<B CMAELR3>
<Q M2/3 IR RULE AELR3>
<N INST AELRED 3>
<A X>
<C M2/3>
<O 1250-1350>
<M 1350-1420>
<K NON-CONTEMP>
<D SL>
<V PROSE>
<T RULE>
<G TRANSL>
<F LATIN>
<W WRITTEN>
<X X>
<Y X>
<H X>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z INSTR REL>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^AELRED OF RIEVAULX'S DE INSTITUTIONE
INCLUSARUM.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, 287.
ED. J. AYTO AND A. BARRATT.
LONDON, 1984.
PP. 32.270 - 39.532 (MS VERNON, i.e.,
MS BODLEY ENG. POET. A.1., S. C. 3938-42)^]

<P 32>
[} (\CAPITULUM NONUM\) }]

   +Tis vertu of meknesse is a sur fundement of alle maner      #
vertues,
whit-oute which fundement, what so euere +tu wylt gostly reyse  #
vp,
hit falle+t doun. (\Inicium omnis peccati superbia:\)           #
'Bygynnyngge of alle
synne is proude', which cast owt an angel out of heuene, and    #
man out
of paradys. And of +tis cursede rote, al+tou+g +ter spryngge    #
out manye
venenous braunches, alle na+teles ben departed in-to two        #
spices: in-to
gostly, and bodyly. Bodyly pruyde is to be proud of bodyly      #
+gynges;
gostly pruyde is to be pruyd of gostly +gyftes. And             #
fur+termor, bodyly
pruyde is departed in tweyen; +tat is to sayn, in-to bost, and  #
vanite.
Vanite is as ofte as +te hand-mayden of Crist ha+t a            #
veyn-glorie in here
herte +tat sche is ycomen of gret blood and noble, and +terwit  #
ha+t a
<P 33>
flehsly delytyngge +tat sche ha+t forsake richesse of +te       #
wordle and
nobleye and take here to pouerte, or elles +tat sche holde      #
here-self
wondurliche holy and to be commende+t +tat sche ha+t forsake    #
grete
and ryche mariages off wor+ty mennes sones +tat sche my+gte     #
han be
maried to - al +tis is vanite. Also hit is a spice of vanite    #
+gif +tu coueyte 
to 
muche bodyly fairnesse, or +tat +tu delite +te to muche in      #
gaynesse of +ty
celle, in diuerse peyntyngges or celures, or swyche o+tere      #
tryfles; alle
+tyse iapes +tu most flen as contrarie to +ty professioun.
   Whit what vorheed my+gt +tu haue veyn-glorie of rychesse or  #
of
noble blood, +tat coueytest to be iseye his spouse +tat for vs  #
was mad
ri+gt pouere, al+tou+g he were verreyly ryche - +tat is Crist.  #
A pore
moder, a pouere may[{n{]e, a pouere hows he chees hym; +te      #
streytnesse 
of an oxe-stalle. And Lord, whe+ter it seme a gret woundour to 
+te, in +te whiche +tu schuldest haue a veyn-glorie, +tat +tu   #
hast forsake
to wedde a monnes sone for +te loue +tat +tu hast to be         #
Cristes spouse? Is
hit a gret woundour +tat +tu hast forsake styngyngge lust of    #
body for
+te swete sauour of maydenhood? Seme+t hit a wundur +tat +tu    #
hast
ychaunged matere of stench and of corupcioun for euer-lastynge
delices and rychesse of heuene? Schuldest +tu haue a            #
veyn-glorie,
al-+tey +tu haue idoo +tus?
   Holy scripture seyt: (\Si gloriaris, in domino glorieris\)   #
- Suster, +gif 
+tu
be glad for +tise +tyngges, loke +ty ioye be in God, and serue  #
hym in 
parfit drede. And vur+termor, I nel not be no wey +tat, as it   #
where
vndur colour of deuocioun and holynesse, [{+tu{] delite +te in  #
veyne
peyntyngges, kyttyngges and in grauyngges in +ty celle, no+ter  #
in 
clo+tys gaylyche yweue, ne steyned wit bryddes or bestes, or    #
diuerse
trees or floures, to o+ter babounrye. Let hem haue swych aray   #
+tat,
noon or litul ioye hauyngge wit-ynne, sechy+t al here ioye      #
wit-oute.


