Twentieth  Year 
Currie  &  Forsyth

Managers for

Douglas,  Lacey  &  Co.

1023  Mich. Trust Bldg., Grand  Rapids, Mich.
1\   B.  Forsyth, of the firm, and  Dr. C.  H. Bull, of 
this city, left Nov. 8th  inst.  with  a  party  of  25  to 
visit the different properties  handled  by  Douglas, 
Lacey  & Co. in Arizona and California.  We  will 
be glad to give our customers and  friends  full par­
ticulars of the trip and how they found the properties 
in that section.  We  have  an  excellent  good  pur­
chase  that  will  be  withdrawn  from  sale shortly. 
Prospectus of our Plans and  Methods  of  Business 
sent tree to anyone on application.

C i t i z e n s   P h o n e  1651.

Noble, Moss & Co.

Investment  Securities

Bonds netting 3, 4, 5 and 6 per cent.

Government  Municipal 
Railroad 

Traction

Corporation

Members  Detroit  Stock  Exchange  and 
are prepared to handle local stocks of all 
kinds, listed and  unlisted.

808 Union Trust Building,  Detroit

E L L IO T   O.  G R O SV E N O R

Late  State  Food  Commissioner

Advisory  Counsel  to  manufacturers  and 
jobbers  whose  interests  are  affected  by 
the  Food  Laws  of  any  state.  Corres­
pondence  invited.
1 3 3 2  flajestic  Building, Detroit,  filch.

L E T   M E   S E L L

your  farm,  residence,  store  building,  stock  of 
goods or business (any line) anywhere;  I  am  a 
SPECIALIST In this line.  Send two stamps lor 
booklet and learn how.  Address

A.  M.  BARRON,  Station  A,

South  Bend,  Ind.

GRAND  RAPIDS,  WEDNESDAY,  NOVEMBER  19,1902. 

Number  1000

T H E   G R A IN   M A R K E T .

Wheat  gained  friends  in  the  specula­
tive  market.  There  was  considerable 
investment  buying  by 
large  houses. 
Armour  was  credited  with  buying  large 
lines.  The  visible  made  an  increase  of 
about  2,000,000 bushels,against 3,700,000 
bushels 
last  year,  for  the  same  week. 
There  seem  to  be  more  buyers  than 
sellers.  Winter  wheat  showed  a  gain  of 
about  2c  for  cash,  while  December  op­
tions  were  up  2>^c  and  May  2%c.  For­
eign  demand  was  good.  France  took 
some  of  our  wheat,  which 
is  the  first 
time  she  has  bought  in  a  long  time. 
The  tone  was  strong.  Minneapolis  cash 
wheat  was  i@2c  over December options. 
This  premium  for  cash  wheat  stimu-

Kye  was  neglected,  with  not  much 
enquiry.  The  market  was  dragging  and 
dormant.  Lower  prices  may  stimulate 
more  activity.

Beans  held  their  own,  which  is  about 
all  that  can  be  said.  Receipts  of  for­
eign  beans  were  on  the  increase,  which 
cut  quite  a  figure  in  the  Eastern  mar­
kets,  as  they  can  be  imported  cheaper 
than the  present  home  price.

Flour  is  very  strong,  owing  to  the  ad­
vance 
in  wheat.  The  demand,  both 
local  and  domestic,  is  good.  Foreign­
ers  are  not  purchasing  much,as they  are 
looking 
for  lower  prices.  The  duty 
which  the  United  Kingdom  put on Hour, 
in  excess  of  wheat,  makes  exports  of 
wheat 
flour.  Our  next

larger  than 

Commercial 
Credit  Co.,  '*<■•

Widdicomb  Building, Grand Rapids 
Detroit Opera House Block, Detroit

W e.; furnish  protection 
a g a i ns t  worthlessMac- 
counts  and  collectJaiL 
others.'
William  Connor  Co.

Wholesale  Ready-Made  Clothing 

Men’s,  Boys’,  Children’s

Sole  agents  for  the  State  of  Michigan' 

for the

S. F. &  A. F.  Miller &  Co.’s 

famous  line of summer clothing, made in 
Baltimore,  Md  ,  and  many  other  lines 
Now is the time to buy summer clothing.

28-30 South  Ionia Street 

Grand Rapids, Mich.

Wanted

We want  several  small  manufacturing 
concerns to locate here  and  will  furnish 
a site and  a  small  bonus  if  necessa  y. 
This is an excellent location for a basket 
factory, oval wood dish factory or handle 
factory.  We also want  a  bank  and will 
extend  the  proper  encouragement  to 
any  one who can  supply our needs.

Sec’y  Riverdale Improvement Association 

Ja c k   M oblo,

Rlverdale,  Mich

If you could see the Oro Hondo 
property,  you  would  invest
The  location  of  the  Oro  Hondo  property  ad­
joins  the  biggest  gold  mine  in  the  world— 
The  HomestaKe—which  promises  to  become 
equally  famous  and  profitable.  The  Home- 
stake nas paid  regular  dividends  for  twenty- 
five years and is crushing over 3,000 tons of ore 
daily, and has enough ore  in  sight  to  run  its 
enormous plant for 35  years.  This  ore  ledge, 
which is 456 feet wide, traverses the Oro Hondo 
property.  The  managers  of  the  Oro  Hondo 
property  are  practical  business  and  mining 
men, who bought  the  property,  consisting  of 
j  over  1,000  acres,  at  a  cost  of  over  $600,000.
!  With their own money  they  began  the  initial 
I  development work before a share  of  stock was 
offered!.  They erected a large hoisting plant at 
a cost of $20,000, and  the  shaft  is  down  over 
I 
100 feet in ore at $7.60 a  ton.  They  are  block­
ing out ore sufficient to operate a large  evanide 
plant which will cost  about  $500,000, and  to  do 
this they  are  offering  to  original  investors  a 
portion of its treasury shares  at  50c  per  share, 
par value $1.  Write us for full information.
I f   a iiy   sub scriber,  u pon  in v e stig a tio n , 
is n o t satisfied  th a t  e x istin g   co n d itio n s 
a t th e  m in e   h a v e  b een   u n d erstated   by 
ns,  w e  w ill  refu n d   th e   a m o u n t  su b ­
scribed.
Wm.  A.  Mears & Co-

Fiscal  Agents, New  York 

Address all communications to

Charles E. Temple,

623 Michigan Trust  Bldg, 
Grand  Rapids, Mich.

One  Ton  of 
Scratch  Pads

We  will  sell  25  pounds  assorted  for 
$2,  all  small  sizes,  made  from  finest 
writing  paper.  This  price  is  good  for 
this  lot  only.  We  don’t  want  to  move 
them  to  our  new  location  and  for  this 
reason offer the stock at a bargain.

TRADESMAN  COMPANY.

{ 

I 

lated 
interior  elevators  to  run  their 
wheat  to  market,  instead  of  holding, 
which  made  receipts  heavy,  but  it  was 
all  absorbed  by  millers.  The  situation 
certainly 
is  very  healthy  for  wheat  at 
the  present  outlook.

Corn  was  also  stiff  in  price.  Decem­
ber  sold  6c  per  bushel  higher  than  one 
week  ago.  The  damp  weather  bad  a 
strengthening  effect  on  prices,  especial­
ly  as  the  stock  decreased 685,000 bushels 
and  new  corn  coming  in  does not  grade, 
owing  to  its  being  soft. 
It  looks  like  a 
further advance.

Oats  remain  strong,  as  they  are  not 
coming  on  the  market  as  fast  as  was 
anticipated.  Stocks  remain  about  as 
they  were,  with  no  accumulation.

Congress  should  find  a  way  to  remedy 
this  evil.

Mill  feed  is  in  good  demand.  With 
the  high  price  of  corn  and  oats,  we  see 
no 
immediate  signs  of  lower  prices  in 
mill  feed.

Middlings  are  held  firm  at $19  and 

bran  at  $17.

Receipts  of  grain  have  been  nominal, 
as follows:  wheat,  60  cats;  corn,  4  cars; 
oats,  9 cars;  flour,  1  car;  beans,  2  cars; 
malt,  1  car;  bay,  1  car;  potatoes, 
14 
cars.

Millers  are  paying  74c  for  No.  2  red 

wheat. 

C.  G.  A.  Voigt.

.  Superiority  to  circumstances 
is  one 
of  the  most  prominent  characteristics  of 
great  men.—Horace  Manner

2

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

evolve  better conditions,  more  satisfac­
tory  results,  and  afford  a  service  strictly 
consonant  with  the  average  requirement 
of  the  plain  people. 
It  is  one  of  tbe 
soundest  demonstrations  of  the  rightful­
ness  and  desirableness  of  the  independ­
ent  telephone  movement  that 
it  does 
care  for  the  public 
in  this  way  and 
that  the  previous  condition  was  not 
what  the  public  bad  a  right  to  expect 
and  demand.  Tbe fact  that  in  some  lo­
calities  independent  methods  have  been 
used  by  the  old  company  in  reaching 
service  among  the  farmers  and  smaller 
towns,  further  proves  the  soundness  of 
the  independent  position.

to  cease  generalization  and  give 
some 
the  readers  of  the  Tradesman 
facts  more  particularly  relative 
special 
to  the  Citizens  Company  will  probably 
be  pleasing  to  them  because  they  have, 
from  time  to  time,  been  so  thoroughly 
advised 
its  columns  of  the 
progress  of  this  movement.  The  Grand

through 

But 

be  confined  to  the city  of  Grand  Rapids 
and  that sum  was  deemed  ample.  Sub­
sequently  as  the  possibilities of develop­
ment  began  to  be  apparent to the officers 
of  the  company,  its  field  of operation 
being  enlarged  of  necessity,  its  author­
ized  capital  was  increased  to $200,000; 
then  to  $300,000;  then  to $500,000,  and 
again  to  $550,000,  and  subsequently  to 
$i,ooc,ooo.  As  above  stated  the  ex­
pansion  of  the  past  twelve  months  has 
used  more than $350,000.  The authorized 
capital  of $1,000,000  is  all  invested  and 
the  stockholders  have  recently  by  sub­
stantially  unanimous  vote  (not  one  re­
quested  to  express  a  formal  opinion  on 
the  matter  objected) 
and 
authorized  tbe  sixth  increase  of  capital 
stock,  this  time  to $2,000,000. 
It  is  in­
tended  by  means  of  this increase  to  pro­
vide  the  necessary  funds  to  care  for  tbe 
growth  of  the future—it seems likely that 
the  expansion  of  the  ensuing  twelve 
months  will  be  quite  as  large  as  it  has

instructed 

G R A D U A L   G RO W TH .

W on d erfu l  Strides  M ade  B y   th e   C itizens 

T elep h o n e  Co.

The  most  sanguine  dreamer,  tbe  most 
imaginative promoter in tbe independent 
'  telephone  field  at  the  time  that  the  pro- 
)  jectors  of  tbe  Citizens  Company  began 
canvassing  the  public  of  Grand  Rapids 
f  for  patronage,  some  seven  years  ago, 
had  but  slight  conception  of  the  pos­
sible  development  of  telephone  service. 
At  that time  the city  of  Grand  Rapids, 
with  a 
larger  service  per capita  than 
any  other  city  in  the  country,  used  less 
than  1,500 telephones.

To-day  the  Citizens  Telephone  Com­
pany  has  more  than  4,800  telephones  in 
the  City  Exchange—a  much larger plant 
than  Detroit  was-using  six  short  years 
ago.  At that time  the  toll  line  develop­
ment  was  meager  and  very  few  of  the 
little  villages  and  smaller  towns of  the 
State  had  more  than  a  single  telephone 
for  toll  service.  The  use  of  telephones 
among 
farmers  was  practically  un­
known.  Scores,  you  might  almost  say 
hundreds,  of  important  points 
in  this 
State—and  the  same 
is  true  of  other 
states—had  no  telephonic  communica­
tion.  The  telephone had  not become  the 
everyday  necessity  of  tbe  average  busi­
ness  man  and  householder;  it  was  still 
largely  a 
luxury  within  the  reach  of  a 
comparatively  limited  number of  users. 
Its  possibilities  of  usefulness  were 
scarcely  dreamed  of.

So  radical  and  rapid  has  been  the 
change 
in  this  regard  during  tbe  past 
six  years,  so  great  the  development, 
many  begin  to  surmise  that  as  yet  but 
a  beginning  has  been  made  in  the  use­
fulness  of  the  telephone—that the growth 
of  the  next  ten  years  will  be  compara­
tively  almost  as  radical  and  serviceable 
as  in  tbe  past  few  years. 
It  is  asserted 
that  the  time 
is  at  band  when  every 
well-to-do,energetic  farmer  will  feel  the 
necessity  of  being  connected  with  the 
outside  .world  by  telephone  and  cheer­
fully  pay  for  the  service  just  as  school 
houses,  good  roads,  bridges  and  other 
accessories  to  comfort  and  general  satis­
faction  of  life  are  now  paid  for.  Every 
postoffice,  every  crossroad's  hamlet  will 
have  its  toll  station,  and  tbe  telephone 
will  in  many  ways  supplement,  not  sup­
plant,  the  postal  service.

toward  settlement 

Tbe  telephone,  with  the  traction  rail­
way  and  the  rural  route  mail  delivery, 
will  radically  change  the  tendency  of 
population 
in  the 
cities  and  will 
scatter  the  people 
throughout  tbe country,at  tbe  same  time 
saving  to  them  the  conveniences  and 
privileges  of  urban 
life  together  with 
the  quiet  and  enjoynpent  of  country 
residence.

This  whole  tendency  in  the  telephone 
field  has  been  developed  as  a  direct 
effect  of  the  independent  movement.  It 
has  been  felt  of  late  that  the  telephone 
was  not  a 
luxury  but  an  everyday  ne­
cessity ;  as  much  so  as  the  sewing  ma­
chine  in  the  modern  household,  or other 
of  the  wonderful  inventions  which  have 
labor  and  increased  the 
so  saved  the 
comfort  of  modern  life. 
In  no  portion 
of  the  country  has  this  fact  been  better 
illustrated  or  more  generally  demon­
strated 
in  Western  Michigan, 
where  the  people  themselves  have  or­
ganized 
their  own  companies,  with 
local  organization,and  service  thorough­
ly  conversant  with  local  needs,  giving 
careful  attention  to  such needs—it is  tbe 
very  essence  of  the  independent  move­
ment  that  the  people  themselves own tbe 
companies  and  directly  control 
their 
management.  Some  of  their efforts  may 
be  crude  at  first,  but  they  inevitably

than 

Rapids  Citizens  Exchange  has  this 
Monday  morning,  Nov.  17,  1902,  4,825 
telephones  connected.  The  old  Grand 
Rapids  Exchange  of July  1,  1896,  had 
1,471  telephones,  and  that  figure  was 
larger  proportionately  than  for any other 
exchange  in  tbe  country.  The  Citizens 
Telephone  Company  now  has  52  other 
exchanges  in  its  own  system  with  more 
than  100  toll  points,  and  included 11,683 
telephones  on  the  first of  November as 
compared  with  7,794  a  year  ago.

During  the  past  year  the  Citizens 
Company  has  expended  more  than 
$350,000  in  the  expansion  of  this  system 
in  construction,  or  by  purchase  and  en­
largement.  The  more  important  recent 
additions  include  Ionia,  Belding,  Cad­
illac,  Portland,  Mason,  Moline,  Kings­
ley  and  Empire.

When  the  company  was  organized 
some  seven  years  ago  its  authorized 
capital  was  $100,000. 
It  was  then  sup­
posed  that  its  held  of  operation  would

been  during  the  past  year.  The  Citi­
zens Company  has  a  sphere  of  influence 
which  is  to  be  thoroughly  developed  as 
rapidly  as  may  be.

It  has  neighbors  throughout  the  State 
and 
in  Northern  Indiana  with  which  it 
has  and  is  making first-class connections 
and  long  term  contracts.  These  neigh­
bors  in  their respective fields of develop­
ment  are  manifesting  quite  the  same 
spirit  that  has characterized  the  Citizens 
Company.  The  Union  Company,  the 
Valley  Company,  the  Twin  City  Com­
pany,  the  People’s  Company  of  Jack- 
s o b ,  the  Adrian  Company,  the  U.  S. 
Company  and  numerous  companies  of 
smaller  capital  and  more  limited  fields 
of  service  are  striving  to  fulfill the  ideal 
of  the 
independent  telephone  move­
ment—ample  and  first-class  service  for 
everybody  who  has  the  desire  for  it  and 
the  willingness  to  pay  for  it.

Another  phase  of  telephone  develop­
ment  of  considereable  importance,  not

in 

peculiar,  however,  to the  independents, 
is  the  expansion  of  the  use  of  the  ap­
paratus 
large  commercial,  banking 
and  industrial  institutions.  A  few  years 
ago  a  single  telephone  in  the  office  of 
such  an  establishment  was  considered 
ample  for  the  business  it  was  required 
to  care  for.  Now  the  single  instrument 
is  replaced  by  what  is  popularly  called 
a  branch  exchange.  With  such a  switch­
board  of  its  own 
in  an  office  with  a 
dozen  or  more  telephones  connecting 
the  various  officers  or 
important  em­
ployes  of  such  an  establishment  With 
each  other and  through  the small switch­
board  with  tbe  outside  public,  tbe  bank 
teller,  for  example,  does  not  leave  his 
post  of  duty  tc  confer  with  the president 
or  cashier  or ¿other  employe  of  such 
bank;  be 
from  his  own  desk 
through  tbe  branch  exchange  direct  to 
the  person  he  desires,  to  any  outsider 
making  enquiry  of  his  department. 
This  tendency  will  certainly 
increase 
in  the  future—until  in  many  residences 
a  single  instrument  on  one  floor  will  be 
replaced  by  several  terephones  scattered 
through  various  rooms. 

talks 

like 

With  the  moderate  prices  of  the  in­
dependents  for  toll 
line  service,  tbe 
habit  of  using  this  service  is  growing 
very  rapidly.  The  more  patrons  use  it 
for  business  or  social  conveniences  the 
better  they 
it  and  the  more  they 
want  it.  During  the  month  of  October 
patrons  of  the  Citizens  system  in  Grand 
Rapids  bad  more  than  25,000  conversa­
tions  with  their  neighbors  outside  of 
Grand  Rapids  over  tbe  system.  That 
number  may  be  compared  with  18,000 
for  the  month  of  October  one  year  ago, 
and  the  growth  of  almost  40 per cent,  in 
a  single  year  in  this  department  of  in­
dependent  service  may  be  considered as 
indicative  of  tbe  general  progress  and 
tendency  of  the  business.

'  *

With  such  growth  indicated  by  these 
figures  and  by  the  changes  in  the  num­
ber of  telephones  in  the Citizens system, 
which  has  not  been  enlarged  in  terri­
tory,  but  within  the  territory  claimed  to 
be  within  its  direct  sphere  of  influence, 
it  is  easy  to  understand  that the  com­
pany  has  been  reasonably  successful  in 
its  habit  of 
a  financial  way  and  that 
paying  dividends,  begun 
in  October, 
1897,  has  been  continued  uninterrupted­
ly,  until  now  twenty-one  of  those  quar­
terly  reminders  of  this condition  have 
reached  the  now  nearly  900  stockholders 
of  the  company.  Speaking  of  the  stock­
holders,  the  number of  these  has  grown 
rapidly  of  late,  more  than  100  having 
been  added  to  the  already large list  dur­
ing  the  present  fiscal  year  of  the  com­
pany,  which  began  with  July  1,  last. 
The  company  has  held  to  the  theory 
since  its  first  organization  that  in  num­
bers  there  is  strength,  and  that  tbe  se­
curing  of  persons  directly  interested 
in 
in  all  tbe  communities  it 
its  welfare 
serves  will  increase 
its  power and  in­
sure  its  continued  well  being.  The  pol­
icy  of  the  past  seems  to  have  worked 
fairly  well,  and  the  future  may  be  con­
fidently  expected  to  witness  a  continu- 
ance.of  this  policy.

Ernest  B.  Fisher.

M easu ring  C oal  in   a  B in   o r  B ox.

A  solid  cubic  foot  of  anthracite  coal 
weighs  about 93  pounds.  When  broken 
for  use 
it  weighs  about  54  pounds. 
Bituminous  coal,  when  broken  up  for 
use,  weighs  about  50 pounds.  The  con­
sequent  rule  for the  approximate  meas­
in  a  bin  or  box  is  to 
urement  of  coal 
multiply  the 
the 
height  in  feet,  and  again  by  the  breadth 
in  feet,  and  this  result  by  54  for  anthra­
cite  coal,  or by  50  for  bituminous  coal. 
The  result  will  equal  the  number of 
pounds,  and  to  find  the  number  of  tons 
divide  by  2,000.

feet  by 

length 

in 

John Knape 
Machine  Co.
The  New  Machine  Shop

Up-to-date  machinery. 
Location central. 
Manufacturers  of

CLIPPER PARTS

and extra parts for all makes of

BICYCLES

Full assortment extra Clipper 
parts  carried  in  stock 
Also 
manufacturers  of  L'ght  Ma­
chinery  to  order,  Models  for 
Patents,  Dies  and  Tools  of 
every  description.  Estimates 
given  on  each  piece  of  work 
free of charge.  Give us a trial.

Office and Shop

87  Campau  Street 

Grand  Rapids,  Michigan

Citizens  Phone  1 197.

“ Tobacco

Theif”

"Tobacco  Tbeif” is  a  permanent  and 
guaranteed cure for the tobacco  habit  in 
all  its  forms. 
It  invigorates  as  well as 
regenerates  the  whole  nervous  system, 
and  completely  eradicates  that hungry, 
gnawing  desire.

There  is no good  reason  why  you  can 
not rid yourself of that dirty, filthy  habit. 
Every bottle is  wrapped  with  guarantee 
and  sight  draft, which  will  positively be 
paid in  every  instance  where  “ Tobacco 
Theif” fails  to  cure.  Two  bottles  are 
guaranteed.  Less  than one usually cures.

P rice  $ 1   per  B o ttle

Testimonials

I took my first chew of tobacco in  1S65  and  have 
used it continually ever since that time.  December 
26, 1893, I received a package of “ Britton’s Tobacco 
Theif”  and  commenced  to  take  it, and  continued 
chewing but two or three days when I wanted it no 
more, and am now completely cured and realize that 
it  will  save  me  a  great amount of money, besides 
breaking me of the filthy habit.  Yours  Resp’y,
Fred K.  N.  Burhans, Portland,  Mich.
Have  used  tobacco  in  all  its  forms for over 38 
years, and after trying “ Britton’s  Tobacco  Their” 
for 30 days I consider myself perfectly cured.
W.  H. Triphagen,  Pewamo,  Mich.
Frank  Corwin  was  cured  by  half  a  bottle, 
Nelson  Harris by one bottle and 1 was cured by two 
Geo.  H.  Hollister,
and a half bottles. 
Breckenridge,  Mich.
Iam  using your “ Tobacco Theif”  and find it what 
you recommend it to be, and would like the agency  . 
for La., Tex. and Miss. 

E   S. Saxton,
Patterson, La.
M.  A.  BRITTON,  Pewamo, Mich.

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

»J1 Dutch Créât«

is  one  where  all  concerned 
get  their  money’s  worth. 
Send your orders to Holland 
(Mich.)  and  we  will  show 
you  that  we  do  business  on 
that principle.

Ulalsh:DeRoo milling € 0.

jH  matter of 
education

The  employment  of 
a Trust  Company  in 
the  capacity  of  ad­
ministrator, 
execu­
tor, 
guardian  and 
trustee  is  a  matter of 
education.
The  more you under­
stand  about our work 
the  more  good  rea­
sons  you  will  find for 
employing  us.
Cbe Ifliebigan 
Crust €0«

Grand Rapids, Itlicb.

3

38  HIGHEST  AWARDS 
in  Europe  and  America
Walter Baker & Co.’s
PURE,  HIGH  GRADE
COCOAS
CHOCOLATES

Their preparations are  put  up 
in  conformity  to  the  Pure- 
Food Laws of all the States. 
Grocers will  find  them  in  the 
long run the most profitable to 
handle, as  they  are  absolutely 
pure  and  of  uniform  quality. 
In  writing  your 
If 
order  specify  Walter  Baker  &  Co.’s  goods. 
O TH ER goods are substituted, please let us know.

Tkadk-makk

W a lt e r   B a k e r   &  C o.  L td .

DORCHESTER,  MASS. 
Í 7 8 0
E u t m b t i s b e d  

O ! / E R

35,000

YOUNG  M EN  m d   WOMEN  EDUCATED  f o p   MONET  MAN/NG

1 /

and  useful  citizenship  in  a  course  of  study  and  training  at  D etroit  B u sin ess  U n iversity  during  its 
fifty-tw o  y e a rs’  active  usefulness.  T h ose  who  w ish  to  attain  high  success  in the  least  possible  time 
w ill  prom ote  their  interests  by  taking  up  a  course  of  study  now.  D ay  and  night  sessions.  Call  for 
elegant  catalogue.

wmicnF.jewd.. 

Business  University  Building,

Platt R. Spencer,

PresWen‘- 
Secretary 

11,  13,  17,  19  Wilcox  Avenue,

D etroit«,  M ich.

The  “Perfection”  Lighting  System

Unique and  perfect  commercial  lighting.  Cannot 
explode or clog  up. 
Insurance  companies  do  not 
charge additional rates on our machine.

Local  Agents 

Wanted

throughout the

United  States and Canada

Why not be the first  merchant 
in your town to install  a  plant 
and  also  secure  a  valuable 
agency?

Jteé“ Write for particulars.

. ADV.  ÄRD. RAPIOS, MICH.

NEEDED  IN
S T O R E S . 
H O TELS. 
C H U R C H E S . 
L O D G E S . 
S A L O O N S  
R ESTAU R AN TS, 
E T C .

^ ^ /ic T U A L 1

5 C O S T  

^ \ H O U R .

1000 CANDLE POWER 
N O  U N D E R   S H A D O W .
A C T U A L L Y  S A V E S   7 5 % 

» U P - K E E P " - '

O F A N Y  O T H E R   LIG H T.
LONG D ISTANCE-BO THPH ONES 2090.

A  Few Other Advantages

You have a complete private lighting system for your own individual use.  No gas or electric bills or collectors to stare you  out  of 
pocket book
each month.  No annoyance with dirty kerosene lamps.  No  smoke,  no  odor.  Ordinary  gasoline,  72  per  cent,  test,  furnishes  th
illuminating 
power.  Cheapest and best method of lighting known to earth, except sunlight.  Amount saved  on  your  light  bill  will  pay  for  a  pi 
ant  in  nine 
months,  You will not have to worry over conditions of weather, for atmospheric changes do not affect this light.  The mechanical  con 
struction  of 
the “ Perfection”  machine is of such a substantial  nature that they will  last for  years. 
In short, there is nothing about them to wear out 
Simple  to 
operate.  There are many other points of advantage gained by the adoption of this system of illumination, about which we would he  pic 
used  to  tell
you.  Machines in stock for immediate delivery.  Size of generator 6 inches by 24 inches.  For merchants of good  standing, we  ship  plants  on  ter 
If you are satisfied we take the cash;  never a dissatisfied customer yet.  Your local tinsmith or plumber  can  install  them.  Could  any 
days’ trial. 
thing be more fair?  Do you know of a better way to reveal our confidence in that which  we recommend?

Catalogue and price list, circulars and references sent on request.
PERFECTION  LIGHTING  CO.,  Sole  Manufacturers,  17  S.  Division  St.,  Grand  Rapids,  Mich.

4

Around  the State

M ovem ents  o f  M erchant*.

Cambria—W.  F.  McSaughton  is  clos­

ing  cm  his  dry  goods  stock.

Lyons—Barrus  St  Greenboe  have  en­

gaged  in  the  meat  business.

Port  Huron—Boyce  &  McCall  have 

engaged  in  tbe  drug  business.

Quincy—F.  M.  Turrtll,  meat  dealer, 

has  sold  out  to  Sherwood  &  Coriess.

Adrian—Symonds  &  Libbs  succeed 
N.  W.  Symonds  in  the  grocery business.
Cedar  Springs—Geo.  S.  Burleson  has 
sold  his  grocery  stock  to  Mrs.  Jennie  A. 
Davis.

Adrian—Geo.  W.  Marvin  has  leased  a 
store  building  and  engaged  in  tbe  shoe 
business.

South  Haven—Gordon  Ripley  has 
purchased  tbe  grocery  stock  of  W.  O. 
Cook  5c  Son.

Olivet —Wm.  Rogers  has  removed  his 
harness  stock  to  Pompeii,  where  be  will 
engage  in  business.

Port  Huron—F.  Burkhart  &  Son  have 
opened  a  meat  market  at  tbe  corner  of 
Beers  and  Willow  streets.

Holly—Wm.  Thompson  &  Co.  have 
purchased  tbe  grocery  business  of  Mary 
C.  i Mrs.  J.  W .)  Mothersiil.

Traverse City—C.  J.  Elliott has opened 
a  grocery  and  provision  store  at  tbe 
corner  of  From  and  Oak  streets.

Sutions  Bay—Marcus Hoyt’s  new store 
building  is  nearly  completed  and  be 
will  occupy  it  with  his  drug  stock  early 
next  month.

Fremont—S.  R.  Odell,  druggist,  at
this  place,  bas  admii:ted  bis  son  to
partnership  under  the 
style  of  S.  R.
Odell  &  Son.

Olivet—John  Sours,

for  several  years
past  a  clerk  in  tbe  dnjg  store  of  F.  E.
Thiers,  at  Mt.  Pleasant,  has  opened  a 
drug  store  at  this  place.

Beiding—Earl French  and  Glen  Won- 
ley,  two  of  Lakeview’s  young  men, 
have  purchased  tbe  Spicer  drug  stock 
and  will  take  possession  January  I.

Beiding—Dell  Bricker  has  leased  the 
store  building  formerly  occupied  by  tbe 
bazaar  stock  of  A.  Bebrendt  and  will 
open  a  line  of  men’s  furnishing  goods.
Traverse  City—C.  S.  and  B.  F.  Cox 
have  purchased  tbe  meat  market  at  404 
East  Front  street.  The  business  will 
be  conducted  under  tbe  style*  of  Cox 
Bros.

Quincy—George  Trott  has  purchased 
the 
interest  of  bis  partner,  Stephen 
Clark,  in  the  meat  business  of  Trott  5c 
Clark,  and  will  continue  tbe  business  in
bis  own came.

Read ing—Hugh  Spaulding  bas sold
his  nard «a re  st ick  ait  Quincy  anJ   re-
turned to  this  place. where  he  wi 11  re­
engage in  partnership with  A.  Wallis  in
tbe  hardware  business.
Cassopolis—W.  W.

and
Gideon W.  Tailerday have  formed  a
copartnership  and  purchased  tbe  hard­
ware  stock  of  H.  E.  Moon.  Mr.  Taller- 
day  will  have  the  active  management  of 
tbe  business.

Reynolds

Mattawan—N.  C.  Mosier  has  removed 
at 
tbe  stock  be  recently  purchased 
Grand  Junction  and  installed  it  in  bis 
new  store  building.  The  stock  com­
prises  dry  goods,  millinery,  shoes,  rub­
ber  goods  and  groceries.

Lansing—H.  W.  Brown  bas  resigned 
bis  position  as  manager  of  tbe  Mason 
Cold  Storage  Co.  and  S.  E.  Beeman  has 
been  chosen  as his successor.  Mr.  Brown 
will  remove  to  this  place  to  manage  the 
plant  to  be  erected  here.

Marcellus—Claud  Sykes,  wbobas  con­
ducted  tbe  drug  and  grocery  business  at 
Keller  for  several  years,  has  purchased

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

j an  interest  in  tbe  Ward  grocery business 
; at  this  place.  Tbe  style  of  the  new 
¡partnership  is  Ward  &  Sykes.

Turner—M.  D.  Mills,  wbo  has  been 
J engaged 
in  general  trade  here  but  a 
short  time,  has  uttered  a  chattel  mort­
gage  securing  nineteen  creditors  in  tbe 
sum  of  $3.957.45.  Wm.  B.  Williams, 
of  Lapeer,  is  named  as  trustee.

Marshall—Geo.  W.  Butler  has  pur­
chased tbe general stock of  A.  W.  Palmer 
and  will  put  in  a  new  stock  of  general 
merchandise.  Mr.  Butler  has  been  en­
gaged 
in  tbe  merchandise  business  at 
Eckford  for  tbe  past  five  years.

Fremont—Job  T.  and  Fred  Reynolds 
have  sold  tbeir  interest  in  the  hanking 
business  to  J.  Andrew  Gerber,  who  for 
several  years  bas  been  its  cashier. 
J. 
T.  Reynolds  will  spend  tbe  winter  in 
the  South  on  account  of  his  health.

Cedar  City—Carpenter  &-  Shuter, 
druggists,  have  dissolved  partnership. 
Tbe  business 
is  continued  by  R.  V. 
Carpenter.  Mr.  Sbuter  bas  purchased 
the  cigar  manufacturing  business  of  the 
P.  A.  Clausen  estate  at  Traverse  City.
South  Boardman-----The  Hainstock
Hardware  Co.,  whose  stock  was  nearly 
all  consumed  by  fire recently,  has  leased 
another  building  and  will  resume  busi­
ness. 
The  company  received  $6,500 
indemnity  from  tbe  insurance  compan­
ies.

Clayton—E .  J.  Hadden,  a  prosper­
ous  farmer  of  Hudson  township,  bas 
sold  his  farm  property  to W.  C.  Fluke, 
taking 
in  part  payment  tbe  hardware 
and  grocery  stock  of  tbe  latter.  His 
son  will  be  associated  with  him  in  the 
new  enterprise.

Pontiac—Cbatles  E.  Bird,  wbo  has 
been  in  the  grocery  business  here for tbe 
past  two  years,  bas  filed  a  chattel  mort­
gage  covering  all  bis  stock  and  ac­
counts.  R.  J.  Lounsbury  is  named  as 
trustee.  Tbe  liabilities  will  be  between
S3.000  and  $4.000.

Piainwell—Ingraham  &  Travis  are 
making  preparations  to  erect  a  large 
warehouse  and  sample  building  near 
their  office  on  West  Bridge  street.  The 
building  will  be  30  feet  wide,  50  feet 
long  and  two  stories  high  and  will  be 
ample  to  exhibit  tbeir  line  of  farming 
implements.

Sault  Ste.  Marie—Tbe  Keiiher  Prod­
uce  and  Commission  Co.  bas  been 
formed  by  G.  R.  Keliber,  formerly  en­
gaged 
in  the  wholesale  grocery  busi­
ness,  and  N.  C.  Morgan,  wbo  for several 
years  bas  been  engaged 
in  the  retail 
grocery  trade  here.  The  firm  will  han­
dle  fruits, vegetables and  dairy  products.
Coldwater—Woodward  &  Son,  dry 
goods  merchants  at  this  place,  have 
completed  plans  for tbe  enlargement  of 
their  floor space.  They  will  greatly  im­
prove  tbeir  present  quarters  and  have 
purchased  tbe  building  adjoining  them 
and  will  erect  a  modern  building  in  tbe 
place  of  tbe  old,  connecting  tbe  two 
with  large  doorways.

Man a f a it n r ln t   M atters.

Escanaba—The  Viola  Lumber  Co. 
has  been  organized  with  a  capital  stock 
of §10,000.

Flint—Tbe  Flint  Wagon  Works  has 
increased  its  capital  stock  from §150,000 
to §400.000.

Portland—The  Hathaway  Furniture 
Co.  bas  been  incorporated  with  §10,000 
capital  stock.

Detroit—Tbe  Snyder  Cereal  Coffee 
Co.  bas  been  organized  with  a  capital 
stock  of  §10,000.

increased 

bas 
§5,690 to §10,000.

Freeport—The  Freeport  Cutter  Co. 
from 
Hermansville—The  capital  stock  of

its  capital  stock 

the  Wisconsin  Land  &  Lumber  Co.  bas 
been  increased  from  §250,000  to §1,000,- 
000.

Oxford—Tbe  Oxford  Pure  Food  Co. 
to  be  turning  out  “ Oxford 

expects 
Flakes”   by  Dec.  1.

Manistique—The  Burrell  Chemical 
Co.  has  a  record  of  4.42  gallons  of  alco­
hol  per  cord  of  wood.

Lyons—The  Ash-Harper Co.,  manu­
facturer  of  gas  engines,  has  increased 
its  capital  stock  from §11,000 to §16,coo.
Bruce  Crossing—The  McArthur  Lum­
ber  Co.  is  the  style  of  a  new  enterprise 
at  this  place. 
is  capitalized  at 
§10,000.

Kalamazoo—Tbe  style  of the  Upjohn 
Pill  &  Granule  Co.,  manufacturing 
pharmacist,  has  been  changed  to  tbe 
Upjohn  Company.

Detroit—The  La  Azora  cigar  factory 
will  open  a  branch  in  this  city  at  59 61 
Michigan  avenue.  The  branch  will  be 
in  charge  of  Sam  T.  Goidberg.

It 

Thompsonville—C.  M.  Fish  is  visit­
ing  Eastern  cities  for  the  purpose  of 
purchasing  new  machinery 
the 
woodenware  plant  at  this  place.

Fred  Ferguson,  for many  years  man­
ager  of  Robinson  &  Freeman’s  general 
store  at  Gould  City,  is  now  on  the  road 
for  Franklin  MacVeagb  &  Co.,  of Chi­
cago.

for 

Barryton—The  shingle  mill  plant  of 
W.  J.  Shanks  is  nearly  ready  for opera­
tions. 
It  is  located  on  the  north  branch 
of  the  Chippewa  River,  east  of  the  rail­
road  depot.

Rogers  City—The  Great  Lakes  Port­
land  Cement  Co., capitalized  at  §3,500,- 
000,  has  commenced  the  erection  of  a
2,000  barrel  factory  at  this  place.  This 
is  the  filth  plant  belonging  to  tbe  com­
pany,  and 
it  is  expected  that  it  will  be 
in  operation  by  July  1,  1903.

Adrian—Witbington  &  Co.  have 
merged  tbeir  wire  fence  manufacturing 
business 
into  a  corporation  under  the 
stye  of  the  Witbington  Fence  Co.  The 
authorized  capital  is  §100,000.

O wobso—The  Owosso Sugar Co.  build­
ings,  now  in  process  of  construction, 
will  constitute  a  large  plant.  Tbe  main 
building  will  be  70x260  feet,four  stories 
high. 
The  storage  building  will  be 
60x240  feet,  and  one  story  20  feet  in 
height.  Tbe  beet  sheds  will  be  200x400 
feet, 
in  addition  to  these  there  will  be 
lime  kilns  and  a  power  bouse.

Heating Supplies

Iron Pipe,  R adiator V alves, 
F ittin gs,  R adiators,  V alves, 
A ir  V alves,  P ip e  C overing.

Grand  Rapids Supply Company 
20  Pearl  St.,  Grand  Rapids,  Michigan

M n n n N n n i t N M M M

j  Hickory  Nuts 
|| 

Wanted 

|

£   Nam e  us  price  f.  o.  b.  you r  J  
Z 

station  or  delivered. 

x

M.  O.  B A K E R ,  ( b   CO. 

f  
f
♦ 
♦
#   119-121  Superior  St, Toledo,  Ohio  1

Commission Merchants 

For 30  Years

we ve  been  doing  the  best  we  could  to 
please the careful  cooks  who  are  particu­
lar about their Flour.  We have succeeded 
in  building  up  the  largest  merchant  mill­
ing  concern  in  this  State.  Our trade has 
been  increasing  more  rapidly  during  the 
past few years than  ever before.  There is 
a  reason  for  this.  We  know  what  it  is, 
you  know, too. 
It’s  q u a l i t y   that  tells. 
Our motto has been,  “ Make the best ”  and 
the  people will  do the rest.  They’ve done 
it.  We thank you for the loyal patronage, 
and assure you one and  all that our

Royal  Patent

has no  equal  as  a  fine,  high  grade  Pastry 
Flour.

Voigt’s  Crescent

is  a  standard  brand  flour  equalled  by  no 
mill  at  the  price. 
It  has  been repeatedly 
demonstrated to be “ Best  By Test.”

V O IQ T  M IL L IN G   C O .,  G ra n d   R a p id s,  M ic h .

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

5

Grand  Rapids  Gossip

Lottie  A.  Williams 

succeeds  V. 
A.  Signor  in  tbe  bakery  business  at  59 
West  Bridge  street.

C.  B.  Sieperda  bas  opened  a  grocery 
store  on  Buchanan  street  The  Judson 
Grocer  Company  sold  the  stock.

C.  A.  Btink  has  embarked  in  the  gro­
cery  business  at  3  Robinson  avenue. 
The  stock  was  furnished  by  the  Worden 
Grocer Co.

J.  M.  Wheeler,  formerly  engaged 

in 
the  grocery  business  at  White  Pigeon, 
has  opened  a  grocery  store  at  Shelby. 
The  stock  was  purchased  of  tbe  Worden 
Grocer  Co.

Carman  M.  Barrett,  formerly  engaged 
in  the  grocery  business  at  Richland, 
but  for  tbe  past  three  years  clerk  in 
the  general  merchandise  store  of  J.  F. 
Fairchild,  at Boyne City,  has  re-engaged 
in  the  grocery  business  at  Richland. 
Tbe  stock  was  furnished  by  tbe  Lemon 
&  Wheeler  Company.

The  independent  telephone  movement 
in  Indiana bas  assumed  a  phase of rapid 
and  thorough  development. 
It  will  be 
remembered  that  at  South  Bend  some­
thing  more  than  two  years  ago  an  in­
dependent  plant  was  bought  by  its  com­
petitors,  absorbed  and  discarded.  Tbe 
people  of  that  community,  after a  com­
paratively  brief  experience,  decided 
that  an 
independent  company  was  es­
sential,  and  a  strictly  modern,  first-class 
plant  now  numbering  more  than  1,200 
telephones  has  been  completed  this  past 
summer  and 
is  beginning  most  satis­
factory  operation.  This  system 
is  in 
negotiation  with  tbe  Citizens  Company 
for  complete  and  ample  toll  line  con­
nections,  thus opening  the  field  of  West­
ern  Michigan  to  independent  service 
with  the  whole  of  Indiana.  Through 
tbe  completion  a  few  weeks  ago  of  the 
U.  S.  toll 
line  system  to  a  connection 
with  the  Toledo  Home  Telephone  Com­
pany's  plant,  now  numbering  about
6.000 telephones,  the  great  Ohio  system 
of 
independent  telephones  closely  ap­
100,000  instruments,  is  in 
proximating 
dirct  connection  with  tbe  Michigan 
in­
dependent  system.  The  service, already 
very  good  for  that  region,will  be  rapid­
ly  improved and tbe traffic now large, will 
grow  steadily.  To  particularize  in  the 
matter  of  exchanges  now  built  and 
building  on  the  Southern  border  of  tbe 
Michigan 
interesting, 
would  be,  in  a  way,  repetitious—it  is 
a  continuance  of  the  old  story  so  famil­
iar  to  readers  of  the  Tradesman  as  to 
achievements  and successes  in tbe vicin­
ity  of  Grand  Rapids.  Those  successes 
may  be  more  adequately  reckoned  when 
it  is  remembered,  as  above  stated,  that 
the  Citizens  Company  now  has  nearly
12.000  telephones 
its  own  system, 
where  but  little  more  than  six  years  ago 
there  were  not  14,000 telephones  in  the 
entire  State,  both  peninsulas.

system,  while 

in 

T b e   P ro d u c e   M a rk e t.

Apples—$2@2.25  per  bbl.
Bananas—Good  shipping  stock,  $1.25 

@2  per  bunch.
yellow  stock.

Beeswax—Dealers  pay  25c  for  prime 
Beets—40c  per  bu.
Butter—Creamery  is  firm  and  higher, 
commanding  26c  for  fancy  and  25c  for 
choice.  Pound  prints  from  fancy  com­
mand  27c.  Dairy grades are stronger and 
slightly  higher,  commanding 2o@22c  for 
fancy,  170 19 c  for  choice and  I40i6c  fur 
packing  stock.  Receipts  of  dairy  are 
meager 
fair  in 
quality.

in  quantity  and  only 

Cabbage—40c  per  doz.

for  Ohio. 

Celery—Home  grown  is  in ample sup­

Carrots—35c  per  bu.
Cauliflower—$1.25  per doz.
Chestnuts—$506  per  bu. 
Michigan  nuts  command  $7.
Cocoanuts—$4  per  sack.
Cranberries—Cape  Cods  are  in  ample 
supply  at  $2.75  per  box  and  $8.25  per 
bbl.  for  Early  Blacks  and  $3.25  per  box 
and  $9.50  per  bbl.  for  Howes.
ply  at  17c  per  doz.
lb.  package,  7c.

D ates—Hallowi,  5 ^ c ;  Sairs,  5c;  1 
Egg  Plant—$1.25  per  doz.
Efigs—Local  dealers  pay  20@2ic  for 
case  count  and  22@24c  for candled.  Re­
ceipts 
small  and  quality  is  poor. 
Dealers  are  drawing  on  their  cold  stor­
age  supplies,  which  they  market  at 
1 9 0 2 IC .

are 

box. 

Figs—$1.10   per  10  lb.  box  of  Califor­
nia;  5  crown  Turkey,  17c;  3 crown,  14c.
Grapes—Malagas.  $5.2505.75 ; Cataw- 
bas,  20c  per 4  lb.  basket.
Honey—White  stock  is  in  ample  sup­
ply  at  I5@ i6c.  Amber  is  in  active  de­
mand  at  13© 14c  and  dark  is  in  moder­
ate  demand  at  io@ iic .
Lemons—Californias,$5 ; Messinas,$5.
Lettuce—I2^ c  per  lb.  for  hothouse.
Maple  Sugar—ioj^c  per  lb.
Maple  Syrup—$1  per gal.  for  fancy.
Nuts—Butternuts,  75c;  walnuts,  75c; 
Onions—Home  grown  stock  is  in  am­
ple  supply  at  6o@65c.  Pickling  stock, 
$2@3  per  bu.

hickory  nuts, $2.50  per  bu.

Jamaicas  fetch  $4.50  per  box.

Oranges—Floridas  command  $4  per 
Parsley—30c  per  doz.
Potatoes—The  market 

is  a  trifle 
weaker,  but  buying  at  country  points  is 
still  active  at  unchanged  prices.
Poultry—Receipts  are  small  and  not 
equal  to  the  demand.  Live  pigeons  are 
in  active  demand  at  6o@7oc.  Nester 
squabs,  either  live  or  dressed,  $2  per 
doz.  Dressed  stock  commands  the  fol­
lowing:  Spring  chickens, i i @I2c ;  small 
hens, 
io0 i i c ;  spring  ducks,  i i 0 12 c ; 
spring 
turkeys,  13 0 14 c ;  small  squab 
broilers,  I2j£@ i5c;  Belgian  hares,  12 ^  
© 15c..

Radishes—30c  per  doz.  for  hothouse.
Spanish  Onions—$1.25  per  crate.
Spinach—60c  per  bu.
Squash—2c  per  lb.  for  Hubbard.
Sweet  Potatoes—Jerseys,  S3.50  per 
bbl.  ;  Virginias,  $2.25.
Turnips—40c  per  bu.

H ides,  P e lts,  F u rs,  T a llo w   and  W ool.
Hides  remain  without  change.  There 
is  a  strong  market  at  high  values  and  a 
demand  above  the  offerings.  The  qual­
ity  is  at  its  best  during  the  year.  Offer­
ings  are  light  from  country  takeoff.

Pelts  are 

in  good  demand  at  an  ad­
vance  from  last  month.  The  supply  is 
is  no  accumulation.
not 
in  on  an  unsettled 
is  good  for  de­

Furs  are  coming 

large.  There 

market.  The  outlook 
sirable  goods.

Tallow  is  in  good  demand  and  values 

are  heid  firm  on  a  light  supply.

Wools  do  not  advance,  as  anticipated 
by  many.  Buyers  have  dropped  out  of 
the  Western  market,  as  holdings  were 
above  the  present  market.  At 
last 
week’s  prices  some  would  move.  Sales 
East  continue  large.  All  speculation  is 
eliminated  for  the  present.

Wm.  T.  Hess.

O ysters  F or  T h a n k sg iv in g .

Attention 

is  directed  to  the  oyster 
quotations  of  F.  J.  Dettenthaler  in  the 
this  week’s 
produce  department  of 
paper. 
These  quotations  are  so  at­
tractive  that  no  dealer can afford  to  pass 
them  by,  and  those  who  have  dealt  with 
Mr.  Dettenthaler  in  the  past—and  their 
name 
legion—require  no  assurance 
as  to  the  quality  of  the  stock  he  fur­
nishes.  Dealers  who  have  not  yet 
placed  their  Thanksgiving  oyster  orders 
would  do  well  to  do  so  without  further 
delay,  because  a  sudden  storm  on  the 
coast  or  a  freight  blockade  might  hold 
up  the  goods  in  transit  to  that  extent  as 
to  produce  a  scarcity  of  stock.

is 

For G illies’  N. Y.  tea,all kinds,grades 

and  prices,  call  Visner,  both  phones.

T b e   G r o c e r y   M a rk e t.

