<B CMCAPCHR>
<Q M4 NN HIST CAPCHR>
<N CHRON CAPGRAVE>
<A CAPGRAVE JOHN>
<C M4>
<O 1420-1500>
<M 1420-1500>
<K SAME>
<D EML>
<V PROSE>
<T HISTORY>
<G X>
<F X>
<W WRITTEN>
<X MALE>
<Y 60->
<H PROF>
<U X>
<E X>
<J X>
<I X>
<Z NARR NON-IMAG>
<S SAMPLE X>


[^CAPGRAVE, JOHN.
TEXT:  CAPGRAVE'S CHRONICLE.
JOHN CAPGRAVE'S ABBREUIACION OF CRONICLES.
EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, 285.
ED. P. J. LUCAS. 
OXFORD, 1983. 
PP. 209.16 - 217.30 (SAMPLE 1)
PP. 238.21 - 249.19 (SAMPLE 2)^]

<S SAMPLE 1>
<P 209>
   In +te xxi +gere of Richard, in +tat same parlement +te      #
kyng procured
ful sotilly +tat, be +te consent of all +te statis of +te       #
parlement,
+tat +te power of certeyn peticiones, whech were porrect in +te
parlement, mite be determined be certeyn persones vii or viii
aftir +te parlement was do. This graunted, +te kyng put in his
stile 'Prince of Chestir', and +tan mad he certeyn dukes: +te   #
erl of
Derby, duke of Herforth; Erl Marchale, duke of Norfolk; Erl
Rutland, duke of Albemarle; erl of Kent, duke of Suthrey;
erl of Huntingdon, duke of Excetir; +te cuntesse of Norfolk,
duchesse of +te same; +te erl of Somirsete, markeis of          #
Northfolk;
+te Lord Spencer, erl of Gloucetir; +te Lord Neuile, erl of     #
Westmorlond; 
Ser William Scrop, erl of Wiltschere; Ser Thomas
Percy, erl of Wicestir; and to +tese lordes gaue he mech of +te
liflod of +te duke of Gloucetir, erl of Warwik, and erl of      #
Arundel.
He purchased eke bullis of +te pope, whech confermed al +tat    #
was
<P 210>
do in +te parlement, and grete censuris were +tere ageyn all    #
+tat
schuld breke hem.
   In +tis +gere +te kyng exiled +te duke of Norfolk, and set   #
grete
peynes +tat no man schuld pray for him. And +tis was do +tat    #
same
day tweluemonth in whech first day +te duke of Gloucetir was
suffocat at Caleys.
   In +tis +gere +te kyng translate Jon, bischop of Lincoln,    #
onto +te
cherch of Chestir, and +te cherch of Lincoln gaue he to Herry
Beuforth, on of +te childirn of +te duke of Lancastir and       #
Katerine
Swynforth. Jon, +tat was bischop of Lincoln, wold not admitte
+tis translacion, but went to Cauntirbyry, to Crist Cherch, and
+tere deied amongis +te munkis.
   In +tis tyme cam a messanger fro +te pope, Petrus de Bosco,
Bischop Aquitense, for to pray +te king +tat he schuld suffir   #
his
ligemen to haue prouisiones of +te popes hand, and to distroye  #
+tat
writ (\Quare impedit\) . But because +te patrones wold not      #
consent
+terto, +terfor +te king honoured him with grete giftis, and    #
sent him
hom ageyn.
   In +tis tyme was founde a gret summe of mony at Rome in a
rotin wal, whech was +te tresoure of Heleyn, Constantyn modir,
for in +te serkil was writin hir name, and euery pes +terof     #
was worth
XXs. With +tis mony +te pope ded renewe +te Capitol and +te
Castell Aungel.
   In +te xxii +gere, in +te fest of circumcision, a depe       #
watir in 
Bedforthschire,
+tat rennyth betwix Snelleston and Harleswode,
sodeynly stood stille, and departed him into o+tir place, and   #
+te
ryuer +tat was wete before stood drye iii myle o length, +tat   #
men
myte go ouyr. This merueyle betokned, men seide, gret dyuysion
+tat schuld falle in +te puple.
   In +tat tyme Roger Mortimer, erl of March, was deceyued
be +te Erischmen and slayn. Whan +te kyng knew it, he purposed
<P 211>
for to venge his deth and make a jornay into Yrlond, upon whech
he purueyed mech +ting of his ligis, and payed rite not, so     #
+tat ny
all men hated him.
   In +tis tyme deied Jon, duke of Lancastir, and was byried at
Seyn Paules, in London. Aftir his deth +te kyng, +tat had       #
exiled
Herry, his son, for x +gere, now he exiled him for euyr,        #
forbedyng
all his receyuoures +tat +tei schul gader no mony to profite    #
of her
lord, notwithstanding he had graunted hem patentis befor, +tat
+tei schuld gader a certeyn summe for her lordis redempcion,    #
+tat
he mite with his good purchace +te kyngis grace.
   In +tis same tyme +te kyng borowid more good of dyuers men,
and bond him be patent letteris to pay hem at certeyn dayes,    #
whech
he neuyr payed. Than sent he to all +te schreues +tat +tei      #
schuld make
+te puple to swere newly ageyn +tat +tei schuld be trewe to     #
+te kyng.
And +to men +tat were counted rich were bore on hande +tat      #
+tei had
consented to +te tretoures +tat were ded, and so were +tei      #
compelled
to pay grete summes. Euery persone, of what degre` he was, if
+tei were accused +tat +tei had seid ony word in derogacion of
+te kyng, +tere was no mercy but payment or prison. And +tis 
mad +te puple to hate +te kyng, and caused gret murmour in the
puple.
   Aboute +te fest of Pentcost +te kyng went into Yrland, with  #
his
Chestirreres, and with +te Dukes Awlmarre and Excetir, +te      #
eyeres
eke of Gloucetir and Herforth, certeyn bischoppis, and +te      #
abbot
of Westminster, +tat he myte make a parlement whan he wold.
   In +tis tyme, whil he was in Yrlond, +te duke of Lancastir,
Herry, beryng heuyly his exile and eke priuacioun of his        #