[} (\CAPITULUM DECIMUM\) }]

   (\Omnis gloria filie Regis abintus.\) As holy wryt sei+t,    #
alle +te ioie of a
kynges douter schulde be wit-ynne. +Terfore, +gif +tu be +te    #
kynges
douter of heuene, for as muche as +tu hast ywedded his sone     #
Criste,
loke +tu hiere +te veys of +ty Fader, which sei+t to +te +tat   #
al +ty ioye
schulde be wyt-ynne +te.
   Loke +terfore +tat al +ty gladnesse come of clene wytnesse   #
of a good 
conscience wit-ynne. Let +ter be fair peynture and grauyngge    #
of 
diuerse vertues; let +ter fressche coloures of goode +tewes     #
wit curious
knottes be knet to-gydere, +tat +te fayrnesse of o vertu,       #
and-o+ter wel
icoupled to hym, mowe make +te mor brit in schynyngge. Let      #
meknesse
be ioyned to chastete, and no+tyng schal be bry+gtere; let also
simplenesse be associod to good inward wysdom, and no+tyng      #
schal be
<P 34>
clierere; let mercy be coupled wit ry+gtwisnesse, and no+tyng   #
is mor
swete; and to alle +tyse +tanne put good temprure and good      #
discrecioun,
and mor profitable peynture schalt +tu noon fynde.
   In swich curiosite ocupye +tyn e+gen of +tyn herte, swich    #
vertuous
diuersete fourme in +ty soule wit al +ty wit, and +terwit let   #
enbroude +ty
spiritual clo+tynge. (\In fimbrijs aureis etcetera.\) +Gif +tu  #
wylt, as +te 
book
sei+t, adden goldene hemmys, certes, +tenne +tu hast a          #
garnement wel
iweue adoun to +ti foot, in whiche +tyn husbounde Crist wil     #
haue gret
lykyngge to fynde +te iclo+ted in. An hemme, as +tu wost wel,   #
is +te laste
ende of a clo+t; and +te ende wherto drawe+t al +te             #
parfeccioun of Godes
lawe is charyte, as +te apostel sei+t: (\Finis precepti est     #
caritas\) . +Tis
charyte most +tu nyede haue, louyngge God and +tyn              #
euene-cristene of
clene herte, wit good conscience, and wit fey not feyned ne     #
fayllynge.


[} (\CAPITULUM XJ\) }]

   In swich ray, suster, haue likyngge and gladnesse,           #
wit-ynne, and
not wit-oute; in verrey vertus and in verrey peyntures put +ty  #
lust.
   Let faire lynnene towayles ligge vppon +tyn awter, +gif +tu  #
hast eny;
+te whiche for here whitnesse and clennesse mowe signefie and   #
schewe
to +te +te whitnesse of chastete and simplenesse. Be+tenk +te   #
wit ow
muche trauayl and betyngge lynne or flex is ibrou+gt out of     #
+te ir+tene
colour +tat it grew in, er hit were so wyth as hit is whan it   #
make+t fair
+tyn awter, and Cristes body is wrapped +ter-in. Ferst flex is  #
brou+gt
for+t wit ir+tene colour; and so be [{we{] ybrout for+t wit     #
wickednesse
and synne: (\Quoniam ego in iniquitatibus conceptus sum, et in  #
peccatis
concepit me mater mea\) . Afterward, whan flew is itake out of  #
+te 
ir+te, hit is icast in-to water; and ry+gt so, whan we ben      #
take out of owre
oune moder wombe, we be+t icast in-to +te water of bapteme,     #
and +ter
we be+t ibyryed wit Crist. And +ter, al+tou+g synne be put      #
awey, +git
syknesse of synne dure+t. +Ter we take+t sumwhat off whitnesse  #
in +te
wasschyngge awey of +te viel+te of synne, bote, certes, al      #
parfytly clene
and whith be we not imaad, for +te enclinaunce +tat we          #
habbe+t, as
longe as we be+t in +tis wordle, to synne and to wrecchednesse.