Sugars—The  raw  sugar market  is  very 
firm  and  prices  show  an  advance  of 
i - i 6 c  over  last  week's  quotations.  R e­
finers  are  ready  buyers,but  offerings  are 
very 
light  and  holders  are  asking  still 
higher  prices  for  what  they  have  to 
offer.  The  present  low  price  for  refined 
has  proved  attractive  to  many  buyers 
and  they  have  placed  orders  for con­
siderable  quantities,  particularly  of 
Michigan  beet  granulated.  The  market 
the  last  two  or  three  days  is  much  firm­
er and, now  that  the  margin  of  profit  be­
tween  the  quotations  of  the  standard 
grades  of  raw  and  refined  sugars  bas 
been  further  reduced  by  the  advance 
in 
raws,  it  is  not thought  probable  that  the 
refiners  will  made  a  further  reduction  at 
present  and  many  are 
looking  for  an 
advance  in  prices  soon.

Later—Prices  of  all  grades  of  refined 

have  advanced  10  points.

is 

light.  Corn 

Canned  Goods—Tbe  canned  goods 
market 
is  firm,  but  quiet.  There  is  a 
moderate  demand  for almost  everything 
in  the  line,  which  is  enough  to  keep  the 
market  in  good  shape,  although  there  is 
practically  no  speculative buying.  Com­
paratively little interest is taken in toma­
toes  at  present,  most  buyers  having  sup­
plied  their  needs  for  the  immediate  fu­
ture  by  buying  sufficient  to  make  up  for 
what  they  were  short  on  their  future 
contracts.  Prices  are  firmly  held,  but 
buying 
is  firmly  held 
and,  while  few  sales  are  made, 
the 
quantities  in  sight  are  very light.  There 
is  a  good  demand  for  peas  with  a  con­
tinued  scarcity  of  the  better  grades. 
Owing  to  light  demand and  lack  of  frost 
proof  storage,  one  Michigan  packer  is 
offering  about  2,000 cases  gallon  apples 
at  a  cut  of  about  10c  per  dozen.  Other 
packers,  however,  are  very  firm  in  their 
views  and  will  not  shade  prices  any. 
There  still  continues  a  good  demand 
for  peaches,  both  3  pounds  and  gallons. 
The  demand  for  Michigan  peaches  this 
season  bas  been  phenomenally large and 
the  peculiar  part  of  it  is  that  the princi­
pal  demand  has  been 
from  the  East, 
from  points  usually  supplied  by  Balti­
more  packers.  There  are  only  a  few 
small 
lots  scattered  here  and  there  over 
the  State  with  a  great  scarcity  of  the 
better  grades  of  syrup  peaches.  Small 
fruits  are  in  fair  demand,  with  an  ac­
tive  enquiry  for  strawberries,  both  in 
water  and  syrup  and  for  plums.  Stocks 
of  all  kinds  of  small  fruits  are  light  and 
are  very  firmly  held.  Trade  in  salmon 
is  good,  with prices  showing  no  change. 
Sardines  are  in  moderate  demand  with 
oils  very  firmly  held.  Mustards,  how­
ever,  show  some  easiness.
Dried  Fruits—There 

a 
strong  market  throughout  the  list  and  a 
good  trade 
is  noted  in  the  dried  fruit 
line.  The  present  weather  conditions, 
however,are  not  very  favorable  for  busi­
ness  in  this  line.  The  situation  in  the 
prune  market  is  still  firm  and  stocks  of 
40-503  and  50 60s  are  very 
limited. 
Small  sizes  are  not  in  active  demand, 
but are  moving out  fairly  well.  Some  of 
the  new  goods  are  now  en route from  tbe 
coast  and  are  expected 
in  very  soon. 
Raisins  are  firmly  held  and  supplies 
continue  very  light.  The  late  arrivals 
of  new  goods  from  tbe  coast have caused 
considerable  inconvenience  to tbe  trade, 
but 
is  hoped  the  delay  will  soon  be 
over  and  the  present  scarcity  relieved. 
Seeded  raisins  are  particularly  strong 
and  meeting  with 
demand. 
Peaches  and  apricots  are  steady,  but 
sales  are  only  in  small  lots.  Currants 
are  unchanged 
in  price  and  show  a 
moderate  demand.  Figs  are  firmly  held

continues 

good 

it 

and  are  meeting  with  a  good  demand, 
particularly 
for  the  package  goods. 
Dates  are  still  firm,  although  stocks  are 
considerably  heavier  than  a  few  weeks 
ago.  The  demand  also 
in­
creased.  Trade  in  evaporated  apples  is 
picking  up  a 
in  anticipation  of 
the  Thanksgiving  trade.  Prices,  how­
ever,  show  no  change  and  indications 
do  no  point  to  any  higher  prices  in  tbe 
near  futute.

is  much 

little 

Rice—Trade 

in  rice 
is  quite  active 
and  continues  to  show 
improvement. 
The  wants  of  the  consuming  trade  are 
larger  as  the  season  advances. 
growing 
There 
is  no  accumulation  of  stocks  and 
prices  hold  steady.  Southern  advices 
report  a  backward  movement  of  tbe crop 
on  account  of  the  wet  weather  earlier  in 
tbe  season,  but  it  is  generally  believed 
that  the  yield  will  be  as  large  as  last 
season.

Molasses—The molasses  market  shows 
considerable  activity  and buyers display 
more 
interest  than  heretofore.  Prices 
are  firmly  heid  for  all  grades.  Advices 
from  New  Orleans  stated  that  offerings 
of  desirable  grades  of  new crop molasses 
were  only  moderate,  weather  conditions 
being  unfavorable 
for  tbe  maturing  of 
the  sugar  cane.

Fish—Trade  in  fish  is  practically  un­
changed,  with  the  usual  moderate  de­
mand  for  all  grades.  Mackerel  and  cod­
fish  both  continue  firm,  with  codfish 
showing  a  slight  advance.

Nuts—With  the  exception  of  peanuts, 
almost  everything  in  this  line  is  steady 
and  meeting  with  a  good  demand. 
Brazils  are  somewhat  stronger,  with  an 
advancing  tendency. 
in 
large  supply  and  some  easiness  is  ex­
pected  to  manifest  itself  shortly.  Wal­
nuts  are  active  and  prices  are  well  sus­
tained  on  all  offerings.

Pecans  are 

Prof.  Atwater,  who has  been  frequent­
ly  quoted  as  to  the  food value of alcohol, 
asserts  that  he  has  been  misreported 
and  hence  misunderstood.  He  never 
said  that  alcohol,  while  injurious  to  the 
human  system 
if  taken  in  large  quan­
tities,  bas  a  beneficial  and  nutritive 
value  when  taken  in  small  quantities. 
What  be  did  say  was  that  small  doses 
may  produce  good  effects 
in  some 
cases  of  exhaustion  or  enfeebled  di­
gestion  or  acute  disease ;  and  his  state­
ments  were  made on  tbe  authority  of  ex­
perienced  physicians.  This  is  quite  a 
different  thing  from  recommending  al­
cohol  as  an  article  having  a  positive 
food  value.
A  man 

in  New  York  made  the  hor­
rible  mistake  of  eloping  with  his  own 
wife.  Tbe  perfidious  lady  suspected  her 
husband  of flirting  with  a  widow.  She 
impersonated  the  widow  and  wrote  him 
that  she  would  wear  a  veil  and  a  bunch 
of  chrysanthemums.  She  did  so,  and 
not  until  they  were  well  on  their  rail­
road 
journey  did  she  reveal  her  iden­
tity.  This  only  shows  what  victims 
poor  men  are  made  of  by  guileless 
women.

Piles Cured

By  New  Painless  Dissolvent 
treatment;  no  chloroform  or 
knife.  Send  for book.

Dr.  W illard  M.  Burleson 

Rectal  Specialist

103 Monroe St., Grand  Rapids, Mich.

6

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

DOM ESTIC  D IST U R B E R .

B la m in g   tb e   G rocer  F or H is W ife’s Short­

co m in gs.

Were  the  grocer’s  burdens  not  already 

heavy  enough?

Were  his  trials  and  tribulations  not 

already  heavier than  he  could  bear?

I  heard  a  man  accuse  tbe  grocer  last 
week  of  being  responsible  for  many  a 
case  of  matrimonial  incompatibility!

How  does  that  hit  you?
This  man  began  at  me  in  this  w ay:
"S a y ,  while  you’ re  writing  pieces  for 
your  paper, why don't you say  something 
about the  grocers  that  break  up  happy 
homes?”

“ What  in  heaven’s  name  are  you 

talking  about?”   I  demanded.

I  was  riled  anyhow,  for  if  there  is 
anything  that  gets  on  me  it  is  to  be  ac­
cused  of  writing  “ pieces”  for tbe paper. 
I  regard  what  1  write as much too classic 
to  be  spoken  of  in  any  such  way.

"W ell,  I'll  tell  you,”   besaid.  “ Take 
my  own  case,  for example.  On  Sunday 
I  look  forward  to  a  good  dinner.  We 
have  lunch  in  the  middle of  the  day  and 
dinner  at  five. 
It's  usually  tbe  big 
meal,  and  as  I'm  a  pretty  good  feeder, 
I  usually  let  out  a  reef  in my  waistband 
before  I  go  down  and  prepare  myself  to 
have  a  good  time.

“ Last  Sunday  we  had  the  toughest 
gutta-percha  chicken,  as  the  piece  de 
resistance,  that  ever  sneaked 
into  my 
I  got  mad  the  minute  I  began 
house. 
to  carve 
it;  my  dinner  was  spoiled;  I 
had  a  scrap  with  my  wife  and  slapped 
the  children.  We  spent  Sunday  even­
ing 
in  gloomy  silence—everybody  at 
odds  with  everybody  else.

“ Now,  that  chicken  was  supplied  by 
our  grocer,”   be  concluded,  “ and  be 
had  told  my  wife  it  was  tender.  Wasn't 
he  responsible  for the  domestic  difficul­
ties  that  it  caused?”

That  was  my  cue,  and  1  got  right  in 

the  game.

“ Before  I  answer  that,”   says  I,  “ let 
me  ask  you  something.  You  are  a 
lawyer,  are  you  not?”

He  said  be  was,  although 

I  have 
heard  some  of  his  former clients deny it.
“ Well,”   1  asked,  “ do  you  win  ail 

“ Very  well,”   1  pursued,  “ do  you 
hold  yourself 
responsible  for  losing 
them,  if  you  have  done  the  best  you 
can?”

“ Certainly  not,”   he  replied,  begin­

ning to  get  a  little  sniff.

“ And  you  are  not  responsible,  of 
course”   1 said,“ and  for exactly tbe same 
reason  the  grocer  is  not 
responsible 
either,  if  he  has  done  his  best  to  get 
good  stuff. 
tough 
chickens  in  the  world,”   said  I,  “ and 
somebody  has  to  get  them. 
I  had  one 
myself  week  before  last—haven't  you  a 
right  to  have  a  turn?

There  are  some 

“ As  a  matter  of  fact,”   1  continued, 
“ tbe  fault  was  partly,if  not  wholly,your 
wife’s,  if  you  will  excuse  me.  There 
are  ways  of  telling  a  tender chicken,and 
every  woman  ought  to  know  them.”

Great  gad!  But  1  was glad  to get  that 
shot  in !  She 
is  the  woman  who  told 
somebody  that  I  looked  fifty-five  years 
old.

But,  while  it  was  a  shot,  it  was  a  true 
one,  all  right.  Tbe  woman  who  does  the 
marketing  for  a  family  is  supposed  to 
know  something  of  the  difference  be­
tween  good  stuff  and  poor.  All  tbe  re­
sponsibility  of  tbe  choice  should  not  be 
on  the  grocer,  for,  after  all,  he  can  only

your cases?”

him  on  the  hip.

did  not.

He  had  just  lost  a  big  one,  and  I  bad 

He  admitted  somewhat  sourly  that  be 

use  the  simple 
little  tests  of  goodness 
that  she  can  use  and  ought  to  know  how 
to  use.

Is  not  that true?
The 

idea  of  a  man  trying  to  accuse 
the  grocer  of  causing  bis  disagreeable 
scraps  with  bis  wife  made  me  hot.  The 
fault  was  not tbe  grocer's  at  all—it  wap 
his  wife’s  fault,  first,  for  not  knowing 
how  to  buy;  and  bis own  fault,  second, 
for  having  a  temper  so  poor that  it  goes 
to  pieces  over  trifles.

He  ought  to  have  a  temper  like  mine 
—the  only  time  1  get  mad  is  when  my 
salary  is  raised.

I  have  not  been  mad  from  that  reason 
in  Grocery 

for  some  time.—Stroller 
World.

O fficial  R u lin g   On  P rocess  B u tter.
Commissioner  Yerkes  has  issued  the 

following  on  process  butter:

In  the  case  of  a  certain  renovated 
butter  firm  after  tbe  renovated  butter 
manufactured  by  them  has  been packed, 
marked,  stamped  and  branded,  as  re­
quired  by  law.  the  same  is  put  into  a 
hallway  communicating  with  refriger­
ating  room,  which  refrigerating  room 
contains  creamery  butter  and  packing 
stock.  They  have  made  a  request  of 
the  Commissioner  that they be permitted 
to  continue  such  practice.  The  regu­
lations  provide  that “ collectors of  inter- 
al  revenue  will  decline  to  approve  the 
bond  of  the  manufacturer  of  renovated 
butter,  unless  they  are  satisfied  that  the 
premises  to  be  used  for  the  manufacture 
of  that article  are  entirely  separate from 
those  used  for tbe  manufacture  of  adul­
terated  butter  or  oleomargarine,  or  for 
the  handling  or  manipulation  of  butter 
not  taxable  under  the  act  of  May  9, 
1902."
The  result clearly  intended  to  be  ac­
complished  by  this  rule  is  that the  par­
ticular  room  or  rooms  in  which tbe busi­
ness  is  carried  on  must  be  entirely  sep­
arated  by  solid  walls  or  partitions  from 
any  room  or  place  where  adulterated 
butter  or  oleomargarine,  or  butter not 
taxed  under  the  act  of  May  9,  1902,  is 
produced.
Mr.  Yerkes  has  therefore  replied  that 
tbe  renovated  butter factory  premises  of 
all  manufacturers  must  be  entirely  sep­
arated  from  the  place  where  they handle 
creamery  butter.  There  must  be  such  a 
separation  between  establishments  that 
it  will  be  necessary, in  order  to  have  ac­
cess  to  the  creamery  butter  premises, 
to  go  entirely  outside  of  the  place  or 
part  of  the  building  where the renovated 
butter  is  produced.  Tbe  renovated  but­
ter  produced  by  them should  be kept en­
tirely  by 
itself  until  actually  removed 
from  place  of  manufacture.

R ecen t  B u sin ess  C hanges  in   In d ian a.
Columbia City—Samuel Evans  is  clos­
ing  out  bis  grocery  stock  preliminary  to 
retiring  from  trade.

Cowan—The  Neff  Manufacturing  Co., 
manufacturer  of  washing  machines,  has 
discontinued  business.

Decatur—Vogelwede  Bros,  dealers  in 
boots  and  shoes,  have  dissolved  partner­
ship.  The  business  is  continued  by  C. 
J.  Vogelwede.

Markle—F.  E.  Alshouse,  of  Fox  & 

Alshouse,  hardware  dealers,  is  dead.

Mulberry—David  Atkinson  has  pur­
chased  the  interest  of  bis  partner  in  the 
grocery  business  of Atkinson & Thomas.
Talbot—F.  A.  Vant  succeeds  E.  I. 

King  &  Son  in  the  grain  business.

Zionville—Brock  &  Cully,  hardware 
dealers,  have  dissolved  partnership, 
John  W.  Brock  succeeding.

Milford—A  receiver  has  been  ap­
pointed  in  the  case  of  the  Indiana  Port­
land  Cement  Co.

Q u eer  T h in gs.

pole—

to  hunt  the  north 

Billy—Men  go 
Joe-W ell?
Billy—But  they  can’t cut any ice until 

they  get  back  home.

REMOVAL

We  are  pleased  to  announce  to  our 
friends  and  patrons  that  we  have  va­
cated  the  Gunn  building,  5  and  7 South 
Ionia  street,  and  may  now  be  found  in 
the  new  block  we  have  been  building 
this  summer  for  a  permanent  home,  86 
and  88  South  Ionia  street,  opposite  ex­
press  office  at  the  Union  Station,  and 
we  give  you  a  special  invitation  to  call 
and  examine  our  building  and  works, 
which  have  been  designed  and  erected 
especially  for  our  business,  whether  in 
need  of  goods  or  not.  We  shall  take 
great  pleasure  in  entertaining  any of  our 
friends  who  may  see  fit  to  call,  and  feel 
sure  you  will  be  well  repaid  for  time 
and  trouble  taken  and  will  say,  with 
ourselves,  that  we  certainly  have  pleas­
ant,  convenient  and comfortable quarters.
I  Thanking  all  our  friends  for  the  gener­
ous  patronage  accorded  us  in  the  past 
and  hoping  for  a  continuance  of  the 
same,  promising  renewed  efforts 
to 
serve  you  courteously,  faithfully  and 
honestly,  we  are

Yours  truly,

A.  E.  Brooks  &  Co.,

86-88  South  Ionia  Street,
Grand  Rapids,  Mich.

P.  S.  Our  new  catalogue  and  price 

list  free  on  request.

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N !

7

Hotel W arw ick

Grand  Rapids, M ich.

Livingston Hotel

147  F in e   O u tsid e   R o o m s

A  Well  Equipped,  Liberally  Managed 

First-Class  Hotel.

Special  attention given  to  Commercial Trade. 
Rates: $2 per day.  Room  with  bath,  $2.50.

A.  B.  Gardner,  Manager

Grand  Rapids,  Mich

“ Q U I C K   M E A L ”
Blue  Flame  Oil  Stoves

Gasoline,  Gas  and

have  been  in use  for  years.

“Quick Meal”  Steel  Ranges

QUICK  MEAL

cannot  be equalled  in  material,  construction, 
durability,  finish  and  baking  quality.  They 
prove  a  lasting  advertisement.  People  who 
use a  “ quick  meal”   know  how  to  cook  a 
meal quick  and  eat  it  in  comfort. 
“ Quick 
Meal”   stoves  look well,  cook well,  bake well 
and last well.  They could  not  be  made  bet­
ter at  any price.  Their immense sale  is  due 
to  their merits—to nothing else.

“ Quick  Meal”  is  the only  “ Best.”  

Write  for  new  1903  catalogue.

O.  E.  YÄNDERYEEN,  Jobber,  Grand  Rapids,  Mich.

8

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

Devoted to the  Best Interests  of Business Men

Published weekly by the

TRAD ESM AN   COMPANY 

Grand Rapids

S u b scrip tion  P r ice 

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panied by paym ent to date.

Sample copies, 5 cents apiece.

Entered at the Grand Rapids Postofflce

W hen w riting to any of our advertisers, please 

say that you saw the advertisem ent 

in the  Michigan Tradesman.
E .  A.  STOWE,  E d i t o r . 

WEDNESDAY 

- 

-  NOVEMBER  19,  1902.

STA T E  OF  MICHIGAN  I 

County  of  Kent 

f  *

poses  and  says  as  follows:

John  DeBoer,  being  duly  sworn,  de­
I  am  pressman  in  the  office  of  the 
Tradesman  Company  and  have  charge 
in 
of  the  presses  and  folding  machine 
that  establishment. 
1  printed  and 
folded  7,000  copies  of  the 
issue  of 
November  12,  1902,  and  saw the  edition 
mailed in the usual  manner.  And  further 
deponent  saith  not. 
Sworn  and  subscribed  before  me,  a 
notary  public  in  and  for  said  county, 
this fifteenth  day  of  November,  1902.
Notary  Public  in  and  for  Kent  county, 

Henry  B.  Fairchild, 

John  DeBoer.

Mich.

T H E   TH O U SA N D T H   ISSU E.

When  the  first  issue  of  the  Michigan 
Tradesman  appeared,  a  thousand  weeks 
ago,  it  would  have  required  a  more san­
guine  temperament  than  that  possessed 
by  the  average  individual  to  have  pre­
dicted  the  splendid  success  which  has 
since  been  achieved  by  this  publica­
tion.  To  the  average  observer  the  field 
looked  small  and  uninviting  and  the 
probability  of  success  anything  but 
promising.  Hard  work,  patient  en­
deavor  and painstaking effort,  have how­
ever,  met their reward,  as  usual,  and  the 
result  is  a  publication,  now  in  its  twen­
tieth  year,  with  seven thousand steadfast 
subscribers  and  a  constantly  enhiging 
circle  of  advertising  patrons,  many  of 
whom  have  been  with  the  paper  since 
the  first  year  of  publication.

The  Tradesman  will,  perhaps,  be  par­
doned 
if  it  improves  this  occasion  to 
indulge  in  a  little  self-glorification,  es­
pecially  in  view  of  the  fact  that  it  does 
not  often  sound  its  own  praises.  Dur­
ing  the  career of  the  Tradesman  seven 
trade  papers  have  started  and  died  at 
Detroit  and  four  have  met  a  similar 
fate  at  Saginaw. 
Frequent  attempts 
have  been  made  to  establish  competing 
publications  at  the  Grand  Rapids  mar­
ket,  but  only  one  ever  saw  the  light  of 
day  and  that  one  ceased  to  exist  after  a 
few  issues.  The  Tradesman  has  always 
pursued  a  liberal  policy  toward  its  com­
petitors,  content  to  accept  the  opinion 
of  the  business  public  as  to  the  relative 
merits  of  each  aspirant  for  recognition 
and  confident  that  the  verdict  finally 
rendered would  not  be  unfriendly  or  un­
favorable  to  the  senior  publication.

The  Tradesman  gladly  avails  itself  of 
this  opportunity  to  extend 
its  hearty 
thanks  to  the  contributors  who  have  so 
generously  assisted  in  making  the  pres­
ent 
issue  a  memorable  one  in  the  his­
tory  of  trade  journalism.

H O M E  O F  T H E   TRUSTS.

In  addition  to  being  the  home  of  the 
largest  variety  of  mosquito  known  to

In 
to  outside  corporations, 

mankind,  the  State  of  New  Jersey  dur­
ing  the  past  six  years  has  earned  the 
designation  of  being  the  “ home  of  the 
1896  834  charters  were 
trusts." 
granted 
for 
which  the  filing  fees  amounted  to  $75,- 
000,  and  the  annual  franchise  tax  to 
$7<37>430.  The  popularity  of  the  State 
as  a  place  for  incorporating  trusts  is 
shown  by  the  fact  that five  years  later, 
in  1901,  2,347  charters  were  granted,  for 
which  the  filing  fees  were  $560,000,  and 
the  annual  franchise  tax  $16,628,958.

incorporated 

The  total  capitalization  of  the com­
panies 
in  1901  amounted 
to  the  enormous sum  of $1,907,390,530. 
The  revenue  derived  by  New  Jersey 
from  these  corporations  is  already  about 
60  per  cent  of  the  total amount required 
for  the  support  of  the  State  government 
and  the  people  expect  in  a  few  years, 
at  the  present  rate  of  increase,to  relieve 
the  taxpayers  of  all  their  burdens.  A 
writer  in  an  Eastern  law  publication 
is 
even  so  bold  as  to  predict  that,  if  the 
formation  of  trusts  in  New  Jersey  con­
tinues,  within  a  few  years  there  may  be 
an  annual  dividend  paid  to  the  taxpay­
ers  out  of  the  revenue  derived  from 
them.

The  cause  of  this 

is  the  favorable 
condition  of  the  laws  of  New  Jersey  for 
corporation  freedom.  Wide  latitude  is 
allowed  in  transacting  business,  nothing 
being  barred  except  railroading  and 
banking  for  ordinary  commercial  com­
panies.  Charters  are  unlimited  as  to 
time,  and  taxation  of franchises  is  fixed 
at  a  very  low  rate.  The  freedom  guar­
anteed  permits  of  all  sorts of  trickery 
on  the  part  of  the  incorporators,and  un­
less  a  New  Jersey  trust  is  managed 
with  great  care,  and by  men  of  acknowl­
edged  probity,  it  is  usually  viewed  with 
suspicion  by  outside  investors.

The  success  of  New  Jersey,  however, 
in 
luring  capital  into  its  precincts  has 
encouraged  other  states  to  engage  in 
the  business.  Kentucky,  Delaware  and 
Colorado  have  all  adopted  liberal  cor­
poration 
laws  for  this  purpose,  and  re­
cently  Arizona  has  emulated  their  ex­
ample. 
In  all  these  States  the  incorpo­
ration  of  trusts  has  become  aleadingjn- 
dustry.  As 
is  shown  in  New  Jersey,  it 
is  certainly  a  profitable  business.

The  official  forecast  of  the  Indian  in­
digo  crop 
is  particularly  pessimistic, 
and  again  furnishes  definite  proof that 
it is  only  a  question  of  a  few years when 
chemist  will  have 
the 
synthetical 
turned  a  great 
industry 
into  a  mere 
memory.  The  total  area  planted  this 
is  only  93,154  acres,  as  compared 
year 
with 
168,990  acres 
last  year,  or  a  de­
crease  of  45  per  cent.  Compared  with 
the  average  acres  under  indigo  for  the 
preceding  five  and  ten  years,  the  de­
cline  is  70  per  cent,  in  each  case.  With 
this 
immense  decrease  year  by  year,  it 
is  only  too  plain  to  realize  that the  in­
dustry 
is  doomed  and  that  the  Indian 
government  will  have  another  serious 
economic  difficulty  on  its  hands. 
Just 
as  cane  culture  superseded  the  cultiva­
tion  of 
in  Louisiana,  the  same 
process  of  evolution  is  likely  to  be  seen 
in  India,but with  this difference :  In  the 
case  of  the  Louisiana  planter  it  was  not 
a  case  of  necessity,  but  the  securing  of 
a  more  profitable  crop.  The  cultivation 
of  sugar  is  being  fostered  by  the  Indian 
government  and  some  progress  has  al­
ready  been  made.  Whether  the  new 
staple  will  lead  to  a  solution  of the  diffi­
culty  remains  to  be  seen.  As  it  is,  with 
its  teeming  population,  reaching 
into 
the  hundreds of  millions  of  b o u I s ,  there 
is  an  almost  unlimited  outlet  for  the 
product.

indigo 

PROG RESSING  B A C K W A R D .

It 

The  October  Bulletin  of  the  State 
Dairy  and  Food  Department—received 
Nov.  18—serves notice  on  manufacturers 
of  extract  of  lemon  that  on  and  after 
January  1,  1903,  all  lemon  extracts  must 
contain  5  per  cent,  of  lemon  oil  to  con­
form to the United States Pharmacopoeia. 
Whether  this  ruling  will  be  accepted  by 
those  manufacturers  who  have  aban­
doned  the  antiquated  methods  of  the 
past  and  are  now  making  lemon  extract 
on  the  more  modern methods which have 
come  into  use  during  the  past  twenty 
years,  remains  to  be  seen. 
It  is  also  a 
question  whether  a  food  product  should 
be defined  by  the Pharmacopoeia,  which 
is  the  standard  authority  for  pharma­
cists,  but 
is  not  intended  to  define  the 
standard  of  goods  produced  by  food 
manufacturers. 
If  the  Dairy  and  Food 
Department  succeeds  in  getting  extract 
of  lemon  made  in exact  accordance  with 
the Pharmacopoeia, it ought also to estab­
lish  a  similar standard  for  mince  meat 
and  sauer  kraut. 
is  a  well-known 
fact  that  the  standards  of the  Pharma­
copoeia  are  changed frequently.  For  in­
stance,  the  Pharmacopoeia  of  1880 held 
that  extract  of  lemon  should  contain  6 
percent,  of  oil.  The  Pharmacopoeia  of 
1890  reduced  the  standard  to  5  per  cent. 
The  Pharmacopoeia  of 1900, which is not 
yet  issued—being  about  as  far  behind 
as  the  publication  of  the  State  Dairy 
and  Food  Department—may  reduce  the 
standard  to  4  per cent.  This  variation 
shows  how  unstable  such  an  authority  is 
and  how  disadvantageous 
it  would  be 
to  manufacturers  to  establish  standards 
for their  products  which  might  conform 
to  the  Pharmacopoeia  one year,but  beat 
variance  therewith  a  year or  two  after­
ward. 
Fortunately,  the  attitude  of the 
Food  Department  on  this  question— 
which  appears  to  be  about  as  ridiculous 
as  anything  the  Department  has ever 
undertaken  (and  it  has  espoused  no  end 
of  fool  ideas  and  met  ignominious  de­
feat  a  number  of  times  in  consequence 
thereof)—will  shortly  be  judicially  re­
viewed 
in  the  court  proceedings  insti­
tuted  by  the  Department  against  a 
manufacturer  of  lemon  extract,  so  that 
the  retail  trade  will  soon  know  whether 
it  is  safe  to  handle  goods  which  have 
been  regarded  as  standard  for  the  past 
dozen  years  or  whether  it  must  throw 
them  out  and  put  in  goods  which  are  so 
fully  charged  with  oil  that they will  turn 
to  turpentine  after  being  exposed  to  the 
light  for  a  week.

The  effort  of the  Department  to  estab­
lish  arbitrary  standards  of  strength,  in 
the  absence  of 
legislative  action,  is  a 
usurpation  of  authority  which  ought  not 
to  be  tolerated  for a  single  moment,  be­
cause,  if  the  Food  Department  can  es­
tablish  and  maintain  standards  of  this 
character,  it  would  amount  to  the  aboli­
tion  of  the  Legislature  and  the  courts. 
It  is  commonly  supposed  that  food  laws 
should  originate  and  receive  the  sanc­
tion  of  the  Legislature,  and  this  attempt 
on  the  part  of  the  Food  Department  to 
arrogate  to  itself  the  duties  of the Legis­
lature  ought  to  receive  the  severe  con­
demnation  of  the  people,  and  undoubt­
edly  will  result  in  either  the  abolition 
of  all  food  laws  now  on  the statute books 
or  in  taking  the  Commissioner  and  his 
deputies  out  of  the  mire  of  party  pol­
itics, so  that  the  enforcement  of the  laws 
may  be  placed  in  the  hands  of  men  of 
character,  experience  and  ability, 
in­
stead  of  being  delegated  to  political  ac­
cidents  who  misuse  their  positions  to 
usurp  the  duties  of  courts  and  legisla­
tures  and  heap  unnecessary  hardships

on  those  who  cater  to  the  needs  and  ne­
cessities  of  the  masses.

Better  have  no  laws and no restrictions 
against  adulteration  and  sophistication 
than  to  place  the  enforcement  of  the 
laws 
in  the  bands  of  incompetent  men !

W H E N   M EN  D ID N ’T  C AR E.

Dr.  Kornel  Preisich  and  Dr.  Alader 
Shutz  have  made  the discovery that peo­
ple  who  do  not  keep  their  hands  im­
maculately  clean,  and  especially  their 
finger  nails,  are 
in  danger of  tubercu­
losis.  Experiments  were  made  and  the 
doctors  have  been  convinced  that  much 
tuberculosis  arises  from  the  fact  that 
people  do  not  keep  their  bands  in  a 
proper  condition. 
The  doctors  warn 
parents  to  keep  their  children's  bands 
clean  if  they  wish  them  to  be  free  from 
tuberculosis.  The  learned  German  doc­
tors  may  be  correct 
in  their  theories, 
but  dirty  and  unkempt  hands  seem  to 
belong  to  peculiarly  healthy,  non-con­
sumptive  people.  What 
is  one  to  do 
with  these  doctors,  anyway?  One  man 
“ Take  your  child  into 
tells  a  mother: 
the  country,  let  him  roll 
in  the  mud, 
smell  earth's  sweet  odors  and  bask  in 
the  sun  and  delight  in  dirt.”

Then  up  comes  another  doctor and 
says:  “ If  you  do  not  keep  your child's 
hands  clean  he  will die of tuberculosis. ”
Oh  for  the  good  old  days  when  men 
died  and  their  relatives  did  not  care  a 
rap  whether  the  disease was  tuberculosis 
or  appendicitis !

The 

lessened. 

fire  department  authorities  in 
issued  an  order 
New  York  City  have 
that  after  January 
1  next,  no  permits 
will  be  issued  for  the  storage  or sale  of 
parlor  matches 
in  that  city.  That  is 
in  the  belief  that  thereby  the  fire 
done 
risk  will  be  very  much 
It  is 
said  that  last  year  in  the  metropolis 
there  were  in  the  neighborhood  of  1,300 
fires,the  origin  of  which  could  be  traced 
to  parlor  matches,  and  incident  to  these 
conflagrations  eight 
lost. 
This  order  is  no  hardship  to  the people, 
because 
are  plenty  ol  other 
matches  equally  cheap  and  convenient. 
In  fact,  although  there  are  a  great  many 
new  tangled  and  fancy  matches  on  the 
market,none  of  them  are  better  than  the 
old-fashioned,blue head,  sulphur tipped, 
which  have  stood  the  test,  strike  fire 
every  time  when  desired  and are reason­
ably  safe.

lives  were 

there 

Thin  teachers  are  in  active  demani 
in  Philadelphia.  The  situation  in  that 
city  affords  them  the  chance  of  their 
lives.  The  Philadelphia  Record  quotes 
the  remark  of  an  official,  made  in  all 
seriousness,  that  in  a  certain  school  the 
crowd  of  pupils 
is  so  great  that  it  has 
become  necessary  to  select  slim teachers 
for  several  of  the  divisions,  as  women 
even  of  ordinary  size  can  not  make 
their  way  through  the  aisles  so  readily 
as  to  attend  efficiently  to  the  work  of 
their  classes. 
It  has  been  decided  to 
enlarge  the  school  by  two  divisions, 
and  for  the  new  positions  only 
the 
“ slim”   teachers  need  apply.

The  Legislature  of  Vermont  is  wrestl­
ing  with  the  liquor  question  for  the  first 
time  in  fifty  years. 
It  looks  likely  that 
the  prohibition  law  will  be repealed and 
that  some  sort of  a  license  system  will 
be  established.  Public  sentiment  seems 
to  incline  toward high license  with  local 
option,  although  there  is  some  favor for 
a  dispensary  law.  A  bitter  discussion 
is  anticipated,  as  the Prohibitionists  are 
yet  far  from  dead  and  will oppose  to  the 
utmost  any  scheme  sanctioning  the  sale 
of  liquor.

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

9

Spring  Wheat  makes the flour that
the  best
* 
bread.  Of  all  spring  wheat  flours  the 
best is

m a k e s  

^  

LAUREL

made by a miller (with  a  lifetime’s  expe­
rience)  who  buys  the  best  grain  and 
makes  his  flour  by  the  latest  and  most 
improved  methods.  The  increasing  de­
mand is the  best proof of its  merit.

Send orders to

W o r d e n  ("¡r o c e r  C o m p a n y

G R A ND   R A P ID S ,  M IC H .

sss
\sss\
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Distributors  for 
Western  Michigan

Julius 

30 and 32 Canal st., 
Grand Rapids, lUicb.

Pianos»  Organs»

Sheet  VHusic» 
Calking machines,

and  all  kinds  of 

I
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Small  m usical  Instrum ents
Hiflbt  Goods,  Right P rices  and  Right treatm en t  is our motto

A  F E W   P O I N T E R S

Showing the benefits  the  merchant  receives 

by using the

Kirkwood Short Credit 
System of Accounts
It  prevents  forgotten  charges. 
It  makes 
disputed accounts  Impossible.  It  assists  In 
making collections.  It  saves  labor  In  book­
keeping.  It systematizes  credits.  It  estab­
lishes confidence between you and  your  cus­
tomer.  One writing  does  It  all.  For  full 
particulars write or call on

A.  H. Morrill, Agent

103  Ottawa  St.,  Qrand  Rapids,  Mich.

Manufactured by Cosby-Wirth  Printing 

' 

Co.,  St.  Paul,  Minn.

IIIItnMMNItllHnMNItICnHItMnMiaHMiMi

R .  3.  Triedrici)

The  Favorite 

Chips 

11  1 

k

The  Favorite 

Chips

Wholesale  Only

Jewelry  and  Novelties

We carry a  large  and  complete stock  of  Rings,  Lockets, 
Chains,  Broaches,  Buckles,  Collar  Buttons,  Scarf  Pins, 
Charms;  Fobs, Hair Ornaments,  etc.  Our sample lines of

Jewelry  show  the  season’s  Latest Styles, 
the  Newest Things,  at  Right  Prices.

The  most  Attractive  and  Profitable 
chant can  handle.  Write  us for  sample  order,

line  any  mer­

$25.00

of  our  Money  Makers.  Every  article  guaranteed  to 
give entire satisfaction.

American  Jewelry  Co.

Tower  Block 

Grand  Rapids,  Michigan

There are lots of Chocolate Chips  on  the  mar­
ket,  but  the  Favorite  Chocolate  Chips  lead 
them all.  We put them  up  in  5  lb.  boxes,  20 
lb. and 30 lb.  pails  and  in  our  new  10c  pack­
ages.  S.  B.  &  A.  on every piece.  Made only by

Straub  B ros.  <8b  A m io tte ,  T r a v erse  C ity ,  M ich.

1902  Jardiniere  Assortment

Jardiniers,  assorted  blends,  2 dozen in  a  package. 

y i  dozen  7 inch assorted  tints for  I2.37 
y$  dozen  8 inch  assorted  tints for  3 00 
*/i  dozen 9 inch  assorted tints for  4  38

Total 

- 

$9.75

- 

- 

They sell  themselves  for 50,  65  and  75  cents each. 

Write  for a  package  now.

GEO.  H.  WHEELOCK  &  CO.

113  and  115  West Washington Street,  South  Bend,  Ind.

Í O

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

■ E X P E R T   SE R V IC E .

A ssista n ce  o f  E v ery   K in d   R e la tin g   to  I n ­

surance.

A  project  worthy  of the  interest  of  the 
public 
is  the  business  of  the  Policy 
Holders'  Union,  of  Chicago,  a  corpora­
tion  officered  by  prominent  business 
men  of  that  city.  They  examine  poli­
cies  of 
insurance,  pointing  out  errors 
and  omissions  and  recommending  im­
provements  in  the  form  of  riders,  give 
legal  and  other  advice  relating  to  the 
insurance  of  their  subscribers,  and, 
when  necessary,  assist  in  the adjustment 
of  losses.  Furthermore,  they are  pledged 
to  the  furtherance  of  beneficial 
legisla­
tion,  the  improvement  of  general  con­
ditions  that  will  tend  to the  reduction 
of  the  cost  of  insurance.

Policy  holders  should  recognize  that 
the  standard  form  of  policy  is  simply  a 
form  provided  by  law. 
Its  conditions 
are  in  the  interests  of the  companies,  as 
well  as  the  policy  holders;  its  provi­
sions  laid  down  therein  are  a  two-edged 
sword  cutting  both  ways. 
If  the  provi­
sions  of  the  printed  part  of  the  policy 
that  applies  to  the  property  are  not 
strictly  and  literally  fulfilled  and  com­
plied  with  in  the  written  portions of  the 
form  or  riders  attached,  the  law,  which 
is  the  printed  part  of  the  policy,  says 
that  the  policy  is  null  and  void.  How­
ever  slight  the  discrepancies  may  be, 
the  policies  become  as  worthless  as  a 
blank  piece  of  paper so  far as  a  legal 
and  binding  contract  goes.

is  sought  for  by 

In  these  times  much 

This  company  also  reports  on  the 
standing  of  the  companies.  The  Insur­
ance  Department  of  the  State  can  only 
report  the  sworn  statements  and  results 
of  what  few  examinations  they  make  of 
companies  that  comply  with  the  law 
and  are  legally  admitted  to  do  business 
in­
in  the  State. 
surance 
insurers  in 
companies  that  are  not  properly  author­
ized  to  do  business  in  the  State.  Mer­
cantile  agencies  do  not  pretend  to  fully 
report  on  the  responsibility  of  insurance 
companies.  The  Policy  Holders’  Union 
makes  a  business  of  knowing,  as  nearly 
as  possible,  the  responsibility  of  every 
insurance  business. 
concern  doing  an 
They  keep  constantly 
in  touch  with 
them,  and  secure 
information  as  well 
regarding  the  experience  of  fire  suffer 
ers  throughout  the  entire  country.

The 

Policy  Holders'  Union 

is 
equipped  to  give  expert information and 
assistance  of  every  kind  relating  to 
in­
surance  for  the  benefit  of  its  subscribers 
and  for  the  adjustment  of  losses.

There  are  many  features  of  the  in­
surance business  to-day  that  are  unsatis­
factory  and  should,  and  could,  be  reme­
died  by  the  policy  holders  would  they 
but  unite 
in  their  efforts.  The  Policy 
Holders'  Union  takes  the  initiative  in 
such  subjects  and  undertakes,  in  the  in­
terests  of 
its  subscribers,  to  effect  the 
remedies.  Eventually  this  will  mate­
rially  reduce  the  cost of  insurance.

S p M is l  F e a tu re s  o f th e  G r o c e r y  an d  P ro d ­

Special Correspondence.

u ce  T rad es.

New  York,  Sept.  15—The  coffee  mar­
ket  is  weaker.  Speculators  have  been 
liquidating  this  week  and  are  probably 
glad  to  be  rid  of  their  holdings.  The 
legitimate  demand  has  been 
rather 
light,  both  from  roasters  and  jobbers, 
although,  of  course,  only  an  average  sort 
of  trade 
is  the  most  that  can  be  ex­
long 
pected,  so 
as  supplies  are  so 
large.  The 
inferior  grades  are  not  so 
plenty,  but  of  No.  7  there  is  more  than 
can  be  taken  care  of  and  nominally 
the  price 
In  store  and  afloat 
there  are  2 672,812  bags,  against  2,290,- 
631  bags  at  the  same  time  last  year.  As 
to  mild  sorts  there  are  different  reports

is  5He. 

as  to  the  supplies  we  are  likely  to  have 
in  the  near  future,  and  for this  reason 
the  market  has  been  rather  unstable, 
Good  Cucuta  closing  at  8^c.  Little  has 
been  done  other  than  an  everyday  trade 
in  East  India  sorts.

Until  within  the  past  two  or three 
days  it  seemed  as  though  buyers  had 
interest  in  sugar  and  would 
no  earthly 
take  only  enough  to  last  from  day  to 
day.  But  the  past  day  or  so  has  seen 
some 
improvement,  and  it  seems  prob­
able  that  some  change  of  mind  has 
taken  place  and  that  the  present  low 
prices  are  being  taken  advantage  of. 
Sales  are 
larger  and  there  are  more  of 
them.  List  prices  seem  to  be  firmly 
maintained,  although  a 
little  shading 
has  been  done  on  certain  soft  grades. 
Granulated  beet  from  the  Pacific  coast 
is  said  to  be  due  here  next  week.
The  tea  market  is  getting  into  better 
shape  every  week.  Goodness  knows 
there 
is  plenty  of  room  for  improve­
ment  and  even  at  the  present  rate it will 
take  a  good  while  before  the  situation 
can  be  called  very  satisfactory,  but  dur­
ing  the  week  some quite  good  lots  have 
changed  hands  at  full  rates  and  the  call 
is  not  confined  to  any  one  sort.  The 
quality  of  almost  all  tea  coming  is  such 
as  to  cause 
its  acceptance  by  the  in­
spectors,  none  being  thrown  out  Thurs­
day  from  656,000  pounds  examined.

Firmness  characterizes  the  rice  mar­
ket.  There  is  a  steady  trade  and  quota­
tions  are  as,  a  rule,  well  sustained,  with 
no  changes  since  last  report.

Nutmegs  and  mace  are  firm.  Pepper 
is  dull.  The  general  tone  of  the  mar­
ket  is  not  altogether satisfactory  and  yet 
matters  might  be  worse.  Prices  sbo'w 
little,  if  any,  change.

it 

The  National  Biscuit  Co.  are  bidding 
above  the  grocery  trade  for  molasses 
and  thus  securing  the  bulk  of  supplies, 
as  the  regular  trade  say  they  can  not 
afford  34@35c  for  open-kettle.  The  sit­
uation 
is  certainly  farm  and  holders 
show  no  anxiety  to  part  with  holdings, 
even  at  a  slight  advance.  Syrups  are 
steady, but the  volume  of  business  is  not 
large.

Canned  corn 

is  mighty  bard  to  find; 
and,  in  fact,  this 
is  quite  a  common 
complaint  as  regards  other goods,  too. 
Perhaps 
is  this  that  has  made  the 
week  a  comparatively  quiet  one  and 
caused  buyers  to  take  what  they  could 
get  and  not  complain.  Maryland  stand­
ard  tomatoes  are  rather  easier  and 
standard  goods  can  be  purchased  at 
about  87HC.  Heavy  arrivals  of  salmon 
have  caused  some  over-accumulation 
and  the  week  has  been  rather  dull. 
Prices,  however,  are  well  sustained,  and 
those  who  ought  to  know  think  that  at 
present  rates  salmon  will  prove  a  good 
purchase  later  on.

Dried  currants  are  steady. 

Prunes 
continue  in  active  request  for  the  larger 
sizes  and  40  50s  are  worth  7)4c  in  25 
and  50  pound  boxes. 
Apricots  and 
peaches  are  steady  and without practical 
chagne.  Figs and  dates  are  doing  fair­
ly  well,  but  at  the  moment the  latter  are 
in  rather  larger  supply  than needed and, 
as  another  cargo  will  soon  come,  there 
may  be  a  slight  shading  of  prices.

The  butter  market  is  strong  and  high­
er  fot  the  better  grades.  Arrivals  have 
been  light  and  the  demand  is  sufficient­
ly  active  to  take  care  of  all  arrivals 
immediately.  Best  Western  creamery  is 
quotable  at  26@26}£c;  seconds  to  firsts, 
2iH @ 25c;  imitation 
creamery,  I7H@ 
2 1c ;  factory, 
17 3 19 c ;  renovated,  17H 
@ 2IC.

Little,  if  any,  change  has  taken  place 
in  cheese  and  neither  buyer  nor seller 
has  shown  any  great  amount  of  interest. 
Prices  are  well  sustained,  but  buyers 
take  only  small  amounts.  Best  New 
York  State  full  cream  is  worth  I2 ^ c  for 
small  sizes,  with 
large  about  # c   less, 
although  the 
latter  are  rather  scarce; 
in  fact,  sales  have  been  made  fully  on  a 
par  with  the  price  of  small  sizes.

in  fact, 

There  seems  to  be  no “ top”  to the egg 
market  and  almost  “ any  old  price”   can 
be  obtained; 
fresh-gathered 
Western  almost  “ feel like  thirty  cents." 
Certainly  28328^0  is  not  far out of  the 
way  and  the  supply  is  not  nearly  equal 
to  the  demand.  For other grades,  loss 
off,  the  range  is  from  233270.

lEe  Policy  Holders

E X P E R T  

S E R V IC E

Union  —

FOR  IN SU R A N C E 

n c . 
T- T . - r „
B U Y E R S . 

g e n e r a l   o f f i c e s
M A N H A T T A N   B U IL D IN G

C H IC A G O

GEO.  H.  HOLT,  President 
W . B. JUDSO N,  Vice-Pres. 

H. C. H A L L,  Attorney 

GEO.  M.  E D D Y ,  Secretary
E .  G.  K E IT H ,  Treasurer 

HOLT, W H E E L E R  & SID L E Y ,  General Counsel.

D IREC TO RS

GEO.  H.  HOLT,  President Holt Lumber Co., Chicago and Oconto, Wis.
President American Lumber Co., West Superior, Wis.

W.  B. JUDSO N,  C h ic a g o ,  Manager  American  Lumberman.

G EO RG E  M.  ED D Y,  formerly Manager Western Reinsurance Bureau.

Superintendent Cook County,  Manchester Assurance  Co. 
Special Agent Pennsylvania Fire  Insurance  Co.

E.  G.  K EIT H ,  C h ic a g o ,  President The Chicago Title and Trust Co.
II.  C .  H A L L,  C h ic a g o ,  Attorney,  Insurance  Law.

Lecturer, Northwestern University Law School.

C H A R LE S  S.  HOLT,  C h ic a g o ,  Holt,  Wheeler  &   Sidley,

Attorneys and Counselors.

LOUIS  A .  S E E B E R G E R ,  C h ic a g o ,  Real  Estate.

IR A   L.  P A R K E R ,  C h ic a g o ,  Manager  Manhattan  Building.

ATH ERTO N  &   H EA TH

General  Agent»s  for  W estern   Michigan 

SPA R T A ,  MICH.

^

^ B

The  poor  benighted  Hindoo,
He does the best he kindo;
He sticks to his caste 
F  rom first to last,
And for pants makes his skindo. 

This  fellow  is  not  inter- 
ested  in  Fur  Coats,  hut 
trust  you  are.  Write 
us  for prices or, better still,
let  us send  you  a  sample. 

L a rg est L ine o f  
F U R   C O A T S

in th e S tate 

A

BR O W N   &   SE H L E R
GRAND  RAPIDS,  MICHIGAN

For a roofing  to replace  shingles use

H. M. R. Brand 
Asphalt Torpedo Gravel

as applied to both  steep and flat surfaces.

