1            C:\WORD\STANDARD.DFV                                                HP4B850E@ 7r  |The_Innsbruck_Corpus_of_English_Letters_from_1386_to_1688

|(prepared_by_ICAMET,_i.e._THE_INNSBRUCK_COMPUTER_ARCHIVE_OF
|MACHINE-READABLE_ENGLISH_TEXTS,_1994)

|Part_1:_The_15th_Century_(1386-1500)_(74_letters)
|(for_details_see_letter15.hlp)



|1.__A_Petition_of_the_Folk_of_Mercerye_(1386),
|A_book_of_London_English,_pp._33-37,
|MS._Pub._Rec._Off.,_Ancient_Petitions,_File_20,_No._997.

   [T]o the moost noble & Worthiest Lordes, moost ryghtful
& wysest conseille to owre lige Lorde the Kyng, compleynen, if


it lyke to yow, the folk of the Mercerye of London, [as] a
membre of the same citee, of many wronges subtiles & also
open oppressions, ydo to hem by longe tyme here bifore
passed.
   Of which oon was where the eleccion of Mairaltee is to be to
the fre men of the Citee bi gode & paisible auys of the wysest
& trewest at o day in the yere frelich, there nought-withstondyng
the same fredam or fraunchise, Nichol Brembre wyth his vpberers
purposed hym, the yere next after John Northampton, Mair of
the same Citee with stronge honde, as it is ful knowen, &
thourgh debate & strenger partye ayeins the pees bifore purueyde
was chosen Mair in destruccion of many ryght.
   For in the same yere the forsaid Nichol, with-outen nede,
ayein the pees made dyuerse enarmynges bi day & eke bi
nyght & destruyd the kynges trewe lyges, som with open
slaughtre, some bi false emprisonenment, & some fledde the
Citee for feere as it is openlich knowen.
   And so ferthermore, for to susteyne thise wronges & many
othere, the next yere after, the same Nichol, ayeins the forsaide
fredam & trewe comunes, did crye openlich that no man
sholde come to chese her Mair but such as were sompned, & tho
that were sompned, were of his ordynaunce & after his auys.
And in the nyght next after folwynge he did carye grete
quantitee of Armure to the Guyldehalle, with which as wel
straungers of the contree as othere of with-jnne were armed on
the morwe, ayeins his owne proclamacion that was such that
no man shulde be armed; & certein busshment were laide,
that, when free men of the Citee come to chese her Mair,
breken vp armed cryinge with loude voice 'sle! sle!' folwyng
hem; wherthourgh the peple for feere fledde to houses & other
[hidy]nges as in londe of werre, adradde to be ded in comune.
   And thus yet hiderward hath the Mairaltee ben holden as it
were of conquest or maistrye, & many othere offices als. So
that what man pryue or apert in special, that he myght wyte,
grocchyng pleyned or helde ayeins any of his wronges, or bi


puttyng forth of whom so it were, were it neuer so vnpreuable,
were apeched, & it were displesyng to hym Nichol, anon was
emprisoned. And, though it were ayeins falshede of the leest
officer that hym lust meynteigne, was holden vntrewe lige man
of owre kyng; for who reproued such an officer, maynteigned
bi hym, of wronge or elles, he forfaited ayeins hym, Nichol, & he,
vnworthy as he saide, represented the kynges estat. Also if any
man bi cause of seruyce or other leueful comaundement approched
a lorde, to which lorde he, Nichol, dradde his falshede to be
knowe to, anon was apeched that he was false to the conseille
of the Citee, & so to the kyng.
   And yif in general his falsenesse were ayeinsaide, as of vs
togydre of the Mercerye or othere craftes, or ony conseille wolde
haue taken to ayeinstande it, or as [tyme] out of mynde hath be
vsed, wolden companye togydre, how lawful so it were for owre
nede or profite, were anon apeched for arrysers ayeins the pees,
& falsly many of vs, that yet stonden endited. And we ben
openlich disclaundred, holden vntrewe & traitours to owre Kyng,
for the same Nichol sayd bifor Mair, Aldermen, & owre craft
bifor hem gadred in place of recorde, that xx. or xxx. of vs
were worthy to be drawen & hanged, the which thyng lyke to
yowre worthy lordship by an euen Juge to be proued or
disproued, the whether that trowthe may shewe, for trouthe
amonges vs to fewe or elles no man many day dorst be shewed.
And nought oonlich vnshewed or hidde it hath be by man now,
but also of bifore tyme the moost profitable poyntes of trewe
gouernaunce of the Citee, compiled togidre bi longe labour of
discrete & wyse men, wyth-out conseille of trewe men, for thei
sholde nought be knowen ne contynued, in the tyme of Nichol
Exton, Mair, outerliche were brent.
   And so ferforth falsehede hath be vsed that of tyme he,
Nichol Brembre, saide in sustenaunce of his falshede owre lige
lordes wille was such that neuer was such, as we suppose. He


saide also, whan he hadde disclaundred vs, which of us wolde
yelde hym false to his kyng, the kyng sholde do hym grace,
cherise hym & be good lorde to hym. And if any of vs alle,
that wyth goddes help haue & shulle be founden trewe, was so
hardy to profre prouyng of hym self trewe, anon was comaunded
to prisone as wel bi the Mair that now is as of hym, Nichol
Brembre, bifore.
   Also we haue be comaunded oft tyme vp owre ligeaunce to
vnnedeful & vnleueful dyuerse doynges. And also to wythdrawe
vs, bi the same comaundement, fro thynges nedeful & lefful, as
was shewed whan a companye of gode women, there men dorst
nought, trauailleden barfote to owre lige lorde to seche grace of
hym for trewe men as they supposed, for thanne were such
proclamacions made that no man ne woman sholde approche
owre lige lorde for sechyng of grace, & ouer-many othere
comaundement also bifore & sithen, bi suggestion & informa_cion
of suche that wolde nought her falsnesse had be knowen to
owre lige lorde. And lordes, by yowre leue, owre lyge lordes
comaundement to symple & vnkonnyng men is a gret thyng to
ben vsed so famulerlich with-outen nede, for they, unwyse to
saue it, mowe lyghtly ther ayeins forfait.
   For thy, graciouse lordes, lyke it to yow to take hede in what
manere & where owre lige lordes power hath ben mysused
by  the forsaid Nichol & his vpberers, for sithen thise wronges
bifore saide han ben vsed as accidental or comune braunches
outward, it sheweth wel the rote of hem is a ragged subiect or
stok inward, that is the forsaid Brere or brembre, the whiche
comune wronge vses, & many other, if it lyke to yow, mowe be
shewed & wel knowen bi an indifferent Juge & Mair of owre
Citee; the which wyth yowre ryghtful lordeship ygraunted for
moost pryncipal remedye, as goddes lawe & al resoun wole,
that no domesman stonde togidre Juge & partye, wronges sholle
more openlich be knowe & trouth dor apere. And ellis, as
among vs, we konne nought wyte in what manere without


a moch gretter disese, sith the gouernaunce of this Citee
standeth as it is bifor saide, & wole stande whil vittaillers bi
suffraunce presumen thilke states vpon hem, the which gouer_naunce
of, bifor this tyme to moche folke yhidde, sheweth hym
self now open whether it hath be a cause or bygynnyng of
dyuysion in the Citee & after in the Rewme, or no.
   Wherfore for grettest nede as to yow. moost worthy moost
ryghtful & wysest lordes & conseille to owre lige lorde the
kyng, we biseche mekelich of yowre grac[e] coreccion of alle
the wronges bifore sayde, & that it lyke to yowre lordeship
to be gracious menes to owre lyge lorde the kyng, that suche
wronges be knowen to hym, & that we mowe shewe vs & sith
ben holden such trewe [men] to hym as we ben & owe to ben.
   Also we biseche vnto yowre gracious lordeship that, if any of
vs in special or general be apeched to owre lige lorde or to his
worthy conseille bi comunyng with othere or approchyng to
owre kyng, as wyth Brembre or his abettours with any wronge
wytnesse beryng, as that it stode otherwyse amonges vs here
than as it is now proued it hath ystonde, or any other wronge
suggestion by which owre lige lorde hath ybe vnleeffullich
enfourmed, that thanne yowre worshipful lordship be such that
we mowe come in answer to excuse vs. For we knowe wel as for
by moche the more partye of vs, &, as we hope, for alle, alle
suche wronges han ben vnwytyng to vs or elles outerlich ayeins
owre wille. And, ryghtful lordes, for oon the grettest remedye
with othere forto ayein-stonde many of thilke diseses afore saide
 amonges vs, we prayen wyth mekenesse this specialich that the
statut ordeigned & made bi parlement holden at westmystre in
the sexte yere of owre Kyng now regnynge mowe stonde in
strenghte & be execut, as wel here in london as elles where
in the rewme, the which is this: Item ordinatum est & statutum
quod, etc., etc.



|2.__The_Aldermen_of_London_to_King_Henry_V_(1417),
|A_book_of_London_English,_pp._68-70.
|MS._Guildhall,_Letter-book_I,_f._ccix.

   Of Alle erthely Princes Our most dred souereigne liege Lord
and noblest Kyng, we, youre simple Officers, Mair and Aldermen
of youre trewe Citee of London, with exhibicion of alle maner
subiectif reuerence and seruisable lowenesse that may be hadde
in dede,or in Mynde conceyued, recommende vs vnto your most
noble and hye Magnificence and excellent Power, bisechyng the
heuenly kyng of his noble grace and Pitee that he so wold
illumine and extende vpon the trone of your kyngly mageste
the radyouse bemys of hys bounteuous grace, that the begunnen
spede, by hys benigne suffraunce and help yn your Chiualiruse
persoune fixed and affermed, mowe so be continued forth, and
determined so to his plesaunce, your worship, and alle your


reumys proffyt that we and alle your other lieges to the desired
presence of your most noble and graciouse persone, fro which
grete distance of place long tyme hath priued vs, the sonner
myght approche and visuelly perceyue, to singuler confort and
special Joye of vs alle; Makyng protestacion, our most dred
soueraigne liege lord, & noblest kyng, that be this feruent
desire wiche we han to the bodyly sight of your most excellent
and noble persone, our entente is noght to move you fro no
thing of your hye worship, ne to no thyng that myght be perill
to your lond, that ye haue put in obbeissaunce. Our most dred
soueraign liege lord and noblest kynge, for-as-moche as we trust
verryly that the kyngly desyre of your inspired excellence
deliteth to here of the welfare of your forsayd Cite, which your
noble and soueraign grace with innumerable prerogatifs &
liberalle Fraunchises hath euer visited and endowed, Like it vn-to
your kyngly mageste to vnderstonde that euer syn the tyme of
your last departyng it hath stonde, yit doth, and euer shal, by the
help of oure Lord almyghty, in as gret pees and tranquillite as
euer ded Cite in absence of his most soueraign and excellent lord.
And for-as-moch, most dred souerein liege lord and noblest kyng,
as the hertly desire of your forsayd cite ys, as who seith, with an
heuenly drynk and infusion so oftetymes gladed and refresshid
as it hereth the soueraign helth and prosperite of your most
graciouse & noble persoune; Therfor we, mekely bowyng our
hertes to-for the clernesse of your kyngly mageste, biseche your
high excellence and excellent highnesse that it lyke, of the roted
gentillesse and gronded grace in your nobley, so to visyte vs in
assertenyng of your souueragn helth and prosperite, as it is seyd
before, that we, in defaute of such vistacion, languisse not as men
from so hie a grace sequestred and exiled. Our most dred
soueraign liege lord and noblest kyng, we, your symple officers,
specially beseche vnto all the holy company of heuenly knyght_hode,
assembled in the hie blisse wher-as is eternal ioye and non
euynesse, so be-shyne the noble knyghthode in your cronicable
excellence aporeued, that ye mowe in this world vpon vs and alle


your other lieges with report of wordly victory longe regne and
endure; and after, whan your graciouse erthely persoune from
your inward spirit ys dessolued, that ye mowe be brought tofor
the throne of the hye kynge, and ther with heuenly Ierarchies in
eternel glorie perpetuelly duelle and abyde. Wryten at your
forsayd Cite of london, the xx day of Decembre. Your humble
lieges and simple Officers, Richard Merlawe, Mair, and Aldermen
of your Cite of London.



|3.__Aldermen_of_London_(1418),
A_Book_of_London_English,__p._72/73
|MS._Guildhall,_Letter-book_I,_f._ccxv.

Responcio eiusdem littere.

   Of alle erthely Princes our most dred soueraign Liege lord and
noblest kynge, we recomaunde vs vnto your soueraign highnesse
and riall power, in as meke wyse and lowely maner as any symple
officers and pouuere lieges best may or can ymagine and diuise
vnto her most graciouse and most soueraign kyng, Thankyng
with all our soules your most soueraign excellence and noble
grace of e right gentell, right graciouse, and right confortable
lettres, which ye late liked to send vs fro your toun of pount-de_larche,
which lettres wi al lowenesse and reuerence we haue
mekly resceyued, and vnderstonde bi which lettres, amonges al
other blessed spede and graciouse tithinges in hem conteyned, for
which we thanke hyly, and euer shulle, the lord almighty, ware
we most inwardly conforted and reioysed, whan we herde e
soueraign helthe and parfit prosperite of your most excellent


and graciouse persoune, which we beseche god of hys grete
grace and noble pite euer to kepe and manteyne. And of the
astate of your Cite of London, yif it like your soueraign high_nesse
to here and vnderstonde, plese it your benigne grace to
conceyue that in pesibler degre, treta[b]ler gouernaunce, ne Joy_fuller
rest, as ferforth as absence of you at ar our most soueraign
and excellent lord may suffre, was neuer erthly Cite ne toun,
y-blessed be god. Our most dred souueraign liege lord & noblest
kyng, we lowly besech e kyng of kynges, whos reaume shal
endelesly Last, your blessed soule and noble body from either of
ther enemys euermore to kepe and defend.
   Writen at your sayd Cite of London the xij day of Augst.
   The mair, shereues, Aldermen and all the comuners of your
   cite London.
   To the kyng our most dred and most soueraign Lorde.



|4.__Aldermen_of_London_(1418),
A_Book_of_London_English,_p._74-76.
|MS._Guildhall,_Letter-book_I,_f._ccxvi.
|8_Sept.,_1418.

Responcio Littere precedentis.

   Our most dred most soueraign Lord and noblest kyng, to the
soueragn highnesse of your kyngly mageste with all maner of
lowenesse andreuerence mekly we recomende vs, Nat oonly as
we oughte and shulde, but as we best can and may, with alle our
hertes thankynge your soueraign excellence of your gracious
lettres in makyng gladsom in vnderstondyng and passyng con_fortable
in fauoring of our poure degrees, which ye liked late to
send vs from your hoost afore the Cite of Roan. In which
lettres, after declaracion of your most noble entent for the re_fresshing
of your hooste, ye recorde so highly the redinesse of
our wille and power at alle tymes to your plesaunce, and thankyn
vs therof so hertely, that treuly, saue oonly our preier to hym
that al good quiteth, neuer was it, ne mighte it halfe be deserued.


And aftur suing in your forsaid gracious lettres ye praye vs
eff[e]c[t]uelly to do enarme as mani smale vessels as we may
with vitaille, and specially with drinke, for to come up as fer as
they may in to the riuer of seyne. And nat only this, but in the
conclusion of your soueraign lettres forsayd, ye fede vs so boun_teuesly
with behest shewyng of your good lordship to vs in tyme
comyng, as ye haue euer don, that now and euer we shulle be the
joyfuller in this lyfe whan we remembre vs on so noble a grace.
O how may the simplesse of pouere lieges better or mor clerly
conceyue the graciouse loue and fauorable tendresse of the kyng
her soueraign lord, than to here how your most excellent & noble
persone, more worthi to vs than alle wordly richesse or plente, in
so thynne habondance of vitaill, homly disposed so graciously
and goodly declare and vttre vnto vs, that ar your liege men and
subgitz, your plein luste and plesaunce, as it is in your sayd noble
lettres worthily conteyned. Certein trewe liege man is er non,
ne feithfu subgit coude er non ne durste tarie or be lachesse in
any wyse to the effectuell praier or comaundement of so soue_raign
and high a lord, which his noble body peineth and knightly
auentureth for the right and welfare of vs alle. Oure most dred,
most soueraign Lord and noblest kyng, plese it your soueraign hig_nesse
to vnderstonde how that your forsaid kyngly praier as most
strait charge and comaundement we willyng in alle pointes obeye
and execute; anon fro e resceit of your sayd gracious lettres,
which was e xix day of august nigh none, vnto the makyng of ese
symple lettres, what in getyng and enarmyng of as many smale
vessels as we myght, doyng brewe boe ale and bere, purveing
wyne and oer vitaille for to charge with e same vessels, we
haue don our besie diligence and cure, as god wot. In which
vessels, wioute gret plente of oer vitails at men of your cite
london auenturen, for refresshing of your host, to e costes


where your soueraign presence is Inne, We lowely send wi
gladdest wille vnto your soueraign excellence and kyngly magest
by Johan credy and John Combe, poure officers of your sayd Cite,
bringers of thes lettres, Tritty botes of swete wyne, that is to seye
ten of Tyre, ten of Romeney, ten of Maluesey, and a Thousand
pipes of ale and bere, with Thuo Thousand and five hundred
coppes for your hoost to drinke of, which we besech your high
excellence and noble grace for our alder comfort and gladnesse
benignely to resceyue and accepte, nat hauyng reward to e litel_hed
or smale value of the yifte it self, which is simple, but to e
good will and high desir at e poure yeuers erof han to e
good spede, worship, and welfare of your most soueraign and
excellent persone, Of which spede an welfare, and al your oer
kyngly lustes and plesaunces, we desire highly be the sayd berers
of thes lettres, or oer whom your soueraign highnesse shal like,
fully to be lerned and enfourmed. Our moost dred, most
soueraign lord and noblest kyng, we lowely besech the kyng of
heuen, whos body refused nat for our sauacion wordly peyne
Gilteles to endure, at he your graciouse persone, which for our
alder good and proffit so knythly laboure, litel or noght charg_yng
bodily ease, in al worship and Honure euermore to kepe and
preserue. Writen at grauesende, vnder e seal of mayralte of
your sayd Cite London, on e day of e Natiuite of our Lady the
Blisful mayde.
   To the kyng our most dred
   and most soueraign Lord.



|5.__Aldermen_of_London_(1419),
|A_Book_of_London_English,_p._79-80
|MS._Guildhall,_Letter-book_I,_f._ccxxxvi.
|6_Sept.,_1419.

Responsio littere precedentis.

   Our most dred and most souueraign ertly lord, we recomande
vs vnto e souueraign excellence of your kyngly mageste in e
most humble and lowely wyse at any pouere or simple lieges
can best imagine or deuise,lowely thankyng your souueraign
excellence and noble grace of e right gracious and right con_fortable
lettres, which ye liked late to sende vs fro your town of
maunt, be Johan Palyng. The which lettres, with al maner of
honour and lowely reuerence, we haue mekly resceyued and
vnderstonde. And trewely, most dred and souueraign lord, gladder
ne moor confortable tithinges might neuer haue come, nor in
better tyme, for to satisfie and refresshe the feruent desir of your
poure lieges, at haue loong thrusted aftur knowlech of your
prosperite, than were your sayd gracious lettres, the which amongs
al oer special graces most Principalich for our hertly confort
conteyned e souueraign hel and parfit prosperite of your most
souueraign and gracious persone. The which Crist of his souue_raign
mercy and noble pite plese alwey to kepe in al maner of
worship and Joye. Our most dred and most souueraign erthly lord
whan we remembre vs hough at your kyngly might and power,
grouded in the trewe pees of god, is so vertuosly soonded wi e
spirit of meknesse in deuout and continuel thankyng of god in
al his soondes, and trust of good prayers of your peple, as your
sayd lettres make gracious mencion: Trewely we ar meued be
as gret consideracion and as resonable cause as euer were liege
men to pray, as we haue and shulle yef god will, for e good and
gracious spede of your most excellent and gracious persone, And
to thanke god lowely at euer he sent vs so gracious and so


vertuose a souueraign lord to regne and haue lordship vp-on vs.
Our most dred and most souueraign lord, yef it like your souue_raign
highnesse to here of astat of your Citee london, Plese it
your kyngly mageste to conceyue at in more quiet ne pesibler
rest, as ferforth as absence of you at ar our most gracious &
most souueraign lord may suffre, was neuer erthly Citee nor place,
blessed be god. Our most dred and most souueraign lord, we
lowely beseche god the kyng of pees, whos grace excedeth e
merit of hem at pray, that he vouche-sauf your kyngly mageste
stabilissh in al vertu, and euermore kepe your most excelent &
souueraign persone in al Joy and prosperite to his plesaunce.
Writen at your said Citee of london, vnder the seal of Mairalte
erof, e vi day of Septembre.
To the Kynge our most dred
and most souueraign Lord.
                        your pouere and humble lieges
                        e Mair Shirefs Aldremen &
                        Commons of your Citee London.



|6._Aldermen_of_London_(1424),
|A_Book_of_London_English,_p._87/88
|MS._Guildhall,_Letter-book_K,_f._18_v.

Littera missa per Maiorem & Aldremannos domino
   Duci Bedfordie.

   Right high, right myghty, and right honurable Prince, we
recomaunde vs vn-to your Lordly excellens in e most humble
and seruisable maner that we can best ymagine and deuise,
Thankyng lowly your noble grace of o gracious lettres in
makyng gladsom in vndyrstandyng and passyng confortable in
fauoring of our pouer degrees Whyche you liked late to sende
vs from Craille vpon case in Normandie, be at worshypfull
and wel-auised man John Salueyn, your esquier, whyche hath
made vs notable report and right comfortable exposicion of
estate and tidinges of at londe, blessed be god. Bot amonges
alle other, more gladder ne more comfortable tidinges myght non
haue come, nor in better tyme, to satisfie and refressh e feruent
desire of vs that long haue thursted aftir knowlech of your
prosperite, an were seid gracious lettres, at yaven vs ful enfor_macion
and singler comfort of e gode hele and disposicion of
your persone, whyche crist of his soueraign mercy and pite
infenite euer preserue and mainteigne in Joye and honure to his
plesaunche. Right high, right myghty, and ryght honurable
Prince, of at at your Lordly clemence so benigly vouche sauf,
as is purported in e parclose of your seid lettres to haue
assercion be comers betwene of your gode desires, enclinyng
your excellence to accomlissement of hem at alle tymes, it
excedeth in-estimablich our power and konnyng to yeue you
thankynges erof recompensable in eny wyse. Bot god, at is
guerdoner of euery gode dede, quite rewarde yowe in stede of vs,
wher we may not. And, for we truste and knowe verilich at


hit pleseth yow to here of estate of e Cite of London, to whiche
ye haue euyr be right gode Lorde and fauorable, we certefie
vn-to your gracious Lordship at in more quiete ne pesibler reste
was neuer Cite nor place, blessed be god, whiche of his incom_parable
bounte send you gode and graciouse lif, to e plesaunche
of hym, and comfort of vs and alle your oer welwillers, long for
to lede. Writen at London.



|7._King_Henry_V_(1417a),
|A_Book_of_London_English,_p._67
|MS._Guildhall,_Letter-book_I,_f._cxcix.

Littera domini Regis Maiori & Aldremannis missa.

   By the Jyng -- Trusty and wel-beloued, We grete yow often
tymes wel, Doyng yow to vnderstande for youre confort that by
the grace of god we ben sauely arryued into oure lond of Nor_mandie
, with all oure subgitz ordeyned to goo with vs for the
ferst passage; and this day, the Euen of Seint Laurence, aboute
mydday was yolden vn-to us the Castell of Touque, a-boute the
whiche our wel-beloued cosyn therle of Huntyngdon lay, and the
keyes of the sayd castell deliuered vnto vs withoute shedyng of
cristen blood, or deffense mad by oure enemys; the whech Castel
is an honneur, and all the viscountie and Lordshippes of Auge
halden ther-of, as we ben enfourmed by such men as were ther
yn. Wherof we thanke god lowely that hym lust of high grace
to shewe vnto vs so faire begynnyng in our present voiage,
Desiryng Also that ye thanke god therof in the most best wyse
that ye can and that ye sende vs fro tyme to tyme suche tydyng,
be komerys be-thwene, as ye haue in that syde the see. Yeuen
vnder our signet, at our sayd Castel of Touque, the ix day of
Aost.



|8.__King_Henry_V_(1417b),
|A_Book_of_London_English,_pp._67/68.
|MS._Guildhall,_Letter-book_I,_f._cc_v.

Littera domini Regis Maiori & Aldremannis missa.

   By the Jyng -- Right trusty and welbeloued, We grete you
often tymes wel, doyng you to vndirstonde that, on Seint Cuth_bertes


day the Translacion, god of his high grace send vn-to
oure handes oure town of Caen by assault, and with right litell
deth of oure peple, wherof we thanke our saviour lowelich
as we can or may, prayng you that ye do the same, and as de_uoutely
as ye can; certefying you also that we and our host been
in good prosperite and helth, thankyd be god of hys mercy, who
haue you in hys kepyng. Yeuen vnde our signet, in our sayd
town of Caen, the vte day of Septembre.
   Ferthermore, aftir the date of this lettres, our Castell of Caen ys
yolden to vs, and hostages leyd upon this condicion, but yif they
be rescowed bi bataille to be youen vn-to us by oure aduersaire
of france, other his son called the Dolphin, other therle of
Ermenak, be the xix day of the sayd moneth of Septembre.



|9.__King_Henry_V_(1418a),
|A_Book_of_London_English,_pp._71/72.
|MS._Guildhall,_Letter-book_I,_f._ccxxxvi.

Littera Domini Regis missa Maiori & Aldermannis Ciuitatis Londonie.