   Vur+termor flex, after water, it is dryed; and so we, after  #
+tat we be+t
icristned, it be-houe+t +tat oure body by abstinence be ymaad   #
drye fro
stynkynde humores of vnclennesse. And ri+gt as after-ward flew  #
is ibete
wit a betyl, to be +te mor suple to werk; rith so oure flehs    #
is ibete and
bouyd wit temptacioun many and diuers, to be +te more obedient  #
to +te 
spirit. +Git ouermor, +tat lynne of flex is ipurged wit grete   #
yrene 
kombes, to putte awey +te grete superfluites; and so mote we    #
wit +te
scharpe +gerd of discipline putte awey alle superfluites, and   #
hode +tat is
streyt nyede to vs. And ry+gt as afterward +tis is iput to      #
flex: a comb of
<P 35>
smallere pryckes, to clense it more curiously - ry+gt so we,    #
whan we
haue ouercome, wit gret trauayle, grete and wickede             #
temptaciouns
and passiouns of +te flehs, we schul be aboute to make vs       #
clene of
cotidian defautes by meke schryfte and due satisfaccioun.       #
Ouermor,
after +tis flex is ispunne a-long; and so we by long            #
perseueraunce 
mote dure in oure goode purpos. And at +te laste, schortly,     #
ri+gt as to
lynnene, er it be parfytly fair and whit, is iput bo+te water   #
and fuir;
ri+gt so we mote +torou+g vier of tribulacioun and water of     #
scharp
contricioun, er we come fully to +te refreschyngge of chastete  #
and
clennesse.
   Swyche +tynges let brynge to +tyn myende +te ornamentes of   #
+tyn
oratorye, and not fulfylle +tyn e+gen wit vnlyfsum iaperyes     #
a[{n{]d
vanites.
[} (\DE YMAGINIBUS.\) }]
   And as touchyngge holy ymages, haue in +tyn awter +te ymage  #
of +te 
crucifix hangynge on +te cros, which represente to +te +te      #
passioun of
Crist, which +tu schalt folwe. Al-to-gydere he is ysprad        #
abrood to
bykleppe +te in his armes, in which +tu schalt haue gret        #
delectacioun;
and hys tetys be+t al naked ischewd to +te to +gyue +te melk    #
of spiritual 
delectacioun and confortacioun. And, +gif it be lykynde to      #
+te, to
commende +te grete excellence of virginite, let +tilke          #
blessede mayden
and moder in o syde, and +tilke diere deciple Ihon, a mayde     #
also, in +tat
o+ter syde of +te cros be ihad in here ymages, +tat +tu mowe    #
+tenke
her-by hou plesaunt to God is chastete bo+te of man and womman,
which he halewode so preciously in his moder and his lieue      #
deciple,
seynt Ihon; and +terfore he couplede hem so tendrely to-gydere,
hangynge on +te roode, whan he bytook to his moder +te deciple  #
to
kepe, and a+genward +te maydenly deciple to haue warde of +te   #
moder
and mayde. And a blessed testament was +tis to seynt Ihon, to   #
whom
+te fayrnesse of alle mankynde, hope of al +te wordle, ioye of  #
heuene,
refut of wrecchen, solas of +to +tat be+t in sorwe, cumfort of  #
pouere,
and at +te laste, lady of al +te wordle, queen of heuene wit    #
so gret
auctorite was take to kepe.