heritage,
and considering who euel-beloued +te kyng was of his lychmen,
+tinking +tat now was tyme for to entir, cam into +te se with   #
Thomas,
bischop of Cauntyrbury, and +te son and eyer of +te erl of      #
Herforth,
whech had with him at +tat tyme but xv speres. Thus Herry kept
<P 212>
him in +te se, appering now in o cost, now in a othir, lokyng   #
euyr if
ony resistens schuld be mad to lette him of his londing.
   Whan Ser Edmund, duke of +Gork, herd +tese tydyngis +tat
Duke Herri was in +te se, because he was +te kyngis vncil, and  #
eke
keper of +te rem in +te kyngis absens, he cleped onto him Ser
Edmund Stafford, bischop of Chestir, and chaunceler at +tat     #
tyme,
and +te tresorer, William Scrop, erl of Wiltschere, and +tese   #
knytes
of +te kyngis councel, Jon Bussy, William Bagot, Thomas Grene,
and Jon Russel. They +tus gadered he asked councell what was    #
best
to do in +tis mater, and what resistens mite be had ageyn Duke
Herry. They seyde it was best to go to Seynt Albonis, and       #
gader +te
cuntre`, and with +tat strength mete with +te duke. But her     #
councel
was nowt, for, whan +te puple was gadered, +tei seide +tei      #
knew nowt
of Duke Herry but as of a good lord and a trewe, and a man      #
whech
had suffered mech wrong, wherfor +tei wold not let him to come
and receyue his dew heritage. Than +te tresorer and +tese iiii
knytes lefte +te duke of +Gork, and fled to +te castell of      #
Bristow.
   And +te duke of Lancastir londid at Rauenesporne, fast be
Grymisby, in +te translacion of Seynt Martyn, no man makyng
resistens. To him cam anon Herry, erl of Northhumbirlond, and
Herry Percy, his son, and Raf Neuyle, erl of Westmorland, and   #
so
many mo +tat within fewe dayes +te noumbir of fytyng men cam
onto lx +tousand. Than was her comon councel at +te first to
destroye Kyng Richardis euel councel. So cam +tei to Bristow,
and took alle +tat were +tere, and smet of her hedis, saue      #
William
Bagot, for, er +tei cam, he was fled to Chestir and so sailed   #
into
Erland.
   Whan Kyng Richard herd in Erlond of +te coming of Herry,
anon he took +te se with +te dukes of Awmarle, Excetir, and     #
Sotherey,
and Bischoppis London, Lincoln, and Carlil, +tat he schuld mete
<P 213>
+te duke with strong hand or he had gadered ony power. Whan he
was com to Ynglond, and herd telle what power Duke Herry had
with him, and vndirstood who many heuy hertis he had in +te
puple, he left all his puple and soute pryuy places, where he   #
myte
best dwelle, for +te duke of Lancastir euyr folowid him. At +te
last he was founde in +te castell of Conweye, and +tere         #
desired he to
speke with Thomas Arundel, bischop of Cauntirbiri, and +te erl  #
of
Northumbirland. To hem seid he +tat he wold resigne his regaly,
and all +tat longe +terto, saue +te carectis of his soule, so   #
+tat his lif
schuld be graunted him, and sufficient liflod to him and viii
persones. Thei graunted his peticioun, and broute him forth to  #
+te
castel of Flynt, where +te duk and he had but a smal talkyng,   #
and
+tan rydyn to +te castell of Chestir.
   In +te xx day of August, +te xlvii fro +te tyme +tat +te     #
duke entered
into Ynglond, +te kyng +gald him to +te duke, and all his       #
tresore, his
ornamentis, and his hors cam to +te dukes hand. The lordis and  #
all
+te host +tat cam with +te king were robbid be northen men and
Walschmen withoute mercy. Fro +tat place was +te king led to
London to +te Tour.
   And in +tis tyme were sent writtis +torowoute +te lond +tat  #
+te
parlement schuld be at London at Myhilmesse, to whech parlement
all men were cited whech of custome schuld be +tere, and +tese
writtis were sent vndir +te name of Kyng Richard. Whan +tis     #
tyme
was come, euene on Mihelmesse Day, +te kyng in +te Tour, with
good wil, as it semed, and mery chere, red +te act of his       #
cessacion
before +tese lordis and o+tir men present: arsbischop of        #
Cauntirbury,
Thomas Arundel; +te o+tir, of +Gork, Richard Scrop; Jon,        #
bischop
of Herforth; Herry, duke of Lancastir; Herry, erl of            #
Northumbirland;
Raf, erl of Westmorland; Hew, Lord Burnel; Thomas,
Lord Berkle`; abbot of Westminster; priour of Cauntirbyry;
Lordis Ros, Wilbey, and Bergeueny; William +Tirnyng, and Jon
<P 214>
Markam, justises; Thomas Stoke, and Jon Burbage, Doctoures
of Canon; Thomas Erpyngham, and Thomas Grey, knites;
William Ferby, and Dyonise Lopham, notaries - before all +tese
red he his resignacion and assoyled all his ligemen fro +te     #
treuth
and +te oth whech +tei had mad to him. And +tis renunciacion
was openly red in Westminster Halle, and euery state singulerly
inqwyred who +tei likid +tis, and +tei saide all +tei           #
consented +tertoo.
   (\Anno\) 6597-6610; 1399-1412. In +te +gere of oure Lord     #
1399, in
+te fest of Seyn Jerom, aftir +tis renunciacion, +te kyngis     #
sete +to
voyde, +te forseid Herry, duke of Lancastir, ros in +te         #
parlement and
stood up +tat men myte se him, blessed him with +te merk of +te
crosse, and saide swech wordes: - 

