terms, in effect: »

,“We recognize our relations to the;
United States Government; the sup-
remacy of the Constitution; the
union of the states thereunder.”
They deﬁned the objects of the order
as follows: ’

1. To protect the weak, theinno— ‘

cent and the defenseless” from the
indignities, wrongs and outrages of
the lawless; to succor the suffering
and especially the widows and orph-
ans of the Confederate soldiers. To
protect and defend the constitution

of the United States and all IaWs 

passed in conformity thereto, and to
protect the States and people form
invasion from any source whatsoever.
To aid and assist in the execution of
all constitutional laws. The Klan
was disbanded in 1869 but has since
been re—Organized, and is claimed to
have. members in every state in the
Union, from Maine to California.

LET LOCAL PERSON JUDGE.

What division is customary when
one rents a farm, and furnishes
everything, that is, seed, tools and
horses. The renter thinks he would
be a. fool to husk my share of the
corn.——E. M. L., Mt. Pleasant, Mich.

——If there was nothing said in the'
lease about what work was to be
done I would be of the opinion that
the taking of land on shares pr per-
centage contemplates that the renter
should do all the work usual in farm-
ing and deliver the proceeds in pro-
per shape. The amount given the
renter under; the circumstances re—
lated by would depend upon the 10-
cality in which the property is situ-
ated. Some land might be Worth
$500 per acre and other only $50
and it would hardly be fair ‘to class
the high priced land with that of
less value. It would be fairer to
take the opinion of those acquainted
with the premises in the locality:—
Legal Editor.

DUTIES OF COUNTY SCHOOL
COMMISSIONER
What are the duties of a County
SchoOl Commissioner, and are there
any State, County or District School
inspectors?——J. S., Toivola, Mich.

.The county school commissioner
is the chief eduational ofﬁcer in the
county. The following are some of
his legal duties: «

(a) To conduct all teachers ex—
aminations and 8th grade examina-
tions. .\ -

(b) To visit each school inhis
county at least once a year,

(c) To inspect, and, require cor—
rection if necessary or the annual
reports of the several school boards.

((1) To advise with boards of ed—
ucation concerning buildings, equip-
ment, sanitation, etc.

(9) To advise with teachers con-
cerning methods of inStruction, con—
trol, community ativities, etc.

7(f) To cooperate with village
and state superintendent of schools
concerning the conduct and develop-
ment of grade schools.

(g) To act as assistant conduct-
or of all teachers’ institutes held in
the county.

.(h) To do all things possible
that will improve educational con-
ditions and methods within his
county, and to co-operat‘e with all
forces directly or‘indirectly related
to education. ~' ,

There are no state or county school
inspectors in Michigan. That term
is not used in Michigan lam—W.
H. French, Director Vocational train-
ing, M. A. C. ~ ‘ _

MUST PAY ASSESSMENT

I wish to know ‘if a land owner
who does not sign a petitionpfor a
trunk line road which is to be built
where his farm is situated, can be
compelled “to pay the special tax
that will be levied against his land.
Any informatioa'you can civil. union

 

    

       

9;;

this will/"be. ;  on-” _ static-A-
Huberoaswenﬁgifn " v   

1__..

-j;'—-«--~--»~-_-—-—-- homo with light—saw

 

 
  
   
   
    

3’“:in

- Assistedle
offer sMCandi
hunting:

       
 
   
    
  
  
     
  

. ,h' on
m§n
ma rtoreh. mm to” '
ggk:3%6Qllalhi “WES
“twain-Motor.

 
 

- . or Electric!
gluten lighteni- ' 'Ie_‘ .

  
    
 

    

fa-
a—you can

    
 
  
 

  
 
 

 

    

absolutely um .39
it n‘fsido down. Got ,0! . ~-
dru at,“ ' ’ r—
last a NRA -ﬁ your

 

 
  
     
  
  
 

M roar-eyes. \ H   L-
. 15 Days Trial   ' _
Absolute satisfaction arantaed. I! ' . '

you don't like it. Ian it back. Our
money—back guarantee protects you—

no tape.

0 d f r. -
Write Today $51.2“: 8.. v

troductor! offer on EE Lsn- ,
tern and agency proposition, also
a  asset attics”
‘ an ma.
2 i Act New?" ‘

KN. Gar LIGHT co.
I in. sap; Chicago. in.

 

 

 

 

The Syracuse Grape and Berry Hoe
is the best tool ever [designed for culture

of. grapes and berries. Kills weeds and
stirs up 3011 under vines and close to
roots so that air and plant food are
available. Easily 'ded in and out"
around Boats and Vines. Blade revers-
ible to t row soil to or from vines. Cul—
tivator attachment extra. Sold by John
Dies-ix dealers.

E BOOK. Write tod “for
booklet describing this imglean’iont.
Address John Deere Mo no. 111.,
_ and an: roi- Booklet on 33. g
| i

J 

Wannmtimuzndmuan til-£13233

FISHER FOLKS <

enjoy robustness and live 3
until ripe old age. They ~ ‘
know the value of cod-liver
oil and its, importance as a
factor of diet and health.

unit’s Emulsion

should be taken regularly I

 during a time of
‘ ' weakness as a means
of helping to nourish
the body and to
 build up the powers
of resistance tonarmal.

Scott & Bowne, Bloomﬁeld. N. J . 22-49
0 iii Why to S agar

_ (f iirdniiSmole
 . "1 "tin  

 

 

   

    
   

 

    
         
   
         
   
    

          
       
   
 

   
 
 

  
  
 

       

              
         
 
   
 

   
   

  

          
   
  
 

 

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. Leo 

   

  

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__‘

m  _ it as
as. at blished hr tilts?”

cddrtling togbeneﬂts received and 'a
_ owner having property ‘
with the district would be "obliged
to pay his assessment whether he

had signed the petition or not.
  j _ Under the/assessment district plan .,
N ,only 61 per cent of those having

property abutting upon the highway
are required. to sign the petition in
order to give the Commissioner au—
thority to proceed under the petition
in- establishing an assessment dis~
trictr'and building the-road as de-
scribed in the petition. In case the
road is built under the trunk liner
act and not under the assessment
district plan then there would be no
special assessment for any abutting
property owners—H. H. Partlaw,
LegalAdviser, State Highway Dept.

 

~ TAX EMPTION 0F SPANISH-
AMIERICAN WAR VETERAN
I understand that all ex~soldiers
oi, the Spanish—American War are
exempted born taxes and am in-
formed that you can give me in»

‘ structions so I can obtain this ex-

emption—0. W. 11., Detroit, Mich.

—-—All real estate to the value of
$1,000 used and owned by any
soldier or sailor who served three
months or more during the Span-
ish-American War is exempt from

icnch

SEEDING FOB HAY

I have ﬁve acres of land that I
wish to seed for bay. The land is
high, dry and is weak light sand.
Please tell me what kind of grass
seed is best fit for it? The reasons
for seeding is because the land has
been. cropped so long it needs to be
built up. The seed} wish to plant
is for to build up the ground and
produce hay as well. I shall have
ﬁve acres 1 wish to seed also, which
is low and Wet. Hope you can sug-
gest to me the proper kind of seed to
sow. when and what to sow with it.
——R. 8., Star Route.

-—If you desire a crop that may be
made into hay this coming summer
We believe you 'will ﬁnd soybeans
betteradopted to the light soil than
any other crop. The Manchu. Ito
San and Black Eyebrow are the lead-
ing varieties for Michigan conditions.
They should be sowu on well pre-
pared seed bed at the rate of from
thirty to thirty-ﬁve pounds of‘seed
per acre, when sown in twenty-eight
to thirty—two inch rows, and from

' eighty, to ninety pounds of seed per

acre when drilled solid. Soybeans
may be sown from May 15th to June
10th:

Soybeans are more resistent to soil
acidity than any other leguminous
crop" adapted to'Michigan conditions.

If a premanent amp is desired, it
would be advisable to lime_the soil
and either seed sweet clover or a
mixture of Mammoth clover, June
clover, orchard grass and Kentucky
blue grass.

0n the low, wet land would recom-
mend seeding a mixture of red top,
timothy, alsike clover With a small
amount of June clover.——C. R. Me—
gee, Farm Crops Dept., M. A. C.

SUDAN GRASS
I would like some information re-

" garding Sudan grass. Where can I

get the seed? What is the price of
it? How much per acreshould be
sown? Would it do well on light
gravelly soil? Can it be cut for hay?»
Or is it for pasture? What time in
the spring should it be sewn“! Is it,

anything like quack grass, or“ can

it be exterminated'like other grass?

, Sudan grass may be used quite
successfully for either hay or 'pas—
ture. It is practically the» only crop...
that cénbe sown the latter part of:
May and produce pasture for horses
and cattle the, same season as sown.,
A‘s»: hay'crop it has about the same
leﬂinl amine as timbthy. The yield'

 "usu'siiyzrunalrom tWoto tour tons

of)":  7 'acre; -  . H
H  should be sown about
’ " ’ TL-of' May at the rate of

 recur-ﬁve pounds .91

.1?“

 

y. commune teammate 5 '1 i
' retary of Static.

, spring.

 
 

it h"  only toythe amount of

such mm;.~‘-Charies*.1: Behind. See.

   

.a

TANNING FUR BELTS
Through the M. B. Fuplease ad-

vise me how I can tan raw muskrat
and weasel hides?——-—H. R., Bad Axe,

 

‘ Mich.

——-F‘leash the skin or skins carefully.
Weasel pelts it properly skinned will

need but little, if any fleshing. Soak :

them two to six hours in the follow-
ing liquor: Four'gallons of cold,
soft water; one-half ounceborax;
one—half pint salt; one ounce of sul—
phuric acid.
skins for the tanning liquor. Now
take two gallons of cold, soft water,
(rain water is good) one—fourth
pound of pulverized oxalic acid, and
one quart of salt. Put the skins in
this and leave them until there are
no dense spotsto be seen; It will

take about 36 to 48 hours for musk— -

rat and other fur pelts of the same
thickness, ,but somewhat less. per-
haps for weasel. When tanned, re—
move the skins and wring them
dry,’ then pull and work them while
drying, so they dry soft. Do this
work in the shade, remembering
that the more they are worked while
drying the softer the tanned pelts
will be. In fact “elbow grease” is
one of the essentials in sucessful
tanning. .

N C R 0 PS
pounds of Sudan grass seed. It does
’not have an under-ground root sys-
tem like quack grass and, will not
live over the ﬁrst winter.

The price of Sudan grass seed is
quite low, ranging from $6 to $7 per
hundred pounds. Seed may be se—
cured trom the Farm Bureau Seed
Department. 221 N. Cedar St., Lan-
sing, Mich, the S. M. lsabell Com-
pany of Jackson, Mich, or quite
frequently from local seed dealers-—

(,1. R. Megee, Associate in Farm
Crops, M. A. C. -

RENEVVING STAND OF ALFALEA

I sowed Alfalfa ,with oats last
There is only-about a half
stand of alfalfa. I wish to leave it
and want to know how I can sow
more alfalfa seed to secure a good
stand this spring. When .should it

be sowed?~—~N. S. A., Fairgrove,

Mich. »_

——It is only occasionaly that ‘old
‘ stands oralfalfa are successfully

thickened‘by seeding new seed on
the old stand. Many more failures
occur than successes. Much depends
upon‘the cause of the old stand thin-
nine,r out. It it was due to the orig—
inal seed not being winter hardy,
then some good might be accom—
plished by‘seeding six pounds of
either Grimm 9r northern grown
common during the early spring.

The old .plants however, will shade

and rob the young~ --'.;es of moisture
so that the new seeding will not have

the same chance as when seeded by ‘

itself. If the lack of lime is the
cause of thinning then it would be
more economical to turn under the
old stand, lime and reseed. The
lack of drainage and inoculation also
cause failures. In seeding alfalfa a
ﬁrm. well prepared seed bed is also

of great importance.——-C. R. Megee, '

Farm Craps Dept., M. A. C.’

non Aom PHOSPHATE TO;
MANURE
TESTS which have been running

the Ohio Experiment Station for '

. 20 years show that substantial
proﬁts follow the reinforcement of
stable manure with acid phosphate
before"application to the field. Ac-
cording to Director ‘6. G. Williams,
320 pounds of acid phosphate added
to eight tons of manure, and applied
to corn in a cornewheat-clover rota-

;tion hasproduced increases, over the
yield from manure alone, at the'rate

'61 $109 per ton of acid phosphate.
While all. land cannot reasonably be
eitpeasd ‘to yield the same rate of
return, there is nonnestmn accord-
ing to Director Williams, but that
the practice is a very proﬁtable one.
He suggests scattering-ta pound‘and

hall” comma! ’

  

 

 

' v '  .,
ﬁe ~ lu‘e ihe’ésum‘. ‘of‘$1,000,

This will prepare the t

\ use from wearing apparel of

I Mommy“ [ Ward 3; Co.
“’7 lathe a.“ 9,. v

 
 

The Oldest Mail Order House
isToday theMost Progressive

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my K311"! City»
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 --.ooo‘oei-oecascone-Iconooo-Je’to h

      
   
 
     
      
   
   
      
    
     
    
         
      
  
    
   
  
    
 
   
  
    
    
     
    
  
  
  
    
  
  
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
   
  
  
  
  
   
  
  
   
    
   
 
     
   
   
   
  
  
    

     
      
      
     
      
    
 

   
 
     
   
 
  

    


  

 must promise

5‘3

_' I want to secure his aid in presenting
my documents to President Wilson.”'


E.

, motherly person,

Jmeet Henry Ford.
‘ rmirer of the Ford industrial system

I

3 '5.

mer reached V
etroit .she‘ -
earned ,thatg

riss Shelley had .
‘xhlausted their funds. She‘immedir
ely sold her jewelry to meet the
incurred and took a
A room on the top floor
f ‘the Tuller Hotel. The writer
, told by a woman who knew
er that Madame Schwimmer was
not the charming dazzling creat-
_ that report had made her.
She is'described as a woman of cul-
ture and education, sincerely eager
She was fairly good
with dark hair and
with no great
amount of personal magnetism.
Like every newcomer in Detroit
Madame Schwimmer was anxious to
She was an ad-

and desired moreover to show the
motor king letters and documents
from Earl Grey, the King of Sweden,
von Bethman—Hollweg and others.
These documents she carried with her

. always, enclosing them in a ﬂat green

leather bag se‘cﬁred to her wrist.
It has been said that these papers

’ were forged, but the charge has never

been proved. She appealed to Mr.
Pipp to secure for her an interview
with Mr. Ford. “I think I can ar-
range for you to meet him,” Mr. Pipp
told her, “but I shall make the ap-
pointment on one condition: You
not to ask him for

ﬁnancial aid or try, directly or in—

‘ directly, to secure money from him.”

Madame Schwimmer’s s n a p p y
black eyes looked straight into Mr.
Pipp’s steady blue eyes as she an—
swered: “I give you my word of
honor that I shall not ask Mr. Ford
for money for any project whatever.

.4 Mr. Pipp then arranged the meeting.

7 
,3...

...

 the Highland Park plant.

 
 
  
  
 
  
 
  

- ingly by Mr. Lucking.

a‘ 3;
w
.3

I. g .

'_ Henry Ford.
the years of the Civil War and had‘

'At his suggestion Alfred Lucking,

7' Mr. Ford’s senior counsel and a for-

mer member of Congress, was pres-
ent when Madame Schwimmer met
the motor king in his great ofﬁce at
She pre-
sented her credentials and other doc-
uments and was questioned search-
No witness
in court ever underwent a more

‘ gruelling cross—examination than did

this Austrian woman that morning.
' =l< * * *

In this connection it must be re-
membered that there was no stronger
advocate of peace in the country than
He had been born in

spent his childhood in the shadow of
the‘ old arsenal at Dearborn. His
boyhood had been ﬁlled with stories

years afterward, when driving away
from this plant witha friend, he re—
marked: “There is the factory into
which I have put my life. I have

" given it the best that is in me, but

 ‘I would rather tear it down, brick

by brick with my own hands than
have it used for making munitions
of war.”

The writer can state on the best
authority that Mr. Ford did not
agree to go to Washington with the
peace committee. He was in Wash-

 ‘I‘  The Inside Story of

ass Morgan and .  ' ‘ . ,. . \, ,

'I am all right.

of the horrors of war, and one day, ‘

ington shortly after his meeting with
Madame Schwimmer, and it was
there that he was persuaded «to go
abroad with the peace delegates. It
was at this time that the Peace Ship
was suggested to him. Shortly after
ward he telephoned Mrs. Ford at
their home:

f‘We are going to Europe,” he told
her.

"‘Going where?” asked his aston-
ished wife.

“You and I—We’re going to Eu-
rope. And we are going to take
some people with us.”

“Indeed we are not," was Mrs.
Ford’s emphatic reply. “Don’t let
anyone talk you into any such no-
tions.”

It may be suspected that the motor
king was unwilling to risk further
discussion with his wife, for next day
he called up Mr. Pipp from New
York. “There is a rumor here that
I am dead,” he told the newspaper-
man. “I don’t want Mrs. Ford to
worry. Will you telephone her that
You can get her
quicker from your ofﬁce than I can
from here. Tell her my cold is bet-
ter and that I‘ll be home soon.”

“What about the interview with
President Wilson?” Mr. Pipp asked.

“There is nothing that he can do.”
came the answer in weary tones.
“I’ll tell you about it when I return.
By the way, do you mind if I bring
Miller back with me? I do not like
to make the trip alone.” Miller was
the Washington correspondent of the
News, and Mr. Ford was particularly
fond of him.

The next thing Mr. Pipp and Mrs.
Ford heard was that the neWspaper
announcement that Mr. Ford had
agreed to ﬁnance a peace expedition
to Europe; that a considerable party
of peace enthusiasts would accom—
pany him, and that he had chartered
a ship for the voyage. '

Mr. Ford returned to Detroit ﬁred
with the zeal of a crusader. To
every advisor who urged him to
abandon the project he replied: “In
Washington they have experts study-
ing every hill, valley, river and road
in Europe. They have men studying
every phase of war, but no one study-
ing the possibilities of peace. If
America is dragged into the war
there will be a terrible loss of life
among our young men. Thousands
will be slaughtered like cattle and
other thousands will die from ex-
posure and diseaSe. The reconstruc—
tion period through which we shall
have to pass will be terrible. If I
can be of any service Whatever in
helping end this war and keeping
America out of it I shall do it if it
costs me every dollar and every
friend I have.”

The Peace Ship sailed on Decem-
ber 4, 1915. It was necessary to
take in gold the money needed to de-
fray all expenses. Mr. Ford’s farm
manager, Ray Dalinger, who had
served him since the 'days .of the
Piquette street plant, had charge of
guarding and handling the great
bags of coin that were carried in the
ship’s hold. Hardly was the Statue

enry‘

the Peace Ship Told for. the F irstl Time

.' (Copyright by Reilly & Lee 00.)

of Liberty out of sight before the
peace delegates began to be less
peaceful among themselves. In a
short time the.'disagreements and
friction became more marked.
Madame Schwimmer herself became
unpopular. She was temperamental
and wrapped herself in a mantel of
reserve. It has since been said that
perhaps Madame Schwimmer was “a
conspirator seeking to focus the at-
tention of the world on peace at a
time when her country and its allies
held the whip hand.”

If this be true, she was sadly lack-
ing funds for the undertaking. Her
interviews were in full glare of the
searching light that beats upon pub-
licity. If she was an arch-spy, what
could she accomplish by announcing
her presence in a neutral country
where the secret service is swift,
active and effective? What could she
gain by approaching a man whose
father was an Englishman; whose
wife was the daughter of an English
mother, both of whom keep in close
touch with England? If she were an
adventuress, she was bound to know
that it is utterly impossible to reach
a man of Henry Ford’s prominence
without being carefully scrutinized
and investigated. If she were sin—
cere in her, motives, she has been
terribly maligned and her disap-
pointment in the failure of the ex-
pedition must have been overwhelm-
ing.

Henry Ford was ill when the party
reached Christiana. __ A cold had be-
come worse and he was in no con-
dition to go farther with his already
hopeless task. He remained aboard
long enough, however, to gather
ﬁrst—hand information of the Eu-
ropean situation, especially astund-
ing information regarding Russia.
He learned, too that Germany had

no intention of ending the war with-.

out a victory that would subjugate
the entire English speaking world.
He found that what the Allies needed
was a submarine detector.

Mr. Ford returned home on New
Year’s Day, 1916. The experience
had aged him. It had opened his
eyes to many things he would rather
not have known and which he prob-
ably never would heve believed had
he not made the voyage in the Peace
Ship. That the war would continue
he was convinced. The struggle
would be a terriﬁc one and the day
was rapidly approaching wheh Amer-
ica would be drawn into it. Ger-
many knew this country was unpre-
pared and believed that we could not
whip an \army into shape in time
to count in the conﬂict.

Forthwith Mr. Ford began to do
some planning of his own. He or-
dered his yacht overhauled and made
ready for instant service if the gov-
ernment should need it. His River
Rouge plant, as has been said, is
located at the point where the stream
from which it takes its name ﬂows
into the Detroit river. The plant was
rapidly equipped for the" making of
eagle boats and submarine chasers.
The situation is an ideal one for a.
naval station, and it was used for

this =spur p
thnoughout
war after the
entry of‘ the
United States.
Finally, M r .
Ford issued .ord-
ers that work
be rushed on his
three million dollar hospitah
With all these preparations he
never discussed with any one what
he had learned abroad or the work
he now had to do. If he'read the

  

,' Bushnell

bitter‘criticisms he gave them no,

heed. People close to him realized,
however, that the current of his life
had changd. He was busy day and
night now; the twinkle came to his
eyes but seldom, and the iron gray
of his hair whitened. ,

A year later America entered the
war and Henry Ford was summoned
to Washington.

“How quickly can you supply us
with cars and munitions?” he was
asked by ‘a congressional committee.

“I must have a little time,” he
' parried.

“Exactly how long will it be before
you can make your ﬁrst delivery of

the“, M

cars, trucks, caissons and the like?” ;

came the insistent question.

Henry Ford looked at his watch;
it was 11:30. “By 3 o’clock tomor-
row afternoon my ﬁrst delivery will
rbe complete,” he replied. “I can
telegraph to the plant and start work
immediately. They should receive
the order in ﬁve minutes.”

The Congressmen laughed. They
did not know that he had spent many
sleepless nights planning every de-
tail of the work that he knew he
would be called upon to do. They
did not know that he had been wait-
.ing the day when he must place all
the resources of his great industry
at the service of the government.
The great factory—the largest motor
plant in the world and theonly one
that hitherto had refused war orders
—’-was equipped to the last detail so
that at the signal from its owner

every department could take up .the '

work for war.

That is why the Ford plant played
the wonderful part it did in supply-
ing the necessities of war. That is
why it was able to turn out ﬁnished
materials for the armies faster than
the ships could carry them across
the Atlantic. What Henry Ford had
learned on his unsuccessful peace
voyage had caused him to prepare

for the day that now had arrived.'_

He knew that every day the struggle
was prolonged more brave young
soldiers would fall and he employed-
all his vast resources to hasten the

Coming of peace by a speedy victory.‘

Henry Ford gave all his war pro—
ﬁts—twenty-nine millions—to the
government, with no hampering con-
ditions. This vast amount was turn-
ed back to the Treasury to be used as
the government saw ﬁt. This was
.the act of a paciﬁst. If all‘the war
advocates had done the same the
country’s war debt would not be 'so-
staggering to-day and there would
have been less talk of war proﬁteers.

CHAPTER VII.
The Ford-Newborry Senatorial
Campaign

If the Peace Ship injured the
prestige of Henry Ford the effect
was not apparent in his native state
in 1916, for in that year the dele-

 

 

 

 

, svo views of the'Fordplant at Highland Park. showing the maze of belting and machinery which make it no
These mmehlnes,,:are kept busy by three shifts of man whom] '11: twenty-four hours every day.

. day.

 G5!!! the thousands of h‘umans who toil here from becoming‘maohines themselves.
I Visiting America ask to be ~shuwn only two woﬂdﬂumﬁui iii-ht

\.

I _ ‘0“ a“

x

f,

‘ a. "(Niagara Falls and the Ford factory." This now is
sue-«storme toldpwua magnum-box;  " ‘ .. . , . j ‘_ N r’” j   ~ ‘

“"3” t0 tVul‘lll'out four thousandcomblote amoral) ‘ 
Even with Mr. Fords earnest,endeavor,:gg is M ‘

Thousands of visitors are conducted through

r

 

., . I.
only 9!! . .-  9"”

 

w-W‘ c'    

      

 

 

 


     

  
 
 

   
 

,_\

 

 

' Ford’s

'Detroit that I could

~as the Democratic candidate,

“~7Ford had none of the characteristics
, of a. statesman, or evenrv'politician;

and does not yearn for Mlic ofﬁce,
but he has more men working for
him than there are people'living in
Nevada and Wyoming; he has been
marvelously successful ‘in his con-
duct .of immense business underaks
ings, and it would seem that
must be capable «of ﬁlling a place in

the Senate of the United States—

not as, a statesman or politician, not
as a hard-Working, successful man
who alwayshas had the interests of
many people at heart.

In Michigan, where he is best

'known and most esteemed, many
«\ citizens were eager for him to be

their senator, as William Alden
Smith had announced that" he would
not be a candidate to succeed him—
self. Mr. Ford was urged to make
the race on the Republican ticket
and although the nomination would
have been equivalent to election he

_refused, partly because .he did not

and partly because
he did not want to take the time
away from his business. Then the
Democrats appealed to him to be-
come their standard bearer. “Mich-
igan,” they told him, “is overwhelm—
ingly Republican. You/are the only
man who can make the race as a
Democrat with any hope of sucess.
At this critical period the President
needs the sup-port in Washington of
every friend he has.”

About this time the President sent
for Mr. Ford to come to washington
for a conference. They discussed
the submarine detector on which Mr.
Ford himself had been working.
From that the conversation turned
to the coming senatorial campaign.
Partisanship did not enter into the
conversation, but the President said
that he needed Mr. Ford in the Sen-
ate and gave as his reason t he
“was fair-minded and had I '
prejudices,’ ’and he adde :
knows as I do the wo ’
and your son are doin '
the war. No one'

want the ofﬁce

   
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
   

riﬁce that you are
But I hope you will 3
personal feelings, m-a
tional sacriﬁce and be a a

Mr. Ford was touched a
peal, but his reply was 0
istic of the man. “I canno
Detroit,” he told the President.

ea
“'1

cannot take my eyes -‘off the plant.“

No inatter how many ofﬁcials I may
have, I must be there myself. If
I am arOund my factory all day
and every day; I am there very often
at night. I’ve gotten out of bed
many a time to drop in on the night
shift and see how things were mov-
ing. I’ve worked right along with
the men on the submarine detector

and we have just completed it. I ‘

cannot take time to make the race.
Moreover, I have so much to do at
not spend
enough time in Washington if I were
Senator. Besides, I can’t make
speeches and I have not the patience
to sit around and listen to folks
who l'ike "to talk.”

Mr. Wilson put his hand on Mr.
shoulder. “The country
needs you,” he said.

swamped with waste; we are being

hamperd by various combinations.-

1 nee-d your aid in this time of
stress. I know your obligation and
I realize that I am asking more
than you feel you can give; but I
need you—mead you more than you
know.” -  .
'And when Henry Ford returned
to . Detroit the same argument was
advanced from every side: “The
President needs you. You are the
only man in Michigan that can be
elected on the Democratic ticket.”
Meanwhile the Republican, alarm-
ed by the general’ talk of Mr. Ford
cast
about for the strongest man they
could ﬁnd to oppose him. They
selected f Cammander Truman. H.
Newbeer prevailed upon him to

enter the'primaries and he.was se-.

lected. as the Republican nomin e.»

’Mr.‘ Newberry was a man ofgr at

Wealth—-—several_ times ,,a m n-

, sine—rand. was connected wi h .t
; «most

influential; families ~on the
 itst was in the fish,-
imx ‘.of Gm

   

tisn,_ sent to: the Republican Na-
  onal.-v,.convention at Chicago" mg_-entered._the world ,war. President-
 ‘dnst'i'luct‘ed. to give h'i'm its-complig-fz ._~W.ilson ‘madeﬁn him i '
rmenary “favorite ‘ son" vote. 7 Mr.

he:

"the entire state—both men

. Wilson

     
 
 
 
 
   
    
  
 
 
  
  
  

' statement:

“We are being

886*.P01nts;  i - v
~19: he  IT'WOPPD.:BE..‘§§3? TQFTRACEF’. ‘
. '1‘?" {mimimdﬁihl’agé ’18-)”:   “ '1 ’

 

   

, sitary 'i of the, NaVy. and when“ America"

‘ t a _ a ‘Lientenan't
commandant the navy, the highest
rank ever-«conferred upon a civilian.
Later he became aide to Rear Ad-
mira’l N. E. Usher, commandant of
the third naval district, which in-
cludes New York and Brooklyn. At
that time no one had any idea of
the bitternes and legal prosecutions
that would follow the campaign;
‘no one had any idea that Command-
er Newberry, one of Michigan’s lead-
ing citizens, would be convicted and
sentenced ‘by a Republican jury and
judge for violation of the federal
election law, and that many other
party leaders would be involved
with him. If either Mr. Ford or
Commander Newberry had known
what was in store it is more than
likely that neither would have tak-'
en part in the campaign, even if
they had forseen that after the
long and bittter ﬁght Mr. Newberry
would be cleared in the United
State Supreme Court and the law
under which he was prosecuted de-
clared unconstitutional.

Finally Mr. Ford agreed to run.
Soon the battle was on. His ad-
mirers took off their coats, rolled
up their sleeves and went to work..
Party lines were swept aside and
Detroit never has known such a
campaign as that which followed.
Soon the excitement swept over
were
known in every township and vii-
lage and both were regarded as the
strongest their respective parties
could have selected. As time passed
the campaign grew hotter and hot—
ter. Straw votes were taken every-
where and it was conﬁdently pre-
dicted that Henry Ford would be
elected by an overwhelming ma—
jority, although he had almost no
newspaper support—Michigan hav-
ing few Democratic papers.

But the race was not over. Two
developments were to upset the
hopes of Mr. Ford’s followers. One
was the letter written by President
asking for a Democratic

This did his candidacy
‘ uch harm. The other was the
temnnt attributed to Charles
ns Hughes, which appeared in
newspapers on November 3,
8, just two days before the elec-

The statement itself hurt Mr.
’s chances, and Mr. Ford’s sub-
t action did his cause still,
arm. It should be kept in
t the Ford Motor company
. ! ount of war work. Armis—
were already being
9 necessity of guard-
' ’s war secrets was as

congress.

Sunday morning,
troit Free Press
- ' advertisement,
other news-
re given be—

carried ‘ :
which also -
papers, part .

low. The “ blished by
the Republican ral Com—
mittee, over the of John

D. Mangum, chair
in heavy type, at
high, were the word

“HENRY FORD AN-D

Below this was the

“Carl Emde, a German all gr ..;,,
a German sympathizer, is b . Pm;
the drafting work on the Lib 
motor at the Ford plant. He
Ford knows he is a German alien an .
a German sympathizer, but in '
fuses to take him off this Work.

“This is not hearsay. It is ab—
solute fact, vouched for by Charles
Evans Hughes, whom President Wil-
son ap-pointed to ﬁnd out why the
production of American aeroplanes
has been so much delayed, when the
American soldiers in France needs
them‘ so much. President Wilson’s
conﬁdence in Mr. Hughes is empha-
sized by the fact that Mr. Hughes
is a former justice of the Supreme
‘Court. of the United States. His
reputation and respect for the truth
and for fairness in judgment have
never been questioned, even by his
bitterest adversaries.’ Concerning
Emde’s job, Mr. Hughes says in his
report to the President:

“ ‘IT ISPOSSIBLE FOR ONE IN
_ «AT. DEPARTMENT To, BRING
ABOUT, DELAYS THE 2 CAUSES
non WHICH, "IN VIEW OF, THE
‘MUIA‘IPMQI’PY  or DRAWINGS,”

   

    
   
     
    
   
    
 
    
    
   
   
   
    
     
    
   
     
   
   
 
  
 

   

 
  

  
  
  
  
 
  
   
   
   
 
  
  
 
  
  
   
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
    
  
  
   
  
  
  
  
    
  
  
  
  
   
  
   

‘ It’s Cheaper this Year

T costs less this year to remove stumps

from your land—the new du Pont ex-
plosive, Dumorite, will blast them out for
much less than it used to cost.

- Dumorite has approximately the same

‘ strength as 40% dynamite, stick for stick,
with the slow, heaving action of “20%”——and

you get % more sticks for each dollar. It is

non-freezing and non-headache. Get it at your

local dealer’s and clear more land at less cost.

Write for free, 110-page “Farmers’ Hand?
book of Explosives.” It giyes full information
on the use of explosives for land clearing,
ditching and tree-planting.

    
   
  

E. I. DU PONT DE NEMOURS & CO., Inc.

Hartley Bldg;
Duluth, Minn.

McCormick Bldg.,
Chicago, Ill.

 

, more per. dolla’ij

 

‘49

 

 

 

——-or ,Will enter a NEW Subscriber’s name for
‘ TWO FULL YEARS
———-or will renew your subscription for ONE YEAR

TWO YEARS FOR $1
if YOU act at once!
1 ' zgiﬁiEeiggAiilzie name of a NEW subscriber for

and the coupon below will renew you ow’n sub-
scription for TWO YEARS FROM DATE OF
EXPIRATION.
‘. is the greatest offer we have ever made and we do not
pro lise to keep it open over 30 days, so you must act at once if
you wish to proﬁt by this 50% saving! ,

(We unknown-(lac every rmnitmncc received with a receipt by ﬁrst ("ass mail)

BIN‘HIGAN BUSINESS FARMER,

Mt. Citations, Michigan

 

 

     

(1) For $1 enclosed you will enter or renew my subscription for
2 years:
nay Nalne  F. D. NO
I .
P. 0. State ......................................... ..;
(If you are renewing kindly send address label from recent issue)
(2) For $1 enclosed renew my own subscription as above 1 year and Li" A

   
     

add the following new

      
 

4 .

    

 

subscribers name paid—in-full. for 1 year':'

i 1

   

New N ame

     
     
     
 

  
 

 

 

 

 

  


INTENTIONAL SECOND EXPOSURE

12 (292)

((‘mttf‘r‘aw; l't‘mn
.lan. "all; L, nwl

x’lil‘ll‘t "titxl-

/
 .‘llttt‘h'v ltnitth

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llwl‘t‘tttl all"
Iva t'nntl that
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Mix: fin llw}; ll :{i
wxhan iml ll'» 4; n“ ‘* V: t‘tmt 153-

   

THE MICHIGAN BUSIIJESS

.. :9; Truth Almut Henry

The Inside Story of the Peace Ship Told for the First Time mm mm M;

1 ~. *1 T’” ‘17 T
It A .L. iv}. »’

A‘ L\

 

@Ed

(l‘ tt‘ﬂl l'l l‘vy “till? A l,tt‘ Ills.)

:n"it"; :‘htn‘tlv al‘lvi‘ hi:: nnt‘tins': ‘.\ilh

(th liilwt‘tY «ml of sizzht ht‘l‘m‘t- thtt

February 3, 1923

O ‘ this n 111‘ 1) 030

By Julia!) '1, tln‘ttna‘lmnt, tlw
0;.“  war :tt‘tm‘ lllt‘,
Emanuel! “Htl‘y () 1. t h (x
l'nitwtl tStattés‘.

Finally, '3] 1‘

01‘s; that work
hp I‘llHllt‘tl on his
thrw‘ million dollar lmspital.

“(4-[\' NH tn; ; at :t_ l H. ‘~:,:<l:=1nw chuintntt 1', antl it was i‘It‘Ilt'“ tlt'lt‘if‘lllt‘tx ltt'}'.Illl tn llt‘ has \\'Hh “1| “Haw prhwwmimm ht.
t)ltlll;llltlll; 1' t: t ttf u-wlx llI‘W‘ Will ‘1" “5135* llt‘?‘>“l'-1il“<l 3'” if” lttw'l‘ll HHHHlf'f i'1~'l?»4“l'\'t'h lll H- nt‘vm' tlisvnnzst‘tl with anV ()llt‘ what
smart m z:  t’m wu ‘fzwt' Ill‘vi-V‘M? \‘vlill ll‘v‘ WWW“ 45““ 4"‘W H r‘llttl'l l1m“ lllt‘ tllr‘WL‘V‘W‘llt’Hlﬂ Jill-(l ln- ha:l lt‘zll‘llt‘tl :tltl‘ttthl (ll‘ lllt‘ \Vttl‘li
M‘ sh” ’f' ,t:. v 7“ i ": mitt \\:«\' :1: tltl“ ti-m that thw l't'tlt't‘ tw‘llllt Il‘l.‘11!‘l‘. llt'l’fllllf‘ ll‘til't' marlu‘tl. 11“ “(my hm} m ()0. H‘ h“ 1- ind [11“
wax: mltl il~ ;: x- m wit» ya war ‘-lt"1"‘lltl in hint. Elhtvt'llt :tl‘lwl‘ lllatlatnw St‘hn‘itnnn-r hwt‘szwlt' lttt‘Hlllt‘ ltlllt‘l' t‘l‘lllt‘lHlllS hw u‘avt' lllt‘ltl Ht)
hm. ,‘iw,   t  g‘ 1: .m, \x  tw tll tvllttltt‘tl ~.lx‘.~»:. ‘y‘tn'tl at HHpMptlthl'. :1ln~ \\;:t ll‘llltlt‘l'llltlt‘lllil] hum]. [yawn (.hmt 1“, him “lanymt
nut llll  tin  u ‘:v (w ll ‘ttw lttvw Illltl \\'t‘att}n~tl httt'w-lt' in w Hantwl of 11(,\y..\-(t;-‘ mm 1]“. H”qu of MS my,
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lnnl‘i'tic, palm “ |tlt (lull ll'lll' 'tntl
ﬁllllll‘tti t‘,\'t“. t':‘v ‘w lltl~l ll 3 (I ltl‘llf
mntlxwrly ltt'h (tn, \‘- itlt nu t'l‘v‘tt
:llllftlllll ut‘ [H'I‘lelttl [lirtztttt ti HI

Lilw n‘t‘l'_\' no \‘ t‘tllll!‘ in l)wt1'<nt

‘Uatlantw Stlmintmwi‘ x\a_ anwnnv t»

lllt’l‘l llt ltlﬂ‘f l‘ttl‘tll lllh  t- (It: at:
nuit‘wt‘ Ht thw lt‘mtl llllll tt'htl  twin
and vltwithl lllttl‘t'ttVt‘l' 'n vh/m 'h
lnutttt‘ l‘tnju, It ttt-t“ and l» ntn-vnt
l‘i‘tngt liarl sfrw. tln tétn' nt' :‘m‘twlwn‘

 

“tan ansl l \\'<*'1m lLfttllliI to On-
twang l‘xntl \m an lszltinr; tn lttlx't‘
wttlllt‘ ltt‘thlt‘ \\‘itl1 HS."

"lntltwl \\'w .‘ll‘t‘ nttt.“ was; M124.
l<‘tuv'<l'.~: mnnhatiw l‘t‘pl)’. “Don‘t lt‘l,
anxnnv» talk you intn any Sllt'll nn~

it may lw S~~llf4ltt*t‘lt’tl that thv nmtur
Kin" \\a~ t1ll\\'lllll\;1, It) i‘ia‘h l-‘tll'lllt‘l'
~lt w il‘v-lttll \\irh his \xit‘t‘. l'r'n‘ n<‘\t (lay
llt‘ wallth Hit ;\l1', l‘imt l't‘ttnt Nww

lllllt‘ \\‘hwn llt‘l‘ (-nnntt'y :llltl its allies
lltlld tht‘ \\'l1l]) hantl."

lt‘ thi:~: lw ll‘llt‘. she \xtm sadly lavk-
111;: funth I‘m‘ tht‘ Innlvrtaknnr. lit‘l‘
intwi‘VhWVH \\'l‘l‘t‘ in l'nll glam) of tlm
S’Hi‘t‘lliIlLS light that lwats 111,011 pnl>~
Why. It shw Wag an art'h—sm', what.
(’(lllltl Sll“ art‘mnplish lty Jillllt)llllt'lll3§
hwi‘ 1)I‘P%<t‘ll(‘t‘ in a nwnti'al (-nnnti‘y
Wllt‘l‘t' lllt‘ St‘t'l‘t‘l t-‘xt‘l‘Vll‘t‘ lH swift,
.‘lt‘llYt‘ antl til'l't‘t lint"? \\'hat ('(tllltl Hllt}

 

 

A }'t‘:tl‘ latt‘r AIIlt‘I‘lt'Zl (\lllt‘l‘t‘tl thh
War antl llt‘lll'y Ford was snntnmnml
lt) \\':I>;hin;:‘t0n.

“llmv quivlily can you supply 115:
with vars and munitions?" hv was
aslwtl hy a (‘Hll‘Ll'l‘t‘SSlOIllll ('omniitttxtn

“I must, hth a little tiinv," hu
parrirwl.

