F01 2 ^ the_ATI *'_*' ladders_NNS of_IN the_ATI mind_NN **'_**' are_BER F01 2 the_ATI clues_NNS which_WDTR we_PP1AS use_VB to_TO F01 3 track_VB down_RP items_NNS of_IN knowledge_NN which_WDTR can_MD F01 3 not_XNOT be_BE immediately_RB remembered_VBN ._. F01 4 ^ the_ATI *'_*' organisation_NN **'_**' and_CC the_ATI *'_*' F01 4 shelves_NNS **'_**' will_MD form_VB important_JJ topics_NNS F01 5 in_IN our_PP$ later_JJR discussion_NN ._. ^ the_ATI work_NN that_WPR F01 5 goes_VBZ on_RP at_IN the_ATI bench_NN must_MD also_RB F01 6 be_BE considered_VBN ._. ^ for_CS here_RN the_ATI items_NNS which_WDTR F01 6 go_VB into_IN the_ATI store_NN may_MD be_BE F01 7 taken_VBN to_IN pieces_NNS and_CC reassembled_VBN ,_, and_CC a_AT F01 7 sketch_NN may_MD be_BE made_VBN of_IN their_PP$ F01 8 internal_JJ construction_NN ._. ^ both_ABX the_ATI item_NN and_CC F01 8 the_ATI sketch_NN can_MD then_RN go_VB into_IN F01 9 the_ATI store_NN ._. ^ in_IN the_ATI mind_NN it_PP3 is_BEZ the_ATI F01 9 stored_JJ items_NNS which_WDTR constitute_VB our_PP$ F01 10 memory_NN and_CC it_PP3 is_BEZ the_ATI stored_JJ sketches_NNS which_WDTR F01 10 constitute_VB our_PP$ F01 11 understanding_NN ._. ^ thus_RB reading_VBG for_IN understanding_VBG F01 11 means_VBZ taking_VBG F01 12 items_NNS of_IN knowledge_NN to_IN pieces_NNS as_CS we_PP1AS read_VB F01 12 them_PP3OS and_CC seeing_VBG how_WRB the_ATI pieces_NNS F01 13 are_BER connected_VBN ._. F01 14 ^ a_AT book_NN is_BEZ arranged_VBN to_TO start_VB at_IN the_ATI F01 14 beginning_NN of_IN the_ATI first_OD chapter_NN F01 15 and_CC to_TO finish_VB at_IN the_ATI end_NN of_IN the_ATI last_AP F01 15 chapter_NN ._. ^ this_DT seems_VBZ natural_JJ F01 16 enough_QLP but_CC in_IN fact_NN it_PP3 is_BEZ purely_RB an_AT F01 16 arrangement_NN to_TO suit_VB authors_NNS ,_, F01 17 printers_NNS and_CC booksellers_NNS ._. ^ it_PP3 does_DOZ not_XNOT F01 17 at_IN all_ABN correspond_VB to_IN the_ATI needs_NNS F01 18 of_IN the_ATI reader's_NN$ mind_NN ._. ^ for_CS a_AT piece_NN of_IN F01 18 understood_JJ knowledge_NN is_BEZ not_XNOT F01 19 a_AT mere_JJB succession_NN of_IN ideas_NNS ._. ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ a_AT F01 19 pattern_NN of_IN connected_JJ ideas_NNS ._. ^ some_DTI F01 20 of_IN the_ATI ideas_NNS in_IN a_AT book_NN ,_, though_CS connected_VBN F01 20 ,_, may_MD occur_VB on_IN pages_NNS which_WDTR are_BER F01 21 widely_RB separated_VBN ._. ^ if_CS books_NNS were_BED designed_VBN F01 21 to_TO meet_VB the_ATI needs_NNS of_IN the_ATI F01 22 reader_NN they_PP3AS would_MD be_BE printed_VBN on_IN one_CD1 side_NN F01 22 of_IN the_ATI paper_NN only_RB and_CC not_XNOT F01 23 bound_VBN ._. ^ they_PP3AS would_MD be_BE loose-leaf_JJB books_NNS ._. ^ F01 23 and_CC the_ATI reader_NN should_MD have_HV a_AT F01 24 large_JJ table_NN on_IN which_WDTR he_PP3A could_MD spread_VB out_RP F01 24 the_ATI leaves_NNS and_CC see_VB the_ATI F01 25 connections_NNS of_IN meaning_NN ._. ^ of_RB course_RB" there_EX F01 25 are_BER many_AP practical_JJ objections_NNS F01 26 to_IN such_ABL a_AT method_NN of_IN printing_NN but_CC we_PP1AS must_MD F01 26 ask_VB how_WRB can_MD the_ATI reader_NN F01 27 overcome_VB the_ATI handicaps_NNS which_WDTR the_ATI present_JJ F01 27 design_NN of_IN books_NNS imposes_VBZ on_IN F01 28 him_PP3O ?_? F01 29 ^ this_DT leads_VBZ us_PP1OS to_TO consider_VB the_ATI reader's_NN$ F01 29 job_NN ._. ^ my_PP$ main_JJB object_NN in_IN F01 30 this_DT book_NN is_BEZ to_TO show_VB the_ATI solitary_JJ student_NN F01 30 what_WDT his_PP$ job_NN is_BEZ ._. ^ for_CS in_TO F01 31 order_TO" to_TO" become_VB an_AT effective_JJ reader_NN you_PP2 have_HV F01 31 to_TO learn_VB how_WRB to_TO learn_VB ,_, to_TO F01 32 learn_VB how_WRB to_TO remember_VB and_CC to_TO learn_VB how_WRB to_TO F01 32 know_VB ._. ^ this_DT is_BEZ not_XNOT a_AT passive_JJ F01 33 process_NN but_CC a_AT real_JJ job_NN of_IN work_NN ._. ^ for_IN F01 33 the_ATI serious_JJ student_NN it_PP3 can_MD be_BE a_AT F01 34 very_QL satisfying_JJ job_NN and_CC can_MD take_VB him_PP3O a_AT F01 34 long_JJ way_NN in_IN navigating_VBG the_ATI seas_NNS F01 35 of_IN knowledge_NN ._. F01 36 ^ to_IN each_DT of_IN these_DTS three_CD processes_NNS ,_, F01 36 learning_VBG ,_, remembering_VBG ,_, and_CC F01 37 knowing_VBG ,_, there_EX are_BER four_CD possible_JJ approaches_NNS ._. F01 37 ^ these_DTS are_BER :_: F01 38 (_( 1_CD1 )_) the_ATI philosopher's_NN$ approach_NN F01 39 (_( 2_CD )_) the_ATI psychologist's_NN$ approach_NN F01 40 (_( 3_CD )_) the_ATI teacher's_NN$ approach_NN F01 41 (_( 4_CD )_) the_ATI learner's_NN$ approach_NN F01 42 ._. ^ the_ATI solitary_JJ learner_NN should_MD aim_VB at_IN F01 42 mastering_VBG all_ABN four_CD approaches_NNS ._. F01 43 ^ he_PP3A must_MD be_BE his_PP$ own_AP philosopher_NN ,_, his_PP$ F01 43 own_AP psychologist_NN and_CC his_PP$ own_AP F01 44 teacher_NN ._. F01 45 ^ as_IN a_AT philosopher_NN he_PP3A will_MD want_VB to_TO know_VB F01 45 the_ATI meanings_NNS of_IN these_DTS F01 46 important_JJ words_NNS learning_NC ,_, remembering_NC and_CC knowing_NC F01 46 ,_, or_CC rather_RB F01 47 to_TO decide_VB what_WDT meanings_NNS they_PP3AS are_BER to_TO have_HV F01 47 for_IN him_PP3O ._. ^ for_CS they_PP3AS have_HV many_AP F01 48 meanings_NNS ._. ^ he_PP3A needs_VBZ to_TO clarify_VB them_PP3OS ,_, F01 48 to_TO see_VB their_PP$ relations_NNS one_CD1 to_IN F01 49 another_DT and_CC also_RB to_IN his_PP$ objective_NN ._. F01 50 ^ as_IN a_AT psychologist_NN he_PP3A needs_VBZ to_TO observe_VB F01 50 himself_PPL at_IN work_NN (_( and_CC others_APS F01 51 too_RB if_CS possible_JJ )_) and_CC to_TO find_VB out_RP what_WDT F01 51 sort_NN of_IN processes_NNS are_BER going_VBG on_RP F01 52 when_WRB he_PP3A is_BEZ coming_VBG to_IN grips_NNS with_IN new_JJ F01 52 knowledge_NN ._. ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ a_AT very_QL variable_JJ F01 53 process_NN and_CC he_PP3A needs_VBZ to_TO grasp_VB the_ATI nature_NN F01 53 of_IN the_ATI variables_NNS which_WDTR F01 54 control_VB his_PP$ efficiency_NN as_IN a_AT learner_NN ._. ^ he_PP3A F01 54 may_MD discover_VB that_DT many_AP of_IN his_PP$ F01 55 assumptions_NNS and_CC preconceptions_NNS about_IN the_ATI nature_NN F01 55 of_IN learning_VBG are_BER F01 56 unsound_JJ ._. ^ he_PP3A must_MD become_VB a_AT critic_NN of_IN his_PP$ F01 56 own_AP methods_NNS and_CC an_AT F01 57 experimenter_NN in_IN the_ATI discovery_NN of_IN better_JJR methods_NNS F01 57 ._. ^ he_PP3A can_MD not_XNOT expect_VB the_ATI F01 58 professional_JJ psychologist_NN to_TO tell_VB him_PP3O what_WDT is_BEZ F01 58 best_JJT for_IN him_PP3O because_CS F01 59 every_AT individual_NN is_BEZ different_JJ ._. ^ the_ATI F01 59 psychologist_NN can_MD tell_VB him_PP3O what_WDT the_ATI F01 60 variables_NNS are_BER but_CC not_XNOT how_WRB they_PP3AS combine_VB F01 60 in_IN his_PP$ particular_JJ case_NN ._. F01 61 ^ as_IN a_AT teacher_NN he_PP3A is_BEZ ,_, of_RB course_RB" ,_, F01 61 in_IN an_AT anomalous_JJ position_NN ._. ^ the_ATI F01 62 ordinary_JJ teacher_NN is_BEZ teaching_VBG what_WDT he_PP3A knows_VBZ F01 62 ._. ^ the_ATI self-teacher_NN would_MD F01 63 seem_VB to_TO be_BE a_AT contradiction_NN ._. ^ but_CC the_ATI F01 63 contradiction_NN is_BEZ more_QL apparent_JJ F01 64 than_CS real_JJ ._. ^ it_PP3 rests_VBZ on_IN the_ATI mistaken_JJ F01 64 notion_NN that_CS the_ATI teacher_NN has_HVZ F01 65 something_PN which_WDTR he_PP3A is_BEZ passing_VBG on_RP to_IN the_ATI F01 65 learner_NN ._. ^ this_DT is_BEZ only_RB F01 66 superficially_RB true_JJ ._. ^ the_ATI learner_NN is_BEZ not_XNOT a_AT F01 66 passive_JJ recipient_NN ._. ^ he_PP3A F01 67 already_RB has_HVZ a_AT certain_JJ store_NN of_IN knowledge_NN and_CC F01 67 a_AT certain_JJ vocabulary_NN ._. F01 68 ^ the_ATI job_NN of_IN the_ATI teacher_NN is_BEZ to_TO set_VB the_ATI F01 68 learner's_NN$ vocabulary_NN to_IN work_NN on_IN F01 69 the_ATI existing_JJ store_NN so_TO as_TO" to_TO" make_VB it_PP3 grow_VB F01 69 ._. ^ he_PP3A does_DOZ not_XNOT simply_RB pack_VB new_JJ F01 70 things_NNS into_IN the_ATI store_NN ._. ^ the_ATI solitary_JJ F01 70 learner_NN has_HVZ to_TO find_VB out_RP how_WRB to_TO do_DO F01 71 this_DT for_IN himself_PPL ,_, with_IN the_ATI help_NN of_IN books_NNS F01 71 ._. ^ he_PP3A uses_VBZ his_PP$ vocabulary_NN to_TO F01 72 ask_VB questions_NNS and_CC uses_VBZ the_ATI books_NNS to_TO find_VB F01 72 the_ATI answers_NNS ._. F01 73 ^ thus_RB learning_VBG how_WRB to_TO learn_VB means_VBZ becoming_VBG F01 73 your_PP$ own_AP philosopher_NN ,_, F01 74 your_PP$ own_AP psychologist_NN and_CC your_PP$ own_AP teacher_NN ._. ^ F01 74 you_PP2 will_MD then_RN be_BE a_AT F01 75 well-established_JJ learner_NN and_CC the_ATI world_NN will_MD be_BE F01 75 at_IN your_PP$ feet_NNS ._. F01 76 ^ one_CD1 ._. F01 77 ^ the_ATI mind_NN ._. F01 78 ^ although_CS the_ATI word_NN *'_*' mind_NC **'_**' has_HVZ F01 78 given_VBN rise_NN to_IN endless_JJ F01 79 controversy_NN among_IN philosophers_NNS and_CC psychologists_NNS ,_, F01 79 many_AP of_IN whom_WPOR would_MD F01 80 like_VB to_TO abolish_VB it_PP3 from_IN the_ATI dictionary_NN ,_, F01 80 most_AP of_IN us_PP1OS obstinately_RB go_VB on_RP F01 81 using_VBG it_PP3 ._. ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ short_JJ and_CC familiar_JJ and_CC F01 81 its_PP$ many_AP meanings_NNS can_MD be_BE F01 82 otherwise_RB expressed_VBN only_RB by_IN cumbersome_JJ and_CC F01 82 abstract_JJ terms_NNS which_WDTR then_RN F01 83 introduce_VB new_JJ difficulties_NNS ._. ^ but_CC it_PP3 is_BEZ F01 83 advisable_JJ ,_, in_IN any_DTI particular_JJ F01 84 context_NN ,_, to_TO narrow_VB down_RP its_PP$ meaning_NN so_TO as_TO" F01 84 to_TO" avoid_VB confusion_NN ._. F01 85 ^ *'_*' mind_NC **'_**' has_HVZ often_RB been_BEN contrasted_VBN F01 85 with_IN *'_*' matter_NC **'_**' in_IN such_ABL a_AT F01 86 way_NN as_CS to_TO suggest_VB that_CS the_ATI two_CD are_BER somehow_RB F01 86 opposed_VBN and_CC incompatible_JJ ._. F01 87 ^ and_CC then_RN you_PP2 get_VB a_AT knock_NN on_IN the_ATI head_NN F01 87 and_CC all_ABN evidence_NN of_IN *'_*' mind_NN F01 88 **'_**' vanishes_VBZ ,_, at_IN any_DTI rate_NN for_IN some_DTI time_NN F01 88 ._. ^ it_PP3 seems_VBZ very_QL difficult_JJ to_TO F01 89 detach_VB the_ATI mind_NN from_IN the_ATI brain_NN ,_, and_CC all_ABN F01 89 the_ATI biological_JJ ,_, surgical_JJ and_CC F01 90 pharmacological_JJ evidence_NN points_VBZ to_IN a_AT very_QL close_JJ F01 90 connection_NN ._. ^ there_EX is_BEZ F01 91 a_AT lot_NN to_TO be_BE said_VBN for_IN keeping_VBG the_ATI word_NN F01 91 *'_*' soul_NC **'_**' to_TO stand_VB for_IN what_WDT many_AP F01 92 believe_VB to_TO be_BE the_ATI imperishable_JJ essence_NN of_IN a_AT F01 92 man_NN which_WDTR is_BEZ supposed_VBN to_TO F01 93 persist_VB apart_IN from_IN" the_ATI body_NN ,_, and_CC to_TO F01 93 reserve_VB the_ATI more_QL prosaic_JJ word_NN F01 94 *'_*' mind_NC **'_**' for_IN the_ATI basis_NN of_IN all_ABN those_DTS F01 94 experiences_NNS and_CC phenomena_NNS which_WDTR F01 95 are_BER clearly_RB associated_VBN with_IN the_ATI brain_NN ._. F01 96 ^ can_MD we_PP1AS now_RN put_VB forward_RB any_DTI reasonably_RB F01 96 clear_JJ picture_NN of_IN this_DT F01 97 *'_*' basis_NN **'_**' of_IN mental_JJ phenomena_NNS ?_? ^ the_ATI F01 97 physicists_NNS have_HV succeeded_VBN F01 98 remarkably_RB well_RB ,_, with_IN the_ATI atomic_JJ theory_NN ,_, in_IN F01 98 giving_VBG a_AT clear_JJ and_CC F01 99 detailed_JJ picture_NN of_IN the_ATI basis_NN of_IN such_ABL F01 99 material_JJ phenomena_NNS as_IN chemical_JJ F01 100 action_NN ,_, magnetism_NN ,_, the_ATI behaviour_NN of_IN gases_NNS F01 100 and_RB so_RB" on_RB" ._. ^ where_WRB has_HVZ F01 101 psychology_NN got_VBN to_IN in_IN its_PP$ theories_NNS of_IN *'_*' F01 101 mind_NN **'_**' ?_? ^ are_BER there_EX any_DTI F01 102 ultimate_JJ units_NNS of_IN mind_NN akin_JJ to_IN the_ATI atoms_NNS F01 102 of_IN matter_NN ?_? F01 103 ^ at_IN one_CD1 time_NN it_PP3 was_BEDZ thought_VBN that_CS mind_NN F01 103 could_MD indeed_RB be_BE analysed_VBN F01 104 into_IN discrete_JJ bits_NNS ._. ^ these_DTS bits_NNS were_BED F01 104 identified_VBN as_IN elementary_JJ F01 105 sensations_NNS ._. ^ these_DTS were_BED thought_VBN to_TO combine_VB F01 105 together_RB to_TO form_VB compound_JJ F01 106 experiences_NNS by_IN analogy_NN with_IN the_ATI way_NN atoms_NNS of_IN F01 106 matter_NN combine_VB to_TO form_VB F01 107 molecular_JJ compounds_NNS ._. ^ but_CC this_DT view_NN led_VBD to_IN F01 107 too_QL many_AP difficulties_NNS and_CC F01 108 was_BEDZ finally_RB abandoned_VBN ._. ^ nevertheless_RB the_ATI F01 108 search_NN for_IN basic_JJ units_NNS of_IN F01 109 mind_NN has_HVZ gone_VBN on_RP and_CC will_MD doubtless_RB continue_VB F01 109 ,_, for_CS it_PP3 is_BEZ the_ATI aim_NN of_IN F01 110 science_NN to_TO discover_VB ultimate_JJ units_NNS ._. ^ we_PP1AS F01 110 must_MD beware_VB ,_, however_RB ,_, of_IN F01 111 supposing_VBG that_CS there_EX must_MD be_BE any_DTI close_JJ F01 111 analogy_NN between_IN the_ATI units_NNS of_IN F01 112 quite_RB different_JJ sciences_NNS ._. ^ for_IN example_NN the_ATI F01 112 success_NN of_IN the_ATI atomic_JJ F01 113 theory_NN in_IN physics_NN might_MD lead_VB us_PP1OS to_TO suppose_VB F01 113 that_CS the_ATI ultimate_JJ units_NNS of_IN F01 114 geometry_NN must_MD be_BE points_NNS ._. ^ it_PP3 would_MD be_BE F01 114 more_QL correct_JJ to_TO regard_VB F01 115 operations_NNS as_IN the_ATI ultimate_JJ units_NNS of_IN geometry_NN F01 115 ._. F01 116 ^ there_EX have_HV been_BEN many_AP conflicting_JJ tendencies_NNS F01 116 in_IN psychology_NN in_IN its_PP$ F01 117 search_NN for_IN ultimate_JJ units_NNS and_CC here_RN we_PP1AS can_MD F01 117 only_RB indicate_VB what_WDT seems_VBZ to_TO F01 118 be_BE the_ATI most_QL promising_JJ concept_NN which_WDTR is_BEZ F01 118 current_JJ today_NR ._. ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ known_VBN as_IN F01 119 the_ATI schema_NN ._. ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ not_XNOT an_AT easy_JJ concept_NN F01 119 and_CC if_CS I_PP1A try_VB to_TO make_VB it_PP3 F01 120 concrete_NN it_PP3 will_MD be_BE at_IN the_ATI cost_NN of_IN F01 120 over-simplification_NN but_CC even_RB so_RB it_PP3 F01 121 may_MD be_BE better_JJR than_IN a_AT meaningless_JJ abstraction_NN ._. ^ F01 121 the_ATI following_JJ F01 122 conversation_NN between_IN Hamlet_NP and_CC Polonius_NP shows_VBZ F01 122 that_CS Shakespeare_NP had_HVD at_IN F01 123 any_DTI rate_NN an_AT intuitive_JJ grasp_NN of_IN the_ATI notion_NN :_: F01 124 *"_*' F01 125 ^ Hamlet_NP :_: ^ do_DO you_PP2 see_VB yonder_JJB cloud_NN that_WPR F01 125 's_BEZ almost_RB in_IN shape_NN of_IN a_AT F01 126 camel_NN ?_? F01 127 ^ Polonius_NP :_: ^ by_IN the_ATI mass_NN ,_, and_CC 't_PP3 is_BEZ F01 127 like_IN a_AT camel_NN ,_, indeed_RB ._. F01 128 ^ Hamlet_NP :_: ^ methinks_RB ,_, it_PP3 is_BEZ like_IN a_AT F01 128 weasel_NN ._. F01 129 ^ Polonius_NP :_: ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ backed_JJ like_IN a_AT weasel_NN F01 129 ._. F01 130 ^ Hamlet_NP :_: ^ or_CC like_IN a_AT whale_NN ?_? F01 131 ^ Polonius_NP :_: ^ very_QL like_IN a_AT whale_NN ._. F01 132 **"_**' F01 133 ^ now_RN the_ATI whale_NN ,_, the_ATI camel_NN \0etc_RB ,_, were_BED F01 133 not_XNOT in_IN the_ATI sky_NN ._. ^ the_ATI clouds_NNS F01 134 are_BER mere_JJB aggregates_NNS of_IN water-drops_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI F01 134 whale_NN ,_, \0etc_RB ,_, were_BED in_IN the_ATI F01 135 minds_NNS of_IN Hamlet_NP and_CC Polonius_NP ._. ^ but_CC they_PP3AS F01 135 could_MD both_ABX see_VB the_ATI cloud_NN ._. F01 136 ^ thus_RB an_AT image_NN of_IN the_ATI cloud_NN was_BEDZ also_RB in_IN F01 136 their_PP$ minds_NNS ._. ^ moreover_RB they_PP3AS F01 137 knew_VBD it_PP3 to_TO be_BE a_AT cloud_NN ._. ^ yet_RB they_PP3AS F01 137 could_MD *'_*' see_VB **'_**' animals_NNS in_IN it_PP3 ._. ^ this_DT F01 138 is_BEZ the_ATI important_JJ fact_NN about_IN mental_JJ phenomena_NNS F01 138 ._. ^ the_ATI physical_JJ cloud_NN in_IN F01 139 the_ATI sky_NN is_BEZ just_RB itself_PPL ,_, made_VBN of_IN F01 139 water-drops_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI mental_JJ cloud_NN is_BEZ a_AT F01 140 multiplicity_NN ._. ^ to_TO begin_VB with_RI it_PP3 is_BEZ a_AT F01 140 pattern_NN of_IN brain-processes_NNS ,_, just_RB F01 141 as_QL physical_JJ as_IN the_ATI water-drops_NNS ._. ^ but_CC it_PP3 F01 141 is_BEZ experienced_VBN (_( 1_CD1 )_) as_IN a_AT F01 142 cloud_NN ,_, (_( 2_CD )_) as_IN a_AT whale_NN ,_, (_( 3_CD )_) as_IN F01 142 a_AT camel_NN and_RB so_RB" on_RB" ._. ^ we_PP1AS can_MD not_XNOT F01 143 dismiss_VB these_DTS as_IN *'_*' illusions_NNS **'_**' for_CS it_PP3 F01 143 is_BEZ just_RB the_ATI occurrence_NN of_IN such_ABL F01 144 illusions_NNS that_WPR we_PP1AS seek_VB to_TO explain_VB *-_*- F01 144 besides_RI why_WRB is_BEZ it_PP3 illusory_JJ to_TO see_VB F01 145 the_ATI thing_NN as_IN a_AT whale_NN but_CC not_XNOT illusory_JJ to_TO F01 145 see_VB it_PP3 as_IN a_AT cloud_NN ?_? ^ and_CC how_WRB F01 146 did_DOD Hamlet_NP know_VB it_PP3 was_BEDZ *'_*' really_RB **'_**' a_AT F01 146 cloud_NN ?_? F01 147 ^ for_IN the_ATI moment_NN we_PP1AS need_MD not_XNOT concern_VB F01 147 ourselves_PPLS with_IN these_DTS last_AP F01 148 questions_NNS ._. ^ what_WDT we_PP1AS have_HV to_TO grasp_VB is_BEZ F01 148 that_CS there_EX are_BER patterns_NNS of_IN F01 149 brain-activity_NN of_IN different_JJ kinds_NNS ._. ^ there_EX are_BER F01 149 patterns_NNS which_WDTR result_VB F01 150 directly_RB from_IN processes_NNS such_IN as_IN" seeing_VBG ,_, F01 150 hearing_VBG ,_, \0etc_RB ,_, \0e.g_RB F01 151 that_DT which_WDTR is_BEZ experienced_VBN as_IN the_ATI shape_NN of_IN F01 151 the_ATI cloud_NN (_( but_CC not_XNOT yet_RB F01 152 identified_VBN as_IN such_ABL )_) ._. ^ and_CC there_EX are_BER F01 152 patterns_NNS which_WDTR result_VB in_IN F01 153 interpretations_NNS such_IN as_IN" *'_*' cloud_NN **'_**' ,_, *'_*' F01 153 whale_NN **'_**' ,_, *'_*' camel_NN **'_**' ,_, \0etc_RB F01 154 ._. ^ the_ATI image_NN is_BEZ fairly_RB steady_JJ and_CC durable_JJ ._. F01 154 ^ the_ATI interpretations_NNS can_MD F01 155 shift_VB very_QL rapidly_RB ._. ^ these_DTS interpretations_NNS are_BER F01 155 called_VBN *'_*' schemas_NNS **'_**' (_( or_CC F01 156 more_QL pedantically_RB *'_*' schemata_NNS **'_**' )_) ._. F01 157 ^ at_IN one_CD1 time_NN *'_*' mind_VB **'_**' used_VBD to_TO be_BE F01 157 identified_VBN with_IN F01 158 *'_*' consciousness_NN **'_**' ._. ^ but_CC *'_*' consciousness_NC F01 158 **'_**' simply_RB refers_VBZ to_IN the_ATI F01 159 stream_NN of_IN changing_VBG experiences_NNS ._. ^ it_PP3 will_MD F01 159 simplify_VB our_PP$ explanations_NNS if_CS F01 160 we_PP1AS regard_VB consciousness_NN as_IN a_AT property_NN of_IN F01 160 mind_NN rather_RB than_CS as_IN mind_NN F01 161 itself_PPL ._. ^ if_CS we_PP1AS define_VB *'_*' mind_NN **'_**' as_IN F01 161 the_ATI totality_NN of_IN schemas_NNS in_IN a_AT single_JJ F01 162 brain_NN and_CC regard_VB *'_*' consciousness_NN **'_**' as_IN a_AT F01 162 certain_JJ transitory_JJ state_NN F01 163 which_WDTR any_DTI schema_NN ,_, or_CC group_NN of_IN schemas_NNS ,_, F01 163 can_MD assume_VB ,_, we_PP1AS can_MD give_VB a_AT more_QL F01 164 consistent_JJ account_NN of_IN our_PP$ experiences_NNS and_CC F01 164 interpretations_NNS ._. F01 165 ^ before_IN going_VBG further_RBR we_PP1AS should_MD try_VB to_TO F01 165 face_VB what_WDT is_BEZ an_AT almost_RB F01 166 inevitable_JJ difficulty_NN for_IN anyone_PN approaching_VBG the_ATI F01 166 study_NN of_IN mind_NN for_IN the_ATI F01 167 first_OD time_NN ._. ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ the_ATI tendency_NN to_TO get_VB F01 167 things_NNS the_ATI wrong_JJ way_NN round_RP ._. ^ as_IN F01 168 a_AT psychologist_NN I_PP1A am_BEM constantly_RB encountering_VBG F01 168 this_DT tendency_NN in_IN friends_NNS F01 169 and_CC acquaintances_NNS ._. ^ they_PP3AS think_VB there_EX is_BEZ F01 169 something_PN inevitably_RB F01 170 *'_*' queer_JJ **'_**' about_IN psychology_NN and_CC this_DT feeling_NN F01 170 of_IN queerness_NN usually_RB F01 171 boils_VBZ down_RP to_IN a_AT quite_RB mistaken_JJ belief_NN that_CS F01 171 the_ATI psychologist_NN first_RB F01 172 looks_VBZ into_IN his_PP$ own_AP mind_NN and_CC then_RN interprets_VBZ F01 172 other_AP people's_NNS$ minds_NNS by_IN F01 173 what_WDT he_PP3A has_HVZ found_VBN in_IN his_PP$ own_AP ._. ^ this_DT F01 173 is_BEZ what_WDT I_PP1A mean_VB by_IN *'_*' getting_VBG things_NNS F01 174 the_ATI wrong_JJ way_NN round_RP **'_**' ._. ^ he_PP3A is_BEZ far_RB F01 174 more_QL likely_JJ to_TO find_VB out_RP about_IN how_WRB F01 175 his_PP$ own_AP mind_NN works_VBZ by_IN looking_VBG at_IN other_AP F01 175 people's_NNS$ ._. ^ for_CS although_CS looking_VBG F01 176 inwards_RB (_( or_CC *'_*' introspecting_VBG **'_**' as_CS it_PP3 F01 176 is_BEZ called_VBN )_) ,_, is_BEZ not_XNOT entirely_RB ruled_VBN F01 177 out_RP ,_, nowadays_RB most_AP psychologists_NNS would_MD agree_VB F01 177 that_CS it_PP3 is_BEZ one_CD1 of_IN the_ATI F01 178 most_QL unreliable_JJ methods_NNS of_IN getting_VBG any_DTI precise_JJ F01 178 information_NN ._. ^ and_CC so_RB F01 179 they_PP3AS prefer_VB objective_JJ methods_NNS ._. ^ since_CS they_PP3AS F01 179 can_MD not_XNOT directly_RB look_VB into_IN F01 180 the_ATI mental_JJ processes_NNS of_IN another_DT person_NN they_PP3AS F01 180 observe_VB his_PP$ visible_JJ F01 181 behaviour_NN and_CC then_RN try_VB to_TO give_VB theoretical_JJ F01 181 interpretations_NNS of_IN what_WDT F01 182 lies_VBZ behind_IN this_DT behaviour_NN ._. ^ this_DT is_BEZ no_RB F01 182 more_QL queer_JJ than_IN the_ATI method_NN of_IN F01 183 the_ATI doctor_NN who_WPR observes_VBZ signs_NNS ,_, and_CC records_VBZ F01 183 symptoms_NNS ,_, and_CC diagnoses_VBZ the_ATI F01 184 inner_JJB states_NNS responsible_JJ for_IN them_PP3OS ._. ^ he_PP3A F01 184 may_MD never_RB have_HV had_HVN the_ATI disease_NN F01 185 himself_PPL but_CC he_PP3A can_MD nevertheless_RB identify_VB it_PP3 F01 185 ._. ^ similarly_RB the_ATI F01 186 psychologist_NN has_HVZ to_TO be_BE prepared_VBN to_TO observe_VB F01 186 and_CC make_VB inferences_NNS about_IN F01 187 all_ABN kinds_NNS of_IN processes_NNS in_IN other_AP people_NNS ,_, F01 187 whether_CS or_CC not_XNOT they_PP3AS correspond_VB F01 188 with_IN anything_PN in_IN his_PP$ own_AP experience_NN ._. F01 189 ^ we_PP1AS know_VB very_QL little_AP about_IN the_ATI patterns_NNS F01 189 of_IN brain-activity_NN which_WDTR F01 190 provide_VB our_PP$ schemas_NNS ,_, nor_CC do_DO we_PP1AS need_VB to_TO F01 190 know_VB as_QL far_RB as_CS psychology_NN is_BEZ F01 191 concerned_VBN *-_*- these_DTS patterns_NNS are_BER the_ATI concern_NN F01 191 of_IN the_ATI neuro-physiologists_NNS ._. F02 2 ^ the_ATI numerically_RB largest_JJT group_NN ,_, consisting_VBG of_IN F02 2 male_JJ weekly_JJ wage-earners_NNS F02 3 up_RP to_IN chargehand_NN level_NN and_CC in_IN the_ATI works_NN F02 3 only_RB ,_, excluding_VBG the_ATI offices_NNS ,_, F02 4 was_BEDZ therefore_RB selected_VBN ._. ^ a_AT detailed_JJ F02 4 age-structure_NN was_BEDZ compiled_VBN from_IN F02 5 personnel_NNS department_NN records_NNS ,_, revealing_VBG that_CS F02 5 there_EX were_BED (_( at_IN that_DT time_NN )_) F02 6 seventeen_CD men_NNS seventy_CD years_NNS of_IN age_NN or_CC older_JJR F02 6 ,_, thirty-three_CD aged_JJ F02 7 sixty-four_CD years_NNS ,_, and_CC sixty-five_CD just_RB fifty_CD F02 7 years_NNS of_IN age_NN ._. ^ a_AT small_JJ F02 8 panel_NN was_BEDZ formed_VBN ,_, not_XNOT on_IN a_AT formally_RB F02 8 representative_JJ basis_NN but_CC rather_RB of_IN F02 9 energetic_JJ and_CC concerned_JJ individuals_NNS ,_, from_IN various_JJ F02 9 levels_NNS in_IN the_ATI firm_NN ._. F02 10 ^ in_IN due_JJ course_NN the_ATI panel_NN decided_VBD to_TO seek_VB F02 10 further_JJB insight_NN into_IN the_ATI F02 11 problems_NNS faced_VBN by_IN older_JJR workers_NNS ,_, and_CC F02 11 approached_VBD those_DTS seventy_CD years_NNS of_IN F02 12 age_NN or_CC older_JJR ._. ^ interviews_NNS with_IN about_RB half_ABN F02 12 these_DTS men_NNS quickly_RB convinced_VBD F02 13 the_ATI panel_NN that_CS any_DTI approach_NN at_IN sixty-four_CD *-_*- F02 13 which_WDTR had_HVD been_BEN considered_VBN F02 14 as_IN a_AT possible_JJ interim_JJB stage_NN in_IN the_ATI project_NN F02 14 *-_*- was_BEDZ unlikely_JJ to_TO be_BE F02 15 profitable_JJ ,_, and_CC a_AT decision_NN was_BEDZ taken_VBN to_TO F02 15 plan_VB a_AT scheme_NN of_IN preparation_NN F02 16 for_IN retirement_NN suitable_JJ for_IN men_NNS who_WPR had_HVD just_RB F02 16 reached_VBN the_ATI age_NN of_IN fifty_CD ._. F02 17 ^ all_ABN this_DT took_VBD much_RB longer_RBR than_CS most_AP F02 17 people_NNS had_HVD expected_VBN ,_, and_CC it_PP3 F02 18 must_MD be_BE taken_VBN for_CS granted_VBN by_IN anyone_PN wishing_VBG F02 18 to_TO plan_VB and_CC launch_VB schemes_NNS F02 19 of_IN this_DT kind_NN in_IN large_JJ industrial_JJ undertakings_NNS F02 19 that_CS undue_JJ haste_NN will_MD F02 20 but_RI court_VB disaster_NN ._. ^ in_IN June_NR ,_, 1958_CD ,_, F02 20 after_IN careful_JJ preliminary_JJ work_NN F02 21 explaining_VBG the_ATI task_NN of_IN the_ATI panel_NN to_IN F02 21 departmental_JJ managers_NNS ,_, supervisors_NNS F02 22 and_CC shop_NN stewards_NNS ,_, an_AT individual_JJ invitation_NN F02 22 was_BEDZ sent_VBN to_IN each_DT of_IN the_ATI F02 23 seventy-three_CD men_NNS who_WPR reached_VBD the_ATI age_NN of_IN F02 23 fifty_CD years_NNS in_IN 1958_CD ._. F02 24 ^ following_IN the_ATI interviews_NNS to_IN which_WDTR reference_NN F02 24 has_HVZ already_RB been_BEN made_VBN ,_, a_AT F02 25 meeting_NN took_VBD place_NN at_IN which_WDTR those_DTS attending_VBG F02 25 were_BED told_VBN more_QL fully_RB about_IN F02 26 the_ATI proposed_JJ course_NN and_CC were_BED given_VBN the_ATI F02 26 general_JJ results_NNS of_IN the_ATI F02 27 interviews_NNS in_IN which_WDTR they_PP3AS had_HVD taken_VBN part_NN F02 27 ._. ^ thirty-three_CD of_IN the_ATI F02 28 forty-four_CD men_NNS interviewed_VBN attended_VBD this_DT meeting_NN F02 28 ,_, and_CC twenty-nine_CD F02 29 signed-on_VBD for_IN the_ATI first_OD course_NN ._. F02 30 ^ this_DT was_BEDZ planned_VBN by_IN the_ATI writer_NN in_IN F02 30 co-operation_NN with_IN the_ATI panel_NN and_CC F02 31 in_IN consultation_NN with_IN \0Mr_NPT \0R_NP \0P_NP \0B_NP Davies_NP F02 31 ,_, then_RN west_NR midlands_NNS F02 32 district_NN Secretary_NPT of_IN the_ATI workers_NNS educational_JJ F02 32 association_NN ,_, and_CC F02 33 naturally_RB owes_VBZ much_AP to_IN the_ATI American_JNP schemes_NNS F02 33 described_VBN earlier_RBR ._. ^ it_PP3 F02 34 differs_VBZ principally_RB in_IN being_BEG shorter_JJR (_( six_CD F02 34 sessions_NNS plus_IN a_AT short_JJ F02 35 weekend_NN gathering_NN to_IN which_WDTR wives_NNS are_BER invited_VBN F02 35 )_) ;_; in_IN using_VBG the_ATI services_NNS F02 36 of_IN experienced_JJ tutors_NNS in_IN adult_JJ education_NN as_IN F02 36 discussion_NN group_NN leaders_NNS ;_; F02 37 and_CC in_IN having_HVG available_JJ at_IN the_ATI relevant_JJ F02 37 meeting_NN expert_JJ F02 38 *'_*' consultants_NNS **'_**' for_IN physical_JJ health_NN ,_, F02 38 mental_JJ health_NN and_CC financial_JJ F02 39 planning_NN ._. F02 40 ^ the_ATI Rubery_NP ,_, Owen_NP scheme_NN is_BEZ now_RN in_IN F02 40 its_PP$ fourth_OD year_NN ,_, and_CC F02 41 opportunity_NN has_HVZ been_BEN taken_VBN to_TO revise_VB the_ATI F02 41 course_NN in_IN the_ATI light_NN of_IN F02 42 experience_NN ._. ^ topics_NNS for_IN the_ATI six_CD weekly_JJ F02 42 meetings_NNS of_IN one-and-a-half_CD F02 43 hours_NNS (_( each_DT held_VBN half_RB in_IN company_NN time_NN ,_, F02 43 half_RB in_IN the_ATI man's_NN$ time_NN )_) are_BER now_RN F02 44 as_CS follows_VBZ :_: F02 45 ^ 1_CD1 ._. ^ personal_JJ adjustment_NN F02 46 ._. ^ 2_CD ._. ^ health_NN F02 47 ._. ^ 3_CD ._. ^ work_NN and_CC leisure_NN F02 48 ._. ^ 4_CD ._. ^ living_VBG arrangements_NNS F02 49 ._. ^ 5_CD ._. ^ financial_JJ planning_NN F02 50 ._. ^ 6_CD ._. ^ final_JJ discussion_NN F02 51 ._. ^ the_ATI weekend_NN conference_NN for_IN the_ATI men_NNS and_CC F02 51 their_PP$ wives_NNS ,_, which_WDTR takes_VBZ F02 52 place_NN at_IN company_NN expense_NN in_IN a_AT country_NN or_CC F02 52 resort_NN hotel_NN ,_, includes_VBZ an_AT F02 53 address_NN on_IN *'_*' the_ATI woman's_NN$ point_NN of_IN view_NN F02 53 **'_**' and_CC one_CD1 on_IN *'_*' making_VBG the_ATI most_AP F02 54 of_IN health_NN **'_**' ._. ^ separate_JJ discussions_NNS are_BER F02 54 arranged_VBN for_IN the_ATI wives_NNS in_IN F02 55 addition_NN to_IN the_ATI plenary_JJ sessions_NNS ._. F02 56 ^ of_IN the_ATI men_NNS reaching_VBG fifty_CD years_NNS of_IN age_NN F02 56 since_CS the_ATI scheme_NN started_VBD ,_, F02 57 125_CD (_( 37.2_CD per_NNU cent_NNU" )_) have_HV taken_VBN part_NN ._. ^ F02 57 no_ATI pressure_NN of_IN any_DTI kind_NN is_BEZ F02 58 brought_VBN to_TO bear_VB on_IN those_DTS who_WPR decline_VB the_ATI F02 58 invitation_NN ._. ^ one_CD1 result_NN of_IN F02 59 the_ATI first_OD course_NN was_BEDZ the_ATI formation_NN by_IN the_ATI F02 59 men_NNS themselves_PPLS of_IN the_ATI F02 60 *'_*' half-century_NN club_NN **'_**' ,_, membership_NN of_IN which_WDTR F02 60 is_BEZ open_JJ to_IN any_DTI man_NN in_IN the_ATI F02 61 company_NN fifty_CD years_NNS of_IN age_NN or_CC older_JJR (_( and_CC F02 61 their_PP$ wives_NNS )_) whether_CS he_PP3A has_HVZ F02 62 passed_VBN through_IN the_ATI scheme_NN or_CC not_XNOT ._. ^ at_IN F02 62 the_ATI end_NN of_IN the_ATI second_OD course_NN ,_, a_AT F02 63 request_NN was_BEDZ received_VBN from_IN members_NNS of_IN the_ATI F02 63 salaried_JJ staff_NN that_CS they_PP3AS F02 64 should_MD be_BE included_VBN in_IN the_ATI scheme_NN ,_, and_CC this_DT F02 64 was_BEDZ gladly_RB agreed_VBN to_IN ._. ^ the_ATI F02 65 third_OD course_NN produced_VBD a_AT request_NN by_IN the_ATI men_NNS F02 65 for_IN an_AT evening_NN class_NN in_IN F02 66 home_NR repairs_NNS and_CC decorating_VBG ,_, and_CC this_DT was_BEDZ F02 66 arranged_VBN at_IN a_AT local_JJ evening_NN F02 67 institute_NN ._. F02 68 ^ the_ATI original_JJ scheme_NN was_BEDZ planned_VBN to_TO F02 68 provide_VB short_JJ refresher_NN F02 69 courses_NNS at_IN the_ATI ages_NNS of_IN fifty-five_CD and_CC sixty_CD F02 69 :_: the_ATI first_OD of_IN these_DTS is_BEZ due_JJ F02 70 in_IN 1963_CD ._. ^ meanwhile_RB ,_, each_DT *'_*' graduate_NN **'_**' F02 70 is_BEZ encouraged_VBN to_TO seek_VB help_NN and_CC F02 71 advice_NN in_IN working_VBG out_RP his_PP$ ideas_NNS ,_, either_DTX F02 71 through_IN the_ATI company's_NN$ F02 72 personnel_NNS department_NN or_CC by_IN an_AT approach_NN to_IN F02 72 members_NNS of_IN the_ATI panel_NN F02 73 responsible_JJ for_IN the_ATI scheme_NN ._. ^ the_ATI latter_AP do_DO F02 73 not_XNOT regard_VB themselves_PPLS as_IN F02 74 expert_JJ advisers_NNS ,_, but_CC are_BER prepared_VBN to_TO seek_VB F02 74 out_RP the_ATI appropriate_JJ sources_NNS F02 75 of_IN information_NN or_CC advice_NN ._. F02 76 ^ the_ATI Glasgow_NP day_NN release_NN scheme_NN ._. F02 77 ^ towards_IN the_ATI end_NN of_IN 1956_CD ,_, \0Mr_NPT Daniel_NP F02 77 Grant_NP ,_, an_AT employee_NN F02 78 relations_NNS Officer_NPT of_IN Rolls-Royce_NP \0Ltd_JNP and_CC a_AT F02 78 member_NN of_IN the_ATI workers'_NNS$ F02 79 educational_JJ association_NN ,_, submitted_VBD to_IN the_ATI lord_NN F02 79 provost_NN of_IN Glasgow_NP ,_, F02 80 \0Dr_NPT Andrew_NP Hood_NP ,_, a_AT copy_NN of_IN his_PP$ report_NN F02 80 on_IN an_AT enquiry_NN he_PP3A had_HVD made_VBN into_IN F02 81 the_ATI problems_NNS that_WPR beset_VB older_JJR workers_NNS and_CC F02 81 the_ATI effects_NNS of_IN retirement_NN F02 82 upon_IN them_PP3OS ._. ^ the_ATI lord_NN provost_NN ,_, having_HVG F02 82 studied_VBN the_ATI report_NN on_IN *'_*' the_ATI F02 83 morale_NN and_CC health_NN of_IN retired_JJ workers_NNS **'_**' ,_, F02 83 and_CC being_BEG satisfied_VBN that_CS the_ATI F02 84 matters_NNS raised_VBN were_BED of_IN considerable_JJ importance_NN F02 84 to_IN the_ATI citizens_NNS of_IN F02 85 Glasgow_NP and_CC warranted_VBD further_JJB study_NN ,_, set_VBD an_AT F02 85 informal_JJ committee_NN F02 86 representative_JJ of_IN bodies_NNS particularly_RB concerned_VBN F02 86 with_IN the_ATI welfare_NN of_IN F02 87 older_JJR people_NNS to_TO examine_VB the_ATI report_NN and_CC its_PP$ F02 87 implications_NNS and_CC to_TO F02 88 consider_VB the_ATI advisability_NN of_IN arranging_VBG a_AT F02 88 conference_NN on_IN preparation_NN for_IN F02 89 and_CC occupational_JJ activities_NNS on_IN retirement_NN ._. F02 90 ^ the_ATI large_JJ attendance_NN and_CC atmosphere_NN of_IN this_DT F02 90 conference_NN ,_, held_VBN in_IN F02 91 October_NR ,_, 1957_CD ,_, reflected_VBD not_XNOT only_RB an_AT F02 91 increasing_JJ awareness_NN of_IN the_ATI F02 92 problems_NNS of_IN men_NNS and_CC women_NNS nearing_VBG or_CC F02 92 already_RB in_IN retirement_NN but_CC also_RB a_AT F02 93 strong_JJ desire_NN on_IN the_ATI part_NN of_IN all_ABN concerned_VBN F02 93 for_IN concerted_JJ action_NN F02 94 towards_IN preparing_VBG men_NNS and_CC women_NNS for_IN life_NN in_IN F02 94 retirement_NN and_CC more_QL F02 95 adequate_JJ provision_NN of_IN facilities_NNS for_IN crafts_NNS ,_, F02 95 hobbies_NNS and_CC leisure-time_JJB F02 96 interests_NNS for_IN those_DTS who_WPR are_BER retired_JJ ._. ^ as_IN F02 96 a_AT result_NN ,_, the_ATI Glasgow_NP F02 97 retirement_NN council_NN came_VBD into_IN being_NN in_IN April_NR ,_, F02 97 1958_CD ,_, with_IN \0Dr_NPT Andrew_NP F02 98 Hood_NP as_IN chairman_NN and_CC \0Mr_NPT Andrew_NP Atkinson_NP as_IN F02 98 secretary_NN ._. ^ the_ATI council_NN F02 99 has_HVZ active_JJ committees_NNS on_IN education_NN and_CC F02 99 preparation_NN for_IN retirement_NN ,_, and_CC F02 100 on_IN occupational_JJ centres_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI former_AP consists_VBZ F02 100 of_IN representatives_NNS from_IN F02 101 the_ATI Glasgow_NP corporation_NN further_JJB education_NN F02 101 department_NN ;_; the_ATI workers'_NNS$ F02 102 educational_JJ association_NN ;_; the_ATI University_NPL extra-mural_JJ F02 102 education_NN F02 103 committee_NN and_CC departments_NNS of_IN psychology_NN ,_, F02 103 education_NN and_CC social_JJ science_NN ;_; F02 104 the_ATI trades_NNS unions_NNS ;_; and_CC the_ATI regional_JJ F02 104 hospital_NN board_NN ,_, together_RB with_IN an_AT F02 105 industrial_JJ medical_JJ officer_NN and_CC a_AT medical_JJ Officer_NPT F02 105 of_IN health_NN ._. F02 106 ^ in_IN 1959_CD it_PP3 was_BEDZ suggested_VBN by_IN \0Mr_NPT \0T_NP F02 106 \0M_NP Banks_NP ,_, assistant_NN F02 107 Director_NPT of_IN education_NN for_IN Glasgow_NP ,_, that_CS F02 107 industrial_JJ firms_NNS might_MD be_BE F02 108 ready_JJ to_TO let_VB older_JJR employees_NNS attend_VB day-release_JJB F02 108 courses_NNS on_IN preparation_NN F02 109 for_IN retirement_NN ,_, their_PP$ wages_NNS paid_VBN for_IN the_ATI F02 109 time_NN thus_RB spent_VBN ._. ^ an_AT approach_NN F02 110 was_BEDZ made_VBN to_IN about_RB twenty_CD large_JJ firms_NNS and_CC F02 110 in_IN October_NR ,_, 1959_CD ,_, the_ATI first_OD F02 111 experimental_JJ day-release_JJB course_NN for_IN men_NNS was_BEDZ F02 111 organised_VBN ._. ^ eleven_CD F02 112 students_NNS from_IN seven_CD firms_NNS attended_VBD a_AT course_NN F02 112 on_IN six_CD full_JJ Fridays_NRS and_CC it_PP3 F02 113 was_BEDZ made_VBN clear_JJ both_ABX to_IN the_ATI men_NNS and_CC F02 113 their_PP$ employers_NNS that_CS the_ATI venture_NN F02 114 was_BEDZ an_AT experiment_NN from_IN which_WDTR the_ATI organisers_NNS F02 114 hoped_VBN to_TO learn_VB as_QL much_AP as_IN F02 115 the_ATI participants_NNS ._. ^ alterations_NNS are_BER continually_RB F02 115 being_BEG made_VBN in_IN the_ATI light_NN F02 116 of_IN experience_NN and_CC the_ATI seventh_OD course_NN is_BEZ still_RB F02 116 described_VBN as_CS F02 117 *'_*' experimental_JJ **'_**' ._. F02 118 ^ these_DTS courses_NNS take_VB place_NN at_IN Langside_NP F02 118 College_NPL in_IN a_AT house_NN ,_, separate_JJ F02 119 from_IN the_ATI main_JJB building_NN ,_, which_WDTR has_HVZ a_AT F02 119 comfortable_JJ classroom_NN and_CC two_CD good_JJ F02 120 upstairs_JJB lounges_VBZ ._. ^ each_DT course_NN starts_VBZ with_IN F02 120 an_AT informal_JJ evening_NN meeting_NN F02 121 when_WRB the_ATI men_NNS ,_, drawn_VBN from_IN different_JJ firms_NNS F02 121 ,_, can_MD get_VB to_TO know_VB something_PN of_IN F02 122 one_PPLS another_PPLS" and_CC of_IN the_ATI tutors_NNS before_IN F02 122 the_ATI opening_JJ session_NN on_IN the_ATI F02 123 morning_NN of_IN the_ATI first_OD of_IN the_ATI seven_CD consecutive_JJ F02 123 full-day_JJB Friday_NR F02 124 meetings_NNS ._. F02 125 ^ forenoon_NN sessions_NNS are_BER from_IN 9.30_CD \0a.m_RB to_IN F02 125 12.45_CD \0p.m_RB with_IN F02 126 a_AT coffee-break_NN at_IN 11_CD \0a.m_RB ._. ^ lunch_NN is_BEZ F02 126 provided_VBN at_IN a_AT charge_NN of_IN F02 127 2_CD \0s_NNU 4_CD \0d_NNU ._. ^ afternoon_NN sessions_NNS last_VB F02 127 from_IN 1.50_CD to_IN 5_CD \0p.m_RB ,_, with_IN an_AT F02 128 afternoon_NN tea-break_NN of_IN 15_CD minutes_NNS at_IN 3_CD \0p.m_RB F02 128 ._. ^ the_ATI programme_NN is_BEZ as_CS F02 129 follows_VBZ :_: F02 131 ^ tutors_NNS *-_*- most_AP of_IN them_PP3OS members_NNS of_IN F02 131 the_ATI Glasgow_NP retirement_NN council_NN *-_*- F02 132 give_VB their_PP$ services_NNS voluntarily_RB ._. ^ ninety-five_CD F02 132 men_NNS from_IN twenty-one_CD F02 133 firms_NNS have_HV so_QL far_RB taken_VBN part_NN ;_; there_EX is_BEZ F02 133 no_ATI doubt_NN that_CS the_ATI men_NNS enjoy_VB the_ATI F02 134 courses_NNS and_CC are_BER most_QL appreciative_JJ of_IN them_PP3OS ._. F02 134 ^ they_PP3AS learn_VB much_AP ,_, F02 135 factually_RB ,_, about_IN the_ATI problems_NNS of_IN retirement_NN F02 135 and_CC provision_NN for_IN old_JJ age_NN ,_, F02 136 and_CC ,_, psychologically_RB ,_, in_IN the_ATI sharing_NN of_IN F02 136 their_PP$ thoughts_NNS on_IN retirement_NN ._. F02 137 ^ they_PP3AS express_VB themselves_PPLS as_CS feeling_VBG better_RBR F02 137 equipped_VBN to_TO confront_VB and_CC F02 138 plan_VB for_IN their_PP$ retirement_NN and_CC ,_, if_CS some_DTI F02 138 are_BER still_RB pessimistic_JJ regarding_IN F02 139 the_ATI future_NN ,_, it_PP3 is_BEZ with_IN an_AT *'_*' informed_JJ F02 139 pessimism_NN **'_**' ._. ^ they_PP3AS are_BER unanimous_JJ F02 140 in_IN their_PP$ expressed_JJ concern_NN that_CS many_AP others_APS F02 140 working_VBG beside_IN them_PP3OS at_IN the_ATI F02 141 same_AP stage_NN in_IN their_PP$ careers_NNS should_MD be_BE given_VBN F02 141 opportunity_NN to_TO benefit_VB F02 142 similarly_RB from_IN further_JJB courses_NNS which_WDTR they_PP3AS F02 142 strongly_RB recommend_VB should_MD be_BE F02 143 arranged_VBN by_IN the_ATI council_NN ._. F02 144 ^ the_ATI Glasgow_NP courses_NNS described_VBN above_RI have_HV F02 144 been_BEN for_IN men_NNS only_RB ._. ^ but_CC F02 145 seven_CD women_NNS of_IN the_ATI staff_NN and_CC supervisory_JJ F02 145 grade_NN from_IN six_CD firms_NNS have_HV F02 146 this_DT year_NN (_( 1961_CD )_) taken_VBN part_NN in_IN an_AT F02 146 experimental_JJ day-release_JJB course_NN for_IN F02 147 women_NNS arranged_VBN by_IN the_ATI council_NN at_IN Langside_NP F02 147 College_NPL of_IN a_AT duration_NN and_CC F02 148 along_IN lines_NNS similar_JJ to_IN the_ATI above_JJB ._. ^ morning_NN F02 148 sessions_NNS were_BED unaltered_JJ but_CC F02 149 afternoon_NN subjects_NNS included_VBD *'_*' do-it-yourself_JJB **'_**' F02 149 ,_, home-craft_NN ,_, home_NR F02 150 cookery_NN ,_, and_CC details_NNS of_IN women's_NNS$ organisations_NNS F02 150 ,_, providing_VBG opportunities_NNS F02 151 for_IN voluntary_JJ social_JJ service_NN ,_, in_IN place_NN of_IN F02 151 crafts_NNS ,_, hobbies_NNS ,_, art_NN ,_, drama_NN F02 152 and_CC music_NN ._. F02 153 ^ the_ATI city_NN literary_JJ institute_NN ._. F02 154 ^ on_IN the_ATI initiative_NN of_IN the_ATI Principal_NPT ,_, F02 154 \0Mr_NPT \0H_NP \0A_NP Jones_NP ,_, F02 155 this_DT well-known_JJ London_NP county_NN council_NN institute_NN F02 155 has_HVZ recently_RB started_VBD F02 156 to_TO offer_VB day-release_JJB courses_NNS in_IN preparation_NN for_IN F02 156 retirement_NN ,_, following_VBG F02 157 an_AT encouraging_JJ experiment_NN with_IN members_NNS of_IN the_ATI F02 157 Unilever_NP pensioners_NNS F02 158 welfare_NN organisation_NN ._. ^ several_AP London_NP firms_NNS have_HV F02 158 co-operated_VBN by_IN F02 159 releasing_VBG men_NNS and_CC women_NNS aged_JJ fifty-five_CD and_CC F02 159 over_RB ,_, both_ABX staff_NN and_CC F02 160 hourly-paid_JJB workers_NNS ._. F02 161 ^ different_JJ courses_NNS for_IN different_JJ kinds_NNS of_IN F02 161 people_NNS ._. F02 162 ^ when_WRB describing_VBG the_ATI Michigan_NP ,_, Chicago_NP and_CC F02 162 recent_JJ British_JNP F02 163 approaches_NNS to_IN the_ATI problem_NN of_IN preparing_VBG employed_JJ F02 163 men_NNS and_CC women_NNS for_IN F02 164 their_PP$ eventual_JJ retirement_NN ,_, some_DTI reference_NN has_HVZ F02 164 in_IN each_DT case_NN been_BEN made_VBN F02 165 to_IN the_ATI social_JJ ,_, educational_JJ or_CC intellectual_JJ F02 165 status_NN of_IN those_DTS for_IN whom_WPOR F02 166 each_DT scheme_NN is_BEZ designed_VBN ._. ^ although_CS it_PP3 F02 166 seems_VBZ reasonable_JJ to_TO assume_VB that_CS F02 167 the_ATI problems_NNS of_IN retirement_NN ,_, and_CC the_ATI ways_NNS F02 167 in_IN which_WDTR these_DTS can_MD largely_RB be_BE F02 168 solved_VBN in_IN advance_NN ,_, will_MD differ_VB in_IN terms_NNS of_IN F02 168 such_ABL variables_NNS ,_, very_QL little_AP F02 169 is_BEZ known_VBN on_IN the_ATI matter_NN ._. F02 170 ^ one_CD1 useful_JJ attempt_NN to_TO remedy_VB this_DT important_JJ F02 170 gap_NN in_IN our_PP$ knowledge_NN F02 171 was_BEDZ made_VBN by_IN Burgess_NP and_CC his_PP$ colleagues_NNS in_IN F02 171 Chicago_NP ._. ^ they_PP3AS sought_VBD F02 172 answers_NNS to_IN three_CD questions_NNS :_: F02 173 ^ 1_CD1 ._. ^ are_BER there_EX differences_NNS in_IN adjustment_NN F02 173 to_IN ageing_NN and_CC retirement_NN F02 174 according_IN to_IN" the_ATI occupational_JJ level_NN of_IN F02 174 employees_NNS ?_? F02 175 ^ 2_CD ._. ^ if_CS so_PN ,_, which_WDT occupational_JJ levels_NNS F02 175 are_BER the_ATI better_RBR or_CC the_ATI poorer_RBR F02 176 prepared_VBN for_IN successful_JJ adjustment_NN to_IN retirement_NN F02 176 and_CC in_IN what_WDT aspects_NNS ?_? F02 177 ^ 3_CD ._. ^ does_DOZ the_ATI evidence_NN obtained_VBN support_VB F02 177 a_AT rationale_NN for_IN adapting_VBG a_AT F02 178 pre-retirement_JJB planning_NN and_CC preparation_NN programme_NN to_IN F02 178 the_ATI needs_NNS of_IN F02 179 older_JJR employees_NNS of_IN different_JJ occupational_JJ levels_NNS F02 179 ?_? F02 180 ^ three_CD hundred_CD older_JJR employees_NNS of_IN the_ATI F02 180 Standard_NP oil_NN company_NN of_IN F02 181 Indiana_NP provided_VBD answers_NNS to_IN a_AT *'_*' retirement_NN F02 181 planning_NN inventory_NN F02 182 **'_**' containing_VBG 100_CD items_NNS *-_*- statements_NNS with_IN F02 182 which_WDTR the_ATI person_NN responding_VBG is_BEZ F02 183 asked_VBN to_TO indicate_VB his_PP$ agreement_NN or_CC disagreement_NN F02 183 ,_, designed_VBN by_IN Burgess_NP F02 184 and_CC Mack_NP ._. ^ these_DTS items_NNS in_IN fact_NN comprise_VB F02 184 twelve_CD groups_NNS ,_, eight_CD F02 185 consisting_VBG of_IN ten_CD items_NNS each_DT ,_, all_ABN dealing_VBG F02 185 with_IN retirement_NN planning_NN and_CC F02 186 preparation_NN ,_, and_CC a_AT further_JJB two_CD of_IN ten_CD F02 186 items_NNS each_DT ,_, both_ABX dealing_VBG with_IN F02 187 more_QL general_JJ personal_JJ adjustment_NN ._. ^ in_IN addition_NN F02 187 ,_, there_EX are_BER four_CD F02 188 *'_*' category_NN scores_NNS **'_**' which_WDTR combine_VB the_ATI F02 188 same_AP 100_CD items_NNS in_IN a_AT different_JJ F02 189 way_NN ,_, providing_VBG more_QL broadly-based_JJB areas_NNS for_IN F02 189 assessment_NN ._. ^ the_ATI 300_CD F02 190 employees_NNS comprised_VBD twenty-four_CD managers_NNS ,_, F02 190 eighty-four_CD supervisory_JJ and_CC F02 191 professional_JJ /_CC technical_JJ staff_NN ,_, and_CC 184_CD manual_JJ F02 191 workers_NNS of_IN all_ABN grades_NNS ._. F02 192 ^ Burgess_NP found_VBD that_CS in_RB general_RB" *'_*' the_ATI F02 192 higher_JJR the_ATI group's_NN$ F02 193 occupational_JJ status_NN ,_, the_ATI greater_JJR is_BEZ its_PP$ (_( F02 193 apparent_JJ )_) adjustment_NN to_IN (_( the_ATI F02 194 prospect_NN of_IN )_) ageing_NN and_CC retirement_NN **'_**' ._. ^ (_( F02 194 it_PP3 is_BEZ probably_RB desirable_JJ to_TO F02 195 insert_VB the_ATI words_NNS in_IN parenthesis_NN ,_, having_HVG F02 195 regard_NN to_IN the_ATI limitations_NNS of_IN F02 196 the_ATI questionnaire_NN method_NN of_IN enquiry_NN ._. )_) ^ the_ATI F02 196 investigators_NNS go_VB on_RP to_TO F02 197 suggest_VB ,_, from_IN detailed_JJ analysis_NN of_IN the_ATI F02 197 responses_NNS obtained_VBN ,_, that_CS *'_*' the_ATI F02 198 problem_NN for_IN the_ATI manual_JJ worker_NN does_DOZ not_XNOT F02 198 centre_VB on_IN his_PP$ conception_NN of_IN F02 199 old_JJ age_NN ,_, but_CC rather_RB on_IN how_WRB he_PP3A interprets_VBZ F02 199 its_PP$ meaning_NN for_IN his_PP$ own_AP F02 200 future_JJB life_NN **'_**' ._. ^ this_DT conclusion_NN is_BEZ based_VBN F02 200 on_IN differences_NNS between_IN the_ATI F02 201 manual_JJ workers_NNS group_NN and_CC the_ATI other_AP two_CD F02 201 groups_NNS in_IN categories_NNS of_IN F02 202 questions_NNS covering_VBG *'_*' later_JJR maturity_NN **'_**' and_CC F02 202 *'_*' retirement_NN attitudes_NNS **'_**' ,_, F02 203 and_CC in_IN the_ATI broadly-based_JJB area_NN of_IN *'_*' social_JJ F02 203 adjustment_NN **'_**' ._. F02 204 ^ Burgess_NP and_CC his_PP$ colleagues_NNS therefore_RB advise_VB F02 204 retirement_NN planning_NN F02 205 programmes_NNS *'_*' to_TO divide_VB into_IN at_RB least_RB" two_CD F02 205 separate_JJ units_NNS :_: one_CD1 to_TO treat_VB F02 206 the_ATI needs_NNS of_IN the_ATI non-manual_JJ upper-level_JJB F02 206 occupational_JJ groups_NNS who_WPR ,_, on_IN F02 207 the_ATI whole_NN ,_, seem_VB well-adjusted_JJ to_IN old-age_NN but_CC F02 207 require_VB a_AT medium_NN through_IN F02 208 which_WDTR to_TO reinterpret_VB and_CC assimilate_VB their_PP$ F02 208 knowledge_NN and_CC attitudes_NNS ;_; and_CC F02 209 another_DT for_IN the_ATI manual_JJ lower-level_JJB occupational_JJ F02 209 status_NN who_WPR ,_, although_CS F02 210 conceiving_VBG of_IN retirement_NN in_IN an_AT appropriate_JJ manner_NN F02 210 ,_, can_MD not_XNOT find_VB within_IN F02 211 the_ATI boundaries_NNS of_IN old_JJ age_NN the_ATI promise_NN of_IN F02 211 a_AT meaningful_JJ and_CC well-rounded_JJ F02 212 life_NN **'_**' ._. F03 2 ^ a_AT simple_JJ enough_QLP question_NN ._. ^ but_CC every_AT F03 2 one_CD1 of_IN the_ATI passengers_NNS who_WPR F03 3 heard_VBD it_PP3 turned_VBD to_TO see_VB who_WP asked_VBD it_PP3 ._. ^ F03 3 the_ATI girl's_NN$ voice_NN was_BEDZ charming_VBG ._. F03 4 ^ and_CC so_PN was_BEDZ the_ATI girl_NN herself_PPL ._. ^ but_CC F03 4 you_PP2 often_RB find_VB that_CS an_AT attractive_JJ F03 5 voice_NN and_CC an_AT attractive_JJ appearance_NN go_VB together_RB ._. F03 5 ^ their_PP$ owner_NN probably_RB F03 6 takes_VBZ pains_NNS with_IN both_ABX !_! F03 7 ^ people_NNS generally_RB are_BER responsive_JJ to_IN voices_NNS ._. F03 7 ^ one_CD1 voice_NN will_MD give_VB F03 8 you_PP2 pleasure_NN ,_, and_CC another_DT will_MD give_VB you_PP2 a_AT F03 8 headache_NN ._. ^ listen_VB to_IN Mollie_NP ._. F03 9 ^ that_DT girl_NN could_MD charm_VB the_ATI bird_NN from_IN the_ATI F03 9 bush_NN ._. ^ but_CC Ethel's_NP$ flat_JJ voice_NN F03 10 has_HVZ as_QL much_AP charm_NN as_IN a_AT codfish_NN !_! F03 11 ^ no_ATI wonder_NN that_CS employers_NNS advertising_VBG for_IN a_AT F03 11 secretary_NN often_RB state_VB :_: F03 12 ^ good_JJ speaking_NN voice_NN ._. F03 13 ^ listen_VB and_CC learn_VB ._. F03 14 ^ listen_VB to_IN voices_NNS and_CC you_PP2 will_MD learn_VB how_WRB F03 14 to_TO improve_VB your_PP$ own_AP ._. F03 15 ^ variations_NNS in_IN pitch_NN and_CC speed_NN ,_, changes_NNS in_IN F03 15 expression_NN ,_, a_AT warm_JJ quality_NN F03 16 in_IN the_ATI voice_NN itself_PPL ,_, clear_JJ enunciation_NN *-_*- F03 16 those_DTS can_MD help_VB you_PP2 to_IN that_DT F03 17 good_JJ speaking_NN voice_NN ._. F03 18 ^ and_CC you_PP2 will_MD notice_VB ,_, too_RB ,_, that_CS F03 18 pleasant_JJ voices_NNS usually_RB belong_VB to_IN F03 19 pleasant_JJ people_NNS ._. ^ is_BEZ there_EX a_AT moral_NN there_RN F03 19 for_IN you_PP2 ?_? F03 20 ^ incidentally_RB ,_, it_PP3 's_BEZ easy_JJ to_TO forget_VB a_AT F03 20 face_NN ._. ^ but_CC a_AT voice_NN once_RB F03 21 heard_VBN is_BEZ never_RB forgotten_VBN ._. F03 23 ^ a_AT cynic_NN has_HVZ said_VBN that_CS a_AT good_JJ F03 23 conversationalist_NN is_BEZ one_CD1 who_WPR F03 24 talks_VBZ to_IN you_PP2 about_IN yourself_PPL ._. ^ and_CC there_EX F03 24 is_BEZ enough_DTI truth_NN in_IN that_DT to_TO F03 25 set_VB you_PP2 thinking_VBG ._. F03 26 ^ keep_VB an_AT ear_NN open_JJ for_IN snatches_NNS of_IN talk_NN F03 26 you_PP2 hear_VB during_IN the_ATI day_NN ._. F03 27 ^ what_WDT I_PP1A said_VBD and_CC what_WDT I_PP1A did_DOD are_BER F03 27 very_QL popular_JJ subjects_NNS ._. ^ but_CC F03 28 they_PP3AS make_VB poor_JJ conversation_NN !_! F03 29 ^ sometimes_RB you_PP2 do_DO meet_VB some_PN one_PN" who_WPR F03 29 says_VBZ little_AP himself_PPL ._. F03 30 ^ but_CC he_PP3A seems_VBZ willing_JJ to_TO listen_VB a_AT lot_NN ._. ^ F03 30 be_BE cautious_JJ *-_*- there_EX 's_BEZ an_AT old_JJ F03 31 adage_NN which_WDTR tells_VBZ you_PP2 to_TO beware_VB of_IN the_ATI F03 31 man_NN who_WPR lets_VBZ you_PP2 do_DO all_ABN the_ATI F03 32 talking_NN !_! F03 33 ^ so_RB what_WDT !_! F03 34 ^ just_RB this_DT ._. ^ a_AT good_JJ conversationalist_NN talks_VBZ F03 34 neither_DTX too_QL much_RB F03 35 nor_CC too_QL little_RB ._. ^ he_PP3A has_HVZ the_ATI knack_NN of_IN F03 35 putting_VBG things_NNS in_IN an_AT F03 36 interesting_JJ way_NN ._. ^ but_CC more_RBR than_IN that_DT ,_, he_PP3A F03 36 stimulates_VBZ you_PP2 to_TO F03 37 contribute_VB to_IN the_ATI conversation_NN too_RB ._. ^ and_CC he_PP3A F03 37 can_MD set_VB a_AT whole_JJ group_NN F03 38 talking_VBG ._. F03 39 ^ no_ATI wonder_NN such_ABL a_AT talker_NN is_BEZ always_RB F03 39 welcome_JJ !_! ^ conversation_NN is_BEZ still_RB F03 40 a_AT popular_JJ form_NN of_IN entertainment_NN ._. ^ and_CC one_CD1 F03 40 in_IN which_WDTR we_PP1AS all_ABN can_MD share_VB ._. F03 41 ^ you_PP2 can_MD help_VB yourself_PPL to_TO play_VB your_PP$ part_NN F03 41 in_IN good_JJ conversation_NN ,_, either_DTX F03 42 with_IN strangers_NNS or_CC in_IN your_PP$ own_AP circle_NN ._. ^ F03 42 and_CC it_PP3 will_MD do_DO wonders_NNS for_IN F03 43 you_PP2 !_! F03 45 ^ you_PP2 think_VB the_ATI man_NN opposite_RI would_MD like_VB to_TO F03 45 chat_VB ._. ^ and_CC so_PN would_MD F03 46 you_PP2 ._. ^ all_RB right_RB" !_! ^ seize_VB your_PP$ opportunity_NN F03 46 when_WRB he_PP3A looks_VBZ up_RP from_IN his_PP$ F03 47 book_NN ._. ^ what_WDT will_MD you_PP2 say_VB ?_? F03 48 ^ as_CS you_PP2 have_HV never_RB seen_VBN him_PP3O before_RI ,_, F03 48 you_PP2 can_MD n't_XNOT very_QL well_RB open_VB with_IN ,_, F03 49 ~ *'_*' my_PP$ wife_NN has_HVZ toothache_NN !_! **'_**' *-_*- or_CC F03 49 something_PN of_IN that_DT sort_NN ._. F03 50 ^ the_ATI usual_JJ opening_NN ,_, and_CC you_PP2 can_MD n't_XNOT F03 50 better_VB it_PP3 ,_, is_BEZ to_TO remark_VB on_IN the_ATI F03 51 weather_NN ._. ^ and_CC why_WRB not_XNOT ?_? ^ the_ATI weather_NN F03 51 is_BEZ of_IN interest_NN to_IN everybody_PN ._. ^ and_CC F03 52 he_PP3A will_MD understand_VB you_PP2 are_BER just_RB sticking_VBG F03 52 to_IN the_ATI rules_NNS ._. F03 53 ^ he_PP3A will_MD do_DO the_ATI same_AP ._. ^ if_CS he_PP3A does_DOZ F03 53 n't_XNOT want_VB to_TO talk_VB ,_, a_AT quick_JJ smile_NN F03 54 and_CC a_AT brief_JJ ,_, ~ *'_*' horrid_JJ !_! **'_**' *-_*- and_CC F03 54 he_PP3A returns_VBZ to_IN his_PP$ book_NN ._. ^ but_CC if_CS he_PP3A F03 55 likes_VBZ the_ATI look_NN of_IN you_PP2 he_PP3A will_MD most_QL F03 55 likely_RB toss_VB the_ATI ball_NN back_RP to_IN you_PP2 by_IN F03 56 saying_VBG lightly_RB ,_, ~ *'_*' yes_UH *-_*- all_ABN the_ATI fault_NN F03 56 of_IN the_ATI atom-bomb_NN F03 57 scientists_NNS !_! **'_**' *-_*- or_CC some_DTI such_ABL remark_NN ._. ^ F03 57 and_CC if_CS you_PP2 come_VB back_RP again_RB F03 58 with_IN ,_, ~ *'_*' disturbing_JJ chaps_NNS *-_*- in_IN more_AP F03 58 ways_NNS than_IN one_CD1 !_! **'_**' each_DT of_IN you_PP2 will_MD F03 59 think_VB the_ATI other_AP is_BEZ talkable-to_JJ ._. ^ and_CC away_RP F03 59 you_PP2 go_VB ._. F03 60 ^ good_JJ conversation_NN can_MD be_BE wonderful_JJ fun_NN ._. ^ F03 60 and_CC a_AT grand_JJ F03 61 shortener_NN of_IN journeys_NNS ._. ^ useful_JJ ,_, too_RB !_! ^ F03 61 one_CD1 \0V.I.P_NN has_HVZ said_VBN F03 62 that_CS he_PP3A learns_VBZ more_AP from_IN conversation_NN than_CS F03 62 from_IN all_ABN the_ATI books_NNS he_PP3A has_HVZ F03 63 read_VBN ._. F03 64 ^ at_RB least_RB" you_PP2 learn_VB something_PN about_IN human_JJ F03 64 nature_NN ._. F03 66 ^ we_PP1AS 'll_MD say_VB you_PP2 arrive_VB *-_*- on_IN your_PP$ F03 66 own_AP *-_*- at_IN a_AT party_NN ,_, and_CC the_ATI F03 67 hostess_NN leaves_VBZ you_PP2 with_IN a_AT group_NN of_IN strangers_NNS F03 67 ._. ^ two_CD or_CC three_CD of_IN them_PP3OS F03 68 give_VB you_PP2 a_AT fleeting_JJ smile_NN ,_, but_CC continue_VB to_TO F03 68 listen_VB to_IN what_WDT seems_VBZ to_TO be_BE F03 69 a_AT dramatic_JJ story_NN by_IN one_CD1 of_IN the_ATI group_NN ._. ^ F03 69 she_PP3A is_BEZ telling_VBG of_IN her_PP$ battle_NN F03 70 with_IN a_AT play_NN producer_NN ,_, but_CC she_PP3A has_HVZ n't_XNOT F03 70 yet_RB reached_VBN the_ATI point_NN where_WRB she_PP3A F03 71 laid_VBD him_PP3O out_RP flat_JJ !_! F03 72 ^ splendid_JJ !_! ^ it_PP3 gives_VBZ you_PP2 a_AT breathing-space_NN F03 72 ,_, and_CC time_NN to_TO get_VB your_PP$ F03 73 bearings_NNS ._. ^ you_PP2 are_BER sure_JJ to_TO see_VB something_PN F03 73 of_IN interest_NN to_IN you_PP2 ,_, something_PN F03 74 you_PP2 can_MD talk_VB about_IN ._. ^ it_PP3 may_MD be_BE a_AT bit_NN F03 74 of_IN antique_JJ furniture_NN ,_, a_AT picture_NN ,_, F03 75 a_AT tapestry_NN ,_, or_CC even_RB flowers_NNS ._. F03 76 ^ well_UH ,_, there_RN you_PP2 are_BER ._. ^ you_PP2 may_MD *-_*- F03 76 when_WRB the_ATI producer_NN has_HVZ been_BEN F03 77 humbled_VBN *-_*- get_VB by_RP by_IN answering_VBG questions_NNS ._. ^ F03 77 but_CC unless_CS you_PP2 are_BER to_TO appear_VB F03 78 as_IN a_AT tongue-tied_JJ ninny_NN ,_, you_PP2 simply_RB must_MD say_VB F03 78 something_PN original_JJ ._. F03 79 ^ for_IN instance_NN ,_, you_PP2 notice_VB an_AT old_JJ F03 79 writing-desk_NN ._. ^ so_RB you_PP2 say_VB to_IN F03 80 your_PP$ neighbour_NN ,_, ^ *'_*' lovely_JJ desk_NN !_! ^ do_DO you_PP2 F03 80 think_VB it_PP3 's_BEZ Chippendale_NP ?_? **'_**' F03 81 ^ you_PP2 could_MD n't_XNOT do_DO better_RBR ._. ^ talk_NN about_IN F03 81 furniture_NN *-_*- especially_RB F03 82 antiques_NNS *-_*- and_CC most_AP people_NNS will_MD want_VB to_TO F03 82 join_VB in_RP ._. F03 84 ^ just_RB a_AT bit_NN of_IN chatter_NN about_IN some_PN one_PN" F03 84 else_RB *-_*- but_CC two_CD completely_RB F03 85 different_JJ styles_NNS of_IN talking_VBG !_! F03 86 ^ one_CD1 of_IN the_ATI gossips_NNS talks_VBZ with_IN F03 86 sledgehammer_NN blows_NNS ._. ^ she_PP3A is_BEZ so_QL sure_JJ F03 87 about_IN things_NNS ._. ^ but_CC the_ATI other_AP feels_VBZ her_PP$ F03 87 way_NN more_QL gently_RB ._. F03 88 ^ that_DT sledgehammer_NN style_NN *-_*- if_CS the_ATI blows_NNS F03 88 are_BER short_JJ and_CC sharp_JJ F03 89 enough_QLP *-_*- may_MD suit_VB at_IN a_AT political_JJ meeting_NN ._. ^ F03 89 but_CC conversation_NN wilts_VBZ F03 90 under_IN it_PP3 ._. ^ try_VB ,_, instead_RB ,_, a_AT more_QL F03 90 inquiring_JJ style_NN *-_*- ^ do_DO n't_XNOT you_PP2 think_VB F03 91 that_CS ..._... ?_? will_MD encourage_VB the_ATI other_AP one_CD1 to_TO F03 91 give_VB his_PP$ views_NNS ._. ^ oh_UH ,_, F03 92 that_DT 's_BEZ nonsense_NN !_! will_MD shut_VB him_PP3O up_RP ,_, or_CC F03 92 start_VB an_AT argument_NN ._. ^ and_CC an_AT F03 93 argument_NN can_MD be_BE poor_JJ conversation_NN ._. ^ you_PP2 find_VB F03 93 yourself_PPL more_QL concerned_JJ F03 94 to_TO prove_VB the_ATI other_AP fellow_NN wrong_JJ than_CS to_TO F03 94 encourage_VB him_PP3O to_TO say_VB what_WDT he_PP3A F03 95 thinks_VBZ ._. F03 96 ^ and_CC do_DO n't_XNOT be_BE a_AT know-all_NN ._. F03 97 ^ there_EX are_BER plenty_NN of_IN people_NNS *-_*- both_ABX F03 97 sexes_NNS *-_*- who_WPR delight_VB in_IN F03 98 showing_VBG their_PP$ knowledge_NN ._. ^ maybe_RB it_PP3 's_BEZ nice_JJ F03 98 to_TO know_VB more_AP than_IN some_PN one_PN" F03 99 else_RB ,_, but_CC it_PP3 's_BEZ a_AT mistake_NN to_TO show_VB it_PP3 F03 99 *-_*- if_CS you_PP2 want_VB good_JJ conversation_NN ._. F03 100 ^ let_VB the_ATI other_AP fellow_NN tell_VB you_PP2 something_PN F03 100 *-_*- if_CS he_PP3A wishes_VBZ to_TO !_! F03 102 ^ at_IN some_DTI time_NN or_CC other_AP you_PP2 will_MD speak_VB F03 102 in_RB public_RB" ._. ^ perhaps_RB you_PP2 F03 103 will_MD join_VB in_IN the_ATI discussion_NN at_IN a_AT committee_NN F03 103 meeting_NN ,_, take_VB sides_NNS at_IN the_ATI F03 104 debating_NN society_NN ,_, open_VB a_AT local_JJ fe*?5te_NN ,_, F03 104 propose_VB a_AT toast_NN *-_*- or_CC even_RB make_VB F03 105 a_AT political_JJ speech_NN from_IN the_ATI platform_NN ._. ^ no_ATI F03 105 matter_NN what_WDT the_ATI occasion_NN is_BEZ ,_, F03 106 you_PP2 will_MD want_VB to_TO make_VB a_AT good_JJ job_NN of_IN it_PP3 F03 106 ._. F03 107 ^ here_RN is_BEZ some_DTI advice_NN ._. F03 108 ^ be_BE sincere_JJ ._. ^ if_CS you_PP2 mean_VB what_WDT you_PP2 F03 108 say_VB there_EX is_BEZ a_AT ring_NN in_IN your_PP$ F03 109 voice_NN and_CC a_AT force_NN in_IN your_PP$ speaking_NN which_WDTR F03 109 you_PP2 can_MD get_VB in_IN no_ATI other_AP way_NN ._. F03 110 ^ believe_VB in_IN what_WDT you_PP2 say_VB *-_*- or_CC say_VB F03 110 nothing_PN ._. F03 111 ^ be_BE natural_JJ ._. ^ in_IN other_AP words_NNS ,_, be_BE F03 111 yourself_PPL ._. ^ famous_JJ orators_NNS F03 112 have_HV their_PP$ own_AP style_NN ._. ^ you_PP2 have_HV yours_PP$$ ,_, F03 112 and_CC by_IN sticking_VBG to_IN it_PP3 you_PP2 will_MD F03 113 make_VB a_AT better_JJR speech_NN than_CS by_IN imitating_VBG some_PN F03 113 one_PN" else_RB ._. ^ but_CC see_VB to_IN it_PP3 F03 114 that_CS your_PP$ own_AP style_NN improves_VBZ every_AT time_NN you_PP2 F03 114 make_VB a_AT speech_NN ._. F03 115 ^ those_DTS two_CD bits_NNS of_IN advice_NN apply_VB whether_CS F03 115 you_PP2 speak_VB to_IN a_AT crowd_NN in_IN F03 116 the_ATI town_NN Hall_NPL or_CC to_IN half_ABN a_AT dozen_CD in_IN F03 116 the_ATI committee_NN room_NN ._. ^ be_BE sincere_JJ ._. F03 117 ^ be_BE natural_JJ ._. ^ people_NNS will_MD at_RB least_RB" listen_VB F03 117 to_IN you_PP2 with_IN respect_NN *-_*- and_CC F03 118 maybe_RB with_IN enjoyment_NN !_! F03 119 ^ and_CC if_CS you_PP2 make_VB a_AT good_JJ speech_NN you_PP2 too_RB F03 119 will_MD enjoy_VB the_ATI thrill_NN F03 120 of_IN it_PP3 ._. F03 122 ^ she_PP3A was_BEDZ so_QL beautifully_RB dressed_VBN ._. ^ and_CC F03 122 she_PP3A looked_VBD just_RB right_JJ for_IN F03 123 the_ATI job_NN *-_*- to_TO open_VB the_ATI bazaar_NN ._. F03 124 ^ but_CC ,_, oh_UH ,_, dear_UH !_! ^ she_PP3A unfolded_VBD a_AT F03 124 sheet_NN of_IN paper_NN and_CC proceeded_VBD to_TO F03 125 read_VB her_PP$ speech_NN *-_*- every_AT word_NN of_IN it_PP3 ._. ^ F03 125 such_ABL careful_JJ enunciation_NN !_! ^ and_CC F03 126 so_QL terribly_RB lifeless_JJ !_! F03 128 ^ but_CC here_RN 's_BEZ a_AT speaker_NN of_IN another_DT calibre_NN F03 128 *-_*- at_IN a_AT mass-protest_NN F03 129 meeting_NN ._. ^ he_PP3A ,_, too_RB ,_, looks_VBZ just_RB right_JJ F03 129 for_IN the_ATI job_NN !_! F03 130 ^ and_CC he_PP3A is_BEZ ._. ^ his_PP$ words_NNS pour_VB out_RP F03 130 with_IN the_ATI flow_NN and_CC force_NN of_IN F03 131 Niagara_NP ._. ^ he_PP3A has_HVZ the_ATI crowd_NN spellbound_JJ !_! F03 132 ^ those_DTS two_CD speakers_NNS are_BER poles_NNS apart_RP ._. ^ F03 132 between_IN them_PP3OS come_VB many_AP F03 133 other_AP speaking-methods_NNS ._. ^ which_WDT one_CD1 is_BEZ yours_PP$$ F03 133 ?_? ^ perhaps_RB you_PP2 rely_VB on_IN F03 134 a_AP few_AP" notes_NNS on_IN a_AT small_JJ bit_NN of_IN paper_NN ?_? ^ F03 134 that_DT ,_, at_RB least_RB" ,_, is_BEZ better_JJR than_CS F03 135 reading_VBG the_ATI whole_JJ thing_NN ._. F03 136 ^ but_CC the_ATI secret_NN of_IN a_AT good_JJ speech_NN lies_VBZ F03 136 in_IN the_ATI contact_NN between_IN F03 137 speaker_NN and_CC audience_NN ._. ^ stop_VB to_TO read_VB from_IN a_AT F03 137 paper_NN ,_, look_VB down_RP at_IN your_PP$ F03 138 notes_NNS !_! *-_*- at_RB once_RB" you_PP2 break_VB the_ATI spell_NN F03 138 ._. F03 139 ^ yes_UH ,_, it_PP3 's_BEZ *'_*' off_IN the_ATI cuff_NN **'_**' F03 139 for_IN a_AT really_RB good_JJ speech_NN ._. ^ but_CC that_DT F03 140 does_DOZ not_XNOT mean_VB you_PP2 need_MD not_XNOT think_VB about_IN F03 140 it_PP3 beforehand_RB ._. ^ some_DTI of_IN the_ATI F03 141 best_JJT *'_*' impromptu_JJ **'_**' speakers_NNS spend_VB hours_NNS F03 141 in_IN preparation_NN ._. ^ so_RB ,_, by_IN all_ABN F03 142 means_NNS plan_VB your_PP$ speech_NN and_CC rehearse_VB it_PP3 *-_*- F03 142 see_VB next_AP page_NN ._. ^ take_VB your_PP$ F03 143 notes_NNS with_IN you_PP2 *-_*- if_CS you_PP2 must_MD !_! ^ but_CC F03 143 if_CS you_PP2 can_MD lose_VB them_PP3OS and_CC still_RB F03 144 speak_VB naturally_RB and_CC easily_RB ,_, why_UH *-_*- good_JJ for_IN F03 144 you_PP2 !_! ^ you_PP2 are_BER a_AT F03 145 speaker_NN !_! F03 147 ^ embarrassed_JJ and_CC tongue-tied_JJ !_! ^ poor_JJ fellow_NN !_! ^ F03 147 but_CC it_PP3 need_MD not_XNOT F03 148 happen_VB to_IN you_PP2 *-_*- if_CS you_PP2 plan_VB your_PP$ speech_NN F03 148 beforehand_RB ._. F03 149 ^ you_PP2 are_BER going_VBG to_TO make_VB a_AT speech_NN ,_, so_CS F03 149 presumably_RB you_PP2 've_HV got_VBN F03 150 something_PN to_TO say_VB ._. ^ it_PP3 may_MD take_VB you_PP2 two_CD F03 150 minutes_NNS ,_, it_PP3 may_MD take_VB you_PP2 twenty_CD F03 151 minutes_NNS (_( a_AT long_JJ time_NN that_DT !_! )_) ._. ^ but_CC F03 151 before_CS you_PP2 start_VB have_HV it_PP3 clear_JJ in_IN F03 152 your_PP$ mind_NN what_WDT that_DT message_NN is_BEZ ._. F03 153 ^ in_IN writing_VBG a_AT letter_NN ,_, you_PP2 arrange_VB it_PP3 F03 153 in_IN paragraphs_NNS ._. ^ do_DO the_ATI same_AP F03 154 with_IN your_PP$ speech_NN ._. ^ but_CC do_DO n't_XNOT write_VB it_PP3 F03 154 down_RP ._. ^ content_VB yourself_PPL with_IN F03 155 giving_VBG a_AT name_NN to_IN each_DT paragraph_NN ,_, and_CC put_VB F03 155 those_DTS names_NNS in_IN a_AT list_NN ._. F03 156 ^ suppose_VB ,_, for_IN instance_NN ,_, you_PP2 finally_RB have_HV F03 156 four_CD names_NNS on_IN your_PP$ list_NN ._. F03 157 ^ then_RN you_PP2 have_HV four_CD sections_NNS to_IN your_PP$ speech_NN F03 157 ._. ^ decide_VB then_RN what_WDT you_PP2 F03 158 want_VB to_TO say_VB in_IN each_DT *-_*- and_CC the_ATI best_JJT way_NN F03 158 of_IN saying_VBG it_PP3 *-_*- and_CC then_RN F03 159 rehearse_VB it_PP3 over_RP and_CC over_RP again_RB ._. ^ but_CC do_DO F03 159 n't_XNOT memorize_VB it_PP3 word_NN for_IN F03 160 word_NN ._. ^ all_ABN you_PP2 need_MD do_DO is_BEZ to_TO remember_VB F03 160 the_ATI four_CD names_NNS *-_*- and_CC the_ATI order_NN F03 161 in_IN which_WDTR they_PP3AS come_VB ._. F03 162 ^ each_DT time_NN you_PP2 rehearse_VB you_PP2 will_MD probably_RB F03 162 put_VB things_NNS in_IN a_AT F03 163 different_JJ way_NN ._. ^ all_RB the_ATI better_JJR !_! *-_*- it_PP3 F03 163 will_MD sound_VB much_RB more_QL spontaneous_JJ F03 164 on_IN the_ATI occasion_NN itself_PPL ._. ^ remember_VB your_PP$ four_CD F03 164 names_NNS *-_*- have_HV the_ATI list_NN with_IN F03 165 you_PP2 if_CS you_PP2 like_VB *-_*- and_CC you_PP2 simply_RB can_MD F03 165 n't_XNOT be_BE flummoxed_VBN !_! F03 166 ^ of_RB course_RB" ,_, in_IN any_DTI speech_NN a_AT good_JJ start_NN F03 166 and_CC a_AT good_JJ finish_NN are_BER F03 167 half_ABN the_ATI battle_NN ._. ^ so_RB *-_*- see_VB the_ATI next_AP F03 167 page_NN !_! F03 169 ^ yes_UH ,_, they_PP3AS are_BER waiting_VBG for_IN you_PP2 ._. ^ F03 169 but_CC there_EX is_BEZ no_ATI need_NN to_TO be_BE F03 170 frightened_JJ ._. ^ the_ATI audience_NN will_MD eat_VB out_RP of_IN F03 170 your_PP$ hand_NN *-_*- if_CS they_PP3AS like_VB F03 171 what_WDT you_PP2 offer_VB them_PP3OS ._. F03 172 ^ a_AT good_JJ start_NN will_MD put_VB them_PP3OS in_IN a_AT good_JJ F03 172 humour_NN ._. F03 173 ^ ladies_NNS and_CC gentlemen_NNS !_! ^ I_PP1A 'm_BEM afraid_JJ F03 173 I_PP1A have_HV not_XNOT had_HVN much_AP F03 174 experience_NN of_IN public_JJ speaking_NN ._. ^ but_CC that_DT 's_BEZ F03 174 a_AT terrible_JJ way_NN to_TO begin_VB !_! F03 175 ^ why_WRB tell_VB them_PP3OS you_PP2 are_BER a_AT novice_NN ?_? ^ F03 175 it_PP3 's_BEZ their_PP$ interest_NN you_PP2 want_VB *-_*- F03 176 not_XNOT their_PP$ sympathy_NN ._. ^ and_CC you_PP2 want_VB to_TO F03 176 get_VB it_PP3 from_IN the_ATI word_NN go_NC !_! ^ try_VB F03 177 something_PN like_IN this_DT :_: F03 178 ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ said_VBN that_CS television_NN keeps_VBZ people_NNS F03 178 at_IN home_NR ._. ^ but_CC you_PP2 ,_, at_IN F03 179 any_DTI rate_NN ,_, have_HV proved_VBN that_DT wrong_JJ ._. ^ and_CC F03 179 they_PP3AS say_VB ,_, too_RB ,_, that_CS television_NN F03 180 makes_VBZ its_PP$ appeal_NN to_IN those_DTS of_IN lesser_JJR F03 180 intelligence_NN ._. ^ may_MD I_PP1A suggest_VB that_CS F03 181 you_PP2 have_HV proved_VBN that_DT right_JJ !_! ^ congratulations_NNS F03 181 !_! F03 182 ^ and_CC away_RP you_PP2 go_VB into_IN your_PP$ speech_NN ._. F03 183 ^ take_VB some_DTI thought_NN ,_, too_RB ,_, for_IN your_PP$ F03 183 ending_NN ._. F03 184 ^ thank_VB you_PP2 for_IN listening_VBG to_IN me_PP1O so_QL F03 184 patiently_RB ._. ^ a_AT political_JJ F03 185 candidate_NN often_RB used_VBD that_DT finish_NN ._. ^ no_ATI wonder_NN F03 185 he_PP3A did_DOD n't_XNOT get_VB in_RP !_! F03 186 ^ instead_RB he_PP3A might_MD have_HV ended_VBN this_DT way_NN :_: ^ F03 186 well_UH ,_, those_DTS are_BER my_PP$ views_NNS ._. F03 187 ^ it_PP3 's_BEZ up_RP to_IN you_PP2 now_RN to_TO give_VB me_PP1O an_AT F03 187 opportunity_NN of_IN putting_VBG them_PP3OS into_IN F03 188 practice_NN ._. ^ a_AT stronger_JJR finish_NN *-_*- and_CC a_AT F03 188 stronger_JJR candidate_NN !_! F03 189 ^ note_VB :_: ^ it_PP3 's_BEZ a_AT good_JJ plan_NN to_TO memorize_VB F03 189 your_PP$ beginning_NN and_CC your_PP$ F03 190 ending_NN ._. F03 192 ^ one_CD1 speaker_NN predicts_VBZ that_CS unemployment_NN will_MD F03 192 considerably_RB F03 193 increase_VB ._. ^ but_CC another_DT puts_VBZ it_PP3 this_DT way_NN :_: ^ F03 193 half_ABN the_ATI working-men_NNS in_IN F03 194 the_ATI country_NN will_MD line_VB up_RP at_IN the_ATI labour_NN F03 194 exchange_NN ._. F03 195 ^ six_CD words_NNS only_RB *-_*- line_VB up_RP at_IN the_ATI F03 195 labour_NN exchange_NN *-_*- but_CC F03 196 enough_DTI to_TO make_VB vividly_RB clear_JJ to_IN you_PP2 what_WDT F03 196 he_PP3A has_HVZ in_IN mind_NN ._. ^ he_PP3A presents_VBZ F03 197 you_PP2 with_IN a_AT picture_NN ,_, and_CC it_PP3 flashes_VBZ in_IN F03 197 your_PP$ mind's_NN$ eye_NN ._. ^ you_PP2 see_VB what_WDT F03 198 he_PP3A is_BEZ talking_VBG about_IN ._. F03 199 ^ the_ATI managing_JJ Director_NPT is_BEZ retiring_VBG ._. ^ the_ATI F03 199 senior_JJ employee_NN makes_VBZ a_AT F03 200 presentation_NN and_CC he_PP3A gives_VBZ the_ATI thing_NN a_AT F03 200 seagoing_NN setting_NN ._. ^ he_PP3A calls_VBZ the_ATI F03 201 Director_NPT captain_NN ,_, refers_VBZ to_IN him_PP3O starting_VBG F03 201 as_IN cabin-boy_NN ,_, keeping_VBG F03 202 the_ATI ship_NN off_IN the_ATI rocks_NNS ,_, \0etc_RB F03 203 ._. ^ a_AT sound_JJ idea_NN ._. ^ the_ATI metaphors_NNS give_VB F03 203 life_NN to_IN the_ATI speech_NN ._. F03 204 ^ simple_JJ words_NNS and_CC homely_JJ phrases_NNS give_VB the_ATI F03 204 clearest_JJT pictures_NNS ._. F03 205 ^ let_VB some_PN one_PN" say_VB :_: ~ it_PP3 's_BEZ like_IN using_VBG F03 205 a_AT sledgehammer_NN to_TO crack_VB a_AT nut_NN !_! *-_*- F03 206 and_CC at_RB once_RB" you_PP2 get_VB his_PP$ meaning_NN ._. ^ but_CC F03 206 :_: using_VBG a_AT great_JJ output_NN of_IN F03 207 energy_NN for_IN an_AT exiguous_JJ purpose_NN (_( it_PP3 means_VBZ F03 207 the_ATI same_AP thing_NN !_! )_) gives_VBZ you_PP2 F03 208 no_ATI picture_NN at_IN all_ABN ._. F03 209 ^ so_RB ,_, in_IN preparing_VBG your_PP$ speech_NN ,_, search_VB F03 209 for_IN the_ATI homely_JJ phrase_NN and_CC F03 210 the_ATI simple_JJ illustration_NN ._. ^ and_CC then_RN in_IN giving_VBG F03 210 your_PP$ speech_NN ,_, you_PP2 in_IN F03 211 effect_NN give_VB your_PP$ hearers_NNS a_AT series_NN of_IN F03 211 pictures_NNS ._. F04 2 ^ what_WDT looked_VBD ominously_RB like_IN a_AT pair_NN of_IN legs_NNS F04 2 was_BEDZ showing_VBG under_IN the_ATI F04 3 seat_NN in_IN a_AT second-class_JJ compartment_NN ._. ^ his_PP$ F04 3 fears_NNS were_BED realized_VBN when_WRB some_DTI F04 4 porters_NNS helped_VBD him_PP3O to_TO lift_VB out_RP the_ATI body_NN F04 4 of_IN a_AT woman_NN ._. F04 5 ^ still_RB puzzling_VBG as_IN to_IN" what_WDT could_MD have_HV F04 5 happened_VBN to_IN his_PP$ fiance*?2e_NN ,_, F04 6 Edward_NP Berry_NP at_RB first_RB" watched_VBD the_ATI growing_JJ F04 6 group_NN of_IN excited_JJ railway_NN F04 7 officials_NNS farther_RBR up_RP the_ATI platform_NN ._. ^ when_WRB F04 7 he_PP3A learned_VBD what_WDT was_BEDZ causing_VBG F04 8 the_ATI commotion_NN he_PP3A became_VBD greatly_RB alarmed_JJ ,_, F04 8 and_CC after_CS the_ATI body_NN had_HVD been_BEN F04 9 taken_VBN to_IN \0St_NPT Thomas's_NP$ Hospital_NPL it_PP3 was_BEDZ F04 9 his_PP$ grief-stricken_JJ duty_NN F04 10 formally_RB to_TO identify_VB Elizabeth_NP Camp_NP ,_, aged_JJ F04 10 thirty-three_CD ,_, the_ATI girl_NN who_WPR F04 11 was_BEDZ to_TO have_HV been_BEN his_PP$ bride_NN ._. F04 12 ^ there_EX was_BEDZ little_AP doubt_NN of_IN how_WRB she_PP3A F04 12 had_HVD met_VBN her_PP$ death_NN ,_, and_CC even_RB F04 13 less_RBR that_CS it_PP3 had_HVD been_BEN murder_NN ._. ^ she_PP3A F04 13 had_HVD been_BEN struck_VBN several_AP times_NNS with_IN F04 14 a_AT blunt_JJ instrument_NN ,_, and_CC her_PP$ head_NN was_BEDZ F04 14 smashed_VBN in_RP ._. ^ there_EX were_BED signs_NNS of_IN F04 15 a_AT violent_JJ struggle_NN ,_, blood_NN on_IN the_ATI cushions_NNS F04 15 and_CC floor_NN ,_, and_CC the_ATI remains_NNS F04 16 of_IN her_PP$ broken_JJ umbrella_NN ._. ^ but_CC a_AT pair_NN of_IN F04 16 bone_NN cuff-links_NNS found_VBN in_IN the_ATI F04 17 compartment_NN seemed_VBD to_TO provide_VB the_ATI only_AP possible_JJ F04 17 clue_NN to_IN the_ATI killer_NN ._. F04 18 ^ the_ATI body_NN was_BEDZ examined_VBN ,_, and_CC it_PP3 was_BEDZ F04 18 definitely_RB established_VBN that_CS no_ATI F04 19 sexual_JJ assault_NN had_HVD taken_VBN place_NN ._. ^ it_PP3 seemed_VBD F04 19 probable_JJ that_CS the_ATI motive_NN F04 20 had_HVD been_BEN robbery_NN ,_, and_CC this_DT was_BEDZ further_RBR F04 20 confirmed_VBN when_WRB a_AT check_NN was_BEDZ made_VBN F04 21 with_IN the_ATI woman's_NN$ relations_NNS in_IN Hounslow_NP ._. ^ F04 21 Miss_NPT Camp_NP had_HVD been_BEN the_ATI F04 22 housekeeper_NN at_IN the_ATI good_JJ intent_NN ,_, a_AT public-house_NN F04 22 in_IN Walworth_NP ._. ^ her_PP$ day_NN F04 23 off_RP was_BEDZ Thursday_NR ,_, and_CC before_IN coming_VBG up_RP to_IN F04 23 London_NP in_IN the_ATI evening_NN she_PP3A F04 24 had_HVD called_VBN on_IN her_PP$ two_CD sisters_NNS ,_, one_CD1 of_IN F04 24 whom_WPOR lived_VBD at_IN Hammersmith_NP and_CC F04 25 the_ATI other_AP at_IN Hounslow_NP ,_, where_WRB she_PP3A kept_VBD a_AT F04 25 shop_NN ._. F04 26 ^ Elizabeth_NP had_HVD left_VBN Hammersmith_NP in_IN the_ATI late_JJ F04 26 afternoon_NN ,_, and_CC arrived_VBD F04 27 at_IN Hounslow_NP around_IN 5_CD \0P.M_RB ,_, where_WRB she_PP3A F04 27 had_HVD tea_NN with_IN her_PP$ other_AP F04 28 sister_NN ,_, and_CC then_RN went_VBD to_TO catch_VB the_ATI 7.42_CD F04 28 ._. ^ her_PP$ sister_NN saw_VBD her_PP3O to_IN the_ATI F04 29 station_NN ,_, helping_VBG her_PP3O with_IN some_DTI of_IN her_PP$ F04 29 packages_NNS ._. ^ this_DT sister_NN was_BEDZ able_JJ F04 30 to_TO establish_VB that_CS she_PP3A had_HVD carried_VBN a_AT green_JJ F04 30 purse_NN and_CC had_HVD bought_VBN a_AT F04 31 railway_NN ticket_NN ._. ^ but_CC both_ABX purse_NN and_CC ticket_NN F04 31 ,_, and_CC the_ATI packages_NNS ,_, were_BED F04 32 gone_VBN when_WRB the_ATI body_NN was_BEDZ found_VBN at_IN Waterloo_NP F04 32 ._. ^ neither_DTX the_ATI sisters_NNS nor_CC F04 33 \0Mr_NPT Berry_NP thought_VBD it_PP3 likely_JJ that_CS she_PP3A had_HVD F04 33 been_BEN carrying_VBG much_AP money_NN ._. F04 34 ^ a_AT porter_NN at_IN Hounslow_NP supported_VBD the_ATI F04 34 sister's_NN$ statement_NN that_CS F04 35 Elizabeth_NP Camp_NP had_HVD been_BEN alone_JJ in_IN her_PP$ F04 35 compartment_NN when_WRB the_ATI train_NN left_VBD ,_, F04 36 but_CC this_DT did_DOD not_XNOT help_VB much_RB ,_, since_CS it_PP3 F04 36 had_HVD made_VBN stops_NNS at_IN nine_CD stations_NNS F04 37 before_IN Waterloo_NP ._. F04 38 ^ the_ATI police_NNS began_VBD a_AT systematic_JJ search_NN of_IN F04 38 the_ATI line_NN *-_*- no_ATI easy_JJ task_NN ,_, F04 39 but_CC one_CD1 in_IN which_WDTR patience_NN and_CC method_NN paid_VBD F04 39 off_RP ._. ^ at_IN a_AT spot_NN on_IN the_ATI F04 40 embankment_NN between_IN Putney_NP and_CC Wandsworth_NP they_PP3AS F04 40 found_VBD a_AT bloodstained_JJ F04 41 pestle_NN such_CS as_CS" chemists_NNS use_VB ,_, with_IN some_DTI F04 41 hairs_NNS sticking_VBG to_IN it_PP3 ._. ^ the_ATI F04 42 murder_NN weapon_NN ,_, more_RB than_RB" likely_RB ,_, and_CC F04 42 perhaps_RB evidence_NN enough_DTI to_TO have_HV F04 43 brought_VBN a_AT killer_NN to_IN book_NN in_IN modern_JJ times_NNS ._. ^ F04 43 but_CC in_IN 1897_CD ,_, alas_UH !_! there_EX F04 44 was_BEDZ no_ATI fingerprint_NN bureau_NN ,_, no_ATI experts_NNS to_TO F04 44 check_VB and_CC photograph_VB any_DTI F04 45 *'_*' dabs_NNS **'_**' it_PP3 might_MD have_HV yielded_VBN ._. F04 46 ^ it_PP3 was_BEDZ a_AT tough_JJ case_NN to_TO tackle_VB ,_, and_CC F04 46 Superintendent_NPT Robinson_NP ,_, of_IN F04 47 the_ATI \0L.S.W.R_NP police_NNS ,_, and_CC chief_JJB Inspector_NPT F04 47 Marshall_NP ,_, of_IN F04 48 Scotland_NP Yard_NPL ,_, combined_VBD forces_NNS in_IN the_ATI F04 48 investigation_NN ._. ^ while_CS accepting_VBG F04 49 the_ATI likelihood_NN that_CS Miss_NPT Camp_NP had_HVD been_BEN F04 49 attacked_VBN for_IN the_ATI sake_NN of_IN F04 50 robbery_NN ,_, they_PP3AS did_DOD not_XNOT overlook_VB the_ATI F04 50 possibility_NN that_CS this_DT might_MD have_HV F04 51 disguised_VBN another_DT motive_NN ,_, and_CC a_AT thorough_JJ check_NN F04 51 of_IN her_PP$ former_AP men_NNS F04 52 friends_NNS and_CC acquaintances_NNS began_VBD ._. F04 53 ^ they_PP3AS also_RB had_HVD to_TO cope_VB with_IN the_ATI usual_JJ F04 53 flood_NN of_IN rumours_NNS ,_, some_DTI well_RB F04 54 meant_VBN ,_, some_DTI mischievous_JJ ,_, including_IN one_CD1 that_CS F04 54 a_AT man_NN had_HVD been_BEN seen_VBN F04 55 fleeing_VBG from_IN Vauxhall_NP station_NN on_IN the_ATI Thursday_NR F04 55 evening_NN ,_, with_IN blood_NN F04 56 actually_RB dripping_VBG from_IN his_PP$ hands_NNS ._. F04 57 ^ the_ATI inquest_NN was_BEDZ opened_VBN on_IN February_NR 17_CD ,_, F04 57 but_CC ,_, beyond_IN the_ATI jury_NN F04 58 hearing_VBG a_AT formal_JJ identification_NN of_IN the_ATI victim_NN F04 58 and_CC inspecting_VBG at_IN F04 59 Waterloo_NP the_ATI carriage_NN in_IN which_WDTR she_PP3A had_HVD F04 59 died_VBN ,_, there_EX was_BEDZ nothing_PN on_IN F04 60 which_WDTR to_TO proceed_VB ,_, and_CC the_ATI inquest_NN was_BEDZ F04 60 adjourned_VBN ._. ^ day_NN by_IN day_NN the_ATI F04 61 police_NNS followed_VBD up_RP likely_JJ and_CC even_RB unlikely_JJ F04 61 trails_NNS ._. ^ it_PP3 was_BEDZ learned_VBN F04 62 that_CS Elizabeth_NP Camp_NP had_HVD been_BEN lending_VBG money_NN F04 62 to_IN her_PP$ relatives_NNS ,_, and_CC her_PP$ F04 63 brother-in-law_NN was_BEDZ asked_VBN for_IN a_AT detailed_JJ account_NN F04 63 of_IN his_PP$ movements_NNS on_IN F04 64 the_ATI 11th_OD ._. F04 65 ^ the_ATI dead_JJ woman_NN had_HVD been_BEN engaged_VBN once_RB F04 65 before_RI *-_*- to_IN a_AT barman_NN named_VBN F04 66 Brown_NP ._. ^ this_DT man_NN agreed_VBD that_CS his_PP$ engagement_NN F04 66 had_HVD been_BEN broken_VBN off_RP after_IN F04 67 one_CD1 particular_JJ tiff_NN ,_, but_CC denied_VBD that_CS he_PP3A F04 67 owed_VBD Miss_NPT Camp_NP any_DTI money_NN ._. F04 68 ^ all_ABN the_ATI while_NN the_ATI police_NNS were_BED casting_VBG F04 68 about_RP for_IN a_AT man_NN who_WPR had_HVD F04 69 been_BEN seen_VBN leaving_VBG the_ATI train_NN at_IN Wandsworth_NP ._. ^ F04 69 a_AT passenger_NN described_VBD this_DT F04 70 individual_NN as_IN a_AT man_NN of_IN about_RB thirty_CD ,_, of_IN F04 70 medium_JJB height_NN ,_, with_IN a_AT dark_JJ F04 71 moustache_NN ,_, and_CC wearing_VBG a_AT frockcoat_NN and_CC a_AT F04 71 top-hat_NN ._. ^ the_ATI porter_NN at_IN the_ATI F04 72 station_NN bore_VBD out_RP this_DT description_NN ,_, but_CC the_ATI F04 72 man_NN was_BEDZ not_XNOT traced_VBN ._. F04 73 ^ perhaps_RB the_ATI news_NN of_IN their_PP$ search_NN got_VBD F04 73 around_RP ,_, for_CS a_AT man_NN did_DOD obligingly_RB F04 74 present_VB himself_PPL at_IN Wandsworth_NP police-station_NN ,_, F04 74 claiming_VBG to_TO have_HV F04 75 committed_VBN the_ATI murder_NN *-_*- but_CC he_PP3A was_BEDZ F04 75 mentally_RB defective_JJ ,_, and_CC ,_, despite_IN his_PP$ F04 76 claim_NN to_IN infamy_NN ,_, had_HVD been_BEN nowhere_RB near_IN F04 76 the_ATI 7.42_CD that_DT evening_NN ._. F04 77 ^ even_RB the_ATI bone_NN cuff-links_NNS found_VBN beside_IN the_ATI F04 77 body_NN ,_, which_WDTR had_HVD at_RB F04 78 first_RB" been_BEN considered_VBN as_CS belonging_VBG to_IN the_ATI F04 78 killer_NN ,_, proved_VBD yet_RB another_DT F04 79 red_JJ herring_NN ,_, for_CS it_PP3 was_BEDZ learned_VBN that_CS F04 79 they_PP3AS had_HVD been_BEN borrowed_VBN by_IN F04 80 Elizabeth_NP Camp_NP from_IN one_CD1 of_IN her_PP$ sisters_NNS ._. F04 81 ^ a_AT young_JJ man_NN from_IN Reading_NP named_VBN Marshall_NP F04 81 had_HVD an_AT uncomfortable_JJ time_NN F04 82 in_IN the_ATI presence_NN of_IN the_ATI coroner_NN ._. ^ this_DT man_NN F04 82 was_BEDZ known_VBN to_TO have_HV left_VBN his_PP$ F04 83 home_NR on_IN February_NR 11_CD ,_, and_CC to_TO have_HV been_BEN F04 83 away_RP for_IN four_CD days_NNS ._. ^ not_XNOT in_IN F04 84 itself_PPL a_AT crime_NN ,_, but_CC ,_, added_VBN to_IN the_ATI F04 84 knowledge_NN that_CS he_PP3A had_HVD gone_VBN shopping_VBG F04 85 in_IN the_ATI town_NN of_IN Guildford_NP for_IN a_AT false_JJ F04 85 moustache_NN ,_, it_PP3 left_VBD him_PP3O with_IN F04 86 something_PN to_TO explain_VB ._. ^ his_PP$ story_NN was_BEDZ that_CS F04 86 he_PP3A had_HVD left_VBN home_NR to_TO try_VB to_TO F04 87 join_VB the_ATI army_NN (_( presumably_RB feeling_VBG that_CS a_AT F04 87 moustache_NN might_MD enhance_VB his_PP$ F04 88 military_JJ bearing_NN )_) ,_, and_CC this_DT was_BEDZ accepted_VBN ._. F04 89 ^ and_CC so_RB the_ATI inquest_NN ,_, which_WDTR had_HVD dragged_VBN F04 89 on_RP ,_, with_IN adjournments_NNS ,_, F04 90 until_IN April_NR 7_CD ,_, finally_RB had_HVD to_TO be_BE content_JJ F04 90 to_TO return_VB a_AT verdict_NN of_IN F04 91 *'_*' wilful_JJ murder_NN against_IN some_DTI person_NN or_CC F04 91 persons_NNS unknown_JJ ._. **'_**' ^ the_ATI most_QL F04 92 vital_JJ clue_NN of_IN the_ATI Wedgwood_NP pestle_NN had_HVD been_BEN F04 92 of_IN no_ATI assistance_NN ._. ^ the_ATI F04 93 killer_NN must_MD have_HV been_BEN very_QL thankful_JJ that_CS the_ATI F04 93 science_NN of_IN dactyloscopy_NN F04 94 was_BEDZ only_RB in_IN its_PP$ beginnings_NNS ._. F04 95 ^ the_ATI next_AP female_JJ fatality_NN occurred_VBD eight_CD F04 95 years_NNS later_RBR ,_, yet_CC so_QL F04 96 strange_JJ were_BED the_ATI circumstances_NNS that_CS it_PP3 was_BEDZ F04 96 a_AT further_JJB seven_CD years_NNS F04 97 before_RI even_RB a_AT ghost_NN of_IN a_AT solution_NN emerged_VBD ._. F04 98 ^ there_EX has_HVZ always_RB been_BEN something_PN sinister_JJ in_IN F04 98 the_ATI idea_NN of_IN tunnels_NNS ._. F04 99 ^ the_ATI building_NN of_IN them_PP3OS was_BEDZ one_CD1 of_IN the_ATI F04 99 most_QL dangerous_JJ jobs_NNS connected_VBN F04 100 with_IN railway_NN construction_NN ;_; and_CC there_EX were_BED many_AP F04 100 people_NNS who_WPR believed_VBD F04 101 that_CS to_TO travel_VB through_IN tunnels_NNS would_MD be_BE an_AT F04 101 equally_RB hazardous_JJ business_NN ._. F04 102 ^ some_DTI thought_VBD that_CS the_ATI result_NN would_MD be_BE F04 102 all_ABN sorts_NNS of_IN horrible_JJ F04 103 illnesses_NNS brought_VBN on_RP by_IN the_ATI confined_JJ atmosphere_NN F04 103 ._. ^ *'_*' the_ATI shareholders_NNS F04 104 who_WPR travel_VB by_IN it_PP3 will_MD be_BE so_QL heartily_RB sick_JJ F04 104 ,_, what_WDT with_IN the_ATI foul_JJ air_NN ,_, F04 105 smoke_NN and_CC sulphur_NN ,_, that_CS the_ATI mention_NN of_IN a_AT F04 105 railway_NN will_MD be_BE worse_JJR than_IN F04 106 Ipecacuanha_NP ,_, **'_**' wrote_VBD an_AT anti-railway_JJB F04 106 industrialist_NN when_WRB it_PP3 was_BEDZ F04 107 proposed_VBN to_TO build_VB the_ATI Box_NP tunnel_NN ._. F04 108 ^ the_ATI mere_JJB thought_NN of_IN subterranean_JJ travel_NN F04 108 gave_VBD others_APS a_AT feeling_NN of_IN F04 109 danger_NN ._. ^ a_AT medical_JJ journal_NN said_VBD ,_, *'_*' the_ATI F04 109 deafening_JJ peal_NN of_IN thunder_NN ,_, the_ATI F04 110 sudden_JJ immersion_NN in_IN gloom_NN ,_, and_CC the_ATI clash_NN of_IN F04 110 reverberated_JJ sounds_NNS in_IN a_AT F04 111 confined_JJ space_NN combine_VB to_TO produce_VB a_AT momentary_JJ F04 111 shudder_NN ,_, or_CC idea_NN of_IN F04 112 destruction_NN ,_, a_AT thrill_NN of_IN annihilation_NN ._. **'_**' ^ F04 112 it_PP3 was_BEDZ also_RB prophesied_VBN that_CS F04 113 passengers_NNS would_MD be_BE robbed_VBN and_CC assaulted_VBN in_IN F04 113 the_ATI darkness_NN ._. F04 114 ^ for_IN all_ABN that_DT ,_, as_QL far_RB as_CS England_NP is_BEZ F04 114 concerned_VBN ,_, there_EX have_HV been_BEN F04 115 only_RB two_CD occasions_NNS on_IN which_WDTR a_AT body_NN has_HVZ F04 115 been_BEN found_VBN in_IN a_AT tunnel_NN in_IN F04 116 circumstances_NNS pointing_VBG to_TO murder_VB ._. F04 117 ^ the_ATI first_OD was_BEDZ that_DT of_IN \0Mr_NPT Gold_NP ,_, in_IN F04 117 the_ATI famous_JJ Lefroy_NP case_NN ,_, and_CC F04 118 by_IN an_AT odd_JJ chance_NN the_ATI second_OD tragedy_NN occurred_VBD F04 118 on_IN the_ATI same_AP line_NN ,_, F04 119 although_CS this_DT time_NN the_ATI victim_NN was_BEDZ a_AT woman_NN F04 119 ._. F04 120 ^ though_CS in_IN the_ATI minds_NNS of_IN most_AP people_NNS F04 120 there_EX was_BEDZ no_ATI doubt_NN that_CS the_ATI F04 121 woman_NN had_HVD been_BEN the_ATI victim_NN of_IN foul_JJ play_NN ,_, F04 121 the_ATI verdict_NN brought_VBN in_RP was_BEDZ F04 122 that_CS there_EX was_BEDZ not_XNOT sufficient_JJ evidence_NN to_TO F04 122 show_VB whether_CS she_PP3A had_HVD fallen_VBN F04 123 or_CC been_BEN thrown_VBN from_IN a_AT train_NN ._. F04 124 ^ the_ATI Merstham_NP tunnel_NN ,_, on_IN the_ATI F04 124 London-to-Brighton_NP line_NN ,_, is_BEZ F04 125 approximately_RB one_CD1 mile_NN long_JJ ,_, and_CC some_DTI time_NN F04 125 before_IN midnight_NN on_IN F04 126 September_NR 24_CD ,_, 1905_CD ,_, a_AT Sunday_NR ,_, Sub-Inspector_NPT F04 126 Peacock_NP ,_, of_IN the_ATI London_NP ,_, F04 127 Brighton_NP and_CC south_NR coast_NN railway_NN ,_, who_WPR was_BEDZ F04 127 in_IN charge_NN of_IN a_AT gang_NN of_IN men_NNS F04 128 engaged_VBN in_IN relining_VBG the_ATI tunnel_NN ,_, was_BEDZ F04 128 walking_VBG through_RP when_WRB he_PP3A stumbled_VBD F04 129 over_IN something_PN in_IN the_ATI darkness_NN ._. F04 130 ^ it_PP3 was_BEDZ the_ATI battered_JJ and_CC broken_JJ body_NN of_IN F04 130 a_AT woman_NN ._. ^ he_PP3A sent_VBD word_NN F04 131 straight_RB away_RP to_IN near-by_JJB Merstham_NP station_NN ,_, and_CC F04 131 a_AT stretcher_NN party_NN took_VBD F04 132 the_ATI body_NN to_IN the_ATI Feathers_NP Hotel_NPL to_TO await_VB F04 132 identification_NN ._. ^ was_BEDZ it_PP3 a_AT case_NN F04 133 of_IN suicide_NN ,_, where_WRB some_DTI unhappy_JJ soul_NN had_HVD F04 133 walked_VBN deliberately_RB into_IN the_ATI F04 134 blackness_NN and_CC into_IN the_ATI path_NN of_IN some_DTI train_NN ?_? F04 135 ^ this_DT hardly_RB seemed_VBD likely_JJ ,_, since_CS ,_, when_WRB F04 135 she_PP3A was_BEDZ examined_VBN by_IN a_AT F04 136 local_JJ doctor_NN ,_, the_ATI woman_NN ,_, young_JJ ,_, small_JJ ,_, F04 136 and_CC rather_RB plump_JJ ,_, was_BEDZ found_VBN to_TO F04 137 have_HV her_PP$ own_AP silk_NN scarf_NN drawn_VBN almost_RB tight_RB F04 137 enough_QLP to_TO strangle_VB her_PP3O ,_, and_CC F04 138 the_ATI ends_NNS thrust_VBN in_IN her_PP$ mouth_NN like_IN a_AT gag_NN F04 138 ._. ^ both_ABX her_PP$ wrists_NNS bore_VBD the_ATI F04 139 marks_NNS of_IN severe_JJ bruising_NN ,_, and_CC there_EX were_BED F04 139 other_AP injuries_NNS on_IN her_PP$ body_NN F04 140 which_WDTR had_HVD occurred_VBN before_CS her_PP$ death_NN was_BEDZ F04 140 ensured_VBN by_IN some_DTI train_NN which_WDTR F04 141 had_HVD roared_VBN through_IN the_ATI tunnel_NN ._. F04 142 ^ there_EX were_BED no_ATI letters_NNS or_CC papers_NNS found_VBN F04 142 on_IN her_PP3O to_TO assist_VB F04 143 identification_NN ,_, no_ATI money_NN ,_, and_CC no_ATI railway_NN F04 143 ticket_NN ._. ^ by_IN then_RN reports_NNS were_BED F04 144 being_BEG gathered_VBN about_IN all_ABN traffic_NN over_IN this_DT F04 144 stretch_NN of_IN line_NN ,_, but_CC no_ATI F04 145 information_NN was_BEDZ forthcoming_JJ about_IN any_DTI carriage_NN F04 145 with_IN an_AT open_JJ door_NN ,_, nor_CC F04 146 any_DTI passenger_NN reporting_VBG an_AT incident_NN which_WDTR F04 146 might_MD relate_VB ._. F04 147 ^ so_RB the_ATI body_NN of_IN this_DT small_JJ girl_NN with_IN F04 147 the_ATI blue_JJ eyes_NNS and_CC long_JJ brown_JJ F04 148 hair_NN in_IN a_AT bun_NN at_IN the_ATI back_NN of_IN her_PP$ head_NN F04 148 remained_VBD a_AT mystery_NN until_CS later_RBR F04 149 the_ATI following_JJ day_NN ._. ^ during_IN that_DT time_NN a_AT F04 149 description_NN of_IN the_ATI girl_NN was_BEDZ F04 150 circulated_VBN ,_, and_CC a_AT \0Mr_NPT Robert_NP Money_NP came_VBD F04 150 forward_RB to_TO identify_VB her_PP3O as_IN F04 151 his_PP$ sister_NN ,_, Mary_NP Money_NP ,_, aged_JJ twenty-two_CD ._. ^ F04 151 the_ATI girl_NN ,_, who_WPR was_BEDZ described_VBN F04 152 as_CS being_BEG *'_*' always_RB bright_JJ and_CC jolly_JJ ,_, **'_**' F04 152 had_HVD been_BEN unmarried_JJ ,_, and_CC lived_VBD F04 153 at_IN Lavender_NP Hill_NPL ,_, Clapham_NP ,_, on_IN the_ATI F04 153 premises_NNS of_IN a_AT dairyman_NN ,_, Bridger_NP ,_, for_IN F04 154 whom_WPOR she_PP3A worked_VBD as_IN a_AT book-keeper_NN ._. F04 155 ^ on_IN the_ATI Sunday_NR ,_, the_ATI day_NN of_IN her_PP$ death_NN F04 155 ,_, she_PP3A had_HVD gone_VBN out_RP in_IN the_ATI F04 156 evening_NN at_IN about_RB seven_CD o'clock_RB ,_, telling_VBG her_PP$ F04 156 room-mate_NN ,_, Emma_NP Hone_NP ,_, that_CS F04 157 she_PP3A was_BEDZ going_VBG for_IN a_AT walk_NN ,_, but_CC would_MD F04 157 not_XNOT be_BE gone_VBN for_IN long_RB ._. ^ according_IN F04 158 to_IN" Miss_NPT Hone_NP ,_, she_PP3A had_HVD not_XNOT been_BEN F04 158 carrying_VBG a_AT handbag_NN ,_, but_CC she_PP3A believed_VBD F04 159 she_PP3A had_HVD had_HVN a_AT small_JJ purse_NN ._. F04 160 ^ Mary_NP had_HVD certainly_RB taken_VBN some_DTI money_NN with_IN F04 160 her_PP3O ,_, for_CS the_ATI police_NNS F04 161 traced_VBD her_PP$ movements_NNS to_IN a_AT shop_NN in_IN Clapham_NP F04 161 ,_, where_WRB she_PP3A had_HVD bought_VBN some_DTI F04 162 chocolate_NN ._. ^ Miss_NPT Golding_NP ,_, who_WPR kept_VBD the_ATI F04 162 sweet_NN shop_NN in_IN the_ATI Station_NPL F04 163 Approach_NPL near_IN Clapham_NP Junction_NP ,_, knew_VBD Mary_NP F04 163 well_RB ,_, and_CC knew_VBD she_PP3A was_BEDZ fond_JJ F04 164 of_IN sweets_NNS ;_; and_CC in_IN the_ATI brief_JJ conversation_NN F04 164 they_PP3AS had_HVD had_HVN she_PP3A recalled_VBD F04 165 that_CS the_ATI girl_NN had_HVD said_VBN she_PP3A was_BEDZ going_VBG F04 165 to_IN Victoria_NP *-_*- hardly_RB the_ATI short_JJ F04 166 walk_NN she_PP3A had_HVD suggested_VBN to_IN the_ATI friend_NN who_WPR F04 166 shared_VBD her_PP$ room_NN ._. F04 167 ^ at_IN Clapham_NP Junction_NP a_AT ticket-collector_NN was_BEDZ F04 167 able_JJ to_TO identify_VB a_AT F04 168 photograph_NN of_IN the_ATI girl_NN ,_, and_CC he_PP3A said_VBD he_PP3A F04 168 had_HVD last_RB seen_VBN her_PP3O on_IN platform_NN F04 169 six_CD waiting_VBG to_TO board_VB a_AT train_NN for_IN the_ATI short_JJ F04 169 run_NN to_IN Victoria_NP ._. ^ a_AT F04 170 passenger_NN at_IN Victoria_NP said_VBD he_PP3A had_HVD seen_VBN a_AT F04 170 young_JJ lady_NN *'_*' as_QL near_RI as_CS F04 171 possible_JJ **'_**' like_IN the_ATI photograph_NN shown_VBN him_PP3O F04 171 ,_, with_IN a_AT man_NN *'_*' very_QL close_RB in_IN F04 172 conversation_NN and_CC walking_VBG arm_NN in_IN arm_NN ._. **'_**' F04 173 ^ a_AT guard_NN reported_VBD that_CS at_IN East_NP Croydon_NP F04 173 he_PP3A had_HVD seen_VBN what_WDT was_BEDZ F04 174 accepted_VBN as_IN the_ATI same_AP couple_NN sitting_VBG close_RB F04 174 together_RB in_IN a_AT first-class_JJ F04 175 compartment_NN of_IN the_ATI train_NN from_IN London_NP Bridge_NPL F04 175 of_IN which_WDTR he_PP3A was_BEDZ in_IN charge_NN ._. F04 176 ^ the_ATI two_CD could_MD have_HV joined_VBN this_DT train_NN by_IN F04 176 taking_VBG one_CD1 from_IN Victoria_NP and_CC F04 177 changing_VBG at_IN East_NP Croydon_NP ._. ^ he_PP3A also_RB F04 177 believed_VBD that_CS they_PP3AS had_HVD still_RB been_BEN F04 178 together_RB at_IN South_NP Croydon_NP ,_, and_CC he_PP3A remembered_VBD F04 178 that_CS when_WRB they_PP3AS reached_VBD F04 179 Redhill_NP ,_, after_IN passing_VBG through_IN Merstham_NP tunnel_NN F04 179 ,_, a_AT man_NN who_WPR might_MD have_HV F04 180 been_BEN the_ATI companion_NN of_IN the_ATI girl_NN had_HVD left_VBN F04 180 the_ATI train_NN ._. F04 181 ^ medical_JJ evidence_NN established_VBD that_CS Mary_NP Money_NP F04 181 had_HVD been_BEN dead_JJ for_IN F04 182 about_RB an_AT hour_NN before_CS her_PP$ body_NN was_BEDZ F04 182 discovered_VBN ,_, and_CC this_DT matched_VBD F04 183 reasonably_RB well_RB with_IN the_ATI timetable_NN of_IN the_ATI F04 183 train_NN in_IN question_NN ._. F04 184 ^ more_AP important_JJ evidence_NN came_VBD from_IN a_AT F04 184 signalman_NN at_IN Purley_NP Oaks_NP ,_, who_WPR F04 185 had_HVD seen_VBN ,_, as_CS the_ATI train_NN passed_VBD his_PP$ box_NN F04 185 ,_, a_AT couple_NN struggling_NN in_IN a_AT F04 186 first-class_JJ compartment_NN ;_; but_CC he_PP3A seemed_VBD to_TO F04 186 have_HV been_BEN used_JJ to_IN seeing_VBG F04 187 couples_NNS engaged_VBN in_IN close_JJ embraces_NNS ,_, for_CS he_PP3A F04 187 had_HVD not_XNOT attached_VBN any_DTI F04 188 importance_NN to_IN the_ATI scene_NN at_IN the_ATI time_NN ._. F05 2 ^ there_EX was_BEDZ a_AT division_NN of_IN political_JJ F05 2 responsibility_NN between_IN the_ATI F05 3 federal_JJ government_NN and_CC the_ATI three_CD territorial_JJ F05 3 governments_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI federal_JJ F05 4 assembly_NN would_MD consist_VB of_IN thirty-five_CD members_NNS ,_, F05 4 of_IN whom_WPOR twenty-six_CD F05 5 would_MD represent_VB the_ATI 200,000_CD Europeans_NNPS ._. ^ the_ATI F05 5 6_CD million_CD Africans_NNPS would_MD F05 6 be_BE represented_VBN by_IN six_CD Africans_NNPS and_CC three_CD F05 6 Europeans_NNPS ._. ^ later_JJR amendments_NNS F05 7 of_IN a_AT highly_RB intricate_JJ character_NN increased_VBD the_ATI F05 7 federal_JJ membership_NN to_IN F05 8 fifty-nine_CD ,_, increased_VBD the_ATI membership_NN elected_VBN F05 8 almost_RB wholly_RB by_IN the_ATI F05 9 white_JJ vote_NN from_IN twenty-six_CD to_IN forty-four_CD and_CC F05 9 the_ATI African_JNP F05 10 representation_NN from_IN nine_CD to_IN fifteen_CD ,_, with_IN the_ATI F05 10 new_JJ members_NNS elected_VBN on_IN F05 11 white-predominant_JJ mixed_JJ rolls_NNS ._. ^ it_PP3 did_DOD not_XNOT F05 11 take_VB long_RB before_CS the_ATI F05 12 anti-federationists_NNS felt_VBD their_PP$ fears_NNS were_BED being_BEG F05 12 clearly_RB confirmed_VBN ._. F05 13 ^ as_IN a_AT concession_NN to_IN these_DTS doubts_NNS ,_, it_PP3 F05 13 was_BEDZ stated_VBN that_CS the_ATI active_JJ F05 14 principle_NN behind_IN the_ATI federation's_NN$ racial_JJ policies_NNS F05 14 would_MD be_BE ,_, not_XNOT F05 15 apartheid_NN ,_, but_CC *'_*' partnership_NN **'_**' ._. ^ this_DT F05 15 reassuring_JJ word_NN was_BEDZ never_RB F05 16 precisely_RB defined_VBN ,_, and_CC has_HVZ subsequently_RB been_BEN F05 16 treated_VBN by_IN almost_RB every_AT F05 17 African_NNP with_IN derision_NN ._. ^ at_IN the_ATI same_AP time_NN F05 17 the_ATI constitution_NN provided_VBD for_IN F05 18 an_AT *'_*' African_JNP affairs_NNS board_NN **'_**' which_WDTR F05 18 could_MD appeal_VB direct_RB to_IN the_ATI British_JNP F05 19 government_NN against_IN any_DTI legislation_NN it_PP3 regarded_VBD F05 19 as_CS discriminatory_JJ ._. F05 20 ^ (_( twice_RB it_PP3 did_DOD so_RB appeal_VB ,_, against_IN the_ATI F05 20 constitution_NN amendment_NN act_NN and_CC F05 21 the_ATI 1958_CD electoral_JJ bill_NN ._. ^ both_ABX appeals_NNS F05 21 were_BED immediately_RB rejected_VBN ._. )_) F05 22 ^ Africans_NNPS continued_VBD to_TO remember_VB the_ATI remark_NN of_IN F05 22 Sir_NPT Godfrey_NP Huggins_NP as_IN F05 23 Premier_NPT of_IN Southern_NP Rhodesia_NP in_IN 1934_CD :_: ^ *'_*' F05 23 it_PP3 is_BEZ time_NN for_IN the_ATI people_NNS of_IN F05 24 England_NP to_TO realize_VB that_CS the_ATI white_JJ man_NN in_IN F05 24 Africa_NP is_BEZ not_XNOT prepared_VBN and_CC F05 25 never_RB will_MD be_BE prepared_VBN to_TO accept_VB the_ATI African_NNP F05 25 as_IN an_AT equal_NN either_DTX F05 26 socially_RB or_CC politically_RB ._. **'_**' ^ they_PP3AS continued_VBD F05 26 to_TO remember_VB that_CS whatever_WDT F05 27 Huggins_NP said_VBD about_IN *'_*' partnership_NN **'_**' for_IN F05 27 English_JNP consumption_NN ,_, at_IN home_NR F05 28 he_PP3A defined_VBD it_PP3 as_IN the_ATI sort_NN of_IN partnership_NN F05 28 that_WPR exists_VBZ between_IN a_AT rider_NN F05 29 and_CC his_PP$ horse_NN ._. F05 30 ^ the_ATI Rhodesian_JNP system_NN of_IN *'_*' partnership_NN **'_**' F05 30 ,_, while_CS less_QL crude_JJ and_CC F05 31 blatant_JJ than_IN South_NP Africa's_NP$ apartheid_NN ,_, meant_VBD F05 31 colour_NN F05 32 discrimination_NN almost_RB as_QL pervasive_JJ and_CC ,_, it_PP3 F05 32 was_BEDZ sometimes_RB held_VBN ,_, less_QL F05 33 honest_JJ ._. ^ the_ATI white_JJ population_NN ,_, one-tenth_CD of_IN F05 33 the_ATI whole_NN ,_, owned_VBD half_ABN the_ATI F05 34 land_NN ;_; the_ATI franchise_NN was_BEDZ inexorably_RB loaded_VBN F05 34 against_IN the_ATI African_NNP ,_, pass_NN F05 35 laws_NNS continued_VBD ,_, the_ATI colour-bar_NN ,_, though_CS F05 35 legally_RB modified_VBN in_IN detail_NN from_IN F05 36 time_NN to_IN time_NN ,_, remained_VBD socially_RB inflexible_JJ ,_, F05 36 the_ATI native_JJ affairs_NNS F05 37 department_NN governed_VBD almost_RB every_AT aspect_NN of_IN F05 37 African_JNP life_NN ._. ^ what_WDT had_HVD F05 38 happened_VBN in_IN South_NP Africa_NP after_IN the_ATI union_NN of_IN F05 38 1912_CD happened_VBD in_IN central_JJ F05 39 Africa_NP after_IN the_ATI federation_NN of_IN 1953_CD :_: instead_RB F05 39 of_IN the_ATI tolerant_JJ elements_NNS F05 40 leavening_VBG and_CC liberalizing_VBG the_ATI whole_NN ,_, the_ATI F05 40 reverse_NN took_VBD place_NN ,_, and_CC so_QL F05 41 far_RB from_IN white_JJ opinion_NN mellowing_VBG ,_, it_PP3 F05 41 hardened_VBD ._. ^ Garfield_NP Todd_NP ,_, the_ATI F05 42 moderately_RB progressive_JJ Premier_NPT of_IN Southern_NP Rhodesia_NP F05 42 ,_, was_BEDZ squeezed_VBN out_RP F05 43 of_IN office_NN in_IN 1958_CD ,_, and_CC the_ATI subsequent_JJ F05 43 elections_NNS returned_VBD the_ATI strongly_RB F05 44 federationist_JJ Sir_NPT Edgar_NP Whitehead_NP ._. ^ the_ATI federal_JJ F05 44 government_NN replaced_VBD F05 45 the_ATI powerfully_RB pro-settler_JJB Sir_NPT Godfrey_NP Huggins_NP F05 45 with_IN the_ATI even_RB tougher_JJR F05 46 and_CC more_QL determined_JJ ex-trade_JJB unionist_NN ,_, ex-boxer_NN F05 46 ,_, ex-engine-driver_NN Sir_NPT F05 47 Roy_NP Welensky_NP who_WPR ,_, so_QL far_RB from_IN modifying_VBG F05 47 his_PP$ determination_NN that_CS the_ATI F05 48 Africans_NNPS must_MD never_RB dominate_VB the_ATI federation_NN ,_, F05 48 continued_VBD to_TO reaffirm_VB it_PP3 F05 49 with_IN increasing_JJ vigour_NN and_CC confidence_NN ._. ^ of_IN F05 49 Sir_NPT Roy's_NP$ extreme_JJ rightism_NN F05 50 it_PP3 can_MD only_RB be_BE said_VBN that_CS his_PP$ opponents_NNS F05 50 of_IN the_ATI dominion_NN party_NN ,_, which_WDTR F05 51 leans_VBZ towards_IN the_ATI *'_*' South_NP African_JNP solution_NN F05 51 **'_**' ,_, are_BER even_RB more_QL extreme_JJ ._. F05 52 ^ in_IN all_ABN events_NNS ,_, he_PP3A had_HVD a_AT mandate_NN now_RN F05 52 to_TO press_VB the_ATI British_JNP government_NN F05 53 in_IN 1960_CD for_IN complete_JJ independence_NN for_IN an_AT almost_RB F05 53 exclusively_RB F05 54 white-controlled_JJ federation_NN ._. F05 55 ^ physically_RB ,_, it_PP3 seemed_VBD to_TO begin_VB with_RI ,_, F05 55 federation_NN paid_VBD off_RP :_: F05 56 business_NN boomed_VBD ,_, Salisbury_NP *-_*- capital_NN of_IN both_ABX F05 56 Southern_NP Rhodesia_NP and_CC the_ATI F05 57 federation_NN *-_*- mushroomed_VBD into_IN a_AT significant_JJ city_NN F05 57 ._. ^ all_RB around_RP ,_, the_ATI F05 58 political_JJ storm-clouds_NNS grew_VBD ._. ^ the_ATI settler_NN F05 58 community_NN and_CC their_PP$ F05 59 spokesmen_NNS in_IN London_NP had_HVD argued_VBN that_CS the_ATI F05 59 African_JNP resistance_NN to_IN F05 60 federation_NN had_HVD been_BEN based_VBN only_RB on_IN prejudice_NN F05 60 and_CC ignorance_NN ,_, and_CC would_MD F05 61 disappear_VB as_CS they_PP3AS began_VBD to_TO recognize_VB the_ATI F05 61 solid_JJ benefits_NNS that_WPR it_PP3 F05 62 brought_VBD ._. ^ precisely_RB the_ATI contrary_NN came_VBD to_TO F05 62 pass_VB ._. ^ the_ATI central_JJ Africans_NNPS F05 63 were_BED by_IN now_RN only_RB too_QL well_RB aware_JJ of_IN the_ATI F05 63 yeasty_JJ upsurge_NN of_IN nationalist_JJ F05 64 movements_NNS all_RB around_IN them_PP3OS ,_, while_CS they_PP3AS F05 64 remained_VBD groping_VBG in_IN the_ATI stagnant_JJ F05 65 pool_NN ._. ^ with_IN virtually_RB no_ATI practical_JJ means_NNS of_IN F05 65 political_JJ self-expression_NN ,_, F05 66 nationalist_JJ movements_NNS grew_VBD inwards_RB upon_IN F05 66 themselves_PPLS ._. ^ in_IN each_DT of_IN the_ATI F05 67 territories_NNS the_ATI usual_JJ *'_*' African_JNP national_JJ F05 67 congress_NN **'_**' existed_VBD ._. ^ in_IN F05 68 Southern_NP Rhodesia_NP it_PP3 had_HVD sunk_VBN into_IN inactivity_NN F05 68 ,_, but_CC revived_VBN with_IN the_ATI F05 69 emotions_NNS against_IN federation_NN ._. ^ in_IN Northern_NP F05 69 Rhodesia_NP it_PP3 was_BEDZ active_JJ but_CC F05 70 divided_JJ ;_; a_AT movement_NN against_IN the_ATI congress_NN F05 70 President_NPT ,_, Harry_NP Nkumbula_NP ,_, F05 71 charged_VBD him_PP3O with_IN softness_NN and_CC tolerance_NN and_CC F05 71 in_IN 1958_CD a_AT breakaway_JJB group_NN F05 72 was_BEDZ formed_VBN called_VBN the_ATI *'_*' Zambia_NP African_JNP F05 72 congress_NN **'_**' ,_, led_VBN by_IN the_ATI F05 73 ex-schoolmaster_NN Kenneth_NP Kaunda_NP ._. ^ then_RN ,_, as_IN the_ATI F05 73 united_JJ national_JJ F05 74 independence_NN party_NN ,_, \0Mr_NPT Kaunda's_NP$ group_NN F05 74 promised_VBD independence_NN by_IN F05 75 October_NR 1960_CD ,_, which_WDTR was_BEDZ rash_JJ ._. F05 76 ^ the_ATI potentialities_NNS for_IN conflict_NN existed_VBD in_IN F05 76 all_ABN three_CD countries_NNS ,_, F05 77 but_CC it_PP3 was_BEDZ in_IN Nyasaland_NP that_CS the_ATI F05 77 nationalist_JJ organization_NN developed_VBD F05 78 its_PP$ greatest_JJT energy_NN ._. ^ the_ATI Nyasaland_NP congress_NN F05 78 had_HVD been_BEN formed_VBN in_IN 1950_CD ;_; F05 79 the_ATI institution_NN of_IN federation_NN three_CD years_NNS later_RBR F05 79 provided_VBD it_PP3 with_IN its_PP$ F05 80 raison_NN d'e*?5tre_NN" ,_, and_CC in_IN 1958_CD it_PP3 received_VBD F05 80 at_RB last_RB" the_ATI genuine_JJ F05 81 leadership_NN and_CC stimulation_NN it_PP3 had_HVD awaited_VBN ._. ^ F05 81 \0Dr_NPT Hastings_NP Banda_NP ,_, after_IN F05 82 forty_CD years_NNS away_RP from_IN his_PP$ homeland_NN ,_, returned_VBD F05 82 ,_, bursting_VBG with_IN vigour_NN ,_, to_TO F05 83 be_BE instantly_RB elected_VBN President_NPT of_IN Congress_NP ._. ^ F05 83 \0Dr_NPT Banda_NP had_HVD been_BEN a_AT F05 84 doctor_NN in_IN north_NR London_NP most_AP of_IN the_ATI time_NN ,_, F05 84 combining_VBG the_ATI practice_NN of_IN F05 85 medicine_NN with_IN political_JJ campaigning_NN for_IN African_JNP F05 85 causes_NNS ._. ^ for_IN the_ATI three_CD F05 86 years_NNS before_IN his_PP$ return_NN he_PP3A had_HVD been_BEN in_IN F05 86 Ghana_NP ._. ^ in_IN the_ATI summer_NN of_IN 1958_CD F05 87 he_PP3A had_HVD a_AT sensationally_RB triumphant_JJ return_NN ._. ^ F05 87 he_PP3A brought_VBD with_IN him_PP3O a_AT F05 88 western_JJ education_NN ,_, an_AT African_JNP sense_NN of_IN values_NNS F05 88 ,_, a_AT keen_JJ sense_NN of_IN F05 89 political_JJ organization_NN and_CC a_AT biting_JJ oratorical_JJ F05 89 gift_NN ._. ^ Hastings_NP Banda_NP F05 90 had_HVD something_PN messianic_JJ for_IN the_ATI people_NNS of_IN F05 90 Nyasaland_NP ._. F05 91 ^ seven_CD months_NNS after_IN \0Dr_NPT Banda's_NP$ return_NN F05 91 the_ATI first_OD trouble_NN came_VBD ._. F05 92 ^ fifteen_CD Africans_NNPS were_BED arrested_VBN in_IN February_NR F05 92 1959_CD for_IN holding_VBG an_AT F05 93 unauthorized_JJ meeting_NN in_IN the_ATI northern_JJ province_NN of_IN F05 93 Nyasaland_NP ._. ^ the_ATI jail_NN F05 94 in_IN which_WDTR they_PP3AS were_BED held_VBN was_BEDZ attacked_VBN F05 94 by_IN a_AT furious_JJ crowd_NN ,_, which_WDTR F05 95 succeeded_VBD in_IN rescuing_VBG them_PP3OS ;_; a_AT series_NN of_IN F05 95 riots_NNS at_RB once_RB" broke_VBD out_RP over_IN F05 96 the_ATI province_NN ,_, and_CC federal_JJ soldiers_NNS were_BED F05 96 flown_VBN into_IN Nyasaland_NP from_IN the_ATI F05 97 Rhodesias_NPS to_TO put_VB down_RP the_ATI civil_JJ disorder_NN ._. ^ F05 97 in_IN the_ATI clash_NN that_WPR followed_VBD F05 98 fifty_CD Africans_NNPS were_BED killed_VBN ._. F05 99 ^ trouble_NN swiftly_RB developed_VBD into_IN crisis_NN ._. ^ in_IN F05 99 Nyasaland_NP a_AT thousand_CD F05 100 congressmen_NNS were_BED arrested_VBN *-_*- including_IN \0Dr_NPT F05 100 Banda_NP ._. ^ the_ATI Governor_NPT ,_, Sir_NPT F05 101 Robert_NP Armitage_NP ,_, let_VBD it_PP3 be_BE known_VBN that_CS F05 101 the_ATI African_JNP nationalists_NNS had_HVD F05 102 prepared_VBN a_AT plot_NN to_TO assassinate_VB the_ATI white_JJ F05 102 population_NN ._. ^ in_IN Southern_NP F05 103 Rhodesia_NP 500_CD more_AP were_BED detained_VBN ;_; in_IN Northern_NP F05 103 Rhodesia_NP thirty-eight_CD F05 104 *'_*' Zambia_NP congress_NN **'_**' leaders_NNS were_BED charged_VBN F05 104 with_IN forming_VBG a_AT murderous_JJ F05 105 society_NN to_TO prevent_VB Africans_NNPS from_IN voting_VBG in_IN F05 105 the_ATI coming_JJ elections_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI F05 106 Prime_NPT Minister_NPT of_IN Southern_NP Rhodesia_NP declared_VBD a_AT F05 106 state_NN of_IN emergency_NN ,_, F05 107 shortly_RB afterwards_RB pronounced_VBD the_ATI African_JNP national_JJ F05 107 congress_NN illegal_JJ F05 108 and_CC legislated_VBD for_IN government_NN powers_NNS to_TO detain_VB F05 108 opponents_NNS ,_, without_IN F05 109 charge_NN or_CC trial_NN ,_, for_IN up_RP to_IN five_CD years_NNS ._. ^ F05 109 even_RB South_NP Africa_NP had_HVD up_RP to_IN F05 110 that_DT time_NN no_ATI legislation_NN so_QL drastic_JJ ._. F05 111 ^ at_IN this_DT point_NN the_ATI whole_JJ issue_NN forced_VBD F05 111 itself_PPL into_IN the_ATI British_JNP F05 112 consciousness_NN ,_, and_CC became_VBD a_AT matter_NN of_IN major_JJ F05 112 political_JJ contention_NN ._. ^ it_PP3 F05 113 grew_VBD even_RB more_QL acute_JJ when_WRB a_AT four-man_JJB F05 113 commission_NN led_VBN by_IN \0Mr_NPT Justice_NPT F05 114 Devlin_NP ,_, sent_VBN out_RP to_TO investigate_VB the_ATI reasons_NNS F05 114 for_IN the_ATI upheaval_NN ,_, produced_VBD F05 115 a_AT long_JJ report_NN which_WDTR shocked_VBD everyone_PN *-_*- F05 115 except_IN ,_, as_CS it_PP3 seemed_VBD later_RBR ,_, the_ATI F05 116 government_NN ._. ^ the_ATI Devlin_NP commission_NN reported_VBD a_AT F05 116 *'_*' deep_JJ and_CC bitter_JJ F05 117 division_NN of_IN opinion_NN separating_VBG the_ATI government_NN F05 117 from_IN the_ATI people_NNS **'_**' ,_, and_CC F05 118 that_CS the_ATI African_JNP population_NN of_IN Nyasaland_NP was_BEDZ F05 118 almost_RB solid_JJ in_IN its_PP$ F05 119 profound_JJ opposition_NN to_IN federation_NN ._. ^ while_CS the_ATI F05 119 state_NN of_IN emergency_NN was_BEDZ F05 120 justified_VBN ,_, it_PP3 added_VBD ,_, *'_*' there_EX was_BEDZ no_ATI F05 120 evidence_NN of_IN anything_PN that_WPR could_MD be_BE F05 121 called_VBN a_AT plot_NN **'_**' ._. ^ \0Dr_NPT Banda_NP ,_, said_VBD F05 121 the_ATI commission_NN ,_, would_MD not_XNOT have_HV F05 122 approved_VBN any_DTI such_ABL policy_NN of_IN murder_NN ._. ^ *'_*' F05 122 unnecessary_JJ and_CC illegal_JJ F05 123 force_NN **'_**' had_HVD been_BEN used_VBN in_IN dealing_VBG with_IN F05 123 the_ATI disturbances_NNS ._. ^ in_IN the_ATI most_QL F05 124 alarming_JJ phrase_NN of_IN all_ABN ,_, the_ATI report_NN said_VBD F05 124 that_CS the_ATI territory_NN of_IN F05 125 Nyasaland_NP since_IN the_ATI declaration_NN of_IN the_ATI emergency_NN F05 125 had_HVD become_VBN *'_*' a_AT police_NNS F05 126 state_NN **'_**' ._. F05 127 ^ in_IN the_ATI subsequent_JJ furious_JJ debate_NN in_IN F05 127 parliament_NN the_ATI British_JNP F05 128 government_NN startled_VBD the_ATI opposition_NN by_IN blandly_RB F05 128 accepting_VBG such_ABL parts_NNS in_IN F05 129 the_ATI Devlin_NP report_NN that_WPR appeared_VBD to_TO endorse_VB F05 129 its_PP$ policy_NN ,_, and_CC rejecting_VBG F05 130 all_ABN parts_NNS that_WPR were_BED critical_JJ ._. ^ the_ATI F05 130 colonial_JJ Secretary_NPT ,_, \0Mr_NPT Lennox_NP F05 131 Boyd_NP ,_, allowed_VBD the_ATI storm_NN to_TO beat_VB around_IN F05 131 him_PP3O ._. ^ the_ATI situation_NN remained_VBD F05 132 unchanged_JJ ;_; \0Dr_NPT Banda_NP and_CC his_PP$ colleagues_NNS F05 132 remained_VBD in_IN prison_NN ._. ^ a_AT F05 133 considerable_JJ section_NN of_IN British_JNP opinion_NN ,_, aware_JJ F05 133 at_RB last_RB" of_IN the_ATI great_JJ F05 134 potentialities_NNS for_IN danger_NN in_IN central_JJ Africa_NP ,_, F05 134 began_VBD to_TO view_VB the_ATI whole_JJ F05 135 federation_NN with_IN deep_JJ uneasiness_NN ._. ^ Sir_NPT Roy_NP F05 135 Welensky_NP continued_VBD to_IN F05 136 prophecy_NN with_IN confidence_NN that_CS the_ATI 1960_CD conference_NN F05 136 on_IN the_ATI F05 137 constitutional_JJ future_NN of_IN the_ATI federation_NN would_MD F05 137 give_VB him_PP3O even_RB greater_JJR F05 138 powers_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI more_QL clamant_JJ element_NN among_IN the_ATI F05 138 Rhodesia_NP settlers_NNS ,_, F05 139 incensed_VBN at_IN the_ATI growing_JJ hostility_NN in_IN Britain_NP ,_, F05 139 began_VBD to_TO talk_VB loudly_RB of_IN F05 140 secession_NN ,_, of_IN a_AT central_JJ African_JNP version_NN of_IN F05 140 the_ATI Boston_NP tea-party_NN ._. F05 141 ^ the_ATI following_JJ year_NN the_ATI colonial_JJ Secretary_NPT ,_, F05 141 \0Mr_NPT Lennox_NP Boyd_NP ,_, F05 142 finally_RB retired_VBN from_IN active_JJ politics_NN to_IN the_ATI F05 142 board_NN of_IN his_PP$ family_NN F05 143 brewing_NN concern_NN ,_, and_CC was_BEDZ replaced_VBN by_IN Iain_NP F05 143 Macleod_NP ._. ^ almost_RB at_RB once_RB" a_AT F05 144 sensible_JJ difference_NN in_IN the_ATI situation_NN emerged_VBD ._. ^ F05 144 the_ATI new_JJ approach_NN was_BEDZ F05 145 cautious_JJ but_CC apparent_JJ ._. ^ the_ATI Prime_NPT Minister_NPT F05 145 led_VBD the_ATI way_NN with_IN a_AT tour_NN F05 146 round_IN British_JNP Africa_NP ,_, culminating_VBG in_IN the_ATI F05 146 union_NN ,_, where_WRB he_PP3A startled_VBD the_ATI F05 147 nationalist_JJ government_NN by_IN referring_VBG to_IN the_ATI F05 147 apartheid_NN policies_NNS in_IN F05 148 fairly_RB critical_JJ terms_NNS ,_, and_CC spoke_VBD of_IN the_ATI F05 148 *'_*' wind_NN of_IN change_NN **'_**' that_WPR was_BEDZ F05 149 rising_VBG throughout_IN the_ATI African_JNP continent_NN ._. ^ it_PP3 F05 149 was_BEDZ not_XNOT an_AT impassioned_JJ F05 150 denunciation_NN ,_, but_CC it_PP3 was_BEDZ a_AT great_JJ deal_NN F05 150 more_AP than_CS any_DTI British_JNP government_NN F05 151 spokesman_NN had_HVD done_VBN before_RI ,_, and_CC it_PP3 markedly_RB F05 151 shifted_VBD the_ATI whole_JJ F05 152 relationship_NN between_IN the_ATI United_NP Kingdom_NPL and_CC the_ATI F05 152 repressive_JJ F05 153 administrations_NNS in_IN Africa_NP ._. F05 154 ^ therefore_RB when_WRB the_ATI new_JJ colonial_JJ Secretary_NPT F05 154 himself_PPL travelled_VBD out_RP F05 155 to_IN central_JJ and_CC east_NR Africa_NP to_TO investigate_VB F05 155 conditions_NNS there_RN ,_, his_PP$ F05 156 mission_NN was_BEDZ regarded_VBN with_IN a_AT watchful_JJ optimism_NN F05 156 by_IN the_ATI African_JNP F05 157 politicians_NNS ,_, and_CC an_AT undisguised_JJ hostility_NN from_IN F05 157 the_ATI right-wing_JJB F05 158 settlers_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI result_NN was_BEDZ a_AT temperate_JJ but_CC F05 158 unmistakable_JJ reorientation_NN F05 159 of_IN the_ATI British_JNP attitude_NN towards_IN the_ATI F05 159 dependencies_NNS in_IN Africa_NP ,_, a_AT F05 160 realistic_JJ conservative_JJ adjustment_NN to_IN the_ATI *'_*' wind_NN F05 160 of_IN change_NN ._. **'_**' F05 161 ^ by_IN the_ATI spring_NN of_IN 1960_CD ,_, when_WRB \0Dr_NPT F05 161 Banda_NP was_BEDZ released_VBN ,_, the_ATI F05 162 Nyasalanders'_NNPS$ determination_NN was_BEDZ absolute_JJ :_: to_TO F05 162 secede_VB from_IN the_ATI F05 163 federation_NN ,_, come_VB what_WDT may_MD ,_, and_CC form_VB their_PP$ F05 163 own_AP independent_JJ nation_NN under_IN F05 164 wholly_RB African_JNP control_NN ._. ^ in_IN this_DT spirit_NN F05 164 they_PP3AS attended_VBD the_ATI 1960_CD F05 165 conference_NN in_IN London_NP ,_, the_ATI outcome_NN of_IN which_WDTR F05 165 was_BEDZ surprisingly_RB cordial_JJ ._. F05 166 ^ an_AT agreement_NN was_BEDZ reached_VBN on_IN a_AT constitution_NN F05 166 which_WDTR although_CS it_PP3 fell_VBD F05 167 short_RB of_IN \0Dr_NPT Banda's_NP$ desire_NN ,_, did_DOD establish_VB F05 167 an_AT African_JNP majority_NN in_IN the_ATI F05 168 legislative_JJ council_NN and_CC ministerial_JJ rank_NN on_IN the_ATI F05 168 executive_JJ council_NN ._. F05 169 ^ taking_VBG their_PP$ cue_NN from_IN \0Dr_NPT Banda_NP ,_, the_ATI F05 169 Nyasalanders_NNPS were_BED unmoved_JJ by_IN F05 170 the_ATI arguments_NNS that_CS a_AT poor_JJ ,_, resourceless_JJ ,_, F05 170 landlocked_JJ country_NN like_IN F05 171 theirs_PP$$ made_VBD independence_NN an_AT unreality_NN ._. ^ \0Dr_NPT F05 171 Banda_NP has_HVZ talked_VBN of_IN the_ATI F05 172 possibility_NN of_IN another_DT federation_NN ,_, of_IN African_JNP F05 172 creation_NN *-_*- of_IN F05 173 associating_VBG his_PP$ country_NN with_IN Tanganyika_NP ,_, or_CC F05 173 with_IN Northern_NP Rhodesia_NP ._. F05 174 ^ ethnically_RB and_CC politically_RB there_EX could_MD be_BE much_AP F05 174 justification_NN for_IN F05 175 this_DT ,_, but_CC two_CD paradoxical_JJ difficulties_NNS arise_VB :_: F05 175 Tanganyika_NP is_BEZ too_QL poor_JJ ,_, F05 176 and_CC Northern_NP Rhodesia_NP is_BEZ too_QL rich_JJ ._. ^ F05 176 Tanganyika's_NP$ economic_JJ difficulties_NNS F05 177 are_BER almost_RB as_QL great_JJ as_IN Nyasaland's_NP$ ,_, while_CS F05 177 Northern_NP Rhodesia's_NP$ copper_NN F05 178 interests_NNS are_BER so_QL great_JJ that_CS its_PP$ Europeans_NNPS F05 178 would_MD go_VB to_IN serious_JJ lengths_NNS F05 179 to_TO preserve_VB the_ATI mines_NNS from_IN an_AT African_JNP F05 179 administration_NN ._. ^ the_ATI Africans_NNPS of_IN F05 180 Northern_NP Rhodesia_NP have_HV nevertheless_RB been_BEN stimulated_VBN F05 180 by_IN \0Dr_NPT Banda's_NP$ F05 181 success_NN into_IN a_AT new_JJ political_JJ activity_NN of_IN their_PP$ F05 181 own_AP ._. ^ divided_VBN as_CS the_ATI F05 182 Northern_NP Rhodesians_NNPS are_BER between_IN Harry_NP Nkumbula's_NP$ F05 182 government-tolerated_JJ F05 183 congress_NN and_CC the_ATI more_QL intensely_RB nationalist_JJ F05 183 Zambia_NP group_NN of_IN Kenneth_NP F05 184 Kaunda_NP ,_, they_PP3AS still_RB have_HV far_RB greater_JJR F05 184 strength_NN than_IN the_ATI Africans_NNPS of_IN F05 185 Southern_NP Rhodesia_NP ._. ^ unlike_IN their_PP$ colleagues_NNS of_IN F05 185 the_ATI south_NR ,_, they_PP3AS are_BER F05 186 permitted_VBN *-_*- indeed_RB encouraged_VBN *-_*- to_TO form_VB F05 186 trades_NNS unions_NNS ,_, and_CC in_IN spite_IN" of_IN" F05 187 continuous_JJ opposition_NN from_IN the_ATI white_JJ labour_NN in_IN F05 187 the_ATI mines_NNS ,_, their_PP$ F05 188 industrial_JJ organization_NN is_BEZ probably_RB the_ATI strongest_JJT F05 188 in_IN African_JNP Africa_NP ._. F05 189 ^ the_ATI independence_NN disasters_NNS in_IN the_ATI Congo_NP F05 189 had_HVD their_PP$ immediate_JJ and_CC F05 190 obvious_JJ repercussions_NNS in_IN the_ATI Rhodesias_NPS ._. ^ the_ATI F05 190 settler_NN government_NN of_IN F05 191 Southern_NP Rhodesia_NP ,_, torn_VBN between_IN genuine_JJ F05 191 apprehension_NN of_IN African_JNP F05 192 violence_NN and_CC the_ATI nervous_JJ satisfaction_NN of_IN having_HVG F05 192 demonstrable_JJ reason_NN F05 193 for_IN tightening_VBG legislation_NN ,_, reacted_VBD abruptly_RB ._. ^ F05 193 Sir_NPT Edgar_NP Whitehead_NP and_CC F05 194 his_PP$ cabinet_NN felt_VBD above_IN all_ABN things_NNS the_ATI F05 194 necessity_NN to_TO win_VB the_ATI elections_NNS F05 195 that_WPR had_HVD been_BEN promised_VBN for_IN the_ATI following_JJ F05 195 spring_NN ,_, and_CC to_TO do_DO this_DT it_PP3 F05 196 seemed_VBD necessary_JJ to_TO prove_VB to_IN the_ATI white_JJ F05 196 electorate_NN its_PP$ ability_NN to_TO clamp_VB F05 197 down_RP on_IN upstart_NN Africans_NNPS and_CC prevent_VB any_DTI F05 197 danger_NN of_IN a_AT *'_*' Rhodesian_JNP F05 198 Congo_NP **'_**' ._. F05 199 ^ the_ATI opposition_NN dominion_NN party_NN ,_, predominantly_RB F05 199 white-supremacist_JJB ,_, F05 200 was_BEDZ quick_JJ to_TO exploit_VB the_ATI new_JJ racial_JJ fears_NNS F05 200 of_IN the_ATI Europeans_NNPS ,_, stimulated_VBN F05 201 by_IN the_ATI panic-stories_NNS from_IN the_ATI European_JNP F05 201 refugees_NNS from_IN the_ATI Congo_NP ._. ^ the_ATI F05 202 government's_NN$ counter_NN to_IN this_DT was_BEDZ to_TO raise_VB F05 202 the_ATI threat_NN of_IN secession_NN from_IN F05 203 the_ATI federation_NN in_IN an_AT attempt_NN to_TO force_VB the_ATI F05 203 British_JNP government_NN into_IN F05 204 relinquishing_VBG its_PP$ reverse_JJ powers_NNS of_IN veto_NN *-_*- F05 204 long-unused_JJ ,_, but_CC still_RB the_ATI F05 205 Africans'_NNPS$ only_AP protection_NN against_IN complete_JJ settler_NN F05 205 rule_NN ._. F06 2 ^ the_ATI so-called_JJB human_JJ flea_NN (_( Pulex_&FW irritans_&FW F06 2 )_) is_BEZ today_NR more_AP F06 3 of_IN a_AT nuisance_NN than_IN a_AT menace_NN ,_, but_CC was_BEDZ F06 3 formerly_RB the_ATI main_JJB carrier_NN of_IN F06 4 plague_NN ._. ^ in_IN spite_IN" of_IN" its_PP$ popular_JJ name_NN F06 4 it_PP3 associates_VBZ more_QL naturally_RB F06 5 with_IN animals_NNS such_IN as_IN" the_ATI fox_NN and_CC the_ATI F06 5 badger_NN ,_, which_WDTR live_VB in_IN large_JJ F06 6 burrows_NNS ._. ^ according_IN to_IN" the_ATI British_JNP Museum_NPL F06 6 booklet_NN ,_, man_NN *'_*' evidently_RB did_DOD F06 7 not_XNOT suffer_VB from_IN Pulex_&FW irritans_&FW until_CS he_PP3A F06 7 began_VBD to_TO occupy_VB a_AT more_QL F06 8 or_CC less_QL permanent_JJ home_NR which_WDTR must_MD have_HV been_BEN F06 8 *-_*- and_CC actually_RB still_RB is_BEZ *-_*- F06 9 not_XNOT altogether_RB unlike_IN a_AT large_JJ hole_NN **'_**' ._. ^ F06 9 many_AP architects_NNS of_IN our_PP$ F06 10 acquaintance_NN would_MD dissent_VB from_IN this_DT last_AP view_NN ,_, F06 10 but_CC the_ATI fact_NN remains_VBZ F06 11 that_CS fleas_NNS can_MD still_RB be_BE one_CD1 of_IN the_ATI main_JJB F06 11 hazards_NNS of_IN lying_VBG in_IN bed_NN ._. F06 12 ^ readers_NNS with_IN chronic_JJ oblomovitis_NN may_MD like_VB a_AT F06 12 note_NN of_IN the_ATI booklet's_NN$ F06 13 advice_NN concerning_IN the_ATI odd_JJ flea_NN that_WPR may_MD still_RB F06 13 be_BE encountered_VBN in_IN bed_NN F06 14 even_RB in_IN the_ATI best-regulated_JJT home_NR *-_*- or_CC hole_NN F06 14 ._. ^ this_DT *'_*' may_MD with_IN some_DTI skill_NN F06 15 be_BE caught_VBN with_IN the_ATI fingers_NNS ,_, after_IN which_WDTR F06 15 the_ATI fingers_NNS with_IN the_ATI flea_NN F06 16 tightly_RB gripped_VBN between_IN them_PP3OS should_MD be_BE dipped_VBN F06 16 under_IN water_NN and_CC the_ATI F06 17 irritating_JJ insect_NN is_BEZ then_RN easily_RB killed_VBN **'_**' ._. F06 18 ^ the_ATI last_AP animal_NN at_IN all_ABN likely_JJ to_TO disturb_VB F06 18 the_ATI pleasures_NNS of_IN lying_VBG F06 19 in_IN bed_NN is_BEZ the_ATI bed-bug_NN ,_, Cimex_&FW lectularius_&FW F06 19 ,_, which_WDTR some_DTI would_MD F06 20 regard_VB as_IN the_ATI most_QL unpleasant_JJ household_NN pest_NN F06 20 existing_VBG in_IN western_JJ F06 21 Europe_NP at_IN the_ATI present_JJ time_NN ._. ^ the_ATI original_JJ F06 21 meaning_NN of_IN the_ATI word_NN bug_NN was_BEDZ F06 22 bogy_NN ,_, hobgoblin_NN ,_, or_CC *'_*' terror_NN by_IN night_NN F06 22 **'_**' ,_, and_CC it_PP3 is_BEZ found_VBN in_IN this_DT F06 23 sense_NN in_IN the_ATI works_NNS of_IN Shakespeare_NP and_CC many_AP F06 23 other_AP renaissance_NN writers_NNS ._. F06 24 ^ the_ATI British_JNP naturalist_NN Thomas_NP Moufet_NP mentions_VBZ F06 24 it_PP3 in_IN his_PP$ F06 25 insectorum_&FW sive_&FW minimorum_&FW animalium_&FW theatrum_&FW (_( F06 25 1634_CD )_) ,_, and_CC one_CD1 F06 26 of_IN the_ATI contributions_NNS to_IN this_DT early_JJ entomological_JJ F06 26 compilation_NN describes_VBZ F06 27 how_WRB in_IN 1583_CD two_CD ladies_NNS of_IN noble_JJ birth_NN at_IN F06 27 Mortlake_NP were_BED much_RB distressed_VBN F06 28 by_IN the_ATI presence_NN of_IN the_ATI insects_NNS ._. ^ John_NP F06 28 Southall_NP ,_, in_IN his_PP$ treatise_NN of_IN F06 29 buggs_NNS ,_, published_VBN in_IN 1730_CD ,_, says_VBZ that_CS the_ATI F06 29 creatures_NNS had_HVD increased_VBN F06 30 greatly_RB during_IN the_ATI previous_JJ sixty_CD years_NNS ,_, F06 30 especially_RB in_IN the_ATI City_NPL of_IN F06 31 London_NP ._. F06 32 ^ this_DT is_BEZ no_ATI place_NN to_TO go_VB into_IN the_ATI F06 32 natural_JJ history_NN of_IN the_ATI bed-bug_NN ,_, F06 33 but_CC it_PP3 should_MD perhaps_RB be_BE mentioned_VBN that_CS ,_, F06 33 like_IN the_ATI louse_NN ,_, it_PP3 has_HVZ been_BEN F06 34 given_VBN a_AT picturesque_JJ collection_NN of_IN popular_JJ names_NNS F06 34 ._. ^ these_DTS include_VB the_ATI F06 35 *'_*' mahogany_NN flat_NN **'_**' (_( from_IN its_PP$ colour_NN )_) ,_, F06 35 the_ATI *'_*' Norfolk_NP Howard_NP **'_**' ,_, and_CC F06 36 even_RB the_ATI *'_*' B_ZZ flat_NN **'_**' *-_*- the_ATI last_AP ,_, F06 36 incidentally_RB ,_, being_BEG due_JJ to_IN the_ATI flat_JJ F06 37 shape_NN of_IN the_ATI bug_NN ,_, and_CC not_XNOT to_IN any_DTI F06 37 special_JJ musical_JJ ability_NN it_PP3 has_HVZ been_BEN F06 38 noticed_VBN to_TO possess_VB ._. ^ another_DT graphic_JJ name_NN is_BEZ F06 38 the_ATI *'_*' red_JJ army_NN **'_**' ,_, F06 39 strictly_RB non-political_JJ in_IN origin_NN ,_, but_CC derived_VBN F06 39 from_IN the_ATI bug's_NN$ tendency_NN F06 40 to_TO turn_VB deep_JJ purple_JJ or_CC dark_JJ red_JJ when_WRB F06 40 gorged_VBN with_IN human_JJ blood_NN ._. F06 41 ^ but_CC it_PP3 is_BEZ not_XNOT only_RB external_JJ causes_NNS F06 41 that_WPR may_MD destroy_VB the_ATI pleasure_NN F06 42 of_IN lying_VBG in_IN bed_NN ._. ^ anyone_PN who_WPR has_HVZ F06 42 attempted_VBN to_TO relax_VB when_WRB in_IN a_AT state_NN of_IN F06 43 nervous_JJ anxiety_NN will_MD be_BE familiar_JJ with_IN the_ATI F06 43 condition_NN commonly_RB known_VBN as_IN F06 44 *'_*' jittery_JJ legs_NNS **'_**' ._. ^ although_CS fully_RB F06 44 extended_VBN in_IN the_ATI horizontal_JJ position_NN F06 45 the_ATI body_NN feels_VBZ tense_JJ and_CC unrelaxed_JJ ._. ^ a_AT F06 45 conscious_JJ effort_NN of_IN will_NN is_BEZ F06 46 needed_VBN to_TO keep_VB the_ATI legs_NNS still_JJ ,_, and_CC the_ATI F06 46 keyed-up_JJB feeling_NN which_WDTR pervades_VBZ F06 47 the_ATI whole_JJ body_NN may_MD even_RB give_VB rise_NN to_IN severe_JJ F06 47 physical_JJ pain_NN ._. ^ sometimes_RB F06 48 the_ATI condition_NN is_BEZ so_QL acute_JJ that_CS the_ATI legs_NNS F06 48 twitch_VB and_CC jerk_VB quite_RB F06 49 involuntarily_RB ._. ^ in_IN such_ABL cases_NNS the_ATI patient_NN F06 49 may_MD feel_VB so_QL uncomfortable_JJ F06 50 that_CS he_PP3A will_MD send_VB for_IN a_AT doctor_NN ,_, but_CC an_AT F06 50 aspirin_NN or_CC some_DTI other_AP mild_JJ F06 51 sedative_NN usually_RB suffices_VBZ to_TO relax_VB the_ATI tension_NN F06 51 ._. F06 52 ^ another_DT disagreeable_JJ accompaniment_NN of_IN lying_VBG in_IN F06 52 bed_NN may_MD be_BE the_ATI F06 53 condition_NN known_VBN as_IN pruritus_NN ,_, which_WDTR expresses_VBZ F06 53 itself_PPL in_IN a_AT severe_JJ F06 54 itching_NN sensation_NN as_QL soon_RB as_CS the_ATI warmth_NN of_IN F06 54 the_ATI body_NN has_HVZ heated_VBN the_ATI F06 55 bedclothes_NNS ._. ^ this_DT is_BEZ particularly_RB prevalent_JJ F06 55 among_IN elderly_JJ people_NNS ,_, but_CC F06 56 can_MD be_BE alleviated_VBN by_IN the_ATI application_NN of_IN F06 56 ointments_NNS on_IN a_AT medical_JJ F06 57 prescription_NN ._. ^ hay_NN fever_NN and_CC other_AP allergies_NNS F06 57 may_MD also_RB be_BE associated_VBN F06 58 with_IN lying_VBG in_IN bed_NN ,_, due_JJ either_DTX to_IN feathers_NNS F06 58 in_IN the_ATI pillow_NN or_CC mattress_NN or_CC F06 59 (_( less_QL commonly_RB recognized_VBN as_IN the_ATI cause_NN )_) an_AT F06 59 accumulation_NN of_IN woolly_JJ dust_NN F06 60 under_IN the_ATI bed_NN ._. ^ the_ATI irritants_NNS associated_VBN F06 60 with_IN dust_NN under_IN beds_NNS may_MD F06 61 sometimes_RB be_BE so_QL powerful_JJ that_CS the_ATI bed's_NN$ F06 61 occupant_NN may_MD seem_VB to_TO be_BE F06 62 afflicted_VBN by_IN a_AT chronic_JJ cold_NN ._. ^ these_DTS and_CC F06 62 other_AP effects_NNS of_IN bedding_NN on_IN F06 63 health_NN were_BED recognized_VBN as_QL long_RB ago_RB as_IN the_ATI F06 63 eighteen-eighties_CDS where_WRB it_PP3 F06 64 was_BEDZ the_ATI custom_NN to_TO stuff_VB pillows_NNS and_CC F06 64 mattresses_NNS with_IN pine-shavings_NNS in_IN F06 65 the_ATI belief_NN that_CS these_DTS would_MD alleviate_VB lung_NN F06 65 and_CC bronchial_JJ conditions_NNS ._. F06 66 ^ in_IN spite_IN" of_IN" the_ATI unpleasant_JJ consequences_NNS F06 66 sometimes_RB associated_VBN with_IN F06 67 lying_VBG in_IN bed_NN ,_, many_AP people_NNS have_HV not_XNOT been_BEN F06 67 deterred_VBN from_IN going_VBG to_IN bed_NN F06 68 quite_RB voluntarily_RB for_IN very_QL long_JJ periods_NNS ._. ^ F06 68 one_CD1 of_IN the_ATI present_JJ writers_NNS F06 69 knows_VBZ a_AT healthy_JJ woman_NN who_WPR retired_VBD to_IN bed_NN F06 69 nearly_RB ten_CD years_NNS ago_RB on_IN the_ATI F06 70 death_NN of_IN her_PP$ husband_NN ,_, and_CC has_HVZ never_RB F06 70 stirred_VBN out_RP of_IN it_PP3 since_RI ._. ^ there_EX is_BEZ F06 71 also_RB the_ATI case_NN cited_VBN by_IN Reynolds_NP of_IN the_ATI F06 71 Frenchman_NNP ,_, Raoul_NP Duval_NP ,_, who_WPR F06 72 went_VBD to_IN bed_NN in_IN Abbeville_NP in_IN 1928_CD and_CC F06 72 remained_VBD there_RN for_IN eighteen_CD F06 73 years_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI reason_NN he_PP3A gave_VBD was_BEDZ that_CS F06 73 he_PP3A did_DOD not_XNOT wish_VB to_TO *'_*' see_VB the_ATI F06 74 world_NN ,_, nor_CC talk_VB nor_CC think_VB about_IN it_PP3 **'_**' ,_, F06 74 an_AT ambition_NN that_WPR was_BEDZ ,_, however_RB ,_, F06 75 abruptly_RB shattered_VBN in_IN 1940_CD when_WRB the_ATI town_NN F06 75 was_BEDZ heavily_RB dive-bombed_VBN ._. ^ as_CS F06 76 Reynolds_NP remarks_VBZ ,_, if_CS Duval_NP really_RB did_DOD stay_VB F06 76 in_IN bed_NN throughout_IN this_DT F06 77 ordeal_NN it_PP3 shows_VBZ quite_RB exceptional_JJ conscientiousness_NN F06 77 and_CC determination_NN ._. F06 78 ^ another_DT case_NN of_IN a_AT prolonged_JJ voluntary_JJ stay_NN in_IN F06 78 bed_NN began_VBD in_IN 1875_CD when_WRB F06 79 a_AT Spanish_JNP doctor_NN in_IN Galicia_NP ,_, being_BEG tired_JJ F06 79 of_IN visiting_VBG reclining_JJ F06 80 patients_NNS ,_, eventually_RB decided_VBN to_TO follow_VB their_PP$ F06 80 example_NN ._. ^ he_PP3A retired_VBD to_IN F06 81 bed_NN in_IN his_PP$ own_AP house_NN ,_, where_WRB he_PP3A remained_VBD F06 81 for_IN sixteen_CD years_NNS ,_, seeing_VBG only_RB F06 82 those_DTS patients_NNS who_WPR were_BED well_JJ enough_QLP to_TO F06 82 come_VB to_IN him_PP3O ._. F06 83 ^ as_CS both_ABX of_IN these_DTS picturesque_JJ tales_NNS F06 83 originated_VBD in_IN newspaper_NN F06 84 reports_NNS we_PP1AS would_MD be_BE ill-advised_JJ to_TO take_VB F06 84 them_PP3OS too_QL seriously_RB ,_, but_CC we_PP1AS F06 85 shall_MD conclude_VB this_DT chapter_NN with_IN two_CD further_JJB F06 85 aspects_NNS of_IN lying_VBG in_IN bed_NN F06 86 for_IN which_WDTR there_EX is_BEZ sound_JJ historical_JJ evidence_NN F06 86 :_: the_ATI lit_&FW de_&FW justice_&FW F06 87 and_CC the_ATI lit_&FW de_&FW parade_&FW ._. ^ throughout_IN the_ATI F06 87 centuries_NNS there_EX have_HV F06 88 been_BEN cases_NNS of_IN people_NNS retiring_VBG to_IN their_PP$ F06 88 beds_NNS for_IN certain_JJ special_JJ F06 89 reasons_NNS ,_, often_RB as_IN a_AT result_NN of_IN some_DTI F06 89 superstitious_JJ or_CC ritualistic_JJ F06 90 belief_NN ._. ^ the_ATI couvade_&FW is_BEZ one_CD1 example_NN ,_, F06 90 and_CC the_ATI lit_&FW de_&FW justice_&FW F06 91 and_CC lit_&FW de_&FW parade_&FW are_BER others_APS ,_, although_CS ,_, F06 91 of_RB course_RB" ,_, they_PP3AS are_BER F06 92 used_VBN for_IN quite_RB different_JJ reasons_NNS ._. F06 93 ^ the_ATI lit_&FW de_&FW justice_&FW is_BEZ the_ATI older_JJR of_IN F06 93 the_ATI two_CD ,_, and_CC may_MD be_BE F06 94 defined_VBN as_IN the_ATI custom_NN of_IN a_AT king_NN ,_, dictator_NN F06 94 ,_, high_JJ priest_NN ,_, or_CC other_AP F06 95 person_NN of_IN great_JJ authority_NN issuing_VBG edicts_NNS and_CC F06 95 judgements_NNS to_IN a_AT formal_JJ F06 96 assembly_NN of_IN his_PP$ subordinates_NNS from_IN his_PP$ bed_NN ._. ^ F06 96 the_ATI bed_NN is_BEZ not_XNOT F06 97 necessarily_RB ,_, nor_CC even_RB normally_RB ,_, the_ATI one_CD1 F06 97 he_PP3A usually_RB sleeps_VBZ in_IN ,_, but_CC F06 98 resembles_VBZ rather_RB a_AT ceremonial_JJ couch_NN ,_, elaborate_JJ F06 98 in_IN design_NN and_CC F06 99 ornamentation_NN ,_, standing_VBG in_IN some_DTI important_JJ place_NN F06 99 of_IN assembly_NN ._. ^ (_( see_VB F06 100 plate_NN 55_CD ._. )_) ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ sometimes_RB stated_VBN that_CS F06 100 the_ATI lit_&FW de_&FW justice_&FW F06 101 dates_VBZ from_IN medieval_JJ times_NNS ,_, but_CC the_ATI F06 101 institution_NN is_BEZ in_IN fact_NN much_RB F06 102 older_JJR ._. ^ thus_RB in_IN one_CD1 of_IN the_ATI fragments_NNS of_IN F06 102 the_ATI Greek_JNP historian_NN F06 103 Phylarchus_NP ,_, who_WPR flourished_VBD in_IN the_ATI third_OD F06 103 century_NN \0B.C_RB we_PP1AS may_MD read_VB F06 104 how_WRB Alexander_NP the_ATI Great_NP used_VBD to_TO recline_VB and_CC F06 104 transact_VB business_NN on_IN a_AT F06 105 golden_JJ bed_NN in_IN the_ATI middle_NN of_IN a_AT gigantic_JJ tent_NN F06 105 ,_, with_IN his_PP$ troops_NNS and_CC F06 106 attendants_NNS to_IN the_ATI number_NN of_IN two_CD thousand_CD or_CC F06 106 more_AP drawn_VBN up_RP in_IN order_NN F06 107 around_IN him_PP3O ._. ^ Roman_JNP emperors_NNS and_CC high_JJ F06 107 officials_NNS also_RB gave_VBD audience_NN in_IN F06 108 the_ATI same_AP position_NN ,_, and_CC there_EX can_MD be_BE little_AP F06 108 doubt_NN that_CS a_AT form_NN of_IN the_ATI F06 109 lit_&FW de_&FW justice_&FW was_BEDZ used_VBN by_IN political_JJ F06 109 leaders_NNS and_CC tribal_JJ chiefs_NNS F06 110 in_IN the_ATI Neolithic_JNP age_NN and_CC even_RB before_RI ._. F06 111 ^ Henry_NP Havard_NP in_IN the_ATI third_OD volume_NN of_IN his_PP$ F06 111 dictionnaire_&FW de_&FW F06 112 l'ameublement_&FW et_&FW de_&FW la_&FW de*?2coration_&FW (_( F06 112 1887-90_CD-CD )_) gives_VBZ numerous_JJ F06 113 examples_NNS of_IN the_ATI lit_&FW de_&FW justice_&FW in_IN later_JJR F06 113 historical_JJ times_NNS ._. F06 114 ^ from_IN the_ATI middle_JJB ages_NNS onwards_RB ,_, especially_RB F06 114 in_IN France_NP ,_, the_ATI bed_NN and_CC not_XNOT F06 115 the_ATI throne_NN was_BEDZ considered_VBN the_ATI proper_JJ place_NN F06 115 for_IN the_ATI installation_NN of_IN F06 116 royalty_NN at_IN public_JJ functions_NNS ._. ^ thus_RB in_IN the_ATI F06 116 fourteenth_OD century_NN when_WRB the_ATI F06 117 French_JNP king_NN appeared_VBD in_IN parliament_NN he_PP3A would_MD F06 117 recline_VB on_IN a_AT bed_NN raised_VBN on_IN F06 118 a_AT dais_NN ._. ^ the_ATI dais_NN was_BEDZ approached_VBN by_IN F06 118 seven_CD steps_NNS ,_, carpeted_VBN in_IN blue_JJ F06 119 velvet_NN embroidered_VBN with_IN golden_JJ fleurs-de-lis_NNS ._. ^ F06 119 around_IN the_ATI dais_NN F06 120 were_BED his_PP$ subordinates_NNS ,_, each_DT in_IN a_AT position_NN F06 120 appropriate_JJ to_IN his_PP$ rank_NN ._. F06 121 ^ members_NNS of_IN the_ATI royal_JJ house_NN were_BED seated_VBN ,_, F06 121 the_ATI chief_JJB nobles_NNS stood_VBD ,_, the_ATI F06 122 lesser_JJR nobles_NNS knelt_VBD ;_; there_EX is_BEZ no_ATI record_NN F06 122 of_IN commoners_NNS having_HVG been_BEN in_IN F06 123 attendance_NN on_IN such_ABL august_JJ occasions_NNS ,_, but_CC if_CS F06 123 they_PP3AS were_BED they_PP3AS must_MD F06 124 presumably_RB have_HV grovelled_VBN on_IN the_ATI floor_NN ._. F06 125 ^ at_RB first_RB" the_ATI prerogative_NN of_IN the_ATI lit_&FW F06 125 de_&FW justice_&FW was_BEDZ F06 126 restricted_VBN to_IN royal_JJ personages_NNS ,_, but_CC the_ATI idea_NN F06 126 was_BEDZ obviously_RB so_QL F06 127 attractive_JJ ,_, allowing_VBG as_CS it_PP3 did_DOD a_AT combination_NN F06 127 of_IN ease_NN and_CC authority_NN ,_, F06 128 that_CS it_PP3 began_VBD to_TO be_BE more_QL widely_RB adopted_VBN ._. ^ F06 128 in_IN this_DT new_JJ context_NN ,_, the_ATI F06 129 ceremonial_JJ bed_NN ,_, or_CC lit_&FW de_&FW parade_&FW ,_, became_VBD F06 129 an_AT accepted_JJ part_NN of_IN F06 130 social_JJ life_NN in_IN western_JJ Europe_NP from_IN early_JJ F06 130 renaissance_NN times_NNS until_IN the_ATI F06 131 French_JNP revolution_NN ._. ^ those_DTS whose_WP$R social_JJ status_NN F06 131 permitted_VBD them_PP3OS to_TO F06 132 receive_VB visitors_NNS without_IN the_ATI customary_JJ courtesy_NN F06 132 of_IN standing_VBG up_RP were_BED F06 133 not_XNOT slow_JJ to_TO exploit_VB the_ATI possibilities_NNS of_IN F06 133 horizontality_NN in_IN their_PP$ social_JJ F06 134 contacts_NNS ._. ^ it_PP3 conferred_VBD a_AT subtle_JJ but_CC F06 134 undeniable_JJ prestige_NN ,_, and_CC F06 135 paradoxically_RB suggested_VBD a_AT superiority_NN of_IN stature_NN F06 135 which_WDTR would_MD often_RB F06 136 have_HV been_BEN far_RB less_QL apparent_JJ in_IN the_ATI vertical_JJ F06 136 position_NN ._. F06 137 ^ nobles_NNS and_CC others_APS whose_WP$R status_NN is_BEZ F06 137 dependent_JJ on_IN hereditary_JJ F06 138 privilege_NN rather_RB than_IN personal_JJ merit_NN were_BED among_IN F06 138 the_ATI first_OD to_TO adopt_VB the_ATI F06 139 new_JJ technique_NN ,_, and_CC were_BED swiftly_RB followed_VBN by_IN F06 139 the_ATI smaller_JJR fry_NNS who_WPR saw_VBD in_IN F06 140 the_ATI lit_&FW de_&FW parade_&FW an_AT easy_JJ and_CC comfortable_JJ F06 140 method_NN of_IN F06 141 establishing_VBG their_PP$ social_JJ superiority_NN ._. ^ women_NNS F06 141 were_BED early_JJ in_IN the_ATI field_NN ,_, F06 142 and_CC it_PP3 became_VBD the_ATI practice_NN for_IN any_DTI woman_NN F06 142 who_WPR felt_VBD she_PP3A could_MD get_VB away_RP F06 143 with_IN it_PP3 to_TO receive_VB the_ATI consolation_NN or_CC F06 143 congratulation_NN of_IN her_PP$ friends_NNS in_IN F06 144 bed_NN on_IN occasions_NNS which_WDTR ranged_VBD from_IN the_ATI F06 144 death_NN of_IN a_AT husband_NN to_IN the_ATI F06 145 marriage_NN of_IN a_AT favourite_JJB niece_NN ._. ^ duchesses_NNS F06 145 and_CC courtesans_NNS could_MD insist_VB F06 146 on_IN the_ATI lit_&FW de_&FW parade_&FW as_IN a_AT right_NN based_VBN F06 146 on_IN riches_NNS ,_, social_JJ F06 147 position_NN ,_, or_CC physical_JJ attraction_NN ;_; humbler_JJR F06 147 personages_NNS enjoyed_VBD it_PP3 only_RB F06 148 when_WRB the_ATI production_NN of_IN a_AT child_NN conferred_VBD on_IN F06 148 them_PP3OS an_AT unaccustomed_JJ F06 149 prestige_NN ._. ^ ceremonial_JJ lyings-in_NNS after_IN childbirth_NN F06 149 were_BED nevertheless_RB F06 150 attended_VBN by_IN their_PP$ own_AP ritual_JJB ._. ^ guests_NNS F06 150 were_BED expected_VBN to_TO bring_VB the_ATI F06 151 mother_NN gifts_NNS commensurate_JJ with_IN her_PP$ achievement_NN ,_, F06 151 and_CC dances_NNS and_CC other_AP F06 152 entertainments_NNS were_BED arranged_VBN for_IN her_PP$ benefit_NN ._. F06 153 ^ the_ATI lit_&FW de_&FW parade_&FW also_RB provided_VBD women_NNS F06 153 with_IN an_AT excuse_NN to_TO F06 154 indulge_VB the_ATI extravagance_NN so_QL characteristic_JJ of_IN F06 154 their_PP$ sex_NN ._. ^ it_PP3 was_BEDZ an_AT F06 155 opportunity_NN to_TO wear_VB the_ATI richest_JJT and_CC most_QL F06 155 seductive_JJ garments_NNS and_CC to_TO F06 156 deck_VB the_ATI bedroom_NN with_IN expensive_JJ silk_NN and_CC satin_NN F06 156 hangings_NNS ._. ^ thus_RB a_AT F06 157 letter_NN written_VBN in_IN the_ATI early_JJ seventeenth_OD century_NN F06 157 tells_VBZ how_WRB the_ATI Countess_NPT F06 158 of_IN Salisbury_NP *'_*' was_BEDZ brought_VBN to_IN bed_NN of_IN a_AT F06 158 daughter_NN and_CC lyes_VBZ in_RP very_QL F06 159 richly_RB ,_, for_CS the_ATI hanging_NN of_IN her_PP$ chamber_NN F06 159 ..._... is_BEZ valued_VBN at_IN fourteen_CD F06 160 thousand_CD pounds_NNS **'_**' ._. ^ unchivalrously_RB ,_, the_ATI F06 160 husbands_NNS who_WPR had_HVD to_TO provide_VB F06 161 such_ABL innocent_JJ indulgences_NNS eventually_RB began_VBD to_TO F06 161 count_VB the_ATI cost_NN ._. ^ in_IN F06 162 fact_NN ,_, in_IN some_DTI countries_NNS legislation_NN was_BEDZ F06 162 passed_VBN prohibiting_VBG any_DTI F06 163 excessive_JJ ostentation_NN on_IN the_ATI lit_&FW de_&FW parade_&FW ._. F06 163 ^ in_IN Milan_NP ,_, for_IN F06 164 example_NN ,_, women_NNS were_BED not_XNOT allowed_VBN to_TO use_VB F06 164 counterpanes_NNS of_IN embroidered_JJ F06 165 silk_NN ,_, or_CC stitched_VBN with_IN gold_NN or_CC silver_NN F06 165 thread_NN ,_, nor_CC to_TO wear_VB silk_NN F06 166 camisoles_NNS when_WRB receiving_VBG callers_NNS ._. F06 167 ^ Roger_NP de_&FW Fe*?2lice_NP ,_, in_IN his_PP$ French_JNP F06 167 furniture_NN under_IN Louis_NP 15_CD ,_, F06 168 has_HVZ some_DTI interesting_JJ observations_NNS on_IN a_AT F06 168 variation_NN of_IN the_ATI lit_&FW de_&FW F06 169 parade_&FW practised_VBN by_IN ladies_NNS of_IN rank_NN in_IN the_ATI F06 169 eighteenth_OD century_NN ._. ^ he_PP3A F06 170 writes_VBZ :_: F06 172 ^ *'_*' long_RB before_IN the_ATI time_NN of_IN Madame_NPT F06 172 Re*?2camier_NP the_ATI indolent_JJ belles_NNS F06 173 of_IN the_ATI day_NN were_BED fond_JJ of_IN receiving_VBG en_&FW F06 173 de*?2shabille*?2_&FW ,_, F06 174 reclining_VBG on_IN their_PP$ *'_*' turquoises_&FW **'_**' or_CC *'_*' F06 174 duchesses_&FW **'_**' ;_; for_CS F06 175 languishing_JJ beauty_NN with_IN weary_JJ attitudes_NNS already_RB F06 175 existed_VBD ,_, side_NN by_IN side_NN F06 176 with_IN the_ATI more_QL general_JJ type_NN of_IN sparkling_JJ and_CC F06 176 mutinous_JJ beauty_NN :_: but_CC what_WDT F06 177 seems_VBZ strange_JJ at_IN a_AT period_NN of_IN so_QL much_AP F06 177 licence_NN ,_, these_DTS ladies_NNS ,_, far_RB from_IN F06 178 showing_VBG their_PP$ bare_JJ feet_NNS ,_, were_BED expected_VBN to_TO F06 178 conceal_VB them_PP3OS with_IN a_AT coverlet_NN F06 179 of_IN embroidered_JJ silk_NN as_IN a_AT concession_NN to_IN decency_NN F06 179 ._. **'_**' F06 181 ^ the_ATI final_JJ exploitation_NN of_IN the_ATI lit_&FW de_&FW F06 181 parade_&FW by_IN the_ATI F06 182 beautiful_JJ women_NNS of_IN the_ATI past_NN was_BEDZ for_IN F06 182 purposes_NNS of_IN lying_VBG in_IN state_NN ._. ^ there_EX F06 183 are_BER many_AP records_NNS of_IN this_DT custom_NN ,_, but_CC one_CD1 F06 183 example_NN must_MD suffice_VB ._. ^ it_PP3 F06 184 concerns_VBZ the_ATI death_NN of_IN the_ATI Duchess_NPT of_IN F06 184 Burgundy_NP ,_, wife_NN of_IN the_ATI Dauphin_&FW of_IN F06 185 France_NP in_IN 1712_CD and_CC is_BEZ taken_VBN by_IN Havard_NP from_IN F06 185 the_ATI Journal_&FW de_&FW F06 186 Dangeau_&FW ._. ^ on_IN February_NR 12th_OD the_ATI body_NN of_IN F06 186 Madame_&FW la_&FW Dauphine_&FW lay_VBD F06 187 all_ABN day_NN on_IN her_PP$ bed_NN at_IN Versailles_NP ._. ^ her_PP$ F06 187 face_NN was_BEDZ uncovered_JJ and_CC her_PP$ F06 188 hands_NNS lay_VBD above_IN the_ATI bedclothes_NNS ._. ^ that_DT F06 188 evening_NN in_IN the_ATI presence_NN of_IN her_PP$ F06 189 ladies_NNS in_IN waiting_NN (_( *'_*' une_&FW obligation_&FW de_&FW F06 189 leur_&FW charge_&FW **'_**' )_) a_AT post_NN F06 190 mortem_NN" was_BEDZ performed_VBN ,_, but_CC no_ATI cause_NN was_BEDZ F06 190 discovered_VBN for_IN her_PP$ death_NN ._. F07 2 ^ some_DTI years_NNS ago_RB a_AT contemporary_JJ philosopher_NN F07 2 told_VBD us_PP1OS that_CS there_EX F07 3 was_BEDZ nothing_PN an_AT Englishman_NNP would_MD not_XNOT do_DO ;_; F07 3 nothing_PN an_AT American_NNP would_MD not_XNOT F07 4 say_VB ;_; nothing_PN an_AT Italian_NNP would_MD not_XNOT sing_VB ;_; F07 4 no_ATI music_NN to_IN which_WDTR the_ATI F07 5 Frenchman_NNP would_MD not_XNOT dance_VB ;_; nothing_PN the_ATI F07 5 German_NNP would_MD not_XNOT covet_VB ;_; and_CC F07 6 nothing_PN the_ATI Chinese_NNP would_MD not_XNOT eat_VB ._. ^ it_PP3 F07 6 is_BEZ not_XNOT our_PP$ purpose_NN to_TO discuss_VB F07 7 this_DT dictum_NN ._. ^ suffice_VB to_TO say_VB that_CS few_AP of_IN F07 7 us_PP1OS stop_VB to_TO marvel_VB at_IN the_ATI F07 8 progress_NN of_IN civilisation_NN which_WDTR allows_VBZ a_AT dish_NN F07 8 borrowed_VBN straight_RB from_IN F07 9 the_ATI prehistoric_JJ ._. ^ how_WRB many_AP centuries_NNS ago_RB ,_, F07 9 in_IN some_DTI cave_NN or_CC hilly_JJ hide_NN ,_, F07 10 did_DOD our_PP$ forebears_NNS home_NR from_IN the_ATI chase_NN hold_VB F07 10 forth_RP from_IN a_AT spear_NN the_ATI F07 11 welcome_JJ gobbet_NN of_IN meat_NN or_CC fish_NN burnt_VBN and_CC F07 11 roasted_VBN in_IN the_ATI homely_JJ and_CC F07 12 protecting_JJ flame_NN ._. ^ how_WRB many_AP centuries_NNS later_RBR F07 12 did_DOD the_ATI mercenary_NN in_IN the_ATI F07 13 Roman_JNP wars_NNS thus_RB impale_VB on_IN pike_NN or_CC lance_NN F07 13 his_PP$ evening_NN meal_NN ._. ^ later_RBR came_VBD F07 14 the_ATI thrifty_JJ peasant_NN ,_, later_RBR still_RB the_ATI young_JJ F07 14 Victorian_JNP buck_NN adventuring_NN F07 15 in_IN Paris_NP ,_, and_CC even_RB later_RBR our_PP$ attractive_JJ F07 15 young_JJ ladies_NNS toying_VBG with_IN these_DTS F07 16 primitive_JJ morsels_NNS in_IN the_ATI gleam_NN and_CC glitter_NN of_IN F07 16 our_PP$ latter-day_JJB F07 17 restaurants_NNS ._. ^ and_CC ,_, if_CS certain_JJ dishes_NNS and_CC F07 17 modes_NNS of_IN food_NN have_HV persisted_VBN F07 18 down_IN the_ATI ages_NNS ,_, the_ATI motive_NN that_WPR preserved_VBD F07 18 them_PP3OS has_HVZ always_RB been_BEN the_ATI F07 19 same_AP ._. ^ apart_IN from_IN" the_ATI need_NN for_IN nourishment_NN F07 19 ,_, the_ATI instinct_NN of_IN F07 20 hospitality_NN has_HVZ always_RB been_BEN strong_JJ in_IN mankind_NN F07 20 ._. ^ the_ATI sharing_NN of_IN a_AT meal_NN F07 21 in_IN those_DTS earliest_JJT dangerous_JJ days_NNS was_BEDZ an_AT F07 21 admittance_NN into_IN an_AT F07 22 acquaintanceship_NN far_RB more_QL important_JJ than_IN the_ATI F07 22 casual_JJ meetings_NNS of_IN the_ATI F07 23 present_JJ day_NN ;_; the_ATI desire_NN to_TO share_VB something_PN F07 23 more_QL intimate_JJ than_IN mere_JJB F07 24 converse_NN has_HVZ always_RB been_BEN there_RN ._. ^ the_ATI truth_NN F07 24 is_BEZ that_CS good_JJ food_NN offers_VBZ a_AT F07 25 programme_NN of_IN entertainment_NN almost_RB unlimited_JJ in_IN F07 25 its_PP$ variety_NN and_CC its_PP$ F07 26 presentation_NN affords_VBZ an_AT opportunity_NN of_IN showing_VBG a_AT F07 26 guest_NN something_PN of_IN F07 27 ourselves_PPLS ._. F07 28 ^ an_AT amazing_JJ epoch_NN of_IN grossness_NN and_CC delicacy_NN ._. F07 29 ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ a_AT far_JJ enough_QLP cry_NN from_IN the_ATI F07 29 primitive_JJ meal-times_NNS of_IN a_AT F07 30 simpler_JJR world_NN to_IN the_ATI banquets_NNS of_IN later_JJR F07 30 days_NNS ,_, when_WRB the_ATI table_NN groaned_VBD F07 31 under_IN its_PP$ load_NN of_IN complicated_JJ dishes_NNS ,_, and_CC F07 31 for_IN all_ABN the_ATI blossoming_NN of_IN F07 32 the_ATI arts_NNS around_IN them_PP3OS the_ATI diners_NNS were_BED F07 32 little_RB removed_VBN :_: it_PP3 was_BEDZ still_RB F07 33 fingers_NNS before_IN forks_NNS *-_*- from_IN their_PP$ prototype_NN F07 33 ,_, the_ATI hungry_JJ hunter_NN ._. ^ there_EX F07 34 was_BEDZ always_RB the_ATI spice_NN of_IN an_AT orgy_NN in_IN those_DTS F07 34 Roman_JNP feasts_NNS ,_, for_IN instance_NN ,_, F07 35 with_IN all_ABN their_PP$ peacocks_NNS and_CC nightingales'_NNS$ F07 35 tongues_NNS ;_; unreasonable_JJ F07 36 surfeit_NN ,_, too_RB ,_, in_IN the_ATI elaborate_JJ fashion_NN of_IN F07 36 eating_NN brought_VBN out_RP of_IN Italy_NP F07 37 into_IN France_NP ,_, we_PP1AS are_BER told_VBN ,_, by_IN Catherine_NP F07 37 de_&FW Medici_NP ._. ^ the_ATI peasant_NN in_IN F07 38 those_DTS days_NNS ,_, as_CS ever_RB ,_, ate_VBD sparingly_RB ,_, F07 38 but_CC generously_RB enough_QLP in_IN his_PP$ own_AP F07 39 fashion_NN ,_, save_CS at_IN feast_NN times_NNS ,_, when_WRB he_PP3A F07 39 ,_, too_RB ,_, let_VBD himself_PPL go_VB ;_; and_CC it_PP3 was_BEDZ F07 40 from_IN his_PP$ simpler_JJR food_NN that_CS the_ATI later_JJR F07 40 renaissance_NN of_IN cooking_NN was_BEDZ to_TO F07 41 come_VB ._. ^ epicures_NNS and_CC gourmands_NNS ,_, sated_VBN by_IN F07 41 the_ATI unending_JJ procession_NN of_IN F07 42 dishes_NNS from_IN those_DTS mammoth_NN kitchens_NNS of_IN the_ATI F07 42 18th_OD century_NN *-_*- that_DT amazing_JJ F07 43 epoch_NN of_IN grossness_NN and_CC delicacy_NN *-_*- sought_VBD F07 43 inspiration_NN at_RB last_RB" from_IN the_ATI F07 44 dishes_NNS of_IN the_ATI country_NN ,_, and_CC ,_, instead_RB of_IN F07 44 gorging_VBG the_ATI eye_NN with_IN magnitude_NN ,_, F07 45 began_VBD to_TO understand_VB the_ATI value_NN of_IN intelligent_JJ F07 45 selection_NN and_CC comparative_JJ F07 46 simplicity_NN ,_, though_CS nowadays_RB their_PP$ simplified_JJ F07 46 meals_NNS would_MD seem_VB quite_RB F07 47 monstrous_JJ ._. F07 48 ^ the_ATI fleshpots_NNS of_IN Egypt_NP for_IN which_WDTR Israel_NP F07 48 sighed_VBD ._. F07 49 ^ does_DOZ one_CD1 ,_, however_RB ,_, know_VB who_WP first_RB F07 49 thought_VBD of_IN boiling_VBG water_NN and_CC F07 50 food_NN ?