(\In Dei nomine, Amen.\) I, Herry Lancastir, chalenge +te
corown with al +te membris +tat long +terto as for descense of
+te real blod of Kyng Herry, be whech rite God hath graunted 
me for to entir with help of my kynred.

And whan all +te states of +te parlement had consented to his
chaleng, +te arschbischop of Cauntirbiry took him be +te rite   #
hand,
and sette him in +te kyngis se. Than was it proclamed +tat a    #
new
parlement schuld begynne +te next Munday aftir, and on Seint
Edward day folowing schuld +te king be corowned, and +tis was
fulfillid in dede.
   This Herry had +tat tyme sex childyrn be Dam Mary, doutir to
+te erl of Herforth: +te eldest son hite Herry; +te secunde,    #
Thomas;
+te +tirde, Jon; +te fourte, Humfrey; to douteris had he eke -  #
on of
hem was weddid into Denemarc.
   Thus was he crowned on Seynt Edward day and anoynted with
+tat holy oyle +tat was take to Seynt Thomas of Cauntirbury be
oure Lady, and he left it in Frauns. This oyle was closed in a  #
egel of
gold and +tat egil put in a crowet of ston, and be reuelacion   #
Herry,
+te first duke of Lancastir fond it, and brout it hom to        #
Ynglond,
<P 215>
and gaue it to +te Prince Edward, to +tis effect, +tat aftir    #
his faderes
deces he schuld be anoynted with +te same. And aftir +te        #
princes
deth it was left in +te kyngis tresory, and neuyr man tok kep   #
+terto
til, a litil before +tat +te king exiled +te Bischop Thomas,    #
+tis relik was
found, and certeyn writing +teron, as Thomas of Cauntirbury     #
left
it. Than was Kyng Richard glad, and desired of +te bischop to   #
be
anoynted new, but he wold not. But for al +tat +te kyng bare    #
it with
him into Yrland, and whan he was take in his coming ageyn, he
dylyuered it to Tomas Arundel, and soo was Herry crowned
with +te same.
   In +tis parlement +te kyng, with consent of alle +te hous,   #
mad his
son Herri prince of Walis and duke of Cornwaile, and eke erl of
Chestir, and aftir +tat duke of Gian.
   In +tat parlement +te kyng gaue to +te erl of                #
Northumbirlond +te
Yle of Man, with +tis addicion, +tat he schuld bere before +te  #
kyng
+te same swerd with whech he cam into Inglond. He gaue eke to
+te erl of Westmorland +te erldam of Richmund. And ageyn hem
+tat appeled and accused +te duke of Gloucetir +tis sentens     #
was
pronounsed: - 

The lordis of +tis present parlement decerne and deme +tat +te
Duke Awmarle, and duke of Suthrey, and eke of Excetir,
schul lese her names, her honour, and her dignite`, and +te
markeis of Dorcete and +te erle of Gloucetir schul lese +te     #
same
for hem and her eyeris. And all +te castell and maneris, whech
were +te dukes of Gloucetir, +tei schul lese withoute ony       #
grace,
and all +te godes +tat +tei had sith +tat tyme +tat he was      #
arested
+tei schuld forgo. Tho +tat +tei had befor +tat tyme +tei       #
schuld
haue stille, but +tei schuld gyue no lyueries, as o+tir lordis
doo. And if euyr it may be knowe +tat +tei make ony gadering
in coumfort of Richard, sumtyme kyng, +tei to be punchid as
tretoures.

<P 216>
   In +te secund +gere of +tis kyng +te erlis of Kent,          #
Salesbury, and
Huntingdon, onkende onto +te kyng, risin ageyn him - vnkynde
were +tei, for +te puple wold haue hem ded, and +te king        #
spared hem.
These men, +tus gadered, purposed to falle on +te kyng          #
sodeynly at
Wyndesore vndir +te colour of mummeres in Cristmasse tyme. The
kyng was warned of +tis, and fled to London. These men knew
not +tat, but cam to Wyndesore with iiii hundred armed men,
purposing to kille +te king and his progenie, and restore       #
Richard
ageyn onto +te crowne. Whan +tei cam to Windesore, and +tus     #
were
deceyued, +tei fled to a town where +te qween lay, fast by      #
Radyngis,
and +tere before +te qwenes houshold he blessed him, +tis erl   #
of
Kent. 'O benedicite', he seide,

who may +tis bee, +tat Herry of Lancastir fled fro my presens,
he +tat is so wor+ti man of armes? Therfor, frendis, know
+tis, +tat Herry of Lancastir hath take +te Tour at London,
and oure very kyng, Richard, hath brokyn prison, and hath
gadered a hundred +tousand fytyng men.