“lixavtly how long will it, he before
you van in:th your ﬁrst (lnlivni‘y nl‘
cars, ll‘llt‘lih‘. caissons and the like?"

 

 

 

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will ' . ' , It ltimt‘. 1- tl'l 92th: t‘yglr- lstmtv alnl It’nwat‘ntw Plaza-‘12:. phati'w 0t lit'ilv’ﬁ‘» l“t>1‘tl thw t‘llt-(‘l 
, U , , , l , l (t t u txtgntn l '1; ti ’l'hw _l:t1.’-'$wll :5, :tli l_l1('l «tnw ltt!’ a, nun nut alututttm in hi‘: nattvv :‘tatw
by.» t . . ’.l  t - ll! ‘l ‘W l.II\.'l: :9l:.ltttll am! it \\‘t‘\ llri"1l lol‘ in lillté. lm‘ In that ytmt‘ lllt‘ (lt‘lt'-
P
‘1
i
.
l
t
Tun -.. \ a  ’llr .- : {U - t ; ? : it: t,. v . .m. 5 sin— EE'JIIJ.‘ 01 I“ ﬁlmy :uul mnvhixn-i'; u'hivh Hull-w i4 [Er-\kilth‘ I.) turn nut t'nlli' QIHHIFHIH‘. roinplvtt- :IlltUnHDIDlIt‘s in u,
5557910 (L t'w rut ~ t .: . In“; it“. lll.\‘t‘ at 15. of lawn “le ﬁll in t\\v*i:l)»rl‘nur hnurs t‘\t‘!“\ tlu). Eiu'n with \IE‘. Ful'tla vurnth runlr-zn'nl', it is hardly ‘ptmsihlt'
in M11! I!“ Hen .w.  mnt' law.  -.- tuil lw Mum humming mm‘llim‘s tln-mm-lu‘s. Thousands of \isit-n's :u‘z- rmmzwtt-tl through thix plant 1‘\l'l‘)' ,w‘u‘l'. Hun) f1)l'0iL:ll
imtnhlm. \--».1n~,: \fti“ : .axl. l.» ,‘a tzlciHn .h-t; the) \\'mitl~l';lm-.)li.~ sig’ill‘ﬁ “Niuuaru Falls and ‘hl‘ Ford l'zu-tm‘y.” ’l‘hiri now in only 0111- of the industries ownt‘tl by Henry a

l‘ord win; muv. in, (4.“ :‘t-;,.. a m tam, was 1! “Minna” funm‘x' boy.

 


.. ‘x‘w/

y W“...

 

February3, 1923 THE MICHIGAN BUSINESS FARMER (293) 13

tional (‘onwintitin zit, (‘hii'zig‘o was l‘llll‘l‘t‘d [llt‘ world war l’i‘tisitliint
inSU‘lH‘lt‘d to givu him its (‘()Iil])|l— Wilson lilt‘ltll' him :i lilt‘lllt‘llillll
motilii‘y “fiivm‘itii Hon" Vtitii. ;\lt‘. ('Ullllllillltlt‘l' in llll‘ nztvy. lllt‘ highwst
ll‘m‘d hzitl Il()l](‘ (if thti (‘llll ‘:i('tiit‘istit‘s l‘itllk (‘Vt‘t‘ ('(tlll‘l‘l‘l‘l‘tl iititiii zi ('l\'lllillt.
()1? 2i stzittimiitiii, (ii' t'Vl‘ll politit'izin. litllt‘l‘ ht‘ iti‘l’llllil‘ :iitlti to llrini' All
and (ltms nut )'t‘£ll‘ll l‘m' tillliliv ()ﬂlt‘l‘, tiiii'zil N. H. l'<lilii'. (‘tlltilllittlllllilt ni'

gatimi St‘lll, t0 the llvptihlit-ztn Na— Hwy 01' HH‘ Nzit‘y :iIitl \Vllt‘ll Anitii'hia ,
hiit hw hzts lllOI't‘ ltll‘ll working l'tit‘ thu lllll'tl tilthll (lltx'll‘lt‘l. Willt‘ll in l

 

him lllttll llll'l‘l‘ le‘l‘ l)t‘()])l(‘ liVllliJ in (‘llllll‘S Nl‘w Ytti‘lt :intl )il‘tichlel, i\t
Nt‘Vl‘ttlIl zinll “Whining: llt‘ llétH hw‘n llitil llllll' lltt tillt‘ [Hill :tii_\‘ ltll'It til'
llllll'Vt‘lUllHly xiii't-iisst'til in his t‘till- thri lillll‘t'lil‘S tintl town] lii‘twwtititins I
(liii't, (it' immi‘iis‘ti hiisinws‘s iiiitlv‘t‘nlv lh;tt WHHlll l'lilltiw thw t-;tiiiii:ti:'_ii.
il‘lLCS, tititl it \\'l)lll(l swim thtit lll‘ lltt tillt‘ hull :tiiy llll'lt tlizit ('littllllillltl'
must ht‘ (‘ttplllilt‘ (il' tillinu' n ltlllt't‘ in (‘l' vahut't'y, “HP at .\liwhi::nn‘ss lt‘lltl-
thi- St‘llztll‘ til Hit‘ l'nitlitl Stillt‘h‘w‘ in: (’iliXl‘IiH, \\'l)llltl lil‘ l‘tilHlt'll'll will
not 21S :i Slitlt‘SIliilll ()l‘ DUlllit‘thll, not sunltint-titl hy :t Ht‘plllilll‘ltll jury and
ZLS 2i litit’tlAVtii‘lx‘iiiu', Slit‘t‘t‘h‘ﬁ‘l'lll iiiziii jlltlu‘l‘ t'ot‘ \‘itilzttinn til' lllt‘ t't-tli'i‘nl
who always liILS htttl thli llllt‘l‘t‘HlS (il' l‘ll‘t‘lltlll lttW, :iiitl th:it many (illll‘l'
mziny [H'Ulilt‘ :it, llt‘ztl‘l. iizti‘ly lw:t<li-i‘:; Wtillltl [H‘ lllVHth‘l‘l
lti Mjr‘hiu'nn, \Vllt‘l‘t‘ ill“ in htist with him, ll‘ t‘lllll‘l‘ i\li‘, l“lil‘tl (il'
ltntiwn tintl iiitist t‘Hll‘l‘lllt‘d. mziny l‘iiintiitinili-i' X4‘\\lit‘l'l‘_\’ hull ltiiimn
t'lllZl‘llS Wl‘l‘l‘ l‘ZlL’t'l' for him tn lw \‘»'llill \\zi:: lll >‘tm‘w it i>: tiltil'l‘ thmt ;
tllt‘ll‘ Sl'liultii‘. 11R \\'illinni A\l(l(‘1l lilwly llixtl til'lllll‘l' \\'(llllll lltlYl' lltl«
Smith li1l(llllllltillllt‘t‘tllllilllll‘Wtillltl l‘“ W!" it! til" t'itllllllllfdll. l'Vt'll if
not». hii :i l'lllltlltlltlt‘ tn Slll‘t'ltt‘tl llllllr tlll'i' hull t'tit‘w-v‘ii lhtit nt‘tvvi~ thr‘

 

will“, MIX li‘tit‘tl wzis lll'fdl‘tl tti lilitlx’t‘ lliltif illlil liitttit' titxht \lt'l Nt'wht-t'i‘) ) g
lht‘ I‘llt‘l‘ till lllt‘ Ht‘IHlltllt‘llli llt'lU‘l WWW] l'“ "1”th i” m“ {‘“i'ml ? i. S   3 

. . ‘ i l l ’
:iiitl illllltillL’Jlt lllt‘ iititiiiiiztlititi \Vtitlltl Stzilw Slttit‘wiiii‘ ‘ttlli‘l illltl llll l;i\\ I

    
  
   
     
  

 

lHLVt‘ hiwti l'lllllVIlllilll tn t‘ll't‘llﬂll hit lllltlt‘l‘ \\llll'll in \\':i:; iii‘t»:<wtttitl (ll‘ ‘ H V
i‘tit‘tiwitl, }illl‘l])' lil‘t‘ttllSl’ lli' tlitl nut l‘llti'l‘ll lllll‘lilitll iitiiintzl E I titilﬁl‘» MISS than yr“: {; :‘(xiitwt illllltllt,
wzint lllt‘ ()lllt’l‘ lllltl tilti'tly hwnna‘r Villztllﬂ' .\.|l‘ ll‘ni‘tl Ilf'l'i‘t‘tl ll) i-nil ; “Hill _‘\'(‘illx" lélltll t‘t'r 1;th lit; lhwit ix
his (litl not \t'nnt ll) lzilw lhti lllllt‘ Slim; lliw hzillh \‘t'ilti‘ till_ lltw ml  plwsl‘gl‘ Dtititrn‘ltv \rt'il‘ liizix“, ‘lxttt will hit
:tvziy ll‘tilli his hilHlllt‘SH. .llll'll lnw iiiii'~i':< ltitih‘ :ltl llilill‘ umtr. l‘lilllti t y]}lt_(‘1l! it.“ gilt» ,t 1N3: .HU
lN‘illtH‘l‘HlS ltltlil‘ltlt‘tl to him In lit’ up tlllilt' Hlt‘t'Vt‘m uni] “will ill will :
(‘tililli thtiii' Hthlltlltl‘tl ltt‘étl‘t’l‘, “,\lit~h ['nriy HHI‘R \\'t‘l't- “twin t'lj'il‘lii [illll l Ijtﬁ‘tiﬂ'l".  .WV,‘.,,_\:V,7.‘E t,  31,( 9mm
lifttii,” tht-y ltlltl hint~ "is l)\’l*l‘\\lllilltl Hl‘tl'lill lii‘\\*t‘ h:t\-‘ l\llli'\\ll rttwli it i «it: " 'tl it" “ i '1 l
» V . l y , rt! 2 i=0» rt , ‘ lli~l"21.l  . a:
iiiuly llwiitihlit'nn \(in NW“ lht- tiiily l‘lll!l]i.’tl"|i n;- lhzit \Vllll‘ll lttlll'\\t t:  P. .. , I J k m Imk
t v mt; tl‘. r ‘ . _,, U ‘ l‘ I 4* ll , ‘ '
inzin \ihti min mnlui thw rztm- :i.~: :t Minn thw 4'\tili‘!.il‘lii ‘\\\l‘lll mm  “1 i' "l ~--t\\» MW xiii; (Mimi: u- 4’“ iiiiil
l . . l s v \I, t , V . " '
I’t‘llltil‘l‘tll \\ll}i any lltl‘lil‘ (it snrmw. thw l‘lllll'l‘ «tzttv twill llll‘lt \\l‘l'l i H»: {,{l with: -t.ii l7, tn! (:ii'.‘ {littll‘ll It 
.i\t thir: 4’l'lllt‘itl [it‘l‘ltttl llll‘ l’t‘iisith-tit hnnwn in win-ii Imxn hilt stint! \il  illiii l1r_{‘,"‘.ti;;,iiiii mm 'r'tt;t<l,;.g(~l,i (1(‘137(':_l_\‘(it,:
lll‘l‘tlfl lhw Silllllttl‘l in \‘nshiiiutnn Hf lJlL’ft‘ :iiitl hitth \w-i‘w I‘lil‘zli‘tll‘tt :2 lh« ‘  ,.l n r  .i t: . i - .
_. ,t . ‘ ~l‘  titlllild‘t’tl iiitilt .tiut cl n-«itaat
t‘\’t‘l')' ll‘ll'lltl lll‘ llilK. .‘~‘ll'lilli‘t‘>§l llll'll‘ t'wrtiwtitw li,il‘lll“

Almnl thin liltll‘ thii I’l‘l'Sllll‘lil til'ltl l‘l’illlll hit“: “"l'l'tlll -\‘ ll’l‘i' l‘i“““i' \Vli‘l lt-t t'i't‘t' ill] ltiizﬂ'  sit-st U ligttiti
it”. My, tum” m (.nmti h, “gwhmyhm 'llh (-zll»|ll:tl1’ll “tau llttllwt‘ z-ntl hnt- hmk H1 EXHLNI‘HN H h "\V‘-: “'1‘ wimp” “W?
1hr 1i t-tiiit‘rit‘wiit‘ti, ’l‘htw tllHt‘llHSl‘tl ll't‘. Straw \‘(ili \\t‘l't‘ Intuit i‘\'l‘t‘,\ - I i: i , l“ “" ‘ “'“ ““"“ "'

- ‘ l 1 ~ t t ’i t‘ 'l l,   t,\~ .V ‘v ‘3 ,. 
thti Hillilltlll‘lltti (it‘lt't‘ltil‘ riii \Vllll’ll \ll‘, \Vht-i‘t» and it \\lt« l'ltlllllli‘lt‘l) iii: ‘1'} H? ‘5‘ ’- ‘ *l’lUH”  r - "‘lri‘i‘.
Mit‘il hiiiimvll’ lizitl ltl'l‘ll \\‘tii‘l\'in;:. llll‘ll‘il lttftl Hi It",\ l’w‘il *Httlll it" t ‘i‘liillllh‘r ill“? l7“: ‘3:l’v7‘l;'tai
ll‘t‘niii thnt thi- t'lilth‘l‘HlllltJll llll‘lltiti l‘l'w‘tl'll lit Jlll «i‘~l*t‘\‘~lt<‘li:iiti“ till: 1
It) tht- t'tiii.iii;:" Sl'llitlltl‘llll t’illllllitlifll. J‘ll‘lli'. filllltttl"li "l “it‘ll ﬁlmm” "“ 1  f_ “it gqti‘si! ‘~,l r‘ g: )z §)~. g, 3 ,
l’;irli.siin_<lii;i llltl Iltil (‘llll‘l‘ llllt) thti Hl‘\VT“lti‘~!'l‘t'  ill"‘l v\tli'!1>'illl it“ ’ “ ‘ V ‘ H
l-tiiiViii'wttiiiii lint thli l’t‘wsitli-nt will ill“ l"“-‘U UNIV" l‘fi‘l‘ liiiti'l"
thtit hv llt‘l‘tlttl ,\li'n [“(tl‘tl iii llll‘ Sin. litlt llll' t‘m ' \l..-» nut ttlv‘l‘ 'i‘ttw Mil ’7'/|1!‘(kll;’i:’ﬁ. «ll-iii
:itv :intl L'£l\'l‘ ltH his l‘l‘ltRHll l  ht“ itww'lntv'w til: ‘»\l iv in litisrwi all {human 3'7?» ‘:-,’ :3;

    
    
  
   
  

“\VLIN‘ lltll‘ llillltll‘tl :intl hcttl 'ty him: t til ,\lt‘. l”w"«t'1 t‘tillttnwr ()lit

       
 
 

     
   
   

     
 
  
  
   
 
   
  
 
  
 
 
      
 
 
   
 
   
  
   
  

   

 

   
 

 

     
  
  
  
  
 

 

 

 

 

 

pi'vjiitlit'wsz.’ 'zttitl hw lltltlt‘ﬁ \\It' lli~ lwttwt' i‘illwn hx i’tn ltlt‘lll ‘

l\iiti\\-; HS 1 (hi lhw \wit" > \\"i|<titi Itilx'llli‘ l'ut‘ :i lll‘ltllil'l'i‘llll 

letll Mini win (tl‘l‘ tltilll" 3 htin wit t‘iitittivwm. 'l‘lii_. iiitl hi: l.li!t1ltl{li’\ ;

tlw \\'.‘tl‘. Xi Hill" .‘ 's lwttvi‘ tli:in Itlll'll h:ii'rii ’l li~ tilltt'l' \\tl,\ llll l

l ltiiiiw lhli lll‘Ill‘llt ti leltl thi~ Sgiti— ,. ‘li'k'lll Zilll'lllllli‘ll lti thwt’h- 7

‘l‘lllt‘l‘ thnt ytiii :tl't‘ ‘ llllli" int ' n>< litiiihr-si. \‘»lllt‘l| iiltftl'lll't'll .l‘ l .
tilt l lililtt‘ you will lll‘\\\]I-1lltl'l“\ till Ntixyt-iiiliwi’ :1 l

‘Iit‘l‘Stillltl t’w‘liiism, lllllh b ‘;,jt1.~~'t t\\'<i tl.’t_\'.~< lwt'iit‘r- liti‘ ~-|>w ‘

titiiizil .‘HH'I'llll‘l' :iiill lH' xi 'l'hii Sititvinl-iit it~w|l litii‘t \ii

\lr. li‘ni‘tl was ltHlt‘lH‘tl l'hltllt‘wa and Hit il‘lit‘ll“ ‘llll
pun], hut his i‘tiply wan <- l .‘lt’llttll tlitl hi:: t‘;lll‘l‘ «will
intiv tit' Illt‘ llllllli “l ('lellltil , lll'itt. ll <l1tillltl lit‘ lvwi 1H
Iii-tt‘tiit." hti ttiltl thw i’l't‘Sltlt'lll. “l l llil‘ l'Vl'l'tl i\l(lllil' t‘li'llIIJtl;_\ ‘

('Illtlltil t;il<i‘- my (WW ut't' lhw plant. Hittiit «it \\':ti' \\‘til‘l\ trmi.

No ltlétllt‘l‘ hiiw iiiziny (illlt‘llllfi I may , \\l W (lll‘wittl) lit in"

lizH't‘. I must lit‘ llll‘l‘t‘ ltly‘x‘l‘lh if S" Hl'l‘l'ﬁ‘r‘lt) ul' i‘lltll'l]

l :tni Ill‘ttlllltl my littlui‘y all day in! "8 \\:it‘ ww'i'i‘ts- \i.:t~' {l‘ 

(illtl M'wi‘y titty: l :iiii ll](‘l‘t* wiry (Illt‘ll .‘Jfl't‘lt ' ‘ ’  

at night. l'\'ii L'ttllt‘ll (Hit (it lwil lli Stintlxi} lltlil'llllli' I

iiiziiiy :t llllll‘ 1()tll‘ti{) in tin thv night. NtH'l‘ltlli 'll'till VI'l’i' [’l't‘SH l "w

shit't and HM“ how thitin \\'(‘l't' llltiV" (‘tll‘l'll‘ll 3 llthl‘I‘llHt‘llll‘lll.  {g 
illii. l't’u \\'til‘l\'t‘(l right tiltillff,‘ with whit'li :ilsu 'li tilllt‘l‘ ll!‘\\'> 1 ._

lhl‘ ltli‘ll (in thv Sillilllill‘llil‘ (hittit'tm‘ twin-rs, hurts ' aim-n tut ; .

:tiitl \\‘<- ll:t\'li _iii:‘-t (‘ttllltlt‘lt‘tl it_ i ltm'. ’l‘hii “it llllfx‘llt‘tl h_\' ‘   f  t

(‘Ztlllltll lilh‘l‘ llltl!‘ tti [Itlllhl‘ thw i‘nt'iu thv- [It'llllltllt’illl ' ;" l‘tiin !   

\lui'iitit't'i“ l h:i\'i- so iiiiit-h tti (hi tit lllllll‘l‘, HVl‘l'  .Itiill] and uh, yenmm brim“ WHY WWW V ‘7' H
lititi‘tiit thztt l t'tiiilil tint Sht‘llt] lt ‘l:tii:vtitnt I‘llltll'  4 {Hf INV [IT/“v  ‘0“ “5‘” Nib:
(‘lltillilll tiinw iii “"2irthiiij4tiin it‘l \Vt‘l't‘ in litany lyitw, :it "“I‘VPHOH ’ L‘r '7 U \ Ulﬁ‘“ t “tilt”; “A l .3: 01‘
Stiiiztttit'. lliisitlvs. l l-ztii't llll‘llﬁl' hif'h, \iwi‘w tht- \Vlll'tl‘4 It‘xii’IRAl‘IUN.

spwwhns and l h:ti ill-it thii tilitiiiiiwi “HENRY NH”) \VI’ 03' “ill (‘tlltl ,1 l\“!"‘\" vi‘luttyjn [2‘ “an” “)1,
to rail Ell‘lillltil :iiitl llSIl‘ll tn lull» ‘ {W}; {NULL yyAR‘;

Willi Hh'i- It» lllllx,“ l7~l~iw lllll \\;t:- ' "

\ll'. \\'il><<in [till his hriiitl til] \l!‘ "’5'i“l”""l " \‘ 5 1‘ " “ i‘ 'H  'i i i it ".5 2} f3“
lo‘nwiig Shﬂllldt‘r- iirrh‘. (‘HHIHIZV .‘ My! HHHi‘VV Ii ‘1‘.I.II|”H .lll'ﬁ lﬁ‘{' ’7] Y iii? ‘,l t W: ‘3'. y l {Hg
iiw‘tls ~\titi,” li<i Hillll. “\\'w Ill‘l‘ lwiiitr‘ p; (El-twin,“ lnljmghi/“n Wily \ ‘ll‘

F\\'Illt‘,l)l't[ with \\.'t.-'l" \\l‘ ltl'l‘ llt‘llti’ it]. tll"tlllt;' tuwt‘ “H i i, i _ t  A i, \l I ‘ a l
llllllllll'l‘tl lii' Vill‘ltill‘? ('tlll‘ililllillltlil“. “winy ;,; HM trim; MM” V I y / v ‘ ‘ “ ‘ ‘ ‘3 iiti’

l llt‘l‘tl _\‘titti‘ tilt] in llti‘i tiiiiw tit' innitiitmt it [ 1w -,  i v ‘W '- ' t ’l' " ;
,‘ilI‘t‘f-fl, l liiiiiw )'lilll’ (ItlllI'Illlt‘ll illml H :HHHMH VHMHH it ti {ill ’ l y l’ g
l t'l':ll|/,t' lliztt l :tiii (t‘lillli' inim- git M. {My ,1 I  E
lhztit _\t»li l’w‘l Milt l‘ftll  hni l Y “My 5 I“ EV ‘ m 
itiwl ‘t‘ttii ill’l‘ti )titi llit‘vl'l‘ tli:tli )tiii H; ‘1’ MM MMI‘HV‘ ~ ‘ 
kmﬂv l*1\'tr: lili"lll‘ \x‘tt .‘ J; \ ri, ’ ,H ‘h . 

\ l \\!w'ti Hwiii‘_» l‘m‘ti l‘l‘?lll'ltt‘t: WW AMHHIHW! 1,, 1‘“? {1
it) til iniit illl‘ ~-':ti;iw :il‘f’lllli:‘ttl tans ili'tnt‘t ‘lltitl mt' ‘~lll'i‘>  ' M ‘ w 
“(lVilll‘l‘ll “I‘M” "l" "y “itg‘” Ullyll" llit \ lvl‘i ll ti Silii‘ t.‘ i." ‘ l‘ t 
l’i'e» illi‘lll li'l'll>1 jwiii. 'i'uii rll't‘ tliv \J-‘Htrt‘nll HUN“, 1,, 5 l ‘ 
till!) mm in ‘allt‘illi’ntl that t‘ttll lw H,“ A, Hm,“ In, MN“ ~ ’ l 
t-lwlmi tilt tho» [’(‘Illlll‘l‘itlll' tit-tut” (,Hhmi‘m... m \:,. it w I k “M s

,\ll‘:tll\\llllz‘ llll‘ [it‘llllltlll‘illh til:tt'iii Him-'1 it [hit my, in“. \li: infill 
till lii' ill" i’l'lll‘l‘itl lillh lit» .\l|‘_ ll'iit‘tl i‘ .‘t itii'irmi‘ ,l‘l tirv mi llt“ ,-ti.»lw:l;~ \l “it” t, ,, I
;t.\' thw lit-intit-tritir l'l’lltlltltlll‘, <1th (‘ttnrl zil' thy inuwi 3m” HM
:ilnitii l'tii' tht‘ :zlt‘tiiiittM ‘lllillt lht‘y I't‘}llll1tll()ll :iiitl i‘w-tuwl l'in- tit. “nth
l‘l‘illltl tinil Iii “WNW” I‘llllv 'l'lll‘." (Hill t‘lii‘ l'2tit‘ntirxr, lll _l’tli"lllli=l htti'w ‘ l' H viv.

Sl‘lt‘t‘lt‘d t‘niiimzintli-i' 'l‘i'tiiiitin ll. iim'wi' lit-t-n (lllpt'lllllltt (1‘ with ht |ii~«: t _ t ~ »~ i it t mt l

xnwmq-mg Inmxnihwl llpliii him to lillll‘l‘t‘ﬂl tillVl‘l‘Fltl'll‘rx. (‘tilit'lihjiitir' ‘

“mm. 1h“ Iwilllm‘h‘g M.“ h“ W215 M)” “H”:va JIM" My" Hugh"?i TWIN-‘4 in his ‘ till FUI' M tint-Inuml l'l'lll \\ nix ti\\lt :lili:»l l'ittllli‘ 'i nit ' .

“WIN! “H MW HUIMMWZHI “mmmm' Impm't to HI“ I’I“’5“m““13 will lnw l'lillimiiiti lll‘\\ ,«iilm'i'ilit'ﬂ « hi it H -HM ~i Mimi “Ml

Mr, valwi‘i‘y With it iiizin (if ,lII“:lI; i “1”” “‘1” ‘” “t” “’1‘ 1 WWW:

Wiizillh Ht‘Vl‘I‘ill “11105 :i niillitin— H ‘IT ‘5 PUSHHHJIC FOR ONE IN :

{lil‘é‘ and was (‘()Illl(‘('l(‘(1 with the THAT 1’1‘1I)‘\H'I‘A\”‘3N'1V TU “KING Npi\\,'\;‘1“l(.

most, illflllt‘lltiﬂl fumilitis ()t‘ the ABUI'T [UCLA YR 'l‘lllC (‘.v\l'b‘l<l_\‘ i A A ‘ i    ' " w  ”  H V‘ I) N"! ,,

state. 11in homo was in tho fZLSh— F0” “VHH‘HV IN WNW ()ll‘ 'l‘llli] l -

tunable suburb of (lrossv l’ointo, MIYLTIHAH‘ITY 0!“ ltll.-\\\"'IN(ES, : l’ t)

ten miles from Detroit. In 1905 no, 17‘ WOI'H) 1th HAHI) 'l‘t) 'l‘llAt‘icf” ; ‘ "  ' ‘  ' ' 5‘1"“ r r . .... ,,

had been appointed Assistant Stit‘ro— ((‘ontiniiml ()Il IHLLCU 18.)  I
.1

 


 

 

  
 
  

   

SATURDAY. FEBRUARY 3. 1923,

_. Edited and 'Published by _
THE RURAL PUBLISHING COMPANY. loo.
‘ GEORGE M. SL000": Pmldem
Mt. Clemens, ,ﬁiohloan
Represented in New York, Chicago, 86 Innis and Minneapolis l)!
the Associated Farm Papers. Incorporated

Member Agricultural Publishers Amointion
Member Audit Bureau of (lirculations.

 

 

unou Grinne'il ‘ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1: . . . . . .Menaslns MW

Grace Nellis Jenney . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Fsrm .Home Editor

Frank 1'). Wells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fruit Edito'

1- Herbert Ferris . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .deio Editor

William E. Brown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Iazsl Editor

William W. Slocum .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  Treasurer

Henry F. Hlpxins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Plsnt Superintendent

 

 

‘ Address All Communications to the Publication. Not Individuals.

ONE DOLLAR PER YEAR
The date following your name on the addre- label shows when
your subscription expires. In renewing kindly send this lsbel to
avoid mistakes. Remit by check, draft, money-order or resistant!
letter; stamps and currency are at your risk. We acknowlele
by first-class mail every dollar received.

Adevertlsing Rates: 45c er s to
column inch. .772 lines to till» page:

lee Stock and
rates to reputable

 

linu. 14 lines to tho
Flat rates.

Auction Sale Advertising: We 0301- special 10'
breeders of live stock «and poultry: W11“ ‘1'-

RELIABLE ADVERTISERS
We will not knowingly accept the advertising of
In! person or ﬁrm who we do not behave to be
thoroughly honest and reliable. Should my Md”
nave any cause for complaint against any advertise:
in these columns, the publisher would appreciate II
N... immediate letter bringing all facts to light. in
every case when with): any: "I saw your advertisement in The
slichigan Business Farmer!" It will guarantee honest dealing

“ The Farm Fisher of Service"

 

 

1923 SHOUULD BE READJUSTMENT MIDDAY.

XTRACTS from article under above
caption, by ﬁnancial editor of the Chi-
cago Tribune, under date of January 1.

1923:

“The year 1922 will go down in Ainericnn
economics as the beginning or recovery from
the drastic deflation of wartime and its afr-
ermath, one of the most severe periods of
depression in the country’s history.

“American business industry throughout
the year manifested a steadily improving
pace. From a general depression in the
winter of 1921, which revealed itself in un-
employment of several million workers, the
situation in one year reversed itself, and in
recent months there have been conrplaints
from some of the larger industries of short-
.ago of labor, in spite of an advancing trend
in wages. '

“One of the best indiccs of the year’s pro-
gress lies in a comparison of the country's
ﬁnancial situation now and at the end of
1921, as disclosed by the reports of the fed-
eral reserve system. Loans and rediscounts'
now aggregate about $565,000,000, or as
much as at the close of 1921.

“Improvement in both agriculture and in-
dustry undoubtedly would have been more
marked out but fOr the troubled European
situation. Nevertheless, the record of our
international commerce is not such as to
cause discouragement.

“3313 United States last. year sold about
$1,000,000.00!) more commodities than it
bought, which is a comfortable margin.

“Generally, all classes enter the new year
with better sentiment, encouraged by ob-
stacles ovcrcmne and the more cheerful
prospects. Dmisnoreasonwhytho
work of the country should not go forward
in orderly and sustained progress.” 5‘ ‘

DB. FRIDAY’S MILK QUIZ

1313: to his promise, David Friday, busy pres-

ident of the Michigan State Agricultural

College, opened his investigation of the milk
situation in Detroit area last week and incidently
raised the wrath of the daily press by refusing
admittance to the session, not only to the public,
but to the reporters.

The fact that the prices for the month of J anu—
ary, will remain unchanged from his prices set
for the previous month, also caused some com-
plaint, but it was hardly to be expected that in
so short a space of time, Dr. Friday could de-
termine whether or not the producer was getting
a fair price or the public being robbed.

Obviously all are agreed that the spread in
pﬂco between what the producer gets and what
the public pays, is eaten up in the costs and prof-
its of distribution and it is at this heart of the
question that Dr. Friday’s investigation aims.
The average consumption of milk, per captia, in
large cities is not one half what it should be,
when measured in the food value of milk audits
Ivy—products. There are periods of the year when
milk is actually wasted in Michigan and yet the
price remains so high in cities that it is used

A  t

The  must have his cost‘of production j

plus a, fair proﬁt-é—and‘by the W&Y;.‘Athe'prloducars

‘ “ assumption:

only sparingly in homes-which should have it in

' sweetest s

k.

 

'“proﬂteer’ ’on their“

use. twice as much milk for his family as he now
uses.'.These things are possible, practical and”

eventual.

‘What will be the outcome.

"large quantity of anthracite is being exported

We have great conﬁdence inp‘Dr. Fridayfs abil-

l ity to conduct the ﬁrsfstep in this plan and every

farmer in Michigan is intensely interested in
We do agree with the
daily press that these meetings should be open
at last to representatives bf newspapers andfarm
pap’ers. “Open 'convenants, openly arrived at!”—
seems to he a beautiful theory, hard to put in ac-
tual practice.’ Secrecy never breeds conﬁdence
and seldom broods good.
that Dr. Friday was responsible for the fact that
the ﬁrst meeting Was held secretly and we hope
that he will insist uppny,the next being thrown
open to the white light of publicity.

MILO CAMPBELL ON RESERVE BOARD
HAT a. Michigan man should have been ap-
pointed to a place on the Federal Reserve
Board by President Harding were honor for
our state, but that the man appointed should be
none other than Milo Campbell, of Goldwater,
should be a real source of satisfaction to the
farmers of Michigan.
~W'ashington newspaper dispatches say that
Mr. Campbell was appointed as a “dirt farmer"
to represent agriculture on the board. There is
some discussion in the same periodicals“ as to
whether a man who has been insurance com-
missioner, Mayor, United States Marshall and a
member of the state legislature, can in reality be
called a “dirt farmer.” '

We, in Michigan, would prefer to call Milo.

Campbell a business farmer, and in that phrase

we would consolidate the virtues of a man who”

knows farming, its problems, its discouragements
and its present-day needs. A man who will see
clearly, deal squarely, have the respect of his
associates and ﬁght to the last ditch for what
he believes to be right.

Mr. Campbell has the biggest job of any man
on the board, beause he must represent the class
who can be helped or hindered most by its im-
mediate future acts.
with all the well wishes of every good citizen in
his home state and The Business Farmer joins
with only one ad‘monitionwthat he get back
and rub shoulders with us often enough so that
he can know what is actually happening on the
farms and in the farmers minds.

CAN MORE CREDIT HURT THE FARMER?

_ 0ST critics of the general principle of an ex—

tension of'credit to farmers point out that

a man cannot be helped out of debt, by being
able to borrow more and on easier terms. Ob-
viously they would be right, but they do not, or
apparently do not care, to know that what the.
farmer wants is not a means for getting further
into debt, but a means of borrowing at such
times in such amounts and for such periods
which will allow him to conduct his business of
planting, producing and selling in an orderly
manner, as every other division of manufacture
ing is conducted. ‘ -

How many times must ll? be pointed out that
the farm—each and ,every farm—’13 a factory,
compleie in itself? The farmer must, not only
be, designer, mechanic and ﬁnisher of his pro-
duct, but salesman as well. If you would force»
the manufacture of any line to all dump their
produts on a market at one time what would
happen? Glutted market, no buyers, panic!

And yet that is just what has been going on
and just what will continue to go on, unless some
orderly manner of marketing farm products can
be, designer, mechanic and ﬁnisher.of his pro-
plan of relief credit will accomplish the millen-
ium, but we do sincerely believe that it is a far
step in the right direction.

~

 

CANADA GETS OUR HARD COAL

T will doubtless make you feel warm} at least
I under the collar, to learn that one of the
reasons why you cannot buy any hard coal for
your base-burner right now‘ is because a very

each weekxat‘o Canada. ‘ . '

The average small town in Michigan has been
without hard coal all. of this‘ winter, some for-
tunate ones have been doling out a car at a

time in half-ton lots at prices which make us»

- think all coalgdealers are highwaymen whether

 

their alibis are founded on fact, or not.

‘We believe in charity and were our Canadian
cousins ‘going without tool we would be the ﬁrst
to say 8110. than all of the Moment: coal they»
need t9 to” 111.19 Mm. but when, it comes to;

laihmble. '. . , . . . . _.  V , A. ., . ; 
States, ' have some interest in where our f ‘iithi‘

  
 

We do not believe'

He goes to take up his work .

  

consumer, 6;;   ' ',
the 'bther hand must be ablextoupuy‘mnk at .3 I .
lower price than-he now pay; and be éducated tqv

 
 

cite goes.

 

BEWARE on THE LANDSHARKS!

EVER was a. time‘when the land shark cauld ‘ 

gather in the sheekels as he. can today!
, There-"are a great many farms for saleln
every state in. the'Union.

“something like this:

Farm Wanted—Want to hearr from:
owner of a farm for sale. “No dealers
‘or brokers. Must deal with the owner
direct. John I. .Gettum,§uckers Shoals,
’Anystate.

Naturally, when the owner of—a farm for sale

' writes, he pictures Mr. Gettum as a substantialk.

serious farm buyer. Sometimes, the owner is so

sure be has exactly the farm that "Mr: Gett-um.

wants, that no sooner has his letter gone in the
mails, than he begins to look for the place in-
towncr hurry mother off packing up the dishes
-and furniture. -

What Mr. Earm Owner gets back is a nicely
worded letter, with a circular explaining that Mr.
Gettum, is really asking for a large number of
prospective farm buyerd‘and he asks only a small
fee, a trifling ten dollar bill, most likely, for
which he promises—well, he doesn't exactly
promise, buthe does not say that, in all probabilty
he will be able to sell the farm, by listing it and
doing his best to sell it! -

Nowadays, every mail that comes to my desk
contains one or more letters from readers of

MThe Business Farmer asking about this grafter

in Ohio, or that fakerﬁn Wisconsin. Some of
these folks have read my repeated warnings NOT
to bite on indeﬁnite promises by mail. Read be-
tween the lines of every letter of this kind that
comes to your mail-box. The postoﬁice department-
is very strict. vLeavenworth is not so far away
and it is the ﬁnal resting place of all mail-order
grafters. A sane man will not promise by mail
what he cannot deliver. So read every promise,
accept no “perhaps” or “maybe”. or “we hope
’to”—-—if you do not understand thoroughly ex-
actly what they promise to do for yourpmoney.
Write them to put theirlpromise in plain words.
Then do not be surprised if you fail to get.an
answer. Plain words? Well, that’s something
else again!

I. c. c. To INVETIGATE EXPENDITURES or
RAILROADS

OLLOWING a. petition to the Interstate Com-
merce Commission by President Johnston of
the International Association of Machinists,

for investigation by that bodyinto the expendi-
tures of the railroad companies of the country
for maintenance and equipment: which was sec-
onded by the Farmers’ National Council, the In-
terstate Commerce Commission has ordered such
an investigation to cover:

» (a) whether expenditures by such car-
riers for the maintenance of equipment have
been reasonable; »

(b) the manner and method in which
the business of such carriers is conducted,
with especial reference to the furnishing of
of car service, and,

(c) whether the courses adopted by
such carriers in the maintenance of equip-
ment and in providing “can/service", have
been efﬁcient and economical, and whether
the service provided has been reasonably
adequate. ” ‘

This investigation will be .of the greatest im-

the milroads in reducing equipment, upon their
inter-locking directors, and the reasons for main-
taining enormously high freight rates. ‘

 

As the result of a recent successful radio test,
it is predicted that radio-telephonic conversation
across the Atlantic Ocean will bathe usual thing
before very long. Every wdrd of -a.speech by
H. B. Thayor, delivered in New YorkCity, was
distinctly heard in New Southgate, England.

 

The modern racing airplane of today moves " 

faster. ythan"did the [cannon ballvhsed’ in , the
Civil War.

does 360,,feet a second. I , V q M,



 

We smiled when we"_‘?read the ﬁrst-pr
increasing egg production; by its
lightshurnlngmesrly ' d“ 
Tigress-19.81%  

   

   
        
 



, These “mail-order?” ’
real—estate men, advertise usually in'the want .
columns of farm paper and. Country ,weeklies, ,

. I, The v cannon ban or that time aver-i '1-
ag'e'd but 200 feet a. second and thejairpiane 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

.. portance ,and throw light upon the conduct of " ‘

 

 

 

  
  
 
   


' \ » ..

.7 EXPENDING PUBLIC FUNDS
 HERE are strong indications
which leads one to believethat
 g . public funds ar'egmot economic-
’--ally and wisely expended. In 1915
gills ‘fl‘a’was City built a small iron“

  

_._.'_~

  

  

I {The state trunk line ‘Crosses this
 abridge 'now. In 1921 the State High-

 

 dough-t 40 feetkheight 6 feet. _.

 way department sent '7 or 8 men to,

 

,gp‘aint said bridge, said improvement
" foost $784.00. Near the village’of
[ 'Whittemore a bridge abOut the same
size a professional painter. offered to
furnish paint and good workman-
. ship for."$240.00. His bid was re-
: elected and ‘said painting, cost nearly
$800.00 I __ ‘
 In\the village of Whittemore 160
reds of concrete road was built, said
160 rods cost $40,000.00. A citizen
'f‘rom> Genesm County stated that in
 _ his neighborhood, 8 miles of stone
“7 ‘. road ‘Was"built, and when completed
‘a man was hir'ed’to take care of said
. 8 miles for $1,100 per year. At the
end of the year a bill was presented
for extra material in the amount of
, ; 0, $11,000.00. _ Does that not warrant
i’ _‘ an investigation on the part of the
 people to know how their funds are
‘ ' expended? We -must unload
_ , . army of useless ofﬁcials, which have
, 4-“ feathered their nest under the high
' ‘ cost of living. They have the same
, V effect on the tax payers, like lice on
 ‘ ~ , a ﬁne blooded sheep, it must die.
' The people must demand to oust
the State Police;

 
 

  

They are neither

will not have to go over “the pond”
to get help because the farm boys
are going to the city; sure. There
was not enough produce raised in
my townshipthis year to pay this
year’s taxes—ml. S. E, North Branch,
Michigan.

HALF TAXED AND HALF UN-
TAXED '"

E HEAR a lot these days about

,the U. of M. and M. A. C.,

wanting large appropriations

and a great many ‘are opposed to it,

but I am not.. I say, let Michigan

have the best schools in the good

old U. S., but this is What I am sup-
posed to.

