»PUBLISHED WEEKLY

»TRADESMAN  COMPANY, PUBLISHERS]

w

51 PER YEAR

GRAND RAPIDS, WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 6,1899.

Number 833

Remember we issue  Catalogues 
in  all  of our  departments:

Volume XVII.

If  You  Want

Three 

Vi  f

I

Swell 
Lamps

buy our No.  900  Assort­
ment,  three  styles  in 
one package.

Crockery
Glassware
Lamps
Fancy
Goods.

If  you  are 
interested,  we  would 
like  your  name  on  our  m ailing  list.

No.  855.

Decorated  with  Bowers  on  light  cloud - 
tinted ground.  Has  10-inch Globe and  No.
2 Royal Center Draft Burner.

No, 900—Original Aasorted  Package o! Fancy Parlor Lamps.

1  No. 830 Lamp, complete................................................................................................t   ^ 75
3 75
4 5°
1  109 90

i  No. 855 Lamp, complete............................................................................. ............ . 
i  No. 865 Lamp,  complete 

Less  10 per  cent...................................................................................  

 

.................................................................................. 

8  11  00

Package, no charge.

No.  865.

In  dark  brown  color  effect  decoration, 
with richly contrasting floral.  Has  10- 
Inch  globe  and  No.  2  Royal  Center 
Draft Burner.

42-44  Lake Street, 

Chicago.

No.  830.

Complete  with  9-inch  Globe  and  No. 
a Royal Center Draft Burner.

J A

We sell to

dealers only

ON  TOP  OF  THE  HEAP

That’s where we all want  to  be  and  that’s  where  you  will  be, as far as your 
cigar  trade  is concerned,  if- you deal with us.

We have the  largest  and  best  line  of  cigars in the  country— the kind 
it pays to sell—the kind that put you  on  top  of  the heap.  They  don’t cost  a 
cent  more than the unknown, unpopular brands.  Better send in a trial order.

PHELPS,  BRACE  &  Co.,

THE  LARGEST  CIGAR  DEALERS  IN  THE  MIDDLE  WEST.

F.  E.  BUSHMAN.  Manager.

S A M P L E  F U R N IT U R E  A T  R E T A IL

F iv e  
W e   pay  the-freight  on  every  article  we  send  out  and  return  your  m oney  without  question  if  the  goods  are  not  satisfactory  in  every  way. 
specim en  values  here 
they  give  a  partial  idea  only  of  our  scope— we  handle  everything  in  the  line  of  furniture.  Send  for  our  catalogue— or 
better  still— com e  in  and  see  us  O ur  furniture  is  adorning  m any  of  the  finest  homes  in  G rand  R apids,  Detroit  and  C hicago— w hy  not yours?

This  brass-trimmed  bed,  full 
size, bow  toot.  Actual  value, 
$10, our price, $7.25, freight paid.

Large,  roomy,  Roll-Top  Office 
Desk, only  $13 75;  others  $8.75 
up. freight paid.

L A T A N IA   B O R D O N IC A .

Perpetuated  Palms, with four large leaves  and  centerpiece,  in 
pots, natural as life, and an ornament to  store  or  parlor,  $r.2* 
freight prepaid.

Couches $4.70 to $60.  Free samples of  cover* 
ings on application.

Grand  Rapids  Wholesale  Furniture  Co.  ^ t^ s^ ^ tea"d0“aw,,s*s''

11
I
ü

Have you ever had any business dealings with  us? 

customers through the medium of the most popular medium-priced  bicycle ever built,  the

Ij1 A  M O ST W ONDERFUL. O F F E R

Within the next thirty days we will  move into new and  larger quarters  in order to be better able to take care  of  our  fast  increasing  trade  Be­
fore we  move we wish to  reduce our stock  as  much  as  possible, especially  on  our  W ABASH   models.  These are the best selling and  m ost popular of 
all our models and  it is admitted, by those of our customers who have handled them this  season, that  they  are, by  far, superior  to  any  other  POPULAR- 
PRICED bicycle built. 
This is your opportunity.  Merchants have been offered all kinds of 
wheels at.all kinds of prices,  but  never before have they been offered thoroughly  high-grade,  fully  guaranteed  bicycles at the price we now offer  our 
W ABASH   models 
It is not likely  that this offer  will appear again and,  if you want to take advantage of the greatest  bicycle  value  ever  offered  you 
should send us your orders at once.  We quote you, whether you order one or one hundred,  the stupendously  lew  price of 

1899 Wabash Bicycle

If not, we want to bring you into the fold of our many well-satisfied 

It  will  pay  you to  get  on  our  list  of  customers. 

CASH WITH ORDER 
C. 0. D , $15.50 
Net 10 Days, $16.00

$15.00

F o r E ith e r M en’s M odel 80 o r Lad ies’  M odel 81.

’

$15.00

Our Wabash  Models retail at $30.00 to the riders  and  are  worth  every  cent  of 
it.  Orders will be accepted with the  distinct understanding  that if the  w’heels are 
not entirely satisfactory and jnst as we  represent  them, they  can  be  returned and 
the money will be refunded without a word.

In  o rd er to  m ore fu lly  ap p recia te th e ab ove offer, w e ask  yo u  

to  note ca re fu lly  th e fo llo w in g  sp ecificatio n s:

.  Large tubing,  ij^  inch  throughout,  in  main  frame.  Flush  joints  thoroughly 
reinforced.  Wabash two-piece drop forged cranks, 7-inch throw.  D shaped tub­
ing in rear forks.  Large sprockets, drop forged,  new and original design.  Regu­
lar gear, 80-inch 36x9 on men’s, 68-inch 23x9 on ladies.’  Beautiful  Schineer handle 
bars.  Miller (Brown shape)  padded saddle.  Thorsen pedals  (positively  no  better 
pedals made).  Beautiful mahogany  finished  rims.  Tires,  Wabash,  single  tube, 
corrugated head.  These tires we have used on 90 per cent, of our Wabasn wheels 
this season, and so far have had scarcely a complaint.  Guaranteed Indiana tires 75c 
extra.  Morgan & Wright or Hartford  tires  $2.00  extra.  Finish,  four  coats  finest 
enamel, each coat baked separately,  hand polished in  coach  green  (regular), black 
or maroon color,  finished with a neat double hair line stripe of gold..
N o te—The  bearings  (the  most  important  item  in  a  bicycle)  in the Wabash 
wheels are turned  from  tool steel, oil tempered, ground and  polished,  and  if  kept 
in proper adjustment, they will wear as long and as well as the bearings of any bi­
cycle built, regardless of cost. 
Ladies 22 inch.  Can  furnish  the  latter  in 
20-inch  frames  if  desired.  The  general  specifications  of  the  Indies’  Wabash, 
Model 81 are the same as Men’s Model 80.  It has a beautifully  designed  dropped 
ladies’ frame and  with  a  combination  metal  and  wood  chain  guard.  Its  appear­
ance and design can not be surpassed by any wheel built, at any price.

Men’s in 22 and  24-inch frames. 

J

THE  THORSEN  CYCLE  CO,  Chicago.

This Cut is an Exact Photographic Reproduction of Men’s Model So.

Send  for Complete  Catalogue. 

Klndly mention this ,ournal.

OCT 1905

J

i S

3

5

1 3 2 7

Volume XVII.

GRAND RAPIDS, WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 6,  1899.

Number 833

of  D etroit,  M ich. 

The  Preferred  Bankers 
Life Assurance Company

Annual  Statement,  Dec.  31,  1898.

Commenced  Business 8ept.  I, 1893.
45»734 79

Insurance in Force......................... $3,299,000 
00
Ledger Assets...................... 
OS
Ledger Liabilities......................... 
21 
Losses Adjusted and Unpaid............... 
None
51,061  00
Total Death Losses Paid to Date......... 
Total Guarantee Deposits  Paid to Ben­
eficiaries................................  
00
>»030 
Death Losses Paid During the Year... 
11,000 00
Death  Rate for the Year...............  
64
3 

 

F R A N K  E.  ROBSON,  President. 

TRU M AN  B. GOODSPEED, Secretary.

KAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAll

Lgrcial

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Qtffeetiom and 

TT~  —B 

 

- 

on ^ J / r ,^ 0eM/D/lAP/D5. AllOt.
& 
»
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Investigate  our  sys- 
tem   before  placing 
your  collections. 

«  
5  

*  

Everything 

^ B S Z 5 E5 E5 H5 3 S 2 5 S S£ SE 5 3 5 &
"T a k e  a  Receipt for  | 
5
It may save you a  thousand  dol-  (J 
JJ, 
We  make  City  Package  Re-  n. 
ceipts  to  order;  also  keep  plain  =j 
ones in stock.  Send for samples,  u

lars, or a lawsuit, or a customer. 

BARLOW BROS,

!  h t.

O L D E S T

M O S T   R E L I A B L E

A L W A Y S   O N E   P R I C E

Wholesale  Clothing  Manufacturers  in  the 
city of ROCHESTER, N.  Y. are KOLB & 
SON.  Only house making strictly all wool 
Kersey Overcoats, guaranteed, at $5.
Mail orders will receive prompt attention. 
Write  our  Michigan  representative,  Wm. 
Connor,  Box 346, Marshall,  Mich.,  to  call 
on  you,  or  meet  him  at  Sweet’s  Hotel, 
Grand  Rapids,  Sept.  5  to  u   inclusive. 
Customers’  expenses  allowecL 
Prices, 
quality and fit guaranteed

EM

.THE

" 1
f i r e |

IN S -!CO.  t♦

Prompt, Conservative, Safe.

i
The  M ercantile  A gency

Established 1841.

R.  O .  D U N   &   CO .

Widdicomb Bld’g, Grand Rapids, Mich. 

Books arranged with trade classification of names. 
Collections made everywhere.  Write for particulars. 

L. P. WITZLEBEN,  flanager.

Save  Trouble. 
Save  Money 
Save Time.

IM P O R T A N T   F E A T U R E S .

Page.

G e ttin g   th e  People.
A rou n d   th e  State.
G ran d  R ap id s  G ossip.
E d ito rial.
M ich igan   F ru it.
T h e  F lo u r  Trade.
D ry  Goods.
B a n k in g   In terests.
T elep h o n e  Service.
S h in gle  Trade.
H ides and  W ool.
C o m m ercial T ravelers.
B ic y c le  Trade.
L im e Trade.
T h e D a ily   Press.
F ire  In suran ce.
F u rn itu re  Trade.
R a ilw a y   D evelopm en t.
D ru g  Trade.
W om an ’s W o rld .
B u tte r Trade.
W agon Trade.
R etail G ro cery Trade.
S a n ita ry  P lu m b in g.
M illin ery   Trade.
C red its and  C ollection s.
F arm   Prod uce.
A u to m o b iles  Used  in T rausportatitm . 
Com pressed Yeast.
F ru its and  Produce.
G oth am  Gossip.
Shoes an d L eath er.
Shoe  Trade.
H ard w are Trade.
W h o lesale G ro cery Trade. 
C o m m ercial T ravelers.
D rugs and C h em icals.
D ru g  P rice C urren t.
G ro cery P rice   C urren t.
Grt>cery  P rice  C urren t.
Excelsi«>r.
Successful Salesm en.
F arm  Im p lem en ts.
B usin ess W ants.

Condition  o f  th e  H ay  Crop.

The  condition  of  the  hay  crop  this 
year  is  nearly  the  reverse  of  its  condi­
tion  a  year ago.  Then  the  crop  was  the 
largest  ever  reported,  with  a  very  dull 
market  at  low  prices,  the  supply  being 
greater  than  the  demand,  and 
it  con­
tinued  so  for  nearly  the  whole  year, 
while  the  present  outlook is for an active 
market  at  better  prices  and  a  good  de­
mand.

Nearly  one-third  of  the  receipts  of 
hay 
in  Boston  are  exported,  showing 
that  other  countries  may  use  part  of  our 
surplus.

Old  Western  hay  of  choice  quality  is 
selling  at  the  unusual  premium  of §1 
per  ton  over  new  hay.  Stocks  are  re­
ported  very  light  at  the  Eastern  markets 
and  Western  farmers  are  not  showing 
much  anxiety  to  dispose  of  their  hold­
ings. 
These  conditions  are  causing 
higher  prices.

The  Government  report  on  this  year’s 
crop  shows  3.4  per  cent,  decrease 
in 
acreage,  with  the  condition  of  timothy 
on  August  1,  86.7,  which  is  12.6  points 
below  that  of  the  corresponding  date 
last  year.

The  condition  of  clover  is  in  marked 
contrast  with  that  of  last  year,  showing 
a  large  percentage  of  decrease,  the  crop 
in  New  York  and  Pennsylvania  being 
71  and  76  per  cent.,  respectively,  as 
compared  with  93  and  94  per cent.,  re­
spectively, 
last  year.  Michigan  and 
Indiana  also  show  a  reduction  of  a  few 
points,  Ohio showing  the  best  prospects. 
It  is  noted  that  the  quality  of  this year’s 
crop  of  clover  falls  below  last  year,  es­
pecially  in  New  England.  Timothy  in 
Western  Michigan 
is  of  good  quality, 
while  the  clover  is  generally  very  poor.

We  believe  that  the  farmer who  has 
secured  a  good  crop  of  No.  1  Timothy 
hay  will  share 
in  this  year’s  unprece- 
dented  prosperity.

U.  E.  Brown.

The  ambition  of some  men  appears to 
know  no  bounds.  For  a  case  in  point, 
see  Frank  Hamilton,  the  Traverse  City 
clothier.  Not  content  with  being  the 
possessor of  a  successful  clothing  store 
and  a  beautiful  home  on  the  crest  of 
Sunset  H ill;  with  election  to the  office 
of  Mayor by  nearly  a  unanimous  vote; 
with  the  acquisition  of  something  more 
than 
local  fame  as  the  grower of  red 
kidney  beans,  he  now  covets  another 
kind  of  reputation  as  a  breeder of  An­
gora  cats, 
l’he  people  of  Traverse  City 
have  always  been  very  kind  to  Mr. 
Hamilton  and  the  cheerful  burghers of 
the  Peninsula  have  put  up  with  his  ec­
centricities  as  an  amateur  farmer  with 
quiet  forbearance,  but  the  attempt to  re­
place  the  American  tabby  with  the  fox­
tailed  denizen  of  Asia  Minor  is  causing 
a  revolt  which  may  result  in  his  neigh­
bors  espousing  a  new  occupation  as 
breeders of bulldogs.

Although  the  apple  crop  this  year  is 
expected  to  be  the  largest  that  has  been 
produced,  the  demand  has 
increased 
so greatly  during  recent  years  that  it 
is 
not  thought  the  prices  will  fall.  The 
largest  yield  of  apples  in  the  United 
States  was  210,000,000  bushels,  about 
three bushels for  every  man,  woman  and 
child.  About  one-third  of  the  product 
is  made  into  cider.  The  price  of  ap­
ples  has  been  rising  each  year,  and  a 
demand  for them  has  arisen  in  Europe, 
to  which  many  are  exported.  The  ex­
ports  of  dried  apples  for the  last  fiscal 
year  were  19,305,749  pounds,  valued  at 
§1,245,733,  while  of  ripe  apples  there 
were  exported  380,222  barrels,  valued  at 
§1,210,459.

The  secret  service  has  discovered  a 
new  counterfeit  §2  treasury  note  of  the 
series  of  1891,  check 
letter  D ;  Bruce, 
register;  Roberts,  treasurer;  portrait, 
McPherson.  The  seal 
is  dark  red  in­
stead  of  pink,  and  the  parallel  ruling 
is  poor,  as  is  most  of  the  lathe  work.  It 
is  a  fairly  deceptive  photo-etched  pro­
duction,  and  the  silk  fiber  distributed 
through  the  genuine  paper  has  been 
closely  imitated.

Marshall  D.  Elgin,  Secretary  of  the 
Musselman  Grocer  Co.,  is  spending  a 
fortnight  at  Niagara  Falls,  Montreal 
and  the  St.  Lawrence  River country. 
He  is  accompanied  by  his  wife.

Sometimes  a  man  wants  re-election  to 
office  as  a  vindication  of  his  conduct, 
and  sometimes  he  wants  it  because  he 
has  no  other  means  of  living.

The  universal  peace  associations  are 
keeping  themselves  together to be  able 
to  be  happy  when  universal  peace 
comes.

The  invention  of  liquid  air  makes  in­
still 

refreshments 

dulging 
more  difficult  to avoid.

liquid 

in 

When  a  man  acts  without  reason  he 
must  hunt  for an  excuse  to  justify  him­
self. 

____
is  a  will  a  lawyer will 

Where  there 

find  some  other way.

Tli«*  tfurilwar«*  M arket.

in  their 

Conditions  of trade  remain  quite  sim ­
ilar to those  reported in  our  last  market. 
Retail  dealers  give  encouraging  reports 
of  conditions  existing 
local 
markets,  but  say  the  disposition  of  the 
consumer to buy  in  any  great  quantities 
is  restricted  quite  a  good  deal  by  the 
recent  advances 
in  prices.  This  also 
has  its  effect  upon  the  dealers,  who,  in 
the  majority  of  cases  are  buying  only 
as  their  wants  appear  from  day  to  day. 
In  the  manufacturing  line  everything  is 
reaching  a  higher  level  and  so  far  as  we 
are  able  to  judge,  many  goods  will  be 
much  higher  and  no  lower  prices on  any 
line  will  take  place  during  the  coming 
year.

Wire  Nails  Sept, 
1  the  manufactur- 
ers  made  an  advance 
of  15c  per  cwt.  on 
wire  anti  nails  of 
all  kinds,  and  on 
painted  barbed  wire 
they  made  an  ad- 
vance  of  50c  per  cwt. 
,  bringing  it  up  to
within  15c  of  galvanized  barbed.  There 
is  no  change  on  the  advance  which  al­
ready  exists  of  50c  per  cwt.  between 
plain  and  galvanized  wire,  as  they  have 
only  made  a  change  governing  painted 
and  galvanized  barbed.  Prices  at  the 
follows:  No.  9 
present  time  are  as 
plain  wire,  §2.95;  No.  9  galvanized, 
§3.45 ;  painted  barbed  wire,  §3.55 ;  gal­
vanized  barbed  wire,  §3.70;  wire  nails, 
§3.05.  For  shipment  direct  from  mill, 
the  price  averages  about  15c  per cwt. 
If  the  advances  in  raw  material 
less. 
is  believed  there  will  be 
continue,  it 
higher  prices  on  wire  and  nails  before 
Oct.  1.

Miscellaneous 

In  bar  iron  great  diffi­
culty 
is  being  experienced  in  getting 
orders  filled,  as  the  mills  claim  to be 
from  three  to  four  months behind orders. 
While  there  has  been  no  special  change 
in  the  price  for  the  last  thirty  days,  ow­
ing  to  the  scarcity  existing  and  jobbers 
being  obliged  to  pick up  their  iron from 
whatever source  they  are  able  to  find  it, 
prices  have  generally  advanced,  and  a 
3c  rate  on  bar  iron  is  now  quite  gener­
ally  asked. 
l acks  and  clout  nails  of all 
kinds  have  advanced  15  per cent,  in  the 
last  two weeks.  On strap and  T.  hinges, 
as  well  as  wrought  butts,  at  a  recent 
meeting  of  the  manufacturers,  an  ad­
vance  of  25  per  cent,  was  made.  This 
was  necessitated  by the increased  cost  of 
the  material  going  into their  manufac­
ture.  While  there  has  been  no  change 
on  Manila  rope  for the  past  week,  sisal 
has  advanced  %c  per  lb.,  making  the 
price  at  present  from  jobbers’  hands 
iit^c.  While  it  is  not  good  weather  for 
skating,  prices  on  skates  have  been  es­
tablished  for  the  coming  season  at  an 
average  of  about  5c  a  pair  higher  than 
last  year.  Manufacturers  of  files of  all 
kinds,  including  Nicholson  and  Black 
Diamond,  have  advanced  their  price  10 
per cent,  in  the  last  week,  and 
jobbers 
are  now  asking  70  per cent,  off  list  for 
standard  brands. 
In  clothes  wringers  a 
new  list  has  been  adopted,  covering  the 
entire 
line,  from  which  jobbers  give  a 
discount of  from  20 to25  percent.  FTIge 
t(x)ls  and  hammers  of  all  kinds  have  ad­
vanced  15  per  cent,  in  the  last  ten days.
W111.  T.  Barnard  succeeds  Jas.  Baker 
1066  Madi­

in  the  grocery  business  at 
son  avenue.

2

Getting the People

T h e  L oeal  R e ta ile r  and  th e   C atahigue 

H ouses.

The  one  element  that  has  arisen  in 
the  past  few  years  to the  disquietude  of 
the  local  retailer  is  the catalogue houses, 
so-called 
the  firms  who  issue  immense 
catalogues  of  every  conceivable  kind  of 
goods  at  apparently  tempting  prices and 
distribute  these  catalogues  among  the 
retailer’s  customers.  That  these  houses 
are  making  heavy  inroads  into the  re­
tailer’s  trade 
is  undeniable,  and  the 
evil  is  not  yet  at  an  end  and  will  not  be 
until  the  retailer 
looks  at  the  matter 
from  a  perfectly  practical  standpoint. 
The  cause  and  the  remedy  are  plainly 
apparent  to  anyone  who  will  take  the 
time  to do this.

The  catalogue  houses  issue  catalogues 
in  which  every  article 
is  illustrated, 
fully  described  and  priced.  The  great­
est  care  is  taken  to  make  the  descrip­
tions  as  complete  as possible and to word 
them  in  the  most  alluring  manner.  The 
local  retailer  puts  an  advertisement 
in 
the  paper  reading 
‘ ‘ John  Smith,  Dry 
Goods,  Boots  and  Shoes,”   or  something 
equally  lucid.  Only 
in  rare  instances 
does  he  attempt  to  describe  and  price 
his  goods  in  his  advertisements.  Peo­
ple  will  always buy  where  the  prices are 
lowest,  other  things  being  equal. 
If 
they  did  not  think that they were  getting 
bargains  from  the  catalogue  houses  they 
If  the  local 
would  not  buy  from  them. 
retailer  would  come  out 
in  the  news­
paper  with  a  reproduction  of  a  page 
from  one  of  the  catalogues  and  offer  to 
duplicate  the  prices  named  there,  or,  if 
necessary;  *to  go  below  them; 
if  he. 
would  tell  his  customers  the  advantages 
of  seeing  an  article  before  buying  i t ;  if 
he  would  advertise  his  own  goods  in  the 
same  manner as  the  catalogue  houses  do 
—even  going  to  the  point  of  issuing  a 
catalogue  of  his  own,  if  necessary  -he 
would  rapidly  make  good  his  lost  trade. 
The  catalogue  houses  are  succeeding 
through  good  advertising—the  local  re­
tailer  must  fight  them  with  advertising. 
He  has  everything  in  his  favor.  He 
is 
on  the  ground.  He  knows  his  custom­
ers.  All  that  he  has  to  do  is  to  demon­
strate  to them,  in  the  most  forcible  way, 
that  they  can  save  money  by  buying  of 
him,  and  his  case  is  won.

*  *  *

A  correspondent who  desires  his  name 
withheld  sends  me  four  advertisements, 
three  of  which  are  decidedly  good,  and 
the  fourth  not  quite  so good. 
It  runs  as 
follows:

SEEDS

Look alike, but  they  may  be  different. 
Are  they  fre>h,  pure,  true  to  name, 
strong,  and  selected  from  the  best 
specimens ?
How can you tell as to these points? 
Have  you  anything,  other  than  your 
dealer's honesty, to rely upon ?
Do  you  know  about  the  reliability  of 
the  New  York,  Chicago  and  other 
large-city seedsmen ?
If tney beat you, what can you do?
If  your  home  dealer  beats  you,  you 
know where to find him, don’t you? 
Then  why  not  patronize  me,  and  if 
goods are not right,  here  I  am,  and Pil 
make them right.
Think about this, and get my prices.

BLANK,  Bt«okville.

My  correspondent  started  out  right, 
but  when  he  came  to  the  fork  in  the 
road,  he  took  the  wrong  turning.  From 
the  words,  * * Do you  know  about  the  re­
liability,  etc.?”   the  advertisement  is 
wrong. 
It  never  pays  to  run  down  a 
competitor.  The  public  always  sympa-

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

thizes  with  the  under  dog. 
If  a  man 
abuses his  competitor or casts  doubt  up­
on  his  honesty,  the  public  feeling  is  apt 
in  favor  of  the  competitor, 
to  swerve 
and  the  attempt  defeats 
its  own  end. 
Besides  this,  there  is  no  logical  reason 
why  the  large  city  seedsmen  should  not 
be  reliable.  ‘ They  have  been  in  busi­
ness  a  number  of  years,  and  have  grown 
steadily  each  year—certainly  facts  op­
posed  to the  idea  of  unfair dealings.  A 
seedsman  who  dealt  unfairly  with  his 
customers  would  have to  hunt  for a  new 
set  every  year,  and  his  business'  would 
not  grow—more  than 
it  would 
lessen.

likely 

Evidently,  then,  the  proper  way  for 
my  correspondent  to  have  followed  up 
his  opening  remarks  would  have  been 
something  like  this :

I’ve  been  in  business  here  among  you 
for — years.
You know me.
Every  customer  I  ever  had  is  a  living 
advertisement of the goodness of the  seeds 
I  sell.
There’s not a  man  who  can  say  that  the 
seeds I sold him were not right.
¡satisfaction—or your  money  back  without 
question—that's what I offer  you.
The seeds you want, at the  time  you  want 
them-that’s  what  you  get  when  you  buy 
here—no delays in  delivery and  no  express 
charges to pay.
My prices are worth getting.

BLANK,  Blankville.

I  am  glad  to see  that  D.  S.  Seaman, 
of  Greenville,  has  at  last  discontinued 
that  nerve-racking  Coffee,  Ginger  Snaps 
and  Grated  Pineapple  advertisement 
which  I  criticised  about  two  months 
ago,  and  has  substituted  for  it  one  that 
is  really  good. 
1  reproduce  it  as  an  ex­
cellent  specimen of  good  grocery  adver­
tising. 
It  always  pays  to speak  of  the 
cleanliness  of  a  grocery  or  butcher’s 
if  the  store  bears  out  the 
store,  and 
statement  made 
in  the  advertising,  it 
makes  a  winning  combination.  A  clean 
store,  with  well-dusted  counters  and

The Art of 
Living

and living well, is  In  judicious  mar­
keting.  Where  you  buy  is  of  as 
mucn  importance  as  what  you  buy 
and  what  you  pay  for  it,  when  it 
comes to food.  Vou  want  to  know 
the  surroundings  of  the  things  you 
are going to eat.  Notice the cleanli­
ness  of  the  store.  Everything  is 
fresh and  appetizing  and  attractive. 
The  prices  are  always  right.  Our 
special this week is Heinz's Pickling 
Vinegar at 35c a gallon.

D.  S.  SEAM AN

shelving  and  a  neatly-arranged  window 
display,  together  with  courteous  people 
back  of  the counter,  will always sell more 
goods  and  get  more  money for them than 
an  untidy  place,  with  dirty  shelves  and 
windows  and  frowzy  clerks.  The  best 
advertising 
in  the  world  won’t  do  this 
latter store  any  good.  Advertising  can 
only  brings  people  as  far as  the  door  of 
your store— after that,  the  store  and  the 
salespeople  must  do the  rest.  It  pays  to 
cater  to  particular  people— people  who 
are  known  to  be  a  bit  cranky,  even. 
They  are  the  best  advertisement  a  store 
can  have.  People  say,  “ There’s  Mrs. 
Jones.  She’s  the  most  particular woman 
in  town.  She  deals  at  Blank’s,”  and  the 
natural 
is  that  if  Blank  can 
suit  her,  he  must  be  good  enough  for 
ordinary  mortals  to  deal  with.  And 
Mrs.  Jones,  the  particular,  will  adver­
tise you,  too.  And  she’ll  tell  her  neigh­
bors  that  she  doesn’t  deal  with  Brown,

inference 

G ro w in g   O ld   G ra cefu lly.

From the Owosso Times.

Mr.  W.  S.  H.  Welton  made the Times 
one  of  'his  pleasant  calls  Tuesday  and 
varied  the  usual  course  of  his  calls  by 
announcing  that  he  was  ready  to  receive 
congratulations  on  the  passing  of  his 
82nd  birthday.  Although  82  years  old 
Tuesday,  Mr.  Welton  asserted  that  be­
fore  the  day  would  be  over he  would 
have  put 
in  fully  ten  hours  of  work  in 
the  sun,  and  that  with  no  more  discom­
fort  than  any  other  man  would  experi­
ence.  He 
is  still  strong  and  hearty, 
works  every  day  on  his  farm,  northeast 
of  the  city,  keeps  thoroughly  posted  on 
all  passing  events  in  the  world’s  his­
tory  and  frequently  furnishes  articles  on 
special  subjects  to  various  periodicals, 
notably  the  Michigan  Tradesman.  Mr. 
Welton  attributes  his  continued  splen­
did  health  as  much  to his  habit  of keep­
ing  in  touch  with  passing  events  as  to 
out  of  door  exercise.  He  is  certainly 
one  of  the  finest  of  living  examples  of 
growing  old gracefully before  Sliiwassee 
county  to-day,  and  the  Times 
joins 
with  other  friends 
in  hoping  that  the 
community  may  have  the  example of his 
life  before  it  for years  yet  and  that  the 
succeeding  twertty-ninths  of  many future 
Augusts  may  see  him  a  caller  on  city 
friends.

K a rly   C losin g.

Arguments  may  be  adduced 

in  sup­
port  of  any  theory,  but  it  is  somewhat 
too  far-fetched  to  urge  in  support of  the 
early  closing  of  shoe stores  that  the  long 
hours of  work  in  those  establishments  is 
in  a  marked degree responsible  for many 
of  the  failures that  take  place.  Such  a 
contention 
is  foolish  and  might  with 
much  more  propriety  be  used  on  the  op­
posite  side;  but  it  is  nevertheless  a  fact 
that  the 
in  which  the  em­
ployes  of  retail  shoe stores are compelled 
to  work  dissipate  their  energies  and 
make  them  listless  and  inattentive. 
It 
is  reasonably  urged  that  more and  better 
work  might  be  got  out  of  them  with 
shorter  hours  as  “ all  work  and  no  play 
makes  Jack  a  dull  boy”   is  quite  as  true 
now  as  when  it  was  first  written.

long  hours 

J. Q.  Miller &  Co.,

C lo th in g   M an u factu rers, 

C h icago,  111.

your  competitor,  because  she  saw  him 
wipe  his  hands  on  a  towel  that  looked, 
as  if  it  had  not  been  washed  for  a 
month,  before  he  cut  her a  slice of meat.
isn’t  printed  in 
the  newspapers,  and  sometimes the  kind 
that  isn’t  printed  is  just  as 
important 
as the  kind  that  is.

All  the  advertising 

*  *  *

Whenever you  feel  like  writing  poeti­
cal  advertising  think  of  Mr.  Punch’s 
advice  to  those  about  to be  married- 
“ Don’t.”   Here  is  a  specimen;  and  as 
there  are  some  things  that  simply  can 
not  be  treated  of  in  cold  blood,  I  repro­
duce  it  without  criticism:
A  fly in the spring 
To the air spread nis wing
W hile roaming about 
Another thaws out
To a kitchvn they go 
On forage  intent.
When one fly to the  other  laughingly  said,

Over the pies and the cakes they caper

For warmer has grown the weather.

Thev mut and flew off together.

“  Let s gel onto the sticky  fly paper."

W.  S.  Hamburger.

F a ll  and  W in te r  Styles  in   M illin ery.
Although  quite  unusual  to disclose the 
closely-guarded  secrets  of  the 
fashion 
designers  before  the  formal  openings, 
we  can  not  resist  thj  temptation to  give 
the  Tradesman’s  lady  readers  a  peep 
into a  few of  the  hidden  bandboxes and 
prepare  them for the  marvelous construc­
tions  soon  to be  revealed  at  Corl,  Knott 
&  Co.’s.  The  following  descriptions 
are  noted  from  a  host  of  models  of  the 
Parisian  modistes  awaiting  the  opening 
days:

Hat  designed  by  Faulkner :  Picture 
hat  of  grey  velvet,  brim  covered  with 
rolls  of  grey  satin,  crown  made  of  folds 
of  satin  and  velvet,  trimmed  with  grey 
plumes,  bow  of  grey  satin  ribbon 
in 
front,  rhinestone  and  steel  buckle,  ends 
extending  to  back  crossed,  forming  tie 
strings.

By  Poyanne:  Turban,  seal  brown 
trimmed  with  turquoise  velvet 
velvet, 
at  right,  draped  fan  effect,  pheasant  at 
left,  rhinestone  and  steel  ornament.

By  Virot;  Wire  turban  frame,  small 
crown  covered  with  velvet  and  narrow 
bands of  sequins,  brim  of  Maline  with 
sequin  trimming,  black  and  white  but­
terfly  studded  with  jet  and  rhinestone, 
finished  with  steel  and  rhinestone  orna­
ment,  crystal  pin  through  crown.

By  Lewis:  Model  of  grey  and  violet 
velvet,  brim  of  violet  and  grey  velvet 
draped,  trimmed  with  mink,  knot  of 
grey  velvet  in  front,  white  paradise.

in 

By  Maison  Garlier:  Model  of  Castor 
miroir  velvet,  walking  hat  effect,  entire 
hat  of  velvet  draped  in  soft  folds,  strass 
and 
turquoise  ornament 
front, 
trimmed  with  eagle  wings.

By  Marcband:  Draped  turquoise  of 
Zaire  velvet,  with  rows  of  horsehair 
braid,  trimmed  with  seagull  of  same 
color,  crystal  pins, 
rhinestone 
buckle  at  back.

steel 

Millinery  trimmings  for  fall  and  win­
ter  point  largely to the  generous  use  of 
birds,  parrots,  breasts,  pasted  effects  in 
quills,  wings  and  other  fancy  feathers of 
this  character.

I t  Is N ot U ncertain.

Advertising  is  no  more  uncertain  than 
any  other business  venture.  It is  subject 
to  the  same  rules  and  conditions. 
It 
offers the  same  chance  of  success.  No 
man  can  tell  in  undertaking  any  line  of 
business  just  what  it  will  pay.  He  be­
lieves  that  it  will  pay  and tries  to  make 
it  pay,  and that  is  all  he  can  do. 
is 
the  same  in  advertising.  You  can  ad­
vertise  and  spend  your  money  in the 
most  intelligent  way  and  wait  for  re­
sults.— Charles  Austin  Bates.

It 

I am now at my desk in  Chicago, to  remain  until 
State Fair week, held in Grand Rapids, Sept. 25-29, 
at which time I  shall  be  at  Sweet’s  Hotel with  all 
my fall  and winter  samples.  Will  take  good  care 
of customers who can meet me in Chicago between 
now and  Sept.  15,  and  allow all  expenses  to  trade 
who will give me all or part of  their  fall  purchases 
while in  Chicago.  Any  who  cannot  leave  home 
kindly  let  me  know and  I  will  send  full  line  of 
samples  or  visit  them  personally.  It  will  be  a 
great pleasure to meet your  demands, and  rest  as­
sured all favors will be appreciated.

Respectfully,

S .  T .  B ow en,

376  Franklin  Street.

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Around the State

Movement»  o f Merchant».

Cadillac  -Stone  &  Nilsen  have  em­

barked  in  the  dry  goods  business.

Albion— Mrs.  I).  C.  Reynolds  has 

sold  her drug  stock  to  H.  C.  Keck.

Hancock  August  Tangen  has  pur­
chased  the  grocery  stock  of  Charles  S. 
Mason.

Detroit—J.  S.  Conley,  dealer  in  to­
bacco  and  cigars,  has  sold  out  to  John 
H.  Cox.

Pentwater  -Miss  Grace  Barker,  of 
Hart,  has  opened  a  millinery  store  at 
this  place.

Marlette—Jas.  D.  Hunter  has  pur­
chased  the  stock  of  the  Marlette  Mer­
cantile  Co.

Albion— Manheimer  Bros.,  of  Hills­
dale,  have  embarked  in  the  clothing 
business here.

Olivet—A.  C.  Shalliar  has  purchased 
in  the 

a  store  building  and  engaged 
meat  business.

Detroit— Nelson  J.  Malott  has  pur­
chased  the  grocery  stock  and  meat busi­
ness of  John  Lahey.

Port  Huron— Edward  McGill  has  em­
barked  in  the  grocery  and  confectionery 
business at  this  place.

East  Thetford— E.  F.  Johnson  has 
sold  his  grocery  stock  to  Weingierl 
Bros.,  of  Layton  Comers.

Coldwater—Alex.  Friedman,of Spring- 
field,  Ohio,  has  embarked  in  the  dry 
goods business  at  this  place.

Allegan— F.  L.  Kent  has  sold his feed 
store  business  and  stock to Roscoe Ellis, 
who  will  continue  the  business  at  the 
same  location.

East  Jordan— D.  C.  Loveday  &  Co. 
have  decided  to  close  out  their stock  of 
groceries  and  devote  the  space  to their 
hardware  stock.

Adrian—Dr.  Leroy  Treat  has  pur­
chased  the  drug  stock  of  A.  B.  Treat. 
Geo.  Treat  will  probably  have  charge 
of  the  business.

Chelsea—Miss  Mary  Haab,  formerly 
with  Miss  Mary  Bell,  of  Ann  Arbor, 
will  shortly  embark 
in  the  millinery 
business  at  this  place.

Olivet— Giles  Barruswill  shortly  erect 
a  brick  building,  50x70  feet  in  dimen­
sions,  which  he  will  occupy  with a stock 
of  agricultural  implements.

Red  Jacket— The  Copper City Confec­
tionery  Co.  is  the  name  of  a  new  enter­
prise  established  at  this  place  by  Peter 
Pera  and  Peter  Banditinni.

Maple  Rapids—A.  N.  Howe  &  Co. 
have  sold  their general  stock  to C.  Red- 
fem  &  Co.,  who  will  continue  the 
business  at  the  same  location.

Jackson— L.  H.  Harris,  of  Minonk, 
111.,  and  Fred  Kurtz,  of  this  city,  have 
formed  a  copartnership  and  engaged  in 
the  drug business at  this  place.

Hillsdale—The  grocery  stock  of H.  L. 
Lawrence  &  Co.,  successors  to  Oscar 
Hancock,  has  been  purchased  by  Frank 
M.  Johnson  and  Charles  S.  Hayes.

Saginaw— H.  G.  Watz,  who  purchased 
the  drug  stock  of  the 
late  William 
Grossman  at  1218  and  1220  Court  street, 
has  consolidated  it  with  his  own  stock.
Battle  Creek— F.  J.  Chamberlain  & 
Bro.  have  sold  their drug  stock  to  J.  W. 
Amstutz, 
from  Smithville, 
Ohio,  who  will  continue  the  business  at 
the  sam i  location.

formerly 

Charlotte— E.  V.  Abell  has  purchased 
the  department  store  stock  and  business 
of  the  late  George  W.  Foote.  The  sale 
does  not  include  the  drug  and  book  de­
partment.  Mr.  Abell  was  formerly  in 
the  boot  and  shoe  business  here.

Ionia—C.  E.  Jennings,  of  this  place, 
has 
leased  the  Berlin  Center  Grange 
Hall  and  will put in  a  stock of groceries. 
He  will  make  an  effort  to have  a  post- 
office  established  there.

Holland--Miss  Susie  A.  Martin  has 
purchased  the  interest of  Geo.  Huizinga 
in  the  drug  stock  of  Martin  &  Huizinga 
and  will  continue  the  business  at  the 
same  location  in  her own  name.

Lansing-----Jas.  O’Connor, 

formerly
head  salesman  in  the  clothing  store  of 
Geo.  H.  Sheets,  at  Grand  Ledge,  has 
engaged  in  the  clothing  and  men’s  fur­
nishing  goods business  at  106 Washing­
ton  avenue.

Petoskey-  Frank  Sherman  and  Lyle 
Bryam, 
formerly  connected  with  the 
clothing  house  of  Rosenthal & Son,  have 
formed  a  copartnership  and  will  open  a 
dry  goods  and  ladies’  furnishing  goods 
store  in  the  near  future.

Albion— Rosseau &  Riker will  occupy 
the  remaining  store in the Loomis block. 
Mr.  Rosseau  will  enlarge  his  stock  of 
harness  supplies  and  Mr.  Riker  will 
carry  a  line  of  boots  and  shoes  and  con­
tinue  his  repairing  work.

Charlotte—Edward  L.  Coy,  of  Cadil­
lac,  formerly  of  this  city,  and  George 
H.  Tubbs,  for the  past  seven  years  head 
clerk  at  Lamb  &  Spencer’s  grocery, 
have  purchased  the  grocery  stock  of  J. 
A.  Mikesell  and  will  continue  the  busi­
ness.

Benton  Harbor  -Geo.  Avery,  former­
ly  traveling  representative  for the  Ideal 
Clothing  Co.  (Grand  Rapids),  has  pur­
interest  formerly  owned  by 
chased  the 
Jesse  Puterbaugh 
in  the  clothing  firm 
of  Hipp,  Enders  &  Puterbaugh.  The 
new  firm  will  be  known  as  Hipp,  En- 
der  &  Avery.

Ishpeming—The  big  store  in the addi­
tion  built  by  F.  Braastad  to  his  Cleve­
land  avenue  block  last  spring  is being 
finished  and  prepared  for occupancy. 
It 
is  his  intention  to  use  the  room  for 
the  accommodation  of  his  crockery 
stock,  as  an  adjunct  to the  grocery  de­
partment.  A  stock  of  bazaar goods  will 
also occupy  part  of  the  space.

M a n u factu rin g  M atters.

Mansfield—The  Mansfield  Mill  Co. 
succeeds  B.  F.  Davenport  in the shingle 
business.

Detroit—The  Peninsular Sugar  Refin­
ing  Co.  has  increased  its  capital  stock 
from  $300,000 to $500,000.

incorporation. 

Detroit—The  Wayne  Soap  Co.  has 
The 
filed  articles  of 
is  $5,000,  one-tenth  of 
capital  stock 
which  is  paid 
in.  The  incorporators 
are  Otto  C.  and  Gustav  F.  Behr and 
James C.  Ross,  all  of  Detroit.

Mendon—W.  H.  Reinhart  has  sold  the 
Mendon  Cider  and  Vinegar  Works  to 
Ezra  Baker,  of  Kalamazoo,  for $6,000. 
Mr.  Baker  will  continue  to  reside  at 
Kalamazoo,  having  contracted  to  sell 
his  output  to  the  Sweet  Valley  Wine 
Co.,  of  Sandusky,  Ohio.

Detroit—Walter  L.  Abate,  Benjamin 
W.  Marvin  and  Justice  R.  Pearson,  all 
of  Detroit,  have incorporated  themselves 
as  the  W.  L.  Abate  Brass Works,  for 
the  purpose  of  manufacturing  and  sell­
ing  brass  goods  of  all  kinds.  The  cap­
ital  stock 
is  $10,000,  25  per  cent,  of 
which  is  paid  in.

Charlotte— M.  E.  Miller has  sold  his 
interest in the  Webster,  Cobb &  Co.  lum­
ber  concern  and  with  Fred  Z.  Hamil­
ton  will  conduct  a  lumber yard  here  un­
der the  firm  name  of  Miller  &  Hamil­
ton.  The  latter has  held  the  position  of 
Engrossing  Clerk  in  the  Legislature  for 
the  past  two  years.

For  Gillies’  N.  Y.  tea,  all  kinds, 

grades  and  priees,  phone  Visner,  800.

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

G ran d  R ap id s  R e ta il G rocers’ A sso ciation .
At  the  regular  meeting  of  the  Grand 
Rapids  Retail  Grocers7  Association, 
held  at  the  office  of  the  Michigan 
Tradesman  Tuesday  evening,  Sept.  5, 
President  Dyk  presided.
Thomas  Whalen,  grocer at  the  comer 
of  Straight 
street  and  Butterworth 
avenue,  applied  for  membership  in  the 
Association  and  was  accepted.

The  Executive  Committee  reported 
that 
it  could  secure  Danish  Hall,  on 
North  Market  street,  two  nights  a month 
for  $30  per  annum,  and  recommended 
that  the  proposition  be  accepted.  The 
report  was  accepted  and  the  Committee 
was  instructed  to  execute  a  lease  for the 
hall,  in  case  it  could  be  secured  on  the 
terms  stated.
The  Secretary  read  a  letter  from  D. 
A.  Boelkins,  Secretary  of  the  Retail 
Grocers’  Association  of  Muskegon, 
thanking  the  Grand  Rapids  grocers  for 
the  kind  reception  and  generous  enter­
tainment  received  on  the  occasion  of 
the  thirteenth  annual  picnic.  On  mo­
tion  of  Mr.  Lehman,  the  communication 
was  accepted  and  placed  on  file.

A  belated  communication  was  also 
read  from  Charles  Hyman,  Secretary  of 
the  Kalamazoo  Retail  Grocers’  Asso­
ciation,  inviting  the  members  of  the 
Association  to  participate 
in  the  first 
annual  picnic  of  the  retail  grocers  of 
Kalamazoo.

The  Committee  on  Picnic  reported 
that  all  the  bills  had  been  paid, but  that 
not quite  all  of  the  collections  had  been 
effected,  so that  it  would be necessary  to 
defer  the  final  report  until  the  next 
meeting.  Accepted.
The  Secretary  reported  that $123  was 
collected  for the  use  of  the  gentlemen 
who  undertook  to  secure  a  change  in the 
present  exemption 
laws  and  that  $124 
aad  been  remitted. 
Inasmuch  as  the 
collections  were  made  by  the  Commer­
cial  Credit  Co.,  Mr.  Lehman  moved 
that  a  check  for $10 be sent the  company 
for  its  services,  which  was  adopted.

Mr.  Lehman  called  attention  to  the 
fact  that  it  had  been  a  long  time  since 
the  millers  had  issued  a  flour  card  and 
suggested  that  the  Committee  on  Trade 
Interests  bring  the  matter to the  atten­
tion  of  the  local  millers  at  once.  Mr. 
Harris,  chairman of  the  Committee,  re­
ported  that  he  had  already  brought  the 
matter to the  attention  of  the  millers.

A  member called  attention  to the  fact 
that  several  of  the  grocery  stores  in  his 
vicinity  were  kept  open on  Sunday  and 
asked  what  could  be  done  to  compel  an 
observance  of  the  law.  He  was informed 
that  the  State  law  was ample to  meet the 
situation,  providing  some  one  has nerve 
enough to  make  the  requisite complaint.
Mr.  Brink  stated  that  the  same  abuse 
existed 
in  his.  vicinity,  but  he  would 
not  make  complaint  because  it  would 
cause  trouble  and  the  agitation  which 
would  ensue  would  naturally  result  in 
the  loss  of trade.

Mr.  Connelly  thought  the  best  way 
would  be  for  the  Secretary  to  notify 
each violater  by  card,  calling  his  atten­
tion  to  the 
law  and  warning  him  that 
he  must  desist keeping  open  on  Sunday 
or the  law  would  be  enforced.
The  Secretary  opposed  this plan,  call­
ing  attention to the  fact  that  letters  from 
the  Prosecuting  Attorney,  warning  mer­
chants  to  cease  violating  the  law,  had 
little  effect.
Mr.  Lehman  considered  the  question 
alien  to the  objects  of  the  Association, 
holding  that  the  prosecution  of 
the 
offenders  should  properly  be  made  by 
neighboring  merchants  and  by the clerks 
who suffered  by  reason  of  the  violation.
Election  of officers then being in  order 
the  chairman  appointed  Messrs.  Gray 
and  Connelly  as  tellers.  The  election 
resulted  as  follows :

President— F.  J.  Dyk.
First  Vice-President—J.  J.  Wagner. 
Second  Vice-President—E.  D.  Win­

chester.
Payne.

Third  Vice-President-----Chas.  W.

Fourth  Vice-President—Peter  Braun. 
Fifth Vice-President—Fred W.  Fuller. 
Secretary— Homer  Klap.
Treasurer—-J.  Geo.  Lehman.
The  election  was  in  each  case  by 
unanimous  vote,  and  those  present ac­
knowledged  the  election  in  pleasant

speeches,  thanking  the  Association  for 
the  honor  and  promising  to  serve  the 
organization  to  the  best  of  their  abili­
ties.
Mr.  Klap  moved  that  an  order  be 
drawn  on  the  Treasurer  for $1  for the 
Treasurer’s  salary 
for  the  past  year, 
which  was  adopted.

Treasurer  Lehman  reported  a  balance 
on  hand  of $373.58.  He  urged  that  the 
Executive  Committee  audit  the  books 
and  accounts  of  the  Secretary and Treas­
urer before  the  next  meeting.

There  being  no  further business,  the 

meeting  adjourned.

T h e  R oys  B eh in d   th e  C ounter. 

Adrian— The  Retail  Clerks’  Associa­
tion  has  secured  the  consent  of  thirteen 
of the  leading  merchants  to  close  their 
stores  at  6  o’clock,  except  Wednesday 
and  Saturday  evenings.

East  Jordan—Garfield  Myers, 

of 
Charlevoix,  is  now  head  clerk  at  Bridge 
&  Nicholls’  hardware  store.  He  was 
with  Schley  on  the  flag  ship  Brooklyn 
and  participated  in  the  destruction  of 
Cervera’s  fleet  off  Santiago.  He  was 
discharegd  from  the  service  for  injuries 
received  shortly  after the battle.

Ironwood— Louis  J.  Shafer,  a  regis­
tered  pharmacist  from  Grand  Rapids, 
has taken  a  situation  with  the  Ironwood 
Pharmacy.  Mr.  Shafer  is  also  an  ex­
pert  optician,  being  a  graduate  of the 
Detroit  Optical  College.

Homer—A  new  clerk  is  employed  in 
Andrews,  Wells  &  Co.’s grocery  store ; 
a  lady  clerk;  a  pasteboard 
lady  clerk. 
She 
is  one  of  the  advertisements  sent 
out  by  a  soap  manufacturing  firm,  but 
she  stands  behind  the  counter  in  the 
store  and  the  washtub  is concealed.  One 
of our citizens  walked  into  the  store  the 
other day  when  all  the  clerks  were  busy 
—all  except  the  lady  clerk.  So the  man 
sauntered  up  to  the  counter where  she 
stood,  and  said,  ‘ ‘ Say,  can  you  change 
a  dollar  for  me?”

Mt.  Pleasant—Wm.  Short, 

formerly 
with  Chatterton  &  Son,  is  now  in  the 
grocery  department  of  Butcher  &  Co.

Adrian—Alf.  B.  Thompson  has  taken 
the  position  of  prescription  clerk  in  the 
Treat  drug  store.

Petoskey— S.  Rosenthal  &  Son  have 
in  their house  furnishing 
a  new  clerk 
goods  department 
in  the  person  of 
Charles  Holliday,  formerly  clerk  in  the 
dry  goods  department  of  the  Alderton 
Mercantile  Co.,  at  St.  Johns.

Houghton—After a  continuous  service 
of  twenty-nine  years,  Richard  B.  Lang 
has  severed  his  connection  with  the 
Pope  mercantile  establishment  to  em­
bark  in  the  dry  goods  business  for him­
self, having secured commodious quarters 
in  the  new  Shelden-Calverley  block  on 
Shelden  street.  He 
left  Saturday  for 
Chicago  on  a  purchasing  trip  and  will 
visit  New  York  and  other Eastern  mar­
ket  centers before  returning.

Kalamazoo— Gilmore  Bros,  have  a 
new  clerk  in  their  dry  goods  store in the 
person of  R.  E.  Anderson, of Tecumseh.
Homer—Ray  Henshaw,  who  has  re­
cently  been 
in  the  employ  of  Buck  & 
Scott at  Hicksville,  Ohio,  has  returned 
to  Homer and  taken  a  position  as  clerk 
in  Geo.  W.  Feighner’s  shoe  store.

Montrose-----William  Schlachter  now
has  charge  of  the  Burrows & Greenbaum 
store.

Springport—Arthur  Swift  is  clerking 

in  E.  Comstock’s  grocery.
WANTED

A  manufacturing establishment  to  locate  in  the 
village of  Newberry,  1   flouring  mill  preferred, 
for which liberal inducements wiU be offered.  For 
further particulars apply to the undersigned.

FR A N K   SEYM OUR, 
Village Clerk,  Newberry, Mich.

(lrand  Rapids  Oossip

T h e  G ro cery  M arket.

Sugars— The  raw  sugar  market 

re­
mains  unchanged,  with  quotations  still 
on  the  basis  of 4
for 96  deg.  test  cen­
trifugals,  and  4  15-16C  for  89  deg.  test 
muscovadoes.  Offerings,  however,  are 
light  and  few  sales  are  made.  The  re­
ceipts  of  raw  sugars  for  the  near  future 
must  come  mainly from Java,  as no  other 
countries  can  send  sugars  until  the  new 
crops  mature.  Last  month  the  cane  crop 
of  Hawaii  for  1898-99 was  about  all  har­
vested  and  the  sugar  shipped  to  its  des­
tination  in  California  or New York.  The 
crop  will  exceed  that  of  last  year  by 
twenty-five  or  thirty  thousand  tons.  No 
very  large  business  is  being  done  in  re­
fined  and,  as  the  season  of  greatest  de­
mand  is  about  over,  only  a  fair business 
is  expected  for  some  time  to  come.  The 
sugar war  is  on  in  earnest  and  consider­
able  cutting  is being  done  by  the 
inde­
pendent  refiners.  Hards  are  unchanged, 
but  softs  are still being shaded  i-\6@%c. 
The  total  stock  of sugar  in  the  United 
States  is  184,643  tons,  against  251,528 
tons  at  this  time  last  year.

Canned  Goods—Seldom  has the  news 
from  packing  centers been  so  contradic­
tory  and  seldom  at  this  season  has  the 
actual  output  of  some  of  the  principal 
varieties been  so  uncertain.  Scarcely  a 
packer  can  tell  yet  what  his  output  of 
It  is 
com  and  tomatoes  is  likely  to be. 
sure  to  be  short,  but  that 
is  the  only 
certainty  about  it. 
If  the  strong  buying 
continues thirty  days longer there will be 
scarcely  any  canned  goods  to  sell.  Peas 
are  scarce  and  high  and  the  output  of 
the  com  and  tomato  crop  very uncertain 
and  the  high  price  of  cans  is  quite  an 
important  thing.  The  markets 
in  the 
LInited  States  on  canned goods are  barer 
to-day  than  they  have  been  for 
ten 
years,  and  canned  goods  bought  at  to­
day’s  prices  will  undoubtedly  prove 
good  purchases  in  a  short  time.  Corn 
continues  firm  at  about  previous  prices. 
Quotations  have  not  advanced  any,  but 
prices  are  firmly  maintained.  The  New 
York  pack  will  not  be  one-half  the  av­
erage,  and  there  is  much  apprehension 
regarding  the  quality.  Very  little  old 
stock  is  left,  and  what there  is  to be  had 
is  closely  controlled,  and  buyers  find 
difficulty 
in  securing  what  is  required 
to  fill  the  orders  for  immediate  con­
sumption.  The  consumption  of  com  in 
this  country  last  year  was  far  in  excess 
of  the  amount  anticipated,  and  already 
large  contracts have  been  made  for new 
com,  which  will  reduce  the  holdings  of 
the  packers  at  the  end  of  the  season. 
Succotash  is very scarce. 
It  is too early_ 
yet  to  say  what  the  pack  will  be,  but 
canners  are  making  preparations 
for 
more  than  an  average  pack.  Regarding 
tomatoes  there 
is  no  agreement  in  the 
statements  concerning 
Some 
packers  say  they  will  have  no  difficulty 
in  filling  their  orders,  while  others  say 
they  will  be  unable  to  fill  one-half  their 
contracts. 
It  appears  from  this that  the 
crop  is very  uneven  and  that  it  will  be 
difficult  to  say  what  the  output  will  be 
until  the  canning  season  is  over.  Dry 
weather  has  injured  the  crop  in  some 
sections,  while  in  others  the  damage  has 
been  due  to too  much  rain.  California 
canned  goods  are  high,  but  no  advance 
has  as  yet  taken  place.  Sardines  are  in 
moderate  demand,  with  a  reduction  of 
from  2j^@5c  per case  on  the  different 
grades. 
Indications  point  to  a  better 
run  of  fish  for canning  on  some  parts  of 
the  Maine  coast. 
situation  on 
canned lobsters is unchanged.  The pack-1

them. 

The 

ing  of  clams  on  the  Maine coast will  be­
gin  about  Sept.  15.  The  entire  pack  of 
Sockeye  salmon  has  been  sold,  with  the 
exception  of  a 
few  thousand  cases, 
which  the  packer  is  holding  at  5c  ad­
vance  over  former quotations.  The  pack 
of  this  grade  of  salmon  was  larger  than 
anticipated,  owing  to  a 
larger  run  of 
fish  the 
last  few  days  of  the  season. 
Preparations  are  now  being  made  for 
the  fall  pack  of  Columbia  River  salmon 
also.  Owing  to  the  late  run  of  spring 
pack,  fall  pack  will  probably  be  larger 
than  was  at  first  expected.  The  pack 
of  Alaska  salmon  will  be  large  this  year 
and  packers  will  be  able  to  fill  their 
contracts  in  full.

on 

everything 

Dried  Fruits— There 

is  nothing  of 
importance  to  say  regarding  the  dried 
fruit  business.  The  demand 
in  some 
lines  is  good  and  quotations  are  firmly 
maintained 
except 
peaches  and  apples.  Owing  to  the  cool 
weather,  the  grapes  are  ripening  very 
slowly  and  shipments  of  raisins  this 
year  will  be  almost  three  weeks  behind 
last  season.  We  strongly  advise buying 
old  raisins,  as  the  difference  in  price 
between  new  and  old  goods  will  be  very 
marked.  Opening  prices  are  expected 
daily  and  many  sales  have  been  made 
subject  to  opening  prices.  An  advance 
of  x/2c.  is  reported  on  seeded  raisins. 
Last  Saturday  Porter  Bros,  and  the 
Fresno  Home  Packing  Co.  purchased  at 
Fresno  125  carloads  of  3  crown  L.  M. 
raisins.  This  practically  cleans  up  the 
raisin  pack  of  1898.  These  goods are  to 
be  seeded,  and  as  new  seeded  will  not 
be 
in  the  market  before  the  latter  part 
of  October,  these  goods  will  all  go  into 
consumption  before  then.  Peaches  are 
declining  on  the  coast.  The  scarcity  of 
cans  has  thrown  back  large  quantities 
on  growers’  hands,  which  are  being 
dried,  largely  increasing  the  output  and 
depressing  prices.  The  quality  is  better 
than  the  average.  The  total  output  will 
exceed  1,500 cars,  according to  late  esti­
mates.  Apricots  are  unchanged  from 
previous  reports  and  the  outlook  favors 
high  prices  during  the  season.  The  out­
put  will  be  small.  The  crop  is  about 
sold  out,  comparatively  few  remaining 
in  first  hands. 
little 
business 
is  being  done,  owing  to the 
difference  between  buyers  and  sellers 
regarding  prices;  everything 
is  held 
firmly  up  to quotations.  The  first  ar­
rivals  of  Persian  dates  will  be  in  about 
Nov.  20.  The  first shipment  of  Smyrna 
figs  is  expected  in  this  country in  about 
thirty  days.  The  quantity  is  said  to be 
small  and  the  quality  uncertain.  Re­
ceipts  of  evaporated  apples  are  heavy 
and  prices  are  declining.

Comparatively 

Fish—The  continued  small  supply 
of  mackerel  keeps  prices  up  and 
limits 
demand.  The  prices  now  ruling are  the 
highest  for several  years.  There  is  an 
active  consuming  demand  for codfish 
and  stocks  are  probably  ample  for  all 
requirements.

Green  Fruits—The 

light  receipts  of 
lemons,  together with  the  small  quantity 
in  sight,  have  caused  a  marked 
now 
firmness 
in  the  lemon  trade  and  some 
advances  have  taken  place.  Buyers  an­
ticipate  a  higher  range  of  values  during 
the  remainder of  the  season.  'Very  few 
are  coming  forward  now,  as  the  season 
is  about  ended.  Bananas  are  about  the 
same  as  to  price  and  demand.

Rice—The  market  for  domestic  rice 
is  a  little  stronger.  Heavy  rains  have 
damaged  the  crop  somewhat  and  also 
prevent  the  planters  from shipping,  con­
sequently  the 
in­
creased  demand  have  strengthened  the 
market.

light  receipts  and 

Tea—-The  market  is  firm,  with  pros­
this 

increased  business 

pects  of  an 
month.

Rolled  Oats  -The  rolled  oats  market 
is  very  strong  and  an  advance  is  ex­
pected.  Millers  are  still  heavily  over­
sold.

Molasses—There 

is  a  slightly  better 

demand  for molasses  at  full  prices.

T h e  P ro d u ce  M arket.

Apples-  -None  Such  Pippin,  Wagner 
and  Cayuga  Red  Streak  are  strong  at  $2 
per bbl.  Cook ing  stock  commands $1.50 
per bbl.

Beets—25@30C  per  bu.
Butter— Factory  creamery 

is  held  at 
21c  and 
is  in  strong  demand.  Dairy 
grades  command  I2@i8c,  according  to 
quality.  The  receipts  of  choice  stock 
are  very  meager, 
in  consequence  of 
which  the 
is  compelled  to 
rely  on  creamery  and  such  new  dairy  as 
is  being  withdrawn  from  cold  storage.

local  trade 

Cabbage  -40c  per doz.
Carrots  30^350  per bu.
Cauliflower  $1^1.25  per doz.
Celery— i2(a 15c  per doz.  bunches.
Crab  Apples—Siberian  and  Tran­
scendent  are  in  ample  supply  at  5o@6oc 
per bu.

Cranberries  -$2@2.25  per bu.
Cucumbers—Greenhouse  stock 

is  ex­
hausted.  Outdoor  grown 
is  so  yellow 
and  unsightly  as  to be  scarcely  market­
able.
Eggs— Local  dealers  pay  I2j^c,  case 
count,  holding  candled  at 
I3j£@i4c- 
The  loss  averages  about  a  dozen  to  the 
case.  Considering  the  warm  weather 
which  has  prevailed  for  several  days, 
receipts  are  in  good  condition.

to 

lethargy 

incident 

Grapes  Wordens  and  Concords  com­
mand  8<$9C  for  4  lb.  baskets and  ioi/ i2c 
for 8  lb.  baskets.
Honey  Receipts  of  white  clover  are 
increasing,  in  consequence  of  which  the 
irice  has  receded  to  14c.  Dark  amber 
etches 9c.
Live  Poultry  -The  market  is  in  good 
is  rapidly  recovering  from 
shape  and 
the 
the  warm 
weather.  Broilers  are  in  good  demand 
at  ioc.  Fat  hens are  in  fair demand  at 
7c,while  medium  hens  are  in  strong  de­
mand  at  8c.  Spring  ducks  are  in  fair 
demand  at  6c,  while  old  ducks  are 
taken  in  a  limited  way  at  5c.  Hen  tur­
keys  find  ready  sale  at  9c.  Large  tur­
keys  are  in  good  demand  at 8c.  Spring 
turkeys  meet  with  ready  sale  at  ioc. 
Squabs  are 
in  active  demand  at  $1.25 
per doz.  Pigeons  are  in fair  demand  at 
50c  per doz.

Muskmelons—Osage  and  cantaloups 
fetch 60  per doz.  Rockyfords  command 
6o@70c  per bu.  crate.  The  rains  have 
come  too  late  to  prolong  the  crop  much 
longer.

Onions—5o@55c  per  bu. 
for  home 
grown.
Pears—Very  scarce.  All  choice  va­
rieties  readily  command  $i.25@I50. 
per bu.  Small  pears  easily  fetch $1.

Peaches—Are  coming  into  market  in 
larger quantities than  last  week,  but  the 
offerings  are  still  distressingly  small, 
compared  with  the  past  twenty  years. 
Barnards  and  Early Crawfords command 
$2@2.50.

Peppers—60c  per bu.
Plums— Receipts  are gradually  dimin­
ishing  and  the  end  is  not  far  oft.  Green 
gages  and  Lombards  command  $1.20, 
while  Purple  are 
in  strong  demand  at 
$1.50.
Potatoes—35@40C  perbu.  The  recent 
rains  have  come  too  late  to  help  early 
varieties,  which  are  getting  scarce,  but 
is  thought  that  late  potatoes  will  be 
it 
helped  very  materially.
Squash— Home  grown  command  \l/2c 
Sweet  Com—70c  per  doz.  for  Ever­

per lb.

Sweet  Potatoes—$2.50  per  bbl. 

green.
for 
Baltimore  Jerseys and  $2  for  Virginia.
Tomatoes—40@45c  per  bu.  The  re­
cent  rains  are  causing  the  tomatoes  to 
crack  badly,  which  tends to  injure  their 
appearance  and  render  them  unfit  for 
shipping.

Turnips—40©50c  per bu.
Watermelons-----Indiana  Sweethearts
command  I2>^@i5c.  Home  grown  are 
coming  in  freely,  fetching  8@ioc.

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

5

T h e  G rain   M arket.

Wheat  has been  depressed  during  the 
whole  week,  although  the  news was  gen­
erally  stronger,  for  the  winter  wheat 
shortage 
is  becoming  more  pronounced 
daily.  The  visible  only  showed  a  de­
crease  of  78,000  bushels  against  an 
in­
crease  of  1,220,000 bushels  for  the  cor­
responding  week 
last  year,  while  re­
ceipts  are  not  of  such  large  size  as  was 
anticipated 
in  the  Northwest.  Prices 
remained  about  the  same.  The  varia­
tion  was  not  y2c  during  the  week  and 
we  have  no  doubt  that  this  scarcity  of 
wheat  will  soon  make  itself  felt  in  all 
the  markets.

Com  has  been  very  steady,  as  the 
continued  hot  weather  has  been  very 
unfa  orable  for a  good  crop.

Oats  have  not  changed  any. 

If  any­
thing,  a  stronger  tone  has  prevailed, 
owing  to the  poor quality  of  late  thresh­
ing.  The quality is  not  near  up  to  what 
it  ought  to be.  Damage by  wet  weather 
is  the  cause.

Rye  keeps  up  its  strength  and,  as  the 

outkx)k  now  is,  will  remain  strong.

Flour  trade,  both  local  and  domestic, 
is  fair and  prices  are  very  steady,  but 
the  tendency  is  upward.  Mill  feed,  ow­
ing  to  the  drouth,  is  also  in  g<x>d  de­
mand  and  prices  are  well  sustained.
Receipts  by  rail  have  been  very 

lim­
ited  and 
show  small  movement  of 
wheat,  being  only  35  cars  (where double 
that  amount  was  expected),  10  cars  of 
com,  3 cars of oats,  5 cars of rye and only 
1  car of  hay.

The  mills  are  paying 64c  for  new  and 

66c  for old  wheat. 

C.  G.  A.  Voigt.

W.  L.  Lindhout  has  the  sympathy  of 
in  the  death  of  his  wife, 
the  trade 
which  occurred  Sunday,  Aug.  27,  as  the 
result  of  an  abdominal  cancer.  The 
funeral  was  held  at  the  family  resi­
dence,  286 Jefferson  avenue,  Aug.  30, be­
ing  conducted  by  Rev.  L.  W.  Sprague. 
The 
interment  was  in  the  Valley  City 
cemetery.  Deceased  had  been  married 
to  Mr.  Lindhout  ten  years  and  was 62 
years  of  age  at  the  time  of  her death.

Pickles-  Owing  to  the  damage  to  the 
growing  crop  by  drought,  manufacturers 
of  pickles  have  advanced  their  prices  to 
$4  f.  o.  b.  factory  basis,  establishing  an 
advance  of  §1  per bbl.  A  further ad­
vance  was  contemplated,  but  the  recent 
rains  will  probably  help  out  the  crop  so 
that  no  higher  prices  may  be  expected.
W.  R.  Brice  &  Co.  have again  opened 
their branch  house  in  the  city,  locating 
at  9  North  Ionia  street.  The  business 
is  in  charge  of  W.  J.  Kane,  who  has 
been  identified  with  the  house  for  sev­
eral  years  and  has  been  in  charge  of 
the  Grand  Rapids  branch  for several 
seasons.

C.  L.  Scoutten,  of  Pinconning,  whose 
drug  stock  was  partially  destroyed  by 
fire 
last  Sunday,  is  again  in  business, 
having  procured  new  quarters  and  pur­
chased  a  new  stock  from  the  Hazeltine 
&  Perkins  Drug  Co.

Edwin  J.  Gillies  is  expected  to arrive 
in  the  city  next  Tuesday  and  spend  the 
week  with  the  local  representative  of the 
house,  J.  P.  Visner.  This  is  the  first 
time  Mr.  Gillies  has  ever  visied  Grand 
Rapids.  ____ 

^____

Lee  M.  Hutchins,  Secretary  and 
Treasurer  of  the  Hazeltine  &  Perkins 
Drug  Co.,  is  spending  a couple of weeks 
with  his  family  at  Bay  View.

Geo.  F.  Owen  &  Co.  have  removed 
from  the  comer of  Louis  and  Campau 
streets  to  40  South  Division  street.

VOIGT MILLING CO.

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MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

6

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Proprietor

Star and  Crescent  Mills

Makers of

High  Grade Flour

Our Leaders

Royal  Patent 

Gilt  Edge 

Crescent 

Calla  Lily  White  Rose  Star

W e  are  sole manufacturers of Flouroigt,  an  improved  Whole Wheat Flour, with 

the bran  and  all impurities eliminated

W e are large  handlers  of  Bran,  Middlings,  Screenings  and  Corn  and  Oats 

Feed,  which we sell  on close margins.

W e gladly embrace this opportunity to thank  our customers for past patron­
age and to assure them that we shall undertake to  merit a continuance 

of their confidence and  esteem.

VOIGT  MILLING  CO.,

GRAND  RAPIDS, MICH.

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M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

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Stove Catalogue,  Implement  Catalogue,  Bob  Sled  Catalogue?

The  output  of  our  factory  is  higher  in  quality,  greater  in  quantity  and  variety  than  that  of 
any  other plant  in  Michigan.  Our  goods  are now  handled  by  i, ioo  retail  dealers  in  Michigan,  but 

we  would  like  to  increase  this  list  with  your  name.

E  f i ements <sons

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8

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

KHIGANfflADESMAN

Devoted  to the  Best  Interests of Business Men
P ublish etl  »t  th e  New  B lo d g ett  Building:, 

Grand  Rapid»,  b y  th e

T R A D E S M A N   C O M P A N Y

O ne  D o lla r  a   Y ear,  P a y a b le  in  A dvan ce.

A d v e rtisin g   Rate«  on  A p p licatio n .

Communications invited from  practical  business 
men.  Correspondents  must  give  their  full 
names and addresses,  not necessarily  for  pub­
lication. but as a guarantee of good  faith. 
Subscribers  may  have  the  mailing  address  of 
their papers changed as often as desired.
No paper discontinued, except  at  the  option  of 
the proprietor, until all arrearages are paid. 
Sample copies sent free to any address.

Entered  at the Grand  Kapids  Post  Office  as 

Second  Class mail  matter.

W h en   w ritin g   to  an y  o f  o u r  A d vertisers, 
please  say  th a t  you  saw  th e  ad v ertise­
m ent  in  th e  M ich igan  Tradesm an.

E .  A .  S T O W E ,  E d i t o r . 

WEDNESDAY,  -  -  SEPTEMBER  6.  1899.
This  Paper  has a  Larger  Paid  Circu­
lation  than  that  of  any  other  paper  of 
its class  in  the  United  States. 
Its value 
as  an  Advertising  Medium  is  therefore 
apparent.

S IX T E E N   Y E A R S   O L D .

issue  of 

With  the 

last  week 

the 
Tradesman  completed  its  sixteenth  year 
of  publication. 
issue, 
therefore,  marks  the  beginning  of  the 
seventeenth  year.

This  week’s 

Sixteen  years  appear  like  a 

long 
time,  measured  by  years,  but  consid­
ered  in  connection  with  the  career of 
the  Tradesman,  it  seems  but  yesterday 
that  the  initial  issue  was  sent  out  from 
the  little  room  on  the  third  floor  of  the 
Eagle  building-  not  with 
fear  ana 
trembling,  but 
in  the  confident  belief 
that  the  venture  would  meet  with  the 
recognition  and  approval  of  the  mer­
chants  it  aimed  to  serve.  The  Trades­
man  did  not  owe  its  existence  to a  sud­
denly-conceived  idea,  bom  of  the  neces­
sity  of 
its  promoter,  but  was  ushered 
into  existence  after  years  of  painstak­
ing 
investigation  and  consideration, 
undertaken  while  the  editor  was  identi­
fied  with  the  daily  press  of  Grand  Rap­
ids  in  reportorial  and managerial capac­
ities.  Constant  contact  and  association 
with  the  trade  during  this  time  enabled 
the  writer to  carefully  study  the  situa­
tion,  with  a  view  to  acquiring  such  a 
knowledge  of the  needs  and  necessities 
of  the  retail  merchant  and  the  require­
ments  of  the  different  sections  of  the 
State  that  the  mistakes  usually  made  by 
beginners  might  be  minimized  as  much 
as  possible.  Mistakes  were  probably 
made,  but  they  were  not  so  many  but 
that  they  were  charitably  overlooked  by 
a  generous  constituency.  The  Trades­
man  was  a  success  from  the  start- -not 
because  the  field  was  large  or the 
local 
support  was  lavish,  but because  the  pub­
lication  possessed  genuine  merit  and 
succeeded 
in  making  a  place  for  itself 
in  the  hearts  and  homes  of  the  men  and 
women 
it  aimed  to  serve,  from  which 
place  it  has  never been  dislodged by  the 
numerous 
rivals  which  have  been 
launched  at  this  and  other  markets. 
Ten  papers  have  been  started  with  the 
avowed  object  of 
the 
in  the  Michigan  field,  but 
Tradesman 
only  two  lusty  youths  are  now  in  exist­
ence,  and  neither  has  yet  reached  the 
age  of  two  years.

supplanting 

In  point  of  paid  circulation 

the 
Tradesman  has  always  been  particularly 
strong.  Actuated  by  the  theory  that one 
paper^  to  a  paid  subscriber  is  worth

more  to  ah  advertiser than  ten  papers 
sent  out  for nothing—and valued accord­
ingly  -the  Tradesman  has  always  pur­
sued an aggressive campaign along  these 
lines,  in  consequence  of  which its actual 
paid  subscription  list exceeds  in number 
that  of  any  other  trade  journal  of  its 
class  in  the  United  States.  This  result 
has  been  accomplished  without  the  sub­
terfuge  of  cheap  trial  subscriptions  or 
the  offering  of  premiums  purporting  to 
be  worth  more  than  the  price  of the 
paper. 
In  all  cases  the  publication 
has  been  placed  on  its  merits,  and  on 
this  basis  it  has  made thousands  of  firm 
friends  and  staunch  supporters,  most  of 
whom  apjiear  to  act  on  the  principle, 
“ Once  a  subscriber,  always  a 
sub­
scriber. ’ ’

The  Tradesman  greets  its  readers  this 
week  with  a  new  dress  of  type  through­
out,  and  has  several  other improvements 
in  contemplation,  which  will  be  brought 
to  the  attention  of  its  patrons  from  time 
to time. 
It  has  never been  the  custom 
of  the  Tradesman  to  announce  its  inten­
tions  beforehand.  Every  innovation  is 
carefully  considered  before it is adopted. 
“ Promise 
little,  do  much,”   is  a  motto 
which  is  as  applicable  to the  publishing 
as to the  mercantile  business.