So gladed he +te qween with lyes, and rod forth to Walyngforth,
and fro Walingforth to Abyngdon, warnyng all men be +te weye
+tat +tei schuld make hem redy to help Kyng Richard. Thus cam   #
he
to Cicetir late at euen. The men of +te town had suspecion to   #
hem,
+tat her tydyngis were lyes (as it was in dede), risen, and     #
kept +te
entre`s of +te innes, +tat non of hem mite passe. There faute   #
+tei in
+te town fro midnyte onto ix of clok in +te morow. But +te town
drow hem oute of the abbey and smet of many of her hedis. The
erl of Salesbury was ded +tere, and worthi, for he was a gret
fauorer of Lollardis, a despiser of sacramentis, for he wold    #
not be
confessed whan he schuld deie.
   The erl of Huntingdon herd of +tis, and fled into Esex, and
as often as he assaied to take +te se, so often was he bore of
with +te wynde. Than was he take be +te comones, and led to
<P 217>
Chelmisforth, and +tan to Plasche`, and his hed smet of in +te  #
same
place where he arestid +te duke of Gloucetir. In +te same tyme
Ser Thomas Spencer, whech was cleped erle of Gloucetir, was
take and heded at Bristow, and many o+tir were so ded be +te
comownes.
   This cam to Kyng Richardis ere in +te castel of Poumfreit,   #
and
as sum men sey, he peyned himself and deyed for hungir. Summe
othir seide +tat he was kept fro mete and drink whil a knyte    #
rode to
London and cam ageyn. His body aftir his deth was caried to
London, and at Seynt Paules had his dyrige and his masse, +te
kyng +tere present. Than was +te body sent fro London onto
Langle`, for to be beried among +te Frere Prechoures. At +te
byriyng was +te bischop of Chestir, +te abbot of Seynt          #
Albones, and
+te abbot of Waltham, and fewe othir.
   In +tat same +gere +te schippis of Lenne, whech fischid at   #
Aberden,
took certeyn schippis of Scotlond, with her amyrel, Ser Robert
Logon, knyte, and broute hem home to Lenne. 
   In +tis +gere began +te rebellion of Walis ageyn +te kyng,   #
vndir
a capteyn cleped Howeyn Glendor, whech Howeyn was first a
prentise of cort, and +tan a swyere in +te kingis hous, but     #
for a discord
+tat fel betwix him and Ser Reynald Grey Riffyn for certeyn
lond, first he faut with +te tenauntis of +te same lord, and    #
because
+te kyng pursewid him for brekyng of +te pes, he fled into      #
Walis,
and whan +te kyng folowid him +tidir, he fled into te hillis of
Snowdon, and +te kyngis labour was frustrate.
   In +tis same +gere cam +te emperour of Constantinople into
Inglond for to haue sum socour ageyn +te Turkis. The Kyng
Herry met him on +te Blakeheth on Seint Thomas day +te apostil,
and led him to London, and +tere had he good hostel at +te      #
kyngis
cost, and aftir went he ageyn with large giftis. 