                        By the kyng.
   Trusty and welbeloued, we grete you well, and do you to
vnderstonde at we been in good prosperite of oure persone, and
so ben al astates of our hoost, blessed be god, which graunt you
so to be, and as touching oure gouernaunce and tithing si our
last departyng fro Caen, we com afore oure Toun of Louiers &
wan it by assiege, to the which place com to vs e cardinal of
Vrsin fro our holy fader e pope, for to trete for e good of
pees Betwix boe Reaumes, and is goon ayein to paris for to
diligence ere in is same mater, but what ende it shal drawe to
we wote noght as yet. And aftur at we hadde wonne our sayd
toun of Louiers, we cam afore pount-de-larche, and bisieged it
on at oon syde of e riuer of seyne, and vpon munday e iiij
day of e mone of Juill we gate vpon our enemys e passage
ouer the sayd riuer, and god of his mercy shewed so for vs and
for our right that it was withouten e de of any mannes persone
of oures, albehit that our enemys, with grete power, assembled
nigh the same riuer, for to haue let and defended vs the same
passage. And than we leyd our men afore the castell, and after
that they withine the garnison sent to vs for to deliuer vnto vs the
town, and the sayd Castell of pount-de-Larch, the xx day of the
sayd moneth, Olesse an they were rescowed by at day, by
batall to be youen to vs by our aduersaire, other his sone, the
which thing we graunted, and toke erupon hostage; and so ben
the sayd castell and Toun yolden and deliuered into our handes,
wherof, and of all our other good spede that our lord of his mercy


shewe vnto us, we thanke hym lowely with all our hert, as we
haue grete cause, and so haue ye and all our liege men. Ferther_more
we sent a poursuant of oures to the Duc of Burgoyne, to
knowe whether he wolde kepe trewes taken bitwix vs and hym
or no, and the same poursuaunt is comen ayein, and hath fully
enfourmed vs the sayd duke casteth hym to yeue vs the bataill,
and so we holde hym our ful enemy, and he is now at Parys. Of
the deth of the erle of Armeignak, and of the slaghter that ha
ben at Parys, we halde no nede to write to you, for we trowe ye
haue full knowlach erof. And god haue you in his kepyng.
Youen vnder our signet, at our sayd Toun of Pount-de-Larch,
the xxj day of Juill.
   To our right trusty and welbeloued e mair, Shereues, Alder_men
and good Comuners of our Cite of London.



|10.__King_Henry_V_(1418b),
|A_Book_of_London_English,_pp._73/74
|MS._Guildhall,_Letter-book_I,_f._ccxvi.

Littera missa Maiori, Aldermannis, & Comunibus
Ciuitatis Londonie pro Victualibus mittendis Do_mino
Regi in obsidione ante Rothomago iacenti &c.

   Right trusty And welbeloued, We grete you ofte tymes well,
And forasmoche as, in e name of Almighty god and in oure
right, wi hys grace, we haue leyd e siege afore the cite of
Roan, which is the most notable place in fraunce saue Parys, atte
which siege vs nede gretly refresshing for us and for our hoost;
and we haue founde you our trewe lieges and subgitz of good
wille at al tymes, to do al thing that might do vs worship and ese,
wherof we can you right hertely thank, And pray you effectuelly,


that in al the haste that ye may ye wille do arme as manie smale
vessels as ye may, goodly with vitaille, and namly with drinke,
for to come to Harfleu, And fro ennes as fer as they may vp e
Riuer of Seyne to Roan-ward wi e said vitaille for the refressh_ing
of vs and our said hoost, as oure trust is to you; for the which
vessels er shal be ordeigned suffisant conduyt, with goddes
grace; wetyng well also at ther-inne ye may don vs right gret
plesaunce And refresshing for al our hoost aboue sayd, And yeue
vs cause to shewe erfor to you euer the better lordship in tyme
comynge, wyth the help of oure saueour, the which we praye at
he haue you in hys sauf warde. Yeuen vnder our signet, in our
hoost afore the sayd Cite of Roan, e x day of August.
   To oure Right trusty and welbeloued e Mair, Aldermen, and
al the worthi communers of our cite of London.



|11.__King_Henry_V_(1419),
|A_Book_of_London_English,_p._78
|MS._Guildhall,_Letter-book_I,_f._ccxxxvi.
|Date:_5_Aug.,_1419.

Littera domini Regis missa Maiori Aldermannis &
                    comunibus.

   Trusti and Welbeloued, We grete yow wel, And late you wete
to youre comfort that we been in good heele and prosperite of
oure persone, blessed be god, which graunte you always soo to bee;
Ferthermore as touching tithinges, we signifie vnto yow at god of
his grace, worshiped be he, hath sent in to our handes our Toun
of Pontoyse, and hough proffitable e hauyng of it is vnto vs John
Palyng, e bringer of is, can enfourme you. And we pray you
thanke god erof, and of alle his gracious soondes at he send_eth
vs. And forasmoch as our aduerse partie wol noo pees nor
accord haue wi vs, but finally haue refused al meenes of pees,
We be compelled ayein to werre thorough air default, as he wot
at al knowe. To whoos mercy we trust, for our good wil and
redinesse to e pees, to haue e better spede heraftur, e which
we recomende to your good prayers wi al our herte; And god
haue you in his keping. Yeuen vnder our signet, at our town of
Mant, e v day of Augst.
   To our trusty and welbeloued e Mair, Shirreues,
   Aldermen, and communs of our Citee of London. Tolyes.



|12.__King_Henry_V_(1419),
|A_Book_of_London_English,_pp._82/83.

A lettre fro e kyng to e Mair, Aldremen
                and Comunes.

   By the Kyng -- Trusty and wel-beloued, We grete you well
And we thanke you wi al our hert of e good wil and seruice
at we haue alweys founde in you hedertoward, And sp[ec]iallich
of your kynde and notable profre of an ayde,e which ye han
graunted vnto vs of your owne good mocion, as our broer of
Bedford and our Chanceller of England haue writen vnto vs,
yeuing erinne good ensaumple yn diuerce wyse to al e remanant
of our sugitz in our lande, And soo we pray you, as our trust is
ye wol, for to continue. And as to e said ayde, e which ye
haue concluded to do vnto vs now at is tyme, we pray you
specially that we mow haue it at such tyme and in such wyse as
our b[r]oer of Bedford shal moor pleinly declare vnto you on
our behalue, Lating you fuly wete at we haue writen to al our
frendes and allies orwe Cristendom, for to haue socours and help
of hem, ayeins e same tyme at our sayd broer shal declare
you, the which, when ey here of arme and array at ye
and other of our subgitz make at home yn help of vs, shal


yeue hem gret corage to hast air comyng vnto vs moche e
rather and nat faille, as we trust fully. Wherfor we pray you
herteley at ye wolde do touching e forsayd ayde as our sayd
broer shal declare vnto you on our behalue, Considering at
so necessarie ne so acceptable a seruice as ye may do, a[n]d wol
do as we trust vnto you at is tyme, ye ne might neuer haue don
vnto vs seth our werres in Fraunce be-gan. For we truste fully
to goddes might and his mercy, wi good help of you and of our
land, to haue a good ende of our sayd werre in short tyme, and
for to come home vnto you to gret comfort and singuler Joye of
our hert, as god knowe, e which he graunte vs to his plesaunce,
And haue you euer in his kepinge. Yeuen vnder our signet, yn
our Toun of Pontoise, e xvij day of August.
   And wete at e forsayd xvij day of August departed from vs
at Pountoyse our lettres to you, direct in is same tenur. And by
cause it is sayd e berer of hem is by our enemys taken in to
Crotey, we renouelle hem here at Trye  Castell, the xij=e= day of
Septembre.                      T. Tibbay.



|13.__William_Paston_I_to_William_Worstede,_John
               |Longham,_and_Piers_Shelton_(1426),
|(Paston_Letters,_pp._1-2)
|1426,_1_March
|MS._Add._27443,_f._80.

Address: A mez tres honnures meistres William Worstede, John
  Longham, et Meister Piers Shelton soit donne.:

RIGHT worthy and worshepefull seres and maistres, I recomand
me to yow and thank yow with al my herte of the gret tendre_nesse
ye lyke to have of the salvacion of my symple honeste,
preyng yow evermore of your good continuance. I have, after
the advys of your lettre, doon dwely examyned the instrument by
the wysest I coude fynde here, and in especial by on Maister
Robert Sutton, a courtezane of the court of Rome, the which is
the chief and most chier man with my Lord of Gloucestre and
his matier in the seyd court for my lady his wyff. And here
aunswere is that al this processe, though it were in dede proceded
as the instrument specifieth, is not suffisant in the lawe of Holy
Cherche....
   Myn adversarie is become bysshop of Cork in Irland, and ther
arn ii other persones provided to the same bysshopriche yet
lyvyng, beforn my seyd adversarie; and by this acceptacion of
this bysshopriche he hath pryved hym self of the title that he
claymed in Bromholm, and so adnulled the ground of his pro_cesse
ageyn me. And also, the tyme of his grevaunce pretendid,
and the tyme of his sute, he was apostata, and I trowe is yet; and
so unable to sue any swich processe.
   I purpose me to come homward be London, to lerne more in
this matier if I may. I prey the Holy Trinite, Lord of your cherche
and of alle the werld, delyvere me of my iii adversaries: of this
cursed bysshop for Bromholm, Aslak for Sprouston, and Julian
Herberd for Thornham. I have nought trespassed ageyn noon of
these iii, God knowith; and yet I am foule and noysyngly vexed
with hem to my gret unease, and al for my lordes and frendes


matieres and nought for myn owyn. I wot not whether it were
best, in any sermon or other audience in your cherche or elles_where,
to declare ought of this matier, in stoppyng of the noyse
that renneth in this case. I submitte me and alle this matier to
your good discrecion; and evere gremercy God and ye, who
evere have yow and me in his gracious governaunce. I suppose
to se yow on Palme Sunday. Writen at Leycestre the Friday the
thredde wyke of Lente....
                  Yowr man, W. PASTON



|14.__William_Paston_I_to_the_vicar_of_the_Abbot_of_Cluny_(1429),
|Paston_Letter,_pp._2-3.
|Probably_1429
|MS._Add._27443,_f._87v.

   MY ryghte worthy and worshepeful lord, I recomaunde me to
yow. And forasmeche as I conseyve verrayly that ye arn vicar
general in Inggelond of the worthy prelate the Abbot of Clunie,
and have hys powre in many grete articles, and among other in
p[ro]fession of monkes in Inggelond of the seyd ordere. And in
my cuntre, but a myle fro the place where I was born, is the povre
hous of Bromholm, of the same ordre, in wheche arn divers
vertuous yongge men, monkes clad and unprofessyd, that have
abedyn there <wythow>t abbyte ix or x yeere; and be lenger
delaye of here profession many inconvenientez arn lyke to falle.
And also the priour of <the seyd hous> hath resigned into yowre
worthy handes by certeins notables and resonables causes, as it
apperyth by an instrument and a symple lettre under the comune
seal of the seyd hous of Bromholm, which the berare of this hath
redy to shewe yow. Wherupon I prey yow wyt al my herte, and
as I evere may do yow service, that it lyke to your grace to graunte
of your charite by yowre worthy lettres to the priour of Thet_ford
in Norffolk, of the seyde ordre of Clunye, autorite and
powere as your ministre and depute to professe in dwe forme the
seyd monkes of Bromholm unprofessed. And that it lyke yow
overmore to accepte and admitte the seyd resygnacion by your


seyd autorite and powere, wyth the favour of your good lordshepe,
in confort and consolacion of your pouere prestes the monkes of
the seyd hous of Bromholm; and therup to graunte your worthy
letres wittenessyng the same acceptacion and admyssion of the
seid resignacion, and al your seid lettres to delyvere to my clerk,
to wham I prey yow to gyve feith and credence touchant this
matier and to delyvere hym in alle the hast resonable. And I am
your man and evere will be, by the grace of God, which evere
have yow in his kepyng. Writen at Norwich the |{gap} of April.
                               Yowres, WILLIAM PASTON



|15.__Letter_from_Sir_David_Home_(1438-9),
|(The_Priory_of_Coldingham,_p._109)
|[Ex_Orig._Loc._25.]

   Reverent fadir in Crist I recomaund me to owr gude fader_hod
& gude Lordship schawit to me at all tymys; and ples ow
to wit that this cuntre that I ame in standis disjoynt & in gret
peril, as I trew e hafe herd; and I hafe ben lang tyme servand
to saynt Cudbart & ow; and if I hafe done gude service it
likit me wele, and if I have done other way me repents. Ne_vertheless,
sen I hafe ben to ow a lang servant & in office, gyf
it war plesyng to owr Lordschip & o=r= brethir I deyn to hafe
o=r= lettres thar of for terme of my lyfe; and to hafe my pencion
sumthyng amendit, as it myght be to the valew of cs inglisch,
quhilk has ben ay befor bot to the valew of v marc & d. inglish.
And gyf this can be done I will bynd my frendis & my selfe to
defend owr right at our power: and gyf it can no=t= be, e mon
hald me excusit; & at e will gyf credence to dan John Byrtley,
for I commond wt hym apon this mater for to shaw ow my en_tent
in this mater. And reverend fadir in Crist the haly gast hafe
ow in kepyng. Wrytyn at the tour of Colbrandspeth, the
xxiij day of februer.
         Be o=r=s in all thyng
               DAVID HOME OF WEDERBURN.

|Indorsed  Reverendo in Christo patri domino
   priori Dunell. eccleci.  David Hum.



|16.__Letter_from_Sir_David_Home_(1440),
|The_Priory_of_Coldingham,_p._113
|[Orig._Loc._25.]


   Reverend fadir in Crist, I recomend me to your reverent
fadyrhode w=t= all my hart, as our awyn servand, & to my
brethr of =r= chapytar. And lyk you to remember that i haff
commonyt w=t= you my self, and alsua made divers menys &
wryttyngs to you for this pur office that I ber of Coldyghame,
that I mycht haff hade it for terme of lyve, swa that I had
nocht spendit my youchede in your service, & syne be reqwest
& menys of uthir lordchep be put thar fra in myne age, consi_derand
qwat labour and travale I haff had for ou and for our
place in tym begane, nocht ganestanding e know qwhat debatis
and striffis is lyk to ryss in our land, the qwilk is abill to wast
our place, and it be nocht defendit w=t= fors and wysdome, baythe
as our brether knawis that ar her, for thar is mony in the land,
baith temporal lords and kirmen, contrary to our place, and
tharfor e mone haff me excusit that I will not tak on me till
aungyr baythe my kyn and my frends in the defens of it w=t= out
at I be sekyr of the office for terme of lyve, and our entent her
apon that e will wechsauff to certyffy me in wryt, be pais next
to cum, and at e wald schaw this to our brether of the cha_pytar,
and be avisit with thaim. and alsua at e wald gyff
ferme credence to our sallirar of it at he sall schaw to you be_langyne
me, for I haff chargit hym with myne entent forthir than
I haff put in wryt: e reverend fader in Crist our reverend
faderhede y=e= Haly Gast haff ay in graciouse governaunce.
                      Yours in al thyng
                                David de Hume de Wederburn.



|17.__Letter_from_Sir_David_Home_(1442),
|The_Priory_of_Coldingham,_pp._140-142
|[Ex_Orig._Loc._25.]


   This is the creddens made to my lord the priour of Durame
and the cowent anent Aldcambos. Qwhar it is said that the
Priour of Coldynhgame, the qwilk Gode assollhe, walde nocht
assent to the said chang of that accione, thir ewydents beris
witness, & therto I rafer you, and awssa to dan Johne Penscher
that had the thaiths of the said priour of Coldynhame, and
to the Priour and the cowent of Durame. And awssa I am
enformit be ane of law and reputacion of this land that qwhar
condiscionis is made and endentyd befor notabill witnes aws
wil unsellit as sellit, the convencion sall be kepit of
baycht the partis aws well as thai war selit and entyrchangit
wycht ther awne hands. And suppose the ewydents war undon,
or frawdfully away haldyn, the witnes beand of life sall ber
all the effec of the said ewydents, so that the condiscion sal be
hall in the slese aftyr as thai war acordit. And as twechand
the convencion of Ald cambos I sal not forga it and condiscion
be kepit at the lest, the qwhilk I thynk not to ga fra qwhill I
hafe browcht it tyl enend, qwha sa ever trast the contrar. And
alswa, as to the Priour of Coldynghame and the gowernanc of
the place and the fredom therof, sen the said Priour and I com
fra Durame he wald never be gowernit be my counsell in na
matter, na be my ordinanc, bot as S=r= Alexand Hom wald
enforme hyme. And sen Sr Alexand Hom was at discussion
with me the said Priour has don als his besines, as I am enformit,
to forthir the said Sr Alexander to his purpos in contrar of me
and nt lukand to the awale na the fredom of the hows na to
my lawte as I am bown, the qwilk lawte I sal kep for ony perall
that may aper, God willande, as I sal answer and mak knawn
to the hows & to you. And for to forthir the said S=r= Alexandre


the said Prior has put the hows in peral, as is weill kend, to
the cuntre, & for this caws I seand the perall aper, I have
takyn the strencht of the hows in gowernanc, becaws I knew
wile that the said Sr Alexander wald haf takyne it, and throwe
it wald hafe suppleit thaim of Downfirmyllyng, or any other
that wald best applie to hys gowernance; and this may well be
trowitt be this caws fer I profferit to our frends to be lefit in
the samyn plit as I fand it, so that he wald fynd surtre that it
sulde be unkepit threw hym or ony that til hym pertenyt, and
this he has refwssit, the qwilke I am bown to raquer my said
lord the Priour and the cowent of Duram that the said Priour
of Coldyngham his langag na wrytting be na hendering to me
na to my matres, qwill he and I apper in propyr persons befor
the chapatur and al the brether that best kanwis my gowern_ment
, the qwilk apperans sal not be lang to wt myne assent, w=t=
the grace of God. And on this Sonday in sklandyng of
me he passit to Sant Ebbis, and gert his brether and the parys_prest
pas witht hym, and wald lat na mese be said na ser_vice
done to the parishyne withing the kyrk of Coldyngham,
and I was not content therof & com to Coldyngham the sam
Sonday, lat at evyne, and spak sumqwhatt with dene John
Pencher for a pair of evidences that was in makyng betuex the
said Priour & Sr Alexandr of Hum of xv yher tak of Alcombos;
and I baid hym say to the Priour and he fulfillit thai evidentis
thar suld never be frendchip bewex us, qwill I war lefande, for
it is to me and myn herytaig and malyng, as I sal makit
knawyn. And he send the substance of his harnes befor hym
to Berwic, and thocht to pas thetir. And because of this
langaig he hastit hym the souner, and passit on the nycht,
foroute lef takyng, and tuk all his brethir wyth hym that was
in Coldyngham. And quar it was said to yhou that I pourpost
me to bige a tour in Aldcambos, and had laid stanis on the
grounde, it is not sua, for trewly I na my son was never pour_post
theron, bot thai that made that lagang first, it was for
fourtheryng of thaim self and hyndryng of me. Quharfor I
requer yhour lordschipp that yhe wald wyth the berer in hast
wryt to the Priour of Coldyngham that he mad na sectyng
of the said Aldcambos, qwill he and I com_perit
before yhou in propir personis; soe and he mak ony
setting of the said place I sal somonde hym befor the kyng or
his justice or his scherif, quilk plessis me besst, and be the lawe of
this lande compell hym to fulfill baith the tak and chang of the
said place that was delyverit til hym to be gevyn to me & my
sone, and as we wer accordit baith befor Inglis and Scotts
that sal ber witness therto. And of all thir materis, quhat tym


that I & my sone commys to yhour lordschipp, we will be mar
rewlit be yhou & yhout chapiter than be ony that leffs, for we
haf ever ben mekil behaldyn therto. And of ony discorde that
is betuix the Priour of Coldyngham and his brethir that ther is
and me I sal be ful laicht that it be hard ... ... quhill
I cum to yhour presens, sa that he gef na tak til S=r= Alex of
Aldcambos; and gif he dois, I requer yhour lordschip to hald
me excusit to mak sic present to me as affor. Item I
proferrit the said Priour til hald his curt and sett his land at his
awin will and therby haf fewte of his tenannts, and as yhit I can not
redos hym tharto, and quhen er hym list ther sal never be na
falt in me.

                                           s.d.



|18.__Litera_Directa_Domino_de_Hales_(1441),
|The_Priory_of_Coldingham,_pp._121/22.
|[Reg._II._parv._fol._146.]

   Right honorabill and wirshipfull lord, I commend me to your
lordshipp, thankand yowe of the good grace tendirnese eese
supportacion and hertly affeccion whilke yhe haff doon, and
doose dayly, till all my brether and our celle of Coldyngham,
besekyng yow evermore of our graciouse continuance. And
as touchand the bailery of coldingham, for the whilk your
lordshipp nowe late wrate to me fore, lik hitt your said lord_shipp
to undirstand thatt diverse of my brethere thatt has duellid
att Coldingham has lattyn me weete that Sir Davy Home has
hadd grett labour and diseese, and oftymes has been in grett
parell and doute of his life, for the fortherannce and the rightes
of our celle of Coldingham; for the whilke gentilnesse and
kyndnesse will that I and my brether be more favorabill till
hym, and tharfor we haff grannt hym the office of the said
bailery for certeyn yhere, undir certeyn condiciones. And,
as your lordship wele knawes, Sir Alexander Home is mykill
better endouid and gretter of lyveloode than is Sir Davy, and
the office of the bailyery of Coldingham is grett help to the
said Sir Davy, and tharfor to take hitt fro him hitt warr to hym


grett hinderannce. Neverthelesse, if hitt like to your said
lordshipp, as to yowe the whilke is most worthy of thayre
kyn, to trete betwen thaym, that if Sir Davy will wyth full hertt
and wyll discharge hym selfe, and delyvere to me or to the
Prior of Coldingham the common seall, and also my seall, the
whilke he has of the graunt of the said bailyery, I can wele
agree for your sake and your request to grannt the said office
of the bailyery to Sir Alexander Home, for certeyn yheres, like
as hitt has been granntid afortym. And Gode and his blessid
modre and oare haly patron seynt Cuthbert evermoore haff
yowe in thaire haly kepyng. Writen at Durham, the xiii day
of Octobre.



|19.__Litera_Directa_Domino_de_Hales_(1441),
|The_Priory_of_Coldingham_to_Johannes,_Prior_of_Durham.
|[Reg._II._parv._fol._146_b.]
|The_Priory_of_Coldingham,_p._122

   Wirshipfull sir, I commend me to yowe, thankyng yow of
your goode supportacion shewid to your celle of Coldyngham,
besekand yow of your good continuance. And lik hitt yow to
weete that I haff receyvid your lettres, sennd to me by my bro_ther
John Penchere. And as touchand the office of the bailyery
of Coldingham, I am right sary thatt ony heavynesse or debate
suld be betwen yowe and your cosyn Sir Davy for hitt, for in
goode faith, and I warre nerhande yow, I wald labour wyth all
myn hertt both wyth my goode and my body to make goode
unite and pece between yowe. And yhe will, att the reverence
of Gode, considir howe thatt Gode has endouid yowe wyth
gretter lyveloode than is sir Davy, and if the fee of the Bailyery,
the whilke is a grett help to his liveloode, be takyn fro hym,
hitt ware to hym grett loose and hynderannce, and to yowe
litill encresse. Never the lesse, as I have wrytyn to the Lorde
of Hayles, who wrate to me for yowe for the office of the
bailyery aforsaid, if the said Sir Davy will of his awen fre will
surrendour his patente of the said office of the bailyery of Col_dyngham,
and delyvere thayme to me or to the Prior of Col_dyngham,
I can wele agree me to grannte yowe the said office
for certeyn yheres apon certeyn condicion. And God haff
yowe in his graciouse kepyng. Wrtyn att Durham, the xiiI
day of Octobre.



|20.__Litera_Directa_David_Home,
|The_Priory_of_Coldingham_to_Johannes,_Prior_of_Durham_(1441),
|The_Priory_of_Coldingham,_p._123.
|[Reg._II._parv._fol._147]

   Wirshipfull sir, I commend me to yowe, thankand yowe
hertly of your good supportacion and labour shewid till my
brether and oure celle of Coldingham, prayand yowe of your
good contynuance. And as touchande the office of the Bailyery
of Coldingham, lik hitt yow to undirstande that the lorde of
Hales has wrytyn to me fore Alexandre Home for the office of
the said bailyery, and also the said sir Alexander has writen to
me rehersyng a certeyn condicion made betwix yowe and hym
as touchand the said office, in whilke matere I haff wryten
both to the said lord of Hale and to sir Alexander on this
manere, that if yhe will discharge your selfe on your awen
fre will and surrendoure your patentys of your office to me or to
the prior of Coldyngham, I can well agre to grannt to sir
Alexandre the office of the bailyery of Coldingham for certeyn
yhere; noght gaynstandyng, I consele yowe be wele awisid or
yhe delyvere thaym for yowe, for hitt is noght, ne has been
my entent to disharge yowe of your office wythoutyn othere
cause than yhe haff gevyn or will giffe, as I suppoose; and thar
for putb no blame to me in tym commyng, for yhe shall haff no
cause. And God almyghty haff yowe in his kepyng. Writen
at Durham, the xiii day of Octobre.



|21.__Litera_Directa_David_Home,
|The_Priory_of_Coldingham_to_Johannes,_Prior_of_Durham_(1441),
|The_Priory_of_Coldingham,__pp._123/24.
|[Reg._II._parv._fol._148_b.]

   Right honorabill and worshipfull lorde, I comend me to your
lordship, thankand yow of the goode grace tendirnesse and
supportacion whilke yhe haff doon and dayly doose to oure
celle of Coldingham, besekyng you evermoor of your graciouse
continuance. And as touchand the office of the bailyery of
Coldyngham, to the whilke yhe desyre to be promote Sir Alex_ander
Home, your welbelovyd cosyn, lik itt your said lordshipp
to undirstande that before michaelmesse last past Sir Davy
Home was att Durham, to wham I and my brethere grannte


the office of the balyery of Coldingham for xl yheere, under
certeyn condicion, whe thatt tyme noght knawand na conande
ne pacte made betwixt Sir Alexander and Sir Davy. Never_thelesse
if the said Sir Davy Home will discharge hym selfe
and surrendour his lettres to me, or to the Priour of Coldyng_ham
I can well agree me for your sake and att your requeste
to grannte the said office of the said bailyery to sir Alexander
Home for xl yheere, upon certeyn condicon. And Gode and
his blessid modre and oure haly patron seynt Cuthbert ever_moore
haff you in thayre haly keepynge. Writen at Durham,
the xxiiii day of Novembr.



|22.__Litera_Directa_David_Home,
|The_Priory_of_Coldingham_to_Johannes,_Prior_of_Durham_(1441),
|The_Priory_of_Coldingham,_p._124
|[Reg._II._parv._fol._148.]