_? ^ the_ATI ancient_JJ Britons_NNPS ,_, I_PP1A believe_VB ,_, F07 50 used_VBD to_TO make_VB water_NN hot_JJ by_IN F07 51 dropping_VBG a_AT red-hot_JJ poker_NN into_IN it_PP3 ,_, because_CS F07 51 their_PP$ pots_NNS would_MD not_XNOT stand_VB F07 52 fire_NN ;_; but_CC Jacob_NP must_MD have_HV had_HVN one_CD1 that_WPR F07 52 would_MD ,_, because_CS Esau_NP sold_VBD his_PP$ F07 53 birthright_NN to_IN him_PP3O for_IN a_AT mess_NN of_IN pottage_NN *-_*- F07 53 and_CC then_RN we_PP1AS hear_VB of_IN the_ATI F07 54 fleshpots_NNS of_IN Egypt_NP after_IN which_WDTR the_ATI F07 54 Israelites_NNPS sighed_VBD ._. ^ anyhow_RB ,_, Homer_NP F07 55 does_DOZ not_XNOT seem_VB to_TO have_HV known_VBN any_DTI way_NN of_IN F07 55 cooking_VBG meat_NN except_CS by_IN roasting_NN F07 56 and_CC boiling_NN ._. ^ when_WRB Achilles_NP gave_VBD a_AT royal_JJ F07 56 feast_NN the_ATI principal_JJB dish_NN was_BEDZ F07 57 a_AT grill_NN ,_, which_WDTR he_PP3A cooked_VBD himself_PPL ,_, and_CC F07 57 he_PP3A knew_VBD how_WRB to_TO do_DO it_PP3 ,_, too_RB :_: *-_*- F07 58 *"_*' F07 59 ^ when_WRB the_ATI languid_JJ flames_NNS at_RB length_RB" subside_VB F07 59 ,_, F07 60 he_PP3A throws_VBZ a_AT bed_NN of_IN glowing_JJ embers_NNS wide_RB F07 60 ;_; F07 61 above_IN the_ATI coals_NNS the_ATI smoking_JJ fragment_NN turns_VBZ F07 61 ,_, F07 62 and_CC sprinkles_VBZ sacred_JJ salt_NN from_IN lifted_JJ urns_NNS F07 62 ._. F07 63 **"_**' F07 64 ^ when_WRB ,_, however_RB ,_, the_ATI Greeks_NNPS did_DOD learn_VB F07 64 the_ATI art_NN of_IN making_VBG fireproof_JJ F07 65 earthenware_NN from_IN the_ATI Egyptians_NNPS ,_, their_PP$ cookery_NN F07 65 made_VBD rapid_JJ progress_NN ,_, F07 66 because_CS they_PP3AS were_BED men_NNS of_IN taste_NN and_CC F07 66 intellect_NN ._. F07 67 ^ richly-distilled_JJ perfumes_NNS as_IN an_AT aid_NN to_IN F07 67 digestion_NN ._. F07 68 ^ a_AT remarkable_JJ peculiarity_NN in_IN the_ATI banquets_NNS of_IN F07 68 the_ATI ancient_JJ world_NN F07 69 was_BEDZ the_ATI fact_NN that_CS they_PP3AS did_DOD not_XNOT confine_VB F07 69 the_ATI resources_NNS of_IN the_ATI table_NN to_IN F07 70 the_ATI gratification_NN of_IN one_CD1 sense_NN alone_RB ._. ^ F07 70 having_HVG exhausted_VBN their_PP$ F07 71 invention_NN in_IN the_ATI preparation_NN of_IN stimulants_NNS for_IN F07 71 the_ATI palate_NN ,_, they_PP3AS broke_VBD F07 72 fresh_JJ ground_NN and_CC called_VBD another_DT sense_NN to_IN F07 72 their_PP$ aid_NN ._. ^ by_IN delicate_JJ F07 73 application_NN of_IN odours_NNS and_CC richly-distilled_JJ perfumes_NNS F07 73 ,_, these_DTS refined_JJ F07 74 voluptuaries_NNS aroused_VBD the_ATI fainting_JJ appetite_NN and_CC F07 74 added_VBD a_AT more_QL exquisite_JJ F07 75 and_CC ethereal_JJ enjoyment_NN to_IN the_ATI grosser_JJR pleasures_NNS F07 75 of_IN the_ATI board_NN ._. ^ the_ATI F07 76 gratification_NN of_IN the_ATI sense_NN of_IN smelling_NN was_BEDZ a_AT F07 76 subject_NN of_IN no_ATI little_AP F07 77 importance_NN to_IN the_ATI Romans_NNPS ._. ^ they_PP3AS considered_VBD F07 77 flowers_NNS as_CS forming_VBG a_AT very_QL F07 78 essential_JJ article_NN in_IN their_PP$ festal_JJ preparations_NNS ;_; F07 78 and_CC it_PP3 is_BEZ the_ATI opinion_NN F07 79 of_IN Bassius_NP that_CS at_IN their_PP$ desserts_NNS the_ATI number_NN F07 79 of_IN flowers_NNS far_RB exceeded_VBD F07 80 the_ATI number_NN of_IN fruits_NNS ._. ^ when_WRB Nero_NP supped_VBD F07 80 in_IN his_PP$ golden_JJ house_NN ,_, a_AT mingled_JJ F07 81 shower_NN of_IN flowers_NNS and_CC odorous_JJ essences_NNS fell_VBD F07 81 upon_IN him_PP3O ;_; and_CC one_CD1 of_IN the_ATI F07 82 recreations_NNS of_IN Heliogabalus_NP was_BEDZ to_TO smother_VB his_PP$ F07 82 courtiers_NNS with_IN flowers_NNS ._. F07 83 ^ nor_CC was_BEDZ it_PP3 entirely_RB as_IN an_AT object_NN of_IN F07 83 luxury_NN that_CS the_ATI ancients_NNS made_VBD use_NN F07 84 of_IN flowers_NNS ;_; they_PP3AS were_BED considered_VBN to_TO F07 84 possess_VB sanative_JJ and_CC medicinal_JJ F07 85 qualities_NNS ._. ^ according_IN to_IN" Pliny_NP ,_, and_CC others_APS F07 85 ,_, certain_JJ herbs_NNS and_CC flowers_NNS F07 86 proved_VBD of_IN sovereign_JJ power_NN in_IN preventing_VBG the_ATI F07 86 approaches_NNS of_IN ebriety_NN ,_, or_CC ,_, F07 87 as_CS Bassius_NP less_QL clearly_RB expresses_VBZ it_PP3 ,_, in_IN F07 87 clarifying_VBG the_ATI functions_NNS of_IN F07 88 the_ATI brain_NN ._. F07 89 ^ the_ATI queer_JJ dinners_NNS of_IN strange_JJ lands_NNS ._. F07 90 ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ said_VBN that_CS there_EX is_BEZ nothing_PN new_JJ F07 90 under_IN the_ATI sun_NN ,_, but_CC F07 91 regarding_IN foodstuffs_NNS the_ATI traveller_NN occasionally_RB F07 91 encounters_VBZ a_AT certain_JJ F07 92 measure_NN of_IN novelty_NN ._. ^ in_IN China_NP ,_, for_IN instance_NN F07 92 ,_, dried_JJ rats_NNS are_BER esteemed_VBN a_AT F07 93 delicacy_NN ._. ^ the_ATI visitor_NN is_BEZ told_VBN that_CS they_PP3AS F07 93 restore_VB the_ATI hair_NN of_IN the_ATI bald_JJ F07 94 and_CC that_CS a_AT stewed_JJ black_JJ rat_NN will_MD ward_VB off_RP F07 94 a_AT fever_NN ._. ^ a_AT number_NN of_IN F07 95 newly-born_JJB white_JJ mice_NNS served_VBN alive_JJ ,_, dipped_VBN F07 95 in_IN treacle_NN and_CC swallowed_VBN F07 96 like_IN a_AT prairie_NN oyster_NN is_BEZ considered_VBN a_AT piece_NN F07 96 of_IN resistance_NN ._. F07 97 ^ among_IN the_ATI natives_NNS of_IN northern_JJ Australia_NP F07 97 lizards_NNS roasted_VBN on_IN the_ATI point_NN F07 98 of_IN a_AT spear_NN are_BER definitely_RB a_AT delicacy_NN while_CS F07 98 Mediterranean_NP peoples_NNS have_HV F07 99 a_AT high_JJ opinion_NN of_IN the_ATI octopus_NN as_IN an_AT article_NN F07 99 of_IN diet_NN ._. ^ so_PN have_HV the_ATI F07 100 Japanese_NNPS and_CC the_ATI Chinese_NNPS ._. ^ the_ATI celestials_NNS F07 100 ,_, apart_IN from_IN" eating_VBG it_PP3 fresh_JJ ,_, F07 101 squash_VB it_PP3 ,_, press_VB it_PP3 and_CC dry_VB it_PP3 ,_, in_IN F07 101 which_WDTR form_NN ,_, dusted_VBN over_RP with_IN flour_NN ,_, F07 102 you_PP2 will_MD find_VB a_AT stack_NN of_IN it_PP3 in_IN almost_RB F07 102 any_DTI provision_NN shop_NN ._. ^ bats_NNS are_BER F07 103 eagerly_RB eaten_VBN in_IN Dahomey_NP ,_, some_DTI of_IN the_ATI F07 103 Polynesian_JNP islands_NNS ,_, the_ATI Malay_JNP F07 104 archipelago_NN and_CC elsewhere_RB ._. ^ badger_NN hams_NNS are_BER F07 104 a_AT delicacy_NN in_IN China_NP while_CS F07 105 mole_NN is_BEZ eaten_VBN in_IN many_AP parts_NNS of_IN Africa_NP ._. F07 106 ^ taste_NN and_CC temperament_NN in_IN curiosities_NNS of_IN diet_NN F07 106 ._. F07 107 ^ the_ATI old_JJ saying_NN ,_, ~ *'_*' one_CD1 man's_NN$ meat_NN F07 107 is_BEZ another_DT man's_NN$ poison_NN **'_**' ,_, F07 108 therefore_RB possesses_VBZ a_AT great_JJ deal_NN of_IN truth_NN ._. ^ F07 108 taste_NN and_CC temperament_NN in_IN F07 109 fact_NN play_VB a_AT great_JJ part_NN in_IN life_NN ,_, and_CC there_EX F07 109 are_BER many_AP instances_NNS of_IN F07 110 eccentricity_NN in_IN diet_NN and_CC dishes_NNS ,_, as_CS in_IN F07 110 everything_PN else_RB in_IN life_NN ._. F07 111 ^ mankind_NN has_HVZ tried_VBN all_ABN kinds_NNS of_IN food_NN from_IN F07 111 roots_NNS to_IN bird's_NN$ nests_NNS ,_, and_CC F07 112 from_IN snails_NNS to_IN elephant's_NN$ feet_NNS or_CC walrus_NN F07 112 blubber_NN ._. ^ though_CS English_JNP folk_NNS F07 113 to-day_NR enjoy_VB shrimps_NNS and_CC eat_VB periwinkles_NNS with_IN F07 113 a_AT pin_NN ,_, they_PP3AS shudder_VB at_IN F07 114 the_ATI Frenchman_NNP who_WPR relishes_VBZ snails_NNS and_CC frogs_NNS F07 114 ._. ^ the_ATI West_NP Indian_JNP negro_NN F07 115 refuses_VBZ to_TO look_VB at_IN stewed_JJ rabbit_NN ,_, but_CC will_MD F07 115 eat_VB palm_NN worms_NNS fried_VBN in_IN F07 116 oils_NNS and_CC is_BEZ fond_JJ of_IN baked_JJ snakes_NNS ._. ^ in_IN F07 116 Brazil_NP and_CC Siam_NP the_ATI natives_NNS eat_VB F07 117 ants_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI entrails_NNS of_IN animals_NNS are_BER F07 117 relished_VBN in_IN Salonica_NP ;_; they_PP3AS are_BER F07 118 eaten_VBN just_RB as_CS the_ATI Italian_NNP eats_VBZ his_PP$ F07 118 macaroni_NN ._. ^ the_ATI heads_NNS of_IN the_ATI lambs_NNS F07 119 are_BER considered_VBN great_JJ delicacies_NNS and_CC go_VB first_RB F07 119 ._. ^ when_WRB roasted_VBN ,_, the_ATI F07 120 unbounded_JJ joy_NN of_IN the_ATI native_NN cracking_VBG the_ATI F07 120 skull_NN and_CC picking_VBG out_RP the_ATI F07 121 tasty_JJ bits_NNS is_BEZ nauseating_JJ in_IN the_ATI extreme_NN ._. ^ F07 121 Siberian_JNP peasants_NNS view_VB with_IN F07 122 disgust_NN the_ATI idea_NN of_IN eating_VBG hare_NN ._. ^ but_CC F07 122 there_EX are_BER West_NP Indian_JNP natives_NNS F07 123 who_WPR declare_VB that_CS no_ATI food_NN in_IN the_ATI world_NN F07 123 comes_VBZ up_RP to_IN fricassee_NN of_IN rats_NNS F07 124 that_WPR have_HV fattened_VBN themselves_PPLS in_IN the_ATI F07 124 sugar-cane_NN plantations_NNS ._. ^ each_DT to_IN F07 125 his_PP$ taste_NN ,_, therefore_RB ,_, seems_VBZ to_TO be_BE a_AT F07 125 reasonable_JJ policy_NN to_TO pursue_VB ._. ^ a_AT F07 126 knowledge_NN of_IN the_ATI world's_NN$ foods_NNS ,_, in_IN any_DTI F07 126 case_NN ,_, ought_MD to_TO increase_VB F07 127 international_JJ tolerance_NN ._. F07 128 ^ national_JJ foods_NNS which_WDTR affect_VB the_ATI temperament_NN ._. F07 129 ^ foodlore_NN reflects_VBZ much_AP more_AP of_IN national_JJ F07 129 temperament_NN than_CS is_BEZ F07 130 customarily_RB imagined_VBN as_IN well_IN" as_IN" entering_VBG human_JJ F07 130 activities_NNS to_IN a_AT greater_JJR F07 131 extent_NN than_CS is_BEZ usually_RB assumed_VBN ._. ^ we_PP1AS F07 131 naturally_RB can_MD not_XNOT overlook_VB that_CS F07 132 Magyar_NP cookery_NN owes_VBZ one_CD1 of_IN its_PP$ most_QL classic_JJ F07 132 features_NNS to_IN the_ATI Turkish_JNP F07 133 rule_NN under_IN which_WDTR the_ATI Hungarians_NNPS groaned_VBD for_IN F07 133 nearly_RB 200_CD years_NNS ._. ^ if_CS that_DT F07 134 country_NN had_HVD not_XNOT been_BEN for_IN so_QL long_RB a_AT F07 134 battlefield_NN red_JJ with_IN the_ATI blood_NN shed_VBN F07 135 to_TO defend_VB Christian_JNP civilisation_NN ,_, Hungary_NP would_MD F07 135 have_HV been_BEN deprived_VBN of_IN F07 136 the_ATI condiment_NN which_WDTR provides_VBZ many_AP Magyar_NP F07 136 dishes_NNS with_IN a_AT vivid_JJ and_CC F07 137 brilliant_JJ scarlet_JJ hue_NN ._. ^ the_ATI Austrian_JNP cuisine_NN F07 137 embraces_VBZ the_ATI delectable_JJ F07 138 Wiener_NP Schnitzel_NP as_CC well_CC" as_CC" dishes_NNS and_CC F07 138 stews_NNS heightened_VBN with_IN F07 139 aromatics_NNS where_WRB the_ATI paprika_NN insinuates_VBZ its_PP$ F07 139 perfidious_JJ fire_NN ,_, aerian_JJ F07 140 creams_NNS ,_, ingenious_JJ pastries_NNS and_CC a_AT crescent-shaped_JJ F07 140 breakfast_NN roll_NN F07 141 created_VBN by_IN a_AT pastry_NN cook_NN to_TO celebrate_VB the_ATI F07 141 victory_NN against_IN the_ATI Turks_NNPS in_IN F07 142 1683_CD ._. ^ Spanish_JNP cookery_NN is_BEZ reminiscent_JJ of_IN F07 142 bull-fights_NNS ,_, of_IN Spanish_JNP F07 143 dancing_NN and_CC of_IN Goja_NP :_: it_PP3 is_BEZ vivid_JJ ,_, F07 143 highly_RB coloured_JJ ,_, sometimes_RB quixotic_JJ F07 144 and_CC withal_RB it_PP3 has_HVZ a_AT sombre_JJ ardour_NN ,_, with_IN F07 144 streaks_NNS of_IN poetry_NN ,_, meat_NN F07 145 disguised_VBN under_IN heavy_JJ and_CC vehement_JJ sauces_NNS ,_, F07 145 pimentos_NNS and_CC rancid_JJ butter_NN ._. F07 146 ^ the_ATI Czechoslovak_JNP kitchen_NN ,_, again_RB ,_, is_BEZ so_QL F07 146 languorous_JJ ,_, so_QL passionate_JJ ,_, and_CC F07 147 possibly_RB comparable_JJ alone_RB to_IN a_AT gypsy_NN melody_NN ._. ^ F07 147 the_ATI paprika_NN and_CC caraway_NN F07 148 perfume_VB the_ATI meats_NNS with_IN their_PP$ antithesis_NN ._. ^ F07 148 the_ATI opulent_JJ varieties_NNS of_IN F07 149 Czechoslovak_JNP pastries_NNS recall_VB in_IN fact_NN the_ATI rich_JJ F07 149 heritage_NN of_IN rich_JJ F07 150 embroideries_NNS and_CC costumes_NNS specifically_RB national_JJ ._. F07 151 ^ art_NN and_CC science_NN of_IN the_ATI kitchen_NN :_: F07 152 ^ the_ATI art_NN and_CC science_NN of_IN cookery_NN ,_, however_RB F07 152 ,_, is_BEZ essentially_RB French_JNP ,_, F07 153 and_CC ,_, irrespective_IN of_IN" the_ATI fact_NN that_CS I_PP1A F07 153 have_HV never_RB run_VBN across_RP anyone_PN in_IN F07 154 Gaul_NP who_WPR has_HVZ been_BEN a_AT glutton_NN ,_, I_PP1A can_MD F07 154 positively_RB say_VB that_CS it_PP3 has_HVZ been_BEN F07 155 equally_RB difficult_JJ to_TO find_VB one_CD1 who_WPR has_HVZ not_XNOT F07 155 been_BEN an_AT epicure_NN ._. ^ the_ATI French_NNPS F07 156 have_HV an_AT inborn_JJ appreciation_NN of_IN good_JJ food_NN and_CC F07 156 the_ATI gusto_NN which_WDTR they_PP3AS F07 157 derive_VB from_IN gastronomy_NN is_BEZ intellectual_JJ and_CC F07 157 aesthetic_JJ as_CC well_CC" as_CC" F07 158 physical_JJ ._. ^ there_EX is_BEZ the_ATI same_AP finesse_NN about_IN F07 158 their_PP$ feeding_NN ,_, the_ATI same_AP F07 159 subtle_JJ delicacy_NN of_IN touch_NN ,_, the_ATI same_AP unfailing_JJ F07 159 sense_NN of_IN proportion_NN as_CS F07 160 exists_VBZ among_IN her_PP$ writers_NNS ,_, music_NN composers_NNS F07 160 and_CC other_AP exponents_NNS of_IN F07 161 things_NNS that_WPR are_BER typically_RB French_JNP ._. ^ the_ATI *'_*' F07 161 pot-au-feu_&FW **'_**' is_BEZ as_QL much_RB F07 162 a_AT national_JJ institution_NN in_IN France_NP as_CS is_BEZ tea_NN F07 162 drinking_NN among_IN ourselves_PPLS F07 163 and_CC it_PP3 is_BEZ prepared_VBN at_RB least_RB" once_RB a_AT week_NN F07 163 in_IN every_AT bourgeois_JJ household_NN ._. F07 164 ^ Thackeray_NP ,_, of_RB course_RB" ,_, waxed_VBD enthusiastic_JJ F07 164 about_IN bouillabaisse_NN and_CC F07 165 sang_VBD *-_*- F07 166 *"_*' F07 167 ^ this_DT bouillabaisse_NN a_AT noble_JJ dish_NN is_BEZ ,_, F07 168 a_AT sort_NN of_IN soup_NN ,_, or_CC broth_NN ,_, or_CC brew_NN ,_, F07 169 a_AT hotch-potch_NN of_IN all_ABN sorts_NNS of_IN fishes_NNS F07 170 that_WPR Greenwich_NP never_RB could_MD outdo_VB ;_; F07 171 green_JJ herbs_NNS ,_, red_JJ peppers_NNS ,_, mussels_NNS ,_, F07 171 saffron_NN ,_, F07 172 soles_NNS ,_, onions_NNS ,_, garlic_NN ,_, roach_NN and_CC dace_NN F07 172 ._. F07 173 **"_**' F07 174 ^ genius_NN &_CC food_NN *-_*- food_NN for_IN thought_NN ._. F07 175 ^ a_AT fascinating_JJ study_NN also_RB opens_VBZ up_RP in_IN the_ATI F07 175 dietary_NN welcomed_VBN by_IN F07 176 men_NNS of_IN genius_NN as_CC well_CC" as_CC" the_ATI foods_NNS for_IN F07 176 which_WDTR they_PP3AS have_HV had_HVN an_AT F07 177 aversion_NN ._. ^ Shelley_NP ,_, for_IN example_NN ,_, had_HVD a_AT F07 177 great_JJ contempt_NN for_IN animal_NN food_NN ,_, F07 178 believing_VBG that_CS it_PP3 impaired_VBD the_ATI intellectual_JJ F07 178 faculties_NNS ._. ^ Bunyan's_NP$ F07 179 breakfast_NN and_CC supper_NN consisted_VBD of_IN a_AT piece_NN of_IN F07 179 coarse_JJ bread_NN and_CC a_AT bowl_NN F07 180 of_IN milk_NN ._. ^ Dante_NP Gabriel_NP Rossetti_NP had_HVD simple_JJ F07 180 tastes_NNS in_IN food_NN ._. ^ at_IN one_CD1 F07 181 dinner_NN he_PP3A is_BEZ said_VBN to_TO have_HV been_BEN blind_JJ to_IN F07 181 the_ATI charms_NNS of_IN turbot_NN and_CC to_TO F07 182 have_HV been_BEN much_RB more_QL interested_JJ in_IN the_ATI dish_NN F07 182 in_IN which_WDTR it_PP3 was_BEDZ served_VBN ._. ^ he_PP3A F07 183 turned_VBD it_PP3 over_RP on_IN the_ATI table_NN cloth_NN to_TO F07 183 examine_VB the_ATI marks_NNS on_IN the_ATI back_NN F07 184 without_IN going_VBG through_IN the_ATI formality_NN of_IN having_HVG F07 184 his_PP$ turbot_NN removed_VBN F07 185 first_RB ._. ^ Wagner_NP was_BEDZ a_AT highly_RB practical_JJ feeder_NN F07 185 ._. ^ he_PP3A ate_VBD very_QL fast_RB ,_, F07 186 placing_VBG his_PP$ food_NN in_IN his_PP$ mouth_NN and_CC gulping_VBG F07 186 it_PP3 down_RP as_CS he_PP3A talked_VBD ._. F07 187 ^ Brigham_NP Young_NP would_MD make_VB a_AT dinner_NN on_IN tripe_NN F07 187 which_WDTR he_PP3A washed_VBD down_RP with_IN F07 188 beer_NN ._. ^ a_AT writer_NN who_WPR had_HVD dinner_NN with_IN F07 188 Dickens_NP says_VBZ the_ATI menu_NN was_BEDZ F07 189 Whitstable_NP oysters_NNS ,_, a_AT brown_JJ sole_NN ,_, a_AT baked_JJ F07 189 leg_NN of_IN mutton_NN with_IN oyster_NN &_CC F07 190 veal_NN stuffing_NN and_CC a_AT gin_NN punch_NN ._. ^ the_ATI same_AP F07 190 man_NN went_VBD to_TO see_VB Carlyle_NP ,_, and_CC ,_, F07 191 after_IN mentioning_VBG that_CS he_PP3A had_HVD dined_VBN with_IN F07 191 Longfellow_NP told_VBD the_ATI sage_NN a_AT F07 192 very_QL funny_JJ story_NN which_WDTR made_VBD Carlyle_NP absolutely_RB F07 192 laugh_VB ;_; but_CC all_ABN the_ATI F07 193 Chelsea_NP philosopher_NN did_DOD in_IN return_NN was_BEDZ to_TO ask_VB F07 193 if_CS his_PP$ guest_NN would_MD have_HV a_AT F07 194 cup_NN of_IN tea_NN !_! F08 2 ^ the_ATI young_JJ woman_NN living_VBG alone_JJ ._. F08 3 ^ all_ABN that_WPR has_HVZ been_BEN said_VBN in_IN the_ATI F08 3 foregoing_JJ pages_NNS about_IN what_WDT is_BEZ F08 4 meant_VBN by_IN a_AT lady_NN ,_, is_BEZ true_JJ for_IN all_ABN F08 4 women_NNS and_CC young_JJ girls_NNS ._. ^ but_CC in_IN these_DTS F08 5 days_NNS ,_, so_QL many_AP young_JJ women_NNS leave_VB the_ATI F08 5 protection_NN of_IN the_ATI parental_JJ home_NR F08 6 long_RB before_CS they_PP3AS acquire_VB the_ATI status_NN of_IN a_AT F08 6 married_JJ woman_NN ,_, that_CS a_AP few_AP" F08 7 rules_NNS for_IN their_PP$ guidance_NN are_BER most_QL necessary_JJ ._. F08 7 ^ girls_NNS in_IN jobs_NNS living_VBG in_IN F08 8 bachelor_NN digs_NNS ,_, girl_NN students_NNS in_IN towns_NNS F08 8 distant_JJ from_IN their_PP$ homes_NRS ,_, girls_NNS F08 9 travelling_VBG the_ATI world_NN alone_JJ ,_, even_RB ,_, may_MD seem_VB F08 9 and_CC indeed_RB be_BE emancipated_VBN ,_, F08 10 but_CC they_PP3AS are_BER not_XNOT released_VBN from_IN the_ATI F08 10 ordinary_JJ rules_NNS of_IN good_JJ behaviour_NN ._. F08 11 ^ indeed_RB ,_, it_PP3 may_MD be_BE wise_JJ for_IN them_PP3OS to_TO F08 11 observe_VB such_ABL rules_NNS even_RB more_QL F08 12 carefully_RB ,_, inasmuch_CS as_CS" they_PP3AS are_BER judged_VBN F08 12 entirely_RB on_IN their_PP$ own_AP behaviour_NN F08 13 and_CC deportment_NN ,_, and_CC not_XNOT at_IN all_ABN on_IN their_PP$ F08 13 home_NR backgrounds_NNS or_CC the_ATI social_JJ F08 14 standing_NN of_IN their_PP$ parents_NNS ._. F08 15 ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ not_XNOT the_ATI function_NN of_IN this_DT book_NN F08 15 to_TO enter_VB into_IN questions_NNS of_IN F08 16 morals_NNS but_CC to_TO provide_VB a_AT guide_NN to_IN behaviour_NN F08 16 that_WPR will_MD not_XNOT cause_VB F08 17 eyebrows_NNS to_TO be_BE raised_VBN ._. ^ however_WRB innocent_JJ F08 17 her_PP$ morals_NNS in_IN actual_JJ fact_NN ,_, F08 18 the_ATI young_JJ woman_NN whose_WP$R behaviour_NN departs_VBZ widely_RB F08 18 from_IN accepted_JJ F08 19 contemporary_JJ standards_NNS is_BEZ likely_JJ to_TO cause_VB heads_NNS F08 19 to_TO shake_VB ,_, tongues_NNS to_TO F08 20 wag_VB ,_, and_CC some_DTI doors_NNS will_MD close_VB to_IN her_PP3O F08 20 and_CC some_DTI men_NNS feel_VB that_CS she_PP3A could_MD F08 21 not_XNOT make_VB them_PP3OS a_AT suitable_JJ wife_NN ._. F08 22 ^ the_ATI way_NN she_PP3A lives_VBZ is_BEZ the_ATI first_OD F08 22 problem_NN ._. ^ to_TO live_VB in_IN a_AT recognised_JJ F08 23 residential_JJ club_NN such_IN as_IN" the_ATI \0Y.W.C.A_NP or_CC F08 23 university_NN hostel_NN is_BEZ F08 24 one_CD1 acceptable_JJ solution_NN ;_; others_APS are_BER to_TO board_VB F08 24 with_IN a_AT family_NN ,_, or_CC to_TO F08 25 share_VB a_AT flat_NN with_IN one_CD1 or_CC two_CD other_AP girls_NNS F08 25 in_IN similar_JJ circumstances_NNS ._. F08 26 ^ for_IN slightly_RB older_JJR ,_, more_QL experienced_JJ young_JJ F08 26 women_NNS ,_, a_AT room_NN in_IN a_AT F08 27 *'_*' family_NN hotel_NN **'_**' ,_, a_AT converted_JJ house_NN F08 27 made_VBN over_RP for_IN boarders_NNS ,_, or_CC a_AT flat_NN F08 28 in_IN a_AT respectable_JJ block_NN preferably_RB near_RI to_IN F08 28 friends_NNS of_IN her_PP$ family_NN ,_, or_CC F08 29 relations_NNS ,_, are_BER other_AP possibilities_NNS ._. ^ however_WRB F08 29 impeccable_JJ her_PP$ own_AP F08 30 behaviour_NN ,_, she_PP3A should_MD avoid_VB living_VBG with_IN ,_, F08 30 or_CC near_IN ,_, people_NNS who_WPR clearly_RB F08 31 have_HV less_AP regard_NN for_IN convention_NN ._. F08 32 ^ in_IN her_PP$ social_JJ relationships_NNS with_IN men_NNS ,_, F08 32 the_ATI woman_NN living_VBG alone_JJ must_MD F08 33 accept_VB certain_JJ conventions_NNS ._. ^ she_PP3A should_MD not_XNOT F08 33 lunch_VB or_CC dine_VB alone_JJ with_IN a_AT F08 34 married_JJ man_NN more_RB than_RB" once_RB or_CC twice_RB *-_*- F08 34 unless_CS their_PP$ relationship_NN is_BEZ F08 35 openly_RB a_AT business_NN one_CD1 that_WPR demands_VBZ it_PP3 ._. ^ F08 35 she_PP3A should_MD never_RB allow_VB a_AT man_NN F08 36 guest_NN to_TO stay_VB on_RP after_IN a_AT party_NN at_IN her_PP$ F08 36 flat_NN or_CC room_NN after_CS other_AP guests_NNS F08 37 have_HV gone_VBN ,_, or_CC stay_VB on_RP herself_PPL at_IN a_AT F08 37 man's_NN$ party_NN after_CS the_ATI rest_NN have_HV F08 38 left_VBN ._. ^ she_PP3A should_MD not_XNOT entertain_VB a_AT man_NN F08 38 alone_JJ in_IN her_PP$ apartment_NN ,_, except_IN F08 39 for_IN" the_ATI few_AP brief_JJ minutes_NNS when_WRB he_PP3A calls_VBZ F08 39 for_IN her_PP3O before_IN an_AT evening_NN out_RP F08 40 together_RB ;_; nor_CC should_MD she_PP3A go_VB alone_JJ to_IN a_AT F08 40 man's_NN$ bachelor_NN flat_NN or_CC room_NN ._. F08 41 ^ in_IN most_AP hostels_NNS and_CC boarding_NN houses_NNS ,_, F08 41 convention_NN rules_VBZ that_CS if_CS a_AT man_NN F08 42 and_CC woman_NN are_BER alone_JJ together_RB ,_, which_WDTR may_MD F08 42 at_IN times_NNS be_BE perfectly_RB F08 43 permissible_JJ and_CC necessary_JJ ,_, the_ATI door_NN must_MD be_BE F08 43 left_VBN open_JJ ._. F08 44 ^ the_ATI young_JJ woman_NN living_VBG on_IN her_PP$ own_AP will_MD F08 44 not_XNOT accept_VB an_AT invitation_NN F08 45 from_IN a_AT man_NN to_TO visit_VB his_PP$ country_NN home_NR ,_, F08 45 unless_CS she_PP3A knows_VBZ that_CS his_PP$ mother_NN F08 46 or_CC other_AP married_JJ relation_NN will_MD be_BE there_RN to_TO F08 46 act_VB as_IN hostess_NN for_IN him_PP3O ._. F08 47 ^ preferably_RB ,_, the_ATI invitation_NN should_MD come_VB from_IN F08 47 his_PP$ mother_NN ._. F08 48 ^ the_ATI young_JJ woman_NN living_VBG alone_JJ must_MD be_BE F08 48 especially_RB discreet_JJ about_IN F08 49 drinking_VBG only_RB in_IN strict_JJ moderation_NN ._. ^ here_RN F08 49 again_RB ,_, however_WRB innocent_JJ her_PP$ F08 50 actual_JJ life_NN ,_, if_CS she_PP3A is_BEZ known_VBN not_XNOT to_TO F08 50 behave_VB with_IN strict_JJ regard_NN for_IN F08 51 propriety_NN in_IN any_DTI one_CD1 matter_NN ,_, all_ABN her_PP$ F08 51 other_AP behaviour_NN at_RB once_RB" comes_VBZ F08 52 under_IN suspicion_NN ._. ^ for_IN the_ATI same_AP reason_NN ,_, F08 52 she_PP3A should_MD never_RB accept_VB a_AT F08 53 valuable_JJ present_NN from_IN a_AT man_NN who_WPR is_BEZ not_XNOT a_AT F08 53 relation_NN ._. F08 54 ^ a_AT problem_NN common_JJ to_IN all_ABN young_JJ women_NNS ,_, F08 54 not_XNOT only_RB those_DTS living_VBG on_IN F08 55 their_PP$ own_AP ,_, is_BEZ that_DT of_IN whether_CS ,_, and_CC F08 55 when_WRB ,_, to_TO offer_VB to_TO *'_*' go_VB Dutch_JNP **'_**' or_CC F08 56 share_VB expenses_NNS of_IN an_AT outing_NN with_IN a_AT young_JJ F08 56 man_NN escort_NN ._. F08 57 ^ this_DT is_BEZ quite_ABL an_AT accepted_JJ custom_NN in_IN F08 57 these_DTS days_NNS when_WRB young_JJ women_NNS F08 58 earn_VB sizeable_JJ salaries_NNS ,_, but_CC a_AT girl_NN must_MD F08 58 display_VB good_JJ manners_NNS in_IN the_ATI F08 59 way_NN she_PP3A offers_VBZ to_TO do_DO her_PP$ share_NN of_IN the_ATI F08 59 paying_NN ._. ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ easy_JJ to_TO hurt_VB a_AT F08 60 man's_NN$ feelings_NNS ._. F08 61 ^ with_IN a_AT new_JJ acquaintance_NN ,_, it_PP3 is_BEZ probably_RB F08 61 best_JJT to_TO let_VB the_ATI man_NN F08 62 *'_*' make_VB the_ATI running_NN **'_**' and_CC suggest_VB outings_NNS F08 62 for_IN the_ATI first_OD time_NN or_CC two_CD ;_; F08 63 the_ATI girl_NN should_MD show_VB her_PP$ appreciation_NN by_IN her_PP$ F08 63 obvious_JJ enjoyment_NN and_CC F08 64 animation_NN during_IN the_ATI outing_NN and_CC by_IN her_PP$ F08 64 thanks_NNS at_IN the_ATI end_NN of_IN it_PP3 ._. ^ then_RN F08 65 she_PP3A can_MD either_DTX take_VB her_PP$ turn_NN as_IN host_NN ,_, F08 65 by_IN saying_VBG she_PP3A has_HVZ been_BEN given_VBN F08 66 theatre_NN tickets_NNS (_( or_CC ,_, more_QL simply_RB just_RB ,_, ~ F08 66 *'_*' I_PP1A 've_HV got_VBN two_CD theatre_NN F08 67 tickets_NNS **'_**' ,_, without_IN more_AP explanation_NN )_) and_CC F08 67 asking_VBG him_PP3O to_TO accompany_VB her_PP3O ,_, F08 68 perhaps_RB suggesting_VBG that_DT to_TO make_VB it_PP3 entirely_RB F08 68 *'_*' her_PP$ **'_**' evening_NN ,_, he_PP3A F08 69 allows_VBZ her_PP3O to_TO take_VB him_PP3O for_IN a_AT meal_NN F08 69 beforehand_RB ;_; or_CC alternatively_RB she_PP3A F08 70 can_MD ,_, when_WRB accepting_VBG his_PP$ next_AP invitation_NN ,_, F08 70 say_VB ,_, ^ *'_*' yes_UH ,_, I_PP1A 'd_MD love_VB to_TO F08 71 come_VB ,_, but_CC let_VB 's_PP1OS go_VB Dutch_JNP this_DT time_NN F08 71 **'_**' ._. ^ the_ATI important_JJ thing_NN is_BEZ that_CS F08 72 she_PP3A must_MD make_VB it_PP3 plain_JJ before_IN the_ATI evening_NN F08 72 begins_VBZ that_CS some_DTI or_CC all_ABN F08 73 of_IN the_ATI financial_JJ responsibility_NN for_IN it_PP3 will_MD F08 73 be_BE hers_PP$$ ._. ^ an_AT argument_NN over_IN F08 74 the_ATI restaurant_NN bill_NN or_CC at_IN the_ATI cinema_NN box_NN F08 74 office_NN is_BEZ humiliating_JJ and_CC F08 75 undignified_JJ for_IN a_AT man_NN ,_, and_CC her_PP$ good_JJ F08 75 manners_NNS must_MD save_VB him_PP3O from_IN being_BEG F08 76 put_VBN in_IN such_ABL a_AT situation_NN ._. F08 77 ^ similarly_RB ,_, since_CS most_AP men_NNS like_VB to_TO be_BE F08 77 seen_VBN to_TO do_DO the_ATI paying_NN ,_, it_PP3 is_BEZ F08 78 a_AT tactful_JJ precaution_NN if_CS ,_, at_IN the_ATI start_NN of_IN F08 78 the_ATI evening_NN out_RP ,_, she_PP3A gives_VBZ F08 79 him_PP3O the_ATI theatre_NN tickets_NNS *'_*' to_TO take_VB care_NN F08 79 of_IN **'_**' and_CC ,_, if_CS they_PP3AS are_BER going_VBG to_IN F08 80 a_AT restaurant_NN for_IN which_WDTR she_PP3A is_BEZ paying_VBG ,_, F08 80 a_AT small_JJ purse_NN containing_VBG amply_RB F08 81 enough_QLP for_IN the_ATI evening_NN ,_, from_IN which_WDTR he_PP3A F08 81 can_MD settle_VB the_ATI bills_NNS ,_, taxi_NN F08 82 fares_NNS ,_, \0etc_RB ._. ^ if_CS they_PP3AS are_BER sharing_VBG F08 82 expenses_NNS ,_, it_PP3 is_BEZ tactful_JJ still_RB to_TO F08 83 give_VB him_PP3O the_ATI purse_NN ,_, saying_VBG ^ *'_*' would_MD F08 83 you_PP2 take_VB my_PP$ share_NN out_RP of_IN that_DT ?_? **'_**' F08 84 ^ this_DT avoids_VBZ any_DTI undignified_JJ *'_*' settling-up_NN F08 84 **'_**' of_IN each_DT item_NN of_IN the_ATI F08 85 evening_NN ._. F08 86 ^ introductions_NNS ,_, acknowledgements_NNS and_CC leave_NN taking_NN F08 86 ._. F08 87 ^ when_WRB to_TO perform_VB an_AT introduction_NN often_RB F08 87 puzzles_VBZ the_ATI F08 88 inexperienced_JJ ._. ^ a_AT good_JJ rule_NN is_BEZ ~ *'_*' if_CS in_IN F08 88 doubt_NN ,_, do_DO so_PN **'_**' as_CS it_PP3 is_BEZ F08 89 better_JJR to_TO risk_VB seeming_VBG a_RB little_RB" fussy_JJ than_CS F08 89 to_TO leave_VB two_CD people_NNS each_DT F08 90 wondering_VBG who_WP the_ATI other_AP is_BEZ and_CC wishing_VBG you_PP2 F08 90 had_HVD introduced_VBN them_PP3OS ._. F08 91 ^ an_AT introduction_NN is_BEZ a_AT social_JJ matter_NN ;_; F08 91 therefore_RB one_CD1 would_MD not_XNOT F08 92 introduce_VB a_AT friend_NN to_IN ,_, say_VB ,_, one's_CD1$ doctor_NN F08 92 ,_, since_CS a_AT visit_NN to_IN or_CC from_IN the_ATI F08 93 doctor_NN is_BEZ not_XNOT a_AT social_JJ occasion_NN ._. ^ naturally_RB F08 93 if_CS the_ATI doctor_NN were_BED also_RB a_AT F08 94 personal_JJ friend_NN ,_, or_CC social_JJ acquaintance_NN ,_, the_ATI F08 94 situation_NN might_MD be_BE F08 95 different_JJ and_CC an_AT introduction_NN quite_RB in_IN order_NN ._. F08 96 ^ similarly_RB a_AT chance_JJB meeting_NN with_IN a_AT friend_NN ,_, F08 96 while_CS walking_VBG with_IN F08 97 another_DT friend_NN in_IN the_ATI street_NN ,_, is_BEZ not_XNOT a_AT F08 97 social_JJ occasion_NN and_CC F08 98 introductions_NNS are_BER not_XNOT called_VBN for_IN ;_; unless_CS F08 98 it_PP3 seems_VBZ likely_JJ that_CS one_CD1 is_BEZ F08 99 going_VBG to_TO stand_VB and_CC chat_VB for_IN a_AP few_AP" minutes_NNS F08 99 ,_, or_CC walk_VB along_RP all_ABN together_RB ,_, F08 100 when_WRB an_AT introduction_NN will_MD obviously_RB set_VB everyone_PN F08 100 more_RBR at_IN ease_NN ._. F08 101 ^ the_ATI hostess_NN at_IN a_AT small_JJ party_NN will_MD see_VB F08 101 that_CS guests_NNS are_BER introduced_VBN F08 102 to_IN one_PPLS another_PPLS" ;_; at_IN a_AT large_JJ party_NN it_PP3 F08 102 is_BEZ in_IN order_NN for_IN guests_NNS to_TO effect_VB F08 103 the_ATI introductions_NNS between_IN people_NNS they_PP3AS know_VB ,_, F08 103 or_CC even_RB to_TO introduce_VB F08 104 themselves_PPLS informally_RB to_IN other_AP guests_NNS ._. F08 105 ^ if_CS one_CD1 brings_VBZ a_AT friend_NN to_IN a_AT party_NN ,_, F08 105 who_WPR is_BEZ not_XNOT known_VBN to_IN the_ATI F08 106 hostess_NN ,_, one_CD1 must_MD ,_, of_RB course_RB" ,_, present_VB F08 106 one's_CD1$ friend_NN to_IN the_ATI hostess_NN F08 107 immediately_RB on_IN arrival_NN ._. F08 108 ^ in_IN the_ATI business_NN world_NN ,_, strangers_NNS should_MD F08 108 be_BE introduced_VBN if_CS it_PP3 seems_VBZ F08 109 likely_JJ they_PP3AS will_MD have_HV future_JJB dealings_NNS with_IN F08 109 one_PPLS another_PPLS" ._. ^ for_IN instance_NN ,_, F08 110 if_CS a_AT regular_JJ business_NN contact_NN is_BEZ waiting_VBG in_IN F08 110 the_ATI secretary's_NN$ room_NN for_IN F08 111 an_AT interview_NN with_IN her_PP$ employer_NN ,_, and_CC one_CD1 of_IN F08 111 the_ATI firm's_NN$ departmental_JJ F08 112 heads_NNS comes_VBZ in_RP ,_, the_ATI secretary_NN should_MD F08 112 introduce_VB the_ATI outsider_NN to_IN the_ATI F08 113 departmental_JJ head_NN ,_, unless_CS she_PP3A knows_VBZ that_CS for_IN F08 113 any_DTI reason_NN her_PP$ chief_NN F08 114 would_MD not_XNOT approve_VB it_PP3 ._. F08 115 ^ guests_NNS are_BER not_XNOT introduced_VBN to_IN servants_NNS F08 115 or_CC members_NNS of_IN staff_NN ,_, but_CC if_CS F08 116 on_IN a_AT visit_NN of_IN any_DTI duration_NN ,_, the_ATI guest_NN F08 116 should_MD be_BE made_VBN aware_JJ of_IN the_ATI F08 117 servant's_NN$ name_NN and_CC function_NN in_IN some_DTI such_ABL F08 117 form_NN as_IN ~ *'_*' Aunt_NPT Elizabeth_NP ,_, F08 118 Jane_NP will_MD get_VB you_PP2 anything_PN you_PP2 want_VB *-_*- F08 118 just_RB ring_VB for_IN her_PP3O ._. **'_**' F08 119 ^ the_ATI form_NN an_AT introduction_NN takes_VBZ has_HVZ been_BEN F08 119 very_QL much_RB simplified_VBN in_IN F08 120 recent_JJ years_NNS ,_, but_CC the_ATI general_JJ rule_NN of_IN F08 120 presenting_VBG the_ATI less_QL important_JJ F08 121 person_NN to_IN the_ATI one_CD1 it_PP3 is_BEZ desired_VBN to_TO F08 121 honour_VB most_RBT ,_, still_RB remains_VBZ ._. ^ men_NNS F08 122 are_BER introduced_VBN to_IN women_NNS ,_, untitled_JJ people_NNS F08 122 are_BER introduced_VBN to_IN titled_JJ F08 123 ones_CD1S ,_, young_JJ people_NNS to_IN older_JJR ones_CD1S ,_, old_JJ F08 123 friends_NNS to_IN newcomers_NNS ,_, the_ATI F08 124 unmarried_JJ girl_NN to_IN the_ATI married_JJ woman_NN and_RB so_RB" F08 124 on_RB" ._. ^ because_IN of_IN" the_ATI very_QL F08 125 special_JJ honour_NN accorded_VBN to_IN royalty_NN and_CC F08 125 high-ranking_JJ clergy_NNS ,_, everyone_PN F08 126 is_BEZ presented_VBN to_IN them_PP3OS ,_, regardless_RB of_IN title_NN F08 126 ,_, age_NN or_CC sex_NN ._. F08 127 ^ to_TO perform_VB an_AT introduction_NN ,_, one_CD1 says_VBZ F08 127 something_PN like_IN ,_, ~ *'_*' \0Mrs_NPT F08 128 Smith_NP **'_**' (_( or_CC ,_, if_CS one_CD1 knows_VBZ her_PP3O well_RB F08 128 ,_, *'_*' Mary_NP **'_**' )_) *'_*' may_MD I_PP1A introduce_VB Miss_NPT F08 129 Jones_NP **'_**' ,_, and_CC then_RN ,_, turning_VBG to_IN Miss_NPT F08 129 Jones_NP ,_, says_VBZ simply_RB ,_, ^ *'_*' \0Mrs_NPT F08 130 Smith_NP **'_**' ._. ^ that_DT is_BEZ all_ABN that_WPR is_BEZ F08 130 necessary_JJ ,_, but_CC if_CS one_CD1 wishes_VBZ ,_, one_CD1 may_MD F08 131 turn_VB again_RB to_IN \0Mrs_NPT Smith_NP and_CC add_VB ~ *'_*' F08 131 Miss_NPT Jones_NP has_HVZ just_RB returned_VBN F08 132 from_IN a_AT visit_NN to_IN New_NP York_NP **'_**' ,_, or_CC some_DTI F08 132 such_ABL bit_NN of_IN information_NN which_WDTR F08 133 will_MD give_VB \0Mrs_NPT Smith_NP (_( as_IN the_ATI senior_JJ F08 133 member_NN of_IN the_ATI pair_NN )_) a_AT chance_NN to_TO F08 134 start_VB an_AT interesting_JJ conversation_NN ._. F08 135 ^ when_WRB introducing_VBG people_NNS in_IN circumstances_NNS F08 135 where_WRB Christian_JNP names_NNS F08 136 are_BER likely_JJ to_TO be_BE used_VBN straight_RB away_RP (_( as_CS F08 136 with_IN young_JJ people_NNS ,_, or_CC F08 137 introducing_VBG one's_CD1$ relations_NNS to_IN old_JJ and_CC F08 137 intimate_JJ friends_NNS )_) it_PP3 is_BEZ still_RB F08 138 important_JJ to_TO give_VB the_ATI surnames_NNS clearly_RB on_IN F08 138 the_ATI first_OD introduction_NN ;_; F08 139 otherwise_RB circumstances_NNS can_MD easily_RB arise_VB where_WRB F08 139 people_NNS never_RB know_VB one_PPLS F08 140 another's_PPLS" surnames_NNS and_CC the_ATI degree_NN of_IN F08 140 friendship_NN already_RB achieved_VBN makes_VBZ F08 141 it_PP3 impossible_JJ to_TO ask_VB ._. F08 142 ^ acknowledging_VBG an_AT introduction_NN ._. ^ a_AT lady_NN must_MD F08 142 rise_VB when_WRB being_BEG F08 143 introduced_VBN to_IN an_AT older_JJR woman_NN or_CC *'_*' social_JJ F08 143 superior_NN **'_**' or_CC to_IN a_AT F08 144 clergyman_NN ._. ^ if_CS the_ATI difference_NN in_IN their_PP$ F08 144 status_NN is_BEZ great_JJ she_PP3A should_MD F08 145 remain_VB standing_VBG until_CS the_ATI other_AP person_NN either_DTX F08 145 has_HVZ a_AT seat_NN ,_, or_CC goes_VBZ F08 146 away_RP ._. F08 147 ^ *'_*' how_WRB do_DO you_PP2 do_DO **'_**' is_BEZ the_ATI only_AP F08 147 possible_JJ verbal_JJ acknowledgement_NN of_IN F08 148 an_AT introduction_NN ;_; it_PP3 is_BEZ purely_RB formal_JJ ,_, and_CC F08 148 not_XNOT intended_VBN to_TO be_BE treated_VBN F08 149 as_IN an_AT enquiry_NN after_IN anyone's_PN$ health_NN ._. F08 150 ^ handshaking_NN on_IN introduction_NN is_BEZ largely_RB dying_VBG F08 150 out_RP in_IN Britain_NP F08 151 although_CS it_PP3 is_BEZ still_RB very_QL much_RB the_ATI correct_JJ F08 151 thing_NN on_IN the_ATI continent_NN ._. ^ in_IN F08 152 Britain_NP ,_, the_ATI former_AP rule_NN was_BEDZ that_CS the_ATI F08 152 socially_RB superior_JJ person_NN should_MD F08 153 be_BE the_ATI first_OD to_TO extend_VB a_AT hand_NN *-_*- and_CC as_CS F08 153 few_AP people_NNS of_IN gentle_JJ instincts_NNS F08 154 like_VB ,_, nowadays_RB ,_, to_TO claim_VB social_JJ superiority_NN ,_, F08 154 the_ATI usage_NN is_BEZ less_QL often_RB F08 155 followed_VBN ._. ^ exceptions_NNS are_BER when_WRB a_AT much_RB F08 155 younger_JJR person_NN is_BEZ introduced_VBN to_IN F08 156 an_AT older_JJR one_CD1 ,_, or_CC where_WRB the_ATI distinction_NN F08 156 of_IN rank_NN is_BEZ obvious_JJ ;_; then_RN the_ATI F08 157 senior_JJ person_NN ,_, if_CS she_PP3A wishes_VBZ ,_, will_MD extend_VB F08 157 a_AT hand_NN ._. F08 158 ^ although_CS handshaking_NN is_BEZ less_QL often_RB practised_VBN F08 158 ,_, it_PP3 is_BEZ ,_, of_RB course_RB" ,_, F08 159 very_QL important_JJ to_TO take_VB instantly_RB a_AT proffered_JJ F08 159 hand_NN ,_, in_TO order_TO" to_TO" avoid_VB F08 160 calling_VBG attention_NN to_IN any_DTI possible_JJ lack_NN of_IN F08 160 savoir-faire_NN in_IN the_ATI other_AP F08 161 person_NN ,_, and_CC ,_, quite_RB simply_RB ,_, not_XNOT to_TO keep_VB F08 161 them_PP3OS waiting_VBG with_IN hand_NN F08 162 outstretched_JJ ._. F08 163 ^ there_EX is_BEZ no_ATI especial_JJ rule_NN about_IN shaking_VBG F08 163 hands_NNS with_IN or_CC without_IN F08 164 gloves_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI only_AP rules_NNS are_BER ,_, do_DO n't_XNOT F08 164 fumble_VB with_IN a_AT glove_NN ,_, and_CC do_DO n't_XNOT F08 165 apologise_VB for_IN having_HVG one_CD1 ._. F08 166 ^ letters_NNS of_IN introduction_NN ._. ^ there_EX is_BEZ a_AT F08 166 definite_JJ etiquette_NN about_IN F08 167 these_DTS ._. ^ letters_NNS should_MD be_BE handed_VBN unsealed_JJ F08 167 to_IN the_ATI person_NN being_BEG F08 168 introduced_VBN ,_, who_WPR will_MD ,_, on_IN arrival_NN at_IN the_ATI F08 168 new_JJ place_NN ,_, post_VB or_CC leave_VB them_PP3OS F08 169 by_IN hand_NN on_IN the_ATI friend_NN to_IN whom_WPOR they_PP3AS F08 169 are_BER addressed_VBN ,_, together_RB F08 170 with_IN a_AT visiting_NN card_NN or_CC brief_JJ covering_JJ letter_NN F08 170 indicating_VBG where_WRB he_PP3A or_CC F08 171 she_PP3A may_MD be_BE contacted_VBN ._. ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ not_XNOT F08 171 etiquette_NN to_TO deliver_VB a_AT letter_NN of_IN F08 172 introduction_NN in_IN person_NN to_IN the_ATI one_CD1 to_IN whom_WPOR F08 172 it_PP3 is_BEZ addressed_VBN ._. F08 173 ^ the_ATI addressee_NN should_MD then_RN promptly_RB contact_VB F08 173 the_ATI newcomer_NN with_IN an_AT F08 174 invitation_NN to_TO meet_VB him_PP3O or_CC her_PP3O ._. F08 175 ^ if_CS you_PP2 have_HV given_VBN someone_PN a_AT letter_NN of_IN F08 175 introduction_NN to_IN a_AT friend_NN or_CC F08 176 business_NN contact_NN ,_, it_PP3 is_BEZ etiquette_NN to_TO write_VB F08 176 a_AT second_OD letter_NN ,_, later_RBR ,_, F08 177 thanking_VBG him_PP3O or_CC her_PP3O for_IN the_ATI kindness_NN F08 177 shown_VBN to_IN the_ATI newly-introduced_JJB F08 178 person_NN ._. F08 179 ^ the_ATI unwelcome_JJ introduction_NN ._. ^ while_CS people_NNS F08 179 performing_VBG F08 180 introductions_NNS will_MD ,_, of_RB course_RB" ,_, not_XNOT do_DO so_PN F08 180 unless_CS reasonably_RB sure_JJ that_CS F08 181 it_PP3 will_MD be_BE agreeable_JJ to_IN both_ABX sides_NNS ,_, still_RB F08 181 ,_, the_ATI mere_JJB fact_NN of_IN having_HVG F08 182 been_BEN formally_RB introduced_VBN does_DOZ not_XNOT compel_VB one_CD1 F08 182 to_TO continue_VB an_AT F08 183 uncongenial_JJ acquaintance_NN ,_, but_CC to_TO break_VB it_PP3 off_RP F08 183 too_QL pointedly_RB could_MD be_BE F08 184 construed_VBN as_IN rudeness_NN towards_IN the_ATI friend_NN F08 184 performing_VBG the_ATI introduction_NN ._. F08 185 ^ the_ATI best_JJT course_NN is_BEZ to_TO be_BE civil_JJ but_CC F08 185 not_XNOT forthcoming_JJ ,_, though_CS F08 186 occasionally_RB ,_, with_IN a_AT really_RB determined_JJ pursuer_NN ,_, F08 186 stronger_JJR means_NNS may_MD F08 187 have_HV to_TO be_BE adopted_VBN ._. ^ the_ATI introduction_NN ,_, F08 187 however_RB ,_, has_HVZ committed_VBN one_CD1 to_IN F08 188 nothing_PN and_CC one_CD1 need_MD not_XNOT feel_VB badly_RB about_IN F08 188 disrupting_VBG the_ATI acquaintance_NN ._. F09 2 ^ fads_NNS and_CC fancies_NNS ._. F09 3 ^ by_IN \0W_NP \0J_NP Dore-Dennis_NP ._. F09 4 ^ the_ATI gardens_NNS ,_, flower_NN and_CC kitchen_NN ,_, had_HVD F09 4 been_BEN much_RB neglected_VBN ._. F09 5 ^ the_ATI new_JJ owner_NN ,_, admitting_VBG that_CS he_PP3A knew_VBD F09 5 practically_RB nothing_PN of_IN F09 6 horticulture_NN ,_, gave_VBD my_PP$ friend_NN Ole_NP 'Arry_NP carte_NN F09 6 blanche_NN" ,_, and_CC I_PP1A F09 7 was_BEDZ not_XNOT surprised_JJ that_CS the_ATI estate_NN was_BEDZ F09 7 quickly_RB transformed_VBN ._. ^ in_IN the_ATI F09 8 first_OD spring_NN after_IN Harry's_NP$ appointment_NN he_PP3A F09 8 looked_VBD me_PP1O up_RP ._. ^ did_DOD I_PP1A want_VB F09 9 any_DTI tomato_NN plants_NNS ?_? ^ I_PP1A did_DOD ,_, and_CC asked_VBD ^ F09 9 *'_*' how_WRB many_AP and_CC how_WRB much_AP ?_? **'_**' ^ his_PP$ F09 10 reply_NN was_BEDZ staggering_JJ :_: ^ *'_*' 'underds_CDS ,_, an'_CC F09 10 fer_IN nuffin'_PN **'_**' ._. ^ it_PP3 F09 11 appeared_VBD that_CS he_PP3A had_HVD treated_VBN the_ATI gardens_NNS F09 11 with_IN manure_NN from_IN the_ATI sewage_NN F09 12 farm_NN ._. ^ the_ATI tomato_NN plants_NNS were_BED the_ATI result_NN F09 12 ,_, but_CC his_PP$ employer_NN ,_, when_WRB F09 13 informed_VBN as_IN to_IN" the_ATI origin_NN of_IN the_ATI vast_JJ F09 13 crop_NN ,_, had_HVD turned_VBN *'_*' fair_RB F09 14 pernickety_JJ **'_**' ,_, ordering_VBG that_CS all_ABN the_ATI F09 14 plants_NNS were_BED to_TO be_BE destroyed_VBN and_CC F09 15 new_JJ ones_CD1S procured_VBN from_IN a_AT local_JJ nursery_NN ._. ^ F09 15 Harry_NP and_CC I_PP1A did_DOD well_RB with_IN our_PP$ F09 16 condemned_JJ plants_NNS ,_, which_WDTR gave_VBD a_AT crop_NN F09 16 excellent_JJ both_ABX in_IN quality_NN and_CC F09 17 quantity_NN ._. ^ our_PP$ surplus_NN was_BEDZ gladly_RB taken_VBN by_IN F09 17 the_ATI village_NN greengrocer_NN ,_, F09 18 who_WPR in_IN turn_NN supplied_VBD Harry's_NP$ pernickety_JJ F09 18 employer_NN and_CC his_PP$ family_NN ,_, the_ATI F09 19 nursery-bought_JJ plants_NNS having_HVG failed_VBN to_TO come_VB up_RP F09 19 to_IN expectations_NNS ._. F09 20 ^ country_NN scales_NNS and_CC weights_NNS ._. F09 21 ^ by_IN \0L_NP Sanders_NP ._. F09 22 ^ a_AT century_NN and_CC more_AP ago_RB country_NN people_NNS F09 22 had_HVD to_TO rely_VB on_IN F09 23 improvisation_NN and_CC the_ATI local_JJ craftsman_NN for_IN most_AP F09 23 of_IN their_PP$ essential_JJ F09 24 equipment_NN ,_, including_IN means_NNS to_TO weigh_VB their_PP$ F09 24 produce_NN ._. ^ the_ATI Avery_NP F09 25 historical_JJ Museum_NPL has_HVZ been_BEN collecting_VBG old_JJ F09 25 weighing_NN instruments_NNS from_IN F09 26 all_RB over_IN the_ATI world_NN for_IN a_AT number_NN of_IN years_NNS F09 26 ,_, during_IN which_WDTR it_PP3 has_HVZ acquired_VBN F09 27 many_AP interesting_JJ examples_NNS made_VBN and_CC used_VBN in_IN F09 27 our_PP$ own_AP countryside_NN ._. ^ stone_NN F09 28 weights_NNS are_BER among_IN the_ATI simpler_JJR of_IN these_DTS ._. ^ F09 28 some_DTI may_MD be_BE three_CD or_CC four_CD F09 29 hundred_CD years_NNS old_JJ ,_, made_VBN from_IN stones_NNS taken_VBN F09 29 from_IN field_NN or_CC hillside_NN ._. F09 30 ^ when_WRB farmers_NNS had_HVD to_TO weigh_VB produce_NN for_IN F09 30 market_NN and_CC were_BED unable_JJ to_TO F09 31 obtain_VB foundry-made_JJ iron_NN weights_NNS locally_RB ,_, they_PP3AS F09 31 sought_VBD stones_NNS of_IN F09 32 suitable_JJ size_NN ,_, shape_NN and_CC weight_NN and_CC took_VBD F09 32 them_PP3OS to_IN the_ATI smith_NN to_TO be_BE F09 33 fitted_VBN with_IN iron_NN lifting_NN rings_NNS ._. ^ then_RN ,_, by_IN F09 33 a_AP little_AP" chipping_NN or_CC the_ATI F09 34 addition_NN of_IN lead_NN ,_, they_PP3AS were_BED adjusted_VBN to_TO F09 34 compare_VB with_IN a_AT neighbour's_NN$ F09 35 weights_NNS or_CC with_IN the_ATI manorial_JJ standards_NNS ._. ^ F09 35 hard_JJ igneous_JJ rocks_NNS ,_, such_IN as_IN" F09 36 granite_NN ,_, made_VBD serviceable_JJ weights_NNS ,_, reasonably_RB F09 36 impervious_JJ to_IN moisture_NN F09 37 and_CC capable_JJ of_IN withstanding_VBG hard_JJ wear_NN and_CC F09 37 exposure_NN ._. F09 38 ^ occasionally_RB stone_NN weights_NNS of_IN the_ATI larger_JJR F09 38 denominations_NNS ,_, such_IN as_IN" F09 39 twenty-eight_CD and_CC fifty-six_CD pounds_NNS ,_, turn_VB up_RP ._. ^ F09 39 the_ATI large_JJ oval_JJ one_CD1 marked_VBN F09 40 *'_*' 59_NC **'_**' ,_, illustrated_VBN on_IN the_ATI previous_JJ F09 40 page_NN ,_, would_MD have_HV been_BEN used_VBN to_TO F09 41 weigh_VB bales_NNS of_IN wool_NN ,_, the_ATI extra_JJ three_CD F09 41 pounds_NNS being_BEG an_AT agreed_JJ tare_NN F09 42 allowance_NN for_IN straps_NNS or_CC bindings_NNS ._. ^ this_DT and_CC F09 42 the_ATI twelve-pound_JJB weight_NN F09 43 came_VBD from_IN Jersey_NP and_CC were_BED undoubtedly_RB fashioned_VBN F09 43 from_IN large_JJ rounded_JJ F09 44 beach_NN pebbles_NNS flattened_VBN to_TO form_VB a_AT base_NN ._. ^ F09 44 the_ATI square_JJ weight_NN below_RI is_BEZ F09 45 from_IN Shropshire_NP and_CC ,_, though_CS figured_VBN *'_*' 56_NC F09 45 **'_**' ,_, weighs_VBZ only_RB forty-five_CD F09 46 pounds_NNS ._. ^ this_DT is_BEZ due_JJ not_XNOT to_IN any_DTI F09 46 dishonesty_NN on_IN the_ATI part_NN of_IN the_ATI original_JJ F09 47 owner_NN ,_, but_CC to_IN the_ATI loss_NN of_IN its_PP$ lead_NN F09 47 loading_NN from_IN the_ATI large_JJ cavity_NN on_IN F09 48 the_ATI under_JJB side_NN ._. F09 49 ^ cart_VB weighbridges_NNS and_CC platform-scales_NNS ,_, an_AT F09 49 English_JNP invention_NN of_IN F09 50 the_ATI mid_JJB eighteenth_OD century_NN ,_, were_BED scarce_JJ even_RB F09 50 in_IN towns_NNS and_CC certainly_RB F09 51 unknown_JJ to_IN the_ATI farm_NN worker_NN until_CS well_RB into_IN F09 51 the_ATI second_OD half_NN of_IN the_ATI F09 52 nineteenth_OD century_NN ._. ^ the_ATI countryman_NN mostly_RB used_VBD F09 52 beam-scales_NNS or_CC hanging_JJ F09 53 steelyards_NNS made_VBN in_IN the_ATI towns_NNS by_IN small_JJ F09 53 family_NN concerns_NNS employing_VBG a_AP few_AP" F09 54 craftsmen_NNS and_CC apprentices_NNS ._. ^ some_DTI surviving_JJ F09 54 examples_NNS are_BER as_QL crude_JJ as_IN F09 55 those_DTS used_VBN by_IN the_ATI ancient_JJ Egyptians_NNPS four_CD F09 55 or_CC five_CD thousand_CD years_NNS F09 56 earlier_RBR ,_, but_CC others_APS show_VB some_DTI appreciation_NN F09 56 of_IN the_ATI fundamentals_NNS of_IN the_ATI F09 57 science_NN ._. F09 58 ^ among_IN the_ATI cruder_JJR examples_NNS are_BER the_ATI wooden_JJ F09 58 butter-scales_NNS shown_VBN F09 59 below_RI ;_; they_PP3AS are_BER about_RB three_CD hundred_CD years_NNS F09 59 old_JJ ._. ^ a_AT central_JJ stand_NN or_CC F09 60 pillar_NN ,_, turned_VBN like_IN a_AT chair-leg_NN on_IN a_AT F09 60 primitive_JJ lathe_NN ,_, carries_VBZ a_AT wooden_JJ F09 61 beam_NN pivoted_VBN on_IN a_AT round_JJ iron_NN peg_NN :_: two_CD F09 61 wooden_JJ bowls_NNS or_CC platters_NNS are_BER F09 62 suspended_VBN from_IN the_ATI ends_NNS of_IN the_ATI beam_NN ._. ^ F09 62 scales_NNS of_IN this_DT type_NN were_BED used_VBN in_IN F09 63 farmhouses_NNS up_RP to_IN the_ATI end_NN of_IN the_ATI last_AP F09 63 century_NN ._. F09 64 ^ larger_JJR hanging_JJ wooden_JJ beam-scales_NNS were_BED often_RB F09 64 part_NN of_IN the_ATI F09 65 equipment_NN of_IN the_ATI miller_NN for_IN weighing_VBG sacks_NNS F09 65 of_IN grain_NN and_CC flour_NN ._. ^ they_PP3AS F09 66 were_BED sometimes_RB as_QL much_AP as_IN six_CD feet_NNS long_JJ F09 66 and_CC strongly_RB constructed_VBN with_IN F09 67 metal_NN fittings_NNS and_CC rudimentary_JJ knife-edges_NNS ,_, F09 67 combining_VBG the_ATI skills_NNS of_IN F09 68 carpenter_NN and_CC smith_NN ._. ^ they_PP3AS could_MD be_BE used_VBN F09 68 to_TO weigh_VB several_AP sacks_NNS at_IN a_AT F09 69 time_NN on_IN scale-plates_NNS suspended_VBN from_IN the_ATI end_NN F09 69 knives_NNS by_IN shackles_NNS and_CC F09 70 chains_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI wooden_JJ beam-scale_NN opposite_RI is_BEZ F09 70 a_AT comparatively_RB small_JJ one_CD1 ,_, F09 71 about_RB two_CD feet_NNS in_IN length_NN ,_, and_CC probably_RB two_CD F09 71 hundred_CD years_NNS old_JJ ._. F09 72 ^ in_IN contrast_NN ,_, the_ATI professional_JJ scale-makers_NNS F09 72 of_IN the_ATI town_NN F09 73 constructed_VBD their_PP$ products_NNS entirely_RB of_IN metal_NN ._. ^ F09 73 steelyards_NNS ,_, based_VBN on_IN F09 74 the_ATI principle_NN of_IN the_ATI uneven-armed_JJ balance_NN used_VBN F09 74 by_IN the_ATI Romans_NNPS and_CC still_RB F09 75 known_VBN by_IN their_PP$ name_NN ,_, were_BED in_IN common_JJ use_NN F09 75 ,_, for_CS they_PP3AS permitted_VBD the_ATI F09 76 weighing_NN of_IN heavy_JJ loads_NNS without_IN a_AT large_JJ number_NN F09 76 of_IN loose_JJ weights_NNS ._. ^ as_CS F09 77 they_PP3AS required_VBD greater_JJR precision_NN in_IN manufacture_NN F09 77 than_IN the_ATI beam-scales_NNS ,_, F09 78 few_AP home-made_JJ examples_NNS survive_VB ._. ^ the_ATI F09 78 seventeenth_OD and_CC F09 79 eighteenth-century_JJB farmhouse_NN steelyards_NNS of_IN English_JNP F09 79 and_CC continental_JJ F09 80 origin_NN in_IN the_ATI Avery_NP collection_NN are_BER small_JJ ,_, F09 80 as_CS steelyards_NNS go_VB ,_, and_CC many_AP F09 81 have_HV wooden_JJ arms_NNS with_IN metal_NN fittings_NNS ,_, poise_NN F09 81 and_CC knife-edges_NNS ._. F09 82 ^ graduation_NN marks_NNS are_BER provided_VBN by_IN brass_NN pegs_NNS F09 82 driven_VBN into_IN the_ATI wood_NN at_IN F09 83 regular_JJ intervals_NNS ._. ^ most_AP of_IN them_PP3OS have_HV two_CD F09 83 fulcrum_NN knives_NNS and_CC duplicate_JJ F09 84 suspensions_NNS to_TO take_VB either_DTX light_JJ or_CC heavy_JJ F09 84 goods_NNS *-_*- a_AT principle_NN used_VBN by_IN F09 85 the_ATI Romans_NNPS ._. F09 86 ^ an_AT example_NN of_IN a_AT craftsman-made_JJ wooden_JJ F09 86 steelyard_NN can_MD be_BE seen_VBN in_IN F09 87 the_ATI illustration_NN of_IN the_ATI fine_JJ Orkney_NP pundler_NN ,_, F09 87 which_WDTR is_BEZ one_CD1 of_IN the_ATI F09 88 prized_JJ exhibits_NNS in_IN the_ATI collection_NN ._. ^ the_ATI oak_NN F09 88 beam_NN is_BEZ more_AP than_IN six_CD feet_NNS F09 89 in_IN length_NN ,_, and_CC the_ATI stone_NN poise_NN weighs_VBZ F09 89 thirty-one_CD pounds_NNS ._. ^ graduation_NN F09 90 marks_NNS correspond_VB to_IN multiples_NNS of_IN the_ATI Scottish_JNP F09 90 pound_NN ._. ^ all_ABN the_ATI metal_NN F09 91 fittings_NNS are_BER of_IN wrought_JJ iron_NN ,_, including_IN the_ATI F09 91 knives_NNS which_WDTR are_BER now_RN well_RB F09 92 rounded_VBN by_IN wear_NN ._. ^ the_ATI instrument_NN is_BEZ F09 92 believed_VBN to_TO have_HV been_BEN in_IN use_NN for_IN F09 93 several_AP hundred_CD years_NNS ,_, for_CS the_ATI beam_NN bears_VBZ F09 93 the_ATI weight-stamp_NN of_IN George_NP F09 94 3_CD obliterating_VBG a_AT number_NN of_IN older_JJR marks_NNS ._. F09 95 ^ also_RB from_IN Orkney_NP is_BEZ a_AT wooden_JJ bismar_NN or_CC F09 95 Danish_JNP steelyard_NN ,_, used_VBN by_IN F09 96 sliding_VBG a_AT cord_NN fulcrum_NN along_IN the_ATI counterweighted_JJ F09 96 lever_NN to_TO balance_VB a_AT F09 97 load_NN ._. ^ the_ATI principle_NN was_BEDZ known_VBN to_IN early_JJ F09 97 Aryan_JNP tribesmen_NNS ,_, who_WPR found_VBD its_PP$ F09 98 simplicity_NN convenient_JJ for_IN their_PP$ nomadic_JJ way_NN of_IN F09 98 life_NN ._. ^ the_ATI example_NN F09 99 illustrated_VBN above_RI is_BEZ three_CD feet_NNS long_RB and_CC is_BEZ F09 99 thought_VBN to_TO be_BE of_IN wych-elm_NN ._. F09 100 ^ for_IN some_DTI two_CD thousand_CD years_NNS the_ATI bismar_NN ,_, F09 100 dhari_&FW or_CC Danish_JNP F09 101 steelyard_NN ,_, as_CS it_PP3 is_BEZ variously_RB called_VBN ,_, F09 101 has_HVZ been_BEN widely_RB used_VBN throughout_IN F09 102 the_ATI Indian_JNP sub-continent_NN and_CC the_ATI eastern_JJ and_CC F09 102 northern_JJ countries_NNS of_IN F09 103 Europe_NP ;_; but_CC in_IN England_NP it_PP3 was_BEDZ made_VBN F09 103 illegal_JJ in_IN the_ATI reign_NN of_IN Edward_NP 3_CD F09 104 in_IN favour_NN of_IN the_ATI equal-armed_JJ beam_NN and_CC F09 104 Roman-pattern_JJB steelyard_NN ._. F09 105 ^ new_JJ books_NNS about_IN the_ATI country_NN ._. F09 106 *"_*' F09 107 ^ read_VB not_XNOT to_TO contradict_VB and_CC confute_VB ,_, nor_CC F09 107 to_TO believe_VB and_CC take_VB for_CS F09 108 granted_VBN ,_, nor_CC to_TO find_VB talk_NN and_CC discourse_NN ;_; F09 108 but_CC to_TO weigh_VB and_CC consider_VB *-_*- F09 109 ^ Bacon_NP F09 110 **"_**' F09 111 ._. ^ escapists_NNS or_CC realists_NNS ?_? F09 112 ^ when_WRB anyone_PN decides_VBZ to_TO stop_VB earning_VBG a_AT F09 112 living_NN in_IN the_ATI town_NN and_CC F09 113 tries_VBZ to_TO earn_VB it_PP3 in_IN the_ATI country_NN ,_, he_PP3A F09 113 is_BEZ dubbed_VBN an_AT escapist_NN ,_, as_CS though_CS" F09 114 he_PP3A were_BED somehow_RB avoiding_VBG the_ATI responsibilities_NNS F09 114 of_IN civilisation_NN ._. ^ but_CC F09 115 when_WRB a_AT young_JJ couple_NN ,_, a_AT successful_JJ journalist_NN F09 115 married_VBN to_IN an_AT attractive_JJ F09 116 hotel_NN publicity_NN officer_NN ,_, leave_VB the_ATI West_NP End_NP F09 116 to_TO brave_VB all_ABN weathers_NNS in_IN a_AT F09 117 primitive_JJ cottage_NN on_IN the_ATI Cornish_JNP cliffs_NNS ,_, F09 117 working_VBG with_IN their_PP$ hands_NNS to_TO F09 118 grow_VB potatoes_NNS and_CC flowers_NNS for_IN a_AT livelihood_NN ,_, F09 118 they_PP3AS are_BER surely_RB realists_NNS F09 119 in_IN the_ATI truest_JJT sense_NN ._. ^ for_IN ten_CD years_NNS the_ATI F09 119 Tangyes_NPS have_HV struggled_VBN against_IN F09 120 frost_NN and_CC gales_NNS ,_, blight_NN and_CC disease_NN ,_, to_TO F09 120 supply_VB the_ATI fickle_JJ markets_NNS of_IN F09 121 the_ATI industrial_JJ cities_NNS with_IN early_JJ violets_NNS ,_, F09 121 daffodils_NNS ,_, anemones_NNS and_CC F09 122 potatoes_NNS ._. ^ when_WRB they_PP3AS were_BED nearly_RB ruined_VBN F09 122 fresh_JJ hope_NN appeared_VBD in_IN the_ATI F09 123 form_NN of_IN a_AT gull_NN on_IN the_ATI roof_NN (_( Joseph_NP ,_, F09 123 18_CD \0s_NNU )_) ,_, which_WDTR they_PP3AS called_VBD F09 124 Hubert_NP ._. ^ Derek_NP Tangye_NP describes_VBZ the_ATI whole_JJ F09 124 endeavour_NN ,_, and_CC his_PP$ wife_NN F09 125 Jean_NP provides_VBZ small_JJ sketches_NNS as_IN illustrations_NNS ._. ^ F09 125 he_PP3A writes_VBZ well_RB enough_QLP F09 126 to_TO sustain_VB interest_NN through_IN all_ABN the_ATI setbacks_NNS F09 126 ,_, encounters_NNS with_IN local_JJ F09 127 characters_NNS ,_, economics_NN of_IN market_NN gardening_NN and_CC F09 127 breezy_JJ comments_NNS from_IN F09 128 city_NN friends_NNS ._. ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ also_RB delightful_JJ to_TO F09 128 see_VB the_ATI townsman's_NN$ sentimental_JJ F09 129 feeling_NN for_IN animals_NNS and_CC hatred_NN of_IN traps_NNS F09 129 enduring_VBG even_RB in_IN the_ATI *'_*' peasant_NN F09 130 life_NN **'_**' ;_; Monty_NP the_ATI cat_NN is_BEZ treated_VBN with_IN F09 130 as_QL much_AP understanding_NN as_CS if_CS" all_ABN F09 131 three_CD had_HVD stayed_VBN in_IN the_ATI Mortlake_NP flat_NN and_CC F09 131 never_RB passed_VBN through_IN Lamorna_NP F09 132 to_TO find_VB Minack_NP ._. F09 133 ^ also_RB a_AT grower_NN and_CC journalist_NN ,_, Frederick_NP F09 133 Street_NP has_HVZ fought_VBN F09 134 hard_RB to_TO make_VB a_AT living_NN out_RP of_IN rhododendrons_NNS F09 134 and_CC azaleas_NNS and_CC now_RN finds_VBZ F09 135 his_PP$ experience_NN has_HVZ been_BEN a_AT fool's_NN$ mistress_NN (_( F09 135 Parrish_NP ,_, 17_CD \0s_NNU 6_CD \0d_NNU )_) ._. F09 136 ^ his_PP$ anger_NN ,_, first_RB at_IN his_PP$ relatives_NNS who_WPR F09 136 disappointed_VBD him_PP3O over_IN his_PP$ F09 137 inheritance_NN ,_, a_AT market_NN garden_NN near_IN Woking_NP ,_, F09 137 then_RN at_IN the_ATI difficulties_NNS of_IN F09 138 trying_VBG to_TO make_VB fertile_JJ 12_CD acres_NNS of_IN derelict_JJ F09 138 land_NN ,_, and_CC finally_RB at_IN the_ATI F09 139 battle_NN between_IN commuter_NN and_CC countryman_NN in_IN his_PP$ F09 139 subtopia_NN with_IN its_PP$ F09 140 fun-farming_NN and_CC half-way-back-to-the-land_JJB movement_NN ,_, F09 140 makes_VBZ a_AT F09 141 provocative_JJ autobiography_NN ._. ^ I_PP1A enjoyed_VBD the_ATI F09 141 table_NN showing_VBG the_ATI F09 142 relationship_NN between_IN the_ATI type_NN of_IN farming_NN a_AT man_NN F09 142 does_DOZ and_CC his_PP$ weekday_NN F09 143 train_NN to_IN London_NP ,_, from_IN the_ATI 8.45_CD chicken_NN F09 143 farmer_NN to_IN the_ATI 10.30_CD (_( three_CD days_NNS F09 144 a_AT week_NN only_RB )_) owner_NN of_IN a_AT pedigree_NN herd_NN of_IN F09 144 Jerseys_NPS ._. F09 145 ^ a_AT more_QL light-hearted_JJ realism_NN comes_VBZ from_IN \0R_NP F09 145 \0M_NP Dashwood_NP ,_, F09 146 the_ATI provincial_JJ daughter_NN (_( Chatto_NP ,_, 16_CD \0s_NNU )_) F09 146 of_IN the_ATI provincial_JJ lady_NN ,_, F09 147 \0E_NP \0M_NP Delafield_NP ._. ^ she_PP3A lives_VBZ in_IN the_ATI F09 147 country_NN near_IN Oxford_NP ,_, bringing_VBG F09 148 up_RP three_CD small_JJ boys_NNS with_IN the_ATI occasional_JJ aid_NN F09 148 of_IN a_AT doctor_NN husband_NN and_CC a_AT F09 149 German_JNP help_NN ._. ^ her_PP$ diary_NN is_BEZ written_VBN in_IN F09 149 the_ATI style_NN her_PP$ mother_NN made_VBD famous_JJ F09 150 and_CC should_MD have_HV the_ATI same_AP general_JJ appeal_NN ._. ^ F09 150 but_CC the_ATI last_AP war_NN drove_VBD many_AP F09 151 women_NNS straight_RB from_IN the_ATI university_NN to_IN household_NN F09 151 drudgery_NN with_IN only_RB a_AT F09 152 sense_NN of_IN humour_NN and_CC a_AT ready_JJ pen_NN to_TO see_VB F09 152 them_PP3OS through_RP ,_, so_CS the_ATI theme_NN is_BEZ F09 153 not_XNOT quite_RB as_QL fresh_JJ as_CS it_PP3 used_VBD to_TO be_BE ,_, F09 153 though_CS an_AT ability_NN to_TO laugh_VB at_IN F09 154 one's_CD1$ self_NN and_CC at_IN domestic_JJ difficulties_NNS is_BEZ F09 154 always_RB well_RB worth_IN sharing_VBG ._. F09 155 ^ believing_VBG that_CS *'_*' we_PP1AS are_BER all_ABN F09 155 countrymen_NNS at_IN heart_NN **'_**' ,_, John_NP Baker_NP F09 156 also_RB wants_VBZ to_TO share_VB his_PP$ rural_JJ experiences_NNS in_IN F09 156 the_ATI cottage_NN by_IN the_ATI F09 157 springs_NNS (_( Phoenix_NP ,_, 10_CD \0s_NNU 6_CD \0d_NNU )_) ,_, ^ F09 157 his_PP$$ is_BEZ a_AT short_JJ book_NN ,_, chiefly_RB F09 158 concerned_VBN with_IN water_NN ,_, with_IN the_ATI pond_NN by_IN F09 158 the_ATI Wiltshire_NP cottage_NN he_PP3A F09 159 converted_VBD ,_, with_IN springs_NNS ,_, water-weeds_NNS ,_, F09 159 irises_NNS and_CC lilies_NNS ,_, and_CC F09 160 eventually_RB with_IN piped_JJ water_NN for_IN the_ATI whole_JJ F09 160 village_NN ._. F09 161 ^ Edmund_NP Cooper's_NP$ men_NNS of_IN Swaledale_NP (_( Dalesman_NP F09 161 ,_, Clapham_NP ,_, via_IN F09 162 Lancaster_NP ,_, 6_CD \0s_NNU )_) ,_, another_DT small_JJ volume_NN ,_, F09 162 is_BEZ a_AT neat_JJ slice_NN of_IN social_JJ F09 163 history_NN ,_, mostly_RB 19th-century_JJB ,_, taken_VBN from_IN F09 163 contemporary_JJ diaries_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI F09 164 old_JJ farming_NN practices_NNS ,_, the_ATI crops_NNS grown_VBN ,_, F09 164 sheep_NNS bred_VBN ,_, fertilisers_NNS used_VBN ,_, F09 165 bridges_NNS built_VBN ,_, the_ATI amusements_NNS of_IN singing_VBG ,_, F09 165 reading_VBG ,_, dancing_VBG and_CC playing_VBG F09 166 whist_NN ,_, the_ATI food_NN and_CC clothes_NNS are_BER all_ABN F09 166 mentioned_VBN ,_, together_RB with_IN the_ATI F09 167 mining_NN which_WDTR went_VBD hand_NN in_IN hand_NN with_IN the_ATI F09 167 farming_NN ,_, the_ATI accidents_NNS and_CC F09 168 fights_NNS ,_, and_CC the_ATI names_NNS of_IN those_DTS who_WPR F09 168 emigrated_VBD to_IN America_NP when_WRB the_ATI F09 169 farming_NN became_VBD less_QL arable_JJ and_CC the_ATI mines_NNS F09 169 closed_VBD down_RP ._. ^ even_CS if_CS" you_PP2 do_DO F09 170 not_XNOT know_VB Crackpot_NP Gill_NP or_CC Silkwood_NP Bridge_NPL ,_, F09 170 you_PP2 will_MD enjoy_VB following_VBG F09 171 briefly_RB the_ATI activities_NNS of_IN these_DTS families_NNS in_IN F09 171 Yorkshire_NP or_CC America_NP ._. F09 172 ^ equally_RB easy_JJ to_TO follow_VB ,_, though_CS of_IN very_QL F09 172 different_JJ material_NN ,_, is_BEZ F09 173 Dennis_NP Wheatley's_NP$ Saturdays_NRS with_IN bricks_NNS (_( F09 173 Hutchinson_NP ,_, 18_CD \0s_NNU )_) ._. ^ it_PP3 F09 174 has_HVZ nothing_PN to_TO do_DO with_IN international_JJ intrigue_NN F09 174 but_CC is_BEZ a_AT mixture_NN of_IN F09 175 anecdotes_NNS about_IN the_ATI 1914-18_CD-CD war_NN and_CC sound_JJ F09 175 advice_NN about_IN building_VBG brick_NN F09 176 walls_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI author_NN himself_PPL is_BEZ the_ATI link_NN F09 176 ;_; he_PP3A laid_VBD his_PP$ first_OD bricks_NNS F09 177 during_IN hostilities_NNS and_CC has_HVZ gone_VBN on_RP ever_RB F09 177 since_RI ,_, so_CS that_CS" he_PP3A can_MD now_RN F09 178 recommend_VB all_ABN the_ATI essential_JJ tools_NNS and_CC clothes_NNS F09 178 ,_, the_ATI necessary_JJ drink_NN ,_, F09 179 the_ATI way_NN to_TO lay_VB foundations_NNS ,_, mix_VB mortar_NN ,_, F09 179 choose_VB scaffolding_NN and_CC finally_RB F09 180 lay_VB the_ATI actual_JJ bricks_NNS ._. ^ compared_VBN with_IN this_DT F09 180 constructive_JJ work_NN the_ATI war_NN F09 181 was_BEDZ a_AT chaotic_JJ nightmare_NN to_IN which_WDTR he_PP3A F09 181 keeps_VBZ harking_VBG back_RP ._. F09 182 ^ the_ATI artist_NN Edward_NP Wakeford_NP found_VBD the_ATI F09 182 1939-45_CD-CD war_NN a_AT different_JJ F09 183 sort_NN of_IN nightmare_NN ,_, which_WDTR he_PP3A describes_VBZ F09 183 logically_RB after_IN his_PP$ childhood_NN F09 184 and_CC student_NN days_NNS ._. ^ in_IN a_AT prize_NN for_IN art_NN (_( F09 184 Macmillan_NP 25_CD \0s_NNU )_) he_PP3A relives_VBZ F09 185 his_PP$ boyhood_NN in_IN the_ATI Isle_NPL of_IN Man_NP ,_, walking_VBG F09 185 with_IN his_PP$ clergyman_NN father_NN ,_, F09 186 watching_VBG the_ATI people_NNS in_IN church_NN ,_, remembering_VBG F09 186 clearly_RB the_ATI things_NNS he_PP3A saw_VBD F09 187 and_CC the_ATI way_NN he_PP3A felt_VBD when_WRB the_ATI bishop_NN F09 187 visited_VBD the_ATI family_NN ,_, when_WRB a_AT small_JJ F09 188 wild_JJ rabbit_NN died_VBD or_CC he_PP3A went_VBD down_IN the_ATI F09 188 wrong_JJ stairs_NNS at_IN the_ATI school_NN F09 189 prize-giving_NN ._. ^ I_PP1A felt_VBD impelled_VBN to_TO read_VB on_RP F09 189 and_CC share_VB his_PP$ experiences_NNS ._. F09 190 ^ finally_RB ,_, a_AT peaceful_JJ book_NN :_: Parson's_NPT$ F09 190 evensong_NN ,_, by_IN *'_*' pilgrim_NN F09 191 **'_**' (_( Skeffington_NP ,_, 15_CD \0s_NNU )_) ._. ^ in_IN it_PP3 F09 191 a_AT retired_JJ church_NN of_IN England_NP clergyman_NN ,_, F09 192 who_WPR prefers_VBZ to_TO remain_VB anonymous_JJ ,_, ruminates_VBZ F09 192 over_IN his_PP$ past_JJB life_NN and_CC F09 193 work_NN ,_, the_ATI people_NNS ,_, books_NNS and_CC places_NNS he_PP3A F09 193 has_HVZ known_VBN ,_, those_DTS he_PP3A still_RB meets_VBZ F09 194 and_CC the_ATI faith_NN that_WPR has_HVZ sustained_VBN him_PP3O ._. F09 194 *-_*- ^ Margaret_NP Campbell_NP F09 195 ._. ^ Isca_NP to_IN Thule_NP ._. F09 196 ^ *'_*' Bartholomew_NP Street_NPL was_BEDZ called_VBN Britayne_NP F09 196 for_IN many_AP F09 197 centuries_NNS ,_, being_BEG the_ATI area_NN occupied_VBN by_IN the_ATI F09 197 British_NNPS during_IN Saxon_JNP F09 198 times_NNS ._. **'_**' F10 2 ^ labour_NN junks_VBZ its_PP$ own_AP books_NNS ._. F10 3 ^ by_IN Harry_NP Short_NP ._. F10 4 ^ *'_*' book_NN reading_NN ,_, **'_**' wrote_VBD Francis_NP F10 4 Williams_NP ,_, *'_*' used_VBD to_TO be_BE a_AT F10 5 socialist_JJ habit_NN ._. ^ to_TO secure_VB an_AT educated_JJ F10 5 socialist_JJ democracy_NN this_DT is_BEZ a_AT F10 6 habit_NN we_PP1AS should_MD indulge_VB in_IN as_CS we_PP1AS did_DOD F10 6 years_NNS ago_RB ._. **'_**' F10 7 ^ fifty_CD years_NNS ago_RB ,_, when_WRB I_PP1A was_BEDZ a_AT F10 7 youngster_NN ,_, socialists_NNS said_VBD books_NNS we_PP1AS F10 8 must_MD have_HV ,_, though_CS we_PP1AS lack_VB bread_NN ,_, but_CC F10 8 to-day_NR times_NNS have_HV changed_VBN ._. ^ very_QL F10 9 few_AP labour_NN voters_NNS read_VB socialist_JJ books_NNS or_CC F10 9 treasure_VB a_AT library_NN of_IN their_PP$ F10 10 own_AP ,_, and_CC many_AP local_JJ labour_NN parties_NNS have_HV no_ATI F10 10 literature_NN secretaries_NNS ._. F10 11 ^ social_JJ secretaries_NNS and_CC bingo_NN organisers_NNS ,_, but_CC F10 11 no_ATI bookstalls_NNS ._. F10 12 ^ when_WRB the_ATI women's_NNS$ section_NN of_IN our_PP$ local_JJ F10 12 labour_NN party_NN held_VBD a_AT jumble_NN F10 13 sale_NN recently_RB ,_, one_CD1 of_IN the_ATI stalls_NNS contained_VBD F10 13 hundreds_CDS of_IN second-hand_JJB F10 14 books_NNS ._. ^ all_ABN were_BED priced_VBN at_IN 3_CD \0d_NNU each_DT F10 14 !_! F10 15 ^ after_CS most_AP of_IN the_ATI mystery_NN ,_, love_NN ,_, F10 15 romance_NN and_CC adventure_NN books_NNS were_BED F10 16 sold_VBN ,_, it_PP3 was_BEDZ decided_VBN to_TO reduce_VB the_ATI F10 16 remainder_NN to_IN 2_CD \0d_NNU each_DT ,_, for_CS if_CS ,_, as_CS F10 17 often_RB happens_VBZ ,_, any_DTI old_JJ clothes_NNS ,_, books_NNS ,_, F10 17 pictures_NNS or_CC nick-nacks_NNS were_BED F10 18 left_VBN over_RP ,_, it_PP3 would_MD all_ABN be_BE left_VBN behind_RP F10 18 for_IN the_ATI caretaker_NN of_IN the_ATI school_NN F10 19 to_TO either_DTX burn_VB or_CC give_VB to_IN the_ATI dustman_NN ._. F10 20 ^ none_PN of_IN the_ATI bazaar_NN committee_NN members_NNS were_BED F10 20 eager_JJ to_TO store_VB a_AT lot_NN of_IN F10 21 old_JJ junk_NN in_IN their_PP$ homes_NRS for_IN the_ATI next_AP F10 21 jumble_NN sale_NN ,_, so_CS for_IN his_PP$ services_NNS F10 22 of_IN burning_VBG the_ATI books_NNS ,_, pictures_NNS ,_, \0etc_RB ,_, F10 22 the_ATI caretaker_NN was_BEDZ liberally_RB F10 23 rewarded_VBN ._. F10 24 ^ I_PP1A looked_VBD at_IN the_ATI pile_NN of_IN *'_*' remainders_NNS F10 24 **'_**' and_CC bought_VBD roads_NNS to_IN F10 25 freedom_NN (_( Bertrand_NP Russell_NP )_) ,_, wealth_NN of_IN F10 25 nations_NNS (_( Adam_NP Smith_NP )_) ,_, F10 26 the_ATI science_NN of_IN wealth_NN (_( \0J_NP \0A_NP Hobson_NP )_) ,_, F10 26 the_ATI soul_NN of_IN man_NN under_IN F10 27 socialism_NN (_( Oscar_NP Wilde_NP )_) ,_, Fabian_JNP essays_NNS ,_, F10 27 man_NN and_CC superman_NN F10 28 (_( Bernard_NP Shaw_NP )_) ,_, the_ATI socialist_JJ movement_NN (_( F10 28 \0J_NP \0R_NP Macdonald_NP )_) ,_, F10 29 history_NN of_IN the_ATI Russian_JNP revolution_NN (_( Trotsky_NP )_) F10 29 ,_, new_JJ worlds_NNS for_IN old_JJ F10 30 (_( \0H_NP \0G_NP Wells_NP )_) ,_, political_JJ economy_NN F10 30 selections_NNS (_( edited_VBN by_IN F10 31 \0W_NP \0B_NP Robinson_NP )_) and_CC the_ATI conditions_NNS of_IN F10 31 Britain_NP (_( \0G_NP \0D_NP \0H_NP F10 32 Cole_NP )_) ._. F10 33 ^ on_IN some_DTI of_IN the_ATI books_NNS ,_, on_IN the_ATI F10 33 fly-leaf_NN I_PP1A saw_VBD the_ATI name_NN \0L_NP \0S_NP F10 34 Woodruff_NP ,_, who_WPR for_IN many_AP years_NNS was_BEDZ chairman_NN F10 34 of_IN the_ATI Harrow_NP east_NR labour_NN F10 35 party_NN ,_, and_CC was_BEDZ an_AT alderman_NN at_IN the_ATI time_NN F10 35 of_IN his_PP$ death_NN ._. F10 36 ^ *'_*' Sid_NP **'_**' ,_, as_CS he_PP3A was_BEDZ familiarly_RB F10 36 known_VBN by_IN his_PP$ colleagues_NNS ,_, was_BEDZ one_CD1 F10 37 of_IN the_ATI most_QL respected_JJ and_CC devoted_JJ members_NNS of_IN F10 37 the_ATI socialist_JJ minority_NN F10 38 group_NN of_IN a_AT strong_JJ tory_NN council_NN ,_, and_CC was_BEDZ F10 38 known_VBN to_TO be_BE a_AT well-read_JJ ,_, F10 39 convinced_JJ socialist_NN of_IN burning_JJ sincerity_NN ._. F10 40 ^ in_IN the_ATI first_OD world_NN war_NN he_PP3A was_BEDZ a_AT F10 40 pacifist_NN and_CC suffered_VBD F10 41 imprisonment_NN for_IN his_PP$ socialist_JJ beliefs_NNS ._. ^ he_PP3A F10 41 had_HVD the_ATI combined_JJ gift_NN of_IN F10 42 keen_JJ humour_NN with_IN the_ATI virtue_NN of_IN being_BEG a_AT F10 42 good_JJ serious_JJ propagandist_NN for_IN F10 43 the_ATI labour_NN party_NN ._. ^ Sid_NP Woodruff_NP started_VBD his_PP$ F10 43 pioneering_JJ work_NN for_IN labour_NN F10 44 when_WRB people_NNS were_BED overworked_JJ ,_, underfed_VBN ,_, and_CC F10 44 lived_VBD in_IN sordid_JJ slums_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI F10 45 lives_NNS of_IN the_ATI workers_NNS in_IN those_DTS early_JJ days_NNS F10 45 were_BED in_RB the_RB" main_RB" of_IN narrow_JJ F10 46 dreariness_NN and_CC boisterous_JJ brutality_NN ,_, and_CC Alderman_NPT F10 46 Woodruff_NP was_BEDZ one_CD1 of_IN F10 47 the_ATI educated_JJ minority_NN who_WPR showed_VBD the_ATI way_NN to_IN F10 47 a_AT better_JJR life_NN ._. F10 48 ^ to-day_NR ,_, with_IN a_AT higher_JJR standard_NN of_IN living_NN F10 48 ,_, people_NNS imagine_VB they_PP3AS F10 49 have_HV reached_VBN the_ATI higher_JJR life_NN ._. ^ for_IN most_AP ,_, F10 49 their_PP$ reading_NN is_BEZ the_ATI popular_JJ F10 50 newspapers_NNS and_CC trashy_JJ periodicals_NNS ._. F10 51 ^ when_WRB the_ATI Nazis_NNPS made_VBD huge_JJ bonfires_NNS of_IN F10 51 socialist_JJ literature_NN ,_, I_PP1A F10 52 thought_VBD of_IN Emerson's_NP$ lines_NNS ,_, ^ *'_*' every_AT lash_NN F10 52 inflicted_VBN is_BEZ a_AT tongue_NN of_IN F10 53 fame_NN ;_; every_AT prison_NN a_AT more_QL illustrious_JJ abode_NN ;_; F10 53 every_AT burned_JJ book_NN or_CC F10 54 house_NN enlightens_VBZ the_ATI world_NN ._. **'_**' ^ what_WDT F10 54 would_MD Emerson's_NP$ thoughts_NNS be_BE if_CS he_PP3A F10 55 knew_VBD that_CS at_IN a_AT labour_NN party_NN jumble_NN sale_NN ,_, F10 55 great_JJ thoughts_NNS by_IN great_JJ men_NNS F10 56 were_BED ignored_VBN ,_, while_CS nasty_JJ rubbishy_JJ books_NNS F10 56 with_IN gaudy_JJ covers_NNS ,_, dealing_VBG F10 57 with_IN sordid_JJ sex_NN and_CC crime_NN ,_, were_BED in_IN great_JJ F10 57 demand_NN ?_? F10 58 ^ the_ATI tiny_JJ minority_NN only_RB ._. F10 59 ^ we_PP1AS are_BER living_VBG in_IN an_AT age_NN to-day_NR when_WRB F10 59 serious_JJ ,_, disturbing_JJ and_CC F10 60 admirably_RB written_JJ books_NNS ,_, packed_JJ with_IN vivid_JJ F10 60 details_NNS ,_, and_CC written_VBN with_IN F10 61 deep_JJ feeling_NN ,_, are_BER read_VBN only_RB by_IN a_AT tiny_JJ F10 61 minority_NN ._. F10 62 ^ books_NNS that_WPR helped_VBD to_TO make_VB the_ATI socialist_JJ F10 62 movement_NN grow_VB to_IN its_PP$ F10 63 present_JJ strength_NN ,_, which_WDTR showed_VBD how_WRB to_TO make_VB F10 63 the_ATI world_NN a_AT far_RB happier_JJR F10 64 place_NN for_IN people_NNS of_IN all_ABN races_NNS to_TO live_VB in_IN F10 64 ,_, are_BER read_VBN by_IN few_AP ._. F10 65 ^ it_PP3 was_BEDZ Milton_NP who_WPR wrote_VBD :_: ^ *'_*' a_AT F10 65 good_JJ book_NN is_BEZ the_ATI precious_JJ F10 66 life-blood_NN of_IN a_AT master_NN spirit_NN ._. **'_**' ^ the_ATI F10 66 socialist_JJ movement_NN has_HVZ produced_VBN F10 67 many_AP men_NNS of_IN vision_NN ,_, who_WPR in_IN their_PP$ F10 67 courageous_JJ and_CC fascinating_JJ plays_NNS ,_, F10 68 novels_NNS ,_, essays_NNS and_CC poems_NNS ,_, have_HV shown_VBN F10 68 us_PP1OS a_AT nobler_JJR and_CC better_JJR life_NN ._. F10 69 ^ they_PP3AS contain_VB all_ABN our_PP$ ambitions_NNS ,_, our_PP$ F10 69 indignations_NNS and_CC our_PP$ illusions_NNS ._. F10 70 ^ the_ATI literature_NN of_IN revolt_NN is_BEZ a_AT heritage_NN F10 70 we_PP1AS should_MD treasure_VB ,_, so_CS I_PP1A am_BEM F10 71 indeed_RB happy_JJ ,_, that_CS the_ATI late_JJ Alderman_NPT Sid_NP F10 71 Woodruff's_NP$ books_NNS are_BER in_IN my_PP$ F10 72 bookcase_NN ,_, instead_RB of_IN being_BEG burnt_VBN by_IN the_ATI F10 72 school_NN caretaker_NN ._. F10 73 ^ (_( do_DO you_PP2 make_VB a_AT habit_NN of_IN adding_VBG to_IN F10 73 your_PP$ knowledge_NN by_IN reading_VBG F10 74 or_CC by_IN taking_VBG postal_JJ courses_NNS ?_? *-_*- ^ \0Ed_NN )_) F10 75 ._. ^ footnote_NN ._. F10 76 ^ *'_*' no_UH ._. ^ a_AT man_NN who_WPR volunteers_VBZ to_TO be_BE F10 76 an_AT *'_*' Aunt-Sally_NP **'_**' at_IN a_AT F10 77 local_JJ garden_NN fete_NN and_CC gets_VBZ a_AT clout_NN on_IN the_ATI F10 77 ear_NN with_IN a_AT ball_NN is_BEZ not_XNOT F10 78 covered_VBN by_IN the_ATI industrial_JJ injuries_NNS act_NN ._. **'_**' F10 78 *-_*- ^ answer_NN to_IN Grimsby_NP F10 79 correspondent_NN in_IN the_ATI \0P.O.E.U_NP journal_NN ._. F10 80 ^ does_DOZ \0T.V_NN influence_VB elections_NNS ?_? F10 81 ^ by_IN Arthur_NP Woodburn_NP ,_, \0M.P_NPT ._. F10 82 ^ after_IN the_ATI last_AP general_JJ election_NN we_PP1AS all_ABN F10 82 speculated_VBD what_WDT F10 83 effect_NN \0T.V_NN had_HVD on_IN the_ATI result_NN ._. ^ our_PP$ F10 83 general_JJ impression_NN was_BEDZ that_CS F10 84 the_ATI labour_NN programmes_NNS were_BED the_ATI most_QL effective_JJ F10 84 and_CC convincing_JJ ._. ^ we_PP1AS all_ABN F10 85 have_HV our_PP$ own_AP little_JJ gallup_NN polls_NNS among_IN our_PP$ F10 85 friends_NNS and_CC acquaintances_NNS ,_, F10 86 but_CC as_CS they_PP3AS are_BER usually_RB of_IN our_PP$ way_NN of_IN F10 86 thinking_VBG and_CC as_CS we_PP1AS are_BER inclined_VBN F10 87 to_TO look_VB for_IN the_ATI answer_NN we_PP1AS want_VB ,_, we_PP1AS F10 87 can_MD be_BE misled_VBN ._. ^ for_IN example_NN ,_, since_IN F10 88 the_ATI election_NN there_EX have_HV been_BEN months_NNS of_IN F10 88 controversy_NN about_IN unilateral_JJ F10 89 disarmament_NN ._. ^ both_ABX those_DTS for_IN and_CC against_IN F10 89 are_BER fervently_RB convinced_VBN they_PP3AS F10 90 speak_VB for_IN the_ATI great_JJ majority_NN of_IN the_ATI people_NNS F10 90 ._. F10 91 ^ television_NN and_CC the_ATI political_JJ image_NN shows_VBZ F10 91 what_WDT was_BEDZ actually_RB F10 92 happening_VBG to_IN the_ATI minds_NNS of_IN the_ATI people_NNS as_CS F10 92 they_PP3AS listened_VBD or_CC looked_VBD in_RP F10 93 during_IN the_ATI election_NN campaign_NN ._. F10 94 ^ how_WRB did_DOD the_ATI broadcasts_NNS affect_VB the_ATI F10 94 elections_NNS ?_? ^ it_PP3 was_BEDZ interesting_JJ F10 95 to_TO see_VB how_WRB the_ATI persistent_JJ propaganda_NN against_IN F10 95 nationalisation_NN was_BEDZ F10 96 accepted_VBN by_IN even_RB labour_NN supporters_NNS and_CC the_ATI F10 96 feeling_NN that_DT labour_NN was_BEDZ a_AT F10 97 divided_JJ party_NN was_BEDZ also_RB prevalent_JJ ._. ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ F10 97 interesting_JJ to_TO read_VB about_IN the_ATI F10 98 items_NNS electors_NNS mentioned_VBD as_CS having_HVG ,_, in_IN F10 98 their_PP$ view_NN ,_, specially_RB affected_VBN F10 99 the_ATI elections_NNS ._. ^ of_IN the_ATI total_NN ,_, 32_CD %_NNU F10 99 thought_VBD *'_*' rash_JJ labour_NN promises_NNS *-_*- F10 100 cost_NN of_IN new_JJ pension_NN scheme_NN *-_*- bribery_NN of_IN F10 100 electorate_NN **'_**' had_HVD a_AT bad_JJ F10 101 effect_NN ,_, 26_CD %_NNU thought_VBD nationalisation_NN hurt_VBD F10 101 labour_NN and_CC 10_CD %_NNU thought_VBD F10 102 strikes_NNS ,_, especially_RB that_DT at_IN British_JNP oxygen_NN F10 102 works_NNS ,_, were_BED bad_JJ ._. ^ (_( the_ATI F10 103 percentages_NNS among_IN labour_NN supporters_NNS on_IN these_DTS F10 103 items_NNS were_BED 22_CD %_NNU ,_, 30_CD %_NNU and_CC F10 104 7_CD %_NNU respectively_RB ._. )_) F10 105 ^ a_AT common_JJ view_NN ._. F10 106 ^ a_AT fairly_RB common_JJ view_NN was_BEDZ that_CS ~ *'_*' F10 106 labour_NN tried_VBD to_TO buy_VB their_PP$ way_NN F10 107 in_RP **'_**' ._. ^ Harold_NP Macmillan_NP cleverly_RB put_VBD this_DT F10 107 across_RP by_IN adding_VBG *'_*' with_IN F10 108 your_PP$ money_NN ,_, of_RB course_RB" **'_**' ._. ^ keeping_VBG F10 108 the_ATI cost_NN of_IN living_NN down_RP came_VBD top_RB as_IN F10 109 the_ATI subject_NN of_IN most_QL immediate_JJ interest_NN ,_, F10 109 treatment_NN of_IN old_JJ age_NN was_BEDZ next_AP F10 110 and_CC a_AT permanent_JJ peace_NN settlement_NN third_RB ._. ^ F10 110 unemployment_NN came_VBD fourth_RB and_CC F10 111 the_ATI control_NN of_IN the_ATI H_ZZ bomb_NN was_BEDZ fifth_OD ,_, F10 111 and_RB so_RB" on_RB" down_IN the_ATI list_NN ._. ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ F10 112 interesting_JJ that_CS the_ATI subjects_NNS of_IN interest_NN have_HV F10 112 nearly_RB the_ATI same_AP F10 113 proportional_JJ interest_NN among_IN supporters_NNS of_IN both_ABX F10 113 parties_NNS *-_*- cost_NN of_IN F10 114 living_NN two_CD out_RP of_IN three_CD and_CC H_ZZ bomb_NN one_CD1 F10 114 out_RP of_IN three_CD ._. F10 115 ^ the_ATI general_JJ view_NN was_BEDZ that_CS efficiency_NN of_IN F10 115 the_ATI programmes_NNS and_CC of_IN the_ATI F10 116 detailed_JJ argument_NN did_DOD not_XNOT make_VB a_AT decisive_JJ F10 116 impression_NN ._. ^ most_AP people_NNS F10 117 were_BED looking_VBG for_IN a_AT government_NN ;_; and_CC ,_, F10 117 therefore_RB ,_, the_ATI overall_JJB impression_NN F10 118 of_IN competence_NN and_CC a_AT total_JJ policy_NN that_WPR was_BEDZ F10 118 acceptable_JJ and_CC clear_JJ were_BED F10 119 the_ATI largest_JJT factors_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI tory_JJ party's_NN$ F10 119 goodwill_NN rested_VBD on_IN its_PP$ claim_NN to_IN F10 120 tradition_NN ,_, its_PP$ claim_NN to_TO represent_VB the_ATI whole_JJ F10 120 nation_NN and_CC its_PP$ claim_NN to_IN F10 121 defence_NN of_IN individual_JJ rights_NNS ._. F10 122 ^ the_ATI labour_NN party_NN is_BEZ accepted_VBN as_CS standing_NN F10 122 for_IN the_ATI welfare_NN of_IN the_ATI F10 123 people_NNS ,_, but_CC its_PP$ working-class_JJ foundation_NN makes_VBZ F10 123 it_PP3 difficult_JJ to_TO F10 124 reconcile_VB this_DT with_IN its_PP$ claim_NN to_TO act_VB in_IN F10 124 the_ATI *'_*' national_JJ **'_**' interest_NN ._. F10 125 ^ its_PP$ disunity_NN appeared_VBD a_AT cause_NN of_IN its_PP$ F10 125 losing_VBG support_NN ._. ^ nearly_RB 70_CD %_NNU of_IN F10 126 the_ATI electors_NNS were_BED reached_VBN by_IN party_NN broadcasts_NNS F10 126 ._. ^ each_DT party_NN \0T.V_NN F10 127 programme_NN reached_VBD about_RB 20_CD %_NNU of_IN the_ATI entire_JJB F10 127 adult_NN population_NN ._. ^ about_RB 50_CD %_NNU F10 128 saw_VBD the_ATI \0T.V_NN news_NN bulletins_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI F10 128 campaign_NN showed_VBD no_ATI decisive_JJ F10 129 swing_NN towards_IN either_DTX of_IN the_ATI main_JJB parties_NNS ._. F10 130 ^ these_DTS are_BER only_RB some_DTI of_IN the_ATI interesting_JJ F10 130 factors_NNS which_WDTR come_VB from_IN F10 131 the_ATI survey_NN ._. ^ there_EX can_MD be_BE no_ATI certain_JJ F10 131 conclusions_NNS ;_; but_CC it_PP3 is_BEZ clear_JJ that_CS F10 132 not_XNOT many_AP people_NNS change_VB sides_NNS during_IN an_AT F10 132 election_NN ,_, though_CS a_AT little_JJ F10 133 change_NN can_MD mean_VB much_AP ._. ^ three_CD people_NNS in_IN F10 133 every_AT street_NN changing_VBG over_RP F10 134 could_MD change_VB the_ATI government_NN ._. F10 135 ^ so_QL delicate_JJ is_BEZ the_ATI balance_NN that_CS it_PP3 can_MD F10 135 be_BE tipped_VBN by_IN a_AT slip_NN of_IN the_ATI F10 136 tongue_NN or_CC by_IN some_DTI development_NN that_WPR shakes_VBZ F10 136 the_ATI confidence_NN of_IN the_ATI timid_JJ F10 137 or_CC uncertain_JJ ._. ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ on_IN this_DT uncertain_JJ F10 137 group_NN that_CS the_ATI choice_NN of_IN F10 138 government_NN rests_VBZ ._. ^ it_PP3 's_BEZ a_AT grave_JJ thought_NN F10 138 ._. F10 139 ^ this_DT book_NN is_BEZ worth_IN reading_VBG ._. F10 140 ^ ready_JJ reckoning_NN ._. F10 141 ^ Japanese_JNP medicine_NN is_BEZ conventional_JJ ,_, but_CC the_ATI F10 141 Chinese_NNPS always_RB F10 142 have_HV their_PP$ own_AP approach_NN to_IN scientific_JJ problems_NNS F10 142 and_CC there_EX is_BEZ a_AT F10 143 distinctive_JJ Chinese_JNP therapy_NN which_WDTR makes_VBZ great_JJ F10 143 use_NN of_IN herbal_JJ brews_NNS ,_, F10 144 exercises_NNS and_CC acupuncture_NN needles_NNS ._. ^ similarly_RB ,_, F10 144 the_ATI Chinese_NNPS have_HV their_PP$ F10 145 own_AP traditional_JJ methods_NNS of_IN ready_JJ reckoning_NN ._. ^ F10 145 in_IN the_ATI west_NR the_ATI shop_NN or_CC F10 146 restaurant_NN cashier_NN uses_VBZ a_AT register_NN ,_, or_CC F10 146 wrestles_VBZ with_IN a_AT pencil_NN and_CC a_AT F10 147 column_NN of_IN figures_NNS ,_, but_CC in_IN the_ATI east_NR one_CD1 F10 147 of_IN the_ATI most_QL familiar_JJ sounds_NNS is_BEZ F10 148 the_ATI clicking_NN of_IN the_ATI abacus_NN as_CS some_DTI shop_NN F10 148 assistant's_NN$ nimble_JJ fingers_NNS F10 149 flick_VB the_ATI beads_NNS to_RP and_CC fro_RB at_IN lightning_NN F10 149 speed_NN to_TO produce_VB the_ATI total_NN of_IN F10 150 your_PP$ bill_NN ._. F10 151 ^ primitive_JJ ,_, slow_JJ ,_, old-fashioned_JJ ?_? ^ in_IN a_AT F10 151 contest_NN organised_VBN by_IN F10 152 Singapore_NP trade_NN ,_, \0Mr_NPT Bei_NP Po-lu_NP of_IN Singapore_NP F10 152 was_BEDZ timed_VBN with_IN a_AT F10 153 stopwatch_NN the_ATI other_AP day_NN as_CS he_PP3A used_VBD his_PP$ F10 153 two-dollar_JJB abacus_NN to_TO divide_VB F10 154 2,644,035_CD by_IN 1,077_CD ._. ^ his_PP$ right_JJ hand_NN flashed_VBD F10 154 over_IN the_ATI beads_NNS and_CC he_PP3A F10 155 produced_VBD the_ATI correct_JJ result_NN *-_*- 2,455_CD *-_*- in_IN F10 155 10.3_CD seconds_NNS ._. ^ a_AT F10 156 western-trained_JJ accountant_NN then_RN did_DOD the_ATI same_AP sum_NN F10 156 on_IN an_AT expensive_JJ F10 157 electric_JJ calculating_NN machine_NN ._. ^ it_PP3 took_VBD nearly_RB F10 157 two_CD seconds_NNS longer_RBR ._. ^ *-_*- F10 158 observer_NN foreign_JJ news_NN service_NN ,_, 21st_OD February_NR ._. F10 159 ^ key_JJB point_NN in_IN the_ATI Mediterranean_NP ._. F10 160 ^ by_IN Frank_NP Horrabin_NP ._. F10 161 ^ France_NP established_VBD a_AT protectorate_NN over_IN Tunisia_NP F10 161 in_IN 1881_CD ,_, F10 162 three_CD years_NNS after_IN the_ATI congress_NN of_IN Berlin_NP ,_, F10 162 at_IN which_WDTR she_PP3A had_HVD agreed_VBN to_IN F10 163 the_ATI British_JNP seizure_NN of_IN Cyprus_NP ._. ^ five_CD years_NNS F10 163 ago_RB (_( in_IN 1956_CD )_) Tunisia_NP F10 164 became_VBD independent_JJ *-_*- thus_RB anticipating_VBG the_ATI F10 164 freeing_NN of_IN Cyprus_NP by_IN a_AT year_NN F10 165 or_CC two_CD ._. F10 166 ^ the_ATI French_NNPS ,_, however_RB ,_, retained_VBD their_PP$ F10 166 hold_NN on_IN the_ATI naval_JJ base_NN of_IN F10 167 Bizerta_NP ,_, situated_VBN opposite_IN the_ATI channel_NN between_IN F10 167 Africa_NP and_CC Sicily_NP ,_, the_ATI F10 168 *'_*' Narrows_NPS **'_**' separating_VBG the_ATI western_JJ from_IN F10 168 the_ATI eastern_JJ Mediterranean_NP F10 169 (_( see_VB map_NN )_) ._. ^ their_PP$ continued_JJ possession_NN of_IN F10 169 this_DT important_JJ strategic_JJ F10 170 point_NN has_HVZ been_BEN constantly_RB questioned_VBN by_IN Tunis_NP F10 170 ,_, but_CC it_PP3 was_BEDZ a_AT matter_NN for_IN F10 171 some_DTI surprise_NN when_WRB Bourguiba_NP ,_, the_ATI Tunisian_JNP F10 171 President_NPT ,_, suddenly_RB decided_VBD F10 172 a_AP few_AP" weeks_NNS ago_RB to_TO attempt_VB to_TO take_VB the_ATI F10 172 port_NN by_IN force_NN ._. F10 173 ^ Tunisia_NP has_HVZ given_VBN aid_NN and_CC shelter_NN to_IN F10 173 the_ATI *'_*' rebel_NN **'_**' Algerian_JNP F10 174 government_NN ,_, and_CC there_EX has_HVZ been_BEN much_AP bitter_JJ F10 174 fighting_NN between_IN the_ATI French_NNPS F10 175 and_CC the_ATI Algerian_JNP nationalists_NNS along_IN the_ATI F10 175 Tunisian_JNP frontier_NN ._. F10 177 ^ factory_NN meetings_NNS at_IN lunch_NN hours_NNS ._. F10 178 ^ for_IN many_AP years_NNS now_RN the_ATI west_NR of_IN Scotland_NP F10 178 \0N.C.L.C_NP has_HVZ F10 179 always_RB managed_VBN to_TO run_VB a_AT number_NN of_IN classes_NNS F10 179 or_CC discussion_NN groups_NNS during_IN F10 180 factory_NN lunch_NN hours_NNS ._. ^ there_EX is_BEZ no_ATI doubt_NN F10 180 that_CS such_ABL classes_NNS are_BER possible_JJ F10 181 in_IN all_ABN industrial_JJ areas_NNS to_IN some_DTI extent_NN ,_, F10 181 and_CC \0N.C.L.C_NP F10 182 organisers_NNS have_HV been_BEN asked_VBN to_TO take_VB up_RP the_ATI F10 182 question_NN where_WRB they_PP3AS have_HV F10 183 not_XNOT already_RB done_VBN so_PN ._. F10 184 ^ will_MD any_DTI Plebs_NP reader_NN who_WPR thinks_VBZ he_PP3A F10 184 can_MD get_VB a_AT class_NN or_CC F10 185 discussion_NN group_NN going_VBG in_IN his_PP$ factory_NN during_IN F10 185 the_ATI lunch_NN hour_NN please_UH F10 186 drop_VB a_AT line_NN to_IN the_ATI \0N.C.L.C_NP ,_, Tillicoultry_NP ?_? F10 186 ^ it_PP3 will_MD be_BE passed_VBN F10 187 on_RP to_IN the_ATI organiser_NN concerned_VBN ._. F10 188 ^ it_PP3 may_MD be_BE too_RB that_CS in_IN your_PP$ works_NN ,_, F10 188 through_IN the_ATI works_NN committee_NN ,_, it_PP3 F10 189 might_MD be_BE possible_JJ for_IN the_ATI management_NN to_TO give_VB F10 189 apprentices_NNS a_AT half-hour_NN F10 190 off_RP to_TO learn_VB something_PN about_IN the_ATI trade_NN union_NN F10 190 movement_NN ._. ^ the_ATI F10 191 \0N.C.L.C_NP would_MD be_BE glad_JJ to_TO send_VB a_AT speaker_NN to_IN F10 191 such_ABL a_AT meeting_NN ,_, F10 192 and_CC to_TO approach_VB the_ATI management_NN with_IN the_ATI F10 192 assistance_NN of_IN the_ATI chief_JJB shop_NN F10 193 steward_NN ._. F10 194 ^ history_NN on_IN film_NN strip_NN ._. F10 195 ^ film-strip_NN talks_NNS play_VB an_AT important_JJ role_NN in_IN F10 195 many_AP schools_NNS all_RB F10 196 over_IN the_ATI country_NN ,_, and_CC they_PP3AS should_MD play_VB a_AT F10 196 much_RB more_QL important_JJ role_NN in_IN F10 197 the_ATI \0N.C.L.C_NP than_CS they_PP3AS do_DO ,_, because_CS people_NNS F10 197 learn_VB through_IN their_PP$ F10 198 eyes_NNS as_CC well_CC" as_CC" through_IN their_PP$ ears_NNS ._. ^ F10 198 besides_RI ,_, if_CS one_CD1 looks_VBZ at_IN the_ATI F10 199 papers_NNS that_WPR have_HV the_ATI biggest_JJT working-class_JJ F10 199 circulations_NNS it_PP3 is_BEZ they_PP3AS F10 200 which_WDTR have_HV the_ATI most_AP pictures_NNS ._. F10 201 ^ one_CD1 of_IN the_ATI latest_JJT history_NN film_NN strips_NNS F10 201 available_JJ is_BEZ *'_*' George_NP 3_CD F10 202 and_CC the_ATI revolutionary_JJ wars_NNS (_( 1760-1815_CD-CD )_) F10 202 **'_**' ,_, published_VBN by_IN common_JJ ground_NN ,_, F10 203 \0Ltd_JNP ._. ^ a_AT pamphlet_NN of_IN notes_NNS on_IN the_ATI F10 203 lecture_NN is_BEZ provided_VBN along_IN with_IN" the_ATI F10 204 film_NN strip_NN ,_, which_WDTR contains_VBZ 30_CD pictures_NNS ._. ^ F10 204 the_ATI film_NN strip_NN is_BEZ broken_VBN up_RP F10 205 into_IN the_ATI following_JJ sections_NNS :_: *-_*- King_NPT and_CC F10 205 parliament_NN ,_, causes_NNS of_IN the_ATI F10 206 American_JNP revolution_NN ,_, the_ATI course_NN of_IN the_ATI F10 206 American_JNP revolution_NN ,_, the_ATI F10 207 younger_JJR Pitt_NP in_IN peace_NN and_CC war_NN ,_, and_CC the_ATI F10 207 slow_JJ struggle_NN towards_IN victory_NN ._. F11 2 ^ Versailles_NP revisited_VBN ._. F11 3 ^ by_IN James_NP Edward_NP Holroyd_NP ._. F11 4 ^ in_IN a_AT small_JJ black_JJ pocket-diary_NN in_IN the_ATI F11 4 Bodleian_JNP Library_NPL there_EX are_BER F11 5 various_JJ brief_JJ pencilled_JJ entries_NNS which_WDTR record_VB F11 5 the_ATI owner's_NN$ holiday_NN in_IN F11 6 Paris_NP with_IN a_AT friend_NN in_IN the_ATI summer_NN of_IN 1901_CD F11 6 :_: ^ *'_*' August_NR 7_CD \0St_NPT Denis_NP ._. F11 7 ^ August_NR 9_CD Louvre_NP buildings_NNS ._. **'_**' ^ and_CC then_RN F11 7 :_: ^ *'_*' August_NR 10_CD Versailles_NP ._. **'_**' F11 8 ^ the_ATI diary_NN is_BEZ signed_VBN \0C_NP \0A_NP \0E_NP Moberly_NP F11 8 on_IN the_ATI fly-leaf_NN ._. F11 9 ^ that_DT laconic_JJ entry_NN represents_VBZ the_ATI F11 9 starting-point_NN of_IN the_ATI strange_JJ F11 10 experience_NN of_IN the_ATI two_CD English_JNP women_NNS who_WPR F11 10 saw_VBD ,_, or_CC thought_VBD they_PP3AS saw_VBD ,_, F11 11 Marie_NP Antoinette_NP and_CC members_NNS of_IN her_PP$ entourage_NN F11 11 in_IN the_ATI grounds_NNS of_IN the_ATI F11 12 Petit_NP Trianon_NP at_IN Versailles_NP on_IN that_DT far-off_NN F11 12 summer_NN afternoon_NN ._. F11 13 ^ the_ATI experience_NN lasted_VBD only_RB half_ABN an_AT hour_NN F11 13 ._. ^ the_ATI two_CD women_NNS thought_VBD F11 14 so_QL little_RB of_IN it_PP3 at_IN the_ATI time_NN that_CS they_PP3AS F11 14 did_DOD not_XNOT discuss_VB it_PP3 for_IN a_AT week_NN ;_; F11 15 did_DOD not_XNOT write_VB down_RP any_DTI account_NN of_IN it_PP3 F11 15 for_IN three_CD months_NNS ;_; did_DOD not_XNOT publish_VB F11 16 it_PP3 to_IN the_ATI world_NN until_IN ten_CD years_NNS later_RBR ._. F11 17 ^ when_WRB the_ATI book_NN appeared_VBD pseudonymously_RB under_IN F11 17 the_ATI title_NN of_IN *'_*' an_AT F11 18 adventure_NN **'_**' fifty_CD years_NNS ago_RB in_IN 1911_CD ,_, it_PP3 F11 18 aroused_VBD controversy_NN which_WDTR F11 19 continues_VBZ today_NR ._. ^ although_CS the_ATI two_CD women_NNS ,_, F11 19 whom_WPOR we_PP1AS now_RN know_VB to_TO have_HV F11 20 been_BEN Miss_NPT Annie_NP Moberly_NP and_CC Miss_NPT Eleanor_NP F11 20 Jourdain_NP ,_, were_BED of_IN high_JJ F11 21 academic_JJ standing_NN ,_, their_PP$ accounts_NNS were_BED not_XNOT F11 21 without_IN confusion_NN ._. ^ some_DTI of_IN F11 22 their_PP$ evidence_NN is_BEZ careless_JJ if_CS not_XNOT suspect_JJ ;_; F11 22 some_DTI of_IN their_PP$ research_NN F11 23 contradictory_JJ ._. ^ they_PP3AS have_HV been_BEN accused_VBN of_IN F11 23 altering_VBG their_PP$ stories_NNS ;_; of_IN F11 24 adding_VBG later_JJR touches_NNS which_WDTR lifted_VBD their_PP$ F11 24 experience_NN from_IN the_ATI light_NN of_IN F11 25 common_JJ day_NN into_IN the_ATI rarified_JJ atmosphere_NN of_IN F11 25 the_ATI late_JJ eighteenth_OD F11 26 century_NN ._. F11 27 ^ the_ATI two_CD women_NNS were_BED always_RB somewhat_RB F11 27 hypersensitive_JJ to_IN criticism_NN ,_, F11 28 and_CC as_CS if_CS" to_TO refute_VB any_DTI suggestion_NN of_IN F11 28 collusion_NN or_CC conspiracy_NN ,_, Miss_NPT F11 29 Moberly_NP deposited_VBD their_PP$ letters_NNS and_CC papers_NNS in_IN F11 29 the_ATI Bodleian_JNP ._. ^ neither_DTX F11 30 of_IN the_ATI two_CD is_BEZ now_RN alive_JJ ,_, but_CC the_ATI F11 30 echoes_NNS of_IN their_PP$ adventure_NN *-_*- which_WDTR has_HVZ F11 31 been_BEN described_VBN as_IN *'_*' the_ATI most_QL famous_JJ ghost_NN F11 31 story_NN in_IN the_ATI world_NN **'_**' *-_*- F11 32 still_RB puzzle_VB the_ATI inquirer_NN ._. ^ were_BED they_PP3AS F11 32 victims_NNS of_IN hallucination_NN ?_? ^ did_DOD F11 33 they_PP3AS only_RB imagine_VB the_ATI experiences_NNS they_PP3AS F11 33 described_VBD ?_? ^ could_MD their_PP$ F11 34 adventure_NN be_BE explained_VBN in_IN natural_JJ terms_NNS ?_? ^ or_CC F11 34 did_DOD they_PP3AS ,_, in_IN fact_NN ,_, find_VB a_AT F11 35 doorway_NN into_IN the_ATI past_NN which_WDTR enabled_VBD them_PP3OS F11 35 to_TO participate_VB ,_, however_WRB F11 36 briefly_RB ,_, in_IN the_ATI sunset_NN thoughts_NNS of_IN the_ATI F11 36 unhappy_JJ queen_NN ?_? F11 37 ^ there_EX are_BER few_AP places_NNS in_IN the_ATI world_NN in_IN F11 37 which_WDTR it_PP3 is_BEZ easier_JJR to_TO F11 38 imagine_VB ghosts_NNS than_IN the_ATI vast_JJ palace_NN of_IN F11 38 Versailles_NP ._. ^ the_ATI echoing_JJ halls_NNS F11 39 of_IN the_ATI great_JJ cha*?5teau_NN ,_, the_ATI labyrinthine_JJ F11 39 walks_NNS of_IN the_ATI main_JJB park_NN with_IN F11 40 their_PP$ stone_NN benches_NNS and_CC frozen_JJ statuary_NN ,_, the_ATI F11 40 haunted_JJ gardens_NNS of_IN the_ATI F11 41 Petit_NP Trianon_NP *-_*- all_ABN are_BER alike_RB murmurous_JJ with_IN F11 41 the_ATI footfalls_NNS of_IN history_NN ._. F11 42 ^ Miss_NPT Moberly_NP was_BEDZ the_ATI principal_NN of_IN \0St_NPT F11 42 Hugh's_NP$ ,_, Oxford_NP ,_, and_CC Miss_NPT F11 43 Jourdain_NP the_ATI joint_JJB head_NN of_IN a_AT girls'_NNS$ school_NN F11 43 at_IN Watford_NP on_IN that_DT August_NR F11 44 afternoon_NN which_WDTR was_BEDZ to_TO establish_VB their_PP$ F11 44 life-long_JJ link_NN with_IN Versailles_NP ._. F11 45 ^ their_PP$ respective_JJ ages_NNS were_BED fifty-five_CD and_CC F11 45 thirty-eight_CD ._. ^ both_ABX were_BED F11 46 daughters_NNS of_IN Anglican_JNP clergy_NNS ._. ^ Miss_NPT Moberly_NP F11 46 was_BEDZ ,_, in_IN fact_NN ,_, the_ATI seventh_OD F11 47 child_NN of_IN a_AT bishop_NN of_IN Salisbury_NP who_WPR had_HVD F11 47 previously_RB been_BEN headmaster_NN of_IN F11 48 Winchester_NP ._. ^ she_PP3A had_HVD acted_VBN as_IN her_PP$ F11 48 father's_NN$ secretary_NN ,_, and_CC although_CS F11 49 lacking_VBG formal_JJ academic_JJ qualifications_NNS was_BEDZ F11 49 appointed_VBN to_IN the_ATI headship_NN F11 50 of_IN the_ATI first_OD women's_NNS$ college_NN in_IN Oxford_NP ,_, a_AT F11 50 post_NN to_IN which_WDTR she_PP3A brought_VBD F11 51 considerable_JJ gifts_NNS of_IN administration_NN and_CC undoubted_JJ F11 51 authority_NN ._. ^ in_IN the_ATI F11 52 summer_NN of_IN 1901_CD she_PP3A was_BEDZ seeking_VBG a_AT F11 52 vice-principal_NN for_IN \0St_NPT Hugh's_NP$ ,_, and_CC F11 53 the_ATI sightseeing_NN holiday_NN ,_, with_IN Miss_NPT Jourdain's_NP$ F11 53 Paris_NP flat_NN as_IN base_NN ,_, was_BEDZ F11 54 to_TO be_BE a_AT mutual_JJ exploration_NN of_IN temperament_NN and_CC F11 54 personality_NN ._. F11 55 ^ neither_DTX of_IN the_ATI women_NNS claimed_VBD to_TO know_VB F11 55 more_AP of_IN Versailles_NP than_CS F11 56 occasional_JJ casual_JJ reading_NN had_HVD brought_VBN ._. ^ *'_*' F11 56 we_PP1AS had_HVD very_QL hazy_JJ ideas_NNS as_IN to_IN" F11 57 where_WRB it_PP3 was_BEDZ or_CC what_WDT there_EX was_BEDZ to_TO be_BE F11 57 seen_VBN ,_, **'_**' Miss_NPT Moberly_NP wrote_VBD of_IN F11 58 the_ATI Petit_NP Trianon_NP ._. ^ *'_*' both_ABX of_IN us_PP1OS F11 58 thought_VBD it_PP3 might_MD prove_VB to_TO be_BE a_AT dull_JJ F11 59 expedition_NN ._. **'_**' ^ Miss_NPT Jourdain_NP was_BEDZ familiar_JJ F11 59 with_IN French_NNP and_CC gave_VBD F11 60 lessons_NNS on_IN the_ATI history_NN of_IN the_ATI revolution_NN ._. ^ F11 60 Miss_NPT Moberly_NP could_MD read_VB F11 61 French_NNP but_CC was_BEDZ not_XNOT good_JJ at_IN the_ATI spoken_JJ F11 61 word_NN ._. F11 62 ^ let_VB us_PP1OS now_RN follow_VB them_PP3OS on_IN their_PP$ F11 62 adventure_NN at_IN Versailles_NP ._. ^ in_IN the_ATI F11 63 middle_NN of_IN the_ATI afternoon_NN ,_, after_IN the_ATI usual_JJ F11 63 tourists'_NNS$ round_NN of_IN the_ATI F11 64 palace_NN ,_, they_PP3AS decided_VBD to_TO visit_VB the_ATI Petit_NP F11 64 Trianon_NP ._. ^ they_PP3AS looked_VBD up_RP the_ATI F11 65 general_JJ direction_NN in_IN Baedeker_NP and_CC walked_VBD down_RP F11 65 through_IN the_ATI main_JJB grounds_NNS F11 66 until_CS they_PP3AS reached_VBD the_ATI forecourt_NN of_IN the_ATI F11 66 Grand_NP Trianon_NP ._. ^ instead_RB of_IN F11 67 walking_VBG along_IN the_ATI Avenue_NPL des_&FW Deux_NP Trianons_NP ,_, F11 67 which_WDTR would_MD have_HV brought_VBN F11 68 them_PP3OS immediately_RB to_IN the_ATI main_JJB entrance_NN to_IN F11 68 the_ATI Petit_NP Trianon_NP ,_, they_PP3AS went_VBD F11 69 along_IN a_AT lane_NN through_IN a_AT gate_NN on_IN the_ATI F11 69 right-hand_JJB side_NN of_IN the_ATI Grand_NP F11 70 Trianon_NP forecourt_NN ._. F11 71 ^ after_IN walking_VBG up_IN the_ATI lane_NN they_PP3AS made_VBD F11 71 a_AT sharp_JJ turn_NN to_IN the_ATI right_NN F11 72 past_IN some_DTI buildings_NNS ._. ^ Miss_NPT Jourdain_NP described_VBD F11 72 them_PP3OS as_IN farm_NN buildings_NNS F11 73 and_CC noted_VBD that_CS implements_NNS ,_, among_IN them_PP3OS a_AT F11 73 plough_NN ,_, were_BED lying_VBG around_RP ._. ^ in_IN F11 74 retrospect_NN they_PP3AS always_RB felt_VBD that_CS the_ATI point_NN F11 74 at_IN which_WDTR they_PP3AS passed_VBD the_ATI F11 75 buildings_NNS marked_VBD the_ATI beginning_NN of_IN their_PP$ F11 75 adventure_NN *-_*- that_CS from_IN this_DT F11 76 moment_NN they_PP3AS trod_VBD enchanted_JJ ground_NN ._. ^ only_RB F11 76 in_IN retrospect_NN ,_, however_RB :_: at_IN F11 77 the_ATI time_NN they_PP3AS were_BED walking_VBG briskly_RB and_CC F11 77 talking_VBG with_IN animation_NN about_IN F11 78 England_NP and_CC their_PP$ mutual_JJ acquaintances_NNS ._. ^ Miss_NPT F11 78 Moberly_NP recorded_VBD that_CS F11 79 although_CS the_ATI weather_NN had_HVD been_BEN very_QL hot_JJ all_ABN F11 79 the_ATI week_NN ,_, the_ATI sky_NN was_BEDZ F11 80 somewhat_RB overcast_JJ that_DT afternoon_NN and_CC a_AT lively_JJ F11 80 wind_NN was_BEDZ blowing_VBG across_IN F11 81 the_ATI main_JJB park_NN ._. F11 82 ^ passing_VBG the_ATI buildings_NNS ,_, they_PP3AS went_VBD along_IN F11 82 the_ATI middle_JJB path_NN of_IN three_CD ,_, F11 83 where_WRB they_PP3AS met_VBD two_CD men_NNS and_CC asked_VBD the_ATI F11 83 way_NN to_IN the_ATI house_NN ._. ^ they_PP3AS were_BED told_VBN F11 84 to_TO go_VB straight_RB on_RP ._. ^ the_ATI two_CD men_NNS were_BED F11 84 dressed_VBN in_IN long_JJ greyish-green_JJ F11 85 coats_NNS and_CC ,_, according_IN to_IN" Miss_NPT Moberly_NP ,_, F11 85 wore_VBD small_JJ three-cornered_JJ hats_NNS ._. F11 86 ^ the_ATI two_CD visitors_NNS first_RB spoke_VBD of_IN them_PP3OS as_IN F11 86 gardeners_NNS ,_, but_CC later_RBR thought_VBD F11 87 they_PP3AS must_MD have_HV been_BEN officials_NNS of_IN some_DTI F11 87 kind_NN ._. ^ Miss_NPT Jourdain_NP remembered_VBD F11 88 that_CS when_WRB they_PP3AS spoke_VBD to_IN the_ATI men_NNS she_PP3A F11 88 saw_VBD to_IN the_ATI right_NN a_AT detached_JJ F11 89 cottage_NN with_IN stone_NN steps_NNS and_CC a_AT woman_NN and_CC F11 89 girl_NN at_IN the_ATI doorway_NN ._. ^ Miss_NPT F11 90 Moberly_NP apparently_RB did_DOD not_XNOT notice_VB either_DTX the_ATI F11 90 cottage_NN or_CC the_ATI two_CD F11 91 occupants_NNS ._. F11 92 ^ unknown_JJ to_IN each_PPLS other_PPLS" ,_, the_ATI two_CD F11 92 visitors_NNS now_RN began_VBD to_TO experience_VB a_AT F11 93 deepening_JJ sense_NN of_IN depression_NN ._. ^ Miss_NPT Jourdain_NP F11 93 noted_VBD that_CS she_PP3A began_VBD to_TO F11 94 feel_VB that_CS they_PP3AS had_HVD lost_VBN their_PP$ way_NN and_CC F11 94 that_CS something_PN was_BEDZ wrong_JJ ._. F11 95 ^ after_IN leaving_VBG the_ATI men_NNS ,_, they_PP3AS continued_VBD F11 95 along_IN the_ATI path_NN until_CS it_PP3 was_BEDZ F11 96 crossed_VBN by_IN another_DT at_IN right-angles_NNS ._. ^ in_IN F11 96 front_IN" of_IN" them_PP3OS ,_, overshadowed_VBN by_IN F11 97 trees_NNS ,_, they_PP3AS saw_VBD a_AT small_JJ building_NN with_IN F11 97 roofed-in_JJB columns_NNS ._. ^ in_IN their_PP$ F11 98 original_JJ notes_NNS they_PP3AS referred_VBD to_IN this_DT as_IN F11 98 the_ATI Temple_NPL de_&FW l'Amour_&FW ,_, F11 99 judging_VBG it_PP3 to_TO be_BE this_DT from_IN the_ATI map_NN ,_, F11 99 but_CC in_IN the_ATI published_JJ account_NN Miss_NPT F11 100 Moberly_NP described_VBD it_PP3 as_IN *'_*' a_AT light_JJ garden_NN F11 100 kiosk_NN ,_, circular_JJ and_CC like_IN a_AT F11 101 small_JJ bandstand_NN ._. **'_**' F11 102 ^ a_AT man_NN wearing_VBG a_AT cloak_NN and_CC a_AT large_JJ F11 102 slouch_NN hat_NN was_BEDZ sitting_VBG close_RB to_IN F11 103 the_ATI kiosk_NN ._. ^ as_CS he_PP3A turned_VBD to_TO look_VB at_IN F11 103 them_PP3OS ,_, both_ABX saw_VBD that_CS his_PP$ expression_NN F11 104 was_BEDZ evil_JJ and_CC repulsive_JJ ,_, and_CC their_PP$ growing_JJ F11 104 sense_NN of_IN depression_NN and_CC F11 105 unease_NN culminated_VBN in_IN a_AT feeling_NN of_IN alarm_NN ._. ^ F11 105 Miss_NPT Moberly_NP also_RB recorded_VBD F11 106 that_CS *'_*' everything_PN suddenly_RB looked_VBD unnatural_JJ ,_, F11 106 therefore_RB unpleasant_JJ ;_; F11 107 even_RB the_ATI trees_NNS behind_IN the_ATI building_NN seemed_VBD F11 107 to_TO have_HV become_VBN flat_JJ and_CC F11 108 lifeless_JJ ,_, like_IN a_AT wood_NN worked_VBN in_IN tapestry_NN ._. F11 108 **'_**' ^ there_EX were_BED no_ATI effects_NNS of_IN F11 109 light_NN and_CC shade_NN and_CC no_ATI wind_NN stirred_VBD the_ATI F11 109 trees_NNS ._. ^ it_PP3 was_BEDZ all_ABN intensely_RB F11 110 still_JJ ._. ^ she_PP3A thought_VBD that_CS nothing_PN would_MD F11 110 induce_VB her_PP3O to_TO go_VB to_IN the_ATI left_NN *-_*- F11 111 presumably_RB past_IN the_ATI seated_JJ man_NN ._. F11 112 ^ in_IN the_ATI silence_NN they_PP3AS were_BED relieved_JJ to_TO F11 112 hear_VB someone_PN running_VBG towards_IN F11 113 them_PP3OS ._. ^ Miss_NPT Moberly_NP *'_*' connecting_VBG the_ATI F11 113 sound_NN with_IN the_ATI gardeners_NNS ,_, **'_**' saw_VBD F11 114 it_PP3 was_BEDZ a_AT handsome_JJ young_JJ man_NN *-_*- *'_*' F11 114 distinctly_RB a_AT gentleman_NN **'_**' *-_*- who_WPR also_RB F11 115 wore_VBD a_AT large_JJ sombrero_NN and_CC a_AT dark_JJ cloak_NN with_IN F11 115 one_CD1 end_NN flying_VBG out_RP in_IN his_PP$ F11 116 prodigious_JJ hurry_NN ._. ^ he_PP3A told_VBD them_PP3OS in_IN F11 116 French_NNP that_CS it_PP3 was_BEDZ not_XNOT necessary_JJ to_TO F11 117 go_VB to_IN the_ATI left_NN and_CC that_CS they_PP3AS would_MD find_VB F11 117 the_ATI house_NN to_IN the_ATI right_NN ._. ^ he_PP3A F11 118 then_RN disappeared_VBD and_CC they_PP3AS heard_VBD his_PP$ F11 118 retreating_JJ footsteps_NNS ,_, still_RB F11 119 running_VBG ._. F11 120 ^ the_ATI two_CD visitors_NNS then_RN crossed_VBD a_AT small_JJ F11 120 rustic_JJ bridge_NN over_IN a_AT tiny_JJ F11 121 ravine_NN with_IN a_AT trickle_NN of_IN water_NN on_IN the_ATI right_NN F11 121 ,_, followed_VBD a_AT pathway_NN under_IN F11 122 trees_NNS ,_, and_CC skirted_VBD a_AT narrow_JJ meadow_NN of_IN long_JJ F11 122 grass_NN ,_, damp_JJ and_CC with_IN an_AT F11 123 orchard_NN look_NN about_IN it_PP3 ._. ^ this_DT ,_, although_CS F11 123 they_PP3AS did_DOD not_XNOT realise_VB it_PP3 at_IN the_ATI F11 124 time_NN ,_, was_BEDZ the_ATI English_JNP garden_NN on_IN the_ATI F11 124 north_NR side_NN of_IN the_ATI Petit_NP Trianon_NP ._. F11 125 ^ the_ATI windows_NNS facing_VBG them_PP3OS were_BED apparently_RB F11 125 shuttered_JJ ._. F11 126 ^ as_CS they_PP3AS went_VBD up_RP to_IN the_ATI terrace_NN F11 126 bordering_VBG the_ATI north_NR and_CC west_NR F11 127 fronts_NNS ,_, Miss_NPT Moberly_NP noticed_VBD a_AT woman_NN F11 127 sitting_VBG below_IN the_ATI north_NR terrace_NN F11 128 and_CC holding_VBG a_AT paper_NN at_IN arm's-length_NN as_CS if_CS" F11 128 sketching_VBG ._. ^ afterwards_RB she_PP3A F11 129 was_BEDZ able_JJ to_TO describe_VB the_ATI dress_NN with_IN some_DTI F11 129 particularity_NN ,_, and_CC noted_VBD ,_, F11 130 ^ *'_*' I_PP1A thought_VBD she_PP3A was_BEDZ a_AT tourist_NN ,_, but_CC F11 130 that_CS her_PP$ dress_NN was_BEDZ old-fashioned_JJ F11 131 and_CC rather_RB unusual_JJ (_( though_CS people_NNS were_BED F11 131 wearing_VBG fichu_NN bodices_NNS that_DT F11 132 summer_NN )_) ._. **'_**' ^ Miss_NPT Moberly_NP subsequently_RB F11 132 identified_VBD the_ATI woman_NN from_IN a_AT F11 133 photograph_NN as_CS being_BEG Marie_NP Antoinette_NP ._. ^ later_RBR F11 133 it_PP3 emerged_VBD that_CS Miss_NPT F11 134 Jourdain_NP had_HVD not_XNOT noticed_VBN anyone_PN at_IN this_DT F11 134 point_NN ,_, although_CS they_PP3AS asserted_VBD F11 135 that_CS there_EX was_BEDZ no_PN one_PN" else_RB in_IN sight_NN ._. F11 136 ^ the_ATI two_CD visitors_NNS then_RN crossed_VBD over_IN the_ATI F11 136 west_NR terrace_NN fronting_VBG the_ATI F11 137 French_JNP garden_NN and_CC were_BED moving_VBG towards_IN an_AT F11 137 unshuttered_JJ window_NN on_IN the_ATI F11 138 French_JNP garden_NN side_NN when_WRB they_PP3AS heard_VBD a_AT door_NN F11 138 bang_VB and_CC a_AT young_JJ man_NN F11 139 (_( afterwards_RB described_VBN as_IN *'_*' the_ATI chapel_NN man_NN F11 139 **'_**' )_) stepped_VBD on_RP to_IN the_ATI F11 140 terrace_NN from_IN what_WDT seemed_VBD to_TO be_BE a_AT second_OD F11 140 house_NN at_IN right-angles_NNS ._. ^ he_PP3A F11 141 told_VBD them_PP3OS that_CS the_ATI way_NN in_RP was_BEDZ by_IN the_ATI F11 141 entrance_NN court_NN and_CC walked_VBD down_IN F11 142 the_ATI French_JNP garden_NN with_IN them_PP3OS to_IN an_AT exit_NN F11 142 in_IN the_ATI front_JJB drive_NN ._. F11 143 ^ the_ATI visitors_NNS then_RN went_VBD through_IN the_ATI F11 143 forecourt_NN of_IN the_ATI Petit_NP Trianon_NP F11 144 to_IN the_ATI house_NN ,_, where_WRB they_PP3AS followed_VBD in_IN F11 144 the_ATI wake_NN of_IN a_AT French_JNP F11 145 wedding-party_NN walking_VBG arm_NN in_IN arm_NN in_IN a_AT long_JJ F11 145 procession_NN round_IN the_ATI rooms_NNS ._. F11 146 ^ they_PP3AS were_BED at_IN the_ATI back_NN of_IN the_ATI party_NN ,_, F11 146 too_QL far_RB away_RP from_IN the_ATI guide_NN to_TO F11 147 hear_VB much_AP of_IN his_PP$ story_NN ._. ^ but_CC they_PP3AS F11 147 noted_VBD that_CS the_ATI feeling_NN of_IN depression_NN F11 148 had_HVD passed_VBN and_CC that_CS they_PP3AS now_RN felt_VBN quite_RB F11 148 lively_JJ ._. F11 149 ^ then_RN they_PP3AS drove_VBD back_RP to_IN tea_NN at_IN the_ATI F11 149 Ho*?5tel_NP des_&FW Reservoirs_NP in_IN F11 150 Versailles_NP ,_, and_CC they_PP3AS did_DOD not_XNOT speak_VB of_IN F11 150 any_DTI of_IN the_ATI events_NNS of_IN the_ATI F11 151 afternoon_NN ._. ^ because_IN of_IN" the_ATI wind_NN ,_, Miss_NPT F11 151 Moberly_NP had_HVD put_VBN on_RP her_PP$ coat_NN F11 152 during_IN the_ATI drive_NN to_IN the_ATI hotel_NN ,_, and_CC as_CS F11 152 they_PP3AS later_RBR returned_VBD to_IN Paris_NP by_IN F11 153 train_NN she_PP3A noted_VBD that_CS *'_*' the_ATI setting_JJ sun_NN F11 153 at_RB last_RB" burst_VBD out_RP from_IN under_IN F11 154 the_ATI clouds_NNS ._. **'_**' F11 155 ^ *'_*' again_RB and_CC again_RB the_ATI thought_NN returned_VBD F11 155 *-_*- was_BEDZ Marie_NP Antoinette_NP F11 156 much_RB at_IN Trianon_NP ,_, and_CC did_DOD she_PP3A see_VB it_PP3 F11 156 for_IN the_ATI last_AP time_NN long_RB before_IN the_ATI F11 157 fatal_JJ drive_NN to_IN Paris_NP accompanied_VBN by_IN the_ATI mob_NN F11 157 ?_? **'_**' F11 159 ^ that_DT ,_, in_IN plain_JJ terms_NNS ,_, was_BEDZ the_ATI F11 159 substance_NN of_IN the_ATI adventure_NN ;_; and_CC a_AT F11 160 commonplace_JJ experience_NN it_PP3 would_MD have_HV remained_VBN ,_, F11 160 but_IN for_IN" the_ATI F11 161 extraordinary_JJ circumstances_NNS that_WPR followed_VBD ._. ^ F11 161 although_CS the_ATI two_CD women_NNS F11 162 stayed_VBD on_RP in_IN Paris_NP for_IN a_AT while_NN ,_, they_PP3AS F11 162 asserted_VBD that_CS they_PP3AS never_RB alluded_VBD F11 163 to_IN that_DT afternoon_NN until_CS ,_, a_AT week_NN afterwards_RB ,_, F11 163 Miss_NPT Moberly_NP was_BEDZ writing_VBG a_AT F11 164 letter_NN to_IN her_PP$ sister_NN in_IN England_NP and_CC suddenly_RB F11 164 asked_VBD Miss_NPT Jourdain_NP if_CS F11 165 she_PP3A thought_VBD the_ATI Petit_NP Trianon_NP was_BEDZ haunted_VBN F11 165 ._. F11 166 ^ Miss_NPT Jourdain_NP promptly_RB answered_VBD ~ *'_*' yes_UH ,_, F11 166 **'_**' and_CC then_RN ,_, for_IN the_ATI F11 167 first_OD time_NN ,_, they_PP3AS became_VBD aware_JJ that_CS their_PP$ F11 167 feelings_NNS of_IN depression_NN and_CC F11 168 anxiety_NN had_HVD begun_VBN at_IN the_ATI same_AP point_NN of_IN F11 168 their_PP$ journey_NN ._. ^ talking_VBG it_PP3 F11 169 over_RP ,_, they_PP3AS realised_VBD for_IN the_ATI first_OD time_NN F11 169 the_ATI theatrical_JJ appearance_NN of_IN F11 170 the_ATI running_JJ man_NN and_CC the_ATI inappropriateness_NN of_IN F11 170 his_PP$ wrapped_JJ cloak_NN on_IN a_AT F11 171 warm_JJ summer_NN afternoon_NN ._. ^ Miss_NPT Jourdain_NP also_RB F11 171 admitted_VBD having_HVG disliked_VBN F11 172 the_ATI thought_NN of_IN passing_VBG the_ATI seated_JJ man_NN at_IN F11 172 the_ATI kiosk_NN ._. F11 173 ^ on_IN November_NR 10_CD ,_, 1901_CD ,_, three_CD months_NNS F11 173 after_IN the_ATI experience_NN ,_, Miss_NPT F11 174 Jourdain_NP was_BEDZ staying_VBG with_IN Miss_NPT Moberly_NP at_IN F11 174 Oxford_NP and_CC they_PP3AS returned_VBD to_IN F11 175 the_ATI subject_NN ,_, only_RB to_TO discover_VB that_CS Miss_NPT F11 175 Jourdain_NP had_HVD not_XNOT seen_VBN the_ATI F11 176 sketching_JJ woman_NN ._. ^ thereupon_RB they_PP3AS resolved_VBD to_TO F11 176 write_VB down_RP separate_JJ F11 177 accounts_NNS of_IN the_ATI experience_NN to_TO discover_VB how_WRB F11 177 far_RB they_PP3AS had_HVD seen_VBN the_ATI same_AP F11 178 things_NNS ._. ^ these_DTS first_OD accounts_NNS ,_, both_ABX dated_VBN F11 178 November_NR 1901_CD ,_, are_BER still_RB in_IN F11 179 existence_NN and_CC can_MD be_BE seen_VBN at_IN the_ATI Bodleian_JNP F11 179 ._. ^ (_( for_IN convenience_NN they_PP3AS can_MD F11 180 be_BE referred_VBN to_IN as_IN M1_ZZ and_CC J1_ZZ ._. )_) ^ during_IN F11 180 November_NR and_CC December_NR they_PP3AS also_RB F11 181 wrote_VBD two_CD more_QL detailed_JJ accounts_NNS (_( which_WDTR F11 181 will_MD be_BE referred_VBN to_IN as_IN M2_ZZ and_CC F11 182 J2_ZZ )_) to_TO show_VB to_IN friends_NNS ._. ^ these_DTS longer_JJR F11 182 accounts_NNS were_BED the_ATI versions_NNS that_WPR F11 183 appeared_VBD in_IN their_PP$ book_NN published_VBN in_IN 1911_CD ._. ^ F11 183 the_ATI original_JJ documents_NNS of_IN F11 184 M2_ZZ and_CC J2_ZZ are_BER no_RB longer_RBR in_IN existence_NN ,_, F11 184 having_HVG been_BEN lost_VBN or_CC destroyed_VBN F11 185 after_IN being_BEG copied_VBN into_IN a_AT manuscript_NN book_NN in_IN F11 185 1906_CD ._. F11 186 ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ important_JJ to_TO note_VB here_RN that_CS in_IN F11 186 the_ATI autumn_NN of_IN 1901_CD ,_, before_CS F11 187 either_DTX had_HVD written_VBN down_RP a_AT single_JJ word_NN ,_, F11 187 Miss_NPT Moberly_NP had_HVD told_VBN friends_NNS F11 188 about_IN their_PP$ *'_*' ghost_NN story_NN ._. **'_**' F12 2 ^ what_WDT did_DOD you_PP2 dream_VB last_AP night_NN ?