<S SAMPLE 2>
<P 238>
   6612; 1414. In +te +gere folowand he held a parlement at     #
London,
in whech parlement he asked no subsidy of no man, and +tat was
grete plesauns to +te puple; for +tere was no parlement many    #
day
but sum subsidie was graunted.
   In +tis same +gere a grete part of Norwich was brent, and a  #
fayre
couent of +te Prechoures ordir.
   Eke in +tis +gere Thomas, duke of Clarens, cam hom fro Gian,
and +te king held a solempne terment for his fader at           #
Cauntirbury.
   In a councell at London +tis +gere was ordeyned +tat +te     #
festes of
Seynt George and Seynt Dunstan schuld be dobbil festes.
<P 239>
   Alexaundir, bischop of Norwich, deied +tis +gere, and aftir  #
him
was Maistir Richard Courtnei bischop, a ful able man to +tat
degre`.
   In +tis same tyme +te Lollardis, +tat condempned +te         #
teching of
+te prophetis, +te gospel, and +te aposteles, set up billis on  #
+te
cherch-dores, in whech billes was conteyned +tat a hundred
+tousand were redy for to rise and distroye all hem +tat wold   #
not
consent to her secte and her opiniones. Thei trosted mech on    #
+te
witte and on +te power of a certeyn knyte +tei cleped Ser Jon
Oldcastell. He was cleped Cobbam, for he had weddid a woman ny
of +tat lordis kyn. A strong man in bataile he was, but a grete
heretik, and a gret enmye to +te Cherch. For his cause +te      #
archbischop
gadered a councel at London, for he sent oute prestis for
to preche whech were not admitted be non ordinarie, and he was
present at her sermones, and alle +tei +tat seide ageyn his     #
prestis
was he redy to smite with his swerd.
   For +tese causes and many mo, because he was a knyte of +te
kyngis houshold, +te arcbischop compleyned of him to +te kyng.
Aftir mech labour to his amendement, +te kyng wrot to +te       #
archbischop
+tat he schuld somoun him to appere and answere. The
knyte lay +tat tyme in his castell, cleped Coulyng. The         #
messager
+tat was sent was warned +tat he schuld not entir his castell   #
but
if he had leue. Than entered onto +te castell on Jon Butler,    #
+tat
was vscher of +te kyngis chambir, and he asked +te knite        #
whe+tir
+te somnour schuld come to him or he schuld sende him +te
lettir. The knyte refused both.
   Than was +te somownes set on +te monasteri dores in          #
Rouchestir,
<P 240>
but iii mile fro him. And at a day assined +te archbischop in   #
+te
castell of Ledis cursed him for contumacie and grete fautour of
heretikes. Aftir +tis, on a Satirday, aftyr +te fest of Seint   #
Matheu
apostil and euangelist, +te archbischop sat in Paules           #
chapeterhous,
And with him Herry of Wynchestir and Richard of London
bischoppis, and Ser Robert Morle` at comaundment of +te kyng
(+tan keper of +te Towre) broute +tis knyte Oldcastell onto +te
presens of +tese bischoppis.
   There +te bischop rehersed +tat for contumacie he stood      #
acursed,
and if he wold mekely submitte him to +te Cherch he wold asoile
him. Oldcastel stood and wold not aske it, but took oute of his
bosom a bille endented, and whan he had red it, took it to +te
bischoppis. Than seid +te archbischop.

Lo, Ser Jon, here be many good +tingis in +goure bille,
but +ge must answere to o+tir +tingis +tat be put on +gou,      #
touching
+te sacrament of +te auter, and +te power of +te Cherch,
and mech o+tir +ting.

He seide to +tis +tat he wold gyue no o+tir answere +tan was    #
writin 
in his bille. Than +te archbischop took him certeyn articules   #
in
a bille, to whech he assigned him +tat he schuld answere on +te
Moneday folowand.
   And whan +te day was come, +te archbischop inqwired of him
if he wold be assoiled aftir +te forme of +te Cherch. He seid   #
'Nay';
he loked aftir no absolucion but of God. And of +te sacrament   #
of
+te auter he seid +tus: - 

Euene as Crist, whil he went here, was God and man - +te
manhod mite men se, but not +te godhed - so in +tis sacrament
is Cristis bodi and bred - +te bred may men se, but not
Cristis body.