See local hardware or lumber dealers or write  us.
H.  M.  Reynolds  Roofing  Co.,  Grand  Rapids,  Mich.

The NATIONAL 
CITY BANK
I 
I  
I  

GRAND  RAPIDS

MICHIGAN  ^  ^

1 | 

CAPITAL  AND  SURPLUS,  $600,000.00

COMMERCIAL  AND

B 
B 
B 
B  CERTIFICATES  AND  SAVINGS  DEPOSITS.
B 
B 

FOREIGN  DRAFTS  ISSUED

IN TEREST  PAID  ON

OR  CASHED.

SAVINGS DEPARTM ENTS.

S  

CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED.

Mr.  Grocer

You will  find the quickest sales and  largest  profits in

Tryabita  Food

The  only ready-to-eat wheat flake cereal food  that  is 
impregnated with  PEPSIN  and  C E L E R Y .  We  are 
also the only cereal food company that  employs  only 
union labor.  Union  men know this.  Have  you  seen 
our  catchy  advertisements  in  the  daily  papers  all 
over  the  country  advertising  Tryabita  Food  and 
Tryabita  Hulled Com?

TRYABITA FOOD CO.,  Ltd.,  Battle Creek, Mich.

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

1 1

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i| i >| i »0» 

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Covers everything that can be used  in the home.

Our  Line  of

Holiday  Goods

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Grand Rapids Fixtures 6o.

Write for  our catalogue at once.  W r i t e   t o -d a y . 
If  possible  come 
in and see our line in  person as  we want you to  investigate and know 
for yourself that the advantages of trading here are tangible and real.

are resplendent  in the beauty and arrangement of samples, which are 
so carefully placed as to enable you to make  your purchases  quickly 
and intelligently.

H.  Leonard  &  Sons,  Grand  Rapids

offers you  the  widest  choice.  Our  kind  of  buying  gives  you  the 

saves you money.  Talk  is cheap, but if  you will  “look  into  things" 

Our Catalogue

you will see that we
Save You  Money

Our  Large Collection

lowest price.

Our Salesrooms

Our  New  Catalogue  shows  ten  other  styles  of  Cigar  Cases  at  prices  to  suit  any

N o.  6 4   C igar  Case.  A lso   m ad e  w ith   M etal  Leg«,

C o rn er  B a r tlett  and  S outh  Ionia  S tr eets.  Grand  R apids.  M ich.

pocketbook.

Crocker-Wheeler  Machinery

Sawyer-Han  Lamps  f§

9  South  Division  Street.

GRAND  RAPIDS,  MICHIGAN

Wholesale  Supply  Dealers

Telephones

Im

I S

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

SE E K   TO  PL E A SE .

C ourtesy  o f  P a r ticu la r V alu e in  th e  R eta il 

Store.

Courtesy—not  mere  politeness,  but 
that  habit  of  mind  which  causes  a  man 
to  put  himself 
in  the  other  fellow’s 
place  and  give  bis  ideas  and  feelings 
consideration—is  an 
attribute  well 
worthy  of  cultivation  by  a  young  busi­
ness  man. 
In  this  age,  when  the  old- 
fashioned  deference  to  our elders  is  re­
placed  by  the  encouraged  self-assertion 
of  the  young  people  for  whom  we 
live, 
we  are  more  simple  and  direct  in  our 
thought  and  speech,  and  manners  more 
clearly  show  forth  the man.  It is,  there­
fore,  all  the  more  necessary  that  the 
man  should  have  social  qualities  worthy 
of  exhibition  and  that  he  should  culti­
vate  a  kindliness 
sincerity  of 
thought  that  will  find  fitting  expression 
in  a  straightforward,  frank  and  manly 
bearing.

and 

in  contact  with  bis  fellows. 

The  habit  of  courtesy  is  of  commer­
cial  value  wherever  in  business  a  man 
comes 
It 
is  the  pleasant  man,  the  fair  man,  the 
man  whose  manner  betokens  a  self- 
respect  and  an  appreciation  of  the  de­
sires  of  others,  who 
is  remembered, 
spoken  well  of  and  sought  again.  Many 
a  transaction  has  been  brought  to  a  suc­
cessful  issue  by  the  exercise  of  a  tactful 
courtesy  which,  without  it,  could  never 
have  been  consummated.  Many  a  law­
suit  has  been  caused  by  the  want  of  i t ; 
friends  made  enemies  and  business 
ruined,  all  because  on  one  side  or the 
other  there  was  someone  without  this 
saving  grace.
Particularly 

is  courtesy  of  value  in  a 
retail  store.  Listen  to  a  woman  talking 
of  her shopping  and  you  will  find  that 
the  service  given  in  the  different  stores 
is  in  her eyes  of  equal  importance  with 
the  quality  and  the  price  of  the  goods. 
It 
is  the  nice  girl  in  the  china  store  to 
whom  she  recommends  her friends.  The 
linen  clerk  who knows the latest wrinkles 
in  napery  gets  her  trade. 
The  dry 
goods  clerk  who  assists  her  in  her  little 
economies  sells  her  all  she  buys  in  his 
line,  and 
the  furniture  man  who  gave 
her a  private  view  of  a  rare  rug and dis­
cussed  furnishings  with  her  when  he 
knew  she  did  not  care  to  buy  will  be 
given  the  order  for  the  new  chamber 
suite  when  it  is  bought.  Think  over  the 
stores  where  you  do  your own  trading 
and  analyze  the  reasons 
for  buying 
there,  and you  will  find  that  you  are  in­
fluenced  by  much  the  same  motives  and 
that  the  personal  element  cuts  a  large 
figure  in  your  purchases.

It  is  not  only  the  customer who  places 
a  proper  value  upon  courtesy.  Every 
merchant  weighs carefully and anxiously 
the  qualities  of  his  employes  and, 
among  the  time-servers  whom  he  must 
regard  as  a  poor  investment,  the  courte­
ous,  attentive,  diligent  man  shines  forth 
a jewel.  Go into a store  and  tell  the  pro­
prietor  what  you  want  and  see  him  turn 
to  his  clerks  and  after  studying  them  a 
moment  select  one  to  wait  upon  you. 
Every  time  that  he  does  this  his  clerks 
are  mentally  weighed 
in  the  balance 
and  it  is  the  man  with business  tact  and 
ability,  careful  of  your  wishes  and  his 
interest to whom he entrusts  his  best  cus­
tomers  and  most  profitable  trade  and 
upon  whom  his  eye  rests  with  the liveli­
est  satisfaction. 
is 
safe  to  show  favor and  if  the  work given 
to  him is  harder  than  to  his  fellows  it  is 
but  an  indication  of  his employer’s  con­
fidence 
in  his  ability  which  sooner or 
later  will  find  a  satisfactory  expression. 
How  many,  many  of  the  junior  mem­
bers  of  large  firms  have  made  headway

It  is  he  to  whom  it 

simply  because  by  their  courteous  treat­
ment  of  customers  they  made  them­
selves  so  well  and  favorably  known  as 
to  be  indispensable.

I  think  there  must  be  in  the  hereafter 
a  special  place  of  punishment  for  the 
careless,  heedless, 
indifferent,  selfish 
employes  of  men  who  have  had  to  de­
pend  upon  their assistants  for  success. 
What  plans  have  failed  through  their 
poor  service!  What  projects  were  never 
attempted  because  of  the  knowledge 
that  the  man  who  would  do  the  work 
could  not  be  depended  upon!  What 
waste 
is  daily  going  on  all  over the 
country  because  the  employes  do  not 
feel  and  act  in  accord  with  the  employ­
er’s  interests.

In  every  walk of life, “ doctor,  lawyer, 
merchant,  chief,  rich  man,  poor  man, 
beggar  man’ ’  and  all  the  rest,  this  trait 
of  courtesy—seeking  to  please  others— 
leads  to  better  things.  With  it  a  man 
is  able  to  show  bis  ability  to  the  best 
advantage.  Without 
it,  be  is  as  one 
who  sits  in  his  own  light-and  his  good 
qualities  are  imperfectly  seen.

It  is  the  outward  expression  of  an  in­
ner  quality  well  worthy  of  careful  cul­
tivation.

Im p o r ta n c e  o f K e ep in g  F u lly  In su r e d .
Every  day  we  read  of  fire  losses  in  re­
tail  and  wholesale  establishments,  and 
after  the  amount  of  the  loss  is  given  the 
phrase,  “ Partially insured, ”  or  “ No  in­
surance,”   generally  follows,for  it  is  the 
exception  rather  than  the  rule  to  learn 
of  a  fire  loss  wholly  covered  by  insur­
ance.

The  merchant  who  neglects to  secure 
sufficient  insurance  On  his  stock  of  mer­
chandise  and  fixtures  to  indemnify  not 
only  his  creditors,  in case  of a  total loss, 
but also  to  cover  his  own 
investment, 
is  neglecting  the  most  important  safe­
guard  of  his  business.

in 

The  fire  hazard 

is  always  present. 
a  merchant  says  to  himself: 
Many 
“ Why  should  I  carry  insurance?  I  light 
my  store  by  electricity.  No  fire  can 
originate  there.  My  furnace 
is  cold 
for  eight  months 
the  year.  There 
are  no  exposed  lights  in  any  part  of  my 
establishment.  Insurance  companies  are 
a  band  of  robbers,  anyway.  I  guess  I 
will  save  the  money.”
Insurance  experts 

claim  that  the 
electrical  hazard  is  one  of  the  worst,  if 
not  the  very  worst  that  they  have to con­
tend  with. 
Imperfect  insulation,  faulty 
systems  of  wiring  and  high-tension  cur­
rents  are  continually  causing  fires  of 
the  most  serious  character.  The  very 
fact  that  a store is illuminated by electri­
city  is  absolutely  no  guaranrtee  against 
the  possibility  of  a  fire  from  that  cause.
So  much  faulty  electrical  construction 
has  been  done  in  the  last  decade  and 
the methods  of  insulation and  protection 
used  have  been  so  insufficient and  crude 
that  numberless  fires  have  been  directly 
traceable  to  these  causes, and the respon­
sibility  rests  at  the  doors  of  electrical 
contractors,  merchants  and  property

owners  who  employ  the 
lowest-price 
man  or one  ignorant  of  the  true  princi­
ples  of  wiring  and  insulation  when 
in­
stalling  electric  lights.

increase  the 

Furnaces  or  heating  apparatus  that 
are  out  of  use  for  eight  months  in  the 
year  really 
fire  hazard. 
Flues  become  clogged,  the  heaters,  boil­
ers  and  their  attachments  deteriorate  by 
for  so  long  a 
reason  of  being  unused 
period,  and  unless  periodical 
inspec­
tions  and  repairs  are  made  there  is  nc 
telling  where  some  break  may  develop 
which  instantly  produces  the  possibility 
of a  fire.

It  is  also  important  that  the  exposures 
and  conditions  surrounding  the  adjoin­
ing  property  be considered.  A merchant 
may  have  a  well-protected  establish­
ment,  fairly  protected  with  the  ordinary 
safeguards,  yet  the  establishment  ad­
joining  may  be  a  very  tinder  box  of  de­
struction,  and  should  a  fire  break  out  in 
his  neighbor’s  store  nothing  under  the 
sun  could  save  bis  own  from  complete 
destruction.
Is  the  local  fire  department  efficient, 
or  has  it  been  found  sadly  wanting 
whenever  its  services  were most needed? 
There  is  more  than  one  fire  department 
that  is  a  sham  and  a  hollow  mockery, 
having  absolutely  no  claim  for  recogni­
tion  as  fire  protection,  and  going  little 
further than  to present  a  glittering  spec­
tacle  of  red  paint  and  brilliant  uni­
forms.  All  these  and  other  things  have 
a  bearing  on  this  subject  and  the  credit 
men  of  the  best  wholesale  and  manu­
facturing  establishments  are 
insisting 
that  adequate 
insurance  be  shown  as 
one  of  the  requirements  for  obtaining 
credit.

It  is  false  economy  to  under  insure. 
No  merchant  who  has  ever  been  through 
a  fire  with  an  insufficient  amount  of  in­
surance  to  cover  his  loss  needs  to  be 
told  this.  And  as  no  one  knows  when 
his  turn  is  to come  the  time  to  lock  the 
door  is  before  the  horse  is  stolen.—Shoe 
Retailer.

All parties interested in

Autom obiles

are requested to write us.

We are territorial agents for the Oldsmo- 
bile, Knox, Wmton and  White; also have 
some good bargains in second-hand autos.

Adams & Hart,

■ 2 W. Bridge St. 

Grand Rapids

Get  our  prices  and  try 
our  work  when you need
Rubber  and 
Steel  Stamps 

Seals,  etc.

Send  for  Catalogue  and  see  what 

we offer.

Detroit  Rubber  Stamp  Co.

99 Griswold St. 

Detroit, Micb.

m

The best plastering material in the world.  Fire proof, wind proof, water 
Is not injured by freezing.  No  glue,  no  acid.  Ready  for immedi­

proof. 
ate  use by adding water.

GYPSUM  PRODUCTS  MFG.  CO.

Manufacturer and Dealer in Calcined Piaster, Land Plaster, Bug  Compound, Etc.

Mill and Warehouse, 200 S. Front St.  Office, Room 20, Powers’ Opera House Blk.

GRAND  RAPIDS,  MICH.

An enterprising agent wanted in every town.  Write for circular with reference.

Light  15 Cents a  Month

For Stores,  Homes, Churches,  Halls,  Streets,  Etc., with our

BRILLIAN T

Or 30 cents a month per light with our
H A LO   G A SO L IN E   L A M P S

A  15-foot  room can be lighted by one Brilliant or a  40-foot  hall  by  one 

Halo Lamp.  Every lamp guaranteed.  Write for catalogue.  Agents  wanted.

B R IL L IA N T   G A S   L A M P   C O ., 

S t a t e   S t r e e t,  C h ica g o

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

13

Fire Arms

W e  have the  largest stock of 
Shot  Guns,  Rifles  and  Am­
munition  in  this  State.  This 
time of  year  is  the  retailer’s 
harvest on sportsmen’s goods. 
Send us  your  order  or  drop 
us  a postal  and  we will  have 
a traveler call  and show you.

Foster, Stevens & Co.

Grand Rapids, Mich.

Do  Not Wait

for cold weather, 
but commence  now to

Save  $ $ $ $ $

by attaching

»TT

Burton’s Fuel Economizer

to your stovepipe.

If you are a dealer you should sell  it.
If you are a fuel  consumer you must have  it.

Price:  Wood’s Smooth  Iron, crated,  $3.75.

Our “ Money  Refund”  Guarantee  Convinces  Everybody

If you wish to save fuel at once, order now.

If you wish further  information write  for  cata-

. 

logue J and testimonials.

■ i l

The

Fuel  Economizer

Com pany

160  West  Larned  St.,  Detroit,  Mich.

III  1

mfl IRJ KS|i!!  m

Buckeye  Paint  &  Varnish  Co.

Paint,  Color  and  Varnish Makers

Mixed  Paint,  White  Lead,  Shingle  Stains,  Wood  Fillers 

Sole  Manufacturers CRYSTAL-ROCK  FINISH  for Interior and  Exterior Use. 

Corner  15th and  Lucas Streets, Toledo,  Ohio. 

CLARK-RUTKA-WEAVER CO.,  Wholesale  Agents for  Western Michigan

For  Delicious  Coast

PAT«  1897

Che Fairgrieve Patent
Gas Coaster

Retails at 25c

It is not new to the trade as  it  has  been  on  the 
narket several years, but it may  be  a  new  article 
o you and it deserves your  attention.
It saves time by toasting evenly  and  quickly  on 
gas, gasoline or blue flame oil  stoves directly over the flame and is ready  for  use  as  soon  as 
It saves fuel by confining the heat in such a manner that all  the  heat 
as placed on the flame. 
developed is used. 
It is the only toaster designed for use over  flame which  leaves  the  toast 
free from objectionable taste or odor.  Made of the best  material,  rivited  joints.  No  solder; 
will wear longer than the old fashioned wire toaster with much better results.  Ask the jobbers.

289 3cffcrson Jive., 

Fairgrieve Coaster IHfg. Co* 

f
Detroit, IHicbiflanJf

“Sure Catch” Minnow Trap

Length,  19%  inches.  Diameter,  9%  inches.

Made from heavy, galvanized wire cloth,  with  all  edges  well  protected.  Can  be 
taken apart at the middle in a moment  and  nested  for  convenience  in  carrying. 
Packed one-quarter dozen  in a case.

Retails at $1.25  each.  Liberal discount to the trade.
Our line of Fishing Tackle is complete in every particular.
Mail  orders solicited and satisfaction  guaranteed.

MILES  HARDWARE  CO.

113 - 1 1 5   MONROE  ST . 

GRAND  RAPIDS,  MICH.

B A K E R S ’
O V E N S

All  sizes  to  suit  the 
needs  of  any  grocer.
Do your own  baking 
and  make the  double 
profit.

Hubbard Portable

Oven  Co.

182  BELDEN  A VE NUE .   CHICAGO

You  Bookkeeper

When you  “  take stock,”   when you  figure  up 
your year’s business,  we  have  two  new  blanks 
which  will  help  you 
Send  NOW  for  sam­
ples of our  “ Inventory  Blanks”   and  our “ Bal-
ance  Sheet.”

Barlow  Bros.

Grand  Rapids,  Michigan

14

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

____ Clothing

R eady-M ade  S tyles.

Retail  and  wholesale  manufacturing 
clothiers  say  that  the  merchant  tailor 
has  no  better  facilities  than  the  maker 
of  ready-to-wear clothing  for getting 
in 
touch  with  the  styles.  Both are creatures 
of  circumstance,  and  must  depend  upon 
the  fashion  plates 
issued  season  after 
season.  The  merchant  tailor  is  made 
light  of  by  the  ready-made  trade.  Cut­
ters  who  have  been  taken  out  of  the 
best  merchant  tailoring  establishments 
in  New  York  City  and  placed  in  ready­
made  cutting  rooms  are  referred  to  as 
notable  failures.  Speaking  of  such 
in­
stances,  the  bead  of  one  of  the  largest 
retail  clothing  manufacturing  establish­
ments  on  Broadway  said:  "One  of  the 
most  recent  experiences  I  know  of  out­
side  of  my  own  cutting  department,  and 
we  have  had  several  just  like  it,  is  that 
of  a  high-class  cutter  who  came  from  a 
Fifth  avenue  merchant  tailor  to  act  as 
chief  of  the  cutting  department  of  one 
of  the  foremost  retail  manufacturing 
houses 
the  city,  a  bouse,  as  is 
known,that is distinguished  for  its  high- 
class  trade, to  take  the  place  of a  gentle­
man  who  left  to  assume  charge  of  a  new 
Broadway  house  soon  to  be  opened. 
What  was  the  result?  For  months after­
ward  vests  and  coats  came  back  to  that 
establishment  with  the  complaint 
that 
they  did  not  fit.  Of  course,  he  has  since 
improved,  but  see  what  it  has  cost  that 
house  for  the  experiment.”

in 

‘ ‘ To  make  a  success  here, ”   said  the 
chief  of  a  large  manufacturing  depart­
ment,  ‘ ‘ a  designer must  be  able  to  carry 
out  our ideas.  We take the  fashion plates 
and  adapt  our  clothing  to  conform  to 
the  verv  best  of  vogues  for  the  season.  |

The  designer  who  can  meet  our  idea, 
adapt  them  and  bring  them  out  is  the 
right  man  in  the  right  place.”

‘ ‘ It  is  seldom  the  designer  or  cutter 
in 
the  merchant  tailoring  establish­
ment,  but  the  clothier,  who  shapes  the 
garment, ”  said another authority. "M er­
chant  tailors  do  not  create styles.  They 
bring  out  freak  ideas  to  suit  the  desires 
of 
individual  customers,  but  such  are 
not  standards  of  fashion.  Let  the  man­
ufacturer  introduce  freaks  into the  thou­
sand  and  one  suits  he  makes  up  for  a 
season,  and  he  could  not  realize  fifty 
cents  on  the  dollar  for  bis  stock.  We 
must  conform  to  the  standards  of  fash­
ion.  Styles  are  not  revolutionized  in  a 
month,  nor  departed  from  within  a 
month  after  the  inception  of  a  season.”

A sso rted   “G olden  R u les.”

The  true  rule  in  business  is  to  guard 
and  do  by  the  things  of  others  as  they 
do  by  their own.—Hindoo.

He  sought  for  others  the  good  be  de­
sired  for  himself.  Let  him  pass  on.— 
Egyptian.

Do  as  you  would  be  done  by.—Per­

sian.

One  should  seek  for  others  the  happi­
ness one  desires  for  oneself.—Buddhist.
What  you  would  not  wish  done  to 
yourself  do  not  unto  others.—Chinese.

Let  none  of  you  treat  his  brother  in  a 
way  he  himself  would  dislike  to  be 
treated.—Mohammedanism.
Do  not  that  to  a  neighbor  which  you 

would  take  ill  from  him.—Grecian.

imprinted  on  the  hearts  of 
is  to  love  the  members  of  so­

all  men 
ciety  as  themselves.—Roman.

The 

law 

D eg en era tio n .

"H er  father  gave  her a  $10,000  wed­

ding,  I  believe. ”

"Y e s.  But  the  family  has  gone  down 
hill  very  rapidly  during' the  past  two  or 
three  years.  She  was  satisfied  with  a 
S150 divorce. ”

iSáJ .M 
BUY  TH E

J

G E N U IN E  GOLD  S E A L  

L E A T H E R   T O P

L I N C O L N

WE  C A R R Y

NEW YORK

¡A FOUR  C O M P L E T E   LIN E S

O F  R U B BER   S H O E S .

N EW  YOKK

S E N D   FO R   C A T A L O G U E .

9
1

G o o d y e a r   R u b b e r   C o . M ILW A U K EE,

WIS.

sr

T h e  U se  o f C h eesecloth   in   W in d ow s.
Use  of  cheesecloth  in  window  trim­
ming 
is  considered  out  of  style  by the 
best  window  trimmers.  A  window  dis­
play  without  this  material  was consid­
ered  impossible  at one  time,  but  to-day 
the  familiar cloth  of  a  few  years  ago  is 
almost  a  novelty.  Window  backgrounds 
to-day  are  of  plate  glass,  wood,  or  plush 
draped  artistically.  The  tendency,  in 
fact, 
is  to  abandon  the  cloth  back­
grounds  entirely  and  to  use  the  glass  or 
wood.

trimmings. 

It  is  well  to  abandon  the  cheesecloth 
for  the  more  modern 
If, 
however,  the  cheesecloth  is to  be  used, 
the  puffing  itself  is  very  simple.  The 
preliminaries,  perhaps,  are  more  of  a 
puzzle.  One  of  the  best  ways  to  use  the 
cloth  as  a  background 
is  to  build  the 
figures  on  a  movable  framework.  This 
may  be  used  several  times  without  tear­
ing  down  each  time.

This  framework  may  be  shaped  of 
lath  or  any  light  wood  to  fit  the  back  of 
the  window 
Strips  of  wood  should  be 
nailed  across  the  framework  at  intervals 
to  form  the  foundation  for  the  puffing 
process.  These  strips  should  be,  say,  a 
foot  apart.  Upon  this  skeleton  the  cloth 
should  be  laid. 
I  use  pins  to  tack  the 
cloth  to  the  framework,  driving  them  in 
far  enough  to  hold  the  cloth  and  then 
bending them over.  The  puffs  are  easily 
made.  Each puff is simply  an  extra  full­
ness  of  the  cloth,  not  too  full  or  it  will 
hang,  not  puff.  Any  trimmer,  if  he  does 
not  understand  the  details  of  puffing, 
should  have  no  trouble  in  learning  it 
from  a  dressmaker. 
If  he  be  married, 
the  recourse  is to  his  wife.

The  framework  may  be  varied  to  suit 
the  pleasure  of  the  window  dresser.  A 
circular  background,  in  which  different 
colors  are  shown,  makes  a  very  pretty

effect.  The  combinations  that  can  be 
used  are  many.

Now  as  to colors.  The  merchant  must 
rely  on  his  judgment  in  a  matter of  that 
sort.  But  care  must  be  used  in  select­
ing  the  colors.  They  should  be  either 
harmonizing  or  contrasting  tints  that 
will  not  offend  the  eye.  Green  and 
gold  make  good  backgrounds  for  fall. 
There  should  be  more  green  than  gold 
in  such  a  display.

Green  and  fawn  are  seldom  used  to­
gether,  but  make  a  very  pretty  effect. 
The  fawn  should  be  most  in  evidence, 
the  green  used  to  lighten  the  effect. 
In 
the  circular  background  just  mentioned, 
a  wide  circle  of  fawn,  alternating  with 
a  narrow  circle  of  green,  makes  a  very 
tasteful  arrangement.

----- ♦  » ♦ ------

T h e  W orst  Yet.

" I s   this  the  best  wurst  you  can  send 
m e?"  asked  the  lady  who  walked 
into 
the  meat  store  with  a  package  of  that 
edible  in  her  hand.

"M adam ,"  answered  the  meat  man, 
"W ell,  it  is  the  worst  wurst  I  ever 

" it   the  best  wurst  we  have."
saw."

" I   am  sorry  to  hear  that.  The  best  I 
can  do  is  to  try  to  send  you  some  better 
wurst  from  to-day's  lot,  but,  as  I  said, 
that  was  the  best  wurst we  have  at  pres­
ent. 
I  am  sure,  however,  that  the  wurst 
we  are  now  making  will  not  be  any 
worse  than  this,  and  it  ought  to  be  bet­
ter. 
I  assure  you  that  as  soon  as  I  get 
the  wurst  you  shall  have  the  best  of 
it. 
We  never  gave  anyone  the  worst  of  it 
so 
long  as  we  have  been  in  the  wurst 
business,  and  you  may  be  sure  that 
when  we  give  you  your  wurst  it  will  be 
the  best,  for  our  worst  wurst  is  better 
wurst  than  the  best  wurst  of  our  com­
petitors. ”

But  the  lady,  whose  eyes  had  taken 
on  a  stare  of  glassiness,  was  seen  to 
throw  up  her  hands  and  flee  from  the 
place,  for  she  was  afraid  the  worst  was 
yet  to  come.

W E T   W E A T H E R

I
g .I

§

£

£ .

C L O T H IN G   I
f t
S r
I

IN

C R A V E N E T T E S  
M A C K IN TO SH ES  
RUBBER  S U R FA C E

A ND

O ILED   C LO TH IN G

L A T E S T   S T Y L E S . 

B E S T   G O O D S . 

R EA S O N AB LE  P R IC E S .

%
£
£
¡I
w .  w .  w a l l i s .  M anager.  »
m
f t

S E N D   FO R   C A T A L O G U E .

Ellsworth  &  Thayer  M’n’f’g  Co.

Milwaukee, Wls.

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

15

Fool 
and  his 
Money 

are 
soon 
Parted

m

mn,

The wise wear 

V IN E B E R G ’S  PA TEN T 

PO CKET  PANTS, 

the only pants in  the  world  fitted 
with a safety  pocket;  nothing  can 
drop  out  and  are  proof  against 
pickpockets.  Manufactured by
V ineberg’s  Patent 
Pocket Pants Co.

m m  mm

';■£ irti » ii SiÉ

Detroit,  Mich.

t a a a a a a a a  4 A A A A A A A 4 4 4 4 A 4 4 A 4 A 4 4 4 4 4 A 4 A 4 4 A A 4 4 4 A 4 4 4 4 4 4 A , . ,  4 
f W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W w W W W

Special  Sale
Kolb &  Son  of  Rochester

Of the entire  stock  of the old  reliable wholesale clothiers,

(now retiring from business)

The stock has been  purchased  in bulk  by  The William  Connor 
Co.  and  will  be disposed  of  at a great sacrifice to the retail trade.

The William Connor Co.

Wholesale Clothiers

28-30 South Ionia Street, Grand Rapids, nich.

1

THE  PAN  A M E R IC A N  
GUARANTEED CLOTHING

Lot 125 Apron Overall

$7.50  per doz.

Lot  275  Overall  Coat

$7.75  per  doz.
Made 
from  240  w o v e n  
stripe,  double cable,  indigo 
blue cotton cheviot, stitched 
in  white with  ring  buttons.

Lot 124 Apron Overall

$5.00  per  doz.

Lot  274  Overall  Coat

$5.50  per  doz.

Made  from 250 Otis woven 
stripe,  indigo blue suitings, 
stitched  in  white.

We  use  no  extract  goods 
as they are tender  and will 
not wear.

Manufacturers of 

Great  Western  Fur and  Fur Lined  Cloth  Coats 

The Good-Fit, Don’t-Blp Kind.

We want  agent  In  every  town.  Catalogue  and 

full particulars on application.

B. B-  DOWNARD, General Salesman.

A  Safe Place 
fo r your m one\ >
No matter where you live 
you can  keep  your  money 
safe in our  bank,  and  you 
can  g e t it 
immediately  a n d   easily 
when you want to use it.
Any person living with­
in  the  reach  of  a  Post 
Office  or  Express  Office 
can deposit  money  with 
us without risk or trouble.
Our  financial  responsi­

bility is

, 9 6 0 , 0 0 0

s i
There  is  no  safer  bank  & 

than ours.  Money intrust-  ft  ( 
ed to us is absolutely secure f j /V 
and draws 
*  *

3 c/o  in tere s t
Your dealings with us are 
perfectly  confidential.
" ,B a n k in g  b y  M a il• •
is the name of an  interest­
ing book we publish which 
tells  how  anyone  can  do 
their  banking  with  us  by 
mail; how to send money or 
make deposits by  mail; 
and  important  things 
persons  should  know 
who want to keep their 
money  safe  and  well 
invested. 
It  will  be 
sent free upon request.
Old N ational 

Bank,

ftro — fi  OaoM*,  Milch.

POSTAL SCALE $1.00

Tells at a glance  postage  in  cents 
on all mail matter.  Capacity,  1  lb. 
by half  ounces.  3  in.  high.  Cuts 
down the  stamp  bill.  Useful  and 
attractive present.  We make  sev­
eral  styles  from  $1  in  nickel,  as 
hown, up to $6 in sterling.  If deal­
er doesn’t sell it, we prepay  on  re­
ceipt of  price.  Catalogue  P.  free.

Pelouu  Scale  &  Mfg.  Co.,  Chicago

16

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

M A D E  M ILLIO N S.

In v e n to r  o f th e   Shoe  H o o k   D y in g   In  th e  

P o o rh o n se.

Every  man  who  has  ever  seen  an  ex* 
asperated  woman 
trying  to  poke  a 
raveled  shoe  lace  through  the  eyelets  in 
her shoes  has  certainly  felt  a  keen  de­
light  as  be  caught  up  his  own  shoe
laces,  both  together,  and  twined  them 
about  the  shoe  books 
‘ ‘ that  are  made 
for  men. ”

The  owner  of  the  patent  of  the  shoe 
hook  made  more  than  a  million  dollars 
by  its  application.  The  inventor  of  that 
shoe  book  is  in  the  county  almshouse  at 
San  Francisco.  H.  A.  Ship 
is  his 
name.  He  was  born  in  London  seventy- 
two  years  ago,  and  yet,  with  the  hard 
life  he  has  lived  and  the  great  humility 
he  has  undergone,  so  clear  is  bis  brain, 
and  so  masterful  his  knowledge  of  me­
chanical  arts,  that  if  be  were  to  receive 
aid  now 
it  would  cause  no  wonder 
among  those  who  know  him  were  he 
still  to  rise  to  a  place  of  prominence. 
For  the  name  which this  man  will  leave 
rests  by  no  means  upon  the  hooking  of 
a  shoe.  That  he  despises,  describing 
it  as  a  labor-saving  “ trick.”   He  has 
worked  in  the  field  of  explosive 
inven­
tions,  has  patented  appliances  for the 
manufacture  of  a  finer grade  of silk than 
is  now  obtained,  and  when  he  took  up 
what may  be  his last dwelling  house  this 
side  the mound,  he laid  away  his models 
for  a  submarine  fleet  with  which  he 
expected  to  accomplish 
in  naval  war­
fare  what  so  many  inventors  have  tried 
and  failed  to achieve.  All that he needed 
was  a  manager  and,  lacking  this,be  has 
gone  to  his  present  home.

The  wonder  is  not  that an  inventor  is 
in  the  poorhouse  (it  must  be  confessed 
that  we  send  many  of  our  best  men 
there),  but  that  the  inventor  of  so  sim­
ple  a  money-making  appliance  should 
be  in  such  a  place.  As  a  rule.it  is  the 
shrewd  man  who  invents  a  buckle  or  a 
belt  or  a  clasp  for  your  lead pencil;  and 
it  is  the  shrewd  man  that  acquires  the 
fortune.  The man who  invented  a  mod­
ern  suspender  buckle 
is  a  millionaire, 
how  many  times  over  nobody  knows. 
Dun  rates  him  Aa,  which  means  a 
million  or  more.  The man  who  invented 
the  pencil  clasp  has  a  residence 
in 
Newport.  But  Ship  invented  the  shoe 
hook  and—missed.

But  one  only  needs  ask  him  about  it 

to  see  just  why  he  missed.
“ Tell  me  about  that 

invention  of 
yours,  Mr.  Ship,”   you  say,  “ for  lacing 
the  shoes  without  eyelets.”

“ Oh,  that  was  a  long  time  ago,”   he 

answers.

“ But  don’t you know, "yo u   say,  “ that 
the  man  who  got  that  made  over a  mil­
lion  on  it?”

“ Yes,  I know, ”   he  replies,“   and  all I 
If 
received  was two  hundred  and  fifty. 
I  had  only  known,”   be  adds,  “ I  might 
have  got  money  enough  to  work  out 
those  other  models.”   And  there  is  the 
secret  of  bis  whole  story:  it  has  never 
occurred  to  this  man  in  all  bis  life  that 
it  might  be  a  good 
thing  to  make 
money.  Like  our  great  naturalist  he 
had  no  time  to  make  money.”   The 
inventor  drifts  away  into  a  plan  for  this 
device  or  that time-saving  method,  and 
it  is  with  difficulty  that  we  get  him 
back  to  the  shoe  hook.

“ But  how  did  you  come to invent  that 

hook?”   he  is  asked.

“ Why,”   he  replies,  and  a  twinkle 
comes  into  his  eye,  “ at  that  time,  of 
course,  we  had  eyeholes  in  our  shoes  to 
poke  the 
laces  through,  but—well,  we 
it,  we  didn’t  have  time,  so
never  did 

while  there  he  invented  a  bomb  to  keep 
the  whales  from  escaping  under the  ice. 
His  bomb  was  a  success—so  much  so 
that  it  blew  off  his  left  arm.  Later-he 
engaged  in  business  in  one  of  the  East­
ern  States. 
It  was the  manufacture  of 
shoe  blacking,  and  while  at  this  he 
produced  “ the  shoe  hook” —the  one 
great  chance  that  he  had  and  missed. 
Later  still  be entered  the  silk  business, 
and  here  his  patents  for the manufacture 
of  silk  were  numerous  and  he  ac­
quired 
some  money  from  them.  At 
length,  old  and  sick,  he  drifted  to  San 
Francisco,  where 
first  be  became  a 
church  sexton  and  later  a  “ guest”   at 
the  bounty  of  a  family  who  kept  him 
with  them  as  long  as  they  could.  Now 
the  county  has  claimed  its  own,  and, 
like  many  another  genius  who  has  done 
so  much  for  the  state, at  last  he  is  cared 
for—by the  state.

G eneral S e llin g  A g en t o f th e B an igan  L ine.

most  of  the  time  we drew the laces tight, 
tied  them  about  our ankles  and  let the 
old  shoes  go  unlaced.  Then there was a 
young  fellow 
joined  us  (I  was  running 
a  small  shop  at  the  time),  and  he  was 
so  fastidious  that  be 
laced  bis  shoes 
clear  to  the  top  every  time.  And  every 
time  be 
them  1  was  up  and  out 
at  work  before  he  finished,  and  when  he 
unlaced  them  I  was  in  bed  and  asleep 
before  he  got one  shoe  off.

laced 

”   ‘ How do you  manage  to  beat  me  out 
every  time,  Ship,'  says  he,  'on  the  lac­
ing  of  your  shoes?’

“   ‘ Why,’  says  I,  ‘ if  I  felt  that  it  was 
really  necessary  for  me  to  unlace  my 
shoes  every  time  I  went  to  bed,  and  to 
have  to  lace  them  up  every  time  I  got 
out of  bed,  I  don't  think  I'd  waste  my 
time  with  a  frazzled  lace  and  a  gimlet- 
hole  like  the  eye  of  a  needle.’

"   ‘ Well,  what would  you  do?’  says  he.
‘ Well,’  I  said,  ‘ I'd —I  don’t  know 
what  I ’d  do,  but  I ’d  do  something. ’ 
And  I  got  to  thinking  about  it  that 
night.

“ The  next  morning  I  had  it,  and  I 
cut  a  hook  out of  a  piece  of  tough  wood 
and  fastened  it  into  my  shoe. 
I  made 
sixty  of  them,  but  they  were  clumsy,  so 
I  took  a  piece  of  brass  and  made  some 
out  of  that.  Then  all  that  was neces­
sary  to  do  was  to  put  the  right  kind  of 
a  curve  in  it  so  that  it  would  not  bend 
back,  and  I  had  it.

“ That  young  fellow  liked it immense­
ly,  so  we  agreed  to  try  to  sell 
it,  and— 
well,  I  got $250  for  it—he  said that  was 
half what it sold lor—and  that’s  all  there 
was  to  it,  so  far as  I  was  concerned. ”  

“ When  did  you  make  this  invention, 

Mr.  Ship?”

Wfp' 

i l l

“ That  was  a 

long  time  ago,”   he 
answered,  “ in  sixty-eight,  I believe. 
It 
had  the  same  experience,"  he  added, 
“ as  the  barbed  wire  invention.  That 
was  patented  a 
long  time  ago,  and  it 
was  years  after  the patent  was  obtained 
before  any  one could  be  secured  to  take 
it  up.  The  people  called  the  inventor 
‘ the  man  with  the  terrible  device  for 
the  purpose  of  maiming  cattle,'  and  he 
was  obliged  to  s- II  his  invention  for 
what  he  could  get—$50  I  think,  in  or­
der  to  save  his  reputation.”

Gradually,  as  we  talked,  we  reverted 
to  the  submarine  fleet  whose  models 
were  laid  away  when  the 
inventor  was 
obliged  to  take  up  his  pride-killing 
abode.  The  old  man  was  in  bed  when 
we  called,  and  spoke  almost  in  a  whis­
per,  but  when  he  had  forgotten  that 
what  he  said  was  for  print, and  his  con­
centration  had  banished  his  diffidence, 
he  mapped  out  on  the  coverlet  before 
him  this  great  submarine  fleet.  Not one 
submarine  boat,  clumsy  and  as  dan­
gerous  to  itself  as  to  the  enemy,  but  a 
fleet of  them,  small  enough  to  bob  about 
like  a  buoy  and  as  hard  to  hit.  His 
idea  was  not  for  a  boat  large  enough  to 
make  a  formidable  attack,“ but  fora 
swarm  of  little  fellows,”   as  he  termed 
it,  “ that  should  harass  the  enemy 
like 
a  swarm  of  poisonous  insects,  each  with 
sufficent  poison  to  kill  should  it  get  the 
chance  to  sting. ”

Considering  the 

life  this  man  has 
lived  (for  it  has  been  a  rough  one)  one 
can  not  but  marvel  that  he  has  been 
able  to  raise  himself  to  that  high  men­
tal  plane  he  holds  and  to  accomplish  so 
much.  When  a  boy  he  joined  the  Eng­
lish  navy.  He 
is  a  veteran  of  the 
Crimean  war  and  of  the  Abyssinian 
war.  While 
in  the  navy  he  gave  his 
first  thought  to  his  submarine  fleet,  a 
work  that  has  never  been  completed. 
Later he  was  a  whaler  in  the  North,  and

Edward  R.  Rice,  general selling agent 
of  the  Banigan  Rubber  Company,  has 
been  connected  with  the  exclusive  rub­
ber  footwear  business  for  over  twenty 
years.  He  is  one  of  the  directors  of the 
Joseph  Banigan  Rubber Company.  He 
has  a 
large  store  at  Buffalo,  N.  Y .,  is 
the  “ Co.”   of  C.  L.  Weaver  &  Co.,  of 
Boston,  and  is  the  selling  agent  in  Chi­
cago  for  the  Banigan  rubbers,  carrying 
a  large  stock.

D ecep tio n s  o f  th e  B a rg a in  C ounter.
We  have  been  informed  by BretHarte 
that  “ for  ways  that  are  dark  and  for 
tricks  that  are  vain,  the  heathen  Chinee 
is  peculiar,”   but  he  is  not  alone  in  the 
possession  of  that  characteristic,  as  this 
incident  shows:

A  short time  ago  this  same  firm  de­
cided  to  advertise  a  big  bargain  sale 
and  get  rid  of  a  surplus  of  cotton  fab­
rics.  Consequently  the  goods  were  ad­
vertised  at  less  than  half.  Then  the 
manager,mussing a hundred yards of  one 
class,  placed 
it  in  the  show  window. 
It  was  12-cent  goods  and  was  reduced  to 
5.  The  store  was  crowded  that  day  by 
people  desiring  to  purchase  the  cotton 
fabrics  at  a  bargain.  On  the  shelves 
were  large  pieces  of  the  fabrics  which 
had  not  been  marked  down,  but  were  of 
the  same  quality  as  that  in  the  window. 
The  customers  bought  so  heavily  of 
these  goods  on  the  shelf  at  the  regular 
price  that  before  night  it  was  necessary 
to  take  some  of  the  mussed  goods  and 
reroll  them 
in  order  to  supply  the  de­
mand.  One  shopper  was  heard  to  tell 
her  companion  that  if  the  goods  in  the 
window,  which 
looked  cheap,  were  a 
bargain  at  5  cents,  the  neatly  rolled 
goods  at  12 cents were  bigger  bargains.

W om an S h oem ak er W h o L ik es H e r  W ork . 
From the Indianapolis Sun.

in  business  at 

Indianapolis  has  a  woman shoemaker, 
and  she  knows  her  trade  as  well  as  any 
man  who  ever  made  a  shoe.  All  parts 
of  the  shoe 
look  alike  to  her,  and  she 
can  build  one  from  the ground  up.  She 
is  now 
122  East  Ohio 
street.  Her  favorite  work  on  the  shoe 
is  the  uppers.  This  is  lighter  and  finer 
work  and  more  suitable  to  a  woman.
She  is  Miss  Louisa  Hartness.  She  is 
36  years  old  and  has  been  in  her  busi­
ness  for  twenty-one  years.  No  other 
woman  cobbler is  known  in  the State,  at 
least  none  with  the  business  reputation 
she  bears.  She  earns  a  good  salary  and 
is  well  able  to  care  for  herself.
As  a  reporter  waited  in  bis  stocking 
feet  while  she  mended  a  shoe  the  other 
day,  she  told  of  her  experience  as  a 
shoemaker.  No  false  modesty 
is  dis­
played  in  explaining  her  work,  for  she 
is  proud  of  the  art.  When  she  was  a 
girl  of  15  she  sought  employment  with 
the  old  Barnett  &  Elliott  shoe  factory. 
Here  she  learned  her  trade  and  worked 
in  the  factory  for  eight  years,  until  the 
factory  closed  down  permanently.  Since 
then  she  has  worked for  shoemakers  and 
has  also  done  special  work.  There  is 
no  part  of  the  shoe  she  does  not  know, 
and  know  well  enough  to  put  together.
“ You  see,  every  part  of  the  shoe  looks 
alike  to  me,”   she  said,  as  she  com­
menced  work  on  the  material  for  a  new 
shoe. 
“ I  can  take  the  tanned  leather, 
a  few  tacks,  some  thiead  and  machine 
and  make  any  kind  of  shoe  you  w ant.” 
The  shoes  she  wears  are  her own  make 
and  she  knows  what  they  are  made  of.
“ There  is  no  excuse  for  a  shoe  wear­
ing  out  quick,’ ’ she  says,  “ if it  is  made 
of  good  material. ”

The  finest  woman’s  shoe  is  as easy for 
her  to  make  as  the  roughest  hunting 
shoe.  She  can  make  shoes  that  prevent 
corns  and  shoes  that  do  not  hurt  corns, 
shoes  for  short-legged  people  and  plain, 
ordinary  shoes.
Miss  Hartness  likes  her  work and says 
she  intends  to  follow  the  occupation  for 
many  years  to  come.
M ade  to   G ive  In fo r m a tio n  

in   S p ite  o f 

H im se lf.

Recently  a  wealthy  merchant in Paris, 
who  does  an  extensive  business  with 
informed  that  a  prominent 
Japan,  was 
firm 
in  Yokohama  had  failed,  but  the 
name  of  the  firm  he  could  not  learn,  al­
though  he  was  most  anxious  to ascertain 
whether  it  was  the  one  with  which  he 
did  most  of  his  business  in  that  city.

He  could  have 

learned  the  truth  by 
cabling,  but  instead  he  went  to  the 
man,  a  well-known  banker,  who  bad 
received  the  news,  and  requested  him 
to  reveal  the  name  of  the  firm  to  him.

“ That’s  a  very  delicate  thing  to  do,”  
replied  the  banker,  “ for  the  news  is  not 
official,  and 
if  I  gave  up  the  name  I 
might  incur  some  responsibility.”

The  merchant  argued,  but 

in  vain, 
and  finally  he  made  this  proposition: 
“ I  will  give  you,”   he  said,  “ a  list  of 
ten  firms 
in  Yokohama,  and  I  will  ask 
you  to  look  through  it  and  then  to  tell 
me,  without  mentioning  any  name, 
whether  or  not  the  name  of  the  firm 
which  has  failed  appears  in 
it.  Surely 
you  will  do  that  for  me?”

“ Y es,”   said  the  banker,  “ for  if  I  do 
not  mention  any  name  lean  not  be  held 
responsible  in  any  w ay.”

The  list  was  made,  the  banker  looked 
through  it,  and,  as  he  handed  it  back  to 
the  merchant,  said, 
“ The  name  of  the 
firm  which  has  failed  is  there.”
Then  I  have  lost  heavily,”   replied 
the  merchant,  “ for  that  is  the  firm  with 
which  I  did  business,”   showing  him  a 
name  on  the  list.

‘ But  how  do  you  know  that  is  the 
firm  which  has  failed?”   asked  the 
banker  in  surprise.
t  VeJ"y  easily,”   replied  the  merchant.
Of  the ten  names  on  the  list  only  one 
is  genuine,that  of  the  firm  with  which  I 
did  business,  all  the  others  are  ficti­
tious.”

C ause  F o r  A n x ie ty .

Don’t  you  think  we  had  better  send 

for  the  doctor?”

‘ ‘ What  for?”
“ Well,  the  baby 

long.”

is  too  well  to  last 

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

17

THE

Old  National Bank

Grand  Rapids,  Michigan

E S T A B L I S H E D   1863

O F F I C E R S  

J .   M.  Barnett,  President.

W illard Barnhart,  Vice  President. 

Harvey J .   Hollister,  Cashier.

Clay  H.  Hollister,  Assistant  Cashier.

Hoyt  G.  Post,  Auditor.

D I R E C T O R S

James  M.  Barnett,  W illard  Barnhart,  Jacob  Cummer, Jos.  H.  M artin,  IV. 
R.  Shelby,  E .  G.  Studley,  Win. Judson,  L.  H.  Wither,  E .  Crofton  Fox,  Geo. 
C.  Peirce,  H. J .   Hollister,  W.  D.  Stevens,  Clay  H.  Hollister.

Capital  Stock,  $800,000 

Surplus and Undivided P rofits,  $348,767.49 

.  Deposits,  $4,135,870.80

This bank  opened its  beautiful  new offices in  Dec.,  1900, since  which  time  its  deposits 
have increased one-half. 
It is constantly opening new accounts with people throughout the 
State,  being the  Largest  Bank  in  W estern  M ichigan.  W e  are  in  position  to  meet  your 
every want  in  the line of banking requirements.  Write to-day for our book,  “ B a n k in g   by 
M a i l ;”  it  is  free and gives you information that is valuable.

1 8

T H E   H E A L T H   FO O D  M AN.

Som e  Sane  R em a rk s  C oncern in g a   R ecen t 

E v o lu tio n .

Tbe  past  decade  has  been  one  of  re­
markable  scientific  development.  It  has 
witnessed  the  invention  and  perfection 
of  the  X   ray,  a 
little  machine  that  is 
curious  to  the  point  of  impoliteness;  of 
the  wireless  telegraph,  which  will  make 
wire  useless  except 
in  politics  and- 
around  broom-handles;  and  of  the  diri­
gible  balloon,which  is  one  of  the  most 
attractive  forms of  suicide  that  has  yet 
been  conceived.  Tbe  past  decade  has 
also been  to  blame  for  other  things;  and 
among  these  is  the  health  food  man, the 
person  compared  with  whose daily menu 
the  Diet  of  Worms  was  an  epicurean re­
past.  The  health  food  man  exists  upon 
cereals  done  up  in  strange disguises and 
yellow  wrappers.  He  knows  the  nutri­
tive  value  of  everything  be  eats,because 
he  has  read 
it  on  the  yellow  wrapper 
aforesaid.  With  every  teaspoon  of  pre­
masticated  and  pre-digested  grub  he 
re-masticates  and  re-digests,  he  knows 
just  what  quantity  of  phosphates  be  is 
taking 
into  his  system  and  what  his 
pulse  will  be  seven  hours  and  thirty- 
nine  minutes  after  eating  thereof.  He 
knows  all  about  nitrates  and  day-rates. 
He  can  analyze  a  new  health  food  like 
a  politician  can  analyze  an  unfriendly 
plurality  and,  when  it  comes  to  a  ques­
.0007  of  a  grain  of 
tion  of  detecting 
sulphur 
in  a  ton  of  barley,  the  health 
food  man  has  the  pure  food  department 
backed  clear  off the  stage.