   Right honorabill and worshipfull lord, I commend me to
you, thankand you of your graciouse supportacion doon to oure
celle of Coldingham, and to my brother John Oll, newly pre_sennt
to the said celle, besekand yowe of your goode conti_nuance
. And lyk itt you to remembre how att your request I
grannt the office of the bailyery of Coldingham to sir Alexan_der
Home for certeyn yhere, if so be Sir Davy wald surren_dour
his lettres of the said office to me or to the prior of Cold_ingham
, and now lateb the said sir Alexander present your
honorabill lettres to me as touchand the same matere. And as
I wratt to your lordshipp befor, so wrytt I yhitt, thatt I and
my brether att your especiall request will grannt to the said Sir
Alexander the office of the said bailyery for lx yheere, so thatt
sir Davy will surrendour his lettres, as I wrate to you afore.
And Gode and our lady haff yow evermoore in thayre gra_ciouse
kepyng. Wreten at Durham, the xxiiii day of Novem_bre.



|23.__Litera_Directa_Magistro_Roberto
                   |Rolston.
|The_Priory_of_Coldingham_to_Johannes,_Prior_of_Durham_(1444),
|The_Priory_of_Coldingham,_pp._153-54
|[Reg._II._parv._fol._188,_b.]

   Ryght wyrshipfull and reverent sir, I recommend me to yowe,
thankyng yowe as hertly as I can of the grette gentilness and
kyndnesse tendir loofe and effeccion that itt has likidd yowe
alwey to shewe to me; besekyng yow of good continuance.
and please it yow to wete that I and my brethere att this tyme
sennd a brothere of oure, the berer of this lettre, to the courte
of rome; for certeyn maters concernyng the ryghts libertee
and fredoms of the kyrke of Durham and the membres thereof;
and especyell of the priory of Coldyngham in Scottland, and
Lithum in Lancasshyre, as the berer of this has, if itt lyke
yowe, to shewe moore playnly in wrytyng. wherefoor I beseek
yowe, att the reverence of sent Cuthbert, who is your patron,
and whoose ryghte yhe are in maner bun to susteen and de_fennde
, thatt yhe will laboure to oure soverayn lorde the Kynge
for his gracious lettre to oure holy fadir the Pope for the good
speed and fortheryng of oure seyd maters aftir the forme con_savyde
by my moste wyrshypfull lorde cardinall of Yowrke, by
wham I and my brether are rewleydd and governanced in thys
cause, whylke forme the berer of thys lettre, yf itt please yowe,
sall delyver to you, to whom itt lyke Yowr reverence on my
behalfe gyff full faith and credence. And Gode Almighty
keppe you long in hegh whirshypp and easse of your hertte to


hyss pleasawnce. Wreton at Durham the viii day of Septembre.
                   Your awen at all hys power,
                                  John Priour of Duresme.



|24.__Thomas_Bekynton_(1442),
|The_Priory_of_Coldingham,_pp._186-190.

Letter to the king.

Littera ambasiatorum regi de statu Acquitani. In Anglicis.

         Moost high and moost mighty Prince
         and oure moost doubted and dradde
         Souverain Lord; After the moost lowly
         recommendacion that we your true hum_ble
subgetts and servaunts may or can in any maner
unto your roial mageste doo or devise, please hit your
said roial mageste to have in knowlage that we your


said subgetts and servaunts with all our felaship in
good helth of body, blessed be God, cam and arrived
to this your noble cite of Burdeaux on Monday the
xvj. day of Juil, where at oure first commyng we
founde as sorowful a town and as gretly dismayed and
discoraged as any might be in th'erth, as poeuple
desolat and cast out of al comfort of any socour to be
had from your said mageste ayeinst your ennemies
that ben in this countrey in grete puissaunce; and
after deliverance made unto them of the town of
Tarteys have geten by assaulte the town of Saint
Severs; and also have wonne and subdued al the
cuntrey of the landes except Baion and Ax. So that
al that cuntrey was waxen almoost rebelle within viij.
dayes, as wel barons as gentils and other. And nowe
your said ennemies ben before the said cite of Ax,
holding their siege there rounde about hit in grete
multitude of men of armes; and another party of
their puissaunce under the Lord Powns and other
have laid siege to Sursak, which is but a day and a
half journey from this your cite of Burdeaux, as men
seyn here. And as tidings ben commen late from
your towne of Baion your ennemies purposen to make
iiij. bastilles aboute the said towne of Ax and stuff
theryin with iij. or iiij. m. men of armes; and the
remanent wol departe and besiege your said town
of Baion; and so they enforce theim selve in oo tyme
to gete both townes, and so streit to come down
hider and besiege this your towne of Burdeaulx.
Your adversaire of Fraunce and his son which calleth
him selve dolphin, have been and beeth in propre per_sonne
on the feld in all this voyage. Not oonly thees
grete entreprisses and the mighty puissaunce of your
said ennemies caused th'abaisshment of your triwe
pouple of this your cite of Burdeaux, but more with_oute
comparison the lettres whiche were sent from your
highnesse under your prive seel and born hider


by oon that calleth hymselveFraunceys, whoos name in
dede Juon Goer, and delivered to divers estats here
the Sonday before our arrival, in the which Sonday
the said Frauncois and othere were sette on lande at
Castellion, and from thens rood by lande unto Bur_deaulx,
before our commyng, had reported and noysed
thorugh the cite that they sholde no succours have;
and, as theym semed, the letters meaned the same:
so that at our commyng the cite was ful of rumour
and of sorowe, and had noon other trust, beleve, nor
conceipt, but that they were abandonned and cast
awey for evere. But blessed be God which as we
beleve verrely in a good houre sent us hider for your
wele, Souveraine Lord, and of your countrey here, by
our commyng and arriveng al your cite was gretly
recomforted, and in especial by the comfortable re_porte
of your succours to be had in haste, which to
their grettest joye and gladnesse we shewed and de_clared
unto theym, after the forme of your gracious
lettres yeven under your signet of th'egle at your
castel of Windesore the xxiij. day of Juyn, and sent
unto us at Plymmouthe; the whiche your lettres we
shewed openly and radde theym before al your Counsel
and other estats here the Tuesday next foloweng;
and after their desire we dede theym to be translated
in to Frenish and delivered theym to the moost
Reverend Fader in God th'archbisshop of this cite,
which, the Wednesday next foloweng, making right a
good and a right sturing collacion in his cathedral
chirch radde and declared the said lettres so translated
openly in the pulpitte before al the pouple, rehersshing
the good and tendre zele that ye have to the con_servacion
and the wele of this your cite, and of all
your true subjetts in thees parties, and putting
theym oute of doubte of souccurs to be had in right brief
tyme; exciting theym furthermore and exhorting by
the feith and liegeaunce that they owe to your high_nesse


to do al their payne,labor, and true diligence
aboute the defence and sauf garde of your cite on
the meane tyme; and so in trouthe they have doon,
and do dayly in the best wise; and have fortified the
said cite with bulwerks, gunnes, engynes, and al other
necessaire abiliments in the strengest wise; and also
skured and pared the diches, and made their towne
in al parties so redy and so mighty that in our con_ceipt
they be grete and notable thanke worthy. And
for sothe, Souverain Lord, we have not cessed nor
cesse dayly to yeve theym comfort and courage, offer_ing
oureselve and our pour company to be redy at
al tymes to helpe theym and strength theym in as
muche as in us is, for the defense and saveng of the
cite, abiding here with theym stille: for as yet we
can not conceive that we shall mowe, hanging this
werre wel passe any ferther, after the nature and
qualite of our message. Wherefore, moost gracious
and moost Cristian Prince, we besech your high and
noble grace that ye wol open your ighes of pite
and compassion upon your true subgetts here, which
as nowe lyven in grete dred, and withoute that help
be had the rather been lyke to perisshe; and that
ye wol also calle unto your consideracion how this
your Duchie of Guienne is oon th'oldest lordship
longing to your coroune of Englande; and thereupon
of your moost merciful and pituous grace, commaunde
and do suche diligence be had that your succours be
sent in hasty tyme after the forme of your said
lettres, so that by negligence or delaies it comme not
to late, and inconvenients irrecuperable be growen the
meene tyme, which God defende; in suche wise also
that we be founde no gabbers in executing your com_maundement
and declaring your lettres. Also, Souve_rain
Lord, in taking of Saint Severs, Sir Thomas
Rempston your seneschal is taken prisoner and, as it
is said, the seel which he had and occupied under my


Lord of Huntingdon is taken also, whereof we advise
your highnesse to th'entent that yf your ennemies
wol forge or contrive any writing under the said seel
no credence be yeven thereunto. Maister John de
Batute departed hens on Saturday at noen towards
his cuntrey. Furthermore, Souverain Lord, before the
closing of thees, tidings of trouthe ben sent hider that
the town of Sursak, longing to the Baron of Gomonde,
upon the ryver of Durdon, is taken by a party of
your adversaires puissance, which is under the gouver_naunce
of the Lord Powns and other; and they nowe
have leyd siege to the town of Bellinder upon the
same ryver, longing to the Archbishop of Burdeaux,
which commeth nowe to your highnesse; and so they
purpose to subdue al the fforteresses in that party of
the said ryver, and passe into your cuntrey of Deux_mars
and to wynne hit, the siege being at Burdeaux;
for as for the cuntreys of Xantonge and of Madok
they make noon doubt with oon over ryding soon to
gete hit. Moost high and moost mighty Prince and
our moost doubted Souveraine Lord, we beseche oure
blessed Trinite ever to have you in His gracious
keping and gouvurnaunce, and to sende you as grete
prosperite as ever had erthly Prince, and send you
victory of al your ennemies. Writen at Burdeaux in
hast the xxiiij. day of Juyl.
                 Your most humble subgetts and
             servaunts Roos R. and Thomas Bekinton.
To ye King.



|25.__Thomas_Bekynton_(1442b),_pp._196/97.

In Anglicis. Litera missa secrete per ambassiatores.

        Please hit your highnesse to wete the
      tidings of this countrey; that on Fryday
      the third day of August, the cite of Ax,
      which is holden the strengest of all
Guienne, was wonne, and your adversarie was in hit;
and his son called the Dolphin with the Conestable
and Marschall of France forth with have leyd siege
unto your cite of Baion, which as they seith maketh
theim sure to have hit within viij. dayes; and from thens
streight to comme to Bourdeaux, wher, as God knoweth,
is division and never was so litel help nor store of
Englissh pouple, the lak of whom is cause of losse of al
this cuntrey; as we doubt not on lesse that succour be
had withoute any delaie all is goon. This we write
unto you for our last and true acquitaille; God send
grace that ye son and hastly sende hither som comfort and
succours to revieve the herts of the pouple that been here,
the which seeng that the promise of your lettres, which
ye sent unto us unto Plymouthe and we by your com_maundement
opene hit unto theym, is not fulfilled, been
plainly dispaired; and for the wele of you and of this
your cuntrey, trust noon other worde nor writing, for


by our liegance this is trouthe. Writen at Burdeuax,
the ix. day of August. Th'entent principal of al this
is to lette the fruit of our message.
                     Roos R., T. Bekinton.



|26.__Thomas_Bekynton_(1442),_pp._212-215.

In Anglicis litera Regi per Ambassiatores missa
de misero statu Acquitanni.

         Moost Christian and moost gracious Prince,
       oure moost dred Souverain Lord: After our
       moost humble recommendacion, please hit
       your high and noble grace, as for tidings
       from this your cuntrey of Guienne, to
wete, that after your adversary of France had taken


your town of Saint Sever and your cite of Ax,
and putt under his obeissaunce the cuntrey of the
Lawndes, he drew hym down towards this your cite
of Burdeaux, by the ryver of Garon, where in right
brief tyme he hath geten and taken the townes and
castles and forteresses whoos names be specified in
the cedule her enclosed. And after that he had the
towne of Marmande, he abode there with right litel
puissance iij. weks and more; so that by all lyklyhode
yf any stuf or pouaire of Englissh pouple had be
here, he might never have had escaped by reason
untaken. And sithens he hath of newe encrested his
armee, and after that sieged and taken your town
and castel of Mavesyn, and upon that the iij. day of
this present moneth he leied siege to your town and
castel of Rieul, which is but vij. leucks from this
your cite of Burd', the whiche town he gate with a saulte
the viij. day of this same moneth, and slewe therin
muche pouple. Nevertheles the castel holdeth as yet,
and within hit for lak of other help there ben of our
felawship al such as we might spare: God send hem
comfort and more help be tyme. After this he pur_poseth,
as mey seym, to besiege the townes of Saint
Makery, Cadiliac, and Rious; and he holdeth hym
sure to get theym al by sault in right brief tyme,
and than all is Frenissh, and by the said ryver unto
the yatis of this your cite. Also please it your roial Ma_geste
furthermore to knowe that after that your said
cite of Ax and your town of Saint Sever were nowe
late reduct to your obeissance, as we suppose ye have
wel had in knowlage by such passagis as have comme
fro your towne of Bayon, for as from hens sithen the
departing of th'archbisshop of Burdeux went never
passage; nor unto this tyme was no maner of navir
for to passe inne. Your said adversarie hath com_maunded
th'erl of Fux to leye newe siege to yowr
said town and cite of Saint Sever and Ax. The which


Erl, as is do us to understande by lettres sent hider
for succurs from the said town of Saint Sever, hath
disposed hit to besiege hit; and as we trowe he hath
leied the siege before this. And here may be had no
comfort of succours to helpe theym with, for we have
not wherewith to help our selve, the which causeth
grete hevynesse, desolacion, and sorowe amongis al your
pouple here, seing that after promisse of succours de_clared
unto theym by your commaundement is passed
so longe a tyme and no comfort commeth, not so
much in al this tyme as oon balanger to revive their
herts, and putt theym in good trust and hope of
comfort. Truly in conceipt of your true men here a
lytel nombre of good men sent hider by tyme as hit
was promissed mought have kept your cuntrey from
this grete hurt; which xx=m=. li. wol not nowe by many
dayes lightly recovere; and yet furthermore, yf your
merchaunts had be souffred to passe hider for the
vintaige in suche tyme as they have be accustumed
in yers before, doubtles your ennemies wold not have
abiden to do this grete harme that they have doon and
dayly doth. God send us hasty tidings for comfort of
your pouple here, which in trouth, as in our opinion,
stode never so dismaied before this tyme. By thees
tidings, moost gracious souverain lord, ye may clierly
understande howe the weyes of our message been em_peched
and forbarred; and as Maister John de Batute
hath writen unto us, your said adversary by no man_ner
of meen may be induced to graunte us his lettres
of saufcondeuct; and so hit is not seyn unto us pos_sible
as yet in any maner of wise to passe upward in
surte of our personnes. Wherefore please hit your high
and noble grace to late us have knowlage of your
gracious pleasir in this behalve, and howe ye wol we
shal be furthermore gouverned and demeaned. Over
this at the request of your counseil here and for our
true acquittaile we avis as we dare your Highnesse,


for the wele of you and of this your cuntrey here, not
lightly to passe upon suche graunts of your demaynnes
or of other lands, rents, or revenues here, as peraventure
shall be axed of your said Highnesse, but that hit
please your Mageste t'abide the advisment of your said
counseille, which purposen by commune and mure de_liberacion
t'acertaine your said Mageste of such incon_venients
as by suche graunts have growen herbefore,
and in what wise they may for your wele be eschewed
hereafter. Moost blessed Souverain Lord, we have right
nowe received lettres from the Lord de Gramond, writen
at Ax the ixth day of this moneth, declaring that the
said towne of Saint Sever hath appointed with the said
Erl to be Frenish on lesse than they be reskued within
a moneth. Please hit furthermore your Highnesse to
knowe that Sir Robert Clyfton, Knight, late your cone_stable
of your castel of Burd', is to God passed the iij.
day of this moneth; so hit is right expedient for your
wele in hasty tyme to purveye an other souffisant
officer in that behalve. Most Christian, etc. Writen
at Burd', the xviij. day of October.
                                      Roos R.
                                      T. B.
To the King our Souverain Lord.



|27.__Thomas_Bekynton_to_Edmund,_Duke_of_Somerset_(1447),
|Official_Correspondence_of_Thomas_Bekynton.
|pp._340-342.

|Soon_after_April_18,_1447._Woky.

To the right excellent, myghty and gracious good
   lord The Duke of Somerseth.

   Right excellent and myghty Lord. After due and
humble recomendacion please it your noble lordship to
have a knowlache that amongs al other thyngis that
haue be shewed and opened vnto me sithence my
comyng in to my cur her to be reformed and corrected,
oon the grettest and most greuous of open disobey_saunce
and rebellion agenst God and the jurisdiction
of the Cherche hath be made vnto me wyth grett cry
and sorowful compleynt agenst certyn tenants of yours
at Shirborne and other inhabityng your towne of Lang_port,
whiche as men lawless, neither dredyng God nor
liuyng after the lawes of holy Cherche, whythout any
prest or clerc presume to do sacraments of the cherche,
as in berying the dede, and wol not suffre their curate
whiche vnder God and mee hath cur of their sowles, to
do diuine seruice nor to ministre vnto theym any of
the sacraments of the Cherche, nor noon of my ministres
or officers to do eny correction of their trespasses in
saluacion of their sowles. They beten also and vexen
the pour people dwellyng ther about, as wel my ser_uants
as other, that in places wher they ben ther dar
noon of theym come for fere of losyng of their lyues.
Many other offenses and dampnable dedes they vsen


and doon that greuous and sorowful is to here. My
Lord, it is seid that all thys they doon vnder bold_nesse
of you and your myghti lordship, howbeit that
I verrely trow and suppose that, and ye had vnder_standyng
and knowlache of this their misgouernaunce
and synful and obstinate lyuyng, ye wold -- as a trewe
knyght to God and holy Cherche, as wel for your
owne duete and trewe acquytail, that as Godys knyght
ye owe to hym and to hys cherche, as for the merite
of your sowle in chastysyng of suche synful lyuyng and
rebellion agenst the cherche, to whos defense the swerde
is delyuered vnto yow - wilne exhorte and stur al tho
to whom sholde longe the preuencion and redresse in
that behalue, to do and execute thes same truly, dili_gently
and godly, as their duete is, their office and
their power; yeving in it, if nede wer, your myghty
assistence and eyde, as Godys lawe and holy cherches
also requireth and commandeth. Truly, my lord, eny
trewe Crystyn prince may wel vnderstande that wher
as trywe obeisaunce is suffred to be wyth drawen from
God and hys cherche, it must sone after, by Goddys
ryghtful dome and punysshement, be withdrawen from
man that suffreth and helpeth it to be doon. Wher_for
after thys greuous compleynt, as is before seid, maed
vnto me, I, your preest and bedman, before that I wolde
in any wise procede to any correction, as I am beidde
vnder pyn of dampnacion to do, have be delibered in
myself to lete your noble lordship haue wetyng therof,
to the intent that it may not by reason be demed or
supposed that any wil shold passe vertu or hedynesse
offende the vertu of humilite or patience, and also to
thentente that I may haue hereinne sum maner vnder_standyng
and felyng of your blessed disposicion, wherof
I lowly beseche yow, and as fer as I may in Goddys
behalfe require yow, in sum wyse to be consorted and
acerteyned by the berer of thys my symple sorowe. My
right excellent and myghti lord, I beseche Almyghti


God to have yow euer in hys kepyng, and send yow
good lyue and long. Wreten at Woky, the xviij=the=
day of April.



|28.__John_Shillingford_to_his_fellows_at_Exeter_(1447),
|Letters_and_Papers_of_John_Shillingford,_pp._3-4.
|[Draft_Letter.]

   Worthy sires y grete yow well alle; doyng yow to understonde
that y rode fro Excetre on Fryday and cam to London on Tywys_day
by tyme at vii atte cloke; and ther sithenys have full bisily
labored to make an answere to the articulys. The cause of so longe
taryng
yn makyng of the answers hath be for right grete bysynes y=t=
Alisaunder Hody hath hadde aboute his awne maters; netheles by
the avys of Alisauder Hody and Dowrisshe and Roger Rawly,
[they] beth made as may be yn so shorte tyme, trustyng to God
that al the substance ys comprehended ther ynne, so that what tyme


hit is amended, corected and made by avys of counseyll to be right
well; of the whiche answeris so shortely made y sende to yow ij.
 copies, oon to be send to the Recorder yn hast yf hit may be for
shortenys of tyme, &c., that other copy to abide w=t= yow, prayng
yow Thomas Cook most specially w=t= the lutenaunt, callyng to yow
William Noble, Coteler, Druell, and other wham ye seme is to be
don, and that this answer be sadly over seyn; and yf eny thyng be
ther yn to myche or to litell yn substance to sette the penne to
sadly. This don y pray yow to calle be fore yow atte halle the
substance of the comminalte, praynge every of tham yn my name
and chargyng tham yn e most streytest wyse yn the Kynges
byhalf to come to fore yow yn haste for the tydyngs that y have
sent home to yow; and that ye wysely declare to fore tham these
answers; so that they sey manly yee and nay yn suche poyntes as
yow thynke to be don, &c. and =t= ey wyll abide by =e= answers
yn all wyse, and that labo=r= and spekyng be before to that entent. This
don y pray yow that y have a gode man sende to me yn hast.



|29.__John_Shillingford_to_his_fellows_(1447b),_pp._4-8.
|[Draft_Letter.]
|London,_Oct._30th,_1447.

   Memo=d= that on Monedey next before the feste of Seynt Luke
the yere of the regne of the kyng that now is xxvj (Henry VI.)


Richard Druell, William Speere and Henry Dobyn w=t= ham rode
oute of Exceter to London-ward for nedes of the cite, that is to seye
to kepe the dey of apparence atte xv. of Seynt Michall as the cite
was bounde to, as hit appereth by a bounde conycionell, havyng
w=t= ham sufficiant power and the comyn seell and xl s. of John Shil_lingford,
Mayer, and xx s. of John Germyn, for their coustages;
and so departed the seyde Monedey yerly. And as tochyng the
seyde xls w=t= xls more that the seyde John Mayer payed to Trevy_lian,
he was payed ayen by the feloship of the collecte mony to the
plee, &c. How the seyde Richard Druell and William Speere
spedde when they came to London hit appereth yn a sedule by the
sayde Richard Druell and William Speer therof made, remaynyng
w=t= the [seyde] Rychard Druell. Forthermore as tochyng the goynge
of the seyde John Shillyngforde, mayer, he was all redy for to ride
the seyde Monedey: varians y moved bytwene hym and the seyde
Richard Druell, nerthelez better accorde, hadde by mene of Tho_mas
Cook, Richard Druell wt other held his wey, and the seyde
mayer abode at home yn to a tuysday next after Seynt Luke is dey
for settyng of the kynges dyme, comyng of Trevylian, and other
grete maters toching the cite, and yn especiall to have the feloship
togeder, a sadde communicacion to be had or his departyng, the
whiche communication myght not be had before Saterdey next after
Seynt Luke is dey for this cause that the grete part of the feloship
was at Calston is fayre, and thoo that war at home, as Upton, Cote_ler
and Pope, were syke on theire beddes; and for all these causes
the mayer abode at home so longe, and all that tyme he kepte his
iij hors yn stabill every dey redy to ride to hym grete coste. The
tuysday he rode and w=t= hym William Hampton and John Fagot.
On Wendysdey at nyght they came to Sheftesbery and there mette
w=t= Richard Druell, whiche made reporte of his gode spede and grete
laboure at London, as hit appereth yn his sayde remembrance, and
that on the beste wyse. The Saterdey next ther after the mayer


came to westminster sone apon ix atte belle, and there mette w=t=
my lorde Chaunceller atte brode dore a litell fro the steire fote
comyng fro the Sterre chamber, y yn the courte and by the dore
knelyng and salutyng hym yn the moste godely wyse that y cowde
and recommended yn to his Gode and gracious lordship my feloship
and all the comminalte, his awne peeple and bedmen of the Cite of
Exceter. He seyde to the mayer ij tymes "Well come," and the
iij=de= tyme "Right well come Mayer" and helde the mayer a grete
while faste by the honde, and so went forth to his barge and w=t= hym
grete presse, lordis and other, &c and yn especiall the tresorer of
the kynges housholde, w=t= wham he was at right grete pryvy com_municacion.
And therfor y, mayer, drowe me apart, and mette w=t=
hym at his goyng yn to his barge, and ther toke my leve of hym,
seyyng these wordis, "My lord, y wolle awayte apon youre gode
lordship and youre better leyser at another tyme." He seyde to me
ayen, "Mayer, y pray yow hertely that ye do so, and that ye speke
w=t= the Chief Justyse and what tyme that ever he will y woll be all
redy." And thus departed, &c. The Soneday abowte viij atte
clokke y came to Lambeth, and w=t= me Dowrissh and Speere to myte
and speke w=t= my seyd lord. We mette and spake w=t= hym yn the
ynner chamber, he at that tyme beyng right bysy goynge yn to his
closet. And w=t= right gode longage and gode chere yn godely wyse
exscused hym that he myght not speke w=t= ous atte that tyme for
grete bysynes, and comaunded ous to come ayen the morun. Y,
mayer, prayed hym of oo a worde at that tyme and no more, y seyyng
that y was enfourmed that he was dysplesed of my late comyng, and
yf he so were, y bysoghte hym to hire myne excuse grete. He
seyde, "Nay;" but that y was come yn right gode tyme and well
come, and at hys departyng yn to his closet he seide, "Mayer, wolde
God ye hadde made a gode ende at home." and y seide, "Wolde
God my lord that we so hadde, and God y take to recorde y have
done my due dilygent part therto, and that yn tyme y truste to God
ye shall well knowe; for y have right meny thyng to enfourme yow


of yf y hadde tyme." He seide, "Well, mayer," and bade me come
ayen that same dey afternone, and so departed, &c. Y was by the
Styward and meny other of the housholde full fayre y bede to abide
atte mete, ne never hadde better chere of my lorde ne of the hous_hold
then y hadde atte tyme. Netherlez y exscused me and wold
not abide as for tyme. And so went over the water to Temple to
Bluet, &c. and so went w=t= Bluet, Dowrissh, Speere and y to the
chief justice and comyned of meny thynges w=t= hym. He is like as
y conceve to have the grete rule yn this mater, for my lorde Chaun_celler
seide, as hit is aboveseid, that he wolde attende when the
justyse wolde, the whiche y seide to the justyse. The justyse
seyde he wold be aredy at his callyng. And as y conceve by
dyvers wordes that they have comyned of a rule yn this mater;
what ever hit be y can not wyte as yet. God eve grace hit be
gode, and so y truste to God that hit be. That afternone y went
ayen to Lambeth to my lord after his commaundement aboveseid and
when y come thider to hym yn his ynner chamber, there was
myche peeple, lordes  and other, my lord Tresorer, under Tresorer,
the pryvy seel, land dyvers abbottes and pryours, and meny strangers
aleyns of other londys. And then came yn the Duke of Bokyngham,
and ther was grete bysynes at that tyme, hardly all men were bede
to avoyde that chamber saaf the lordes. Nerhtelez y awayted my
tyme and put me yn presse and went right to my lorde Chaunceller
and seide, "My lorde y am come at youre commaundement, but y
se youre grete bysynesse is suche that ye may not attende." He
seide, "Noo, by his trauthe and that y myght right well se." Y seide
"Yee", and that y was sory and hadde pyty of his grete vexacion."
He seide "Mayer, y moste to morun ride by tyme to the Kyng, and
come ayen this wyke: ye most awayte apon my comyng, and then y
woll speke w=t= the justise and attende for yow, &c," Y seide, "My
lorde, y woll do after youre commaundement," and prayed hym of hys
gode and gracyous lordship of oo worde more, yf he were enfourmed


by worde or by wrytyng of eny thyng that y have do or seyde or
governed me yn eny wyse at home sithen the last terme my depart_yng
fro hym other wyse then to his plesure and after his com_maundement.
He seyde right hertly "Nay," but that y hadde
governed me at home yn the most best and godely wyse and therfor
he oowde me grete thanke, and seide hertely that y sholde have
Goddes blessyng and his therfor, &c. And so departed, &c.
   Nota that Druell and Speere is beyng afore dide gode, for they
dide theire part yn the most best wyse.



|30.__John_Shillingford_to Dowrish:_(1447),_pp._25/26.
|Exeter,_Wednesday,_Eve__of_St._Thomas_the_Apostle,_Dec._20,_1447.