_? F12 3 ^ a_AT saucer_NN of_IN wedding_NN rings_NNS is_BEZ placed_VBN before_IN F12 3 her_PP3O ._. F12 4 ^ twice_RB in_IN succession_NN I_PP1A dreamed_VBD of_IN a_AT F12 4 wedding_NN ,_, one_CD1 of_IN which_WDTR was_BEDZ F12 5 most_QL distinct_JJ and_CC realistic_JJ ._. ^ in_IN my_PP$ dream_NN ,_, F12 5 I_PP1A was_BEDZ married_VBN in_IN a_AT small_JJ F12 6 room_NN like_IN a_AT registry_NN office_NN ,_, and_CC a_AT ring_NN F12 6 was_BEDZ taken_VBN from_IN several_AP in_IN a_AT F12 7 saucer_NN and_CC placed_VBN on_IN the_ATI table_NN ._. ^ then_RN my_PP$ F12 7 boy_NN friend_NN came_VBD in_RP with_IN an_AT F12 8 open-necked_JJ shirt_NN on_RP and_CC hands_NNS in_IN his_PP$ F12 8 pockets_NNS ._. ^ he_PP3A walked_VBD over_RP to_IN me_PP1O F12 9 and_CC wanted_VBD to_TO know_VB what_WDT I_PP1A was_BEDZ waiting_VBG F12 9 for_IN ._. ^ I_PP1A picked_VBD up_RP the_ATI ring_NN ,_, F12 10 placed_VBD it_PP3 on_IN my_PP$ finger_NN and_CC said_VBD :_: ^ *'_*' F12 10 people_NNS will_MD wonder_VB why_WRB I_PP1A have_HV n't_XNOT F12 11 got_VBN an_AT engagement_NN ring_NN ._. **'_**' ^ with_IN that_DT F12 11 we_PP1AS walked_VBD out_RP together_RB ._. *-_*- ^ Miss_NPT F12 12 \0C_NP \0M_NP ,_, Derby_NP ._. F12 13 ^ explanation_NN *-_*- ^ you_PP2 are_BER dissatisfied_JJ with_IN F12 13 your_PP$ present_JJ F12 14 relationship_NN with_IN your_PP$ boy_NN friend_NN ._. ^ you_PP2 are_BER F12 14 anxious_JJ to_TO get_VB married_VBN to_IN F12 15 him_PP3O ._. ^ picking_VBG at_RB random_RB" a_AT ring_NN offered_VBN F12 15 to_IN you_PP2 out_RP of_IN a_AT saucer_NN F12 16 indicates_VBZ you_PP2 are_BER in_IN too_QL much_AP of_IN a_AT hurry_NN F12 16 to_TO be_BE married_VBN ._. ^ your_PP$ boy_NN F12 17 friend_NN appears_VBZ so_QL unsuitably_RB dressed_VBN because_CS F12 17 you_PP2 are_BER not_XNOT sure_JJ whether_CS F12 18 he_PP3A is_BEZ the_ATI right_JJ man_NN for_IN you_PP2 ._. ^ your_PP$ F12 18 remark_NN indicates_VBZ you_PP2 are_BER uneasy_JJ F12 19 about_IN the_ATI way_NN things_NNS are_BER at_IN present_NN ,_, but_CC F12 19 walking_VBG out_RP with_IN him_PP3O shows_VBZ F12 20 you_PP2 are_BER prepared_VBN to_TO put_VB up_RP with_IN a_AT lot_NN F12 20 of_IN trouble_NN just_RB to_TO be_BE in_IN his_PP$ F12 21 company_NN ._. F12 22 ^ advice_NN *-_*- ^ you_PP2 must_MD discuss_VB the_ATI whole_JJ F12 22 situation_NN with_IN your_PP$ boy_NN F12 23 friend_NN ._. ^ if_CS he_PP3A does_DOZ not_XNOT intend_VB to_TO F12 23 marry_VB you_PP2 ,_, then_RN a_AT clean_JJ break_NN would_MD F12 24 be_BE best_JJT ._. F12 25 ^ her_PP$ door_NN is_BEZ battered_VBN open_JJ *-_*- and_CC in_RP F12 25 walk_VB two_CD bulls_NNS ._. F12 26 ^ in_IN my_PP$ dream_NN ,_, two_CD bulls_NNS batter_VB upon_IN F12 26 my_PP$ door_NN and_CC I_PP1A have_HV to_TO open_VB F12 27 it_PP3 and_CC divide_VB my_PP$ only_AP loaf_NN of_IN bread_NN F12 27 equally_RB between_IN them_PP3OS ._. ^ if_CS one_CD1 gets_VBZ F12 28 a_AT larger_JJR piece_NN than_IN his_PP$ companion_NN ,_, he_PP3A F12 28 becomes_VBZ angry_JJ ._. ^ then_RN they_PP3AS drink_VB F12 29 from_IN a_AT horse-trough_NN and_CC go_VB peacefully_RB away_RP ,_, F12 29 but_CC I_PP1A know_VB they_PP3AS will_MD F12 30 always_RB return_VB ._. ^ my_PP$ main_JJB thought_NN is_BEZ that_CS F12 30 I_PP1A must_MD be_BE nice_JJ to_IN them_PP3OS ,_, and_CC F12 31 not_XNOT show_VB any_DTI preference_NN either_DTX way_NN ._. *-_*- ^ F12 31 Miss_NPT \0C_NP \0T_NP ,_, Essex_NP ._. F12 32 ^ explanation_NN *-_*- ^ the_ATI two_CD bulls_NNS in_IN your_PP$ F12 32 dream_NN are_BER men_NNS who_WPR seek_VB F12 33 your_PP$ friendship_NN ._. ^ there_EX are_BER probably_RB two_CD F12 33 men_NNS in_IN your_PP$ life_NN ,_, and_CC you_PP2 F12 34 can_MD n't_XNOT make_VB up_RP your_PP$ mind_NN which_WDT one_CD1 F12 34 you_PP2 would_MD rather_RB have_HV ._. F12 35 ^ advice_NN *-_*- ^ you_PP2 tend_VB to_TO be_BE slightly_RB F12 35 immature_JJ in_IN your_PP$ outlook_NN on_IN F12 36 life_NN ._. ^ try_VB to_TO be_BE more_QL sincere_JJ and_CC serious_JJ F12 36 ._. F12 37 ^ she_PP3A can_MD n't_XNOT escape_VB that_DT voice_NN ._. F12 38 ^ I_PP1A dreamed_VBD I_PP1A could_MD hear_VB the_ATI voice_NN of_IN F12 38 nagging_JJ authority_NN ,_, which_WDTR F12 39 blamed_VBD me_PP1O for_IN dressing_VBG a_AT two-year-old_JJB boy_NN F12 39 on_IN a_AT very_QL hot_JJ day_NN in_IN heavy_JJ F12 40 clothing_NN instead_RB of_IN tussore_NN silk_NN ._. ^ the_ATI voice_NN F12 40 kept_VBD on_RP urging_VBG and_CC F12 41 nagging_VBG me_PP1O to_TO find_VB the_ATI lighter_JJR dress_NN ._. ^ F12 41 I_PP1A am_BEM unmarried_JJ and_CC in_IN my_PP$ F12 42 sixties_CDS ._. *-_*- ^ Miss_NPT \0M_NP \0M_NP ,_, Bath_NP ._. F12 43 ^ explanation_NN *-_*- ^ the_ATI *'_*' voice_NN of_IN nagging_JJ F12 43 authority_NN **'_**' quite_RB F12 44 likely_RB belongs_VBZ to_IN your_PP$ mother_NN ._. ^ she_PP3A F12 44 abuses_VBZ you_PP2 for_IN being_BEG unable_JJ to_TO F12 45 handle_VB a_AT baby_NN and_CC therefore_RB ,_, in_IN her_PP$ opinion_NN F12 45 ,_, you_PP2 are_BER unfit_JJ to_TO marry_VB ._. F12 46 ^ advice_NN *-_*- ^ concentrate_VB on_IN the_ATI present_NN ._. ^ F12 46 try_VB to_TO forget_VB about_IN your_PP$ F12 47 mother's_NN$ former_AP domineering_JJ attitude_NN towards_IN you_PP2 F12 47 ._. F12 48 ^ a_AT belt_NN filled_VBN with_IN diamonds_NNS ._. F12 49 ^ I_PP1A dreamed_VBD I_PP1A was_BEDZ in_IN a_AT crowded_JJ room_NN F12 49 ._. ^ in_IN our_PP$ midst_NN was_BEDZ a_AT woman_NN F12 50 who_WPR has_HVZ a_AT reputation_NN for_IN going_VBG after_IN men_NNS F12 50 ._. ^ my_PP$ husband_NN walked_VBD in_RP F12 51 carrying_VBG a_AT doll_NN made_VBN of_IN fur_NN fabric_NN ,_, with_IN F12 51 a_AT price_NN tag_NN of_IN thirty-five_CD F12 52 and_CC six_CD attached_VBN to_IN it_PP3 ._. ^ he_PP3A threw_VBD the_ATI F12 52 doll_NN into_IN the_ATI lap_NN of_IN the_ATI woman_NN ,_, F12 53 saying_VBG that_CS the_ATI gift_NN would_MD please_VB her_PP3O ._. ^ F12 53 I_PP1A was_BEDZ furious_JJ ._. F12 54 ^ he_PP3A tried_VBD to_TO calm_VB me_PP1O ,_, handing_VBG over_RP F12 54 a_AT pink_JJ felt_NN belt_NN ,_, with_IN a_AT pin_NN F12 55 stuck_VBN in_IN it_PP3 ._. ^ I_PP1A threw_VBD it_PP3 back_RP ._. F12 56 ^ *'_*' do_DO n't_XNOT be_BE angry_JJ ,_, **'_**' he_PP3A said_VBD F12 56 ._. ^ *'_*' your_PP$ present_NN is_BEZ more_QL valuable_JJ F12 57 than_IN hers_PP$$ ._. ^ open_VB it_PP3 up_RP ._. ^ it_PP3 's_BEZ F12 57 full_JJ of_IN diamonds_NNS !_! **'_**' F12 58 ^ I_PP1A picked_VBD up_RP the_ATI belt_NN ,_, which_WDTR fell_VBD F12 58 to_IN the_ATI floor_NN ,_, but_CC hesitated_VBD to_TO F12 59 open_VB it_PP3 ._. ^ before_CS I_PP1A came_VBD to_IN any_DTI F12 59 decision_NN ,_, I_PP1A woke_VBD up_RP ._. F12 60 ^ I_PP1A have_HV been_BEN happily_RB married_VBN for_IN F12 60 twenty-one_CD years_NNS and_CC love_VB my_PP$ F12 61 husband_NN very_QL much_RB ._. *-_*- ^ \0Mrs_NPT \0B_NP \0G_NP \0H_NP F12 61 ,_, Jersey_NP ._. F12 62 ^ explanation_NN *-_*- ^ no_ATI matter_NN how_WRB happily_RB you_PP2 F12 62 are_BER married_VBN and_CC how_WRB much_RB F12 63 you_PP2 trust_VB your_PP$ husband_NN ,_, suspicion_NN ,_, tinged_VBN F12 63 with_IN jealousy_NN ,_, will_MD occur_VB ,_, F12 64 especially_RB if_CS you_PP2 love_VB him_PP3O very_QL much_RB ._. ^ F12 64 your_PP$ dream_NN was_BEDZ caused_VBN by_IN the_ATI F12 65 thought_NN that_CS another_DT woman_NN might_MD be_BE able_JJ to_TO F12 65 please_VB your_PP$ husband_NN more_RBR F12 66 than_CS you_PP2 could_MD ._. ^ he_PP3A walks_VBZ into_IN the_ATI F12 66 room_NN and_CC gives_VBZ her_PP3O the_ATI doll_NN and_CC you_PP2 F12 67 the_ATI belt_NN ._. F12 68 ^ on_IN the_ATI surface_NN the_ATI doll_NN looks_VBZ the_ATI more_QL F12 68 valuable_JJ item_NN ,_, but_CC your_PP$ F12 69 husband_NN tells_VBZ you_PP2 the_ATI belt_NN is_BEZ full_JJ of_IN F12 69 diamonds_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI trouble_NN is_BEZ you_PP2 F12 70 hesitate_VB to_TO open_VB it_PP3 ,_, fearing_VBG that_CS ,_, after_IN F12 70 all_ABN ,_, the_ATI diamonds_NNS may_MD not_XNOT be_BE F12 71 there_RN ._. F12 72 ^ advice_NN *-_*- ^ despite_IN your_PP$ happy_JJ marriage_NN ,_, F12 72 you_PP2 appear_VB to_TO have_HV a_AT F12 73 shred_NN of_IN distrust_NN toward_IN your_PP$ husband_NN ._. ^ F12 73 search_VB your_PP$ memory_NN ,_, find_VB the_ATI F12 74 reason_NN for_IN it_PP3 ,_, tell_VB your_PP$ husband_NN about_IN it_PP3 F12 74 and_CC this_DT slight_JJ shadow_NN of_IN F12 75 suspicion_NN will_MD cease_VB to_TO trouble_VB you_PP2 ._. F12 76 ^ strange_JJ encounter_NN with_IN a_AT talking_JJ snake_NN ._. F12 77 ^ I_PP1A am_BEM shortly_RB to_TO be_BE married_VBN and_CC we_PP1AS F12 77 are_BER going_VBG to_TO live_VB in_IN a_AT small_JJ F12 78 house_NN in_IN the_ATI country_NN ._. ^ outside_IN the_ATI house_NN F12 78 there_EX is_BEZ a_AT water-hole_NN ._. F12 79 ^ I_PP1A dreamed_VBD my_PP$ aunt_NN and_CC uncle_NN came_VBD to_TO F12 79 visit_VB us_PP1OS ._. ^ as_CS I_PP1A was_BEDZ seeing_VBG F12 80 them_PP3OS to_IN their_PP$ car_NN a_AT great_JJ snake_NN rose_VBD F12 80 out_RP of_IN the_ATI hole_NN and_CC began_VBD to_TO F12 81 chase_VB us_PP1OS round_IN the_ATI field_NN ._. ^ it_PP3 caught_VBD F12 81 Uncle_NPT and_CC squashed_VBD him_PP3O to_IN death_NN ._. F12 82 ^ next_RB ,_, it_PP3 caught_VBD hold_NN of_IN my_PP$ aunt_NN ,_, but_CC F12 82 I_PP1A cried_VBD out_RP ,_, ^ *'_*' please_UH ,_, snake_NN ,_, F12 83 do_DO n't_XNOT kill_VB her_PP3O ._. ^ she_PP3A is_BEZ a_AT good_JJ F12 83 woman_NN ._. ^ take_VB me_PP1O instead_RB ._. **'_**' ^ *'_*' all_RB F12 84 right_RB" ,_, **'_**' the_ATI snake_NN replied_VBD ._. ^ *'_*' I_PP1A F12 84 only_RB kill_VB wicked_JJ people_NNS ._. ^ I_PP1A will_MD F12 85 guard_VB your_PP$ house_NN for_IN you_PP2 on_IN condition_NN that_CS F12 85 you_PP2 bake_VB me_PP1O an_AT apple_NN pie_NN F12 86 every_AT day_NN ._. **'_**' F12 87 ^ this_DT I_PP1A did_DOD and_CC the_ATI snake_NN and_CC I_PP1A F12 87 became_VBD friendly_JJ ,_, but_CC a_AT week_NN later_RBR F12 88 he_PP3A said_VBD :_: ^ *'_*' the_ATI weather_NN 's_BEZ getting_VBG F12 88 chilly_JJ now_RN ,_, so_CS I_PP1A 'm_BEM going_VBG home_NR ._. **'_**' F12 89 ^ there_RN my_PP$ dream_NN ended_VBD ._. *-_*- ^ Miss_NPT \0R_NP ,_, F12 89 Bolton_NP ._. F12 90 ^ explanation_NN *-_*- ^ your_PP$ dream_NN concerns_VBZ your_PP$ F12 90 fiance_NN ._. ^ the_ATI snake_NN is_BEZ F12 91 a_AT symbol_NN of_IN his_PP$ manliness_NN ._. ^ he_PP3A wants_VBZ F12 91 no_ATI interference_NN with_IN the_ATI pleasure_NN F12 92 he_PP3A enjoys_VBZ in_IN your_PP$ company_NN ._. ^ the_ATI snake_NN F12 92 kills_VBZ your_PP$ uncle_NN ,_, because_CS he_PP3A is_BEZ F12 93 another_DT man_NN ,_, and_CC lets_VBZ your_PP$ aunt_NN go_VB ,_, F12 93 because_CS she_PP3A is_BEZ a_AT woman_NN ,_, and_CC so_RB F12 94 could_MD n't_XNOT become_VB a_AT rival_NN ._. ^ now_RN you_PP2 offer_VB F12 94 yourself_PPL to_IN the_ATI snake_NN to_TO save_VB F12 95 your_PP$ aunt_NN ,_, and_CC the_ATI snake_NN becomes_VBZ your_PP$ F12 95 guardian_NN (_( husband_NN )_) ._. F12 96 ^ advice_NN *-_*- ^ your_PP$ dream_NN clearly_RB expresses_VBZ F12 96 you_PP2 have_HV certain_JJ doubts_NNS F12 97 about_IN yourself_PPL or_CC your_PP$ fiance_NN ,_, and_CC are_BER F12 97 afraid_JJ that_CS with_IN him_PP3O you_PP2 will_MD F12 98 lead_VB a_AT rather_RB lonely_JJ life_NN ,_, and_CC in_IN the_ATI F12 98 end_NN he_PP3A will_MD get_VB tired_JJ of_IN you_PP2 and_CC F12 99 leave_VB you_PP2 ._. ^ discuss_VB the_ATI future_NN fully_RB with_IN F12 99 him_PP3O ,_, and_CC then_RN make_VB the_ATI final_JJ F12 100 decision_NN ._. F12 101 ^ she_PP3A opened_VBD door_NN after_IN door_NN ._. F12 102 ^ I_PP1A dreamed_VBD that_CS I_PP1A saw_VBD my_PP$ friend_NN F12 102 driving_VBG an_AT old_JJ car_NN ._. ^ she_PP3A and_CC the_ATI F12 103 three_CD boy_NN passengers_NNS were_BED all_ABN wearing_VBG crash_NN F12 103 helmets_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI car_NN swerved_VBD F12 104 on_RP to_IN the_ATI footpath_NN and_CC crashed_VBN through_IN the_ATI F12 104 window_NN of_IN a_AT shop_NN ._. ^ no_PN one_PN" F12 105 was_BEDZ hurt_VBN ._. ^ my_PP$ girl_NN friend_NN was_BEDZ taken_VBN F12 105 to_IN a_AT hotel_NN in_IN town_NN and_CC I_PP1A went_VBD to_TO F12 106 see_VB her_PP3O as_CS I_PP1A thought_VBD she_PP3A may_MD have_HV F12 106 been_BEN injured_VBN ._. ^ I_PP1A looked_VBD into_IN every_AT F12 107 room_NN in_IN the_ATI hotel_NN but_CC could_MD n't_XNOT find_VB F12 107 her_PP3O ._. *-_*- ^ Miss_NPT \0W_NP ,_, Kilmarnock_NP ._. F12 108 ^ explanation_NN *-_*- ^ you_PP2 envy_VB your_PP$ girl_NN friend_NN F12 108 who_WPR embarks_VBZ on_IN F12 109 adventures_NNS with_IN the_ATI necessary_JJ precautions_NNS *-_*- F12 109 the_ATI crash_NN helmets_NNS ._. ^ this_DT F12 110 explains_VBZ her_PP$ ability_NN to_TO get_VB out_RP of_IN events_NNS F12 110 in_IN which_WDTR other_AP girls_NNS might_MD F12 111 get_VB hurt_VBN ._. ^ you_PP2 go_VB to_IN the_ATI hotel_NN not_XNOT F12 111 to_TO offer_VB sympathy_NN but_CC to_TO ask_VB her_PP3O F12 112 how_WRB she_PP3A gets_VBZ out_RP of_IN her_PP$ predicaments_NNS ._. ^ F12 112 you_PP2 can_MD n't_XNOT find_VB her_PP3O and_CC this_DT F12 113 shows_VBZ that_CS you_PP2 do_DO not_XNOT fully_RB approve_VB of_IN F12 113 her_PP$ behaviour_NN ._. F12 114 ^ advice_NN *-_*- ^ do_DO not_XNOT try_VB to_TO model_VB F12 114 yourself_PPL on_IN your_PP$ girl_NN friend_NN ._. F12 115 ^ she_PP3A may_MD seem_VB to_TO be_BE enjoying_VBG herself_PPL ,_, F12 115 but_CC in_IN the_ATI long_JJ run_NN she_PP3A will_MD F12 116 regret_VB her_PP$ recklessness_NN ._. F12 117 ^ an_AT aeroplane_NN shoots_VBZ her_PP3O ._. F12 118 ^ I_PP1A have_HV had_HVN this_DT dream_NN twice_RB recently_RB ._. ^ F12 118 I_PP1A am_BEM in_IN a_AT grocer's_NN$ shop_NN F12 119 and_CC just_RB as_CS I_PP1A come_VB out_RP I_PP1A see_VB an_AT F12 119 aeroplane_NN hovering_NN in_IN the_ATI sky_NN ._. F12 120 ^ suddenly_RB it_PP3 starts_VBZ to_TO fire_VB at_IN me_PP1O and_CC F12 120 I_PP1A am_BEM wounded_VBN in_IN the_ATI left_JJ arm_NN ._. F12 121 ^ I_PP1A am_BEM eighteen_CD ._. ^ could_MD you_PP2 please_UH tell_VB F12 121 me_PP1O the_ATI meaning_NN of_IN this_DT ?_? *-_*- F12 122 ^ \0Mrs_NPT \0W_NP ,_, Scotland_NP ._. F12 123 ^ explanation_NN *-_*- ^ your_PP$ dream_NN indicates_VBZ a_AT F12 123 fear_NN that_CS someone_PN might_MD get_VB F12 124 you_PP2 involved_VBN in_IN some_DTI unexpected_JJ prank_NN in_IN F12 124 which_WDTR you_PP2 would_MD be_BE the_ATI F12 125 sufferer_NN ._. F12 126 ^ advice_NN *-_*- ^ if_CS there_EX 's_BEZ anyone_PN ,_, friend_NN F12 126 or_CC relative_NN ,_, who_WPR constantly_RB F12 127 teases_VBZ you_PP2 and_CC tries_VBZ to_TO make_VB you_PP2 inferior_JJ F12 127 ,_, trying_VBG to_TO give_VB you_PP2 the_ATI F12 128 impression_NN you_PP2 are_BER too_QL young_JJ to_TO be_BE married_VBN F12 128 ,_, stop_VB seeing_VBG that_DT person_NN ._. F12 129 ^ if_CS this_DT is_BEZ impossible_JJ where_WRB you_PP2 live_VB ,_, F12 129 change_VB your_PP$ abode_NN ._. ^ if_CS the_ATI F12 130 teaser_NN happens_VBZ to_TO be_BE your_PP$ husband_NN ,_, make_VB a_AT F12 130 solid_JJ stand_NN against_IN him_PP3O and_CC F12 131 hold_VB your_PP$ status_NN as_IN a_AT capable_JJ wife_NN ._. F12 132 ^ wants_VBZ her_PP$ husband_NN *-_*- but_CC can_MD n't_XNOT find_VB F12 132 him_PP3O ._. F12 133 ^ I_PP1A dreamed_VBD I_PP1A was_BEDZ going_VBG with_IN a_AT young_JJ F12 133 woman_NN to_TO see_VB the_ATI remains_NNS of_IN F12 134 her_PP$ old_JJ home_NR ,_, which_WDTR was_BEDZ now_RN a_AT tourist_NN F12 134 attraction_NN ._. ^ as_CS we_PP1AS turned_VBD down_IN a_AT F12 135 lane_NN ,_, I_PP1A knew_VBD we_PP1AS were_BED going_VBG the_ATI F12 135 wrong_JJ way_NN ._. F12 136 ^ two_CD queer_JJ looking_JJ animals_NNS were_BED chasing_VBG F12 136 each_PPLS other_PPLS" round_IN a_AT pool_NN ,_, F12 137 and_CC I_PP1A was_BEDZ afraid_JJ of_IN them_PP3OS ._. ^ I_PP1A felt_VBD F12 137 very_QL unhappy_JJ and_CC wanted_VBD to_TO see_VB my_PP$ F12 138 husband_NN ,_, but_CC I_PP1A could_MD n't_XNOT think_VB of_IN any_DTI F12 138 excuse_NN to_TO get_VB him_PP3O down_RP there_RN to_TO F12 139 see_VB me_PP1O ._. ^ I_PP1A knew_VBD that_CS the_ATI woman_NN ,_, F12 139 who_WPR turned_VBD into_IN my_PP$ sister-in-law_NN ,_, F12 140 would_MD n't_XNOT understand_VB how_WRB I_PP1A felt_VBD about_IN F12 140 everything_PN ._. ^ I_PP1A was_BEDZ desperate_JJ ,_, F12 141 because_CS I_PP1A knew_VBD I_PP1A would_MD have_HV to_TO stay_VB for_IN F12 141 a_AT holiday_NN ._. *-_*- ^ \0Mrs_NPT \0C_NP F12 142 \0T_NP ,_, Coventry_NP ._. F12 143 ^ explanation_NN *-_*- ^ the_ATI young_JJ woman_NN is_BEZ trying_VBG F12 143 to_TO lead_VB you_PP2 astray_RB ._. ^ you_PP2 F12 144 follow_VB her_PP3O despite_IN your_PP$ knowledge_NN you_PP2 are_BER F12 144 doing_VBG the_ATI wrong_JJ thing_NN ._. ^ the_ATI F12 145 queer_JJ animals_NNS frighten_VB you_PP2 and_CC you_PP2 blame_VB F12 145 your_PP$ sister-in-law_NN for_IN your_PP$ F12 146 troubles_NNS ._. ^ you_PP2 would_MD like_VB to_TO have_HV your_PP$ F12 146 husband_NN with_IN you_PP2 ,_, but_CC he_PP3A is_BEZ not_XNOT F12 147 coming_VBG ._. ^ therefore_RB ,_, you_PP2 'll_MD have_HV to_TO spend_VB F12 147 a_AT holiday_NN with_IN his_PP$ sister_NN ,_, F12 148 whom_WPOR you_PP2 apparently_RB dislike_VB ,_, or_CC may_MD even_RB F12 148 despise_VB ._. F12 149 ^ advice_NN *-_*- ^ you_PP2 are_BER frightened_JJ of_IN the_ATI F12 149 influence_NN your_PP$ F12 150 sister-in-law_NN has_HVZ over_IN you_PP2 ,_, and_CC also_RB object_VB F12 150 to_IN it_PP3 ._. ^ in_IN your_PP$ dream_NN ,_, you_PP2 F12 151 tried_VBD to_TO get_VB your_PP$ husband_NN to_TO help_VB you_PP2 in_IN F12 151 whatever_WDT problem_NN you_PP2 face_VB in_IN F12 152 connection_NN with_IN her_PP3O ._. ^ do_DO it_PP3 in_IN real_JJ life_NN F12 152 ,_, too_RB ._. ^ tell_VB him_PP3O how_WRB you_PP2 feel_VB F12 153 about_IN his_PP$ sister_NN ,_, and_CC if_CS there_EX is_BEZ a_AT F12 153 problem_NN ,_, try_VB to_TO solve_VB it_PP3 together_RB ._. F12 154 ^ *'_*' stop_VB that_DT girl_NN !_! **'_**' they_PP3AS shouted_VBD ._. F12 155 ^ I_PP1A dreamed_VBD I_PP1A was_BEDZ driving_VBG a_AT bus_NN F12 155 along_IN the_ATI main_JJB road_NN at_IN about_RB F12 156 eighty_CD miles_NNS an_AT hour_NN ._. ^ then_RN ,_, without_IN F12 156 warning_NN ,_, I_PP1A suddenly_RB turned_VBD down_IN a_AT F12 157 side_NN street_NN ,_, causing_VBG an_AT accident_NN with_IN another_DT F12 157 bus_NN coming_VBG up_RP behind_IN me_PP1O ._. F12 158 ^ when_WRB I_PP1A saw_VBD what_WDT had_HVD happened_VBN ,_, I_PP1A F12 158 jumped_VBD out_RP of_IN my_PP$ bus_NN and_CC ran_VBD for_IN my_PP$ F12 159 life_NN down_IN the_ATI street_NN ._. ^ I_PP1A could_MD hear_VB a_AT F12 159 crowd_NN of_IN people_NNS chasing_VBG after_IN me_PP1O F12 160 shouting_VBG :_: ^ *'_*' that_DT 's_BEZ her_PP3O !_! ^ stop_VB that_DT F12 160 girl_NN !_! ^ she_PP3A 's_HVZ just_RB caused_VBN an_AT F12 161 accident_NN !_! **'_**' *-_*- ^ Miss_NPT \0B_NP \0I_NP ,_, Bradford_NP F12 161 ._. F12 162 ^ explanation_NN *-_*- ^ driving_VBG a_AT vehicle_NN means_VBZ F12 162 you_PP2 have_HV an_AT intense_JJ F12 163 desire_NN to_TO command_VB your_PP$ own_AP life_NN ._. ^ driving_VBG F12 163 the_ATI bus_NN at_IN a_AT high_JJ speed_NN ,_, F12 164 causing_VBG an_AT accident_NN and_CC then_RN trying_VBG to_TO escape_VB F12 164 instead_RB of_IN facing_VBG the_ATI F12 165 consequences_NNS indicates_VBZ you_PP2 could_MD be_BE already_RB F12 165 involved_VBN in_IN an_AT adventure_NN F12 166 which_WDTR could_MD have_HV serious_JJ and_CC damaging_JJ F12 166 consequences_NNS *-_*- not_XNOT only_RB for_IN F12 167 yourself_PPL ,_, but_CC other_AP people_NNS as_RB well_RB" ._. F12 168 ^ advice_NN *-_*- ^ if_CS my_PP$ assumption_NN is_BEZ correct_JJ F12 168 and_CC you_PP2 are_BER trying_VBG to_TO F12 169 embark_VB on_IN some_DTI sort_NN of_IN an_AT adventure_NN *-_*- it_PP3 F12 169 might_MD be_BE a_AT love-affair_NN *-_*- take_VB F12 170 the_ATI dream's_NN$ warning_NN and_CC do_DO n't_XNOT ._. ^ if_CS F12 170 the_ATI dream_NN is_BEZ merely_RB an_AT expression_NN F12 171 of_IN your_PP$ state_NN of_IN mind_NN ,_, then_RN try_VB to_TO make_VB F12 171 peace_NN with_IN the_ATI world_NN ._. F12 172 ^ attractive_JJ stranger_NN gives_VBZ her_PP$ flowers_NNS ._. F12 173 ^ the_ATI man_NN I_PP1A dream_VB about_IN passes_VBZ my_PP$ home_NR F12 173 every_AT day_NN ,_, but_CC we_PP1AS have_HV F12 174 only_RB said_VBN ~ *'_*' good-morning_UH **'_**' to_IN each_PPLS F12 174 other_PPLS" ._. ^ I_PP1A have_HV two_CD of_IN a_AT family_NN ,_, F12 175 and_CC my_PP$ husband_NN is_BEZ inclined_VBN to_TO be_BE very_QL F12 175 jealous_JJ ._. F12 176 ^ I_PP1A dreamed_VBD my_PP$ husband_NN and_CC I_PP1A were_BED at_IN F12 176 the_ATI front_JJB door_NN as_CS this_DT man_NN F12 177 passed_VBD by_RP ._. ^ when_WRB he_PP3A saw_VBD us_PP1OS ,_, he_PP3A F12 177 went_VBD across_IN the_ATI road_NN and_CC picked_VBD some_DTI F12 178 flowers_NNS out_RP of_IN a_AT garden_NN ._. ^ he_PP3A gave_VBD my_PP$ F12 178 husband_NN some_DTI tall_JJ ,_, red_JJ flowers_NNS F12 179 and_CC me_PP1O a_AT posy_NN of_IN pansies_NNS ._. *-_*- ^ \0Mrs_NPT F12 179 \0C_NP \0H_NP Somerset_NP ._. F12 180 ^ explanation_NN *-_*- ^ you_PP2 are_BER trying_VBG to_TO make_VB F12 180 amends_NNS for_IN your_PP$ F12 181 husband's_NN$ jealousy_NN ._. ^ that_DT 's_BEZ why_WRB the_ATI F12 181 stranger_NN strikes_VBZ up_RP a_AT friendship_NN F12 182 with_IN you_PP2 and_CC your_PP$ husband_NN ,_, and_CC gives_VBZ F12 182 flowers_NNS to_IN both_ABX of_IN you_PP2 ._. F12 183 ^ advice_NN *-_*- ^ do_DO n't_XNOT let_VB your_PP$ husband's_NN$ F12 183 jealousy_NN get_VB you_PP2 down_RP ._. F12 184 ^ whenever_WRB he_PP3A has_HVZ an_AT attack_NN of_IN jealousy_NN ,_, F12 184 face_VB him_PP3O squarely_RB and_CC do_DO n't_XNOT F12 185 let_VB him_PP3O brow-beat_VB you_PP2 ._. F12 186 ^ visits_VBZ far-away_JJB places_NNS as_CS she_PP3A sleeps_VBZ ._. F12 187 ^ I_PP1A have_HV dreamed_VBN I_PP1A was_BEDZ in_IN Austria_NP ,_, F12 187 twice_RB in_IN Germany_NP and_CC once_RB in_IN F12 188 France_NP ._. F13 2 ^ the_ATI British_JNP witness_NN ._. F13 4 ^ *'_*' take_VB the_ATI book_NN in_IN your_PP$ right_JJ hand_NN F13 4 and_CC repeat_VB after_IN me_PP1O :_: ^ I_PP1A F13 5 swear_VB by_IN almighty_JJ God_NP that_CS the_ATI evidence_NN I_PP1A F13 5 shall_MD give_VB shall_MD be_BE the_ATI F13 6 truth_NN ,_, the_ATI whole_JJ truth_NN ,_, and_CC nothing_PN but_IN F13 6 the_ATI truth_NN ._. **'_**' F13 7 ^ you_PP2 lay_VB the_ATI testament_NN on_IN the_ATI ledge_NN of_IN F13 7 the_ATI witness-box_NN in_IN front_IN" of_IN" F13 8 you_PP2 ._. ^ the_ATI prosecuting_JJ advocate_NN rustles_VBZ through_RP F13 8 his_PP$ papers_NNS ._. ^ your_PP$ mouth_NN F13 9 feels_VBZ a_RB little_RB" dry_JJ ._. ^ why_WRB this_DT sudden_JJ F13 9 feeling_NN of_IN guilt_NN ?_? ^ you_PP2 have_HV done_VBN F13 10 nothing_PN wrong_JJ ._. ^ you_PP2 are_BER doing_VBG your_PP$ duty_NN F13 10 as_IN a_AT citizen_NN ._. F13 11 ^ and_CC what_WDT is_BEZ at_IN stake_NN ?_? ^ this_DT is_BEZ F13 11 n't_XNOT a_AT murder_NN trial_NN ._. ^ if_CS the_ATI F13 12 motorist_NN is_BEZ found_VBN guilty_JJ ,_, he_PP3A will_MD only_RB F13 12 suffer_VB a_AT fine_NN ._. ^ surely_RB no_PN one_PN" F13 13 can_MD question_VB your_PP$ honest_JJ recollection_NN ._. ^ or_CC F13 13 can_MD they_PP3AS ?_? F13 14 ^ to_IN the_ATI left_NN and_CC slightly_RB above_IN you_PP2 ,_, F13 14 the_ATI magistrate_NN watches_VBZ you_PP2 ,_, F13 15 reflectively_RB ._. ^ to_IN your_PP$ right_NN and_CC slightly_RB F13 15 below_IN you_PP2 ,_, the_ATI defending_JJ F13 16 advocate_NN is_BEZ watching_VBG you_PP2 with_IN a_AT marked_JJ F13 16 intensity_NN ._. ^ the_ATI prosecutor_NN F13 17 finds_VBZ the_ATI page_NN he_PP3A wants_VBZ and_CC clears_VBZ his_PP$ F13 17 throat_NN ._. ^ he_PP3A ,_, too_RB ,_, looks_VBZ at_IN you_PP2 ._. F13 18 ^ the_ATI same_AP question_NN is_BEZ in_IN the_ATI minds_NNS of_IN F13 18 all_ABN of_IN them_PP3OS ._. ^ what_WDT sort_NN of_IN F13 19 witness_NN are_BER you_PP2 going_VBG to_TO make_VB ?_? ^ they_PP3AS F13 19 all_ABN know_VB ,_, or_CC can_MD guess_VB ,_, roughly_RB F13 20 what_WDT you_PP2 are_BER going_VBG to_TO say_VB ._. ^ the_ATI F13 20 question_NN is_BEZ :_: how_WRB are_BER you_PP2 going_VBG to_TO say_VB F13 21 it_PP3 ?_? F13 22 ^ but_CC ,_, surely_RB ,_, you_PP2 have_HV only_RB to_TO tell_VB F13 22 the_ATI truth_NN ._. ^ you_PP2 have_HV sworn_VBN to_TO F13 23 tell_VB the_ATI truth_NN ._. ^ you_PP2 are_BER on_IN your_PP$ oath_NN F13 23 ._. F13 24 ^ let_VB us_PP1OS face_VB one_CD1 fact_NN which_WDTR every_AT F13 24 lawyer_NN knows_VBZ ,_, though_CS few_AP will_MD F13 25 admit_VB it_PP3 ._. ^ from_IN the_ATI point_NN of_IN view_NN of_IN F13 25 your_PP$ honesty_NN ,_, that_DT oath_NN is_BEZ almost_RB F13 26 irrelevant_JJ ._. ^ if_CS you_PP2 have_HV come_VBN to_IN court_NN to_TO F13 26 lie_VB ,_, you_PP2 are_BER going_VBG to_TO lie_VB F13 27 whether_CS or_CC not_XNOT you_PP2 have_HV sworn_VBN on_IN the_ATI F13 27 little_JJ black_JJ book_NN ._. F13 28 ^ but_CC the_ATI oath_NN has_HVZ one_CD1 very_QL useful_JJ F13 28 purpose_NN ._. ^ if_CS you_PP2 decide_VB to_TO lie_VB ,_, F13 29 and_CC you_PP2 are_BER caught_VBN out_RP ,_, the_ATI fact_NN that_CS F13 29 you_PP2 have_HV taken_VBN the_ATI oath_NN enables_VBZ F13 30 the_ATI police_NNS to_TO charge_VB you_PP2 with_IN perjury_NN ._. ^ F13 30 and_CC then_RN you_PP2 will_MD pay_VB dearly_RB F13 31 for_IN it_PP3 ._. F13 32 ^ false_JJ evidence_NN ._. F13 33 ^ this_DT is_BEZ unlikely_JJ ,_, especially_RB in_IN a_AT small_JJ F13 33 case_NN ._. ^ when_WRB two_CD honest_JJ F13 34 witnesses_NNS give_VB diametrically_RB opposite_JJ accounts_NNS of_IN F13 34 the_ATI same_AP event_NN ,_, how_WRB F13 35 can_MD anyone_PN prove_VB that_CS the_ATI evidence_NN you_PP2 gave_VBD F13 35 was_BEDZ deliberately_RB false_JJ ?_? F13 36 ^ the_ATI liar_NN is_BEZ the_ATI person_NN the_ATI advocate_NN F13 36 dreads_VBZ least_RBT ._. ^ he_PP3A is_BEZ the_ATI F13 37 easiest_JJT to_TO spot_VB ,_, the_ATI easiest_JJT to_TO trap_VB ._. F13 38 ^ one_CD1 little_JJ slip_NN ,_, and_CC you_PP2 will_MD have_HV to_TO F13 38 start_VB inventing_VBG lies_NNS on_IN F13 39 your_PP$ feet_NNS ,_, to_TO cover_VB up_RP that_DT slip_NN ._. ^ and_CC F13 39 that_DT will_MD involve_VB you_PP2 in_IN F13 40 another_DT lie_NN *-_*- and_CC another_DT *-_*- and_CC another_DT ._. F13 41 ^ if_CS the_ATI advocate_NN knows_VBZ his_PP$ job_NN ,_, you_PP2 F13 41 will_MD suddenly_RB wake_VB up_RP to_TO find_VB F13 42 the_ATI fifth_OD or_CC sixth_OD lie_NN directly_RB contradicts_VBZ F13 42 the_ATI first_OD or_CC second_OD ._. ^ and_CC F13 43 then_RN you_PP2 've_HV had_HVN it_PP3 ._. F13 44 ^ there_EX are_BER few_AP instances_NNS of_IN deliberate_JJ F13 44 perjury_NN *-_*- at_RB least_RB" in_IN minor_JJ F13 45 cases_NNS ._. ^ looking_VBG back_RP over_IN more_AP than_IN two_CD F13 45 thousand_CD cases_NNS ,_, I_PP1A do_DO n't_XNOT think_VB F13 46 I_PP1A ever_RB came_VBD across_IN more_AP than_IN a_AT dozen_CD F13 46 liars_NNS *-_*- real_JJ liars_NNS ,_, who_WPR gave_VBD a_AT F13 47 deliberately_RB false_JJ account_NN of_IN certain_JJ facts_NNS ._. F13 48 ^ but_CC among_IN the_ATI thousands_CDS I_PP1A have_HV F13 48 cross-examined_VBN ,_, I_PP1A have_HV heard_VBN many_AP F13 49 patently_RB wrong_JJ accounts_NNS of_IN incidents_NNS given_VBN in_IN F13 49 all_ABN honesty_NN ._. ^ and_CC in_IN F13 50 only_RB a_AP few_AP" instances_NNS have_HV I_PP1A been_BEN able_JJ F13 50 to_TO convince_VB the_ATI witness_NN in_IN the_ATI F13 51 box_NN that_CS his_PP$ recollection_NN must_MD have_HV been_BEN F13 51 mistaken_VBN ._. F13 52 ^ the_ATI British_JNP witness_NN is_BEZ ,_, with_IN few_AP F13 52 exceptions_NNS ,_, basically_RB honest_JJ ._. F13 53 ^ and_CC yet_RB in_IN almost_RB every_AT case_NN witnesses_NNS F13 53 conflict_VB completely_RB ._. F13 54 ^ how_WRB can_MD this_DT be_BE ?_? ^ simply_RB because_CS F13 54 everyone_PN sees_VBZ an_AT incident_NN from_IN F13 55 his_PP$ own_AP point_NN of_IN view_NN ._. ^ his_PP$ true_JJ F13 55 recollection_NN of_IN any_DTI set_NN of_IN facts_NNS will_MD F13 56 really_RB consist_VB of_IN a_AT series_NN of_IN isolated_JJ flashes_NNS F13 56 of_IN sight_NN or_CC sound_NN ._. ^ his_PP$ F13 57 imagination_NN will_MD then_RN set_VB to_IN work_NN to_TO connect_VB F13 57 up_RP those_DTS flashes_NNS ._. F13 58 ^ this_DT process_NN is_BEZ inevitable_JJ ._. ^ the_ATI human_JJ F13 58 mind_NN simply_RB will_MD not_XNOT F13 59 tolerate_VB a_AT series_NN of_IN unconnected_JJ incidents_NNS ._. ^ F13 59 it_PP3 will_MD arrange_VB them_PP3OS to_TO F13 60 fit_VB in_RP with_IN a_AT person's_NN$ experience_NN ,_, his_PP$ F13 60 ideas_NNS ,_, his_PP$ prejudices_NNS ._. F13 61 ^ when_WRB his_PP$ mind_NN has_HVZ done_VBN this_DT work_NN ,_, F13 61 all_ABN in_IN an_AT instant_NN of_IN time_NN ,_, the_ATI F13 62 result_NN will_MD be_BE that_DT person's_NN$ absolutely_RB honest_JJ F13 62 recollection_NN of_IN the_ATI F13 63 incident_NN ._. F13 64 ^ and_CC it_PP3 may_MD be_BE totally_RB different_JJ from_IN F13 64 what_WDT actually_RB happened_VBD ._. F13 65 ^ considering_IN this_DT ,_, it_PP3 is_BEZ sometimes_RB F13 65 terrifying_JJ to_TO realize_VB the_ATI F13 66 importance_NN attached_VBN to_IN the_ATI British_JNP witness_NN ._. ^ F13 66 the_ATI fallibility_NN of_IN the_ATI F13 67 honest_JJ recollection_NN is_BEZ fearful_JJ !_! ^ give_VB me_PP1O F13 67 skidmarks_NNS ,_, fingerprints_NNS ,_, F13 68 circumstantial_JJ evidence_NN ,_, every_AT time_NN !_! F13 69 ^ these_DTS things_NNS are_BER all_ABN capable_JJ of_IN F13 69 explanation_NN ,_, of_IN interpretation_NN ,_, F13 70 but_CC they_PP3AS can_MD not_XNOT give_VB the_ATI same_AP kind_NN of_IN F13 70 totally_RB false_JJ picture_NN that_WPR can_MD F13 71 be_BE given_VBN in_IN absolute_JJ honesty_NN by_IN a_AT sincere_JJ F13 71 and_CC truthful_JJ witness_NN ._. F13 72 ^ put_VBN to_IN the_ATI test_NN ._. F13 73 ^ the_ATI responsibility_NN of_IN the_ATI advocate_NN in_IN court_NN F13 73 rests_VBZ upon_IN the_ATI F13 74 importance_NN of_IN every_AT witness's_NN$ honest_JJ recollection_NN F13 74 being_BEG fully_RB tested_VBN ._. F13 75 ^ when_WRB a_AT man_NN comes_VBZ before_IN a_AT court_NN charged_VBN F13 75 with_IN ,_, say_VB ,_, driving_VBG F13 76 dangerously_RB ,_, what_WDT it_PP3 really_RB means_VBZ is_BEZ that_CS F13 76 *'_*' in_IN the_ATI opinion_NN of_IN a_AT number_NN F13 77 of_IN witnesses_NNS ,_, whom_WPOR you_PP2 will_MD see_VB and_CC hear_VB F13 77 ,_, he_PP3A was_BEDZ driving_VBG F13 78 dangerously_RB ._. **'_**' F13 79 ^ and_CC all_ABN those_DTS who_WPR are_BER called_VBN by_IN the_ATI F13 79 prosecution_NN are_BER already_RB F13 80 committed_VBN to_IN the_ATI opinion_NN that_CS he_PP3A was_BEDZ ,_, F13 80 while_CS those_DTS called_VBN by_IN the_ATI F13 81 defence_NN are_BER already_RB committed_VBN to_IN the_ATI opposite_JJ F13 81 opinion_NN ._. F13 82 ^ if_CS a_AT witness_NN can_MD be_BE persuaded_VBN by_IN an_AT F13 82 advocate_NN in_IN cross-examination_NN F13 83 that_CS his_PP$ honest_JJ ,_, preconceived_JJ opinion_NN must_MD F13 83 have_HV been_BEN wrong_JJ ,_, then_RN that_DT F13 84 witness's_NN$ side_NN of_IN the_ATI case_NN suffers_VBZ a_AT major_JJ F13 84 blow_NN ._. F13 85 ^ that_DT is_BEZ why_WRB the_ATI defending_JJ advocate_NN is_BEZ F13 85 watching_VBG you_PP2 at_IN this_DT moment_NN F13 86 with_IN such_ABL intensity_NN ._. ^ he_PP3A is_BEZ trying_VBG to_TO F13 86 read_VB your_PP$ mind_NN ,_, to_TO understand_VB F13 87 your_PP$ prejudices_NNS ,_, to_TO assess_VB your_PP$ qualities_NNS F13 87 of_IN reason_NN and_CC of_IN F13 88 reasonableness_NN ._. F13 89 ^ the_ATI first_OD part_NN of_IN your_PP$ appearance_NN in_IN F13 89 the_ATI box_NN is_BEZ simple_JJ ._. ^ the_ATI F13 90 prosecuting_JJ advocate_NN is_BEZ on_IN your_PP$ side_NN ._. ^ he_PP3A F13 90 has_HVZ your_PP$ statement_NN before_IN F13 91 him_PP3O ._. ^ he_PP3A knows_VBZ what_WDT you_PP2 are_BER going_VBG F13 91 to_TO say_VB ._. ^ he_PP3A only_RB has_HVZ to_TO make_VB sure_JJ F13 92 you_PP2 say_VB it_PP3 all_ABN ._. F13 93 ^ steel_VB yourself_PPL ._. F13 94 ^ at_IN the_ATI same_AP time_NN his_PP$ object_NN ,_, if_CS he_PP3A F13 94 is_BEZ worth_IN his_PP$ salt_NN ,_, is_BEZ to_TO put_VB F13 95 you_PP2 at_IN your_PP$ ease_NN in_IN the_ATI box_NN ._. F13 96 ^ then_RN the_ATI prosecutor_NN sits_VBZ down_RP and_CC the_ATI F13 96 defence_NN advocate_NN rises_VBZ to_TO F13 97 cross-examine_VB you_PP2 ._. ^ this_DT is_BEZ your_PP$ moment_NN of_IN F13 97 truth_NN ._. ^ you_PP2 steel_VB yourself_PPL ,_, F13 98 mentally_RB ._. ^ you_PP2 are_BER ready_JJ to_TO anticipate_VB every_AT F13 98 question_NN as_IN an_AT attack_NN on_IN F13 99 your_PP$ honesty_NN ._. F13 100 ^ but_CC it_PP3 is_BEZ not_XNOT ._. ^ all_ABN that_WPR is_BEZ F13 100 likely_JJ to_TO be_BE questioned_VBN is_BEZ your_PP$ F13 101 accuracy_NN ._. ^ the_ATI opening_JJ questions_NNS will_MD very_QL F13 101 probably_RB be_BE polite_JJ ,_, F13 102 respectful_JJ ,_, soothing_JJ ._. ^ the_ATI advocate_NN wants_VBZ F13 102 your_PP$ co-operation_NN ._. ^ time_NN F13 103 enough_DTI for_IN him_PP3O to_TO attack_VB ,_, if_CS he_PP3A fails_VBZ F13 103 in_IN this_DT ._. F13 104 ^ he_PP3A wants_VBZ you_PP2 to_TO relax_VB ,_, to_TO rethink_VB F13 104 the_ATI incident_NN with_IN him_PP3O ,_, calmly_RB ,_, F13 105 logically_RB *-_*- and_CC from_IN his_PP$ client's_NN$ standpoint_NN F13 105 ._. F13 106 ^ he_PP3A will_MD already_RB have_HV decided_VBN the_ATI point_NN F13 106 upon_IN which_WDTR he_PP3A thinks_VBZ you_PP2 F13 107 are_BER most_QL easily_RB open_JJ to_IN persuasion_NN ._. F13 108 ^ he_PP3A is_BEZ not_XNOT seeking_VBG information_NN *-_*- that_DT F13 108 is_BEZ the_ATI last_AP thing_NN he_PP3A wants_VBZ ._. F13 109 ^ he_PP3A will_MD never_RB ask_VB you_PP2 a_AT single_JJ question_NN F13 109 to_IN which_WDTR he_PP3A is_BEZ not_XNOT pretty_RB F13 110 sure_JJ in_IN advance_NN of_IN your_PP$ answer_NN ._. F13 111 ^ I_PP1A recall_VB a_AT matrimonial_JJ case_NN of_IN some_DTI ten_CD F13 111 years_NNS ago_RB when_WRB I_PP1A did_DOD not_XNOT F13 112 follow_VB this_DT principle_NN ._. F13 113 ^ I_PP1A was_BEDZ appearing_VBG for_IN the_ATI husband_NN ,_, an_AT F13 113 unhappy-looking_JJ wretch_NN ,_, F13 114 battered_VBN and_CC bruised_VBN after_IN the_ATI physical_JJ attack_NN F13 114 which_WDTR had_HVD come_VBN as_IN the_ATI F13 115 climax_NN of_IN years_NNS of_IN bullying_JJ treatment_NN from_IN F13 115 the_ATI huge_JJ ,_, muscular_JJ female_NN F13 116 who_WPR now_RN glared_VBD at_IN me_PP1O from_IN the_ATI witness-box_NN F13 116 ._. F13 117 ^ the_ATI visual_JJ contrast_NN was_BEDZ too_QL much_AP for_IN F13 117 me_PP1O ._. F13 118 ^ *'_*' Madam_NPT ,_, **'_**' I_PP1A said_VBD ,_, pointing_VBG F13 118 out_RP my_PP$ cringing_JJ client_NN ,_, *'_*' are_BER you_PP2 F13 119 telling_VBG the_ATI court_NN that_CS this_DT poor_JJ little_JJ F13 119 physical_JJ wreck_NN attacked_VBD you_PP2 in_IN F13 120 the_ATI way_NN you_PP2 have_HV described_VBN ?_? **'_**' F13 121 ^ she_PP3A snorted_VBD ._. ^ *'_*' he_PP3A was_BEDZ n't_XNOT a_AT F13 121 physical_JJ wreck_NN until_CS after_CS he_PP3A F13 122 attacked_VBD me_PP1O in_IN the_ATI way_NN I_PP1A have_HV described_VBN F13 122 ,_, **'_**' she_PP3A said_VBD ._. F13 123 ^ and_CC my_PP$ case_NN never_RB recovered_VBD ._. F13 124 ^ it_PP3 's_BEZ Lawrence_NP ,_, \0Q.C_NPT *-_*- this_DT time_NN for_IN F13 124 the_ATI prosecution_NN ._. F13 125 ^ by_IN Gordon_NP Thomas_NP ._. ^ what_WDT F13 126 makes_VBZ a_AT shy_JJ *-_*- even_RB colourless_JJ *-_*- little_JJ F13 126 man_NN a_AT great_JJ criminal_JJ F13 127 lawyer_NN ?_? F13 129 ^ the_ATI slightly_RB built_JJ Queen's_NPT$ counsel_NN rustles_VBZ F13 129 his_PP$ F13 130 newly-laundered_JJ gown_NN and_CC settles_VBZ his_PP$ bobbed_JJ wig_NN F13 130 more_QL firmly_RB on_IN his_PP$ F13 131 brow_NN ._. F13 132 ^ and_CC in_IN the_ATI hushed_JJ ,_, expectant_JJ courtroom_NN ,_, F13 132 everyone_PN leans_VBZ forward_RB to_TO F13 133 catch_VB and_CC savour_VB his_PP$ opening_JJ words_NNS ._. F13 134 ^ this_DT will_MD be_BE the_ATI scene_NN at_IN Lewes_NP assizes_NNS F13 134 as_CS Frederick_NP Geoffrey_NP F13 135 Lawrence_NP ,_, \0Q.C_NPT ,_, steps_VBZ forward_RB for_IN the_ATI F13 135 first_OD time_NN as_IN crown_NN counsel_NN F13 136 in_IN a_AT murder_NN case_NN ._. F13 137 ^ in_IN the_ATI dock_NN ,_, on_IN trial_NN for_IN their_PP$ F13 137 lives_NNS ,_, will_MD be_BE three_CD youths_NNS ,_, F13 138 accused_VBN of_IN shooting_VBG down_RP an_AT unarmed_JJ guard_NN in_IN F13 138 the_ATI Worthing_NP bank_NN raid_NN ._. F13 139 ^ for_IN a_AT minute_NN the_ATI gentle-looking_JJ barrister_NN F13 139 will_MD peer_VB owlishly_RB F13 140 around_IN him_PP3O ,_, taking_VBG in_RP the_ATI jury_NN ,_, the_ATI F13 140 defendants_NNS and_CC spectators_NNS ._. F13 141 ^ then_RN ,_, in_IN his_PP$ soft_JJ ,_, level_JJ voice_NN ,_, F13 141 he_PP3A will_MD reveal_VB once_RB more_RBR the_ATI F13 142 eloquent_JJ gift_NN that_WPR has_HVZ made_VBN him_PP3O one_CD1 of_IN F13 142 the_ATI ablest_JJT advocates_NNS in_IN British_JNP F13 143 legal_JJ history_NN ._. F13 144 ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ a_AT gift_NN that_WPR will_MD face_VB its_PP$ F13 144 sternest_JJT test_NN during_IN the_ATI Worthing_NP F13 145 shooting_NN case_NN ._. ^ for_CS Lawrence_NP is_BEZ returning_VBG to_IN F13 145 the_ATI criminal_JJ bar_NN after_IN an_AT F13 146 absence_NN of_IN two_CD years_NNS ._. F13 147 ^ since_IN 1958_CD ,_, his_PP$ position_NN as_IN vice-chairman_NN F13 147 of_IN the_ATI bar_NN council_NN and_CC F13 148 his_PP$ work_NN in_IN the_ATI high_JJ court_NN *-_*- and_CC F13 148 elsewhere_RB *-_*- have_HV kept_VBN him_PP3O busy_JJ ._. ^ but_CC F13 149 now_RN he_PP3A is_BEZ returning_VBG to_IN the_ATI most_QL dramatic_JJ F13 149 legal_JJ arena_NN of_IN all_ABN *-_*- the_ATI F13 150 murder_NN court_NN ._. F13 151 ^ controlled_JJ logic_NN ._. F13 152 ^ shy_JJ and_CC retiring_JJ ,_, Lawrence_NP is_BEZ often_RB F13 152 dismissed_VBN as_CS *'_*' not_XNOT really_RB F13 153 worth_IN his_PP$ reputation_NN ._. **'_**' ^ but_CC a_AT number_NN F13 153 of_IN unhappy_JJ people_NNS have_HV found_VBN F13 154 this_DT sneer_NN to_TO be_BE untrue_JJ *-_*- usually_RB they_PP3AS F13 154 are_BER driven_VBN off_RP to_IN prison_NN ._. F13 155 ^ not_XNOT so_QL long_RB ago_RB ,_, Lawrence's_NP$ name_NN meant_VBD F13 155 little_AP to_IN those_DTS who_WPR had_HVD n't_XNOT F13 156 seen_VBN it_PP3 beside_IN the_ATI entrance_NN to_IN his_PP$ F13 156 chambers_NNS in_IN the_ATI Temple_NPL ._. ^ then_RN one_CD1 F13 157 day_NN this_DT little_JJ man_NN *-_*- five_CD feet_NNS five_CD F13 157 inches_NNS of_IN controlled_JJ logic_NN *-_*- rose_VBD F13 158 to_IN his_PP$ feet_NNS to_TO defend_VB \0Dr_NPT John_NP Bodkin_NP F13 158 Adams_NP ,_, accused_VBN at_IN the_ATI Old_NP F13 159 Bailey_NP of_IN poisoning_VBG one_CD1 of_IN his_PP$ patients_NNS ._. F13 160 ^ it_PP3 was_BEDZ one_CD1 of_IN the_ATI most_QL sensational_JJ F13 160 murder_NN trials_NNS of_IN the_ATI century_NN ._. F13 161 ^ the_ATI defence_NN had_HVD picked_VBN Lawrence_NP ,_, a_AT *'_*' F13 161 nobody_PN **'_**' in_IN criminal_JJ F13 162 matters_NNS ,_, because_CS he_PP3A was_BEDZ a_AT barrister_NN with_IN F13 162 a_AT great_JJ knowledge_NN of_IN forensic_JJ F13 163 medicine_NN ._. F13 164 ^ for_IN forty_CD hours_NNS of_IN relentless_JJ questioning_NN ,_, F13 164 the_ATI gentle-voiced_JJ F13 165 advocate_NN picked_VBD expert_JJ holes_NNS in_IN the_ATI F13 165 prosecution's_NN$ case_NN ._. ^ finally_RB ,_, F13 166 after_IN a_AT trial_NN lasting_VBG seventeen_CD days_NNS ,_, he_PP3A F13 166 succeeded_VBD in_IN getting_VBG the_ATI F13 167 Eastbourne_NP doctor_NN acquitted_VBN ._. ^ for_IN Frederick_NP F13 167 Geoffrey_NP Lawrence_NP ,_, it_PP3 was_BEDZ F13 168 a_AT famous_JJ victory_NN ._. F13 169 ^ in_IN those_DTS seventeen_CD days_NNS he_PP3A had_HVD earned_VBN F13 169 himself_PPL more_AP fame_NN than_CS in_IN F13 170 twenty_CD years_NNS at_IN the_ATI bar_NN ._. F13 171 ^ Lawrence_NP learned_VBD his_PP$ craft_NN as_IN counsel_NN in_IN F13 171 divorce_NN and_CC F13 172 breach-of-promise_JJB cases_NNS ._. F13 173 ^ his_PP$ grasp_NN of_IN statistics_NN made_VBD him_PP3O a_AT *'_*' F13 173 natural_JJ **'_**' for_IN the_ATI arid_JJ work_NN F13 174 of_IN ministerial_JJ inquiries_NNS and_CC parliamentary_JJ F13 174 committees_NNS ._. ^ it_PP3 also_RB F13 175 brought_VBD him_PP3O in_RP about_RB *+10,000_NNU a_AT year_NN *-_*- F13 175 a_AT figure_NN trebled_VBN since_CS he_PP3A F13 176 *'_*' arrived_VBD ._. **'_**' F13 177 ^ Lawrence_NP almost_RB bloomed_VBD in_IN the_ATI dusty_JJ F13 177 atmosphere_NN of_IN the_ATI F13 178 law-courts_NNS ,_, avoiding_VBG histrionics_NNS ,_, surviving_VBG F13 178 with_IN a_AT stubborn_JJ ,_, F13 179 hard-working_JJ desire_NN to_TO get_VB at_IN the_ATI truth_NN ._. F13 180 ^ nothing_PN obvious_JJ ._. F13 181 ^ the_ATI Adams_NP case_NN was_BEDZ typical_JJ ._. ^ he_PP3A put_VBD F13 181 in_RP four_CD months_NNS of_IN solid_JJ F13 182 pre-trial_JJB work_NN *-_*- long_JJ hours_NNS of_IN study_NN ,_, F13 182 stretching_VBG into_IN the_ATI small_JJ hours_NNS ._. F13 183 ^ and_CC the_ATI same_AP kind_NN of_IN groundwork_NN has_HVZ gone_VBN F13 183 into_IN the_ATI Worthing_NP case_NN ._. F13 184 ^ but_CC expect_VB no_ATI obvious_JJ tricks_NNS from_IN Lawrence_NP F13 184 at_IN Lewes_NP assizes_NNS ._. F13 185 ^ he_PP3A does_DOZ n't_XNOT shout_VB or_CC thump_VB law_NN books_NNS F13 185 as_CS Marshall_NP Hall_NP did_DOD ._. ^ he_PP3A F13 186 does_DOZ n't_XNOT need_VB a_AT gold_NN pencil_NN ,_, like_IN Birkett_NP F13 186 ,_, to_TO mesmerize_VB a_AT witness_NN ._. ^ he_PP3A F13 187 lacks_VBZ the_ATI pungent_JJ Irish_JNP humour_NN of_IN Edward_NP F13 187 Carson_NP ._. F13 188 ^ instead_RB he_PP3A has_HVZ his_PP$ own_AP special_JJ tricks_NNS F13 188 ._. F13 189 ^ he_PP3A approaches_VBZ a_AT witness_NN with_IN his_PP$ eyes_NNS F13 189 blinking_VBG furiously_RB ._. ^ his_PP$ F13 190 modulated_JJ voice_NN puts_VBZ them_PP3OS at_IN ease_NN ._. ^ the_ATI F13 190 shy_JJ type_NN he_PP3A gently_RB prods_VBZ with_IN :_: F13 191 ^ *'_*' please_UH ,_, I_PP1A am_BEM only_RB trying_VBG to_TO get_VB F13 191 at_IN the_ATI truth_NN ._. ^ try_VB and_CC help_VB ._. **'_**' F13 192 ^ the_ATI reluctant_JJ he_PP3A *'_*' persuades_VBZ **'_**' with_IN F13 192 logic_NN ._. ^ and_CC the_ATI arrogant_JJ ,_, F13 193 the_ATI liars_NNS ,_, the_ATI *'_*' go-to-hell_JJB **'_**' brigade_NN F13 193 ,_, soon_RB find_VB themselves_PPLS in_IN an_AT F13 194 uncomfortable_JJ hell_NN of_IN their_PP$ own_AP making_NN ._. F13 195 ^ all_ABN eyes_NNS will_MD watch_VB him_PP3O as_CS he_PP3A opens_VBZ F13 195 the_ATI prosecution_NN in_IN the_ATI F13 196 Worthing_NP case_NN ._. ^ already_RB his_PP$ success_NN has_HVZ led_VBN F13 196 the_ATI pundits_NNS at_IN the_ATI royal_JJ F13 197 courts_NNS of_IN justice_NN to_TO predict_VB that_CS he_PP3A will_MD F13 197 become_VB a_AT judge_NN and_CC earn_VB a_AT F13 198 knighthood_NN ._. F13 199 ^ every_AT word_NN and_CC gesture_NN he_PP3A makes_VBZ at_IN F13 199 Lewes_NP assizes_NNS will_MD be_BE weighed_VBN F13 200 and_CC noted_VBN ._. F13 201 ^ and_CC in_IN the_ATI Cock_NP Tavern_NPL ,_, across_IN the_ATI F13 201 road_NN from_IN the_ATI royal_JJ courts_NNS ,_, F13 202 barristers_NNS ,_, solicitors_NNS and_CC their_PP$ clerks_NNS will_MD F13 202 be_BE asking_VBG each_PPLS other_PPLS" :_: F13 203 ^ will_MD this_DT be_BE Lawrence's_NP$ trial_NN ?_? F13 204 ^ but_CC that_DT is_BEZ a_AT question_NN that_WPR only_RB a_AT F13 204 jury_NN can_MD answer_VB ._. F13 205 ^ concluding_VBG the_ATI red_JJ spy_NN ring_NN in_IN Britain_NP by_IN F13 205 \0E_NP \0H_NP Cookridge_NP ._. F13 206 ^ watch_VB for_IN a_AT woman_NN with_IN a_AT string_NN bag_NN *-_*- F13 206 and_CC an_AT orange_JJ ..._... ._. F13 207 ^ *-_*- that_DT was_BEDZ Moscow's_NP$ secret_JJ message_NN to_IN F13 207 Alexander_NP Foote_NP (_( above_RI )_) F13 208 when_WRB he_PP3A was_BEDZ a_AT Russian_JNP spy_NN in_IN Switzerland_NP F13 208 ..._... ._. F13 209 ^ the_ATI organisation_NN of_IN a_AT Soviet_NP avantpost_NN F13 209 abroad_RB *-_*- a_AT F13 210 network_NN controlled_VBN by_IN a_AT resident_JJ director_NN *-_*- F13 210 is_BEZ fundamentally_RB the_ATI same_AP F13 211 in_IN all_ABN countries_NNS ,_, but_CC the_ATI emphasis_NN on_IN F13 211 its_PP$ tasks_NNS and_CC *'_*' targets_NNS **'_**' is_BEZ F13 212 naturally_RB different_JJ ._. F13 213 ^ during_IN the_ATI final_JJ stages_NNS of_IN an_AT agent's_NN$ F13 213 training_NN ,_, therefore_RB ,_, he_PP3A is_BEZ F13 214 put_VBN into_IN one_CD1 of_IN four_CD groups_NNS ._. F13 215 ^ group_NN one_CD1 consists_VBZ of_IN agents_NNS for_IN political_JJ F13 215 intelligence_NN and_CC F13 216 subversion_NN ._. F14 2 ^ the_ATI Registrar-General_NPT forecasts_VBZ ..._... ._. F14 3 ^ one_CD1 of_IN these_DTS marriages_NNS will_MD fail_VB ._. F14 4 ^ but_CC four_CD happy_JJ couples_NNS say_VB he_PP3A 's_BEZ talking_VBG F14 4 nonsense_NN ._. F14 5 ^ by_IN Diana_NP Norman_NP ._. F14 6 ^ people_NNS disapprove_VB of_IN teenagers_NNS marrying_VBG ._. ^ F14 6 they_PP3AS shake_VB their_PP$ F14 7 heads_NNS and_CC say_VB :_: ^ *'_*' they_PP3AS 're_BER too_QL young_JJ F14 7 ._. **'_**' F14 8 ^ they_PP3AS point_VB to_IN official_JJ statistics_NNS which_WDTR F14 8 show_VB that_CS one_CD1 out_RP of_IN four_CD F14 9 girls_NNS who_WPR marry_VB between_IN 16_CD and_CC 18_CD ends_VBZ up_RP F14 9 in_IN the_ATI divorce_NN court_NN ._. ^ and_CC F14 10 they_PP3AS say_VB :_: ^ *'_*' that_DT proves_VBZ it_PP3 ._. **'_**' ^ F14 10 but_CC does_DOZ it_PP3 ?_? F14 11 ^ to_TO find_VB out_RP ,_, I_PP1A travelled_VBD all_RB over_IN F14 11 the_ATI country_NN ,_, meeting_VBG couples_NNS F14 12 who_WPR married_VBD very_QL young_JJ ._. ^ none_PN of_IN them_PP3OS F14 12 was_BEDZ newly_RB married_VBN ._. ^ most_AP had_HVD F14 13 been_BEN married_VBN for_IN between_IN two_CD to_IN six_CD years_NNS F14 13 ._. F14 14 ^ I_PP1A am_BEM going_VBG to_TO tell_VB you_PP2 the_ATI stories_NNS F14 14 of_IN four_CD such_ABL couples_NNS ._. ^ if_CS the_ATI F14 15 Registrar_NPT general_JJ ,_, who_WPR compiles_VBZ national_JJ F14 15 statistics_NNS of_IN births_NNS ,_, deaths_NNS F14 16 and_CC marriages_NNS is_BEZ right_JJ ,_, one_CD1 of_IN them_PP3OS F14 16 will_MD be_BE in_IN the_ATI divorce_NN court_NN F14 17 within_IN the_ATI next_AP 20_CD years_NNS ._. F14 18 ^ all_ABN of_IN them_PP3OS have_HV encountered_VBN greater_JJR F14 18 hardship_NN than_IN most_AP couples_NNS F14 19 who_WPR wait_VB until_CS they_PP3AS are_BER older_JJR before_IN F14 19 marrying_VBG ._. ^ almost_RB all_ABN have_HV had_HVN to_TO F14 20 face_VB the_ATI suspicion_NN that_CS they_PP3AS had_HVD to_TO get_VB F14 20 married_VBN ,_, although_CS it_PP3 was_BEDZ F14 21 untrue_JJ ._. F14 22 ^ they_PP3AS have_HV come_VBN up_RP against_IN parental_JJ F14 22 disapproval_NN ,_, and_CC landladies_NNS F14 23 who_WPR wanted_VBD to_TO see_VB their_PP$ marriage_NN lines_NNS F14 23 before_IN offering_VBG them_PP3OS F14 24 accommodation_NN ._. ^ they_PP3AS have_HV all_ABN had_HVD to_TO F14 24 raise_VB children_NNS on_IN small_JJ wages_NNS ._. F14 25 ^ take_VB ,_, for_IN instance_NN ,_, the_ATI case_NN of_IN the_ATI F14 25 Annandales_NPS who_WPR were_BED married_VBN F14 26 six_CD and_CC a_AT half_ABN years_NNS ago_RB ,_, when_WRB Brian_NP F14 26 was_BEDZ 17_CD ,_, and_CC Pam_NP 16_CD ._. ^ now_RN they_PP3AS F14 27 have_HV a_AT nice_JJ home_NR in_IN Germany_NP ,_, where_WRB F14 27 23-year-old_JJB Brian_NP ,_, a_AT regular_JJ in_IN the_ATI F14 28 \0RAF_NP ,_, is_BEZ stationed_VBN ._. ^ they_PP3AS have_HV a_AT car_NN F14 28 and_CC Pat_NP has_HVZ a_AT fur_NN coat_NN ._. F14 29 ^ but_CC less_AP than_IN four_CD years_NNS ago_RB they_PP3AS F14 29 went_VBD hungry_JJ in_CS order_CS" that_CS" their_PP$ F14 30 baby_NN ,_, David_NP ,_, would_MD have_HV food_NN ._. F14 31 ^ they_PP3AS told_VBD me_PP1O about_IN it_PP3 recently_RB when_WRB F14 31 Brian_NP was_BEDZ on_IN leave_NN and_CC they_PP3AS F14 32 were_BED staying_VBG with_IN Pam's_NP$ parents_NNS in_IN F14 32 Francis-road_NP ,_, Ashford_NP ,_, Kent_NP ._. F14 33 ^ Brian_NP was_BEDZ then_RN a_AT national_JJ serviceman_NN ,_, F14 33 getting_VBG just_RB under_RB *+5_NNU a_AT F14 34 week_NN ._. F14 35 ^ he_PP3A found_VBD that_CS ,_, because_CS he_PP3A was_BEDZ under_RB F14 35 21_CD ,_, the_ATI \0RAF_NP would_MD not_XNOT F14 36 give_VB him_PP3O and_CC Pam_NP married_JJ quarters_NNS ._. F14 37 ^ nor_CC *-_*- again_RB because_CS he_PP3A was_BEDZ a_AT minor_NN F14 37 *-_*- would_MD they_PP3AS grant_VB him_PP3O the_ATI F14 38 guinea_NN a_AT week_NN extra_JJ normally_RB given_VBN to_IN married_JJ F14 38 men_NNS in_IN the_ATI \0RAF_NP who_WPR F14 39 have_HV to_TO pay_VB their_PP$ own_AP rent_NN ._. F14 40 ^ *'_*' it_PP3 was_BEDZ a_AT very_QL bad_JJ time_NN ,_, **'_**' F14 40 said_VBD Brian_NP ._. ^ *'_*' it_PP3 could_MD have_HV caused_VBN F14 41 a_AT split_NN between_IN us_PP1OS ._. ^ but_CC ,_, luckily_RB ,_, F14 41 it_PP3 brought_VBD us_PP1OS closer_RBR together_RB ._. **'_**' F14 42 ^ he_PP3A added_VBD :_: ^ *'_*' we_PP1AS realise_VB now_RN that_CS F14 42 we_PP1AS took_VBD a_AT terrific_JJ risk_NN ,_, F14 43 marrying_VBG so_QL young_JJ ._. ^ but_CC when_WRB our_PP$ parents_NNS F14 43 pointed_VBD this_DT out_RP to_IN us_PP1OS before_CS F14 44 we_PP1AS married_VBD ,_, we_PP1AS thought_VBD they_PP3AS were_BED F14 44 wrong_JJ ._. **'_**' F14 45 ^ Brian_NP and_CC Pam_NP went_VBD to_IN the_ATI same_AP junior_JJ F14 45 school_NN in_IN Ashford_NP ._. ^ and_CC F14 46 Brian_NP smilingly_RB recalled_VBD :_: ^ *'_*' I_PP1A could_MD n't_XNOT F14 46 stand_VB the_ATI sight_NN of_IN her_PP3O F14 47 then_RN ._. **'_**' F14 48 ^ take-over_NN ._. F14 49 ^ they_PP3AS met_VBD again_RB when_WRB Brian_NP was_BEDZ in_IN F14 49 the_ATI local_JJ cycle_NN speedway_NN team_NN ,_, F14 50 and_CC Pam_NP ,_, at_IN 15_CD ,_, was_BEDZ going_VBG out_RP with_IN F14 50 his_PP$ team_NN captain_NN ._. F14 51 ^ *'_*' within_IN a_AT week_NN I_PP1A had_HVD accidentally_RB F14 51 crashed_VBN into_IN the_ATI captain_NN on_IN F14 52 the_ATI track_NN ,_, broken_VBN his_PP$ arm_NN ,_, taken_VBN over_RP F14 52 his_PP$ position_NN as_IN captain_NN and_CC F14 53 taken_VBN his_PP$ girl_NN away_RP from_IN him_PP3O ,_, **'_**' F14 53 grinned_VBD Brian_NP ._. ^ *'_*' he_PP3A was_BEDZ best_JJT man_NN at_IN F14 54 our_PP$ wedding_NN ..._... F14 55 ._. **'_**' ^ neither_DTX Brian_NP nor_CC Pam_NP can_MD tell_VB F14 55 you_PP2 the_ATI exact_JJ moment_NN when_WRB they_PP3AS F14 56 decided_VBD to_TO get_VB married_VBN *-_*- *'_*' it_PP3 was_BEDZ F14 56 just_RB an_AT understanding_NN between_IN us_PP1OS ._. **'_**' F14 57 ^ proposals_NNS are_BER rare_JJ among_IN teenagers_NNS ._. ^ F14 57 nearly_RB all_ABN say_VB :_: ^ *'_*' we_PP1AS just_RB F14 58 knew_VBD we_PP1AS were_BED going_VBG to_TO marry_VB *-_*- that_DT F14 58 's_BEZ all_ABN ._. **'_**' F14 59 ^ Pam_NP told_VBD me_PP1O :_: ^ *'_*' we_PP1AS came_VBD up_RP F14 59 against_IN a_AT terrific_JJ amount_NN of_IN F14 60 suspicion_NN ._. ^ suspicion_NN that_CS we_PP1AS had_HVD had_HVN to_TO F14 60 get_VB married_VBN ._. ^ even_CS though_CS" F14 61 our_PP$ baby_NN arrived_VBD two_CD years_NNS after_IN our_PP$ F14 61 wedding_NN ,_, some_DTI people_NNS still_RB think_VB F14 62 that_CS he_PP3A was_BEDZ the_ATI reason_NN for_IN our_PP$ early_JJ F14 62 marriage_NN ._. **'_**' F14 63 ^ Brian_NP agreed_VBD that_CS the_ATI dice_NNS are_BER loaded_VBN F14 63 against_IN teenage_JJB marriages_NNS ._. F14 64 ^ *'_*' we_PP1AS refused_VBD to_TO borrow_VB money_NN from_IN F14 64 our_PP$ parents_NNS during_IN those_DTS F14 65 difficult_JJ times_NNS ._. ^ we_PP1AS thought_VBD we_PP1AS 'd_MD F14 65 save_VB rent_NN by_IN buying_VBG a_AT caravan_NN on_IN F14 66 \0HP_NN F14 67 ._. ^ *'_*' but_CC ,_, because_CS we_PP1AS were_BED both_ABX F14 67 under_RB 21_CD ,_, the_ATI firm_NN refused_VBD to_TO sell_VB to_IN F14 68 us_PP1OS ._. ^ in_IN the_ATI end_NN we_PP1AS had_HVD to_TO buy_VB F14 68 it_PP3 in_IN Pam's_NP$ father's_NN$ name_NN ._. **'_**' F14 69 ^ despite_IN the_ATI travelling_NN Brian_NP has_HVZ done_VBN F14 69 since_CS he_PP3A joined_VBD the_ATI F14 70 \0RAF_NP ,_, Pam_NP has_HVZ managed_VBN to_TO go_VB with_IN him_PP3O F14 70 almost_RB everywhere_RB ._. ^ in_IN fact_NN ,_, F14 71 she_PP3A told_VBD me_PP1O :_: ^ *'_*' in_IN the_ATI six_CD years_NNS F14 71 of_IN our_PP$ marriage_NN ,_, I_PP1A 've_HV been_BEN away_RP from_IN F14 72 him_PP3O only_RB for_IN about_RB three_CD months_NNS ._. **'_**' F14 73 ^ do_DO they_PP3AS quarrel_VB ?_? ^ *'_*' of_RB course_RB" ,_, F14 73 **'_**' said_VBD Brian_NP ._. ^ *'_*' like_CS mad_JJ F14 74 sometimes_RB ..._... ._. **'_**' ^ but_CC he_PP3A added_VBD :_: ^ *'_*' F14 74 we_PP1AS never_RB row_VB in_IN front_IN" of_IN" David_NP ._. F14 75 ^ *'_*' we_PP1AS have_HV a_AT really_RB happy_JJ marriage_NN ._. ^ F14 75 the_ATI months_NNS I_PP1A spent_VBD apart_IN from_IN" F14 76 Pam_NP were_BED the_ATI most_QL miserable_JJ of_IN my_PP$ life_NN ._. F14 76 **'_**' F14 77 ^ well_UH ,_, that_DT 's_BEZ the_ATI Annandales_NPS ._. ^ I_PP1A F14 77 'd_MD risk_VB a_AT large_JJ bet_NN that_CS it_PP3 F14 78 will_MD n't_XNOT be_BE their_PP$ marriage_NN which_WDTR ends_VBZ in_IN F14 78 failure_NN ._. F14 79 ^ scarce_JJ ._. F14 80 ^ and_CC so_RB to_IN the_ATI Bowketts_NPS ..._... ._. ^ in_IN F14 80 the_ATI two_CD years_NNS they_PP3AS 've_HV been_BEN F14 81 married_VBN ,_, Keith_NP Bowkett_NP and_CC his_PP$ pretty_JJ ,_, F14 81 fair-haired_JJ wife_NN ,_, Violet_NP *-_*- F14 82 they_PP3AS 're_BER both_ABX 18_CD *-_*- have_HV n't_XNOT lived_VBN F14 82 together_RB at_IN all_ABN ._. F14 83 ^ the_ATI housing_NN shortage_NN and_CC scarcity_NN of_IN flats_NNS F14 83 in_IN their_PP$ home_NR town_NN of_IN F14 84 Pontardawe_NP ,_, near_IN Swansea_NP ,_, south_NR Wales_NP ,_, have_HV F14 84 forced_VBN Violet_NP to_TO go_VB on_RP F14 85 living_VBG with_IN her_PP$ parents_NNS ,_, sister_NN and_CC three_CD F14 85 brothers_NNS at_IN their_PP$ home_NR in_IN F14 86 Holly-street_NP *-_*- although_CS she_PP3A is_BEZ now_RN a_AT F14 86 married_JJ woman_NN with_IN a_AT small_JJ baby_NN ._. F14 87 ^ Keith_NP ,_, whom_WPOR she_PP3A married_VBD on_IN her_PP$ 16th_OD F14 87 birthday_NN ,_, lives_VBZ with_IN his_PP$ parents_NNS F14 88 a_AT short_JJ distance_NN away_RP ,_, just_RB as_CS he_PP3A did_DOD F14 88 when_WRB he_PP3A was_BEDZ a_AT schoolboy_NN ._. F14 89 ^ they_PP3AS meet_VB each_PPLS other_PPLS" whenever_WRB Keith's_NP$ F14 89 job_NN as_IN a_AT collier_NN on_IN shift_NN F14 90 work_NN will_MD allow_VB them_PP3OS to_TO ._. F14 91 ^ they_PP3AS sit_VB in_IN one_CD1 or_CC other_AP of_IN their_PP$ F14 91 parents'_NNS$ homes_NRS watching_VBG F14 92 television_NN ._. ^ or_CC they_PP3AS hold_VB hands_NNS in_IN the_ATI F14 92 pictures_NNS or_CC go_VB for_IN walks_NNS ._. F14 93 ^ and_CC at_IN night_NN they_PP3AS kiss_VB each_PPLS other_PPLS" F14 93 goodbye_NN and_CC then_RN go_VB back_RP to_IN F14 94 their_PP$ respective_JJ homes_NRS ._. F14 95 ^ *'_*' we_PP1AS thought_VBD we_PP1AS would_MD be_BE able_JJ to_TO F14 95 find_VB a_AT place_NN ,_, but_CC we_PP1AS have_HV n't_XNOT ,_, **'_**' F14 96 said_VBD Violet_NP ,_, bluntly_RB ._. F14 97 ^ *'_*' both_ABX our_PP$ parents'_NNS$ houses_NNS are_BER too_QL F14 97 small_JJ to_TO let_VB us_PP1OS have_HV a_AT bedroom_NN F14 98 of_IN our_PP$ own_AP ._. ^ we_PP1AS 're_BER on_IN the_ATI council's_NN$ F14 98 waiting_NN list_NN ,_, but_CC I_PP1A 've_HV known_VBN F14 99 people_NNS around_IN here_RN who_WPR have_HV waited_VBN nearly_RB F14 99 ten_CD years_NNS to_TO be_BE given_VBN a_AT F14 100 house_NN ._. F14 101 ^ *'_*' flats_NNS are_BER scarce_JJ and_CC expensive_JJ ,_, and_CC F14 101 landlords_NNS do_DO n't_XNOT want_VB you_PP2 if_CS F14 102 you_PP2 've_HV got_VBN a_AT baby_NN ._. **'_**' F14 103 ^ Keith_NP and_CC Violet_NP ,_, like_IN Brian_NP and_CC Pam_NP F14 103 Annandale_NP ,_, and_CC so_QL many_AP other_AP F14 104 youngsters_NNS ,_, met_VBD at_IN school_NN and_CC began_VBD F14 104 courting_VBG at_IN 15_CD ._. ^ they_PP3AS insisted_VBD on_IN F14 105 marrying_VBG as_QL soon_RB as_CS Violet_NP was_BEDZ legally_RB old_JJ F14 105 enough_QLP *-_*- 16_CD ._. ^ Violet's_NP$ F14 106 parents_NNS were_BED against_IN the_ATI marriage_NN ._. ^ her_PP$ F14 106 mother_NN ,_, 40-year-old_JJB \0Mrs_NPT F14 107 Pearl_NP Epps_NP ,_, said_VBD :_: ^ *'_*' I_PP1A did_DOD n't_XNOT F14 107 want_VB Violet_NP to_TO marry_VB so_QL young_JJ ,_, but_CC when_WRB F14 108 youngsters_NNS make_VB up_RP their_PP$ minds_NNS you_PP2 can_MD F14 108 n't_XNOT stop_VB them_PP3OS ._. F14 109 ^ *'_*' so_RB I_PP1A made_VBD up_RP my_PP$ mind_NN to_TO make_VB F14 109 the_ATI best_JJT of_IN it_PP3 and_CC gave_VBD them_PP3OS a_AT F14 110 nice_JJ wedding_NN reception_NN here_RN at_IN home_NR ._. F14 111 **"_**' F14 112 ^ heartbreak_NN ._. F14 113 ^ *'_*' sometimes_RB when_WRB I_PP1A see_VB Violet_NP looking_VBG F14 113 after_IN her_PP$ baby_NN ,_, Steven_NP ,_, F14 114 and_CC remember_VB it_PP3 was_BEDZ only_RB a_AT short_JJ time_NN ago_RB F14 114 that_CS she_PP3A was_BEDZ a_AT baby_NN herself_PPL ,_, F14 115 it_PP3 nearly_RB breaks_VBZ my_PP$ heart_NN ._. F14 116 ^ *'_*' she_PP3A has_HVZ no_ATI idea_NN of_IN the_ATI cost_NN of_IN F14 116 things_NNS ,_, because_CS she_PP3A 's_HVZ never_RB had_HVN F14 117 a_AT home_NR of_IN her_PP$ own_AP to_TO run_VB ._. ^ but_CC I_PP1A F14 117 must_MD say_VB she_PP3A 's_BEZ making_VBG a_AT good_JJ job_NN of_IN F14 118 bringing_VBG up_RP Steven_NP ._. **'_**' F14 119 ^ people_NNS have_HV told_VBN Violet_NP that_CS she_PP3A F14 119 deserves_VBZ better_JJR ,_, and_CC that_CS F14 120 because_CS Keith_NP has_HVZ n't_XNOT provided_VBN her_PP3O with_IN a_AT F14 120 home_NR ,_, she_PP3A has_HVZ grounds_NNS for_IN F14 121 divorce_NN ._. F14 122 ^ but_CC Violet_NP just_RB pushes_VBZ back_RP her_PP$ long_JJ F14 122 hair_NN and_CC hugs_VBZ Steven_NP even_RB F14 123 closer_RBR ._. ^ *'_*' maybe_RB Keith_NP has_HVZ n't_XNOT been_BEN F14 123 quite_RB as_QL responsible_JJ as_CS he_PP3A F14 124 should_MD ,_, **'_**' she_PP3A told_VBD me_PP1O ._. F14 125 ^ *'_*' but_CC if_CS I_PP1A had_HVD my_PP$ time_NN over_RP again_RB F14 125 ,_, I_PP1A 'd_MD marry_VB him_PP3O just_RB the_ATI same_AP *-_*- F14 126 although_CS perhaps_RB not_XNOT quite_RB so_QL early_RB ._. F14 127 ^ *'_*' he_PP3A 'll_MD find_VB a_AT home_NR for_IN me_PP1O one_CD1 F14 127 of_IN these_DTS days_NNS ._. **'_**' she_PP3A added_VBD F14 128 resolutely_RB ._. ^ *'_*' and_CC I_PP1A 'll_MD stick_VB by_IN him_PP3O F14 128 ._. **'_**' F14 129 ^ if_CS love_NN ,_, loyalty_NN and_CC courage_NN count_VB for_IN F14 129 anything_PN ,_, it_PP3 will_MD n't_XNOT be_BE F14 130 Violet's_NP$ marriage_NN that_WPR will_MD break_VB up_RP ._. F14 131 ^ perhaps_RB Pat_NP Cane_NP ,_, 17_CD ,_, and_CC her_PP$ F14 131 23-year-old_JJB husband_NN ,_, Tom_NP ,_, are_BER a_AT F14 132 bit_NN luckier_JJR ._. ^ at_RB least_RB" they_PP3AS have_HV a_AT F14 132 room_NN to_IN themselves_PPLS ,_, with_IN a_AT cot_NN F14 133 in_IN it_PP3 for_IN their_PP$ seven-month-old_JJB daughter_NN ,_, F14 133 Michel_NP ._. F14 134 ^ divided_VBN ._. F14 135 ^ the_ATI room_NN is_BEZ in_IN a_AT council_NN flat_NN at_IN F14 135 Tulse_NP Hill_NPL ,_, in_IN south_NR London_NP *-_*- F14 136 the_ATI home_NR of_IN Pat's_NP$ parents_NNS ._. F14 137 ^ the_ATI other_AP three_CD bedrooms_NNS in_IN the_ATI flat_NN F14 137 are_BER divided_VBN among_IN Pat's_NP$ F14 138 parents_NNS and_CC seven_CD of_IN her_PP$ ten_CD brothers_NNS and_CC F14 138 sisters_NNS ._. ^ quite_ABL a_AT crowd_NN ,_, eh_UH ?_? F14 139 ^ *'_*' we_PP1AS 've_HV tried_VBN to_TO find_VB a_AT place_NN of_IN F14 139 our_PP$ own_AP ._. **'_**' said_VBD Pat_NP ,_, who_WPR also_RB F14 140 married_VBD on_IN her_PP$ 16th_OD birthday_NN ._. F14 141 ^ *'_*' in_IN fact_NN ,_, recently_RB we_PP1AS left_VBD here_RN F14 141 for_IN a_AT flat_JJ that_WPR Tom_NP had_HVD found_VBN F14 142 for_IN us_PP1OS ._. ^ but_CC the_ATI landlady_NN was_BEDZ terribly_RB F14 142 bossy_JJ *-_*- they_PP3AS can_MD be_BE you_PP2 know_VB *-_*- F14 143 and_CC kept_VBD hinting_VBG that_CS we_PP1AS were_BED n't_XNOT F14 143 married_VBN ._. F14 144 ^ *'_*' eventually_RB I_PP1A showed_VBD her_PP3O my_PP$ marriage_NN F14 144 lines_NNS ._. ^ but_CC she_PP3A said_VBD they_PP3AS F14 145 were_BED probably_RB forged_JJ ._. F14 146 ^ *'_*' so_RB we_PP1AS moved_VBD back_RP with_IN Mum_NPT ,_, who_WPR F14 146 's_HVZ been_BEN very_QL kind_JJ ,_, and_CC we_PP1AS 're_BER now_RN F14 147 trying_VBG to_TO find_VB somewhere_RB else_RB ._. **'_**' F14 148 ^ Tom_NP ,_, a_AT *+12-a-week_JJB decorator_NN ,_, met_VBD Pat_NP F14 148 over_RB two_CD years_NNS ago_RB ._. F14 149 ^ *'_*' I_PP1A asked_VBD her_PP3O to_TO go_VB to_IN the_ATI F14 149 pictures_NNS with_IN me_PP1O ._. **'_**' said_VBD Tom_NP ._. ^ *'_*' F14 149 the_ATI F14 150 film_NN was_BEDZ look_VB back_RP in_IN anger_NN ,_, but_CC we_PP1AS F14 150 have_HV n't_XNOT *-_*- not_XNOT once_RB ._. F14 151 ^ *'_*' when_WRB we_PP1AS decided_VBD to_TO get_VB married_VBN ,_, F14 151 Pat's_NP$ parents_NNS did_DOD n't_XNOT object_VB at_IN F14 152 all_ABN ._. ^ Pat's_NP$ mum_NN was_BEDZ only_RB 17_CD when_WRB she_PP3A F14 152 married_VBD ,_, and_CC has_HVZ been_BEN happy_JJ ever_RB F14 153 since_RI ._. F14 154 ^ *'_*' but_CC my_PP$ mother_NN was_BEDZ very_QL opposed_JJ to_IN F14 154 the_ATI marriage_NN ._. ^ she_PP3A even_RB F14 155 refused_VBD to_TO come_VB to_IN the_ATI wedding_NN ._. **'_**' F14 156 ^ Pat_NP ,_, taking_VBG up_RP the_ATI story_NN ,_, said_VBD ^ *'_*' F14 156 I_PP1A did_DOD n't_XNOT like_VB Tom_NP being_BEG F14 157 *'_*' estranged_VBN **'_**' from_IN his_PP$ mother_NN ,_, so_CS F14 157 when_WRB Michel_NP was_BEDZ born_VBN ,_, I_PP1A took_VBD the_ATI F14 158 baby_NN round_RP to_TO show_VB her_PP3O ,_, and_CC tried_VBD to_TO F14 158 make_VB things_NNS up_RP between_IN them_PP3OS ._. ^ the_ATI F14 159 moment_NN she_PP3A saw_VBD Michel_NP she_PP3A *'_*' came_VBD round_RP F14 159 **'_**' ._. ^ now_RN we_PP1AS get_VB on_RP very_QL F14 160 well_RB ._. **'_**' F14 161 ^ Pat's_NP$ mother_NN ,_, 42-year-old_JJB \0Mrs_NPT Lille_NP F14 161 Barnham_NP ,_, told_VBD me_PP1O :_: ^ *'_*' I_PP1A F14 162 can_MD n't_XNOT think_VB why_WRB people_NNS are_BER so_QL down_RP on_IN F14 162 teenage_JJB marriages_NNS ,_, and_CC try_VB to_TO F14 163 wreck_VB them_PP3OS ._. F14 164 ^ *'_*' if_CS girls_NNS are_BER as_QL sensible_JJ as_IN Pat_NP ,_, F14 164 who_WPR helped_VBD bring_VB up_RP her_PP$ young_JJ F14 165 brothers_NNS and_CC sisters_NNS ,_, I_PP1A can_MD n't_XNOT see_VB F14 165 any_DTI objection_NN to_IN their_PP$ marrying_VBG when_WRB F14 166 they_PP3AS like_VB ._. **'_**' F14 167 ^ surely_RB it_PP3 will_MD n't_XNOT be_BE Tom_NP and_CC Pat_NP F14 167 Cane_NP who_WPR break_VB up_RP ._. F14 168 ^ then_RN there_EX are_BER the_ATI Bandeys_NPS of_IN Wandsworth_NP F14 168 ,_, London_NP ._. F14 169 ^ Alice_NP Bandey_NP ,_, age_NN 17_CD ,_, was_BEDZ expecting_VBG F14 169 her_PP$ first_OD baby_NN in_IN six_CD weeks_NNS F14 170 when_WRB I_PP1A saw_VBD her_PP3O ._. F14 171 ^ and_CC she_PP3A and_CC her_PP$ 17-year-old_JJB husband_NN ,_, F14 171 Michael_NP ,_, whom_WPOR she_PP3A married_VBD F14 172 just_RB over_RB a_AT year_NN ago_RB ,_, were_BED going_VBG to_TO F14 172 have_HV to_TO find_VB another_DT place_NN to_TO F14 173 live_VB ._. F14 174 ^ their_PP$ present_JJ two-room_JJB flat_NN they_PP3AS knew_VBD F14 174 would_MD n't_XNOT be_BE suitable_JJ when_WRB F14 175 the_ATI baby_NN arrived_VBD ,_, because_CS a_AT child_NN might_MD F14 175 disturb_VB the_ATI other_AP tenants_NNS ._. F14 176 ^ they_PP3AS 'd_HVD already_RB had_HVN to_TO leave_VB one_CD1 F14 176 flat_NN because_CS the_ATI landlady_NN learned_VBD F14 177 of_IN the_ATI expected_JJ baby_NN ._. ^ Michael_NP ,_, who_WPR F14 177 works_VBZ in_IN a_AT banana-packing_JJ F14 178 warehouse_NN ,_, earns_VBZ *+7_NNU 10_CD \0s_NNU a_AT week_NN ,_, F14 178 from_IN which_WDTR ,_, when_WRB I_PP1A saw_VBD them_PP3OS ,_, F14 178 they_PP3AS F14 179 were_BED paying_VBG *+3_NNU 10_CD \0s_NNU a_AT week_NN rent_NN ._. F14 180 ^ they_PP3AS had_HVD no_ATI honeymoon_NN *-_*- could_MD n't_XNOT F14 180 afford_VB it_PP3 *-_*- and_CC the_ATI last_AP new_JJ F14 181 dress_NN Alice_NP had_HVD was_BEDZ for_IN her_PP$ wedding_NN ._. F14 182 ^ yet_RB ,_, despite_IN their_PP$ money_NN and_CC home-hunting_JJ F14 182 problems_NNS ,_, they_PP3AS are_BER F14 183 happy_JJ ._. F14 184 ^ Alice_NP ,_, an_AT orphan_NN ,_, met_VBD Michael_NP at_IN F14 184 school_NN ._. ^ they_PP3AS started_VBD courting_VBG F14 185 at_IN 14_CD ,_, and_CC at_IN 15_CD decided_VBD to_TO get_VB married_VBN F14 185 as_QL soon_RB as_CS they_PP3AS were_BED of_IN age_NN ._. F14 186 ^ *'_*' I_PP1A never_RB thought_VBD of_IN marrying_VBG anybody_PN F14 186 else_RB ,_, **'_**' said_VBD Alice_NP ._. ^ *'_*' and_CC F14 187 I_PP1A do_DO n't_XNOT think_VB I_PP1A 've_HV missed_VBN anything_PN ._. F14 187 **'_**' ^ Michael_NP said_VBD :_: ^ *'_*' I_PP1A reckon_VB I_PP1A F14 187 've_HV F14 188 got_VBN the_ATI perfect_JJ wife_NN ._. ^ she_PP3A 's_BEZ always_RB F14 188 here_RN when_WRB I_PP1A get_VB home_NR ;_; always_RB kind_JJ ,_, F14 189 and_CC cheerful_JJ *-_*- and_CC a_AT lovely_JJ cook_NN ._. **'_**' F14 190 ^ but_CC he_PP3A added_VBD :_: ^ *'_*' marriage_NN certainly_RB F14 190 is_BEZ n't_XNOT a_AT bed_NN of_IN roses_NNS *-_*- F14 191 especially_RB at_IN our_PP$ age_NN ._. F14 192 **"_**' F14 193 ^ the_ATI marriage_NN menders_NNS ._. F14 194 ^ by_IN Diana_NP Norman_NP ._. F14 195 ^ Sheila_NP and_CC Jim_NP were_BED living_VBG with_IN Jim's_NP$ F14 195 parents_NNS *-_*- and_CC none_RB F14 196 too_QL happily_RB ._. ^ there_EX always_RB seemed_VBD tension_NN F14 196 between_IN Sheila_NP and_CC Jim's_NP$ F14 197 mother_NN ._. ^ and_CC one_CD1 day_NN it_PP3 broke_VBD ,_, in_IN a_AT F14 197 blazing_JJ row_NN ._. F14 198 ^ *'_*' she_PP3A started_VBD shouting_VBG that_CS I_PP1A could_MD F14 198 leave_VB as_QL soon_RB as_CS I_PP1A liked_VBD ,_, **'_**' F14 199 Sheila_NP confided_VBD afterwards_RB ._. ^ *'_*' I_PP1A said_VBD F14 199 right_RB now_RN was_BEDZ n't_XNOT soon_RB enough_QLP for_IN F14 200 me_PP1O ._. F14 201 ^ *'_*' she_PP3A said_VBD I_PP1A never_RB cleaned_VBD our_PP$ F14 201 room_NN ,_, which_WDTR is_BEZ a_AT lie_NN ._. ^ and_CC when_WRB F14 202 she_PP3A started_VBD on_RP about_IN the_ATI baby_NN always_RB F14 202 crying_VBG ,_, I_PP1A got_VBD really_RB wild_JJ ._. F14 203 ^ *'_*' nobody_PN 's_BEZ going_VBG to_TO criticise_VB my_PP$ baby_NN F14 203 **'_**' ,_, I_PP1A said_VBD ,_, and_CC started_VBD F14 204 slinging_VBG some_DTI of_IN my_PP$ things_NNS into_IN a_AT suitcase_NN F14 204 ._. F14 205 ^ *'_*' she_PP3A said_VBD it_PP3 was_BEDZ Jim's_NP$ case_NN and_CC F14 205 I_PP1A was_BEDZ n't_XNOT taking_VBG that_DT ,_, and_CC she_PP3A F14 206 tried_VBD to_TO pull_VB it_PP3 out_RP of_IN my_PP$ hands_NNS ._. ^ F14 206 Jim_NP came_VBD in_RP ._. ^ he_PP3A pushed_VBD me_PP1O and_CC F14 207 shouted_VBD that_CS it_PP3 was_BEDZ his_PP$ baby_NN and_CC I_PP1A F14 207 was_BEDZ n't_XNOT going_VBG to_TO take_VB her_PP3O away_RP ._. ^ F14 207 he_PP3A F14 208 hit_VBD me_PP1O across_IN the_ATI face_NN and_CC I_PP1A began_VBD to_TO F14 208 scream_VB ._. **'_**' F14 209 ^ eventually_RB Sheila_NP left_VBD ,_, taking_VBG her_PP$ baby_NN F14 209 with_IN her_PP3O and_CC went_VBD to_TO live_VB F14 210 with_IN her_PP$ own_AP parents_NNS ._. F14 211 ^ and_CC so_RB another_DT marriage_NN might_MD have_HV fallen_VBN F14 211 in_IN ruins_NNS had_HVD Sheila_NP not_XNOT F14 212 had_HVN the_ATI sense_NN to_TO pour_VB out_RP her_PP$ problems_NNS F14 212 to_IN the_ATI citizens'_NNS$ advice_NN bureau_NN ._. F14 213 ^ she_PP3A went_VBD there_RN ,_, hurt_VBN and_CC angry_JJ ,_, to_TO F14 213 ask_VB about_IN getting_VBG a_AT legal_JJ F14 214 separation_NN from_IN Jim_NP ._. F15 2 ^ the_ATI United_NP Kingdom_NPL and_CC the_ATI European_JNP common_JJ F15 2 market_NN ._. F15 3 ^ background_NN to_IN negotiations_NNS ._. F15 4 ^ by_IN Roy_NP Sherwood_NP ._. F15 5 ^ with_IN the_ATI exception_NN only_RB of_IN matters_NNS of_IN F15 5 direct_JJ bearing_NN on_IN F15 6 peace_NN or_CC early_JJ war_NN ,_, no_ATI issue_NN of_IN the_ATI F15 6 present_JJ moment_NN is_BEZ of_IN as_QL F15 7 far-reaching_JJ importance_NN for_IN Britain's_NP$ ,_, the_ATI F15 7 commonwealth's_NN$ ,_, and_CC the_ATI F15 8 whole_JJ west's_NR$ future_NN as_IN the_ATI question_NN whether_CS F15 8 the_ATI United_NP Kingdom_NPL will_MD F15 9 join_VB the_ATI European_JNP common_JJ market_NN ._. F15 10 ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ not_XNOT a_AT question_NN to_TO be_BE decided_VBN F15 10 on_IN nationalistic_JJ or_CC political_JJ F15 11 party_NN feelings_NNS ,_, and_CC no_ATI reasonably_RB objective_JJ F15 11 opinion_NN ,_, one_CD1 way_NN or_CC the_ATI F15 12 other_AP ,_, is_BEZ likely_JJ to_TO be_BE arrived_VBN at_IN without_IN F15 12 going_VBG through_IN the_ATI process_NN F15 13 known_VBN to_IN the_ATI writing_JJ world_NN as_CS beginning_VBG with_IN F15 13 Adam_NP and_CC Eve_NP ._. F15 14 ^ what_WDT that_DT means_VBZ in_IN this_DT case_NN is_BEZ going_VBG F15 14 back_RP to_IN the_ATI war_NN years_NNS ,_, when_WRB F15 15 the_ATI governments_NNS of_IN Belgium_NP ,_, Luxembourg_NP and_CC F15 15 Holland_NP were_BED in_IN exile_NN in_IN F15 16 London_NP and_CC had_HVD every_AT reason_NN to_TO be_BE so_QL F15 16 concerned_JJ about_IN the_ATI F15 17 precariousness_NN of_IN their_PP$ post-war_JJB prospects_VBZ that_CS F15 17 they_PP3AS organised_VBD a_AT F15 18 careful_JJ experts'_NNS$ study_NN of_IN the_ATI subject_NN ._. F15 19 ^ the_ATI outcome_NN ,_, based_VBN on_IN the_ATI realisation_NN F15 19 that_CS their_PP$ chance_NN of_IN F15 20 economic_JJ recovery_NN and_CC their_PP$ ability_NN to_TO make_VB F15 20 themselves_PPLS heard_VBN in_IN F15 21 international_JJ politics_NN was_BEDZ desperately_RB poor_JJ if_CS F15 21 taken_VBN singly_RB ,_, and_CC F15 22 decidedly_RB better_JJR if_CS they_PP3AS could_MD act_VB in_IN F15 22 unison_NN ,_, was_BEDZ the_ATI agreement_NN to_TO F15 23 join_VB their_PP$ three_CD countries_NNS in_IN a_AT union_NN to_TO F15 23 be_BE called_VBN Benelux_NP *-_*- in_IN which_WDTR F15 24 we_PP1AS can_MD now_RN recognise_VB the_ATI beginning_NN of_IN all_ABN F15 24 endeavours_NNS to_TO unify_VB western_JJ F15 25 Europe_NP ._. ^ and_CC here_RN we_PP1AS shall_MD do_DO well_RB to_TO F15 25 note_VB ,_, as_CS throwing_VBG a_AT first_OD F15 26 sidelight_NN on_IN the_ATI much_RB bigger_JJR problems_NNS F15 26 connected_VBN with_IN the_ATI European_JNP F15 27 common_JJ market_NN and_CC the_ATI question_NN whether_CS the_ATI F15 27 United_NP Kingdom_NPL will_MD be_BE wise_JJ F15 28 in_IN joining_VBG it_PP3 ,_, that_CS today_NR ,_, 16_CD years_NNS F15 28 after_CS the_ATI first_OD measures_NNS were_BED F15 29 taken_VBN to_TO establish_VB Benelux_NP ,_, the_ATI complete_JJ F15 29 union_NN aimed_VBN at_IN between_IN F15 30 Belgium_NP ,_, Luxembourg_NP and_CC Holland_NP has_HVZ not_XNOT yet_RB F15 30 been_BEN fully_RB achieved_VBN ._. F15 31 ^ but_CC in_IN spite_IN" of_IN" early_JJ and_CC subsequent_JJ F15 31 difficulties_NNS and_CC F15 32 complications_NNS ,_, Benelux_NP progress_NN was_BEDZ sufficiently_RB F15 32 striking_JJ to_TO activate_VB F15 33 the_ATI ideas_NNS on_IN European_JNP unity_NN long_RB held_VBN by_IN F15 33 many_AP economists_NNS and_CC a_AT number_NN F15 34 of_IN politicians_NNS ._. ^ even_RB Winston_NP Churchill_NP ,_, F15 34 arch-priest_NN of_IN British_JNP F15 35 commonwealth_NN greatness_NN and_CC independence_NN ,_, spoke_VBD as_QL F15 35 early_RB as_CS in_IN 1946_CD of_IN F15 36 the_ATI desirability_NN of_IN creating_VBG a_AT kind_NN of_IN United_NP F15 36 States_NP of_IN Europe_NP ,_, of_IN F15 37 which_WDTR it_PP3 seems_VBZ however_RB reasonable_JJ to_TO suppose_VB F15 37 that_CS he_PP3A envisaged_VBD them_PP3OS as_IN F15 38 an_AT extension_NN of_IN the_ATI commonwealth_NN under_IN British_JNP F15 38 leadership_NN ;_; and_CC in_IN F15 39 France_NP General_NPT de_&FW Gaulle_NP ,_, then_RN still_RB deeply_RB F15 39 distrustful_JJ of_IN Germany_NP ,_, F15 40 also_RB held_VBD views_NNS favourable_JJ to_IN European_JNP F15 40 unification_NN ._. ^ his_PP$$ ,_, not_XNOT F15 41 unnaturally_RB ,_, differed_VBD however_RB from_IN Churchill's_NP$ F15 41 in_IN two_CD important_JJ F15 42 points_NNS :_: the_ATI de_&FW Gaulle_NP conception_NN of_IN that_DT F15 42 time_NN was_BEDZ a_AT western_JJ European_JNP F15 43 community_NN ,_, largely_RB defensive_JJ against_IN the_ATI F15 43 possibility_NN of_IN German_JNP F15 44 resurgence_NN ,_, and_CC therefore_RB without_IN German_JNP F15 44 participation_NN ,_, and_CC not_XNOT under_IN F15 45 British_JNP but_CC under_IN French_JNP leadership_NN ._. F15 46 ^ it_PP3 can_MD be_BE seen_VBN from_IN this_DT that_CS there_EX F15 46 were_BED even_RB at_IN that_DT time_NN not_XNOT F15 47 only_RB two_CD but_CC actually_RB three_CD different_JJ attitudes_NNS F15 47 to_IN unification_NN *-_*- that_DT F15 48 of_IN those_DTS who_WPR thought_VBD mainly_RB in_IN economics_NN ,_, F15 48 of_IN those_DTS who_WPR thought_VBD in_IN F15 49 politics_NN ,_, and_CC of_IN those_DTS who_WPR thought_VBD almost_RB F15 49 exclusively_RB in_IN military_JJ F15 50 values_NNS ._. F15 51 ^ world_NN events_NNS have_HV forced_VBN the_ATI various_JJ F15 51 proponents_NNS of_IN these_DTS F15 52 attitudes_NNS to_TO modify_VB their_PP$ ideas_NNS and_CC aims_NNS in_IN F15 52 a_AT number_NN of_IN particulars_NNS ,_, F15 53 in_IN addition_NN to_IN which_WDTR there_EX has_HVZ occurred_VBN F15 53 one_CD1 vital_JJ change_NN in_IN the_ATI F15 54 situation_NN :_: the_ATI Franco-German_JNP rapprochement_NN ,_, F15 54 which_WDTR has_HVZ resulted_VBN in_IN F15 55 Britain_NP becoming_VBG an_AT outsider_NN to_IN the_ATI extent_NN of_IN F15 55 no_RB longer_RBR being_BEG F15 56 indispensable_JJ in_IN plans_NNS for_IN western_JJ European_JNP F15 56 unification_NN ._. ^ while_CS on_IN F15 57 this_DT subject_NN ,_, it_PP3 is_BEZ of_IN paramount_JJ importance_NN F15 57 for_IN the_ATI people_NNS of_IN the_ATI F15 58 United_NP Kingdom_NPL to_TO realise_VB that_CS the_ATI dominant_JJ F15 58 position_NN held_VBN for_IN F15 59 centuries_NNS by_IN this_DT country_NN in_IN world_NN affairs_NNS ,_, F15 59 due_JJ to_IN the_ATI ability_NN to_TO F15 60 throw_VB its_PP$ weight_NN against_IN whichever_WDT nation_NN on_IN F15 60 the_ATI continent_NN was_BEDZ growing_VBG F15 61 too_QL powerful_JJ for_IN our_PP$ comfort_NN ,_, is_BEZ a_AT thing_NN F15 61 of_IN the_ATI past_NN ._. ^ the_ATI traditional_JJ F15 62 balance_NN of_IN power_NN policy_NN is_BEZ dead_JJ beyond_IN hope_NN F15 62 of_IN resurrection_NN ._. F15 63 ^ in_IN reviewing_VBG the_ATI various_JJ steps_NNS towards_IN F15 63 European_JNP unification_NN it_PP3 is_BEZ F15 64 useful_JJ to_TO make_VB passing_JJ reference_NN to_IN the_ATI F15 64 failure_NN of_IN the_ATI European_JNP F15 65 defence_NN community_NN (_( \0EDC_NP )_) ._. ^ at_RB first_RB" F15 65 fervently_RB advocated_VBN by_IN the_ATI F15 66 French_NNP ,_, who_WPR saw_VBD in_IN it_PP3 a_AT means_NN of_IN F15 66 making_VBG use_NN of_IN West_NP Germany's_NP$ F15 67 potential_JJ military_JJ strength_NN under_IN strict_JJ external_JJ F15 67 supervision_NN ,_, it_PP3 was_BEDZ F15 68 categorically_RB rejected_VBN by_IN them_PP3OS two_CD years_NNS F15 68 later_RBR ,_, in_IN 1952_CD ._. ^ the_ATI point_NN is_BEZ F15 69 of_IN importance_NN because_CS it_PP3 shows_VBZ that_CS unification_NN F15 69 must_MD be_BE on_IN a_AT wider_JJR F15 70 than_IN a_AT purely_RB military_JJ basis_NN ._. ^ nor_CC can_MD it_PP3 F15 70 be_BE *-_*- and_CC this_DT is_BEZ one_CD1 of_IN the_ATI F15 71 difficulties_NNS *-_*- solely_RB economic_JJ ;_; whether_CS the_ATI F15 71 contractants_NNS want_VB it_PP3 so_PN or_CC F15 72 not_XNOT ,_, it_PP3 must_MD also_RB become_VB political_JJ ._. ^ and_CC F15 72 this_DT is_BEZ the_ATI second_OD ,_, mainly_RB F15 73 psychological_JJ ,_, point_NN of_IN difficulty_NN in_IN Britain's_NP$ F15 73 incorporation_NN in_IN F15 74 European_JNP unification_NN ._. F15 75 ^ turning_VBG to_IN less_QL abortive_JJ attempts_NNS towards_IN F15 75 European_JNP unity_NN *-_*- which_WDTR F15 76 were_BED ,_, incidentally_RB ,_, inspired_VBN by_IN growing_JJ fear_NN F15 76 of_IN Russia_NP *-_*- the_ATI first_OD was_BEDZ F15 77 the_ATI \0US-initiated_JJ organisation_NN for_IN European_JNP F15 77 economic_JJ co-operation_NN F15 78 (_( \0OEEC_NP )_) ._. ^ it_PP3 came_VBD into_IN existence_NN as_QL F15 78 early_RB as_IN 1948_CD in_IN F15 79 connection_NN with_IN the_ATI effort_NN to_TO make_VB the_ATI best_JJT F15 79 possible_JJ use_NN of_IN American_JNP F15 80 Marshal_NPT aid_NN ;_; and_CC it_PP3 led_VBD ,_, in_IN its_PP$ turn_NN F15 80 ,_, to_IN the_ATI creation_NN of_IN the_ATI European_JNP F15 81 payments_NNS union_NN ,_, the_ATI existence_NN of_IN which_WDTR more_AP F15 81 than_IN one_CD1 western_JJ European_JNP F15 82 country_NN has_HVZ to_TO thank_VB for_IN successfully_RB surviving_VBG F15 82 periods_NNS of_IN heavy_JJ F15 83 excess_NN of_IN external_JJ payments_NNS over_IN from-abroad_JJB F15 83 revenues_NNS without_IN coming_VBG F15 84 to_IN financial_JJ grief_NN ._. F15 85 ^ next_RB ,_, and_CC for_IN the_ATI first_OD time_NN bringing_VBG F15 85 the_ATI six_CD countries_NNS together_RB F15 86 which_WDTR now_RN constitute_VB the_ATI European_JNP common_JJ F15 86 market_NN ,_, came_VBD the_ATI European_JNP F15 87 coal_NN and_CC steel_NN community_NN ,_, uniting_VBG the_ATI three_CD F15 87 Benelux_NP nations_NNS ,_, France_NP F15 88 and_CC Italy_NP with_IN West_NP Germany_NP ._. ^ the_ATI underlying_JJ F15 88 motive_NN in_IN this_DT case_NN was_BEDZ F15 89 the_ATI same_AP which_WDTR had_HVD prompted_VBN France's_NP$ first_OD F15 89 enthusiasm_NN for_IN the_ATI F15 90 subsequently_RB rejected_JJ European_JNP defence_NN community_NN :_: F15 90 fear_NN of_IN German_JNP F15 91 resurgence_NN ,_, specifically_RB of_IN the_ATI high_JJ potential_NN F15 91 of_IN the_ATI Ruhr_NP area_NN ._. ^ with_IN F15 92 it_PP3 ,_, something_PN new_JJ entered_VBD upon_IN the_ATI political_JJ F15 92 scene_NN ._. ^ control_NN over_IN the_ATI F15 93 organisation_NN was_BEDZ not_XNOT vested_VBN in_IN an_AT F15 93 international_JJ body_NN subject_NN to_IN any_DTI of_IN F15 94 the_ATI participating_JJ countries'_NNS$ veto_NN ,_, but_CC to_IN a_AT F15 94 supra-national_JJ authority_NN F15 95 entrusted_VBN with_IN power_NN to_TO make_VB and_CC to_TO enforce_VB F15 95 decisions_NNS ._. F15 96 ^ even_RB during_IN the_ATI two_CD years_NNS while_CS France_NP F15 96 was_BEDZ keen_JJ on_IN the_ATI concept_NN of_IN F15 97 the_ATI European_JNP defence_NN community_NN ,_, Britain_NP had_HVD F15 97 disliked_VBN the_ATI implied_JJ F15 98 necessity_NN of_IN a_AT measure_NN of_IN surrender_NN of_IN F15 98 sovereignty_NN ._. ^ although_CS these_DTS F15 99 feelings_NNS were_BED not_XNOT openly_RB expressed_VBN ,_, there_EX F15 99 is_BEZ little_AP doubt_NN that_CS the_ATI F15 100 failure_NN of_IN this_DT particular_JJ idea_NN can_MD be_BE F15 100 attributed_VBN in_RB the_RB" main_RB" to_IN F15 101 British_JNP unwillingness_NN to_TO accept_VB French_JNP leadership_NN F15 101 (_( while_CS France_NP F15 102 advocated_VBD the_ATI creation_NN of_IN the_ATI community_NN )_) and_CC F15 102 to_IN French_JNP unwillingness_NN F15 103 to_TO go_VB on_RP with_IN it_PP3 when_WRB it_PP3 became_VBD obvious_JJ F15 103 that_CS the_ATI community_NN would_MD come_VB F15 104 into_IN existence_NN only_RB if_CS France_NP accepted_VBD to_TO play_VB F15 104 second_OD fiddle_NN ._. F15 105 ^ coal_NN and_CC steel_NN production_NN being_BEG not_XNOT F15 105 directly_RB military_JJ F15 106 matters_NNS ,_, and_CC France_NP being_BEG moreover_RB the_ATI F15 106 biggest_JJT of_IN the_ATI six_CD contracting_JJ F15 107 parties_NNS ,_, acceptance_NN of_IN a_AT supra-national_JJ authority_NN F15 107 did_DOD not_XNOT in_IN this_DT case_NN F15 108 offend_VB French_NNP susceptibilities_NNS ._. ^ on_IN the_ATI F15 108 contrary_NN ,_, Paris_NP was_BEDZ right_JJ in_IN F15 109 seeing_VBG in_IN the_ATI creation_NN of_IN the_ATI community_NN the_ATI F15 109 welcome_JJ gain_NN of_IN control_NN F15 110 over_IN German_JNP coal_NN and_CC steel_NN production_NN ._. ^ as_IN F15 110 for_IN" Britain_NP ,_, she_PP3A had_HVD F15 111 cold-shouldered_VBN the_ATI plan_NN from_IN the_ATI first_OD days_NNS F15 111 of_IN its_PP$ conception_NN by_IN \0M_NPT F15 112 Jean_NP Monnet_NP ._. ^ the_ATI cold-shouldering_NN was_BEDZ done_VBN F15 112 by_IN a_AT labour_NN government_NN ,_, F15 113 but_CC the_ATI conservatives_NNS were_BED all_ABN in_IN favour_NN of_IN F15 113 it_PP3 and_CC of_IN a_AT generally_RB F15 114 welcoming_JJ attitude_NN to_IN European_JNP integration_NN *-_*- as_QL F15 114 long_RB as_CS they_PP3AS were_BED the_ATI F15 115 opposition_NN party_NN ._. ^ another_DT dividing_JJ factor_NN F15 115 between_IN this_DT country_NN and_CC F15 116 its_PP$ continental_JJ wartime_NN allies_NNS and_CC associates_NNS F15 116 was_BEDZ atomic_JJ research_NN ._. F15 117 ^ so_RB ,_, while_CS the_ATI United_NP Kingdom_NPL ,_, having_HVG F15 117 become_VBN an_AT atomic_JJ power_NN ,_, F15 118 pursued_VBD its_PP$ own_AP version_NN of_IN European_JNP unification_NN F15 118 endeavour_NN through_IN the_ATI F15 119 western_JJ European_JNP union_NN *-_*- a_AT substitute_NN for_IN F15 119 the_ATI rejected_JJ European_JNP F15 120 defence_NN community_NN created_VBN rather_RB in_IN haste_NN under_IN F15 120 the_ATI threat_NN of_IN an_AT F15 121 American_JNP *'_*' re-appraisal_NN **'_**' of_IN Washington_NP F15 121 policy_NN with_IN regard_NN to_IN the_ATI F15 122 wartime_NN allies_NNS *-_*- and_CC by_IN means_IN" of_IN" the_ATI F15 122 Maudling_NP committee_NN ,_, the_ATI six_CD F15 123 nations_NNS of_IN the_ATI coal_NN and_CC steel_NN community_NN drew_VBD F15 123 closer_RBR together_RB ._. ^ they_PP3AS F15 124 combined_VBD their_PP$ atomic_JJ efforts_NNS in_IN \0EURATOM_NP and_CC F15 124 signed_VBD the_ATI Rome_NP F15 125 treaty_NN ,_, thereby_RB laying_VBG down_RP the_ATI principles_NNS F15 125 of_IN the_ATI European_JNP common_JJ F15 126 market_NN ._. F15 127 ^ in_IN self_NN defence_NN ,_, Britain_NP took_VBD the_ATI lead_NN F15 127 in_IN creating_VBG \0EFTA_NP ,_, F15 128 the_ATI European_JNP free_JJ trade_NN association_NN ._. ^ this_DT F15 128 completed_VBD the_ATI split_NN ,_, and_CC F15 129 whether_CS looked_VBN at_IN from_IN the_ATI viewpoint_NN of_IN that_DT F15 129 time_NN or_CC of_IN the_ATI present_NN ,_, F15 130 it_PP3 can_MD be_BE seen_VBN to_TO have_HV been_BEN inevitable_JJ ._. ^ F15 130 none_PN of_IN the_ATI continental_JJ F15 131 countries_NNS had_HVD its_PP$ freedom_NN of_IN action_NN limited_VBN F15 131 by_IN the_ATI kind_NN of_IN obligations_NNS F15 132 imposed_VBN on_IN Britain_NP by_IN the_ATI British_JNP commonwealth_NN F15 132 ,_, and_CC the_ATI United_NP Kingdom_NPL F15 133 could_MD not_XNOT disregard_VB them_PP3OS ._. F15 134 ^ with_IN 378_CD pages_NNS in_IN the_ATI English_JNP text_NN ,_, F15 134 the_ATI treaty_NN governing_VBG the_ATI F15 135 common_JJ market_NN is_BEZ obviously_RB too_QL long_JJ for_IN F15 135 detailed_JJ study_NN here_RN ._. ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ F15 136 divided_VBN into_IN six_CD chapters_NNS the_ATI last_AP two_CD of_IN F15 136 which_WDTR ,_, concerned_VBN with_IN F15 137 organisational_JJ matters_NNS ,_, protocol_NN ,_, \0etc_RB ,_, are_BER F15 137 of_IN little_AP interest_NN to_IN F15 138 this_DT study_NN ._. ^ the_ATI first_OD chapter_NN states_VBZ the_ATI F15 138 aim_NN of_IN establishing_VBG F15 139 *'_*' harmonious_JJ development_NN **'_**' and_CC a_AT common_JJ F15 139 market_NN ,_, and_CC of_IN F15 140 *'_*' progressively_RB approximating_VBG the_ATI economic_JJ F15 140 policies_NNS of_IN the_ATI member_NN F15 141 states_NNS ._. **'_**' ^ part_NN 2_CD provides_VBZ for_IN a_AT F15 141 customs_NNS union_NN ,_, the_ATI abolition_NN of_IN F15 142 internal_JJ tariffs_NNS and_CC quotas_NNS ,_, a_AT common_JJ F15 142 agricultural_JJ policy_NN ,_, freedom_NN of_IN F15 143 movement_NN for_IN persons_NNS ,_, services_NNS and_CC capital_NN ,_, F15 143 and_CC a_AT harmonised_JJ transport_NN F15 144 system_NN ._. ^ the_ATI third_OD chapter_NN lays_VBZ down_RP common_JJ F15 144 rules_NNS of_IN competition_NN ,_, F15 145 deals_VBZ with_IN the_ATI co-ordination_NN of_IN economic_JJ F15 145 policies_NNS ,_, harmonised_JJ features_NNS F15 146 of_IN social_JJ policy_NN and_CC the_ATI establishment_NN of_IN a_AT F15 146 European_JNP investment_NN bank_NN ._. F15 147 ^ chapter_NN 4_CD associates_VBZ former_AP and_CC present_JJ F15 147 colonial_JJ territories_NNS of_IN the_ATI F15 148 six_CD parties_NNS with_IN the_ATI community_NN ._. ^ no_ATI F15 148 further_JJB explanations_NNS are_BER needed_VBN to_TO F15 149 realise_VB the_ATI closeness_NN of_IN the_ATI association_NN and_CC F15 149 to_TO gain_VB a_AT first_OD F15 150 impression_NN of_IN the_ATI difficulty_NN of_IN fitting_VBG the_ATI F15 150 United_NP Kingdom_NPL into_IN it_PP3 ._. F15 151 ^ for_IN the_ATI benefit_NN of_IN those_DTS who_WPR are_BER not_XNOT F15 151 studious_JJ readers_NNS of_IN F15 152 international_JJ developments_NNS it_PP3 may_MD be_BE useful_JJ to_TO F15 152 begin_VB by_IN recalling_VBG the_ATI F15 153 names_NNS of_IN the_ATI countries_NNS composing_VBG the_ATI \0EFTA_NP F15 153 ._. ^ they_PP3AS are_BER :_: the_ATI F15 154 United_NP Kingdom_NPL ,_, Sweden_NP ,_, Norway_NP ,_, Denmark_NP ,_, F15 154 Austria_NP ,_, Portugal_NP and_CC F15 155 Switzerland_NP ._. ^ and_CC we_PP1AS may_MD also_RB note_VB that_DT F15 155 from_IN the_ATI first_OD day_NN onwards_RB of_IN F15 156 talk_NN about_IN western_JJ European_JNP unification_NN British_JNP F15 156 thinking_NN always_RB went_VBD F15 157 along_IN the_ATI lines_NNS of_IN trying_VBG to_TO create_VB a_AT F15 157 great_JJ area_NN of_IN unrestricted_JJ F15 158 trading_NN ;_; but_CC this_DT conception_NN did_DOD not_XNOT include_VB F15 158 agriculture_NN nor_CC any_DTI of_IN F15 159 the_ATI other_AP *'_*' harmonisations_NNS **'_**' of_IN internal_JJ F15 159 policies_NNS aimed_VBN at_IN by_IN the_ATI F15 160 nations_NNS which_WDTR finalised_VBD their_PP$ decisions_NNS in_IN F15 160 the_ATI Rome_NP treaty_NN ._. F15 161 ^ in_IN spite_IN" of_IN" the_ATI fact_NN that_CS the_ATI British_JNP F15 161 attitude_NN has_HVZ become_VBN F15 162 modified_VBN to_IN some_DTI extent_NN on_IN the_ATI subject_NN of_IN F15 162 agriculture_NN ,_, it_PP3 is_BEZ not_XNOT F15 163 difficult_JJ to_TO see_VB that_CS the_ATI difference_NN between_IN F15 163 the_ATI two_CD conceptions_NNS F15 164 remains_VBZ very_QL great_JJ ._. ^ and_CC if_CS there_EX were_BED F15 164 room_NN here_RN for_IN a_AT detailed_JJ F15 165 consideration_NN of_IN all_ABN that_WPR is_BEZ implied_VBN in_IN F15 165 the_ATI provisions_NNS of_IN parts_NNS 2_CD F15 166 and_CC 3_CD of_IN the_ATI Rome_NP treaty_NN ,_, it_PP3 would_MD F15 166 quickly_RB become_VB evident_JJ that_CS the_ATI F15 167 difficulties_NNS of_IN bringing_VBG the_ATI two_CD conceptions_NNS F15 167 together_RB are_BER even_RB greater_JJR F15 168 than_CS appears_VBZ at_IN first_OD sight_NN ._. F15 169 ^ part_NN 4_CD makes_VBZ matters_NNS even_RB worse_JJR ._. ^ the_ATI F15 169 United_NP Kingdom_NPL ,_, even_CS if_CS" F15 170 it_PP3 wanted_VBD to_TO ,_, has_HVZ no_ATI power_NN or_CC authority_NN F15 170 to_TO commit_VB the_ATI countries_NNS of_IN the_ATI F15 171 commonwealth_NN to_IN anything_PN ;_; and_CC the_ATI mere_JJB F15 171 mention_NN of_IN internal_JJ F15 172 commonwealth_NN differences_NNS in_IN wages_NNS and_CC living_NN F15 172 standards_NNS ,_, levels_NNS of_IN F15 173 productivity_NN ,_, of_IN educational_JJ and_CC technological_JJ F15 173 attainment_NN ,_, and_CC of_IN the_ATI F15 174 problems_NNS involved_VBN in_IN the_ATI provisions_NNS of_IN the_ATI F15 174 second_OD chapter_NN of_IN the_ATI Rome_NP F15 175 treaty_NN is_BEZ sufficient_JJ to_TO show_VB that_CS those_DTS who_WPR F15 175 declare_VB British_JNP membership_NN F15 176 of_IN the_ATI European_JNP common_JJ market_NN to_TO be_BE F15 176 incompatible_JJ with_IN continuance_NN of_IN F15 177 the_ATI British_JNP commonwealth_NN are_BER not_XNOT completely_RB F15 177 mad_JJ ._. ^ yet_RB a_AT solution_NN must_MD F15 178 somehow_RB be_BE found_VBN if_CS western_JJ Europe_NP is_BEZ not_XNOT F15 178 to_TO be_BE split_VBN into_IN two_CD F15 179 competitive_JJ camps_NNS ,_, with_IN every_AT prospect_NN of_IN F15 179 growing_JJ rivalry_NN ._. F15 180 ^ after_IN protracted_JJ endeavours_NNS to_TO find_VB one_CD1 or_CC F15 180 another_DT kind_NN of_IN basis_NN F15 181 of_IN negotiation_NN ,_, the_ATI present_JJ situation_NN is_BEZ that_CS F15 181 the_ATI common_JJ market_NN and_CC F15 182 the_ATI free_JJ trade_NN association_NN *-_*- though_CS neither_DTX F15 182 of_IN them_PP3OS as_RB yet_RB" fully_RB F15 183 operative_JJ *-_*- face_VB one_PPLS another_PPLS" as_IN not_XNOT too_QL F15 183 friendly_JJ strangers_NNS ._. ^ many_AP F15 184 people_NNS even_RB in_IN Britain_NP think_VB that_CS this_DT is_BEZ F15 184 largely_RB our_PP$ own_AP fault_NN ,_, F15 185 because_CS we_PP1AS have_HV never_RB at_IN any_DTI time_NN been_BEN F15 185 decisive_JJ or_CC one-minded_JJ in_IN our_PP$ F15 186 attitude_NN ,_, vacillating_VBG between_IN *'_*' come_VB and_CC F15 186 tempt_VB me_PP1O **'_**' and_CC *'_*' only_RB on_IN my_PP$ F15 187 special_JJ terms_NNS ._. **'_**' F15 188 ^ on_IN the_ATI continental_JJ side_NN ,_, as_CS was_BEDZ and_CC F15 188 is_BEZ to_TO be_BE expected_VBN ,_, France_NP F15 189 attaches_VBZ least_AP ,_, and_CC Holland_NP most_AP ,_, importance_NN F15 189 to_IN bringing_VBG the_ATI common_JJ F15 190 market_NN and_CC the_ATI free_JJ trade_NN association_NN together_RB F15 190 in_IN one_CD1 unit_NN ._. ^ with_IN F15 191 productivity_NN rising_VBG faster_RBR in_IN the_ATI common_JJ market_NN F15 191 countries_NNS than_CS in_IN F15 192 Britain_NP ,_, and_CC Britain's_NP$ prospects_NNS for_IN the_ATI F15 192 future_NN ,_, moreover_RB ,_, adversely_RB F15 193 influenced_VBN as_CS the_ATI provisions_NNS of_IN the_ATI Rome_NP F15 193 treaty_NN will_MD become_VB effective_JJ ,_, F15 194 it_PP3 has_HVZ recently_RB become_VBN necessary_JJ for_IN the_ATI F15 194 United_NP Kingdom_NPL to_TO take_VB the_ATI F15 195 initiative_NN towards_IN unambiguous_JJ negotiation_NN with_IN the_ATI F15 195 six_CD ,_, the_ATI first_OD F15 196 step_NN in_IN this_DT direction_NN being_BEG ,_, as_CS F15 196 circumstances_NNS will_MD have_HV it_PP3 ,_, a_AT plain_JJ F15 197 application_NN for_IN membership_NN ._. ^ this_DT ,_, let_VB it_PP3 F15 197 be_BE recalled_VBN ,_, was_BEDZ made_VBN at_IN F15 198 Brussels_NP on_IN August_NR 10_CD ,_, and_CC on_IN the_ATI same_AP F15 198 day_NN Denmark_NP also_RB applied_VBD ._. F16 2 ^ what_WDT would_MD you_PP2 do_DO with_IN Middlesex_NP ?_? F16 4 ^ the_ATI term_NN *'_*' merger_NC **'_**' in_IN London_NP labour_NN F16 4 circles_NNS does_DOZ not_XNOT refer_VB F16 5 to_IN financial_JJ alliances_NNS or_CC newspaper_NN closures_NNS ,_, F16 5 it_PP3 refers_VBZ to_IN the_ATI joining_NN F16 6 of_IN Middlesex_NP with_IN London_NP in_IN the_ATI London_NP labour_NN F16 6 party_NN back_RP in_IN 1951_CD ._. F16 7 ^ prior_RB to_IN 1951_CD ,_, the_ATI Middlesex_NP constituency_NN F16 7 labour_NN parties_NNS were_BED F16 8 organised_VBN in_IN the_ATI southern_JJ region_NN of_IN the_ATI F16 8 labour_NN party_NN ._. ^ the_ATI London_NP F16 9 labour_NN party_NN concerned_VBD itself_PPL only_RB with_IN the_ATI F16 9 administrative_JJ county_NN of_IN F16 10 London_NP ._. F16 11 ^ at_IN a_AT special_JJ conference_NN of_IN the_ATI London_NP F16 11 labour_NN party_NN held_VBN on_IN F16 12 December_NR 21_CD ,_, 1950_CD ,_, it_PP3 was_BEDZ agreed_VBN by_IN a_AT F16 12 large_JJ majority_NN that_CS Middlesex_NP ,_, F16 13 if_CS it_PP3 so_PN wished_VBD ,_, should_MD in_IN future_NN be_BE F16 13 associated_VBN with_IN the_ATI London_NP labour_NN F16 14 party_NN ._. ^ with_IN only_RB two_CD dissentients_NNS the_ATI F16 14 Middlesex_NP parties_NNS supported_VBD the_ATI F16 15 proposed_JJ merger_NN at_IN a_AT further_JJB conference_NN held_VBN F16 15 on_IN January_NR 30_CD ,_, 1951_CD ._. F16 16 ^ the_ATI rules_NNS and_CC standing_JJ orders_NNS of_IN the_ATI F16 16 party_NN were_BED amended_VBN to_TO meet_VB F16 17 the_ATI new_JJ situation_NN ._. ^ special_JJ provision_NN was_BEDZ F16 17 made_VBN to_TO preserve_VB certain_JJ F16 18 rights_NNS for_IN Middlesex_NP on_IN purely_RB Middlesex_NP matters_NNS F16 18 ._. F16 19 ^ at_IN the_ATI annual_JJ conference_NN ,_, the_ATI delegates_NNS F16 19 representing_VBG Middlesex_NP F16 20 parties_NNS held_VBD a_AT special_JJ voting_NN card_NN and_CC F16 20 certain_JJ issues_NNS were_BED discussed_VBN F16 21 and_CC decided_VBN only_RB by_IN the_ATI Middlesex_NP parties_NNS ._. ^ F16 21 a_AT Middlesex_NP county_NN F16 22 committee_NN was_BEDZ set_VBN up_RP as_IN a_AT sub-committee_NN of_IN F16 22 the_ATI executive_NN ._. F16 23 ^ teething_NN troubles_NNS ._. F16 24 ^ the_ATI merger_NN brought_VBD its_PP$ problems_NNS ._. ^ no_PN F16 24 one_PN" would_MD deny_VB that_DT ._. ^ but_CC F16 25 gradually_RB the_ATI teething_NN troubles_NNS abated_VBD and_CC by_IN F16 25 1960_CD ,_, the_ATI executive_NN went_VBD F16 26 to_IN annual_JJ conference_NN with_IN successful_JJ proposals_NNS to_TO F16 26 amend_VB again_RB the_ATI F16 27 rules_NNS and_CC standing_JJ orders_NNS which_WDTR governed_VBD F16 27 voting_NN procedure_NN ._. F16 28 ^ the_ATI special_JJ provisions_NNS which_WDTR allowed_VBD for_IN F16 28 the_ATI conference_NN to_TO be_BE F16 29 split_VBN up_RP (_( not_XNOT split_VBN )_) into_IN London_NP and_CC F16 29 Middlesex_NP sections_NNS ,_, were_BED swept_VBN F16 30 away_RP ._. ^ the_ATI party_NN in_IN London_NP and_CC Middlesex_NP F16 30 had_HVD become_VBN pretty_RB well_RB F16 31 integrated_VBN ._. F16 32 ^ in_IN 1958_CD ,_, arising_VBG from_IN the_ATI Wilson_NP F16 32 committee_NN on_IN party_NN organisation_NN ,_, F16 33 a_AT proposal_NN was_BEDZ put_VBN forward_RB by_IN the_ATI national_JJ F16 33 executive_JJ committee_NN to_TO set_VB F16 34 up_RP a_AT regional_JJ council_NN for_IN the_ATI \0Beds_NP ,_, F16 34 \0Bucks_NP ,_, \0Berks_NP ,_, \0Herts_NP ,_, F16 35 Middlesex_NP and_CC Oxfordshire_NP area_NN ._. F16 36 ^ Middlesex_NP parties_NNS would_MD be_BE severed_VBN from_IN F16 36 London_NP and_CC become_VB part_NN of_IN F16 37 a_AT new_JJ set-up_NN ._. F16 38 ^ at_IN the_ATI 44th_OD London_NP labour_NN party_NN conference_NN F16 38 in_IN 1958_CD ,_, a_AT motion_NN F16 39 tabled_VBN by_IN the_ATI Enfield_NP labour_NN party_NN was_BEDZ F16 39 carried_VBN as_CS follows_VBZ :_: *-_*- F16 41 ^ *'_*' this_DT conference_NN urges_VBZ upon_IN the_ATI national_JJ F16 41 executive_JJ committee_NN F16 42 that_CS no_ATI useful_JJ purpose_NN would_MD be_BE served_VBN by_IN F16 42 the_ATI severing_NN of_IN Middlesex_NP F16 43 parties_NNS from_IN the_ATI London_NP labour_NN party_NN ._. **'_**' F16 45 ^ now_RN it_PP3 is_BEZ significant_JJ that_CS this_DT motion_NN F16 45 was_BEDZ tabled_VBN by_IN a_AT party_NN F16 46 which_WDTR lies_VBZ on_IN the_ATI most_QL northerly_JJ extremity_NN F16 46 of_IN Middlesex_NP and_CC borders_VBZ on_RP F16 47 to_IN Hertfordshire_NP ._. F16 48 ^ the_ATI London_NP labour_NN party_NN and_CC the_ATI F16 48 constituency_NN labour_NN parties_NNS in_IN F16 49 Middlesex_NP by_IN a_AT very_QL large_JJ majority_NN opposed_VBD F16 49 the_ATI proposed_JJ separation_NN of_IN F16 50 Middlesex_NP from_IN London_NP ._. ^ the_ATI mutually_RB beneficial_JJ F16 50 effects_NNS of_IN the_ATI merger_NN F16 51 were_BED by_IN this_DT time_NN apparent_JJ ._. F16 52 ^ as_IN a_AT result_NN of_IN our_PP$ opposition_NN ,_, the_ATI F16 52 national_JJ executive_NN abandoned_VBD F16 53 its_PP$ earlier_JJR idea_NN and_CC decided_VBD to_TO leave_VB F16 53 Middlesex_NP with_IN the_ATI London_NP labour_NN F16 54 party_NN but_CC to_TO set_VB up_RP a_AT regional_JJ organising_JJ F16 54 area_NN covering_VBG the_ATI same_AP area_NN F16 55 as_CS proposed_VBN for_IN the_ATI regional_JJ council_NN ,_, which_WDTR F16 55 council_NN has_HVZ not_XNOT been_BEN F16 56 established_VBN ._. F16 57 ^ in_IN consequence_NN ,_, constituency_NN labour_NN parties_NNS F16 57 in_IN Middlesex_NP now_RN have_HV F16 58 to_TO look_VB to_IN Hemel_NP Hempstead_NP on_IN party_NN F16 58 organisation_NN questions_NNS and_CC to_IN the_ATI F16 59 London_NP labour_NN party_NN on_IN other_AP matters_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI F16 59 present_JJ situation_NN has_HVZ many_AP F16 60 defects_NNS ._. F16 61 ^ deputation_NN ._. F16 62 ^ organisation_NN ,_, policy_NN and_CC party_NN administration_NN F16 62 can_MD not_XNOT easily_RB be_BE F16 63 separated_VBN ._. ^ there_EX is_BEZ confusion_NN in_IN the_ATI F16 63 Middlesex_NP parties_NNS as_IN to_IN" who_WP F16 64 should_MD do_DO what_WDT ._. F16 65 ^ take_VB the_ATI recent_JJ Middlesex_NP county_NN council_NN F16 65 election_NN ._. ^ the_ATI policy_NN on_IN F16 66 which_WDTR the_ATI election_NN is_BEZ fought_VBN is_BEZ the_ATI F16 66 responsibility_NN of_IN the_ATI London_NP F16 67 labour_NN party_NN executive_NN ,_, the_ATI production_NN of_IN F16 67 posters_NNS ,_, leaflets_NNS and_CC that_DT F16 68 kind_NN of_IN thing_NN is_BEZ undertaken_VBN by_IN the_ATI executive_NN F16 68 and_CC the_ATI payment_NN of_IN grants_NNS F16 69 to_IN parties_NNS in_IN need_NN is_BEZ another_DT job_NN for_IN the_ATI F16 69 London_NP labour_NN party_NN ._. F16 70 ^ but_CC where_WRB do_DO you_PP2 draw_VB the_ATI line_NN between_IN F16 70 producing_VBG the_ATI policy_NN and_CC F16 71 the_ATI propaganda_NN points_NNS and_CC selling_VBG them_PP3OS to_IN F16 71 the_ATI party_NN and_CC the_ATI electors_NNS ?_? F16 72 ^ twelve_CD months_NNS ago_RB a_AT deputation_NN met_VBD the_ATI F16 72 representative_NN of_IN the_ATI F16 73 national_JJ executive_NN and_CC pressed_VBD for_IN a_AT review_NN of_IN F16 73 the_ATI present_JJ Middlesex_NP F16 74 set-up_NN so_CS that_CS" the_ATI inherent_JJ difficulties_NNS in_IN F16 74 the_ATI structure_NN could_MD be_BE F16 75 overcome_VBN in_IN readiness_NN for_IN the_ATI Middlesex_NP election_NN F16 75 ._. F16 76 ^ following_IN a_AT resolution_NN carried_VBN at_IN the_ATI F16 76 annual_JJ conference_NN in_IN F16 77 February_NR this_DT year_NN pressing_VBG for_IN an_AT organiser_NN F16 77 for_IN Middlesex_NP ,_, and_CC F16 78 following_IN a_AT resolution_NN of_IN the_ATI executive_NN in_IN May_NR F16 78 pressing_VBG for_IN more_QL F16 79 effective_JJ machinery_NN in_IN Middlesex_NP ,_, Bob_NP Mellish_NP ,_, F16 79 Joe_NP Barrow_NP ,_, \0Mrs_NPT F16 80 Forbes_NP and_CC I_PP1A met_VBD the_ATI Chairman_NPT of_IN the_ATI F16 80 organisation_NN sub-committee_NN of_IN the_ATI F16 81 national_JJ executive_JJ committee_NN and_CC the_ATI national_JJ F16 81 agent_NN for_IN a_AT very_QL full_JJ F16 82 and_CC frank_JJ discussion_NN on_IN the_ATI party_NN structure_NN in_IN F16 82 Middlesex_NP ._. ^ we_PP1AS await_VB F16 83 the_ATI outcome_NN of_IN that_DT meeting_NN ._. F16 84 ^ royal_JJ commission_NN ._. F16 85 ^ the_ATI difficulties_NNS facing_VBG the_ATI national_JJ F16 85 executive_NN are_BER recognised_VBN ._. F16 86 ^ there_EX is_BEZ not_XNOT a_AT lot_NN of_IN money_NN available_JJ F16 86 for_IN the_ATI appointment_NN of_IN an_AT F16 87 additional_JJ organiser_NN whose_WP$R responsibilities_NNS would_MD F16 87 be_BE entirely_RB F16 88 devoted_VBN to_IN Middlesex_NP affairs_NNS ._. F16 89 ^ the_ATI report_NN of_IN the_ATI royal_JJ commission_NN is_BEZ F16 89 out_RP and_CC we_PP1AS all_ABN await_VB some_DTI F16 90 indication_NN of_IN the_ATI government's_NN$ policy_NN on_IN local_JJ F16 90 government_NN in_IN greater_JJR F16 91 London_NP ._. F16 92 ^ the_ATI structure_NN of_IN the_ATI party_NN would_MD inevitably_RB F16 92 bear_VB some_DTI F16 93 relationship_NN to_IN the_ATI outline_NN of_IN local_JJ government_NN F16 93 in_IN the_ATI area_NN if_CS F16 94 there_EX should_MD be_BE changes_NNS ._. ^ so_RB ,_, the_ATI F16 94 national_JJ executive_NN is_BEZ inhibited_VBN F16 95 from_IN embarking_VBG on_IN a_AT long_JJ term_NN solution_NN to_IN F16 95 the_ATI Middlesex_NP problem_NN F16 96 pending_IN the_ATI outcome_NN of_IN the_ATI royal_JJ commission_NN F16 96 report_NN ._. F16 97 ^ on_IN the_ATI other_AP hand_NN we_PP1AS can_MD not_XNOT F16 97 postpone_VB the_ATI Middlesex_NP question_NN F16 98 indefinitely_RB ._. ^ a_AT general_JJ election_NN could_MD well_RB F16 98 be_BE with_IN us_PP1OS before_CS the_ATI F16 99 shape_NN of_IN local_JJ government_NN in_IN greater_JJR London_NP F16 99 is_BEZ settled_VBN ._. ^ and_CC we_PP1AS can_MD not_XNOT F16 100 blandly_RB assume_VB that_CS the_ATI \0L.C.C_NP and_CC the_ATI F16 100 Middlesex_NP county_NN council_NN F16 101 are_BER doomed_VBN to_TO disappear_VB ._. F16 102 ^ the_ATI northern_JJ home_NR counties_NNS idea_NN has_HVZ not_XNOT F16 102 worked_VBN ._. ^ the_ATI Middlesex_NP F16 103 parties_NNS feel_VB no_ATI pull_NN towards_IN their_PP$ F16 103 comparatively_RB rural_JJ neighbours_NNS ._. F16 104 ^ the_ATI closer_JJR community_NN of_IN interest_NN ,_, the_ATI F16 104 lines_NNS of_IN communication_NN ,_, the_ATI F16 105 social_JJ and_CC economic_JJ factors_NNS are_BER all_ABN much_RB F16 105 more_QL akin_JJ to_IN London_NP ._. F16 106 ^ the_ATI case_NN for_IN having_HVG Middlesex_NP as_IN a_AT F16 106 strong_JJ trade_NN union_NN and_CC F16 107 industrial_JJ base_NN for_IN a_AT new_JJ regional_JJ council_NN F16 107 was_BEDZ demolished_VBN when_WRB the_ATI F16 108 idea_NN of_IN a_AT new_JJ regional_JJ council_NN for_IN the_ATI six_CD F16 108 northern_JJ home_NR counties_NNS was_BEDZ F16 109 abandoned_VBN ._. F16 110 ^ the_ATI justification_NN for_IN keeping_VBG Middlesex_NP in_IN F16 110 the_ATI little_JJ six_CD is_BEZ F16 111 really_RB to_TO maintain_VB some_DTI paper-equality_NN of_IN F16 111 numbers_NNS of_IN constituencies_NNS in_IN F16 112 each_DT region_NN or_CC organising_JJ area_NN ._. F16 113 ^ what_WDT about_IN alternatives_NNS ?_? ^ one_CD1 solution_NN F16 113 would_MD be_BE to_TO revert_VB to_IN the_ATI F16 114 pre-1959_JJB position_NN in_IN which_WDTR Middlesex_NP would_MD be_BE F16 114 re-integrated_VBN with_IN F16 115 London_NP ._. F16 116 ^ the_ATI difficulty_NN here_RN is_BEZ that_CS such_ABL a_AT F16 116 solution_NN would_MD not_XNOT give_VB F16 117 Middlesex_NP a_AT full-time_JJB field_NN man_NN working_VBG F16 117 exclusively_RB in_IN Middlesex_NP ._. F16 118 ^ Middlesex_NP is_BEZ a_AT marginal_JJ County_NPL and_CC needs_VBZ F16 118 County-wide_JJ F16 119 *'_*' marginal_JJ **'_**' treatment_NN ._. ^ Middlesex_NP needs_VBZ F16 119 to_TO nurture_VB a_AT Middlesex_NP F16 120 consciousness_NN and_CC County_NPL pride_NN ._. ^ the_ATI political_JJ F16 120 parties_NNS have_HV a_AT heavy_JJ F16 121 responsibility_NN in_IN this_DT direction_NN ._. F16 122 ^ Middlesex_NP is_BEZ a_AT very_QL important_JJ urban_JJ County_NPL F16 122 ._. ^ the_ATI national_JJ F16 123 executive_NN recognised_VBD this_DT when_WRB it_PP3 proposed_VBD to_TO F16 123 include_VB Middlesex_NP in_IN the_ATI F16 124 new_JJ region_NN ._. F16 125 ^ another_DT solution_NN ,_, drastic_JJ and_CC perhaps_RB not_XNOT F16 125 immediately_RB favoured_VBN F16 126 would_MD be_BE to_TO sever_VB Middlesex_NP from_IN the_ATI London_NP F16 126 labour_NN party_NN and_CC set_VBD up_RP a_AT F16 127 Middlesex_NP labour_NN party_NN along_IN similar_JJ lines_NNS to_IN F16 127 the_ATI London_NP labour_NN party_NN ._. F16 128 ^ there_EX are_BER ,_, of_RB course_RB" ,_, obvious_JJ financial_JJ F16 128 problems_NNS attaching_VBG to_IN F16 129 this_DT proposal_NN but_CC they_PP3AS would_MD have_HV to_TO be_BE F16 129 resolved_VBN ._. F16 130 ^ or_CC ,_, a_AT Middlesex_NP federation_NN of_IN labour_NN F16 130 parties_NNS working_VBG within_IN a_AT F16 131 regional_JJ council_NN covering_VBG the_ATI northern_JJ home_NR F16 131 counties_NNS might_MD be_BE F16 132 considered_VBN as_IN a_AT possible_JJ solution_NN ._. F16 133 ^ the_ATI London_NP labour_NN party_NN executive_NN and_CC its_PP$ F16 133 Middlesex_NP county_NN F16 134 committee_NN are_BER much_RB concerned_JJ about_IN the_ATI whole_JJ F16 134 thorny_JJ problem_NN ._. F16 135 ^ we_PP1AS must_MD all_ABN of_IN us_PP1OS examine_VB the_ATI F16 135 question_NN on_IN the_ATI basis_NN of_IN ~ *'_*' what_WDT is_BEZ F16 136 likely_JJ to_TO be_BE best_JJT for_IN the_ATI party_NN **'_**' and_CC F16 136 not_XNOT on_IN ~ *'_*' how_WRB best_RBT can_MD we_PP1AS have_HV F16 137 what_WDT we_PP1AS hold_VB ._. **'_**' F16 138 ^ a_AT labour_NN Middlesex_NP county_NN council_NN is_BEZ just_RB F16 138 as_QL desirable_JJ as_IN a_AT F16 139 labour_NN \0L.C.C_NP ._. ^ the_ATI recapture_NN of_IN Middlesex_NP F16 139 in_IN 1964_CD will_MD bring_VB joy_NN F16 140 to_IN the_ATI many_AP friends_NNS of_IN Middlesex_NP in_IN London_NP F16 140 ._. F16 141 ^ but_CC we_PP1AS must_MD plan_VB and_CC devise_VB the_ATI means_NN F16 141 of_IN that_DT victory_NN now_RN ._. F16 142 ^ midsummer_NN of_IN 1963_CD will_MD be_BE two_CD years_NNS too_QL F16 142 late_JJ ._. F16 143 ^ inside_IN County_NPL Hall_NPL with_IN Hazel_NP Rose_NP ._. F16 144 ^ are_BER we_PP1AS such_ABL bores_NNS ?_? F16 145 ^ it_PP3 may_MD be_BE pure_JJ coincidence_NN ,_, but_CC in_IN F16 145 the_ATI last_AP few_AP weeks_NNS ,_, a_AT F16 146 number_NN of_IN people_NNS have_HV asked_VBN me_PP1O *'_*' whatever_WDT F16 146 makes_VBZ you_PP2 interested_JJ in_IN F16 147 local_JJ government_NN ?_? *-_*- it_PP3 's_BEZ so_QL dull_JJ !_! F16 147 **'_**' F16 148 ^ an_AT image_NN of_IN drains_NNS ,_, slums_NNS ,_, endless_JJ F16 148 committees_NNS ,_, innumerable_JJ F16 149 housing_NN cases_NNS ,_, bureaucratic_JJ control_NN ,_, is_BEZ F16 149 seemingly_RB evoked_VBN in_IN the_ATI mind_NN F16 150 of_IN the_ATI average_JJ citizen_NN ,_, when_WRB surveying_VBG the_ATI F16 150 scene_NN ._. ^ a_AT councillor_NN is_BEZ a_AT F16 151 worthy_JJ *'_*' do-gooder_NN ._. **'_**' ^ somewhat_RB limited_JJ ,_, F16 151 always_RB elderly_JJ ,_, and_CC usually_RB F16 152 a_AT bore_NN !_! F16 153 ^ to_TO be_BE acceptable_JJ to_IN the_ATI general_JJ public_NN as_IN F16 153 a_AT politician_NN ,_, one_CD1 must_MD F16 154 be_BE able_JJ to_TO converse_VB fluently_RB and_CC intelligently_RB F16 154 on_IN atom_NN bombs_NNS ,_, F16 155 apartheid_NN ,_, Algiers_NP ,_, the_ATI African_JNP problem_NN ,_, F16 155 or_CC the_ATI general_JJ prevailing_JJ F16 156 economic_JJ situation_NN ._. F16 157 ^ just_RB to_TO be_BE acceptable_JJ *-_*- one_CD1 should_MD F16 157 always_RB refer_VB to_IN Hugh_NP ,_, Frank_NP ,_, F16 158 Michael_NP or_CC Herbert_NP :_: and_CC relate_VB the_ATI latest_JJT F16 158 anecdote_NN reflecting_VBG a_AT F16 159 particular_JJ facet_NN of_IN the_ATI personality_NN of_IN these_DTS F16 159 better_RBR known_JJ gentlemen_NNS *-_*- F16 160 and_CC one's_CD1$ own_AP intimate_JJ connections_NNS with_IN *'_*' F16 160 the_ATI top_JJB people_NNS ._. **'_**' F16 161 ^ otherwise_RB it_PP3 might_MD not_XNOT easily_RB be_BE F16 161 recognised_VBN that_CS one's_CD1$ true_JJ F16 162 ambitions_NNS lie_VB *'_*' across_IN the_ATI river_NN ,_, **'_**' F16 162 and_CC that_CS local_JJ government_NN is_BEZ F16 163 merely_RB a_AT lay-by_NN ,_, on_IN the_ATI road_NN to_IN Westminster_NP F16 163 ._. F16 164 ^ if_CS it_PP3 is_BEZ suspected_VBN that_CS this_DT is_BEZ not_XNOT F16 164 the_ATI case_NN ,_, then_RN one_CD1 is_BEZ hastily_RB F16 165 dismissed_VBN as_IN a_AT crank_NN ,_, and_CC an_AT oddity_NN *-_*- F16 165 and_CC ignored_VBN from_IN then_RN onwards_RB ._. F16 166 ^ why_WRB ?_? ^ what_WDT is_BEZ it_PP3 that_WPR makes_VBZ people_NNS F16 166 look_VB upon_IN local_JJ government_NN as_CS F16 167 dull_JJ ,_, unexciting_JJ ,_, and_CC unrewarding_JJ ?_? ^ and_CC F16 167 the_ATI people_NNS involved_VBN ,_, as_IN F16 168 failures_NNS in_IN the_ATI *'_*' grand_JJ national_NN **'_**' F16 168 stakes_NNS *-_*- or_CC just_RB non-starters_NNS ?_? F16 169 ^ an_AT Englishman's_NNP$ home_NR is_BEZ his_PP$ castle_NN *-_*- F16 169 to_IN a_AT Londoner_NNP it_PP3 's_BEZ more_QL F16 170 likely_JJ to_TO be_BE an_AT \0L.C.C_NP flat_NN or_CC perhaps_RB the_ATI F16 170 prospect_NN of_IN one_CD1 ._. ^ but_CC F16 171 either_DTX way_NN ,_, where_WRB he_PP3A lives_VBZ ,_, how_WRB he_PP3A F16 171 lives_VBZ ,_, what_WDT rent_NN he_PP3A pays_VBZ ,_, is_BEZ surely_RB F16 172 a_AT matter_NN of_IN the_ATI utmost_JJB concern_NN ,_, not_XNOT only_RB F16 172 to_IN him_PP3O ,_, but_CC to_IN anyone_PN with_IN F16 173 the_ATI slightest_JJT civic_JJ conscience_NN ._. F16 174 ^ equality_NN of_IN opportunity_NN is_BEZ no_RB longer_RBR a_AT F16 174 cliche*?2_NN of_IN the_ATI left_NN ,_, but_CC F16 175 a_AT principle_NN accepted_VBN by_IN all_ABN thinking_JJ people_NNS F16 175 *-_*- irrespective_IN of_IN" party_NN ._. F16 176 ^ schools_NNS ,_, and_CC all_ABN the_ATI attendant_JJ problems_NNS F16 176 of_IN education_NN should_MD be_BE of_IN the_ATI F16 177 greatest_JJT interest_NN ,_, not_XNOT only_RB to_TO enable_VB an_AT F16 177 individual_NN to_TO have_HV the_ATI F16 178 advantages_NNS (_( often_RB denied_VBN to_IN his_PP$ parents_NNS )_) F16 178 to_TO lead_VB a_AT fuller_JJR and_CC more_QL F16 179 satisfying_JJ life_NN ;_; but_CC for_IN the_ATI greater_JJR part_NN F16 179 he_PP3A can_MD play_VB in_IN building_VBG up_RP F16 180 this_DT country_NN ._. F16 181 ^ if_CS the_ATI health_NN of_IN the_ATI community_NN is_BEZ F16 181 neglected_VBN ,_, physical_JJ and_CC social_JJ F16 182 activities_NNS of_IN young_JJ and_CC old_JJ are_BER not_XNOT F16 182 adequately_RB catered_VBN for_IN :_: however_WRB F16 183 improved_VBN our_PP$ material_JJ standards_NNS of_IN living_NN may_MD F16 183 be_BE ,_, the_ATI telly_NN ,_, the_ATI F16 184 washing_NN machine_NN and_CC the_ATI car_NN ,_, will_MD not_XNOT F16 184 bring_VB increased_JJ happiness_NN to_IN our_PP$ F16 185 increased_JJ leisure_NN ._. F16 186 ^ nor_CC will_MD they_PP3AS eliminate_VB the_ATI mounting_JJ F16 186 frustration_NN ,_, boredom_NN F16 187 loneliness_NN and_CC tension_NN ,_, felt_VBN by_IN an_AT increasing_JJ F16 187 number_NN of_IN people_NNS ._. F16 188 ^ perhaps_RB it_PP3 is_BEZ the_ATI knowledge_NN of_IN this_DT F16 188 fundamental_JJ truth_NN *-_*- that_CS real_JJ F16 189 happiness_NN and_CC satisfaction_NN is_BEZ found_VBN in_IN doing_VBG F16 189 for_IN others_APS ,_, that_WPR enables_VBZ F16 190 councillors_NNS to_TO labour_VB on_RP year_NN in_RP and_CC year_NN F16 190 out_RP ,_, unpaid_JJ ,_, unrecognised_JJ ,_, F16 191 in_IN what_WDT must_MD appear_VB to_IN others_APS to_TO be_BE a_AT F16 191 thankless_JJ and_CC unrewarding_JJ task_NN ._. F16 192 ^ does_DOZ this_DT sound_VB priggish_JJ ,_, evangelistic_JJ ,_, F16 192 dull_JJ ?_? ^ yes_UH ,_, to_IN a_AT mass_NN of_IN F16 193 people_NNS fed_VBN on_IN a_AT diet_NN of_IN sordid_JJ sex_NN F16 193 details_NNS ,_, sensational_JJ divorces_NNS ,_, F16 194 violence_NN and_CC crime_NN ._. ^ yes_UH ,_, to_IN those_DTS people_NNS F16 194 caught_VBN up_RP in_IN the_ATI fiercely_RB F16 195 competitive_JJ aggressions_NNS of_IN our_PP$ affluent_JJ society_NN ,_, F16 195 where_WRB the_ATI goal_NN is_BEZ F16 196 more_AP money_NN ,_, and_CC the_ATI profit_NN motive_NN ,_, F16 196 ephemeral_JJ pleasures_NNS and_CC cheap_JJ F16 197 thrills_NNS are_BER the_ATI main_JJB reasons_NNS for_IN living_NN ._. F16 198 ^ local_JJ government_NN is_BEZ live_JJ ,_, human_JJ and_CC F16 198 intensely_RB satisfying_JJ work_NN ._. F16 199 ^ those_DTS people_NNS successfully_RB involved_VBN in_IN it_PP3 F16 199 are_BER equally_RB live_JJ ,_, human_JJ ,_, and_CC F16 200 fulfilled_VBN by_IN their_PP$ efforts_NNS ._. F16 201 ^ their_PP$ values_NNS are_BER all_RB right_RB" ,_, Jack_NP *-_*- F16 201 what_WDT about_IN yours_PP$$ ?_? F16 202 ^ a_AT tribute_NN to_IN Harold_NP Clay_NP ._. F16 203 ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ with_IN deep_JJ regret_NN that_CS we_PP1AS pay_VB F16 203 a_AT last_AP tribute_NN to_IN a_AT great_JJ F16 204 friend_NN and_CC colleague_NN who_WPR has_HVZ passed_VBN on_RP ._. F16 205 ^ who_WP was_BEDZ this_DT man_NN and_CC what_WDT was_BEDZ his_PP$ F16 205 claim_NN to_IN our_PP$ gratitude_NN and_CC F16 206 affection_NN ?_? F16 207 ^ Harold_NP Ewart_NP Clay_NP devoted_VBD his_PP$ life_NN to_IN F16 207 the_ATI labour_NN movement_NN in_IN its_PP$ F16 208 widest_JJT sense_NN ._. F16 209 ^ tramways_NNS ._. F16 210 ^ from_IN his_PP$ earliest_JJT years_NNS he_PP3A was_BEDZ an_AT F16 210 active_JJ trade_NN unionist_NN and_CC F16 211 labour_NN party_NN worker_NN ._. F16 212 ^ however_RB ,_, it_PP3 was_BEDZ not_XNOT until_IN 1920_CD that_CS F16 212 I_PP1A first_RB knew_VBD of_IN him_PP3O ._. ^ he_PP3A was_BEDZ F16 213 in_IN Leeds_NP and_CC I_PP1A in_IN London_NP ._. F16 214 ^ in_IN that_DT year_NN his_PP$ union_NN *-_*- the_ATI F16 214 tramwaymen's_NNS$ union_NN *-_*- amalgamated_VBD F16 215 with_IN others_APS to_TO form_VB the_ATI united_JJ vehicle_NN F16 215 workers'_NNS$ union_NN (_( \0U.V.W_NP )_) ,_, F16 216 and_CC my_PP$ union_NN ,_, the_ATI London_NP carmen's_NNS$ trade_NN F16 216 union_NN amalgamated_VBD with_IN others_APS F16 217 to_TO form_VB the_ATI national_JJ union_NN of_IN vehicle_NN workers_NNS F16 217 (_( \0N.U.V.W_NP )_) ._. F16 218 ^ he_PP3A was_BEDZ an_AT officer_NN of_IN the_ATI \0U.V.W_NP ,_, F16 218 I_PP1A was_BEDZ an_AT officer_NN of_IN F16 219 \0N.U.V.W_NP and_CC so_RB our_PP$ ways_NNS were_BED set_VBN to_TO F16 219 meet_VB ._. F16 220 ^ merger_NN ._. F16 221 ^ both_ABX unions_NNS were_BED trying_VBG to_TO serve_VB the_ATI F16 221 interests_NNS of_IN all_ABN forms_NNS of_IN F16 222 road_NN transport_NN ,_, and_CC it_PP3 was_BEDZ inevitable_JJ that_CS F16 222 fierce_JJ rivalry_NN would_MD lead_VB F16 223 to_IN conflict_NN ._. F16 224 ^ Harold_NP in_IN his_PP$ union_NN and_CC I_PP1A in_IN mine_PP$$ ,_, F16 224 together_RB with_IN many_AP of_IN our_PP$ F16 225 colleagues_NNS ,_, believed_VBD that_CS this_DT conflict_NN could_MD F16 225 only_RB be_BE solved_VBN *-_*- and_CC the_ATI F16 226 best_JJT interests_NNS of_IN the_ATI membership_NN and_CC the_ATI F16 226 community_NN at_RB large_RB" be_BE served_VBN F16 227 by_IN a_AT wider_JJR amalgamation_NN ._. F17 2 ^ ready_JJ for_IN life_NN ._. F17 3 ^ the_ATI mother's_NN$ face_NN was_BEDZ drawn_VBN with_IN anxiety_NN F17 3 ._. ^ *'_*' it_PP3 's_BEZ my_PP$ little_JJ F17 4 girl_NN ,_, doctor_NN ,_, **'_**' she_PP3A said_VBD indicating_VBG F17 4 the_ATI fair-haired_JJ child_NN sitting_VBG by_IN F17 5 her_PP$ side_NN ._. ^ *'_*' I_PP1A 'm_BEM desperately_RB worried_JJ F17 5 about_IN her_PP3O ._. ^ I_PP1A think_VB she_PP3A 's_HVZ got_VBN F17 6 cancer_NN ._. **'_**' F17 7 ^ the_ATI doctor_NN showed_VBD no_ATI emotion_NN ._. ^ *'_*' and_CC F17 7 what_WDT makes_VBZ you_PP2 think_VB F17 8 that_DT ?_? **'_**' he_PP3A asked_VBD ._. F17 9 ^ *'_*' well_UH ,_, **'_**' said_VBD the_ATI mother_NN ,_, *'_*' F17 9 she_PP3A 's_HVZ developed_VBN a_AT lump_NN in_IN her_PP$ F17 10 chest_NN ._. ^ it_PP3 's_BEZ getting_VBG bigger_JJR ,_, too_RB ._. ^ F17 10 that_DT is_BEZ how_WRB cancer_NN starts_VBZ ,_, is_BEZ n't_XNOT F17 11 it_PP3 ?_? **'_**' F17 12 ^ *'_*' how_WRB old_JJ is_BEZ the_ATI child_NN ?_? **'_**' asked_VBD F17 12 the_ATI doctor_NN ._. F17 13 ^ *'_*' just_RB nine_CD years_NNS ._. **'_**' F17 14 ^ the_ATI doctor_NN completed_VBD his_PP$ examination_NN ._. ^ F17 14 he_PP3A was_BEDZ smiling_VBG when_WRB he_PP3A F17 15 spoke_VBD again_RB ._. F17 16 ^ *'_*' it_PP3 's_BEZ certainly_RB not_XNOT cancer_NN ,_, **'_**' F17 16 he_PP3A told_VBD the_ATI mother_NN ._. ^ *'_*' your_PP$ F17 17 daughter_NN 's_BEZ growing_VBG up_RP ,_, that_DT 's_BEZ all_ABN ._. ^ F17 17 the_ATI swelling_NN is_BEZ the_ATI beginning_NN of_IN F17 18 her_PP$ figure_NN ._. **'_**' F17 19 ^ this_DT incident_NN ,_, which_WDTR took_VBD place_NN in_IN the_ATI F17 19 Harley_NP Street_NPL F17 20 consulting-room_NN of_IN one_CD1 of_IN our_PP$ leading_JJ F17 20 children's_NNS$ doctors_NNS ,_, is_BEZ no_ATI freak_JJB F17 21 case_NN ._. ^ nor_CC is_BEZ it_PP3 unusual_JJ in_IN 1961_CD Britain_NP F17 21 ._. F17 22 ^ for_CS the_ATI truth_NN is_BEZ that_CS in_IN the_ATI last_AP F17 22 few_AP years_NNS a_AT tremendous_JJ upheaval_NN F17 23 has_HVZ shaken_VBN our_PP$ understanding_NN of_IN child_NN F17 23 development_NN ._. F17 24 ^ today_NR ,_, children_NNS are_BER growing_VBG up_RP *-_*- F17 24 physically_RB *-_*- far_RB earlier_RBR than_CS F17 25 their_PP$ parents_NNS did_DOD ._. ^ and_CC as_CS breast_NN F17 25 development_NN is_BEZ normally_RB the_ATI first_OD F17 26 sign_NN of_IN puberty_NN in_IN a_AT girl_NN ,_, it_PP3 is_BEZ not_XNOT F17 26 unusual_JJ to_TO find_VB this_DT starting_VBG as_QL F17 27 young_JJ as_IN nine_CD or_CC ten_CD ._. F17 28 ^ some_DTI parents_NNS can_MD not_XNOT accept_VB this_DT change_NN F17 28 in_IN their_PP$ children_NNS ._. F17 29 ^ earlier_JJR puberty_NN is_BEZ a_AT subject_NN that_WPR is_BEZ F17 29 proving_VBG of_IN enormous_JJ F17 30 interest_NN to_IN the_ATI medical_JJ profession_NN ,_, but_CC for_IN F17 30 some_DTI odd_JJ reason_NN it_PP3 is_BEZ one_CD1 F17 31 that_WPR seems_VBZ to_TO be_BE passing_VBG by_IN the_ATI most_QL F17 31 important_JJ people_NNS of_IN all_ABN *-_*- apart_IN F17 32 from_IN" the_ATI children_NNS *-_*- the_ATI parents_NNS ._. F17 33 ^ today's_NR$ parents_NNS can_MD not_XNOT seem_VB to_TO accept_VB F17 33 that_CS the_ATI girl_NN who_WPR starts_VBZ F17 34 menstruating_VBG at_IN eleven_CD is_BEZ not_XNOT super-advanced_JJ ,_, F17 34 that_CS indeed_RB they_PP3AS must_MD be_BE F17 35 prepared_VBN to_TO expect_VB this_DT to_TO begin_VB round_RP about_IN F17 35 this_DT time_NN ._. F17 36 ^ for_CS these_DTS are_BER the_ATI startling_JJ facts_NNS :_: F17 37 ^ girls_NNS are_BER developing_VBG earlier_RBR ,_, at_IN the_ATI F17 37 rate_NN of_IN four_CD to_IN six_CD months_NNS F17 38 earlier_RBR every_AT ten_CD years_NNS ._. ^ this_DT means_VBZ that_CS F17 38 biologically_RB they_PP3AS are_BER now_RN F17 39 growing_VBG up_RP two_CD to_IN three_CD years_NNS earlier_RBR than_CS F17 39 they_PP3AS did_DOD at_IN the_ATI turn_NN of_IN the_ATI F17 40 century_NN ._. F17 41 ^ boys_NNS are_BER advancing_VBG even_RB faster_RBR ._. ^ in_IN F17 41 fact_NN ,_, it_PP3 is_BEZ now_RN getting_VBG quite_RB F17 42 difficult_JJ to_TO find_VB choirboys_NNS old_JJ enough_QLP to_TO F17 42 behave_VB in_IN church_NN who_WPR can_MD F17 43 still_RB sing_VB treble_NN ._. F17 44 ^ children_NNS are_BER simultaneously_RB getting_VBG increasingly_RB F17 44 taller_JJR and_CC F17 45 heavier_JJR as_CS the_ATI years_NNS roll_VB by_RP ._. F17 46 ^ for_IN example_NN ,_, on_IN an_AT average_NN ,_, a_AT girl_NN F17 46 of_IN eight_CD in_IN 1959_CD was_BEDZ as_QL tall_JJ F17 47 and_CC heavy_JJ as_IN a_AT girl_NN of_IN eight-and-a-half_CD in_IN F17 47 1949_CD ._. ^ and_CC in_IN ten_CD years_NNS the_ATI F17 48 average_JJ height_NN of_IN a_AT ten-year-old_NN has_HVZ increased_VBN F17 48 by_IN half_ABN an_AT inch_NN ,_, the_ATI F17 49 average_JJ weight_NN by_IN three-and-a-half_CD pounds_NNS ._. F17 50 ^ nor_CC does_DOZ the_ATI advance_NN show_VB any_DTI signs_NNS F17 50 of_IN halting_VBG ._. ^ in_IN fact_NN ,_, it_PP3 may_MD F17 51 well_RB be_BE that_CS by_IN the_ATI time_NN these_DTS children_NNS F17 51 have_HV their_PP$ children_NNS ,_, the_ATI F17 52 majority_NN of_IN girls_NNS will_MD be_BE maturing_VBG at_IN ten_CD ._. F17 53 ^ doctors_NNS who_WPR are_BER delving_VBG into_IN the_ATI F17 53 reasons_NNS why_WRB this_DT revolution_NN is_BEZ F17 54 taking_VBG place_NN have_HV come_VBN up_RP with_IN some_DTI F17 54 intriguing_JJ theories_NNS ._. F17 55 ^ many_AP say_VB it_PP3 is_BEZ because_CS today's_NR$ child_NN F17 55 is_BEZ much_RB better_RBR fed_VBN than_IN her_PP$ F17 56 ancestors_NNS ._. ^ school_NN milk_NN ,_, they_PP3AS say_VB ,_, has_HVZ F17 56 quite_ABL a_AT bit_NN to_TO do_DO with_IN it_PP3 ._. F17 57 ^ others_APS believe_VB the_ATI reason_NN is_BEZ climatic_JJ ._. ^ F17 57 it_PP3 's_BEZ known_VBN that_DT F17 58 overheating_NN delays_VBZ the_ATI growth_NN of_IN laboratory_NN F17 58 rats_NNS ,_, and_CC it_PP3 's_BEZ been_BEN F17 59 suggested_VBN that_CS children_NNS now_RN grow_VB considerably_RB F17 59 faster_RBR because_CS their_PP$ F17 60 parents_NNS do_DO not_XNOT overclothe_VB them_PP3OS as_CS they_PP3AS F17 60 used_VBD to_TO in_IN the_ATI old_JJ days_NNS ._. F17 61 ^ modern_JJ psychiatrists_NNS ,_, however_RB ,_, have_HV an_AT F17 61 even_RB more_QL interesting_JJ F17 62 theory_NN ._. F17 63 ^ they_PP3AS say_VB that_CS it_PP3 's_BEZ the_ATI direct_JJ F17 63 result_NN of_IN easier_JJR relations_NNS between_IN F17 64 the_ATI sexes_NNS ._. ^ there_EX is_BEZ more_AP conversation_NN F17 64 about_IN sex_NN between_IN boys_NNS and_CC F17 65 girls_NNS and_CC a_AT far_RB more_QL natural_JJ acceptance_NN of_IN F17 65 the_ATI once_RB unmentionable_JJ F17 66 *'_*' facts_NNS of_IN life_NN ._. **'_**' F17 67 ^ this_DT theory_NN is_BEZ borne_VBN out_RP by_IN the_ATI fact_NN F17 67 that_CS children_NNS in_IN F17 68 co-educational_JJ schools_NNS often_RB mature_VB earlier_JJR than_IN F17 68 those_DTS who_WPR are_BER F17 69 segregated_VBN ._. F17 70 ^ getting_VBG it_PP3 through_RP to_IN some_DTI parents_NNS that_CS F17 70 earlier_JJR puberty_NN is_BEZ now_RN a_AT F17 71 fact_NN is_BEZ proving_VBG quite_ABL a_AT headache_NN to_IN doctors_NNS F17 71 and_CC teachers_NNS ._. F17 72 ^ most_AP teachers_NNS have_HV very_QL decided_JJ views_NNS on_IN F17 72 the_ATI subject_NN ._. ^ like_IN one_CD1 F17 73 of_IN our_PP$ most_QL go-ahead_JJB principals_NNS ,_, Miss_NPT \0K_NP F17 73 \0C_NP \0M_NP Gent_NP ,_, headmistress_NN F17 74 of_IN the_ATI four_CD hundred_CD strong_JJ girls'_NNS$ grammar_NN F17 74 school_NN in_IN Lichfield_NP ,_, F17 75 Staffordshire_NP ._. F17 76 ^ *'_*' girls_NNS start_VB here_RN at_IN eleven_CD ,_, and_CC by_IN F17 76 the_ATI end_NN of_IN the_ATI first_OD year_NN at_RB F17 77 least_RB" fifty_CD per_NNU cent_NNU" of_IN them_PP3OS have_HV F17 77 reached_VBN puberty_NN ,_, many_AP having_HVG started_VBN F17 78 before_CS they_PP3AS even_RB arrive_VB ,_, **'_**' she_PP3A told_VBD F17 78 me_PP1O ._. F17 79 ^ *'_*' because_IN of_IN" this_DT I_PP1A have_HV made_VBN it_PP3 F17 79 a_AT rule_NN to_TO see_VB each_DT set_NN of_IN F17 80 parents_NNS individually_RB before_CS the_ATI child_NN begins_VBZ F17 80 her_PP$ first_OD term_NN ,_, **'_**' she_PP3A F17 81 went_VBD on_RP ._. ^ *'_*' I_PP1A tell_VB them_PP3OS that_CS I_PP1A F17 81 insist_VB on_IN every_AT child_NN knowing_VBG the_ATI facts_NNS F17 82 of_IN life_NN before_CS she_PP3A starts_VBZ at_IN my_PP$ school_NN ._. F17 83 ^ *'_*' if_CS the_ATI parents_NNS find_VB it_PP3 difficult_JJ or_CC F17 83 embarrassing_JJ to_TO talk_VB to_IN the_ATI F17 84 child_NN I_PP1A give_VB them_PP3OS a_AT booklet_NN which_WDTR the_ATI F17 84 child_NN can_MD read_VB ._. F17 85 ^ *'_*' almost_RB every_AT mother_NN I_PP1A meet_VB seems_VBZ F17 85 surprised_JJ that_CS I_PP1A insist_VB on_IN F17 86 this_DT so_QL early_RB ._. F17 87 ^ *'_*' they_PP3AS can_MD n't_XNOT seem_VB to_TO take_VB in_RP F17 87 the_ATI fact_NN that_CS girls_NNS are_BER maturing_VBG so_QL F17 88 quickly_RB ._. ^ but_CC once_CS they_PP3AS realize_VB the_ATI truth_NN F17 88 of_IN it_PP3 they_PP3AS 're_BER glad_JJ to_TO F17 89 co-operate_VB and_CC teach_VB their_PP$ daughters_NNS ._. **'_**' F17 90 ^ now_RN more_RBR than_CS ever_RB children_NNS crave_VB wise_JJ F17 90 guidance_NN ._. F17 91 ^ though_CS we_PP1AS may_MD think_VB it_PP3 a_AT good_JJ idea_NN F17 91 that_CS children_NNS should_MD grow_VB up_RP F17 92 more_QL quickly_RB ,_, let_VB none_PN of_IN us_PP1OS imagine_VB that_CS F17 92 earlier_JJR puberty_NN does_DOZ n't_XNOT F17 93 bring_VB its_PP$ own_AP set_NN of_IN difficult_JJ problems_NNS ._. F17 94 ^ the_ATI toughest_JJT of_IN these_DTS is_BEZ this_DT :_: that_CS F17 94 though_CS physical_JJ development_NN F17 95 has_HVZ advanced_VBN so_QL rapidly_RB social_JJ development_NN has_HVZ F17 95 stood_VBN still_JJ ._. F17 96 ^ a_AT girl_NN of_IN eleven_CD today_NR *-_*- even_CS if_CS" F17 96 she_PP3A does_DOZ happen_VB to_TO wear_VB a_AT F17 97 thirty-four-inch_JJB bra_NN *-_*- is_BEZ still_RB ,_, to_IN her_PP$ F17 97 mother_NN and_CC father_NN ,_, a_AT child_NN ._. F17 98 ^ and_CC that_DT 's_BEZ the_ATI way_NN society_NN looks_VBZ at_IN F17 98 her_PP3O ,_, too_RB ._. F17 99 ^ so_RB who_WP can_MD blame_VB her_PP3O if_CS she_PP3A gets_VBZ F17 99 all_RB mixed_VBN up_RP ?