The  health  food  man  arises  at  7  a.  m. 
—when  he  is  able—and  makes  a  break­
fast  off  nitrogen,  carbon  and  phosphorus 
done  up  in  a  fifteen  cent  package  to  be 
had  at  tbe  department  stores  two  for  a 
quarter.  Tbe  festive  flannel  cake  knows 
him  not  and  he  has  forgotten  the  joyous 
sigut  of  that  time-honored  culinary  con­
coction  floating 
in  a  sea  of  honey  or 
submerged  beneath  an  ocean  of  melted 
butter.  He  drinks  a  counterfeit  coffee 
which  has  never  felt  the  hoi  kiss  of  tbe 
Arabian  wind  or  trembled  on  the  tree 
with  the  monthly  earthquake  of  the  Isle 
of  Java.  Where  he  once  consumed  large 
quantities  of  mysterious  hash  in  bliss­
ful 
its  concomitants,  he 
now  breakfasts  on  ground  feed  of  which 
he  knows  the  exact  formula.  At  noon  he 
lunches  on  dainties  that  have  been 
ground  up  and  digested  by  machinery 
before 
leaving  the  factory.  Then  he 
leans  back  and  reads  a  dissertation  on 
“ How  to  Be  Happy  Although  Horribly 
Healthy.”   At  6  he  dines  on  Poorino 
and  Grape-biits,  with  a  dash  of  Snow- 
Flakes  for  an  appetizer  and  boiled  bar­
ley  for  a  wash.  Then  he  goes to  sleep 
and  dreams  dreams  and  in  the  morning 
ascribes  the  sea  serpents  be  saw  to  the 
fact  that  the  day  before  he  yielded  to 
temptation  and 
looked  at  a  roast  in  a 
restaurant  window.

ignorance  of 

We  are  living  in  an  age  when  we dote 
on  health  goods;  in  fact,  sort  of a  dote 
age.  Our  evening  paper  is  full  of  the 
advertisements  of  health  foods  that  will 
not 
injure  tbe  weakest  digestion  and 
will  make  a  strong  digestion  look  like  a 
sheet  of  boiler plate alter target practice. 
We  read  of  drinks  that  will  not  keep 
men  awake  nights,  but  will,  instead, 
put  slumber  robes  on  them  that  will 
make  them  sleep  through  a  Fourth  of 
July  celebration  at  Fife  Lake.

I  have  heard  it  said  that  occasionally 
a  man  starts  out  alone  to  drink  up  all 
tbe  laughing  soup  in  Grand  Rapids  and 
wakes  up  the  next  morning  to  find  there 
are  a  few  bottles  left. 
Just  so  does  the 
intrepid  health  food  man  attempt  to 
sample in the brief  span  of a  health  food

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

lifetime  all  the  health  foods  manufac­
tured.  He  eats  everything  that  is  pre­
coked, 
pre-masticated,  pre-digested 
and  pre-assimilated  and  in  the  morning 
reads 
in  his  paper  that  seven  more 
health  food  companies  have  been  or­
ganized  in  Michigan  during  the  night. 
Then  he  begins  all  over;  and  yet  we 
wonder  at  crime.

In  Michigan  tbe  health  food  business 
flourishes  like  a  Green  Bay,  Wis.,  tree. 
When  a  man  can  not  start  a  political 
boom  or  a  riot  he  sallies  forth  and starts 
a  health  food  company.  All  that  is  nec­
essary 
is  a  little  bran  and  brains  and  a 
good  advertisement  writer.  New  Jersey 
may  have  its  trusts,  but  it  can  not  touch 
Michigan  when  it  comes  to  a  question 
of  turning  out  square  meals  that  can  be 
saturated  with  a 
little  skim  milk  and 
faith  and  served  in  a  saucer.

The  good  old  days,  when  people 
bought  oatmeal  out  of  a  barrel  a  quar­
ter’s  worth  at  a  time,  and  bought  coffee

discovers  a  new bovine  malady the steak 
trust  boosts  the  price  of choice  cuts  a 
quarter of  a  cent. 
Is  it  any  wonder  that 
the  father  of  the  family  of  ten  there­
upon  goes  forth  and 
lays  in  a  winter 
supply  of  pre-digested  popcorn  and  be­
gins  feeding  the  baby  bran  mash? 
If 
the  health  feed  gets  the  meat  monopoly 
and  tbe  oyster  octopus  on  tbe  run,  the 
octopi  can  pause 
long  enough  to  kick 
themselves  with  their  numerous legs,  for 
they  will  have  no  one  to  blame  but 
themselves,  and  the  feed  factories  will 
not  have  flourished  in  vain.

I  would  not  bear down  too  hard  on  the 
health  foods. 
I  would  bear  down  on 
them  only  so  far  as  they  rob  us  of  our 
epicurean  appetite 
for  quail  on  toast 
and  ducks paddling  around  in  their own 
gravy  and  so  far  as  they  deny  the  mer­
chant  his  old-time  profit  on  the  paper 
and  the  string. 
In  tbe  merchant's  be­
half  I  sigh  for  the  days  when  salt  pork 
was  retailed  by  the  yard  and  coffee  was

its  own  way 

at  13  cents  a  pound  that  was  strong 
enough  to  make 
in  the 
world,  are past.  Now  they  get  21  meals 
for  15  cents  and  a pasteboard box thrown 
in,  and  coffee  at  a  corresponding  re­
duction 
if  tbe  barley  crop  is  good.  A 
square  meal  for  a  family  of  six  costs 
about  11  cents  a  throw  in  theory;  and 
in  theory  a  family  of  ten  can  live  on 
$3.44  a  week  and  every  member of  it 
develop  a  biceps  like  a  10 cent  loaf  of 
rye  bread  and  a  nerve  like  a 
lightning- 
rod  agent.  Incidentally,  the  health  food 
company agrees  to  throw  in  a  brain  that 
will  make  tbe  mathematical wonder look 
like  a  first  grader  just  learning  that  two 
Americans  and  two  Irishmen  on  St. 
Patrick's  Day  make  four,  but  that  two 
Irishmen  and  two  Italians make trouble.
Is  it  to  be  wondered  at  that  the  health 
food  habit  grows  when  beef  is  so  high 
that  the  cow  jumps  over  the  moon  with­
out  the  slightest  difficulty?  Every  time 
a 

long-haired  professor  at  Ann  Arbor  *

in. 

found  a  tin  bin 
I  have  no  doubt 
that  some  of  the  gigantic  intellects  that 
are  now  running  around 
loose  in  this 
country  were  developed  by  Maul-the- 
Vitals  or  some  other  of  our numerous 
health  foods. 
I  have  come  to  this  con­
clusion  through  seme  testimonials  sent 
me  by  a  friend.  When  I decided  to  take 
up  this  subject  of  health  foods  I  wrote 
to  him  and  asked  him  to  send  me  some 
documentary  evidence  that  his  health 
food  would  cure  unrequited  love  and 
in 
grow  hair  on  bald  heads,  as  claimed 
his  glowing  advertisemnts. 
In  reply  he 
sent  me 
following  testimonials, 
which  I  am  certain are genuine ;  in fact, 
I  am  as  certain  that  he actually received 
them  as  I  am  that  I  wrote  and requested 
them.  Those  who  are  skeptical  about 
health  foods  should  read  this :

the 

I  was 

When  I  began  using  your  health  food 
in  Chicago,  111.  Now  no  one  is 
well  as  Siam. 
And  this:
A  month  ago  I  could  not  tip the scales

U.  R.  E.  Z.

at 90  pounds. 
I  have  been  eating  your 
pre-digested  preparation  since  then  and 
now  I  can  tip  a  Pullman  porter.

D.  R .  Ummer.

And  these:
I  am  a  professional  diver  and  one 
in  Italy  1  was  so  thin  that 
year  ago 
when  I  dove  into  tbe  Mediterranean  1 
stuck  head  first  in  tbe  bottom.  Now  I 
am  swimming  in  Greece.

R.  U.  Underdrink.

When  I  began  using  your  health  lood 
I  was  suffering  with  intermittent  fever. 
Thanks  to  your  food,  it  is  now  a  con­
tinuous  performance.

Wood  B.  Hamlett.
My  hair  was  getting  so  long  it  made 
my  head  ache. 
I  began  using  your 
health  food  and  now  I  have  hair  no 
longer. 

Sent  R .  Rush.

I  know  these  testimonials  are  genuine 

because  1  wrote  them  myself.

These  glowing testimonials from satis­
fied  customers  remind  me  of  the  case  of 
my  old  friend,  Tim  Bumps.  We  were 
boys together. 
I  was  born  in  Muskegon 
and  Tim  was  born  in  an  advertisement 
school  in  New  York.  Bumps  was  not 
his  real  name,  but  we  called  him  that 
because  of  the  hard  bumps  he  got as  he 
went  through 
life  and  because  he  was 
something  of  a  knocker  himself.  Tim 
went  to  sleep  in  the  basket of a  captive 
balloon  one  time  and  it  broke  loose,  as 
might  have  been  expected  if Hard  Luck 
Tim  had  anything  to  do  with  it.  When 
he  fell  out  at  an  altitude  of  12,271  feet, 
he  thought  he  bad  bumped  his 
last 
bump,  but  Tim  slept  all  the  way  down 
and  then  complained  because  the  jar 
woke  him  up  and  gave  him  a  headache. 
A  sudden  fall  would  have  given  almost 
any  other  man  pneumonia  anyway.

Tim  bad  one  passion :  He  liked  to 
eat.  He  would  start  in  at  the  corners 
of  a  square  meal  and  make  it  look 
like 
the  inside  of  a  doughnut.  This  industry 
brought  its  reward.  He  soon  bad  a  case 
of 
indigestion  on  his  hands—which  is 
an  unusual  place  for  indigestion.  His 
friends  told  him  to  quit  eatiing  seven 
course  dinners  every  day  and  instead  to 
eat  one  coarse  dinner  made  up  of  health 
foods.  Tim  followed  their advice.  His 
indigestion  disappeared.  He  again 
grew  merry. 
People  stopped  calling 
him  Tim  Bumps  and  called  him  Funny 
Tim.
I  tell  it 
for  the  benefit  of  tbe  man  with  the 
health  food  habit.  As  the  reader  well 
knows,  the  chemical  elements  of  which 
the  human  body  is  composed,and  which 
it  by 
must,  therefore,  be  supplied  to 
food,  are  fourteen 
in  number. 
The 
health  foods  of  which  Funny  Tim  par­
took  contained  all  these  fourteen  ele­
ments  and  nothing  else.  Now,  be 
it 
known,  Funny  Tim  was  a  man  who  did 
nothing  by  halves;  and,  as  tbe  health 
food  habit  grew  upon  him,  he  took these 
fourteen  elements 
into  bis  system  in 
larger  proportions  daily.

Then  the  awful  happened. 

One  day  we  missed  Funny  Tim. 
When  two  days  passed  and  he  did  not 
appear  we  hoisted  the  coronej’  through 
the  transom.  Alas!  All  we*  found  of 
Funny  Tim  was  a  quantity  of  carbon, 
phosphorus,  sulphur,  silicon,  chlorine, 
fluorine,  potassium,  sodium,  calcium, 
magnesium  and  iron.  The  rest  of  him 
had  been  reduced  to  oxygen,  hydrogen 
and  nitrogen  and  had  vanished  into 
thin  air.
A  learned  chemist  explained  it  at  the 
inquest.  He  testified  that,  from  an  ex­
amination  of  the  remains,  which  be  had 
carefully  corked  up  in  a  dozen  or  more 
bottles,  he  found  Funny  Tim  came  to 
his  end  by  eating  food  that  was  too 
pure.  So  long  as  he  ate  mince  pie  and 
fried  oysters  and  other articles  of  food 
in  which 
impurities  existed  he  was 
safe;  but  when  he  placed  himself  on  a 
diet  which  contained  nothing  but  those 
things  which  were  pure  there  was  noth­
ing  else  to  hold  him  together  and  he 
dissolved  into a  purely elementary state.
that 
Funny  Tim  came  to  bis  death  by  being 
altogether  too  healthy.

rendered  a  verdict 

jury 

The 

Douglas  Malloch.

1 9

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M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

Facts  in  a 

t t t t t t t t t t t t t f t t t t t t t t t f ’i’t
♦  
♦  
t
 
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♦  
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Nutshell

WHY?

They  lire  Scientifically

P E R F E e T

129 Jefferson   A venue 

D etro it,  M ich.
*f**f**f*»f»»f»*|» *§•»!*

113,115*117  O ntario S tr eet  *§* 
| | |

T oled o,  O hio 

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\sssss

t

Would a system of keeping your accounts that

Lessens 
Bookkeeping 
By  One=Half

That  gives you  the  Total  Amount  your  cus­
tomer  owes  you  with  Every  Bill  of  goods 
he buys;
That gives  your  customer  a  duplicate  of  his 
order  together  with  the  total  amount  of  his 
account;
Thereby  keeping  your  accounts  up  to  date 
like  a  bank,  be of interest to  you?
Our descriptive booklet tells  all  about  it  and 
we will  gladly send  you  one  if  you  will  drop 
us  a card.

The  Simple Account  File  Co.

500 Whittlesey Street,
Fremont, Ohio

For  That  Boy  of  Yours!

There’s Nothing Too Good  For  liim

Of all the joys, of all the toys,
The Patrol is th e  best for th e  boys.
Don’t  be tig h t—th e  price is rig h t.
And  m ore abundant love for papa in sight.

No. 2  Police or Fire Patrol Wagon

Body 21x40 inches;  with  a  front  seat  and two seats 
running  lengthwise  of  wagon,  with  brass  rails; 
seats are  upholstered  in  red  plush.  Has  a  foot 
pressure  gong.  Has  a footboard in  front and step 
on  rear,  both  of  which  are  ironed  and  strongly 
braced. 
The  gears  are  very  strong  and  well 
braced. 
11-16 inch  axles are  used,  having  a  5^x3 
spindle.  Tinned  wire wheels,  14  and  20  inches, 
with extra  heavy  hubs,  spokes  and  rim s.  The 
construction  throughout is extra  strong,  making it 
capable of carrying extra heavy loads  and enduring 
The gear  is painted yellow,  body blue in the  Police  Patrol  and  red  in  the  Fire  Patrol;  both  ornamented  and 
It  is superior  to all other large  Patrol  Wagons  on  the  market,  in  that it has extra heavy  axles,  with heavy wire wheels, 

rough  usage. 
stenciled. 
which  are well known  to  be  stronger  and  more lasting  than wood  wheels.  Weight,  90  pounds. 

Given  free with  72  pounds Ground  Spices in  assorted  grades for 

^
J  C J  

Spices  guaranteed  pure. 

Spices  and  Patrol  Wagon  F.  O.  B.  Toledo.

WOOLSON  SPICE  CO.,  Toledo,  Ohio

20

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

T H E   R E T A IL   GROCER.

Some  S u g g estio n s  Regarding  Existing 

Evils  in  the  Trade.

What  methods  can  the  average  retail  ' 
grocer,  or  single  line  dealer,  employ  to 
meet  the  competition  of  chain  stores, 
calico  grocers,  department  stores  or  es­
tablishments  with  such  unlimited  capi­
tal  that  it  enables  them  to  add  to  their 
assortment  of  wares  almost  everything 
that  is  required  in  the  household?

This  is  an  important  subject,  as  well 
as  a  puzzler  to  the  majority  of  grocers.
No  doubt  but  the  class  of  grocers 
above  mentioned  possess  advantages 
that  the  smaller  grocers  with  limited 
means,  and  very  frequently  with  very 
lim.ted  business  capacity,  do  net  pos­
sess  and  possibly  can  not  attain.

The  large  output  of the establishments 
large  purchases, 
named  necessitates 
hence 
lower  cost;  if  the  chain  stores 
and  the  others  mentioned  would  only 
sell  at  regular  or  established  prices  they 
would  all  do  better.  The  small  grocer 
would  be  satisfied  with  the  smaller 
profit  and  the  large  purchaser  would  be 
making  a 
larger  profit,  but  the  greed 
to  do  all  the  business  of  the  community 
and  wipe  out  his  poor competitors seems 
so  deeply  instilled  in  the  minds  of  the 
bigger  concerns  that  it  is  to  be  feared 
no  appeal  for  fair  play  or  a  live  and  let 
live  policy  will  prevail.  Some  ether 
remedy  must  be  sought.  Who  will 
write  a  paper  suggesting  a  remedy? 
The  person  who  can  solve  this  question 
will  gain  the  thanks  of  hundreds  of 
in  the  United 
thousands  of  grocers 
combination  purchases 
States.  Will 
accomplish 
it?  No  doubt  combination 
purchases  will  reduce  the  cost of  goods, 
but  wili  all  members  of  the  combina­
tion  stick  to  a  card  price,  giving  a  liv­
ing profit,  and  should  that  card  price  be 
made  lower  at  times  than  the  cutter's 
price?

If  all  grocers  belonged  to  grocers'  as­
sociations  and  complied  with 
card 
prices  issued  by  the  association it would 
be  easy  sailing,  but  you  can  not  get  all 
grocers  to 
join  an  association.  Some 
few  will  always  stay  out,  just  out of 
cussed  obstinacy,  and  they  are  the  ones 
who  frequently  cause  even  good  mem­
bers  to  cut  prices.

Will  combination  purchases  antago­
nize  the  localjobbers?  I think  they will, 
but  I  also  think  that  if  the  jobbers  were 
to  work 
in  harmony  with  the  retailers 
the  matter  of  uniform  fair  prices  could 
be  brought  about  much  sooner  than  in 
any  other  manner.

In  my  estimation,  retailers should  buy 
altogether  from  the  jobbers  and  the  job­
bers  should  see  that  no  manufacturer 
sells  to  any  one  but  a  jobber,  and  if 
caught  doing  so  the  combination  of  job­
bers  should  boycott  such  manufacturers. 
Retailers  should  refuse  to  buy  from  any 
manufacturer  except  through  a  jobber. 
Then  when  the 
jobbers'  organizations 
are  strong  enough  and  backed  by  the 
retailers,  they  can  regulate  tbe  retail 
price  of  almost  ail  the  goods  that  enter 
into  tbe  business  of  the  retailer,  partic­
ularly  on  such  staple  artices  as  sugars, 
cereals,  soaps  and  probably half  a  dozen 
other  staple  or well  advertised  goods.

If  the  prices  on  these  articles  were 
uniform  it  would  be  a  great  advance  on 
the  present  conditions;  let  there  be  a 
leeway  of  bargains  on  other  goods. 
There  are  hundreds  of  articles  in  a 
store  which  a  merchant  can  offer at  cut 
prices  from  time  to  time,  either  to  un­
load  a  surplus  or to  create  a  little  stir. 
This  is  essential  in  every  business,  but 
why  pick  out  such  staples  as  above 
mentioned? 
The  people  must  have

them,  and 
if  all  maintained  a  uniform 
low  profit  price  there  would  be  just  as 
much  sold,  the  public  would  not  be  dis­
satisfied  and  tbe  grocer could  live  a  lit­
tle  better  and  no  doubt  pay  his  bills 
better and  more  promptly.

1  would  not dare  undertake  to  propose 
any  positive  remedy. 
I  simply  bring 
tbe  question  up  and  hope  that  some  one 
will  soon  offer  suggestions  that  will lead 
to  some  plan  that  will  be  of  benefit  to 
the  grocer  on  this  question.

Are  there  too  many  grocers,  more 
than  the  community  actually  needs  to 
supply  their  wants  expeditiously  and 
economically?  Does  this  apply  to  job­
bers  as  well?  What  causes  this  super­
abundance  of  retail  grocers? 
Is  it  be­
cause  many  think  it  is  an easy business, 
requiring  small  capital  and  no  business 
knowledge?  No  doubt  this  is  one  of 
the  causes  of  demoralized  prices.  A 
beginner  opening 
in  a  locality  where 
there  is  really  no  need  of another gro­
cery 
fancies  be  must  cut  prices  on 
everything  in  order  to  establish  a  trade. 
He  does  so  and  bis  competitor,  who  has 
perhaps  long  been  located  in  that  sec­
tion,  thinks  he  must  meet  his  prices, 
does  so,  and  tbe  cutting  becomes  con­
tagious  and  spreads,  doing 
immense 
harm.  The  beginner's  capitai 
is  soon 
exhausted;  he  quits,  but  the  damage 
has  been  done  and 
is  not  so  easily 
remedied.

Do  not  tbe  jobbers  frequently  encour­
age  the  starting  of  new  stores 
just  to 
get  tbe  few  dollars  of  the  beginner? 
if  tbe  jobber  is  shrewd  he  is  fre­
Even 
quently  bitten 
in  his  eagerness  to  in­
crease  his  sales;  perhaps  tbe  drummer 
is  to  blame. 
If  tbe  jobbers  and  estab­
lished  retailers  worked  in  harmony  the 
jobber  could  discourage  the  starting  of 
new  stores,  both  to  bis  benefit  as  well 
as  to  the  benefit  of  tbe  established  re­
tailers  in  that  neighborhood.  Possibly 
tbe  cutting  of  prices  by  the  department 
stores  and  chronic  cutters  could  be  reg­
ulated  by  the  jobbers  combining  to  cut 
off  their  supply  from  first  hands,  incase 
an  appeal  to  the  cutter  to  maintain 
card  prices  is  ignored.

Has  it  ever  struck  anyone  how  the 
retail  price  of  many  commodities,  no­
tably  cereal  foods,  is  arbitrarily  fixed 
by  the  manufacturers  and  frequently  at 
a  price  that  causes  them  to  be  sold 
less 
than  cost?  1 say less  than  cost,  of  course 
including  tbe  expense  of  the  business. 
Many  grocers  do  not  add  the average 
expense  of  conducting  business  to  the 
cost  of  goods,  hence  fancy,  if  they  get 
12  to  15  per  cent,  above  cost,  they  are 
making  a  profit,  when,  in  fact,  they 
are  selling  at  a  loss,  for  most  business 
will average  that  percentage  of  expense, 
even  without  counting  the  living  ex­
penses  of  the  proprietor  and  bis  family.
I  think  arrangements  could  be  made 
in  every  community,  where  there  are 
local 
jobbers,  by  the  retailers  to  buy  to 
a  better  advantage  than  out  of  their 
city.  The  jobber,  if  he  could  depend 
upon  the  local  retail  trade,  could  order 
in 
larger  quantities,  thereby  reducing 
the  first  cost.  His  proportion  of  freight 
on  large  shipments  would  be  so  much 
lower  than  on  small  shipments,  in itself 
quite  a  margin.  Tbe  retailer  need  buy 
only  as  he  needs  the  goods,  hence  has 
less  capital  invested,  and  does  not  over­
load  himself  with  goods,  which  he  is 
frequently  tempted  to  do  by  the  per­
suasive  drummer  from  another city.

Our 

jobbers  could  fill  almost  every 
want  of  tbe  local  dealer and  just  as  low, 
if  not  lower  than  the  other  chap.  Will 
If  they  will,  so
the 

jobbers  do  this? 

The Fourth National Bank

2 Monroe Street*
Grand Rapids, Michigan

U.  S.  D epositary

Condensed  from  statement  of  the  condition  of  the  bank  as 
reported  to the Comptroller  of  the  Currency  at  the  close  of 
business,  September  15th,  1902.

R ESO U R C ES 

Loans and  Investments
U. S.  B o n d s ....................................
Premium on  Bonds 
Cash on  Hand and in Banks

- 

L IA B IL IT IE S
.

.

.

.

Capital Stock 
.
Surplus and Undivided  Profits 
National  Bank Notes Outstanding
' Certificates 
Deposits ■! Certificates 
i Commercial

r 

- 

.
- 

-  $  927,781 30
1,831,328.40

$2,085,248.38 
750,000.00 
35,000.00 
621,252 42
$3,491,500.80

300,00000 
132,391.10 
300 000 00

2,759,10970

$3,491,500.80

Wm  H.  A n d er so n,  President 

Jno. A.  S eym our, Cashier 

Jno.  W.  B l o d g e t t, Vice-Presiden 
L. Z.  Ca u k in,  Ass’t. Cashier

O FFIC ER S

D IRECTO RS

Jno. W.  Blodgett 

W.  H.  Gay 

C. Bertsch 

A.  D.  Rathbon 

Geo.  P. Wanty  S.  M.  Lemon  G.  K.  Johnson  C.  G.  A. Voigt 

A.  G.  Hodenpyl  Wm. Sears  Wm.  H.  Anderson

We expect to occupy our new banking offices about December 1st,  where  we  will 

pleased to meet our patrons and friends.

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

2 1

much  sooner  will  the  harmony  between 
jobber  and  retailer  be  effected.

Another  remedy  has suggested  itself— 

consolidation.

Would  the  combining  of  various  es­
tablished  businesses 
in  one  building, 
handling  all  the  requirements  of  a  fam­
ily  for the  table,  be  desirable? 
learn 
it  is  being  done  in  many  localities,  but 
I  have  not  heard  of  the  results  yet.

I 

it 

This  combination  of  capital,  talent 
and  established  trade  would  possibly 
work  in  some  localities,  but  the  estab­
lishment  of  card  prices  and  some  plan 
to  prevent  the  card  prices  from  being 
broken 
is  after  all  the  true  and  only 
solution  to  help  the  many  small grocers. 
However,  the  advantages  of  consolida­
tion,  where 
is  possible,  are  many.
It  would  relieve  the  various  individuals 
of  great  mental  anxieties,  by  dividing 
them,  thus:  One  could  devote  his  en­
tire  energy  to  selling  goods,  while  an­
other  could  attend  to  the buying,another 
to  finances,  etc.  The  cost  of  advertis­
lower;  in 
ing  would  be  proportionately 
fact  all  expenses  could  be 
reduced, 
while  the  trade,  on  account  of the  vari­
ety  offered  and  convenience  of  finding 
all  under  one  roof,  would  no  doubt  be 
increased,  but  the  advantages  of  a  com­
bination  of  capital,  energy  and  talent 
are  so obvious  that  it  is  unnecessary  to 
enumerate  or  dwell  upon  them,  and,  in 
my  opinion,  in  time  this  scheme  will 
eventually  have  to  be  adopted  by many, 
if  they  want  to  keep  pace  with  the 
times.
Has 

it  ever  dawned  on  the  mind  of 
the  collector  of trading  stamps  that  he 
or  she  as  a  rule  is  paying  $2  more  or 
leas  for  every  one  dollar's  worth  of 
prizes  or  merchandise  they  get  in  ex­
change  for the  stamps  collected?

It  is  an  undisputed  fact  that  no dealer 
in  this  day  of  close  competition,  and 
asking  only  a  legitimate  profit  on  bis 
wares,  can  afford  to  give  5  per cent, 
away  either  as  blackmail  or  as  a  gift  to 
his  customers,  hence  the  buyer  as  a  rule 
must  pay  this  5  percent.  We  know  it to 
be  a  fact  that  many  dealers  while  not 
advancing  the  price  on  such  staple  ar­
ticles,  the  price  of  which  is  generally 
known to the public,or  has  been  long  es­
tablished,  have advanced  their  prices on 
goods  where  the  quality  can  be  reduced 
unknown  to  the  customer  or  where  5  per 
cent,  to  the  selling  price  is  not  notice­
able,  hence  the  stamp  collectors  uncon­
sciously  pay  for  the  stamps  and  get  in 
return  articles  that  could  be  bought  for 
less  than  they  pay  for  them  in 
much 
stamps.  Some  merchants  say, 
if  the 
public  wants  to  be  humbugged  we  are 
willing  as  long  as  they  pay  for it,  hence 
are  not  to  be  blamed,  only  so  far  that 
they  are  assisting  a  class  of  people  who 
are  termed  by  many  as  blackmailers  in 
victimizing 
the  unsuspecting  or  un­
thinking  public.

Enquiry  has  elicited  the 

fact  that 
children  and  servants  are  the  ones  that 
advocate  the  stamp  scheme  the  strong­
est 
It  is  true  many  unthinking  persons 
think  they  are  getting  the  prizes  for 
nothing,  hence  prefer  trading  where 
stamps  are  given. 
If  they  stop  to  think 
for a  moment  they  could  not  help  real­
izing  that  the  obtaining  of  prizes  for 
nothing  is  simply  a  delusion.

Who  is  to  blame  for this  condition  of 
affairs?  We  blame  the  merchants,  who 
assist  in  deluding  the  public;  we  blame 
the  parents,  who  let  their  children  and 
servants  think  the  prizes  are  clear  profit 
and  not  paid  for by  the  household. 
If 
an  honest  merchant thinks  he  must  give 
trading  stamps  because  his  competitors 
do  he  is  simply  being  blackmailed  and

it 

the  public  is  assisting  in  his  eventual 
downfall  or  in  tempting  him  to  become 
dishonest.

The  merchant  who  gives  stamps  will 
not tell  the  public  of  the  delusion 
is 
laboring  under.  Those  who  sell  the 
trading  stamps  to  the  merchants  have 
too  soft  a  snap  to  tell  the  public  the 
truth  as  exposed  in  this article. 
Indi­
vidual  merchants  who  condemn  the 
practice  do  not  desire  to  assume  the 
trouble  of  publicly  making  the  facts 
known,  hence  an  association  of  mer­
chants  should  undertake  the  task.

J.  A.  Dingens.

T h e  E n g lish   as  J a m   E aters.

in  the  world. 

The  English  people  as  a  race  are  ex­
tremely  fond  of  jams,  and  the  amount 
consumed  in  a  year  in  the United K ing­
is  enormous.  One  reason  for  this 
dom 
is  that 
jam  is  cheap  in  England,  par­
tially  owing  to  the  fact  that  for  years 
the  manufacturers  have  enjoyed  the 
cheapest  sugar 
The 
bounty-paying  countries  of Europe  have 
been  taking  money  out  of  their own 
pockets  so  that  the  Englishmen  might 
have  one  of  their  favorite  dainties  at  a 
very  low  price. 
Jam  is  not  served  as  a 
regular  peace  ration 
in  the  British 
army,  but  it  was  liberally  furnished  to 
the  British  troops  during the South A fri­
can  campaign,  as  is  shown  by  the  offi­
cial  figures.  According  to  Mr.  Brod- 
rick,  the  war  minister,  no  less  than 
34,582,762  pounds  of  jam were consumed 
by  the  army  during  the  war.  Of  this 
enormous  total,  28,656,362  pounds  were 
sent  out  from  the  United  Kingdom  and 
5,926,400  from  the  colonies.  Accord 
ing  to  the  statistics  the  favorite  jams 
with  Tommy  Atkins  are 
in  order  of 
preference, gooseberry,  apricot,  marmal­
ade  and  plum.  Only  some  200,000 
pounds  of  peach 
jam  were  consumed 
and  about  2,400,000  pounds  of  straw­
berry.  The  London  Express,  in  com­
menting  on  the enormous amount  of  jam 
used—no  less  than  5,438  tons—says  that 
one  of  the  largest  factories  in the United 
Kingdom  turns  out  about  a  ton  a  day, 
and  yet  it  would  take  forty-two years for 
this  factory,  running  every  day  in  the 
year,to  supply the amount  used  in  South 
Africa  in  three  years.  A  ship  of  3,000 
tons  carrying  capacity 
is  not  by  any 
means  a  small  vessel,  and  yet  it  would 
have  taken  five  such  vessels  loaded  to 
their  capacity  with  nothing  but  jam  to 
have  carried  out  the  supply  needed; 
while 
it  would  have  taken  fifty-one 
trains,  each  of  a  carrying  capacity  of 
300 tons,  to  have  brought  the  jam  to  the 
front.  Taking  an  average  of  the  British 
forces  in  South  Africa,  and  figuring that 
every  man  was  allowed  an equal  amount 
of  jam  each  day,  this  would  mean 
138 
pounds  per  man  for  the  campaign.  As 
this  lasted  two  years,  seven  months  and 
twenty  days,  or,  say,  960  days,  this 
would  mean  a  consumption  of  about  2% 
ounces  per  day  per  man.  A  man  who 
served  through  the  whole  campaign  and 
had  his  fair  share  of 
jam  each  day 
would,  therefore,  have  eaten  possibly 
bis  own  weight  in  jam  during  the  Boer 
war.  The  English  should  no  longer  be 
called  a  nation  of  beef  eaters,  but  a  na­
tion  of  jam  eaters.

H is  M om en t  o f  F o r g etfu ln ess.

“ While 

Jacob  still  tarried  at  the 
well,”   said  the  superintendent  of  the 
Sunday  school, “ Rachel,  as  we  are  told, 
drew  near.  She  was  fair  to  look  upon, 
and  Jacob  kissed  her.  Then  ‘ he 
lifted 
up  his  voice  and  wept.’  A  great  many 
whimsical  explanations,  children,  have 
been  advanced  for  this  singular  conduct 
on  Jacob’s  part.  What  possible  reason 
could  he  have  had  for  weeping,  after 
having  kissed  his  beautiful  cousin?”
crobes,”   ventured  Tommy  Tucker.

about  the  m i­

remembered 

“ He 

MACHINERY

n

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Cor. Shelby and Woodbridge Streets

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

and 

souls,  is recognized  in  every  city  on  the 
secure  adequate  returns  upon  capital 
face  of  the  globe  as  the  greatest  furni­
a  subject  that 
is  most  perplexing  and 
ture  center 
in  the  world,  is  rich  in  re­
very  difficult  to  solve  under  existing 
sources,  with  ten  banking  institutions 
conditions.  New  conditions  are  being 
holding  deposits  aggregating  over  $20,- 
considered,  and  it  is  regarded  by  many 
000,000, and  considered the metropolis  of 
that  what  is  being  adopted  as  the  solu 
Western  Michigan,  beautiful,  progress­
tion  of  similar troubles,  in  other  great 
ive  and  thoroughly  metropolitan ;  and 
industrial 
lines,  and  known  as  "com 
it  is  easy  to  perceive  that  its  six  well- 
munity  of  interests,"  is  the  panacea  for 
organized 
splendidly-conducted 
the  wholesale  grocers.  This  problem 
wholesale  grocery  concerns,  with  ample 
being  solved  by  the  merging  of  organ 
capital,  doing  a  large  and  ever-increas-
zations  into'greater  ones,  with  large  ag
ing  business  co-equal  with  the  develop-  gregations  of  capital,  sufficient  to  ab 
ment  of  Michigan,  enjoy  to-day  all  the  sorb,  control  and  handle  the  weightiest 
prestige  and  advantages  afforded  by  a !  propositions  connected  with  the  busi 
metropolitan  city  and  well-developed I ness.  The  merging  oi 
interests  seems 
State.  Were  I  to  stop  here,  what  has  strictly  in  harmony  with  the  conditions 
been  said  might  be  misleading  as  I  | and  necessities  of  the  times  in which we 
have  spoken  of  the  inconveniences,  the j  live,  and  to  us  it  is  bound  to come;  and 
troubles,  the  trials  peculiar  to  the  early  the  greater  organizations  which  shall 
interests  of  this  State,  the  dis-  supplant  the  smaller ones that  now  exi 
jobbing 
advantage  of 
lack  of  railroads,  poor  in  Michigan  and  throughout  the  coun 
credits,  scarcity  of  money,  poor  trans-1 try  will,  when  managed,  as  they  surely 
portation  facilities,  etc.,  of  that  time,  [ will  be,  by  men  of  known  integrity  and

T h e  W o rk in g   “J a p s”  L iv e   On  B a rley .
M.  Zumuto,  editor  of  the  Japanese 
Times,  recently  entertained  a  party  of 
gentlemen  in  Chicago  with  some  off- 
band  descriptions  of  the  customs  of  his 
country,  especially  of  practices 
in  the 
business  and 
industrial  world  there. 
And  when  it  came  to  the  matter  of  food 
bis  mouth  fairly  "watered”   as  he  re­
counted  the  things  that  be  and  his 
countrymen  eat  at  home.
"B a rle y ,”   he  said, 

" i s   probably 
the  staple  food  for  fully  6  per  cent,  of 
the  population  of  Japan—that 
is,  the 
peasantry;  second 
importance  are 
vegetables,and  fish  comes  third.  There 
is  a  general  impression  in  this  country 
that  the  Japanese  live  on  rice,  but  that 
is  not  the  case.  The  peasant  or  small 
farmer  raises  rice,  barley  and  wheat,  but 
sells  the  rice  to  the  cities.

in 

is  far  more  nutritious  than 
"Barley 
rice,  and 
the  country  people  a?e  a 
sturdy,  long-lived  class,  among  whom 
persons  ninety  years  of age are frequent­
ly  found,  while  seventy  and 
eighty 
years  are  usual.  Most  of  the  soldiers 
who  have  been  doing  such  excellent 
in  China  and  Manchuria  are 
service 
from  this  class,  and 
it  would  be  diffi­
cult  to  find  a  more  hardy  and  enduring 
people.

s s

T H E   W H O L E SA L E   GROCER.

Som e  C hanges  W h ich   T w en ty  T ears  H are 

W rou gh t.

in  the 

In  responding  to  your  request  to  saj 
something  relative  to  the  wholesale  gro 
eery  business  of  Michigan  and  particu 
larly  to  that  of  Grand  Rapids,  1  find 
the  subject  so  vast  as  to  preclude  a 
comprehensive  resume 
limited 
space  allotted.  My  personal  connection 
with  this  industry  goes  back  thirty-two 
years  to  a  time  when  there  were  but 
few  wholesale  grocers  in  this  State  and 
the  aggregate  amount  of  business  then 
transacted  was  very  iimited  indeed. 
In 
those  early  days  the wholesale merchants 
of  Michigan  made  semi-annual  visits  to 
New  York  and  other Eastern  markets  in 
order  to  keep  in  touch  with  houses  with 
whom  they  did  business  and  to  make 
purchases  sufficient  for  two,  three,  foui 
and  six  months.  This  became  neces­
sary, for at that time there  were  few  trav­
eling  salesmen  and  no merchandise  bro­
kers,  as  the  latter  adjunct  of  the  grocery 
business  came  into  being  about  twenty- 
five  years  ago,  and  is  now  an  indispen­
sable  factor  in  our trade  relations.  To­
day  the  wholesale  grocer  of  Michigan 
makes  his  purchases  with  much  greater 
convenience.  He 
is  spared  those  long 
periodical  trips,  and  from  his  own  office 
he  now  talks  every  day  with  the  Have- 
meyers,  the  Arbuckies,  the  American 
Tobacco  Company  and  the  Continental 
Tobacco  Company,  and  with  all  the 
great  marts  of  trade  throughout  the 
country,  either  by  telephone  or  through 
his  merchandise  broker. 
In  the  ’6o’s 
and  early 
’70’s  the  wholesale  business 
of  this  State  was  carried  on  at  much 
disadvantage  and  great  inconvenience, 
as  there  were  but  few  railroads  travers­
ing  the  State;  while  to-day  steam  and 
electric  railways  migrate  from  every 
trade  center  and  throughout  the  State 
have  become  a  perfect  network. 
In  that 
early  period  to  which  I allude the whole­
sale  business  of  the  State  was  carried 
on  by  a  few 
independent 
concerns  and  by  such  men  as  John 
Stephens,  Walter  J.  Gould  and  William 
H.  Brace,  of  Detroit;  Bernard  Desen- 
herg,  of  Kalamazoo;  Leonard  H.  Ran­
dall,  Darwin  D.  Cody  and  John  Caul­
field,  of  Grand  Rapids.  These  men 
lead­
were  at  that  time  regarded  as  the 
ing  wholesale  grocery  merchants  in 
the 
State.  They  were  men  of  high  mercan­
tile 
integrity  whose  names  were  a  syn­
onym  for  honesty and fair  dealing ;  and, 
in  referring  to  this  industry  of  our  own 
city,  special  mention  should  be  made  of 
Leonard  H.  Randall, John  Caulfield  and 
Darwin  D.  Cody  as  the  pioneers  who, 
after  having  made  for  themselves 
in 
this  business  ample  fortunes,  retired 
many  years  ago,  each  with  a  career 
worthy  the  highest  emulation.  Our 
early 
labored  under  the 
further  disadvantage  of  doing  business 
at  and  selling  goods  from  a  small  and 
unimportant  place,  not  regarded 
for 
many  years  as  a  trade  center  worthy  of 
mention;  for  the  population  of  Grand 
Rapids  in 
1870  was  but  16,000 and  its 
geographical  location  in  the  then  unde­
veloped  wilds  of  Western Michigan was, 
to  many 
intelligent  people  of  the  East 
and  South,  entirely  unknown.  Capital 
was then  very  limited  and  was  necessa­
rily  tested  to 
its  fullest  endurance  and 
those  engaged  in  wholesale  enterprises 
were  obliged  to  put  forth  most  heroic 
efforts—first  to  secure  and  afterwards 
to  retain 
These 
troubles  and  difficulties  peculiar  to  all 
new  states  and  young  cities  are  well 
nigh  past and overcome ; for Grand Rap­
ids  has  now  a  population  of  100,000

supremacy. 

individual 

jobbers 

local 

local 

Some 

‘ In  the  merchant  and  official  class 
and  the  nobility  the  diet  differs  in  the 
substitution  of  rice  for  barley,  the  use 
of  more  fish  and  the  addition  of  meat  to 
certain  extent.  The  peasants  eat  no 
meat,  because  they  regard  cattle  with 
great  affection  as  their  friends  and help­
ers.  They  would  no  more  think  of  eat- 
ng  the  flesh  of  a  cow  or an  ox,  without 
which  their  farming  would  be  impos­
sible,  than  your  people  would  eat  a  pet 
animal.  This  feeling  may  be  the  result, 
measure,  of  their  Buddistic  reli­
gion,  whose  teachings  are  most  humble.
idea  of  the  small  proportion 
that  flesh  food  bears  to  the  entire  diet 
may  be  gained 
from  the  fact  that  in 
899  the  number  of  cattle  killed  was 
47,000 head.  This  quantity  was  used  by 
about  6,000,000  of  the  people,  the  re­
mainder  of  the  population  of  about  45,- 
000,000  belonging  to  the  peasant  class.
"T h e  peasants  work  in  the  field  from 
sunrise  to  sunset,  but  they  never  seem 
to  be  exhausted  by  their  long  day.  The 
city  workers  at  trades,  the  journeymen
nd  apprentices,  work 
from  6  in  the 
morning  to  9  or  10  p.  m.  They  work  in 
leisurely  manner  than  in  this 
country,however,  stopping  every  hour  or 
two  to  lie  down  for a  smoke.  Their 
pipes  are  so  small  that  they  hold  only 
two  or three  whiffs  of  tobacco,  but  that 
s  sufficient  to  rest  them,  and  the  few 
minutes  of  cheerful  chat  refreshes them. 
They  are  not  as  rugged  as  the  country 
people,  partly  because  of  city  condi­
tions,  and  partly  because  they  eat  more 
rice  than  barley.

more 

they  have 

The  work  of  the  factory  hands  is 
regulated  by  the government.  Their  day 
is  from  eight  to  ten  hours,  including 
me  for  meals.  They  eat  eggs  and  bar­
ley,  as  they  wish.  Wheat 
is  seldom 
eaten  by  the  poorer  classes  in  the  city. 
Sometimes 
it,  but  never 
oftener  than  once  a  week.  The  runners 
eat  about  the  same  diet,  perhaps  with 
a  larger  proportion  of  barley.  That  the 
average  diet  is  well  adapted  to  nourish­
ing  the  whole  body  seems  certain,  from 
the  fact  that  strong  teeth  and  abundant 
hair  are  characteristic  of  all  classes. 
Baldness 
is  a  rarity  and  the  people  re- 
*“ in  their  teeth to  old  age.”

In  advertisement  writing,  as  in  every- 
iing  else,  there  is  one  most  important 
thing—the  genius  covers  it  and  most  of 
the  other  points,  while  the  freak  lays 
such  stress  on  an  unimportant  detail 
that  you  never  see  the  point.

it 

work 
injury  to  no 
contrary,  will  add 
greater  dignity  to  this great  industry, 
which  will  thus  be  enabled  to  contribute 
its  full  share  in  the  development  of  our 
domestic  and  foreign  commerce.

as  contrasted  with  the  advantages  and  recognized  ability, 
facilities  now  possessed  by  the  whole-j one,  but,  on  the
sale  grocers  of  Michigan,  which  repre­
sent  a  most  progressive  civilization. 
Considering  all  these  things,  your  read­
ers  might  well  imagine  that  the  whole­
sale  grocer  of  Michigan  is  to-day enjoy­
ing  a  real  millennium,  but 
is  not 
true;  for  in  the  wholesale  grocery  busi­
ness  here  and  throughout  the  Middle 
States  competition  has  become  so  se­
vere  that  there  is  very  little profit  in  the 
business.  This  condition 
is  the  out­
growth  of  an 
inordinate  desire  to  in­
crease  the  volume  of  business,and  when 
trade 
increased  other 
than  in  a  legitimate  way  it  is  always  at 
the  expense  of  profit.  Competition  is 
not  only  most  acute,  but  it  possesses  so 
many 
illegitimate  phases  that  it  has 
become  abominable when exposed  to  the 
mirror  of  mercantile  integrity;  and  how 
to correct  this  and  other existing  evils, 
maintain  legitimate  competition  and

Sir,  a  close  personal  acquaintance  of 
more  than  twenty  years  enables  me  to 
assure  you  that  you  enjoy  the confidence 
of  the  wholesale  grocers  of  Michigan, 
and  I  have  the  honor  of  presenting  to 
you  their greeting and congratulation  on 
this,  the  thousandth  anniversary  issue  of 
the  Michigan  Tradesman;  and  may  we 
not  hope  that  the  next  twenty  years  may 
be  a  period  of  even  greater  success—a 
success  commensurate  with  your  untir­
ing  efforts 
in  the  management  of  that 
journal  of  commerce  which  has  done  so 
much  to  correct  evils  in  trade,  to elevate 
commercial  life  to  a  higher  plane  and 
to  teach  always  the 
cardinal  prin­
ciples  and  methods  essential  to  a  suc­
cessful  business  career!

is  secured  and 

Samuel  M.  Lemon.

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

We Want Estimates

I  To Figure On

Send  us  the  specifications  of  your  wooden  ^  
boxes,  shooks,  nailed  up  or  lock  cornered  and  we  2  
will  send  you  prices  f.  o.  b.  your  station  that  will  2  
please  you,  workmanship  considered.  The  time  2  
taken  is  money  well  spent.  We  can  save  you  2  
money  and  make  some  ourselves.  We  represent  2  
mills  that  cut  65,000,000  to  75,000,000 
feet  ^  
per year. 

Bids  promptly  made. 
Satisfaction  guaranteed. 

The  National Mercantile Co.
22 Woodbridge St. E., Detroit, Mich. 

2
2
2
2

2

Specifications  returned prom ptly 
No commission charged buyer 

2  
^ 8

^lUiUiUiUttUUiUiUiUiUiUittiUiUiUiUiUiUiUiUiUiUiUiUR

2 3

The
Boss
Arc
Lamp

750  C a n d le   P ow er

A  FEW  REASONS  WHY  I 

AM  BOSS

I am  Boss  because  I  give  more  light 
for less money than any other arc  lamp 
made. 
I am Boss because I am simplic­
ity  itself;  anyone  can  operate  me;  my 
joints are few and I don’t get out of fix. 
I am  Boss  because  I  am  bright, sym­
metrical  in  form  and  beautiful  to  be­
hold. 
I am Boss because 1 can be  used 
anywhere where good light is required. 
I am Boss because 1 am the nearest ap­
proach  to  sunlight  known.  With  my 
aid you can  tell colors. 
I  am  Boss be­
cause I  am  economical,  efficient,  sim­
ple,  powerful  and  invaluable  where 
good light is required.  I  am  Boss  be­
cause  I  will  bring  you  customers  by 
making your store  bright and  cheerful. 
I am what you want,  and  for  sale. 
If 
you  want  to  know  more  about  me, 
write to

Imperial  G as Lamp Q o .

210  E.  KInzie St., Chicago

r Many  merchants  would  like  to  own  a  National 
Cash  Register,  but  they  think  they  can’t  atford  it.

■ 'v

This  idea  is  a l l   w r o n g .
A   National  Cash  Register  is  an  invest­
ment— not  an  expense— a  desirable  invest­
ment, just like  counters,  shelving,  stocks,  etc.
Your  money  will  come  back— come  back 
in  increased  sales,  losses  prevented  and  time 
saved— come  back  just  as  surely  as  though 
invested  in  government bonds.