Let us consider our doctor for a
few moments. Real estate pays 79%
of the money at present, given by
the's-tate to the U. of M., now if it
was not for the generous old farmers,
many a young man would go with-

the 

.‘-~ ornamental or useful. They must
\ “\demand to abolish the State Tax
Commissioners. They have done,

more harm than good. Unload the

Utility Commissioners. They are

only a bill of expense.
ing the Northwestern Development.
Bureau that serves to advertise land
corporation, their cut-over lands, and
the people pays the bill. Repeal the
Covert Act' which sends the farmer
to the Poor' House. -Abolish the
power to ﬁll ofﬁces by appointments.
I . That Will close the' door on Easy
 ‘ '1 Street. Let State Ofﬁcials buy their
" OWn car, and all unreasonable sal—
’ aries must be reduced. The people
should select and elect three com—
petent men, Who’s honesty can not
' be questioned to lift the lid, and re-
port what they ﬁnd. It’s up to the
people to demand What must be done.
7‘ A public ofﬁcial is a public ’servant,
- and not a public master? The master-
 ship belongs to the people. The No-
“vember election proved the fact that
\ Mr. Newberry made a swift jump for
an old man. This wonderland must
be closed, and the people must refuse
 , to maintain a fools paradise for the
 \ oily tongued politician to live on the
A l ‘ fat of the land. Farms after farms
are needed under normal conditions.
The farmerspaid from $20 to $25-
’. tax, now under this wild movement
they pay two or three hundred or
leave the farm. V
If said reforms are carried out,
it will remove a mountain of taxes,
and we can build good roads just the
same. What is good for the state,
can be applied to the county also.
Remove the drone. Let every citi-
. v zen be useful and a producing mem—
, ’- her on the Public Body. This is like
parking into a hornets nest—C. H.
A., Iasco County, Michigan.

HOW ABOUT IT, HENRY?
S I have been reading Henry
- , Ford’s talk in the Detroit News
it makes me think that Mr.
Ferd knows very little about the
. average farmer and the men that buy
 his cars and are making the roads.
/ »Men that kept a hired man before
the war are now glad to work on the
road to pay their taxes as they are
. as high as rent for some farmers,

as high as $3.00 per acre.

Mr. Ford says that if it doesn't
pay to run the business to let some—
tone else run it and work for the
other fellow. That is just what the
farmers are doing as fast as they

 7-.”‘You..ns , ,
i ,1. asphigh as $12.00 a day by working
W  \

   

    

ours overtime.~ Now who
7 The men that buysthe

 

 

 
 
 

I. 'can have sales and move into the,

Stop support- .

‘

’men say they are getting _

mTt‘heir homes to

out a college education, but, by the
farmers furnishing a good share of
the money to run thése institutions,
it enables them to get an education
very reasonably. 4

Now, we must have doctors and
we welcome them. We build stone
roads, the cost of which real estate
pays about 85%. Now what do they
do? They buy a house and a lot in
town, an automobile, and as much
tax exempt, or nearly so, property as
they can buy. This little problem
not only applies to doctors, but law-
yers, dentists, professors, salesmen,
tec., or anybody who gets his edu-
cation at an institution where real
estate pays the largest portion of the
running expenses, and when his edu—
cation is completed, invests his earn—
ings in property that pays at least
to support such institutions. 'Why is
it not fair to expect a man to pay
“his just share toward the running of
the institutiOn where he got his edu-
cation, or in other‘words, I don’t
think an education should be for the
purpose of enabling a man to make
an easier living and getting out of
paying his just share of taxes.

Let us consider two men, one with
$100,000 of non-taxable bonds, the
other with $100,000 worth of real
estate, theingvaluation is the same.
The man with real estate pays a tax,
whether he makes a proﬁt or not,
and if a large proﬁt is made, he pays
a Federal income tax, while the man
with the bonds pays the Federal in-
come tax only, providing his proﬁt
is large enough. What is right
about it?

I think we should have a gasoline
tax until the wealth of Michigan out—
side the real estate pays its just
share of taxes, and a state income
tax, as long as We have non—taxable
property that produce incomes.

Get. these ﬁgures: real estate
represents 35% Of the wealth of
Michigan and pays 79% of the taxes.
If theother 65% of the wealth paid
in proportion to real estate, we would
receive over two times as much taxes
and real estate would] not have to pay
a cent more-than at present. What
the farmer wants is equalization of
tax burdens.

Abraham Lincoln said; “A nation
cannot exist, half free and half
‘slave.” Do you think a state can
exist half taxed, and half ~untaxed?——
H. D. P., Riga, Michigan.

PROTECT THE QUAIL

DITOR" M. B. F.—The farmers

are almost unanimous in want-

ing the quail protected. Will
you kindly give it a,writeup in your
editorial columns—P. M. Baucher,
Stanton, Michigan.

(Editor’s 'Note)—-—If there is any
good reason why the few remaining
quail in Michigan should not be pro-
tected, we do not know what it is
and we would be glad to have some—
one enlighted us. 'The good sports—
men of this and other states, want
to see the quail protected. The poor
sportsmen don’t Want the quail or
wild fowl or ﬁsh protected. Luckily
the good sportsmen make the laws
and see that they are enforced.

. .__...____.___
Inmmmgi stgLvndknis PROBLEMS

a rea g your paper'very

much and ﬁnd its. great help in solving

mm H

~Emil .

  
  

~

 

     
   
 
     
     
   
 
   
 
       
 
   
    

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«an on NATURAL LEAF rosaoc‘o.‘
v-p: v ands 1.75:10 nnds8&00;lnok—
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It’s an unusually long-live?

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wide use. And note these
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‘ The Stag is
Light Draft

-—.—all weight carried on smooth

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John Deere bottom scours, re-
sists wear and does thorough
work. Quick detachable share.
Greater clearance than usual
between beam and share-point, and 3
between moldboard and front furrow
wheels. Landing lever enables oper-
ator to maintain full width cut around
curves. and hold plow to work on
hillsides. See the Stag at your John
Deere, dealer’s.

SEND TODAY for free Stag fold-
er. Also tell us of other imple-
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mation and we wil send you free,
“Bookkeeping on the Farm,"—-—use-
ful for your farm accounts. Ad-
dress John Deere, Molina, Illinois,
and ask for Package 8X6 33_

 

 

mu. -.Dl.!_f?€
" ‘ .
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As pioneer mixer ‘
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featuresthat put the

ilson Mixer in a
class ofits own. It is the only mixer with Patent—
ed Reverse Unloading Gear and Curved
Mixing Blades, insuring thorough mixing in
shortest time. Loads on one side, dumps on
the other side.

   
    
     
  
   
  
   
   
  
  
  
  
 

 

Due to the special Curved Mixing Blades the
Gilson thoroughly mixesin 1"; the time required
by the ordinary type of mixer. Handles 2% to
3 cubic feet ofconcrete at onetime at the rate of one batch
per minute. Turns out 34 cubic yards in ten hours. Mixes
perfectly concrete, mortar or plaster. Any 1 H. P. Engine

turns it easily.

Only $43 50 mm“

° TO YOU
The lowest priced, practical. improved mixer made. Built
of iron and steek—lastsalifetime. ldcalfor farmer or con-
tractor. Mixes concrete that requires no replacements.
‘ no repairs. Use this mixer 30
days at our risk. We guarantee
it exactly as represented. Send
your name today and get full
description of this, the only
Reverse Unloading Gear
Mixer, and easy payment plan.

Gilaon Mixer Co.
735 7th 'Avenue
West Bend, Wisconsin

 

 

   
 
 
 
 
 
 
     

Think of it. We can
now sell Excel] Metal
-.' ling, 28 gauge corru-
. . J . .. . gated at only $3.10 peg-loo
sq. ft. painted“ Galvanized
only 84.3). If you have been waiting for metal .
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rect from factory prices—lower than you can
,- get anywhere clue. Send for our N_ew Catalog
ooverin all styles Metal Rooﬁng, Siding, Shin-
gles, R‘ Ring. Ceiling, etc.. will save you money.

' PREPARED ROOFING ONLY 3 I“5

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‘ before yandgeey. All ’lbld

 

 

hey fork to
Semi for
kins"0

n a
Machine
Mlnn.

 ree
ﬁogs' "W651! lore
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If you have poultry fo‘r'salei' 7
put an ad in
, The MICHIGAN,
spsmsss 

 

» o
' Gllsog 3233?"
~ c'mcrefe may Easy Terms

 

I

._..

 

 

 

 . AR

 

' FARM

HILE the word—“dynamite”

has a rather dreadful sound,

it, is not. nearly as wicked as
is generously supposed. The stories
about dynamite exploding when

Ndropped are either ﬁgments of the

imaginative story writer or refer
to an entirely obsolete product made
some thirty or forty years ago, Ex—
plosives manufacturers have spent a
great deal of time and'vast sums of
money in perfecting their product,
and today dynamite is safer to handle
than ever before. Considering that
in normal years 300,000,000 pounds
of dynamite are made and sold,’ the
proportion of accidents is very small
indeed. ,7 Even
(an admittedly hazardous operation)
there is only a fraction of the num-
ber of fatalities that occur in a big
machine employing the same number
of men. .

Dynamite is nowadays generally
packed in cylinders of heavy paraﬁne
paper to form cartridges o'r “sticks”
usually 1 1-4 inches in diameter and
8 inches long. .These cartridges are
dipped in parafﬁn to make the paper
still more water-proof, and this gives
them a greasy feeling which is some-
times mistakenly supposed to be
caused by the nitroglycerin which is
the essential ingredient in all modern
high explosives. Besides nitroglyc-
erin, dynamite ordinarily contains
nitrate of soda, sometimes called
Chile saltpetre, and some substance
to supply necessary carbon, such as
wood meal. In addition about one
per cent of alkaline material called
antacid is put in as a corrective for
any tendency of the nitroglycerin to

'decom'pose on account of insufﬁcient

puriﬁcation. When you open the
wrapper of a dynamite stick the
contents look like slightly moist
brown sugar. ‘

For all around purposes on the
average farm only two types of dyn-
amite out of a great many are man-
ufactured need be considered. One
of these types is of relatively low
strength and slow action and is
adapted for practically every kind of
work around the farm such as blow-
ing out stumps and boulders; loosen-
ing up hard packed soil~for tree
planting; rejuvenating old orchard
trees by shaking up the soil around
their roots; breaking through im-
pervious strat like hard pan or ce-
mented gravel, which prevent free
drainage into the sub-soil from the
surface; and for sub—soiling to pre-
vent erosin and washingw away of
the surface soil in rolling land. The
other type of explosive is low freez—
ing straight dynamite, the 50%
strength being generally best for
farm work. This is an exceedingly
powerful, quick acting and shatter-
ing dynamite, which is used for
blasting ditches through swampy
ground where no other method of
procedure would be possible. This
ditching by the propagation method
is a very facinating subject and will
be taken up in detail later.

Dynamite is a detonating explos—
ive; that is, it cannot be ﬁred by a
spark alone but requires a device
known as a blasting cap in order to
detonate it. These blasting caps are
small copper cylinders about half
ﬁlled with a very powerfuland 'sen—
sitive composition, usually fulmin-
ate of mercury, which is ﬁred by
fuse. This fuse consists of a small
and very uniform train of a special
black powder tightly wound around
with threads of jute or cotton more
or less water—proofed. Most fuse

burns at the rate cf about ninety.

seconds per yard, and is very uni-
form in its burningsped, very seld-
om varying‘more than'live percent
either way- ‘ " '
Another kind
is called/ an- electric blasting cap.
This is similar to the one ﬁrst de-
scribed excopt that it -m1:twel:*cop-
per wires running into it which are
connected together in the explosive
composition by another very ﬁne
wire which becomes heated to white
heat by the passage of an electric

tric blasting caps are sealed up with

water proof compound so that they_

can be used under water even when

submerged for a cbhsiderahle lengtlﬁ~

time. Electrig blast; ape

in the manufacture'

of blasting cap made ,

current and thus ﬁres the cap. Elec- v

  

sharp, knife.

  

,HANDLING DYNAMITE ON THE

Wires attached do not cost much

more than'the blasting cap with fuse‘

of the same length as the wires of ’the
electric blasting cap, and are much
safer" to have anound on acCount of
their being scaled up. They should
be ﬁred by means of a blasting ma-
chine, which is a simple dynamo con—
veniently built for transforming
muscular energy into electric energy.
The blasting machine is much safer

to use than any kind of dry cell-

battery, 40': storage battery, for the
reason that the contact points or
binding posts' are dead; that is, no‘

\current will ﬂow through them ex-
’ cept when the machine is operated

purposely, whereas with the dry cell
or storage battery, the connecting
posts are always alive and there
is‘considerable danger of their be-
ing inadvertently connected or .even
touched by the leading wires before
it is safe to ﬁre the blast. With cap
and fuse, sufﬁcient length of fuse
must be used so that after lighting
the free end the‘ operator has time
to run to a place of safety. 'With
the electrical method the operator
connects the two Wires of' the elec-
tric blasting cap with about two
hundred—ﬁfty feet of leading wire,
which generally allows him to get
to a place of safety,
the battery at the far end of the
leading Wire for ﬁring the blast. One
of the great advantages of electrical
ﬁring is the fact that it is instanta-
neous and that the time of the blast
is therefore under control of the
blaster. In shooting stumps along
the roadway with cap and fuse, if
some vehicle approaches after’ the
fuse has been lighted at about the
time the blast is due to ﬁre there
is no way of holding off the blast,

whereas with the electrical method.

if anything happens which renders
it desirable to delay the shot for a
few minutes, the blaster simply waits
until all is clear before ﬁring.

All the above may sound a little
complicated. However, it is nothing
like as complicated as making a loaf
of, bread, for instance. Let us illus-
trate this by going through the pro-
cess of blowing out a stump. With‘
a crowbar we punch around under
the stump untilv we ﬁnd a place be-
tween the roots where we can get the
bar down in the soil a couple of
feet under the stumps and then we

'wiggle the crowbar around with a

rotary motion in order to enlarge
the hole. If the soil is very hard
it may be necessary to drive the
crowbar in with a sledge hammer or
to use a dirt auger or a punch bar.
Let us say this stump is about two

feet in diametor and is four or ﬁve ’

year old and is ordinarily stiff loam.
Four cartridges of low strength and
slow action_dynamite is about the
right charge. With a sharp knife
we slit the paper shell of the ﬁrst
three cartridges down the length of
the cartridge, drop one into the hole,
and with a sawed-off broom stick
press it ﬁrmly down so asto cause
it to spread out and ﬁll the bottom
of the hole without leaving any air
space there. We drOp the second
and the third cartridge in and press
them in to position in the same way.
Now we take a blasting cap out of
its box, cut off about three feet of
fuse and the. oil, slip the blasting
cap on the freshly cut end of the
fuse in such a way that the fuse
just touches the cap composition.
Holding it in this position, we crimp
the cap ﬁrmly on the fuse by means
of a ap crimper. We then take the
fourth cartridge, punch a hole about
an inch from one’end in a slanting
direction with the pointed leg of the
ap crimper, insert 'the cap in this
hole, and tie apiece of string about
ten inches long ﬁrst .varound the fuse
about half an inch above the cap and
then around the cartridge so that the
capxcannot she pulled but of the [dyn-
amps; :' Thisfcartridge with the cap
in it" Lisrcalled2the primer. It is not

and connects

.3501;  ,,  .
kiwi-s; ovum and. "holding ifh‘e new -
‘lose to the‘.'que‘, strike 'the'gm‘” ’ch'”.
andsﬁwhile ‘its h’eadiis still. ﬂaming  ‘
put it quickly into the powder ex-‘ 1 yf
, posed in the" fuse.

//

v pow

{satétyz  .uvmf, best;

We' now retire'
to a safe placeand in a-bout‘ninety
secondsthe charge explodes.

amount of dynamite has been gaugedw
correctly, the stump is blown clear 
and clean out of the grOund leaving r .

very few, if any, roots in the earth—"-
Arthur La Motte, Manager Technical

Section, Explosives Department, E. I. , ' a

duPon’: de Nemours & Company.

 

ELECTRIC LIGHT
PLANT

I would like to know if it is pos-
sible to run an electric plant with
water without storage batteries by
running the Wheel when I am using
lights, and what would be required
for such a system? ‘Also how much
would it require to run twenty
lights? Would a man have to get .
lights?——W. W., Glennie, Michigan.

RUNNING

—thther 6r not it is possible toii V'

run an electric light plant from
vwater without 'storage batteries
would depend entirely upon the
power available in the stream, and
whether this Stream ﬂow is great
enough to furnish this amount of
power whenever it is needed. If
the stream is large enough this
would be. thoroughly practical.

‘ You have in mind one water power
installation where about 35 horse
power is available in the stream and
where a one-half-horse power gen-
erator is connected by means of a
friction pulley to the rim of a 15
horse power turbin. The excess
power going through this turbin is,
of course, simply wasted.

Assuming that 20 50 watt lamps
are to be used, they will require
20x50 or 1000 watts which is equal
to 1 kilowatt and which is equal to
about 1 1—3. horse power. Since
somepower is lost in all the trans-
mission equipment it will bemeces—
sary to have 2 2-3 horse power in
the stream to supply this amount, of
course if this amount of light is the
minimum or the'least that can be
used then it can easily be seen that
it will be necessary to have this
amount of power when the stream
is at its lowest, to supply power.

For an ordinary small stream a.—
turbin or water wheel is necessary,
where the fall is very little then pro-
bably the turbin would be found
most satisfactory. The turbin is a
wheel through ,which the water pass-
es to produce power. The governor
which controls the speed of this
wheel is an important part of the
equipment and involves some expense
in addition to the turbin. It is very
likely, however, if no storage bat—
teries are to be used that a gover—
nor would be especially important.
H. H. Musselman, Professor of Farm
Mechanics, M. A. C. " ,

 

IMPROVED \VHEAT VARIETIES
AMONG YEAR’S ACHIEVEMENTS
HE Ofﬁce of Cereal Investigatidns
T in the Bureau of Plant Industry,
of Agri-

U. S. Department

'culture, is working steadily to im-

prove the varieties of wheat and
other cereals grown in this country.

In the annual report of- the bureau
recently made public are listed
among the signiﬁcant accomplish-
ments of the past ﬁscal year, two
new wheats named Forward and
Honor that have been developed in
the breeding experiments in cooper-
ation with the agrigulLural- experi-
ment station of Cornell University.
These are now being grown commer-
cially, and Seed is offered for sale by
seedsmen and farmers in New York
State.

'Kota, a bearded, hard red spring
variety, discovered in 1918 to be es-
pecially resistant to stem rust,- was
grown in 1921 at 30 experiment sta-
tions to determine its value incom-
parison with adapted commercial
varieties of both common and durum
wheats. » During. the . past three
years its resistanceto stem rust has

» proved ,nearly ‘eq‘ual tothat of the

generally slit, or, if it is slit, only"

about? half its length; beginning at
the end. opposite the cap. .After—pla, -
ing "the, primer in the, hole, we 11 l
the, remaining ‘space‘ with clay,- ; loam

as a tamplng stick. 3 Then wit
.we.=.§lit the; exposed;
11911" f!  _.

or sand, p'aking '1t., dammcaremuy,

with therbroom stick,;which‘isuknbw t  J

h a~ _
d,.;'~ ‘

most resistantdurum varieties, 4, 13nd
commercial stocks of Kate, seed'iwlsrp.
increased to, about 6,000 busing-1n:-
1921,'a'nd nearly all of this wssfsqygéd
in_,1.9,22v._»‘ VJ . 5"  g

If the 

     

 

    
 
 
  

   
  
 

     
      
  
 
 

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P? 12"

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new: w<rosrirt>$yooeweos

    


        

 

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L

' ".L‘irnnnmo‘" FRUIT mus _

cepted systems.

The Central Leader of -Pramidal
Tree system has long been in use,
and ‘since it is the easiest to develop,
(it Will receive ﬁrSt consideration
The central branch is allowed to as—

cend year after year with little or

.-no cutting back, While the lateral
scaffold 'or mainbranches are kept
somewhat shOrter by greater or less
heading. As a result, the lateral
branches are considerably smaller
than the central axis, and .protches
'are .‘ formed which" seldom. split.
Strong trees result, butlit 18 very
difﬁcult to keep them opened suf-
ﬁciently to permit light to pene;
trate to the inner parts, and the tops
‘usually become too high to permit
orchard operations to be conducted
economically. This system is not
favored by many present-day fruit
growers. ,

The Open Center'Type of free us-
ually. has three to ﬁve scaffold
branches well distributed around the
trunk and extending outward and
upward from it to form the frame—
work. The leader or upright branch
is removed, usually the ﬁrst year.
These three to ﬁve branches are cut
back Ito approximately the same
height after the ﬁrst season’s growth,

and this equal heading of all
branches is continued until the
frameWOrk is completed. In other

words, each of the scaffold branches
is 'given equal prominence, and any
tendency of one to outgrow the
others is surpressed. The center is
kept sufﬁciently open to permit the
penetration of light throughout the
tree._ The result is a spreading tree,
sufﬁciently open to permit good col-
oring of the fruit, and low enough
to allow economical handling. This

type of tree is easily maintained after.

it is once started.

The open center tree is structually

weak, due to.the fact that, in gen—
eral, the scaffold branches issue from
practically the same point,
forming weak crotches. Frequently
one of the scaffold branches splits
off and the tree is practically ruined.
Many trees trained in accordance
with this system, have met this fate.
Artiﬁcial supports must be resorted
.to in many orchards with trees
trained in such a‘ananner. In spite
of these defects, however, this sys-
tem of training is recommended and
very generally adopted for some
kinds of fruits. .
. The- Modiﬁed Leader or Delayed
Open Center is the third type of tree.
As the terms indicate, it is a modiﬁ:
cation of the leader tree or is inter-
mediate between the open center and
leader types. It combines the more
important advantages and climinates
some of the disadvantages of each.
The resulting tree is low headed,
spreading, and has from ﬁx to ten
scaffold branches distributed along
and about a central axis, thus form-
ing a strong framework with well-
formed crotches. It is not possible
to secure the several‘ scaffold
branches from one season’s growth
of the main axis and have them
properly distributed; so the selection
must extend over some three or four
ryears, starting two or three new
scaffold branches each year. After
the desired number of well—distrib—
uted scaffold branches has been ob-
tain’ned, the tree should be opened
by discontinuing (reméving) the
leader.

At this point; attention should be
called to the fact that the system of
training employed during the ﬁrst
four or ﬁve years of the tree’s life
deﬁnitely determines .its form, [and
later attempts to change the form
are very frequently accompanied by
disastrous results. An established
leader should not be removed, after,

 

     
 
 
  
  

  

. period-but we are chieﬂy concerned
:with' the three more commonly ‘ac-.

. type

thus -

thegsecond or third year; withthe’

idea of developing a strictly open
center tree, and, in like manner, at—
tempts should not be made to-change
’an'open center tree to a modified
leader or leader type. Well trained

'trees may be devloped. along any of

the above lines and no one system
is best for all species, varieties and
conditions. V

Since many fruit growers are not
familiar with the ’modiﬁed leader
f tree, and since it is recom—
mende for most varieties of apples,
pea'rs, cherries and European plums,
a more detailed description and de-
velopment of a theoretically ideal
tree may be in order.

Assuming that a one-year-old tree
has been planted and headed at the
desired height, the growth the season
after planting will usually consist of
an almost upright branch produced
from the uppermost bud, and of four
or ﬁve shorter ones arising from
lower buds. If so, two or three of
them, well distributed about the
trunk, should be selected in addition
to the uppermost one, and the others

removed. In cutting or heading
back these branches, it should be
borne in mind that the longest

branch of a group has the advantage
and will make correspondingly more
growth the following season. Since
it is desirable to develop the upper—
most branch into a leader for'sev—
eral years, it must be left a little
longer than the scaffold branches.
The amount of cutting back depends
upon the amounts of growth pro-
duced. Usually in Michigan it will
simply consist in cutting back suf-
ﬁciently to give the leader some ad—
vantage in length. If a good, vig-
orous growth has been produced the
ﬁrst year, one should leave the lat—
eral scaffold branches 15 to 24 inches
long, and the central upright one 20
to 30 per cent longer. r

The following winter the leader
should be treated in much the same
manner as just described for one
year previous. The scaffold branches
will probably have produced several
laterals. Two or three of these
should be selected and headed back,
if necessary, sufﬁcient to avoid “leg—
giness.” Care should be taken, as

'previously described, to prevent the

formation of weak “Y”

crotches.

This system should be continued
throughout a third and possibly to
the fourth year, after which the
leader should be suppressed or dis—
continued. This system of training
results in a tree with a central axis
or leader about five to six feet in
height, with from six to, ten scaffold
branches extending outward and up-
ward in all directions and spaced
along the main axis for three to ﬁve
feet.

The pruner should develop the
several scaffold branches carefully.
The heading back should not only
be done from the standpoint of the
tree as a whole, but also with regard
to the relation of the main branches
to each other. If certain ones are
outgrowing others, the stronger
should be headed back more than the
weaker ones. If the lower scaffold
branches are not deve10ping suﬂic-
iently, the upper ones must be cut
back more heavily, or the lower ones
may be entirely suppressed as real
scaffolds and the tree actually be-
comes high headed.
branches of the tree must be pro-
perly dominant.

(Editor’s Note—This article is
taken from Special Bulletin No. 118
issued by the Experiment Station,
Michigan Agricultural College. If
you are interested and desire fur-
ther information regarding the work
you can secure a free copy of this
bulletin by writing to the Business
Farmer. The illustrations on page
4 are usedthrough the courtesy .of
the Experiment Station.) .

shaped

 

  
 
   

Thus all main_

  
     

  
   

v . nus tires-s“ mum

 
 
 
 
       
     
     
   
  
      
 

   
  
  

   
    
  

t

rawbenyBo

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ﬂ““
‘ The ﬁnest Book on Strawberry growing ever published.

Written by Amenca’s foremost grower.
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Beautifully illustrated in colors [and I

 

 

  

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livered to you at planting time. grzngtggges and ow '0

 

 

   
  

R. M. KELLOGG 00., Box 4604, Three Rivers, Mich.
- -:g------u------

‘-

’/

 

 

 

 

on YOUR cu

The work of preparing the land
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whether you use unknown seed
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HARDY. BIG-YIELDIN. MICHIGAN GROWN

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Jackson. Mlch.

our 1923 Seed Annual quoting

Send . _
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Name

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100 Everbesrln
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5 choice mlxsd Gladioll pgstpaél} 806' $1.00.
or . .
Strawbc lent: \our selection for salsa.

m p $40.00. Bar-

a s cc.‘
Thing I plant. Free

 

 

  
 

strawberry
Con-

 

1 000

     

Live and
catalogue

  

 

        
  
   

This is an excellent variety, as well
as being an interesting curiosxty.GThe
vmes are rampant growers and produce
an enormous crop of long, slender pods,
manypf whlch grow to three feet or
more in length having the thickness of
a lead pcncll. Produce late in the sum-
mer, very roductive, eXcellcnt utility
for snap) cans, tender and 0 ﬁne
ﬂavor. ackct of seed, 10c; 3 for 250.
Japanese Giant Radish 10 to 30 lbs.
each; Mammoth Prize Watermelon, 60
to 1.5le5. each; Jumbo Pumpkin, 100 to
3001bs.;' Yule Peach, ﬁne for canning,
rlpe fru1t in 80 days after seed is plant-
ed;.Garden Huckleberry, a big crop of
frult the same season seed is planted'
Groun dAlmonds, delicious cocoanu
ﬂavor, grow anywhere, plant in spring
or early summer and harvest a big crop
of nuts the following September; Early
Giant. Rhubarb, pro uces lar e, mark-
etable alze stalks next year a ter plant-
mg; Japanese Climbing Cucumber, ﬁne
variety that can be trained to fence,
trellis or pnlcs and save garden space:
Chinese Celery Cabbage,cclery ﬂavored,
ﬁne for salads; String Peas, cook like
string or snap beans; Burgess' Earliest
and Best Tomato, earliest and best to-
mato on earth, large, smooth, free from
blight and the equal of any late variety;
Giant Ostrich Feather Aster,handsome
large, ﬁllﬂ‘y ﬂowers; Giant Rufﬂed
Spencer Sweet Peas, ﬁnest sweet peas
_ grown; Red Sunﬂower, very attractive.
Take your chalce of those varieties at 10¢ per packet;
3 for 25¢; 7 for 50¢; or 15 for,$1.00, ostpaid.
 WIth each order we wi 1 give a free trial
I ' package of our wonderful Lima. Peas (sim-
ilar 1n shape and as large as Lima Beans) and a copy
of our new book, which tells all about other rare
scarce”, curious and valuable fruits, vegetables and
ﬂowers and medicinal plant crops that yield from
$8,000.00 to $20,000.00 per acre.

GRAPE VINE or HANDSOME EVERBLOOMING
HARDY ROSE BUSH
order.

, SEED 6: PL

_ FREE with every dollar

our choice. Order today. BURGESS

00.,213 Floral St... Galecburg, Mich.
/"“

State y
NT

 

  
 

 

 

Or Healthy Orchards

[glut Michigan Grown Trees

Buy handsome, thrifty trees,
grapovnws. berry bushes, roses and
shrubs from your own state and
insure prompt recelpt In vigorous
oondltion. Kalamazoo County is
famous for Hardy, well-rooted
' stock, We guarantee healthy and
true to name. You ought to plant
more fruit trees thls season.
Spoclal rates if you order now.
Our handsome catalog of depend-
able trees free for the asking.

 Celery City Nurseries,
.,  Box 202 Kalamazoo.Mioh,

_ \Ja‘l'

 
  
   
  
   
   
   
 
   
      

Direct toYou,AtWholesole Prices

- .. a..." ,.. _'

OVER

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can
ice

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pasture. The cheapest accdln
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A BETTER JOB NOW!

4 PER man-“6 ,3
thin-don our seodcb I“u one:
BU more up Send Bulimia
‘ Fl- , . C
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Léarn good trade in a few weeks.. 12 million mites,

ﬂan dScodco..Dept,ﬁ1, {
trucks and tractors need, seerce. Repainn" n needed.
lWTrite today for FREE catalog giving in l..-partlcu-

ails. Ichloan 8
Auto Bldo., Detroit.

STRAWBERRY PLAIITS

History and Ival<
liable illustrated book free. You will 1 rn. Address
MAYER'S PLANT NURSERY,

 

neat grass k

 

Automo I
Mich.

$8.00 Per 1000',

en.
Merl-III, Mloh.

 

CHOICE STRA .ERRV PLANTS.
£10100ﬂ €11 1:131) ‘xd vxﬁetieg' aged$3ga£al
ee re 0 38.011110 ey to un .
MRS. FILENR WO‘OLF. ALCIGAIJI’,

   
 

 

blo 801ml. 2262 

  
   
   
   

  
   
 


   
  

   
  
 
 
     
   

  

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- Unless you see the name “Bayer”
on package or (on tablets you are
not getting the genuine Bayer pro-
duct prescribed by physicians over
twenty-two years and proved safe
by millions for

Colds Headache
Toothache Lumbago
Earache Rheumatism
Neuralgia Pain, Pain

Accept “Bayer Tablets of Aspirin"
only. Each unbroken package con-
tains proper directions. Handy boxes
of twelve tablets cost few cents.
Druggistsvalso sell bottles of 24 and
100. Aspirin is the trade mark of
Bayer Manufacture of Monoacetic-
acidester of Salicylicacid. 7 (1)

Nature’s Own Remedy

Indian Herb Tea

Made of roots, barks; seeds
and leaves from forests,
mountains and meadows.

No alcohol or narcotics

Take steaming hot for colds
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Large Package, $1.00, by Mail.
Money refunded if not satisﬁed.

 

 

u

 

 

 

FARM AND LANDS
Ans UNDER THIS HEAD 10° PER worm

‘ FARMING BUSINESS FOR SALE—A PURE-
} bred business in Duroc Jerscy Heals, Short llorn
Durhiuns, Delaine Merino Sheep, iuff Leghorns,
‘ Buff Plymouth Rocks, Bronze “Turkeys, White
Pekin Ducks, Toulouse Geese, which I have built
' up with the hope of keeping my boys on the furin
is for sale, including the farm of 200 acres Within
‘ ﬁfty miles of Detroit, 20 acres under timber, bal-
ance all under plow. I‘lqulpCd‘Wltil tracing, truck
all machinery. Stocked With registered stock.
mail orders coming in every day as the result of
three years building a real business. I hope the
right man, who wants a big opportunity Will get
this farm and the busmess. I am ready to take a
. smaller farm as part pawnent. If you are ambi-
tions do not hesitate to write me, own this farm
. and I am ready to listen to every proposition. ‘1
am sincrre in every statement I have made in this
advertisement. I am known to theqmbhsher of the
,' Business Fenner and he used me to thus
133' all the facts before the readers of this publica-
, tion hoping I may ﬁnd the right man _‘who is
looking for just what I have to offer. Write me
' fully, at once, if on are interested,.address BOX
231, in care of he Michigan Business Farmer.
' Mt. Clemens, Mich.

 

MICHIGAN FARM, FURNI-
, cows, 8 boss, poultry, tools,
cream separator, implements, 50 cords wood in-
! eluded; prosperous neighbors, Schools to ,
= ches, handy to City and college; all tiilnble.
land. apples
. good 2-story iO-room
lawn, large his-roof barn,
gery etc. To settle .a airs 85,800
2,060 us Quick i
toils and photo page 64 llus. Gate 02 1,
Copy free. STROUT

9—— p es.
M AGENCY. Ford Bldg” Detroit.

80-ACRE S. E.
ture. 3 horses 8

814B

 

80 A. GOOD SOIL LAND '2 MILE FROM
Hm; 8 room cement block onse. fumlce in
basement; 44X40 basement, barn. A bargain for
.some one part down. Canoe of aale,_ma.n and wife
bo dead. Administration. sale. Write or call on
P EB. PRICE. Hesperus, Mich. ~ ‘ - -

IF YOUR FARM on COUNTRY HOME IS
= .51’ sale. Write us. No commission cha ed.
GLOVERLAN-n FARM AGENCY. Powers. lch.

'30 scans coon HOUSE. 40 "amino

do  dues and water ed for muskmt
. ._ t or sell. Inqmr' "ho 2 2,
‘ mi: Bitislness ﬁrmer.“ l a x 3_ “is

 

 

 

.= i”
«we

 '

 

     
 
 

   ‘  
spirin

Say “Bayer? and Insist]:

' . blow.

spring months. ‘ Only” about halter
the 1922 crop has been shipped to
. date. which means that the railroads
‘mrrst supply practically every, loading
point in the state with: about one

'(Continngd from

into consumers hands.

' An illustration of how serious the
car situation is is available at Remus.
Shippers at that point. are about. the
hardest hit of any point along the

the Pere Marquette. On Jan. 1,
1923 Remus had loaded ‘out‘b’? cars
of potatoes as compared with 159
cars on the same date a year ago.
Many Speak at Meetings
Speakers at the series of meetings
which have been in progress for the
last three days included Clark L.

igan State Farm Bureau; C. 6. Wells,
of Cadillac, general manager of the
Michigan Potato Growers’ exchange;
Giﬁord Patch, marketing specialist
of the Michigan Agricultural college;
Dr. Eben Mumford of M. A. 0., and
Attorney W. B. Fast of Big Rapids,
County Agent M. F. Jackson and 0'.
S. Wood, Barryton banker and di-
rector of the Michigan Potato Grow-
ers’exchange, arranged the meeting.

eetings were held at Remus,
Weldman, three in Barryton terri-
tory, .Rodney, Mecosta and Stan-
wood.——D. L. Runnells. "

 

THE TRUTH ABOUT HENRY FORD
(Continued from page 13.) I

There are three more paragraphs
attacking Mr. Ford on this score,
which I‘ shall omit—not wishing
to weary the reader. The advertise-
_ment continued:

“Sacriﬁce? What about the sac-
riﬁce of American soldiers if this
German pet of Henry Ford’s sees
ﬁt to delay the production of Lib-
berty motors and the making of
aeroplanes, as he is in “a position
to do? How many American lives
have already been sacriﬁed in aero-
planes tampered with by German
agents? If Henry Ford puts so
much faith in the German Emde
after all he knows about him, is
there any reason why he should not
put the same faith in the German
Hohenzollern? Since Henry Ford
is so. fond of this German pet of his,
is there no place in his large estab-
lishment where he can give Emde
work to keep him out of the way
of temptation to serve his father-
Iand, as many other Germans have
already served in this country? As
Mr. Hughes says:

“ ‘THERE HAS BEEN' A LAXI-
TY A‘T THE FORD PLANT WITH
RESPECT TO THOSE OF GERMAN
SYMPATHIEiS‘W’HI’CH IS NOT AT
ALL COMPATIBLE WITH THE
INTERRES’I‘S OF THE GOVERN-
MENT." ” '

The advertisement went. on at
much lengthvalong these lines, em-
phasizing various paragraphs with
heavy type. Then it said:

“It. is now plain to every voter
in Michigan that Henry Ford is no
more wary of Hun agents than he
was when he followed Rosika
ship three years ago. He is as in-
nocent as ever.

“If Carl Emde, wishes to make
plans and photographs of the Ford
plant or the Liberty motor for use
by the enemies of the United States,
Henry Ford is willing to give him a.
chance to do it, just as he fell for
Madame Schwimmer’s pro-German
peace plans.

“Henry Ford loves the Huns too
much to be trusted with a seat in
the Senate of the United States and
help make peace with them. Com-
mander Newberry knows them for
what they are and is helping to
ﬁght them at every stagewi the
game. ’

“There can be but one choice for
wide-awake American in this elec-
tion.” a 

The Ford campaign manage?!
were taken completely by surprise.
The Liberty motor work, the par-
ticular department attacked,
the best piece of work that Henry
Ford had accomplished, and- the
Republican letter was a staggering

the damage- dqne lay in an,--Imme—
diate replyhth'rough“ I m
pap'rs obj-tat. “grimy-.pomj _  ‘
of ti ecia ‘ ', .

   
 

 

 

‘V ere,

      

car a day in order to get the tubers"

Big Rapids-Grand Ledge, division of.

Brody, general manager of the Mich- '

Schwimmer to Europe on the peace»

was.

The only hope of offsoting' :
the fM’onday"
headwaters

war. may, ho had

morning.

.sisxieﬂ .. 35. editor-111mg: .01 ifthé”

v DatrOit News" {and who had been
.. government inspector: in seven De-
. troit factories engaged in war work,
was.in charge '0‘! all‘the Ford cani-
paign statements given to the press.
(Continued in ,Feb 17th issue.)

 

was: HUNTED wort/mi":
. (Continued from page 8)

“tion of herself.
events lightly, not omitting those
parts which appealed tohim as being
very near to comedy. ' ‘

In spite of his eﬂort to rob the
affairof its serious aspect_ his re-
cital had a recided effect upon
Joanne. For same time after he
had ﬁnished one of her small gloved
hands clutched tightly at the pom'mel
of her saddle; her breath came more
quickly; the color had ebbed from
her cheeks, and she looked straight
ahead, keeping her eyes from meet-
ing his. He began to believe that
in some way she was convinced he
had not told her the whole truth,
and was possibly displeased, when
she again turned her faca to him.
It was tense and white. In it was
the fear which, for a few minutes,
she had tried to keep from him.

“They would have killed you?”
she breathed.“

“Perhaps they would only have
given me a good scare,” said Aldous.
“But I didn’t have time to wait a‘hd
ﬁnd out. I was very anxious to see
MacDonald again. So I went through
the window!” '

“No, they would have killed you,”
said Joanne. “Perhaps I did wrong,
Mr.’A1dous, but I conﬁded—a. little
——in Peggy Bluacton last night. She
seemed like a sister. I love her. And
I wanted to conﬁde in/ some one—a
woman, like her. It Wasn’t much,
but I told her what happened at
Miette: about you, and Quade, and
how I saw him“ at the. station, and
again—later, following. us. And
then—she told me!
didn’t know how it was frightening

me, but she told me all about
these men—Qu'ade and Culver
Rann. And now I’m more afraid of

Culver Rann than Quade, and‘I’ve
never seen him. They can’t hurt me.
But I’m afraid for you!”

At her words a joy that was like
the heat of ﬁre leaped into his brain.

“For me?” he said. “Afraid—for
me?”
“Yes.' Why shouldn’t I be, if I

know that you are in danger?” she
asked quietly. “And now, since last
night, and the discovery of~your sec—
ret by these/men, I am terriﬁed.
Quade has followed you here. Mrs.
Bladkton told me‘ that Culver Rann
was many more times dangerous
than Quade. Only a~little while ago
you told me you did not care for

riches. Then why do you go for this
gold? Why do you run.the risk?
Why~—” .

He waited. The color was flood-

ing back into her face in an 'excited,
feverish flush. Her blue eyes were
dark as thunder—clouds in their earn-
estness. . -

“Don’t you understand?" she went
on. “It was because of me that you
incurred this deadly enmity of
Quade’s. If anything happens to
you, 1 shall hold myself respons-
ible!”

“No, you will not be responsible,”
'replied Aldous, steading the tremble
in his-voice. “Besides, nothing is
going to happen. But you don’t
know how happy you have made me
by taking this sort of an interest in
me. It———it feels, good," he laughed.