   Right Worshipfull ser, y recommaunde me un to yow; doyng
yow to understonde that as touchyng the grete maters yn debate by
twene my lord the Bysshop of Excetre the Deane and the Chapiter
ther, and the Maier and Comminalte of the seide Cite, the whiche
maters at London this last term passed, by commaundement of the
lordis ys put yn rule as hit appereth by a letter the whiche y have
sende to William Hengston, wherof y sende to yow a copy; as well
as of dyvers other bullis of supplicacions by the seide Maier and


Comminalte y putte yn be fore the seide lordis. The whiche copies
all y pray yow avysely to over rede and well understonde after the
commaundement and rule aboveseide. And after the gode will,
prayer, fourme, effecte, desire, and entent of the seide Maier and
Comminalte comprehended yn the seide letter and bullis, to applie
your gode will and to do your tendre and diligent labour to helpe
to make a gode ende, and that all my feloship and y pray yow right
hertly. And yn especyall that ye be oon of thoo pryncipall en_differently
to entrete ther ynne that most gode may do ther yn, and
with yow Radeforde and Hengston, and so that William Beef be
oon with yow by your speciall meene to be brogh yn, for pleasur
and the better to ende the mater hardly with the grace of God. Ye
may constre moch thyng &c. bot this aboveseide thus don, y dowte
noght, bot truste to God verily to have a gode ende and pees with
the grace of God, whiche have yow ynh is kepyng. Amen. Writen
at Excetre on Wendisdey yn the vigill of Seynt Thomas the Apos_tell.

|Indorsed. A letter of advertysmentes.



|31.__John_Shillingford_(1447),_pp._29-31.
|Instructions_from_Shillingford_to_his_deputy._24_Dec.,_1447.

   After recommendacion had yn the most godely wyse, ye shall
seye to my lord that the Maier yeveth yow yn commaundement to
seye, that my lorde Chaunceller greteth hym well and sendeth hym
the letter, bysekyng hym of his gode lordship avisely to overse hit:
wherapon as ye suppose after the entent of the letter that ye most
speke myche more with him, also bysekyng him of his gode lordship


atte reverence of my lorde Chaunceller to yeve leyser and attend_ence
therto; seyyng also that hit is the Maier is part to have
come hym self with the letter and exscuse, &c, and then how dan_gerous
hit was to make eny worthy man to come to hym att tyme for
strange chere at Clist, &c, and that the Maier exscused hym ayenst
my seide lorde Chaunceller to brynge the letter, &c., and pro_mytted
to sende of the most worthiest as he hath, &c.
   Item, that ye commende my lorde Chaunceller yn the most beste
and trust wyse, and that hit is his commaundement and other
lordes, and longe tyme hath be, that we sholde entrete at home, the
whiche hath be the Maier is grete laboure the grete part of all this
yere, and myghte noght be excepted therto, and so he hath re_ported
before the lordes as well as the furst coming to hym to Clist
to seke his gode lordeship and pees for his exscuse: and yet the
Mayer and the cite now aswell as before this tyme by commaunde_ment
of the lordis and by their awne gode wyll prayeth and
desireth that the matter myght be disclosed before his gode lord_ship
, the Maier, the Recorder with other of the Cite at his pleser
being present, trustyng to God verely al for the best, and myche the
rather and the better to have a gode ende as lawe, reson, and right
gode conscience requyren, he to fele alle the maters, and so as ye
suppose to be his awne juge, and ende muche of the maters by his
awne conscience, we knawing his blessednysse and gode con_science
, and c. Forthermore, ye shall seye as for the Maier wher my
seyde lorde hath seide, and sende hym worde that he is not the man
that he wend that he had be, the which worde is to hym right
hevy, and seith that he shall fynde hym the same oo man and same
true man as he hath be, and so he trusteth to God he is take and
knawe among the lordes above; but thogh he and other labor for
the right of the Cite wt true menys as he hath do and none other_wise
as hit shalbe well proved, hit is no cause, &c, they beth sworn
therto as he is to the right of his benefice. make ye myche of this
matter and of the deme suying, and of the short chere at Cliste, and
the gode chere that the Maier had yn his closet, bryngyng Coteler


to his gode grace, y yet praying the same yf y may be herde, and
that ye desyre his gode leysur now, and but yf ye mowe now to
come to hym ayen.



|32.__Agnes_Paston_to_Edmond_Paston_I,_1445a,_(Paston_Letters,_pp._6-7).
|1445,_4_February.
|MS._Add._34888,_f._13.

Address: To Edmond Paston, of Clyffordis Inne in London, be
  this lettre take.

TO myn welbelovid sone. I grete yow wel, and avyse yow to
thynkke onis of the daie of yowre fadris counseyle to lerne the
lawe; for he seyde manie tymis that hosoever schuld dwelle at
Paston schulde have nede to conne defende hym selfe.
   The vikarie of Paston and yowre fadre, in Lenttyn laste was,
wher thorwe and acordidde, and doolis sette howe broode the
weye schuld ben, and nowe he hathe pullid uppe the doolis and
seithe he wolle makyn a dyche fro the cornere of his walle ryght
overe the weye to the newe diche of the grete cloose. And there
is a man in Truntche hyghht Palmere to, that hadde of yowre
fadre certein londe in Truntche over vii yere ore viii yere agoone
for corn, and trwli hathe paide all the eris; and now he hathe
suffrid the corne to ben withsette for viii s. of rentte to Gymmyng_ham,
wich yowre fadre paide nevere. Geffreie axid Palmere why


the rentte was notte axid in myn husbonddis tyme; and Palmere
seyde, for he was a grete man, and a wyse man of the lawe, and
that was the cawse men wolde not axe hym the rentte.
   I sendde yow not this lettre to make yow wery of Paston, for
I leve in hoope, and ye wolle lerne that they schulle be made
werye of here werke; for in good feyth I dare wel seyn it was
yowre fadris laste wille to have do ryghht wel to that plase, and
that can I schewe of good prefe, thowe men wolde seye naye.
   God make yow ryghht a good man, and sende Goddis blessyng
and myn. Wrettyn in haste at Norwich the Thorsdaie aftir
Candelmasse Daie.
                           By yowre modre, Angneis Paston.



|33.__Agnes_Paston_to_John_Paston_I_(1451),_pp._19-20.
|Perhaps_1451,_8_November.
|MS._Add._34888,_f._76.

Address: To John Paston, dwyllyng in the Tempyll at London,
  be this letter delyverid in haste.

I gret you well, and lete you wete that Warne Harman, on the
Sonday after Hallumes Day after ensong, seyd oponly in the cherch
erde that he wyst wyll that and the wall were pud doun, thou
he were an hondryd myle fro Paston he wyste well that I wolde
sey he ded yt, and he xuld bere the blame; seying, `Telle yte here
hoso wyll, thou it xuld coste me xx nobyllys it xall be pud doun


ayen.' And the seyd Warnys wyfe wyth a loude vosse seyd, `All
the devyllys of hell drawe here sowle to hell for the weye that
she hat mad.'
   And at evyn a sertyn man suppyd wyth me, and tolde me that
the patent grantyt to closse but a perch on bred, and that I had
clossyd more than the grant of the patent is, as men seyd. And
John Marchall tolde me that there was a thryfty woman come
forby the watteryng and fond the wey stoppyde and askyd hym
ho had stoppyd the weye; and he seyd they that had pore to yeve
it, and askyd here wat was freere than yyfte. And she seyd she
sey the day that Paston men wold not a sofferyd that.
   And God be wyth you. Wretyn at Paston on Monday after
Hallumys Day.
                           Be youre modyr, Annes Paston.



|34.__Agnes_Paston_to_John_Paston_I_(1451),_pp._20-21.
|Perhaps_1451,_21_November.
|MS._Add._34888,_f._71.


Address: To John Paston, dwellyng in the Tempyll at London, be
  thys lettere delyverd in hast.

I grete yow well, and lete yow wete that on the Sonday before
Sent Edmond, after evynsonge, Angnes Ball comm to me to my
closett and bad me good evyn, and Clement Spycere wyth hyr.
And I acsyd hym what he wold; and he askyd me why I had
stoppyd in the Kyngys wey. And I seyd to hym I stoppyd no
wey butt myn owyn, and askyd hym why he had sold my lond to
John Ball; and he sore he was nevyr acordyd wyth your fadyr.
And I told hym if hys fadyr had do as he dede, he wold a be
achamyd to a seyd as he seyd.
   And all that tyme Waryn Herman lenyd ovyr the parklos and
lystynd whatt we seyd, and seyd that the chaunge was a
rewly chaunge, for the towne was undo thereby and is the wersse by
an c li. And I told hym it was no curtese to medyll hym in
a mater butt if he were callyd to councell. And prowdly goyn
forthe wyth me in the cherche, he seyd the stoppyng of the wey
xulld coste me xx nobyllys, and yet it chuld downe ageyn. And


I lete hym wete he that putte it downe chull pay therefore. Also
he seyd that it was well don that I set men to werke to owle
money whyll I was here, butt in the ende I chall lese my coste.
Than he askyd me why I had awey hys hey at Walsam, seyng to
me he wold he had wyst it whan it was karyyd, and he chuld a
lettyd it; and I told hym it was myn owyn grownde, and for myn
owyn I wold holde it; and he bad me take iiii acre and goo no
ferthere. And thus churtly he departyd fro me in the cherche
yerde.
   Wretyn at Paston on the day aftere Sent Edmond.
                             Be yowyr modyr, Angnes Paston.



|35.__Agnes_Paston,_Memorandum_(1458),_p._23.
|1458,_28_January.
|MS._Add._43491,_f._3.


|Endorsement: Erandys to London of Angnes Paston the xxviii day
   of Jeniver the yere of Kyng Herry the Sext xxxvi.
TO prey Grenefeld to send me feythfully word by wrytyn who
Clement Paston hath do his devere in lernyng. And if he hathe
nought do well, nor wyll nought amend, prey hym that he wyll
trewly belassch hym tyl he wyll amend; and so ded the last
mayster, and the best that ever he had, att Caumbrege. And sey
Grenefeld that if he wyll take upon hym to brynge hym into
good rewyll and lernyng, that I may verily know he doth hys
devere, I wyll geve hym x marc for hys labore; for I had lever he
were fayr beryd than lost fore defaute.
   Item, to se who many gownys Clement hath; and tho that be
bare, late hem be reysyd. He hathe a chort grene gowne, and
a chort musterdevelerys gowne, were never reysyd and a chort
blew gowne that was reysyd, and mad of a syde gowne, whan I
was last at London; and a syde russet gowne, furryd wyth bevyr,
was mad this tyme ii yere; and a syde murry gowne was mad
this tyme twelmoneth.
   Item, to do make me vi sponys, of viii ounce of troy wyght,
well facyond and dubbyl gylt.
   And sey Elyzabet Paston that che must use hyr selfe to werke
redyly, as other jentylwomen don, and sumwhat to helpe hyr
selfe therwyth.
   Item, to pay the Lady Pole -- xxvi s. viii d. for hyr bord.
   And if Grenefeld have do wel hys devere to Clement, or wyll
do hys devere, yeffe hym the nobyll.



|36.__William,_Prior_of_Durham_1447_(The_Priory_of_Coldingham,_pp._160/61).
|Litera_missa_domino_Thom_Nessbitt_Priori_de_Coldingham.
|[Reg._III,_parv,_fol._18,_b.]


   Trusty and welbelovyd brother, I grete yow oftyme wele;
and I suppose itt be nott unknawen to yowe the goode, dili_gent,
rutefull, and notabill coste and labour made in the
courte of Rome for reduccion of patronage of our churche
within the diocesse of seynt Andrew in Scotlande by my bro_ther
dan John Oll, supprior, late Priour of Coldyngham, whilke
of lang tyme to rightt I grete hurtt and importabill likly to fall
to the said priory for dyverse consideracions has been oute of
our possission, for whilke our saide brother, noght gaynstan_dyng
grete labour and cost made in the courte of Rome, and
our evidence right pregnante and goode, as the composicion
made betwix the predecessors of the Bisshop of seynt An_drewe
 and us purporte and opynly shewe, culde no way goo
throgh with hym to have his goode lordshipp and will, or oure
said brother, your praedecessor, paide to him cl of Scotte
money, whilke soume he borowde of right notabill marchanntt
and seyntt Cuthbertt stedefaste and trew frennde, George of
Fullay, dwellyng in Edinburgh, and bounde hym and his suc_cessours
in oon obligacion to pay the saide George the forsaide
cl at seyntt John day baptiste, now late agoo, for whilke pay_ment
he lefte at Coldingham, beside the stuffe of the saide
place, to pay the forsaide soeme of ccc=ma=iiij=xx= yowe and xij
ky with the offal, and all maner of profetts commyng both of
the yowe and ky sen that tyme to now; whilke goode yhe
have tan to yow att this tyme, as it is saide. Therfor, I, con_sideryng
dewly the notabill cause and grounde how the said
money was borowde and spennde, for the gret wele of the said
place of Coldingham for evermoor, me semys goode reson and
accordyng the same place bere the charge, sen the waill and
profett bide therwith. Wherfor I pray yow effectually thatt
yhe dispoose yow in all goodly haste thankfully to pay and seith
the saide George of the cl. aforesaide, as right and reson will,
thatt my brother late your praedecessour trewth be keppide,
and that no disturbilannce fall to the place for the nownpay_ment
therof. And moor over, in supplement of the forsaide


soeme, it is my will and my brother afor reherside, that yhe
take the hende of the arrerage of his tyme thatt is unrayside
of dan Richard Wrake, whilke arrerage yhe have stoppide, as
it is saide, agayns right, and my brother aforesaide has
exhibitt & shewide to me a bill of notabill coste charge and expense
made by hym in the tyme he stode Prior thar, whilke is no
feende thyng, as he referys hym to his brether that was with
hyme, and hase knawlege therof, as he will proofe in tyme and
place requiryde in that party. And as for the dimission made
to the abbot of Melrosse of certeyne teende, I will the said
dimission be keppide to him like as the writyng purporte and
opinly shewe. And what yhe purposse to doo in this mater
yhe will certify me by your writyng in goode haste. And our
Lord preserve yow fro all adversitee. Writen at Durham the
firste day of July.



|37.__William,_Prior_of_Durham_(1451),_pp._170/71.
|Litera_domino_Williemlmo_Laxw_Capellano
|Londinii_commemoranti_directa.
[Reg_III._parv._fol._48,_b.]


   Right welbiloved frennde, I grete yow hertly wele, thankynge
you entierly for all your diligent labours and favours
doon and shewide to me and my brether afortyme; praying
you of your goode and effectuall contynuance. For as mykil
as I have written befor tyme to your cousin maistre John Laxe,
our procuratour in the courte, for our celle of Coldingham, in the
whilke mater I had no certayn knawledge what labour or
soott is maade agayns us, therfor I pray yow that yhe will write


tendirly to the said M. John Laxe, that he walde certifye me by
writynge how the matier is prosecut in the courte; and in the
mean tyme I sall provide for necessary costage and ex_pense
for the goode spede and fortherannce of the same, with
the grace of our Lorde, who have you, etc. Writen, etc. iiij
day of May.



|38.__William,_Prior_of_Durham_(1456),_pp._181/82.
|Litera_prioris_Dunelmensis.]
|Reg._III._parv,_fol._90.]


   Right wirshipfull and my full trusty and specielly beloved
sir, I recommende me to you in my full hertely wise, thankynge
you of all your good favour and supportt, trew luffe and stedefast
hartt, the whilke yhe have shewid of your gentilnesse to me
att all tyme; besekynge you, as my singuler trust is and has
been in you, of your goode and effectuell contynuance. Likett
you to wete that right late I resaved your gentill lettre and


writynge, wherein I consave and knawe perfitly your goode
hertt and tendre affeccion that yhe have to the wirship welfare
and fortherannce of seyntt Cuthbert monastery and myn awen
person; for the whilke, and all your othre good labours and
besynesse, I thanke you with all my hertt; besekynge you to
labour effectually, as yhe have writen to me, that my brethre
may be resaved and admytt to our place of Coldyngham; ther
for to be devote oratours and contynuell bedemen for the
wirshipfull estate and prosperitee of the excellent prince and
myghty kynge of Scotlande, the welfare and the wirshipp of
you and all your anncestres, and in moor especiell to pray for
the devote sawle of the noble progenitours of the kynge, the
whilke were gracieux foundere and speciell benefactours of
the said place, for whoos sawle we pray dewly, as we have
grete cause, and are gretly bun to doo. Consideryng that by
the absence of our brether in that place the suffrage and devo_cion,
that suld be offered to almyghty Gode for remedy and relesse of
payn, is lessened and mynnshett, grete parell and
conscience to all thaym that giffes cause or favour herin.
Wherfor, all these praemisse deuly weghid by your high wise_dom
& grete discreccion, I beseke you to do your diligent
labour to accomplyssh my desire and entennt in this behalve; wherof
yhe sall purchesse you singuler meade and grete rewarde of
Almyghty Gode; who have you in his most gracieux protec_cion
and savegarde, to your grete plesier and hertts ease lange to
endure. Writen at Durham, xxiij day of June.
               Your awen trewe frennde,
                    W. PRIOUR OF DURHAM.

   To the right wirshipfull and my full trusty and especiell
beloved sir Alexander Home knyght.



|39.__William,_Prior_of_Durham_(1456),_pp._182/83.
|Litera_prioris_Dunelmensis.]
|Reg._III._parv._fol._91,b.]

   Right wirshipfull and my full trusty and right specielly
beloved sire, I recommende me to you in my full hertly wise,
thankynge you of all your good favour and tendre supportt and
furtherannce shewid to me and to our place of Coldyngham


afortyme, praynge you, as my singuler trust hath been and
yhit is in you, of your effectuell contynuance in the same. And
for so mykill as dan Thomas Nessbitt, priour of Coldyngham,
is in grete agee and nown power, for sekenesse and mony othre
disease, that he may not perfitly rewle and governe the said
place as it were nedefull, and also for thies grete cause; desireth
of me and my brethre to be dischargett of his prioury, we con_syderynge
thies prmisse and his resonable desire, have grannt
to hym his peticion to come to Durham where he began his first
lyffe; and, by the assent of our brether, we have ordeynd
and prsentid to the said prioury dan John Pencher, your
bedeman and trew luffre, to whom I and my brether beseketh
you to shewe and doo effectually all your goode maistreshipp
favour and supportacion, that he may by your grete wisedom
counsell and helpp the souner be spede of the matiers that he
hath for to shewe and doo in this behalve. Also I pray you
be remembred of my last writynge sennt to you writen att Durham
xxiij day of June, wherein I praid you to labour besily that my
brethre may bee resaved and admytt to the said place ofCold_yngham
as hath been usett and accustumed afortyme, ther to
abide and bee devoute oratours and bedemen for the wirship_full
estate of the excellent prince and myghty kynge of Scott_land,
and for all the sawle of the noble progenitours gracieux
foundere and especiell benefactours of the said place. In all
thies matiers I pray you prove you a goode man to Seynt
Cuthbert, and a stedfaste frennde and luffer to us and all our
place; as we bere full trust and affiannce in you. And that
knaweth our Lorde Jesus, whom I beseke have you evere in
his most gracieux governance. Writen at Durham, the xv day of
July.



|40.__Margaret_Paston_to_John_Paston_I.
|1465,_8_April_(Paston_Letters,_pp._41/42).
|MS._Add._27444,_f._138.

Address: To my ryght worchepfull hosbond Jon Paston be this
deliveryd in hast.

   RIGHT worchepfull hosbond, I recommand me to you. Please
you to wet that I send you a copy of a deed that Jon Edmondys
of Taveram sent to me be the menys of Dorlet. He told Dorlet
that he had suche a deed as he supposyd that wold don ease in
prevyng of the tytyll that the Duk of Suffolk cleymythe in Dray_ton.
For the same deed that he sent me, the seale of armys is lyke
onto the copy that I send you, and noo thyng leke to the Duk of
Suffolkys auncesters....
    Item, Jon Russe sent me word that Barker and Herry Porter
told hym in councell that the Duk of Suffolk hathe bowght on
Brytyeff ryght, the wyche makythe a cleyme onto Heylysdon;
and the seyd Duke is proposyd to entere wythin shorte tyme after
Esterne; for in so moche the seyd Russe felte be the seyd Barker
and Porter that all the feffees wolle make a relees onto the Duk,
and help hym that they can into her power, for to have hys good
lorchep....
    Item, I understand be Jon Pampyng that ye wolle not that your
sone be take into your hows, nor holpe be you, tylle suche tyme
of yere as he was put owt therof, the wiche shalle be abowght
Seynt Thomas Messe. For Godys sake, ser, ab pety on hym, and
remembre yow it hathe be a long season syn he had owt of you
to helpe hym wyth, and he hathe obeyed hym to yow, and wolle
do at all tymis, and wolle do that he can or may to have your
good faderhood. And at the reverence of God, be ye hys good
fader and have a faderly hert to hym; and I hope he shall ever
knowe hym selff the better herafter, and be the more ware to
exchewe suche thyngys as shuld dysplease you, and for to take
hed at that shuld please you.
    Pecoke challe telle you be mothe of more thyngys than I may
write to you at this tyme. The blysyd Trinite have yow in hys


kepyng. Wretyn at Caster in has[t]e the Monday next after Palme
Sonday.
                             Your M. P.



|41._Margaret_Paston_to_John_Paston_I.
|(1465),_10_May
|MS._Add._27444,_f._141.
|pp._42-44.


Address: To my maystere John Paston, the oldest be thys delyveryd
   in hast.

RYGHT wyrshypfull husbond, I recomaund me unto you.
Pleyse you to wyte that on Wensday last passyd Dabeney,
Naunton, Wykys, and John Love werre at Drayton for to speke
wyth youre tenauntys there, to put hem in confort and for to aske
money of hem also. And Pyrs Waryn, otherwyse callyd Pyrs at
Sloth, whych ys a flykeryng felowe and a besy wyth Maystere
Phylyp and the bayly of Cosshay, he had a plowe goyng in youre
lond in Drayton; and there youre seyd servauntys at that tyme
toke hys plowe ware, that ys to say ii marys, and broght hem to
Haylysdon, and there they be yet. And on the next mornyng
aftere, Maystere Phylyp and the baylly of Cosshay com to Haylys_don
wyth a grete nombere of pepell, that ys to say viii men and
more in harnysse, and there toke from the parsouns plowe ii hors,
prise iiii marc, and ii hors of Thomas Stermyns plowe, prise xl s.,
sayng to hem that there was taken a playnt ayenst hem in the
hunderd by the seyd Pyrs for takyng of the forseyd plowarre at
Drayton, and but thay wold be bond to com of Drayton on
Tewysday next comyng to awnswere to such maters as shal be
sayd to them there, they shold not have there bestys ayen; whych
they refusyd to do onto the tyme that they had an awnswere
from you; and so they led the bestys forth to Drayton, and from
Drayton forth to Cosshay.
   And the same afterenon folwyng, the parson of Haylesdon send
hys man to Drayton wyth Stermyn for to speke with Maystere
Phylyp, to know a way yf they shuld have ayen there catell or
not; and Maystere Phylyp awnsweryd them, yf that they wold
bryng hom there destresse ayen that was taken of Pyrs Waryn,


that then he wold delyver hem thers, or els not. And he lete hem
playnly wyte that yf ye or any of youre servauntys toke any
dystresse in Drayton, that were but the valew of an hen, they wold
com to Haylesdon and take there the valew of an ox therefore,
and yf thay cannot take the valew therof there, that then they
wyll do breke youre tenauntys howsys in Haylesdon, and take as
moch as they cowd fynd therein; and yf they be lettyd therof--
wych shall never lye in youre powere for to do, for the Duck of
Suffolk ys abyll to kype dayly in hys hows more men then
Dabeney hadde herys in hys hede yf hym lyst ('and as for Dabe_ney,
he ys a lewde felow, and so he shal be servyd hereafter, and
I wold that he were hyre') - and therfore, he seyd, yf ye take
uppon you to lette them so for to do, that then they wold goo
into any lyflode that ye had in Norffolk or Suffolk and to take a
destresse in lyke wysse as they wold do at Haylysdon; and othere
awnswerre cowde they non gyte, and so they departyd....
   Item, I pray you send hastely word how that ye wyll that we
be gyded wyth thys place, for as it ys told me it ys lyke to stond
in as grete jupardy in hast as othere don. On Thursday al day
there were kypt in Draton logge into lx persons, and yet, as it ys
told me, there be wythin dayly and nyghtly into a xvi or xx
persons.
   Item, it ys told me that Thomas Elys of Norwych, whych
nowe ys chosyn mayere, seyd at drayton that yf my Lord of
Suffolk nede a c men he wold purvey hym therof, and yf any
men of the town wold go to Paston he wold do lay hem faste in
prison....
   Item, I have left John Paston the oldere at Castere to kype the place there, as Richard can tell you; for I had levere, and it pleasyd
you, to be captenesse here then at Castere. Yet I was nothyng pur_posyd
to abyde here when [I] com from Hom but for a day or ii;
but I shall abyde here tyll I here tydyngys from you....
   Item, my modere told me that she thynkyth ryght strange that
she may not have the profectys of Clyre ys place in peasabyll
wyse for you. She seyt it ys hers and she hath payd most ther_fore
yet, and she sayth she wyll have the profectys therof, or ells
she wyll make more folk to speke therof. She seyth she knowyt
not what ryght ne titell that ye have therin but yf ye luste to


trobell wyth herre, and that shold be no wyrshep to you; and she
sayth she wyl be there thys somer and repayre the housyng ther.
In gode feyth I hyre moch langage of the demenyng betwene you
and herre. I wold ryght fayn, and soo wold many moo of youre
frendys, that it were otherwyse bytwene you then it ys; and yf it
were I hope ye shold have the betere spyde in all othere maters.
   I pray God be youre gode spyde in all youre maters, and yef
you grace to have a gode conclusyon of hem in haste; for thys ys
to wyry a lyffe to abyde for you and all youre. Wryten in haste
at Haylysdon the x day of May. The cause that I send to you this
hastely ys to have an awnswere in haste from you.
                                   Yourys, M. P.



|42.__Margaret_Paston_to_John_Paston_I.
|1465,_12_July.
|MS._Add._34889,_f._30.
|pp._47/48

Address: To my ryght worschipfull husbond John Paston, in hast.