Don’t  get  the  idea  that  you  can’t  afford 
a  register.  You  can’t  afford  to  be 
without  it.

W e  can  convince  you  if  you  will 

write  us.  Ask  for  booklet  D-79.

NATIONAL  CASH  REG ISTER  CO.

Dayton,  Ohio.

J

MACHINES  FROM  $25  UP.

2 4

W H E A T   B R E A D .

T h e  C heapest  and  B eet  F ood   F o r  M an­

k in d .

Because  of  the  fabulous  fortunes  that 
have  been  made  by  a  few  pioneers  in 
the  manufacture  of  so-called  “ health 
foods,”   a  veritable  craze  for  exploiting 
new  formulas,  or copying,  as  nearly  as 
possible,  the  old  ones,  has  taken  pos­
session  of  the  investing public,and there 
is  no 
lack  of  wily,  oily-tongued  pro­
moters  to  fan  the  flame.

Would  it  not  be  well,  therefore,  to  sit 
down  quietly  and  figure  and  reason  out 
the  probable  result,based  upon  the  facts 
and  the  light  of  experience?

It  is  a  well-known  axiom  that  a  busi­
ness  of  any  kind  built  up  upon  fraud, 
misrepresentation  and 
false  pretense 
can  have  but  one  final  ending.

crushed 

The  people  may be fooled by sophistry 
temporarily,  but 
and  mis-statement 
“ Truth 
to  earth  will  rise 
again"  and  the  flattering  success  of  to­
day,  built  upon 
imposture  and  deceit, 
will  as  surely  be  an  ignominious  failure 
to-morrow.

What are  the  facts  concerning  wheat, 
wheat  flour  and  bread  as  compared  with 
health  foods  and  the  various  breakfast 
food  preparations  now  flooding  the  mar­
ket?

Let  us  examine  Government  experts 
and  scientific,  unbiased  witnesses,  who 
can  and  do  speak  with  authority.

Dr.  Robert C.  Kedzie,late of the Mich­

igan  Agricultural  College,  once  said :

Of  the  products  of  the  soil,  no  single 
material  outranks  wheat  in 
importance 
as  human  food.  From  earliest  times,  it 
was  the  food  of  the  most  powerful  and 
Enlightened  nations  and 
the 
wheat eaters  rule  the  world.

to-day 

The  quantity  of  phosphorus  and  com 
bined  nitrogen  in  the  wheat  gives  it  al 
most  dynamic  power  as  a  storehouse  of 
force.
In  nourishing  quality,  wheat  stands  at 
the  head  o f 
“ Bread 
strengthened  man’s  heart”   and  “ The 
stout-hearted  nations  are  the  bread 
eaters."
While  wheat  forms  a  food  of the high 
est  quality,  it  is  practically  the  cheap 
est.

the  grains. 

Some  novelties 

in  food  to  take  the 
place  of  bread  have  recently  been  intro 
duced  and  persistently  advertised.

They  are  mainly  made  from  wheat 
and  some  are  appetizing  and  whole­
some,  while  others  are  extolled  beyond 
their  merits.

One  fatal  objection  to  these  foods  L  
that  they  cost  too  much  for ordinary 
food  for  stalwart  men.

One  pound  of  flour,  costing  2 #   cents 
equals  in  food  value  any  of  these  prep 
arations,  costing 
15  cents.  The  price 
for  equivalent  food  values  is  more  than 
six  times  too  high.

Dr.  Victor  C.  Vaughan,  of  Michigan 

University,  says:

The  economic  value  of  a food is meas- 
Dfed  by  the  kind  and  amount  of  food 
principles  that  can  be  bought  for  a  unit 
of  money. 
In  this  country,  we  depend 
largely  upon  bread  for  our carbohydrate 
food,  and  we  get  along  with  the  carbo­
hydrate in bread  and a smaller amount  of 
proteid  material.

There 

is  no  bread  substitute  used  in 
this  country  which  supplies  these  food 
principles  in  more  palative  or  nutritive 
form  than  bread.

Bread  substitutes  may  be  used  oc­
casionally  in  order  to  get  variety  of 
taste,  but  it  should  always  be  held  in 
mind  that  wheat  bread  is  the  most  pal­
atable,  most  nutritious  and  most  eco­
nomic form  in  which  we  can  obtain  our 
carbohydrate  food.

Sir Wm.  Crookes,  of  London,  says:
If  bread  fails,  not  only  us,  but  all  the 
bread  eaters  of the  world,  what are  we 
to  do?  We  are  born  bread  eaters.  The 
accummulated  experience  of  civilized 
mankind  has  set  wheat  apart  as  the  fit 
and  proper  food  for  the  development  of 
muscle  and  brains.

able  campaign  of  advertising,  seeking 
to  build  up  their own  business  without 
villifying  pure  flour and  making  mali­
cious  statements  about  other  good foods, 
and,  as  a  rule,  their  foods  have  merit 
and  they  deserve  success;  on  the  other 
hand,  the  villifier  and  maligner  of  pur­
ified  wheat  flour—“ the  cheapest  and 
best  food  under the  sun” —has  nothing 
worthy  of  consideration  to  offer,  hence 
he  must  constantly  seek  new  victims  for 
his  villainous  compounds  under  false 
colors.

I  find 

in  the  United  States  Agricul­

tural  Bulletin,  No.  13 :

loaf 

The  ideal  flour  for  breadmaking 

is 
one  which  contains  a  sufficient  quantity 
of  gluten  to  produce  a  porous  and 
spongy  loaf,  but  not  one  which  permits 
an  excessive  quantity  of  moisture  to  be 
incorporated  in  the 
itself.  When 
the  best  methods  of  breadmaking  are 
followed,  it  can  not  be  said  that  the 
hard  spring  wheats  produce  a  better 
variety  of  bread  than  the  soft  winter 
wheats.  The  excellent  quality  of  French 
bread 
is  an  evidence  of  the  fact  that 
soft  winter  wheats  are  capable,  with 
proper  manipulation,  of  furnishing  the 
highest  grade  of  bread,  for  it  can  not  be 
denied  that  the  very  best  bread 
in  the 
world 
is  made  from  the  soft  winter 
wheats  of  France.

I  find  that  much  of  the  advertising 
done  by  the  self-styled  pure  food  manu­
facturers 
is  willfully  and  maliciously 
false  and,  not  only  so,  but  we  bold  those 
who  willfully  villify  and  malign  pure 
wheat  flour  should  be  held  responsible 
in  a  criminal  court.

These 

false  and  misleading  state­
ments  have  been  the means of taking,  in 
the  aggregate,  thousands  of  dollars  from 
the  pockets  of  a  misguided  public  and 
putting  them 
in  the  pockets  of  food 
iakirs,  who  are  doping  the  people  with 
their  quack  nostrums  at  a  net  profit  to 
themselves  of  from  100  to  500  per  cent.
Such  a  procedure  is  worse  than  high­
way robbery,  because the injury  does  not 
stop  with  the  loss of  money  by  the  pur­
chasers,  but  jeopardizes  the  health  of 
the  community  and  the  State.

If  allowed  to continue  unchecked,  all 
sorts  of  formulas  and  concoctions  will 
be  foisted  upon  the  public,  so  prepared 
as  to  tickle  the  palate  and  create  a 
craving  for  more,  and 
just  as  surely 
and 
insidiously  injure  the  health  of  the 
consumer  as  a  poisonous,  villainous 
igarette.
It 

is  high  time,  therefore,  that  wise 
National 
laws  were  enacted  to  protect 
the innocent purchaser of prepared foods, 
who  has  no  means  of  determining  their 
value  or  contents.  These  laws  should 
provide  a  heavy  penalty  for  violation 
of  the  provision  that  every  package  of 
food  have  printed  thereon  in plain, read­
able  type, a  complete  chemical  analysis 
of  its  contents.  Such  analysis  should 
be  made  by  competent  chemists  in  the 
employ  of  the  Government  and  any  im ­
pure  or  unwholesome 
preparations 
should  be  reported  and  disbarred  by  the 
provisions  of  the  law.

lack  of 

In  summing  up  the  evidence  on  this 
subject,  so  complete  and  convincing,  we 
are  brought  face  to  face  with  the  facts 
that there  is  a  woeful 
intelli­
gence 
in  reference  to  real  food  values 
nd  that  people,  as  a  rule,  are  guided 
n  the  selection  of  food,  not  by  actual 
knowledge  of  what  it  is  worth  or  what 
is  best  for  them,  but in a  haphazard  sort 
of  fashion,  by  , the  sophistry  of  food 
venders  or  by  fancy,  whim  or  caprice.

In  eating,  as  in  every  other  function 
of  life,  our  tastes,  inclinations  and  ap­
petites  should  not  always  be  pampered 
and  fostered,  but  educated  along  right 
lines  of  healthful,  nourishing  diet.  As 
a  people,  we  are  not half  awake  yet  to 
the  importance  of  the  pure  food  and 
proper  food  problem,  and  what  it  means 
to  us  as  a  nation.  We  find  the  agricul­
turists  discussing  and  figuring  out  what 
is  termed  a  balanced  ration  for  their 
live  stock  and  yet  we  hear  but  little 
about  it  for  humanity.
Fortunately,  a  beginning  has  been 
made 
in  our  public 
schools and  doubtless  the  rising  genera­
tion  will  be  better  informed,  but  there 
,s  room  for  vastly 
improved  methods 
and  a  much  more 
insistent,  healthful 
regime  in  the  home.

in  this  direction 

William  N.  Rowe.

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

Prof.  Harry  Snyder  says :
Much  of  the  health  food  literature  of 
the  present  day  will  probably  be  as 
in­
teresting  a  century  from  now  as  the  al­
chemists'  tales  of  two  centuries  ago, 
who  believed  that  the  "e lix ir  of  life”  
was  bidden  away  somewhere  in  the 
grains,and  diligent  efforts  were made by 
them  to  extract  it.  The  claims  made  for 
nearly  all  cereal  health  foods  may  be 
summarized  as  follows :

1.  The  presence  of a  large  amount  of 
nutrients,  variously  called proteids,  glu­
tens,  nitrogenous  compounds,  albumi­
noids,  muscle  and  flesh  forming  com­
pounds,and  occasionally  they  are  called 
life-giving  tissue,  renewing  or  vital 
nutrients.

2.  The  nutrients  are  said  to  be  read­
ily  digested,  partially  cooked,  pre­
digested,  or  given  some  undescribed 
treatment,  which 
is  supposed  to  make 
them  more  valuable  for  food.

3.  A  large  amount  of  phosphates 

is 
claimed  and  the  value  of  phosphates j 
for  brain  and  nerve  energy  is  dwelt 
upon  at  length.

Often  the  way 

in  which  the  wheat

densed  food, ”   “ that  four  heaping tea 
spoons  of  Grape  Nuts  are  sufficient  for 
the  average  m eal,"  and  “ that  the  sys­
tem  will  absorb  a  greater  amount  of 
nourishment  from  one  pound  of  Grape 
Nuts  than 
from  ten  pounds  of  meat, 
wheat,  oats  or bread."

Director  Cbas.  D.  Woods  and  F.  H 
Merrill,  of  the  University  of  Maine, 
give  the  analysis  and  food  value  of 
Grape  Nuts 
in  the  fifteenth  annual  re­
port  of  that  institution.  They  say  it 
would  take  three-fourtbs  of a  package 
of  Grape  Nuts  to  furnish  one-third  of 
the  protein  needed  for  one  day  for : 
man  at  moderate  work.  As to the  nour 
isbment  in  four  heaping  teaspoons,  they 
give  the  following  figures:

Protein.  Fuel Value
Pounds. Calories.

Needed for one-third day 
by a man at moderate
work.............................
Furnished  by four  heap- 
lug  teaspoons,  or  one
ounce of Grape Nuts...
They  also  give  the pound of  protein

1.175

.009

.117

.07

health  foods  are  advertised  is  to  decry 
white  wheat  flour  and  laud  whole  wheat 
preparations.

shown 

Tests,  however,  have 

that 
white  patent  flour  contains  more  avail­
able  nutrients  than  coarser,  granulated 
flours,  such  as  entire  wheat  or  graham.
actually  criminal,  are 
made  maligning  white  wheat  flour,  and 
II  possible  means  are  taken  by  some 
health  food  manufacturers  to  create  a 
prejudice  against  its  use.

Statements, 

None  of  the  wheat  health  foods  are  in 
ny  way  superior  in  nutritive  value  to 
white  bread,  made  from  patent  flours, 
nd  many  of  them  are  inferior  because 
they  are  made  from  wheats  that  will 
not  make  strong  flour.

The  poorer wheats  that  will  not  make 
good  bread  are  commonly  used  for mak­
ing  health  foods.

The  Postum  Cereal  Co.,  Ltd.,  which 
manufactures  Grape  Nuts,  makes  the 
is  “ a  con
preposterous  claim  that  it 

..  .  

Protein
Pounds.

and  fuel  value  of  one  pound  of  Grape 
Nuts  compared  with  ten  pounds of  beef, 
rolled  wheat,  wheat  flour,  rolled  oats 
and  white  bread:
Fuel Value. 
...  „  
Calories. 
1 lb. Grape Nuts....................12
10 lb. Round Steak, includ­
ing bone........................... 
i.9o
10 lb.  Beef  Rump,  includ­
ing bone...........................  1.29
10 lb. Rolled Wheat.........  
1.01
10 lb. Wheat Flour..........   1.31
10 lb. Rolled Oats................ 
l.ro
10 lb. White Bread..................80

1.870
8.960
14 050
17.650 
16.460
19.650 
12.200

While  there  is  no question  that  Grape 
Nuts  is  a  good  cereal  food,  it  is difficult 
to  understand  why  the  manufacturers 
should  make  claims  so  absurd  and  con­
trary  to  facts.

This 

illustration 

is  cited  simply  to 
show  to  what  length  advertisers  will  go 
for  the  sake  of  working  upon  the  sym­
pathies  and  prejudices of the people  and 
shows  conclusively  what  becomes  of  the 
extravagant  and  most  astounding claims 
made  for  the  nostrums,  cereal  fads  and 
bread  substitutes  when  placed  under  the 
searchlight  of  analysis.
At  this  point,  however,  it  would  be 
fair to  state  that  some  manufacturers  of 
health  foods  conduct  a  clean,  honor-

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M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

T H E   B A N K R U PT C Y   L A W .

G ood  and  B ad  F e a tu r es,  A s  V iew ed   by 

a   C redit  M an.

Active  business  men,  however  en­
gaged,  are  at  the  present  time  more  or 
less  familiar  with  the  National  bank­
ruptcy  law,  and  I  might  say  at  the  out­
set  that  with  one  accord  the  entire  com­
mercial  interests  of  America  are  ask­
ing: 
“ What  will  the  United  States 
Senate  do  with  the  National  bankruptcy 
law ?"  As  amended  by  what  is  known 
as  the  Ray  bill,  the 
law  passed  the 
Lower  House  just  before  Congress  ad­
journed  its  last  session.  The  Senate,  a 
deliberate  body,  laid  it  over  until  Con­
gress  should  convene  at  its  next session. 
All  indications  point  to  the  probability
that  the 
law  will  remain  with  us  as 
amended  by  the  Ray  bill  and  that 
it 
will  not  be  repealed.

At  a  recent  meeting  of  the  National 
Association  of  Credit  Men  definite  ac­
tion  was  taken  urging  the  passage of the 
amendments  referred  to  above.  This 
strikes  at  a  correction  of  the  gravest 
defect  of  the  existing  bankruptcy  act 
and  holds  that: 
“ Payments  or  partial 
payments  on  account,  without  intention 
on  the  part  of  the  debtor  to  prefer  or 
acknowledge  on  the  part  of  the  creditor 
that  the  debtor  is  insolvent  or  intended 
to  prefer,  should  not  be  held  as  prefer­
ences. ”  
The  necessity  of  such  an 
amendment  arises  from  decisions  made 
by  courts 
in  suits  brought  under  the 
present law.  One  court  held  that  “ par­
tial  payments  on  account”   made  within 
four  months  previous  to  filing  a  petition 
in  bankruptcy,  although  without  the 
knowledge  on  the  part  of  creditors  re­
ceiving  such  payment  that  the  debtor 
was 
in  a  condition  of  insolvency,  must 
be refunded  before  the  creditor could  be 
allowed  to participate in the estate  of  the 
instivent.  On  the  other  hand,  an  ac­
count  paid 
in  full  during  that  period 
was  upheld.  This  not  only  gave  the 
creditor  who  pushed  his  claim  without 
leniency  an  advantage  but  also  com­
pelled  the  creditor  who  had 
shown 
mercy  to  accept  a  partial  payment  as 
full  settlement  of  the  claim  or  take  his 
chances  that  his  percentage  of  the estate 
would  yield  him  a  larger amount  than 
the  payment  “ on  account"  already 
in 
hand.

This  problem  is  somewhat  difficult  to 
solve  readily  in  all  cases.  The  amend­
ment to this  part  of  the  old  law  is  in  the 
interest  of  justice,  although  some  writ­
ers  contend  that  the  relief  would be tem­
porary  and 
inadequate,  and  that  the 
entire  act  should  be  repealed  in fairness 
to  all  commercial  interests. 
I  am  of  the 
opinion  that  those  who  make  this  con­
tention  have  a  small  axe  to  grind  and 
want  the  mercantile 
interests  of  this 
country  to  turn  the  grindstone.  The 
contention,  to  be  true,  must  be  based 
upon  the  assumption  that  neither  debtor 
nor  creditor  can  or will  be  truthful  un­
der  oath.  My  experience  in  the  admin­
istration  of  credits  leads  me  to  say  that 
intend  to  be 
I  think  men 
truthful 
in 
bankruptcy  would  be  more  particular 
in  the  examination  of  both  debtor  and 
creditor  under  oath,  merchants,  manu­
facturers  and  tradespeople  would  be 
perfectly  willing  to  accept  the  sworn 
statements  of  both  parties  as  to  whether 
perferences  by  way  of  payments  during 
four  months  previous  to  insolvency  had 
been  looked  for or  intended. 
I  am  firm 
in  the  belief  that  “ bona  fide”   settle­
ments  as  above,  where the oath  of  debtor 
or creditor  as  to  preference  is  clear  and 
no  one  interested  has  a  disposition  to 
attack  the  same,  should  stand  as  made.

and  that,  if  the  referees 

in  general 

1  do  believe,  however,  that  the  oath 
should  be  severe  and  all  parties  inter­
ested  should  see  to  it  that  the  examina­
If 
tions  of  debtors  should  be  thorough. 
partial  payments  must  be  refunded 
in 
order  to  participate  with  other  creditors 
in  the  balance  of  the  estate,  then  I  con­
tend  that  full  payments  within 
four 
months  of  bankruptcy  should  also  be 
refunded. 
1  hear  no  one  demand  this, 
neither do  I  think  it  would  meet  with 
general  approval,  as  firms  doing  a  large 
business  would  never  know  “ where  they 
were  at.”
jurist  has  said :  “ The 
bankruptcy 
is  needed  only  in  or 
after  times of  financial  depression,  but 
it  would  not  do  for  this  law  to  be  a  per­
manent  thing. 
It  is  an  immoral  thing 
to  contract debts  to  be  canceled  by  law. 
It  is  an  immoral  thing  for  this  country 
to  have  such  a  law.  This  law  is  all 
right  for  a  year.  After  that  time  it 
should  be  repealed.”

An  eminent 

law 

to 

lives.  After  the  first  shock 
the 
creditors  had  passed  and  they  realized 
an  absolute 
loss  they  much  preferred 
that  the  debtors  be  restored  to  the active 
pursuits  of 
life,  for  many  a  good  man 
has  made  a  success  of  bis  second  under­
taking. 
idea  of  freedom  from 
debt  is  old  and  founded  upon  the  fifty 
year 
jubilee  period  among  God’s  an­
cient  people.

This 

There  is  a  serious  side  to  all  this,  and 
it  needs  careful consideration.  One  man 
loses,  another  gains  and  the  laws  are 
many  and  complex  in  this  world  among 
men  that  work  out  a  re-distribution  of 
what  we  call  “ possession,”   in  the  com­
mercial  pursuits.  During 
the  years 
when  these  laws  were  in  force  the  busi­
ness  men  of  this  country  were  not  as 
powerful  as  now,  credit  was  more  ex­
tended  both  by  the  jobber  and  retailer, 
in  proportion  to the  capital  employed,
| and  failure  was  more  disastrous  to  all 
| parties  concerned. 
The  effect  of  a

I  am  sure  these  words  are  from  one 
who  does  not  comprehend  the  relations 
of  creditor  and  debtor  under our  present 
commercial  system  and  does  not  realize 
as  we  credit  men  do  the  necessity  of  a 
first-class 
law  to  protect  us  against  the 
dishonest  debtor  and  provide 
for  an 
equal  and  just  distribution  of  assets.

The  first  bankruptcy  law  in  this  coun­
try  came  into existence  soon  after  the 
revolutionary  war. 
It  was  enacted  for 
an  existence  of  five  years,  but  it  was  re­
pealed 
in  three.  Next  came  the  act  of 
1841  following  the  panic  of  1837,  which 
was  repealed  in  1842.  Again  in  1867 our 
conditions  seemed  to  warrant  another 
bankruptcy 
it  was 
repealed 
for  various  reasons.  All  of 
these  were  enacted  after  periods  of  par­
ticular  commercial  depression  and  were 
intended  only  to liberate  a  vast  horde  of 
men  who  bad  become  swamped  in finan­
cial  disaster  of  some  sort  and  acknowl­
edged  bankrupts  for the  balance  of their

law,  after  a  time 

law  in 

“ Commerce 

law.  We  are  now 

bankruptcy 
its  primary  action 
would  have  been  disturbing,  not  to  say 
startling,  hence  the  prompt  repeal  of 
in  a 
the  previous 
very  different  age. 
is 
king,' ’ the  capital involved is  immense ; 
and,  while  the  present  law  has  served 
its  usefulness  in  freeing  the 
long-time 
debtor class,the  credit  men  believe  that 
the  law,  by  being  amended from time  to 
time  as  necessity  requires,  can  be  made 
to  demonstrate  that  it  will  provide  for 
an  equitable  and 
just  distribution  of 
assets  and  be  a  protection  against  dis­
honest  men,  who  naturally  get  into  the 
business  affairs  of  life.  We  shall  always 
have  the  dishonest  debtor  with  us,  but, 
fortunately  for the  commercial  interests 
of  this  country,  we  are  in  an  age  when 
the  study  and  administration  of  credits 
is  a  specialty,  and  the  credit  men  of the 
National  Association  see  in  the  present 
law  and  its  amendments  a  great  move­
I  believe
ment  in  the  right  direction. 

that  the  clause 
in  the  law  which  pro­
vides  that  “ a  man  is  a  bankrupt, when 
his  assets,  at  a  fair  valuation,  do  not 
equal  his  liabilities”   should  be  fortified 
so  that  the  valuation  of  his  assets should 
be  determined  by  three  appraisers—one 
appointed  by  the  creditors,  one  by  the 
debtor,  the  third  to  be  chosen  by  the 
two  already  appointed—they  to  fix  the 
value,  using  as  a  basis  what  the  assets 
would  be  worth 
in  the  ordinary  chan­
nels  of  trade  for  which  they  were  made 
and  intended.
One  serious  objection  to  the  law  is 
the  small  fees  allowed  to  attorneys  and 
referees;  and  this  has  not  only  brought 
criticism  by  good  attorneys,  but  at  the 
same  time 
induced  other  attorneys  of 
lesser  magnitude 
to  encourage  bank­
ruptcy  wherever  opportunity  afforded, 
with  the  hope  of accumulating  a  suffi­
cient  amount  of  practice to gain a  liveli­
hood.  The  fees  should  be,  and  I  am 
sure  will  be,  adequate  to  the  recogni­
tion  of  good  attorneys  and  a  long  step 
will  be  taken  toward  clearing  up  the 
cloud  that  now  rests  over the  practice in 
bankruptcy  procedings  when 
lawyers 
advertise  to  “ put  you  through  bank­
ruptcy  for  forty  dollars.”
Another thing  that  makes  the  present 
law  odious 
is  the  ease  with  which  a 
debtor  can  be  discharged  from  bank­
ruptcy.  This  I  regard  as  one  of  the 
greatest  evils  of  the  present  law.  If  this 
could  be  remedied  1  am  sure  we  should 
have  fewer  applications  for  bankruptcy 
and  a less  number of premeditated  plans 
for  fraudulent  dealings. 
In  the  first 
place,  no  man  should  be  discharged  un­
less  bis  assets  are  sufficient  to  pay  costs 
a nd  3 3 M  per cent,  to  bis  creditors. 
In 
the  second  place,  no  man  should  be  dis­
charged 
it  could  be  proved  that  he 
had  used  any  of  his  capital  in  gambling 
at  cards  or  any  game  of  chance.  Such 
men  should  neither  have  any  credit  nor 
be  relieved  of  debt  by  any  process. 
These  restrictions  would  not  be  a  hard­
ship  upon  honest  men  and  would 
strengthen  the  law  and  tend  to  give 
protection  against  the  dishonest,  and  1 
understand  that  law 
is  for  this  exact 
purpose.

if 

if 

The  original 

intention  of  the  bank­
law  heretofore  enacted  was  to 
ruptcy 
free  the  debtor  from  obligations  he  was 
unable  to  pay.  The  features  of  the  law 
were  nearly  all  in  favor  of  the  debtor, 
hence  the  inclination  we  find  to  hasten 
to  take  advantage  of  the  law,  and  these 
conditions  we  know  always  bring  dis­
honest  men  and  their  actions 
into  full 
view,  and  subsequent  disrepute  to  the 
through  which  they 
legal  enactment 
operate.  As  a  credit  man  and  a  mem­
ber  of  the  Association  of  Credit  Men, 
I 
am  willing  to  admit  at  this  time  that 
the  law  as  enacted  in  1898  has in a  great 
measure  outlived  its  usetulness;  but  our 
Association  can  see  all  the good features 
of  the  law  and  can  also  discern  its value 
to  the  credit  woild 
it  remains  as 
amended  by  what  is  known  as  the  Ray 
bill,  and  all  of  which  is  now 
in  the 
hands  of  the  United  States  Senate  for 
final  action.
in  human  nature  is  exer­
_More  faith 
cised  by  the  merchants  and  manufactur­
ers than by  bankers  or any  other  class  of 
men  in  general  business  pursuits.  The 
dishonest  and  the  unfortunate  men  will 
we  ever  have  with  us  and  on  account  of 
them  will  we  always  be blessed  with  the 
credit  man.  He  it  is  who  has  the  power 
to  make  or  unmake  business  and  he 
must  be  guarded  by  good  protective 
and  collection  laws.

is  a  mistake  to  contend  that  the 
bankruptcy  law  unjustly  curtails  credit 
—this  is  not  so;  but  it  does  caution  and 
aid  the  credit  man 
in  placing  credit 
where  it  is  reasonably  safe  from  abuse. 
On  account  of  the  intricate  business sys­
tem  of  this  country  in  the  present age 
which  envelops  manufacturing,  mer­
chandising,  banking,  etc.,  the  credit 
man  is  in  the  ascendency,  and,  one  and 
all,  we  ask  the  United  States  Senate  to 
give  us  the  law  as  amended  and  allow 
us  to  amend  it  again  and  again  until 
its  present  apparent  faults  shall be elim­
inated  and  it  shall  be  worthy of its office 
in  protecting  the  magnificent  business 
enterprises  of  this  Nation.

It 

Lee  M.  Hutchins.

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

2 7

Detroit  Trust  Company

Capital  and  Surplus,  $1,000,000

A C T S   AS

Executor,
Trustee  under w ills,
Adm inistrator,
Guardian,
Receiver,

Etc.,  etc., etc..

Trustee  under  corporation 

mortgages fo r   bond 
issues,

Agent  for management 

o f real and
personal property,  etc.

Pays  Interest  on  Deposits

Write  or call  for 
Terms and  Conditions

Choice  5  Per  Cent.  Bonds  For  Sale

O F F I C E R S  

A lex.  McPherson,  President.

Tbeo.  D .  Buhl,  Tice  Pres.  Henry  Stephens,  Pice Pres. 

Geo.  L.  McPherson,  Treasurer.
Ralph  Stone,  Assistant Secretary.

D I R E C T O R S

Sidney T.  Miller, 
Frank  W. Gilchrist, 
Eldridge  M. Fowler; 
Frank  W.  Eddy, 
Rasmus  Hanson, 
Lucius  Lilley,
Ammi  W.  Wright, 
Theodore D.  Buhl, 
Henry  L.  Kanter,

Jas.  E.  Davidson, 
Fred’k  E.  Driggs, 
Merton  E.  Farr,
Jas. McGregor,
Chas. A. Dean,
Oren  Scotten,
Edwin  C.  Nichols, 
George  Peck,
Edward  H.  Butler,

John  H. Avery, 
Daniel  L. Quirk, 
Henry Stephens, 
James  N.  Wright, 
Elisha'H.  Flinn, 
Henry  P. Baldwin, 
Chester G.  White, 
Alex.  McPherson, 
Chas.  M.  Heald.

A.  P. McPherson,  Pres.

C.  R.  Durand,  Vice Pres.

J.  II.  Russell, Jr., Secy. 
N. L.  Wolff, Treas.

The  Frank  B.  Taylor 

Company

Importers  and  Manufacturers'  Agent«.

Detroit, Mich.,

Nov« 19,  1902«

Dear Mr. Merchant:
You will pardon us for ad­
dressing you in such a familiar 
way, but it is the way we feel, 
then again,  our good friend Stowe 
wouldn’t think we appreciated the 
importance of this issue, unless 
we said something different.
Do you know why this anniver­
sary number is issued on this 
date?  Modesty quite forbids our 
telling you, but— it's the writ­
er’s birthday.  We couldn’t help 
that,  but we can and do help you 
to own Fancy China,  Cut Glass and 
Dolls "Right• "  That's why we  have 
doubled our business this year.
Why shouldn’t we feel glad?
"Mac" is in Germany, not for 
his health, my no, but to pick up 
the best and newest things in 
China and Dolls for next year's 
business.
Perhaps you were not aware of 
the fact that we carry in stock an 
unusually strong line of Valen- 
tines--Box novelties, Lace and 
Comic.  Give us an opportunity of 
showing you our proposition before 
you buy.  If it is not the best 
you have seen,  then buy of "the 
other fellow.”
Our fireworks catalogue will 
be out early in the year.  Drop us 
a card if you are interested, and 
we will be glad to have your name 
on our mailing list.
Thanking you for a record- 
breaking business for 1902, we  are 
yours for MORE business in 1903,
THE FRANK B. TAYLOR COMPANY.

Butler  Building,  No.  84  Griswold  Street

D E T R O I T ,   M I C H I G A N

135  Jefferson  Ave.

Detroit»,  Michigan

28

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

FO RESTR Y   IN   M IC H IG A N.

R eco m m en d a tio n s  and  P la n s  o f th e  State 

C om m ission.

I  do  not  wish  to  magnify  any  careless 
criticism  that  has  been made  or  shall  be 
made  of  the  work  of  the  Michigan  For­
estry  Commission,  but  1  do  wish  to  be 
perfectly  fair  with  everyone  who  makes 
an  honest  criticism,  and  the  Commis­
sion 
is  eminently  desirous  of  utilizing 
every  suggestion  made  in furtherance  of 
the  forestry  movement  in  this  State.

The  Forestry  Commission  was  organ­
ized  under a  statute  created  by  the  Leg­
islature  of  1898  and,  acting  under  what 
it  believed  was 
its  first  duty,  made  a 
very  careful  survey  of  Michigan's  forest 
conditions  from  such  data  as  could  be 
easily  reached  through  the  archives  of 
the  State  and  various  publications  is­
sued  from  time  to  time  giving  accounts 
of  Michigan’s  resources.  The  field  for 
forest  development  in  Southern  Michi­
gan  did  not  appear  to  be  very  promis­
ing  for  immediate  results  which  would 
affect  the  State  as  a  whole;  in  the 
Northern  Peninsula  the  forest  problem 
was so  intermingled with mines,  mining 
enterprises  and  mineral  statutes  that  it 
was  thought  wise  to  defer  any 
investi­
gation  there  until  some steps  of  progress 
should  be  taken 
in  other  parts  of  the 
State.  The  most  promising  field  for 
investigation  and  work,  and  that  which 
seemed  of  the  greatest 
importance  to 
the  State  at  large  because  of  the  volume 
of  its 
land  holdings,  was  the  northern 
part  of  the  Southern  Peninsula.  Here 
located  millions  of  acres  of cut­
were 
over  lands  and 
lands  of  very  doubtful 
agricultural  value  which  belonged  to 
the  State  and  were  evidently  unsalable. 
It  seemed  quite  possible  to  utilize  wide 
areas  for  forestry  purposes  under  an  in­
telligent  forestry  plan and at a minimum 
expense  so  that  a 
large  aggregate  of 
timber  could  be  grown  by  the  State  to 
t?ke  the  place  of  the  marvelous  volume 
of  forest  products  removed  by  the  ag­
gressive  lumbermen.  The  Commission 
was  convinced  from  very  reliable  data 
of  the  fact  that  the  most 
important 
place  to  accomplish  the widest  purposes 
in  forestry  was  at  the  bead  waters  of 
streams.

counties  we 

In  the  vicinity  of  Roscommon  and 
Crawford 
found  what 
seemed  to  us,  because  the  region  was 
at  the  head  waters  of  so  many  streams, 
a  country  admirably  adapted  to 
im­
portant  work  on  the  part  of  the  State  in 
starting  a  far-reaching  plan  of  re-fores­
tation.  Having  this  end  in  view,  the 
Commission  has  gathered  and  spread  as 
much 
information  as  it  possibly  could 
with  reference to  a  plan of establishing a 
State  forest  preserve,  and  has  kept  up  a 
very  general  agitation  of  the  movement 
toward  a  general system of  re-forestation 
that  shall  begin at  the head  waters of the 
streams 
rising  about  Houghton  and 
Higgins  Lakes,  expecting  that  once 
started  the movement  would  spread  over 
a  vast  area  of  non-agricultural  lands 
now  in  the  hands  of  the  State.  We  an­
ticipated,  on  the  part  of  the  taxpayers 
in  parts  of  the  State  remote  from  this 
region,  some  opposition  to  any  plan 
that  would  require  an  appropriation  of 
money.  We  were  prepared  to  meet  such 
opposition  with  facts  and  figures  con­
cerning  the  growth  of  timber  and  the 
value  of  an  investment  in  growing  tim­
ber,  but  we  had  not  anticipated  any 
opposition  from  the  territory 
in  which 
this  suggested work should  be  done.  We 
were  greatly  surprised  and  disappointed 
by  a  very  pronounced  movement on  the 
part  of  residents  in  the  vicinity  of  the 
proposed  forestry  preserve,  which  pic-

tured 
in  newspaper  paragraphs  and 
lengthy  communications to  the  press the 
Forestry  Commission  as  a  set  of  polit­
ical  schemers  playing  into the  hands  of 
large  corporations  and  arranging  a  pre­
serve 
in  which  rich  men’s  sons could 
find  recreation  in  hunting  and  fishing. 
The  Commission  was  accused  of  spend­
ing  the  money  of  the  State  in  the  inter­
ests  of  firms  of  land-grabbers  and  work­
ing  out  a  plan  for  turning  a  vast  and 
valuable  agricultural  area  into  a  howl­
ing  wilderness. 
In  circulars  and  pro­
nouncements  the  members  of  the  Com­
mission  were  denounced  in  unmeasured 
terms  for  recommending  a  plan  that 
would  crowd  out  honest  settlers  and  re­
tard  the  development  of  a  valuable  re­
gion. 
It  was  even  said  that  the  Com­
mission  cared more  about growing a  for­
est  in  the  interest  of a  lot  of  wealthy 
people  who  spend  their  summers  as  re­
sorters  at Houghton  and  Higgins  Lakes 
than  it  did  to  develop  the  natural  re-

we  have  the  figures  with  reference  to 
the  decrease  in  population  and  the  de­
crease  in  the  area  of cultivated  land  for 
a  term  of  years;  we  have  lists  of  the 
abandoned  farms and  the  names  of  the 
inhabitants of  the various townships ;  we 
have  a  record  of  the  rash  statements 
made  by  unscrupulous  men  whose  criti­
cisms  of  the  Forestry  Commission  are 
based  entirely  upon  selfish  considera­
tions  without  any  thought  of  public 
spirit.

Since  the  Forestry  Commission  was 
organized,  nearly  every  section  of  land 
has  been  visited  by  experts  from  the 
United  States  Government  and 
from 
these  records  we  have  a  knowledge  of 
the  quality  of  the  soil  which  covers  this 
vast  area. 
In  connection  with  gather­
ing  these  statistics,  there  were  also  ob 
servations  taken  over a  large  part of this 
region  as  to  the  depth  of  the water  table 
beneath  the  surface  of  the  land,  which 
is  a  most  important  factor  in  the  de­
velopment  of  this  country.  We  know 
from  observation  and  experience  the 
plants  and  forest  trees  that  grow  natur­
ally  and  are  now  growing  throughout

from  their 

sources  of  the  State.  The  plan  of  the 
Forestry  Commission  has  been  pro­
claimed  as  a  scheme  for  increasing  lo­
cal  taxation  by  taking  a  large  amount 
of  domain  from  the  tax  rolls  and  throw­
ing  the  expense  of  local  government 
few  settlers  and,  as  a  result, 
upon  a 
driving  them 
established 
homes  and  out of the country.  The Com­
mission  was  castigated  in  unequivocal 
terms  for  misrepresenting  the  region  as 
one  unfitted  for  agriculture  and  as a 
country  of barren hills  and sandy  plains.
It  is  but  fair to  all  concerned  that  I 
should  say,  from  my  position  on  the 
Commission  that  all  of  these  statements 
are  formulated  without any foundation of 
fact.  In  the  first  place,  the  Commission 
has  access  to  a  larger amount  of  more 
definite  information  with  regard  to  the 
whole  country  upon  which  it  advises  a 
forestry  reserve  to  be  made  than  any 
person  or  set  of  persons  can  possibly 
have  who  are  now  living  in  the  region. 
We  know  the  ownership  of the  land  and 
the  aggregate  of  the  State’s  holdings;

Aside  from  these  unusual 

this  region ;  we  have  the  counsel  of men 
whose  standing  and  character  as  wise 
observers  can  not  be questioned as to  the 
comparative  availability  of  this  region 
for  agricultural  development  and  for 
forestry  purposes.
investiga­
tions  made  by  experts,  the  Forestry 
Commission  itself  has  had  agents  gath­
ering 
information  in  detail  concerning 
the  character  of  the  country,  so  that 
there  has  been  no  statement  given  out 
by  the  Commission  which  has  not  been 
based  upon  a  wide  range  of  facts  thor­
oughly  and  carefully  digested.  Our 
conclusions  in  the  interests  of  the  State 
in  favor  of  the  es­
have  been  strongly 
tablishment  of  a  permanent 
forestry 
preserve  which  shall  cover  a  consider­
able  territory  tributary  to  these  two 
great  inland  lakes  at^tbe  head  waters  of 
the  Muskegon  River.  We  are  not  un­
mindful  of  the  thoughtful  suggestion 
that,  perhaps,  large areas  can be utilized 
advantageously 
in  the  raising  of  stock. 
Time  and  careful  experimentation  can 
alone  tell  whether  this  business  can 
be  made  profitable  on  these  lands.  But 
forestry  carried  on  in  the  interest  of  the

State  and  the  growing  of  cattle  carried 
on"  in  the  interest  of  a  man  or a  set of 
men  can  never  be  prosecuted  success­
fully  on  the  same  area  of  land.  It  is  not 
fair,  in  the  interest  of  truth  and  the 
successful  development  of  this  country ; 
that  any  plan  of  cattle  raising  should  be 
based  upon the  ownership  of  a  compara­
tively  limited  area  of  land  and  the  util­
ization  of  a  much  larger  area  of  State 
lands  without  any  rental  paid  to  the 
State  for  the  use  of  such  lands. 
In  the 
development  of  our  forestry  plan,  as  far 
as  it  has  been  outlined,  every  present 
resident  of  the  region  will  be  benefited : 
First,  by  quickly  and  definitely  decid­
ing  the  area  that  is  available  for  agri­
culture  and  that  which  should  be  placed 
under  forest  cover.  Second,  the furnish­
ing  of  remunerative  occupation  for  the 
actual  settlers.  Third,  increasing,  by 
proper  advertisement and  advantageous 
methods,  the  resort  business  of  the  re­
gion  and,  by  this  method,  carrying  into 
it  a 
large  amount  of  money  to  be  dis­
tributed  among  the  people  who  can 
furnish  the  products  and  labor  and  con­
veniences  the  resorter  desires. 
Fourth, 
by  protecting  adequately  the  entire  re­
gion  from  the  terrible  visitation  of  for­
est fires.  Fifth,  through  enforcement  of 
State  law,  compelling  men  who  are  now 
a  disgrace  to the  country to  stop stealing 
timber  and  get  their  living  by  honest 
means  or  leave  the  country.

Chas.  W.  Garfield.

from 

Aside 

these  considerations, 
which  should  appeal  strongly  to  the 
people  of  the  vicinity, 
the  Forestry 
Commission  has  two 
larger  objects  in 
view :  First, the  presenting  of  an  intel­
ligent  system  of  forestry  as  an  effective 
object 
lesson  for  the  entire  State  and, 
by  means  of  it,  inducing  men  and  cor­
porations  to  increase  the  area  of  wood­
land  in  the  State  for  their  own  financial 
benefit  and,  incidentally,  for the  bene­
fit  of  the  commonwealth.  Second,  the 
development  of a  growing  forest  belong­
ing  to  the  State  that  shall,  under  an  in­
telligent  system  such  as  has  been  pros­
ecuted  successfully 
in  other  countries, 
give  employment  to  a  large  number of 
people  and  create  a  steadily  increasing 
income  for  the  State  which  shall  go  on 
forever.

The  members  of  the  Forestry  Com­
mission  are  men 
liable  to  error.  We 
will  be  very  glad  to  be  convinced  that 
our  ideas  are  mistaken  ones  if  we  have 
been  misled.  We  try  to  be  honest  men 
and  try  to  meet  every  opportunity  as 
public-spirited  citizens  to  increase  the 
value  and  standing  of the State  of  Mich­
igan  as  a  locality  in  which  to  found  a 
home.  We  have  tried  to  give  the  most 
accurate 
information  from  the  most  re­
liable  sources  and  we  have  based  our 
recommendations  upon  facts  and  not 
fancies.  We have  not  thought  of  playing 
into  the  hands  of  any  class of politicians 
and  we  shall  not  be  frightened  by  any 
statements  or assertions  made  by  selfish 
men,  by  scheming  office  holders  or  sub­
sidized  newspapers.  We  shall  strive  to 
make  the  Michigan  Legislature  under­
stand  our  point  of  view  and  adopt  it. 
We  will  rejoice  to  see  the  State  take  the 
poor,  thin 
lands  which  are  now  used  as 
trading  stock  by  conscienceless  traders 
in  tax  titles,  and  place  them  perman­
ently  and  with  unquestionable  title 
in 
the  possession  of  the  State.  Then  we 
like  to  see  them  developed  and 
would 
maintained  under  a  rational  forestry 
system 
in  the 
interest  of  the  whole 
State  and  for the  benefit  of  every citizen 
therein.  We  have  no  debts  to  pay  ex­
cept  the  great  one  to  the  State  for  the 
privilege  of 
living  in  connection  with 
its  unpaiaileled  resources  and  its benefi­
cent government.  We  have  no  friends 
to  favor  and  no  enemies  to  placate.  We 
shall,  as  near  as  we  know  how,  make 
to  the  Legislature  a  clear  and  concise 
statement  of  the  conditions  we  have 
found,  the  hopes  we  entertain  and  the 
recommendations we  desire  to  have  con­
sidered.  We  shall  rely  upon  its  wisdom 
to  enact  proper  laws  and  crystallize  the 
proper  plan  for  solving  this  most  im­
portant  problem  in  our  State,  knowing 
that  by  this  means  we  shall  be  mak­
ing  steps of  progress  towards  the  main­
tenance  of  our  high  standing  as  a  State 
of  marvelous  resources  among  the  great 
states  of  the  Middle  West.

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

2 9

Geo. H. Reeder & Co.

Wholesale  Dealers  in

Boots,  Shoes and  Rubbers

28  and  30  S.  Ionia  St., 

Grand  Rapids,  Mich.

Our line of

Men’s Welt  Shoes
at $2.00, $2.25 and $2.50 

are unexcelled.

Our  Spring  Line  embodies  the  features  most  essential 

to  the  successful  retailer.  An  examination 

will  convince  the  most  skeptical.

Our  salesmen  have  it  now  on  the  road  and  will  be 

pleased  to  show  you  its  many  good  features.

Be sure and see our 

line of

Women’s Shoes

It will pay you.

Don’t  Forget

We  are  headquarters  for  Lycoming  and  Keystone

Rubbers

Full  line  Lumbermen’s  Socks  and  Felt  Boots.

3 0

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

T H E   W O M AN  O F  M YSTERY.

T h e  C alm   and  C n ex p ressiv e  D u m m y   F or 

C lo th in g .

You  have  seen  her  very,  very  often, 
and  yet  you  scarcely recognize  her  when 
you  meet.  She  is  always  quiet,  beauti­
ful  and  well  dressed,  but  you  never 
think  of  wondering  who  she 
is.  Often 
is  seen  on  the  street,  the  most 
as  she 
impertinent 
loafer  never  tries  to  flirt 
with  her.  She  stares  at  you  and  you 
less  of  her  for  that. 
never  think  the 
She  still 
looks  as  young  as  when  she 
first  put  on  a  cloak.  She 
in 
a  hurry  and  never  in  a  crowd  and  never 
changes  her  residence  except  to  go  to 
the  hospital.

is  never 

Who  is  she?  Nobody  knows.
What  will  become  of  her?  Nobody 

cares.

is 

She  is  a  woman  of  mystery.
She 

like  the  heroine  of  one  of 
Wilde's  plays—" A   Woman  of  No  Im­
portance."  She 
is  a  sphinx  without 
a  secret.  She  is  one  of  a  large  and  in­
fluential  family  of  pronounced  brunettes 
and  decided  blondes,  and  yet  she  al­
ways  seems  unutterably  lonely.

Oh, it was pitiful!
In a whole city full

Friends she had none.

I  had 

long  admired  her  secretly  and 
at  last  I  determined  to  find  out  her  his­
tory.  Despite  her  virtuous  aspect,  I 
suspected  that  she  was  a  woman  with 
a  past.  Desperate  at  her  coolness,  1 
made  up  my  mind  to  ferret  out  her 
secret  and  expose  her  to  the  world.  Her 
eyes  had  fascinated  me.

Staring so blindly.
Dreadfully staring,
Fixed on futurity.

*  

•  

*

Her  form  is  Junoesque,  she  has  pretty 
arms  and  delicate  bands,  but  as  for 
nether  limbs  the  less  said  the  better. 
She  is  not fond  of exercise,  however,and 
it does  not  so  much  matter.  She  has  no 
brains  to  speak  of,  but  then  the  clever­
est  girls  do  not  always  get  married—it 
is  a  woman's  first  duty  to  be  beautiful. 
And,  best  of  all,  she  seldom  talks!

Who  is  this  paragon?
Who  is  the  fair,  the  chaste,  the  unex- 

pressive  "Sh e?’ ’

Only  a  dummy,  a  wax  figure 

in  the 
dry  goods  store  window,  a  glorified 
doll.  But  she 
is  a  Native  Daughter,  i 
and  here  is  the  story  of  her  life :

She  was  born  in  a  dingy  loft  on  Mis­
sion  street,  of  poor  but  artistic  parents. 
From  this  Bohemian  atmosphere  she 
was  plunged  into the  fashionable  shop­
ping  world  at  a  tender  age  and  now 
she,  in  her swell  garments,  has no  doubt 
forgotten  the  amusing  life  she 
in 
her  native  garret.  But  her  father,  the 
"w ax  m an,"  has  told  me  all  about  her 
infancy.

led 

directly 

It  is  only  a  few  years  since  all  the 
shop  windows  were  populated  with  wax 
figures  made 
in  France  or  New  York, 
but  now  we  are  able  to  patronize  home 
industry  and  get  blondes  and  brunettes 
to  suit  any  taste  as  low  as  $65  apiece.
It  will  not  be  doubted  that  they  are 
even  better than  imported  figures  when 
is  known  that  many  of  them  are 
it 
modeled 
California 
women.  The  wax  artist  who 
is  the 
creator  of  our  dummy  universe  has 
modeled  from  life  in  many  of  the  prin­
cipal  cities  of  the  United  States  and  he 
asserts  that  no  other town  can  boast  of 
such  finely  formed  women  as  the  San 
Franciscans. 
Indeed,  so  nearly  of  the 
idea]  figure  are  they  that  many  women 
who go down  to  this  shop  to  have  forms 
modeled  for their  dressmaking  find  that 
the  stock  he  carries  will  provide  them 
with  as  correct  a  model  as  one  manu­

from 

factured  to  order  to fit  their  own  dress 
linings.