For a. few paces he dropped be-
hind her, where the overhead spruce
boughs left but the space of a single
rider between. Then, again, he
drew ‘up close beside her.

“I was "going to tell you about
this gold,” 'he said. “It isn’t the
gold we’re going after."

He leaned over until
rested on her saddle-bow.

“Look ahead," he went on, a cur-
ious softness in his voice. “Look at
MacDonald!" v r
' The first shattered rays of the
sun were breaking over the [mount-
ains and reflecting their glow in the"

his hand

. valley. ~Donald MacDonald bed lift-A

ed, his (taco to the sunrise; font. trom‘
under “his battered hat the morning
breed, wing.,thronsh.:jthe mic ‘
$1.?th ..  _ .._

..

     
   

 

He described the,

Perhaps she ~

I.

I

» his mother,

‘of the other gold—seekers.

,mmwm

     

glam;

‘t ’s. takingsm

MacDonald.

ing a. grave—for you.

other gravefis calling MacDonald. I
. am goingfwith him.

years that blessed _old wanderer
ahead of us has loved a dead woman,
would you? You a Wouldn’t think

that for nearly half a century, year,

in and year out, winter and summer
alike, he has tramped the northern
mountains—a lost spirit with but

one desire in life—-—to ﬁnd at last her .
resting place? And yet it is so, Lady-- .'
I guess I am ﬂie- only living . -
creature to whom he has opened his

gray.

heart in many a leng year. A hund-
red times beside our campﬁre I have
listened to him, until at last his story
seems almost to be a, part ’of my;
own. He may be a little mad, but
it is a beautiful madness."

He. paused.

“Yes,” whispered Joanne.
—John Aldous.” .

“It’s—hard to tell,” he continued.
“I can’t put the feeling of it in
words, the spirit of it, the wonder of
it. I’ve tried to‘ write it; and I
couldn’t. Her name was Jane. He
has never spoken of her by any other
name than that, and I’ve never ask-
"ed for,the rest of it. They were kids
when their two families started
West over the big prairies in Conest-
oga wagons. They grew up sweet-
hearts. Both of her parents, and
died before they were
his

"Go on

married. Then, a little later.

father died, and they were alone. I -

can imagine What their love must
have been. I “have seen it still liv—
ing in his eyes, and I have Seen it in
his strange hour—long dreams after
he, hastalked of her. They were
always_together. He has told me
how they roamed the mountains

hand in hand in their hunts; how ‘

she was comrade and chum when, he
Went prospecting.
his lonely old heart to me—a great
deal. He’s told me how they fised
to be alone for months at a time in
the mountains, the things they used
to do, and how1she would sing for
him beside their camp—ﬁre at night.
"She had a voice sweet as an angel].
I remember he told me once. Then,
more thafi forty years ago, came the
gold—rush away up in the Stikine
River country. They went. They,
joined a little party of twelve—ten
men and two women. This party
wandered far out of the beaten paths
And at
last they found gold.” -

Ahead of them Donald MacDon-
ald had turhql in his saddle and was
looking back. For a moment Aldous
ceased speaking. .

“Please—-—go mild/said Joanne.

(Continued in Feb. 17th issue.)

 

‘LIK'ES IT IFROM COVER T0 COVER

Enclosed ﬁnd renewal. You have made
no mistakes, my paper has been regular
and I have on many occasions received
more than my money's worth by one art-
ricle published‘in each issue. Your paper
is instructive and educational from cover
to cover. Wishing you success, Edwin
Cordery, Kent County. .

NEW LAMP BURNS 94% AIR

° Boats Electric or Can

I

 

A new on lamp that gives an amaz-
ingly brilliant, soft, white light, even
better than gas or electricity, has
been tested by the U. S. Government
and 35 leading universities “and
found to be superior. to 10 ordinary
oil lamps. It burns Without odor,
smoke or noise—no pumping up, is
,,sim.ple,._c‘lean, safe.
and.6% common kerosene (coal oil),

Tlie inventor, AIR. Johnsonkggp   

1 .
, north. * ;. refer. ‘-
And it’s not the gold’that ‘is‘taklng- "
It is Strange. .almostt‘ﬂi
un’believedly strange—ewhat 'I am, gov 7
ing to Fell you. .. Today we are-seek“,
And up thereg.
two hundred.» miles in the north,ran—¥..i'

It just happens“ 'f
that the gold is there.‘ You‘ WOuld-i‘r
n’t guess that for’ more thangforty«

He has opened ‘

Burns 94% air ~ ‘

 
 
  
 
       
   
  
    
  
  
  
   
   
 
 
  

   

  
  
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   
    
   
    
   
 
  
   
  
   
    
      
      
   
    
    
  
   
  
   
   
 
 
  
 

  
   
   
   
  

 

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A

FOR YOUR PROTECTION! '

.   HE following 'Fire Insurance Un-

derwriters rules should be pre-
served and studied. The pro-
per installation of a radio set is not
a ﬁre hazard—but if the rules are

not followed, you may lose your in-.
‘ a; aurance, no matter what, the cause

_ '; of ﬁre may-bei—Radio Editor. '. '
’ . Radio Rules—National Electric Code

The following requirements gov-
erning the installation of radio re—
ceiving and transmitting apparatus
were placed in effect on 'April 29,

 1922.

For Receiving Stations Only
Antennaz— ‘

a. Antennas outside of buildings
shall not cross over or under electric
light or power wires of any circuit
of more than six hundred (600) volts
or railway or trolley or feeder wires
nor shall it be so located that a fail-

' ure of either antenna or of the above

mentioned electric light or power
wires can result in a contact between
the antenna and such electric light
or power wires. /

Antennasshall be constructed and
installed in a strong and durable
.manner and shall be so located as to
prevent contact with light or power
wires by sagging or swinging.

Splices and joints in the antenna
span, unless made with approved
clamps or splicing devices, shall be
soldered.

Antennas installed outside . of
buildings are not covered by the
above speciﬁcations.

Lead-in Wires_;-—- ,

b.. Lead-in wires shall be of cop-,

per, approved copper—clad steel ,or
other approved metal which will not
corrode excessively and in no case
shall they be smaller than ,No. 14
B. & S. gage except that approved
copper—clad steel not less that No. 17
B. &'S. gage may be used.

Lead—in. Wires on the outside of
buildings shall not come nearer than
four (4) inches to electric light and
power wires unless separated there-
from by a continuous and ﬁrmly ﬁxed
non—conductor that will maintain
permanent separation. The non—
conductor shall be in addition to any
insulation on the wire.

‘ Lead-in wires shall enter buildings
through a non-combustible, non—ab—
sorptive insulating bushing.
Protective Devices:—

c. Each lead—in wire shall be pro—
vided with an approved protective
device properly connected and lo-
cated (inside or outside the build-
ing) as near as practicable to the
point where the wire enters the build-
ing.» The proector shall not be
placed in the immediate vicinity of

-easily ignitable stuff, or where ex-
, posed to inﬂammable gases or dust

or ﬂyings of combustible materials.

The protective device shall be an
approved lightning Aarrester which
will operate at a potential of ﬁve
hundred (500) volts or less.

'The use of an antenna grounding
switch is desirable, but does not ob-
viate the necessity for _the approved
protective device required in this sec-
tion. The antenna grounding switch
if installed shall, in its closed posi—
‘tion, form a shunt around the pro-
tective device. '

Protective Ground Wires:—

d. The ground wire may be bare
or insulated and shall be of copper
or approved coppervclad steel. If of
copper the ground wire shall not be
smaller than.No. 14 B. & S. gage,
and if approved copper-clad steel, it

, shall not be smaller than No. 17 B.

& S. gage. The ground wire shall

‘ be run in as straight a line as pos-

sible to a good permanent ground.

'- Preference shall be given to water

-piping. Gas piping shall not be Iised
for grounding protective devices.
other permissable grounds are

grounded steel frames of buildings
or other grounded metallic work in
the building and artiﬁcial grounds
shch as driven pipes, plates, cones,

r  etc. . _. r.
 ~~ The'ground wire shall be protected
 " against :mechanicai injury. '

An Ap-
mp shall be, used
nd

 
  

-- mess ‘grouknd cla

\ permanent

' homes,

manner and shall not come nearer

' than two (2‘) inches to any electric

«light or power wire unless separated
therefrom by some continuous and
fime ﬁxed non-conductor making a
separation. This non-
conductor shall be in addition to any
regular insulation on« the wire. Por-
celian tubing or approved ﬂexible

' tubing may. be used for encasing

wires to‘ comply with this rule.
Receiving Equipment. Ground Wire:
f..- The ground conductor may be
bare or insulated and shall be of
copper, approved copper-clad steel
or other approved metal. which will
not corrode excessively mnder exist-

. ing conditions and in no case shall

the ground wire be less than No. 14
B. & S. gage except that approved
copper-clad steel not less than No.
17 B. & S. gage may be used.

The ground wire may be run in-
side or outside of building. When
receiving equipment grbund wire is
run in full compliance with rules
for Protective Ground Wire, in Sec-
tion d. it may be used as the ground
conductor for the protective device.

 

RADIO PHONE A11) T0 CROPS

EVELOPMENT of the radio tel—

ephone broadcasting service'will

save the country millions of
dollars in the saving of crops that
might be lost through lack of knowl-
edge of unfavorable weather condi-
tions approaching.

Heretofore the farmer has gone
ahead more or less blindly in the
harvesting of the crops, only to have
them destroyed in the ﬁelds by rain
snows, etc. Many of thesa farmers,
more or less isolated-from the Cen-
ters, were unable to get the inform-
ation in any time to’ be of use.

Farmers, however, like many
Others, are getting radio sets in their
and listen intently to the
broadcasting stations. With the co—
operation of the weather bureau,
both government and private broad-
casting stations are sending out the
weather reports twice daily, so that
the farmer by his ﬁreside and many
miles from the cities can. sit in his
home at night with some degree of
certainity as to what kind of weath-
er he will meet with.

Radio telephony as a medium for
the dissemination of weather fore—
cast: warnings and information to
agricultural interests became a real—
ity during the past year. With the
introduction of radio telephony the
the interior has increased enormous-
ly. On July 7 of this year there were
98 station in 35 states broadcasting

' weather forecasts and warnings daily

by radio telephone. .

It has come to the attention of
the government that .thousands of
farmers, realizing the importance of
these forecasts, have installed radio
sets to catch this information, be-
cause they realized that knowledge of
what to expect in the way of weather
Would save them many times hund-
reds of thousands of dollars.

The weather bureau does not own
or operate any wireless equipment.
The radio distribution work is ac-
complished through plants operated
by other government agencies, by
corporations and by private individ—
uals, and_without expense to the
weather bureau. '

Be careful that you trace every con- ~
nection through carefully, and) that
your connections are correct before

you turn on your current. A burn—

ed out vacuum tube is no good, and

a new one will cost you $5 to $6.50

each. With care a tube will give

from 500 to 1000 or more hours of

service.

 

There are bed-time stories from.
some broadcasting station every
night for the childrern. Are you en-
joying them? -

W
—WELL anasniierrn M. B. F.
I am  my check for $1 for

:we ml, r . 011. ~ I halvlepltaken
our, one 7 year-y and am we eased *
m l i.  , Lapeer

County,

IS F. Burbs-am.
 e um ‘ . am " '
, 

 

 

   
 

4

 

   
    
 
   
   
   
   
   
    
    
    
 
    
 
    
    
     
     
     
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 

   
  
 
    
     
    
   
    
    
   
  
 
  
  

   
 
   
  

the worms.

and you will

muscle. They
willing.

any age.

 

-<
O
S
g
['11
m

It helps them. shed their winter’s coat,
whets their appetite, tones up their digestion,
cleans out the bowels and kidneys, drives out:

Feed your workers Dr. Hess Stock Tonic

team before you that can do an honest day’s
work, Without a pant or a tremble of the

Excellent for mares in foal—and colts of
GUARANTEED.
Tell your dealer how many horses or mules
you have; he has a package to suit.
25 lb. Pail, $2.25
Except in the for West, South and Canada.
Honest goods—honest price—why pay more?

DR. HESS & CLARK Ashland, O.

151' Sprzhg Mir]: '

Time will mean money to you, Mr.
Farmer, one of these days

-—when spring comes on, when the
sun begins to shine.

The acres you plow, or harrow, or
sow, each day will depend entirely upon
the good condltion‘ of your team.

Condition them now with a course of

DR. HESS STOCK TONIG

You can feel it on the lines

soon discover that you have a

will be there for business—and

 

 

I s _p e n t :0
W a in perfect
my this Tom'c

Gunner Hess

M.D.. D.V.S.

100 lb. Drum, $8.00

(w. .

     

     
       
    
      
  
    
 
     
       
       
  
        
     
    
      
     
       
       
    
      
 
      
    
   
 
    
 
    
      
     
     
      
      
        
   
   
  
 

   

 

 

 

Sendno money

 

 

PICK OUT
AT 0"

PRlcEs GO UP WH
Study the list carefully.
out and bring in 00159
and from Los Ange ,
obtain' the matenal for
e hundreds of
REMEMBER WE MA

    
    
 

will close

Y

0E AS WHEN HE AL
ER

duﬁﬁwAgiodggtlhnﬁcﬁahnm‘
F THIS M
NOT PAYING JOBBERS, WHOLESALERS non ncni‘fs‘é‘s'i»'h8%¥§%i’$ﬁni°ml$‘én‘llf '

BUILD YOUR OWN

LONG RANGE RADIO!

WE HAVE A SURPLUS OF FINE PARTS 0N HA
-0RDER TO RAISE MONEY QUICKLY WE AR'ED AND IN

YOUR RE UIREMENTS FROM THE
IOUN

GOING TO
LIST

BE 1
WE VIOW “1

’1‘ OF CASH
E THEY BELONG!

Portland Malno.

If
few dollars that you unmet guard 30

a very will reach 1,000 to

Price

 

 

 

Ply Advertised t rice]
Postage on nrrivn

  
 

 

MUST HAVE IS

It contains every thin reed
rte from all over the conga-y, {Simulla'gako a mam 0mm tha" w," reach

Gal. to Couvor. B. c

SLASH PRICES “

D ORDER BY MA
REALIZED THE

to Havana,

powerful a set, you am
‘1,~100 miles bringing in

l—llandsome Rabbated Cabinet for __ . Prio.
6X21 in. panel, ﬁnished in light,  L’éﬁflafe “11183131 Condenser... 1g,
golden, dark or flsmish oak mahog- 19___Phone Conden n enser . . . . . . .. ,
amped maple (red) or black walnut ~0__Lm_ge Fold Bser . . . . . . . . . . . .. .20
stained gray e -——secnrely packed S 310 11 m Be'n r0010 Power Horn
3m: if. “183"1‘" “it: Mimi} 21—Westem Eléc'ci-s"séad"1‘>xaa.;s" $38
on an put together and stain in 22_(;00d 3000 Ohm Headphones H 5.10
y t 15 minutes Solid oak only 2 00 23-8631 Finish Panels—genuine h'o‘n'. '
' Jthgbis comes so much cheaper. be: ' ﬁhrﬁ‘wabSOlUi/ely dielectric—«built in
cause (1 the swim in packing ex« mm" *0 Prevent Warpln —3-16 in.
mm.) thick—handsome, unbreaﬁable. won’t
4—sme as No 2 knocked down.. 3.co 31“”: ﬁnger marks: Ham 1/8 in.—
5—Inrgc 3118 Perfection Varicmeter 2.50 5 79%}?1 'i'n- —  - -. - . . . . . . . . . . . .55
(Eggsr‘tsirgomplcm to make same (cx- 8a *9/ ‘xél in::Buill§  3 $3333. . 
7—_ reel.)l sure. ionisigt', . ion-z. range 2 5° 24:):Hffftdﬂiﬂe Sign hails—346 in. '
vanooou er— a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
sewerage?- balls—3% in.———gen- 2° 25—nsandsome 15 cent Black binding 40
mu m c any . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - - - - ' - - - - - - - . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9ﬁganoco'1dupller balls—3% in. gen- 20 2 ‘8 ndﬂome 10 cent black binding as
9 W1 (merry. . . . . . . . . . . .. . - - ~ - - - - - - - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10 Jumﬁﬂwr Stag/omrgum to 30 27;;Hand‘wmzerblack 1 in. knobs— 03
a. ve , per so 0 . . . . . . .. . u . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _ .
ll—Varlometer hardware complete. .30 28mtgme black 13~16 in. knobs— 0’
12—Audio Frequency gmnsgormer. . . 3.1g 23,_Peﬂectio:§l}2ﬁél. .Sﬁthi]. 1 . . . . . . 
lav—Radio Frequency runs ormer. . . 4.0 3 __Ph°ne k . .  . . . . _
14—-Rheost’;t   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  31“ 11:9 . . .  ‘ '_‘d‘(lu'b‘le I oiydle-SI 7‘
15-— V. . cet . . . . . . . . . . . . ..  \ "hone CHingb ‘  '
16—43 Plate Variable Condenser. . .. 8.00 ‘ value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . if“??? . is? .50
We also have about 2.000 handsome. Bed crystal detectors that w

‘ . glass enclo
out cheap, as we are some out of the crystal set busineu. .pnoe

I Michigan Rod and Lever Com

CORNER FRONT AND GLINTON STREETS

Pally,

  
 
   
 
 
  
   
 
 
   
 
  
   
    
  
  
    
     
   
  
  
   
 
      

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Cuba,

.50

    
      
        
     

 

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

  

      
  

 
     
 

 

  

  
   
   

TMAN
m: g MT. CLEMENS, MICHIGAN
HOPER SEND—NO—MONEY
033:3: PAY‘POOTUAN PRIOE nus PROPER nach Poona:
son SALE—NORT ’ own i“
PLANTS AND SEEDS SW00 Clover cleaned. "3180530 I) 
sun]: on. HENRY BAUKNE . B. Misha
urnwaannv run-r PER 1‘“st M°h~ ' ~ '
m, m g “.115 i3. as 3::
when midis best m . ‘ ludiu three smswssnnv PLANTS FOR one. can.
u s tram a... d 1 a 

gﬁ'ﬁrﬁg , .. his“???

Mon
. . . 44%" r poo
Evsrb rers 15,0 per' ’ red. ‘
“'1‘ “warm I.


 

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cannot

NIMWWQHS3W”W 

 

SPRING 
SUMMER

ENSE

Jim: at Worlds
% LowestPrices!

 
  

IMM

 
 

you ever saw!

would be possible. '

send for a copy.

We Serve3

IN THE WORLD --
L BE P

01' return your money

lo be without 1:.

 

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Deporonejnt -. 201 - aﬁcogMII. l

Philipsbom’s, Dept.

33‘9nrsarv
Style Book FREE!

Forget all you know about mail order
catalogs—for there never was one like
(his! PHILIPSBORN'S 312-page 33rd
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Styles Have Changed!
Om Approved by mm cm:

So diﬁerent are this year's styles that .he wo-
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owes it to herself to be posted on the styles.
Irene Castle, famous movie star and dancer
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"PHILIPSBORN’S 3 3rd A nnllznarv Stu le
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WIL ROMPTLY. CAREFULLY”
AND ACCURATELY FILLED. ' ‘

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We don't want to put our customers to the
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or mailing charge, so we pay it ourselves t

costs us one million dollars a_ year to prepay.
Be sure to share an these (army!

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H'ILIPSBORNS

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ck number

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EVERY ORDER

 

1590

 
  
  

 

 

201, Chicago,Ill. I

Please send copy of PHILIPSBORN'S Style |
and Shopping Guide for Spring and Summer. I

 

 
 
 
 

3"". f I

 

 r

 

 

\ . ,.

DON’T SAY DON’T
MOTHER writes and asks me
how it is possible to keep from
saying, “don’t” to children.

We agree that it is annoying‘to have
some one, any one continually say-
ing it.just naturally sets up. a feel-,
ing of irritability and a desire to do
thevery thing we are told [not to do.
It is a. perfectly natural trait of
character and that is why educators
say, “Don’t say don’t.” We are
dealing with human nature and must
take it as it is. If we can say, do
this, instead '01? don’t do that, we
are taking. a step in the right direc—
tion, do not seek to take away with-
out ~filling the gap. Nature abhors
a vacuum and children abhore to be
idle and idleness is not safe either
for children or adults. You have
heard how Satan seeks idle hands
to carry out his purposes.

Management is always better than
discipline, managing is preventing
the wrong, discipline iS managing af—
ter the wrong is done. Children
must have many things to interest
them, and we must in some way get
the best of the situation by planning
things out for them and keeping just
a step ahead. Make their occupa-’
tion legitimate but let them play in
their own way, we may give them the
opportunity but can not. and should
not supervise their play, they know
how much better than we do.

When my children were very
young I tried 'to teach them respect
for all material for all their pos-‘
sessions, toys, clothes, furniture, not
only their own but other peoples, to
allow a child to wantonly destroy
anything not wise, in the ﬁrst place
everything has some use, there is no
“junk” these days, and a habit of
destructiveness or carelessness is apt
to stick to one thru life.

I do not believe in punishing a
child because he has offended you,
nor in showing anger toward a child,
that is not judicial, just let the
wrong deed come back on the door,
do not interfere between the break-
ing of the law and the penalty. Na-
,tur never does. If you put your hand
on a hot stOve, it will be burned,
if you read in a poor light for long,
you will have a headache, the penalty
for straining your eyes——we soon
learn to be careful. Let a child
learn that if he breaks the laws laid
down by a kind and understanding
parent that he will surely in one
way,or another suﬁer for it and he
will soon reason out for himself that
it is much pleasanter and safer to
keep the regulations of the house-
hold, especially when he realizes
that father and mother and all the
rest come under discipline as well
as himself. The laws of God; the
laws of our country, the laws of our
state all must be obeyed, for only by
that method do we any of us have
peace, security or liberty. .

Here is a question, Do you, dear
Reader, believe in‘giVing the reason
for a rule or do you just say “be-
cause I say so?” It would be inter-
esting and perhaps proﬁtable to' get
any expression of opinion from some
thotiul mothers.

 

THE STORY OF DENTAL DECAY
’l‘ is difficult to explain how teeth
decay without using names and
words that are hard to under.-
Stand, but every intelligent adult
should have a reasonably correct
idea. about it, in order to help the
children to have sound teeth.
, Decay of the teeth always starts
from the outside surfaces, never
from the inside. The surfaces that
decay most frequently are ﬁrst, those
between the teeth, where one tooth
touches the other, second, in the
ﬁssures or rough surfaces on the toms
of the teeth where you chew, and
third, close to the gums where food
clings to the border of the.gums.
Meat will not cause the" teeth to de-
cay, because,- when it is decomposed
by germs, an alkali is produced and
the enamelbf the‘teeth'is not at;
tected by an alkali,,'———-an alkali is
just the opposite lofan, acid; The

 

,tliéiil-"pl‘ﬂc’e: nun can Del

1 .

 
 

Ahépartment for‘the W n . l ‘

Edited by MRS. 'GRACE NELLIS JENNF

enamel of the tooth is‘ made of crys- .
t’al-like rods "and between them is a. '
ce‘ménti‘n“ V substance " Which h‘o‘l’ds , 
 :. mama

   
 
 

  

 

 

dissolved by acids, especially by lac—_

‘ tic acid which is very easily formed.

fromsugar. When mill? becomes
sour it is caused by germs decomu.
posing'the sugar in the milk, pro-
ducing lactic acil which gives the.
milk its scurriaste; Starch {nods
if allowed to remain ‘in’the rumiqu
can be changed to sdgar by an in.-
gredient inthe saliva. The sugar
can then be acted upon’by the germs
in the mouth and can be changed in-
to lactic acid, so that it can 'be easily
seen that to leave starches and
sugars on the teeth for any length
of time is to. produce.some lactic
acid which can dissolve out the'
cementing substance between the
enamel rods. But in order that the
acid be Strong enough to actually
dissolve the enamel it has to be held
against the tooth surfaces for some
time. .

Using silk dental flassand a good'
tooth. paste or powder every day
will do much toward preventing de-
cay by keeping the teeth clean.
Both of these cleaning materials are
rather expensive and on. that account
I wrote to Dr. Gibson of the Michi-
gan Department of Health for direc—
tions for making a cheap and good
powder. Here it is I have tried it
and found it splendid. The cost was
65 cents and the quantity about a,

pint.
Place in a quart Mason jar the
following: Finest grade ~Eng1ish

percipitated chalk, 1/; pound; pow-
dered castile soap, 1% ounces; light
carbonate of magnesia, 1-3 ounce;
oil of cloves, 46 drops; oil of winter-
green, 35 drops; oil of sassafras, 35
drops; oil of‘peppermint, 18 drops;
saccharin, ﬁnely powdered, 4 grains.
The glass top should be securely
fastened and the contents vigorously

shaken. Let stand 24 hours, shak—
ing from time to time to hasten the
mixing process.

PARENT TEACHERS AGAIN
OW are the Parent—Teachers
' meetings coming along inthe
rural schools?

Not 'so many years ago American

:ﬂIDS TO GOOD DRESSING

ALI thought mysélf indeed secure,
So fast the door, so ﬁrm the‘lock; 
But, 10! he toddling, comes to lure , 

,unnpmr  " ‘-.

My parent car with timorour _'  "
knock. ’ _  . A '
My heart were stone could it with-_ _.
- stand '

- The sweetness of my baby’s plea,
.That .
“Please let, me iii—“eith only me!" '
I threw aside the unﬁnished book, 1
' ’ Regardiess of its'tén‘ip‘txinggcharms,

And, opening‘Widéthejdobryl. ,
'My laughing; darling in "rny"arins:‘.
Who knows but in eternity '
I, like a truant child, shall wait
The glories of a life to be
Beyond the Heavenly Father’s
gate?
And will the Heavenly Father heed:
The truant supplicating cry, ‘
As at the outer (1001- I plead,
“ ‘Tis I, 0 Father, only 1!"
Eugene Field.’

 

 

society was largely rural and Simple
in its organization, and in that day"
the school was nearer home. The
teacher was most frequently a son,
or a daughter of the neighborhood
or of an adjoining neighborhood and
knew and was known to practically
every home from which the children»
came. The school curriculum Was
elementary and well within the
knowledge of the average patron.
The parents knew what the school
was aiming at. '

How great the change. Today in
by far the majority of our communi-
ties teachers drop out of the un-
known. They are strangers
foreign, frequently indifferent and
sometimes hostile land. They neith-
er know the homes nor are known
to the homes which they serve.
The curriculum is complex and often
well—meaning with the purposes and
methods of the schools which they
support and their children attend.
These things ought not to be. -

The school is the. biggest collec-
tive undertaking of our communities.
by law every tax payer must con-
tribute to its suppo't and parents
are legally compelled to send their
children to school. In some c0m-
munities from twenty to forty per
ct-nt‘ of every data" paid in taxes
goes to the support of the ‘schoOls.‘

 

 

For Simplicity, Service and Style

Address orders to Mrs. Jenney,

Pattern Department, M. B. F.

Watch for our new Spring styles, order your catalog now. -

Catalogs 150.

Patterns 12c.

FASHION BOOK NOTICE

Send 120‘in silver or stamps

1923 BOOK OF FASHIONS, showing ,
Children’s Patterns, a CONCISE and COM-

DRESSMAKING, ALSO SOME POINTS FOR

signs of Ladies’, M'isse'S’ and
PREHENSIVE ARTICLE ON

THE NEEDLE (illustrating 30 of the various,

able hints to the home dressmaker.

 

A New and Stylish
' Frock

.5256. .With the ‘
waistline gracefully
normal, and _w1th .
simple pleasing lines,
this Style features a
very attractive
frock. It may be of
wool crepe, or of
crepe (1e chine. In
linen, and other
wash fabrics it is
also desirable. The
Sleeve is a now close
fitting model, that
may ﬁnished in
wrist e l b o \v
length.

The Pattern is cut
in 7 Sizes: 34, 36, 38,
40, 42, 44, and 46
inches bust measure.
38 inch size requires
4 7-8 yards ,of 26
inch material. The
width of the skirt at

 

 

  
 

  

 
 

 
 

  

  

  

   
 

be
or

  

  

  

   

   

  

   

  
 

the foot is about
2 3—4 yards.

. A Popular Style

 
 

  
 

4009. This is a
very _Servioeable
model.-*«~It may .be
made of linen, voile

 
 

or batlste or of ﬂan-
nel or silk. It is
nice in net, or chif—
fon, as s. gulmpe, for
"Jumper" or “sleeve-
less” dresses. 1 I

z The Patter-his cu

 
 

      
    
     
      

  

  

  

       
 

 
  

youthful, and .be-
coming "to most ﬁg-'
1 urea. ‘ '

~ .in'

for our UR-TO-DATE SPRING and SUMMER

color plates, and containing '500 de-'

simple stitches) all valu-

A Jaunty Top Gar-
ment for “The Boy"
’4248.‘Here is just
the coat to make a
boy comfortable and
to keep him warm.
The fr'o n.ts are
double breasted. The
sleeve is in raglan
style, with roomy
armscye. S e r g o ,
Cheviot, tweed' and
other coat materials
may be used for this
design.

The Pattern is cut
in 4 Sizes, 4, G,
and 10 years. A 6
year size requires 2
1—8. yards of 54 inch
material.

 

A Simple Popular

Style
4239. This is a
pretty suit model,

and one that may be
worn With 'a. separate

skirt. C‘repe, satin,
tricolette. and crepe
de chine could be

used, with braid or
hands of embroidery
for decoration. The
side clasing and
pretty’ neck line are

The Pattern in out 1 .
7 Lsizéis;  3.4,. .33.  .
46 l b 'r
are

  

timorous, baby knocking, ‘and ,

took '-

ina-

  
 
 
 
 
   
       
     
 
     
   

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- render.
>18. an eﬁective agency for the dis-

~of iciness an
.\,pathy and understanding between
the parents, and teachers and it all

leery to

edpl'e’sr money and the children’s
me. . School superintendents and'

teachers do not pretend to omni-
,.science,;biit on the contrary they are
painfully aware of their limitations,

and ‘good parents too feel their in-

Each group needs the encourage-
ment and help which the other can
The Parent-Teacher Club

' norance, the thawing

si’pation of
the creation of sym-

works for ~the beneﬁt of those con-

. cerned. ~

 

A PRACTICAL SUGGESTION
 E farmers wives, can earn extra

money by selling your eggs, buts
ter, etc., to .private parties liv-

' ing in town or city and get retail

prices for same. The women are
pleased to get nice fresh produce
and in no time you will have a nice
trade.

'About two weeks before Thanks-
giving I took my little book and pen-
cil and started down one city block
and in less than one hour I had
orders for 9 dressed chickens and
2 live ones, I dressed them this way.

'Scalded and picked the feathers off.

then weighed them, ﬁguring them at
30'cents per pound. Then I singed
them inside and out in fact scrubbed
them with a brush using warm water
and soap, then quickly rinsed them
in cold 'water, washed the liver,
heart, and gizzard and put inside
and hung up to drip, and dry.

delivered and oh, how pleased \the
twomen were, I delivered them the

 . efﬁciency to deal wisely with the ’
boys and girls that bless their homes. ’

s

They 
‘were all ready for the oven when

day before Thanksgiving and they"

gave orders for Christmas the same
day and they kept on wanting more
and still more.

Those~I sold were all young roost—
ers about six months old. I am a
Woman 60 years old and any woman
could do as I did. My customers
are all in one block. I sell eggs at
the same time or any other articles
I have to spare, I drive to the city
in an auto and have time to shop.
Try it sisters.

I should like to hear from some
readers who like to piece quilts. I
have some pieces that I do not need,
‘percale, gingham and plush and
would be glad to exchange for any
thing useful. .

Here is my recipe for Liver Sau-
sagezl pork liver, 1 heart, and any
bony fat and lean meat, usually the
head, wash and boil all together un—
til the meat falls off the bones, then

" put thru the grinder, salt, pepper,
__and sage, if you like. Mix thorough-

ly with your hands and pour a little

'of the strained liquor over but just

enough to moisten, not enough to
make it sloppy. Then pack‘ it in
small bowls or cups until almost
full, melt some lard and pour over
the dishes of meat. The lard hard—
ens and keeps the meat sweet, sau-
sage may be done this way, it will
keep for months. Then take off the
lard and slice for sandwiches or
table use, can be served with salad
dressing. Hope others will try this.
-——Mrs. G. W. Morgan, R. 3, Vicks—
burg, Michigan.

 

CARING FOR A FERN

I have raised wonderful ferns, a
Boston fern that was 12 feet in cir-
cumference, I always gave it all the
sun there was, in the corner of my
living room I had a South window
and an east window, just a nice place
for a fern. I always kept it in that
place and turned it arounds’o that
'it would grow evenly, I turned it

 

» "' vA\ w

or 9
H1113 acts at once
chcdcsColds' 24Hour‘s

"‘ \v

 

m 
nines ofacoldtakcHillsCi 

inim. Quickto m. siesta
lccold  ‘~

h

“ l

   
  
    
   
   
   

   

/

 

“last, beating them very stiff.

 

 Every,

   

is , _ t'w gig. r y.  year.
one Whoicame , K
fern they ever saw. I alwayswater
it with cold tea, I have made tea
when the family were drinking milk,
on purpose to water my fern; Dur-

ing the cloudy weathér of November ~

and December the plants do not re-
quire. as much water but when the

sun shines I usually water them once

a day.—Mrs. H. C.

CORRESPONDENCE COLUMN

Dear Readers—~I want to acknow-
ledge many letters that lie upon my
desk, some I want to answer person-
ally, others I want to print but can-

not get 'them in this issue, each one'

is appreciated and each one is read
over carefully, I think in a near
issue we will have the whole depart—
ment given up to letters and com-
ments on them, it would make in—
teresting reading and perhaps bring
us all a little closer in touch with
one. another; You can be editors
pro tem. How do you like the
idea?——Mrs. Jenney.

 

I noticed that a reader asks how to
remove ink stains from cloth sacks:
if she will soak them in kerosene
oil before she washes them, then
wash with soap and boil with some
good washing powder the marks will
all come out. If the reader wants a
quick pan—cake recipe will use 1
level teaspoon of soda to 2 cups of
sour milk adding ﬂour enough for a
thin batter or use a little less soda
and a teaspoon of baking powder,
will find them good—Mrs. I. C. B.
—~«I use this recipe but add 2 eggs
and a tablespoon of melted lard or
butter adding the whites of the eggs
This
makes the cakes very light, the pro—
verbial pinch of salt is always nec-
essary.—~Mrs. Jenney.

 

Readers have been very kind in
sending in the poem, Lasca, copying
it by hand. If it were not so long
I would be glad to ’publish it. ‘As
it is 'I have several copies and will
send them to thoSe ﬁrst asking for
them.—Mrs. Jenney.

Mrs. J. D. B.——As each sewing
machine company makes it’s own at-
tachment for hem-stitching it would
be necessary for you to write to the
company that makes your machine,
they could undoubtedlv nive'you all
the information you Wish.

Who can tell us something about
Patr‘on‘s Day organization, how long
leaders are elected for and whether
there are programs to be obtained.
———G. A.

Mrs. Celia A., Gobles, Michigan.— 1 f

If you will write to 'the United States
Department of Agriculture, for’De—
partment Circular 207, it will give
you full instructions for making a
paper dress form. Address your let-
ter to Washington, I). C. There is
no charge for these bulletins. The
making of these.dress forms has
been taken upby the extension work-
ers in the various States.

We should like to know whether
sausage that is to be canned by the
cold pack method should be made in—
to patties ready for serving or should
it be packed into cans in a mass?

Do you 'know a better method for
canning sausage? We should be
pleased to have this question ans—
wered in your paper.—Mrs. J. M.
-——I' have sent for the latest method
for meat canning and' will publish
the directions as soon as received.
Mrs. Jenney.

In answer to‘ Mrs. J. A., Honor,
Mich., issue of Jan. 20th, I wish to
state that the most convenient way
of labeling maple syrup cans is to
use a small portion of the syrup
itself to paste on label. This method
is recommended—E. E. Pauli.

The New Spring CatalOg will be
issued about February 1st. As soon
as it comes out I will ﬁll the. orders
that are on hand. It would be Wise
to send immediately for this splendid
new book, look it over well, choose
the patterns you are going to need

and orderlpromptly. -‘ Then'you ‘will

have your, patterns all ready ‘ to use
when, you want them. It always
takes aﬁweek to get thepatte'rns th'ru.
But‘o r'pattern’s sell so cheaply that

 
 

 :1.  .n .

aid— it was the nicest?

   

 

 

 

d ; t9 ,_ Wait, .2; few, 

  

o

 “  
' that’s the big  in. ‘.
successful baking,  r

 It determines failure or sub-
cess in baking, more- .
thananyotheringredient. ‘

If you do not always have
satisfactory bakings,change
to Calumet for just one trial.

It is pure: containing only
such ingredients as have
been ofﬁcially approved by.
U. S. Food Authorities.

Within the Calumet factor?
163 3- the largest and most :
sanitary on earth-hundreds
of skilled workers clad in
white are busily engaged in
lproducing the baking powder
‘tliat. is used by millions.
Human .hands never touch it.
‘ Its sale is 21/, times as much as
{that of any other brand. Pure in
the making—pure in the baking.

IA pound can of Calumet con-
‘tains full 16 ounces. Some
baking powders come in]?
r ounce instead of 1.6 ounce
cans. Be sure you get a
pound when you want it.

 

   
 

 
 

BEST BY TEST

 

W BAKING, POWDER

11m WORLD’S  BAKINGPOIVDER-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
 
 
    

all Paper

for An Entire Room

Here is a big Montgomery Ward offer! A DOUBLE

 LENGTH roll of wall paper for only 6c. Enough to
 paper an entire room 10x12 for as little as 820! This

 . includes Side wall, border and ceiling paper.
ﬁg . Send for our new book of Wall Paper Samples and see the MANY i
 OTHER bigr values we have ready for you. It shows you our complete new assortment
  ~«grass-clot .s, tapestries, oatmea papers, leather patterns, fabrics. And all at prices to
L ‘ ‘5: suit your pocketbook. Among the better grades, we have a big variety for only 50c and

? up per DOUBLE LENGTH roll. And remember, you get twice as much wall paper

in one of our 16-yard DOUBLE LENGTH rolls as in the ordinary 8-yard single roll.

_ E.

Remus:

Tins Wall Pane

  
 

  

Contains over 100 Actual Samples

Be sure _to get a copy of this book be-
fore planning your Spring decorating. It

made up of.actual large—sized samples. With
each Side wall is shown a sample of the border to
match. _Easy and pleasant to select your wall
paper this way.

Send for this interesting and valuable book
today. Ask for Wall Paper Sample Book, No.
192300 Address our House nearest you.

Montgomer

CHICAGO soar woa‘rH KANSAS crrv EOR'TLAND one.

\
“am-”
‘3‘
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1. ‘II / ' ii
i a " ' ‘ /
\\\l\ lily/{111774 r

SAINT PAUL.

\

 

Demand

Polar Bear Flour

Positively Best Flour Mency
Can Buy._ ‘

 
   
   
  
  

 
   
 

  
  

r/

ii

   
      

w FLOUR 
- ‘rueNinRAmLuNBfl‘

Manufactured by The New Era Milling (30., Arkansas City. Kant.

  
 
 
      

 

 

CentralStatu Managers,

MARlON, 1pm,, .  _

‘x ‘ Inns. ‘

 .  W.   

    

. -‘Nﬁ"-

. I . / ‘

 

o  " It..'y?“;‘r,
. , .4.» '.~/

if

 

-‘ ‘ '0 :i .

A Trial Bag will provc‘it! ’

      
         
      
     
     
        
      
    
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
    
   
 
  
   
 
 
 
   
  
   
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
   
 
  
  
 
 
   
   
    
 
 
    
    
    
  
  
    
  
   
   
   
          
     
   

 

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.13 t how do...
Kow Kare inercasc
the milk yield ?

Maybe you have beena regular user of How-Kare
in treating cow diseases, but you may haw never
fully realized that this famous cow medicine is being
used regularly in thousands of dairies to increase the
winter mill: yield.

Both uses are equally logical. Cow Diseases—
nearly all of them — arise from a lowered vitality of
the genital and digestive organs. Kow - Kare ré-
moves the cause by reaching these very organs and
restoring vigor. The milk yield is controlled by the
same set of organs. Dry winter feeds put a greater
strain on their functions and produce a lowered
vitality and yield.

Kow-Kare, fed moderately and regularly, gives to
the milk-making organs the added strength they
need to offset winter feeding conditions. A greater
milk yield cannot fail to result.

The expense of this Row-Kare treatment is de-
cidedly small. Most dairyrnen give a tablespoonful
morning and evening in the‘feed, one.Week out of
each month. The increaSed milk-proﬁt pays for this
a hundred-fold. —

No cow medicine can equal Kow Kare for the
treatment of actual disease. For twenty-ﬁve years
it has been the standard remedy for Barrenneao,
Abortion, Retained Afterbirth, Scour-s, Bunches,
Milk Fevers Lost Appetite. .