He seid more, +tat '+te determinacion of +te Cherch and +te     #
doctoures, 
+tat sei +te reuers, ar pleynly ageyn Holy Scripture'.
<P 241>
For +te sacrament of penauns he seide +tat what man +tat is in
greuous synne and coude not rise fro his synne, 'it is ful      #
necessarie
+tat he haue a wise preest to telle him +te maner of his        #
amendment,
but +tat a man schuld be schriue to his propir prest, or to a   #
othir
preest, it is no nede, for contricion withoute confessioun      #
purgith
al synne'. For worchipyng of +te crosse he seide +tat body      #
+tat hing
on +te crosse schuld be worchipid, and no+ting but he. And whan
+tei asked him what worchip he wold do to +te ymage on +te      #
crosse,
he seide he wold wipe it, and kepe it clene. Than +tei asked    #
him
what he seid of +te pope. He seid '+te pope is Antecrist;       #
bischoppis
be his membris, and freris be his tayl.'
   The archbishop sey no o+tir amendment in +tis man,           #
condempned
him for a heretik, and left him to seculer hand. And
+tan went he to +te kyng, and told him al +te processe,         #
praying +te
kyng to graunt him lif xl dayes, +tat he mite do penauns. But   #
+tis
indulgens turned onto gret mischef, for within +too xl dayes he
brak oute of +te Tour, and sent letteris onto his secte. For    #
al +tat
tyme, for his euasion about Myhilmesse onto +te ephiphanie, he
mad him strong to distroye +te kyng and many o+tir. And +tei    #
+tat
were gadered to go with him, if +tei mad question to what       #
entent
+tei schuld rise, +tis answere had +tei: 'It skil +gou not, so  #
+ge haue
good wagis and treuly payed'.
   The king kept Cristmasse at Eltham, and Cobbam, with
his retenew, had +toute to fulfille his entent. The kyng was    #
warned
of +tis mater be certeyn men +tat had consciens and were of     #
councel
with Cobbam, and sodeynly +te kyng remeued onto Westminster.
The Lolardis were warned +tat +tei schuld gader in Seint Gilis
Feld, for +tere schuld come to hem oute of London l +tousand,   #
as
was behite hem. But +te king was war of al +tis, and comaunded
London gates to be sperd and kept. He sent owte eke men of
armes be dyuers weyes, whech apposed hem +tat cam rennyng in
hast whedir +tei schuld, and +tei seide to Cobham. Thus were
take and slayn +tousandis. The kyng was in +te feld sone aftir
mydnyte. This aspied Cobbam; he fled, and many with him.
<P 242>
Many of his were take, and hang and drawe and brent. On was
+tere of Dunstable, a special scoler of +tis secte, +tei        #
cleped him
William Morle`. Oldcastell had behote him +tat he schuld be a
knyte; and, in proue of +tat beheste, +tei fond with him too    #
stedis,
and gilt sporis in his bosum.
   In +tis +gere +te kyng foundid thre houses of religion fast  #
be his
place, whech +tei clepe Schene: on, of +te monkis of            #
Charterhous;
anothir, cleped Celestines: thei kepe Seint Benet reule (\ad    #
litteram\) ,
as +tei sey - thei are constreyned for to be recluses for       #
euyr. The
+tird is of Seynt Bride ordir: +tei haue Seynt Austyn reule,    #
with
certeyn additamentis, and +tei clepe it now 'the reule of oure
Sauiour'. Thei haue no+ting, propir peny ne halfpeny, ne touche
no mony. The noumbir of hem is sistiris lx, prestis xiii,       #
dekenes
iiii, lewed men viii; whech acordith to +te noumbir of xiii     #
aposteles
and lxxii discipules. Thei were no lynand, but wolland. Thei
haue o cherch, +te women aboue, +te men be +te ground. Aftir
her profession no man may license hem but +te pope. This        #
religion
must haue sufficient dotacion. Before +te fest of Al Seintis    #
+tei
must counte +tat +tei haue sufficiently for +te nest +gere,     #
and al +te
remanent +tei schul gyue in elmesse. On of +te xiii prestis     #
schal
+tei chese to her confessour, and to him schal +tei alle obeye.
No seculer man ne woman schal entyr +te nunnes cloystir.
   6613; 1415. In +te +tird +gere of +tis kyng were chosen      #
worchipful
men to go to +te councell at Constauns: +tese bischoppis,       #
Salesburi,
Herforth, and Bathe, +te abbot of Westminster, and +te priour
of Wircetir, with othir clerkis; with hem eke went +te erle of
Warwik. Ther were gadered +te collegis of Gregori and Petir de
Luna. Gregori resined his rite up condicion Petir schuld do +te
same. He was in Aragony. Jon, +tat was at Rome mad, was loth
to resine, but be +te emperour he was induct +tat he schuld do  #
it.
Mech joye was mad, euery man supposing +tat +tis mater schuld
haue good ende. But +tis Jon be nyte fled with +te duke of      #
Ostrich
<P 243>
into a cite` of his, and sent letteris to +te emperour +tat he  #
fled for
no o+tir cause but for +te eyer at Constance was not heilsom to
him. And whan he was sent for, to com to +te councel, he        #
disgised
him, and fled with +te duke. That sey +te emperour, and rood    #
into
Ostrich, and took +te duke and him eke. Jon was broute to +te
councell in +te same aray +tei toke him in, schort clo+tis,     #
lich a
malandryn. There was he robbed of mech good whech he had
gadered. This was noysed in Ynglond, and a gret summe of
mony, whech was gadered for him in a hucch at Poules, was
take oute and spent in bettir vse.
   In +tis tyme, aftir many tretis betwix +tis lond and Frauns,
and no+ting +tat +tei profered was acording to reson, +te kyng  #
mad
redy his schippis at Southampton to spede him to his conquest.
And +tere were thre notabill men +tat had conspired his deth.
On was Herry Scrop, on whom +te kyng trostid moost, and be
whos councell al +ting was doo. Sobir was +te man in word and
chere, and vndir +tat ypocrisie had he a ful venemous hert. He
had a felawe consentyng onto him, Richard, erl of Cambrig,
and Thomas Grey, a knyte of +te north. But er +tei broute       #
aboute
her conclusion +tei were detecte, condempned be her peres,
and ded.
   In +tis tyme +te Lolardis risin ageyn. Wenyng verily +tat    #
eithir
+te kyng was ded or sailed ouyr +te se, thei coumforted hem ech
to o+tir, and seide, 'Now is +te prince of prestis goo, and     #
oure vttir
enmy'. Her leder, whech had hid him longe tyme fast by          #
Maluerne,
ros fro his den, and sent letteris to +te Lord Bergeueni +tat   #
he
wold be wrechid first upon him. And he, as a wise man, sent
aftir his frendis and his tenauntis and mad a host of a sex     #
+tousand
men. That aspied Oldcastell and fled - no man coude cacch him.
Ther took he a preest of +te secte and o+tir seruauntis of      #
his, whom
+te Lord Bergeueni streytid so +tat +tei told wher Oldcastell   #
was
hid. +Tere founde +tei his armour and his mony. Thei fond +tere
<P 244>
a baner, costfully depeynted with a host and a chalis. They     #
fond
eke baneres depeynted with Crist ful of woundis, +te spere and
+te nayles. Al +tese +tingis were mad for to make simpil folk   #
to
suppose +tat he was a trew zelator of +te feith.
   The kyng with his nauy took +te se, and londid at Kidkaus,
with a +tousand schippis and fyue hundred. He entered +te lond