The  wax  man belongs,  one  might  say, 
the  realistic  and  the  romantic 
to  both 
schools.  Many  of his creations are copies 
of  actresses  or  lesser  known  models, 
while  others  have  been  the  product  of 
his  own  fancy.  He  haB  at  present  the 
molds  for  over  a  hundred  heads;  hut  do 
not  think  that,  therefore,  be  can  only 
turn  out  a  hundred  different  finished 
figures.  He  mixes  features  on  his  pal­
ette  as  an  artist  mixes  paint.

Take  the  head  he  calls  "T h e  Em ­
press,"  for  instance.  Upon  that  cra­
nium  he  may  plant  black,  brown  or yel­
low  hair and  insert  into the  sockets  eyes 
of  harmonizing  hues.  The  brows  may 
be  arched or  straight  and level,  the  com­
plexion  may  be  olive  or delicately  rosy. 
"T h e  Em press"  passes under  his  hands 
through  a  dozen  variations, 
like  an 
actress  made  up  for different  parts.  The 
head  of  "T h e  Englishman,"  too,  may 
be  similarly  altered  and  amended.  Now 
he  has  red  hair  and  a  close  curling 
mustache;  now  he  has  a  black  wig  and 
a  full beard.  A bead  under the  hands  of 
the  wax  man  is  as  plastic  as  a  clay  vase 
on  a  potter’s  wheel.

But 

let  us  trace  Miss  Dummy's  life 

history  in  detail:

This 

liquid 

She  was  not,  like  us,  made  of  dust, 
but  of  simon-pure  beeswax,  imported 
in  bricks  bleached  as 
from  Germany 
white  as  the  driven  snow. 
is 
melted  and  colored  to  a  flesh  tint  while 
in 
form.  Meanwhile  Miss 
Dummy’s  head  has  been  modeled  in 
clay,  from  which  a  mold  has  been 
Into  this  mold  Miss  Dummy  is 
made. 
poured  after  the  wax 
is  of  the  exact 
temperature. 
is  too  hot.  Miss 
Dummy  will  crack  as  she  cools;  if  it  is 
too  cold,  Miss  Dummy  will  be  full  of 
I  am  sure  that  several  girls  I 
bubbles. 
know  were  poured 
into  their  molds 
while 
cold.  Miss 
they  were 
too 
Dummy's  beauty  is.like  most  women’s, 
only  skin  deep,  but  then  her  skin  is  al­
most  an 
inch  thick—perhaps  that  ac­
counts  for  her  extremely  good  looks.

If 

it 

When  she  emerges  from  the  mold  and 
has  bad  her  seams  scraped  off  and  pol­
ished  our  little  friend  has  her  eye-holes 
cut  with  a  carving  knife  and  her  eye­
balls  inserted. and  stuck  in.  Her  eyes 
are  made 
in  Germany  and  are  really 
about  two  sizes  larger  than  they  would 
be  were  she  alive;  but  then  she  is,  as 
has  often  been  remarked,  twice  as  beau­
tiful  as  she  would  be  if  she  could  talk. 
Glass  eyes  come  in  assorted  packages, 
by  the  hundred,  and  are  made  in  every 
known  shade,  at  50  cents  a  pair.  Most 
wax  figures  are  equipped  with  the  goo- 
goo  brand. 
If  you  buy  the  same  orbs 
cut  a  little  differently,  you  may  pay  as 
high  as  $10 a  pair  for  them  at  the  op­
tician's.  Miss  Dummy  s  eyeballs,  you 
have  noticed,  are  carefully  put  in  so 
that  she  is  neither  wall  nor crosseyed,  a 
delicate  operation,  as  any  oculist  will 
tell  you.
Miss  Dummy  is  a $65 beauty,  but  for 
only  $2  more  she  could  have  a set of real 
human  teeth  inserted—to  smile  with,  of 
course,  for these  ladies  have  small  ap­
petites.

As  yet  she 

is  painfully  pale  and 
scandalously  bald,  but  a 
little  visit  to 
her  beauty  doctor,  a  course  of  treat­
ment,  makes  her  more  presentable.
The  wax  man decides  upon  her
peculiar  style  of  beauty  and  marks  the 
hair 
lines  on  her  head.  She  is  then  at 
the  mercy  of  the  "stick e r."  One  by 
implanted  all  over  her 
one,  hairs  are 
skull,  in  her  brows  and  eyelids. 
It  is  a 
painful  and tedious  operation. 
The
"sticker’ ’  holds  a  switch  of  hair  in  one 
hand  and  a  little  notched  needle  in  the 
other. 
the
doubled  hair pushed in.  The  hairs  of
our  bead,  it 
is  said,  are  all  numbered. 
Some 
idea  of  the  number  may  be  had 
from  the  fact  that  it  takes  at  least  a  day 
to  place  a  full  wig  on  Miss  Dummy’s 
head,  As  she  was  made  to order,  to

is  pricked  and 

A  hole 

suit  a  particular  customer,  no one  kind 
of  hair  in  stock  would  do,  and  so  the 
hirsute  artist  had  to  mix  two  shades  to­
gether,  lemon  and  vanilla,  on  a  carding 
brush,  until  the  exact  shade  was  ob­
tained.  Her  eyebrows,  long  and  deli­
cately  curved,  have  now  been  planted. 
Her  brows  are  sown,  her  wig  almost 
ready  to  be  harvested  in  a  Psyche  knot. 
Pompadour or  whatever  coiffure  the sea­
son  affects.  But  first—let  us  whisper  it 
—she  must  be  painted,  her  lips  tinted, 
and  the  foundations  laid  for  her  im­
mortal  youth.  See!  She 
is  all  but 
blushing 
already  under  the  artist’s 
brush!

lady  wax 

Now  her  hair  is  combed,  brushed  and 
coiled  and  she  sits  proudly  on  her  neck 
and  bust,  patiently  awaiting  a  body 
with  a  full set  of arms  and a skirt.  Legs, 
alas,  are  denied 
forms,  no 
doubt  because  of  the  scruples  of  mock 
modesty—women’s  rights  have  not  yet 
come  to  dummy 
land.  Her  trunk  is 
made  of  papier  mache  and,  with  her 
birdcage  skirt  of  wire,  stands  on  an 
iron  pedestal  supported  by  a  rod  that 
answers  for  a  backbone.  By  the  simple 
turning  of  a  set  screw  she  may  be  made 
tali  or  short—it  is  a  pity  that  this  can 
not  be  done  in  real  life.  At  a  ball,  for 
instance,  one  might  be  easily  adjusted 
to fit  any  partner  who  might  offer.

So  much  for  Miss  Dummy,  who  is 
now  finished  and  ready  to  be  sold 
into 
the  perpetual  slavery  of the  shop  win­
dow. 
In  time  the  sun  will  bleach  and 
fade  or  discolor  her  and  she  will  have 
to  be  taken  back  to  Mission  street  to  be 
treated;  but,  although  she  may  turn  the 
color  of  death,  she  never  looks  a  day 
older  than  when  she  put  on  her  first 
skirt. 
She  has  beautifully  graceful 
hands,  her  arms  are  jointed,  her  head 
will  turn  to  and  fro  at  the  will  of  the 
dresser  of  the  shcp  window.

Miss  Dummy  and  her  sisters  are  now 
125  or  212  in  the  wax 
known  as  No. 
man's  list;  but  some  have  especial  des­
ignations  beside.  One 
is  "M rs.  S .,"  
having  been  modeled  from  a  matron  of 
the  town,  one 
is  "T h e  Creole"  and 
others are  famous  personages.  The  wax 
man  asserts  that  the  most  beautiful  of 
all  the  female  figures  known  is  no  other 
than  a  representation  of  Martha  Wash­
ington  in  her  younger  days—now  con­
demned  to  wear  an  $8.39  suit  in  full 
view  of  the  audience !

The  wax  man  has  other  patrons  than 
the  dry  goods  dealers,  for occasionally 
a  customer  comes  with  a  queer errand. 
There  was  the  wife  of a  night-worker 
who  bad  to  be  alone  in  the  house  every 
evening  and who,to frighten off burglars, 
purchased  the  wax  figure  of  a  fierce- 
looking  man  to  place  in  the  window— 
unfortunately,  however,  bis  continual 
presence  in  the  lighted  room  caused  un­
favorable  comment  and  the  lady  had  to 
resort  to  other  means  of  protection.  An 
important  part  of  his  business,  too,  is 
the  modeling  of  special  characters  for 
window  displays  on  the  occasion  of cel­
ebrations  in  town,  Buch  as  a  Damon  and 
Pythias  group  for  the Knights of Pythias 
Carnival,  miners  and  Indians  for  the 
Native  Sons,  and  soon.  Fanciful groups 
are  always  being  ordered.  These  figures 
are  usually  leased  for  a  month  or so  and 
later  are  returned  to  have  new  eyebrows 
or  whiskers  and  milder  complexions 
and,  differently  clad,  become  reincar­
nated  as fashionable gentlemen in ready­
made  clothes.

One  of  the  most  attractive  advertise­
ments  ever conceived  was  gotten  up  by 
the  wax  man  in  Dallas,  Texas.  He  took 
as  bis  models  five  of  the  prettiest  sales­
women 
in  a  department  store,  and 
copied  them  with  such  perfection  that 
the  shop  window  was  the  talk  of  the 
town,  and  during  their  leisure  hours 
the  model  girls  could  not  be  torn  away 
from  the  contemplation  of  their own  fig­
ures.

Mr.  Dummy,  the  numerous  brother of 
our  pretty  heroine,  has  a  slightly  differ­
ent  construction,  being  blessed  with 
padded  and  jointed  legs.  His  skeleton 
:s  of  wood,  bolted  and  binged  with  cup 
and  ball  joints,  the  whole being  laid out 
on 
lines.  Mr. 
Dummy 
invariably  5  feet  10  inches 
in  height.  He  has  not  that adaptability 
which  the  set  screw  and  iron  rod  gives 
to  his accommodating  sister.  His  form

strictly 
is 

anatomical 

instead  of  being  of  rigid 
is  padded 
papier  mache. 
In  bis  early  stages  he 
illustrates  how  "fearfully  and  wonder­
fully"  we  are  made  and  bis  casual  at­
titudes  while  awaiting  bis  muscles  of 
excelsior  are  not  always  dignified.

Some  of  them 

"T h e  proper  study  of  mankind 

is 
m an,"  the  wax  man  quoted,  with  a 
twinkle  of  the  eye,  when  I  entered  to 
enquire  the  history  of  Miss  Dummy; 
"and  in  the  department  of  beauty  there 
are  as  many  different  opinions  as  there 
are  customers. 
like 
blondes  and  some  of  them  brunettes, 
but  copper  is  the  prevailing  shade  in 
hair  at  present. 
1  have  just  filled  an 
order for  a  dozen  red-headed  gills  to­
day.  Some  milliners  will  come  in  here 
and  turn  up  their  noses  at  heads that the 
customer following will  rave over.  About 
five  years 
in  a  good  strong  light  is  the 
average  life  of  a  wax  figure.  Yes,  they 
dye  young,  as  you  might  say,  although 
1  believe  that  since  I  came  to town 
there  is  a  slight  increase  in  longevity. 
But  it  is  easy  enough  to  retouch  them 
when  they 
fade—any  woman  knows 
that. 
is  when  they  sink  in  with  the 
heat  that  they  require  careful  attention 
and 
fill  out  the 
plumpness.  No,  I  do  not  name  them, 
particularly,  but  I  think  I could  tell  one 
of  my  own  family  anywhere,  although  I 
have  thousands  who  call  me  father. 
I 
have  to  supervise  it  all  myself  and  do  a 
good  part  of  it  alone. 
I  have  to  be 
artist,  sculptor,  painter,  caster,  chemist, 
hairdresser,  carpenter,  upholsterer,  iron­
worker and  beauty  doctor  all  rolled  into 
one,  for  we  do  everything  here,  includ­
ing  spinning  the  brass  tops  for  those 
pinhead  dummies.  The  hardest  part  of 
it  is  to get  help.  There  is  no  wax  work­
ers'  union, and  I  have  to  break  in  every 
girl  I  employ. 
I  could  keep  twenty  at 
work,  if  I  could  get  them,  as  well  as 
ten.

careful  nursing  to 

It 

" I   used  to  run an anatomical museum.
I  modeled  myself  and  showed  it  all over 
the  Union,  but  I  never  exhibited  such  a 
curiosity  as  a  woman  who  came  in  here 
last  week  for  a  papier  mache  form  to 
If  you  will  be­
fit  her own  dresses  on. 
lieve 
line  was  not  big 
enough  to  go  around  her  hips—she 
measured  just  sixty-seven  inches!"

it,  the  tape 

It  would  be  bard  to  say  whether  this 
old  Mission  street  loft  should  be  called 
a'Studio,  carpenter  shop,  laboratory  or 
dissecting  room.  The tables and benches 
are  strewn  with  arms,  legs  and  bands 
and  there  is  a  staring  audience  of  beads 
in  all  stages  of  completion,  from  the 
rare  ones  with  half-boiled  eyes  to  the 
well-done  ones  with  browned  hair.  On 
the  floor 
is  a  charnel-house  of  skulls, 
the  plaster  casts  of  the  wax  man’s 
many  models.  Human  hair  of  twenty 
different  colors  fills  the  drawers  and 
boxes  of  eyes  gaze  in  a  million  direc­
tions  at  once.  At  the  work  table  are  a 
group  of  girls  who  might  at  first  sight 
be  taken  for  ghouls  or  devils  dismem­
bering  human  bodies.  One,  holding  a 
decapitated  head,  plunges  a  knife 
into 
the  eye  socket  and  mercilessly  cuts  a 
round  hole.  With  a  sweet  smile  she 
heats  an  iron  red  hot  and  sears  the  in 
side  of  the  skull  and  then  places  the 
glass  ball 
in  the  aperture.  But  the 
process  is  constructive,  not  destructive. 
It 
looks  like  the  kinetoscope  picture 
of  a  dissecting  room  scene  run  back­
wards.  The  gentle 
lady  plunging  the 
needle  again  and  again  into  the  poor 
finishes  with  her 
defenseless  bead 
pleased  victim  cured  forever  of  bald­
ness.  The  shop 
is  not  a  noisy  place 
and  when  all  the  workers  are  busy 
it  is 
hard  sometimes  to  tell  which  are  alive 
and  which  are  images. 
It  is  a  giant's 
doll  shop.  You  expect  every  moment 
to  see  an  immense  band  thrust  through 
the  window  to  snatch  a  waxen  toy.

So  everybody  knows  Miss  Dummy’s 
secret  now.  She  need  not  give  us  the 
glassy  eye  from  under  her  fashionable 
bat—it  is  no  use  for  her  to  keep  up  her 
pose  of  haughty  indifference.  But  no 
heart  beats  in  her  papier  mache  bosom 
and  we  will  not  hurt  her  feelings  even 
when  she  finds  that  we  have  known  her 
when  she  had  no  hair and  but  an  incip­
ient  complexion.  Perhaps  it  is  well  to 
let fascinating  women  keep  their  secrets 
and  be  mysterious  after  a ll!

Justin  Sturgis.

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

31

Judson Grocer Company

Grand  Rapids,  Michigan

Capital  Stock,  $200,000

ORSON  A.  B A L L

H EM A N   G.  B ARLO W

W IL LA R D   B A R N H A R T

W ILLIA M  JU DSO N

C H A R L E S   E.  O L N E Y

H A R R Y   T.  STAN TO N

B Y R O N   S.  D A V EN P O R T

P E T E R   L A N K E S T E R

The  Largest  and  Strongest  Wholesale  Grocery  Establishment  in  Michigan

3 2

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

T E A   CULTURE.

Its  G row th  and  P rep a ra tio n  F o r th e   M ar­

k et.

There  is,  perhaps,  no  article  of  com­
merce  that  has  received  the  universal 
recognition  of  the  nations  of  the  world 
as  tea,  and  it  may  be  interesting  to  the 
readers  of  the  Tradesman  to  know  some 
of  the  peculiarities  of  the  product  that 
has  introduced 
itself  into  almost  every 
household.

The  vast  empire  of  China  is  devoted 
almost  entirely  to 
its  production  and 
India  of  recent  years  has  developed  the 
growth  of  tea  to  such  an  extent  that  she 
justly  be  regarded  as  a  rival  of 
may 
China. 
Japan,  also,  has  rapidity  de­
veloped  as  a  tea  growing  nation  and 
Ceylon,  Assam  and  even  America  have 
turned  their  attention  to the  cultivation 
of  the  plant  within 
the  past  half 
century.

What  is  tea?
Tea  derives 
its  name  from  “ tseba, ”  
ch'a, "   “ tbea, ”   and  finally  “ tai,”  
from  which  we  have  the  English  word 
tea,  originally  taken  from  the  Greek 
word  “ Oex,”   meaning  “ a  goddess.”

Lo  Yu,  a  Chinese  philosopher  living 
under the  dynasty  of  Tang  in6i8 A.  D., 
says  of  it:  “ Tea  tempers  the  spirits, 
it  harmonizes  the  mind,  dispels  lassi­
tude,  relieves  fatigue,  awakens  thoughts 
and  clears  the  perceptive  faculties.”  

Chin  Nung,  another celebrated author, 
says:  “ Tea 
is  better  than  wine  for  it 
leadeth  not  to  intoxication,  neither doth 
it  make  a  man  say  foolish  things."

In  the  early  ages of  the  Christian  Era 
tea  was  looked  upon  by  men of  learning 
as  an  expensive  luxury  and  was  recom­
mended  by  the  most  eminent physicians 
as  an  antidote  to  certain  ailments. 
Thomas  Garway.of  London,  was the first 
European  to 
introduce  tea  as  a  bever­
age,  and  I  here  quote  a  handbill  which 
was  posted  on  the  walls  of  the  British 
Museum  in  the  year  1660:

there  on 

‘ ' Tea  is generally brought from China, 
growing 
little  shrubs,  the 
branches  whereof  are  garnished  with 
white  flowers  of  the  bigness  and  fashion 
of  sweet  briar,  but  smell  unlike,  and 
being  green 
leaves  of  the  bigness  of 
myrtle  or  sumac,  which 
leaves  are 
gathered  every  day,  the  best  being gath­
ered  by  virgins  who  are  destined  for 
the  work,  the  said  leaves  being  of  such 
known  virtues  that  those  nations famous 
for  antiquity,  knowledge  and  wisdom 
do  frequently  sell  it  among  themselves 
for twice its  weight in silver, and  it  bath 
been  used  only as a  regalia in high treat­
ments and entertainments, presents being 
made  thereof  to  grandees."

Also  this :
‘ ‘ Making  the  body  active  and  lusty, 
helping  the  headache,  giddiness  and 
heaviness, 
removing  the  difficulty  of 
breathing,  clearing  the  sight,  banishing 
lassitude,  strengthening 
the  stomach, 
causing  good  appetite  and  digestion, 
banishing  heavy  dreams,  easing  the 
frame,  strengthening  the  memory  and, 
finally,  preventing  consumption,  par­
ticularly  when  drank  with  m ilk.”

We  need  not  go  into the  minutia  of 
the  origin  and  development  of  tea, 
suffice  to  say 
it  has  been  drunk  as  a 
beverage  by  Europeans  since  the  begin­
ning  of  the  sixteenth  century.  There 
is  a  diversity  of  opinion  as  to  the  time 
when  tea  was  first  discovered,  it  being 
claimed  by  some  to  have  been  in  use  in 
China 
long  anterior  to  the  Christian 
Era,  it  having  been  mentioned  in  Sao 
Pao,  published  in  2700  B.  C.  One  emi­
nent  writer  claims that  it  was  cultivated 
in  2000  B.C.  almost  as 
and  classified 
completely  as  it 
is  to-day.  Confucius

admonishes  his  followers:  “ Be  cour­
teous  to  all,  even  to  the  stranger  from 
foreign  lands. 
If  he  say  unto  thee  that 
be  thirsteth  give  him  a  cup  of  warm  tea 
without  money  and  without  price.”  
Nothing  definite  is  known  of  tea  until 
the  fourth  century  of  the  Christian  Era, 
but  China 
is  the  original  country  of 
tea;  that  the  plant  is  native  and  indig­
enous  to  that  country 
is  beyond  ques­
tion.  Father  De  Rhodes,  a  Jesuit  mis­
sionary  to  China 
in  1633,  says  that  he 
found 
it  an  instantaneous  relief  for the 
headache  and,  when  compelled  to sit  up 
all  night bearing confessions, that its use 
saved  him  from  drowsiness  and  fatigue.
The  first  knowledge  that  we  have  of 
tea  being  introduced  into Europe is  that 
of  the  Dutch  East  India  Co.  bringing 
to Amsterdam,  in the  year  1600,  a  cargo 
of tea, which  they  took  from  the  Chinese 
in  exchange  for  sage.  The second notice 
is  that  of the  same  company importing  a 
cargo of  4,718  pounds  into  London,  in

the  year  1668, which  gradually  increased 
1720,  fifty-two  years  later,  the 
until,  in 
into  London  during  that 
importation 
year  was  upwards  of 
238,000,000 
pounds,  which  was  controlled  entirely 
by  the  East  India  Co.

So  we  see  that  trusts  are  not  of  recent 
is  a  notice  that  ap­
origin,  for  here 
peared 
in  a  London  newspaper  in  De­
cember,  1680,  by  Thomas  Eagle,  of  the 
Kings-Head  Coffee  House, St.  James:

‘ ‘ This  is  to  give  notice  to  persons  of 
quality  that  a  small  parcel  of  most ex­
cellent  tea  has  by  accident  fallen  into 
the  hands  of a  private  person  to be sold; 
but,  that  none  may be disappointed,  the 
lowest  price is  30 shillings  in  the pound, 
and  not  any  to  be  sold  under a  pound 
in  weight,  the  persons  of  quality  being 
requested  to  bring  a  convenient  box  to 
hold  it.”

Tea  was  first  introduced  into  America 
from  England  in  1711.  After  that  com­
modity  bad  gained  for  America  her  in­

dependence  the  first  ship  to  sail  to 
China  for tea  under the  American  flag 
left  New  York 
in  the  spring  of  1784. 
In  the  following  year two  more  vessels 
were  despatched,  bringing  back  880,000 
pounds.  During  1786-7 five  other  ships 
were  detailed  to  China,'returning  with 
over  1,000,000  pounds.  Thus  the  traffic 
has  progressed  unto  its  present  gigantic 
proportions.

When  we  think  of the  vast importance 
of  this  one  little  factor  in  the  commer­
cial  world 
in  the  development  and 
progress  of this  great  nation,  when  we 
stop  to  consider  the  important  part  it 
played 
in  the  bringing  into  existence 
one  of the  greatest  nations  of  the  earth, 
we  may  justly  give  it  consideration.

The  Boston  Tea  Party  of  1773  was the 
promulgator of  this  nation.  The climax 
came  when  the  British  government 
im­
posed  a  tax  of 3 pence  per  pound  on tea. 
Think  of  it—the  birth  of  the  greatest 
nation  of  modern  times  due  to a 3 penny

tax  on  tea!  All  are  familiar  with  the 
subsequent  events  to the  day  when  the 
little  band  of  patriotic  Americans  went 
on  board  the  ships  in  the  Boston Harbor 
and  opened 
the  chests  and  emptied 
their  contents  into  the sea.  Following 
that  memorable  day  of  November,  1773, 
the  little  band  of  determined  citizens 
started  from  the  old  South  Church  in 
Boston  to demonstrate  to the  British em­
pire  that  all  men  are  born  equal  and 
that  taxation  without  representation  is 
tyranny ;  and  to  the  Mohawks,  as  they 
styled  themselves,  can  be  accredited 
the  results  of  Lexington  and  Concord, 
Valley  Forge  and  Yorktown,  and  the 
advent  of  the 
infant  country  that  was 
to  be  one  among  the  great nations of  the 
world.

Were  we  to  watch  the  process  through 
which  tea  passes,  in  its  preparation  for 
consumption,  we  should  be  surprised  at 
its  cheapness,  and 
it  is  only  that  the 
wages  in  the  tea-producing countries are

extremely  low,  being  only  from  4  to  8 
cents  per  day,  that this  can  be  accom­
plished,  hence  it  is  that other  countries 
can  not  compete  with  China  and  Japan 
in  its  production.  Then,  again,  tea  can 
not  be  grown  successfully  in  a  climate 
where  the  mercury  falls  below  20 deg. 
Fahrenheit.  This  is  why  the  experi­
ments  made  in  so  many  countries  have 
proved  a  failure.  Tea  cultivation  is  the 
most  successful  in  a  humid  atmosphere. 
The  annual  rainfall  in  China  and  Japan 
averages  from  80  to  100  inches,  while 
that of  the  United  States  rarely averages 
over  50.

There  are  three  pickings  in  the  sea­
son,  the  first  being  known  as  ‘ ‘ shon 
chuen,”   or  early  spring,  occurring 
about  the  middle  of  April,  called  head 
tea,  the  most  delicate  and  tender  leaves 
and  buds 
just  expanding.  The-quan­
tity  is  limited,  hut  the  quality  superb, 
the  very  finest  teas  on  the  market  being 
prepared  from  them.  Such  care  is  taken 
to  procure  its  excellence  that  for  weeks 
before  the  picking  season  the  pickers, 
who  have  been  previously  trained,  are 
prohibited 
from  eating  fish  or  other 
food  considered  unclean  lest their breath 
should  taint  the 
leaves.  The  second 
picking  occurs  about  the  end  of  May  or 
beginning  of  June  and 
is  termed  ‘ ‘ el 
chuen,”   which  means ‘ ‘ great quantity,”  
from its  being  the  largest  picking  of  the 
season  and  the  principal  one  exported. 
The 
‘ ‘ san  chuen,”   or  third  crop,  is 
gathered  in  July.  The  leaf  of  this  crop 
is  much 
less  aromatic  and  is  used  for 
blending  purposes,  chiefly  to  reduce  the 
cost  of  the  higher grades.  A  few leaves 
of the  first  crop  will  stand  from  four  to 
five  infusions,  while  of  the  others  rarely 
over one.  There 
is  a  fourth  picking, 
which  is  retained  for  home consumption 
among  the  poorer classes  of Chinese,  the 
leaf  being  coarse,  tough  and  irregular 
in  style  and  of  little  value.

There  is  so  much  to be  said  regarding 
the  mode  of  picking,  drying,  ferment­
ing,  firing,  packing  and  exporting  that 
I  shall  defer  that  until  another  time.  In 
conclusion  I  want  to  state  that  Professor 
J.  O.  Sheppard,  whom  the  Government 
employed  some  few  years  ago to develop 
the  already  experimental  gardens  in  or 
near  Summerville,  South  Carolina,  has 
met  with  such  pronounced  success  that 
upwards  of  1,200  pounds  of  a  choice 
variety  of  black  tea  was  produced  last 
year  that  sold  on  the  market  for $1  per 
pound,  at  an  estimated  cost  of  59 cents 
per  pound  to  produce.  The  future  for 
the  cultivation  of  tea 
in  the  United 
States  is  merely  a  conjecture.

Algernon  E.  White.

T h e   O ccu p atio n   o f Jo s e p h .

In  a  down-town Sunday school the  first 
day  of  this  week,  one  of  the  teachers 
read  to  her  small  pupils  the  story  of 
Joseph,  of  the 
time  when  there  was  a 
famine  in  the  land,  and  all  of  the  peo­
ple  flocked  into  Egypt  for  grain.  The 
tale  told  of  how  “ Joseph  opened  all  of 
the  storehouses and  sold  unto the Egypt­
ians, "   and of the  coming  of Jacob's  ten 
sons  with  the  rest  to  buy  corn.  The 
reading  concluded,  the teacher  indulged 
in  some  questions  with  the  idea  of  test­
ing  the  Biblical  knowledge  acquired  by 
the  young  hopefuls.
"Now   John,  tell  me  who  this  Joseph 
was  of  whom  we  have  been  reading. 
Who  was  this  kindly  man  who  endeav­
ored  to  relieve  the  distress  of  the  peo­
ple?" 

H

John’s  face  was  a  total  blank  for  a 
moment,  so  far  as  answering  the 
inter­
rogatory  was  concerned.  Then  he  burst 
in  boyish  knowledge, 
out,  triumphant 
and  shouted:
in  a  grocery 
store!”

‘ ‘Joseph  was  a  clerk 

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

3 3

W hen  M r. C.  G .  A .  V oig t

JyO

Who  for more  than  a  quarter  of  a  century  has  enjoyed  the 
reputation  of  making  the  best  flour  (Voigt’s  Crescent)  at  a 
price as low as it’s possible for any mill in the world  to  pro­
duce—puts  out a brand of  health  food bearing  his  name  and 
endorsement,  you  can  bet  all  you’re  worth  that  it  will  be 
good. 
If  it  isn’t  better than  any other it’s because a perfect 
combination of experience, capital, the best wheat and modern 
mill  can’t  make  it  so.  We  can’t  afford  to  produce  any  but 
the  best,  that’s  all there is to it. 
In  the  flour  making  busi­
ness  Mr.  Voigt and his associates have  followed the principle 
that  “ quality will tell,”   and  they today enjoy the distinction 
of being the largest merchant millers in  Michigan.

C re a m
F la k e s

Are the result of careful  study,  a perfectly equipped mill and 
a  desire  to  give  our  friends  and  customers  something  in  a 
health  food  better  than  has  yet  been  made.  We’ve done it. 
Cream  Flakes are really fine.  You’ll  like them.
Voigt C ereal Food C o.,  L td .,  Grand Rapids,  Mich.

W rite  to

F o ley  &   Co.,

Chicago

C K y s j

X

The State Bank of Michigan  |

Has no twenty year  record—having  been  in business but ten years.  It has

Capital, 
Surplus, 
Deposits, 
Real  Estate, 

$  150,000 

100,000
2,300,000 
none

President,  Daniel  McCoy

Vice  President,  Edward  Lowe

Cashier,  M.  H.  Sorrick

D IR EC TO RS

E.  H.  Foote 
S.  B.  Jenks 
W.  H.  Jones 
Daniel  McCoy 
C.  C.  Follmer

Jas.  K.  Johnston 
Edward  Lowe 
M.  H.  Sorrick 
Benjamin  Wolf 
E.  A.  Stowe

3 4

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

T H E   M AN  W H O   D E C ID E S.

Success  N ot  N e cessa rily   a   M atter  o f   L o­

c a lity .

There  has  never  been  advice more  ac­
curately  and  determinedly  followed than 
that  of  the  great  editor  when  he  said, 
“ Go  West,  young  man,  go  West.”   A p­
pealed  to,  importuned  beyond  all  en­
job  on  the  paper  that 
durance  for  a 
made  American 
journalism  famous,  to 
get  rid  of  the  young  man  that  was 
hounding  him  to  the  verge  of  madness 
he  gave  expression  to  unsettled  young 
manhood  for  all  coming  time  and  went 
on  with his  work.

Consciously  or  unconsciously  he  di­
vided  all  starters-out-for-themselves  in­
to  two  great  classes—the  provided  for 
and  the  unprovided  for.  He  knew  from 
his  own  experience 
in  the  little  New 
Hampshire  town  that  with  the  chances 
at  home  all  taken  there  would  be  noth­
ing  to  keep  busy  the  idle  and  restless 
hands  ready  and eager  to  go  to work and 
he 
unceremoniously 
hustled  them  out  of  his  office,  anywhere 
and  everywhere  to  get  them  off out of 
his  way.

promptly 

and 

there 
is  brain  enough  on  the  doorstep 
to see  it  and  make the  most  of  it.  “ Why 
not  turn  these  walnut  trees 
into  fine 
furniture?”   said  Grand  Rapids  some 
years  ago,  and  without  a  word  she  went 
to  work  and  made  this  growing  dot  on 
the  map  of  Western  Michigan the Mecca 
for  the  furniture  men  of  the  world. 
It 
is  the  old  story  of  Mahomet  and  the 
mountain  reversed.  Grand  Rapids  told 
the  mountain  to  come  to  her  and  it 
came.

Here 

is  another  instance  right  here 
at  home  and  time  and  occasion  give 
is 
point  to  the  moral  presented.  This 
the  thousandth  edition  of  this  paper. 
It 
It  began  literally 
is  a  home  product. 
with  nothing. 
is  a  trade  paper and 
everybody  said  there  was  no  need  of 
any  such  paper,  no  call  for  it,and  if  un­
dertaken  it  would  be  only  another in  the 
long 
list  of  failures.  What  a  splendid 
opportunity  that  was  for  that young man 
to  Go  West!  How  the  spirit  of  the

It 

question  of  East  or  West,  but  it  is  one 
of  unit  and  will  to  back  it  that settles 
the  matter,  and  a  good  place  for that  to 
show  itself  is  in one’s  own  backyard.

There  may  be  something  well  worth 
considering 
in  the  feasibility  of  never 
getting  out  of  sight  of the  home  chim­
ney.  There 
is  something  worth  seeing 
beyond  one’s  own  sky  rim  and  it  is  a 
good  thing  to  see 
it,  but  when  it  is 
affirmed  that  the  place  for  a  young  man 
is  West  or  East  there  comes  the  counter 
statement  that  success  is  not  necessarily 
a  matter of  locality. 
It  is  the  man  that 
decides  that, and  he  can  settle that  ques­
tion  in  his  own  dooryard.  Sir  Launfa) 
found  the  Holy  Grail  at  his  own  door 
after  years  of  wearisome  wandering, 
and  the  same  Sir  Knight  of  the  twenti­
eth  century  will,  if  he  is  wise,  consider 
carefully  the  possibilities  of  his 
imme­
diate  surroundings  before  seeking  un­
certainty  in  a  remote  unknown.

Reuben  M.  Streeter.

It  was  easy  advice  to  give.  On  gen­
eral principles  be was sure of bis ground. 
To  the  appealing  face  before  him  he 
knew  that  the  distance  which  lends  en­
chantment  to  the  view  would  be  sure  to 
hold 
in  the  far-off  somewhere  a  place 
where  a  young  man  who  “ has  to"  can 
earn  some  kind  of  a  living.  He  knew 
that,  once  there  alone,  homeless  and 
friendless,  it  would  be  simply  a  ques­
tion  not  of  the  survival  of  the  fittest, 
but of  existence  itself,  and  that,  if  the 
man  was  equal  to  the  emergency,  right 
there  the  momentous question  would  be 
settled.  So  the  irascible  Horace 
in  a 
fit  of  leniency  sent  the  young  man  West 
instead  of  to  the  other  place  he  had  in 
mind  and  the  Middle  West  to-day,  the 
rapidly  growing  center  of  the  Western 
world,  owes  some  of  its  brightest  and 
wisest  brain  and  brawn  which,  thus 
urged,  followed  the  westward 
leading 
star.

It  is  to  be  observed,  however,  that  op­
portunity 
is  not  limited  to  somewhere 
else.  That  uncertain  somewhere  by  no 
means  has  a  certain 
job.  Approached 
by  the  not  quite  sure,  it  is  far  more  un­
promising  than  the  place 
left  behind 
and  both  places 
if  properly  grappled 
with  will,  nine  times  out  of  ten,  give 
up  what  thby  at first refused.  So Greeley 
wandered  from  home  to  New  York  to 
find  something  to  grapple  with,  exactly 
as  Ben  Franklin  left  Boston  to  fight  his 
way  into  fortune  and  fame  and  everlast­
ing  remembrance in the City  of  Brother­
ly  Love.

To  the 

looker-on 

it  does  seem  as  if 
the  going  away  from  home  had  some­
thing  to  do  with  the  success that  follows 
It  possibly  does,  but  not  much. 
it. 
There 
is  considerable  to  be  said  about 
circumstances  and  they  unquestionably 
play  their  part,  but 
it  is  the  unit that 
grasps  the  circumstances  and  makes 
them  servants  of  its  will  that  does the 
business  for the  man  whose  temples  are 
to  be 
laurel-wreathed.  Chance  may 
have  bad  something  to  do  with  uncov­
ering  the  Pennsylvania  coal  beds  and  if 
Sutter  had  never  built  his  sawmill  in 
the  California  valley  the  gold  hidden 
there  might  not  yet  have  been  found, 
but  it  is  not  that  sort  of  thing  that  dou­
bles  the  number  of  grass  blades,  that 
turns the  wilderness  into  a  garden  and  a 
swamp 
into  a  celery  bed.  These  are 
jobs  that  require  no  traveling  to  find. 
They  are  at  our  very  doors,  and  right 
there  at  our very  doors  is  the  success  we 
long  for  and  pray  for  and  can  have  if

prairies  called  to  him  and  pleaded  with 
him  to  come  where  there  was  room  and 
the  world  was  kind.  How  the  city 
scowled  at  him  and  burned  up  his  first 
attempt  and  told  him  to  get  out,  and 
how  he  would  not  go!  There  was  no 
need,  be  thought,  of  going  away  to  fight 
a  battle that  must  be  fought  somewhere. 
Here  wasithe  place  for  that,  and  with 
energy  and  strength  unimpaired  by 
travel  he  would  take  and  give  such 
blows  as  time  and  occasion  demanded. 
There 
is  no  need  of  entering  minutely 
into  details.  The  Tradesman's  readers 
are  familiar  with  the  story.  From  the 
ashes  sprang  the  house  on  Louis  street 
and  to-day  in  the  very  heart  of  Grand 
Rapids,  where  there  was  no  need  of and 
no  chance  for  a  trade  paper to  live,  the 
Tradesman,  one  of  the  thriftiest  trade 
papers 
is  published 
and  holds  weekly  converse  with  its  con­
increasing  circle  of  delighted 
stantly 
readers. 
It  was  not  and  it  rarely  is  a

the  country, 

in 

One  of  our customers  in  Michigan ex­
ecuted  a  trust  mortgage  in  favor  of  the 
large  jobbing  house, 
credit  men  of  a 
agreeing 
in  the 
instrument  to  make  a 
payment  of  a  certain  amount  each  week 
or  month,  as  the  case  happened  to  be, 
and  the  trustee  was  to  distribute  the 
amount  so  paid  pro  rata  among  the 
creditors,  the  trust  deed  being  drawn  to 
cover  all  the  creditors.  The  debtor also 
arranged  so  that  he  would  pay  5  per 
cent, 
in  other  words, 
through  the  trust  mortgage  be  contem­
plated  paying 
100  cents  on  the  dollar 
and  5  per  cent,  interest.  We  filed  our 
claim  of $96  with  the  trustee,  whom  we 
knew  fairly  well  and dropped  the  matter 
from  our  minds. 
In  the  course  of  a 
month  we  received  a  letter  from hn  at­
torney  in  our city  stating that  the  settle­
ment  under the trust  mortgage  would  be 
a 
long-drawn-out  affair,  and  the  out­
look  somewhat  problematical,  and  that

interest,  or, 

some  friends  of  the  debtor  had  gotten 
together and  were  willing  to  put  up  the 
money  to  bring  about a  compromise  set­
tlement,  and  enable  the  debtor  to  get 
rid  of  his  debts  and  resume  business. 
The  letter  seemed  to  show  such  famil­
iarity  with  the  trust  mortgage  and  the 
condition  of  the  debtor’s  affairs,  and 
besides 
indicated  that  the  attorney  was 
in  fact  authorized  by  the  debtor  to  take 
the  maater  up  with  the  creditors.

I  happened  to  be  out  of  the  city at the 
time,  and  the  attorney  was  notified  that 
the  matter  would  be  laid  over  fifteen  or 
twenty days  until  my  return.  He seemed 
anxious  to  close  the  matter  up,  how­
ever,  and  telephoned  us  that  he  would 
give  45  cents  on  the  dollar.  When  the 
writer  returned  to  the  city  the  clerk  was 
instructed  to  notify  him  that  we  would 
settle  the  account  50  cents  on  the dollar, 
naturally  assuming  that  the  proposition 
was  a  general  one  to  creditors.  Now 
there  is  where  we  made  our  mistake; 
we  should  have  written  the  trustee  re­
garding  the  matter  and  had  him  put 
himself  on  record,but  everything  looked 
as  though  the  attorney  was  simply  act­
ing  with  the  trustee  or  with  the  debtor. 
The  attorney  accepted  our  proposition, 
and  we  assigned  our claim  to  him  upon 
receipt  of  50  per  cent.  The  same  tactics 
were  employed  successfully  with  other 
creditors,  but  some  refused  to  join  in 
the  matter  of  a  compromise.

These  facts  only  developed  about  a 
month 
later  when  the  debtor  called  at 
our  piaceof  business  to  buy  some  goods 
and  wanted  a  little  time  on  them. 
I 
suggested  to  him  that  he  would  have  to 
pay  cash,  as  we  had  lost  50  per cent, 
on  the  old  account.  The  debtor  was  ac­
companied by his  wife,and  both  of  them 
expressed  a  good  deal  of  surprise.  I  got 
out  my  papers  and  explained  the  facts 
to  them,  and  they  in  turn  surprised  me 
by  stating  that  they  did  not  know  the 
attorney 
in  question;  that  be  bad  no 
authority  from  them  to  compromise  any 
claims,  and  further,  that  they  had  been 
making their weekly or monthly payment 
to  the  trustee  with  the  idea  that  the  dis­
tribution  was  being  made  to  the  cred­
itors  and  that  eventually  they  would pay 
100  per cent,  and  interest  at 5 per  cent.

We  took  the  matter  up with  the trustee 
and  he  disclaimed  any  knowledge of the 
attorney's  action  in  the  matter,  but  ad­
mitted that  several  claims had been com­
promised  by  the  creditors  and  assigned 
to  the  attorney.  The 
letter  written  us 
by  the  attorney 
in  question  certainly 
misrepresented  the  facts,  and  the  point 
we  have  not  yet  satisfied  ourselves about 
is  where  be  got  his  information  about 
the  trust  mortgage  and  the  creditors, 
and  at  whose  suggestion  be  undertook 
to  settle  claims  in  the  apparent  interest 
of  the  debtor  without  any  knowledge  on 
the  part  of  the  debtor.

The  moral  of  all  this  is :  To  beware 
of  any  propositions  or  compromises  un­
less  made  you  through  the  proper  chan­
nel.

We 

lost  50  per  cent,  of  our  claim  in 
this  instance  by  not  taking  that  precau­
tion.

All  those  who  minister  to  man’s  ali- 
mentiveness,  all  who  are  engaged 
in 
the  preparation  or  dispensing  of  food, 
are  rendering  a  service  of  the  highest 
and  most  fundamental  importance to  the 
welfare  of  the  human  race—E.  A.  Stev­
ens.

The  man  who  thinks  he  has  got  his 
business  to  a  point  where 
it­
self”   is  living  in  a  fool’s  paradise.  A 
business  left  to  run  itself  can  reach  but 
one  end,  and  that  is,  the  ground.

it  “ runs 

*0CO

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3 6

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

TRUST  C O M PA N IE S.

N u m erou s  A v en u e s  o f   U se fu ln e ss  O pen 

to   T h em .

in 

There 

trust  companies 

is  a  very  general  misconcep­
tion  of  the  nature  of  the  business  of  a 
trust  company.  It  is a  comparatively  re­
cent  kind  of  financial  institution.  There 
have  been 
the 
larger  cities  of  the  East  for many  years, 
but  it  is  within  only  the  past  few  years 
that  they  have  been  organized  in  the 
Middle  West  and  the  West.  Now  there 
is  at  least  one  trust  company  in  nearly 
every  town  of 
100,000  inhabitants  and 
upwards  and  people  are  just  beginning 
to  learn  what  they  are  and  what  kind  of 
business  they  transact.

This 

lack  of  understanding  among 
people  generally  respecting 
the  true 
function  of  a  trust  company  is  not  to  be 
the 
wondered  at,  perhaps,  because 
name  “ trust  company”   in  different 
lo­
calities  does  not  mean  exactly  the  same 
kind  of  an  institution.

that 

lands 

financial 

issued  debentures, 

Not  many  years  ago  there  were  in 
Kansas,  Nebraska,  the  Dakotas, 
Iowa 
and  other  states  in  the  Mississippi  Val­
ley  a  number  of 
concerns 
which  confined  their  business almost  en­
tirely  to  the  making  of  loans  secured  by 
mortgages  upon  farm 
in  those 
States.  This  was  when  the  rate  of  in­
terest  was  very  high,  8,  10 and  12  per 
cent,  and  upwards.  These 
institutions 
called  themselves  “ trust  companies," 
and 
is,  their 
own  promissory  notes,  at  a  fair  rate  of 
interest,  secured  by  these  farm  mort­
gages.  When  the  boom  in  Western  farm 
lands  collapsed  and  poor crops  added  to 
the  distress  of  the  farmers  these  trust 
companies,  so-called,  could  not  collect 
the  interest  on  their  mortgages.  They 
could  not,  therefore,  pay 
interest  on 
their  debentures  and  failure  was  the  in­
evitable  result.  Their  debentures  had 
been  sold  throughout  the  country,  and 
largely  in  the  East,  and  for  a  long  time 
thereafter  the  name  “ trust  company" 
was  a  synonym  for  everything  reckless, 
injudicious  and  wild  in  finance.  Legit­
imate trust  companies,  especially  in  the 
Middle  West,  have  been  busy  for  the 
past  fifteen  or  more  years  living  down, 
or  rather  overcoming,  this  prejudice.

financial 

Then  there  is  nowadays  another  kind 
of 
institution  which  does  a 
mixed  business  of  banking  and  purely 
trust  business,  and  the  banking  over­
shadows  the  trust  features.  These  con 
cerns  are  located  principally in the large 
cities  of  the  country.  They  do  an 
im­
mensely  profitable  business,  discount 
commercial  paper,  buy  and  sell  ex­
change,  take  commercial  and  savings 
deposits  subject  to  check  and  perform 
all  of  the  ordinary  functions  of  a  bank. 
With  but 
little  proportionate  increase 
in  their  office  force  they  are  able,  also, 
to  handle  the  business  that  properly  be­
longs  to  a  trust  company  at  a  minimum 
of  expense  and  out  of  the  profits  of  the 
trust  department  pay  a 
large  part  of, 
and 
in  many  cases  more  than,  the  ex­
pense  of  operating the entire institution. 
That  is  one  reason  why  the  trust  com­
panies  in  New  York,  Chicago,  Philadel­
phia,  St.  Louis  and  other 
large  cities 
are  able  to  return  such  large  dividends 
to  their  stockholders, some  of  them  30, 
40 and  50  per  cent.

There  are,  therefore,  some  financial 
institutions  calling 
themselves  trust 
companies  which  are  principally  banks 
and 
incidentally  trust  companies  and 
others  which  are  principally  title  guar­
antee  and  abstract  companies  and  in­
cidentally  trust  companies.  The  char­
acter  of  business  which  gives  the  trust 
company 
its  name,  however,  is  that  of

acting  in  a  trust  or  fiduciary  capacity. 
It  necessarily  includes  a  little  of  bank­
ing,  but  only  what  is  incidental  to  the 
trust  business.  Without  giving  a  tech­
nically  and  legally  accurate  definition, 
a  “ trust,"  in  the  sense 
in  which  we 
are  considering  it,  may  be  described  as 
a  duty 
imposed  upon  a  person  to  care 
for  and  manage  property  or  perform 
any  other  service  for  others. 
In  the 
popular sense  in  which  we  use  the  term 
daily  in  the  office,  it  is  the  estate  which 
is  being  looked  after  and  managed.  For 
instance,  if  we  should  enquire,“ Out  of 
what  trust  should  this  bill  for  papering 
and  painting  be  paid?"  we  would  un­
derstand  the  word  “ trust"  to  refer  to 
the  estate—the Brown  estate  or the  Jones 
estate,  as  the  case  might  be.  Trusts 
may  be  created  by  persons,  during  their 
lifetime,  and  by  corporations,  by  deed 
or  private  agreement,  by  will  and  by 
courts.  Manifestly  the  person  who,  or 1 
the  corporation  which,  is  appointed  to

execute  or carry  out or perform the terms 
of  a  trust,  no  matter  how  created,  is  the 
“ trustee."

I  will  enumerate  the  more  common 
trustees,  all  of  them  capacities  in  which 
trust  companies  in  Michigan  and  in 
most  other  states  are  authorized  by  law 
to  act:

1.  Executor.
2.  Trustee  under  wills.
3.  Administrator.
4.  Guardian.
5.  Assignee.
6.  Receiver.
7.  Trustee  under the bankruptcy law.
8.  Trustee  under  corporation  mort­

gages,  securing  issues  of  bonds.

9.  Depositary  of  stocks  and  bonds 
during  reorganizations  of  corporations.
10.  Registrar.
It.  Transfer  agent.
12.  Trustee  in  escrow.
13.  Trustee  for  management  of  real 
and  personal  property  under  deed  or 
private  agreement  with 
individuals  or 
corporations.
14-  Trustee  to  receive,  manage,  care

for and  pay  out  funds  and  property  for 
any 
lawful  purpose  by  appointment  of 
any  court.
15.  Depositary  of trust  or  individual 
moneys.
16.  Receive  property  on  safe  de­

posit  for  storage.

17.  Act  as  surety  on  bonds.
18.  Guarantee  titles  to  real  estate.
iq.  Manager  of  sinking  funds 

corporations  or  municipalities.

for

Incidental  to  ail  of  these  kinds  of 
business  is  the  power to  loan money and 
to  buy  and  sell  securities,  although 
in 
Michigan  the  power  to  loan  is  limited 
to  loans  upon  real  estate  and  collateral 
security.