. .
Sold in we Sizes—largepackaze $1.25: medium 65c. at feed»

dealers, general stores. drauius. If your dealer is not sup-
pl ed . we will mail, postpaid. on receipt of price.

FREE Cow Book

We publish a very valua-
ble boolt on cow diseases
called, ' The Home Cow
Doctor" We will gladly‘
send you a copy iree if you
give us your dealer's name

DAIRY ASSOCIATION co., Inc.

 

 

 

.u cmsements inserted unr‘er tnls Heading tor reputaol. breeders of Live stack at-speum. ..1
rates to encourage the growing of pure-,rreds on the farms of our readers. Our advertising PSI.)
ls Thirty Cents (300) per agate line per Insertlon. Fourteen agate lines to the column inch
or $4.20 per inch, loan 2% for a order or paid on or before the 10th
of month followlng date of Insertion. UR AD AND WE WILL PUT IT I," TYPE
see how man line: it. will ﬁll. Address all letters

Ir FCTOPV. l‘llCHlGﬂN Fl'leEsn FARMER M+. CLEMENS. MIOH.

CATTLE

' HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN

32 L9. SIRE—~80 LB. DAM—HERE’S A BULL
bargain that will be snapped up quick, Born
le'. 3rd, 1921 read for hlgit service, nicely
mulrllged.d more l“: t s3 iblaghie f  Se
__ i , Sh “hm-n, ‘IS an). a grea gran «an r 0 mg (is
6 Iixorigmil. C3111.in?lticka 5? Sons. Williams— and Pontiac Komdy e, was 2nd

' 'h. "‘
'9#I;’3:i(.5¥w‘]‘ c_ Barney, Goldwater, iii

M h.
. 16—il‘tlfalld Chinas, E. J. Mathewson,

FREE, to you ca
BREEDEPS

 

 

 

 

 

To .14.- t .. . “an... ..o ml; «lawn:
00" list the date of any live stoc sa.
Michigan. If you are conelderlng a sale ad-
vise us at once and we wlll claim the date
for~ you. Address. lee stock Editor. M .2
F.. Mt. Clemens ,

 

Feb. Percher-

te t
. .79 lbs.
nd 653.10 . ilk in 7 days and 124.21
lbs. butter and_27f{9 90 lbs. milk in 30 days.
Bu“ _ 1c 1‘ B Ad . 1 lane 32 growls chai son 1}): Po1ntisc gﬁ 
._.. ‘ ' . Witt ros._ man. an er, a . . can (2 am on. e
- 17 “PM” Um” . dam of his site is also a 2nd rue Michigan
Jemnys' Clyde Godfrey cow in the Senior 4 . old 7 day division in
Mich. 1918 and her dam“ a 29.48 lb. .
, ._1 Charles \Vetzel A First check for $250. 0 lets him f_ o. 1).
song, Ithaca, Mir'h.‘ Whit. Pigeon, Mich. Pedigree and photo on
_ 1__110]a%l Chine; Archie ward, Brock request AL3ERT a_ w‘ni'_
, e, 1 . v rest
. 7—Htgl3e8ms. E. E. Butlers. 003dqu '30 "' wens st ' cmcago' "I

c . .

. 84%;:3 Whites. .Alexander 3: Bodi-

mer. Vassar. 1" -

. 13—Dur0c Jerseys, Scbaﬂer Bros, 0):
ford. Mich.

, 21—»Aberdeen-Anlzus.
Merrill, Mich.

 

 

‘ n and bulls. Heav produc' dams. Sire
gigs gallium averaging near? 1.1ool'igs. on yearly
trot. Free from «8.. 0.00 an .

Russell Brus- wounma oamv "in!

pg...» 6 Min. Mich.

 

 

ﬁ

 

 

CROSS EYES STRAIGHTENEDI

In One Visit, Without Discoir fort, Classes, Hospital) Chloreiona or
Ether and Facial Defects Cozretterl By A Simple Method

In Detroit, Michigan 7 ’
DR. W. C. WILLIAMS.

C hicago’s Eminent Specialist in Diseases of the

Eye, Ear, Nose and All Facial Deformities .

20 rs has noticed in the leading Write to his Chloe ' once for an ' lat.

3331,5639 cfymiltirope I,snd America—former ment. including a.  examlnaﬂon w in

Unite-l States Surgeon. correcting deformities ' title clty which places you under no obi n.

and defects egotlipt eyes atl'llld face weight-53$ DR. .w‘ CIWIW

. - e c —— - .

ﬁleiﬁ‘"§i’r‘imnt%2‘ 311113; eyielii snail  fatally ‘ Sveclallst In! 0 lar I090 Ind Faolal
mlties. an wi ‘ c n a pas 10!) e I r . .

2.3135: adew more cases while in omiilt. A» Suite 200.;State-Laks 163.. Gringo, Amman;

 

 

OCT. CLEARANCE SALE. WE ARE OFFERING"

 

 

 

_, inaniij 1921

‘MBABIlE iNoREASE in SPRING
I T PIGE NimoA'mp .

HE'number of sows bred, dur-
T ing the ﬁrst six months of
1923 will be 13 per cent more

than the number 0; sows which,
actually. farrowed in the spring of
1922, provided farmers carry out
their intentions as indicated in the
Becember 1, 1922, pig survey made
by the United States Department of
Agriculture. For the 11 Corn Belt
states the survey shows an intention
to breed 15.6 per cent more sows
than a year ago; Most of the south-

ern states show an actual decrease,

in prospect for 1923:—

The probable increase in farrow?

ings in the spring of 1923 over 1922
compares with an increase of 22.8
per cent in the spring of 1922 over
1921 in the 11 CornBelt states. The
spring pig crop of 1922 in the south—
ern states was about the same as in
1921. Comparisons for other states
are not available.

Whether or not the expressed in-
tentions of farmers with regard to
the number of sows t’b be~ bred to
farrow next spring will be carried
out will depend largely on'the rela-
tive prices of hogs and corn, the De-
partment says. ‘

An actual increase of 16 per cent
in the number of pigs in 1922 over
.1921 is shown in the December sur-
vey as compared with the estimated
increase of 14.5 per cent shown in
the May survey. The number of
pigs sawed per litter up to July 1,
1922, in the Corn Belt states is plac-
ed at 5.8 as compared with 5.7, saved
up to May 1.‘ This increase in num-
ber of spring pigs in 1922, the De-
partment says.

The number of litters farrowed in
the United States in the fall of 1922
shows an increase of 18.6 per cent
over the fall of 1921. An increase
of 27.8 per cent is Shown for the 11
Corn Belt states as compared with
an intended increase in these states
of 49 per cent in the number of
sows to be bred for fall farrowing,
as reported last’May. The survey
shows that in the Corn Belt states
6.1 pigs per litter were" saved in the

fall of 1922 as compared with 5.9'

pigs saved from the 1921 fall litters.
For the entire United States a saving
of 61 pigs per litter in the fall of

i 1922 as compared with 6 pigs per

litter in 1921 is shown.
The decrease in actual number of

1 pigs produced last fall as compared

with intentions of farmers the pro.
cecding May is attributed to the de-
cline in hog prices, increased corn
prices, increased losSes from hog
cholera and other diseases, and of the
publicity given the results of the
spring pig survey made by the De—
partment of Agriculture. Losses
from hog cholera. and other diseases
in the 11 Corn Belt states for the
year Show an increase of 22.6 per
cent over losses-in 1921.

The Department received for this
report more than 200.000 replies to
questionnaires distributed and gath—
ered by rural mail carriers in all
sections of the United States where
pigs are produced for market. The
surVey is but the second of its kind
that has been made and there has
not yet been opportunity to» check
any diﬁerences that may exist be-
tween the ﬁgures shown for the
farms reporting and those for all
farms. It is pointed out, however,
that the forecast made last spring
of an increase of 14.5 per cent in the
number of spring pigs over the pre-
ceeding year is being borne out by

fthe increased volume of receipts at

the principal stockyards during the
past three months. The surVeys also
show that the production of fall
pigs in proportion to spring pigslhas
increased materially during the past
two years, thus making a more stab-
ilized supply of pigs throughout the
ear. ' ,

y The Department points out that
increased production does not nec-
essarily. mean an over-Supply or do-
cline— in prices. Total receipts of

hogs at all public smokyards'during .-
,the ﬁrst 11 months of 1922 were 5-

per cent more than in 1921. 'Dur.
ing the last four months of 1922 the
increase totaled nearly 20 per cent.
The number of hogs slaughsered

under Federal inspection ﬂaring-the .

mute periodiwas 7471 
M e. W

the 11 months.

'she give more milk?

weight of pork and. lard -resi‘titl-itg ,
from this slaughter shows-an. in "
crease of 461,246,080 pounds ff
Deeplte these i .
creases old storage holdings 0!. punk
and, lard averiged considerably less "
than during 1921 and prices mow-adv

a substantial advance over 19211; The '

Department’s ~-expla.na”tlon for this. 

situation is that improved industrial  '

and econmnic conditions resultedlu .5

an increased consumptive domnhd, 
and a 'muc‘hireer, current movement ,.;
of pork and laid into trade channels. 

MILK PRODUCTION LOW

I have a full blood Jersey cow,
eight years old, fresh the 4th of
November. She gives only about
‘nine quarts of milk a day, but a.‘
wonderful amount of cream. Should '
_ we just pur—
chased her two weeks before she
came fresh and she was recommend-
ed highly.
butter will not gather and I can do

“nothing with it, which is a’ loss. xWe ‘

feed her cornstalks, carrots with
ground oats and cornmeal. »W0uld
be grateful indeed if you. can ad—,,
vise me through your papery—F. B.,
Frankfort, Mich. ' .

—~—It is very difﬁcult matter to tell
why your Jersey cow does not‘glve
more milk this year without knowing
more about the cow that youswga
in your inquiry. I' cannot tell
whethershe ought to give more milk
or not. If Shebas given mom milk -
in .the past, perhaps she is «imply '
taking a year off and cowp do this
now and lhen. The fact that the.
cow is~ eight years old may account
for the fact that she is gradually
giving less milk. Some cows are
old when eight years old While
others are not old until 12 years.

" It all depends upon how they are

fed and cared for'in early life./
There is no reasort why the cream .\

should not churn well, if you have \_

all the conditions right for churn-i
lng.‘ The feed that you are feeding

would not- affect the churnabélity of

the cream in‘any way. The cream

always churns better if allowed to

sour ﬁrst and during cold weather

we know that it takes longer to

sour than in warm weather. So if

you have been making sour cream

butter you should see that the cream

is just as sour as it is in summer

time or any other time when you

had no trouble in making butter.

This can be accomplished by putting'
it near the stove to give the bacteria

souring. It may be too that your

cream is too cold when you start

in to churn and it will only foam or-
whip. The temperature for churn-

ing at this time of yeﬁ‘should be

around 55 to 60 deg see, but is

very easy to have the cream from

30 to 40st this time‘ of year and at

this temperature you need not ex-

pect the butter to gather very fast.

Place tlre can containingr the cream

in a but of hot water or allow it to

stand near a stove for a while be-

fore churning until "the temperature

is right. These are the principal

things that you have to guard.
against in overcoming difﬁcult

churningat this time of the year.—~—~

,0. E. Reed, Professor of " Dairy

Husbandry, M. A. C.

RATION FOR MILK COWS

Would you please tell me a bal—
anced ration for my milk cows. I
have plenty of good corn silage. I
would consider it had just about
the right amount of corn in it. I
also have plenty of good timothy
hay but no clover, this will be their
main feed with a little bean straw’
and shelled cor‘h stalks.
plenty of oats. What should I buy
to go with, it and what amountand
how much shall I feed? Is‘buck—
wheat bran good?-——T. 8., Sterling,
Mich.

Now, when I churn thew»?

.e

I have .

_._.It is very diﬂlcult to make up ﬁn   '-

economical ration far- your, milk
cows with the feeds-you have~on_

hand. Any ration. that has for its' V_

base as s‘roughage, timethy hay

and corn, fodder withhut clover-her 

or alfalts' in it, isalways cupcake... 5'

As nitration; howevergfer your cows;  ' '

v

I would Suggest the following: also.

. they w_ ill clean“; l an

read 999

 


 
 
   
  
    

  
   
    
 

,‘Y _L-will 11nd this-l ‘ v .
,lns’iVe ration, but it you are so-
,g to make one that'will give the
, w 'the nutriments she must have,
i .where you' haven’t alfalfa ’or clover
ay, you will ﬁnd that the ration

  

 
  
 
  
 
 
 

_ or will undoubtedly cut this amount
: of grain down, but in- so doing the
.-.cows ‘will either cut dov'vn their milk
gilow‘or the good cows will take off
[a lot of,,ﬂesh‘from_their bodies to
, produce milk andrcome out in the
spring in very poor’condition.

V . BuckWheat bran makes a com-
paratively good feed. As compared
'vtoqwheat bran it only contains 2.4
,pﬁ’unds protein. while wheat bran
‘contains‘ 12.2——-.O. E. Reed, Professor
 Dairy Husbandry, M. A.

 CHEMICAL ANALYSIS QF CARROT
 1 " AND ONION ,
 _W’hat is‘t’he chemical analysis of
 a carrot, also an onion? Are carrots
'3. good dairy feed? How many should
-3 be fed at one meal and how many
mealsﬁ day? I have been told they
. would kill a cow it given carrots
‘ twice daily.——-H. E. H., Alma, Mich.
-—Th'e,analysis of the digestible nu:
trients contained in carrots and
onions is as follows:

Carrots: Total dry matter in 100
pounds, 11.7;«crude protein, 0.9; car-
bohydrates, 8.6; fat, 0.2; total 9.9.

Onions: Total dry matter in 100
pounds, 12.4; crude protein, 0.8;
carbohydrates, 9.6; fat, 0.2; total,
10.8.

, Carrots make an exceptionally
 _ good feed; for dairy cows. They can
v,‘ " be fed in quantities of 30 to 35
’ pounds per 'day in two feeds along
_ with plenty of good roughage, pre-
 ' - ferably clover hay or’ alfalfa and
’ with what grain the animals require.

I would not advise onions as a
dairy feed, while cows do eat wild
onions in the spring and seem to
crave them, very largely because
.’ ‘ , they are one 01 theﬁrst things that
. -  T   ' is green in the spring, we ﬁnd that

,   - the milk is tainted with the odor of

. ' the onions and as market milk is
  .. very undesirable and is not at an
‘ desirable when the cream is going to
’. J   be made into button—40. E. Reed,
 {if  Professor of Dairy Husbandry.'

 
     

 
  

  
 

  

 

 

 

POLLED SHORTHORNS’ AND RED
' ~ POLLED
What is the difference between a
Polled Shorthorn and a Red Polled?
I would like to know how they com-
pare in size, milk, etc., with Dur-
hams.—eL. O. T., ,Johannesburg,
Michigan. _
:-—-The Polled Shorthorn and Red
Pulled cattle are tWO distinct breeds,
., . the Polled Shorthorn. having been
3 5"”, . _developed in the United States and
 the Red Polled breed in England.
“ The Polled Shorthorn and the
Shorthorn, sometimes called Durham
cattle, are of one and the same breed.
The Polled Shorthorn is red, white,
red “and White, or roan in color,
.whereas the Red Polled is always
red. " The Shorthorns are 1 larger,
somewhat quicker maturing and of
bettér conformation, as a rule, than
"‘ .the Red Polled, I would say also
that'the Red Polled is perhaps a
‘ somewhat better milker than the
Polled Shorthorn, although there are
strains of dual purpose Shorthorn
cattle that are fully as good milkers
as the Red Polled.'———Geo. A. Brown,
Prof. of Animal Husbandry, M. A. C.

 

 

 

COW TESTING ASSOCIATIONS
~ TELL TRUTH TO DAIRYMZEN- '
HE study of production records
T of’large numbersof cows, made
r possible by: the Work or a the

a; ‘ many-cow-testing associations I that
-;' theme been organized in almost every

 ‘  of the Country, has brought out
a" va grist of iniormation on the pos-
.  sibilities of dairy-cow improvement
.'  on the efficiency of various
 methods and practices. The records
X? of manuthousands of cows-have been
I, ' gone over-in the last few years by
 " theguni d. States Department ‘ of Ag-

3.

 
 
   
 

  

      
      

 

‘-,~ , .
‘5';

   
  

  
 
 
  

p1,..eza1'7si to? the mghestrroducins
. it?! demo or 5'9 pounds 11

v ...increase r of

  

  

    
  

twill alwaysbe expensive. ' The feed:

r

From the ’lowestV-producing'grou‘p ,

teriat‘ production was ace“, ‘

,1 day left. V
Kipper‘oﬂ, so I ask you? Pat, if
, you are» entitled. to a raise?”

'  “bear
' 1 turns. assumptions: v its-mgr

 cent more. v-thau: thegav- -
stage ‘ '11- the dairy" cows] in the

“country. “The records .
selection" 01 animals: and better meth-

   
 

‘ ods of feedi'ng raise averageproduc—

tion rapidly during the ﬁrst yearjorl
two that the cow—testing association
is-‘in operation, but the ﬁgures for
subsequent years show small gains.

- This is proof enough that there is

still much room for improvement in
the breeding of cow—testing associa-
tion cows. ‘

Each year. more farmers realize
the value of the testing association
as a basis for herd

associations, including
12,458Therds and 215,321 cows, as
compared with 452 associations the
previouslyear. Wisconsin and Minn-
esota, two, of the greatest dairy
States, showed great gains in testing
associations. During the year the
[number in Wisconsin grew from 103

_to 127, and Minnesota from 23 to 37.

 

MILKING AND FEEDING TIME\,\
T has. long been a rule on well-\
managed dairy farms to milk and
feed the cows at the same hours
every day. Regularity was always
thought to have a beneﬁcial effect
on production. However, experi—
ments carried on by the United
States Department of Agriculture on
the Government farm at Beltsville,
Md., have showu that cows of aver—
age production milked at the same
hours every day produced but slight—
ly more milk andslightly less butter—
fat than those milked at random,
provided the feeding was done at
regular times. When the feeding as
well as the milking was done. at
random hours the cows produced
about 5 per cent less of both milk
and fat. -

__ VETERINARY __
I DEPARTMENT

OURE FOR LICE

Would you please tell me what'to
use on cattle for cattle 1ice?—.M. E.,
Empire, Michigan.

During moderate weather when
cattle will not be injured by being
wet, an excellent remedy for lice is
any one. of the coal tar dips. We
have used both Kreso and Zenolium
with very satisfactory results, using
about one partrbf-t—he dip to sixty
parts of luke-warm water; applying
it to the cattle with either a spray
pump or brushing it in with a brush.
Two applications at intervals of two
or three weeks are necessary to elim—
inate the lice and this will not do
it unless pains are taken to cover all
parts of the animal's body which
the lice frequent.

For use during real cold weather,
an excellent lice powder can be made
by combining equal parts of pow—
,dered naptha ﬂakes, ﬁnely powdered
tobacco dust and sulphur, which can
be sprinkled onto the cattle—George
A. Brown, Prof. of Animal Hus-
bandry, M. A. C. '

 

An Irishman working for a Hew-
brew asked for an increase. in pay.
The Hebrew replied: “If you are
worth it, 1 'would ~be pleased to give
it to you. Now, let us see what you
do in a. year, Pat.

“We have 365 dam in a year;
you sleep 8 hours every day, which
makes .122 days you sleep, taken
from 365 days leaves 243. INow
you have 8 hours’ recreation every
day which makes 122 days taken
from 243 days leaves 121 days. We
have 52 Sundays in a year which
you have off, leaving you 69 days.
You have 14 days’ vacation; take
this off and you" have 55 days left.
You don't work Saturday afternoon: ’-
this makes 26 days in a year. Take
this off and you have 29 days left.
Now, Pat, you allow' 1 1-2 hours for
meals, which totals in a year 28
days. Take this off and you have,
I always give you Yom

N I p . Pat
the-n answered,"‘WelI, what have I

been doing, then?” “

 

  mods: Ann para-Ian-" 
Mr. Slocum—v4, am enclosin ' I 1.0
for which please enter my ‘ Subsg‘igitiog
or 2

offer}...m‘ this: W , week’s
today and, it was
better than: when “(I

   
 

  
 
 

   

_ sweater ,. .2 ‘ ' 1

show  that -

improvement. 0
On July 1, 1922, there were in op- '
.eration 51

digger, ~

or this

Why is it that there .
in use today as all

and clean than any other

separator.
Lavals.

itself.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

state.

 

De Laval.

 

NEW YORK, l65 Broadway

you account  

Why?
testing the skim-milk, and by experience, that
the De Laval is the most proﬁtable.
know that a poor separator can soon waste all
their proﬁt and that a De Laval soon pays for
The De Laval you use is built on the
same principle as the creameryman’s.

Of the exhibitors at the National
Dairy Show use De Laval Separatols

At the 1922 National Dairy Exposition an
investigation among the exhibitors of purebred
dairy cattle disclosed the fact that 86% of them
use De Laval Separators.
purebred dairy cattle are the cream of the
world’s best dairymen—they know the best
separator and use it.
Laval cream also won ﬁrst place in every class.

Of the Separators in the lead
butter state are De Lavals ~

More butter is made and more cream separa-
tors are used in Minnesota than in any other
According to an investigation by a prom-
inent farm paper, 64% of the cream separators
in Minnesota are De Lavals—almost two out of
every three.
ply drives home the fact that the more people
know about separators, the more they appre-
ciate De Laval.

Of' all cream Separators are
De Lame -

——~according to an investigation by a group of
~prominent farm papers of wide circulation.
There are, still, many inefﬁcient and worn—out ,
separators in use today which are wasting
enough butter-fat to pay for new De Lavals.
Get the most out of your butter-fat with a new
See your De Laval Agent or write us.

        

are approximately as many De Lavals:
other makes of seprators combined? For
ust one reason, which is based on the actual experience of several mil-
ions of users over a period of 'torty years, who have found it the most
satisfactory, in that it sklms cleaner, lasts longer and is easier to operate

Of the best creameries use 1
De Laval Separators~ '

The creameryman knows the best cream
Practically all of .them use De

Because they have found by
They

These exhibitors of

Butter made from De

0

A remarkable record——Which sim-

The De Laval Separator Company

CHICAGO, 29 E. Mullson Si.

SAN FRANCISCO, 6| Beale St.

 

FOR SALE—REG. HOLSTEIN BLILLS FROM
A R. (l, dams romlv for service.
WM. GRIFFIN, R. 5, Howell, Mich.

FOR SALE—SEVERAL REGISTERED HOL-
stem cows. bred in my Rag Apple sire. Tuberculin
tested. Geo. H. Schlader, R. 2, Free'and, Mich.

FOR SALE—REGISTERED HOLSTEAIVN cows

 

 

give from 60 lbs. to 88 lbs. milk. $104) in £2170.
Would like to Warm whore Would be iir-stvltlﬁ‘ ’
BACON BROTHERS, Plttsfor‘d, Mich.

 

WNATIONA‘FA‘RMH

For sale—2f) 110ml llorrletcrud llolstcins ’l‘. B.
tested. 1 Registered l't‘rclmrnn stnllinn. 1 Register-
ed Percheron more J. F. lady, Vassar. Mich.

SHORTHORNS ~
iiﬁhWiu“bouni-v"sHonrHonN BREEDERS
offer the best in beef and milk strains. All ages,
both sexes. W. S HUBER. Sec’y. Gladwln, Mich.

 

 

HIEHlANﬂ SHﬂHlHﬂHNS

We offer one red, low down, thick bull calf ﬁfteen
months old, also one roan calf ﬁfteen months old.
A bargile if taken at once. Also a few young
cows \vitr calvesuai foot.

C. H. Prescott & Sons
Ofﬁce at Herd at
Tawas City, Mich. Prescott, Mich.

A POLLED SHORTHORN HERD BULL 2
years old. Scotch ()rangeblussom Family. Fit to
head any herd. Younger ones for sale.

L. C. KELLY & SON, Plymouth. Mloh.

FOR SALE—ENTIRE HERD 0F SHORTHORN
Cattle. Cows, heifers. and cows with calves by side
Priced to sell. ‘ B

 

 

Satisfaction guaranteed. T. I
tested. Write now.
H. E. LIVERMORE, Romeo, Mich.

 

  

 

\

 

 

Auction Duroc Jersey Swine
, " 0N
Tuesday, March 13, 1923, 12 o’clock

We will sell Registered Duroc Jerseys consisting of

7~ BOARSuBS SOWS’and" GILTS

Bred to “SENSATION MARSI”
' AT ' I
VFarmeileseastofOxfordonRochesterRoad.  V

Catalog on request free: Mail, bids to Mr. R. Clark,   

 

 

 

    
   
         
     
 
   
   
       
     
     
   
    
      
       
        
       
       
          
        
       
       
      
        
        
        
         
       
     
     
      
    
   
  
  
 
 
  
 
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
    
  
  
   
   
    
    
     
    
    
      
    
   
   


Apply ,' it to Any Rupture, Old or
Recent, Large or Small and You
are on the Road That Has
Convinced Thousands

 

‘ Sent Free to Prove This

Anyone ruptured, man, .Woman .or
child; should write at once to W. S. Rice.
408B Main St” Adams, N. Y., for a free
trial, of his wonderful stimulating appli—
cation. Just put it on the rupture and
the muscles begin to tighten; they begin
to bind together so that the opening
closes naturally and the need of a- support
or truss or appliance is then done away
with. Don’t neglect to send for this free
trial. Even if your rupture doesn’t
bother you what is the use of wearing
supports all your life? Why suffer
this nuisance? Why run the risk of
gangrene and such dangers from a small
and innocent little rupture, the kind that
has thrown thousands on' the operating
table? A host of men and women are
daily running such risks just because.
their ruptures do not-hurt nor prevent
them from getting around. Write at once
for this free trial, as it is certainly a
wonderful thing and has aided in the cure
of ruptures that were as big as a man’s
two ﬁsts. Try and write at once, usmg
the coupon below. L

 

Free for Rupture

W. S. Rice, Inc.,

408B Main St., Adams. N. Y.

You may send me entirely free
a Sample Treatment of your stim-
ulating application for Rupture.
Name
Address
State

 

 

 

 

       

   

0

18m

A Remarkable Home Treatment
1 Given by One,Who Had It

In the year 1893 I was attacked by Mus- J
ruler and Sub—Acute Rheumatism. I sutl'ered as ~.
only those who are thus afﬂicted know for over
three years. IAtried remedy after remedy. but:
such relief as I obtained was only temporary. .,~
Finn'ly, 1 found a treatment that court meg
completely and such a pitiful condition hasf
never returned. I have given it to a number who ""
were terribly aillieted, even bedridden, some of'

Rh

  
        
         
        
      
          
 
          
 
       
       
   
  
   
 
 
 
 

    

them seventy to eighty yours dld, and the
results Were the some as in my own case.

I want every sutferer from any form of mus-_
culnr and sulrm-ute (sumlling :it the joints)f
rheumatism to try the great value of my im-J
rovcd “Home ’l‘reatment" for its remarkable
ienlim,r power, Don‘t. send a vent; simply mail
your name and address, and I will send it free
to try. After you hare usel it. and it has prov-
en itself to be. that long-looked for means of
gettingr rid of such forms of rheumatism, you
may send the, price of it, One Dollar, but un‘
derstnnd I do not want your money unless you

are perlm‘tly satisﬁed to send 1t. Isn't that filir?‘l,l§
. Why suffer any longer, when relief is thus of‘ ‘5,
fered you frm'. Don’t delay. A'rite today
MARK ll. JACKSON
265.! llurston Bldg, Syracuse, N. Y.
Mr. Jackson is responsible. Above statement true.
.., x x,»£WWEWJ~W

, s

“'"A‘ FINE run con

Made from Y0 II I" 0W II
Horse or Cow Hide.

We make this coat to measure
from the hide you send. Write-
us for special low price.

« Any Kind of Skln

. We make up any kind of skin to

suit your needs.

Also Ladlqs’ Coats and
Furs, Robes. etc.

We have been in the tanni

business since 1878 and guaran-

tee satisfaction

 E Book of styles of Men’s

and Women’s furs.
Writefor it today
Reading Robe & Tanning Co.
116 East St. Reading, Mich.

 

 

 
   
  
 
   
   

 

 

V Ilium”...

L

Is your own horse afﬂicted?

H E  E 5 Use 2 large cans.‘ Cost $2.50.

Money back if not satisfactory
ONE can at “.25 often sufﬁcient. In powder form.

Moat for coat  N E  N’s

   

      
  

2/:/r= Horses, Cattle and ‘H089.
Heaves, Coughs, Distemper.
\.  ‘* _ Endigiestion. Worm elxpeller.

‘ ‘ 0nd tloner. At dea ers' or
so 70"" “15 by parcel post.

mi: NEWTON REMEDY co.. Toledo; Ohio

, F swmsr ulircli

I 5' kee t, given for seJling only 40
k *‘ ’ pac aofvegetahle orﬂowerseeds
(mentionvwhich) at 10¢ per lune
pack. Easily Bold— EARN BIG
MONEY 0R PREMIUMS. Get
samplelottoday. Send no money.
wo trustyou till seeds are sold.

AMERICANSEED o'o. 1.2::3;.‘.?.‘3-..

  
   

 

‘4'

 

. i . . x,

 
  

7. llRuptiirécl ’ I '  i
v Try IbisFree

 

 

 

A veterinary's compound for, :

is 19 years old».

  

  
 
  
  

   

‘BAYING MOTHER'S BILL
TEN-YEAR—OLD Oxford lad
heard a, conversation about
certain bills to be paid and

conceived the idea of making out a.

bill for his own services. So next

morning he laid this statement of
account on his mother’s breakfast
plate:

“Mother owes Willie for carrying
coal six times, 20c; for bringng
water lots of times, 30c; for going
errands, 150.” His mother read
the bill, but said nothing about it.
*That evening Willie found on his
plate the 75c and also another bill,
which read as follows: “Willie owes
mother for his happy home for ten
years, nothing; for nursing him
through a. long illnesss nothing;
total, nothing.” .

When Willie saw the 75c he wal
pleased, but when he read his
mother’s bill his eyes grew dim and
his lips uivered. Then he took the
money to his mother, threw his arms
about her neck and begged that she
would let him do lots. offthings for
her. Mother’s bill is rarely present-
ed, but it will pay each one. of us to
think it over ourselves, and then
settle in love and service.

EAR Nieces and Nephewsz—
The above was sent to me by
Nephew Lee Valentine of Ox-

ford, Michigan. It is so true that
I want all of you to read it.

Many times you feel that your
folks ask you to do so many things,
and particularly when you are play—
ing’some game that is very interest—
ing. I know just how it is. When
I was a boy I was no better. I
used to think that I did most of
the work around home while all the
work I did in one day did not amount
to more th 11 two or three hours and
sometimes of that much. It seemed
that mother always wanted me to
run some errand for her Just at the
time I always wanted to play, and
I felt just like asking for pay for
the work I was doing. I never ask
but mother dften gave me money
When I did something for her and
I greedily accepted it believing she
owed it to me for my labor. Mother
never presented her bill and it was.
not until I was nearly grown-up
that I realized fully what she had
done for me.

Father will do all that he can
but it is mother that does most of
the sacrincing. It is she who shares
more closely all your joys and sor—
rows. Do not be impatient and rude
when she asks you to help her.
Remember that many, many times
mother sacriﬁces in more ways than
one to give you some pleasure,
like a. new toy or doll, or a party,
etc. Do not present your bill to
mother because it will keep you
busy half way out of debt to her.

What great man was born 114
years ago the 12th of this month?
You have guessed it. I hope the
day is observed at your schools in
a manner ﬁtting. If you are not go—
ing to have a program why not ask
your teachers to discontinue classes
the last two hours of school and
read about Lincoln to the pupils. I
am sure if you get together and ask
that, your tachers will be pleased
to do this.

St. Valentine’s Day will also come
and go before you hear from me
again. 'I' hope you all get many
valentines. UNCLE NED.

opn BOYS AND GIRLS
, Dear Uncle Ned2—I have written
to the M. B.’ F., before and I saw
my letter in print. I have 5 brothers 1
and one Sister. Myyoungest brother
He is in the Navy
at theSubmarine Base in Panama.
Ihad a" brother older than him in the

iWorld War. He died IrOm the ef-
fects »- of. diphtheriagsplfle enlisted
when only 17 years old. We have

‘ school.

lived in Michigan since I was small
We lived in Iowa. before we came
here. I am in the 8th grade at
We have a ﬁne teacher.
Your niece—Myrtle Neumann, Glen-

nie, Michigan. V- '

 

 

Dear Uncle Nedz—I am "a’g‘lrl --13

years old. and turbo ~7thzigrnde. (I. .

,r, 3"".

us xi.ﬁ‘-.~I-M‘:a"u‘nuvr<> ~ ~—  Siii’rifmmﬁawicx- <

       

like my teacher. We had five
weeks vacation. I had some‘fun the -
last week. I went over to my cous-

ins and stayed from Tuesday until
Friday. Will scme of the. girls

Write to me?—Ruth Ream, R. No. 1,,

Clayton, Michigan.

Dearest Uncle Ned—I have writ?
ten before, but as you know, I have
told you in my lastletter, that I
have no dear mother, as I lost her
last July 15, and it is very lonesome
without her, so I am writing again.
We have been playing in the snow
today, to keep me from being'lone-
some. It is very windy tonight. Last
night it was cold. and frosty and to-
day it looked like spring had begun.

My birthday comes on the 18th of'

November. I am 16 years old and I

wish many of the, boys and girls

would write.

I haven’t written many stories
but will try and write one today
which I heard a long time ago. My
mother has told me. Valentine Day
will soon be here.

Saint Valentino

Here is one of the stories that
have been told about Saint Valen-
tine.

Father Valentine was a priest who
lived a long time ago. 'He spent his
time in nursing the sick people and
children, and comforting the sor-

rowing. As he went among his
people, the children, too, found a
The child-

ren liked to ta, with him and run
by his side as e went from one
house to another. Father Valentine
loved all the little creatures of the
woods and streams, and they seem—
ed torlove him in return. The birds
would come at his call and the
squirrels would scamper dewn‘ the
trees to take food from his hand.
Years went by, and at last the good
priest became too old to visit his
people. How they wished to hear
the sound of his footsteps at the door,
again. How the children have missed
their kind teacher-and the stories
that he told them! Father Valen—
tine was very sad because he could
no longer go about from home to
home. Father Valentine soon found
a way by which he could still be of
use to those he loved. ,As he sat in
his room‘ he wrote the kind words
which had always made his visits
so full of good cheer. Every day
he sent loving messages near and
far. They were carried by boys and
girls who had learned from him to
be happy in helping others. Soon
his friends began to watch for the
kind words that were sure to come
to them whenever they were in
need of help. Even the little child—

kind and helpfim‘friend.



‘ting long and

   

t‘i m] sure Fatheeralentine,
send ‘me 'a. letter, today.”.l Afte_ j,
-time the good father passed aw

from earth.- ‘B‘ut'he 'Waslnot forgot 
ten. ,_ Each year, when the folurteenithv _
' ‘ 11 ,.

of February comes around, we s,“
keep his birthday. ‘ 1'

We” as my Story is 'gettingjldﬁié ‘ L

so will close with a little ver'sez‘

Think of the'lonely, remembérumtheég

sad, ~  

“w$

, z;
Be kind t. the poor, make every 116 "

glad, \ . 
On good ‘old Saint‘Valentine’s day.
——-Miss Elizabeth .Kleido,,- Elkton,
Michigan. - - . > - r . . 1

Dear Uncle Ned—I have been
reading the Children’s ,Hour for, a.
few years. We had frOsty weather for
a few days. Today it is warmer
and the snow is melting.
made about six sno'w men today.
Two are"_a2)out six feet tall or taller.
We have: been out with our pony for
a ride. We have a new pony cutter.
and my sister Elizabethhitches the
pony to the cutter and away we go
fer a ride. I am 13 years old today,
January 18. I have three sisters
and four brothers. The oldest is
17 years old. As my letter is. get-
wish many" of the
boys and girls would write to me.
I will close with best wishes to Uncle
Ned and all the rest.~——Miss Vir-
ginia Kleido. Elkton, Mich.

 

Dear Unble Ned:—I have been a
silent reader of the M. B. F., for
some time, and am very much inter-
ested in the Children’s Hour. I
thought I’d write for the ﬁrst time.
I am a girl 13 years of age; and a

blond. I am in the eighth grade
and I like to o to school. There.
are 40 pupils in our school. I have; '

2 brothers, both younger than I.——-
Lucille Richards, Bad Axe, Michigan.

 

Dear Uncle Ned:———I would like to
join your merry circle. I never have
written 'before. My father
the M. B. F., and I like to read the
Children’s Hour very much. I am
a girl 12 years old and I am in the
6th grade. I live on a. 100—acre
farm, one—half mile, from town and
I go to high school. My birthday is
the 6th of 'July. Good-bye Uncle
Ned.——'Wilma McTaggart, S i l v e r —
wood, Michigan. .

 

Dear Uncle Ned:——I am a farmer’s.
boy 4 feet and .1 inches tall, I weigh
80 pounds and am 10 years old. I
am in the 5th grade at school. I
think Evelyn Grundy is about 13
years old.
school. There are 20 pupils in my
school. I enjoy reading the M. B. F.
I have one sister, she is in high
school. I hope to hear from the
boys and girls. I will say good—bye,
from your nephew.——,Thomas D.
Blair, R. No. 1, Box 64, Vestaburg,
Michigan.

 

 

' ADDITION ;  

3V WALTER WELLMAN

 

 

 

K. \.

 

 

 

  

  

THAT poEbN‘T
LOOK 30 HﬁRD.

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

Answer to .last puzzler;

 
 

 

 

.Bee. Ant. Emmet. 

   

 

 

See if you can use numbers where dashes appear, and complete‘the _
Sense of what is written on the blackboard. ' '
numbers, add them all together, and give the 811111.

“There are

 

 

After you have submitted»

   
 
 

Seven-allies, Beet

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or  ‘

   

n: when they ‘Wercfé‘lil' would l‘tsaﬁp

We have .

takes .

 
   

 

 

 

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I have 40 rods to go to '7

 

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_;is,_.as_ betas—{vol

 

 

pen' of pure-breds, _ no matter

Keeping Up the

in the fall and early winter and

gradually increase the monthly
production until in April and May
they may average two dozen eggs
per hen. After the spring ﬂow the
average per hen begins generally to
drop very fast unless special care is
given the ﬂock. 

The ﬂocks roam about the farm
and are supposed to ﬁnd their living
about the farmstead. They may for
a very short time, soon the proper
food for egg—making has been con—
sumed, worms and bugs become
scarce, hot weather comes on, mites
multiply and inevitably the hens
stop laying, just as the cows go down
in milk when the grass gets short,
ﬂies are plentiful and the weather is
hot and they seek the shade.

There should always be egg—mash,
or ground feed in a,hopper to supple-
ment the food that may be found
about the farm. Skim milk, or but—
termilk, should be supplied, or meat
scraps to take the place of the de—
parted worms that burrow ’deep in
the ground when the weather is hot
and air is sultry.

Grit, oyster shells and charcoal
must be supplied just as in the win-
ter when the ﬂock is conﬁned.

Many poultry houses are uncom-
fortable day and night. Filthy, hot,
with air fouled by accumulated drop—
pings, poorly ventilated, full of mites,
swarming with lice, how can the
ﬂock do otherwise but quit laying
in self respect?

A ﬂock of 90 hens laid 53 eggs on
July 14th, but they were properly fed
and kept busy during the day and
comfortable at night. The ﬂock had
a grove with plenty of shade to work
in during the day seeking the scratch
feed that was scattered in every nook
and corner for them to ﬁnd. A well
balanced egg mash in a hopper, a
moist, crumbly mash feed in a trough
at noon day, plenty of cool, fresh
water and buttermilk to drink, and
grit, shell and charcoal always at
hand. '

It is easier perhaps, to keep a
yarded ﬂock up to a high percentage
of production, but a farm ﬂock may
be so managed as to avoid the heavy

 farm nook commences, laying

slump that is common witthhe ordi'—,

nary farm ﬂock. _The dairyman can
keep his milk flow by the use of
soiling crops when the grass gets
short 'nd the ﬂies. pester the herd
day an night. ' .

The farmer can so feed and house
as to keep the egg ﬂow up to 50 per
cent and by systematic culling con-
tinuevthe high percentage thru the
summer months. With such feed
and care mentioned eggs of splendid
quality can be produced throughout

what the breed, are about
ment any business farmer ever makes.

7

the season until the molt begins in '

earnest.

Hoppers :.for- egg mash are not
found‘ on many farms. So'me ﬂocks
are not fed out of hand for three or

‘ four months in summer, some ﬂocks

must ﬁnd all the _water they have
and spend the nights in a house that
l,_1_iot enough, while

   

We a ct out of the barn of-

   
 

  
 

a high hill ‘

  
 

   
  

   
  

         

the best invest-

Egg Production

your ﬂock more comfortable day and

night? They will repay you in more
eggs to eat and sell.——Farm, Stock
and Home.