_? ^ she_PP3A has_HVZ not_XNOT had_HVN F17 100 enough_DTI experience_NN of_IN life_NN to_TO cope_VB with_IN the_ATI F17 100 new_JJ process_NN ._. ^ she_PP3A has_HVZ been_BEN F17 101 well_RB protected_VBN in_IN the_ATI junior_JJ school_NN ,_, and_CC F17 101 at_IN home_NR she_PP3A has_HVZ always_RB been_BEN F17 102 regarded_VBN as_IN *'_*' a_AT kid_NN ._. **'_**' F17 103 ^ no_ATI wonder_NN ,_, then_RN ,_, that_CS she_PP3A does_DOZ F17 103 n't_XNOT know_VB whether_CS to_TO play_VB with_IN toys_NNS F17 104 or_CC go_VB out_RP with_IN boys_NNS ._. ^ no_ATI wonder_NN she_PP3A F17 104 craves_VBZ wise_JJ parental_JJ guidance_NN and_CC F17 105 friendship_NN more_RBR now_RN than_CS ever_RB before_RI ._. F17 106 ^ which_WDTR brings_VBZ us_PP1OS back_RP to_IN the_ATI mother_NN ._. F17 106 ^ what_WDT exactly_RB are_BER the_ATI F17 107 problems_NNS likely_JJ to_TO come_VB up_RP when_WRB she_PP3A F17 107 suddenly_RB finds_VBZ herself_PPL confronted_VBN F17 108 by_IN a_AT little_JJ woman_NN of_IN twelve_CD ?_? F17 109 ^ how_WRB can_MD she_PP3A cope_VB with_IN the_ATI child's_NN$ F17 109 emotional_JJ growing_NN pains_NNS in_IN the_ATI F17 110 kindest_JJT ,_, most_QL sensible_JJ way_NN ?_? ^ how_WRB can_MD F17 110 she_PP3A tell_VB her_PP$ daughter_NN that_CS ,_, F17 111 physically_RB ,_, she_PP3A is_BEZ now_RN a_AT woman_NN ?_? F17 112 ^ I_PP1A sought_VBD the_ATI answers_NNS from_IN doctors_NNS and_CC F17 112 psychiatrists_NNS ,_, teachers_NNS and_CC F17 113 social_JJ workers_NNS ._. F17 114 ^ continuing_VBG ready_JJ for_IN life_NN by_IN Rosalie_NP Shann_NP ._. F17 115 ^ adolescence_NN is_BEZ one_CD1 of_IN the_ATI most_QL important_JJ F17 115 times_NNS in_IN a_AT woman's_NN$ life_NN ._. F17 116 ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ a_AT fact_NN that_CS girls_NNS are_BER F17 116 developing_VBG earlier_RBR at_IN the_ATI rate_NN F17 117 of_IN four_CD to_IN six_CD months_NNS every_AT ten_CD years_NNS ._. ^ F17 117 this_DT means_VBZ that_CS biologically_RB F17 118 they_PP3AS are_BER now_RN growing_VBG up_RP two_CD to_IN three_CD F17 118 years_NNS earlier_RBR than_CS they_PP3AS did_DOD at_IN F17 119 the_ATI turn_NN of_IN the_ATI century_NN ._. ^ boys_NNS are_BER F17 119 advancing_VBG even_RB faster_RBR ._. F17 120 ^ and_CC this_DT creates_VBZ a_AT whole_JJ new_JJ set_NN of_IN F17 120 problems_NNS for_IN the_ATI parents_NNS ._. F17 121 ^ everyone_PN is_BEZ agreed_JJ that_CS as_CS puberty_NN advances_VBZ F17 121 so_RB they_PP3AS must_MD also_RB F17 122 advance_VB their_PP$ attitude_NN to_IN the_ATI growing_JJ child_NN ._. F17 123 ^ a_AT girl_NN may_MD well_RB be_BE emotionally_RB unready_JJ for_IN F17 123 puberty_NN because_CS that_DT F17 124 emotional_JJ development_NN is_BEZ still_RB way_RB behind_IN F17 124 physical_JJ development_NN ._. ^ her_PP$ F17 125 emotions_NNS have_HV given_VBN her_PP3O no_ATI warning_NN of_IN F17 125 imminent_JJ changes_NNS ._. ^ but_CC though_CS F17 126 she_PP3A may_MD be_BE unprepared_JJ her_PP$ mother_NN must_MD not_XNOT F17 126 be_BE ._. F17 127 ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ essential_JJ she_PP3A tell_VB the_ATI child_NN F17 127 the_ATI facts_NNS of_IN life_NN in_IN time_NN ,_, not_XNOT F17 128 just_RB the_ATI usual_JJ item_NN about_IN where_WRB babies_NNS come_VB F17 128 from_IN ,_, but_CC what_WDT puberty_NN is_BEZ ,_, F17 129 what_WDT changes_NNS will_MD take_VB place_NN ,_, and_CC why_WRB ._. F17 130 ^ what_WDT exactly_RB is_BEZ meant_VBN by_IN *'_*' in_NC time_NC F17 130 **'_**' ?_? ^ well_UH ,_, it_PP3 varies_VBZ from_IN F17 131 child_NN to_IN child_NN ,_, but_CC generally_RB speaking_VBG F17 131 changes_NNS should_MD be_BE discussed_VBN as_QL F17 132 soon_RB as_CS they_PP3AS begin_VB in_IN the_ATI child_NN ._. F17 133 ^ the_ATI first_OD sign_NN is_BEZ invariably_RB the_ATI beginning_NN F17 133 of_IN the_ATI development_NN of_IN F17 134 the_ATI bust_NN ._. ^ as_QL soon_RB as_CS a_AT mother_NN notices_VBZ F17 134 this_DT she_PP3A should_MD talk_VB to_IN the_ATI F17 135 girl_NN ,_, perhaps_RB before_RI if_CS the_ATI opportunity_NN has_HVZ F17 135 arisen_VBN ,_, but_CC never_RB later_RBR F17 136 than_IN this_DT ._. F17 137 ^ a_AT child_NN ,_, incidentally_RB ,_, is_BEZ far_RB more_QL F17 137 likely_JJ to_TO accept_VB the_ATI facts_NNS F17 138 naturally_RB and_CC easily_RB and_CC without_IN embarrassment_NN if_CS F17 138 she_PP3A is_BEZ used_JJ to_IN F17 139 seeing_VBG her_PP$ mother_NN undressed_VBN ._. F17 140 ^ then_RN as_QL soon_RB as_CS menstruation_NN starts_VBZ the_ATI F17 140 mother_NN should_MD explain_VB to_IN F17 141 her_PP$ daughter_NN all_RB over_RP again_RB what_WDT it_PP3 is_BEZ F17 141 and_CC why_WRB it_PP3 happens_VBZ ._. F17 142 ^ physical_JJ changes_NNS indicate_VB the_ATI child's_NN$ F17 142 approaching_JJ maturity_NN ._. F17 143 ^ doctors_NNS say_VB it_PP3 is_BEZ important_JJ to_TO explain_VB F17 143 to_IN the_ATI child_NN twice_RB *-_*- F17 144 before_CS menstruation_NN happens_VBZ and_CC when_WRB it_PP3 does_DOZ F17 144 *-_*- as_CS she_PP3A can_MD not_XNOT fully_RB F17 145 appreciate_VB the_ATI facts_NNS the_ATI first_OD time_NN ._. F17 146 ^ above_IN all_ABN ,_, a_AT mother_NN should_MD appear_VB pleased_JJ F17 146 about_IN her_PP$ daughter's_NN$ F17 147 physical_JJ changes_NNS because_CS it_PP3 indicates_VBZ approaching_JJ F17 147 maturity_NN ,_, and_CC this_DT F17 148 is_BEZ something_PN ,_, the_ATI mother_NN must_MD imply_VB ,_, to_TO F17 148 be_BE looked_VBN forward_RB to_IN ,_, not_XNOT F17 149 dreaded_VBN ._. F17 150 ^ if_CS a_AT mother_NN views_VBZ the_ATI onset_NN of_IN her_PP$ F17 150 daughter's_NN$ adolescence_NN with_IN F17 151 misgiving_NN ,_, believing_VBG *-_*- because_IN of_IN" what_WDT F17 151 she_PP3A 's_HVZ heard_VBN *-_*- that_CS it_PP3 's_BEZ always_RB F17 152 a_AT troubled_JJ time_NN for_IN all_ABN concerned_VBN ,_, then_RN F17 152 this_DT fear_NN will_MD be_BE communicated_VBN F17 153 to_IN the_ATI child_NN ,_, and_CC the_ATI inevitable_JJ obstacles_NNS F17 153 will_MD be_BE anticipated_VBN and_CC F17 154 probably_RB enlarged_VBN ._. F17 155 ^ a_AT fact_NN mothers_NNS must_MD also_RB be_BE prepared_VBN for_IN F17 155 is_BEZ that_CS different_JJ levels_NNS F17 156 of_IN maturity_NN exist_VB side_NN by_IN side_NN ._. ^ this_DT can_MD F17 156 be_BE extremely_RB tricky_JJ to_TO F17 157 understand_VB ,_, both_ABX from_IN the_ATI parents'_NNS$ and_CC the_ATI F17 157 child's_NN$ point_NN of_IN view_NN ._. F17 158 ^ there_EX often_RB is_BEZ ,_, for_IN instance_NN ,_, a_AT child_NN F17 158 who_WPR can_MD partake_VB in_IN quite_RB F17 159 adult_JJ activities_NNS ,_, such_IN as_IN" intellectual_JJ F17 159 conversation_NN ,_, yet_CC at_IN the_ATI same_AP F17 160 time_NN spend_VB hours_NNS reading_VBG her_PP$ childish_JJ comics_NNS F17 160 ._. ^ moods_NNS vary_VB ,_, too_RB ,_, and_CC F17 161 with_IN such_ABL speed_NN that_CS the_ATI poor_JJ parent_NN is_BEZ F17 161 often_RB at_IN a_AT loss_NN to_TO keep_VB up_RP ._. F17 162 ^ one_CD1 minute_NN the_ATI child_NN is_BEZ lost_JJ in_IN F17 162 desolation_NN ,_, quite_RB sure_JJ she_PP3A is_BEZ a_AT F17 163 failure_NN in_IN every_AT way_NN ._. ^ the_ATI next_AP ,_, while_CS F17 163 the_ATI parent_NN is_BEZ still_RB trying_VBG to_TO F17 164 comfort_VB her_PP3O ,_, she_PP3A is_BEZ brimming_VBG over_RP with_IN F17 164 self-confidence_NN and_CC a_AT brand_NN new_JJ F17 165 bout_NN of_IN enthusiasm_NN ._. F17 166 ^ by_IN far_RB the_ATI best_JJT ,_, and_CC most_QL sensible_JJ ,_, F17 166 way_NN for_IN mothers_NNS to_TO face_VB this_DT F17 167 time_NN is_BEZ to_TO accept_VB that_CS the_ATI child_NN is_BEZ F17 167 changing_VBG ,_, and_CC to_TO welcome_VB that_DT F17 168 change_NN ._. F17 169 ^ this_DT ,_, of_RB course_RB" ,_, is_BEZ far_RB easier_RBR said_VBN F17 169 than_CS done_VBN ,_, for_CS ,_, whatever_WDT the_ATI F17 170 psychiatrists_NNS say_VB ,_, it_PP3 cuts_VBZ the_ATI heart_NN when_WRB F17 170 a_AT dearly_RB loved_JJ child_NN ,_, once_RB F17 171 so_QL docile_JJ and_CC parent-attached_JJ ,_, suddenly_RB wants_VBZ F17 171 to_TO strike_VB out_RP by_IN F17 172 herself_PPL ,_, choosing_VBG her_PP$ own_AP friends_NNS ._. F17 173 ^ but_CC it_PP3 is_BEZ some_DTI compensation_NN to_TO realize_VB F17 173 that_CS this_DT desire_NN for_IN F17 174 independence_NN is_BEZ a_AT good_JJ thing_NN for_IN the_ATI child_NN F17 174 ._. F17 175 ^ it_PP3 shows_VBZ she_PP3A is_BEZ anxious_JJ to_TO stand_VB on_IN F17 175 her_PP$ own_AP feet_NNS and_CC make_VB a_AT place_NN F17 176 for_IN herself_PPL in_IN the_ATI world_NN later_RBR on_RP ._. F17 177 ^ if_CS her_PP$ naturally_RB healthy_JJ desire_NN to_TO grow_VB F17 177 up_RP is_BEZ frustrated_VBN she_PP3A will_MD F17 178 either_DTX lose_VB her_PP$ urge_NN to_TO be_BE independent_JJ or_CC F17 178 she_PP3A will_MD rebel_VB and_CC go_VB her_PP$ F17 179 own_AP way_NN anyhow_RB ._. ^ and_CC this_DT last_AP spells_VBZ F17 179 trouble_NN in_IN the_ATI home_NR ._. F17 180 ^ a_AT child_NN psychiatrist_NN was_BEDZ adamant_JJ on_IN this_DT F17 180 point_NN of_IN independence_NN ._. F17 181 ^ *'_*' so_QL many_AP mothers_NNS ,_, **'_**' he_PP3A said_VBD ,_, F17 181 *'_*' make_VB the_ATI mistake_NN of_IN expecting_VBG to_TO F17 182 know_VB everything_PN about_IN their_PP$ daughters_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI F17 182 brutal_JJ truth_NN is_BEZ that_CS a_AT F17 183 girl_NN will_MD not_XNOT grow_VB up_RP normally_RB unless_CS she_PP3A F17 183 has_HVZ a_AT secret_JJ life_NN away_RP from_IN F17 184 her_PP$ parents_NNS ._. F17 185 ^ *'_*' in_IN fact_NN ,_, the_ATI daughter_NN who_WPR tells_VBZ F17 185 her_PP$ mother_NN everything_PN is_BEZ very_QL F17 186 suspect_JJ from_IN the_ATI psychiatrist's_NN$ point_NN of_IN view_NN F17 186 because_CS she_PP3A is_BEZ not_XNOT being_BEG F17 187 allowed_VBN to_TO grow_VB naturally_RB into_IN an_AT adult_NN ._. F17 187 **'_**' F17 189 ^ it_PP3 's_BEZ enlightening_JJ ,_, and_CC a_RB little_RB" F17 189 shattering_JJ ,_, to_TO learn_VB from_IN the_ATI F17 190 psychiatrist_NN that_CS that_DT state_NN which_WDTR mothers_NNS F17 190 boast_VB about_IN ,_, *'_*' we_PP1AS 're_BER more_RBR F17 191 like_IN sisters_NNS than_IN mother_NN and_CC daughter_NN **'_**' is_BEZ F17 191 not_XNOT one_CD1 to_TO be_BE envied_VBN ._. F17 192 ^ indeed_RB ,_, this_DT very_AP closeness_NN and_CC dependence_NN F17 192 is_BEZ considered_VBN detrimental_JJ F17 193 to_IN normal_JJ development_NN ._. F17 194 ^ *'_*' it_PP3 's_BEZ far_RB more_QL healthy_JJ for_IN girls_NNS F17 194 to_TO giggle_VB among_IN themselves_PPLS and_CC F17 195 have_HV *'_*' best_JJT friends_NNS **'_**' from_IN their_PP$ own_AP F17 195 classmates_NNS ,_, **'_**' the_ATI psychiatrist_NN F17 196 told_VBD me_PP1O ._. F17 197 ^ *'_*' the_ATI mother_NN just_RB must_MD n't_XNOT be_BE that_DT F17 197 *'_*' best_JJT friend_NN **'_**' because_CS it_PP3 F17 198 suggests_VBZ that_CS the_ATI daughter_NN is_BEZ still_RB clinging_VBG F17 198 to_IN her_PP3O ._. F17 199 ^ *'_*' I_PP1A know_VB this_DT is_BEZ a_AT bitter_JJ pill_NN for_IN F17 199 mothers_NNS to_TO swallow_VB ,_, F17 200 particularly_RB those_DTS who_WPR are_BER bringing_VBG up_RP F17 200 daughters_NNS alone_RB without_IN their_PP$ F17 201 husbands_NNS ._. ^ I_PP1A often_RB advise_VB these_DTS women_NNS to_TO F17 201 get_VB themselves_PPLS an_AT interesting_JJ F17 202 job_NN ._. ^ just_RB for_IN the_ATI sake_NN of_IN the_ATI girl_NN ._. F17 202 **'_**' F17 203 ^ many_AP young_JJ women_NNS who_WPR finally_RB end_VB up_RP with_IN F17 203 nervous_JJ breakdowns_NNS or_CC F17 204 other_AP mental_JJ disorders_NNS do_DO so_PN just_RB because_CS F17 204 they_PP3AS have_HV never_RB broken_VBN away_RP F17 205 from_IN their_PP$ families_NNS ._. F17 206 ^ *'_*' you_PP2 have_HV no_ATI idea_NN how_WRB many_AP girls_NNS F17 206 come_VB here_RN who_WPR have_HV never_RB been_BEN F17 207 shopping_VBG by_IN themselves_PPLS ,_, **'_**' another_DT F17 207 psychiatrist_NN said_VBD ._. ^ *'_*' a_AT young_JJ F17 208 person_NN should_MD be_BE allowed_VBN a_AT lot_NN more_AP F17 208 responsibility_NN and_CC freedom_NN from_IN F17 209 the_ATI age_NN of_IN ten_CD or_CC eleven_CD onwards_RB ._. F17 210 ^ *'_*' she_PP3A should_MD be_BE able_JJ to_TO choose_VB some_DTI F17 210 of_IN her_PP$ own_AP clothes_NNS and_CC F17 211 perhaps_RB her_PP$ own_AP wallpaper_NN ._. ^ she_PP3A must_MD be_BE F17 211 able_JJ to_TO spend_VB her_PP$ own_AP pocket_NN F17 212 money_NN the_ATI way_NN she_PP3A wants_VBZ ,_, and_CC keep_VB a_AT F17 212 diary_NN which_WDTR no_PN one_PN" will_MD read_VB ._. F17 213 **"_**' F18 2 ^ sign_VB here_RN for_IN happiness_NN ._. F18 3 ^ Judith_NP Simons_NP meets_VBZ a_AT woman_NN who_WPR shares_VBZ F18 3 our_PP$ happiest_JJT and_CC our_PP$ F18 4 saddest_JJT moments_NNS ._. F18 5 ^ life's_NN$ greatest_JJT dramas_NNS *-_*- they_PP3AS 're_BER all_ABN F18 5 in_IN a_AT day's_NN$ work_NN for_IN Dorothy_NP F18 6 Taylor_NP Horrocks_NP ._. F18 7 ^ back_RP in_IN world_NN war_NN one_CD1 an_AT excited_JJ young_JJ F18 7 mother_NN entered_VBD the_ATI F18 8 Registrar's_NPT$ office_NN at_IN Ramsbottom_NP in_IN Lancashire_NP ._. F18 9 ^ *'_*' I_PP1A 've_HV had_HVN triplets_NNS ,_, **'_**' she_PP3A F18 9 announced_VBD proudly_RB ._. ^ *'_*' I_PP1A 'd_MD like_VB to_TO F18 10 call_VB them_PP3OS France_NP ,_, Belgium_NP and_CC Russia_NP *-_*- F18 10 after_IN our_PP$ allies_NNS ._. **'_**' F18 11 ^ the_ATI deputy_NN Registrar_NPT ,_, pretty_JJ young_JJ Miss_NPT F18 11 Dorothy_NP Taylor_NP F18 12 Horrocks_NP ,_, looked_VBD startled_JJ ,_, but_CC her_PP$ voice_NN F18 12 stayed_VBD calm_JJ ._. F18 13 ^ *'_*' does_DOZ your_PP$ husband_NN like_VB those_DTS names_NNS ?_? F18 13 **'_**' F18 14 ^ *'_*' I_PP1A have_HV n't_XNOT asked_VBN him_PP3O ._. ^ he_PP3A F18 14 's_BEZ serving_VBG in_IN France_NP ._. **'_**' F18 15 ^ *'_*' well_UH ,_, do_DO write_VB and_CC see_VB what_WDT he_PP3A F18 15 says_VBZ before_IN deciding_VBG ,_, **'_**' Miss_NPT F18 16 Horrocks_NP advised_VBD gently_RB ._. ^ *'_*' when_WRB the_ATI boys_NNS F18 16 grow_VB up_RP ,_, those_DTS names_NNS might_MD F18 17 be_BE an_AT embarrassment_NN ._. ^ but_CC of_RB course_RB" ,_, if_CS F18 17 your_PP$ husband_NN approves_VBZ ,_, we_PP1AS 'll_MD F18 18 register_VB the_ATI babies_NNS as_CS you_PP2 wish_VB ._. **'_**' F18 19 ^ a_AT lesson_NN in_IN tact_NN ._. F18 20 ^ a_AT week_NN later_RBR the_ATI mother_NN came_VBD back_RP ._. F18 21 ^ *'_*' I_PP1A 'm_BEM glad_JJ you_PP2 made_VBD me_PP1O tell_VB F18 21 my_PP$ husband_NN before_IN naming_VBG the_ATI boys_NNS ,_, **'_**' F18 22 she_PP3A said_VBD gratefully_RB ._. ^ *'_*' we_PP1AS 've_HV decided_VBN F18 22 to_TO call_VB them_PP3OS Frank_NP ,_, Charles_NP and_CC F18 23 Richard_NP ._. **'_**' F18 24 ^ today_NR ,_, Dorothy_NP Taylor_NP Horrocks_NP *-_*- now_RN F18 24 Registrar_NPT for_IN Radcliffe_NP ,_, F18 25 Whitefield_NP and_CC Prestwich_NP *-_*- still_RB remembers_VBZ that_DT F18 25 early_JJ exercise_NN in_IN F18 26 common_JJ sense_NN and_CC tact_NN ._. F18 27 ^ *'_*' though_CS there_EX are_BER not_XNOT many_AP women_NNS F18 27 registrars_NNS yet_RB ,_, I_PP1A think_VB we_PP1AS can_MD F18 28 give_VB men_NNS registrars_NNS a_AT lead_NN in_IN some_DTI ways_NNS ,_, F18 28 **'_**' she_PP3A told_VBD me_PP1O with_IN a_AT smile_NN ._. F18 29 ^ *'_*' men_NNS may_MD be_BE more_QL efficient_JJ and_CC F18 29 businesslike_JJ ,_, but_CC on_IN the_ATI personal_JJ F18 30 side_NN of_IN births_NNS ,_, deaths_NNS and_CC marriages_NNS women_NNS F18 30 have_HV a_AT more_QL sympathetic_JJ F18 31 approach_NN ._. **'_**' F18 32 ^ I_PP1A could_MD see_VB Miss_NPT Horrocks'_NP$ point_NN ._. ^ F18 32 neither_DTX her_PP$ conventional_JJ ,_, F18 33 impersonal_JJ office_NN nor_CC her_PP$ plain_JJ black_JJ suit_NN F18 33 could_MD deflect_VB from_IN the_ATI warm_JJ F18 34 personality_NN of_IN this_DT woman_NN who_WPR records_VBZ the_ATI F18 34 greatest_JJT dramas_NNS of_IN our_PP$ F18 35 lives_NNS ._. F18 36 ^ with_IN Miss_NPT Horrocks_NP ,_, her_PP$ job_NN is_BEZ not_XNOT F18 36 just_RB a_AT matter_NN of_IN making_VBG an_AT F18 37 entry_NN in_IN an_AT official_JJ book_NN ,_, issuing_VBG an_AT F18 37 official_JJ certificate_NN ._. ^ when_WRB a_AT F18 38 woman_NN who_WPR is_BEZ newly_RB widowed_VBN comes_VBZ to_TO F18 38 register_VB her_PP$ husband's_NN$ death_NN ,_, Miss_NPT F18 39 Horrocks_NP can_MD sense_VB at_RB once_RB" if_CS she_PP3A needs_VBZ F18 39 a_AT friendly_JJ ear_NN ._. F18 40 ^ *'_*' do_DO n't_XNOT worry_VB ,_, **'_**' she_PP3A will_MD say_VB F18 40 with_IN gentle_JJ patience_NN ._. ^ *'_*' I_PP1A 'm_BEM here_RN F18 41 to_TO help_VB you_PP2 ._. ^ now_RN sit_VB down_RP and_CC tell_VB F18 41 me_PP1O about_IN it_PP3 ..._... F18 42 ._. **'_**' ^ with_IN a_AT girl_NN registering_VBG an_AT F18 42 illegitimate_JJ birth_NN ,_, her_PP$ manner_NN is_BEZ F18 43 similarly_RB sympathetic_JJ ._. F18 44 ^ one_CD1 such_ABL girl_NN expressed_VBD the_ATI feelings_NNS of_IN F18 44 many_AP :_: ^ *'_*' when_WRB I_PP1A walked_VBD in_IN F18 45 here_RN and_CC saw_VBD the_ATI registrar_NN was_BEDZ this_DT kind_JJ F18 45 lady_NN I_PP1A was_BEDZ so_QL relieved_JJ ._. **'_**' F18 46 ^ one_CD1 reason_NN ,_, perhaps_RB ,_, why_WRB Miss_NPT Horrocks_NP F18 46 has_HVZ this_DT work_NN at_IN her_PP$ F18 47 finger-tips_NNS is_BEZ that_CS she_PP3A was_BEDZ born_VBN into_IN F18 47 the_ATI business_NN !_! ^ her_PP$ father_NN ,_, too_RB ,_, F18 48 was_BEDZ a_AT registrar_NN ,_, and_CC though_CS she_PP3A had_HVD F18 48 originally_RB hoped_VBN to_TO be_BE a_AT nurse_NN ,_, F18 49 Miss_NPT Horrocks_NP found_VBD herself_PPL following_VBG in_IN his_PP$ F18 49 footsteps_NNS ._. F18 50 ^ *'_*' it_PP3 's_BEZ in_IN registering_VBG births_NNS that_CS F18 50 our_PP$ real_JJ test_NN comes_VBZ ,_, especially_RB F18 51 when_WRB the_ATI mother_NN chooses_VBZ an_AT impossible_JJ name_NN ._. ^ F18 51 incidentally_RB ,_, it_PP3 's_BEZ always_RB F18 52 the_ATI Mums_NPTS who_WPR are_BER fanciful_JJ !_! F18 53 ^ back_RP to_IN old_JJ names_NNS ._. F18 54 ^ *'_*' if_CS the_ATI father_NN is_BEZ in_IN doubt_NN about_IN F18 54 the_ATI name_NN ,_, or_CC perhaps_RB does_DOZ n't_XNOT F18 55 even_RB know_VB the_ATI wife's_NN$ choice_NN if_CS he_PP3A is_BEZ F18 55 away_RP ,_, often_RB I_PP1A can_MD influence_VB the_ATI F18 56 balance_NN of_IN opinion_NN ._. ^ but_CC if_CS both_ABX parents_NNS F18 56 approve_VB I_PP1A must_MD comply_VB with_IN F18 57 their_PP$ wishes_NNS ._. F18 58 ^ *'_*' one_CD1 wife_NN wanted_VBD to_TO name_VB her_PP$ baby_NN F18 58 daughter_NN Rowena_NP *-_*- Ophelia_NP *-_*- F18 59 Elvira_NP *-_*- Cardetta_NP *-_*- Osberga_NP *-_*- after_IN the_ATI F18 59 ships_NNS on_IN which_WDTR her_PP$ sailor_NN F18 60 husband_NN had_HVD served_VBN ._. ^ in_IN this_DT case_NN the_ATI F18 60 husband_NN was_BEDZ thrilled_JJ with_IN the_ATI F18 61 names_NNS ,_, so_CS I_PP1A could_MD do_DO no_ATI more_AP !_! **'_**' F18 62 ^ Miss_NPT Horrocks_NP smiled_VBD ._. ^ *'_*' lately_RB I_PP1A F18 62 've_HV registered_VBN very_QL few_AP strange_JJ F18 63 names_NNS ._. ^ even_RB the_ATI fashion_NN of_IN calling_VBG babies_NNS F18 63 after_IN film_NN stars_NNS is_BEZ n't_XNOT so_QL F18 64 popular_JJ these_DTS days_NNS ._. ^ we_PP1AS seem_VB to_TO be_BE F18 64 having_HVG a_AT swing_NN back_RP to_IN the_ATI F18 65 old-fashioned_JJ ,_, tried_JJ and_CC trusted_JJ names_NNS *-_*- F18 65 especially_RB Mark_NP for_IN boys_NNS and_CC F18 66 Jane_NP for_IN girls_NNS ._. **'_**' F18 67 ^ the_ATI next_AP step_NN on_IN the_ATI path_NN of_IN life_NN *-_*- F18 67 marriage_NN *-_*- is_BEZ a_AT routine_JJ job_NN F18 68 for_IN Miss_NPT Horrocks_NP ,_, but_CC it_PP3 occupies_VBZ most_AP F18 68 of_IN her_PP$ time_NN !_! F18 69 ^ apart_IN from_IN" ceremonies_NNS conducted_VBN in_IN her_PP$ F18 69 office_NN by_IN the_ATI F18 70 superintendent_NN Registrar_NPT ,_, each_DT Saturday_NR she_PP3A 's_BEZ F18 70 off_RP on_IN a_AT round_NN of_IN Roman_JNP F18 71 catholic_JJ and_CC other_AP non-conformist_JJ churches_NNS where_WRB F18 71 it_PP3 is_BEZ necessary_JJ for_IN a_AT F18 72 registrar_NN to_TO be_BE present_JJ at_IN a_AT marriage_NN ceremony_NN F18 72 ._. F18 73 ^ *'_*' I_PP1A 've_HV spent_VBN more_AP time_NN waiting_VBG at_IN F18 73 the_ATI church_NN than_IN any_DTI other_AP woman_NN F18 74 in_IN Lancashire_NP ,_, **'_**' laughs_VBZ Miss_NPT Horrocks_NP ._. ^ F18 74 *'_*' when_WRB a_AT bride_NN is_BEZ late_JJ I_PP1A 'm_BEM on_IN F18 75 tenterhooks_NNS *-_*- wondering_VBG if_CS I_PP1A 'll_MD be_BE in_IN F18 75 time_NN for_IN my_PP$ next_AP wedding_NN ._. F18 76 ^ *'_*' but_CC I_PP1A do_DO n't_XNOT really_RB mind_VB ._. ^ it_PP3 F18 76 's_BEZ the_ATI bride's_NN$ great_JJ day_NN ._. F18 77 ^ *'_*' I_PP1A have_HV never_RB been_BEN married_VBN myself_PPL ,_, F18 77 but_CC if_CS I_PP1A had_HVD ,_, I_PP1A know_VB I_PP1A 'd_MD have_HV F18 78 been_BEN late_JJ ,_, too_RB !_! F18 79 ^ *'_*' I_PP1A always_RB enjoy_VB watching_VBG a_AT wedding_NN ._. ^ F18 79 today_NR a_AP great_AP" many_AP" of_IN the_ATI F18 80 girls_NNS are_BER wearing_VBG those_DTS pretty_JJ Princess_NPT F18 80 Margaret_NP style_NN bridal_JJ F18 81 headdresses_NNS ,_, and_CC they_PP3AS wear_VB more_QL elaborate_JJ F18 81 dresses_NNS than_CS they_PP3AS used_VBD to_TO F18 82 do_DO ._. ^ but_CC the_ATI grooms_NNS are_BER usually_RB more_QL F18 82 nervous_JJ ._. **'_**' F18 83 ^ only_RB one_CD1 hitch_NN in_IN years_NNS ._. F18 84 ^ in_IN her_PP$ long_JJ career_NN Miss_NPT Horrocks_NP has_HVZ F18 84 known_VBN only_RB one_CD1 marriage_NN F18 85 hitch_NN *-_*- last_AP summer_NN ,_, when_WRB ex-assistant-hangman_NN F18 85 Brian_NP Allen_NP and_CC his_PP$ F18 86 Spanish_JNP bride_NN Angela_NP Corillo_NP went_VBD through_IN a_AT F18 86 marriage_NN ceremony_NN at_IN a_AT F18 87 Roman_JNP catholic_JJ church_NN ,_, but_CC forgot_VBD to_TO inform_VB F18 87 Miss_NPT Horrocks_NP ._. F18 88 ^ *'_*' they_PP3AS were_BED therefore_RB not_XNOT legally_RB F18 88 married_VBN !_! **'_**' Miss_NPT Horrocks_NP told_VBD F18 89 me_PP1O ._. ^ *'_*' still_RB ,_, it_PP3 was_BEDZ all_ABN put_VBN F18 89 right_JJ ._. ^ they_PP3AS delayed_VBD their_PP$ honeymoon_NN and_CC F18 90 came_VBD to_IN me_PP1O for_IN a_AT special_JJ licence_NN ._. **'_**' F18 91 ^ Miss_NPT Horrocks_NP holds_VBZ another_DT record_NN ._. F18 92 ^ one_CD1 morning_NN she_PP3A attended_VBD a_AT wedding_NN ,_, F18 92 two_CD and_CC a_AT half_ABN hours_NNS later_RBR F18 93 she_PP3A was_BEDZ informed_VBN the_ATI bride_NN had_HVD given_VBN F18 93 birth_NN to_IN twins_NNS and_CC that_CS one_CD1 of_IN F18 94 the_ATI babies_NNS had_HVD died_VBN ._. ^ so_RB in_IN the_ATI space_NN F18 94 of_IN a_AT day_NN she_PP3A had_HVD registered_VBN a_AT F18 95 marriage_NN ,_, two_CD births_NNS and_CC a_AT death_NN *-_*- all_ABN F18 95 in_IN one_CD1 family_NN !_! F18 96 ^ and_CC what_WDT of_IN Miss_NPT Horrocks'_NP$ own_AP life_NN ?_? F18 97 ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ very_QL much_RB drama-free_JJ ,_, she_PP3A F18 97 admits_VBZ ._. ^ she_PP3A shares_VBZ a_AT house_NN with_IN F18 98 a_AT retired_JJ headmistress_NN ,_, belongs_VBZ to_IN an_AT F18 98 exclusive_JJ women's_NNS$ club_NN ,_, does_DOZ n't_XNOT F18 99 do_DO much_AP in_IN the_ATI way_NN of_IN hobbies_NNS because_CS F18 99 she_PP3A has_HVZ n't_XNOT the_ATI time_NN ._. F18 100 ^ *'_*' but_CC after_IN my_PP$ daily_JJ panorama_NN of_IN the_ATI F18 100 highlights_NNS in_IN other_AP people's_NNS$ F18 101 lives_NNS ,_, I_PP1A 'm_BEM perfectly_RB content_JJ with_IN a_AT F18 101 quiet_JJ life_NN of_IN my_PP$ own_AP ,_, **'_**' she_PP3A F18 102 smiled_VBD ._. F18 103 ^ did_DOD you_PP2 know_VB the_ATI part_NN a_AT registrar_NN plays_NNS F18 103 in_IN your_PP$ life_NN ?_? F18 104 ^ births_NNS ._. F18 105 ^ the_ATI birth_NN of_IN a_AT baby_NN should_MD be_BE reported_VBN F18 105 to_IN the_ATI registrar_NN within_IN F18 106 forty-two_CD days_NNS ._. ^ there_EX is_BEZ a_AT fee_NN of_IN 3_CD F18 106 \0s_NNU 9_CD \0d_NNU for_IN a_AT certified_JJ copy_NN F18 107 and_CC 9_CD \0d_NNU for_IN short_JJ birth_NN certificate_NN ._. F18 108 ^ if_CS you_PP2 later_RBR regret_VB your_PP$ choice_NN of_IN F18 108 Christian_JNP names_NNS and_CC want_VB to_TO F18 109 change_VB them_PP3OS or_CC make_VB an_AT addition_NN ,_, this_DT can_MD F18 109 be_BE done_VBN at_IN the_ATI Registrar's_NPT$ F18 110 office_NN within_IN a_AT year_NN of_IN first_RB registering_VBG the_ATI F18 110 birth_NN ._. ^ the_ATI birth_NN F18 111 certificate_NN will_MD then_RN be_BE amended_VBN for_IN a_AT fee_NN F18 111 of_IN 1_CD1 \0s_NNU 6_CD \0d_NNU F18 112 ._. ^ a_AT Christian_JNP name_NN or_CC names_NNS can_MD be_BE F18 112 changed_VBN ,_, through_IN baptism_NN ,_, at_IN any_DTI F18 113 time_NN ._. F18 114 ^ marriages_NNS ._. F18 115 ^ for_IN a_AT marriage_NN by_IN certificate_NN (_( the_ATI usual_JJ F18 115 form_NN of_IN marriage_NN )_) the_ATI F18 116 registrar_NN requires_VBZ twenty-one_CD clear_JJ days'_NNS$ notice_NN F18 116 ._. ^ the_ATI fee_NN is_BEZ 3_CD \0s_NNU if_CS F18 117 the_ATI couple_NN wishing_VBG to_TO be_BE married_VBN live_JJ in_IN F18 117 the_ATI same_AP district_NN ,_, 6_CD \0s_NNU if_CS F18 118 they_PP3AS live_VB in_IN different_JJ districts_NNS ._. F18 119 ^ the_ATI fee_NN for_IN marriage_NN at_IN three_CD days'_NNS$ F18 119 notice_NN is_BEZ *+2_NNU 8_CD \0s_NNU ._. ^ this_DT F18 120 covers_VBZ the_ATI cost_NN of_IN a_AT licence_NN only_RB ._. F18 121 ^ the_ATI licence_NN for_IN a_AT church_NN wedding_NN without_IN F18 121 the_ATI waiting_NN time_NN for_IN F18 122 banns_NNS to_TO be_BE called_VBN costs_NNS *+2_NNU 15_CD \0s_NNU ._. ^ F18 122 (_( not_XNOT under_IN a_AT registrar's_NN$ F18 123 jurisdiction_NN ._. )_) F18 124 ^ contrary_JJ to_IN popular_JJ belief_NN ,_, a_AT special_JJ F18 124 licence_NN is_BEZ not_XNOT one_CD1 which_WDTR F18 125 enables_VBZ a_AT couple_NN to_TO marry_VB quickly_RB ._. ^ this_DT F18 125 special_JJ licence_NN is_BEZ granted_VBN by_IN F18 126 the_ATI appropriate_JJ Bishop_NPT only_RB in_IN exceptional_JJ F18 126 circumstances_NNS (_( for_IN example_NN ,_, F18 127 when_WRB a_AT couple_NN wish_NN to_TO marry_VB in_IN a_AT district_NN F18 127 where_WRB they_PP3AS neither_DTX live_VB nor_CC F18 128 worship_VB or_CC in_IN a_AT place_NN which_WDTR is_BEZ not_XNOT F18 128 licensed_JJ for_IN marriage_NN *-_*- a_AT college_NN F18 129 chapel_NN ,_, \0etc_RB )_) ._. ^ there_EX is_BEZ no_ATI set_JJ F18 129 waiting_NN period_NN before_CS a_AT special_JJ F18 130 licence_NN wedding_NN takes_VBZ place_NN ,_, and_CC it_PP3 costs_VBZ F18 130 *+25_NNU ._. F18 131 ^ deaths_NNS ._. F18 132 ^ when_WRB a_AT doctor_NN has_HVZ issued_VBN a_AT certificate_NN F18 132 showing_VBG the_ATI cause_NN of_IN F18 133 death_NN ,_, this_DT must_MD be_BE taken_VBN to_IN the_ATI registrar_NN F18 133 ,_, who_WPR will_MD then_RN issue_VB an_AT F18 134 official_JJ burial_NN or_CC cremation_NN certificate_NN ._. ^ this_DT F18 134 is_BEZ needed_VBN before_CS F18 135 burial_NN or_CC cremation_NN can_MD take_VB place_NN and_CC is_BEZ F18 135 issued_VBN free_JJ of_IN charge_NN ._. ^ all_ABN F18 136 certificates_NNS for_IN personal_JJ purposes_NNS must_MD be_BE paid_VBN F18 136 ._. ^ the_ATI fee_NN charged_VBN is_BEZ F18 137 according_IN to_IN" the_ATI purpose_NN for_IN which_WDTR the_ATI F18 137 certificates_NNS are_BER needed_VBN ._. F18 138 ^ most_AP of_IN us_PP1OS have_HV lived_VBN through_IN it_PP3 *-_*- F18 138 that_DT moment_NN when_WRB all_ABN hope_NN of_IN F18 139 happiness_NN seems_VBZ lost_JJ for_RB ever_RB" ._. F18 140 ^ they_PP3AS said_VBD they_PP3AS 'd_MD never_RB love_VB again_RB ._. F18 141 ^ *'_*' never_RB !_! ^ I_PP1A 'll_MD never_RB get_VB over_IN F18 141 him_PP3O ._. ^ I_PP1A know_VB I_PP1A 'll_MD never_RB love_VB F18 142 again_RB ._. **'_**' ^ the_ATI girl_NN threw_VBD herself_PPL ,_, F18 142 sobbing_VBG ,_, on_IN the_ATI bed_NN ._. ^ for_IN hours_NNS *-_*- F18 143 or_CC so_PN it_PP3 seemed_VBD *-_*- she_PP3A lay_VBD there_RN ,_, F18 143 the_ATI victim_NN of_IN a_AT bleak_JJ all-enveloping_JJ F18 144 despair_NN ._. ^ for_IN the_ATI moment_NN ,_, at_IN any_DTI rate_NN ,_, F18 144 she_PP3A knew_VBD that_CS this_DT man_NN ,_, who_WPR had_HVD F18 145 so_QL recently_RB gone_VBN out_RP of_IN her_PP$ life_NN ,_, would_MD F18 145 be_BE in_IN her_PP$ heart_NN for_RB ever_RB" ._. F18 146 ^ she_PP3A would_MD never_RB get_VB over_IN him_PP3O ..._... F18 147 ._. ^ this_DT scene_NN ,_, which_WDTR surely_RB every_AT woman_NN F18 147 has_HVZ lived_VBN through_IN herself_PPL ,_, F18 148 goes_VBZ on_RP everywhere_RB ,_, all_ABN the_ATI time_NN ._. ^ the_ATI F18 148 broken_JJ romance_NN ,_, the_ATI terrible_JJ F18 149 grief_NN when_WRB you_PP2 realise_VB that_CS the_ATI one_CD1 you_PP2 F18 149 love_VB has_HVZ gone_VBN out_RP of_IN your_PP$ life_NN F18 150 for_RB ever_RB" ..._... F18 151 ._. ^ but_CC here_RN is_BEZ a_AT heartening_JJ thing_NN :_: to_IN F18 151 almost_RB everyone_PN who_WPR has_HVZ ever_RB F18 152 loved_VBN and_CC lost_VBN ,_, there_EX comes_VBZ ,_, in_IN time_NN ,_, F18 152 another_DT love_NN ,_, another_DT day_NN when_WRB F18 153 the_ATI heart_NN sings_VBZ through_IN joy_NN of_IN loving_VBG ..._... F18 154 ._. ^ time_NN ,_, it_PP3 is_BEZ true_JJ ,_, heals_VBZ even_RB F18 154 the_ATI most_QL bruised_JJ hearts_NNS ._. ^ time_NN ,_, and_CC F18 155 a_AT second_OD love_NN ._. ^ those_DTS unlucky_JJ enough_QLP to_TO F18 155 be_BE going_VBG through_IN just_RB this_DT sad_JJ F18 156 phase_NN in_IN life_NN right_RB now_RN ,_, may_MD look_VB at_IN F18 156 some_DTI of_IN the_ATI great_JJ loves_NNS of_IN recent_JJ F18 157 years_NNS ,_, loves_NNS that_WPR have_HV come_VBN to_IN nothing_PN F18 157 or_CC have_HV ended_VBN tragically_RB and_CC F18 158 yet_RB whose_WP$R partners_NNS have_HV gone_VBN on_RP to_TO love_VB F18 158 again_RB *-_*- and_CC take_VB heart_NN !_! F18 159 ^ look_VB first_RB at_IN the_ATI most_QL ill-fated_JJ romance_NN F18 159 of_IN the_ATI century_NN ._. ^ that_DT F18 160 of_IN Princess_NPT Margaret_NP and_CC Peter_NP Townsend_NP ._. F18 161 ^ if_CS ever_RB there_EX was_BEDZ a_AT modern_JJ fairy-tale_NN F18 161 that_WPR went_VBD wrong_RB ,_, then_RN F18 162 Margaret's_NP$ and_CC Peter's_NP$ must_MD surely_RB be_BE it_PP3 ._. F18 163 ^ after_IN two_CD long_JJ years_NNS ._. F18 164 ^ they_PP3AS knew_VBD each_PPLS other_PPLS" for_IN thirteen_CD F18 164 years_NNS ,_, first_RB met_VBD when_WRB F18 165 Margaret_NP was_BEDZ a_AT boisterous_JJ schoolgirl_NN and_CC Peter_NP F18 165 the_ATI *'_*' new_JJ boy_NN **'_**' at_IN the_ATI F18 166 Palace_NPL ._. F18 167 ^ when_WRB it_PP3 was_BEDZ discovered_VBN in_IN royal_JJ circles_NNS F18 167 that_CS they_PP3AS were_BED in_IN love_NN ,_, F18 168 Peter_NP was_BEDZ posted_VBN to_IN Brussels_NP as_IN an_AT air_NN F18 168 attache*?2_NN ._. ^ they_PP3AS had_HVD to_TO be_BE F18 169 apart_RP for_IN two_CD years_NNS ,_, perhaps_RB to_TO test_VB if_CS F18 169 their_PP$ love_NN was_BEDZ strong_JJ enough_QLP F18 170 to_TO bear_VB the_ATI separation_NN ._. F18 171 ^ it_PP3 was_BEDZ ._. ^ in_IN the_ATI autumn_NN of_IN 1955_CD ,_, F18 171 Peter_NP Townsend_NP flew_VBD back_RP home_NR and_CC F18 172 went_VBD straight_RB to_IN Clarence_NP House_NPL to_TO meet_VB F18 172 Margaret_NP ._. F18 173 ^ in_IN New_NP York_NP the_ATI papers_NNS headlined_VBD the_ATI F18 173 news_NN :_: ^ only_RB a_AT matter_NN of_IN F18 174 hours_NNS now_RN ._. ^ but_CC the_ATI hours_NNS spun_VBD out_RP into_IN F18 174 days_NNS ,_, the_ATI days_NNS into_IN weeks_NNS ._. F18 175 ^ indeed_RB it_PP3 was_BEDZ eighteen_CD days_NNS before_CS Margaret_NP F18 175 finally_RB decided_VBD ._. F18 176 ^ during_IN that_DT time_NN they_PP3AS were_BED constantly_RB in_IN F18 176 each_PPLS other's_PPLS" company_NN ._. F18 177 ^ either_DTX at_IN Clarence_NP House_NPL or_CC in_IN the_ATI homes_NRS F18 177 of_IN their_PP$ friends_NNS ._. F18 178 ^ four_CD private_JJ dinner_NN parties_NNS were_BED given_VBN for_IN F18 178 them_PP3OS in_IN London_NP ._. ^ twice_RB F18 179 they_PP3AS spent_VBD the_ATI weekend_NN as_IN guests_NNS of_IN close_JJ F18 179 friends_NNS in_IN the_ATI country_NN ._. F18 180 ^ they_PP3AS walked_VBD hand_NN in_IN hand_NN under_IN the_ATI F18 180 trees_NNS aglow_JJ with_IN autumn_NN F18 181 colours_NNS ,_, and_CC went_VBD over_IN the_ATI problem_NN endlessly_RB F18 181 ,_, again_RB and_CC again_RB and_CC F18 182 again_RB ..._... F18 183 ._. ^ it_PP3 was_BEDZ no_RB good_JJ ,_, and_CC they_PP3AS both_ABX F18 183 knew_VBD it_PP3 ._. ^ Peter_NP Townsend_NP had_HVD been_BEN F18 184 the_ATI innocent_JJ party_NN in_IN a_AT divorce_NN case_NN ._. ^ and_CC F18 184 that_DT was_BEDZ enough_DTI to_TO make_VB him_PP3O F18 185 unsuitable_JJ by_IN royal_JJ standards_NNS ._. F18 186 ^ their_PP$ first_OD meeting_NN ._. F18 187 ^ alone_JJ in_IN the_ATI Clarence_NP House_NPL drawing-room_NN on_IN F18 187 the_ATI day_NN when_WRB F18 188 she_PP3A made_VBD public_JJ the_ATI renunciation_NN of_IN her_PP$ F18 188 love_NN ,_, Margaret_NP read_VBD through_RP F18 189 once_RB more_RBR the_ATI draft_NN of_IN a_AT personal_JJ message_NN ,_, F18 189 which_WDTR in_IN a_AT hundred_CD and_CC F18 190 fourteen_CD words_NNS ,_, told_VBD the_ATI world_NN of_IN her_PP$ F18 190 decision_NN :_: ^ *'_*' I_PP1A would_MD like_VB it_PP3 to_TO F18 191 be_BE known_VBN that_CS I_PP1A have_HV decided_VBN not_XNOT to_TO F18 191 marry_VB group_NN Captain_NPT Townsend_NP ..._... F18 192 ._. **'_**' ^ few_AP of_IN us_PP1OS will_MD forget_VB the_ATI F18 192 heartbreaking_JJ pictures_NNS of_IN Margaret_NP that_WPR F18 193 were_BED in_IN the_ATI papers_NNS the_ATI following_JJ day_NN ._. ^ F18 193 bravely_RB ,_, she_PP3A tried_VBD to_TO show_VB a_AT F18 194 face_NN of_IN composure_NN to_IN the_ATI world_NN in_IN true_JJ F18 194 royal_JJ family_NN tradition_NN ._. ^ but_CC no_ATI F18 195 camera_NN could_MD fail_VB to_TO record_VB her_PP$ grief_NN ._. F18 196 ^ a_RB little_RB" later_RBR came_VBD the_ATI story_NN that_CS F18 196 Margaret_NP and_CC Peter_NP had_HVD sworn_VBN F18 197 never_RB to_TO wed_VB ._. ^ the_ATI group_NN Captain_NPT was_BEDZ F18 197 quoted_VBN as_CS having_HVG said_VBN :_: ^ *'_*' as_CS we_PP1AS F18 198 can_MD not_XNOT marry_VB each_PPLS other_PPLS" ,_, then_RN neither_DTX F18 198 of_IN us_PP1OS will_MD ever_RB marry_VB anyone_PN F18 199 else_RB ._. **'_**' ^ but_CC it_PP3 was_BEDZ not_XNOT to_TO be_BE ._. ^ F18 199 and_CC a_AT good_JJ thing_NN ,_, too_RB ._. ^ nobody_PN would_MD F18 200 wish_VB these_DTS two_CD young_JJ people_NNS to_TO go_VB through_IN F18 200 life_NN alone_JJ for_IN the_ATI rest_NN of_IN F18 201 their_PP$ days_NNS ._. F18 202 ^ within_IN five_CD years_NNS from_IN that_DT fateful_JJ October_NR F18 202 evening_NN ,_, both_ABX of_IN them_PP3OS F18 203 had_HVD married_VBN other_AP people_NNS ._. ^ Peter_NP Townsend_NP ,_, F18 203 a_AT pretty_JJ French_JNP girl_NN ,_, who_WPR F18 204 looked_VBD so_QL remarkably_RB like_IN the_ATI Princess_NPT ;_; and_CC F18 204 Margaret_NP the_ATI good-looking_JJ F18 205 photographer_NN ,_, Tony_NP Armstrong-Jones_NP ._. F18 206 ^ it_PP3 had_HVD been_BEN three_CD years_NNS though_RB before_CS F18 206 she_PP3A had_HVD found_VBN another_DT love_NN ._. F18 207 ^ three_CD years_NNS ,_, while_CS she_PP3A nursed_VBD her_PP$ broken_JJ F18 207 heart_NN and_CC looked_VBD sadly_RB on_IN F18 208 all_ABN the_ATI young_JJ men_NNS who_WPR asked_VBD to_TO take_VB F18 208 her_PP3O out_RP ._. F18 209 ^ then_RN on_IN the_ATI night_NN of_IN March_NR 31_CD ,_, 1958_CD F18 209 ,_, she_PP3A went_VBD to_IN a_AT Hallowe'en_NP F18 210 ball_NN at_IN London's_NP$ Dorchester_NP Hotel_NPL with_IN Billy_NP F18 210 Wallace_NP and_CC other_AP F18 211 friends_NNS ._. F19 2 ^ why_WRB intoxicants_NNS ?_? F19 3 ^ man's_NN$ search_NN for_IN immortality_NN ..._... by_IN Wesley_NP F19 3 \0M_NP Clark_NP ._. F19 4 ^ as_QL far_RB back_RP as_IN primitive_JJ man_NN ,_, one_CD1 F19 4 discovers_VBZ him_PP3O directly_RB F19 5 dependent_JJ on_IN the_ATI whims_NNS and_CC moods_NNS of_IN nature_NN F19 5 ._. ^ her_PP$ laws_NNS dared_MD not_XNOT be_BE F19 6 flaunted_VBN by_IN him_PP3O ._. ^ her_PP$ contrasts_NNS ,_, the_ATI F19 6 warm-breathing_JJ summer_NN ,_, with_IN a_AT F19 7 plentiful_JJ supply_NN of_IN everything_PN needful_JJ ,_, relentless_JJ F19 7 winter_NN ,_, when_WRB F19 8 everything_PN seemed_VBD dead_JJ without_IN a_AT shaft_NN of_IN F19 8 sunlight_NN for_IN weeks_NNS at_IN a_AT F19 9 time_NN *-_*- dire_JJB want_NN ._. ^ all_ABN the_ATI suffering_NN F19 9 awakened_VBD and_CC sharpened_VBD in_IN him_PP3O his_PP$ F19 10 perceptive_JJ faculties_NNS ._. F19 11 ^ primitive_JJ man_NN noted_VBD the_ATI mood_NN between_IN the_ATI F19 11 lustrous_JJ sun_NN in_IN the_ATI F19 12 cerulean_JJ vault_NN of_IN the_ATI daytime_NN ,_, and_CC the_ATI F19 12 changing_JJ faces_NNS of_IN the_ATI moon_NN that_WPR F19 13 gleamed_VBD coldly_RB during_IN the_ATI fear-inspiring_JJ night_NN ._. ^ F19 13 he_PP3A wondered_VBD at_IN the_ATI F19 14 mysterious_JJ stars_NNS that_WPR seemed_VBD at_IN times_NNS to_TO F19 14 travel_VB across_IN the_ATI vision_NN of_IN F19 15 the_ATI black_JJ face_NN of_IN the_ATI night_NN ._. ^ occasionally_RB F19 15 ,_, these_DTS shimmering_JJ stars_NNS F19 16 plunged_VBD downward_RB toward_IN the_ATI earth_NN at_IN tremendous_JJ F19 16 speed_NN ._. ^ then_RN there_EX F19 17 were_BED times_NNS when_WRB the_ATI sky_NN would_MD change_VB from_IN F19 17 tranquillity_NN to_IN sudden_JJ F19 18 anger_NN ._. ^ great_JJ ominous_JJ clouds_NNS galloped_VBD across_IN F19 18 the_ATI heavenly_JJ firmament_NN ,_, F19 19 writhing_VBG and_CC with_IN diabolical_JJ unpredictability_NN ,_, F19 19 seemingly_RB resembling_VBG F19 20 unleashed_JJ monsters_NNS ,_, spitting_VBG fire_NN ,_, roaring_VBG F19 20 angrily_RB ,_, and_CC emptying_VBG F19 21 deluges_NNS of_IN water_NN to_IN the_ATI earth_NN ._. ^ why_WRB ?_? F19 21 man_NN asked_VBD himself_PPL ._. ^ who_WP ?_? ^ what_WDT F19 22 does_DOZ all_ABN this_DT ?_? F19 23 ^ when_WRB a_AT member_NN of_IN man's_NN$ family_NN died_VBD ,_, F19 23 the_ATI body_NN ,_, which_WDTR only_RB an_AT hour_NN F19 24 before_RI had_HVD been_BEN warm_JJ ,_, talked_VBD and_CC breathed_VBD F19 24 ,_, suddenly_RB was_BEDZ inert_JJ and_CC F19 25 cold_JJ ._. ^ its_PP$ appearance_NN had_HVD not_XNOT changed_VBN F19 25 outwardly_RB ,_, yet_CC it_PP3 was_BEDZ not_XNOT the_ATI F19 26 same_AP ._. ^ there_EX was_BEDZ no_RB longer_RBR the_ATI rhythmic_JJ F19 26 breathing_NN ._. ^ with_IN the_ATI last_AP F19 27 gasp_NN ,_, life_NN departed_VBD ._. ^ breath_NN ,_, then_RN ,_, F19 27 was_BEDZ life_NN ._. ^ but_CC where_WRB had_HVN breath_NN F19 28 gone_VBN ?_? F19 29 ^ and_CC he_PP3A could_MD smell_VB the_ATI aroma_NN of_IN the_ATI F19 29 flowers_NNS ,_, the_ATI pungent_JJ F19 30 exhalations_NNS from_IN the_ATI trees_NNS ,_, the_ATI earth_NN ._. ^ F19 30 the_ATI thought_NN occurred_VBD to_IN him_PP3O ,_, F19 31 all_ABN this_DT is_BEZ like_IN my_PP$ breath_NN *-_*- my_PP$ breath_NN F19 31 which_WDTR vanishes_VBZ when_WRB I_PP1A die_VB ._. ^ and_CC F19 32 when_WRB I_PP1A die_VB ,_, where_WRB do_DO I_PP1A go_VB ?_? F19 33 ^ these_DTS phenomena_NNS which_WDTR man_NN experienced_VBD F19 33 eventually_RB evolved_VBD into_IN a_AT F19 34 conception_NN of_IN one_CD1 or_CC more_AP spiritual_JJ beings_NNS of_IN F19 34 invisible_JJ forces_NNS or_CC F19 35 powers_NNS within_IN the_ATI many_AP objects_NNS about_IN him_PP3O ._. ^ F19 35 it_PP3 was_BEDZ the_ATI breath_NN that_WPR F19 36 separated_VBD from_IN the_ATI live_JJ body_NN and_CC departed_VBD F19 36 elsewhere_RB ,_, leaving_VBG behind_RP F19 37 the_ATI inanimate_JJ ,_, which_WDTR gave_VBD first_RB rise_NN to_IN F19 37 the_ATI conception_NN of_IN spirits_NNS ._. F19 38 ^ everywhere_RB man_NN was_BEDZ this_DT conception_NN existed_VBD F19 38 ._. ^ among_IN the_ATI primal_JJ F19 39 Aryans_NNPS ,_, it_PP3 was_BEDZ called_VBN gust_NN ,_, breath_NN or_CC F19 39 whiff_NN ._. ^ the_ATI Greeks_NNPS F19 40 termed_VBD it_PP3 atman_&FW ,_, breath_NN ,_, air_NN ;_; or_CC ,_, F19 40 pneuma_&FW ,_, air_NN ._. ^ the_ATI Romans_NNPS ,_, F19 41 whether_CS of_IN ancient_JJ pagan_JJ days_NNS or_CC modern_JJ F19 41 Christian_JNP times_NNS ,_, used_VBD the_ATI term_NN F19 42 spiritus_&FW for_IN breath_NN ;_; while_CS geist_&FW ,_, ghost_NN ,_, F19 42 gast_&FW ,_, or_CC gaest_&FW ,_, F19 43 was_BEDZ the_ATI way_NN the_ATI German_NNP and_CC his_PP$ Teutonic_JNP F19 43 forebears_NNS summed_VBD it_PP3 up_RP ._. ^ the_ATI F19 44 conception_NN has_HVZ been_BEN incorporated_VBN almost_RB in_IN its_PP$ F19 44 original_JJ form_NN in_IN the_ATI F19 45 old_JJ testament_NN which_WDTR states_VBZ :_: ^ *'_*' in_IN F19 45 creating_VBG man_NN ,_, God_NP breathed_VBD into_IN him_PP3O F19 46 the_ATI breath_NN of_IN life_NN ,_, the_ATI spirit_NN ,_, the_ATI F19 46 soul_NN ._. **'_**' F19 47 ^ primitive_JJ man's_NN$ logic_NN was_BEDZ naive_JJ ._. ^ upon_IN F19 47 developing_VBG the_ATI concept_NN F19 48 of_IN a_AT world_NN of_IN spirits_NNS ,_, he_PP3A immediately_RB F19 48 entered_VBD upon_IN the_ATI system_NN of_IN F19 49 spirit_NN worship_NN ,_, which_WDTR in_IN its_PP$ most_QL elemental_JJ F19 49 form_NN ,_, was_BEDZ a_AT worship_NN of_IN the_ATI F19 50 dead_JJ ._. ^ the_ATI dead_JJ continued_VBD to_TO live_VB as_IN F19 50 spirits_NNS ;_; in_IN the_ATI wind_NN ,_, the_ATI F19 51 flowers_NNS ,_, the_ATI trees_NNS ,_, the_ATI thunder_NN ,_, the_ATI F19 51 volcano_NN ,_, an_AT animal_NN ._. ^ but_CC it_PP3 did_DOD F19 52 not_XNOT matter_VB so_QL much_RB where_WRB they_PP3AS lived_VBD ,_, F19 52 as_CS that_CS man_NN felt_VBD the_ATI spirits_NNS F19 53 needed_VBD food_NN ,_, both_ABX liquid_JJ and_CC solid_JJ ,_, just_RB F19 53 the_ATI same_AP as_CS when_WRB they_PP3AS still_RB F19 54 dwelt_VBD in_IN their_PP$ mortal_JJ bodies_NNS ._. ^ therefore_RB ,_, F19 54 man_NN deduced_VBD it_PP3 was_BEDZ his_PP$ F19 55 duty_NN *-_*- a_AT sacred_JJ obligation_NN for_IN him_PP3O to_TO F19 55 supply_VB spirits_NNS with_IN food_NN ,_, drink_NN ,_, F19 56 clothing_NN ,_, weapons_NNS ,_, slaves_NNS *-_*- everything_PN he_PP3A F19 56 was_BEDZ used_JJ to_IN using_VBG while_CS he_PP3A F19 57 was_BEDZ alive_JJ ._. ^ this_DT was_BEDZ motivated_VBN through_IN F19 57 fear_NN or_CC love_NN ._. F19 58 ^ in_IN the_ATI occident_NN as_CS in_IN the_ATI orient_NN ,_, in_IN F19 58 Africa_NP ,_, Australia_NP or_CC F19 59 America_NP ,_, wherever_WRB primitive_JJ man_NN or_CC primitive_JJ F19 59 man's_NN$ history_NN may_MD be_BE F19 60 researched_VBN ,_, the_ATI custom_NN became_VBD firmly_RB F19 60 established_JJ ._. ^ nor_CC has_HVZ it_PP3 F19 61 disappeared_VBD today_NR ._. ^ among_IN certain_JJ Christianised_JNP F19 61 people_NNS ,_, the_ATI ritual_NN of_IN F19 62 setting_VBG aside_RP daily_JJ food_NN and_CC drink_NN for_IN the_ATI F19 62 departed_JJ is_BEZ strictly_RB F19 63 adhered_VBN to_IN ;_; or_CC dishes_NNS and_CC beverage_NN are_BER F19 63 taken_VBN on_IN the_ATI anniversary_NN of_IN the_ATI F19 64 dead_JJ to_IN their_PP$ place_NN of_IN burial_NN ._. ^ the_ATI F19 64 libation_NN in_IN honour_NN of_IN the_ATI deceased_JJ F19 65 is_BEZ found_VBN as_IN a_AT part_NN of_IN the_ATI most_QL modern_JJ F19 65 customs_NNS ,_, as_CS when_WRB some_DTI drops_NNS are_BER F19 66 poured_VBN out_RP before_CS a_AT drink_NN is_BEZ taken_VBN :_: the_ATI F19 66 toast_NN ._. F19 67 ^ from_IN this_DT simplest-of-all_JJT worship_NN of_IN the_ATI F19 67 dead_JJ ,_, there_EX gradually_RB F19 68 grew_VBD a_AT worship_NN of_IN spirits_NNS in_RB general_RB" ._. F19 69 ^ this_DT conviction_NN of_IN the_ATI superhuman_JJ and_CC F19 69 following_IN it_PP3 ,_, the_ATI need_NN of_IN F19 70 appeasement_NN either_DTX because_CS of_IN fear_NN or_CC love_NN ,_, F19 70 found_VBD its_PP$ visible_JJ F19 71 expression_NN in_IN offerings_NNS ,_, sacrifices_NNS to_IN the_ATI F19 71 spirits_NNS or_CC deities_NNS ._. ^ and_CC F19 72 what_WDT could_MD be_BE found_VBN more_QL pleasing_JJ to_IN them_PP3OS F19 72 than_IN food_NN and_CC drink_NN ?_? ^ these_DTS F19 73 two_CD items_NNS became_VBD an_AT integral_JJ part_NN of_IN worship_NN F19 73 ._. F19 74 ^ primitive_JJ man's_NN$ first_OD thought_NN at_IN the_ATI birth_NN F19 74 of_IN his_PP$ first_OD F19 75 conception_NN of_IN the_ATI supernatural_JJ survival_NN of_IN his_PP$ F19 75 ancestors'_NNS$ spirits_NNS ,_, to_IN F19 76 whom_WPOR he_PP3A consecrated_VBD sacrifices_NNS ,_, food_NN ,_, and_CC F19 76 drink_NN ,_, evolved_VBD without_IN a_AT F19 77 break_NN for_IN hundreds_CDS of_IN centuries_NNS ._. F19 78 ^ with_IN the_ATI Jews_NNPS ,_, until_IN the_ATI Mosaic_JNP F19 78 period_NN ,_, even_RB until_IN the_ATI F19 79 destruction_NN of_IN Jerusalem_NP ,_, when_WRB bloody_JJ sacrifices_NNS F19 79 were_BED ended_VBN ;_; with_IN the_ATI F19 80 Christians_NNPS of_IN the_ATI Roman_JNP empire_NN ,_, until_IN the_ATI F19 80 reign_NN of_IN Theodosius_NP (_( 392_CD F19 81 \0A.D_RB )_) ,_, when_WRB bloody_JJ sacrifices_NNS were_BED F19 81 abolished_VBN ,_, and_CC only_RB the_ATI F19 82 unbloody_JJ one_CD1 *-_*- the_ATI offertorium_NN at_IN mass_NN *-_*- F19 82 bread_NN and_CC wine_NN has_HVZ gone_VBN on_RP F19 83 unchecked_JJ ._. F19 84 ^ the_ATI fact_NN stands_VBZ out_RP ,_, boldly_RB and_CC F19 84 indisputable_JJ ,_, that_CS deeply_RB rooted_JJ F19 85 in_IN the_ATI human_JJ consciousness_NN there_EX grew_VBD a_AT F19 85 feeling_NN of_IN dependence_NN upon_IN a_AT F19 86 power_NN which_WDTR was_BEDZ able_JJ to_TO discern_VB his_PP$ fate_NN F19 86 for_IN better_JJR or_CC worse_JJR ._. ^ that_DT F19 87 feeling_NN filled_VBD him_PP3O with_IN awe_NN ,_, dread_NN ,_, F19 87 confidence_NN and_CC veneration_NN ._. F19 88 ^ along_IN with_IN" ,_, and_CC as_QL strong_JJ as_IN the_ATI F19 88 consciousness_NN of_IN his_PP$ dependence_NN F19 89 upon_IN the_ATI spirits_NNS *-_*- deities_NNS *-_*- man_NN was_BEDZ F19 89 influenced_VBN by_IN the_ATI reflection_NN that_CS F19 90 it_PP3 was_BEDZ wise_JJ to_TO propitiate_VB ;_; in_IN fact_NN to_TO F19 90 get_VB into_IN communication_NN F19 91 indirectly_RB ,_, or_CC directly_RB if_CS possible_JJ with_IN those_DTS F19 91 supernatural_JJ powers_NNS or_CC F19 92 beings_NNS ._. ^ this_DT he_PP3A attempted_VBD and_CC succeeded_VBD F19 92 in_IN doing_VBG by_IN the_ATI exercise_NN of_IN F19 93 the_ATI various_JJ forms_NNS of_IN worship_NN :_: libations_NNS ,_, F19 93 fastings_NNS ,_, sacrifices_NNS ,_, F19 94 prayers_NNS ,_, singing_VBG or_CC hymns_NNS ,_, dancing_VBG ._. F19 95 ^ prayer_NN ,_, psychic_JJ abandonment_NN and_CC the_ATI many_AP F19 95 kinds_NNS of_IN devotional_JJ F19 96 exercises_NNS induced_VBN in_IN primitive_JJ man_NN ,_, accompanied_VBD F19 96 ,_, as_CS it_PP3 did_DOD in_IN all_ABN his_PP$ F19 97 descendants_NNS ,_, the_ATI condition_NN known_VBN as_IN spiritual_JJ F19 97 elevation_NN and_CC F19 98 exhaltation_NN ,_, followed_VBN by_IN the_ATI more_QL advanced_JJ F19 98 stages_NNS of_IN inspiration_NN F19 99 and_CC ecstasy_NN ._. ^ it_PP3 was_BEDZ only_RB in_IN these_DTS F19 99 later_JJR spiritual_JJ phases_NNS ,_, that_CS F19 100 the_ATI human_JJ mind_NN was_BEDZ able_JJ to_TO step_VB across_IN F19 100 the_ATI threshold_NN of_IN material_JJ F19 101 thought_NN into_IN the_ATI sphere_NN of_IN the_ATI immaterial_JJ or_CC F19 101 supernatural_JJ world_NN ._. ^ in_IN F19 102 these_DTS phases_NNS only_RB ,_, could_MD man_NN leave_VB his_PP$ F19 102 objective_JJ consciousness_NN F19 103 entirely_RB behind_IN him_PP3O ._. ^ there_RN only_RB ,_, he_PP3A F19 103 was_BEDZ able_JJ to_TO feel_VB the_ATI breath_NN ,_, F19 104 the_ATI spirit_NN of_IN the_ATI god_NN ,_, to_TO resemble_VB in_IN F19 104 his_PP$ whole_JJ being_NN the_ATI F19 105 spiritual_JJ entity_NN to_IN the_ATI god_NN ,_, to_TO be_BE filled_VBN F19 105 with_IN it_PP3 ._. ^ in_IN that_DT F19 106 condition_NN ,_, he_PP3A was_BEDZ inspired_JJ ._. F19 107 ^ this_DT fundamental_JJ idea_NN immediately_RB found_VBD its_PP$ F19 107 way_NN into_IN man's_NN$ F19 108 speech_NN ,_, which_WDTR henceforth_RB became_VBD filled_VBN with_IN F19 108 words_NNS and_CC idioms_NNS F19 109 expressing_VBG it_PP3 ._. ^ in_IN theology_NN one_CD1 is_BEZ F19 109 cognisant_JJ of_IN the_ATI inspired_JJ F19 110 prophets_NNS ,_, the_ATI inspiration_NN of_IN the_ATI scriptures_NNS F19 110 ._. ^ there_EX are_BER in_IN F19 111 ordinary_JJ speech_NN the_ATI expressions_NNS :_: the_ATI inspired_JJ F19 111 artist_NN ,_, orator_NN ,_, F19 112 writer_NN ,_, musician_NN *-_*- and_CC on_IN a_AT more_QL profane_JJ F19 112 level_NN ,_, there_EX is_BEZ the_ATI F19 113 inspiration_NN of_IN the_ATI fermented_JJ juice_NN ._. F19 114 ^ side_NN by_IN side_NN with_IN inspiration_NN and_CC its_PP$ F19 114 meaning_NN ,_, in_IN fact_NN identical_JJ F19 115 to_IN it_PP3 in_IN many_AP usages_NNS ,_, came_VBD the_ATI word_NN F19 115 *'_*' enthusiasm_NC ._. **'_**' ^ to_IN the_ATI ancient_JJ F19 116 Greeks_NNPS who_WPR passed_VBD it_PP3 on_RP to_IN the_ATI F19 116 contemporary_JJ world_NN ,_, the_ATI word_NN meant_VBD :_: F19 117 *'_*' in_IN God_NP ,_, **'_**' *'_*' being_BEG in_IN God_NP ,_, **'_**' F19 117 *'_*' united_VBN with_IN God_NP **'_**' ._. (_( en_&FW *-_*- in_IN ,_, F19 118 theos_&FW *-_*- God_NP )_) ._. ^ in_IN common_JJ usage_NN ,_, F19 118 however_RB ,_, enthusiasm_NN has_HVZ come_VBN to_TO F19 119 mean_VB ,_, *'_*' the_ATI intense_JJ ,_, rapturous_JJ feeling_NN F19 119 felt_VBN by_IN individuals_NNS or_CC masses_NNS ,_, F19 120 especially_RB as_CS exhibited_VBN in_IN ardent_JJ zeal_NN or_CC a_AT F19 120 person_NN ,_, F19 121 principle_NN ,_, or_CC cause_NN ._. **'_**' F19 122 ^ back_RP in_IN the_ATI nebulosity_NN of_IN time_NN ,_, there_EX F19 122 developed_VBD in_IN man_NN a_AT F19 123 religious_JJ inspiration_NN and_CC religious_JJ ecstasy_NN produced_VBN F19 123 in_IN their_PP$ F19 124 elemental_JJ form_NN by_IN mental_JJ and_CC immaterial_JJ or_CC F19 124 psychic_JJ agents_NNS ._. ^ later_RBR ,_, F19 125 however_RB ,_, it_PP3 became_VBD necessary_JJ ,_, because_IN of_IN" F19 125 some_DTI crisis_NN or_CC urgent_JJ need_NN F19 126 that_WPR arose_VBD in_IN the_ATI life_NN of_IN the_ATI individual_NN F19 126 or_CC tribe_NN ,_, to_TO propitiate_VB one_CD1 F19 127 of_IN these_DTS deities_NNS ,_, to_TO induce_VB quickly_RB by_IN F19 127 physical_JJ means_NNS this_DT same_AP F19 128 intense_JJ feeling_NN ._. F19 129 ^ out_RP of_IN nature's_NN$ vast_JJ store_NN ,_, it_PP3 was_BEDZ F19 129 a_AT simple_JJ matter_NN to_TO select_VB just_RB F19 130 those_DTS things_NNS which_WDTR would_MD do_DO this_DT ,_, and_CC F19 130 there_EX is_BEZ found_VBN use_NN by_IN man_NN at_IN F19 131 whatever_WDT stage_NN of_IN his_PP$ history_NN ,_, of_IN two_CD F19 131 classes_NNS of_IN material_NN ,_, namely_RB :_: F19 133 1_CD1 ._. ^ narcotics_NNS :_: \0i.e_RB narcotic_JJ roots_NNS ,_, F19 133 leaves_NNS ,_, herbs_NNS ,_, which_WDTR were_BED F19 134 either_DTX eaten_VBN ,_, smoked_VBN or_CC chewed_VBN ;_; and_CC F19 134 incense_NN ._. F19 135 2_CD ._. ^ intoxicants_NNS :_: \0i.e_RB natural_JJ juices_NNS or_CC F19 135 narcotic_JJ ,_, or_CC toxic_JJ F19 136 plants_NNS ,_, or_CC fruits_NNS unfermented_JJ and_CC fermented_JJ F19 136 *-_*- the_ATI prepared_JJ beverages_NNS ._. F19 138 ^ to_IN this_DT list_NN was_BEDZ added_VBN ,_, through_IN man's_NN$ F19 138 own_AP ingenuity_NN ,_, other_AP means_NNS F19 139 of_IN obtaining_VBG the_ATI same_AP end_NN :_: \0e.g_RB ceremonial_JJ F19 139 dances_NNS ,_, singing_NN ,_, and_CC F19 140 incantations_NNS ._. ^ while_CS these_DTS methods_NNS should_MD F19 140 rightly_RB be_BE classed_VBN as_IN F19 141 intermediaries_NNS between_IN physical_JJ and_CC mental_JJ F19 141 stimulation_NN ,_, \0i.e_RB in_IN F19 142 the_ATI realm_NN of_IN religious_JJ auto-suggestion_NN ,_, yet_RB ,_, F19 142 used_VBN in_IN conjunction_NN with_IN F19 143 one_CD1 or_CC more_AP of_IN the_ATI purely_RB physical_JJ and_CC F19 143 mental_JJ agents_NNS ,_, they_PP3AS came_VBD to_TO F19 144 play_VB ,_, through_IN its_PP$ entirety_NN from_IN the_ATI most_QL F19 144 primitive_JJ to_IN the_ATI most_QL modern_JJ ,_, F19 145 a_AT tremendously_RB important_JJ part_NN in_IN the_ATI process_NN F19 145 of_IN worship_NN ._. ^ ample_JJ F19 146 illustrations_NNS of_IN this_DT are_BER to_TO be_BE seen_VBN in_IN F19 146 the_ATI twentieth_OD century_NN ._. ^ for_IN F19 147 example_NN :_: the_ATI singing_NN and_CC music_NN in_IN churches_NNS F19 147 ,_, the_ATI clashing_NN of_IN the_ATI F19 148 tambourines_NNS of_IN the_ATI salvation_NN army_NN as_CS they_PP3AS F19 148 put_VB the_ATI devil_NN on_IN the_ATI run_NN ,_, F19 149 the_ATI incantations_NNS and_CC frenzy_NN attending_VBG them_PP3OS F19 149 of_IN the_ATI revival_NN meetings_NNS ._. F19 150 ^ it_PP3 would_MD be_BE impossible_JJ to_TO express_VB logical_JJ F19 150 doubt_NN as_IN to_IN" whether_CS F19 151 early_JJ man_NN distinguished_VBD between_IN narcotics_NNS and_CC F19 151 intoxicants_NNS ._. ^ they_PP3AS both_ABX F19 152 produced_VBD the_ATI singular_JJ effect_NN desired_VBN ._. ^ but_CC F19 152 during_IN the_ATI awakening_NN of_IN F19 153 human_JJ consciousness_NN and_CC the_ATI first_OD presentiment_NN of_IN F19 153 something_PN beyond_IN his_PP$ F19 154 material_JJ being_NN ,_, the_ATI psychic_JJ intoxication_NN F19 154 differed_VBD from_IN the_ATI physical_JJ F19 155 intoxication_NN only_RB in_IN its_PP$ means_NNS and_CC not_XNOT in_IN F19 155 principle_NN ._. ^ this_DT F19 156 presentiment_NN was_BEDZ coincident_JJ with_IN the_ATI discovery_NN F19 156 of_IN mysterious_JJ forces_NNS in_IN F19 157 certain_JJ of_IN the_ATI products_NNS of_IN nature_NN ,_, and_CC F19 157 which_WDTR possessed_VBD the_ATI power_NN of_IN F19 158 translating_VBG him_PP3O into_IN a_AT condition_NN of_IN bliss_NN ,_, F19 158 of_IN enthusiasm_NN ,_, and_CC ecstasy_NN ._. F19 159 ^ man_NN has_HVZ always_RB followed_VBN complicated_JJ patterns_NNS F19 159 of_IN worship_NN ,_, each_DT F19 160 with_IN his_PP$ own_AP formula_NN for_IN putting_VBG him_PP3O in_IN F19 160 contact_NN with_IN the_ATI world_NN of_IN his_PP$ F19 161 deities_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI various_JJ patterns_NNS of_IN worship_NN ,_, F19 161 upon_IN analysis_NN ,_, prove_VB to_TO be_BE F19 162 merely_RB variations_NNS of_IN the_ATI same_AP original_JJ pattern_NN F19 162 :_: spirit_NN worship_NN and_CC F19 163 worship_NN of_IN the_ATI dead_JJ ._. ^ the_ATI means_NNS by_IN F19 163 which_WDTR man_NN entered_VBD into_IN relationship_NN F19 164 with_IN the_ATI deities_NNS was_BEDZ always_RB the_ATI same_AP ;_; F19 164 and_CC of_IN these_DTS means_NNS ,_, the_ATI F19 165 physical_JJ ,_, and_CC especially_RB the_ATI spirituous_JJ and_CC F19 165 intoxicating_JJ beverages_NNS ,_, F19 166 prepared_VBN by_IN each_DT people_NN in_IN its_PP$ own_AP way_NN ,_, F19 166 has_HVZ always_RB been_BEN an_AT integral_JJ F19 167 and_CC chief_JJB part_NN of_IN every_AT religious_JJ worship_NN ._. ^ F19 167 man_NN ,_, in_IN whatever_WDT clime_NN ,_, F19 168 had_HVD some_DTI plant_NN from_IN which_WDTR he_PP3A obtained_VBD a_AT F19 168 product_NN that_WPR caused_VBD a_AT F19 169 pleasurable_JJ mental_JJ state_NN ,_, and_CC which_WDTR he_PP3A F19 169 elevated_VBD to_IN the_ATI rank_NN of_IN god_NN ._. F19 170 ^ intoxicating_JJ beverages_NNS and_CC religious_JJ worship_NN came_VBD F19 170 up_RP through_IN the_ATI ages_NNS F19 171 blending_VBG with_IN the_ATI human_JJ ,_, essential_JJ elements_NNS F19 171 of_IN the_ATI material_JJ world_NN in_IN F19 172 which_WDTR man_NN lived_VBD ,_, and_CC the_ATI spiritual_JJ world_NN F19 172 toward_IN which_WDTR he_PP3A strived_VBD ._. F19 173 ^ with_IN the_ATI spread_NN of_IN education_NN and_CC attendant_JJ F19 173 complexities_NNS of_IN the_ATI F19 174 processes_NNS of_IN logic_NN ,_, which_WDTR events_NNS led_VBD to_IN F19 174 placing_NN of_IN more_AP and_CC more_AP F19 175 reliance_NN on_IN the_ATI purely_RB spiritual_JJ *-_*- psychic_JJ F19 175 stimulation_NN *-_*- there_EX has_HVZ F19 176 grown_VBN a_AT tendency_NN for_IN man_NN to_TO look_VB with_IN F19 176 disfavour_NN upon_IN the_ATI more_QL physical_JJ F19 177 stimulants_NNS ,_, \0i.e_RB intoxicants_NNS ._. ^ man_NN has_HVZ F19 177 come_VBN by_IN his_PP$ natural_JJ taste_NN F19 178 for_IN ,_, or_CC his_PP$ tendency_NN towards_IN stimulants_NNS and_CC F19 178 intoxicants_NNS by_IN the_ATI law_NN F19 179 of_IN inheritance_NN ._. F19 180 ^ early_JJ man_NN ,_, on_IN the_ATI high_JJ plateaus_NNS of_IN F19 180 central_JJ Asia_NP east_NR of_IN the_ATI F19 181 Caspian_NP Sea_NPL and_CC northwest_NR of_IN Hindustan_NP ,_, were_BED F19 181 pastoral_JJ people_NNS *-_*- the_ATI F19 182 Aryans_NNPS ._. ^ from_IN this_DT mother_NN race_NN ,_, two_CD F19 182 distinct_JJ branches_NNS originated_VBD ._. F19 183 ^ one_CD1 ,_, the_ATI Indo-Europeans_NNPS ,_, gave_VBD rise_NN to_IN F19 183 most_AP of_IN the_ATI European_JNP races_NNS ._. F19 184 ^ the_ATI Kelts_NNPS ,_, who_WPR settled_VBD in_IN Gaul_NP and_CC F19 184 Britain_NP ,_, Ireland_NP ,_, Wales_NP ,_, Scotland_NP ;_; F19 185 the_ATI Germanic_JNP races_NNS ,_, German_JNP ,_, English_JNP ,_, F19 185 Scandinavian_JNP ,_, Dutch_JNP ,_, Flemish_JNP ,_, F19 186 Icelandic_JNP ;_; the_ATI Slavs_NNPS ,_, Russian_JNP ,_, Polish_JNP ,_, F19 186 Slavonian_JNP ,_, Bohemian_JNP ;_; the_ATI F19 187 Greeks_NNPS ;_; the_ATI Latins_NNPS ,_, from_IN whom_WPOR stem_VB F19 187 the_ATI Italian_JNP ,_, French_JNP ,_, Spanish_JNP ,_, F19 188 Portuguese_JNP ,_, and_CC Roumanian_JNP ._. ^ the_ATI other_AP F19 188 branch_NN remained_VBD in_IN Asia_NP and_CC F19 189 became_VBD the_ATI Medes_NNPS ,_, Persians_NNPS ,_, and_CC Hindoos_NNPS F19 189 ._. F19 190 ^ the_ATI mother_NN tongue_NN of_IN the_ATI Indo-European_JNP F19 190 languages_NNS is_BEZ Sanskrit_NP ,_, and_CC F19 191 in_IN this_DT language_NN are_BER written_VBN the_ATI four_CD Vedas_NPS F19 191 ,_, the_ATI holy_JJ writings_NNS of_IN the_ATI F19 192 Brahmans_NNPS ,_, the_ATI oldest_JJT literary_JJ works_NNS of_IN F19 192 these_DTS people_NNS ,_, circa_RB F19 193 10,000_CD years_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI language_NN of_IN the_ATI ancient_JJ F19 193 Persia_NP is_BEZ the_ATI so-called_JJB F19 194 Zend_NP ,_, and_CC the_ATI Zend-Avesta_NP contains_VBZ the_ATI F19 194 sacred_JJ writings_NNS of_IN this_DT branch_NN F19 195 of_IN the_ATI Sanskrit_NP tongue_NN ._. F19 196 ^ the_ATI oldest_JJT Vedic_JNP book_NN (_( hymn_NN Veda_NP )_) ,_, F19 196 the_ATI *'_*' Bible_NP of_IN the_ATI Hindoos_NNPS **'_**' ,_, F19 197 states_VBZ clearly_RB about_IN Soma_NP ._. ^ *'_*' Soma_NP ,_, the_ATI F19 197 creator_NN and_CC Father_NPT of_IN the_ATI F19 198 gods_NNS ;_; god_NN Soma_NP declares_VBZ the_ATI birth_NN of_IN the_ATI F19 198 gods_NNS ;_; this_DT god_NN poured_VBD forth_RP F19 199 the_ATI gods_NNS ;_; King_NPT of_IN gods_NNS and_CC men_NNS ,_, and_CC F19 199 he_PP3A confers_VBZ immortality_NN on_IN gods_NNS and_CC F19 200 men_NNS ._. **'_**' F19 201 ^ Soma_NP a_AT plant_NN ,_, and_CC Soma_NP ,_, an_AT intoxicating_JJ F19 201 beverage_NN ,_, as_IN F19 202 father_NN of_IN the_ATI gods_NNS ,_, pre-existed_VBD before_IN ,_, F19 202 and_CC above_IN all_ABN gods_NNS ,_, king_NN of_IN F19 203 material_JJ and_CC immaterial_JJ universe_NN *-_*- immortality_NN ._. F20 2 ^ guarding_VBG Lakeland's_NP$ life_NN and_CC beauty_NN ._. F20 3 ^ in_IN 1937_CD ,_, when_WRB the_ATI idea_NN of_IN Lakeland_NP F20 3 becoming_VBG a_AT *'_*' national_JJ F20 4 park_NN **'_**' was_BEDZ an_AT idea_NN only_RB ,_, as_CS was_BEDZ F20 4 the_ATI town_NN and_CC country_NN planning_NN act_NN ,_, F20 5 there_EX were_BED increasing_JJ dangers_NNS in_IN the_ATI lake_NN F20 5 district_NN ,_, both_ABX to_IN the_ATI beauty_NN F20 6 of_IN its_PP$ landscape_NN and_CC to_IN its_PP$ traditional_JJ F20 6 agriculture_NN and_CC local_JJ life_NN ._. F20 7 ^ some_DTI of_IN those_DTS dangers_NNS were_BED ugly_JJ or_CC badly_RB F20 7 sited_JJ buildings_NNS ,_, commercial_JJ F20 8 afforestation_NN and_CC injurious_JJ road_NN schemes_NNS ._. F20 9 ^ the_ATI national_JJ trust_NN was_BEDZ ,_, of_RB course_RB" ,_, F20 9 a_AT landowner_NN in_IN Lakeland_NP ,_, but_CC F20 10 the_ATI trust_NN had_HVD to_TO make_VB public_JJ appeals_NNS for_IN F20 10 subscriptions_NNS ,_, a_AT slow_JJ method_NN F20 11 and_CC one_CD1 which_WDTR could_MD be_BE repeated_VBN only_RB at_IN F20 11 infrequent_JJ intervals_NNS ._. F20 12 ^ sometimes_RB private_JJ persons_NNS intervened_VBD by_IN F20 12 buying_VBG up_RP at_IN the_ATI last_AP F20 13 moment_NN farm_NN lands_NNS which_WDTR were_BED threatened_VBN by_IN F20 13 possible_JJ building_NN or_CC by_IN F20 14 other_AP so_JJB called_JJB" *'_*' development_NN ,_, **'_**' but_CC F20 14 the_ATI number_NN of_IN such_ABL public_JJ F20 15 benefactors_NNS was_BEDZ necessarily_RB limited_JJ ._. F20 16 ^ in_IN these_DTS circumstances_NNS ,_, in_IN 1937_CD ,_, a_AT F20 16 company_NN named_VBN the_ATI lake_NN F20 17 district_NN farm_NN estates_NNS limited_JJ was_BEDZ formed_VBN and_CC F20 17 registered_VBN under_IN the_ATI F20 18 industrial_JJ provident_JJ societies_NNS acts_NNS ,_, to_TO organise_VB F20 18 the_ATI great_JJ amount_NN of_IN F20 19 good_JJ will_NN towards_IN the_ATI lake_NN district_NN ._. ^ this_DT F20 19 it_PP3 did_DOD by_IN making_VBG it_PP3 F20 20 possible_JJ for_IN lovers_NNS of_IN the_ATI lake_NN district_NN ,_, F20 20 who_WPR were_BED not_XNOT in_IN a_AT position_NN F20 21 to_TO purchase_VB or_CC to_TO manage_VB farms_NNS or_CC to_TO make_VB F20 21 gifts_NNS to_IN the_ATI national_JJ trust_NN ,_, F20 22 to_TO lend_VB money_NN to_IN the_ATI company_NN ,_, at_IN a_AT low_JJ F20 22 rate_NN of_IN interest_NN ,_, or_CC even_RB F20 23 interest_NN free_RB ._. F20 24 ^ the_ATI company's_NN$ powers_NNS covered_VBD the_ATI purchase_NN F20 24 ,_, ownership_NN and_CC F20 25 management_NN of_IN land_NN and_CC buildings_NNS in_IN Lakeland_NP ,_, F20 25 with_IN the_ATI aim_NN of_IN F20 26 maintaining_VBG them_PP3OS in_IN their_PP$ present_JJ agricultural_JJ F20 26 character_NN and_CC F20 27 safeguarding_VBG both_ABX the_ATI beauty_NN of_IN the_ATI landscape_NN F20 27 and_CC the_ATI traditional_JJ F20 28 livelihood_NN of_IN the_ATI dalesman_NN ._. F20 29 ^ Lakeland_NP was_BEDZ defined_VBN as_CS lying_VBG inside_IN a_AT F20 29 circle_NN having_HVG a_AT radius_NN of_IN F20 30 20_CD miles_NNS from_IN the_ATI Langdale_NP Pikes_NPLS ._. ^ in_IN F20 30 carrying_VBG out_RP its_PP$ objects_NNS one_CD1 of_IN F20 31 the_ATI rules_NNS of_IN the_ATI company_NN imposes_VBZ an_AT F20 31 obligation_NN on_IN the_ATI company_NN to_TO give_VB F20 32 covenants_NNS to_IN the_ATI national_JJ trust_NN over_IN any_DTI F20 32 land_NN purchased_VBN by_IN the_ATI F20 33 company_NN ._. F20 34 ^ the_ATI first_OD stipulation_NN and_CC restriction_NN imposed_VBN F20 34 on_IN land_NN covenanted_VBN F20 35 is_BEZ as_CS follows_VBZ :_: F20 37 *"_*' F20 38 ^ no_ATI act_NN or_CC thing_NN shall_MD be_BE done_VBN or_CC F20 38 placed_VBN or_CC permitted_VBN to_TO remain_VB F20 39 upon_IN the_ATI restricted_JJ land_NN which_WDTR ,_, in_IN the_ATI F20 39 opinion_NN of_IN the_ATI national_JJ trust_NN ,_, F20 40 shall_MD injure_VB ,_, prejudice_NN ,_, affect_VB or_CC destroy_VB F20 40 the_ATI natural_JJ aspect_NN or_CC F20 41 condition_NN thereof_RB or_CC the_ATI adjoining_JJ parts_NNS of_IN F20 41 the_ATI dale_NN ._. F20 42 **"_**' F20 44 ^ the_ATI other_AP stipulations_NNS refer_VB to_IN the_ATI F20 44 prohibition_NN of_IN new_JJ F20 45 buildings_NNS ,_, mining_NN or_CC quarrying_NN ,_, felling_NN of_IN F20 45 trees_NNS and_CC the_ATI planting_NN of_IN F20 46 conifers_NNS ,_, without_IN the_ATI permission_NN of_IN the_ATI F20 46 trust_NN ._. F20 47 ^ another_DT rule_NN provides_VBZ that_CS if_CS the_ATI company_NN F20 47 decides_VBZ to_TO sell_VB any_DTI of_IN F20 48 its_PP$ properties_NNS ,_, it_PP3 must_MD first_RB offer_VB to_TO F20 48 sell_VB the_ATI property_NN to_IN the_ATI F20 49 national_JJ trust_NN ._. F20 51 ^ the_ATI farm_NN which_WDTR was_BEDZ the_ATI company's_NN$ first_OD F20 51 purchase_NN ,_, High_NP F20 52 Wallabarrow_NP ,_, lies_VBZ on_IN the_ATI Cumberland_NP bank_NN of_IN F20 52 the_ATI Duddon_NP ,_, opposite_RI to_IN F20 53 the_ATI hamlet_NN of_IN Seathwaite_NP in_IN Dunnerdale_NP ,_, and_CC F20 53 adjoins_VBZ the_ATI national_JJ trust_NN F20 54 property_NN at_IN Wallabarrow_NP Crag_NPL ._. F20 55 ^ the_ATI farm_NN and_CC its_PP$ fell_NN land_NN are_BER within_IN F20 55 the_ATI area_NN which_WDTR the_ATI forestry_NN F20 56 commission_NN had_HVD declined_VBN to_TO preserve_VB from_IN F20 56 commercial_JJ afforestation_NN and_CC F20 57 it_PP3 was_BEDZ to_TO anticipate_VB a_AT purchase_NN by_IN the_ATI F20 57 forestry_NN commission_NN that_CS this_DT F20 58 farm_NN was_BEDZ acquired_VBN by_IN the_ATI company_NN ._. F20 59 ^ the_ATI landscape_NN is_BEZ a_AT fine_JJ example_NN of_IN the_ATI F20 59 beauty_NN characteristic_JJ of_IN F20 60 the_ATI Duddon_NP Valley_NPL ,_, and_CC the_ATI farm_NN house_NN ,_, F20 60 though_CS in_IN itself_PPL a_AT small_JJ one_CD1 ,_, F20 61 is_BEZ delightfully_RB situated_VBN ._. F20 62 ^ in_IN 1940_CD ,_, in_TO order_TO" to_TO" safeguard_VB further_RBR F20 62 this_DT very_QL vital_JJ part_NN of_IN F20 63 the_ATI Duddon_NP Valley_NPL ,_, the_ATI purchase_NN was_BEDZ made_VBN F20 63 of_IN 230_CD acres_NNS of_IN intakes_NNS ,_, the_ATI F20 64 small_JJ house_NN at_IN Low_NP Wallabarrow_NP and_CC of_IN certain_JJ F20 64 inside_JJB land_NN ._. ^ a_AT F20 65 considerable_JJ gift_NN towards_IN the_ATI purchase_NN was_BEDZ F20 65 received_VBN from_IN the_ATI friends_NNS F20 66 of_IN the_ATI lake_NN district_NN ._. F20 67 ^ the_ATI next_AP purchase_NN by_IN the_ATI company_NN was_BEDZ F20 67 Skelwith_NP Farm_NPL ,_, which_WDTR lies_VBZ to_IN F20 68 the_ATI south_NR of_IN Skelwith_NP Bridge_NPL and_CC on_IN the_ATI F20 68 right_JJ bank_NN of_IN the_ATI River_NPL F20 69 Brathay_NP ._. ^ this_DT farm_NN included_VBD an_AT important_JJ F20 69 part_NN of_IN the_ATI landscape_NN seen_VBN F20 70 by_IN those_DTS going_VBG up_IN Langdale_NP from_IN Clappersgate_NP F20 70 and_CC Ambleside_NP ._. F20 71 ^ the_ATI fell_NN land_NN was_BEDZ immediately_RB threatened_VBN F20 71 by_IN the_ATI forestry_NN F20 72 commission_NN ,_, which_WDTR had_HVD refused_VBN to_TO exclude_VB F20 72 the_ATI Coniston_NP *-_*- Hawkshead_NP F20 73 Brathay_NP district_NN from_IN the_ATI area_NN in_IN which_WDTR F20 73 they_PP3AS desired_VBD to_TO carry_VB out_RP F20 74 commercial_JJ afforestation_NN ,_, and_CC a_AT good_JJ deal_NN of_IN F20 74 the_ATI lower_JJR land_NN offered_VBD F20 75 opportunity_NN for_IN speculative_JJ building_NN ._. ^ the_ATI F20 75 purchase_NN of_IN this_DT farm_NN F20 76 therefore_RB had_HVD a_AT high_JJ protective_JJ value_NN ._. F20 78 ^ soon_RB afterwards_RB the_ATI company_NN purchased_VBD ,_, in_IN F20 78 the_ATI north_NR of_IN F20 79 Lakeland_NP ,_, Rannerdale_NP Farm_NPL on_IN Crummock_NP Water_NPL ._. ^ F20 79 this_DT farm_NN which_WDTR lies_VBZ on_IN F20 80 the_ATI shores_NNS of_IN the_ATI Lake_NPL was_BEDZ one_CD1 of_IN F20 80 the_ATI few_AP areas_NNS on_IN these_DTS shores_NNS which_WDTR F20 81 were_BED not_XNOT already_RB protected_VBN by_IN restrictive_JJ F20 81 covenants_NNS ._. F20 82 ^ in_IN 1941_CD ,_, the_ATI company_NN extended_VBD its_PP$ F20 82 interest_NN into_IN a_AT new_JJ dale_NN ,_, F20 83 Ennerdale_NP ._. ^ here_RN the_ATI sheep_NN farm_NN known_VBN as_IN F20 83 Mireside_NP gave_VBD a_AT fine_JJ F20 84 opportunity_NN of_IN protecting_VBG the_ATI landscape_NN ._. ^ the_ATI F20 84 farm_NN had_HVD a_AT frontage_NN to_IN F20 85 Ennerdale_NP Lake_NPL ._. ^ a_AP few_AP" years_NNS later_RBR its_PP$ F20 85 ownership_NN entitled_VBD the_ATI company_NN F20 86 to_TO be_BE heard_VBN when_WRB the_ATI question_NN of_IN raising_VBG F20 86 Ennerdale_NP Lake_NPL was_BEDZ considered_VBN F20 87 at_IN a_AT public_JJ enquiry_NN ._. F20 88 ^ certain_JJ fields_NNS adjoining_VBG Mireside_NP were_BED F20 88 purchased_VBN at_IN a_AT later_JJR date_NN ,_, F20 89 and_CC the_ATI farm_NN now_RN has_HVZ quite_ABL an_AT important_JJ F20 89 share_NN in_IN controlling_VBG the_ATI F20 90 entrance_NN to_IN Ennerdale_NP and_CC in_IN maintaining_VBG its_PP$ F20 90 seclusion_NN against_IN F20 91 exploitation_NN by_IN motor_NN traffic_NN ,_, by_IN reason_NN of_IN F20 91 the_ATI fact_NN that_CS the_ATI road_NN up_IN F20 92 the_ATI dale_NN is_BEZ a_AT private_JJ road_NN ._. F20 93 ^ no_ATI further_JJB purchase_NN was_BEDZ made_VBN until_IN 1944_CD F20 93 ,_, when_WRB two_CD farms_NNS *-_*- Ghyll_NP F20 94 and_CC Buckbarrow_NP *-_*- were_BED purchased_VBN at_IN the_ATI F20 94 approach_NN to_IN Wastwater_NP ._. F20 95 ^ with_IN this_DT purchase_NN the_ATI company_NN now_RN had_HVD F20 95 interests_NNS in_IN Duddon_NP ,_, F20 96 Buttermere_NP ,_, Ennerdale_NP and_CC Wasdale_NP ._. ^ a_AT further_JJB F20 96 farm_NN in_IN Wasdale_NP ,_, F20 97 Harrowhead_NP Farm_NPL ,_, which_WDTR adjoins_VBZ Ghyll_NP and_CC F20 97 Buckbarrow_NP ,_, was_BEDZ purchased_VBN in_IN F20 98 1949_CD ._. F20 100 ^ Longhouse_NP Farm_NPL ,_, Duddon_NP ,_, which_WDTR has_HVZ a_AT F20 100 commanding_JJ position_NN in_IN F20 101 Seathwaite_NP in_IN Dunnerdale_NP ,_, by_IN controlling_VBG the_ATI F20 101 land_NN at_IN the_ATI foot_NN of_IN Walna_NP F20 102 Scar_NPL was_BEDZ purchased_VBN in_IN 1948_CD ,_, and_CC is_BEZ a_AT F20 102 typical_JJ fell_NN farm_NN ._. F20 103 ^ now_RN was_BEDZ the_ATI time_NN when_WRB the_ATI prices_NNS of_IN F20 103 farms_NNS rose_VBD prodigiously_RB and_CC F20 104 with_IN its_PP$ limited_JJ means_NNS the_ATI company_NN was_BEDZ F20 104 unable_JJ to_TO make_VB new_JJ purchases_NNS F20 105 for_IN the_ATI next_AP few_AP years_NNS ._. F20 106 ^ with_IN the_ATI death_NN of_IN a_AT tenant_NN in_IN 1954_CD ,_, F20 106 however_RB ,_, the_ATI company_NN decided_VBD F20 107 that_CS it_PP3 must_MD take_VB the_ATI opportunity_NN of_IN F20 107 acquiring_VBG cash_NN to_TO be_BE available_JJ F20 108 for_IN other_AP purchases_NNS ,_, and_CC Rannerdale_NP which_WDTR ,_, F20 108 as_CS previously_RB mentioned_VBN ,_, F20 109 had_HVD been_BEN placed_VBN upon_IN protective_JJ covenants_NNS to_IN F20 109 the_ATI national_JJ trust_NN ,_, was_BEDZ F20 110 sold_VBN ._. F20 111 ^ the_ATI next_AP year_NN Skelwith_NP Fold_NPL was_BEDZ also_RB F20 111 sold_VBN to_IN the_ATI tenant_NN ,_, subject_JJ F20 112 to_IN protective_JJ covenants_NNS ._. ^ when_WRB land_NN has_HVZ F20 112 been_BEN placed_VBN under_IN these_DTS F20 113 covenants_NNS by_IN the_ATI company_NN ,_, they_PP3AS continue_VB in_IN F20 113 force_NN and_CC are_BER not_XNOT weakened_VBN F20 114 by_IN any_DTI change_NN of_IN ownership_NN ._. F20 116 ^ with_IN the_ATI proceeds_NNS from_IN the_ATI sale_NN of_IN F20 116 these_DTS two_CD farms_NNS ,_, the_ATI F20 117 company_NN again_RB had_HVD funds_NNS available_JJ to_TO make_VB new_JJ F20 117 purchases_NNS ._. ^ when_WRB ,_, in_IN F20 118 1955_CD a_AT small_JJ farm_NN ,_, Ghyll_NP Bank_NPL ,_, at_IN Boot_NP F20 118 in_IN Eskdale_NP ,_, came_VBD on_RP to_IN the_ATI F20 119 market_NN the_ATI company_NN decided_VBD to_TO purchase_VB ._. F20 120 ^ this_DT farm_NN lies_VBZ half_ABN a_AT mile_NN north_NR of_IN F20 120 Boot_NP on_IN the_ATI Burnmoor_NP Track_NPL F20 121 with_IN fell_NN rights_NNS on_IN the_ATI northern_JJ portion_NN of_IN F20 121 Burnmoor_NP and_CC the_ATI west_NR face_NN F20 122 of_IN Scafell_NP ,_, extending_VBG to_IN the_ATI peak_NN of_IN F20 122 Scafell_NP ._. F20 123 ^ there_EX was_BEDZ a_AT great_JJ danger_NN that_CS it_PP3 would_MD F20 123 cease_VB to_TO be_BE a_AT farming_JJ unit_NN F20 124 and_CC that_CS the_ATI land_NN would_MD be_BE taken_VBN over_RP by_IN F20 124 adjoining_JJ farms_NNS and_CC the_ATI F20 125 buildings_NNS become_VB ruins_NNS ,_, so_CS the_ATI farm_NN with_IN F20 125 its_PP$ Herdwick_NP sheep_NN flock_NN was_BEDZ F20 126 bought_VBN ._. F20 128 ^ a_AT farm_NN in_IN Patterdale_NP and_CC one_CD1 in_IN F20 128 Borrowdale_NP were_BED acquired_VBN by_IN F20 129 the_ATI company_NN in_IN 1957_CD ,_, and_CC ,_, taking_VBG the_ATI F20 129 Langdale_NP Pikes_NPLS as_IN a_AT central_JJ F20 130 point_NN ,_, the_ATI company_NN now_RN owned_VBD farms_NNS to_IN F20 130 the_ATI north_NR ,_, south_NR ,_, east_NR and_CC west_NR ._. F20 131 ^ the_ATI farm_NN in_IN Patterdale_NP is_BEZ Howe_NP Green_NPL F20 131 Farm_NPL ,_, Hartsop_NP ,_, at_IN the_ATI foot_NN F20 132 of_IN the_ATI north_NR side_NN of_IN the_ATI Kirkstone_NP Pass_NPL ,_, F20 132 and_CC is_BEZ as_QL characteristic_JJ a_AT F20 133 fell_NN farm_NN as_IN any_DTI which_WDTR the_ATI company_NN own_VB ._. ^ F20 133 an_AT interesting_JJ feature_NN of_IN F20 134 this_DT place_NN is_BEZ an_AT old_JJ corn_NN drying_NN kiln_NN ,_, F20 134 which_WDTR seems_VBZ to_TO be_BE of_IN a_AT unique_JJ F20 135 type_NN ._. ^ a_AT generous_JJ gift_NN by_IN the_ATI late_JJ \0Rev_NPT F20 135 \0H_NP \0H_NP Symonds_NP made_VBD it_PP3 F20 136 possible_JJ to_TO repair_VB this_DT kiln_NN ._. F20 137 ^ the_ATI farm_NN purchased_VBN in_IN Borrowdale_NP is_BEZ yew_NN F20 137 tree_NN Farm_NPL ,_, at_IN Rosthwaite_NP ._. F20 138 ^ this_DT farm_NN has_HVZ wide_JJ and_CC important_JJ fell_NN F20 138 rights_NNS on_IN the_ATI Langstrath_NP side_NN F20 139 of_IN Borrowdale_NP and_CC is_BEZ of_IN great_JJ importance_NN for_IN F20 139 the_ATI company's_NN$ objects_NNS ._. F20 140 ^ since_CS the_ATI company_NN was_BEDZ formed_VBN ,_, Lakeland_NP F20 140 has_HVZ become_VBN a_AT national_JJ F20 141 park_NN ,_, and_CC the_ATI town_NN and_CC country_NN planning_NN act_NN F20 141 can_MD prevent_VB the_ATI happening_NN F20 142 of_IN some_DTI of_IN the_ATI dangers_NNS that_WPR were_BED F20 142 envisaged_VBN when_WRB the_ATI company_NN was_BEDZ F20 143 formed_VBN ._. ^ but_CC by_IN its_PP$ selective_JJ purchases_NNS F20 143 the_ATI company_NN continues_VBZ to_TO F20 144 fulfil_VB its_PP$ general_JJ objects_NNS by_IN such_ABL management_NN F20 144 of_IN the_ATI properties_NNS as_CS F20 145 will_MD safeguard_VB not_XNOT only_RB the_ATI beauty_NN of_IN the_ATI F20 145 landscape_NN but_CC also_RB ,_, and_CC no_RB F20 146 less_QL important_JJ ,_, the_ATI traditional_JJ livelihood_NN of_IN F20 146 the_ATI dalesmen_NNS ._. F20 147 ^ to_IN people_NNS concerned_JJ about_IN the_ATI furtherance_NN F20 147 of_IN these_DTS objects_NNS the_ATI F20 148 company_NN continues_VBZ to_TO provide_VB a_AT means_NN where_WRB F20 148 money_NN may_MD be_BE used_VBN ,_, and_CC F20 149 where_WRB the_ATI donor_NN asks_VBZ only_RB a_AT low_JJ rate_NN of_IN F20 149 interest_NN ,_, or_CC none_PN at_IN all_ABN ._. F20 151 ^ the_ATI first_OD chairman_NN of_IN the_ATI company_NN ,_, F20 151 which_WDTR has_HVZ its_PP$ offices_NNS at_IN F20 152 Exchange_NP Chambers_NPLS ,_, Kendal_NP ,_, was_BEDZ \0Mr_NPT F20 152 Francis_NP \0C_NP Scott_NP ,_, and_CC the_ATI F20 153 members_NNS of_IN the_ATI original_JJ committee_NN of_IN management_NN F20 153 were_BED Lord_NPT Howard_NP of_IN F20 154 Penrith_NP ,_, Lord_NPT Birkett_NP ,_, Lord_NPT Chorley_NP ,_, \0Mr_NPT F20 154 \0A_NP \0M_NP Carrs-Saunders_NP ,_, F20 155 \0Mr_NPT \0W_NP Farrar_NP ,_, \0Col_NPT \0J_NP \0F_NP Hopkinson_NP ,_, F20 155 \0Mr_NPT \0C_NP \0S_NP F20 156 Orwin_NP ,_, \0Col_NPT \0A_NP \0T_NP Porritt_NP ,_, and_CC the_ATI F20 156 \0Rev_NPT \0H_NP \0H_NP Symonds_NP ._. F20 157 ^ the_ATI present_JJ Chairman_NPT is_BEZ Lord_NPT Chorley_NP ,_, F20 157 and_CC the_ATI Vice-Chairman_NPT ,_, F20 158 \0Col_NPT \0J_NP \0F_NP Hopkinson_NP ._. F20 159 ^ life_NN in_IN Lakeland_NP ._. F20 160 ^ peace_NN and_CC friendship_NN at_IN Stone_NP Bower_NP ._. F20 161 ^ *'_*' to_IN everyone_PN here_RN it_PP3 is_BEZ really_RB home_NR ._. ^ F20 161 they_PP3AS have_HV no-where_RB else_RB to_TO F20 162 go_VB ,_, **'_**' says_VBZ warden_NN Fred_NP Hellowell_NP ._. F20 163 ^ when_WRB the_ATI German_JNP blitzes_NNS began_VBD in_IN 1940_CD F20 163 ,_, the_ATI government_NN had_HVD F20 164 many_AP schemes_NNS for_IN mothers_NNS and_CC children_NNS ._. ^ F20 164 elderly_JJ folk_NNS who_WPR were_BED bombed_VBN F20 165 out_RP of_IN their_PP$ homes_NRS had_HVD no_ATI such_ABL schemes_NNS F20 165 to_TO help_VB them_PP3OS except_CS in_IN the_ATI F20 166 institutions_NNS of_IN those_DTS days_NNS ._. F20 167 ^ so_RB a_AT group_NN of_IN conscientious_JJ objectors_NNS set_VBD F20 167 about_RP to_TO provide_VB F20 168 private_JJ accommodation_NN for_IN the_ATI old_JJ folk_NNS of_IN F20 168 the_ATI big_JJ cities_NNS whose_WP$R homes_NRS F20 169 had_HVD been_BEN wrecked_VBN by_IN German_JNP bombs_NNS ._. ^ an_AT F20 169 old_JJ derelict_JJ house_NN in_IN F20 170 Burton-in-Lonsdale_NP named_VBD Stone_NP Bower_NP was_BEDZ taken_VBN F20 170 over_RP ._. F20 171 ^ an_AT appeal_NN was_BEDZ made_VBN for_IN help_NN ._. ^ someone_PN F20 171 offered_VBD 40_CD old_JJ iron_NN F20 172 bedsteads_NNS and_CC furniture_NN ._. ^ two_CD of_IN the_ATI F20 172 members_NNS of_IN the_ATI organising_JJ group_NN F20 173 promised_VBD the_ATI first_OD year's_NN$ rent_NN ._. ^ blankets_NNS F20 173 were_BED forthcoming_JJ from_IN the_ATI F20 174 Canadian_JNP red_JJ cross_NN ._. F20 175 ^ starting_VBG with_IN nothing_PN ,_, the_ATI group_NN founded_VBD F20 175 the_ATI Stone_NP Bower_NP F20 176 fellowship_NN which_WDTR survives_VBZ to_IN this_DT day_NN in_IN F20 176 the_ATI village_NN of_IN Silverdale_NP ,_, F20 177 where_WRB 30_CD men_NNS and_CC women_NNS live_VB in_IN peaceful_JJ F20 177 security_NN at_IN an_AT 18-bedroom_JJB F20 178 house_NN standing_VBG in_IN eight_CD and_CC a_AT half_ABN acres_NNS F20 178 of_IN ground_NN ._. F20 179 ^ warden_NN of_IN the_ATI fellowship_NN from_IN its_PP$ inception_NN F20 179 ,_, and_CC a_AT tireless_JJ F20 180 worker_NN for_IN the_ATI home_NR to-day_NR ,_, is_BEZ \0Mr_NPT Fred_NP F20 180 Hellowell_NP ,_, and_CC he_PP3A told_VBD me_PP1O of_IN F20 181 the_ATI history_NN and_CC impact_NN of_IN the_ATI enterprise_NN ._. ^ F20 181 to-day_NR \0Mr_NPT and_CC \0Mrs_NPT F20 182 Hellowell_NP are_BER joint_JJB wardens_NNS ._. F20 183 ^ the_ATI pacifist_JJ group_NN which_WDTR founded_VBD it_PP3 F20 183 were_BED mainly_RB from_IN the_ATI F20 184 Morecambe_NP and_CC Lancashire_NP area_NN ._. ^ the_ATI members_NNS F20 184 felt_VBD that_CS it_PP3 provided_VBD them_PP3OS F20 185 with_IN an_AT opportunity_NN for_IN worth-while_JJ Christian_JNP F20 185 activity_NN ._. F20 186 ^ Stone_NP Bower_NP served_VBD the_ATI elderly_JJ folk_NNS until_IN F20 186 1945_CD ,_, when_WRB many_AP of_IN the_ATI F20 187 conscientious_JJ objectors_NNS began_VBD to_TO return_VB to_IN F20 187 their_PP$ own_AP jobs_NNS ._. ^ yet_CC 15_CD old_JJ F20 188 people_NNS remained_VBD at_IN the_ATI home_NR ,_, and_CC they_PP3AS F20 188 had_HVD no_ATI homes_NRS to_IN which_WDTR they_PP3AS could_MD F20 189 go_VB ._. F20 191 ^ in_IN those_DTS days_NNS the_ATI national_JJ assistance_NN act_NN F20 191 had_HVD not_XNOT come_VBN into_IN F20 192 force_NN ,_, and_CC there_EX were_BED no_ATI homes_NRS for_IN old_JJ F20 192 people_NNS such_CS as_CS" there_EX are_BER F20 193 to-day_NR ._. ^ the_ATI committee_NN of_IN Stone_NP Bower_NP F20 193 disbanded_VBD ,_, but_CC three_CD members_NNS F20 194 felt_VBD they_PP3AS ought_MD to_TO carry_VB the_ATI fellowship_NN on_RP F20 194 as_IN a_AT permanent_JJ scheme_NN ._. F20 195 ^ they_PP3AS were_BED \0Mr_NPT Charles_NP Wade_NP ,_, a_AT quaker_NN F20 195 who_WPR lived_VBD at_IN Bentham_NP ;_; \0Mr_NPT F20 196 Fred_NP Hellowell_NP and_CC his_PP$ brother_NN John_NP Hellowell_NP ._. F20 197 ^ even_CS though_CS" the_ATI position_NN looked_VBD so_QL F20 197 difficult_JJ they_PP3AS felt_VBD that_CS they_PP3AS F20 198 should_MD continue_VB for_IN the_ATI sake_NN of_IN the_ATI old_JJ F20 198 people_NNS ._. ^ in_IN 1951_CD the_ATI house_NN at_IN F20 199 Silverdale_NP became_VBD available_JJ ._. ^ the_ATI fellowship_NN F20 199 had_HVD no_ATI funds_NNS ,_, but_CC the_ATI F20 200 national_JJ corporation_NN for_IN the_ATI care_NN of_IN old_JJ F20 200 people_NNS ,_, part_NN of_IN the_ATI Nuffield_NP F20 201 foundation_NN gave_VBD *+4,000_NNU ._. F20 202 ^ another_DT *+1,000_NNU was_BEDZ forthcoming_JJ from_IN the_ATI F20 202 Lancashire_NP county_NN F20 203 council_NN ._. ^ there_EX was_BEDZ an_AT appeal_NN broadcast_VBN by_IN F20 203 the_ATI \0B.B.C_NP F20 204 ._. ^ altogether_RB *+8,500_NNU was_BEDZ raised_VBN ,_, and_CC the_ATI F20 204 house_NN was_BEDZ purchased_VBN ._. F20 205 ^ I_PP1A toured_VBD the_ATI fine_JJ house_NN at_IN Silverdale_NP ,_, F20 205 and_CC in_IN a_AT sense_NN I_PP1A envied_VBD F20 206 the_ATI old_JJ folk_NNS their_PP$ peace_NN of_IN mind_NN and_CC F20 206 their_PP$ security_NN ,_, two_CD essentials_NNS to_IN F20 207 a_AT happy_JJ life_NN for_IN those_DTS who_WPR are_BER old_JJ ,_, F20 207 without_IN homes_NRS of_IN their_PP$ own_AP and_CC F20 208 with_IN few_AP relatives_NNS ._. F20 209 ^ the_ATI scheme_NN has_HVZ been_BEN run_VBN on_IN a_AT pocket_NN F20 209 money_NN basis_NN ._. ^ for_IN the_ATI last_AP F20 210 six_CD or_CC seven_CD years_NNS ,_, the_ATI staff_NN have_HV F20 210 received_VBN 30_CD \0s_NNU a_AT week_NN pocket_NN money_NN F20 211 and_CC their_PP$ keep_NN ._. ^ they_PP3AS were_BED happy_JJ to_TO do_DO F20 211 the_ATI job_NN voluntarily_RB ._. ^ *'_*' we_PP1AS F20 212 felt_VBD ,_, and_CC still_RB feel_VB ,_, that_CS our_PP$ little_JJ F20 212 piece_NN of_IN practical_JJ Christian_JNP F20 213 service_NN is_BEZ to_TO give_VB our_PP$ services_NNS in_IN this_DT F20 213 way_NN for_IN people_NNS in_IN need_NN ,_, **'_**' F20 214 said_VBD \0Mr_NPT Hellowell_NP ._. F20 215 ^ yet_CC in_IN recent_JJ weeks_NNS there_EX has_HVZ been_BEN F20 215 such_ABL a_AT difficult_JJ time_NN F20 216 that_CS it_PP3 is_BEZ being_BEG realised_VBN that_CS more_AP staff_NN F20 216 is_BEZ needed_VBN ._. F21 2 ^ mediatrics_NN ._. F21 3 ^ or_CC the_ATI care_NN of_IN the_ATI middle-aged_JJ ._. F21 4 ^ by_IN \0H_NP \0F_NP Ellis_NP ._. F21 5 ^ 6_CD ._. relaxation_NN in_IN the_ATI middle_JJB years_NNS *-_*- F21 5 hobbies_NNS *-_*- the_ATI secret_NN of_IN F21 6 enjoyment_NN ._. F21 7 ^ the_ATI belief_NN that_CS a_AT man_NN is_BEZ as_QL old_JJ as_CS F21 7 he_PP3A feels_VBZ is_BEZ responsible_JJ F21 8 for_IN a_AP great_AP" many_AP" pulled_JJ muscles_NNS ._. ^ a_AT F21 8 wiser_JJR principle_NN to_TO follow_VB is_BEZ that_CS F21 9 a_AT man_NN ,_, broadly_RB speaking_VBG ,_, is_BEZ as_QL old_JJ as_CS F21 9 he_PP3A is_BEZ ._. ^ he_PP3A may_MD be_BE older_JJR ._. ^ he_PP3A F21 9 is_BEZ F21 10 unlikely_JJ to_TO be_BE younger_JJR ,_, and_CC if_CS he_PP3A is_BEZ ,_, F21 10 will_MD do_DO well_RB not_XNOT to_TO show_VB it_PP3 F21 11 unless_CS he_PP3A cares_VBZ nothing_PN for_IN the_ATI good_JJ F21 11 opinion_NN of_IN his_PP$ contemporaries_NNS ._. F21 12 ^ far_RB too_QL much_AP sentimental_JJ rubbish_NN has_HVZ been_BEN F21 12 written_VBN about_IN the_ATI F21 13 sadness_NN of_IN taking_VBG off_RP cricket_NN boots_NNS for_IN the_ATI F21 13 last_AP time_NN ,_, putting_VBG away_RP F21 14 tennis_NN rackets_NNS and_CC similar_JJ dramatic_JJ moments_NNS ._. ^ F21 14 the_ATI well-balanced_JJ man_NN F21 15 will_MD take_VB his_PP$ cricket_NN boots_NNS off_RP for_IN the_ATI F21 15 last_AP time_NN with_IN at_RB least_RB" as_QL F21 16 much_AP relief_NN as_CS he_PP3A has_HVZ experienced_VBN when_WRB F21 16 taking_VBG them_PP3OS off_RP on_IN a_AT hundred_CD F21 17 previous_JJ occasions_NNS ._. ^ he_PP3A will_MD waste_VB no_ATI time_NN F21 17 in_IN vain_JJ regrets_NNS as_CS he_PP3A F21 18 struggles_VBZ with_IN the_ATI laces_NNS ,_, knowing_VBG very_QL well_RB F21 18 that_CS in_IN all_ABN probability_NN he_PP3A F21 19 will_MD change_VB his_PP$ mind_NN next_AP May_NR and_CC put_VB the_ATI F21 19 great_JJ heavy_JJ things_NNS on_RP F21 20 again_RB *-_*- and_CC that_CS ,_, if_CS he_PP3A does_DOZ not_XNOT ,_, F21 20 it_PP3 will_MD be_BE because_CS he_PP3A does_DOZ n't_XNOT want_VB F21 21 to_TO ._. ^ every_AT psychologist_NN knows_VBZ that_CS nine_CD out_RP F21 21 of_IN ten_CD men_NNS who_WPR consciously_RB F21 22 do_DO something_PN for_IN the_ATI last_AP time_NN have_HV been_BEN F21 22 secretly_RB longing_VBG to_TO do_DO just_RB F21 23 that_DT for_IN at_RB least_RB" a_AT couple_NN of_IN years_NNS ._. ^ F21 23 only_RB the_ATI mistaken_JJ idea_NN that_CS it_PP3 F21 24 will_MD be_BE a_AT wrench_NN has_HVZ held_VBN them_PP3OS back_RP ._. F21 25 ^ giving_VBG things_NNS up_RP is_BEZ ,_, or_CC should_MD be_BE ,_, F21 25 one_CD1 of_IN the_ATI great_JJ consolations_NNS F21 26 of_IN middle_JJB age_NN ._. ^ the_ATI man_NN of_IN fifty-plus_CD ,_, F21 26 waving_VBG goodbye_NN from_IN his_PP$ F21 27 deck-chair_NN with_IN a_AT resigned_JJ ~ *'_*' off_RP you_PP2 go_VB F21 27 and_CC enjoy_VB yourselves_PPLS ._. ~ I_PP1A 'm_BEM F21 28 too_QL old_JJ for_IN that_DT kind_NN of_IN thing_NN now_RN ,_, **'_**' F21 28 is_BEZ a_AT living_JJ proof_NN of_IN the_ATI F21 29 essential_JJ beneficence_NN of_IN the_ATI natural_JJ processes_NNS ._. ^ F21 29 there_EX is_BEZ a_AT strong_JJ F21 30 sense_NN of_IN release_NN ._. ^ the_ATI annoyance_NN of_IN not_XNOT F21 30 being_BEG able_JJ to_TO do_DO something_PN as_QL F21 31 well_RB as_CS he_PP3A used_VBD can_MD be_BE terminated_VBN ,_, the_ATI F21 31 wise_JJ man_NN of_IN F21 32 forty-five_CD suddenly_RB realizes_VBZ ,_, by_IN not_XNOT doing_VBG F21 32 it_PP3 ._. ^ the_ATI pity_NN is_BEZ that_CS he_PP3A F21 33 did_DOD not_XNOT realize_VB it_PP3 at_IN forty_CD ._. F21 34 ^ this_DT is_BEZ not_XNOT to_TO say_VB that_CS middle_JJB age_NN F21 34 is_BEZ to_TO be_BE a_AT gradual_JJ recession_NN F21 35 from_IN activity_NN of_IN any_DTI kind_NN ._. ^ on_IN the_ATI F21 35 contrary_NN it_PP3 is_BEZ a_AT time_NN for_IN F21 36 constantly_RB taking_VBG up_RP new_JJ pastimes_NNS ,_, new_JJ F21 36 interests_NNS ._. ^ what_WDT must_MD be_BE F21 37 dropped_VBN is_BEZ those_DTS physical_JJ leisure-time_JJB exercises_NNS F21 37 taken_VBN up_RP in_IN youth_NN and_CC F21 38 now_RN inevitably_RB being_BEG performed_VBN with_IN diminishing_JJ F21 38 success_NN ._. ^ a_AT man_NN ,_, it_PP3 F21 39 has_HVZ been_BEN well_RB said_VBN ,_, whose_WP$R enjoyment_NN F21 39 consists_VBZ of_IN constant_JJ reminders_VBZ F21 40 that_CS he_PP3A is_BEZ not_XNOT as_QL young_JJ as_CS he_PP3A was_BEDZ F21 40 should_MD take_VB medical_JJ advice_NN F21 41 immediately_RB ._. ^ new_JJ activities_NNS ,_, of_IN whatever_WDT F21 41 kind_NN ,_, are_BER free_JJ from_IN this_DT F21 42 fatal_JJ defect_NN ._. ^ there_EX is_BEZ no_ATI reason_NN why_WRB a_AT F21 42 man_NN of_IN fifty_CD ,_, or_CC even_RB F21 43 fifty-five_CD ,_, should_MD not_XNOT take_VB up_RP cricket_NN if_CS F21 43 he_PP3A can_MD find_VB a_AT team_NN F21 44 sufficiently_RB short_JJ of_IN men_NNS ._. ^ he_PP3A is_BEZ unlikely_JJ F21 44 to_TO overstrain_VB himself_PPL by_IN F21 45 trying_VBG to_TO do_DO what_WDT he_PP3A never_RB did_DOD in_IN his_PP$ F21 45 twenties_CDS ;_; nor_CC can_MD he_PP3A be_BE vexed_VBN by_IN F21 46 loss_NN of_IN form_NN at_IN a_AT game_NN he_PP3A never_RB played_VBD F21 46 before_RI ._. ^ indeed_RB he_PP3A will_MD F21 47 probably_RB improve_VB for_IN a_AT season_NN or_CC two_CD ,_, and_CC F21 47 may_MD look_VB forward_RB to_IN reaching_VBG F21 48 his_PP$ peak_NN at_IN sixty_CD ._. F21 49 ^ doctors_NNS agree_VB on_IN the_ATI therapeutic_JJ value_NN of_IN F21 49 nearly_RB all_ABN new_JJ skills_NNS F21 50 acquired_VBN in_IN late_JJ middle_JJB age_NN ._. ^ but_CC it_PP3 F21 50 must_MD be_BE understood_VBN that_CS exercise_NN ,_, F21 51 as_IN such_ABL ,_, has_HVZ nothing_PN to_TO do_DO with_IN it_PP3 ._. ^ F21 51 *'_*' keeping_VBG fit_JJ **'_**' is_BEZ a_AT sign_NN of_IN F21 52 immaturity_NN ,_, as_CS is_BEZ any_DTI other_AP spare-time_JJB F21 52 occupation_NN that_WPR demands_VBZ F21 53 continuity_NN of_IN effort_NN ._. ^ the_ATI touchstone_NN ,_, for_IN F21 53 a_AT man_NN of_IN mature_JJ years_NNS F21 54 considering_VBG what_WDT to_TO take_VB up_RP next_RB ,_, must_MD F21 54 always_RB be_BE ^ *'_*' shall_MD I_PP1A be_BE able_JJ to_TO F21 55 drop_VB it_PP3 again_RB without_IN loss_NN of_IN self-respect_NN ?_? F21 55 **'_**' ^ whether_CS it_PP3 is_BEZ good_JJ or_CC F21 56 bad_JJ for_IN him_PP3O ,_, whether_CS it_PP3 produces_VBZ anything_PN F21 56 useful_JJ ,_, whether_CS he_PP3A will_MD get_VB F21 57 anywhere_RB with_IN it_PP3 *-_*- these_DTS things_NNS are_BER beside_IN F21 57 the_ATI point_NN ._. ^ in_IN middle_JJB age_NN F21 58 there_EX are_BER enough_DTI things_NNS that_WPR have_HV to_TO be_BE F21 58 done_VBN with_IN some_DTI ulterior_JJ F21 59 motive_NN ;_; it_PP3 is_BEZ folly_NN to_TO take_VB up_RP voluntarily_RB F21 59 anything_PN that_WPR may_MD become_VB a_AT F21 60 taskmaster_NN ._. F21 61 ^ home_NR carpentry_NN ,_, as_CS we_PP1AS have_HV seen_VBN in_IN F21 61 the_ATI first_OD of_IN this_DT series_NN of_IN F21 62 papers_NNS ,_, may_MD begin_VB to_TO show_VB itself_PPL as_QL early_RB F21 62 as_IN \0E.M_NP 1_CD1 ,_, though_CS the_ATI F21 63 main_JJB rush_NN of_IN displacement_NN activities_NNS is_BEZ F21 63 ordinarily_RB delayed_VBN until_IN the_ATI F21 64 second_OD period_NN of_IN middle_JJB middle_JJB age_NN when_WRB F21 64 tennis_NN and_CC dancing_NN are_BER finally_RB F21 65 dispensed_VBN with_IN ._. ^ there_EX is_BEZ a_AT sure_JJ instinct_NN F21 65 at_IN work_NN here_RN ,_, for_CS carpentry_NN F21 66 is_BEZ of_IN all_ABN things_NNS an_AT occupation_NN that_WPR lends_VBZ F21 66 itself_PPL to_IN being_BEG laid_VBN down_RP at_IN F21 67 will_NN ,_, either_DTX temporarily_RB or_CC permanently_RB ._. ^ F21 67 the_ATI object_NN under_IN F21 68 construction_NN is_BEZ rarely_RB if_CS ever_RB worth_IN completion_NN F21 68 for_IN itself_PPL ,_, nor_CC is_BEZ F21 69 some_DTI immediate_JJ justification_NN for_IN discontinuing_VBG the_ATI F21 69 work_NN (_( \0e.g_RB blunt_JJ F21 70 tenon-saw_NN or_CC shortage_NN of_IN 1_CD1 1/2_CD *?8_NNU screws_NNS F21 70 )_) hard_JJ to_TO find_VB ._. ^ one_CD1 has_HVZ only_RB F21 71 to_TO compare_VB the_ATI study_NN of_IN history_NN ,_, which_WDTR so_QL F21 71 many_AP men_NNS almost_RB take_VB up_RP in_IN F21 72 their_PP$ fifties_CDS ,_, to_TO realize_VB that_CS it_PP3 is_BEZ F21 72 worth_IN while_NN spending_VBG a_AP little_AP" F21 73 care_NN over_IN the_ATI choice_NN of_IN new_JJ interests_NNS ._. ^ F21 73 it_PP3 is_BEZ not_XNOT difficult_JJ ,_, exactly_RB ,_, F21 74 to_TO lay_VB down_RP the_ATI conquest_NN of_IN Peru_NP or_CC \0Vol_NN F21 74 2_CD of_IN the_ATI Cambridge_NP F21 75 mediaeval_JJ history_NN once_CS it_PP3 has_HVZ been_BEN taken_VBN up_RP F21 75 ;_; but_CC it_PP3 is_BEZ not_XNOT easy_JJ to_TO F21 76 feel_VB altogether_RB happy_JJ about_IN never_RB taking_VBG it_PP3 F21 76 up_RP again_RB ._. ^ *'_*' the_ATI trouble_NN F21 77 is_BEZ ,_, **'_**' as_CS a_AT patient_NN of_IN mine_PP$$ who_WPR F21 77 had_HVD had_HVN an_AT extraordinary_JJ urge_NN to_TO learn_VB F21 78 something_PN about_IN America_NP once_RB put_VBD it_PP3 ,_, *'_*' F21 78 that_CS when_WRB you_PP2 have_HV spent_VBN a_AT lot_NN F21 79 of_IN money_NN on_IN two_CD great_JJ volumes_NNS about_IN the_ATI F21 79 civil_JJ war_NN they_PP3AS glare_VB at_IN you_PP2 F21 80 from_IN the_ATI shelves_NNS for_IN months_NNS afterwards_RB ._. ^ F21 80 you_PP2 might_MD as_QL well_RB be_BE F21 81 seventeen_CD again_RB ,_, with_IN both_ABX your_PP$ parents_NNS at_IN F21 81 you_PP2 for_IN never_RB sticking_VBG to_IN F21 82 anything_PN you_PP2 start_VB ._. **'_**' F21 83 ^ we_PP1AS see_VB ,_, then_RN ,_, that_CS the_ATI ideal_JJ F21 83 hobbies_NNS and_CC relaxations_NNS are_BER those_DTS F21 84 that_WPR make_VB no_ATI demands_NNS ,_, stir_VB up_RP no_ATI F21 84 distressful_JJ ambitions_NNS and_CC ,_, if_CS they_PP3AS F21 85 have_HV an_AT end-product_NN ,_, have_HV one_CD1 that_WPR need_MD F21 85 never_RB be_BE reached_VBN ._. ^ at_IN the_ATI same_AP F21 86 time_NN they_PP3AS should_MD not_XNOT be_BE over_RB simplified_VBN ._. ^ F21 86 there_EX should_MD be_BE an_AT F21 87 assemblage_NN of_IN apparatus_NN ._. ^ one_CD1 of_IN the_ATI chief_JJB F21 87 factors_NNS that_WPR age_VB and_CC F21 88 depress_VB men_NNS in_IN middle_JJB life_NN ,_, other_AP than_IN F21 88 bachelors_NNS ,_, is_BEZ the_ATI constant_JJ F21 89 spending_NN of_IN money_NN on_IN other_AP people_NNS ._. ^ often_RB ,_, F21 89 practically_RB all_ABN the_ATI money_NN F21 90 expended_VBN by_IN a_AT man_NN for_IN his_PP$ own_AP gratification_NN F21 90 is_BEZ provided_VBN by_IN his_PP$ firm_NN F21 91 through_IN an_AT expense_NN account_NN ,_, which_WDTR is_BEZ useful_JJ F21 91 but_CC dull_JJ ._. ^ the_ATI wise_JJ choice_NN F21 92 of_IN a_AT hobby_NN will_MD enable_VB him_PP3O from_IN time_NN to_IN F21 92 time_NN to_TO slip_VB out_RP and_CC buy_VB F21 93 something_PN *-_*- a_AT tool_NN ,_, a_AT box_NN of_IN flies_NNS ,_, F21 93 an_AT exposure_NN meter_NN ,_, a_AT thing_NN for_IN F21 94 looking_VBG at_IN watermarks_NNS with_IN *-_*- out_RP of_IN his_PP$ F21 94 own_AP pocket_NN and_CC for_IN himself_PPL F21 95 alone_RB ._. ^ this_DT gives_VBZ more_AP pleasure_NN than_IN those_DTS F21 95 who_WPR have_HV never_RB tried_VBN it_PP3 F21 96 would_MD readily_RB believe_VB ._. F21 97 ^ a_AT further_JJB advantage_NN in_IN apparatus_NN hobbies_NNS F21 97 is_BEZ that_CS the_ATI laying_NN out_RP F21 98 process_NN may_MD take_VB so_QL long_RB that_CS there_EX is_BEZ no_ATI F21 98 time_NN actually_RB to_TO begin_VB ._. ^ the_ATI F21 99 preliminary_JJ arrangement_NN ,_, which_WDTR is_BEZ often_RB more_QL F21 99 absorbing_JJ and_CC always_RB less_QL F21 100 exhausting_JJ than_IN the_ATI operation_NN itself_PPL ,_, may_MD F21 100 last_VB till_IN bedtime_NN if_CS it_PP3 is_BEZ F21 101 conscientiously_RB done_VBN ._. ^ one_CD1 of_IN the_ATI happiest_JJT F21 101 and_CC most_QL well-adjusted_JJ F21 102 fishermen_NNS I_PP1A know_VB spends_VBZ at_RB least_RB" one_CD1 hour_NN F21 102 sitting_VBG on_IN the_ATI bank_NN F21 103 selecting_VBG and_CC tying_VBG on_RP a_AT fly_NN ,_, drying_VBG and_CC F21 103 re-greasing_VBG his_PP$ line_NN and_RB so_RB" F21 104 on_RB" for_IN every_AT ten_CD minutes_NNS his_PP$ fly_NN is_BEZ F21 104 actually_RB on_IN the_ATI water_NN *-_*- and_CC that_DT F21 105 of_RB course_RB" takes_VBZ no_ATI account_NN of_IN the_ATI endless_JJ F21 105 pre-preparatory_JJB work_NN he_PP3A does_DOZ F21 106 at_IN home_NR in_IN sorting_VBG ,_, retying_VBG ,_, gut_NN testing_VBG F21 106 ,_, winding_VBG ,_, unwinding_VBG and_CC F21 107 practising_VBG knots_NNS ._. ^ painting_VBG with_IN oils_NNS ,_, for_IN F21 107 the_ATI same_AP reason_NN ,_, is_BEZ to_TO be_BE F21 108 preferred_VBN to_IN water-colours_NNS owing_IN to_IN" the_ATI F21 108 multiplicity_NN of_IN tubes_NNS ,_, the_ATI F21 109 turps_NNS and_CC linseed_NN oil_NN ,_, the_ATI scraping_NN and_CC F21 109 mixing_NN ,_, the_ATI additional_JJ F21 110 precautions_NNS that_WPR must_MD be_BE taken_VBN against_IN the_ATI F21 110 possibility_NN of_IN a_AT mess_NN F21 111 should_MD a_AT start_NN ever_RB be_BE made_VBN ._. ^ to_TO be_BE F21 111 busy_JJ but_CC not_XNOT anxious_JJ *-_*- that_DT is_BEZ the_ATI F21 112 thing_NN ._. ^ you_PP2 have_HV only_RB to_TO compare_VB a_AT woman_NN F21 112 cutting_VBG out_RP material_NN round_IN F21 113 paper_NN patterns_NNS with_IN her_PP$ husband_NN making_VBG plans_NNS F21 113 ,_, with_IN the_ATI aid_NN of_IN F21 114 innumerable_JJ maps_NNS and_CC Cook's_NP$ continental_JJ timetable_NN F21 114 ,_, for_IN next_AP year's_NN$ F21 115 holiday_NN *-_*- each_DT ,_, in_IN his_PP$ and_CC her_PP$ different_JJ F21 115 ways_NNS ,_, indulging_VBG in_IN a_AT F21 116 spare-time_JJB relaxation_NN *-_*- to_TO realize_VB the_ATI F21 116 importance_NN of_IN choosing_VBG a_AT hobby_NN F21 117 where_WRB mistakes_NNS do_DO not_XNOT matter_VB or_CC ,_, better_JJR F21 117 ,_, where_WRB the_ATI point_NN at_IN which_WDTR a_AT F21 118 mistake_NN would_MD matter_VB is_BEZ hardly_RB ever_RB reached_VBN ._. F21 119 ^ I_PP1A am_BEM sometimes_RB asked_VBN by_IN patients_NNS of_IN a_AT F21 119 serious_JJ turn_NN of_IN mind_NN ,_, who_WPR F21 120 would_MD regard_VB philately_NN ,_, say_VB ,_, as_CS too_QL F21 120 frivolous_JJ for_IN them_PP3OS ,_, whether_CS I_PP1A F21 121 would_MD advise_VB them_PP3OS to_TO take_VB up_RP writing_NN as_IN a_AT F21 121 leisure_NN time_NN occupation_NN *-_*- F21 122 the_ATI writing_NN ,_, that_WPR is_BEZ to_TO say_VB ,_, of_IN some_DTI F21 122 worthwhile_JJ book_NN ,_, not_XNOT of_IN a_AT novel_NN F21 123 and_CC still_RB less_RBR of_IN random_JJ articles_NNS for_IN money_NN F21 123 ._. ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ not_XNOT unusual_JJ for_IN a_AT F21 124 man_NN in_IN \0L.M_NP 1_CD1 or_CC thereabouts_RB to_TO feel_VB this_DT F21 124 call_NN to_TO perpetuate_VB F21 125 himself_PPL in_IN print_NN ,_, his_PP$ efforts_NNS to_TO perpetuate_VB F21 125 himself_PPL in_IN other_AP ways_NNS F21 126 having_HVG reached_VBN University_NPL age_NN and_CC got_VBN too_QL F21 126 big_JJ for_IN their_PP$ boots_NNS ,_, and_CC I_PP1A F21 127 do_DO not_XNOT discourage_VB the_ATI urge_NN ._. ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ F21 127 certainly_RB a_AT more_QL wholesome_JJ activity_NN F21 128 for_IN late_JJ middle_JJB age_NN than_IN *'_*' social_JJ work_NN ,_, F21 128 **'_**' a_AT host_NN of_IN F21 129 vice-presidencies_NNS ,_, and_CC the_ATI long_JJ debilitating_JJ F21 129 struggle_NN to_TO become_VB a_AT F21 130 \0J.P_NPT ._. ^ but_CC here_RN again_RB there_EX must_MD be_BE care_NN F21 130 to_TO ensure_VB that_CS the_ATI F21 131 end-product_NN does_DOZ not_XNOT become_VB tiresomely_RB assertive_JJ F21 131 ._. ^ as_CS before_RI ,_, it_PP3 is_BEZ F21 132 the_ATI assemblage_NN of_IN the_ATI materials_NNS that_WPR counts_VBZ F21 132 *-_*- the_ATI note-taking_NN ,_, the_ATI F21 133 comparison_NN of_IN sources_NNS ,_, the_ATI visits_NNS to_IN the_ATI F21 133 British_JNP Museum_NPL ,_, the_ATI constant_JJ F21 134 putting_NN of_IN slips_NNS of_IN paper_NN into_IN large_JJ volumes_NNS F21 134 *-_*- and_CC a_AT subject_NN must_MD be_BE F21 135 chosen_VBN that_WPR will_MD defer_VB the_ATI drudgery_NN of_IN F21 135 actual_JJ writing_NN till_IN death_NN ._. ^ or_CC F21 136 even_RB later_RBR ._. ^ I_PP1A recently_RB came_VBD across_IN a_AT F21 136 case_NN (_( not_XNOT professionally_RB ;_; this_DT F21 137 was_BEDZ before_IN the_ATI days_NNS of_IN mediatrics_NN )_) of_IN a_AT F21 137 man_NN ,_, a_AT solicitor_NN with_IN no_ATI F21 138 previous_JJ knowledge_NN of_IN the_ATI subject_NN ,_, who_WPR F21 138 decided_VBD on_IN his_PP$ fiftieth_OD F21 139 birthday_NN to_TO write_VB a_AT history_NN of_IN man_NN on_IN a_AT F21 139 new_JJ plan_NN ._. ^ on_IN his_PP$ death_NN at_IN F21 140 eighty-four_CD he_PP3A bequeathed_VBD his_PP$ notes_NNS ,_, F21 140 comparative_JJ charts_NNS and_CC unreturned_JJ F21 141 library_NN books_NNS to_IN his_PP$ son_NN ,_, then_RN aged_JJ F21 141 fifty-six_CD ,_, with_IN the_ATI request_NN that_CS F21 142 he_PP3A complete_VB the_ATI task_NN by_IN knocking_VBG the_ATI book_NN F21 142 together_RB ._. ^ the_ATI son_NN occupied_VBD F21 143 twenty-two_CD years_NNS very_QL pleasantly_RB in_IN reading_VBG F21 143 through_IN ,_, revising_VBG and_CC F21 144 annotating_VBG his_PP$ father's_NN$ notes_NNS ,_, and_CC it_PP3 F21 144 was_BEDZ a_AT grandson_NN ,_, a_AT very_QL F21 145 well-rounded_JJ personality_NN of_IN forty-eight_CD with_IN no_ATI F21 145 leisure-time_JJB problems_NNS ,_, F21 146 from_IN whom_WPOR I_PP1A heard_VBD the_ATI story_NN ._. F21 147 ^ here_RN is_BEZ wisdom_NN indeed_RB ,_, when_WRB a_AT man_NN can_MD F21 147 cater_VB not_XNOT only_RB for_IN his_PP$ own_AP F21 148 middle-age_JJB and_CC old_JJ age_NN relaxations_NNS but_CC for_IN F21 148 those_DTS of_IN his_PP$ descendants_NNS as_RB F21 149 well_RB" ._. ^ for_CS we_PP1AS have_HV to_TO remember_VB *-_*- and_CC F21 149 there_EX is_BEZ much_AP comfort_NN in_IN the_ATI F21 150 thought_NN *-_*- that_CS the_ATI children_NNS who_WPR may_MD be_BE a_AT F21 150 grief_NN and_CC vexation_NN to_IN us_PP1OS now_RN F21 151 will_MD themselves_PPLS one_CD1 day_NN be_BE middle-aged_JJ ,_, and_CC F21 151 will_MD then_RN stand_VB in_IN need_NN of_IN F21 152 all_ABN the_ATI comfort_NN and_CC advice_NN that_WPR we_PP1AS ,_, as_IN F21 152 old_JJ men_NNS ,_, can_MD give_VB them_PP3OS ._. F21 153 ^ I_PP1A hope_VB in_IN my_PP$ next_AP paper_NN to_TO suggest_VB a_AP F21 153 few_AP" simple_JJ precautions_NNS by_IN F21 154 which_WDTR what_WDT I_PP1A may_MD call_VB the_ATI pinpricks_NNS of_IN F21 154 middle_JJB age_NN may_MD be_BE avoided_VBN F21 155 or_CC at_RB least_RB" ameliorated_VBN ._. ^ it_PP3 may_MD seem_VB F21 155 strange_JJ ,_, after_IN the_ATI graver_JJR F21 156 problems_NNS with_IN which_WDTR we_PP1AS have_HV already_RB dealt_VBN F21 156 ,_, to_TO concern_VB ourselves_PPLS with_IN F21 157 ostensibly_RB minor_JJ vexations_NNS ,_, but_CC as_CS every_AT F21 157 mediatrist_NN knows_VBZ a_AT F21 158 succession_NN of_IN pinpricks_NNS may_MD be_BE anything_PN but_IN a_AT F21 158 laughing_NN matter_NN ._. ^ it_PP3 F21 159 is_BEZ by_IN no_ATI means_NNS unheard_JJ of_IN for_IN a_AT man_NN of_IN F21 159 forty-five_CD or_CC over_RB to_TO have_HV a_AT F21 160 heart_NN attack_NN simply_RB through_IN lack_NN of_IN care_NN in_IN F21 160 selecting_VBG his_PP$ reading_NN F21 161 matter_NN ._. F21 162 ^ politic_JJ worms_NNS ._. F21 163 ^ by_IN Jane_NP Clapperton_NP ._. F21 164 ^ according_IN to_IN" the_ATI worm_NN runners'_NNS$ digest_NN (_( F21 164 and_CC let_VB 's_PP1OS have_HV no_ATI F21 165 giggling_NN at_IN the_ATI back_NN there_RN ,_, please_UH ;_; this_DT F21 165 is_BEZ a_AT serious_JJ subject_NN )_) F21 166 experiments_NNS are_BER now_RN ,_, right_RB this_DT minute_NN ,_, F21 166 going_VBG forward_RB at_IN Washington_NP F21 167 University_NPL ,_, \0St_NPT Louis_NP ,_, that_WPR are_BER enough_DTI F21 167 to_TO curl_VB your_PP$ hair_NN ._. ^ it_PP3 seems_VBZ F21 168 that_CS Washington_NP University_NPL has_HVZ a_AT \0Dr_NPT Edward_NP F21 168 Ernhart_NP on_IN its_PP$ staff_NN ,_, F21 169 and_CC this_DT \0Dr_NPT Ernhart_NP has_HVZ made_VBN the_ATI fairly_RB F21 169 unattractive_JJ discovery_NN that_CS F21 170 by_RP splitting_VBG a_AT worm's_NN$ head_NN down_IN the_ATI middle_NN F21 170 you_PP2 get_VB not_XNOT only_RB ,_, as_CS you_PP2 F21 171 might_MD expect_VB ,_, a_AT maladjusted_JJ and_CC potentially_RB F21 171 delinquent_JJ worm_NN with_IN a_AT F21 172 grudge_NN against_IN society_NN in_RB general_RB" and_CC \0Dr_NPT F21 172 Ernhart_NP in_RB particular_RB" but_CC F21 173 a_AT worm_NN with_IN two_CD heads_NNS ._. ^ (_( \0Dr_NPT Ernhart_NP F21 173 does_DOZ n't_XNOT actually_RB say_VB his_PP$ F21 174 patients_NNS are_BER maladjusted_JJ after_IN treatment_NN but_CC it_PP3 F21 174 seems_VBZ a_AT fair_JJ bet_NN ._. )_) F21 175 ^ furthermore_RB this_DT two-headed_JJ worm_NN reacts_VBZ more_QL F21 175 rapidly_RB to_IN electric_JJ F21 176 shock-light_JJB stimulus_NN than_CS do_DO the_ATI obsolescent_JJ F21 176 mark_NN 1_CD1 worms_NNS with_IN only_RB F21 177 one_CD1 head_NN ._. ^ so_RB there_RN ._. F21 178 ^ the_ATI deeper_JJR implications_NNS of_IN all_ABN this_DT only_RB F21 178 begin_VB to_TO writhe_VB to_IN the_ATI F21 179 surface_NN when_WRB we_PP1AS see_VB that_CS the_ATI daily_JJ F21 179 telegraph_NN ,_, whence_WRB comes_VBZ this_DT F21 180 awesome_JJ bulletin_NN ,_, describes_VBZ the_ATI worm_NN runners'_NNS$ F21 180 digest_NN as_IN a_AT F21 181 publication_NN dealing_VBG with_IN *'_*' studies_NNS started_VBN to_TO F21 181 find_VB out_RP if_CS worms_NNS could_MD F21 182 be_BE taught_VBN anything_PN ._. **'_**' F22 2 ^ Thracian_NP pays_VBZ a_AT dividend_NN ._. F22 3 ^ by_IN Captain_NPT \0C_NP \0F_NP *'_*' trader_NN **'_**' Horn_NP ._. F22 4 ^ a_AT salvage_NN award_NN may_MD be_BE the_ATI seaman's_NN$ *'_*' F22 4 pools_NNS prize_NN **'_**' *-_*- but_CC often_RB F22 5 it_PP3 is_BEZ no_ATI more_AP than_IN a_AT fourth_OD dividend_NN ..._... F22 5 ._. F22 6 ^ salvage_NN !_! ^ the_ATI very_AP word_NN has_HVZ a_AT special_JJ F22 6 ring_NN for_IN the_ATI sailor_NN ,_, F22 7 rather_RB like_IN the_ATI magic_JJ words_NNS *'_*' first_NC dividend_NC F22 7 **'_**' have_HV for_IN the_ATI football_NN F22 8 pools_NNS enthusiast_NN ashore_RB ._. ^ the_ATI very_AP nature_NN of_IN F22 8 the_ATI sailor's_NN$ calling_NN very_QL F22 9 often_RB debars_VBZ him_PP3O from_IN taking_VBG part_NN in_IN the_ATI F22 9 pools_NNS ,_, so_CS any_DTI dreams_NNS he_PP3A may_MD F22 10 have_HV of_IN sudden_JJ opulence_NN are_BER usually_RB centred_VBN F22 10 around_IN a_AT share_NN of_IN a_AT big_JJ F22 11 award_NN for_IN salvage_NN at_IN sea_NN ._. F22 12 ^ even_RB so_RB ,_, any_DTI award_NN he_PP3A may_MD get_VB will_MD F22 12 n't_XNOT compare_VB with_IN the_ATI fabulous_JJ F22 13 pools'_NNS$ prizes_NNS ,_, and_CC he_PP3A 'll_MD undoubtedly_RB have_HV F22 13 to_TO work_VB extremely_RB hard_RB for_IN F22 14 it_PP3 ,_, and_CC possibly_RB face_VB great_JJ danger_NN ._. ^ F22 14 salvage_VB awards_NNS are_BER determined_VBN by_IN F22 15 the_ATI Admiralty_NP courts_NNS ,_, which_WDTR take_VB into_IN F22 15 account_NN all_ABN the_ATI risks_NNS involved_VBN ,_, F22 16 so_CS even_CS if_CS" our_PP$ sailor_NN chances_VBZ upon_IN an_AT F22 16 abandoned_JJ luxury_NN liner_NN ,_, lying_VBG F22 17 placidly_RB on_IN a_AT tranquil_JJ sea_NN and_CC just_RB waiting_VBG F22 17 to_TO be_BE towed_VBN in_RP ,_, it_PP3 will_MD n't_XNOT F22 18 bring_VB him_PP3O a_AT first_OD dividend_NN !_! F22 19 ^ marine_JJ salvage_NN laws_NNS are_BER complex_JJ ,_, and_CC F22 19 one_CD1 needs_VBZ to_TO be_BE a_AT Dutch_JNP F22 20 lawyer_NN to_TO understand_VB them_PP3OS ._. ^ sufficient_JJ for_IN F22 20 the_ATI sailor_NN to_TO know_VB the_ATI main_JJB F22 21 factors_NNS which_WDTR govern_VB the_ATI amount_NN he_PP3A is_BEZ F22 21 likely_JJ to_TO get_VB for_IN his_PP$ prize_NN if_CS ,_, F22 22 in_IN fact_NN ,_, anything_PN at_IN all_ABN !_! F22 23 ^ masters_NNS of_IN all_ABN ships_NNS have_HV an_AT express_JJB F22 23 duty_NN to_TO render_VB assistance_NN to_IN F22 24 persons_NNS in_IN danger_NN at_IN sea_NN ,_, oddly_RB enough_QLP F22 24 including_IN enemy_NN subjects_NNS in_IN F22 25 time_NN of_IN war_NN ._. ^ the_ATI rescue_NN of_IN ships_NNS ,_, F22 25 lives_NNS or_CC cargo_NN from_IN danger_NN is_BEZ a_AT F22 26 salvage_NN service_NN ,_, and_CC rewards_NNS for_IN such_ABL F22 26 services_NNS are_BER paid_VBN according_IN to_IN" F22 27 the_ATI risks_NNS run_VBN by_IN the_ATI salvors_NNS ,_, the_ATI F22 27 value_NN of_IN the_ATI property_NN they_PP3AS risk_VB and_CC ,_, F22 28 of_RB course_RB" ,_, what_WDT is_BEZ saved_VBN and_CC from_IN what_WDT F22 28 danger_NN ._. F22 29 ^ the_ATI few_AP occasions_NNS when_WRB I_PP1A 've_HV had_HVN a_AT F22 29 personal_JJ interest_NN in_IN a_AT salvage_NN F22 30 claim_NN *-_*- even_RB when_WRB all_ABN added_VBN together_RB *-_*- F22 30 have_HV n't_XNOT produced_VBN enough_DTI even_RB to_TO F22 31 buy_VB a_AT coffee_NN stall_NN ._. F22 32 ^ they_PP3AS all_ABN occurred_VBD during_IN my_PP$ service_NN F22 32 with_IN the_ATI Trinity_NP House_NPL ,_, which_WDTR F22 33 is_BEZ not_XNOT altogether_RB surprising_JJ when_WRB one_CD1 F22 33 remembers_VBZ that_CS ships_NNS of_IN the_ATI F22 34 Trinity_NP House_NPL service_NN frequently_RB put_VB to_IN sea_NN on_IN F22 34 emergency_NN calls_NNS ,_, when_WRB F22 35 other_AP ships_NNS are_BER running_VBG for_IN shelter_NN ,_, and_CC F22 35 it_PP3 's_BEZ usually_RB under_IN just_RB those_DTS F22 36 conditions_NNS that_CS help_NN is_BEZ called_VBN for_IN ._. F22 37 ^ they_PP3AS ranged_VBD from_IN drifting_JJ bales_NNS of_IN raw_JJ F22 37 silk_NN to_IN part_NN cargo_NN from_IN F22 38 the_ATI much-publicized_JJB wreck_NN of_IN the_ATI flying_JJ F22 38 enterprise_NN ,_, but_CC the_ATI F22 39 biggest_JJT one_CD1 ,_, which_WDTR initially_RB seemed_VBD to_TO F22 39 spell_VB shore-bound_JJ independence_NN ,_, F22 40 happened_VBD in_IN the_ATI winter_NN of_IN 1955_CD ,_, just_RB one_CD1 F22 40 year_NN before_CS I_PP1A *'_*' swallowed_VBD the_ATI F22 41 anchor_NN **'_**' ._. F22 42 ^ as_CS is_BEZ nearly_RB always_RB the_ATI case_NN with_IN F22 42 salvage_NN work_NN ,_, it_PP3 was_BEDZ one_CD1 of_IN F22 43 those_DTS nights_NNS when_WRB sailors_NNS envy_VB farmers_NNS their_PP$ F22 43 jobs_NNS *-_*- as_QL black_JJ as_IN F22 44 Egypt's_NP$ night_NN ,_, pouring_VBG with_IN rain_NN and_CC blowing_VBG F22 44 a_AT gale_NN from_IN the_ATI F22 45 south-east_NR ._. F22 46 ^ we_PP1AS 'd_HVD had_HVN a_AT really_RB dirty_JJ passage_NN F22 46 south_NR from_IN Flamborough_NP Head_NPL ,_, and_CC F22 47 had_HVD tucked_VBN ourselves_PPLS close_RB under_IN the_ATI lee_NN F22 47 of_IN Scroby_NP Elbow_NPL in_IN Yarmouth_NP F22 48 Roads_NPLS for_IN the_ATI night_NN ._. ^ Scroby_NP Elbow_NPL is_BEZ F22 48 a_AT small_JJ ,_, natural_JJ inlet_NN on_IN the_ATI F22 49 landward_JJB side_NN of_IN the_ATI Scroby_NP Sands_NPLS ,_, which_WDTR F22 49 run_VB parallel_RB to_IN the_ATI Norfolk_NP F22 50 coast_NN ,_, and_CC quite_ABL a_AT big_JJ ship_NN can_MD creep_VB in_IN F22 50 there_RN with_IN local_JJ knowledge_NN *-_*- F22 51 it_PP3 's_BEZ the_ATI only_AP bit_NN of_IN shelter_NN for_IN miles_NNS F22 51 when_WRB the_ATI wind_NN 's_BEZ south-easterly_JJ F22 52 in_IN that_DT area_NN ._. F22 53 ^ I_PP1A was_BEDZ quite_RB tired_JJ and_CC very_QL relieved_JJ F22 53 when_WRB I_PP1A wrote_VBD ~ *'_*' finished_VBN with_IN F22 54 engines_NNS **'_**' in_IN the_ATI logbook_NN ,_, set_VBD anchor_NN F22 54 watches_NNS and_CC went_VBD below_RI to_IN the_ATI F22 55 wardroom_NN ._. F22 56 ^ we_PP1AS 'd_HVD just_RB about_RB settled_VBN down_RP to_IN our_PP$ F22 56 evening_NN meal_NN when_WRB a_AT F22 57 quartermaster_NN appeared_VBD to_TO report_VB a_AT ship_NN on_IN F22 57 fire_NN about_RB three_CD miles_NNS F22 58 north_NR of_IN us_PP1OS ._. F22 59 ^ in_IN view_NN of_IN the_ATI weather_NN conditions_NNS ,_, we_PP1AS F22 59 'd_HVD maintained_VBN a_AT full_JJ head_NN of_IN F22 60 steam_NN ,_, so_CS it_PP3 was_BEDZ n't_XNOT long_RB before_CS we_PP1AS F22 60 were_BED under_IN way_NN and_CC steaming_VBG towards_IN F22 61 the_ATI other_AP ship_NN at_IN our_PP$ best_JJT speed_NN ._. ^ I_PP1A F22 61 was_BEDZ on_IN the_ATI navigating_NN bridge_NN ,_, F22 62 while_CS the_ATI officers_NNS mustered_VBD the_ATI hands_NNS to_TO F22 62 make_VB our_PP$ boats_NNS ready_JJ with_IN F22 63 blankets_NNS and_CC medical_JJ stores_NNS ,_, and_CC prepared_VBD F22 63 the_ATI fire-fighting_NN equipment_NN ._. F22 64 ^ I_PP1A could_MD tell_VB from_IN the_ATI bearing_NN of_IN the_ATI F22 64 ship_NN in_IN distress_NN that_CS she_PP3A F22 65 was_BEDZ probably_RB ashore_RB on_IN the_ATI northern_JJ end_NN of_IN F22 65 the_ATI sandbank_NN ,_, and_CC the_ATI F22 66 flames_NNS the_ATI quartermaster_NN had_HVD seen_VBN were_BED F22 66 actually_RB distress_NN signals_NNS which_WDTR F22 67 are_BER described_VBN in_IN the_ATI regulations_NNS as_IN *'_*' F22 67 flames_NNS from_IN a_AT burning_JJ tar_NN F22 68 barrel_NN ,_, oil_NN barrel_NN ,_, \0etc_RB ._. **'_**' ^ soon_RB F22 68 this_DT was_BEDZ confirmed_VBN as_CS she_PP3A started_VBD F22 69 to_TO fire_VB distress_NN rockets_NNS ,_, and_CC I_PP1A saw_VBD the_ATI F22 69 maroon_NN from_IN shore_NN announcing_VBG F22 70 the_ATI launching_NN of_IN the_ATI Caister_NP lifeboat_NN ._. F22 71 ^ the_ATI lifeboat_NN and_CC the_ATI ship_NN I_PP1A was_BEDZ F22 71 commanding_VBG ,_, the_ATI \0T.H.V_NP F22 72 warden_NN ,_, reached_VBD a_AT spot_NN abreast_RB of_IN the_ATI F22 72 grounded_JJ ship_NN at_IN the_ATI same_AP F22 73 time_NN ,_, and_CC our_PP$ motor_NN launch_NN was_BEDZ lowered_VBN F22 73 to_TO assist_VB the_ATI lifeboat_NN in_IN the_ATI F22 74 rescue_NN of_IN the_ATI crew_NN ._. ^ this_DT tricky_JJ manoeuvre_NN F22 74 was_BEDZ carried_VBN out_RP by_IN the_ATI F22 75 lifeboat's_NN$ crew_NN with_IN an_AT easy_JJ coolness_NN ,_, in_IN F22 75 spite_IN" of_IN" the_ATI foul_JJ weather_NN F22 76 and_CC ,_, as_IN a_AT sailor_NN ,_, I_PP1A was_BEDZ filled_VBN with_IN F22 76 admiration_NN for_IN the_ATI seamanlike_JJ way_NN F22 77 in_IN which_WDTR it_PP3 was_BEDZ done_VBN ._. F22 78 ^ when_WRB the_ATI stranded_JJ ship_NN had_HVD been_BEN F22 78 abandoned_VBN ,_, we_PP1AS approached_VBD her_PP3O as_QL F22 79 near_RI as_CS possible_JJ ,_, with_IN a_AT searchlight_NN playing_VBG F22 79 on_IN the_ATI wreck_NN ._. ^ in_IN its_PP$ F22 80 powerful_JJ beam_NN I_PP1A could_MD see_VB that_CS she_PP3A was_BEDZ F22 80 a_AT steam_NN trawler_NN of_IN some_DTI F22 81 two-hundred_CD and_CC fifty_CD tons_NNS ,_, the_ATI Thracian_NP ,_, F22 81 registered_VBN in_IN the_ATI port_NN F22 82 of_IN Grimsby_NP ,_, and_CC I_PP1A learned_VBD later_RBR that_CS F22 82 she_PP3A was_BEDZ bound_VBN for_IN Ostend_NP ._. F22 83 ^ it_PP3 was_BEDZ still_RB flood_NN tide_NN (_( rising_VBG )_) F22 83 although_CS it_PP3 had_HVD eased_VBN ,_, and_CC the_ATI F22 84 force_NN of_IN the_ATI wind_NN was_BEDZ great_JJ enough_QLP to_TO F22 84 prevent_VB her_PP3O driving_VBG any_RB farther_RBR F22 85 on_RP to_IN the_ATI bank_NN ._. ^ this_DT was_BEDZ a_AT good_JJ omen_NN F22 85 ,_, for_CS I_PP1A hoped_VBD that_CS at_IN slack_JJ water_NN F22 86 the_ATI gale_NN force_NN weight_NN of_IN the_ATI wind_NN might_MD F22 86 shift_VB her_PP3O ._. ^ we_PP1AS had_HVD to_TO stay_VB by_IN F22 87 her_PP3O in_IN any_DTI case_NN ._. ^ as_IN a_AT derelict_NN ,_, F22 87 she_PP3A was_BEDZ a_AT potential_JJ danger_NN to_IN F22 88 navigation_NN and_CC was_BEDZ ,_, therefore_RB ,_, the_ATI F22 88 responsibility_NN of_IN Trinity_NP House_NPL ._. F22 89 ^ added_VBN to_IN this_DT ,_, in_IN their_PP$ haste_NN to_TO leave_VB F22 89 her_PP3O ,_, the_ATI crew_NN had_HVD left_VBN her_PP$ F22 90 navigation_NN lights_NNS burning_VBG ,_, which_WDTR could_MD easily_RB F22 90 be_BE misleading_JJ to_IN other_AP F22 91 shipping_NN ._. F22 92 ^ my_PP$ surmise_NN was_BEDZ right_JJ ,_, for_CS an_AT hour_NN or_CC F22 92 so_PN later_RBR her_PP$ bow_NN started_VBD to_TO F22 93 lift_VB to_IN the_ATI big_JJ ground_NN swell_NN ,_, showing_VBG that_CS F22 93 only_RB her_PP$ stern_NN was_BEDZ still_RB F22 94 aground_RB ._. ^ we_PP1AS weighed_VBD anchor_NN and_CC approached_VBD F22 94 her_PP3O still_RB nearer_RBR ,_, but_CC with_IN F22 95 great_JJ care_NN ,_, fixing_VBG our_PP$ position_NN constantly_RB ,_, F22 95 and_CC continuously_RB sounding_VBG F22 96 the_ATI depth_NN of_IN water_NN ,_, for_CS this_DT was_BEDZ the_ATI F22 96 moment_NN if_CS we_PP1AS were_BED going_VBG to_TO get_VB F22 97 her_PP3O off_RP ._. F22 98 ^ some_DTI of_IN our_PP$ ratings_NNS had_HVD already_RB been_BEN F22 98 placed_VBN on_IN board_NN Thracian_NP F22 99 by_IN warden's_NN$ motor_NN boat_NN ,_, and_CC had_HVD put_VBN out_RP F22 99 a_AT fire_NN ,_, on_IN her_PP$ F22 100 engine-room_NN skylight_NN ,_, which_WDTR had_HVD been_BEN started_VBN F22 100 by_IN the_ATI flame_NN distress_NN F22 101 signals_NNS ._. ^ they_PP3AS 'd_HVD also_RB drawn_VBN her_PP$ F22 101 stokehold_NN fires_NNS ,_, for_CS if_CS they_PP3AS 'd_HVD been_BEN F22 102 left_VBN alight_JJ ,_, with_IN no_ATI feed_NN water_NN going_VBG F22 102 into_IN the_ATI boilers_NNS ,_, they_PP3AS might_MD F22 103 have_HV blown_VBN up_RP ._. F22 104 ^ in_IN a_AT ship_NN drawing_VBG fifteen_CD feet_NNS ,_, when_WRB F22 104 one_CD1 is_BEZ approaching_VBG a_AT hidden_JJ F22 105 danger_NN in_IN a_AT full_JJ gale_NN and_CC ,_, with_IN the_ATI tide_NN F22 105 setting_VBG on_RP one_CD1 side_NN and_CC the_ATI F22 106 wind_NN pressing_VBG on_IN the_ATI other_AP ,_, making_VBG leeway_NN F22 106 which_WDTR can_MD not_XNOT be_BE accurately_RB F22 107 calculated_VBN ,_, it_PP3 is_BEZ not_XNOT easy_JJ to_TO appear_VB F22 107 calm_JJ as_CS ,_, in_IN sing-song_NN monotony_NN ,_, F22 108 the_ATI soundings_NNS are_BER called_VBN to_IN the_ATI bridge_NN F22 108 from_IN the_ATI leadsman_NN in_IN the_ATI F22 109 chains_NNS ._. F22 110 ^ *'_*' by_IN the_ATI mark_NN ,_, three_CD ._. **'_**' F22 111 ^ *'_*' and_CC a_AT quarter_NN less_AP ,_, three_CD ._. **'_**' F22 112 ^ this_DT was_BEDZ as_QL near_RI as_CS we_PP1AS could_MD go_VB ,_, F22 112 with_IN just_RB eighteen_CD inches_NNS of_IN F22 113 water_NN under_IN our_PP$ keel_NN ._. ^ now_RN my_PP$ ship_NN had_HVD F22 113 to_TO be_BE held_VBN there_RN ,_, for_CS we_PP1AS were_BED F22 114 near_RI enough_QLP to_TO run_VB a_AT rope_NN away_RP and_CC get_VB F22 114 it_PP3 on_IN board_IN" the_ATI trawler_NN ._. F22 115 ^ in_IN retrospect_NN ,_, it_PP3 was_BEDZ an_AT easy_JJ job_NN ,_, F22 115 for_CS there_EX were_BED no_ATI snags_NNS ;_; but_CC I_PP1A F22 116 suspect_VB that_CS I_PP1A got_VBD three_CD more_AP grey_JJ hairs_NNS F22 116 during_IN the_ATI operation_NN ._. F22 117 ^ at_RB long_RB" last_RB" we_PP1AS had_HVD the_ATI Thracian_NP F22 117 secured_VBN alongside_IN our_PP$ F22 118 starboard_JJB side_NN ,_, against_IN huge_JJ coir_NN fenders_NNS ,_, F22 118 our_PP$ launch_NN was_BEDZ hoisted_VBN F22 119 inboard_RB and_CC both_ABX ships_NNS were_BED in_IN deep_JJ water_NN F22 119 again_RB ._. F22 120 ^ the_ATI weather_NN had_HVD worsened_VBN ,_, and_CC to_TO leave_VB F22 120 the_ATI comparative_JJ shelter_NN of_IN F22 121 Yarmouth_NP Roads_NPLS would_MD have_HV been_BEN madness_NN ._. ^ F22 121 Yarmouth_NP Haven_NPL is_BEZ always_RB a_AT F22 122 tricky_JJ place_NN to_TO enter_VB in_IN a_AT south-east_NR wind_NN ,_, F22 122 and_CC even_RB for_IN an_AT unimpeded_JJ F22 123 ship_NN it_PP3 would_MD have_HV been_BEN hazardous_JJ under_IN the_ATI F22 123 prevailing_JJ conditions_NNS ._. ^ to_TO F22 124 do_DO so_PN with_IN another_DT vessel_NN in_IN tow_NN was_BEDZ F22 124 impossible_JJ ,_, so_CS I_PP1A took_VBD my_PP$ tow_NN back_RP F22 125 to_IN my_PP$ sheltered_JJ anchorage_NN to_TO ride_VB out_RP the_ATI F22 125 storm_NN ._. F22 126 ^ when_WRB daylight_NN came_VBD I_PP1A surveyed_VBD my_PP$ prize_NN F22 126 ._. ^ she_PP3A was_BEDZ no_ATI luxury_NN liner_NN ._. F22 127 ^ she_PP3A certainly_RB looked_VBD her_PP$ part_NN of_IN a_AT F22 127 derelict_NN ,_, and_CC I_PP1A learned_VBD later_RBR that_CS F22 128 she_PP3A had_HVD been_BEN sold_VBN for_IN scrap_NN ,_, and_CC a_AT F22 128 scratch_NN crew_NN were_BED taking_VBG her_PP3O on_IN her_PP$ F22 129 last_AP voyage_NN to_IN the_ATI Belgian_JNP breakers'_NNS$ yard_NN ._. ^ F22 129 just_RB my_PP$ luck_NN ,_, I_PP1A thought_VBD ._. F22 130 ^ for_IN the_ATI next_AP two_CD days_NNS it_PP3 blew_VBD really_RB F22 130 hard_RB without_IN the_ATI slightest_JJT F22 131 abatement_NN ._. ^ Thracian_NP surged_VBD and_CC ranged_VBD against_IN F22 131 our_PP$ ship-side_NN ,_, F22 132 chewing_VBG away_RP the_ATI fendering_NN ,_, and_CC fraying_VBG and_CC F22 132 parting_VBG the_ATI mooring_NN ropes_NNS F22 133 holding_VBG the_ATI two_CD ships_NNS together_RB ._. ^ we_PP1AS F22 133 dropped_VBD her_PP3O astern_RB ,_, on_IN the_ATI end_NN of_IN F22 134 a_AT seven-inch_JJB manilla_NN ,_, for_IN comfort_NN ,_, and_CC F22 134 she_PP3A laid_VBD comfortably_RB on_IN the_ATI ebb_NN F22 135 tide_NN ;_; but_CC so_QL great_JJ was_BEDZ the_ATI wind_NN force_NN ,_, F22 135 that_CS on_IN the_ATI flood_NN she_PP3A kept_VBD F22 136 driving_VBG up_RP on_IN us_PP1OS ,_, so_CS there_EX was_BEDZ no_ATI F22 136 respite_NN for_IN the_ATI watch_NN on_IN deck_NN ._. F22 137 ^ twice_RB we_PP1AS got_VBD under_IN way_NN and_CC ran_VBD down_RP F22 137 to_IN the_ATI haven_NN entrance_NN ,_, but_CC F22 138 each_DT time_NN we_PP1AS poked_VBD our_PP$ noses_NNS outside_IN the_ATI F22 138 friendly_JJ lee_NN of_IN the_ATI sands_NNS ,_, it_PP3 F22 139 was_BEDZ obvious_JJ that_CS it_PP3 was_BEDZ quite_RB hopeless_JJ ._. ^ F22 139 the_ATI seas_NNS breaking_VBG high_RB over_IN F22 140 the_ATI south_NR pier_NN lighthouse_NN ,_, and_CC the_ATI gyrating_JJ F22 140 boil_NN between_IN the_ATI piers_NNS ,_, F22 141 spelt_VBD disaster_NN for_IN anyone_PN ill-advised_JJ enough_QLP to_TO F22 141 attempt_VB to_TO cross_VB the_ATI F22 142 bar_NN ._. F22 143 ^ I_PP1A learned_VBD over_IN the_ATI radio-telephone_NN that_CS F22 143 charges_NNS for_IN towage_NN into_IN F22 144 the_ATI port_NN were_BED based_VBN on_IN the_ATI tonnage_NN of_IN F22 144 the_ATI towing_JJ vessel_NN ,_, so_CS I_PP1A engaged_VBD F22 145 a_AT local_JJ tug_NN to_TO do_DO the_ATI job_NN for_IN twenty_CD F22 145 pounds_NNS ._. F22 146 ^ it_PP3 was_BEDZ more_AP than_IN forty-eight_CD hours_NNS after_CS F22 146 we_PP1AS had_HVD plucked_VBN the_ATI F22 147 trawler_NN off_IN the_ATI sandbank_NN before_CS conditions_NNS F22 147 improved_VBD sufficiently_RB to_TO F22 148 allow_VB us_PP1OS to_TO hand_VB her_PP3O over_RP to_IN the_ATI F22 148 harbour_NN tug_NN ,_, and_CC be_BE berthed_VBN in_IN F22 149 Yarmouth_NP Haven_NPL ._. F22 150 ^ I_PP1A deposited_VBD a_AT claim_NN for_IN salvage_NN with_IN F22 150 the_ATI receiver_NN of_IN wrecks_NNS ,_, and_CC F22 151 learned_VBD that_CS I_PP1A was_BEDZ now_RN a_AT ship_NN owner_NN ,_, F22 151 and_CC responsible_JJ for_IN all_ABN debts_NNS she_PP3A F22 152 incurred_VBD ,_, such_IN as_IN" harbour_NN dues_NNS ,_, moorings_NNS F22 152 ,_, \0etc_RB ,_, until_IN such_ABL time_NN as_CS F22 153 she_PP3A was_BEDZ handed_VBN back_RP to_IN her_PP$ rightful_JJ owner_NN F22 153 ._. F22 154 ^ for_IN his_PP$ part_NN ,_, he_PP3A had_HVD to_TO deposit_VB a_AT F22 154 considerable_JJ sum_NN of_IN money_NN F22 155 before_CS he_PP3A could_MD sail_VB her_PP3O again_RB ,_, pending_IN F22 155 negotiations_NNS on_IN our_PP$ claim_NN ._. F22 156 ^ these_DTS were_BED quite_RB protracted_JJ ,_, and_CC it_PP3 was_BEDZ F22 156 many_AP months_NNS before_CS we_PP1AS agreed_VBD F22 157 a_AT mutual_JJ settlement_NN ._. F22 158 ^ it_PP3 was_BEDZ n't_XNOT a_AT first_OD dividend_NN *-_*- unless_CS F22 158 there_EX were_BED a_AT lot_NN of_IN winners_NNS F22 159 that_DT week_NN !_! F22 160 ^ the_ATI laws_NNS of_IN salvage_NN ._. F22 161 ^ as_CS salvage_NN operations_NNS are_BER often_RB attended_VBN F22 161 by_IN considerable_JJ hard_JJ F22 162 work_NN and_CC great_JJ risk_NN ,_, the_ATI obligation_NN to_TO pay_VB F22 162 compensation_NN is_BEZ so_QL F22 163 obviously_RB based_VBN on_IN the_ATI principles_NNS of_IN justice_NN F22 163 that_CS payment_NN has_HVZ been_BEN F22 164 allowed_VBN at_IN all_ABN times_NNS by_IN every_AT civilized_JJ F22 164 country_NN ._. F22 165 ^ to_TO qualify_VB for_IN salvage_NN ,_, it_PP3 must_MD be_BE F22 165 shown_VBN that_CS (_( 1_CD1 )_) services_NNS were_BED F22 166 rendered_VBN voluntarily_RB ,_, (_( 2_CD )_) there_EX was_BEDZ the_ATI F22 166 chance_NN of_IN destruction_NN if_CS the_ATI F22 167 service_NN had_HVD been_BEN withheld_VBN ,_, and_CC (_( 3_CD )_) F22 167 the_ATI services_NNS rendered_VBN were_BED of_IN F22 168 actual_JJ benefit_NN ._. F22 169 ^ towage_NN ,_, in_IN most_AP cases_NNS ,_, gives_VBZ no_ATI F22 169 right_NN to_IN compensation_NN payment_NN as_CS F22 170 distinct_JJ from_IN towage_NN fees_NNS ,_, and_CC a_AT ship's_NN$ F22 170 crew_NN is_BEZ expected_VBN ,_, in_IN the_ATI F22 171 ordinary_JJ course_NN of_IN duty_NN ,_, to_TO do_DO all_ABN that_WPR F22 171 may_MD be_BE necessary_JJ to_TO save_VB their_PP$ F22 172 vessel_NN ._. F22 173 ^ however_RB ,_, if_CS unusual_JJ services_NNS are_BER performed_VBN F22 173 ,_, or_CC unforeseen_JJ perils_NNS F22 174 encountered_VBN ,_, a_AT claim_NN is_BEZ nearly_RB always_RB F22 174 sustained_VBN ._. F22 175 ^ salvage_NN laws_NNS quote_VB an_AT example_NN of_IN F22 175 circumstances_NNS in_IN which_WDTR there_EX F22 176 would_MD be_BE an_AT entitlement_NN to_IN reward_NN ._. ^ if_CS a_AT F22 176 vessel_NN ,_, whose_WP$R captain_NN is_BEZ F22 177 ignorant_JJ of_IN the_ATI locality_NN ,_, during_IN a_AT heavy_JJ F22 177 storm_NN is_BEZ driving_VBG towards_IN a_AT F22 178 dangerous_JJ shore_NN ,_, and_CC a_AT pilot_NN ,_, seeing_VBG her_PP$ F22 178 loss_NN to_TO be_BE inevitable_JJ ,_, puts_VBZ F22 179 out_RP to_IN sea_NN to_TO assist_VB ,_, he_PP3A would_MD be_BE F22 179 entitled_VBN to_IN salvage_NN ,_, because_CS his_PP$ F22 180 services_NNS could_MD not_XNOT reasonably_RB be_BE expected_VBN in_IN F22 180 return_NN for_IN ordinary_JJ F22 181 pilots'_NNS$ fees_NNS ._. F22 182 ^ in_IN the_ATI absence_NN of_IN any_DTI prior_JJ agreement_NN F22 182 between_IN the_ATI parties_NNS as_IN to_IN" F22 183 the_ATI rate_NN of_IN salvage_NN payable_JJ ,_, the_ATI amount_NN F22 183 is_BEZ assessed_VBN ,_, as_IN a_AT rule_NN ,_, by_IN F22 184 the_ATI Admiralty_NP court_NN ._. ^ and_CC in_IN the_ATI case_NN of_IN F22 184 any_DTI such_ABL agreement_NN having_HVG F22 185 been_BEN made_VBN ,_, the_ATI court_NN would_MD still_RB set_VB it_PP3 F22 185 aside_RP if_CS it_PP3 considered_VBD the_ATI F22 186 amount_NN exorbitant_JJ ,_, and_CC that_CS it_PP3 had_HVD been_BEN F22 186 agreed_VBN to_IN by_IN the_ATI master_NN of_IN the_ATI F22 187 ship_NN under_IN moral_JJ compulsion_NN ._. F22 188 ^ salvage_NN money_NN is_BEZ divided_VBN in_IN certain_JJ F22 188 proportions_NNS between_IN the_ATI F22 189 owners_NNS ,_, captain_NN ,_, other_AP officers_NNS ,_, and_CC the_ATI F22 189 crew_NN of_IN the_ATI salving_JJ F22 190 vessel_NN ._. F22 191 ^ girl_NN divers_NNS of_IN Japan_NP ._. F22 192 ^ ever_RB since_IN the_ATI tenth_OD century_NN ,_, Japanese_JNP F22 192 girls_NNS have_HV been_BEN F22 193 plunging_VBG into_IN the_ATI waters_NNS around_IN their_PP$ F22 193 country's_NN$ coastline_NN ,_, in_IN their_PP$ F22 194 search_NN for_IN pearls_NNS ,_, and_CC for_IN the_ATI seaweed_NN F22 194 used_VBN as_IN fertilizer_NN ._. F22 195 ^ known_VBN as_IN amas_&FW ,_, these_DTS girls_NNS ,_, wearing_VBG F22 195 only_RB shorts_NNS and_CC goggles_NNS ,_, F22 196 comb_VB the_ATI sea_NN bed_NN for_IN the_ATI prize_NN ,_, their_PP$ F22 196 sole_JJB equipment_NN being_BEG a_AT knife_NN F22 197 with_IN a_AT foot-long_JJB blade_NN ,_, and_CC a_AT basket_NN to_TO F22 197 carry_VB their_PP$ catch_NN ._. F23 2 ^ the_ATI other_AP barges_NNS were_BED beached_VBN and_CC grounded_VBN F23 2 now_RN ,_, as_CS the_ATI navy_NN had_HVD F23 3 ordered_VBN :_: skipper_NN Harold_NP Miller's_NP$ Royalty_NP ,_, F23 3 Charlie_NP Webb's_NP$ Barbara_NP F23 4 Jean_NP ,_, Harry_NP Potter's_NP$ Aidie_NP ,_, the_ATI Ena_NP under_IN F23 4 Captain_NPT Alfred_NP F23 5 Page_NP ._. ^ Tollesbury_NP was_BEDZ the_ATI last_AP of_IN her_PP$ F23 5 line_NN :_: she_PP3A must_MD survive_VB F23 6 the_ATI carnage_NN ._. F23 7 ^ worse_JJR ,_, Webb_NP had_HVD seen_VBN with_IN a_AT prickle_NN F23 7 of_IN horror_NN the_ATI Doris_NP ,_, F23 8 sinking_VBG rapidly_RB and_CC abandoned_VBN ,_, drifting_VBG on_IN F23 8 the_ATI remorseless_JJ tide_NN F23 9 towards_IN the_ATI Nieuport_NP shore_NN ._. ^ his_PP$ own_AP F23 9 brother-in-law_NN ,_, Captain_NPT Fred_NP F23 10 Finbow_NP ,_, was_BEDZ the_ATI skipper_NN ._. F23 11 ^ as_CS in_IN a_AT mist_NN ,_, Webb_NP saw_VBD one_CD1 hope_NN of_IN F23 11 salvation_NN :_: the_ATI old_JJ Thames_NP tug_NN F23 12 Cervia_NP ,_, under_IN Captain_NPT William_NP Simmons_NP ,_, was_BEDZ F23 12 moving_VBG in_RP to_TO take_VB them_PP3OS F23 13 in_IN tow_NN ._. ^ now_RN a_AT fresh_JJ problem_NN arose_VBD :_: no_RB F23 13 sooner_RBR was_BEDZ the_ATI tow-rope_NN secured_VBN F23 14 to_IN the_ATI Tollesbury_NP than_CS Simmons_NP ,_, anxious_JJ to_TO F23 14 put_VB Dunkirk_NP behind_IN him_PP3O ,_, F23 15 went_VBD ahead_RB fast_RB ._. F23 16 ^ it_PP3 was_BEDZ too_QL much_AP for_IN the_ATI barge_NN ._. ^ F23 16 with_IN an_AT unearthly_JJ splintering_NN the_ATI F23 17 tug_NN tore_VBD her_PP$ bit-head_NN *-_*- the_ATI stout_JJ wooden_JJ F23 17 casing_NN of_IN the_ATI windlass_NN *-_*- F23 18 clean_VB out_RP by_IN the_ATI roots_NNS ._. ^ again_RB Tollesbury_NP F23 18 was_BEDZ adrift_RB on_IN a_AT sea_NN F23 19 burnished_VBN red_JJ with_IN the_ATI blood_NN of_IN men_NNS whose_WP$R F23 19 voyaging_NN was_BEDZ over_RP ._. F23 21 ^ the_ATI day_NN was_BEDZ marked_VBN by_IN such_ABL courage_NN ._. ^ F23 21 at_IN Bergues_NP ,_, key_JJB strong-point_NN F23 22 of_IN the_ATI western_JJ perimeter_NN ,_, the_ATI loyal_JJ regiment_NN F23 22 had_HVD stood_VBN fast_JJ for_IN two_CD F23 23 days_NNS ,_, but_CC as_CS the_ATI line_NN contracted_VBD ,_, F23 23 artillery_NN pressure_NN on_IN the_ATI old_JJ walled_JJ F23 24 town_NN stepped_VBD up_RP ._. ^ to_TO man_VB the_ATI stout_JJ F23 24 seventeenth-century_JJB ramparts_NNS F23 25 \0Lieut.