Within  the  limits  of  a  brief article,  I 
can  do  no  more  than  explain  in  a  very 
general  way  the  duties  of  each  one  of 
the  kinds  of  “ trustees"  and  trust  rela­
tions  which  1  have  enumerated :

An  executor 

is  one  who  executes  or 

carries  out  the  provisions  of  a  will.

A  trustee  under a  will  is  one  who  is

named  by the terms of the will to perform 
a  certain  trust,  generally  with  reference 
to  property. 
It  is  in  this  capacity  that 
trust  companies  are  more  serviceable 
than  individuals  and  are  more  general­
ly  utilized.  A  trust  under  a  will  gen­
erally  provides  for  the  conversion  of 
property  into  money  and  the  investment 
of  the  proceeds  and  the  payment  of  the 
net  income  to  or  for the  benefit of  minor 
children,  or  the  wife  of  the  deceased,  or 
their  relatives,  or  charitable 
institu­
tions,  or  for  any  purpose  whatsoever. 
Sometimes  the  beneficiaries  are 
intem­
perate,  profligate, 
spendthrifts,  and 
sometimes  the  property  is placed in trust 
in  this  way  to  protect  a  daughter  from  a 
designing  or spendthrift husband.  Trust 
companies  are  used  in  this  connection 
because  they  are  impartial  and  not  sub­
ject  to  family  influences  as  individuals 
are 
likely  to  be  The  trust  company 
appointed  trustee  will  also  remain  as 
such  during  the  entire  term  of  the  trust, 
because  it  has  a corporate  existence  and

does  not  die,  and  the  estate  will  not  be 
subject  to  the  confusion  and  loss  very 
likely  to  result from a change in trustees.
An  administrator  is  one  who  is  ap­
pointed  by  the  Probate  Court  to  settle 
an  estate  where  there  is  no  will.

A  guardian 

insane  persons, 
spendthrifts, 

is  one  who  is  appointed 
by  a  court  to  take  charge  of  the  prop 
erty,  and  sometimes  the  person,  of 
incompetent 
minors, 
persons, 
inebriates  and 
others  subject  by  law  to  guardianship.
An  assignee  is  one  appointed  to  con­
vert,  in  the  method  provided  by  statute, 
the  property  of  insolvent  persons  and 
corporations  into  money  for  the  purpose 
of  paying  the  debts.

A  receiver  is  similar  to  an  assignee 
and  is  appointed  to  wind  up  the  affairs 
of  insolvent  persons  or  corporations  and 
has  such  powers  as  the  court  gives  it  by 
the  order  appointing  it.  Receivers  very 
often  operate  the  business  of  the  in­
solvent,  providing 
it  will  be  fur  the 
best 
interests  of  the  insolvent  and  his 
creditors  to  do  so.  Sometimes  receivers 
are  appointed  to  temporarily  manage 
the  business  of  persons  and  corporations 
who  may  not  be 
insolvent.  Cases  of 
this  kind arise  where partners or factions 
of  stockholders  are  quarreling  among 
themselves  and  it  becomes  necessary for 
a  disinterested  person  or a  corporation 
to  manage  the  business  until  the  quarrel 
is  adjusted.  Also,  receivers  are  often 
appointed  of  property  of  husbands  or 
wives,  in  divorce  cases,  and  of  property 
of  corporations  during  their  reorganiza­
tion.

A  trustee  under  the  bankruptcy  law  is 
one  appointed  by  the  creditors  to  con­
vert  the  property  of  the  bankrupt  into 
money  and  pay  the  debts  under  the  di­
rection  of  the  United  States  Court.

A  trustee  under  a  corporation  mort­
gage  securing  an  issue  of  bonds  may  be 
explained  more  clearly  perhaps  by  an 
illustration:  Let  us  assume  that  the 
Detroit  and  Buffalo  Steam  Navigation 
Co.  makes  a  contract  with  the  Detroit 
Shipbuilding  Co.  for the  construction  of 
two  magnificent  passenger  steamers,  to 
be  called  the  “ Eastern  States"  and  the 
“ Western  States."  The  steamboat  com­
pany  deems  it  best  not  to  issue  and  sell 
stock  for  the  full  amount  of  the  contract 
price  of  the  boats,but  concludes  to  raise 
the  money  to  pay  for  the  boats  by  put­
ting  a  mortgage  on  them.  Suppose  it  is 
necessary  to  raise  $650,000  by  mort­
gage.  This 
is  too  large  an  amount  for 
one  bank  or  capitalist  to  loan  and  it 
becomes  necessary  to  split  the  mortgage 
note  up  into  a  number of  smaller  notes 
and  to  sell  the  smaller  notes  to  a  num­
ber of  banks  and  investors. 
In  order  to 
do  this  it  is  necessary  to  have  a  trustee. 
The  mortgage  runs  to  a  trust  company 
as  trustee and  by  its  terms  secures  650 
notes,  otherwise  called  bonds,  of  $1,000 
each.  These  bonds  are  payable  to  the 
trustee  or  to  bearer,  and  title  to  them 
passes  by  delivery,  the  same  as  a  Gov­
ernment  or  municipal  or  any  other  kind 
of  bond.  People  will  not  buy  these 
bonds,  however,  unless  they  have  some 
assurance  that only  the  number  of bonds 
secured  by  the  mortgage,  namely  650, 
have  been 
issued  and  sold.  This  is 
where  the  trust  company  becomes  use­
ful. 
in 
which  the  public  have  confidence  and  it 
certifies  on  each  bond  that  it  is  one  of 
the  bonds  of  the  Detroit  and  Buffalo 
Steamboat  Co.  described 
in  the  mort­
gage.  The  insurance  on  the  boat  is 
made  payable  to  the  trustee  fer  the  ben­
efit  of  the  bondholders  and  the  policies 
are 
left  with  the  trustee.  Where  trust 
companies  are  used  by  corporations

is  a  financial 

institution 

It 

I

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

3 7

S ’

<0!U4n j'c

HU R   pure  cider vinegar 

is unexcelled  and  has 
given  the  very  best 
satisfaction  for a great many 
years.  When  you  want  a 
good  article  send  your  or­
der to
C l a r k -
  C o .,
who  have  the  exclusive  sale 
in  Grand  Rapids,  or  to  any 
jobber 
in  other  Michigan 
cities.

J e w e

- W e

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s

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The Williams Bros. Co.

Detroit,  Mich.

3 8

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

generally  in  this  way,the  bonds  are con­
sidered  more  marketable.

Trust  companies  are  also  used  as  de­
positary  of  stocks  and  bonds  during  the 
reorganization  of  corporations. 
This 
merely  means  that  where  a  corporation 
wishes  to  scale  down  the  interest  on 
its 
bonds,  for  instance,  if  the  interest  rate 
is  heavier  than  it  can  pay,  it  publishes 
or  sends  notice  to  the  bondholders  to 
deposit  their  bonds  with  a  certain  trust 
company,  which  will 
its  receipt 
for  them,  exchangeable  for  the  new 
bonds  bearing  a  lower  rate  of  interest. 
In  this  case,  also,  a  trust  company  is 
used  because  people  have  confidence  in 
it  and  are  willing  to  leave  their  bonds 
with  it  and  take  the  trust  company's  re­
ceipt.

issue 

Another  capacity  in  which  trust  com­
panies  act 
is  that  of  registrar.  They 
may  register  either  stocks  or bonds.  A l­
most  all  corporation  mortgages  provide 
that  the  bonds  may  be  registered  in  the 
name  of  the  owner  with  the  trust  com­
pany  which  is  acting  as  trustee  under 
the  mortgage  securing the bonds.  When 
this 
is  done  the  title  to  the  bond  does 
not  pass  by  delivery,  but  requires  an 
assignment  the  same  as  in  the  case  of 
a  certificate  of  stock.  Registering  stock 
is  for  a  different  purpose.  All  standard 
stocks,  that  is,  those  dealt 
in  on  the 
stock  exchanges,  are  registered  with  a 
trust  company,  and  it  is  the  business  of 
the  trust  company  as  registrar  to  see 
that  no  more  stock 
is  issued  by  the 
corporation  and  registered  by  it  as  reg­
istrar  than  the full  amount  of  the capital 
stock  of  the  corporation  authorized  by 
law.  This  arose  out  of  the  “ Schuyler 
frauds,”   a  case  where  the  officers  of  a 
corporation 
issued  and  sold  a  great 
many  more  shares  of  stock  of  the  corpo­
ration  than  it  was  authorized  by  law  to 
issue.  They  took  the  stock  and  sold  it 
or  pledged 
it  for  loans  and  put  the 
money 
in  their  pockets.  Very  often 
the  over-issues  are  the  result  of  mis­
take  and  not  of  fraud.  When  the  stock 
is  registered  by  a  trust  company  people 
have  confidence 
it.  That  is,  they 
it  is  genuine  and  not  an  over­
know 
issue  and 
is  bought  and  sold  more 
readily.

in 

it 

The  purposes  of  a  transfer  agent  are 
in  some  respects  to  those  of  a 
similar 
registrar.  Where  a  trust  company 
is 
used  as  transfer  agent  it  is  generally 
more  accessible  and  transfers  can  be 
made  readily  through  the  trust  com­
pany,it  being a  more  convenient  agency 
for  that  purpose.

Very  often  in business deals and trans­
actions  it  is  necessary  to  deposit  deeds, 
securities  or  papers  with  a  responsible 
person  until  certain  acts  are  performed. 
This  is  called  depositing  papers  in  es­
crow  and  trust  companies  are  largely 
used  for  this  purpose  because  of  their 
responsibility  and  impartiality.

Trust  companies  are  being  more  and 
more  used  to  act  as  trustee  or business 
agent  for  the  management  of  all  kinds 
of  real  and  personal  property.  These 
trusts  are  created  by  private  agreement 
with  individuals  who are  advanced 
in 
years;  with women who have  not  the  ex­
perience  or  inclination  to attend to busi­
ness  affairs;  with  persons who  are  about 
to travel  or are  going  abroad ;  with  non­
residents;  with 
individual  executors, 
guardians,  etc,  who  cannot  neglect 
their  own  business  to  attend  to  the  de­
tails  of  managing a  trust  properly;  with 
public  and  private  charitable  and  re­
ligious 
institutions  which  have  endow­
ment  funds  to  be  managed;  with  own­
ers  of  business  blocks,  apartment  build­
ings,  etc.

Trust  companies  are  also  authorized 
by 
law  to  own  and  operate  safety  de­
posit  vaults.  They can  also  act  as surety

on  all  kinds  of  bonds,although  there  are 
very  few  trust  companies  doing  this 
kind  cf  business,  leaving  it  to  the  cor­
porations  organized for  no  other  purpose 
than  to  act  as  surety  on  bonds.

Many  trust  companies  own  abstract 
books  and 
issue  abstracts  of  title  and 
is 
guarantee  the  titles  to  real  estate.  It 
the  exception  rather  than  the  rule  for 
trust  companies  to  transact  this  kind  of 
business.
Each  one  of  these  different  functions 
of  a  trust  company  could  serve  as  the 
subject  for a  paper. 
I  have  tried  to  ex­
plain  each  one  as  intelligently  as  pos­
sible  in  a  few  words.  There  are  many 
other  features  of  the  operation  of  a  trust 
company  which  I  can  not  even  touch 
upon. 
I  might  explain  at  length  the 
advantages  of  a  trust  company  as  com­
pared  with  individuals  and  in  this  con­
illustrate  its  financial  respon­
nection 
sibility; 
the  security  offered  by 
its 
stock  and  surplus ;  the liability of stock­
holders;  the  deposit  of  securities  with 
the  State  Treasurer  for  the  benefit  of 
creditors;  the  bonding  of 
its  officers 
and  employes;  examinations  by  the 
State  Banking  Department;  publication 
of  reports  o f its  financial  condition ; 
rendering  of  accounts  to  courts;  the 
keeping  of  trust  business  and  property 
separate;  the  facts  that  it  never  dies, 
it  possesses  experience,  that  it  is 
that 
always  in  its  office  and  never takes a va­
is  not  affected  by  senti­
cation,  that 
ment,  that 
is  a  market  for  invest­
ments,  and  so  on.

it 
it 

There 

is  one  feature  of  the  business 
of  trust  companies  which  should  make 
their  stock  sought  after  by 
investors 
and  which  should 
lead  people  to  have 
confidence  in  their safety  and  stability: 
They  are  likely  to  do  a  profitable  busi­
ness at  all  times,  in  both  prosperity  and 
adversity,  more  so,  perhaps,  than  any 
other  financial  or  business  institution. 
When  times  are  good  trust  funds are left 
with  them,  people  have  money  to  in­
vest  and  buy 
investments  from  them. 
They  are  able  to  invest  their  own  funds 
to  the best  advantage.  New  corporations 
are  being  organized  and  old  corpora­
tions  are  being  revivified  and  enlarged 
and  a  trustee  is  necessary  for  reorgan­
izations  and  for  bond  issues. 
In  many 
other  ways  trust companies  profit  ks  the 
result  of  good  times.  When  times  are 
depressed  the  trust  company 
is  called 
upon  to  act  as  receiver  or  assignee  of 
insolvent  or  embarrassed institutions.  It 
is  in  demand  as  trustee 
in  bankruptcy 
cases. 
It  has money  for  investment  and 
is  able  to  pick  the  choicest  investments 
at  the  highest  rates  of  interest  because 
money  is  in  demand  to strengthen  busi­
ness  institutions.  When  people  die  an 
executor  or administrator or trustee  un­
der a  will  is  needed.  When  babes  are 
born  and  property  goes  to  them  from 
their  relatives  or  otherwise  the  trust 
company  is  called  upon  to  act  as  guard­
ian. 
I  know  of  no  other  business  which 
requires  more  scrupulous  care 
in  its 
management,  more  versatile  talent, more 
diversified  skill  and  larger  experience, 
than  that  of  the  trust company.  During 
the  very  brief  experience  of  the  Detroit 
Trust  Company,  with  which  I  am  con­
nected,  we  have  been  obliged,  as  inci­
dental  to  the  trusts  to  which  we  have 
been  appointed,  to  transact  business  for 
or take  part  in  the  management  or  set­
tlement  of  the  affairs  of  steamship  com­
panies  on  the  lakes  and  the  ocean, 
printing,  publishing  and  book  binding, 
sugar  manufacturing  and  refining  com­
panies,  yeast  factories,  cordage,  mining, 
gas,  electric  light,  water  power,  print­
ing  press,  suburban  and  city  electric 
railway,  boat  building 
and  burglar 
alarm  companies,  cement,  coal  and 
steam 
farming, 
weekly  and  daily  newspapers,  apart­
ment  buildings,  hoteis,  millinery  stores, 
wholesale  and  retail  grocery  and 
liquor 
stores, telephone and glass manufacturing 
companies,  summer  resorts,  harness  and 
leather  establishments,  paper  and  other 
miscellaneous  manufacturing  concerns, 
also  breweries,  to  say  nothing  of  the  in­
finite  detail  incidental  to  the investment 
of  moneys,  the  collection  of 
incomes 
and  the  management  and  care  of  all 
kinds  of  real  and  personal  property 
for 
individuals and estates.  Ralph  Stone. 
Ass't  Secretary  Detroit  Trust  Co.

companies, 

railroad 

* The Old Reliable 
#à

Harrison Wagons

m
â

«

They have many points of superiority  and excellence.  A catalogue will 
explain these and a  postal  card  request  will  get  you  the  very  closest 
prices.  Write us.

Harrison Wagon Co.,

Grand  Rapids,  Mich.

I 

a 

jO   you  want  to  handle 
line  of  Men’s  and 
Boys’  Clothing  which  will 
help you  build  up your cloth­
ing 
fitting, 
well  made  garments  which 
are  fully  guaranteed? 
If  so, 
then  you  must  see  my  !ine. 
Write  or  call  on

Perfect 

trade? 

M.  I.  Schloss

Manufacturer of Men’s and Boys’ Clothing

143 Jefferson  Ave., 

Detroit,  Mich.

mm

#

m
m
m
m
m
m

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m
m
m
m
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i
m
m
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m
m
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m
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m
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m

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

3 9

T H E   COUNTRY  C L E R K .

W h y   H e  U su a lly   S urpasses  H is  C ity 

P rater.

One  of  the  merchants  whom  I  called 
upon  the  other  day,  in  a  town  of  some 
five  thousand  people,  said  to  m e:

“  I  wish  you  would keep your eye open 
when  you  are  visiting  small  towns  and 
if  you  can  not  pick  me  up  a  good 
see 
man. 
1  have  a  nice  place  for  the  right 
kind  of  a  young  fellow."

From  my  own  observations  I  bad  a 
pretty  good 
idea  why  he  expected  to 
find  the  kind  he  was  looking  for  in  a 
small  town,  but  I  asked  him  the  ques­
tion,  nevertheless.

"  Did you ever notice, ”   he said,  "that 
the  great  majority  of  men  who  get 
into 
the  public  eye, who  achieve  any  distinc­
tion  in  the  business,  political  or  literary 
world,  are  country  bred?  Well,  it  is  a 
fact;  if  you  do  not  believe  it  take  a  day 
oft,  sometime,  and  look  it  up.

"T h e   only  good  clerks  1  ever  had 
started  in  country  stores.  When  they 
came  to  me  they  were  well  broken 
in, 
were  polite  and  courteous  to  all  custom­
ers  whether  purchasers  or  not.  They 
were  open  to  suggestions  and  advice 
and  glad  to  get 
it  and  they  were  not 
afraid  of  work.

" 1   can  overlook  a  good  many  faults 
in a clerk  if  he  uses  good  common  sense 
in  the  treatment  of  customers  and  will 
handle  them  as  carefully  in  my  absence 
as  when  1  am  there  to  keep  an  eye  on 
him.  But  that  kind  do  not  generally 
come  from  the 
larger  towns.  We  find 
them  in  the  country.”

1  had  arrived  at  much  the  same  con­
clusion  long  ago,  also  that  it  is  not  al­
ways  the  clerk  alone  who  is  deficient  in 
courtesy. 
In  traveling  about,  one  can 
not  help  observing  the  contrasts.  Some­
times  a  merchant  will  be  aftable  and 
pleasant  to  his  customers,  but  will  keep 
a  travelling  salesman  waiting  hours, 
needlessly,  before  he  will  give  him  an 
opportunity  to make  bis  business  known 
and  then  dismiss  him  in  a  curt  way,  or 
be  will  complain  of the  way he  has  been 
treated  by  some  fresh  traveling man  and 
the  next  moment  call  a  clerk  down  in  a 
verv  severe  manner  and  in  the  presence 
of  strangers.

If there  is  anything  calculated to cause 
a  clerk  to  lose  interest in his  employer’s 
business,  it 
is  to  be  told  of  his  short­
comings  before  people.

I  called  at  a  store  the  other  morning 
before  the  proprietor  arrived  and  while 
waiting  I  overheard  a  conversation  be­
tween  the  clerk  and  a  man  who  had 
brought  back  a  pair  of  patent 
leather 
shoes.  He was  making a great fuss  about 
it,  said  he  bad  paid  $4.50  for  them 
only  the  week  before  and  they  were  now 
all  cracked  to  pieces;  he  thought  he 
should  have  bis  money  back  or  a  new 
pair. 
The  clerk  explained  that  the 
cracks  were  only  through  the  enamel 
and  that  the  body  of  the  leather  was  as 
good  as  ever,  that  they  did  not  guaran­
tee  patent 
leather  anyway,  etc.,  etc., 
but  the  owner  of  the  shoes  would  not 
it  that  way.  Finally  the  clerk 
have 
said, 
"W ell, 
them  here  until 
Mr.  Henry  comes  down  and  he  will 
make 
it  right  with  you.”   The  party 
went  out  leaving  the  shoes,  and  while 
the  clerk  was  waiting  on  another cus­
tomer  the  proprietor  came  in,  saw  the 
shoes,  picked  them  up, 
looked  them 
over  and  asked  the  clerk  what  about 
them.

leave 

"T h a t  is  a  pair  Mr.  Smith  bought 
here 
last  week.  He  says  they  are  no 
good  and  I  told  him  to  leave  them  and 
you  would  make 
it  right  with  him .”  
The  young  man  was perhaps unfortunate

in  his  explanations,  but  there  was  no
earthly  excuse  for  the  abuse  bis  em­
ployer  heaped  upon  him,  especially  in 
the  presence  of  the  customer  and  my­
self.  He  said.  " I   would  like  to  know
who  gave  you  authority  to  speak  for this 
store.  When  we  need  someone  to  do 
that  I  will  look  up a person  with  at  least 
a  few  ounces  of  common  sense,”   etc., 
etc.

The  thoroughly  abashed  young  man 
looked  as  though  any 
little  old  hole 
would  be  big  enough  for  him  to  crawl 
into  and  hide  if  he  could  find  one,  the 
customer  was  embarrassed  and  I  felt 
pretty  uncomfortable  myself.

In  the  afternoon  I  called  again  and  in 
the  course  of  our conversation  the  mer­
chant  complained  of  the  ungentlemanly 
way  he  had  been  treated  by  a  traveling
man  because  he  forgot  to  keep  an  en­
gagement  to  go  to  the  hotel  and  look  at
some  samples.  He  said  he  would  not 
have  cared  so  much  but  the 
fellow
"roasted”   him  in  the  presence  of  some 
It  makes  a  difference
other  people. 
whose  ox  is  gored—sometimes. 
It  al­
ways  makes  me  nervous  to  hear a  man
reprimand  his  help  in  the  presence  of 
outsiders.

1  added  another  to  my  list  of  acci-
dents  last  week  when  a  defective  coil  in
the  boiler  burst. 
It  happened  while be­
tween  towns and  for  the  first  time  since
I  started  out  I  had  to  be  towed  in  at
the  rear  of  a  farmwagon.  Quite a  num­
ber of the  natives  congregated  at the vil­
lage  blacksmith  shop  where  I  was  en-
deavoring 
to  make  repairs,  perhaps
twenty-five  men  and  boys  crowded  in  to
have  a  look.  The  blacksmith,  who  was 
one  of  those  fat  jolly  fellows,  went  out
and  returned  with  a  cannon  cracker
about  the  size  of  a  small  joint  of  stove­
informed  me  on  the  quiet
pipe.  He 
little  ex-
that  he  was  about  to  cause  a 
citement;  he 
it  at  the  forge,
it  under  his  apron  and  laid  it 
carried 
down  behind  a  tub  close  to the machine.
Every  one  was  so  busy  watching  the
operation  of  firing  up  that  they  never
noticed  what  the  blacksmith  was  doing. 
They  were  crowded around,  some  stoop-
ing  down  to  look  underneath  when  the 
eruption  took  place. 
In  the  fraction  of
a  second  the  doorway  was  wedged  full,
each  one  trying  to  be  the  first  on  the
outside. 
It  was  a  good  show  and  worth 
the  money  and  the  blacksmith  thinks  it
the 
joke  of  his  life.—J.  H.  Bolton  in
Shoe  and  Leather  Gazette.

lighted 

A t  Sea.

A  clergyman  who  bad  neglected  all 
knowledge  of  nautical  affairs  was  asked 
to  deliver  an  address  before  an audience
of  sailors.
stormy
passages  of  life.  Thinking  be  could 
make  his  remarks  more  pertinent  to  his
hearers  by  metaphorically  using 
sea
expressions,  he  said :

He  was  discoursing  on  the 

"Now,  friends,  you  know  that  when 
you  are  at  sea  in  a  storm  the  thing  you 
do  is  to  anchor. ”
A  half  concealed  snicker  spread  over
the  room,  and  the  clergyman  knew  that 
be  had  made  a  mistake.

After  the  services  one  of  his  listeners
"M r.—,  have

came  to  him  and  said. 
you  ever  been  at  sea?”

The  minister  replied:
"N o,  unless  it  was  while  I  was  de-
live ring  that  address. ”
-----------♦   »  ♦
H is  U su al  C ustom .

" 1   fear  I  am 

A  man  was  burying  his  third  wife, 
and  one  of  the  guests  arrived  at  the 
house  after  the  procession  had  left.
late,"  he  said  to  the 
maid  who  opened  the  door;  "which 
way  did  they  go?”
girl;  "but  he  mostly  buries 
Greenwood.”

" I   didn't  notice,  sir,”   replied  the 
’em  at

THE 
MICHIGAN 
TRUST 
CO. 

o f  
GRAND  RAPIDS
MICH.
A C T S  A S —
EXECUTOR  of
wills--
ADMINISTRATOR 
of estates— 
GUARDIAN  of
incompetent  persons 
and minors— 
TRUSTEE for
corporations  and 
individuals  as well 
as under  mortgages 
and  bond  issues— 
RECEIVER or 
ASSIGNEE  for 
corporations,  firm s  or
individuals— 
TRANSFER
AGENT for
corporations—
ETC. 
MONEY  LOANED
on  real estate security—
ENTIRE CHARGE
OF PROPERTY taken—
rents collect -d,  taxes paid, 
insurance kept  in force, 
repairs attended to, etc.— 
BOOKS of corporations
and firms AUDITED 
HIGH-GRADE  BONDS
and other securities for sale. 

THOROUGHLY
MODERN  FIRE
AND  BURGLAR- 
PROOF SA F E -
DEPOSIT VAULTS

SEND FOR copy
of our pamphlet entitled
“ Laws of Michigan  relating 
to the descent and 
distribution of property.  ’ 
ALSO blank form of 

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T E A C H E R   TO  T R A V E L E R .

R esp ects  in  W h ich   tlie  T w o  P rofession s 

D iffer.

In  changing  from  the  profession  of 
teaching  to  that  of  traveling  one  could 
not  possibly  experience  a  greater differ 
ence  of conditions,  motives and environ 
ments.  One  passes  from  the  realm  of 
idealism  and  educational  theories  to 
that  of  realism  and facts.  He soon learns 
that  from  a  business  man's  point  of 
view  theories  count  for  naught;  that  the 
value  of  everything 
is  measured  from 
the  standpoint  of  fact,  utility,  advan­
tage,  profits  and  results.  To  properly 
understand  the  difference  of  conditions 
let  us  first  consider  the  teacher's  prepa­
ration  for  his  work,  bis  environments, 
motives  and  methods,  and  then  contrast 
with  them  those  of  the  commercial  trav­
eler :

and 

special 
institutes,  normal 

The  average  prospective  teacher  in­
cludes 
in  the  preparation  for  his  work 
a  certain  amount  of  normal,  college, 
pedagogical 
training, 
teachers’ 
schools, 
colleges  and  technical  institutions  are 
the  means  to  this  end.  Here  he  secures 
some  general  information,  a  theoretical 
knowledge  of  the  science  of  teaching 
and  the  standards  of  excellence  for  his 
future  work.  His 
instructors  are  often 
students,  scholars  and  specialists,  many 
of  whom  have  devoted  their  whole  lives 
and  energies  to  the  acquisition  and  dis 
semination  of  knowledge  and  the  train 
ing  of  the  young  for a  higher  and  more 
complete 
life.  They  picture  the  rosy 
hued  future  and  the  rare  opportunities 
in  store  for  their  prospective  teacher 
pupil.  They  impress  upon  him  the  ex 
alted  position  he  is  to  occupy  in  his 
future  field  of 
labor.  He  is  to  be  the 
leader  and  exemplar of  the  young  and 
rising  generation,  who  are  to  direct  the 
destinies  of  the  world in the near  future. 
To  him  his  pupils  are  to  look  for  guid­
ance,  counsel, 
inspiration,  knowledge 
and  assistance.  The  importance  of  his 
moral,  social,  religious  and  educational 
responsibilities  is  so  strongly  impressed 
upon  him  by  his  teachers,  studies  and 
researches,associates  and  environments, 
that,as  he  goes  out  from  bis  alma  mater 
with  his  sheepskin  under  bis  arm,  his 
whole  being  is  permeated  with  a  desire 
to  do  and  to  be  all  that  this  preparatory 
training  has  taught  him  will  be  his 
duty  and  grand  opportunity.

bright  and 

His  duties  bring  him  almost  contin­
in  contact  with  children  of  all 
ually 
sorts  and  degrees,  immature 
in  mind 
and  body,  eager,  impulsive,  diffident, 
irresponsive, 
energetic, 
stupid  and 
lazy,  but  still  all  compara­
tively  inexperienced  and  easily  impres­
sionable.  His motive  is  not  the  acquisi­
tion  of  wealth,  for  the  great  majority  of 
teachers  receive  meager  salaries,  hut 
the  realization  of  his  ideals 
in  deaiing 
with  his  pupils.  The  true  teacher  aims 
to  develop 
in  the  young  a  thirst  for 
insist  upon  a  thorough, 
knowledge,  to 
systematic  and 
logical  preparation  of 
each  daily  task  and  to  give  them  a 
broader view  of  life  in  general  and  a 
deeper  sense  of  their  duty,  responsibil­
ity  and  opportunities.  His  chief  aim 
is  to  make  them  better,  more  intelligent 
and  useful,  and  this  is  his  reward.

After  one  has  spent  several  years  as  a 
teacher  he  could  not  possibly experience 
a  greater change  of  motives  and  condi­
tions  than  when  he  becomes  a  commer­
cial  traveler.  He  formerly  dealt  with 
children  who  acknowledged  his  author­
ity ;  as  a  traveler  he  is  no  longer  an  ab­
solute  monarch,  but on  an  equality  with 
his  customers.  He 
com­
manded,  now  he  must  adapt  himself  to

formerly 

wanting.  He  perceived  that  a  traveler 
who  calls  upon  merchants  in  all  lines 
of  trade  must  acquire  at  least  a  talking 
knowledge  of  each  and  every  line,  so 
that  be  and  his  customer  may  have  a 
common  bond  of  sympathy.

The  successful  salesman  must  be  re­
sourceful—he  must  be  able  to  extricate 
himself  gracefully  from  the  many  pre­
dicaments 
into  which  he  is  thrown,  he 
must  be  master  of  the  situation  if  he 
would  command  respect.  He  must  be 
cheerful.  He  should  bring  sunshine 
wherever  he  enters,  and  always  leave 
with  the  business  men  a  pleasant  recol­
lection  of  himself  and  a  good  impres­
sion  of  the  firm  he  represents.  He  must 
possess  perfect  self-control.  No  matter 
what  provocation 
arises,  no  matter 
whether  he  meets  with  success  or 
failure,  he  should  always  preserve  htB 
equanimity.  Good  habits  are  absi  lute- 
ly  essential.  The  traditional  traveling 
man 
is  fast  becoming  a  thing  of  the 
past.  Coarse  and  vulgar  language,  ac­
tions,  habits  or  associates  are  unbecom­
ing  a  gentleman,  and  no  successful 
traveling  man  can  afford  to  be  ungen- 
tlemanly.  He  must  have  a  genius  for 
hard  work.  Natural  ability 
is  always 
desirable,  but  natural  ability  without 
energy  counts  for  naught.  The  traveler 
should  always  speak well  of  his  compet­
it  were  better  not  to  mention 
itors,  but 
them 
in  any  way  if  it  can  be  avoided. 
He  should  have  regard  for  bis  personal 
appearance.  Good  clothes,  not  neces­
linen,  and  the 
sarily  expensive,  clean 
little  attentions  to  the  toilet 
should 
never  be  neglected,  as  customers’  first 
impressions  often  decide  success  or 
failure  with  them.  Above  all,  the  com­
mercial  man  must  have  confidence  in 
and  respect  for  the  house  he  represents 
and  under all  circumstances  uphold 
its 
business  policy.

Clifford  D.  Crittenden.

T h e  P a rcel  T h at  I s   L ate.

Nothing  is  so  harmful  to  a  store  as 
failure  to  deliver  parcels  promptly.  A 
man  will  forgive  anything  but  that. 
Little  does 
it  avail  to  wait  on  a  cus­
tomer  civilly,  to give  him  full  value  for 
his  money  and  to  perform  ail  the  serv­
e s   that  go  to  make  up  good  storekeep- 
ng,  if  the  delivery  system  is  faulty.  A 
swimmer  breasting  the  tide  is  not  en­
gaged  in  more  futile  an  undertaking 
than  the  merchant  who  tries  to  build  a 
business  without  a  smooth  system  of  de­
livery.  It  is  the  pivot  on  which the  ma­
chine  of  business  swings,  the screw  that 
drives  the  ship  of  business  forward. 
All  the  energies  of the  modern  depart­
ment  store  are  directed  toward  perfect­
ing  its  system  of  delivery.  First,  there 
are  chutes  that  whisk  the  parcel  into 
the  delivery  room  almost 
in  the  twin­
kling  of  an  eye.  There  nimble  fingers 
seize 
it  and  it  is  checked,  marked  and 
conveyed  to  the  auto  almost  before  the 
footfall  of  the  buyer  has  ceased  to  echo 
on  the  store  floor.  Of  course  the  small 
store  can  not  rival  its  giant  competitor 
in  the  completeness  of  the  delivery  sys­
tem,  but  every  retailer,  no  matter  how 
limited  his  resources,  can  make  sure 
that  each  purchase 
is  delivered  to  the 
customer  precisely  when  promised.— 
Clothing  Gazette.

D oes  I t   F or  a   Living:.

Elderly  Woman—Mr.  Gingham,  I 
letting  you  come  to 
I ’ve  heard  folks  say  you 

don  t  know  about 
see ^  Mandy. 
don't  move  in  good  society.

The  Young  Man  (startled  and 

indig­
nant)—Mrs._ Jollifer,  if  a  chap  that  runs 
an  elevator  in  a  swell  apartment  bouse 
ten  hours  a^ day  ain’t moving in good so­
ciety,  I  d like  to  know  what  you  call  i t !

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

is  taken 

others'  wills.  While  teaching  what  he 
said  was generally  accepted  without  ar­
gument,  now  nothing 
for 
granted.  His  pupils  were  obliged  to 
listen,  learn  and  be  convinced ;  his  cus­
tomers  are  not  obligated 
in  any  way. 
Public  opinion,  traditions  and  the  very 
conditions  of  teaching  placed  him  on  a 
pedestal,  around  which  his 
pupils 
gathered  for 
instruction ;  as  a  traveler 
all  pedestals  are  removed  and  he  is 
obliged  to  go  out  and  make  all  the  ad­
vances  to  his  prospective  customers.

When  the  writer  undertook  the  duties 
of  a  commercial  traveler  he  encountered 
difficulties,  mostly unforeseen,  and  to  il­
lustrate  these  more  plainly  he  hopes  to 
be  pardoned  for  introducing  a  few  per­
sonal  reminiscences  and  experiences :

He  began  this  work  as  an  employe  of 
the  Tradesman  Company,  and  as  a 
starter  the  esteemed  editor  assigned  to 
him  the  task  of  canvassing  Grand  Rap- 
'ds  for  new  subscribers.  He  decided

ing  around  until  his  turn  to  be  waited 
upon  he  found  that  more  pedestals  were 
gradually  giving  away  and  he  began 
his  interview  by  buying  his  steak  for 
dinner.  He  left  the  store  without  men­
tioning  the  Michigan  Tradesman  and 
went  home  to  think  matters  over.  After 
a  little  reflection  be  decided  that  there 
is  honor  save  in  one’s  own  country  and 
he  next  went  out  among  strangers  to 
ascertain  the  reason  for  his 
failure. 
After  laboring  a  few  hours  he  discov­
ered  that  adaptability  to  conditions  and 
one’s  prospective  customer  is  the  first 
requisite  to  success.  One  man  must  be 
approached 
in  one  way,  another  in  an­
other.  No  cut  and  dried  rule  can  be 
made.  He  also  soon  learned  that each 
merchant  is  most  interested  in  his  own 
special 
line  and  that  some  casual  re­
mark  pertaining  to  that  man’s  line  is  a 
good 
introduction  and  often  paves  the 
way  to  success.  He  discovered  that  the 
wideawake  merchant  has  no  time  for

to  approach  his  friends  and  acquaint 
ances  first,  as  he  thought  they  would 
surely  receive  him  with  open  arms  and 
ive  him  a  little  much-needed  courage 
and  assistance.  His  first  encounter  was 
with  a  boot  and  shoe  dealer.  After 
pleasantly  passing  the  time  of  day  he 
flashed  out  his  yellow  journal  and  pro­
ceeded  to  business.  As  he  earnestly  and 
expectantly  turned  the  pages  and  called 
attention  to  the  many  points  of  merit, 
he observed  a  peculiar,  tired  expression 
overspreading  the  countenance  of  the 
shoe  man.  This  was  succeeded  by  a 
number of  good  (?)  reasons  why  he  did 
not  care  to  subscribe:  His  eyes  were 
poor,  his  energy  was  gone  when  night 
came.  He  thought  it  was  a  good  paper 
for  a grocer,  etc.  The  ex-pedagogue, 
embarrassed  and  disappointed,made  his 
exit  and  upon  examination  found  that 
his  courage  had 
lost  one  pedestal  of 
support.  After  getting  up  a  fresh  sup­
ply  of steam  he  approached  the  next 
merchant,  his  meat  man.  While  stand-

long 
interviews  during  business  hours 
and that  the  sooner  the  solicitor tells  his 
story  and  gets  out  the  better  it  is  for  all 
concerned  and  the  more  liable  said  so­
licitor  is  to  gain  success.  He  found  no 
childlike  trust  of  his  teaching  days,  but 
that  he  was  working  on  an  entirely 
different  base  of  operations.  He  was 
now  dealing  with  men  and  their  real  or 
imaginary  necessities  as  he  carried  to 
them  the  Michigan  Tradesman,  book­
keeping  supplies  and  advertising  spe­
cialties.  His  motives  were  real,  his 
success  was  measured  by  the  orders  he 
secured  from  those  whom he  approached 
and  who  saw  some  advantage  or  utility 
for  themselves 
in  the  purchase  of  his 
goods.  He  learned  that  every  man  is  a 
law  unto  himself  and  that,  if  he  would 
achieve success,  he  must  become  a  deep 
student  of  human  nature.  He  realized 
that  the  successful  salesman  must  pos­
sess  a  thorough  knowledge  of  his  sub­
ject—his 
regard  him  as 
authority  and  he  must  not  be  found

customers 

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

41

A  STOCK  OF
B a n ig a n
B e s t
B o o ts

\ 

, 

I 
I 

I  
I 
I  
I 

I 
I  
I  

A N D

Light  Rubbers  and  Arctics

W ill  help  you  build  up  a  satisfactory  and  profitable
trade  on  Rubber  Footwear.
W e make a specialty of Sock and Felt Combinations.
Send  for  price  lists  and  catalogues.

EDWARD  R.  RICE,  General  Selling  Agent

267-269  Franklin  St.,
Chicago,  ill.

J.  D.  McDONALD,  Manager

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

n  other  lines,  and  also  why  the 
ness  has  fallen  into  disrepute.

busi-  cable  in  the  same  sense  with  merchants 
who  do  business  in  territory  adjacent  to
| Grand  Rapids. 

Heber  A.  Knott.

T h e  Science  o f P a c k in g   T ra n k s.

Now  for  the  evolution  in  millinery: 
There  has  been  practically  none  dur- 
ng  the  past  eighteen  years,  but  on 
It  has  probably  occurred  to few
January  1,  1900,  the  millinery 
jobbers 
women  that  the  homely  art  of  packing 
between  Buffalo  and  Denver  and  St.
a  trunk  has  its  scientific  side.  But  it  is, 
Paul  and  Dallas  were  invited to  meet  in 
nevertheless,  true.  There  are  a  lot  of 
convention  in  the  city  of  Chicago.  The
result  of  that  meeting  was  an  organiza-|  little  tricks  which,  if  one  knows  them, 
on  (not  a  trust,  mind  you)  known  as  help  to  avoid  the  discomforts  and  an- 
the  Millinery  Jobbers'  Association,  and]  noyances  that  usually attend  the average
journey. 
woman's  preparations  for  a 
early  all  the  houses  embracing this  ter­
Miss  Grace  Or  Myers,  the  well-known 
ritory  became  members.  During  the 
prima  donna,  has  reduced  the  art  of 
past  two  years,  as  the  result  of  this  or­
packing  a  trunk  to  its  finest  point.  She 
ganization,  nearly  all  of  the  irregular- 
writes  for  the  Picayune :
ies  and  existing  evils  have  been  elim­
The  woman  who  packs  her  trunk  only 
inated,  discounts  and  terms  are  the 
once  or  twice  a  year,  on  the  occasion  of 
same  as  with  other  lines,  no  railroad 
a  trip  to  the  seashore  or  a  visit  to 
fares  are  paid  and  neither  freight  nor 
some  distant  relative,  usually  thinks  it 
express  is  paid;  and  it  is  my  opinion 
is  fine  fun  while  she  is  doing  it,  but
that  it  will  not  be  many years before  the
jobbing  millinery  business  will  take  its i when  she  reaches  the  other  end  of  her

4 2

EVO LUTIO N  O F  M IL L IN E R Y .

C hanges  in   th e   J o b b in g   B u sin ess  D a rin g  

T w en ty   Y ears.

There  have  been  many  changes  in 
jobbing  millinery  business  during  the 
past  score  of  years. 
In  view  of  the  fact 
that  great  changes  and  much  progress 
have  been  made  in  other  lines  of  busi­
ness,  it  would  be  strange, 
indeed,  if 
millinery  bad  not  kept  pace  with  the 
rest  and  shown  some  improvement,  es­
pecially  as  it  relates  so closely  to  that 
ever-changing  goddess,  Dame  Fashion.
line  there  are  four 
complete  changes each year, so  far  as  the 
styles  and  designs  of  the  articles  used 
are  concerned.  The  changes  that  1  shall 
speak  of  are principally along  the line of 
methods  in  conducting  the  business.

In  the  millinery 

Some  time  ago  a  New  York  millinery 
trade 
journal  sent  out  a  letter  to  nearly 
all  the  wholesale  dealers  in  the  United 
States  asking  the  question,  “ Why  are 
there  no  millionaire  milliners  in  this 
country?”   Printing  their  replies  to  this 
question 
in  their next  regular  number, 
the  answers  were,  of  course,  numerous 
and  varied,  but  the  question  remains 
still  open  to  the  world.

Some  of  the  uneducated  along  this 
line  it  might  be  difficult  to  make  be­
lieve  that  millinery  dealers  seldom  re­
tire  rich,  and  I have  no  personal  knowl­
edge  of  any even becoming millionaires. 
They,  as  a  class,  have  the  reputation 
(whether  deservedly  or  not  I 
leave  the 
reader  to  imagine)  of  selling  goods  at 
drug  store  prices.  Carrying  a  line  of 
goods  on  which  competition 
is  not  as 
fierce  as  in  most  any  other  line,  on  ac­
count  of  the  frequent  change  of  styles, 
and  of  which  the  intrinsic  value 
is  an 
unknown  quantity,  the 
fact  still  re­
mains  that,  as  a  distinctive  line,  they 
are 
less  successful  than  almost  any 
other class  of  merchants.

There  are  several  reasons  for  this— 

some  essential,  others  unessential:

it. 

skirt  is  the  folding  of 
It  must  be 
folded 
lengthwise  twice,  so  that  the 
width  of  the  skirt  will  be  divided  by 
three.  Then  it  is  doubled  over  from  the 
top  until  it  is  made  short  enough  to  fit 
important, 
into  the  tray. 
first  of  all,  to  see  that  the 
lining  is 
straightened  out  so  that  it  will  receive 
the  same  folds  as  the  goods  proper.

is  very 

It 

in  the  tray.  This 

There  is only one way  to  keep a bodice 
from  crushing,  even  when  it  is  the  only 
one 
is  to  stuff  the 
bosom  and  the  sleeves with  tissue  paper 
until  it  has  something  like  the  fullness 
that  it  has  when  being  worn.  Neither 
the  sleeves  nor  the  bodice  itself  should 
be  folded  in  any  way.  Before  being  put 
into  the  tray  each  dress  is  wrapped  in 
a  muslin  cloth,  and,  if  one  has  enough 
trunks  so  that  one  can  afford  a  separate 
tray  for each  dress,  the  dress  should  be 
pinned  to  the  muslin  cloth  and  the 
cloth 
in  turn  to  the  cloth  straps  that 
buckle  across  the  tray.  This  is  to  keep 
the  dress  from  tumbling  back  and  forth 
from  one  end  of  the  tray  to  the  other 
when  the  trunk  is  being  handled.

There 

is  no  royal  road  to  packing  a 
woman's  hat.  Women  who want  to  carry 
an  assortment  of  bats  should  procure  a 
modern  bat  box.  This  has  cloth-covered 
blocks  to  go 
inside  of  each  hat,  the 
blocks  extending  around  the  inside  of 
the  trunk  from  the  bottom.top and sides, 
bringing  the  tops  of  the  hats  together 
in  the  middle  in  such  a  way  that  they 
do  not  touch.  The  hats  are  secured  to 
the  blocks  with  pins,  and  a 
large  box 
will  accommodate  twelve  hats.  Laces, 
gloves  and  handkerchiefs  may  be 
dropped  loosely  into  one's  bat  box,  and 
a  better  place  can  not  be found  for  them 
as  they  will  not  wrinkle.  The  best  hat 
boxes  are  waterproof,  and  one  needs  to 
have  no  worry  about  the  safety  of  their 
contents.

One  of  the  most  difficult  things  in 
trunk  packing  is  the  safe  disposal  of 
toilet  waters,  soaps,  scents,  shoe  dress­
ing  and  ink.  The  breaking  of  bottles 
and  the  subsequent  damage  to  clothing 
is  always  to  be  dreaded,  and  the  skilled 
trunk  packer  will  take  absolutely  no 
chances  of  such  an  accident.  Many 
trunks  are  provided  nowadays  with  a 
tray  made  especially  for  bottles,  which 
has  assorted  sizes  or  compartments  for 
bottles,  holding one  bottle  each.  But  if 
one  takes  sufficient  care,  this  tray  is  not 
essential.

To  prevent  corks  from  working 

loose 
and  coming  out,  the  simplest  device  is 
to  have  a  supply  of  large  and  small rub­
ber  bands,  all  of  them wide.  A  band  is 
tightly  stretched  lengthwise around  each 
bottle  over  the  cork.  Each  bottle  is 
then  wrapped  in  a  newspaper,  not  care­
fully  and  smoothly,  but  roughly.  Two 
or  three  full  newspaper  sheets  should 
be  crumpled  up  and wrapped  around the 
bottle  in  a  wrinkled,  crumply  way.  The 
bottles  are  then  put  in  the  trunk  among 
the  soiled  clothing,  plain  hosiery  and 
other  articles  that  will  not  be  damaged 
incase  of  accident,  no  two  bottles  being 
allowed  to  touch  and  no  bottle  touching 
the  outer  walls  of  the  trunk.  Shoe dress­
ing  should  be  wrapped  in  an  additional 
piece  of  rubber  or  leather  cloth.  The 
best  way  to  pack  ink is  not  to  pack  it at 
all,  but  to  rely  on  getting 
it  locally. 
Many  women  carry  their  toilet  articles 
in  separate  dressing  cases,  provided 
with  cut  glass  bottles,  mounted in  silver 
or gold  or  with  plain  nickel  trimmings. 
These  are  so  arranged  that  no  breakage 
is  possible.

The  old,  threadbare  maxim,  “ Brev­
is  the  soul  of  wit,”   could  well  be 
the 

ity 
changed  to  read, 
strength  of  advertising.”

“ Brevity 

is 

It  is  a  fact  that  the  depreciation  on 
millinery  goods  at  the  end  of  the  season 
is,  perhaps,  greater  than  on  any  of  the 
other 
lines.  That  I  would  call  one  un­
avoidable  reason ;  and  then,  as  a  rule, 
we  are  obliged to  place  our goods  in  the 
hands  of small  dealers with  small capita 
and  necessarily  our  losses  are  propor 
tionately  large.  Another  unavoidable 
reason 
lies  in  the  fact  that  our  seasons 
are  short  and  we  can  not  depend  on 
more  than  eight  months’  business  in  a 
year,  while  we  can  always  depend  on 
twelve  months’  expense.  These  are  all 
deplorable  facts  that  were  born  with  the 
millinery  business  and  possibly  will  al 
ways  exist.