The  Tradesman  gladly  avails  itself  of 
this  opportunity  to  thank  its  patrons-- 
both  subscription  and  advertising-  -for 
the  generous  manner  in  which  they have 
supported  the  publication ;  its  contribu­
tors  for  the  effective  way  in  which 
they  have  presented  their best  thoughts; 
its  employes  for  the  loyal  service  they 
have  rendered  the  publication  at  all 
times  and  under all  circumstances. 
It 
especially  wishes  to thank  those  volun­
tary  contributors  who  have  undertaken 
to  make  this  issue  of  the  Tradesman  the 
most  interesting  and  valuable  ever  put 
out  by  a  Michigan  publication.

is  a 

largest 

in  which 

it  is  located. 

Mrs.  M.  R.  Bissell,  President  of  the 
Bissell  Carpet  Sweeper  Co.,  commands 
the  largest  salary  and  probably  enjoys 
income  of  any  woman  in 
the 
Michigan.  She 
lady  of  excellent 
judgment 
in  business  matters and  has 
well-defined  ideas along  charitable lines 
which  she  puts  into  practical  execution 
in  her  own  way.  The  most  notable 
instance  of  her generosity  is  the  estab­
lishment  of  the  Bissell  House,  a  noble 
institution  which  was  created  by  her  for 
the  purpose  of  counteracting  the  effects 
of  ignorance  and  intemperance  on  the 
rising  generation  in  that  section  of  the 
city 
In  order 
that  the  objects of  the  institution  might 
be  understood  by  the  cohorts  of  the 
strike  and  boycott,  Mrs.  Bissell accepted 
an 
invitation  to  contribute  a  page  to 
the  labor  day  programme,  including  an 
engraving  of  the  building and  a  portrait 
of  herself.  Her  friends  can  imagine 
her  feelings  when  she  saw  a  copy  of  the 
programme  and  noted  that  the  com­
mittee in  charge  had  deliberately  under­
taken  to  insult  her by  placing  her  arti­
cle,  her  portrait  and  the  engraving  of 
her  building  directly  opposite  the  an­
nouncements  of  two  breweries,  appar­
ently  for the  sole  purpose  of humiliating 
her as  much  as  possible  and  giving  her 
and  her  co-workers  to  understand  that, 
no  matter how  much  they  may  seek  to 
alienate  the  children  of  union  men  from 
the curse of ignorance and intemperance, 
the  leaders of  unionism  will  checkmate 
their efforts  in all  possible  ways  and  un­
dertake  to  bring  them  and  their work 
into  ridicule  and  disrepute  on  every 
possible  occasion,

The  upper  leather trust  appears  to  be 

on  top;  but  it  has no sole  in  it.

A N   E X P E N S IV E   H O L ID A Y .

There 

is  probably  no  line  of  trade 
subject  to  so  serious  demoralization  on 
account  of  interruption  as  that  of the 
dealer  in  perishable  fruits. 
In  most  of 
the  other  lines  of  supply  and  demand 
there  may  be  idle  intervals without  seri­
ous damage, as the  products  do  not reach 
a  stage  at  which  they  must  be  utilized 
promptly  or  lost  as,  in  the  case  of  fruits 
and  similar  products.  Long  habit  en­
ables  the  weekly  occurrence  of  Sunday 
to  be  prepared  for and  managed  with­
out  seriously  interfering  with  the  busi­
ness  routine,  although 
its  influence  in 
arranging  shipments  and  in  timing  the 
markets  extends  nearly  through  the 
week.  The  introduction  of  another hol­
iday  during  the  week  is  always  a  source 
of  greater  disturbance  and 
loss,  as  it 
complicates  the  week’s  routine  usually 
timed  to  meet  the  requirements  of  Sun­
day.  To  make  the  damage  and 
inter­
ruption  the  most  serious  it  is  only  nec­
essary  to  make  the  holiday  follow  Sun­
day,  with  the  partial  holiday  of  Satur­
day  to  precede 
it.  Thus  the  selection 
of  labor  day  makes  one  of  these  triple 
interruptions,  and 
it  so  happens  that  it 
is  placed  at  the  height  of the  fruit  sea­
son,  as  though  it  was  designed  to  make 
all  the  trouble  and  damage  possible. 
Midwinter  and  midsummer  holidays 
taking  their  turns  through  the  days of 
the  week,  are  well  enough,  but 
the 
Tradesman  deprecates  so  unnecessary 
and  senseless  an  interruption  as  this, 
introduced  at  a  time  and  in  a  manner 
to work  the  greatest  possible  inconven­
ience  and  injury.

More  demoralization  has  been  oc­
casioned  in  the market  this  week by this 
holiday  than  is  likely  to  occur  from  any 
other  cause  during  the  season.  Know­
ing  that  the  stores  would  be  closed  dur­
ing  the  afternoon,  and that  the  average 
consumer  would  require  very  meager 
supplies,  because  the  hired  girls  have 
come  to  consider  labor day  one  of  their 
holidays  on  which they  are  not  expected 
to wash  or can  fruit  or  perform  any  du­
ties  out  of  the  usual  order,  very  little 
fruit  or  vegetables  were  offered  at  the 
Monday  market.  Tuesday  there  was  a 
rush  of  over-ripe  plums  and  other  fruits 
and  the  market  was  so  demoralized  that 
it  will  take  several  days  to  recover  from 
the  glut  and  havoc  caused  by  three  days 
of  comparative  inactivity.  The 
loss  to 
producers  by  an  interruption  of  this 
kind  is  without  any  redeeming  features. 
It  is  a  case  of  missed  opportunity which 
can  not  be  retrieved,  and  the 
loss  to 
the  dealers  in  less  marketable  stuff and 
broken  prices 
is  still  more  serious.  A 
healthy  trade  for  both  dealer and  pro­
ducer  is  one  maintaining  the  greatest 
steadiness  of  prices.

D O N E  IN   SIX   D A Y S .

It  has  been  usual  with  the  Trades­
man,  as  with  all  similar  publications, 
in  issuing  an  extra  large  edition,  to  be­
gin  the  task  of  preparation  and  print­
ing  a  fortnight  or more  before  the  week 
of  publication,  on  account  of  the  great 
amount  of  labor  involved  in  getting  out 
such  a  paper.  Thus  a  portion  of  the 
large  edition  is  usually  printed  before 
the  preceding  regular  issue  in  order to 
bring  the  work  of  the  week  within  the 
facilities of  the  office.

In the  current  issue  of the Tradesman, 
however,  circumstances  led  to a  depar­
ture  from  this  mode  of  procedure. 
It 
was the  intention  of  the  publishers  that 
this  anniversary  issue  should  be  only 
moderately  large,  and  about  forty  pages 
was  considered  as  likely  to  meet  the  re­
quirements,  so  the  work  of  execution

was  left  to be  done  during  the  week  of 
publication.  On  account  of  the  hearty 
and  unexpectedly 
liberal  response  of 
both  contributors  and  advertisers,  how­
ever,  it  soon  became  apparent  that  the 
edition  must  be  made  equal  in  size  to 
the  largest  ever  issued.

Only  the  most 

loyal  assistance  and 
hearty  co-operation  of  a 
large  force  of 
trained  employes  and  the  most  complete 
and  perfect  machinery  in  every  depart­
ment  could  make  such  a  task  possible. 
A  few  years  ago,  when  type  was  set 
by  hand,  enough  printers  for the  emer­
gency  could  not  have  been  obtained. 
Then,  also,  the  correspondingly  small 
facilities  in  the  press  and  bindery  de­
partments  would  have  been  insufficient.
On  Thursday  morning,  after  last Wed­
nesday’s 
issue  had  been  mailed,  the 
work  of  composition was begun and  soon 
one,  and  then  another,  and  finally  a 
third,  of  the  four  fast  cylinder  presses 
constituting  the 
the 
Tradesman  office  were  put  at  the  work. 
As  soon  as  a  section  of  sixteen  pages 
was  printed  on both sides,  requiring two 
runs  through the  press,  the  work  of  the 
folding  machine  began.  Four  of  these 
sections  had  to be  folded  separately  and 
then the  cover had to be  folded  by hand, 
to  complete  each  copy  of  the  paper. 
Not  until  all  the  printing  and  folding 
were  completed  could  the  work  of  gath­
ering  and  binding  begin,  requiring  a 
large  force  in  that  department.  To  be 
sure,  it  has been  necessary  to  run  even­
ings  until  a  somewhat  late  hour,  but, 
with  this  exception,  the  work  has been 
completed  within  six  working  days.

equipment  of 

Not  only  was  the  entire  work  of print­
ing,  which  also  included  the  “ breaking 
in”   of  a  new  dress  of  type,  done  in  the 
limited  time  stated,  but  the  work  of  il­
lustration,  including  nearly  all  the  por­
traits,  several  of  the 
large  engravings 
in  the  advertisements  and  many  of  the 
smaller  ones,  was  also  done  by  the 
Tradesman’s engraving  department  dur­
ing  the  same  time,  and  that  without  se­
riously  interfering  with its regular work.
The  Tradesman  is  not  usually  given 
to  sounding 
its  own  praises,  but  can 
scarcely  refrain  from  calling  attention 
to the magnitude  of the  undertaking,  and 
may  be  pardoned  if  it  ventures  the  as­
sertion  that  there  is  no  other  printing, 
engraving  and  bindery  establishment  in 
the  State  which  can  duplicate  this 
achievement.

The  Tradesman  has  received  frequent 
enquiries of  late  relative  to  ^the  Bristol 
Mercantile  Agency,of Milwaukee,  which 
has  an  agent  among  Michigan  mer­
chants  and  shippers,  soliciting  member­
ships  on  the  basis  of $30  per-year.  The 
Tradesman  has  been  unable  to  obtain 
any  very  definite 
information  concern­
ing  the  agency,  but  all  the  reports  thus 
far  received  are  of  an  unfavorable  char­
acter,  based  on  the 
indifffrence  with 
which  the  “ members”   are  treated  as 
soon  as the  §30  membership  fee  is  paid 
over to the  agent  of  the  institution.  The 
Tradesman  will  continue  its  investiga­
tion  of  the  subject,  with  a  view  to  ac­
quainting  its  readers  with  the  exact 
character of  the  organization.  On  gen­
eral  principles  it  is  well  for  merchants 
to  use  due  caution 
in  dealing  with 
strangers,  whether they  represent  collec­
tion  agencies  or any  institutions  whose 
responsibility  can  not  be  ascertained 
through  the  mercantile  agencies.

There  is  no knowing  how  much  prin­
ciple  an  officeholder  may  sacrifice  in 
order  to  keep  his  job.  The  man  who 
has no  principle  in  politics  gets  along 
most comfortably.

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

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the  pleasure  of  living,  thus  developing 
a  higher  civilization,  and  a  keen  appre­
ciation  of  the  gifts  of  the  creator.

Rural  life  in  Michigan,  with  its  great 
climatic  privileges  arid  the  many  things 
that  may  be  brought  to  contribute  to  a 
charming  country  home,  contains  with­
in  itself  profits  that  can not be indicated 
by  the  dollar sign,  and  it  is  my  convic­
tion that  upon  this  basis  of  a  broad  and 
highly  developed  horticulture  we  are 
building 
the  most  enlightened  rural 
communities,  which  add  to the  strength 
of the  commonwealth  and 
its  influence 
in  the  Nation.  Charles  W.  Garfield.

M ark  T w ain   on  th e  Jew’s.

from 

their 

The  Jew  is  not  a  disturber  of the 
peace  of  any  country.  Even his  enemies 
will  concede  that.  He  is  not  a  loafer, 
he 
is  not  a  sot,  he  is  not  noisy,  he  is 
not  a  brawler  nor a  rioter,  he is not quar­
relsome. 
In  the  statistics  of  crime  his 
presence  is  conspicuously  rare— in  all 
countries.  With  murder and other crimes 
of  violence  he  has  but  little  to  do;  he  is 
a  stranger to  the  hangman.  In the police 
court’s  daily  long  roll  of  “ assaults”  
and  “ drunk  and  disorderlies”   his  name 
seldom appears.  That  the  Jewish  home 
is  a  home 
in  the  truest  sense  is  a  fact 
which  no one  will  dispute.  The  family 
is  knitted  together  by  the  strongest 
affections;  its  members  show  each  other 
every  due  respect;  and  reverence  for 
elders  is  an  inviolate  law  of  the  house. 
The  Jew  is  not  a  burden on the charities 
of  the  state  nor of  the  c ity ;  these  could 
cease 
functions  without 
affecting  him.  When  he  is  well  enough, 
he  works;  when  he 
incapacitated, 
his  own  people  take  care  of  him.  And 
not  in a  poor and  stingy  way,  but  with 
a  fine  and  large  benevolence.  His  race 
is  entitled  to  be  called  the  most  benevo­
lent  of  all  the  races  of  men.  A  Jewish 
beggar  is  not  impossible,  perhaps;  such 
a  thing  may  exist,  but  there  are  few 
men  that  can  say  they  have  seen  that 
spectacle.  The  Jew  has  been  staged  in 
many  uncomplimentary  forms,  but,  so 
far  as  I  know,  no  dramatist  has  done 
him  the  injustice  to  stage  him  as  a  beg­
gar.  Whenever a  Jew  has  real  need  to 
beg,  his  people  save  him  from  the  nec­
essity  of  doing  it.  The  charitable 
in­
stitutions  of  the  Jews  are  supported  by 
Jewish  money,  and  amply.  The  Jews 
make  no  noise  about 
is  done 
quietly;  they  do  not  nag  and  pester and 
harass  us  for  contributions;  they  give 
us  peace,  and  set  us  an  example—an 
example  which  we  have  not  found  our­
selves  able  to  follow.

it ;  it 

is 

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

dozen  markets  and  have  no anxiety  con­
cerning  returns.

Another  point  in  which  we  have made 
very  rapid  progress,  recently,  is  the  one 
of  growing  a  better quality  of  fruits.  In 
every  fruit  growers’  meeting  the  ques­
tion  of  quality  has  assumed  more  im­
portance  in  these  later  years  and  we  are 
coming to  require  the  growing  of  varie­
ties  that  meet  the  demands  of  a  culti­
vated  taste.  We  are  not  satisfied  to 
plant simply the most productive variety, 
but  it  must  be  good  to eat.  We  have  so 
perfected  our  methods  of  shipping  that 
varieties  which  a  few  years  ago were 
scarcely  grown  because  of  tenderness  in 
shipment  are  now  handled  successfully 
and  reach  the  homes  of  the  consumers 
without  blemish.

In  no one  direction  has  greater  prog­
ress  been  made  than  in  the careful culti­
vation  of  fruit plantations.  The  old plan

rank.  This  general  recognition  of the 
importance  of  science 
in  practically 
helping  the  fruit  grower to  larger suc­
cess has been  awakened  and  maintained 
by  the  organizations  devoted  to horticul­
ture.  This  fact  has  become  so  widely 
known  that  the  visitor desirous  of  learn­
ing  the  facts  of  Michigan  fruitgrowing, 
upon  finding  a  locality  in  which  there 
has  been  special  success,  always  en­
quires,  “ What society have  you  here  de­
voted  to*fruit  interests?’ ’  The  press  has 
long  recognized  the  importance  of  giv­
ing  technical  information  to  its  patrons 
in  fruit  growing  districts,  and  every­
where  in  our  State  local  papers  devote 
considerable  space  to  reading  matter  re­
lating  to the  horticultural  development 
of their  region.

The  most 

important  development 
along  horticultural  lines  in  our State 
in 
the  last  sixteen  years,  however,  has been

10

M IC H IG A N   F R U IT .

W h y   I t  H u s   O utstrip ped   th e  O u tp u t  u f  

Sister  States.

Michigan  has  peculiar  advantages  as 
a  horticultural  State.  She  occupies  an 
unique  position  with  reference  to  mar­
kets.  We  can  not  acknowledge  that  any 
one  fruit  has  precedence  over  others 
in 
importance,  but  we  do  know  that  our 
climate  and  conditions  are  such  as  to 
allow  us  to  grow  a  very  wide  range  of 
fruits  for  our  own  use  and  for  market. 
Long  ago  our  climatic  advantages  be­
came  known  to  the  most  progressive 
people  in  our State,  and  the  early  suc­
cess  of  the  few  who grew  fruits  for  the 
West  and  Northwest  that  could  not be 
profitably  grown  elsewhere  in  our  lati­
tude  was  made  known  to  the  general 
planter  in  Michigan  through  the  efforts 
of  societies  organized  and  maintained 
for education  along  horticultural 
lines. 
Our  development  as  a 
fruit  growing 
State  has  been  largely  due  to  organiza­
tion.  We  have  outstripped  our  sisters 
in  many  things  because  the  elements  of 
success  have  not  been  confined  to the 
few,  but  have  been  disseminated  freely 
and  liberally  to the  many.

in 

Sixteen  years  ago  no  state 

the 
Union  was  so well organized horticultur- 
ally  as  the  State  of  Michigan.  The State 
Society  was  at  the  head  of  its  class  and 
auxiliaries  had  been  organized  all  over 
the  Southern  Peninsula.  The  State  was 
liberal 
in  furnishing  free  publications 
upon  horticultural subjects  so  that  the 
experience  of  the  very  best  growers,  as 
given  to the  meetings  of  the  State  Hor­
ticultural  Society,  was  disseminated 
freely  and  widely  over the  whole  State. 
The 
immediate  result  of  this  was  the 
development  of  experts  in  fruit  growing 
in  all  of the  leading  localities  suited  to 
the  culture  of  different  varieties  of 
fruits.  The  generosity  of  the  State  and 
the  open-handed  methods of  the  socie­
ties  awakened  the  same  generous  spirit 
among  the  growers  everywhere and there 
were  no  secrets  in  horticulture  that  were 
kept  from  the  masses.  To  this  fact  is 
due  the  success  of  our  State 
in  coming 
to the  front  as  a  fruit-growing  common­
wealth.

Perhaps  during  the  last  sixteen  years 
the  most  rapid  progress  in  horticulture 
has been  along  the  line  of  the marketing 
of  fruits.  We  have  learned  the  impor­
tance  of  strong,  attractive  packages. 
The  growers  have  become  successful 
not  only  in  developing  the  best  fruits 
for  market,  but  they  have  become  good 
business  men,  improving  their  methods 
and 
increasing  their  margins.  Grand 
Rapids  for some  years  has  enjoyed  the 
enviable  notoriety  of  being, 
for  the 
grower,  the  best  peach  market  in  Amer­
ica.  This  result  was  brought  about  by 
systematic  advertising  of  the  fact  that 
we  had  the  best  fruits  in  sufficient quan­
tity  to attract  buyers ;  and  we  were 
in­
dependent  enough  to say  to  the  handlers 
of  fruits,  “ If  you  want  our  product, 
come  to  us. ”   This  has  simplified  the 
whole  marketing  process.  The  growers 
bring  their  fruit  to the  market,  sell  to 
the  buyers,  get  their  checks  and  go 
home  with  a  finished  transaction.  This 
method  which  has  become  so  successful 
at  Grand  Rapids  has  spread  to a consid­
erable  portion  of  Western  Michigan and 
the  habit  is  growing  among  the  produ­
cers  of  selling  their  products  at  their 
doors.  In  this  manner the  producers  are 
enabled  to give  their best  thought  to the 
production  of  the  fruit  which  best  meets 
the  demands of  the  market,  and  do  not 
trouble  themselves  over  the  matter of 
dealing  with  the  commission  men  of  a

of  planting  the  trees  and  vines  and 
let­
ting  Nature  do the  rest  has  gone  out  of 
practice.  The  men  who  followed  it  have 
been  compelled  to  seek  other  occupa­
tions.  It  is  only  the  good  cultivator,  the 
man  who  recognizes  the  rights  of  or­
chards  to  be  as  well  taken  care  of  as 
fields  of  com  or  potatoes,  who  succeeds 
and  stays  in  the business.  We  have  de­
veloped  wide  areas  in  which  the  soil 
is 
given  up  almost  entirely  to  the  culture 
of  fruits  and  for  miles  and  miles  the  or­
chards  and  vineyards  are  taken  care  of 
after the  manner of  the  best  gardeners. 
Fruit  growers  have  succeeded  because 
of  their  recognition  of  scientific  prin­
ciples,  and 
in  the  diffusion  of  valuable 
information  that  has been utilized by the 
successful  the  Agricultural  College  and 
Experiment  Station  have  taken  a  lead­
ing  part.  The  fruit  grower who has  not 
upon  his  table  the  bulletins  of the  State 
Experiment  Station  is  not  in  the  front

the  utilizing  of  horticultural  informa 
tion  by  the  average  householder. 
I 
mean by  this  that  in  the  development of 
homes  the  peculiar  adaptability  of  our 
climate  to the  growing  of  a  wide  range 
of  attractive  things  for the  table  and  for 
the  embellishment  of  the homes has been 
taken  advantage  of  by  the  people  every­
where,  and  we  find  in the  gardens  of 
the  citizens  who  have  only  small  lots, 
as  well  as  in  the  orchards  and  gardens 
of  suburban  residents  and  general  farm­
ers,  examples  of  the  broad  range  of 
products  that  can  be  grown.  This  shows 
itself  as  truly  in  roses  and  tender  orna­
mental  plants  as  in  fruits,  and  the  rich­
est  results  from  the  development  of  hor­
ticulture  in  our State  accrue  to the  fam­
ilies  who  are  engaged  in building  at­
tractive  homes,  bringing  to them  a  di­
versity  of  fruits  and  adorning the  prem­
ises  with  attractive  shrubs and  annual 
and  herbaceous  plants that administer to

B a n k  B u rd en ed  w ith  S ilv e r Q uarters. 

From the Chicago Chronicle.

“ I  wish  some  one  would  tell  me  how 
I  could get  rid  of  this  silver,”   said  the 
paying  teller  in  one  of  the  Chicago 
banks  the  other  day. 
‘ ‘ I  have  in  the 
vault  $13,000  in  quarters,  and  I  can’t 
get  anybody  to  accept  them.
“ Most  of  them  come  from  the  street­
car  companies,”   he  continued,  “ and 
they  have  piled  up 
in the  vault  from 
month  to month. 
I  have  fixed  them  up 
in  nice  little  packages,  tied  them, with 
blue  and  pink  ribbon,  done  everything 
to  make  them  attractive,  but  all  to  no 
purpose.  People  don’t  want  them  and 
won’t  take  them.  If  it  wasn’t  for throw­
ing  the  bank’s  book  out  of  plumb  I 
might  plant  a  few  of  the  shiners  where 
they  would  do the  most  good,  but  I  can 
see  no  immediate  hope  for  putting  that 
solution  into  effect,  not  right  away.”
And  he  turned  to give  a  customer  a 
handful  of  paper  money  worth  a  few 
cents  as  it  was turned out  of  the  factory, 
but  worth  several  hundred  dollars to the 
man  who  accepted  it.  No demand  for 
bushels  of  silver  quarters,  but  active 
demand  for  all  the  paper  money  there 
is.  Queer country,  this  United  States.

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

11

R IC E

AND

M A T H E S O N

SUCCESSORS  TO

LAWRENCE & MATHESON

JAS.  H.  RICE,  Formerly  President  of the 

Fuller  &  Rice  Lumber  &  Mfg.  Co.

conm ssiO N   h e r c h a n t s  an d 
WHOLESALE  DEALERS  IN

W M .  B.  8 .  M A T H E S O N , 

M a n a g e r.

ORANGES,  LEMONS and  BANANAS

DATES,  NUTS,  FIGS,  ETC. 

PRODUCE  IN  SEASON.

OUR  R E P R E S E N T A T IV E S

P . & B. OYSTERS

P A C K E R S   O F   T H E   C E L E B R A T E D   B R A N D   O F

CLIFF  C.  HERRICK,  Traveling  Salesman.

O.  W.  HAGG8TROM ,  City  Salesman.

C.  C.  BUNTING,  M gr.  Petoskey  Branch.

20  &  22  OTTAWA  ST. 

GRAND  RAPIDS,  MICH.

OUR  O FFIC E   FO RC E

B.  C  PAQUETTE,  Ass’t  Manager.

W.  E.  VOGELSANG,  Head  Book-Keeper.

M l8 8   I.  CRONKHITE,  Head  Stenographer.

W.  H.  BUOKLEY,  Shipping  Clerk.

1 2

T H E   F L O U R   T R A D E .

M arvelous  C h an ges  o f  th e  P a st  T w en ty 

Y ears.

The  writer has  been  actively  engaged 
in  flour  milling  for  the  past  twenty 
years,  during which time there have been 
many  changes,  not  only  in  the  construc­
tion  of  mill  building,  arrangement  and 
kinds  of  machinery,  but  also  in  the 
plans  and  methods of operation.  Per­
haps  in  no  other  kind  of  manufacture 
have  the  changes in all departments been 
so  sweeping  and  so  radical.

Until  the  winter of  1878-9  millstones 
had  been  used  exclusively  in  this  coun­
try  for grinding  wheat  and  reducing  it 
to flour. 
It  so  happened  that  during  the 
very  first  year  in  which  the  writer  be­
came  actively 
interested  in  milling  in 
this  city  the  first  roller  mill 
in  this 
country  was  built 
in  one  end  of  the 
Washburn  Co.  mill  building  in  Minne­
apolis. 
It  was  an  experimental  mill  of 
ic» barrels’ capacity and was regarded as 
rather a  wild  departure. 
Its  operation 
and  products  awakened  the  keenest 
in­
terest  among  wide  awake  millers,  to 
whom  it  soon  became  evident  that  rolls 
would  eventually  displace  the  time-hon­
ored  millstone.

For  the  first  few  years,  however,  the 
change  was  very  gradual,  not  only  on 
account of the  loss of  time  and  expense 
to be  incurred,  but  because  many  mill­
ers  were  skeptical  regarding  yields  and 
profits  to be  obtained.  Then,  again,  a 
great  many  millers  who  did  put  them 
in  used  them  only  for breaks  and  clung 
to  millstones  for  the  final  reduction of 
middlings.  As  a  consequence,  we had 
for  several  years  in  this  country  a  great 
many  conglomerate  mills  which  were 
neither one  thing  nor  the  other,  so  that 
the  working  out  and  away  from  mill­
stones  and  gradually  changing  the  mills 
over to conform  to the  roller system  not 
only  took  several  years of  time,  but  also 
cost  the  millers  of  this  country  millions 
of  dollars.  To-day  the  use  of  rolls  for 
the  manufacture  of  flour  is  well-nigh 
universal.

About  twelve  years  before  the 

intro­
duction  of  rolls  American  millers  began 
to  give  more  careful  attention  to  purifi­
cation,  which  is  really  the  central  idea 
of  milling.  Work  began  along  this  line 
by  experimenting  with  middlings,  a 
product  which  the  miller  in  those  days 
made  as  small  a  quantity  of  as  possible, 
and,  having  made  them,  they  were  con­
sidered  worthless  for  anything  but  the 
feed  pile.

Various  methods  and  devices  were 
used  to  eliminate  impurities,  some  by 
gravity  and  others  by  blasts  of  air,  until 
finally  in  the  year  1870-1  a  machine 
styled  a  middlings  purifier was  made by 
E.  N.  LaCroix  for Geo.  H.  Christian, 
manager of  the  Washburn  Mill  at  Min­
neapolis,  which  was  patterned  after  a 
machine  Mr.  LaCroix  had  seen  in oper­
ation  in  France.  The  success  and  value 
of  the  principle  of  this  machine,  as  ap­
plied  to  milling,  has  been  phenomenal. 
Soon  after  the 
installation  of  the  first 
machine  Mr.  Christian  ordered  another 
and  near  the  close  of  1871  a  Mr.  Archi­
bald,  of  Dundas,  secured  a  LaCroix 
purifier  and  began  to  experiment  by 
saving  the  purified  middlings and  care­
fully  reducing  them  to flour.  About  100 
barrels  of  this  refined  flour  was  con­
signed  to  Plummer  &  Co.,  of New York, 
a  part  of  which  was  sold  in  New  York 
and  a  part  in  Boston.  This  flour  met 
with  so  much  favor that  within  a  short 
time  the  price  of  spring  wheat  patents 
had  advanced  $3  per barrel  over their 
regular grades.  Before  the  close  of  the 
year  1872  patent  flour  was  selling  in

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

New  York  at $14  per  barrel  and  wheat 
was  ranging  in  price  during  this  period 
at  from 60 cents to $1  per bushel.

This  incident 

is  a  matter  of  well- 
known  milling  history  and 
is  simply 
mentioned  here  to  bring  out  more  clear­
ly  the  origin  and  first  marketing  of  pat­
ent  flour  in  this  country  and  its  effect 
upon  the  milling  business.  The  great 
success  won  by  the  use  of  the  middlings 
purifier  was  rapidly  heralded  over the 
country  and  winter  wheat  millers  very 
soon  began  to  use  it  until  now  it  is  con­
sidered  as  indispensable  for  cleaning 
and  purifying  middlings as  rolls  are  for 
grinding.

Prior  to  the  introduction  of  purifiers 
middlings  were  being  rebolted 
and 
ground  to  some  extent,  but  only  a  me­
dium  grade  of  flour was  produced.  The 
result  of  the  purifier,  therefore,  has been 
to  completely  revolutionize  the  method

the  roll,  as  applied  to  milling,  was  op­
portune  and  has  proven  to be  very  effi­
cient,  not  only 
in  making  more  mid­
dlings,  but  also  making  them  in  such  a 
way  as to gradually  remove  some  of  the 
impurities  while  they  were  being  made 
and  which  were  ground  so  fine  when 
stones  were  used  that  it  was  impossible 
afterwards  to eliminate them.  Hence the 
roller  process  has  been  styled  “ gradual 
reduction  milling’ ’  and  the  result  has 
been a  purer and  whiter flour.

As  purification  is the  thought  always 
to be  kept  in  mind  by  the  flour  manu­
facturer,  the  work  should  begin  very 
naturally  with  the  wheat berry itself  and 
every  successful  miller very carefully se­
lects  the  best  line  of  wheat  cleaning 
machinery  he  can  find.

During  the  past  twenty  years  many 
improvemens  have  been  made along this 
line  until  now  a  kernel  of  wheat  in a

sizes  and  styles,  many  of  which  are  still 
in  use  and  very  favorably  regarded.

Along  with  this  change  another  prin­
ciple—-that of  the  rotary sieve—has  been 
successfully  used  for bolting  and,  as  a 
result,  we  have 
the  plan-sifter,  the 
swing  sifter,  gyrator,  hammock  swing 
sieve  bolter,  the  Columbus  bolter, 
the 
Richmond  sifter,  the  Universal  bolter 
and  numerous  others;  in  fact,  such  is 
the  variety  of  bolting  devices  of  various 
kinds  that  millers  are  somewhat  at  sea 
in  trying  to  choose  between  them,  for 
while one  miller  is  putting  in  machines 
applying  the  rotary  sieve  principle,  an­
other may  be  taking  them  out  and  put­
ting  in  round  reels  or a  modification  of 
them.  The  bolting  system,  therefore,  is 
undergoing  experimental  changes  and, 
as  both  the  round  reel  and  the  rotary 
sieve  have  strong  advocates,  we  must 
wait  for  the  survival  of  the  fittest,  un­
less  a  different  principle  or  plan for sep­
arating  flour  is  found  which  shall  super­
sede  them  both.

Various  small  devices  helpful  to the 
miller  have  been  invented  during  this 
period,  but  those  which  have  wrought 
the  great  changes  have  already  been 
mentioned.

Along  with  this  complete  chang 

in 
mechanial  devices  for milling has  -  me 
a  more  definite  and  complete  am  ce­
ment  of  machinery,  for  which  thi  »n- 
terprising  mill 
ill 
builders  of  this  country  are  entitle:  to 
much  credit.

furnishers  and 

The  old-fashioned  mill  was  a  «.  u- 
glomeration  of  machinery,  elevates, 
spouts and  bins,  through  some  parts  of 
which  a  man  could  scarcely  crawl. 
It 
was  dirty  and  dusty  and  a  regular  fire- 
trap.  The  modem  mill 
is  as  nea  iy 
automatic  as  possible  and  is  arranged 
on a  systematic and  definite  plan;  it  s 
kept  clean,  the  elevators  and  machine  > 
are  in  parallel  lines  and  the building  is 
so  constructed  as to  reduce  the  fire  ha. 
ard  to  a  minimum.  Changes  in the com­
mercial  department  have  been  quite  »- 
radical  as  in  the  mechanical  and  struc­
tural.  Twenty  years  ago  the  averag.. 
miller of  the  country  was  doing  chief! 
a 
local  business  and  whatever surplu. 
was  manufactured beyond  the  needs  o 
his  local  trade  was  consigned  to  a factoi 
or broker  in one  of  the 
large  Eastern 
cities  and  sold  on  the  market  for the 
miller’s  account,  under  some 
letter  or 
brand  designated  by  the  commission 
man  so that the  miller  rarely  ever  knew 
who the  consumers  of  his  product  were 
or what they  actually  paid  for  it.

of  grinding,  for the  miller  now,  instead 
of  making  as  small  a  quantity  of  mid­
dlings  as  possible,  is  constantly  striving 
to  see  how  many  good  middlings  he  can 
make.

This  came  about  even  before  rolls 
were  introduced,  but  not  with  so  great 
a  degree  of  success.  However,  such  was 
the  demand  for high  grade  patent  flour 
made  from  purified  middlings that many 
mills  changed  from  low  to high grinding 
on  millstones  in  order to  produce  more 
middlings, 
in  other  words,  where  mill­
ers  had  been  crowding  through  from 
twenty  to  thirty  bushels  of  wheat  per 
hour,  the  quantity  was 
in 
some  cases  to  from  seven  to  twelve 
bushels  per hour,  in order that by  care­
ful  and  more  gradual  reduction  a  larger 
quantity of middlings could be produced.
As  gradual  and  careful  reduction 
seemed  to be  absolutely necessary  in the 
production of  middlings,  the  advent  of

reduced 

first-class  mill  has  the  appearance  of 
being  planed  and  polished  before  it  is 
first broken  by  the  rolls,  and  yet  there 
still  cling  to  it  and in  the  crease  of  the 
berry  impurities  which  are  taken  out on 
the  first  break  roll,  so that in many  mills 
the  work  done  by  the  first break  is  sim­
ply  considered  a  continuation  of  the 
wheat cleaning process, for whatever flour 
is  made  on  this  break  has  a  sort  of  blu­
ish  cast  and  is  sent  to the  low  grade 
reels.

To  further  perfect the  system  of  puri­
fication  so  well  begun by  wheat  clean­
ers,  middlings  purifiers  and  rolls,  the 
milling  fraternity,  and  particularly  the 
active  mill  builders  and  furnishers,have 
for  the  past  few  years  been  directing 
their attention  mainly  to the bolting sys­
tem.  The  old-fashioned  long  hexagon 
reels have  been  for  the  most  part  re­
placed by  shorter  round  reels,  centrif­
ugals  or  inter-elevator  bolts  of various

large, 

The  radical  changes  in  flour mill  ma­
chinery  came  simultaneously  with  the 
gradual  opening  up  and  development  of 
lands  in  the 
the  vast  area  of  wheat 
Northwest.  The  margin  of  profit 
in 
those  days  was 
the  supply  of 
wheat  seemed  inexhaustible  and,  with  a 
growing  domestic  and  foreign  demand, 
it  is  no wonder that  large sums of money 
were  invested  within  a  few  years in con­
structing  mammoth  merchant  mills  in 
different  parts  of  the  country  where 
wheat  could be advantageously obtained, 
until  at  last  mill  building  seems  to have 
been overdone  and the  business  in  some 
localities  became  unprofitable. 
This 
vast  increase 
in  output  within  a  short 
time  brought  about  the  fiercest  of  com­
petition  and  has  led  each  individual 
mill  owner  to  try  to  come  into  closer 
touch with the  consumers of his product. 
The 
leading  merchant  millers  of  the 
country  to-day  are  represented by  sal­
aried  salesmen  in  the  field and  sell  by 
far the  largest  part  of their  flour  under 
their  own  mill  brands,  thus  building 
up  a  permanent business  and  securing

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

» « g a g a a a a a aftagg a .a .a sQ

13

ON THE RAGGED EDGE OF THE LAW?

No, the law does not trouble us; 
neither will  it  trouble  you,  Mr. 
Grocer,  if you buy Silver Brand 
Cider  Vinegar.  There  are  no 
better goods  made  than  these.

Sweet cider,  prepared  to  keep 
sweet,  furnished  October 
to 
March  inclusive.
A  strictly  first-class  article;  no 
trouble from fermentation,burst­
ing of barrels or loss by becom­
ing sour.
GENESEE  FRUIT  CO.

L A IM 8 IN G .  M IC H .

W e  G uarantee

Our brand of Vinegar to be an ABSOLUTELY  PURE APPLE- 
JUICE  VINEGAR.  To any person who will analyze it and find 
any deleterious acids or anything that is  not  produced  from  the 
apple, we will forfeit

ONE  HUNDRED  DOLLARS

We also guarantee it to be  of  not  less  than  40  grains strength. 
We will prosecute any person found using our package» for cider 
or vinegar without first removing all traces of our brands therefrom.

Robinson Cider and  Vinegar Co.,  Beit» Harbor. Mich.

J  ROBINSON,  fUmager.

3  similar guarantee? 

J   This is the guarantee we give with every barrel of our  vinegar.  Do  you  know  of any  other 
3   manufacturer who has sufficient confidence in his output to stand back  of  his  product  with  a 

ROBINSON  CIDER  A N D   V IN E G A R   CO.

® r in r r T Y r T m n n m m r r T r y ir r T m n r r T Y r ffY Y r ^

Date  Stamp  like  this  sent  by 

mail  anywhere for aoc.

B l a n k   B o o k s !

■

'}• 

I ■ DEC:  ö 

'  ■
'HOA.- 8  e 
'OC 1  :  ?  CO  
O E b  
O O
:vn eO :;0CV

Sample of type.

fiPT.  1st,  1899

A  good  full  leather  bound  Ledger  or 
Other 

for  $1.50. 

Journal,  600  pages, 
books  from  5c  to  $10.00.

Office  Knickknacks,  everything  the 
office  man  need,  excepting money,  Letter 
Files,  Bill  Files,  Document  Files,  Letter 
Presses,  Copying  Books,  Typewriter  sup­
plies,  Note  Books,  Paper  and  Ribbons.

THIS  FI Lb 20c.

\  good  Fountain  Pen

for $1.00

and  other  good  ones  for  $1.50 
:o  $4.00

All  Blank  Forms,  Notes, 
Drafts,  &c.,  dated  with  189—
at  Half Price.

WILL  M.  HINE,

Cor. Arcade ft Pearl-St.

GRAND  RAPIDS, 

MICHIGAN.

Made Secure and Reinforced with Linen.

JUUULSj

BOOR’S Bniir’s MM Goilees

the  world  in  the  two  greatest  essentials  to  the 
B eat 
retailer— Q U A L I T Y   and  P R O F I T .  Grocers  who  use 
them  say  that  w ith  our  brands  it’ s  once  bought  always 
used.  A nd  we  can  sell  them  to  pay  you  a  handsom e 
profit. 
It  will  pay  you  to  get  our  sam ples  and  prices—  
that  is, 
if  you  are  in  the  business  to  m ake  money.
Som e  exceptional  bargains  in  T ea s  just  now.  W rite  or 
ask  salesman  when  he  calls.

THE J. M. BOUR GO.,:129 Jefferson  Avenue,  Detroit,  Mieli. 

13-115-H7 Ontario S t., Toledo, Ohio.

*

14

a  uniform  steady  demand  for their prod­
ucts.

Margins  of  profit  have  been  reduced 
to a  minimum,  and  the  miller  who  suc­
ceeds  now  must  know  how  to  economize 
and  cut  the  comers;  in  other  words,  he 
must  have  his  business  well  in  hand.  It 
will  not  do  to  follow  the  old  plan  of 
making^ an  occasional  yield  and  then 
run  along  in  a  haphazard  sort  of  style, 
but  he  should  so  arrange  to  pack out and 
weigh  his  products  as  to  know  exactly 
how  much  wheat  he  is  using  to  make  a 
barrel  of  flour each  day.  Then,  again, 
nothing  must  be  allowed  to  go  to  waste, 
for  it  is  the  small  leaks,  particularly 
in 
a  flour  mill,  which  eat  up  the  profits.

It  njay  be  said,  without  fear of  suc­
cessful  contradiction,  that  the  people  of 
this  and  every  other country  where  flour 
is  used  have  been  greatly  benefited  by 
the  radical  changes  made  in  the  manu­
facture  of  flour and  in  the  development 
of  the  milling  business  during  the  past- 
twenty  years.  The  result  has  been  not 
only  to  produce  purer but  also  cheaper 
bread,  and  while  many  small  millers 
who  could  not  afford  to keep  up with the 
procession  have  suffered in consequence, 
the  masses have  been  greatly  benefited.
What  the  next  twenty  years shall bring 
forth  the  writer  will  not  venture  to  pre­
dict. 
In  almost  every  line  of  business 
consolidation  seems  to  be  the  theme  of 
the  hour  and  the  milling  business  has 
not  escaped.  In  different  localities  mill­
ers  have  joined  forces,  but  for the  most 
part  only  those  in  the  same  immediate 
vicinity  have  united  their  interests.

Recentlv,  however,  the  United  States 
Milling  Co.  has  been  incorporated,  tak­
ing  in  the  mills of New York  City,  Syra­
cuse,  Buffalo,  Milwaukee,  Duluth  and 
a  part  of  those  in  Minneapolis.  The 
mills of  this  new company  have  a  daily 
capacity  of  about  50,000 barrels  of  flour 
and,  bv 
its  organization,  a  certain 
amount  of  competition  between  large 
mills  has  been  eliminated  and  a  large 
saving  can,  no  doubt,  be  effected  in  the 
manufacture  and  sale  of  the  output. 
The  chief  question  after all,  however, 
is .who  will  be  benefited  and  what  will 
be  the  final  result  of  a  consolidation  of 
the  flour  milling  interests?

For various reasons the writer has been 
skeptical  about 
its  being  a  successful 
business  venture,  but  a  beginning  has 
been  made  and  the  question  is before 
us  for consideration. 
It  has  been  said 
that  he  who  makes two  blades  of  grass 
grow'  where  one  grew before  is  a  bene­
factor  of  his  race,  but  it  occurs to the 
writer  that 
if  the  producer controls  the 
grass  and  should  ask  everybody  to  keep 
off,  the  situation  would  be  somew'hat  re­
versed.

In  vast  combinations  of  capital  and 
energy  there  are  great  possibilities  for 
good  as  well  as  evil  and  doubtless  much 
of  the  suspicion  of  evil  aroused by  agi­
tators  against  corporations  has  been  un­
warranted,  and  yet  human  nature  is  the 
same  the  world  over—always selfish  and 
grasping.  Would  it  not be  wise,  there­
fore,  for  our  statesmen  to  frame  and 
enact  restrictive  laws  limiting  the  pow­
ers  of  corporations  wherever  they  are 
likely  to become  a  menace  to the  public 
welfare?

The  manufacture  of  flour  is,  perhaps, 
the  most  important business  of  a  world­
wide  nature,  and 
if  consolidation  of 
milling 
is  inevitable,  let  us 
interests 
hope  that  such  legislation  shall  be  en­
acted  as  will  give  to the  people  their 
just  share  of  the  saving  to be effected.
William  N.  Rowe.
There’s  one  trade  combination  that 

sure  to be  sat  upon—the  chair trust.

C O A L   T R A D E .

H ow   I t   Han  D eveloped  in  T h irty   Year».
S.  P.  Bennett,  the  pioneer coal  deal­
er,  brought  the  first  coal  to  Grand  Rap­
ids  in  a  commercial  way  in  1869.  .  This 
coal  was  shipped  by  boat  from  Buffalo 
to  Grand  Haven,  thence  by  river  to 
Grand  Rapids.  By  the  time  it  was  de­
livered  in  the  bins  of  the  consumers 
it 
was  a  luxury  indeed,  costing  about  $15 
per ton.

companies 

in  Grand  Rapids. 

In  1883  there  were  but  three  coal  and 
wood  yards 
The 
total  amount  of  coal  of  all  kinds  sold 
during  that  year  perhaps  did  not  ex­
ceed  twenty  thousand  tons;  in  fact,  this 
would  be  a  very 
liberal  estimate. 
There  were  ten  or twelve  wood  yards  at 
this  time;  in  other  words,  perhaps  a 
dozen  places  where  wood  could  be  pur­
chased.  However,  nobody  ever  thought 
of  patronizing  a  wood  yard  unless  it 
was  impossible  to obtain  it  at  the  pub­
lic  market.  The  wood  dealers  of  1883 
eked  out  a  precarious  livelihood,  their 
sales  being  confined  to  small  lots  on 
stormy  days.  It  is  impossible  to  furnish 
any  authentic  wood  statistics,  for  the 
reason  that  nearly  all  of  the  wood  used 
in  Grand  Rapids  sixteen  years  ago  was 
cut  by  farmers  in  the  immediate  vicin­
ity.  of  Grand  Rapids  and  hauled  in  by 
team,  largely  during  the  winter  months. 
Many  old  residents  will  recall  the  time 
when  hundreds  of  loads  of wood,  com­
ing  from  all  directions,  were  lined  up 
on  the  old  Waterloo  street  market  and 
later on  at  the  Comstock  market.  To­
day  a  load  of  wood  on  the  market  is  al­
most  a  novelty.  There  are  probably now 
two  hundred  places  in  Grand  Rapids 
where  wood  can  be  bought  and there  are 
at 
least  fifty  concerns  making  a  spe­
cialty  of  wood.  There  are  perhaps  a 
dozen 
in  Grand  Rapids 
which  sell  five  thousand  cords  or  more 
per annum  each.  Notwithstanding  this 
in  the  wood  busi­
wonderful  evolution 
ness  in  sixteen  years,  it  is  of  little 
im­
portance  compared  with  the  growth  of 
the  coal  trade,  which  has  reached  such 
gigantic  proportions  that  few  people 
have  any  conception  of  its  magnitude. 
There  are  now  in  Grand  Rapids twenty- 
five  legitimate  fuel  dealers,  handling  a 
total  of  not  less  than  two  hundred  thou­
sand  tons  of  coal  and  one  hundred  thou­
sand  cords  of  wood  per annum.  That the 
casual  reader  may  form  a  clear  concep­
tion  of  what  these  figures  represent  let 
us  analyze  them :  This  amount  of  fuel 
represents 
in  dollars  and  cents  nearly  a 
million  dollars  to  the  manufacturing 
industries  and  householders  of  Grand 
Rapids  per annum  -in  round  numbers 
twenty-five  hundred  dollars  a  day. 
If 
this  vast  amount  of  fuel  were  to  be 
placed 
it  would 
make  785  trainloads  of  thirty-five  cars 
each.  To be  more  graphic,  it  would  re­
quire  one  hundred  and  forty-five  thou­
sand  wagons  to  load  all  this  fuel  at  one 
time,  which,  if  drawn  up  in  line,  would 
form a  procession  reaching  from  Lake 
Michigan  to  the  Atlantic  Ocean. 
It  is 
not  our  intention  at  this  time  to esti­
mate  the  number of  men  gaining  a  live­
lihood  from this industry.  Suffice to  say, 
if  we  include  the  wood  choppers,  min­
ers,  railroad  employes  and  teamsters, 
together  with  other  employes  directly 
and 
industry  of 
Grand  Rapids  to-day  is  not  to be  over­
looked ;  in  fact,  it 
is  one  of  the  chief 
mercantile  pursuits  of  Western  Michi­
gan and  the  Valley  City  and  isconstant- 

in  cars  at  one  time 

indirectly, 

the  coal 

is  ly  growing  in  importance.

Arthur S.  Ainsworth.

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

I  

1  \  

11
j  Bananas 
j 
i  Lemons
I  will jf| 
i 5 North Ionia Street, Grand Rapids, Mich.
I  Frank  T.  Lawrence

A re  specialties  which  I  desire  to  se 
cure  your  orders  for  and  will  make  || 
close  prices  to  prompt  payers. 
give  good  values  in  every  instance. 

I

II

W holesale
M anufacturers
of

Pants,  Overalls, 

Shirts,  Duck  Coats

A nd  Jobbers  of

Cotton  and 
Woolen  Fabrics
Grand Rapids, Mich.

61 and 63 Market Street, 

30 to 36 Louis Street,

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

15

Dry Goods

T h e  D ry   Good»  M arket.

sales. 

immediate  supply 

Staple  Cottons  -The  staple  cotton  sit­
uation  is but  little  changed  and  contin­
ues  firm.  On  some 
lines  prices  have 
advanced.  The 
is 
unusually  small,  and  there  are  riiore 
lines  in  which  there  is  absolutely  not  a 
piece  on  the  market  than  there  have 
been  in  years  past.  This  last 
is  espe­
cially  true  of  heavy brown  sheetings and 
drills.  Of 
late  there  is  a  decided  scar­
in  four-yard  sheetings,  which  are 
city 
very  much  oversold. 
In  other  heavy 
sheetings  the  market  is  strong,  and  the 
light  weights  are  improving.  Duck 
is 
firm,  with  an  occasional  advance,  and 
is  meeting  with  good 
The 
bleached  goods  situation  is  unchanged, 
with  the  demand  steady  and  an  occa­
sional  advance. 
Shirtings  and  cam­
brics  are  the  leaders.  Ticks  and  den­
ims  are  scarce,  and  are  both  very  firm.
Prints  and  Ginghams— Fancy  calicoes 
have  met  with  a  very  fair demand  dur­
ing  the  past  week  and,  although  the 
buying  has  been  distributed,  and  some 
of  the  agents  have  had 
little  business 
in  this  line,  the  rule  is  that  all  are  very 
well  satisfied.  The  agents  who  are  dis­
satisfied  with  the  amount  of business 
during  the  past  week  are  talking  of  a 
drop  in  the  price.  In  fact,  already some 
dealers  have  made  discounts.  But  as 
this  is  not  the  general  rule,  we  do not 
believe  that  the  present  firmness  of  the 
market  will  be  shaken  to  any  consider­
able  extent.  No  fear has  been  expressed 
by  the  agents  who  are  sticking  to  their 
price,  for  they  say  that  they are  in  a 
better  situation  in  regard  to their  fancy 
calicoes  to-day than  they  have  been  at 
the  same  date  for  years  past.  Their 
sales  have  been  so  large  and  in  such  a 
goodly  number  as  to  make  them  very 
well  pleased  with  the  situation,  and 
hope  that  all  seasons  will  be  as  good  as 
the  present  one.

interest 

Dress  Goods—The bulk  of the  activity 
and 
in  the  dress  goods  market 
to-day  is  centered 
in  the  jobbing  de­
partments.  There 
is  no  denying  the 
fact  that  jobbers  are  hungry  for  goods, 
and  that  they  are  doing  their best  to 
satisfy  their  appetite.  They  are  buying 
as  they  have  not  bought 
for  years, 
eclipsing  in  some  respects  their  opera­
tions  of  a  year ago.  They  are  not  wast­
ing  their time in  doing  a  lot  of unneces­
sary  shopping,  but  are  buying  wherever 
they  feel  prices  and  goods  are  right. 
Manufacturers  are  generally  very  well 
engaged,  and  not  a  few  are  operating 
nights  in  an  endeavor to  catch  up  with 
deliveries,  some  of  them  being  weeks 
behind 
in  that  respect.  Everybody  is 
buying  fancy backs,  the  business  there­
on being  unprecedented.  Crepons  and 
homespuns  are 
likewise  good  sellers, 
while  rough-faced  effects,  such  as  chev­
iots,  are  well  taken  care  of.  Camel’s 
hair goods  are  also  doing  well,  and  the 
same  may  be  said  of  Venetians.
Hosiery—Buyers  are  plenty 

in  the 
importers  in 
hosiery  market  and  the 
particular  are  having  their  hands  full. 
Buyers  are  placing  orders  with  more 
freedom,  yet  they  are  conservative  in 
their  selections.  It  is  not  difficult  to  se­
cure  fair  prices  for  well-finished  goods 
or  for  fancy  hosiery  that  is  in  good 
taste,  but  other 
lines  are  lagging. 
Seamless  hosiery  is  moving  in  an  inter­
esting  fashion,  and  the  demand  for high 
and 
low  grades  continues  to  be  ahead 
of  the  supply.  Prices  are  firm  in  all  di­
rections,  and  in  no  line  of  hosiery  is 
weakness  to be  found.

Carpets— The  uncertainty  regarding 
future  conditions  no  longer affects  the 
carpet  manufacturers,  and  they  have 
in  general  on  nearly  all  lines  of  carpets 
advanced  prices  recently,  and  while  it 
is  not  expected  to  materially  increase 
the  duplicate  orders  from  this  time  on, 
the  mills  are  all  busy  endeavoring  to 
complete  orders  in  time,  and  not  be 
obliged  to  carry  some  of  them  over  (as 
they  did  previously)  into  another  sea­
son.  They  want  the  orders  which  were 
taken  before  the  latest  advances  out  of 
the  way  in  order to  take  full  advantage 
of  the  higher  price.  Wool  and  C.  C.  in­
grains  have  received  a  larger share  of 
attention  thus  far  this  season,  as  com­
pared  with  last  year,  and while it  is  true 
the  granite 
ingrains  are  selling  freely, 
the  competition  has  not  been  felt  so 
keenly  as  during  the  past  few  years,  as 
the  increasing  demand  has  been  felt  by 
all  branches  of  the  carpet  industries. 
Reversible  Brussels  4-4  goods,  made 
with  a  hemp  warp and jute  filling,  made 
with  solid  centers  and  a  border,  have 
sold  well.  They  are 
in  a  variety  of 
colors;  greens,  terra  cottas,  reds,  blues 
and  maroons  are  the  leaders  in this line, 
and  are  sold 
in  four  and  five  frame, 
in  price  wholesale  from  45  to 
ranging 
55c.  There  are  also  some  special 
lines 
of  extra  supers  offered 
in  what  are 
known  to  the  trade  as  the  mogul  weave, 
and  sold  at  the  same  price  as  the  regu­
lar  extra  supers.  The  majority  of the 
designs  are  on  the  Moorish  order  in 
Oriental  colors,  including  greens,  reds 
and  browns.  Three-ply  standard 
in­
grains  are  also  receiving  a  fair share  of 
attention  from  buyers  who  want 
full 
value  for their  money.

Rugs—Continue  active  and  manufac­
turers  engaged  on  this  line  of  carpeting 
anticipate  one  of  the  most  successful 
seasons  they  have  experienced  in  years. 
The  jute  rug  market  continues quite  ac­
tive  at  a  price,  while  the  outlook  ahead 
is  a  little  more  encouraging  to  the  job­
bers  and  manufacturers,  as  mills  mak­
ing  the  cheap  grades  can  not  at  the 
present  time  fill  their orders  on  30x60- 
inch  sizes.  The 
larger  jute  rugs  are 
slow  of  sale,  as  the  demand  still  con­
tinues  on  all-wool  Smyrna  rugs  in  the 
carpet  sizes.  This latter  line  is  expected 
to advance  in  price  under  the  stimulus 
of  the 
increasing  demand.  With  the 
more  general  improvement  in  business, 
the 
large  jobbers  report  an  increasing 
demand  for the  better grades  of  carpets. 
Brussels  carpets  are  commencing  to 
share  in  the  improvement,  although  at 
old  prices.

in  connection  therewith 

W arm   Frieuri  and  E steem ed  C aller.
Wetzell,  Aug.  30-  In  your  issue  of 
Aug.  23  we  read  of  the  death  of  our 
friend,  A.  L.  Braisted.  The  portrait 
published 
is 
true  to  life.  We  remember  him  as  one 
of  our  warmest  friends,  and  when  in 
Mancelona  he  was  one  of  our  most  es­
teemed  callers.  We  shall  miss  him  very 
much  and  wish  to  extend  to  his  family 
our  most  heartfelt  sympathy.

Wetzell  Mercantile  Co.

Jobbers of

Calcium

Carbide

and all kinds of

Acetylene Gas  Burners

Distributing  agents  for  The  Electro  Lamp  Co.’s 
especially  prepared  Carbide  for  bicycle  and  por­
table lamps, in  i, 2 and 3 pound cans.
Orders promptly filled.

Jackson, Michigan.

The High Band Turn Down

♦
♦

♦f

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♦
♦

♦f

collar  is  here  to  stay. 
So  great  is  the  demand 
for  them  that  a  leading  authority  claim s  that  the 
makers  of  collars  will  be  unable 
to  fill  orders 
taken.  W e  are  more 
others  W e  have  them  to  deliver.  Price  $1.10  
per  dozen.

than  some

fortunate 

♦
♦
*§•
♦
♦
♦
♦
♦
♦f
4,  Wholesale Dry Goods 

♦
♦
♦
♦
♦
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♦
♦
Grand Rapids. Mich.  +
♦

Voigt, Herpoisheim er & Go.,

i| i >|> i| i i| i i| i i| i i| i »I » >| i i| i i| > »g» »I « »| i i| i i| « i| « >§* i| * J '  »I « >| * 

>§* >| * »I *

Outing Flannels

T h ese  cool  evenings  that  we  are  having  remind 
us  that  outing  flannels  will  soon  be  in  demand. 
Our  fall  line  has  arrived.  W e   have  remnants, 
short  length  and  piece  goods.  Rem nants  at  4c. 
Short  lengths  from  4  to  yc .  P iece  goods  from 

4  to y}4c.  T h e y   are  bright  stripes  and  plaids. 

Com e  in  and  inspect  our  line.

P .  Stek etee  &  Son s

|i  Wholesale Dry Goo^s, 

Grand Rapids, M!ch.

H  

XZ 

>2 
>2 
<2 

1 

Arc Your Robes Assorted?

It’s hard to tell whether your stock  of robes and  blankets  is sorted 
up  to  please  all  of  your  customers  Our  descriptive  catalogue 
and  price list shows at a glance what you have or have not bought. 
It’s valuable to have on hand to  clinch  a  sale,  sometimes  Send 
for it.

D e w e y   R o b e  —  A mighty seller.  Shows a good profit and  makes  sat- 

factory sales.

BROWft  &   5 EHL.ER,

G m >4  R api4s, 

P^IcIjIj m .

T e l e p h o n e   1348.

G rand  Rapids,  M ichigan.

H.  M.  Reynolds  &  Son,

Muafacturers  of

Asphalt  Paints, Tarred  Felt,  Roofing  Pitch.  2  and  3 
ply and Torpedo Gravel  Ready  Roofing.  Galvanized 
Iron  Cornice.  Sky  Lights.  Sheet  Metal  Workers 
and Contracting Roofers.

Graad Rapids, Mich.

Office, 82 Campau st.
Factory,  ist av. and  M. C. Ry.

E S T A B L IS H E D   l86S

Detroit, Mich.
Foot ist St.

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

good  for  the  bankers  of  the  district  to 
be  there,  and  for  Muskegon  to  have 
them  there.

So  much  for  the  spirit  of  fraternity 
and  association  among  the  bankers of 
the  State  and  Nation;  but  perhaps  what 
is  of  more 
importance  to  the  business 
interests,  as  well  as  to  the  banks of 
Grand  Rapids,  is  the  progress  that  has 
been  made  in  the  same  spirit  and direc­
tion 
in  our own  city,  and  as  it  perhaps 
is  most  apparent  in  the organization and 
growth  of  the  Clearing  House,  1  will  re­
fer to  that  briefly:

In  1886  there  were  seven  banks  in this 
city,  each  flying 
its  own  flag,  doing 
business  over  its  own  counter.  Messen­
gers  were  sent  out  daily  from  each  with 
items  to  be  cashed  over the  counters  of 
each  of  the  others;  but,  following  in  the 
example  of  larger cities,  an organization 
was  entered  into  in  1886  for an exchange

the  doors of  the  banks  from  one  end  of 
the  land  to  the  other had  it  not  been  for 
the  heroic  courage  of 
the  Clearing 
House  in  New  York  in  putting  behind 
forty-two  millions of Clearing  House cer­
tificates  the  entire  enormous assets of the 
associated banks  of  New  York and using 
these  certificates  in  the  place  of  cur­
rency,  which  absolutely  could  not  be 
had.  Not  a  solvent  bank  was  allowed 
to close  its  doors;  panic  and  ruin,  not 
alone  to  New  York  but  to  the  whole 
country,  were  averted. 
The  Clearing 
House  certificates  were  gradually  called 
in,  confidence  was  restored,  and  now 
1893,  that  bankers’  nightmare,  is  well- 
nigh  forgotten.  To those,  however,  who 
were  most  deeply  interested,  the  splen­
did  possibilities  and  service  of  associa­
tion  among  banks  for mutual  help  and 
protection,  as  illustrated 
in  the  heroic 
work  done  by  the  Associated  Banks  of

10

B A N K IN G   IN TE R E ST S.

W h y   T h ey  Should  Co-operate 

fo r  th e 

Com m on  Good.

The  hanking  interests  of  Grand  Rap­
ids  to-day  reflect,  and  participate  in, 
the  general  prosperity  of  the  city  and 
that  portion  of  the  State  of  which Grand 
Rapids  is the  commercial  center.  1  pre­
sume  that  there  is  no  place  elsewhere 
so  accurate  a  record  of  the  volume  of 
actual  business  transactions  of  a  city 
can  be  found  as  in  the  Clearing  House, 
where  the  bank 
items  are  daily  ex­
changed  and  recorded.  The  amount  of 
water  passing  through  the  meter,  the 
lake  tonnage  passing  through  the  docks 
at  the  Six'),  are  no  more accurately  meas­
ured  and  registered  than  is the  relative 
volume  of  a  city’s  commerce  through 
the  daily  debit  and  credit  clearings  of 
its  banks;  so  let  me  quote  for  compar­
ison  some  totals from the Clearing House 
records,  to 
illustrate  and  prove  the 
growth  and  progress  of  our city :

Total  clearings  for six  months  ending 

June  30,  1896,  $20,476,148.

Total  clearings  for six  months  ending 

June  30,  1897,  $18,662,457.

Total  clearings  for six  months  ending 

June  30,  1898,  $24,005,704.

Total  clearings  for six  months  ending 

June  30,  1899,  $28,113,910.

We  often  lose  sight  of  actual  progress 
made,  1  think,  in  our  daily  business, 
because  of  its being  so  steady  and  grad­
ual,  a  process  of  evolution.  Ask  a bank­
er to tell  you  of  something  new 
in  his 
line  and  he  will  be  puzzled  to  think  of 
anything  worth  mentioning,  and  yet  the 
bankers  are  keeping  up  with  other  pro­
fessions  and  lines  of business,  in  enter­
prise,  spirit  and  methods. 
I  want  to 
call  attention  to one  tendency  and  spirit 
that  has  grown  up  in  the  banking  busi­
ness  and  profession  of 
late  years  and 
that  is  the  spirit  of  association,  confer­
ence,  practical  helpfulness  and  confi­
dence  among  banks.  Take,  for  illustra­
tion,  that  splendid  national  organiza­
tion,the American  Bankers’ Association, 
which  holds  a  three  days’  session  this 
week  in  Cleveland.  1  note  a  single  item 
in  the - program  as  showing the  spirit 
and  tendency  of thought to be presented :
Mr.  Cannon,  Vice  President  of  the 
Fourth  National  Bank of New York,  will 
present  a  paper  on  “ The  possibilities 
of  banking  co-operation  under a uniform 
system  of  credit  departments  and  stand­
ardized  property  statements.”

The  spirit  of this  great  central  organ­
ization  is  carried  back  and  finds  prac­
tical  expression through  the various state 
bankers’  associations. 
I  think  every 
state  has  one,  where  the  bankers  of each 
state  get  closer together,  meet  and  know 
each  other and  discuss  questions of com­
mon  and  practical  interest  to the  banks 
and  their  customers,  exchange  and  com­
pare  ideas  and  formulate  and  agree  up­
on  progressive * and  better  methods  of 
transacting  business.  The  spirit  and 
results  of  these  annual  state  meetings 
have  been  found  so  excellent that  a  plan 
is  in  operation  for dividing the  states 
into  districts  and  organizing  several 
groups  or branches  of  the  State  Associa­
tion  and  holding  several  meetings  dur­
ing  the  year.  Michigan  has  adopted this 
plan  and  one  very  successful  and 
inter­
esting  meeting  of  the Grand  Rapids sec­
tion  was  held  in  this  city  last  winter. 
I  think  the  bankers  present—and  there 
were  a  large number from Western Mich­
igan,  with  visiting  delegates  from  De­
troit  and  Port  Huron— remember the  oc­
casion  with  great  pleasure.  This  group 
are  invited  to  meet  at  Muskegon  next 
month  and  I  am  sure  that  it  will  be

of  items  by  the  messengers  of the  banks 
at  one  time  and  place—“ A  Clearing 
House,”   only  that  and  nothing  more. 
Later  the  idea  of  an  association  of  the 
banks  for mutual  help and assistance de­
veloped  into  a  little  closer  organization, 
and  through  it  most  timely  and  efficient 
assistance  was  extended  to  a  member  in 
temporary  difficulty  through  the  unrea­
sonable  fright  of  its  depositors.

This  lesson  of  the  benefit  of  associa­
tion  among  the  banks  of  the city for mu­
tual  help  and  strength  in  times  of  need 
has  never been  forgotten. 
1  have  often 
wondered  whether even the business men 
of the  country  understood  or appreciated 
the splendid service rendered  to America 
by  the  Clearing  House  or  Associated 
Banks  of  New  York City during July and 
August—those  months  of  black  Fridays 
— in  1893.  No  man  can  conceive  or  im­
agine  the  chaos  and  destruction of credit 
and  confidence  that  would  have  closed

New  York in  that  emergency,  will  never 
be  forgotten.  Pardon  the  digression.

The  bankers  of  Grand  Rapids  have 
just  completed  a  re-organization  of their 
Clearing  House  Association. 
In  my 
judgment,  no  more  progressive  step  has 
been  taken  in  years  for the  benefit of the 
business  interests  of  our  city— yes,  of 
Western  Michigan.  Let  me  quote  the 
purpose of  the Association as  set forth  in 
the  new  Articles  of  Association :

The  object  of  this  Association  is  to 
promote  the 
interests  of  its  members. 
To  that  end  it  shall  encourage  a  spirit 
of  harmony  and  confidence between  its 
members ;  shall 
invite  and  furnish  the 
opportunity  for conference about matters 
of  common  interest  and  shall  seek  to 
secure,  so  far as  possible,  prompt,  safe 
and  uniform  methods  in  the  transaction 
of business.  The  members  shall  confer 
and  act  together  in  times of  financial 
stringency  or disturbance  and,  so  far  as 
may  be,  strengthen  general  credit  and 
confidence  in  and  among  its  members ;

shall  arrange  for  effecting at  one time 
and  place  the  daily  exchange  between 
the  members,  and  for the payment of  the 
balances  resulting  from  such  exchanges, 
and  may  make  provision  for the  issue 
and  temporary  use  of  Clearing  House 
certificates  when  necessary  for such pur­
pose.

It  is  apparent  from  a  reading  of  this 
that the old  idea  that our Clearing House 
is  merely  the  daily  meeting of the young 
messengers  of  the  several  banks  to ex­
change  checks  and  jokes  is  not  down  to 
date.  The  Association  includes  nearly 
every  bank  and  trust  company  in  the 
city,  and  when  a  meeting  of  the  Asso­
ciation  is  called  to  consider and  act  up­
on  any financial  matter of common  inter­
est,  with  the  members  represented  by 
the  best  men  among  their officers  or  di­
rectors,  the  decision  must  be  conserva­
tive  and  well  considered  and  entitled  to 
respect  and  confidence 
in  the  commu­
nity.

The  power  is  conferred  by  the  new 
constitution  to  issue  Clearing  House 
certificates, 
if  a  time  of  need  should 
ever  come  to  any bank  member  of  the 
Association. 
I  hope  that  we  may  never 
need  to  test  the  helpfulness  of this  pro­
vision,  but  times of unreasoning fear and 
panic  may  come  upon the  depositors  of 
any bank—although  absolutely  solvent— 
then  in  a  time  of  sudden  need  the entire 
strength  of  all  the  banks  and trust  com­
panies  of  the  Association  in  an  hour’s 
time  can  be  placed  at  the  disposal  of 
the  one  in  need.  The  old  adage  that  the 
measure  of strength  is  the  weakest point 
will  be  reversed.  The  weakest  (solvent) 
member will,  if needed,have  the strength 
of  all.

This  business  community  has  never 
before  had  the  safety  and  protection  of 
the  associated  concentrated  strength  and 
power of  all  our splendid  financial insti­
tutions  organized  and  equipped ready  at 
a  moment’s  notice  to  do  whatever  is 
necessary  to  maintain the credit and pre­
vent  the  loss  and  fright  that  would  fol­
low the embarrassment of even the young­
est  or smallest bank  in  this city. 
I  may 
be  optimistic,  but  1  believe  that  the  lo­
cal  spirit  of  co-operation,  conference 
and  fraternity  promises  much  for the 
safety  and  progress  of  the  banks  and 
financial 
institutions  of our city  in  the 
years  to  come,  and  when  1  speak  of 
prosperity  and  success to  our banks,  that 
simply  means  the  success and prosperity 
of  all 
legitimate  business,  for  as  the 
Clearing House  exchanges  are  the  meter 
or  register  of  the  volume  and  flow  of  a 
city’s  commerce,  so  are  the  banks  but 
the  heart  or  center  from  and  through 
which  pulses  and  flows  the  life-blood  of 
a  community’s  business.  Weaken  or 
blight  the  centers,  and  the  remotest  ex­
tremities  must  suffer loss. 
It  is  simply 
patriotism  to bring  to  the  management 
and  support  of  the  banks  the  best  abil­
ity  and  strictest  integrity  to be  found 
among  the  citizenship  of  our  city. 
While  the  golden  rule  is  not  adopted  or 
re-enacted  in terms as one  of  the  rules 
of  the  Clearing  House,  yet  something  of 
its  spirit  is  involved  in  the  objects  of 
the  Association,  and  1 
feel  sure  that 
among banks,  as  anywhere  else,  union 
for the  common good  must  give  greater 
strength,  courage  and  prosperity  to all.

Jas.  R.  Wylie.

T h e R ea l T h in g.

Mrs.  Winkley—Is  your  husband  a 

brave  man?

Mrs.  Bronston— I  should  say  he  was. 
Why,  once  he  jumped  right  in  front  of 
a  swiftly-moving  train  and  saved  a little 
child  from  what  seemed  certain death.

Oh,  that’s  no 

indication.  Would he 
have  courage  enough  to  grab  the  cat 
when  it  was having a fit and throw  it  out 
of the  house?

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

17

A  Two-Sided  Business

W A T C H E S
S I L V E R W A R E
J E W E L R Y

C O H P E T E N T
O P T IC A L
D E P A R T I1 E N T

57  Monroe  Street

Grand  Rapids,  Michigan

J.  C.  HERKNER  JE

WELRY  COMPANY

Positively  the  Finest  Line in 
Grand  Rapids  is  here.  Our  per­
sonal  guarantee  of  rightness  with 
every  article  we  sell.

where  Eyes  are  tested  fr^e  of 
charge by an  Expert Optician, and 
Glasses  made  that  fit  perfectly. 
Our  guarantee  with  every  pair.

MORTON HOUSE i

TH E  LEADING  HOTEL

c i

OF  GRAND  RAPIDS.

J.  BOYD  PANTLIND,  PROPRIETOR.

The New Plaza Hotel

Grand  Rapids,  Hichigan.

H E A D   O F   M O N R O E   S T R E E T

« M

O P P O S IT E   T H E   PARKS.

4 4 4

F IR S T -C L A S S — $2  oo  PE R   DAY.

« « 4

Try  it  yourself  and  send  your  family 
when  they  are  coming  to  the  city.

444

H h N R Y   D.  IRISH  
I.  C .  SH ITH .
I'w w 'W M W N m w fiw w m AW w m w w M M fim w w m vw N W W M W M m

PROPRIETORS 

THUM’S  CIDERINE

It’s  a  great  satisfaction  to  us  to  an­
nounce  that  we  have  the  Original 
for  preserving  Cider. 
Preparation 
You’ve  heard  of  it  before. 
It  is  re­
cognized  as  a  standard  article  by 
every fruit  grower  in  Michigan.

Ciderine

is  its  name.  People  have  tried  to im­
itate  Ciderine—they  imitated  the  bot­
tle  and 
lable  all  right,  but  they 
couldn’t  make  the  stuff  that  would 
keep the  Cider.  Enough  in  one  bot­
tle to preserve  a whole barrel of cider, 
and  the price  is only 35 cents.

Thum’s  Ciderine

Have  it  in  stock  when  the  cider  sea­
son opens; write  to your  Jobber or to 
us  for quantity prices.

WALTER  K.  SCHMIDT,  Prop.,

THUM’S GERMAN  PHARMACY, 

M

84  CANAL  STREET, 

GRAND  RAPIDS,  MICIt.

ATTENTION  DEALERS

If you  are  looking  for  a  Good 
Line  of  Vehicles  at  reason­
able  prices,  write  to  us  for our 
Catalogue  and  Price  List.

ARTHUR  WOOD  CARRIAGE  CO.,  Grand  Rapids,  Mich

18

T E L E P H O N E   S E R V IC E .

W o n d erfu l  G ro w th   o f  th e  In d epen d en t 

M ovem ent.