on a Wednesday, whech was +te vigil of assumpcioun of oure      #
Lady,
and on +te Satirday aftir he leyde sege to +te town of Hareflw,
he be lond, +te schippis be +te watir. And +tis sege lested     #
til +te
Sunday befor Myhilmesse. In +te Tewisday befor +tat Sunday +te
lordes +tat were keperes of +te town sent oute a man onto +te   #
duke
of Clarense, praying him enterly +tat +tei myte trete with +te  #
kyng,
and +tat he schuld make gunneres to sese, for it was to hem
intollerabil. The names of hem were +tese: +te Lord Gaucort,
+te Lord Stuteuyle, +te Lord Boteuyle, and +te Lord Clere. The
duke of Clarens spak for hem to +te kyng, and +te kyng sent to
hem +te erle of Dorset and Ser Thomas Erpingham to knowe her
desire. Thei prayed +te kyng mekely +tat he schuld ses of his   #
schot
onto Sunday, and if +te kyng of Frauns cam not be +tat tyme,    #
+tei
schuld delyuer him +te town. Thei profered him eke +tat, if he
wold gyue hem leue and saue-conduct to ride to +te king of      #
Frauns,
+tei schuld ley plegges xxii knytes with +te best of +te town.  #
So
+te Lord Hakevile and xii persones had leue to ride +torw +te   #
host.
And on +te Wednesday, erly, cam oute of +te town +te lordes,    #
xxii
knytes, swieres, and burgeys of +te town. And ageyn hem +te
kyng sent a solempne procession of prelatis and prestis and +te
sacrament, and aftir folowand lordis, knytes, and +te puple.    #
Whan
+tei had mad a solempne oth, +tei went to mete into +te kyngis 
tent, but +tei sey not +te kyng. Aftir mete +tei were           #
comaunded for
to go with certeyn lordes +tat schuld kepe hem. On +te Sunday
<P 245>
com +te messageres ageyn withoute ony help of kyng or of        #
daufyn.
Therfor +tei +tat were in +te town submitted hem onto +te       #
kyng, and
+tei +tat were with +te kyng, sent be +te Frensch kyng to       #
keping of +te
town, remayned as prisoneres. The kyng mad capteyn of +te
town his vncle, Ser Thomas, erle of Dorset.
   In +tis sege many men deied of cold in nytes, and frute      #
etyng,
eke of stynk of careynes. He deied +tere, Maistir Richard       #
Courtney,
bischop of Norwich, in whos place +te monkes chosen Jon         #
Wakeryng.
Ther deyed eke Mychael at +te Pool. The duke of Clarense,
+te erle of March, +te Erle Arundel, and +te Erle Marchale took
gret seknes +tere.
   The kyng, aftir +tis conquest, purposed to go to Caleys,     #
with
footmen for +te most part; for al his hoost was not acoundid    #
passing
viii +tousand, so many were left seek at Harflew. Merueile it   #
was
+tat he, with so fewe, durst go +torw all +te +tik wodis in     #
+tat cuntre`.
For +te Frensch parti in al +tis tyme had mad an hoost of a     #
hundred
+tousand and fourty +tousand. Vitailes were kept fro hem, +tat
xviii dayes +tei had walnotes for bred, and flech had +tei      #
sum, but
her drynk was watir.
   So in +te xxiiii day of Octobir +te hostis met not a myle    #
asundir.
The kyng coumforted gretly his men +tat +tei schuld trost in    #
God,
for her cause was rithful. The Frensch part stod on +te hill,   #
and
we in +te vale. Betwix hem was a lond new heried, where was
euel fotyng. Schort for to sey, +te feld fel onto +te kyng,     #
and +te
French party lost it, for al her noumbyr and her pride. Ther    #
were
ded +te duke of Lanson, +te duke of Braban, +te duke of Bauer,
v erles, +te constable eke of Frauns, and a hundred lordes,     #
knites
and swieris iiii +tousand sexti and ix - +te comon puple was    #
not
noumbered. These were take: +te duke of Aurelianense, +te
<P 246>
duke of Burbon, +te erles of Ew, and Vendone, Arthure, +te      #
dukis
bro+tir of Bretayn, whech cleymeth to be erle of Richemund, and
a knyte +tei cleped Brucegald, marchale of Frauns, and o+tir    #
were
take +tere of cote-armour into a vii hundred. On oure side were
ded Edward, duke of +Gork, +te erle of Suthfolk, iiii knytes,   #
a swiere,
Dauy Gamme, of +te comones xxviii.
   In +te tyme of +te bataile +te brigauntis of +te Frensch     #
side took
+te kyngis cariage and led it awey, in whech +tei fonde +te     #
kyngis
crowne; +tei mad +te bellis to rynge and men for to synge (\Te
Deum laudamus\) , telling verily +tat +te kyng was ded. But     #
within
fewe houres aftir, her joye was chaunged.
   The king rood to Caleis and ouyr +te se to Douer, and in +te
xxiii day of Nouembir cam to London, and +tere was receyued in
+te best maner.
   6614; 1416. In his iiii +gere was a gret batail betwix +te   #
erl of
Dorcet and +te erle of Armenak, in whech batayle +tere perchid
many on both sides; for +tis Armenak fell upon hem sodeynly.
and +tei were not auised. In +te tyme of +te bataile al her     #
cariage
was stole be +te Frenschmen; so mote +tei nedis go hom on fote.
Thei laboured al +te +Tursday, and on Friday, in +te morownyng,
+tei sey +te Frenschmen on +te hillis comyng downward. Than
sent to +te erl of Dorcet +tis message +te Erl Armenak: 'Now    #
art
+tou so streytid +tat +te se is on +tin o side and we on +te    #
o+tir.
Therfor, be my councell, +geld +te, for ellis schalt +tou       #
deye'. The
erl of Dorcet sent +tis answere ageyn: 'It was neuyr +te maner  #
of
Englischmen to +gelde hem whan +tei myte fite'. So faute +tei,
and +tou+g +te Englisch host had no mo men but xv hundred, +get
<P 247>
had +tei +te bettir of xv +tousand, God and good prayeris hem
helpyng. 
   In +tis tyme was it defendid +tat galey-halfpenies schuld    #
not be 
used, for iii of hem were ful scarsly worth a peny. 
   In +tis +gere, in +te seuene day of May, cam +te Emperor     #
Sigemund
to London, and was loggid in +te kyngis paleys at Westminster   #
- 
the kyng lay at Lambhithe. The emperour offered a ymage of
Seynt George at Wyndesore, mad of +ture gold. There, on Seynt
Georges day, was he mad bro+tir of knites of +te garter, and    #
+tere
receyued +te kingis lyueri, whech he wered on solempne daies al
his lyue.
   At +te fest of Ascencion cam +te duke of Holland, with gret
aray of schippis and vitaile, to speke with +te emperour and    #
+te
kyng. His doutir was weddid to +te +gonger son of +te kyng of
Frauns, whech was now eyer aftir +te daufyn was ded.
   In +te xviii kalend of Julii were +te moost horribil         #
+tunderes and
litynnyngis +tat euyr ony man herd.
   Al +tis somyr men supposed +tat +te emperour schuld a sette
pes betwix Inglond and Frauns, but +te Frensch kyng and his
councell was euyr founde dobil; for, whil +tis trety was in     #
hand, +te
Frenschmen had gadered a gret nauy, with karikis and galeyes,
for to take Harflew. And for +tat cause +te kyng sent his       #
bro+tir,
Jon, duke of Bedford, with certeyn men of Ser Herry Percy,
whech Herry +te kyng had boute oute of prison fro Scotlond,
and with +tis help +tei took and distroyed +te most part of     #
+tat
nauy.
   Sone aftir +tat +te emperour went oute of Ynglond, and in    #
his
<P 248>
goyng he mad his seruauntis for to +trowe billis be +te wey, in
whech was writyn swech sentens: - 