   Suster, let +tyse +tynges styre +te to feruour of parfit     #
charite, and to
noo spectacle of vanite; for +torou+g +tyse alle it is          #
necessarie +tat +tu stee
vp oon, alone - for +tilke on is only necessarie: (\Porro vnum  #
est
necessarium\) . +Tis is +tilke on +tat is not yfounde bote in   #
oon, at oon
and wit oon, in whom is noon vnstabilite ne chaungyngge; and    #
+tat
cleue+t to +tylke oon, he is oon in spirit wit hym. alwey       #
goynge in-to
+tilke oon +tat is eueremoore oon wit-outen eny mutacioun, and  #
whos
+geres ne tyme neuere ne fayle+t - (\Tu semper idem ipse es,    #
et anni non
deficient\) . +Tis cleuyngge to +tis oon is charite, whic, as   #
I seyde, is as it
were a goldene hem, finally to make fair +ty weddyng-coote.
<P 36>
[} (\DE CARITATE. CAPITULUM DUODECIMUM\) }]

   +Tis weddyng-garnement, suttylly yveue wit diuers vertus, it 
bihoue+t +tat it be be-goon aboute wit swiche goldene hemmes    #
+tat is to
seyn wit +te bri+gtnesse of charite, +te wyche mowen conteyne   #
and
bynde alle vertus in oon and make oon of manye, departyngge to  #
alle
here clernesse, and so cleuyngge to alle vertus +tat as it      #
were +tey alle
bete not manye, bote oon.
[} (\DIUISIO CARITATIS.\) }]
   +Tis charite is departyd in two: in-to +te loue of God, and  #
in-to +te
loue of +tyn emcristene. And vur+termor, +te loue of +tyn       #
emcristene is
departyd in two: in-to innocence and beneficience. +Tat is to   #
seyn, +tat
+tu greue ne harme noman, bote do good and profyt to as manye   #
as +tu 
my+gt - for +tis is lawe of kynde. (\Quod tibi non vis fieri,   #
alij ne feceris\)
- 
and +tis is innocence. And God seyd in +te gospel: (\Omnia      #
quecumque
vultis vt faciant vobis etcetera\) - alle +tynges +tat +ge      #
woolde +tat men 
dede to +gou+g, do +ge to hem a+genward: and +tis is            #
benificience.
   Now tak good heede, suster, how +tise two parteyne+t to      #
+te. +Te 
ferste is +tat +tu schost greue no-man; and certayn, +tat       #
howte be li+gt 
inou+g to +te, for +tu my+gt greue no-body, +tey +te woldest,   #
bote +gif +tu 
smyte hym wit +ty tounge. And for-so+te, +te secunde scal be    #
li+gt inou+g
to +te, +gif +tu take good heede to +ti purpos, and loue +te    #
nakede and bare
pouerte +tat +tu hast take +te to. For +ter may be no matere    #
of euel wil
a+gens no-man wher reigne+t no coueytyse, ne no+tyng is iloued  #
+tat may
be doon awey. +Terfore wylne wel to alle men, and do good to    #
as manye
as +tu mi+gt. Bote hier +tu askest of me in what +tyng +tu      #
mi+gt do good to
eny mon, so+t+te +tu hast forsake alle wordliche godys, and     #
hast no 
maner +tynge to +gyue to +te neody.


[} (\CAPITULUM XIIJ\) }]

   Suster, know wel +te condicioun of +ty lyf. +Ter were two    #
sustren,
Marthe and Marye: +tat oon trauaylede, +tat o+ter restyde;      #
+tat oon +gaf,
+tat o+ter askede and baad; Marthe +gaf outward seruise, Marie  #
nurschede
ynward loue. Marie ne ran not hyder and +tyder, bisy to 
vnderfonge gystes; Marie was not distracte aboute husbondrye;
Maria was not entendaunt to pore mennes cryyngge; bote sche     #
saat
meekely at Ihesu feet and herde deuoutly his word and his lore.