The  telephone  was  first  brought  to  the 
attention  of  the  general  public  at  the 
Centennial  Exposition  at  Philadelphia 
in  1876,  and  as  a  scientific  curiosity  at­
tracted  much  attention.  During  the  next 
four  years  it  was  demonstrated  to  be  of 
practical  value,  and  the  control  of  the 
patents  necessary  to  give  a  monopoly  of 
the  invention  was  secured by  a company 
organiazed  as  the  American  Bell 
Iele- 
phone  Co.,  with  its  main  office  in  Bos­
the  name  Bell  being  adopted  be­
ton 
cause  of  the 
importance  of  the  inven­
tions  of  Elisha  Graham  Bell.  The  par­
ent  company  decided  not  to  build  or 
operate  telephone  exchanges,  hut  to 
promote  branch  or  licensee  companies 
in  states or districts,  to  which  the  tele­
phones  would  be  leased  at  large  annual 
royalties  and  under  ironclad  contracts 
that  they  should  not  use  other  instru­
ments  nor  do  business  with  any  com­
pany  using  other than  the  Bell  Co.’s  in­
struments.

Among  these  branch  or  subordinate 
Bell  companies  was,  and 
is  yet,  the 
Michigan  Telephone  Co.,  which,  while 
not  owning  a  complete  telephone,  has 
for twenty  years  been  doing  business  in 
Michigan  and  until  within  about  four 
years  has  had  a  complete  monopoly  of 
It 
the  telephone  business  of  the  State. 
built  exchanges  in  the  cities  and 
larger 
towns  of  the  State;  later  it  constructed 
toll  lines  quite  extensively  in  that  por­
tion  of  the  State  south  of  the  Flint  & 
Pere  Marquette  Railroad ;  it  made  ex­
change  service  rates 
in  Detroit  $72  to 
$120  for  business  and  $50  and  upward 
for  residences;  in  other  portions  of  the 
State  the  office  phones  averaged  over 
$50  and  residence §40,  the  Grand  Rap­
ids  rates  ranging  from  $50  to §120  per 
instrument 
the 
county  paying  for  years  $120  for the 
County  Farm  telephone;  it issued  stock 
to  the  amount  of §2,500,000,  which  sold 
at  various  prices,  and  for  years  paid  6 
per  cent,  dividends  upon  the  same.

for  business  p laces, 

It  was  not  until  1894  that,  owing  to 
important  patents  having  ex­
certain 
itself  threatened  with 
pired,  it  found 
Its  general  officers  and 
competition. 
exchange  managers  explained  that 
it 
was  impossible  to  do  business  at  any 
greatly  reduced  rates  and  have  any 
profits,  and  called  attention to the  fact 
that  but 6  per cent,  dividends  had  been 
paid.  These  statements  constantly  re­
iterated,  and  being  based  upon  many 
years’  experience,  as  the  Bell  Co. ’s offi­
cials  frankly  and  frequently pointed out, 
together with  the  very  limited  opportu­
nity of buying either exchange apparatus 
or telephones,  did  not  deter a  few  par­
ties outside  the  Bell  Co.  from  venturing 
to  build  exchanges,  as  was  done  at 
Niles  by  parties  residing  in  Chicago, 
and  at  Port  Huron by  parties  living 
in 
another city.  Thus  were  started,  with 
inferior  material  and  without  local  cap­
ital  or  influence,  the  two  leading  ex­
changes  in  the  State  previous  to the 
summer of  1895.

In  the  fall  of  1894,  certain  prominent 
business  men  of  Grand  Rapids  made 
application  to  the  city  for a  thirty  year 
franchise  for  telephone  exchange  pur­
poses,  the  same  limiting  service  rates to 
$36  for  business  places  within  a  one 
mile  radius  and  §24  for  residences  any­
where 
in  the  city,  which  franchise  was 
granted  and  formally  accepted  in  Janu­
ary,  1895,  and  is  the  franchise  under 
which  the  Citizens  Telephone  Co. 
is 
now  operating.

It 

is  worthy  of  note  that,  while  the

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

Bell  Co.  (the  Michigan  Telephone  Co.) 
has  no  franchise  anywhere 
in  the  State 
regulating  or  establishing  exchange 
rates,  the  independent  companies,  with 
scarcely  an  exception,  have  requested 
and  accepted  franchises  not  only  regu­
lating  the  business,  but  service  rates  as 
well,  so  that  without  competition  in  the 
State  the  people  would  continue  to  re­
ceive  from  the  independent  companies 
practically  the  same  rates  as  now  exist, 
while  the  Bell  Co.,  being  unrestricted 
as to  rates,  could  advance  them,  and un­
doubtedly  would  do  so,  as  it  still  claims 
it  is  impossible  to  pay  expenses  at  rates 
charged  by  the  independent  companies.
Following  the  date  of acceptance  of 
the  Grand  Rapids  franchise  by  local 
citizens,  the  Michigan  Telephone  Co. 
established  uniform  rates  April  1,  1895, 
in  the  State,  outside  Detroit,  of  §48 
for  business  places  within  half  a  mile 
(with  §5 
for  each  additional  quarter 
mile)  and §36  for residences,  stating that

had  for  years  been  President  of  the 
Michigan  Telephone  Co.  and  his  great 
political 
influence  was  naturally  in  the 
interest  of  the  Bell  Co.  ;  practical  tele­
phone  men  of  ability  and  business  ca­
pacity  were  unknown  outside  the  Bell 
Co.  Yet,  in  spite  of  these  facts,  and 
many  obstacles  not  named,  the  Citizens 
Telephone  Co.  was  organized  and  in­
corporated,  in  August,  1895,  and  plans 
were  made  to build  an  exchange of 1,500 
telephones  in  Grand  Rapids.

Rates  were  established,  on  three  year 
contracts,  of §30  for business  telephones 
within  a  mile  radius  (with §2  for  each 
additional  quarter  mile)  and  §20  for 
residences  anywhere  within  the  city 
limits.  Construction  was  begun  Octo­
ber  7,  1895,  and  service  commenced 
July  1,  1896,  with  about  800 telephones 
connected,  out  of  nearly  1,600 orders. 
Because  of  construction  then under way, 
and  conditions  incident  to  such  an  en­
terprise,  poorer service was given,  on the

in  the  com­
start,  than  before  known 
these  were  the  very  lowest  rates at which 
munity,  but  this  gradually  changed  un­
exchange  service  could  be  given  and I 
til  by  October  1  a  much  improved  serv­
S
leave  any  margin  of  profits. 
ice  was  given,  and  about  1,500  tele­
phones  were 
in  use.  The  service  of 
the  Citizens  Telephone  Co.  at  the  pres­
ent  time,  is  not  excelled  in the  State.

The  toll  line  service  was  over  inade­
quate  single 
iron  wire  lines,  as  a  rule, 
and  necessarily  the  service  was  unsatis­
factory,  and the  rates were high;  the  ex­
change  service  was  very  generally  con­
demned.  No  improvements  were  being 
made,  none  were  promised  and  the  offi­
cials  of  the  Bell  Co.  constantly  assured 
the  public  no  lower  rates  could  be,  nor 
would  be,  made.

Up  to this  time  there  had  been  no  in­
dependent  exchange  of  over 600  tele­
phones  put 
in  successful  operation  in 
the  United  States;  the  manufacturers  of 
independent  apparatus  had  scarcely  es­
tablished  themselves,  and  the  Bell  Co. 
claimed  their  apparatus  was 
infringing 
the  Bell  patents  and  began  numerous 
suits,  none  of  which  proved  success­
ful ;  the  American  Bell  Co.  had  paid 
dividends  exceeding  §21,000,000  in  ten 
years  preceding  1894  and  had  over 
§2,500,000 of  surplus;  Senator  McMillan

Three  months before  the  Citizens  Co. 
began  service  the  Bell  Co.— April  1, 
1896— reduced  its  rates to §24  for  busi­
ness  and  §18  for  residence  telephones, 
anywhere  in the  city.  The June,  1896, 
directory  of  the  Bell  Co.  showed  it  had 
1,481  telephones  in  service.  The  loss 
of  subscribers  to  the  Bell  Co.  was  so 
heavy  that  in  November,  1896,  free  res­
idence  telephones  were  given  to  all 
users of  Bell  phones  in  Grand  Rapids, 
and  solicitors  put  out  to  secure  other 
users  on  the  same  terms.  This  free 
service  was  continued  nearly  or quite 
two  years,  during  which  time  the  Bell 
exchange  numbered  from  1,000  to  1,300 
telephones,  they  having 1,299 telephones 
on  January  1,  1899,  per  the  official  re­
port  of  the  Michigan  Telephone  Co.  for

the  year  ending-  December  31, 

1898.
The  constant  growth  of the  Citizens 
Telephone  Co.  is  shown  by  the  follow­
ing  statistics  from 
its  last  directory—  
May,  1899:

Phones 
in service

State Line 

Date

400
June  1,1896......
Sept,  i,  1896... ..  1,460
Jan.  1,  1897.... ..  1,776
May  10,  1897... 
..  1,919
..  a,074
Oct.  20,  1897...
..  2,326
April 22,  1898.. 
2,488
Nov. i,  1898.  .
May  1,  1899 — ..  2,841

95'
5.677

phones
none
1,628
1.848
2,028
4.482
19,043

Total
phones

400
2,411
3.404
3.767
4,102
¿,708
8,165
21,884

The  telephones  actually  in  service 

in 
Grand  Rapids  on  August  1,  1899,  based 
on  the  most  reliable  figures  obtainable, 
were  as  follows:
Citizens...........................1,750 
BeU.................................   600 
1,150 

Business  Residence  Total
a,900
1,600
i,3co
The  Citizens  Telephone  Company 
now  owns  fourteen  exchanges,  seventy- 
two  toll  stations,  over 700  miles  of  me­
tallic  circuit  and  has  over  3,600  tele­
phones of  its  own  in  service.

1,ISO 
1,000 
150 

In  Muskegon  the  Citizens  Telephone 
Co.  began  service  in  October,  1896. 
It 
has  had  a  constant  and  remarkable 
growth,  and  now  has  540 telephones  in 
service.  The  Bell  Co. 's  Muskegon  ex­
change  numbers  less  than  150 
tele­
phones,  and  has  received  no  regular  ex­
change  service  rentals  for two  and  one- 
half  years.

The  Twin  City  Telephone  Co.  occu­
pied Benton Harbor and St.  Joseph in the 
fall  of  1896,  which  record  is  also  a  re­
markably  successful  one,  especially 
in 
Benton  Harbor,  where  it  has  nearly  400 
telephones  in  service,  while  the  Bell 
Co.  has 
less  than  forty—reported  to  be 
twelve.

Lansing,  Kalamazoo,  Three  Rivers, 
Allegan,  Cadillac,  Petoskey  and  other 
important  towns  in  Western  Michigan 
have  had  successful  exchanges  in  oper­
ation  for  two  or more  years,  each  with 
its  interesting  history.  Eastern  Michi­
gan  has  developed  the  telephone  field  in 
a  rapid  way.  The  largest  exchange 
in 
the  State,  as  shown  by  official  figures 
on  January  1,  1899,  was  that  of  the  De­
troit  Telephone Co.,  with over 5,200 tele­
phones  in  operation  in  Detroit.  The 
Bell  Co.’s  exchange  on  that  date  was 
4,704,  the  largest  number  in  its  history. 
For over two  years  the  Detroit  exchange 
was  the 
independent  exchange 
in  the  United  States,  and  the  writer 
doubts  whether  the  very  successful  ex­
changes  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  and  Indian­
apolis,  lnd.,  recently  started,  have,  as 
yet,  more  telephones  in  service.

largest 

Inspired  by  the  success  of  the  Detroit 
exchange,  the  New  State  Telephone  Co. 
was  organized  to  build  exchanges  and 
toll  lines  in  territory  naturally  tributary 
It  has  a  capital  of  §1,000,- 
to  Detroit. 
000  and  owns  a 
large  number  of  ex­
changes  at  Jackson,  Ann  Arbor,  Port 
Huron,  Mount  Clemens  and  other cities, 
together  with  a 
large  mileage  of  State 
lines. 

Its  main  office  is  in  Detroit.

The  Valley  Telephone  Co.  has  built 
exchanges 
in  Saginaw,  Bay  City  and 
Flint,  and  in  other  and  smaller cities  in 
its  neighborhood,  and  has  about  3,000 
telephones  in  service,  with  every  indi­
cation  of  permanent  success.

The  Thumb  Telephone  Co.  has  cov­
ered  the  counties  of  Huron,  Tuscola  and 
Sanilac  quite  fully,  having  over  400 
miles  of  circuits,  and  is  making  many 
improvements.

The  Union  Telephone  Co.  is  one  of 
the  latest  organized,  with  main  office  at 
Alma. 
is  connecting  the  Saginaw 
district  with  the  Citizens  system and ex­
pects to occupy  the  interior territory.

It 

One  of  the  strongest  companies  in  the 
State  is  the  Central  Telephone  Co.,  of

Kalamazoo,  which  has covered the south­
western  portion  with  fine  copper  toll 
lines  and  is  managed  in  a  businesslike 
way  that  insures  success.  Besides  these 
there  are  other companies  of lesser  size, 
but  of  great  importance,  in various parts 
of  the  State,  of  which  time does not per­
mit  details.  The  Alpena  movement  and 
the  Upper  Peninsular  companies  have 
accomplished  much  and  deserve  more 
space  than  the  writer  commands. 
It 
can  be  said,  briefly,  that  in  the  Upper 
Peninsula  the  independents  have  over 
3,000 telephones  in  service,  believed  to 
in  the 
be  more  than  has  the  Bell  Co. 
same  field.  There  are  no toll  lines 
in 
the  Upper  Peninsula  connecting  the dif­
ferent  sections  together.

The  independent  long  distance  com­
panies  of  Ohio  and  Indiana  will  make 
it  possible  within  a  very  few months  for 
the  exchanges  in  Lower  Michigan  to 
talk  to  points  north  of  the  Ohio  River 
between  Pittsburg  and  St.  Louis. 
Al­
ready  Ft.  Wayne  and  other  inter-state 
points  are  reached  by  copper  long  dis­
tance  circuits.

In the  State  the  Michigan  Telephone 
Co.  (Bell)  had  76  exchanges,  with  ten 
or  more  telephones  in  each,  and  19,539 
telephones  on  January  1,  1899,  per  offi­
cial  statement.  The  independents  have 
in  the  State  over  180  exchanges— in 
three  years!— with  more than30,000tele­
phones  in  service.

Although 

the  Michigan  Telephone 
Co.  on  July  1  issued  a  fine  State  direc­
tory,  the  duplication  of  names  for the 
convenience of its patrons  makes  it  diffi­
cult  to  ascertain  the  number  of  tele­
phones  it  actually  has  in  service.  Thus 
in Detroit appears,  Richmond  &  Backus 
Co.,  with  ten  names  of  individuals  or 
departments,  although  the  firm  has  but 
two  Bell  telephones  in  service. 
In  Al­
legan,  with  but  two telephones,  the  Bell 
book  shows  ten  names  of  county  offices, 
etc.,  so that  “ the  names  of  about  30,000 
subscribers’ ’  represent  about  22,000  tel­
ephones  in  actual  service  at  this  time.
Besides  surpassing  the  Bell  Co.  in 
numbers  of  telephones  and  exchanges, 
the  independents  have  more  copper cir­
cuits,  more  miles  of wire and have about 
200 more toll stations than does the  Mich­
igan  Telephone  Co.  The  map  of  the in­
dependent 
in  this  is­
sue,  indicates  a  more  thorough  covering 
of  the  State  by  the  independent  lines; 
but  the  magnitude  of  the  growth  is  per­
haps  best  shown by  the  following  list  of 
places  where  the  independents  have  ex­
changes  as  indicated,  but  the  Bell  Co. 
has  but  one  telephone  in  each,  unless 
otherwise  shown:

lines,  published 

Bell Citz

Bell Citz

4
Dowagiac....... 4

Allegan  .......
I
Athens........... 1
1
Bangor..........
I
BellviUe........
I
Bellevue.........
Birmingham.. I
Cadillac........
Carson C ity...
I
Casnovia........
I
Coopersville ..
I
Cassopolis......
I
Cedar Springs. I
Coral.............
I
I
Decatur..........
Douglas.......... O
Edmore.......... 1
E vart............. 1
Fennville...... 0
Flushing........
1
Fremont.........
I
Ganges........... O
Hart................ 1
1
Hartford........
HoUy............. s
Howard City..
I
Imlay  C ity....
I
Ithaca.............
I
Kalkaska........ O
I.ake Odessa..
I
Lake view.......
I
Lawton..........
I
Leslie.............
I
Lyons  ............
I
Man ton..........
I
Maple Rapids.
I
Mercellus....... 3
Marine City...
I

146 Mendon........ .  I

20 Muir............. .  I
20 Nashville.... •  S
I06 Newaygo.... .  I
I I No.  Branch.. .  I
12 ,,Northvihe... .  I
.......... .  2
22 Orion 
111 Otsego..........,.  2
43 Oxford............  I
IO Paw  Paw.... .  I
16 Plymouth  ... .  I
280 Reed City.  .. .  2
12 Rochester.... •  s
43 Rockford..  ...  I
Romeo....
9
St.  lohns...... •  s
£
42 Sand Hill  .. H  I
40 Saranac......... . 
I
..  O
.  I
I

'9 Middleville... .  I
*3 Montague.... .  I
31 Mulliken....... .  I
23 Pentwater ... .  I
59 Saugatuck ...
78 Sparta............  I
31 So.  Haven ...
5
35 Watervliet..,..  O

I
Stanton........ .  2
Sturgis.........• •  3
30 Trenton..........  I
17 Utica............ .  I
30 Vermontville ..  I
21 Vicksburg... .  1
20 Wayland  ... ..  I
1 1 Whitehall... ..  I
4» Zeeland....... . .   I
96
I 0 6

Shelby..........
Sheridan ....

74 places

39
S<>

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

le

The  above  list  is  far  from  being  com­
plete,  as  the  writer has  not sufficient  in­
formation  from  certain  portions  of  the 
State  to give  more  figures,  but it  is  suffi­
cient  to  indicate  the  trend  of  the  tele­
In  other  words,  the 
phone  movement. 
independents,  in 
less  than  four years, 
have  more  exchanges  in cities and towns 
where  the  Bell  Co.,  after  twenty  years, 
has  no exchanges  than  the  total  Bell Co. 
exchanges  in  the  entire  State,  they  hav­
ing  over twice  as  many  exchanges  as 
the  Michigan  Telephone  Co.

the 

cases 

It  is  but  fair to  state  that  in  the  great 
majority  of 
independent 
companies  are  improving  their  property 
and  are  in  all  cases  giving  better  serv­
ice  than  was  given  before  these  com­
panies began  service;  that  the  rates  for 
exchange  and  toll  service,  while perhaps 
on  an  average  scarcely  half  the  former 
Michigan  Telephone  Co.’s  rates,  in  a 
very 
large  majority  of  cases  enable  the 
paying  of  dividends  satisfactory  to  the 
average  business  man,  and  many  of  the 
companies  are  so  doing.  While  it  is 
true  that  in  a  few  cases  independent 
rates  have  been  made  too  low,  as  a  rule 
they  can  be  maintained  permanently, 
unless  by  reason  of  excessive  growth  of 
exchanges.  The  Michigan  Telephone 
Co.  is  making  service  rates  below  cost 
in  many  cities  and  towns  in  the  State 
where  it  has  competition,  and  in  Grand 
Rapids,  Muskegon,  Benton  Harbor, 
etc.,  has  not  had,  for  over  two  years, 
sufficient  telephone  rentals  to  pay  ex­
penses  of operation,  not  including  inter­
est  on  any  portion  of  the  $5,285,000 
mortgage  bonds  authorized,  over  half 
being 
issued;  nor  does  the  Bell  Co. 
claim  to be  able  to  pay  expenses  of  op­
eration  at  the  various  rates 
it  now 
charges.

These  Bell  rates  vary  in  different 

lo­
calities,  apparently  without  rhyme  or 
reason,  as 
is  shown  by  the  few  follow­
in g:
Grand Rapids.................. 
Kalamazoo................ __ 
Charlotte..........................  
L o w e ll......................
Detroit....................... —  
Alpena............................ 

Big  Rapids  ..................

Bus.
#24
12
24
40
6

12
24
3

Res.
812
6
6

12

Port  Huron.....................  
Ml.  Clemens............ ....... 
Holland..................... ..... 

24
18
12

12
18
l6
ia

It  is  impossible  for the  Michigan Bell 
Co.  to  permanently  do  business  at  a 
loss.  By  less  than  cost  rates  tempora­
rily,  it  hopes to  undermine  independent 
companies  by  forcing  them  to  ruinous 
rates  or creating  in  the  public  mind  the 
idea  that  the  independent  rates  are  too 
high,  and  thus  they  think  to  divide 
public  support  and  destroy  competition. 
Where  neither plan  works  it  is  proposed 
to  purchase  companies  holding  strong 
geographical  positions, 
from 
the  actions  of  the  Bell  officials  in  other 
.territory  in  which  they  operate.

judging 

Besides  the  phenomenal  growth  of  the 
independent  movement,  its  hearty  sup­
port by  the  citizens  of  the  State  general­
ly,  and  by  certain communities especial­
ly,  makes  a  sell-out  to the  Bell  Co.  an 
act  of  treachery  to the  business  commu­
nity ; and  no  individual  company  or ex­
change  can  so  sell  without  the  loss  of 
business  honor to  the  officers and direct­
ors  who  should  consent  to  such  a  step.
The  independent  movement  in Michi­
gan  has  resulted  thus  far  in  the  follow­
ing:  1.  Lower  rates  for both  exchange 
and  toll  service.  2.  Better service  for 
exchange  and  toll  lines.  3-.  More  tele­
phones 
in  use  and  greater  use  of  tele­
phones.  4.  Greater  consideration  of 
telephone  users.  And,  because  it  is  in 
the 
interest  of  all  the  people  of  the 
State,  it  will  continue  to grow and  pros­
per  until  through  it  every  community  in 
the  State  —  business,  manufacturing, 
farming,  fruit  growing,  all—will  have, 
permanently,  good  telephone  service  at 
reasonable  rates  and  managed  by  citi­
zens  of  the  State.  Never again  will  the 
old  rates  be  restored  or  the  old  com­
pany  be  given  control  of  the  situation, 
for telephone  liberty  and  prosperity  are 
too  sweet and  too valuable  to be  surren­
dered  to any  foreign  corporation.

J.  B.  Ware.

Extract  from  a  Letter  Received  a  Few 

Days  Ago.

L a n s i n g,  M i c h .,  A u g.  12,  ’ 99.

O l n e y  &   J u d so n  G r oc er  C o .,

Grand  R apids,  Mich.

G entlem en:—

V isitin g  in  the  northern  part of 

the  State,  I  had  the  pleasure  of  drinking  a 
cup  of  your  “ Boston  Breakfast  Blended”  
coffee. 
It  was  so  much  better  than  the  high 
priced  coffee  we  were  drinking  at  home,  I 

in  this 
concluded  to  try  it. 
It 
city,  to  m y  knowledge. 
I  would  like  to  be 
able  to  present  it  to  my  lady  friends,  and  sell 

is  not  sold 

it  for  you. 

I  know  that  I  can  put 

it 

in  a 

number  of  homes  where  they  are  using  an 
inferior  coffee  at  a  higher  price.

Please  write  me  in  regard  to  it,  and

oblige,

Yours  truly,

(Signed)  Mrs.  L .  O.

D o ST O N   U  R E A K F A S T   ^ L E N D E O

CO F F E E .

A  rich,  smooth drinking coffee 
at  a  moderate  price.

Handsomest  package  on  the 
market.

Olney  &  Judson 

Roasted  and  packed same  day 
as  shipped,  by

Grocer  Co.

Grand  Rapids,  Mich.

40
21
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46
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60
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20

SH IN G L E   T R A D E .

Michigan  Roofs  a  Large  Portion  of  the 

World.

Julian  Ralph,  who  is  one  of the  best 
descriptive  writers  of  the  present  day, 
says,  in  his  article  on  the  “ Makingof a 
Journalist,”   that 
common 
everyday  subjects  dressed  up  by graphic 
wording  that  are  the  best  reading  or 
will  catch  and  hold  the  most  readers.

is  the 

it 

To  put  a  readable  dress  on  as  “ kiln- 
dried"  a  subject  as  shingles  would 
make  even  Ralph “ bolt”  and attempt  to 
“ drag”   in  all  the  old  “ saws”   he  ever 
“ jointed”  together or could “ clip”   from 
an  exchange.  He  might  “ feather- 
edge”   the  “ bastards,”   and 
“ pack” 
the  “ toothpicks, ”   but  how  to  dress  a 
“ clear  butt”  “ X X X X ” 
inspection  is 
“ extra”  and  should  be  paid  for  “ 5  to 
2”   unless  he  was  in  such  a  “ frame”   of 
mind  that  he  “ wood”   “ steel”   a  “ gal­
vanized”   band,  and  get 
“ nailed” 
for  it.

Our  business  birthday  is  the  same  as 
the  Tradesman’s,  having  commenced 
sixteen  years  ago  to  manufacture  and 
ship  shingles  from  Michigan.  Grand 
Rapids  has  always  been  the  leading  in­
land  shingle  mill  distributing  point, 
and 
in  this  article  I  shall  confine  my 
observations  to  the  railroad  mills,  and 
not  to  the 
lake  port  mills,  for  their 
product  until  late  years  has  gone  almost 
entirely  by  water  to  Chicago. 
In  the 
early  days,  when  the  G.  R.  &  I.  had 
only  gotten  as 
far  north  as  Howard 
City,  we  did  not  have  rates  to  all  points 
as  we  do  now.  S.  P.  Swartz,  one  of 
the  earliest  shingle  shippers,  used  to 
ship  out  one-half  dozen  cars  to 
the 
largest towns--Indianapolis,  Cincinnati, 
and  other  points,  for  instance—then  go 
there, 
find  out  what  the  amount  of 
freight  was  and  sell  them,  or  get  the 
rate  figured  out  to  one  town  and  then 
quote  all  other towns  in  the  same county 
at  that  rate.  Then,  Maple  Hill,  Cedar 
Springs  and  Howard  City  on  the  G.  R. 
&  I.,  and  Stanton,  Edmore  and  Mc­
Bride’s  on  the  D.,  L.  &  N.  were  the 
great  shingle  towns,  and  the  brands  of 
Morton,  Lewis  &  Co.,  Wetzell  Bros, 
and  S.  P.  Swartz,  of  Grand  Rapids, 
Corey  &  Caldwell,  of  Stanton,  J.  E. 
Nelson,  of  Cedar  Springs,  and  Neff 
Bros.,  of  McBride’s,  were  well  known 
throughout  the  East  and  South,  and 
there  was  scarcely  a  station  on  the  G. 
R.  &  I.  or  D.,  L.  &  N.  this side  of  Big 
Rapids  that  did  not  have  at  all  seasons 
of  the  year  from  one  to  ten  million 
shingles  piled  up.  Then  it  was  easier 
to  go  out  and  buy  ten  million  than  it  is 
to  go out  and  buy  ten  carloads  to-day.

A  shingle  mill  requires  more  experi­
enced  men  to  run  it  than  a  sawmill. 
In 
a  sawmill,  if  the  sawyer  is  a  man  of 
experience,  the  other  positions  can  be 
filled  temporarily  with  unskilled  help 
if  the  occasion  demands  it,  but  in  a 
shingle  mill  there  must  be  a  sawyer,  a 
jointer,  a  knot-sawyer  and  packer—all 
experts—and  if one  deserts  the  mill 
is 
shut  down. 
In those  days  shingles  were 
largely  manufactured  from  what  were 
known  as  second  cuttings;  that  is,  tim­
ber  from  which  the 
lumber  logs  had 
been  taken  out,  and  as  tracts  that  were 
near  streams  or railroads  were  logged 
closer  for  lumber,  the  best  second  cut­
tings  were  the  farthest  from  the  streams 
and  railroads;  and,  as  it  did  not  pay 
to  haul  the  poorest  logs  such  a  long  dis­
tance,  many  comparatively  good 
logs 
were 
left  on  these  back  sections  and 
many  of  the  shingle  mills  were  twelve 
to  fifteen  miles  from  the  railway  track. 
Professional  estimators  and  old  lumber­
men  can  estimate  a  forty  acre  piece  of

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

fooled 

timber  very7  accurately,  but  to estimate 
how  many  shingles  there  are  on  a  piece 
of  second  cutting  has 
some 
pretty  bright  shingle manufacturers,  and 
in  those  days  every  week  or  two  would 
chronicle  the  disappearance  of  some 
shingle  mill  man,  with  labor  liens  and 
attachments  to  be  adjusted  by  those  he 
owed,  caused  not  by  his  deliberate 
in­
tention  of  beating  his  creditors,  but  be­
cause  the  timber did  not  turn  out  as  ex­
pected  and  he  was  so  far behind  before 
he  knew 
it  that  his  first  thought  and 
not  unfrequent  proceeding-  was  to leave 
the  country.  Then  his  creditors  would 
commence  to  hustle. 
It  would  seem 
that  the  men,  knowing the shingles  were 
paid  for every  week  by  the  party  whose 
brand  was  on  them,  would  have  de­
manded  their  money,  but  feeling  they 
had  a  lien  on  the  shingles  they  never 
seemed  to  care  about  the  pay  until  the

bolts.  The  bolts  are  bought  at  so  much 
per cord  and,  knowing  the  price  offered 
for shingles  and the cost of  manufacture, 
the  mill  man  knows  what  he  can  afford 
to  pay  for bolts. 
I  well  remember the 
first  second  cutting  we  invested  in. 
After  purchasing,  another  manufacturer 
wanted  it  and  a  sale  was  made,  and  the 
buyer  met  with  a  disastrous loss  because 
the  timber  was  not  what  it  looked  to 
be.  Another time  we  were  running three 
mills  and  wanted  another.  Securing  an 
option  on  a  second  cutting,  and  having 
two of  the  best  shingle  mill  men  in  the 
State  pronounce 
it  a  good  purchase  at 
$2,500,  we  put  on  a mill  at an expense of 
$2,000,  and  in  three  months’  time  found 
we  had  that  much  more  experience  and 
considerably  less  money,  and  moved the 
mill  elsewhere.

To give  the  reader  some  idea  of  what 
inland  shingle  mill  trade  is,  I  may

the 

it  took  for  our  supply  about  750  men 
and  seventy-five  teams  daily,  and  figur­
ing  7  M  shingles  as  the  average  for  the 
small  house, 
for  which  shingles  are 
mostly  used,  our shipments  in  the  years 
mentioned  would  have  furnished  a  roof 
for  fifty  houses  every  day  in  the  year. 
In  the  year  1885 there  were  1,089,900,000 
shingles  cut  in  Michigan.  Figuring  an 
average  price  of $2  per  M,  the  value  of 
the  shingle  output  for  that  year  was 
$22,000,000.

for 

During  the  depression commencing  in 
1893  the  shingle  business  suffered,  prob­
ably  more  severely  than  any  other  in­
dustry, 
the  manufacturing  towns 
which  were  the  best  markets  were  dead 
and  there  was  little  or  no building going 
on,  but  since  the  Dingley  law  went  into 
effect  manufacturing  towns  are  putting 
up  new  plants  and  new  buildings  and 
shingle  mills  that  have  been  shut  down 
for  years  have  started  up  and 
large 
bodies  of  cedar are  being  picked  up  for 
manufacturing  into  shingles.  There 
is 
a  good  demand  for  the  output  at  satis­
factory  prices  and  the  shingle  business 
during  the  past  year  has  taken  on  its 
old-time  activity.  Michigan  shingles 
have  met  and  vanquished  every  foe.  A 
few  years  ago  Southern  cypress  for a 
while  took  preference  over  Michigan 
shingles,  but  they  had  their  day;  then 
Pennsylvania  hemlock  came 
into  our 
territory,  only  to  be  driven  out;  later 
Washington  red cedar came into the field 
and  for  a  time  secured  the  trade,  but 
the  tide  has  again  turned  and  Michigan 
cedars  are  having  the  call  over  all  their 
competitors,  asking  no  favors  and  fear­
ing  no  foe.  With  her  large  tracts  of 
cedar and  jack  pine,  Michigan will  con­
tinue 
in  the  future,  as  in  the  past,  to 
roof  a  large  portion  of  the  world.

C.  C.  Follmer.

Sold “Doped” Linseed Oil.

low  quotations  on 

Michigan  dealers  have  recently  been 
nonplussed  by 
lin­
seed  oil—so  low  in  fact,  that  Michigan 
jobbers  were  utterly  unable  to  meet  the 
competition. 
The  following  dispatch 
from  Cleveland,  dated  Aug.  29,  explains 
why  the  oil  could  be  sold  so  low:

Wm.  A.  Harshaw,  of  1169  East  Mad­
ison  avenue,  President  of the  Harshaw, 
Fuller  &  Goodwin  Co.,  was  arrested  to­
day  on  a  warrant  sworn  out  by  Chief 
Dairy and Food Inspector Martin Cowen. 
Harshaw  was  charged  with  selling  adul­
terated  linseed  oil.  The  case  was  set 
for  hearing 
in  Justice  Bauder’s  court 
September  11.  The  arrest  of  Harshaw 
was  the  result  of  an  investigation  which 
Cowen  had  been  prosecuting 
in  Cleve­
land  for  several  months  past.  He  has 
discovered  that  a  great  deal  of  adulter­
ated  or doped  oil  is  being  produced 
in 
Cleveland  and  is  after  the  perpetrators. 
It  is  probable  that  other  arrests  will  be 
made.

Referring  to  this  matter,  the  Paint, 
Oil  and  Drug  Review,  of Chicago,  says:
The  Executive  Council  of  Iowa  has 
recently  been  investigating  the  sale  of 
adulterated  linseed  oil  in  that  State  and 
finds  a  considerable  part  of  the  oils  are 
adulterated  so  largely  as  to be  almost 
worthless  for  paints.  The  Council  gives 
out  the  following  list  of  firms  whose  oils 
have  been  found,  on  chemical  analysis, 
to be  adulterated :  The  American  Lin­
seed  Oil  Co.,  of  Cleveland ;  the Holland 
Oil  Co.,  of  Chicago;  the  Brooks  Oil 
Co.,  of  Cleveland,  and  the  Chicago  Lin­
seed  Oil  Co.  Secretary  Kennedy,  of  the 
State  Board  of  Health,  has  notified  the 
companies to withdraw  their wares  from 
the  State  under  penalty  of  prosecution.

Specialties  are  the  articles  of  mer­
chandise  that 
important 
profits  in  business.  But  a  money-mak­
ing  specialty  must  possess  merit  and  be 
given  extensive  advertising.

furnish  the 

legal  fight  be  made  for them. 

mill  man  ran away,and  then the shingles 
would  have  to be  paid  for a  second  time 
or  a 
It 
was  no  uncommon  thing  to  see  a  train­
load  of  shingles  shipped  out  between 
Saturday  night  and  Monday  morning  to 
avoid  this  increased  cost.  Of  late  years 
there  has been  very  little  trouble  of  this 
kind,  due  to  the  fact  that  these  second 
cuttings  are  a  thing  of  the  past; as the 
small  boy  who  was  eating  an  apple  re­
plied  to the  boy  who  asked  him  for  the 
core,  “ Ther’  ain’t  goin’  to be nocore.” 
The  sawmills  of  the  present  day  take 
everything  on the  land  that  will  make  a 
toothpick,  and  nothing 
left  for  sec­
ond'cutting.  The  shingle  mills  of to­
day  cut  mostly  cedar,  and  as  this  is 
standing  timber that  can  be  closely esti­
mated,  there  is  not  the  risk  of  loss  there 
was  in  the  second  cuttings.  Now  the 
largely  made  from
pine  shingles  are 

is 

say  that  our firm  was  one  of  probably  a 
dozen who  made  shingles  a  specialty,  to 
say  nothing  of the  numerous  small  mills 
who  handled  their  own  product.  From 
1885  to  1893  our firm  handled  over  1,000 
cars  per year,  1887  and  1890 being  high 
water  mark  with  1,361  and  1,313  cars, 
respectively—October,  1887,  being  the 
banner  month  with  183  cars. 
In  a  large 
wholesale  or  lake  port  market  these  fig­
ures  would  be 
insignificant,  but  when 
every  carload  was  shipped  direct  from 
the  mill,  and  practically  no  shipments 
were  made  during  the  four  months  of 
November,  December, 
January  and 
February,  it  means,  to  maintain  such  a 
trade,  the  output  of twenty-five  to  thirty 
mills—the  daily  cut  of the  average  in­
land  mill  being  25  M— located  at  as 
many  different  stations  on  six  different 
roads.  Each  mill  employing  about 
twenty-five  men  and  two or three  teams,

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

21

S.  A .  M O R M A N ,  P r e s id e n t .

A .  B.  R IC H M O N D ,  V ic e  P r e s t . 

L.  T .  W IL M A R T H ,  S ec  y  *   T r eas

O .  B  W I'  m a r t h .  D ir e c t o r . 

J .  E L M E R   P R A T T .  D ir e c t o r .

Grand  Rapids Cycle  Co.

1889 

E8TABLI8HED 

$ 100.000.00

PAID  IN  CAPITAL

L . T .  W ILM A R T H ,  G e n ' l   M a n a g e r . 

J .  E L M E R   P R A T T .  S a l e s   D e p a r t m e n t . 

©rand  PJapids,  [^\ ¡eh.  Aug.  31st,  1899.

MR.  BICYCLE  DEALER:

Dear Sir— It pleases  us, and may  interest you to know that we made and  sold  30 percent,  more Clipper  Bicycles during 

the ’99 season, closing Aug.  1st, than  in any other year in the history of our trade.  We will continue our past policy and give  you 
better value than you get elsewhere.

You cannot fail to have noticed our extensive advertising  in the big  magazines,  using full  pages, at a season of the year  when 
riders were buying from the dealers.  You must have had some calls or made some sales on account of this advertising.  Our adver­
tising has not added to the cost to you  of Clipper Bicycles. 
localities where we have  no  dealers handling our wheels.

It has  paid  its own way  in  profits on sales  made direct  to customers  in 

The Clipper Bevel Gear, being the first  in the field  with successfully cut gears,  has made a  record  for  itself, nearly  25 per cent, 
of our products has been of this class.  Another year will find the “imitators” out  with  the  “just as good” chainless at no “greater price” 
but “better (?) inducements  ”  Some dealers will  be obliged to handle worthless chainless.  You  need  not be placed  in  this boat  if you’ll 
give this your thought and attention  now, and  secure the agency for Clipper Bicycles,  chain  and chainless, at once.  And  then open  fire 
on your local trade this Fall  By Spring  your competitors won’t be within hailing  distance of you.

Oor line for 1900 will embrace everything “there’s any money  in handling”— Bevel  Gears $60.00 to $75.00,  Standard  Chain 

Wheels at all  prices from $25  00 to $60 00.  Free running wheels (coaster brakes) as an option on  the whole line of chain wheels,  (and  if 
we can  perfect it  in time the chainless also,)  Light  Racing  Model,  both chain and  chainless, as well as a few bargains in “carried over 
stock. ”

With a line like this, a  policy like ours and the kind of advertising  we do, you cannot “fall  down”  if  you  pin  your faith to 

Clipper Bicycles exclusively.  The records now being established on bevel  gears are proving beyond a doubt that greater speed  is 
possible on the geared bicycle than where a chain  is used.  These performances on both  road and track  will convince many a buyer be­
tween  now and spring that his mount for  1900 must be a bevel  geared bicycle, and of all  the bevel  gears where  is there one equal  to the 
Clipper?

During the past year we have fitted at great expense a kind of gear which  in  itself was a great  improvement over any  used  by 

our competitors.  While we shall continue the use of our special  processes we shall also add  further to the value by using the  Leland 
&  Falconer process, which is now perfected and  is creating talk  in the mechanical world.  This process is a wonder and  no mistake.
After all is said and done can  you afford to take  chances on your compt titors securing the Clipper line?  Can  you do better? 

Think  it over and let us hear from you before our travelers "get the  other fellows,”  as happened  in  many cases last year.  Some 
makers last year made a bluff with a chainless (?) not the bevel gear kind, but an experiment, and “held” their trade who used this 
"experiment” as a “chainless killer. ” 
tising  and several thousand wheels have convinced most riders, and “put others on  ”  The genuine Clipper  Bevel Gear  will be thé only 
one that’ll bring the price.  The maker who fooled his trade last  year may try it again next.  Watch him.  He’ll stand  it.

It worked all  right in  many  instances, but it won’t work  next year.  Clipper  Bevel  Gear adver­

GRAND  RAPIDS  CYCLE  CO.

J.  E.  P.  ’0-1 

Advt.  and  Sales Manager.

22

HIDES  AND  WOOL.

Why  the  Bnsineos  Has Dwindled to Small 

Proportions.

The  revolution  of  the  hide  trade  dur­
ing  the  past  sixteen  years  has  been 
marked,  as  may  be 
inferred  from  the 
market  reviews  I  have  prepared  for  the 
Tradesman  during  the  past 
sixteen 
years.

There  are  a  few  of  the  old  merchants 
still  in  line, who wonder to-day how they 
ever entered  on  such  a  line ;  but  at  the 
beginning,  hides  were  produced  from 
the  native  stock  for  home  consumers  of 
meat.  Cattle  were  on  every  hill.  The 
looked  around  home  for 
several  towns 
their  supplies. 
It  was  a  rough  stock, 
poorly  kept,  but  supplied  fresh  beef  for 
numerous  lumber camps,  that  could  eat 
all  the  meat  that  was brought them.  The 
camp  days  are  past,  and  the  supply  is 
not  needed,  except  as  the  small  towns 
call;  and  each  inhabitant  keeps a chick­
en  coop.

The 

laborer  of  to-day  does  not  con­

sume  the  meat  of  a  lumberman.  The I 
supply  of  small  meats 
is  greater  and 
more  to  their  taste.  Transportation  is 
quick  and  cheap  and  the  string  butcher 
is  now  known  only  in  history.

The  centralizing  of  trade  enters  into 
the  meat  business  and consequently calls 
the  fat  animal  from  the  farmer’s  herd 
and  gives  him  back  meat  from  which 
he  selects  the  cuts  he  desires.

The  “ farmer’s  hides,’ ’  as  designated 
by  the  trade,  are  gone. 
In  former years 
hides  were  brought  to  market  singly and 
were  collected  by  the  hundreds.  The 
hide  that  comes  singly  to-day  is  from  a 
lost  cow.  The  former task  of  thawing 
is  gone  and,  'with  it,  has 
frozen  hides 
gone  the 
in  the  city 
alone,  but  in  smaller towns  as  well.

local  trade,  not 

Formerly  shipments  of  hides  wTere 
made  by  the  carload  per  week  to the 
tanner.  Now  a  carload or  less  is shipped 
per  month,  as  tanners  go  to  the  stock 
yards  for their  supplies.

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

Sheep  used  to  yield  their  pelts  by  the 
thousands,  while  now they  are numbered 
by  the  dozens.

This 

city  formerly  had 

its  streets 
blocked  by 
loads  of  w<x>l,  double 
decked.  To-day  a  fifty-fleece  lot  is  a 
good  one.  Again,  when 
loads  came  to 
market  in  abundance,  from  3  to  5  cents 
per  pound  was  the  margin  we  hoped  to 
receive.  To-day,  from  ^   to  I  cent  is 
deemed  a  good  price  and  no  warehouse 
is  obliged  to  hold  the  stock.

Years  ago the  wool  business  centered 
in  large  towns,  while  now  behind  each 
stump  you  will  find  a  buyer.  An  old 
buyer  of  this  city  remarked 
several
years  ago  that  * ‘ the  d---- <1  boys, have
spoiled  this market. ”   The  same  applies 
to-day.  Mary  shears  her  lamb  and  pets 
the  fleece  at  home.  There are not enough 
sheep  raised  near this  city  to  make  the 
opening  of a  warehouse  for wool  profit­
able.  Dogs  in  this  vicinity are as  plen­
tiful  and  are  as  fond  of  mutton  as  ever.

This  is  not  true  of  w’ild  animals,  yet  it 
is  of  their  kind ;  but  the  trapper  of  old 
has  gone. 
In  his  place  has  come  the 
boy  from  the  farm  who  has  caught  a 
rat,  coon,  skunk  or  mink.  The  bear, 
otter,  beaver  and  deer  have  gone,  but 
the  mink,  rat  and  skunk  seem  to  follow 
civilization.  They  have  lost  their  for­
mer beauty  by  running  in the open fields 
and  in  the  sunlight,  but  are  as  numer­
ous  as  in  former  days.

Transportation  is  a  large  factor  in  the 
marketing  of  hides  in  the  West,  as the 
in  New  York  City  vies  with 
merchant 
the  home  buyer  and 
inducements  are 
offered  to  ship  direct,  but  §1,000  lots 
have  dwindled  to $10.  Such  is  the  rev­
olution  that,  fashioned  with  time,  oblit­
erates  and  changes  the  trade.

Wm.  T.  Hess.

E p p s ’
C o c o a

_________________

E p p s ’
C o c o a

G R A T E F U L  

C O M F O R T I N G

D istinguished  Everyw here 

for

Delicacy of Flavor, 

Superior  Q u ality 

and

N utritive  Properties. 

Sp ecially  Grateful  and 

Com forting  to  the 

N ervous  and  D ysp eptic.

Sold  in  H alf-P oun d  T in s  O nly. 

Prepared  by

J A M E S   E P P S   &   C O .,  L td ., 

Hom oeopathic  Chem ists,  London, 

E ngland.

B R E A K F A S T

S U P P E R

E p p s ’
C o c o a

E p p s ’
C o c o a

MICA 

AXLE

has become known on  account of its  good  qualities.  Merchants  handle 
Mica because their customers want the best  axle grease they can get for 
their money.  Mica is the best because  it  is  made  especially  to  reduce 
friction,  and  friction  is  the  greatest  destroyer  of  axles  and  axle  boxes. 
It is becoming a  common  saying  that  “Only  one-half  as  much  Mica  is 
required  for satisfactory lubrication as of any other axle  grease," so  that 
Mica  is not only the best  axle  grease  on  the  market  but  the  most  eco­
nomical as well.  Ask  your  dealer  to  show you  Mica  in  the  new white 
and  blue tin  packages.

ILLUMINATING  AND 
LUBRICATING  OILS

W ATER  W HITE  H EA D LIG H T  OIL  IS  TH E 

STA N D A R D   TH E  W O RLD  O VER

H IG H EST  P R IC E   PAID  FO R  E M P T Y   C A R B O N   AND  G A SO LIN E   B A R R E LS

It  is  no  trouble  at  all  to  sell  goods 
that  the  public  wants,  but 
it  requires 
genius to  coax  people  to  buy  unsalable 
merchandise.

S TA N D A R D   O IL  CO.

Q O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O «

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

23

The  “Ohio”  Pony  Cutter

►

PIANOS  AND  ORGANS. 

FINE  NEW  CASE  DESIGNS. 

NEW  STOCK  JUST  IN 

SEVERAL  MAKES  TO  SELECT  FROM. 

CASH  OR  EASY  PAYMENTS.

§  47 &  49 nonroe  St.

C  B.  DETRICK,

Phone  1050.

G ran d  R apids.

Selling Agents  “OHIO” 

«  Cutters and  Shredders,

This Cutter is for hand use only, and  is a strong light-running  machine 
It is adapted to  cutting  hay,  straw  and  corn  fodder,  and  is  suitable  for 
parties keeping from one to four or five  animals  There is  only  one  size, 
and is made  so it  can be  knocked  down  and  packed  for  shipment,  thus  se­
curing lower freight rate; has 
inch knife,  and  by  very  simple  changes 
makes  four  lengths  of  cut.  This  is  only one  of  the  O h io   family  of Feed 
and  Ensilage Cutters and Shredders  A good agent  wanted in  every local­
ity  in  Michigan  where  we are  not represented  Write to-day for complete 
Catalogue  and  prices  to  dealers.  We  are  also  Headquarters  for  Corn 
Shellers— Feed Cookers—Engines—Boilers—Saw  Mills,  &c.

ADAMS  &  HART,

Grand  Rapids,  Mich.  »

* * * * * * * * *  * * * * * * * *

I ionia  P o n   60., 1* 

Manufacturers  of

Plain and tancu Flower Pots, 
Special Jardiniere Pots, 

Lawn and Handing Vases.

* 
* 
*

^  

To the Retail Merchants:

W e   would  call  especial  attention  to  several  facts:
First,  that  we are an old  E stablished  M ichigan concern.
S e c o n d ,th at  we  make  an  excellent  Flow er  Pot.  • 
T hird,  that  we  are  centrally  located  on  two  main  lines 

JBu 
^
 
Q K   of  railroad,  and  can  furnish  you  good  goods  in 
^

  and  at  lower  freight  rate  than  any  other  factory  in  the

less  tim e  G39I 

S u

Country.  W e   respectfully  solicit  a  trial  order.  Please  ~ 

Q f c   write  for  catalogue.

I f  
lONIft POTTERY GO., Ionia, MlGh.
*********1 1* * * * * * *

j^empis &  Qallmeyer  poundry  Co.

M A N U F A C T U R E R S   O F   A L L   K I N D S   OF

Iron,  Brass  and  Aluminum  Castings

60  and  6S  NORTH  FRONT  ST.

GRAND   RAPIDS,  MICH.

M A N U F A C T U R E R S   O F

T h e  Rem  p is’

P A T E N T

Oscillating

Sleigh
Knees

The  “ Standard” has been in  use  ten  win­
ters and has given good satisfaction  to  the 
sieighmakers.  It has found  a ready sale  In 
various  parts  of  the  country  and  the  call 
for  it  wiil  be  increased  wherever  sleighs 
are in  use.

Our  “ Lumberman”   knee  is  designed  and 
adapted  for  extra  heavy  logging  service, 
and  makes  the  stoutest  sleigh  for  woods 
work.  The knee has a square sockt t which 
fits bet ween two blocks  and  rests  on  both 
the runner and  blocks.  The  blocks are  5^ 
inches apart and 3^  inches  wide,  any  de­
sired  length.  Four  inches  from  top  of 
runner  to  bottom  of  knee.

The  *' Lumocrmaii ”  Detached

S.  D. Kimbark, Chicago, 111. 

SA LE S  AGENTS

Baldwin, Tuthill &  Bolton, Grand Rapids,  Mich.  Edwards & Chamberlain  Hardware Co.,  Kalamazoo, 
[Mich.

Suelflohn & Seefeld,  Milwaukee,  Wis. 

Morley Bros., East Saginaw,  Mich. 

Nicols &  Dean, St.  Paul,  Minn.

Belknap Wagon Co., Grand Rapids,  Mich. 

Limbach, Sons &  Co., Detroit,  Mich.

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

subjects  of  like  nature  from  a  most  in­
telligent  standpoint.  Such  a  man  will 
inspire 
in  the  minds  of  his  trade  that 
confidence  and  respect  for  his  intelli­
gence  which  are  so  desirable,  if  not  ab­
solutely necessary,  to success ; and,  while 
I  would  have  the  commercial  traveler 
repose  every  confidence  in  the 
instruc­
tions  of  his  house  relative  to  the  cost  of 
goods  and  the  value  of  same,  yet  I  sub­
mit  that  if  he  wants  and  expects  to  rise 
to  eminence,  and  be  a  star  in  his  pro­
fession,  he  must in  this,  as  in  any  other 
walk  in  life,  be  a  well-read,  well-posted 
and  self-made  man.

I  trust  you  will  not  imagine  that  I  am 
setting  up  an 
ideal  salesman  of  such 
high  stature  that  the  realization  would 
be  impossible.  I  believe  not.  For  many 
years  I  occupied  the  role  and  filled  the 
capacity  of  the  commercial 
traveler, 
and  if  there  is  one  man  in  the  commer­
cial  world  who,  more than another,  isen-

R EAL  ESTATE.

Manifest  Advantages  Possessed  by  Grand 

Rapids.

location  on 

Grand  Rapids,  originally settled  from 
its  desirable 
the  Grand 
River as soon  as  the  magnificent  lumber 
interests  of  Western  Michigan  began  to 
be  developed,  was  at  once  the  center 
of  an 
industry  which  brought  the  city 
prominently before the  country  and  gave 
it  a  start  in  that  line  of  manufacturing 
which  has  since  been  extended  until, 
to-day, it  stands  pre-eminently  as  the 
greatest  wood-working  manufacturing 
city of  its  size  in  the  world.

As  an 

inland  town  it  seems,  as  we 
look  at  neighboring  cities  apparently 
so  much  more  desirably  located for man­
ufacturing  on  account  of  competition  in 
transportation,  as if  not  man  alone  could 
claim  our  city’s  marvelous  growth  as 
the  result  of  his  efforts,  but  as  if  an  all- 
powerful  hand  had  guided  the  minds  of 
our  early  citizens  to  plan  for a  future 
which  must  be  far  beyond  what  they 
could  have  dreamed.

24

COMMERCIAL.  TRAVELERS.

They  Must  Re  Progressive,  Tactful  and 

Honest.

The  commercial  traveler of the  future 
will  occupy  a  position  and  wield  an  in­
fluence  in  the  commercial  world,  per­
haps,  second  to  none;  and,  if  this  be 
true he  should possess certain natural  en­
dowments  and  equipment  necessary  to 
the  complete  make-up  of  a  successful 
salesman.

Let  us  consider  what  some  of  these 
essential  requirements  are:  First,  and 
above  all,  the  successful  salesman  must 
be  an  honest  man;  he  must  be  a  hard­
working,  industrious  man,  and  he  must 
be  a  man  possessing  a  high  order of  in­
telligence,  so  that  he  may  easily  divine 
between  right  and  wrong,  and,  being 
thus  enabled  to  perceive  his  duty,  he 
will,  with  becoming  force  and  courage, 
pursue  it  with  diligence.  Such  a  man, 
with  such  endowments  and  such  prep­
aration,  pursues  his  calling  from  high, 
honest  principles,  upon  a  broad  plane 
of  honesty  strictly  adhered  to,  and  ever 
keeping 
in  mind  the  Golden  Rule,  he 
can  not  fail  to achieve  permanent  suc­
cess  and  happiness  in  the  pursuit  of  his 
business  calling.

Sufficient  care  and  pains  have  not 
been  taken,  as  a  rule,  in  this  country  in 
the  selection  of  the  proper  kind  of  ma­
terial 
from  which  to  make good  com­
mercial  travelers,  and  proper  attention 
has  not  been  given  to  educate  them  up 
to  the  correct  realization  of  their  part 
in  relation  to  the  houses  with 
taken 
which  they  are  connected. 
In  Great 
Britain  and  other  European  countries, 
commercial  travelers  are  selected  only 
from  good  families;  they  are  men  of 
high  intelligence  and,  of  necessity,  re­
ceive  a  good  business  training.  They 
are  gentlemen  of good  presence  and  re­
finement  of  character,  thoroughly  edu­
cated 
in  and  master  of  the  science  of 
their  profession;  while  in  this  country  I 
regret  that  observation  has 
led  me  to 
the  belief  that  American  merchants, 
when  engaging  commercial  travelers,  to 
a  veryr  large  degree  overlook,  ignore,  or 
consider  of  but 
little  moment  these 
qualities  to  which  reference  has  been 
made  and  which,  in  my  estimation,  are 
of  vast  importance.

I  have  said  that  the  commercial  trav­
eler  should  have  a  well-trained  mind 
and  a  strong  personality  to  support  him 
in  the  discharge  of  his  duties away from 
home,  deprived  of  the  benefit  of  consul­
tation  and  advice,  and  when  forced  to 
decide  at  once  for himself,  from  a  logi­
cal  standpoint,  questions  of  importance. 
The  buyers  of  any  of  our  large  houses 
have  the  advantage  of  consultation,  and 
the  credit  men  of  our  various  concerns 
are 
in  possession  of  the  same  blessing, 
but  the  traveling  man,  in  most  cases, 
must  decide  the  most  intricate  matters 
promptly  and  entirely  according  to  his 
own  judgment,  without  the  assistance 
or  advice  of  anyone;  hence  the  neces­
sity  of natural  ability,  good training  and 
sound  judgment.  The commercial  trav­
eler  should,  also,  be  a  thorough  statisti­
cian,  so that  when  asked  for an  opinion 
on  the  future  of any  great  staple  or arti­
cle  of  merchandise  that  comes  within 
his  line  he  might  answer  promptly.  For 
instance,  should  he  be  asked his opinion 
on  the  future  of  the  sugar  market,  he 
ought  to be  able  to  reply  with  prompt­
ness,  giving  the  estimated  crop  of  the 
current  year  contrasted  or  compared 
with  that  of  the  previous  and  former 
years,  and,  taking  these  and  other sur­
rounding  conditions  into  consideration, 
satisfy  his  customer of his  thorough  fa­
miliarity  with  this  and  other  important

ture  and  unrivalled  for completeness  of 
equipment,  tower to the  skies.

In  the  sixteen  years  that  are  just  past 
we  have  also  had  with  us—and  I  think 
some  of  the  forementioned  evidences  of 
our growth  have  been  aided  by  them— 
the  real  estate  agent,  who  has  gone  into 
the  country  and  taken  a  farm  and,  set­
ting  stakes  over  it,  not  very  far  apart, 
has  persuaded  you  and  your friends  into 
the  honest  belief  that  the  only  sure  way 
to  .get  rich  was  to buy  real  estate;  in 
fact,  the  history  of  Grand  Rapids  for 
the  sixteen  years  that  are  past,  like  the 
history  of  the  Tradesman,  has been  one 
of  success,  both  hardly  striven  for  and 
both  well  earned.

Now,  as  to  the  future. 

I  know  full 
well  from  talks  with  the  editor of  the 
Tradesman  that  in  the  sixteen years that 
are  to  come  he  looks  forward  to  greater 
fields  for  his  paper as  well  as  for new 
subscribers ;  that  he 
intends  to have  a 
glass  palace  erected  (for  which  I  have 
just  the  comer  lot  to  sell  him),  and  that 
he  will  bend  every  effort  to  maintain 
and  increase  the  prestige  he  has  so  well 
gained  by  editing  the  best  trade  paper 
in  the  country!

Grand  Rapids  is  also  looking  forward 
to  an  era  of greater growth and improve­
ment  in  the  years  to  come.  During  the 
financial  troubles  through  which 
the 
country  has  just  passed  Grand  Rapids 
real  estate,  like  many  other  forms  of 
wealth,  was  greatly  depreciated 
in 
value ;  but  now  that  we  are  entering  on 
our new  era  of  prosperity,  it  would  take 
but  a  short  drive  through  our city  to 
show that  Grand  Rapids  is  also  experi­
encing  a  new  prosperity  and  one  that 
bids  fair to  be  a  lasting  one.  New  fac­
tories,  residences  and  business  blocks 
are  going  up  in  a  way  fairly  amazing  to 
the  croker,  who tells  us  that Grand Rap­
ids  real  estate  will  never  have  the  value 
it  once  had.  Our  visiting  stranger  will • 
soon  be  greeted  on  his  arrival  in our city 
by  the  new  railway  depot  which  has 
been  built  every  year  during  the  past 
sixteen,  but  which  now  seems  to be  an 
assured  fact.  Projected  suburban  rail­
ways  will  bring  thousands  of  our neigh­
bors  to  our  city  as  customers  and  will 
add  many  new  home-seekers  to  our 
town.  Diversified manufactories,  as  ex­
emplified 
in  beet  sugar  factories  and 
iron  works,  will  help  maintain  the 
"steady  growth”   of  which  we  have  al­
ways  been  so  proud;  and  last,  but  not 
least,  when  by  our  citizens  helping 
Uncle  Sam  we  succeed  in  making  our 
Grand  River  a  highway  to the  oceans, 
we  may  well  expect  that  grand  success 
which  can  come  to  our city  when  the 
census says,  “ Grand  Rapids,  200,000.”  

Wm.  H.  Gilbert.

Profit  in  Discounted  Bills.

Now  that  business  is  more  active  and 
the  circulation  of  money  more  general 
and  widespread,  it  behooves  the  retail 
merchant  to  use  every  effort  in  the  di­
rection  of  discounting  his  own  bills. 
He  makes  a  profit  by  the  operation, 
even  if  he  borrows  funds  at  a  lower  rate 
of  interest  than  is  determined  by  the 
discount.  Then,  too,  he  establishes  a 
reputation  for  promptness  and  business 
sagacity  which  may  some  time  be  of 
material  benefit,  besides  having  the 
additional  satisfaction  of  knowing  that 
his  bills  payable  account  will  not  stare 
him  in  the  face  every  time  he  goes 
through  his  ledger.

The  dumping  of  New York City refuse 
inside  of  the  prescribed  limits  is  said 
to  be  destroying  the  New Jersey  sea- 
coast.  The  beaches  are  reported  to be 
depositories  for decayed  vegetables  and 
all  manner of  offensive  garbage,  which 
not  only  robs  sea-bathing of its pleasure, 
but  is  a  serious  menace  to the  health  of 
visitors  and  residents.

Sixteen years ago Grand Rapids,  while 
the 
largest  city  in  Western  Michigan, 
was  little  more  than  an  overgrown  vil­
lage ;  but  it  had  just  started  on  that  era 
of  improvement  which  has  since  been 
carried  on  from  year to  year  until  it  has 
gained,  as  it  deserves,  the  reputation 
of being  one  of the  most  beautiful  cities 
in  our  land.

In  sixteen  years  Grand  Rapids  has 
grown  from  a  city  of  50,000  to a  city  of 
100,000. 
In  sixteen  years  we  have  seen 
one  of  the  most  perfect  electric  railway 
systems  of  the  country  supersede our old 
horse  car  line.  We have  seen  our some­
times  worse  than  corduroy  roads  re­
placed  by boulevards and  driveways—a 
paradise  for horse  and  wheelman.  Mile 
after  mile  of  the  most  approved  pave­
ment  for business  and  residence  streets 
has  given  us  a  truly  metropolitan  air. 
We  have  seen  started  and  carried  to  ex­
ecution  a  system  of  parks  more  beauti­
ful 
than  any  other  city  can  boast. 
We  have  seen  palatial  residences  built 
by  our  successful  men,  like  the  editor 
of  the  Tradesman,  rise  from  the  ruins 
of  the  homes of the generations that  are 
past.  We  have  seen  magnificent  office 
buildings  rear  their  heads  high  above 
their older neighboring  buildings  and, 
thronged  with  busy  men  of  every  pro­
fession,  add  new  lustre  to the  fame  of 
our city.  The  stranger of sixteen  years 
ago,  walking through the  business center 
of  our  town  and  going  over the  same 
territory  to-day,  would  see  changes  al­
most  beyond  belief.  Sixteen  years  have 
seen  Ionia  street  change  from  one  of 
the  city’s  byways to one  of  its busiest 
marts;  and  built  up  as 
is  by  the 
Clark,  Smith,  Blodgett,  Fox,  Barnhart, 
Rindge  and  Pythian  Temple  buildings, 
it  certainly  stands  a  monument  to  the 
growth  of  our city  and to the  success  of 
our business  men.  Sixteen  years  ago  at 
the  corner  of  Pearl  and  Ottawa  streets 
was  a  small  mountain  of  clay  crowned 
by  some  of  the  older settlers’  homes. 
To-day  there  are  buildings 
like  the 
Michigan  Trust  Company  and  the  Fur­
niture  Exposition,  comparing  favorably 
with  like buildings  in  the  largest  cities 
in  our land.  Sixteen  years  have  seen 
Grand  Rapids  supplied  with  hotels,  the 
equal  in  size  and  appointments  of  cities 
much  larger.  We  have  seen  manufac­
turing  enterprises  start  and,  by  slow  but 
steady  growth,  gradually  gain  the  world 
for  a  market,  carrying  the  name  and 
fame  of  our  city  with  their wares. 
In 
sixteen  years  we  have  seen public build­
ings,  unexcelled  for beauty  of  architec­

it 

titled  to  special  consideration,  it  is  he ; 
for,  in  my opinion,  of all  the  professions 
and  trades,  in  that  of  the  commercial 
traveler  may  be  found  the  keenest  wits, 
the  brightest  genius,  the  brainiest  men, 
the  most  generous,  the  most  devout,  the 
most  faithful  and  the  most  charitable ; 
but,  as  all  things  in  nature  are  chang­
ing,  so  would  I  see  the  commercial 
traveler day  by  day  grow  better.  I would 
have 
for  his  mottoo,  Excelsior,  ever 
reaching  toward  that  perfection  which 
is,  perhaps,  only  attained  by  a  life  of 
earnest  struggle  and  fidelity  in  building 
up  and  cementing  the  common  brother­
hood  of  man. 

Samuel  M.  Lemon.

Just  What  They  Were.

A  bicycling  party  was  pursuing  its 
leisurely  way  along  a  delightful  country 
road  the  other day,  when  they  came  to 
a  particularly  well-kept  kitchen  garden. 
A  patch  of  most  interesting  growing 
things  ran  beside  the  fence  for a  dis­
tance  of  forty  feet.  There were innumer­
able  stalks  bearing  aloft  globes  of 
twenty  different  exquisite  shades  of 
grayish  green  and  grayish  purple  which 
were  so  striking  that  the  party  dis­
mounted  with  one  accord.
men.

“ How  decorative!”   said  one  of  the 
“ What  lovely  color!”   said  one  of  the 

girls.

artist.

“ They  would  do to  paint,”   said  the 
“ Won’t  you  please  tell  us  what  those 

beautiful  things  are?”   asked  the  girl.
The  gardener  glanced  around 

and 

then  simply 

in 
said 

‘ Why,  these  things  growing along  the 
I  never  saw  anything  like 

amazement, 
“ Which?”

fence  here. 
them. ’ ’

gardener’s  features.
he 

A  pitying  smile  spread slowly over the 
"Thenj?”  
answered  with  a 
chuckle,  “ them’s  onions  gone  to seed.’.’

. 

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN 

25

Best Five Cent Brand on the Market

Buy a Seller 

Sell a Winner  Win a Buyer

H.  B.  FAIRCHILD,  General  M anager  Hazeltine &  Perkins  Drug  Co.

Hazeltine  &  Perkins  Drug  Co.,  Grand  Rapids

2 0

BICYCLE  TRADE.

Some  Up«  and  Downs  the  Business  Has 

Sustained.

Sixteen  years  ago  the  bicycle cut  very 
little  figure  in  the  manufacturing  or  re­
tail  trade  of  the  country.  At  that  time 
it  was  a  target  for the  ridicule  of  the 
public  and  press.  A  man  who  rode  a 
bicycle 
in  those  days  was  considered, 
by  a large  majority  of  people,  as a  prob­
able  candidate  for  an  insane  asylum. 
A  woman’s  wheel  was  not  thought  of. 
In  those  days  we  who  had  the  nerve  to 
mount  a  56  inch  ordinary  (high  wheel) 
and  take  our.  chances  on  escaping  in­
jury  from  headers,  as  well  as  run  the 
gauntlet of  ridicule,  were largely respon­
sible  for the  success of the  bicycle,  both 
from  a  practical  and  commercial  stand­
point.

Sixteen  years  ago we  had  three  Amer­
ican  makers—Pope,  Gormully and  Over­
man.  The 
latter  made  tricycles.  We 
also  had  two  importers—Cunningham, 
of  Boston,  and  Clarke,  of  Baltimore. 
The  total  sales  of  the  entire  outfit  were 
probably  less than  1,000 wheels.  Prices 
ranged  from $135  to  $150,  according  to 
size  and  finish.  Dealers—there  were
none,  or  at  least  not  more  than  a  dozen 
in  the  whole  United  States.  The maker 
sold  his  bicycles  mostly  through  what 
is  now  termed  the  curbstone  agent;  in 
other  words,  rider  agents— young  men 
who clerked  in  stores,  banks,  etc.  He 
charged  for  everything.  Even  cata­
logues  were  billed  to the  agent  at  one 
cent  each.  No discount  was  allowed  for 
cash  and  but  little  for trade,  and  an  or­
der  was  not  accepted  until  25  per cent, 
of  the  price  had  been  advanced.  Even 
under  these  conditions,  makers  found 
much  difficulty  in  making a profit.  Such 
were  the  bicycle  trade  conditions  fifteen 
or sixteen  years  ago  and  such  they  re­
mained  until  the  safety  made  its  first 
appearance  along  in  1887.  Then  a  de­
mand  from  the  legitimate  dealer  began 
to  show  itself  in  certain  localities.  With 
the  entre  of  the  dealer and  the 
jobber 
into  the  field,  the  changes  made  and  the 
progress of  the  trade  and  maker became 
so  rapid  that  years  seem  but  months. 
Prices  were  advanced  from  $135  to  $150 
just  as  soon  as  the  pneumatic  came, 
which  was  in  1889,  and  in  1892,  a  solid 
tired  jigger was  worth but  little  except 
for  old  junk  or to  sell  to  a  farmer  who 
had  been  waiting  for the  price  to  come 
down.  By  1893,  the  pneumatic  had  be­
come  practical  and  no other tire  could 
be  sold.  Wheels  were  in  such  demand 
as  to  push  the  twenty-seven  or twenty- 
eight  makers  then  in  existence  to the 
fullest  capacity  of  their  factores.  We 
have  no  means  of  knowing  just what 
that  was,  but  probably  a  quarter of  a 
million  bicycles  would,  at  that  time, 
cover the  American  product.

It  was  during  that  time  that  many 
makers  lost  their heads.  They  made  too 
many  bicycles  or,  rather,  made  them 
too  late  in  the  season.  The  profits,  large 
as  they  seemed,  were  not  great  enough 
to cover the  losses  on  carried over  stock 
and  several  went  to the  wall.  A  reaction 
in  making  and  selling  was  the  result. 
The  retail  trade  was  cautious,  jobbers 
held  off and  makers  went  into  1894  with 
large  stocks  in  their  warehouses—and 
their hearts  and  fortunes  in their hands. 
Prices  went  down  from  $25  to $50  per 
wheel,  but,  contrary  to all  expectations, 
the  buying  of  1894  was  so brisk  and  the 
demand  so  keen  and  active  that  mak­
ers  found themselves  unable  to  fill  half 
their  orders  or  half fill  the  orders they 
did  ship.  Owing  to the  increased  sales 
and  a  complee  clean  up,  nearly  every­
too,  on
body  made  money  and  that, 

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

prices  which  most  of  us thought  would 
ruin  more  than  half the  makers.

Capital  got 

interested  and  factories 
began  to spring  up  like  mushrooms  in  a 
hot  bed,  changes  were  rapid,  prices  be­
gan  to  drop.  Notwithstanding  all  this, 
it  was  the  harvest  of the  pioneers  who 
had  large  capacities,  fine  facilities  and 
an  established  trade,  with  reputations 
secured  largely  by  a  liberal  expenditure 
in  advertising  in  trade  papers.  Right 
here  let  me  say  that  good  trade  papers 
and  the  aid  they  gave  the  maker at  this 
particular time— 1889 to  1895—had much 
to do  with  the  reputations  and  successes 
of the  better class  of  bicycle  producers. 
The  newspapers  were  howling  for  lower 
prices,  and  what  they  said  editorially 
helped  to  ruin  more  than  one  new  mak­
er  who  couldn’t  make  both  ends  meet, 
even  although  prices  were  too  high  and 
by 
liberal  treatment  of  his  customers.

of the  successful  makers  are  those  who 
have  advertised  liberally and well,  while 
with  one  exception—the  Overman  (V ic­
tor)  Wheel  Co.—every  concern 
that 
failed  advertised  but  little,  if any.  They 
used  no  trade  papers,  no newspapers, 
no  magazines.  They  saved  the  adver­
tising  accounts  and  sold  wheels  cheaper 
—so  much  cheaper that  both  ends didn’t 
meet,  and  failure  was  the  inevitable  re­
sult.

No trust  or combination  of makers can 
successfully  market  an  article  without 
salesmen  or advertising,  or  both.  There 
is  no article  of  commerce  sold  through 
salesmen  or  dealers,  the  sales  of  which 
can  not be  increased  by  judicious adver­
tising. 
It  was  judicious  advertising 
for the  first  ten  years  of  bicycle  making 
that  prevented  the  few  factories  making 
them  from  going  into the  hands  of the 
sheriff or of  a  receiver.  It was judicious

In  two or three  years  men  made millions 
who had  made  only  a  few  thousands  in 
the  ten  or fifteen  years  previous.

Then  came  the  crash  of  1898,  during 
which time  prices  fell  to a  point  where 
no  maker  could  find  a  profit  with  a 
microscope.  At  this  time  we  had  over 
500  legitimate  bicycle  makers  with  a 
combined  output  of  over  one  and  a 
quarter  million  wheels.  To-day,  at the 
close  of  1899,  we  have  less than  sixty 
solvent or financially  responsible  mak­
ers.  The  combined  output  is  less than 
a  million bicycles.  The consumption  is 
about  the  same,  possibly  some  less.  We 
make  five  times  as  many  bicycles  now 
as  we  did  ten  years  ago at  one-tenth  of 
the  profit.  No  industry  of  which  I  know 
has  witnessed  such  rapid  and  kaleido­
scopic  changes  or has  made  and  lost  so 
much  in  the  brief  space  of  less than a 
decade.

It  is  a  noticeable  fact that 99  per cent.

trade  paper  advertising that  secured  for 
the  Columbia,  the  Clipper,  the  Rambler 
and  others  a  line  of  dealers  who  aided 
these  makers in marketing their products 
at  no  loss  during  the  bicycle  panic,  and 
when  the  crash  in  prices  came,  they 
could  command  enough  more  for their 
bicycles  to  let them  out  whole,  instead 
of  losing  money,  as did those  who had 
saved  their advertising  accounts  at  the 
expense  of  their business.

Unless  the  trade  take to the  chainless, 
which  has-  proven  itself a  success,  and 
drive  the  chain  wheel  to  join  the  ordi­
nary,  and  prices  on  this type  of  bicycle 
remain  where  they  are—$60 to  $75—the 
price  of  most  chain  bicycles  must  be 
advanced  or  the  makers  remaining  in 
the  business  won’t  remain  long.

The  rapid  and  sharp  advances  in  bi­
cycle  materials,  from  tires to tubes,  will 
undoubtedly  make  prices  of the  cheaper 
and  lower grades of assemblers,  products

increase 

higher  than  for  the  last  season  or two, 
and  the 
in  cost  to  make  high 
grades  will,  if  not  advance them,  stiffen 
them,  and  an  effort  to  get  this  year’s 
prices  will  be  the  rule  among  the  better 
classes  of  makers.