-Colonel_NPT John_NP Sandie_NP had_HVD only_RB 26_CD F23 25 officers_NNS and_CC 451_CD men_NNS ;_; for_CS F23 26 the_ATI rest_NN of_IN the_ATI garrison_NN were_BED stragglers_NNS F23 26 doing_VBG their_PP$ best_JJT ..._... a_AT F23 27 transport_NN company_NN of_IN ex-London_JJB bus-drivers_NNS who_WPR F23 27 'd_HVD indented_VBN for_IN a_AT F23 28 musketry_NN instructor_NN ..._... the_ATI \0Rev_NPT Alfred_NP Naylor_NP F23 28 ,_, deputy_NN Chaplain_NPT F23 29 general_JJ ,_, holding_VBG one_CD1 gate_NN of_IN the_ATI town_NN for_IN F23 29 three_CD days_NNS with_IN a_AT mixed_JJ bag_NN F23 30 of_IN chaplains_NNS ._. ^ barred_VBN from_IN active_JJ combat_NN by_IN F23 30 their_PP$ cloth_NN ,_, Naylor_NP and_CC F23 31 his_PP$ cadre_NN did_DOD sterling_JJ work_NN questioning_VBG suspect_JJ F23 31 fifth-columnists_NNS ._. F23 32 ^ and_CC the_ATI civilians_NNS weighed_VBD in_RP too_RB ._. ^ at_IN F23 32 Steene_NP ,_, west_NR of_IN the_ATI town_NN ,_, F23 33 General_NPT von_&FW Kleist's_NP$ tanks_NNS were_BED advancing_VBG F23 33 steadily_RB ,_, but_CC Mayor_NPT Jean_NP F23 34 Duriez_NP ,_, an_AT industrial_JJ alcohol_NN manufacturer_NN ,_, F23 34 turned_VBD the_ATI faucets_NNS of_IN his_PP$ F23 35 ten_CD vast_JJ stills_NNS to_TO send_VB two_CD million_CD gallons_NNS F23 35 of_IN raw_JJ spirit_NN gushing_NN F23 36 across_IN the_ATI already_RB flooded_JJ land_NN ._. ^ as_CS Duriez_NP F23 36 watched_VBD a_AT chance_JJB artillery_NN F23 37 shell_NN ,_, exploding_VBG like_IN a_AT thunderclap_NN ,_, F23 37 transformed_VBD the_ATI waters_NNS to_IN a_AT F23 38 raging_JJ sea_NN of_IN flame_NN *-_*- *'_*' like_IN a_AT gigantic_JJ F23 38 planter's_NN$ punch_NN ._. **'_**' ^ in_IN F23 39 fascinated_JJ dread_NN Duriez_NP saw_VBD two_CD of_IN von_&FW F23 39 Kleist's_NP$ tanks_NNS trapped_VBN by_IN the_ATI F23 40 torrent_NN ,_, glowing_VBG white-hot_JJ as_CS the_ATI holocaust_NN F23 40 engulfed_VBD them_PP3OS ._. ^ the_ATI F23 41 advance_NN from_IN the_ATI west_NR was_BEDZ stalled_VBN ._. F23 42 ^ but_CC by_IN Saturday_NR midday_NN the_ATI Loyals_NPS could_MD F23 42 no_RB longer_RBR hold_VB Bergues_NP F23 43 itself_PPL ._. ^ already_RB the_ATI troops_NNS dug_VBN in_RP on_IN F23 43 the_ATI ancient_JJ ramparts_NNS sweltered_VBD F23 44 from_IN the_ATI heat_NN of_IN burning_VBG buildings_NNS *-_*- the_ATI F23 44 smoke_NN so_QL dense_JJ even_RB dispatch_NN F23 45 riders_NNS groped_VBD through_IN the_ATI town_NN on_IN foot_NN ,_, F23 45 mouths_NNS and_CC noses_NNS bound_VBN with_IN F23 46 damp_JJ cloths_NNS ._. ^ by_IN noon_NN the_ATI exposed_JJ canal_NN F23 46 bank_NN beyond_IN the_ATI northern_JJ F23 47 ramparts_NNS had_HVD become_VBN the_ATI Loyals'_NPS$ last_AP F23 47 stockade_NN *-_*- with_IN men_NNS toppling_VBG like_IN F23 48 ten-pins_NNS under_IN devastating_JJ artillery_NN fire_NN ._. ^ now_RN F23 48 in_IN Captain_NPT Henry_NP F23 49 Joynson's_NP$ company_NN the_ATI troops_NNS were_BED so_QL tired_JJ F23 49 the_ATI officers_NNS had_HVD to_TO haul_VB F23 50 them_PP3OS across_IN the_ATI road_NN like_IN sacks_NNS of_IN coal_NN F23 50 ._. F23 51 ^ then_RN by_IN a_AT miracle_NN the_ATI wind_NN changed_VBD *-_*- F23 51 impelling_VBG a_AT black_JJ choking_JJ F23 52 banner_NN of_IN smoke_NN from_IN the_ATI burning_JJ town_NN into_IN F23 52 the_ATI heart_NN of_IN the_ATI German_JNP F23 53 lines_NNS ._. ^ even_RB von_&FW Kleist's_NP$ tanks_NNS could_MD no_RB F23 53 longer_RBR advance_VB :_: the_ATI few_AP that_WPR F23 54 did_DOD try_VB ,_, foxed_VBN by_IN the_ATI smoke_NN ,_, tilted_VBD F23 54 disastrously_RB into_IN the_ATI canal_NN ._. ^ the_ATI F23 55 infantry_NN advance_NN held_VBD off_RP *-_*- though_CS not_XNOT F23 55 until_IN 9_CD \0p.m_RB could_MD the_ATI F23 56 Loyals_NPS withdraw_VB ,_, doubling_VBG between_IN waves_NNS of_IN F23 56 mortar_NN fire_NN towards_IN F23 57 Dunkirk_NP ._. ^ many_AP ,_, by_IN order_NN of_IN Major-General_NPT F23 57 Harry_NP Curtis_NP ,_, had_HVD left_VBN their_PP$ F23 58 rifles_NNS propped_VBN in_IN position_NN ._. ^ bound_VBN with_IN a_AT F23 58 contraption_NN of_IN string_NN ,_, F23 59 weights_NNS and_CC slow-burning_JJ candles_NNS ,_, they_PP3AS would_MD F23 59 keep_VB firing_VBG at_IN intervals_NNS ,_, F23 60 creating_VBG the_ATI illusion_NN of_IN a_AT tough_JJ task_NN force_NN F23 60 still_RB on_IN the_ATI alert_NN ._. F23 61 ^ three_CD miles_NNS to_IN the_ATI east_NR the_ATI east_NR F23 61 Lancashire_NP regiment_NN had_HVD it_PP3 as_QL F23 62 bad_JJ ;_; with_IN all_ABN ammunition_NN spent_VBN ,_, their_PP$ 1st_OD F23 62 battalion_NN fell_VBD back_RP towards_IN F23 63 Dunkirk_NP ,_, only_RB a_AT forty-strong_JJB force_NN under_IN F23 63 Captain_NPT Harold_NP F23 64 Ervine-Andrews_NP ,_, to_TO cover_VB the_ATI thousand-yard_JJB front_NN F23 64 as_CS they_PP3AS withdrew_VBD ._. ^ a_AT F23 65 thick-set_JJ ,_, heavily-built_JJB Irishman_NNP ,_, Andrews_NP was_BEDZ F23 65 venerated_VBN by_IN his_PP$ men_NNS F23 66 for_IN his_PP$ genially_RB informal_JJ manner_NN ,_, though_CS F23 66 senior_JJ officers_NNS were_BED less_QL F23 67 sure_JJ of_IN him_PP3O ._. ^ on_IN pre-war_JJB service_NN in_IN F23 67 India_NP and_CC China_NP his_PP$ feats_NNS had_HVD F23 68 become_VBN an_AT eccentric_JJ legend_NN *-_*- walking_VBG fifty-six_CD F23 68 miles_NNS for_IN a_AT *+5_NNU bet_NN ,_, F23 69 shooting_VBG a_AT black_JJ buck_NN in_IN the_ATI jungle_NN ,_, then_RN F23 69 carrying_VBG it_PP3 home_NR draped_VBN F23 70 round_IN his_PP$ shoulders_NNS ._. F23 71 ^ all_ABN that_DT night_NN Andrews_NP and_CC his_PP$ men_NNS F23 71 crouched_VBD under_IN annihilating_JJ F23 72 shellfire_NN until_CS it_PP3 seemed_VBD the_ATI end_NN was_BEDZ near_RI F23 72 ._. ^ already_RB they_PP3AS had_HVD been_BEN F23 73 blasted_VBN from_IN their_PP$ farmhouse_NN quarters_NNS ;_; now_RN F23 73 the_ATI Dutch_JNP barn_NN to_IN which_WDTR F23 74 they_PP3AS 'd_HVD retreated_VBN was_BEDZ in_IN flames_NNS ,_, too_RB F23 74 ._. ^ as_CS they_PP3AS doubled_VBD behind_IN a_AT hedge_NN ,_, F23 75 sparks_NNS and_CC blazing_JJ straw_NN eddying_VBG ,_, they_PP3AS F23 75 sighted_VBD the_ATI German_JNP infantry_NN F23 76 moving_VBG in_IN a_AT spaced_JJ dangerous_JJ line_NN through_IN F23 76 growing_JJ dusk_NN ._. F23 77 ^ Andrews_NP exhorted_VBD his_PP$ men_NNS :_: ^ *'_*' look_VB ,_, F23 77 there_EX are_BER 500_CD of_IN them_PP3OS ,_, maybe_RB F23 78 thirty-six_CD of_IN us_PP1OS *-_*- let_VB them_PP3OS get_VB a_AT bit_NN F23 78 closer_RBR and_CC then_RN here_RN goes_VBZ ._. **'_**' F23 79 ^ his_PP$ whistle_NN shrilling_VBG ,_, Andrews_NP leapt_VBD forward_RB F23 79 ,_, weaving_VBG towards_IN the_ATI F23 80 advancing_JJ hordes_NNS like_IN a_AT footballer_NN moving_VBG in_RP F23 80 to_TO tackle_VB ._. ^ as_CS the_ATI F23 81 howling_JJ mob_NN of_IN east_NR \0Lancs_NP followed_VBD at_IN his_PP$ F23 81 heels_NNS the_ATI Germans_NNPS fell_VBD F23 82 back_RP ,_, seeking_VBG cover_NN ._. F23 83 ^ scrambling_VBG to_IN the_ATI roof_NN of_IN a_AT barn_NN with_IN F23 83 a_AT rifle_NN ,_, Andrews_NP picked_VBD off_RP F23 84 no_ATI less_AP than_IN seventeen_CD Germans_NNPS *-_*- then_RN F23 84 seizing_VBG a_AT bren-gun_NN ,_, he_PP3A lunged_VBD F23 85 forward_RB again_RB ._. ^ Private_NPT John_NP Taylor_NP ,_, in_IN F23 85 the_ATI thick_NN of_IN it_PP3 ,_, recalls_VBZ :_: F23 86 ^ *'_*' it_PP3 was_BEDZ a_AT right_JJ do_NN *-_*- when_WRB the_ATI F23 86 ammo_NN ran_VBD low_RB we_PP1AS kicked_VBD ,_, choked_VBD ,_, even_RB F23 87 bit_VBD them_PP3OS ._. **'_**' ^ after_IN fifteen_CD blood-stained_JJ F23 87 minutes_NNS the_ATI Germans_NNPS fell_VBD F23 88 back_RP in_IN confusion_NN ._. ^ the_ATI line_NN was_BEDZ held_VBN F23 88 *-_*- but_CC Andrews_NP after_IN sending_VBG his_PP$ F23 89 wounded_JJ to_IN the_ATI rear_NN ,_, was_BEDZ down_RP to_IN eight_CD F23 89 men_NNS now_RN ._. F23 90 ^ resolutely_RB ,_, at_IN the_ATI head_NN of_IN his_PP$ little_JJ F23 90 band_NN ,_, he_PP3A struck_VBD F23 91 across-country_RB splashing_VBG for_IN a_AT quarter_NN of_IN a_AT F23 91 mile_NN through_IN the_ATI flooded_JJ F23 92 fields_NNS towards_IN Dunkirk_NP ._. ^ he_PP3A was_BEDZ to_TO win_VB F23 92 the_ATI first_OD Victoria_NP cross_NN F23 93 awarded_VBN to_IN any_DTI officer_NN in_IN world_NN war_NN two_CD ._. F23 95 ^ on_IN the_ATI beaches_NNS ,_, the_ATI savage_JJ fury_NN of_IN F23 95 the_ATI attack_NN had_HVD one_CD1 result_NN ._. ^ by_IN F23 96 1_CD1 \0p.m_RB *-_*- six_CD hours_NNS after_CS the_ATI raid_NN F23 96 began_VBD *-_*- every_AT man_NN and_CC woman_NN F23 97 still_RB left_VBN had_HVD one_CD1 resolve_NN :_: the_ATI only_AP F23 97 thing_NN that_WPR mattered_VBD now_RN was_BEDZ the_ATI F23 98 lives_NNS of_IN others_APS ._. F23 99 ^ jog-trotting_VBG along_IN the_ATI eastern_JJ mole_NN ,_, F23 99 Colonel_NPT Sidney_NP Harrison's_NP$ F23 100 6th_OD Lincolns_NPS had_HVD their_PP$ own_AP wounded_JJ slung_VBN F23 100 like_IN sacks_NNS over_IN their_PP$ F23 101 shoulders_NNS *-_*- but_CC they_PP3AS stumbled_VBD on_RP ,_, F23 101 negotiating_VBG yawning_JJ four-foot_JJB gaps_NNS F23 102 somehow_RB ,_, loading_VBG them_PP3OS on_RP to_IN ship_NN after_IN F23 102 ship_NN ._. ^ in_IN the_ATI shadow_NN of_IN the_ATI F23 103 mole_NN ,_, Gunner_NPT Albert_NP Collins_NP saw_VBD an_AT officer_NN F23 103 bent_VBN on_IN a_AT task_NN to_TO tax_VB F23 104 Samson_NP :_: a_AT rope_NN bound_VBN like_IN a_AT yoke_NN round_IN F23 104 his_PP$ forehead_NN ,_, he_PP3A swam_VBD valiantly_RB F23 105 for_IN a_AT Dutch_JNP schuit_&FW ,_, towing_VBG a_AT Carley_NP float_NN F23 105 with_IN six_CD men_NNS aboard_RP ._. F23 106 ^ Lance-Bombardier_NPT George_NP Brockerton_NP took_VBD risks_NNS F23 106 as_QL great_JJ as_IN any_DTI F23 107 he_PP3A 'd_HVD taken_VBN as_IN a_AT wall_NN of_IN death_NN trick_NN F23 107 cyclist_NN :_: finding_VBG eighty-one_CD men_NNS F23 108 trapped_VBN in_IN a_AT bombed_JJ cellar_NN he_PP3A worked_VBD for_IN F23 108 two_CD hours_NNS to_TO free_VB them_PP3OS with_IN F23 109 hammer_NN and_CC chisel_NN ,_, using_VBG French_JNP hand-grenades_NNS F23 109 in_IN lieu_NN of_IN gelignite_NN ._. F23 110 ^ oblivious_JJ to_IN the_ATI crash_NN of_IN bombs_NNS ,_, he_PP3A F23 110 helped_VBD out_RP every_AT man_NN ,_, then_RN ,_, to_TO F23 111 keep_VB their_PP$ peckers_NNS up_RP ,_, did_DOD some_DTI conjuring_NN F23 111 tricks_NNS ._. F23 112 ^ Private_NPT Walter_NP Allington_NP of_IN the_ATI Lincolns_NPS F23 112 was_BEDZ in_IN his_PP$ element_NN too_RB ._. F23 113 ^ already_RB he_PP3A 'd_HVD spent_VBN one_CD1 whole_JJ night_NN F23 113 trying_VBG to_TO help_VB a_AT man_NN crazed_VBN by_IN a_AT F23 114 head_NN wound_NN ..._... then_RN ,_, taking_VBG a_AT vest_NN and_CC F23 114 shirt_NN ,_, he_PP3A 'd_HVD plugged_VBN a_AT terrible_JJ F23 115 hole_NN in_IN another_DT man's_NN$ shoulder_NN ._. ^ now_RN ,_, F23 115 despite_IN the_ATI writhing_JJ pains_NNS in_IN F23 116 his_PP$ abdomen_NN ,_, he_PP3A saw_VBD a_AT bullet_NN aimed_VBN at_IN F23 116 the_ATI diving_JJ Stukas_NPS had_HVD gone_VBN too_QL F23 117 low_RB ._. ^ a_AT long_JJ way_NN off_RP ,_, a_AT man_NN had_HVD F23 117 fallen_VBN ,_, the_ATI bullet_NN lodging_NN in_IN the_ATI F23 118 small_NN of_IN his_PP$ back_NN ._. F23 119 ^ somehow_RB ,_, though_CS other_AP men_NNS were_BED nearer_RBR ,_, F23 119 Allington_NP was_BEDZ again_RB first_OD F23 120 to_TO help_VB *-_*- but_CC the_ATI big_JJ gentle_JJ man_NN had_HVD F23 120 used_VBN his_PP$ only_AP field-dressing_NN on_IN F23 121 that_DT Belgian_JNP cripple_NN ._. ^ working_VBG doggedly_RB on_IN F23 121 his_PP$ own_AP ,_, he_PP3A found_VBD an_AT F23 122 abandoned_JJ ambulance_NN ,_, checked_VBD it_PP3 was_BEDZ in_IN F23 122 running_JJ order_NN ,_, and_CC loaded_VBD the_ATI F23 123 man_NN aboard_RP ._. ^ then_RN ,_, despite_IN the_ATI swooping_JJ F23 123 Stukas_NPS ,_, he_PP3A drove_VBD until_CS the_ATI F23 124 Channel_NPL water_NN was_BEDZ lapping_VBG over_IN the_ATI bonnet_NN ._. F23 124 ^ standing_VBG on_IN the_ATI roof_NN of_IN F23 125 the_ATI truck_NN ,_, he_PP3A flagged_VBD a_AT destroyer's_NN$ whaler_NN F23 125 to_TO ferry_VB the_ATI man_NN away_RP ._. F23 126 ^ everywhere_RB men_NNS plumbed_VBD unsuspected_JJ depths_NNS in_IN F23 126 themselves_PPLS ._. F23 127 ^ Brigadier_NPT Evelyn_NP Barker_NP was_BEDZ at_IN the_ATI water's_NN$ F23 127 edge_NN when_WRB a_AT shell_NN dropped_VBD F23 128 close_RB ,_, shattering_VBG a_AT soldier's_NN$ arm_NN so_CS that_CS" F23 128 it_PP3 hung_VBN by_IN a_AT thread_NN ._. F23 129 ^ without_IN more_AP ado_NN Barker_NP borrowed_VBD a_AT knife_NN F23 129 from_IN his_PP$ brigade_NN Major_NPT and_CC F23 130 honed_VBD it_PP3 on_IN a_AT carborundum_NN stone_NN as_QL coolly_RB F23 130 as_IN a_AT butcher_NN ._. ^ lacking_VBG F23 131 narcotics_NNS ,_, he_PP3A first_RB gave_VBD the_ATI man_NN a_AT nip_NN F23 131 of_IN cherry_NN brandy_NN before_IN taking_VBG F23 132 his_PP$ arm_NN off_RP at_IN the_ATI shoulder_NN ._. F23 133 ^ then_RN improving_VBG a_AT tourniquet_NN with_IN handkerchief_NN F23 133 and_CC pencil_NN ,_, Barker_NP F23 134 and_CC his_PP$ aide_NN carried_VBD their_PP$ patient_NN along_IN F23 134 the_ATI beach_NN on_IN a_AT mackintosh_NN to_TO F23 135 place_VB him_PP3O in_IN a_AT doctor's_NN$ charge_NN ._. F23 136 ^ able_JJ seaman_NN Samuel_NP Palmer_NP ,_, with_IN twenty_CD F23 136 years'_NNS$ naval_JJ service_NN ,_, F23 137 did_DOD n't_XNOT know_VB a_AT crankshaft_NN from_IN a_AT camshaft_NN F23 137 but_CC he_PP3A took_VBD the_ATI motor_NN yacht_NN F23 138 Naiad_NP Errant_NP over_RP with_IN a_AT crew_NN of_IN three_CD *-_*- F23 138 then_RN after_IN losing_VBG them_PP3OS F23 139 took_VBD her_PP3O back_RP with_IN nine_CD thankful_JJ Tommies_NPS ,_, F23 139 helping_VBG out_RP the_ATI one_CD1 engine_NN F23 140 still_RB operative_JJ with_IN paddles_NNS fashioned_VBN from_IN F23 140 shattered_JJ doors_NNS ._. ^ Stoker_NPT F23 141 David_NP Banks_NP from_IN Sheerness_NP did_DOD even_RB better_RBR F23 141 ..._... making_VBG seven_CD trips_NNS as_IN F23 142 skipper_NN of_IN the_ATI motor-boat_NN Pauleter_NP ..._... doing_VBG F23 142 his_PP$ trick_NN at_IN the_ATI F23 143 wheel_NN ..._... manning_VBG the_ATI bren-gun_NN when_WRB the_ATI F23 143 Stukas_NPS dived_VBD ..._... rescuing_VBG 400_CD F23 144 single-handed_RB ._. ^ off_IN the_ATI same_AP beaches_NNS Commander_NPT F23 144 Charles_NP Lightoller_NP ,_, F23 145 former_AP second_OD officer_NN of_IN the_ATI Titanic_NP ,_, was_BEDZ F23 145 packing_VBG them_PP3OS in_RP aboard_IN F23 146 his_PP$ yacht_NN Sundowner_NP :_: his_PP$ biggest_JJT kick_NN was_BEDZ F23 146 the_ATI stupefaction_NN of_IN F23 147 Ramsgate's_NP$ naval_JJ authorities_NNS when_WRB they_PP3AS found_VBD F23 147 his_PP$ 60-footer_NN had_HVD brought_VBN F23 148 back_RP 130_CD men_NNS ._. F23 149 ^ the_ATI tiros_NNS were_BED well_RB to_IN the_ATI fore_NN ._. ^ F23 149 Captain_NPT *'_*' Paddy_NP **'_**' Atley_NP of_IN the_ATI F23 150 east_NR \0Yorks_NP found_VBD the_ATI barge_NN Ena_NP grounded_VBN F23 150 where_WRB Lemon_NP Webb's_NP$ F23 151 flotilla_NN had_HVD lain_VBN ,_, took_VBD her_PP3O back_RP with_IN F23 151 forty_CD men_NNS ,_, on_IN the_ATI strength_NN of_IN F23 152 five_CD sailing_NN holidays_NNS in_IN Norfolk_NP ._. ^ it_PP3 took_VBD F23 152 fourteen_CD hours_NNS ,_, including_IN a_AT F23 153 surprise_NN return_NN to_IN Dunkirk_NP ,_, but_CC they_PP3AS made_VBD F23 153 it_PP3 finally_RB ._. ^ Captain_NPT David_NP F23 154 Strangeways_NP of_IN the_ATI Duke_NPT of_IN Wellington's_NP$ F23 154 regiment_NN hit_VBD on_IN another_DT barge_NN ,_, F23 155 appropriately_RB named_VBN the_ATI iron_NN Duke_NPT ._. ^ naked_JJ F23 155 save_IN for_IN" the_ATI skipper's_NN$ F23 156 doormat_NN ,_, which_WDTR he_PP3A wore_VBD like_IN a_AT sarong_NN ,_, F23 156 Strangeways_NP brought_VBD back_RP F23 157 twenty-six_CD men_NNS ,_, navigating_VBG with_IN compass_NN and_CC F23 157 school_NN atlas_NN ._. F23 158 ^ to_IN the_ATI doctors_NNS ,_, life-saving_NN was_BEDZ a_AT F23 158 dedication_NN ,_, but_CC it_PP3 was_BEDZ an_AT F23 159 uphill_JJB fight_NN now_RN ._. ^ in_IN Private_NPT William_NP F23 159 Horne's_NP$ ambulance_NN unit_NN the_ATI only_AP F23 160 medication_NN to_TO deal_VB with_IN searing_JJ phosphorous_JJ burns_NNS F23 160 was_BEDZ a_AT bottle_NN of_IN F23 161 acriflavine_NN tablets_NNS diluted_VBN in_IN water_NN ._. ^ at_IN F23 161 Rosendael_NP ,_, the_ATI dressings_NNS F23 162 were_BED all_RB but_RB" exhausted_VBN ;_; Major_NPT Philip_NP Newman_NP F23 162 ,_, the_ATI surgeon_NN ,_, did_DOD one_CD1 last_AP F23 163 amputation_NN by_IN torchlight_NN ,_, then_RN gave_VBD up_RP ._. ^ F23 163 the_ATI ambulance_NN unit_NN at_IN La_NP F23 164 Panne_NP had_HVD packed_VBN up_RP ,_, too_RB ,_, after_IN a_AT F23 164 record_NN 2,000_CD operations_NNS in_IN one_CD1 week_NN ,_, F23 165 but_CC many_AP doctors_NNS carried_VBD on_RP as_CS and_CC how_WRB F23 165 they_PP3AS could_MD ._. F23 166 ^ where_WRB equipment_NN was_BEDZ lacking_JJ ,_, they_PP3AS F23 166 improvised_VBD ._. ^ Captain_NPT William_NP F23 167 MacDonald_NP ,_, in_IN a_AT dugout_NN in_IN the_ATI dunes_NNS ,_, F23 167 sterilised_VBD wounds_NNS with_IN abandoned_JJ F23 168 petrol_NN ._. ^ Captain_NPT Joseph_NP Reynolds_NP ,_, lacking_VBG F23 168 the_ATI Thomas_NP splints_NNS used_VBN for_IN F23 169 compound_JJ fractures_NNS ,_, secured_VBD fractured_JJ femurs_NNS F23 169 with_IN rifles_NNS ._. ^ and_CC scores_NNS F23 170 cut_VBN off_RP from_IN their_PP$ units_NNS or_CC families_NNS lent_VBD F23 170 a_AT ready_JJ hand_NN ..._... slicing_VBG up_RP F23 171 battledress_NN trousers_NNS to_TO make_VB bandages_NNS ..._... F23 171 ransacking_VBG abandoned_JJ homes_NRS F23 172 for_IN sheets_NNS ..._... pretty_JJ Solange_NP Bisiaux_NP ,_, a_AT F23 172 French_JNP doctor's_NN$ wife_NN ,_, F23 173 wringing_VBG out_RP blood-stained_JJ bandages_NNS in_IN salt_JJ F23 173 water_NN ..._... other_AP men_NNS F23 174 working_VBG eight_CD to_IN a_AT relay_NN to_TO carry_VB stretchers_NNS F23 174 on_IN board_IN" the_ATI ships_NNS ._. F23 175 ^ round_IN every_AT ambulance_NN and_CC aid-post_NN Sapper_NPT F23 175 George_NP Brooks_NP noted_VBD the_ATI F23 176 same_AP hushed_JJ aura_NN :_: the_ATI *'_*' undercurrent_NN of_IN F23 176 grief_NN that_WPR moves_VBZ like_IN a_AT wind_NN F23 177 when_WRB a_AT coffin_NN is_BEZ carried_VBN from_IN a_AT house_NN ._. F23 177 **'_**' F23 178 ^ injuries_NNS or_CC no_ATI ,_, some_DTI men_NNS were_BED F23 178 determined_JJ to_TO make_VB the_ATI journey_NN F23 179 home_NR ._. ^ Lieutenant_NPT \0J_NP \0P_NP Walsh_NP of_IN the_ATI F23 179 Loyals_NPS ,_, knocked_VBN down_RP by_IN a_AT F23 180 lorry_NN near_IN Bergues_NP ,_, still_RB plodded_VBD the_ATI five_CD F23 180 miles_NNS to_IN Dunkirk_NP :_: later_RBR the_ATI F23 181 surgeons_NNS found_VBD his_PP$ pelvis_NN was_BEDZ fractured_VBN ._. ^ F23 181 Captain_NPT John_NP Whitty_NP of_IN the_ATI F23 182 royal_JJ west_NR Kents_NPS ,_, wounded_VBN in_IN the_ATI stomach_NN ,_, F23 182 slogged_VBD some_DTI of_IN the_ATI fifty_CD F23 183 miles_NNS from_IN Fle*?5tre_NP ,_, where_WRB his_PP$ battalion_NN F23 183 was_BEDZ trapped_VBN ,_, then_RN ,_, at_IN last_AP F23 184 gasp_NN ,_, hailed_VBD a_AT passing_JJ motor-cyclist_NN and_CC rode_VBD F23 184 pillion_NN to_IN the_ATI beaches_NNS ._. F23 185 ^ bundled_VBN into_IN an_AT ambulance_NN and_CC driven_VBN to_IN F23 185 the_ATI mole_NN ,_, Whitty_NP found_VBD the_ATI F23 186 wait_NN tedious_JJ ;_; he_PP3A climbed_VBD out_RP ,_, exhorting_VBG F23 186 other_AP wounded_JJ to_TO follow_VB him_PP3O ,_, F23 187 and_CC got_VBD them_PP3OS all_ABN passages_NNS on_IN a_AT home-bound_JJ F23 187 boat_NN ._. F23 188 ^ there_EX was_BEDZ the_ATI same_AP spirit_NN on_IN the_ATI F23 188 ships_NNS ._. ^ aboard_IN the_ATI trawler_NN F23 189 Brock_NP ,_, a_AT Surgeon-Lieutenant_NPT coped_VBD with_IN grievous_JJ F23 189 burn_NN cases_NNS and_CC a_AT F23 190 shortage_NN of_IN tannic_JJ acid_NN by_IN filling_VBG a_AT zinc_NN F23 190 bath_NN with_IN tea_NN and_CC immersing_VBG F23 191 his_PP$ patients_NNS up_RP to_IN their_PP$ necks_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI F23 191 destroyer_NN Whitehall's_NP$ doctor_NN ,_, F23 192 Surgeon-Lieutenant_NPT David_NP Brown_NP ,_, went_VBD so_QL swiftly_RB F23 192 to_TO aid_VB the_ATI wounded_JJ F23 193 aboard_IN the_ATI minesweeper_NN Jackeve_NP that_CS he_PP3A left_VBD F23 193 his_PP$ instruments_NNS F23 194 behind_RP ._. ^ nothing_PN loth_JJ ,_, he_PP3A amputated_VBD with_IN F23 194 the_ATI engine-room's_NN$ hacksaw_NN ,_, F23 195 sterilised_VBN with_IN blazing_JJ chloroform_NN ,_, the_ATI F23 195 ex-trawler's_NN$ fish_NN hatch_NN F23 196 serving_VBG as_IN operating_NN table_NN ._. F24 2 ^ Consuelo_NP thought_VBD that_CS the_ATI one_CD1 from_IN Queen_NPT F24 2 Victoria_NP should_MD have_HV been_BEN F24 3 handed_VBN to_IN her_PP3O on_IN a_AT silver_NN platter_NN ._. ^ in_IN F24 3 due_JJ course_NN she_PP3A was_BEDZ lectured_VBN on_IN F24 4 the_ATI various_JJ families_NNS whose_WP$R pedigrees_NNS ,_, titles_NNS F24 4 and_CC positions_NNS she_PP3A would_MD F24 5 have_HV to_TO learn_VB by_IN heart_NN ._. F24 6 ^ they_PP3AS went_VBD for_IN a_AT trip_NN in_IN the_ATI F24 6 Mediterranean_NP ,_, the_ATI voyage_NN across_IN the_ATI F24 7 Atlantic_NP being_BEG made_VBN more_QL depressing_JJ for_IN her_PP3O F24 7 on_IN account_NN of_IN the_ATI Duke's_NPT$ F24 8 seasickness_NN and_CC consequent_JJ melancholy_NN ._. ^ they_PP3AS F24 8 saw_VBD the_ATI usual_JJ places_NNS in_IN F24 9 Spain_NP and_CC then_RN visited_VBD Monaco_NP ,_, where_WRB the_ATI F24 9 sight_NN of_IN fair_JJ women_NNS and_CC F24 10 well-groomed_JJ men_NNS pleased_VBD her_PP3O ._. ^ her_PP$ husband_NN F24 10 seemed_VBD to_TO know_VB many_AP of_IN F24 11 them_PP3OS ,_, but_CC replied_VBD evasively_RB when_WRB asked_VBN F24 11 who_WP they_PP3AS were_BED ._. ^ she_PP3A later_RBR F24 12 learnt_VBD that_CS the_ATI women_NNS were_BED of_IN *'_*' easy_JJ F24 12 virtue_NN **'_**' ,_, owing_IN to_IN" which_WDTR social_JJ F24 13 stigma_NN she_PP3A could_MD not_XNOT even_RB claim_VB acquaintance_NN F24 13 with_IN certain_JJ of_IN their_PP$ F24 14 male_JJ companions_NNS who_WPR had_HVD once_RB been_BEN her_PP$ F24 14 suitors_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI importance_NN of_IN the_ATI F24 15 family_NN into_IN which_WDTR she_PP3A had_HVD married_VBN was_BEDZ F24 15 impressed_VBN on_IN her_PP3O by_IN the_ATI Duke_NPT ,_, F24 16 who_WPR described_VBD her_PP3O as_IN *'_*' a_AT link_NN in_IN the_ATI F24 16 chain_NN **'_**' ,_, and_CC she_PP3A perceived_VBD that_CS F24 17 her_PP$ first_OD duty_NN was_BEDZ to_TO perpetuate_VB the_ATI house_NN F24 17 of_IN Marlborough_NP ._. ^ after_IN F24 18 seeing_VBG something_PN of_IN Italy_NP and_CC making_VBG an_AT F24 18 uncomfortable_JJ trip_NN up_IN the_ATI F24 19 Nile_NP ,_, they_PP3AS stayed_VBD at_IN the_ATI Hotel_NPL Bristol_NP F24 19 in_IN Paris_NP ,_, where_WRB her_PP$ husband_NN F24 20 behaved_VBD as_CS her_PP$ mother_NN had_HVD done_VBN and_CC chose_VBD F24 20 her_PP$ gowns_NNS ._. F24 21 ^ in_IN London_NP at_RB last_RB" she_PP3A was_BEDZ made_VBN F24 21 acquainted_VBN with_IN the_ATI Churchill_NP F24 22 clan_NN ,_, some_DTI of_IN whom_WPOR seemed_VBD to_TO believe_VB F24 22 that_CS all_ABN Americans_NNPS lived_VBD on_IN F24 23 plantations_NNS with_IN negro_NN slaves_NNS ,_, in_IN daily_JJ dread_NN F24 23 of_IN red_JJ Indians_NNPS with_IN F24 24 scalping_NN knives_NNS ._. ^ she_PP3A was_BEDZ introduced_VBN to_IN F24 24 an_AT intimidating_JJ old_JJ lady_NN ,_, her_PP$ F24 25 husband's_NN$ grandmother_NN ,_, the_ATI Dowager_NPT Duchess_NPT of_IN F24 25 Marlborough_NP ,_, who_WPR had_HVD F24 26 made_VBN Lady_NPT Randolph_NP Churchill's_NP$ life_NN so_QL F24 26 uncomfortable_JJ at_IN Blenheim_NP ,_, and_CC F24 27 who_WPR now_RN ,_, using_VBG an_AT ear-trumpet_NN ,_, embarrassed_VBD F24 27 Consuelo_NP with_IN an_AT order_NN and_CC F24 28 a_AT question_NN :_: ^ *'_*' your_PP$ first_OD duty_NN is_BEZ to_TO F24 28 have_HV a_AT child_NN ,_, and_CC it_PP3 must_MD be_BE a_AT F24 29 son_NN ,_, because_CS it_PP3 would_MD be_BE intolerable_JJ to_TO F24 29 have_HV that_DT little_JJ upstart_NN F24 30 Winston_NP become_VB Duke_NPT ._. ^ are_BER you_PP2 in_IN the_ATI F24 30 family_NN way_NN ?_? **'_**' ^ they_PP3AS proceeded_VBD to_IN F24 31 the_ATI family_NN stud_NN at_IN Blenheim_NP ,_, being_BEG received_VBN F24 31 by_IN the_ATI mayor_NN and_CC F24 32 corporation_NN of_IN Woodstock_NP ._. ^ having_HVG delivered_VBN F24 32 his_PP$ speech_NN of_IN welcome_NN ,_, the_ATI F24 33 mayor_NN said_VBD to_IN her_PP3O :_: ^ *'_*' your_PP$ grace_NN will_MD F24 33 no_ATI doubt_NN be_BE interested_JJ to_TO know_VB F24 34 that_CS Woodstock_NP had_HVD a_AT mayor_NN and_CC a_AT corporation_NN F24 34 before_CS America_NP was_BEDZ F24 35 discovered_VBN ._. **'_**' ^ meditating_VBG on_IN this_DT weighty_JJ F24 35 pronouncement_NN she_PP3A got_VBD into_IN F24 36 the_ATI carriage_NN ,_, which_WDTR was_BEDZ dragged_VBN by_IN the_ATI F24 36 townsmen_NNS to_IN the_ATI palace_NN amid_IN F24 37 tumultuous_JJ cheers_NNS and_CC beneath_IN triumphal_JJ arches_NNS ._. F24 38 ^ at_IN Blenheim_NP she_PP3A discovered_VBD that_CS she_PP3A F24 38 not_XNOT only_RB had_HVD to_TO learn_VB the_ATI F24 39 pedigrees_NNS of_IN the_ATI nobility_NN but_CC the_ATI social_JJ F24 39 grades_NNS of_IN the_ATI servants_NNS ._. ^ one_CD1 F24 40 day_NN she_PP3A rang_VBD the_ATI bell_NN and_CC asked_VBD the_ATI F24 40 butler_NN to_TO put_VB a_AT match_NN to_IN the_ATI fire_NN ._. F24 41 ^ *'_*' I_PP1A will_MD send_VB the_ATI footman_NN ,_, your_PP$ grace_NN F24 41 ._. **'_**' ^ *'_*' oh_UH ,_, do_DO n't_XNOT bother_VB !_! ^ I_PP1A F24 41 'll_MD F24 42 do_DO it_PP3 myself_PPL ._. **'_**' ^ the_ATI domestic_JJ hierarchy_NN F24 42 resembled_VBD a_AT modern_JJ trade_NN F24 43 union_NN ._. F24 44 ^ she_PP3A dreaded_VBD the_ATI ceremonious_JJ dinners_NNS with_IN F24 44 her_PP$ husband_NN ,_, who_WPR had_HVD a_AT F24 45 habit_NN of_IN filling_VBG his_PP$ plate_NN with_IN food_NN ,_, F24 45 pushing_VBG it_PP3 away_RP with_IN refined_JJ F24 46 gestures_NNS ,_, doing_VBG the_ATI same_AP to_IN the_ATI feeding_NN F24 46 and_CC drinking_NN utensils_NNS ,_, backing_VBG F24 47 his_PP$ chair_NN ,_, crossing_VBG his_PP$ legs_NNS ,_, twirling_VBG F24 47 a_AT ring_NN on_IN his_PP$ finger_NN ,_, and_CC F24 48 remaining_VBG for_IN perhaps_RB fifteen_CD minutes_NNS in_IN a_AT F24 48 state_NN of_IN abstraction_NN ;_; after_IN F24 49 which_WDTR he_PP3A would_MD come_VB to_IN life_NN ,_, eat_VB his_PP$ F24 49 food_NN with_IN much_AP deliberation_NN ,_, and_CC F24 50 complain_VB that_CS it_PP3 was_BEDZ cold_JJ ._. ^ when_WRB inured_VBN F24 50 to_IN this_DT process_NN ,_, she_PP3A filled_VBD in_RP F24 51 the_ATI time_NN by_IN knitting_VBG ._. ^ they_PP3AS seldom_RB spoke_VBD F24 51 ._. ^ she_PP3A thought_VBD him_PP3O arrogant_JJ ,_, F24 52 despising_VBG everything_PN not_XNOT British_JNP ,_, and_CC her_PP$ F24 52 pride_NN was_BEDZ hurt_VBN ._. ^ on_IN the_ATI F24 53 other_AP hand_NN ,_, *'_*' that_DT little_JJ upstart_NN Winston_NP F24 53 **'_**' was_BEDZ one_CD1 of_IN the_ATI few_AP F24 54 Churchills_NPS she_PP3A liked_VBD ._. ^ he_PP3A was_BEDZ lively_JJ ,_, F24 54 enthusiastic_JJ and_CC stimulating_JJ ,_, F24 55 the_ATI very_AP opposite_NN of_IN his_PP$ cousin_NN the_ATI Duke_NPT F24 55 ,_, but_CC of_RB course_RB" he_PP3A had_HVD the_ATI F24 56 advantage_NN of_IN being_BEG half-American_JNP ._. ^ she_PP3A did_DOD F24 56 her_PP$ best_JJT to_TO hit_VB it_PP3 off_RP with_IN F24 57 the_ATI rest_NN of_IN the_ATI family_NN ,_, though_CS the_ATI F24 57 Dowager_NPT Duchess_NPT was_BEDZ heard_VBN to_TO say_VB :_: F24 58 ^ *'_*' her_PP$ grace_NN does_DOZ not_XNOT realise_VB the_ATI F24 58 importance_NN of_IN her_PP$ position_NN ._. **'_**' ^ she_PP3A F24 59 had_HVD much_AP to_TO do_DO at_IN Blenheim_NP ,_, entertaining_VBG F24 59 social_JJ and_CC political_JJ F24 60 big-wigs_NNS ,_, visiting_VBG the_ATI poor_JJ ,_, writing_VBG F24 60 letters_NNS ,_, supervising_VBG the_ATI running_NN F24 61 of_IN the_ATI house_NN ._. ^ as_CS they_PP3AS had_HVD never_RB F24 61 found_VBN love_NN ,_, she_PP3A and_CC her_PP$ husband_NN had_HVD F24 62 none_PN to_TO lose_VB ;_; but_CC the_ATI strain_NN of_IN F24 62 maintaining_VBG the_ATI social_JJ and_CC physical_JJ F24 63 relationship_NN essential_JJ to_IN her_PP$ position_NN as_IN a_AT F24 63 breeding_JJ duchess_NN was_BEDZ never_RB F24 64 eased_VBN and_CC steadily_RB grew_VBD ._. ^ in_IN 1900_CD she_PP3A F24 64 was_BEDZ temporarily_RB released_VBN from_IN F24 65 the_ATI Duke_NPT ,_, who_WPR went_VBD to_IN South_NP Africa_NP as_IN F24 65 assistant_NN military_JJ Secretary_NPT to_IN F24 66 Lord_NPT Roberts_NP ;_; but_CC the_ATI following_JJ year_NN he_PP3A F24 66 became_VBD under-Secretary_NPT of_IN F24 67 state_NN for_IN the_ATI colonies_NNS ,_, and_CC she_PP3A had_HVD to_TO F24 67 learn_VB all_ABN about_IN the_ATI leading_JJ F24 68 colonials_NNS who_WPR were_BED entertained_VBN at_IN Blenheim_NP ._. F24 69 ^ sometimes_RB she_PP3A received_VBD unexpected_JJ compliments_NNS F24 69 ._. ^ having_HVG undergone_VBN F24 70 the_ATI ordeal_NN of_IN presentation_NN at_IN a_AT drawing-room_NN ,_, F24 70 whereat_WRB the_ATI Prince_NPT and_CC F24 71 Princess_NPT of_IN Wales_NP represented_VBD Queen_NPT Victoria_NP ,_, F24 71 her_PP$ mother-in-law_NN Lady_NPT F24 72 Blandford_NP ,_, the_ATI practical_JJ joker_NN ,_, said_VBD that_CS F24 72 no_PN one_PN" would_MD take_VB her_PP3O for_IN an_AT F24 73 American_NNP ._. ^ *'_*' what_WDT would_MD you_PP2 think_VB if_CS F24 73 I_PP1A said_VBD you_PP2 were_BED not_XNOT at_IN all_ABN like_IN F24 74 an_AT Englishwoman_NNP ?_? **'_**' asked_VBD Consuelo_NP ._. ^ *'_*' F24 74 oh_UH ,_, that_DT 's_BEZ quite_RB different_JJ !_! **'_**' F24 75 ^ *'_*' different_JJ to_IN you_PP2 ,_, but_CC not_XNOT to_IN me_PP1O F24 75 ._. **'_**' ^ occasionally_RB she_PP3A was_BEDZ reproved_VBN F24 76 for_IN behaviour_NN unbecoming_JJ to_IN a_AT duchess_NN ._. ^ at_IN F24 76 a_AT dinner_NN in_IN honour_NN of_IN the_ATI F24 77 Prince_NPT and_CC Princess_NPT of_IN Wales_NP she_PP3A wore_VBD a_AT F24 77 diamond_NN crescent_NN instead_RB of_IN F24 78 the_ATI usual_JJ tiara_NN ._. ^ the_ATI Prince_NPT stared_VBD at_IN F24 78 it_PP3 and_CC said_VBD :_: ^ *'_*' the_ATI Princess_NPT F24 79 has_HVZ taken_VBN the_ATI trouble_NN to_TO wear_VB a_AT tiara_NN ._. ^ F24 79 why_WRB have_HV you_PP2 not_XNOT done_VBN so_PN ?_? **'_**' F24 80 ^ she_PP3A found_VBD all_ABN these_DTS functions_NNS intolerably_RB F24 80 boring_JJ ,_, and_CC the_ATI racing_NN at_IN F24 81 Newmarket_NP equally_RB so_PN ._. ^ she_PP3A had_HVD to_TO accompany_VB F24 81 her_PP$ husband_NN to_IN F24 82 Leicestershire_NP for_IN the_ATI hunting_NN ,_, which_WDTR gave_VBD F24 82 her_PP3O no_ATI pleasure_NN ,_, and_CC she_PP3A F24 83 made_VBD the_ATI fatal_JJ error_NN of_IN letting_VBG her_PP$ mind_NN F24 83 wander_VB away_RP from_IN horses_NNS and_CC F24 84 hounds_NNS and_CC foxes_NNS into_IN the_ATI realm_NN of_IN good_JJ F24 84 deeds_NNS ._. ^ hearing_VBG ,_, during_IN one_CD1 F24 85 hunting_NN season_NN ,_, that_CS there_EX was_BEDZ much_AP F24 85 unemployment_NN and_CC hardship_NN at_IN F24 86 Woodstock_NP ,_, she_PP3A sent_VBD money_NN to_TO provide_VB work_NN F24 86 ._. ^ the_ATI obliged_JJ recipients_NNS F24 87 wrote_VBD a_AT letter_NN of_IN thanks_NNS to_IN her_PP$ husband_NN ,_, F24 87 then_RN exclusively_RB occupied_VBN F24 88 with_IN the_ATI solemn_JJ matter_NN of_IN fox-chasing_NN ._. ^ he_PP3A F24 88 was_BEDZ amazed_VBN to_TO hear_VB that_CS the_ATI F24 89 roads_NNS on_IN his_PP$ estate_NN had_HVD been_BEN repaired_VBN ,_, F24 89 displeased_JJ to_TO receive_VB F24 90 expressions_NNS of_IN gratitude_NN for_IN what_WDT he_PP3A had_HVD F24 90 not_XNOT done_VBN ,_, and_CC quickly_RB F24 91 informed_VBD his_PP$ wife_NN that_CS she_PP3A was_BEDZ not_XNOT F24 91 entitled_VBN to_TO act_VB in_IN that_DT manner_NN F24 92 without_IN his_PP$ approval_NN ._. F24 93 ^ however_RB he_PP3A was_BEDZ good_JJ enough_QLP to_TO approve_VB F24 93 the_ATI births_NNS of_IN her_PP$ two_CD sons_NNS ._. F24 94 ^ she_PP3A was_BEDZ unconscious_JJ for_IN a_AT week_NN after_IN the_ATI F24 94 birth_NN of_IN her_PP$ first_OD ,_, but_CC F24 95 recovered_VBD quickly_RB on_IN regaining_VBG consciousness_NN ._. ^ F24 95 following_IN the_ATI arrival_NN F24 96 of_IN the_ATI second_OD ,_, she_PP3A reflected_VBD that_CS she_PP3A F24 96 had_HVD done_VBN her_PP$ duty_NN to_IN the_ATI dukedom_NN F24 97 and_CC could_MD now_RN please_VB herself_PPL ._. ^ but_CC life's_NN$ F24 97 realities_NNS were_BED kept_VBN at_IN bay_NN F24 98 in_IN the_ATI splendour_NN of_IN Blenheim_NP ,_, and_CC she_PP3A F24 98 became_VBD more_RBR and_CC more_RBR bored_VBN by_IN F24 99 the_ATI necessity_NN of_IN walking_VBG *'_*' on_IN an_AT endlessly_RB F24 99 spread_JJ red_JJ carpet_NN **'_**' ._. F24 100 ^ moreover_RB the_ATI conversation_NN of_IN the_ATI nobility_NN F24 100 made_VBD little_AP appeal_NN to_IN her_PP3O ,_, F24 101 and_CC when_WRB she_PP3A met_VBD a_AT number_NN of_IN Austrian_JNP F24 101 aristocrats_NNS in_IN Vienna_NP she_PP3A F24 102 thought_VBD it_PP3 *'_*' a_AT pity_NN that_CS they_PP3AS could_MD F24 102 express_VB their_PP$ thoughts_NNS in_IN so_QL many_AP F24 103 different_JJ languages_NNS when_WRB they_PP3AS had_HVD so_QL few_AP F24 103 thoughts_NNS to_TO express_VB **'_**' ._. F24 104 ^ Queen_NPT Victoria_NP died_VBD in_IN January_NR 1901_CD ,_, and_CC F24 104 when_WRB Consuelo_NP spent_VBD some_DTI F24 105 weeks_NNS in_IN Paris_NP that_DT spring_NN in_IN the_ATI agreeable_JJ F24 105 company_NN of_IN her_PP$ father_NN she_PP3A F24 106 was_BEDZ depressed_JJ by_IN having_HVG to_TO wear_VB black_JJ F24 106 clothes_NNS ._. ^ all_ABN she_PP3A dared_VBD do_DO was_BEDZ F24 107 to_TO wear_VB white_JJ gloves_NNS ,_, thereby_RB earning_VBG a_AT F24 107 lecture_NN at_IN Longchamps_NP from_IN the_ATI F24 108 Duchess_NPT of_IN Devonshire_NP ,_, who_WPR had_HVD been_BEN a_AT F24 108 leader_NN of_IN the_ATI fast_JJ set_NN a_AT F24 109 generation_NN before_RI but_CC was_BEDZ now_RN a_AT raddled_JJ old_JJ F24 109 woman_NN in_IN a_AT brown_JJ wig_NN ,_, her_PP$ F24 110 wrinkles_NNS filled_VBN with_IN paint_NN ,_, her_PP$ mouth_NN a_AT F24 110 red_JJ slash_NN ._. ^ how_WRB ,_, she_PP3A asked_VBD ,_, F24 111 could_MD Consuelo_NP show_VB so_QL little_AP respect_NN to_IN the_ATI F24 111 memory_NN of_IN a_AT great_JJ Queen_NPT F24 112 as_CS to_TO exhibit_VB white_JJ gloves_NNS ?_? ^ as_CS the_ATI F24 112 shocked_JJ lady_NN was_BEDZ an_AT incorrigible_JJ F24 113 gossip_NN ,_, Consuelo's_NP$ impropriety_NN no_ATI doubt_NN F24 113 received_VBD much_AP publicity_NN ;_; in_IN F24 114 spite_IN" of_IN" which_WDTR she_PP3A was_BEDZ chosen_VBN to_TO act_VB F24 114 as_IN canopy-bearer_NN to_IN the_ATI new_JJ Queen_NPT F24 115 at_IN the_ATI coronation_NN of_IN Edward_NP 7_CD ,_, her_PP$ F24 115 fellow-bearers_NNS being_BEG the_ATI F24 116 Duchesses_NPTS of_IN Portland_NP ,_, Montrose_NP and_CC Sutherland_NP F24 116 ._. ^ when_WRB Alexandra_NP was_BEDZ F24 117 anointed_VBN by_IN the_ATI old_JJ Archbishop_NPT of_IN Canterbury_NP F24 117 they_PP3AS held_VBD the_ATI canopy_NN over_IN F24 118 her_PP3O ._. ^ the_ATI oil_NN was_BEDZ placed_VBN on_IN her_PP$ F24 118 forehead_NN by_IN his_PP$ shaky_JJ hand_NN and_CC a_AP F24 119 little_AP" trickled_VBD down_IN her_PP$ nose_NN ._. ^ she_PP3A did_DOD F24 119 not_XNOT move_VB a_AT muscle_NN but_CC her_PP$ eyes_NNS F24 120 expressed_VBN anguish_NN ._. F24 121 ^ after_IN eleven_CD years_NNS of_IN nervous_JJ stress_NN ,_, F24 121 either_DTX waiting_VBG for_IN the_ATI F24 122 Duke_NPT ,_, who_WPR was_BEDZ invariably_RB late_JJ for_IN lunch_NN ,_, F24 122 or_CC being_BEG with_IN him_PP3O ,_, which_WDTR was_BEDZ F24 123 worse_JJR ,_, Consuelo_NP pined_VBD for_IN relaxation_NN ,_, and_CC F24 123 they_PP3AS agreed_VBD to_TO separate_VB ,_, the_ATI F24 124 arrangement_NN giving_VBG them_PP3OS equal_JJ custody_NN of_IN the_ATI F24 124 children_NNS ._. ^ in_IN those_DTS days_NNS F24 125 divorce_NN was_BEDZ difficult_JJ and_CC still_RB scandalous_JJ ,_, F24 125 and_CC since_CS neither_DTX of_IN them_PP3OS F24 126 wished_VBD to_TO marry_VB again_RB a_AT legal_JJ separation_NN met_VBD F24 126 the_ATI case_NN ._. ^ it_PP3 was_BEDZ F24 127 estimated_VBN that_CS about_RB ten_CD million_CD of_IN the_ATI F24 127 Vanderbilt_NP dollars_NNS had_HVD been_BEN F24 128 spent_VBN on_IN Blenheim_NP and_CC their_PP$ London_NP house_NN ,_, F24 128 and_CC as_CS she_PP3A had_HVD produced_VBN his_PP$ F24 129 heirs_NNS the_ATI Duke_NPT had_HVD no_ATI cause_NN to_TO complain_VB F24 129 ._. ^ she_PP3A went_VBD to_TO live_VB at_IN F24 130 Sunderland_NP House_NPL ,_, built_VBN for_IN her_PP3O as_IN a_AT F24 130 present_NN from_IN her_PP$ father_NN ,_, and_CC here_RN F24 131 she_PP3A gave_VBD musical_JJ parties_NNS ._. ^ she_PP3A also_RB F24 131 became_VBD absorbed_VBN in_IN social_JJ work_NN ,_, F24 132 starting_VBG a_AT home_NR for_IN women_NNS whose_WP$R husbands_NNS F24 132 were_BED in_IN prison_NN and_CC a_AT F24 133 recreation_NN centre_NN for_IN working_JJ girls_NNS ._. ^ she_PP3A F24 133 sat_VBD on_IN a_AT national_JJ committee_NN F24 134 which_WDTR enquired_VBD into_IN the_ATI decline_NN of_IN the_ATI F24 134 birth-rate_NN ,_, and_CC obtained_VBD a_AT F24 135 donation_NN of_IN a_AT hundred_CD thousand_CD guineas_NNS for_IN F24 135 the_ATI removal_NN of_IN Bedford_NP F24 136 College_NPL ,_, of_IN which_WDTR she_PP3A was_BEDZ \0Hon_NPT F24 136 Treasurer_NPT ,_, from_IN Baker_NP Street_NPL to_IN F24 137 Regent's_NPT$ Park_NPL ._. ^ her_PP$ mother_NN ,_, who_WPR had_HVD F24 137 become_VBN \0Mrs_NPT Oliver_NP Belmont_NP since_IN F24 138 her_PP$ divorce_NN ,_, led_VBD the_ATI women's_NNS$ suffrage_NN F24 138 movement_NN in_IN the_ATI United_NP States_NP ,_, F24 139 and_CC when_WRB the_ATI 1914_CD war_NN broke_VBD out_RP Consuelo_NP F24 139 worked_VBD for_IN the_ATI American_JNP F24 140 women's_NNS$ war_NN relief_NN fund_NN ,_, collecting_VBG a_AT lot_NN F24 140 of_IN money_NN by_IN writing_NN and_CC F24 141 lecturing_NN ._. ^ to_TO enable_VB women_NNS to_TO be_BE F24 141 represented_VBN by_IN their_PP$ own_AP sex_NN on_IN F24 142 municipal_JJ councils_NNS ,_, she_PP3A founded_VBD a_AT women's_NNS$ F24 142 municipal_JJ party_NN ,_, and_CC when_WRB a_AT F24 143 vacancy_NN occurred_VBD on_IN the_ATI London_NP county_NN council_NN F24 143 she_PP3A sat_VBD for_IN North_NP F24 144 Southwark_NP ._. ^ at_IN the_ATI election_NN of_IN 1919_CD she_PP3A F24 144 stood_VBD as_IN a_AT progressive_NN for_IN F24 145 that_DT borough_NN and_CC topped_VBD the_ATI poll_NN ._. F24 146 ^ when_WRB the_ATI 1914-18_CD-CD war_NN came_VBD to_IN an_AT end_NN F24 146 the_ATI moral_JJ standards_NNS were_BED F24 147 loosened_VBN and_CC she_PP3A obtained_VBD a_AT divorce_NN from_IN F24 147 the_ATI Duke_NPT ._. ^ in_IN July_NR '21_CD she_PP3A F24 148 married_VBD Jacques_NP Balsan_NP at_IN the_ATI Chapel_NPL Royal_NPT ,_, F24 148 Savoy_NP ,_, where_WRB divorced_JJ F24 149 persons_NNS were_BED treated_VBN with_IN indulgence_NN ._. ^ he_PP3A F24 149 had_HVD been_BEN an_AT airman_NN in_IN the_ATI F24 150 war_NN ,_, and_CC a_AT balloonist_NN before_IN that_DT ,_, several_AP F24 150 times_NNS staying_VBG at_IN Blenheim_NP ._. F24 151 ^ his_PP$ nature_NN appealed_VBD wholly_RB to_IN hers_PP$$ ,_, and_CC F24 151 they_PP3AS were_BED very_QL happy_JJ F24 152 together_RB ._. ^ the_ATI Duke_NPT had_HVD now_RN become_VBN a_AT F24 152 Roman_JNP catholic_NN ,_, and_CC as_CS he_PP3A wished_VBD F24 153 to_TO marry_VB another_DT American_NNP ,_, Gladys_NP Deacon_NP ,_, F24 153 he_PP3A asked_VBD Consuelo_NP to_TO get_VB F24 154 their_PP$ own_AP marriage_NN annulled_VBN ._. ^ since_CS Jacques_NP F24 154 Balsan_NP was_BEDZ a_AT Roman_JNP F24 155 catholic_NN and_CC she_PP3A wished_VBD to_TO appease_VB his_PP$ F24 155 family_NN ,_, she_PP3A granted_VBD the_ATI Duke's_NPT$ F24 156 request_NN ._. ^ her_PP$ only_AP way_NN of_IN doing_VBG so_PN was_BEDZ F24 156 to_TO swear_VB that_CS she_PP3A had_HVD been_BEN F24 157 married_VBN to_IN him_PP3O against_IN her_PP$ will_NN ._. ^ she_PP3A F24 157 was_BEDZ now_RN on_IN friendly_JJ terms_NNS with_IN F24 158 her_PP$ mother_NN ,_, who_WPR consented_VBD to_TO make_VB the_ATI F24 158 declaration_NN ,_, testifying_VBG before_IN F24 159 an_AT English_JNP tribunal_NN of_IN catholic_JJ priests_NNS ,_, that_CS F24 159 *'_*' when_WRB I_PP1A issued_VBD an_AT order_NN F24 160 nobody_PN discussed_VBD it_PP3 ._. ^ I_PP1A therefore_RB did_DOD F24 160 not_XNOT beg_VB ,_, but_CC ordered_VBD her_PP3O to_TO F24 161 marry_VB the_ATI Duke_NPT **'_**' ._. ^ the_ATI annulment_NN being_BEG F24 161 granted_VBN ,_, Consuelo_NP married_VBD F24 162 Jacques_NP in_IN a_AT catholic_JJ church_NN ,_, and_CC was_BEDZ F24 162 affectionately_RB received_VBN by_IN his_PP$ F24 163 family_NN at_IN Cha*?5teauroux_NP ._. ^ they_PP3AS then_RN settled_VBD F24 163 down_RP in_IN Paris_NP ,_, and_CC soon_RB F24 164 she_PP3A was_BEDZ busy_JJ helping_VBG to_TO raise_VB money_NN for_IN F24 164 the_ATI construction_NN of_IN a_AT hospital_NN F24 165 for_IN the_ATI middle_JJB classes_NNS ,_, receiving_VBG the_ATI F24 165 legion_NN of_IN honour_NN in_IN 1931_CD ._. ^ three_CD F24 166 years_NNS later_RBR her_PP$ son_NN succeeded_VBD his_PP$ father_NN F24 166 as_IN tenth_OD Duke_NPT of_IN Marlborough_NP ._. F24 167 ^ Consuelo_NP and_CC Jacques_NP built_VBD a_AT house_NN on_IN F24 167 the_ATI Riviera_NP and_CC took_VBD a_AT F24 168 cha*?5teau_NN at_IN \0St_NPT Georges-Motel_NP ,_, where_WRB her_PP$ F24 168 philanthropic_JJ work_NN F24 169 continued_VBD ._. ^ like_IN so_QL many_AP others_APS ,_, they_PP3AS F24 169 had_HVD to_TO bolt_VB when_WRB the_ATI Germans_NNPS F24 170 entered_VBD France_NP in_IN 1940_CD ._. ^ with_IN difficulty_NN F24 170 they_PP3AS escaped_VBD to_IN Spain_NP ,_, and_CC F24 171 thence_RB to_IN Portugal_NP ,_, where_WRB they_PP3AS got_VBD a_AT F24 171 plane_NN across_IN the_ATI Atlantic_NP ._. ^ and_CC F24 172 so_RB her_PP$ story_NN ends_VBZ ._. F24 173 ^ 5_CD ._. F24 174 ^ wives_NNS of_IN a_AT Viceroy_NPT ._. F24 175 ^ Mary_NP Leiter_NP and_CC Lord_NPT Curzon_NP ._. F24 176 ^ Grace_NP Duggan_NP and_CC Lord_NPT Curzon_NP ._. F24 177 ^ other_AP things_NNS being_BEG equal_JJ ,_, which_WDTR they_PP3AS F24 177 never_RB are_BER ,_, it_PP3 is_BEZ curious_JJ F24 178 to_TO reflect_VB that_CS if_CS \0Mrs_NPT Vanderbilt_NP had_HVD F24 178 aimed_VBN a_RB little_RB" lower_RBR and_CC F24 179 married_VBN Consuelo_NP to_IN a_AT lesser_JJR title_NN but_CC more_QL F24 179 imposing_JJ figure_NN ,_, the_ATI story_NN F24 180 of_IN an_AT eminent_JJ English_JNP statesman_NN ,_, George_NP F24 180 Nathaniel_NP Curzon_NP ,_, would_MD have_HV F24 181 been_BEN vastly_RB different_JJ ._. ^ like_IN Marlborough_NP ,_, F24 181 Curzon_NP married_VBD for_IN money_NN ,_, F24 182 but_CC the_ATI union_NN ,_, unlike_IN Marlborough's_NP$ ,_, became_VBD F24 182 a_AT marriage_NN of_IN hearts_NNS ._. F24 183 ^ being_BEG an_AT intelligent_JJ man_NN ,_, Curzon_NP would_MD have_HV F24 183 been_BEN influenced_VBN by_IN F24 184 Consuelo_NP ,_, who_WPR might_MD have_HV fallen_VBN in_IN love_NN F24 184 with_IN him_PP3O but_CC would_MD never_RB have_HV F24 185 allowed_VBN her_PP$ critical_JJ sense_NN to_TO remain_VB dormant_JJ F24 185 on_IN that_DT account_NN ._. F25 2 ^ although_CS the_ATI offender_NN made_VBD amends_NNS by_IN F25 2 marrying_VBG the_ATI girl_NN ,_, he_PP3A never_RB F25 3 managed_VBD to_TO regain_VB the_ATI favour_NN of_IN his_PP$ General_NPT F25 3 ,_, who_WPR nominated_VBD a_AT wealthy_JJ F25 4 Cuban_JNP landowner_NN ,_, Porcallo_NP de_&FW Figueroa_NP ,_, in_IN F25 4 his_PP$ place_NN ._. ^ it_PP3 was_BEDZ an_AT F25 5 unfortunate_JJ appointment_NN ._. ^ Porcallo_NP de_&FW Figueroa's_NP$ F25 5 main_JJB interest_NN in_IN the_ATI F25 6 venture_NN was_BEDZ to_TO acquire_VB slaves_NNS for_IN his_PP$ F25 6 estates_NNS ,_, and_CC although_CS he_PP3A F25 7 enriched_VBD the_ATI expedition_NN with_IN ample_JJ supplies_NNS and_CC F25 7 equipment_NN ,_, he_PP3A F25 8 unashamedly_RB abandoned_VBD it_PP3 the_ATI moment_NN he_PP3A F25 8 realized_VBD how_WRB dearly_RB the_ATI savages_NNS F25 9 of_IN Florida_NP would_MD sell_VB their_PP$ freedom_NN ._. F25 10 ^ the_ATI rank_NN and_CC file_NN of_IN the_ATI expedition_NN F25 10 were_BED drawn_VBN from_IN many_AP parts_NNS of_IN F25 11 the_ATI Emperor's_NPT$ wide_JJ domains_NNS ,_, and_CC even_RB from_IN F25 11 lands_NNS beyond_RI ._. ^ a_AT F25 12 particularly_RB large_JJ and_CC well-armed_JJ contingent_NN came_VBD F25 12 from_IN Portugal_NP ,_, and_CC F25 13 it_PP3 is_BEZ to_IN one_CD1 of_IN these_DTS Portuguese_JNP F25 13 adventurers_NNS ,_, known_VBN as_IN the_ATI gentleman_NN F25 14 of_IN Elvas_NP ,_, that_CS we_PP1AS owe_VB the_ATI most_QL F25 14 circumstantial_JJ first-hand_JJB account_NN of_IN F25 15 the_ATI expedition_NN ._. ^ amongst_IN volunteers_NNS of_IN other_AP F25 15 nationality_NN we_PP1AS find_VB F25 16 mention_NN of_IN a_AT French_JNP priest_NN from_IN Paris_NP ,_, F25 16 Biscayan_JNP carpenters_NNS ,_, a_AT Genoa_NP F25 17 master-craftsman_NN who_WPR could_MD construct_VB anything_PN from_IN F25 17 a_AT bridge_NN to_IN a_AT F25 18 brigantine_NN ,_, a_AT Spaniard_NNP reared_VBN in_IN England_NP ,_, F25 18 and_CC even_RB an_AT unnamed_JJ F25 19 Englishman_NNP whose_WP$R skill_NN with_IN the_ATI long-bow_NN F25 19 matched_VBD that_DT of_IN the_ATI Indians_NNPS ._. F25 20 ^ in_IN addition_NN to_IN the_ATI fighting-men_NNS ,_, there_EX F25 20 were_BED a_AP few_AP" women_NNS ,_, numerous_JJ F25 21 native_JJ servants_NNS and_CC negro_NN slaves_NNS ,_, more_AP than_IN F25 21 two_CD hundred_CD horses_NNS ,_, and_CC a_AT F25 22 pack_NN of_IN ferocious_JJ mastiffs_NNS trained_VBN to_TO track_VB F25 22 down_RP ,_, guard_NN ,_, or_CC tear_VB F25 23 recalcitrant_JJ Indians_NNPS to_IN pieces_NNS ._. ^ a_AT herd_NN of_IN F25 23 swine_NNS *-_*- possibly_RB the_ATI F25 24 ancestors_NNS of_IN the_ATI razor-backs_NNS of_IN the_ATI south-west_NR F25 24 today_NR *-_*- were_BED taken_VBN F25 25 along_RP to_TO serve_VB as_IN a_AT reserve_NN of_IN pork_NN rations_NNS F25 25 ._. F25 26 ^ de_&FW Soto_NP opened_VBD operations_NNS by_IN sending_VBG F25 26 Captain_NPT Juan_NP de_&FW An*?4asco_NP F25 27 to_TO reconnoitre_VB the_ATI coast_NN of_IN Florida_NP for_IN a_AT F25 27 harbour_NN where_WRB the_ATI main_JJB F25 28 expedition_NN could_MD disembark_VB ._. ^ the_ATI Comptroller_NPT F25 28 returned_VBD without_IN F25 29 discovering_VBG anything_PN suitable_JJ ,_, and_CC de_&FW Soto_NP F25 29 was_BEDZ obliged_VBN to_TO make_VB his_PP$ F25 30 landfall_NN somewhere_RB in_IN the_ATI capacious_JJ ,_, many-armed_JJ F25 30 Bahi*?2a_NP del_&FW F25 31 Espi*?2ritu_NP Santo_NP ,_, now_RN known_VBN as_IN Tampa_NP Bay_NPL ,_, F25 31 which_WDTR had_HVD been_BEN the_ATI starting_NN F25 32 point_NN for_IN the_ATI ill-fated_JJ Narva*?2ez_NP expedition_NN F25 32 eleven_CD years_NNS before_RI ._. F25 33 ^ the_ATI Spaniards_NNPS were_BED in_IN jubilant_JJ mood_NN ._. ^ F25 33 Juan_NP de_&FW An*?4asco_NP had_HVD managed_VBN F25 34 to_TO kidnap_VB a_AT couple_NN of_IN savages_NNS from_IN whose_WP$R F25 34 outlandish_JJ speech_NN and_CC vague_JJ F25 35 signs_NNS they_PP3AS hopefully_RB deduced_VBD the_ATI proximity_NN F25 35 of_IN abundant_JJ gold_NN ._. ^ the_ATI F25 36 soldiers_NNS boasted_VBD that_CS their_PP$ General_NPT had_HVD once_RB F25 36 helped_VBN to_TO win_VB the_ATI hoarded_JJ F25 37 wealth_NN of_IN the_ATI Incas_NPS and_CC would_MD now_RN surely_RB F25 37 lead_VB them_PP3OS to_IN still_RB more_QL F25 38 fabulous_JJ treasure_NN ._. ^ they_PP3AS saw_VBD before_IN them_PP3OS F25 38 a_AT virgin_JJB land_NN ,_, lush_JJ and_CC F25 39 sweet-scented_JJ in_IN its_PP$ spring_NN freshness_NN ._. ^ the_ATI F25 39 first_OD to_TO land_VB returned_VBD F25 40 with_IN armfuls_NNS of_IN rich_JJ grass_NN for_IN the_ATI exhausted_JJ F25 40 horses_NNS and_CC clusters_NNS of_IN F25 41 wild_JJ grapes_NNS for_IN their_PP$ comrades_NNS ._. ^ Florida_NP F25 41 seemed_VBD a_AT promised_JJ land_NN F25 42 indeed_RB ._. F25 43 ^ it_PP3 was_BEDZ not_XNOT until_IN some_DTI days_NNS later_RBR F25 43 that_CS the_ATI first_OD Indians_NNPS were_BED F25 44 encountered_VBN ._. ^ amongst_IN them_PP3OS was_BEDZ a_AT man_NN ,_, F25 44 all_RB but_RB" indistinguishable_JJ from_IN F25 45 the_ATI natives_NNS ,_, whom_WPOR the_ATI Spaniards_NNPS almost_RB F25 45 rode_VBD down_RP ._. ^ luckily_RB for_IN himself_PPL F25 46 and_CC his_PP$ rescuers_NNS ,_, he_PP3A was_BEDZ spared_VBN just_RB F25 46 in_IN time_NN on_IN account_NN of_IN the_ATI few_AP F25 47 disjointed_JJ words_NNS of_IN Castillian_NNP which_WDTR he_PP3A F25 47 called_VBD out_RP ._. ^ it_PP3 was_BEDZ F25 48 Juan_NP Ortiz_NP ,_, the_ATI sailor_NN who_WPR had_HVD fallen_VBN F25 48 into_IN the_ATI hands_NNS of_IN the_ATI Indians_NNPS F25 49 eleven_CD years_NNS before_RI when_WRB serving_VBG with_IN the_ATI F25 49 Narva*?2ez_NP expedition_NN ,_, and_CC who_WPR F25 50 had_HVD survived_VBN by_IN turning_VBG native_NN ._. ^ the_ATI F25 50 adhesion_NN of_IN this_DT man_NN to_IN de_&FW Soto's_NP$ F25 51 forces_NNS proved_VBD to_TO be_BE an_AT event_NN of_IN major_JJ F25 51 importance_NN ._. ^ now_RN ,_, for_IN the_ATI first_OD F25 52 time_NN ,_, the_ATI Spaniards_NNPS could_MD count_VB on_IN a_AT F25 52 trustworthy_JJ interpreter_NN familiar_JJ F25 53 with_IN the_ATI language_NN and_CC mentality_NN of_IN the_ATI F25 53 Florida_NP Indians_NNPS ._. F25 54 ^ through_IN Ortiz_NP ,_, de_&FW Soto_NP was_BEDZ able_JJ to_TO F25 54 establish_VB contact_NN with_IN F25 55 Mucozo_NP ,_, the_ATI chieftain_NN who_WPR had_HVD befriended_VBN F25 55 him_PP3O ._. ^ after_IN bestowing_VBG gifts_NNS F25 56 of_IN clothes_NNS ,_, weapons_NNS ,_, and_CC a_AT fine_JJ horse_NN ,_, F25 56 de_&FW Soto_NP came_VBD briskly_RB to_IN the_ATI F25 57 point_NN and_CC asked_VBD whether_CS Mucozo_NP had_HVD knowledge_NN F25 57 of_IN any_DTI land_NN where_WRB gold_NN F25 58 and_CC silver_NN were_BED to_TO be_BE found_VBN ._. ^ the_ATI F25 58 Indian_NNP replied_VBD simply_RB that_CS he_PP3A knew_VBD F25 59 nothing_PN of_IN such_ABL things_NNS ,_, as_CS he_PP3A had_HVD never_RB F25 59 ventured_VBN further_RBR than_IN a_AT dozen_CD F25 60 leagues_NNS from_IN his_PP$ dwelling_NN place_NN ;_; but_CC some_DTI F25 60 thirty_CD leagues_NNS off_RP ,_, he_PP3A F25 61 added_VBD ,_, there_EX lived_VBD a_AT more_QL powerful_JJ chief_NN F25 61 called_VBD Paracoxi_NP in_IN a_AT land_NN of_IN F25 62 rich_JJ maize-fields_NNS ._. ^ de_&FW Soto_NP forthwith_RB F25 62 despatched_VBD a_AT captain_NN to_TO seek_VB F25 63 him_PP3O out_RP ._. ^ but_CC Paracoxi_NP ,_, though_CS professing_VBG F25 63 friendship_NN ,_, was_BEDZ distrustful_JJ F25 64 of_IN the_ATI Spaniards_NNPS and_CC went_VBD into_IN hiding_NN ._. ^ F25 64 his_PP$ messengers_NNS told_VBD the_ATI F25 65 Spaniards_NNPS that_CS they_PP3AS could_MD find_VB what_WDT they_PP3AS F25 65 were_BED seeking_VBG to_IN the_ATI west_NR ,_, at_IN F25 66 a_AT place_NN called_VBN Cale_NP ,_, *'_*' where_WRB summer_NN F25 66 reigned_VBD for_IN most_AP of_IN the_ATI year_NN ,_, and_CC F25 67 men_NNS wore_VBD golden_JJ hats_NNS like_IN helmets_NNS **'_**' ._. ^ F25 67 a_AT number_NN of_IN Paracoxi's_NP$ men_NNS ,_, in_IN F25 68 token_NN of_IN friendship_NN and_CC in_IN hope_NN of_IN plunder_NN ,_, F25 68 offered_VBD to_TO accompany_VB the_ATI F25 69 Spaniards_NNPS ._. F25 70 ^ to_IN Cale_NP ,_, then_RN ,_, de_&FW Soto_NP decided_VBD to_TO F25 70 march_VB ._. ^ a_AT garrison_NN of_IN one_CD1 F25 71 hundred_CD men_NNS was_BEDZ left_VBN behind_RP as_IN a_AT base_NN ,_, F25 71 and_CC a_AT small_JJ ship_NN sent_VBN back_RP to_TO F25 72 convey_VB Porcallo_NP de_&FW Figueroa_NP ,_, already_RB F25 72 disillusioned_JJ with_IN the_ATI prospects_NNS F25 73 of_IN Florida_NP as_IN a_AT slave_NN reserve_NN ,_, to_IN Cuba_NP ._. ^ F25 73 the_ATI hardships_NNS of_IN the_ATI campaign_NN F25 74 now_RN began_VBD in_IN grim_JJ earnest_NN ._. ^ the_ATI trail_NN F25 74 which_WDTR the_ATI Spaniards_NNPS followed_VBD led_VBD F25 75 across_IN a_AT marsh_NN ,_, which_WDTR the_ATI foot_NN soldiers_NNS F25 75 crossed_VBD by_IN a_AT makeshift_JJ bridge_NN F25 76 and_CC the_ATI horses_NNS with_IN the_ATI help_NN of_IN a_AT hawser_NN F25 76 ._. ^ food_NN was_BEDZ short_JJ ._. F25 77 ^ water-cress_NN and_CC palmetto_NN leaves_NNS were_BED poor_JJ F25 77 sustenance_NN for_IN men_NNS on_IN the_ATI F25 78 march_NN ,_, and_CC even_RB the_ATI maize_NN they_PP3AS had_HVD F25 78 found_VBN at_IN Cale_NP was_BEDZ a_AT mean_JJ substitute_NN F25 79 for_IN the_ATI gold_NN they_PP3AS had_HVD looked_VBN for_IN ._. ^ F25 79 since_CS few_AP Indians_NNPS had_HVD been_BEN F25 80 captured_VBN ,_, the_ATI Spaniards_NNPS had_HVD to_TO attend_VB to_IN F25 80 their_PP$ own_AP needs_NNS themselves_PPLS ,_, F25 81 pounding_VBG the_ATI maize_NN laboriously_RB in_IN mortars_NNS of_IN F25 81 hollowed_JJ log_NN with_IN the_ATI F25 82 help_NN of_IN wooden_JJ pestles_NNS ,_, and_CC then_RN sifting_VBG F25 82 the_ATI flour_NN through_IN their_PP$ F25 83 shirts_NNS of_IN mail_NN ,_, or_CC munching_VBG the_ATI parched_JJ F25 83 grains_NNS whole_JJ when_WRB they_PP3AS lacked_VBD F25 84 the_ATI patience_NN for_IN this_DT labour_NN ._. ^ but_CC visions_NNS F25 84 of_IN ease_NN and_CC plenty_NN beckoned_VBD F25 85 them_PP3OS on_RP ;_; in_IN Apalache_NP ,_, the_ATI natives_NNS F25 85 assured_VBD them_PP3OS ,_, they_PP3AS would_MD find_VB F25 86 everything_PN they_PP3AS desired_VBD ._. F25 87 ^ before_IN leaving_VBG Cale_NP ,_, the_ATI Spaniards_NNPS F25 87 suffered_VBD a_AT loss_NN which_WDTR ,_, though_CS F25 88 trivial_JJ in_IN itself_PPL ,_, throws_VBZ light_NN on_IN the_ATI F25 88 scale_NN of_IN values_NNS prevailing_VBG F25 89 amongst_IN the_ATI conquistadores_NNS and_CC was_BEDZ deeply_RB F25 89 lamented_VBN throughout_IN the_ATI F25 90 army_NN ._. ^ Bruto_NP ,_, the_ATI most_QL redoubtable_JJ and_CC F25 90 sagacious_JJ of_IN their_PP$ mastiffs_NNS ,_, F25 91 fell_VBD a_AT victim_NN to_IN Indian_JNP arrows_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI F25 91 incident_NN occurred_VBD when_WRB a_AT force_NN of_IN F25 92 hostile_JJ braves_NNS suddenly_RB appeared_VBD on_IN the_ATI F25 92 further_JJB bank_NN of_IN a_AT river_NN which_WDTR F25 93 the_ATI Spaniards_NNPS were_BED preparing_VBG to_TO cross_VB ._. ^ F25 93 before_CS his_PP$ masters_NNS could_MD hold_VB F25 94 him_PP3O back_RP ,_, Bruto_NP broke_VBD away_RP from_IN the_ATI page_NN F25 94 who_WPR held_VBD his_PP$ leash_NN and_CC made_VBD F25 95 straight_RB for_IN the_ATI enemy_NN ._. ^ the_ATI stream_NN was_BEDZ F25 95 broad_JJ and_CC swift_JJ ,_, and_CC the_ATI F25 96 animal's_NN$ head_NN presented_VBD an_AT easy_JJ target_NN for_IN F25 96 the_ATI Indian_JNP marksmen_NNS ._. ^ he_PP3A F25 97 succeeded_VBD in_IN reaching_VBG the_ATI far_JJ side_NN only_RB to_TO F25 97 fall_VB dead_JJ as_CS he_PP3A struggled_VBD F25 98 from_IN the_ATI water_NN ,_, his_PP$ head_NN and_CC shoulders_NNS F25 98 pierced_VBN ,_, so_PN Garcilaso_NP declares_VBZ ,_, F25 99 by_IN more_AP than_IN fifty_CD arrows_NNS ._. ^ thus_RB did_DOD F25 99 Bruto_NP join_VB the_ATI shades_NNS of_IN Ponce_NP F25 100 de_&FW Leo*?2n's_NP$ Becerillo_NP and_CC the_ATI latter's_AP$ F25 100 Leoncillo_NP ,_, who_WPR won_VBD for_IN his_PP$ F25 101 master_NN Balboa_NP more_AP than_IN two_CD thousand_CD pesos_NNS of_IN F25 101 gold_NN as_IN his_PP$ share_NN of_IN F25 102 plunder_NN ,_, in_IN the_ATI Valhalla_NP of_IN the_ATI Spaniards'_NNPS$ F25 102 war-dogs_NNS ._. F25 103 ^ as_CS the_ATI army_NN toiled_VBD across_IN the_ATI water-logged_JJ F25 103 wilderness_NN towards_IN F25 104 Apalache_NP ,_, the_ATI soldiers_NNS became_VBD aware_JJ that_CS F25 104 they_PP3AS were_BED heading_VBG for_IN regions_NNS F25 105 through_IN which_WDTR ,_, like_IN the_ATI men_NNS of_IN Narva*?2ez_NP F25 105 ,_, they_PP3AS might_MD be_BE unable_JJ to_TO F25 106 force_VB a_AT path_NN ._. ^ some_DTI began_VBD to_TO murmur_VB that_CS F25 106 they_PP3AS should_MD turn_VB back_RP while_CS F25 107 there_EX was_BEDZ yet_RB time_NN ._. ^ but_CC de_&FW Soto_NP was_BEDZ F25 107 inflexible_JJ ,_, refusing_VBG to_TO admit_VB F25 108 that_DT what_WDT others_APS found_VBD impossible_JJ would_MD be_BE F25 108 impossible_JJ for_IN him_PP3O ._. F25 109 ^ meanwhile_RB ,_, there_EX were_BED more_QL immediate_JJ dangers_NNS F25 109 to_TO face_VB ._. ^ the_ATI natives_NNS F25 110 were_BED professing_VBG friendship_NN ,_, but_CC de_&FW Soto_NP F25 110 suspected_VBD treachery_NN ,_, F25 111 especially_RB when_WRB they_PP3AS began_VBD to_TO assemble_VB F25 111 powerful_JJ forces_NNS on_IN the_ATI pretext_NN F25 112 that_CS they_PP3AS had_HVD come_VBN to_TO honour_VB the_ATI F25 112 strangers_NNS by_IN staging_VBG a_AT ceremonial_JJ F25 113 parade_NN ._. ^ the_ATI Spaniards_NNPS resolved_VBD to_TO strike_VB F25 113 first_RB ,_, and_CC fell_VBD upon_IN them_PP3OS in_IN F25 114 a_AT stretch_NN of_IN open_JJ country_NN bounded_VBN by_IN two_CD F25 114 lakes_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI Indians_NNPS ,_, taken_VBN by_IN F25 115 surprise_NN could_MD offer_VB little_AP resistance_NN ._. ^ more_AP F25 115 than_IN three_CD hundred_CD of_IN F25 116 them_PP3OS were_BED run_VBN down_RP and_CC lanced_VBN ,_, a_AP few_AP" F25 116 managed_VBD to_TO escape_VB into_IN the_ATI F25 117 forests_NNS ,_, while_CS the_ATI rest_NN sought_VBD safety_NN in_IN F25 117 the_ATI lakes_NNS ._. ^ grimly_RB the_ATI F25 118 Spaniards_NNPS posted_VBD themselves_PPLS around_IN the_ATI water_NN F25 118 and_CC tried_VBD to_TO shoot_VB down_RP F25 119 the_ATI fugitives_NNS with_IN cross-bows_NNS and_CC arquebus_NN ._. ^ F25 119 cold_NN and_CC exhaustion_NN at_RB F25 120 length_RB" forced_VBD the_ATI Indians_NNPS to_TO make_VB for_IN the_ATI F25 120 shore_NN under_IN cover_NN of_IN F25 121 darkness_NN ,_, their_PP$ heads_NNS camouflaged_VBN with_IN the_ATI F25 121 leaves_NNS of_IN aquatic_JJ plants_NNS ._. F25 122 ^ but_CC the_ATI horsemen_NNS were_BED waiting_VBG for_IN them_PP3OS F25 122 ,_, and_CC would_MD charge_VB into_IN the_ATI F25 123 water_NN ,_, forcing_VBG the_ATI Indians_NNPS to_TO give_VB F25 123 themselves_PPLS up_RP or_CC turn_VB back_RP ._. ^ Juan_NP F25 124 Ortiz_NP called_VBD to_IN them_PP3OS loudly_RB in_IN the_ATI Indian_JNP F25 124 tongue_NN ,_, bidding_VBG them_PP3OS come_VB F25 125 forth_RP if_CS they_PP3AS would_MD save_VB their_PP$ lives_NNS ._. ^ F25 125 one_CD1 after_IN another_DT ,_, the_ATI braves_NNS F25 126 struggled_VBD from_IN the_ATI water_NN and_CC gave_VBD themselves_PPLS F25 126 up_RP ,_, until_CS only_RB a_AT dozen_CD or_CC F25 127 so_PN ,_, the_ATI strongest_JJT and_CC most_QL stubborn_JJ ,_, F25 127 remained_VBD in_IN the_ATI water_NN ._. ^ finally_RB ,_, F25 128 de_&FW Soto_NP ordered_VBD his_PP$ native_JJ auxiliaries_NNS to_TO F25 128 plunge_VB in_RP after_IN them_PP3OS ._. ^ the_ATI F25 129 last_AP of_IN the_ATI enemy_NN were_BED dragged_VBN out_RP by_IN F25 129 the_ATI hair_NN ,_, more_QL dead_JJ than_CS alive_JJ ,_, F25 130 put_VBN into_IN chains_NNS ,_, and_CC divided_VBN up_RP amongst_IN F25 130 their_PP$ captors_NNS with_IN the_ATI rest_NN ._. F25 131 ^ Garcilaso_NP says_VBZ that_CS ,_, as_IN a_AT result_NN of_IN this_DT F25 131 battle_NN and_CC the_ATI trapping_NN of_IN F25 132 the_ATI Indians_NNPS in_IN the_ATI lakes_NNS ,_, more_AP than_IN F25 132 nine_CD hundred_CD fell_VBD captive_NN to_IN the_ATI F25 133 Spaniards_NNPS ._. F25 134 ^ but_CC these_DTS warlike_JJ savages_NNS were_BED not_XNOT the_ATI F25 134 stuff_NN of_IN which_WDTR slaves_NNS F25 135 could_MD be_BE made_VBN ,_, and_CC they_PP3AS soon_RB turned_VBD on_IN F25 135 their_PP$ captors_NNS ._. ^ one_CD1 day_NN ,_, when_WRB F25 136 the_ATI Spaniards_NNPS had_HVD just_RB finished_VBN eating_VBG ,_, F25 136 the_ATI captive_JJ chieftain_NN who_WPR had_HVD F25 137 been_BEN seated_VBN beside_IN de_&FW Soto_NP *'_*' rose_VBD to_IN F25 137 his_PP$ feet_NNS with_IN all_ABN conceivable_JJ F25 138 savagery_NN and_CC ferocity_NN and_CC closed_VBD at_RB once_RB" with_IN F25 138 the_ATI Adelantado_NP ._. ^ seizing_VBG F25 139 him_PP3O by_IN the_ATI collar_NN with_IN his_PP$ left_JJ hand_NN ,_, F25 139 he_PP3A gave_VBD him_PP3O such_ABL a_AT blow_NN over_IN the_ATI F25 140 eyes_NNS ,_, mouth_NN and_CC nose_NN with_IN his_PP$ right_JJ fist_NN F25 140 that_CS he_PP3A knocked_VBD down_RP the_ATI F25 141 chair_NN in_IN which_WDTR he_PP3A was_BEDZ seated_VBN and_CC F25 141 stretched_VBD him_PP3O out_RP senseless_JJ on_IN his_PP$ F25 142 back_NN as_CS if_CS" he_PP3A had_HVD been_BEN a_AT child_NN ._. ^ F25 142 then_RN ,_, to_TO finish_VB off_RP his_PP$ victim_NN ,_, he_PP3A F25 143 let_VBD himself_PPL fall_VB upon_IN him_PP3O ,_, whilst_CS at_IN F25 143 the_ATI same_AP time_NN giving_VBG such_ABL a_AT F25 144 tremendous_JJ roar_NN that_CS it_PP3 could_MD be_BE heard_VBN a_AT F25 144 quarter_NN of_IN a_AT league_NN F25 145 around_RP ._. **'_**' ^ this_DT roar_NN was_BEDZ the_ATI signal_NN F25 145 for_IN the_ATI other_AP captives_NNS to_TO set_VB F25 146 upon_IN their_PP$ masters_NNS throughout_IN the_ATI camp_NN ._. ^ *'_*' F25 146 as_IN weapons_NNS ,_, they_PP3AS made_VBD use_NN F25 147 of_IN the_ATI burning_JJ wood_NN from_IN the_ATI fire_NN or_CC other_AP F25 147 things_NNS found_VBN at_IN hand_NN ;_; many_AP F25 148 struck_VBD their_PP$ masters_NNS in_IN the_ATI face_NN and_CC F25 148 burned_VBD them_PP3OS with_IN pots_NNS of_IN boiling_JJ F25 149 food_NN ,_, others_APS struck_VBD them_PP3OS with_IN plates_NNS ,_, F25 149 crocks_NNS ,_, jars_NNS ,_, and_CC pitchers_NNS ,_, F25 150 whilst_CS others_APS again_RB used_VBD chairs_NNS ,_, benches_NNS ,_, F25 150 and_CC tables_NNS if_CS they_PP3AS were_BED to_TO F25 151 be_BE had_HVN ,_, and_CC if_CS not_XNOT ,_, anything_PN else_RB that_WPR F25 151 came_VBD to_IN hand_NN ._. **'_**' ^ but_CC the_ATI F25 152 revolt_NN of_IN the_ATI fettered_JJ savages_NNS *-_*- as_QL F25 152 desperate_JJ a_AT piece_NN of_IN tragic_JJ F25 153 slapstick_NN as_CS can_MD be_BE found_VBN in_IN the_ATI annals_NNS F25 153 of_IN the_ATI Conquista_NP *-_*- could_MD end_VB F25 154 only_RB in_IN one_CD1 way_NN ._. ^ their_PP$ bruised_JJ and_CC F25 154 resentful_JJ masters_NNS restored_VBD order_NN F25 155 and_CC sent_VBD the_ATI captives_NNS off_RP to_IN execution_NN ._. ^ F25 155 those_DTS who_WPR were_BED not_XNOT struck_VBN F25 156 down_RP at_RB once_RB" were_BED bound_VBN to_IN stakes_NNS and_CC F25 156 then_RN shot_VBN to_IN death_NN by_IN the_ATI F25 157 Indians_NNPS whom_WPOR the_ATI Spaniards_NNPS had_HVD brought_VBN F25 157 along_RP with_IN them_PP3OS from_IN the_ATI F25 158 friendly_JJ tribe_NN of_IN Paracoxi_NP ._. F25 159 ^ it_PP3 was_BEDZ now_RN the_ATI end_NN of_IN October_NR ,_, and_CC F25 159 the_ATI army_NN pushed_VBD on_RP through_IN F25 160 swamps_NNS and_CC lurking_VBG Indian_JNP ambushes_NNS towards_IN F25 160 Apalache_NP ._. ^ they_PP3AS were_BED F25 161 approaching_VBG a_AT fertile_JJ country_NN ,_, with_IN numerous_JJ F25 161 settlements_NNS and_CC F25 162 plantations_NNS of_IN maize_NN and_CC beans_NNS ._. ^ here_RN F25 162 Narva*?2ez_NP had_HVD quartered_VBN his_PP$ F25 163 army_NN and_CC sought_VBN in_RB vain_RB" for_IN the_ATI rumoured_JJ F25 163 hoards_NNS of_IN gold_NN ._. ^ the_ATI coast_NN F25 164 was_BEDZ only_RB some_DTI ten_CD leagues_NNS away_RP ,_, but_CC the_ATI F25 164 maze_NN of_IN creeks_NNS and_CC marsh_NN land_NN F25 165 which_WDTR fringed_VBD it_PP3 thwarted_VBD the_ATI attempts_NNS of_IN F25 165 reconnaissance_NN parties_NNS to_TO F25 166 break_VB through_RP to_IN the_ATI open_JJ sea_NN ._. ^ at_RB length_RB" F25 166 they_PP3AS reached_VBD a_AT lagoon_NN on_IN the_ATI F25 167 shores_NNS of_IN which_WDTR were_BED traces_NNS of_IN an_AT F25 167 abandoned_JJ camp_NN ._. ^ heaps_NNS of_IN charcoal_NN F25 168 ashes_NNS marked_VBD the_ATI spot_NN where_WRB a_AT forge_NN had_HVD F25 168 once_RB been_BEN built_VBN ,_, and_CC the_ATI F25 169 ground_NN was_BEDZ strewn_VBN with_IN the_ATI skulls_NNS of_IN F25 169 horses_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI Spaniards_NNPS had_HVD F25 170 reached_VBN the_ATI Bahi*?2a_NP de_&FW los_&FW Caballos_NP ,_, F25 170 where_WRB Narva*?2ez_NP had_HVD built_VBN his_PP$ F25 171 brigantines_NNS and_CC the_ATI cavalry_NN had_HVD sacrificed_VBN F25 171 their_PP$ mounts_NNS ._. ^ de_&FW Soto's_NP$ F25 172 men_NNS scanned_VBD the_ATI trunks_NNS of_IN the_ATI trees_NNS for_IN F25 172 any_DTI messages_NNS which_WDTR their_PP$ F25 173 predecessors_NNS might_MD have_HV left_VBN ,_, but_CC nothing_PN F25 173 was_BEDZ found_VBN ._. ^ further_RBR down_IN the_ATI F25 174 shores_NNS of_IN the_ATI lagoon_NN ,_, a_AT search_NN party_NN came_VBD F25 174 upon_IN some_DTI disused_JJ canoes_NNS in_IN F25 175 which_WDTR they_PP3AS put_VBD out_RP to_TO take_VB soundings_NNS ._. ^ F25 175 the_ATI water_NN was_BEDZ just_RB deep_JJ enough_QLP ,_, F25 176 it_PP3 seemed_VBD to_IN them_PP3OS ,_, to_TO take_VB larger_JJR F25 176 vessels_NNS ._. ^ with_IN this_DT report_NN they_PP3AS F25 177 returned_VBD to_IN the_ATI General_NPT who_WPR decided_VBD that_CS F25 177 the_ATI time_NN was_BEDZ now_RN ripe_JJ to_TO F25 178 order_VB the_ATI evacuation_NN of_IN the_ATI garrison_NN which_WDTR F25 178 he_PP3A had_HVD left_VBN behind_RP at_IN Tampa_NP F25 179 Bay_NPL where_WRB his_PP$ expedition_NN had_HVD first_RB landed_VBN ._. F25 180 ^ the_ATI difficult_JJ task_NN of_IN returning_VBG overland_RB to_IN F25 180 Tampa_NP Bay_NPL ,_, through_IN F25 181 regions_NNS where_WRB the_ATI Indians_NNPS would_MD be_BE quick_JJ F25 181 to_TO take_VB up_RP arms_NNS against_IN their_PP$ F25 182 old_JJ enemies_NNS ,_, was_BEDZ entrusted_VBN to_IN the_ATI F25 182 Comptroller_NPT ,_, Juan_NP de_&FW An*?4asco_NP ,_, and_CC F25 183 a_AT picked_JJ band_NN of_IN horsemen_NNS ._. F26 2 ^ the_ATI sea-country_NN of_IN Mehalah_NP ._. F26 3 ^ by_IN \0J_NP Wentworth_NP Day_NP ._. F26 4 ^ *'_*' Mehalah_NP Baker_NP !_! ^ I_PP1A know'd_VBD she_PP3A well_RB F26 4 ,_, poor_JJ gal_NN ._. ^ we_PP1AS went_VBD F26 5 to_IN dame's_NN$ school_NN together_RB *-_*- three_CD halfpence_NNS F26 5 a_AT week_NN to_TO learn_VB reading_NN ,_, F26 6 writing_NN and_CC 'rithmetic_NN ._. ^ she_PP3A lived_VBD across_IN F26 6 the_ATI creek_NN on_IN Ray_NP Island_NPL ,_, F26 7 with_IN her_PP$ old_JJ mother_NN ,_, who_WPR was_BEDZ forever_RB F26 7 drunk_JJ on_IN gin_NN ._. ^ you_PP2 could_MD get_VB a_AT F26 8 masterful_JJ lot_NN of_IN gin_NN then_RN for_IN tuppence_NNS ._. ^ F26 8 poor_JJ Mehalah_NP *-_*- she_PP3A had_HVD a_AT F26 9 sad_JJ life_NN on_IN 't_PP3 ._. ^ 'course_RB ,_, the_ATI Raverand_NPT F26 9 over_RP at_IN East_NP wrote_VBD a_AT book_NN F26 10 about_IN her_PP3O ._. ^ that_DT was_BEDZ all_ABN the_ATI go_NN that_DT F26 10 time_NN o'_IN day_NN ._. ^ everybody_PN was_BEDZ F26 11 a-readin'_VBG o'_IN it_PP3 ._. ^ the_ATI Raverand_NPT was_BEDZ a_AT F26 11 tall_JJ ,_, thin_JJ man_NN ._. ^ used_VBD to_TO walk_VB F26 12 about_IN the_ATI marsh_NN roads_NNS ,_, singin'_VBG in_IN the_ATI F26 12 wind_NN ._. ^ he_PP3A was_BEDZ a_AT rare_JJ scholard_NN ,_, F26 13 a_AT right_RB larned_JJ man_NN ._. **'_**' F26 14 ^ thus_RB spoke_VBD my_PP$ revered_JJ ,_, and_CC now_RN ,_, alas_UH F26 14 ,_, dead_JJ ,_, friend_NN ,_, \0Mrs_NPT Jane_NP F26 15 Pullen_NP ,_, landlady_NN of_IN that_DT very_QL old_JJ ,_, F26 15 sun-warmed_JJ inn_NN ,_, the_ATI Peldon_NP Rose_NP ,_, F26 16 which_WDTR crouches_VBZ in_IN its_PP$ willows_NNS on_IN the_ATI F26 16 Essex_NP shore_NN ,_, cocking_VBG a_AT wary_JJ eye_NN F26 17 across_IN the_ATI water_NN at_IN the_ATI independent_JJ isle_NN of_IN F26 17 Mersea_NP ._. F26 18 ^ for_IN fifty_CD years_NNS she_PP3A was_BEDZ landlady_NN of_IN F26 18 this_DT ancient_JJ inn_NN ,_, which_WDTR the_ATI F26 19 Reverend_NPT Sabine_NP Baring-Gould_NP ,_, that_DT master_NN of_IN F26 19 Victorian_JNP melodrama_NN ,_, F26 20 immortalized_VBN in_IN Mehalah_NP ,_, a_AT story_NN of_IN the_ATI F26 20 salt_JJ marshes_NNS ,_, first_RB F26 21 published_VBN in_IN 1880_CD ._. ^ today_NR it_PP3 is_BEZ a_AT F26 21 collector's_NN$ piece_NN ._. ^ it_PP3 sent_VBD shudders_NNS F26 22 down_IN the_ATI delicate_JJ spines_NNS of_IN our_PP$ grandmothers_NNS F26 22 ._. F26 23 ^ \0Mrs_NPT Pullen_NP was_BEDZ over_RB eighty_CD when_WRB she_PP3A F26 23 died_VBD ,_, thirty_CD years_NNS ago_RB ._. F26 24 ^ that_DT helps_VBZ to_IN date_NN Mehalah_NP Baker_NP ,_, the_ATI F26 24 pathetic_JJ girl_NN of_IN the_ATI Essex_NP F26 25 marshes_NNS who_WPR lived_VBD in_IN a_AT small_JJ farmhouse_NN F26 25 built_VBN of_IN wreckage_NN timber_NN and_CC F26 26 roofed_VBN with_IN red_JJ pantiles_NNS ,_, on_IN Ray_NP Island_NPL ._. ^ F26 26 you_PP2 may_MD still_RB trace_VB the_ATI F26 27 foundations_NNS among_IN wind-twisted_JJ thorn_NN trees_NNS on_IN F26 27 that_DT lonely_JJ little_JJ isle_NN F26 28 of_IN saltings_NNS and_CC coarse_JJ grass_NN ,_, between_IN the_ATI F26 28 shifting_JJ tides_NNS of_IN the_ATI twin_NN F26 29 creeks_NNS ,_, Ray_NP Channel_NPL and_CC Strood_NP Channel_NPL ,_, F26 29 which_WDTR cut_VB off_RP the_ATI bold_JJ ,_, bright_JJ F26 30 men_NNS of_IN Mersea_NP from_IN the_ATI duller_JJR chaps_NNS over_RP F26 30 in_IN England_NP ._. F26 31 ^ Baring-Gould's_NP$ story_NN of_IN Mehalah_NP is_BEZ F26 31 high-pitched_JJ ,_, grim_JJ ,_, F26 32 melodramatic_JJ ,_, removed_VBN to_IN the_ATI end_NN of_IN the_ATI F26 32 18th_OD century_NN for_IN romantic_JJ F26 33 effect_NN ._. ^ redeemed_VBN by_IN exquisite_JJ word-pictures_NNS of_IN F26 33 the_ATI marshes_NNS and_CC F26 34 true-life_JJB portraits_NNS of_IN marshland_NN characters_NNS ,_, F26 34 it_PP3 has_HVZ been_BEN reprinted_VBN F26 35 eighteen_CD times_NNS ._. F26 36 ^ briefly_RB ,_, the_ATI Mehalah_NP Sharland_NP of_IN the_ATI F26 36 melodrama_NN is_BEZ wooed_VBN by_IN Elijah_NP F26 37 Rebow_NP ,_, a_AT marsh_NN farmer_NN ,_, brutal_JJ ,_, cunning_JJ ,_, F26 37 ferocious_JJ ._. ^ he_PP3A owns_VBZ the_ATI Ray_NP F26 38 and_CC lives_VBZ in_IN Red_NP Hall_NPL ._. ^ Mehalah_NP ,_, vivid_JJ F26 38 ,_, raven-haired_JJ and_CC gipsy-fierce_JJ ,_, F26 39 hates_VBZ him_PP3O ._. ^ her_PP$ heart_NN is_BEZ set_VBN on_IN F26 39 George_NP De_NP Witt_NP ,_, a_AT young_JJ fisherman_NN ._. F26 40 ^ Rebow_NP ,_, in_IN revenge_NN ,_, supplies_VBZ her_PP$ mother_NN F26 40 with_IN secret_JJ kegs_NNS of_IN smuggled_JJ F26 41 rum_NN ,_, steals_VBZ their_PP$ sheep_NNS ,_, betrays_VBZ De_NP Witt_NP F26 41 to_IN the_ATI press_NN gang_NN ,_, and_CC F26 42 finally_RB sets_VBZ fire_NN to_IN the_ATI Ray_NP farmhouse_NN and_CC F26 42 takes_VBZ the_ATI now_RN penniless_JJ F26 43 girl_NN and_CC her_PP$ almost_RB senile_JJ mother_NN to_TO live_VB F26 43 at_IN Red_NP Hall_NPL ._. ^ in_IN despair_NN she_PP3A F26 44 marries_VBZ him_PP3O ,_, swearing_VBG never_RB to_TO consummate_VB F26 44 the_ATI marriage_NN ._. F26 45 ^ on_IN her_PP$ wedding_NN night_NN ,_, Mehalah_NP hits_VBZ Rebow_NP F26 45 with_IN a_AT bottle_NN ._. ^ it_PP3 F26 46 contains_VBZ vitriol_NN and_CC blinds_VBZ him_PP3O ._. ^ stunned_VBN F26 46 by_IN remorse_NN ,_, she_PP3A swears_VBZ to_TO F26 47 look_VB after_IN him_PP3O for_IN the_ATI rest_NN of_IN her_PP$ life_NN F26 47 ._. ^ her_PP$ old_JJ admirer_NN ,_, George_NP De_NP F26 48 Witt_NP ,_, returns_VBZ from_IN the_ATI navy_NN ;_; but_CC it_PP3 F26 48 is_BEZ too_QL late_JJ ._. ^ he_PP3A announces_VBZ that_CS he_PP3A F26 49 will_MD marry_VB her_PP$ rival_NN ,_, Phoebe_NP Musset_NP ,_, and_CC F26 49 Mehalah_NP realizes_VBZ that_CS Rebow_NP F26 50 alone_RB is_BEZ constant_JJ ._. ^ later_RBR ,_, in_IN a_AT passion_NN F26 50 the_ATI blind_JJ man_NN knocks_VBZ her_PP3O F26 51 senseless_JJ ,_, lifts_VBZ her_PP3O into_IN his_PP$ boat_NN ,_, F26 51 rows_VBZ out_RP to_IN sea_NN and_CC pulls_VBZ out_RP the_ATI F26 52 boat's_NN$ plug_NN ._. ^ the_ATI pair_NN ,_, their_PP$ marriage_NN F26 52 unconsummated_JJ ,_, drown_VB together_RB ._. F26 53 ^ despite_IN this_DT barn-storming_JJ quality_NN ,_, the_ATI book_NN F26 53 grips_VBZ you_PP2 ._. ^ those_DTS F26 54 who_WPR remember_VB ,_, as_CS I_PP1A do_DO ,_, the_ATI fanatical_JJ ,_, F26 54 biblical_JJ frenzy_NN of_IN marshland_NN F26 55 religious_JJ beliefs_NNS and_CC family_NN feuds_NNS ,_, glimpse_VB F26 55 flashes_NNS of_IN truth_NN ._. ^ there_EX F26 56 are_BER still_RB De_NP Witts_NPS ,_, Mussets_NPS ,_, Petticans_NPS ,_, F26 56 Pudneys_NPS and_CC others_APS in_IN the_ATI F26 57 marsh_NN villages_NNS ._. ^ and_CC Rebow_NP is_BEZ a_AT remembered_JJ F26 57 name_NN ._. ^ the_ATI melodrama_NN ,_, F26 58 however_RB ,_, as_CS told_VBN by_IN Baring-Gould_NP is_BEZ ,_, I_PP1A F26 58 believe_VB ,_, pure_JJ fantasy_NN ,_, apart_IN F26 59 from_IN" the_ATI use_NN of_IN local_JJ place-names_NNS and_CC F26 59 surnames_NNS ._. F26 60 ^ except_IN for_IN" the_ATI seaward_JJB side_NN of_IN Mersea_NP F26 60 Island_NPL which_WDTR is_BEZ ruined_VBN by_IN a_AT F26 61 sprawl_NN of_IN suburban_JJ bungalows_NNS ,_, utterly_RB alien_JJ to_IN F26 61 the_ATI island_NN tradition_NN of_IN F26 62 building_NN ,_, this_DT fascinating_JJ half-land_NN of_IN F26 62 sea-creeks_NNS and_CC salt_JJ marshes_NNS is_BEZ F26 63 much_RB as_CS Mehalah_NP knew_VBD it_PP3 ._. ^ salt_JJ tides_NNS F26 63 still_RB gurgle_VB in_IN crab-holes_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI F26 64 ebb_NN bares_VBZ the_ATI shining_JJ mud-flats_NNS ._. ^ lonely_JJ F26 64 creeks_NNS are_BER opal_JJ in_IN the_ATI dawn_NN ,_, F26 65 sword-blue_JJ in_IN the_ATI sun_NN ,_, greyly_RB silver_JJ under_IN F26 65 misty_JJ moons_NNS ._. ^ curlew_NNS F26 66 whistle_VB haunting_JJ music_NN ._. ^ redshank_NNS ring_VB their_PP$ F26 66 million_CD bells_NNS in_IN the_ATI F26 67 courting_JJ days_NNS of_IN spring_NN ._. ^ at_IN night_NN ,_, F26 67 bar-geese_NNS laugh_VB their_PP$ ghastly_JJ F26 68 laughter_NN far_RB out_RP on_IN the_ATI crawling_JJ tide_NN *-_*- F26 68 the_ATI ghosts_NNS ,_, they_PP3AS say_VB ,_, of_IN F26 69 drowned_JJ sailors_NNS ,_, down_RP in_IN the_ATI green_JJ alleys_NNS F26 69 of_IN Fiddlers'_NP$ Green_NPL ,_, mocking_VBG F26 70 the_ATI living_JJ about_RP to_TO join_VB them_PP3OS ._. F26 71 ^ in_IN winter_NN the_ATI brent_JJ geese_NNS come_VB south_NR F26 71 over_IN bitter_JJ seas_NNS from_IN F26 72 Spitsbergen_NP and_CC Novaya_NP Zemlya_NP to_TO winter_VB on_IN F26 72 Dengie_NP Flats_NPS ,_, where_WRB the_ATI F26 73 sea-wall_NN ,_, houseless_JJ ,_, manless_JJ ,_, goes_VBZ marching_VBG F26 73 down_IN the_ATI coast_NN for_IN a_AT dozen_CD F26 74 lonely_JJ miles_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI tides_NNS ebb_VB out_RP for_IN a_AT F26 74 mile_NN or_CC more_AP ._. ^ if_CS you_PP2 are_BER lost_VBN F26 75 in_IN a_AT duck-punt_NN in_IN a_AT winter_NN fog_NN ,_, as_CS I_PP1A F26 75 have_HV been_BEN ,_, sea_NN and_CC land_NN melt_VB into_IN F26 76 grey_JJ ,_, terrifying_JJ nothingness_NN ._. ^ you_PP2 can_MD only_RB F26 76 tell_VB the_ATI direction_NN of_IN the_ATI F26 77 land_NN when_WRB the_ATI tide_NN has_HVZ ebbed_VBN by_IN the_ATI lie_NN F26 77 of_IN seaweed_NN and_CC eel-grass_NN on_IN F26 78 the_ATI mud_NN ._. F26 79 ^ a_AT country_NN of_IN high_JJ skies_NNS and_CC incredibly_RB F26 79 clear_JJ lights_NNS ,_, of_IN drifting_JJ F26 80 sea-fogs_NNS and_CC sharp_JJ tides_NNS ._. ^ an_AT old_JJ ,_, old_JJ F26 80 land_NN of_IN beauty_NN and_CC mystery_NN F26 81 haunted_VBN by_IN Roman_NNP and_CC Dane_NNP ,_, east_NR Saxon_NNP F26 81 and_CC Norman_NNP ,_, and_CC by_IN all_ABN that_DT F26 82 rough_JJ crew_NN of_IN smugglers_NNS and_CC wreckers_NNS ,_, F26 82 wildfowlers_NNS and_CC fishermen_NNS ,_, F26 83 poachers_NNS and_CC marsh-men_NNS whose_WP$R immemorial_JJ kingdom_NN F26 83 it_PP3 is_BEZ ._. F26 84 ^ landward_RB ,_, miles_NNS of_IN rough_JJ grass_NN marshes_NNS ,_, F26 84 cattle-dotted_JJ ,_, seamed_VBN by_IN F26 85 reedy_JJ *'_*' fleets_NNS **'_**' where_WRB wild_JJ duck_NNS nest_VB F26 85 and_CC reed-warblers_NNS chitter_VB in_IN F26 86 the_ATI reeds_NNS ,_, melt_VB into_IN low_JJ uplands_NNS ,_, bright_JJ F26 86 with_IN corn_NN ._. ^ great_JJ farmhouses_NNS ,_, F26 87 built_VBN when_WRB the_ATI armada_NN was_BEDZ a_AT boding_JJ threat_NN F26 87 ,_, stand_VB within_IN moats_NNS starred_VBN F26 88 by_IN water-lilies_NNS ,_, sentinelled_VBN by_IN cloudy_JJ elms_NNS ._. F26 88 ^ they_PP3AS and_CC their_PP$ villages_NNS F26 89 bear_VB names_NNS that_WPR echo_VB Saxon_NNP and_CC Roman_NNP ,_, F26 89 Dane_NNP and_CC Norman_NNP ._. ^ most_AP of_IN them_PP3OS F26 90 lie_VB at_IN the_ATI head_NN of_IN lonely_JJ creeks_NNS ._. ^ in_IN F26 90 the_ATI old_JJ days_NNS sprit-sailed_JJ barges_NNS F26 91 glided_VBD ,_, red-sailed_JJ ,_, above_IN the_ATI land_NN to_IN F26 91 village_NN hithes_NNS with_IN cattle_NNS and_CC F26 92 corn_NN ,_, coals_NNS and_CC wood_NN ,_, or_CC stacked_VBN high_RB F26 92 with_IN hay_NN ._. ^ the_ATI old_JJ green_JJ *'_*' barge_NN F26 93 roads_NNS **'_**' ,_, raised_JJ causeways_NNS of_IN grass_NN ,_, F26 93 still_RB run_VB from_IN many_AP a_AT farmyard_NN to_IN F26 94 forgotten_JJ havens_NNS where_WRB weed-grown_JJ posts_NNS stand_VB F26 94 memorial_NN to_IN the_ATI rough_JJ F26 95 seaman_NN who_WPR tied_VBD up_RP there_RN ._. F26 96 ^ there_EX is_BEZ such_ABL an_AT old_JJ green_JJ road_NN from_IN F26 96 the_ATI off-buildings_NNS at_IN Decoy_NP F26 97 Farm_NPL on_IN Bohun's_NP$ Hall_NPL at_IN Tollesbury_NP to_IN F26 97 Thurslet_NP Creek_NPL ,_, which_WDTR maps_NNS show_VB F26 98 as_IN Thistly_NP Creek_NPL ,_, a_AT name_NN not_XNOT used_VBN F26 98 locally_RB ._. ^ across_IN the_ATI fields_NNS lie_VB F26 99 Tolleshunt_NP D'Arcy_NP Hall_NPL and_CC Bourchier's_NP$ Hall_NPL ;_; F26 99 the_ATI first_OD within_IN a_AT F26 100 perfect_JJ moat_NN ,_, the_ATI second_OD with_IN fragments_NNS of_IN F26 100 a_AT homestead_NN moat_NN ._. ^ within_IN a_AT F26 101 gunshot_NN of_IN Bourchier's_NP$ Hall_NPL stand_VB the_ATI mournful_JJ F26 101 remains_NNS of_IN Guisnes_NP F26 102 Court_NPL ,_, built_VBN from_IN the_ATI old_JJ stones_NNS of_IN F26 102 London_NP Bridge_NPL ._. F26 103 ^ those_DTS four_CD house_NN names_NNS preserve_VB manorial_JJ F26 103 memories_NNS ._. ^ it_PP3 was_BEDZ Baron_NPT F26 104 Bohun_NP who_WPR ,_, with_IN Bigod_NP ,_, threw_VBD the_ATI threats_NNS F26 104 of_IN Edward_NP 1_CD1 in_IN his_PP$ face_NN F26 105 with_IN the_ATI words_NNS :_: ^ *'_*' by_IN God_NP ,_, Sir_NPT King_NPT F26 105 ,_, we_PP1AS will_MD neither_DTX go_VB nor_CC hang_VB ._. **'_**' F26 106 ^ Tolleshunt_NP D'Arcy_NP derives_VBZ from_IN the_ATI D'Arcys_NPS F26 106 who_WPR held_VBD half_ABN this_DT wild_JJ F26 107 marsh_NN country_NN in_IN feudal_JJ fee_NN ._. ^ Baldwin_NP ,_, F26 107 Earl_NPT of_IN Guisnes_NP ,_, held_VBD a_AT F26 108 knight's_NN$ fee_NN of_IN the_ATI honour_NN of_IN Boulogne_NP in_IN F26 108 Tollesbury_NP in_IN the_ATI reign_NN of_IN F26 109 King_NPT John_NP ,_, which_WDTR passed_VBD later_RBR to_IN Robert_NP F26 109 Bourchier_NP ,_, Lord_NPT Chancellor_NPT of_IN F26 110 England_NP and_CC Earl_NPT of_IN Essex_NP ._. ^ Robert_NP ,_, Lord_NPT F26 110 Bourchier_NP ,_, kept_VBD his_PP$ first_OD F26 111 court_NN at_IN Bourchier's_NP$ Hall_NPL in_IN 1329_CD ._. F26 112 ^ for_IN the_ATI rest_NN of_IN these_DTS echoes_NNS of_IN history_NN F26 112 ,_, there_EX lie_VB ,_, scattered_VBN F26 113 under_IN wide_JJ marsh_NN skies_NNS ,_, manors_NNS and_CC villages_NNS F26 113 which_WDTR sing_VB on_IN the_ATI tongue_NN *-_*- F26 114 Salcott-cum-Virley_NP ,_, Bradwell-juxta-Mare_NP ,_, Tolleshunt_NP F26 114 Knights_NP ,_, Layer_NP F26 115 Breton_NP ,_, Layer-de-la-Haye_NP :_: all_ABN are_BER Norman_JNP ._. ^ F26 115 Fingringhoe_NP ,_, Langenhoe_NP and_CC F26 116 Wivenhoe_NP smell_VB of_IN the_ATI Viking_NNP ._. ^ the_ATI gaunt_JJ F26 116 grey_JJ priory_NN of_IN \0St_NPT Osyth_NP ,_, F26 117 across_IN the_ATI Colne_NP to_IN the_ATI east_NR of_IN Brightlingsea_NP F26 117 ,_, is_BEZ dedicated_VBN to_IN a_AT F26 118 forgotten_JJ Saxon_JNP saint_NN ._. F26 119 ^ all_ABN this_DT coast_NN is_BEZ vivid_JJ with_IN history_NN ._. ^ F26 119 a_AT mile_NN east_NR of_IN Bradwell_NP ,_, F26 120 at_IN the_ATI end_NN of_IN the_ATI straight_JJ Roman_JNP road_NN F26 120 which_WDTR leads_VBZ through_IN wheat_NN and_CC F26 121 barley_NN to_IN the_ATI sea_NN ,_, you_PP2 will_MD find_VB remnants_NNS F26 121 of_IN the_ATI twelve-foot-thick_JJB F26 122 walls_NNS of_IN the_ATI old_JJ Roman_JNP fort_NN of_IN Othona_NP ,_, F26 122 built_VBN to_TO guard_VB the_ATI mouth_NN of_IN the_ATI F26 123 Blackwater_NP in_IN the_ATI reign_NN of_IN Diocletian_NP or_CC F26 123 Constantine_NP 1_CD1 ._. ^ it_PP3 was_BEDZ F26 124 garrisoned_VBN by_IN the_ATI Count_NPT of_IN the_ATI Saxon_JNP shore_NN F26 124 ._. F26 125 ^ there_RN ,_, in_IN \0A.D_RB 653_CD ,_, Cedd_NP ,_, Bishop_NPT F26 125 of_IN the_ATI east_NR Saxons_NNPS ,_, built_VBD F26 126 from_IN the_ATI Roman_JNP ruins_NNS \0St_NPT Peter's_NP$ Chapel_NPL ,_, F26 126 the_ATI little_JJ cathedral_NN which_WDTR F26 127 stands_VBZ ,_, earth-floored_JJ ,_, wind-beaten_JJ ,_, on_IN a_AT F26 127 slight_JJ rise_NN at_IN the_ATI end_NN of_IN the_ATI F26 128 sea-wall_NN ._. ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ fifty-five_CD feet_NNS long_JJ and_CC F26 128 twenty-six_CD feet_NNS wide_JJ ,_, barely_RB F26 129 large_JJ enough_QLP to_TO hold_VB a_AT couple_NN of_IN dozen_CD F26 129 worshippers_NNS ._. ^ hundreds_CDS of_IN F26 130 pilgrims_NNS visit_VB it_PP3 each_DT year_NN and_CC camp_VB in_IN F26 130 army_NN huts_NNS on_IN the_ATI near-by_JJB F26 131 marsh_NN ._. ^ Elizabethan_JNP seamen_NNS used_VBD it_PP3 as_IN a_AT F26 131 beacon_NN tower_NN whose_WP$R flames_NNS F26 132 flickered_VBD at_IN night_NN far_RB over_IN the_ATI treacherous_JJ F26 132 sea-flats_NNS ._. ^ Georgian_JNP F26 133 smugglers_NNS stored_VBD their_PP$ barrels_NNS in_IN it_PP3 ._. ^ in_IN F26 133 the_ATI first_OD world_NN war_NN ,_, troops_NNS F26 134 used_VBD it_PP3 as_IN a_AT look-out_NN ._. ^ today_NR ,_, it_PP3 is_BEZ F26 134 reconsecrated_JJ ,_, a_AT place_NN of_IN God_NP ._. F26 135 ^ the_ATI only_AP dead_JJ man_NN to_TO lie_VB in_IN state_NN ,_, F26 135 during_IN the_ATI last_AP century_NN or_CC F26 136 more_AP ,_, within_IN those_DTS lonely_JJ walls_NNS on_IN the_ATI F26 136 edge_NN of_IN the_ATI crawling_JJ sea_NN was_BEDZ my_PP$ F26 137 gallant_JJ old_JJ friend_NN Walter_NP Linnett_NP ,_, *'_*' the_ATI F26 137 last_AP of_IN the_ATI Essex_NP fowlers_NNS **'_**' ,_, F26 138 who_WPR died_VBD only_RB a_AT year_NN or_CC two_CD ago_RB ._. ^ he_PP3A F26 138 lived_VBD his_PP$ long_JJ life_NN in_IN the_ATI F26 139 one-storeyed_JJ ,_, three-roomed_JJ wooden_JJ coastguard_NN cottage_NN F26 139 which_WDTR crouches_VBZ ,_, F26 140 bowered_JJ in_IN vines_NNS ,_, on_IN the_ATI seaward_JJB side_NN of_IN F26 140 the_ATI sea-wall_NN at_IN the_ATI foot_NN of_IN F26 141 the_ATI old_JJ Roman_JNP fort_NN ._. ^ there_RN he_PP3A reared_VBD F26 141 his_PP$ family_NN of_IN six_CD and_CC fed_VBD them_PP3OS F26 142 with_IN the_ATI spoils_NNS of_IN punt-gun_NN and_CC peter-net_NN ,_, F26 142 eel-spear_NN and_CC rabbit-snare_NN ._. F26 143 ^ his_PP$ great_JJ punt-gun_NN ,_, ten_CD feet_NNS long_JJ ,_, F26 143 two-and-a-half_CD inches_NNS in_IN bore_NN ,_, F26 144 three_CD hundred_CD pounds_NNS in_IN weight_NN ,_, capable_JJ of_IN F26 144 firing_VBG two_CD pounds_NNS of_IN swan_NN F26 145 shot_NN ,_, now_RN stands_VBZ in_IN my_PP$ hall_NN ._. ^ they_PP3AS F26 145 say_VB it_PP3 has_HVZ killed_VBN fifty_CD thousand_CD F26 146 wild_JJ geese_NNS and_CC wild_JJ duck_NNS in_IN the_ATI last_AP F26 146 hundred_CD years_NNS ._. F26 147 ^ the_ATI wild_JJ geese_NNS are_BER protected_VBN now_RN ;_; and_CC F26 147 in_IN winter_NN the_ATI marshes_NNS and_CC F26 148 bitter_JJ mud-flats_NNS of_IN Mehalah's_NP$ country_NN are_BER F26 148 haunted_VBN at_IN dawn_NN and_CC dusk_NN by_IN F26 149 long_JJ wavering_JJ skeins_NNS of_IN the_ATI great_JJ birds_NNS like_IN F26 149 windblown_JJ witches_NNS ._. F26 150 ^ the_ATI Romans_NNPS built_VBD not_XNOT only_RB the_ATI fort_NN F26 150 of_IN Othona_NP :_: they_PP3AS had_HVD a_AT pharos_NN ,_, F26 151 or_CC lighthouse_NN ,_, on_IN Mersea_NP ._. ^ they_PP3AS laid_VBD F26 151 the_ATI foundations_NNS of_IN the_ATI Strood_NP ,_, F26 152 the_ATI causeway_NN which_WDTR connects_VBZ the_ATI island_NN with_IN F26 152 the_ATI mainland_NN ._. ^ they_PP3AS went_VBD F26 153 to_IN Mersea_NP for_IN oysters_NNS ._. ^ they_PP3AS sent_VBD their_PP$ F26 153 sick_JJ there_RN to_TO recover_VB ._. ^ they_PP3AS F26 154 built_VBD a_AT temple_NN to_IN Vesta_NP on_IN the_ATI site_NN of_IN F26 154 West_NP Mersea_NP church_NN ._. ^ when_WRB I_PP1A had_HVD F26 155 the_ATI shooting_NN on_IN Fingringhoe_NP Wick_NP at_IN the_ATI mouth_NN F26 155 of_IN the_ATI River_NPL Colne_NP ,_, a_AT F26 156 lonely_JJ peninsula_NN of_IN sandy_JJ gravel_NN and_CC saltings_NNS ,_, F26 156 we_PP1AS found_VBD the_ATI complete_JJ F26 157 foundations_NNS of_IN a_AT Roman_JNP villa_NN with_IN a_AT mass_NN F26 157 of_IN oyster_NN shells_NNS ._. F26 158 ^ Salcott-cum-Virley_NP is_BEZ still_RB a_AT village_NN ;_; F26 158 across_IN the_ATI creek_NN is_BEZ the_ATI F26 159 ghost_NN of_IN the_ATI vanished_JJ village_NN of_IN Virley_NP ._. ^ F26 159 the_ATI Sun_NP Inn_NPL ,_, immortalized_VBN in_IN F26 160 Mehalah_NP ,_, stands_VBZ in_IN the_ATI village_NN street_NN ,_, as_RB F26 160 yet_RB" ,_, thank_VB God_NP ,_, F26 161 unmodernized_JJ ._. ^ but_CC Virley_NP Church_NPL ,_, where_WRB F26 161 Mehalah_NP was_BEDZ married_VBN to_IN the_ATI F26 162 brutal_JJ Elijah_NP Rebow_NP by_IN the_ATI Reverend_NPT \0Mr_NPT F26 162 Rabbit_NP ,_, is_BEZ a_AT ruin_NN ,_, whilst_CS the_ATI F26 163 near-by_JJB White_NP Hart_NP Inn_NPL ,_, once_RB a_AT den_NN of_IN F26 163 smugglers_NNS ,_, was_BEDZ blotted_VBN out_RP by_IN a_AT F26 164 bomb_NN in_IN the_ATI last_AP war_NN ._. F26 165 ^ the_ATI picture_NN of_IN that_DT tragic_JJ wedding_NN ,_, as_CS F26 165 re-told_VBN by_IN Herbert_NP F26 166 Tompkins_NP in_IN his_PP$ Marsh_NPL Country_NPL rambles_NNS ,_, is_BEZ F26 166 a_AT pathetic_JJ commentary_NN on_IN F26 167 the_ATI rough_JJ marsh-life_NN of_IN the_ATI day_NN ._. ^ the_ATI *'_*' F26 167 nots_NC **'_**' in_IN the_ATI Decalogue_NP had_HVD F26 168 been_BEN erased_VBN by_IN a_AT village_NN humourist_NN ;_; a_AT F26 168 wormeaten_JJ deal_NN table_NN did_DOD duty_NN F26 169 for_IN an_AT altar_NN ;_; the_ATI curate's_NN$ red_JJ cotton_NN F26 169 handkerchief_NN was_BEDZ the_ATI only_AP F26 170 altar-cloth_NN ._. ^ the_ATI floor_NN of_IN the_ATI chancel_NN was_BEDZ F26 170 eaten_VBN through_RP by_IN rats_NNS ;_; the_ATI F26 171 bones_NNS beneath_RI were_BED exposed_VBN to_IN view_NN ._. ^ the_ATI F26 171 congregation_NN consisted_VBD F26 172 chiefly_RB of_IN a_AP few_AP" young_JJ folk_NNS ,_, who_WPR snored_VBD F26 172 sonorously_RB ,_, or_CC cracked_VBD nuts_NNS ,_, F26 173 or_CC adorned_VBD the_ATI pews_NNS with_IN rude_JJ sketches_NNS of_IN F26 173 ships_NNS ._. ^ on_IN the_ATI wedding-day_NN a_AT F26 174 motley_JJ crowd_NN assembled_VBD to_TO see_VB the_ATI fun_NN ,_, and_CC F26 174 the_ATI tiny_JJ church_NN was_BEDZ F26 175 crowded_JJ ._. ^ in_IN the_ATI west_NR gallery_NN boys_NNS dropped_VBD F26 175 broken_JJ tobacco-pipes_NNS on_IN the_ATI F26 176 heads_NNS of_IN the_ATI persons_NNS below_RI ;_; a_AT sweep_NN ,_, F26 176 unwashed_JJ ,_, pushed_VBD forward_RB and_CC took_VBD F26 177 a_AT seat_NN beside_IN the_ATI altar_NN ;_; the_ATI communion-rails_NNS F26 177 were_BED broken_VBN down_RP and_CC the_ATI F26 178 chancel_NN filled_VBD with_IN a_AT noisy_JJ squabbling_JJ mob_NN ._. ^ F26 178 pen_NN and_CC ink_NN were_BED ,_, with_IN F26 179 difficulty_NN ,_, found_VBD ;_; while_CS the_ATI sight-seers_NNS F26 179 exchanged_VBD uncomplimentary_JJ F26 180 sentences_NNS aloud_RB in_IN the_ATI presence_NN of_IN the_ATI F26 180 Reverend_NPT \0Mr_NPT Rabbit_NP ._. ^ the_ATI F26 181 bridegroom_NN was_BEDZ arrayed_VBN in_IN a_AT *'_*' blue_JJ coat_NN F26 181 with_IN brass_NN buttons_NNS and_CC F26 182 knee-breeches_NNS **'_**' ;_; old_JJ \0Mrs_NPT De_NP Witt_NP ,_, a_AT F26 182 queer_JJ character_NN ,_, had_HVD thrown_VBN a_AT F26 183 smart_JJ red_JJ coat_NN over_IN her_PP$ silk_NN dress_NN ;_; on_IN F26 183 her_PP$ head_NN was_BEDZ a_AT *'_*' broad_JJ white_JJ F26 184 chip_NN hat_NN **'_**' ,_, tied_VBN with_IN ribbons_NNS of_IN sky_NN F26 184 blue_NN ;_; in_IN her_PP$ frizzled_JJ hair_NN was_BEDZ a_AT F26 185 bunch_NN of_IN forget-me-nots_NNS ._. F27 2 ^ the_ATI persons_NNS who_WPR suffered_VBD in_IN the_ATI revolt_NN F27 2 of_IN that_DT year_NN were_BED for_IN the_ATI F27 3 most_AP part_NN either_DTX churchmen_NNS (_( and_CC the_ATI ballads_NNS F27 3 ,_, as_IN the_ATI peasants_NNS ,_, do_DO F27 4 reveal_VB an_AT animus_NN against_IN the_ATI richer_JJR cleric_NN )_) F27 4 ,_, or_CC individuals_NNS personally_RB F27 5 associated_VBN with_IN misgovernment_NN or_CC the_ATI abuse_NN of_IN F27 5 office_NN (_( the_ATI sheriff_NN of_IN F27 6 Nottingham's_NP$ chief_JJB crime_NN was_BEDZ clearly_RB abuse_NN of_IN F27 6 his_PP$ official_JJ position_NN )_) ._. F27 7 ^ the_ATI men_NNS who_WPR were_BED attacked_VBN in_IN 1381_CD were_BED F27 7 persons_NNS such_IN as_IN" Sudbury_NP and_CC F27 8 Hales_NP and_CC Legge_NP ,_, whose_WP$R names_NNS were_BED linked_VBN F27 8 with_IN the_ATI imposition_NN of_IN the_ATI F27 9 poll_NN tax_NN ;_; John_NP of_IN Gaunt_NP ,_, who_WPR was_BEDZ F27 9 suspected_VBN of_IN designs_NNS on_IN the_ATI throne_NN ,_, F27 10 and_CC his_PP$ affinity_NN :_: and_CC the_ATI lawyers_NNS ,_, from_IN F27 10 justices_NNS like_IN Bealknap_NP and_CC F27 11 Cavendish_NP down_RP to_IN the_ATI apprentices_NNS of_IN the_ATI F27 11 Temple_NPL *-_*- the_ATI men_NNS ,_, that_DT is_BEZ ,_, F27 12 who_WPR would_MD have_HV been_BEN individually_RB responsible_JJ for_IN F27 12 resisting_VBG the_ATI F27 13 peasants'_NNS$ claims_NNS at_IN law_NN ,_, when_WRB they_PP3AS F27 13 attempted_VBD to_TO establish_VB their_PP$ free_JJ F27 14 status_NN by_IN exemplifications_NNS out_RP of_IN Domesday_NP ,_, or_CC F27 14 were_BED charged_VBN with_IN F27 15 breaking_VBG the_ATI statute_NN of_IN labourers_NNS ._. ^ in_IN F27 15 other_AP words_NNS the_ATI brunt_NN of_IN the_ATI F27 16 attack_NN in_IN 1381_CD fell_VBD on_IN those_DTS who_WPR were_BED ,_, F27 16 either_DTX professionally_RB or_CC F27 17 personally_RB ,_, directly_RB associated_JJ with_IN political_JJ F27 17 mismanagement_NN or_CC legal_JJ F27 18 oppression_NN ._. ^ it_PP3 was_BEDZ the_ATI same_AP at_IN the_ATI F27 18 time_NN of_IN Cade's_NP$ revolt_NN ,_, when_WRB lesser_JJR F27 19 gentry_NN fought_VBD side_NN by_IN side_NN with_IN the_ATI peasant_NN F27 19 :_: their_PP$ attack_NN was_BEDZ on_IN the_ATI F27 20 politicians_NNS and_CC the_ATI corrupt_JJ Lancastrian_JNP officials_NNS F27 20 ,_, James_NP Fiennes_NP and_CC F27 21 his_PP$ affinity_NN ,_, and_CC the_ATI sheriffs_NNS and_CC F27 21 under-sheriffs_NNS of_IN counties_NNS ._. F27 22 ^ rumours_NNS of_IN plans_NNS for_IN the_ATI wholesale_JJB slaughter_NN F27 22 of_IN the_ATI aristocracy_NN in_IN F27 23 1381_CD ,_, and_CC of_IN the_ATI clergy_NN in_IN 1450_CD ,_, were_BED F27 23 clearly_RB exaggerated_JJ ._. ^ men_NNS of_IN the_ATI F27 24 period_NN ,_, both_ABX humble_JJ and_CC gentle_JJ ,_, accepted_VBD a_AT F27 24 stratified_JJ society_NN :_: what_WDT F27 25 they_PP3AS resented_VBD was_BEDZ the_ATI abuse_NN of_IN official_JJ F27 25 or_CC social_JJ position_NN ,_, and_CC this_DT F27 26 is_BEZ precisely_RB the_ATI attitude_NN which_WDTR the_ATI ballads_NNS F27 26 echo_VB ,_, with_IN their_PP$ detailed_JJ F27 27 catalogue_NN of_IN the_ATI crimes_NNS of_IN men_NNS like_IN the_ATI F27 27 sheriff_NN of_IN Nottingham_NP and_CC the_ATI F27 28 Abbot_NPT of_IN \0St_NPT Mary's_NP$ ._. ^ one_CD1 should_MD not_XNOT F27 28 expect_VB popular_JJ literature_NN to_TO F27 29 concentrate_VB its_PP$ attack_NN on_IN the_ATI manorial_JJ system_NN F27 29 or_CC the_ATI inconvenience_NN of_IN F27 30 villein_NN status_NN ,_, because_CS the_ATI peasants_NNS F27 30 themselves_PPLS did_DOD not_XNOT see_VB their_PP$ F27 31 grievances_NNS in_IN economic_JJ or_CC systematic_JJ terms_NNS :_: F27 31 they_PP3AS saw_VBD them_PP3OS rather_RB in_IN F27 32 terms_NNS of_IN the_ATI personal_JJ viciousness_NN of_IN individual_JJ F27 32 lords_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI men_NNS they_PP3AS F27 33 were_BED after_IN were_BED Hobbe_NP the_ATI robber_NN and_CC the_ATI F27 33 lawyers_NNS who_WPR had_HVD set_VBN F27 34 *'_*' Trewthe_NP under_IN a_AT lokke_NN **'_**' and_CC would_MD F27 34 not_XNOT unfasten_VB it_PP3 for_IN any_DTI F27 35 *'_*' but_CS he_PP3A sing_VB dedero_NN **'_**' ._. F27 36 ^ there_EX are_BER however_RB other_AP reasons_NNS ,_, \0Mr_NPT F27 36 Holt_NP declares_VBZ ,_, why_WRB the_ATI F27 37 ballads_NNS should_MD not_XNOT appeal_VB to_IN a_AT peasant_NN F27 37 audience_NN ._. ^ for_IN instance_NN ,_, the_ATI F27 38 crucial_JJ events_NNS centre_VB round_IN the_ATI county_NN courts_NNS F27 38 ,_, where_WRB the_ATI sheriff_NN and_CC F27 39 the_ATI knights_NNS were_BED the_ATI dominant_JJ figures_NNS ;_; and_CC F27 39 there_EX is_BEZ no_ATI mention_NN in_IN them_PP3OS F27 40 of_IN the_ATI justices_NNS of_IN the_ATI peace_NN ,_, with_IN whom_WPOR F27 40 the_ATI humble_JJ criminal_NN would_MD F27 41 surely_RB have_HV had_HVN more_AP to_TO do_DO ._. ^ the_ATI reason_NN F27 41 for_IN this_DT seems_VBZ ,_, however_RB ,_, to_TO be_BE F27 42 elementary_JJ :_: the_ATI justices_NNS of_IN the_ATI peace_NN could_MD F27 42 not_XNOT declare_VB outlawry_NN ,_, F27 43 which_WDTR had_HVD to_TO be_BE proclaimed_VBN by_IN the_ATI sheriff_NN F27 43 in_IN the_ATI county_NN court_NN ._. ^ that_CS F27 44 peasants_NNS would_MD be_BE unconcerned_JJ about_IN this_DT would_MD F27 44 hardly_RB seem_VB a_AT tenable_JJ F27 45 view_NN in_IN the_ATI light_NN of_IN Wat_NP Tyler's_NP$ demand_NN at_IN F27 45 Smithfield_NP in_IN 1381_CD *'_*' that_CS F27 46 sentence_NN of_IN outlawry_NN be_BE not_XNOT pronounced_VBN F27 46 henceforth_RB in_IN any_DTI process_NN at_IN F27 47 law_NN **'_**' ._. ^ again_RB ,_, \0Mr_NPT Holt_NP asserts_VBZ that_CS F27 47 the_ATI methods_NNS and_CC manner_NN of_IN F27 48 poaching_VBG in_IN the_ATI ballads_NNS are_BER aristocratic_JJ ,_, F27 48 and_CC its_PP$ object_NN sport_NN ,_, not_XNOT F27 49 food_NN ._. ^ what_WDT then_RN of_IN the_ATI outlaws'_NNS$ claim_NN F27 49 in_IN the_ATI Gest_NP of_IN Robyn_NP F27 50 Hode_NP :_: F27 51 *"_*' F27 52 ^ we_PP1AS lyve_VB by_IN our_PP$ kynge"s_NN$ dere_NNS ,_, F27 53 other_AP shyft_NN have_HV not_XNOT wee_PP1AS ._. F27 54 **"_**' F27 55 ^ here_RN surely_RB food_NN is_BEZ the_ATI implied_JJ object_NN F27 55 of_IN poaching_NN ._. ^ that_CS the_ATI F27 56 ballads_NNS make_VB no_ATI mention_NN of_IN the_ATI trapping_NN of_IN F27 56 rabbits_NNS and_CC other_AP lesser_JJR F27 57 game_NN is_BEZ hardly_RB germane_JJ ,_, for_CS the_ATI ballads_NNS F27 57 are_BER certainly_RB intended_VBN to_TO be_BE F27 58 heroic_JJ and_CC this_DT is_BEZ not_XNOT a_AT heroic_JJ topic_NN ._. ^ F27 58 peasant_NN poaching_NN was_BEDZ by_IN no_ATI F27 59 means_NNS confined_VBN to_IN humble_JJ quarry_NN :_: another_DT of_IN F27 59 Wat_NP Tyler's_NP$ demands_NNS in_IN F27 60 1381_CD was_BEDZ that_CS all_ABN warrens_NNS ,_, parks_NNS and_CC F27 60 chases_NNS should_MD be_BE free_JJ ,_, *'_*' so_CS that_CS" F27 61 throughout_IN the_ATI realm_NN ,_, in_IN ..._... the_ATI woods_NNS F27 61 and_CC forests_NNS ,_, poor_JJ as_CC well_CC" as_CC" F27 62 rich_JJ might_MD take_VB wild_JJ beasts_NNS and_CC hunt_VB the_ATI F27 62 hare_NN in_IN the_ATI field_NN **'_**' ._. F27 63 ^ moreover_RB the_ATI manner_NN of_IN poaching_VBG in_IN the_ATI F27 63 ballads_NNS surely_RB stamps_VBZ it_PP3 as_CS F27 64 humble_JJ ._. ^ the_ATI rich_JJ man_NN hunted_VBD with_IN dogs_NNS ,_, F27 64 as_CS the_ATI example_NN of_IN Abbot_NPT Clowne_NP F27 65 of_IN Leicester_NP ,_, whose_WP$R success_NN in_IN breeding_VBG F27 65 hounds_NNS earned_VBD him_PP3O the_ATI respect_NN F27 66 of_IN the_ATI highest_JJT in_IN the_ATI realm_NN ,_, reminds_VBZ F27 66 us_PP1OS ._. ^ the_ATI outlaws_NNS shot_VBD their_PP$ deer_NNS F27 67 with_IN the_ATI bow_NN ,_, which_WDTR was_BEDZ not_XNOT the_ATI F27 67 weapon_NN of_IN the_ATI aristocrat_NN ._. ^ the_ATI great_JJ F27 68 schools_NNS of_IN English_JNP archery_NN were_BED the_ATI village_NN F27 68 butts_NNS ,_, and_CC it_PP3 was_BEDZ from_IN F27 69 among_IN the_ATI men_NNS who_WPR had_HVD learned_VBN their_PP$ skill_NN F27 69 there_RN that_CS Edward_NP 3_CD F27 70 recruited_VBD his_PP$ longbowmen_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI military_JJ F27 70 importance_NN of_IN the_ATI archer_NN led_VBD F27 71 Edward_NP to_TO make_VB archery_NN contests_NNS compulsory_JJ on_IN F27 71 feast_NN days_NNS ,_, but_CC it_PP3 never_RB F27 72 earned_VBD the_ATI archer_NN social_JJ status_NN ._. ^ the_ATI F27 72 poachers_NNS of_IN Sherwood_NP ,_, whose_WP$R F27 73 skill_NN proved_VBD so_QL useful_JJ at_IN Halidon_NP Hill_NPL in_IN F27 73 1333_CD ,_, were_BED not_XNOT sporting_JJ F27 74 gentry_NN ,_, but_CC men_NNS arrayed_VBN from_IN among_IN those_DTS F27 74 humble_JJ people_NNS whom_WPOR the_ATI F27 75 statute_NN of_IN Winchester_NP had_HVD commanded_VBN to_TO keep_VB F27 75 *'_*' bows_NNS and_CC arrows_NNS out_RP of_IN F27 76 the_ATI forest_NN ,_, and_CC in_IN the_ATI forest_NN bows_NNS and_CC F27 76 bolts_NNS **'_**' ._. ^ Edward_NP 1_CD1 had_HVD F27 77 clearly_RB realised_VBN to_IN what_WDT use_NN men_NNS who_WPR had_HVD F27 77 less_AP than_IN twenty_CD marks_NNS in_IN F27 78 goods_NNS and_CC who_WPR lived_VBD in_IN the_ATI forest_NN would_MD F27 78 put_VB their_PP$ arrows_NNS ,_, and_CC F27 79 protected_VBD his_PP$ venison_NN accordingly_RB ._. F27 80 ^ the_ATI arguments_NNS which_WDTR are_BER said_VBN to_TO F27 80 preclude_VB the_ATI ballads_NNS from_IN F27 81 appealing_VBG primarily_RB to_IN a_AT peasant_NN audience_NN seem_VB F27 81 therefore_RB to_TO be_BE weak_JJ F27 82 ones_CD1S ._. ^ what_WDT then_RN of_IN the_ATI positive_JJ F27 82 arguments_NNS for_IN their_PP$ being_BEG composed_VBN F27 83 for_IN gentle_JJ ears_NNS ?_? ^ \0Mr_NPT Holt_NP says_VBZ that_CS F27 83 the_ATI knightly_JJ class_NN is_BEZ F27 84 consistently_RB treated_VBN with_IN favour_NN in_IN them_PP3OS ._. ^ F27 84 it_PP3 is_BEZ true_JJ that_CS in_IN the_ATI F27 85 Gest_NP Sir_NPT Richard_NP atte_IN Lee_NP is_BEZ on_IN the_ATI side_NN F27 85 of_IN light_NN and_CC that_CS F27 86 Gamelyn_NP was_BEDZ a_AT knight's_NN$ son_NN ._. ^ what_WDT ,_, F27 86 however_RB ,_, are_BER we_PP1AS to_TO make_VB of_IN the_ATI F27 87 county_NN knights_NNS in_IN the_ATI tale_NN of_IN Gamelyn_NP ,_, who_WPR F27 87 were_BED ready_JJ to_IN a_AT man_NN to_TO F27 88 conspire_VB with_IN Gamelyn's_NP$ villainous_JJ elder_JJR brother_NN F27 88 to_TO cheat_VB the_ATI boy_NN of_IN F27 89 his_PP$ inheritance_NN ?_? ^ what_WDT are_BER we_PP1AS to_TO say_VB F27 89 of_IN Alan_NP a'Dale_NP ,_, who_WPR but_IN for_IN" F27 90 Robin_NP Hood_NP would_MD have_HV died_VBN broken-hearted_JJ because_CS F27 90 his_PP$ love_NN was_BEDZ chosen_VBN F27 91 *'_*' to_TO be_BE an_AT old_JJ knight's_NN$ delight_NN ?_? **'_**' ^ F27 91 and_CC from_IN what_WDT class_NN were_BED the_ATI F27 92 sheriffs_NNS and_CC justices_NNS of_IN the_ATI ballads_NNS chosen_VBN F27 92 ,_, if_CS not_XNOT from_IN among_IN the_ATI F27 93 knights_NNS ?_? ^ the_ATI fact_NN is_BEZ that_CS the_ATI knights_NNS F27 93 as_IN a_AT class_NN are_BER not_XNOT treated_VBN F27 94 consistently_RB in_IN the_ATI ballads_NNS ,_, which_WDTR in_IN my_PP$ F27 94 submission_NN is_BEZ what_WDT we_PP1AS should_MD F27 95 expect_VB ._. ^ the_ATI commons_NNS had_HVD no_ATI animus_NN against_IN F27 95 social_JJ rank_NN as_IN such_ABL :_: what_WDT F27 96 they_PP3AS resented_VBD was_BEDZ the_ATI lordship_NN of_IN unjust_JJ F27 96 men_NNS and_CC their_PP$ corrupt_JJ F27 97 practices_NNS ._. ^ their_PP$ political_JJ horizons_NNS were_BED F27 97 limited_JJ and_CC local_JJ :_: their_PP$ F27 98 grievances_NNS were_BED specific_JJ ._. ^ their_PP$ appeal_NN in_IN F27 98 1381_CD was_BEDZ to_IN specified_JJ F27 99 rights_NNS of_IN ancient_JJ standing_NN ,_, to_IN charters_NNS of_IN F27 99 Cnut_NP and_CC Offa_NP and_CC to_IN F27 100 Domesday_NP book_NN :_: in_IN 1450_CD they_PP3AS drew_VBD up_RP F27 100 their_PP$ complaints_NNS in_IN a_AT list_NN ,_, F27 101 setting_VBG them_PP3OS out_RP one_CD1 by_IN one_CD1 ._. ^ and_CC on_IN F27 101 both_ABX occasions_NNS they_PP3AS limited_VBD their_PP$ F27 102 governmental_JJ demands_NNS to_IN the_ATI removal_NN of_IN evil_JJ F27 102 councillors_NNS and_CC officials_NNS ._. F27 103 ^ so_RB in_IN the_ATI outlaw_NN stories_NNS the_ATI final_JJ F27 103 resolution_NN is_BEZ the_ATI substitution_NN of_IN F27 104 just_JJ men_NNS for_IN corrupt_JJ officials_NNS :_: the_ATI way_NN F27 104 to_TO set_VB the_ATI world_NN to_IN rights_NNS is_BEZ F27 105 not_XNOT to_TO reform_VB the_ATI system_NN ,_, but_CC to_TO kill_VB F27 105 the_ATI Sheriff_NPT of_IN Nottingham_NP and_CC to_TO F27 106 make_VB Gamelyn_NP Chief_NPT Justice_NPT of_IN the_ATI Forest_NPL ._. ^ F27 106 hero_NN and_CC villain_NN are_BER F27 107 differentiated_VBN in_IN the_ATI manner_NN which_WDTR a_AT medieval_JJ F27 107 audience_NN would_MD have_HV F27 108 understood_VBN ,_, by_IN distinction_NN of_IN personal_JJ character_NN F27 108 rather_RB than_IN social_JJ F27 109 class_NN ._. ^ the_ATI knights_NNS are_BER not_XNOT all_RB good_JJ F27 109 or_CC all_RB bad_JJ :_: Gamelyn_NP ,_, the_ATI outlaw_NN F27 110 King_NPT ,_, is_BEZ the_ATI hero_NN ,_, and_CC his_PP$ brother_NN ,_, F27 110 the_ATI sheriff_NN ,_, is_BEZ the_ATI villain_NN ,_, but_CC F27 111 both_ABX are_BER born_VBN of_IN the_ATI same_AP father_NN and_CC F27 111 are_BER of_IN the_ATI same_AP social_JJ standing_NN ._. F27 112 ^ neither_DTX the_ATI attitude_NN expressed_VBN in_IN the_ATI F27 112 ballads_NNS towards_IN persons_NNS of_IN F27 113 high_JJ social_JJ status_NN nor_CC their_PP$ attitude_NN towards_IN F27 113 social_JJ problems_NNS seem_VB F27 114 necessarily_RB to_TO associate_VB them_PP3OS with_IN the_ATI views_NNS F27 114 of_IN the_ATI knightly_JJ class_NN ._. F27 115 ^ \0Mr_NPT Holt_NP claims_VBZ that_CS their_PP$ appeal_NN to_IN this_DT F27 115 section_NN of_IN the_ATI community_NN F27 116 is_BEZ also_RB revealed_VBN by_IN the_ATI background_NN of_IN the_ATI F27 116 stories_NNS ,_, which_WDTR he_PP3A describes_VBZ F27 117 as_IN that_DT of_IN *'_*' maintenance_NN and_CC misgovernment_NN at_IN F27 117 their_PP$ worst_JJT ,_, of_IN baronial_JJ F27 118 and_CC border_NN warfare_NN **'_**' ,_, subjects_NNS of_IN primary_JJ F27 118 interest_NN to_IN the_ATI gentry_NN and_CC F27 119 to_IN the_ATI northern_JJ gentry_NN at_IN that_DT ._. ^ I_PP1A have_HV F27 119 failed_VBN to_TO find_VB a_AT single_JJ F27 120 reference_NN to_IN border_NN warfare_NN in_IN any_DTI of_IN the_ATI F27 120 genuinely_RB early_JJ Robin_NP Hood_NP F27 121 ballads_NNS ._. ^ this_DT is_BEZ the_ATI more_QL surprising_JJ ,_, F27 121 since_CS certain_JJ incidents_NNS F27 122 recounted_VBN of_IN Robin_NP Hood_NP in_IN the_ATI ballads_NNS are_BER F27 122 also_RB told_VBN of_IN border_NN heroes_NNS ._. F27 123 ^ the_ATI outlaw_NN Murray_NP of_IN Ettrick_NP Forest_NPL warred_VBD F27 123 on_IN the_ATI *'_*' southrons_NNS **'_**' at_IN F27 124 the_ATI head_NN of_IN a_AT band_NN clad_JJ in_IN Lincoln_NP green_NN F27 124 ,_, and_CC William_NP Wallace_NP ,_, F27 125 according_IN to_IN" Blind_NP Harry_NP ,_, adopted_VBD the_ATI F27 125 classical_JJ outlaw's_NN$ disguise_NN of_IN a_AT F27 126 potter_NN to_TO spy_VB on_IN his_PP$ enemies_NNS ._. ^ this_DT F27 126 disguise_NN was_BEDZ used_VBN by_IN Eustace_NP the_ATI F27 127 Monk_NP ,_, the_ATI central_JJ figure_NN of_IN a_AT F27 127 thirteenth-century_JJB romance_NN ,_, and_CC by_IN Robin_NP F27 128 Hood_NP ._. ^ incidents_NNS in_IN another_DT French_JNP romance_NN F27 128 of_IN the_ATI same_AP period_NN ,_, that_DT of_IN F27 129 Fulk_NP Fitzwarin_NP ,_, also_RB resemble_VB stories_NNS told_VBN of_IN F27 129 Robin_NP Hood_NP ,_, as_CS do_DO some_DTI F27 130 of_IN the_ATI incidents_NNS in_IN the_ATI story_NN of_IN Hereward_NP F27 130 the_ATI Wake_NP ._. ^ since_CS a_AT great_JJ F27 131 deal_NN of_IN the_ATI matter_NN common_JJ to_IN these_DTS stories_NNS F27 131 (_( for_IN instance_NN the_ATI F27 132 chivalrous_JJ episodes_NNS ,_, the_ATI fights_NNS with_IN giants_NNS F27 132 and_CC dragons_NNS ,_, and_CC the_ATI F27 133 scenes_NNS of_IN courtly_JJ love_NN )_) are_BER clearly_RB intended_VBN F27 133 for_IN an_AT aristocratic_JJ F27 134 audience_NN ,_, \0Mr_NPT Holt_NP argues_VBZ that_CS the_ATI Robin_NP F27 134 Hood_NP ballads_NNS were_BED meant_VBN for_IN F27 135 the_ATI same_AP ears_NNS ._. ^ what_WDT seems_VBZ to_IN me_PP1O F27 135 significant_JJ ,_, however_RB ,_, is_BEZ that_CS while_CS F27 136 the_ATI romances_NNS share_VB these_DTS common_JJ themes_NNS with_IN F27 136 the_ATI story_NN of_IN William_NP F27 137 Wallace_NP ,_, which_WDTR concerns_VBZ knightly_JJ struggles_NNS in_IN F27 137 Scotland_NP and_CC on_IN the_ATI F27 138 border_NN ,_, courtly_JJ and_CC chivalrous_JJ material_NN are_BER F27 138 entirely_RB lacking_JJ from_IN the_ATI F27 139 story_NN of_IN Robin_NP Hood_NP ._. ^ in_IN other_AP words_NNS ,_, F27 139 it_PP3 looks_VBZ as_CS if_CS" the_ATI matter_NN common_JJ F27 140 to_IN these_DTS knightly_JJ tales_NNS and_CC to_IN the_ATI outlaw_NN F27 140 ballads_NNS is_BEZ not_XNOT in_IN the_ATI latter_AP F27 141 case_NN derivative_JJ ,_, but_CC is_BEZ the_ATI result_NN of_IN F27 141 borrowing_VBG from_IN the_ATI same_AP source_NN ._. F27 142 ^ moreover_RB ,_, the_ATI omission_NN from_IN the_ATI ballads_NNS of_IN F27 142 chivalrous_JJ material_NN and_CC of_IN F27 143 references_NNS ,_, for_IN instance_NN ,_, to_IN the_ATI border_NN F27 143 wars_NNS ,_, surely_RB suggests_VBZ that_CS F27 144 they_PP3AS were_BED aimed_VBN not_XNOT at_IN the_ATI same_AP F27 144 audience_NN as_IN the_ATI longer_JJR romances_NNS ,_, but_CC F27 145 at_IN a_AT different_JJ one_CD1 which_WDTR was_BEDZ less_QL F27 145 interested_JJ in_IN these_DTS subjects_NNS ._. F27 146 ^ that_CS this_DT was_BEDZ the_ATI case_NN is_BEZ confirmed_VBN F27 146 both_ABX by_IN the_ATI testimony_NN of_IN the_ATI F27 147 earliest_JJT references_NNS to_IN Robin_NP Hood_NP in_IN the_ATI F27 147 chronicles_NNS ,_, and_CC by_IN the_ATI F27 148 consistently_RB favourable_JJ attitude_NN of_IN the_ATI outlaws_NNS F27 148 of_IN story_NN towards_IN the_ATI F27 149 poorer_JJR classes_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI outlaws_NNS were_BED not_XNOT F27 149 always_RB poor_JJ men_NNS ,_, but_CC the_ATI poor_JJ F27 150 man_NN did_DOD not_XNOT demand_VB that_DT ._. ^ he_PP3A demanded_VBD F27 150 kindness_NN ,_, good_JJ lordship_NN to_TO F27 151 engage_VB his_PP$ fidelity_NN ,_, and_CC this_DT is_BEZ what_WDT F27 151 the_ATI outlaw_NN gave_VBD ._. ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ the_ATI F27 152 theme_NN of_IN Robin_NP Hood's_NP$ famous_JJ advice_NN :_: F27 153 *"_*' F27 154 ^ but_CC loke_VB ye_PP2 do_DO no_ATI husbonde_NN harm_NN ,_, F27 155 that_WPR tilleth_VBZ with_IN his_PP$ ploughe_NN ._. F27 156 **"_**' F27 157 ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ the_ATI theme_NN ,_, too_RB ,_, of_IN his_PP$ F27 157 final_JJ epitaph_NN in_IN the_ATI Gest_NP :_: F27 158 *"_*' F27 159 ^ for_CS he_PP3A was_BEDZ a_AT good_JJ outlawe_NN ,_, F27 160 and_CC dyde_DOD pore_JJ men_NNS moch_AP god_NN ._. F27 161 **"_**' F27 162 ^ how_WRB the_ATI outlaw_NN was_BEDZ rewarded_VBN is_BEZ told_VBN F27 162 in_IN the_ATI tale_NN of_IN Gamelyn_NP :_: F27 163 the_ATI knights_NNS of_IN the_ATI county_NN might_MD conspire_VB to_TO F27 163 cheat_VB him_PP3O ,_, but_CC his_PP$ F27 164 villeins_NNS were_BED faithful_JJ even_RB in_IN the_ATI hour_NN of_IN F27 164 extreme_JJ misfortune_NN :_: F27 165 *"_*' F27 166 ^ tho_RN were_BED his_PP$ bonde-men_NNS sory_JJ and_CC nothing_PN F27 166 glad_JJ F27 167 when_WRB Gamelyn_NP her_PP$ lord_NN wolves_NNS heed_NN was_BEDZ F27 167 cryed_VBN and_CC maad_VBN ._. F27 168 **"_**' F27 169 ^ it_PP3 was_BEDZ to_TO protect_VB them_PP3OS against_IN the_ATI F27 169 oppressions_NNS of_IN their_PP$ new_JJ F27 170 master_NN that_CS Gamelyn_NP came_VBD to_IN the_ATI Moot_NP Hall_NPL F27 170 ,_, where_WRB he_PP3A was_BEDZ arrested_VBN and_CC F27 171 bound_VBN by_IN the_ATI sheriff_NN ._. ^ whether_CS he_PP3A is_BEZ F27 171 like_IN Gamelyn_NP a_AT knight_NN or_CC like_IN F27 172 Robin_NP Hood_NP a_AT yeoman_NN ,_, the_ATI outlaw_NN hero_NN of_IN F27 172 the_ATI fourteenth-_JJB and_CC F27 173 fifteenth-century_JJB stories_NNS is_BEZ the_ATI friend_NN of_IN F27 173 the_ATI poor_JJ :_: he_PP3A is_BEZ not_XNOT F27 174 consistently_RB the_ATI friend_NN of_IN the_ATI knight_NN ._. F27 175 ^ the_ATI word_NN *'_*' poor_NC **'_**' ,_, as_CS I_PP1A have_HV F27 175 used_VBN it_PP3 here_RN ,_, does_DOZ require_VB a_AT gloss_NN ._. F27 176 ^ the_ATI poor_JJ men_NNS of_IN the_ATI outlaw_NN ballads_NNS are_BER F27 176 not_XNOT ,_, certainly_RB ,_, F27 177 thirteenth-century_JJB villeins_NNS ,_, bound_VBN down_RP by_IN F27 177 ancestral_JJ thraldom_NN and_CC F27 178 working_VBG three_CD days_NNS a_AT week_NN on_IN their_PP$ lord's_NN$ F27 178 land_NN ._. ^ they_PP3AS are_BER mostly_RB F27 179 yeomen_NNS ,_, bound_VBN to_IN one_PPLS another_PPLS" by_IN the_ATI F27 179 ties_NNS of_IN *'_*' good_JJ yeomanry_NN **'_**' ,_, proud_JJ ,_, F27 180 independent_JJ and_CC free_JJ ._. ^ because_CS this_DT independence_NN F27 180 of_IN spirit_NN is_BEZ a_AT F27 181 striking_JJ feature_NN of_IN the_ATI outlaw_NN ballads_NNS ,_, \0Mr_NPT F27 181 Holt_NP has_HVZ drawn_VBN a_AT sharp_JJ F27 182 distinction_NN between_IN the_ATI yeoman_NN and_CC the_ATI peasant_NN F27 182 ._. ^ he_PP3A defines_VBZ the_ATI word_NN F27 183 yeoman_NN as_CS meaning_VBG a_AT special_JJ kind_NN of_IN household_NN F27 183 servant_NN ,_, in_IN rank_NN only_RB a_RB F27 184 little_RB" inferior_JJ to_IN the_ATI squire_NN and_CC quite_RB F27 184 possibly_RB of_IN gentle_JJ breeding_NN ._. F27 185 ^ I_PP1A doubt_VB very_QL much_RB whether_CS the_ATI word_NN can_MD F27 185 be_BE limited_VBN to_IN this_DT meaning_NN in_IN F27 186 fourteenth-_JJB or_CC fifteenth-century_JJB usage_NN ,_, and_CC this_DT F27 186 is_BEZ after_IN all_ABN the_ATI F27 187 period_NN in_IN which_WDTR the_ATI ballads_NNS as_CS we_PP1AS know_VB F27 187 them_PP3OS were_BED composed_VBN ._. ^ I_PP1A do_DO not_XNOT F27 188 see_VB how_WRB such_ABL a_AT meaning_NN can_MD be_BE squared_VBN F27 188 with_IN the_ATI reference_NN to_IN *'_*' genz_&FW F27 189 de_&FW mestre_&FW et_&FW d'artifice_&FW appellez_&FW yomen_&FW **'_**' F27 189 in_IN the_ATI parliament_NN roll_NN of_IN F27 190 1363_CD ,_, or_CC with_IN Barbour's_NP$ description_NN of_IN yeomen_NNS F27 190 who_WPR fight_VB *'_*' apon_IN F27 191 fut_NN **'_**' *-_*- a_AT most_QL unknightly_JJ situation_NN ._. F28 2 ^ after_IN a_AT long_JJ struggle_NN Wratislaw_NP won_VBD his_PP$ F28 2 case_NN with_IN costs_NNS ,_, and_CC Arnold_NP F28 3 had_HVD to_TO accept_VB the_ATI remaining_JJ Wratislaw_NP and_CC F28 3 Gibb_NP children_NNS even_CS though_CS" F28 4 they_PP3AS knew_VBD no_ATI Latin_NNP ._. ^ however_RB ,_, no_ATI F28 4 general_JJ attempt_NN was_BEDZ made_VBN to_TO restore_VB F28 5 the_ATI lost_JJ forms_NNS ,_, and_CC the_ATI local_JJ children_NNS F28 5 who_WPR happened_VBD to_TO attend_VB in_IN spite_IN" F28 6 of_IN" the_ATI headmaster's_NN$ displeasure_NN had_HVD to_TO be_BE F28 6 coached_VBN specially_RB ._. F28 7 ^ the_ATI Wratislaw_NP case_NN of_IN 1839_CD was_BEDZ the_ATI F28 7 last_AP of_IN the_ATI individual_JJ F28 8 protests_NNS ._. ^ his_PP$ social_JJ position_NN was_BEDZ F28 8 exceptional_JJ ._. ^ as_IN an_AT acknowledged_JJ F28 9 member_NN of_IN a_AT foreign_JJ nobility_NN he_PP3A was_BEDZ the_ATI F28 9 social_JJ superior_NN of_IN everyone_PN F28 10 locally_RB in_IN spite_IN" of_IN" his_PP$ professional_JJ occupation_NN F28 10 ._. ^ without_IN the_ATI English_JNP F28 11 tradition_NN behind_IN him_PP3O he_PP3A was_BEDZ able_JJ to_TO F28 11 question_VB national_JJ and_CC local_JJ F28 12 opinions_NNS on_IN a_AT rational_JJ basis_NN ,_, and_CC this_DT F28 12 independence_NN of_IN mind_NN made_VBD him_PP3O F28 13 and_CC his_PP$ family_NN radicals_NNS in_IN a_AT predominantly_RB F28 13 tory_JJ neighbourhood_NN ._. ^ the_ATI F28 14 probe_NN into_IN his_PP$ own_AP rights_NNS was_BEDZ no_ATI doubt_NN F28 14 as_QL much_RB a_AT reflection_NN of_IN his_PP$ own_AP F28 15 position_NN as_IN a_AT member_NN of_IN the_ATI first_OD generation_NN F28 15 on_IN foreign_JJ soil_NN as_IN a_AT F28 16 consequence_NN of_IN his_PP$ experience_NN as_IN a_AT solicitor_NN F28 16 and_CC his_PP$ ability_NN to_TO assess_VB F28 17 the_ATI legal_JJ position_NN at_IN first_OD hand_NN ._. F28 18 ^ after_IN Wratislaw_NP came_VBD the_ATI revolt_NN of_IN the_ATI F28 18 traders_NNS ._. ^ a_AP few_AP" middle_JJB F28 19 class_NN sons_NNS were_BED always_RB to_TO be_BE found_VBN at_IN F28 19 Rugby_NP School_NPL ,_, but_CC the_ATI numbers_NNS F28 20 from_IN Rugby_NP itself_PPL were_BED few_AP ._. ^ on_IN the_ATI F28 20 other_AP hand_NN acceptance_NN of_IN the_ATI sons_NNS F28 21 of_IN gentry_NN and_CC local_JJ professional_JJ men_NNS *-_*- F28 21 doctors_NNS ,_, bankers_NNS and_CC F28 22 solicitors_NNS *-_*- was_BEDZ a_AT traditional_JJ practice_NN ,_, F28 22 and_CC ,_, more_QL important_JJ still_RB ,_, F28 23 the_ATI sons_NNS of_IN such_ABL parents_NNS were_BED accepted_VBN or_CC F28 23 at_RB least_RB" grudgingly_RB F28 24 tolerated_VBN by_IN the_ATI boys_NNS ._. ^ in_IN the_ATI 1830s_CDS F28 24 and_CC 1840s_CDS these_DTS *'_*' accepted_JJ F28 25 **'_**' groups_NNS sent_VBD numbers_NNS varying_VBG from_IN five_CD F28 25 to_IN seventeen_CD in_IN each_DT year_NN ,_, while_CS F28 26 the_ATI total_JJ number_NN of_IN traders'_NNS$ sons_NNS was_BEDZ F28 26 only_RB eleven_CD for_IN the_ATI same_AP entire_JJB F28 27 period_NN of_IN twenty_CD years_NNS in_IN spite_IN" of_IN" the_ATI F28 27 large_JJ number_NN of_IN such_ABL children_NNS F28 28 available_JJ ._. ^ the_ATI trader's_NN$ son_NN had_HVD a_AT very_QL F28 28 tough_JJ time_NN ._. ^ at_IN the_ATI least_AP he_PP3A F28 29 was_BEDZ ostracised_VBN and_CC at_IN the_ATI worst_JJT severely_RB F28 29 bullied_VBN ,_, particularly_RB in_IN the_ATI F28 30 lower_JJR forms_NNS ._. ^ there_EX is_BEZ overwhelming_JJ evidence_NN F28 30 of_IN this_DT both_ABX from_IN outside_IN F28 31 and_CC inside_IN the_ATI school_NN ,_, and_CC enough_DTI of_IN it_PP3 F28 31 was_BEDZ known_VBN locally_RB to_TO prevent_VB F28 32 the_ATI middle_JJB classes_NNS generally_RB from_IN risking_VBG F28 32 their_PP$ children_NNS ._. ^ on_IN the_ATI F28 33 other_AP hand_NN there_EX was_BEDZ no_ATI provision_NN for_IN F28 33 middle_JJB class_NN education_NN in_IN the_ATI F28 34 town_NN before_IN 1840_CD apart_IN from_IN" a_AT special_JJ group_NN F28 34 at_IN the_ATI lower_JJR class_NN school_NN ,_, F28 35 and_CC the_ATI main_JJB mass_NN went_VBD elsewhere_RB *-_*- a_AP F28 35 few_AP" walked_VBD to_IN Barnwell_NP and_CC F28 36 Sheasby's_NP$ School_NPL at_IN Bilton_NP ,_, while_CS others_APS F28 36 went_VBD as_IN boarders_NNS to_IN F28 37 neighbouring_JJ towns_NNS ,_, Daventry_NP ,_, Hinckley_NP ,_, F28 37 Husbands_NP Bosworth_NP ,_, Atherstone_NP ._. F28 38 ^ this_DT was_BEDZ expensive_JJ and_CC even_RB later_RBR ,_, when_WRB F28 38 a_AT middle_JJB class_NN day_NN academy_NN F28 39 was_BEDZ set_VBN up_RP ,_, the_ATI cost_NN varied_VBD from_IN *+6_NNU F28 39 to_IN *+10_NNU \0p.a_NNU depending_VBG on_IN the_ATI F28 40 number_NN of_IN extras_NNS ._. ^ over_IN Rugby_NP School_NPL the_ATI F28 40 traders_NNS were_BED in_IN a_AT dilemma_NN for_CS F28 41 they_PP3AS were_BED dependent_JJ on_IN it_PP3 for_IN trade_NN while_CS F28 41 the_ATI headmasters_NNS actively_RB F28 42 discouraged_VBN use_NN of_IN the_ATI school_NN ._. ^ the_ATI F28 42 declaration_NN of_IN a_AT shop_NN out_RP of_IN F28 43 bounds_NNS could_MD bring_VB ruin_NN and_CC there_EX was_BEDZ no_ATI F28 43 lack_NN of_IN precedence_NN for_IN this_DT ._. F28 44 ^ the_ATI traders_NNS were_BED torn_VBN in_IN two_CD directions_NNS ._. F28 44 ^ economy_NN and_CC their_PP$ rights_NNS as_IN F28 45 townfolk_NNS and_CC parents_NNS urged_VBD them_PP3OS to_TO use_VB F28 45 the_ATI school_NN ,_, while_CS economic_JJ F28 46 survival_NN forbade_VBD it_PP3 ._. ^ very_QL few_AP braved_VBD the_ATI F28 46 consequences_NNS and_CC sent_VBD sons_NNS ,_, F28 47 although_CS in_IN one_CD1 or_CC two_CD cases_NNS like_IN the_ATI F28 47 Sale_NP and_CC Edmunds_NP families_NNS there_EX F28 48 was_BEDZ a_AT long_JJ tradition_NN of_IN usage_NN ._. ^ while_CS F28 48 the_ATI school_NN prospered_VBD the_ATI traders_NNS F28 49 had_HVD the_ATI satisfaction_NN of_IN sharing_VBG in_IN the_ATI F28 49 prosperity_NN even_CS if_CS" denied_VBN their_PP$ F28 50 birthright_NN ,_, yet_RB ,_, when_WRB adversity_NN came_VBD under_IN F28 50 the_ATI headmastership_NN of_IN F28 51 Goulburn_NP from_IN 1850_CD to_IN 1857_CD they_PP3AS lost_VBD both_ABX F28 51 ways_NNS :_: F28 52 *"_*' F28 53 ..._... the_ATI reason_NN why_WRB the_ATI inhabitants_NNS do_DO F28 53 not_XNOT avail_VB themselves_PPLS of_IN the_ATI F28 54 privilege_NN (_( of_IN educating_VBG their_PP$ sons_NNS at_IN Rugby_NP F28 54 School_NPL )_) is_BEZ their_PP$ general_JJ F28 55 apathy_NN ,_, supineness_NN and_CC dread_NN of_IN losing_VBG the_ATI F28 55 patronage_NN of_IN the_ATI masters_NNS ,_, F28 56 who_WPR derive_VB their_PP$ income_NN from_IN the_ATI charity_NN ._. F28 57 **"_**' F28 58 ^ even_RB so_RB four_CD traders_NNS took_VBD courage_NN and_CC F28 58 submitted_VBD sons_NNS (_( 1855_CD )_) ,_, but_CC F28 59 the_ATI next_AP year_NN the_ATI number_NN was_BEDZ down_RP to_IN F28 59 one_CD1 ,_, and_CC reduced_VBN again_RB the_ATI next_AP F28 60 year_NN ._. ^ however_RB ,_, with_IN a_AT new_JJ headmaster_NN ,_, F28 60 the_ATI situation_NN changed_VBD F28 61 dramatically_RB ._. ^ within_IN months_NNS the_ATI prosperity_NN of_IN F28 61 the_ATI town_NN was_BEDZ restored_VBN F28 62 and_CC for_IN two_CD successive_JJ years_NNS they_PP3AS sent_VBD F28 62 sons_NNS to_IN the_ATI school_NN in_IN F28 63 increasing_VBG numbers_NNS *-_*- five_CD traders_NNS being_BEG F28 63 involved_VBN in_IN 1858_CD and_CC twelve_CD in_IN F28 64 1859_CD ._. ^ but_CC that_DT was_BEDZ the_ATI end_NN ._. ^ middle_JJB F28 64 class_NN initiative_NN declined_VBD rapidly_RB F28 65 never_RB to_TO be_BE renewed_VBN ,_, and_CC this_DT was_BEDZ in_IN F28 65 effect_NN ,_, the_ATI last_AP defiance_NN of_IN F28 66 tradition_NN by_IN the_ATI local_JJ traders_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI F28 66 explanation_NN of_IN this_DT episode_NN is_BEZ F28 67 linked_VBN with_IN the_ATI background_NN of_IN the_ATI new_JJ F28 67 headmaster_NN ,_, Frederick_NP Temple_NP ._. F28 68 ^ he_PP3A was_BEDZ knowledgable_JJ in_IN the_ATI social_JJ sense_NN F28 68 by_IN his_PP$ association_NN F28 69 with_IN the_ATI lower_JJR classes_NNS generally_RB and_CC the_ATI F28 69 workhouse_NN in_RB particular_RB" F28 70 through_IN his_PP$ principalship_NN at_IN Kneller_NP Hall_NPL ,_, a_AT F28 70 college_NN designed_VBN to_TO F28 71 produce_VB teachers_NNS of_IN children_NNS in_IN the_ATI workhouses_NNS F28 71 of_IN the_ATI country_NN ._. ^ it_PP3 was_BEDZ F28 72 reasonable_JJ to_TO suppose_VB that_CS such_ABL a_AT man's_NN$ F28 72 sympathies_NNS would_MD be_BE wide_JJ and_CC F28 73 not_XNOT geared_VBN specifically_RB to_IN the_ATI upper_JJB classes_NNS F28 73 ._. ^ this_DT view_NN was_BEDZ F28 74 strengthened_VBN by_IN the_ATI fact_NN that_CS he_PP3A had_HVD F28 74 written_VBN only_RB two_CD years_NNS before_RI a_AT F28 75 paper_NN on_IN national_JJ education_NN ,_, through_IN which_WDTR F28 75 he_PP3A had_HVD become_VBN one_CD1 of_IN the_ATI F28 76 champions_NNS of_IN middle_JJB class_NN education_NN ._. ^ his_PP$ F28 76 scheme_NN had_HVD involved_VBN a_AT F28 77 reassessment_NN of_IN the_ATI 704_CD grammar_NN schools_NNS ._. ^ F28 77 while_CS he_PP3A felt_VBD that_CS the_ATI great_JJ F28 78 public_JJ schools_NNS were_BED justified_VBN in_IN clinging_VBG on_RP F28 78 to_IN the_ATI classics_NNS ,_, F28 79 elsewhere_RB it_PP3 was_BEDZ a_AT mistake_NN ._. ^ to_IN the_ATI F28 79 traders_NNS of_IN Rugby_NP his_PP$ words_NNS must_MD F28 80 have_HV sounded_VBN almost_RB prophetic_JJ :_: F28 81 *"_*' F28 82 ^ they_PP3AS (_( grammar_NN schools_NNS )_) were_BED intended_VBN F28 82 for_IN the_ATI education_NN of_IN the_ATI F28 83 whole_JJ community_NN ,_, but_CC specially_RB for_IN that_DT of_IN F28 83 the_ATI middle_JJB classes_NNS ..._... yet_RB F28 84 the_ATI schools_NNS were_BED assuredly_RB not_XNOT intended_VBN for_IN F28 84 the_ATI gentry_NN alone_RB ,_, but_CC F28 85 rather_RB looked_VBD to_IN poverty_NN as_IN a_AT special_JJ F28 85 qualification_NN for_IN admission_NN ._. F28 86 ^ the_ATI middle_JJB classes_NNS were_BED thus_RB marked_VBN out_RP F28 86 as_IN the_ATI chief_JJB objects_NNS of_IN the_ATI F28 87 goodwill_NN of_IN the_ATI founders_NNS ._. F28 88 **"_**' F28 89 ^ or_CC again_RB F28 90 *"_*' F28 91 ._. ^ these_DTS schools_NNS (_( grammar_NN schools_NNS )_) were_BED F28 91 meant_VBN for_IN the_ATI middle_JJB F28 92 classes_NNS :_: they_PP3AS were_BED meant_VBN to_TO teach_VB Greek_NNP F28 92 and_CC Latin_NNP ._. ^ one_CD1 must_MD be_BE F28 93 sacrificed_VBN *-_*- either_DTX the_ATI persons_NNS or_CC the_ATI F28 93 things_NNS ._. ^ can_MD there_EX be_BE a_AT doubt_NN F28 94 which_WDT ought_MD to_TO be_BE sacrificed_VBN ?