RYGHT worshypful husbond, I recomaund me to yow, preyeng
you hertyly that ye wyl seke a meen that yowre servauntys may
be in pees, for they be dayly in fere of there lyvys. The Duke of
Suffolkys men thretyn dayly Dawbeney, Wykys, and Richard
Calle that wheresoevere they may gete them they schold dye, and
affrayes have ben made on Rychard Calle thes weke so that he was
in gret jupperte at Norwych among them. And gret affrayes
have ben made uppon me and my felashep here on Monday last
passyd, of whych Rychard Calle tellyth me that he hath sent yow
word of in wryghtyng more pleynly that I may doo at thys tyme,
but I shal informe yow more pleynly heraftyre.
   I suppose there schal be gret labore ageyn yow and yowre ser_vauntys
at the assysis and cesciouns here, wherfore me semyth,
savyng yowre better advyce, it were wele do that ye shold speke,
wyth the justicys or they com here; and yf ye wol that I com_pleyn
to them or to any othere, if good fortune me lyfe and helth,
I wol do as ye advyse me to do, for in good feyth I have ben
symply intretyd among them. And what wyth syknesse and
troble that I have had, I am browte ryght lowe and weyke; but to
my powere I wyl do as I can or may in yowre materys.


   The Duk of Suffolk and bothe the Duchessys schal com to
Claxton thys day, as I am informyd, and thys next weke he schal
be at Cossey. Whethere he wol com ferthere hyddyrward ore not
I wot not yit. It is seyd that he schold com hyddyre, and yit hys
men seyd here on Monday that he cleymyd no tytyl to thys place.
They seyd there comyng was but to take owt such ryotus peple
as was here wythin thys place, and suche as were the Kyngys
felonys and indytyd and owtlawyd men; neverthelesse they wold
schew no warauntys wherby to take non such, thow ther had ben
suche here. I suppose if they myght have com in pesably they
wold have made another cawse of there comyng.
   Whan alle was doo and they scholde departe, Harlyston and
othere desyryd me that I schold com and se myn olde lady, and
sewe to my lorde, and if anythyng were amysse it schold be
amendyd. I seyd if I scholde sewe for any remedye that I scholde
sewe ferthere, and lete the Kynge and alle the lordys of thys londe
to have knowlech what hathe be don to us, if so were that the
deuk wolde maynten that hathe be don to us by hys servauntys,
if ye wolde geve me leve. I pray yow sende me worde if ye wyl
that I make any compleynt to the Duke or the Duchesse; for as
it is tolde me, they know not the pleynesse that hathe ben don in
such thyngys as hathe ben don in here namys.
I schold wryght muche more to yow but for lak of leysure....
The Trynyte have yow in kepyng. Wretyn the Fryday next after
Seynt Thomas.
                             By yowre M. P.



|43.__Margaret_Paston_(1465),_p._53/54.
1465, 27 September.
|[Unidentified_hand]
|MS._Add._27445,_f._8.

|[To_John_Paston_I]
|[No_address_or_seal,_but_marks_of_folding.]

RYGHT wourchipful husbonde, I recoumaunde me to yow,
dyssyryng hertely to here of yowr welfare, thankyng yow of
yowr grett chere that ye made me and of the coste that ye dede
on me. Ye dede more cost thanne myn wylle was that ye choulde
do, but that it plesyd yow to do so; God gyf me grase to do that
may plese yow.
   Ples yt yow to wett that on Fryday after myn departyng
fromme yow I was at Sudbury, and spake wyth the schreve, and
Richard calle toke hym the ii writtys. And he brake them, and
Richard hathe the copes of them; and he seyd he wollde sende
the writtys to hys undreschryf, and a letter therwyth chargyng hym
that he schowlde do therine as largely as he owt to do . And I and
Richard informyd hym of the demenyng of hys undrchryf, how
parciall he hade be wyth the other partye bothe in that mater
and also for the acciounys beyng in the schere; and he was nothyng
wel plesyd of the demenyng of hys undreschref, and he hat
wretyn to hym that he choulde be indeferent for bothe partyes
acordyng to the lawe, bothe for that materys and for alle othere.
What the undreschryf wylle do therin I wot nere, for he is not
yet spokyn wyth.
   Item, as for Cotton, I entryd into the plase as on Sunday last
was, and ther I abode tyll un Wednysday last pasyd. I have left
ther John Paston the youngere, Wykys, and other xii men, for to
receyve the profyttys of the manere; and ayenst the day of kep_yng
of the corte I hope ther chall be more to streynkyth them yf
it nede. John Paston hath be wyth myn lorde of Norffolk seyth
we entryd, and dyssyryd hys good lorchypp to streynth hym
wyth hys howsolde men and other yf nede be, and he hath pro_mysyd
he woulde do so. And I sent Richard Calle on Tusday
to Knevett, dysyryng hym that he woulde sende to hys baley
and tenantys at Mendlesham that thei choulde be redy to coume
to John Paston whan he sent for them; and he sent a man of hys


forthwyth, chargyng them in aney wyse that they choulde do so.
And he sent me wourde be Richard, and hys soune also, yf wee
were nott stronge inough that owther he or hys soune, or bothe
yf nede were, woulde come wyth suche feleschipp as they coude
gett abowt them, and that thei woulde do as feythfully as they
knowde for yow, bothe in that mater and in alle other....
    Item, I recyvyd a letter frome yow yesterday, wherof I thanke
yow hertely, and I praye yow that I maye be as ye writt... Item,
I have do spoke for yowr worstede, but ye may not have it tylle
Halowmesse; and thane I am promysyd ye challe have as fyne as
maye be made. Richard Calle challe bring it up wyth hym.
    Wretyn the Fryday next byfore Michelmas Day.



|44.__Margaret_Paston_to_John_Paston_I.
|1465,_17_October.
|[pp._54/55]
|[No_address,_but_seal.]

|[James_Gloy's_hand.]

ON Tuesday in the morwyn whas John Botillere, otherwyse
callid John Palmere, and Davy Arnald your cook, and William
Malthows of Aylsham, takyn at Heylesdon be the balyf of Ey,
callid Bottisforth, and led for to Cossey, and there thei kepe hem
yet wythought any warant or autoryte of justice of peas. And thei
sey  thei wull carie hem forth to Ey preson, and as many as thei
may gete more of your men and tenauntes that thei may knowe
that owe yow good wyll or hath be to you ward, they be thret to
be slayn or presoned.
    The Duke came to Norwich on Tuesday at x of clok wyth the
nombre of v hundred men, and he sent after the meyre and alder_man
wyth the sherefes, desiryng hem in the Kynges name that
thei shuld take an enqueraunce of the constablys of every ward
wythin the cyte what men shuld a go on your party to have
holpyn or socowryd your men at any tyme of thes gaderynges, and
if any thei cowde fynde, that theI shuld take and arest hym and
correct hym, and also certifie hym the names on Wyndenesse day
be viii of clok; which the meyre dede, and wull do anythyng that


he may for hym and his. And hereupon the meyre hath arested
on that was wyth me callid Roberd Lovegold, brasere, and threte
hym that he shall be hanged be the nek; wherfor I wuld that
there myght come down a writ to remeve hym, if ye thynk it
be to do. He was not wyth me not save that Harleston and othere
mad the assaught upon me at Lammesse; he is right good and
feythfull onto you, and therefore I wuld he had help. I have non
man at this tyme to avayte upon me that dare be avowyd but
Litill John. William Nawton is here wyth me, but he dar not
ben avowyd for he is sore thret. It is told me the old lady and the
Duke is set fervently ageyn us be the enformacion of Harlesdon,
the baly of Cossey, and Andrewys, and Doget the balys sone, and
suych othere fals shrewys the which wuld have thes matere born
ought for there owyn plesere, the which causith an evyll noyse in
this contre and othere places.
    And as for Ser John Hevenyngham, Ser John Wyndefeld, and
othere wurchepfull men, thei ben mad but here doggeboltes,
the which I suppose wull turne hem to disurcheth hereafter.
I spake wyth Ser John Hevenyngham and enformed hym wyth
the trough of the matere, and of all owyre demenyng at Drayton;
and he seid he wuld that all thyng were wele, and that he wuld
enforme my Lord as I seid to hym, but Harleston had all the
wordes and the rewle wyth the Duke here, and after his avyse
and Doctour Aleynes he was avysed here at this tyme.
    The logge and the remenaunte of your place was betyn down
on Tuesday and Wednesday, and the Duke rode on Wednysday
to Drayton, and so for to Cossey, whill the logge at Heylesdon
was in the betyng down. And this nyght at mydnyght Thomas
Sleyforth, Grene, Portere, and the baly of Eye and othere had a
cart and fetched awey fether beddes and all the stuffe that was
left at the parsones and Thomas Wateres hows to be kept of
owres. I shall send you billes erafter as nere as I may what stuffe
we have forborn.
    I pray you send me word how ye wull that I be demened,
wheder ye wull that [I] abide at Caystere or come to you to Lon_don.
I have no leysere to write no more. God have yow in his
kepyng. Wretyn at Norwich on Sent Lukes Evyn.
                              M.P. |{Margaret_Paston.}



|45.__Margaret_Paston_to_John_Paston_I.
|1465,_27_October.
|[pp._56/57]
|MS._34889,_ff._36-37.

|[Wyke's_hand.]
Address: To my ryght worshypfull hosbond John Paston be thys
   delyveryd in hast.

RYGHT wyrshypfull hosbond, I recomand me to you... I
was at Haylesdon uppon Thorsday laste passyd and sey the place
there, and in gode feyth there wyll no cryature thynke how fowle
and orubelly it ys arayed but yf they sey it. There comyth moch
pepyll dayly to wondere thereuppon, both of Norwych and of
other placys, and they speke shamfully therof. The Duck had be
betere than a m li. that it had never be don, and ye have the more
gode wyll of the pepyll that it ys so foyll don. And thay made
youre tenauntys of Haylesdon and Drayton wyth othere, to help
to breke down the wallys of the place and the logge both, God
knowyth full evull ayenst there wyllys, but that thay derst no
nothere wysse don for ferre. I have spoken wyth youre tenauntys
of Haylesdon and Drayton both, and putte hem in confort as
well as I canne.
   The Duck ys men rensackyd the church and bare away all the
gode that was lefte there, both of ourys and of the tenauntys, and
lefte not so moch but that they stode uppon the hey awtere and
ransackyd the images, and toke away such as thay myght fynd,
and put away the parson owte of the church tyll thay had don,
and ransackyd every mans hous in the town v or vi tymys. And
the chyff maysters of robbyng was the baylly of Ey, the baylly
of Stradbroke, Thomas Slyford; and Slyford was the chyff rob_bere
of the cherch, and he hath most of the robbery next the
baylly of Ey. And as for lede, bras, pewtere, yren, dorys, gatys,
and othere stuffe of the hous, men of Coshay and Causton have
it, and that thay myght not cary thay have hewen it asondere in
the most dysspytuouse wyse. Yf it myght be, I wold som men of
wyrshop myght be send from the Kyng to see how it ys, both
there and at the logge, ore than any snowys com, that thay may
make report of the troth; ellys it shall no mo be seyn so playnly
as it may now.
   And at the reverens of God, spyde youre maters nowe, for it


ys to orybell a cost and trobell that we have now dayly, and most
have tyll it be othere wyse; and youre men dere not goo abowte
to gedere uppe youre lyfflode, and we kype here dayly more then
xxx persons for savacyon of ous and the place, for in very
trowght and the place had not be kypyd strong the Duck had
com hethere.
    The mayere of Norwych dede arest the baylly of Normandys,
Lovegold, Grygory Cordonere, and Bartholomew Fullere wyth_outen
any autoryte save only he sayth that he hath a comande_ment
of the Duck to do so; and he wyll not lete hem oute of
preson tyll he had suerty for ache of hem in iiii li. for to awnswere
to such maters as the Duck and hys counsell wyll put ayenst hem
at any tyme that thay be callyd, and so woll he do to othere, as
many as he may gyte, that awe you any gode wyll. And also the
Mayere wold have had hem sworen that thay shold never be
ayenst the Duck nor non of hys, whych thay wold not do in no
wyse....
    At the reverens of God, yf any wyrshypfull and profetabill mene
may be take yn youre maters, forsake it not in eschuyng of oure
trobell nad grete costys and chargys that we have and may growe
hereaftere. It ys thoght here that yf my Lord of Norffolk wolld
take uppon hym for you, and that he may have a comyssyon for
to enquere of such ryottys and robberyes as hath be don to you
and othere in thys contray, that then all the contray wyll awayte
uppon hym and serve youre entent, for the pepyll lovyth and
dredyth hym more then any othere lord except the Kyng and my
Lord of Warwyk, &c....
    And I pray you hertely send me word how ye do and how ye
spyde in youre maters in haste, and that I may have knowlych
how your sonnys doth. I com hom thys nyght late, and shal be
hyre tyll i hyre othere tydyngys from you. Wykys com hom
uppon Satoreday, but he met not wyth youre sonys. God have
you in hys kypyng, and send ous gode tydyngys from you.
Wryten in haste uppon the Seynt Symon and Jude ys Evyn.
                     By yourys, M. P. |{Margaret_Paston.}



|46.__Richard_Byllingham_1467/8_(The_Priory_of_Coldingham,_pp._215/16).
[Litera Ricardi Byllingham Priori Dunelmensi Directa].
|(Ex._Orig._Loc._25.)


   Right worshipffull and my singuler goude mastir, after al
dew obedyens I recommend me to you hertely as I can, thank_yng
you of all tendrenes shoinge to me heraffor, besechinge youe
of goud contynuaunce, in especiall at the conclusion of your
cause. I trust it be not unknawen to your goude fadurhode
howe at London in gret siknesse I abode six wikes, to your
grevous costes and my gret hynderaunce and hevynesse.
After that I taryed at Dovour more than x days, abidyng
passage, the whiche was right perilous for the thiknes of mistes;
but, God be lovyd, I and my felishippe abowt myd nyght gat
Calis in goud hele and sane gart. And ther
I associat me with a chapplayn of my Lord the Archbischoppis of
Yourke, and a marchant of London; and departid not till we
come to Rome, thankyd be God, avoydit all parrell, not
withstonding the gret werres that wer in every conteray we passid
thorowe. And aftir my commyng to the court I mad dew
scrutyny of the state of your cause; wher I found the
regist=r= yeven to the Juge and the cause put into the rotte, ande the
sentence thrize writton. at the last it was aspied we had not
sufficiently provyd our spull; wherfore the juge nor the rotte
wolde suffre noo sentence passe without we wolde prove our
p'pule by thaym that wer present and se it. Wherfore we wer
out of all remydie but on, and that was to have had a remys_sory
to certain Jugges, and to have brought up ij or iij of our
breder that wer present when the Prior and they were put owt
be violence. This wolde have byn grevous costely and tedius;
for on way and odur ye shulde not have schapid with c pund;
but, thankyd be God, sodenly, accordyng to trouth and con_science
and right, we fonde ij men that has testifyed the same,
and layd the remyssory, fatigacion, and grevous costes apart.


And within shorte days we trust fully, be Gods grace, to have
an sentence; the which shalbe to youe and the Monastery the
grettist worshippe that ever ye had in your dais. In this
sumwhat Peter de Mellinis has writton to your goude fadur_hod.
I beseke youe hertely remembre M. Will'm Clayton,
for by his menys and succur ye have savyd gret goodes that
shuld have byn spent, had his help not byn. He wil be with
yow within fewe monthis. I beseche youe make hym goude
cher and sendb me worde by hym how I shal be disposed and
come Home to youe. Ther comys an man to youe callid Mr.
John Norham notary papall and imperiall, the whilk testified
of expulsion of ye Priour of Coldyngham and the intrusion of
M. Patrik and Jon Hume. Odir dyvers notable and worship_full
English men has notabilly deposed how they have hard,
but M' John Norham and his felow deposit of personall pre_sens
and sigt, the whiche is for our entent. More ov=r= ye
shall receve by Mr John Norham, or sum man sent fro hym,
a certain bull with odur instruments concernyng the mater of
Hilton, for the whiche he is woorthy gret thanke and goud
rewarde, as he hath deservyd, and I shal declair more largely
to youe at my comynge, be Goddys grace, who kepe evermore
youre gode fadurhod tyll hys plesur and comfort to youre
subject. Ex Roma, vicesima prima Januarii anno domini
M=o=CCCC=mo=LXVII.
   Reverendo in Christo patri et domino domino Richardo
      Bell priori Ecclesi Cathedralis Dunelm. tradatur.
             Dunelmia.



|47.__Richard_Byllingham_(1472),_pp._223-25.
Litera Ricardi Billingham ad priorem
Dunelmensem de curia Romana.

     IHS.

   Ryght wryshipfull and my most singuler gud fadir, after dew
obedience, I recommend me onn my most humble wise to your
gud fadirhed. Now but latt, the first day of July, in Consis_torio
publico, wer the embassiatore of the Kynge of Portugaly
did ther obedience till our holy fadir the Pope, was proposett
an comyssyon for your gud fadirhod and the chapitter to putt
your adverrsarie and in especiall Patryk Home and Jon Home
to perpetual silence, et quod parerent judicato, Antony de
Engubio proctour to Patryk Home interposett hym self for the
said Patryk Home, your advocat Andreas de Sancta Cruce
had dyvers commissione the said day to propose, and mor in
especiall for your fadirhod and the chapitter, butt the Pope


desyrett hym to propose onn in forma pauperum, ye will
admytt your aduocat desirett the pope holynes to her another
commyssyon to be admytt and to put your adversarie to per_petuall
silence to the tyme thai obeyt the sentence yevyn agayn
thaim, and till thai war reconsilett till our moder haly kyrk,
and the kirk of Rome that thai had grevously offendit. And
for so mekyll as for shortnesse off tyme he myt noght utter till
his holynesse his entent att that tyme, he besoght his holynesse
to contynew the said commyssyon till the next Consistory and
the cummyng of the Kyng of France embassiatore the wilk
shall entre Rome the setterday nex after the day affor rehersett:
wheruppon the Pope was ryght wele content and so degreet.
Your advocat callett your adversarie opyn thevys and rebelle
to the kirk of Rome and desyred that thai schuld defend thaim
in all thar power and concell agayn the nex Consistory, war he
wold opynly defend the cause off Saynt Cuthbert weruppon
the Scotte er ryght evyll ...... I pray for thaim as thai wold
me and noght so evyll. Watt tyme I cam last to Rome I
wold I had beyn beryd, savyng the defence off ye ryghte off
Saynt Cuthberte hous. God help me as I will the wele of
the same. I besek yow ever mor to be my gud fadir, and
Allmyty send me gud word onnys off your gud fadirhod
and our brether. Wold God ye wer in Consistorio publico
in the proposyng off Saynt Cuthberte commyssyon: ye will
inspyrett Maister Jaume mynd in the makyng theroff. Mor
I wold have wryttn butt the tyme gifnes me impediment.
God help me and save your fadirhod.  Ex Roma, festinan_ter,
primo die Julij, A=o=M=o=CCCCLXXII.
                Per vestrum oratorem et monachum
                      RICARDUM BYLLYNGHAM DUNELM.

   I besek your gud fadirhod to exhort our brether to pray
hertly for the cause of Coldyngham the wylk was proposet in
Consistorio publico att cummyng off embassiatore off the
kyng of Portugaly and for shortnesse of tyme the pope conti_newit
itt to the next consistory wher schall do ther obedience
the embassiatore off the kyng off France and your ryghte
utterly deciditt. Andreas de Sancta Cruce shall reassume our
commyssion, and iff the Scottes reply Joachinus shall reply
agayn thair replicacione, and att the last, iff ned be, Andreas
de Sene shall duplicat his replicacion with Andrew de Sancta
Cruce and Joachyn, and so this wilbe onn off the solempne
acte that was don in Rome in our dayes. Wherfor I besek
yow and all our brether to considir this, for yt is no feynyd


thyng. Andreas de Sancta Cruce is mor glad her off and a
man had gifeyn hym a c ducate, and required the Scotte to do
ther uttermost and tak the best consaill thai culd have in
Rome; wherfor thai ar ryght evyl paid with me and maister
Jamme. The advocat has no dowt but thai shall obey thatt is
juggett, in despytt off thaim that sais the contrary. Within
few daye, be Godde grace ye shall have an end in this cause,
the wilk has beyn full grevous to your fadirhod, butt itt shalbe
be Godde grace to yow a perpetuall wirshipp. Your obliga_cion
last send to me is her off non effect, wherfor had noght
Sir Hew Spaldyng beyn, I and your cawse had beyn utterly
undon. He, for the luff that he berys me, till his hinderance
has lent me the money upon the said obligacion, the wilk I
have bound to hym in poenis Cameralibus in the Bank de Spi_moche
att Rome. Wherfor I besek off repayment in all gudly
hast and to consider his gentilnesse and my grett neede and
the difficulte off the cause and the mytynesse off our ennimyes.

     In dorso -- MARIA . JESUS . CUTHBERTUS
          Reverendo in Christo Patri et domino domino
          Ricardo Priori Ecclesiae Cathedralis Dunelm'
          detur cum honore.
                    London.     Dunelm.



|48.__Elizabeth_Stonor_1476_to_William_Stonor.
|(The_Stonor_Letters_and_Papers,_pp._9/10.)

18 August, 1476

              Jhesu. Ano. xvj
   Right well belovid Cossen, I recomaund me unto you with all myn
hart and I annke you hartely, gentill Cossen, off youre expediscion


that ye have made in plesynge off my brodyr Stocker off his bucke: he
is beholdyn unto you: at your comynge to London he will thannke
you
I dowt not as reason is; and I, as ffor my parte, annke you
ffor my
venyson, the which I have R[eceived] by my brodyr Crooke. Also,
gentill Cossen, I undyrstond =t= my douther Kateryn is craysed and
hath a desese on hir neke: I marvell what it shuld be: yff it wold lyke
you, I praye you hartely to suffer hir to come to London to
me to the
intent she may be holpyn eroff. I send syr William, Annes Dibdale,
and Howlake for hir, and on Twesday next I trust to see you here at
London, and whanne ye come ye shall be welcom with more. Jesu
spede you ever, amen. At London le xviij jour d'aoust.
                          Elysabeth Stonor.
     P.S. in dorso. Gentyll Cossen, I praye you to bryng with you the ij
baysons and hewers off silver, the silver Candelstikes and the monstrans,
and the letill silver bayson to set it in. I wold have it here ayenst myn
hysbonds terement, and it can not come better at no tyme anne with
you now because off strenght.

     To my most worshipffull Cossen Willm. Stonor, Esquyer, this be
delyvered. At Stonor.



|49.__Elizabeth_Stonor_1476_to_William_Stonor.
|pp._10/11.

12 September, 1476.

   Right Reverent and Worshipfull and enteirly best belovyd Cosyn, I
recommende me unto you in the most lowlyest wyse that I best can or
may. And syr, as this day by your servaunt Thomas Mathew I recey_vyd
a letter from you, by the which letter I understonde that e be
sumwhat amended and shall every day better and better en other by
e grace of God. Also, gentyll Cosyn, I understonde better that my brother
and yowris is sore seke of the poxes: wherfore I am right hevy and
sory of your beyng there, ffor the eyre of poxe is ffull contagious and namely to them than ben nye of blode. Wherfore I wolde praye you,


gentyll cosyn, that e wolde come hedyr, and yif hit wolde plese you
so to doo, &c. And yif that hit lyke you not so to doo, Gentill Cosyn,
lettith me have hedyr some horsis I pray you, and that I may come to
you, ffor in good faith I can fynde hit in my herte to put my self in
jubardy there as ye be, and shall do whilst my lyffe endureth to the
plesure of God and yours. For in good faith I thought never so longe
sith I see yow. ffor in trowth I hadde will hopid that your horsis shulde
a ben here as is night; and that I thot verely, and so poyntid my self
for to a be with you as e morue at night with Godes mercy, which
shulde have ben to me right a grete comfort; ffor in good faith I have not
ben mery at myn hert is sevynnight day ffor dyverse maters the whiche
hath ben brokyn to me. Wherfore I wyst full hertly dyverse tymes at e
hadde ben here: ffor I wot will that ye coulde an answeryd in certayne
maters better en I: ffor truly I had not so besy a weke sith I cam
hedyr, exepte oone day, which sir William, and John Mathewe both
can enfourme you parte erof. And Syr, as towchyng my childeryn I
hertly thanke you that hit lyke you so for to tend them: but it, Gentyll
Cosyn, yif hit plese you to sende hem up with such horsis as hit lykith
you to send for me, I wolde hertly pray you, ffor the poxe ben past out
of this Countre and Cyte as fer as I understonde, blessyd be God.
Gentyll Cosyn, I pray you hertly that I may have a redy worde from
you on Saterday at nyght at e ferthest; for in trowth I can not be
mery unto e tyme that I know verely how that e will I be demenyd
hereyn. No more to you at this tyme, but almyghty Jhesu preserve
you, and kepe you longe in good hele of body and longe to lyve in
vertu to Godes plesure, and so to your moste hertes desire, amen. At
London e xij day of Septembr. A=o=xvj.
    And myn sonne Betson recommende hym unto you as hertely as he
can or may, and bysowght to vouchsaffe to pray for hym &c.: and ye
shall Rec. ij letters of hym by John Mathewe. And as this day viij of
the Cloke in e morning he toke his barge. I pray God sende hym
good spede, amen.
                     By your ovne Elysabeth Stonore.