The  so-called  trust,  if  formed— which 
it 
is  not  at  present  writing— will  have 
no effect  on the  market for 1900.  Not  be­
fore  the  material  buying  for  1901—about 
June  1,  1900—can  the  combine  begin  to 
enter  into the  question  of  manufacture 
even,  and  not  before  Oct  1,  1900,  can  it 
have  any  influence-on  the  selling  or 
commercial  end  of  the 
If 
this  outfit  exercises  the  proper  business 
tact  and  care,  the  organization  can  be 
made  to  benefit  the  rider,  dealer  and 
maker as  well  as  the  seller  of  publicity. 
Personally,  I  believe  the  right  men  and 
right  methods  will  be  chosen  to  rule  the 
destinies  of the  new  organization,  which 
means  a  new  era  in  the  bicycle  busi­
ness.

industry. 

My advice to all dealers  is  to select  for 
a  leader a  bicycle  with  a 
local  or  na­
tional  advertised  reputation  and  let  the 
people  know  you  have  it  by  means  of 
your  local  paper.  Never  run  the  same 
advertisement  twice,  as  to do  so  places 
you  in  much  the  same  position  as  an 
editor who  publishes  his  same  news  or 
editorial  in  successive  issues.  He would 
soon  lose  all  his  readers,  and  so will  you 
if  you  do  not  change  copy  as often  as 
the  paper  is  published.

Back  up  the  national  advertising  of 
the  maker you  represent  by  confirming, 
over  your  name,  what  he  says,  if  he 
speaks  the  truth ;  if  he  does  not,  do  not 
represent  him,  and  I  will  guarantee  you 
that  the  bicycle  will  live  long  und  bros- 
ber,  as  Rip  VanWinkle  says.

J,  Elmer  Pratt.

Cause  for  Tears.

“ O,  Harold!  do  you 

plored  the  bride  of  a  month.

love  me?”   im­

"what  do  you 
tion?”

“ Well,”   said  he,  between  kisses, 
infer  from  this  opera­
“ But,  Harold,  do  you  really  and truly 
love  me?”   she  demanded,  eager  to hear 
again  from  his  lips  what  she  had  heard 
many  times  before.
“ Yes,  darling,  I  love  you  dearly,  de­
votedly,  unceasingly,  constantly,  exces­
sively,  amazingly  and  any  other adverbs 
you  happen  to think  of.”

"You  are  making  fun  of  me,  Harold, 
and  you  ought  not  to  do that, ’ ’  pouted 
the  bride.

love,”   protested  Harold,  as  he 
squeezed  her and  kissed  her  again. 
“ I 
was  merely  trying  to  convince  you  that 
I  do  really  and  truly  love  you  dearly, 
and  dearly.”

“ Then  you  do  love  me,  Harold?”  
“ Yes,  darling.”
“ Are  you  sure,  Harold?”
“ Quite  certain,  my  precious.”
“ Oh,  I’m  so happy!  ’  she  said,  with 
a  little  sigh  of  contentment.  Then  she 
asked:

“ Do you  love  me  as  much  as  you  did 

“ No, 

this  morning,  Harold?”

“ I 

love  you  twice  as  much,  my 
charmer, ”   asserted  Harold,  thinking to 
make  her very  happy;  but  how  little  do 
men  know  about  women!  His  bride 
looked  at  him  sorrowfully,  and  de­
manded :

“ O,  Harold!  why,  why  did  you  love 
me  less  this  morning than you do now?” 

And  she  burst  into  tears.

How  to  Start  in  Life.

Chauncey  M.  Depew  is  a  philosopher 
as  well  as  a  wit.  Nothing  can  be  better 
than  his definition  of  the  material  am­
bitions  with which a  young  man  should 
begin  his  career.  Writing  on  young 
men  in  politics  Mr.  Depew says:  Every 
young  man  should  start  out  in  life  with 
three  definite  objects:  First,  to  earn 
an  honest livin g; second,  to secure an in­
come  large  and  permanent  enough to 
support  a  family;  and third,  to  lay  up 
something  for  old  age  and  the  care  of 
the  helpless  ones  whom  be  may  lea\?e 
behind  when he  dies.

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

27

WORLD’S  BEST  S  CENT  CIGAR

SOLD  BY  THE  FOLLOWING  JOBBERS

MICHIGAN 
B.  J.  Reynolds, Grand  Rapids.
Olney &  Judson Grocer Co., Grand  Rapids. 
Hazeltine  &  Perkins Drug Co.,  G rand  Rapids. 
Rice &  Matheson, Grand  Rapids. 
Ball-Barnhart-Putman Co.,  Grand  Rapids. 
Worden Grocer Co., Grand  Rapids.
Putnam Candy Co., Grand Rapids.
A. E.  Brooks &  Co., Grand  Rapids.
Musselman Grocer Co , Grand  Rapids.
Lemon &  Wheeler Co., Grand  Rapids. 
Clark-Jewell-Wells Co., Grand  Rapids.
H.  Schneider  &  Co  , Grand  Rapids.
Moreland  Bros  & Crane, Adrian.
Godsmark, Durand  &  Co.,  Battle Creek. 
Gustin, Cook  &  Buckley,  Bay City.
Ed.  M.  Liebleine,  Hancock.
Ed.  M.  Liebleine, Calumet.
Jno  T.  Woodhouse &  Co  , Detroit
A.  N.  Smith,  Harbor Springs.
W.  R.  Cutler,  Ionia.
Howard  &  Solon, Jackson.
Jackson Grocery Co., Jackson.
Hanselman Candy Co.,  Kalamazoo
B.  Desenberg  &  Co.,  Kalamazoo.
Fred Brundage,  Muskegon.
Geo.  Hume  &  Co  , Muskegon.
The Hannah &  Lay  Merc.  Co., Traverse  City. 
Snyder &  Thayer,  Muskegon.

The A  H.  Lyman Co.,  Manistee.
Walsh, Tanner &  Daily, West  Bay City.
L  M.  Spencer,  Marquette.
Fred  Buth,  Menominee.
Penberthy, Cook  &  Co  ,  Menominee.
Otto Supe & Co.,  Sault  Ste  Marie.
Mitts Bros., Saginaw.
Smart  &  Fox Co.,  Saginaw.
Burkhard  Bros  , St.  Joseph.
Petoskey  Cigar Co.,  Petoskey.

OHIO
The J.  M. Sealts Co.,  Lima.
R.  A.  Bartley, Toledo.
C. W.  Starr, Toledo.
O.  J. Comer, Van Wert.
The Tracey  &  Avery  Co.,  Mansfield.

INDIANA

G.  E.  Bursley  &  Co  ,  Ft  Wayne.
A.  H.  Perfect  &  Co.,  Ft. Wayne.
Albert  Krull,  Indianapolis.
The  Spencer  &  Hogin Co.,  Marion.
Bridge City Candy  Co.,  Logansporte.

ILLINOIS

New York Store  Mercantile Co  , Cairo.

WISCONSIN.
C. N.  Cramer &  Co., Ashland.
Eau Claire Grocer Co  ,  Eau  Claire.
Joannes  Bros. Co., Green  Bay.
Plumb  &  Nelson Co.,  Manitowoc.
Jerman, Pflueger & Kuehmsted Co., Milwaukee. 
Kickbush  &  Sons, Wausau.
LaCrosse Cracker &  Candy Co  ,  LaCrosse.
M.  Kratcbwil,  LaCrosse.

Twohy Mercantile Co., West Supereor.

MINNESOTA 

Finch-Smith  Co., Crookston.
Ray Mercantile Co., Crookston 
Lillibridge-Bremner  Factory,  Minneapolis.
Jos.  P.  Whitwell, St.  Paul.
Byron J.  Mosier, Stillwater.
C.  A.  Everhart &  Co.,  Fargo.

NORTH  DAKOTA 

S.  J  Vidger &  Co.,  Fargo.
Nash  Bros., Grand  Forks 
Leach  &  Gamble,  Wahpeton.
J  H. Allen  &  Co., St.  Paul.

MONTANA 

Millis  &  Co.,  Billings.
A.  F.  Bray,  Butte.
Benepe-Owenhouse Co.,  Bozeman.

TEXAS.

Carter-Battle Grocery Co  ,  Ft.  Worth. 
Borchard,  Brasher &  Co.,  Houston.
G.  A.  Duerler Manufacturing Co., San Antonio. 
Hazard  &  McConville,  Sherman.
B.  H. Allen, Waco.

Powers Cigar Co  ,  Denver.

COLORADO 

The Sandefur-Julian Co.,  Little  Rock.

ARKANSAS

NEBRASKA

Voegele  &  Dinning, Omaha.
Trimble, Blackman & Alexander,  Hastings. 

NORTH  CAROLINA

H.  G.  Link, Charlotte.

0 .  J .  JOHNSON  CIGAR  CO.,  Grand  Rapids,  Mich.

MANUFACTURED  ONLY  BY

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

28

LIM E  TRADE.

Introduction of Perpetual  Kilns and Other 

Improvements.

In  early  times 

As  simple  as  is the  process of  making 
lime,  I  find  that  comparatively few  peo­
ple  understand  it. 
lime 
was  made  by  simply  burning  wood 
around  a  small  pile  of  limestone  and 
keeping  up  the  heat  until  the  stone  was 
sufficiently  burned to slack readily  and, 
by  the  way,  that  is  all  there  really  is  to 
the  process,  although  methods  differ. 
Later,  better  results  were  obtained  by 
building  what  were  called  “ pot  kilns.’ ’ 
TheSe  were  usually  built  in  a  side  hill 
of  stone  and 
lined  with  brick.  They 
were  five  or six  feet  in  diameter  inside 
and  perhaps  twelve  or  fourteen  feet 
high.  A  fire  hole  or door was  placed  in 
front  at  the  bottom,  and  in  filling  the 
kiln  with  stone  the  latter  was  so  piled 
as  to  form  an  arch  opposite  this  hole. 
When  the  kiln  was completely filled with 
stone,  fire  was  applied  in  the  arch. 
It 
require«!  about  sixty  hours of  constant 
heat  to  convert  the  contents  of  the  kiln 
into  lime.  Then  the  fire  was  allowed  to 
go out  and  when  sufficiently  cooled  the

lime  was  taken  out  and  marketed.  Then 
the  kiln  was  again  filled  and  burned  as 
before.  A  kiln  usually  held  about  100 
barrels  ami  averaged  two  burnings  per 
week.

lime 

At  present,  nearly  all 

in  this 
is  burned  in  perpetual  kilns, 
country 
larger  than  the  p«>t 
which  are  much 
In 
kilns  and  produce  much  more  lime. 
addition  to  the  greater quantity  the lime 
is  much  more  uniformly  burned.

The  perpetual  kilns  are  built  either 
round  or  square  and  are  usually from six 
to  nine  feet  in  diameter and  from  thirty 
to  sixty  feet  high.  Some  are  built  of 
btiiler  iron  and 
linetl  with  fire brick. 
Others  are  built  of  st«me  and  also  lined 
with  fire  brick.  They  are  open  at  the 
top.  At  the  bottom  the  walls  are  thick. 
Arches  are  built  in  on  opposite  sides  to 
receive  the  fuel.

it 

After the  kiln  is  filled  with  stone from 
is  started 
in  the  arches 
the  top,  fire 
which  open 
into  the  kiln,  the  draft 
carrying  the  heat  and  smoke  through 
the  crevices  in  the  stone  and  gradually 
converting 
The  smoke 
passes  out  at  the  top.  When  the  stone 
in  front  of  the  arches  becomes  lime  it is 
«irawn  out  through  openings  in  the  bot­
tom  of  the  kiln,  thus  allowing  the  stone 
above  to  feed  down  and  receive  the 
heat.  These  drains  are  made  at  regular 
intervals,  ranging  from  three  to  eight

into  lime. 

•hours  apart  according  to the  theories  of 
different  operators. 
firing  and 
drawing  are  continuous,  day  and  night, 
fresh  stone  being  placed  in  the  kilns  at 
the  top  each  day.  Simply  burning  stone 
is  all  there  is  to  making  lime.

The 

These  kilns  make  all  the  way  from 
eighty  to  125  barrels  of  lime  per day, 
depending  upon  their  size  and 
the 
amount  of  fuel  used.  After drawing  the 
lime  from  the  kilns  it  is  placetl on brick 
floors to cool  and  is  then  ready  for  use. 
Here 
in  Northern  Michigan  we  pack 
nearly  all  of  our  product  in  barrels  of 
200  pounds  each.  In  Ohio,  Indiana  and 
Wisconsin  not  more  than  35  per cent,  is 
so  packed,  the balance  being  shipped  in 
bulk,  that  is,  loaded  l<x>se 
in  the  cars. 
The  demand  for  lime in  bulk  is increas­
ing  rapidly,  and  will  continue  to do  so 
as  cooperage  is  costing  more  each  year, 
thus  forcing  the  lime  burners  t«>  make  a 
greater  charge  f«»r barrels.

its  form  almost 

Many dealers  are  builtling  storehouses 
especially  for bulk  lime.  To  keep  well 
it  must  be  put  in  a  cool  and  dry  | lace 
anil  away  from  the  air as  much  as  pos­
sible.  A  piece  of  fresh  lime  would  pre­
serve 
if 
sealed  up  tightly  and  kept  cool,  while 
the  same  piece  would  completely  air- 
slack  in  twenty-four hours  if  laid  out  in 
the  open  air during  warm  weather.  For 
this  reason  there  is  some  chance  for  loss 
in  handling  bulk  lime.

indefinitely 

in  nearly  every  state 

The  method  of  burning  has  but 

Formerly  only  wood  was  used 

for 
burning  lime,  but  now coal,  coke,  crutle 
oil  anil  natural  and  artificial  gas  are 
also  extensively  used.  It  is  an  acknowl­
edged  fact,  however,  that  no  fuel  makes 
quite  so  satisfactory  lime  as  hard  wood.
little 
to  do  with  the  quality  of  lime.  Very 
much  more  depends  upon  the  stone. 
is  found  more  or  less  exten­
Limestone 
sively 
the 
Union. 
It  varies  greatly  both  in  ap­
pearance  and  in  chemical  composition. 
Odd  as  it  may  seem,  stone  containing 
too  much  pure  lime  is  as  unsatisfactory 
for building  purposes  as  that containing 
too  much  magnesia  and  other  impuri­
ties. 
I  know of  lime on  the  market  the 
analysis of  which  shows  that  it  contains 
less  than  50  per  cent,  of  pure  lime, 
while  other brands  run  all  the  way  up to 
96  per cent.  The  brands  most 
in  de­
mand  run  from  80 to 90  per cent.

in 

Very  few  people  know  that  immense 
quantities  of  lime  and 
limestone  are 
used  for  other  than  building  purposes. 
Each  of  the  large  sugar  factories  now 
being  built 
in  this  State  will  consume 
100 or  more  large  carloads  per  season. 
Nearly  all  paper  mills  buy  lime  by  the 
carload  direct  from  the  kilns,  as  do 
tanneries  and  the  manufactories  of 
glass,  soda,  soap,  axle  grease,  wood 
alcohol, 
calcium  carbide,  wire  and 
many  other articles.

lime 

Michigan’s  supply  of 

comes 
from  Ohio,  Indiana  and  Wisconsin  in 
addition  to  that  produced  in the  State. 
More  Ohio  lime  is  used  than  any  other 
kind,  except  that  made  at  Bay  Shore 
and  Petoskey,  which  is  rapidly  sup­
planting  all  other  brands by  reason  of 
its  purity  and  strength.  E.  M.  Sly.

W.  R.  B R IC E   E S T A B L I S H E D   1852  C .  M .  D RA KE

Ml. R. Brice & Go.

Produce
Commission
Merchants

Butter,  Eqqs.  Poultry 

j

23 South Water Street, 
Philadelphia, Pa.

Watch us grow.

W ell  do  we  remember  forty-eight  years  ago  when  we 
started  in  business  in  this  same  old  store  which  we  have  o c­
cupied  ever  since.  Our  sales  the  first  year  were  tw elve  thou­
sand  seven  hundred  dollars  ($12,700),  and  we  thought  we 
were  doing  a  heavy  business 
Year  by  year  we  have  been 
growing,  and  the  year  1899 
is  high  water  in  our  existence 
O ur  sales  of  Butter,  E g g s   and  Poultry  will  reach  over  the 
m illion  dollar  mark.  W e  have  built  up  this  large  business 
by  fair,  square  business  methods,  quick  sales  and  prom pt 
returns  at  full  market  value.

W e  m ake  a  specialty  of  M ichigan,  O hio  and  Indiana 
goods,  and  can  give  you  a  satisfactory  outlet  for  your  ship­
ments  at  all  tim es  whether  large  or  small.  W e   have  the  out­
let,  experience,  and  together  w ith  being  thoroughly  reliable 
financially,  we  solicit  your  shipm ents  of  Butter,  E g g s   and 
Poultry,  which  will  be  handled 
in  a  business  manner  by 
a  business  house.

Help us grow by consigning us.

Farmers  around  Armour,  S.  D.,  are 
still  complaining  of  the  scarcity of help. 
It  .is  a  poor hand  who  can  not  get  $2  a 
day  in  that  section. 
In  the  vicinity  of 
Bowdle  farmers  found  it  difficult  to  get 
the  necessary  help  to  take  care  of  the 
crops.  The  wages  paid  are  the  highest 
that  have  been  offered  for several  years. 
At  Pierre  the  city  authorities  are unable 
to  secure  men  to  assist  in  putting  in 
new  water  mains  or  to  cut  the  weeds 
along  the  sidewalks.

References:

Corn  Exchange National  Bank,  Philadelphia.
W.  D  Hayes,  Cashier Hastings  National  Bank,  Hastings,  Mich. 
Fourth  National  Bank, Grand  Rapids,  Mich.
D.  C.  Oakes,  Banker, Coopersville,  Mich.
E.  A.  Stowe,  Michigan Tradesman.

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

29

THE  D AILY  PRESS.

Changes  Which  Sixteen  Yearn  Have 

Wrought,

Now  that  the  Michigan  Tradesman  is 
sixteen  years  old,  I  am  tempted to  jot 
down  a  few  thoughts-  -scarcely thoughts, 
but  words-  reminiscent  of  the  daily 
press  of  Grand  Rapids  since  1882.  Yet 
I  am  but  poorly  qualified  for  such  a 
talk,  inasmuch  as  I  left  the  active  work 
of  editorship  on  the  Daily  Eagle  nearly 
twelve  years  ago  and  for the  past  seven 
years  or  more  have  resided  on  a  farm 
forty  miles  distant  from  the Valley City. 
But 
is  true  as  a 
fact,  that  in  no  department  of  business 
has  there  been  greater  or more  rapid  de­
velopment  during  that  sixteen  years 
than  in  the  printing  and  circulation  of 
the  daily  papers. 
It  is  positively  won­
derful  and  almost  bewildering.  My 
mind  wanders  back  through  forty  years

it  may  be  said,  and 

it  has  proven  one 

was  starting  on  a  new  and hazardous  ex­
periment;  but 
in 
which  his  expectations  and  wildest 
hopes  are  more  than  realized,  while,  on 
the  other  hand,  as  remarkable  also  has 
been  the  booming  of  the  daily  press. 
Some  of  the  changes  were  unforeseen, 
and  disastrous,  mayhap,  to managers and 
aids.  The  old  Eagle  went  the  way  of 
an  enfeebled  and  womout 
life.  The 
Herald’s  stalwart  and remarkable growth 
has  come 
in  the  later  period,  and  that 
of  the  Evening  Press  also,  while  the 
Democrat  claims  a  circulation  beyond 
all  former  precedent  in  its  career. 
In­
deed,  the  daily  paper,  from the  estate  of 
being  a  sparingly-used  luxury  has  be­
come  such  a  staple  and  necessary  part 
of  the  family  supply  that  its patrons and 
customers  number thousands  where there 
were  but  hundreds  when  the  Tradesman 
was  established.  And 
to  the  daily

Our New 
1899 Lines of
,  Holiday
'  Chinaand
are now ready

Glassware
Novelties

If you  are interested in these lines write us 
quickly  so  that  we  may  advise  our  traveler 
in your section  to see  you.

W e carry  a  full  line  of  Foreign  and  Do­
mestic  Crockery,  Table  and  Fancy  Glass­
ware,  Fancy  China  and  House  Furnishing 
Goods,  and  make a  specialty  of  5,  10 and  25c 
bargain  retailers.

Our salesmen  are  now  out with  big  lines 
of samples.  W e  make  special terms for early 
orders.  Write  for catalogue.

Kinney  &  Levan

211=221  Bank Street, 
Cleveland, Ohio.

press,  more  than  to  any  other  single 
agency,  doubtless,  is  Grand  Rapids  in­
debted  for  its  marvelous growth.  While 
other  newspapers  have  builded  special­
ties  in  business,  the  daily  press  has  the 
wide  field  of  a  steady  and  strong  push, 
and  a  push  altogether,  in  all  depart­
ments of  social  and  moral  and 
literary 
and  business  life.  And  that  field  they 
are  cultivating  well.  This 
is  no  place 
for  invidious  comparisons;  the  work 
goes  nobly  on,  with  a  tireless  energy  no 
less  marked  than 
is  the  rapid  progress 
of  the  times  in  which  we  live.  And  its 
editors  are  “ instant  in  season  and  out 
of  season’ ’  as  the  preachers  and  teach­
ers.  Let  us  hope  that  religiously  and 
morally,  as  well  as  politically  and 
socially,  they  may  never backslide.

Albert  Baxter.

Life  is  full  of  trials— and  the  lawyers 

are  glad  of  it.

and  more,  and  the  early  career  of  the 
daily  press  seems  much  the more promi­
nent  to  me,  but its  history  would  be  like 
an  old  and  familiar story.

Prior  to  1880,  or thereabout,  progress 
seemed  slow  and  monotonous.  Since 
then  the  age  of  the  printer’s  art  seems 
to  have  almost  vanished  like  a  night’s 
vision— it 
is  no  longer  an  art,  but  a 
driving  trade,  pushed  by  steam  and 
electricity.  The  work 
is  almost  auto­
matic  and  the  type  run  from  the  molten 
metal  by  machinery  to-day  is  recast  for 
to-morrow  by  the  same  power and  proc­
ess. 
is  one  man  doing  the  work  of 
four,  or,  rather,  guiding  the  machine, 
while  engravings,  likewise  pictures  of 
all  sorts,  are  produced  and  printed  with 
marvelous  facility  and  rapidity.

It 

When the present  editor of  the  Trades­
man  stepped  out  from  the reporters’ staff 
of  the  Daily  Eagle,  it  seemed  to me like 
bidding  good-bye  to  a  dear  friend  who

30

F IR E   INSURANCE.

Present  Status  of  the  Business  in  This 

State.

A   thorough  canvass  of  the  situation, 
insurance-wise,  to-day  will  show  that  a 
profit  out  of 
insurance  business  is  al­
most 
impossible  this  year or  for  a  few 
years  to  come,  unless  there  is  more  co- 
operaiton  among  the  companies  and  an 
advance 
in  rates.  While  there  was  a 
small  profit  in  1898,  as  we  obtained  fair 
rates  in  1897,  there  can  be  no  profit 
in 
1899,  because  rates  are  lower  than  those 
of  any  other  year  and  expenses  are 
higher.  The 
loss  ratio  up  to  July  1, 
1899,  as  compared  with  the  same  period 
in  1898 
is  over  ten  million  dollars 
greater.

The  legislatures  in  the  various  states 
for  the  past  few  years  have  taken up  the 
question  of 
insurance  and  have  passed 
many  antagonistic  bills  which  work  to 
the  disadvantage  of  the  ¡companies  and 
the 
insuring  public.  The  business  of 
insurance  has  been  revolutionized  in the 
for­
past  ten  years.  Companies  that 
merly  wrote  but  moderate  lines  on 
in­
dividual  risks 
to-day  will  carry  ten 
times  the  amount  and,  by  a  system  of 
re-insurance,  reduce  their  liability,  thus 
shutting  off  many  companies  from  get­
ting  a  line  direct  on  the  risk.

last 

inventory 

The  usual  practice  is  for an  owner  to 
estimate  the  value  of  the  property  to  be 
insured  and  take  out  a  policy  for the 
amount  or  such  other  less  sum  as  may, 
in  his 
judgment,  be  sufficient.  How 
many  agents  in  granting  insurance care­
fully  estimate  the  value  of  the  property 
and  decline  to  place  any  sum on the risk 
beyond  say,  75  or  80  per  cent,  of  its 
value?  How  many  agents  ask  to  look  at 
the 
inventory  of  a  stock  of  mer­
chandise  or  even  ask  if  one  was  taken? 
I  would  not  insure  a  man  who,  at 
least 
once  a  year  did  not  only  take  but  pre­
serve  an 
in  some  safe  place 
and  also  keep  an  intelligible  merchan­
dise  account,  subject  to  my  inspection 
at  my  pleasure,  as 
long  as  my  policy 
was  in  force.  Over  valuations  usually 
indicate  fraud,  aimed  either at  the 
in­
surance  company  or  the  credit  man. 
Companies  should  realize,  as  against 
a  little  extra  premium,  that  the  interest 
of  the  insured  in  the  preservation  of  his 
property,  on  account  of  the  value  left  to 
his  own  risk,  is  a  wonderful  safeguard 
from 
loss.  From  these  generalities  I 
have  allowed  myself  to  believe  that  a 
fire 
insurance  agent  has  a  moral  and  a 
fiduciary  responsibility  that  he  does  not 
always  fully  recognize  and  obey.

We  often  hear  the  complaint  that rates 
of  insurance  in  the  East  are  much  lower 
than  in  the  West.  A   study  of  what  is 
being  done 
in  Massachusetts  to  lessen 
the  number  of  fires  and  the  loss  to  in­
surance  companies  gives  us  an  object 
lesson  and 
indicates  to  us  one  way  in 
which  we  might 
lessen  the  fire  waste 
and  eventually  obtain  much  lower  rates. 
We  refer  to  the  ..nnual  report  of  Fire 
Marshal  Whitcomb,  of  Massachusetts, 
who  has  charge  of  the 
investigation  of 
all  fires  occuring  in  that  commonwealth. 
He  says:  Thirty-three  percent,  of  the 
total  number  of 
incendiary  fires  were 
set  for  the  purpose  of  defrauding  insur­
In  16  per  cent,  of  in­
ance  companies. 
surance-defrauding 
insured 
parties  have  had  more  than  one  fire;  in 
other  words,  were  people  with  a  record. 
The  three  hundred  and  thirty-seven 
in­
cendiary  fires  in the  State cost  the insur­
ance  companies  $473,473  and  the  four 
hundred and nine fires of unknown origin 
cost  $1,255,702.  The  percentage  of 
in­
cendiary  and  unknown  fires  has  been 
lowered  from  a  former average  of  over

fires 

the 

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

35  per cent,  to  less than  18  percent,  and 
Mr.  Whitcomb  thinks the  good  work has 
only  just  begun. 
Sixteen  per  cent, 
amounts  to  $24,999,  all  of  which  might 
be  saved  to  the  companies  by  more  care 
in  reporting  and  using  the  information.
Michigan  formerly  had  four  stock  in­
surance  companies-  the Detroit Fire and 
Marine  Insurance  Co.  and  the  Michi­
gan  Fire  and  Marine  Insurance  Co.,  of 
Detroit;  the  Grand  Rapids  Fire  Insur­
ance  Co.,  of  Grand  Rapids,  and  the 
Saginaw  Valley  Fire  and  Marine  In­
surance  Co.,  of  Saginaw.

The  Saginaw  Valley  Fire  and  Marine 
Insurance  Co.  was  organized  in  1893, 
with  $100,000  captal;  afterwards 
in­
It  did  a  very  good 
creased  to $200,000. 
business  for  the  first  four  years  of  its 
existence,  but  the 
last  two  years  was 
rather disastrous on  account  of  low  rates 
and  high  expenses,  and  they  were  final­

is  doing  a  business  of  nearly $150,000 
is  more  than  any 
in  Michigan,  which 
individual  company  in  the  State. 
Its 
assets to-day  amount  to $500,000,  with  a 
surplus  of  over $100,000,  and  it  has paid 
$138,000  in  dividends  in  the  past  thir­
teen  years.  These  dividends,  however, 
did  not  come  from  the  fire  insurance 
business  but  from  the  fine 
investments 
made  by  the  Execuitve  Committee, 
looks  after  its  loans  and  mort­
which 
gages. 
Its  income  from  investments to­
day  amounts  to  over $30,000  a  year.

The  three  Michigan  companies  work 
in  harmony  and  have  incorporated what 
is  known  as  the  Michigan  Inspection 
Bureau.  This  Bureau  makes  all  the 
rates  and  forms  in  the  entire  State,  and 
nearly  all  of  the  agents  in  the  State  of 
Michigan  go  to  it  for  information  as  re­
gards  the  proper writing  of  policies  and 
through  this  Bureau  the  people  to-day

ly  compelled  to  re-insure  their  busi­
ness,  which  they  did  in  1899  and  went 
out  of  existence.

The  Detroit  Fire  and  Marine  Insur­
ance  Co.  was organized  in  1866.  It  went 
through  the  big  Chicago  fire,  paying 
dollar for dollar of  its  losses.  This  fire 
wiped out  the  capital  stock  and surplus, 
but  it  was  only  a  short  time  before  the 
company  reorganized  and  was  on its feet 
again,  and 
it  has  shown  a  very  steady 
growth  ever  since.

The  Michigan  Fire  and  Marine  In­
surance  Co.  was  organized  in  1881  and 
has  a  capital  of  $400,000. 
It  does  a 
good business  in  Michigan.

organized 

The  Grand  Rapids  Fire  Insurance 
1882,  with 
Co.  was 
$100,000  capital;  afterwards 
increased 
to $200,000.  The  first  five  years  of  its 
existence  the  Grand  Rapids  Fire  Insur­
ance  Ox  did  a  business  of  less  than 
$25,000  in  its  own  State,  while  to-day  it

in 

are  accomodated  with  policy  forms  and 
riders that  much  better  protect  their  in­
terests  than 
if 
left  to  the  usual  local 
agent  to get  up.

If  a  person  would  take  the  trouble  to 
look  into  the  loss  ratio of the  companies 
doing  business  in  the  State  of  Michigan 
and  compare  the  loss  ratio of  the  three 
Michigan  companies  with  that  of  the 
foreign  and  companies  of other states he 
he  would  find  that the  Michigan  compa­
nies’  loss  ratio is  much  smaller than that 
of  the  other companies doing business in 
the  State,  their  average  being  below  50 
per cent,  ratio,  while  the  other compan­
ies  is  above  55  per  cent,  ratio.  This 
simply  goes  to  show  that  the  Michigan 
companies  get.the choice  of  the  business 
in  Michigan  and,  being  organized  in 
two  of  the 
largest  cities  of  the  State, 
they  get  what  is  known  as  the  cream  of 
the  business 
in  those  cities.  Then, 
again,  they  employ  special agents whose

only  duty  is  to  inspect  the  business  put 
on  their books,  and  in  that  manner they 
weed  out  all  undesirable  risks  and  keep 
in  touch  with  their business  more  close­
ly  than  the  outside  companies  do.  The 
Michigan  companies  received  in  prem­
iums  in  1898  $350,996.29.  Companies 
of  other states,  $2,819,008,  while  the for­
eign  companies  received  $1,421,983.13.
It  should  be  the  aim  of  every  policy 
holder  in  the  State  of  Michigan  to  se­
cure  a  policy  in  the  home  companies, 
as  these  companies  are  a  great  benefit 
to the  State  and  do as  much  toward  ad­
vertising  the  State  of  Michigan  as  any 
corporation  in  the  State  and  in  case  of 
a  loss,  they  ensure  a  prompt  and  satis­
factory settlement.  W.  Fred  McBain.

Unofficial  History  of  the  F ly  Paper  In­

dustry.

No  history  of  the  fly  paper industry  of 
Grand  Rapids  will  probably  ever  be 
written  because  of  the  reluctance  of 
those  on  the 
inside  to  say  anything 
whatever  about  the  buisness  in any  of 
its  branches. 
In  all  probability,  no  en­
terprise  has  ever  been  conceived  and 
carried  forward  with  so  little  publicity 
as  has  marked  the  fly  paper business  es­
tablished  here  by  the  Thum  brothers ten 
or a  dozen  years  ago.  As  near  as  the 
Tradesman  can  ascertain the  facts,  how­
ever,  the  sticky  paper  was  first  manu­
factured  by  H.  &  F.  Thum  when  they 
were 
in  the  retail  drug  business  on 
Canal  street.  Otto  Thum,  a  younger 
brother,  did  not  take  to the  drug  busi­
ness,  but  appeared  to  have  a  natural 
leaning  toward  mechanics  and  spent 
most  of  his  time 
in  and  around  the 
Leitelt  foundry  and  machine  shop.  As 
the  demand  for  fly  paper increased,  Otto 
and  the  youngest  brother,  William,  un­
dertook  its  manufacture  in  a bam  in  the 
rear  of  the  Thum  homestead  on  Bowery 
street,  using  a  crude  machine  contrived 
by  Otto  Thum  and  manufactured  under 
his  personal  supervision.  As  the  de­
mand  increased  and  the  business  out­
grew  the  bam,  land  was  purchased  on 
the  location  of  the  present  factory  and 
a  small  plant  was  erected.  From  that 
time  on  the  business  has  been  one  of 
marvelous  growth,  the  buildings  now 
covering  many  acres  of  ground,  while 
the  output  of  the  factory  finds a  market 
in  every  country  where  flies  abound. 
Hugo  and  Ferdinand  Thum  sold their 
retail  drug  store  and  joined their young­
er  brothers  in  the  management  of  the 
business,  and  a  couple  of  years  ago they 
purchased  Otto’s  interest 
in  the  busi­
ness  for an  even  $100,000.  How  much 
this  interest was  the  Tradesman  has  no 
means of  knowing,  but  the  assumption 
is  that  it  represented  a  one-quarter  in­
terest  at  that  time.  Less  than  a  year 
ago  the  other  three  brothers  sold  the 
business outright  to Berry  Bros.,  of  De­
troit,  for  $600,000  in  cash,  purchasing 
a  small  stock 
interest  in the  re-organ­
ized  company  and  giving  it  the  benefit 
of  their best  thought  and  attention.  Few 
interests  have  sprung  up  with  greater 
rapidity  or developed a larger amount  of 
profit  within  a  given  time  than  the  fly 
paper factory  of  the  O.  &  W.  Thum Co.

Local Expressmen  Not  Common  Carriers.
The  Commissioner of  Internal  Reve­
nue  has  decided  that  local  baggage  ex­
pressmen  are  not  common  carriers,  and 
consequently  not  affected  by  the  provi­
sions of the  new  United  States  Internal 
Revenue  act,  which  requires  every com­
mon  carrier to  give  a  receipt  for  goods 
accepted  by  him  for  transportation,  and 
to affix  to  it  a  one-cent  stamp.  This re­
lieves  local  baggage  carriers  from  pay­
ing  a  tax  of  one  cent  for each  trunk  or 
article of  baggage transported  by  them.

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

31

* Worden Grocer Co.

Importers  and  Jobbers

- - -  HERE  ARE  OUR  LEADERS - -  -

Quakeress,  Queen,  Princess  and  Perfection  Teas.  Quaker  Coffees. 

Laurel  and  Quaker  Flour. 
Dutchess  Corn,  Lima  Beans  and Succotash. 

Lakeside  Peas,  6  grades. 

Jersey  Cheese. 

Quaker  Canned  Goods. 
Jas.  S.  Kirk  &   C o s Soaps. 
Dinner  Party  High  GradeCanned  Goods. 

Boro-Lithia,  Mineral  and  Table  Waters  and  Hygeia  Ginger  Ale.

W.  L.  FREEMAN,  Prest.

CHAS.  F.  ROOD,  V.  Prest.

WM. n . BUTTS, Sec’y.

W.  F.  BLAKE, Treas.

32

K f R M TV R E  TRADE.

W ronghL

Some rhaiiK«‘s_\Vhirli  Sixteen  Years  Have 
Where  ‘ ‘ many  are  called,  but  few  are 
chosen,”   a  seventeenth annual  is  indeed 
an  occasion  worthy of  special  commem­
oration.  Many  trade  journals  come,  but 
few  survive;  and 
it  affords  me  great 
pleasure  to  extend  to  the  energetic  pub­
lisher  and  able  editor  of  the  Tradesman 
my  personal  congratulations on  the  cele­
bration  of  this  the seventeenth  annivers­
ary  of  the  establishment of his  journal 
and wish  that its shadow may never grow 
less  and  its  field  for  usefulness  continue 
to  expand.

A  retrosjlection  of  the  past  seventeen 
years  reveals  wonderful  changes in many 
lines  of  trade  and  industry.  Especially 
has the  development  of  electricity,  par­
ticularly  as applied to the telephone, rev­
olutionized  business  methods.  The  es­
tablishment  of  the  gold  standard  in  this 
and  other  countries,  by  which  untold 
millions of  dollars’  worth of property has 
been confiscated  to the owners of  money, 
and  business  men  who  have  been  bank­
rupted  by  the  tens  of  thousands,  has 
wonderfully  changed  the  personnel  of 
the  business  world  and  compeled  trans­
actions  to  be  conducted  on  smaller  mar­
gins.  The  revolution  that  is continually 
working 
in  business  affairs,  as  well  as 
in  nature,  has  brought  and  is  bringing 
about  a  consolidation of  interests  that, 
if  used  rightly  and  discreetly  by  those 
concerned,  may  be  productive  of great 
good,  but  if  used  selfishly  and  solely  for 
personal  gain 
it  will  be  the  cause  of 
contention  and  strife  the  end  of  which 
no  man  can  foretell.

The  increase  of  population  during  the 
last  sixteen  years  and  the  remarkable 
changes  in  transportation  facilities  have 
altered  many  and  established  new  cen­
ters  of  trade  and  industry.  Manufac­
tories  that  flourished  in certain localities 
have  vanished,  never  to  return,  but 
other centers have been built  up  and  will 
have  their day.  Such  has been  the  ex­
perience  of  the  furniture  industry',  of 
which  1  have  been  invited  to  write  es­
pecially.

1  assume  that  furniture  was  one  of  the 
subjects  selected  by  the  editor  for  the 
reason  that  the  manufacture  of  furniture 
is  really  one  of  the  important  industries 
of  Grand  Rapids  and  of  the  State,  and 
it  has  become  such  largely  in  the  past 
sixteen  years.  Twenty-rive  years  ago 
there  was  little  or no  fine furniture made 
in  the  United  States outside  of  Boston, 
New  York,  Philadelphia,  Rochester and 
Cincinnati.  When  I  speak  of  furniture 
in  this  article,  I  do  not 
include  parlor 
goods  or chairs,  but  refer only  to  cabi­
net  work,  as  this 
is  the  specialty  in 
which  Michigan  excels.  To-day  the 
manufacturers 
in  those  cities  have  all 
disappeared—some  retired,  others  were 
bankrupted  -and  the  fine  furniture  is 
now  made 
in  the  Great  Middle  West, 
with  Grand  Rapids  recognized,  even  by 
our  most  persistent  competitors,  as the 
center.  This  is the  Mecca  to  which  all 
of  the 
large  furniture  dealers  of  the 
country  semi-annually  journey,  and  its 
ascendance, 
judgment  of  the 
writer,  is  assured  for  at  least  the  next 
generation.

in  the 

In  the  evolution  of  the  furniture  busi­
ness  many  changes  have  been  wrought 
during  these  sixteen  years.  The cost  of 
manufacture  has  been 
largely  reduced, 
by  the 
introduction  of  new  machinery 
and  by  the  methods  of  doing  business, 
so that  it  is  possible  to-day  to adorn  the 
home  with  artisjlc  furniture  at  a  mini­
mum  cost,  and  this  has  resulted 
in­
creased  sales  of  articles  that  were  con­

in 

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

sidered  purchasable  only  by  the_wealthy 
twenty  years  ago.  Then  a  lady’s  writ­
ing  desk  was  a  novelty.  To-day they 
are  so  cheap  that  every  lady  has  one. 
Formerly  the  musician was satisfied with 
a  common  rack  for  music.  To-day  a 
beautiful  mahogany  cabinet  can  be  pur­
chased  for $io,  and the demand  for them 
has  enormously  increased.  Artistically 
designed  bookcases  have  supplanted, 
at  the  same  cost,  the  old  hanging  book 
shelves,  and  china  closets,  sideboards 
and  a  dozen  other articles  that  were  a 
luxury  a  few  years  ago  are  to-day  possi­
ble  to  people  of  very  moderate  means. 
Furniture  has become  an  educator. 
It 
has  cultivated  the  artistic  side  of our 
nature. 
It  has  made  the  home beautiful 
and,  with  good  books  and  good  society, 
is  making  the  home  better.  On  the 
industry  has 
other  hand,  the  furniture 
not  developed  proportionately, 
taking

field  of fumituremaking been encroached 
upon  to  such  an  extent  that  its growth 
has been  proportionately  less  than  other 
important  industries.

The  exportation  of  American  furni­
ture  has done  much  to  maintain  the 
in­
dustry ;  yet this  feature  is only  in  its  in­
fancy.  Under a  consolidation  of 
inter­
ests  it  would  be  possible  to increase  this 
trade  tenfold.  We beat  the  world  now 
on  prices. 
Intelligent  and  persistent 
efforts  in  catering  to  foreign  wants 
would  give  us the  world's  markets.  The 
volume  of  trade  at  the  present  time  is 
the 
it  has been  since  1892 ;  but 
the  margin  of  profit  is  reduced.  Wages 
have  become  considerably  advanced 
in 
the  last  years,  but  still  are  about  10  per 
cent,  less  than  in  1894.  The 
immedi­
ate  future  holds  out  a  promise  of  com­
parative  prosperity,  which 
is  being 
availed  of  to  the  fullest  extent possible.

largest 

the  country  at 
large,  with  many other 
lines  of  manufacture,  and  it  is question­
able  whether  the  total  production  to­
day  exceeds  that  of  ten  years  ago.  One 
reason  for this  is  that  the  manufacture 
of  wooden  beds  has  practically  been 
destroyed  by  the  substitution  of  metal 
beds,  which,  by  the  way,  are  only  fit  for 
an  asylum  or  sanitarium.  The  craze 
for  them  has  nearly  run  its  course  and 
the  demand  for artistic  wooden  beds 
is 
again  increasing.  Also  sanitary  require­
ments  have  substituted  stationary  wash- 
stands  for  the  old  wooden  ones,  which 
is  a  good  change.  Then,  again, 
the 
manufacture  of  wardrobes  sixteen  years 
ago  was  a  very  large  business.  To-day 
it  is  insignificant,  as  all  modem  houses, 
no  matter how  humble, are provided with 
closets.  Many t>f  the  better houses  now 
building  are  constructed with sideboards 
J and  bookcases  in  the  walls  of  the  re­
spective  rooms.  Thus  has the  legitimate

The  wrecks  of  furniture  ventures  that 
are  strewn  along  the  pathway of  com­
merce  are  a  silent  warning  of  the  fate 
that  awaits  the  majority  of  those  who 
embark 
in  manufacturing  enterprises 
without  the  special  qualifications  and 
experience  necessary  to  insure  success. 
These  reminders of  failure  are  scattered 
from  Gotham  to  the  Golden  Gate  and 
from  the  wheatlands  of  the  North  to  the 
perfumed  gardens  of the  Gulf.

But  they will  not  deter  others.  New 
enterprises  will  be  launched,  the  major­
ity of  which  must  fail.  During the  past 
sixteen  years  more  factories  have passed 
out  of  existence  than  are  with  us to-day. 
The  race  is  to the  swift.  The  relentless 
competition  of  the  commercial  life  of 
to-day  heeds  not  the  weak. 
It  has  no 
charity. 
It  grinds  as  between  the  up­
per and  the  nether millstones those  who 
fall  behind.  This  condition  is  not  only 
a  detriment  to capital,  but  is  an  injus­

tice  to  labor.  How  long  will  it  con­
tinue?  Why.  would  not  co-operation 
among  owners be  a  good  substitute  for 
this  senseless  competition,  which  is  not 
the  lifo  of  trade? 

Chas.  R.  Sligh.

The  Summer  Vacation.

Americans  have  been  accused  of  tak­
ing  life  too  seriously,  and  so the  setting 
apart  of  the  summer as  a  kind  of annual 
vacation  season  has  been  hailed  with 
loud  acclaim  as  an  indication  that  at 
last,  as  a  nation,  we  were  learning  how 
to  play.  The  theory  in  itself  has  every­
thing  to  recommend 
it.  We  all  know 
that  the  bow  too tightly  bent  snaps  the 
easiest,  and  that  overworked  nerves  and 
muscles  and  brain  are  sure  sooner or 
later to  revenge  themselves  in  sickness. 
No  one  can  question  for a  moment  the 
advantages  to be  derived  from  a  season 
of  perfect  rest  and  relaxation  from  the 
cares of  life.

Unhappily  this  beautiful  theory  of  a 
vacation  and  the  real  thing  seldom  co­
incide.  The  rich  woman  who goes  off to 
a  swell  summer  resort  where  she  must 
make  half  a  dozen  elaborate  toilets  a 
day,  and  where  life  resolves  itself  into 
a  relentless  race  for  display,  surely  can 
not  be  said  to  get  either  rest  or  relaxa­
tion  from  her outing.  With  the  poorer 
woman  the  result 
is  generally  equally 
unsuccessful.  The  prelude  to  her going 
has  been  weeks  of  slaving  over the  sew­
ing  machine,  twisting  and  turning,  and 
contriving,  that  she  may  make  a  credit­
able  appearance  among  peoj le  better off 
than  herself,  and  where,  after  all  her 
trouble,  she  finds  not  peace  and  rest, 
but  envy  and  heartburning.  Such  a  one, 
looking  back  over the  money  spent  and 
effort  wasted,  might  well  declare  that 
the  game  is  not  worth  the  candle.

With  the  working  woman  the  case 

is 
even  worse.  The  money  for the  trip, 
and  the 
inevitable  clothes,  represent 
many  pinching  economies,  and  when 
she  finds  that  it  only  buys  a  little closet­
like  room 
in  a  big  summer  hotel,  and 
the  privilege  of  sitting  around  on  the 
gallery  and 
looking  lonesome,  it  is  no 
wonder  that  she  feels she has  been  taken 
in  and  deceived  by  the  rosy  pictures  of 
vacation 
life.  One  such  woman,  who 
has  had  this  experience  a  number of 
times,  has  invented  what  she  calls  a 
home  vacation,  which  she  is  enjoying 
this  year.  I had  two  weeks’  leave  of  ab­
sence  from  my  desk,  she  said,  and  I 
asked  myself  what  was  it  in  an  ideal 
summer  trip  I  should  enjoy.  First,  of 
course,  I  said,  mopping  my  perspiring 
brow,  I  should  revel 
in  cool  breezes. 
Thereupon  I  had  an  electric  fan  put  in 
my  room,  at  about  a  tenth  of  what  it 
would  cost  me  to  reach  anywhere  by 
rail  where  there  was  the  remotest  pros­
pect  of  a  cool  zephyr.  Then,  of course, 
I  should  want to go to  some  place where 
I  could  enjoy  delicious  fish.  Well,  to 
realize  that  in  a  perfection  that  no sum­
mer  hotel  ever dreamed  of on  earth,  I 
have  only  to  put  on  my  hat  and  go to a 
little  French  restaurant  I  know,  where 
the  fish  and  crabs  and  shrimp  are 
enough  to  melt  the  heart  of  a  stone  im­
age.  When  I  want  to wander under  the 
greenwood  tree  I  go  out  to the  parks 
with  my  book,  where  nature  is  just  as 
unsophisticated  as  it  is around  any sum­
mer hotel.  Best  of  all,  I  don’t  have  to 
dress,  or  run  any  fire  of criticism  on  my 
clothes,  and  when  I  lounge  on  a  couch, 
under  my  electric  fan,  with  a  cooling 
drink,  and  a  good  novel,  I’m  not  envy* 
ing  any  tripper,  as the  English .call  e^  
cursionists, 
in  the  whole  length  *an<! 
breadth  of the  land, 

.  Cora  Stowell.

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

33

4L

ESTABLISHED  1872

Wholesale macera

LEIII S WHEELER

GRAND  RAPIDS,  MICH

4L

AGENTS  FOR

W ASHBURN,  CR O SBY  C O .’S

HOLD ML
pausili  FLOH

AND

AMERICA’S  G R EA TEST  FLOURS

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

34

R AILW AY  DEVELOPMENT.

Wonderful  Strides  Achieved  During  the 

Past  Sixteen  Years.

In  complying  with  your  request for an 
article  on  railroad  development,  I  can 
do no better than  to take  up  the  subject 
where  Mr.  Shelby  dropped  it  last  year, 
although  he  covered  the  ground  so  fully 
I  may  be  found  to be  repeating  to  some 
extent.  However,  I  will  do the  best  1 
can  from  convenient  records 
in  the 
limited  time  at  my  disposal.

Railroad  development  has  been  of 
such  great  magnitude  during  the  past 
fifty  years  that  it  seems  almost  impos­
sible  to  treat  more  than  one  phase  of 
it  at  a  time  and  do  it  justice.  Michi­
gan 
is  an  excellent  index  of  what  has 
been  done  and  is being  done  in  railroad 
development  over the  entire  country and 
it 
is  a  great  satisfaction  to find  it  in 
the foremost ranks  of  the  states  enjoying 
freedom  from 
labor  troubles  and  uni­
form  protection  of  its  citizens  in  their 
relations  with the great common carriers.
in  rail­
roads  in  the  United  States  was  $5,400,- 
000,000; the gross earnings,  $613,000,000, 
or  11.3  per cent,  of  the  capital invested; 
the  net  earnings,  4.7  percent. 
In  1897 
the  capital 
invested  was  $11,518,000,- 
000;  the  gross earnings,  $1,123,000,900, 
or 9.7  per cent,  of  the  capital  invested; 
the  net  earnings  were  2.9  per cent.

In  1880  the  capital 

invested 

In  the  United  States  the  advancement 

is  indicated  by  the  following  figures:

Miles of  railway,  1883,  106,938.
Miles  of  railway,  1897,  181,133.
Passengers  carried,  1883,  312,686,641.
Passengers  carried,  1897,  504,106,205.
Average  rate  per  passenger  per  mile, 

1883,  2.422  cents.

Average  rate  per  passenger  per  mile, 

1897,  2.029.

tons.

tons.

Freight  transported,  1883,  400,453,439 

Freight  transported,  1897,  788,385,448 

Average  rate  per  ton  per mile,  1883, 

Average  rate  per  ton  per  mile,  1897, 

1.224  cents.

0.783  cents.

In  the  group  termed  by  the  Interstate 
Commerce  Commission  as  the  Central 
Northern  States,  which  includes  Michi­
gan,  Ohio,  Indiana,  Illinois  and  Wis­
consin,  the  following  figures  show  that 
this  section  of  the  country  has  held  its 
own  in  comparison  with  the  other  parts 
of  the  country  and  when  the  small  pro­
portion  of  population  per acre  is com­
pared  with  the  East,  the  comparison  is 
decidedly  more  favorable  for  this  sec­
tion :

Miles  of  railway,  1883,  38,903.
Miles  of  railway,  1897,  53,899.
Passengers  carried,  1883,  70,849,750.
Passengers  carried,  1897,  111,413,808.
Average  rate  per  passenger  per mile, 

1883,  2.36  cents.

1897,  2.06 cents.

Average  rate  per  passenger  per mile, 

Freight  transported,  1883,  118,323,072 

Freight  transported,  1897,  224,298,857 
Average  rate  per ton  per mile,  1883, 

Average  rate  per  ton  per mile,  1897, 

tons.
tons.
1.04  cents.

0.73  cents.

Since  the  birth  of  the  Tradesman,  I 
recall  the  following  notable  features  in 
railway  progress:  Then,  within  this 
State  there  were  no  interlocking  switch­
ing  arrangements  with protection signals 
and  derailers,  which  are  now  in general 
use  and  which  permit  the  running  of 
trains  at  high  speed  over grade  cross­
ings  with  other  railroads  with  perfect 
safety.  Labor  in  the  shops  has been 
largely  changed  from  hand  to  mechan­
ical power;  pneumatic and  electric  tools 
now  do  the  work  in  less than  half the 
time  formerly taken by hand  and  do  it 
better.  Electric  cranes  pick  up  and

move  an  entire  engine  and 
equally 
heavy  weights  from  one  part  of the  shop 
to  another with  ease  and  speed.  Freight 
:ars  are  painted  now  by  spraying  on the 
jaint  with  pneumatic  power and  in one- 
fifth  the  time  formerly  taken  by  hand 
ind  with  better  results.  Sixteen  years 
ago the  more  advanced  railroads  in  this 
State  were  laid with  56 pound steel rails; 
many  of  the  others  were  iron.  Now  the 
rails  of  practically  all  the  railroads  are 
)f  steel  and  range  from  70 to 90  pounds 
per yard.  Then  the  bridges  were  mostly 
wooden;  now  they  are  of  steel  and 
stone. 
The  maximum  capacity  for 
freight  cars  was  30,000  pounds;  to-day 
they  are  generally 60,000,  some  running 
is  high  as  80,000,  anil  on  some  of  the 
larger  lines,  principally  coal  carrying 
roads,  cars  are  built  of  100,000  pounds 
capacity.  Sixteen  years  ago  many  of 
in  this  State  burned 
the  locomotives 
wood;  now  they  bum 
coal.  Cattle 
guards  were  then  crude  affairs  of  wood 
aid  across  a  pit  dug 
in  the  ground, 
now  they  are  iron  and  laid  on  the  sur­
face.  Sixteen  years  ago  the  largest  en­
gines  were  of  16  by  24  inch  cylinders 
and  weighing  80,000  pounds ;  to-day  19 
by  24 
inch  cylinder engines  weighing 
125,000  pounds  are  in  general use and in 
many  cases,  on  roads with heavy  grades, 
engines  of  still  greater  weight  and  ca­
pacity  are  used.  The  application  of 
vestibules  to  passenger  coaches,  insur­
ing 
increased  comfort  and  safety,  has 
been  effected  since  the  birth  of  the 
Tradesman.  The  first  of what are termed 
“ limited”  
inaugurated 
within a  short  time  before  the  first  ap­
pearance  of  your  paper. 
Improvement 
in  these  trains  has  been  very  marked al­
most  every  year  since  that  time  and  to­
day  they  are  of  unprecedented  luxury, 
furnishing,  as  a  rule,  to  the  people 
traveling,  accommodations  greatly 
in 
excess  of  what  they  enjoy  at  home. 
During  the  life  of  your  paper,  railways 
have  been  extended 
into  Old  Mexico, 
so that our  people  are now and have been 
in  close  touch  with  the  citizens  of  that 
old,  rich  and  romantic  country  for  a 
number of  years  past.

trains  were 

On  many  of  the  richer  and  larger 
lines,  features  for the comfort,  education 
and  moral  improvement  of  the men have 
been established that did not beforeexist, 
such  as  libraries,  hospitals  and  branches 
of  the  Young  Men’s  Christian  Associa­
tion,  all  of  which  are  fostered  by  the 
railroads.  On  a  number of  the  railroad 
lines,  relief  and  life  insurance  associa­
tions  have  been  established,  together 
with  savings banks  and  pension  depart­
ments,  for the benefit  and  care  of  their 
employes. 
is  a  disposition 
amounting  to  an  intention  on  the  part 
of  the  roads  throughout this country gen­
erally  to extend these  well-known  bene­
fits  and  improvements  as  fast  as  they 
are  able  to.

There 

When  the  Tradesman  made  its  first 
appearance 
it  was  the  custom  of  rail- 
foad  companies  to  suspend  or  fine  em­
ployes guilty  of carelessness or disobedi­
ence  of  orders.  This  method  was  found 
to  inflict  a  greater  punishment  upon  the 
families of  the  employes  than  upon  the 
employes  and  the  enforced 
idleness 
offered  temptations for dissipation which 
affected  seriously  the  morals  of  the  men 
and  the  discipline  of  the  service,  in 
addition  to  which,  during  the time  of 
suspension,  the  men  were  without  pay 
and  thereby  frequently  incurred  heaify 
indebtedness  which became  burdensome 
loads  for them  to  carry.  Several  years 
ago a  new  system  of  discipline  was 
in 
augurated.  This  system  provides  that 
a  record  of each employe  in the  respec-

Columbian
Transfer
Company
15, 17 and 19 N. Market St., 
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Telephone  3 8 1.
T r a n s f e r   B u s i n e s s 
P a s s e n g e r   a n d 
F r e i g h t   S e r v i c e 
H e a v y   T r u c k i n g 
P a r c e l  D e li v e r y 
H o u s e h o ld   M o v i n g 
D r y   a n d   C o l d   S t o r a g e 

G e n e r a l  W a r e h o u s e m e n

s t  m

S ix  years  ago  we  purchased  the  business  of  B all  & 

W aters.  A t  that  time  the  com pany  handled  only  the 

passenger  and  baggage  business  between 

the  depots, 

hotels  and  private  houses. 

Since  then  we  have  added 

the  freight  trucking,  dry  and cold  storage  and  warehouse 

business  of 

the  Grand  R apids  Storage  &   Transfer 

C o.,  and  more  recently  we  have  also  added 

the 

parcel  delivery,  m oving  van,  household  m oving  and 

storage  business  of 

the  R ed  L in e  Transfer  Co.

W e  started  in  1893  with  thirty-four  men  and  forty- 

two  horses;  to-day  we  are  working  one  hundred  and 

five  men  and  one  hundred  and  nineteen  horses,  and  are 

in  a  position  to  prom ptly  take  care  of  any  business  of­

fered  us  in  our  particular  lines.

Responsible and Satisfactory Service Guaranteed

%   m

Edson, 
Moore  & 

Company

m

mI

3?

Wholesale
Dry
Goods

Detroit,
Michigan

W e  keep  everything  in staple  dry  goods, 
also  a complete stock  of  Dress  Goods,  Linings, 
Notions,  Underwear and  Furnishings.

W e  handle  the  entire  product  of  the  Ste. 
Clair  Manufacturing  Company,  and  now  have 
on  sale the  Fall  line  of  Wool  and  Silk  Waists, 
Ladies’  Dressing  Jackets,  Skirts,  Wrappers, 
Men’s  and  Women’s  Night  Gowns, etc., etc.

All  are  strictly  high  grade goods of the best 
material  and  finish,  and  are  sold  at  popular 
prices.

Goods  Sold  to  the  Trade  Only

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

35

tive  department,  shall  be carefully kept, 
so that  it  can  be  accurately  determined 
when the  employe  becomes  so  generally 
unsatisfactory  as to  unfit  him  for further 
service.  Under  this  system  a  certain 
number  of  marks  are  charged  against 
the  record  of  an  employe  for  each  case 
of  carelessness  resulting  in  loss  or dam­
age to the  company’s  property  and  the 
number  of  marks  charged  against  a 
man’s  record  is  from  i  to 60 according 
to  the  character  of  the  offense.  When 
60 marks  have  been  charged  against  the 
record  of  an  employe,  his  services  are 
dispensed  with.  For  every  twelve  con­
secutive  months of  service  free  from  de­
merit  marks,  ten  marks  are  deducted 
from  any  that  may  have  previously been 
charged  against  the  employe.  Employes 
are  offered  every opportunity for appeal­
ing  against  any  decision.  This  system 
of  discipline  has brought  about material 
improvement  in  the  condition  of  the 
men  and  the  morale  of  the  service  and 
many  of  the  roads  have  already  adopted 
into  line.
it  and  others  are  fast  falling 
The  genius  of  our  country  is  daily 
promulgating  some  device  for the  gen­
eral  improvement  of  the  service.  Prob­
ably  99  pfer  cent,  of  these  devices  are 
found  in  actual  practice  to be  worthless. 
There  are,  however,  of  the  remainder 
sufficient  with  merit  to  aid  in  the  ma­
terial  development  of  the  railway  prop­
erties  and  these  are  being  promptly 
made  use  of.  Railroad  development 
has  been  demonstrated  more  effectively 
in  the  constant  improvement in the busi­
ness  relations  and  confidence  between 
the  railway  management  and  their  pa­
trons  than  in  any  other direction.  This 
is  becoming  more  and  more  marked 
every  year and  is  solidifying  the  great 
commercial 
interest  of  our  public  in  a 
way  that 
is  best  demonstrated  by  the 
magnificent  results  which  the  press of 
our  country  so  clearly  and  thoroughly 
place before  us  daily.

Chas.  M.  Heald.

Borne Store M ottoes.

One  of  the  best  store  mottoes  I  have 
seen  recently  is,  We  are  not  satisfied 
unless  you  are.  This  was  hung  in  a 
prominent  place 
just  inside  the  street 
door  of  a  general  store 
in  a  country 
town. 
It  was  printed  in  large  stencil 
letters on a sheet of manila paper about 25 
by 50 inches. 
It  was  so  suspended  from 
the  ceiling  that  it  could be  read very 
easily  by  any  one  entering the  store. 
It 
is  a  good  business  motto.  Another 
motto I  saw  not  long ago read,  We  never 
try  to sell  goods  you do not  want.  Many 
merchants  make  the  mistake  of  having 
their clerks  force  goods  upon  customers, 
whether  the  customer  really  wants  the 
goods  or not,  and  whether the  goods  are 
really  satisfactory  or not. 
I  have  seen 
customers  take  goods  they  knew  they 
did  not  want,  and  the  clerk  knew  it, 
and  the  probability  is  the  proprietor 
also knew  it.  The  clerk  or the  proprie­
tor was  more  persistent  than the custom­
er,  and  so  forced  the  cusomer  to  buy.
I  do not  believe  it  ever  pays  to  force  a 
customer  to  take  things  he  does  not 
want.  Another  motto,  displayed  in  a 
Kansas  City department store,  reads,  We 
carry  nothing  beyond  its  season. 
If the 
merchant  really  does  business  in  this 
way,  and  has no out-of-date  goods,  and 
carries  nothing  in  stock  longer than  its 
season,  he 
is  quite  sure  to draw trade 
with  such  a  motto.  However,  if he  puts 
up  a  sign of that  kind,  inviting  custom­
ers  to examine  his  goods,  and  they  find 
the  goods  are  not  strictly  in  season,  and 
are  not  exactly  as  represented by the 
sign,  the  merchant  will  be  the  loser. 
Store  mottoes  are  good.  things,  and 
should be  used  plentifully  in  all  country 
stores.  They  should  be  neat  and  attract­
ive,  neither  too  large  nor small,  and 
there  should  be  no  pretense  at  fancy 
lettering.  Above  all  other  considera­
tions,  they  should be  truthful.

W h y   G ran d  R apid s  Snap  F acto ries  H are 

Not  Succeeded.

Replying  to your communication  rela­
tive  to  the  establishment  of  a  soap  in­
dustry  in  this  city,  would  say  that  the 
history  of  such  an  enterprise,  locally, 
is  one  of  business  disaster.  My  own 
experience  was  no exception  to  the  rest.
I  can  only  state  my  own  individual  ex­
perience  as  to  the  cause,  but  I  believe 
that  the  obstacles  which  I  had  to en­
counter  apply 
in  a  general  way  to the 
business.

The  facts  are,  the  old  established 
companies--Kirk,  Babbitt  and  Procter 
&  Gamble—and  such  companies  as have 
been 
in  business  for  years  have  estab­
lished  such  a  reputation  that  it  is  im­
possible  to  break  in  upon  their  custom­
ers.  This 
is  made  still  more  secure 
from  the  fact  that  it  is  women  who  es-.  • 
tablish  the  merit  of  the  commodity  and 
they  are  not  prepared  to change  their 
minds  on  the  value  of  such  household 
articles  very  suddenly  and  there  is  not 
margin  of value  enough  in  a  bar of  soap 
to encourage  a  dealer to debate  the  sub­
ject  with  his  lady  customer to  convince 
her that  a  new  article  contains  an  equal 
degree  of  merit.  When  a  lady  asks  for 
Fairbank’s  soap,  she  will  not  take  any 
other  and  this  leaves  the  new,  untried 
article  without  a  market.

To my  mind,  I  do not  know of  a more 
hopeless  venture  than  the  establishment 
of  a  soap  business  in  this  city ;  not  that 
our  people  are  disposed  to  be  unclean, 
but  rather  they  make  use  of  soap  that 
has  an  unqestioned  reputation.

I  predicted  for the  Challenge  poeple 
the  misfortune  that  has  overtaken  them. 
They  solicited  me  when  they  were about 
to  establish  their business,  but  my  ex­
perience  has  been  too  convincing  and  I 
in  time  they 
told  them  frankly  that 
would  only  have  the  wrong  side  of 
the 
loss  and  gain account  to tell  the  story  of 
their  misfortune. 

M.  Shanahan.

V alu e  o f a  Stock  B o o k.

A  large  element  in the  success  of  any 
business  is  the  ability to  purchase  goods 
properly.  This  is  as  true  in  the  store 
business  as  in  any  place else.  There are 
several  kinds  of  buyers:  First, 
the 
plunger,  who  buys  in 
large  quantities 
simply  because  by  so  doing  he  can  save 
a  few  cents  a  pound  or dozen,  not taking 
into consideration  his  reasonable  wants 
at  a ll;  then  the  man  who  is  interested 
in  mere  cheapness  of  price,  losing  sight 
of  quality  entirely 
in  his  endeavor to 
get  a  low  quotation;  next  we  have  the 
buyer  who  is  afraid  to  buy  enough 
goods  to  supply  his  wants  for fear  he 
will  overstock. 
It is  plain  to everybody 
that  neither  of  these  can  be  called  a 
good  buyer.  A good  buyer will  not  sac­
rifice  quality  for  price,  but  will  seek  to 
buy  goods  as  cheaply  as  possible;  he 
will  not  buy  in quantities  in  excess  of 
his  legitimate  wants  in  order to save  a 
few  cents  a  pound,  while  he  loses  twice 
the  amount  saved  in  having  the  excess 
over his  wants as  dead  stock.

In  order to buy  intelligently  one  must 
know  how  goods  sell,  what  is  a  reason­
able  price  to  pay  for them,  and  what 
grade  of  goods  are  best  suited  to his 
wants.  Nothing  gives  a  merchant  so 
much  information  in  regard  to  just what 
he  wants  to  know  as a  well-kept  stock 
book.  Such  a  book  will  give  just  such 
information as  is necessary to enable  the 
buyer  to  have  a  complete  record,  not 
only of  prices  paid,  but  when  and  from  • 
whom  purchased,  and  also  the  quantity 
purchased. 
In  other  words,  such  a 
book,  if  properly  kept,  is  a  complete 
history  of  purchases  made,  and  as  such 
is  an  indispensable  aid  to  the 
intelli­
gent  purchasing of  goods. 

|

36

D R U G   T R A D E .

Som e  Feature)*  G ained  and  Som e  A d v a n ­

tage*  Lost.

It  is  probable  that  there  is  no  man  in 
the  mercantile line  about  whom  so  much 
is  said  and  who  is  more  in  the  public 
eye  than  the  druggist.  His  preparation, 
through  an  apprenticeship  and 
the 
proper  line of  education,  which  in  most 
cases  is  tedious  and  unremunerative, 
fits  him  for the practice of pharmacy and 
at  that  {joint  his  business  above  all 
others  should  be  regarded  as  a  profes­
sion.  He 
is  trusted  implicitly  by  his 
patrons  and  stands  next to  the  physician 
in  his  skill  and  the  possession  of  the 
secrets  of  private  and  home  life.  He 
practices  pharmacy  under the  strict  sur­
veillance of  state laws, the public  expects 
him  to  be  competent,  genteel,  neat  in 
his  personal  appearance,  to  be  on  duty 
sixteen  hours  each  day  of the week,  and, 
all  these  things  considered,  his  remu­
neration 
is  not  in  proportion  to the  re­
quirements.

The  work  of  the  pharmacist,  as  of  the 
physician,  is  accompanied  with  a  cer­
tain  element  of  danger  and  he  must  be 
so  educated  that  this  can  be  almost  en­
tirely  eliminated  and  this  is  one  great 
reason  why  his  work  should  command 
good  wages  and  why  the  drug  business 
should  not  be  treated  with  ruthless 
hands  by  other branches  of  trade.

The  drug  business 

is  subjected  to a 
large  amount  of  criticism,  and  on  ac­
count  of  its  peculiar  character  is  called 
upon  to  pay  a  tax  to  the  State. 
If  the 
Government  is  in  need  of a war revenue, 
those  in  charge  of  legislative  enactment 
at  once  turn  their attention  to the  drug­
gist  and  oblige  him  to stamp  his  pat­
ents, 
articles  and  specialties, 
while  his  neighbor,  the  grocer,  the  dry 
goods  merchant  or  the  clothier,  goes 
free  except  for the  stamp  he  puts  upon 
bank  checks.

toilet 

The  department  store  and 

the  dry 
goods  merchant  have  played  no  small 
part  in  reducing  the  volume of  the  drug 
business  and  robbing  it  of  its legitimate 
portion  along  certain  lines.  At  the  time 
when  the  cutting  of  prices  was  at  its 
worst  came -  our  late  panic,  yet  through 
all  this  the  retail  drug  trade  of  Michi­
gan  has  come  “ tried  as  by  fire,’ ’  and 
had  it  not  been  for the  good  reputation 
of  men  in  this  line,  their willingness  to 
do  hard  work  and  to  be  rigidly  econom­
ical,  the  result  would  have  been  very 
different.  The old adage that  ‘ ‘he who by 
the  plow  would  thrive  must  himself 
either  hold  or drive’ ’  has been truly ver­
ified  by  the  retail  druggist.

On  account  of  the  infringement by the 
department  stores  and  others,  the  vol­
ume  of  sales  of  the  city  druggist  espe­
cially  has  been  thereby  reduced  to the 
minimum,  and 
it  has  occurred  to  our 
correspondent  and  many  others  who 
think  seriously  along  these  lines  that  as 
the  state 
law  requires  an  educational 
preparation,  the  Government  assesses  a 
yearly  tax  and  when  necessary  a  war 
revenue  tax,  that 
in  proportion  to the 
requirements  should  there  be protection, 
why  should  not  the  pirates  upon  this 
line  be  obliged  to give  back  that  which 
belongs 
legitimately  to  the  druggist, 
and  for the  handling  and  sale  of  which 
he  has  been  fitted  by  education and pays 
whatever tax  is  required?’ ’  And  again, 
considering  all  these  things,  why  should 
not  the  number of druggists  be  limited 
by  law,  that  is,  one  druggist  to  every  so 
many  hundred  or thousand  people?  This 
would  all  bring  back  to  the  druggist 
what  belongs  to  him,  increase  the  vol­
ume,  regulate  the  price  and advance  the 
business  to a  profession.

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

In  looking  backward  fifteen  or  twenty 
years,  many  of  us  remember distinctly 
the  labor with  the  iron  mortar and  drug 
mill,  also  the  goodly  housewife  who 
bought  numerous  packages  of  dyestuffs. 
These  are  now  things  of  the past.  There 
haAe  also  come  to  the  druggist  the  nu­
merous  formulas  and  preparations  of 
the  manufacturing  pharmacist  simplify­
ing  his  work,  but  at  the  same  time 
c'reating  a  doubt  as to whether  this  has 
not  robbed  him  of a  certain  amount  of 
profit.  All  this  has  in  the  period  men­
tioned  made  a  radical  change  in  the 
stocks  of  the  retailer  and  wholesaler 
and,  of  course,  brought a certain  amount 
of  loss.  Truly  the  druggist  must  be  a 
versatile  creature  and  be  prepared  for

who  have  not  done  so before  are  dis­
counting  their  bills. 
If  our  present 
good  condition  should  remain  with  us 
for  a  time  and  one  or two of  the  evils 
referred  to be  corrected,  it would  be  but 
a  just  and  equitable  remuneration.  Our 
State  has  a  large  number  of  drug  men 
that  we  can  remember  for  fifteen  or 
twenty  years  who,  whether  in  the  assem­
bly  hall  or  in  the  marts  of  trade,  do 
honor  to  the  business  and  not  only  de­
serve  but  have  acquired  a  competency 
somewhat  adequate  to the irresponsibili­
ties and  undertakings.

The  druggist  is  truly  deserving of bet­
ter things  and  may  the present improved 
conditions  be  but  a  foretaste,  a  dawn­

every  freak  in  human  nature  and  adjust 
himself  speedily  to  every  change  in  his 
line  as  it  occurs.

Since  Jan.  i,  1898,  there  has  been  a 
decided  movement  for the  better  in  all 
lines  of  trade,  and  the  druggist  has  en­
joyed  his  share  and  has  really  had  a 
breathing  spell.  The  volume  of  sales 
has  increased,  buying  has  been  stimu­
lated  on  account  of  slight  advances  in 
values,  the  laboring  man  has  been  gen­
erally  employed,  there  is  less  dickering 
as to  retail  prices  in  many localities and 
hence  better  results  to  all  have  been 
achieved.

It  is  noticeable  that,  in  the  period 
mentioned,  many  obligations  have  been 
satisfied,  old  balances  carried  through 
the  panic  have  been  reduced  and  many

ing  of  a  brighter day  to  come ! 
It  mat­
ters  not  whether we  are  wholesalers  or 
retailers,  we  realize  that  our watchwords 
must  always  be  capability,  economy  and 
strict  attention  to business.

Lee  M.  Hutch ins.

O verconfident.

“ Yes,  I  want  a  man—a  competent 
man,”   said  the  head  of  the  firm.  “ Can 
you  carry  a  message  to  Garcia?” 
job. 

“ Sure!”   replied  the  applicant  fora 

“ Who’s  Garcia?”

K n o w * M ore Now.

before  we  were  married.

Wife— You  used  to  call  me  an  angel 
Husband—I  believed  it  myself  then
Some  men  are  bom  great,  and  some 

have  to be  elected.

W h y  B ea u ties  A re   N ot W anted  in D ep a rt­

From the New York Sun.

m en t  Stores.

I’m  very  much  afraid  I  can  not  find 
a  place  behind  our  counters  for  you, 
said  the  appointment  clerk  of  the  big 
department  store  with  a  negative  shake 
of  his  head  which 
implied  all  manner 
of  sorrowful  things.  The  applicant,  a 
young  girl  of  remarkable  beauty,  turned 
away  with  a  sigh  and  a  shower of  tears 
seemed  imminent.

Oh,  dear!  she  faltered. 

I  understood 
you  needed  at  least  ten  saleswomen, 
and  I  certainly  could  furnish  you  the 
best  of  references  as  to  my  ability  to 
is  the  seventh  place  I  have 
sell.  This 
applied  for this  morning. 
I’ve  no  luck 
at  all.

Why,  I  thought  you  said  you  were 
hard  pressed  for competent  saleswomen ! 
remonstrated  the  reporter as  the  beauti­
ful  young  woman  vanished.