 

EXORMOI’S “'ASTE IN EGGS
HE waste in eggs in the United
States every year amounts to
nearly $50,000,000. It is esti—
mated that 17 per cent of all the eggs
produced in this country become un-
ﬁt for human food before reaching
the consumer because pf careless
methods of handling. .

We should help to prevent this loss
by producing infertile eggs, by not
letting hens nest on the domp
ground, by keeping the nests’ clean,
by not washing the eggs, by being
careful not to 'crack them while
handling, by gathering eggs daily,
by storing them in a cool, dry place
and by marketing them at least once
a week—twice a week if possible.

Few people understand that eggs
are almost as perishable as meat or
milk. They belong to the same class
of food, but because they are en-
closed in a hard shell, many of us
think they will stand any kind of
treatment.

We will need poultry and eggs.
We must produce and conserve them.

 

CHICKEN POX (AVIAN DIPH-
THERIA) AND ROUP

ONTAGIOUS epithelioma, chick-
enpox, avian or fowl diphtheria,
canker, contagious catarrh,
roup, cold, simple catarrh, swelled-
head, etc., are terms used to desig-
nate various diseased conditions of
fowls, the most prominent symptoms
of which appear about the head.
This array of names is very confus—
ing and is due to the practic of nam—
ing pathological manifestations ac—
cording to symptoms without taking
the underlying cause into consider-
ation. Leaving aside non-infectious
diseases and using the etiology (the
cause) as a basis for our nomencla-
ture, we ﬁnd that the lise of names
given abdve represents only two' dis—
tinct diseases, namely: (1) contag-
ious' epithelioma, commonly called
sorehead, chickenpox or fowl diph—
theria, and (2) roup, which also
has various synonyms such as colds,
swelled-heads, etc. Some authors
distinguish between chicken—pox on
one side and diphtheria on the other
as if‘thelatter ones Were etiologic-r
ally identical, but no experimental
data support this view, while there
is abundant evidence to show that
chicken-pox and avian diphtheria
are caused by the same organism,
and that roup, whichin its name
resembles colds in man and, higher
animals, is etiologically distinct from
the former.. Chicken—pox and'avian
or fowl diphtheria are simply two
diﬁerent forms of the same disease
the scientiﬁc name of which is con-
tagious epithelioma, epithelioma
meaning a tumor of epithelial cells.
Cause-—This disease is \caused by‘
a so—called ﬁlter'able virus, 1. e., the
organism is so, small that it Will pass
through a dittomaceous earth ﬁlter,
and cannot be seen underthe most
highly :magnifying microscope- The
m a he found inﬁghe stabs- in

I I

to 1.0  snip

Q

 
 

i’.‘

Here’s M reatt Her on

,«.

(3053:? 23,

orld FamousDetroit Incubator

I it is—my worldLbeating low price
high-grade guaranteed hatchet. I’ve
usual low prices right to the bone. Why worry alon

your old makeshift machine, when you can now get a

new Detroit at rock-bottom price?

Look where you will, you won't ﬁnd hatching equipment
that has higher quality than I build into Detroit Incubators.
You waste money to

Compare prices and see what you save.
pay more. Satisfaction or money back.

The Detroit is equal in every way to incubators costing twice
The Detroit has double walls,
hot water heat, copper tank, no cold corners. big nursery, auto-

my price—yes, and even more.

maticregulation thermometer that can be easily read With-
out opening door and held in horizontal position so chicks
cannot break or knock it down when hatching. Many
other features that insure big hatches of strong, healthy,
vigorous chicks. Capacity 140 eggs. Equally successful
on duck and turkey hatches.

DETROIT

INCUBATORS and BROODERS

represent the accumulated experience of 18 years devoted
to perfecting a hatching outﬁt that would be as near 100%
eﬂicient as money and brains can make it. My low prices
are possible only because of big production and my direct-
to—you selling plan that cuts out all unneceseary expense.

Why wait and wish for big poultry proﬁts when I place
guaranteed equipment within easy reach? This is the year
for you to start. Egg and poultry priceslare still high.

. Act Now.

   
 

My l40-chick brooder is another big bargain. Double
walls, hot water heat, strong and durable, yet light and
easily handled. A practical brooder in every detail. Will
prove a big help in raising your brood and increasing
poultry proﬁts.

 

 
 
 
    

offer on a.
cut my
g with

    
   
      
    
 

4

 
  
 

Freight prepaid east of the Rock-
ies — north Tennessee, and
allowed to ints beyond. Incuba-
tor ship complete—all set up

and ready to use except pulling
on the legs.
I make it easy for you to get '
started in the poultry-raising $ 
business. My record-smash- .—
. Both
talk oi the country. Think of
it! A complete hatching and chick raising outﬁt—
Dctroit Incubator and Brooders—worth $25.00 of any-
this value anywhere else in America. Order direct:
from this ad, orsend for catalog containing complete
descriptive iniormatiori on both incubator and

Big Combination Offer
ing combination offer is the

body's money for only $17.50. You can't duplicate
brooder. Write today— sure.

DETROIT INCUBATOR COMPANY Dept. 10 Detroit, Mich.

 

 

 
 

 

 

 

Men’s l5 - inch
sale "lice Agents ,
a I j . «a

Washes of! easily.Fitsovcr Shoe.and many
t as aknee hoot. We could sell ll) car-

men wear i
loads at this price If w

    

size uin .
so extraordinary

   

0 had them—but there is

\ ONLY A LIMITED SUPPLY—SO GET YOUR

 
 

ORDER TO

age write Out

Before you turn this I
nzen cold Win-

youi: order. A half a

US QUICK!

'  turn will come and go before you get another bargain that can equal this.

SEIlD R0 MONEY—PAY 0N ARRIVAL

_ Just write and tell us what size to send. Pay the postman on
“ . arrival—and WE INVITE you to return them to us and get every
at once if you arenot completely plea

Mlnneapolls, ﬂlnn.

    
 

em: 6 to I2 my W“

grant No. 443

Costs less

In Hatch

   

 
   
 

Radio Round Incubator: has 16 wonderful.
patented features: practically Self—operating.
' ay takes care of everyt ing.
One ﬁlling of lamp to hatch. Big tank holds 5
311.50“. Saves time.saves ail,soves money.

Big bookabuutRadioRound

Incubator sent free With

     
   
   
   
    

O
express prepai . .
RADIO R UNI) INCUBATOR C0.
322 Woods Stu Wayne, Nob.

     

 

 

 

[KAI

 

 

a
at“? r

 

   

 
 
 
  

 

 

 

 

 

 

AA

 

 

 
     

SAV

I guarantee you a clear eav-

ing of 25 to 30% on Fence. Roof-

' / ing and Paints and! pay
 the freight. Get my

“l OUT PRICE CATALOG

. Learn how half a million former!

save bi money by bu ing their

' , acting and Pa nts direct

  
  

    
       
   
  

log Now
. 1'"! BROWN FENOI O WIRE CO.
‘L M 3903 CLEVELAND. OHIO

    

  

 

    
 
    
     
  
  

   
 
 
   
  
  
 
 
 

 

 

Raise Silver Foxes
Most Profitable Livestock

‘We sell outright or for monthly
payment- within you reach.
rite NOW.

SILVERPL'UME FOXES
Boa; @310: .. K‘3‘ﬂl‘a‘. "a 

\

 

GORDOII BATES 80.,- Dept. 232

 
    
      

More Chicks--- Less Cost

This broader is a chick-saver and a money
maker. It raises more and better chicks, at
less cost than other brooders. Stove is best
in the world to hold fire—air-ti ht and self—
rcgulating. It burns soft coal—tile cheapest
N roocler fuel—perfectly. uts
 u m fuell cosﬁs in Ihalf; Sttfve will]
s ( ,l V-- x. 830 um ar coa. woo .

  a, coke, etc. Regulator main-

ill

      
   
 
 
   
   
 
 

  
 
 
  

tains even heat night and

,— day. No trouble. Sizes
‘ f for 5 or I000 chicks.
,3 , "' Low priced Write TODAY.
F.M. Bowers & Sons Co.
1416 W. Wash. St.

 

    
 
 
  

 

“ - E991ncubator$
d  30 Days Trial

Freight Paid east of the J
‘ RockxesJ-Iotwater co - "
per tanks—double walls—dens I
mu I air space—double glass doors
. l - —n real bargain at $18.25.
Shipped complete, set up ready to use.
140 Egg Incubator and Broader - $17.75
180. Egg Incubator Alone - - i— 15.7
180 Egg Incubator and Broodor '-'22.oo
250 Egg Incubator Alone - - - 22.75
250 Egg Incubator and Broodor - 31.00
Made of California Redwood—lasts lifetime. Positively
the best value on the market today. Order the size you
yvant direct from this ad. 80 days trial—money back
if not pleased. It not ready to order now, don't buy
until you get our new 1923 catalog.

IISGOISII IIGURRTIIII 00. Ich138 Raolno. WIS.

 
      
      
   
 
 
 
 
   

  

 
 
 

 

 
   

 

      
 

ONE YEAR
,_ IOPAY .

 
   

    
 
  
 
  
  
   
     
 
 
   

$44“ in? ii. new Butterﬂy 1;. No. 2
3:": ,mulnz. my attains. Ef‘gY

_ g dill.“
new concert-VI
“1.131119%? r four
“a ' has: “’1'
“:3 Avrmxm‘ . = -

  

     
  
 
   
   
   
      
    
   
   
 

 
 

           
 

  
   


hen. laying. vied nonalwm :and Bﬁwn L‘oghqrngb  t
: .‘an'ed ,so‘t'taso- 08-; o.
fa per_100 "£03132: an ' »Oh'l:k'|,' - a6 viliﬁed. .twﬁ

/. hatehe mooem m x
‘ full live arrival gum-a .
safe in ordering irect from th

nteed kink
ad N0
have our careful personal attention; WE rWANT YOUR

 

 

so. so . 1 .

nd come packed and armed.
“Verse? rmsﬁsmrins
' e em w ﬂusmnss. cits. , .

wmsrnom FARM a anonzmes. Io! H s. Mend. mme

GU A RA N T E E D 'c HICKS

iHatched from High Laying Quality Fowle on free range. properly fed and housed to y ,-
s.

more strong Chick

BARRED ROCKS. S.
WHITE WYANDOTTEg,

BUFF
WI'II'I E'. » BROWN' an

. REDS. MINOROAS, ANOONA8.50
ROCK .  o
BUEF' LEGHORNS...

so; 160. 15‘; 500, 14

ciao; 100. 1a; 500. 1a

''''''''' .'50.'sv.so; 100. $14: 500. see

\.
Postpaid to‘-your door. 100% live delivery guaranteed. Catalog free. Bank, Reference.

MORENCI HATCHERIES, Box B,

Morencl,

Mich. Member I. a. o. A.

 

GUARANTEED CHIC

Full 100%
STATE INSPECTED Flocks.

live arrival guaranteed. Postpaid. Personally inspected and hatched from
PURE TOM BARRON STRAIN WHITE LEGHORNS, 50

KS '

$8.50; 100, $18; 500, $11.50; 1,000, S130. HEAVY LAYING BROWN LEGHORNS.

50

I 100 15: 500
$11,;38 S

2.
500, cease; 1.006,“ 5

$180.

; 1,000, $140. SELECT ANCONAS, 50, $9: 100,

10%, OFF THESE PRICES ON ORDERS RECEIVED BEFORE FEBRUARY 15th.

Get our ﬁne new

catalog, it’s fr e. W int
careful attentiog. e 8 WE

Reference, Zeeland State Ban

1your business and will give it our most 
URAL POULTRY‘FARM, Route‘1 B. Iceland, Mlchlgan

M EADOW BROOK FARM

omens—mm" WE ‘F23;§“2§i.':2€£'ie‘fs%'f°
I ;

tlon Straln) ,

1
ROCKS, REDS. BUFF Leononlls ,
5 (Heavy Laying Flocks)

WHITE WYANDOTTE

successfully f

e
0 ‘ears and KNOW HOW. I
hard to please you. Free Gite 0g. Bank Reference. MEADOW

N8 (Holland Importa-

1.
15; 560,
50,$$U;10 317'. P tpa'd,
Se cted Heavy yers. order now _
m. I have berm producmg good Chicks
want our business and Will try
HOOK FARM, Henry Do

00

Free, Proprietor, Route 1 H, Holland. Ilch. Member Michigan B. c. A.

 

HARDY, HEALTHY, MICHIGAN CHICKS

li‘mm heavy laying well selected

100 3: 500, 82.50

1 $1 I 1.000
1,000, $127.50.

, well-fed and housed
(fonditiorl, irisug'inlg YIGORQIIS CIéICKS F(‘)Al;t"?1ITER L
1‘ in s m t e o ovnng vane L88 an prices: .
U u $120. ANOONAS, 50. $7.50: 100, $14; 500, $65;
ostpaid, full delivery guaranteed.

fowls in best vigorous breeding
US'I‘OMERS. That is what you sget
d B OWN 7'

m; LEGHORNS. so.

We want your business and WANT TO HOLD IT wire: werdoEget it and will endeavor

u t t (u 'rl t. 0 i, n w ri it frnn"’this ad and
) ma V) “U “er 0 Cit‘ir1 State Bank. CITY LIMITS.HATGHERY, Box M,

THEM. Reference, Holland

H M WHEN YOU WANT

Holland. Mich. Only 5 hours to Chicago. Can reach any pomt m Illinous or Wisconsin

in 24 hours.

(3 H I C K s $12.00 per 100‘ and U

100%

ICEs—-WHITE.
RRED ROCKS, S. c. and R. .
‘ 70. WHITE WYANDOTTES.
TRAIN ANCONAS

strong. livable chicks that will make a
ORDER DIRECT FROM THIS AD and
Bank.

BROWN and BUFF LEGHORNS, 50,
c REDS, AI‘CONAS, 3.

WM! E ROCKS
WHITE MINOROAS, 50, $8.50.; 100,
so, so; 100, $11; 800 60 a
1 heavy laying flocks that

SAFE ARRIVAL GUARANTEED 

i3; 100,
INORGA
and BUFF

136; egg, so.
ORPINGTONS.

'nre well fed and cared for, insuring
proﬁt for you. POUTI‘AID TO YOUR DOOR. .. .
SAVE TIME. Catalog free. Reference, Geneva _j’-__
THE GENEVA HATCHERY, Box 605, Geneva, Ind.

HILLVIEW HATCHERY

GUARANTEED TO ARRIVE

an BROWN ,

1,000, $120. Heavy Layln EXTRA GOOD BARREDTROCIIS, 50,
gli‘ustpaid to

fines are kept on free range, properly
(‘hicks to live and MAKE A PROFIT.

Strong and Healthy. Chicks from
WHITE LEGHORNS d

50 . $80; 1,000. $155.

the

selected heuv
LEG NOR S

laying, Hogan tested flocks. ENGLISH
50 $7' 100, $13; 500 62.60;
.5830; 106, 13.50;
your door and full_hve,del1very guaranteed. our
fed and cared for insuring the vigor necessary _1n
Give us a trial and you Will come again.

 

HILLVIEW HATCHERY, Route 12 E, Holland, Mlohlgan

n7...—

QUALITY CHICKS

' r r ‘ tion.
' A ful breeding for heaiy 9L}: plotluc ‘
10 “mm mre'gornns, well—hatched clncks at fallowm

’1 . 01', vi
B’i‘elibh‘ns, SELECT, 50, $8.
SELECT, 50, $9; 100, $17; 500
SELECT, 60, $1; 0, $13.50
100 $14.50; 600. $70. Postpa I d
tocd’. Order direct from. this ad. nary an
breeding stock and spccral mating Uncks.

T

00,

GUARANTEED.
tested, free range stock. Our plant
is modem 65

From‘ Hogan
_ acre poultry farm.
 
SELECT,_ 50, $1.50; '

3,

'1 door and 1007 live delivery guaran-
ui m Wm get them when" you want
Get Our Catalog. Reference 2

them. Also 
Banks. "'

OWNLINE POULTRY FARM, Box 21, Iceland, Michigan

—SAVE MONEY

. commence on your investment in
312:2“??? 5 months from the time you re-
ceive your strong I’flll‘e Brgdstrgickéngrﬂrtr‘i

I ' free mime nrmso . .
WhltdmLeghor-ns, Anconas, Barred Rygclis.
All breeders inspected aindkamfi‘rotvslrh 

md e g: breeding )m‘ o I. I, .
Singing forg guamnteed terggégegxer‘vb‘ﬁlgy.
 '. \Vritc tor 11y.
Igaqrmfmnoute 2, Box T, Zeeland, Mich.

1

Hardy Northern Bred Chicks

. c. w. LEGHORNS
Bum" Sisraln BARRED ROCKS
The 9mm" x“ pm‘h‘tie’Sect‘éﬁwEl
Heavy mntgrnlxlergt the Michigan

0‘“ pen- 1 Contest.
International E ésllﬁ'mgammme

Get Quality ch? ’ .
' 10m Holland a pioneer
535135, f farm. Catalogue free.

Pine Bay Poultry Farm. Box 56, Holland. Mlcb.

BABY CHICKS

White and Brown Leghorns.
Single and Rose’Oomb Reds,
Buﬂ Orpingtnns,
Books Ammes.
100
’Box

STONE HATCHERY, I. ll

Barred and W111 Plymoth
’ cc
and 1ll-Pe'morr’v', w w. Mllllken, Mg .

and White Wyandottes. $15 per
44, Mich. P.

 

Cured Her -

\ Rheumatism

from terrlble expel-lance the cuff»,
b rheumatism, n. J. I: HUM“
lama “yea: E. Dou Isa-ems. cm;
"°°""""°"i .l": of. 3? “stunt tall:
. a . , _
cw negate" all other sufferers lust how to

d of thelr torture-by a “male payout

Known

. A null!” nothlna to sell. Merely mill

' wiggwxnome and address, and she wlll gladly
send 0 thls valuable Juror-mourn ‘mtluly

. mo. Ivi'ilsor-w-‘nwgbnm,m ferret,

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Attentlon

Guarantee: Egg Producers

Tom
Barron. 
Imported a:
White “ ‘
Leghorn:

 Sheppard
Famous

‘ Anconae
Direct

. , \

. _ nd selected ﬂocks on free. mnge'

bllllt ﬂed: from la ng contest Winners.

Strong vigorous ch ks that will prove

great layers. Flocks culled by poultry ex-

perts and headed with vigorous pedigreed

mules. Send for catalog and prices on our «
wonderful egg producers, it's free. Refer-

ence, two banks.

. SILVER \VARD HATCHERY
Box 420, Zeeland, Mich.
‘ KERLIN

 QUALITY

Enellah-Amerlcan S. 0. White Leohorm

Chicks from 265-270 Em;
Strain stock and Pedlgreed
Stock from 2.0 O.

From

 

Arrival Guaranteed

hi: on orders laced

promptly, Book-of va noble

information to poultry 1213+»

ers Free for the said We  , , ,. ,.

it. Drop us a. mrd , ht now ore-you for.

get it and let us to you more about this

truly wonderful strain of layers. f v)

Member International Baby Chick Arsoolatlon

KERLINSBWGRAND VIEW‘POULTRY FARM'
' Box 45. Center Hall, Pa.

A Breeding Institution ofmerit since 1900

 

 

 

we. HAVE SHIPI’ED Tuoueanni '
. m . 904 . _, .

cm

 

TE: .>

 . ,mwn 001 -, 
;g§$,rtree  at   

4‘ _ .

some ..to task

 

World’s Greatest '

cial Discount '01'33‘pe! ' l
10 c

 

.. ,  else, cease
ducts, and guinea. fpwlgr .Wlld bird's;
such as pheasants, ,quall» and some
others, are also susceptible. , V
Model“ of 'disisemlnation—~Within
the ﬂock the‘disease may be spread
by direct contact ,betWeen diseased
and healthy fowls. As ,theyirus is
contained in the scabs and discharges
of infected birds it' is clear that
water, feed, "litter, etc., form ready
means of dissemination. The infec-
tion may be carried from coop to
coop or from farm to farm by the in-
troduction' of birds from' a diseased
ﬂock no matter whether they show
signs of disease or not. The disease
is very often brought from poultry

shows, in fact this‘is one of the most .

common ways of
chicken-pox from one territory to
another. The infection may be
spread from place to place by the
people carrying the virus on their
shoes, clothes and hands.
possible that dogs, cats, rats or wild
birds may act as mechanical carriers
and means dissemination.

Characterization and SymptOms—
This disease may appear in three
forms, namely (1) A pure skin di-
sease, in which wart-like tumors or
scabs appear on the combs. wattles,
ears and skin of the head, and in
some instances on the skin or other
parts of the body. These tumors
begin as whitish spots or elevations
gradually growing larger until, they
appear as distinct
growths. As time goes on these les-
ions change from “white to gray, to,
brown, and ﬁnally to an almost black
color. The development of ,these
scabs may take as long as three
weeks.

(2). A pure mucous membrane dis-
ease. In this case grayish or yel-
lowish white cheesy masses develop
on the mucous membrane of» the‘oral
cavity and eyes. Sometimes the
lesions are conﬁned to the larnyx or
mouth alone, at other-times only one
eye may be affected, and so on. In
the mouth these patches of so-called
pseudomembranes may vary from
the size of a pinhead to large areas
involving the larynx and almost the
entire oral cavity. The eye effection
begins with a thin discharge which
if not taken care of will thicken and
accumulate under the eyelids which
ﬁnally become glued together pre-
venting the escape of the discharge
thus producing a more or less mark—
ed bulging. - ‘

(3) A cOmbination of the affections
described under 1 and 2. The viru-
lence of the organism and the resist—
ence of the fowls are the factors
which determine the severity of the
agase. In many cases of pure skin
a .ction the general condition of the
birds may remain apparently undis—
turbed. However, when the mucous
membranes affected signs of general
distress become evident. Such cases
the following symptoms may be ob-
served: more or less of a thin, clear,
mucous discharge from the mouth,
sometimes from one or both eyes, ac-
companied by difﬁcult breathing,
very light at ﬁrst but usually increas-
ing gradually until the bird dies of
asphyxiation due to accumulation of
muco-purulent or cheesy exudate in
the larynx, or from starvation due to
occulsion (closing) of the eyes which
prevents the fowl from feeding. In
the early stages one may detect the.
disease by a rattling sound in the
larynx of affected fowls. Sneezing
and the so-called bird cough may be
observed. Concomitant symptoms
are dullness, emiclation, cessation of
egg production and diarrhea.

Cause and ,Mortality—The disease
may be acute ‘or chronic. "Some-
times the birds may die suddenly
without having shown any noticeable
sign of~a disease due to a toxemia
or in other cases the cause of death
may- be occlusion (closing) of the
larynx. "Chronic cases. may go on
for weeks. In some outbreaks, as
many as 80 per center the exposed
birds contract the disease, in others
only 10 per cent may became ill.
The death rate is also variable, some-
times reaching 50 per cent of, those
affected. ‘ ’

disseminating

Diagnosise—A correct diagnosis: of,

the disease isof paramount import-

‘ ‘ ance in orderfto handle the'outbreak
._ intelligently. Where ..:the' ‘
scabs and diphtheritlc patches- ;_

typical-

.nresvnt "these 1?, #0 need-sf an
' “it?!

dosh
,4“ *9 the the. ’b

It is also ‘

papilla—like -

"tolm‘echnical ' ,
,Canlier or, the ieye and ‘c
masses 111,:the mouth maybe ﬁn to
foreign bodies- lodging in the; 
inactive! sac or cleft got the palate.
causinginiﬂammation of the mucous ‘
' which, in appearance, recombined!!! ‘
lesions of 'chickemp‘ogt (diphthe‘ritic V
form). Conditions of this "kind ‘are’

called mechanical, canker and disap4 I. 1

pear promptly when the irritant .13":
removed.  " 

Roup,.,may be mistaken for the
diphtheritic form of chicken-pox due '
to the bulging". of the nasal sinuses ~
'whlch- will resemble canker» of the
eye.
tion one will ﬁnd that in the case of
roup the eye. proper in unaffected
and that the closing‘of the eye is due ,

to the accumulation of discharge in .V

the uses sinuses which bulges the ;
bone and forces the eyelid upward.‘ ;
The nasal, passages may not be in;
volved in contagious epithelomia;

Malignant canker may also be: mise
taken for the ‘diphtheritic form of
chicken-pox. This disease is char-
acterized by small' pustules on the
base of the tongue and side of the
pharynx. They ,penetrater deeply and
may be so numerous as tocoalesce
froming masses, similar to‘ the
pseudomembranes of chicken-pox.
Malignant canker is rare, does’ not
spread will not yield to treatment
and is always fatal. '

Prevention——The following points
are essential in keeping the disease
within due bounds: 7 ,

(1) Caution in introducing fowls
from strange ﬂocks. ’

(2+Quarantining of newly pur-
chased birds, or birds brought home
from shows or fairs for at least one
month.

(3) Prevent undue
tion at shows and fairs.

(4) Prompt and complete isola-
tion of diseased fowls.

(5) Good hygienic quarters. _

(6) A sufﬁcient knowledge of hy-
giene to be able to practice sanita-
tion intelligently and efﬁciently.

Attempts at sanitation are often
made, on account of lack of know-
ledge of the fundamental principles
of hygiene, all that is gained is a.
lot ofwasted labor.

' 'Howto Handle ,

Complete isolation of' diseased in-
dividuals is essential to prevent dis-
semination of any contagious disease.
Suitable facilities for this purpose
should therefore be provided for on
all up-to-date farms. The mere clos-
ing up of diseased birds in a: room
immediately adjacent to one contain- 1
ing healthy birds is of little or no,
use. «Walls in chicken-houses, as the
author has seen them, are not gen—
erally “infection-proof” in some
cases they are hardly “chicken-
proof” so they cannot be depended
upon to keep infection from spread-
ing. To keep fowls affected with
contagious disease in wire cages

‘ placed in killing rooms, feeding
-roéms, some part of the stables or
in any other place where people, cats,
and dogs walk to and fro is also bad
practice because of the possibility of
infected litter, feathers or drOppings,
which have fallen out of the cages,
being carried away on shoes or the
feet of animals.

One fairly satisfactory way of pro;
riding for, isolation is to put the
diseased birds in a room at one end
of the chicken house keeping the ad—
jacent room empty. In the latter a
pair of old rubbers, a duster, or suit
of over—alls should be kept for use
only in the isolated room. Other
facilities necessary for the handling
» of diseased birds should also bekept
in this room if possible: This. latter
room is just as important as the iso-
lation room itself so some such ar—
rangement‘ as the one suggested~
should be made available in order to
checkwthe infection. After handling
diseased fowls one should ’ always
carefully wash the hands in plain
soap and water or some;de diam...
“fectant, before touching ‘ anything
else; The entire ﬂock should be
gopepver once or twice‘dailx for the. 

expose of, detecting any, ,_ M '

communica— .

birds, and their ‘ immediate -*  “
' is imperative. If they areto‘o 
to justify '1 I

. treatment th, V .
killed Asian 9 - ‘
_ ilewlyﬁ A

vs 

 

However, on closer examine-J. 


   
  
   
  
     
 

. V .v . . ,_ - ¢ ‘ ,_V
gAdveI-t'iiiements inserted under
heading at “300‘ per agate line,
 per issue. Commercial Rugby. Chick
' advertisements 450- per, agate line.-
Write out what' you have to odor
and send it, in. .We .wiil put it in
type. send Proof 'and quote rates by
“ return mai .‘ Address The Michigan
Business Farmer. Advertising De-
"partment. Mt. Clemens. Michigan.

cum. 'Iir'iis "AiiIi cocKEIiELs
so. wane mhoms and a o. and a. 0-. Black
. ,orcu. '
About ready to lay. ,

—  'LAPJHAM FARME, Pinokmy. Mich.’





#1::

     
    
 
 

 

 

 

 

 
 
  
 
   

 I 5.00 each.

. l .
valbat, order eary "an" R. 2.

TH,” Rapid cm.
LEGHORNS

LEGHORNS

Buff Leghorn Hem, Pallets and Cookerels.
one and pulls

    
 
    
   

' 'H h or “charms: use
. h. S ow a m or o o v
'21?ch efAPHAM FARIM‘S, Pinclmoy, Mich. r

 

 

 

. . . PURE IRED OOOKERELB FOR
smootth:- ces 81.50 and $2.00.. Write
JOHN BUG ‘NER. R. 1, Box 29. Morley, Mich.

WYANDOTTES'

"? . I ‘ ANDOTTEs——MARTIN STRAIN
g  ﬁiﬂdﬁn Smt'avte Fair winners. 1922. _ Cockerels

c
-x . to 7. . _
*iiiﬁl‘é‘ﬁniému,‘ Washington. Mich. Route 2.
"Four SALE—REIMBAOH'S

  
   

1..

  

" A WHITE WVIIH.
(latter Few A1 cock “birds and cooker-sis. Hatching

cm or rices.
c. Hilemwn. Blgp Rapids, Mich., R. 5.

  

rite
HEIMBAGH.

  . ALL—(mow: WHITE WYANDOTTE
:ggereg. Fishel strain at 3. o hatching eggs.
' MR8. TRACY RUSH. . 7. theca, Mich.

 
    

  . {I PLYMouTH ROCK
‘ iiurr nocx’cocmil- ‘4'“ 

healthy, un-

i A ' h ult of cars of careful breeding.
 gong. c‘iiifiptpe ﬁes sons,y Box M, Saltlllo, Ind.

' v' "i EARNED HOOK COOKERELS.
' ’ ' ~ Holterman’s Pedigreed . Anstocrata

' ’ ' F b. 1 .
" “17°32 gugmsoﬁ, saverwood, Mich.

‘-   . rot.  22's.: .3:
‘  t ‘t n ran an s an n e -
- ' grist-ml”? O. coﬁ'man, Benton Harbor. Mich., R. 3 .

UHOIGIE  aﬁzThRAINﬂEDF tBAI’RRED ROCK
. . un e . .
cOCkerelgEESE BROOSVC Williamston, Mich.

THOMPSON STRAIN BARRED Rocxs PURE

t . IAI‘ e oockerels $3. Du .
braMHSOkoREDg KLOMP, St. Charles, Mich.
FOR SALE

 {BARBED 860K GOGKEIIEL $8 ego...
it"?! MR8. I E. BELLEN. Whittemore, Mich.
I BA-RRED ROCK GOOKERELS, NORMAN

" ‘ ~ i. in, shipped on a mvsl express paid. .
  . gigs. JESSIE c. 0 AN, R. 1, Mason, Mich.

ORPINGTONS
BIIFF OBPIIBTOII BQOKEBELS
BREWBAK

Cooks strain. A. J. R. Elsie, Mich.

RHODE ISLAND REDS

: RHODE ISLAND REDS. TOMPKINCSAMSTRA‘IN
v Iio'th combs. Stock for sale after September I5th.
.. -WM. H. ‘FROHM, New Baltimore, Mich R. 1.

  

 

BRED FROM
reci. Price

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

f» —:

1 s'ni'g' S. ‘0. IIIIOIIE ISLAIID IIIEII
" I; Cbckerela, dark red, good 11ndewolor.‘izond tvpe.
 . Aztec Starla. o.w.vnil FOBSEN. Hillsdaie. Mich.

 

I 1 HIGH CLASS EXHIBITION 8. O. RHODE
/ 'Island ‘ Red. Barred Rock and American White
‘ Leghorn Cocke‘i'els. . $5.00—§7.5Q-$10.00 each.
21 years an v Illlbltor. ‘Ss, action guaranteed,
OAR OLL, Ji'., Bay Olty, Mich.

\ _ .mo.

TIIleYS—rDUCKS—GEESEr

 

 

 

BOURBON iiEiLTiiiiKEY "$5631"
Eggs in season. '

Time. a. on AGH'AN. Fenian. Mich.
MAMMOTH BRONZE TURKEYS. START
right b buying stronE. visourous. pure bred
stock. M'ﬁte for prices,

MRSL PERRY S EBBINS. Saranac, Michigan.

 

I HAVE A FEW MORE MAMMOTH BRONZE
turkeys for sale. Gobblers $10, hens, 7.
MRS. WILBUR SPIDLE, East Jordan, Mich.

SALE—MAMMOTH snouzs TURKEst
523. WILL oILLMAH.B§Iut5‘.fuimmiis. Mlch.’

ORDERS ENTERED NOW AT $1.50 PER
setting for e gs from the lat est and whitest
Merrimth Peli n laughs rawgdfin Iilchiiza‘iii. gemsié:
' sure eive . ew (3 nice as
{ﬁngers-m cedar Ergnd Farm. OkemOs, (Balm.
 '. ALE—GIANT'BRONZE Tunxsvs FRO
. ﬂﬁﬁsfnn's best strains. 1mg; healthy birds. mi".
LAVERNE BROWNELL. I ‘I. leimont, Mich,

' ’rr: HOLLAND Timxs'va or - UALITY
all)... $15.00 hens, $10.00, trio. 53,0900. Tou-
“wctsf' o't inner? .2‘?a°?' trim 5201;30'
A" . d‘re mm "re Hz 0 er.
arm new: 80. 
' ~ ALDEN Wu 0MB. Byron Gouger. Mich. - >

 " IcIIH newness, EXT A‘ LA
 99",,er S. 0. an no:

 

     
   
    
  
   
       
  
 
   
  

 

 

 

a , Choice c kerels, r o -
ﬂynﬁi‘g‘m colorS vex-Egyandotte’gfl'gz
 B 7‘ Poultry 'l-‘am. Bannister, Mich:

  

3T raises Imo- FOR LIVE sun-

 vsai . .Rabbits. A‘
.13.: Ian dii. a 00.. agglui'ii?
 minor ' . .

 

 

 

V POULTRY . g

l. i.

   
  

 
 

  

Must make room before cold wast: «r.

ANOONA OOOKERELB HATOHED FROM,

WI

“ ,Y 11869 _, ,

 er cent solution for ’this purpose.
Frequent cleaning of the scope with

 

spraying of the walls, roosts, doors,
etc., using a 3 per cent 'cr’ésol solu-
tion or semething similar, is advis-
able. Meat scraps should be reduced
to a minimum'during the outbreak.

Buttermilk may be used rather
freely. .
Treatment of Individuals—As

soon as symptoms of chicken-pox ap—
pear. the heads of the affected birds
Qshould be dipped in a 2, per cent
.rpotassium. permanganate or 3 per
cent boric acid solutiOn once or twice
daily for 30 seconds. In dipping the
head the mouth should be kept open
and the beak elevated 30.35 to allow
the-air escape and be replaced by the
solution. Removing scabs from the
combs, wattles or skin, and then ap-
plying salves or other preparations
to the raw surface is unnecessary and
inadvisable as it will never hasten
the recovery but on the contrary
lowers the birds vitality and often
results in early death. Cheesy
masses in the eyes should be removed
by carefully pressing on the eyelids
or by picking them out with a pair
of forceps. A cotton swab may also
be used to remove exudate from the
eye. As eye wash one may use a 3
per cent boric acid or a 0.9 per cent
cooking salt solution which may be
applied with a medicine dropper or
syringe and should be lukewarm
when applied. Having removed the
exudate and washed the eyes with
one of the above—mentioned solu—
tions, 2 drops of a20 per cent solu-
tion of argyrol should be deposited
directlyon the eyeball. The latter
solution should be applied twice
daily in most cases while once daily
will sufﬁce for the remainder of the
eye treatment. Cheesy membranes
should be removed from the mouth
and larynx and if raw surfaces are
left they should be touched with a
mixture of tincture of iodine and
glycerin equal parts.

Immunization—Lack af space pre—
vents a discussion of this subject.
Sufﬁce to say that vaccination against
chicken—pox has not proved uniform-
ly successful.

A general discussion on Roup, its
symptoms, treatment, immunization,
how to prevent, etc., will be publish—
ed in our February 17th issue. The
above article and the one to appear
in our next issue are written by Prof.
H. J. Stepseth, Bacteriology Section,
Michigan Agricultural College.

i

 

BUY CHICKS FROM WELL AD-
VERTISER HATCHERIES

AST spring at Cleveland, Ohio,
L operating under the name of
“Kings Hatchery,” H. H .Mason,

an old offender in the mail—order
fraud, put out post cards covering
the states of New York, Pennsylvan—
ia, Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois offer-
ing bargain prices on Chicks on or-
ders received before a certain date,
in some instances, April 18th, and in
others, April 25th. Mason obtained
information as to the number of
Routes out of each small Post Oﬂ‘lce
in the States above mentioned and
the number of Boxes on each Route.
Then the post—cards were simply ad-
dressed-:.“ THE POULTRY 'RAISER.
ROUTE BOX JONESDALE, OHIO,”
or whatever State and Post Ofﬁce was
necessary. ‘ The responses to these
post cards were of great volume and
so many Money Orders were pre—
sented to the Post Ofﬁce that the
authorities became suspicious and
started an investigation, but before
an arrest could be made Mason dis—
appeared taiging-with him $25,000
or more, which he had received thru
the mails is- a'few weeks and leaving
a considerable sum in Cleveland
Bank‘s. Those who sent him money
for. Chicks of course-lost their money.
He evidently had nointention of ﬁll-
ing the orders at all. We are giving
this information so that the public
may be warned against patronizing
any Chick-selling schemes or offers
whichxcome to them in this or similar
manner from unknown« parties._ To
play safe buy Chicks only from real

. .-Hatcheries who come out in the open

through legitimate advertisements in
reliable Journals and which proscint
to you  Bank references. p The
operations described above are the
‘ third time. that, Mason has succeeded
.in-  the Chick-harms

      

  

 

I, follow!

       

suﬂicient "tn- make one-halt v

burning of the litter and thorough

 

 

 

  

of health and Vig
' WHITE

 

and

 
  
  
  
   
   
  
    
  

so as to merit your
COLONIAL POULTR

 
 
 

Guaranteed Chicks From. Select Approved Flocks
Kept on free range. Carefully fed and cared for to insure the best
01‘.
BROWN LEGHORNS, ANCONAS, 50, $7.50: 100.
$14: 500. :86. ‘
BARRED ROCK , REDS MINOROAS, 50, $8.50: 100
15. v Write 1 1,60
EXTRA SELECT from Approved Flocks,
Postpaid to your door,

Free Catalog. We want
years to come and we will certainly endeavor to handle your orders

18: 500.
or. rlces on or more.
2 per hundred higher.
full live count guaranteed. Bank Reference.
your business not only this year but for

continued patronage.

V FARMS, Box 8, Iceland, Michigan

 

 

._ placed before March lst. 97
‘- Post. Instinctive catalog free.

MICHIGAN HATOHERY &

 

 

coon CHICKS—FAIR PRICES

Pedigreed and Utility Grades on Barron Type White Leghorn; also Barred
Rofkgosnid S. C. R. I. Reds. Customer report Bullets mm; at 4 months
an ays.

Fedizrgmd Chitolfis 1from tﬂorclss) headsegoby males bred by Mich. Ag. College
mm rap-nese lens 0 .. e reco .

Leghorns, 25, $5.50; 50 $10;°100, $23“. Rocks and Reds, 25, $6.15: 50.
$1 .15; 100, $25. Utility Chicks from selected free range, flocks, pure-
bred, neIivy e9 strain hens. Great value in Medium Priced Chicks. White
Leghorns, 25. $4; 50, 1.50; 100. $15: 500, :10; 1.000, 5138. Barred
Rocks and Rods. 25. S ; 50. 9; 100, $18; 00, $88

All prices hold until May let.

(1 count of one cent per chick on all orders

<7 live delivery guaranteed by prepaid Parcel
ank Reference.

POULTRY FARMS, Box A, Holland, Michigan

 

 

 

WHITE and BROWN LEGHORNS. ANCONAS.
BARRED ROCKS, R. and 8. 0. REDS. 60.
1 .000 Order: at 500 rate.

Postpaid. full live delivery guaranteed. Strong. V

KNOLL'S HATCHERY, Box L,

Selected Hogan Tested Flocks.
TONS, WM. and SIL. WVAN
ROCKS, s. and R. c. REDS,
HEAVY BROILERS. 50, $7.25'
100, $13. MIXED
10% (iii. Ready

 

SUNBEAM HA

8 . WVA _ I 7
liver h prepaid post. Get your order in no“
ggnk RyefeI‘Ience. Catalog 1i ren . H. B.

and

Michigan Chicks

RHODE ISLAND WHITES, 100, $18; 200, $35.

'd f ll live delivery guaranteed.
Ewipﬁas. us. 2 - 0. $18: BA
MINORCAS, 50,

100 $14. WH., s .
ALL VARIETIEs, $11 per me straight.
February 26th. Free Catalog. Member I.

HOLGATE HATCHERY, Box B, Holgate, Ohio.