Farewel, with glorious victory,
Blessid Inglond ful of melody.
Thou may be cleped of angel nature,
Thou seruist God so with bysy cure.
We leue with +te +tis praising,
Whech we schul euir sey and sing.      

Many conuenciones were mad betwix +te emperour and +te kyng,
and al her succession dyuyded in xii articles, whech were ageyn
+te ordinauns of oure book, for we +tink +tat it myte be        #
cleped rather
(^Abbreuiacion of Cronicles^) +tan a book. The kyng, +tat men   #
schuld
knowe wel +tat he was redy to haue pes with +te kyng of Frauns,
saylid ouyr +te se with +te emperour to Caleys. There aspied    #
+te
emperour +tat +te proferes on +te French side were but fraude   #
and
sotilte`; +terfor he left hem as +tei were.
   Than mad +te kyng a vnyte` betwix +te duke of Burgayn and
+te emperour. The cause of her debate was +tis. The duke of
Borgayn, long before +te same tyme, his fadir Philip lyuand,    #
was
take prisoner be +te Turkes, and +te emperour boute him ageyn
for a grete summe, whech summe he swore treuly to pay to +te
emperour, whech was +tan but kyng of Hungari. In +tis mater +te
kyng mad +te duke to take dayes and be bound, and forthwith
+te duke ded homage to +te emperour. The emperour fro Caleys
went to Dordraute, and with him went +te duke of Gloucetir and
o+tir, where +tei took leue of +te emperour and cam hom ageyn.
   In +tis tyme on Benedict Wolleman, a citeceyn of London, a
gret Lollard, whech had set up billes of grete erroure, was     #
takyn,
hanged, and drawe on Myhilmasse Day.
   Aftir +tat, in +te parlement, whech was hold at London, on
<P 249>
Seint Luce day, Thomas Beuforth, erle of Dorcete, was mad duke
of Exetir.
   This +gere deied +te kyng of Aragoyne, whech was a gret      #
letter
of +te vnion of Holy Cherch, meyntenyng +te antepope, Petir de
Luna. And notwithstanding +te emperour in his owne persone
exhorted him to +tis vnite`, and he hite +te emperour +tat he   #
schuld
withdrawe his obediens fro +tat same Petir, al availed not,     #
for he
deied sone aftir, and his sone meynteyned +te same erroure.
Eke +tat same Petir, obdurat in malice, charged all his         #
cardinales
+tat aftir his deth thei schuld chese a newe pope of her owne
college.
   In +te same +gere iii beggeres stole iii childyr at Lenne,   #
and of on
+tei put oute his eyne, +te o+tir +tei broke his bak, and +te   #
+tirde +tei
cut of his handis and his feet, +tat men schul of pite` gyue    #
hem
good. Long aftir, +te fadir of on of hem, whech was a           #
marchaund,
cam to London, and +te child knew him, and cryed loude, 'This
is my fader'. The fadir tok his child fro +te beggeres, and     #
mad hem
to be arested. The childirn told all +te processe, and +te      #
beggeris
were hangen, ful wel worthy. 