Well,  so  I  did,  retorted  the  clerk.
Then  why  did  you  not  give  that  one  a 

chanece?  Surely  her beauty—

it 

store 

loveliness 

Her  beauty? 

interrputed  the  clerk. 
That’s  the  sole  reason  why  I  refused 
her,  and 
is  also,  perhaps,  the  sole 
reason  why she  did  not  obtain  any of the 
six  other  places  she  sought.  This  is  the 
era  of  the  plain  girl 
in  business,  and 
the  girl  whose  beauty  is  so  insistent that 
none  may  deny  it  has  to step*  aside  foi* 
her sisters  who  are  less  bountifully  en­
dowed  with  charms  of  face  and  figure. 
You  will  find  that  is  the  case  in  every 
important  department 
in  New 
York,  not  to  mention  scores  of  retail  es­
tablishments  of  less  magnitude.  Not 
that  there  is  any  aversion  to a  modicum 
of  beauty 
in  the  saleswoman;  rather, 
that 
is  often  to  be  desired;  but  pro­
nounced 
is  entirely  too at­
tractive  both  to  its  possessor and  con- 
templator  to  facilitate  the  interests  of 
employers.  Go  into  any 
large  retail 
store  in the  shopping  districts  and  you 
will  see  scores  of  saleswomen  who are 
downright  plain,  although  not  positively 
ugly,  and  an  equal  number of  girls  who 
might  be  set  down  as  pretty  without 
stretching  the  truth ;  but you will  seldom 
find  one  whose  charm  of  face  or grace 
of  form  is  so  near  perfection  as to  hold 
you 
spellbound.  Once  there  was  a 
great  establishment  set  up  in  the  heart 
of  the  shopping  section,  whose  sales­
women  were  all  conspicuous  for their 
beauty.  The establishment  made  a  spe­
cialty  of  feminine  loveliness  behind 
its 
counters  and  laregly  advertised  the fact. 
What  was  the  result?  Why,  the  store 
was  crowded  from  morning  to  night 
with  persons  who  came  to take  in  the 
beauty  show,  but  rarely  remained  to 
purchase  merchandise.  Dudes  and 
mashers  were  always  hanging  around, 
and,  lost  in  the  admiration  of  their own 
charms,  the  beautiful  saleswomen  had 
little-  time  to  devote  to their  real  mis­
sion. in  the  store,  which  eventually  went 
up  the  commercial  flue  with a  rush.

No,  a  really  beautiful  girl  will  not  do 
for  the  big  metropolitan  stores.  Her 
advent  behind  the  counter  is  only  an 
invitation  for  customers  to  stop  and 
stare,  for  women  to  become  envious, 
and  consequently  prejudiced  against  the 
establishment  which  retains her;  for fel­
low  clerks  to become  jealous  of  her su­
perior attractions,  and  for foppish  male 
shoppers  to  flirt  with  her.  She  may  be 
a  paragon  of  modesty,  virtue  and  inno­
cence,  but  still  the  fact  remains that  she 
is a  beauty,  has  probably  been  told  so 
often  and  is  not  liable  to  forget  it,  and 
that,  in  all 
likelihood,  she  will  render 
conspicuous  the  salient  features  of  her 
prettiness  rather than  keep  them  under 
cover to the  promotion  of her employer’s 
interests.

Another  reason  for this  opposition  to 
the  very  beautiful  saleswoman  is  that 
she  is  rarely  clever at  making  sales,  bqT 
ing  too  much  absorbed  in  her  personal 
affairs,  where  the  plain  girl,  who  must 
rely  on  her  mental  abilities  to  win ttie, 
battle  of  life,  cultivates  her  persuasive; 
faculties  and  becomes  an  expert  in  the 
manipulation  of  a  convincing  tongue. 
To be  a  good  saleswoman  one  must  be, 
free  from  self-consciousness,  and  who 
could  expect  a  strikingly 
fiandifOfne 
creature  to  forget  herself? 

..

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

37

CORL,  KNOTT  &  CO.

IMPORTERS 
AND  JOBBERS  OF

MILLINERY

»

Our  Fall  and  Winter stock  is now complete,  comprising a  full 
and  elegant  selection  of 
trimmed  and  untrimmed  hats, 
including a large  assortment of  Walking  Hats and  Golf  Hats, 
Ribbons,  Velvets,  Velveteens,  Ostrich  and  Fancy  Feathers, 
Ornaments and  Novelties.  During  the  month  of  September 
we will  have on  display  over  2000  Pattern  Hats,  including 
the  latest  importations.  Special  display  of  Patterns  during 
State  Fair week.  Our  hats  are  strictly  practical;  we  have 
no  others.  Your orders  are solicited.

CORL,  KNOTT  &  CO.,

20  AND 22  NORTH  DIVISION  ST., 
GRAND  RAPIDS,  MICH.

| The Michigan State Fair

.5E 

The  Fiftieth  Annual  Industrial  Exposition  of the products  of the  State  will  be  held  at

Grand  Rapids,  Sept. 2 5 , 2 6 , 2 7 , 2 8 ,2 9
The Industries of Michigan are more numerous and varied than any State in the Union.  They will all be represented at the State Fair.
C.  W.  YOUNG, Treas.,  Paw  Paw. 

A  special  invitation is extended to the readers  of the  Michigan  Tradesman to  assist the 
management in  making this the  “Banner  Fair.”  Exhibits  invited.  Space free.  Come
to the  Fair and  ask your friends to come with you.  Half  Fare  on  all  railroads.

I. H.  BUTTERFIELD, Secretary, Grand  Rapids.

L. J.  RINDGE, Vice-Pres., Grand Rapids. 

If you wish  a premium  list address 

<5  

S  

^  
5   M. P. ANDERSON, Pres., Midland. 
X  

EUGENE FIFIELD, Chair.  Bus. Com., Bay City. 

F. E. SKEELS, Supt.  Main  Bldg,  Harrietta.

38
Woman’s World

Blundering  Ignorance  of  a  Would-Be 

Reformer.

it 

Miss  Aurelia  always  said  that  it  was 
providential  that  she  had  no troubles  of 
her  own,  as 
left  her all  her time  to 
look  after other  people’s  affairs,  and  as 
she  was one  of  those who  never  have  the 
slightest  hesitation 
in  making  them­
selves  spokesman  for  heaven  we  ac­
cepted 
it  as  a  fiat  of  inscrutable  wis­
dom, 
just  as  we  did  her  abounding 
health  and  ample  fortune  and  general 
good  luck.

it 

It  must  be  confessed  that  in  the  old 
days  at  Hudson,  before  Miss  Aurelia’s 
energy  and  talent  outgrew  the  little  vil­
lage,  we  were  far  from  appreciating 
her at  her true  worth.  A  prophet  is  not 
without  honor save  in  his  own  country 
and  among  his  own  kinsmen  and 
is 
certain  that  a  reformer  is  never so  little 
appreciated  as  by  the  people  he  at­
tempts  to  reform.  Wherefore  there  were 
those  who  were  the  objects  of  her  well- 
meant  efforts  who called  her a  meddler 
and  expressed  a  fervent  opinicin  that she 
would  be  better  off  minding  her own 
business.  You  see,  we  were  an  old- 
fashioned  and  provincial  community, 
where  everybody  knew  everybody  else 
and  their  parents  and  grandparents  be­
fore  them,  and  while  we recognized each 
other’s  weaknesses  we  were  given  to 
making  excuses  for them  as  one  does  in 
one’s  own  family,  when  we  grudingly 
admit  that  John  isn’t  very  clever,  may­
be,  but  add  he  has  the  best  heart  in 
the  world,  or that  Susan  isa little quick­
tempered,  but  she  is  the  soul  of  gener­
osity  and  sympathy.  And  after  that, 
having  accepted  John  and  Susan  as  they 
were,  we  were  apt  to  let  them  alone, 
enjoying  their good  qualities  and  over­
looking  their faults.

indissolubly  blended. 

Miss  Aurelia  held  with  no  such  lax 
opinion.  There  was  no  shading  in  her 
view  of  life.  Everything  was  clean-cut 
— black  or white— right  or  wrong—with 
no  softening  shadows  in  which  the  two 
were 
She  was 
never  perplexed,  as  weaker mortals  are, 
by  that  misty  border-land  in  which  are 
faults  so  gentle  and  so  kindly  and  so 
tender  that  they  lean  to  virtue’s  side, 
and  virtues  so cruel  and  so  harsh  fhey 
seem  a  crime  upon  goodness.  With  her 
only  one  thing  was  right,  and  she  was 
perfectly  sure  she  was  it.

Of  course.  Miss  Aurelia  had  theories 
on  every  subject.  She  had  demonstrated 
to  her  own  satisfaction, 
in  her  own 
mind,  that  one  had  only  to  follow  such 
and  such  rules  of  conduct to be  healthy, 
It  was  all  as 
happy  and  prosperous. 
incontrovertible 
and  mathematically 
plain  as  that  two  and  two  make  four, 
and  she  had  no  patience  with  anyone 
who didn’t  work  the  problem  of  life  out 
just 
like  she  did  and  get  the  same  an­
swer.  Look  at  her house,  for  instance. 
Clockwork.  Her  washing  was  always 
done  on  Monday,  her  ironing  on  Tues­
day,  the  silver  was  rubbed  on  Wednes­
day,  the  floors  polished  on  Thursday, 
the  windows  cleaned  on  Friday,  the 
kitchen  scrubbed  on  Saturday,  and  Sun-, 
day  she  sat  down  and  folded  her  hands 
and  thanked  God  she  was  not  like  other 
women.

She  never  could  understand  why  all 
the  rest  of  us  didn’t  do  just  as  she 
did,  although  we  might  have  told  her 
that  one  lone  woman,  living  in  a  big 
house,  with  old  family  servants  and 
never a  soul  to bring  in  dirt,  or  want  a 
meal  out  of time,  was  not  so superlative 
a  test  of  good  management  as  she

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

seemed  to  think.  Then  she  undertook 
to  reform  Mary  Blake’s  house,  and  in­
troduce  order and  system  in  that  helter- 
skelter  abode.  Poor  Mary 
is  one  of 
the  kind  whose  wash  always  laps  from 
week  to  week,  and  who  is  so  chronically 
behind  with  her  sewing  that  she  is  al­
ways  making flannel petticoats in August 
and  muslin  wrappers  at  Christmas.  Of 
course,  the  experiment  was  a  failure. 
Mary  couldn’t  change,  and Miss  Aurelia 
couldn’t  understand why  living  in  a  box 
of  a  house  with  half  a  dozen  children 
cluttering  around  under  foot  was any 
excuse  for  Mary.  The 
less  room  and 
more  to do,  the  more  need  for  system, 
was  her  unanswerable  verdict  on the  sit­
uation.

That  was  the  trouble  with  Miss  Au­
relia—she  was  always  so  perfectly  in 
the  right.  There  was  never  any  arguing 
her  conclusions.  Abstractly,  they  were 
incarnate  wisdom,  and  yet  they  always 
left  you  feeling  that  folly  was  wiser. 
Your head  said  she  was  right,  and  your 
heart  cried  out  she  was  all  wrong.  She 
never  saw  a  girl  with  a  bit of cheap 
trinketry,  or  a  gay  ribbon, 
that  she 
didn’t  groan  over the  improvidence  of 
the poor.  “  It’s  a  melancholy  fact, ”  she 
would  say,  “ that  the  people  who  have 
the  greatest  need  of  economy  are  the 
most  extravagant.  Why,  I’ve  seen  a 
poor girl  take  the  last  cent  she  had and 
buy  a  piece  of  cheap  finery  to  wear  to 
a  Saturday  night  ball—finery  that  would 
go  to  pieces 
in  a  single  night—when, 
perhaps,  the  girl  was  in  actual  need  of 
good  stout  shoes. ’ ’  What  could  you  say 
to that?  Of  course,  you  couldn’t  deny 
the  logic,  and  that  it  would  have  been 
more  sensible  and  provident  to  have 
bought  the  shoes,  but  you  thought of  the 
poor girl,  with  all  a  girl’s  natural  long­
ing  for  pretty  things  and  adornment; 
all  her yearning  for admiration,  and  the 
gayety  denied  her  starved,  hard  youth. 
You  knew  she  had  gone  hungry  for  it, 
that  she  will  go  cold  for  it,  and  you 
could  think  of  nothing  but  the  pathos  of 
.it  all,  and  wonder  how  anybody  like 
Miss  Aurelia,  who  never  had  to deny 
herself  anything  she  really  wanted  in 
her  life,  has  the  cheek  to  sit  in  judg­
ment  on  her.

Another  one  of  Miss  Aurelia’s  cher­
ished  theories  was  about  the  manage­
ment  of  husbands.  She  used  to be strong 
on  woman’s  independence,  and  all  that. 
She  called  a  woman  who tried  to  enter­
tain  her husband  a  “ doll,’ ’  and  the  one 
who  tried  to  humor  her  husband  a 
“ slave."  As  far  as  I  could  ever  learn, 
her  idea  of  a  perfectly  happy  home  was 
a  sort  of  reform  school,  where  a  man 
would  not  be  allowed  to  do  anything  he 
wanted  to,  and  would  have  his  faults 
and  shortcomings  kept  always  before 
him.  As 
long  as  this  was  merely  a 
theory,  it  didn’t  matter,  but  she  got  a 
chance  to  put  it 
into  working  once, 
it  came  within  a  hair’s  breadth  of 
and 
landing 
in  the  divorce 
courts.  Her niece,  Ellen,  and  her  hus­
band  had  a  dispute  over  some  trivial 
matter,  and  Ellen  was  silly  enough to 
tell  Miss  Aurelia. 
It  was the  chance  of 
a 
lifetime,  and  Miss  Aurelia  took  her 
poor,  persecuted,  darling  child  home 
with  her  and  adjured  her  to  stand  firm 
and  not - give 
in  to the  tyrant  man.  If 
she’d  let  them  alone  Ellen  would  have 
cried  and  Tom  would  have  called  him­
self  a  brute  and  it  would  all  have  been 
over 
in  an  hour,  but  Miss  Aurelia 
fanned  the  flame,  and,  half  because  she 
was  angry  and  half  because  she  was 
ashamed,  Ellen  refused  to  go  back 
home.  Tom  was  angry  and  mortified, 
and  the  situation  was  getting  serious,

two  people 

when  Ellen woke  up to  what  life  would 
be—the  long  blank  years,  the  gnawing 
heart  hunger,  the  waiting  for something 
that  would  never  come  back  to  her  any 
more—and  she  actually  ran  away  from 
Miss  Aurelia  and  went  back and  begged 
Tom’s  pardon.

Naturally,  Miss  Aurelia  knew  all 
about  raising  children.  Everybody who 
has  none  does.  She  believes  in  perfect 
obedience  and  the  observance  of  certain 
rules  that  should  be  as  unchangeable  as 
the  laws  of  the  Medes and  the  Persians. 
It  never  has  occurred  to  her that  you 
can  no more treat  all  children  alike  than 
you  can  draw  the  same  sounds  out  of 
every  musical instrument.  Once  she  was 
staying  at  Betty  White's  when  Betty’s 
little  girl  did  something  naughty.  For 
punishment  the  child  was  sent  to bed 
with  the  nurse  alone,  although  it  was 
Betty’s  custom  to tuck  the  little  one  in 
and  hear  her  say  her  prayers  herself. 
The  child  cried  and  pleaded  for her 
mother’s  kiss  and  Betty,  who  has the 
tenderest  heart  alive,  would  have  gone 
to her but  for  Miss  Aurelia.  Miss  Au­
relia  warned  her  against  the  folly  and 
the  weakness  of  giving  in  to a  child’s 
whim,  and  Betty  let  the  baby cry herself 
to  sleep.  That  night  the  child  was 
taken  suddenly  and  violently  ill  with 
delirium,  and  died  begging  for 
the 
kisses  that  her  frantic  mother  rained 
upon  her.  Of  course,  it  was  an  acci­
dent,  but  Betty,  in  her soul,  holds  Miss 
Aurelia  responsible  for 
the  bitterest 
drops  in  her cup  of  grief.

Miss  Aurelia  never meant  any  harm. 
She  was  always  doing  things  for the 
best,  and  with  the  best  intentions  in 
the  world,  and  the  fact  that  she  should 
always  have  sowed  discord  and  trouble 
just  goes  to  show  how dangerous  it  is  to 
meddle  with other people’s  affairs.  Not 
long  after  Betty’s  baby  died  she  went 
to  the  city,  where,  as  she  said,there  was 
more  scope  for  her  work.  Her confi­
dence  wasn’t  a  bit  shaken  in herself, 
and  she  went  blithely  about,  poking  her 
nose  into  poor people’s  homes,  and ask­
ing  them  how  often  they  bathed  and 
if 
their  husbands  were  kind  to them,  and 
all  the  other  impertinent  things  people 
ask  in  the  name  of  reform  of  the  poor, 
and  that they  would  be  so  blazing  mad 
if  anybody  asked  them.

She  might  still  be  doing  it  but  for a 
little  thing  that  happened  one  day.  A 
young  girl  down  in  the  slums  died.  She 
had  not  been  a  good  woman  and  the 
poor face  was  marked  by  the  lines  that 
sin  and  want  had  graven  upon  it,  but 
over  the  dead  body there  hung  another 
young  creature 
in  tattered  finery,  with 
such  an  abandon  of  passion  and  hope­
less  grief  it  was  pitiful  to see.  Miss 
Aurelia,  with  the  instinct  of  the  reform­
er  strong  within  her,  said  something 
about  hoping 
it  would  be  a  warning  to 
her.  The  girl  threw  back  her  mane 
of  black  hair  and  turned  savagely  to 
her.  “ Good,"  she  cried;  “ what  do you 
know about  goodness  that  you  dare  to 
come  down  here  and  talk  to such as  we 
about  it.  You  are  good—you  never stole 
or  lied  or did  anything  wrong  and  you 
were  never  hungry  or cold  or  homeless 
in  your  life.  Oh,  yes,  everything  was 
soft  and  warm  and  safe  about  you  and 
you  were  good—you  had  no  chance to be 
anything  else,”   laughing bitterly;  “ but 
she  wam’t.  She  was bad  as they make 
’em  and  she  killed  herself  at  last  with 
whisky  and  opium. 
I  know  it.  She 
warn’t  good ;  she  starved  herself  many 
and  many  a  time  to divide  a  crust  with 
another starving  wretch.  She  gave  me 
part  of  her  ragged  shawl  when we  both 
were  freezing,  and  she  loved  so she  for­

gave  the  hand  that  struck  her,  and  lied 
about  it.  What  have  you  done better 
than  that?”   and  then  the  poor  wretch 
fell  to  crooning  over the  dead  girl  and 
talking  to her like  a  mother over  a  sick 
child.

Miss  Aurelia  said  she  went  our from 
that  room  with  a  new  light  before  her. 
For the  first  time  in  all  her  prosperous, 
well-fed  existence  she  had  her  good 
opinion  of  herself  shaken,  and measured 
herself  against  her temptations. 
“ What 
am  I,”   she  asked  herself, 
‘ “ that  I 
should  dare  to  judge?"  and  that  night 
it  was  an  humble  and  a  contrite  woman 
who  asked  pardon  of  heaven  for all  the 
harm  she  might  have  done  in  her  blun­
dering 
ignorance.  Miss  Aurelia  isn’t 
so  sure  of her own  judgment  now.  She 
knows  there  are  depths of  life  she  has 
not  sounded,  and  heights of  experience 
she  has  not  touched,  so  she  goes  softly, 
as one  who  fears,  and  she  is  very  wise 
now  that  she  has  added  the  wisdom  of 
the  heart  to that  of  the  head.

Dorothy  Dix.

How  the  Long  Distance  Phone  Broke  an 

From the New Orleans Times-Democrat.

Engagement.

“ No,  I’m  not  engaged  any  more,”  
said  a  newly  arrived  drummer  to  some 
friends  at  the  Grünewald  last night.  “ It 
was  broken  off  by  the 
long  distance 
'phone,  confound  the  thing!  How  did 
it  happen,  did  y ’  ask?

“ Why,  it  was  like this:  I  was  in At­
lanta  a  few  weeks  ago  and  called  up  my 
fiancee  in  Macon to let her know when  to 
expect  me.  The  service  costs  50  cents 
for  three  minutes,  and  I  calculated  I 
could  deliver  my  message 
in  about 
fourteen  seconds,  but  after  I  gave  the 
dear girl  the  date  she  insisted  on  hold­
ing  me  while  she  talked  about  a  lawn 
fete  that  some  of  the  young  people  were 
getting  up  for the  next  day.

' * I  wriggled  and  writhed,  and  after 
she  had  imparted  $2.50 worth  of  details 
I  broke 
in  and  told  her that  somebody 
else  wanted  to  use  the  ’phone.  ‘ Oh,  no, 
they  don’t,’  she  replied;  ‘the  operator 
here  says  you  may  have  it  as  long  as 
you  wish, ’  and  on flowed  the  legend  of 
the  lawn  fete.

“ She  told  me  how the  girls  were  go­
ing to  be  dressed,  what they  had cooked 
for  lunch  and  how  Annie  Jones  had  re­
fused  to go with  Billy  Smith  because  it 
was  rumored that  Billy  played  cards  on 
Sunday. 
I  had  been  stuck 
for about $7,  and time  was flying  at  the 
rate  of  16%  cents  a  minute.

I  groaned. 

‘ What’s 

the  matter?’  she  asked, 
‘ you  don’t  seem  to  under­
anxiously, 
'Yes,  I  am,’  I  said,  with  per­
stand. ’ 
‘ I’m  weighing  every  sylla­
fect truth. 
ble. ’  * Then  repeat  what  I  have  been
saying,’  she  ordered;  ‘ go  all  over,  and 
don’t  miss  a  word.’  That  was  too 
much. 
I  yelled,  ‘ Ring  off!’  and  hung 
the  receiver  on  the  hook.

“ Next  day  I  got  a  package 

from 
Macon,  returning  the  engagement  sol­
itaire.  There  was  a  sarcastic  little  note, 
in  which  she  thought  my  suggestion 
about the  ring  was  excellent,  and  had 
acted  upon  it  at  once.  Plague  take 
long-distance  'phones! 
I  never  want to 
see  one  aga’n  in my  life.”

A   Few  Mistakes.

It  is  a  mistake  to  labor when  you  are 
not  in a  fit  condition to do  so.  To think 
that  the  more  a  person  eats  the healthier 
and  stronger he  will  become.  To go  to 
bed  at  midnight  and  rise  at  daybreak 
and  imagine  that every hour taken  from 
sleep  is  an  hour gained.  To  imagine 
that  as a  little  work  or exercise  is good, 
violent  or  prolonged exercise  is better. 
To  conclude  that  the  smallest  room  in 
the  house  is  large  enough  to  sleep 
in. 
To eat  as  if you  had only a minute to fin­
ish the  meal  in,  or to eat  without an ap­
petite,  or continue  after  it has been  sat­
isfied,  merely  to  gratify the  taste.  To 
believe  that  the  more  hours  children 
study  the  more  they  learn.

Political  parties  have  one  thing 

in 
common;  they  are  all  anxious to save 
the  country—from  some other party.

M i c h i g a n   t r a d e s m a n

39

THE  ALPINE  FIREPLACE

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40

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

WAGON  TRADE.

Change»  Noted  by  an  Old  Timer  In  the 

Bu»Ine»s.

The  term  “ wagons”   applies  to almost 
everything  on  four  wheels,  and  probably 
in no line of manufacture have there been 
more  changes  in  the  past  sixteen  years 
than  in  wagons,  buggies  and  carriages, 
both 
in  design,  quality  and  mode  of 
manufacture.

It  is  not  many  years  ago  that  carriage 
and  wagon  makers  were  skilled  me­
chanics,  knowing  well  their  trade  in  all 
its  departments-  the  wixxlworking,  the 
smithing,  the  painting  and  the  trim­
ming.  Now  it  is  not  so.  The  machine 
has  largely  taken  the  place  of  the  bench 
hand  and  the  mechanics  learn  only  to 
make  one  piece  of  work  of  the  many  re­
quired  to  complete  a  job,  and  a  good 
allaround  smith  can  now  only  be  found 
among  the  old  or  middle-aged  men.

and  nearly  every  factory  in  the  country 
uses  the  best  material obtainable.  Steel 
has  very  largely  taken  the  place  of  iron 
and,  while  wood  stock 
is  double  the 
price 
it  was  fifteen  years  ago,  wagons 
are  but  a  trifle  more  than  half  the  price 
then  obtained.  This  is  wholly  due  to 
machinery,  but'  without  machinery 
wagons  can  not  be  made  and  sold  at  the 
present  prices,  and  the handmade wagon 
is a  thing of  the  past.

laundry,  groceries  and 

The  greatest  change  has  come  in busi­
ness  wagons.  Wagons are  now  especial­
ly  made  for wholesale  and  retail  furni­
ture, 
fruits. 
There  are  express,  hose,  patrol  and  am­
bulance  wagons.  There  are  wagons  for 
dead animals and for those  that  are  crip­
pled.  There  are  display  wagons  in  at­
tractive  form  for the  shoe  merchant,  the 
druggist,  the  florist  and  all  other  indus­
tries,  until  the  streets  of  our  large  cities

BUTTER  TRADE.

Wonderful  Development  of  the  Factory 

Creamery  Business.

When  we  first  started in business forty- 
eight  years  ago,  the  butter  question, 
compared  with  j8yg,  was  an  industry  of 
very  small  importance.  All  of  our  but­
ter at  that  time  was  dairy  butter,  made 
mostly  in  Pennsylvania  and  New  York 
State,  when  Orange  county  butter was 
considered  the  best  g<xxls  made.  Year 
by  year  the  trade  has  expanded,  and 
dairy  butter to-day  is  simply  a  thing  of 
the  past.  About  twenty  years  ago  the 
system  of  gathered  cream  butter came 
into  existence,  which  at  that  time  was 
considered  a  great  improvement.  Fac­
tories  were  established  where  they  ran 
wagons  around  to the  different  farmers 
and  gathered  the  milk,  which  was  taken 
to  the  factory  and  churned,  which  made 
a  more  uniform  article  than  the  old  sys­
tem  of  dairy  butter.  This  was  continued 
for  many  years,  and  well  do  we  remem­
ber  the  first  factories  started 
in  Michi­

ported  the  past  few  years  to  London, 
and  this  year the  export  trade  will  run 
four  or  five  times  larger than  ever  be­
fore.  Exporters  to-day  are  buying fancy 
creamery  where 
in  former  years  they 
bought 
imitation  creamery,  ladles  and 
gathered  cream  gcxxls.  As  we  have  said 
before,  the  trade  want  something  better 
and  each  year  there 
is  a  marked  im­
provement 
in  the  quality  of  the  butter 
manufactured.  Michigan  to-day  ranks 
among  the  first 
in  the  manufacture  of 
extra  creamery  butter,  and  the  Phila­
delphia  market  to-day  is  receiving  at 
least  half  of  the  product  of  that  State. 
The  improvement  in  the  dairy  industry 
of  Michigan  during  the 
twenty 
years  has  been  a  wonder  to  everyone, 
she having increased her creameries from 
four or five  until  to-day  she  has  between 
two and  three  hundred,  with  many  new 
creameries being built every year.  Every 
in  quality  has  been  met 
improvement 
with  a  corresponding 
in 
price  and  to-day  the  finest  creameries 
from'Michigan  are  selling  at  21  cents, 
with  prospects 
for  continued  higher 
prices  between  now  and  January  1.

improvement 

last 

The  secret  of  this  vast  improvement 
in  the  dairy 
industry  of  the  United 
States  is  the  push,  energy  and  progres­
siveness  displayed  by  the American peo­
ple,  which  is  not  only  noticeable  in  this 
particular  line,  but in almost  every  other 
branch  of  commercial  industry.

From the New York Commercial Advertiser.

The  Commercial  Traveler  Abroad. 

C.  M.  Drake.

The  astute  enterprise  of  the American 
drummer  is  about  to assume  a  new  and 
most  interesting  relation  to  the  foreign 
commerce  of  the  country.  The  commer­
cial  traveler,  whom  neither manufactur­
er  nor export  merchant  has been anxious 
or  able  to  waken  to a  sense  of  his  im­
portance 
in  over-sea  trade,  has  had  a 
new  responsibility  thrust  upon  him  to 
enlarge  the  latter.

Domestic  sales,  although  they  have 
been  his  training  in  the  world’s  largest 
home  market,  are  but  the  foundation  of 
a  mission  abroad  whose  importance may 
well  impress  and  inspire  him.
is  to  be  the  chief  advance  agent 
of  a  new  movement  by  which  the  manu­
factured  exports  of  this  country  are  des­
tined  to an  immense  and  practically un­
limited  growth.

He 

Commercially  he  has  been  a  home­
keeping  youth,  although  not of  homely 
wits ;  but  from  this  time  on  he  must  be­
come  a  student  of  cosmopolitan  com­
merce 
in  the  effort  to  secure  for his 
country  a  proportionate  share  of  it.
To do this  he  must  become  linguist, 
observer  of  foreign  manners  and  com­
mercial  habits,  and, 
if  you  please,  a 
diplomat  duly  accredited  to  the  psychic 
peculiarities  of 
race,  a  knowledge 
whereof  is  potent  in  selling  goods.
Of  small  concern  need  it  be  to him 
that  centralized  management  in business 
of  all  kinds  has  reduced  his  importance 
and  profit  at  home.
He  might  as  well  give  up  his  fight 
against  this,  for  industry  won’t  be  sub­
ject  any  more  to  the  selling  competition 
which,  for example,has  brought  a  lot  of 
commercial  travelers  together  in  a  gen­
eral  scramble  for one  order,  and lost just 
so  much  to  the  capitalists  who  failed  to 
secure  it.

The  surplus  of  unemployed  drummers 
will  either  have  to  fall  back  on  other 
occupations or give  a  new  significance to 
their own.  What the manufacturer  until 
recent  years  as  a  rule  refused  to do,  he 
now  must  do  or be  seriously  crippled ; 
and  his  success  in  ingenious  anticipa­
tion  of  foreign  taste  in  goods  must  de­
pend  upon  the  tact,  resource  and  know­
ledge  of  his  commercial  traveler.  The 
latter  is  really  set  to  solve  this  problem, 
and 
in  doing  so  he  can  find  far  more 
remunerative  employment  than  before, 
and  a  broader mental  growth.

The  girl  who  poses  for artists  always 

leads  a  model  life.

gan  -one  at  Hudson,  one  at  Manches­
ter,  one  at  Alma,  one  at  Ionia  and  one 
at  Nashville,  which  at  that  time  were 
the  five  leading  creameries  in  the  State. 
About  the  same  time,  gathered  cream 
factories  were  also established  in North­
ern  and  Western  Ohio,  which  was then 
called  the  Western  Reserve,  but  year by 
year  the  trade  has  been  constantly  ex­
panding,  and  to-day  North  and  South 
Dakota,  Nebraska,  Iowa,.  Minnesota, 
Wisconsin  and  Kansas  are  among  the 
leading  dairy  states  of  the  country.  The 
dairy 
industry  of the  United  States  tcf- 
day  is  one  of  the  greatest  we  have.  A 
few  years  ago  many  of  the  farmers  had 
mortgages  on  their  farms  and  where 
creameries  have  started  in  their  vicin­
ity,  to-day  these  mortgages  are  paid, 
and  where  once  you  saw  old  buildings, 
to-day  you  see  fine  residences  and  large 
outbuildings.  The  country  around 
is 
prosperous  where  a  creamery  flourishes.
After  running  for  a  number of  years 
on  the  gathered  cream  plan,  the  trade 
demanded  a  butter which  was  more  uni­
form  and  with  better  flavor,  hence  the 
separators  have  taken  the  place  of  the 
gathered  cream  plants,  and  to-day in  the 
United  States  there  are  very  few  of  the 
old  gathered  cream  factories  in  exist­
ence.  Separator  butter  is  made  from 
sweet  milk  and  is  a  much  more uniform 
article  than  the  old  system  of  gathered 
cream  goods,  and  still  the  trade  is  look­
ing  for  something  better,  and  it  would 
not  surprise  us  in  a  few  years  to  see  the 
extractor take  the  place  of the separator.
American  butter has  been  largely  ex­

It  is  less  than  twenty  years  ago  that 
the  first  cheap  factory’  buggies  were  put 
upon  the  market—Cincinnati  buggies— 
and  they  became  a  byword.  The cheap­
er they  were,  the  better they  sold.  Com­
mon  forest timber  took  the  place  of  sec­
ond-growth,  dyed  cotton  and  glazed 
paper  the  place  of  leather and  broad­
cloth.  Lampblack,  cheap  oils  and rosin 
varnish,  applied  with  a  rag  in the hands 
of  a  cheap  boy,  seemed  to  catch  the 
buyers  of  both  town  and  country.  At 
the  same  time,  cheap  business  wagons 
were  put  upon  the  market  and  the  mak­
ers  of  good  work  found  themselves  un­
able  to dispose  of their  products  at  any 
profit.  But  cheap,  low-priced  work  soon 
had  its  day.  Both  makers  and  buyers 
were  sufferers  and,  in  many  cases,  made 
bankrupt;  but  the  tide  now  seems  to 
have  turned  to  a better class  of  goods.

The  changes 

in  farm  and  teaming 
wagons have  been  great,  not  in  designs, 
in  quality  and  mode  of  manufac­
but 
ture.  All  of  the  work 
is  done by  ma­
chinery,  the  cost of  which  is  very great,

present  a  never-ending  parade  of  gold 
and  bright  colors.

Rubber  tires  and  ball  bearing  axles 
are  the  two great  improvements  in  the 
past  few  years,  and  these  are  followed 
by  the  Automobile,  which 
is  destined 
to  completely  change  the  heavy  wagon 
and  carriage  business 
in  the  near fu­
ture—not  that  it  will  wholly  displace the 
horse,  but  millions  of  dollars  is  already 
invested 
in  its  manufacture,  and  a  new 
class  of  iron  workers  is  created.

Ninety  per  cent,  of  all  the  heavy 
wagons  used  are  made  in  Ohio,  Indi­
ana,  Wisconsin  and  Michigan,  while 
Michigan  now  produces  more  medium- 
priced  buggies  and  carriages  than  any 
other state  in  the  Union.

The  rapid  destruction of  the hardwood 
forests  of  the  country  will  soon  compel 
the  use  of 
iron  and  steel  in  the  entire 
construction  of  all  heavy  wagons.  This 
will  call  for an  entire  line  of  new  ma­
chinery,  giving  inventors  and  manufac­
turers  a  chance  to  use  both  brains  and 
money. 

Chas.  E.  Belknap.

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

41

RETAIL  GROCERY  TRADE.

Some  Innovation»  Which  Sixteen  Year» 

Have  Drought.

Your  favor at  hand,  asking  me  to  say 
something  about  the  changes  in  the  gro­
cery  business  during  the  past  sixteen 
years.

First  of  all,  I  wish  to  say  that  1  do 
not  know  much  about  writing  an  article 
for  public  reading.  One  thing  1  do 
know,  however,  and  that  is  that 
in  all 
these  years  of  the  grocery  business, 
which  are  about 
twenty-five,  1  have  al­
ways  liked  the  occupation,  commencing 
back  more  than  seventeen  years  ago. 
When but  a  boy of 17 1 began working for 
Rasch  Bros.,  on  Canal street,  as  a  deliv­
ery boy,  and  it  was  my work also to open 
the  store  and  attend  to the  early  buying 
of  the  fruits  and  vegetables,  which  at 
that  time  was  a  very  easy  task.  As  time 
progressed  I  also  did  the  marketing  of

produce  and  fruits,  for  the  people  de­
manded  many  varieties  and,  in  order to 
be  in  line,  1  had  to get  up  very  early. 
Now  we  have  a  fine  market,  and  a  won­
derful  change  it  is.

The one  thing  1  have  noticed  particu­
larly  in  my  business  career has  been  the 
progress  made 
in  this  branch  of  busi­
ness.  Competition  has  made  us  work 
hard, with  longer hours.  But as time went 
on,  improvements  were  made,  and  the 
one  which  has  put  about  as  much  hard 
work  on  the  grocer  as  any  was  the  tak­
ing  of  orders.  Then  came  the telephone, 
which  was  a  wonderful  help,  and  more 
so  to-day  than  then,  as  prices  for phones 
are  much  cheaper and  many  more  peo­
ple  can  afford  them  in  their  homes.

In  the  fall  of  1879,  A.  Rasch  and  my­
self  started  a  little  grocery  store  on West 
Bridge  street,  and  from  that  time  on  I 
have  noticed  the  most  changes  in  the 
grocery  business.  A  sharp  competition 
has  made  the  grocer  hustle.  We  can  all 
remember the  cutters  who  were 
located 
on  Canal  and  Monroe  streets.  They  did 
much  business  in  those  days,  and  how  I 
wanted  to  follow  them ;  but  we  have  all 
seen  the  folly  of  their  methods.  The 
man who tries to  conduct  business  in  the 
manner  they  did  will  surely  be  buried 
in  the  same  financial  grave.

About  three  years  after  I  began  busi­
ness,  another new  enterprise  started 
in 
the  form  of  a  trade  paper,  called  the 
1  did  not  note 
Michigan  Tradesman. 
its  influence  much  at  first,  but  as  time 
progressed  so  also  did  the  paper  until 
to-day 
is  a  most  welcome  friend  to 
the  merchants  of  the  State.  Especially 
to the  grocers  of  this  city  has  this  jour­
nal  been  of  great  assistance.  Through 
its  efforts  the  first  retail  Grocers'  Asso­
ciation  was  formed  and  from  that  time

it 

on,  instead  of  working  until  9 o'clock 
every  evening,  the  hours  of  the  grocer 
were  reduced  to  7  o’clock  and  finally  to 
6130.

1  can  assure  my  brother  grocers  that  1 
believe  in  organization. 
It  brings  us 
closer together,  takes  away  that  jealous 
feeling  between  yourself  and your neigh­
bor  and  makes 
it  more  pleasant  to  do 
business.

We  remember,  to our  sorrow,  the  hard 
times  through  which  we  have  recently 
passed  and  we  sincerely  hope  they  are 
gone  never to  return.

A  hard  trial  came  upon  us 

in  the 
shape  of  the  department  store,  which,  at 
first,  we  thought  was  worse  than  the 
hard  times,  although  1  fail  to  see where­
in 
it  has  hurt  the  business  as  much  as 
the  man  who  has  $500 and  starts  a  store 
and  thinks  he  can  run  the  town;  last, 
but  not 
least,  is  the  greatest  danger  of 
all,  and  although  they  are  in  their  in­
fancy,  we  do  not  know  what  the  trusts 
will  do  in  the  future.  We  all  know  that 
at  the  present  time  they  dictate  to  us 
what  we  shall  pay  for goods  and  also, 
what  we  shall  sell  them  for.  I  hope  they 
will  result 
in  good,  but,  at  present,  it 
seems to  me  that  they  are  trying  to  get 
the  best  part  of  the  deal  every  time.

J.  Geo.  Lehman.

Cliaraeter  in  Business.

Idleness  is  one  of  the greatest  enemies 
of  character.  As  some  one  has  said: 
“ The  devil  tenq ts  other  men,  but 
idle 
men  tempt  the  devil.’ ’  Do  not  envy  the 
idle  man,  whomever you may envv.  You 
may  have  too  much  to do,  and  too  many 
things  to think  about;  still,  do  not  envy 
the  man  who  has  not  enough  to  think 
about  and  has  to  fall  back  upon  him­
self.  The  passions  of  human  nature 
break  loose  in  idle men and wander over 
forbidden  places  seeking  what  they  can 
devour.

You  have  all  heard  it  said  that  in  our 
day  it  is  impossible  to  do  business  hon­
estly.  Depend  upon 
it  that  is  just  the 
cant  of  scoundrels.  Would  you  not  de­
spise  a  minister  if  he  suppressed  the 
truth 
in  the  pulpit  to  please  his  hear­
ers?  Would  you  not  despise  a  soldier 
who  turned  his  back  when  he  came  near 
danger?  You  know  perfectly  well  the 
verdict  that  you  have  to  pronounce  on 
yourself,  if,  for  any  worldly  considera­
tion,  you  go  on  outraging  your own  con­
science.  No, 
is  honesty  that  suc­
it 
ceeds.  Perhaps 
it  does  not  succeed 
immediately,  and  therefore  those  who 
are  for  immediate  results  sometimes  are 
impatient;  but  a  high-minded  man  will 
place  his  faith  in  a  genuine  article  and 
a  fair  price,  and  in  the  end  he  will  not 
be  disappointed. 

James  Stalker.

The  Clerk  Was  Too  Fresh.

“ Have  you  got  any  watermelons  on 
ice?”   enquired  the  man  with  the  basket 
on  his  arm.

“ No,  sir,’ ’  replied  the  young  man 

with  the  eye-glasses.

The  customer  was about  to  go,  when 
the  young  man  stopped  him.
“ We  haven’t  any  melons  on  ice,’ ’  he 
said,  “ but  we  have  some  under  ice. 
It 
keeps  them  cooler that  way.  Heat  rises 
and  cold  descends,  you  know.  Will  one 
be  enough?”

“ I  reckon  it  w ill,”   rejoined  the  man 
“ But I’m  going  some­
with  the basket. 
where  else  to  get  it. 
1  don’t  believe  I 
can  afford  to  trade  at  a  grocer}’  where 
they  keep  scientists  for clerks.”

Mrs.  Gladstone,  widow  of  the  Grand 
Old  Man,  is  a  woman  of  wonderful 
strength  and  endurance.  Not  long  ago 
she  was  driving 
in  a  pony  carriage, 
when  the  animal  started  to  run  and 
overturned  the  vehicle.  Although  much 
shaken  up  and  shocked  at  the  time,  the 
venerable 
recovered  and 
showed  no  ill  effects  of  her accident.

soon 

lady 

Im p o rte r  a n d  
J o b b e r  o f

W I L L I A M   R E I D

PO LISH ED   PLATE 
WINDOW 
PAINT OIL.  WHITE  LEAD. 
V A R N ISH E S. 

ORNAM ENTAL

B R U SH E S

G R A N D   R A P I D S ,   M IC H \

S.  B U T L E R ,  Resident  Mgr.

w w

We  have  the  largest  and

most  complete  stock  o f  Glass  and  P ain t  Goods  in 

Western  M ichigan.

WW

E S T I M A T E S   F U R N I S H E D .

A L L   O R D E R S   F IL L E D   P R O M P T L Y .

w w

HARRISON  B R O S.  &  C O .’S   OIL  C O L O R S . 

We  recommend Reid's  Sterling Enamel M ixed 
Paints,  Varnishes  and  Colors  in  Oil,  and  are 
Distributing  Agents fo r   Michigan  o f

DRY  C O L O R S .  MIXED  PA IN TS.

E T C .

G I V E N   A W A Y   F R E E !

EDISON GEM  PHONOGRAPH

R E T A I L   V A L U E .  $ 1 0 . 

W E IG H T .  8   P O U N D S .

With 300 VICTOR DEWEY 
CIGARS, long filler, packed 
50 in box, price $10.50, we 
furnish A OEM  TALKING 
MACHINE, complete with a 
reproducer and 10-inch horn.
The records cost $5.00 per 
doz. extra, or you can obtain 
them on the following  often

With  200  Victor  Dewey  Clears,  at 
$3.50  per  hundred,  we  will  give  you 
la  RECORDS  FREE.
With  500  Victor  Dewey  Cigars,  at* 
$3.50  per  hundred,  we  will  give  yoti 
36 RECORDS  FREE.
All our records are made to order and 
surpass all other records on the market, 
being louder and more  musical.  Rec­
ords not satisfactory will be exchanged 
if returned  to us (express prepaid) with­
in 24 hours after received.
Loudest and clearest  machine  on  the 
market.  When  a  man  whose  name  is 
famous the world over, backs a  phono­
graph with his name,  it  stands  to  rea­
son  it’s a pretty good  talking  machine, 
and this machine bears the trade signa­
ture of THOM AS A.  EDISON.  There 
is  nothing  on  the  market  to  compare 
with  it.  The  Gem  equals  any  other 
talking machine that sells for  less than 
$20.  We  want  an  agency  in  every 
town, and to get this wonderful  instru­
ment on the market, we make this great 
offer.  Any live merchant can sell Gem 
Phonographs at $10 each  to his trade. 

TERMS—Cash;  or C. O.  D., with privilege of examination.

OUR GUARANTEE—We guarantee our VIC1 OR DEWEY CIOAR to be  a  Nice,  Sweet,  Pleasant 
56 Fifth Ave., Chicago, III.

Smoke;  a fine looker;  4 1-2 Inches long;  handsome  label;  and  equal  to  the  majority  of  $35.00 
cigarsoa the market. 
The Phonograph is m  marvel  In  every  way,  and  made  by  Thomas  A.  Edison,  which  is  m 
sufficient guarantee 
Here’s a chance to make all kinds of money.  Any live hustler can sell one of these machines to every 
family.  Catalogue of records furnished on application.  We refer to Union Trust Co.,  R.  G.  Dun  Co., 
Hollis & Duncan.  W e again.repeat “ we have the best records  in  the  United  States.1*  Order  a  few 
for a sample.

Kelley Talking Machine &  Cigar Co.,

. .   .  ,

_  .

42

SANITARY  PLUMBING.

In  Keeping  with  the  Progressive  Spirit 

of the  Age.

All  observing  persons  passing  along 
our  better  residence  streets  notice  an 
outcropping  pipe  in  each  lot,  just  high 
enough  to be  above  the  snow line,  and  a 
like  extension  through  the  roof  of  the 
residence.  The  first  is  an  opening  into 
the  sewerage  system  on  the  house  side 
of  a  trap;  the  other  is  an  opening  for 
the  house  end  of  the waste system.  They 
serve  two  purposes—a  circulation  of  air 
through  the  waste  system  and  an  escape 
for  the  confined  air  or  gases that  are 
forced  ahead  of water discharges.  These 
modifications  are  distinguished  features 
of  the  plumbing  preparatory  work  of 
to-day,  as  compared  with  a  very  few 
years  back.

In  the  past  the  house  closet  had  its 
inaccessible  fouling  parts;  the  bath  tub 
was  a  thing  of  necessity,  rather  than 
beauty,  and  the  kitchen  drain  became 
for  the  neighborhood
the  rendezvous 

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

sion  for  the  escape  of  pent-up  gases. 
So  important  has  this  become  that  all 
the  large  cities  have-  established  strin­
gent  regulations  and  inspection over this 
branch,  on  the  ground  of  safety  to  pub­
lic  health.  The  renting of a  house  unsafe 
in  a  sanitary  point  of  view  is  cause  for 
damages  under the  law  in  many  states. 
To  sum  up  the  changed  conditions  in 
this  branch,  dating  only  a  few  years 
back,  we  mention  the  custom  of  having 
everything  of  a  fixture  order exposed 
most  fully,  the  absence  of  woodwork 
from  all  parts  subject  to  moisture,  the 
greater  use  of  nickel-plated  pipe  work 
and,  more  than  all  else,  the  care  re­
in  having  a  safe  and  perfect 
quired 
waste  system. 
It  has  been  said  that 
both  the  doctor’s  and  the  plumber’s 
work  is  alike  in  one  respect— much  of 
it  is  buried.  However,  unfortuately 
for  the  plumber,  his  comes  to  light 
again.

To the  intending  builder no better ad­
vice  can  be  given  than  to  see that  such 
is  under  intelligent  and  reliable 
work 
supervision. 
If  it  is  found  defective  it 
can  not  be  remedied  except  at  much  in­
creased  cost.  Warren  C.  Weatherly.

j  Ball 
|   Barnhart 
I  Putman  Co.

¡WHOLESALE

Choosing  a  Career.

In  most  cases  both  of men  and  women 
the  struggles  and  disappointments  in 
industrial  pursuits  arise  from  a  lack  of 
thought 
in  choosing  a  career.  That  is 
fatal  to  any  endeavor.  A  grave  and 
daily  recurring  mistake 
in 
seeking  the  fields  that  aré  already  over 
full,  and  not 
looking  afar  for new  oc­
cupations. 
If  fewer girls  would  qualify 
themselves  for the  overcrowded  profes­
sions, 
for  other 
skilled  employments  and  newer  indus­
tries,  there  would  be  fewer  discouraged, 
anxious,  overburdened  women.

fit  themselves 

is  made 

and 

The  careful  mother who  watches  her 
child  and  takes  note  of  its  developing 
tastes  and  studies 
its  natural  inclina­
tions  can  assist  much  in  deciding  the 
question  of  occupation,  and help the  girl 
to find  the  place  which  is  to  be  hers  in 
the  world.  The 
lives  of  women  who 
have  become  famous  in  various  lines  of 
work  show  that  as  children  they  spent 
many  hours  in  counterfeiting  the  work 
in  which  they  afterward  became  pre­
eminent.  The  child’s  occupations  were 
the  woman’s  in  embryo.  Fostering  a 
and  taste,  strengthening  an  inclination, 
can  be quietly  done  by  the  mother,  and 
under  such  training  the  question  will 
almost  settle  itself.

She 

is  a  fortunate  girl  who  has  a 
mother who  can  set  her  with  her  face  in 
the  right  direction  toward  her  life-work. 
Once  her  place 
is  found  the  girl  who 
would  make  her  work  profitable  must 
pursue  it  diligently,  striving with all her 
might  to  render herself as  nearly perfect 
in  it  as  possible.  This  is  an  age  of 
competition,  and  only  the  best  will  suc­
ceed.  Unless  one  strives  incessantly  to 
get  to  the  top  she  will  remain  at  the 
bottom,  and  down  there  lies  the  threat­
ening  monster starvation.  Unless  in fill­
ing  her  position  she  can  make  her  in­
fluence  and  power  felt  broadly  and  ben­
eficently,  unless-  she  can  develop  and 
bring  the  best,  the  noblest  and  the  most 
generous  instincts  of  her nature  to her 
work,  she  has  not  chosen the  right  work 
or the  right  place  in  which  to  pursue  it.

Sallie  Joy  White.

  m  m-------
-------♦
Didn’t  Want  Heart.

Little  Girl  (crying):  “ Oh,  I’ve  lost 
the  ten  cents  that  mamma  sent me  to the 
butcher’s  with.  Boo-hoo-hoo’
heart,  little  girl.

Kindly  Stranger: 

“ Come!  Take 

Little  Girl:  “ I— I  can’t  sir,  boo-hoo! 

It  s  liver she  wants.”

P 8 S 1

agBlaSfc&aaalfi

¡-GROCERS

1868===1899

^  

Ionia and  Louis Streets, 
Grand  Rapids, Mich.

^UUUU444UUU4!4UIUilU4UUUUUUUU44S^

flies.  Some  part  of  the  house,  fit  for 
nothing  better,  was  selected 
for  the 
toilet.  Although  small,  dark  and  un­
ventilated,  it  was  used  for the  purpose. 
It  was  'so  much  better than  the  winter 
icehouse  or  summer  hothouse  yard  fix­
ture,  we  seemed  not  to  question  the 
prevalence  of  odors  or musty conditions.
The  rapid  introduction  of  earthen  and 
enameled  toilet  and  kitchen  fixtures  of 
a  most  cleanly  and  pleasing  character 
has  induced  the  house  owner to  set apart 
a  room  of  fair  proportions,  one  well- 
lighted  and  aired.  The  toilet  room  has 
become  the  dressing  room.  To  its  use 
we  look  for health  and  beauty. 
Instead 
of  hurrying  from  it,  we  linger.

These  conditions  have  been  brought 
about,  not  alone  by  the  introduction and 
use  of  a  higher grade  of  fixtures,  but  by 
intelligent  installation.  The honest  and 
well-informed  man  of  to-day engaged  in 
the  plumbing  business 
is  more  con­
cerned  in  the  proper and  safe  arrange­
ment  of  the  hidden  work  than  of  that  in 
sight.  If  it  does  not  leak  and  looks  well 
on  the  surface,  the  owner  rests  con­
tented ;  but  back  of  all  this  are  the 
questions: 
Is  the  waste  system  per­
fect?  Has  the  right  material  been  used? 
Will 
it  remain  right?  The  work  and 
material  in  sight  show  for  themselves, 
but  how  about  the  covered-up  part?

There  probably  is  no  part  of  a  build­
ing  construction  that  calls  out  more 
problems  than  the  installation  of  the 
various  plumbing  fixtures  with  the  hot 
and  cold  supplies,  systems  of  waste  and 
a  trapping  of  fixtures  that  will  not  be 
subject  to  syphonage,  including  provi-

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

43

This  Showcase only $4.00  per foot.

W ith  Beveled  Edge  Plate Oiass top $5.00 per foot.

Manufacturers  of  all  styles  of  Show  Cases  and  Store  Fixtures.  Write  us  tor 

illustrated  catalogue  and  discounts.

| Picture Cards 
I for Carnivals and 
i  Country Fairs

H ILL IK E B T  TRADE.

No  Other  Business  So  Exclusive  or  Un­

certain.

Those  of  your  readers  who  follow  mil­
linery  pursuits  will  bear out  the  state­
ment  that,  as a  business,  it  has  no  first 
cousins, 
in  other 
words,  it  is  a  trade  which  flocks  all  by 
itself,  and  there  is  not  another  mercan­
tile  industry 
in  the  world  so  distinctly 
exclusive  or  uncertain.

aunts  or  uncles; 

There  are  four seasons  each  year,  and 
they  are  brief;  hence  the  millinery mer­
chant  must  “ make  hay  while  the  sun 
shines’ ’  or  suffer  from  the  drouths  of 
procrastination.

The  prevailing  belief  with  some  that 
millinery 
is  all  profit  is  an  exhibition 
of  ignorance  which  would  soon  take 
wings  should  those  who  labor  under 
this  delusion  invest  their capital  in  this 
transitory  merchandise.  The  dry  goods 
merchant  invests  in  staples  and  novel­
ties,  knowing  that  sooner or  later  every 
dollar’s  worth  will  find  a  customer at

metamorphosis  in  the  field  of  millinery 
fashion,  is  it  any  wonder that  there  are 
so  many  prematurely  grey-haired people 
in  the  business?

The  jobber  gets  the  hot  end  of the 
poker when  he  goes  to the  manufacturer 
for his  season’s  stock.  He  is  obliged to 
assume  all  the  risk  of  styles  proving 
unpopular  and  therefore  unsalable  be­
cause  he  must  necessarily  place  his  or­
ders  for goods  on  the  estimated  season’s 
business,  ordering  from  samples  only. 
Thus  the  wily  manufacturer escapes  all 
responsibility, making up the orders after 
they  have  been  booked.  The  retail  mer­
chant,  however,  is  strictly  in  it,  buying 
from  the 
jobber  with  the  full  comple­
ment  of  quantities  and  styles  before 
him.  The  jobber consequently  finds 
it 
imperative  to  visit  the  markets  fre­
quently  in  order to keep  his  patrons 
in 
touch  with  the  ever-changing  panorama 
of  millinery  fashions.

Having  been  engaged  in  both  whole­
sale  and  retail  millinery  for the  past  ten 
years  in  Grand Rapids, we are  in  a  posi­
tion  to  compare  the  class  of  goods  used 
in  this  with  other  states.  Grand  Rap­
ids  had  not  up to  this  time  enjoyed  any 
distinction  as  a  millinery center.  At  the 
present  time,  however,  our  wholesale 
field  embraces  nearly  every  state  to  the 
Pacific  coast  and  we  will  not  be  accused 
of  egotism  when  we  claim  that  through 
our efforts  this  city  is  now recognized  as 
one  of  the  foremost  millinery  centers  in 
the  country.  The  styles  which  eminate 
from  Grand  Rapids,  like  our  furniture, 
always  meet  with  special  favor and even 
the  great  city  of  Chicago  finds  it  advan­
tageous  to  visit  this  market  frequently 
and  pick  up  the  good  things.  Michi­
gan  milliners,  as  a  rule,  buy  a  better 
class  of  goods  than  those  in  most  other 
states.  This  fact  may  be  attributed  to 
the  prosperous  condition  of  our  people 
and  the  exceptional  taste  of  our women.

Heber  A.  Knott.

To  Broaden  a  Child’s  Mind.

it 

it 

is 
some  price,  but  with  millinery 
different,  depending  wholly  upon  the 
caprices  of  Dame  Fashion.  You  don’t 
catch  a  lady  wearing  a  passe  hat 
if  she 
knows  it,  for  it  is  the  most  conspicuous 
item 
in  her  costume,  from  which  all 
other  wearables  are  measured.  A  cer­
tain  hat  may  prove  extremely  popular 
and  enjoy  an  immense  sale  for a  while 
and  this very  fact  is  its  death  sentence, 
for  no  sooner  does  it  become  common 
than 
is  relegated  by  the  fashion  fol­
lowers to  innocuous  desuetude.  With  a 
man  a  Derby 
is  a  Derby,  but  with  a 
woman  another  hat  like  her own  means 
re-construction  from  the  foundation to 
the  dome.

Thus  confronted  with  these 

freaky 
trade  obstacles  the  milliner  often  finds 
himself  or  herself  with  a  load  of goods 
condemned  in  the morning  of  their bril­
liant  career.  This  is  but  one  phase  of 
the  milliner’s  long  array  of  troubles,  for 
every  woman  in  the  world  has her  pe­
culiar  type  of  features,  demanding  a 
shape  and  trim  slightly  or  radically at 
variance  with  thpse  of  her  neighbor, 
and,  like  the  sitting  for  a  picture,  un­
it  flatters  her  she  won’t  have  i t ; 
less 
hence 
it  becomes  incumbent  upon  the 
millinery  architect to  create  this 
ideal 
bonnet  if  he  expects  to win the  favor 
and  patronage  of  the  fair sex.  His  re­
sources  of  genius  and  material  must, 
therefore,  be 
inexhaustible,  and,  re­
membering  that  perhaps  within  the next 
thirty  days  there  may  be  a  complete

the 

life. 

forgetting 

the  ways 

Expand  the  child’s  mind  by  showing 
him  from  time  to  time  scenes  from  all 
sides  of 
Take  him  to-day  to 
studios  and  let him  see  how  pictures  are 
made;  next  week  to  silk-factories,  to 
learn  the  poetry  of  labor,  and  afterward 
to  a  brick-yard  and  an  iron-foundry, 
not 
claims  of  great 
churches  and  monuments  upon  an  ele­
vating  education.  The  alternation  of 
city  and  country  is  a  delightful  stimu­
lant.  When  travel  is  possible  we  should 
give  the  child  glimpses  of  mountains 
and  sights  of  the  sea,  and  let  him  be­
come  acquainted  with  mountaineers  and 
fishermen,  even  as  he  ought  in  town  to 
know  something  of 
and 
thoughts of  the  workmen,  so that  he  may 
come  to  feel  sympathy  with  all  sorts  of 
people  and  understand  the  merit  of 
la­
bor.  Actual  experience  of  this  kind  is 
worth  infinitely more  than  the  theorizing 
in  schoolbooks. 
It  is  not  particularly 
interesting  to  a  child  to  read  that  he 
should  be  grateful  to  all  the  people  who 
supply  him  with  his  daily  comforts;  to 
the  farmer,  the  baker,  the  manufactur­
er,  the  builder.  But  when  he  sees  how 
grain  grows  and  is  converted  into  flour; 
how  furniture  is  wrought  from  blocks  of 
wood,  and  thread  is  woven 
into  cloth, 
the  whole  history  of  the  objects  about 
him  is  revealed.  The  different  parts  of 
life  become  connected  and  he  gets  a 
sense  of  the  thread  of  harmony that  runs 
through  it  all.  And  he  has  a  moment 
of  satisfaction,  coming  through  a  feel­
ing  of  kinship  with  the  world,  which  is 
more  useful  than  gratitude  upon  general 
principles.  Florence Hull Winterbum.

m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m

m

a

i

s

i

i

s

a

s

a

a

a

s

m

m

s

i

M

s

a

m

m

a

s

a

a

s

a

m

«

Nothing  takes  so  well  with  the  visitors 
at  carnivals  and  fairs  as  picture  cards, 
which are  carefully  preserved,  while  ordi­
nary  cards,  circulars  and  pamphlets  are 
largely  destroyed  and  wasted.  We  have 
a  fine  line  oi  Picture  Cards,  varying  in 
price  from  $3.00  to  $6.00  per  thousand, 
including  printing  on  back. 
Samples 

mailed  on  application.

Tradesman 
Company

Grand Rapids,  Hichigan

44

CREDITS  AND  COLLECTIONS.

Recent  Improvements  in  Handling  Both 

Lines.

With  the 

for  proper 

increasing  complexity  of 
peoples  needs,  or at  least  their  fancied 
requirements 
living  and 
doing  in  this  age,  there  comes  less sim­
plicity;  also,  in  the  manner of  meeting 
the  obligations  thus  incurred ;  likewise 
a  more  efficient  system  of  collecting  on 
those 
liabilities  is  one  of the  important 
necessities  in  modern  business.

The  financial  plank  is,  after  all,  the 
thickest  supporting  beam  in  the  stage 
of  any  sort  of  action,  political  or  com­
mercial ;  and  even  the  ethical  society 
goes  down  ultimately  with  no  sound 
money  management  under  it. 
In  that 
is  meant  a  qualification  of  money  man­
agement  and  not  money  simply,  which 
is the  only  way that  the  reference is safe, 
perhaps;  at  least,  in  a  paper  having  to 
do  with  the  economics  of  commercial 
life  and  not  of  politics.

In  the  earlier  days,  even  since  the  ad­
vent  of  the  Michigan  Tradesman,  the 
farmer  brought  in  his  produce  and  fair 
trade  was  made  with  the  storekeeper  for 
household  and  farm  supplies.  Little 
credit  was  asked  or needed,  save  in  a 
simple  way  of  “ settin’  down the balance 
on  the  book.”   The  credit  was  not 
branched  all  over  the  town,  but  concen­
trated  in  the  general  store. 
In  a  larger 
place  the  system  was  amplified  to  the 
extent  of  a  collector—a  sort  of  combina­
tion  of  constable  qualities  and  shrewd­
ness,  known  to  be  a  pretty  good  fellow 
to  dun—who  was  employed  by  a  num­
ber  of  firms.  Later,  he  or  his  type 
branched  out  to the  extent  of  the combi­
nation  traveling  man  and  adjuster of 
claims—the  fellow  who  would  drive  out 
into  the  country’  from  his  “ stop”   and 
bring  back  the  goods  or  the  money,  part 
or all.

Within the  past  sixteen  years  the  pur­
poses  of  trade  have  grown  larger;  the 
circumference  of  it,  elastic  enough  be­
fore,  has  widened  beyond the possibility 
of  measurement,  and  with  ail  that  has 
come  need  for the  most  ingenious  meth­
ods  with  which  to  meet  keen and jealous 
competition.

located 

In resorting  to such  expedients  and  in 
the  temptation,  or,  sometimes,  the  igno­
rance,  of  the  tradesman 
in  his  frantic 
grasp  for  a  large  patronage  in  his  whirl 
of  unintelligently  placed 
credits,  he 
catches  at  all  sorts  of  schemes  offered 
by  an  oily-tongued  solicitor  who  is  al­
ways  representing  some  national  or  uni­
versal  agency 
in  another  city, 
and  establishing  a  branch  office  wher­
ever a  prospective  victim  happens  to 
be  located,  which,  upon investigation,  is 
found  to  have  no  standing  or  clientage 
at  home  and  often  not  even  having  an 
office  or  appearing  in  the  city directory, 
and  existing  only  on  wind  and  unful­
filled  promises.  His  volume  of  book 
accounts 
increases,  while  his  stock  de­
creases,  and  he  ends  with  a  double  col­
umn  under  profit  and  loss— principally 
loss.  Sometimes,  before  he  reaches  the 
stage  of  posting  his  books  in  that  way, 
he  makes  out  a 
lot  of  statements  and 
in  a  lump  to  a  local  attor­
sends  them 
ney,  whose  only  recommendation  is that 
he 
is  a  customer  or  offers  to take  his 
pay  in  trade.  When  court  adjourns  and 
election  is  over,  if the  attorney  is  hon­
est,  he  writes  a  letter on  such  claims  as 
are  not  against  ward  politicians  or  pro­
spective  delegates  to  the  next  conven­
tion ;  and, if the  debtors  do  not  respond, 
he  puts  the  claims  in  his  pocket.  The 
next  time  he  has business in their neigh­
borhood  he 
interviews  a  few  of  them, 
listens  to their tale  of  woe,  often  learn­

can  pay  he  should  do  it  with  reasonable 
promptness;  if he  doesn’t  do  it  natural­
ly,  he  should  be  made  to  do  it  by  the 
quickest  available  method;  if  he  can 
not  pay  he  hasn’t  the  shadow  of a  right 
to  appropriate  another  man’s  goods  or 
time  or  money  with  no  decent  recom­
pense  for  the  same,  and  he  had  better 
be  placed  on  the  charity  of  the  com­
munity  than  allowed  to  prey  upon  any 
one  merchant.

The  influence  of  the  collection depart­
ment  upon  the  advice  system is obvious. 
With  thousands  of  claims  in  the  hands 
of  the  enterprising  agency  and  the  or­
ganization  they  are  bound  to  have,  with 
men  to cover,  in  routes,  the  whole  city 
and  surrounding  suburbs  at  regular  in­
tervals  and  the  business  portion  every 
day,  the  office  at  the  center  is  in  the 
way  of  receiving  a  vast  deal  of  knowl­
edge  at  first  hands.

little 

junction  and  the 

With  reference  to the  outside  claims, 
the  combination  traveling  man  and  col­
lector  of  twenty  years  ago has been  re­
solved,  by  the  up-to-date  agency,  into 
an  attorney  in  every town  of  importance 
or  in  a  place  near enough  to  reach  even 
the 
farmer  a 
number  of  miles  out,  all  bound  by  a 
common  compact,  for  whose  acts  the 
agency  holds  itself  entirely  responsible 
to  its  client.  The individual  would  nine 
times  out  of  ten,  in  attempting  to  deal 
direct  with  an  out-of-town  attorney, 
choose,  in  the  first  place,  the  wrong  at­
torney  for  that  particular  line  of  pro­
cedure ;  and,  in  the  second  place,  be 
trying  to direct  at  too  long  range  work 
that  often  requires  instant  decision  and 
is  a  friction  that 
action,  all  of  which 
the  agency,  in  constant  touch  with 
its 
men  wherever they  are,  has overcome  by 
system.

Sometimes  there  arises  an  exigency 
that  must  be  met  by  a  head  charged 
with  more 
intimate  knowledge  of the 
situation  than  can  be  given  by  written 
instructions  to  the  distant  attorney,  in 
which  event  the  agency  sends  one  of  its 
office  attorneys  direct  from  an  interview 
with  the  client.  The  office  man  gets 
order  out  of  chaos;  he  obtains  ever  so 
small  a  payment  on  an  expiring  note, 
and  succeeds 
in  renewing  it  without 
expenditure;  he  catches  goods  before 
they  get  out  of  the  place;  he  knows  the 
statute  of  limitations  by  heart;  he  has  a 
nose 
like  a  hound  for  proceedings  in 
bankruptcy  and  he  scents  his  possibili­
ties  in  the  case  before  the  individual  in 
the  case  himself  knows  that  there  is  any 
such  release  from  his  troubles.

The  great  study  of  concentration  of 
energy  has  been  apparent  in  the  ad­
vancement  in the  business  of  collections 
and  credits,  as  it  is  the  power  in  all 
other  forces  that  have  any  sway  in  the 
commercial  world.  And,  perhaps,  that 
one  step  has  had  more  to  do with  the 
betterment  of  affairs  generally  than  any 
but  a  close  student  of  business  condi­
tions  will  be  willing  to  admit.

In  any  event,  certain  it  is  that  there 
is  a  more  healthy  atmosphere  in  both 
credits  and  collections  than  has  been 
true  of  any  previous  decade  within  the 
history  of this  country;  and,  as  system 
and  full  knowledge  of  conditions  must 
in 
tell  in  any  vocation,  they  have  told 
this  and  will  be  still  stronger  factors 
in 
the  legitimate  business  affairs  of  the 
next  century. 

Luther  J.  Stevenson.

Small  Things,  Large  Volume.

At  Schweinfurth,  Bavaria,  is  one  of 
the  largest  of  the  world’.s  manufactories 
for bicycle  ball  bearings.  The  two  fac­
tories  there,  belonging  to one  firm,  turn 
out  annually  2,000,000 gross  of  these  lit­
tle  steel  balls,  and  employ  600  men, 
working  for a  day of ten hours’ duration.

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

ing  what  kind  of  a  robber  he  is  trying 
to  do business  for  and  trade  with,  and 
delegates  the  further  handling  of  the 
claims  to  his  office  boy  or the  janitor  of 
the  block  and  finally  goes  elsewhere  to 
trade  to  avoid  being  annoyed  with  re­
quests  for a  report  on  the  claims,  many 
of  which  he  knows  are  worthless,  but 
dares-not  say  so  for  fear of offending 
some  voter.

If  those  statements  were  to  go to  a 
collection  agency having a well-balanced 
credit  department,  the  needless  work  of 
attempting  to  do  anything  with  a  lot  of 
dead-beat  stuff  would  be  saved  and  the 
creditor  in question  would  be  apt  to  re­
ceive  the  part  of  them  that  were  of  that 
sort,  within  a  few  days  of  the  time  of 
sending,  marked  worthless  and  uncol­
lectible.  Then he  would  wonder  how  in 
several  kinds  of  mystery  those  people 
knew  so  much  in  such  short  order.  This

trusted ;  but  he  may  give  with  perfect 
ease  the  same 
information  to  an  asso­
ciation  of  which  he  may  be  a  member— 
one  which  deals  with  general  business 
matters  and  will  be  fair and  careful 
in 
summing  up  the  information  received 
from  him  and  others  for the  use  of  some 
one  in  whose  experience  that  particular 
individual  has  never  come.  The  first 
mentioned  tradesman  will  return  to the 
same  agent  for  knowledge  of  the  finan­
cial 
liability  of  another credit-seeking 
man  who  has  been  in  his  neighbor’s 
path;  but  his  neighbor isn’t willing,  nor 
is  he  anxious,  for  an  exchange  of  ex­
perience  directly  given.  Based  upon 
this 
law  of  human  nature  is  the  great 
credit-advice  system  of the modem busi­
ness  world. 
Intelligent  recourse  to  it 
by  all  credit-dealing  corporations  and 
individuals  would  result 
in  a  most 
healthful  drainage  of  the  credit-seek­

knowledge 
is  gained  simply  by  refer­
ence  to their files—which,  if  they  are  a 
reputable  and  reliable agency,  have been 
compiled  with  the  greatest  care  and  re­
peatedly  revised,  all  ends  to  accuracy 
and 
justice  having  been  met  and 
weighed  thoughtfully  -and  by  calling 
upon  sources of  information  possible  to 
only  a  disinterested  party 
in  trade,  al­
though  these  sources  are  found  in  the 
center and  rush  of  trade.

It 

is  distinctly  true  that  a  tradesman 
will  give  information  about  his  busi­
ness  experience  with  an  individual  only 
when  he  is  not  called  upon  to  directly 
inform a  competitor.  It would  not  do  for 
a  business  man  to  say  very  often  to  an­
other,  especially  if  that  other  were  in 
the  same  sort  of  business,  ‘ ‘ You  had 
better  not  trust  such  and  such  an  indi­
vidual. ”   Even  if  he  were  the  most 
fraternal  of  men  otherwise,  his  motive, 
if  in  close  competition,  would  be  dis­

Legitimate 

ing  portion. 
credit-seek­
ing  we  want;  in  that  lies  the  possibil­
ity  of  bigness  of  plan  in  the  financial 
make-up ;  but  it  is  a  clearing house  that 
is  needed.

is  stronger  than  either alone. 

The  combination  of  collections  and 
credit-advices  resolves  itself  into  a force 
that 
In 
the  case  of the  former,  there  is  a  heavy 
leverage  obtained  through  the  latter,  in 
that  the  agency  is  enabled  to  bring  to 
bear  upon  the  mind  of  the  debtor  that 
not  only  the  collector  who  is  approach­
ing  him  will  have  knowledge  of  his 
disposition  to  pay,  but  as  many  others 
as  have  occasion 
later  to  open  credit 
with  him,  if they  choose  to  avail  them­
information, 
selves  of 
about  him. 
information  isn’t 
favorable,  a  few  refusals  of  credit  will 
begin  to  tell,  and  in  the  end  he  either 
goes  down  or  mends  his  ways. 
It  isn’t 
a  question  of  sympathy,  because  if he

the  compiled 
If  that 

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

45

Why should not R etail Merchants open  a Bank Accountf

g
T h e 
t   C o u n t y   S a v i n g s 8 
I
B a n k 

Corner  Canal and  Lyon Streets 

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Solicits  the patronage  o f retail  dealers  and  individuals  jMg 
jHK

in  G ran d  R apids  and  Vicinity. 

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¥£1.  We  invite personal  interview  with  a  view  to  business 
g® 

relations.

MM,

Resources  exceed $2,000,000.

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G R A N D   R A P I D S 

y , 

B U S I N E S S   U N I V E R S I T Y .

Shorthand,  Typewriting,  English 

and  Practical 
Training  School

is  the best place f o r   young  men  and  ■ women  to  secure  that  Practical  and 
Useful  Education  that  w ill  enable them  to  accept  and hold lucrative posi­
tions,  and take  their places  in  the commercial world above those who neglect 
such preparation.

Over 40 o f  our pupils  have accepted paying positions  since  A p ril i,  '99. 
School Expenses  light. 
Send fo r   Catalogue 

Instruction  thorough. 

A.  S.  P A R IS I/,  Grand Rapids,  Mich.

m   J o h n   A .  C ovode,  P re s id e n t. 
m  
ME 

J .  A .  S .  V e rd ie r,  C a sh ie r.

8g

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etc.  Address

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BUY  YOUR  GAS  BY  THE  PO U ND ."

A sk  for  information  of  us  before 
you  arrange  for  your  lighting.

M. B. WHEELER ELECTRIC CO.,  Mfrs.
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GRAND  RAPIDS,  MICHIGAN.

’

99  OTTAWA  STREET. 

L.  D.  BELL

LL  PHONE  505.  S S

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when  you  are  in  the  market  to  purchase,  that

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Rubber  Boots, 
Shoes,
Felt  Boots, 
Socks,
Gloves,
Mittens, 
and  Kerseys

^   We  also  are  manufacturers  of  Leather  Belting 
and  Jobbers of  all  kinds  of  Rubber,  mil  and  Fire 

|  
g   No.  4 Monroe St. 

^   Department Supplies.  Send  for  price  list.

STUDLEY  &  BARCLAY,

Grand Rapids, Mich.

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

beans  shipped  from  Michigan  during 
the  season  of  1896 and  1897 was 3,049,135 
bushels;  for  1897  and  1898,  1,765,175 
bushels.  Five  hundred  to  550 bushels 
of beans  constitute  a  carload.