~ reduced under my personal supervision in a good,

Th3 (Eilncgguigmtd Inglisr‘yrivhxich is kept in best, possible condition. The parent stock
m0 er rim se ected and of best neavy laying strains. kept on free mugs, well-
18 we? id, handled Free from disease and properly fed. This enables me to produce
how}: a'Irrowth Chicks which will mean PROFIT to my customers. PRI '
iii/Ti? ’E‘sno N AND BUFF ggimd Egbosﬂsigcg ssgsgolzookgezssg
ROG s R. . c. N és' AND MIN _

7 . . .
, $1 8; 600. $81.50. I guarantee full live
Tlppin, Box E. Findlay, Ohio; Member I. B. 0

Guaranteed Michigan 

Bred and Hatched
50. $7; 100, $13: 500' $60.
$8.50; 1 00, $1 8; 500. $15.

igorous Chicks from select, heavy

laying flocks. Order NOW right from this ad. Get them when you want them. I want ,-Z " 2‘
your business and ivill try to hold it. Catalog free. Reference, Holland City State Bank. ";

Holland. Michigan

CHICKS WITH PEP, $11 per 100 and up

BUFF ORPING-

. 10
$8.25; 100, $16. ANG
and BUFF LEGHORNS. so, 31-
B 8nA500, 501,, off; 1,006

TCHERY

I will ship when you want them.

 

 

Strong, vigorous.
SINGLE 00MB
REDS,

well-hatclcd Ch
WHITE 3BROW

ORPIN

 

’ 11 st. Bank Reference.
1'“ on mg 6 BLUFFTON HAT

 

Chicks That

n
HISOTTEs, WHITE
WHITE WY“ GTONS Vand ANC _ _ . ,
100% live delivery guaranteed. Postpaid. Catalog giving particulars also price

Profit

RHODE ISLAND
ROCKS, BUFF

llcuvy laying

LEGHORNS.
BARRED
AS

icks from

N a (i BUFF
ROCKS,
ON

 

CHERY, Box L, Biuﬂ‘ton, Ohio

 

  
      
 

«£2344:

White, Brown and Buff Leghorns:
 Mixed: . . . .  . . . .  . . . . ....
ii-‘« Postpaid, full live delivery guara
- when youyvant the-m. Catalog free.
TRI-STATE HATGHERIES.

BABY
CHICKS

Bargain Prices—Write
Quick. Best paymg,higi§
est quality, Pure Bred Tom
Barron and Hollywood _ a
White Leghorns—Egg Records 211:) to .300
in o ear»#Brown Leghorns. . nconas.
Iﬁiﬁied Roncflcs,y Rhode Island Reds. White W yan‘
dottes. Book orders now—get liberal discount.
Valuable catalog tree. _
We guarantee to save you money—give
y‘ou strong. healthy. perfect chicks, the best that
money can buy. guarantee ’live del1very, and
absolute satisfaction. Write today sure.
SUPERIOR POULTRY 
Box 104 - Zeeland, Michigan

 

 

  

Egg Bred white Leghorn ‘

 
   

   

.Aiiour breederssreeulled,  
selected. and mated by tpoultry spec- A: ;
ialists audinspected an approved as 
iio’ theiaiaying ability and health.

    
  
 
 
 

Outlaw“ m i LEADING Eulnhlw
I Pol  “emulate In customers all ever-the [1.8.
W a golden harvest oi! eggs the you round honour

not. Bil money with It...

 

 

 

  

 

 

egg sure. You. too. on “m ,
 WOFI'l‘nndehatﬂlans Bowtefyd forn- ‘ B A B Y c H I c K s
‘ its. m may dollars to Ii. t on:- prieu on ‘
chi Indus-before)": buy. I! hA‘I‘ 0:02: in“ m h m {patched {frog [at E “Inga!
, , , Hr,“ r cc 0

d.9£VRIES.BnmhIevPeuliryFsm.Box . e . c ‘  “WHOM” no
. . _ i ANOONAS BRED FOR
o . I , . » , Hioii Eda-PRODUOTION.
_ Y  SELECTlnl ONIONS FROM We mmtee 100 per cent
3" > in: 1mmf of if“ baby-chick :. Elisa! 011135111816, 1’0“ e “13,-,

seas m - - so e. c ve '
MW.   inn-w 11:} _ n .* Pr; f:\q  Q  

p - '_ . e8. - '  '... “I”; ‘9“WI‘V'.:‘*.I°"- V r
  :  a 330.. Iceland. Mich. . V ' ""' " ‘

 

3”” °""'"°‘°"s' WM“ wyandonlsfi I I I C I i i '50, $1.50; 100,115“; 500, $61.50

BABY CHICKS

$10.50 PER 100 AND UP

From Hogan tested, well-kept and housed heavy laying ﬂocks
Barred and White Rocks, Reds, Anconas, Mlnorcas: go, . 0

. 100, 16; 500. $11.50
$9; 100, S 1.50: 500. 5

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. per 100 straight
ntced. Order NOW from this ad. and hem
ALSO EGGS FOR MATCHING. Reference. 4 Banks.

Box 511, Archboid, Ohio

Rosewood Farm
Healthy, Hardy Chicks

Well—hatched, carefully packed,
and shipped. Select. heavy lay-
‘ WHITE LEGHORNS. ,
$13; 500, $62.50:
120. Select ANCON-
A . $ .5 ' 100, $14:
500: $65.50. Select BARRED
{lg sq ' 50500' $833595 t 100' V
. ; . . os. aid, full live deliv

guaranteed. Our cliloks wi render you the besteg
satisfaction and you will COME BACK TO 08.
We have had long experience in produc' good
Chicks and our flocks are second to nonaméaialog

free. ROSEWOOD FARM. R 12 A, Holland, Mich.

 

 

'TIMMER’S HATCHERY

Hardy. health
looted heavy
BR.

. 5. 8.
V 500, 80.
mil live delivery. Bank reference.
Fm‘ri’mmgh's H

ATcHERY
Route 3 A. Holland, Mich.

DeKoster’s Hatchery

Strong. vigorous Chicks
lected heavy laying ENGLISH
STRAIN WHITE LEGHORNS and
BROWN

LE HORN 1 .
$12.50; soo. soo. THOMPSON a
‘HOLTERMAN STRAIN BARRED
as“: . ...i~.:°r.....'8..13s
I I - - i
l' g'very guaranteed. Catalog
9. lir Iii-'1 deference.

DE-KOurER’s HATGHERV, Box x. loci-ind. Mich.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  

 


 

 

 

 
  

    

  

CHICKS - 
THAT GROW, LAY AND PAY '
Barron lnglish White ‘Leg'
horns, Brown Leghorns and

r neonas.

PURCHASE THIS YEAR’S CROP-
OF CHICKS from tested layers, headed
b large Vigomus 260 to 288 Pedigreei
"Isles. .

CUSTOMERS REPORT BIG PROFITS
with these wonderful layers. Write today
for our large Illustrated catalogue. It
tels all about them, it’s free. .

\VYNGARDEN HATCHEIT)
Box B, Zceland, Mich.

        
       
    
      
      
    
 
     
 

 

 

Big. strong, Well—hatched
Chicks from selected to
lay stock on free range,
properly fed and housed to
iiisur-i health and Vigor.
WHITE, BROWN .5 BUFF
L50GH°1R 3"l 's'sooso'sez ed
1 ; , . .
annuity a; WHITE
ROCKS, S. C. a . .
REDL',A5NOGONAS, 50, $8:

50. $8.50?
100, $18; 500, $77.50.
.8! FF OR INGTONS, SILVER WYAN-
D '. “.50; 100, $18; 500.

giniriiiiteu full ' 100% live arrival.
Reference, Citizen‘s Bank. Orderj-direct
from this ad. and sure time. Free Cll‘cllllll‘.
MODERN HATOHERY

Mt. Blanchard, Ohio

400,000 Chicks

 

Box F.

E it its 5

FFOIII good heavy laying flocks on free
range. $7;
DS 50', $8: 100,
M_ I lixtru (Select
101. g. .0 ere
.4. LEGHORNS, 5i”),
"‘” ' ~ y y ; 500, 2.50.
BARRED ROCKS AND REDS, 50 100,

$17; 500, $82.50. Postpaid and full'live delivery
guiimiite'ed. ()rdei‘ now from this ad.e Catalog Free.

 

 

 

 

    

(‘iickerels

E VIEW POULTRY .
Holland, Michigan

"BBY CHICKS
HEAVY LAYING

breeding stock or real quality helps
producers Ovie’s strong liealithy and
husky chicks.

25,000 Thrifty Chicks Weekly

UTY
mutan- Write for Catalog. 14c. and up. prepaid.
12 leading breeds. Delivery guaranteed.

Ovie's Poultry Farm and Hatchery
132 Roots Street, Marion, Indiana

Routo 8, Box 3,

 
   

Jilic. This. ﬁrst was" at,  Moi-nee

> 'City. All told he probably defrauded

   

 

 

QUALITY CHICKS

GET THE PROFITABLE
AND_ LAYING .KIND,
They Will pay on big. Free
range. Selected. ogan test. Orp-
iiigtons. W. & Sil. Wyandottes,
50, $0.25; 100, . Rocks,
Reds, Minorcas, 50, $8.25; 100,
$16. Anconas, heav brmlers. 50.
$7.25; 100, 1 . ghoms, 50,
$7; 0, $13. Mixed,_ all varie-
, i ies. $11 per 100 straight. Post—
paid. Safe delivery. Circular free. Bank reference.
Middlepolnt Hatchery. Mlddlepoint, Ohio, Dept. B.

 

 

Day Old Chicks,

Strong. sturdy, S. C. White Leghorns (English
stmin) from large, vigorous, yearling hens, raised
on our own farms. ’I‘hat hy and pay. Barred Rocks
and Rhoderland Reds, from4best laying strains.
Send for our illustrated catalog, free.

Hillcrest Poultry Farms and Hatchery
R. R. 2, Holland, Michigan

BABY CHICKS

Barred ROCKS Ilardy freo range stock‘s. Pure

 

39:3: ?°°lk‘5°d' Breed Practical Poultry especial-
wyandot‘ms ly adapted to the farmer poultry-
Orpinotons man; stock that has proved of,
Leghorns— exceptional practical vulue on
Wh., Br., Buﬂ Michigan farms as high as 173
Anconas eggs a year flock average. Send
Mlnorcas for price list.

STATE FARMS ASSOCIATION

 

202 Chase Block, Kalamazoo, Michigan
 Low prices. From selected L'W
heavy laying ﬂm‘ks. English ' r‘

White Leghorns, Brown Leghorns An-
conas, Barred Rocks._l‘ostpuid, full live 
delivery guaranteed. (‘utaiog free. Bonk 0‘
Ref. THE 808 HATCHERY, R. 2.:
Iceland, Michigan. John 305.

 

 Barron Strain Selected
White Leghorns. Produced

under my personal care. Strong, vii,-
orous chicks carefully packed to go
safely. Postpaid, full live delivery
guaranteed. 50 chicks, $7; 101, $13;
: .30 , $02.50. Get your order in early.
Eco.“ HATCHERY, Box 317 A. laeland, Mich.
Y  White English Leghorns. Torn
 Barron Strain. White and
narred Plymouth Ito'ks, S G. . I. Reds, Buff
Orpingtons. All pur bred from ‘selectcd stock.
Live arrival gauar-anteed. Postage paid. We do cus-
tom hatching. Durand Hatchery, Fenton, Mich.

WHITTAKEB’S II. I. BEDSTMiéiiiigi
Color and Egg Strain. Bred from winter layers

for 13 years. Chicks and eggs. Write f6r free ‘cat-
alog. lnterlakes Farm, Box 4, Lawrence, Mich.“

easy cmcK uneasgp- BARRED ROCKS.
B Wynndottea, Black Mine _s, R- I. _ q
' ’ shipped

ich.

   

 

 

ma
Brown and White Leghorns. 12¢ and up
prism-rid. THOBL. .o. GALLAGHAN,‘ Fenton.
" ":9va This” ' “'“il'i‘ fhim’sl'i all”: "
coc 1‘8,‘ .; », ,‘n.y, » ,, I
100, dossiers-1c , in}! memos...

.3": Vern-state“   w

    

  

 

and the following year at Kansas

the public out of $100,000 or more.
As we have said before, buy Chicks
only from ﬁrms or individuals who
can and do present proper creden-
tials and references to you.

 

MANAGEMENT OF GROWIN

\ CHICKS ‘ .
THE care of growing chicks, es-

pecially during the very warm

weather, is most important, you
should give them the best of care
at this time if you wish to succeed.
The baby chicks maybe smart little
fellows from strong, vigorous parent
stock, and they may have been
brooded carefully for the ﬁrst two
or three we‘eks, but unless they re-
eieve proper care and management
during their later growing period
they will not develop properly, and
many of them will be lost by sickness
or disease ,

The chief essentials to proper
growth-are good coops or houses,
cleanliness, proper feed and Water,
shade; and free range.

Coops and Houses

Growing chicks should be provided
with large, roomy coops or houses
which will give them a comfortable
place to stay at night and during
stormy whether. No particular kind
of house is necessary, but it should
be so built that it will provide the
chicks with lots of light, pure air,
and sunshine, and protect them from
dampness and storms of all kinds.
It also should be arranged so that
it can be cleaned easily and frequent—
ly, which is very important.

If brood coops are used, do not
let too many chicks g0 into‘one coop
at night, as crowding will cause them
to become OVerheated, resulting in
improper growth and sometimes in
dead chicks. As the season advances
and the chicks become larger, some
lshould be removed and placed in

 

other coops to prevent crowding.
When poSsible it is best to provide
larger“ quarters .

A good house can be built from
dry—goods or piano boxes at a small
cost.

Every coop and poultry house used
for growing chicks should be kept
clean at all times. Sickness or di—
sease usually starts in unclean quar-
ters, and in such quarters lice and
mites are‘kalways more plentiful. .
The coops and houses should be

Joleaned and sprayed once a week,

and clean shavings, chaff, or sand
[put on the ﬂoor. Examine the chicks
Iand houses often for lice and mites,
and if found tliey‘should be got rid
of at once. ’

. Feeds and Water

A variety of feeds, with fresh,
clean water, is necessary if chicks are
to grow properly. The three feeds
most. necessary for rapid growth are
grain feed, green feed, and dry mash.

Grain Feed—In addition to the
green feed and dry mash, which
should be fed night and morning,
giving as large a quantity as the
chicks will eat clean, but no more.
A good grain mixture for growing
chicks consists of 3 parts cracked
corn, 2 parts wheat, and 2 parts of
hulled oats. . When available. kaﬁr
corn or rolled oats or hulled barley
may be substituted for hulled oats.
In localities where hulled oats, kaﬁr
corn, or rolled barley cannot be ob-
tained or is £00 h‘g‘l. in price, a
mixture of cracked corn and wheat
only may be fed until the chicks are
old enough to eat Whole oats, when
2 parts oats only may be added to
the corn and wheat mixture.

Green Feed A reasonable supply
of fresh green feed is almost as nec-
essary as grain for growing chicks if
they are to develop properly. If al—
lowed liberty they will (ﬂitain much
of it for themselves, but if kept in
conﬁnement or in quarters Where
green feed is not abundant, it should
be supplied to them regularly. Lawn
grass, beettops, cabbage, and lettuce
make excellent green feds.

When chicks are conﬁned to blood
coops with runs these should be
placed on ground where the grass is.
green and tender, and as ‘fast as it
is eaten off the Coop and run should
be moved to a place where the grass
is plentiful . 0
Dry Mash—In addition to > grain
and green feeds, dry mash should.
be kept before growing chicks at.all
times after they are three or. four
weeks old. It is best to feed it in

 

 

. shopper inside: ther‘bsildiss or where f

\ o

. less.

  

..‘ .w 3' I  I, .  r . a: j‘ .. > I:
lit, will. not she exposed to rain orw‘et.

If ‘a. large number of. chicks are
raised the mash may be, fed ginan
outdoor hopper. .

The following.mixture makes a
good dry mashf Two pounds corn
meal, 2 pounds middlings, 1 pound
oatmeal, 2 pounds wheat bran, 1
pound beef scrap, "and one—fourth
pound of charcoal. When larger 3.
larger quantity is desired it should
be mixed in the same proportion.

Grit and oyster shell should be

provided also, so that the chicks may
help- themselves whenever they Wish.
Sour Milk—Nothing is better for

growing chicks than a liberay supply-

of sour milk. If it can .be obtained,
it should be kept always before them
in an open dish or pan where they
can eat and drink it freely. When
sour milk is feed. the amount of
beef scrap in the dry mash may be
reduced one—half.

water—Plenty of fresh, clean
water is absolutely nec sisary for all
growing chicks. In hot weather it
should be given twice daily and put
into fountains or dishes and placed
in the shade so as to keep as cool as
possible. Clean the Water dish
thoroughly each day before ﬁlling. ~

An abundance of free range with
plenty of shade is necessary if the
chicks are to grow rapidly into vig—
orous fowls. Growing chickscthat
have free rangs obtain quantities of
green feed, bugs, worms, and other
things, therefore requiring less grain,
and they are also less liable to sick—
ness or disease. Give your chicks
free range whenever possible.—Ani-
mal Husbandry Division, U. S. Dept,
of Agriculture.

 

MICHIGAN RREEDER TRICKED
AT NEW YORK
VVENTY—three years of scietiﬁc
work gone for naught. Fifteen
thousand dollars‘ vanished. All
because of a few missing feathers.

This is what a few words in a tele-
gram received from New York said.
At the Madison Square Gardens poul—
try show, several crates of birds en—
tered by Mr. Ferris, were found to
have been tampered with and $15,-
000 worth of prize winning white
leghorns possibly rendered worth-
Tails of 14 male birds had
and they had been
roughly handled. L. E. Heasley,
representating Mr. Ferris at the
show, was compelled to withdraw
them from exhibition. '

The management of the show post—
ed noti-ce of $500 reward for infor-
mation leading- to the arrest of per—
sons responsible for the mutilation of.
the birds. It is believed the act was
committed by a rival exhibitor.

Represents 23 Years’ Work

The 14 mutilated birds are the re-
sult of 23 years’ breeding, culling
and seleCtin‘g and were the choicest
of his ﬂocks. Although their market.
value is probably around $15,000, he
says, to him they‘were worth many
thousands more and were not for
sale at any price.

For one year these birds had been
carefully grOomed for this show, Mr.
Ferris said. In order that not a
single feather should be broken or
the plummage ru‘ﬂed, they had not
been exhibited for '12 months, and
when the crates had been prepared
and the birds shipped it was Mr. Fer-
ris‘ belief that they were the best
to be found anywhere in the country.
He was conﬁdcnt they would carry
off all the awards as they have done
time and again in previous years at
other shows.

The loss of the 14 males will cause
him many thousands of do‘iiirs‘doss
in addition to their actual value.

been clipped,

AN NI’AL POI’LTRY (‘ROP \VOULI)

BI'ILD TWO PANAMA CANAIIS

The poultry in the United States
yields over half a billion dollars
every year—enough to build two
Panama Canals.

The Panama Canal cost about
$300,000,000. The poultry pro—
ducts are worth over $600,000,000
annually.

Ninety" per cent of this amount
is produced by the small ﬂocks on
the farms of the country—Interna-
tional Harvester Co., of America.

DOING HIS SHARE T00 "‘ \
’Fti'itor " Michigan Business Farmer—-
Enclosed ﬁnd order for one dollar to re-
new my subscription to Business Farmer
for two years. I‘ sure think you are
doing somethingto help us farmers in
these strenuous times so I feel we must
do our part with you.-—-—Thoma.s ,Ra.wson.j
Huron. County. ,MichI-gaqi.‘ W, - _ j, ‘

 

   

 

‘ unﬁt-ii.  
” ' .\ i‘Michigan’SVIGId 
Reliable Hatchery

( The meat modern and but _
equipped Hatchery m the state):

  Enslisli and
American
S.'C. W. Legiioms; S. C. Anconas; Barred
Plymouth Rocks and R. I. Reds Strong
well hatched chicks from. tested Hogani
Free stock that make wonderful '
winter la era. ' . .
Chicks sent by Ins‘iired ParcebPOst Prepaid
to. ypniﬁdoor. 1000],, live delivery uaran-
teeﬂ. fteen ye f.
dub and sh} _ i ,
' solu sa isfaction to thousands. Write for
illustrate free catalog and price »I'I8t.{
Get lowest price on best quality chicks, be-E
fore you buy.

 

 

(a

Holland Hatchery, R. 1, Holland," Mich." 4 

 

 

 

Old Chicks.

From Select, Hogan Tested.
Flocks on Free Range. . ell-
ied and handled to insure
. chicks.

Day

    

 

_ D OOKS 5 ,
_ ..?_- 8.50; 109,$16; 560,515.-
. -—-"" ' etched right and shipped
right. Postpaid. 100% live dchvery guar-'
aiiteed. Bank Reference. Order direct,
from this ad. Circular free. ' L

BORST a. ROEK, Box P, Zeeland, Mich.

 

 

 

 

From State Inspected
Flock:

 

:-
z
o
o
z
>
in
o
z
a
x

5”

in
to

n

3
.0

‘ =3- 7' 1 . discount on rl
orders to March 1st on these special matings.eaGe)t
our special low prices on our grade B Chicks. Post-
Ilaldk full live delivery guaranteed. -Refere ce 2
1131:1111] 3.” A11?) “Brefdinf sto'glzlabove ovarieties.
i e . . . '. . Ew P ULTRY
FARM, Route 2 K, Zeeland, Michigan.

Star Hatchery 8"“

CHI. KS

From Select Vigorous, Heavy
Laying B'reedlng Stock

WHITE and BROWN LEG-
HOR and$12Ng8NAa
—- 0—565

00MB REDS
50—$8 100-—-$16 BOO—$15
Hatched by modern methods
in best iiiacliinus under our
v _ 1 personal supervision. Careful.y
- I .I packed and sent postpiii'd and
100% live delivery guaranteed. Bunk Reference.
7 take no chances iii ordering STAR BABY
CHICKS. lace your order now and get them
when you want them

STAR HATOHERY, Box X, Holland, Michigan

    

 

WOLVEIIIIIE BABY GHIGKS
ABE CHICKS THAT SATISFY'

Bred for egg production -13 years. We
hatched and shipped chicks for 12 ears.
This assures ﬁ‘ou success. ENGLISH 'IYYPE -
WHITE A D_ BROWN LEGHORNS
1000/n safe arrival guaranteed. Write for
catalogue. > It’s e WOLVERINE =
HATOHERY, R. 2, Iceland, Mich.

PIONEER FARMS

CHICKS FROM PPROVED FLOOKO

 

 

 

., alog‘ue.., Cooks ,. . Bo
fliers—sis?”  We
a}: sleek T4 ill! . l ‘ ' l ‘i
,

 

 

Single Comb ito Leghorn: Heev
Layers 50,-s1 100, $13: 560, so!
.3” bargains .1:- 0'

arm, , , , ; 5 0 $1 .
erred Rocks, Extra Fine. 50, . -
100, $18; 0, S . 59 60
ll Chicks hatched from our own

A
Postpaid, 1 00 %

ﬂocks.
Reference Zeeland Starts gunk. Circular.

live delivery guaranteed.

PIONEER Mich.

GUARANTEED BABY OHIGKS

TOM BARRON ENGL‘SH.
8. 0_ WHITE LEGHORNS

1,500 breeders on our farm.
Hatch very Tuesday starting
March st. \Vrite at once for
new catalog and prices. 100%
delivery guaranteed, shipped
postpaid.

DOWNS
. F. D. 1, Washington,

FA RMS. M. ' Iceland,

 

 
 
     

POU LTRY FA RM
R Mich.

DAY OLD CHICKS

Best Payin , ﬂea Laying, Pure Bred Tom
 Barron Englis White ghorns, Rhode Island Reds.
'« Park‘s Barred Rocks. Strong healthy chicks from

State Inspected and Approved Stock. Order now
at new low prices. Instr-active catalog FREE.

Brenner's Poultry Full, Box 26 ,ﬂollqnd,ﬂichlgn

  

.‘V‘

JLJ.

 

GUARANTEED BABY onions '-

From World's champion Layers. Certi-
ﬁed Trap-Nested, l’edigreedﬁnowden’s English 
White Leghorns, 250-291 Egg records; Snep- .,
pard's 331 Egg strain A onas. Guaranteed 
thronxiifhfaéthty[chicéraEE eel money makers. A
emu u a a o . -
FRANK A. VAN BREE. Box 4' . Iceland. Mich.

  
  

 

 

——REMARKABI..E Fon SIZE

BABY ciiicx

. and strength. Reasonable
prices. Leg-horns, Ant-onus, Rocks. _Reds \‘Vyan-
duties. Or mgtmis, Minorcas, Spanish, rahmaa,

TYRO! 'POULTRY FARM, Fenton, Mich.

 

- ‘l

BABY OHIOst—FROM SELECTED FLOOKS

Six leading varieties. Po ular prices and guaranteed
delivery. Write for com og and price list.
H. H PIERCE, Jerome. Mich.

 

e. 0! r-POULTR
Grand Rapids, Mich.

U N
~ urebr‘ed certiﬁed egg—tested varieties. .Hatchm
p ' was» ‘7 ."

NI, R. 7,

 

S. C. Brown
Write for. uni2
Holland. .wch.

QUALITY BABY cii'icx

stra'n RVhite .Leghorn Baby Chicks.
‘ aim. Farm.

“it

A

      
  

   
   

 

   
   
    

 
  

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2i,

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:5 somehow-songs“: '60:”. 4: More

 
   
 
     
    
    
  

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5 SUMMARY: .

Industrial output is' beginning to catch up with agricultural production. The

large volume ‘of equipment now being ordered by the
encouraging.
warning.

pricet existing before the war but have 32 points yet

" "l I. ' PRODUCTION AND TRADE:
The year 1922 brought increasing industrial activity.
I The output in December, 1922,
was about 50 per cent ,more th n the month of lowest production, July, 1921.

-. , The railroads purchased eight times as many freight cars in 1922 as in 1921. In
This is particularly encouraging in view of the deficiency in railroad equipment. '
A‘ﬁct which is not,” favorable is the enormous output of automobiles which
shows no sign of lessening. Automobiles fall partly in the luxury class. Prices

put was around 30 per cent greater than in 1921.

of steel are rising and costs are and will be higher

necessary of present development than' the automobile industry.
Agricultural Output in 1922 was the third largest ever produced, being

exceeded in the years 1915 and 1920.
ll. FOREIGN TRADE: -

h

Total exports for 1922, when higher price level.is considered, were prac-

tically the same as for the previous year. Imports

Agricultural exports which customarily comprise a. little over one-half of the

1. Production and Trade

mating normal production, due allowance is made for seasonal
variation and year to your growth,

Nov., 1922 Oct., 1922 Nov., 1921
t 5

Anthracite coal . . . . . I, . . . . . . . .. 99 9 82

Bituminous coal . . . . . . . . . . . . . .* 81 75 67

Copper  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 87 84 19

Petroleum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .‘123 ‘112 ‘ 102
* Preliminary.

3. Manufacturing:

Wheat ﬂour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 109 ‘ 78

Meat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ‘ .97 82

Sugar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 147 108 127

Cotton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 106 95 90

Pig iron . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 92 83 7

Steel ingot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 85 53

Lumber . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   ‘ ‘ 84

Wood pulp . . . .._ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ‘ 92 .‘l

Gasoline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ." ‘ 105 96

Cement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  ‘ 126 102

Wool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ...' t _ 131 121

" Not available.

0 4. Building:

tDecember Twelve Months
1922 1921 1922 1921
Contracts svmrded in 27
States '

(r. w. Dodge 00.)
Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,080 6,181
Value (000,000 omitted). . . .8 215 8 199
5. Transportation: ‘

107,637 78.222
3 3,346 $ 2,359

Week Same Same

Week

Endinc Week Week Endinc

, - A Jan. 13, Month Year Jan. 13,

Freight Car Loadings: 1923 Ago Age 1922*
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .873,251 919,828 720,877 121
Grain and grain products. 51,034 55,608 ( 50,187 102
Livestock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37,500 38,170 36,165 104
Cool  . . r . . . . . . . . . .* . . . . . . . . 198.686 200,505 159,245 124
Coke . . . . .' . . . . ..‘ . . . . . . . . . 13,795 13,051 7,258 190
Forest products  . . . . . . . . 68,632 63,195 48,490 142
Ore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 10,763 9,879 4 451 243

_Merchandiso & Miscel. . . .492,841 539,420 415,081 119
‘ As percentage of week year ago.

0‘. Employment:

s

4. November, October, Sept,

- ’ ' r 1922 1922 _ 1922.
_, Ont 94.65 lnriustriaLrenters employment? . ‘ ~ ‘
" ,Inoreased over previous month.in........ 4. 56 48

Decreased from previous month 111...... 11 9 17
' I; (Heal-inns: ‘

      

  

  

, "14.31,‘

 

 
  

«unusual 41.1

Automobile production is continuing at a pace that contains a

The favorable factors in Europe in 1922 were ﬁnancial improvement
in England and France and industrial activity in France and Germany. Dis-
hearteningfeatures of the foreign situation include Mnemployment in England
(and ﬁnancial collapse in Germany. The new move by France to force payment

 by Germany injects new uncertainty into European affairs.

4 ' , Money and credit conditions point to continuing business revival in the

m, 2 "United States. The- general price level is 14 per cent above a year ago. Agricul-

‘ tural prices have made about a 6 point gain toward the relationship with other

   

total, declined in volume.
but in the‘ case of wheat about 40 per cent.
exports in 1921 were unprecedented in volume.

railroads is signiﬁcant and

England, the leading

ployment which persists.

In Germany, during
to go.
Manufacturing out-

settled conditions.

in lines of industry more

IV. PRICES:

  

‘ (309)3“3294 ,, 

I ’Revised 2 Monthly by "the De:

 

l

 

, , a. . . ' . v": -psrtment ‘of Research of tho
. '; eratiod.~
. ‘ L - I “/

The decline in cotton and pork products was small,
It should be remembered that wheat

purchaser of American goods, has improved its ﬁnan-

cial position to a marked degree during the year as reflected in a gain of about
50 cents in the price of British drafts.
A discouraging feature of the situation in England is the large amount of unem-

The price is still 20 cents under par.

France made some progress during 1922 in stabilizing its ﬁnances and its
population has been at work producing goods and rebuilding the devastated areas.

the year, production has been feverishly maintained

partly as a result of rising prices due to the unlimited issue of paper money which
has brought the financial structure to ruin. 1
American agriculture has a large stake in the stability of Europe and will
be confronted with uncertainty until European affairs are arranged. The present
activity of France, designed to force Germany to meet its obligations, has not gone
far .enough to indicate whether it will retard or hasten the coming of more

MONEY AND CREDIT: ‘
Interest rates are low, ample credit is available and industrial profits are
slightly higher than in 1921.
moderate increase in the demand for credit, and expanding industrial activity.
The Harvard Economic Service gives great significance to the money factor in
forecasting a continuation of the upswing in business for the year 1923.

This combination of circumstances should lead to

Farm commodities made a gain of 21 per cent in price during the year 1922.
Food products of which several are sold directly from the farm, advanced 6 per

cent.
showed a slight increase.

8. Mail Order Sales:

   
 

 

I. A . It Decemllbr Twelve Months
grlcu ure: - . . 2 ‘2 
U. S. Production—000,000 omltted. Montgomery 19 2 1921 192 .
 mammal-V” Ward" . . . . , , ..$ll,6‘32' “92 $ 7,425,126 3 92,474,152 $ 75,956,649
-  Diggzl‘“ D1699;.,13t Sears Roebuck... 20,736,201; 17,080,880 182,165,824 177,014,888
Estimate Average Estimate H. Foreign Trade
Preliminary 1921 1916-1920 percent ‘ Export _ ~ ‘3
Corn. bu. . . . . . . . . . . .. 25191. 3069 2831 162 - 5- 000 ,tt d
Wheat, bu. . . . .  856 815 799 167 01%,; her_ maven Months
Outs, bu. . . . . . . . . . . .. 1215 10:13 141).}  (“mummy 1922. .7 ems)“ . 1922. lém
E?2“im."‘.‘1.::::::::::: ‘3‘? 131‘ 1.1. 119 um will-,9“ “Pm-7379741$39312377437333909336?
Buckwheat, bu. . . . . . .. 15 14 14 16" 1130“? 9”“ W" W - - ' - 4 - - ~ wir‘. ,,:".“. ,:,,'g.,.:, (9:23“.

Potatoes, bu. . . . . . . . .. 451 362 373 116 Wily “’- - » - - - - - - - - - - - - -- (321,;3)" gl-Q‘E‘ fang, S‘hﬁ“;

Sweet pomnws' bun” 110 99 g9 17:; hum, ll). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 0...":1)  6881.» 02,13.

Hay, a“, mus . _ . . . _ _ u 113 93 102 11] .\cul.r:11 llll'd, lb . . . . . . . . . .. 1,478 1.9.1  1%.:

Cotton bales _ _ , _ _ _ _ U 10 8 12 83 lillilltl‘, ll). . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 511-1 4510 10.510 4,:17‘0

 . 9r — - or (‘hccso lb. . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3:42 566 4,699 11.44..

Tobacco, lbs. . . . . . . . .. 13-.) 1010 1318 .9 ‘ , .. I ‘ ‘ r _ 0

FlaxscmL bu, _ _ , _ , , ,, 12 3 11 169 Hula»: and skins . . . . . . . . . ..$ 31.4 is 524 $ _.%,.»91 $ 3.64..

Rice. hu. . . . . . . . . . . . .. 42 3s ‘42 100 com, bu. . . . . . ., . . . . . . .. 7,521 4,542 158.2451 118,161

Peaches, bu. . . . . . . . .. 57 33 44 129 Nicol and flour, bbl . . . . . .. 50 38 584 742

Pears, bu. . . . . . . . . . . .. 19 11 14 136 \Vllczlt, bu. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 10,577 13,955 155,015 269,606

Apples, total, bu . . . . . .. 204 99 179 iii Flour, bbl. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1,556 1,246 13,524 15,787

Apples, coln’l., bbls.... 31 22 27 113 0615, bll.  . . . . .  2.614 132 29,679 3,126

Suaar Beets. tons . . . . .. 5 8. 7 Tl 11ml and rolled, lb . . . . . .. 14,256 4,039 102,036 89,712

Cranberries, bbls.  .6 .4 .4 130 Fruits and nuts . . . . . . . . . . .8 13,658 8 9,725 $ 67.430 $ 64,489

Beaﬁ'S. bu. . - - - - - - - - - -- 12 9 13.3 90 \'c,",', oils and fats . . . . . . . ..$ 1,921 $ 1,667 9 12.9w 9 26,573

Onions, bu. ~ - - - - - - ~ - -- 18 14 17 W» Sugar, lb. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 8,767 37,974 1,930,749 862,522

Cabbage, tons - - - - - - - -- 1 ~6 -7 “3 Loaf tobacco, lb . . . .  * 29,236 * 476,581

Sorghum Simp' gal"" 37 46 40 93 Cotton bale . . . . . . . . . . .. 858 649 5,506 5.834

Cloverseed, bu. . . . . . .. 1.9 1.5 1.5 127 *Not' available.

Peanuts, lb. - . . . . . . . . .. 62: 823 10431 59 2 Imports.

Hope, I . . . . . . .  21 2 3-. 81 - - .
*As percentage of average 1916-1920. , _ lgggmemhgl 19;?” MOE?
\\0rld lroductlon 000.000 omitted. Average (grand total, all imports. 8228.725 $179,292 $2 181,326 $1,813,323
, 1922 ‘9.“ 1W“, ,3 :cct and veal, lbs . . . . . .. 10,033; 2,066 413.3,: .. ﬁg.)

Wheat, bu (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3058 _ 3,069 28.00 19611;.) Ibo]. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. é1m 335 97.3.3 101.7%

gonnlbu. (r3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3,421;  3 5:1: (3300‘va “j:- ‘ - - ' ~ - ' - - - ~ -- “m ,, 7m 05'“, 13153,.

ye, >u. (.l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 7 -. .  ._;' ‘53; ‘ ' ' ' ' ' ' ‘ ‘ " ,",' 3 _:',.,. "

oats, bu‘  . . I . . I . . . . .., ' I . . I I II  2,759 3‘nnq :‘l’K‘lLb 2;)“(1 shins. .. ..‘ . . . . ..$ 00,4)8; 32,80‘6 3.18.132 

Barley, bu. (5) ................. .. 833 818 9122 a??? bl‘ll‘ - - ' 4 ' - - - ' - - ' - -- 3- ,33, 1 .Ti ‘ 303;,

Potatoes, bu. (6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..3,123 2,445 3,666 “9,1th in] - - ' - - ' - ' - - - ' - H 785, 8‘, “'32, 192171

Cotton, bales (i) . . . . . . . . . o . . . . . . .. 16 14.1  131011;. ' bb] . l I I I . . i . I I i . I 42 4 '55-: ’78”

m “"93” “‘1 Mm” excmded- » Fruits; and. “1.1:. ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ‘ ' "s 3 864 5 268 55 489 49,529

(2) 17 countries. (3) 18, countries. (4) 27 countries. (5) V9, inf“ .md  i I I ' I . “$ 2.990 3.822 44.07!) 26,474
25 “mum” (6) 16 countries“ (7) 50° pounds “9" “"9"” Suiizlr lbs:  396.156 315,999 8,434,011 4,747,517
“eluded ‘ , Le??? tobacco, lbs . . . . . . . .. 2,796 2,000 51,556 36,914
2. Minino: . , , Cotton, lbs. . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2,506 3,181 113,724 67,091

Figures express production as a per cent of normal. In estl- Wool, lbs. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 27,892 14,592 278,527 288,114

3. Prices of Foreign Drafts:
Price of Demand Drn {in

Nominal Gold Value Jan. 22, Dec. 19,9611. 23.

PM of Exchange 1923 1922 1931

Enﬂland . . . . . . $487101£ Sterling. . $4.06 $4.61 $4.22
l-‘mnce . . . . . . . 19.3c to 1 fraud . . . . . . 6.341- 7450 8.044:
Hormnny . 23.87: to 1 mark . . . . . . .0050 .0156 #180
Belgium. . . 19.3c to l franc . . . . . 5.671: 6,830 7.749
ltnlv . .. . . . . . . 19.3c to l lire . . . . . . . 4.724: 5.08c 4.37c
\‘Dziin . . . . . . . . 19.3c to l peseta 15.624: 15.70(: 14.940
Austria . . . . . . 20.30 to l crown . . . . 00144: 00140 .03c
Denmark  26.801261 crown  18.68c 20.70c 20.00c
N'orway . . . . .. 26.80 to 1 crown . . . .. 19,646 19.05c 15.650
Sweden . . . . . . 26.80 to 1 crown . . . . . 26.800 26.890 24/850
Holland . . . . . . 40.2c to 1 tiorin .  . . 39.500. 39.82c 36.369.
\rgentina . . . .. 42.5c to 1 peso . . . . . . 39.250 37.900 34.251-
Brazil  32.4c to 1 milrels 11.456 12.15c 12.630
lndia  48.70 to l rupee  32,250 80,950 28.00c
Jilinm . . . . . . . . 49% to 1 yen . . . . . .. 48.850. 48.950. 47.386
Canada . .  . .100 c to 1 dollar . . . .. 99.130 99.43c 95.006

4. Discount Rate of the Bank of Enoland:
Jan. 17. 1923 Month Ago Your Ago
3% 3% 5%

III. Money and Credit

I. Gold, Currency and Bank Deposits:
000,000 omitted

Jan. 1, Dec. 1, Jan. 1,
1923 1922 1922
Stocks of monetary gold in the
United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..$ 3,943 $ 3,909 $ 3,657
Total supply of currency in the
United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4,733 4,617 5,775
. ' Sept. 15 June 30, Sept. 15,
' 1922 1922 1021
Total deposits ln National Banks...$l6,599 $16,321 $14,561

Dec. 1, Nov. 1, Dec. 1,
192 1922 1921
Deposits in New York City Banks.$3,850 $3,830 $3,840
2. Gold Movement: '

000 omitted

November .. Eleven Months

1922 . 1921 1922 1921
Exports of gold . . . . . . .8 3.431 $ 607 $ 34,165 $ 21,729
Imports of gold . . . . . .. 18,308 51,298 248,730 659,582

3. Federal Roservo‘Ratio:
' Jan. 17, Dec. 13, Jan. 18.
' 1923 1922 1922
Ratio of total reserves to deposit ,
and Federal Reserve note liabil-

ities combined ................... 76.1% . 75.1% 76.0%

4. Interact Baton: .
. *‘ . . -. '5 ,. » Dec.,,1922 Nov., 1922 Dec.,1921
bones; some“  4.88%‘ 1 4.88% ‘ 5.88%

 

,Iinito of 31.000.060.000   V i
' 7.. (Decz, 1922 “ Nov.,»lm, Dec., 1921
..  13.902 . $17.99  818.49'
“ .. 19:51 115.86. '

  

60-90 on coinmerctsl omen”... 4.62% _ 4.62%

 

 

 

 

5.12% '

All commodities, other than farm and food products, gained 16 per cent
during the year. These facts are based on wholesale prices collected monthly on
400 items by the United States Bureau of Labor Statistic‘

5. Discount Rates of the Federal Reserve. Banks:
Jan. 1,,1923 Dec. 1,1922 Jan. 1, 1922
Range of rates for the twelve,
banks on commercial, agri-

Cllltural and livestocn 11:1p<'r.4»41/é% 4—41,é%. 41/2—51/2%
6. Stock and Bond Prices:
Jan. 12, Dec. 8, Jan. 13,
1923 1922 , 1922
20 Industrial stocks . . . . . . . . . . . ..$98.l?3 $97.88 $80.82
20 Railroad stocks . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 85.09 84.56 74.98
40 Bonds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 89.01 89.06 85.26

7. Business Failures:

 

~~-u\\'cek Ending
Jun. ll, lllzlii l)c<'..8,1922 Jun. 12,1922

Brndsireots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 536 462 717
Duns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 546 484 719

IV. Prices

1. Wholesale Prices of Farm Commodities:
Quotations :ll (‘lm-nco oxcopt as noted.
Jun. 23, Month Year

1923 A110 A110

Fat hogs, cwt., avernur . . . . . . . . , . . . . .9 8 90 $ 8.45 8 8.75

Beef steers, good native, 0151., :H'.... 9.35 9,00 7.00

l"ut lambs, cwt., average . . . . . . . . . . .. 1420 14.25 13.30

l‘ut sheep. cwt.. average. . . . . . . . . . , .. 7.90 7.15 6.85
Wool, ()hio deluine unwusllwl, lb.