_? F28 95 **"_**' F28 96 ^ the_ATI whole_JJ trend_NN of_IN his_PP$ writing_NN emphasised_VBD F28 96 the_ATI fact_NN that_CS his_PP$ own_AP F28 97 school_NN ,_, Rugby_NP ,_, was_BEDZ not_XNOT fulfilling_VBG its_PP$ F28 97 real_JJ object_NN ._. ^ Temple_NP was_BEDZ F28 98 embarrassed_JJ and_CC could_MD hardly_RB object_VB to_IN the_ATI F28 98 children_NNS of_IN locals_NNS with_IN the_ATI F28 99 vigour_NN of_IN his_PP$ predecessors_NNS ._. ^ no_ATI wonder_NN that_CS F28 99 traders'_NNS$ children_NNS poured_VBD F28 100 in_RP during_IN 1858_CD and_CC 1859_CD ._. ^ but_CC the_ATI F28 100 experiment_NN was_BEDZ not_XNOT successful_JJ ._. ^ it_PP3 F28 101 was_BEDZ soon_RB clear_JJ that_CS Temple_NP did_DOD not_XNOT really_RB F28 101 welcome_VB his_PP$ new_JJ clients_NNS any_RB F28 102 more_RBR than_CS the_ATI others_APS had_HVD done_VBN ._. ^ any_DTI F28 102 idea_NN of_IN mixing_VBG the_ATI social_JJ classes_NNS F28 103 appalled_VBD him_PP3O ._. ^ in_IN a_AT similar_JJ situation_NN he_PP3A F28 103 was_BEDZ later_RBR to_TO warn_VB the_ATI middle_JJB F28 104 classes_NNS of_IN Rugby_NP most_QL forcibly_RB that_CS they_PP3AS F28 104 would_MD ruin_VB any_DTI middle_JJB class_NN F28 105 school_NN of_IN their_PP$ own_AP if_CS they_PP3AS allowed_VBD entry_NN F28 105 to_IN lower_JJR class_NN children_NNS ._. F28 106 ^ even_RB so_RB headmaster_NN and_CC school_NN had_HVD a_AT F28 106 conscience_NN ,_, and_CC we_PP1AS know_VB that_CS at_IN F28 107 one_CD1 time_NN the_ATI assistant_NN masters_NNS formed_VBD a_AT F28 107 committee_NN of_IN their_PP$ own_AP to_TO F28 108 consider_VB what_WDT could_MD be_BE done_VBN educationally_RB for_IN F28 108 the_ATI town_NN ._. F28 109 ^ so_RB the_ATI second_OD phase_NN of_IN local_JJ resistance_NN F28 109 faded_VBD ._. ^ the_ATI arguments_NNS F28 110 continued_VBD and_CC at_RB least_RB" one_CD1 pamphlet_NN was_BEDZ F28 110 published_VBN ,_, but_CC as_QL far_RB as_CS F28 111 records_NNS indicate_VB the_ATI locality_NN was_BEDZ relatively_RB F28 111 quiet_JJ up_RP to_IN and_CC during_IN F28 112 the_ATI national_JJ clamour_NN that_WPR led_VBD to_IN the_ATI F28 112 setting_NN up_RP of_IN the_ATI public_JJ schools_NNS F28 113 commission_NN ._. ^ eventually_RB ,_, in_IN 1864_CD ,_, when_WRB F28 113 this_DT commission_NN published_VBD its_PP$ F28 114 findings_NNS it_PP3 advised_VBD that_CS any_DTI wishes_NNS of_IN F28 114 the_ATI founder_NN should_MD be_BE ignored_VBN F28 115 since_CS the_ATI modern_JJ town_NN bore_VBD no_ATI resemblance_NN to_IN F28 115 the_ATI Elizabethan_JNP F28 116 counterpart_NN and_CC since_CS Rugby_NP School_NPL was_BEDZ in_IN F28 116 fact_NN a_AT long_JJ standing_JJ F28 117 specialised_JJ boarding_NN school_NN and_CC could_MD not_XNOT be_BE F28 117 altered_VBN ._. ^ their_PP$ F28 118 recommendation_NN was_BEDZ obvious_JJ :_: F28 119 *"_*' F28 120 ^ that_CS the_ATI local_JJ qualification_NN should_MD ,_, in_IN F28 120 course_NN of_IN time_NN ,_, cease_VB to_TO F28 121 confer_VB any_DTI advantage_NN ._. F28 122 **"_**' F28 123 ^ in_IN one_CD1 way_NN the_ATI argument_NN was_BEDZ sound_JJ F28 123 enough_QLP ._. ^ when_WRB Lawrence_NP Sheriff_NP ,_, F28 124 the_ATI founder_NN ,_, made_VBD his_PP$ will_NN in_IN 1567_CD ,_, F28 124 Rugby_NP was_BEDZ a_AT mere_JJB village_NN of_IN 350_CD F28 125 people_NNS ;_; by_IN 1800_CD it_PP3 was_BEDZ a_AT town_NN of_IN F28 125 almost_RB 1,500_CD ._. ^ had_HVD he_PP3A been_BEN able_JJ to_TO F28 126 penetrate_VB two_CD and_CC a_AT half_ABN centuries_NNS of_IN time_NN F28 126 he_PP3A would_MD have_HV recognised_VBN F28 127 nothing_PN ,_, for_CS not_XNOT only_RB had_HVD the_ATI town_NN F28 127 grown_VBN but_CC it_PP3 had_HVD changed_VBN ,_, and_CC the_ATI F28 128 only_AP link_NN with_IN the_ATI past_NN was_BEDZ the_ATI name_NN of_IN F28 128 one_CD1 tavern_NN *-_*- *'_*' the_ATI hen_NN and_CC F28 129 chickens_NNS **'_**' ._. ^ he_PP3A would_MD have_HV found_VBN the_ATI F28 129 people_NNS equally_RB strange_JJ ,_, not_XNOT only_RB F28 130 in_IN name_NN but_CC in_IN habits_NNS ,_, dress_NN and_CC manners_NNS F28 130 ._. ^ only_RB if_CS he_PP3A had_HVD moved_VBN right_RB F28 131 away_RP from_IN the_ATI people_NNS and_CC their_PP$ town_NN would_MD F28 131 he_PP3A have_HV seen_VBN something_PN F28 132 familiar_JJ in_IN the_ATI lie_NN of_IN the_ATI land_NN ,_, the_ATI F28 132 flow_NN of_IN the_ATI Avon_NP ,_, and_CC his_PP$ own_AP F28 133 tiny_JJ hamlet_NN of_IN Brownsover_NP ._. ^ the_ATI town_NN of_IN F28 133 1800_CD ,_, however_RB ,_, bore_VBD no_ATI F28 134 relation_NN whatever_WDT to_IN the_ATI Rugby_NP of_IN Lawrence_NP F28 134 Sheriff_NP ._. ^ but_CC this_DT was_BEDZ not_XNOT F28 135 the_ATI whole_JJ story_NN and_CC it_PP3 is_BEZ a_AT big_JJ step_NN F28 135 from_IN showing_VBG the_ATI weakness_NN of_IN an_AT F28 136 argument_NN to_TO assume_VB that_CS all_ABN claim_NN is_BEZ void_JJ F28 136 and_CC that_CS a_AT decision_NN must_MD be_BE F28 137 made_VBN in_IN favour_NN of_IN the_ATI existing_JJ situation_NN F28 137 where_WRB indeed_RB the_ATI argument_NN was_BEDZ F28 138 considerably_RB weaker_JJR still_RB ._. F28 139 ^ within_IN the_ATI town_NN itself_PPL the_ATI report_NN F28 139 produced_VBD a_AT sensation_NN ._. ^ there_EX F28 140 was_BEDZ real_JJ cause_NN for_IN complaint_NN since_CS the_ATI F28 140 Commissioners_NPTS had_HVD not_XNOT asked_VBN for_IN F28 141 the_ATI opinions_NNS of_IN any_DTI of_IN the_ATI townsfolk_NNS F28 141 proper_JJ ._. ^ from_IN this_DT point_NN of_IN view_NN F28 142 the_ATI report_NN was_BEDZ very_QL one-sided_JJ ._. ^ the_ATI F28 142 Commissioners_NPTS had_HVD produced_VBN a_AT very_QL F28 143 bulky_JJ document_NN in_IN four_CD volumes_NNS but_CC they_PP3AS F28 143 were_BED hardly_RB neutral_JJ observers_NNS ._. F28 144 ^ of_IN the_ATI seven_CD members_NNS ,_, four_CD were_BED in_IN F28 144 titled_JJ aristocratic_JJ families_NNS ,_, four_CD F28 145 were_BED at_IN Eton_NP or_CC had_HVD close_JJ relatives_NNS there_RN F28 145 ,_, one_CD1 went_VBD to_IN Westminster_NP and_CC F28 146 was_BEDZ a_AT governor_NN of_IN Charterhouse_NP ,_, while_CS another_DT F28 146 was_BEDZ an_AT old_JJ Rugbeian_NNP ._. ^ as_IN F28 147 for_IN" the_ATI man_NN who_WPR can_MD not_XNOT thus_RB be_BE F28 147 classified_VBN ,_, he_PP3A was_BEDZ \0W_NP \0H_NP Thompson_NP ,_, F28 148 Regius_NP Professor_NPT of_IN Greek_NNP and_CC future_JJB Master_NPT F28 148 of_IN Trinity_NP ,_, already_RB deeply_RB F28 149 concerned_JJ about_IN the_ATI effects_NNS of_IN reform_NN on_IN his_PP$ F28 149 own_AP college_NN at_IN Cambridge_NP ._. F28 150 ^ the_ATI report_NN produced_VBD a_AT third_OD and_CC F28 150 co-operative_JJ phase_NN in_IN the_ATI town's_NN$ F28 151 fight_NN for_IN its_PP$ rights_NNS ._. ^ previously_RB objection_NN F28 151 had_HVD come_VBN either_DTX from_IN a_AT F28 152 single_JJ member_NN of_IN the_ATI community_NN (_( Wratislaw_NP )_) F28 152 or_CC from_IN the_ATI trader_NN group_NN of_IN F28 153 the_ATI middle_JJB classes_NNS spurred_VBN on_RP by_IN such_ABL men_NNS F28 153 as_IN \0E_NP Edmunds_NP ,_, \0T_NP \0W_NP F28 154 Tipler_NP and_CC \0J_NP Haswell_NP ._. ^ hitherto_RB the_ATI local_JJ F28 154 gentry_NN and_CC professional_JJ F28 155 classes_NNS had_HVD held_VBN aloof_RB for_CS the_ATI school_NN had_HVD F28 155 accepted_VBN their_PP$ sons_NNS readily_RB F28 156 enough_QLP ._. ^ but_CC now_RN the_ATI ban_NN was_BEDZ to_TO apply_VB F28 156 to_IN everyone_PN ,_, gentry_NN as_QL much_RB as_IN F28 157 trader_NN ,_, while_CS the_ATI town_NN would_MD no_RB longer_RBR F28 157 attract_VB rich_JJ residents_NNS merely_RB F28 158 for_IN the_ATI sake_NN of_IN the_ATI education_NN ._. ^ in_IN the_ATI F28 158 matter_NN of_IN justice_NN and_CC in_IN terms_NNS F28 159 of_IN economics_NN the_ATI town_NN was_BEDZ threatened_VBN with_IN F28 159 starvation_NN ._. F28 160 ^ among_IN the_ATI first_OD to_TO react_VB was_BEDZ the_ATI F28 160 headmaster_NN ,_, Temple_NP ,_, himself_PPL ._. ^ he_PP3A F28 161 suggested_VBD that_CS *+600_NNU \0p.a_NNU of_IN the_ATI income_NN F28 161 from_IN the_ATI charity_NN be_BE spent_VBN F28 162 in_IN providing_VBG a_AT separate_JJ school_NN for_IN the_ATI F28 162 middle_JJB classes_NNS of_IN the_ATI town_NN ._. F28 163 ^ fifty_CD local_JJ boys_NNS would_MD be_BE taught_VBN there_RN free_JJ F28 163 and_CC seven_CD boys_NNS a_AT year_NN F28 164 would_MD pass_VB from_IN this_DT school_NN into_IN Rugby_NP School_NPL F28 164 proper_JJ ._. ^ this_DT *'_*' lower_JJR F28 165 **'_**' school_NN was_BEDZ to_TO concentrate_VB on_IN a_AT sound_JJ F28 165 commercial_JJ education_NN of_IN English_NNP ,_, F28 166 writing_NN ,_, mathematics_NN ,_, French_NNP ,_, Latin_NNP ,_, but_CC F28 166 no_ATI Greek_NNP ._. ^ unfortunately_RB F28 167 Temple_NP had_HVD chosen_VBN the_ATI wrong_JJ moment_NN and_CC F28 167 everyone_PN condemned_VBD the_ATI scheme_NN F28 168 since_CS the_ATI offered_JJ *+600_NNU did_DOD not_XNOT begin_VB to_TO F28 168 compare_VB with_IN the_ATI Sheriff_NP F28 169 income_NN of_IN *+5,000_NNU ,_, while_CS a_AT cash_NN settlement_NN F28 169 of_IN the_ATI kind_NN suggested_VBN F28 170 appeared_VBD to_IN some_DTI almost_RB in_IN the_ATI nature_NN of_IN F28 170 a_AT bribe_NN for_IN the_ATI surrender_NN of_IN F28 171 the_ATI town's_NN$ rights_NNS ._. F28 172 ^ the_ATI report_NN of_IN the_ATI public_JJ schools_NNS F28 172 commission_NN was_BEDZ followed_VBN by_IN the_ATI F28 173 public_JJ schools_NNS bill_NN ._. ^ under_IN this_DT free_JJ F28 173 education_NN at_IN Rugby_NP was_BEDZ to_TO cease_VB F28 174 although_CS the_ATI governing_JJ body_NN was_BEDZ to_TO use_VB part_NN F28 174 of_IN the_ATI income_NN for_IN the_ATI F28 175 benefit_NN of_IN the_ATI town_NN ,_, perhaps_RB in_IN the_ATI form_NN F28 175 of_IN a_AT new_JJ school_NN ._. F28 176 ^ this_DT official_JJ proposal_NN met_VBD with_IN even_RB more_AP F28 176 resistance_NN than_IN F28 177 Temple's_NP original_JJ plan_NN ._. ^ all_ABN classes_NNS except_IN F28 177 the_ATI lower_JJR joined_VBD together_RB ._. F28 178 ^ a_AT public_JJ meeting_NN was_BEDZ called_VBN for_IN 22nd_OD March_NR F28 178 1865_CD and_CC a_AT committee_NN F28 179 formed_VBD of_IN the_ATI Rector_NPT ,_, the_ATI brother_NN of_IN F28 179 the_ATI Lord_NPT of_IN the_ATI manor_NN ,_, other_AP F28 180 gentry_NN ,_, a_AT banker_NN ,_, professional_JJ men_NNS and_CC F28 180 traders_NNS ,_, with_IN solicitors_NNS acting_VBG F28 181 as_IN secretaries_NNS and_CC a_AT backing_NN of_IN *+652_NNU to_TO F28 181 cover_VB expenses_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI campaign_NN F28 182 was_BEDZ off_RP to_IN a_AT fine_JJ start_NN but_CC when_WRB a_AT F28 182 petition_NN of_IN protest_NN was_BEDZ opened_VBN for_IN F28 183 the_ATI public_NN to_TO sign_VB ,_, only_RB 200_CD in_IN fact_NN F28 183 did_DOD so_PN ._. ^ in_IN a_AT population_NN of_IN 8,000_CD F28 184 this_DT is_BEZ a_AT very_QL small_JJ number_NN and_CC represents_VBZ F28 184 less_AP than_IN a_AT third_NN of_IN the_ATI F28 185 gentry_NN and_CC middle_JJB class_NN adults_NNS alone_RB ._. ^ the_ATI F28 185 vast_JJ majority_NN of_IN the_ATI gentry_NN F28 186 and_CC most_AP of_IN the_ATI trading_JJ classes_NNS held_VBD aloof_RB F28 186 ._. ^ the_ATI lower_JJR classes_NNS were_BED ,_, F28 187 as_CS always_RB ,_, mere_JJB spectators_NNS ._. ^ this_DT small_JJ F28 187 response_NN was_BEDZ not_XNOT entirely_RB due_JJ F28 188 to_IN apathy_NN for_IN many_AP of_IN the_ATI traders_NNS were_BED F28 188 frightened_JJ of_IN Temple's_NP F28 189 displeasure_NN ,_, and_CC the_ATI gentry_NN who_WPR had_HVD come_VBN F28 189 to_IN the_ATI town_NN specially_RB for_IN the_ATI F28 190 education_NN had_HVD the_ATI welfare_NN of_IN their_PP$ sons_NNS at_IN F28 190 the_ATI school_NN as_IN their_PP$ prime_JJB F28 191 and_CC indeed_RB only_AP consideration_NN ._. F29 2 ^ Ayrshire's_NP$ little_JJ castle_NN ._. F29 3 ^ by_IN Victoria_NP Gaul_NP ._. F29 4 *"_*' F29 5 ^ when_WRB the_ATI last_AP leaf_NN draps_VBZ fae_IN the_ATI auld_JJ F29 5 aish_NN tree_NN ,_, F29 6 the_ATI Boyds_NPS o'_IN Penkill_NP maun_MD cease_VB tae_TO be_BE ._. F29 7 **"_**' F29 8 ^ so_RB runs_VBZ an_AT old_JJ rhyme_NN which_WDTR came_VBD sadly_RB F29 8 true_JJ when_WRB ,_, in_IN 1897_CD ,_, F29 9 there_EX died_VBD Miss_NPT Alice_NP Boyd_NP ,_, 15th_OD Laird_NPT of_IN F29 9 Penkill_NP and_CC the_ATI last_AP of_IN the_ATI F29 10 Boyds_NPS ._. F29 11 ^ her_PP$ brother_NN ,_, Spencer_NP Boyd_NP ,_, 14th_OD Laird_NPT F29 11 ,_, last_AP in_IN the_ATI direct_JJ line_NN ,_, F29 12 and_CC descendant_NN of_IN James_NP Boyd_NP ,_, second_OD son_NN of_IN F29 12 John_NP Boyd_NP of_IN Penkill_NP and_CC F29 13 Trochrig_NP ,_, had_HVD died_VBN in_IN 1867_CD ._. ^ he_PP3A left_VBD F29 13 Penkill_NP to_IN his_PP$ sister_NN ,_, with_IN F29 14 instructions_NNS that_CS ,_, when_WRB she_PP3A died_VBD ,_, it_PP3 F29 14 was_BEDZ to_TO go_VB to_IN the_ATI children_NNS of_IN his_PP$ F29 15 mother's_NN$ second_OD marriage_NN to_IN \0Mr_NPT Henry_NP Courtney_NP F29 15 ._. ^ thus_RB ,_, in_IN 1897_CD ,_, a_AT F29 16 grand-daughter_NN of_IN his_PP$ mother's_NN$ ,_, Eleanor_NP Margaret_NP F29 16 Courtney_NP ,_, became_VBD F29 17 owner_NN of_IN Penkill_NP and_CC assumed_VBD the_ATI name_NN *'_*' F29 17 Courtney-Boyd_NP ,_, **'_**' which_WDTR name_NN F29 18 the_ATI present_JJ owner_NN ,_, her_PP$ half-sister_NN ,_, Miss_NPT F29 18 Evelyn_NP May_NP Courtney_NP ,_, also_RB F29 19 assumed_VBD on_IN succeeding_VBG to_IN the_ATI estate_NN in_IN 1946_CD F29 19 ._. F29 20 ^ Penkill_NP Castle_NPL sits_VBZ ,_, perched_VBN on_IN a_AT hill_NN F29 20 about_RB three_CD miles_NNS from_IN F29 21 Girvan_NP ,_, so_RB hidden_VBN by_IN trees_NNS that_CS it_PP3 is_BEZ F29 21 almost_RB invisible_JJ from_IN the_ATI road_NN ._. F29 22 ^ it_PP3 was_BEDZ built_VBN by_IN Adam_NP Boyd_NP ,_, grandson_NN of_IN F29 22 Robert_NP ,_, Lord_NPT of_IN Kilmarnock_NP ,_, F29 23 around_RB 1450_CD ,_, on_IN land_NN granted_VBN to_IN him_PP3O by_IN F29 23 Alexander_NP 3_CD for_IN assisting_VBG him_PP3O F29 24 at_IN the_ATI battle_NN of_IN Largs_NP ._. F29 25 ^ Penkill_NP was_BEDZ a_AT tall_JJ keep_NN with_IN corner_NN F29 25 turrets_NNS pierced_VBN with_IN F29 26 loop-holes_NNS for_IN defence_NN ._. ^ the_ATI living-room_NN above_IN F29 26 the_ATI basement_NN where_WRB the_ATI F29 27 cattle_NNS were_BED housed_VBN was_BEDZ paved_VBN in_IN red_JJ and_CC F29 27 yellow_JJ tiles_NNS ,_, while_CS ,_, above_IN F29 28 this_DT ,_, was_BEDZ the_ATI Lady's_NPT$ Bower_NP ._. ^ deep_JJ F29 28 glens_NNS made_VBD a_AT natural_JJ moat_NN and_CC there_EX F29 29 was_BEDZ a_AT drawbridge_NN and_CC portcullis_NN (_( found_VBN F29 29 years_NNS later_RBR lying_VBG in_IN a_AT F29 30 blacksmith's_NN$ yard_NN )_) ._. F29 31 ^ the_ATI castle_NN fell_VBD into_IN disrepair_NN ,_, and_CC F29 31 when_WRB ,_, in_IN 1628_CD ,_, Thomas_NP Boyd_NP F29 32 brought_VBD his_PP$ young_JJ love_NN ,_, Marion_NP Mure_NP of_IN F29 32 Rowallan_NP ,_, to_TO view_VB his_PP$ heritage_NN ,_, F29 33 they_PP3AS found_VBD it_PP3 in_IN a_AT sorry_JJ state_NN ._. ^ yet_RB F29 33 ,_, we_PP1AS can_MD imagine_VB Marion_NP ,_, fired_VBN by_IN F29 34 its_PP$ ancient_JJ beauty_NN ,_, crying_VBG ,_, ^ *'_*' Thomas_NP ,_, F29 34 we_PP1AS maun_MD bide_VB in_IN Penkill_NP ._. F29 35 ^ we_PP1AS 'll_MD make_VB it_PP3 a_AT bonnie_JJ hame_NN ._. **'_**' F29 36 ^ and_CC together_RB they_PP3AS did_DOD ._. ^ with_IN Marion's_NP$ F29 36 dowry_NN ,_, walls_NNS were_BED repaired_VBN ,_, F29 37 rooms_NNS added_VBN ,_, and_CC an_AT outside_JJB stair_NN F29 37 built_VBN ._. ^ above_IN its_PP$ doorway_NN was_BEDZ F29 38 inserted_VBN a_AT plaque_NN uniting_VBG the_ATI heraldry_NN of_IN F29 38 both_ABX families_NNS ._. ^ oak_NN chairs_NNS F29 39 (_( still_RB to_TO be_BE seen_VBN today_NR )_) were_BED carved_VBN F29 39 with_IN their_PP$ initials_NNS and_CC the_ATI date_NN ,_, F29 40 1628_CD ._. F29 41 ^ though_CS Penkill_NP descended_VBD from_IN father_NN to_IN son_NN F29 41 till_IN 1750_CD ,_, the_ATI house_NN F29 42 was_BEDZ neglected_VBN ,_, and_CC when_WRB ,_, in_IN 1827_CD ,_, F29 42 Spencer_NP Boyd_NP inherited_VBD Penkill_NP it_PP3 F29 43 had_HVD been_BEN a_AT deserted_JJ ruin_NN for_IN nearly_RB a_AT F29 43 hundred_CD years_NNS ._. ^ however_RB ,_, when_WRB he_PP3A F29 44 came_VBD of_IN age_NN ,_, his_PP$ maternal_JJ English_JNP F29 44 grandfather_NN ,_, William_NP Losh_NP ,_, proud_JJ of_IN F29 45 his_PP$ grandson's_NN$ Scottish_JNP heritage_NN ,_, provided_VBD F29 45 the_ATI necessary_JJ money_NN to_TO F29 46 restore_VB it_PP3 ,_, and_CC ,_, with_IN his_PP$ mother_NN and_CC F29 46 sister_NN ,_, Spencer_NP Boyd_NP made_VBD it_PP3 F29 47 their_PP$ home_NR ._. F29 48 ^ so_RB ,_, in_IN the_ATI 1800's_CDS rose_VBD the_ATI Penkill_NP F29 48 we_PP1AS know_VB ._. ^ probably_RB influenced_VBN F29 49 by_IN the_ATI Victorian_JNP taste_NN for_IN heavy_JJ architecture_NN F29 49 ,_, Spencer_NP caused_VBD to_TO be_BE F29 50 built_VBN a_AT great_JJ tower_NN to_TO enclose_VB a_AT handsome_JJ F29 50 circular_JJ staircase_NN ._. ^ the_ATI F29 51 ruined_JJ staircase_NN and_CC doorway_NN were_BED swept_VBN away_RP F29 51 and_CC passages_NNS and_CC F29 52 ante-rooms_NNS joined_VBD the_ATI staircase_NN to_IN the_ATI rooms_NNS F29 52 of_IN the_ATI keep_NN ._. ^ oak_NN trees_NNS F29 53 on_IN the_ATI estate_NN were_BED used_VBN in_IN the_ATI renovations_NNS F29 53 ._. ^ his_PP$ sister_NN ,_, Alice_NP ,_, a_AT F29 54 woman_NN of_IN fine_JJ ,_, artistic_JJ perception_NN ,_, had_HVD F29 54 the_ATI deep_JJ windows_NNS of_IN the_ATI keep_NN ,_, F29 55 with_IN their_PP$ stone_NN seats_NNS ,_, glazed_VBN with_IN clear_JJ F29 55 glass_NN so_CS that_CS" the_ATI views_NNS from_IN F29 56 each_DT appear_VB like_IN framed_JJ pictures_NNS ._. F29 57 ^ when_WRB their_PP$ mother_NN died_VBD ,_, Alice_NP Boyd_NP ,_, F29 57 wishing_VBG to_TO further_VB her_PP$ F29 58 interest_NN in_IN painting_NN ,_, went_VBD to_IN Newcastle_NP F29 58 School_NPL of_IN art_NN ,_, where_WRB she_PP3A met_VBD F29 59 one_CD1 of_IN the_ATI executive_NN ,_, William_NP Bell_NP Scott_NP ,_, F29 59 painter_NN and_CC poet_NN ._. ^ thus_RB F29 60 began_VBD a_AT close_JJ friendship_NN with_IN him_PP3O and_CC his_PP$ F29 60 wife_NN ._. ^ later_RBR ,_, the_ATI families_NNS F29 61 divided_VBD their_PP$ time_NN between_IN Penkill_NP and_CC London_NP F29 61 ,_, where_WRB Scott_NP was_BEDZ F29 62 appointed_VBN decorative_JJ artist_NN at_IN South_NP Kensington_NP ._. F29 63 ^ during_IN their_PP$ stay_NN in_IN London_NP ,_, the_ATI F29 63 families_NNS met_VBD many_AP famous_JJ people_NNS ,_, F29 64 Holman_NP Hunt_NP ,_, Swinburne_NP ,_, Tennyson_NP ,_, William_NP F29 64 Morris_NP and_CC Dante_NP and_CC F29 65 Christina_NP Rossetti_NP ._. F29 66 ^ Spencer_NP Boyd_NP died_VBD in_IN 1867_CD ,_, and_CC was_BEDZ F29 66 buried_VBN on_IN a_AT wild_JJ day_NN of_IN snow_NN F29 67 in_IN Old_NP Dailly_NP churchyard_NN ._. ^ after_IN her_PP$ F29 67 brother's_NN$ death_NN ,_, Alice_NP Boyd_NP F29 68 commissioned_VBD Scott_NP to_TO paint_VB a_AT mural_NN on_IN the_ATI F29 68 circular_JJ staircase_NN ._. ^ he_PP3A F29 69 chose_VBD to_TO illustrate_VB *'_*' the_ATI King's_NPT$ Quair_NP ,_, F29 69 **'_**' executing_VBG it_PP3 with_IN oil_NN F29 70 pigments_NNS ,_, the_ATI medium_NN being_BEG wax_NN dissolved_VBN in_IN F29 70 turpentine_NN ._. ^ some_DTI of_IN the_ATI F29 71 painting_NN ,_, which_WDTR took_VBD four_CD years_NNS to_TO complete_VB F29 71 ,_, was_BEDZ ruined_VBN by_IN the_ATI lime_NN of_IN F29 72 the_ATI thick_JJ walls_NNS having_HVG not_XNOT yet_RB dried_VBN out_RP F29 72 ,_, and_CC Scott_NP repainted_VBD part_NN in_IN F29 73 zinc_NN ._. ^ though_CS he_PP3A wrote_VBD later_RBR in_IN his_PP$ F29 73 autobiography_NN ,_, ~ *'_*' most_QL probably_RB the_ATI F29 74 pictures_NNS will_MD now_RN remain_VB without_IN change_NN ,_, **'_**' F29 74 part_NN has_HVZ again_RB corroded_VBN ,_, F29 75 but_CC enough_DTI remains_VBZ to_TO show_VB the_ATI brilliance_NN of_IN F29 75 colour_NN and_CC design_NN ._. F29 76 ^ in_IN 1868_CD ,_, Dante_NP Gabriel_NP Rossetti_NP ,_, in_IN F29 76 despair_NN because_IN of_IN" failing_JJ F29 77 eyesight_NN ,_, was_BEDZ invited_VBN to_IN Penkill_NP ._. ^ here_RN F29 77 he_PP3A found_VBD tranquillity_NN in_IN its_PP$ F29 78 worn_JJ battlements_NNS ,_, and_CC in_IN the_ATI rolling_JJ meadows_NNS F29 78 and_CC deep_JJ glens_NNS ._. F29 79 ^ Christina_NP Rossetti_NP came_VBD also_RB to_IN Penkill_NP ,_, and_CC F29 79 wrote_VBD some_DTI of_IN her_PP$ poems_NNS F29 80 in_IN *'_*' windy_JJ room_NN ,_, **'_**' a_AT bedroom_NN at_IN the_ATI F29 80 top_NN of_IN the_ATI keep_NN ._. ^ she_PP3A described_VBD F29 81 Alice_NP Boyd_NP as_IN *'_*' perhaps_RB the_ATI prettiest_JJT ,_, F29 81 handsomest_JJT woman_NN I_PP1A ever_RB met_VBD ._. **'_**' F29 82 ^ Penkill_NP is_BEZ not_XNOT a_AT pretentious_JJ castle_NN ._. ^ F29 82 it_PP3 is_BEZ a_AT well-loved_JJ ,_, F29 83 comfortable_JJ home_NR ever_RB open_JJ to_IN those_DTS who_WPR love_VB F29 83 the_ATI countryside_NN ._. ^ with_IN no_ATI F29 84 rich_JJ furnishings_NNS ,_, it_PP3 yet_RB retains_VBZ ,_, with_IN F29 84 its_PP$ priceless_JJ tapestries_NNS ,_, a_AT F29 85 harmony_NN befitting_VBG its_PP$ ancient_JJ grey_JJ stone_NN ._. F29 86 ^ the_ATI deep_JJ windows_NNS in_IN the_ATI low-roofed_JJ library_NN F29 86 ,_, with_IN its_PP$ grey_JJ velvet_NN F29 87 settee_NN drawn_VBN up_RP to_IN the_ATI fire_NN ,_, look_VB towards_IN F29 87 the_ATI west_NR ,_, the_ATI glowing_JJ F29 88 colours_NNS of_IN orange_NN ,_, red_NN ,_, and_CC blue_NN ,_, in_IN F29 88 the_ATI carpets_NNS ,_, seeming_VBG to_TO vie_VB with_IN F29 89 the_ATI hues_NNS of_IN the_ATI sunset_NN as_CS it_PP3 burns_VBZ over_IN F29 89 Ailsa_NP and_CC Kintyre_NP ._. F29 90 ^ above_RI is_BEZ the_ATI square_JJ drawing-room_NN ,_, with_IN F29 90 rose_JJ carpet_NN and_CC wine_JJ F29 91 curtains_NNS contrasting_VBG with_IN the_ATI deep_JJ blue_JJ F29 91 panelled_JJ roof_NN ._. ^ the_ATI Flemish_JNP F29 92 tapestries_NNS on_IN the_ATI walls_NNS make_VB a_AT fitting_JJ F29 92 background_NN for_IN the_ATI gilt_JJ F29 93 furniture_NN ._. F29 94 ^ the_ATI roof_NN of_IN the_ATI Laird's_NPT$ bedroom_NN ,_, in_IN F29 94 the_ATI 1628_CD part_NN of_IN the_ATI house_NN ,_, F29 95 was_BEDZ painted_VBN by_IN Alice_NP Boyd_NP ,_, whose_WP$R work_NN ,_, F29 95 with_IN that_DT of_IN William_NP Morris_NP ,_, F29 96 appears_VBZ in_IN some_DTI of_IN the_ATI rooms_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI F29 96 dark_JJ oak_NN furniture_NN was_BEDZ carved_VBN by_IN F29 97 Spencer_NP Boyd_NP ._. F29 98 ^ to_IN the_ATI right_NN of_IN the_ATI tower_NN which_WDTR F29 98 dominates_VBZ Penkill_NP is_BEZ the_ATI long_JJ F29 99 addition_NN which_WDTR William_NP Bell_NP Scott_NP designed_VBD in_IN F29 99 1883_CD as_IN a_AT gallery_NN for_IN F29 100 his_PP$ paintings_NNS and_CC those_DTS of_IN Dante_NP Gabriel_NP F29 100 Rossetti_NP ._. ^ now_RN an_AT attractive_JJ F29 101 dining-room_NN ,_, it_PP3 is_BEZ approached_VBN by_IN a_AT passage_NN F29 101 hung_VBN with_IN William_NP Morris_NP F29 102 tapestries_NNS ._. ^ it_PP3 contains_VBZ many_AP fine_JJ paintings_NNS F29 102 and_CC drawings_NNS by_IN Rossetti_NP ,_, F29 103 David_NP Scott_NP (_( whose_WP$R fine_JJ portrait_NN of_IN his_PP$ F29 103 brother_NN William_NP is_BEZ in_IN the_ATI F29 104 national_JJ Gallery_NPL )_) ,_, and_CC William_NP Bell_NP Scott_NP ._. ^ F29 104 the_ATI latter's_AP$ *'_*' Una_NP and_CC the_ATI F29 105 lion_NN **'_**' hangs_VBZ here_RN ._. ^ this_DT room_NN ,_, F29 105 panelled_VBN in_IN pitch_NN pine_NN ,_, contains_VBZ the_ATI F29 106 Chippendale_NP chairs_NNS and_CC gate-legged_JJ table_NN belonging_VBG F29 106 to_IN the_ATI grandfather_NN F29 107 Losh_NP who_WPR helped_VBD to_TO redeem_VB Penkill_NP ._. F29 108 ^ MacDougall_NP chief_NN and_CC the_ATI robber_NN ._. F29 109 ^ by_IN Seton_NP Gordon_NP ._. F29 110 ^ John_NP MacDougall_NP of_IN MacDougall_NP ,_, chief_NN of_IN F29 110 the_ATI clan_NN ,_, lived_VBD in_IN the_ATI F29 111 early_JJ 18th_OD century_NN ._. ^ he_PP3A was_BEDZ usually_RB known_VBN F29 111 as_IN Iain_NP Ciar_NP ,_, which_WDTR may_MD be_BE F29 112 translated_VBN in_IN English_NNP as_IN dark-complexioned_JJ John_NP ._. F29 112 ^ he_PP3A was_BEDZ a_AT leading_JJ F29 113 figure_NN in_IN the_ATI first_OD Jacobite_JNP rising_NN in_IN 1715_CD F29 113 ,_, and_CC on_IN the_ATI suppression_NN of_IN F29 114 that_DT rising_NN was_BEDZ an_AT outlaw_NN for_IN a_AT number_NN of_IN F29 114 years_NNS ._. ^ during_IN his_PP$ F29 115 wanderings_NNS in_IN disguise_NN ,_, he_PP3A crossed_VBD the_ATI sea_NN F29 115 to_IN Ireland_NP in_TO order_TO" to_TO" F29 116 visit_VB the_ATI Earl_NPT of_IN Antrim_NP ,_, his_PP$ kinsman_NN ._. ^ F29 116 at_IN the_ATI edge_NN of_IN a_AT wide_JJ and_CC dark_JJ F29 117 forest_NN ,_, he_PP3A was_BEDZ advised_VBN by_IN a_AT woman_NN he_PP3A F29 117 met_VBD to_TO continue_VB his_PP$ journey_NN F29 118 through_IN open_JJ country_NN ,_, for_CS she_PP3A said_VBD that_CS a_AT F29 118 noted_JJ robber_NN lived_VBD in_IN the_ATI F29 119 forest_NN ,_, and_CC waylaid_VBD anyone_PN who_WPR should_MD pass_VB F29 119 that_DT way_NN ._. ^ she_PP3A told_VBD Iain_NP F29 120 Ciar_NP that_CS ,_, so_QL great_JJ a_AT menace_NN was_BEDZ the_ATI F29 120 robber_NN ,_, the_ATI Earl_NPT of_IN Antrim_NP had_HVD F29 121 offered_VBN a_AT reward_NN of_IN *+1000_NNU to_IN anyone_PN who_WPR F29 121 should_MD slay_VB him_PP3O and_CC bring_VB him_PP3O F29 122 his_PP$ head_NN ._. F29 123 ^ the_ATI MacDougall_NP chief_NN ,_, penniless_JJ and_CC anxious_JJ F29 123 to_TO cross_VB the_ATI sea_NN to_IN F29 124 France_NP to_TO be_BE beyond_IN the_ATI reach_NN of_IN his_PP$ F29 124 enemies_NNS ,_, thought_VBD that_CS this_DT was_BEDZ an_AT F29 125 opportunity_NN not_XNOT to_TO be_BE missed_VBN ._. ^ he_PP3A and_CC F29 125 his_PP$ trusty_JJ companion_NN ,_, F29 126 Livingstone_NP by_IN name_NN ,_, therefore_RB entered_VBD the_ATI F29 126 forest_NN ,_, and_CC as_CS they_PP3AS F29 127 followed_VBD a_AT faint_JJ and_CC devious_JJ track_NN through_IN F29 127 the_ATI dark_JJ undergrowth_NN and_CC F29 128 beneath_IN old_JJ and_CC gnarled_JJ trees_NNS ,_, it_PP3 was_BEDZ F29 128 not_XNOT long_RB before_CS they_PP3AS saw_VBD the_ATI F29 129 famous_JJ robber_NN standing_VBG before_IN them_PP3OS ._. ^ he_PP3A F29 129 demanded_VBD from_IN Iain_NP Ciar_NP his_PP$ F29 130 money_NN or_CC his_PP$ life_NN ._. ^ the_ATI highland_NN chief_NN F29 130 was_BEDZ without_IN more_AP than_IN the_ATI F29 131 proverbial_JJ sixpence_NN ,_, but_CC that_DT was_BEDZ the_ATI last_AP F29 131 thing_NN he_PP3A wished_VBD the_ATI robber_NN F29 132 to_TO know_VB ._. ^ telling_VBG the_ATI highwayman_NN that_CS he_PP3A F29 132 was_BEDZ prepared_VBN to_TO part_VB with_IN F29 133 neither_DTX ,_, he_PP3A challenged_VBD him_PP3O to_IN mortal_JJ F29 133 combat_NN ._. ^ both_ABX men_NNS were_BED expert_JJ F29 134 swordsmen_NNS and_CC the_ATI fight_NN was_BEDZ long_RB and_CC hard_JJ F29 134 ,_, but_CC the_ATI victory_NN was_BEDZ at_RB last_RB" F29 135 gained_VBN by_IN Iain_NP Ciar_NP ,_, who_WPR carried_VBD the_ATI F29 135 robber's_NN$ head_NN to_IN the_ATI Earl_NPT of_IN F29 136 Antrim_NP ,_, and_CC received_VBD from_IN him_PP3O the_ATI *+1000_NNU F29 136 reward_NN ._. F29 137 ^ the_ATI robber's_NN$ whistle_NN is_BEZ one_CD1 of_IN the_ATI F29 137 heirlooms_NNS at_IN Dunollie_NP Castle_NPL ,_, F29 138 Oban_NP ,_, the_ATI ancestral_JJ seat_NN of_IN the_ATI Chiefs_NPTS F29 138 of_IN MacDougall_NP ,_, where_WRB the_ATI family_NN F29 139 still_RB reside_VB below_IN the_ATI ancient_JJ stronghold_NN on_IN F29 139 its_PP$ rock_NN looking_VBG out_RP F29 140 towards_IN the_ATI Isle_NPL of_IN Mull_NP ._. ^ beneath_IN the_ATI F29 140 ivy-grown_JJ castle_NN is_BEZ an_AT old_JJ and_CC F29 141 weather-beaten_JJ Scots_JNP fir_NN ._. ^ this_DT tree_NN is_BEZ now_RN F29 141 upwards_RB of_IN 150_CD years_NNS old_JJ ._. F29 142 ^ it_PP3 was_BEDZ planted_VBN to_TO commemorate_VB Captain_NPT F29 142 Alexander_NP MacDougall_NP of_IN F29 143 MacDougall_NP ,_, of_IN the_ATI 72nd_OD regiment_NN (_( later_RBR F29 143 the_ATI Seaforth_NP Highlanders_NNPS )_) ,_, F29 144 eldest_JJT son_NN of_IN Patrick_NP MacDougall_NP ,_, Chief_NPT of_IN F29 144 the_ATI clan_NN ._. ^ Captain_NPT F29 145 Alexander_NP was_BEDZ killed_VBN ,_, at_IN the_ATI age_NN of_IN 27_CD F29 145 ,_, at_IN Cuidad_NP Rodrigo_NP in_IN Spain_NP ,_, in_IN F29 146 1812_CD ._. ^ his_PP$ miniature_NN ,_, by_IN William_NP Englehart_NP F29 146 ,_, is_BEZ preserved_VBN at_IN Dunollie_NP ._. F29 147 ^ the_ATI name_NN of_IN Captain_NPT MacDougall_NP is_BEZ well_RB F29 147 known_VBN to_IN pipers_NNS of_IN the_ATI F29 148 present_JJ day_NN ,_, for_IN a_AT celebrated_JJ composition_NN in_IN F29 148 Ceo*?3l_NP Mo*?2r_NP ,_, the_ATI great_JJ F29 149 music_NN of_IN the_ATI highland_NN bagpipe_NN ,_, was_BEDZ written_VBN F29 149 in_IN his_PP$ honour_NN by_IN almost_RB the_ATI F29 150 last_AP of_IN the_ATI hereditary_JJ MacDougall_NP pipers_NNS to_IN F29 150 the_ATI chiefs_NNS ,_, Ronald_NP F29 151 MacDougall_NP ._. ^ the_ATI hereditary_JJ MacDougall_NP pipers_NNS ,_, F29 151 while_CS not_XNOT so_QL famous_JJ as_IN F29 152 the_ATI MacCrimmons_NPS of_IN Skye_NP ,_, were_BED players_NNS and_CC F29 152 composers_NNS of_IN distinction_NN ,_, F29 153 and_CC the_ATI tune_NN ,_, *'_*' lament_NN for_IN Captain_NPT F29 153 MacDougall_NP ,_, **'_**' is_BEZ one_CD1 of_IN delicacy_NN F29 154 and_CC feeling_NN ._. ^ these_DTS pipers_NNS lived_VBD at_IN Moleigh_NP F29 154 ,_, near_IN Oban_NP ,_, and_CC their_PP$ F29 155 portion_NN of_IN land_NN was_BEDZ known_VBN as_IN Croit_NP nam_&FW F29 155 Piobairean_NP ,_, the_ATI piper's_NN$ croft_NN ._. F29 156 ^ like_IN the_ATI MacCrimmons_NPS ,_, the_ATI MacDougalls_NPS had_HVD F29 156 their_PP$ College_NPL of_IN piping_NN ,_, F29 157 the_ATI last_AP who_WPR presided_VBD at_IN this_DT college_NN being_BEG F29 157 Ronald_NP Ba*?3n_NP MacDougall_NP ,_, F29 158 who_WPR was_BEDZ the_ATI grandfather_NN of_IN Ronald_NP Mo*?2r_NP ,_, F29 158 the_ATI last_AP hereditary_JJ piper_NN to_IN F29 159 the_ATI clan_NN ._. F29 160 ^ *'_*' the_ATI duke_NN **'_**' ._. F29 161 ^ by_IN Hubert_NP Fenwick_NP ._. F29 162 ^ the_ATI story_NN of_IN James_NP ,_, Duke_NPT of_IN Albany_NP and_CC F29 162 York_NP ,_, as_IN Lord_NPT High_NPT F29 163 Commissioner_NPT at_IN Holyroodhouse_NP ._. F29 164 ^ the_ATI visit_NN of_IN her_PP$ majesty_NN the_ATI Queen_NPT to_IN F29 164 the_ATI general_JJ assembly_NN F29 165 last_AP October_NR was_BEDZ unique_JJ in_IN many_AP ways_NNS ._. ^ F29 165 the_ATI occasion_NN was_BEDZ ,_, of_RB course_RB" ,_, F29 166 the_ATI quatercentenary_NN of_IN the_ATI Scottish_JNP reformation_NN F29 166 ,_, but_CC besides_IN this_DT her_PP$ F29 167 majesty_NN was_BEDZ the_ATI very_QL first_OD sovereign_JJ lady_NN to_TO F29 167 honour_VB the_ATI *'_*' Fathers_NPTS and_CC F29 168 brethren_NNS **'_**' with_IN her_PP$ presence_NN ,_, a_AT F29 168 circumstance_NN not_XNOT lacking_JJ in_IN F29 169 significance_NN ,_, especially_RB when_WRB one_CD1 recalls_VBZ John_NP F29 169 Knox's_NP$ well_RB kent_JJ F29 170 fulminations_NNS against_IN women_NNS in_RB general_RB" and_CC F29 170 female_JJ rulers_NNS in_RB particular_RB" ._. F29 171 ^ the_ATI last_AP reigning_JJ monarch_NN to_TO attend_VB the_ATI F29 171 assembly_NN was_BEDZ actually_RB James_NP F29 172 6_CD ,_, before_CS he_PP3A became_VBD the_ATI King_NPT of_IN *'_*' F29 172 Great_NP Brittany_NP ,_, **'_**' and_CC before_IN the_ATI F29 173 appearance_NN of_IN his_PP$ authorised_JJ version_NN of_IN the_ATI F29 173 Bible_NP ;_; and_CC he_PP3A did_DOD so_PN in_TO F29 174 order_TO" to_TO" discipline_VB the_ATI members_NNS ,_, not_XNOT to_TO F29 174 praise_VB or_CC encourage_VB them_PP3OS ._. ^ it_PP3 F29 175 was_BEDZ he_PP3A ,_, too_RB ,_, who_WPR instituted_VBD the_ATI F29 175 office_NN of_IN High_NPT Commissioner_NPT ,_, so_CS that_CS" F29 176 the_ATI crown_NN could_MD keep_VB a_AT good_JJ eye_NN on_IN the_ATI F29 176 proceedings_NNS ;_; and_CC ever_RB since_IN F29 177 Jacobean_JNP times_NNS the_ATI sovereign_NN has_HVZ been_BEN F29 177 represented_VBN at_IN the_ATI assembly_NN by_IN a_AT F29 178 royally_RB appointed_VBN representative_NN ._. F29 179 ^ the_ATI office_NN of_IN Lord_NPT High_NPT Commissioner_NPT is_BEZ F29 179 now_RN more_QL ornamental_JJ than_CS F29 180 functional_JJ ,_, at_RB least_RB" in_IN the_ATI sense_NN that_CS F29 180 the_ATI holder_NN is_BEZ no_RB longer_RBR a_AT F29 181 *'_*' spy_NN **'_**' in_IN the_ATI pay_NN of_IN the_ATI crown_NN ,_, F29 181 which_WDTR itself_PPL has_HVZ changed_VBN beyond_IN all_ABN F29 182 recognition_NN and_CC is_BEZ completely_RB above_IN politics_NN or_CC F29 182 religious_JJ faction_NN ._. F29 183 ^ curiously_RB enough_QLP ,_, however_RB ,_, the_ATI first_OD purely_RB F29 183 Scottish_JNP bill_NN of_IN the_ATI F29 184 present_JJ parliament_NN proposed_VBD an_AT increase_NN in_IN the_ATI F29 184 allowance_NN made_VBN to_IN the_ATI F29 185 Queen's_NPT$ representative_NN to_IN the_ATI general_JJ assembly_NN ,_, F29 185 and_CC in_IN doing_VBG so_PN drew_VBD F29 186 unexpected_JJ attention_NN to_IN the_ATI altered_JJ meaning_NN of_IN F29 186 that_DT role_NN ,_, showing_VBG how_WRB F29 187 it_PP3 too_RB had_HVD lost_VBN its_PP$ controversial_JJ flavour_NN ._. ^ F29 187 many_AP Commissioners_NPTS have_HV F29 188 come_VBN from_IN the_ATI ranks_NNS of_IN the_ATI aristocracy_NN and_CC F29 188 professional_JJ classes_NNS ,_, some_DTI F29 189 have_HV been_BEN personally_RB associated_VBN with_IN the_ATI work_NN F29 189 of_IN the_ATI kirk_NN ,_, while_CS one_CD1 ,_, F29 190 James_NP ,_, Duke_NPT of_IN Albany_NP and_CC York_NP ,_, brother_NN F29 190 of_IN Charles_NP 2_CD ,_, was_BEDZ a_AT convert_NN F29 191 to_IN Roman_JNP Catholicism_NNP ._. F29 192 ^ unlike_IN the_ATI *'_*' merry_JJ monarch_NN ,_, **'_**' the_ATI F29 192 future_JJB James_NP 7_CD and_CC 2_CD F29 193 stubbornly_RB refused_VBN to_TO subscribe_VB to_IN the_ATI *'_*' F29 193 test_NN act_NN ,_, **'_**' which_WDTR required_VBD F29 194 all_ABN holders_NNS of_IN office_NN under_IN the_ATI crown_NN to_TO F29 194 declare_VB themselves_PPLS F29 195 protestants_NNS ._. ^ he_PP3A found_VBD himself_PPL excluded_VBN F29 195 from_IN the_ATI court_NN ,_, removed_VBN from_IN F29 196 the_ATI navy_JJ office_NN ,_, and_CC banished_VBN ,_, first_RB to_IN F29 196 Holland_NP ,_, and_CC then_RN ,_, in_IN 1679_CD ,_, to_IN F29 197 Scotland_NP ,_, where_WRB the_ATI law_NN was_BEDZ less_QL rigorous_JJ F29 197 ._. F30 2 ^ El_NP Cid_NP ._. F30 3 ^ the_ATI facts_NNS behind_IN the_ATI legend_NN ._. F30 4 ^ by_IN Henry_NP Austin_NP ._. F30 5 *"_*' F30 6 ^ the_ATI Canon_NPT in_IN *'_*' Don_NPT Quixote_NP **'_**' :_: ^ F30 6 there_EX is_BEZ no_ATI doubt_NN that_CS there_EX F30 7 was_BEDZ such_ABL a_AT man_NN as_IN El_NP Cid_NP ,_, but_CC much_AP F30 7 doubt_NN whether_CS he_PP3A achieved_VBD what_WDT is_BEZ F30 8 attributed_VBN to_IN him_PP3O ._. F30 9 **"_**' F30 10 ^ El_NP Cid_NP *-_*- the_ATI hero_NN idealised_VBN in_IN Spain's_NP$ F30 10 most_QL famous_JJ mediaeval_JJ F30 11 epic_JJ poem_NN ,_, also_RB by_IN Corneille_NP and_CC Victor_NP Hugo_NP F30 11 ,_, and_CC now_RN in_IN an_AT American_JNP F30 12 spectacular_JJ film_NN ._. ^ what_WDT are_BER the_ATI facts_NNS F30 12 about_IN this_DT man_NN who_WPR has_HVZ inspired_VBN F30 13 such_ABL a_AT powerful_JJ legend_NN ?_? F30 14 ^ Rodrigo_NP de_&FW Vivar_NP ,_, named_VBN by_IN the_ATI Moslem_JNP F30 14 Spaniards_NNPS ,_, El_NP Sayyid_NP F30 15 Campeador_NP ,_, the_ATI lord_NN and_CC champion_NN ,_, was_BEDZ F30 15 born_VBN about_IN 1043_CD and_CC died_VBD at_IN F30 16 the_ATI age_NN of_IN 56_CD in_IN 1099_CD ._. ^ the_ATI date_NN and_CC F30 16 place_NN of_IN his_PP$ birth_NN are_BER unknown_JJ ._. F30 17 ^ his_PP$ mother_NN ,_, of_IN the_ATI Asturian_JNP nobility_NN ,_, F30 17 and_CC his_PP$ father_NN ,_, a_AT Castilian_NNP ,_, F30 18 lived_VBN in_IN Vivar_NP ,_, a_AT little_JJ village_NN which_WDTR F30 18 even_RB today_NR is_BEZ primitive_JJ and_CC F30 19 grim_JJ in_IN appearance_NN ._. ^ the_ATI young_JJ Rodrigo_NP found_VBD F30 19 himself_PPL from_IN the_ATI start_NN in_IN F30 20 the_ATI midst_NN of_IN the_ATI strains_NNS and_CC tensions_NNS that_WPR F30 20 Spain_NP was_BEDZ then_RN enduring_VBG ._. F30 21 ^ this_DT barren_JJ land_NN ,_, glacial_JJ in_IN winter_NN and_CC F30 21 torrid_JJ in_IN summer_NN ,_, was_BEDZ on_IN the_ATI F30 22 frontier_NN between_IN the_ATI rival_JJB Christian_JNP kingdoms_NNS F30 22 of_IN Castile_NP and_CC Navarre_NP ,_, F30 23 both_ABX sides_NNS allying_VBG themselves_PPLS to_IN one_CD1 or_CC F30 23 other_AP of_IN the_ATI Moslem_JNP states_NNS of_IN F30 24 Spain_NP to_TO gain_VB a_AT temporary_JJ advantage_NN ._. F30 25 ^ the_ATI Moslem_JNP Spaniards_NNPS ._. F30 26 ^ at_IN this_DT stage_NN of_IN Europe's_NP$ history_NN ,_, F30 26 regional_JJ not_XNOT national_JJ power_NN F30 27 was_BEDZ the_ATI chief_JJB motive_NN in_IN politics_NN ;_; in_IN F30 27 Spain_NP ,_, neither_DTX secular_JJ nor_CC F30 28 religious_JJ unity_NN was_BEDZ considered_VBN a_AT goal_NN worth_IN F30 28 fighting_VBG for_IN ._. ^ the_ATI small_JJ F30 29 Christian_JNP states_NNS in_IN the_ATI north_NR were_BED divided_VBN F30 29 ;_; so_PN were_BED the_ATI Moslem_JNP states_NNS F30 30 of_IN central_JJ and_CC northern_JJ Spain_NP ._. ^ the_ATI Moslems_NNPS F30 30 of_IN Spain_NP ,_, the_ATI so-called_JJB F30 31 Moors_NNPS ,_, were_BED for_IN the_ATI most_AP part_NN of_IN F30 31 Spanish_JNP blood_NN ._. ^ they_PP3AS had_HVD adopted_VBN the_ATI F30 32 language_NN and_CC ways_NNS of_IN living_NN ,_, and_CC some_DTI the_ATI F30 32 faith_NN of_IN the_ATI Moslems_NNPS ._. ^ many_AP F30 33 of_IN them_PP3OS had_HVD two_CD names_NNS ,_, Moslem_JNP and_CC F30 33 European_JNP ,_, and_CC had_HVD adopted_VBN such_ABL F30 34 customs_NNS as_IN the_ATI harem_NN and_CC certain_JJ legal_JJ F30 34 procedures_NNS ._. ^ Arabic_NNP was_BEDZ the_ATI F30 35 written_JJ language_NN of_IN law_NN and_CC commerce_NN for_IN two_CD F30 35 centuries_NNS after_IN the_ATI F30 36 Christian_JNP conquest_NN of_IN Toledo_NP by_IN Alphonso_NP 6_CD in_IN F30 36 1085_CD ._. F30 37 ^ peace_NN and_CC war_NN ._. F30 38 ^ Rodrigo_NP de_&FW Vivar_NP has_HVZ been_BEN called_VBN by_IN F30 38 one_CD1 historian_NN *'_*' the_ATI most_QL F30 39 colourful_JJ of_IN the_ATI Mozarabs_NNPS **'_**' ,_, the_ATI F30 39 Spaniards_NNPS who_WPR had_HVD adopted_VBN the_ATI Moslem_JNP F30 40 way_NN of_IN life_NN (_( in_IN Arabic_NNP ,_, mustarib_&FW )_) ._. ^ F30 40 he_PP3A spent_VBD most_AP of_IN his_PP$ life_NN F30 41 among_IN these_DTS people_NNS ._. ^ having_HVG received_VBN a_AT F30 41 good_JJ education_NN at_IN the_ATI Christian_JNP F30 42 court_NN of_IN Sancho_NP 2_CD ,_, King_NPT of_IN Castile_NP ,_, he_PP3A F30 42 became_VBD the_ATI Constable_NPT of_IN the_ATI F30 43 little_JJ kingdom_NN ,_, a_AT rank_NN which_WDTR included_VBD F30 43 command_NN of_IN the_ATI army_NN and_CC of_IN the_ATI F30 44 legal_JJ administration_NN ._. ^ his_PP$ first_OD taste_NN of_IN F30 44 action_NN had_HVD been_BEN in_IN the_ATI F30 45 battle_NN of_IN Graus_NP ,_, at_IN the_ATI age_NN of_IN twenty_CD ,_, F30 45 between_IN Sancho_NP ,_, in_IN alliance_NN F30 46 with_IN the_ATI Moors_NNPS of_IN Saragossa_NP ,_, and_CC Ramiro_NP F30 46 1_CD1 ,_, King_NPT of_IN Aragon_NP ._. ^ for_IN the_ATI F30 47 next_AP twelve_CD years_NNS of_IN his_PP$ life_NN ,_, he_PP3A led_VBD F30 47 a_AT peaceful_JJ existence_NN as_IN a_AT F30 48 country_NN gentleman_NN ,_, carefully_RB looking_VBG after_IN his_PP$ F30 48 property_NN ._. F30 49 ^ during_IN this_DT time_NN ,_, he_PP3A became_VBD involved_VBN F30 49 in_IN only_RB one_CD1 battle_NN ._. ^ Sancho_NP F30 50 sent_VBD him_PP3O to_IN Seville_NP to_TO collect_VB tribute_NN from_IN F30 50 the_ATI king_NN ,_, Motamid_NP ._. ^ while_CS F30 51 he_PP3A was_BEDZ there_RN Abdullah_NP ,_, King_NPT of_IN Granada_NP ,_, F30 51 attacked_VBD Seville_NP but_CC without_IN F30 52 success_NN ._. F30 53 ^ apart_IN from_IN" this_DT one_CD1 excitement_NN ,_, Rodrigo_NP F30 53 led_VBD a_AT quiet_JJ life_NN ,_, in_IN the_ATI F30 54 words_NNS of_IN Louis_NP Bertrand_NP ,_, in_IN his_PP$ history_NN of_IN F30 54 Spain_NP ,_, *'_*' saddling_VBG his_PP$ F30 55 horse_NN only_RB to_TO go_VB and_CC raid_VB his_PP$ neighbour's_NN$ F30 55 cows_NNS and_CC sheep_NNS ._. **'_**' F30 56 ^ Jimena_NP ._. F30 57 ^ to_TO please_VB Alphonso_NP ,_, Sancho's_NP$ brother_NN and_CC F30 57 rival_NN ,_, he_PP3A agreed_VBD to_TO F30 58 marry_VB Jimena_NP Diaz_NP ,_, daughter_NN of_IN the_ATI Count_NPT F30 58 of_IN Oviedo_NP ,_, and_CC niece_NN of_IN F30 59 Alphonso_NP 5_CD ,_, King_NPT of_IN Leon_NP ._. ^ this_DT marriage_NN F30 59 of_IN convenience_NN was_BEDZ designed_VBN F30 60 to_TO strengthen_VB an_AT alliance_NN between_IN the_ATI Castilian_JNP F30 60 and_CC Leonese_JNP nobility_NN ._. F30 61 ^ later_RBR Rodrigo_NP helped_VBD Sancho_NP in_IN his_PP$ struggle_NN F30 61 for_IN power_NN with_IN his_PP$ F30 62 brother_NN ,_, by_IN suggesting_VBG a_AT deceitful_JJ way_NN of_IN F30 62 taking_VBG possession_NN of_IN Leon_NP ._. F30 63 ^ a_AT new_JJ period_NN in_IN Rodrigo's_NP$ life_NN began_VBD in_IN F30 63 his_PP$ late_JJ thirties_CDS ,_, in_IN F30 64 1081_CD ,_, when_WRB Alphonso_NP 6_CD ,_, Sancho's_NP$ younger_JJR F30 64 brother_NN and_CC successor_NN ,_, F30 65 exiled_VBD him_PP3O from_IN his_PP$ kingdom_NN ._. ^ he_PP3A had_HVD F30 65 ,_, it_PP3 was_BEDZ alleged_VBN ,_, kept_VBN part_NN of_IN the_ATI F30 66 tribute_NN he_PP3A had_HVD collected_VBN from_IN Motamid_NP of_IN F30 66 Seville_NP ._. ^ for_IN this_DT he_PP3A was_BEDZ F30 67 dismissed_VBN from_IN the_ATI court_NN and_CC banished_VBN ._. F30 68 ^ at_IN the_ATI head_NN of_IN three_CD hundred_CD free_JJ lances_NNS F30 68 ,_, he_PP3A rode_VBD out_RP of_IN Vivar_NP ,_, F30 69 leaving_VBG Jimena_NP and_CC his_PP$ children_NNS ,_, to_TO begin_VB F30 69 a_AT life_NN of_IN mercenary_JJ combat_NN ,_, F30 70 living_VBG by_IN what_WDT he_PP3A could_MD commandeer_VB ._. ^ in_IN F30 70 his_PP$ subsequent_JJ conduct_NN ,_, made_VBN F30 71 up_RP of_IN both_ABX cruelty_NN and_CC kindness_NN ,_, *'_*' he_PP3A F30 71 was_BEDZ almost_RB as_QL much_RB Moslem_JNP as_IN F30 72 Christian_JNP **'_**' (_( Philip_NP Hitti_NP ,_, history_NN of_IN F30 72 the_ATI Arabs_NNPS )_) ._. F30 73 ^ he_PP3A first_RB offered_VBD his_PP$ services_NNS to_IN F30 73 Berenguer_NP ,_, the_ATI Christian_JNP Count_NPT F30 74 of_IN Barcelona_NP ._. ^ the_ATI count_NN rejected_VBD him_PP3O ._. ^ F30 74 he_PP3A then_RN travelled_VBD on_RP to_IN F30 75 Saragossa_NP ,_, where_WRB Moktadir_NP ,_, the_ATI Moslem_JNP king_NN F30 75 now_RN ruled_VBD ._. ^ this_DT time_NN his_PP$ F30 76 offer_NN was_BEDZ accepted_VBN ._. ^ as_CS Moktadir_NP was_BEDZ in_IN F30 76 alliance_NN with_IN Alphonso_NP of_IN F30 77 Castile_NP ,_, Rodrigo_NP was_BEDZ not_XNOT making_VBG any_DTI F30 77 dramatic_JJ or_CC even_RB unusual_JJ departure_NN F30 78 from_IN one_CD1 way_NN of_IN life_NN to_IN another_DT ._. ^ such_ABL F30 78 hard_JJ and_CC fast_JJ divisions_NNS of_IN F30 79 humanity_NN were_BED to_TO come_VB later_RBR ._. F30 80 ^ at_IN Saragossa_NP ,_, the_ATI old_JJ Roman_JNP town_NN of_IN F30 80 Caesarea_NP Augustus_NP ,_, Rodrigo_NP F30 81 served_VBD his_PP$ new_JJ master_NN well_RB ._. ^ fighting_VBG for_IN F30 81 him_PP3O against_IN the_ATI Christian_JNP F30 82 King_NPT of_IN Navarre_NP ,_, he_PP3A won_VBD from_IN his_PP$ F30 82 Moslem_JNP soldiers_NNS the_ATI title_NN of_IN El_NP Cid_NP F30 83 Campeador_NP ._. ^ he_PP3A extended_VBD the_ATI Moslem_JNP F30 83 dominions_NNS at_IN the_ATI expense_NN of_IN the_ATI F30 84 Christian_JNP states_NNS of_IN Aragon_NP and_CC Barcelona_NP ,_, and_CC F30 84 led_VBD raids_NNS into_IN his_PP$ F30 85 former_AP province_NN of_IN Castile_NP ._. ^ Moktadir_NP ,_, the_ATI F30 85 King_NPT of_IN Saragossa_NP ,_, was_BEDZ a_AT F30 86 man_NN of_IN letters_NNS and_CC the_ATI cultured_JJ head_NN of_IN a_AT F30 86 court_NN of_IN poets_NNS ,_, philosophers_NNS F30 87 and_CC tutors_NNS ._. ^ Rodrigo_NP made_VBD this_DT court_NN his_PP$ F30 87 home_NR and_CC the_ATI base_NN for_IN his_PP$ F30 88 career_NN of_IN freebooting_NN ._. ^ Saragossa_NP ,_, the_ATI most_QL F30 88 Islamised_JNP city_NN of_IN Spain_NP ,_, a_AT F30 89 town_NN of_IN minarets_NNS and_CC mosques_NNS ,_, fountains_NNS and_CC F30 89 entertainment_NN ,_, must_MD have_HV F30 90 been_BEN a_AT fascinating_JJ place_NN to_TO live_VB in_IN ._. ^ F30 90 Rodrigo_NP lived_VBD here_RN for_IN more_AP than_IN F30 91 ten_CD years_NNS ,_, until_CS he_PP3A established_VBD himself_PPL as_IN F30 91 sole_JJB ruler_NN of_IN Valencia_NP in_IN F30 92 1094_CD ._. F30 93 ^ Valencia_NP ._. F30 94 ^ in_IN the_ATI words_NNS of_IN Louis_NP Bertrand_NP ,_, *'_*' F30 94 the_ATI great_JJ love_NN of_IN the_ATI Cid_NP was_BEDZ F30 95 not_XNOT Jimena_NP ;_; it_PP3 was_BEDZ Valencia_NP **'_**' ._. ^ in_IN F30 95 charge_NN of_IN an_AT army_NN of_IN seven_CD F30 96 thousand_CD men_NNS ,_, most_AP of_IN them_PP3OS Moslem_JNP ,_, he_PP3A F30 96 besieged_VBD this_DT Moslem_JNP city_NN for_IN F30 97 nine_CD months_NNS and_CC finally_RB defeated_VBD it_PP3 ._. ^ all_ABN F30 97 the_ATI conditions_NNS he_PP3A had_HVD agreed_VBN F30 98 to_IN before_IN the_ATI surrender_NN ,_, he_PP3A violated_VBD ;_; F30 98 the_ATI Cadi_NP ,_, his_PP$ opposite_JJ F30 99 number_NN ,_, he_PP3A burnt_VBD alive_JJ ._. F30 100 ^ before_IN the_ATI occupation_NN of_IN Valencia_NP ,_, Rodrigo_NP F30 100 had_HVD shown_VBN inexcusable_JJ F30 101 cruelty_NN by_IN throwing_VBG refugees_NNS from_IN the_ATI city_NN F30 101 onto_IN bivouac_NN fires_NNS ._. ^ he_PP3A F30 102 chased_VBD the_ATI remainder_NN back_RP into_IN the_ATI town_NN ,_, F30 102 unleashing_VBG his_PP$ camp_NN dogs_NNS onto_IN F30 103 them_PP3OS ._. F30 104 ^ having_HVG established_VBN himself_PPL as_IN sole_JJB ruler_NN F30 104 of_IN Valencia_NP and_CC Murcia_NP ,_, F30 105 he_PP3A summoned_VBD his_PP$ wife_NN and_CC his_PP$ daughters_NNS ._. ^ F30 105 he_PP3A made_VBD the_ATI chief_JJB mosque_NN a_AT F30 106 cathedral_NN and_CC installed_VBD an_AT archbishop_NN ._. ^ in_IN F30 106 general_JJ policy_NN he_PP3A followed_VBD F30 107 the_ATI course_NN that_CS he_PP3A had_HVD adopted_VBN at_IN the_ATI F30 107 court_NN of_IN Moktamid_NP ,_, of_IN peaceful_JJ F30 108 co-operation_NN with_IN both_ABX the_ATI Christians_NNPS and_CC the_ATI F30 108 Moslems_NNPS in_IN his_PP$ domain_NN ._. F30 109 ^ he_PP3A proudly_RB called_VBD himself_PPL *'_*' Emperor_NPT of_IN F30 109 the_ATI two_CD religions_NNS **'_**' ,_, but_CC he_PP3A F30 110 withstood_VBD any_DTI prompting_NN he_PP3A may_MD have_HV received_VBN F30 110 of_IN giving_VBG himself_PPL the_ATI F30 111 official_JJ title_NN of_IN King_NPT ._. F30 112 ^ the_ATI Berbers_NNPS ._. F30 113 ^ Rodrigo_NP and_CC his_PP$ family_NN only_RB enjoyed_VBD four_CD F30 113 years_NNS of_IN rule_NN in_IN F30 114 Valencia_NP ._. ^ in_IN 1099_CD his_PP$ realm_NN was_BEDZ attacked_VBN F30 114 by_IN the_ATI Berber_JNP warriors_NNS of_IN F30 115 north_NR Africa_NP ,_, attracted_VBN across_IN the_ATI narrow_JJ F30 115 Straits_NPLS by_IN the_ATI high_JJ standard_NN F30 116 of_IN living_NN and_CC the_ATI riches_NNS of_IN Moslem_JNP Spain_NP ._. F30 116 ^ at_IN the_ATI battle_NN of_IN Cuenca_NP he_PP3A F30 117 was_BEDZ defeated_VBN and_CC he_PP3A died_VBD shortly_RB afterwards_RB F30 117 of_IN a_AT fever_NN ._. ^ Valencia_NP held_VBD F30 118 out_RP for_IN another_DT three_CD years_NNS ,_, at_IN the_ATI end_NN F30 118 of_IN which_WDTR ,_, Jimena_NP left_VBD the_ATI city_NN F30 119 with_IN her_PP$ children_NNS ,_, taking_VBG with_IN her_PP3O the_ATI F30 119 bones_NNS of_IN her_PP$ dead_JJ husband_NN ,_, to_TO F30 120 bury_VB them_PP3OS in_IN the_ATI monastery_NN of_IN San_NP Pedro_NP F30 120 at_IN Cardena_NP ,_, near_IN Burgos_NP ._. F30 121 ^ the_ATI legend_NN ._. F30 122 ^ the_ATI anonymous_JJ Poema_&FW del_&FW Cid_&FW ,_, the_ATI F30 122 finest_JJT and_CC the_ATI oldest_JJT F30 123 extant_JJ Spanish_JNP literary_JJ work_NN ,_, appeared_VBD in_IN F30 123 the_ATI latter_AP half_NN of_IN the_ATI F30 124 twelfth_OD century_NN ._. ^ this_DT poem_NN ,_, together_RB with_IN F30 124 nearly_RB two_CD hundred_CD ballads_NNS F30 125 written_VBN about_IN him_PP3O ,_, most_AP of_IN which_WDTR were_BED F30 125 written_VBN in_IN the_ATI sixteenth_OD F30 126 century_NN ,_, extol_VB Rodrigo_NP as_IN a_AT brave_JJ and_CC F30 126 chivalrous_JJ knight_NN ,_, and_CC as_IN the_ATI F30 127 inspirational_JJ hero_NN of_IN the_ATI Christian_JNP conquest_NN of_IN F30 127 Spain_NP ._. ^ the_ATI Poema_&FW F30 128 has_HVZ deeply_RB influenced_VBN Spanish_JNP thought_NN and_CC the_ATI F30 128 formation_NN of_IN the_ATI F30 129 national_JJ character_NN ._. F30 130 ^ El_NP Cid_NP ,_, in_IN fact_NN ,_, lived_VBD comfortably_RB in_IN F30 130 both_ABX the_ATI Christian_JNP and_CC F30 131 Moslem_JNP courts_NNS of_IN Spain_NP ._. ^ he_PP3A fought_VBD the_ATI F30 131 invading_JJ Berbers_NNPS ,_, it_PP3 is_BEZ true_JJ ;_; F30 132 but_CC then_RN ,_, so_PN did_DOD the_ATI Moslem_JNP states_NNS of_IN F30 132 Spain_NP also_RB ._. ^ some_DTI writers_NNS have_HV F30 133 tried_VBN to_TO justify_VB the_ATI claims_NNS made_VBN by_IN the_ATI F30 133 Poema_&FW and_CC the_ATI ballads_NNS ;_; F30 134 one_CD1 of_IN them_PP3OS ,_, Louis_NP Bertrand_NP ,_, in_IN his_PP$ F30 134 history_NN of_IN Spain_NP ,_, can_MD only_RB F30 135 say_VB :_: ^ *'_*' it_PP3 is_BEZ impossible_JJ that_CS this_DT great_JJ F30 135 Castilian_NNP should_MD not_XNOT have_HV F30 136 conceived_VBN the_ATI future_JJB unification_NN of_IN Spain_NP as_IN F30 136 an_AT absolute_JJ necessity_NN **'_**' ._. F30 137 ^ the_ATI known_JJ facts_NNS of_IN Rodrigo's_NP$ life_NN show_VB F30 137 that_CS he_PP3A was_BEDZ more_RBR concerned_VBN F30 138 with_IN truly_RB peaceful_JJ co-existence_NN between_IN the_ATI two_CD F30 138 religions_NNS (_( with_IN an_AT F30 139 occasional_JJ raid_NN as_IN a_AT diversion_NN and_CC an_AT extension_NN F30 139 of_IN diplomacy_NN )_) than_CS F30 140 with_IN the_ATI concept_NN of_IN total_JJ victory_NN for_IN one_CD1 F30 140 side_NN or_CC the_ATI other_AP ._. F30 141 ^ Peter_NP the_ATI great_JJ in_IN London_NP ._. F30 142 ^ by_IN Francis_NP Carr_NP ._. F30 143 ^ the_ATI strangest_JJT sight_NN in_IN London_NP in_IN 1698_CD F30 143 was_BEDZ that_DT of_IN the_ATI giant_JJB F30 144 Tsar_NPT of_IN Russia_NP ,_, striding_VBG out_RP of_IN his_PP$ house_NN F30 144 in_IN Norfolk_NP Street_NPL ,_, just_RB off_IN F30 145 the_ATI Strand_NPL ,_, and_CC entering_VBG one_CD1 of_IN the_ATI F30 145 local_JJ taverns_NNS to_TO quaff_VB a_AT pint_NN of_IN F30 146 ale_NN ._. ^ at_IN six_CD foot_NN nine_CD inches_NNS ,_, he_PP3A F30 146 was_BEDZ certainly_RB the_ATI tallest_JJT celebrity_NN F30 147 in_IN the_ATI western_JJ world_NN ._. F30 148 ^ on_IN January_NR 10th_OD ,_, of_IN that_DT year_NN ,_, at_IN F30 148 the_ATI age_NN of_IN twenty-six_CD ,_, Peter_NP F30 149 arrived_VBD in_IN London_NP ._. ^ he_PP3A had_HVD come_VBN from_IN F30 149 Amsterdam_NP with_IN an_AT escort_NN of_IN three_CD F30 150 British_JNP war-ships_NNS aboard_IN *'_*' the_ATI royal_JJ transport_NN F30 150 **'_**' ,_, a_AT fine_JJ new_JJ yacht_NN F30 151 which_WDTR King_NPT William_NP was_BEDZ later_RBR to_TO present_VB F30 151 to_IN him_PP3O ._. ^ stories_NNS of_IN Peter's_NP$ F30 152 *'_*' grand_JJ embassy_NN **'_**' had_HVD already_RB spread_VBN F30 152 throughout_IN every_AT country_NN on_IN the_ATI F30 153 continent_NN ._. ^ never_RB before_RI had_HVD such_ABL a_AT large_JJ F30 153 body_NN of_IN Russians_NNPS come_VBN so_QL far_RB F30 154 from_IN their_PP$ native_JJ land_NN ,_, and_CC never_RB before_RI F30 154 had_HVD western_JJ Europe_NP seen_VBN a_AT F30 155 Tsar_NPT ._. F30 156 ^ on_IN his_PP$ journey_NN through_IN Hanover_NP Peter_NP had_HVD F30 156 met_VBN the_ATI beautiful_JJ F30 157 Electress_NPT of_IN Brandenburg_NP ,_, Princess_NPT Sophia_NP F30 157 Charlotte_NP ,_, whose_WP$R husband_NN ,_, F30 158 Frederick_NP ,_, was_BEDZ four_CD years_NNS later_RBR to_TO declare_VB F30 158 himself_PPL the_ATI first_OD King_NPT of_IN F30 159 Prussia_NP ._. ^ she_PP3A and_CC her_PP$ mother_NN Sophia_NP ,_, F30 159 the_ATI Electress_NPT of_IN Hanover_NP ,_, gave_VBD a_AT F30 160 large_JJ banquet_NN in_IN Peter's_NP$ honour_NN ;_; being_BEG unused_JJ F30 160 to_IN western_JJ manners_NNS ,_, he_PP3A F30 161 became_VBD embarrassed_JJ and_CC almost_RB speechless_JJ ._. ^ he_PP3A F30 161 amused_VBD the_ATI company_NN by_IN F30 162 saying_VBG ,_, in_IN reply_NN to_IN questions_NNS about_IN his_PP$ F30 162 favourite_JJB pastimes_NNS ,_, *'_*' from_IN my_PP$ F30 163 youth_NN up_RP I_PP1A have_HV had_HVN a_AT real_JJ passion_NN for_IN F30 163 navigation_NN and_CC fireworks_NNS **'_**' ._. F30 164 ^ after_IN the_ATI banquet_NN he_PP3A played_VBD to_IN the_ATI court_NN F30 164 on_IN his_PP$ own_AP drum_NN ._. F30 165 ^ in_IN Holland_NP he_PP3A lived_VBD incognito_RB as_IN a_AT F30 165 carpenter_NN in_IN the_ATI shipyards_NNS of_IN F30 166 the_ATI east_NR India_NP company_NN at_IN Amsterdam_NP ._. ^ this_DT F30 166 soon_RB became_VBD an_AT open_JJ secret_NN ,_, F30 167 but_CC Peter_NP insisted_VBD on_IN keeping_VBG up_RP the_ATI F30 167 pretence_NN ,_, turning_VBG his_PP$ back_NN on_IN F30 168 anyone_PN calling_VBG him_PP3O *'_*' your_PP$ majesty_NN **'_**' ._. ^ F30 168 he_PP3A lived_VBD and_CC dressed_VBD as_IN a_AT F30 169 workman_NN ,_, lit_VBD his_PP$ own_AP fire_NN and_CC cooked_VBD his_PP$ F30 169 own_AP meals_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI Duke_NPT of_IN F30 170 Marlborough_NP came_VBD to_IN the_ATI shipyards_NNS to_TO look_VB at_IN F30 170 him_PP3O ,_, and_CC the_ATI foreman_NN F30 171 pointed_VBD him_PP3O out_RP *-_*- hardly_RB necessary_JJ on_IN F30 171 account_NN of_IN his_PP$ great_JJ height_NN *-_*- by_IN F30 172 saying_VBG :_: ^ *'_*' Peterbas_NP (_( Master_NPT Peter_NP )_) ,_, F30 172 help_VB those_DTS men_NNS carry_VB the_ATI F30 173 planks_NNS **'_**' ._. ^ during_IN the_ATI five_CD months_NNS he_PP3A F30 173 stayed_VBD in_IN Holland_NP ,_, he_PP3A studied_VBD ,_, F30 174 besides_IN carpentry_NN ,_, navigation_NN ,_, astronomy_NN ,_, F30 174 law-court_NN procedure_NN ,_, F30 175 fortification_NN ,_, mathematics_NN ,_, printing_NN ,_, botany_NN ,_, F30 175 copper-plate_NN engraving_NN ,_, F30 176 surgery_NN ,_, dentistry_NN ,_, and_CC the_ATI making_NN of_IN F30 176 fire-engines_NNS and_CC fireworks_NNS ._. ^ he_PP3A F30 177 impressed_VBD his_PP$ instructors_NNS by_IN his_PP$ eagerness_NN to_TO F30 177 learn_VB and_CC the_ATI speed_NN with_IN F30 178 which_WDTR he_PP3A grasped_VBD the_ATI essentials_NNS of_IN each_DT F30 178 subject_NN ._. F30 179 ^ he_PP3A arranged_VBD for_IN 345_CD Dutch_JNP sailors_NNS ,_, F30 179 several_AP ship's_NN$ captains_NNS and_CC F30 180 doctors_NNS ,_, and_CC many_AP other_AP craftsmen_NNS to_TO sail_VB F30 180 to_IN Russia_NP to_TO teach_VB their_PP$ F30 181 various_JJ skills_NNS ._. ^ having_HVG been_BEN told_VBN (_( by_IN F30 181 an_AT Englishman_NNP )_) that_CS in_IN England_NP F30 182 he_PP3A would_MD find_VB the_ATI cleverest_JJT shipbuilders_NNS in_IN F30 182 the_ATI world_NN ,_, he_PP3A asked_VBD King_NPT F30 183 William_NP ,_, whom_WPOR he_PP3A met_VBD in_IN Utrecht_NP ,_, for_IN F30 183 permission_NN to_TO come_VB to_IN this_DT F30 184 country_NN ._. ^ this_DT was_BEDZ gladly_RB given_VBN ,_, and_CC F30 184 the_ATI King_NPT ,_, when_WRB he_PP3A was_BEDZ back_RP in_IN F30 185 England_NP ,_, gave_VBD him_PP3O his_PP$ newest_JJT yacht_NN ,_, F30 185 the_ATI *'_*' royal_JJ transport_NN **'_**' ,_, a_AT F30 186 handsome_JJ vessel_NN mounting_VBG twenty_CD brass_NN cannon_NNS ,_, F30 186 and_CC three_CD men-of-war_NNS as_IN F30 187 escort_NN ._. ^ Peter_NP set_VBD sail_NN from_IN Amsterdam_NP with_IN F30 187 a_AT dozen_CD of_IN his_PP$ friends_NNS ,_, F30 188 having_HVG left_VBN behind_IN the_ATI greater_JJR part_NN of_IN his_PP$ F30 188 embassy_NN to_TO continue_VB their_PP$ F30 189 apprenticeship_NN in_IN the_ATI Dutch_JNP shipyards_NNS and_CC F30 189 munition_NN works_NNS ._. ^ in_IN charge_NN F30 190 of_IN the_ATI convoy_NN was_BEDZ Vice-Admiral_NPT Mitchell_NP ,_, to_IN F30 190 whom_WPOR Peter_NP later_RBR said_VBD ,_, F30 191 while_CS watching_VBG a_AT sham_JJ naval_JJ battle_NN off_IN F30 191 Spithead_NP ,_, that_CS he_PP3A thought_VBD an_AT F30 192 English_JNP admiral_NN was_BEDZ a_AT happier_JJR man_NN than_IN a_AT F30 192 Tsar_NPT ._. F30 193 ^ in_IN his_PP$ shirtsleeves_NNS ._. F30 194 ^ after_IN three_CD days_NNS at_IN sea_NN the_ATI Russians_NNPS F30 194 arrived_VBD at_IN Greenwich_NP ,_, F30 195 where_WRB Peter_NP left_VBD his_PP$ yacht_NN and_CC boarded_VBD the_ATI F30 195 royal_JJ barge_NN ,_, which_WDTR took_VBD him_PP3O F30 196 to_IN the_ATI Strand_NPL ._. ^ here_RN he_PP3A was_BEDZ given_VBN a_AT F30 196 house_NN in_IN Norfolk_NP Street_NPL ._. ^ this_DT F30 197 soon_RB resembled_VBD a_AT stable_NN ._. ^ three_CD days_NNS after_IN F30 197 his_PP$ arrival_NN ,_, William_NP called_VBD F30 198 on_IN him_PP3O and_CC was_BEDZ taken_VBN up_RP to_IN his_PP$ bedroom_NN F30 198 ,_, where_WRB the_ATI Tsar_NPT met_VBD the_ATI King_NPT in_IN F30 199 his_PP$ shirtsleeves_NNS ._. F31 2 ^ talking_VBG about_IN health_NN ._. F31 3 ^ our_PP$ family_NN doctor_NN ._. F31 4 ^ sprained_JJ ankle_NN ._. F31 5 ^ she_PP3A was_BEDZ not_XNOT quite_RB thirty_CD and_CC was_BEDZ F31 5 obviously_RB having_HVG trouble_NN F31 6 putting_VBG her_PP$ left_JJ foot_NN to_IN the_ATI ground_NN ._. F31 7 ^ her_PP$ husband_NN had_HVD to_TO help_VB her_PP3O into_IN my_PP$ F31 7 consulting_JJ room_NN ._. ^ she_PP3A told_VBD F31 8 me_PP1O what_WDT had_HVD happened_VBN ._. F31 9 ^ *'_*' I_PP1A was_BEDZ coming_VBG downstairs_RN with_IN an_AT F31 9 armful_NN of_IN things_NNS and_CC I_PP1A tripped_VBD F31 10 on_IN the_ATI last_AP step_NN but_IN one_CD1 ._. ^ the_ATI carpet_NN F31 10 's_BEZ loose_JJ there_RN and_CC my_PP$ heel_NN got_VBD F31 11 caught_VBN ._. ^ I_PP1A fell_VBD with_IN my_PP$ foot_NN underneath_IN F31 11 me_PP1O ._. **'_**' F31 12 ^ obediently_RB she_PP3A slipped_VBD off_RP her_PP$ right_JJ shoe_NN F31 12 and_CC stocking_NN ._. ^ I_PP1A helped_VBD F31 13 her_PP3O out_RP of_IN the_ATI slipper_NN she_PP3A was_BEDZ wearing_VBG F31 13 on_IN her_PP$ left_JJ foot_NN ._. F31 14 ^ *'_*' I_PP1A took_VBD my_PP$ stocking_NN off_RP to_TO bathe_VB F31 14 my_PP$ foot_NN in_IN cold_JJ water_NN ,_, **'_**' she_PP3A F31 15 said_VBD apologetically_RB ._. F31 16 ^ I_PP1A made_VBD her_PP3O lie_VB on_IN the_ATI examination_NN F31 16 couch_NN ,_, and_CC compared_VBD the_ATI two_CD F31 17 ankles_NNS ._. F31 19 ^ there_EX was_BEDZ nothing_PN much_AP to_TO see_VB except_CS F31 19 that_CS" the_ATI left_JJ one_CD1 was_BEDZ F31 20 badly_RB swollen_JJ ._. F31 22 ^ I_PP1A persuaded_VBD her_PP3O to_TO try_VB all_ABN the_ATI F31 22 different_JJ movements_NNS of_IN the_ATI F31 23 ankles_NNS and_CC toes_NNS ._. ^ her_PP$ right_JJ foot_NN moved_VBD F31 23 normally_RB of_RB course_RB" ._. ^ her_PP$ left_JJ F31 24 foot_NN would_MD move_VB a_RB little_RB" in_IN most_AP directions_NNS F31 24 but_CC all_ABN her_PP$ movements_NNS were_BED F31 25 limited_JJ and_CC painful_JJ ._. ^ it_PP3 hurt_VBD most_RBT when_WRB F31 25 she_PP3A tried_VBD to_TO twist_VB the_ATI foot_NN F31 26 outwards_RB ._. F31 27 ^ clearly_RB there_EX was_BEDZ no_ATI damage_NN to_IN her_PP$ F31 27 foot_NN or_CC to_IN her_PP$ freely_RB wiggling_JJ F31 28 toes_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI damage_NN and_CC the_ATI worst_JJT pain_NN F31 28 was_BEDZ in_IN the_ATI area_NN just_RB below_IN the_ATI F31 29 left_JJ ankle_NN bone_NN on_IN the_ATI outer_JJB side_NN ._. F31 30 ^ I_PP1A felt_VBD each_DT ankle_NN in_IN turn_NN carefully_RB ,_, F31 30 and_CC although_CS the_ATI left_JJ one_CD1 F31 31 hurt_VBD her_PP3O it_PP3 was_BEDZ fairly_RB certain_JJ that_CS no_ATI F31 31 bones_NNS were_BED broken_VBN ._. F31 32 ^ *'_*' you_PP2 've_HV been_BEN lucky_JJ ,_, **'_**' I_PP1A told_VBD F31 32 her_PP3O ._. F31 34 ^ *'_*' I_PP1A do_DO n't_XNOT think_VB there_EX 's_BEZ a_AT F31 34 fracture_NN ._. ^ just_RB a_AT bad_JJ sprain_NN with_IN F31 35 bruising_NN and_CC swelling_NN ._. F31 37 ^ *'_*' but_CC we_PP1AS 'd_HVD better_RBR have_HV an_AT X-ray_NN F31 37 to_TO be_BE quite_RB sure_JJ about_IN it_PP3 ._. **'_**' F31 38 ^ armed_VBN with_IN my_PP$ note_NN ,_, her_PP$ husband_NN took_VBD F31 38 her_PP3O in_IN their_PP$ car_NN to_IN the_ATI F31 39 casualty_NN department_NN ._. ^ they_PP3AS were_BED back_RP in_IN F31 39 just_RB over_RB an_AT hour_NN ._. ^ there_EX was_BEDZ F31 40 no_ATI fracture_NN and_CC all_ABN that_WPR had_HVD been_BEN needed_VBN F31 40 was_BEDZ the_ATI simplest_JJT treatment_NN ._. F31 41 ^ what_WDT they_PP3AS had_HVD done_VBN was_BEDZ to_TO take_VB a_AT F31 41 three-inch_JJB elastic_JJ adhesive_JJ F31 42 bandage_NN and_CC apply_VB it_PP3 carefully_RB but_CC firmly_RB from_IN F31 42 below_RI upwards_RB ,_, so_CS that_CS" F31 43 it_PP3 supported_VBD the_ATI torn_JJ outer_JJB ligament_NN of_IN F31 43 her_PP$ ankle_NN ._. F31 44 ^ I_PP1A encouraged_VBD her_PP3O to_TO try_VB walking_VBG on_IN F31 44 it_PP3 now_CS that_CS" it_PP3 was_BEDZ safely_RB F31 45 strapped_VBN up_RP ._. ^ she_PP3A was_BEDZ unsteady_JJ but_CC she_PP3A F31 45 could_MD manage_VB a_AP few_AP" steps_NNS ._. F31 46 ^ *'_*' that_DT 's_BEZ a_AT lot_NN more_QL comfortable_JJ ,_, **'_**' F31 46 she_PP3A agreed_VBD ._. ^ I_PP1A instructed_VBD her_PP3O to_TO F31 47 walk_VB on_IN it_PP3 a_RB little_RB" each_DT day_NN ,_, increasing_VBG F31 47 the_ATI time_NN daily_RB ,_, but_CC being_BEG F31 48 careful_JJ for_IN a_AT week_NN and_CC not_XNOT overdoing_VBG it_PP3 ._. F31 49 ^ at_IN the_ATI end_NN of_IN a_AT fortnight_NN I_PP1A was_BEDZ F31 49 able_JJ to_TO take_VB off_RP the_ATI bandage_NN ._. F31 50 ^ for_CS now_RN the_ATI cure_NN was_BEDZ complete_JJ ._. ^ but_CC to_TO F31 50 be_BE on_IN the_ATI safe_JJ side_NN I_PP1A advised_VBD F31 51 her_PP3O to_TO take_VB it_PP3 easy_RB for_IN another_DT fortnight_NN F31 51 ._. ^ she_PP3A was_BEDZ very_QL good_JJ about_IN F31 52 it_PP3 ._. ^ and_CC her_PP$ husband_NN has_HVZ made_VBN sure_JJ that_CS F31 52 there_EX are_BER now_RN no_ATI loose_JJ F31 53 stair-carpets_NNS ,_, mats_NNS ,_, or_CC rugs_NNS anywhere_RB in_IN F31 53 the_ATI household_NN ._. ^ \0Dr_NPT F31 54 Meridith_NP ._. F31 55 ^ facts_NNS about_IN eczema_NN ._. F31 56 ^ Joan_NP Williams_NP \0S.R.N_NPT ,_, \0S.C.M_NPT advises_VBZ on_IN F31 56 the_ATI best_JJT ways_NNS to_TO F31 57 relieve_VB discomfort_NN ._. F31 58 ^ in_IN the_ATI ordinary_JJ way_NN ,_, a_AT baby's_NN$ skin_NN F31 58 and_CC the_ATI skin_NN of_IN a_AT young_JJ F31 59 child_NN is_BEZ perfect_JJ and_CC quite_RB flawless_JJ ._. ^ but_CC F31 59 in_IN some_DTI circumstances_NNS ,_, a_AT F31 60 rash_NN may_MD develop_VB of_IN one_CD1 kind_NN or_CC another_DT ._. ^ F31 60 and_CC of_IN these_DTS ,_, eczema_NN calls_NNS F31 61 for_IN the_ATI greatest_JJT amount_NN of_IN skilful_JJ management_NN F31 61 and_CC patience_NN ._. F31 62 ^ sufferers_NNS from_IN eczema_NN can_MD be_BE divided_VBN into_IN F31 62 three_CD groups_NNS ._. ^ firstly_RB ,_, F31 63 babies_NNS who_WPR develop_VB it_PP3 at_IN about_RB four_CD months_NNS F31 63 of_IN age_NN ,_, and_CC in_IN whom_WPOR the_ATI F31 64 trouble_NN clears_VBZ up_RP spontaneously_RB by_IN the_ATI second_OD F31 64 birthday_NN ;_; secondly_RB ,_, F31 65 babies_NNS in_IN whom_WPOR the_ATI rash_NN persists_VBZ after_CS F31 65 this_DT point_NN has_HVZ been_BEN reached_VBN ;_; F31 66 and_CC thirdly_RB ,_, children_NNS who_WPR have_HV no_ATI sign_NN of_IN F31 66 eczema_NN in_IN babyhood_NN ,_, but_CC who_WPR F31 67 develop_VB it_PP3 when_WRB they_PP3AS are_BER around_RB two_CD or_CC F31 67 three_CD years_NNS of_IN age_NN ,_, or_CC even_RB F31 68 later_RBR ._. F31 69 ^ of_IN these_DTS three_CD groups_NNS ,_, the_ATI first_OD is_BEZ F31 69 by_IN far_RB the_ATI most_QL common_JJ ._. F31 70 ^ eczema_NN usually_RB begins_VBZ on_IN the_ATI cheeks_NNS ,_, F31 70 which_WDTR become_VB first_RB bright_JJ F31 71 red_JJ ,_, then_RN very_QL shiny_JJ ._. ^ next_RB the_ATI skin_NN F31 71 begins_VBZ to_TO crack_VB ._. ^ then_RN follows_VBZ F31 72 the_ATI *'_*' weeping_JJ **'_**' stage_NN ._. ^ the_ATI rash_NN F31 72 tends_VBZ to_TO spread_VB from_IN the_ATI child's_NN$ F31 73 cheeks_NNS to_IN his_PP$ head_NN ,_, neck_NN ,_, body_NN and_CC F31 73 limbs_NNS ._. F31 74 ^ it_PP3 's_BEZ an_AT uncomfortable_JJ condition_NN because_IN F31 74 of_IN" the_ATI irritation_NN ,_, and_CC F31 75 unless_CS he_PP3A is_BEZ checked_VBN ,_, the_ATI child_NN will_MD F31 75 inevitably_RB scratch_VB ._. ^ but_CC this_DT is_BEZ F31 76 precisely_RB what_WDT he_PP3A must_MD n't_XNOT do_DO ,_, because_CS F31 76 scratching_NN can_MD lead_VB to_IN bad_JJ F31 77 infection_NN ._. ^ and_CC ,_, quite_RB apart_IN from_IN" anything_PN F31 77 else_RB ,_, skin_NN infections_NNS can_MD F31 78 be_BE passed_VBN on_RP to_IN other_AP people_NNS ,_, although_CS F31 78 eczema_NN itself_PPL is_BEZ never_RB F31 79 contagious_JJ ._. F31 80 ^ how_WRB can_MD this_DT scratching_NN and_CC subsequent_JJ F31 80 infection_NN be_BE prevented_VBN ?_? F31 81 ^ by_IN making_VBG impossible_JJ direct_JJ contact_NN between_IN F31 81 the_ATI baby's_NN$ hands_NNS and_CC the_ATI F31 82 affected_JJ skin_NN ._. ^ this_DT entails_VBZ completely_RB F31 82 covering_VBG the_ATI latter_AP by_IN means_IN" F31 83 of_IN" dry_JJ sterile_JJ gauze_NN and_CC bandages_NNS ,_, and/or_CC F31 83 a_AT washable_JJ cotton_NN garment_NN ._. F31 84 ^ and_CC ,_, unless_CS he_PP3A is_BEZ at_IN an_AT age_NN when_WRB F31 84 he_PP3A can_MD take_VB them_PP3OS off_RP ,_, by_IN putting_VBG his_PP$ F31 85 hands_NNS in_IN cotton_NN mitts_NNS ._. F31 86 ^ cure_NN unknown_JJ ._. F31 87 ^ there_EX is_BEZ no_ATI known_JJ way_NN of_IN curing_VBG eczema_NN F31 87 ._. ^ if_CS it_PP3 's_BEZ going_VBG to_TO clear_VB F31 88 up_RP ,_, as_CS is_BEZ usually_RB the_ATI case_NN ,_, it_PP3 will_MD F31 88 do_DO so_PN of_IN its_PP$ own_AP accord_NN ,_, generally_RB F31 89 when_WRB the_ATI child_NN is_BEZ between_IN eighteen_CD months_NNS F31 89 and_CC two_CD years_NNS of_IN age_NN ._. F31 90 ^ if_CS it_PP3 does_DOZ n't_XNOT go_VB spontaneously_RB by_IN F31 90 this_DT time_NN ,_, it_PP3 's_BEZ likely_JJ to_TO last_VB F31 91 for_IN several_AP years_NNS ,_, as_CS is_BEZ the_ATI case_NN when_WRB F31 91 the_ATI older_JJR child_NN develops_VBZ it_PP3 ._. F31 92 ^ fortunately_RB ,_, in_IN these_DTS circumstances_NNS ,_, the_ATI F31 92 eczema_NN is_BEZ generally_RB the_ATI F31 93 *'_*' dry_JJ **'_**' type_NN ,_, and_CC only_RB slight_JJ ,_, F31 93 restricted_VBN to_IN neck_NN ,_, elbows_NNS ,_, and_CC behind_IN F31 94 the_ATI knees_NNS ._. F31 95 ^ but_CC even_CS though_CS" there_EX is_BEZ no_ATI specific_JJ F31 95 treatment_NN which_WDTR will_MD cure_VB F31 96 eczema_NN ,_, there_EX are_BER ways_NNS by_IN which_WDTR discomfort_NN F31 96 can_MD be_BE greatly_RB eased_VBN ._. F31 97 ^ first_OD on_IN the_ATI list_NN of_IN relief_NN measures_NNS is_BEZ F31 97 a_AT simple_JJ lotion_NN ,_, cream_NN or_CC F31 98 ointment_NN ,_, which_WDTR is_BEZ applied_VBN direct_RB to_IN the_ATI F31 98 affected_JJ skin_NN in_TO order_TO" to_TO" F31 99 relieve_VB the_ATI irritation_NN ._. ^ usually_RB ,_, the_ATI doctor_NN F31 99 will_MD prescribe_VB calamine_NN F31 100 for_IN *'_*' weeping_JJ **'_**' eczema_NN ,_, and_CC zinc_NN cream_NN F31 100 or_CC coal_NN tar_NN ointment_NN for_IN the_ATI F31 101 *'_*' dry_JJ **'_**' type_NN ._. F31 102 ^ sedative_NN ._. F31 103 ^ almost_RB certainly_RB ,_, he_PP3A will_MD prescribe_VB a_AT F31 103 suitable_JJ sedative_NN ,_, too_RB ._. F31 104 ^ probably_RB ,_, one_CD1 which_WDTR is_BEZ also_RB an_AT F31 104 anti-histamine_NN (_( which_WDTR means_VBZ it_PP3 is_BEZ able_JJ F31 105 to_TO offset_VB to_IN some_DTI extent_NN at_RB least_RB" ,_, the_ATI F31 105 irritating_JJ effect_NN of_IN the_ATI F31 106 chemical_JJ substance_NN called_VBN histamine_NN spilling_VBG out_RP F31 106 from_IN body_NN cells_NNS into_IN F31 107 the_ATI tissues_NNS )_) ._. F31 108 ^ something_PN else_RB the_ATI doctor_NN is_BEZ likely_JJ to_TO F31 108 prescribe_VB is_BEZ a_AT special_JJ F31 109 emulsifying_JJ ointment_NN ._. ^ this_DT is_BEZ used_VBN instead_RB F31 109 of_IN ordinary_JJ soap_NN ._. ^ for_IN the_ATI F31 110 latter_AP may_MD well_RB increase_VB the_ATI irritation_NN and_CC F31 110 probably_RB aggravate_VB the_ATI F31 111 rash_NN ._. F31 112 ^ since_CS wool_NN is_BEZ also_RB irritating_JJ to_IN the_ATI F31 112 child_NN with_IN eczema_NN ,_, it_PP3 's_BEZ F31 113 advisable_JJ for_IN his_PP$ mother_NN to_TO make_VB him_PP3O F31 113 removable_JJ linings_NNS or_CC little_JJ F31 114 undergarments_NNS of_IN butter_NN muslin_NN or_CC cotton_NN ._. F31 115 ^ but_CC it_PP3 's_BEZ not_XNOT necessary_JJ to_TO put_VB him_PP3O F31 115 on_IN a_AT special_JJ diet_NN ._. ^ some_DTI F31 116 babies_NNS seem_VB to_TO improve_VB when_WRB fed_VBN on_IN a_AT F31 116 reliable_JJ brand_NN of_IN evaporated_JJ milk_NN F31 117 or_CC soya_NN bean_NN flour_NN instead_RB of_IN fresh_JJ or_CC dried_JJ F31 117 milk_NN ._. ^ but_CC then_RN the_ATI F31 118 well-known_JJ child_NN specialist_NN with_IN whom_WPOR I_PP1A F31 118 discussed_VBD the_ATI subject_NN of_IN F31 119 eczema_NN is_BEZ convinced_VBN that_CS these_DTS children_NNS would_MD F31 119 improve_VB anyway_RB ,_, and_CC that_CS F31 120 it_PP3 has_HVZ nothing_PN to_TO do_DO with_IN the_ATI milk_NN ._. F31 121 ^ one_CD1 last_AP word_NN ._. ^ just_RB as_CS there_EX is_BEZ no_ATI F31 121 specific_JJ cure_NN for_IN eczema_NN ,_, so_CS F31 122 there_EX is_BEZ no_ATI one_CD1 specific_JJ cause_NN ._. ^ F31 122 nevertheless_RB ,_, it_PP3 is_BEZ regarded_VBN as_IN an_AT F31 123 allergic_JJ reaction_NN ,_, although_CS it_PP3 's_BEZ only_RB in_IN F31 123 rare_JJ cases_NNS that_CS a_AT particular_JJ F31 124 substance_NN can_MD be_BE detected_VBN to_IN which_WDTR the_ATI F31 124 child_NN is_BEZ allergic_JJ ._. F31 125 ^ some_DTI believe_VB that_DT eczema_NN is_BEZ caused_VBN by_IN F31 125 emotional_JJ factors_NNS ,_, even_RB in_IN F31 126 the_ATI youngest_JJT baby_NN ._. ^ but_CC while_CS most_AP F31 126 experienced_JJ doctors_NNS will_MD agree_VB that_CS F31 127 the_ATI condition_NN is_BEZ aggravated_VBN by_IN tension_NN ,_, F31 127 they_PP3AS do_DO not_XNOT agree_VB that_CS this_DT is_BEZ F31 128 the_ATI basic_JJ cause_NN ._. ^ except_CS ,_, possibly_RB ,_, in_IN F31 128 the_ATI older_JJR child_NN ._. F31 129 ^ certainly_RB in_IN such_ABL a_AT child_NN ,_, eczema_NN is_BEZ F31 129 made_VBN worse_JJR by_IN parental_JJ F31 130 tension_NN ,_, and_CC by_IN repeated_JJ attempts_NNS to_TO find_VB F31 130 someone_PN who_WPR will_MD cure_VB him_PP3O ._. F31 131 ^ fortunately_RB ,_, it_PP3 's_BEZ equally_RB true_JJ that_CS F31 131 the_ATI condition_NN begins_VBZ to_TO F31 132 improve_VB once_CS the_ATI family_NN doctor_NN can_MD induce_VB the_ATI F31 132 parents_NNS to_TO accept_VB F31 133 philosophically_RB the_ATI fact_NN that_CS their_PP$ child_NN has_HVZ F31 133 eczema_NN ,_, that_CS there_EX is_BEZ no_ATI F31 134 specific_JJ cure_NN ,_, but_CC that_CS ,_, in_IN time_NN ,_, it_PP3 F31 134 's_BEZ almost_RB certain_JJ to_TO disappear_VB ._. F31 135 ^ this_DT spontaneous_JJ disappearance_NN of_IN the_ATI rash_NN F31 135 is_BEZ even_RB more_QL likely_JJ F31 136 when_WRB ,_, in_IN addition_NN to_IN carrying_VBG out_RP the_ATI F31 136 proper_JJ treatment_NN ,_, the_ATI parents_NNS F31 137 are_BER able_JJ to_TO provide_VB tranquillity_NN and_CC happiness_NN F31 137 within_IN the_ATI home_NR itself_PPL ,_, F31 138 and_CC in_IN their_PP$ day-to-day_JJB dealings_NNS with_IN their_PP$ F31 138 child_NN ._. F31 139 ^ talking_VBG about_IN health_NN ._. F31 140 ^ our_PP$ family_NN doctor_NN ._. F31 141 ^ cramp_NN ._. F31 142 ^ she_PP3A was_BEDZ a_AT tall_JJ ,_, slim_JJ ,_, athletic_JJ F31 142 looking_JJ nineteen-year-old_NN ._. F31 143 ^ *'_*' I_PP1A 'm_BEM going_VBG on_IN holiday_NN with_IN friends_NNS F31 143 next_AP month_NN ,_, **'_**' she_PP3A said_VBD ,_, F31 144 *'_*' and_CC want_VB to_TO swim_VB a_AT lot_NN ._. ^ I_PP1A 'm_BEM F31 144 apt_JJ to_TO get_VB cramp_NN and_CC wondered_VBD how_WRB to_TO F31 145 prevent_VB it_PP3 ?_? **'_**' F31 146 ^ *'_*' when_WRB do_DO you_PP2 get_VB cramp_NN ?_? **'_**' F31 147 ^ *'_*' mostly_RB at_IN night_NN ,_, but_CC I_PP1A 'm_BEM worried_JJ F31 147 about_IN getting_VBG it_PP3 while_CS I_PP1A 'm_BEM F31 148 swimming_VBG ._. ^ usually_RB it_PP3 starts_VBZ just_RB as_CS I_PP1A F31 148 'm_BEM going_VBG to_IN sleep_NN ,_, **'_**' she_PP3A added_VBD ._. F31 149 ^ *'_*' always_RB in_IN my_PP$ right_JJ leg_NN ._. ^ here_RN ,_, F31 149 **'_**' touching_VBG her_PP$ calf_NN muscles_NNS ._. ^ *'_*' but_CC F31 150 if_CS I_PP1A get_VB up_RP and_CC stamp_VB around_IN the_ATI bedroom_NN F31 150 it_PP3 soon_RB goes_VBZ ._. **'_**' F31 151 ^ *'_*' does_DOZ it_PP3 happen_VB any_DTI special_JJ night_NN in_IN F31 151 the_ATI week_NN ?_? **'_**' I_PP1A asked_VBD ._. F31 152 ^ she_PP3A said_VBD slowly_RB :_: ^ *'_*' well_UH ,_, I_PP1A 've_HV F31 152 noticed_VBN it_PP3 on_IN Tuesdays_NRS and_CC F31 153 Thursdays_NRS ._. **'_**' F31 154 ^ *'_*' what_WDT do_DO you_PP2 do_DO on_IN those_DTS days_NNS F31 154 that_WPR you_PP2 do_DO n't_XNOT on_IN others_APS ?_? **'_**' F31 155 ^ the_ATI answer_NN was_BEDZ that_CS she_PP3A went_VBD to_IN F31 155 keep-fit_JJB sessions_NNS at_IN a_AT local_JJ F31 156 gymnasium_NN ._. F31 157 ^ *'_*' do_DO you_PP2 perspire_VB a_AT lot_NN ?_? **'_**' F31 158 ^ *'_*' we_PP1AS all_ABN do_DO ,_, but_CC we_PP1AS drink_VB lots_NNS F31 158 of_IN lemonade_NN and_CC that_DT sort_NN of_IN F31 159 thing_NN ._. **'_**' F31 161 ^ I_PP1A explained_VBD to_IN her_PP3O that_CS cramp_NN is_BEZ F31 161 often_RB caused_VBN by_IN having_HVG lost_VBN F31 162 salt_NN through_IN sweating_NN ._. F31 164 ^ *'_*' you_PP2 get_VB thirsty_JJ and_CC drink_VB a_AT lot_NN ._. F31 165 ^ *'_*' all_ABN the_ATI body_NN fluids_NNS are_BER salty_JJ ,_, F31 165 and_CC the_ATI salt_NN and_CC water_NN is_BEZ F31 166 carefully_RB balanced_VBN ._. ^ lose_VB water_NN and_CC salt_NN by_IN F31 166 sweating_VBG profusely_RB and_CC F31 167 they_PP3AS stay_VB in_IN balance_NN ._. ^ replace_VB only_RB the_ATI F31 167 water_NN and_CC the_ATI balance_NN of_IN salt_NN F31 168 gets_VBZ upset_VBN and_CC that_DT shows_VBZ up_RP very_QL commonly_RB F31 168 as_IN a_AT muscular_JJ cramp_NN later_RBR F31 169 on_RP ._. F31 170 ^ *'_*' you_PP2 must_MD try_VB what_WDT people_NNS do_DO in_IN F31 170 hot_JJ countries_NNS ._. ^ drop_VB a_AT salt_JJ F31 171 tablet_NN into_IN the_ATI water_NN or_CC lemonade_NN and_CC you_PP2 F31 171 replace_VB both_ABX salt_NN and_CC water_NN ._. F31 172 ^ then_RN you_PP2 will_MD n't_XNOT get_VB cramp_NN ._. **'_**' F31 174 ^ on_IN holiday_NN ,_, I_PP1A told_VBD her_PP3O ,_, she_PP3A F31 174 was_BEDZ more_QL likely_JJ to_TO get_VB cramp_NN if_CS she_PP3A F31 175 swam_VBD soon_RB after_IN a_AT meal_NN ._. F31 177 ^ *'_*' wait_VB at_RB least_RB" an_AT hour_NN after_IN eating_VBG F31 177 ,_, and_CC never_RB swim_VB when_WRB you_PP2 F31 178 are_BER cold_JJ ._. ^ warm_VB up_RP your_PP$ muscles_NNS by_IN F31 178 running_VBG about_RP and_CC doing_VBG a_AP few_AP" F31 179 exercises_NNS before_CS you_PP2 go_VB into_IN the_ATI water_NN ._. F31 180 ^ *'_*' if_CS ever_RB you_PP2 do_DO get_VB cramp_NN in_IN the_ATI F31 180 water_NN ,_, do_DO n't_XNOT panic_VB ._. ^ float_VB on_IN F31 181 your_PP$ back_NN and_CC use_VB your_PP$ hands_NNS and_CC arms_NNS to_TO F31 181 scull_VB yourself_PPL back_RP to_IN the_ATI F31 182 beach_NN ._. F31 183 ^ *'_*' then_RN pull_VB the_ATI cramped_JJ leg_NN right_RB up_RP F31 183 to_IN your_PP$ chest_NN and_CC massage_VB F31 184 the_ATI affected_JJ calf_NN muscles_NNS ._. ^ if_CS you_PP2 can_MD F31 184 get_VB some_DTI heat_NN into_IN them_PP3OS *-_*- say_VB F31 185 from_IN a_AT handkerchief_NN soaked_VBN in_IN a_AT thermos_NN of_IN F31 185 hot_JJ tea_NN *-_*- so_QL much_RB the_ATI F31 186 better_JJR ._. F31 187 ^ *'_*' and_CC if_CS you_PP2 should_MD get_VB cramp_NN again_RB F31 187 in_IN bed_NN at_IN night_NN pull_VB your_PP$ leg_NN F31 188 up_RP to_IN your_PP$ chest_NN ._. ^ then_RN try_VB to_TO pull_VB F31 188 your_PP$ toes_NNS up_RP towards_IN your_PP$ chin_NN ._. F31 189 ^ that_DT lengthens_VBZ and_CC stretches_VBZ the_ATI contracted_JJ F31 189 muscles_NNS and_CC the_ATI cramp_NN F31 190 will_MD soon_RB go_VB ._. **'_**' F31 191 ^ I_PP1A learnt_VBD later_RBR that_CS she_PP3A had_HVD a_AT F31 191 really_RB wonderful_JJ holiday_NN with_IN never_RB F31 192 a_AT hint_NN of_IN cramp_NN ._. ^ \0Dr_NPT Meridith_NP ._. F31 193 ^ hoping_VBG for_IN a_AT baby_NN ._. F31 194 ^ discussing_VBG delayed_JJ pregnancy_NN ,_, Joan_NP Williams_NP F31 194 \0S.R.N_NPT ,_, F31 195 \0S.C.M_NPT emphasizes_VBZ that_CS ,_, with_IN rare_JJ exceptions_NNS F31 195 ,_, every_AT young_JJ couple_NN F31 196 may_MD become_VB parents_NNS ._. F31 197 ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ a_AT known_JJ fact_NN that_CS within_IN the_ATI F31 197 framework_NN of_IN marriages_NNS F31 198 where_WRB there_EX is_BEZ a_AT complete_JJ and_CC natural_JJ sex_NN F31 198 relationship_NN ,_, pregnancy_NN will_MD F31 199 begin_VB within_IN a_AT year_NN for_IN about_RB eighty_CD out_RP of_IN F31 199 a_AT hundred_CD couples_NNS ._. ^ and_CC F31 200 with_IN only_RB a_AT further_JJB ten_CD per_NNU cent_NNU" will_MD F31 200 it_PP3 occur_VB during_IN the_ATI second_OD year_NN ._. F31 201 ^ obviously_RB then_RN ,_, a_AT couple_NN who_WPR have_HV tried_VBN F31 201 unsuccessfully_RB for_IN a_AT F31 202 whole_JJ year_NN to_TO have_HV a_AT baby_NN are_BER justified_VBN in_IN F31 202 thinking_VBG that_CS something_PN may_MD F31 203 be_BE wrong_JJ ._. ^ and_CC they_PP3AS are_BER equally_RB justified_VBN F31 203 in_IN seeking_VBG medical_JJ advice_NN ._. F31 204 ^ indeed_RB ,_, they_PP3AS would_MD be_BE wise_JJ to_TO do_DO so_PN :_: F31 204 particularly_RB if_CS the_ATI wife_NN is_BEZ in_IN F31 205 her_PP$ late_JJ twenties_CDS or_CC older_JJR ._. F31 206 ^ they_PP3AS may_MD well_RB find_VB that_CS the_ATI delay_NN has_HVZ F31 206 a_AT very_QL simple_JJ explanation_NN F31 207 which_WDTR is_BEZ quickly_RB revealed_VBN through_IN a_AT quiet_JJ F31 207 talk_NN with_IN their_PP$ doctor_NN ._. ^ for_CS F31 208 often_RB the_ATI root_NN of_IN the_ATI trouble_NN is_BEZ their_PP$ F31 208 lack_NN of_IN true_JJ understanding_NN in_IN F31 209 regard_NN to_IN marital_JJ relationship_NN ,_, and/or_CC the_ATI F31 209 fertile_JJ phase_NN in_IN the_ATI F31 210 menstrual_JJ cycle_NN ._. F31 211 ^ adjustment_NN ._. F31 212 ^ in_IN this_DT case_NN ,_, the_ATI putting_NN into_IN practice_NN F31 212 of_IN necessary_JJ F31 213 adjustments_NNS will_MD probably_RB lead_VB to_IN the_ATI desired_JJ F31 213 pregnancy_NN within_IN a_AP few_AP" F31 214 months_NNS ._. ^ or_CC maybe_RB even_RB sooner_RBR ._. F31 215 ^ and_CC if_CS the_ATI doctor_NN can_MD not_XNOT find_VB any_DTI F31 215 obvious_JJ cause_NN for_IN the_ATI delay_NN in_IN F31 216 conception_NN ?_? ^ if_CS he_PP3A advises_VBZ specialist_JJ F31 216 investigation_NN ?_? ^ there_EX is_BEZ still_RB F31 217 no_ATI cause_NN for_IN despondency_NN or_CC apprehension_NN ._. ^ F31 217 for_CS true_JJ sterility_NN is_BEZ rare_JJ ,_, F31 218 and_CC there_EX is_BEZ every_AT chance_NN that_CS the_ATI cause_NN F31 218 or_CC causes_NNS of_IN delay_NN will_MD be_BE F31 219 found_VBN through_IN tests_NNS *-_*- none_PN of_IN which_WDTR is_BEZ F31 219 in_IN the_ATI least_AP alarming_JJ ._. F31 220 ^ (_( a_AT brief_JJ description_NN of_IN what_WDT is_BEZ likely_JJ F31 220 to_TO be_BE involved_VBN is_BEZ given_VBN in_IN F31 221 my_PP$ free_JJ newsheet_NN entitled_VBN *'_*' routine_JJ fertility_NN F31 221 tests_NNS ._. **'_**' F32 2 ^ important_JJ series_NN for_IN mothers-to-be_NNS ._. F32 3 ^ \0no_NN 6_CD the_ATI long_JJ wait_NN over_RP ._. F32 5 ^ during_IN pregnancy_NN ,_, a_AT baby_NN lies_VBZ curled_VBD up_RP F32 5 in_IN his_PP$ mother's_NN$ F32 6 womb_NN ,_, surrounded_VBN by_IN a_AT bag_NN of_IN warm_JJ ,_, F32 6 protective_JJ fluid_NN ._. ^ the_ATI neck_NN of_IN the_ATI F32 7 womb_NN (_( cervix_NN )_) is_BEZ tightly_RB closed_VBN beneath_IN F32 7 him_PP3O ,_, and_CC sealed_VBN with_IN a_AT plug_NN of_IN F32 8 jelly-like_JJ mucus_NN ,_, which_WDTR prevents_VBZ infection_NN from_IN F32 8 getting_VBG to_IN the_ATI womb_NN ._. F32 9 ^ when_WRB he_PP3A is_BEZ ready_JJ to_TO be_BE born_VBN ,_, three_CD F32 9 things_NNS must_MD happen_VB ._. ^ the_ATI plug_NN F32 10 of_IN mucus_NN must_MD drop_VB away_RP ,_, then_RN the_ATI womb_NN F32 10 is_BEZ no_RB longer_RBR sealed_VBN ._. F32 11 ^ the_ATI cervix_NN must_MD stretch_VB sufficiently_RB to_TO let_VB F32 11 the_ATI baby_NN pass_VB through_RP F32 12 into_IN the_ATI front_JJB passage_NN ,_, and_CC the_ATI bag_NN of_IN F32 12 membrane_NN which_WDTR holds_VBZ the_ATI F32 13 protective_JJ fluid_NN must_MD give_VB way_NN ,_, allowing_VBG the_ATI F32 13 fluid_NN to_TO escape_VB *-_*- F32 14 otherwise_RB the_ATI baby_NN would_MD be_BE held_VBN in_IN the_ATI F32 14 womb_NN even_RB after_CS the_ATI cervix_NN had_HVD F32 15 stretched_VBN completely_RB ._. F32 16 ^ usually_RB ,_, the_ATI first_OD thing_NN that_WPR the_ATI F32 16 mother_NN notices_VBZ when_WRB labour_NN F32 17 begins_VBZ ,_, is_BEZ that_CS the_ATI tightening_NN and_CC relaxing_NN F32 17 of_IN her_PP$ womb_NN (_( which_WDTR has_HVZ F32 18 been_BEN going_VBG on_RP for_IN some_DTI time_NN during_IN pregnancy_NN F32 18 )_) has_HVZ suddenly_RB taken_VBN on_IN a_AT F32 19 rhythm_NN ._. F32 20 ^ that_DT is_BEZ ,_, the_ATI contractions_NNS are_BER occurring_VBG F32 20 regularly_RB ._. F32 21 ^ when_WRB this_DT happens_VBZ ,_, even_CS though_CS" half_ABN an_AT F32 21 hour_NN ,_, or_CC even_RB longer_RBR ,_, F32 22 may_MD pass_VB between_IN contractions_NNS ,_, she_PP3A will_MD know_VB F32 22 that_CS her_PP$ labour_NN has_HVZ F32 23 started_VBN ._. F32 24 ^ with_IN or_CC without_IN regular_JJ contractions_NNS ,_, she_PP3A F32 24 may_MD have_HV a_AT *'_*' show_NN ._. **'_**' F32 25 ^ this_DT is_BEZ just_RB the_ATI plug_NN of_IN mucus_NN which_WDTR F32 25 has_HVZ left_VBN the_ATI cervix_NN and_CC passed_VBN F32 26 down_IN the_ATI vagina_NN ._. ^ usually_RB it_PP3 is_BEZ streaked_VBN F32 26 with_IN a_AP little_AP" blood_NN ._. F32 27 ^ although_CS it_PP3 's_BEZ as_QL well_JJ to_TO notify_VB F32 27 hospital_NN or_CC midwife_NN when_WRB labour_NN F32 28 contractions_NNS are_BER coming_VBG at_IN fifteen_CD minute_NN F32 28 intervals_NNS ,_, or_CC less_AP ,_, there_EX 's_BEZ F32 29 no_ATI need_NN ,_, as_IN a_AT rule_NN ,_, to_TO do_DO anything_PN F32 29 about_IN a_AT show_NN which_WDTR is_BEZ not_XNOT F32 30 accompanied_VBN by_IN either_DTX of_IN the_ATI other_AP two_CD F32 30 signs_NNS of_IN labour_NN ._. F32 31 ^ however_RB ,_, if_CS the_ATI show_NN contains_VBZ more_AP blood_NN F32 31 than_CS would_MD go_VB on_IN a_AT F32 32 penny_NN ,_, then_RN it_PP3 's_BEZ a_AT wise_JJ precaution_NN to_TO F32 32 seek_VB advice_NN ._. ^ for_IN this_DT might_MD F32 33 mean_VB that_CS labour_NN is_BEZ progressing_VBG more_QL rapidly_RB F32 33 than_CS is_BEZ expected_VBN ._. F32 34 ^ sometimes_RB the_ATI first_OD sign_NN that_CS labour_NN has_HVZ F32 34 begun_VBN is_BEZ the_ATI breaking_NN of_IN F32 35 the_ATI bag_NN of_IN waters_NNS ,_, or_CC *'_*' rupture_NN of_IN F32 35 the_ATI membranes_NNS ._. **'_**' ^ there_EX is_BEZ a_AT F32 36 sudden_JJ ,_, uncontrolled_JJ gush_NN of_IN fluid_NN ,_, which_WDTR F32 36 comes_VBZ from_IN the_ATI womb_NN ,_, not_XNOT F32 37 from_IN the_ATI bladder_NN ._. F32 38 ^ in_IN point_NN of_IN fact_NN ,_, the_ATI waters_NNS can_MD F32 38 break_VB at_IN any_DTI time_NN during_IN labour_NN ._. F32 39 ^ sometimes_RB this_DT does_DOZ n't_XNOT happen_VB until_CS the_ATI F32 39 baby_NN is_BEZ ready_JJ to_TO be_BE born_VBN ._. F32 40 ^ but_CC when_WRB they_PP3AS break_VB right_RB at_IN the_ATI F32 40 beginning_NN ,_, even_CS though_CS" there_EX have_HV F32 41 been_BEN no_ATI regular_JJ contractions_NNS ,_, and_CC no_ATI show_NN F32 41 ,_, it_PP3 's_BEZ a_AT sign_NN that_CS baby_NN is_BEZ F32 42 starting_VBG his_PP$ journey_NN ,_, and_CC the_ATI expectant_JJ F32 42 mother_NN should_MD notify_VB hospital_NN F32 43 or_CC midwife_NN ._. F32 45 ^ the_ATI first_OD stage_NN of_IN labour_NN progresses_VBZ F32 45 steadily_RB ,_, but_CC quite_RB F32 46 slowly_RB ,_, as_IN a_AT rule_NN ._. ^ with_IN first_OD babies_NNS F32 46 it_PP3 may_MD take_VB anything_PN up_RP to_IN F32 47 twenty-four_CD hours_NNS or_CC so_PN ._. ^ during_IN this_DT time_NN F32 47 ,_, the_ATI regular_JJ ,_, rhythmic_JJ F32 48 contractions_NNS of_IN the_ATI womb_NN gradually_RB draw_VB open_JJ ,_, F32 48 or_CC stretch_VB ,_, the_ATI cervix_NN ._. F32 49 ^ as_CS the_ATI cervix_NN stretches_VBZ ,_, the_ATI baby_NN sinks_VBZ F32 49 lower_RBR in_IN the_ATI womb_NN ._. F32 50 ^ usually_RB an_AT expectant_JJ mother_NN is_BEZ quite_RB happy_JJ F32 50 to_TO remain_VB up_RP and_CC about_RP F32 51 during_IN the_ATI early_JJ first_OD stage_NN of_IN labour_NN *-_*- F32 51 unless_CS it_PP3 's_BEZ night_NN time_NN ,_, of_RB F32 52 course_RB" ._. ^ it_PP3 's_BEZ when_WRB contractions_NNS are_BER F32 52 stronger_JJR ,_, and_CC more_QL frequent_JJ ,_, that_CS F32 53 she_PP3A prefers_VBZ to_TO lie_VB down_RP ._. ^ various_JJ F32 53 preparations_NNS and_CC examinations_NNS are_BER F32 54 carried_VBN out_RP during_IN this_DT stage_NN of_IN labour_NN ._. ^ F32 54 preparations_NNS such_IN as_IN" shaving_VBG F32 55 away_RP body_NN hair_NN ,_, and_CC giving_VBG an_AT enema_NN ,_, to_TO F32 55 ensure_VB cleanliness_NN when_WRB the_ATI F32 56 baby_NN is_BEZ born_VBN ._. ^ and_CC examinations_NNS to_TO discover_VB F32 56 how_WRB rapidly_RB labour_NN is_BEZ F32 57 progressing_VBG ,_, and_CC to_TO check_VB the_ATI condition_NN of_IN F32 57 both_ABX mother_NN and_CC baby_NN ._. F32 58 ^ the_ATI commonest_JJT ,_, and_CC most_QL frequent_JJ ,_, of_IN F32 58 these_DTS examinations_NNS is_BEZ a_AT F32 59 regular_JJ pulse_NN ,_, temperature_NN and_CC blood_NN pressure_NN F32 59 check_NN ,_, and_CC gentle_JJ F32 60 examination_NN of_IN the_ATI mother's_NN$ tummy_NN to_TO track_VB F32 60 baby's_NN$ downward_JJB progress_NN ._. F32 61 ^ combined_VBN with_IN careful_JJ listening_NN to_IN his_PP$ F32 61 heartbeats_NNS through_IN a_AT little_JJ F32 62 metal_NN stethoscope_NN ._. F32 63 ^ but_CC ,_, in_IN addition_NN to_IN these_DTS regular_JJ F32 63 examinations_NNS ,_, it_PP3 is_BEZ quite_RB usual_JJ F32 64 for_IN an_AT internal_JJ examination_NN to_TO be_BE made_VBN some_DTI F32 64 time_NN during_IN labour_NN *-_*- or_CC F32 65 maybe_RB more_AP than_IN one_CD1 ._. F32 66 ^ this_DT is_BEZ nothing_PN to_TO be_BE alarmed_JJ about_IN ._. ^ F32 66 if_CS the_ATI doctor_NN or_CC midwife_NN F32 67 decides_VBZ that_CS such_ABL an_AT examination_NN is_BEZ needed_VBN F32 67 it_PP3 does_DOZ n't_XNOT mean_VB that_CS there_EX F32 68 is_BEZ anything_PN wrong_JJ ._. F32 69 ^ simply_RB that_CS it_PP3 's_BEZ the_ATI most_QL accurate_JJ way_NN F32 69 ,_, at_IN that_DT point_NN ,_, of_IN F32 70 checking_VBG how_WRB far_RB labour_NN has_HVZ progressed_VBN ,_, of_IN F32 70 estimating_VBG how_WRB much_RB longer_RBR F32 71 it_PP3 is_BEZ likely_JJ to_TO last_VB ,_, and_CC of_IN deciding_VBG F32 71 how_WRB best_RBT to_TO help_VB the_ATI mother_NN F32 72 relax_VB ,_, so_CS that_CS" she_PP3A can_MD co-operate_VB with_IN F32 72 the_ATI contractions_NNS that_WPR are_BER F32 73 bringing_VBG her_PP$ baby_NN into_IN the_ATI world_NN ._. F32 75 ^ it_PP3 's_BEZ during_IN the_ATI first_OD stage_NN of_IN labour_NN F32 75 that_CS the_ATI fruits_NNS of_IN an_AT F32 76 expectant_JJ mother's_NN$ daily_JJ practice_NN of_IN relaxation_NN F32 76 and_CC breath_NN control_NN can_MD F32 77 really_RB come_VB into_IN their_PP$ own_AP ._. F32 78 ^ for_CS if_CS she_PP3A is_BEZ able_JJ to_TO relax_VB ,_, and_CC F32 78 *'_*' go_VB with_IN **'_**' each_DT contraction_NN ,_, F32 79 she_PP3A will_MD not_XNOT only_RB be_BE helping_VBG herself_PPL to_TO F32 79 experience_VB the_ATI minimum_NN of_IN F32 80 discomfort_NN ,_, but_CC she_PP3A will_MD also_RB be_BE helping_VBG F32 80 the_ATI contraction_NN to_TO exert_VB the_ATI F32 81 maximum_JJ stretching_NN power_NN on_IN her_PP$ cervix_NN ._. F32 82 ^ this_DT can_MD result_VB in_IN a_AT shorter_JJR labour_NN ,_, F32 82 for_CS it_PP3 follows_VBZ that_CS the_ATI more_RBR F32 83 the_ATI cervix_NN stretches_VBZ with_IN each_DT contraction_NN ,_, F32 83 the_ATI fewer_AP contractions_NNS F32 84 will_MD be_BE needed_VBN for_IN the_ATI end_NN result_NN ._. F32 85 ^ this_DT does_DOZ not_XNOT mean_VB ,_, however_RB ,_, that_CS an_AT F32 85 expectant_JJ mother_NN carries_VBZ the_ATI F32 86 responsibility_NN for_IN the_ATI duration_NN or_CC outcome_NN of_IN F32 86 her_PP$ labour_NN ._. ^ simply_RB that_CS F32 87 she_PP3A can_MD help_VB ,_, as_IN a_AT rule_NN ._. F32 89 ^ in_IN addition_NN to_IN her_PP$ efforts_NNS in_IN this_DT F32 89 direction_NN ,_, she_PP3A should_MD F32 90 never_RB hesitate_VB to_TO accept_VB any_DTI drug_NN or_CC gas_NN F32 90 that_WPR may_MD be_BE offered_VBN to_TO help_VB F32 91 her_PP3O ._. ^ for_CS such_ABL drugs_NNS in_IN no_ATI way_NN prevent_VB F32 91 her_PP3O from_IN having_HVG a_AT natural_JJ F32 92 birth_NN ,_, and_CC their_PP$ use_NN does_DOZ not_XNOT in_IN any_DTI F32 92 way_NN mean_VB either_DTX that_CS something_PN is_BEZ F32 93 not_XNOT quite_RB right_JJ or_CC that_CS she_PP3A is_BEZ not_XNOT F32 93 managing_VBG splendidly_RB ._. ^ far_RB from_IN F32 94 it_PP3 ._. F32 95 ^ the_ATI purpose_NN of_IN these_DTS drugs_NNS is_BEZ to_TO back_VB F32 95 up_RP the_ATI mother's_NN$ work_NN ,_, to_TO F32 96 help_VB her_PP3O relax_VB not_XNOT only_RB between_IN ,_, but_CC F32 96 also_RB during_IN contractions_NNS ,_, and_CC to_TO F32 97 diminish_VB the_ATI sensation_NN of_IN those_DTS contractions_NNS F32 97 when_WRB they_PP3AS become_VB strong_JJ ._. F32 98 ^ but_CC to_TO diminish_VB the_ATI sensation_NN without_IN in_IN F32 98 any_DTI way_NN undermining_VBG their_PP$ F32 99 usefulness_NN ._. F32 100 ^ as_CS the_ATI first_OD stage_NN of_IN labour_NN draws_VBZ F32 100 towards_IN its_PP$ close_NN ,_, the_ATI F32 101 contractions_NNS become_VB stronger_JJR and_CC much_RB closer_RBR F32 101 together_RB ._. ^ usually_RB they_PP3AS F32 102 arrive_VB at_IN two_CD to_IN three_CD minute_NN intervals_NNS just_RB F32 102 before_CS baby_NN is_BEZ ready_JJ to_TO F32 103 be_BE born_VBN ._. F32 104 ^ it_PP3 's_BEZ at_IN this_DT stage_NN that_CS many_AP a_AT F32 104 mother_NN feels_VBZ a_AT bit_NN panicky_JJ *-_*- feels_VBZ F32 105 that_CS she_PP3A 's_BEZ being_BEG swept_VBN along_RP on_IN a_AT tide_NN F32 105 that_WPR she_PP3A can_MD n't_XNOT control_VB ._. ^ she_PP3A F32 106 wants_VBZ to_TO bear_VB down_RP ,_, perhaps_RB ,_, but_CC it_PP3 's_BEZ F32 106 not_XNOT quite_RB time_NN for_IN her_PP3O to_TO do_DO so_PN ._. F32 107 ^ she_PP3A longs_VBZ for_IN her_PP$ labour_NN to_TO be_BE over_RP ,_, F32 107 and_CC for_IN a_AT very_QL little_JJ while_NN she_PP3A F32 108 may_MD be_BE afraid_JJ ._. F32 109 ^ but_CC it_PP3 will_MD help_VB her_PP3O if_CS she_PP3A will_MD F32 109 hold_VB hard_RB to_IN the_ATI knowledge_NN that_CS F32 110 all_ABN this_DT is_BEZ quite_RB natural_JJ ,_, and_CC that_CS it_PP3 F32 110 simply_RB means_VBZ that_CS it_PP3 's_BEZ almost_RB F32 111 time_NN for_IN her_PP3O to_TO work_VB really_RB hard_RB ,_, and_CC F32 111 push_VB her_PP$ baby_NN into_IN the_ATI world_NN ._. F32 112 ^ deep_JJ breathing_NN ,_, and_CC the_ATI use_NN of_IN the_ATI F32 112 gas_NN and_CC air_NN apparatus_NN which_WDTR is_BEZ F32 113 usually_RB offered_VBN ,_, will_MD help_VB her_PP3O over_IN this_DT F32 113 last_AP difficult_JJ phase_NN of_IN the_ATI F32 114 first_OD stage_NN of_IN labour_NN ._. F32 115 ^ and_CC ,_, in_IN a_AT very_QL short_JJ while_NN ,_, the_ATI F32 115 moment_NN will_MD come_VB when_WRB the_ATI midwife_NN F32 116 or_CC doctor_NN will_MD say_VB that_CS the_ATI cervix_NN is_BEZ F32 116 stretched_VBN completely_RB ,_, and_CC that_CS F32 117 now_RN she_PP3A can_MD do_DO what_WDT she_PP3A 's_HVZ been_BEN F32 117 waiting_VBG to_TO do_DO *-_*- work_VB as_QL hard_RB as_CS she_PP3A F32 118 possibly_RB can_MD ,_, with_IN the_ATI contractions_NNS of_IN her_PP$ F32 118 womb_NN ,_, to_TO help_VB her_PP$ baby_NN to_TO F32 119 be_BE born_VBN ._. F32 120 ^ for_CS now_RN ,_, instead_RB of_IN relaxing_VBG both_ABX F32 120 between_IN and_CC during_IN F32 121 contractions_NNS ,_, it_PP3 's_BEZ a_AT case_NN of_IN relaxing_VBG F32 121 between_IN them_PP3OS to_TO gather_VB strength_NN F32 122 for_IN the_ATI next_AP effort_NN ,_, and_CC really_RB working_VBG F32 122 when_WRB it_PP3 comes_VBZ ._. F32 123 ^ with_IN each_DT contraction_NN ,_, she_PP3A will_MD be_BE F32 123 asked_VBN to_TO take_VB a_AT really_RB deep_JJ F32 124 breath_NN ,_, to_TO hold_VB it_PP3 ,_, and_CC to_TO bear_VB down_RP F32 124 as_QL hard_RB as_CS she_PP3A can_MD ,_, and_CC for_IN as_QL F32 125 long_RB as_CS she_PP3A can_MD ._. ^ for_CS with_IN each_DT F32 125 contraction_NN ,_, baby_NN comes_VBZ a_RB little_RB" F32 126 nearer_IN the_ATI outside_JJB world_NN ._. F32 127 ^ soon_RB the_ATI head_NN can_MD be_BE seen_VBN ._. ^ a_AP few_AP" F32 127 more_AP pushes_NNS ,_, and_CC it_PP3 's_BEZ half_RB F32 128 born_VBN ._. ^ and_CC then_RN the_ATI mother_NN will_MD be_BE asked_VBN F32 128 to_TO stop_VB pushing_VBG ,_, and_CC to_TO F32 129 breathe_VB quickly_RB in_RP and_CC out_RP *-_*- like_IN a_AT dog_NN F32 129 panting_VBG ._. F32 130 ^ this_DT helps_VBZ whoever_WP is_BEZ delivering_VBG the_ATI baby_NN F32 130 to_TO hold_VB the_ATI head_NN gently_RB F32 131 until_CS the_ATI force_NN of_IN the_ATI contraction_NN passes_VBZ ,_, F32 131 and_CC then_RN to_TO guide_VB it_PP3 gently_RB F32 132 into_IN the_ATI world_NN between_IN contractions_NNS ,_, so_RB F32 132 reducing_VBG the_ATI possibility_NN F32 133 of_IN stitches_NNS being_BEG needed_VBN ._. F32 134 ^ once_CS baby's_NN$ head_NN is_BEZ delivered_VBN the_ATI rest_NN F32 134 of_IN the_ATI body_NN follows_VBZ F32 135 quickly_RB ._. ^ the_ATI second_OD stage_NN of_IN labour_NN is_BEZ F32 135 over_RP ._. ^ baby_NN is_BEZ born_VBN ._. ^ here_RN at_RB F32 136 last_RB" ._. F32 137 ^ a_AT gasp_NN ,_, and_CC a_AT lusty_JJ yell_NN ._. ^ the_ATI F32 137 cord_NN is_BEZ tied_VBN and_CC cut_VBN ,_, and_CC baby_NN is_BEZ F32 138 snugly_RB wrapped_VBN in_IN a_AT warm_JJ blanket_NN ._. ^ and_CC ,_, F32 138 for_IN the_ATI first_OD time_NN ,_, Mother_NPT can_MD F32 139 hold_VB him_PP3O in_IN her_PP$ arms_NNS ._. F32 140 ^ it_PP3 just_RB remains_VBZ for_IN the_ATI afterbirth_NN to_TO F32 140 come_VB away_RP ._. ^ this_DT only_RB takes_VBZ F32 141 a_AP few_AP" minutes_NNS as_IN a_AT rule_NN ,_, and_CC we_PP1AS call_VB F32 141 it_PP3 the_ATI third_OD stage_NN of_IN labour_NN ._. F32 142 ^ the_ATI new_JJ mother_NN need_MD n't_XNOT give_VB it_PP3 a_AT F32 142 thought_NN ._. F32 144 ^ she_PP3A can_MD lie_VB back_RP and_CC enjoy_VB her_PP$ baby_NN ,_, F32 144 until_CS the_ATI midwife_NN ,_, F32 145 knowing_VBG that_CS the_ATI afterbirth_NN is_BEZ ready_JJ to_TO pop_VB F32 145 out_RP ,_, either_DTX asks_VBZ her_PP3O to_TO F32 146 relax_VB while_CS her_PP$ tummy_NN is_BEZ pressed_VBN gently_RB ,_, F32 146 or_CC else_RB to_TO take_VB a_AT deep_JJ breath_NN F32 147 and_CC to_TO push_VB down_RP as_CS she_PP3A did_DOD when_WRB the_ATI F32 147 baby_NN arrived_VBD ._. F32 148 ^ one_CD1 contraction_NN ,_, and_CC the_ATI afterbirth_NN comes_VBZ F32 148 away_RP !_! F32 149 ^ everything_PN is_BEZ over_RP ._. ^ a_AT proud_JJ mother_NN is_BEZ F32 149 made_VBN clean_JJ and_CC F32 150 comfortable_JJ ,_, and_CC is_BEZ given_VBN the_ATI best_JJT cup_NN F32 150 of_IN tea_NN she_PP3A 's_HVZ ever_RB tasted_VBN ._. F32 151 ^ a_AT brand_NN new_JJ baby_NN is_BEZ washed_VBN ,_, weighed_VBN F32 151 and_CC dressed_VBN ._. ^ then_RN when_WRB both_ABX F32 152 have_HV rested_VBN from_IN their_PP$ efforts_NNS ,_, they_PP3AS can_MD F32 152 lie_VB back_RP and_CC receive_VB the_ATI F32 153 congratulations_NNS and_CC good_JJ wishes_NNS of_IN relatives_NNS F32 153 and_CC friends_NNS ._. ^ and_CC how_WRB F32 154 well_RB deserved_VBN they_PP3AS are_BER !_! F32 155 ^ other_AP mothers'_NNS$ problems_NNS ._. F32 156 ^ answered_VBN by_IN Joan_NP Williams_NP ,_, \0S.R.N_NPT ,_, F32 156 \0S.C.M_NPT ._. F32 158 ^ vitamin_NN C_ZZ ._. F32 159 ^ my_PP$ baby_NN ,_, Aileen_NP ,_, is_BEZ ten_CD weeks_NNS old_JJ F32 159 ,_, fully_RB breast_NN fed_VBN ,_, and_CC F32 160 thriving_VBG well_RB ._. ^ but_CC there_EX 's_BEZ just_RB one_CD1 F32 160 difficulty_NN *-_*- neither_DTX welfare_NN F32 161 orange_NN juice_NN ,_, rose_NN hip_NN syrup_NN ,_, nor_CC F32 161 blackcurrant_NN juice_NN ,_, seems_VBZ to_TO suit_VB F32 162 her_PP3O ._. ^ all_ABN three_CD bring_VB her_PP3O out_RP in_IN a_AT F32 162 rash_NN ,_, even_CS though_CS" I_PP1A follow_VB the_ATI F32 163 directions_NNS very_QL carefully_RB when_WRB giving_VBG them_PP3OS ._. ^ F32 163 have_HV you_PP2 any_DTI suggestions_NNS ,_, F32 164 please_UH ?_? F32 165 ^ possibly_RB your_PP$ baby_NN may_MD be_BE sensitive_JJ to_IN F32 165 some_DTI substance_NN F32 166 contained_VBN in_IN all_ABN three_CD of_IN the_ATI vitamin_NN C_ZZ F32 166 drinks_NNS you_PP2 have_HV given_VBN her_PP3O ._. ^ if_CS F32 167 that_DT is_BEZ so_PN ,_, then_RN your_PP$ doctor_NN is_BEZ the_ATI F32 167 person_NN to_TO guide_VB you_PP2 ._. ^ but_CC before_IN F32 168 taking_VBG Aileen_NP to_IN him_PP3O ,_, try_VB giving_VBG her_PP3O F32 168 fresh_JJ orange_NN juice_NN ._. F32 169 ^ squeeze_VB the_ATI juice_NN from_IN a_AT cut_JJ orange_NN ,_, F32 169 making_VBG quite_RB sure_JJ that_CS it_PP3 F32 170 contains_VBZ no_ATI pips_NNS or_CC bits_NNS ,_, and_CC give_VB baby_NN F32 170 just_RB one_CD1 teaspoon_NN of_IN this_DT in_IN a_AP F32 171 little_AP" cool_JJ ,_, boiled_JJ water_NN ,_, with_IN just_RB a_AT F32 171 tiny_JJ bit_NN of_IN sugar_NN *-_*- less_AP than_IN a_AT F32 172 quarter_NN teaspoon_NN *-_*- to_TO taste_VB ._. F32 173 ^ if_CS she_PP3A tolerates_VBZ this_DT without_IN trouble_NN ,_, F32 173 then_RN gradually_RB work_VB up_RP the_ATI F32 174 amount_NN until_CS she_PP3A is_BEZ having_HVG a_AT tablespoon_NN of_IN F32 174 pure_JJ juice_NN ,_, in_IN a_AT couple_NN of_IN F32 175 ounces_NNS of_IN boiled_JJ water_NN ,_, and_CC a_AT teaspoon_NN of_IN F32 175 sugar_NN ._. ^ but_CC do_DO n't_XNOT F32 176 continue_VB giving_VBG the_ATI juice_NN if_CS she_PP3A shows_VBZ F32 176 the_ATI slightest_JJT sign_NN of_IN F32 177 sickness_NN ,_, loose_JJ motions_NNS ,_, tummy_NN discomfort_NN or_CC F32 177 a_AT rash_NN ._. F32 178 ^ if_CS any_DTI of_IN these_DTS happen_VB ,_, take_VB baby_NN to_IN F32 178 your_PP$ doctor_NN ._. ^ he_PP3A may_MD think_VB F32 179 it_PP3 a_AT good_JJ idea_NN to_TO try_VB her_PP3O on_IN guava_NN F32 179 juice_NN ,_, as_CS this_DT is_BEZ rich_JJ in_IN vitamin_NN F32 180 C_ZZ ,_, or_CC the_ATI juice_NN of_IN fresh_JJ tomatoes_NNS ._. ^ or_CC F32 180 he_PP3A may_MD prescribe_VB vitamin_NN C_ZZ F32 181 tablets_NNS ._. F32 182 ^ baby_NN book_NN ._. F32 183 ^ I_PP1A believe_VB that_CS you_PP2 have_HV written_VBN a_AT book_NN F32 183 to_TO help_VB expectant_JJ F32 184 mothers_NNS ._. ^ please_UH could_MD you_PP2 give_VB me_PP1O F32 184 details_NNS ?_? F32 185 ^ my_PP$ little_JJ book_NN *'_*' baby_NN and_CC you_PP2 ,_, **'_**' F32 185 has_HVZ recently_RB been_BEN F32 186 completely_RB revised_VBN ,_, and_CC brought_VBN up_RP to_IN date_NN F32 186 ._. ^ it_PP3 includes_VBZ sections_NNS on_IN F32 187 how_WRB a_AT baby_NN develops_VBZ in_IN the_ATI womb_NN ,_, how_WRB F32 187 his_PP$ mother_NN can_MD care_VB for_IN her_PP$ F32 188 general_JJ health_NN during_IN the_ATI waiting_NN months_NNS ,_, F32 188 how_WRB she_PP3A can_MD prepare_VB herself_PPL F32 189 for_IN the_ATI birth_NN ,_, plan_VB his_PP$ layette_NN ,_, and_CC F32 189 care_VB for_IN him_PP3O after_CS he_PP3A is_BEZ born_VBN ._. F32 190 ^ it_PP3 also_RB includes_VBZ a_AT section_NN on_IN the_ATI F32 190 actual_JJ birth_NN of_IN the_ATI baby_NN ._. F32 191 ^ the_ATI booklet_NN costs_VBZ one_CD1 shilling_NN and_CC F32 191 sixpence_NNS ,_, post_NN free_JJ ,_, from_IN this_DT F32 192 address_NN ._. ^ an_AT order_NN form_NN is_BEZ on_IN page_NN 27_CD ._. F32 193 ^ small_JJ operation_NN ._. F32 194 ^ my_PP$ doctor_NN tells_VBZ me_PP1O that_CS I_PP1A have_HV a_AT F32 194 polyp_NN on_IN the_ATI neck_NN of_IN my_PP$ womb_NN ,_, F32 195 and_CC I_PP1A am_BEM waiting_VBG to_TO go_VB into_IN hospital_NN to_TO F32 195 have_HV it_PP3 removed_VBN ._. ^ but_CC I_PP1A would_MD F32 196 like_VB to_TO know_VB what_WDT this_DT entails_VBZ ,_, and_CC what_WDT F32 196 is_BEZ meant_VBN by_IN a_AT polyp_NN ._. ^ I_PP1A can_MD n't_XNOT F32 197 help_VB worrying_VBG ._. F32 198 ^ removal_NN of_IN a_AT polyp_NN is_BEZ a_AT very_QL simple_JJ F32 198 operation_NN ,_, and_CC one_CD1 that_WPR F32 199 certainly_RB need_MD n't_XNOT alarm_VB you_PP2 ._. ^ the_ATI polyp_NN F32 199 is_BEZ a_AT tiny_JJ little_JJ growth_NN F32 200 attached_VBN to_IN the_ATI neck_NN of_IN the_ATI womb_NN ._. F32 201 ^ it_PP3 has_HVZ nothing_PN at_IN all_ABN to_TO do_DO with_IN F32 201 cancer_NN ,_, or_CC indeed_RB with_IN any_DTI F32 202 other_AP serious_JJ condition_NN ._. ^ but_CC it_PP3 does_DOZ cause_VB F32 202 *'_*' nuisance_NN **'_**' symptoms_NNS as_IN F32 203 a_AT rule_NN *-_*- bleeding_VBG between_IN periods_NNS ,_, for_IN F32 203 example_NN ,_, or_CC a_AT vaginal_JJ F32 204 discharge_NN *-_*- and_CC therefore_RB it_PP3 's_BEZ best_RBT F32 204 removed_VBN ._. F32 205 ^ you_PP2 'll_MD probably_RB be_BE asked_VBN to_TO go_VB into_IN F32 205 hospital_NN one_CD1 or_CC two_CD days_NNS F32 206 before_CS the_ATI operation_NN is_BEZ to_TO be_BE performed_VBN ._. F33 2 ^ the_ATI *'_*' friend_NN **'_**' doctor_NN talks_VBZ ._. F33 3 ^ something_PN hot_JJ ,_, something_PN cold_JJ ._. F33 4 ^ more_AP than_IN half_ABN my_PP$ work_NN consists_VBZ of_IN F33 4 dealing_VBG with_IN stomach_NN F33 5 trouble_NN ._. ^ and_CC I_PP1A know_VB that_CS very_QL nearly_RB F33 5 all_ABN of_IN it_PP3 could_MD so_QL easily_RB be_BE F33 6 avoided_VBN ._. F33 7 ^ cultivate_VB a_AT good_JJ digestion_NN and_CC you_PP2 'll_MD F33 7 not_XNOT only_RB feel_VB better_JJR F33 8 physically_RB ._. ^ you_PP2 'll_MD live_VB longer_RBR ._. F33 9 ^ right_RB away_RP ,_, let_VB me_PP1O say_VB you_PP2 do_DO n't_XNOT F33 9 need_VB to_TO be_BE fussy_JJ about_IN your_PP$ F33 10 diet_NN ._. ^ just_RB take_VB heed_NN of_IN a_AP few_AP" simple_JJ F33 10 rules_NNS ._. F33 11 ^ here_RN 's_BEZ a_AT most_QL important_JJ one_CD1 for_IN F33 11 dinner-time_NN ._. F33 12 ^ whether_CS it_PP3 's_BEZ winter_NN or_CC summer_NN have_HV F33 12 something_PN hot_JJ and_CC something_PN F33 13 cold_JJ ._. F33 14 ^ an_AT all-cold_JJB lunch_NN is_BEZ bad_JJ for_IN you_PP2 ._. ^ F33 14 it_PP3 stuns_VBZ the_ATI stomach_NN ._. ^ your_PP$ F33 15 digestion_NN is_BEZ out_RP of_IN action_NN for_IN hours_NNS ._. F33 16 ^ an_AT all-hot_JJ meal_NN in_IN winter_NN is_BEZ almost_RB as_QL F33 16 bad_JJ ._. ^ you_PP2 need_VB a_AT cold_JJ F33 17 sweet_NN to_TO even_VB up_RP the_ATI inside_JJB temperature_NN ._. F33 19 ^ do_DO n't_XNOT shut_VB your_PP$ eyes_NNS to_IN the_ATI fact_NN F33 19 that_CS some_DTI of_IN the_ATI tastiest_JJT F33 20 foods_NNS are_BER pretty_RB indigestible_JJ ._. F33 21 ^ I_PP1A 'm_BEM not_XNOT going_VBG to_TO be_BE a_AT spoilsport_NN F33 21 and_CC tell_VB you_PP2 to_TO cut_VB them_PP3OS out_RP ._. F33 22 ^ but_CC try_VB not_XNOT to_TO overdo_VB these_DTS things_NNS :_: *-_*- F33 23 ^ hot_JJ buttered_JJ toast_NN ._. ^ the_ATI fat_JJ seals_VBZ off_RP F33 23 the_ATI bread_NN and_CC the_ATI gastric_JJ F33 24 juice_NN can_MD n't_XNOT get_VB to_IN work_NN ._. ^ the_ATI toast_NN F33 24 will_MD lie_VB on_IN your_PP$ stomach_NN three_CD F33 25 times_NNS as_QL long_RB as_IN plain_JJ bread_NN ._. ^ so_RB try_VB F33 25 to_TO make_VB do_DO with_IN just_RB one_CD1 slice_NN ._. F33 26 ^ there_EX 's_BEZ no_ATI doubt_NN that_CS cheese_NN is_BEZ a_AT F33 26 grand_JJ food_NN ._. ^ but_CC have_HV you_PP2 any_DTI F33 27 idea_NN how_WRB much_AP you_PP2 should_MD have_HV at_IN a_AT time_NN F33 27 ?_? F33 28 ^ it_PP3 's_BEZ a_AT piece_NN the_ATI size_NN of_IN a_AT small_JJ F33 28 matchbox_NN ._. ^ any_DTI more_AP and_CC you_PP2 've_HV F33 29 only_RB yourself_PPL to_TO blame_VB if_CS you_PP2 get_VB indigestion_NN F33 29 ._. F33 30 ^ and_CC the_ATI fancier_JJR the_ATI cheese_NN the_ATI less_AP F33 30 you_PP2 need_VB ._. F33 31 ^ pork_NN is_BEZ one_CD1 of_IN the_ATI hardest_JJT foods_NNS to_TO F33 31 digest_VB ._. ^ it_PP3 's_BEZ a_AT five-hour_JJB job_NN F33 32 for_IN the_ATI stomach_NN ,_, so_CS a_AP little_AP" is_BEZ enough_DTI F33 32 ._. F33 33 ^ and_CC here_RN 's_BEZ an_AT idea_NN to_TO help_VB avoid_VB any_DTI F33 33 ill-effects_NNS ._. F33 34 ^ next_AP time_NN you_PP2 have_HV pork_NN make_VB a_AT point_NN F33 34 of_IN having_HVG stewed_JJ fruit_NN in_IN F33 35 the_ATI meal_NN ._. ^ the_ATI fruit_NN peps_VBZ up_RP the_ATI F33 35 gastric_JJ juices_NNS and_CC helps_VBZ the_ATI F33 36 digestion_NN enormously_RB ._. F33 38 ^ the_ATI most_QL indigestible_JJ fruit_NN is_BEZ the_ATI pear_NN F33 38 that_WPR is_BEZ n't_XNOT quite_RB F33 39 ripe_JJ ._. ^ and_CC warn_VB your_PP$ children_NNS not_XNOT to_TO go_VB F33 39 eating_VBG green_JJ ,_, unripened_JJ F33 40 apples_NNS ._. ^ they_PP3AS can_MD make_VB a_AT youngster_NN ill_JJ F33 40 for_IN days_NNS ,_, and_CC it_PP3 's_BEZ no_ATI F33 41 exaggeration_NN to_TO say_VB the_ATI stomach_NN may_MD never_RB F33 41 fully_RB recover_VB ._. F33 42 ^ I_PP1A 've_HV cured_VBN quite_ABL a_AP few_AP" patients_NNS of_IN F33 42 the_ATI kind_NN of_IN indigestion_NN that_WPR F33 43 gives_VBZ you_PP2 a_AT blown-up_JJB feeling_NN ._. F33 44 ^ it_PP3 's_BEZ nearly_RB always_RB caused_VBN by_IN drinking_VBG F33 44 with_IN a_AT meal_NN ,_, so_RB try_VB not_XNOT to_TO F33 45 wash_VB your_PP$ food_NN down_RP ._. ^ and_CC when_WRB you_PP2 do_DO F33 45 have_HV a_AT glass_NN of_IN water_NN do_DO n't_XNOT F33 46 swallow_VB it_PP3 at_IN one_CD1 gulp_NN ._. F33 47 ^ finally_RB ,_, you_PP2 can_MD have_HV a_AT good_JJ ,_, sound_JJ F33 47 digestion_NN if_CS you_PP2 'll_MD only_RB F33 48 remember_VB to_TO chew_VB every_AT mouthful_NN of_IN food_NN twenty_CD F33 48 times_NNS ._. F33 49 ^ it_PP3 's_BEZ time_NN to_TO check_VB your_PP$ weight_NN ._. F33 50 ^ there_EX 's_BEZ one_CD1 thing_NN I_PP1A 'd_MD like_VB everyone_PN F33 50 to_TO do_DO this_DT week_NN ._. F33 51 ^ weigh_VB yourself_PPL !_! F33 52 ^ this_DT is_BEZ the_ATI most_QL important_JJ time_NN of_IN the_ATI F33 52 year_NN to_TO check_VB up_RP ._. F33 53 ^ do_DO n't_XNOT worry_VB if_CS you_PP2 're_BER a_AT bit_NN F33 53 underweight_JJ ._. ^ that_DT 's_BEZ natural_JJ ._. F33 54 ^ but_CC if_CS the_ATI scales_NNS show_VB a_AT pound_NN or_CC two_CD F33 54 extra_JJ ,_, then_RN take_VB this_DT F33 55 warning_NN ._. F33 56 ^ if_CS you_PP2 've_HV a_AT tendency_NN to_IN fat_NN ,_, it_PP3 F33 56 's_BEZ in_IN the_ATI summer_NN you_PP2 put_VB on_RP weight_NN F33 57 that_WPR 's_BEZ going_VBG to_TO be_BE there_RN for_RB good_RB" !_! F33 58 ^ what_WDT 's_BEZ more_AP ,_, it_PP3 's_BEZ important_JJ to_TO F33 58 know_VB where_WRB the_ATI extra_JJ poundage_NN has_HVZ F33 59 gone_VBN ._. F33 60 ^ round_IN the_ATI waist_NN line_NN is_BEZ worst_JJT of_IN all_ABN F33 60 ._. F33 61 ^ stand_VB erect_JJ and_CC pull_VB in_IN the_ATI stomach_NN ._. F33 62 ^ if_CS you_PP2 still_RB bulge_VB round_IN the_ATI middle_NN ,_, F33 62 then_RN it_PP3 's_BEZ high_JJ time_NN you_PP2 did_DOD F33 63 something_PN about_IN it_PP3 ._. F33 65 ^ fat_NN is_BEZ not_XNOT a_AT solid_JJ thing_NN ._. ^ it_PP3 F33 65 tends_VBZ to_TO flow_VB where_WRB the_ATI skin_NN F33 66 is_BEZ loose_JJ ._. ^ so_RB if_CS you_PP2 're_BER out_RP of_IN F33 66 condition_NN and_CC your_PP$ stomach_NN muscles_NNS are_BER F33 67 flabby_JJ *-_*- that_DT 's_BEZ where_WRB the_ATI fat_JJ goes_VBZ ._. F33 68 ^ stomach_NN fat_NN goes_VBZ to_IN two_CD areas_NNS *-_*- around_IN F33 68 the_ATI bowel_NN and_CC below_IN the_ATI F33 69 liver_NN ._. ^ and_CC when_WRB this_DT part_NN of_IN the_ATI system_NN F33 69 is_BEZ hampered_VBN and_CC clogged_VBN ,_, the_ATI F33 70 breathing_NN suffers_VBZ ._. F33 71 ^ but_CC here_RN 's_BEZ the_ATI biggest_JJT danger_NN ._. ^ when_WRB F33 71 there_EX 's_BEZ no_ATI more_AP room_NN round_IN F33 72 the_ATI middle_NN ,_, the_ATI fat_NN can_MD go_VB straight_RB to_IN F33 72 the_ATI heart_NN ._. F33 73 ^ women_NNS are_BER the_ATI worst_JJT sufferers_NNS from_IN F33 73 breathlessness_NN due_JJ to_IN fat_NN ._. ^ if_CS F33 74 a_AT man_NN becomes_VBZ breathless_JJ he_PP3A 's_BEZ pretty_RB quick_JJ F33 74 to_TO see_VB a_AT doctor_NN ._. ^ but_CC women_NNS F33 75 seem_VB to_TO take_VB it_PP3 for_CS granted_VBN ._. F33 76 ^ another_DT area_NN where_WRB fat_NN can_MD be_BE dangerous_JJ F33 76 is_BEZ in_IN the_ATI arteries_NNS ._. F33 77 ^ anyone_PN suffering_VBG from_IN overweight_NN risks_VBZ the_ATI F33 77 fat_NN lingering_VBG in_IN the_ATI F33 78 bloodstream_NN ._. F33 79 ^ because_IN of_IN" this_DT you_PP2 should_MD never_RB ignore_VB F33 79 a_AT pounding_NN in_IN the_ATI heart_NN F33 80 or_CC a_AT throbbing_NN of_IN the_ATI head_NN if_CS you_PP2 're_BER F33 80 overweight_JJ ._. ^ if_CS you_PP2 do_DO ,_, you_PP2 may_MD F33 81 be_BE risking_VBG coronary_JJ thrombosis_NN ._. F33 83 ^ you_PP2 may_MD be_BE surprised_JJ to_TO learn_VB that_CS fat_NN F33 83 can_MD be_BE dangerous_JJ on_IN F33 84 the_ATI hands_NNS and_CC feet_NNS ._. F33 85 ^ this_DT is_BEZ n't_XNOT common_JJ ._. ^ but_CC the_ATI moment_NN F33 85 a_AT grown-up_NN discovers_VBZ she_PP3A needs_VBZ F33 86 a_AT bigger_JJR size_NN in_IN shoes_NNS and_CC gloves_NNS *-_*- see_VB F33 86 a_AT doctor_NN ._. F33 87 ^ thick_JJ ankles_NNS are_BER not_XNOT always_RB due_JJ to_IN F33 87 mere_JJB fat_NN ._. ^ often_RB varicose_JJ F33 88 veins_NNS are_BER to_TO blame_VB ._. F33 89 ^ the_ATI safest_JJT place_NN for_IN fat_NN is_BEZ on_IN the_ATI F33 89 arms_NNS ._. ^ it_PP3 helps_VBZ to_TO keep_VB the_ATI F33 90 muscles_NNS in_IN shape_NN ._. F33 91 ^ fat_NN round_IN the_ATI neck_NN is_BEZ not_XNOT so_QL F33 91 frightening_JJ as_CS you_PP2 might_MD believe_VB ._. F33 92 ^ whether_CS the_ATI fat_NN is_BEZ at_IN the_ATI back_NN or_CC under_IN F33 92 the_ATI chin_NN ,_, the_ATI excess_NN will_MD n't_XNOT do_DO F33 93 any_DTI harm_NN so_QL long_RB as_CS there_EX is_BEZ n't_XNOT too_QL F33 93 much_AP of_IN it_PP3 ._. F33 94 ^ the_ATI first_OD signs_NNS of_IN a_AT thick_JJ neck_NN F33 94 affecting_VBG health_NN are_BER headaches_NNS F33 95 and_CC irritability_NN ._. ^ these_DTS indicate_VB blood_NN pressure_NN F33 95 ._. F33 96 ^ by_IN far_RB the_ATI luckiest_JJT folk_NNS are_BER the_ATI F33 96 ones_CD1S with_IN a_AT thin_JJ layer_NN of_IN F33 97 overall_JJB fat_NN ._. ^ they_PP3AS can_MD stand_VB both_ABX cold_JJ F33 97 and_CC hot_JJ weather_NN ,_, because_CS the_ATI F33 98 fat_NN under_IN the_ATI skin_NN helps_VBZ control_VB the_ATI body_NN F33 98 temperature_NN ._. F33 99 ^ little_JJ signs_NNS I_PP1A do_DO n't_XNOT like_VB to_TO see_VB ._. F33 100 ^ I_PP1A did_DOD n't_XNOT like_VB the_ATI look_NN of_IN a_AT F33 100 patient_NN who_WPR came_VBD to_TO see_VB me_PP1O a_AP F33 101 few_AP" evenings_NNS ago_RB ._. F33 102 ^ he_PP3A 'd_HVD rushed_VBN to_IN the_ATI surgery_NN and_CC was_BEDZ F33 102 breathing_VBG heavily_RB ._. ^ but_CC it_PP3 F33 103 was_BEDZ n't_XNOT that_DT which_WDTR disturbed_VBD me_PP1O ._. ^ it_PP3 F33 103 was_BEDZ the_ATI time_NN he_PP3A took_VBD to_TO recover_VB ._. F33 104 ^ if_CS you_PP2 're_BER under_IN 25_CD you_PP2 should_MD get_VB F33 104 your_PP$ breath_NN back_RP in_IN one_CD1 minute_NN ._. F33 105 ^ under_IN 45_CD I_PP1A 'd_MD say_VB two_CD minutes_NNS ._. ^ up_RP F33 105 to_IN 65_CD the_ATI breathing_NN should_MD be_BE F33 106 easier_JJR inside_IN four_CD minutes_NNS ._. F33 107 ^ what_WDT are_BER the_ATI other_AP little_JJ signs_NNS a_AT F33 107 doctor_NN does_DOZ n't_XNOT like_VB to_TO see_VB ?_? F33 108 ^ when_WRB a_AT woman_NN comes_VBZ to_IN me_PP1O complaining_VBG F33 108 of_IN tiredness_NN and_CC F33 109 breathlessness_NN ,_, the_ATI shape_NN of_IN her_PP$ ankles_NNS can_MD F33 109 tell_VB me_PP1O a_AT lot_NN ._. F33 110 ^ if_CS her_PP$ ankles_NNS have_HV been_BEN steadily_RB getting_VBG F33 110 thicker_JJR I_PP1A suspect_VB F33 111 trouble_NN with_IN the_ATI heart_NN ._. F33 112 ^ but_CC when_WRB there_EX 's_BEZ no_ATI breathlessness_NN and_CC F33 112 no_ATI general_JJ fatigue_NN then_RN F33 113 the_ATI ankles_NNS have_HV simply_RB thickened_VBN with_IN too_QL F33 113 much_AP standing_NN or_CC walking_NN ._. F33 115 ^ folk_NNS over_IN 45_CD would_MD do_DO well_RB to_TO watch_VB F33 115 the_ATI veins_NNS at_IN the_ATI side_NN F33 116 of_IN their_PP$ necks_NNS ._. F33 117 ^ these_DTS veins_NNS stand_VB out_RP pretty_RB far_RB when_WRB F33 117 you_PP2 're_BER bursting_VBG with_IN anger_NN F33 118 or_CC physical_JJ exertion_NN ._. ^ but_CC when_WRB the_ATI anger_NN F33 118 dies_VBZ away_RP or_CC the_ATI exertion_NN is_BEZ F33 119 over_RP these_DTS veins_NNS should_MD subside_VB ._. F33 120 ^ if_CS they_PP3AS do_DO n't_XNOT I_PP1A 've_HV a_AT suspicion_NN F33 120 the_ATI heart_NN is_BEZ congested_VBN and_CC F33 121 overtaxed_VBN ._. F33 122 ^ the_ATI heart_NN has_HVZ another_DT way_NN to_TO tell_VB the_ATI F33 122 world_NN it_PP3 's_BEZ under_IN strain_NN ._. F33 123 ^ the_ATI pulse_NN beats_VBZ at_IN the_ATI side_NN of_IN the_ATI F33 123 neck_NN just_RB where_WRB a_AT man's_NN$ collar_NN is_BEZ ._. F33 124 ^ maybe_RB you_PP2 've_HV noticed_VBN this_DT yourself_PPL in_IN F33 124 a_AT person_NN full_JJ of_IN suppressed_JJ F33 125 excitement_NN *-_*- usually_RB someone_PN who_WPR takes_VBZ a_AT F33 125 pride_NN in_IN self-control_NN ._. F33 126 ^ well_UH ,_, self-control_NN is_BEZ n't_XNOT always_RB good_JJ F33 126 for_IN health_NN ._. ^ the_ATI body's_NN$ F33 127 normal_JJ reactions_NNS do_DO n't_XNOT like_VB being_BEG suppressed_VBN F33 127 ._. F33 128 ^ secret_JJ worry_NN and_CC suppressed_JJ emotion_NN affect_VB F33 128 the_ATI heart_NN ,_, and_CC in_IN many_AP F33 129 cases_NNS this_DT shows_VBZ in_IN the_ATI pulse_NN beat_NN I_PP1A F33 129 mentioned_VBD ._. F33 130 ^ occasionally_RB I_PP1A notice_VB my_PP$ patient_NN has_HVZ a_AT F33 130 quiver_NN round_IN the_ATI mouth_NN or_CC F33 131 lip_NN ._. F33 132 ^ this_DT indicates_VBZ nervous_JJ strain_NN ._. ^ no_ATI matter_NN F33 132 how_WRB you_PP2 try_VB to_TO control_VB F33 133 yourself_PPL ,_, the_ATI muscles_NNS round_IN the_ATI mouth_NN are_BER F33 133 first_OD to_TO give_VB way_NN ._. F33 135 ^ I_PP1A once_RB warned_VBD a_AT patient_NN he_PP3A was_BEDZ due_JJ F33 135 for_IN an_AT attack_NN of_IN lumbago_NN F33 136 unless_CS he_PP3A was_BEDZ careful_JJ ._. F33 137 ^ *'_*' but_CC how_WRB can_MD you_PP2 tell_VB ?_? **'_**' he_PP3A F33 137 asked_VBD ._. F33 138 ^ *'_*' it_PP3 's_BEZ quite_RB easy_JJ ,_, **'_**' I_PP1A told_VBD F33 138 him_PP3O ._. ^ *'_*' you_PP2 're_BER walking_VBG at_IN a_AT slight_JJ F33 139 forward_JJ angle_NN ._. ^ that_DT tells_VBZ me_PP1O your_PP$ back_NN F33 139 muscles_NNS are_BER taxed_VBN and_CC F33 140 uncomfortable_JJ ._. ^ they_PP3AS 're_BER fighting_VBG the_ATI F33 140 lumbago_NN ._. **'_**' F33 141 ^ bloodlessness_NN is_BEZ n't_XNOT so_QL easy_JJ to_TO detect_VB F33 141 as_CS you_PP2 might_MD imagine_VB ._. ^ you_PP2 F33 142 can_MD look_VB as_QL fit_JJ as_IN a_AT fiddle_NN and_CC yet_RB be_BE F33 142 bloodless_JJ ._. F33 143 ^ my_PP$ test_NN rarely_RB fails_VBZ ._. ^ I_PP1A look_VB *-_*- F33 143 not_XNOT at_IN the_ATI lips_NNS ,_, which_WDTR can_MD be_BE F33 144 deceptive_JJ *-_*- but_CC at_IN the_ATI ear_NN lobes_NNS ._. F33 145 ^ I_PP1A can_MD learn_VB a_AT lot_NN when_WRB the_ATI light_NN F33 145 is_BEZ shining_VBG through_IN the_ATI lobes_NNS F33 146 from_IN behind_RP ._. ^ I_PP1A do_DO n't_XNOT like_VB to_TO see_VB F33 146 the_ATI lobes_NNS pale_JJ or_CC dull_JJ pink_JJ ._. ^ the_ATI F33 147 richer_JJR the_ATI colour_NN the_ATI better_JJR ._. F33 148 ^ when_WRB there_EX 's_BEZ nothing_PN better_JJR than_IN a_AT F33 148 poultice_NN ._. F33 149 ^ you_PP2 know_VB that_DT awful_JJ feeling_NN you_PP2 get_VB F33 149 about_IN two_CD o'clock_RB in_IN F33 150 the_ATI morning_NN ,_, when_WRB you_PP2 have_HV a_AT pain_NN that_WPR F33 150 will_MD n't_XNOT let_VB you_PP2 get_VB to_IN sleep_NN ._. F33 151 ^ a_AT patient_NN of_IN mine_PP$$ had_HVD a_AT pain_NN like_IN F33 151 that_DT in_IN her_PP$ shoulder_NN ._. ^ it_PP3 F33 152 gnawed_VBD and_CC gnawed_VBD for_IN hours_NNS ._. F33 153 ^ at_RB last_RB" she_PP3A got_VBD up_RP in_IN desperation_NN ._. ^ F33 153 there_EX was_BEDZ no_ATI fire_NN and_CC she_PP3A was_BEDZ F33 154 out_RP of_IN aspirins_NNS ._. F33 155 ^ do_DO you_PP2 know_VB what_WDT she_PP3A did_DOD ?_? ^ she_PP3A F33 155 opened_VBD the_ATI oven_NN door_NN ,_, lit_VBD the_ATI gas_NN ,_, F33 156 and_CC then_RN sat_VBD in_IN front_IN" of_IN" it_PP3 ._. F33 157 ^ the_ATI heat_NN certainly_RB eased_VBD the_ATI pain_NN ._. ^ F33 157 but_CC if_CS only_RB she_PP3A 'd_HVD known_VBN she_PP3A F33 158 could_MD have_HV been_BEN lying_VBG comfortably_RB in_IN bed_NN F33 158 getting_VBG the_ATI same_AP relief_NN ._. F33 159 ^ all_ABN she_PP3A had_HVD to_TO do_DO was_BEDZ to_TO make_VB an_AT F33 159 old-fashioned_JJ poultice_NN ._. F33 161 ^ a_AT home-made_JJ bread_NN poultice_NN can_MD work_VB wonders_NNS F33 161 ._. F33 162 ^ just_RB cut_VB one_CD1 slice_NN of_IN bread_NN about_RB an_AT F33 162 inch_NN thick_JJ ._. ^ roll_VB it_PP3 in_IN F33 163 gauze_NN muslin_NN or_CC thin_JJ cotton_NN ._. ^ dip_VB it_PP3 into_IN F33 163 hot_JJ water_NN then_RN wring_VB out_RP ._. F33 164 ^ the_ATI secret_NN is_BEZ to_TO do_DO it_PP3 gently_RB ._. ^ F33 164 the_ATI poultice_NN should_MD never_RB be_BE F33 165 dripping_VBG wet_JJ ._. ^ then_RN test_VB it_PP3 for_IN heat_NN on_IN F33 165 the_ATI back_NN of_IN the_ATI hand_NN ._. F33 166 ^ mould_VB the_ATI poultice_NN over_IN the_ATI painful_JJ part_NN F33 166 and_CC make_VB sure_JJ it_PP3 extends_VBZ F33 167 three_CD inches_NNS all_RB round_RP beyond_IN the_ATI pain_NN ._. F33 168 ^ finally_RB cover_VB the_ATI lot_NN with_IN a_AT piece_NN of_IN F33 168 old_JJ flannel_NN ,_, cotton_NN wool_NN ,_, F33 169 or_CC a_AT double_JJ thickness_NN of_IN lint_NN ._. F33 170 ^ why_WRB does_DOZ a_AT poultice_NN do_DO the_ATI trick_NN so_QL F33 170 well_RB ?_? F33 171 ^ well_UH ,_, it_PP3 dilates_VBZ the_ATI blood_NN vessels_NNS ._. ^ F33 171 it_PP3 draws_VBZ blood_NN to_IN the_ATI F33 172 painful_JJ area_NN ._. ^ this_DT in_IN turn_NN restores_VBZ the_ATI F33 172 damaged_JJ tissue_NN and_CC carries_VBZ F33 173 away_RP harmful_JJ poison_NN ._. F33 174 ^ and_CC there_EX 's_BEZ nothing_PN like_IN a_AT poultice_NN to_TO F33 174 help_VB you_PP2 get_VB to_IN sleep_NN ._. F33 175 ^ when_WRB you_PP2 're_BER in_IN pain_NN all_ABN the_ATI muscles_NNS F33 175 round_IN the_ATI area_NN tighten_VB up_RP and_CC F33 176 make_VB the_ATI pain_NN worse_JJR ._. F33 177 ^ but_CC the_ATI poultice_NN slackens_VBZ off_RP this_DT muscle_NN F33 177 tension_NN ,_, and_CC half_ABN your_PP$ F33 178 battle_NN for_IN sleep_NN is_BEZ won_VBN ._. F33 180 ^ of_IN all_ABN ailments_NNS I_PP1A think_VB chest_NN troubles_NNS F33 180 get_VB most_AP relief_NN from_IN F33 181 a_AT poultice_NN ._. F33 182 ^ bad_JJ bronchitis_NN can_MD be_BE specially_RB distressing_JJ ._. ^ F33 182 yet_RB a_AT poultice_NN can_MD F33 183 ease_VB the_ATI breathing_NN and_CC loosen_VB the_ATI tightness_NN F33 183 in_IN the_ATI chest_NN ._. F33 184 ^ but_CC ,_, remember_VB ,_, children_NNS or_CC anyone_PN who_WPR F33 184 is_BEZ frail_JJ should_MD not_XNOT have_HV F33 185 the_ATI poultice_NN on_IN the_ATI chest_NN ._. ^ the_ATI weight_NN F33 185 might_MD restrict_VB the_ATI breathing_NN ._. F33 186 ^ so_RB for_IN these_DTS folk_NNS put_VBD the_ATI poultice_NN F33 186 across_IN the_ATI shoulders_NNS ,_, just_RB F33 187 below_IN the_ATI shoulder_NN blades_NNS ._. F33 188 ^ the_ATI biggest_JJT poultice_NN of_IN all_ABN is_BEZ needed_VBN F33 188 for_IN pleurisy_NN ._. ^ it_PP3 should_MD F33 189 start_VB under_IN the_ATI armpit_NN and_CC go_VB down_RP almost_RB F33 189 to_IN the_ATI waist_NN ._. F33 190 ^ of_RB course_RB" ,_, the_ATI best_JJT poultice_NN of_IN all_ABN F33 190 is_BEZ the_ATI kaolin_NN variety_NN *-_*- if_CS F33 191 it_PP3 's_BEZ fresh_JJ and_CC moist_JJ ._. F33 192 ^ but_CC you_PP2 can_MD take_VB comfort_NN in_IN the_ATI fact_NN F33 192 that_CS you_PP2 need_MD never_RB be_BE F33 193 stuck_VBN *-_*- so_QL long_RB as_CS you_PP2 have_HV a_AT slice_NN of_IN F33 193 bread_NN in_IN the_ATI house_NN ._. F33 194 ^ seven_CD golden_JJ rules_NNS for_IN the_ATI winter_NN ._. F33 195 ^ now_RN 's_BEZ the_ATI time_NN a_AT lot_NN of_IN my_PP$ F33 195 patients_NNS ask_VB me_PP1O the_ATI same_AP F33 196 question_NN ._. F33 197 ^ *'_*' how_WRB is_BEZ it_PP3 ,_, doctor_NN ,_, that_CS you_PP2 F33 197 manage_VB to_TO keep_VB so_QL clear_JJ of_IN colds_NNS F33 198 every_AT winter_NN ?