   My diere sister, +tis is +ty party: +tu +tat art deed to     #
+te wordle and 
ybyried, +tu schalt be deef to hiere eny-+tyng of +te wordle,   #
and dump
forto speke it; ne +tu schalt not be bysy ne distract aboute    #
wordly
ocupaciouns. Let Marthe alone wit +tat partye, whos partye,     #
al+tou+g it
be nou+gt deneyed good, Maries partye na+teles is yseyd +te     #
bettere.
   Lord, whe+ter Marie hadde eny enuye of Marthe? Nay,          #
dredeles;
<P 37>
bote ra+ter Marthe hadde enuye as it were of Maryes deel. And   #
in +te 
same manere let hem +tat be+t beste wommen i +te wordle, let    #
hem, I
seie, haue a spiritual enuye to folwe +ty lyuyngge; bote not    #
so +tu to
hemward. To hem +tat be+t in +te wordle longe+t to +gyuen       #
almesse,
wiche +tat haue+t wordliche possessioun, and also to men of     #
holy
churche to whom is itake +te dispensacioun of +te godys of holy
churche. For +teo +tynges +tat be+t y+giue to holy chirche      #
bysschopes,
prestes and clerkes, after +tat +tey haue itake +trof here      #
nyede +tey
scholde parte to +te pore; for here godys be+t pouere menne     #
godys, and
wydue godes, and faderles and moderles children godes, and also
minystres of holy churche goodis - for +tey +tat ministre+t     #
+te awter, it is
skyleful +tat +tey lyue of +te awter. To +tyse, +too +tat be+t  #
benefysed in
holi churche schulde in tyme of nyede dele here godes, and not
coueytously close hem v[{p{] in here cofres. And also +too      #
goodes +tat 
be+t y+gyue to holy monasteries in-to +te vs of Cristes         #
seruauns, hit is
resoun +tat +tey [{be{] ministred by certayn persones +tat      #
be+t y-ordeyned
+ter-to, so +tat +tat +tat is more +tan here bre+tryn han       #
nyede to, be
goodly y+giue to gystes, to pilgrymes and pore men, and not     #
auarously
iput vp in here purses. Bote suster, +tis partyne+t to hem to   #
whom is
itake Marthes office, not to hem +tat reste+t hem in holynesse  #
of
contemplacioun, as +tu art.
   For +too +tat be+t in cloystre schulde not bysi hem to       #
vnderfonge
gystes, ne +tey schulde not be distract to ministre to +te      #
pouere men;
for +tey be+t +tilke +tat schulde make no purvyaunce fro o day  #
to ano+ter,
ne haue no +tou+gt ne care of mete ne of drynke; certayn, +tey  #
schulle be
okepied in swettere +tyngges, and be fulfeld more profitably    #
of spiritual
delices. Let hem +tat be+t more contemptible and rude to        #
spiritualte,
let hem bysie hem wit +te wordle, let hem cleppe to hem
carayne and dung; for +tey be+t +tilke oxen +tat +te book       #
speke+t of:
(\Quorum piger stercoribus lapidetur\) - Among +te whiche he    #
+tat is slow
schal be stened to de+te wit stynkynde dung.
   Bote +ter be+t manye +tat be+t slow and vnlusty aboute       #
spiritual 
+tyngges, as were +tilke slow+g and synneful poeple in desert   #
+tat hadde
skorn and abhominacioun of angeles mete: (\Anima nostra nauseat
super cibo etcetera\) . For swyche nyce foolys, whan +tey be+t  #
ydulled in
here life, and +tey see o+tere y-ocupied in +te wordle aboute   #
temperal 
godys, anoon +tey haue+t envye, and grucche+t, and bagbyte+t    #
here
bre+teryn; and so for a lytul stynkynde viel+te, in +te whiche  #
o+tre be+t
defoyled in +te wordle, +tey hem-self be+t ismyte wit pryckes   #
of enuye
and biternesse; of +te whiche, in caas +tey falle a+gen to +te  #
wordle, to 
antermete of wordly +tyngges, certes, it may be sayd: (\Qui     #
nutriebantur
in croceis, amplexati sunt stercora\) .