   To my Right Worshipfull Cosyn, Willm. Stonor, squiere, this be
delyvered.



|50.__Elizabeth_Stonor_to_William_Stonor_(1476).
|p._12.

9 October, 1476

                 Jhesu M. iiij=c= lxxvj.
   Right Interly and beste belovyde Cosyn, I recomaunde me unto you
in moste lovyng wyse. Syr, I resayvyde ffrome you a letter by the
wyche I consayvyde that ye canne not departe but it shulde be to your
gret lose. Wherffor ye do ryght welle to set hyt in a suerte: ffore hyt
thys no lytell monay that he howys you. And Syr, as ffore my Cosyn
Fowler, he whas not come as thys nythe, but he wylle be to morow at
his plase as hyt thys tollde me. And as ffore my son Betson I have no
wrytyng syn you departe. I truste yt shall not be longe to or whe shalle
have wrytyng ffrome hym. And Syr, ther as ye wrte unto me ther as
at Chetys and Hoderstone shulde be leffte ther stylle, truly so hyt
thys: ffor I have put ffore no thyng save hondely for sarten plote.
fforder more, Syr, ye schall under[stonde] at Thomas a Wode hys very
sore syke at the Sworde in Flete strete. Syr, the Kyng hys come to
Westemester, and I understonde there schalle be a gret Counsell, where_ffore
I wot never. My Cosyn Hellmys recommaunde hym unto you.
And Syr, I thanke you hartely as I cane ffore your good tynchys: ffore
truly thay whare very goode and swet as I het hany many a day.
Whereffore I sent my ffader hone off them to hys soper. Whereffor
he thanke you ryght hartely. No more unto you at thys tyme, Jhesu
have you in his kepyng, Amen. At London the ix day of Octobur at
ix a Cloke at nythe.
           By your owne Elysabeth Stonor.
    Allso Syr, ye schulle understonde that Thomas Wode hys [syke wi]th
the pokys.

   To my Ryght Reverent and Worshipffull hosbon Wyllm. Stonor,
Sqyer, at Orton thys letter be delyverd.   In hast. dd.



|51.__Elizabeth_Stonor_to William Stonor.
|pp._14/15.

22 October [1476]

   Right interly and best belovyd husbond, I recomaund me unto you
in my most herty wyse, evermore thankyng you right hertely off all
kyndeness to me schewed at all tymes, and nowe ffor your good Veny_sone
and Coneys, the wheche you sent me be Hery Blakhall, the whech
is gret deyntis to have here in London: wherfor I sent the halffe
hawnche to my ffadyr and a cowpyll off coneys: and they recomaund
them unto you and thanke you ryght hertely. And sur, you schall
undyrstond that I have be with my Lady of Southfolke as on Thursday
last was, and wayted uppon hyr to my lady the Kynges Modyr and
hyrse, be hyr commaundment. And also on Satyrday last was I wayted
uppon hyr thedyr ageyne, and allso ffro thens she wayted uppon my
lady hyr Modyr, and browght hyr to Grenwyche to the Kyngis good
grace and the quenyse: and ther I sawe the metyng betwyne the Kynge
and my ladye his Modyr. And trewly me thowght it was a very good
syght. And sire, I was with my lady of Southfolke at this day hopyng
that I myght have hade hyre at sume leysyre that I myght a spokyn to
hyr ffor the money, but trwly sche was very besy to make hyre redy, ffor
sche is redyne to Cauntyrbery as this same day, and sche wyll be here
ageyne as on Satyrday next comyng, ffor so sche told me hyr selff. Also,
Sire, I spake with my cosyn Fowler at my lady the Kyngis Modyr; and
I thankyde hyme as hertely as I cowde for his gret kyndnese that he
schewid to you and to me at all tymys, prayeng hyme of his good con_tynuans:
and he askyde me when you wyld cum hydyr. And I tellyd
hym that I supposyd that you wyld be her as this weke. And also I spake
with my cosyne Rokysse: and he askyd me in leke wyse, and he seyth
itt is not hys ffortune to mete with you here in London; and I spake to
hyme ffor John Mathews mater, and prayed hym to be good master unto
hym; and he awnswerd me ageyne, and seyde that he had lytyll cause,
for he seyth that he have ben the most importune manne that myght
be to hymewardes. And I awnswerd and seyde to hyme, that I coude
never undyrstond hyt but that he owght hyme his servyse to his powre.
And Sire, my lady of Southfolke is halfindell dysplesyd because that
my Cystere Barantyne is no better arayed, and leke wyse my Cyster
Elysabeth. And sche seyth with owght they be otherwyse arayed, sche
seyth, sche may not kep them: and sche seyth that my Moder and
yours schuld saye that yu have I-nowe to ffynd my Cyster Elysabeth
with all. Also I undyrstond at Sure John Buttelyr hath spokyn to my
lady to have my Cyster Barantyne with hyme: what he menyth therin


we wot nere, with oute that he wold have the rewle of hyr hysbandys
lyvelode be that meane. Wherffore my Cyster wold speke with you
ffore that mater to have your cownsell in what is best to do. And Sire,
as ffor my sone Betsonne I herde no worde ffrome hyme sith you de_partyd:
for ther commyth no passage this viij dayese. And Sire, I
wold pray you whenne Davy Wrixame commyth to you owght off Cottys_wold,
that ye wold send hyme hydder that he myght wryght to my sonne
howe he have done in the contre. And good Sire, I pray you that my
blewe gowne of damaske may be sent to me ageyne alhalowne day, and
my cofferse and my dowter Caterynes, that I spake to you ffore. And
sire, suche kercherse and smokkys and small japys that be in the chest
that Cateryne my womanne had role of, whech chest stondyth in my
sonne Betsonys Chaumbre. And Sire, I wold pray you that ee wold
send this gere to me that I myght take rekenyg of hyre: ffor sche skevisith
hyr and sey that suche gere as I aske her is there. Sir, I pray you send
me no more ryngis with stonys: ffore the ryng that you sent me be Hery
Blakhall, the stone is fflalyn owght be the way and loste: wherffore I
ame sory. Good sire, let it not be long or I may se you: for truly me
thynke ryght long syth I se you. You chylderne and myne ffare well,
blessyd be God, and they be to me a gret cowmfort in your absens.
No more to you at this tyme, but almyghti Jhesu preserve and kepe you
in long helth and vertue to hys plesure. At London the xxij day of
Octobre.
    My owne Cosyne, I sende you a bladyr with powdyr to drynke when
e go to bede, ffor hit is holsome ffor you.
            Be your ovne to my powre Elysabeth Stonore.

   To my Ryght well-belovyd Cosyn Wyllm. Stonor, squyer, at Stonore,
this be delyveryd.



|52.__Elizabeth_Stonor_1476_to_William_Stonor.
|p._16.

25 October, 1476

   Ryght Interly and beste belovyde Cosyne, I recomaunde me unto
you as hartely as I cane. ffordermore, Cosyn, plesyth hyt you to under_stonde
that I have resayvide a bore ffrom you: the wyche I thanke you
ryght hartely ther ffor: the wyche bore hys very goode and well
braunde. Allso Cosyn, my moder and yourys sent me monay to by
her boge, and sche sent me a gobelet to amend: the wyche gobelet I
have schuyde unto dyverys golldsmythys: and thay say hyt cane not be
amendyd, but hyt be new made: and so I pray you to infforme my
moder. And as ffor the boge my moder send unto me ffor, I send hyt
to her by Folyhet, the brynger heroff. And so, Syr, I pray you to in_fforme
my moder, as hyt thys: and I will kepe the gobelet unto the tyme
that I have answere ffrome her. Allso, syr, I pray you to recommaunce
me hartely unto here goode moderhode. Fordermore, Cosyn, I longe
sore ffore you, to se you her in London, whanne you have done your
besenes: but I understonde that you have hade gret besynys syn you de_partyd
ffrome me. Syr, ye schalle understond that I had no wrytyng
ffrome my son Betson: ffor as ny as I cane in-kewere, syn Howlake de_partyd
ther came no passag ffrom Calys. Forder, syr, I pray you that ye
wolde woche-saffe ffor to sen John Mathew unto Hendelay, ffor to breke
the ffardell, and to wryte schuche thyngys [as] is in hyt, and to make ij
ffardellys ther off, that hyt mythe be sent downe by the caryar off [Hen_delay]
ffor I cane not have hyt ayenst the tyme helse: ffor I most nedes
have hyt, ffor the chylld [eryn have] ne chaung, ffor they go so schamely
that I have pete off them. And goode Syr, as ffor my nawne [gowne that
I] wrothe unto you off, I pray you that I mythe have hyt as sone as ye
may. No more unto you [at thys tyme], but Jhesu have you in hys
kepyng. Wretyn at London the xxv day off Octobur.
                    By your ovne Elysabeth Stonore.

   Unto my Right hartely well-belovyde Cosyn Wyllm. Stonor, Squiere,
thys be delyverd, in hast.



|53.__Elizabeth_Stonor_1476_to_William_Stonor.
|pp._18/19.

11 December, 1476
                        Jhesu
   Ryght entirely and beste belovyd husbonde I recommende me unto
you in the most lovyng wyse that I best can or may. moreover, pleseth
hit yow to understonde that I have receyvyd your letter, a byll closid in
the said letter, which I have redd and ryght well understondyd: and as


for all such stuff as the said byll specefyth of, as yet I have not receyvyd.
How be hit the barge is comyn with the said stuff as is nyght at vij of
clocke: and Sir, soo hit will be the morne or I can recyvyd hit.
Ferthermore, syr, plesyth hit yow to wit that as on ffryday last past I
dyende with my ffadir and my modir. And er was at dyner with hym
the frendys of the childe which was movid for oone of my doters at your
last beyng heere. And so at after dyner they hadde there comunycation
for the said mateer, wherby I understode ther dispocitions how that they
were disposid in the said mateer. And truly hit was nothyng as hit
was spokyn of at e begynnyng: wherfore I answeryd and said in this
wyse: that oo shee were my childe, as she is, I coulde not anwere that
mateer without yow nor noght wolde doo. How be hit, I answeryd in
your byhalf: that I wyst ryght well at e wolde be rygt kynd and
lovyng ffadir, yif God ffortunyd that ye and they shulde dele. And Sir,
there as ye wryte that at e bargemen ben loth to take and Rec. any
stuff of ours I marveyle gretely: ffor truly to my knowlege I hadde
never ing caryed by any of them but at I paid them truly erfore.
And Sir, as for e vj cowpull of haberndens, the which ye wryte ffore,
they shall be bought and sente to yow ryght shortly. And as ffor your
gownys of chamlet and dublettes of sylke, I have bought hem: the which
shall plese yow ryght well, I trust to God, at your comyng, &c. And
Sir, my sonne Betson recommende hym unto yow, and he come home
as on Monday last past, and he hath brought with hym, blessid be God,
good tythynges, the which he and I shall enfourme yow at your comyng.
and ther as ye wryte that ye will sende me of a wylde bore and other
venson ayenst Sonday, truly I thanke yow as hertly as I can. But truly
yet I wolde pray yow that ye wolde spede yow hedyr als sone as ye can:
ffor I wolde trust to godes mercy hit shoulde be to your profetes and
avayle in tyme comyng by the grace of our Lord, who ever preserve and
kepe yow to his plesur and your most herts comfort. Amen. At
London the xj day of Decembre A=o= xvj.
   And Cosen, heras ye wryte to me that I had no leysyr: truly I have ben
crised and besy, ellys I wyld have wryte to you or thys tyme.
                    By your ovne Elysabeth Stonore.

   To my Ryght well belovyd Cosen, Willm. Stonere, esquer at Stoner
is be delyverd.




|54.__Richard_Cely_the_elder_1476/7_to George Cely at Calais.
|26_January_1476/7.
|(The_Cely_Letters,_pp._10/11)

              Jhesu M=l=iiij=c= lxxvj

I grete the wyll, and I haue grete marvele that ye wryt not to me
no letters of syche ty[dy]ngys as [ye] haue at Caleys, the weche
ys meche speche of at London, for the weche I cannot wryt to the
nothyng for lake of understan[d]yng how it stand in the pertys
of the Dewke of Borgens londys and the Kyng of Franse, for here
ys strange spekyng, for the weche I pray the be wyse, and be not
or-haste in sale and delyueryng of good into Flanders, for I fere
me sore of ware, and the Dewke be dede, as it ys sayd, and the


Kyng of Franse enterd into Pecardy, as men saye, for the weche
I pray the se wyll to. And also sayb to Thomas Kesten that he
promysyd to me that the x s. of sarplere scholl be payd to John
Tate, the weche ys not payd, for the wche I haue grete callyng
for the payment there, and Wyll Maryon and Robard Cely for
there perte, for the weche I am not wyll plesyd wyt Kesten for
that mater, werefor wryt me answere wat he saythe, and also wat
pontment makyt wyt Byfylde and all hoder men there as he ys
intreted to, and saye to Thomas Kesten I tryste to hym that he
wyll haue in rememborans ys promyse made to me wan I
delyuerd hym plate, that I schall be plesyd wyt som payment of
hym wtt hoder men. And he wyll do soe I schall be ys good
frende, and that he schall wyll understand in tyme to com, for
the weche I wyll be glade for to doe for hym and wyll hymselve.
I wryt no more to the at thys tyme, but Jhesu kepe you. Wryt at
London the xxvj day of Jeneuer in grete haste.
                              per Rychard Cely.

|Dorse: To Jorge Cely the elder at London be thys delyuer. |(Seal_ and_ drawing
|of_shield.)



|55.__Richard_Cely_the_elder_to_George_Cely_at_Calais.
|23_May_1477.
|pp._11/12.

           Jhesu M=liiij=c= lxxvij

I grete the wyll, and I understand ther com no marchauntys to
Caleys for to bye woll nor fellys, for the weche ys ryght heuy[nese]
for the marchauntys of the stapyll, for the weche I fere me euery
man wyll fende the mene for the sale and delyuer ys woll and fellys
into svre men ys handys be the mene of sale to marchauntys
strangers the weche haue repayryd to Caleys afor thys tyme, for
the weche I wolde ye hadde commyngaschon wyt syche mar_chauntys
as ye haue fonde svre men and good men, for to aventer
som of my woll and fell in there handys be the mene of sale at long
dayys, for I fele men schall do so at thys seson, for the weche
I wolde thynke that John Underhaye were a good man for [to]
tryste and hoder men suche as ye thynke good men. Spare not for


a long day, for I fere me it wyll com thereto, for I understande
wyll there be dyvers men of the Felychepe of the Stapyll of Caleys
haue solde woll for iij ere day, the laste payment, and the pryse
kepyt, and the money xxij s. viij d. for the li. Also for money be
exchonge at London ys vij s. x d. Fl., for vj s. viij d. ster., and for
to resayue at London in hand and for to delyuer at Bregys at
a monyth day after, vij s. x d. Fl. for vj s. viij d. ster., for the weche
I can thynke money wyll better thys marte noe, for the weche doe
as wyll as ye can, for I haue not schargyd the wyt a peny. Nor send
me no ster. money, for the lose ys to grete at thys seson. I wryt
no more at thys tyme, but Jhesu kepe. Wryte at London the xxiij
day of May in haste.
                               per Rychard Cely.

|Dorse: To Jorge Cely at Caleys be thys letter delyuerd. |(Shield.)



|56.__Richard_Cely_the_elder_to_George_Cely_at_Calais.
|26_June_1477.
|p._12.

                Jhesu M=l=iiij=c= lxxvij

I grete the wyl, and I thynke long tyl I haue wrytyng from the of
syche maters as ye haue to doe for me at the marte. God send you
a good marte, and me also. Ye schall understand that Robard Cely
and Thomas Folbord my pryntys be comyng to Caleys, for I muste
make the forsayd Thomas Folborne, my prentys, freman of the
Staple wythin iiij ere of ys terme, the weche ys viiij ere as aperyt
be ys endentur, for the weche I wyll ye doe youre pert for me to
make hym freman. I wryt no more to you at thys tyme, but Jhesu
kepe you. Wryt at London the xxvj day of Jun in grete haste.
                      per Rychard Cely the elder.

|Dorse: To Jorge Cely at Caleys be thys delyuer. |(Seal_and_shield.)



|57.__Richard_Cely_the_elder_to_George_Cely_at_Calais.
|1_May_1478.
|p._19.

               Jhesu M=l=iiij=c= lxxviij
   I grete the wyll, and I wryt to the at thys tyme as I understand we
sshal [paye] howre custon and subsete at Caleys to the sodears
sterlyng money, xxiiij s. for the li. Were we payd xxj s. iiij d.
Flemyche, we schall paye from henys forwarde after the rate of
ster., that ys, ij ryallys for a li., hoder goldys after the rate and
the valve of the same. I was wyt the Mayar of the Stapyll and
the felychepe wyt the Kyng and ys lordys of ys Consell for thys
mater, and there the mater was declarede be the Recordar of
London and the answere was playnely schol be non hoder wyse --
the acte of Parlementys  to paye them in sterlyng money, and so
thay wyll be payd. The cavse I wryt to the ys for to beware [of]
resayuyvng of syche goldys as gryte lose ys in at Caleys. The
schepyng ys begone at London, but I doe notyng tyll the tyme
I haue wrytyng from the, the weche ys long of comyng as me
semyth. The laste day of Apperell I haue resayuyd ij letters from
the, a let[ter wrete] at Caleys the xvij day of Apperell, be the weche
I understande youre comyng t[o] Caleys, the toder letter wrete
at Caleys the xxiiij day of Apperell, the weche I understand wyll.
Ye schall understand the mater be thys letter of t[he] concleseon
notyng for the welle of the Felychepe of the Stapyll, but men
schepe faste at London, wherfor I am avysyd for to schepe xix
sarplerys and a poke of my Cottyswolde woll, the weche was of
John Busche gaderyng, of the same that ys to selle at Caleys, for
the weche I wyll ye make som sale and ye may doe wyll and svere,
for I fere me men [will] sele schortely wan the plete com to Caleys.
John Cely hathe bogwyt for me iij Ml fell, but thay be not com to
London yete. I pray the send me wrytyng as sone as ye can of
youre avyse, for I wyll aponte me thereafter in schepyng of my
woll, and as I haue conford from you. I wryte no more to you at
thys tyme, but Jhesu kepe you. Wryte at London the fryste day
of May in haste.
                              per Rychard Cely.

|Dorse: To Jorge Cely at Caleys be thys delyuer. |(Seal_and_shield.)



|58.__Richard_Cely_the_elder_at_London_to_George_Cely_at_Calais.
|18_May_1478.
|p._22.


               Jhesu M=l=iiij=c= lxxviij

I grete the wyll, and the xviij day of May I resayuyd a letter from
the wryte at Caleys the viij day of May, the weche letter I haue
wyll understande, and as for schepyng of woll or fell, I haue non
schepyn<g> at thys day, but be the grace of God I am avysyd for
to schepe a perte of my woll; a xx sarplerys or more, and fell iij
or iiij M=l= at thys neste schepyng, the weche ys not as ete begone,
nor I soppose schall not tyll thys scheppys com agane from Caleys.
And also men wyll here and understand of thys Synsson marte,
for the toder marte was not good for the Stapyll -- I hope thys
schall be good. Thomas Bvrgane, mecer, wylled me to wryte to
the: and ys man wyll haue money at thys marte he wolde haue [of]
me, for the weche I wyll ye delyuer to ys man before hony hoder
man. As the money in the marte, doe as wyll as ye can. God send
vs a good marte, and good ty<d>yngys of the warthe, and send vs
pese; and I pray the kepe [the] in good felyschepe to the marte
warde, and in the marte, and from the marte to Caleys warde, for
there ys moste drede. I wryte no more, but Jhesu kepe you. Wryte
at London the xviiij day of May in haste.
                                 per Rychard Cely.

|Dorse: To Jorge Cely at Caleys be thys delyuerd. |(Shield.)



|59.__Richard_Cely_the_elder_at_London_to_George_Cely_at_Calais.
|17_June_1478.
|p._23.

               Jhesu M=l=iiij=c= lxxviij

   I grete the wyll, and I haue resayuyd a letter from the wrete at
Bregys the ix day of Jun, the weche letter I haue wyll understande
euery ponte, and I haue resayuyd closyd in the sayd letter iij
letters of payment acordyng to youre wrytyng be Thomas Granger
bryngar, and I understand wyll the eyng of money be exchange
at the marte ys not good, and also I understande be Thomas
Granger the sodears at Caleys wyll not be plesyd for take for ther
payment viij s. Fl. for the nobyll ster., for the weche it ys to grete
a lose for the Stapyll to bere after there desyar, for the weche
I am ry<ght> sory that I haue chargyd me so sore and so meche,
but I wyll understande more of that mater or I schepe woll or fell.
I bogwyt a v M=l= fell in Cottyswolde and they be good. I am
avysyd not for to schepe neder woll nor fell tyll I haue wrytyng
from the of syche maters and resaytys of money at Bregys, that
be the grace of God ye sa[ll] and haue done fuill wyll, and Jhesu
for ys grete mersy send a good pesse in the Dvke of Borgans londys,
for ellys wyll be no good marchantys warde. I wryte no more, but
Jhesu kepe you. Wryt at London the xvij of Jun in grete haste.
                                        per Rychard Cely.

|Dorse: To Jorge Cely at Caleys be thys delyuer. |(Shield.)



|60.__Richard_Cely_the_elder_to George_Cely_at_Calais.
|10_July_1478.
|pp._24/25.

               Jhesu M=l=iiij=c= lxxviij

   I grete the wyll, and I haue resayuyd a letter from the wryt at
Caleys the xxix day of Jun, the weche letter I haue wyll under_stand:
of your demenyng at thys marte, the clerenesse, for the


weche I am wyll plesyd, and of the sale of my woll: a poke solde
to John Borsse, marchant of Ryssyll, and to John Delopys,
Cornelys Vandorne and Gysbryght Van Whynsbeyg vj sarplerys
of good woll Cottyswolde, and ij sarplerys and a poke of medell
woll Cottyswold, for the weche I am wyll plesyd, and the waythe
and the sum of money, and the iij=de= peny at xxv s. for the li., and
to resayuyd at Bamys marte neste com, and the secon payment
vj monyht, and the reste vj monyht after that. The schepyng of
woll and fellys ys begone at London, for the weche I am avysyd
for to schepe my woll and fell at thys tyme, for the weche kepe
money for the frayght and costom and subsete. There was 1 li.
lent beforhand and my parthyschom of iiij s. the li. schall halpe
to. And ete I may doe no more good, neder in byyng of woll nor
fellys nor in byldyng, for defayte and lake of money, for the weche
I schall thynke long tyll Bamys marte com. |[Written_later:] At
thys day I haue schepyt x sarplerys woll and dayly do schepe, God
send them wyll to Caleys and save, for yt ys lyke to be a grete
schepyng of woll and fell at London. I wryt no more, but Jhesu
kepe you. Wryte at London the x day of Jule in grete haste.
                          per Rychard Cely.

|Dorse: To Jorge Cely at Caleys be thys delyuer. |(Shield.)



|61.__Richard_Cely_the_elder_to_George_Cely_at_Calais.
|20_July_1478.
|pp._25/26.


               Jhesu M=l=iiij=c= lxxviij

   I gr[ete the wyll a]nd I send the a letter wryt at London the xiij
day of Jule of the answare [of] oure letter, but I fele wyll ye
haue not that letter as ete. I wryte to the that I haue schepyt
and wyll schepe xl sarplerys of Cottyswolde woll and x packys of
fell or more, for the weche I wyll ye schall make porveons for
frayth and hossyng as ye schall vnderstand be my fryste letter
afor wryte, and ye schall porvay for hossyng for Rychard [Cely]
and thyselve for viij packys fell, wereof I haue a perte wyt you in
the same fellys as ye schall understand be thy broder Rychard Cely
at ys comyng to Caleys schortely, for the schepyng ys ner doe, and
schall be wytin vj dayys, for the weche I wryt to the schortly and
in grete haste, and also, in good faythe, for lake of money I forgoe


many good barganys of fell, for the weche I am ryght sory, but
I pray the haue thys mater yn my[nd] and leteb me understande
wat redy mony I haue at Brygys of myn in hand that I may scharge
the, and I may doe hony goo[d] therewyt, as I fele wyll I schall.
I wryt no more, Jhesu kepe th[e]. Wryte at London the xx day
of Jule in haste.
                              per Rychard Cely.

|Dorse: To Jorge Cely at Caleys be thys letter delyuerd. |(Seal_and
|shield.)



|62.__Richard_Cely_the_elder_at_London_to_George_Cely_at_Calais.
|6_November_1478.
|Cely_Letters,_ed._Hanham,_pp._34/35.


               Jhesu M=l=iiij=c= lxxviij

   I grete [the] wyll, and I haue resayuyd from the ij letters be Wyll
Maryon, j lett[er wryt] the xxiiij day of Octobor, the weche I wyll
understand, the toder letter wryt frysth day of Novembor, the
weche I understand wyll, and of the sale of woll - xxxj sarplerys
good woll Cottyswold, and j sarplere medell woll, all ys solde.
Dayys be comyng, for the weche I am wyll plesyd: the mar_chauntys
be good. Also I understand youre beyn[g] at Bamyse
marte and the eueyng of money be exschonge: viij s. viij d.
Flemyche for vj s. viij d. ster., the weche ys grete lose. I haue
resayuyd of Wyll Maryon, the bryngar of the letters, a boxkys,
therein ix letters of payment acordyng to youre wrytyng. Also
I wrote to you in my laste wrytyng of the money, saiyng of in
Flemders I harde of no labor at that tyme, but yt ys novne the
Mayar of the Staple and the Felyschepe of marchauntys make
grete svte to the lordys of the Kyngys Consell, of the weche ys
lyke to be a conclesyon, and that mater schall be reformede, as
I onderstand, to more profete for the Stapyll, for the weche kepe
no money be the, for there wyll be meche lose to them that haue
meche money in there handys. I pray the beware of lose, for
I understande wyll there wyll be grete lose. Also I haue payd my
byll of xvj s. viij d. the sarplere - xlvij li. xviij s. iiij d. - and
youre byll - iiij li. xv s. x d. - and Wyll Maryons byll - ix li.
vij s. vj d. I understand that I schall [haue] anoder byll in doket
of my custom at Caleys, for the wech[e] I wolde understand befor
the comyng of the sum that I make the sayd money redy, for I love
not the scharpe callyng on at London, for I understode not ij
dayys befor I payd the byll of xvj s. viij d. to John Tate. I am not
payd of John Raynolde at the [day] nor a monythe after thys byll.
send to me as sone as ye may clere my byll of custom and payd
them schortely: I wyll understand the clerenese of my delyng and
clere my boke. I wyll Rychard Cely com Home: lette hym wat
a fayar weder, for Wyll Maryon was sore aferd for the grete myste,
and [as for d]ede at London, ys no syche fere of syche thyng as
youre moder wrote of, but in the Weste Contre ys gret. I pray
you speke to Thomas Kesten: say to hym I loke that he wyll kepe


the promyse he made to me at syche tyme as I delyuerd to [hym]
ys plate and all syche sthofe as I hade areste. I was the fryste that
relesyd my acschon and delyuerd the good the weche I hadde in
warde to hymselve. Hoder men were conten[t] be agremen[t]
agrete and sete in a waye, but I am not spoke wyt nor intrete lyke
the promyse made to me at that tyme be Thomas Kesten, for the
weche and Thomas Kesten wyll sete me in worse case of asvrete
nor be [do] toder men, he kepe not ys faythefyll promyse. I here
meche thyng sayd be hym, for the weche and I were intrete for
asvrte of a comforde of paymen[t] I code doe and say for hym, the
weche wolde be for ys profete and worschepe. I onderstand that
wyll be dyverse men that I speke wyth and spere of me the gydyng
and the desposycheon of Thomas Kesten, for the weche I wyll
ye rede all thys clase to hym. Yt be for ys worschepe to remembor
thys mater. I wryt no more to iou at thys tyme, Jhesu haue iou in
kepeyng. Wryt at London the vj day of November in grete haste.