_? **'_**' F33 199 ^ they_PP3AS think_VB I_PP1A have_HV some_DTI special_JJ medicine_NN F33 199 ,_, but_CC I_PP1A do_DO n't_XNOT ._. ^ all_ABN I_PP1A do_DO F33 200 is_BEZ follow_VB these_DTS golden_JJ rules_NNS :_: *-_*- F33 201 ^ 1_CD1 ._. ^ when_WRB the_ATI first_OD frosts_NNS come_VB start_VB F33 201 the_ATI day_NN with_IN porridge_NN and_CC F33 202 milk_NN ._. F33 203 ^ the_ATI lime_NN in_IN the_ATI oatmeal_NN and_CC in_IN the_ATI F33 203 milk_NN is_BEZ good_JJ for_IN the_ATI F33 204 circulation_NN ._. ^ it_PP3 's_BEZ specially_RB good_JJ for_IN F33 204 anyone_PN plagued_VBN with_IN chilblains_NNS ._. F33 205 ^ but_CC the_ATI porridge_NN does_DOZ more_AP ._. ^ that_DT mass_NN F33 205 of_IN warm_JJ oatmeal_NN in_IN your_PP$ F33 206 stomach_NN is_BEZ central_JJ heating_NN at_IN its_PP$ best_JJT ._. ^ F33 206 you_PP2 will_MD n't_XNOT feel_VB the_ATI cold_NN so_QL F33 207 much_RB on_IN your_PP$ way_NN to_IN work_NN ._. ^ you_PP2 will_MD F33 207 n't_XNOT chill_VB so_QL easily_RB standing_VBG for_IN a_AT F33 208 bus_NN ._. F33 209 ^ 2_CD ._. ^ never_RB go_VB out_RP on_IN a_AT winter's_NN$ F33 209 morning_NN with_IN an_AT empty_JJ or_CC cold_JJ F33 210 stomach_NN ._. ^ if_CS you_PP2 do_DO ,_, the_ATI blood_NN has_HVZ to_TO F33 210 rush_VB inwards_RB to_TO warm_VB up_RP the_ATI F33 211 stomach_NN ._. ^ there_EX 's_BEZ less_AP blood_NN for_IN the_ATI F33 211 outer_JJB areas_NNS ,_, and_CC that_DT can_MD mean_VB a_AT F33 212 chill_NN ._. F33 213 ^ 3_CD ._. ^ always_RB keep_VB on_IN the_ATI move_NN ._. F33 214 ^ if_CS you_PP2 pop_VB your_PP$ finger_NN quickly_RB in_RP and_CC F33 214 out_RP of_IN cold_JJ water_NN you_PP2 'll_MD F33 215 hardly_RB feel_VB the_ATI cold_NN ._. ^ keep_VB the_ATI finger_NN in_RP F33 215 for_IN a_AT longer_JJR time_NN and_CC it_PP3 F33 216 will_MD *'_*' freeze_VB ._. **'_**' F33 217 ^ in_IN the_ATI same_AP way_NN you_PP2 can_MD walk_VB along_IN F33 217 wet_JJ roads_NNS without_IN becoming_VBG F33 218 chilled_JJ ._. ^ but_CC you_PP2 're_BER asking_VBG for_IN trouble_NN F33 218 if_CS you_PP2 stand_VB around_RP for_IN a_AT F33 219 gossip_NN ._. F33 220 ^ 4_CD ._. ^ in_IN cold_JJ weather_NN a_AP little_AP" exercise_NN F33 220 is_BEZ the_ATI best_JJT defence_NN against_IN F33 221 rheumatism_NN *-_*- particularly_RB fibrositis_NN ._. F33 222 ^ there_EX 's_BEZ no_ATI need_NN for_IN special_JJ exercises_NNS ._. F33 222 ^ simply_RB stretch_VB yourself_PPL ._. F33 223 ^ wiggle_VB your_PP$ hands_NNS and_CC toes_NNS ._. F33 224 ^ the_ATI older_JJR you_PP2 are_BER the_ATI less_QL strenuous_JJ F33 224 the_ATI exercises_NNS should_MD be_BE ._. F33 225 ^ but_CC even_CS if_CS" you_PP2 're_BER over_RB seventy_CD ,_, do_DO F33 225 try_VB to_TO get_VB your_PP$ muscles_NNS moving_VBG ._. F34 2 ^ their_PP$ ideal_NN was_BEDZ to_TO keep_VB close_RB to_IN the_ATI F34 2 exact_JJ photographic_JJ truth_NN but_CC F34 3 to_TO render_VB it_PP3 with_IN a_AT vigorous_JJ ,_, personal_JJ F34 3 handling_NN of_IN the_ATI paint_NN ,_, which_WDTR F34 4 gave_VBD it_PP3 a_AT character_NN not_XNOT possessed_VBN by_IN a_AT F34 4 photograph_NN ._. F34 5 ^ at_IN the_ATI end_NN of_IN the_ATI nineteenth_OD century_NN F34 5 the_ATI leading_JJ portrait_NN F34 6 painters_NNS in_IN Britain_NP included_VBD Sargent_NP ,_, John_NP F34 6 Lavery_NP and_CC the_ATI veteran_NN F34 7 Watts_NP ,_, while_CS in_IN landscape_NN Alfred_NP East_NP and_CC F34 7 \0D_NP \0Y_NP Cameron_NP were_BED F34 8 among_IN the_ATI leaders_NNS ._. ^ but_CC a_AT kind_NN of_IN work_NN F34 8 that_WPR was_BEDZ particularly_RB typical_JJ F34 9 of_IN this_DT period_NN was_BEDZ inspired_VBN ,_, not_XNOT by_IN F34 9 the_ATI French_JNP impressionists_NNS ,_, but_CC by_IN F34 10 a_AT group_NN who_WPR preceded_VBD them_PP3OS in_IN France_NP ,_, F34 10 called_VBN the_ATI plein_&FW air_&FW F34 11 (_( open_JJ air_NN )_) School_NPL ._. ^ these_DTS plein_&FW airists_&FW F34 11 chose_VBD to_TO paint_VB their_PP$ F34 12 pictures_NNS on_IN the_ATI spot_NN *-_*- not_XNOT in_IN the_ATI F34 12 studio_NN ._. ^ they_PP3AS believed_VBD in_IN working_VBG F34 13 direct_RB from_IN nature_NN ,_, out_RP of_IN doors_NNS ._. F34 14 ^ those_DTS British_JNP painters_NNS who_WPR tried_VBD to_TO F34 14 follow_VB these_DTS ideals_NNS found_VBD F34 15 themselves_PPLS in_IN difficulties_NNS with_IN the_ATI British_JNP F34 15 climate_NN ,_, for_IN the_ATI climate_NN F34 16 of_IN France_NP is_BEZ much_RB more_QL suitable_JJ to_IN long_JJ F34 16 hours_NNS of_IN painting_VBG out_RP of_IN F34 17 doors_NNS ._. ^ however_RB ,_, they_PP3AS found_VBD a_AT solution_NN F34 17 by_IN moving_VBG to_IN the_ATI mildness_NN of_IN F34 18 Cornwall_NP ,_, in_IN the_ATI south-west_NR ,_, to_TO live_VB ._. ^ F34 18 there_RN ,_, in_IN such_ABL places_NNS as_IN F34 19 Penzance_NP and_CC Newlyn_NP ,_, colonies_NNS of_IN painters_NNS F34 19 settled_VBD ._. ^ Stanhope_NP Forbes_NP F34 20 and_CC Frank_NP Bramley_NP represented_VBD faithfully_RB scenes_NNS F34 20 from_IN the_ATI lives_NNS of_IN the_ATI F34 21 Cornish_JNP fishermen_NNS ._. ^ Henry_NP La_NP Thangue_NP and_CC F34 21 George_NP Clausen_NP also_RB found_VBD ,_, in_IN F34 22 the_ATI everyday_JJB life_NN of_IN humble_JJ folk_NNS ,_, their_PP$ F34 22 favourite_JJB subjects_NNS ._. F34 23 ^ we_PP1AS can_MD see_VB many_AP pictures_NNS by_IN British_JNP F34 23 artists_NNS ,_, as_CC well_CC" as_CC" those_DTS of_IN F34 24 the_ATI more_QL recent_JJ foreign_JJ painters_NNS ,_, at_IN the_ATI F34 24 Tate_NP Gallery_NPL in_IN London_NP ,_, which_WDTR F34 25 was_BEDZ opened_VBN in_IN 1897_CD *-_*- an_AT important_JJ event_NN F34 25 for_IN art_NN in_IN Britain_NP ._. ^ this_DT F34 26 gallery_NN was_BEDZ the_ATI generous_JJ gift_NN of_IN Henry_NP Tate_NP F34 26 ,_, the_ATI sugar_NN merchant_NN ,_, who_WPR F34 27 was_BEDZ made_VBN a_AT baron_NN by_IN Queen_NPT Victoria_NP just_RB F34 27 before_CS he_PP3A died_VBD ,_, as_IN a_AT mark_NN of_IN F34 28 the_ATI gratitude_NN of_IN the_ATI nation_NN ._. ^ Queen_NPT F34 28 Victoria_NP herself_PPL died_VBD in_IN 1901_CD ,_, and_CC F34 29 by_IN that_DT time_NN the_ATI influence_NN of_IN the_ATI F34 29 impressionists_NNS was_BEDZ being_BEG felt_VBN F34 30 strongly_RB in_IN Britain_NP ._. ^ painters_NNS like_IN Lucien_NP F34 30 Pissarro_NP ,_, Wilson_NP Steer_NP ,_, F34 31 Spencer_NP Gore_NP and_CC Sickert_NP were_BED working_VBG in_IN a_AT F34 31 fully_RB impressionist_JJ way_NN ,_, F34 32 and_CC this_DT kind_NN of_IN painting_NN was_BEDZ at_RB last_RB" F34 32 becoming_VBG accepted_VBN by_IN the_ATI British_JNP F34 33 public_NN in_IN spite_IN" of_IN" the_ATI constant_JJ prejudice_NN F34 33 against_IN new_JJ things_NNS in_IN art_NN ._. F34 34 ^ so_RB the_ATI pioneer_NN work_NN of_IN Constable_NP and_CC F34 34 Turner_NP ,_, having_HVG been_BEN nurtured_VBN F34 35 on_IN foreign_JJ soil_NN ,_, echoed_VBD back_RP to_IN their_PP$ F34 35 native_JJ land_NN after_CS more_AP than_IN half_ABN F34 36 a_AT century_NN had_HVD passed_VBN ._. ^ however_RB ,_, by_IN that_DT F34 36 time_NN a_AT new_JJ war_NN had_HVD been_BEN raging_VBG F34 37 in_IN Paris_NP for_IN some_DTI time_NN ,_, where_WRB the_ATI F34 37 post-impressionists_NNS were_BED F34 38 attacking_VBG the_ATI ideas_NNS of_IN the_ATI impressionists_NNS ,_, F34 38 though_CS once_RB again_RB it_PP3 was_BEDZ F34 39 some_DTI time_NN before_CS this_DT new_JJ conflict_NN spread_VBD to_IN F34 39 Britain_NP ._. F34 40 ^ the_ATI impressionists_NNS ,_, in_IN their_PP$ devotion_NN to_IN F34 40 light_NN ,_, had_HVD tended_VBN to_TO F34 41 become_VB quite_RB indifferent_JJ to_IN the_ATI objects_NNS in_IN F34 41 their_PP$ pictures_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI F34 42 post-impressionists_NNS felt_VBD that_CS this_DT impartiality_NN F34 42 was_BEDZ itself_PPL a_AT limiting_JJ F34 43 thing_NN ._. ^ they_PP3AS held_VBD that_CS it_PP3 was_BEDZ the_ATI F34 43 painter's_NN$ feelings_NNS about_IN a_AT scene_NN F34 44 that_WPR should_MD be_BE expressed_VBN ,_, not_XNOT just_RB the_ATI F34 44 light_NN that_WPR reflected_VBD from_IN the_ATI F34 45 scene_NN ._. ^ with_IN this_DT in_IN view_NN they_PP3AS permitted_VBD F34 45 themselves_PPLS to_TO exaggerate_VB any_DTI F34 46 quality_NN which_WDTR they_PP3AS found_VBD exciting_JJ *-_*- they_PP3AS F34 46 claimed_VBD the_ATI right_NN to_TO distort_VB F34 47 the_ATI facts_NNS according_IN to_IN" their_PP$ own_AP feelings_NNS ._. F34 48 ^ in_IN doing_VBG so_PN these_DTS painters_NNS finally_RB F34 48 abandoned_VBD all_ABN attempt_NN to_TO F34 49 compete_VB with_IN the_ATI camera_NN ._. ^ they_PP3AS turned_VBD F34 49 their_PP$ back_NN on_IN realism_NN and_CC threw_VBD F34 50 overboard_RB all_ABN their_PP$ time-honoured_JJ traditions_NNS ._. F34 51 ^ many_AP painters_NNS still_RB continued_VBD to_TO represent_VB F34 51 nature_NN in_IN the_ATI F34 52 traditional_JJ way_NN ,_, of_RB course_RB" ._. ^ such_ABL painters_NNS F34 52 are_BER called_VBN academic_JJ ,_, F34 53 because_CS in_RB general_RB" they_PP3AS keep_VB to_IN the_ATI F34 53 ideals_NNS of_IN the_ATI old_JJ academies_NNS ,_, F34 54 which_WDTR have_HV tended_VBN to_TO oppose_VB any_DTI new_JJ F34 54 movements_NNS in_IN painting_NN ._. ^ we_PP1AS still_RB F34 55 have_HV many_AP such_ABL academic_JJ painters_NNS today_NR ,_, and_CC F34 55 they_PP3AS will_MD continue_VB ;_; but_CC F34 56 gradually_RB the_ATI British_JNP public_NN is_BEZ accepting_VBG the_ATI F34 56 other_AP kind_NN *-_*- those_DTS who_WPR F34 57 feel_VB that_CS a_AT painter's_NN$ job_NN is_BEZ to_TO abandon_VB F34 57 the_ATI task_NN of_IN representing_VBG F34 58 nature_NN in_IN a_AT literal_JJ ,_, realistic_JJ way_NN and_CC to_TO F34 58 explore_VB beyond_IN the_ATI region_NN of_IN F34 59 actual_JJ appearances_NNS ._. F34 60 ^ this_DT breaking_NN away_RP from_IN accepted_JJ standards_NNS F34 60 in_IN painting_NN has_HVZ F34 61 usually_RB been_BEN brought_VBN about_RP by_IN small_JJ groups_NNS F34 61 of_IN young_JJ painters_NNS who_WPR have_HV F34 62 shared_VBN the_ATI same_AP ideals_NNS and_CC given_VBN each_PPLS F34 62 other_PPLS" encouragement_NN and_CC help_NN ._. F34 63 ^ these_DTS groups_NNS ,_, as_CS they_PP3AS have_HV arisen_VBN one_CD1 F34 63 after_IN another_DT ,_, have_HV been_BEN F34 64 regarded_VBN by_IN most_AP older_JJR painters_NNS as_IN dangerous_JJ F34 64 rebels_NNS and_CC have_HV been_BEN F34 65 outcasts_NNS ,_, excluded_VBN from_IN all_ABN established_JJ groups_NNS F34 65 such_IN as_IN" the_ATI royal_JJ F34 66 academy_NN ._. F34 67 ^ however_RB as_CS time_NN goes_VBZ on_RP they_PP3AS have_HV F34 67 managed_VBN to_TO convert_VB many_AP of_IN F34 68 their_PP$ fellow-artists_NNS and_CC finally_RB the_ATI general_JJ F34 68 public_NN to_IN their_PP$ new_JJ F34 69 ideas_NNS ,_, which_WDTR have_HV then_RN lost_VBN their_PP$ novelty_NN F34 69 and_CC no_RB longer_RBR appear_VB so_QL F34 70 shocking_JJ and_CC outrageous_JJ ,_, but_CC are_BER finally_RB F34 70 regarded_VBN as_CS quite_RB traditional_JJ F34 71 and_CC old_JJ fashioned_JJ ._. F34 72 ^ these_DTS rebel_NN painters_NNS by_IN then_RN will_MD have_HV F34 72 grown_VBN old_JJ and_CC their_PP$ style_NN F34 73 may_MD have_HV come_VBN to_TO be_BE regarded_VBN as_CS sufficiently_RB F34 73 respectable_JJ for_IN them_PP3OS to_TO F34 74 be_BE themselves_PPLS elected_VBN to_IN the_ATI royal_JJ academy_NN F34 74 and_CC other_AP societies_NNS which_WDTR F34 75 once_RB rejected_VBD them_PP3OS ._. ^ they_PP3AS then_RN tend_VB ,_, F34 75 in_IN their_PP$ turn_NN ,_, to_TO oppose_VB the_ATI F34 76 newer_JJR groups_NNS whose_WP$R ideas_NNS and_CC methods_NNS are_BER F34 76 more_QL modern_JJ still_RB ._. F34 77 ^ thus_RB the_ATI old-established_JJ art_NN societies_NNS ,_, and_CC F34 77 particularly_RB the_ATI F34 78 royal_JJ academy_NN ,_, have_HV been_BEN constantly_RB rejecting_VBG F34 78 and_CC thwarting_VBG new_JJ groups_NNS F34 79 of_IN young_JJ rebels_NNS as_CS they_PP3AS have_HV come_VBN into_IN F34 79 being_NN one_CD1 after_IN another_DT ._. ^ this_DT F34 80 has_HVZ tended_VBN to_TO lessen_VB the_ATI prestige_NN of_IN the_ATI F34 80 royal_JJ academy_NN in_IN the_ATI eyes_NNS ,_, F34 81 first_RB of_IN many_AP painters_NNS ,_, and_CC eventually_RB of_IN F34 81 the_ATI general_JJ public_NN ._. ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ F34 82 still_RB important_JJ and_CC has_HVZ great_JJ influence_NN ,_, but_CC F34 82 that_DT influence_NN is_BEZ less_AP F34 83 than_CS it_PP3 once_RB was_BEDZ ._. ^ on_IN the_ATI other_AP hand_NN F34 83 various_JJ groups_NNS in_IN turn_NN ,_, such_IN as_IN" F34 84 the_ATI new_JJ English_JNP art_NN club_NN ,_, the_ATI Camden_NP F34 84 Town_NPL group_NN and_CC the_ATI London_NP group_NN ,_, F34 85 have_HV organised_VBN exhibitions_NNS which_WDTR have_HV been_BEN F34 85 more_QL vigorous_JJ and_CC exciting_JJ F34 86 than_IN the_ATI academy_NN itself_PPL and_CC have_HV often_RB F34 86 attracted_VBN more_AP attention_NN ._. F34 87 ^ recently_RB there_EX have_HV been_BEN a_AT number_NN of_IN F34 87 painters_NNS who_WPR could_MD have_HV F34 88 become_VBN associates_NNS of_IN the_ATI royal_JJ academy_NN and_CC F34 88 finally_RB academicians_NNS ,_, but_CC F34 89 have_HV preferred_VBN to_TO remain_VB outside_RP ,_, for_CS they_PP3AS F34 89 wanted_VBD to_TO be_BE regarded_VBN as_QL F34 90 advanced_JJ and_CC unorthodox_JJ in_IN their_PP$ work_NN and_CC F34 90 not_XNOT to_TO become_VB associated_VBN F34 91 with_IN any_DTI society_NN which_WDTR might_MD be_BE considered_VBN F34 91 old_JJ fashioned_JJ and_CC F34 92 hidebound_JJ ._. F34 93 ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ really_RB rather_RB surprising_JJ how_WRB well_RB F34 93 the_ATI royal_JJ academy_NN has_HVZ F34 94 managed_VBN to_TO adjust_VB itself_PPL to_IN changing_VBG styles_NNS F34 94 and_CC ideals_NNS in_IN art_NN ,_, F34 95 considering_IN how_WRB it_PP3 is_BEZ organised_VBN ._. ^ painters_NNS F34 95 ,_, before_CS they_PP3AS are_BER elected_VBN as_IN F34 96 associates_NNS or_CC academicians_NNS have_HV nearly_RB always_RB F34 96 been_BEN exhibiting_VBG for_IN some_DTI F34 97 years_NNS and_CC are_BER therefore_RB no_RB longer_RBR young_JJ men_NNS F34 97 ,_, so_CS the_ATI \0A.R.A.'s_NPTS and_CC F34 98 \0R.A.'s_NPTS are_BER ,_, on_IN the_ATI whole_NN ,_, middle-aged_JJ F34 98 or_CC elderly_JJ ._. ^ at_IN that_DT age_NN F34 99 people_NNS tend_VB to_TO become_VB somewhat_RB set_VBN in_IN their_PP$ F34 99 ways_NNS ._. ^ what_WDT is_BEZ remarkable_JJ F34 100 is_BEZ not_XNOT so_QL much_RB that_CS the_ATI royal_JJ academy_NN F34 100 should_MD have_HV remained_VBN distinctly_RB F34 101 academic_JJ ,_, but_CC that_CS it_PP3 should_MD have_HV shown_VBN so_QL F34 101 much_AP tolerance_NN as_CS it_PP3 has_HVZ to_IN F34 102 the_ATI younger_JJR men_NNS ._. F34 103 ^ since_IN the_ATI days_NNS of_IN the_ATI impressionists_NNS the_ATI F34 103 world_NN of_IN art_NN has_HVZ grown_VBN F34 104 much_RB smaller_JJR ._. ^ rapid_JJ communications_NNS have_HV F34 104 broken_VBN down_RP the_ATI national_JJ F34 105 barriers_NNS that_WPR previously_RB gave_VBD painters_NNS in_IN F34 105 Britain_NP a_AT certain_JJ amount_NN of_IN F34 106 isolation_NN ._. ^ art_NN has_HVZ thus_RB become_VBN much_RB more_QL F34 106 international_JJ ._. ^ Paris_NP has_HVZ F34 107 continued_VBN as_IN the_ATI focus-point_NN of_IN change_NN in_IN art_NN F34 107 ._. ^ here_RN the_ATI new_JJ ideas_NNS F34 108 have_HV mostly_RB originated_VBN ,_, but_CC they_PP3AS have_HV F34 108 spread_VBN much_RB more_QL quickly_RB than_CS in_IN F34 109 previous_JJ periods_NNS ._. ^ in_IN the_ATI past_JJB fifty_CD years_NNS F34 109 or_CC so_PN we_PP1AS have_HV seen_VBN a_AT number_NN F34 110 of_IN *'_*' isms_NNS **'_**' ,_, following_VBG each_PPLS other_PPLS" F34 110 in_IN quick_JJ succession_NN *-_*- cubism_NN ,_, F34 111 futurism_NN ,_, fauvism_NN ,_, surrealism_NN and_CC others_APS ._. ^ F34 111 these_DTS movements_NNS have_HV F34 112 mostly_RB consisted_VBN in_IN the_ATI exaggeration_NN of_IN some_DTI F34 112 single_JJ factor_NN in_IN F34 113 painting_NN *-_*- some_DTI factor_NN that_WPR has_HVZ been_BEN part_NN F34 113 of_IN the_ATI stock-in-trade_NN of_IN F34 114 painters_NNS from_IN the_ATI first_OD *-_*- and_CC enlarging_VBG F34 114 this_DT to_TO become_VB the_ATI whole_NN ._. ^ by_IN F34 115 discarding_VBG all_ABN the_ATI other_AP factors_NNS ,_, or_CC most_AP F34 115 of_IN them_PP3OS ,_, this_DT then_RN becomes_VBZ F34 116 the_ATI sole_JJB interest_NN of_IN the_ATI painter_NN ._. F34 117 ^ to_TO take_VB a_AT single_JJ instance_NN ,_, cubism_NN F34 117 consisted_VBD in_IN the_ATI exaggeration_NN F34 118 of_IN the_ATI geometric_JJ characteristics_NNS of_IN natural_JJ F34 118 forms_NNS ._. ^ there_EX have_HV always_RB F34 119 been_BEN painters_NNS who_WPR enjoyed_VBD the_ATI squareness_NN or_CC F34 119 roundness_NN of_IN things_NNS ,_, and_CC F34 120 have_HV tended_VBN in_IN consequence_NN to_TO exaggerate_VB the_ATI F34 120 squareness_NN of_IN an_AT elbow_NN or_CC F34 121 a_AT cliff_NN edge_NN and_CC the_ATI roundness_NN of_IN a_AT F34 121 forehead_NN or_CC a_AT hilltop_NN at_IN the_ATI F34 122 expense_NN of_IN other_AP aspects_NNS of_IN objects_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI F34 122 Cubists_NNPS took_VBD this_DT to_IN the_ATI F34 123 limit_NN ,_, reducing_VBG every_AT form_NN to_IN its_PP$ simplest_JJT F34 123 ,_, geometric_JJ counterpart_NN *-_*- F34 124 making_VBG human_JJ figures_NNS ,_, trees_NNS ,_, hills_NNS and_CC F34 124 everything_PN else_RB into_IN F34 125 arrangements_NNS of_IN cubes_NNS ,_, spheres_NNS and_CC cylinders_NNS F34 125 ._. ^ of_RB course_RB" ,_, in_TO order_TO" to_TO" F34 126 do_DO this_DT they_PP3AS had_HVD to_TO deny_VB themselves_PPLS F34 126 nearly_RB every_AT quality_NN other_AP than_IN F34 127 geometric_JJ forms_NNS ;_; but_CC that_DT is_BEZ the_ATI nature_NN F34 127 of_IN an_AT *'_*' ism_NN **'_**' in_IN art_NN ._. ^ many_AP F34 128 British_JNP painters_NNS have_HV been_BEN influenced_VBN by_IN F34 128 cubism_NN ,_, among_IN them_PP3OS Wyndham_NP F34 129 Lewis_NP ,_, Paul_NP Nash_NP ,_, Edward_NP Wadsworth_NP and_CC F34 129 William_NP Roberts_NP ._. F34 130 ^ another_DT characteristic_NN of_IN painting_NN in_IN recent_JJ F34 130 times_NNS is_BEZ the_ATI F34 131 repeated_JJ turning_VBG back_RP for_IN inspiration_NN to_IN early_JJ F34 131 or_CC primitive_JJ artistic_JJ F34 132 traditions_NNS ._. ^ this_DT is_BEZ not_XNOT just_RB the_ATI kind_NN F34 132 of_IN home_NR sickness_NN for_IN simpler_JJR F34 133 ways_NNS which_WDTR we_PP1AS have_HV seen_VBN already_RB ,_, among_IN F34 133 the_ATI pre-Raphaelites_NNPS for_IN F34 134 instance_NN ._. ^ no_ATI doubt_NN this_DT feeling_NN enters_VBZ into_IN F34 134 it_PP3 ,_, but_CC there_EX is_BEZ more_AP to_IN F34 135 it_PP3 than_IN that_DT ._. ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ part_NN of_IN a_AT F34 135 questing_NN for_IN new_JJ purpose_NN and_CC aim_NN in_IN F34 136 art_NN ._. F34 137 ^ of_RB course_RB" there_EX are_BER still_RB many_AP painters_NNS F34 137 who_WPR are_BER content_JJ to_TO F34 138 continue_VB working_VBG in_IN the_ATI academic_JJ way_NN ,_, F34 138 developing_VBG new_JJ variations_NNS within_IN F34 139 the_ATI tradition_NN of_IN more_QL or_CC less_QL descriptive_JJ F34 139 painting_NN ._. ^ but_CC there_EX is_BEZ a_AT F34 140 growing_JJ number_NN who_WPR have_HV become_VBN dissatisfied_JJ with_IN F34 140 this_DT ._. ^ they_PP3AS have_HV come_VBN F34 141 to_TO feel_VB that_CS realistic_JJ painting_NN has_HVZ run_VBN its_PP$ F34 141 course_NN and_CC that_CS the_ATI whole_NN F34 142 of_IN that_DT road_NN has_HVZ been_BEN thoroughly_RB explored_VBN F34 142 and_CC no_ATI further_JJB progress_NN is_BEZ F34 143 possible_JJ ._. ^ there_EX is_BEZ no_ATI feeling_NN of_IN adventure_NN F34 143 for_IN them_PP3OS in_IN this_DT field_NN ,_, no_ATI F34 144 anticipation_NN of_IN new_JJ discovery_NN ,_, and_CC without_IN this_DT F34 144 a_AT painter's_NN$ work_NN F34 145 becomes_VBZ unbearable_JJ drudgery_NN ._. ^ unless_CS he_PP3A feels_VBZ F34 145 that_CS he_PP3A can_MD improve_VB ,_, he_PP3A F34 146 must_MD either_DTX give_VB up_RP or_CC go_VB back_RP and_CC start_VB F34 146 again_RB on_IN a_AT new_JJ route_NN ._. F34 147 ^ that_DT is_BEZ just_RB what_WDT many_AP painters_NNS have_HV F34 147 been_BEN doing_VBG in_IN recent_JJ years_NNS ._. F34 148 ^ they_PP3AS can_MD not_XNOT beat_VB the_ATI camera_NN at_IN its_PP$ F34 148 own_AP work_NN and_CC they_PP3AS can_MD not_XNOT improve_VB F34 149 on_IN the_ATI work_NN of_IN the_ATI great_JJ realistic_JJ painters_NNS F34 149 before_IN them_PP3OS ,_, so_CS they_PP3AS go_VB F34 150 back_RP along_IN the_ATI route_NN of_IN painting_NN of_IN the_ATI F34 150 past_NN in_IN the_ATI hope_NN of_IN finding_VBG F34 151 some_DTI side-track_NN branching_VBG off_RP ,_, which_WDTR will_MD F34 151 open_VB up_RP into_IN a_AT royal_JJ road_NN to_IN F34 152 new_JJ achievements_NNS and_CC exciting_JJ discoveries_NNS ._. ^ so_RB F34 152 the_ATI modern_JJ painters_NNS F34 153 have_HV often_RB taken_VBN the_ATI ancient_JJ Greeks_NNPS or_CC F34 153 Mexicans_NNPS ,_, or_CC perhaps_RB the_ATI more_QL F34 154 recent_JJ carvers_NNS of_IN west_NR Africa_NP ,_, or_CC the_ATI Fiji_NP F34 154 Islands_NPLS as_IN their_PP$ F34 155 inspiration_NN ,_, just_RB as_CS explorers_NNS in_IN a_AT strange_JJ F34 155 land_NN will_MD employ_VB local_JJ F34 156 guides_NNS ._. F34 157 ^ after_IN all_ABN ,_, there_EX have_HV been_BEN artists_NNS in_IN F34 157 the_ATI world_NN for_IN nearly_RB fifty_CD F34 158 thousand_CD years_NNS ,_, but_CC painters_NNS have_HV been_BEN F34 158 working_VBG in_IN the_ATI academic_JJ style_NN F34 159 for_IN only_RB about_RB the_ATI last_AP six_CD hundred_CD years_NNS ,_, F34 159 and_CC most_AP of_IN that_DT time_NN in_IN F34 160 only_RB one_CD1 part_NN of_IN the_ATI world_NN *-_*- western_JJ F34 160 Europe_NP ._. ^ this_DT academic_JJ painting_NN F34 161 is_BEZ a_AT recent_JJ ,_, very_QL wonderful_JJ episode_NN if_CS F34 161 we_PP1AS consider_VB it_PP3 against_IN the_ATI F34 162 whole_NN of_IN art_NN history_NN ._. ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ like_IN one_CD1 F34 162 short_JJ act_NN in_IN a_AT long_JJ performance_NN ;_; F34 163 and_CC while_CS painters_NNS in_IN Europe_NP have_HV been_BEN F34 163 perfecting_VBG their_PP$ own_AP tradition_NN ,_, F34 164 there_EX were_BED many_AP other_AP artistic_JJ traditions_NNS ,_, F34 164 both_ABX past_JJB and_CC present_JJ ,_, F34 165 about_IN which_WDTR they_PP3AS were_BED very_QL ignorant_JJ ._. ^ F34 165 all_ABN these_DTS alien_JJ styles_NNS were_BED F34 166 available_JJ to_TO help_VB them_PP3OS when_WRB they_PP3AS felt_VBD F34 166 the_ATI need_NN to_TO make_VB a_AT new_JJ F34 167 beginning_NN ._. F34 168 ^ some_DTI artists_NNS have_HV found_VBN a_AT new_JJ path_NN in_IN F34 168 their_PP$ work_NN by_IN abandoning_VBG F34 169 subject-matter_NN entirely_RB ._. ^ they_PP3AS have_HV taken_VBN F34 169 this_DT much_RB further_RBR than_CS F34 170 Whistler_NP and_CC the_ATI impressionists_NNS did_DOD ,_, and_CC F34 170 represent_VB nothing_PN in_IN their_PP$ F34 171 pictures_NNS ,_, employing_VBG only_RB purely_RB abstract_JJ shapes_NNS F34 171 ._. ^ Ben_NP Nicholson_NP is_BEZ the_ATI F34 172 best_RBT known_JJ of_IN the_ATI British_JNP abstract_JJ painters_NNS F34 172 ._. F34 173 ^ many_AP painters_NNS ,_, in_IN quite_RB recent_JJ times_NNS ,_, F34 173 feel_VB more_RBR and_CC more_RBR out_RP of_IN F34 174 tune_NN with_IN modern_JJ society_NN ._. ^ they_PP3AS feel_VB that_CS F34 174 the_ATI world_NN today_NR belongs_VBZ to_IN F34 175 science_NN and_CC machines_NNS and_CC has_HVZ no_ATI place_NN for_IN F34 175 art_NN *-_*- that_CS everywhere_RB a_AT F34 176 falsely_RB high_JJ value_NN is_BEZ placed_VBN on_IN material_JJ F34 176 things_NNS ,_, and_CC the_ATI mind_NN and_CC F34 177 spirit_NN of_IN man_NN is_BEZ being_BEG neglected_VBN ._. ^ some_DTI F34 177 of_IN them_PP3OS ,_, especially_RB certain_JJ F34 178 groups_NNS abroad_RB ,_, have_HV expressed_VBN in_IN their_PP$ F34 178 pictures_NNS the_ATI frustration_NN and_CC F34 179 dissatisfaction_NN which_WDTR they_PP3AS feel_VB ._. ^ at_IN times_NNS F34 179 such_ABL painters_NNS have_HV gone_VBN far_RB F34 180 beyond_IN the_ATI satire_NN of_IN Hogarth_NP and_CC Rowlandson_NP ,_, F34 180 and_CC have_HV held_VBN mankind_NN up_RP F34 181 to_IN derision_NN in_IN their_PP$ canvases_NNS ,_, depicting_VBG F34 181 humanity_NN as_CS distorted_VBN by_IN F34 182 corruption_NN and_CC lunacy_NN ._. F34 183 ^ as_CS usual_JJ ,_, these_DTS new_JJ movements_NNS have_HV F34 183 mostly_RB been_BEN in_IN existence_NN for_IN F34 184 some_DTI time_NN on_IN the_ATI continent_NN before_CS they_PP3AS F34 184 reached_VBD Britain_NP ;_; and_CC when_WRB they_PP3AS F34 185 have_HV been_BEN seen_VBN here_RN it_PP3 has_HVZ often_RB been_BEN F34 185 only_RB in_IN a_AT modified_JJ form_NN ._. ^ but_CC a_AT F34 186 great_JJ deal_NN of_IN the_ATI art_NN of_IN today_NR in_IN this_DT F34 186 country_NN has_HVZ been_BEN affected_VBN by_IN F34 187 them_PP3OS ._. F34 188 ^ the_ATI recent_JJ tendency_NN to_TO turn_VB away_RP from_IN F34 188 realism_NN in_IN painting_NN has_HVZ F34 189 been_BEN made_VBN easier_JJR because_CS photography_NN has_HVZ now_RN F34 189 relieved_VBN painters_NNS of_IN much_AP F34 190 of_IN their_PP$ previous_JJ task_NN of_IN recording_VBG facts_NNS F34 190 and_CC portraying_VBG people_NNS and_CC F34 191 places_NNS ._. F35 2 ^ traditional_JJ customs_NNS ._. F35 3 ^ Meistertrunk_&FW (_( Master_NPT draught_NN )_) and_CC F35 3 shepherd's_NN$ dance_NN ,_, F35 4 Rothenburg-on-Tauber_NP ,_, Sundays_NRS in_IN June_NR ,_, July_NR F35 4 and_CC August_NR ._. ^ the_ATI F35 5 Meistertrunk_&FW is_BEZ the_ATI best_RBT known_JJ and_CC most_QL F35 5 popular_JJ of_IN the_ATI Bavarian_JNP F35 6 history_NN plays_NNS ._. ^ and_CC it_PP3 takes_VBZ place_NN ,_, of_RB F35 6 course_RB" ,_, in_IN perhaps_RB the_ATI most_QL F35 7 picturesque_JJ medieval_JJ town_NN in_IN Germany_NP ._. ^ *'_*' the_ATI F35 7 Master_NPT draught_NN **'_**' is_BEZ F35 8 based_VBN on_IN chronicled_JJ events_NNS of_IN the_ATI thirty_CD F35 8 years'_NNS$ war_NN ._. ^ when_WRB ,_, in_IN F35 9 October_NR ,_, 1631_CD ,_, the_ATI imperial_JJ field_NN marshal_NN F35 9 Tilly_NP brought_VBD his_PP$ troops_NNS to_IN F35 10 the_ATI town_NN ,_, demanding_VBG its_PP$ surrender_NN ,_, the_ATI F35 10 citizens_NNS refused_VBD ._. ^ however_RB ,_, at_RB F35 11 last_RB" they_PP3AS had_HVD to_TO give_VB in_RP ,_, and_CC the_ATI F35 11 conqueror_NN decided_VBD the_ATI burgomaster_NN F35 12 and_CC the_ATI councilmen_NNS should_MD suffer_VB the_ATI death_NN F35 12 penalty_NN ._. ^ pleas_NNS from_IN the_ATI F35 13 women_NNS and_CC children_NNS softened_VBD Tilly's_NP$ heart_NN F35 13 somewhat_RB ._. ^ but_CC good_JJ wine_NN did_DOD F35 14 more_AP ,_, for_CS when_WRB he_PP3A saw_VBD the_ATI magnificent_JJ F35 14 state_NN beaker_NN he_PP3A stated_VBD that_CS if_CS F35 15 the_ATI burgomaster_NN or_CC one_CD1 of_IN the_ATI council_NN could_MD F35 15 empty_VB it_PP3 at_IN one_CD1 draught_NN F35 16 all_ABN should_MD live_VB and_CC the_ATI city_NN be_BE spared_VBN ._. ^ F35 16 burgomaster_NN Nush_NP undertook_VBD F35 17 the_ATI task_NN ,_, and_CC emptied_VBD the_ATI beaker_NN at_IN one_CD1 F35 17 draught_NN ,_, thus_RB saving_VBG everyone_PN ._. F35 18 ^ this_DT historical_JJ beaker_NN is_BEZ still_RB used_VBN when_WRB F35 18 the_ATI epic_JJ story_NN is_BEZ F35 19 re-enacted_VBN to-day_NR ,_, although_CS this_DT scene_NN is_BEZ but_RI F35 19 one_CD1 in_IN a_AT play_NN in_IN which_WDTR F35 20 the_ATI actors_NNS wear_VB period_JJB costumes_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI F35 20 entire_JJB town_NN is_BEZ the_ATI stage_NN ,_, with_IN F35 21 the_ATI troop_NN encampment_NN outside_IN the_ATI city_NN walls_NNS ,_, F35 21 the_ATI children's_NNS$ plea_NN with_IN F35 22 Tilly_NP on_IN the_ATI market_NN square_NN ,_, and_CC all_ABN the_ATI F35 22 rest_NN ._. F35 23 ^ in_IN the_ATI afternoon_NN of_IN some_DTI days_NNS of_IN the_ATI F35 23 history_NN play_NN ,_, the_ATI historical_JJ F35 24 shepherds'_NNS$ dance_NN is_BEZ performed_VBN in_IN the_ATI market_NN F35 24 square_NN ._. ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ danced_VBN in_IN F35 25 honour_NN of_IN \0St_NPT Wolfgang_NP ,_, patron-saint_NN of_IN F35 25 shepherds_NNS ,_, and_CC commemorates_VBZ F35 26 a_AT member_NN of_IN the_ATI shepherds'_NNS$ guild_NN who_WPR made_VBD F35 26 a_AT race_NN from_IN his_PP$ pastures_NNS to_IN F35 27 the_ATI city_NN to_TO bring_VB warning_NN of_IN the_ATI approach_NN F35 27 of_IN an_AT enemy_NN ._. ^ the_ATI troop_NN F35 28 encampment_NN outside_IN the_ATI city_NN walls_NNS lasts_VBZ until_CS F35 28 late_RB ,_, when_WRB camp_NN fires_NNS F35 29 and_CC torch-light_NN add_VB to_IN the_ATI romantic_JJ scene_NN ._. ^ F35 29 on_IN certain_JJ evenings_NNS during_IN F35 30 the_ATI summer_NN ,_, Hans_NP Sachs_NP plays_NNS are_BER given_VBN F35 30 in_IN a_AT local_JJ hall_NN ._. F35 31 ^ Kinderzeche_&FW (_( children's_NNS$ feast_NN )_) ,_, F35 31 Dinkelsbu"hl_NP ,_, July_NR ._. ^ this_DT F35 32 medieval_JJ town_NN ,_, not_XNOT far_RB from_IN Rothenburg_NP ,_, F35 32 also_RB re-enacts_VBZ an_AT episode_NN from_IN F35 33 the_ATI thirty_CD years'_NNS$ war_NN ._. ^ when_WRB a_AT Swedish_JNP F35 33 colonel_NN came_VBD with_IN his_PP$ troops_NNS to_TO F35 34 conquer_VB the_ATI town_NN ,_, the_ATI burghers_NNS were_BED split_VBN F35 34 in_IN their_PP$ attitude_NN ._. ^ in_IN F35 35 perplexity_NN the_ATI city_NN fathers_NNS tried_VBD vainly_RB to_TO F35 35 find_VB a_AT solution_NN ._. ^ ruin_NN and_CC F35 36 destruction_NN seemed_VBD inevitable_JJ ._. ^ it_PP3 was_BEDZ then_RN F35 36 that_CS a_AT beautiful_JJ young_JJ F35 37 girl_NN ,_, named_VBN Lore_NP ,_, accompanied_VBN by_IN a_AT crowd_NN F35 37 of_IN small_JJ children_NNS ,_, offered_VBD to_TO F35 38 go_VB out_RP to_TO meet_VB the_ATI Colonel_NPT and_CC to_TO beg_VB F35 38 pity_NN for_IN the_ATI town_NN ._. ^ but_CC before_CS F35 39 the_ATI plan_NN could_MD be_BE realised_VBN the_ATI Swedish_JNP F35 39 troops_NNS had_HVD entered_VBN the_ATI city_NN ,_, F35 40 ready_JJ to_TO destroy_VB it_PP3 ._. ^ at_IN that_DT moment_NN ,_, F35 40 the_ATI song_NN of_IN children's_NNS$ voices_NNS F35 41 sounded_VBD from_IN afar_RB ,_, and_CC then_RN Lore_NP appeared_VBD F35 41 with_IN her_PP$ young_JJ band_NN ._. F35 42 ^ fearlessly_RB she_PP3A faced_VBD the_ATI conqueror_NN ,_, knelt_VBD F35 42 and_CC begged_VBD his_PP$ mercy_NN for_IN F35 43 the_ATI town_NN and_CC its_PP$ people_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI colonel's_NN$ F35 43 heart_NN softened_VBD ,_, and_CC F35 44 Dinkelsbu"hl_NP was_BEDZ saved_VBN from_IN destruction_NN ._. F35 45 ^ the_ATI Kinderzeche_&FW festival_NN is_BEZ first_RB of_IN all_ABN F35 45 a_AT children's_NNS$ event_NN ._. ^ it_PP3 F35 46 usually_RB begins_VBZ on_IN the_ATI Saturday_NR before_IN the_ATI F35 46 third_OD Monday_NR in_IN July_NR with_IN F35 47 beer_NN sampling_NN on_IN the_ATI *'_*' shooting_JJ meadows_NNS ._. F35 47 **'_**' ^ the_ATI next_AP morning_NN the_ATI F35 48 boys'_NNS$ band_NN marches_VBZ through_IN the_ATI city_NN in_IN F35 48 historical_JJ costumes_NNS ,_, playing_VBG F35 49 lustily_RB ._. ^ the_ATI festival_NN play_NN is_BEZ performed_VBN in_IN F35 49 the_ATI ancient_JJ market_NN hall_NN ._. F35 50 ^ during_IN the_ATI play_NN period_NN ,_, the_ATI entire_JJB town_NN F35 50 is_BEZ one_CD1 great_JJ festival_NN ground_NN ._. F35 51 ^ there_EX are_BER processions_NNS ,_, children's_NNS$ dances_NNS ,_, F35 51 concerts_NNS ,_, guild_NN and_CC sword_NN F35 52 dances_NNS ,_, and_CC many_AP other_AP entertainments_NNS ._. F35 53 ^ Hamelin_NP is_BEZ mainly_RB familiar_JJ to_IN us_PP1OS through_IN F35 53 the_ATI legend_NN of_IN the_ATI F35 54 Rattenfa"nger_&FW (_( rat-catcher_NN )_) ,_, related_VBN in_IN F35 54 Browning's_NP$ poem_NN ._. ^ the_ATI F35 55 event_NN is_BEZ celebrated_VBN each_DT Sunday_NR in_IN summer_NN F35 55 when_WRB the_ATI story_NN is_BEZ re-enacted_VBN F35 56 by_IN a_AT piper_NN and_CC boys_NNS ,_, the_ATI latter_AP disguised_VBN F35 56 as_IN mice_NNS ._. ^ unfortunately_RB ,_, F35 57 modern_JJ research_NN tends_VBZ to_TO discredit_VB the_ATI legend_NN F35 57 ,_, claiming_VBG that_CS what_WDT F35 58 really_RB happened_VBD was_BEDZ a_AT visit_NN from_IN a_AT labour_NN F35 58 agent_NN who_WPR attracted_VBD many_AP F35 59 local_JJ young_JJ men_NNS away_RP to_IN Bohemia_NP ,_, with_IN the_ATI F35 59 promise_NN of_IN good_JJ wages_NNS ._. F35 60 ^ the_ATI princely_JJ wedding_NN ,_, Landshut_NP ,_, every_AT two_CD F35 60 or_CC three_CD years_NNS F35 61 (_( usually_RB on_IN three_CD Sundays_NRS in_IN June_NR and_CC July_NR F35 61 )_) ._. ^ this_DT is_BEZ one_CD1 of_IN the_ATI most_QL F35 62 colourful_JJ events_NNS in_IN Europe_NP ._. ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ a_AT F35 62 re-enactment_NN of_IN a_AT gorgeous_JJ F35 63 wedding_NN which_WDTR took_VBD place_NN in_IN 1745_CD when_WRB F35 63 Ludwig_NP the_ATI rich_JJ married_VBD his_PP$ son_NN ,_, F35 64 Duke_NPT George_NP ,_, to_IN Hedwiga_NP of_IN the_ATI royal_JJ house_NN F35 64 of_IN Poland_NP ._. ^ in_IN addition_NN to_IN F35 65 a_AT festive_JJ procession_NN ,_, the_ATI houses_NNS of_IN this_DT F35 65 medieval_JJ town_NN are_BER beautifully_RB F35 66 decorated_VBN for_IN the_ATI occasion_NN ,_, and_CC nearly_RB a_AT F35 66 thousand_CD *'_*' burghers_NNS ,_, **'_**' F35 67 dressed_VBN in_IN the_ATI rich_JJ costumes_NNS of_IN the_ATI middle_JJB F35 67 ages_NNS ,_, strut_VB around_RP and_CC F35 68 bring_VB those_DTS opulent_JJ days_NNS back_RP to_IN life_NN for_IN F35 68 a_AT short_JJ while_NN ._. ^ I_PP1A say_VB F35 69 *'_*' opulent_JJ ,_, **'_**' for_CS it_PP3 is_BEZ officially_RB F35 69 recorded_VBN that_CS at_IN the_ATI feasting_NN which_WDTR F35 70 followed_VBD the_ATI actual_JJ wedding_NN ,_, 333_CD oxen_NNS ,_, F35 70 275_CD fat_JJ pigs_NNS ,_, 40_CD calves_NNS ,_, and_CC F35 71 12,000_CD geese_NNS were_BED eaten_VBN ._. F35 72 ^ Tanzel-Festival_&FW ,_, Kaufbeuren_NP ,_, July_NR ._. ^ this_DT F35 72 is_BEZ another_DT F35 73 outstanding_JJ costume_NN festival_NN held_VBN in_IN a_AT small_JJ F35 73 town_NN lying_VBG between_IN F35 74 Augsburg_NP and_CC Fu"ssen_NP ._. ^ it_PP3 celebrates_VBZ an_AT old_JJ F35 74 custom_NN dating_VBG back_RP to_IN F35 75 1497_CD ,_, and_CC begins_VBZ with_IN the_ATI enactment_NN of_IN an_AT F35 75 historic_JJ scene_NN ,_, when_WRB the_ATI F35 76 burgomaster_NN with_IN his_PP$ councillors_NNS receives_VBZ King_NPT F35 76 Conradin_NP who_WPR ,_, on_IN F35 77 horseback_NN and_CC accompanied_VBN by_IN his_PP$ knights_NNS and_CC F35 77 bishops_NNS ,_, appears_VBZ at_IN the_ATI F35 78 door_NN of_IN the_ATI town_NN hall_NN ._. ^ the_ATI festival's_NN$ F35 78 climax_NN ,_, however_RB ,_, is_BEZ the_ATI great_JJ F35 79 procession_NN through_IN the_ATI town_NN ,_, with_IN heralds_NNS ,_, F35 79 flower-girls_NNS ,_, drummers_NNS ,_, the_ATI F35 80 King_NPT ,_, the_ATI city_NN council_NN and_CC their_PP$ ladies_NNS ,_, F35 80 lansquenets_NNS in_IN plus-fours_NNS ,_, F35 81 followed_VBN by_IN the_ATI guilds_NNS and_CC their_PP$ state_NN F35 81 carriages_NNS ,_, among_IN them_PP3OS weavers_NNS ,_, F35 82 brewers_NNS ,_, tanners_NNS and_CC blacksmiths_NNS ._. ^ archers_NNS F35 82 appear_VB ,_, flag-wavers_NNS ,_, F35 83 medievally-clad_JJ soldiers_NNS and_CC yellow_JJ mail_NN coaches_NNS F35 83 with_IN postillions_NNS F35 84 industriously_RB blowing_VBG their_PP$ horns_NNS ._. ^ there_EX are_BER F35 84 many_AP bands_NNS ,_, while_CS F35 85 perhaps_RB the_ATI most_QL beautiful_JJ features_NNS of_IN the_ATI F35 85 festival_NN are_BER the_ATI 800_CD F35 86 children_NNS ,_, dressed_VBN in_IN historic_JJ costumes_NNS ._. F35 87 ^ anno_NN 1634_CD ,_, No"rdlingen_NP ,_, during_IN summer_NN F35 87 months_NNS ._. ^ this_DT is_BEZ the_ATI F35 88 most_QL southerly_JJ of_IN the_ATI three_CD medieval_JJ towns_NNS F35 88 lying_VBG on_IN the_ATI *'_*' romantic_JJ F35 89 road_NN ,_, **'_**' and_CC it_PP3 still_RB retains_VBZ its_PP$ F35 89 fortress_NN wall_NN with_IN 18_CD towers_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI F35 90 Daniel_NP Tower_NPL of_IN its_PP$ fine_JJ \0St_NPT George's_NP$ F35 90 Church_NPL still_RB sees_VBZ a_AT unique_JJ F35 91 nightly_JJ ceremony_NN ,_, for_CS at_IN nine_CD each_DT night_NN a_AT F35 91 watchman_NN at_IN its_PP$ summit_NN F35 92 cries_NNS to_IN another_DT on_IN the_ATI ground_NN that_CS *'_*' F35 92 all_ABN 's_BEZ well_JJ ._. **'_**' ^ the_ATI play_NN F35 93 re-enacts_VBZ various_JJ events_NNS in_IN the_ATI thirty_CD years'_NNS$ F35 93 war_NN ._. ^ there_EX are_BER dances_NNS F35 94 in_IN period_JJB costumes_NNS ,_, concerts_NNS and_CC other_AP F35 94 entertainments_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI town's_NN$ F35 95 populace_NN form_VB the_ATI cast_NN for_IN the_ATI play_NN ,_, and_CC F35 95 the_ATI streets_NNS offer_VB a_AT F35 96 fascinating_JJ picture_NN ,_, resembling_VBG indeed_RB a_AT medieval_JJ F35 96 master's_NN$ painting_NN ._. F35 97 ^ spearing_VBG the_ATI dragon_NN ,_, Fu"rth-im-Wald_NP ._. ^ for_IN F35 97 500_CD years_NNS this_DT town_NN F35 98 in_IN the_ATI Bayerischer_NP Wald_NPL has_HVZ performed_VBN an_AT F35 98 exciting_JJ open-air_JJB play_NN (_( every_AT F35 99 second_OD Sunday_NR in_IN August_NR )_) ,_, called_VBN *'_*' F35 99 Drachenstich_&FW **'_**' (_( spearing_VBG the_ATI F35 100 dragon_NN )_) ._. ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ based_VBN ,_, obviously_RB ,_, on_IN F35 100 some_DTI pagan_JJ legend_NN ._. ^ performed_VBN in_IN F35 101 the_ATI market_NN square_NN ,_, the_ATI play_NN has_HVZ as_IN its_PP$ F35 101 climax_NN the_ATI killing_NN of_IN the_ATI F35 102 dragon_NN (_( 50_CD \0ft_NNU long_JJ ,_, 10_CD \0ft_NNU high_JJ ,_, F35 102 and_CC weighing_VBG over_RB a_AT ton_NN )_) by_IN a_AT F35 103 knight_NN on_IN horseback_NN who_WPR pierces_VBZ the_ATI monster's_NN$ F35 103 head_NN by_IN thrusting_VBG his_PP$ F35 104 spear_NN into_IN it_PP3 through_IN the_ATI throat_NN ._. ^ the_ATI F35 104 hero_NN must_MD be_BE careful_JJ ,_, however_RB ,_, F35 105 not_XNOT to_TO miss_VB a_AT pig's_NN$ bladder_NN filled_VBN with_IN F35 105 ox_NN blood_NN ,_, so_CS the_ATI wounded_JJ F35 106 animal_NN can_MD spout_VB blood_NN ._. ^ the_ATI dragon_NN looks_VBZ F35 106 comically_RB gruesome_JJ when_WRB it_PP3 F35 107 spouts_VBZ fire_NN ,_, rolls_VBZ the_ATI eyes_NNS ,_, shows_VBZ its_PP$ F35 107 giant_JJB teeth_NNS ,_, wiggles_VBZ its_PP$ large_JJ F35 108 blood-red_JJ tongue_NN and_CC twists_VBZ its_PP$ huge_JJ body_NN ._. ^ F35 108 with_IN the_ATI Drachenstich_&FW ,_, of_RB F35 109 course_RB" ,_, go_VB merrymaking_NN and_CC various_JJ festivities_NNS F35 109 ,_, including_IN a_AT grand_JJ F35 110 procession_NN through_IN the_ATI streets_NNS ._. F35 111 ^ Fu"rth-im-Wald_NP is_BEZ also_RB the_ATI scene_NN of_IN a_AT F35 111 Leonhardi_NP ride_NN *-_*- a_AT F35 112 religious_JJ festival_NN really_RB ,_, and_CC it_PP3 takes_VBZ place_NN F35 112 on_IN Easter_NP Monday_NR ._. ^ other_AP F35 113 Leonhardi_NP rides_NNS in_IN Bavaria_NP are_BER usually_RB held_VBN F35 113 on_IN November_NR 6th_OD ,_, the_ATI F35 114 saint's_NN$ day_NN ._. F35 115 ^ Trenck_NP ,_, the_ATI Pandur_NP ,_, Waldmu"nchen_NP (_( July_NR F35 115 to_IN August_NR )_) ._. ^ this_DT F35 116 open-air_JJB play_NN performed_VBN after_IN dark_NN is_BEZ notable_JJ F35 116 for_IN its_PP$ excellent_JJ F35 117 artistic_JJ management_NN and_CC the_ATI highly_RB realistic_JJ F35 117 acting_NN ._. ^ among_IN the_ATI F35 118 players_NNS are_BER many_AP direct_JJ descendants_NNS of_IN the_ATI F35 118 characters_NNS they_PP3AS represent_VB F35 119 in_IN the_ATI play_NN ._. ^ the_ATI story_NN is_BEZ about_IN the_ATI F35 119 capture_NN ,_, sack_NN and_CC burning_NN of_IN the_ATI F35 120 town_NN by_IN a_AT notorious_JJ leader_NN of_IN Hungarian_JNP Pandur_NP F35 120 bands_NNS in_IN the_ATI year_NN 1742_CD ._. F35 121 ^ the_ATI nightly_JJ troop_NN encampment_NN scenes_NNS ,_, wild_JJ F35 121 riding_NN ,_, and_CC especially_RB the_ATI F35 122 storming_NN of_IN the_ATI town_NN with_IN scaling_VBG ladders_NNS ,_, F35 122 torches_NNS and_CC burning_JJ pitch_NN ,_, F35 123 are_BER exciting_JJ and_CC exceedingly_RB well_RB done_VBN ._. F35 124 ^ Ulmer_&FW Fischerstechen_&FW ,_, Ulm_NP ,_, first_OD Monday_NR F35 124 in_IN August_NR on_IN the_ATI F35 125 Danube_NP ._. ^ according_IN to_IN" old_JJ tradition_NN ,_, two_CD F35 125 boats_NNS approach_VB with_IN the_ATI F35 126 participants_NNS in_IN old_JJ costumes_NNS ,_, and_CC try_VB and_CC F35 126 joust_VB each_PPLS other_PPLS" into_IN the_ATI F35 127 water_NN with_IN lances_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI *'_*' sport_NN **'_**' F35 127 was_BEDZ already_RB popular_JJ in_IN the_ATI 16th_OD F35 128 century_NN when_WRB Kaiser_NPT Karl_NP 5_CD and_CC his_PP$ son_NN ,_, F35 128 later_RBR King_NPT Philip_NP 2_CD of_IN F35 129 Spain_NP ,_, allowed_VBD it_PP3 in_IN 1549_CD ._. ^ this_DT Turnier_&FW F35 129 auf_&FW dem_&FW Wasser_&FW F35 130 (_( tournament_NN on_IN the_ATI water_NN )_) was_BEDZ played_VBN in_IN F35 130 the_ATI old_JJ Ulm_NP days_NNS when_WRB it_PP3 was_BEDZ F35 131 a_AT free_JJ city_NN and_CC the_ATI game_NN took_VBD place_NN F35 131 between_IN youngsters_NNS of_IN the_ATI F35 132 fishermen's_NNS$ guild_NN ._. ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ today_NR performed_VBN F35 132 as_IN a_AT pageant_NN ,_, and_CC is_BEZ also_RB F35 133 popular_JJ in_IN other_AP countries_NNS ._. F35 134 ^ potters'_NNS$ festival_NN ,_, Passau_NP ,_, first_OD Saturday_NR F35 134 in_IN August_NR ._. ^ the_ATI F35 135 products_NNS of_IN the_ATI potters_NNS of_IN the_ATI Ilz_NP section_NN F35 135 of_IN this_DT three-river_JJB city_NN F35 136 have_HV long_RB been_BEN famous_JJ ._. ^ although_CS their_PP$ great_JJ F35 136 boom_NN period_NN is_BEZ no_RB more_RBR ,_, F35 137 the_ATI Ilz_NP *'_*' Haferl_&FW festival_NN **'_**' (_( pottery_NN F35 137 festival_NN )_) is_BEZ still_RB celebrated_VBN F35 138 with_IN great_JJ enthusiasm_NN ._. ^ all_ABN the_ATI buildings_NNS F35 138 in_IN town_NN and_CC the_ATI moated_JJ F35 139 castle_NN ,_, Niederhaus_NP ,_, are_BER specially_RB illuminated_VBN F35 139 ,_, dance_NN music_NN is_BEZ played_VBN F35 140 in_IN the_ATI open_NN ,_, there_EX are_BER open-air_JJB F35 140 performances_NNS ,_, water_NN games_NNS ,_, boat_NN F35 141 racing_NN ,_, and_CC a_AT pageant_NN ._. ^ the_ATI climax_NN is_BEZ F35 141 a_AT large_JJ scale_NN illumination_NN of_IN F35 142 the_ATI town_NN and_CC Oberhaus_NP fortress_NN and_CC the_ATI old_JJ F35 142 section_NN of_IN Passau_NP ._. ^ there_EX F35 143 is_BEZ a_AT splendid_JJ display_NN of_IN fireworks_NNS ;_; and_CC F35 143 one_CD1 seems_VBZ wafted_VBN to_IN a_AT night_NN in_IN F35 144 Venice_NP ._. F35 145 ^ folk_JJB festival_NN ,_, Nuremburg_NP ,_, usually_RB in_IN F35 145 August_NR ._. ^ founded_VBN in_IN F35 146 1826_CD ,_, this_DT festival_NN is_BEZ rather_RB similar_JJ to_IN F35 146 the_ATI better-known_JJR Oktoberfest_&FW F35 147 of_IN Munich_NP ._. ^ there_EX are_BER the_ATI great_JJ beer_NN F35 147 tents_NNS ,_, representative_JJ shows_NNS ,_, F35 148 entertainments_NNS and_CC other_AP attractions_NNS ._. ^ on_IN the_ATI F35 148 Friday_NR before_IN the_ATI first_OD F35 149 festival_NN Sunday_NR the_ATI chief_JJB burgomaster_NN empties_VBZ F35 149 the_ATI first_OD *'_*' mass_NN F35 150 **'_**' (_( about_RB one_CD1 quart_NN )_) in_IN the_ATI course_NN of_IN F35 150 a_AT grand_JJ beer_NN sampling_NN ceremony_NN ._. F35 151 ^ crowds_NNS pour_VB into_IN the_ATI city_NN from_IN the_ATI F35 151 surrounding_JJ Bavarian_JNP towns_NNS and_CC F35 152 villages_NNS ,_, and_CC there_EX is_BEZ a_AT joyous_JJ atmosphere_NN F35 152 of_IN wit_NN and_CC good_JJ humour_NN *-_*- F35 153 two_CD strong_JJ characteristics_NNS of_IN the_ATI citizens_NNS ._. F35 154 ^ teenagers'_NNS$ festival_NN ,_, Worms_NP ,_, first_OD week_NN F35 154 in_IN September_NR ._. ^ this_DT is_BEZ F35 155 one_CD1 of_IN the_ATI most_QL amusing_JJ festivals_NNS in_IN Germany_NP F35 155 ._. ^ among_IN the_ATI events_NNS are_BER F35 156 the_ATI historical_JJ coachmen's_NNS$ dance_NN ,_, a_AT hilarious_JJ F35 156 fishermen's_NNS$ jousting_NN F35 157 tournament_NN on_IN the_ATI Rhine_NP ,_, fought_VBN from_IN small_JJ F35 157 boats_NNS ,_, a_AT parade_NN of_IN F35 158 illuminated_JJ vessels_NNS ,_, and_CC a_AT giant_JJB firework_NN F35 158 display_NN ._. ^ huge_JJ wine_NN and_CC beer_NN F35 159 tents_NNS ,_, holding_VBG thousands_CDS of_IN visitors_NNS ,_, as_CC F35 159 well_CC" as_CC" numerous_JJ booths_NNS are_BER F35 160 to_TO be_BE found_VBN in_IN the_ATI fair_NN grounds_NNS beside_IN F35 160 the_ATI river's_NN$ bank_NN ._. F35 161 ^ the_ATI Tura_&FW Michele_&FW ,_, Augsburg_&FW ._. ^ since_IN F35 161 1526_CD ,_, a_AT group_NN of_IN F35 162 figures_NNS representing_VBG the_ATI archangel_NN Michael_NP with_IN F35 162 the_ATI devil_NN at_IN his_PP$ feet_NNS F35 163 has_HVZ been_BEN in_IN the_ATI understructure_NN of_IN the_ATI F35 163 Perlach_NP Tower_NPL of_IN the_ATI city_NN hall_NN ._. F35 164 ^ on_IN \0St_NPT Michael's_NP$ day_NN ,_, September_NR 29th_OD ,_, F35 164 the_ATI angel_NN appears_VBZ every_AT hour_NN F35 165 on_IN the_ATI hour_NN ,_, and_CC with_IN each_DT sound_NN of_IN the_ATI F35 165 hour_NN stabs_VBZ the_ATI struggling_JJ F35 166 devil_NN ._. ^ during_IN the_ATI last_AP war_NN the_ATI historical_JJ F35 166 figure_NN was_BEDZ destroyed_VBN ,_, but_CC a_AT F35 167 new_JJ one_CD1 is_BEZ now_RN carrying_VBG on_RP the_ATI old_JJ F35 167 custom_NN ._. ^ every_AT year_NN a_AT fair_NN is_BEZ held_VBN F35 168 on_IN this_DT day_NN and_CC the_ATI so-called_JJB *'_*' Tura_&FW F35 168 Michele_&FW **'_**' is_BEZ visited_VBN by_IN many_AP F35 169 tourists_NNS ._. F35 170 ^ driving_VBG the_ATI cattle_NNS home_NR ,_, Bavarian_JNP Alps_NPS F35 170 ._. ^ according_IN to_IN" an_AT F35 171 ancient_JJ custom_NN the_ATI Almabtrieb_&FW *-_*- driving_VBG the_ATI F35 171 cattle_NNS home_NR from_IN the_ATI F35 172 mountains_NNS *-_*- is_BEZ the_ATI occasion_NN of_IN a_AT great_JJ F35 172 autumn_NN festival_NN in_IN the_ATI Bavarian_JNP F35 173 Alps_NPS ._. ^ in_IN a_AT festive_JJ procession_NN the_ATI cattle_NNS F35 173 ,_, wreathed_VBN and_CC garlanded_VBN ,_, F35 174 stamp_VB down_IN the_ATI hills_NNS ,_, the_ATI dairy_NN maid_NN out_IN F35 174 front_NN and_CC the_ATI shepherd_NN boy_NN F35 175 following_VBG the_ATI herd_NN ._. ^ particularly_RB pretty_JJ is_BEZ F35 175 the_ATI driving-down_NN of_IN the_ATI F35 176 cows_NNS from_IN the_ATI pastures_NNS above_IN Lake_NPL Ko"nigssee_NP F35 176 near_IN Berchtesgaden_NP ,_, where_WRB F35 177 the_ATI cattle_NNS are_BER carried_VBN across_IN the_ATI lake_NN by_IN F35 177 boat_NN ._. F35 178 ^ traditional_JJ costume_NN festivals_NNS ,_, southern_JJ Bavaria_NP F35 178 ._. ^ the_ATI *'_*' union_NN F35 179 of_IN Bavarian_JNP costume_NN clubs_NNS **'_**' comprises_VBZ some_DTI F35 179 650_CD clubs_NNS with_IN a_AT total_NN of_IN F35 180 70,000_CD members_NNS ._. ^ throughout_IN the_ATI year_NN ,_, but_CC F35 180 especially_RB during_IN the_ATI summer_NN F35 181 months_NNS ,_, these_DTS clubs_NNS hold_VB costume_NN festivals_NNS ._. F35 182 ^ one_CD1 of_IN the_ATI outstanding_JJ examples_NNS is_BEZ the_ATI F35 182 annual_JJ pageant_NN in_IN F35 183 Munich_NP in_IN October_NR ._. ^ the_ATI most_QL beautiful_JJ native_JJ F35 183 costumes_NNS from_IN all_RB over_IN F35 184 the_ATI country_NN are_BER on_IN parade_NN there_RN ,_, to_IN the_ATI F35 184 accompaniment_NN of_IN bands_NNS ,_, also_RB F35 185 in_IN native_JJ garb_NN ._. ^ these_DTS costume_NN days_NNS and_CC F35 185 festivals_NNS are_BER real_JJ folk_JJB F35 186 events_NNS ,_, complete_JJ with_IN field_NN mass_NN ,_, extended_JJ F35 186 processions_NNS ,_, honour_NN dances_NNS ,_, F35 187 and_CC music_NN band_NN contests_NNS ._. F35 188 ^ Leonhardi-ride_NN ,_, Bad_NP To"lz_NP ._. ^ November_NR 6th_OD F35 188 is_BEZ the_ATI name-day_NN of_IN F35 189 \0St_NPT Leonhard_NP ,_, patron_NN saint_NN of_IN the_ATI horses_NNS F35 189 ._. ^ in_IN old_JJ Bavaria_NP ,_, the_ATI day_NN F35 190 has_HVZ been_BEN observed_VBN for_IN centuries_NNS by_IN the_ATI F35 190 peasants'_NNS$ *'_*' Leonhardi_NP ride_NN F35 191 **'_**' to_IN church_NN in_IN which_WDTR well-groomed_JJ ,_, F35 191 beautifully_RB harnessed_JJ horses_NNS draw_VB F35 192 richly_RB decorated_JJ wagons_NNS ._. ^ while_CS many_AP villages_NNS F35 192 have_HV clung_VBN to_IN this_DT F35 193 ancient_JJ custom_NN ,_, no_ATI Leonhardi_NP ride_NN has_HVZ become_VBN F35 193 so_QL famous_JJ as_IN the_ATI one_CD1 of_IN F35 194 To"lz_NP in_IN the_ATI Isar_NP river_NN bend_NN ._. ^ the_ATI F35 194 preparations_NNS take_VB weeks_NNS ,_, and_CC from_IN F35 195 distant_JJ farmsteads_NNS they_PP3AS come_VB to_IN Kalvarien_NP (_( F35 195 Calvary_NP )_) Mountain_NPL at_IN To"lz_NP ,_, F35 196 high_RB above_IN the_ATI Isar_NP ._. F36 2 ^ editing_VBG in_IN Eskimo_NNP ._. F36 3 ^ by_IN Francis_NP Dickie_NP ._. F36 4 ^ fifty_CD years_NNS ago_RB ,_, the_ATI Canadian_JNP Eskimo_NNP ,_, F36 4 scattered_VBN across_IN half_ABN F36 5 a_AT million_CD square_JJ miles_NNS of_IN the_ATI Arctic_NP ,_, from_IN F36 5 the_ATI Atlantic_NP seaboard_NN to_IN F36 6 the_ATI Bering_NP Sea_NPL on_IN the_ATI Pacific_NP ,_, was_BEDZ a_AT F36 6 primitive_JJ race_NN ._. ^ now_RN ,_, Canada's_NP$ F36 7 department_NN of_IN northern_JJ affairs_NNS is_BEZ publishing_VBG F36 7 the_ATI first_OD magazine_NN F36 8 entirely_RB in_IN the_ATI Canadian_JNP Eskimo_JNP tongue_NN ever_RB F36 8 produced_VBN ._. F36 9 ^ remembering_VBG that_CS it_PP3 is_BEZ only_RB fifty_CD years_NNS F36 9 since_CS a_AT syllabic_JJ written_JJ F36 10 version_NN of_IN the_ATI Canadian_JNP Eskimo_JNP language_NN was_BEDZ F36 10 created_VBN by_IN missionaries_NNS ,_, F36 11 the_ATI production_NN now_RN of_IN an_AT all-Eskimo_JNP magazine_NN ,_, F36 11 in_IN two_CD separate_JJ F36 12 dialects_NNS ,_, is_BEZ truly_RB an_AT amazing_JJ step_NN forward_RB F36 12 ._. ^ for_CS ,_, it_PP3 must_MD be_BE F36 13 remembered_VBN ,_, fifty_CD years_NNS ago_RB the_ATI Canadian_JNP F36 13 Eskimo_NNP was_BEDZ still_RB a_AT stone-age_JJB F36 14 people_NN ._. ^ the_ATI fact_NN that_CS the_ATI different_JJ tribes_NNS F36 14 were_BED so_QL widely_RB scattered_VBN F36 15 over_IN such_ABL an_AT enormous_JJ territory_NN ,_, and_CC were_BED F36 15 constantly_RB on_IN the_ATI move_NN in_IN F36 16 pursuit_NN of_IN sea_NN and_CC land_NN animals_NNS and_CC fish_NNS ,_, F36 16 made_VBD the_ATI missionary's_NN$ F36 17 teaching_NN of_IN the_ATI syllabics_NNS slower_JJR and_CC more_QL F36 17 difficult_JJ ._. F36 19 ^ this_DT first_OD magazine_NN is_BEZ ,_, therefore_RB ,_, a_AT F36 19 triumph_NN :_: until_IN its_PP$ F36 20 appearance_NN ,_, the_ATI use_NN of_IN syllabics_NNS was_BEDZ F36 20 confined_VBN to_IN letters_NNS ,_, brief_JJ F36 21 messages_NNS ,_, and_CC the_ATI Bible_NP ._. ^ in_IN future_NN ,_, F36 21 across_IN the_ATI vast_JJ reaches_NNS of_IN the_ATI F36 22 Arctic_NP ,_, almost_RB the_ATI entire_JJB population_NN will_MD for_IN F36 22 the_ATI first_OD time_NN be_BE able_JJ F36 23 to_TO read_VB their_PP$ language_NN in_IN a_AT modern_JJ magazine_NN F36 23 ._. F36 24 ^ Canada's_NP$ first_OD Eskimo_JNP magazine_NN editor_NN is_BEZ F36 24 Mary_NP Panegoosho_NP ,_, born_VBN at_IN F36 25 Pond_NPL Inlet_NPL in_IN 1939_CD ._. ^ the_ATI eldest_JJT of_IN nine_CD F36 25 children_NNS ,_, she_PP3A had_HVD three_CD F36 26 brothers_NNS and_CC five_CD sisters_NNS ._. ^ Mary_NP went_VBD to_IN F36 26 work_NN as_IN a_AT nurse's_NN$ assistant_NN F36 27 at_IN Hamilton_NP ,_, Ontario_NP ,_, Mountain_NPL Sanatorium_NPL at_IN F36 27 fifteen_CD ._. ^ she_PP3A has_HVZ been_BEN F36 28 with_IN the_ATI department_NN of_IN northern_JJ affairs_NNS for_IN a_AT F36 28 year_NN and_CC three_CD months_NNS ._. F36 29 ^ the_ATI magazine_NN she_PP3A edits_VBZ is_BEZ published_VBN in_IN F36 29 three_CD editions_NNS :_: F36 30 *'_*' Inuktitut_&FW **'_**' in_IN the_ATI eastern_JJ Arctic_NP F36 30 dialect_NN and_CC in_IN syllabics_NNS ,_, F36 31 *'_*' Inuktitun_&FW **'_**' in_IN the_ATI western_JJ Arctic_NP F36 31 dialect_NN in_IN Roman_JNP characters_NNS ,_, F36 32 and_CC a_AT third_OD edition_NN in_IN English_NNP ._. ^ both_ABX ,_, F36 32 of_RB course_RB" ,_, mean_VB *'_*' the_ATI Eskimo_JNP F36 33 way_NN ._. **'_**' F36 34 ^ the_ATI first_OD issue_NN of_IN the_ATI magazine_NN was_BEDZ F36 34 greeted_VBN with_IN great_JJ enthusiasm_NN F36 35 by_IN the_ATI Eskimos_NNPS ._. ^ reluctant_JJ as_CS they_PP3AS F36 35 always_RB are_BER to_TO show_VB even_RB their_PP$ best_JJT F36 36 work_NN ,_, such_IN as_IN" carving_NN ,_, it_PP3 was_BEDZ most_QL F36 36 gratifying_JJ that_CS some_DTI contributions_NNS F36 37 were_BED sent_VBN in_RP for_IN the_ATI second_OD issue_NN ._. F36 38 ^ the_ATI editorial_JJ team_NN is_BEZ made_VBN up_RP of_IN F36 38 Eskimo_JNP members_NNS of_IN the_ATI Eskimology_NNP F36 39 section_NN of_IN the_ATI northern_JJ welfare_NN service_NN ._. ^ F36 39 the_ATI total_JJ number_NN of_IN copies_NNS F36 40 printed_VBN in_IN Eskimo_NNP is_BEZ three_CD thousand_CD five_CD F36 40 hundred_CD *-_*- one_CD1 for_IN each_DT Eskimo_JNP F36 41 family_NN ._. ^ about_RB two_CD thousand_CD are_BER printed_VBN in_IN F36 41 the_ATI eastern_JJ Arctic_NP dialect_NN ,_, F36 42 fifteen_CD hundred_CD in_IN the_ATI western_JJ ._. ^ these_DTS F36 42 circulation_NN figures_NNS are_BER more_RBR or_CC F36 43 less_RBR fixed_VBN and_CC may_MD only_RB increase_VB slowly_RB as_CS F36 43 the_ATI Eskimo_JNP population_NN F36 44 itself_PPL grows_VBZ ._. F36 45 ^ the_ATI publication_NN of_IN the_ATI magazine_NN is_BEZ only_RB F36 45 one_CD1 part_NN of_IN the_ATI many_AP F36 46 functions_NNS of_IN the_ATI Eskimology_NNP section_NN ._. ^ the_ATI F36 46 section's_NN$ primary_JJ concern_NN is_BEZ F36 47 assisting_VBG the_ATI welfare_NN programme_NN and_CC providing_VBG F36 47 consultative_JJ services_NNS ,_, F36 48 translating_VBG letters_NNS from_IN Eskimos_NNPS ,_, \0etc_RB ._. ^ F36 48 in_CS so_CS" far_CS" as_CS" the_ATI demands_NNS of_IN F36 49 the_ATI main_JJB functions_NNS will_MD allow_VB ,_, therefore_RB ,_, F36 49 the_ATI magazine_NN will_MD be_BE F36 50 published_VBN every_AT four_CD months_NNS or_CC so_PN ._. F36 52 ^ the_ATI Canadian_JNP Eskimo_NNP scarcely_RB knew_VBD of_IN any_DTI F36 52 written_JJ language_NN F36 53 until_CS the_ATI \0Rev_NPT Edmund_NP \0J_NP Peck_NP ,_, \0D.D_NPT ,_, F36 53 an_AT Anglican_JNP missionary_NN ,_, F36 54 adapted_VBD a_AT system_NN of_IN syllabics_NNS to_IN the_ATI Eskimo_JNP F36 54 tongue_NN ._. ^ the_ATI syllabic_JJ F36 55 system_NN ,_, in_IN which_WDTR sounds_NNS are_BER represented_VBN by_IN F36 55 little_JJ hooks_NNS and_CC crooks_NNS F36 56 resembling_VBG shorthand_NN ,_, was_BEDZ first_RB devised_VBN by_IN F36 56 the_ATI \0Rev_NPT James_NP Evans_NP a_AT F36 57 hundred_CD years_NNS ago_RB for_IN use_NN with_IN the_ATI Cree_NP F36 57 Indians_NNPS ._. F36 58 ^ the_ATI typewriter_NN used_VBN is_BEZ a_AT Remington_NP Rand_NP F36 58 ,_, which_WDTR looks_VBZ like_IN any_DTI F36 59 other_AP typewriter_NN except_CS that_CS" it_PP3 is_BEZ fitted_VBN F36 59 with_IN syllabic_JJ Eskimo_JNP F36 60 letters_NNS ._. ^ it_PP3 was_BEDZ designed_VBN about_RB ten_CD F36 60 years_NNS ago_RB by_IN the_ATI late_JJ Leo_NP Manning_NP ,_, F36 61 an_AT Eskimo_JNP linguist_NN with_IN this_DT department_NN ._. ^ F36 61 besides_IN the_ATI usual_JJ keys_NNS for_IN F36 62 shift_NN and_CC lock_NN ,_, back_JJB spacing_NN ,_, margin_NN F36 62 release_NN ,_, \0etc_RB ,_, it_PP3 has_HVZ forty-six_CD F36 63 keys_NNS ._. F36 64 ^ the_ATI first_OD number_NN of_IN the_ATI magazine_NN includes_VBZ F36 64 an_AT Eskimo's_NNP$ account_NN of_IN F36 65 the_ATI previous_JJ year's_NN$ goodwill_NN mission_NN to_IN F36 65 Greenland_NP ,_, some_DTI Eskimo_JNP F36 66 folk-tales_NNS sent_VBN in_RP by_IN people_NNS from_IN Igloolik_NP ,_, F36 66 a_AT story_NN of_IN a_AT hunting_NN F36 67 adventure_NN by_IN a_AT man_NN who_WPR was_BEDZ a_AT sanatorium_NN F36 67 patient_NN not_XNOT long_RB ago_RB ,_, and_CC F36 68 numerous_JJ other_AP articles_NNS ._. ^ there_EX is_BEZ also_RB a_AT F36 68 children's_NNS$ page_NN ._. ^ there_EX are_BER F36 69 excellent_JJ illustrations_NNS drawn_VBN by_IN Eskimos_NNPS ,_, F36 69 including_IN the_ATI magazine's_NN$ F36 70 editor_NN ,_, Miss_NPT Mary_NP Panegoosho_NP ,_, who_WPR also_RB F36 70 designed_VBD the_ATI cover_NN ._. F36 72 ^ there_EX is_BEZ one_CD1 slight_JJ defect_NN in_IN the_ATI F36 72 syllabic_JJ system_NN so_QL long_RB F36 73 in_IN use_NN in_IN Canada_NP :_: that_DT is_BEZ that_CS the_ATI F36 73 Eskimos_NNPS here_RN are_BER the_ATI only_AP ones_CD1S who_WPR F36 74 use_VB it_PP3 ._. ^ this_DT prevents_VBZ them_PP3OS at_IN present_NN F36 74 from_IN sharing_VBG in_IN reading_VBG the_ATI F36 75 literature_NN of_IN the_ATI same_AP race_NN from_IN Greenland_NP and_CC F36 75 Labrador_NP because_CS in_IN F36 76 those_DTS lands_NNS this_DT syllabic_JJ system_NN is_BEZ not_XNOT F36 76 used_VBN ._. F36 77 ^ a_AT development_NN in_IN the_ATI present_JJ Eskimo_JNP written_JJ F36 77 tongue_NN is_BEZ now_RN being_BEG F36 78 considered_VBN ,_, by_IN means_IN" of_IN" which_WDTR all_ABN F36 78 Eskimo_NNPS ,_, including_IN those_DTS in_IN Greenland_NP F36 79 and_CC Labrador_NP ,_, who_WPR use_VB a_AT different_JJ system_NN of_IN F36 79 writing_NN ,_, could_MD read_VB the_ATI F36 80 same_AP literature_NN ._. F36 81 ^ however_RB ,_, for_IN the_ATI present_NN ,_, this_DT first_OD F36 81 Canadian_JNP Eskimo_JNP magazine_NN is_BEZ F36 82 a_AT wonderful_JJ accomplishment_NN ._. ^ to_IN the_ATI continuing_NN F36 82 of_IN it_PP3 ,_, the_ATI department_NN F36 83 of_IN northern_JJ affairs_NNS is_BEZ sparing_VBG no_ATI effort_NN or_CC F36 83 expense_NN ._. ^ and_CC ,_, by_IN F36 84 airplane_NN ,_, boat_NN and_CC dog-team_NN ,_, across_IN a_AT half_ABN F36 84 million_CD square_JJ miles_NNS ,_, this_DT F36 85 quarterly_NN reaches_VBZ 3,500_CD non-paying_JJB subscribers_NNS ,_, F36 85 in_IN a_AT land_NN of_IN seven_CD F36 86 months_NNS winter_NN *-_*- the_ATI most_QL widely_RB scattered_JJ F36 86 people_NNS in_IN the_ATI world_NN ever_RB to_TO F36 87 receive_VB a_AT modern_JJ magazine_NN in_IN their_PP$ own_AP tongue_NN F36 87 !_! F36 88 ^ Eskimo_JNP arts_NNS and_CC crafts_NNS ._. F36 89 ^ by_IN Dawn_NP MacLeod_NP ._. F36 90 ^ have_HV you_PP2 ever_RB wondered_VBN how_WRB Eskimos_NNPS pass_VB F36 90 the_ATI time_NN during_IN F36 91 their_PP$ long_JJ Arctic_NP winter_NN night_NN ?_? ^ as_IN children_NNS F36 91 we_PP1AS were_BED told_VBN that_CS the_ATI F36 92 women_NNS sewed_VBD skins_NNS together_RB for_IN clothing_NN ,_, F36 92 the_ATI men_NNS made_VBD or_CC repaired_VBD F36 93 dog-traces_NNS and_CC fishing_NN tackle_NN ,_, and_CC the_ATI F36 93 children_NNS ate_VBD ,_, slept_VBD ,_, and_CC played_VBD F36 94 what_WDT games_NNS they_PP3AS could_MD in_IN the_ATI confined_JJ F36 94 space_NN inside_IN their_PP$ ice-hut_NN or_CC F36 95 igloo_NN ._. ^ but_CC since_CS I_PP1A came_VBD to_IN Canada_NP I_PP1A F36 95 have_HV discovered_VBN that_CS the_ATI Eskimo_NNP F36 96 does_DOZ not_XNOT spend_VB all_ABN his_PP$ time_NN in_IN utilitarian_JJ F36 96 pursuits_NNS ._. F36 97 ^ among_IN the_ATI Canadian_JNP Eskimos_NNPS there_EX are_BER F36 97 sculptors_NNS and_CC artists_NNS with_IN a_AT F36 98 high_JJ degree_NN of_IN good_JJ taste_NN and_CC skill_NN ,_, who_WPR F36 98 take_VB delight_NN in_IN creating_VBG F36 99 things_NNS of_IN beauty_NN ._. ^ their_PP$ small_JJ stone_NN F36 99 carvings_NNS ,_, carefully_RB wrapped_VBN in_IN F36 100 soft_JJ skin_NN for_IN safe_JJ storage_NN ,_, are_BER brought_VBN F36 100 out_RP and_CC handed_VBN round_RP when_WRB F36 101 friends_NNS visit_VB them_PP3OS ;_; their_PP$ pictures_NNS adorn_VB F36 101 the_ATI walls_NNS of_IN the_ATI home_NR ._. F36 102 ^ the_ATI recently_RB formed_JJ department_NN of_IN northern_JJ F36 102 affairs_NNS ,_, which_WDTR takes_VBZ a_AT F36 103 fatherly_JJ interest_NN in_IN the_ATI welfare_NN of_IN nine_CD or_CC F36 103 ten_CD thousand_CD Eskimos_NNPS F36 104 living_VBG on_IN Canadian_JNP territory_NN ,_, has_HVZ been_BEN F36 104 organising_VBG exhibitions_NNS of_IN their_PP$ F36 105 work_NN in_IN most_AP of_IN the_ATI larger_JJR cities_NNS ,_, and_CC F36 105 a_AT scheme_NN has_HVZ been_BEN set_VBN up_RP under_IN F36 106 which_WDTR supplies_NNS for_IN sale_NN to_IN the_ATI public_NN are_BER F36 106 being_BEG made_VBN available_JJ to_IN F36 107 selected_JJ shops_NNS ._. F36 108 ^ a_AT little_JJ carving_NN in_IN stone_NN of_IN a_AT mother_NN F36 108 and_CC child_NN was_BEDZ accepted_VBN by_IN F36 109 \0H.M_NP the_ATI Queen_NPT during_IN her_PP$ visit_NN to_IN the_ATI F36 109 dominion_NN ,_, and_CC the_ATI man_NN who_WPR F36 110 carved_VBD it_PP3 ,_, Munamee_NP of_IN Baffin_NP Island_NPL ,_, F36 110 takes_VBZ immense_JJ pride_NN in_IN the_ATI F36 111 knowledge_NN that_CS his_PP$ work_NN has_HVZ gone_VBN to_IN F36 111 Buckingham_NP Palace_NPL ._. ^ the_ATI Eskimo_NNP F36 112 never_RB duplicates_VBZ his_PP$ figures_NNS ,_, but_CC other_AP F36 112 examples_NNS of_IN this_DT artist's_NN$ F36 113 skill_NN are_BER being_BEG snapped_VBN up_RP by_IN tourists_NNS and_CC F36 113 collectors_NNS ._. F36 115 ^ the_ATI traditional_JJ crafts_NNS of_IN Eskimos_NNPS are_BER F36 115 stone_NN carving_NN by_IN the_ATI F36 116 men_NNS and_CC leather_NN applique*?2_NN work_NN by_IN the_ATI F36 116 women_NNS ,_, with_IN the_ATI addition_NN of_IN F36 117 basketry_NN in_IN parts_NNS of_IN the_ATI eastern_JJ Arctic_NP F36 117 where_WRB coarse_JJ grasses_NNS grow_VB ._. F36 118 ^ this_DT is_BEZ similar_JJ in_IN technique_NN to_IN the_ATI coiled_JJ F36 118 basket-work_NN made_VBN popular_JJ F36 119 by_IN the_ATI Navaho_NP Indians_NNPS ._. F36 120 ^ the_ATI carving_NN of_IN small_JJ figures_NNS and_CC animals_NNS F36 120 by_IN the_ATI Eskimo_JNP men_NNS F36 121 probably_RB developed_VBD from_IN their_PP$ formerly_RB essential_JJ F36 121 skill_NN in_IN whittling_VBG F36 122 down_RP stone_NN to_TO make_VB adzes_NNS ,_, reamers_NNS and_CC F36 122 crude_JJ saws_NNS *-_*- the_ATI only_AP tools_NNS they_PP3AS F36 123 had_HVD until_CS white_JJ traders_NNS brought_VBD steel_NN and_CC F36 123 other_AP metals_NNS to_IN the_ATI Arctic_NP F36 124 regions_NNS ._. F36 125 ^ leather_NN applique*?2_NN by_IN the_ATI women_NNS originally_RB F36 125 had_HVD a_AT purely_RB F36 126 functional_JJ application_NN ,_, for_CS the_ATI narrow_JJ bands_NNS F36 126 of_IN sealskin_NN in_IN F36 127 contrasting_VBG tones_NNS were_BED used_VBN to_TO strengthen_VB F36 127 garments_NNS at_IN points_NNS of_IN F36 128 greatest_JJT wear_NN ._. ^ gradually_RB these_DTS applique*?2_NN F36 128 clothes_NNS developed_VBD into_IN F36 129 things_NNS of_IN beauty_NN ,_, and_CC the_ATI Eskimo_JNP wife_NN F36 129 could_MD earn_VB respect_NN for_IN herself_PPL F36 130 and_CC her_PP$ family_NN by_IN outstanding_JJ skill_NN at_IN the_ATI F36 130 craft_NN ._. F36 131 ^ Eskimo_JNP women_NNS ,_, as_CC well_CC" as_CC" men_NNS ,_, have_HV F36 131 now_RN found_VBN time_NN to_TO fashion_VB F36 132 things_NNS solely_RB for_IN pleasure_NN ,_, and_CC their_PP$ art_NN F36 132 takes_VBZ the_ATI form_NN of_IN F36 133 applique*?2_NN skin_NN pictures_NNS ._. ^ some_DTI of_IN these_DTS F36 133 are_BER rich_JJ in_IN invention_NN and_CC F36 134 full_JJ of_IN action_NN ._. ^ the_ATI designs_NNS *-_*- mostly_RB F36 134 human_JJ figures_NNS ,_, dog_NN teams_NNS ,_, and_CC F36 135 wild_JJ creatures_NNS of_IN the_ATI Arctic_NP *-_*- are_BER F36 135 visualised_VBN and_CC then_RN cut_VBN out_RP direct_RB F36 136 from_IN the_ATI skin_NN without_IN any_DTI preliminary_JJ drawing_NN F36 136 ,_, and_CC are_BER usually_RB in_IN F36 137 dark-toned_JJ leather_NN sewn_VBN to_IN backgrounds_NNS of_IN F36 137 bleached_JJ caribou_NN hide_NN or_CC F36 138 sealskin_NN ._. F36 139 ^ sometimes_RB the_ATI shapes_NNS of_IN tools_NNS in_IN daily_JJ F36 139 use_NN about_IN the_ATI home_NR are_BER F36 140 employed_VBN as_IN motifs_NNS ,_, and_CC it_PP3 is_BEZ believed_VBN F36 140 that_CS such_ABL designs_NNS have_HV some_DTI F36 141 magical_JJ significance_NN ;_; but_CC the_ATI artists_NNS ,_, who_WPR F36 141 have_HV every_AT right_NN to_TO keep_VB F36 142 their_PP$ secrets_NNS inviolate_JJ if_CS they_PP3AS choose_VB ,_, do_DO F36 142 not_XNOT seem_VB disposed_JJ to_TO F36 143 explain_VB the_ATI meaning_NN of_IN these_DTS conceptions_NNS ._. ^ F36 143 possibly_RB some_DTI of_IN us_PP1OS would_MD F36 144 be_BE equally_RB reluctant_JJ to_TO tell_VB an_AT audience_NN of_IN F36 144 Eskimos_NNPS just_RB why_WRB we_PP1AS throw_VB F36 145 a_AT pinch_NN of_IN spilled_JJ salt_NN over_IN our_PP$ shoulder_NN ,_, F36 145 or_CC take_VB care_NN to_TO avoid_VB F36 146 walking_VBG under_IN a_AT ladder_NN ._. F36 148 ^ the_ATI latest_JJT developments_NNS in_IN the_ATI arts_NNS of_IN F36 148 the_ATI Eskimo_NNP have_HV F36 149 come_VBN ,_, oddly_RB enough_QLP ,_, by_IN way_NN of_IN Japan_NP ._. ^ F36 149 a_AT Canadian_JNP artist_NN who_WPR is_BEZ F36 150 attached_VBN to_IN the_ATI department_NN of_IN northern_JJ affairs_NNS F36 150 was_BEDZ sent_VBN to_IN the_ATI far_JJ F36 151 east_NR to_TO study_VB the_ATI Japanese_JNP technique_NN of_IN F36 151 colour-printing_NN from_IN wood_NN F36 152 blocks_NNS ,_, and_CC he_PP3A thought_VBD that_CS this_DT craft_NN F36 152 might_MD well_RB be_BE adapted_VBN to_IN the_ATI F36 153 Eskimo's_NNP$ natural_JJ material_NN *-_*- that_DT is_BEZ ,_, the_ATI F36 153 fairly_RB soft_JJ talcs_NNS ,_, grey-green_JJ F36 154 waxy_JJ steatite_NN or_CC *'_*' soap-stone_NN ,_, **'_**' and_CC F36 154 what_WDT is_BEZ locally_RB known_VBN as_IN F36 155 *'_*' pipe-stone_NN **'_**' :_: the_ATI latter_AP not_XNOT to_TO be_BE F36 155 confused_VBN with_IN the_ATI F36 156 russet-coloured_JJ Missouri_NP clay_NN ,_, catlinite_NN ,_, which_WDTR F36 156 was_BEDZ used_VBN by_IN the_ATI red_JJ F36 157 Indian_NNP for_IN his_PP$ sacred_JJ pipe_NN of_IN peace_NN ._. F36 158 ^ when_WRB the_ATI artist_NN returned_VBD to_IN his_PP$ base_NN ,_, F36 158 at_IN Cape_NPL Dorset_NP on_IN the_ATI south_NR F36 159 coast_NN of_IN Baffin_NP Island_NPL ,_, he_PP3A demonstrated_VBD F36 159 the_ATI methods_NNS of_IN the_ATI Japanese_JNP F36 160 wood-block_NN printers_NNS ,_, and_CC immediately_RB these_DTS were_BED F36 160 seized_VBN upon_IN by_IN F36 161 delighted_JJ Eskimo_JNP craftsmen_NNS and_CC adapted_VBN to_IN F36 161 their_PP$ own_AP material_NN and_CC F36 162 ideas_NNS ._. F36 163 ^ bold_JJ designs_NNS of_IN birds_NNS and_CC beasts_NNS were_BED F36 163 cut_VBN on_IN stone_NN blocks_NNS and_CC F36 164 printed_VBN in_IN two_CD or_CC three_CD colours_NNS on_IN the_ATI F36 164 special_JJ rice-paper_NN brought_VBN from_IN F36 165 Japan_NP ._. ^ the_ATI traditional_JJ leather_NN work_NN of_IN the_ATI F36 165 women_NNS was_BEDZ also_RB brought_VBN F36 166 into_IN use_NN for_IN a_AT method_NN of_IN printing_VBG :_: the_ATI F36 166 skins_NNS were_BED cut_VBN to_TO form_VB F36 167 stencils_NNS ,_, and_CC paint_NN or_CC ink_NN was_BEDZ forced_VBN F36 167 through_IN the_ATI apertures_NNS on_RP to_IN a_AT F36 168 sheet_NN of_IN paper_NN ._. F36 169 ^ the_ATI usual_JJ Eskimo_JNP pigments_NNS ,_, two_CD colours_NNS F36 169 only_RB ,_, consist_VB of_IN a_AT rich_JJ F36 170 black_NN made_VBN from_IN the_ATI glutinous_JJ residue_NN found_VBN F36 170 at_IN the_ATI bottom_NN of_IN seal-oil_NN F36 171 lamps_NNS ,_, and_CC a_AT brownish-red_NN obtained_VBN from_IN local_JJ F36 171 deposits_NNS of_IN iron_NN rust_NN ._. F36 172 ^ both_ABX pigments_NNS are_BER reduced_VBN with_IN seal_NN oil_NN F36 172 to_IN a_AT suitable_JJ brushing_NN F36 173 consistency_NN ._. ^ to_TO give_VB the_ATI print-makers_NNS a_AT F36 173 fuller_JJR palette_NN ,_, other_AP paints_NNS F36 174 have_HV now_RN been_BEN imported_VBN ,_, and_CC the_ATI Eskimo_JNP F36 174 artists_NNS are_BER enjoying_VBG the_ATI use_NN of_IN F36 175 blue_NN for_IN the_ATI first_OD time_NN in_IN their_PP$ history_NN ._. ^ F36 175 one_CD1 famous_JJ craftsman_NN and_CC F36 176 hunter_NN ,_, Niviaksiak_NP ,_, made_VBD a_AT dramatic_JJ stencilled_JJ F36 176 design_NN of_IN a_AT polar_JJ bear_NN F36 177 and_CC her_PP$ cub_NN emerging_VBG from_IN a_AT steely-blue_JJ hole_NN F36 177 in_IN the_ATI ice_NN ._. F36 178 ^ unfortunately_RB this_DT gifted_JJ artist_NN was_BEDZ killed_VBN F36 178 while_CS on_IN a_AT seal-hunt_NN soon_RB F36 179 afterwards_RB ._. F36 181 ^ the_ATI Eskimos_NNPS ,_, like_IN the_ATI crofter_NN folk_NNS in_IN F36 181 the_ATI Hebridean_JNP F36 182 islands_NNS ,_, are_BER no_RB longer_RBR content_JJ to_TO live_VB F36 182 entirely_RB upon_IN the_ATI produce_NN of_IN F36 183 their_PP$ land_NN and_CC sea_NN ._. ^ Hudson_NP Bay_NPL posts_NNS F36 183 carry_VB stocks_NNS of_IN manufactured_JJ F36 184 goods_NNS which_WDTR the_ATI Eskimo_JNP families_NNS find_VB highly_RB F36 184 desirable_JJ *-_*- such_IN as_IN" F36 185 woollen_JJ duffle_NN cloth_NN for_IN light_JJ summer_NN clothing_NN F36 185 in_IN place_NN of_IN the_ATI heavier_JJR F36 186 skin_NN garments_NNS ._. ^ but_CC hitherto_RB the_ATI only_AP F36 186 produce_NN they_PP3AS have_HV been_BEN able_JJ to_TO F36 187 trade_VB for_IN goods_NNS has_HVZ been_BEN the_ATI white_JJ fox_NN F36 187 pelt_NN ,_, and_CC the_ATI catch_NN fluctuates_VBZ F36 188 to_IN such_ABL an_AT extent_NN *-_*- from_IN 4,000_CD skins_NNS in_IN F36 188 a_AT good_JJ season_NN to_IN 200_CD in_IN a_AT bad_JJ F36 189 one_CD1 *-_*- that_CS the_ATI income_NN from_IN this_DT source_NN F36 189 has_HVZ always_RB been_BEN precarious_JJ ._. F36 190 ^ the_ATI government_NN scheme_NN to_TO export_VB and_CC sell_VB F36 190 Eskimo_JNP carvings_NNS and_CC F36 191 prints_NNS is_BEZ therefore_RB of_IN some_DTI importance_NN in_IN F36 191 the_ATI economy_NN of_IN the_ATI people_NNS ._. F36 192 ^ at_IN present_NN it_PP3 affects_VBZ a_AT comparatively_RB small_JJ F36 192 group_NN in_IN the_ATI Cape_NPL Dorset_NP F36 193 area_NN ,_, but_CC it_PP3 will_MD probably_RB spread_VB to_IN other_AP F36 193 communities_NNS ._. F36 194 ^ as_CS the_ATI Eskimo_JNP artists_NNS are_BER self-critical_JJ ,_, F36 194 and_CC their_PP$ work_NN is_BEZ being_BEG F36 195 fostered_VBN with_IN knowledge_NN and_CC sympathy_NN ,_, it_PP3 is_BEZ F36 195 not_XNOT in_IN any_DTI danger_NN of_IN F36 196 becoming_VBG vulgarised_VBN by_IN commercial_JJ exploitation_NN ._. ^ F36 196 their_PP$ traditional_JJ F36 197 dislike_NN of_IN repetition_NN has_HVZ been_BEN linked_VBN to_IN F36 197 the_ATI newly_RB introduced_JJ printing_NN F36 198 techniques_NNS ,_, for_CS only_RB ten_CD or_CC twelve_CD F36 198 impressions_NNS are_BER taken_VBN from_IN each_DT set_NN F36 199 of_IN blocks_NNS or_CC stencils_NNS before_CS these_DTS are_BER F36 199 destroyed_VBN ._. ^ as_IN a_AT result_NN of_IN this_DT F36 200 wise_JJ limitation_NN ,_, the_ATI supply_NN of_IN Eskimo_JNP F36 200 pictures_NNS will_MD not_XNOT flood_VB the_ATI F36 201 market_NN ._. ^ already_RB demands_NNS are_BER coming_VBG in_RP from_IN F36 201 private_JJ collectors_NNS and_CC F36 202 galleries_NNS all_RB over_IN the_ATI world_NN ,_, and_CC it_PP3 is_BEZ F36 202 known_VBN that_CS \0UNICEF_NP plans_VBZ F36 203 to_TO issue_VB an_AT Arctic_NP design_NN as_IN a_AT Christmas_NP F36 203 card_NN next_AP year_NN ._. F36 205 ^ caribou_NN ,_, musk-ox_NN ,_, polar_JJ bear_NN ,_, snow-goose_NN F36 205 ,_, walrus_NN and_CC seal_NN *-_*- F36 206 all_ABN the_ATI familiar_JJ life_NN around_IN them_PP3OS is_BEZ F36 206 studied_VBN and_CC reproduced_VBN by_IN the_ATI F36 207 Eskimo_JNP hunters_NNS with_IN keenness_NN of_IN observation_NN and_CC F36 207 economy_NN of_IN line_NN ._. F37 2 ^ May_NR songs_NNS of_IN Bedfordshire_NP ._. F37 3 ^ by_IN \0F_NP \0B_NP Hamer_NP ._. F37 4 ^ the_ATI village_NN blacksmith_NN of_IN Harrold_NP ,_, a_AT well_RB F37 4 known_JJ character_NN ,_, gave_VBD F37 5 me_PP1O the_ATI May_NR carol_NN he_PP3A used_VBD to_TO sing_VB ,_, F37 5 with_IN his_PP$ parents_NNS and_CC family_NN ,_, round_IN F37 6 the_ATI village_NN ,_, including_IN the_ATI numerous_JJ country_NN F37 6 houses_NNS of_IN that_DT F37 7 neighbourhood_NN ._. ^ the_ATI tune_NN was_BEDZ the_ATI same_AP as_IN F37 7 that_DT published_VBN by_IN Lucy_NP F37 8 Broadwood_NP in_IN her_PP$ traditional_JJ songs_NNS and_CC carols_NNS F37 8 ,_, and_CC ,_, except_IN for_IN" F37 9 some_DTI transposition_NN of_IN verses_NNS and_CC the_ATI addition_NN F37 9 of_IN a_AT wish_NN for_IN a_AT joyful_JJ F37 10 May_NR ,_, it_PP3 was_BEDZ the_ATI same_AP song_NN ._. ^ years_NNS F37 10 later_RBR ,_, after_CS I_PP1A had_HVD come_VBN across_IN other_AP F37 11 versions_NNS of_IN the_ATI song_NN ,_, I_PP1A discovered_VBD why_WRB F37 11 ._. ^ \0Mr_NPT Crouch_NP ,_, the_ATI blacksmith_NN ,_, F37 12 as_IN a_AT child_NN ,_, had_HVD been_BEN in_IN the_ATI party_NN that_WPR F37 12 gave_VBD the_ATI song_NN to_IN Sir_NPT Ernest_NP F37 13 Clarke_NP at_IN Hinwick_NP Hall_NPL in_IN the_ATI first_OD decade_NN F37 13 of_IN the_ATI century_NN ,_, and_CC it_PP3 was_BEDZ F37 14 Sir_NPT Ernest_NP who_WPR had_HVD sent_VBN it_PP3 to_IN Lucy_NP F37 14 Broadwood_NP ._. F37 15 ^ it_PP3 was_BEDZ the_ATI Church_NP family_NN of_IN Biddenham_NP F37 15 who_WPR first_RB brought_VBD home_NR to_IN F37 16 me_PP1O the_ATI fact_NN that_CS there_EX were_BED other_AP versions_NNS F37 16 of_IN this_DT carol_NN still_RB known_VBN ,_, F37 17 and_CC sometimes_RB still_RB sung_VBN ,_, in_IN Bedfordshire_NP ._. ^ F37 17 \0Mrs_NPT \0E_NP Church_NP gave_VBD F37 18 me_PP1O the_ATI one_CD1 she_PP3A used_VBD to_TO sing_VB in_IN F37 18 Kimbolton_NP and_CC the_ATI villages_NNS on_IN the_ATI F37 19 Bedfordshire_NP border_NN with_IN Huntingdonshire_NP ._. ^ her_PP$ F37 19 father-in-law_NN ,_, Walter_NP F37 20 *'_*' Paddy_NP **'_**' Church_NP ,_, told_VBD me_PP1O that_CS when_WRB F37 20 he_PP3A was_BEDZ a_AT boy_NN in_IN Bromham_NP (_( \0c_RB F37 21 1880_CD )_) the_ATI custom_NN was_BEDZ for_IN the_ATI young_JJ men_NNS F37 21 to_TO gather_VB thorn_NN branches_NNS the_ATI F37 22 night_NN before_IN May_NR day_NN ,_, and_CC these_DTS they_PP3AS F37 22 planted_VBD in_IN front_IN" of_IN" the_ATI door_NN of_IN F37 23 all_ABN the_ATI unmarried_JJ women_NNS of_IN the_ATI village_NN ._. ^ F37 23 during_IN May_NR day_NN morning_NN they_PP3AS F37 24 went_VBD round_RP again_RB ,_, this_DT time_NN to_TO collect_VB F37 24 their_PP$ reward_NN in_IN the_ATI form_NN of_IN F37 25 money_NN and_CC sometimes_RB beer_NN or_CC food_NN ._. ^ they_PP3AS F37 25 sang_VBD on_IN each_DT of_IN these_DTS F37 26 perambulations_NNS ,_, using_VBG the_ATI same_AP tune_NN ,_, but_CC F37 26 having_HVG two_CD sets_NNS of_IN words_NNS ._. F37 28 ^ I_PP1A have_HV since_RI found_VBN that_CS this_DT was_BEDZ the_ATI F37 28 custom_NN at_IN other_AP places_NNS in_IN F37 29 the_ATI county_NN ._. ^ at_IN Keysoe_NP the_ATI bushes_NNS were_BED F37 29 graded_VBN according_IN to_IN" the_ATI degree_NN F37 30 of_IN eligibility_NN of_IN the_ATI lady_NN ,_, and_CC the_ATI F37 30 unwanted_JJ spinster_NN had_HVD a_AT briar_NN bush_NN F37 31 instead_RB ._. ^ at_IN Wrestlingworth_NP it_PP3 appears_VBZ to_TO F37 31 have_HV been_BEN a_AT male_JJ custom_NN too_RB ,_, F37 32 and_CC Northill_NP ,_, with_IN its_PP$ magnificent_JJ maypole_NN and_CC F37 32 unique_JJ records_NNS of_IN F37 33 sixteenth-century_JJB May_NR games_NNS ,_, boasted_VBD a_AT more_QL F37 33 elaborate_JJ ceremony_NN ._. ^ they_PP3AS F37 34 had_HVD a_AT set_NN of_IN *'_*' moggies_NNS **'_**' attending_VBG F37 34 the_ATI May_NR bush_NN cart_NN on_IN its_PP$ journey_NN ._. F37 35 ^ the_ATI mayers_NNS or_CC *'_*' moggies_NNS **'_**' ,_, usually_RB F37 35 about_RB eight_CD or_CC ten_CD young_JJ men_NNS ,_, F37 36 carried_VBD tall_JJ ,_, beribboned_JJ staves_NNS like_IN tutti_NNS F37 36 poles_NNS and_CC had_HVD as_IN leaders_NNS a_AT F37 37 *'_*' lord_NN **'_**' and_CC *'_*' lady_NN **'_**' ,_, and_CC F37 37 included_VBD a_AT shabbily_RB dressed_JJ ,_, black-faced_JJ F37 38 man_NN and_CC *'_*' woman_NN **'_**' ,_, carrying_VBG besoms_NNS *-_*- F37 38 these_DTS last_AP the_ATI *'_*' moggies_NNS **'_**' who_WPR F37 39 gave_VBD their_PP$ name_NN to_IN the_ATI whole_JJ party_NN ._. ^ F37 39 Elstow_NP too_RB had_HVD its_PP$ *'_*' moggies_NNS F37 40 **'_**' and_CC its_PP$ own_AP song_NN before_CS these_DTS were_BED F37 40 submerged_VBN in_IN the_ATI present-day_JJB F37 41 Whitelands-sponsored_JJ Ruskinade_NNP with_IN its_PP$ miniature_NN F37 41 pole_NN and_CC the_ATI full_JJ F37 42 Queen-of-the-May_JJB ceremony_NN ._. F37 43 ^ the_ATI more_QL usual_JJ custom_NN is_BEZ for_IN children_NNS ,_, F37 43 usually_RB girls_NNS only_RB ,_, to_TO F37 44 take_VB round_RP a_AT decorated_JJ garland_NN made_VBN of_IN a_AT F37 44 flower-decked_JJ hoop_NN or_CC double_JJ F37 45 hoop_NN with_IN a_AT doll_NN dressed_VBN in_IN white_NN suspended_VBN F37 45 in_IN the_ATI centre_NN ._. ^ sometimes_RB F37 46 a_AT pram_NN or_CC chair_NN ,_, carrying_VBG a_AT doll_NN and_CC F37 46 decorated_VBN with_IN flowers_NNS ,_, takes_VBZ the_ATI F37 47 place_NN of_IN the_ATI hoops_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI song_NN is_BEZ F37 47 usually_RB shorter_JJR than_IN the_ATI full_JJ Harrold_NP F37 48 version_NN and_CC often_RB contains_VBZ only_RB a_AT verse_NN or_CC F37 48 two_CD about_IN the_ATI branch_NN or_CC F37 49 garland_NN of_IN May_NR and_CC the_ATI que*?5te_&FW verses_NNS ._. ^ F37 49 the_ATI Eaton_NP Bray_NP song_NN is_BEZ F37 50 an_AT example_NN ._. F37 52 ^ in_IN the_ATI north_NR of_IN the_ATI county_NN another_DT tune_NN F37 52 appears_VBZ ,_, sometimes_RB in_IN the_ATI F37 53 same_AP village_NN as_IN the_ATI more_QL usual_JJ one_CD1 ._. ^ it_PP3 F37 53 is_BEZ used_VBN by_IN children_NNS with_IN a_AT F37 54 garland_NN ._. ^ here_RN are_BER two_CD versions_NNS of_IN it_PP3 ._. F37 56 ^ I_PP1A have_HV not_XNOT attempted_VBN a_AT systematic_JJ survey_NN F37 56 of_IN the_ATI county_NN ._. ^ the_ATI F37 57 examples_NNS I_PP1A have_HV came_VBD to_IN me_PP1O almost_RB by_IN F37 57 chance_NN ,_, which_WDTR accounts_VBZ for_IN the_ATI F37 58 fact_NN that_CS there_EX are_BER extensive_JJ gaps_NNS in_IN the_ATI F37 58 south_NR ._. ^ I_PP1A count_VB it_PP3 a_AT very_QL F37 59 fortunate_JJ chance_NN which_WDTR brought_VBD me_PP1O the_ATI very_QL F37 59 lovely_JJ song_NN sung_VBN in_IN F37 60 Buckworth_NP (_( \0Hunts_NP )_) and_CC the_ATI northern_JJ borders_NNS F37 60 of_IN Bedfordshire_NP ._. ^ here_RN F37 61 it_PP3 is_BEZ as_CS given_VBN to_IN me_PP1O by_IN \0Mrs_NPT F37 61 Johnstone_NP who_WPR now_RN lives_VBZ in_IN Bedford_NP ._. F37 63 ^ some_DTI additional_JJ May_NR songs_NNS from_IN the_ATI east_NR F37 63 midlands_NNS ._. F37 64 ^ the_ATI foregoing_JJ are_BER only_RB a_AP few_AP" of_IN \0Mr_NPT F37 64 Hamer's_NP$ extensive_JJ F37 65 collection_NN of_IN May_NR songs_NNS from_IN Bedfordshire_NP and_CC F37 65 the_ATI neighbouring_JJ F37 66 counties_NNS ._. ^ he_PP3A has_HVZ ,_, however_RB ,_, kindly_RB F37 66 consented_VBN to_IN some_DTI further_JJB examples_NNS F37 67 from_IN other_AP collections_NNS being_BEG appended_VBN to_IN his_PP$ F37 67 article_NN ._. F37 68 ^ \0Mrs_NPT Ruth_NP Craufurd_NP of_IN Aldbury_NP ,_, near_IN F37 68 Tring_NP ,_, has_HVZ recently_RB F37 69 contributed_VBN to_IN the_ATI Vaughan_NP Williams_NP memorial_NN F37 69 Library_NPL seven_CD versions_NNS F37 70 from_IN the_ATI south-west_NR of_IN Hertfordshire_NP ._. ^ two_CD of_IN F37 70 these_DTS ,_, representing_VBG the_ATI F37 71 two_CD distinct_JJ types_NNS which_WDTR she_PP3A has_HVZ found_VBN F37 71 in_IN this_DT restricted_JJ area_NN ,_, are_BER F37 72 here_RN reproduced_VBN ._. F37 74 ^ the_ATI Aldbury_NP melody_NN is_BEZ very_QL close_RB to_IN that_DT F37 74 of_IN the_ATI King's_NPT$ Langley_NP ,_, F37 75 \0Herts_NP ,_, May_NR day_NN song_NN *'_*' the_ATI moon_NN shines_VBZ F37 75 bright_RB **'_**' (_( \0L_NP \0E_NP F37 76 Broadwood_NP ,_, English_JNP county_NN songs_NNS ,_, \0p_NN 108_CD )_) F37 76 ._. ^ the_ATI Marsworth_NP song_NN F37 77 may_MD be_BE compared_VBN with_IN \0Mr_NPT Hamer's_NP$ north_NR F37 77 Bedfordshire_NP versions_NNS ._. F37 78 ^ \0Mrs_NPT Craufurd_NP writes_VBZ :_: F37 79 *"_*' F37 80 ^ one_CD1 of_IN the_ATI interesting_JJ comparisons_NNS between_IN F37 80 these_DTS two_CD neighbouring_JJ F37 81 May_NR songs_NNS is_BEZ the_ATI complete_JJ difference_NN in_IN F37 81 both_ABX airs_NNS and_CC words_NNS ._. ^ although_CS F37 82 Marsworth_NP is_BEZ barely_RB five_CD miles_NNS from_IN Aldbury_NP ,_, F37 82 villages_NNS were_BED almost_RB F37 83 isolated_VBN from_IN each_PPLS other_PPLS" in_IN the_ATI days_NNS F37 83 before_IN cars_NNS and_CC bicycles_NNS and_CC had_HVD F37 84 only_RB a_AT market_NN town_NN in_RB common_RB" ,_, so_CS that_CS" F37 84 they_PP3AS lived_VBD in_IN a_AT little_JJ world_NN of_IN F37 85 their_PP$ own_AP ._. F37 86 **"_**' F37 87 ^ another_DT point_NN of_IN interest_NN is_BEZ the_ATI money_NN F37 87 asked_VBN ._. ^ Aldbury_NP ,_, a_AT village_NN F37 88 with_IN a_AT great_JJ house_NN and_CC a_AT rich_JJ parsonage_NN ,_, F37 88 asks_VBZ for_IN *'_*' a_AP little_AP" F37 89 silver_NN **'_**' ,_, but_CC Marsworth_NP ,_, a_AT poor_JJ marshland_NN F37 89 village_NN ,_, only_RB hopes_VBZ for_IN a_AT F37 90 ha'penny_NN ._. ^ Marsworth_NP also_RB makes_VBZ an_AT interesting_JJ F37 90 reference_NN to_IN the_ATI Tring_NP F37 91 chimney_NN sweeps_NNS who_WPR *'_*' come_VB a-dancing_VBG all_ABN F37 91 May-day_NR **'_**' ,_, which_WDTR refers_VBZ to_IN F37 92 the_ATI Jack-in-the-Green_NP ,_, the_ATI May_NR garland_NN in_IN F37 92 the_ATI far-off_JJB days_NNS of_IN the_ATI F37 93 little_JJ climbing_JJ boys_NNS and_CC in_IN still_RB further_JJB off_RP F37 93 days_NNS when_WRB the_ATI dancer_NN in_IN F37 94 it_PP3 represented_VBD the_ATI spirit_NN of_IN vegetation_NN F37 94 visiting_VBG each_DT house_NN to_TO bring_VB F37 95 fertility_NN in_IN the_ATI coming_JJ year_NN ._. F37 96 ^ Miss_NPT Beattie_NP Burch_NP ,_, one_CD1 of_IN the_ATI Aldbury_NP F37 96 Mayers_NNPS from_IN whom_WPOR I_PP1A got_VBD the_ATI F37 97 song_NN ,_, told_VBD me_PP1O :_: ^ *'_*' we_PP1AS used_VBD to_TO get_VB F37 97 up_RP at_IN six_CD in_IN the_ATI morning_NN on_IN May_NR day_NN F37 98 and_CC make_VB our_PP$ garlands_NNS ,_, and_CC then_RN go_VB with_IN F37 98 them_PP3OS to_IN the_ATI bigger_JJR houses_NNS and_CC F37 99 farms_NNS before_IN school_NN **'_**' ._. ^ if_CS they_PP3AS F37 99 resisted_VBD the_ATI temptation_NN to_TO play_VB F37 100 truant_NN from_IN school_NN on_IN May_NR day_NN they_PP3AS were_BED F37 100 rewarded_VBN the_ATI following_JJ F37 101 Saturday_NR by_IN a_AT festivity_NN which_WDTR consisted_VBD in_IN F37 101 *'_*' a_AT procession_NN round_IN the_ATI F37 102 pond_NN ,_, ending_VBG up_RP at_IN the_ATI Rectory_NPL or_CC Stocks_NP F37 102 (_( the_ATI great_JJ house_NN )_) where_WRB we_PP1AS F37 103 were_BED each_DT given_VBN a_AT bun_NN and_CC a_AT penny_NN **'_**' ._. F37 103 ^ their_PP$ garlands_NNS were_BED often_RB *'_*' a_AT F37 104 little_JJ doll_NN with_IN a_AT wreath_NN of_IN flowers_NNS in_IN F37 104 her_PP$ hair_NN ,_, sitting_VBG in_IN a_AT child's_NN$ F37 105 arm-chair_NN decorated_VBN with_IN ribbons_NNS and_CC flowers_NNS F37 105 and_CC curtained_VBN all_RB round_RP F37 106 so_CS that_CS" only_RB those_DTS who_WPR gave_VBD us_PP1OS money_NN F37 106 could_MD see_VB the_ATI May_NR doll_NN when_WRB we_PP1AS F37 107 pulled_VBD the_ATI curtains_NNS back_RP for_IN them_PP3OS **'_**' ._. F37 108 ^ these_DTS and_CC other_AP local_JJ versions_NNS of_IN the_ATI F37 108 May_NR song_NN are_BER now_RN sung_VBN F37 109 annually_RB at_IN the_ATI Aldbury_NP women's_NNS$ institute_NN May_NR F37 109 festival_NN held_VBN on_IN F37 110 Whit-Saturday_NP ._. F37 112 ^ the_ATI following_JJ examples_NNS from_IN the_ATI editor's_NN$ F37 112 collection_NN represent_VB ,_, F37 113 firstly_RB ,_, the_ATI version_NN generally_RB current_JJ in_IN the_ATI F37 113 south_NR of_IN F37 114 Northamptonshire_NP and_CC the_ATI adjacent_JJ part_NN of_IN F37 114 Buckinghamshire_NP and_CC ,_, F37 115 secondly_RB ,_, the_ATI *'_*' night_NN song_NN **'_**' from_IN F37 115 Gravely_NP on_IN the_ATI F37 116 Cambridgeshire-Huntingdonshire_NP border_NN ._. F37 118 ^ a_AT very_QL similar_JJ version_NN of_IN the_ATI May_NR song_NN F37 118 used_VBD to_TO be_BE current_JJ in_IN the_ATI F37 119 nearby_JJB villages_NNS ,_, such_IN as_IN" Deanshanger_NP and_CC F37 119 Wicken_NP (_( \0Northants_NP )_) ._. ^ the_ATI F37 120 May_NR garlanding_NN by_IN the_ATI children_NNS of_IN Leckhampstead_NP F37 120 is_BEZ not_XNOT F37 121 school-sponsored_JJ and_CC was_BEDZ kept_VBN up_RP regularly_RB on_IN F37 121 May_NR 1_CD1 at_RB least_RB" until_IN F37 122 1954_CD ._. ^ the_ATI children_NNS told_VBD me_PP1O that_CS they_PP3AS F37 122 did_DOD not_XNOT go_VB out_RP in_IN 1955_CD because_CS F37 123 May_NR 1_CD1 was_BEDZ a_AT Sunday_NR ._. ^ there_EX used_VBD to_TO F37 123 be_BE three_CD separate_JJ parties_NNS ,_, each_DT F37 124 with_IN a_AT garland_NN ,_, but_CC there_EX was_BEDZ then_RN only_RB F37 124 one_CD1 consisting_VBG of_IN about_RB five_CD F37 125 girls_NNS from_IN eight_CD to_IN eleven_CD years_NNS of_IN age_NN ._. ^ F37 125 the_ATI substitution_NN of_IN ~ *'_*' good_NC F37 126 evening_NC **'_**' for_IN the_ATI usual_JJ ~ *'_*' good_NC morning_NC F37 126 **'_**' in_IN verse_NN 1_CD1 resulted_VBD from_IN F37 127 the_ATI closing_NN of_IN the_ATI village_NN school_NN ,_, since_IN F37 127 when_WRB the_ATI children_NNS go_VB to_IN F37 128 Buckingham_NP and_CC no_RB longer_RBR have_HV a_AT holiday_NN on_IN F37 128 May_NR day_NN ._. ^ except_CS on_IN a_AT F37 129 Saturday_NR the_ATI garlanding_NN has_HVZ therefore_RB to_TO be_BE F37 129 postponed_VBN until_CS after_IN F37 130 school_NN ._. F37 132 ^ at_IN Gravely_NP the_ATI custom_NN was_BEDZ that_CS a_AT party_NN F37 132 of_IN four_CD or_CC five_CD men_NNS *-_*- one_CD1 F37 133 with_IN an_AT accordion_NN *-_*- went_VBD round_IN the_ATI village_NN F37 133 about_IN midnight_NN on_IN May_NR day_NN F37 134 eve_NN with_IN branches_NNS of_IN may_NN cut_VBN from_IN the_ATI F37 134 hedges_NNS ._. ^ at_IN each_DT house_NN where_WRB F37 135 they_PP3AS sang_VBD the_ATI song_NN they_PP3AS left_VBD a_AT branch_NN F37 135 (_( *'_*' May_NR bush_NN **'_**' )_) ,_, and_CC money_NN was_BEDZ F37 136 then_RN thrown_VBN down_RP from_IN the_ATI bedroom_NN windows_NNS ;_; F37 136 but_CC people_NNS who_WPR were_BED F37 137 disliked_VBN were_BED left_VBN a_AT briar_NN *-_*- a_AT briar_NN F37 137 indicated_VBD a_AT liar_NN ,_, said_VBD \0Mrs_NPT F37 138 Howlett_NP *-_*- and_CC those_DTS of_IN bad_JJ moral_JJ character_NN F37 138 were_BED left_VBN a_AT branch_NN of_IN F37 139 elder_NN ,_, or_CC hemlock_NN and_CC stinging_JJ nettle_NN ._. ^ F37 139 thus_RB the_ATI full_JJ implication_NN of_IN F37 140 the_ATI first_OD verse_NN becomes_VBZ apparent_JJ ._. F37 141 ^ it_PP3 will_MD be_BE noticed_VBN that_CS ,_, in_IN contrast_NN F37 141 to_IN \0Mr_NPT Hamer's_NP$ Bromham_NP F37 142 example_NN ,_, there_EX was_BEDZ here_RN no_ATI second_OD visiting_NN F37 142 and_CC that_CS verses_NNS of_IN the_ATI F37 143 night_NN and_CC day_NN songs_NNS have_HV been_BEN combined_VBN ._. ^ F37 143 \0Mrs_NPT Howlett_NP ,_, however_RB ,_, F37 144 mentioned_VBD that_CS her_PP$ mother_NN made_VBD very_QL good_JJ May_NR F37 144 garlands_NNS with_IN a_AT doll_NN hung_VBN F37 145 inside_RP ,_, so_CS it_PP3 would_MD appear_VB that_CS the_ATI F37 145 day-time_NN May_NR garlanding_NN was_BEDZ also_RB F37 146 carried_VBN on_RP at_IN Gravely_NP ._. ^ the_ATI Gravely_NP melody_NN F37 146 is_BEZ related_VBN to_IN the_ATI twice_RB F37 147 noted_JJ Fowlmere_NP ,_, \0Cambs_NP ,_, version_NN (_( \0L_NP \0E_NP F37 147 Broadwood_NP ,_, \0J_NP Folk_NP F37 148 Song_NP society_NN ,_, 1902_CD ,_, 1_CD1 ,_, 180_CD ;_; \0R_NP F37 148 Vaughan_NP Williams_NP ,_, eight_CD F37 149 traditional_JJ carols_NNS ,_, 1919_CD ,_, reprinted_VBN in_IN the_ATI F37 149 Oxford_NP book_NN of_IN carols_NNS ,_, F37 150 \0no_NN 47_CD )_) ._. F37 151 ^ further_JJB references_NNS are_BER given_VBN by_IN \0M_NP F37 151 Dean-Smith_NP ,_, a_AT guide_NN to_IN F37 152 English_JNP folk_JJB song_NN collections_NNS ,_, 1954_CD (_( *'_*' F37 152 May_NR day_NN carols_NNS **'_**' ,_, *'_*' the_ATI moon_NN F37 153 shines_VBZ bright_RB **'_**' ,_, \0etc_RB )_) ._. F37 154 ^ the_ATI main_JJB purpose_NN of_IN these_DTS additional_JJ F37 154 notes_NNS is_BEZ to_TO indicate_VB the_ATI F37 155 need_NN for_IN a_AT detailed_JJ survey_NN of_IN the_ATI various_JJ F37 155 May_NR song_NN tunes_NNS and_CC their_PP$ F37 156 related_JJ customs_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI most_QL recent_JJ study_NN of_IN F37 156 this_DT kind_NN seems_VBZ to_TO have_HV F37 157 appeared_VBN as_QL long_RB ago_RB as_IN 1904_CD ,_, and_CC this_DT F37 157 was_BEDZ confined_VBN to_IN a_AT single_JJ county_NN F37 158 (_( \0W_NP \0B_NP Gerish_NP ,_, *'_*' the_ATI Mayers_NNPS and_CC F37 158 their_PP$ song_NN ,_, or_CC some_DTI account_NN of_IN F37 159 the_ATI first_OD of_IN May_NR and_CC its_PP$ observance_NN in_IN F37 159 Hertfordshire_NP **'_**' ,_, printed_VBN by_IN F37 160 \0S_NP Austin_NP &_CC Sons_NPTS ,_, Hertford_NP )_) ._. F37 161 ^ editor_NN ._. F37 162 ^ the_ATI international_JJ folk_JJB music_NN council_NN ._. F37 163 ^ the_ATI fourteenth_OD annual_JJ conference_NN of_IN the_ATI F37 163 international_JJ folk_JJB F37 164 music_NN council_NN was_BEDZ held_VBN in_IN the_ATI Universite*?2_NPL F37 164 Laval_NP in_IN Quebec_NP from_IN F37 165 August_NR 28_CD to_IN September_NR 3_CD ,_, 1961_CD ._. F37 166 ^ the_ATI conference_NN was_BEDZ organized_VBN by_IN a_AT special_JJ F37 166 Canadian_JNP committee_NN F37 167 which_WDTR included_VBD the_ATI University_NPL and_CC the_ATI F37 167 Canadian_JNP folk_JJB music_NN society_NN ._. F37 168 ^ the_ATI leading_JJ spirit_NN in_IN this_DT enterprise_NN was_BEDZ F37 168 \0Dr_NPT Marius_NP Barbeau_NP ,_, the_ATI F37 169 President_NPT of_IN the_ATI society_NN and_CC the_ATI grand_JJ old_JJ F37 169 man_NN of_IN French-Canadian_JNP and_CC F37 170 red_JJ Indian_JNP folk_JJB music_NN ,_, known_VBN throughout_IN the_ATI F37 170 world_NN from_IN the_ATI work_NN done_VBN F37 171 when_WRB he_PP3A was_BEDZ attached_VBN to_IN the_ATI national_JJ F37 171 Museum_NPL in_IN Ottawa_NP ._. F37 172 ^ this_DT conference_NN attracted_VBD musicians_NNS ,_, F37 172 folk-lorists_NNS and_CC dancers_NNS F37 173 from_IN all_RB over_IN the_ATI world_NN ,_, with_IN a_AT F37 173 particularly_RB strong_JJ contingent_NN from_IN F37 174 the_ATI United_NP States_NP ._. ^ it_PP3 met_VBD in_IN the_ATI F37 174 mornings_NNS and_CC afternoons_NNS and_CC the_ATI F37 175 members_NNS were_BED entertained_VBN in_IN various_JJ ways_NNS F37 175 during_IN the_ATI evenings_NNS with_IN F37 176 concerts_NNS and_CC performances_NNS ._. ^ there_EX was_BEDZ an_AT F37 176 opportunity_NN for_IN one_CD1 excursion_NN F37 177 to_IN the_ATI Indian_JNP reservation_NN in_IN Lorette_NP ,_, where_WRB F37 177 a_AT programme_NN of_IN Huron_NP and_CC F37 178 Iroquois_NP ceremonies_NNS was_BEDZ given_VBN under_IN \0Dr_NPT F37 178 Barbeau's_NP$ direction_NN ._. F37 179 ^ the_ATI University_NPL of_IN Laval_NP is_BEZ itself_PPL a_AT F37 179 strong_JJ centre_NN of_IN F37 180 French-Canadian_JNP folk-lore_NN and_CC the_ATI members_NNS of_IN F37 180 the_ATI conference_NN were_BED F37 181 fortunate_JJ in_IN having_HVG this_DT opportunity_NN to_TO have_HV F37 181 the_ATI folk-lore_NN section_NN F37 182 with_IN its_PP$ archives_NNS explained_VBN to_IN them_PP3OS by_IN F37 182 Professor_NPT Luc_NP Lacourcie*?3re_NP F37 183 and_CC his_PP$ colleagues_NNS ._. F37 184 ^ hospitality_NN was_BEDZ generous_JJ throughout_IN the_ATI F37 184 period_NN of_IN the_ATI conference_NN ,_, F37 185 culminating_VBG in_IN a_AT Canadian_JNP supper_NN in_IN the_ATI old_JJ F37 185 part_NN of_IN the_ATI University_NPL in_IN F37 186 the_ATI heart_NN of_IN the_ATI City_NPL of_IN Quebec_NP ._. ^ the_ATI F37 186 daily_JJ sessions_NNS were_BED held_VBN in_IN a_AT F37 187 building_NN in_IN the_ATI new_JJ University_NPL some_DTI four_CD or_CC F37 187 five_CD miles_NNS out_RP of_IN the_ATI F37 188 city_NN ,_, where_WRB new_JJ buildings_NNS are_BER springing_VBG up_RP F37 188 on_IN an_AT extensive_JJ campus_NN F37 189 which_WDTR only_RB a_AT short_JJ time_NN ago_RB was_BEDZ virgin_JJB F37 189 forest_NN ._. ^ the_ATI conference_NN had_HVD all_ABN F37 190 the_ATI modern_JJ facilities_NNS at_IN its_PP$ disposal_NN and_CC as_CS F37 190 there_EX was_BEDZ little_AP else_RB to_TO F37 191 distract_VB the_ATI attention_NN the_ATI sessions_NNS were_BED very_QL F37 191 well_RB attended_VBN ._. F37 192 ^ from_IN the_ATI musical_JJ point_NN of_IN view_NN the_ATI F37 192 contemporary_JJ work_NN of_IN \0Dr_NPT F37 193 Charles_NP Seeger_NP and_CC \0Mr_NPT Alan_NP Lomax_NP ,_, each_DT F37 193 making_VBG use_NN of_IN modern_JJ F37 194 technical_JJ equipment_NN ,_, posed_VBD the_ATI most_QL challenging_JJ F37 194 questions_NNS ._. ^ \0Dr_NPT F37 195 Seeger's_NP$ Melograph_NP ,_, capable_JJ of_IN analysing_VBG melodic_JJ F37 195 structure_NN in_IN great_JJ F37 196 detail_NN ,_, opened_VBD a_AP good_AP" many_AP" eyes_NNS to_IN the_ATI F37 196 fluidity_NN of_IN folk_JJB music_NN and_CC F37 197 revealed_VBD how_WRB incomplete_JJ was_BEDZ the_ATI conventional_JJ F37 197 picture_NN of_IN folk_JJB music_NN F37 198 depending_VBG on_IN a_AP few_AP" modes_NNS derived_VBN from_IN the_ATI F37 198 pentatonic_JJ scale_NN ._. ^ Alan_NP F37 199 Lomax_NP ,_, using_VBG another_DT type_NN of_IN scientific_JJ F37 199 instrument_NN ,_, provided_VBD graphs_NNS of_IN F37 200 vocal_JJ technique_NN from_IN which_WDTR he_PP3A deduced_VBD a_AT F37 200 number_NN of_IN factors_NNS each_DT F37 201 affecting_VBG singing_NN *'_*' style_NN **'_**' which_WDTR he_PP3A F37 201 described_VBD as_IN a_AT F37 202 *'_*' self-perpetuating_JJ culture_NN trait_NN **'_**' ._. ^ he_PP3A F37 202 argued_VBD that_CS there_EX were_BED three_CD F37 203 or_CC four_CD main_JJB styles_NNS which_WDTR had_HVD coalesced_VBN F37 203 in_IN America_NP shaping_VBG singing_NN F37 204 habits_NNS and_CC influencing_VBG the_ATI preservation_NN of_IN F37 204 traditional_JJ pieces_NNS and_CC the_ATI F37 205 choice_NN of_IN new_JJ material_NN ._. F38 2 ^ the_ATI pomeranian_JJ bream_NN ._. F38 3 ^ this_DT fish_NN is_BEZ not_XNOT ,_, as_CS its_PP$ scientific_JJ F38 3 name_NN (_( Abramis_&FW F38 4 buggenhagii_&FW )_) implies_VBZ ,_, and_CC as_CS was_BEDZ once_RB F38 4 believed_VBN ,_, a_AT separate_JJ bream_NN F38 5 species_NN ._. ^ it_PP3 can_MD not_XNOT even_RB claim_VB the_ATI F38 5 distinction_NN of_IN being_BEG a_AT bream_NN F38 6 *'_*' variety_NN **'_**' or_CC *'_*' breed_NN **'_**' ._. ^ it_PP3 F38 6 is_BEZ simply_RB a_AT hybrid_NN between_IN the_ATI common_JJ F38 7 bream_NN and_CC the_ATI roach_NN ._. ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ occasioned_VBN F38 7 by_IN the_ATI similarities_NNS in_IN habits_NNS F38 8 and_CC spawning_NN of_IN both_ABX species_NNS ._. ^ both_ABX bream_NNS F38 8 and_CC roach_NNS spawn_VB communally_RB F38 9 at_IN about_RB the_ATI same_AP time_NN of_IN year_NN ,_, and_CC F38 9 both_ABX seek_VB similar_JJ weedy_JJ shallows_NNS ._. F38 10 ^ occasionally_RB it_PP3 happens_VBZ that_CS a_AT shoal_NN of_IN F38 10 one_CD1 kind_NN is_BEZ spawning_VBG F38 11 simultaneously_RB alongside_IN a_AT shoal_NN of_IN the_ATI other_AP ._. F38 11 ^ eggs_NNS deposited_VBN on_IN the_ATI F38 12 fringes_NNS of_IN each_DT group_NN where_WRB the_ATI two_CD species_NNS F38 12 would_MD tend_VB to_TO intermingle_VB F38 13 are_BER obviously_RB fertilised_VBN by_IN milt_NN from_IN fishes_NNS F38 13 of_IN the_ATI other_AP group_NN ._. ^ in_IN F38 14 this_DT way_NN the_ATI hybrid_NN *'_*' pomeranian_JJ bream_NN **'_**' F38 14 ,_, as_CS it_PP3 is_BEZ popularly_RB known_VBN ,_, F38 15 is_BEZ produced_VBN ._. F38 16 ^ the_ATI hybrid_NN is_BEZ itself_PPL infertile_JJ ,_, but_CC it_PP3 F38 16 is_BEZ still_RB a_AT very_QL common_JJ F38 17 fish_NN in_IN waters_NNS where_WRB roach_NNS and_CC bream_NNS occur_VB F38 17 together_RB in_IN large_JJ numbers_NNS F38 18 and_CC it_PP3 is_BEZ not_XNOT merely_RB confined_VBN to_IN lakes_NNS F38 18 and_CC ponds_NNS but_CC is_BEZ commonly_RB found_VBN F38 19 in_IN rivers_NNS also_RB ._. ^ the_ATI fish_NN is_BEZ silvery_JJ in_IN F38 19 colour_NN ,_, with_IN perhaps_RB a_AT bluish_JJ F38 20 tint_NN ._. ^ not_XNOT quite_RB plump_JJ enough_QLP to_TO be_BE a_AT F38 20 bream_NN ,_, yet_CC deep_JJ enough_QLP in_IN the_ATI F38 21 belly_NN to_TO look_VB like_IN a_AT really_RB splendid_JJ F38 21 grandfather_NN roach_NN ,_, its_PP$ typically_RB F38 22 forked_JJ ,_, bream-like_JJ tail_NN should_MD indicate_VB its_PP$ F38 22 parentage_NN ,_, as_CS also_RB should_MD F38 23 its_PP$ obvious_JJ sliminess_NN ._. F38 24 ^ but_CC this_DT fish_NN often_RB attains_VBZ a_AT weight_NN of_IN F38 24 over_RB two_CD pounds_NNS and_CC it_PP3 is_BEZ F38 25 probably_RB more_QL easily_RB mistaken_VBN for_IN a_AT roach_NN than_IN F38 25 anything_PN else_RB ._. ^ often_RB F38 26 it_PP3 is_BEZ hailed_VBN by_IN the_ATI excited_JJ angler_NN as_IN an_AT F38 26 exceptionally_RB good_JJ specimen_NN F38 27 roach_NN ,_, and_CC entered_VBN for_IN a_AT club_NN contest_NN or_CC F38 27 prize_NN ._. F38 28 ^ for_IN similar_JJ reasons_NNS to_IN those_DTS already_RB given_VBN F38 28 the_ATI bream_NN also_RB F38 29 hybridises_VBZ with_IN the_ATI rudd_NN in_IN waters_NNS where_WRB F38 29 these_DTS two_CD species_NNS are_BER common_JJ ._. F38 30 ^ the_ATI resulting_JJ progeny_NN are_BER easily_RB mistaken_VBN for_IN F38 30 very_QL fine_JJ rudd_NNS and_CC ,_, F38 31 less_QL often_RB ,_, for_IN stunted_JJ bream_NNS ._. ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ F38 31 perfectly_RB natural_JJ that_CS an_AT angler_NN F38 32 should_MD prefer_VB to_TO believe_VB he_PP3A has_HVZ taken_VBN a_AT F38 32 fine_JJ rudd_NN rather_RB than_IN a_AT poor_JJ F38 33 bream_NN ,_, and_CC like_IN the_ATI roach_NN x_IN bream_NN hybrid_NN F38 33 ,_, this_DT fish_NN is_BEZ probably_RB F38 34 responsible_JJ for_IN innumerable_JJ false_JJ record_NN or_CC *'_*' F38 34 specimen_NN fish_NN **'_**' claims_NNS ._. F38 35 ^ whilst_CS this_DT kind_NN of_IN wishful_JJ thinking_NN is_BEZ F38 35 understandable_JJ ,_, it_PP3 is_BEZ F38 36 nevertheless_RB easily_RB avoidable_JJ ._. ^ both_ABX hybrids_NNS F38 36 may_MD be_BE quite_RB definitely_RB F38 37 identified_VBN as_IN imposters_NNS by_IN fin_NN ray_NN and_CC scale_NN F38 37 counts_NNS ..._... ._. ^ furthermore_RB ,_, F38 38 only_RB one_CD1 check_NN is_BEZ likely_JJ to_TO be_BE necessary_JJ ._. ^ F38 38 the_ATI anal_JJ fin_NN ray_NN count_NN F38 39 is_BEZ almost_RB always_RB decisive_JJ in_IN distinguishing_VBG F38 39 such_ABL hybrids_NNS from_IN both_ABX F38 40 parents_NNS ,_, and_CC if_CS only_RB anglers_NNS would_MD bother_VB F38 40 to_TO undertake_VB this_DT ,_, there_EX F38 41 would_MD be_BE far_RB fewer_AP false_JJ record_NN claims_NNS ,_, and_CC F38 41 fewer_AP disappointed_JJ anglers_NNS F38 42 as_IN a_AT result_NN ,_, for_CS these_DTS imposters_NNS are_BER F38 42 always_RB recognised_VBN by_IN any_DTI club_NN F38 43 steward_NN of_IN any_DTI experience_NN who_WPR cares_VBZ to_TO F38 43 undertake_VB the_ATI count_NN needed_VBN ._. F38 44 ^ roach_NNS possess_VB 9-12_CD-CD branched_JJ rays_NNS in_IN the_ATI F38 44 anal_JJ fin_NN ._. ^ bream_NNS possess_VB F38 45 23-29_CD-CD ,_, and_CC rudd_NNS 10-13_CD-CD ._. ^ the_ATI roach_NN x_IN F38 45 bream_NN hybrid_NN has_HVZ 15-19_CD-CD ,_, which_WDTR F38 46 establishes_VBZ quite_RB clearly_RB that_CS it_PP3 can_MD be_BE F38 46 neither_DTX roach_NN nor_CC bream_NN !_! ^ the_ATI F38 47 rudd_NN x_IN bream_NN hybrid_NN has_HVZ 15-18_CD-CD which_WDTR again_RB F38 47 establishes_VBZ that_CS it_PP3 can_MD not_XNOT F38 48 be_BE bream_NN or_CC rudd_NN ._. ^ table_NN 3_CD gives_VBZ fuller_JJR F38 48 details_NNS of_IN the_ATI differences_NNS F38 49 between_IN these_DTS fish_NNS and_CC their_PP$ parents_NNS ,_, and_CC F38 49 should_MD suffice_VB to_TO identify_VB F38 50 any_DTI bream_NN hybrid_NN likely_JJ to_TO be_BE found_VBN ._. F38 51 ^ records_NNS indicate_VB that_CS rarely_RB the_ATI smaller_JJR F38 51 silver_JJ bream_NN hybridises_VBZ F38 52 with_IN roach_NN and_CC rudd_NN ._. ^ such_ABL hybrids_NNS are_BER F38 52 most_QL uncommon_JJ and_CC unlikely_JJ to_TO F38 53 be_BE met_VBN ._. ^ both_ABX are_BER small_JJ fishes_NNS seldom_RB F38 53 exceeding_VBG ten_CD inches_NNS ,_, and_CC F38 54 therefore_RB unlikely_JJ to_TO be_BE the_ATI cause_NN of_IN false_JJ F38 54 record_NN claims_NNS ._. ^ both_ABX may_MD F38 55 be_BE distinguished_VBN by_IN the_ATI anal_JJ fin_NN ,_, and_CC F38 55 details_NNS of_IN these_DTS unusual_JJ and_CC F38 56 even_RB rare_JJ hybrids_NNS may_MD be_BE found_VBN in_IN table_NN 3_CD F38 56 ._. F38 57 ^ strangely_RB enough_QLP there_EX are_BER no_ATI records_NNS in_IN F38 57 Britain_NP of_IN hybridisation_NN F38 58 between_IN the_ATI two_CD bream_NN species_NNS ._. ^ this_DT seems_VBZ F38 58 curious_JJ when_WRB we_PP1AS consider_VB F38 59 the_ATI close_JJ relationship_NN between_IN the_ATI silver_JJ and_CC F38 59 bronzed_JJ breams_NNS ._. F38 60 ^ possibly_RB such_ABL hybrids_NNS occur_VB ,_, but_CC have_HV not_XNOT F38 60 been_BEN recognised_VBN ._. ^ owing_IN to_IN" F38 61 the_ATI degree_NN of_IN overlapping_VBG which_WDTR occurs_VBZ in_IN F38 61 scale_NN and_CC fin_NN ray_NN counts_NNS F38 62 between_IN the_ATI two_CD species_NNS ,_, it_PP3 would_MD be_BE F38 62 almost_RB impossible_JJ to_TO detect_VB such_ABL F38 63 a_AT hybrid_NN by_IN external_JJ means_NNS although_CS examination_NN F38 63 of_IN the_ATI pharyngeal_JJ F38 64 teeth_NNS and_CC gill_NN rakers_NNS would_MD certainly_RB identify_VB F38 64 this_DT fish_NN if_CS it_PP3 were_BED F38 65 found_VBN ._. F38 66 ^ the_ATI bleak_NN ._. alburnus_&FW alburnus_&FW ._. (_( Linnaeus_NP F38 66 ._. )_) F38 67 ^ alburnus_&FW lucidus_&FW ._. (_( Day_NP ._. )_) F38 68 ^ description_NN ._. F38 69 ^ the_ATI back_NN is_BEZ blue-green_JJ ,_, or_CC grey-green_JJ ,_, F38 69 and_CC in_IN bright_JJ sunshine_NN F38 70 it_PP3 appears_VBZ predominantly_RB green_JJ ._. ^ the_ATI flanks_NNS F38 70 are_BER pale_JJ green_JJ with_IN F38 71 iridescent_JJ tints_NNS ,_, fading_VBG to_IN a_AT silvery_JJ white_NN F38 71 on_IN the_ATI underside_NN ._. ^ the_ATI F38 72 iridescence_NN of_IN the_ATI scales_NNS gives_VBZ the_ATI flanks_NNS F38 72 a_AT golden_JJ green_JJ colour_NN in_IN F38 73 sunny_JJ weather_NN when_WRB the_ATI fish_NN is_BEZ ashore_RB ,_, F38 73 and_CC in_IN duller_JJR weather_NN the_ATI white_JJ F38 74 or_CC silver_JJ aspects_NNS predominate_VB ._. F38 76 ^ the_ATI belly_NN is_BEZ compressed_VBN to_IN a_AT ridge_NN between_IN F38 76 the_ATI ventral_JJ fins_NNS and_CC as_QL F38 77 far_RB as_IN the_ATI anal_JJ fin_NN ;_; the_ATI anal_JJ fin_NN is_BEZ F38 77 long_JJ ,_, and_CC grey_JJ ._. ^ the_ATI other_AP fins_NNS F38 78 are_BER sometimes_RB tinted_VBN with_IN pink_NN ._. F38 79 ^ the_ATI body_NN is_BEZ spindle-shaped_JJ and_CC lightly_RB F38 79 compressed_VBN laterally_RB ._. ^ the_ATI F38 80 head_NN is_BEZ small_JJ ,_, with_IN the_ATI mouth_NN superior_JJ ,_, F38 80 and_CC strongly_RB oblique_JJ ._. ^ the_ATI F38 81 upper_JJB body_NN surface_NN is_BEZ lightly_RB curved_JJ and_CC the_ATI F38 81 abdomen_NN more_QL so_PN ._. ^ the_ATI F38 82 scales_NNS are_BER very_QL lightly_RB attached_VBN to_IN the_ATI F38 82 body_NN ,_, coming_VBG off_RP at_IN any_DTI F38 83 careless_JJ handling_NN ._. ^ the_ATI ventral_JJ fins_NNS are_BER F38 83 set_VBN in_IN front_IN" of_IN" the_ATI level_NN of_IN F38 84 the_ATI dorsal_JJ fin_NN ,_, and_CC the_ATI pectoral_JJ fins_NNS F38 84 are_BER situated_VBN close_RB to_IN the_ATI gill_NN F38 85 covers_NNS ,_, about_RB half-way_RB between_IN the_ATI lateral_JJ F38 85 line_NN and_CC the_ATI abdomen_NN ._. F38 86 ^ these_DTS cheerful_JJ sparkling_JJ little_JJ fish_NNS swim_VB F38 86 in_IN the_ATI same_AP category_NN as_IN F38 87 the_ATI bream_NN by_IN virtue_NN of_IN their_PP$ long_JJ anal_JJ fin_NN F38 87 ,_, but_CC they_PP3AS rarely_RB share_VB the_ATI F38 88 same_AP *'_*' swim_NN **'_**' ,_, being_BEG utterly_RB different_JJ F38 88 in_IN habit_NN ._. ^ they_PP3AS are_BER common_JJ F38 89 fish_NNS in_IN many_AP rivers_NNS and_CC the_ATI strolling_JJ F38 89 observer_NN can_MD hardly_RB fail_VB to_TO F38 90 notice_VB them_PP3OS ,_, especially_RB as_CS they_PP3AS prefer_VB to_TO F38 90 live_VB amongst_IN the_ATI surface_NN F38 91 layers_NNS of_IN water_NN ._. ^ they_PP3AS are_BER often_RB to_TO be_BE F38 91 seen_VBN within_IN inches_NNS of_IN the_ATI bank_NN ,_, F38 92 too_RB ,_, darting_VBG after_IN floating_VBG crusts_NNS which_WDTR F38 92 are_BER soon_RB broken_VBN in_IN smaller_JJR F38 93 pieces_NNS by_IN the_ATI attentions_NNS of_IN the_ATI shoal_NN ._. ^ F38 93 often_RB the_ATI bleak_NNS are_BER seen_VBN F38 94 leaping_VBG and_CC scattering_VBG across_IN the_ATI surface_NN ,_, F38 94 alarming_VBG other_AP fishes_NNS as_CS F38 95 they_PP3AS flash_VB silver_NN when_WRB the_ATI pike_NN or_CC F38 95 prowling_JJ perch_NN leaps_VBZ amongst_IN them_PP3OS F38 96 in_IN search_NN of_IN a_AT meal_NN ._. ^ more_QL often_RB than_CS F38 96 not_XNOT the_ATI bleak_NN causes_VBZ the_ATI dainty_JJ F38 97 rises_NNS and_CC splashes_NNS which_WDTR continually_RB dimple_VB F38 97 the_ATI surface_NN ,_, yet_CC despite_IN F38 98 their_PP$ timidity_NN ,_, bleak_NNS will_MD swim_VB nosing_VBG the_ATI F38 98 feet_NNS of_IN the_ATI small_JJ boy_NN F38 99 paddling_NN in_IN the_ATI shallows_NNS provided_CS he_PP3A avoids_VBZ F38 99 undue_JJ noise_NN and_CC violent_JJ F38 100 movement_NN ._. ^ in_IN almost_RB any_DTI weather_NN bleak_NNS are_BER F38 100 to_TO be_BE found_VBN close_RB to_IN the_ATI F38 101 surface_NN ,_, ever_RB ready_JJ to_TO amuse_VB the_ATI passing_JJ F38 101 walker_NN ,_, or_CC sample_VB the_ATI F38 102 angler's_NN$ bait_NN ._. F38 103 ^ yet_RB bleak_NNS are_BER not_XNOT much_RB sought_VBN after_IN F38 103 by_IN anglers_NNS because_CS they_PP3AS are_BER F38 104 small_JJ and_CC take_VB a_AT bait_NN too_QL readily_RB ._. ^ in_IN F38 104 match_NN fishing_NN ,_, however_RB ,_, they_PP3AS F38 105 are_BER popular_JJ ,_, putting_VBG a_AT premium_NN on_IN speed_NN F38 105 and_CC skill_NN at_IN striking_VBG the_ATI F38 106 swift_JJ tiny_JJ bites_NNS rather_RB than_CS on_IN water-lore_NN and_CC F38 106 angling_NN craft_NN ._. ^ many_AP a_AT F38 107 match_NN champion_NN owes_VBZ his_PP$ laurels_NNS to_IN his_PP$ F38 107 ability_NN to_TO strike_VB the_ATI swift_JJ F38 108 bites_NNS at_IN a_AT faster_JJR rate_NN than_IN his_PP$ companions_NNS F38 108 ._. F38 109 ^ other_AP anglers_NNS regard_VB the_ATI bleak_NN as_IN a_AT bait_NN F38 109 for_IN pike_NNS or_CC perch_NNS ,_, but_CC F38 110 most_QL often_RB when_WRB the_ATI pike_NNS are_BER on_IN feed_NN ;_; F38 110 striking_VBG terror_NN amongst_IN the_ATI F38 111 shallows_NNS ,_, the_ATI bleak_NNS ,_, showing_VBG considerable_JJ F38 111 discretion_NN for_IN so_QL small_JJ a_AT F38 112 fish_NN ,_, are_BER nowhere_RB to_TO be_BE found_VBN ._. ^ only_RB F38 112 the_ATI small_JJ boy_NN ,_, angling_VBG perhaps_RB F38 113 with_IN a_AT string_NN and_CC stick_NN amongst_IN the_ATI brooks_NNS F38 113 off_IN the_ATI main_JJB stream_NN ,_, knows_VBZ F38 114 where_WRB they_PP3AS have_HV gone_VBN ._. F38 115 ^ like_IN the_ATI minnow_NN ,_, bleak_NNS are_BER very_QL F38 115 important_JJ food_NN fish_NNS for_IN other_AP F38 116 river_NN creatures_NNS ._. ^ these_DTS most_QL useful_JJ members_NNS F38 116 of_IN the_ATI river_NN community_NN F38 117 provide_VB meals_NNS for_IN predatory_JJ fish_NNS and_CC river_NN F38 117 birds_NNS ._. ^ not_XNOT only_RB the_ATI F38 118 regular_JJ river-haunting_JJ birds_NNS ,_, but_CC even_RB the_ATI F38 118 seagulls_NNS F38 120 seeking_VBG inland_RN during_IN bad_JJ weather_NN know_VB where_WRB F38 120 to_TO look_VB for_IN a_AT feed_NN ._. ^ the_ATI F38 121 angler's_NN$ wife_NN ,_, too_RB ,_, knows_VBZ that_CS a_AT dish_NN F38 121 of_IN bleak_NN is_BEZ not_XNOT to_TO be_BE despised_VBN ._. F38 122 ^ well_RB cooked_VBN they_PP3AS are_BER tastier_JJR than_IN sprats_NNS F38 122 ,_, which_WDTR they_PP3AS somewhat_RB F38 123 resemble_VB in_IN appearance_NN ._. F38 124 ^ bleak_NNS were_BED once_RB very_QL much_RB sought_VBN after_IN F38 124 for_IN the_ATI iridescent_JJ F38 125 colouring_NN of_IN their_PP$ scales_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI artificial_JJ F38 125 pearl_NN industry_NN thrived_VBD on_IN F38 126 the_ATI colours_NNS of_IN the_ATI otherwise_RB insignificant_JJ F38 126 bleak_NN ._. ^ like_IN so_QL many_AP other_AP F38 127 creatures_NNS they_PP3AS were_BED slaughtered_VBN in_IN large_JJ F38 127 numbers_NNS to_TO satisfy_VB the_ATI F38 128 vanities_NNS of_IN the_ATI human_JJ female_NN ._. F38 129 ^ in_IN some_DTI waters_NNS such_IN as_IN" the_ATI Thames_NP F38 129 bleak_NNS are_BER so_QL abundant_JJ as_CS to_TO be_BE F38 130 considered_VBN a_AT nuisance_NN by_IN various_JJ angling_NN bodies_NNS F38 130 ._. ^ efforts_NNS to_TO check_VB the_ATI F38 131 bleak_NN population_NN have_HV been_BEN made_VBN from_IN time_NN to_IN F38 131 time_NN by_IN several_AP such_ABL F38 132 groups_NNS ._. ^ possibly_RB it_PP3 is_BEZ as_QL well_JJ that_CS F38 132 these_DTS efforts_NNS have_HV met_VBN with_IN F38 133 little_AP success_NN ._. ^ although_CS abundant_JJ ,_, bleak_NNS F38 133 are_BER delicate_JJ fish_NNS ,_, and_CC so_QL F38 134 long_RB as_CS they_PP3AS are_BER capable_JJ of_IN surviving_VBG in_IN F38 134 the_ATI Thames_NP ,_, so_QL long_RB does_DOZ this_DT F38 135 indicate_VB a_AT fair_JJ standard_NN of_IN purity_NN in_IN the_ATI F38 135 water_NN ._. F38 136 ^ bleak_NNS are_BER not_XNOT found_VBN in_IN Scotland_NP ,_, west_NR F38 136 Wales_NP ,_, Ireland_NP or_CC the_ATI lake_NN F38 137 district_NN ._. ^ elsewhere_RB in_IN the_ATI British_JNP Isles_NPLS F38 137 they_PP3AS are_BER very_QL common_JJ ._. ^ as_IN F38 138 aquarium_NN fishes_NNS they_PP3AS would_MD probably_RB be_BE F38 138 welcomed_VBN for_IN their_PP$ attractive_JJ F38 139 colours_NNS ;_; unfortunately_RB they_PP3AS are_BER extremely_RB F38 139 difficult_JJ to_TO keep_VB alive_JJ F38 140 under_IN artificial_JJ conditions_NNS ,_, and_CC indeed_RB they_PP3AS F38 140 seldom_RB survive_VB the_ATI F38 141 journey_NN home_NR in_IN a_AT bait_NN can_NN ._. F38 142 ^ bleak_NNS are_BER recorded_VBN as_CS having_HVG hybridised_VBN F38 142 naturally_RB with_IN chub_NNS and_CC F38 143 roach_NNS ._. ^ these_DTS hybrids_NNS are_BER recognised_VBN by_IN F38 143 their_PP$ long_JJ anal_JJ fins_NNS ,_, and_CC also_RB F38 144 by_IN a_AT compressed_JJ ridge_NN along_IN the_ATI abdomen_NN F38 144 between_IN the_ATI ventral_JJ fins_NNS and_CC F38 145 the_ATI anal_JJ fin_NN (_( Tate-Regan_NP )_) ._. ^ they_PP3AS are_BER F38 145 not_XNOT at_IN all_ABN common_JJ ,_, and_CC are_BER well_RB F38 146 worth_IN reporting_VBG when_WRB taken_VBN ._. ^ please_UH send_VB F38 146 such_ABL fishes_NNS where_WRB they_PP3AS may_MD be_BE F38 147 properly_RB examined_VBN ._. ^ only_RB when_WRB a_AT large_JJ number_NN F38 147 have_HV been_BEN handled_VBN by_IN F38 148 competent_JJ authorities_NNS will_MD a_AT full_JJ knowledge_NN of_IN F38 148 them_PP3OS become_VB available_JJ ._. F38 149 ^ details_NNS of_IN what_WDT is_BEZ at_IN present_NN known_VBN are_BER F38 149 given_VBN in_IN table_NN 4_CD ._. F38 152 ^ the_ATI Allis_NP shad_NN ._. alosa_&FW alosa_&FW ._. (_( Linnaeus_NP F38 152 )_) ._. F38 153 ^ clupea_&FW alosa_&FW ._. (_( Day_NP ._. )_) F38 154 ^ description_NN ._. F38 155 ^ the_ATI back_NN is_BEZ blue-green_JJ ,_, green-brown_JJ ,_, or_CC F38 155 intermediate_JJ ,_, with_IN F38 156 golden_JJ flashes_NNS on_IN the_ATI head_NN ,_, and_CC tints_NNS of_IN F38 156 yellow_NN ._. ^ the_ATI flanks_NNS are_BER of_IN a_AT F38 157 pale_JJ olive_JJ colour_NN which_WDTR shades_VBZ to_IN silver_NN or_CC F38 157 bluish-white_NN on_IN the_ATI F38 158 underside_NN ._. ^ a_AT single_JJ oval_JJ dark_JJ spot_NN lies_VBZ F38 158 on_IN the_ATI upper_JJB flank_NN close_RB to_IN F38 159 the_ATI gill_NN cover_NN ._. ^ in_IN younger_JJR fish_NNS there_EX F38 159 may_MD be_BE several_AP such_ABL spots_NNS ,_, and_CC F38 160 in_IN older_JJR specimens_NNS these_DTS may_MD disappear_VB entirely_RB F38 160 ._. ^ the_ATI scales_NNS are_BER F38 161 iridescent_JJ and_CC flash_VB golden_JJ or_CC yellow_JJ in_IN F38 161 sunlight_NN ._. F38 162 ^ the_ATI body_NN is_BEZ strongly_RB compressed_VBN laterally_RB F38 162 and_CC the_ATI abdomen_NN is_BEZ F38 163 keeled_VBN ,_, with_IN the_ATI edges_NNS of_IN the_ATI scales_NNS F38 163 giving_VBG a_AT serrated_JJ edge_NN to_IN the_ATI F38 164 keel_NN ._. ^ the_ATI lateral_JJ line_NN is_BEZ not_XNOT visible_JJ F38 164 externally_RB ._. F38 165 ^ the_ATI mouth_NN is_BEZ large_JJ ,_, slightly_RB oblique_JJ ,_, F38 165 sometimes_RB with_IN fine_JJ F38 166 bristle-like_JJ teeth_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI snout_NN is_BEZ blunt_JJ and_CC F38 166 the_ATI lower_JJR jaw_NN projects_VBZ F38 167 slightly_RB giving_VBG the_ATI fish_NN a_AT pugnacious_JJ appearance_NN F38 167 ._. ^ the_ATI eyes_NNS are_BER quite_RB F38 168 distinctive_JJ in_IN being_BEG hooded_JJ at_IN the_ATI front_JJB and_CC F38 168 trailing_JJ edges_NNS by_IN a_AT F38 169 semi-transparent_JJ membrane_NN ._. F38 170 ^ to_TO see_VB this_DT powerful_JJ fish_NN leaping_VBG over_IN F38 170 the_ATI netsman's_NN$ obstructions_NNS F38 171 you_PP2 could_MD hardly_RB confuse_VB it_PP3 with_IN the_ATI dull_JJ F38 171 and_CC lethargic_JJ bream_NN F38 172 described_VBN earlier_RBR ,_, despite_IN the_ATI suggestion_NN of_IN F38 172 similarity_NN in_IN body_NN shape_NN ._. F38 173 ^ there_EX is_BEZ in_IN fact_NN no_ATI relationship_NN and_CC the_ATI F38 173 shads_NNS are_BER typical_JJ members_NNS of_IN F38 174 the_ATI herring_NNS family_NN and_CC ,_, like_IN the_ATI herring_NNS F38 174 ,_, they_PP3AS are_BER really_RB marine_JJ in_IN F38 175 habit_NN ,_, entering_VBG the_ATI province_NN of_IN the_ATI F38 175 freshwater_JJB angler_NN and_CC observer_NN F38 176 only_RB when_WRB they_PP3AS migrate_VB upstream_RB to_TO spawn_VB in_IN F38 176 the_ATI river_NN ._. F38 177 ^ although_CS the_ATI Allis_NP shad_NN is_BEZ rapidly_RB F38 177 becoming_VBG less_QL common_JJ in_IN F38 178 Britain_NP ,_, it_PP3 was_BEDZ once_RB plentiful_JJ in_IN F38 178 innumerable_JJ large_JJ rivers_NNS and_CC F38 179 estuaries_NNS such_IN as_IN" the_ATI Thames_NP which_WDTR ,_, like_IN F38 179 so_QL many_AP others_APS ,_, is_BEZ now_RN denied_VBN F38 180 to_IN the_ATI incoming_JJ fish_NNS by_IN industrial_JJ pollution_NN ._. F38 181 ^ on_IN the_ATI Wye_NP and_CC Severn_NP ,_, however_RB ,_, there_EX F38 181 are_BER still_RB flourishing_JJ F38 182 commercial_JJ shad_NN fisheries_NNS ,_, and_CC nets_NNS take_VB many_AP F38 182 thousands_CDS of_IN the_ATI clean_JJ F38 183 fish_NNS each_DT season_NN ._. ^ the_ATI *'_*' run_NN **'_**' F38 183 commences_VBZ between_IN March_NR and_CC June_NR and_CC F38 184 then_RN the_ATI estuarial_JJ reaches_NNS are_BER crowded_VBN by_IN F38 184 the_ATI professional_JJ netsmen_NNS ._. F38 185 ^ the_ATI actual_JJ approach_NN of_IN the_ATI first_OD shads_NNS is_BEZ F38 185 still_RB mysteriously_RB heralded_VBN F38 186 by_IN the_ATI arrival_NN of_IN sandpipers_NNS which_WDTR are_BER in_IN F38 186 fact_NN locally_RB called_VBN *'_*' shad_NN F38 187 birds_NNS **'_**' ._. F38 188 ^ a_AT primitive_JJ kind_NN of_IN shrimping_NN net_NN is_BEZ F38 188 used_VBN by_IN many_AP fishermen_NNS F38 190 and_CC great_JJ skill_NN is_BEZ required_VBN to_TO capture_VB these_DTS F38 190 swift_JJ leaping_JJ fish_NNS which_WDTR F38 191 average_VB about_RB three_CD pounds_NNS apiece_RB ._. ^ fortunately_RB F38 191 for_IN those_DTS who_WPR depend_VB F38 192 upon_IN the_ATI shads_NNS for_IN a_AT living_NN ,_, the_ATI fish_NNS F38 192 follow_VB similar_JJ routes_NNS year_NN after_IN F38 193 year_NN ,_, and_CC experienced_JJ fishermen_NNS know_VB just_RB F38 193 where_WRB to_TO set_VB their_PP$ obstacles_NNS F38 194 to_TO direct_VB the_ATI oncoming_JJ fish_NNS towards_IN their_PP$ F38 194 nets_NNS ._. F38 195 ^ those_DTS which_WDTR escape_VB (_( and_CC many_AP thousands_CDS F38 195 do_DO )_) continue_VB their_PP$ journey_NN F38 196 upstream_RB undaunted_JJ until_CS they_PP3AS arrive_VB amongst_IN F38 196 the_ATI shallower_JJR F38 197 less-frequented_JJB streams_NNS where_WRB they_PP3AS spawn_VB with_IN F38 197 considerable_JJ fuss_NN and_CC F38 198 splashing_NN ._. ^ the_ATI eggs_NNS are_BER simply_RB left_VBN F38 198 unburied_JJ and_CC the_ATI spent_JJ fish_NNS F38 199 commence_VB their_PP$ return_NN journey_NN ._. ^ the_ATI newly_RB F38 199 hatched_JJ fish_NNS remain_VB in_IN fresh_JJ F38 200 water_NN only_RB until_CS four_CD or_CC five_CD inches_NNS long_JJ ,_, F38 200 and_CC then_RN they_PP3AS too_RB enter_VB the_ATI F38 201 sea_NN where_WRB growth_NN to_IN maturity_NN is_BEZ rapid_JJ ._. F39 2 ^ dummy_NN board_NN figures_NNS ._. F39 3 ^ by_IN Michael_NP Conway_NP ._. F39 4 ^ dummy_NN boards_NNS shaped_VBN as_IN life-size_JJB figures_NNS F39 4 were_BED decorative_JJ F39 5 and_CC amusing_JJ accessories_NNS in_IN the_ATI Georgian_JNP house_NN F39 5 and_CC in_IN the_ATI garden_NN too_RB ._. F39 6 ^ cut_VBN from_IN wood_NN and_CC painted_VBN ,_, they_PP3AS vividly_RB F39 6 ,_, even_RB startlingly_RB ,_, resembled_VBD F39 7 richly_RB attired_VBN men_NNS and_CC women_NNS ,_, colourful_JJ F39 7 birds_NNS and_CC domestic_JJ animals_NNS ._. F39 8 ^ good-looking_JJ housemaids_NNS gave_VBD life_NN to_IN dreary_JJ F39 8 passages_NNS (_( plate_NN 172A_CD )_) ;_; F39 9 the_ATI entrance_NN hall_NN might_MD shelter_VB a_AT shepherd_NN and_CC F39 9 shepherdess_NN ,_, sometimes_RB F39 10 with_IN sheep_NNS ;_; romping_JJ children_NNS might_MD hide_VB an_AT F39 10 empty_JJ fireplace_NN (_( plate_NN F39 11 171D_CD ._. )_) F39 12 ^ dummy_NN board_NN figures_NNS appeared_VBD in_IN England_NP F39 12 during_IN the_ATI 1660s_CDS as_IN fire_NN F39 13 screens_NNS :_: a_AT silhouette_NN of_IN a_AT man_NN or_CC woman_NN F39 13 might_MD be_BE cut_VBN from_IN thick_JJ ,_, heavy_JJ F39 14 wood_NN and_CC painted_VBN so_CS that_CS" he_PP3A appeared_VBD in_IN F39 14 a_AT naturalistic_JJ attitude_NN before_IN F39 15 the_ATI fireplace_NN ._. ^ the_ATI artists_NNS were_BED usually_RB F39 15 second-rate_JJ portrait_NN F39 16 painters_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI earliest_JJT record_NN of_IN such_ABL a_AT F39 16 painted_JJ figure_NN is_BEZ engraved_VBN in_IN F39 17 the_ATI frontispiece_NN to_IN the_ATI Compleat_NP Gamester_NP (_( F39 17 1674_CD )_) ,_, where_WRB a_AT dummy_NN F39 18 board_NN fashionably_RB stands_VBZ erect_JJ before_IN the_ATI fire_NN F39 18 ,_, feet_NNS wide_RB apart_RP ,_, with_IN F39 19 a_AT drinking_NN glass_NN held_VBN in_IN his_PP$ hand_NN ,_, F39 19 screening_VBG a_AT company_NN of_IN card_NN players_NNS F39 20 from_IN the_ATI heat_NN of_IN the_ATI blaze_NN ._. F39 21 ^ the_ATI Georgian_JNP dummy_NN board_NN figure_NN was_BEDZ F39 21 designed_VBN for_IN ornament_NN only_RB F39 22 and_CC was_BEDZ made_VBN from_IN much_RB thinner_JJR wood_NN ._. ^ a_AT F39 22 projecting_JJ ledge_NN extending_VBG F39 23 from_IN shoulder_NN to_IN shoulder_NN at_IN the_ATI back_NN kept_VBD F39 23 it_PP3 6_CD inches_NNS from_IN the_ATI wall_NN F39 24 and_CC was_BEDZ attached_VBN to_IN it_PP3 by_IN means_IN" of_IN" a_AT F39 24 pair_NN of_IN wrought-iron_JJB hooks_NNS and_CC F39 25 staples_NNS ._. ^ this_DT position_NN and_CC the_ATI figure's_NN$ F39 25 feather_NN edges_NNS caused_VBD a_AT F39 26 life-like_JJ shadow_NN to_TO be_BE thrown_VBN against_IN the_ATI F39 26 wall_NN and_CC secured_VBD a_AT F39 27 three-dimensional_JJ effect_NN ._. ^ careful_JJ placement_NN was_BEDZ F39 27 essential_JJ ,_, for_CS the_ATI F39 28 figure_NN might_MD be_BE painted_VBN full_JJ face_NN or_CC F39 28 three-quarter_JJB face_NN *-_*- rarely_RB in_IN F39 29 profile_NN ._. ^ in_IN an_AT alcove_NN ,_, such_IN as_IN" at_IN a_AT F39 29 stair_NN bend_NN ,_, the_ATI dummy_NN board_NN was_BEDZ F39 30 secured_VBN into_IN an_AT erect_JJ position_NN by_IN means_IN" of_IN" F39 30 a_AT pair_NN of_IN wooden_JJ supports_NNS F39 31 cut_VBN in_IN the_ATI shape_NN of_IN shoes_NNS projecting_VBG four_CD F39 31 or_CC five_CD inches_NNS to_IN the_ATI front_NN ,_, F39 32 and_CC with_IN heels_NNS projecting_VBG to_IN the_ATI rear_NN ._. ^ F39 32 holes_NNS in_IN existing_VBG examples_NNS F39 33 show_VB them_PP3OS to_TO have_HV been_BEN screwed_VBN down_RP from_IN F39 33 the_ATI heels_NNS ._. F39 34 ^ these_DTS colourful_JJ figures_NNS added_VBN interest_NN to_IN F39 34 early_JJ Georgian_JNP homes_NRS ,_, F39 35 and_CC in_IN the_ATI days_NNS of_IN George_NP 3_CD stocks_NNS of_IN F39 35 those_DTS painted_VBN by_IN sign-board_NN F39 36 artists_NNS were_BED displayed_VBN by_IN the_ATI innumerable_JJ F39 36 Mayfair_NP furnishing_NN stores_NNS ._. F39 37 ^ regency_NN dummy_NN boards_NNS lacked_VBD the_ATI colourful_JJ F39 37 elegance_NN of_IN earlier_JJR work_NN ,_, F39 38 but_CC Victorians_NNPS reverted_VBD to_IN Georgian_JNP styles_NNS ,_, F39 38 in_IN greater_JJR brilliance_NN and_CC F39 39 with_IN some_DTI carving_NN in_IN relief_NN ._. F39 40 ^ glossary_NN ._. F39 41 ^ animals_NNS and_CC birds_NNS :_: rooms_NNS might_MD be_BE F39 41 decorated_VBN with_IN dummy_NN board_NN F39 42 figures_NNS of_IN tabby_JJ cats_NNS ._. ^ an_AT early_JJ Victorian_JNP F39 42 series_NN of_IN cats_NNS was_BEDZ covered_VBN F39 43 with_IN black_JJ velvet_NN instead_RB of_IN paint_NN ,_, and_CC F39 43 large_JJ amber_NN beads_NNS were_BED used_VBN F39 44 for_IN eyes_NNS ._. ^ friendly_JJ dogs_NNS were_BED popular_JJ for_IN F39 44 the_ATI parlour_NN ,_, and_CC F39 45 fierce-looking_JJ animals_NNS for_IN the_ATI entrance_NN hall_NN ,_, F39 45 apparently_RB ready_JJ to_TO fly_VB F39 46 at_IN any_DTI unauthorized_JJ intruder_NN ._. ^ brightly_RB painted_JJ F39 46 parrots_NNS and_CC macaws_NNS F39 47 perched_VBN high_RB in_IN the_ATI room_NN appeared_VBD very_QL F39 47 realistic_JJ to_IN the_ATI visitor_NN below_RI ._. F39 48 ^ deer_NNS ,_, sheep_NNS and_CC pigs_NNS might_MD stand_VB in_IN F39 48 well-selected_JJ outdoor_JJB positions_NNS ._. F39 49 ^ artists_NNS :_: until_IN the_ATI 1760s_CDS professional_JJ F39 49 portrait_NN painters_NNS F39 50 decorated_VBD the_ATI majority_NN of_IN dummy_NN board_NN pictures_NNS F39 50 ._. ^ their_PP$ work_NN is_BEZ F39 51 recognized_VBN by_IN life-like_JJ poses_NNS and_CC vivacious_JJ F39 51 expressions_NNS ._. ^ many_AP F39 52 specimens_NNS appear_VB to_TO have_HV been_BEN portraits_NNS ._. ^ F39 52 then_RN came_VBD a_AT statute_NN making_VBG F39 53 it_PP3 illegal_JJ to_TO suspend_VB sign-boards_NNS over_IN the_ATI F39 53 highway_NN ,_, and_CC the_ATI great_JJ F39 54 trade_NN in_IN sign-board_NN painting_NN was_BEDZ ended_VBN ._. ^ F39 54 dummy_NN board_NN pictures_NNS were_BED F39 55 thereupon_RB painted_VBN by_IN shop_NN sign_NN decorators_NNS who_WPR F39 55 for_IN the_ATI most_AP part_NN worked_VBD F39 56 in_IN Harp_NP Alley_NPL ,_, Shoe_NP Lane_NPL ,_, London_NP ._. ^ F39 56 the_ATI existence_NN of_IN identical_JJ dummy_NN F39 57 board_NN figures_NNS cut_VBN from_IN a_AT master_NN template_NN and_CC F39 57 painted_VBN with_IN similar_JJ F39 58 figures_NNS illustrates_VBZ the_ATI change_NN to_IN a_AT style_NN of_IN F39 58 work_NN approaching_VBG mass_NN F39 59 production_NN ._. F39 60 ^ boards_NNS :_: the_ATI wooden_JJ boards_NNS upon_IN which_WDTR F39 60 images_NNS were_BED painted_VBN were_BED F39 61 at_RB first_RB" in_IN oak_NN or_CC pitch_NN pine_NN ._. ^ in_IN the_ATI F39 61 eighteenth_OD century_NN beech_NN ,_, F39 62 pearwood_NN and_CC mahogany_NN were_BED alternatives_NNS ._. ^ F39 62 those_DTS intended_VBN for_IN outdoor_JJB F39 63 use_NN were_BED cut_VBN from_IN 1-inch_JJB teak_NN which_WDTR F39 63 neither_DTX warped_VBD nor_CC shrank_VBD under_IN F39 64 the_ATI stress_NN of_IN changing_JJ weather_NN conditions_NNS ._. ^ F39 64 outlines_NNS for_IN dummy_NN board_NN F39 65 figures_NNS were_BED cut_VBN from_IN single_JJ boards_NNS measuring_VBG F39 65 about_RB 2_CD feet_NNS wide_JJ ._. ^ from_IN F39 66 the_ATI 1770s_CDS thickness_NN was_BEDZ halved_VBN ._. ^ for_IN F39 66 comparison_NN it_PP3 may_MD be_BE noted_VBN that_DT F39 67 late_JJ eighteenth-century_JJB tables_NNS (_( \0q.v_VB )_) F39 67 measuring_VBG 3_CD to_IN 4_CD feet_NNS F39 68 in_IN height_NN were_BED between_IN 1/4-inch_NN and_CC 3/8-inch_NN F39 68 in_IN thickness_NN ._. ^ the_ATI planks_NNS F39 69 on_IN most_AP seventeenth-_OD and_CC eighteenth-century_JJB dummy_NN F39 69 boards_NNS have_HV shrunk_VBN a_RB F39 70 little_RB" ,_, revealing_VBG vertical_JJ tongue-and-groove_JJB F39 70 joints_NNS ._. F39 71 ^ canvas_NN covered_VBN :_: because_CS the_ATI built-up_JJB F39 71 boards_NNS tended_VBD to_TO open_VB F39 72 with_IN shrinkage_NN of_IN the_ATI wood_NN some_DTI dummy_NN boards_NNS F39 72 were_BED covered_VBN with_IN F39 73 painter's_NN$ canvas_NN ,_, the_ATI fabric_NN glued_VBN to_IN the_ATI F39 73 feather-edged_JJ board_NN ._. ^ the_ATI F39 74 back_NN might_MD be_BE covered_VBN with_IN canvas_NN also_RB and_CC F39 74 painted_VBN brown_JJ ._. F39 75 ^ Elizabeth_NP 1_CD1 costume_NN :_: dummy_NN boards_NNS painted_VBN F39 75 in_IN elaborate_JJ F39 76 Elizabethan_JNP attire_NN were_BED popular_JJ with_IN early_JJ F39 76 Georgians_NNPS and_CC again_RB in_IN the_ATI F39 77 mid-nineteenth_OD century_NN ._. ^ the_ATI early_JJ series_NN was_BEDZ F39 77 almost_RB invariably_RB F39 78 painted_VBN by_IN portraitists_NNS ,_, possibly_RB adapted_VBN from_IN F39 78 engravings_NNS as_CS minor_JJ F39 79 accessories_NNS were_BED correctly_RB depicted_VBN ._. ^ the_ATI F39 79 face_NN might_MD be_BE that_DT of_IN the_ATI F39 80 purchaser_NN or_CC a_AT member_NN of_IN his_PP$ family_NN ._. F39 81 ^ feather_NN edges_NNS :_: the_ATI wide_JJ ,_, sharply_RB cut_JJ F39 81 bevelling_NN surrounding_VBG F39 82 the_ATI rear_JJB edge_NN of_IN the_ATI profile_NN at_IN an_AT acute_JJ F39 82 angle_NN ._. ^ this_DT gave_VBD a_AT clear_JJ and_CC F39 83 life-like_JJ effect_NN to_IN the_ATI shadow_NN thrown_VBN upon_IN F39 83 the_ATI wall_NN ._. F39 84 ^ fireboards_NNS :_: these_DTS date_VB between_IN the_ATI 1750s_CDS F39 84 and_CC the_ATI 1790s_CDS ._. ^ they_PP3AS F39 85 measure_VB 3_CD to_IN 4_CD feet_NNS in_IN height_NN and_CC F39 85 enlivened_VBN hearth_NN interiors_NNS during_IN F39 86 summer_NN months_NNS when_WRB the_ATI burnished_JJ steel_NN portable_JJ F39 86 grate_NN ,_, fender_NN and_CC F39 87 fire-irons_NNS were_BED oiled_VBN and_CC laid_VBN away_RP until_IN F39 87 autumn_NN ._. ^ the_ATI chimney_NN was_BEDZ F39 88 closed_VBN and_CC the_ATI hearth_NN recess_NN cleaned_VBN of_IN its_PP$ F39 88 soot_NN and_CC made_VBN colourful_JJ F39 89 with_IN massive_JJ ornaments_NNS ,_, such_IN as_IN" lidded_JJ urns_NNS F39 89 in_IN porcelain_NN ,_, huge_JJ jars_NNS F39 90 displaying_VBG flowers_NNS and_CC foliage_NN ,_, or_CC terrestrial_JJ F39 90 globes_NNS ._. ^ dummy_NN board_NN F39 91 representations_NNS of_IN these_DTS might_MD be_BE used_VBN ,_, F39 91 particularly_RB vases_NNS of_IN flowers_NNS ._. F39 92 ^ alternatively_RB the_ATI entire_JJB fireplace_NN opening_NN might_MD F39 92 be_BE masked_VBN by_IN a_AT F39 93 fireboard_NN painted_VBN with_IN an_AT urn_NN overflowing_VBG with_IN F39 93 flowers_NNS ._. ^ as_IN yet_RB F39 94 another_DT alternative_NN small_JJ figures_NNS might_MD be_BE used_VBN F39 94 ,_, such_IN as_IN" matching_JJ F39 95 pairs_NNS of_IN costumed_JJ boys_NNS and_CC girls_NNS ,_, the_ATI F39 95 boys_NNS often_RB riding_VBG stick_NN F39 96 hobby-horses_NNS ._. ^ a_AT board_NN of_IN this_DT kind_NN might_MD F39 96 stand_VB upon_IN a_AT plinth_NN of_IN F39 97 mahogany_NN or_CC gilded_JJ beech_NN ,_, plain_JJ or_CC elaborately_RB F39 97 carved_VBN ,_, but_CC usually_RB the_ATI F39 98 lower_JJR edge_NN was_BEDZ set_VBN into_IN a_AT heavy_JJ block_NN of_IN F39 98 oak_NN about_RB 5_CD inches_NNS thick_JJ F39 99 which_WDTR might_MD be_BE carved_VBN or_CC japanned_VBN in_IN red_NN F39 99 ._. F39 100 ^ fire_NN screens_VBZ :_: dummy_NN board_NN pictures_NNS were_BED F39 100 originally_RB designed_VBN F39 101 for_IN this_DT purpose_NN :_: stout_JJ ,_, heavy_JJ articles_NNS F39 101 measuring_VBG up_RP to_IN 6_CD feet_NNS in_IN F39 102 height_NN and_CC cut_VBN from_IN 1_CD1 1/2_CD inch_NN oak_NN or_CC F39 102 pitch_NN pine_NN ,_, feather_NN edged_JJ ,_, set_VBN F39 103 in_IN weighty_JJ blocks_NNS enabling_VBG them_PP3OS to_TO stand_VB F39 103 upright_JJ without_IN assistance_NN ._. F39 104 ^ the_ATI heat_NN of_IN the_ATI fire_NN must_MD have_HV warped_VBN F39 104 the_ATI woods_NNS ,_, the_ATI table_NN joints_NNS F39 105 opened_VBD ,_, and_CC the_ATI oil_NN paint_NN flaked_VBD away_RP ._. F39 106 ^ Highlanders_NNPS :_: kilted_JJ Scotsmen_NNPS were_BED produced_VBN F39 106 in_IN large_JJ numbers_NNS F39 107 to_TO stand_VB as_IN trade_NN signs_NNS outside_IN the_ATI doors_NNS F39 107 of_IN tobacco_NN and_CC snuff_NN shops_NNS ._. F39 108 ^ lady_NN at_IN her_PP$ toilet_NN :_: this_DT series_NN appears_VBZ F39 108 to_TO be_BE the_ATI work_NN of_IN a_AT F39 109 single_JJ Georgian_JNP artist_NN ._. ^ they_PP3AS wear_VB early_JJ F39 109 seventeenth-century_JJB dress_NN ,_, F39 110 including_IN the_ATI period's_NN$ enveloping_JJ white_JJ apron_NN F39 110 bordered_VBN with_IN lace_NN ,_, and_CC F39 111 hold_VB hand_NN mirror_NN and_CC brush_NN to_TO dress_VB their_PP$ F39 111 waist-long_JJ hair_NN ._. (_( plate_NN F39 112 171A_CD ._. )_) F39 113 ^ outdoor_JJB figures_NNS :_: life-size_JJB figures_NNS so_RB F39 113 painted_VBN and_CC arranged_VBN F39 114 that_CS visitors_NNS