   And +terfor, suster, se+t+te +tat +tey +tat be+t in holy     #
monasteries ne
<P 38>
schulle not ocupien hem wit +te wordle, bote +tilke +tat be+t   #
assigned
+ter-to, and to whom is itaken Marthes bisynesse, muche more    #
+tu, +tat
hast forsake +te wordle, ne+ter schalt haue worldly goodes in   #
dispensacioun,
ne+ter see ne hiere matires of +te wordle. +Tu +tat hast al     #
forsake,
wher-of schuldest +tu +gyue almesse? Na+teles [^EDITION:        #
napeles^] , +gif +tu hast a wy+gt of +tyn
owne trauayle more +tan +tu dispendist +ty-self, +gif almesse   #
a Godes alf,
and +git not by +tyn owne hand, bote by sum o+ter. So+t+te +ty  #
lifnoode
come+t bote of o+tere folk, wherto schalt +tu care to +gyue     #
almesse of
o+tere menne godes, a namely se+t+te +tu schalt not vsurpe to   #
+te bote +ty
neode?
   What +tanne almesse or good schalt +tu doo to +tyn           #
emcristen, as I
sayde byforn, whan I spake of beneficience? Suster, an holy     #
seynt
sei+t: '+Ter is no+tynge rychere +tan a good wyl' - +tat +gif!  #
What is more
profitable +tan deuout preyere? +Tat +gif! What is more ful of  #
manhoode
+tan pite? +Tat spreed aboute! And in +tis wise, suster, bynd   #
al +tis 
wordle to-gydere in +ty bosum wit o bond of pyte and of loue;   #
and +ter
by-hald alle +teo +tat ben goode, and +tanke God +ter-of and    #
be glaad;
behald o +tat o+ter side alle +too +tat ben wickede and in      #
dedly synne,
and wyep vp-on hem and be sory! +Ter tak heede of hem +tat be+t
oppressed +toru+g greet meschyef, and haue conpassioun of hem;  #
let
renne +ter in +ty myende +te misese of +te pouere, +te          #
whepyngge of
fadurles and modurles children, +te desolacions of wydues, +te  #
bitere
si+g+gyngge and weylyngge of [{+to{] +tat be+t ouercome by      #
greet sorwe, +te
niede of pilgrymes, +te periles of hem +tat be+t in +te see,    #
+te he+ge vowes
of holy virgynes, +te temptacions of holy men, +te bysynesse    #
of prelatys,
+te trauayle of hem +tat be+t in wherre, o+ter in o+ter maner   #
ry+gtful
trauayle. To alle +tyse opene +ty brest, to +tyse +gif +tyn     #
almesse, to +tyse
departe +ty bitere terys, for +tyse sched out +ty clene         #
preyeres.
   For-so+te, suster, +tis almesse is more plesaunt to God,     #
more acceptyd
of Crist, more competent to +ty professioun, more fructuous to 
hem +tat +tu +gifst hit to, +tan eny o+ter bodyly +gifte.       #
Swych maner +gifte,
+tat is to seye gostly almesse, spiritual beneficience,         #
helpe+t +ty purpoos
and not hyndre+t it, also hit encrese+t +te loue of +tyn        #
emcristene and
not amenuse+t it. Hit kept +te quite of +tyn herte, and let     #
hit nouth. And
what schal I say more? Certayn, as seynt Gregory say+gt:        #
'Summetyme
holy men, for +te more parfeccioun, for +te loue of God and of
here emcristene +te wolde no-+tyng of wordly richesse haue in   #
+te
wordle, ne no+tyng coueyte forte haue.' Bote manye and to       #
manye +ter
be+t +tat do+t euen +te contrarie, for +tey trauayled ny+gt     #
and day to haue
wordly good, and +tey seyn to doo charite and almesse, for      #
+tey wolde
<P 39>
haue what for-to +gyue. Bote certayn, +tyse wel ofte fayled of  #
+te he+ge
parfeccioun off charite. 