The  year  1895  was  the  largest  potato 
producing  year  for the  United  States  on 
record,  the  total  number of  bushels  be­
ing  297,237,370.  The  total  number of 
bushels  for the year 1898 was 192,306,338, 
or  104,931,032 bushels less than four years 
ago.

For  the 

information  of  some  of  your 
readers  and  also  shippers  of  butter, 
eggs,  hay,  apples,  beans  and  potatoes 
we  give  you  the  following  items,  which 
show  the  business  done  in  this  special 
line  in  the  United  States :
IMPORTS.
Potatoes.
Bushels.
246,178
1,171,282 

Year. 
1897 
•898 

473,

ties,  such  as  Bermuda  and  Egyptian on­
ions  for the  early  spring  trade.

IMPORTS.

Hay.
Tons. 
61,858 
81,827 

Year. 
*897 
1898 

Value.
$845,500
1,151,273
Total  number of  acres  and  production 
in  the  United  States 

of  hay  produced 
during  the  following  years :
Year. 
Value.
Acres. 
1897  60,664,876  42,426,770  $401,390,728
1898  42,780,827  66,376,920  398,060,627 
General  average  value  for the  United

Tons. 

States,  $6  per  ton.

The  average  yield  per acre  of  hay  for 
the  year  1897  and  average  price  per  ton 
for the  following  States  was  as  follows 
Michigan,  1  49-100  tons.  Average 
Minnesota,  1  57-100  tons.  Average 

price,  $7.75  per ton.
price,  $4.50  per ton.

Iowa,  1  50-100  tons.  Average  price, 

$4.25  per ton.

Year. 
'897 
1898 

Year. 
r®97 
*898 

Green  Apples  in  Barrels.

Value.
$1,340,159
1,897,725

Value.
$2,371,143
1,684,717

EXPORTS.
Dried  Apples.

Pounds. 
30 ,775.401 
31,031,254 
EXPORTS.

Barrels. 
b 503,981 
605,390 
EXPORTS.
Clover Seed.
Pounds. 
13,042,994 
3 b I55,3 8 i 

Duty  on  eggs,  5c  per dozen. 

Acres. 

Year. 
j897 
i8 98  

Value.
$1,003,157
1,892,101
The  following  statement  will  show  the 
increase 
in  acreage,  production  and 
value  for  potaotes  in  the  United  States 
for the  following  years:
Year. 
Value. 
1869  1,222,250  133,886,000  $  57,481,362 
1879  1,836,800  181,626,400 
79,153,673
1887  2,357,322  134,103,000  91,506,740
1890  2,651,579  148,078,945  112,205,235 
1893  2,605,186  183,034,203  108,661,801
89,643,059
1897  2,534,577  164,015,964 
1898  2,557,729  192,306,338 
79,574,772
The  average  yield  per acre  of potatoes
in  the  following  states  for the  year  1897 
was:

Bush. 

Michigan,  72  bushels  per acre.  Aver­

age  price  per bu.,  43c.

Minnesota,  106  bushels per  acre.  Av­
erage  price  per bu.,  31c.
Iowa,  60  bushels  per acre.  Average 
irice  per bu.,  47c.
Colorado,  97  bushels  per  acre.  Aver­

age  price per bu.,  56c.

Wisconsin,  99  bushels  per  acre.  Av­

erage  price  per bu.,  38c.

For  the  past  five  years  the  average 
yield  per acre  in  the  United  States  has 
been  79  bushels,  or  an  average  value 
of  $30.40  per acre,  or an  average  of  38c 
per  bushel.

It  is  well  to  compare  notes occasional­
ly  to  realize  the  changes  constantly  be­
ing  made. 

E.  A.  Moseley.

46

FARM   PRODUCE.

Detailed  Statistics  Compiled  by an Exten 

sive  Operator.

Referring  to  the  produce  situation  s 
the  present  time  as  compared  with  fif 
teen  or  twenty  years  ago,  we  will  first 
call  attention  to the territory tributary  t( 
the  city  of  Grand  Rapids.  Fifteen  < 
twenty  years  ago  few pieces  of land were 
under  cultivation,  excepting  in  a  gen 
eral  farming  way.  To-day,  as  you  drivi 
around  this  city,  you  will  find  the  coun 
try  generally  all  under 
cultivation 
Many  pieces  of  land  which  a  few  years 
ago were  considered  too  rough  and  hilly 
or  swamp  land  and  of  no  value  are  to 
day  the  richest  gardens  and  fruit  land 
we  have  and  a  drive  in  any  direction 
during  May  and  June  affords  one  of  the 
most  interesting  rides  one  can  take,  as 
the  country  looks  to be  all  one  garden 
interlined  with  fruit  orchards  which  in 
elude  all  kinds  of  fruit, 
including 
peaches,  pears  and  plums,  and  all kinds 
of  early  vegetables.  The  country,  be­
ing  rolling,  affords  as  fine  scenery  as  is 
seen  in  many  places  in  California.

in 
loaded, 

One  has  only  to  visit  the  early  market 
from  4  to  6  o’clock  in  the  morning  to 
be 
convinced  and  surprised  at  the 
amount  of  produce  brought  to this  mar­
ket,the average  number of teams ranging 
from  500  to  1,000  on  all  good  market 
days--and  this  without  any  peaches.
The  prospects  at  the  present  time 

in­
dicate  the  largest  peach  crop  for  next 
year  this  market  has  ever known. 
It 
stands  our city  officials  in  hand  to  hus­
tle  and  increase  the  present  market  ca­
pacity  and  be  prepared  for double  the 
teams  they  are  now  able  to care  for. 
This  should  be done this year;  otherwise 
many  teams  will  not  be  able  to  reach 
the  city  market  and  will  be  obliged  to 
use  the  public  streets  to  sell  their  fruit.
Eight  or  ten  years  ago  a  large  per­
centage  of 
the  peaches  and  plums 
shipped  out  from  this  territory  went  by 
express.  Now  nearly  all  shipments  are 
made 
in  refrigerator cars,  which  go di­
rect  to  destination  without  change  or 
re-handling—shipments  ranging 
from 
200 to  500 bushels  to  a  carload.  Peaches 
refrigerator  cars,  when 
shipped 
properly 
should  reach  des 
tination  in  perfect  order,  fresh  and  fine 
as  when  shipped.  One  can  readily  see 
the  great  advantage  in  the  present  mode 
of  transportation  of  fruit  over the  old 
way  of  shipping  by  express,  where  fruit 
was  handled  several  times  while 
in 
transit  and  shipped  in  hot  express  cars.
A  few  years  ago  nearly  every  town 
within  the  territory  200  miles  north  of 
here  was  a  lumbering  station,  very  lit­
tle  farming  being  done,  so  that  nearly 
all  of the  towns  south  were  shipping  in 
their  supply  of  butter,  eggs,  pork  and 
provisions,  and  during  the  early  sum­
mer  months  more  or  less  of  their  pota­
toes.  To-day 
is  different.  Nearly 
all  of  these  towns  are  self-supporting 
and  are  supplied  daily  by  farmers  in 
their  immediate  locality.  This  section 
now  has  some  as  fine  farms as  you  will 
see  in  the  State,  and at  nearly  every  sta­
tion  there  are  a  large  number of bushels 
of  potatoes  shipped  out,  as  well  as  but­
ter,  eggs  and  other  provisions  which 
come  in  competition  with  the  farms  in 
the  southern  part  of  the  State,  which 
have  been  settled  for fifty  years or more, 
as  well  as  other  producing  states.

it 

Michigan  as  a  State  stands  to  the 
large  producing  State  for 
front  as  a 
beans  and  potatoes. 
It  is  also  recog­
nized  as  a  large  fruit  producing  State, 
leading  in  certain  varieties  of  apples, 
and  also  peaches,  pears  and  plums.

The  estimated  number  of  bushels  of

l>uty  of Employers  to  Employes.

It  is  to be  regretted  that  the  relation­
ship  between  employer and  employe 
is 
of  so  mechanical a nature  that  each  feels 
that  he  has  done  his  duty  sufficiently 
when  he  has  fulfilled  his  part  of the con­
tract  according  to  the  agreement  made 
between  them.  Each  appears  to  be 
afraid  of going  beyond  this  and 
incon­
veniencing  himself  in  doing  more  than 
he  is  absolutely  called  upon  to do.  The 
average  merchant  feels  that  he  has 
achieved  a  triumph  when  he  has  hired a 
clerk  for the  smallest  possible  salary  to 
which  he  could  grind  him  down;  while 
the  clerk,  on  the  other hand,  thinks  that 
he  has  earned  his  money  when  he  has 
answered  questions  asked  him  by  cus­
tomers,  and  has  condescended  to  place 
goods  upon  the  counter to  be 
inspected 
by  them.  This  is a  great  mistake,  how­
ever,  on  the  part  of  both,  because  each 
owes  sométhing  more  to the  other  than 
can  be  compensated  for  in  dollars  and 
cents.  As  long  as  the  merchant  regards 
his  employes  as  machines,  just  so  long 
will  they  be  apt  to act  as  such.  What 
'nducement 
is  there  for  them  to  exert 
themselves  unduly  in  making  strenuous 
efforts  to sell  goods  when  it  will  not  be 
appreciated  by the  employer?  The  lat­
ter  should  take  a  friendly  interest  in 
their  welfare,  aside  from their  business 
relations,  and,  by thus  winning the per­
sonal  attachment  of  the  clerks,  he  will 
be  able  to obtain  much better service.—  
Stoves  and  Hardware  Reporter.

One  man  pursues  power  in  order to 
possess  wealth,  and  another  pursues 
wealth  in  order to  possess  power;  which 
last  is  the  safer  way,  and  generally  fol­
lowed

New  York,  1  35-100  tons. Average
Wisconsin,  1  35-100 tons.

price, $8.25  per ton.
price, $6.25  per  ton.

Average

Beans  and  Dried  Peas.

EXPORTS.
Potatoes.
Bushels.
926,646
605,187 
EXPORTS.

Bushels.
900,219
850,184 

EXPORTS. 

Onions.
Bushels.
73» 5 11
100,148 

EXPORTS. 

Eggs-
Dozen.
1,300,383
2,754,810

Value.
$515,067
400,666

Value.
Si.uo. 187
1,094,094

Value.
$60,088
90,832

Value.
$i8o,o54
4 48 ,37 0

Year.
1897
1898

Year.
1897
1898

Year.
1897
1898

Year.
1897
1898

mport 

bushel.

on  potatoes,

per

Average  cost  per  bushel  of  imported 
potatoes,  40c,  less duty  of  25c  per bushel 
would  leave  the  price  to the  shipper  15c 
per  bushel.  You  can  readily  see  that 
the  net  cost  to the  farmer  in  this  case 
would  be  very  small.

IMPORTS.

Beans  and  Dried  Peas.

Year. 
J§97 
i8 98 

Value.
$489,274
I49D97
Import  duty  on  beans,  45c  per bushel. 

Bushels. 
482,984 
i6 3 ,5 4 3  

IMPORTS.

Onions.
Bushels.
560,138
488,853

Year. 
j 897 
1898 

Value. 
$627,273
429,173
The  duty  on  onions  is  40c  per  bushel. 
Many  of  the  onions  shipped  to  this 
country  in  crates  are  of  the  early  vane-

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

47

Simmons  Knitting: Co.

will  show the finest 
line of

LADIES’,  HISSES* AND 

CHILDREN’S  UNDERWEAR

AND  GENTS’  UNION SUITS

f

on the market this fall. 
Wait and see our samples.

Druggists

If  yon  wont  a  large  Profit 
and Beet Seller,  order

White  &  White’s  Headache  Powders

M ichigan  is  being  thoroughly  advertised.
Goods  guaranteed.  W ith   each  dozen  25c 
size  at  $2.00  we  give  free  1  dozen  io c siz e , 
which  brings  the  cost  of large  size  down  to 
80c. 

Send  in  trial  order  to  your  jobber.

SIMMONS  KNITTING  CO.,  Grand  Rapids,  Mich.

WHITE  &  WHITE  COMPANY,  Grand  Rapids,  Michigan.

Cummer’s  Patent  Folding  Crates

4   Fig.  2, Set up, Open. 

Fig.  1,  Folded Fiat.
Fig. 3,  Set  up,  Closed. 
Fig. 4 shows  half  doz. 
crates complete ready 
for shipment.
3

Humpty  Dumpty 
Folding Egg Crate.

No  Broken  Eggs!
No Time  W asted! 
No  Disputed  Count!
The Best,  Cheapest and Most Convenient Egg Car­
rier in Existence.  A  First-Class Advertising  Nov­
elty.  With  Fillers Removed they can  be  used  for 
many other purposes.  Made  in  sizes  to  hold  3, 6, 
9 ana  12 dozen, respectively.

Cummin’s Folding Six  Basket Carrier.

Cummer’s Folding  Fruit and 

Vegetable Crates—

Light,  Strong 
and  Durable.
Simple and 
E asily  Folded.
No  Nails, 
Screw s or Tools 
Required.

Slats are Made of Hardwood with 

Corners Rounded.

cheap rate of freight  Give us your estimate and let us make you price

This is  the  best  package  for  shipping  Peaches,  Pears,  Plums,  Grapes,  ium«uo 
r.tc.,  It  is  convenient  for  both  shipper  and  consumer, are thoroughly ventilat 
and  contents are carried without bruising.  The crates fold flat and the baskets ne 
Can be piled  in  car  one  upon  another, no  crating  necessary.  Can  be  returned 

Partially Folded. 

Manner of inserting bottom in crate*

Send for prices.  Manufactured only by

Cummer Mfg. Co., Cadillac, Mich

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

48

Automobiles  as  a  Factor  in  Transporta 

Written for the Tradesman.

tion Problems.

There  is  so  much  of  mechanical  com 
plication  involved  in  the  construction  of 
the  various  types  of  self-propelling  ve 
hides—electric,  gasoline,  steam,  etc. 
and  the  work  of  training  mechanics  for 
the  care  of  such  machines  is  necessarily 
so  slow,  the  early  development  pre 
sented  difficulties which  made  it  a  ques 
tion  as  to whether there  would  ever be 
material  significance  in  the  movement 
The  early  machines  of all  the  types  o 
construction  were  unduly  complicated 
and  the  designs  involved  much  that  re 
quired  the  most  costly  and elaborate ma 
chinery.  Thus  for a  long  time  the  first 
cost  of  any  practical  self-propelling 
vehicle  was too  great  for  it  to  cut  much 
figure  in  questions  of  economic  trans 
portation.

The  productions  of 

Among the nations to take up the devel 
opmenj  of this mode  of  progression  tht 
French  has  taken  the  lead  on  account 
of  her  favorable  situation  as  to  passable 
highways. 
the 
French  engineers  have  shown  much  c 
original 
inventive  genius  and  skill  of 
construction,  but  in  their  work  has been 
the  lack  of  system,  of  the  use  of  inter 
changeability,  of  gibbs  and  templates 
and  automatic  construction,  which  has 
given  the  Americans  so  great  lead 
mechanical  work.  Thus  their  machines 
are  very  costly  and  the  breakage  or  de­
rangement  of  a  part  involves  much work 
and  skill  in  repairing  and  fitting.

As  the  work 

is  taken  up  by  Ameri­
cans  there  is  introduced  as  rapidly  as 
possible  the  principle  of  duplicate  parts 
and  automatic  construction.  This in  its 
designing  and  first  installation  is  very 
costly,  and  so  while  the  work  is  pro­
gressing  there  is  no  tendency  to  cheap­
ening  of  production. 
there  is  such 
cheapening  at  present  it  must  be  in  an­
ticipation  of 
future  results  of  such 
methods of  construction.

If 

But  notwithstanding  these  hindrances 
to  the  rapid  growth  of  automobile  pro­
last  year  or  two  has  wit­
duction,  the 
nessed  tremendous  strides. 
Vehicles 
for  private  use  are  coming  to be  largely 
advertised  and  sold  and  the  express  and 
transfer  companies  are  experimenting 
with them  in  many 
localities.  Reports 
of  contracts  for  considerable  numbers 
are  so  frequent  that  a  rapid  revolution 
in  all  kinds  of  transfer business  seems 
imminent.  Considering  the  present  cost 
and  the  as  yet  experimental  condition 
of  much  of  the  work,  this  rapid increase 
in  its  use  argues  an  easy  conquest  when 
the  inevitable  cheapening  and  system­
atizing  of  production  take  place.

One  lesson  is  being  learned  from  the 
use  of  bicycles  and  other  pneumatic 
vehicles  which  promises  to  be  of  vast 
significance,  viz.,  the  value  of  elasticity 
in  road  improvement. 
It  is  a  matter of 
astonishment  how  quickly  the  yielding 
tire  will  make'  for  itself  a  hard  and 
smooth  path  through  muddy  streets. 
Every  such  path  is  an  object  lesson sug­
gesting  the  value  that  will  be  found  in 
the  use  of  such  tires  on  a 
larger  scale, 
as  in the  automobile  wagon.  The  prob­
lem  of  road  contruction  will  then resolve 
itself  into the  preparation  of  a  properly 
drained  surface  sufficient  to  hold  up  the 
elastically 
load  and  such 
traffic  will  do  the  rest.  The  constant 
running  of  these  vehicles  over  any 
streets  made 
sustain  them  will 
thoroughly  squeeze  out  the  moisture  and 
compact  the  materials  so  that  rain  will 
have  little  effect  upon  them.  And  such 
roads  will  soon  become  so level and hard 
that  they  will  not  be  cut  up by  the  ordi­
nary  iron tire  suitably proportioned to its

supported 

to 

load,  and  the  use  of  others  will  be  regu­
lated  by 
legal  restrictions.  Then  the 
degree  in  which the  horse  is  supplanted 
by  self-propelling  vehicles  will  do  away 
with  the  destructive  shoe  calks,  and 
if 
this 
is  not  enough  these  may  also be 
subject  to  regulation.  Indeed,  the  value 
of  this  factor  in  the  solution  of the prob­
lem  of  good  roads  can  scarcely  be  over­
estimated.  Let  these  vehicles  come  in­
to  general  use  and  the  short  stretches  of 
passable  highways  radiating  from  a 
large  towns  will  rapidly  lengthen  unti 
the  whole  country  will  be  abundantly 
loca 
rovided  with  the  best  means  of 
communication,  and  this  with  means 
which  will  insure  their permanent main 
tenance  and  improvement.

It 

Among  significant  items  in  relation  to 
automobiles  are  statements  in  regard  to 
experiments  for their  use  instead  of,  or 
in  competition  with,  street  cars. 
It  i 
inly  recently  that  electric  roads  havi 
undertaken  to  meet  the  needs  of  subur 
ban  traffic,  and  to  connect  towns  of 
noderate  distance  apart. 
is  being 
found that for much  of  this  traffic  the  in 
stallation  and  maintenance  of  electrii 
roads  are  too  costly  and  it  must  be  pro 
idded  for by  other  means.  The  build 
ing  of  an  electric  road means  the 
intro 
duction  of an  alien  and disturbing struc 
ture. 
improvement  in 
xisting  conditions  it  is  apt  to  be  a  se 
rious  detriment. 
It  must  be maintained 
rely  and  simply  for  the  benefit  of  its 
trains,  and  there  are  no  natural  provi­
sions  for  improvement.  There  is  noth 
ng  ahead  but  deterioration,  to  be  made 
good  by  repairs  and  new  construction.

Instead  of  an 

The  building  and  maintenance  of 
automobile  roads  for the  same  purpose 
ill  involve  an  entirely  different  prob 
em.  Instead  of  building  an  independ- 
nt  and  intruding  structure  the  present 
lighways  will  be  utilized.  These  will 
be  improved  to  a  degree  to  make  the 
self-propelling  vehicle  practicable  and 
the  use  of  these  will  complete  the  prep­
aration,  insuring  permanence  and  con­
stant  improvement.

the  line  of  public 

At  the  present  prices of  such  vehicles 
the  cost  of  equipping  a  line  with  elec-^ 
trie  traction  is  far  above the automobile. 
The  preparation  of  the  road 
is  also 
is  entirely 
much  cheaper and  this  cost 
improvement. 
But  when  the  manufacture  becomes  per­
fected  the  vehicles  will  be  greatly  re­
duced  in price  and  then it is  safe  to  pre­
set  that  their  use  will  be  a  disturbing 
factor  in  the  value  of  suburban  electric 
•action,  if,  indeed,  they  do  not  come 
nto  competition  with  the  present  street 
railway  conditions  in  the  cities.

W.  N.  Fuller.

Have  Confidence  in  Yourself, 

Timidity  in  trade  is,  in  one  sense,  as 
much  a  vice  as  any  of  the  more  abhor­
rent  evils  catalogued  by men.  Vice  un­
dermines  manhood  and  saps the  courage 
and  virtues  of  our being.  Timidity 
in 
the  business  world  eventually  produces 
precisely  the  same  effect.  The  names 
of  men  are  legion  who  have  fallen 
into 
ruin’s  pit  simply  because  they  did  not 
dare  to  act.  Aware  of  the  value  of  a 
good  thing,  they  failed  to  push  forward 
because  they  distrusted  their  own  abil­
ity.  Confidence  is  hope.  Lack  of  it  is 
almost  despair.  Hence  the  possession 
of  confidence  is  as  much  a  business  as­
set  as  the  possession  of  extraordinary 
qualities.  That  is  why  the  common­
place  man  so often  proves  the  success­
ful  one  while his more brilliant neighbor 
remains 
in  the  ranks.  No  successful 
business  man  was  ever  timid.  Launch 
out—that  is  the  keynote.  If  you  believe 
there  is  a  show  to  win,  cast  all  your 
energy  and  determination  upon  that 
is­
sue  and  take  your chances.  Hesitate, 
and  your confidence  weakens ;  still  hesi­
tate,  and 
it  dies.  The  entertaining  of 
timidity  spells  ruin.

sB B ■

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2  

>*m  xem  « « M r ..

HOTEL

WARWICK

S .  W.  COR.  DIVISION 
AND  FULTON  S T S .

GRAND  RAPIDS,  MICH.
GRAND  RAPIDS,  MICH. 

LATELY  REMODELED. 
OFFICE  ON  GROUND  FLOOR. 

I
1
s

9

S
5

TRANSIENTS 
T R A N R I F N T f i  

$1.50 AND $2.00  PER  DAY.

S
WM  NICHOLSON,  Proprietor.  2

H e l l o !   Y e s ,  w e   h a v e

b o t h   p h o n e s   N o .  4 5 5 .

*

I f  y o u   w a n t
CEMENT  HAIR

FIRE BRICK 
PORTLAND CEMENT 
S   A. MORMAN & CO., 25 Canal St., Grand Rapids, Mich.

LIME 
SEWER PIPE 

Write or phone, and  we will be pleased to quote you.

DRAIN TILE 

COAL

I SEARCHLIGHT

OUR  STRAIGHT  GRADE  FLOUR  |

No patent out.

G RAH AM  

CO RN   M E A L

Feed  of all  Kinds.

BROWNELL  MILLING  CO ,

PUINWELL, MICH.

THOS.  E.  WYKES,  Grand  Rapids,  Hich.

Wants your Prices on

GRAIN,  HAY  and  WOOD  in  Car  Lots,

And  you want his  Prices on

MILL  FEED,  LlflE  and  CEMENT.

W A T S O N   &   F R O S T

M ANUFACTURERS  OF

GRAHAM   FL O U R
WholesaleDealers in Seeds,  Beans,  Grain,  Flour,  Hay  and  Wood.

F E E D   A N D   C O R N   M E A L .

28 & 132 West Bridge St. 

GRAND RAPIDS, MICH.

COMPRESSED  YEAST.

Wonderful  Increase  in  the  Sale  of  the 

Staple.

To the  Fleischmann  family  undoubt­
edly  belongs  the  credit  of  originally  in­
troducing  compressed  yeast 
into  this 
country.  As  near  as  I  can  ascertain, 
compressed  yeast  has been  used  in  the 
European  countries 
for  hundreds  of 
years,  and  while  the  late  Oliver  Bleak, 
who  conducted  a  grocery  store  many 
years  at  the  comer of  East  Fulton  and 
Lagrave  streets,  claimed  to  have  manu­
factured  compressed  yeast  at  Buffalo 
many  years  before  the  Fleischmanns 
came  to this  country,  yet  his  operations 
were  on  such  a  small  scale  that  they  are 
hardly  entitled  to  the  attention  of  the 
careful  historian  and  do  not  detract 
in 
any  way  from  the  credit due the Fleisch­
manns  for the  originality,  ingenuity and 
energy  they  have  shown  in  developing 
and  extending  the  business.
first 

Fleischmann  Co. 

introduced

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

49

grocers  and  bakers  daily  by  the  agent 
and  his  representatives.  There is  also a 
great  amount  of  yeast  shipped  out  of 
this  city to all  parts  of  Michigan.

Yeast  must  be  handled  with  great care 
in  order that  the  heat  may  not  injure  it 
in  summer and  the  cold  may  not  freeze 
it  in  winter. 
It  requires  a  cool  place 
in  the  summer to insure  the  best  results.
There  are  a  great many  more  bakeries 
in  this  city  now  than  there  were  six­
teen  years  ago and  they  consume  large 
quantities  of  compressed  yeast.  Com­
pressed  yeast  is  also  used  at  summer  re­
sorts,  etc.,  in  the  manufacture  of  root 
beer.  The  yeast  wagons  usually  start 
out  in  the  morning  during  the  summer 
months  at  from  5 ¡30 to 6 o’clock  and  in 
the  winter  months  at  from  6:30  to  7 
o’clock.  This  is  done  in  order that  the 
grocers  may  supply  their customers with 
fresh  yeast  every  morning.

When  compressed  yeast  was  first  sold 
in  this  city,  it  was  carried  to the grocers 
and  bakers  in  a  box,  the  agent going  on 
foot.  Now,  as  said, 
it  requires  eleven 
wagons  for  its  delivery,  as  there  are 
from  300 to  400  grocers  and  from  fifty 
to  sixty  bakers  to be supplied  daily.

A  peculiarity  of  the  business  is  the

length  of  time  many  of  the  employes 
remain 
in  the  harness.  For  instance, 
John  Van  Osenbruggen  was  employed 
by  the  Fermentum  and  Riverside  com­
panies  for  twenty  years,  retiring  a  few 
months  ago  on  account  of  ill  health.  B. 
VanHazen  has  worked  continuously  for 
Fleischmann  &  Co.  for eighteen  years.
P.  Kriekaard  was  placed  on  the  pen­
sion  list  of  Fleishmann  &  Co.  about 
three  years  ago,  after  having  rounded 
out  a  quarter of  a  century  as  local  man­
ager  of the  business,  and  now  enjoys  a 
monthly  stipend  amounting  to  half  of 
his  salary  when  he  was  formerly  active­
ly  connected  with  the  company.

John  Smyth.

Criticism  of Success.

It  is  strange  that  men  of  the  most 
mediocre  ability will  criticise successful 
business  men  in  the  view  that  they  are 
entitled  to the  same  success.  This  isn’t 
true.  Most  rich  men  are  hard  workers 
and  deep  thinkers.  They  attain  their 
prominence  after years  of  effort.  They 
are  not  content  to work for a  meagre sal­
ary.  This  spirit 
in  itself  makes  them 
successful.  They  step  on  obstacles  and 
pass  over.  They  rise  to  one  level  and 
then  to another.  They deserve success.— 
Ohio  Merchant.

Success 

Jadicloui*  Buying.
is  equally  as  dependent’ on 
good  buying  as  on  prompt  selling.  All 
the  energy,  tact  ana  diligence  that  can 
be  exerted  in  the  sales  department  will 
not  be  sufficient  to  counteract  a  leakage 
in  the  buying  department.  For 
in­
stance,  if  the  merchant  buys  a 
large 
supply  of  goods  that  are  unsalable,  they 
must  be  sold  at  a  sacrifice  to  get  rid  of 
them,  and  will 
in  all  probability  more 
than  eat  up  the  profit  on  other  lines;  or 
possibly  he  buys  too  few  of  a  line  that 
is 
in  great  demand,  and  when  a  cus­
tomer calls  for  it  he does  not have  it arid 
the  customer  has  to go  elsewhere,  pos­
sibly  never  to come  back.  Of  course  it 
is  difficult  to always  guard  against  such 
mishaps  occurring,  but  by  the  exercise 
of  due  care  and  judgment  they  may  be 
avoided.  The  better to  accomplish  this 
object  the  merchant  should  as  often  as 
possible  get  in  contact  with  his  custom­
ers  and  study  their  requirements;  he 
should  read  the  trade  papers  diligently 
and  keep  himself  thoroughly  posted  on 
the  fluctuations  of  the  markets  and  by 
these  means  he  will  be  able  to buy judi­
ciously.

Selling  goods  at  or below  cost 

is  the 
most  ruinous  of  all  mistaken  policies 
and  this  fact 
is  being  realized  with 
greater  keenness  with  every passing sea­
son.

Oflte fteMcnt

^of tl)t United States of America,

_ 
Greeting 1 

To

H ^ N H Y   B O O H )   your  o l e r k < 4 ,   attorneys,  ager.i 
s a l e s m e n   and  workmen,  and  all  claiming  or
bedding  through  or  under  you.

'

1   *1  has  be«*1  represented  to  us  in  our  Circuit  Court  of  the  United  States  for  the  District  of

New  Jersey,  in  the  Third  Circuit,  on  the  part  of  the  ENOCH  MORGAN’S  SONS  COMPANY,  Complainant,  that 
it  has  lately  exhibited  its  said  Bill  of  Complaint  in  our  said  Circuit  Court  of  the  United  States  for  the  District 
of  New  Jersey,  against  you,  the  said  HENRY  KOCH,  Defendant,  to  be  relieved  touching  the  matters  therein 
complained  of,  and  that  the  said

ENOCH  MORGAN’S  SONS  COMPANY,

Complainant,  is  entitled  to  the  exclusive  use  of  the  designation  “ SAPOLIO”  as  a  trade-mark  for  scouring  soap!.

l l o u i ,   © j a r i f a « , we  do  strictly  command  and perpetually  enjoin  you,  the  said  HENRY
KOCH,  your  clerks,  attorneys,  agents,  salesmen  and  workmen,  and  all  claiming  or  holding  through  or  under  you 
under  the  pains  and  penalties  which  may  fall  upon  you  and  each  of  you  in  case  of  disobedience,  that  you  do 
absolutely  desist  and  refrain  from  in  any  manner  unlawfully  using  the  word  “ SAPOLIO,”  or  any  word  or  words 
substantially  similar  thereto  in  sound  or  appearance,  in  connection  with  the  manufacture  or  sale  of  any  scouring 
soap  not  made  or  produced  by  or  for  the  Complainant,  and  from  directly,  or  indirectly,

By  word  of mouth  or  otherwise,  selling  or  delivering  as 

“ SAPOLIO,”  or  when  “ SAPOLIO”  is  asked  for,

that  which  is  not  Complainant’s  said  manufacture,  and  from  in  any  way  using  the  word  “ SAPOLIO"  in  any 
false  or  misleading  manner.

The  honorable  Melville  W.  Fuller,  Chief  Justice  c 
United  States  of  America,  at  the  City  of  Trenton 
Jersey,  this  16th  day  of  December,  in  the  year  c 
eight  hundred  and  ninety-two.

[signed]

[se a l]  

ROWLAND  COX.

C om plainants  S o licito r

the  Supreme  Court  of  the 
in  said  District  of  New 
'u r   Lord,  one  thousand

&   D.  OLIPHANT,

dark

compressed  yeast 
in  Grand  Rapids  in 
1871,  P.  Kriekaard  being  agent  at  that 
time.  Fermentum  yeast  was  introduced 
in  the  city  by  A.  Kadish  in  1873.  He 
was  succeeded  by  the  late  P.  Spitz  in 
1878.  The  Vienna  yeast  entered  this 
market  in  1885,  and  the  Red  Star  yeast 
in  1889.  At  the  present  time  there  are 
seven  companies  represented  here,  as 
follows:

The  yeast  comes  fresh  from  the  fac­
tory  every  day  and  is  delivered  to  the

Fleischmann  &  Co.  by J.  Smyth.
Riverside  Co.  by  J.  Campbell.
Vienna  Co.  by  C.  W.  Mulholland.
Red  Star  Co.  by  C.  Showalter.
A.  P.  Callahan  by  M.  C.  Goossen.
Speilman  &  Co.  by  Geo.  Robson.
Sixteen  years  ago  four wagons  were 
sufficient  to  accommodate  the  business. 
Now  eleven  wagons  are  employed  in  the 
traffic.

Sixteen  years  ago  yeast  was  an  article 
of  slow  sale,  the  demand  being  mostly 
for  dry  yeast.  Now  a  very  small  per­
centage  of  dry  yeast  is  sold,  both  bakers 
and  consumers  using  compressed  yeast. 
A  great  many  grocers  sold  yeast  in  bulk 
form  at  that  time,  but,  on  account of the 
necessity  of  its  being  exposed  to the 
dust  and  dirt,  it  was  put  up  in  tin  foil 
cakes,  which  has  proved  very  satisfac­
tory to both  grocers  and  consumers. 
It 
was  very  difficult  to  persuade  the  house­
wife  to  use  compressed  yeast  at  first, 
but  after  much  advertising  on  the  part 
of  the  yeast  companies,  it  has  been  al­
most  universally  adopted  in  every  home 
in  the  city.  Every  grocer  in  the  city 
handles  compressed  yeast and no grocery 
store  is  complete  without  it.

50

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

Fruits  and  Produce.

How  to  Buy  Apples  Successfully  and 

Profitably.

We  might  indulge  in  glittering  gener­
alities,  using  the  old  adage:  “ Goods 
well  bought  are  half  sold,’ ’  or  “ Buy 
nothing,  pack  nothing,  but strictly num­
ber  one  fruit,  if  ioo or  100,000 barrels, 
always  the  best,  etc.”   That  is  all  right 
in  theory,  but  so  many  conditions  and 
environments,  requirements  of  trade, 
etc.,  enter  into  the  profitable  purchase 
of  the  big  red  apple  that  these  theories 
fade  in  the  wash  of  practice.

Now,  as  there  are  so many  and  varied 
conditions  and  requirements  to be  con­
sidered 
in  the  purchase  of  apples,  let 
me  take  but  one  of  the  many,  basing 
my  conclusions  on  the  following  propo­
sition :

The  purchase  of  say  sixteen  to twenty 
thousand  barrels  with  a  purpose to store, 
export  or close  out  on  reaching  fair  ad­
vance  over cost.

Under 

the  heading  of  “ where  to 
buy,”   I  submit  the  following  essentia 
conditions,  all 
factors  of  more  or less 
importance:

Rates  of  freight,  car  service,  and 
w'ill  proper  cars  be  available  when  fruit 
is  ready  to  move?

Junctional  or  competing  points  that 
will  not  confine  your  outlet,  but  rather 
give  you  free  routing to the  most  avail­
able  markets.

Your cost  of  cooperage  and  facilities 
for  getting  same  without  delay,  and 
with  a  minimum  expense.

Prestige  of  acquaintance,  by  having 
in  previous 

in  the  section 

operated 
years.

Locate  on  one 

line  of  road  as  many 
stations  as  required,  concentrating  your 
operations  to  reduce  expense,and  insure 
easy  access,  central  for  the  continued 
personal  inspection  of  your own  trusted 
helpers.

I  believe  it  fallacious  to suppose  that 
a  buyer  is  going  into  a  section  to buy 
freely  and  get  any  better  fruit  than  the 
average  quality  of apples  in  the  section 
where  he  operates.  We  may  hope  tc 
get  it,  resolve  that  we  will  make  our 
careful  selections  and  let  the  other  fel­
low  take  the  poorer  stock,  but  on  the 
wind-up  you  will  only have  a  fair  aver­
age  as  to  quality.  So  I  say,  locate  if 
possible  where  the  general  average  of 
the  fruit 
is  of  a  high  grade,  otherwise 
figure  on  getting  only  an  average  and 
save  yourself  from  being  disappointed.
After carefully  considering  all  of  the 
above  conditions,  have  other sections  in 
reserve  and  fairly  well 
in  hand,  as  I 
think  your  experience  will  teach  you 
that  a  change  of  base  may  at  the  last 
moment  be  forced  upon  you.

Generally  as  soon  as  you  have  estab 
lished  firmly  and  carefully  inyourmind 
a  maximum  price,  and  fixed  your high­
est  limit,  climatic  and  trade  conditions 
may  force  you  to change  your  limit,  it’s 
true,  but  as  a  rule a prerequisite  for suc­
cessful  apple  buying  should  be  founded 
on  your  own 
ideas  of  what  you  can 
afford  to  pay  for  the  fruit,  regardless 
of,  or  perhaps  contrary  to,  the  ideas  of 
your  competitors.  Buy  when  quality  of 
the  fruit  is  fairly assured,  when  it  satis­
fies  your  careful 
it 
suits  your  wants  and  the  purposes  for 
which  the  purchases  are  designed.

inspection,  when 

The  danger  of  buying  early  before 
quality  is  fully  assured 
is  one  that 
should  be  carefully  considered,  as  the 
lower  price  is  often  more  than  offset  by 
the  quality  maturing  decidedly  inferior 
to  its  earlier promises.

As  a  rule  (on  the  basis  of quantity 
and  disposition  we  are  considering)  I 
would  say  enlist  good  local  dealers  who 
know  the  grower,  their  orchards,  and 
who  are  favorably  known  by  them,  to 
aid  you 
in  the  work.  Buy  large  or­
chards,  and  as  near each  other as  prac­
ticable,  thereby  reducing  the  expense 
of  orchard  packing  and  contributing  to 
a  more  certain  arid  w’atchful 
inspection 
of  the  work.

Buy  the  fruit  so  it  will  stay  bought. 
Have  contracts  plain,  defining  all  con­
ditions  pertaining  to  the  packing,  de­
livery,  price  and  payment  so as to avoid 
controversy.

Do  your own  packing,  if  picked  by 
the  grower.  See  well  to  it  that  the 
fruit 
is  handed  to  your  packers  as  it 
comes  from  the  trees.

Do  your  packing  if  you  expect  to  ex­

Do  your own  packing  if  you  expect  to 

port.

cold  storage.

And  finally,  do  your own  packing  if 
you  expect  to sell  from  loading  stations 
or before  the  holiday  trade.

If  your  fruit  is  so bought  and  packed, 
you  have  in  hand  stock  for any  and  all 
requirements  of  the  prospective  pur­
chaser.

Do  not  confound  my  position  with 
purposes  of  purchase  not  covered  there­
in ;  we  all  know that  there  are  multitu­
dinous  wants,  and  in  all  our markets  the 
peddler and  wagon  trade  is  more  or  less 
a  factor,  also  the  No.  2  or  lower  grade 
requirements,  all  of  which  are  not  con- 
idered.
If  you  want  20,000 barrels  of  apples 
ocate  (when  other  circumstances  are 
equal)  where  there  are  40,000 barrels  in 
your  section.

Consolidate  your  purchases.
Buy  when  the  fruit  shows plainly what 

the  quality  is  to be.

Buy  when  you  have  fixed  your  maxi­
mum  limit,  and  buy  as  much under that 
limit  as  possible. 
I  do  not  believe  that 
a  buyer  can  enter the  market  for  20,000 
barrels  of  apples,  perfect  all  his  plans 
incident  upon  such  a  purchase,  and 
change  his  mind  two or  three  times  as 
to  what  he  should  pay  before  he  has 
bought  5,000 barrels,  and  further  I  sub­
mit  to the  experience  of  the  many  large 
operators  that  almost  invariably your in­
itial  price  for  the  purchase  of  apples 
would  have  been  as  a  rule  the  price,  if 
adhered  to,  which  would  have made  you 
nearer  “ A  Successful  Apple  Buyer.”
H.  O.  Pope.

Aluminum Money

Will Increase Your Business.

Apples,  Peaches,  Pears and  Plums

34 *nd 36 Market Street end 435-437*439 Winder Street.

R.  HIRT,  Jr.,  Detroit, Mich.

If so ship to

We  have every facility for handling yonr fruits to best  advantage.  Cold  Storage  and  Freez-  ff 
i

ing Rooms in connection.  Seventy-five carload capacity.  Correspondence solicited. 

E S T A B L IS H E D   1876

S E E D S

C L O V E R   S E E D

ALL  KINDS  GRASS  SEEDS

TIM O THY  SEED
MOSELEY  BROS.

2 6 -2 8 -3 0 -3 2   OTTAW A  S T R E E T , 

Best  Qualities,  lowest  prices.

G R A N D   R A P ID S,  MICH

If  can  offer  Beans  carlots  or  less,  Potatoes,  Onions,  Apples,  Clover 

Seed,  Dried  Fruits,  write  or  telephone  us. 

Send  sam ples.

POTTLITZER  BROS.  FRUIT  CO.,

IN  F R U IT S   O F   ALL  D E SC R IP T IO N 

C O M M ISSIO N   M E R C H A N TS

Also POTATOES,  CABBAGE,  ONIONS  AND  APPLES 

In  Carload  Lots.

LA FA Y ET T E,  IIMD. 

FT .  W AYNE,  IND.

Our motto:  Quick sales and prompt remittance.

PDTBTOES  APPLES  C0 EBHGE  OPUS

M AKE  A  N O T E   O F   IT.  WE  H AND LE

C A B B A G E   NOW  W AN TED .  Q U O T E   U S .

MILLER &  TEASDALE CO.

W H OLESALE  BR O K ER S 

S T .  LO U IS,  M ISSO U RI.

Cheap and Effective.

Send for samples and  prices.
C.  H.  HANSON,

4 4   S .  Clark  St.,  Chicago,  III.

5

0

cents

MUSKEGON
AND  RETURN
Every  Sunday
VIA

G .  R .  &   I.
Train leaves  Union 
Station at 9.15  a.  m. 
Bridge Street 9.32 a. m. 
Returning leaves 
Muskegon  7.15  p.  m.

I  have a steady local  demand  for  fancy  Eggs  and 
good table  Butter and  am prepared to pay  the  highest 
market price  for same.  Quotations on application.

I  solicit  consignments  of  Honey,  Veal  and  Live 

Poultry and  pay top prices  for best stock.
98 South  Division St.,  Grand  Rapids
Butter and  Eggs==Do  you have any to Ship?

Forthepast five  years we have shipped  Butter to  the  resort  towns 
of  Northern  Michigan, and  Eggs to the  New  England  States.
In addition  to those markets we have a growing  local  demand  for 
extra goods at extra prices.  We want to arrange with  a  few  more 
customers for  regular shipments  of  fine,  fresh  stock  at  a  stated 
price on  track. 
It will  cost you only a cent to tell  us what you  are 
shipping, and get prices and  references.

STROUP  &  CARMER, 38 South Division St., Grand Rapids, Mich.

News  From  the  Metropolis—Index  to  the 

G O T H A M   GO SSIP.

Special Correspondence.

Market.

New  York,  Sept.  2—As  showing  that 
the  coffee  market  tends to  a  lower basis, 
it  was  reported  that  a  sale  of  a  thousand 
bags_  Rio  No.  7  had  been  made  to a 
-  Baltimore  firm  at  even  5c.  While  this 
lot  will  be  rather  longer  in  arriving 
than  some  others,  the  transaction  is a 
straw  which  shows  the  way  the  wind 
is 
blowing  for coffee.  The  market  general­
ly  is  easier  and  some  fair sales  of  high 
grade  Rio  have  been  made  on  lower 
offers  from  Brazil. 
It  can  be  no  other 
way  if  we  take  the  statistical  position. 
Receipts  at  Rio  and  Santos  on  Friday 
were  67,000  bags,  and  they  have  been 
running  every  day  from  50,000  bags 
It  is  said  upon  good  authority  that 
up. 
the  visible  supply  of  the  world  has 
in­
creased  during  August  about  700,000 
bags.  Jobbers  report  a  falling  off  dur­
ing  the  past  two or  three  days  in  the 
distributing  business,  orders  having 
been  rather  few  and  far between. 
In 
store  and  afloat  the  stock  aggregates 
1,227,623  bags,  against  1,054,208  bags 
at  the  same  time  last  year.  Rio  No.  7 
closes  at  5JHc.  For  mild  coffees  the 
market  is  dull  and  yet  the  tone  is  fairly 
firm,  for  holders  are  not  disposed  to 
make  further concessions.  Good  Cucuta 
is  held  at  7%@8}{c.  East India  growths 
are  steady.

,
y
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a
r
b
i
l
 

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i
l
b
u
p

 

s
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i
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g

1 he  tea  week  has  shown  some  im­
provement  over  previous ones,  and while 
there  have  been  few  important  sales, 
there  seems  to  be  a  stronger  undertone 
to  the  market  and  there  are  more  en­
quiries.  Quotations  are  practically  un­
changed.

less  active. 

For  the  present  the  trade 

in  sugar 
seems  to  be 
It  is  likely 
that  dealers  generally  are  pretty  well 
supplied  and  most  of  the  business  now 
going  forward  is  in  withdrawing  under 
old  contracts.  New  orders  are 
for 
prompt  shipment  and,  as  a  rule,  there 
is  little  if  any  delay  in  filling  orders  by 
any  of  the  refineries.  Some  soft  grades 
have  been  shaded  i-i6c,  but  no  changes 
were  made  in  hards.  For raws  the  mar­
ket  is  quiet  and  rates  are  nominal.  The 
market  is  reported  as  closely  sold  up.
is  quiet.  Jobbers 
have  good  supplies  to  fall  back  on  and 
are  waiting  now  to  see  what  there  is  in 
store.  The  movement  of  rice  at  New 
Orleans  continues  large  and  the position 
would  seem  to  favor  a  slightly  lower 
rate.  Prime to choice  domestic  is  quot­
able  at  5ffs@5^c.  Foreign  sorts  are 
unchanged.

The  rice  market 

The  spice  market  is  quiet,  with  sales 
being  made  of  an  everyday  character. 
The  exception  is  in  the  case  of  pepper, 
which  is  very  firm  and  prices  of  which 
show  steady  advancement.  Singapore, 
h ^ @ i i ^ c ;  West  Coast,  io^ @ jic.

Grocery  grades  of  New  Orleans  mo­
lasses  have  been  sought  for to  some  ex­
tent  and  the  market  is  in  pretty  good 
shape.  Open-kettle 
is  meeting  with 
more  enquiry,  although  quotations  on 
all  grades  are  about  unchanged;  unless 
it 
is  that  prime  grades  are  about  ic 
higher, 
the  range  being  up  to  28c. 
Syrups  are  steady. 
fancy 
sugar,  i8@22c.

Prime  to 

The  canned  goods  market  is  still  run­
ning  along  in  rather narrow  grooves,  as 
compared  with  previous  weeks,  and 
while  something  better was  hoped  for, 
the  general  "trend”   is  toward quietude. 
Prices  are  well  held,  however,  and  with 
the  condition  of business  as  good  as  it 
is,  canned  goods  are  bound  to  be  loved 
and  respected  as  soon  as  the  glut  of 
fresh  stuff  is  out  of  the  way.

There  is  springing  up  rather better 
enquiry  for  dried  fruit  and  the  market 
generally  is  getting 
in  rather  better 
shape,  although there  is  still  much room 
for  improvement.  The  trade  is  waiting 
for  prices  on  some  sorts  of  California 
goods,  and  it is  confidently  thought  that 
some  good  trading  will  set  in.

If  there 

Lemons  are  firm. 

is  any 
change  it  is  in  the  direction  of  higher 
prices.  Extra  fancy  Sicilys  are  now 
selling  as  high  as §6,  while  it  is  hard  to 
find  anything  at  all  below $4.75  or $5. 
Rodi  oranges  are  the  only  kind here and 
sell  from $6.50(8)7  per box.

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

51

There  is  a  steady  market  for  the  top 
grades  of  butter,  extra  Western creamery 
selling  at  21c  without  any  trouble.  Job­
bers  are  not  very  active  and  most  of 
their trade  seems  to work  off  stock  that 
has been  in  storage  a  little time.  West­
ern  creamery,  thirds  to  firsts,  i6<8:2oc ; 
extra  Western  imitation  creamery,  16% 
(«. 17c;  seconds to  firsts,  14(816c ;  West­
ern  factor}-,  June  extras,  15^0 ;  Western 
dairy,  finest,  I5j2<8;i6^c.

long  this  will  continue 

The  cheese  market  is  decidedly  firm 
and  prices  are  tending  steadily  higher. 
How 
is,  of 
course, - problematical,  but  the  outlook  is 
for  well-held  rates for some time.  Large 
size  full  cream  cheese  is  worth  n ^ c, 
with  small  size  %c  more.  Holders  do 
not  seem  at  all  anxious  to  part  with 
stock  and  the  export  trade  is  doing  bet­
ter than  for some  time.  •

Receipts  of  eggs  have  not  been  large 
and  the  demand  has  kept  the  market 
well  cleaned  up.  Western  fancy  stock 
will  bring  16^(8; 17c.  A  good  deal  of  off 
stock  is  coming  to  hand  and  the  price 
rapidly  falls  off.

Choice  marrow  beans,  $1.55;  choice 
medium,  $1.37^ ;  choice  pea,  $1.37^ 
The  general  market  is  rather  dull,  but 
as  receipts  are  rather  light  there is quite 
a  firm  feeling.

K e e p in g   T rad e  at  H om e,

Country  dealers  are  considerably 

ercised  over  the  practice  that  prevails 
of  persons  coming  to 
large  cities  to 
make  their  purchases,  but 
it  devolve: 
on  themselves  entirely  to  prevent  it.
I his  can  best  be  done  by  keeping  s 
varied  stock  and  being  content with rea­
sonable  profits. 
If  persons  can  be  con 
vinced  that  they  can  get  the  same  goods 
in  their  own  town  and 
for  as  little 
money  as  they  can  be  gotten  elsewhere, 
there  are  very few'  who  are  so  lacking  in 
loyalty  that  they  will  not  patronize  the 
home  merchant,  that 
already  been  guilty  of  something  that 
drove  awray  trade.  With  travelers  con 
tinually  on  the  road  and  catalogues  at 
all  times  handy,  there  is  no  reason  why 
country  merchants  can  not  always  be 
able  to  supply  the  wants  of  even  the 
most  fastidious  of  their townspeople.

is  unless  he  1 

Those  Who  Have  Shipped  Us  Are  ♦  
♦

Satisfied 

S T R A N G E   <&  N O K E S

W H O LE SA LE   F R U IT S . 

C L E V E L A N D .  OH IO .

RED  STAR  BRAND  CIDER  VINEGAR
is not excelled by  any vinegar on the market.  A trial will convince.
A  GUARANTEE  BOND  goes to every purchaser, warranting  its  purity 
and protecting him  in  its sale.  Let us quote you  prices.

THE  LEROUX  CIDER  AND  VINEGAR  CO.,  Toledo,  Ohio.

TIMOTHY

We are direct receivers and recleaners of Western grown Timothy.  If you  do not receive our regulai 
quotations write to-day.  Best grades and lowest prices.

ALFRED J.  BROWN  SEED CO.,

24 AND 26 N.  DIV.  ST.,  GRAND  RAPIDS, MICH.

Samples sent on application  without charge.

Vinkemulder  Company

Jobbers of

Fruits  and  Vegetables

it pays  to  atteud

¿/A//VERS/TV

More  students  of  this  school 
have  accepted  and  are  hold­
ing  paying  positions  as

BOOK-KEEPERS

STENOGRAPHERS 

AND

during  the  past  year  than 

from  any  other  business  co l­
lege  in  W estern  M ichigan  or 
all  other  business  and  short­

hand  schools 
combined. 
178  since  January,  ’ 98.

in  this  city 
is 

Our  record 

Beautiful  catalogues  free.
D.  McLachlan  &  Co.

23-25 S.  Division  St.,

Grand Rapids, Mich.

business, this kind of business,  and  induce  you  to  write  to  us—  

The  Main  Idea or  object  of  this  advertisem ent 

let  you  know  we  are 

is  to 

in 

send  us  your  orders,  perhaps.  W e ’ll  take  chances  on  pleasing 
you  so  well  that  you  will  want  to  continue  sending  us  your  or­
ders.  W e   m ake  right  prices.  W e   ship  good  goods.  W e  want 
you  to  know  it.  You  can  have  our  w eekly  market  forecast  and 
price  list  for  the  asking.

Plums, Pears and Apples are now coming in fine.

WE CAN HELP YOU MAKE MONEY

L e t  us  send  you  our $10.00 Assortment, Jewelry and Novelties, 
AMERICAN JEWELRY CO., 80-82 Canal St., Grand Rapids.

consisting  of  B elts,  Buckles,  Brooches,  B eau ty  Pins,
Collar  Buttons  and  Scarf  Pins,  or  write  us  for  samples.
W e   are  headquarters.

62

Shoes  and  Leather

Clearance  Sales  and  Window  Display  fo 

Shoe  Dealers.

Clearance  sales  have been  subjects 

is  to  get  some  special 

wide  discussion  for  a  long  period,  but 
whether  they  are  pernicious  or benefi 
cial  in  their  results  is a  question  that  i 
far  from  being  settled.  Speaking  on 
the  subject  recently  a  well-known  re 
tailer said :  “ That  a  clearance  sale  ever 
results  in  any  benefit  to a  store,  1  deny , 
that 
it  frequently  succeeds  in  driving 
away  custom  1  know  but  too  well, 
i„ 
have  had  considerable  experience 
that 
line  and  unless  I  am  absolutely 
driven  to  it  to  dispose  of  some  undesir 
able  stock,  1  never  have  recourse  to  it. 
The  accumulations  of  such  stock  during 
a  season  will  never  make  enough  in 
it 
self  for  a  sale  and  it  is,  therefore,  nec 
essary  to  add  other  lines.  The  usua 
custom 
lines 
which  are  not  as  good  as  the  regula 
lines  and  which  will  admit  of being 
marked  down  below  the  regular  prices, 
but  while  they  are  lower  in  price  they 
are  of  considerably 
less  value.  Now 
people  as  a  rule  are  not  quite  such  fools 
in  the  matter of  buying  shoes  as  is  gen 
erally  supposed;  but  when  you  do  come 
across  one  more  credulous  than  ordi­
nary,  it  is  not  good  business  to try  and 
persuade  him  that  you  are  giving  him  a 
$4  for $2. 
If  he  believe  it  at  the  time 
of the  purchase  he  will not  when he tests 
the  wear  of  the  shoes,  and  if  anything 
transpires  to  make  that  man  think  that 
he  has  been  deceived  he  is  never  likely 
to  become  a  regular  customer.  What 
happens  in  many  cases  is  this:  The  re­
turns  at  the  end  of  the quarter during 
which  a  sale  has been  held  do  not  show 
any  appreciable  advance;  a  few  more 
customers  may  have  been  served  with 
goods  at  lower  prices  than  usual,  which 
may  be  just  as  profitable  to  the retailer, 
but  which  do  not  do his  reputation  for 
genuine  lines  any  good. 
is, 
however,  more  satisfaction  in  selling a 
fairly  good  shoe  at  §2.50 or  $3  than  in 
selling  a  much  inferior  one  at  $2  or 
$2.25,  and  for this  reason,  in  my  opin­
ion,  the  best  way  to  clear off  odd  lots  of 
unsalable  goods,  whether  they  be  few 
or many,  is to  keep  them  by  themselves 
in  one  of  the  windows  or  in  a  part  of 
the  window,  and  dispose  of  them  at  re­
duced  prices  to  clear them  out  without 
upsetting  the  regular  business  of  the 
shop  altogether,  and  trying  to  lead  cus­
tomers to  imagine  they  are  getting  what 
in  reality  they  do  not  get.’ ’

There 

*  *  *

Success in  any  branch  of  business  will 
never be  attained  by  waiting  for it.  To 
achieve 
it  the  merchant  must  be  pre­
pared  to  avail  himself of  every  oppor­
tunity,  and  not  only  that,  he  must  make 
the  opportunities.  The  show  window 
offers  him  a  wide  scope  in  this  direc­
tion.  By  its  instrumentality  he  can  give 
the  public  an  idea  of  what  his store con­
tains  and  the  prices  he  is  prepared  to 
sell  at,  and  having  thus  created  the  op­
portunity,  he  can  avail  himself of  it  to 
the  utmost  when  he  gets  the  intending 
purchaser  inside  the  store.  By  thus 
putting  his  brains  and  energy  together 
things  can  be  kept  stirring  at  a  lively 
rate  when  they  would  probably  stagnate 
if  left  to themselves. 
It  is  such  a  vast 
world,  with  so  many  people  in  it  who 
are  eagerly  waiting  for  all  the  good 
things,  that  it  requires  some  spirit  and 
ingenuity to appropriate  any  of them  to 
oneself,  and  yet  this  is  just  what  makes 
success  worth  while  and  appreciated 
when  attained.

Making  the  window  and  store  attract 
ive  is an  essential  to  success  that  does 
not  receive  the  amount  of  consideration 
it  deserves. 
It  may  be  said,  however 
that  the  merchant  who  neglects  to  do  so 
is always  lagging  behind  in  the  race  for 
supremacy,  his  store  deserted  and  his 
clerks,  if  he  has  any,  standing  listlessl 
around.  The  public  now  insists  upon 
being  shown  goods  in  a  way  that  w 
attract  and  the  merchant  who  fails  to dc 
so  need  not  be  surprised  if  people  go 
where  their  tastes  will  be  gratified.  En 
terprising  merchants  realize  this  fact 
and  prepare  for  it  by  various  devices 
which  attract  people  to their store.  They 
re  not  content  with  simply  having 
goods  at  right  prices;  they  know  the 
public  expects  something more  and  they 
cater to  it  by  making  special  efforts  on 
/articular  occasions.  Of  course  the 
elaborate  displays  entail  avast  expendi 
ture  of time,  labor and  some  money,  but 
this  is  found  to  be  unavoidable 
in  the 
. resent  spirit  of  the  times,  and  mer 
chants  have  the  satisfaction  of  knowing 
that  the  results  achieved  invariably  j 
ify  the  expense.

*  *  *

Feeling 

gned  for  the  change 

is  beginning  to  run  high  in 
the  matter  of  branded  shoes  and  may 
cause  friction  between  manufacturers 
nd  retailers  before 
long.  The  latter 
claim  that  the  brands  at  present  in  use 
serve  only  to advertise  the  makers  while 
they  are  anxious to  retain  the  credit  for 
themselves  both  as  to  the  quality  and 
durability of the  shoes  they  sell.  If  that 
was  the  only  reason  that  retailers  as- 
it  is  not  likely 
that  much  attention  would  be  paid  to 
t,  but a  still stronger  reason  is  urged  by 
them,  viz.,  that  when  two  retailers  are 
selling  the  one  brand  of  shoes,  if  one  of 
them  is  disposed  to  lower the  price,  the 
other  would  be  compelled  to do  so  in 
self-defense  or else  permit  his  trade  to 
slip  through  his  fingers. 
It  is  claimed, 
therefore,  that  if each  retailer named  his 
own  brand,  such  ruinous  proceedings 
could  be  avoided,  as  the  public  would 
if  they  were  the  same  shoes 
not  know 
hen  they  were  paraded  under a  differ­
ent  name,  and  one  retailer  would  not 
have  to  cut  his  prices to  suit  the  vaga- 
es  of  another.  The  question  is  at  any 
rate  worthy  of  calm  consideration  by 
manufacturers  and  it  is  hoped  that  steps 
ill be  taken  to prevent any friction aris­

ing.—Shoe  and  Leather  Gazette.

thus 

A  curious  episode  of  Parisian  domes- 
c  life  has  just  been  revealed  by  the 
courts.  Two  families  living  in  the  Rue 
Rivoli  determined  to  join  forces  and  set 
up  housekeeping, 
lessening  ex­
penses.  The  arrangement  did  not  last 
long.  There  was  a  break-up,  and  each 
husband  went  off to  live  in  undisturbed 
felicity—with  the  other  man’s  wife. 
Double  divorces  were  soon obtained  and 
two  fresh  marriages  celebrated.  Finally 
the  children  in  the  case  constituted  the 
element  of  dissension 
in  the  harmony 
of  the  new  arrangement.  One  of the 
husbands,  who  had  three  of  his  own  by 
the  first  wife,  volunteered  to  take  the 
two  children  of the  second  wife  by  her 
first  husband  also  under  his  care.  But 
before 
long  the  fond  father and  foster 
father  began  to  find  that  his  household 
was  rather  expensive,  and  after trying 
in  vain  to  have  the  other couple  con­
tribute  their share  for the  support  of the 
children,  brought  an  action  against  his 
former wife  and  his  wife’s  former  hus­
band  for  45,000  francs,  being  half the 
amount  expended  by  him  on  the  chil­
dren  since  the  two  divorces  and  subse­
quent  weddings.  The  court  dismissed 
the  claim  on  the  ground  that  “ the  duty 
devolving  on  parents  of  bringing  up 
their children  is  not  a  matter of  solidar- 
jity .”

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

We  Manufacture 
Shoes

We  put  the  best  that  money 
can buy  into  them.  We  use 
first-class  material,  employ 
skilled  labor,  use  up-to-date 
machinery,  and  back  up  the 
whole busicess with long years 
of  experience. 
Everything 
that enters into the making of 
our shoes is first class;  the re­
sult  is first-class.  Our shoes 
are  right. 
They  will  bring 
you trade.  Try them.

sHEROLD-BERTSCH  SHOE  CO.,  Mfrs.y  Grand  Rapids, Mich.

S nedicor  &  H athaway 
shoes  have  a  good  reputa­
tion— but  not  a  whit  better 
If  they 
than  they  deserve. 
weren’t  good,  we  wouldn’t  keep  right  on  selling 
them,  season  after  season,  to  the  same  old  people. 
But  we  do— and  a  trial  order  will  show  you  very 
clearly  why  we  do

19 SOUTH IONIA STREET, 
QRAND RAPIDS, MICH.
REMOVED

GEO. H.  REEDER & CO.,

AT HOME. 10-22  N.  IONIA ST .

If you want  the  best  Leather 
Top  Lumbermen’s  Rubber 
made,  buy  our  “Ajax.” 
It  is 
made of duck, with  rolled edge, 
and  oil  grain  top,  heel  and 
spring.

R IN D G E.  KALM BACH, 

LOGIE  &  C O ..

^Tn n n m rff o'6 6 'a a a m r m n n re  ¡q

G R A N D   R A P I D S .

y g in m n n n n r g g  m rm nnnnf y  a a a a a

BUY
GOLD  SEAL 
RUBBERS

. 
C tA J m 8 8 lllllH H IIIliH m f t g lV   made.  Send for price list to

_ 

They are  Pure Gum and  the  best

383-384 east water street,

B>y e a r  RUBBER CO.,

.LLIS, Western Manager.

Jlgggg.ggJU LgJU Lg.ggg P g g g g P P P P P P P P P P P P O O o o oo 0!

M ILW AUKEE,  W IS. 

«

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

SHOE  TRADE.

Change#  Which  a  Dozen  Years  Have Wit- 

neHsed.

I  am  asked  by  the  Tradesman  to  pre- 
pare  a  review  of  the  wholesale  shoe 
trade  of  Grand  Rapids  for the  past  six­
teen  years. 
1  would  be  only  too glad  to 
comply  with  the  request  but  for the  fact 
that  1  have  been 
identified  with  the 
trade  for  only  twelve  years  and  am, 
therefore,  ineligible  to  accept  the  as­
signment  exactly as  given.  What  1  shall 
say,  therefore,  will  apply  only  to  the 
past  dozen  years.

It  is  surprising  to  look  back  and  note 
the  growth  of  the  shoe  trade  since  1887. 
At  that  time  there  was  but  one  whole­
sale  house  in  the  city.  Now  there  are 
four  houses,  all  of  which  conduct  an  in­
creasing  and  prosperous business.

Twelve  years  ago there  was  only  one 
house  manufacturing  any  goods.  To­
day  there  are  three  well-equipped facto­
ries,  which  are  turning  out  as  good 
goods  as  can  be  manufactured  in  any 
city,  and  the  volume  of  their sales  is

tom  now,  and  there  is  certainly  a  tend­
ency  to a  little  advance  in  price,  which 
1  think  both  the  wholesale  and  retail 
trade  would  be  glad  to  see,  because  it 
will  get  us  out  of  some  of the  ruts  that 
have  prevented  our  making  the  money 
we  should  make  on such lines.  We ought 
to  make  some  money  in  the  next  fi 
years  to  offset  the  losses  the  trade  has 
sustained  since  the  panic  days  of  1893
One  of  the  most  notable improvements 
in  the  shoe  trade  in  this  city  is  the  new 
and  beautiful  building  recently  erected 
and  equipped  by  the  oldest  wholesa 
house 
in  the  city.  Of  course,  I  refe 
to  the  building  of  Rindge,  Kalmbach 
Logie  &  Co.,  which 
is  a  credit  to  the 
town  and  a  standing  monument  to  the 
enterprise,  aggressiveness  and  solidi 
of  its  owners.

The  five  jobbing  houses  here  handle 
six  of  the 
lines  of  rubbers 
carrying  full  stocks  in  all  styles  and 
sizes.

leading 

A  noticeable  change  in  the  last  dozen 
years  has  been  the  matter  of  credits,

W hen  people  com m ence  to  say, 
D o n ’ t  go  to  B lan k ’ s;  he  keeps 
horrid  shoes,”   the  sheriff  is  look­
ing  in  B lan k ’ s  direction. 
“ Horrid 
the  dealer 
cheap,  but  they  are  expensive  in 
the  end. 
T here  has  never  been  a 
bad  word  said  about

shoes  m ay  com e 

to 

TAPPAN
SHOES

53

MNUMMMMAMWfe

Prompt
Shipment

Those of you who have been 
doing  business  with  us  for 
years have probably  noticed 
that  we  fill  your  orders  a 
great  deal  more  promptly 
than we used to.  Those who 
are  new 
customers  are 
pleased  to  find  that  we  are 
so prompt.

less  business 

This is not because we are 
doing 
than 
formerly-  we are doing more 
and  more  every  year—but 
because we realize that when 
people  order  goods 
they 
want  them  and  want  them 
quickly.

Therefore we  are  making 
a special  effort to give every 
order, small or  large, imme­
diate  attention  and  prompt 
shipment.

Let us have yours.

Valley  City 
Milling  Co.,

Grand  Rapids, Mich.

TAPPAN  SHOE  MFG.  CO.,

T o o   much  good  cannot  be  said 
about  them. 
T h ese  goods  should 
find  a  place  in  your  store.  W rite 
for  price  list.

Sole Manufacturers of  “LILY  WHITE,” 
|wmnnfnffnrmnftffnfmnnffwnfnfnnfffmwnfnfnrt5
| G E f   TH E  B E S T !

"The floor the best cooks ose.”

COLDWATER,  MICH.

constantly  increasing,  notwithstanding 
the  increase  of  the  number of  houses do­
ing  business  in  the  same  line.  Grand 
Rapids  has  come  to  be  regarded  as  a 
shoe  center of  no small importance.  The 
retail  trade  is  increasing  in  numbers  in 
greater  proportion  than  the  wholesale, 
inasmuch  as there  are  three  places  sell­
ing  shoes  now  where  there  was  one 
twelve  years  ago.  There are  also a  great 
many  larger  and  finer  stores  carrying 
larger stocks,  with  up-to-date  styles  and 
modem  methods of  doing  business.

During  this  period  we  have  passed 
through  the  greatest  panic  the  country 
has ever known. 
It  was  especially  hard 
on  the  shoe  trade,  both  wholesale  and 
retail ;  furthermore,  we  have  just  passed 
through  a  period  of  rapid  changes  in 
styles,  which  now  seems  to  be  about 
over,  and  there  is  a  demand  for a  much 
better  grade  of  shoes  than  there  has 
been  for the  past  few  years.

Shoes  are  more  than  25  per  cent, 
cheaper than  they  were twelve years ago. 
It  seems  as  if they had  reached  th  ebot-

inasmuch  as  more  dealers  are  now  dis­
counting  their  bills  than  ever  before. 
This  policy  could  also  be  pursued  by 
still  other  dealers  with  profit  to  them­
selves  and  all  concerned.  The  trade  is 
buying  in  smaller quantities  and buying 
more  frequently,  but  the  volume  of  pur­
chases  is  about  the  same  as before.

Geo.  H.  Reeder.

New  Line  in  Hardware.

It  is  now  proposed  to  introduce  sew­
ing  machines  into the  hardware  trade. 
Such  introduction  has  been made in sev­
eral  Eastern  cities,  and  has  met  with 
considerable  success.  There  seems  to 
be  a  good  reason  in  the  movement,  as 
there  certainly  is  a  profit.  Sewing  ma­
chines  are  now  generally  sold  on  com­
mission  by  agents,  and  some  objections 
might  be  encountered  at  first,  but  this 
would  wear away  in  time  and  the  hard­
ware  man  would  find  a  good  business  in 
handling  them,  if only as  a  side  line.

A  busy man’s time  is valuable.  If  you 
take  such  a  man’s  time  without  good 
reason  you  are  obtaining  money  under 
false  pretenses.

,Ow=
enOQOYEAFfe 

r r > ^

GOODYEAR  GLOVE  RUBBERS 
can  be  purchased  at  2 5  and  5  off  from 
new  price list.  Write

; 
= 
= 
\  HIRTH,  KRAUSE & CO., Grand  Rapids  |

^

3

Of  course  we  know  that  the 
Spices  we  manufacture  are  the 
best on the  market;  and  judging 
from  the  number of orders we re­
ceive  daily,  there  are  thousands 
of merchants  who  know what we 
say is true. 
If you will send your 
jobber  an  order  for  N o r t h r o p  
S p i c e s   then  you  will  know what 
we say is true.
NORTHROP, ROBERTSON & CARRIER. Laaslag, Mick.

MICHIGAN

TRADESMAN^

Why  Goods  Declined — Reasons  for  th 

Present  Advances.

I here 

is 

little, 

if  any,  comparison 

between  the  way  hardware  business 
conducted  now  and  sixteen  years  ago 
So  many  changes  take  place  each  ye 
that it  is  impossible  to  enumerate  them 
and  then  only  a  few  main  points  can  f 
touched  upon.

A  stock  of  hardware  sixteen  yea 
iron,  cut  nails,  b; 

ago  consisted  of 
iron,  horse  shoe  bars,  nail  rods  and 
plain  wire.  House trimmings  consiste 
largely  of  japanned locks,  latches,  chea, 
knobs  and  cast  iron  butts.  To-day  the 
is  really  a  thing  t 
hardware 
beauty. 
locks 
knobs,  butts  and  other  house  trimming 
have  replaced  the  cheap  goods  and  that 
too,  at  prices 
than 
the  cheap  goods  at  that  time  com 
manded.

store 
Beautiful  designs 

scarcely  more 

in 

Hardware  is  a  progressive  business 
New  inventions  and  new  styles  are  con 
tinually  taking  the  place  of  old  ones 
Improved  machinery  has  done  away  t< 
a  large  extent  with  the  old  style  good 
and  has  had  much  to  do  with  the  long 
and  continuous  decline  in  prices  for the 
last  sixteen  years.  The  year  1899,  s< 
far,  is  marked  as  a  year  in  which i 
great  many  changes  have  taken  place 
Manufactories  have  had  a  tendency  tc 
consolidate  their  several  interests  for the 
purpose  of  realizing  somewhat  more sat 
isfactory  margins;  the  prices  that  have 
heretofore  been  steadily  declining  are 
now  advancing.  I'he  advances  this  yea 
have  not  been  due  altogether to the  com 
binations  or the  so-called  trusts,  but  the 
demand  has  been  very  much  greate 
than  for  some  years  past  and  export 
trade  has  affected  the  market  material­
ly.  Perhaps  the  greatest  change  has 
been  made  in  the  method  of  doing  busi­
ness.  That  change  is  now  taking  place 
and  is  already  in  effect  on  a  large  num­
ber of articles,  and  especially  on  staple 
goods—that  is,  in  the  terms  of  payment. 
Heretofore  it  was  customary to sell goods 
on  60 days’  time,  subject  to  a  cash  dis­
count  if  paid  within  ten  days  from  the 
date  of  the 
invoice.  This  has  been 
changed  and  goods  are  billed  net  at  ac­
tually  the  price  that  the  invoice  is  in­
tended  to  be  settled  for,  and the  extreme 
limit  of  time  now  is  thirty  days.  This 
state  of  affairs  would  at  first  seem  like  a 
hardship,  but 
careful  examination  of 
the  results  of  such  action  will  show  the 
w’isdom  of  the  method,  which  the  most 
conservative  manufacturers  and  many 
jobbers  have  decided  to  adopt  as  being 
a  move  in  the  right  direction.

Changes  in  the  hardware  business  in 
Grand  Rapids  during  the  last  sixteen 
years  have  been  quite  marked,  and  hap­
pily  they  all  have  a  tendency  towards 
an  improved  condition.  With  two  first- 
class  jobbing  houses  and  plenty  of  first- 
class  retail  houses  in  the  city,  the  sev­
eral 
lines  of  hardware  are  represented 
here  as  well  as  in  the  large  cities,  and 
at  prices  that  are  strictly  competitive.
As  a  jobbing  point  in  the  line  of  hard­
ware,  Grand  Rapids  now  stands  second 
to  none  in  Michigan  or the  West.

J.  J.  Rutka.

American  Cutlery  in  England.

It  certainly  sounds  rather astonishing 
learn  that  the  enemy’s quarter has 
to 
been 
invaded  to  such  an  extent  that 
American  cutlery  is being  sold  in  Shef­
field,  England.  The 
latter  place  has 
for  so 
long  been  supposed  to  be  the 
headquarters  of  the  cutlery  industry  that 
it  seems  incredible  that  England  could 
be 
losing  her  prestige  in  this  manner.

It  has  been thought impossible, for a long 
time  at  least,  to  rival  Sheffield  in  the 
cheapness  and  quality  of the  goods  pro 
duced  there.  Any  one  who  would  have 
had  the  temerity  to  intimate  some  years 
ago  that  they  could  be  outdone  would 
have  been  considered  very  foolish.