                                      per Rychard Cely.

|Dorse: To Jorge Cely at Caleys be thys delyuer. |(Shield.)



|63.__Richard_Cely_the_younger_at_London_to_George_Cely_at_Calais.
|9_December_1479.
|p._69.


               Jhesu M=l=iiij=c= lxxix

   Ryught interly whelbelouyd brother, I recomend me wnto yow
wyth aull my harte, desyryng grehytly to heyr of your amendment
and good heyll. Informyng you at the makyng of thys owr father
and mother, brother, godfather and all owr howssowld wher in
good heyll, thankyd be God, and desywr grehytly to her of yours.
Syr, whe marwell grehytly that whe haue no wrytyng from yow.
Syn Wylliam Cely departyd whe had no letter from hym byt
whone, and that wos wryttyn at Calles heuer a cam at yow. Syr,
heyr ys Phelype Sellar ys factors come. The ton has weddyd
Phelypys dowtyr, hos name ys John Forner, and the tother ys
name ys Herry Demorres. Be the meyn of a brocar hos name ys
John Jacope, a Lombar, whe bar them on hand at the byll wos
prodeste and owr father pwt the matter in John Jakopys hand, and
he has labord for payment, and the viij day of thys present monythe
of Desembyr I ressayuyd iij=c= crowny, the qweych ar chosyn be the
brocar howt of j iiij=c=, euery crown iiij s. The Kynge payd them
euery crown at iiij s. vj d. The brocar has awardyt that I schaull
ryd to owr father into Essex and bryng a letter of hys hand to them
derectyd to you, that e may delyuer them the fardell wyth arras
that Pelype Sellar leffyt wyth you, and I schawll haue v li. for the
prodest and aull hother costys; byt the brocars parte wyl be myche,
etc. I pray yow say to them at fette the arras from you at the byll
was prodest. Syr, whe loke for yow dayly: I [pray God] send yow
a fayre passage. Syr, my Lord has wryttyn to me to cum se hym
thys Crystemas. I pwrppos to go to hym iij days afor Crysteme[s]
and be ther iiij dayes and cum agen. And e cum not to London
iiij dayes afo[r] Crystemes I pray you send me my ryng be sum
trwsty man. Owr mother lokys for the cas for the peny that e
toke mesur of. I pray Jhesu send you hydyr in sawete euer I go
to Bawlsall, for than I schawl be better besene than I am lyke. No
mor. Wrettyn at London the ix day of Decembyr.
                                per your brother,
                                   Rychard Cely.

Syr, I spake to you for hawlue a dosyn payr of Frenche glouys,
iij for men and iij fo[r] whomen.

|Dorse: Wnto my Ryught whelbelouyd brother George Cely,
merchantt [of the Esta]pell of Calles be thys dd.



|64.__Richard_Cely_the_younger_at_London_to_George_Cely_at_Bruges.
|12_December_1479.
|pp._71/72.


               Jhesu M=l=iiij=c= lxxix

   My ryught interly wheylbelouyd brother, I recommend me vnto
you as harttely as I can dewyse or thynke, thankyng God hyly of
yowr amendemente. Informynge [you] the ix=the= day of Desembyr
I ressauyd ij lettyrs from you: the tone wos wryttyn at Andwarpe
in Octobur and the tother wos wryt at Bregys the xxj day of
Nowembyr, the qweche e delyueryd to Wylliam Fawkenar to
a browhyt, on hos sowyll Jhesu haue marsy. Syr, Thomas Grawng
has wryttyn a letter to owre fadyr and informyd hws of the dysses
of the sayd Wylliam and how he has pwte the ij goshaukys in good
kepyng tyll yowr comyng to Calles. I pray Jhesu sende yow and
them hyddyr in sauete and schorttely. Ther ys a claws in your
letter that e wrate laste, trystyng to God that whe schawl be so
myry at owr mettyng that aull sorrowys schavll be forgettyn:
I treste the same. I pray you labor yowselue not to sor tyll e fynd
yoursellfe stronge, and then at e wylle come hyddyrwarde. I wolde
wryte to yow of many thyngys, byt I tryste to telle yow them
meryly be movthe. Syr, of aull Phelype Sellars matters I haue
wryttyn you in another letter, sawe I hard Herry Demorrs, that
wos Phelypys mane, say that e delyueryd to the forsayd Pelype
a letter of your hande of seche thyngys as he leuyd wyth yow, byt
thay wot not wher hyt ys. I tryst to yowr wysdome that e wyll se
to whell inow. No mor to you at thys tym, byt I pray to the


Ternyte sende yow heyll and brynge yow whell hyddyr. Wryttyn
at London the xij day of Decemby[r].
                 per yowr brother,
                    Rychard Cely, that thynke longe tyll he se yow.

|Dorse: Ther wos neuer mor game abowt ws then the[r] ys now.
I treste e wyll nat taryy longe at Calles at yow comyng eyfe ther
be any sewyr passayge.

Wnto my whelbelouyd brother George Cely, merchand of the
Estapell beyng at Bregys, thys dd.



|65.__Richard_Cely_the_younger_at_London_to_George_Cely_at_Calais.
|7_April_1480).
|pp._73/74.


               Jhesu M=l=iiij=c= iiij=xx=

   Ryugth enterly whelbelouyd brother, I recomend me harttely
onto yow, and I thanke yow for aulle kyndnes schewyd be yow
to me at yowr laste beyng heyr. Syr, whe wndyrstond be a letter
frome my godfathyr of yowr comyng to Calles, and the woll flete,
thankyd be God. Whe haue sente yow be a mane of master
Thewhaytys the whete of the wolle and sch[y]pys namys acordyng
to yowr desyr. Whe ar aull mery: my Loord has cepeyd hys
Estyrn at Sente Johnys in London and I hav[e] bene wyth hym
ther aull the tyme. He and hys howssowlde recomendys them
harttely onto yow. The morne after the wrytyng of thys howre
father departys to Awelay and [I in] to Cottyssowlde. Syr, ther is
a deuysyon fawllyn betwen owr brother Robard and sche that
schowlde a be hys wyfe, and he has geuyn hyr ower, and he
pwrpos to absente hymsellfe and com to Calles schorttly, and as
for John Rawns mater, I haue spokyn wyth the Kyngys bower,
and a sayes he has sent the syngnete to Calles, and heyr has bene
Lenarde Boys, and thay has fonde the menys at the mony schawll
be payd at Calles. Bawll ys in good plyte: he mornyd tyll he had
felleschype, and the smythe has geuyn hym a drynke for the kow,
and I haue sente hym to Awelay be Lontelay till I cwm agen. No


mor to you at thys tym. Jhesu kepe yow. Wryttyn at London the
vij day of Apryll.
                        per your brother,
                              Rychard Cely.

|Dorse: Wnto my ryught whellbelouyd brother George [Ce]ly
merchant of the Estapell beyng at Calles.



|66.__Richard_Cely_the_younger_at_London_to_George_Cely_at_Calais.
|29_April_1480.
|p._74.


               Jhesu M=l=iiij=c= iiij=xx=

   Ryught interly welbelouyd brother, I recomende me wnto yow
as tendyrly as harte con thynke, informyng yow at te makyng of
thys howre father and mother wher in good hell, and whe aull,
thankyd be God. Syr, I hawe bene in Cottyssowlde and packyd
xxix sarpellerys woll for howr father, and in the mene sesun howre
father ressauyd a letter frome yow to me derectyd, and of Lokyng_ton
a carte and a cower qwherin I haue lokyd and fwnde aulthyng
acordyng to yowr wrytyng. Howr father has payd for the kustum
v s., and Lokyngton haskys for frayte vj s. viij d. - a ys not eyt
payd. Syr, I haw bowte no felles eyt. I departe to Addyrbery te
fyrste day of May and qwen I cwme agene I wyll wryte to you mor
playnely. I pray yow seb my godfathers leter and lete hyme se yowrs.
Howr father marwwellys that he haue no wrytyng frome you.
I pray yow wryt byt for hoype in ws to a whor dyscwmfortys for
heuer, ant therfor lete ws indewer ws to plese, as Jhesu geue ws
grase to do, ho haue ws and howre good frendys [in] kepyng.
Wryttyn at London the xxix day of Aprell.
                         per yowr brother
                            Rychard Cely.

|Dorse: Syr, my Lord of Sente Jonys commende hym to you, and
thankys yow for yowr tydy[ngys], and prays you of contynewans.
He ys ryught glad of them, and he prays yow to remembyr hys
sadyllys, styropys and spwrs, and clothe for hosyn. Aull tys a[t]
thys Whytsuntyd he pray yow that hyt may be had.

Wnto my ryught whelbelouyd br[o]ther George Cely merchande
of the Estapell beyng at Calles so dd. |(Seal.)



|67.__Richard_Cely_the_younger_at_London_to_George_Cely_at_Calai.
|15_May_1480.
|pp._75/76.


               Jhesu M=l=iiij=c= iiij=xx=

   Ryught interly whellebelouyd and my syngeler good brother,
I recomend me wnto yow in as louynge whyse as harte cone


thynke, enformyng [you] at the makyng of thys howr father and
mother, my godfather Maryon, and whe awll wher in good heyll,
thankyd be the good Loord. Syr, hyt is so be grehyt labor that
the whoman that howr brother Robard whos tangyllyd wyth, sche
has made hyme a qwyetans, and sche has aull her awne good that
was browhyt to howr brothers ageyn, and aull the good that howr
brother leuyd wyth her, saue a gyrdyll of goulde wyth the bokyll
and pendawnte sylluer and gylte, and a lyttyl golde ryng wyth
a lyttyll dyamond, and a typete of damaske. Sche has awll hother
thyngys that he leuyd wyth her, and wyll haue. Syr, howr father
and mother wolde that e payd for hys bord at Calles and delyuer
hym v s. [or mor] in hys pors, and e to take a byll of hys hande of
as mwche mony as e lay houte for hyme; and whe wolde that
he wolde come to Hawelay and be ther tyll the mater be better
hessyd. Howr father thynkys he neddys not to be large of spendyng,
remembyryng aulleth[y]ng. Syr, I pray you lette hyme not se thys
letter ne tell hym note of tys end byt of the qwetans, and hy hyme
to Hawelay in as gret haste as ye can. No mor to you at tys tyme.
Jhesu kepe you. Wryttyn at London the xv day of Maye. Syr,
I pray yow send my doblet by hym, or be the nexte frend that com.
Hyt ys not for hyme to come in London eyte.
                              per yowr brother,
                                 Rychard Cely.

|Dorse: Wnto my ryught whelbelouyd brother George Cely,
merchand of the Estapell at Callys, be thys dd.



|68.__Richard_Cely_the_younger_at_London_to_George Cely
|at_Calais_or_the_mart.
|2_June_1480.
|pp._80/81.


               Jhesu M=l=iiij=c= iiij=xx=

   Ryught interly whelbelouyd and my syngeler good brother,
I recomende me wnto you in as louyng whys as hartte con thynke.
Plese hyt yow to wndyrstonde at the maky[ng] of thys howr father
and mother, my godfather Maryon and whe aull [wher] at London
in good heyll, thankyd be the good Loorde. Syr, I haue bene in
Cottyssowlde and bohut for hus xxv=c= pellys, pryse le C of xv=c=:
iij li., and of a M=l=: heuery C iij li. iij s. iiij d., and I haue payd and
a mwste pay yyth[in] thys v days in parte of p[a]yment of thes
fellys and for caryayge, xl li. and aboue, and I mwste pay to
Wylliam Mydwynter at Bartyllmewys tyd xx li., and at Hallontyd
xx li. for the forsayd fellys. Syr, I pray yow haue theys dayes in
rememerans, my powr honeste lyes ther apon. And at my com_myngys
howte of Cottyssowlde apone a schorte pwrpos howr father
has schypyd xvij sarpellerys of hys wooll that whos packyd at Nor_lache
syn Ester, and ther [ys] vj of theme myddyll, and that ys aull
the myddyll woll of that soorte. I know hyt whell, ther come not
better myddyll woll of howr father thys vij eyr; and at the next
schyppyng howr father wyll schype the remenand of good whooll
of thys sorte, and hawlle hys fellys, and so wyll I howrys. AndI haue ressauyd ij lettyrs frome you, whon of howr brother
Robarde, and therin whos of hys own hande contanyng iiij li.
starlyng payabull the iiij day of [June]. I pray God send ws good
payment, and another Edwhard Lenawllys, the qweche I do whell
wndyrston[d]. I pwrpos be the gras of God to be at Lontelays
whoddyng on Sonday next, and my godfather to. Syr, heyr ys
yowr blake hors and youer gray at London: thay ar in good plyte.


Ther ys no mane byd no mony for them, and thay stond you to
grete coste dayly. As for horsse and hawkys, I pwrpos neuer to
haue paste whon at onys. Syr, I wndyrstond be yowr wrytyng that
e haue leuyd Thomas Grayngar to be your atornay at Calles
whyll e go to the marte. I do send hym a letter, and therin the
schypys namys and the whette of howr fathers, and nwmbyr that
he schawlle ressaue hyt by, be the grasse of Jhesu, haue you in
hys blessyd kepyng. Wrytyn at London the sekund day of June.
                             Be your brother,
                                    Rychard Cely.

|Dorse: Wnto my ryught whelbelouyd brother George Cely
merchand of the Estapell at Calleys or at the marte be thys
delyuerydd.



|69.__Richard_Cely_the_younger_to_George_Cely_at_Calais.
|30_June_1480.
|pp._84/85.

               Anno Jhesu M=l=iiij=c= iiij=xx=

Ryught enterly whelbelouyd brother, I recomende [me] wnto yow
as louyngly as harte can thynke, enformyng you at the makyng of
thys hour father, mother, and whe aull wher in good [hell],
thankyd be God, and the xxvj day of thys monthe I resauyd ij
lettyrs frome you, whon to houre father another to myselue, the
qweche I do whell wndyrstone, and heyr I sende yow closyd in
thys a byll of master Rychardys hand from the Mayar of the
Estapell for the dyscharge of the xxiij s. iiij d. of the sarpler, for
xvij sarpellerys xix li. xvj s. viij d. And I feyll be your letter at the
woll schypyd at your departyng frome hens vhos not so good as
I wholde hyt had bene. Howr father whos at the packyng therof
hymselfe. I trwste to God thys wholl schaull plese you better;
and as for myddyl wool, ye haue aull that belongys to that sorte.
Syr, I haue resauyd not eyt byt xv of howr fellys, byt thay be
good. I wndyrstonde be your wrytyng that e wyl come into
Inglond schortely - I pray you kepe your porpos and whe schaull
be myrry, be Godys grase. My loorde comendys hym to you and
lokys dayly for the geyr that e promysyd to pwruay hym, and
Gladman prayse yow to purway a saddyll for hyme, sumwhat lesse
then my Loordys schall be. A lyes styll at Berwyke, and I thynke
wyl do aull thys somar. Syr, I haue ressauyd at the day whell and
trewly the iiij li. ster. of hour brother Robarde. And now the
schype heyr, byt hour father powrpos not to schype tyll hyt
be ny Myhellmas, and therfor whe wyl loke for yow dayly, and syr,
I pray yow brynge wyth yow a the rekenyng that I am indettyd
to you, and whe schaull se a way therin, be the grase of Jhesu
kepe you and bryng you into Yngelond soyn and in safete. Wryttyn
at London the laste day of Juyn.
   Syr, how father has ben dysesyd sor. I tryste hyt be byt an
avys, byt I wolde fayne that e whor her tyll he be better mendyt.
                                per you brother,
                                      Rychard Cely.

|Dorse: Wnto my ryught whelbelouyd brother George Cely,
merchand of the Estapell at Callyes be thys dd.



|70.__William_Cely_to_George_Cely_at_London.
|18._September_1487.
|pp._234-236.


              Jhesu M=l=iiij=c= iiij=xx=vij
Ryght worschyppffull syrs and my reuerent mastyrs, afftyr all dew
recomendacon precedynge I lowly recommend mee unto yowre
masterschyppys. Fyrdyrmore, plese hytt yowre mastyrschyppys to
understond that I haue receyued yowre lettyr datyd at London the
ffyrst day of September, be the tenour therof I understond yowre
mastyrschyppys hath take upp the exchaunge of John Raynold,
mercer lx li. ster., payabull the xxv day of thys month, and of
Deago Decastron, Spaynard, odyr lx li. ster., payabull the xxvj day
of the same month, the whych schall be both content at the day.
And as ffor mastyr Lowys More, Lomberd, ys payd and I hawe


the byll. Hys atorney ys a wranglyng felow: he wold non odyr
mony but Nemyng grotys, etc. Item, syr, I understond be yowre
sayd letter that yowr mastyrschyppus hath receyued noo wryttyng
from mee syns Addlynton was here, wherof I marvell, for I wrate
ij letters to yow whyle I was at Brugys, specyfying of divers matters
of Flaunders. The ton was sent from Calles be Jamus Jarfford,
mercer; the toder be Peryman, packer of clyfte wullys. He ys logyd
at the Crosse Keye. Syr, I hawe ben at Calles thys ix days, and
abowte the latter end of thys weke I purpose to Brugyswardde
agayne, and I leue Thomas Colton and Roberd Hubberd atorneys
tyll I com, and I schall leve wyth Thomas Colton vj li. fl for
yowre mastyrschypp yff ye com, and as for yowre black box,
I leve hytt wyth Thomas Graunger. Syr, as for goyng ynto
Flaundyrs, ys goode inowthe as yett, but all the jebardy ys yn
comyng home, for and yf owre men of war take ther ffyscher, as
I ffeyr they wyll, ther wyll be many Englyschemen stoppyd yn
Flaunders; and allsoo the towne of Donkyrk ys nott content, and
that wee schall well know yff soo be that they mete wyth any
merchauntys of substaunce. And syr, as for a lettyr of atorney
under the Stappell sell, I can hawe no wythowte I bryng a letter
of atorney from yowrys mastyrschyppys owte of Ynglond, for
yowre mastyrschyp hath ben at Calles diuersse tymes syns I was
entryd yowre atorney, wherffor yowre presens hath deffetyd that
entre; and a letter of atorney ys nedffull now at thys tym[e].
Item, syr receyued of John Saunders a letter wheryn
enclossyd ij letters of payment, on of Benyngne Decason derectyd
to Gabryell Desurle and Peter Sauly, Genovo[ise], conteynyng
lx li. ster. Item, anoder letter of Jacob Van De Base derectyd to
Anthony Corsy and Marcus Strossy, Spaynearddys, conteynyng
xxix li. xix s. iiij d. ster., etd. Item, syr, yowre wull ys awarddyd
be the sarpler that I cast owte last, etc. Item, syr, thys same day
yowre mastyrschypp ys alectyd and poyntyd here b[e] the courtt
oon of the xxviij the whych schall asyste the Mayer of t[he]
Stappell now at thys parliament tyme, wheresomeuer hytt be
holden, and to labore serten matters for the Place wherof ys
ynstructons sent to the Mayer be wryttyng, etc. Item, syr, I send
yow enclossyd yn thys letter a byll of the copy of John Delowppys
boke of syche parcellys as he sayth  he hath payd, to see yff yowre


rekenyng and hys agree, etc. No more vnto yowre mastyrschypp at
thys, but allmyghty Jhesu preserue yow. Wrytten at Calles the
xviij jour de September.
                      per yowre seruaunte,
                             Wylliam Cely.

To my ryght worschyppffull mastyr George Cely, merchaunte of
the Stappell of Calles at London yn Martt Lane, soyt dd. |(Shield.)



|71.__William_Cely_to Richard_and_George_Cely_at_London.
|29_October_1487.
|pp._236/37.


              Jhesu M=l=iiij=c= iiij=xx=vij

Ryght worschyppffull syrs and my reuerent mastyrs, afftyr all dew
recommendacon precedyng I lowly recommend mee vnto yowr
mastyrschyppys. Fyrdyr, plese hytt yowre mastyrschyppys to
vnderstond that the worlde ys here nowe very caswell, for ther
ys many wayns laden wyth Englyschemennys gooddys now arestyd
at ostend and at oder dyuersse placys, and noo gooddys maye
passe throw as yett noo ways; for Englyschemen hath taken many
of ther fyschermen, whych causeth here a grett rombur. But wee
vnderstond as many as hath sengler safcondutys, ther gooddys
schall be delyuerd and lett passe throw; but as ffor the generall,
they wyll nott obeye, ffor they anull hytt, sayinge that the Englysche
schyppys fforffetyd hytt when they departyd owte of Selond, they
beynge under arest. Wherffor the generall standyth yn non affecte,
and soo many as be here havynge no sengler safcondute ar yn
jeberdy. Wherffor syr, I pray yow [at] I may hawe yn as goodely
hast as may be yowr letter atorney under seall autetyc, that I maye
be yn asewerte be te menys of yowre safcondute as yowre
aturney, for safcondutys ar now put yn vre, etc. Item, [syr], as
ffor yowr mony I hawe made over as yett but xxx li. ster. wyth
John Etwell, mercer, at a xj s. and iij monthys. Thys rombur
causyth that noo man dar charge here no more as yett. And as ffor
heryng, I hawe ben at dam diuersse tymes; the rone ys at ix li
xs and yett non to gett yn regard, but ther ys wrack inowgth, and
viij li. the last. And soo ther ys a schypp at sclewce that goyth to
to Calles callyd Rumbold Wylliamson, whereyn I hawe leyd [yow]


iiij last heryng, iij wrach and on roone. The wrack cost viij li. and
the rone ix li, the whych I trust to God schall come ffull well to
Calles for Syr Jamus Tyrrell hath gooddys yn the same schyppe,
etc. Item, syr, ther ys a grett rombur at Gaunt; the cheyff of the
town be com and fled to Brugys: I ffere mee Gaunte wyll be
Frensche schortly, etc. No more unto yowre masterschyppys at
thys tyme, but allmyght Jhesu preserue yow. Wrytten at Brugys
the xxix day of October.
                       per yowr seruaunt,
                             Wylliam Cely.

|Dorse: To my ryght worshyppffull mastyrs Rechard and George
Cely, merchauntys of the Stappell at Calles, at London yn Marte
Lane, soyt dd. |(Shield.)

|Written_sideways_along_the_page: Syr I haue receyued noo lettyr
from yow syns your partyng hens, wherffor I beseche to wryte
mee yowr [plesur in that] behalve, etc.



|72.__William_Cely_to_Richard_and_George_Cely
|at_London
|19_November_1487.
|pp._237/38.


              Jhesu M=l=iiij=c= iiij=xx=vij
Ryght worschyppffull syrs and my reuerent mastyrs, afftyr all dew
recommendacon precedynge I louly recommend mee vnto yowr
mastyrschyppis. Fyrddyrmore, plese hytt yowre mastyrschyppis
to vnderstond that I am commvn to Calles yn saffte, thancked be
allmyghty Godd, for I was never yn soo grett jebardy comyng owte
of Flaunddyrs yn my lyeffe, ffor men a warre lyinge be the waye
waytynge for Englyschemen; and allsoo I and my cumpany was
arestyd ij days at Dunckyrke, but ffor Syr Jamus Tyrrellys sake
wee were lett go. And soo, syr, the world goyth marvyllyusly yn
Flaunddyrs now, for hytt ys open warre betwyxte Gaunte and the
Kynge of Romayns, etc. Syr, as ffor makyng over of yowre mony,
syns thys trubbull began I cowde nott make over a peny, savyng
an xlviij li. ster., wherof I schall send yow the byllys at the nexte
passage. But syr, John delowppis schewyd mee at my departyng
that I schuld wryte unto yowr mastyrschyppis to vnderstond


wheder there schall be any jebardy to brynge warys owte of the
Est partyes ynto Ynglond now ffro hensforth or nott, as he sup_posyth
that that acte of e contrary schall be put yn susspence
for dyuersse causys; wherffor, syr, he avysyth yow to bestowe yowre
mony yn grosse warys now betymys at is Barow martt; yn syche
warys as yowre mastyrschyppis thynckyth wyll be best at London,
wheder hytt be in madder, wax or ffustyans, but I trow madder be
best. And soo be that ye wyll, Gomers De Sore schall bye hytt for
your mastyrschyppis and schyppyd hytt yn Spaynysche schyppis
yn his owne name, ffor John Delowppis and hee ar purposyd to
bye myche madder to send ynto Ynglond. And yff soo be that [hit]
ffallyth to pesse, ther wyll be goode doon uppon madder yf hytt
be bowght betymes, and John Delowppis sayth, yff yowr mastyr_schyppis
wyll he wull bestowe yowre mony as well as hys owne,
and he sayth that that ys the best ways to make over yowre mony,
for the exchaunge ys ryght nowgt, etc. No more vnto yowre
mastyrschyppis at thys tyme, but allmyghty Jhesu preserue yow.
Wrytten at Calles the xix day of November.
                          per yowre seruaunte,
                                  Wylliam Cely.


|Dorse: To my ryght worshyppffull mastyrs Rechard and George
Cely, merchauntys of the Stappell off Calles, at London yn Marte
Lane, soyt dd. |(Shield.)



|73.__William_Cely_to Richard_and_George_Cely
|at_London.
|12_September_1487.
|pp._232-234.