(Boston) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .57 .565 .45

Butler, 92 score, lb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .50 .51 .34

Cheese, N0. 1 twins, lb . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .266 .2675 .20

Eggs, fresh firsts, doz . . . . ..4 . . . . . . .. .333 .395 .39

Poultry, hens, 1b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .22 .17 .25

Wheat, No. 2 hzlrd, bu . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1.155 1.26 1.16

(Torn, No. 2 mixed, bu . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .695 .73 .505

Outs, No. 2 white, bu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .435 .455 .38

Rye, No. 2, bu. . . . ., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .855 .90 .815

lerley,‘ bu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .625 .67 .585

Knﬁr, N0. 2 white, cwt. (K, C.) . . . . .. 1.575 1.55 .94

ll. y, No. 1 timothy, ton . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2] 00 21.00 21.50

Flux, No. 1 bu, (Minul'npolisd . . . . .. 2,81 2,605 2.16
Cotton, middling, lb. (New Y lrk) . . .. 2875 .268 .1775
Beans, White, cwt. (f. o. b, Michigan) 8 0:7 7.50 4.65
I’otntoes, northern whites, cwt . . . . . .. .90 .85 2.00
Onions, midwest yellow, cwt . . . . . . .. 2.75 2.50 8.00
Apples, winter varieties, bbl . . . . . . . .. 5.00 5.00 8.50
Hides, No. 1 native heavy, ll) . . . . . . .. .205 .20 .165
Sugar, ﬁne granulated, 11). (.N Y.).. .067 .0705 .0505

2. U. S. Department of Labor Relative Wholesale Prices:
Prices in your l913 oounl 100
Dec., 1922 Nov., 1922 Dec., 1921
All commodities (WclcllH-d average

or general pricv ll‘\'(ll) . . . . . . . .. 1.79 156 140 .

Farm products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 145 1411 120

Food products . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 14-1 143 136

Cloths and clothing . . . . . . . . . . . . .. l94 192 180

Fuel and lighting , . . . . . . . . . . , . . .. i’ll; 2l8 199

Metals and llll‘l I [ll'wlllll‘ih‘ . . . . . . .. 13H 133 113

Building: lnuterizlh . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 185 185 158

)lllilmiczlls and drugs . . . . . . . . . . . .. 190 127 127

House furnishings . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. L822 179 178

Miscellaneous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 122 121

3. Prices of Farm Products at the Farm Relative to 1913:
0 Prices in your 19:3 «1‘.(;‘:‘:Rl 100

Commodity: Nov., 1.922 ()ct., 1922 Nov., 1921
(‘otton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 192 l81 131

(‘orn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ll 1 106 '71

Wheat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1‘29 135 118

llny . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. IIS 99 110

l’otulocs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 90 98 171

Reef (‘illllt‘ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . fill 93 8‘0

“"05 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. llli ill 89

Egg; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2'13' lflﬂ 265

lilllil‘l‘ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l 71 1423 152

\\'()(ll . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199 193 93

'1. Relative Purchasing Power of Far-ti Products:

The quantity of various C(immlidlliDS-Wllll'll a given amount
of each farm product would purchase at prices prevailing in 1913
is put equal to 100. The ﬁgures given represent the percentage
of this quantity which the same amount of farm products would
purchase in November, 1922. Prices at the farm are used for
:lericultllrﬂI products, and wholesale prices at central markets for
other commodities. ’ '

All Com— Cloths, Fuel, Metals, Bu llding House '

modities etc. etc. t-ic. \irls. Furn'xzs
Cotton . . . . 123 100 88 144 104 107
(“61:11 . . . . . . 71 58 51 83 60 62
Wheat  83 67 59 97 70 72
llzly . . . . . . 74 60 53 86 62 64
I’otzltoes . . 58 47 41 68 49 50
Beef cattle. 57 46 41 67 48 50
Hogs . . . . .. 87 54 48 78 56 58
liens .. . .. 153 124 '110 , 172 129 133
Butter .... 99 81 71 ~. 116 . 84 . 877 ~
Wool .. 128 104 91 150 ‘ 108‘ ' 111

Average purchasing power of all farm products in terms of an:
other commodities. Same basis. as.above table. '
' l

1913......‘..'. . . . . . .. 00 December, 1921 ......... ..62
1914 ..... ..'.'..._.....11‘2 January,1922 .........I..e'5
1915...... . . . . . . . . ..106 'March . . . . . 

1916 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 89 . May  s
1917 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..166 July  ..............09
1918........ .. 112 September  .64
1919.......... . . . . ..111 October'.'...,..L.-...........'..65l
1920 ....  90 "November 3.4;....:...'..;;.’..oo‘
1921 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 67 December" ..................‘.6t

 

 

 

 

    
   
 
  
 
 
  

  
  
 
 

 

   
 
 
 

 
 
   


FOOTE’S MARKET LETTER
By W. W. Foote

T is ‘an old saying that advice is
I cheap and the more one gives,
the more one has left. Perhaps
this is an exaggeration; at any rate
there are many requests fromﬂfarm—
ing districts asking what appears to
be the best course to follow at this
time in regard to selling grain and
other farm products. In replying,
it should be said that much depends
upon how the farmer is ﬁxed ﬁnan-
cially and whether he is' Working his

owu farm or that is not mortgaged. "

Supposing that the Michigan farmer
is out of debt, and physically able
to carry on his farm work'withOut
hirihg any helpers, there appears to
be no good reason for worrying over
the existing canditions. over in Eu—
rope, bad as they are. Michigan
farmers are as a class practically
clear 0f the strined conditions in
such states as Iowa and Illinois,
where the great war boom in farm
prices 1ifted, lands to extremely arti-
ﬁcial ﬁgures: and turmmore, our
Michigan farmers are ely in the
habit of diversiuﬁying their crops,
instead of depending mainly on a
single crop. Then the farmers of
this state are more than ever before
realizing the importance of growing
most of the foods consumed on the
farm. It is worth remembering
that about 9 per cent more of the
food consumed on farms could eco-
nomically be produced locally rather
than brought in from distant pro-
ducing areas, as a recent nation—Wide
survey made by the United States
Department of Agriculture main-
tains. This statement is the result
of questions mailed to 20,000 crop
reporters in all parts of the country,
revealing that about 60 per cent of
the food consumed on American
farms is produced locally. To this
statement, it may be added that this
applies especially to Michigan, and
farmers who raise their own veget-
ables, apples, beans. hens, cows, and
hogs have gone a long way to ‘solve
the vexing problem of living com—
fortably on the old farm. As for
marketing the surplus products of

the farms, that is, of course, quite ‘

a different matter.

Manifestly, the market reporter is,
fallible in judging the future out—
look, but just now it seems to be ad-
‘visa‘ble to let the live stock go to
market as soon as fat enough to
grade well and not 'try to produce as
much weight as is possible. Much
depends upon whether the farmer
has sufﬁcient feed for his stock, and
if he is short of feed, the best course
is to ship the stock without delay.
In reading the market reports, it
should be remembered that cattle
classed as choice to prime out no
ﬁgure in the sales, so few are offered.
Most of the cattle marketed are of
what is termed an “in-between”
kind, with good representation of
the poorer kind. Hogs are bringing
good prices still, despite the liberal
marketing at packing points, while
sheep are making their fortunate
owners no end of money.

“’hy W’hcat Prices Fell

While prices for wheat are lower
than they were several weeks ago,
being put forth by market writers
ago, they are still higher than before
the war. N0 end of predictions are
being put forth by market writers,
reinforced by ﬁgures showing the
available stocks and what the world
importing countries may be expected
to consume; but it may be just as
well for the farmer owning market-
able grain to take a fair price so
long as it is offered, even if the price
is higher later on. As for corn, the
farm is the place for using it, al-
though after feeding all that is need~
ed for home feeding and- for seed,
the remaining surplus should be sold
without undue delay. Corn for May
delivery haﬂeen selling recently on
the Chicago market around 20 cents
a bushel higher than a year ago,
although remaining stocks appear to
‘ be ample. Traders are not showing
much interest in the oats market,
and supplies are. ample, although
. stocks in sight are much smaller
2 ,:.than. a, year ago.‘ Qat prices has CQﬁ-t

 

 

Wheat prices gain

MARKET SUMIVIABY
slightly as demand improves.

Corn easy.

Oats“: and we remain unchanged. Beans are inactive. Live '
poultry, dressed calves and hogs are wanted.-. Receipts of butter

and eggs exceed demand and market is easy.

Potatoes steady.

All live stock show .more activity and the market is steady.

 

Inter-manor: was rocelved‘ AFTER the balam ol the W
hat mlnuto Informatlon up _to within one-half hour of

(Note: The above marina
lei. page was not In type. It contains
going to press ——Edllor.)

 

 

 

 

considerably higher than a year ago.
and May rye sells a little higher than
last year. Exports of wheat, ﬂour,
and rye have been running on quite
a large scale, with heavy exports of
rye to Germany and Norway, owing
to the fact that rye is cheaper than
wheat. Wheat for May deliveryr
sells in Chicago at $1.17, While cash
sales are made of No. 2 yellow corn
at 71% cents, No. 2 white cats at
461/2 cents, rye at 86 cents and bar-
ley at 60 to 64 cents. Michigan pea
beans sell at $8.35 to $8.45 per 100
pounds, with buying in a small way.
Live Stock on Farms

There were more hogs on farms
in the United States on January 1
than at any time since 1919, as is
shown by the recent government live
stock report. The total number is
63,424,000 head, a gain of 5,000,000
as compared with the revised ﬁgures
of the previous year and 7,327,000
in excess of two years ago.

Milch cows increased 347,000 head
as-compared with the previous year,
while cattle increased 373,000 head.
The largest increase in other cattle
is in the states where the corn crop
was largest, and represents a shifting
of livestock from sections Where the
crops were short to other parts of
the country where feed is abundant.

A gain of 882,000 was shown in
the number of sheep as compared
with 1922, while mules increased
39,000 and horses decreased 203,000
head. Comparative ﬁgures follow:

Farm Animals Total
Horses——Jan. 1, 1920 .......... ..19,766,000
Do Jan. ,1, 1921 ................ ..19,208,000
Do Jan. 1, 1922.... ....... ..19,056,000
~Do Jan. 1, 1923 ............... ..18,835,000
Mules—~Jan. 1, 1920....-...-... 5,427,000
Do Jan. 1, 1921 ............... 1. 5,455,000
Do Jan. 1, 1922 ............. .__ 5,467,000
Do Jan. 1, 1923 ............. .._ 5,5067000
Milch Cows—«Jan. 1, 1920 23,722,000
Do Jan. 1, 1921 .......... .____23,594,000
Do Jan. 1, 1922 .............. ....24,082,000
Do Jan. 1, 1923 ................ ..24,429,000
Other Cattle-Jan. 1, 1920 43,398,000
Dc Jan. 1, 1921 ...... ..:; ...... ..41,993,000
Do Jan. 1, 1922 ....  _..._.41,550,000
Do Jan. 1, 1923 ................ ..41,923,000
Sheen—Jan. 1, 1920 .......... ..39,025,000
Do Jan. 1, 1921 ............... “37,452,000
Do Jan. 1, 1922 ........... ..36,327,000
Do Jan. 1, 1923 ................ ..37,209,000
Swine—Jan. 1, 192.0..........-.59,344,000
Do Jan. 1, 1921_-*..._...56,697,000
Do Jan. 1, 1922 ......... 157,834,000
Do Jan. 1, 1923....“ .......... ..63,424,000

The Chicago Cattle Market

More cattle are being fed in feed-
ing districts than a year ago, and
western markets are receiving more
than at that period, the bulk of the
beei‘ steers grading only fairly well
and feW-of the prime long-fed heavy
steers going at $10 to $11 per 100
pounds. However, prices are still
much higher than a year ago or be-
fore the war, and there is a good
proﬁt for the stock feeder who under-
stands the business. Not many
stocker and feeder cattle are being
shipped back to the farms for a pro-
per ﬁnish, and such cattle sell at
high prices, the packers competing
with country buyers for the best of-
ferings. Beef steers are selling
mainly between $8 and $10, with
sales down to $6.25 to $7.25 for the

commoner kinds and plenty of Cows

and heifers taken at $4.50 to $7.

\ Veal calves are selling at $6 to‘ $12-

.50 per ‘100 pounds and stockers and
“Rogers at $5 to $8, mainly at $6.50
to 7.50
Chicago Hog Marliét
Because of greatly increased re-
ceipts, prices have rundergone ‘a.
great reduction within a short time.

a ruling. the lowest me long tune, not;

H'were normal the natural

withstanding a large demand for the
better classes of swine for shipment
0
while, the consumption of fresh pork
products
ports of provisionsare heavy, recent
exports of lard being far greater
than a year ago. Hogs are marketed
mostly very heavy in weight, recent

receipts averaging 241 pounds. This "

is the heaviest at this season in over
ten years and 15 pounds above the
average for the period. The large
number of hogs feeding points to
heavy consumption of corn and cor—
responding high prices. Unusually
heavy receipts of hogs last week
caused big breaks in prices, late sales
being made at $6.80'to $8.40.

.Big Proﬁts from Sheep

Michigan farmers have never gone
back on sheep, and seldom have they
made such handsome proﬁts as this
season. Michigan is one of the im-
portant feeding states, and owners
have been marketing their fat ﬂocks
of sheep, yearlings and lambs in
Chicago freely recently, prices alter—
nately advancing and weakening,
but all the time ruling much higher
than a yearago or before the war.
Colorado is a large sheep state, and
many hooks are being marketed from
there. Demand runs much. strong—
est on fatwhandy—weight lambs, and
consignments averaging 90 pounds
and over are severelydi‘scriminated
against by packers. Late sales were
made of lambs at $12.75 to $15, with
feeding and shearing taken at $13.75
to $15.25. Shorn lambs fetch $1.50
to $2.50 less than these prices.

v

\VHEAT

In spite of the fact that during
the past fortnight the Wheat market
has had nothing but bearish news
the price has changed only slightly.
In general, the price has been at
about a standstill.
the price brought out a large supply
of grain while any decline found the

market well supplied with buyers. ,

export demand is practically no—
thing. Dealers are expecting only a
very little business from that source
until a settlement has been reached
between France and Germany. It
is hard to predict what the market
will do. The supply is large and de-
mand small at present and if times
trend of
prices would be downward. But
conditions. are far from normal at
present and the supply and demand
position is not exercising its usual
inﬂuence. Many of the larger deal-
ers are conﬁdent that the wheat
market is in a position for an ad-
vance in the near future. Some
look for the advance to amount to as

' much as 5 cents.

‘ Prices” /

Detroit—~Cash No. 2 red, $1.35;
No. 2 white, $1.33.

Chicago—No. 2 hard, $1.15%.

New York—No. 2 red, $12915;
No.2 hard, $1.25%.

Prices‘one year ago—4Detroit, No.
2 red; $1.27%; No. 2 White, $1-
.241/2; No. 3 mixed, $124541.

7 CORN _
The corn markét was agected by

the action of wheat during the past.

two weeks. The, price at Detroit
has shOWn little change during this
period. I Demand is light being most-
ly local and-receiptsare’ot fair vol-
ume, although not enough to over-
load the market and cause prices
to decline. ' ' r

Detroith No”. “(6361:; N9.

eastern packing points. Mean-a

is extremely large, and 91-»

Any increase in‘ ‘

d near future.’\ However,“higherpﬁc

.3. “‘-

RZ y;ilo;v, 70%@71c.  ’
. ew _ or ———No. 2 ellow . .
2 white, 88 ﬁe; y and No
Prices one
2 yellow old,
53c; No. 4

year agoé—Detroit,;ﬁo.‘
57c; No. 3 yellow new;
yellow new, 511,443: . ._ 

Oats are featureless and continue-

to follow the trend of other ain's.‘
The market is inactive gr .
light, both domestic and shipping.

I ero —-- sh No. 2, 49¢; . ,
47%;; No. 4, 46b. -No 3»
- cage-No. 2‘ white, 43 4d-
1,4; No. ‘3 white, %@ 
New York———No. 2 white, 55c.

-

No. 2 mixed, 88%. ’ ’

with demand 7'»

2.

421,4@44c. :19"

Prices on year~ag0——Detroit, No. 

21white, 40c; No. 3, 37%.
-—~—————_.._._.._.
, . RYE
This market has been quiet \the-
past couple of weeks. Demand and
supply are just about balanced. At
the present time many of the larger
dealers believe that the market is in
position to decline although theztone
is steady and quiet on the majority
of the larger markets. .
Prices
Detroit—eCash No. 2, 900.
Chicago—Cash No.-«2-, 86%@86~
c. ‘

Prices/one
No. 2, 8 7c.
___~—————..

BEANS

There has been several declines in
the price of beans on the Detroit
market during the past fortnight and
many are becoming frightened b-e-
lieving that the market is at the be-
ginning of a long slump. We can-
not believe this is true because pres--
ent conditions justiﬁes an upward
trend instead. To the “Bean and
Pea Journal” the market for the
navy beans appear as follows, ac"
cording to the most recent issue of
that publication: “The predictions
that beans will see 9 or 10 cents
seems possible of fulﬁllment. Many
believe there will be a steady drift
upward well into the spring and sum-
,mer months. -

year ago—Detroit, Cash

But another view is coming to the- V

fore. With the price at present high
point, there is a slight nervous feel-
ing. - Realized that it will take little
to swing the market the other way.‘
It is most__authorativedy stated that
in Michigan most of the beans are
out of the farmers’ hands, and that
elevators are ﬁlled to the brim with
beans 0f ﬁnest quality.

“They were bought at much lower
prices. They are in strong hands,
in the hands of those who intend to
get the highest ﬁgure they can. And
while there has been a distinct less-
ening of demand, canners are said
to be badly in need of beans.

“Thoughts'are turning to acreage.
The government has urged that more
beans be planted.
tions are experimenting with beans,
and it is very likely that 1923 will
see one of the largest acreages of
beans in recent history.

“Importations continue" to be a
slight factor, but not enough to cause
much domestic concern. ,

“Several bead orders have 'been
ﬁlled during recent weeks, one’for'
the navy.” '

Prices

Detroit—C. H. P., $7.70 per cwt.

Chicago—C. H. .P., $8.10@8.15.

Prices one 'year ago—Detroit, C.
H? P., $4.80: .

__ POT OES .

The tone of the potato market is
better than it has been for some
time. The car shortage is causing
the surplus on the eastern markets

.to disappear at such a rapid rate that

dealers are beginning to worry, and

there is a stronger and healthier

appearance to, this market at this
time in that section than for some
time invthe‘past. The car shortage
along with increased demand is giV-
ing the western markets a ﬁrm tone
and higher prices are expected in the

0*.

x  '

any 1110. .4,.,_7s,m_;”ne. ravine;  . ,  '

Various new sec—

 


  
     

  
  
 
   

 
 

  
  
  

 

 

“i E-i-
.1“ -.1_-

Vmb'

- —£"—

‘ .
i

9.,

\

  
    

     
   
   
 
 
   
   
  
 

 
  

 

 

   
  
   
   

1391‘ m
Whites, 85@90c per cwt.
 iP‘rices one.

   
 
  
   
  

  
 

 8 tlixmla “twat Bills tion. Bred for
1 ' ,es 0 00
£211 aliases. Some nic'e gilts and boars In this 0

    
  
 
 

 

 

I . mip
'rgdpheifer calf 1Q mo. red bull c

r ‘ Berkshire h
_ . ’ OI"

 

 

  
  
 

 
  

  

d—Mlhnesiots lsac'ked,‘ $1.

0116‘ , ,,   _ ,
:73 Minnesota ‘ sacked round

      

   

. year 'agol—Detroit,
$2.36 per cwt. * ._

an... E. ..

:‘T-AUCYT ION!

T4 rel-sunny a, reason 12 smear
  dispose of our Surplus breeding 
Us; [ 1mm: 'miii ms, simulates. NICH-

60, Reg. Poland Chinas 60
“‘1 5°“ “13.333 m. it

'  " ‘ 50 EWes 50,

' Emegiinanol t‘1’)reitacaléngoewes. Mostly 2 and 3
v \4 Scotch Shorthorn Cows 4

‘ Range from' 3 to 6 yr., olds.‘due to calve or will

xford buck for March

and grand dams

have calves by side. Grand sires
mo. old

a. son of Lorne. 10
elf

Percherons
2 pure bred stallion colts 8 mo.’ old, dark greys.
‘ ' . 1d, wt. 1,0 0.
1 pure bred stallion coil; 9 m&. (L 0. Farmers.
black mares. Full sisters.

1'.
’1‘ ms 2 er cent discount for web. Bank notes 8
e at 6 Iper ‘cent. The above stock Will positively

- mo. _
be sold. regardless of price.

J. M. HICKS & SONS, Wllllamston, Mich.

W. MURRAY, AUGTIONEER

PUBLIC SALE!

OF BIG TYPE

Poland China Hogs
Feb. 14, 1923

60 HEAD PURE BRED, IMMUNED—S
YEARLINGS, 43 SPRING GILTS, AND
' 2 GOOD SPRING BOARS

This is as good a bunch as Northern
Ohio ever has oﬂ‘ered for sale. T

. . o_

ledliogghl‘lgrtlis vi“ egg; 0613110 ei‘iigcééim Stop
43. to for (hitalogue.
O. H. KNIERIM J: SONS
“ Elmore, Ohio.»

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

BREEDERS DIRECTORY
(Continued from page 23.)

ASHORTHORN CATTLE TUBERCULIN TESTED

, b th sexes,
on lag? MAOIOHELE, Mlddlevllle, Mich.

FOR GALE—SHORTHORN BUILL OALF. ROAN
9 months. 0f herd of Joe Murray on.
MR8. JOE MURRAY. R. 2, Brown City, Mich.

DURHAMS

ALE—FIVE REGISTERED DURHAM
l:1?)le frsom ten months to one year old I have
use a few Semi Durhams for sale.
HENRY J. LYNDO'GR, Mayvllle, Tuscola 60., Mich.

ANGUS

VE SOME FINE YOUNG ANGUS BULLS
£0511 "Tnteruationcl Grand Champion Stock at
reasonable prices. E. H. KERR a (20., Addison,

Mich.

W
ALE—«SIX YOUNG ABERDEEIBANGUB
FOR 3nd heifers. Well bred. good individuals,

 

 

my“ $300 0 i o B. m
' Pmi’sso. l-‘I Tuliwiiv a SON, Ovid, Mich.

AL PRICE ON BULLS, RANGING IN
255?er 8 to 11 months, until Jan. lst, 1923.
RUSSELL BROS.. Merrill. Mich.

GUERNSEY 8

FOR “SALE—REGISTERED GUERNSEY HEIF-
ers at reaso' bn Ch)

1 .
MﬁyHFw. VVIEGMgAN, Lansing. Mlch., Box 52. ‘
O ALE REGISTERED GUERNSEYHNE
gullR rgady for service_and calves. Herd Just

. ed chon
T“ Bung. unneeded, a. 1. McBride, Mich.

GUERNSEY BULL 1 '/2 YEARS OLD. SIRE'
and dam A. 'R. , robust and well bred. 7-8
blood of Norman enkee Red Nose. Price $125.
Accredited herd. A. M. SMITH, Leke City. Mich.

FOR SALEnREG. GUSRNBEY cow, HIIFERS

 

 

f ~ heal
WliLgllllll cavuiiumiiiz’ii xo’ilflc "amnion. Mich.
JERSEYS ,

 

JERSEY BBEEDEBS .ATTEIITIDIII

' l! r several yearhn bulls r for service

‘1. Eli? 3: is Sllser Medal sire and n. M. Dams.

Good lookin dmduals. and p sen,
Gemini 0d ll unrealiL‘lIci'lin rsnﬁm‘sdoi' h H

e . P 000.

Owner .. Shelby. Mich. Farm Supt.

 

JERSEYS. POGIS 99“ OF H. F. AND
Young stock for sale. I-lerd

State and Federal Government.
and descrrption.
BELDING, Mich.

“$9.1: bre

es .

fullJyt accredit? bor pm“
v13

W“ lauoil c. WILIUR, ‘

YEAILINO JERSEY BULLS

   . anhopie 19th Tormentor breeding.

a. i. no
 I ‘ BROWN’SWYISB_
Iron isA-LE—Rseisrsnso snows silvi‘se

* I d cows. so one bull. Herd federal ao-
 FARMS. .Sehewalna. Mich.

‘Rls. Pennington. Mich.

Iron: sees—nseis‘rt so snows s‘wrss

’ n
-’ ’11 'rd fedenlnecredited. Dome end-see them or write
_ ~¢ fonghet you went. Ervln‘R. Moore. Oueo, Mich.

 

 
 

 

 
  

able prices, also choice bull calves of '

. .,  ' ’~»’ astern ‘ mar
_ ,  "‘Prices ’ 7 A E
; WWWMichigan, .$-1@1.10 per ‘
.This has created a little better feel-H

‘rd .

kets , generally are.
steadyundersmaller receipts of the
good qualities. othay.  Some . embar-
goes last week curtailed shipments
and, very. few..permits were issued.

ing as not enough hay arrives , to
cause any . accumulation. Western
markets, hOWever, are a little lovver,
as in some instances the receipts ex-
ceed. the"demand. There‘ are many
rep'orts of poor hay in the daily ot-
ferings. v ’ .
4 Prices '

Detroit—~No. 1 timothy, $16.50
@17; standard, $15@16.60;.‘ligh_t
mixed, $16@16.50; No. 2 timothy,
$15@15.50; No. 1 clover mixed, $14
@14.50. ,_ ' ‘

Chicago——No. 1 timothy,» $20 @21;
standard No. 2, $17 @18; light clover

.mixed, $18@19; clover No. '1, $14

@15. ~ .
New York—No. 1 Light clover

mixed, $23‘@ 24; No. 1 timothy, $23
@24; No. 2, $21@23.

Prices one year ago—Detroit, No.
1 timothy, $19@20; standard tim-
othy, $18@19. .

Aalfalfa—Detroit, No. 1, $14@
17 per ton; Chicago, No. 1, $22@
24 per ton. ‘

 

MISCELLANEOUS MARKET
QUOTATIONS

Detroit, Tuesday, Jan. 30th.

BUTTER—Best creamery, in tubs,
48c per Ib.

EGGS—Fresh, according to-qual-
ity,,35@361/2c; refrigerator, 26@
271/20 per doz. :

HONEY—Comb, 23@25c per lb.

DRESSED EGGS—~90 to 130 Tbs,
11@120; 130 to 160 lbs, 9@100;
heavy, 5@8c per lb. .

LIVE POULTRY—Best chickens,
210; leghorns, 170; best hens, 22@
24c; medium hens, 21@22c; small
hens, 17c; old roosters, 15c; geese,
16@17c; ducks, 24c for large and
200 for small; large turkeys, 34@
350; small turkeys, 35c per lb.

 

 

  

"J

 

 

 

Week of February 4

RIGHT, sunshiny days and clear

moonlight nights will usher in

the week of February 4. Each

day nearer the middle of the week

after Sunday will average warmer in

Michigan as a result of the eastward

movement of a moderate storm
center. r

By the middle of the week rain 0
snow in scattered localities together
with moderately strong winds will
have reached the state and immedi—
ately following, say about Thursday
or Friday, there is expected to be a
sudden. and extensive drop in temp—
erature.,

About Saturday of this or Sunday
of next week Michigan residents may
expect moderate snow and sleet
storms with strong winds that. Will
cause drifts and blockades in many
sections unless proper precautions
have been taken.

Week of February 11

Rain, sleet or snow will be falling
in Michigan as this week begins that
may cause local drifts and blockades.
These will not necessarily cripple
business or transportation for any
great length of time, if at all but
we do look for a sudden and rapid
fall of sleet or snow that in combin—
ation With the high winds and storm-
iness will occur about Monday but
another storm that was formed soon
after the last storm got its start will
have reached the Lake region about
Tuesday. Some wind with snow or
sleet may be expected in Michigan
just before the middle of the week
as a‘consequencep

-. During the next two or three days
of the week temperatures will drop
far below t‘he,normal for this month
in Michigan and no moderation is to
be expected until after. the middle
of the week. . ' '

About Thursday temperatures will
be getting warmer in Michigan, the
skywill be cloudy and there Will be
more. indications of rain Or snow.
Much colder weather is to be ex-

 

 

. ythi Week».

    

 

 

 

Cut mm... CoSISWIi-li i
 Boiler ilarquiiipman

VT doesn‘t matter whether

your barn is largeor small

-oid or newhyou will ﬁnd
' products in the bi Porter
line that will pay or them-
- selves again and again.

Get the FACTS about
them now—while you have
leisureto plan your improve-
ments carefully. Just check
2 the items in which you are
interested. tear out thispeg’e,
write your name and ad-
dress in the margin and
mail it beck to us.

D Steel stalls end eunchions
D Litter carriers
UFeed carriers
DSteel cattle pens
DSteel hog pens I
U Automatic drinking bowls
D Hay tools
D Barn door hangers
DGarage door hangers
DCupolss and ventilators
D Barn plans

lit." PORTER products have been

’3‘; ;. standard equipment for 55 years

' —every modern improvement for
barns and hog barns. if you ex-
pect to build or re-model ask for
PLAN BOOK Ne. e4

' I. E. Porter Corporation
532 Guion Street 3 Ottawa, Illinois

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
  
  
 
 

 

 

 

» ling, spring and fall boars.
Farm 4
Gratiot 00., Ml

 

pected. during the closing .days 01_

 

“39p amiable Since Sixty-E 13717!"



from picture which shows larger ca-
pacity machines. Get our plan of easy
MONTHLY PAYMENTS
and handsome free catalog. Whether
dairy is large or small, write today.

AMERICAN SEPARATOR co.
I“ 106., Bainbﬂdgo.H.Y.

 

 

 
 
  
  
  
 

 

 
 
  
 

 lli

F-

'i‘llllilll. ‘

    

 

Write for

lobaﬂ's

, 1923 from-grower prices.
Catalog 3. M. ISBELL 3. COMPANY

 

 1 _0[5[[

Isbell’s Michigan-grown Garden Seeds assure a big-yielding, proﬁt-

 

e‘7(3i15 '31
' Boo“ ; ,  FREE

 the  you own or

intend tobuythis year-and mention the name and

address of your implement dealer. We'llmail' you
free aﬁO—page Farmers’ RecordandAccount Book.
Thisisarrangedfortheess takmg' diamond
household inventories, and yfor the I: he of
simple accounts which ' show a com to and
accurate ' condition of your year’s busi-
nesthwillhelpyouﬁndsndstopthemmeyleeb.
Ask also for P (Intel co the
.mm..:"°°.. . t...” WW1. ......
whyyourdollarabuylnoreinePlpec. _:
PAP"? MACHINE COMPANY
187 Main St. Shorteville. N. Y.

so distributing Houses enable Papec
dealers to owe prompt service

APE -

ENSILAGE CUTTER]-

4" THROWS

AND BLOWS" ”
' - r

 

 

 

FOR SALE!
USED MACHINERY

16 H., 18 11, 20 H. 25 II. Nichols do
IShepard  Traction Engines, 106 l

H., .. H. lluher, 18 ll., 2 ll.
RumeLY. 18 11., ‘J l) H. Pitts, 20 H.
Reeves, 8 H Aiiltnian & ’i‘aylor 1 8

H. Minneapolis. 23 in. Aultnian & Taylor
threshcr, 28 and 32 in. .l. 1. Case, 28 in,
3‘ In. and 36.111. \Vood Bros.._ 36 in.
Cape. 82 121. Minneapolis. SillillWlCl’l Belt
Power Press. Write tor our complete second
hand list. Buy used machinery and save
money.

THE BANTING MFG. 00.

E979 Dori- St... Toledo. Ohio

 

 

 

 

 

WANT TO SELL POULTRY 1’
AN AD IN 1‘1. B. F. WILL DO IT

 

BRAND

able garden, for they are thoroughbred stock—the result of 44
years of development and selection. Send today, for Isbell’s 1923
Seed Annual. giving valuable information on quality seeds and quoting direct-

731 Mechanic St. (41) IacksonJﬂleh.

 

 

 

.SAL

Canadian blood.

30 Registered Duroc Jersey Bred Sows
and Gilts; 43 Registered Shropshire Ewes, at

Fair Grounds, Hillsdale, Mich.
Wednesday, Feb. 21, 1923, at 12.30 P. M.

The only chance to buy sows bred to 1922 Grand champion at Mich]
Thls offering it sOWs ls intensely Orion cherry King bred, and ewesg‘lgclfdgtelnglmmod and

A rare opportunity for Boys and Girls Clubs. Don't delay. Send for catalog and plan to “tend.

'j CLYDE GODFREY, Jonesville, Mich.

COLS. F. W. BUSCHE, J. D. POST. F. E. HAYNES, AUCT|0NEERS

 

 

 

 

HEREFORDS

PRODUCE YOUR OWN
RS UNDER

Einiiﬁiiiia HEREFORD
BEEF PLAN

which guarantees maximum
prices. Investigate personally
the success of other Michigan
Farmers. For further informa-
tion “rite g \

l

T. F. B. SOTHAM & SON

 

 

 

 

 

 

(Herefords since 1839) St. Clair. Mich.
E  —FOR SALE
 H R liiills, nlso
few females. WM. C. DICKEN, Smyrna, Mich.
AYRSHIRES
M ,,.,,,,M, ,.
FOR SALE—REGISTERED AYRSHIRE
bulls and bill} calves, heifers aiiil heifer new“.
i m -i i ' cows.
A‘ltj-‘ii'i‘i'biidvcesnosu R 5, Vassar. Mich.
SW IN E  ‘)
I .. ("4

 

~ DUROCS

  61n- ncw hie“! boar.

Sired _ “Marci”

Reserve grand» champion National .Swme Show

1922. We are taking orders for exits and sows

forspring {arrow bred to this wonilcrtul'hoar.
SCHAFFER BROS.. Route 4, Oxford, Mich.

H   offers choice weanling

 Duroc , pigs. either

i’ iced ver reasonable. Write us.
.691 r INWO D BROS.. Romeo, Mich.

HILL chssr ounces, PERRIINTOIJE MiciliLa
br wen sows am 013 een g1

3% '55:: of GREAT ORION SENSATION, Year-
NEWTON a. BLANK

Middieion,’

miles straight. south of

CHESTER \VIIITES

ensesows AND FALL GILT8_ FOR SALE

some tell its. Pedigrees furnished.
ﬂown souls. Route No. 1, Reese, Mich.

 

 

 

 

 

 0.1.0.
REGISTERED o. i. c. BRED GILTS WED;
few fall ‘

 

 

 

 

 

 

sale. \Vciuliing 250 lbs. - ‘
J. n. VAN ETTEN, Clifford, will?
BERKSHI RES
BEM'ILLERS BIGGER, BETT
Auction at. \Vilktll‘llsu, Ind.  TERT‘DS‘FJRE:
bred sows, writ/c for cats. “€119... ' V" '
l. BEMILLER, Elkhart, Ind.
HAllIl’SHIRES

A CHANCE TO GET SOME REAL HAMP:

Shires. Boar pigs sired by (‘eii l’ershin ‘

I 1 f . ., . . g A am
G)ilt lodge‘ Fipton, Messenger All Over 10th. gen:
Ierslllug Jolt, and other great boars. Writes for
list and prices. DETROIT HOG

(IlililAMlCliY

FARM, Route 7, Mt. Clemens, Mich.

 

HAMPSHIRES—SPRING BOARS AND BRED

gilLs from 25 sows to select from Place our
order now or you mav be to late. liltlib y

_ , . year.
J HN W. SNYDER, R. 4. St. Johns. Mich.

 

HAMP8HIRE BRED GILTS $20—$25 8 8d
sows $30—$50. Guarantee safe 1.1" ' I  ‘
tered free. 0. F. Luckhard. Bach,p [High R8518

STIEEP

800 BRED EWES FOR SALE

in_lots of 50 or more, black faced, from 1 to 4
yrs. old; no broken months, in good condition
bred to Shro shire and Oxford rams to lamb May
 Leger}? biz mute; S. Vg.Dof Detroit on De-

ian ooeccan "l' -
egraph address, ckwood. um hghway' Tel

ALMOND B. 9HAPMAN, So. Rockwood, Mich.

50 HEAD REGISTERED, BRED SHROPSH‘IRE
gwefiéhlsgge.iyvell cotyﬁred. 111 a; 4 years. In 'ﬂne '
ea ree(l con ion. no estain h

d. LEM¥N a. sous, Dexter, lislgﬁ‘}89o'

SH OPSHIBES—“P .REG'STERED ism-E.
[lulu BROOHERthEOﬁI‘l't. will” 4,3‘5‘ﬁ2m

KEEP THE MICHIGAN BUSINESS
FARMER COMING. SEE PAOE 25.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
 


 



..

 

 

 

 

 

 

Model
No. I I
Capacity
500 litres
(1135 lbs.)
of milk per
hour.

' Free

V of mill: per
_ T . l ‘ hour

Your choice of any of these three models. NO MONEY
DOWN—FREE TRIAL—SMALL MONTHLY PAY-
MENTS—DUTY FREE. This wonderful Belgium
Melotte Separator has been picked by a jury of thous-
ands of farmers—picked by dairy experts throughout
the world to be the “king” of all separators ever manu-
factured. It has broken all records for/Efﬁciency of
Skimming, Ease of Turning, Convenience of Operation
and Durability. Send coupon below for Big Free Book.

' mnnnnnnnmnnmnnnnnnmmmmnpnﬂmnnmnnng

“Imlvivlllllltl

 

The Melotte Separator, H. B. Babson, U. s. Mgr.
2843 West 19th Street, Dept. 9302, Chicago. Ill.
2445 Prince Street, Berkeley, Calif.

Without cost to me or obligation in any way, please send
me the Melotte catalog which tells the full story of this

wonderful separator and M. Jules Melotte, its inventor and
hundreds of letters from American farmers.

 

 

 

Name ;
. ‘ \ V :
Address * Co. 
Post Oﬂ‘ice' State ________ __ w

in . ,. £1

 

 

 

 

 

\ Self Balancing Bowl ‘  "

The Belgium Melotte is the only single-bearing-bowl separator ever made. This patent
Bowl hangs from one frictionless ball bearing and spins like a top. It is selﬁbalancing. It
skims as perfectly after 15 years of use as when new. Positively cannot ever get out of bal-
ance—cannot vibrate and thus cause cross currents which waste cream by remixing with
milk. Send coupon below today. Get the Free Book that tells about this great Melotte.

  
 

We will send an imported Belgium Melotte Cream
Separator direct to your farm on 30 dayS’ abso-
lutely Free Trial. ‘ Use it just as if it were your own
machine. Put it to every possible test. Compare it
with any or all others. The Melotte is easy to keep
clean and sanitary because it has only one-half the
tinware of other separators. Turns so easily that
bowl spins 25 minutes after you stop cranking un-
less brake is applied. No other separator has or
needs a brake. After you have tried it for 30 days
and you know it is the separator you want to buy, pay
$7.50 down and balance in small monthly payments.

Model
No. 7
Capacity
325 litres
( 7 40 lbs.)

  Write

Mail coupon for catalogue giving full descrip-
tion of this wonderful “cream separator. Don’t
buy any separator until you have found out

out all youican about the Melotte and details],

of our 15-year guarantee. Don’t wait——- b
sure to mail coupon TODAY! ‘

‘.

.. MELOTTE SEPARATOR, :5: mm

2843 West 19th Street. Dept. 9302

Chicago. Ill.
. . 2445 Prince Street. Berkeley, Calif“.

 

owgw'-‘ ﬁn.-

 

 

 

 

Model
No. 6
Capacity
275 litres
(625 lbs.)
of milk
per hour

¢‘.

 

".1
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