unexpectedly_RB confronted_VBN with_IN them_PP3OS F39 114 were_BED startled_VBN into_IN F39 115 believing_VBG that_CS they_PP3AS were_BED living_JJ realities_NNS ._. ^ F39 115 red-coated_JJ soldiers_NNS stood_VBN F39 116 on_IN guard_NN in_IN mansion_NN porches_NNS ,_, on_IN hotel_NN F39 116 stairs_NNS ,_, in_IN tea_NN gardens_NNS and_CC F39 117 pleasure_NN grounds_NNS and_CC at_IN tavern_NN doorways_NNS ;_; F39 117 sailors_NNS standing_VBG ,_, or_CC dancing_VBG F39 118 the_ATI horn_NN pipe_NN ,_, were_BED favourites_NNS in_IN the_ATI F39 118 gardens_NNS of_IN waterside_NN taverns_NNS ._. F39 119 ^ country_NN innkeepers_NNS favoured_VBD dummies_NNS of_IN jugs_NNS F39 119 and_CC glasses_NNS ,_, or_CC dishes_NNS of_IN F39 120 onions_NNS ,_, radishes_NNS ,_, bread_NN and_CC cheese_NN ._. ^ F39 120 pedlars_NNS and_CC women_NNS hawkers_NNS were_BED F39 121 favourite_JJB outdoor_JJB figures_NNS early_RB in_IN the_ATI F39 121 nineteenth_OD century_NN ._. F39 122 ^ painting_VBG :_: the_ATI artists_NNS drew_VBD his_PP$ outline_NN F39 122 upon_IN a_AT smooth-surfaced_JJ F39 123 board_NN of_IN seasoned_JJ wood_NN ._. ^ at_RB first_RB" each_DT F39 123 was_BEDZ individually_RB designed_VBN ,_, but_CC F39 124 from_IN the_ATI 1760s_CDS templates_NNS might_MD be_BE used_VBN ._. ^ F39 124 the_ATI table_NN was_BEDZ then_RN sawn_VBN to_IN F39 125 shape_NN and_CC the_ATI edges_NNS sharply_RB bevelled_VBN ._. ^ two_CD F39 125 or_CC three_CD washes_NNS of_IN boiling_JJ F39 126 linseed_NN oil_NN were_BED then_RN applied_VBN ,_, followed_VBN by_IN F39 126 a_AT rubbing_NN down_RP with_IN F39 127 distemper_NN or_CC powdered_VBD white_JJ lead_NN mixed_VBN with_IN F39 127 parchment_NN paste_NN ._. ^ the_ATI F39 128 colours_NNS were_BED painted_VBN over_IN this_DT ,_, the_ATI F39 128 distemper_NN soaking_VBG up_RP excess_JJ oil_NN F39 129 and_CC thus_RB increasing_VBG the_ATI brilliance_NN of_IN the_ATI F39 129 paint_NN ._. ^ this_DT radiance_NN when_WRB F39 130 new_JJ was_BEDZ enhanced_VBN on_IN fine_JJ work_NN by_IN burnishing_NN F39 130 ,_, particularly_RB of_IN the_ATI gold_NN F39 131 and_CC reds_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI final_JJ result_NN was_BEDZ protected_VBN F39 131 with_IN varnish_NN ._. ^ unless_CS it_PP3 can_MD F39 132 be_BE seen_VBN that_CS this_DT process_NN was_BEDZ used_VBN ,_, a_AT F39 132 board_NN should_MD be_BE looked_VBN upon_IN with_IN F39 133 suspicion_NN ._. F39 134 ^ regency_NN :_: by_IN the_ATI nineteenth_OD century_NN dummy_NN F39 134 board_NN figures_NNS had_HVD F39 135 become_VBN less_QL showy_JJ ,_, typical_JJ examples_NNS including_VBG F39 135 women_NNS hawkers_NNS ,_, ballad_NN F39 136 singers_NNS ,_, pedlars_NNS ,_, organ_NN grinders_NNS with_IN F39 136 monkeys_NNS and_CC ,_, later_RBR ,_, knights_NNS in_IN F39 137 armour_NN ._. (_( plate_NN 172B_CD ._. )_) F39 138 ^ reproductions_NNS :_: these_DTS were_BED made_VBN in_IN the_ATI F39 138 mid-Victorian_JNP period_NN F39 139 and_CC again_RB in_IN the_ATI 1920s_CDS and_CC 1930s_CDS ,_, the_ATI F39 139 latter_AP often_RB costume_NN portraits_NNS F39 140 copied_VBN from_IN well-known_JJ paintings_NNS and_CC standing_VBG F39 140 with_IN the_ATI aid_NN of_IN hinged_JJ F39 141 brackets_NNS as_CS on_IN an_AT easel_NN ._. ^ these_DTS modern_JJ F39 141 dummies_NNS have_HV a_AT so-called_JJB F39 142 *'_*' antique_JJ finish_NN **'_**' to_TO simulate_VB age_NN ._. F39 143 ^ soldiers_NNS :_: these_DTS were_BED depicted_VBN in_IN the_ATI F39 143 uniform_NN worn_VBN by_IN F39 144 grenadiers_NNS of_IN the_ATI second_OD regiment_NN of_IN foot_NN F39 144 during_IN the_ATI reign_NN of_IN George_NP F39 145 1_CD1 ._. ^ an_AT eighteenth-century_JJB engraving_NN of_IN the_ATI F39 145 interior_NN of_IN the_ATI old_JJ F39 146 Chelsea_NP bun_NN House_NPL illustrates_VBZ a_AT pair_NN of_IN F39 146 grenadiers_NNS and_CC an_AT equestrian_JJ F39 147 dummy_NN board_NN ,_, displayed_VBN on_IN brackets_NNS above_IN the_ATI F39 147 doorway_NN ,_, each_DT throwing_VBG a_AT F39 148 shadow_NN on_IN the_ATI wall_NN ._. ^ pairs_NNS consisting_VBG of_IN F39 148 a_AT grenadier_NN and_CC a_AT housemaid_NN F39 149 have_HV been_BEN recorded_VBN ._. ^ these_DTS soldiers_NNS are_BER F39 149 about_RB 7_CD feet_NNS high_JJ with_IN F39 150 mitre-shaped_JJ hats_NNS about_RB 18_CD inches_NNS high_JJ ._. ^ F39 150 they_PP3AS are_BER always_RB found_VBN with_IN F39 151 their_PP$ feet_NNS 18_CD inches_NNS apart_RP ,_, then_RN the_ATI F39 151 attitude_NN of_IN attention_NN :_: the_ATI F39 152 *'_*' heels_NNS together_RB **'_**' position_NN dates_NNS from_IN F39 152 the_ATI time_NN of_IN the_ATI Prussian_JNP F39 153 influence_NN on_IN the_ATI English_JNP army_NN in_IN the_ATI 1750s_CDS F39 153 ._. ^ a_AT variety_NN of_IN red-coated_JJ F39 154 soldiers_NNS of_IN the_ATI late_JJ eighteenth_OD century_NN have_HV F39 154 been_BEN recorded_VBN ,_, many_AP of_IN F39 155 them_PP3OS in_IN the_ATI *'_*' stand_VB at_IN ease_NN **'_**' F39 155 position_NN ._. F39 156 ^ tables_NNS :_: the_ATI contemporaneous_JJ name_NN given_VBN to_IN F39 156 the_ATI boards_NNS F39 157 constructed_VBN from_IN tongued-and-grooved_JJB units_NNS joined_VBD F39 157 and_CC prepared_VBN ready_JJ F39 158 for_IN painting_NN ._. F39 159 ^ trade_NN card_NN :_: an_AT example_NN of_IN the_ATI 1760s_CDS F39 159 is_BEZ in_IN the_ATI Banks_NP F39 160 collection_NN ,_, British_JNP Museum_NPL ._. ^ this_DT was_BEDZ F39 160 issued_VBN by_IN John_NP Potts_NP ,_, the_ATI black_JJ F39 161 spread_JJ eagle_NN ,_, King_NPT Street_NPL ,_, Covent_NP Garden_NPL ,_, F39 161 London_NP ,_, and_CC illustrates_VBZ a_AT F39 162 dummy_NN board_NN figure_NN of_IN Elizabeth_NP 1_CD1 ,_, describing_VBG F39 162 such_ABL figures_NNS as_IN F39 163 *'_*' ornaments_NNS for_IN halls_NNS ,_, stair-cases_NNS and_CC F39 163 chimney_NN boards_NNS ._. ^ at_IN lowest_JJT F39 164 prices_NNS **'_**' ._. F39 165 ^ Victorian_JNP :_: in_IN addition_NN to_IN reproductions_NNS of_IN F39 165 Georgian_JNP types_NNS ,_, a_AT F39 166 series_NN was_BEDZ made_VBN with_IN the_ATI surface_NN carved_VBN in_IN F39 166 relief_NN and_CC painted_VBN ._. ^ these_DTS F39 167 were_BED mounted_VBN on_IN four-wheeled_JJ square_JJ pedestals_NNS F39 167 12_CD inches_NNS high_JJ ._. F39 168 ^ women_NNS with_IN brooms_NNS :_: this_DT was_BEDZ a_AT stock_NN F39 168 pattern_NN ._. ^ many_AP still_RB F39 169 remain_VB ,_, identical_JJ in_IN size_NN ,_, shape_NN and_CC pose_NN F39 169 ,_, always_RB wearing_VBG white_JJ or_CC F39 170 baize_JJ aprons_NNS ,_, but_CC with_IN varying_JJ faces_NNS and_CC F39 170 dress_NN details_NNS ._. ^ they_PP3AS are_BER F39 171 shown_VBN holding_VBG soft_JJ brooms_NNS ,_, the_ATI long_JJ F39 171 bristles_NNS bound_VBN to_IN a_AT round_JJ stock_NN F39 172 with_IN three_CD ornamental_JJ turned_JJ knops_NNS above_RI ._. ^ F39 172 they_PP3AS represent_VB ladies_NNS of_IN F39 173 the_ATI house_NN laudably_RB domesticated_VBN rather_RB than_IN F39 173 housemaids_NNS ._. ^ because_IN of_IN" F39 174 their_PP$ dress_NN such_ABL dummy_NN boards_NNS have_HV been_BEN F39 174 attributed_VBN to_IN the_ATI 1630s_CDS ._. ^ a_AT F39 175 more_QL reasonable_JJ attribution_NN is_BEZ to_IN the_ATI second_OD F39 175 half_NN of_IN the_ATI eighteenth_OD F39 176 century_NN ,_, dress_NN having_HVG been_BEN copied_VBN from_IN early_JJ F39 176 Stuart_NP sources_NNS (_( plate_NN F39 177 171B_CD ._. )_) F39 178 ^ jelly_NN moulds_NNS ._. F39 179 ^ by_IN Juliet_NP Sanford_NP ._. F39 180 ^ for_IN centuries_NNS jellies_NNS have_HV figured_VBN F39 180 importantly_RB among_IN F39 181 English_JNP desserts_NNS ,_, particularly_RB upon_IN festive_JJ F39 181 occasions_NNS ._. ^ at_IN the_ATI feast_NN F39 182 following_IN George_NP Neville's_NP$ installation_NN as_IN F39 182 Archbishop_NPT of_IN York_NP in_IN 1466_CD ,_, F39 183 the_ATI huge_JJ dessert_NN included_VBD *'_*' 3,000_CD parted_JJ (_( F39 183 particoloured_JJ )_) dishes_NNS of_IN F39 184 jelly_NN and_CC 4,000_CD plain_JJ dishes_NNS of_IN jelly_NN **'_**' ._. F39 184 ^ each_DT jelly_NN was_BEDZ tabled_VBN F39 185 individually_RB in_IN an_AT earthen_JJ jelly_NN pot_NN except_CS on_IN F39 185 the_ATI high_JJ table_NN where_WRB F39 186 silver_NN was_BEDZ used_VBN ._. F39 187 ^ immediately_RB after_IN the_ATI invention_NN of_IN flint-glass_NN F39 187 in_IN 1676_CD ,_, readers_NNS F39 188 of_IN the_ATI accomplisht_JJ cook_NN ,_, by_IN Robert_NP May_NP ,_, F39 188 1678_CD ,_, were_BED directed_VBN to_TO F39 189 *'_*' serve_VB jelly_NN run_VBN into_IN little_JJ round_JJ glasses_NNS F39 189 four_CD or_CC five_CD to_IN the_ATI F39 190 dish_NN **'_**' ._. ^ these_DTS were_BED plain_JJ footless_JJ bowls_NNS F39 190 with_IN folded_JJ lips_NNS and_CC were_BED F39 191 sold_VBN at_IN 1_CD1 \0s_NNU 6_CD \0d_NNU a_AT dozen_CD under_IN F39 191 the_ATI name_NN of_IN jelly_NN mortars_NNS ._. F39 192 ^ Georgian_JNP jellies_NNS were_BED served_VBN in_IN deep_JJ ,_, F39 192 cone-shaped_JJ glasses_NNS and_CC eaten_VBN F39 193 with_IN long_JJ small-bowled_JJ spoons_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI mid-morning_NN F39 193 snack_NN of_IN jelly_NN was_BEDZ F39 194 known_VBN as_IN *'_*' long_JJ spoon_NN and_CC jelly_NN **'_**' ._. ^ F39 194 early_RB in_IN the_ATI Georgian_JNP period_NN F39 195 individual_JJ moulds_NNS were_BED made_VBN in_IN white_JJ F39 195 salt-glazed_JJ stoneware_NN ._. F39 196 ^ large_JJ jelly_NN moulds_NNS were_BED unknown_JJ to_IN \0Mrs_NPT F39 196 Hannah_NP Glasse_NP whose_WP$R F39 197 complete_JJ confectioner_NN ,_, 1753_CD ,_, instructed_VBD her_PP$ F39 197 readers_NNS to_TO pour_VB jelly_NN F39 198 *'_*' into_IN what_WDT thing_NN you_PP2 please_VB to_TO shape_VB it_PP3 F39 198 in_IN and_CC when_WRB cold_JJ turn_VB it_PP3 out_RP ._. F39 199 ^ if_CS it_PP3 sticks_VBZ dip_VB your_PP$ basin_NN in_IN hot_JJ F39 199 water_NN **'_**' ._. F39 200 ^ moulds_NNS to_TO turn_VB out_RP jellies_NNS large_JJ enough_QLP F39 200 to_TO serve_VB several_AP F39 201 individual_JJ helpings_NNS appear_VB to_TO have_HV been_BEN F39 201 introduced_VBN by_IN Josiah_NP Wedgwood_NP F39 202 in_IN his_PP$ celebrated_JJ queen's_NN$ ware_NN ._. ^ in_IN the_ATI F39 202 nineteenth_OD century_NN these_DTS were_BED F39 203 accompanied_VBN by_IN moulds_NNS in_IN Britannia_NP metal_NN ,_, F39 203 copper_NN ,_, Bristol_NP stoneware_NN ,_, F39 204 and_CC flint_NN enamel_NN ware_NN ._. F39 205 ^ glossary_NN ._. F39 206 ^ Bristol_NP stoneware_NN :_: jelly_NN moulds_NNS were_BED not_XNOT F39 206 made_VBN in_IN brown_JJ F39 207 salt-glazed_JJ stoneware_NN as_CS its_PP$ granulated_JJ *'_*' orange_NN F39 207 peel_NN **'_**' surface_NN made_VBD F39 208 it_PP3 impossible_JJ to_TO turn_VB out_RP the_ATI jelly_NN ._. F40 2 ^ the_ATI world_NN of_IN science_NN ._. F40 3 ^ animals'_NNS$ deaf_JJ ears_NNS ._. F40 4 ^ by_IN Maurice_NP Burton_NP ,_, \0D.Sc_NPT ._. F40 5 ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ some_DTI years_NNS ago_RB since_CS I_PP1A first_RB F40 5 became_VBD interested_JJ in_IN the_ATI F40 6 possible_JJ effect_NN of_IN modern_JJ noises_NNS on_IN animals_NNS ._. ^ F40 6 I_PP1A started_VBD with_IN the_ATI F40 7 assumption_NN that_CS if_CS animals_NNS had_HVD more_QL sensitive_JJ F40 7 ears_NNS than_IN mine_PP$$ ,_, or_CC were_BED F40 8 as_QL allergic_JJ ,_, as_CS I_PP1A am_BEM ,_, to_IN the_ATI sounds_NNS F40 8 of_IN traffic_NN on_IN the_ATI roads_NNS ,_, there_EX F40 9 should_MD be_BE a_AT noticeable_JJ tendency_NN for_IN them_PP3OS to_TO F40 9 shun_VB the_ATI borders_NNS of_IN roads_NNS ._. F40 10 ^ it_PP3 soon_RB became_VBD apparent_JJ that_CS this_DT was_BEDZ F40 10 not_XNOT so_PN ,_, and_CC this_DT conclusion_NN is_BEZ F40 11 reinforced_VBN by_IN the_ATI abundance_NN of_IN hares_NNS on_IN F40 11 London_NP Airport_NPL ._. ^ there_RN ,_, people_NNS F40 12 put_VBD their_PP$ hands_NNS over_IN their_PP$ ears_NNS as_CS the_ATI F40 12 jet-planes_NNS go_VB out_RP ,_, but_CC the_ATI F40 13 hares_NNS are_BER to_IN all_ABN appearances_NNS unmoved_JJ ,_, F40 13 which_WDTR is_BEZ contrary_JJ to_IN what_WDT might_MD F40 14 have_HV been_BEN expected_VBN ._. F40 15 ^ during_IN the_ATI course_NN of_IN my_PP$ study_NN of_IN this_DT F40 15 problem_NN several_AP striking_JJ F40 16 points_NNS emerged_VBD ._. ^ the_ATI first_OD is_BEZ that_CS F40 16 although_CS the_ATI ears_NNS of_IN animals_NNS are_BER F40 17 often_RB more_QL acute_JJ than_IN ours_PP$$ ,_, and_CC their_PP$ F40 17 powers_NNS of_IN discrimination_NN seem_VB to_TO F40 18 be_BE higher_JJR ,_, they_PP3AS also_RB appear_VB to_TO be_BE less_RBR F40 18 bothered_VBN than_CS we_PP1AS are_BER by_IN a_AT F40 19 cacophony_NN ._. F40 20 ^ there_EX is_BEZ constantly_RB passing_VBG through_IN the_ATI F40 20 human_JJ brain_NN a_AT stream_NN of_IN F40 21 impulses_NNS we_PP1AS call_VB thoughts_NNS ._. ^ these_DTS are_BER F40 21 closely_RB linked_VBN to_IN everyday_JJB life_NN ,_, F40 22 are_BER built_VBN upon_IN experience_NN ,_, and_CC our_PP$ F40 22 experiences_NNS are_BER based_VBN largely_RB on_IN F40 23 sensations_NNS received_VBN through_IN the_ATI senses_NNS ,_, one_CD1 F40 23 of_IN which_WDTR is_BEZ hearing_NN ._. F40 24 ^ these_DTS experiences_NNS are_BER continually_RB being_BEG added_VBN F40 24 to_IN because_CS everything_PN F40 25 that_WPR impinges_VBZ on_IN our_PP$ senses_NNS is_BEZ meaningful_JJ ._. F40 25 ^ for_IN example_NN ,_, while_CS writing_VBG F40 26 these_DTS last_AP three_CD sentences_NNS I_PP1A have_HV heard_VBN a_AT F40 26 number_NN of_IN sounds_NNS ,_, each_DT of_IN F40 27 which_WDTR has_HVZ set_VBN up_RP a_AT train_NN of_IN thought_NN in_IN F40 27 my_PP$ mind_NN ._. ^ the_ATI church_NN clock_NN F40 28 striking_VBG the_ATI hour_NN reminds_VBZ me_PP1O that_CS I_PP1A must_MD F40 28 hurry_VB if_CS this_DT is_BEZ to_TO be_BE ready_JJ F40 29 on_IN time_NN for_IN the_ATI printer_NN ._. ^ it_PP3 reminds_VBZ F40 29 me_PP1O also_RB ,_, once_RB again_RB ,_, that_CS yet_RB F40 30 another_DT hour_NN has_HVZ gone_VBN on_IN the_ATI inexorable_JJ road_NN F40 30 to_IN eternity_NN ._. ^ these_DTS are_BER F40 31 two_CD ideas_NNS that_WPR could_MD never_RB enter_VB an_AT animal's_NN$ F40 31 head_NN on_IN hearing_VBG the_ATI sound_NN F40 32 of_IN a_AT clock_NN ._. F40 33 ^ within_IN the_ATI space_NN of_IN these_DTS few_AP seconds_NNS ,_, F40 33 also_RB ,_, there_EX has_HVZ been_BEN the_ATI F40 34 sound_NN of_IN a_AT telephone_NN bell_NN ,_, of_IN a_AT distant_JJ F40 34 motor-bicycle_NN and_CC of_IN a_AT dog_NN F40 35 barking_VBG ._. ^ each_DT has_HVZ been_BEN a_AT minor_JJ distraction_NN F40 35 ._. ^ the_ATI telephone_NN made_VBD me_PP1O F40 36 wonder_VB whether_CS I_PP1A need_MD drop_VB this_DT task_NN to_TO F40 36 answer_VB the_ATI call_NN and_CC with_IN it_PP3 F40 37 came_VBD a_AT tangle_NN of_IN thoughts_NNS that_WPR at_IN 11.30_CD F40 37 I_PP1A must_MD not_XNOT fail_VB to_TO telephone_VB F40 38 so-and-so_NN ,_, that_CS the_ATI telephone_NN is_BEZ a_AT nuisance_NN F40 38 but_CC what_WDT could_MD we_PP1AS do_DO F40 39 without_IN it_PP3 ,_, and_CC others_APS of_IN like_JJB nature_NN ._. ^ F40 39 the_ATI distant_JJ motor-cycle_NN caused_VBD F40 40 me_PP1O to_TO give_VB a_AT momentary_JJ reflection_NN on_IN the_ATI F40 40 calamity_NN of_IN road_NN accidents_NNS ._. F40 41 ^ the_ATI barking_JJ dog_NN made_VBD me_PP1O pause_VB to_TO find_VB F40 41 out_RP if_CS it_PP3 was_BEDZ one_CD1 of_IN my_PP$ own_AP F40 42 dogs_NNS barking_VBG ,_, and_CC if_CS so_PN for_IN what_WDT reason_NN F40 42 ._. F40 43 ^ by_IN contrast_NN with_IN our_PP$ continual_JJ alertness_NN to_IN F40 43 noises_NNS and_CC their_PP$ F40 44 meaning_NN it_PP3 is_BEZ possible_JJ at_IN times_NNS so_RB to_TO F40 44 lose_VB oneself_PPL in_IN preoccupation_NN as_CS F40 45 to_TO be_BE oblivious_JJ to_IN outside_JJB sounds_NNS ._. ^ F40 45 then_RN ,_, a_AT sudden_JJ noise_NN may_MD recall_VB us_PP1OS F40 46 with_IN a_AT mild_JJ or_CC even_RB a_AT violent_JJ shock_NN ._. ^ so_RB F40 46 throughout_IN our_PP$ waking_NN hours_NNS F40 47 we_PP1AS tend_VB to_TO alternate_VB between_IN an_AT awareness_NN of_IN F40 47 every_AT small_JJ sound_NN and_CC the_ATI F40 48 danger_NN of_IN shock_NN ,_, mild_JJ or_CC otherwise_RB ,_, through_IN F40 48 not_XNOT having_HVG been_BEN aware_JJ of_IN F40 49 them_PP3OS ._. F40 50 ^ whatever_WDT views_NNS we_PP1AS may_MD hold_VB about_IN how_WRB F40 50 far_RB the_ATI higher_JJR animals_NNS are_BER F40 51 able_JJ to_TO think_VB or_CC to_TO reason_VB ,_, there_EX can_MD F40 51 hardly_RB be_BE any_DTI doubt_NN that_CS they_PP3AS F40 52 are_BER not_XNOT affected_VBN by_IN sounds_NNS in_IN the_ATI same_AP F40 52 way_NN as_CS we_PP1AS are_BER ._. ^ they_PP3AS are_BER not_XNOT F40 53 distracted_VBN by_IN trivial_JJ sounds_NNS and_CC are_BER unlikely_JJ F40 53 to_TO be_BE off-guard_JJB as_IN a_AT F40 54 result_NN of_IN being_BEG lost_VBN in_IN their_PP$ thoughts_NNS ._. ^ F40 54 the_ATI best_JJT way_NN to_TO test_VB this_DT is_BEZ F40 55 by_IN direct_JJ observation_NN ._. ^ in_IN this_DT we_PP1AS can_MD F40 55 employ_VB indicators_NNS such_IN as_IN" the_ATI F40 56 way_NN the_ATI ears_NNS are_BER used_VBN as_CC well_CC" as_CC" the_ATI F40 56 animal's_NN$ moments_NNS of_IN alertness_NN ,_, F40 57 usually_RB with_IN a_AT tensing_NN of_IN the_ATI muscles_NNS ._. ^ F40 57 it_PP3 then_RN soon_RB becomes_VBZ apparent_JJ F40 58 that_CS an_AT animal_NN normally_RB pays_VBZ little_AP attention_NN F40 58 to_IN sounds_NNS that_WPR are_BER not_XNOT a_AT F40 59 cause_NN for_IN alarm_NN ,_, an_AT indication_NN of_IN a_AT source_NN F40 59 of_IN food_NN or_CC made_VBN by_IN a_AT member_NN F40 60 of_IN its_PP$ own_AP species_NN ._. F40 61 ^ where_WRB the_ATI air_NN is_BEZ free_JJ of_IN sounds_NNS made_VBN F40 61 by_IN machinery_NN it_PP3 may_MD be_BE F40 62 filled_VBN with_IN those_DTS made_VBN by_IN birds_NNS ,_, insects_NNS F40 62 ,_, rustling_JJ leaves_NNS and_CC other_AP F40 63 natural_JJ sounds_NNS ._. ^ it_PP3 can_MD be_BE alive_JJ with_IN F40 63 them_PP3OS ,_, yet_CC so_QL far_RB as_CS we_PP1AS can_MD tell_VB F40 64 an_AT animal_NN ignores_VBZ them_PP3OS all_ABN unless_CS one_CD1 or_CC F40 64 other_AP of_IN them_PP3OS has_HVZ a_AT special_JJ F40 65 significance_NN ._. ^ it_PP3 will_MD ,_, however_RB ,_, immediately_RB F40 65 react_VB to_IN any_DTI alarm_NN note_NN F40 66 or_CC a_AT note_NN of_IN aggression_NN ._. ^ to_TO put_VB it_PP3 F40 66 another_DT way_NN round_RP ,_, it_PP3 seems_VBZ to_TO be_BE F40 67 able_JJ to_TO shut_VB its_PP$ ears_NNS to_IN noise_NN in_RB general_RB" F40 67 yet_CC remain_VB on_IN the_ATI alert_NN for_IN F40 68 particular_JJ sounds_NNS which_WDTR by_IN tradition_NN or_CC F40 68 experience_NN compel_VB its_PP$ F40 69 reaction_NN ._. ^ we_PP1AS also_RB possess_VB this_DT faculty_NN ,_, F40 69 although_CS some_DTI have_HV it_PP3 more_RBR F40 70 than_IN others_APS ,_, but_CC it_PP3 seems_VBZ likely_JJ that_CS F40 70 animals_NNS can_MD ,_, and_CC habitually_RB do_DO ,_, F40 71 exploit_VB it_PP3 more_RBR than_IN men_NNS ,_, largely_RB because_CS F40 71 their_PP$ world_NN of_IN experience_NN F40 72 makes_VBZ fewer_AP demands_NNS on_IN their_PP$ senses_NNS ._. F40 73 ^ some_DTI animals_NNS have_HV a_AT pronounced_JJ ability_NN to_TO F40 73 turn_VB a_AT deaf_JJ ear_NN ._. ^ this_DT F40 74 is_BEZ difficult_JJ to_TO test_VB in_IN a_AT wild_JJ animal_NN F40 74 because_CS the_ATI mere_JJB presence_NN of_IN the_ATI F40 75 human_JJ observer_NN ,_, however_WRB well_RB hidden_VBN ,_, tends_VBZ F40 75 to_TO threaten_VB its_PP$ security_NN F40 76 and_CC put_VB it_PP3 on_IN the_ATI alert_NN ._. ^ domesticated_JJ F40 76 animals_NNS ,_, whose_WP$R security_NN is_BEZ F40 77 assured_VBN ,_, often_RB provide_VB outstanding_JJ examples_NNS of_IN F40 77 it_PP3 ._. ^ dogs_NNS and_CC donkeys_NNS F40 78 can_MD appear_VB to_TO be_BE stone-deaf_JJ ,_, ignoring_VBG all_ABN F40 78 words_NNS of_IN command_NN or_CC F40 79 entreaty_NN ,_, all_ABN persuasive_JJ or_CC cajoling_JJ sounds_NNS ,_, F40 79 but_CC responding_VBG instantly_RB F40 80 to_IN even_RB a_AT slight_JJ noise_NN suggestive_JJ of_IN something_PN F40 80 pleasurable_JJ ._. ^ a_AT dog_NN may_MD F40 81 lie_VB as_CS if_CS" in_IN a_AT trance_NN ,_, apparently_RB unhearing_JJ F40 81 ,_, yet_CC spring_VB to_IN action_NN at_IN F40 82 the_ATI slight_JJ metallic_JJ sound_NN of_IN its_PP$ lead_NN being_BEG F40 82 taken_VBN from_IN a_AT hook_NN or_CC the_ATI F40 83 faintly_RB whispered_JJ word_NN *'_*' walk_NC ._. **'_**' F40 84 ^ there_EX is_BEZ a_AT category_NN of_IN sounds_NNS ,_, however_RB F40 84 ,_, to_IN which_WDTR all_ABN the_ATI higher_JJR F40 85 animals_NNS at_RB least_RB" react_VB violently_RB ._. ^ these_DTS F40 85 are_BER the_ATI explosive_JJ sounds_NNS ._. ^ a_AT F40 86 car_NN backfiring_VBG will_MD send_VB the_ATI city_NN pigeons_NNS F40 86 flying_VBG ._. ^ one_CD1 theory_NN has_HVZ it_PP3 F40 87 that_CS because_CS they_PP3AS are_BER descended_VBN from_IN rock_NN F40 87 doves_NNS there_EX is_BEZ a_AT survival_NN F40 88 value_NN in_IN this_DT innate_JJ reaction_NN because_CS it_PP3 would_MD F40 88 have_HV made_VBN them_PP3OS fly_VB up_RP F40 89 at_IN the_ATI sound_NN of_IN a_AT fall_NN of_IN cliff_NN that_WPR F40 89 might_MD otherwise_RB engulf_VB them_PP3OS ._. ^ the_ATI F40 90 theory_NN has_HVZ many_AP weaknesses_NNS ._. ^ one_CD1 is_BEZ that_CS F40 90 many_AP kinds_NNS of_IN birds_NNS will_MD F40 91 react_VB in_IN the_ATI same_AP way_NN ._. ^ in_IN fact_NN ,_, it_PP3 F40 91 seems_VBZ reasonable_JJ to_TO say_VB that_CS the_ATI F40 92 explosive_JJ sound_NN creates_VBZ alarm_NN among_IN most_AP animals_NNS F40 92 with_IN ears_NNS ._. ^ there_EX may_MD F40 93 be_BE exceptions_NNS ,_, as_CS among_IN fishes_NNS or_CC frogs_NNS ,_, F40 93 but_CC it_PP3 seems_VBZ to_TO be_BE a_AT rule_NN F40 94 among_IN birds_NNS and_CC mammals_NNS ._. ^ it_PP3 probably_RB F40 94 created_VBD alarm_NN among_IN human_JJ beings_NNS F40 95 also_RB before_CS ever_RB gunpowder_NN or_CC \0TNT_NN were_BED F40 95 invented_VBN *-_*- the_ATI word_NN F40 96 *'_*' explode_NC ,_, **'_**' in_IN fact_NN ,_, antedates_VBZ their_PP$ F40 96 invention_NN ,_, and_CC in_IN modern_JJ but_CC F40 97 pre-nuclear_JJB warfare_NN the_ATI wear_NN on_IN the_ATI nerves_NNS F40 97 from_IN explosives_NNS was_BEDZ F40 98 probably_RB more_QL telling_JJ than_IN the_ATI casualties_NNS F40 98 inflicted_VBN by_IN the_ATI exploding_JJ F40 99 missiles_NNS ._. F40 100 ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ not_XNOT possible_JJ to_TO deal_VB in_IN more_AP F40 100 than_IN the_ATI broadest_JJT generalities_NNS F40 101 about_IN animals'_NNS$ reactions_NNS to_IN sounds_NNS because_CS F40 101 hearing_NN varies_VBZ widely_RB from_IN F40 102 one_CD1 species_NN to_IN another_DT ,_, as_CS does_DOZ the_ATI F40 102 structure_NN of_IN the_ATI ear_NN ._. ^ so_QL far_RB as_CS F40 103 the_ATI explosive_JJ sound_NN is_BEZ concerned_VBN there_EX are_BER F40 103 some_DTI animals_NNS that_WPR use_VB it_PP3 F40 104 themselves_PPLS ._. ^ a_AT dog_NN may_MD use_VB a_AT particularly_RB F40 104 explosive_JJ bark_NN to_IN another_DT F40 105 dog_NN under_IN certain_JJ circumstances_NNS ,_, and_CC the_ATI F40 105 effect_NN of_IN this_DT can_MD be_BE almost_RB F40 106 as_QL devastating_JJ as_CS the_ATI bursting_NN of_IN a_AT modern_JJ F40 106 projectile_NN on_IN the_ATI human_JJ ear_NN F40 107 or_CC the_ATI report_NN of_IN a_AT rifle_NN on_IN a_AT flock_NN of_IN F40 107 pigeons_NNS ._. F40 108 ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ necessary_JJ ,_, to_TO avoid_VB confusing_VBG F40 108 the_ATI issue_NN ,_, to_TO ignore_VB some_DTI of_IN F40 109 the_ATI extreme_JJ examples_NNS of_IN deleterious_JJ sounds_NNS ,_, F40 109 those_DTS that_WPR make_VB telephone_NN F40 110 operators_NNS faint_VB or_CC the_ATI jingling_NN of_IN a_AT bunch_NN F40 110 of_IN keys_NNS that_WPR sends_VBZ a_AT mouse_NN F40 111 into_IN something_PN approaching_VBG hysterics_NNS ._. ^ what_WDT F40 111 is_BEZ at_RB least_RB" as_QL interesting_JJ F40 112 is_BEZ the_ATI way_NN inventors_NNS seem_VB to_TO have_HV chosen_VBN F40 112 ,_, probably_RB intuitively_RB ,_, a_AT F40 113 combination_NN of_IN explosive_JJ and_CC aggressive_JJ sounds_NNS as_IN F40 113 warning_JJ signals_NNS to_TO F40 114 be_BE used_VBN on_IN automobiles_NNS ._. ^ apart_IN from_IN" the_ATI F40 114 purely_RB explosive_JJ sounds_NNS ,_, those_DTS F40 115 that_WPR stir_VB most_AP animals_NNS to_IN rapid_JJ action_NN are_BER F40 115 the_ATI snarls_NNS ,_, growls_NNS ,_, barks_NNS F40 116 or_CC long_RB drawn-out_JJ roars_NNS of_IN predators_NNS or_CC F40 116 rivals_NNS ._. ^ a_AT representative_JJ F40 117 series_NN of_IN sounds_NNS made_VBN by_IN motor-horns_NNS would_MD F40 117 approximate_VB fairly_RB closely_RB F40 118 to_IN the_ATI aggressive_JJ or_CC warning_JJ sounds_NNS made_VBN by_IN F40 118 wild_JJ beasts_NNS ._. F40 119 ^ one_CD1 important_JJ factor_NN in_IN the_ATI toleration_NN of_IN F40 119 noise_NN is_BEZ familiarity_NN ._. F40 120 ^ our_PP$ Victorian_JNP ancestors_NNS probably_RB found_VBD the_ATI F40 120 noises_NNS from_IN horse_NN traffic_NN F40 121 insufferable_JJ at_IN times_NNS and_CC at_IN an_AT earlier_JJR age_NN F40 121 it_PP3 may_MD be_BE that_CS the_ATI cry_NN of_IN F40 122 the_ATI night-watchman_NN was_BEDZ held_VBN to_TO be_BE a_AT F40 122 necessary_JJ but_CC excruciating_JJ F40 123 nuisance_NN ._. ^ each_DT generation_NN seems_VBZ to_TO be_BE able_JJ F40 123 to_TO bear_VB the_ATI noises_NNS it_PP3 F40 124 grows_VBZ up_RP with_IN and_CC to_TO abominate_VB the_ATI additional_JJ F40 124 noises_NNS that_WPR appear_VB F40 125 later_RBR ._. ^ generations_NNS of_IN hares_NNS succeed_VB each_PPLS F40 125 other_PPLS" with_IN far_RB greater_JJR F40 126 rapidity_NN than_IN generations_NNS of_IN humans_NNS ,_, and_CC the_ATI F40 126 hares_NNS of_IN London_NP Airport_NPL F40 127 have_HV probably_RB by_IN now_RN accepted_VBN the_ATI noise_NN of_IN F40 127 jet-planes_NNS as_IN part_NN of_IN their_PP$ F40 128 environment_NN ._. ^ they_PP3AS have_HV ,_, moreover_RB ,_, one_CD1 F40 128 great_JJ advantage_NN over_IN us_PP1OS ,_, and_CC F40 129 this_DT is_BEZ probably_RB one_CD1 of_IN the_ATI reasons_NNS why_WRB F40 129 mammals_NNS in_RB general_RB" can_MD put_VB up_RP F40 130 with_IN the_ATI noise_NN of_IN traffic_NN on_IN the_ATI roads_NNS ._. ^ F40 130 those_DTS that_WPR have_HV movable_JJ ears_NNS F40 131 can_MD not_XNOT only_RB turn_VB them_PP3OS in_IN the_ATI right_JJ F40 131 direction_NN to_TO pick_VB up_RP slight_JJ or_CC F40 132 distant_JJ sounds_NNS ,_, they_PP3AS can_MD also_RB turn_VB them_PP3OS F40 132 away_RP from_IN disagreeable_JJ F40 133 sounds_NNS *-_*- and_CC I_PP1A have_HV seen_VBN them_PP3OS do_DO so_PN F40 133 ._. F40 134 ^ the_ATI world_NN of_IN science_NN ._. F40 135 ^ coypu_NNS and_CC pest-control_NN ._. F40 136 ^ by_IN Maurice_NP Burton_NP ,_, \0D.Sc_NPT ._. F40 137 ^ the_ATI coypu_NN is_BEZ one_CD1 of_IN the_ATI animals_NNS F40 137 introduced_VBN into_IN this_DT F40 138 country_NN whose_WP$R residence_NN here_RN we_PP1AS are_BER F40 138 beginning_VBG to_TO regret_VB ._. ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ a_AT F40 139 large_JJ south_NR American_JNP rodent_NN ,_, rat-like_JJ although_CS F40 139 its_PP$ nearest_JJT relatives_NNS F40 140 are_BER the_ATI porcupines_NNS ,_, measuring_VBG over_RB a_AT yard_NN F40 140 long_RB to_IN the_ATI tip_NN of_IN the_ATI tail_NN F40 141 and_CC weighing_VBG up_RP to_IN 20_CD \0lb_NNU ._. ^ originally_RB F40 141 brought_VBN here_RN about_IN 1930_CD to_TO be_BE F40 142 farmed_VBN for_IN their_PP$ fur_NN ,_, which_WDTR is_BEZ known_VBN F40 142 as_IN nutria_NN ,_, the_ATI coypu_NNS began_VBD to_TO F40 143 escape_VB and_CC are_BER now_RN well_RB established_VBN in_IN the_ATI F40 143 countryside_NN ,_, notably_RB in_IN F40 144 East_NP Anglia_NP and_CC especially_RB on_IN the_ATI Norfolk_NP F40 144 Broads_NPLS ._. ^ at_RB first_RB" it_PP3 was_BEDZ F40 145 believed_VBN they_PP3AS did_DOD not_XNOT constitute_VB a_AT nuisance_NN F40 145 but_CC opinion_NN has_HVZ now_RN turned_VBN F40 146 against_IN them_PP3OS ._. ^ last_AP week_NN it_PP3 was_BEDZ F40 146 reported_VBN that_CS the_ATI suggestion_NN had_HVD been_BEN F40 147 put_VBN forward_RB to_TO use_VB the_ATI coypu_NNS to_TO combat_VB F40 147 another_DT nuisance_NN ._. F40 148 ^ the_ATI Kariba_NP Lake_NPL ,_, formed_VBN when_WRB the_ATI F40 148 Kariba_NP dam_NN was_BEDZ completed_VBN ,_, has_HVZ F40 149 become_VBN infested_VBN with_IN a_AT water_NN plant_NN ,_, one_CD1 F40 149 that_WPR grows_VBZ at_IN an_AT alarming_JJ rate_NN F40 150 and_CC threatens_VBZ to_TO damage_VB the_ATI special_JJ intakes_NNS F40 150 at_IN the_ATI dam_NN ._. ^ the_ATI menace_NN F40 151 from_IN the_ATI plant_NN is_BEZ serious_JJ enough_QLP to_TO merit_VB F40 151 almost_RB any_DTI suggestion_NN aimed_VBN F40 152 at_IN controlling_VBG it_PP3 ,_, and_CC this_DT one_CD1 ,_, put_VBN F40 152 forward_RB by_IN \0Mr_NPT George_NP Atkinson_NP F40 153 of_IN Lowestoft_NP ,_, is_BEZ brilliant_JJ in_IN its_PP$ simplicity_NN F40 153 ._. ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ that_CS some_DTI of_IN the_ATI F40 154 coypu_NNS in_IN East_NP Anglia_NP ,_, estimated_VBN at_IN a_AT F40 154 quarter_NN of_IN a_AT million_CD ,_, should_MD be_BE F40 155 trapped_VBN and_CC exported_VBN to_IN Kariba_NP Lake_NPL to_TO feed_VB F40 155 on_IN the_ATI menacing_JJ weed_NN ._. F40 156 ^ were_BED such_ABL a_AT plan_NN to_TO be_BE shown_VBN to_TO be_BE F40 156 successful_JJ it_PP3 would_MD contain_VB the_ATI F40 157 perfect_JJ form_NN of_IN biological_JJ control_NN ,_, using_VBG one_CD1 F40 157 nuisance_NN to_TO combat_VB F40 158 another_DT ._. F40 159 ^ throughout_IN the_ATI world_NN animals_NNS and_CC plants_NNS F40 159 have_HV been_BEN transported_VBN ,_, F40 160 either_DTX accidentally_RB or_CC deliberately_RB ,_, from_IN one_CD1 F40 160 continent_NN to_IN another_DT ._. F40 161 ^ in_IN some_DTI the_ATI results_NNS have_HV been_BEN beneficial_JJ ,_, F40 161 in_IN a_AP few_AP" they_PP3AS have_HV been_BEN F40 162 harmless_JJ but_CC in_IN far_RB too_QL many_AP they_PP3AS have_HV F40 162 been_BEN disastrous_JJ ,_, so_CS that_CS" to-day_NR F40 163 one_CD1 looks_VBZ at_IN any_DTI further_JJB plan_NN to_TO introduce_VB F40 163 animals_NNS into_IN an_AT alien_JJ F40 164 environment_NN with_IN caution_NN if_CS not_XNOT deep_JJ suspicion_NN F40 164 ._. ^ the_ATI first_OD question_NN F40 165 one_CD1 needs_VBZ to_TO ask_VB is_BEZ whether_CS the_ATI coypu_NN F40 165 would_MD eat_VB this_DT particular_JJ weed_NN F40 166 and_CC in_IN sufficient_JJ quantity_NN to_TO counterbalance_VB its_PP$ F40 166 own_AP remarkable_JJ powers_NNS F40 167 of_IN multiplication_NN ._. F40 168 ^ the_ATI most_QL obvious_JJ comment_NN to_TO make_VB is_BEZ that_CS F40 168 there_EX are_BER remarkably_RB few_AP F40 169 animals_NNS ,_, outside_IN the_ATI insects_NNS ,_, that_WPR feed_VB F40 169 exclusively_RB on_IN one_CD1 item_NN of_IN F40 170 diet_NN ._. ^ the_ATI koala_NN feeds_VBZ on_IN nothing_PN but_IN F40 170 eucalyptus_NN leaves_NNS and_CC is_BEZ always_RB F40 171 quoted_VBN as_IN a_AT striking_JJ and_CC exceptional_JJ example_NN F40 171 of_IN an_AT animal_NN with_IN a_AT F40 172 restricted_JJ diet_NN ._. ^ most_AP animals_NNS like_VB variety_NN F40 172 in_IN their_PP$ food_NN ,_, and_CC this_DT is_BEZ F40 173 especially_RB true_JJ of_IN rodents_NNS ._. ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ highly_RB F40 173 important_JJ ,_, therefore_RB to_TO know_VB F40 174 something_PN of_IN the_ATI diet_NN of_IN the_ATI coypu_NN ._. F40 175 ^ there_EX are_BER ,_, on_IN my_PP$ shelves_NNS ,_, a_AT score_NN F40 175 of_IN authoritative_JJ works_NNS on_IN F40 176 mammals_NNS ,_, and_CC it_PP3 is_BEZ noteworthy_JJ that_CS although_CS F40 176 they_PP3AS all_ABN contain_VB at_RB least_RB" F40 177 one_CD1 reference_NN to_IN the_ATI coypu_NN most_AP of_IN them_PP3OS F40 177 make_VB no_ATI mention_NN at_IN all_ABN of_IN its_PP$ F40 178 diet_NN ._. ^ a_AP few_AP" state_VB that_CS its_PP$ food_NN is_BEZ F40 178 green_JJ vegetation_NN ,_, or_CC just_RB F40 179 *'_*' vegetation_NN ,_, **'_**' or_CC say_VB that_CS it_PP3 feeds_VBZ F40 179 on_IN water_NN plants_NNS ._. ^ for_IN our_PP$ F40 180 present_JJ purpose_NN none_PN of_IN these_DTS is_BEZ satisfactory_JJ F40 180 ._. ^ water_NN plants_NNS range_VB F40 181 from_IN the_ATI wholly_RB aquatic_JJ ,_, like_IN water_NN lilies_NNS F40 181 ,_, and_CC such_ABL plants_NNS are_BER F40 182 usually_RB soft_JJ ,_, to_IN waterside_NN plants_NNS which_WDTR are_BER F40 182 usually_RB tough_JJ and_CC fibrous_JJ ._. F41 2 ^ thus_RB it_PP3 is_BEZ clear_JJ that_CS the_ATI predominant_JJ F41 2 organization_NN ,_, F41 3 particularly_RB in_IN the_ATI distribution_NN of_IN manufactured_JJ F41 3 goods_NNS ,_, is_BEZ the_ATI F41 4 wholesale_JJB merchant_NN who_WPR carries_VBZ stocks_NNS ._. ^ in_IN F41 4 some_DTI trades_NNS *-_*- \0e.g_RB ,_, F41 5 hardware_NN *-_*- he_PP3A is_BEZ known_VBN as_IN a_AT factor_NN ._. ^ F41 5 besides_IN owning_VBG and_CC warehousing_VBG F41 6 the_ATI goods_NNS ,_, the_ATI wholesaler_NN may_MD process_VB F41 6 them_PP3OS in_IN some_DTI way_NN ._. ^ this_DT is_BEZ F41 7 chiefly_RB the_ATI case_NN with_IN agricultural_JJ products_NNS ._. ^ F41 7 a_AT tea_NN merchant_NN blends_NNS F41 8 and_CC packets_NNS tea_NN ;_; a_AT seeds_NNS merchant_NN cleans_VBZ F41 8 and_CC sorts_VBZ seeds_NNS obtained_VBN from_IN F41 9 growers_NNS ._. ^ not_XNOT all_ABN intermediaries_NNS (_( whether_CS F41 9 merchants_NNS or_CC agents_NNS )_) F41 10 actually_RB handle_VB the_ATI merchandise_NN in_IN which_WDTR F41 10 they_PP3AS deal_VB ;_; they_PP3AS may_MD merely_RB F41 11 provide_VB a_AT link_NN between_IN a_AT source_NN of_IN supply_NN F41 11 and_CC the_ATI demand_NN for_IN it_PP3 ._. F41 12 ^ the_ATI performance_NN of_IN the_ATI wholesale_JJB merchant's_NN$ F41 12 true_JJ functions_NNS (_( which_WDTR F41 13 may_MD include_VB such_ABL services_NNS to_IN retailers_NNS as_IN F41 13 communications_NNS ,_, selection_NN ,_, F41 14 stockholding_NN ,_, credit_NN facilities_NNS ,_, and_CC F41 14 transportation_NN )_) requires_VBZ a_AT heavy_JJ F41 15 capital_NN outlay_NN ._. ^ only_RB by_IN operating_VBG on_IN a_AT F41 15 large_JJ scale_NN can_MD the_ATI large_JJ F41 16 overhead_JJB costs_NNS be_BE absorbed_VBN in_IN the_ATI turnover_NN ,_, F41 16 so_TO as_TO" to_TO" produce_VB a_AT F41 17 reasonable_JJ net_JJB profit_NN ._. ^ consequently_RB it_PP3 is_BEZ F41 17 not_XNOT surprising_JJ that_CS the_ATI F41 18 1950_CD census_NN showed_VBD that_CS over_RB four-fifths_CDS of_IN F41 18 the_ATI trade_NN of_IN merchants_NNS was_BEDZ F41 19 handled_VBN by_IN wholesalers_NNS each_DT with_IN an_AT annual_JJ F41 19 turnover_NN of_IN over_RB *+100,000_NNU ._. F41 20 ^ though_CS in_IN discussing_VBG wholesalers_NNS we_PP1AS F41 20 generally_RB assume_VB that_CS the_ATI F41 21 function_NN will_MD be_BE carried_VBN out_RP by_IN a_AT single_JJ F41 21 firm_NN ,_, this_DT need_MD not_XNOT be_BE so_PN ._. F41 22 ^ the_ATI task_NN may_MD be_BE split_VBN up_RP between_IN two_CD or_CC F41 22 even_RB more_AP intermediaries_NNS ._. ^ in_IN F41 23 some_DTI trades_NNS ,_, particularly_RB horticultural_JJ products_NNS F41 23 and_CC fish_NNS ,_, a_AT system_NN of_IN F41 24 primary_JJ and_CC secondary_JJ wholesalers_NNS often_RB exists_VBZ ._. ^ F41 24 the_ATI former_AP is_BEZ F41 25 essentially_RB a_AT collecting_JJ organization_NN ,_, though_CS he_PP3A F41 25 may_MD also_RB process_VB ,_, F41 26 grade_VB ,_, or_CC pack_NN before_IN reselling_VBG in_IN bulk_NN to_IN F41 26 the_ATI secondary_JJ wholesaler_NN ,_, F41 27 who_WPR performs_VBZ all_ABN the_ATI other_AP services_NNS normally_RB F41 27 associated_VBN with_IN F41 28 wholesaling_NN ._. F41 29 ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ convenient_JJ to_TO classify_VB wholesale_JJB F41 29 merchants_NNS ,_, according_IN to_IN" F41 30 the_ATI extent_NN of_IN the_ATI sales_NNS territory_NN covered_VBN F41 30 by_IN the_ATI business_NN ._. ^ thus_RB many_AP F41 31 of_IN the_ATI larger_JJR firms_NNS are_BER national_JJ wholesalers_NNS F41 31 ,_, distributing_VBG goods_NNS to_IN F41 32 every_AT part_NN of_IN the_ATI country_NN ._. ^ they_PP3AS carry_VB F41 32 large_JJ stocks_NNS ,_, and_CC often_RB have_HV F41 33 their_PP$ own_AP brands_NNS ,_, and_CC operate_VB a_AT comprehensive_JJ F41 33 delivery_NN service_NN over_IN a_AT F41 34 wide_JJ area_NN ._. ^ a_AT second_OD class_NN covers_VBZ only_RB F41 34 specific_JJ parts_NNS or_CC regions_NNS of_IN F41 35 the_ATI country_NN *-_*- perhaps_RB northern_JJ England_NP or_CC F41 35 Scotland_NP ._. ^ the_ATI local_JJ F41 36 wholesaler_NN confines_VBZ his_PP$ custom_NN to_IN a_AT much_RB F41 36 smaller_JJR area_NN *-_*- often_RB a_AT radius_NN F41 37 of_IN a_AP few_AP" miles_NNS from_IN his_PP$ warehouse_NN ._. ^ the_ATI F41 37 local_JJ and_CC regional_JJ wholesalers_NNS F41 38 usually_RB offer_VB a_AT more_QL restricted_JJ service_NN as_CS F41 38 compared_VBN with_IN the_ATI national_JJ F41 39 wholesaler_NN ._. ^ some_DTI wholesalers_NNS have_HV a_AT number_NN F41 39 of_IN branches_NNS or_CC stock-rooms_NNS F41 40 up_IN and_CC down_IN the_ATI country_NN ._. F41 41 ^ general_JJ and_CC specialist_JJ wholesalers_NNS ._. F41 42 ^ wholesalers_NNS may_MD also_RB be_BE classified_VBN according_IN F41 42 to_IN" the_ATI range_NN of_IN F41 43 stock_NN carried_VBN ._. ^ though_CS generally_RB they_PP3AS F41 43 specialize_VB in_IN one_CD1 group_NN of_IN F41 44 commodities_NNS ,_, there_EX is_BEZ considerable_JJ variation_NN in_IN F41 44 the_ATI extent_NN of_IN this_DT F41 45 specialization_NN ._. F41 46 ^ perhaps_RB the_ATI most_QL important_JJ section_NN of_IN the_ATI F41 46 wholesale_JJB trade_NN ,_, both_ABX F41 47 in_IN terms_NNS of_IN numbers_NNS of_IN firms_NNS and_CC turnover_NN F41 47 ,_, is_BEZ that_DT of_IN the_ATI general_JJ F41 48 wholesalers_NNS ._. ^ they_PP3AS are_BER analogous_JJ to_IN F41 48 department_NN stores_NNS ,_, as_CS there_EX are_BER a_AT F41 49 number_NN of_IN departments_NNS (_( frequently_RB twenty_CD to_IN F41 49 twenty-five_CD )_) selling_VBG a_AT F41 50 wide_JJ range_NN of_IN rather_RB unrelated_JJ commodities_NNS ,_, F41 50 with_IN an_AT extensive_JJ choice_NN F41 51 within_IN each_DT commodity_NN group_NN ._. ^ such_ABL firms_NNS may_MD F41 51 employ_VB five_CD hundred_CD or_CC F41 52 more_AP *'_*' inside_JJB staff_NN **'_**' and_CC up_RP to_IN one_CD1 F41 52 hundred_CD travellers_NNS ._. ^ most_AP general_JJ F41 53 wholesalers_NNS occupy_VB large_JJ buildings_NNS in_IN the_ATI F41 53 central_JJ areas_NNS of_IN cities_NNS ,_, and_CC F41 54 also_RB normally_RB have_HV branches_NNS or_CC stock-rooms_NNS F41 54 strategically_RB situated_VBN in_IN F41 55 other_AP large_JJ towns_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI main_JJB attraction_NN of_IN F41 55 the_ATI general_JJ wholesaler_NN is_BEZ ,_, F41 56 of_RB course_RB" ,_, the_ATI ability_NN to_TO bring_VB together_RB F41 56 for_IN the_ATI convenience_NN of_IN the_ATI F41 57 retailer_NN a_AT wide_JJ range_NN of_IN merchandise_NN under_IN one_CD1 F41 57 roof_NN ._. F41 58 ^ for_IN a_AT number_NN of_IN years_NNS the_ATI general_JJ house_NN F41 58 has_HVZ tended_VBN to_TO concentrate_VB F41 59 attention_NN on_IN a_AT related_JJ group_NN of_IN commodities_NNS ._. ^ F41 59 when_WRB this_DT specialization_NN F41 60 is_BEZ carried_VBN a_AT stage_NN farther_RBR the_ATI wholesaler_NN F41 60 becomes_VBZ a_AT specialist_JJ house_NN ._. F41 61 ^ the_ATI term_NN ,_, in_IN fact_NN ,_, may_MD imply_VB anything_PN F41 61 from_IN a_AT wholesaler_NN carrying_VBG one_CD1 F41 62 commodity_NN group_NN to_IN one_CD1 with_IN several_AP hundred_CD ,_, F41 62 the_ATI emphasis_NN being_BEG on_IN the_ATI F41 63 similarity_NN of_IN commodities_NNS rather_RB than_CS on_IN their_PP$ F41 63 number_NN ._. ^ the_ATI specialist_JJ F41 64 house_NN is_BEZ usually_RB of_IN moderate_JJ size_NN *-_*- in_IN F41 64 the_ATI textile_NN trade_NN ,_, for_IN example_NN ,_, F41 65 having_HVG five_CD or_CC six_CD departments_NNS ._. ^ millinery_NN ,_, F41 65 piece-goods_NNS ,_, lace_NN ,_, and_CC F41 66 children's_NNS$ wear_NN seem_VB particularly_RB suited_VBN for_IN F41 66 this_DT treatment_NN ,_, and_CC in_IN F41 67 extreme_JJ cases_NNS specialists_NNS deal_VB in_IN only_RB a_AP few_AP" F41 67 articles_NNS ,_, particularly_RB if_CS F41 68 they_PP3AS become_VB sole_JJB distributing_JJ agents_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI F41 68 development_NN of_IN the_ATI F41 69 specialist_NN is_BEZ partly_RB the_ATI result_NN of_IN manufacturer_NN F41 69 pressure_NN for_IN more_QL F41 70 concentrated_JJ selling_NN ,_, and_CC partly_RB through_IN his_PP$ F41 70 ability_NN to_TO become_VB an_AT F41 71 authority_NN on_IN quality_NN and_CC value_NN in_IN his_PP$ F41 71 particular_JJ line_NN of_IN business_NN ._. F41 72 ^ cash-and-carry_JJB wholesalers_NNS ._. F41 73 ^ this_DT form_NN eliminates_VBZ a_AT number_NN of_IN operations_NNS F41 73 traditionally_RB F41 74 associated_VBN with_IN wholesaling_NN in_IN return_NN for_IN lower_JJR F41 74 prices_NNS ._. ^ there_EX are_BER no_ATI F41 75 credit_NN facilities_NNS or_CC delivery_NN services_NNS available_JJ F41 75 ,_, and_CC there_EX is_BEZ rarely_RB F41 76 any_DTI outside_JJB selling_NN ._. ^ such_ABL F41 76 wholesalers_NNS are_BER chiefly_RB found_VBN in_IN sections_NNS F41 77 of_IN the_ATI food_NN trade_NN ,_, household_NN goods_NNS ,_, toys_NNS F41 77 ,_, and_CC *'_*' market_NN lines_NNS **'_**' (_( very_QL F41 78 cheap_JJ merchandise_NN for_IN street_NN markets_NNS )_) *-_*- F41 78 wherever_WRB a_AT commodity_NN has_HVZ a_AT F41 79 high_JJ rate_NN of_IN stock-turn_JJB potential_NN ._. ^ F41 79 cash-and-carry_JJB wholesalers_NNS are_BER F41 80 likely_JJ to_TO increase_VB in_IN number_NN ._. F41 81 ^ agents_NNS ,_, brokers_NNS ,_, and_CC other_AP small_JJ F41 81 wholesalers_NNS ._. F41 82 ^ there_EX are_BER many_AP small_JJ firms_NNS ,_, trading_VBG F41 82 under_IN various_JJ titles_NNS ,_, F41 83 which_WDTR ,_, though_CS they_PP3AS may_MD acquire_VB title_NN to_IN F41 83 the_ATI goods_NNS they_PP3AS sell_VB ,_, either_DTX F41 84 never_RB actually_RB hold_VB them_PP3OS or_CC ,_, if_CS they_PP3AS F41 84 do_DO so_PN ,_, only_RB transfer_VB them_PP3OS without_IN F41 85 further_JJB processing_NN or_CC servicing_NN ._. ^ in_IN the_ATI F41 85 building_NN trade_NN such_ABL a_AT trader_NN F41 86 is_BEZ picturesquely_RB described_VBN as_IN a_AT *'_*' brass_NN F41 86 plate_NN **'_**' merchant_NN ,_, and_CC a_AT F41 87 similar_JJ type_NN of_IN intermediary_NN appears_VBZ in_IN the_ATI F41 87 clothing_NN trade_NN ,_, where_WRB he_PP3A F41 88 sometimes_RB acts_VBZ as_IN a_AT speculator_NN entering_NN and_CC F41 88 leaving_VBG the_ATI trade_NN F41 89 according_IN to_IN" the_ATI market_NN ._. F41 90 ^ the_ATI commission_NN merchant_NN ,_, as_CS he_PP3A is_BEZ F41 90 sometimes_RB called_VBN ,_, operates_VBZ F41 91 without_IN stock_NN (_( and_CC frequently_RB on_IN credit_NN )_) ,_, F41 91 selling_VBG entirely_RB from_IN F41 92 manufacturers'_NNS$ samples_NNS and_CC placing_VBG orders_NNS only_RB F41 92 sufficient_JJ to_TO cover_VB his_PP$ F41 93 sales_NNS ._. F41 94 ^ on_IN the_ATI other_AP hand_NN ,_, the_ATI manufacturer's_NN$ F41 94 agent_NN carries_VBZ out_RP functions_NNS F41 95 similar_JJ to_IN those_DTS of_IN the_ATI wholesaler's_NN$ F41 95 representative_NN ,_, but_CC ,_, unlike_IN the_ATI F41 96 latter_AP ,_, he_PP3A is_BEZ self-employed_JJ ,_, and_CC is_BEZ F41 96 remunerated_VBN by_IN a_AT service_NN fee_NN ,_, or_CC ,_, F41 97 more_QL usually_RB ,_, by_IN a_AT percentage_NN commission_NN on_IN F41 97 all_ABN sales_NNS made_VBN ._. ^ the_ATI agent_NN F41 98 is_BEZ usually_RB given_VBN the_ATI sole_JJB rights_NNS in_IN his_PP$ F41 98 particular_JJ area_NN ._. ^ agents_NNS are_BER F41 99 primarily_RB used_VBN in_IN selling_VBG to_IN wholesalers_NNS or_CC F41 99 to_IN central_JJ offices_NNS of_IN F41 100 chains_NNS of_IN shops_NNS ._. ^ they_PP3AS enable_VB a_AT F41 100 manufacturer_NN to_TO be_BE permanently_RB F41 101 represented_VBN in_IN these_DTS areas_NNS by_IN people_NNS familiar_JJ F41 101 with_IN business_NN conditions_NNS F41 102 there_RN ,_, and_CC they_PP3AS save_VB him_PP3O the_ATI expense_NN F41 102 of_IN establishing_VBG branches_NNS ._. F41 103 ^ co-operative_JJ wholesaling_NN ._. F41 104 ^ by_IN far_RB the_ATI largest_JJT units_NNS in_IN the_ATI F41 104 wholesale_JJB trade_NN are_BER the_ATI F41 105 co-operative_JJ wholesalers_NNS ._. ^ there_EX are_BER two_CD main_JJB F41 105 societies_NNS ,_, for_IN England_NP F41 106 and_CC Scotland_NP respectively_RB ,_, and_CC they_PP3AS exist_VB to_TO F41 106 serve_VB the_ATI many_AP retail_NN F41 107 co-operatives_NNS ,_, which_WDTR provide_VB nearly_RB all_ABN the_ATI F41 107 capital_NN and_CC exercise_VB F41 108 control_NN ._. ^ in_IN return_NN the_ATI local_JJ societies_NNS F41 108 receive_VB dividends_NNS on_IN their_PP$ F41 109 purchases_NNS ._. F41 110 ^ the_ATI co-operative_JJ wholesale_JJB society_NN ,_, with_IN F41 110 headquarters_NN in_IN F41 111 Manchester_NP and_CC four_CD big_JJ branch_NN depots_NNS ,_, has_HVZ F41 111 been_BEN in_IN existence_NN for_IN F41 112 nearly_RB a_AT century_NN ._. ^ the_ATI Scottish_JNP *'_*' wholesale_NN F41 112 **'_**' was_BEDZ formed_VBN shortly_RB F41 113 after_RI ._. ^ these_DTS two_CD societies_NNS have_HV established_VBN F41 113 their_PP$ own_AP factories_NNS ,_, F41 114 producing_VBG goods_NNS in_IN 1957_CD worth_IN just_RB over_RB F41 114 *+160_NNU \0m_CD ,_, chiefly_RB for_IN F41 115 producing_VBG foodstuffs_NNS and_CC household_NN goods_NNS ._. ^ F41 115 the_ATI \0C.W.S_NP owns_VBZ F41 116 ships_NNS ,_, farms_NNS ,_, and_CC plantations_NNS ,_, transacts_VBZ F41 116 considerable_JJ banking_NN F41 117 business_NN ,_, and_CC shares_VBZ with_IN its_PP$ Scottish_JNP F41 117 counterpart_NN the_ATI control_NN of_IN the_ATI F41 118 co-operative_JJ insurance_NN society_NN ._. ^ the_ATI two_CD F41 118 societies_NNS also_RB own_VB and_CC F41 119 control_VB the_ATI English_JNP and_CC Scottish_JNP joint_JJB F41 119 \0C.W.S._NP ,_, which_WDTR F41 120 performs_VBZ the_ATI special_JJ services_NNS of_IN tea-_JJB and_CC F41 120 coffee-blending_NN and_CC cocoa_NN F41 121 and_CC chocolate_NN production_NN for_IN them_PP3OS ._. F41 122 ^ in_IN 1938_CD one-tenth_CD of_IN all_ABN Britain's_NP$ imports_NNS F41 122 of_IN food_NN reached_VBD F41 123 housewives_NNS by_IN way_NN of_IN the_ATI \0C.W.S_NP ,_, and_CC more_AP F41 123 than_IN half_ABN of_IN the_ATI F41 124 goods_NNS was_BEDZ purchased_VBN direct_RB from_IN the_ATI overseas_JJB F41 124 markets_NNS by_IN the_ATI buying_NN F41 125 organization_NN of_IN the_ATI society_NN ,_, which_WDTR has_HVZ F41 125 depots_NNS in_IN many_AP countries_NNS ._. F41 126 ^ the_ATI \0C.W.S_NP is_BEZ controlled_VBN by_IN an_AT elected_JJ F41 126 board_NN of_IN F41 127 directors_NNS of_IN twenty-eight_CD ,_, seven_CD of_IN whom_WPOR F41 127 retire_VB annually_RB ._. ^ all_ABN are_BER F41 128 full-time_JJB salaried_JJ officials_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI board_NN F41 128 meets_VBZ weekly_RB in_IN Manchester_NP ,_, F41 129 London_NP ,_, or_CC Newcastle_NP ._. ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ one_CD1 of_IN F41 129 Britain's_NP$ biggest_JJT businesses_NNS ,_, F41 130 since_CS over_RB three-fifths_CDS of_IN the_ATI goods_NNS sold_VBN F41 130 by_IN retail_NN societies_NNS are_BER F41 131 obtained_VBN through_IN the_ATI \0C.W.S_NP ,_, and_CC its_PP$ F41 131 turnover_NN in_IN 1957_CD F41 132 amounted_VBD to_IN about_RB *+454_NNU \0m_CD F41 133 ._. ^ wholesaling_NN and_CC integration_NN ._. F41 134 ^ one_CD1 of_IN the_ATI most_QL important_JJ trends_NNS in_IN F41 134 distribution_NN in_IN the_ATI F41 135 twentieth_OD century_NN has_HVZ been_BEN the_ATI increasing_JJ F41 135 desire_NN of_IN manufacturers_NNS to_TO F41 136 control_VB the_ATI wholesaling_NN functions_NNS themselves_PPLS ._. ^ F41 136 this_DT they_PP3AS have_HV usually_RB F41 137 achieved_VBN by_IN establishing_VBG their_PP$ own_AP wholesale_JJB F41 137 department_NN and_CC depots_NNS F41 138 where_WRB necessary_JJ ,_, though_CS occasionally_RB they_PP3AS have_HV F41 138 acquired_VBN existing_JJ F41 139 wholesale_JJB organizations_NNS ._. ^ some_DTI wholesalers_NNS F41 139 seeking_VBG to_TO maintain_VB their_PP$ F41 140 traditional_JJ position_NN have_HV adopted_VBN the_ATI defensive_JJ F41 140 policy_NN of_IN integrating_VBG F41 141 with_IN certain_JJ manufacturers_NNS ._. ^ such_ABL vertical_JJ F41 141 expansion_NN has_HVZ been_BEN made_VBN F41 142 chiefly_RB to_TO direct_VB and_CC maintain_VB the_ATI supply_NN of_IN F41 142 the_ATI most_QL profitable_JJ lines_NNS F41 143 within_IN the_ATI framework_NN of_IN the_ATI organization_NN ._. F41 144 ^ on_IN the_ATI other_AP hand_NN ,_, the_ATI large_JJ retailer_NN F41 144 ,_, particularly_RB if_CS he_PP3A has_HVZ F41 145 many_AP outlets_NNS ,_, may_MD decide_VB to_TO engage_VB in_IN F41 145 wholesaling_NN ;_; in_IN fact_NN ,_, many_AP of_IN F41 146 the_ATI present_JJ large_JJ wholesale_JJB houses_NNS had_HVD their_PP$ F41 146 beginnings_NNS as_IN retailers_NNS ._. F41 147 ^ the_ATI wholesale_JJB warehouse_NN is_BEZ then_RN often_RB F41 147 operated_VBN as_IN an_AT ancillary_JJ F41 148 concern_NN (_( generally_RB a_AT subsidiary_JJ company_NN )_) ,_, F41 148 perhaps_RB under_IN a_AT different_JJ F41 149 name_NN ._. ^ an_AT existing_JJ wholesaler_NN may_MD be_BE taken_VBN F41 149 over_RP ._. ^ some_DTI large_JJ groups_NNS ,_, F41 150 such_IN as_IN" Debenhams_NPS ,_, and_CC the_ATI great_JJ universal_JJ F41 150 stores_NNS ,_, have_HV several_AP F41 151 wholesale_JJB subsidiaries_NNS ._. ^ in_IN a_AP few_AP" trades_NNS ,_, F41 151 such_IN as_IN" fruit_NN and_CC tobacco_NN ,_, F41 152 firms_NNS buy_VB merchandise_NN in_IN bulk_NN for_IN their_PP$ own_AP F41 152 shops_NNS and_CC resell_VB what_WDT they_PP3AS F41 153 do_DO not_XNOT need_VB to_IN smaller_JJR shops_NNS in_IN the_ATI F41 153 district_NN ._. ^ in_IN such_ABL circumstances_NNS F41 154 they_PP3AS are_BER primarily_RB retailers_NNS ,_, and_CC a_AP few_AP" F41 154 use_VB the_ATI terms_NNS *'_*' wholesale_NC F41 155 **'_**' or_CC *'_*' warehouse_NC **'_**' as_IN a_AT F41 155 customer-catching_JJ device_NN ._. F41 156 ^ while_CS wholesalers_NNS are_BER generally_RB prepared_VBN to_TO F41 156 make_VB direct_JJ sales_NNS to_IN F41 157 certain_JJ classes_NNS of_IN final_JJ customer_NN *-_*- \0e.g_RB ,_, F41 157 schools_NNS and_CC large_JJ F41 158 industrial_JJ firms_NNS *-_*- some_DTI have_HV established_VBN a_AT F41 158 special_JJ department_NN to_TO sell_VB F41 159 direct_RB to_IN the_ATI public_NN on_IN certain_JJ conditions_NNS ,_, F41 159 such_IN as_IN" after_IN a_AT proper_JJ F41 160 introduction_NN by_IN a_AT retailer_NN ._. ^ other_AP wholesalers_NNS F41 160 have_HV expanded_VBN forward_RB F41 161 into_IN retailing_VBG by_IN the_ATI requisition_NN of_IN shops_NNS F41 161 to_TO meet_VB the_ATI threats_NNS of_IN a_AT F41 162 changed_JJ pattern_NN of_IN distribution_NN and_CC perhaps_RB to_TO F41 162 make_VB a_AT double_JJ profit_NN on_IN F41 163 each_DT transaction_NN ._. ^ this_DT policy_NN has_HVZ aroused_VBN F41 163 considerable_JJ rancour_NN ,_, even_RB F41 164 when_WRB the_ATI shop_NN takes_VBZ only_RB part_NN of_IN its_PP$ F41 164 merchandise_NN from_IN the_ATI parent_NN ,_, and_CC F41 165 has_HVZ weakened_VBN wholesale-retail_JJB co-operation_NN ._. F41 166 ^ location_NN of_IN warehouses_NNS ._. F41 167 ^ the_ATI distinctive_JJ premises_NNS of_IN the_ATI wholesaler_NN F41 167 are_BER ,_, of_RB course_RB" ,_, the_ATI F41 168 warehouse_NN ,_, since_CS normally_RB large_JJ stocks_NNS must_MD be_BE F41 168 carried_VBN ._. ^ the_ATI premises_NNS F41 169 are_BER generally_RB utilized_VBN in_IN a_AT strictly_RB practical_JJ F41 169 manner_NN ,_, since_CS the_ATI F41 170 wholesaler's_NN$ appeal_NN is_BEZ to_IN the_ATI businessman_NN ._. ^ F41 170 a_AT wholesale_JJB merchant's_NN$ F41 171 business_NN can_MD not_XNOT be_BE set_VBN up_RP anywhere_RB ;_; his_PP$ F41 171 warehouse_NN is_BEZ of_IN most_AP service_NN F41 172 to_IN his_PP$ customers_NNS if_CS they_PP3AS can_MD reach_VB it_PP3 F41 172 easily_RB and_CC quickly_RB ._. F41 173 ^ consequently_RB it_PP3 is_BEZ usually_RB established_VBN in_IN a_AT F41 173 city_NN which_WDTR is_BEZ the_ATI F41 174 commercial_JJ centre_NN for_IN the_ATI surrounding_JJ district_NN ._. ^ F41 174 London_NP is_BEZ the_ATI biggest_JJT F41 175 centre_NN of_IN wholesale_JJB textile_NN distribution_NN ,_, with_IN F41 175 Manchester_NP not_XNOT far_RB F41 176 behind_RP ._. F41 177 ^ in_IN a_AT large_JJ city_NN it_PP3 is_BEZ usual_JJ to_TO find_VB F41 177 those_DTS of_IN one_CD1 trade_NN located_VBN in_IN F41 178 a_AT particular_JJ quarter_NN or_CC street_NN ,_, particularly_RB if_CS F41 178 there_EX is_BEZ a_AT market_NN or_CC F41 179 exchange_NN near_RI by_RP ._. ^ thus_RB in_IN London_NP ,_, Mark_NP F41 179 Lane_NPL is_BEZ the_ATI centre_NN for_IN corn_NN F41 180 merchants_NNS ,_, while_CS in_IN Manchester_NP all_ABN the_ATI big_JJ F41 180 textile_NN houses_NNS are_BER found_VBN in_IN F41 181 the_ATI environs_NNS of_IN Piccadilly_NP ._. ^ this_DT concentration_NN F41 181 of_IN trades_NNS of_IN each_DT F41 182 class_NN is_BEZ convenient_JJ both_ABX to_IN customers_NNS and_CC to_IN F41 182 manufacturers'_NNS$ salesmen_NNS ._. F41 183 ^ organization_NN ._. F41 184 ^ though_CS a_AP few_AP" small_JJ businesses_NNS ,_, particularly_RB F41 184 those_DTS specializing_VBG F41 185 in_IN certain_JJ kinds_NNS of_IN business_NN *-_*- \0e.g_RB ,_, F41 185 millinery_NN ,_, trimmings_NNS *-_*- F41 186 are_BER run_VBN by_IN single_JJ traders_NNS ,_, and_CC the_ATI F41 186 partnership_NN is_BEZ still_RB fairly_RB F41 187 frequently_RB met_VBN with_IN ,_, the_ATI most_QL general_JJ form_NN F41 187 of_IN proprietorship_NN is_BEZ that_DT F41 188 of_IN a_AT limited_JJ company_NN ._. ^ this_DT is_BEZ mainly_RB on_IN F41 188 account_NN of_IN the_ATI heavy_JJ capital_NN F41 189 requirements_NNS of_IN the_ATI trade_NN ._. ^ wholesale_JJB F41 189 directors_NNS are_BER almost_RB invariably_RB F41 190 executive_JJ or_CC working_JJ directors_NNS ,_, with_IN full_JJ F41 190 responsibility_NN for_IN a_AT F41 191 particular_JJ function_NN ._. F41 192 ^ the_ATI scope_NN of_IN the_ATI wholesaling_NN task_NN is_BEZ F41 192 indicated_VBN by_IN a_AP few_AP" facts_NNS F41 193 about_IN wholesale_JJB textile_NN distribution_NN ._. ^ large_JJ F41 193 wholesalers_NNS carry_VB an_AT F41 194 average_JJ stock_NN of_IN *+1,000,000_NNU ;_; they_PP3AS dispatch_VB F41 194 approximately_RB 2000_CD parcels_NNS F41 195 a_AT day_NN to_IN various_JJ parts_NNS of_IN the_ATI country_NN for_IN F41 195 their_PP$ 10,000-15,000_CD-CD retail_NN F41 196 accounts_NNS ,_, and_CC receive_VB supplies_NNS from_IN anything_PN F41 196 up_RP to_IN a_AT thousand_CD F41 197 suppliers_NNS from_IN time_NN to_IN time_NN ._. ^ moreover_RB ,_, F41 197 the_ATI documentation_NN and_CC handling_NN F41 198 of_IN each_DT customer's_NN$ order_NN may_MD involve_VB thirty-two_CD F41 198 separate_JJ operations_NNS ,_, F41 199 many_AP of_IN which_WDTR must_MD be_BE repeated_VBN in_IN reverse_NN F41 199 if_CS the_ATI goods_NNS do_DO not_XNOT comply_VB F41 200 with_IN the_ATI retailer's_NN$ requirements_NNS ._. F41 201 ^ whatever_WDT the_ATI merchandise_NN carried_VBN ,_, the_ATI F41 201 organization_NN broadly_RB F41 202 resembles_VBZ that_DT of_IN a_AT big_JJ department_NN store_NN ,_, F41 202 each_DT department_NN forming_VBG a_AT F41 203 separate_JJ unit_NN under_IN a_AT departmental_JJ manager_NN ._. ^ F41 203 frequently_RB there_EX are_BER four_CD F41 204 main_JJB departments_NNS :_: buying_NN ,_, warehousing_NN ,_, F41 204 selling_NN ,_, and_CC administration_NN ._. F41 205 ^ there_EX are_BER usually_RB separate_JJ buyers_NNS responsible_JJ F41 205 for_IN the_ATI requirements_NNS of_IN F41 206 each_DT section_NN ,_, but_CC their_PP$ activities_NNS are_BER F41 206 co-ordinated_VBN by_IN the_ATI purchasing_NN F41 207 department_NN ,_, which_WDTR also_RB deals_VBZ with_IN the_ATI F41 207 paper-work_NN ._. ^ warehousing_NN is_BEZ a_AT F41 208 specialized_JJ job_NN ,_, and_CC may_MD include_VB assembling_VBG ,_, F41 208 grading_VBG ,_, breaking_VBG bulk_NN ,_, F41 209 and_CC packing_VBG ._. ^ the_ATI wholesaler_NN provides_VBZ a_AT F41 209 selling_NN organization_NN for_IN the_ATI F41 210 manufacturer_NN ,_, and_CC most_AP of_IN this_DT selling_NN is_BEZ F41 210 done_VBN by_IN trained_JJ travellers_NNS ._. F41 211 ^ but_CC the_ATI wholesaler's_NN$ showrooms_NNS may_MD also_RB be_BE F41 211 very_QL important_JJ :_: the_ATI F41 212 retailer_NN is_BEZ offered_VBN a_AT huge_JJ stock_NN and_CC variety_NN F41 212 of_IN merchandise_NN which_WDTR no_ATI F41 213 other_AP system_NN could_MD bring_VB to_IN him_PP3O under_IN one_CD1 F41 213 roof_NN ._. F42 2 ^ \0D_NP England_NP ._. F42 3 ^ focus_NN on_IN English_JNP fare_NN ._. F42 4 ^ at_IN an_AT old-established_JJ hotel_NN in_IN an_AT east_NR F42 4 coast_NN resort_NN there_EX is_BEZ F42 5 an_AT unusual_JJ notice_NN on_IN the_ATI bottom_NN of_IN the_ATI F42 5 menu_NN card_NN :_: ^ *'_*' epicures_NNS agree_VB F42 6 that_CS English_JNP food_NN well_RB cooked_VBN is_BEZ the_ATI best_JJT F42 6 in_IN the_ATI world_NN ._. ^ for_IN this_DT F42 7 reason_NN ,_, this_DT hotel_NN specializes_VBZ in_IN the_ATI finest_JJT F42 7 English_JNP cooking_NN ,_, and_CC F42 8 nothing_PN canned_VBN or_CC twice_RB cooked_VBN is_BEZ ever_RB F42 8 served_VBN ._. **'_**' F42 9 ^ an_AT admirable_JJ and_CC unexpected_JJ statement_NN which_WDTR F42 9 is_BEZ to_TO be_BE backed_VBN by_IN a_AT F42 10 twelve-month_JJB campaign_NN to_TO promote_VB British_JNP food_NN ,_, F42 10 launched_VBN by_IN the_ATI British_JNP F42 11 farm_NN produce_NN council_NN ._. ^ it_PP3 includes_VBZ staging_VBG F42 11 four_CD large-scale_JJB F42 12 exhibitions_NNS at_IN major_JJ urban_JJ centres_NNS throughout_IN F42 12 the_ATI United_NP Kingdom_NPL ,_, F42 13 twelve_CD displays_NNS in_IN stores_NNS in_IN regional_JJ towns_NNS F42 13 and_CC joint_JJB ventures_NNS with_IN F42 14 such_ABL organizations_NNS as_IN the_ATI townswomen's_NNS$ guilds_NNS F42 14 ,_, the_ATI gas_NN council_NN ,_, F42 15 electricity_NN boards_NNS and_CC the_ATI Scottish_JNP ,_, Welsh_JNP F42 15 and_CC Northern_NP Ireland_NP F42 16 development_NN boards_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI first_OD large-scale_JJB F42 16 show_NN is_BEZ to_TO be_BE held_VBN in_IN F42 17 London_NP from_IN 11-16_CD-CD September_NR ._. F42 18 ^ the_ATI council's_NN$ chairman_NN ,_, \0Mr_NPT \0W_NP \0R_NP F42 18 Trehane_NP ,_, commenting_VBG on_IN F42 19 the_ATI campaign_NN ,_, said_VBD :_: ^ *'_*' British_JNP shoppers_NNS F42 19 should_MD certainly_RB be_BE well_RB aware_JJ F42 20 of_IN the_ATI quality_NN food_NN that_WPR comes_VBZ from_IN their_PP$ F42 20 own_AP farmers_NNS and_CC growers_NNS by_IN F42 21 the_ATI end_NN of_IN the_ATI year_NN ._. **'_**' ^ and_CC the_ATI F42 21 farming_JJ community_NN should_MD be_BE F42 22 especially_RB pleased_JJ that_CS its_PP$ products_NNS are_BER to_TO F42 22 get_VB such_ABL a_AT tremendous_JJ F42 23 boost_NN just_RB where_WRB it_PP3 would_MD be_BE most_QL effective_JJ F42 23 *-_*- on_IN the_ATI customer's_NN$ F42 24 doorstep_NN ,_, he_PP3A added_VBD ._. ^ the_ATI British_JNP farm_NN F42 24 produce_NN council_NN was_BEDZ launched_VBN in_IN F42 25 the_ATI autumn_NN of_IN 1960_CD ._. ^ its_PP$ basic_JJ aims_NNS are_BER F42 25 to_TO tell_VB the_ATI buying_JJ public_NN more_AP F42 26 about_IN British_JNP food_NN ,_, how_WRB to_TO choose_VB and_CC how_WRB F42 26 to_TO cook_VB it_PP3 ,_, and_CC to_TO let_VB F42 27 farmers_NNS and_CC growers_NNS know_VB that_CS the_ATI shopper_NN F42 27 thinks_VBZ about_IN their_PP$ products_NNS ._. F42 28 ^ the_ATI council_NN has_HVZ plenty_NN to_TO go_VB upon_IN for_IN F42 28 the_ATI range_NN of_IN English_JNP foods_NNS F42 29 is_BEZ amazingly_RB wide_JJ ._. ^ a_AT restaurant_NN in_IN the_ATI F42 29 West_NP End_NP offered_VBD its_PP$ customers_NNS F42 30 a_AT choice_NN of_IN no_ATI fewer_AP than_IN 500_CD recipes_NNS of_IN F42 30 old_JJ English_JNP fare_NN ,_, and_CC these_DTS F42 31 were_BED selected_VBN from_IN as_QL many_AP as_IN fifteen_CD hundred_CD F42 31 recipes_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI first_OD menu_NN F42 32 included_VBD a_AT milk_NN soup_NN from_IN Sussex_NP ,_, a_AT star_NN F42 32 gazy_JJ pie_NN from_IN Cornwall_NP ,_, F42 33 herrings_NNS ,_, beef_NN olives_NNS from_IN Cheshire_NP with_IN F42 33 dumplings_NNS and_CC green_JJ peas_NNS ,_, and_CC F42 34 a_AT Welbeck_NP pudding_NN from_IN Nottinghamshire_NP ._. F42 35 ^ these_DTS merely_RB touch_VB the_ATI fringe_NN of_IN the_ATI F42 35 possibilities_NNS ,_, as_CS was_BEDZ F42 36 evident_JJ when_WRB a_AT folk_JJB cookery_NN exhibition_NN was_BEDZ F42 36 staged_VBN ,_, for_CS there_EX were_BED to_TO F42 37 be_BE seen_VBN eatables_NNS with_IN the_ATI most_QL delightful_JJ F42 37 names_NNS ._. ^ they_PP3AS included_VBD Yule_NP F42 38 cakes_NNS eaten_VBN in_IN Yorkshire_NP between_IN Christmas_NP day_NN F42 38 and_CC new_JJ year's_NN$ day_NN ;_; F42 39 Sedgmoor_NP Easter_NP cakes_NNS ;_; *'_*' Tyneside_NP Yule_NP Doos_NPS F42 39 ,_, **'_**' childish_JJ figures_NNS F42 40 supposed_VBN to_TO represent_VB the_ATI infant_NN Jesus_NP ,_, and_CC F42 40 made_VBN by_IN Tyneside_NP mothers_NNS F42 41 for_IN their_PP$ children_NNS on_IN baking_NN day_NN ;_; *'_*' F42 41 checky_JJ pigs_NNS **'_**' from_IN F42 42 Leicestershire_NP ;_; lardy_JJ cakes_NNS and_CC wafers_NNS for_IN F42 42 mothering_NN Sunday_NR ,_, from_IN F42 43 Devizes_NP ;_; Devonshire_NP applecake_NN ;_; Bakewell_NP tart_NN F42 43 from_IN Derbyshire_NP ;_; F42 44 Deddington_NP pudding_NN pies_NNS ;_; Cornish_JNP *'_*' black_JJ F42 44 cake_NN **'_**' ;_; burying_JJ cake_NN ,_, from_IN F42 45 an_AT old_JJ English_JNP recipe_NN ;_; Yorkshire_NP oatcake_NN ,_, F42 45 made_VBN in_IN strips_NNS ;_; Melton_NP F42 46 Mowbray_NP pork_NN pie_NN ;_; gilt_JJ gingerbread_NN from_IN Bute_NP F42 46 ;_; parkin_NN from_IN Yorkshire_NP ;_; F42 47 Grasmere_NP gingerbread_NN ,_, which_WDTR looks_VBZ like_IN F42 47 shortbread_NN ;_; Congleton_NP F42 48 gingerbread_NN with_IN rice-paper_NN underneath_RI ;_; and_CC F42 48 Coventry_NP *'_*' God_NP cake_NN **'_**' ,_, F42 49 which_WDTR dates_VBZ back_RP to_IN the_ATI fourteenth_OD or_CC F42 49 fifteenth_OD century_NN ,_, given_VBN when_WRB a_AT F42 50 godchild_NN was_BEDZ christened_VBN or_CC made_VBD its_PP$ first_OD F42 50 communion_NN ._. ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ a_AT pastry_NN F42 51 cake_NN after_IN the_ATI style_NN of_IN a_AT Banbury_NP cake_NN and_CC F42 51 in_IN the_ATI shape_NN of_IN an_AT F42 52 isosceles_NN triangle_NN ._. ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ slashed_VBN across_IN F42 52 the_ATI middle_NN and_CC ornamented_VBN F42 53 with_IN sugar_NN ._. F42 54 ^ one_CD1 of_IN the_ATI most_QL delightful_JJ exhibits_NNS ever_RB F42 54 put_VBN on_RP was_BEDZ seen_VBN in_IN the_ATI F42 55 Gothic_JNP Hall_NPL of_IN Lacock_NP Abbey_NPL ,_, four_CD miles_NNS F42 55 from_IN Chippenham_NP ._. ^ local_JJ dishes_NNS F42 56 from_IN all_RB over_IN the_ATI British_JNP Isles_NPLS were_BED F42 56 displayed_VBN in_IN rich_JJ profusion_NN ,_, and_CC F42 57 some_DTI of_IN the_ATI most_QL interesting_JJ were_BED seen_VBN in_IN F42 57 the_ATI making_NN ._. ^ dainties_NNS still_RB F42 58 made_VBN today_NR ,_, like_IN Welsh_JNP bakestone_NN loaf_NN ,_, F42 58 Selkirk_NP bannocks_NNS ,_, and_CC Dublin_NP F42 59 barm_NN brack_NN ,_, were_BED shown_VBN in_IN company_NN with_IN F42 59 more_QL strictly_RB period_JJB exhibits_NNS F42 60 such_IN as_IN" Queen_NPT Henrietta_NP Maria's_NP$ morning_NN broth_NN F42 60 *-_*- for_CS in_IN Charles_NP 1's_CD1$ F42 61 day_NN they_PP3AS took_VBD chicken_NN broth_NN for_IN breakfast_NN F42 61 *-_*- and_CC salmagundi_NN ,_, a_AT F42 62 favourite_JJB supper_NN dish_NN in_IN the_ATI eighteenth_OD century_NN F42 62 and_CC obviously_RB the_ATI F42 63 ancestor_NN of_IN hors_NN d'oeuvre_NN" ._. ^ dishes_NNS similar_JJ F42 63 to_IN those_DTS displayed_VBN F42 64 must_MD have_HV been_BEN cooked_VBN and_CC eaten_VBN centuries_NNS F42 64 ago_RB at_IN Lacock_NP Abbey_NPL ._. F42 65 ^ some_DTI ancient_JJ kitchen_NN implements_NNS belonging_VBG to_IN F42 65 the_ATI abbey_NN were_BED also_RB F42 66 on_IN show_NN ._. ^ a_AT great_JJ pestle_NN and_CC mortar_NN seen_VBN F42 66 were_BED said_VBN to_TO have_HV been_BEN there_RN F42 67 since_IN the_ATI time_NN of_IN Sir_NPT William_NP Sharington_NP ,_, F42 67 the_ATI first_OD lay_JJB owner_NN of_IN F42 68 Lacock_NP Abbey_NPL after_IN the_ATI dissolution_NN ._. ^ a_AT F42 68 venerable_JJ mould_NN ,_, in_IN the_ATI form_NN of_IN F42 69 an_AT elephant_NN ,_, was_BEDZ used_VBN to_TO make_VB a_AT cake_NN F42 69 exhibited_VBN ._. ^ among_IN loans_NNS from_IN F42 70 elsewhere_RB were_BED a_AT set_NN of_IN fine_JJ moulds_NNS for_IN F42 70 gingerbread_NN from_IN the_ATI pump_NN room_NN F42 71 at_IN Bath_NP ._. ^ gingerbread_NN figures_VBZ properly_RB gilded_VBN F42 71 ,_, proved_VBD that_CS the_ATI moulds_NNS F42 72 are_BER as_QL good_JJ today_NR as_CS ever_RB they_PP3AS were_BED ._. ^ F42 72 river_NN crayfish_NNS ,_, boiled_VBN as_QL F42 73 scarlet_JJ as_IN any_DTI lobster_NN ,_, came_VBD from_IN the_ATI F42 73 river_NN in_IN the_ATI grounds_NNS of_IN Lacock_NP F42 74 Abbey_NPL ._. F42 75 ^ the_ATI late_JJ Miss_NPT \0F_NP White_NP ,_, who_WPR founded_VBD F42 75 the_ATI English_JNP folk_JJB cookery_NN F42 76 association_NN prepared_VBD a_AT unique_JJ gastronomic_JJ map_NN ._. ^ F42 76 she_PP3A used_VBD to_TO go_VB about_IN F42 77 the_ATI country_NN collecting_VBG information_NN concerning_IN food_NN F42 77 much_RB as_CS Cecil_NP Sharp_NP F42 78 used_VBD to_TO go_VB about_RP in_IN his_PP$ work_NN of_IN research_NN F42 78 for_IN folk-songs_NNS and_CC dances_NNS ,_, F42 79 and_CC she_PP3A plotted_VBD her_PP$ discoveries_NNS on_IN a_AT F42 79 gastronomic_JJ map_NN ._. ^ looking_VBG over_IN F42 80 this_DT one_CD1 noticed_VBD such_ABL names_NNS as_IN Coventry_NP F42 80 godcake_NN mentioned_VBN above_RI ,_, and_CC F42 81 stuffed_JJ chine_NN at_IN Clee_NP in_IN Lincolnshire_NP ;_; and_CC F42 81 found_VBD that_CS Melton_NP Mowbray_NP F42 82 is_BEZ as_QL famous_JJ for_IN curd_NN cheese-cakes_NNS as_CS for_IN F42 82 its_PP$ pork_NN pies_NNS ._. ^ stuffed_JJ F42 83 chine_NN ,_, by_IN the_ATI way_NN ,_, is_BEZ a_AT famous_JJ old_JJ F42 83 dish_NN at_IN Clee_NP for_IN Trinity_NP Sunday_NR ,_, F42 84 the_ATI custom_NN being_BEG for_IN a_AT chine_NN of_IN bacon_NN F42 84 stuffed_VBN with_IN herbs_NNS to_TO form_VB part_NN F42 85 of_IN the_ATI dinner_NN ._. ^ the_ATI curd_NN cheese-cakes_NNS of_IN F42 85 Melton_NP Mowbray_NP are_BER a_AT great_JJ F42 86 dish_NN for_IN Whit-Sunday_NP ._. ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ said_VBN that_CS F42 86 there_EX are_BER enough_DTI of_IN these_DTS cakes_NNS F42 87 made_VBN for_IN the_ATI festival_NN to_TO pave_VB the_ATI whole_JJ F42 87 town_NN ._. F42 88 ^ every_AT county_NN is_BEZ ,_, rightly_RB ,_, jealous_JJ of_IN F42 88 its_PP$ folk-cookery_JJB tradition_NN ,_, F42 89 and_CC there_EX is_BEZ no_ATI doubt_NN that_CS the_ATI north_NR of_IN F42 89 England_NP is_BEZ strong_JJ in_IN this_DT F42 90 respect_NN ._. ^ a_AT list_NN of_IN inns_NNS ,_, hotels_NNS ,_, and_CC F42 90 restaurants_NNS where_WRB good_JJ local_JJ F42 91 dishes_NNS could_MD be_BE enjoyed_VBN mentioned_VBN for_IN Yorkshire_NP F42 91 alone_RB :_: Barnsley_NP chops_NNS ,_, F42 92 curd_NN cheese-cakes_NNS ,_, oven_NN cakes_NNS ,_, sly_JJ cakes_NNS ,_, F42 92 Doncaster_NP butterscotch_NN ,_, F42 93 oatmeal_NN fritters_NNS ,_, bilberry_NN pies_NNS ,_, Yorkshire_NP F42 93 batter_NN pudding_NN ,_, brandy_NN F42 94 snap_NN ,_, spiced_JJ bread_NN ,_, Sheffield_NP polony_NN ,_, potted_JJ F42 94 shrimps_NNS ,_, frumenty_NN ,_, F42 95 Wensleydale_NP cheese_NN ,_, apple_NN cheese-cakes_NNS ,_, primrose_NN F42 95 vinegar_NN ,_, fish_NN pie_NN ,_, F42 96 turf_NN cakes_NNS ,_, bakestone_NN cakes_NNS ,_, parkin_NN ,_, and_CC F42 96 gingerbread_NN ._. ^ references_NNS were_BED F42 97 made_VBN to_IN the_ATI Yorkshire_NP practice_NN of_IN eating_VBG F42 97 cheese_NN with_IN cake_NN ,_, and_CC there_EX F42 98 was_BEDZ a_AT consensus_NN of_IN opinion_NN that_CS ham_NN and_CC F42 98 eggs_NNS as_CS served_VBN in_IN the_ATI county_NN F42 99 is_BEZ a_AT succulent_JJ dish_NN ._. F42 100 ^ Scotland_NP is_BEZ too_QL often_RB neglected_VBN or_CC F42 100 overlooked_VBN ,_, and_CC so_RB it_PP3 is_BEZ good_JJ F42 101 that_CS a_AT little_JJ book_NN of_IN Scottish_JNP recipes_NNS has_HVZ F42 101 been_BEN compiled_VBN *'_*' primarily_RB F42 102 for_IN visitors_NNS to_IN Scotland_NP ,_, *'_*' lost_JJ **'_**' F42 102 Scots_NNPS and_CC others_APS **'_**' ._. ^ the_ATI recipes_NNS F42 103 range_VB from_IN soups_NNS ,_, puddings_NNS and_CC pies_NNS ,_, F42 103 cakes_NNS and_CC shortbreads_NNS ,_, to_IN many_AP F42 104 other_AP intriguing_JJ items_NNS such_IN as_IN" Parlies_NPS or_CC F42 104 Scottish_JNP parliament_NN cake_NN ,_, F42 105 Athol_NP Brose_NP ,_, Cranachan_NP or_CC Cream-Crowdie_NP ,_, and_CC F42 105 tatties_NNS an'_CC herrin'_NN ._. ^ it_PP3 F42 106 has_HVZ been_BEN asked_VBN :_: what_WDT are_BER the_ATI predominant_JJ F42 106 characteristics_NNS of_IN Scottish_JNP F42 107 cookery_NN ?_? ^ the_ATI answer_NN :_: simplicity_NN ,_, good_JJ F42 107 sense_NN and_CC an_AT instinct_NN for_IN F42 108 dietetic_JJ values_NNS ,_, and_CC what_WDT more_AP could_MD one_CD1 F42 108 ask_VB ?_? F42 109 ^ one_CD1 of_IN the_ATI most_QL historic_JJ of_IN country_NN F42 109 dishes_NNS is_BEZ dumplings_NNS ._. ^ one_CD1 F42 110 recalls_NNS that_DT celebrated_JJ farmhouse_NN dinner_NN described_VBN F42 110 in_IN Cranford_NP ,_, F42 111 which_WDTR Miss_NPT Matty_NP only_RB half-enjoyed_VBD because_CS F42 111 the_ATI delicate_JJ young_JJ peas_NNS F42 112 would_MD drop_VB between_IN the_ATI prongs_NNS of_IN the_ATI F42 112 old-fashioned_JJ two-pronged_JJ forks_NNS ,_, F42 113 and_CC gentility_NN forbade_VBD her_PP3O to_TO imitate_VB her_PP$ F42 113 host_NN and_CC shovel_VB them_PP3OS up_RP on_IN F42 114 the_ATI blade_NN of_IN her_PP$ knife_NN ._. ^ \0Mr_NPT Holbrook_NP ,_, F42 114 her_PP$ old_JJ suitor_NN ,_, was_BEDZ right_JJ to_TO F42 115 be_BE unceremonious_JJ with_IN his_PP$ peas_NNS ,_, and_CC he_PP3A F42 115 was_BEDZ right_JJ also_RB ,_, in_IN his_PP$ blunt_JJ F42 116 way_NN ,_, about_IN the_ATI use_NN of_IN dumplings_NNS to_TO stay_VB F42 116 the_ATI appetite_NN ._. F42 117 ^ *'_*' when_WRB I_PP1A was_BEDZ a_AT young_JJ man_NN ,_, we_PP1AS F42 117 used_VBD to_TO keep_VB strictly_RB to_IN my_PP$ father's_NN$ F42 118 rule_NN ,_, ~ *'_*' no_ATI broth_NN ,_, no_ATI ball_NN :_: no_ATI F42 118 ball_NN ,_, no_ATI beef_NN ,_, **'_**' and_CC always_RB began_VBD F42 119 dinner_NN with_IN broth_NN ._. ^ then_RN we_PP1AS had_HVD suet_NN F42 119 puddings_NNS ,_, boiled_VBN in_IN the_ATI broth_NN F42 120 with_IN the_ATI beef_NN ;_; and_CC then_RN the_ATI meat_NN itself_PPL F42 120 ._. ^ if_CS we_PP1AS did_DOD not_XNOT sup_VB our_PP$ broth_NN ,_, F42 121 we_PP1AS had_HVD no_ATI ball_NN ,_, which_WDTR we_PP1AS liked_VBD a_AT F42 121 deal_NN better_RBR ;_; and_CC the_ATI beef_NN came_VBD last_RB F42 122 of_IN all_ABN ,_, and_CC only_RB those_DTS had_HVD it_PP3 who_WPR F42 122 had_HVD done_VBN justice_NN to_IN the_ATI broth_NN and_CC F42 123 the_ATI ball_NN ._. **'_**' ^ being_BEG a_AT Cheshire_NP man_NN ,_, F42 123 \0Mr_NPT Holbrook_NP was_BEDZ probably_RB F42 124 unacquainted_JJ with_IN the_ATI Norfolk_NP dumpling_NN ,_, which_WDTR F42 124 goes_VBZ one_CD1 step_NN further_RBR in_IN F42 125 the_ATI direction_NN of_IN economy_NN by_IN dispensing_VBG with_IN F42 125 the_ATI suet_NN ._. F42 126 ^ this_DT recalls_VBZ that_DT brave_JJ and_CC manly_JJ F42 126 eighteenth-century_JJB Norfolk_NP F42 127 incumbent_NN ,_, the_ATI \0Rev_NPT James_NP Woodforde_NP ,_, whose_WP$R F42 127 diary_NN has_HVZ only_RB one_CD1 rival_NN ,_, F42 128 that_DT of_IN Pepys_NP ._. ^ on_IN one_CD1 occasion_NN ,_, after_IN F42 128 a_AT good_JJ dinner_NN and_CC a_AT bad_JJ night_NN ,_, F42 129 he_PP3A noted_VBD :_: ^ *'_*' mince_NN pye_NN rose_VBD oft_RB ._. F42 129 **'_**' ^ if_CS this_DT is_BEZ not_XNOT literary_JJ F42 130 style_NN *-_*- the_ATI expression_NN of_IN meaning_NN with_IN a_AT F42 130 minimum_NN of_IN words_NNS and_CC a_AT F42 131 maximum_NN of_IN effect_NN *-_*- one_CD1 would_MD be_BE interested_JJ F42 131 to_TO learn_VB of_IN a_AT better_JJR F42 132 example_NN ._. F42 133 ^ Woodforde's_NP$ life_NN was_BEDZ humdrum_JJ in_IN some_DTI F42 133 respects_NNS ,_, but_CC it_PP3 had_HVD its_PP$ F42 134 difficulties_NNS ._. ^ of_IN these_DTS ,_, along_IN with_IN" the_ATI F42 134 smooth_JJ ,_, he_PP3A made_VBD the_ATI best_JJT ,_, F42 135 taking_VBG life_NN as_CS it_PP3 came_VBD ,_, without_IN repining_JJ F42 135 or_CC vain_JJ hopes_NNS ,_, and_CC contriving_VBG F42 136 to_TO get_VB a_AT good_JJ deal_NN of_IN satisfaction_NN for_IN F42 136 himself_PPL and_CC others_APS out_RP of_IN it_PP3 ,_, F42 137 not_XNOT least_RBT from_IN his_PP$ food_NN ._. ^ his_PP$ meals_NNS F42 137 were_BED like_IN himself_PPL ,_, good_JJ and_CC F42 138 honest_JJ ,_, and_CC one_CD1 quotes_VBZ this_DT typical_JJ meal_NN :_: ^ F42 138 *'_*' \01st_OD course_NN :_: boiled_JJ F42 139 tench_NN ,_, pea_NN soup_NN ,_, a_AT couple_NN of_IN boiled_JJ F42 139 chicken_NNS and_CC pigs_NN$ face_NN ,_, hashed_JJ F42 140 calf's_NN$ head_NN ,_, beans_NNS ,_, and_CC roasted_JJ rump_NN of_IN F42 140 beef_NN with_IN new_JJ potatoes_NNS \0etc_RB F42 141 ._. ^ \02nd_OD course_NN :_: roasted_JJ duck_NN and_CC green_JJ F42 141 peas_NNS ,_, a_AT very_QL fine_JJ leveret_NN F42 142 roasted_VBN ,_, strawberry_NN cream_NN ,_, jelly_NN ,_, puddings_NNS F42 142 \0etc_RB ._. ^ dessert_NN *-_*- F42 143 strawberries_NNS ,_, cherries_NNS and_CC last_AP year's_NN$ F42 143 nonpareils_NNS ._. **'_**' ^ English_JNP cooking_NN F42 144 at_IN its_PP$ best_JJT ._. F42 145 ^ Anne_NP Morris_NP ._. F42 146 ^ mushrooms_NNS *-_*- wild_JJ and_CC tame_JJ ._. F42 147 ^ *'_*' the_ATI steak_NN is_BEZ excellent_JJ ,_, but_CC the_ATI F42 147 mushrooms_NNS do_DO n't_XNOT taste_VB like_IN F42 148 mushrooms_NNS !_! **'_**' F42 149 ^ this_DT was_BEDZ the_ATI comment_NN ,_, heard_VBN during_IN F42 149 dinner_NN in_IN a_AT restaurant_NN ,_, which_WDTR F42 150 sent_VBD me_PP1O off_RP in_IN search_NN of_IN Psalliota_&FW F42 150 Campestris_&FW *-_*- the_ATI common_JJ white_JJ F42 151 field_NN mushroom_NN *-_*- and_CC the_ATI reason_NN why_WRB *'_*' F42 151 mushrooms_NNS do_DO n't_XNOT taste_VB like_IN F42 152 mushrooms_NNS ._. **'_**' F42 153 ^ the_ATI first_OD thing_NN I_PP1A discovered_VBD was_BEDZ that_CS F42 153 the_ATI common_JJ white_JJ field_NN F42 154 mushroom_NN is_BEZ common_JJ no_RB longer_RBR ._. ^ in_IN fact_NN ,_, F42 154 it_PP3 is_BEZ in_IN danger_NN of_IN F42 155 disappearing_VBG completely_RB ._. F42 156 ^ present-day_JJB farming_NN methods_NNS are_BER to_TO blame_VB F42 156 *-_*- or_CC so_PN I_PP1A was_BEDZ told_VBN by_IN a_AT F42 157 local_JJ farmer_NN ,_, who_WPR explained_VBD that_CS all_ABN the_ATI F42 157 mushrooms_NNS had_HVD disappeared_VBN F42 158 from_IN his_PP$ *'_*' home_NR **'_**' field_NN since_CS he_PP3A had_HVD F42 158 treated_VBN the_ATI grass_NN with_IN a_AT F42 159 chemical_JJ fertilizer_NN ._. F42 160 ^ a_AT botanist_NN at_IN our_PP$ local_JJ museum_NN agreed_VBD F42 160 with_IN the_ATI farmer_NN ._. ^ he_PP3A said_VBD ,_, F42 161 however_RB ,_, that_CS this_DT was_BEDZ not_XNOT the_ATI only_AP F42 161 reason_NN why_WRB there_EX were_BED so_QL few_AP F42 162 mushrooms_NNS in_IN our_PP$ fields_NNS today_NR ._. ^ mushrooms_NNS ,_, F42 162 it_PP3 seems_VBZ ,_, like_VB old_JJ F42 163 pastures_NNS ,_, where_WRB the_ATI soil_NN has_HVZ lain_VBN F42 163 undisturbed_JJ for_IN decades_NNS ._. ^ such_ABL F42 164 pastures_NNS are_BER becoming_VBG increasingly_RB rare_JJ ._. ^ the_ATI F42 164 preference_NN is_BEZ for_IN F42 165 *'_*' ley_NN **'_**' farming_NN in_IN which_WDTR grasslands_NNS are_BER F42 165 ploughed_VBN and_CC re-seeded_VBN every_AT F42 166 few_AP years_NNS ._. ^ this_DT process_NN breaks_VBZ up_RP a_AT F42 166 complex_JJ underground_JJB rooting_NN F42 167 system_NN ,_, which_WDTR takes_VBZ many_AP years_NNS to_TO F42 167 re-establish_VB ._. F42 168 ^ yet_RB another_DT contributory_JJ factor_NN is_BEZ the_ATI F42 168 disappearance_NN of_IN the_ATI horse_NN F42 169 from_IN our_PP$ farms_NNS ._. ^ indeed_RB ,_, if_CS it_PP3 were_BED F42 169 not_XNOT for_IN the_ATI numerous_JJ riding_NN F42 170 schools_NNS and_CC racing_NN stables_NNS throughout_IN the_ATI F42 170 country_NN ,_, mushrooms_NNS would_MD be_BE F42 171 an_AT ever_RB greater_JJR luxury_NN than_CS they_PP3AS already_RB F42 171 are_BER ._. ^ for_CS ,_, even_RB in_IN these_DTS F42 172 enlightened_JJ days_NNS ,_, mushroom_NN growers_NNS have_HV not_XNOT F42 172 found_VBN a_AT perfect_JJ substitute_NN F42 173 for_IN stable_NN manure_NN on_IN which_WDTR to_TO base_VB their_PP$ F42 173 hot-beds_NNS ._. F42 174 ^ even_RB so_RB ,_, cultivated_JJ mushrooms_NNS are_BER booming_VBG F42 174 ._. ^ their_PP$ popularity_NN has_HVZ F42 175 increased_VBN enormously_RB during_IN the_ATI last_AP ten_CD years_NNS F42 175 or_CC so_PN ._. ^ for_IN instance_NN ,_, F42 176 in_IN one_CD1 small_JJ part_NN of_IN Nottinghamshire_NP alone_RB F42 176 there_EX are_BER eight_CD flourishing_JJ F42 177 mushroom_NN farms_NNS ,_, and_CC ,_, according_IN to_IN" a_AT grower_NN F42 177 I_PP1A talked_VBD to_IN ,_, they_PP3AS have_HV no_ATI F42 178 difficulty_NN in_IN disposing_VBG of_IN their_PP$ crops_NNS ._. F42 179 ^ from_IN that_DT ,_, it_PP3 would_MD appear_VB that_CS F42 179 mushroom-growing_NN is_BEZ an_AT attractive_JJ F42 180 proposition_NN ._. ^ alas_UH ,_, there_EX are_BER snags_NNS ._. ^ F42 180 the_ATI first_OD is_BEZ that_CS it_PP3 is_BEZ F42 181 expensive_JJ ._. ^ the_ATI cardboard_NN baskets_NNS ,_, for_IN F42 181 instance_NN ,_, in_IN which_WDTR the_ATI grower_NN F42 182 packs_VBZ his_PP$ mushrooms_NNS for_IN the_ATI wholesalers_NNS ,_, F42 182 cost_VB him_PP3O sixpence_NNS each_DT !_! ^ in_IN F42 183 the_ATI *'_*' off_JJB **'_**' season_NN *-_*- the_ATI summer_NN F42 183 months_NNS *-_*- he_PP3A may_MD only_RB receive_VB two_CD F42 184 shillings_NNS a_AT pound_NN which_WDTR ,_, when_WRB the_ATI costs_NNS F42 184 of_IN spawn_NN ,_, manure_NN ,_, \0etc_RB ,_, F42 185 heat_NN ,_, labour_NN ,_, and_CC depreciation_NN of_IN buildings_NNS F42 185 ,_, \0etc_RB ,_, are_BER taken_VBN into_IN F42 186 account_NN ,_, does_DOZ n't_XNOT leave_VB a_AT very_QL great_JJ F42 186 margin_NN of_IN profit_NN !_! F42 187 ^ moreover_RB mushrooms_NNS are_BER a_AT very_QL risky_JJ crop_NN F42 187 ._. ^ they_PP3AS may_MD appear_VB in_IN F42 188 abundance_NN *-_*- or_CC they_PP3AS may_MD not_XNOT appear_VB at_IN F42 188 all_ABN ._. ^ or_CC they_PP3AS may_MD become_VB F42 189 diseased_JJ ._. ^ if_CS that_DT should_MD happen_VB the_ATI entire_JJB F42 189 crop_NN is_BEZ lost_VBN and_CC the_ATI beds_NNS F42 190 must_MD be_BE rested_VBN for_IN some_DTI months_NNS to_TO clear_VB F42 190 the_ATI infection_NN ._. F42 191 ^ *'_*' but_CC why_WRB do_DO n't_XNOT they_PP3AS taste_VB like_IN F42 191 mushrooms_NNS ?_? **'_**' I_PP1A asked_VBD the_ATI grower_NN ._. F42 192 ^ he_PP3A laughed_VBD ._. ^ *'_*' I_PP1A suppose_VB you_PP2 mean_VB ,_, F42 192 why_WRB do_DO n't_XNOT they_PP3AS taste_VB like_IN field_NN F42 193 mushrooms_NNS ,_, **'_**' he_PP3A said_VBD ._. ^ *'_*' and_CC the_ATI F42 193 answer_NN to_IN that_DT is_BEZ ,_, they_PP3AS are_BER a_AT F42 194 different_JJ variety_NN ._. ^ you_PP2 do_DO n't_XNOT expect_VB a_AT F42 194 Cox's_NP$ orange_NN pippin_NN to_TO taste_VB F42 195 like_IN a_AT Grannie_NP Smith_NP ,_, do_DO you_PP2 ?_? ^ it_PP3 's_BEZ F42 195 the_ATI same_AP with_IN mushrooms_NNS ._. ^ even_RB in_IN F42 196 the_ATI wild_JJ varieties_NNS there_EX are_BER at_RB least_RB" two_CD F42 196 well-marked_JJ kinds_NNS ._. F42 197 **"_**' F43 2 ^ this_DT could_MD be_BE followed_VBN by_IN a_AT year's_NN$ course_NN F43 2 of_IN training_NN in_IN a_AT F43 3 horticultural_JJ institute_NN where_WRB he_PP3A will_MD gain_VB F43 3 experience_NN in_IN fruit_NN and_CC F43 4 vegetable_NN cultivation_NN ._. ^ when_WRB he_PP3A leaves_VBZ the_ATI F43 4 horticultural_JJ institute_NN he_PP3A F43 5 should_MD find_VB employment_NN in_IN another_DT parks_NNS F43 5 department_NN ._. ^ then_RN two_CD years_NNS in_IN F43 6 a_AT botanic_JJ garden_NN ,_, following_IN this_DT he_PP3A should_MD F43 6 be_BE capable_JJ of_IN taking_VBG a_AT F43 7 foreman's_NN$ job_NN which_WDTR gives_VBZ him_PP3O experience_NN in_IN F43 7 dealing_VBG with_IN staff_NN ._. ^ (_( it_PP3 F43 8 is_BEZ most_QL encouraging_JJ to_TO learn_VB that_CS the_ATI F43 8 national_JJ joint_JJB council_NN of_IN local_JJ F43 9 authorities'_NNS$ services_NNS are_BER contemplating_VBG a_AT scheme_NN F43 9 for_IN training_NN in_IN F43 10 foremanship_NN for_IN the_ATI public_JJ park_NN service_NN ._. ^ I_PP1A F43 10 welcome_VB this_DT scheme_NN for_CS it_PP3 F43 11 is_BEZ badly_RB needed_VBN ._. )_) ^ when_WRB about_RB 25_CD or_CC F43 11 26_CD the_ATI young_JJ man_NN would_MD be_BE eligible_JJ F43 12 for_IN the_ATI course_NN of_IN training_NN arranged_VBN by_IN the_ATI F43 12 institute_NN of_IN park_NN F43 13 administration_NN ._. ^ after_IN that_DT he_PP3A may_MD have_HV to_TO F43 13 do_DO a_AT spell_NN of_IN practical_JJ F43 14 work_NN or_CC as_IN a_AT technical_JJ assistant_NN ._. ^ by_IN the_ATI F43 14 time_NN he_PP3A reaches_VBZ 30_CD F43 15 years_NNS of_IN age_NN he_PP3A should_MD be_BE capable_JJ of_IN F43 15 taking_VBG over_RP the_ATI parks_NNS department_NN F43 16 of_IN a_AT small_JJ town_NN or_CC as_IN a_AT Deputy_NPT in_IN a_AT F43 16 larger_JJR town_NN ._. ^ then_RN the_ATI chief_JJB F43 17 Officer_NPT of_IN the_ATI parks_NNS department_NN of_IN the_ATI F43 17 future_NN will_MD be_BE an_AT administrator_NN F43 18 with_IN an_AT all_JJ round_JJ" knowledge_NN of_IN all_ABN F43 18 activities_NNS under_IN the_ATI control_NN of_IN the_ATI F43 19 parks_NNS committee_NN ._. F43 20 ^ there_EX is_BEZ perhaps_RB one_CD1 disappointing_JJ feature_NN F43 20 in_IN public_JJ park_NN F43 21 administration_NN ,_, particularly_RB in_IN the_ATI London_NP area_NN F43 21 and_CC the_ATI south-west_NR ,_, F43 22 and_CC that_DT is_BEZ there_EX are_BER still_RB many_AP authorities_NNS F43 22 where_WRB the_ATI parks_NNS F43 23 department_NN is_BEZ under_IN the_ATI control_NN of_IN another_DT F43 23 Officer_NPT ._. ^ very_QL often_RB that_DT F43 24 Officer_NPT has_HVZ not_XNOT the_ATI interest_NN of_IN the_ATI F43 24 public_JJ gardens_NNS and_CC parks_NNS at_IN heart_NN ._. F43 25 ^ in_IN such_ABL cases_NNS the_ATI man_NN in_IN charge_NN of_IN the_ATI F43 25 parks_NNS loses_VBZ his_PP$ enthusiasm_NN and_CC F43 26 the_ATI local_JJ authority_NN never_RB gets_VBZ the_ATI best_JJT F43 26 from_IN the_ATI senior_JJ employee_NN in_IN F43 27 charge_NN of_IN the_ATI parks_NNS department_NN simply_RB because_CS F43 27 he_PP3A can_MD not_XNOT plan_VB and_CC plant_VB F43 28 according_IN to_IN" his_PP$ taste_NN ._. ^ gardeners_NNS are_BER a_AT F43 28 peculiar_JJ race_NN of_IN people_NNS ,_, they_PP3AS F43 29 like_VB to_TO do_DO the_ATI job_NN their_PP$ own_AP way_NN and_CC F43 29 can_MD be_BE very_QL frustrated_JJ when_WRB a_AT F43 30 person_NN with_IN no_ATI horticultural_JJ training_NN controls_VBZ F43 30 the_ATI business_NN of_IN the_ATI F43 31 public_JJ parks_NNS and_CC gardens_NNS and_CC has_HVZ the_ATI last_AP F43 31 word_NN with_IN the_ATI parks_NNS F43 32 committee_NN ,_, whereas_CS the_ATI parks_NNS committee_NN should_MD F43 32 have_HV the_ATI right_NN to_TO deal_VB F43 33 direct_RB with_IN the_ATI appropriate_JJ officer_NN of_IN the_ATI F43 33 parks_NNS department_NN ._. F43 35 ^ the_ATI third_OD conference_NN paper_NN *'_*' historic_JJ F43 35 houses_NNS and_CC estates_NNS as_IN F43 36 public_JJ parks_NNS **'_**' by_IN \0Mr_NPT \0F_NP Hallowes_NP ,_, F43 36 \0F.Inst.P.A_NPT ,_, F43 37 \0M.Inst.B.C.A_NPT ,_, Director_NPT of_IN parks_NNS ,_, Nottingham_NP F43 37 ,_, follows_VBZ ._. F43 38 ^ historic_JJ houses_NNS and_CC estates_NNS as_IN public_JJ parks_NNS F43 38 ._. F43 39 ^ prior_RB to_IN the_ATI 1914-18_CD-CD war_NN the_ATI majority_NN F43 39 of_IN historic_JJ houses_NNS and_CC F43 40 estates_NNS in_IN the_ATI United_NP Kingdom_NPL were_BED occupied_VBN F43 40 by_IN their_PP$ owners_NNS ,_, and_CC in_IN F43 41 numerous_JJ cases_NNS the_ATI landed_JJ people_NNS owned_VBD these_DTS F43 41 properties_NNS in_IN various_JJ F43 42 parts_NNS of_IN the_ATI country_NN ,_, usually_RB one_CD1 in_IN F43 42 Scotland_NP ,_, and_CC two_CD or_CC so_PN in_IN F43 43 England_NP ,_, in_IN addition_NN to_IN their_PP$ London_NP residence_NN F43 43 ._. ^ this_DT pleasant_JJ state_NN F43 44 of_IN affairs_NNS had_HVD continued_VBN peacefully_RB and_CC F43 44 uninterruptedly_RB for_IN many_AP years_NNS F43 45 but_CC the_ATI advent_NN of_IN the_ATI war_NN saw_VBD great_JJ F43 45 changes_NNS in_IN the_ATI ownership_NN ,_, control_NN ,_, F43 46 and_CC maintenance_NN of_IN these_DTS properties_NNS ,_, largely_RB F43 46 due_JJ to_IN heavy_JJ taxation_NN ,_, F43 47 cost_NN of_IN upkeep_NN ,_, and_CC the_ATI dispersal_NN of_IN staff_NN F43 47 during_IN the_ATI war_NN years_NNS ._. ^ in_IN F43 48 many_AP cases_NNS speculators_NNS bought_VBD up_RP these_DTS F43 48 historic_JJ houses_NNS and_CC estates_NNS ,_, F43 49 stripped_VBD the_ATI mansions_NNS of_IN their_PP$ treasures_NNS ,_, F43 49 took_VBD the_ATI lead_NN from_IN the_ATI roofs_NNS F43 50 and_CC the_ATI timber_NN from_IN the_ATI estates_NNS ,_, and_CC F43 50 sold_VBD the_ATI land_NN for_IN building_NN plots_NNS F43 51 and_CC the_ATI buildings_NNS for_IN hotels_NNS ,_, private_JJ F43 51 schools_NNS ,_, \0etc_RB ._. ^ this_DT trend_NN has_HVZ F43 52 never_RB been_BEN completely_RB arrested_VBN and_CC though_CS many_AP F43 52 houses_NNS and_CC estates_NNS are_BER F43 53 still_RB in_IN private_JJ ownership_NN many_AP others_APS have_HV F43 53 continued_VBN to_TO be_BE used_VBN for_IN a_AT F43 54 variety_NN of_IN purposes_NNS ._. F43 55 ^ ownership_NN ._. F43 56 ^ a_AT broad_JJ estimate_NN of_IN ownership_NN of_IN some_DTI 478_CD F43 56 houses_NNS in_IN the_ATI United_NP F43 57 Kingdom_NPL which_WDTR are_BER open_JJ to_IN the_ATI public_NN F43 57 indicates_VBZ that_CS 56_CD per_NNU \0cent_NNU" are_BER F43 58 still_RB in_IN private_JJ ownership_NN ,_, 26_CD per_NNU \0cent_NNU" F43 58 under_IN the_ATI control_NN of_IN the_ATI F43 59 national_JJ trust_NN ,_, 10_CD per_NNU \0cent_NNU" owned_VBN and_CC F43 59 used_VBN by_IN local_JJ authorities_NNS ,_, 7_CD F43 60 per_NNU \0cent_NNU" occupied_VBN by_IN government_NN departments_NNS F43 60 ,_, and_CC 1_CD1 per_NNU \0cent_NNU" used_VBN F43 61 as_IN schools_NNS ._. ^ from_IN time_NN to_IN time_NN figures_NNS F43 61 published_VBN of_IN the_ATI numbers_NNS F43 62 admitted_VBN and_CC the_ATI fees_NNS paid_VBN show_VB that_CS the_ATI F43 62 public_NN are_BER anxious_JJ and_CC F43 63 enthusiastic_JJ to_TO visit_VB these_DTS places_NNS and_CC enjoy_VB F43 63 the_ATI beauty_NN of_IN the_ATI grounds_NNS F43 64 and_CC study_VB the_ATI history_NN of_IN their_PP$ country's_NN$ F43 64 heritage_NN ._. ^ there_EX is_BEZ also_RB the_ATI F43 65 important_JJ factor_NN ,_, a_AT very_QL important_JJ factor_NN F43 65 these_DTS days_NNS ,_, of_IN the_ATI tourist_NN F43 66 industry_NN ._. ^ many_AP millions_CDS of_IN pounds_NNS are_BER F43 66 attracted_VBN to_IN this_DT country_NN by_IN F43 67 tourists_NNS from_IN various_JJ parts_NNS of_IN the_ATI world_NN who_WPR F43 67 are_BER interested_JJ in_IN F43 68 studying_VBG the_ATI centuries_NNS old_JJ houses_NNS and_CC gardens_NNS F43 68 ,_, particularly_RB those_DTS F43 69 people_NNS from_IN countries_NNS who_WPR have_HV little_AP history_NN F43 69 themselves_PPLS ._. F43 70 ^ the_ATI percentage_NN of_IN houses_NNS and_CC estates_NNS F43 70 owned_VBN by_IN local_JJ authorities_NNS F43 71 for_IN the_ATI admission_NN of_IN the_ATI public_NN to_IN the_ATI F43 71 house_NN and_CC grounds_NNS appears_VBZ to_TO be_BE F43 72 a_AT rather_RB low_JJ figure_NN and_CC one_CD1 would_MD imagine_VB F43 72 that_CS local_JJ authorities_NNS might_MD F43 73 with_IN profit_NN and_CC prestige_NN to_IN themselves_PPLS regard_VB F43 73 with_IN more_AP enthusiasm_NN the_ATI F43 74 acquisition_NN of_IN some_DTI of_IN these_DTS magnificent_JJ places_NNS F43 74 which_WDTR from_IN time_NN to_IN F43 75 time_NN become_VB available_JJ so_CS that_CS" their_PP$ history_NN F43 75 and_CC very_AP existence_NN may_MD be_BE F43 76 preserved_VBN for_IN the_ATI people_NNS ._. ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ ,_, I_PP1A F43 76 think_VB ,_, appropriate_JJ that_CS local_JJ F43 77 authorities_NNS should_MD be_BE active_JJ and_CC responsible_JJ in_IN F43 77 the_ATI preservation_NN of_IN F43 78 this_DT country's_NN$ heritage_NN and_CC it_PP3 is_BEZ regretted_VBN F43 78 that_CS opportunities_NNS appear_VB F43 79 to_TO have_HV been_BEN missed_VBN as_CS ownership_NN of_IN such_ABL F43 79 estates_NNS has_HVZ enormous_JJ prestige_NN F43 80 value_NN for_IN a_AT local_JJ authority_NN ._. F43 81 ^ powers_NNS to_TO acquire_VB ._. F43 82 ^ there_EX may_MD be_BE some_DTI hesitancy_NN in_IN the_ATI F43 82 minds_NNS of_IN local_JJ authorities_NNS F43 83 in_IN connection_NN with_IN their_PP$ powers_NNS to_TO acquire_VB F43 83 estates_NNS as_IN public_JJ parks_NNS and_CC F43 84 the_ATI economics_NN involved_VBN ._. ^ with_IN reference_NN to_IN F43 84 such_ABL powers_NNS ,_, the_ATI public_JJ F43 85 health_NN act_NN of_IN 1875_CD appears_VBZ to_TO give_VB the_ATI F43 85 necessary_JJ powers_NNS to_TO acquire_VB F43 86 lands_NNS for_IN public_JJ parks_NNS ,_, \0etc_RB ,_, amended_VBN by_IN F43 86 public_JJ health_NN acts_NNS F43 87 amendment_NN act_NN 1890_CD and_CC 1907_CD ._. ^ the_ATI national_JJ F43 87 trust_NN act_NN of_IN 1907_CD deals_NNS F43 88 with_IN arrangements_NNS with_IN local_JJ authorities_NNS and_CC F43 88 there_EX is_BEZ also_RB the_ATI F43 89 physical_JJ training_NN and_CC recreation_NN act_NN of_IN 1937_CD F43 89 dealing_VBG with_IN the_ATI F43 90 acquisition_NN of_IN playing_NN fields_NNS ,_, which_WDTR may_MD F43 90 not_XNOT be_BE absolutely_RB the_ATI reason_NN F43 91 for_IN which_WDTR an_AT authority_NN would_MD wish_VB to_TO acquire_VB F43 91 property_NN ,_, unless_CS the_ATI F43 92 lands_NNS were_BED extensive_JJ and_CC recreation_NN facilities_NNS F43 92 might_MD be_BE provided_VBN F43 93 without_IN interfering_VBG with_IN the_ATI character_NN of_IN the_ATI F43 93 estate_NN ._. F43 94 ^ some_DTI years_NNS ago_RB the_ATI ministry_NN of_IN works_NNS F43 94 set_VBD up_RP three_CD buildings_NNS F43 95 councils_NNS to_TO advise_VB the_ATI Minister_NPT on_IN the_ATI F43 95 exercise_NN of_IN his_PP$ powers_NNS in_IN F43 96 making_VBG grants_NNS towards_IN maintenance_NN and_CC repair_NN of_IN F43 96 historic_JJ buildings_NNS ._. F43 97 ^ the_ATI Minister_NPT also_RB has_HVZ powers_NNS to_TO purchase_VB ,_, F43 97 or_CC to_TO assist_VB local_JJ councils_NNS F43 98 and_CC the_ATI national_JJ trust_NN to_TO acquire_VB ,_, as_CS the_ATI F43 98 case_NN may_MD be_BE ._. ^ a_AT quarter_NN of_IN a_AT F43 99 million_CD pounds_NNS was_BEDZ provided_VBN for_IN preserving_VBG F43 99 historic_JJ properties_NNS and_CC a_AT F43 100 like_JJB amount_NN for_IN purchasing_VBG ._. ^ for_IN the_ATI year_NN F43 100 1959-60_CD-CD the_ATI sum_NN of_IN *+425,000_NNU F43 101 was_BEDZ provided_VBN for_IN preserving_VBG this_DT type_NN of_IN F43 101 building_NN ._. ^ the_ATI most_QL recent_JJ F43 102 report_NN of_IN the_ATI historic_JJ buildings_NNS council_NN for_IN F43 102 England_NP indicates_VBZ that_DT F43 103 *+500,000_NNU a_AT year_NN is_BEZ now_RN provided_VBN for_IN the_ATI F43 103 preservation_NN of_IN buildings_NNS of_IN F43 104 historic_JJ interest_NN and_CC importance_NN ._. ^ it_PP3 would_MD F43 104 appear_VB ,_, therefore_RB ,_, that_CS a_AT F43 105 local_JJ authority_NN keen_JJ to_TO acquire_VB an_AT estate_NN and_CC F43 105 property_NN in_IN their_PP$ area_NN F43 106 would_MD receive_VB considerable_JJ support_NN both_ABX by_IN virtue_NN F43 106 of_IN their_PP$ own_AP powers_NNS F43 107 and_CC by_IN the_ATI readiness_NN of_IN the_ATI government_NN to_TO F43 107 encourage_VB such_ABL an_AT F43 108 acquisition_NN ._. F43 109 ^ economics_NN ._. F43 110 ^ with_IN regards_NNS to_IN the_ATI economics_NN involved_VBN ,_, F43 110 some_DTI local_JJ F43 111 authorities_NNS have_HV purchased_VBN estates_NNS and_CC have_HV F43 111 not_XNOT only_RB carried_VBN out_RP a_AT F43 112 very_QL good_JJ business_NN deal_NN for_IN themselves_PPLS but_CC F43 112 also_RB acquired_VBN a_AT beauty_NN spot_NN F43 113 for_IN their_PP$ people_NNS ._. ^ I_PP1A find_VB ,_, however_RB ,_, F43 113 it_PP3 is_BEZ rather_RB surprising_JJ that_CS ten_CD F43 114 per_NNU \0cent_NNU" only_RB of_IN those_DTS estates_NNS that_WPR F43 114 have_HV become_VBN available_JJ during_IN F43 115 the_ATI last_AP forty_CD years_NNS are_BER used_VBN as_IN public_JJ F43 115 parks_NNS ._. ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ of_IN paramount_JJ F43 116 importance_NN to_IN the_ATI smaller_JJR but_CC expanding_JJ town_NN F43 116 that_CS its_PP$ council_NN ,_, F43 117 whenever_WRB the_ATI opportunity_NN arises_VBZ ,_, acquires_VBZ for_IN F43 117 itself_PPL an_AT estate_NN ._. ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ F43 118 an_AT investment_NN of_IN the_ATI highest_JJT value_NN which_WDTR F43 118 will_MD appreciate_VB as_CS the_ATI years_NNS F43 119 pass_VB and_CC will_MD pay_VB regular_JJ dividends_NNS not_XNOT only_RB F43 119 in_IN money_NN but_CC in_IN the_ATI F43 120 health_NN and_CC happiness_NN of_IN its_PP$ people_NNS and_CC the_ATI F43 120 enhanced_JJ prestige_NN that_WPR such_ABL F43 121 a_AT possession_NN brings_VBZ to_IN any_DTI town_NN or_CC city_NN ._. F43 122 ^ the_ATI question_NN of_IN capital_NN outlay_NN and_CC F43 122 maintenance_NN may_MD be_BE a_AT reason_NN F43 123 why_WRB some_DTI smaller_JJR authorities_NNS have_HV allowed_VBN F43 123 opportunities_NNS ,_, no_ATI doubt_NN F43 124 reluctantly_RB to_TO go_VB begging_VBG and_CC have_HV afterwards_RB F43 124 regretted_VBN their_PP$ lack_NN of_IN F43 125 enterprise_NN ._. ^ a_AT local_JJ authority_NN or_CC combination_NN F43 125 of_IN authorities_NNS should_MD F43 126 not_XNOT hesitate_VB too_QL long_RB if_CS they_PP3AS contemplate_VB F43 126 acquiring_VBG an_AT estate_NN in_IN their_PP$ F43 127 area_NN ._. ^ they_PP3AS should_MD make_VB their_PP$ decision_NN F43 127 quickly_RB ,_, as_CS delay_NN causes_VBZ F43 128 deterioration_NN of_IN buildings_NNS and_CC estate_NN which_WDTR F43 128 ultimately_RB lead_VB F43 129 to_IN unnecessarily_RB high_JJ costs_NNS in_IN maintenance_NN later_RBR F43 129 ._. ^ having_HVG acquired_VBN the_ATI F43 130 estate_NN ,_, time_NN should_MD not_XNOT be_BE lost_VBN in_IN F43 130 laying_VBG down_RP definite_JJ principles_NNS for_IN F43 131 the_ATI best_JJT use_NN of_IN the_ATI buildings_NNS ,_, the_ATI F43 131 advantages_NNS and_CC disadvantages_NNS of_IN F43 132 various_JJ methods_NNS ,_, car_NN parking_NN ,_, catering_NN ,_, F43 132 advertising_NN and_CC publicity_NN ,_, F43 133 liaison_NN with_IN public_JJ transport_NN ,_, freedom_NN from_IN F43 133 unnecessary_JJ restrictions_NNS F43 134 for_IN the_ATI public_NN ,_, provision_NN and_CC sale_NN of_IN F43 134 publications_NNS ,_, need_NN for_IN planting_NN F43 135 and_CC bedding_NN schemes_NNS ._. ^ park_NN administrators_NNS are_BER F43 135 ,_, with_IN their_PP$ wide_JJ F43 136 experience_NN ,_, ideal_JJ people_NNS to_TO undertake_VB the_ATI F43 136 management_NN of_IN historic_JJ F43 137 houses_NNS and_CC estates_NNS ._. ^ they_PP3AS clearly_RB understand_VB F43 137 the_ATI needs_NNS of_IN the_ATI public_NN F43 138 and_CC in_IN addition_NN to_IN the_ATI multitude_NN of_IN F43 138 administrative_JJ matters_NNS which_WDTR need_VB F43 139 expert_JJ attention_NN they_PP3AS are_BER sympathetic_JJ to_IN the_ATI F43 139 retention_NN of_IN the_ATI historic_JJ F43 140 characteristics_NNS of_IN estates_NNS which_WDTR should_MD at_IN F43 140 all_ABN costs_NNS be_BE preserved_VBN ._. F43 141 ^ one_CD1 unfortunately_RB sees_VBZ historic_JJ features_NNS F43 141 carelessly_RB lost_VBN when_WRB F43 142 estates_NNS fall_VB into_IN unsympathetic_JJ hands_NNS ._. ^ F43 142 buildings_NNS are_BER *'_*' converted_VBN **'_**' ,_, F43 143 handsome_JJ trees_NNS removed_VBN ,_, novelties_NNS introduced_VBN F43 143 which_WDTR to_IN the_ATI thinking_JJ F43 144 person_NN are_BER gauche_JJ and_CC repellant_JJ ._. ^ many_AP will_MD F43 144 have_HV ,_, I_PP1A am_BEM sure_JJ ,_, visited_VBN F43 145 at_IN various_JJ times_NNS historic_JJ estates_NNS hoping_VBG to_TO F43 145 enjoy_VB their_PP$ carefully_RB F43 146 preserved_JJ glories_NNS only_RB to_TO find_VB numerous_JJ and_CC F43 146 varied_JJ *'_*' catchpenny_JJ F43 147 attractions_NNS **'_**' which_WDTR completely_RB destroy_VB the_ATI F43 147 character_NN and_CC atmosphere_NN F43 148 of_IN the_ATI place_NN and_CC cause_VB the_ATI visitor_NN pain_NN F43 148 instead_RB of_IN pleasure_NN ._. ^ I_PP1A have_HV F43 149 always_RB found_VBN parks_NNS people_NNS conscious_JJ of_IN the_ATI F43 149 necessity_NN to_TO preserve_VB the_ATI F43 150 character_NN and_CC atmosphere_NN of_IN any_DTI historic_JJ estate_NN F43 150 in_IN their_PP$ care_NN and_CC are_BER F43 151 capable_JJ of_IN making_VBG the_ATI requisite_JJ provision_NN for_IN F43 151 accommodating_VBG F43 152 large_JJ numbers_NNS of_IN the_ATI public_NN and_CC at_IN the_ATI F43 152 same_AP time_NN retaining_VBG its_PP$ charm_NN F43 153 and_CC grandeur_NN ._. F43 154 ^ Nottingham's_NP$ estates_NNS ._. F43 155 ^ three_CD historic_JJ places_NNS are_BER controlled_VBN by_IN F43 155 the_ATI parks_NNS committee_NN of_IN F43 156 the_ATI city_NN of_IN Nottingham_NP ._. F43 157 ^ Wollaton_NP Hall_NPL ,_, originally_RB 774_CD acres_NNS ,_, F43 157 was_BEDZ acquired_VBN by_IN the_ATI F43 158 Nottingham_NP corporation_NN in_IN 1925_CD for_IN *+200,000_NNU (_( F43 158 a_AT fair_JJ sum_NN at_IN that_DT F43 159 time_NN !_! )_) ._. ^ selective_JJ development_NN by_IN the_ATI F43 159 corporation_NN and_CC private_JJ builders_NNS F43 160 took_VBD place_NN on_IN the_ATI fringe_NN of_IN the_ATI estate_NN F43 160 and_CC houses_NNS ,_, schools_NNS ,_, places_NNS of_IN F43 161 worship_NN ,_, and_CC licensed_JJ premises_NNS ,_, were_BED built_VBN F43 161 and_CC part_NN of_IN a_AT most_QL valuable_JJ F43 162 ring_NN road_NN was_BEDZ laid_VBN out_RP ._. ^ the_ATI buildings_NNS F43 162 were_BED designed_VBN in_IN a_AT style_NN to_TO F43 163 blend_VB with_IN the_ATI existing_JJ character_NN of_IN the_ATI F43 163 environs_NNS of_IN the_ATI district_NN and_CC F43 164 this_DT area_NN is_BEZ now_RN regarded_VBN as_IN a_AT fashionable_JJ F43 164 residential_JJ suburb_NN of_IN the_ATI F43 165 city_NN ,_, and_CC the_ATI ring_NN road_NN with_IN its_PP$ mature_JJ F43 165 planting_NN and_CC grass_NN verges_NNS has_HVZ F43 166 proved_VBN to_TO be_BE a_AT main_JJB traffic_NN artery_NN and_CC F43 166 has_HVZ blended_VBN perfectly_RB into_IN the_ATI F43 167 natural_JJ beauty_NN of_IN the_ATI existing_JJ estate_NN ._. F43 168 ^ the_ATI financial_JJ return_NN from_IN this_DT development_NN ,_, F43 168 defrayed_VBD the_ATI actual_JJ F43 169 cost_NN of_IN the_ATI purchase_NN ,_, and_CC over_RB 600_CD acres_NNS F43 169 of_IN beautiful_JJ park_NN land_NN ,_, laid_VBN F43 170 out_RP after_IN the_ATI style_NN of_IN *'_*' Capability_NP **'_**' F43 170 Brown_NP still_RB remains_VBZ for_IN the_ATI F43 171 benefit_NN of_IN the_ATI public_NN ._. ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ estimated_VBN F43 171 that_CS over_RB one_CD1 million_CD people_NNS F43 172 avail_VB themselves_PPLS of_IN this_DT park_NN each_DT year_NN ._. ^ F43 172 development_NN within_IN the_ATI park_NN F43 173 has_HVZ not_XNOT detracted_VBN from_IN its_PP$ original_JJ style_NN F43 173 *-_*- one_CD1 can_MD be_BE excused_VBN such_ABL F43 174 necessary_JJ requirements_NNS of_IN the_ATI modern_JJ age_NN as_IN F43 174 car_NN parks_NNS and_CC refreshment_NN F43 175 kiosks_NNS ._. ^ a_AT golf_NN course_NN covering_VBG 136_CD acres_NNS F43 175 was_BEDZ laid_VBN out_RP and_CC although_CS F43 176 still_RB under_IN municipal_JJ control_NN and_CC available_JJ to_IN F43 176 any_DTI member_NN of_IN the_ATI F43 177 public_NN is_BEZ leased_VBN to_IN the_ATI Wollaton_NP park_NN golf_NN F43 177 club_NN for_IN *+1,500_NNU per_IN F43 178 annum_NN ,_, plus_IN rates_NNS ,_, the_ATI club_NN maintaining_VBG F43 178 the_ATI course_NN and_CC the_ATI club_NN F43 179 House_NPL ._. ^ two_CD herds_NNS of_IN deer_NNS abound_VB the_ATI F43 179 park_NN ._. ^ a_AT 35_CD acre_NN lake_NN F43 180 is_BEZ fished_VBN by_IN fee_NN and_CC brings_VBZ in_RP some_DTI F43 180 *+300_NNU ._. ^ the_ATI building_NN ,_, Elizabethan_JNP F43 181 (_( 1580-85_CD-CD )_) ,_, is_BEZ used_VBN as_IN a_AT natural_JJ F43 181 history_NN museum_NN and_CC attracts_VBZ 200,000_CD F43 182 visitors_NNS a_AT year_NN ._. ^ this_DT is_BEZ valuable_JJ for_IN F43 182 students_NNS from_IN the_ATI neighbouring_JJ F43 183 University_NPL and_CC the_ATI City_NPL schools_NNS ._. ^ the_ATI F43 183 park_NN still_RB retains_VBZ its_PP$ F43 184 collection_NN of_IN trees_NNS and_CC the_ATI gardens_NNS are_BER F43 184 bedded_VBN out_RP attractively_RB ._. ^ the_ATI F43 185 9_CD acre_NN walled-in_JJB kitchen_NN garden_NN is_BEZ now_RN a_AT F43 185 most_QL valuable_JJ nursery_NN and_CC F43 186 makes_VBZ a_AT great_JJ contribution_NN to_IN the_ATI plant_NN F43 186 requirements_NNS of_IN the_ATI F43 187 department_NN ._. F43 188 ^ the_ATI park_NN has_HVZ also_RB housed_VBN over_RB thirty_CD F43 188 major_JJ promotions_NNS ,_, including_IN F43 189 the_ATI royal_JJ show_NN ,_, the_ATI Bath_NP and_CC west_NR and_CC F43 189 southern_JJ counties_NNS show_NN ,_, and_CC the_ATI F43 190 royal_JJ command_NN military_JJ tattoo_NN ,_, all_ABN of_IN these_DTS F43 190 events_NNS being_BEG accommodated_VBN F43 191 (_( inclusive_JJ of_IN car_NN parks_NNS )_) without_IN causing_VBG F43 191 damage_NN or_CC disruption_NN and_CC F43 192 without_IN completely_RB closing_VBG the_ATI whole_NN of_IN the_ATI F43 192 park_NN ._. ^ the_ATI fact_NN that_CS a_AT F43 193 local_JJ authority_NN can_MD accommodate_VB such_ABL functions_NNS F43 193 as_IN these_DTS not_XNOT only_RB F43 194 attracts_VBZ first-class_JJ publicity_NN to_IN the_ATI authority_NN F43 194 but_CC also_RB has_HVZ a_AT F43 195 considerable_JJ economic_JJ and_CC prestige_NN value_NN ._. F44 2 ^ Frankie_NP Vaughan_NP writes_VBZ about_IN *'_*' the_ATI people_NNS F44 2 I_PP1A meet_VB **'_**' ._. F44 3 ^ Elvis_NP ,_, Sammy_NP Davis_NP ,_, Billy_NP Eckstine_NP ,_, Gogi_NP F44 3 Grant_NP ,_, Pat_NP Boone_NP ,_, Vic_NP F44 4 Damone_NP ._. F44 5 ^ every_AT time_NN I_PP1A visit_VB America_NP I_PP1A seem_VB to_TO F44 5 meet_VB many_AP interesting_JJ F44 6 people_NNS ._. ^ my_PP$ last_AP was_BEDZ no_ATI exception_NN ._. ^ F44 6 the_ATI most_QL surprising_JJ ,_, though_RB ,_, was_BEDZ F44 7 Elvis_NP Presley_NP *-_*- I_PP1A almost_RB literally_RB bumped_VBD F44 7 into_IN him_PP3O !_! F44 8 ^ I_PP1A was_BEDZ leaving_VBG the_ATI restaurant_NN at_IN the_ATI F44 8 20th_OD Century-Fox_NP studios_NNS a_AP F44 9 few_AP" days_NNS before_CS I_PP1A flew_VBD home_NR from_IN Hollywood_NP F44 9 ._. ^ I_PP1A noticed_VBD a_AT football_NN F44 10 flying_VBG over_IN a_AT wall_NN between_IN two_CD lots_NNS ._. F44 11 ^ not_XNOT the_ATI sort_NN of_IN bloke_NN to_TO miss_VB a_AT F44 11 chance_NN ,_, I_PP1A went_VBD to_TO trap_VB it_PP3 with_IN my_PP$ F44 12 foot_NN ._. ^ another_DT fellow_NN was_BEDZ running_VBG after_IN it_PP3 F44 12 ,_, too_RB ,_, and_CC we_PP1AS collided_VBD with_IN F44 13 what_WDT ,_, for_IN me_PP1O at_IN any_DTI rate_NN ,_, was_BEDZ an_AT F44 13 almighty_JJ bump_NN ._. F44 14 ^ some_DTI others_APS came_VBD over_RP from_IN their_PP$ game_NN F44 14 and_CC helped_VBD me_PP1O to_IN my_PP$ feet_NNS ._. F44 15 ^ one_CD1 of_IN them_PP3OS said_VBD :_: ^ *'_*' you_PP2 're_BER F44 15 Frankie_NP Vaughan_NP ,_, are_BER n't_XNOT you_PP2 ?_? **'_**' ^ *'_*' F44 15 yes_UH ,_, I_PP1A F44 16 am_BEM ,_, **'_**' I_PP1A replied_VBD ,_, *'_*' and_CC you_PP2 must_MD F44 16 be_BE Elvis_NP ._. **'_**' F44 17 ^ with_IN some_DTI friends_NNS he_PP3A had_HVD been_BEN playing_VBG F44 17 a_AT version_NN of_IN American_JNP F44 18 football_NN during_IN his_PP$ lunch_NN break_NN ._. ^ as_CS we_PP1AS F44 18 chatted_VBD a_AT car_NN went_VBD by_RP ,_, with_IN F44 19 the_ATI driver_NN shouting_VBG at_IN Elvis_NP ,_, telling_VBG him_PP3O F44 19 off_RP for_IN being_BEG in_IN the_ATI F44 20 roadway_NN ._. F44 21 ^ you_PP2 should_MD have_HV seen_VBN his_PP$ eyes_NNS goggle_VB F44 21 when_WRB he_PP3A realised_VBD who_WP he_PP3A had_HVD F44 22 been_BEN telling_VBG off_RP !_! F44 23 ^ I_PP1A found_VBD Elvis_NP a_AT very_QL likeable_JJ young_JJ man_NN F44 23 ._. ^ he_PP3A seems_VBZ to_TO have_HV lots_NNS F44 24 of_IN energy_NN and_CC a_AT great_JJ enthusiasm_NN for_IN life_NN ._. F44 25 ^ Juliet_NP Prowse_NP ,_, my_PP$ co-star_NN in_IN *'_*' the_ATI F44 25 right_JJ approach_NN ,_, **'_**' the_ATI film_NN F44 26 that_WPR had_HVD taken_VBN me_PP1O to_IN Hollywood_NP ,_, had_HVD F44 26 worked_VBN with_IN Elvis_NP in_IN *'_*' \0GI_NN F44 27 blues_NN ,_, **'_**' as_CS you_PP2 know_VB ._. ^ she_PP3A told_VBD F44 27 me_PP1O how_WRB nice_JJ he_PP3A had_HVD been_BEN to_IN her_PP3O F44 27 when_WRB F44 28 they_PP3AS were_BED making_VBG that_DT picture_NN together_RB ._. F44 29 ^ my_PP$ last_AP visit_NN was_BEDZ very_QL much_RB a_AT working_NN F44 29 trip_NN ._. ^ there_EX was_BEDZ n't_XNOT much_AP F44 30 time_NN for_IN fun_NN ._. ^ we_PP1AS made_VBD *'_*' the_ATI right_JJ F44 30 approach_NN **'_**' very_QL quickly_RB ,_, and_CC it_PP3 F44 31 was_BEDZ hard_JJ work_NN ._. ^ I_PP1A was_BEDZ on_IN the_ATI go_NN F44 31 seven_CD days_NNS a_AT week_NN ._. F44 32 ^ even_RB when_WRB there_EX was_BEDZ no_ATI actual_JJ filming_NN F44 32 at_IN weekends_NNS ,_, I_PP1A was_BEDZ busy_JJ F44 33 learning_VBG my_PP$ lines_NNS ,_, having_HVG costume_NN fittings_NNS F44 33 ,_, rehearsing_VBG or_CC meeting_VBG the_ATI F44 34 publicity_NN people_NNS ._. F44 35 ^ no_ATI place_NN in_IN the_ATI sun_NN ._. F44 36 ^ I_PP1A missed_VBD getting_VBG into_IN the_ATI sun_NN *-_*- F44 36 there_EX just_RB was_BEDZ n't_XNOT the_ATI time_NN ._. F44 37 ^ *'_*' the_ATI right_JJ approach_NN **'_**' gives_VBZ me_PP1O F44 37 my_PP$ toughest_JJT part_NN so_QL far_RB ._. ^ I_PP1A play_VB F44 38 a_AT real_JJ rat_NN ._. ^ when_WRB Gary_NP Crosby_NP is_BEZ F44 38 auditioning_VBG for_IN a_AT cabaret_NN engagement_NN F44 39 I_PP1A have_HV to_TO show_VB off_RP in_IN front_IN" of_IN" a_AT girl_NN F44 39 and_CC I_PP1A mess_VB up_RP his_PP$ routine_NN ._. F44 40 ^ after_IN interrupting_VBG his_PP$ song_NN I_PP1A take_VB it_PP3 F44 40 over_RP completely_RB halfway_RB F44 41 through_RP ,_, much_RB to_IN his_PP$ annoyance_NN !_! F44 42 ^ apart_IN from_IN" this_DT ,_, I_PP1A have_HV three_CD other_AP F44 42 songs_NNS which_WDTR I_PP1A filmed_VBD by_IN F44 43 myself_PPL ._. ^ but_CC do_DO n't_XNOT think_VB the_ATI picture_NN F44 43 is_BEZ a_AT musical_NN ._. ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ a_AT drama_NN ,_, but_CC F44 44 the_ATI songs_NNS are_BER fitted_VBN into_IN it_PP3 naturally_RB F44 44 without_IN affecting_VBG the_ATI action_NN ._. F44 45 ^ I_PP1A made_VBD time_NN to_TO meet_VB several_AP old_JJ F44 45 friends_NNS during_IN my_PP$ time_NN in_IN F44 46 Hollywood_NP ._. ^ Stella_NP and_CC I_PP1A went_VBD to_IN Billy_NP F44 46 Eckstine's_NP$ opening_NN at_IN the_ATI F44 47 Crescendo_NP ,_, and_CC had_HVD dinner_NN with_IN him_PP3O F44 47 afterwards_RB ._. F44 48 ^ we_PP1AS also_RB dined_VBD with_IN Gogi_NP Grant_NP and_CC her_PP$ F44 48 lawyer-husband_NN ._. ^ Wilfred_NP F44 49 Hyde_NP White_NP ,_, who_WPR was_BEDZ in_IN *'_*' let_VB 's_PP1OS F44 49 make_VB love_NN **'_**' with_IN me_PP1O ,_, was_BEDZ also_RB back_RP F44 49 in_IN F44 50 Hollywood_NP *-_*- making_VBG a_AT film_NN with_IN Danny_NP Kaye_NP F44 50 *-_*- and_CC we_PP1AS saw_VBD quite_ABL a_AT lot_NN of_IN F44 51 him_PP3O and_CC his_PP$ wife_NN ,_, Ethel_NP ,_, who_WPR is_BEZ F44 51 shortly_RB expecting_VBG her_PP$ second_OD baby_NN ._. F44 52 ^ Pat_NP Boone_NP was_BEDZ at_IN the_ATI 20th_OD Century-Fox_NP F44 52 studios_NNS making_VBG *'_*' warm_JJ F44 53 bodies_NNS ._. **'_**' ^ I_PP1A have_HV known_VBN him_PP3O for_IN F44 53 some_DTI time_NN and_CC looked_VBD him_PP3O up_RP again_RB ._. F44 54 ^ he_PP3A is_BEZ a_AT really_RB nice_JJ person_NN ._. F44 55 ^ so_PN is_BEZ Buddy_NP Hackett_NP ,_, the_ATI comedian_NN ,_, F44 55 who_WPR was_BEDZ in_IN the_ATI same_AP film_NN ._. F44 56 ^ Dana_NP Andrews_NP was_BEDZ also_RB at_IN the_ATI 20th_OD F44 56 Century-Fox_NP studios_NNS making_VBG F44 57 *'_*' Madison_NP Avenue_NPL ._. **'_**' F44 58 ^ before_CS I_PP1A began_VBD the_ATI film_NN ,_, I_PP1A played_VBD F44 58 my_PP$ second_OD season_NN at_IN the_ATI Dunes_NP F44 59 Hotel_NPL ,_, Las_NP Vegas_NP ._. ^ while_CS there_RN I_PP1A spent_VBD F44 59 a_AT lot_NN of_IN time_NN with_IN Sammy_NP Davis_NP ._. F44 60 ^ he_PP3A was_BEDZ appearing_VBG there_RN ,_, at_IN the_ATI F44 60 Sands_NPLS ,_, but_CC he_PP3A managed_VBD to_TO come_VB in_RP F44 61 to_IN my_PP$ late_JJ show_NN *-_*- the_ATI third_OD of_IN the_ATI F44 61 night_NN ._. ^ I_PP1A frequently_RB joined_VBD him_PP3O at_IN F44 62 his_PP$ hotel_NN later_RBR ._. F44 63 ^ he_PP3A used_VBD to_TO organise_VB film_NN shows_NNS in_IN his_PP$ F44 63 suite_NN ._. ^ often_RB there_EX were_BED a_AT F44 64 lot_NN of_IN friends_NNS there_RN and_CC they_PP3AS were_BED always_RB F44 64 great_JJ fun_NN ._. ^ the_ATI shows_NNS lasted_VBD F44 65 about_RB two_CD hours_NNS ,_, after_IN which_WDTR I_PP1A had_HVD F44 65 some_DTI breakfast_NN and_CC then_RN went_VBD to_IN F44 66 bed_NN !_! F44 67 ^ it_PP3 meant_VBD keeping_VBG crazy_JJ hours_NNS ,_, as_CS it_PP3 F44 67 was_BEDZ often_RB past_IN noon_NN when_WRB I_PP1A F44 68 got_VBD up_RP again_RB ._. ^ but_CC then_RN ,_, that_DT 's_BEZ Las_NP F44 68 Vegas_NP !_! F44 69 ^ Basil_NP Tait_NP ,_, who_WPR is_BEZ now_RN my_PP$ accompanist_NN F44 69 and_CC musical_JJ director_NN ,_, was_BEDZ F44 70 making_VBG his_PP$ first_OD trip_NN to_IN Vegas_NP ,_, and_CC I_PP1A F44 70 had_HVD to_TO show_VB him_PP3O the_ATI sights_NNS ._. ^ I_PP1A F44 71 soon_RB had_HVD him_PP3O familiar_JJ with_IN all_ABN the_ATI ropes_NNS F44 71 ._. F44 72 ^ we_PP1AS went_VBD into_IN the_ATI mountains_NNS taking_VBG F44 72 private_JJ movies_NNS and_CC went_VBD out_RP F44 73 into_IN the_ATI desert_NN for_IN some_DTI fishing_NN from_IN a_AT F44 73 lake_NN ._. F44 74 ^ Vic_NP Damone_NP was_BEDZ another_DT singer_NN I_PP1A met_VBD F44 74 during_IN my_PP$ stay_NN ._. ^ Betty_NP Grable_NP F44 75 and_CC her_PP$ husband_NN ,_, bandleader_NN Harry_NP James_NP ,_, F44 75 were_BED both_ABX appearing_VBG in_IN Vegas_NP ,_, F44 76 but_CC at_IN different_JJ venues_NNS *-_*- Betty_NP at_IN the_ATI F44 76 Sahara_NP and_CC Harry_NP at_IN the_ATI F44 77 Flamingo_NP ._. F44 78 ^ a_AT future_NN in_IN films_NNS for_IN Russ_NP Conway_NP Britain's_NP$ F44 78 keyboard_NN king_NN ._. F44 79 ^ Russ_NP Conway's_NP$ injured_JJ hand_NN has_HVZ given_VBN him_PP3O F44 79 time_NN to_TO think_VB *-_*- and_CC F44 80 the_ATI result_NN may_MD well_RB be_BE that_CS a_AT new_JJ field_NN F44 80 of_IN entertainment_NN will_MD open_VB up_RP F44 81 for_IN him_PP3O in_IN 1961_CD ._. F44 82 ^ it_PP3 was_BEDZ towards_IN the_ATI end_NN of_IN November_NR F44 82 you_PP2 may_MD recall_VB ,_, that_CS Russ_NP had_HVD F44 83 to_TO withdraw_VB from_IN the_ATI London_NP Palladium_NP revue_NN *'_*' F44 83 stars_NNS in_IN your_PP$ eyes_NNS ._. **'_**' F44 84 ^ a_AT fall_NN in_IN which_WDTR he_PP3A had_HVD suffered_VBN a_AT F44 84 severely_RB bruised_JJ hand_NN and_CC wrist_NN was_BEDZ F44 85 the_ATI cause_NN ._. F44 86 ^ no_PN one_PN" was_BEDZ more_QL disappointed_JJ than_IN Russ_NP ,_, F44 86 even_CS though_CS" it_PP3 meant_VBD he_PP3A F44 87 could_MD have_HV a_AT holiday_NN a_RB little_RB" sooner_RBR than_CS F44 87 he_PP3A anticipated_VBD ._. ^ for_IN about_RB a_AT F44 88 month_NN he_PP3A was_BEDZ out_RP of_IN action_NN ,_, but_CC put_VBD F44 88 that_DT time_NN to_IN good_JJ use_NN *-_*- for_CS he_PP3A has_HVZ F44 89 now_RN decided_VBN that_CS he_PP3A would_MD like_VB to_TO make_VB a_AT F44 89 name_NN in_IN films_NNS !_! F44 90 ^ at_IN about_RB the_ATI same_AP time_NN as_CS Russ_NP withdrew_VBD F44 90 from_IN the_ATI Palladium_NP show_NN ,_, F44 91 he_PP3A filmed_VBD his_PP$ contribution_NN to_IN a_AT British_JNP F44 91 comedy_NN film_NN ,_, *'_*' weekend_NN with_IN F44 92 Lulu_NP ._. **'_**' ^ this_DT was_BEDZ his_PP$ second_OD exploit_NN F44 92 with_IN the_ATI celluloid_NN screen_NN *-_*- he_PP3A F44 93 previously_RB appeared_VBD in_IN *'_*' climb_NN up_IN the_ATI wall_NN F44 93 ._. **'_**' F44 94 ^ now_RN Russ_NP is_BEZ quite_RB open_JJ about_IN his_PP$ hopes_NNS F44 94 for_IN the_ATI future_NN *-_*- he_PP3A has_HVZ F44 95 taken_VBN such_ABL a_AT liking_NN to_IN film_NN work_NN that_CS he_PP3A F44 95 wants_VBZ to_TO branch_VB out_RP in_IN this_DT F44 96 side_NN of_IN show_NN business_NN ,_, and_CC he_PP3A is_BEZ already_RB F44 96 discussing_VBG a_AT project_NN to_TO make_VB F44 97 a_AT movie_NN during_IN the_ATI summer_NN ._. F44 98 ^ he_PP3A admitted_VBD :_: ^ *'_*' I_PP1A suppose_VB I_PP1A have_HV F44 98 really_RB got_VBN a_AT bug_NN about_IN film_NN F44 99 making_NN ._. ^ I_PP1A enjoy_VB it_PP3 very_QL much_RB *-_*- F44 99 particularly_RB as_CS the_ATI method_NN and_CC medium_NN F44 100 are_BER so_QL different_JJ from_IN television_NN ._. **'_**' F44 102 ^ do_DO n't_XNOT think_VB ,_, though_RB ,_, that_CS the_ATI F44 102 versatile_JJ \0Mr_NPT Conway_NP is_BEZ going_VBG to_TO F44 103 desert_VB variety_NN ,_, \0TV_NN and_CC discs_NNS ._. F44 104 ^ a_AT taped_JJ \0ATV_NP series_NN ,_, with_IN a_AT scheduled_JJ F44 104 start_NN of_IN F44 105 January_NR 5_CD ,_, has_HVZ been_BEN keeping_VBG him_PP3O busy_JJ F44 105 for_IN some_DTI time_NN ,_, as_CC well_CC" as_CC" talks_NNS F44 106 and_CC policy-making_NN meetings_NNS for_IN his_PP$ future_NN ._. F44 107 ^ he_PP3A excited_VBD a_AT lot_NN of_IN curiosity_NN by_IN F44 107 announcing_VBG his_PP$ intention_NN of_IN F44 108 taking_VBG a_AT holiday_NN in_IN Australia_NP this_DT month_NN ,_, F44 108 particularly_RB when_WRB he_PP3A F44 109 stressed_VBD that_CS he_PP3A was_BEDZ determined_JJ not_XNOT to_TO F44 109 let_VB it_PP3 develop_VB into_IN a_AT working_NN F44 110 trip_NN !_! F44 111 ^ the_ATI truth_NN is_BEZ ,_, of_RB course_RB" ,_, that_CS the_ATI F44 111 Australians_NNPS are_BER great_JJ followers_NNS F44 112 of_IN Russ_NP ,_, and_CC Conway_NP realised_VBD that_CS overtures_NNS F44 112 might_MD be_BE made_VBN to_IN him_PP3O to_TO F44 113 make_VB at_RB least_RB" a_AT token_NN appearance_NN on_IN a_AT big_JJ F44 113 \0TV_NN show_NN ._. F44 114 ^ his_PP$ plan_NN ,_, however_RB ,_, is_BEZ to_TO consider_VB F44 114 any_DTI offers_NNS that_WPR come_VB his_PP$ way_NN F44 115 from_IN Australian_JNP promoters_NNS and_CC agents_NNS *-_*- but_CC F44 115 with_IN a_AT view_NN to_IN working_VBG F44 116 there_RN some_DTI time_NN in_IN the_ATI future_NN ._. ^ the_ATI F44 116 reason_NN he_PP3A is_BEZ so_QL serious_JJ about_IN F44 117 making_VBG this_DT a_AT holiday-only_JJB trip_NN ?_? ^ *'_*' this_DT F44 117 could_MD be_BE the_ATI last_AP vacation_NN I_PP1A F44 118 shall_MD have_HV for_IN several_AP years_NNS ,_, **'_**' he_PP3A F44 118 explained_VBD ._. F44 119 ^ what_WDT can_MD we_PP1AS expect_VB from_IN Russ_NP in_IN 1961_CD F44 119 ?_? ^ well_UH ,_, on_IN his_PP$ return_NN from_IN F44 120 *'_*' down_RP under_RP **'_**' at_IN the_ATI end_NN of_IN next_AP F44 120 month_NN ,_, he_PP3A will_MD begin_VB to_TO prepare_VB for_IN F44 121 his_PP$ starring_JJ appearance_NN in_IN Coventry_NP Theatre's_NPL$ F44 121 colourful_JJ (_( not_XNOT to_TO F44 122 mention_VB star-studded_JJ )_) *'_*' spring_NN show_NN ,_, **'_**' F44 122 which_WDTR opens_VBZ on_IN Easter_NP Monday_NR ._. F44 123 ^ as_CS previously_RB stated_VBN ,_, a_AT film_NN could_MD follow_VB F44 123 this_DT ,_, taking_VBG Russ_NP into_IN F44 124 the_ATI middle_NN of_IN the_ATI summer_NN ._. ^ what_WDT will_MD F44 124 happen_VB after_IN that_DT ,_, even_RB Russ_NP F44 125 does_DOZ n't_XNOT know_VB !_! F44 126 ^ one_CD1 thing_NN is_BEZ certain_JJ ._. ^ many_AP artists_NNS F44 126 would_MD be_BE terrified_JJ of_IN a_AT F44 127 sudden_JJ month-long_JJ break_NN in_IN their_PP$ career_NN *-_*- it_PP3 F44 127 could_MD spell_VB disaster_NN and_CC F44 128 eventual_JJ ruin_NN ._. F44 129 ^ but_CC Russ_NP Conway_NP is_BEZ the_ATI sort_NN of_IN person_NN F44 129 with_IN whom_WPOR that_DT indefinable_JJ F44 130 creature_NN Success_NP ,_, and_CC her_PP$ elusive_JJ companion_NN F44 130 Luck_NP ,_, always_RB stay_VB ._. ^ why_UH ,_, F44 131 his_PP$ *'_*' even_RB more_AP party_NN pops_NNS **'_**' disc_NN F44 131 moved_VBD into_IN the_ATI charts_NNS during_IN his_PP$ F44 132 absence_NN from_IN the_ATI public_JJ eye_NN ,_, and_CC sold_VBD in_IN F44 132 a_AT large_JJ enough_QLP quantity_NN to_TO F44 133 ensure_VB that_CS there_EX will_MD be_BE thousands_CDS spinning_VBG F44 133 his_PP$ discs_NNS this_DT Christmas_NP ._. F44 134 ^ perhaps_RB the_ATI nicest_JJT thing_NN said_VBN about_IN Russ_NP F44 134 was_BEDZ by_IN a_AT hardened_JJ music_NN F44 135 publisher_NN as_CS he_PP3A paused_VBD to_TO talk_VB to_IN a_AT F44 135 friend_NN in_IN Tin_NP Pan_NP Alley_NPL *-_*- London's_NP$ F44 136 Denmark_NP Street_NPL ._. F44 137 ^ *'_*' what_WDT a_AT shame_NN about_IN Russ_NP Conway_NP F44 137 leaving_VBG the_ATI Palladium_NP show_NN ,_, **'_**' F44 138 he_PP3A said_VBD ._. ^ *'_*' still_RB ,_, even_CS if_CS" he_PP3A 's_HVZ F44 138 got_VBN a_AT swollen_JJ hand_NN there_EX 's_BEZ no_ATI danger_NN F44 139 of_IN it_PP3 spreading_VBG to_IN his_PP$ head_NN !_! **'_**' F44 140 ^ the_ATI Shadows'_NPS$ private_JJ lives_NNS ._. F44 141 ^ what_WDT do_DO the_ATI Shadows_NPS do_DO when_WRB they_PP3AS F44 141 are_BER away_RP from_IN the_ATI hustle_NN and_CC F44 142 bustle_NN of_IN theatres_NNS and_CC showbusiness_NN ?_? ^ what_WDT F44 142 are_BER their_PP$ hobbies_NNS ?_? ^ to_TO find_VB F44 143 out_RP the_ATI answers_NNS to_IN these_DTS questions_NNS (_( F44 143 incidentally_RB ,_, favourite_JJB queries_NNS F44 144 from_IN fans_NNS )_) ,_, hit_NN parade_NN asked_VBD each_DT of_IN F44 144 the_ATI chart-topping_JJ group_NN to_TO F44 145 reveal_VB a_AP little_AP" of_IN their_PP$ private_JJ lives_NNS ._. F44 146 ^ Jet_NP Harris_NP ,_, bass_NN guitarist_NN and_CC leader_NN of_IN F44 146 the_ATI group_NN is_BEZ a_AT keen_JJ F44 147 racing_NN driver_NN ._. ^ he_PP3A has_HVZ an_AT ambition_NN to_TO F44 147 race_VB in_IN the_ATI Monte_NP Carlo_NP rally_NN ,_, F44 148 though_CS he_PP3A is_BEZ not_XNOT set_VBN upon_IN winning_VBG it_PP3 F44 148 ._. ^ *'_*' I_PP1A would_MD enter_VB just_RB for_IN the_ATI F44 149 thrill_NN ,_, **'_**' he_PP3A says_VBZ ._. F44 150 ^ he_PP3A has_HVZ other_AP part-time_JJB occupations_NNS ,_, in_IN F44 150 addition_NN to_IN his_PP$ race_NN F44 151 driving_NN ._. ^ for_IN instance_NN ,_, he_PP3A is_BEZ a_AT keen_JJ F44 151 archer_NN and_CC snooker_NN player_NN ._. ^ he_PP3A is_BEZ F44 152 not_XNOT often_RB taken_VBN seriously_RB when_WRB he_PP3A says_VBZ F44 152 that_CS he_PP3A would_MD like_VB to_TO emulate_VB F44 153 William_NP Tell's_NP$ famous_JJ feat_NN ,_, but_CC he_PP3A is_BEZ F44 153 practising_VBG hard_RB for_IN an_AT F44 154 achievement_NN in_IN this_DT direction_NN ._. F44 155 ^ in_IN snooker_NN ,_, he_PP3A has_HVZ another_DT aim_NN *-_*- to_TO F44 155 play_VB former_AP world_NN champion_NN F44 156 Joe_NP Davis_NP !_! F44 157 ^ of_RB course_RB" ,_, it_PP3 's_BEZ natural_JJ that_CS Jet_NP F44 157 should_MD have_HV composing_NN as_IN an_AT F44 158 additional_JJ hobby_NN ,_, for_IN no_ATI matter_NN how_WRB hard_RB F44 158 you_PP2 try_VB ,_, it_PP3 's_BEZ no_ATI simple_JJ F44 159 matter_NN to_TO break_VB away_RP from_IN showbusiness_NN entirely_RB F44 159 ._. F44 160 ^ writing_NN ,_, too_RB ,_, takes_VBZ up_RP his_PP$ time_NN ._. ^ F44 160 once_RB he_PP3A wrote_VBD a_AT book_NN with_IN poet_NN F44 161 Royston_NP Ellis_NP *-_*- titled_VBN *'_*' driftin'_VBG ,_, **'_**' F44 161 it_PP3 sold_VBD some_DTI 300,000_CD copies_NNS *-_*- F44 162 and_CC no_ATI wonder_NN ,_, for_CS it_PP3 was_BEDZ about_IN Cliff_NP F44 162 Richard_NP !_! F44 163 ^ Bruce_NP Welch_NP ,_, perhaps_RB the_ATI best-known_JJT of_IN F44 163 the_ATI group_NN in_IN the_ATI composing_NN F44 164 line_NN ,_, spends_VBZ a_AT great_JJ deal_NN of_IN time_NN with_IN F44 164 his_PP$ music_NN ._. ^ he_PP3A has_HVZ written_VBN two_CD F44 165 of_IN Cliff's_NP$ hits_NNS *-_*- *'_*' please_UH do_DO n't_XNOT F44 165 tease_VB **'_**' and_CC *'_*' I_PP1A love_VB you_PP2 ,_, **'_**' and_CC F44 165 he_PP3A F44 166 worked_VBD on_IN many_AP of_IN the_ATI numbers_NNS for_IN the_ATI *'_*' F44 166 me_PP1O and_CC my_PP$ shadows_NNS **'_**' \0LP_NN F44 167 ._. ^ he_PP3A has_HVZ n't_XNOT always_RB been_BEN successful_JJ F44 167 in_IN this_DT direction_NN ,_, though_RB ,_, and_CC F44 168 he_PP3A has_HVZ some_DTI stories_NNS to_TO tell_VB about_IN his_PP$ F44 168 early_JJ days_NNS in_IN showbusiness_NN that_WPR F44 169 are_BER hard_JJ to_TO believe_VB ,_, compared_VBN with_IN his_PP$ F44 169 present-day_JJB success_NN ._. F44 170 ^ does_DOZ it_PP3 surprise_VB you_PP2 to_TO know_VB that_CS Bruce_NP F44 170 and_CC Hank_NP Marvin_NP when_WRB they_PP3AS F44 171 first_RB moved_VBD to_IN London_NP from_IN Newcastle_NP sometimes_RB F44 171 were_BED on_IN the_ATI verge_NN of_IN F44 172 starving_VBG ?_? ^ in_IN fact_NN ,_, according_IN to_IN" Bruce_NP ~ F44 172 *'_*' at_IN times_NNS we_PP1AS were_BED so_QL hungry_JJ F44 173 we_PP1AS stayed_VBD in_IN bed_NN to_TO conserve_VB our_PP$ energy_NN F44 173 and_CC to_TO save_VB ourselves_PPLS the_ATI F44 174 frustration_NN of_IN seeing_VBG shops_NNS full_JJ of_IN eatables_NNS F44 174 that_WPR we_PP1AS just_RB did_DOD n't_XNOT have_HV F44 175 the_ATI money_NN to_TO buy_VB ._. **'_**' F44 176 ^ Hank_NP Marvin_NP ,_, who_WPR was_BEDZ voted_VBN into_IN third_OD F44 176 place_NN in_IN the_ATI new_JJ musical_JJ F44 177 express_NN 1960_CD poll_NN for_IN the_ATI *'_*' instrumental_JJ F44 177 personality_NN of_IN the_ATI year_NN F44 178 **'_**' section_NN ,_, has_HVZ similar_JJ interests_NNS to_IN Jet_NP F44 178 ,_, although_CS he_PP3A prefers_VBZ go-kart_NN F44 179 driving_NN to_IN rally_NN driving_NN ._. F44 180 ^ but_CC he_PP3A has_HVZ one_CD1 unusual_JJ hobby_NN *-_*- he_PP3A F44 180 collects_VBZ swords_NNS ,_, guns_NNS and_CC other_AP F44 181 curios_NNS that_WPR interest_VB him_PP3O ._. ^ like_IN the_ATI F44 181 others_APS he_PP3A is_BEZ a_AT keen_JJ archer_NN ,_, but_CC F44 182 really_RB prefers_VBZ plucking_VBG the_ATI guitar_NN string_NN to_IN F44 182 the_ATI bow-string_NN ._. F44 183 ^ *'_*' I_PP1A practise_VB four_CD hours_NNS a_AT day_NN F44 183 whenever_WRB I_PP1A am_BEM able_JJ ,_, **'_**' he_PP3A says_VBZ ,_, F44 184 *'_*' but_CC I_PP1A find_VB that_CS the_ATI mad_JJ rush_NN of_IN F44 184 showbusiness_NN does_DOZ n't_XNOT always_RB allow_VB F44 185 this_DT ._. ^ it_PP3 is_BEZ true_JJ to_TO say_VB that_CS I_PP1A F44 185 practise_VB as_QL much_RB as_CS I_PP1A can_MD ,_, though_RB ._. **'_**' F44 186 ^ drummer_NN Tony_NP Meehan_NP ,_, youngest_JJT of_IN the_ATI F44 186 group_NN ,_, is_BEZ a_AT serious_JJ musical_JJ F44 187 student_NN ,_, and_CC is_BEZ responsible_JJ for_IN most_AP of_IN F44 187 the_ATI Shadows_NPS arranging_NN ,_, as_CC well_CC" F44 188 as_CC" a_AP little_AP" composition_NN ._. ^ he_PP3A has_HVZ yet_RB F44 188 to_TO have_HV a_AT composition_NN published_VBN ._. F44 189 ^ he_PP3A loves_VBZ reading_NN and_CC is_BEZ a_AT bookworm_NN in_IN F44 189 the_ATI true_JJ sense_NN of_IN the_ATI word_NN ._. F44 190 ^ his_PP$ reading_NN matter_NN encompasses_VBZ Freud_NP ,_, F44 190 historical_JJ novels_NNS and_CC text_NN F44 191 books_NNS on_IN music_NN ._. F44 192 ^ now_CS that_CS" the_ATI Shadows_NPS have_HV formed_VBN their_PP$ F44 192 own_AP publishing_NN company_NN *-_*- F44 193 Shadows_NPS music_NN *-_*- in_IN association_NN with_IN Aberbach_NP ,_, F44 193 it_PP3 is_BEZ probable_JJ that_CS some_DTI F44 194 of_IN Tony's_NP$ compositions_NNS will_MD be_BE used_VBN ._. F44 195 ^ in_IN addition_NN to_IN all_ABN the_ATI spare_JJ time_NN F44 195 interests_NNS they_PP3AS have_HV outlined_VBN ,_, F44 196 the_ATI boys_NNS like_VB nothing_PN better_RBR than_CS to_TO get_VB F44 196 together_RB for_IN talks_NNS covering_VBG F44 197 all_ABN sorts_NNS of_IN subjects_NNS *-_*- ranging_VBG round_IN F44 197 religion_NN ,_, politics_NN ,_, Elvis_NP F44 198 Presley_NP and_CC the_ATI charts_NNS !_!