              Jhesu M=l=iiij=c= iiij=xx=vij

Ryght worschyppfful syrs and my reuerent mastyrs, aftyr all dew
recommendacon precedyng I lowly recommend mee unto yowre
mastyrschyppys. Fyrdyr, plese hytt yowre mastyrschyppys to
understond that I hawe receyued of John Delowppys uppon pay_ment
of the byll the whych yee sent me be Adlyngton, but iij=c= li.
fl, wherof I hawe payd to Guyott Strabant iiij=xx=iiij li. vj s. vj d. Fl.
Item, I haue made yow ower be exchaunge wyth Benyngne
Decasonn, Lomberd, and Ciiij=xx= nobullys sterlyng, payabull at
usaunce. I delyuverd hit at a xj s. ij d. ob. Fl. le nobull: hit amountys
C li. xvij s. vj d. Fl. Item I hawe made yowre ower be exchaunge
yn lyke wyse wyth Jacob Van De Base iiij=xx=ix nobullys and vj s.
ster. payabull at London at usaunce yn lyke wyse. I delyerd hit
at a xj s. ij d. Fl. for euery nobull ster: hit amontys Fl. l li. Fl. And
the rest of yowr iij=c= li. remayns styll by me, ffor I can make yow
over no more at thys ceson, for here [is] no moo that wyll take any
mony as yett. And mony goyth now vppon the Bursse at a xj s.
iij d. ob. the nobull, and non odyr mony but Nenyng grotys,


crownys, Andrew gylders and Reynysche gylders, and the ex_chaunge
goyth euer the lenger warsse and wars. Item syr, I send
yow enclossyd yn thys sayd letter the ij ffyrst letters of payment
of the exchaunge above wrytten: Benyngne Decasons letter ys
derectyd to Gabryell Desuyr and Petyr Sauly, Geneways, and
Jacob Van De Base ys derectyd to Anthony Corsy and Marcus
Strossy, Spaynard -- yn Lomberd Strete yee schall here of them,
etc. Item, syr, John Lowppys long sore afftyr yowre comyng that
he myght make a bergeyne wyth yow for yowre wullys. He de_syryth
to hawe ij sarppllerys to prove hytt bye tyll yowre mastyr_schyppys
come. He sayth yee schall be to ffar owte of the weye
wythowte yee gree and bargeyne togeder. Syr, hytt ys well don
that ye take yowre markett betyme for diuersse consederacons,
etc; allsoo the margett wax very slacke here, ettc. Item, syr, plese
hytt yowre mastyrschyppys to understond that I hawe sold yowre
ffellys to Jacob Gyesbryghtson and John Doo of Dellfe: sum vij=c=
fellys - the rest [be] reffewce -- prys le C, nobullys v s. ster.,
sum xxxix li. [j s. viij d.]; the whych to be payd be a byll of ther
handdys yn thys Bam[mys mart]. Item, syr as tochyng the iij=c= li.
Fl. receyued be me now of Joh[n Lowpys], I hawe wrytten hytt
vppon the byll and hath the byll bye mee sty[ll]; howbe [hitt] John
sayth be hys boke thys byll ys payd owte and mor to, ffor
he saythe ther was payd yow yn Ynglond be Allvard vppon the
same byll the vj day of Apryll, Clvj li. xvij s. vj d. Fl., besyde the
l li. sterlyng take upp off Alverd at x s. ix d.; but [he sayth] at
yowre comyng yee and he schall clere that rekenyng. And syr,
I promysyd hym to a delyuerd hym ij sarppllerys of [your] wull tyll
yowr comyng, and he schuld make mee a byll payabull at yowre
plessyrs for the same at the pryce of that Place. But syr, I cannott
hawe yowre wull yett awarddyd, for I hawe doo cast owte a sarpler
the [whych] ys poyntyd be the Lefftenaunte to be casten owte to
wardd the sortte bye, as the ordenaunce ys now made that the
Lefftenaunte schall poynt the warddyng sarppllerys of euery mans
wull; the whych sarpler that I hawe caste owte ys No xxiiij, and
theryn ys ffound be Wylliam Smyth, paker, a lx myddyll fflessys,
and hytt ys a very gruff wull, and soo I hawe causyd Wylliam
Smyth preuely to cast owte anoder sarpler. No. viiij, and packyd
upp the wull of the fyrst sarpler yn the sarpler of No. viij, for thys


last sarpler ys ffayr wull inowth. And therffor Ie muste vnder_stond
how many be of that sortte and the nombyr of them, for
they muste be pakkyd agayne. Hytt ys a very redd leyr and grett
flesys, etc. Item, syr, yff yowre mastyrschyppys hawe payd yowre
marke of the sarpler, I pray yow sendb mee the waraunt from the
solyster, that hytt myght be deductyd uppon yowre costom and
subsede [here], etc. No more unto yowre mastyrschyppys at thys
tyme, but allmyghty Jhesu preserue and kepe yow and all yowrys
long yn goode helth and prossperyte, for allmyghty God vesettythe
sore here yn Calles and the marchys wyth thys grett plage off
syckness that raynyth, I beseche of hys mercy to serce hytt.
Wrytten at Calles the xij jour de September.
                                  be yowre seruaunte,
                                             Wylliam Cely.

Syr, the brynger of thys letter ys John Saunders.

|Dorse: To my ryght worschyppffull mastyrs Rechard and George
Cely, merchauntys of the Stappell of Calles, at London yn Mart
Lane, soytt dd. |(Shield.)



|74.__William_Cely_to_Richard_and_George_Cely
|at_London.
|13_August_1482.
|pp._167/68.


              Jhesu M=l=iiij=c=iiij=xx=ij

Ryght worshyppffull masters, after dew recommendaschon I louly
recommend me vnto yowre masterschyppys. Furdermore, plese
hit yowre masterschyppys to understond that thys day I receyed
an letter ffrom yowre masterschyppys whereyn ys wrytten the
nombyr and poyse off yowre wull and the tale off yowre ffelys
whych ye hawe schyppyd at London yn thys fflete, and the namys
off euery schypp, etc. Item syrs, I understond be the sayd letter
that yowre masterschyppys woll hawe yowre wull howssyd yn
yowre wulhowsse be the Est Wache Howsse, and yowre ffelys
yn yowre howsse be Sent Nycolas Chyrche, whych at the ryvyng
alond shall be howssyd aCordyng, etc. Furdermore, plese hytt
yowre masterschyppys to understond that master Lefftenaunt and
dyuersse off the Felleschypp hathe hadd commenyng wyth my
Lordd Chamberleyn and the Kyngys Conssell ffor the payment
off thys hallffe erys wagys, and I vnderstond they wull be payd
at xxvj s. viiij d. ffor the pownd, and they wull hawe noo noder
money than Nemyng grotys at iiij d. ob le styc. Syr, I vnderstond
the goode that comys nowe ffrom London and Ypyswyche most
paye partt off the same payment. Syr, hytt woll be a schrode losse
to receyue the Nemyng grotys at v d. and paye hytt yn [to e
Place]
at iiij d. ob, etc. Item, syr, plese hytt yow to understond that
I am ott payd ffor non off yowre warauntys of xv s. off the pownd,
nott yett, but hytt ys commaundyd be courtt that euery man that
hath any warantys off xv s. off the pownde moste be browght ynto
the cowrt the nexte courte day, and there the court to ffynde syche
menes that all the warauntys schall be payd owte, etc. Syr, as ffor
8tydyngys, we hawe non here ffor very sarten, but that the Frensche_men
lyeth styll yn garysons apon the borders, and gadryth and
encresyth dayly, as hytt ys sayd; and as ffor the Dewke off Bor_gayne,
hytt was sayd he was a thys syde Ypur wyth a grett ost off
men, and schuld a be at Sent Tomers or thys tyme, but we here
nott off hym yett - som men sey he ys gon backe agayne, etc. No
more vnto yowre masterschyppys at thys tyme, but Jhesu kepe
yow. Wrytten at Calles the xiij day off Auguste.
                        per yowre seruaunt,
                           Wylliam Cely.

|Dorse: To my ryght worschyppffull masters Rechard and George Cely,
merchauntes of the Stappell off Calles at London yn Mart Lane,
soo hit dd. |(Shield.)

|{end_of_corpus_letters_15}
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7  
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7>  {>  >  >  B?  ?  ?  
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@  
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C  KC                                                              <
KC  MC  OC  C  C  
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E  ME                                                              <
ME  E  E  F  OF  F  F  G  MG  G  G                                                              <
G  
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ZI  \I  }I  I  I  I  I  J  J  BJ  J                                                              <
J  J  J  BK  }K  K  K  6L  sL  L  L                                                              <
L  ;M  |M  M  N  ;N  |N  N  N  9O  {O                                                              <
{O  O  O  :P  {P  P  P  P  P  CQ  Q                                                              <
Q  Q  Q  BR  ~R  R  R  ;S  zS  S  S                                                              <
S  S  T  IT  }T  T  T  T  T  T  T                                                              <
T  (U  *U  ZU  nU  pU  U  U  %V  `V  V                                                              <
V  V  W  RW  W  W  X  SX  X  X  Y                                                              <
Y  OY  Y  Y  
Z  JZ  Z  Z  Z  <[  ~[                                                              <
~[  [  [  [  \  ?\  \  \  ]  F]  b]                                                              <
b]  d]  f]  h]  ]  ]  ]  ]  ^  ^  C^                                                              <
C^  ^  ^   _  A_  _  _  `  B`  `  `                                                              <
`  `  8a  wa  a  a  5b  <b  >b  @b  Bb                                                              <
Bb  ^b  b  b  b  b  b  !c  gc  ic  kc                                                              <
kc  c  c  d  cd  d  d  e  Be  e  e                                                              <
e  f  Lf  f  f  f  f  f  f  f  f                                                              <
f  Bg  Dg  jg  g  g  *h  jh  h  h  'i                                                              <
'i  di  i  i  #j  bj  j  j  !k  ak  k                                                              <
k  k  &l  gl  l  l  "m  cm  m  m  m                                                              <
m  m  0n  in  n  n  $o  co  o  o   p                                                              <
 p  ]p  tp  p  p  p  p  p  q  +q  Uq                                                              <
Uq  Wq  q  q  q  q  ,r  gr  r  r  ,s                                                              <
,s  is  s  s  s  s  6t  wt  t  t  Au                                                              <
Au  u  u   v  Bv  v  v  v  8w  hw  jw                                                              <
jw  lw  nw  w  w  w  w  w  !x  Ax  Cx                                                              <
Cx  x  x  y  Iy  y  y  z  Qz  z  z                                                              <
z  
{  K{  {  {  
|  $|  Y|  |  |  |                                                              <
|  |  |  |  |  	}  '}  )}  f}  }  }                                                              <
}  "~  _~  ~  ~    \        V                                                              <
V    ׀    L  N  P    ʁ  	  G                                                              <
G    ʂ  
  J    ʃ  
  K  y                                                                <
    <                4                                                              <
4  D  ]  _    φ  ц    R    Ǉ                                                              <
Ǉ    F    È     D      ։                                                                <
  R    Ԋ    R  x      =  {                                                              <
{      7  9  ;  x      <  v                                                              <
v        5  7  9  ;  ~                                                                  <
    ď    @         D                                                                  <
    :  {      >  {      >                                                              <
>            ?        B                                                              <
B        >  u  w  y  {    ̗                                                              <
̗      &  `        g    ߙ                                                              <
ߙ  #  b      $  e        5                                                              <
5  V        ؜  y ڜ  ܜ  ޜ    +                                                              <
+  >  @  B  ~      1  q                                                                  <
  1  j      2  u      4  x                                                              <
x      4  ~      2  [                                                                  <
      ȣ        
  H                                                                  <
     @  |      0  i      "                                                              <
"  e      $  d        U                                                                <
  ѩ    N    ˪  
      Q                                                                <
  ʫ  
  G    ɬ    I    ŭ                                                                <
  @        ;  t        ]                                                              <
]    ݰ    W    ̱    G                                                                  <
    >  x         T    ۴                                                                <
  [    ص  ڵ  ܵ    Y    ض                                                                <
  S    Ƿ  
  T        Ҹ  Ը                                                              <
Ը  ָ  ظ    .  K  M    ɹ    E                                                              <
E         >  y      7  u                                                                <
    *  i          +  f                                                                <
    #  a        Y                                                                    <
          .  Q  S                                                                    <
  L        C  {      7  w                                                              <
w      .  q      -  g                                                                  <
            >  Z  \                                                                  <
  
  L      
  E        >                                                              <
>  y      4  p      *  O  Q                                                              <
Q  S  U  w          A  |                                                                <
    1  t      "  $  &  d                                                                <
      Z        Q                                                                    <
        
  -  J  L                                                                    <
  E  {      @  u      6  y                                                              <
y      0  2  4  6  ]  {                                                                  <
      D        ;                                                                    <
  6  t      2  m      ,  h                                                              <
h         ^  `  b        
                                                              <

      0  Y  [  p  r                                                                    <
  
  :  m      
      D  y                                                              <
y        G          H  x                                                              <
x        M          O                                                                <
        P          Z                                                                <
      .  a             4                                                              <
4  j        :  m        <                                                              <
<  r      
  H  v        I                                                              <
I  {        J        /  [                                                              <
[        6  8  :  j                                                                    <
  ?  v        E                                                                      <
  J  }        H  |                                                                    <
  J  ~        Q        )                                                              <
)  V            .  e                                                                  <
    8  n      
  =  q                                                                  <
    F  x        C  w                                                                  <
    .  c  p  r  t  v                                                                    <
      ;  k         4  i                                                                <
      K        (  e                                                                  <
  
  B  y  {  }       = ?                                                             <
? A C o q     ) Y                                                             <
Y      ! T                                                                <
 " V    % Y                                                                <
 + f    ; u                                                                <
 = ~   	 L	 	 	 	 "
                                                             <
"
 L
 
 
 
 
 
 ' \                                                               <
  = i    
 4
 h
 
 
                                                             <

  ; n    H |                                                               <
  T    ) [                                                                <
 / 1 3 k    J                                                               <
   W    6 j                                                               <
  G }      " $ &                                                             <
& a         L                                                             <
L     W    - ]                                                             <
]    < q    S                                                              <
     % `    /                                                             <
/ `    = t     L                                                              <
L        !! U! ! ! ! 0" g"                                                             <
g" " " 	# ?# w# # # $ N$ $                                                             <
$ $ $ $ $ #% 2% 4% 6% 8% r%                                                             <
r% % % % % =& |& & & ' G'                                                             <
G' ' ' ( ( 	( M( ( ( ) X)                                                             <
X) ) ) * ^* * * + Z+ + +                                                             <
+ (, d, f, h, j, , , , , -                                                             <
- S- U- W- - -  . `. . . $/                                                             <
$/ l/ / / '0 f0 0 0 -1 q1 1                                                             <
1 1 .2 t2 2 2 <3 3 3 4 J4                                                             <
J4 4 4 5 P5 5 5 5 5 6 Z6                                                             <
Z6 6 6 7 ]7 7 7 +8 x8 8 8                                                             <
8 .9 q9 9 9 6: y: : : ?; ;                                                             <
; ; < E< < < = C= = = 	>                                                             <
	> > 
> M> > > ? T? ? ? @                                                             <
@ d@ @ @ A ZA A A B VB B                                                             <
B B !C dC C C $D dD D D .E                                                             <
.E nE E E 9F ;F =F }F F G 7G                                                             <
7G yG G G 7H `H bH dH fH H H                                                             <
H H H #I fI I I *J oJ J J                                                             <
J J J ;K K K  L CL L L M                                                             <
M NM M M N RN N N O O DO                                                             <
DO FO HO JO vO O O O 5P wP P                                                             <
P Q DQ FQ HQ Q Q R NR R R                                                             <
R S JS S S T WT T T U TU                                                             <
TU U U !V fV V V /W mW W W                                                             <
W 1X sX X X ;Y Y Y 	Z Z 
Z                                                             <

Z OZ Z Z Z Z Z Z [ [  [                                                             <
 [ ][ r[ t[ [ [ /\ e\ \ \ "]                                                             <
"] d] ] ] &^ g^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ._                                                             <
._ n_ _ _ $` c` ` ` !a [a na                                                             <
na a a a a a b b b \b b                                                             <
b b b c Dc c c 	d d 
d Ld                                                             <
Ld d d d e ]e e e f Wf f                                                             <
f f f g g g g Og lg g g                                                             <
g g g g g ,h hh h h i Vi                                                             <
Vi i i i .j fj j j $k dk k                                                             <
k k k k 'l hl l l #m bm m                                                             <
m m m n n n n Nn bn zn |n                                                             <
|n ~n n n 1o po o o *p fp p                                                             <
p p q Mq q q r Fr r r r                                                             <
r r 8s ts s s t +t -t /t 1t                                                             <
1t ~t t t t t u \u u u v                                                             <
v Iv v v w Gw w w w 9x vx                                                             <
vx x x 4y ly y y +z iz z z                                                             <
z  { ^{ { { | W| | | } O}                                                             <
O} Q} S} } } ~ H~ ~ ~ 	 H                                                             <
H    ? |  ΀ Ѐ Ҁ Ԁ                                                             <
Ԁ  2 S q s u   ' c                                                             <
c    a c e   " Z                                                             <
Z      ߄                                                                 <
 ]    ]  ۆ ݆ ߆                                                              <
 [  ԇ  P  ƈ  B                                                              <
   : w   1 m                                                               <
 + g    ; e g  ɍ                                                             <
ɍ ˍ ͍ ύ  " @ B                                                                <
 6 8 : v   3 r                                                                <
  7 w   ( f    ^                                                             <
^    Y  Ԕ  M  ʕ                                                             <
ʕ  C J L N P y                                                                <
    R  ϗ  T  Ԙ                                                             <
Ԙ  - k   + n                                                                <
 @    9 x   3 r                                                             <
r  ҝ    V _                                                                <
   Ǟ     5 B D                                                             <
D y   2 o   + l                                                              <
  ) l   / h   "                                                             <
" c ~   : v                                                                 <
 7 {   : z   9 w                                                             <
w   9 {   8 w                                                               <
  = x     Ӭ 
 G                                                             <
G  ǭ  K  ˮ ͮ Ϯ  R                                                             <
R  ϯ  T  ְ  Y                                                               <
  ± ı    # % f h                                                             <
h   $ ^    X  ٴ                                                             <
ٴ 	 R  ̵  N  Ķ  <                                                             <
< > @ |   ?    :                                                             <
: y   $ c   & e                                                              <
  " e  Ѽ   K M O                                                             <
O Q z     Խ   :                                                             <
: v   7 G    =                                                              <
   @    A                                                                <
  X    T    G                                                             <
G     	 I    F                                                             <
F    B t v x z                                                               <
      3 p   4                                                             <
4 v    J    B                                                              <
   F H J    A                                                              <
    < y   @                                                                <
 ! ]    T    D                                                             <
D ~   : {    J                                                              <
   0 2 4 6 _ s                                                               <
      9 y   8                                                             <
8 x   ; z   7 I                                                              <
   J    J                                                                <
 F    D T                                                                 <
  \    ! b                                                                <
 _    X b   ) j                                                             <
j   + h    : x                                                              <
  ' `      " 9                                                             <
9 ; = {   7 r                                                                <
 a   
 F ~   . v                                                             <
v   1 n   * h                                                               <
 ! ` b d    [                                                               <
  > y   . l                                                                <
 T    G     ?                                                             <
? W Y [ ]                                                                   <
  Y    V   
 E                                                             <
E      ;    4                                                             <
4 w   1 t   . n                                                              <
    ^    @ {                                                               <
 * O     / j                                                               <
 #  a       Z                                                                 <
  Q    D    @                                                             <
@ {   9 o      W                                                             <
W        8 : K                                                             <
K M l     A                                                                <
  	 U	 	 	 	 +
 p
 
 
                                                             <

  ^   9 X Z                                                                <
      
 
 X
 
 
                                                             <

 $ h        [                                                             <
[   . y   R   +                                                             <
+ p   @    Y                                                               <
 $ g    ]    .                                                             <
. 0 s                                                                     <
   D    [   1                                                             <
1 t   F    Y                                                               <
  a w     8 q s                                                             <
s u w      
  N                                                                <
    ! ]! ! ! #" g" " " 0#                                                             <
0# r# # # H$ $ $ % c% % %                                                             <
% 2& v& & ' I' ' ' ( [( (                                                             <
( ( #) g) ) ) ) ) 9* z* *                                                             <
* + I+ + + , Z, , , )- k-                                                             <
k- - . J. . . / a/ / / /                                                             <
/ ;0 i0 0 0 0 0  1 1 1 41                                                             <
41 =1 ?1 Q1 S1 1 1 $2 e2 2 2                                                             <
2 .3 n3 3 3 A4 4 4 5 \5 5                                                             <
5 5 (6 p6 6 7 O7 7 7 *8 k8                                                             <
k8 8 8 8 9 79 99 ;9 =9 m9 z9                                                             <
z9 |9 9 9 9 8: : : : : ;                                                             <
; h; ; ; 6< < < = U= = =                                                             <
= &> i> > > =? ? ? @ Y@ @                                                             <
@ @ %A lA A A BB B B C 7C                                                             <
7C C C C C =D OD QD SD UD WD                                                             <
WD D D D D D D 9E {E E E                                                             <
E >F F F G G G GG G G H                                                             <
H CH H H I AI wI I I 2J sJ                                                             <
sJ J J K K hK vK xK zK |K K                                                             <
K K K K K K 7L }L L M AM                                                             <
AM M M M @N N N N O O EO                                                             <
EO O O P ZP P P &Q kQ Q Q                                                             <
Q R 7R 9R ~R R R R R R R                                                             <
R R S S FS S S 
T GT T T                                                             <
T U OU U U U U U U V V                                                             <
V V !V KV V V W VW W W X                                                             <
X ZX X X Y \Y Y Y Z aZ Z                                                             <
Z Z ([ g[ [ [ (\ j\ \ \ 1]                                                             <
1] q] ] ] ^ 4^ 6^ |^ ~^ ^ ^                                                             <
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ 
_ _ Q_ _ _                                                             <
_ ` [` ` ` $a ea a a &b gb                                                             <
gb b b +c mc c c c d d d                                                             <
d d Td dd md od d d d $e de                                                             <
de e e f cf f f -g rg g g                                                             <
g 2h uh h h <i wi yi i i i                                                             <
i i i j j j =j ?j j j k                                                             <
k k k Ik k k l Bl l l m                                                             <
m Fm m m 	n Jn n n o To o                                                             <
o o o  p =p ?p Ap Cp {p p p                                                             <
p p p p p q Qq q q r Ur                                                             <
Ur r r s cs s s s s 1t pt                                                             <
pt t t 3u Fu wu yu u u u u                                                             <
u u v $v Kv Mv Ov yv {v v w                                                             <
w Gw w w x Bx x x y By y                                                             <
y y y >z z z { @{ { { 
|                                                             <

| R| | | } \} } }  ~ \~ ~                                                             <
~ ~   a c e   + f                                                              <
  ( j   , n   1                                                             <
1 q s       5 H                                                             <
H Q S U }    ? }                                                              <
  7 w   - j   5                                                             <
5 x   C  Ή  T  Պ                                                             <
Պ  S  ҋ  F y                                                                <
   K ~    ȍ ܍                                                              <
     W  ؎  W                                                              <
 Џ  U  Ӑ  T  ޑ                                                              <
 [  ے  a                                                                  <
 * o q     H l n                                                             <
n p r  Ǖ ԕ ֕ ؕ   D                                                             <
D    < |   . l                                                              <
  ' h   ( j                                                                <
  . B m   כ                                                                <
  L ] f h j   ֜                                                              <
 U  ֝  Y  ݞ  `                                                              <
  ! c  ˠ  ! # a                                                              <
 ޡ ! S U  ¢ Ģ Ƣ Ȣ                                                              <
  ' ) + V X  ѣ ӣ գ                                                             <
գ  S  Ҥ  S  ԥ  W                                                             <
W  ߦ  Z   % h                                                               <
  F v x      !                                                             <
! : I V X Z   Ī  G                                                             <
G  ƫ 
 X  ׬  [  ׭                                                             <
׭   `   $  ޯ ! `                                                              <
 ڰ     ]  ޱ  \                                                              <
 ܲ  I | ~                                                                   <
  @ P ] _   д  N                                                             <
N  ͵  G  ڶ  X  ۷                                                             <
۷  W  ո  S  ع  U                                                             <
U  ֺ  X z   0 e g                                                             <
g  Ѽ Ӽ ռ ׼   * , .                                                             <
. [  ؽ  Z  پ  _                                                              <
 ܿ ޿   ]   & e                                                              <
  ( f    ]                                                                <
 Z    X    P                                                              <
  
 T    S                                                                <
 \ ^ `    & R T                                                              <
      * 8 : < i                                                             <
i k   # c    ^                                                              <
  ( j   - r   -                                                             <
- k   1 w     F                                                             <
F    D      4                                                             <
4 u     ; = ? A p                                                             <
p |       L                                                               <
 
 N    L    Q                                                             <
Q      R    Y                                                             <
Y    Z    Z                                                               <
  1 b d f                                                                  <
  6 C X g i k                                                                <
  Q    V   $ g                                                             <
g   9 ~     @ y                                                             <
y   6 q   5 z                                                               <
 / u   <    I                                                              <
  	 N    U                                                                <
 Y    ]     (                                                             <
( i   * j   , j                                                              <
   
 @ B                                                                  <
    1 ? A C n p                                                              <
  + h   * e                                                                <
 \    W    W _                                                             <
_   & h   ; v                                                               <
 9 z    @ B                                                                <
                      B                                                                <D 
     
    +$  0  ,;  H  6T  ^  &i  t  W          I  x    g    -    B   $ *0 > xJ oW a %l v g I ԗ   c    I  U   8# 0 < H R ^ 6i ms ~ ӊ   b г \    l  ~      ?      ?      ?            >                  ?     	 =     
 >      ?      =     
 7      5      ?      =      5      B      9      6      2            2      2      6            E      D      C      B      =       >     ! 7     " 8     #      $ ?     % 9     & B     ' ?     ( C     ) >     *      + A     , ;     -      . E     /      0 F     1 	     2 D     3 6     4      5 B     6      7      8      9 ?     :      ; A     <      = 
     >      ? -     @ :     A 7     B >     C A     D            (       07.14.9705.11.97~ 