But  all  this was^before the irrepressible 
American  began  to  attain  such  pre-emi 
nence 
in  the  world  of  trade.  A  well 
known  contemporary  has begun  to ques 
ion  just  how  long  Americans  will  con 
inue  to  “ carry  coals  to  New  Castle.’ 
Modern  locomotives  are  also  being 
shipped  to England,  and  every  shipload 
'f  goods  outward  bound  finds 
itself 
made  up  to  a  considerable  extent  o 
things  which  it  was  never  supposed 
England  would  one  day  seek  abroad.  It 
s  hard  to tell  just  now  where  the  drift 
of  American  ascendancy  will  end,  al 
though,  of  course,  it  must  reach  a  limi 
n  the  course  of  human  events.
As  is  well  known,  England’s  list  of 
mports  is  constantly  growing,  while  he 
ist  of  exports  is  decreasing  in  propor 
tion.  How long  can  she  stand  the  drain 
When  drawing  water  from  a  cask  it  is 
absolutely  certain  to be  emptied  soon  i 
t  isn’t  refilled.  England  still  mana 
ges  to  maintain  a  prosperous front,  part­
ly  because  the  decline  of  her  commerce 
‘s  so  gradual  that  a  crisis  has  not  yet 
been  reached.  Her carrying  trade  is  one 
source  of  reimbursement  for her extrava­
gant  outgo,  and  her  foreign  investments 
another,  but  these  do not  make  good  to 
her  people  the  tremendous  loss  of  em- 
loyment  they  must  suffer by purchasing 
¡uch  an  enormous  bill  of  goods  from 
abroad  as  her account  shows  at  the  end 
f  each  year.  There  are  some  things 
diich  are  radically wrong  in Great Brit- 
in.  The  landed  gentry  do  not  suffer at 
ast  as  yet  from  such  a  condition  of 
ffairs,  but  the  poor  laborers  and  their 
mi lies  who  are  dependent  for  their 
sustenance  upon  the  wages  made  possi- 
le  by  continued  employment,  how  can 
they  stand  to  have  such  great  quantities 
if  goods  purchased 
from  abroad?— j 
Stoves  and  Hardware  Reporter.

Use  of Corundum  Increasing.

Within  the 

last  few  years  the  use  of 
corundum  has  greatly  increased,  partly 
a  result  of the  discovery  of  corundum 
deposits  in  North  Carolina  and Georgia. 
More  recently  it  has been  found  in  On­
tario.  Originally corundum was obtained 
lmost  exclusively  in  India.  Ranking 
xt  to the  diamond  in  hardness,  it  has 
long  been  employed  for  grinding  gems 
and  other hard  materials.  The  use  of 
corundum  wheels  is  now  much  more 
general  than  formerly.  As 
is  well 
known,  these  wheels  are  made  of corun­
dum  grains  firmly  cemented  together, 
and  are  said  to be  twice  as  effective and 
rable  as  emery  wheels.  They  are 
mployed  instead  of  steel  files  for  cut- 
lg  down  metal  surfaces,  and  in  place 
grindstones  for sharpening  tools. 
It 
said  that  a  corundum wheel will grind 
off  a  pound  of  iron  in  one-eighth  of  the 
me  and  at  one-seventh  of  the  cost 
ired  to  do  the same work  with a file.
Regulating  Department  Stores.

In  France  a  discriminating  tax  has 
imposed  on  department  stores  in 
been 
the 
interest  of  small  retail  stores,  and 
the  matter  has  recently been  persistently 
urged 
in  Germany.  The  proposals  in 
Germany  looked  to a  special progressive 
tax  on  all  mercantile  establishments that 
sell  at  retail  goods  of  several  different 
kinds,  the  tax  to  vary  with  the  amount 
of business  done  annually  and  the  num­
ber  of  different  kinds  of  merchandise 
kept  for  sale. 
The  revenue  derived 
from  such  tax  was  to  go  to  the  local 
treasury  of  the  city  in  which  the depart­
ment  store  was  located.

Roofing  Up-to=Date

O N E

R O L L

W I L L

C O V E R

100

S Q U A R E

F E E T

O F

S U R F A C E

A N D

I S

E A S I L Y

A P P L I E D .

T H E   L A T E S T  

T H I N G  

IN

M E T A L

R O O F I N G .

N O

C H A R G E  

F O R  

T O O L S  

A N D   N O  

R E T U R N  

O F

S A M E .

Price $2.50 a Square

W e   G iv e   Y o u   T h e  T o o ls.

I  ONE  SET  OF  TOOLS  WITH 
I  

EVERY  10  SQUARES.

| |   W R IT E   FO R   C IR C U L A R S   A N D   F U L L   DE- 
ig 

S C R IP T IO N   H OW   T O   P U T   ON.

FOSTER,  STEVENS  &  CO.,

MICHIGAN.

D O N ’T  buy  Plated  Silverware, 

Clocks or  Holiday  Goods, 

until  you  have consulted  our 1899 

Fall  Catalogue.

—  T he  m ost  com p lete  Book  out.

W R IT E   FOR  IT  NOW .

The  Regent  Mfg.  Co.

Jackson  and  M arket. 

CHICAGO.

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

55

We  M ake. . . .

® oo«ooo000000000000000000000000000000000000000000003

Peppermint  Oil  Cans

W rite  for  Prices.

WM.  BRUMMELER  &  SONS,

360 South Ionia St., Grand Rapids, Mich.

Tinware Manufacturers

Ti)e Occidental

W. H. 

Proprietor.

5 
? 

Leading  Motel.  E v e rs in e - Flrst- 
class.  Rotes,  $2  to  $3  per  Day,.

iAus^eoron, Aid).

®000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 3

If You Would  Be a Leader
facsimile Signature  <5
\  COMPRESSED 

handle  only  goods of  V A L U E .
If you are satisfied to remain  at 
the tail end,  buy cheap unreliable 
goods.

^  without  ^  0. <*_
tA*

■ V  yeast

«I?«. 
*- 

.°!ir 

WHEN YOU WANT A GOOD SMOKE

N O T IC E   T H IS  BRAND

COLUM BIAN  CIG A R   COMPANY«  B E N T O N   H A R B O R ,  M ICH.

M A N U F A C T U R E D   B Y

Good Yeast  Is Indispensable.

in 
1$ 

Under  T heir  YELLOW  LABEL  O ffer  the  BEST! 

FLEISCHMANN  &  CO.

Grand Rapids Agency, 39 Crescent Ave. 
Detroit Agency, 111 West Larned St. 

¡y
U|

^ E a s a s a s a s s B s a s a s a a s E s a s a s E s a s E S E s a s a s a s a s a s H S é iiia ^

The  King  of  Light

If you  need  light, when  you  need  light,  you  need 
light that will  light you up

The  Sunlight 

Cheaply,  Brilliantly, Quickly

Gasoline  Lamp

is  cheaper  than  kerosene.  More  brilliant 
than electricity.

The  Insurance Underwriters say that  it  is  pj 

perfectly safe by writing policies  on  it with­
out  one  cent  of  extra  premiums.  Money 
talks. 
Stores,  Churches,  Residences' 
Lodges,  Halls,  Hotels,  Offices 
and Shops  cannot  afford  to  be 
without it.

.JgaL 
[Hi 

You will be  sorry  if  you  fix

your winter lighting before writing to us.

Owing to  excessive  orders we  have  been  unable  to  keep  in  stock; 
but we have lately increased our facilities so as to enable  us to fill all future 
orders promptly.  Moneymaking terms to local agents.

Michigan  Light  Co.,

23 Pearl Street,

Grand Rapids, Mich.  ^
S5 S5 s !D

This book teaches farmers to make better butter.  Every pound 
of butter that is better made  because  of  its  teaching,  benefits  the 
grocer  who  buys  it  or  takes it  in trade.  The book is not an adver­
tisement,  but  a  practical  treatise,  written  by  a  high authority on 
butter  making. 
It  is  stoutly  bound  in  oiled  linen  and  is mailed 
free  to  any  farmer  who  sends  us  one  of  the coupons which are 
packed in every bag of

Diamond  Crystal

Butter Salt

Sell the suit that s ull suit and  give  your  customers  the  means

B h they can learn to make gilt-edge  butter  and  furnish  them 

A M O N D   C R Y S T A L   S A L T   C O .,  S t   C la ir,  M ich

; finest and most profituble salt to put in  it.

0

0
0
0
0
0

56

W HOLESALE  GROCERY  TRADE.

The  Business  on  a  Progressive  and  Sub­

stantial  Basis.

The  seventeenth  anniversary  of  the 
Michigan  Tradesman  comes  at  a time of 
general  prosperity 
in  the  wholesale 
grocery  business,  and  I  believe  that  the 
Michigan  Tradesman  has  materially  as­
sisted  in  that  prosperity.  The  Michi­
gan  wholesale  grocers  extend  a  cordial 
and  friendly  word  of  commendation  for 
the  past  and  good  wishes  for the  future.
I  believe  that  we  shall  continue  to  en­
is  a  matter of 
joy  co-operation,  as  it 
co-operation  and 
self-interest. 
assistance 
is  great 
friendly 
strength. 
In  single-handed,  selfish  ac­
tion  there  are  weakness  and  deteriora­
tion. 
It  is  especially  so  in  reference  to 
our  Grand  Rapids  market,  as  applied 
to  the  wholesale  grocery  business,  as  the 
formation  of  our  Peninsular  State  pre­
vents  territorial  expansion  that  other 
markets  enjoy.  Therefore,  we  must  de­
pend  upon  the  personal,  physical  and

there 

In 

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

ditions,  better  wage  conditions  and 
better  credit  conditions. 
I  would  also 
suggest  that  the  merchants,  both  whole 
sale  and  retail,  who are  large  customers 
and  shippers  over  Michiagn  railroads 
join  hands  for  the  purpose  of creating 
and  maintaining  better  freight  rate  con 
ditions.  They  should  assist  the  mana 
gers  of  railroads  in  getting  a  trunk  li 
basis  of  freight  rates.  By  so  doing,  we 
would  be  upon  a  competing  basis  wi 
outside  markets,  and  the  greater  vol 
ume  of  business  secured  would  lessen 
the  cost  to  the  consumer and  every  resi 
dent  of the  city  and  State  would be  ben 
efited.  Within  the  life  of the  Michigan 
Tradesman  rail  lines  into this  city  have 
changed  from  stubs to carriers of through 
freight  from  our great  Northwest,  and 
the  rapid  development  of  that  portion 
of  our country will  bring  more  and  more 
through  shipments  and  great  trunk  lines 
will  soon  be  the  result;  in  fact,  we  are 
now  upon  trunk 
lines,  but  are  not  yet 
reaping  the  full  benefit  of  the  changed

The Best of Reasons  w hy  you  should  be 
prejudiced  in  faver  of

i.  The generating capacity is larger than any other Gen­
erator on the market, holding  i lb. carbide to %  foot burner.
а.  Our  carbide  container  is  a  compartment  pan,  with 
pockets holding from  i to 3  lbs. each,  the water  acting  on 
but one at a time, thus no heating or wasting of gas.

3.  There are no valves to  be  opened  or  closed  by  forks, 

4.  Our Gasometer has no labor to perform, thus insuring 

ratchets or levers.  It is extremely simple and is sure.

at all times the same even pressure.

5-  All pipes are self-draining to the  condens­
7-  The  Bruce  Generator,  when  left  to  do its 

б.  Our  Gasometers  for  same  rat-d  capacity 
are the largest  on  the  market, and  will  hold  a 
large supply.  It saves.

ing chamber.

own work, will not  blow off  or waste  the  gas.
8.  Not least, hut greatest  Our Purifier takes 
out all moisture  and  impurities  from  the  gas, 
laking it impossible for pipes to clog up or the 
burners to choke up and smoke.
BRUCE GEIERITOR CO.. lira. 183- IK ». 3d 81., 81. Paul. 1100.
W E   A R E   T H E   P E O P L E

Agents lor Mich. 

AMERICAN CARBIDE CO., 

Jackson.

Profiting by  the experience  of 
the numerous generators  which 
have been  put  on  the  market 
during  the  past  two  years,  we 
have succeeded  in  creating  an 
ideal generator on  entirely  new 
lines, which we have designated 
as the

TURNER
GENERATOR

If  you  want  the  newest,  most 
economical  and  most  easily 
operated  machine,  write  for 
quotations  and  full  particulars.
TURNER & HAUSER,!

121 OTTAWA ST., 
GRAND RAPIDS.

State  rights for sale

Here  It  Isl

The Holmes Generator

Just what you  have  been  looking  for.  The  latest 
the best, the safest, the most durable and most sav­
ing of carbide on the market  It  has  the  improve­
ments  long  sought  for  by  all  generator  manu­
facturers.  No  more wasted  gas,  no  over  heating, 
no smoke, no coals on  burners.  Only  one-tenth as 
much  gas  escapes  when  charging  as  in  former 
machines and you  cannot  blow  it  up.  It’s  safe, 
it s simple.  It is sold under a guarantee.  You put 
the carbide in and the machine does the  rest.  It is 
perfectly automatic.  A   perfect and steady light at 
all  times  No  flickering  or  going  out  when 
charged.  Do not  buy  a  Generator  until  you  have 
seen this.  You  want  a  good  one  and  we  have 
it.  Its   made  for  business.  Fully  approved  by 
Board  of  Underwriters.  Catalogue  and  prices 
cheerfully sent on application.  Experienced acety- 
iene gas agents wanted.  1  United territory for sale. 
Also dealers in Carbide,  Fixtures, Fittings, Pipe.

if  public 

mental  activity  of  all  interested  and  by 
merit  secure  and  maintain a  large  por­
tion  of our  local  trade.  The  old  adage, 
“ There 
is  no  royal  road  to  wealth,’ ’  is 
as  certain  to-day  as  it  was  one  hundred 
years  ago. 
Industry,  based  upon  intel­
ligent  and  persistent  effort,  will  surely 
bring  its  reward.  This  persistent  indus­
try  should  be  extended  along  many lines 
and, 
sentiment  could  be 
created  that  would  bring  to  our  local 
merchants  more  patronage  than  they 
have  at present  and  lessen the  patronage 
that  is  extended  by our  people  to  other 
markets,  it  would  be  of  great  benefit. 
If  I  could  have  my  way about  it,  the 
owners  of  factories .and  blocks  rented  to 
retailers,  bankers  and  professional  men 
and,  in  fact,  all  of  our  citizens,  would 
buy  all  of  their  family  supplies  from 
home  retailers  and  thereby  establish 
more  firmly  local  prosperity.  Manufac­
turers  would  continue  to  act  and  pro­
gress  along 
lines  of  friendly  co-opera­
tion, 
lately  partially  established,  and 
the  result  would be  better dividend  con-

conditions. 
In  my  opinion,  the  time  is 
near  at  hand  when  Grand  Rapids  will 
be  recognized  by  the  freight bureaus  as 
being a  trunk  line  town,  which  recogni­
tion,  coupled  with  the  improvement  of 
Grand  River,  will  place  Western  Mich­
igan  upon  a  better  freight  basis  than  we 
have  heretofore  enjoyed.  Grand  Rapids 
wholesale  grocers  are  all  well  estab­
lished ;  they  have  ample  capital ;  they 
have  the  brightest  of  traveling  repre­
sentatives ;  they have  the  confidence  of 
their trade,  and  I  sanguinely predict  a 
continuation  of a  reasonably  substantial 
merchandising  condition.

William Judson.

She  Thought  He  Meant  It.

The  little  yacht  was becalmed  and  he 
suggested  that  she  whistle  for  some 
wind.

I  m  afraid to,’ ’  she  replied.

“ Why?’ ’  he  asked.

I  can  t  tell  what  you’ll  do when  I 
get  my  lips  all  puckered  up,’ ’  she  an­
swered.

• « i,^ on t  do a  thing, ’ ’  he  promised.

Then  I  won’t  whistle,”   she retorted.

— —

New  Prices

on Bicycle 
Sundries

Dealers of Michigan are  requested  to  drop 
ns a card asking for  our July  ist  discount 
sheet  on  Bicycle  Sundries,  Supplies,  etc. 
Right  Goods,  Low  Prices  and  Prompt 
Shipments will continue  to  be  our  motto. 
Dealers who are not next  to  us  on wheels 
and sundries are invited to correspond.

ADAMS & HART,

12  W.  Bridge  S t , 

Grand  Rapids,  Mich. 

Wholesale Bicycles and Saadriea.

Holmes-Bailey  Acetylene  Gas Co.

Mantes, Miclhgaa.

The Howwhowhat.

In  has  been  said  that,  unquestionably  beyond 
reach of successful contradiction,  more  retail  mer­
chants  make a failure of  their  business  from  for­
gotten charges, caused by lack of  systematic  man­
agement,  than  from  all  other  causes  combined, 
which statement leads one to think things ought to 
change;  but  how?  By  whom  and  what?  First, 
How ?  By introducing a  system  to  this  class  of 
business men  that insures them  against  the  possi­
bility of  a  forgotten  charge,  used  in  connection 
with a system for retailers which saves the  profits, 
only  from  which  are  fortunes  made.  Second, By 
whom?  By the Egry  Autographic  Register  Co., 
who plan systems for retailers in all  lines  of  busi­
ness, enabling them to save the profits by  stopping 
the  leaks.  Third,
By  what?  By  us­
ing  the Egry Auto­
graphic  Register— 
adapted to any class 
of business needs.

1»   A .   E L Y ,   A b u ,   Mich .

Address inquiries 
or  send  orders  for 
what  you  want  to

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

57

and Treasurer,  C.  W.  Al l e n ,  Detroit.

President,  J a m e s  E.  1>a y .  D etroit;  Secretary 

Commercial Travelers

Michigan Knights «f tho Grip
President,  Ch a s. L.  St e v e n s , Ypsilanti; Sec­
retary,  J . C.  Sa u n d e r s, Lansing; Treasurer, 
O. C.  Go u l d , Saginaw.
Michigan Commercial Traiders’ Association 
United Commercial Trarelers of Michigan 
Grand Counselor,  J n o.  A.  M u r r a y , Detroit; 
Grand  Secretary, G.  S.  V a l m o r e, Detroit: 
Grand Treasurer, W. S.  Me s t , Jackson.
Grand Rapids Council No. 131
Senior Counselor,  D.  E.  K e y e s ;  Secretary- 
Treasurer, L. F. Baker.
Michigan Commercial Travelers’ Mutual Accident Association 
President.  J .  Boyd  P a n t l in d , Grand Rapids; 
Secretary  and  Treasurer,  G eo.  F.  Ow e n , 
Grand Kapids.

her  parasol  and  said  she  did  not want  to 
stop  there,  but  wanted  to go  to  the  sec­
ond  house  beyond  Mrs.  Nash’s.  Red, 
white,  green,  blue,  purple  all  colors  of 
the  rainbow  -spread  over  Will’s  face, 
each  color  in  its  turn.  A  look  of  grave 
disappointment  covered  his  fair  counte­
nance.  Gathering  himself  together  the 
best  he  could  after  such  a  body  blow, 
the  demented  man  exclaimed  in  most 
sorrowful  tones,  “ What  do  you  take  me 
for,  a  ’bus  driver?’ ’  Poor  bewildered 
and  downcast  Will  slept  not  for  two 
nights.  On  the  third  night  sleep  quieted 
his  misery  and  in  that  peaceful  sleep  he 
was  heard  to  exclaim  in  accents  wild, 
“ A  wolf  in  sheep’s  clothing.’ ’
(Quarterly  Meeting  of the Board  of Direet- 

ors,  M.  K.  of G.

PLATE  GLASS.

How  American  Cilass  Han  Superseded  tit«» 

Imported.

I  went  into the  glass  and  paint  busi­
ness  in  1865.  On  January  1,  1867,  I  be­
came  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Wm. 
Wright  &  Co.,  Detroit. 
In  July,  1871, 
I  became  a  member of  the  firm  of  Reid 
&  Hills;  and 
in  January,  1879,  suc­
ceeded  to the  business of  the latter firm, 
since  which  date  1  have  continued  the 
business  alone  under the  firm  name  of 
William  Reid.

When  I  first  engaged  in  the  business 
there  were  only  a  few  plate  glass  fronts 
in  Michigan,  and  scarcely  any  plate 
glass  was  used  in  the  very  best  resi­
dences.

Plate  glass  was  all  imported  then  and 
cost  five  times  its  present  price.  All 
stocks  were  held  and  carried  in  New 
York  and  Boston  until  1885.  At  this 
latter date  I  was  the  first  dealer  in  the

Gripsack  Brigade.

O.  I).  Fisher,  the  Bay  City  grocery' 
salesman,  has  removed  from  Bay City to 
Cheboygan.
'  As  will  be  noted  elsewhere,  Chair­
man  Manley  Jones  has  decided  upon 
September 23  as  the  proper date  to  hold 
the  annual  picnic  of  the  (¡rand  Rapids 
traveling  men  and  has  called  a  meeting 
at  Sweet’s  Hotel  Saturday  evening  to 
arrange  for  the  programme  and  select 
the  proper committees  to  undertake  the 
management  of  the  event.  These  pic­
nics  have  come  to  be  regarded  as  red 
letter days  by  the  traveling  fraternity  of 
the  Valley  City,  and  there  is  every  rea­
son  to  believe  that  this  year’s  picnic 
will  prove  no  exception  to the  general 
rule.

Rumor has  it  that  Will  T.  Crane,  rep­
resenting  A.  Krolik  &  Co.,  the  well- 
known  dry  goods  house  of  Detroit,  is 
contemplating  leaving  the  road  and  em­
barking  in  a  new enterprise (that  is,new 
to  Will)  more  suitable,  perhaps,  to  his 
countenance  and  general  make-up,  as 
seen  by  some  others.  Crane  does  not 
intend  to  retire  from  the  road  entirely, 
but  he  does  prefer the  dust  and  heat  of 
a  village  road  to  the  hustle  and  bustle 
of  a  railroad.  Consequently,  he 
is  giv­
ing  the  glad  hand  to  the  traveling  fra­
ternity  with  a  view  of  securing  their 
patronage  for  future  use  in  his  new  am­
bition  of  either  manipulating  a  ’bus line 
in  his  own  right  or securing  a  position 
as  driver  for  some  party  or  parties  al­
ready  established  in  the  business.  It  all 
happened  this  way:  Will  always  con­
sidered  himself  a typical traveling sales­
man  in  his  actions,  looks  and  general 
demeanor,  but  one  day  this  week  while 
in  Lowell  his  hopes  were  so  utterly 
blasted  that  he  concluded  his  only  re­
course  was to secure  other  fields  of  em­
ployment.  Crane  usually  desires  that 
things  should  move  about  as  he  thinks 
they  should  and  he  is  never  bashful 
about  letting  people  know  it.  He  en­
tered  the 
’bus  at  Lowell  on  Monday  of 
this  week  and  for some  reason  unknown 
to  him  at  that  time  (but  which  he  found 
out  afterwards)  the  vehicle  did  not  start 
as  soon  as  he  thought  it  should.  Pres­
ently  an  oldish  lady  was  about  to  enter 
the  ’bus  and  Crane  yelled  to the  driver, 
“ Say,  I  don’t  want  to  stop  here  all  day. 
If  you  are  going  up  town  get  a  move  on 
yourself.”   The  aforesaid  lady,  think­
ing  that  he  had  reference  and  was  di­
recting  his  command  to  her,  replied, 
“ Well,  I  guess  if  you  were  blind  you 
would  want  some  one  to  look  after  you. 
There  is  a  couple  in  the  depot that can’t 
see  daylight  and  I  guess  if  I  want  to 
look  after them  I  am  going  to. ’ ’  At  this 
Crane  remained  mute  and  everything 
went  along  very  smoothly  until  the  ’bus 
was  about  to stop  at the  Waverly,  when 
the  lady  aforesaid  nudged  Crane  with

Lansing,  Sept.  2-  -At  the regular quar­
terly  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Directors 
of  the  Michigan  Knights  of  the  Grip, 
held at Hotel Downey,  Lansing,  on  Sept. 
2,  the  following  members  were  in  at­
tendance : 
President  Stevens,  Secre­
tary  Saunders,  Treasurer Gould,  Direct­
ors  Schram,  Smith  and Thom.  Absent 
Directors:  Converse,  Mills  and  Ran­
dall.

GENERAL  FUND.

ceipts  and  disbursements  as  follows:

Treasurer  Gould’s  report  showed  re­

port  of  receipts  since  the 
meeting,  as  follows:

Secretary  Saunders  presented  his  re­
last  Board 

Death fund..........................................................................$2,490 0«
General fund................................................................... 
27 00
Deposit fluid*..................................................................... 
18 00
$2,535 00
Balanee on hand.......................................................$ 635 44
Received from Secretary Saunders 
27 00
662 44
Disbursements.................................................................. 
391 20
Balance on hand.......................................................$ 271 24
Balance on hand............................. 
2,427 59
 
 
Received from Secretary Saunders 
2,490  00
4,917 59
Disbursements................................................................ 2,500 00
Balance on hand. ....................................................$2,417 59
Balance on hand....................................... 
29 25
 
Received from Secretary Saunders 
18 00
.. 
Disbursements................................................................. 
31 25
Balance on hand.......................................................$  16 00

DEPOSIT  FUND.

DEATH  FUND.

warrants  ordered  drawn  for same :

The  following  bills  were  allowed  and 

The  Finance  Committee  reported  that 
the 
it  had  examined  the  reports  of 
Treasurer and  Secretary  and  found  same 
to  be  correct.  Adopted.

J. C. Saunders, postage anil supplies...........$ 62 80
Lansing Journal Co., printing...........................  15 75
O. C. Gould, salary to date...................................  5001
J. C. Saunders, salary to date............................. 130 00
5 36
C. L. Stevens, attending Board meeting... 
O. C. Gould, attending Board meeting......... 
4 81
J. W. Schram, attending Board meeting.. 
5 52 
Chas.  H. Smith, attending Board meeting. 
4 81 
J. W. Thorn, attending Board meeting___ 
3 08

Proofs  of  death  of  L.  W.  Beesley, 
Lansing,  and  H.  P.  Baker,  Grand 
Rapids,  were  presented,  approved  and 
claims ordered  paid.

Proofs  of  death  of  S.  E.  Wells,  Des 
Moines,  la.,  and  Jas.  L.  Benson,  Chi­
cago,  were  returned  for notarial  author­
ity,  being  outside  the  State.
it  would  be 
The  Secretary  reported 
necessary  to  have  a  new  membership 
book  and  on  motion  of Director  Schram 
the  Printing  Committee  was  instructed 
to  procure  same.

There  being  no  further business,  the 
Board  adjourned  to  meet  in Grand  Rap­
ids  the  last  Saturday  in  November.

J.  C.  Saunders,  Sec’y.

Arrangements  for  the  Annual  Picnic.
Grand  Rapids,  Sept.  4— You  are  re­
quested  to  attend  a  meeting  to be  held 
at  Sweet’s  Hotel  parlors  Saturday  even­
ing,  Sept,  g,  at  8  o’clock,  sharp,  to 
make  arrangements  and  appoint  com­
mittees  for the  annual  picnic  to  be held 
Sept.  23.  A  good  attendance  is  desired.

Manley  Jones,  Chairman  Post  E.

It  is  said  that 90 per cent,  of  the com­
mon  contagious  diseases  are  carried 
from  house  o  house  by  the  domestic 
pets  of the world.

in 

..  ;

parture  and  wish  to  give  public  expres­
sion  to  the  esteem  in  wnich’ he  is held 
by  all  who  know  him;  therefore 

Resolved  That 

leaving^Kalama- 
zoo,  Mr.  Starbuck  takes  with  hinrithe 
very  best  wishes  of  every  traveling  man 
in  this  city  and  the  regret  of  his 
leav­
ing  will  not  be  confined  a lone  to  the 
traveling  men,  but  to  the  large  circle  of 
his  friends  and  acquaintances;

Resolved--That  we  recommend him to 
any  traveling  men’s  organization  with 
which  he  may  desire  to  identify  himself 
in  his  future  home  as  an  upright  and 
courteous  gentleman  who  is  loyal  to  his 
friends  and  his  chosen  occupation  and 
as  a  desirable  and  earnest  advocate  of 
the  principles  which  elevate  the  stand­
ing  of  the  commercial  traveler.

Apparent  Knmoniy  I>ue  to  Absence*.
Lansing,  Sept.  4 

1  am  constrained
to  write  you  in  regard  to  a  wrong  im­
pression  which  seems  to  have  gone  out 
with  reference  to  the  expenses  of  hold­
ing  Board  meetings  in  different  places. 
For  instance,  in  the  report  of  the  June 
meeting,  as  published 
in  the  Trades­
man,  a  comparison  is  made  showing  the 
expense  of  the  Board  meeting  held  at 
Owosso to  be  $31.75»  while  the  expense 
of  the meeting held at Detroit was $48.22. 
The  facts  are  that  at the Owosso meeting 
two  members  were  absent,  while  at  De­
troit  the  full  Board  was  in  attendance. 
You  will  also  see  that  the  expense  of 
holding  the  Lansing  meeting  was only 
$23.58,  owing  to  the  absence  of three 
members. 

J.  C.  Saunders,
Sec’y  M.  K.  of  G.

Taggart,  Knappen  &  Denison,

PATENT  ATTORNEYS

811-817  Mich. Trust Bldg., 

*  Grand Rapids 

♦

Patents Obtained.  Patent  Litigation 
Attended To in Any  American Court.

R E M O D E L E D   HOTEL  B U T lE R
1.  M.  B R O W N ,   P R O P .
Rates, $1. 

Washington Ave. and  Kalamazoo St.,  LANSING.

THE  FINEST

NEWEST

THE
THE

LATEST

Designs 
in  Wall  Paper 
are  always  in  our  stock.

O U R   P A IN T S   A R E  
P U R E   and  F R E S H

We  carry  the  finest  line 
of  Picture  Mouldings  in 
the  city  and  our  Frame 
makers  are  experts.

A complete Artists’  Material 
catalogue  for  the  asking.

C .  L .  H A R V E Y   &   C O .,

59  MONROE  ST.,

GRAND  RAPIDS,  fllCH .

West  to  put  in  a  stock  of  plate  glass 
in 
stock  sheets.  Very  nearly  all  of  the 
plate  glass  used  in  this  country  is  now 
manufactured  here ;  and  it  takes  about 
15,000,000 square  feet  to  supply  the  de­
mand,  which  has  been  constantly 
in­
creasing  until  now  our  entire  factory 
facilities  are  crowded  to  keep  supplies 
in  store.

The  manufacture  of  sheet  glass  has 
also  made  wonderful  progress. 
In  1867 
nearly  all  of  the  glass  for g(x»d  build­
ings  was  imported.  The grade made  by 
American  manufacturers  prior  to  this 
time  was  poor,  their  first  quality  be­
ing  about  equal  to  imported  third  qual­
ity.  Now  the  American  sheet  glass  is  as 
good  as  imported  and  has  almost entire­
ly  displaced  it  in  our  commercial  mar­
kets,  and  especially  so  in  the  West.

The  present  price  of  window glass,  al­
though  abnormally  high  in  comparison 
with  prices  current  during  the  past  ten 
years,  is  only about one-third  or one-half 
what 
it  was twenty-five  years  ago,  our 
facilities,  capital and skilled  mechanism 
in  the  glass  industry  having  succeeded 
in  bringing  the  results  I have mentioned 
in  both  plate  and  window  glass.

William  Reid.
Commend  Him  to  Hi»  New  Neighbor*. 
Kalamazoo,  Sept.  4—-At  a  meeting  of 
the  traveling  men  of  Kalamazoo,  held  at 
the  parlors  of  the  Burdick  House,  Sun­
day,  Sept.  3,  the  following resolutions— 
prepared  by  W.  D.  Watkins  and  F.  L. 
Nixon—were  unanimously  adopted : 
Whereas—Our  friend  and  frater,  E. 
Starbuck,  finds  it  necessary  to  remove 
to  Goshen,  Ind.,  in  order  that  he  may 
be  nearer the  center of  his  field  of  use­
fulness ;  and 

Whereas—We  sincerely  regret  his  de-

,

Michigan  State  Board  of Pharmacy

58
Drugs—Chemicals
Term expires
A. 
Sc h u m a c h e r , Ann Arbor  -  Dec. 31,1899 
- 
- 
G ko.  Gu n d r u m , Ionia 
Dec. 31,1900
L. E.  Ke y n o i,i>s, St. .loseph 
-  Dec. 31,1901 
- 
H e n r y   H e i m , Saginaw 
Dec. 31,1902
- 
VVi r t P.  Do t y , Detroit - 
-  Dec. 31,1903
- 
President,  G e o.  G u n d r u m , Ionia.
Secretary, A. (’.  Sc h u m a c h e r , Ann Arbor. 
Treasurer,  H e n r y   H e im , Saginaw.
Lansing—Nov. 7 and 8.
President—<>.  E b e r b a c h , Ann Arbor. 
Secretary—Ch a s.  K.  Ma n n , Detroit. 
Treasurer—J. S.  Be n n e t t , iansing.
Written for the Tradesman.

The  Druggist  Who  Did  Not  Enjoy  His 

State  Pharmaceutical  Association 

Kxamination  Sessions 

Camping  Trip.

As  I  entered  his  place  of business,  the 
druggist  sat  at  a  sloping-top  table  at the 
back  end  of  the  store,  a  half-burned  ci­
gar dead  in  his  fingers  and  a  tired  look 
on  his  face.  He  gave  me  a  good  sized 
order  without  his  customary  argument 
regarding  prices,  and  I  knew  at  once 
that  there  was  something  wrong  with 
him.

“ There,”  

1  said,  closing  my  book, 
“ that’s  the  last  bit  of  work  1  intend  do­
ing  until  the  first  of  the  month. 
I’m 
going  off  on  a  vacation.  Wish  you  could 
go along.”

He looked  up  with  a  wan  smile  on  his 

face.

* ‘ A  good  ti me, ’ ’ echoed the  merchant.

“ Where  are you  going?”   he  asked.
“ Down  the  river camping,”   was  my 

hopeful  reply.

“ You  are  not  above  listening  to  a  bit 
of  friendly  advice?”   he  asked,  lighting 
his  cigar and  tipping back  in  his  chair.
“ Certainly  not,”   was  my  reply. 

“ What  is  it?”

,

“ Don’t  do  it.”
“  Don’t  do  what?”  
“ Don’t  go  down  the  river  camping.”
“ And  why  not?”   I  demanded,  think­
ing  1  saw  a  story  back  of  the  strange 
advice.  “ I've  had  a  hard  year  and  I’m 
all  tired  out. 
I  feel  like  sleeping  in the 
shade  of  some  tangled  thicket  for  about 
a  month.”

The  druggist  laughed.
“ 1  see  you’ve  got  it  all  thought  out,” 
he  said:  “ The  ripple  of  the  river,  the 
rustle  of  the  leaves,  the changing  gleams 
of 
light  and  shade,  the  long,  lazy  days, 
with  no  sounds  to  vex  the  ear  save  the 
soft,sweet  call  of  the  bird  and  the  mu­
sical  whir  of  the  reel  as  the  ten  pound 
fish  fights  gamely  for  its 
life  in  the 
eddying  pool.  Yes,  I  think  you’ll  have 
to  go.”

“  I  guess  you’ve  been figuring ¡tout,”  
I  said.  “ You  talk 
like  a  man  who has 
been  having  day  dreams  of  a  life  in  the 
woods. ’ ’

“ I’ve  been  having  the  reality,”   said 
the  druggist,  with  a  tired  yawn,  “ and 
I  don’t  think  I’ll  get  over  it  in  the  next 
year. ’ ’

“ Where  did  you  go?’

Down  the  river—camping. ’ ’

“ O h!”
“ Of  all  the  insane  notions  that  man­
is  heir  to,”   said  the  merchant, 
kind 
“ this  camping  notion  is  the  worst. 
I 
feel  like  kicking  myself  every  time  I 
think  of  my 
last  exploit  in  that  line. 
Why  any  man  in  his  right  mind  should 
prefer  the  hard,  damp  ground  to  a  soft 
bed, a  meal  of burned  bacon  and  grease- 
soaked  potatoes  to  a  dinner at  home,  is 
more  than  I can figure  out.  And the  flies 
and  bugs!  Well,  I’ve  had  my  trip,  and 
I’ll  take  my  punishment,  but  you  don’t 
catch  me  in  that  sort  of  a  deal  again.”
“ Didn’t  you  have  a  good  time?”   I 

asked.

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

“ Say,  did  you  ever  have  one  of  those 
comfortable  dreams  about  swimming  in 
subterraneous  passages  filled with black, 
stinking  water?  About  ducking  your 
head  now  and  then  when  you  heard  the 
hiss  of  a  snake  in  the  darkness,  or strik­
ing  out  madly  as  the  slimy  body  of 
some  water  reptile  drifted  against  your 
face  or  crawled  down  the  back  of  your 
neck?’ ’

“ No,”   1  said,  with  a  smile,  “ 1  usu­
ally  stop  drinking  before  1  get  as  far 
along  as  that.”

“ Oh,  this  wasn’t  a  case  of  the  d.  t, ” 
said  the  druggist,  “ but  it  was  a  case of 
being  up  against  the  real  thing.  There 
were  three  of  us,  and  we  took  only  two 
small  bottles  of  snake  tonic  and  a  case 
of  beer. 
It  was about  dark  when  we  got 
on  the  river,  and  we  left  half  our  stuff 
in  the  wagon,  so  we  had  to  hustle  for 
coffee,  sugar,  salt,  matches  and  half  a 
dozen  more 
little  things  without  which 
the  camper  can  not  exist.  Tom  dumped 
the  smoking  tobacco  into  the  river be­
fore  we  got  under the  first  bridge  and 
Dick  got  the  fishing  lines  all  tangled 
up 
in  his  big  feet  before  we  got  ready 
to  cast  a  fly.  We  drifted  along,  trying 
to  make  ourselves  believe  we  were  hav­
ing  an  awfully 
jolly  time  until  about 
midnight,  and  then  went  into  camp.  We 
hadn’t  a  sign  of  a  tent,  so  we  spread 
our blankets on  the  ground  and  crawled 
in  after  a  supper that  would  have  made 
Samson  cry  like  a  child  from  indiges­
tion.”

“ That’s the  trouble  with  campers,”   I 
“ They  don’t  look  far 

sagely remarked. 
enough  ahead.”

“ Well,”  

continued 

the  druggist, 
“ along  in  the  night  I  began  to  have 
those  cheerful  dreams,  and  1  don’t  won­
der  at  it,  for  the  supper  I  had  eaten 
would  have  made  McKinley  throw  up 
his  job  or anything  else  he  happened  to 
have  about  his  person.  Embalmed  beef 
is  pie  to  a  thing  of  that  sort.”

‘ * You  must  have  been  a  comfortable 
companion,”   I  said,  “ especially  if  the 
others  wanted  to sleep. ’ ’

“ I  dreamed,”   continued  the druggist, 
“ that  1  was  walking  along  a  country 
road 
just  after  the  flood  had  retreated 
from  the  surface  of  the  earth.  All  about 
me  were  stagnant  pools  of  water,  in 
which  various  brands  of  repulsive  rep­
tiles  swam  and  fought,  and  on  the  right 
was  a  barb-wire  fence.  Now,  I  did  not 
have  time  to  consider  how the  barb-wire 
got  there 
in  the  twilight  of  the  new 
world,  but  I  do  remember  of  wishing 
that  Noah  had  put  the  meshes  farther 
apart. 
I  remember,  too,  of  thinking 
that  I’d  better climb  the  fence  so  as  not 
to disturb the pastimes  of a nest of sharks 
which  were  gazing  up  at  me  with  red 
eyes. ’ ’

“ How  many  bottles  did  you  say  you 

took  along?”   I  asked.

“ Only  two,”   was  the  sober  reply. 
"Well,  I got  through  the  fence  and  went 
into  the  river.  There  the  dream  ended. 
There  were  the  stars,  and  the  trees,  and 
the  voices  of  the  night  birds,  and  there, 
also,  was  I,  spitting  out  black  ooze  and 
swimming  for  dear  life. 
I  was  fully 
dressed  and  wore  a  heavy  overcoat  and 
a  pair of  shoes,  and  I  seemed  to  weigh 
a  ton. 
I  came  near dying  before  I  got 
on  the  right  side  of  that  barb-wire fence 
again. 
I  couldn’t  find  the  camp,  and  I 
had  no  more 
idea  where  I  was  than 
what  had  become  of  the  sharks  and  the 
ark  of  my  dream. 
I  got  over  into  a 
field,  only to be  chased  out  by  a  herd of 
steers  whose  slumbers  I  had  disturbed, 
and  then  I  sat  down  on  a  log  and  lifted 
I was too weak  and  scared
up my voice. 

to  lift  up  my  feet  and  walk,  and  I  had 
to  lift  up  something. 
I  think  that  at 
that  stage  of the  game  my  voice  would 
have  thrown  a  freight  train  off the track. 
Talk  about  getting  away from the haunts 
of  men !  There,  as  I  said  before,  were 
the  twinkling  stars,  there  were the  trees, 
with  their  drooping  boughs  and  their 
musical  clash  of  leaves  and  there  were 
the  shrill  voices  of  the  night  birds,  but 
what  I  wanted  was  something  human— 
and  a  bit  of  tonic  and  a  dry  suit  of 
clothes  and  something  to  eat,  and  vari­
ous  other things  which  are  not  to  be had 
in  the  night  or  in  lonely  places. 
It  was 
an  hour  before  the  boys  found  me  and 
tried  to  make  me  warm  again.”

“ The  bottles  were  not  half 

“ I’d  like  plans  and  specifications  re­
garding  those  two small  bottles,”   I said.
large 
enough,”   was  the  reply,  “ for  I  was 
chilled  to  the  bone. 
In  the  morning  my 
clothes  were  a  sight,  and  I  quit  camp­
ing  right  there.  I  was  seven  miles  from 
home  and  I  walked  in,  leaving  the  boys 
to  get  the  boat  to the  nearest  railway 
station  and  send  it  home. 
I  held  quite 
a  reception  on  the  road  home,  too. 
Everybody  I  knew  in  that  whole  region 
was  out  on  the  road  that  morning,  ac­
companied  by  their  wives  and  their 
daughters  and  their  sweethearts.  They 
hailed  me 
in  friendly  voices,  but  they 
whispered  to  each  other and  cast  suspi­
cious  glances 
in  my  direction  as  I 
passed  by. 
I  couldn’t  stop  and  explain 
my  sleep-walking  exploit.  Oh,  it  was 
a  beautiful  outing,  and  the  glories of 
Nature  were  all  about  me,  but 
I 
wouldn’t  try  it  again  for  a  thousand 
dollars.  The  next  time  I  want  a  good 
rest-up,  I’m  going  to  swing  a  hammock 
on  my  lawn  and  stay  at  home  and  play 
with  the  children.  No,  sir,  you  don’t 
get  any  more  sleep-walking  and  barb­
wire fences  fresh  from  the  ark  and  man- 
eating  sharks  with  red  eyes  drifting 
through  my  vacations.”

And  the  merchant  leaned  back  in  his 
chair again  and  lighted  a  fresh  cigar.  I 
didn’t  try to  argue  the  matter with  him, 
for there  are  times  when  experience 
is 
superior to  all  argument,  and  I  believed 
this to be  one  of them.

Alfred  B.  Tozer.

The  Drag  Market-

Opium—Has  advanced  and 

is  very- 
firm,  owing  to  the  higher  price  in  pri­
mary  markets.

Is  unchanged.

Morphine 
Quinine 
Is  weak  and  tending  lower.
Citric  Acid  Has  declined  and,  as 
lower 

is  about  over,  still 

the  season 
prices  are  probable.

Cuttle  Fish  Bone 

Is  scarce  and  has 
advanced  and  has  an  upward  tendency.
Is  very  firm  and  is  being 
sold  by  jobbers  lower than  manufactur­
ers’  present  price.

Glycerine 

Essential  Oils-----Anise 

is  slightly
lower.  Pure  wintergreen  is  scarce  and 
has  advanced.  Cajeput  has  been  ad­
vanced  and  is  very  firm.

Buchu  and  Senna  Leaves- - Are  scarce 

and  firm  at  advanced  price.

Linseed  Oil  Ts very  firm  and  has  ad­
vanced,  on  account  of  higher  price  for 
seed.

Seven  Out  of Seventeen*

Ann  Arbor,  Sept.  2—The  Michigan 
Board  of  Pharmacy  held  a  meeting  at 
Houghton  Aug.  28  and  29.  There  were 
seventeen  applicants  present  for  exami­
nation, 
fifteen  for  registered  pharma­
cist  certificate  and  two  for  assistant 
papers.  Six  applicants  received  regis­
tered  pharmacist  papers  and  one  assist­
ant  papers.  Following  is  a  list  of those 
receiving  certificates  as registered  phar­
macists :

G.  E.  Amidon,  Houghton.
C.  J.  Ayres,  Lawton.
Otto Graf,  Rockland.
H.  E.  Goette,  Detroit.
J.  R.  Sandquest,  Hancock.
J.  R.  Stannard,  Gaines.
E.  Sjolander,  of  Ishpeming,  passed  as 

assistant  pharmacist.

be  held  at  Lansing  Nov.  7  and  8.

The  next  meeting  of  the  Board  will 
Six  cases  of  violation  of  the pharmacy 
law  were  recorded  since  the 
last  meet­
ing  of  the  Board,  all  of  which  were  con­
victed  and  fined.

A.  C.  Schumacher,  Sec’y.
Case of Crnelty.

A  little  girl  whose  acquaintance  with 
the  zoological  wonders  of  creation  was 
limited  was  looking  at  one  of  the  ele­
phants  in  Lincoln  Park,  Chicago,  while 
on  her  first  visit  to  that  popular  resort.
Observing  that  the  animal  stood  mo­
tionless  near  a  water-trough,  she  said :
Poor thing !  Why don’t they lift  up  his 
it  back  so  he  can 

trunk  and  fasten 
drink.

L.  PERRIQO  CO., Mfg  Chem ists,

ALLEGAN ,  MICH.

Penigo's Headache  Powders,  Perrigo’s Mandrake Bitters, Perrigo’s 
Dyspepsia  Tablets  and  Perrigo’s  Quinine  Cathartic  Tablets  are 
gaining’ new friends every day.  If you haven’t already  a  good  sup­
ply on, write us for prices.

FLAVORING  EXTRACTS  AND  DRUGGISTS’  SUNDRIES

W ORLD'S  B E ST

5 0 .  C IG A R .  ALL  JO B B E R S   AND

G.vJ  JOHNSON OIGAROO.

G R A N D   R A P ID S ,  M ICH.

THE r \ e e ie y   aicohoi  conclusion.  Write us for  •
Lure  OpiUm  THE  KEELEY  INSTITUTE

literature and  full  infor-  m
d U C l   mation.  Don’t  delay  if  I  
you need  this treatment.  J

M  

a  

.  

- 

Using

bo x 1185

BENTON  HARBOR,  MICH.

S A L E   P R IC E   C U R R I  N T .

Gil

59

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN
Menthol..........................
6/3 00 Seidlitz Mixture.........
40
Liusecd, pure raw...
37
20Gt
Morphia, S.. P. & W.2 20®2 45 Sinapis............................
18 Linseed, boiled — ..
41
38
00
Morphia, 8., N. V. Q.
54
30 Xeatsfoot, winter str
Sinapis, opt..................
6ft
& C. Co........................ 2 106/ 2  35
48
Snuff, Maccaboy, De
Spirits Turpentine..
Moschus Cantón___
© 40
® 41
Voes.............................
Myrlstica, No. 1.........
Paints BBL. LB.
656/
80 Snuff.Seotcb.De Vo's
6/
41
Nux \ omica.. .po. 15 
® 10 Soda, Boras..................
11
11 Red \ enetian............. Hi 2 6/86/4
Os Sepia..........................
96/
is6n
20 Stala. Boras, po.........
1**4 2
28 Ochre.yellow Mars.
Pepsin Saac, H. ¿i P.
Siala et Potass Tart.
21 VTt
1*4 2 6/3
2 Ochre, yellow Bor...
I) Co.............................
% 1 00 Stala. Carl)....................
1 «
2*4 2‘,*6 r 3
Putty, commercial..
Piéis Liq. N.N.Vi gal.
Stala, Bi-Carb.............
4 I’utty. strictly pure. 212 2?ift/3
doz.................................
ft/2 00 Stala. Ash...................... WtGt
2 \ ermilion.  1* r i ni e
Hcis Liq., quarts___
©1 00 Stala. Sulphas.............
13dr 70@,
15
American..................
Picis Liq., pints.........
® 85 Spts. Cologne...............
©2 00
75
55 \ ermilion, English..
1*11 Hydrarg... no. so
® 50
50Gt
Spts. Ether Co...........
6/2 00 Green. Paris............... 13* j® 17 V*
18 Spts. Myrcia Doni.
Piper Nigra , po. 22
6/
136/
10
Green, Peninsular...
Pii>er Alba.... po. 35
® 30 Spts. Vini licet, libi.
Lead, red........................ 5'» Gt 014
I’ilx Rurgun..................
7 Spts. Vini licet.121>I>1
®
5*4 Gt 0^4
Lead, white..................
Plumb! Acet..................
106/
12 Spts. Vini licet. lOgal 
70
\\ lilting, white Span
Pulvis Ipecac et Opii 
Py rethrum, boxes H. 1 30@1 50
Spts. Vini Reet.Sgal
90
Strychnia, < rystal... 1 006/ 1 20 W biting, gilders' —
Cm1 00
4 White. Paris. Ainer.
® 75 Sulphur. Suhl.............
& P. I). Co., doz...
2**67 31,2 \\ biting. I'aris, Eng.
30 Sulphur. Roll...............
256/
Pyrethrum, pv...........
Go1 40
cliff.................................
Quassia'..........................
10 Tamarinds...................
10
1 006/ 1 15
30 Universal Prepared
Dublin. 8. P. & W.
286/
44 Terebenth Venice...
Quinta, S. German..
50
44 Theobromse...................
346/
486/
Varnfolie*
Quinta. N. V..................
44 Vanilla............................ 9 006/ 0 00
K
12® 14 Zinci Sulpli..................
Rubia Tinetoruni___
7 Gt
No. 1 Turp Coach... 1 106/ 120
18®.
20
Saceharum Lactis pv 
Oils
Extra Turp................... 1 00Gt 170
3 506/3 00
Salacin.............................
ÌP.L.  <«AL. Coach Body.................. 2 75Gt3 00
40Gt
Sanguis Draconis...
50
70 No. 1 Turp Film......... 1 006/11 10
14 Whale, winter.............
Sapo, W.............................
12Gih
70
00 Extra Turk Daniar.. 1 55641 00
Sapo M.............................
50
12 Lard. extra....................
706/. 75
40 Jap. Dryer,No.lTurp
® 15 laird. No. 1....................
.»
Sapo G.............................

iVtt
:m r
30Gb

im
Gt

Gt
Gt
Gt
Gt

lQGti

Gt
Gt

Util

%l

55

Sundry 

Department

Druggists’

g  
J 

We  Call

Special  Attention 

to  the

Following  Lines

®

12 

1 2 __
1  50@ 2 00 

10®  

12® 

R ad ix

:
: 
: 
: 
. 

1  00 
1  10 
1  10 

Potassiun

356/ 
1  15® 
1  0061 
1 00?" 

10®
®  
20®, 
12® 
®
6  
12® 

40 
Conium Mac..................
1 25 
Copaiba..........................
•906? 
Cubebas...........................
Exechthitos..................
Erigeron........................
1 50?" ft / 506/
Gaulthcria...................
Geranium, ounce.... 
1  6060 
Gossippii, Sem. gal..
1 35
Hedeoma........................
Junípera........................
906/; 2 00 
Lavendula ....................
I.¡monis...........................
1 35Í" 1 45 
1 256/: 2 00
Mentha Piper.............
1 506/. 1 IX)
Mentha Verid.............
1 006/ 1 15 
Morrlnue, gal.............
4 006/ 4 50
Myrcia............................
756/; 3 00 
Olive.................................
Picis Liquida...............
6ft  35 
Piéis Liquida, gal...
926/ 1 00 
■tirina...............................
Kosmarini......................
®. 1 00 
6 506/, 8 50 
l¡os;r, oimce.................
40 <5  45
Succini............................
Sabina .............................
90 d) 1 00
2 506/ 7 00
Santal...............................
55 >•  50
Sassafras........................
Sh 
65 
Sinapis, ess., ounce.
1 50®. 1 60 
Tiglii..................?............
40®  50@ 1 IX)
Thyme...............................
Thyme, opt....................
Theobromas ...............
Bi-Carb.............................
im136/
Bichromate..................
Bromide........................
Garb .................................
Chlorate... po. 17  19
16® 
35®. 406/ !
Cyanide...........................
Iodide...............................
Potassa, Bitart, pure 
Potassa. Bitart, com. 
Potass Nitras, opt...
Potass Nitras.............
23® 
Prussiate........................
15®206/ 
Sulphate po..................
Aconitine........................
Althie...............................
226/ 
Anchusa.........................
Arum po........................
Calamus..........................
Gentiana...........po. 15
16®
Glychrrhiza... pv. 15 
Hydrastis Canaden. 
Hydrastis Can., po.. 
Hellebore, Alba, po.
15®,
Inula, po........................
Ipecac, po......................
4 IX)® 4 
35® 
Iris plox.. .po. 35ft 38
Jalapa, pr......................
25®,
Marmita.
22®.
Podophyllum, no...
Rhei...................................
75Gt 1
Rhei, cut........................
®  1
756/ 1
Rhei, pv...........................
35Gt
Spigelia...........................
Sanguinaria... po. 15
Serpentaria..................
40ft/
Senega ............................
40®
6/
Smilax, oflicinalis 11.
©
Smilax, M......................
106/
Scillie..................po. 35
Symploearpus, Fueti-
®
dus, po........................
Valeriana, Eng. po. 30
®
156/
\ aleriaua, German.
12@
Zingiber a......................
Zingiber]........................
*25Gt
Semen
Anisum.............po. 15
@
13®
Apium (graveleous).
46/
Bird. Is.............................
106/
Carili....................po. 18
Cardamon...................... 1 25® 1
Coriandnim...................
8®
Cannabis Sativa.....
5®
Cydonium......................
75® 1
Chenopodium.............
106/
Diptenx ( »dorate.... 1 40ft/ 1
®
Fcèniculum...................
Ffenugreek, po...........
7®
Lini ...................................
46ft  •!
Lini, grtl.........bbl. 314
35@
Lobelia............................
Pharlaris Canarian.. 4V46&
Rapa................................. 4*/,®
9®
Sinapis Alba...............
Sinapis Nigra.............
11®
Spirito*
Frumenti, W. D. Co.2 006/ 2
Frumenti. 1). F. R.. 2 00® 2
Frumenti....................... 1 25® 1
Juniperis Co. O. T... 1 056/. 2
J uni peris Co............... 1 75^ 3
Saacharum N. E___ 1 90® 2
Spt. Vini Galli............. 1 75® 6
Vini Oporto.................. 1 256/ 2
Vini Alba........................ 1 25®; 2
Sponges
Florida sheeps' wool
carriage........................ 2 50@ 2
Nassau sheeps’ wool
carriage........................ 2 506/, 2
Velvet extra sheeps’
wool, carriage.........
® 1
Extra yellow sheeps’
wool, carriage.........
® 1
Grass sheeps’ wool,
carriage......................
6ft 1
®
Hard, for slate use.
Yellow  Reef, 
for
slate use......................
@ 1
Syrups
Acacia .............................
®
Auranti Cortex...........
Zingiber..........................
®
Ipecac...............................
Ferri Iod........................
®
@
Rhei Arom....................
50®
Smilax Oflicinalis...
Senega .............................
®
Scillæ.

ZVM

(ik

60

@  50
Scillie Co........................ 
®  50
i Tolutan............................ 
®  50
| Prunus virg.................. 
Tinctures
60
| Aconitum Xapellis K 
50
Aconitum Xapellis F 
60
Aloes................................. 
Aloes and Myrrh___ 
60
50
Arnica............................. 
Assafietida.................... 
50
60
Atrope Belladonna.. 
50
I Auraliti Cortex.......... 
60
Benzoin........................... 
Benzoin Co.................... 
50
50
Barosma.......................... 
75
Cantharides.................. 
Capsicum....................... 
50
75
Cardamon...................... 
Cardamon Co............... 
75
1 00
Castor............................... 
50
Catechu........................... 
Cinchona........................ 
50
Cinchona Co.................. 
so
Columba........................ 
50
Cubebie............................. 
Cassia Acutifol........... 
50
50
Cassia Acutifol Co... 
50
Digitalis........................... 
Ergot................................. 
6o
35
Fcrri Chloridum___ 
50
Gentian........................... 
Gentian Co................... 
60
50
Guinea............................... 
6o
Guinea ammon........... 
Hyoscyamus................. 
5o
Iodine............................ 
75
76
Iodine, colorless____ 
Kino ................................. 
So
5o
Lobelia............................ 
5o
Myrrh............................... 
Bo
Xux Vomica.................. 
75
< >pii..................................... 
5o
O.iii, comphorated.. 
Opii, deodorized......... 
l 5o
5o
Quassia........................... 
5o
Khatany........................... 
Bo
Rhei.................................... 
Sanguinaria................ 
Bo
Serpentarta.................. 
5o
6o
Stromonium.................. 
Tolutan........................... 
6o
Valerian ........................ 
5o
5o
Veratrum Veride... 
Zingiber..........................
Miscellaneous 
.Ether, Spts. Nit. 3 F  30®  36
.Ether, Spts. Nit. 4 F  34®  38
Alumen ........................... 
3
Alumen, gro’d-.po. 7 
4
3® 
Annatto............................ 
40®  50
Antimoni, po............... 
5
4® 
Antimonies Potass T  40®.  50
Antipyrin...................... 
@  35
Antitebrin .................... 
©  20
Argenti Nitras, oz... 
@  50
Arsenicum.................... 
10®  12
Balm Gilead Buds.. 
38®  40
Bismuth S. N............... 1 40® 1 50
9
@ 
Calcium Chlor., is... 
Calcium Chlor., '¿s.. 
®  10
Calcium Chlor., Vas.. 
@  12
Cantharides.Kus.no 
®  75
Capsici Fructus, af.. 
®  15
Capsici Fructus. po. 
@  15
Capsici Fructus B,po 
® 
15
Caryophyllus.. po. 15  12® 
14
('arinine, No. 40......... 
@ 3 00
Cera Alba...................... 
50® 
55
Cera Flava.................... 
40®  42
Coccus............................ 
®  40
Cassia Fructus........... 
®  35
Centraria......................... 
@ 
10
Cetaceum........................ 
@  45
Chloroform.................. 
50®  53
Chloroform, squibbs 
@ 1 10 
Chloral Hyil Crst . .. 1 65® 1 90
Chondms........................ 
20®  25
Cinchonidlne.P. & W  38®  48
Cinchonidine, Germ. 
38®  48
Cocaine........................... 4 80® 5 00
Corks, list, dis. pr. ct. 
70
Creosotum...................... 
®  35
Creta..................bbl. 75 
®  2
Creta, prep.................... 
@ 
5
Creta, precip............... 
9® 
11
Creta, Rubra............... 
@ 
8
18
15® 
Crocus............................. 
Cudbear.......................... 
®  24
Cupri Sulph..................  6 Vi® 
8
Dextrine........................ 
10
7@ 
Ether Sulph.................. 
75®  90
Emery, all numbers. 
® 
8
Emery, po...................... 
© 
6
Ergota..............po. 70  5066  60
Flake White............... 
12® 
15
Galla................................. 
®  23
9
8® 
Gambler........................ 
Gelatin, Cooper......... 
@  60
Gelatin, French......... 
35® 
60
Glassware, flint, box 
75 & 10
Less than box......... 
70
Glue, brown.................. 
11® 
13
Glue, white.................. 
15® 
28
Glycerina........................ 15*4®  22
Grana Paradisi........... 
®  25
25®  55
Humulus........................ 
Hydrarg Chlor Mite 
® 
Hydrarg Chlor Cor.. 
®  80
Hydrarg Ox Rub’m. 
® 1 00 
Hydrarg Ammoniati 
@ 1 15 
Hydrargünguentum 
45®
Hydrargyrum............. 
@
IchthyoDolla. Am... 
65® 
75
Indigo............................... 
75® 1 00
Iodine, Resubi........... 3 60® 3 70
Iodoform........................ 
@ 3 75
Lupulin............................. 
® 
50
Lycopodium.................. 
45® 
50
Macis............................... 
65@ 
75
Liquor Arsen et Hy-
drarg Iod.................... 
® 
25
LiquorPotassArsinit 
10® 
12
Magnesia, Sulph___ 
2® 
3
Magnesia, Sulph, bbl 
®  1Vi 
50®  60
Mannia, 8. F................ 

' 

&

875IC3750
10141550
0040C8141425
0050
00148
40404518
121830
1215
30

20
12
12

12141517152575401580714.535252530
2010C5453528651412300030551314165240007030
0060403035458025
2028232539
2260
20i 75501 25
!  00! 50! 90808045! 755040

20
20

RUBBER  G O O D S  have  advanced  and  will  be  still  higher 

about Sept  15th.

P IP E S.  We have a full  line ranging from  75c to $12  00 per doz.

T A B L E T S.  Pen and  pencil at attractive  prices.

A T O M IZER S.  An elegant  assortment  of  fancy  perfume  up 

to $18  00  per dozen

P E R FU M E S.  AH the leading odors from  the  leading  manu­

facturers

P O CK ET   B O O K S.  New fal) styles at attractive prices

We have a full stock  of 

.

C O M B S.  TOOTH  B R U S H -S .  HAIR  B R U SH E S .

C L O T H E S   B R U SH E S .  LATHER  B R U SH E S .
TO ILET SO A P ,  R A ZO R S,  NAIL  F IL E S ,  E T C .

Hazeltine &  Perkins  Drug Co.,

Grand  Rapids,  Mich.

0 0

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

GROCERY PRICE CURRENT.

The  prices  quoted  in  this  list  are  for the trade only, in  such  quantities as are usually purchased  by retail 
It is im­
dealers.  They are prepared just before going to press and are an  accurate index  of the local  market. 
possible to give quotations suitable  for all  conditions of purchase,  and those below are given as representing av­
erage prices  for average conditions of purchase.  Cash  buyers or those of strong credit usually buy closer  than 
those  who  have  poor  credit.  Subscribers are earnestly requested to point out any errors or omissions, as it is 
our aim to make this  feature of the greatest possible use to  dealers.

75;
75Ä1 30 
75@  85

175

310

Corn

Beans

Home

Apple»

Hominy

Cherries

E l  Parity

Blackberri

AX LE  GREASE

CANNED  GOODS 

1 85
2 25
2 80
1 75
2 80
1 75
2 80
14®10
20@25
90
1 55
1 25 
fel 90

Aurora.............................doz.
gross 
6 00
..55
3 lb. Standards...........
..60
Castor Oil......................
7 00
Gallons, standards..
4 00
Diamond........................
..50
Frazer’s.............................75
9  00
Baked............................... 
9  00
IXL Golden, tin l>oxes75
Red Kidney..................
Mica, tin boxes...........75
9 00
String...............................
Paragon........................
. .55
6 00
Wax....................................
BAKING POWDER
Standards......................
Absolute 
>4 lb. cans doz...........
..  45
54 lb. cans doz...........
..  85
Standards......................
1 
lb. cans doz...........
.1 50
Acme
Fair.....................................
Good.................................
54 lb. cans 3 doz____
..  45
Fancy...............................
75
54 lb. cans 3 doz____
lb. cans 1 doz....
1 
.1 00
Bulk....................................
..  10
Standard....
Arctic
Lobster
6 oz. Eng. Tumblers...........
..  85 Star, 14 lb........................
Star,1 lb........................
Picnic Tails...................
Mackerel
Ifijftg 0 fi/rilsr 
I
Mustard, 1 lb................
n^Hi||iii IÜI11ÜI m m iw i
Mustard, 2 lb................
Soused, 1 lb....................
Soused, 2 lb..................
Tomato, 1 lb..................
hMeHHiO Tomato, 2 lb..................
IIMifiMinu
Mushrooms
Stems.................................
Buttons.............................
Oysters
Cove, 1 lb.........................
Cove, 2 lb........................
Peaches
Pie......................................
Yellow.............................
Pears
Standard.........................
Fancy.................................
Peas
Marrowfat....................
Early June....................
Early June  Sifted..
Pineapple
Grated.............................
Sliced.................................
Pumpkin
Fair....................................
Good..................................
Fancy...............................
Raspberries
Standard..........................
Salmon
Red Alaska...................
Pink Alaska.................
Sardines
Domestic, 14s...............
Domestic, Mustard.
French.............................
Strawberries
Standard.........................
Fancy...............................
Succotash
Fair...................................
Good.................................
Fancy...............................
Tomatoes
Fair....................................
Good..................................
Fancy...............................
CATSUP
Columbia, pints..................
Columbia,  54 pints.............
CHEESE
" 
Acme.................................
Amboy............................
Butternut....................
Carson City....................
Elsie.................................
Emblem..........................
Gem...........................
Gold Medal...........
Ideal.................................
Jersey...............................
Riverside........................
Brick...........................
Edam................................
@12@70@17@13@75@17
Leiden.............................
Limburger................
Pineapple......................  50
Sap Sago........................
CHICORY
Bulk......................... 
Red..................................*.*1 
CHOCOLATE 
Walter Baker & Co.’s.
German Sweet..................... 
Premium................................. “'  35
Breakfast Cocoa................................46

6 oz. cans, 4 doz. case___
VH lN V
0 oz. cans, 4 doz. case___
1 
lb. cans, 2 doz. case.. 
214 lb. cans, 1 doz. case.. 
5 
lb. cans, 1 doz. case..
14 lb. cans per doz..........
H lb. cans per doz..........
1 
lb. cans per doz..........
li lb. cans, 4 doz. case.. 
*4 lb. cans, 4 doz. case.. 
1 
lb. cans, 2 doz. case..
}i lb. cans, 4 doz. case.
>4 lb. cans, 4 doz. case.
1 
lb. cans, 2 doz. case.
.1 60
Jersey Cream
1 lb. cans, per doz......................2 00
9 oz. cans, per doz......................l 25
6 oz. cans, per doz......................  85
Our Leader
14 lb. cans......................................  45
14 lb. cans......................................  75
1 
lb. cans......................................1 50
Peerless
1 lb. cans..........................................  85
Queen Flake
3 oz., 6 doz. case...........................2 70
6 oz., 4 doz. case...........................3 20
9 oz., 4 doz. case...........................4 80
1 lb., 2 doz. case...........................4 00
5 lb.,  1 doz. case...........................9  00
BATH BRICK
American..........................................  70
English...............................................  80
BLUING
CONDENSED
Small 3 doz.................................... 
Large, 2 doz.........................................75
No.  1 Carpet................................. 2  30
No. 2 Carpet................................. 2  15
No. 3 Carpet.................................  1 85
No. 4 Carpet.................................  1 45
Parlor Gem..................................2 50
Common Whisk......................... 
Fancy Whisk...........................' ‘ ’ 1  00
Warehouse.....................................2 70
CANDLES
8s.......................................................... 
16s.......................................................... 
g
Paraffine...................................... 
g
Wicklng.............................................  20

BROOMS

1 38 95
3@3*4
90 
1  2080 90 
1 15

@1014
@12
@11
@11
@ ll@@11
@12
@11
@11
@11/2
@ ll‘/2

1  25@,2  75 
1  35.7/2  25

8(7/22

1  00 

5
7

40

23

95

7

75

20  00

9
10
13
14

CIGARS

s. c. w..

COUPON  BOOKS 
Tradesman  Grade 

Columbian Cigar Co’s brand.
Columbian, 5c........................... 35 00
Columbian, 10c........................ 65 00
H. & P. Drug Co.’s brands.
Fortune Teller........................ 35 00
Our Manager............................. 35 00
Quintette.....................................  35 00
G. J. Johnson Cigar Co.’s brand.

50 books, any denom...
1 502 50 
ICO books, any denom 
500 books, any denom
11 50 
1.000 books, any denom
Economic Grade 
50 books, any denom...  1 50
100 books, any denom...  2 50 
500 books, any denom...  11 50
1.000 books, any denom... 20 00
Superior Grade 
1  50 
50 books, any denom... 
100 books, any denom...  2 50 
500 books, any denom... 1150
1.000 books, any denom... 20 00
Universal Grade 
35 00
50 books, any denom...  1 50
Phelps, Brace & Co.’s Brands. 
100 books, any denom...  2 50 
Vincente Portuondo ..35@ 70 00
500 books, any denom...  11 50
Ruhe Bros. Co..................25@ 70 00
1.000 books, any denom... 20 00
Hilson Co...........................35(7/ ] 10 00
Credit Checks 
T. J. Dunn & Co.............35@ 70 00
500, any one denom...........  2 00
McCoy & Co......................357/i 70 00
1.000, any one denom...........  3 00
The Collins Cigar Co.. 10(3; 35 00
2.000, any one denom...........  5 00
Brown Bros......................15@ 70 00
Steel punch............................... 
Banner Cigar Co...........30(7/ 70 00
Bernard Stahl Co...........35@ 90 00
Coupon Pass Books 
Banner Cigar Co...........io@ 35 00
Can be made to represent any 
Seidenberg & Co...........55@125  00
denomination from $10 down.
G. 1’. SpragueCigarCo.l0@ 35 00
20 books................................. 
1 00
Fulton Cigar Co...........10(7/  35  00
50 books.................................  2 00
A. B. Ballard & Co... ..'157/175 00 
100 books.................................  3  00
E. M. Schwarz & Co...3577110  00
250 books..................................  6 25
San Telmo..........................35@ 70  00
500 books................................. 10 00
Havana Cigar Co...........18® 35 00
1.000 books................................. 17 50
CLOTHES LINES
CREAM TARTAR
Cotton, 40 ft. 'per doz............... 1 00
Cotton, 50 ft. j>er doz............... 1  20
5 and 10 lb. wooden boxes.........30
’ ’otton, 60 ft. per doz............... 1 40
Bulk in sacks.......................................29
'otton, 70 ft. per doz............... 1 60
DRIED FRUITS—Domestic 
Cotton, 80 ft. per doz...............1 80
Jute, 60 ft. per doz....................  80
Apples
Jute, 72 ft. per doz...................  95
Sundried......................................@74
COFFEE
Evaporated, 50 lb. 1 sixes.  @104 
Roasted
California Fruits
Rio
Apricots..............................  @15
Fair..................................................... 
Blackberries....................
Good................................................... 
Nectarines........................
Prime...................................................'  12
Peaches...............................10  @11
Golden............................... 
........... 
Pears......................................
Peaberry........................................ 
Pitted Cherries................................74
Prunnelles........................
Santos
Fair................................................... 
Raspberries.....................
Good................................................... 
California Prunes 
Prime................................................. 
100-120 25 lb. boxes 
is
Peaberry............................................ 
90-100 25 lb. boxes 
Maracaibo
80 - 90 25 lb. boxes 
Prime........................................ 
70 - 80 25 lb. boxes 
60 - 70 25 lb. boxes 
Milled...................................................... 17
@  6?. 
50 - 60 25 lb. boxes 
Java
40 - 50 25 lb. boxes 
@  8 
Interior..............................................  26
30 - 40 25 lb. boxes
Private Growth...........................  30
4 cent less in 50 lb. cases 
Mandehling....................................  35
Raisins
Mocha
London Layers 2 Crown.
Imitation..........................................  22
London Layers 3 Crown. 
Arabian.......................................... 
’  28
Cluster 4 Crown.................. 
]
Loose Muscatels 2 Crown 
Package
Loose Muscatels 3 Crown 
Below are given New York 
Loose Muscatels 4 Crown 
prices on  package coffees, to 
L. M., Seeeed, choice ...
which the wholesale dealer adds 
L. M., Seeded, fancy____
the local freight from New York 
to your shipping point, giving 
DRIED FRUITS—Foreign 
you credit on the invoice for the 
Citron
amount of freight buyer pays 
Leghorn.................................................11
from the market in which he 
Corsican................................................12
purchases to his shipping point, 
including weight  of package, 
Currants
also ;4ca pound. 
In 60 lb. cases 
Patras, bbls.................................... 64
the list is 10c per  100 lbs. above 
Cleaned, bulk..................................64
the price in full cases.
Cleaned, packages....................  7
Arbuckle........................................10  50
Peel
Jersey.............................................. 10  50
McLaughlin’s XXXX 
Citron American 19 lb. bx... 13 
McLaughlin's XXXX sold to 
Lemon American 10 lb. bx .1 0 4  
retailers only.  Mail all orders 
Orange American 10 lb. bx.. 104 
direct to W. F. McLaughlin & 
Raisins
Co., Chicago.Extract
Ondura, 28 lb. boxes...............
Sultana 1 Crown..........................
Valley City 4 gross..................  75
Sultana 2 Crown........................
Felix  4 gross....................
Sultana 3 Crown....................
.1 15 
Hummel’s foil  4 gro.(.- 
Sultana 4 Crown......... 
..............
.  85 
Hummel’s tin  4 gross
Sultana 5 Crown..........................
.1 43
Sultana 6 Crown..........................
CONDENSED MILK 
Sultana package........................
4 doz in case.
~ 
_ 
j 
„ 
6 75
Gail Borden Eagle ... 
FARINACEOUS GOODS 
grown.............................................. 6  25
Beans
Waisy ........................................................5 75
Dried Lima........................ 
*  54
Champion........................... 
4  59
Medium Hand Picked  1 20@l 25
Magnolia.................... 
 
4  25
Brown Holland............................
Challenge...................................” .'3 35
Wime..........................................................3 35
Cereals
COCOA
Cream of Cereal..........................  90
Grain-O, small.....................................1 35
James Epps & Co.’»
Grain-O, large......................................2 25
Boxes, 7 lbs.....................................  40
G5ape Nuts......................................1  35
Cases, 16 boxes....................[ 
Postum Cereal, small............1  35
COCOA SHELLS
Postum Cereal, large.............2 25
20 lb. bags........................... 
Farina
Less quantity......... 3
241 lb. packages......................  1  25
Pound packages..............’ ” 
Bulk, per 100 lbs..................................3 00

@ 4 
@  5 
@  51' 
@ 61, 

14
15
16

@10

24

33

15

4

1

4

14
10

LYE

11
14
20

Grits

JELLY

HERBS

INDIGO

MATCHES

LICORICE

Walsh-DeRoo Co.’s Brand.

24 2 lb. packages................................1 80
100 n>. kegs.............................................2 70
200 1b. barrels...................................... 5 10
Hominy
Barrels.....................................................2 50
Flake, 50 lb. drums............................1 00
Maccarnni and Vermicelli
Domestic’,  10 lb. box..................  60
Imported, 25 lb. box.........................2 50
Pearl Barley
Common....................................................1 75
Chester.................................................... 2 25
Empire......................................................2 50
Peas
Green, Wisconsin, bu...............1  00
Green. Scotch, bu.............................. 1 10
Split, bu....................................................2 50
Rolled Oats
Rolled Avena, bbl..............................4 00
Monarch, bbl........................................3 75
Monarch.1, bbl..................................2 00
Monarch, 90 lb. sacks..............1 80
Quaker, cases.......................................3 20
Huron, cases..................................2  00
Sago
German............................................. 
East India.......................................  34
Tapioca
Flake..................................................  5
Pearl...................................................  44
Pearl, 24 1 lb. packages......... 64
Wheat
Cracked, bulk...............................  34
24 2 Th. packages................................2 50
FLAVORING EXTRACTS

Sage...........................................................15
Hops.........................................................15
Madras, 5 lb. boxes.......................55
S. F., 2, 3 and 5 lb. boxes...........50
15 lb. pails........................................  36
30 lb. pails........................................  65
Pure....................................................  30
Calabria.............................................  25
Sicily................................................... 
Root..................................................... 
Condensed, 2 dnz..........................1 20
Condensed, 4 doz..........................2 25
Diamond Match Co.’s brands.
No. 9 sulphur.................................1 65
Anchor Parlor...............................1 70
No. 2 Home. 
.1.4 00 
Export Parlor. 
Wolverine.........
.1 25
MOLASSES 
New Orleans
Black............................................... 
Fair................................................. 
Good................................................ 
Fancy............................................. .  24
Open Kettle................................25@35
Half-barrels 2c extra 
MUSTARD
Horse Radish, 1 doz..................1  75
Horse Radish, 2 doz.......... 
3 50
Bayle’s Celery,  1 doz................ 1  75
PICKLES
Medium
Barrels,  1,200 count...................4  00
Half bbls, 600 count...................2 50
Small
Barrels, 2,400 coimt..................5  00
Half bbls,  1,200 coimt..............3 00
PIPES
Clay, No. 216............................................1 70
Clay, T. D., full coimt.............  65
Cob, No. 3........................................  85
POTASH 
48 cans in case.
Babbitt’s................................................. 4 00
Penna Salt Co.’s..................................3 00
RICE
Domestic
Carolina head........................
Carolina No. 1......................
Carolina No. 2.......................
Broken ........................................
.4.3«
Imported.
Japan, No. 1.........................51
Japan, No.  2.........................41
2@5
D. C. Vanilla 
D. C. Lemon
Java, fancy head................ 5
1 20
.  75 
Java, No. 1..............................5
3oz. 
Table.............................................
4 oz. 
.1 40 
6 oz.
SALERATUS 
.2 00 
No. 8....4 00 
No. 8... .2 40 
Packed 60 lbs. In box. 
No. 10. . . 6 00 
No. 10.. 
.4  00 
Church’s Arm and Hammer .3 15
No. 2 T..1 25 
No. 2 T..  80 
Deland’s..............................................3 00
No. 3 T . .2 00 
No. 3 T . .1 25 
Dwight’s Cow.................................3 15
No. 4 T..2 40
No. 4 T . .1 50Van. 
Emblem..............................................3 50
L. P.......................................................3 00
Lem.
Sodio.....................................................3 15
2 oz. Taper Panel___  75
Wyandotte, 100 ?is..................... 3 00
2oz. Oval.........................  75
3 oz. Taper Panel___1 35
SAL SODA
4 oz. Taper Panei___1 60
2 25
Granulated, bbls........................  80
Granulated, 100 lb. cases 
  80
Perrigo’sVan. 
Lem. 
Lump, bbls......................................  70
doz. 
doz.
Lump, 145 lb. kegs...................  80
XXX, 2 oz. obert
.1 25 
SALT
XXX, 4 oz. taper___2 25 
1 25
.2 25 
Diamond Crystal 
XX, 2oz. obert..
No. 2,2 oz. obert___
.1  00 75
Table, cases, 24 3 lb. boxes.. 1 50 
2 25
XXX D D ptchr, 6 oz 
Table, barrels, 100 3 lb. bags.2 75 
XXX D D ptchr, 4 oz 
1 75
Table, barrels, 40 7 lb. bags.2 40 
K. P. pitcher, 6 oz... 
2 25
Butter, barrels, 280 lb. bulk.2 25 
Butter, barrels, 20141b.bags.2 50
Butter, sacks, 28 lbs..................  25
Perrigo’s Lightning, gro.. ..2 50
Butter, sacks, 56 lbs..................  55
Petrolatum, per doz..................  75
Common Grades
100 3 lb. sacks....................................1 95
60 5 lb. sacks....................................1 80
Kegs..............:...................................4 00
2810 lb. sacks..................................1 65
Half Kegs................................................2 25
Warsaw
Quarter Kegs.......................................1 25
56 lb. dairy in drill bags.........  30
1 lb. cans...........................................  30
28 lb. dairy in drill bags.........  15
4 lb. cans........................................  18
Ashton
56 lb. dairy in linen sabks...  60 
Kegs............................................................4 25
Half Kegs...............................................2 40
Higgins
Quarter Kegs.......................................1 35
56 lb. dairy iu linen sacks...  60 
1 lb. cans..........................................  34
Solar Rock
561b. sacks......................................  21
Kegs ... 
...........................................8 00
Common
Half Kegs...............................................4 25
Quarter Kegs......................................2 26
Granulated Fine.........................  60
1 lb. canf...........................................  45
Medium Fine..................................  70

GUNPOWDER 
Rifle—Dupont’s

3 OZ.......1  50
4 OZ.......2  00
6  OZ.......3 00

Choke  Bore—Dupont’s

Eagle  Duck—Dupont’s

Northrop  Brand 

FLY  PAPER

Jennings’

1  20 
1  20 
2  00 

@654
@

2 oz. 

.1  00 

.654

494

10

1 9

6V,
7

6

0
7%

6
8
12
10

n
m m

@ 5V4 
@ 9

Kingsford's  Corn

SALT FISH 
Cod
Georges cured..................
Georges genuine...........
Georges selected...........
@ 6 
Strips or bricks............. 6
Herring
Holland white hoops, bbi. 
Holland white hoops', bbl. 
Holland white hoop, keg.. 
Holland white hoop mens.
Norwegian.................................
Round 100 lbs.............................
3 10 
40 l-lb. packages...................... 
o
Round 40 lbs...............................
1 40 15
e*4
20 l-lb. packages...................... 
Scaled..........................................
Mackerel
40 l-lb. packages.............. 
Kingsford’s Silver Gloss
6 lb. boxes................................. 
Mess 100 lbs................................
Diamond
Mess 40 lbs.
...  165 64 10c packages........................
5 00
Mess 10 lbs.............. 
..
...  135 128 5c packages...............
5 0<
Mess
8 lbs.......................
30 10c and 64 5c packages.. 5 00
No. 1  1(H) lbs.......................
. .. 13
A60
Common Corn
No.  1 40 lbs.......................
148 20 l-lb. packages___
5
No. 1 10 lbs.......................
... 
120 40 l-lb. packages....................
No. 1 8 lbs.......................
... 
Common GIokh
No. 21(H) lbs.......................
. .. 1150
...  490 l-ll). packages..........................
4>4
No. 2 40 lbs.......................
...  130 3-lb. packages.........
No. 2 10 lbs.......................
...  1 07 6-lb. packages...........................
No. 2 8 lbs.......................
40 and 50-lb. boxes..................
3
Trout
3
Barrels....................................
No. 1 100 lbs..........................
SYRUPS
No. 140 lbs.......................
Corn
No. 1 10 lbs.......................
Barrels.......................................
..  17
No. 1 8 lbs..........................
Half bbls........................................  19
1 doz.  1 gallon cans
.2 90 
1 doz.  ' } gallon cans...
.1 70 
No. 1 No. 2 Fani
2 doz.  ‘4 gallon cans...
.1 70
. 7 00 6 50
2 25
Pure Cane
. 3 10 2 90
1 20
Fair........................................
10 lbs. 
85
80
38
Good......................................
8 lbs.
71
33
66
Choice .................................
25
SEEDS
SUGAR
Anise........... 
....................
Below are given New York 
prices on sugars, to which the 
Canary, Smyrna...........
wholesale dealer adds the local 
Caraway...........................
freight from New York to your 
Cardamon, Malabar..
Celery...................................
hipping point, giving you credit 
on
the invoice for the amount
Hemp, Russian..............
Mixed Bird......................
of freight buyer pays from the 
market in which he purchases
Mustard, white.............
to his 
Poppy...................................
ping point, including 
20 pound 
Rape....................................
tor the weight of the
barrel.
Cuttle Bone......................
Domino.........................................
5 65 
SNUFF
Cut Loaf......................................
5 69
Scotch, in bladders.............
..  37 Crushed.........................................
5 81
Maeeaboy, in jars................
35 Powdered..................................
5 38
French Rappee, in jars..
..  43 XXXX Powdered..................
5  44
Cubes...............................................
5  445 31
SOAP
Standard Granulated.........
Standard Fine Granulated 
Above Granulated in 5 5 31
lb. hags.............................
5 38
Above Granulated iu  2
Single box..................................
..2 85
lb. bags............................
385 
5 box lots, delivered.........
..2 80 
Extra Fine Granulated....
5 44
10 box lots, delivered.........
..2 75
Extra Coarse Granulated. 5 44
Mould A.
5 56
Diamond Confec. A.............  5 31
Confec. Standard A. 
5 06 
American Family, wrp’d___2 66
No. 1..
4 81 
Dome................................................. 2 75
No. 2..
4 81 
Cabinet..............................................2  20
No. 3..
4 81 
Savon..................................................2 50
No. 4..
4 75 
White Russian............................ 2 35
No. 5..
4 69 
White Cloud, laundry.............6 25
No. 6..
4 63 
White Cloud, toilet...................3 50
No. 7..
4 56 
Dusky Diamond, 50 6 oz........2 10
No. 8..
4 50 
Dusky Diamond, 50 8 oz........3 00
No. 9..
4 44 
Blue India, 100 % lb................. 3 00
No.  10..
4 31 
Kirkoline.........................................3  50
No. 11..
4 19 
Eos.......................................................2 50
No. 12..
4 13 
Scouring
No. 13..
4 13 
No. 14..
4 06 
Sapolio, kitchen, 3 doz...........2 40
No. 15..
4 06 
Sapolio, hand, 3 doz..................2 40
No. 16..
4 06
SODA
TABLE SAUCES
Boxes..................................................  5
Kegs, English................................  4%
SPICES 
Whole Sifted
Allspice......................................... 
12
Cassia. China in mats......... 
The Original and 
Cassia, Batavia, in bund... 
25
Cassia, Saigon, in rolls
Genuine 
Cloves, Amboyna...........
Cloves, Zanzibar...................... 
Lea & Perrin’s, large...........  3 75
Mace, Batavia..
Lea & Perrin’s, small.........  2 50
Nutmegs, fancy
Halford, large..........................  3 75
Nutmegs, No.  1........................ 
Halford, small...........................  2 25
Nutmegs, No. 2........................
Salad Dressing, large.........  4 55
Pepper, Singapore, black. 
Salad Dressing, small.........  2 75
Pepper, Singagore, white.
VINEGAR
Pepper, shot............................... 
Malt White Wine, 40 grain.. 8 
Pure Ground in Bulk
Malt White Wine, 80 grain.. 11
Allspice......................................... 
Pure Cider, Red Star...............12
Cassia, Batavia......................... 
Pure Cider, Robinson.............13
Cassia, Saigon........................... 
Pure Cider, Silver.......................13 ¡4
Cloves, Zanzibar.
WASHING POWDER
Ginger, African
Kirk’s Eos...................................  2 00
Ginger, Cochin......................... 
Wisdom........................................  3 75
Ginger, Jamaica.................... 
Rosetne..........................................  3 25
Mace, Batavia.......................... 
Nine O'clock.............................  3 50
Mustard........................................ 
Babbitt’s 1876.............................  2 50
Nutmegs....................................
Gold Dust....................................  4 25
Pepper, Singapore, black 
Johnson’s...................................  3 50
Pepper, Singapore, white
Swift’s ..........................................  2 88
Pepper, Cayenne................... 
Rub-No-More............................  3 50
Sage...............................................
Pearline, 100 6s........................  3 30
STOVE POLISH
Pearline, 30 Is...........................  2 85
Snow Boy....................................  2 35
Liberty..........................................  3 90
WICKING
No. 0, per gross..............................20
No. l, per gross..............................25
No. 2, per gross..............................35
No. 3, per gross.............................55
WOODENWAKE
Baskets
Bushels.....................................................1 00
Bushels, wide band..........................1 10
Market..............................................  30
Willow Clothes, large..............6 25
Willow Clothes, medium____5 50
Willow Clothes, small.............5 00

No. 4,3 doz. in case, gross.  4 50 
No. 6,3 doz. in case, gross.  7 20

L E A   &
P E R R IN S ’
SAUCE

illti. I  RIKIUGO K M

30
40
18
65
is

so Grains and Feedstuffs 
MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN
Rutter Plates 
No. 1 Oval, 250 in crate..
No. 2 Oval, 250 in crate..
No. 3 Oval, 250 in crate..
2  20  1 
No. 5 Oval, 250 in crate.. 
2 GO I
Old . New
Clothes Pins
Boxes, gross l>oxes....................  40
Mop Sticks
Winter Wheat Flour 
Trojan spring................................9 00
l.iOcal Brands
Eclipse patent spring.............9 00
I’atents.........................................  4 00
No 1 common.................................8 oo
Second Patent..........................  3 50
No. 2 patent brush holder ..9 00
Straight.........................................  3 25
12 1b. cotton mop heads.........1 25
Clear..............................................  3 00
Pails
Graham........................................  3 bo
2- 
hoop Standard...1 35
Buckwheat.................................
hoop Standard...1 50
3- 
Rye...................................................  3 25
wire, Cable..........i 35
2- 
Subject  to  usual  cash 
dis­
3- 
wire, Cable......... 1 go
count.
Cedar, all red, brass bound . 1 25
Flour in bids., 25c per bid. ad­
Paper, Eureka............................. 2 25
ditional.
Fibre....................................................2 25
Ball-Banihart-Putman’s Brand
Tubs
Daisy 
‘¿s......................................  3 GO
20-inch, Standard, No. 1..........5 so
Daisy ‘4s......................................  3 go
18-inch, Standard, No. 2.
.4 85 
Daisy *4s......................................  3 60
10-inch, Standard, No. 3.
.3 85
20-inch, Dowell, No. 1...
Worden Grocer Co.'s Brand
18-inch, Dowell, No. 2...
Quaker ‘»s...................................  3 60
1G-Inch, Dowell. No.3...
Quaker ?4s...................................  3 GO
No. 1 Fibre.............................
Quaker 14s...................................  3 00
No. 2 Fibre.............................
No. 3 Fibre.............................
Spring Wheat Flour 
Wash Boards
Clark-Jewell-Wells Co.’s Brand
Bronze Glotte........................
Pillsbury’s Best *ts.............  4 35
Dewey.....................................
Pillsbury’s Best *4s.............  4 25
Double Acme.........................
Pilisbury's Best '4s.............  4  15
Single Acme..........................
Pillsbury’s Best *8s paper.  4  15 
Double Peerless..................
Pillsbury’s Best ‘4s paper.  4 15 
Single Peerless......................
Ball-Barn hart- Putman’s Brand
Northern Queen.................
Double Duplex......................
.3 00 
Good Luck...............................
.2 75
Universal...................................
Wood Bowls
11 in. Butter.............................................
13in. Butter.............................  .’ 1  00
15 in. Butter 
.1 GO 
17 in. Butter 
.2 50 
19 in. Butter 
.3 50 
21 in. Butter....
.4 00
YEAST 
CAKE 
Yeast Foam, 14 
doz.........
Yeast Foam, 3 doz 
Yeast Cream. 3 doz... 
Magic Yeast 5c, 3 doz 
Sunlight Yeast,3doz. 
.1  00
Warner’s Safe, 3 doz.
Provisions
.1  00
Swift & Company quote as 
follows:Barreled Pork
Mess.................................... 
®io  00
Back...............................  10 50(3)
Clear back...................... 
@10  75
Shortcut........................ 
@10  50
Pig...................................... 
@14  00
Bean................................... 
@ 9 50
Family............................. 
@11 00
Dry Salt Meats
Bellies............................... 
Briskets........................... 
Extra shorts.................. 
Smoked Meats 
Hams, 121b. average.  @ 11
Hams, I41b.average.  @  11%
Hams, 16 lb. average. 
@  11
Hams. 20 lb. average. 
(S  10 >4
Ham dried beef......... 
@ ig*4
Shoulders(N.Y.cut) 
@  7
Bacon, clear..................  7  @  714
California hams......... 
@  63I
Boneless hams........... 
@  «‘,4
Cooked ham..................  10  @ 15
Lards—In Tierces
Comoound....................
4%
Kettle..............................
55 lb. Tubs.. advance
80 lb. Tubs.. advance
50 lb. Tins... advance
20lb. Pails, .advance
10 lb. Pails.. advance
5 lb. Pails.. advance
3 lb. Pails.. advance
Sausages
Bologna............
Liver .................................
Frankfort......................
Pork .................................
Blood........................
Tongue.............................
Headcheese...................
Beef
Extra Mess....................
Boneless..........................
Rump...............................
Pigs’ Feet
Kits. 15 lbs....................
M bbls., 40 lbs.............
*4 bbls., 80 lbs.............
Tripe
Kits, 15 lbs....................
M bbls., 40 lbs.............
% bbls., 80 lbs.............
Casings
Pork.................................
Beef rounds..................
Beef middles................
Sheep.................................
Butterine
Rolls, dairy....................
Solid, dairy....................
Rolls, creamery.........
Solid, creamery.........
Canned Meats
Corned beef, 2 lb___
Corned beef, 14 lb...
Roast beef, 2 lb...........
Potted ham,  % s.........
Potted ham,  14s.........
Deviled ham, ‘4s___
Deviled ham, *4s___
Potted tongue, >4s.. 
Potted tongue, ‘4 s..

Dulutli Imperial *as............  4 25
Duluth Imperial ‘4s............  4 15
Duluth Imperial ‘is.............  4 05
Lemon & Wheeler Co.’s Brand
Gold Medal )4s........................  4 25
Gold Medal v4s........................  4 1
Gold Medal  % s........................  4 05
Parisian Hs...............................  4 2£
Parisian t4s...............................  4 u
Parisian ‘4s...............................  4 Of
Gluey & Judsou's Brand
Ceresota 
...............................  4 35
Ceresota *,s...............................  4:
Ceresota )4s...............................  4
Worden Grocer Co.’s Brand
Laurel >8s....................................  4 35
Laurel ‘4s....................................  42
Laurel ‘/«s....................................  4 1
Meal
Bolted............................................ 
Granulate«!.................................  2 1
Feed and Millstuft’s 
St. Car Feed, screened...
16  00 
No. 1 Corn and Oats.........
15 50 
Unbolted Corn Meal.........
14 50 
Winter Wheat Bran...........
14 00
Winter Wheat Middlings. 15  00 
Screenings...............................
14 00
Corn
New corn, car lots.............
Less than car lots..............
Oats
Car lots.......................................
Car lots, clipped....................
Less than car lots................
Hay
No. 1 Timothy car lots...
10  00 
No. 1 Timothy ton lots...
12  00
Hides and Felts
The Cappon & Bertsch Leather 
Co., 100 Canal Street, quotes as 
follows:
Hides
Green No. 1.................. 
@8
Green No. 2.................. 
@7
Bulls................................... 
@6
@9
Cured No. 1.................. 
Cured No. 2.................. 
@8
Calfskins,green No. 1 
@9
Calfskins,greeuNo.2 
@ 714 
Calfskins.cured No. 1 
@10
Calfskins,cured No. 2 
@8)4
Pelts
Pelts, each.................... 
50@l 00
Tallow
No. 1.................................... 
@ 31-
No. 2.................................... 
@ 2‘,
Wool
Washed, fine............... 
@16
Washed, medium... 
@20
Unwashed, One......... 
9  @12
Unwashed, medium.  14  @16

Fresh Meats
Beef
Carcass.............................
7 @  8ÏÎ
Forequarters.............
6 o n  6*/t
Hindquarters.........
8V 0% 101 g
Loins No. 3...........
12 @14
9 @14
Rounds..........................
on  8
Chucks.............................
6 On  6Vi
Plates...............................
4 @  5
Purk
Dressed ...
@  6
Loins.................................
8* iff f 10
Shoulders......................
@ 7
Leaf Lard......................
on  6V2
M utton
Carcass............................
8! @10
Spring Lambs.............
12 @ 12*4
Veal
Carcass............................
8VsOn 9
Crackers
The  National  Biscuit  Co.
quotes as follows :
Hutter
Seymour XXX................
5l4
Seymour XXX,31h.cartoi
Family XXX....................
..................
SaltedXXX. 
5Ü
5 iZ
New York XXX.............
Wolverine....................
Boston...................................
Soda
Soda XXX........................
Soda XXX, 3 lb. carton..
6‘,
Soda. City...........................
Long Island Wafers...
n
!.. 1. Wafers,  1 lb. carton.
Zepbyrette.........................
Oyster
fU4
Saltiuc Wafer..................
Saltine Wafer,  1 lb. cartoi
6**
r a riusi f lyster.................
5l*
Extra Farina Oyster..
Sweet Goods—Boxe8
Animals...............................
ion
Bent’s Water.............
15
Cocoauut Tally................
Coffee Cake, .Java.........
Coffee Cake, Iced.........
Craekuells.........................
15 !4
Cubans.................................
Frosted (’ream___
(linger Gems....................
Ginger Snaps, XXX...
Graham Crackers.........
Graham Wafers.............
Grandma Cakes.............
9
Imperials............................
Jumbles, Honey.............
12!4
Marshmallow..................
15
Marshmallow Creams.
16
Marshmallow Walnuts
16
Mich. Frosted Honey.
Molasses Cakes.............
8
Newton.................................
12
Nlc Nacs.............................
8
Orange Gems..................
8
Penny Assorted Cakes
8(j
Pretzels, hand made..
Sears’ Lunch....................
Sugar Cake.........................
8
Sugar Squares...............
9
Vanilla Wafers................
14
Sultanas...............................
12H
Fish an i Oysters
White fish.......................... @ 10
Trout...................................... Or 101016
Fr«*hli Fish
per lb.
Ciscoes or Herring___ @ 4
Blueftsh ............................... @ 11
Halibut................................ On
Live Lobster.................... @ 20
(fr-. 10
No. 1 Pickerel.................. On 10
Boiled Lobster............... @ 22
Cod..........................................
Haddock............................. On
Pike........................................ On
8‘4
Perch..................................... @ 5
Smoked White...............
8
Mackerel............................. @ 20
Red Snapper.................. @ 9
Col River Salmon......... @ 13
Oysters in Cans.
F. H. Counts................
F. J.  D. Selects...........
35
Selects .............................
30
F. .1. 1). Standards..
25
Anchors...........................
2 00
Standards......................
Bulk.
gal.
F.  H. Counts.......................
Extra Selects......................
1 75
Selects......................................
1 50
Anchor Standards.........
1 25
Clams, per 100..................
100
Standards.............................
1 05
Oysters, per 100.........1 256/1 50
Shell Goods.
Oils
Barrels
Eocene .................................
Perfection...........................
@12 @10V4 
XXX W. W. Mich. Hdlt
@10)4 
W. W. Michigan...........
Diamond White.............
@10 @ 9 @12)4 
D., 8. Gas...........................
Deo. Naphtha..................
(fi 12 ‘4 @34 @21 @ 9
Cylinder...............................2
Engine.................................1
Black, winter....................

6
6‘4
6%
9
10 25
12 50
12  00
70
2 50
1 25
2 25
3
60
10‘,415«4
16 00 
2 25 50 90 50 90 50 90

10
10
10
ll'/t
8
8
714
8
10
8

6*4
H
%
%
%
1
1 %

W  orces t ersh ire.

6
514
514

7
8

7

12

50

70

20
10

40

20

15

14

23

20

1214

7%

7

Cv,

135

1454

6

61

@11

@ 7

@10

@55
@55

Stick Caiiilybids, pails
Standard .............
7  (m  7%
Standard II. II...........
7  0k 7*4
Standard Twist.
7 Vi® 8
Cut l/Oaf..........................
Ot 8*4
eases
Jumbo. 32 lb..
O t  6*4
Extra H. H.................
@  8(4
Boston Cream.............
Mixed Candy
Grocers.........
@ 6
Competition.........
Standard..........
Conserve............
on 7Vj
Royal ....................
on  7*4
Ribbon ................
@ 8‘«
Broken .............
@ 8
Cut Loaf......................
@ 814
English Rock..............
@ 8%
Kindergarten.............
@ 8'j
h rendi Cream.............
@, 9
Dandy Pan...........
0ñ 8*4
Hand  Made (’ream
mixed ....
@13
Nobby...........................
8*4
Fancy—In Bulk
San Bias Goodies....
Lozenges, plain.........
# 9
Or 9
Lozenges, printed...
Choc. Drops....
r« 11
Choc. Monumentals.
@12 Vt
Gum Drops... 
.
Ot. 5
Moss Driips....
@ 8*4
Sour 1 irops.............
on  8*4
I in 1 ><• rials........................
ön 9*4
Ital. Cream Bonhous
35 lb. pails................
@11
Molasses Chews, 15
lb. pails......................
@13
Jelly Date Squares.
@10*4
Iced Marshmellons ...........  14
Fancy—In 5 11>.Boxes
Lemon Drops............
@50
Sour Drops...................
@50
Peppermint Drops..
@60
Chocolate Drops...
@65
H. M. Choc. Drops..
@75
H. M. Choc. Lt. and
Dk. No. 12.................
@90
Gum Drops..................
@30
Licorice firops...........
@75
A. B. Licorice Drops
@50
Lozenges, plain.........
@55
Lozenges, printed. 
.
@55
Imperials........................
@55
Mottoes...........................
@60
Cream Bar....................
Molasses Bar...............
Hand Made Creams. 80  @90
Cream Buttons, Pep.
and Wint...................
@65
String Rock..................
@60
Burnt Almonds.........125  @
Wintergreen Berries
@55
Caramels
No.  1 wrapped, 3 lb.
boxes.............................
@50
Fruits
Oranges
Fancy Rodi’s...............
@6 00
Sorrentos........................
@5 50
Lemons
Strietly choice 360s..
@5 00
Strictly choice axis..
@ 5 00
Fancy axis......................
(«5 50
Ex. Fancy 300s...........
@5 50
Bananas
Medium bunches___
1 OOfal 25
Large bunches...........
1 506/1 75
Foreign Dried ]'mit*
Figs
< 'alifornias, Fancy..
@13
Choice, 10 lb. boxes.
@12
Extra Choice,  10 lb.
boxes, new.................
@16
Fancy, i2 lb. boxes..
@22
Imperial Mikados, 18
@
lb. boxes......................
Pulled, 6 lb. boxes...
@
Naturals, iu bags.,..
<m 7
Dates
Fards in 10 1b. boxes
@10
Fards in 60 lb. cases.
® 6
<a 6
Persians, P. H. V...
lb. cases, new.........
(at 6
Sairs, 60 lb. cases....
@ 5
Nuts
Almonds, Tarragona
@16
Almonds, Ivica.........
@14
Almonds, California,
soft shelled...............
@16
Brazils, new..................
@ 7
Filberts...........................
@10
Walnuts, Grenobles. 
ia.13‘4@11
Walnuts, Calif No. 1. 
Walnuts, soft shelled
California..................
Table Nuts, fancy... 
Table Nuts, choice..
Pecans, Med..............
Pecans, Ex. Large...
@  754@ 9 
Pecans, Jumbos.........
Hickory Nuts per bu.
Ohio, new..................
@12@1 60 
Cocoanuts, full sacks 
@3 50 
Chestnuts, per bu ...
(9@ 7@ 7 
Peanuts 
Fancy, H. P., Suns.. 
Fancy, H. 1\, Flags
Roasted.......................
(a 5
Choice, H. P., Extras 
Choice, H. P., Extras 
Roasted......................
@ 6

@11 
(«11 
(«10 

62

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

EXCELSIOR.

Origin  and  Development  of  the  Business 

in  Michigan.

The  first  excelsior  manufactured  in 
Michigan  was  made  about  forty  years 
ago  by  C.  C.  Comstock  and E.  F.  Ward, 
who  wanted  some  for  mattresses.  It  was 
cut  on  a  jointer  such  as 
is  commonly 
used  in  a  furniture  factory.  At this  time 
the  cost  of  what  little  excelsior  was used 
in  Michigan  was  from  thirty  to  forty 
dollars  per ton.

The  first  factory  established  in  Mich­
igan  was  at  Benton  Harbor  in  the  early 
seventies  by  Miller  Bros.,  who contin­
ued  in  business  about  ten  years.  Dish- 
man  &  Wheeler  started  a  factory  on 
Third  street,  in  this  city,  three  years 
later and  manufactured for several years, 
but  finally  gave  it  up  as  unprofitable. 
The  Grand  Rapids  Excelsior  Co.  (L. 
C.  Butts),  now  Dale  Bros.,  and  F.  B. 
Day,  now  the  J.  W.  Fox  Excelsior  Co., 
both  began  manufacturing 
in  1877,  the 
former on  Taylor street  and  the  latter on

right  machine,  one  man  will  cut  from 
3,500 to 4,000  pounds  in  the  same  time. 
In  my  opinion,  there  is  a  chance  for 
still  greater  improvements.

At  the  present  time  there  are  eight 
grades  of excelsior manufactured,  among 
them  being  medium  and  coarse 
f( 
mattress  work,  fine  for general  packing 
and  wood  wool  (curled  hair)  for  u[ 
bolstering.

The  various  uses  to  which  this  article 

has  been  applied  are  many.  At  first 
•was  used  for  furniture  almost  exclusive 
ly,  but  at  the  present  time  it  is  used  for 
all  sorts  of  packing  and  upholstering, 
from  packing  furniture,  crockery  and 
It  is  used 
glassware  to  iron  castings. 
confec 
largely 
tionery  and  bakers’ goods. 
It  is  also 
used  by  carriage  and  sleigh  manufac 
turers  and  casket  manufacturers.

for  packing  eggs, 

actual  cost  of  manufacturing 
enormous  profit. 

The  price  has  varied  from  less  than 
to  an 
In  1877  the  average 
rice  for  packing  excelsior was  $14  per 

ton;  in  1878  it  sold  for §12  per  ton; 
1879 §10  per ton ;in  1884 $18  per ton,  and 
n  1894  it  sold  for $8  per ton.  The  pres 
ent  price  is  about $13. 

J.  W.  Fox.

i 

SUCCESSFUL  SALESMEN.

F.  W.  Oesterle,  Representing'  Rindge, 

Kalmbach,  Logie  St  Co.

Frederick  W.  Oesterle  was  bom  in 
Grand  Rapids  Jan.  10,  1868,  his  ante­
cedents  being  German  on  both  sides. 
He  attended  the  public  school  on  North 
Ionia  street  and  spent  two  years  in  the 
high  school,  when  he  took  a  six months’ 
commercial  course  in  Swensberg’s Busi­
ness  College.  His  first  work  was  with 
Champlin  &  More  as  office  boy,  with 
whom  he  remained  six  months.  Aug.  8, 
883,  he  secured employment  in the shoe 
factory  of  the  then 
firm  of  Rindge, 
Bertsch  &  Co.,  where  he  remained  five 
years.  He  was  then  promoted  to  the 
position  of  billing  clerk,  which  he  oc­
cupied  two  years,  and  subsequently  to 
that  of  shipping  clerk,  which  he  occu­
pied  one  year.  On  the  retirement  of 
Russell  W.  Bertsch,  he  was  given  his 
territory,  comprising 
the  Pentwater

Suggestions  on  the  Selection  of Lamps.
The  season 

is  now  at  hand  when  the 
retailer  must  think  of  replenishing  hi 
stock  of  lamps.  They  should  be  varied 
in  assortment  according  to  the  pocket 
book  of  the  clientele  to which  the  deale 
caters.  Every  one  knows  by  this  time 
what  things  of  beauty 
lamps  can  be 
However,  it  is  also  equally  well  known 
that  the  latter  variety  are generally quite 
expensive  and  are  only  in  demand  by 
the  better class  of  trade.  But  there  are 
styles  in 
lamps  which  are  quite  pleas­
ing  and  yet  are  not  so  very  high  in 
price.  These  are  the  kind  that  are 
most  popular  and  which  the  retailer 
should  strive  most  energetically  to  pur­
chase. 
It  has  been  said  that  there  is no 
sther  line  of  goods  so  difficult  to  keep 
an  unbroken  stock  of  as  lamps,  nor  is  it 
always  possible  to  readily  gauge  the  de­
mand  for them.  Decorated  parlor  lamps 
are  always  in  request.  Those with  china 
bowls  and  shades  and  embossed  decora­
tions  are  quite  cheap,  yet  equally  at­
tractive.  These  may  be  obtained  with 
lavender,  green,  and  canary  decorations 
and  when  fitted  with  brass  sun  burners 
make  lamps  which  would  suit  a  fastidi­
ous taste  which  is  not  accompanied  by 
a  very  fat  pocket  book.  Others  equally 
desirable  and  yet  cheap  are  decorated 
with  pastoral  scenes  on  globes 
instead 
of  shades.  These  have  yellow,  rose 
color,  and  blue  decorations  on  the  bowl 
if  the  lamp,  and  are  fitted  with  brass 
gallery  burners.  A  somewhat  more  ex­
pensive  style  which  is  even  more  pleas- 
ng  has  a  fancy,  rounded  and  somewhat 
fluted  bowl,  tinted  in  delicate  shades, 
with  a  conventional  design  in rose color, 
green,  and  canary  on  the  bowls  and 
shades.  Below these  are  sprays  of  flow­
ers :  forget-me-not  spray,  daisy  spray, 
and  wild  flower  spray.  The  colors  in 
these  are  pleasing  and  harmonious.

So  It  Is  With  Most  People.

with  wide  ears.

“ Are  you  fond  of  music?”
.  ,^ exy , 
answered  the  young  man 
‘ ‘ How  do  you  make  the  distinction 
between  popular  music  and  classical 
music?”

‘ ‘ Easily. 

If  I  enjoy  it 

it’s  popular) 

and  if  I  don't  like  it  it’s  classical.”

There’s  very  little 

luck  in  business 
success.  Circumstances  may  place  a 
fool  or  a  knave  in  an  important  posi- 
tion,  but  it  requires brain  sand  honesty 
to  keep  him  there.

branch,  the  Kalamazoo  division  of the 
Lake  Shore  Railroad,  the  Chicago  & 
West  Michigan  to  LaPorte  and  about  a 
dozen  towns  in  Northern  Indiana.  He 
undertakes  to  see  his  trade  every  six 
months.

Mr.  Oesterle 

is  a  member  of  the 
Michiagn  Knights  of  the  Grip  and  two 
bodies  of  the  Masonic  order—Valley 
City  Lodge  No.  86  and  Grand  Rapids 
Chapter  (Royal  Arch)  No.  7.  He  is 
Iso a  member of  the  German Methodist 
Episcopal  church.

Mr.  Oesterle  will  be  married  Sept.  14 
to  Miss  Clara  Horst,  who  was  formerly 
resident  of  this  city  during  the  time 
her  father  was  pastor  of  the  German 
Methodist  church here.  Mr.  Oesterle and 
bride  will  reside  at  the  family  resi­
dence,  275  North  Ionia  street,  pending 
the  construction  of a  new  home  in  some 
other  part  of the  city.

Mr.  Oesterle  attributes  his  success  to 
the  fact  that  he  insists  on  selling  a  man 
the  goods  he  can  dispose  of  readily  and 
a  good  profit.  He  never  urges  a 
dealer  to  buy  goods  because  they  are 
cheap,  unless  he  has  a  trade  which  will 
take  them,  because  cheap  as  they  may 
be,  they  prove  dear  in  the  end.  He 
finds  that  his  experience  in  the  factory 
has  been  of great  value  to him  because, 
when  a  dealer wants  something unusual, 
he  is  in  a  position  to  tell  him  whether 
the  suggestion  is  a  practicable  one  or 
not.  He  is  a  prince  of  good  nature  and 
is  always  sure  of  a  cordial  reception, 
both  at  the  hands  of  the  trade  and in the 
house  on  his  return.

When  a  man  has greatness  thrust  up­
on  him,  it usually  doesn’t  take  him  very 
long  to get  rid  of  it.

Sixth  street. 
In  1880  Roberts  Bros 
started  a  small  factory  on  Mill  street, 
which  was  run  a  short  time  and  then 
removed  to  Lyons  and  later on  to  Pier 
son  and  run  in  connection  with  a  flour 
ing  mill. 
It  was  soon  destroyed  by  fire 
and  never  rebuilt.  A.  M.  Collins  had  a 
factory  on  Grandville  avenue  for a  few 
years  and  Donker  &  Quist  ran  one  for 
a  short  time  on  Elizabeth  street.

There  have  been  several 

factories 
started 
in  the  State,  but  very  few  of 
them  continued  in  the  business  for  any 
great  length  of time.  M.  B.  Faughner 
&  Co.  had  a  factory  at  Owosso,  which 
was  destroyed  by  fire  and  was  rebuilt  at 
Alma  and  again  burned.  The  Shiawas­
see  County  Excelsior Co.  once  operated 
a  factory  at  Bancroft.  One  was  also 
started  at  Perrington  by Charles  Rigley, 
of  Owosso,  which  was  destroyed  by  fire 
and  never rebuilt.  Ed.  Jennings  ran  one 
at  Pinconning,  which  was  burned. 
Cheboygan,  Kalamazoo,  Berlin,  Niles, 
Buchanan,  Bay  City,  Zeeland  and  Reed 
City  have  all  had  their experience  with 
excelsior  factories.  At  present  the  fac­
tories  doing  business  in  Michigan  are 
two  at  Grand  Rapids,  one  at  Detroit, 
one  at  Muskegon,  one  at  Harriette  and 
two  at  Alpena.
^»The  first  excelsior  machine  was  a 
large  wheel,  called  the  Yankee  Whit­
tier,  which  cut  excelsior  very  fast,  but 
not  the  best quality  and  was  soon  dis­
is  called  the  upright 
carded  for  what 
machine. 
This  machine  has  been 
greatly  improved  within  the  last  three 
or  four  years.  At  first  one  man  would 
cut  about  1,600  pounds  in  ten  hours.  At 
present,  with  the 
latest  improved  up­

From the New Orleans Times-Democrat.

Testing  Drugs  on  Animals.

“ You’ve  heard  the  theatrical  expres­
sion,  ‘trying  it  on  a  dog,’  ”   saida local 
representative  of  a  great  manufacturing 
drug  house. 
‘ ‘ It  means an  experimen­
tal  performance  of  a  new  play  in  some 
small  city. 
If  the  dog,  otherwise  the 
small  city,  shows  no great  symptoms  of 
distress  they  venture  the  thing  in  New 
York.  Well,  in  our  line  of  business  we 
frequently 
‘ try  it  on  a  dog,’  also  on  a 
frog,  a  rat,  a  rooster,  a  guinea  pig,  and 
other animals  too  numerous  to  mention. 
Our  trials  are  literal,  not  figurative. 
We  make  them  to  ascertain  the  strength 
of  certain  drugs  which,  for  some  rea­
son  or other,  defy  chemical  analysis.  In 
such  cases  we  resort  to  what  is  called  a 
physiological test.  Suppose, for instance, 
we  want  to  find  out  the  strength  of  a 
sample  of  digitalis,  which,  if  in  good 
condition,  has  a  stimulating  effect  on 
the  heart.  The  experts  on  the  staff of 
the  laboratory  at  our  works  force  a  drop 
of  the  stuff  into the  stomach  of a  small 
frog,  which 
in  a  deli­
cate  machine  called  a  kymograph  that 
records  its  heart  beats  on  a  strip  of 
paper.  The  digitalis  may  be  perfectly 
dead  and  inert  and  it may be  strong  and 
active—no chemist  could  tell  the  differ­
ence—but  the  kymograph  gets  at  the 
infallible  certainty,  and  the 
truth  with 
sample 
The 
frogs  used  are  little  fellows  not  over two 
inches  long  and  they  are  rather  hard  to 
get.  Some  time  ago  we  sent  the  house 
a  consignment  from  New  Orleans,  but 
they  proved  to be  too  large.  Why  do we 
use  such  small  ones?  Because  it  takes 
less  of  the  drug  to  affect  them. 
It’s 
merely  a  matter of  economy.

is  graded  accordingly. 

is  then  placed 

“ Some of the  other tests  are still more 
curious,”   continued  the drug man,  “ and 
none  queerer than  that  of ergot.  To  as­
its  active  properties  a  small 
certain 
is  injected 
quantity 
into  a  full  grown 
rooster. 
If  the  drug  is  up  to  standard 
strength  the  comb  of  the  fowl  soon  be­
gins  to  turn  blue and eventually becomes 
almost  black.  The  power of the  \ artic­
ular sample  on  trial  is  indicated  by  the 
deepness  of  the  discoloration.  This  test 
is  the _ only  reliable  one  known  and  is 
exceedingly  valuable,  because  ergot  has 
a  strange  trick  of  occasionally  losing  all 
its  medicinal  properties  without  show­
ing  the  slightest  change  in  general  ap­
pearance. 
‘ Hasheesh,’  which  has  fig­
ured  so  extensively  in  romances  of  the 
Orient,  is  known  scientifically  as  Can­
nabis  Indjca.  It  is tested on dogs.  When 
the  drug  is  all  right  the  dog  soon begins 
to get  ‘ dopy, ’  staggers  in  its  walk  and 
eventually  keels  over  and  dreams 
dreams,  The  necessity  of  testing  hash­
eesh  grows  out  of  a  very  singular  fact: 
As  most  people  know,  it  is  made  from 
the  blossom  of  Indian  hemp,  but  it  is 
only  the  unfertilized  female  flower  that 
has  any  narcotic  properties.  The  male 
flowers  and  the  seed-bearing 
female 
flowers are  absolutely  valueless,  but  all 
three  look  alike  to the  naked  eye.  So 
does  the  tincture  prepared  from  them, 
and,  like  the  other drugs  mentioned,  it 
doesn’t  yield  to  analysis.  These  tests 
will  give  a  fair  idea  of  the  modem 
method  of  getting  at  facts  about  medi­
cines.  They  are  only  a  few  out  of 
many.  Altogether,  I  suppose  that  up­
ward  of  a  dozen  different  animals  are 
used,  each  selected  because  of  its  sensi­
tiveness  to  some  special  preparation. 
Occasionally  the  sentimentalists  raise  a 
wail  over  the  poor  guinea  pigs  and 
white  rats  and  the  innocent  frogs  that 
are  sacrificed  to  science,  but  if  it  was 
not  for  the  help  of these  creatures  we 
would  have  to  fall  back  on  the  old-fash­
ioned  method  of  distinguishing  toad­
stools  from  mushrooms. 
* Cook  them 
and  eat  them,’  was the  formula,  ‘ and  if 
they  don’t  kill  you  they  are  mush­
rooms. ’  ”

Not  That  Kind  of Hose.

“ The  garden  hose  needs  mending, 
George,”  said  Mrs.  Snaggs.  “ How  do 
you  mend  garden  hose?”
“ Oh,  dam  the  hose!”   replied  Mr. 
Snaggs,  who was  reading the  newspaper 
just  then  and  did  not  want  to  be  both­
ered.

Nevertheless,  that 

is  not  the  sort  of 

hose  to be  mended  by  darning.

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

63

LEONARD  &  SONS

GRAND  RAPIDS,  MIOH.

View  of  the  new  wholesale  sample  room  on  first  floor,  corner  Fulton 

and  Commerce  Streets,  5,000  square  feet.

Manufacturers,  direct  importers  and  jobbers  of  the  largest  lines  of  Holiday  Goods. 
Your  personal  inspection  is  solicited  to view  our  assortment of  staple  Holiday  Goods  in 
China  of  every  description,  Dolls,  Toys,  Games,  Albums,  Celluloid  Case 
Goods,  Books and  Novelties at  prices  equal  to  the  lowest. 
A re  you  on  our 
mailing  list? 

If not,  write  for  our  monthly  catalogues.  Correspondence  invited.
H.  LEONARD  &  SONS

64

F A R M   IM PLE M E N TS.

Features  o f  the  Business  Not  Generally 

Known.

The  farm  implement  trade 

in  Grand 
Rapids  ranks  among  the  smaller  indus­
tries  of  the  city  and  is  characterized  by 
being  represented by  fewer dealers  and 
manufacturers  than  most  of  the  other 
lines  of  merchandise. 
The  sale  of 
farming  tools  is  necessarily  limited  to 
only  a  portion  of  the  large  army  of  con­
sumers,  as  a  whole,  who  seek  Grand 
Rapids  for supplies.

Everyone  must  buy  shoes,  but  few 
have  need  of  a  hoe  and  fewer  still  of 
self-binders  and  less  still  for a threshing 
machine,  yet 
it  may  be  interesting  to 
know  that  although  the  demand  for farm 
implements  appears 
limited  and  the 
number  of  firms  directly  engaged  in 
their sale  may  be  almost  counted  on  the 
fingers  of  one  hand, 
the  total 
amount  annually  sold  from  Grand  Rap­
ids  reaches  the  surprising  sum  of  a 
million  and  a  half of  dollars.

yet 

With  the  exception  of  farm  wagons,

Samuel  Fox,  located  on  South  D ivi­
sion  street,  has,  for  the  past  fourteen 
years,  done  an  extensive  and  conserva­
tive  retail  business  in  the  implement 
trade.  This  house  was  originated  in 
1885  *n  a  partnership  existing  between 
Myron  Hester  and  Samuel  Fox,  and 
continued  to  do  business  unitl  1892, 
when  Mr.  Hester  retired  from  the  firm 
and  the  business  has  since  been  con­
tinued by  Samuel  Fox alone.

The  present  firm  of  Adams  &  Hart 
was  originated  in  1888 by  W.  M.  Adams 
and  in  1889  the  late  Isaac  D.  North  be­
came  associated  with  him  and  the  firm 
became  Adams  &  North,  doing  an  ex­
clusive business  in  the  farm  implement 
and  carriage  trade. 
In  1890  Mr.  North 
retired  from  the  firm  on  account  of  ill 
health  and  was  succeeded  in  1891  by the 
present  member of  the  firm,  George  W. 
Hart,  since  which  time  the business  has 
grown  from  a  small  beginning  to the 
second  in  size  in  the  city.

The  four  large  harvesting  machine 
companies, who do  both  a  wholesale  and 
a  retail  business,  are  among  the  most 
conspicuous  who are  directly  connected 
with  the  implement  business. 
It  is  re­
ported  upon  good  authority  that  no  less 
than  <),ooo  binders,  mowers,  hay  rakes 
and  com  huskers  are  annually  distrib­
uted  through  these  agencies  in this  city, 
which  amounts  in  the  volume  of  busi­
ness  to  about  §800,000,  through  their 
able  representatives.

The  Champion  Harvesting  Machine 
Co.  was  about the  first  to  see  that Grand 
Rapids  was  to  be  the  metropolis  of 
Western  Michigan  and  a  shipping  point 
for  the  adjoining  counties  and  located 
its  general  agency  here  in  1886  under 
the  management  of the  late Charles  Bar­
ton. 
In  1888  the  present  agent,  E.  T. 
Homing,  assumed  the  management  and 
has  continued  to  increase  the  trade until 
it  now  stands  second  to no other transfer 
house  in  the  State.

The  next  to  follow was the McCormick

It  is  a  compliment 

Grand  Rapids  manufactures  none  of  the 
farm  implements  disposed  of  at  Grand 
Rapids. 
to  the 
wagon  trade  to know that  85  per cent,  of 
all  the  wagons  sold  in  this  city  are 
manufactured  here,  while  the  remainder 
of  the  money  received  from  this  branch 
of  trade  goes  through  the  agencies  in 
Grand  Rapids  and  is  sent  abroad  to 
manufacturers  in  other  parts  of  this 
State  and  in  other states.

Why  not  manufacture  farm 

imple­

ments  in  Grand  Rapids?

The  construction  of  implements  has 
undergone  marked  changes.  The  cast- 
iron  and  wooden  tools  of  fifteen  or 
twenty  years  ago  are  being  supplanted 
all  along  the  line  with  the  all  steel  cul­
tivators,  all  steel  hay  rakes,  all  steel 
grain  drills,  all  steel  self-binders,  steel, 
wind  mills,  hay  presses— in  fact,  every­
thing  now  is  all  steel.
Perhaps  the  most 

important  of  all 
changes  that  have  taken  place  is  the  re­
duction 
in  prices  on  most  of the  farm 
implements  for  sale.  A  few  illustra­
tions  will  suffice:  In  1882  a  nine  hoe 
grain  drill  sold  at $85 ;  in  1899  at $55- 
In  1882  a  farm  wagon  sold  at  $120; 
in 
1899  at  $55.  In  1882  self-binders  sold  at 
$300;  in  1899  at $125.  The  reduction  in 
the  prices of  farm  tools  and  the  greatly 
improved  construction  and 
increased 
utility  has  many  times  compounded  the 
output  as  an  offset to  the  reduction  in 
prices.

Another  change 

in  the  method  of 
handling  the  harvesting  machine  trade

G radually  G aining  Ground.

Manistee,  Sept.  4—At  the  last  meet­
ing of the  Manistee  Business  Men’s  As­
sociation,  the  annual  dues  were changed 
from  §5  a  year to $1  ;  but  it  is  provided 
that  at  any  time  it  is  found  necessary  to 
raise  more  money,  it can be  done  by  as­
sessment  by  order of  the  President.

Seven  members  will  constitute  a  quo­

rum  instead  of  ten  as  heretofore.

Jacob  Aarons,  chairman  of the Solicit­
ing  Committee,  reported  sixty-five  ap­
plications  for membership.

The  Secretary  was  instructed  to  ask 
the  Council  for  permission  to  u  e  the 
Council  rooms  for holding  its  meetings 
in.

The  election  of  committees  was  de­

ferred  until  next  meeting.

Advertisem ents  w ill  be  inserted  under 
this  head  for  tw o  cents  a  word  the  first 
insertion  and  one  cent  a  word  for  each 
subsequent  insertion.  No  advertisem ents 
taken  for  less  than  25  cents.  Advance 
payments.
________ BU SIN ESS  C H A N CES.

WANTED—TO BUY STOCK OF GENERAL 
Merchandise in the country, in Central 
Michigan, invoicing from $800 to $1,200.  M. 
Stimson, Hadley, Mich. 
62
F>OR SALE—WELL-SELECTED STOCK OF 
general merchandise in Northern Michigan 
town of 5,000 inhabitants; doing an annual busi­
ness of $20,000.  Reason for selling, other affairs 
to look after.  Bargain to anyone meaning busi­
ness.  Will sell on easy terms.  Address No. 67, 
care Michigan Tradesman. 
67
F'OR  SALE—STORE  BUILDING,  80 x 24, 
two stories and basement; second story a 
residence, and, with small expense, could be 
made into  an elegant hotel, which the town 
needs.  Also $3,000 clean stock of general mer­
chandise.  Good farming community and town 
of 600 inhabitants.  Cause for selling, ill health. 
Address Box 66, Wayland, Mich. 
66
For  sale  or  exchange  for  gen-
eral Merchandise—One.forty acre fruit farm 
with choice varieties of fruit in bearing; one 
sixty-live acre fruit farm; one twenty-five acre 
fruit farm.  Too much land is the only reason 
for selling.  Apply to T. R. Smith, Lawton, 
Mich. 
64
IT'OR SALE—GROCERY AND SHOE STOCK, 
connected with best general store in Michi­
gan.  Stock invoices about $2,000; no trades, all 
cash; splendid opportunity for a hustler; coun­
try town; best farming country.  Owner wisher 
to devote time to balance of stock.  Average 
sales, $2,000 per month.  Address Box No. 63, 
care Michigan Tradesman. 
63
PARTNER WANTED WITH SMALL CAP- 
ital to take interest in a valuable prepara­
69
tion.  Address Box 205, Sunfield, Mich. 

MICHIGAN  TRADESMAN

is  noticed 
in  the  fact  that  it  has  now 
entirely  passed  out  of  the  hands  of  the 
local  dealers  and  is  directly  controlled 
and  operated  by  salaried  men  under the 
general  agents  of  the  several  great  har­
vesting machine companies.  The change 
has  resulted 
in  increasing  many  fold 
the  number of harvesting  machines sold 
in  this  territory.

The  implement  trade  in  Grand  Rap­
ids  is  represented  principally  by  three 
exclusive 
implement  dealers,  and  four 
large  transfer  houses,  representing  the 
great  harvesting  machine  companies 
who do both  a  wholesale  and  retail busi­
ness.

Among  those  who are  engaged  in  the 
implement  business,  the  firm  of  Brown 
&  Sehler  has  the  distinction  of being 
the  oldest,  the  business  having  been  es­
tablished  in  1876  by  the 
late  E.  T. 
Brown.  Three  years  later  a  son  of  the 
deceased,  Frank  E.  Brown,  became  as­
in  1882  John 
sociated  with  him,  and 
Sehler  bought  an 
interest  in  the  busi­
ness,  and  the  firm  also bought  out  the 
remains  of the  stock  of the  old  firm  of 
Luther  &  Sumner.  This  new  firm  now 
became  E.  T.  Brown  &  Co.  and  trans­
acted  a  general  business  in  the  imple­
ment  trade  and  began  the  wholesaling 
of  implements  to  the  adjoining  towns. 
In  1885  E.  T.  Brown  retired  from  the 
firm  and  it  then  became  the  present 
firm  of  Brown  &  Sehler,  who have  con­
tinued  about the  same  line  of trade  ex­
cept to  enlarge  their capacity. 
In  1897 
they  added  one  important  feature  to 
their  business,  that  of  the  manufacture 
of  harness,  which  has  proven  very satis­
factory.

Harvesting  Machine  Co.,  under  the 
management  of  Edward  Stoddard,  who 
has  established  a  transfer and  reposi­
tory  for  the  well-known  McCormick 
harvesting  machines. 
This  probably 
does  the  largest  business  in  the  city,but 
close  to 
it  comes  O.  P.  Byers,  the 
hustling 
representative  of  the  Wm. 
Deering  Co.,  which established a branch 
in  Grand  Rapids  three  years  ago and 
has  run  up  the  output  of  his  harvesters 
quite  beyond  his  expectations  and  that 
of the  manufacturers.

George  W.  Logan,  the  representative 
of  D.  M.  Osborn  &  Co.,  was  placed 
in 
charge  of this territory  in  1899,  and  has 
worked  up  a  large  and 
lucrative  trade, 
E.  L.  Fry  being  the local  transfer  and 
sales  agent.  Mr.  Logan  was  preceded 
in  his  work  by  Mr.  Maloney,  who  es­
tablished  the  general  agency  in  Grand 
Rapids  in  1896,  and  it  is  an earnest  and 
energetic  race  between  the  representa­
tives  of  these  four great  companies  to 
see  which  shall  acquire  the  largest  and 
most  profitable  in  the  twelve  or  fifteen 
counties  immediately  tributary to  Grand 
Rapids.
late  Wm.  C.  Dennison  began 
The 
business  in  1856  and  did  an  extensive 
general  farm  implement  trade  through­
out  Western  Michigan.  His  business 
at  one  time  was  the  largest  of  any  deal­
er  in  the  State,  but  due  to  unfortunate 
management  and  reverses  in  business 
late  in 
life,  the  results  of  his  labors 
slipped  away and  he  died  almost  penni­
less  in  i8g6.
Among  others  who  have  also been  in­
terested  in  the  implement  trade  was  the 
late  firm  of  Knapp,  Simons  &  Warren, 
Luther  &  Sumner and  Richmond  Bros. 
Of their  history  the  writer  knows  little.

W.  M.  Adams.

41

57

52

54

55

Po r t  s a l e —m e a t   m a r k e t ;  o n e   o f

U* A n t e d — y o u r  o r d e r   f o r  a  r u b b e r
958

T1 
O RENT—ONE OR TWO BRICK STORES 
with deep cellars. 22x75 feet, oft Main street, 
in Opera House block. Mendon, Mich.  Write to 
Levi Cole. 
the best locations in the city;  customers 
all good  pay;  doing a good paying business. 
Address No. 53. care Michigan Tradesman.  53 
IT'OR  SALE — BELGIAN  HARES  WITH 
r  hutches, etc.; get in on the ground floor for 
the boom in hare furs.  Albert Baxter, Muske­
gon, Mich. 
tIOOD OPENING FOR DRY GOODS OR 
* department store at Centerville, Mich. Ad­
dress Box 135. 
WANTED—GOOD LOCATION FOR OPEN- 
ing a good clothing store, or would buy out 
stock  Address Box 32, Sturgis, Mich. 
56
'ORTiALE—THE CRANE MANUFACTl)R- 
ing mill at South Frankfort, fully equipped 
for the manufacture of hardwood lumber. 
Im­
Inquire of  Ann Arbor 
mediate  possession. 
Sayings Bank, Ann Arbor, Mich. 
58
IT'OR SALE AT A BARGAIN—WELL-STOCK- 
F  ed variety store in a thriving town of 2,500. 
Good location, excellent trade.  Other business 
reason for selling.  Address Box 344, Otsego. 
Mich. 
LM>R SALE—STOCK OF DRUGS, SUNDRIES, 
r 
fountain, etc., in excellent farming town; 
central location; established twenty years; big 
profits; rent very cheap.  Will sell at a big dis­
count.  Present owner not a druggist.  Address 
No. 48, care Michigan Tradesman. 
48
A DRUG STOCK FOR SALE VERY CHEAP 
on account of the death of the proprietor. 
For particulars write to Mrs.  Anna Tomlin, 
Bear Lake, Mich. 
rpO RENT—TWO STORES IN NEW CORNER 
JL block in city of Belding—one of the best 
towns in  Michigan.  Has eight factories, all 
running, comprising the following:  Two silk 
mills, two refrigerator factories, basket factory, 
shoe factory, furniture factory, box factory; 
planing mill and flouring mill.  Stores are lo­
cated on Main street in good location.  Size of 
corner store, 25x85 feet.  Good basement, run­
ning water, electric lights.  Rent to good par­
ties reasonable.  Address Belding Land & Im­
provement Co., Belding, Mich. . 
45
F'OR SALE—CLEAN STOCK OF CLOTHING 
and men’s furnishings in one of the best 
growing towns in Southern Michigan.  Good 
trade.  Other business reason for selling.  Ad­
dress A. M., Michigan Tradesman. 
25
stamp.  Best stamps- on earth at prices 
that  are right.  Will J.  Weller, Muskegon, 
Mich. 
F'OR SALE OR EXCHANGE FOR GENERAL 
Stock of Merchandise—60 acre farm, part 
clear, architect house and barn; well watered.
I also have two 40 acre farms and one 80 acre 
farm to exchange.  Address No. 12, care Michi­
gan Tradesman. 
'T'HE SHAFTING,  HANGERS  AND  PUL- 
X  leys formerly used to drive the Presses of 
the Tradesman are for sale at a nominal price. 
Power users making additions or changes will 
do well to investigate.  Tradesman Company, 
Grand Rapids, Michigan. 
983
IT'OR SALE—GOOD BAZAAR STOCK.  EN- 
r  quire of  Hollon &  Hungerford,  Albion, 
Mich. 
IT'OR  SALE—NEW GENERAL STOCK.  A 
r  splendid farming conntry.  No trades.  Ad­
dress No. 680, care Michigan Tradesman. 
680
lot, with barn, for sale cheap on easy terms, 
or will exchange for tract of hardwood timber. 
Big bargain for some one.  Possession given any 
time. 
Investigation solicited.  E. A. Stowe, 24 
Mo d e r n   c i t y   r e s i d e n c e   a n d   l a r g e
Kellogg street. Grand Rapids. 
grain and produce and other lines of busi­
ness can learn of good locations by communi­
cating with H. H. Howe, Land and Industrial 
Agent C. & W. M. and D., G. R. & W. Railways, 
Grand Rapids, Mich. 
IT'OR SALE—A  RARE  OPPORTUNITY—A 
flourishing business, clean stock of  shoes 
and furnishing goods; established cash trade; 
best store and location in city; located among 
the best iron mines in the country.  The coming 
spring will open up with a boom for this city, 
with prosperous times for years to come a cer, 
tainty.  Rent free for six months, also a dis­
count on stock; use of fixtures free.  Store and 
location admirably adapted for any line of busi­
ness and conducted at small expense.  Get in 
line before too late.  Failing health reason for 
selling.  Address  P. O. Box 204,  Negaimee, 
Mich. 
913
W’ANTED — REGISTERED 
ASSISTANT 
pharmacist.  Address Solon, care Mich­
igan Tradesman. 
61
WANTED — AN  ASSISTANT  PHARMA- 
cist.  Give age, experience, references and 
salary wanted. Allen B. Way, Sparta, Mich. 60 
W  A NTED — AN  ASSISTANT  PH AKMA- 
cist.  Apdress, with  reference. Box 24, 
Richland. Mich. 
65
\ \ TANTED—^SITUATION OR LOt ATlON AS 
vv  pharmacist or physician or both.  Address 
No. 68, care Michigan Tradesman. 
68
Y\’ANTED-^P( iSITION as  manager  or 
head clerk in general store.  Have had 
valuable experience as manager and buyer for 
ten years.  Annual sales, $50,000.  Address No. 
51, care Michigan Tradesman. 
WANTED—POSITION AS CLERK.  NINE 
years’ experience in dry goods and general 
trade.  Address No. 43, care Michigan Trades­
man. 
ANTED—POSITION BY DRUGGIST, 14 
years’ experience.  Address No. 40, care 
Michigan Tradesman. 
ANTED—SITUATION  AS TRAVELING 
salesman, commission or salary, clothing, 
boots and shoes, men’s furnishing goods or gro­
ceries.  Good references given.  Address 998, 
998
care Michigan Tradesman. 

A n y   o n e   w i s h i n g   t o   e n g a g e  i n   t h e

M ISCELLAN EO U S.

993

919

40

43

12

16

51

Travelers’  Time  Tables.

Saginaw Mercantile Association

Adrian  Retail Grocers’ Association

Detroit Retail Grocers’ Association

MERCANTILE  ASSOCIATIONS

Michigan Bnalneu Men’s Association 
President, C. L.  W h it n e y, Traverse City; Sec­
retary,  E . A .  Stow e, Grand Rapids.
Michigan  Retail Grocers’ Association 
President, J .W is l e b , Mancelona; Secretary, E. 
A.  Stow e, Grand Rapids.
Michigan  Hardware  Association 
President, C. G.  J ew ett,  Howell;  Secretary 
He n r y C.  Min n ie, Eaton Rapids.
President, J oseph Kn ig h t; Secretary, E . Ma s k s . 
221 Greenwood ave: Treasurer, C.H.  F r in k .
Grand  Rapids  Retail Grocers’ Association 
President,  F r a n k J.  Dt k ;  Secretary,  Homer 
K l a p ; Treasurer, J. Geo.  L ehm an.
President, P. F.  T r ban o r; Vice-President, J ohn 
McB b a t n ie ; Secretary,  W.  H.  L e w is.
Jackson Retail Grocers’ Association 
President, J.  F r a n k H b l m b b ; Secretary,  W.  H. 
Po r t e r ; Treasurer, L.  P elton.
President, A. C. C la r k ; Secretary, E. F. Cleve 
l a n d ; Treasurer,  Wm.  C.  K oehn. 
President, M. L.  D e Ba t s  ; Sec’y, S. W.  W a t e r s .
Kalamazoo Retail Grocers’ Association 
President,  W.  H.  J oh nson;  Secretary,  C hab. 
President,  T hos. T.  B a t e s;  Secretary,  M.  B. 
Ho l l y ; Treasurer, C. A. Hammond.
Owosso  Business  Men’s  Association 
President, A. D.  W h ipple ; Secretary, G. T. Cam p 
b e l l ; Treasurer, W. E.  C ollins.
President,  F .  W.  Gil c h r ist;  Secretary,  C.  L. 
President, L.  M.  W ilso n ; Secretary, Ph il ip Hil- 
b e r : Treasurer, S. J.  Hu ppo b d.
St. Johns Business  Men’s  Association. 
President, T hos. B b o m l e y; Secretary,  F b a n k  A, 
Pk b c y ; Treasurer, C l a b k  A. P u tt.
President,F. D. Vos; Secretary, J. W. VebHobks.
President, C h as. R o u n d s; Sec’y, F r a n k P u tn ey.

President,  H. W. W a l l a c e;  Sec’y, T . E . He d d lk.
Grand Haven Retail Merchaats’ Association

Htm an.
Traverse City Basilicas Men’s Association

Grand  Rapids RetaM Meat Dealers’ Association

Bay Cities Retail Grocers’ Association

Alpena Business Men’s Association

Perry Business Men’s Association

Yale  Business Men’s Association

Pa r tr id g e.

,

T R A V E L

VIA

AND BTBAM8HIP LINI»
F, & P  M. R.  R.
TO ALL POINT8 IN MICHIOAN

H.  F.  M OELLER,  a .  a.  p .  /

llneeda  Biscuit

W ashed  down  with  a  glass  of  good  milk» 

can’t  be  beat.

U needa  B iscu it represent the highest degree of modern baking.  Sold 
everywhere in 5 cent air tight, moisture proof packages.  Always fresh.

The  Grand  Rapids  Paper  Box  Co.

Manufacture

Solid  Boxes for Shoes, Gloves,  Shirts and  Caps,  Pigeon  Hole  Files  for 
Desks, plain and  fancy  Candy  Boxes,  and  Shelf  Boxes  of  every  de­
scription.  We  also  make  Folding  Boxes  for  Patent  Medicine,  Cigar 
Clippings,  Powders, etc., etc.  Gold and  Silver Leaf work  and  Special 
Die Cutting done  to suit.  Write for prices.  Work guaranteed.

GRAND  RAPIDS  PAPER  BOX  CO  ,  Grand  Rapids,  Mich.

Hanselman’s  Fine  Chocolates

Name stamped on each piece of the genuine.  No up-to-date  ■  
fi
dealer can afford to be without them. 
J
Kalamazoo,  Mich.  5

Hanseiman Candy Co. 

I hi Platform  Delivery  Wagon j s f

♦ * ♦ ♦ f ♦ * t t *
tttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttt+ttttttt

THE  BELKNAP  WAGON  CO..  Grand  Rapids,  Mich. 

N ot  how  cheap  but  how  good.  W rite  for  catalogue  and  prices. 

f
 
*§* 
£  

•§•
*§•
f

NO.  113 

Detroit.

GOING  WEST

Chicago.

so m e   e a st

June a 6 .1899.

Ottawa Beach.

!1»"8

Saginaw, Alma and  Greenville.

Traverse  City,  Charlevoix and  Petoskey. 

CHICAGO-- “

n P T D O I T   Grand Rapids & Western,

GRANDTrMk Ra,,way Sy*tem

Ly. G. Rapids..7:10am 12:U0nn  5:05pm *2:15am 
Ar. Chicago.... 1:30pm 5:00pm 11:15pm *7:25am 
Ly.Chicago... 7:15am 12 00nn  4:15pm *8:45pm 
Ar.G’d Rapids 1:25pm 5:05pm 10:15pm  *l:50am 
Lv. G’d Rapids. 7:S0am 2:05am 1:45pm  5:30pm 
Ar. Tray. City..12:40pm 6:10am 5:35pm 10:55pm
Ar. Charlevoix.. 8:15pm 7:53am 7:38pm.............
Ar. Petoskey.... 3:45pm 8:15am 8:15pm....................
Ar. Bay View... 3:55pm 8:20am 8:20pm....................
Lv. Q. Rapids..9:00am 12:00nn 5:39pm....................-
Ar. 6. Rapids..8:00am  1:25pm 5:05pm 10:15pm 
Extra train on Saturday leaves at 2:15pm for 
Ottawa Beach.
Sunday train leaves Bridge street 8:40am, 
Union  depot 9:00am; 
leaves Ottawa  Beach 
7:00pm.
Trains arrive from north at 2:00am, 11:15am, 
4:45pm, and 10:06pm.
Parlor cars on day trains and sleeping cars on 
night trains to and from Chicago 
Parlor cars for Bay View.
Others week days only.
*Kvery day. 
I s  C  1   K U I  1   9 
Lv. Grand Rapids.7:00am 12:05pm 
6:25pm
Ar. Detroit.............................11:40am  4:05pm 10:06pm
Lv. Detroit.............................8:40am  1:10pm 6:10pm
Hr. Grand Rapids............1:30pm  5:10pm 10:56pm
Lv G R7:00am 5:10pm Ar.GR 11:45am 9:40pm 
Parlor cars on all trains to and from Detroit 
and Saginaw.  Trains ran week days only.
G e o . DxHavxx, General Pass. Agent
Detroit and Milwaukee Dlv
(In effect June 19,1899.)
Arrive
Leave 
Saginaw, Detroit & N Y............t 6:40am t 9:56pm
Detroit and East........... ............tlO: 16am. t 5:07pm
Saginaw, Detroit & East.........t 3:27pm tl2:50pm
Buffalo. N Y, Toronto, Mon­
treal & Boston, L't’d Ex____* 7:20pm *10:16am
Gd. Haven and Int Pts____ 
* 8:30am *10:00pm
Gd. Haven Express......................*10:2lam * 7:15pm
Gd. Haven and int Pts..............tl2:58pm t 3:19pm
Gd. Haven and Milwaukee. ..t 5:12pm tl0:llam 
Gd. Haven and Milwaukee . .+10:00pm t 6:40am
Gd. Haven and Chicago............* 7:30pm * 8:05am
Eastbound 6:45am train has Wagner parlor car 
to Detroit, eastbound 3:20pm train has parlor car 
to Detroit.
tExcept Sunday.
*Dally. 
C.  A .  J u stin, City  Pass. Ticket Agent,
97 Monroe St., Morton House.
Northern Dlv.  Leave 
Arrive 
GRAND Rapida  ft  Indiana  Railway
Trav. C’y, Petoskey & Mack.. .* 4;10am *10:C0pm 
Trav.C’y,Petoskey A Mack. ..t 7:45am t 5:15pm
Tray, city A Petoskey.................t 1:40pm t 1:10pm
Cadillac accommodation..........t 5:26pm +10:55am
Petoskey A Mackinaw City___tl’:00pm t 6:30am
. i4:10am train. The Northland Express, sleeping 
and dining  cars; 7:45am and 1:40pm trains, 
parlor cars ; 11:00pm train sleeping car.
Soatbern Dlv.  Leave  Arrive
Cincinnati............................................t 7:10am t 9:45pm
Ft Wayue 
........................................+ 2:01pm + 1:30pm
Kalamazoo and V’cksburg... * 7:00pm * 7:20am
Chicago and Cincinnati.............*10:15pm * 3:55am
-<:10 am train has parlor oar to Cincinnati 
and parlor car *o Chicago; 2:00pm train has 
parlor car to Ft. Wayne;  10:15pm train has 
sleeping cars to Chicago, Cincinnati, Indian­
apolis, Louisville and St. Louis.
Lv. Grand Rapids... 7 10am  2 00pm  *10 15pm 
Ar. Chicago.................. 2 30pm  8 45pm 
6 25am
Lv. Chicago.................. 3 02pm * 8.15pm  *11 32pm
Ar. Grand Rapids... 9 45pm  3:55pm 
7 20am
Trai” leaving Grand Rapids 7:tOam has parlor 
car; 10:15pm, coach and sleeping car.
Train leaving Chicago 3:02pm has Pullman 
parlor car; 8:15pm sleeping car;  11:32pm sleep­
ing car for Grand Rapids.
Muskegon Trains.
LvG’d Rapids..................+7:35am tl:35pm t5:40pm
Ar Muskegon....................  9:00am  2:45pm  7:05pm
Sunday train leaves Grand Rapids 9:15am; 
arrives Muskegon 10:40am.
Lv Muskegon....................+8:10am +12:15am t4:00pm
ArG’d Rapids... 
 
9:80am 
1:25pm  5:20pm
Sunday train leaves Muskegon 6:30pm;  ar­
rives Grand Rapids 7:55pm. 
tRxcept Sunday.  *Dally.C. L. LOCKWOOD, 
Gen’l Passr. and Ticket Agent. 
W. C. BLAKE, 
Ticket Agent Union Station.
-  MANISTEE &  Northeastern  Ry.
Ar Manistee...............................12:05pm  ............
Lv ManUtee...................................... 8:30am 4:10pm

Lv Grand R a p id s................... 

VU   C. &  W . M.  Railway.

Chicago Trains.

Best route to Manistee.

July 9,  1899.

7:00am 

..........

TO CHICAGO.

F R O M   C H IC A G O .

•A

Ar Grand  R ap id s........................  1:00pm  0:55pm

G O IN G  W E S T .

MONEY  IN  IT

It pays any  dealer  to  have  the  reputation  of 
It  pays  any  dealer  to  keep 

keeping pure goods. 
the  Seymour Cracker.

There’s  a  large  and  growing  section  of  the 
public who will  have the  best,  and  with whom the 
matter of a cent or so a pound makes no impression. 
It’s not  “How cheap” with them;  it’s “How good.” 
For this  class  of  people  the  Seymour  Cracker  is 
made.  Discriminating  housewives  recognize  its 
superior  Flavor,  Purity,  Deliciousness,  and  will 
have it.

If you,  Mr.  Dealer,  want the trade of  particu­
lar people,  keep the  Seymour  Cracker.  Made by

N ATIO N A L  B ISC UIT  C O M P A N Y ,

GRAND  R A PID S,  MICH.

020202020202020102020201010202020202

I

«

Light Your
Store  for
Five  Cents 
a  Night

W e  are  in  the  market  with  the 

latest  thing  in  the  shape  of  a 
G as  L am p . 
inven­

It  is  an 

tion  gotten  up  from  the  expe­
rience  of  all  others  ab ead y  in 
the  market.  D o n ’ t  order  a 

back  number  when  for  nearly 
the same  m oney you can  secure 
one  of  the  latest  inventions.

L o ca l  agents  wanted 
every  county  in  M ichigan.

in 

Peninsular 
Qas  Light  Co.,

Grand  Rapids,  Mich.

Dayton,  O hio,  Aug.  30th,  1899. 

M ichigan  Tradesm an,  Grand  R apids,  M ich.

E ditor— I  am  in  receipt  of  your  favor  of  the  22nd 

asking  for  special  m atter  for  y o u r   Anniversary  number. 

In  consultation  with  the  Com puting  Scale  Co.  on  the 

subject  they  informed  me  that  they  are  so  far  behind  on 

orders  that  they  are  almost  tem pted  to  stop  advertising.

T h is  speaks  well for  the  “ man behind  the  gu n .”   H o w ­

ever,  you  m ay  announce  that  we  will  be  the  last  to  stop 

advertising  on  account  of  such  swam ping  prosperity.

Yours  Respectfully,

K e n n e d y ,

A dv.  M anager  for

T H E   C O M P U T I N G   S C A L E   C O .