Now  for a  few  of  the  evils  that  have 
gradually  crept  into  the  millinery  busi 
ness  which  have  been  profit  destroyers 
and  which  have  also  had  a  tendency  to 
remove this  line  of  business  from  the 
standard  of  other  legitimate  lines,  mak 
ing it  the  laughing-stock  of  the commer 
cial  world:

To  begin  with,  the  average  millinery 
jobber  has  not  as  much  backbone  as  a 
New  Jersey  mosquito,  and  if  you  were 
to tell  him  that  his  competitors gave  si 
months'  time  and  7  per  cent,  discount 
at  the  end  of  the  season,  paid  all  ex 
penses  including  freight  on  goods,  pai< 
the buyers’  railroad  fare  to  market  and 
return,  he  would  not  be  outdone,  but 
would  go  the  other  fellow  one  bette 
and  furnish  railroad  fare  for  the  head 
trimmer  as  well  as  board  and  theater 
tickets!  This 
is  what  I  would  call  an 
illegitimate  expense  and  is  the  reason 
more  than  any  other,  why  millinery  job 
jobbers
bers  have  not  made  money  like 

place  along  with  other  wholesale 
lines 
of  trade,  such  as  dry  goods,  boots  and 
shoes,  crockery,  groceries,  hardware, 
clothing,  etc.  Profits  will  then  adjust 
themselves,  the  retailer  will  buy  with 
the  view  of discounting  his  bills,  know­
ing  that  in  order to  do  so  they  must  be 
paid 
in  60  and  90 days,  instead  of,  as 
formerly,  at  the  end  of  the  season.

journey  and  finds  the  contents  of  a  bot­
tle  of  toilet  water  soaking 
its  way 
through  her  wardrobe,  and  the  bodice 
of  her  best  evening  gown  crushed  all 
out  of  shape,  she  is  rather  apt  to  wish 
that  she  had  gone  about 
it  less  in  a 
spirit  of fun  and  with  more  of an  idea of 
trunk  packing  as  an  exact  science.

it 
live 

is  very 
But  with  stage  women 
As  to  the  merchandise,  America is de­
different.  We  practically 
in  our 
pending lessand  less  each  year  upon the 
trunks  for  forty  weeks  out  of  every fifty- 
foreign  markets  as  a  source  of  supply. 
I two,  and  one of the  first  things  we  learn 
As  a  matter of  fact,  we  are  now  export-
I is  the  scientific  little  trick  of  stowing
ing  many  goods  in  the  millinery  line  to  things  away  for  travel  so that  when  they 
Europe,  and  it  will  not  be  many  years I are  unpacked  they  are  as  good  as  new. 
before  New  York  will be the great center I To  be  sure,  it  is  less  of  a  problem  now­
and  fountain  head  for millinery fashions  a-days  than 
it  must  have  been  before 
instead  of  Paris.  As  a  nation  we  are I the  trunkmakers 
invented  trays  and 
becoming 
less  dependent  on  Europe  separate  boxes  for  hats.  But  all  the 
each  year  in  every  branch  of  manufac-  trays  and  boxes  in  the  world  won’t keep 
ture.  This  leads  us  to the  home  indus- 
things  from  going  wrong  in  the  hands 
try  idea,  which  we  thoroughly  believe  of  Mr.  Baggage  Smasher,  if  they  are 
in  and  follow  as  far as  possible,  and  not  properly  packed, 
think  this  principle  should  be  appli- •  The  important  thing  about  packing  a

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

CITIZENS  TELEPHONE  CO.

O f  GRAN D   RAPIDS

Owned  by  Michigan  People.  Managed  by  Michigan  Men

This m a p   sh o w s  th e  Independent  Tele­
phone toll  lin es  an d  con n ectio n s  n ow   in 
operatio n ,  except  th a t  th e  broken  lin es 
in d ica te  th a t  con stru ctio n  
is  not  yet 
com pleted.
T h e re  a r e   o v e r  24,000  T elep ho nes  on 
These  lin es  in  Michigan.

Authorized

Capital
Stock
Two
Million
Dollars

INDEPENDENT

n m i i B i o m

of lower Michigan 

CmZENS  TELEPHONE  COMPANY.

OtAND «ACIDS. MOI

No  Watered

Stock

No  High-Priced 

Officials

Rates Governed 
by  Franchise 
Best  Service
Owns  53 
Exchanges
Owns  129 
Toll  Points
Reaches Over 
805  Towns 
Over  11,500 
Telephones
Territory 
Rapidly 
Increasing

*  

STO C K   of  the company is held  by  over  850  Michigan  people  and  has  come  to be regarded 
as  one  of the  most  reliable  investments  available. 
-Two  per  cent,  quarterly  dividends,  and 
the  taxes,  have  been  paid  for over  five  years  with  the  regularity  of clockwork.  The  earnings 
of  the  company  are  steadily  growing  and  the  prestige  of the  corporation  is  increasing  because of its 
remarkable  growth,  the  conservatism  of its  management,  and the  excellent  field occupied.

C H A S .  F .  RO O D,  P r e s id e n t . 

E D W A R D   F IT Z G E R A L D ,  V i c e - P r e s id e n t .

E.  B .  F IS H E R ,  S e c r e t a r y . 

WM.  J.  S T U A R T ,  Treasurer.

4 4

B R A N C H   B A N K IN G .

G reat  A dv a n ta g es  o f   tlie   S ystem   to   th e 

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

controlling its own small  portion  of  them 
and  scrambling  to get  that  portion 
into 
its  own  custody,  our  reserves  are  scat­
tered  and  the  strength  of  the  system  is 
dissipated.

In  this  regard  branch  banking  has  a 
decided  advantage.  Under  it  the  cash 
reserves  are  controlled  by  the general 
management,  and  are  placed  where  they 
are  needed.  They  can  be  moved  from 
one  branch  to  another  without  reduc­
ing  the  aggregate  held  by  the  bank. 
The  money  belongs  to  the  bank, whether 
it  be  locked  up  in  the vaults  of  the head 
office  or  the  branches.  The  public  mind 
is  not  therefore  alarmed  by  the  fluctua­
tions  in  cash  on  hand  that  take  place  in 
the  large 
financial  centers  owing  to 
shipments  to  the  country.  With  branch 
banking  a  great  saving could be effected 
in  the  financing  of  the  system.

illustrate  this,  suppose  a  consoli­
dation  of  the  First  National  Banks  of 
Milwaukee, 
Paul,  Minneapolis,

To 

St. 

The  percentage  of  cash  means,  in­
cluding  balances in  other  banks,to  gross 
deposits  is  41  against  19.6.

The  percentage  of  balances  due  from 
is  21.5 

to  gross  deposits 

banks 
against  9.9.

Amount  invested  in  loans  and  securi­
ties  as  compared  with  total  resources
62.9 ‘per  cent,  against  83  1  per cent.

How  is 

it  that the  Bank  of  Montreal
thus 
invests  83  per  cent,  of  its  total  re­
sources  while  we  can  only  invest  63  per 
cent,  of  ours?  The  difference 
in  the 
| amounts  carried  as  balances  due  by 
| banks  largely  accounts  for  it. 
1  have 
i already  shown  that  the  combination  has 
$27,555,816  in  this  item  against $9,217,- 
1  100  held  by  the  Bank  of  Montreal,  or 
21.5  per  cent,  of  gross  deposits  against
9.9  per cent.  Nor 
is  this  comparison 
j  strictly  correct,  for  the  Bank  of  Mon­
includes  balances  due  by  its  own
treal 
J agencies 
in  Great  Britain  and  the 
| United  States,  which  probably  represent

west  established  a  branch  in  New  York, 
the  item-balances  due  from  other  banks 
would  disappear  from  its  statement  ex­
cept  as  to  balances  due  from  banks  in 
foreign  countries.  This^would  enable  it 
to  loan  at  current  rates  from  $20,000,000 
to $25,000,000 of  funds  now  carried  as 
balances  due  from  bankB. 
In  ether 
the  earning  capacity  of  that 
words, 
amount  of  its  funds  would  be 
increased 
about 2  percent.,  yielding some $400,000 
or $500,000 a  year  additional  profit.  A 
closer  examination  of  the  Bank  of  Mon­
treal’s  statement  will  show  this  more 
plainly.  A  part  of 
its  loans  and  dis­
counts  is  grouped  in  its  statement along 
with  its  cash  on  hand  and  balances  due 
from  banks. 
is  thus  treated  as  an 
immediately convertible asset,and  there­
fore  part  of  its  available  cash  resources. 
It,  in  fact,  takes  the  place  of  balances 
due  from  banks  in  our statements. 
It 
is  stated  as  “ Call  and  Short  Loans  in 
Great  Britain  and  United  States,’ ’  and 
amounts  to  $29,397,548  or one-third  of 
the  bank's  total  loan. 
It  probably,  as  I 
have  already 
indicated,  earns  for  the 
bank  about  2  per  cent,  more  than  the 
corresponding 
in  our  statements 
earns  for  us,  or  about $600,000  per  an­
num,  equal  to  a  dividend  of  5  per  cent, 
on  the  bank’s  capital.

item 

It 

P u b lic .
in 

Our  subject, 

its  relation  to  the 
commercial,  financial and  industrial  in- 
tersts  of  the  country,  is  one  of  vast  im­
portance,  and  to  us  as  bankers  it 
is  of 
special  significance.

In 

the  evolution  of  the  business 
methods  of  the  country,  so  aggressive  in 
other  lines,  what 
is  to  be  our  perma­
nent  system  of  banking?  That  such  a 
question  should  remain  unanswered 
in 
the  present  stage  of  our  industrial  de­
velopment  seems 
incredible.  That  it 
does  so  remain,  however,  is  evidenced 
not  only  by  the  persistent  agitation  of 
the  subject,  but  by  the  consensus  of 
authoritative  opinion  in  regard  to  it. 
We  are  not  satisfied  with  wbat  we  now 
have.

The  development of  a National system 
of  banking 
in  this  country  has  twice 
been  diverted  from  its  natural  course. 
In  the  first  instance by erroneous politics 
when  President  Jackson  refused  to  re­
new  the  charter vof  the  Bank  of  the 
United  States,  and  again  when  for  the 
purpose  of  creating  a  market  for  its 
bonds,  the  Federal  Government  estab­
lished  our  present  National  system  of 
isolated  banks.

Had  banking,  as  in  the case  of  other 
lines  of  business,  been  allowed  to  work 
out 
its  own  destiny  untrammeled  by 
politics  and  free  from  subordination  to 
Government necessities,  a  system  would 
before  this  have  been  established  which 
would  have  made  itself  felt  as  a  potent 
factor  in  the  financial  affairs  of  nations. 
We  would  also  now  have  a  system  that 
would  stand  together  for  the  public  ben­
efit 
in  times  of  financial  distress.  As 
it  is  to-day  we  have  no  banks  that  will 
compare  in  financial  strength and power 
with  those  of  other countries.  While 
actively  competing  with  other  nations 
in  the  fields  of  commerce  and  industry, 
it  must  be  admitted  that  in  the  world's 
finance  we  are  away  behind  in  the  race; I 
nor does our  system  even  satisfactorily 
provide  for  our own  domestic  require­
ments.  The  need  of  coalition  among 
our  unit  banks  is  urgent.

In  times  of  finincial  distress 

instead 
of  standing  together in aid  of  the  public 
our  isolated  banks  are  compelled,  by the 
very 
law  of  their  existence,  and  by  the 
law  of  self-preservation,  to  assume  a 
hostile  attitude  towards  each  other. 
This 
is  why  for the  past  decade  the  re­
habilitation of  the  banking  business  has 
been  persistently advocated.  A  gratify­
ing  feature  of  recent  discussion  is  that 
it  is being  carried on outside the  domain 
of  politics.  Business  men,  bankers, 
writers  on  finance,  university  professors 
and  students  are  all,  from  their  differ­
ent  points  of  view,  carefully  studying 
the  question,  and there is  reason  to  hope 
that  it  will  be  settled  on  its  merits.

I  am  not  at  ail  pessimistic  about  it. 
In  other  lines  of  business,  through  the 
federation of  interests,  new  methods  are 
being  evolved 
in  behalf  of  economy  of 
administration,  and  for  the  better  per­
formance  of  public  functions. 
Some 
method  of  evolution  will  be  devised 
interests  of  the 
that  will 
banks  so  that  the 
individual  rights  of 
each  shall  not  be  sacrificed.

federate  the 

One  thing  urgently  necessary  is  con­
certed  instead  of  independent  action  in 
the face of pending danger.  Our  strength 
is  in  our cash  reserves,  which we  should 
be  able  to  concentrate  instead  of  being 
compelled to scatter  when  danger  threat­
ens.  Reserves  properly  controlled 
in 
times  of  financial  distress  will  prevent 
crises.  With  10,000  separate banks,  each

legal  cash  reserves. 

I  do  not  want  to  be  understood  as 
making  an  argument  for  a  reduction  in 
the 
In  Canada, 
where  no  limit  is  prescribed  by  law,  the 
banks  are  now  being  financed  on  what 
appears  to  me  to  be  a  dangerously  low 
percentage  of  cash  reserves.  In  a  recent 
annual  report  the  general  manager  of 
one  of  the  strongest  banks  in  Canada 
says: 
“ With  thitty-one  banks,  eight 
held  cash  exceeding  9  per  cent  of 
lia­
bilities;  fourteen  carried  from  5 to  9 per 
cent.,  and  ten 
less  than  5  per  cent.  ; 
some  of  the  latter  less  than  2  per  cent. 
Five  years  ago  the  percentage of  cash  to 
bank  liabilities  in  Canada  was  9  84. 
It 
is  now  a  little over  7  per  cent.  The  de­
cline  is  significant,  and.  the  attenuated 
cash  reserves  held  in  many  cases  brush 
aside  every  argument  against  fixed  cash 
reserves  and  call  for  the  immediate  en­
actment  of  appropriate  legislation.’ ’

This 

is  a  word  of  warning  which 
should  be  sufficient  to  stop  the  theorists 
in  this  country 
from  arguing  for  the 
abolishment  of  the legal  limit  of cash re­
serves.  The 
legal  cash  reserve  is  all 
right,  only  where  branch  banking  per­
mitted 
it  would  have  to  be  adjusted  to 
the  new  conditions.  Banks  with  their 
head  offices  in  central  reserve  cities 
could  not  maintain  25  per  cent,  legal 
cash  reserve 
for  the  deposits  at  the 
branches. 
It  would  not  be  necessary. 
The  discontinuance  of  the  legal  reserve 
of  outside  banks  forming so  large  a  part 
of  the  deposits  of  reserve  city  banks, 
which  branch  banking  would  bring 
about,  would  make  a  15  per cent,  cash 
reserve  ample.  This  would  be  about 
double  that  carried  by  the  Canadian 
banks.

An  act  to  amend  the  bank  act  is  now 
before  the  Canadian  Parliament,  which 
provides  that  banks  must  carry  cash  -re­
serves  of  not  less  than  10  per  cent,  of 
their  liabilities  to  the  public.  A penalty 
of  6  per  cent,  per  annum  on  any  defi­
ciency  for  the  period  of  default  is  ex­
pected  to  insure  the  observance  of  the 
law  in  ordinary  times  and provide  some 
elasticity  in  tight  times.  This  act  also 
appoints a  comptroller  to  take  charge  of 
the  government  inspection  of the  banks. 
Canada  originally  got  its  branch  bank 
system  from  the  United  States 
instead 
of  from  Scotland,  as is  sometimes  erron­
eously  stated.  Alexander Hamilton  was

about  half  the  amount.  It  shows  no  bal­
ance  at  all  due  from  other  banks  in 
Canada.  All  its  balances  due  by  banks 
are  foreign.

bank 

running 

Now,  how  is  it  that  we  find  this  great 
Canadian 
forty-eight 
branches  with  cash  reserves  of  about  10 
per  cent,  of 
its  deposits  and  balances 
due  by  other banks  of  say  5  per  cent., 
or  available  cash  resources  of  only  15 
per cent,  against  41  per  cent,  shown  by 
the  combination? 
It  is  simply  because 
they  can  do  their  entire  domestic  ex­
change  and  collection  business  within 
themselves  and  have  no  occasion  to  de­
posit  any  of  their  funds  with  other do­
mestic  banks.  The  balances  which  each 
of  our  banks  now  carry  with  corres­
pondents  for  exchange  purposes  are  en­
tirely  eliminated  when 
they  become 
branches  of  banks  with  offices  in  the 
financial  centers. 
If  the  banks  I  have 
referred  to  were  one  institution,  and  in 
addition  to  tbeir  six  offices in the North­

Omaha,  Kansas  City  and  Chicago. 
I 
have  combined  the  figures  of  these  six 
banks.  Let  us  then  for the  once 
imag­
ine  them  to  be  six  branches of  one  bank 
and  compare  the  combined  figures  with 
those  of  the  largest  Canadian  bank—the 
Bank  of  Montreal—with  its  forty-eight 
branches:

Combi na- 

Of the 
tion.

Capital.............................. $  8,750,000
Surplus  and  undivided
profits...........................  
6,391,857
Deposits.............................  136,415,117
Circulating  notes............. 
2,131,280

Of the 
Bank of 
Montreal.
1 3 ,0 0 0 ,0 0 0
$  
8,479.743
S4,672,239 
8,3°S,34°
$143,688,254  $  113,460,321
77.3So.975  $  S9.559.026 
617,697
3.786,370 
6,222,901 
4.2S4.332
600,000
270,219 
133.306
262.324 
27,555,816 
9,217,100
25,209,649 
9,048,841
$143,688,254  S  113,460,322
The  percentage  of  cash  on  hand  to 

Loans and discounts.......$
Government securities...
Bonds and stocks............
Banking  houses,  furni­
ture and fixtures.......
Other  real  estate  and
mortgages.................
Due from other banks.... 
Cash on hand............   ...

gross  deposits  is  ig.6  against  9.7.

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

4 5

J Headquarters  for  Everything S
f 

In  the  Grocery  Line 

V

(   CLARK-JEW ELL-W ELLS  CO.,  Grand  Rapids {

4 6

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

founder  of  it. 

the  author  and 
It  was 
strangled  by  politics  before  it  took  firm 
root  in  this  country,  but  was  adopted  by 
Canada  and  allowed  to  develop  natural­
improved  upon  there 
ly. 
legisla­
from  time  to  time  by  judicious 
tion  calculated 
it  up  and 
strengthen  it.

It  has  been 

to  build 

We  should  not,  therefore,  hesitate  to 
it. 
take  back  what  we  gave,  if  we  want 
Our  Canadian 
friends  will  not  grudge 
us  any  new  ideas  which their experience 
it  may  have  developed.  They  got 
of 
their  original 
from  us  and  even 
now  propose  to  adopt  probably  the  only 
two  features  of  our  system  which  would 
improve  theirs—legal  reserve  limitation 
and  governmental  inspection.

ideas 

is 

report, 

recently 

In  his  annual 

is­
sued,  the  Comptroller  of  the  Currency 
shows  that  on  Sept,  io,  1901,  the  Na­
tional  banks  had  13.7  pet  cent,  of  their 
total  resources  on  deposit  with  other 
banks,  while  the  thirty-four  chartered 
banks  of  Canada  had  only  5.1  per cent, 
so  employed.  This  comparison  is  strik­
ing  enough,  but  does  not  reveal 
the 
whole 
truth.  The  National  banks  do 
not  in  their  statements  separate  domes­
tic  from  foreign  balances.  The  Cana 
dian  banks  do,  and  the  balances  due 
from  banks 
in  Canada  only  amount to 
the 
insignificant  sum  of  $4,629,921. 
The  aggregate  amount  of  balances  due 
by  banks  in  the  combined  statement  of 
the  National  banks 
$785,000,000. 
Probably  $85,000,000 of  this  is  due  from 
foreign  banks, 
leaving  the  enormous 
sum  of $700,000,000  in  balances  due 
in 
account  between  banks  in  this  country. 
How  much  of  this  amount  under  branch 
banking  would  be  available  as  addi 
to  the  public  it 
tional  funds  loanable 
would  be  difficult  to  compute. 
The 
banks  that  owe  the  balances  use  them 
the  same as  they use their other deposits. 
Were  our  banks  divided  up  into  large 
institutions,  with  branches  capable  of 
financing  their  exchange 
transactions 
largely  within  themselves,  they  would 
be  saved  the  necessity  of  carrying  bal­
ances  with  other  banks.  Such  balances 
would  exist  only  between  the  branches 
separately  and  the  head  office.  The 
branches  do  not  keep  accounts  with 
each  other,  but  each  has  a  account  with 
the  head  office  through  which  its  opera­
tions  with the other branches are cleared. 
Hence,  as  already  stated,  and  as  shown 
by  the Canadian  banks'  statements,  bal­
ances  due  by  one  bank  to  another are 
practically  eliminated.  The  economy 
in  this  must  be  apparent.  The  result 
would  be  to  make  a  considerable  por­
tion  of  this  $700,000,000  available  for 
additional  loans  to  the  public,  and  con­
sequently  a  further  reduction  in  the  dis­
count  rate.  But  this is  not  the  only  ben­
efit  that  would accrue  by the  elimination 
of  these  bank  balances.  They  are  really 
a  great  weakness  and  a  perpetual  men­
ace  to  our system.

In the  last  annual  report of Mr.  Dawes, 
as  Comptroller  of  the Currency, he called 
the  attention  of  Congress  to  this  sub­
ject.  He  pointed  out  the  danger  to  our 
system  of  permitting  so  large  a  portion 
of  the 
legal  reserves  of  one  bank  to  be 
represented  by  deposits  in  another,  Mr. 
Dawes  was  entirely  right  in  his  diag­
nosis.  It  is  a  danger  which  confronts  us 
whenever  public  confidence  weakens. 
Whenever 
through 
fear,withdraw  tbeir  funds  from  their  re­
serve  agents  and  fortify  themselves  by 
increasing  their  cash  reserves  in  their 
own  vaults,  then  enforced 
liquidation 
takes  place  at  the 
financial  centers, 
where  weekly  reports  of  the  shrinkage 
are  published  for  the  further  terrifying 
of  the  already  alarmed  public.

individual  banks, 

I  am  not  surprised  that  Mr.  Dawes 
should  sound  a  note  of  alarm,  but  his 
remedy  was not  practical.  He  proposed 
to  change  the  present  law  so  that  one- 
fifth  instead  of  three-fifths  of  the  15  per 
cent,  legal  reserve  of  banks,  not  reserve 
agents,  may  consist  of  balances  due  by

reserve  banks  and  that  banks  in  reserve 
cities  be  compelled  to  keep  their en­
tire 
legal  reserve  in  the  shape  of  cash 
in  tbeir  vaults  the  same  as  those  in 
central  reserve  cities  now  do. 
This 
would  simply  require  the  banks,  by 
legal  enactment,  to  do  deliberately  what 
we  complain  of  their  doing under panic. 
Were 
it  once  accomr lished  the  system 
might  be  permanently  put  on  a  strong 
basis.ahhough it  would  be a very extrav­
agant  one ;  but  wbat  about the process of 
accomplishing  it?  Could  the  system 
ttand  the  withdrawal  from  the  central 
reserve  cities  of  practically  all  the  de­
posits  which  now  form  part  of  the  legal 
reserves  of  the  banks 
in  the  reserve 
cities,  and  the  withdrawal  of  two  thirds 
of  the  deposits  from  the  reserve  cities 
which  form  the 
legal  reserves  of  their 
correspondents?  The  question  has  only 
to  be  put  to  show  the  impracticability 
of  it.  The  real  cure  is  in  branch  bank­
ing,  in  connection  with  which,  in  his 
arguments  against  it,  Mr.  Dawes  is  now 
showing  as  little  practical  knowledge  as 
he  did  about  our  National  system  when 
he  made  such  a  radical  recommendation 
without  realizing  the  danger  of  it.

The 

financing  of  the  combined  bank 
being  under  central  contrcl,  cash  and 
cash  balances  with  correspondents could 
be  switched  around  as  circumstances 
required  without  changing  the  total.  As 
separate 
institutions,  however,  not  one 
of  the  combined  banks  can  of  its  own 
action  increase  its  cash  on  hand  except 
by  draft  on  a  correspondent  for  the 
amount,  which  to  that  extent  reduces 
the  correspondent’ s  deposits  and  cash 
on  band.  Under  ordinary 
circum­
stances  this  works  no  barm.  The  de­
mands  on  reserve  city  banks  for  cur­
rency  shipments  are promptly and cheer­
fully  responded  to  when  times  are  good 
and  money 
But  when 
shrinkage  in  values  and general liquida­
tion  set 
is  weak 
and  cash  balances  run  low,  the  effect  of 
our  present  method 
is  to  intensify  the 
strain  by  scattering  the  cash  reserves  of 
the  system  far  and  wide 
in  small,  iso­
lated  and  entirely 
independent  piles. 
Thus  is  the  country’ s  financial  strength 
dissipated  and  panic  produced.

in,  when  confidence 

is  plentiful. 

Just  the  reverse  of  this  would  be  the 
result  of  concerted  action  under  central 
control.  Money  would  be  placed  where 
it  was  most  needed,  while  the  cash  on 
hand  of  each  central  bank  and  all  its 
branches  would  be  made  public  without 
reference  to  its  different  locations.  A 
proper  average  reserve  could  be  main­
tained,  as 
it  would  make  no  difference 
at  which  of  the  branches  the  cash  was 
on  band  so  long  as  the  whole  of  it  was 
counted  in  the reserves  of  one  combined 
bank.

The  withdrawal  of  money  for  the 
strengthening  of  10,000 individual banks 
longer  reduce  the  reserves  of 
would  no 
the  banks 
in  the  reserve  cities  below 
the  legal  limit compelling them  to  resort 
to  clearing  house  certificates.

the  branch  systems, 

As  I  have  already  stated the aggregate 
cash  held  by  all  the  banks  in  the  Na­
tional  system  was  $22,000,00c  greater  in 
1893  than  it  was  in 
1892,  notwithstand­
ing  the  enormous  shrinkage  in  deposits 
and  the  scarcity  of  it  at  the  financial 
centers. 
If  all,  or  nearly  ail,  the  banks 
outside  the  reserve  cities  had  been 
branches  of  the  banks 
in  the  reserve 
cities,  so  that  tbeir  increased  cash  on 
hand  could  have  been  counted  as  the 
reserves  of 
it 
would  have  been  seen  that there  was 
plenty  of  money  in  the  country  and  no 
occasion 
for  panic.  But  practically 
the  only  cash  balances  that  received 
public  attention  were  those  of  the  New 
York  banks.  The  money  was  in  the 
banks  of 
increased 
amounts,  but 
it  was  not  discernible, 
there  being  no  means  ol  directirg  pub­
lic  attention  to 
it  nor any  method  of 
showing the combined  reserves  of  all the 
banks  as  the  strength  of  a  system.  This 
is  virtually  an  admission  that  in  reality 
we  have  no  system,  but  10,000  unit 
banks  under  independent  management, 
each  acting  for  itself  without  regard  to 
the  effect  of  its  action  on  the  others.

the  country 

Under  the  branch  banking  system  the 
cash  reserves  ate  kept  principally  in 
the  financial  centers,  or 
redemption 
cities.  They  are  seldom  or never needed

in 

outside  of  them,  the  transactions  of 
whole  sections  are cleared  daily  at  these 
centers  with  great  economy  of  both 
money  and  work.  Under our  system  in 
small  communities  banks  are  started 
with  $25,000 capital.  In  the  event  of the 
failure  of  some  local 
industry,  depos­
itors  become  alarmed.  They  have  no 
difficulty 
in  gauging  the  strength  of 
tbeir  bank.  They  know  the  amount  ot 
its  small  capital  and  smaller  availabh 
resources.  They  conclude  that  it  would 
not  take  much  to  break  it,  and  proceed­
ing  to  withdraw  their  deposits  they  ac­
complish  by  their  own  action  the  very 
thing  they  feared  would  happen.  The 
matter  is 
latgely  one  of  confidence. 
Branches  of  large  banks  establish  such 
confidence  that  alarm  is  not  easily taken 
and  runs are  unknown.  Small  branches 
can,  therefore,  be  managed  with  great 
economy  in  the  matter  of  cash  reserves
Where  there  is  an  issue  of assets  cur­
rency  in  connection  with  branch  bank­
ing,  as  there  frequently  is,  the  branches 
are  virtually  circulating  agencies  of  the 
parent  bank’s  notes  and  the  entire  cir­
culating  medium  for the  district is satis­
factorily  provided  through  them.  On 
the  other  hand  it  is  well  known  that  our 
small  banks  can  not  supply  the  borrow­
the  larger  indus­
ing  requirements  of 
tries  in  their  location.  The 
legal  re­
striction  put  upon  their  loaning  power 
makes  it  impossible  for  them  to  do  so. 
This,  notwithstanding 
that  many  of 
them  have  to  look  outside  their  own  lo­
calities  for  the  investment  of  their  sur­
plus  funds. 
In  consequence  of this  it 
has  become  the  practice  for the  larger 
manufacturing  concerns  and  business 
bouses  to  place  their  paper  through bro­
kers  in  the  financial  centers.

local  use 

With  too many  of  such  concerns credit 
is  no  longer  based  on  a  proper  under­
standing  with  their  bankers,  but  de­
pends  on  the  ability  of  their  brokers  to 
sell  their  paper,  in  such  amounts  as  the 
in  which  it  is  offered 
various  markets 
will  absorb.  There 
is  practically  no 
check  on  the  amount  issued  outside  of 
the 
limit  of  the  market  for  it.  This  is 
a  serious  defect  begotten  of  conditions 
produced  by  our  system  of  individual 
banks.  Under  a  branch  bank  system 
surplus  funds  are  taken  from  one  local­
ity  and  loaned  in  another  under the  di­
rection  of  the  general  management. 
Through  central  control  the  branches 
would  thus  be  able  to  supply  the  entire 
borrowing  requirements  of  tbeir  differ­
ent  localities  at  the  current  rates  of  dis­
count  prevailing  in  the  centers.  They 
would  have 
for  their  own 
funds,  and  if  more  could  be  legitimate­
ly  used  they  would  be  supplied  from 
headquarters.  We  would  no  longer  find 
the  paper  of  some  concerns  offered  in 
half  a  dozen  different  markets  by  as 
many  different  brokers.  Bankers  would 
get  into closer touch  with  borrowers and 
have  better  knowledge  of  what  they  are 
doing  for  them.  This  would  not  only 
be  better  banking,  but  would  be  much 
better  for the  borrowers themselves,  who 
could  make  all  their  financial  arrange­
ments  at  home,  and  have  such  arrange­
ments  as  could  be  relied  on.  Good 
customers  who  only  want  what  they  are 
legitimately  entitled  to,  and  what  any 
bank  in  a  position  to  do  so would gladly 
grant  them,  would  certainly  prefer  this. 
Good  borrowers  would  thus  be  properly 
taken  care  of  and  the  plungers  extermi­
nated.
There  are many  other  advantages  con­
nected  with  branch  banking,  such  a s : 
economy in  the  expense of management; 
better  opportunities  from  a  professional 
standpoint  of  training  young  men  for 
the  business;  greater  encouragement  for 
young  men  to  engage  in  the  business  as 
a . 
calling,  a  managership  being 
within  the  reach  of  everyone of ordinary 
ability  and  industry.

Such,  from  my  point  of  view,  with  a 
practical  experience  of  both  systems, 
are  some  of  the  advantages  to  be gained 
by  the  adoption  of  branch  banking. 
1 
am  far  from  holding  it  up  as  a  cure  for 
all  the 
ills  that  bankers  are  heir to. 
Branch  bankers  have  their .troubles  just 
as  we  have  ours.  Nor  am  I blind to  the 
advantages of our National system as  ad­
vocated  by 
is 
something  in  the  argument  of  the  inter­
est  which  each  community  takes  in  its

admirers.  There 

its 

it 

industries. 

in  Canada,  and 

own  institutions,  and  the  benefit  of  hav­
ing  a  bank  under  local  control  to  build 
up  local 
I  have  read  with 
much  interest  Mr.  Frame’s  criticism  of 
/some  cf  the  views  expressed  at  the  con­
vention  of  the  American  Bankers'  A s­
sociation  held  here  last  October. 
It  is 
an  able  paper  and  carries  conviction 
with 
in  many  particulars.  But  the 
conclusions  he  arrives  at,  as  tersely 
stated  in  the  few  words  he  addresses  to 
the  bankers  of  the  United  States, I  can 
not  agree  with.  He  says: 
“ Branch 
banking  means  monopoly.  Monopoly 
means  revolution  in  banking.  Are  you 
ready  to  surrender?" 
I  am  as  much 
opposed  to  monopoly  and  revolution  as 
he  can  possibly  be.  Branch  banking 
does  not  mean  monopoly,  and  1  believe 
it  can  be  brought  about  by  evolution 
and  without  revolution.  Competition 
would be  keener  through  the country  un­
der  branch  banking  than  it 
is  now. 
Branches  are  established  in  every  vil­
lage 
in  many  towns 
there  are  more  branches  than  one  where 
a  $25,000  National  bank  under  our  sys­
tem could  barely  exist.  There  is  no  in­
tention, nor  would  there  be  opportunity, 
of  having  the  whole  absorbed  by  one, 
which  would  be  monopoly.  Even  with 
a  branch  bank  system  we  must  always 
have  a  large  number  of  banks  compet­
ing 
for  the  enormous  business  of  this 
country.  Mr.  Frame  admits  this  when 
he  says:  “ As  Great  Britain  has  129 
great  banks  with  over  5,500  branches 
bis  (Mr.  Stickney’s)  parallel  for  the 
United  States  would 
indicate  say  250 
large  central  banks  with  more  than 
10,000  others  as  tails  to the big kites.  In 
short,  his  scheme  was  simply  to  revo­
lutionize our  banking system.''  This  is 
surely  not  monopoly  that  be  thus  de­
scribes,  but  active  competition  among 
250  kites  with  10,000 tails  all  flying  for 
business. 
In  regard  to  revolutionizing 
the  system,  my 
imagination  does  not 
follow  Mr.  Frame’s prediction, for where 
be  sees  the  sudden  upheaval  and  quick 
action  of  revolution  I  can  only  see  the 
slow  and  gradual  process  of  evolution, 
a  process  extending  over  at least  a  gen­
eration,  and  probably  a  century  or 
more.  The  permission  granted  to  Na­
tional  banks  under  proper  restrictions 
to  establish  branches  can  not 
immedi­
ately  change  five  thousand  of  the  exist­
ing  banks  into  branches  of  the  remain­
ing  five  hundred.  Consolidation  and 
absorption  are  matters  of  negotiation 
and  bargain,  and  therefore  slow  and 
gradual  as  conditions  change  and  op­
portunity  occurs.  It  always  has been so. 
In  England  the  evolution  from  individ­
ual 
local  banks  to  branch  systems  has 
been  in progress for  100  years  and is still 
in  operation. 
In  Canada  the  system 
has  been  one  of  gradual  development, 
and  there  still  remain  local  banks  ac­
tively  competing  with  branches  for  the 
business  of  their  localities.

One  of  the  first  official  acts  of  any 
importance  assigned  to  me  twenty-five 
years  ago  was  the  examination  óf  the 
Union Bank  of  Prince Edward  Island  in 
contemplation  of  its  consolidation  with 
the  Bank  of  Nova  Scotia.  The  merger 
was  accomplished,  and  since  that  time 
the  Bank  of  Nova  Scotia  has  bad  its 
branch  in  Charlottetown  competing with 
the  branches  of  other  large  banks  and 
with  the  Merchants  Bank  of  P.  E.  1., 
another  local 
institution  which  has  re­
tained 
its  local  organization  and  indi­
viduality  with  a  capital  of  $300,000,  on 
which  it  pays  8  per  cent^dividend.

in  consequence  of 

Later  I  was  called  upon  to  establish  a 
branch  of^ the  same  bank  in  Liverpool, 
Nova  Scotia,  on  the  ruins  of  two  local 
institutions  which  went 
into  enforced 
liquidation 
local 
business  conditions  beyond  their  con­
trol.  Still  later  I  undertook  the  prelim­
inary  negotiations  for the  establishment 
of  branches  at  St.  Stephen  and  Fred­
ericton,  New  Brunswick,  where 
in  the 
former,  the  St.  Stephen’s  Bank,  with  a 
capital  of $200,000,  had  for  many  years 
done  business  and  is  still  in  existence, 
paying  5  per cent,  dividends;  and in the 
latter,  the  Peoples  Bank  of  Fredericton, 
had  for many  years  done  business and is 
still  active  with  a  capital  of  $180,000, 
on  which  it  pays  8  per cent,  dividends.
In  Yarmouth,  Nova  Scotia,  a  branch 
in  existence  for  three-fourths

has  been 

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

4 7

G R A N 6   R A P IB S

Is  rapidly  becoming  the  resort  city  of 
Michigan,  and  deservedly  so,  because no  other 
city  in  the  State  has  such  attractions  as  the 
BIG  T H R E E -R eed ’s  Lake,  North  Park  and 
John  Ball  Park.

But,  winter  or  summer,  there  is  always  something  doing  and  visitors to the city need not  have 
a  dull  moment.  Nearly  every  sort  of  amusement  can  be  found  somewhere  along  the  line  of 
the  Grand  Rapids  Railway  Company’s  lines,  and  if  you  will  step  into  their  general  informa­
tion  bureau  (No.  38  N.  Ionia  St.)  you  can  find  out  anything  you  wish  about  the  city,  its  at­
tractions,  its  hotels,  streets,  railways  or  anything  of  public  interest.  The  Company  main­
tains  a  corps  of  clerks  whose  business  it  is to answer questions gratis. 
If  you have a moment 
to  spare  run  into  the  office  and  find  out  what you can do or where you can go for  a good time.

4 3

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

of  a  century  competing  with  two  local 
banks,  one  with  $300,000,  the  other  with 
$264,000  capital,  on  which  they  each 
pay  5  per  cent,  dividends.
In  Windsor,  Nova  Scotia,  the  Com­
mercial  Bank,  a 
local  institution,  held 
the  field  entirely  to  itself  for  more  than 
a  quarter  of  a  century  with  a  capital  of 
$350,000,  on  which 
it  pays  6  per cent, 
dividends.
In  St.  Johns,  N.  B.,  the  Bank  of 
New  Brunswick,  until  within  the  last 
few  years  a  purely  local  institution,  has 
done  business  on  a  capital  of $500,000 
in  competition  with  branches  of  the 
largest  banks  in  Canada  and pays  12 per 
cent,  dividends.

In  other  places  through  Canada 

local 
hanks  are  actively 
competing  with 
branches of  the  large  banks.  Compara­
tively,  however,  they  operate  at  a  dis­
advantage  from  the  standpoint  of  econ­
omy  and  are  not,  therefore,  so  remuner­
ative  on  capital 
invested  as  are  the 
large  banks.
These  matters  1  recall  from  my  per­
sonal  knowledge  and  experience,  and, 
is  a  better  guide 
after  all,  experience 
than  theory. 
1  mention  them  to  show 
that  no  such  thing  is  likely  to  occur  as 
that  predicted  by  Mr.  Frame.  He  an­
ticipates  that  “ the  10,000  banks  in  the 
United  States  will  have  a  monopolistic 
brood  of  250 great  central  banks  polite­
ly  or  otherwise  saying  to  them,  ‘ either 
sell  out  or  get  out  of  business.'  ”
The  facts  are  that  local  institutions 
will  neither  have  to  sell  nor  get  out  of 
business,  unless  they  deem 
it  to  their 
advantage  to  do  the  one  or  voluntarily 
do  the  other.  With  the  deposits  of  their 
localities  in  their  hands  and  with 
local 
interest  and 
influence  to  support  them 
they  would  be  in  absolute  control  of  the 
situation. 
In  any  negotiations  looking 
to  consolidation  or  the  purchase  of  th<“ir 
business  they  would  bold  the  command­
ing  position  and  would  be  well  fortified 
to  protect  their 
rights.  They  would 
have  the  good  will  of  an  established 
business,the  value  of  which  they would, 
no  doubt,  know.  They  could  retain 
it 
and  continue  in  business,  or they  could 
dispose  of 
it  when  they  got  ready  at  a 
competitive  price,  for  they  would  have 
more  than  one  central  bank  to  dicker 
with.  The  officers  would  practically 
retain  their  positions  and  their standing 
in  the  community,  as  their connection 
with  the  business  would  necessarily 
have  to be maintained.  Each  individual 
case  would  have  to  be  dealt  with  on  its 
merits,  and  1  see  no  reason  to  fear  that 
the  rights  of  any  individual  or  institu­
tion  would  be  disregarded  or  interfered 
with.  Changes  in  methods  and  systems 
naturally  beget  fears  and  misgivings, 
and  it  would  be  strange  if  such  an 
im­
portant  suggestion  as  this  did  not  pro­
duce  them. 
I  see  no  cause  for  appre­
hension,  however,  as  I  see  no  reason  to 
believe  that  were  the  power  granted  to 
banks  in  this  country  to  open  branches 
the  result  would  be  any  different  from 
that  which  experience  has  shown 
it  to 
be  in  other  countries  where  the  system 
has  been  adopted.  We  have  no  banks 
to-day  so  equipped  that  they  could  start 
branches  except 
in  the  most  initiatory 
manner.
The  only  possible  way  the  system 
could  be  developed  would  be  by  the 
slow  process  of  consolidation  with  such 
banks  as  might  be  willing  to  negotiate 
towards  that  end.  That  would  mean  one 
deal  at  a  time,  and  unless  both  were 
willing 
there  could  be  no  merger. 
That  it  would  come  about  by  gradual 
evolution 
if  it  were  permitted  1  do  not 
doubt,  for  although  prejudice  and  in­
dividual  interests  might  retard  it,  these 
would  be  overcome  when  the  public  be­
came  familiar  with  the  great advantages 
of  the  system. 

James  B.  Forgan.

A rtificia l  R h in e  W in e.

The  process  of  making  artificial 
Rhine  wine  is  somewhat  complicated. 
Mix  one  pound  of  essence  in  three  gal­
lons  of  proof  spirits  and  add  37  gallons 
of  rectified cider;  then  dissolve  a  pound 
of  tartaric  acid  in  a  half  gallon  of  hot 
water,  and  add  to  suit  taste.  About 
one-half  of  the  Rhine  wine  used  in  the 
United  States  is  made  in  this  manner.
What  grows  bigger  the  more  you  con­

tract  it?  Debt.

T H E   F IS H   T R A D E .

Som e  C hanges  W h ich   T w en ty Y ears H ave I 

W  rough t.

I  will  go  back  to  1883,  when  I  first 
engaged  in  this  business in  Grand  Rap­
ids.

At  that  time  the  most  popular  fish 
in  our  markets  were  whitefisb, 
sold 
pickerel,  black  bass,  trout,  etc.,  al­
though,  in  fact,  they  are no  less  popular 
to-day.  These  were  caught in abundance 
at  all  the  nearby  ports,including  Michi­
gan  City,  Ganges,  St.  Joseph,  Grand 
Haven  and  Muskegon.  At  the  present 
time  there  are  few  whitefish  or  pickerel 
caught  at  any  of  these  places,  Michigan 
City  alone  furnishing  a  few  whitefish 
and  trout.  Herring  are  getting  very 
scarce,  therefore the higher  prices  which 
prevail. 
1883  whitefish,  trout  and 
No.  1  pickerel  could  be  bought  at  5@ 
5^ c  per  pound,  delivered,  while  at 
present  the  same  varieties  of  fish  are 
quoted  at  9 > £ @ i o c .  Three years ago the

In 

tematized  methods  of  transportation  and 
distribution  enable  it to  keep all  the  ter­
ritories  supplied.

The  scarcity  of  fish  in  the  waters  of 
the  Great Lakes  is  now becoming appar­
ent  to  all  engaged  in  the  business.  A 
great  many  concerns  are  employed  in 
fishing  and  the  waters  are  fast  being 
depleted  to  keep  pace with the increased 
consumption,  for  we  are  fast becoming  a 
fish-eating  nation.  The  consumption 
every  year  is  greatly  in  excess  of  the 
previous  years  and 
last  year  the  per­
centage of increase was  larger  than  ever. 
The  high  prices  of  fresh  meats  may 
in 
a  measure  account  for  the  record  of  last 
year,  however.

Fish  is  now  almost  a  daily  diet  on  all 
tables 
in  one  form  or  another  and  no 
dinner  is  now considered complete  with­
out one  or  two  fish  courses.  Mackinaw 
whitefish,  Northern  Lake  Michigan  and 
Lake  Superior  whitefish  are  the  choicer 
and  more  delicately  flavored.  The  Man-

P rop osed   T o  G et  E ven .

“ Now,  madam,”   said  the  counsel 
for the  defendant  to  a  little,  wiry,  black- 
eyed,  fidgety  woman  who  had been sum­
moned  as  a  witness  in a case,  “ you  will 
please  give  your  evidence 
in  as  few 
words  as  possible.  You  know  the  de­
fendant?”

“ Know  who?”
“ The  defendant—Joshua  Bagg?”  
“ Josh  Bagg?  1  do  know  him,  and  I 
knowed  his  father  before  him,  and  I 
don't  know  nothing  to  the  credit  of 
either  of  ’em,  and  I  don’t  think—"  
“ We  don't  want  to  know  what  you 
think,  madam.  Please  say  ‘ yes'  or  ‘ no* 
to  my  questions. ”

“ What  questions?”
“ Do  you  know  Joshua  Bagg?”
“ Don’t  I  know  'im,  though!  You  ask 
if  he  knows  me.  Ask  him 
Josh  Bagg 
if  he  knows  anything 
'bout  trying  to 
cheat  a  poor  widder  like  me  out  of  $25. 
Ask—”

' “ Madam,  I—”
“ Ask  him  whose  orchard  he  robbed 
last  and  why  be  did  it  in the night.  Ask 
his  wife,  Betsy  Bagg,  if  she  knows any­
thing  about  slippin’  into  a  neighbor’s 
field  and  milking  three  cows  on  the  sly. 
Ask—”

“ Look  here,  madam—”
“ Ask Josh  Bagg about that uncle  of bis 
that  died 
in  prison.  Ask  him  about 
letting  his  poor  old  mother  die  in  the 
workhouse.  Ask  Betsy  about  putting 
a  big  brick  into a  lot  of  butter  she  sold 
last  spring—”

“ Madam,  I  tell  you—”
“ See 

if  Josh  Bagg  knows  anything 
about  feeding  ten  head  of cattle  on  all 
the  salt  they  could  eat  and  then 
letting 
them  swill  down  all  the  water they could 
hold,  just  'fore  he  driv  them  into  town 
and  sold  'em.  See  what  he’s  got  to 
say  to  that!”

“ That  has  nothing  to do with the case.

I  want  you  to—”

“ Then  there  was  old  Azrael  Bagg, 
own  uncle  to  Josh,  got  kicked  out  of  his 
native  town,  and  Betsy  Bagg’s  own 
brother  got  ketcbed  in a neighbor’s hen­
house  at  midnight.  Ask  Josh—”  

“ Madam,  what  do  you  know  about 

this  case?”

“ I  don’t  know  a  iivin'  thing  ’ bout  it, 
but  Urn  sure  Josh  Bagg  is  guilty,  what­
ever  it  is.  The  fact  is  I ’ve  owed  them 
Baggses  a  grudge  for  the 
last  fifteen 
years,  and 
1  got  myself  called  up  on 
purpose  to get  even  with  'em,  and  I  feel 
I’ve  done  i t !”

S p ok e  H is  P iece.

A  dear  little  boy  whose  home  is  in 
New  Jersey,but  whose  identity  shall  not 
be  further  disclosed,  attended  school 
winter  and  on  an  occasion  when 
visitors  were  announced  took  part  in 
in  their  honor.  The  exer­
exercises 
cises 
recitations  by  the 
brighter  children  and  among  them  this 
dear  little  boy  was called on.  He recited 
in  perfectly  good  faith  the  following 
which  he  had  learned  or  caught  from  an 
indulgent  nurse  with  semi-poetical 
in­
stinct :

comprised 

Jane  ate  cake  and  Jane  ate  jelly,
Jane  went  to  bed  with  a  pain  in  her— 
Now  don't get  excited 
Don't  be  misled,
For  what Jane  had  was  a  pain  in  her 
When  the  youngster  told  of  this  to  his 
entirely  surprised and somewhat shocked 
parents  they  asked  him :

"W hat  did  the  teacher say?”
He  replied:  “ She  said  nothing.  She 
just  turned  around  and 
looked  out  of 
the  window but  the  scholars  and  visitors 
wanted  me  to  say  it  again.”

head.

F u tu r e   V en gean ce.

“ You’ ll  be  sorry  for  this  some  d ay!”  
howled  the  son  and  heir  as  his  father 
released  him  from  the  position  he  had 
occupied  across  the  paternal  knee.

“ I'll  be  sorry?  When?”
“ When  I  get  to  be  a  man!”

You  will  take  revenge  by  whipping 
your  father  when  you  are  big  and strong 
and  I  am  old  and  feeble,  will  you, 
Johnny?"

bing  himself, 
grandchildren  until  they  can't  rest!”

I'll  spank  your 

“ but 

into  existence,  which 
fish  trust  came 
may  have  had  something  to  do  with  the 
advance  in  prices.  However,  there  are 
a  few  independent  fish  companies  oper­
ating  at  the  different  fishing  ports  on 
the 
lakes  and  their  prices  are  fully  as 
much  and  often  higher  than  those  of  the 
trust.  Other  important  reasons  for  the 
advance  in prices  on  whitefish  and  trout 
are  the  greatly 
improved  facilities  in 
transportation.  Express  companies  now 
run  refrigerator  cars  to  all  parts  of  the 
United  States,  distributing  our  lake  fish 
in  first-class  condition  within  a 
few 
hours  after  they  are  caught,  and  there  is 
not  a  market  in  the  South  or East  where 
people  may  not 
indulge  in  the  luxury 
of  lake  fish.  Lake fish  find  a  ready  sale 
everywhere,  which  necessarily  lessens 
our  home  supply,  making  the  demand 
greater  than  the  supply,  hence  another 
reason  for  the  higher  prices.  Then  the 
fish  trust 
is  in  touch  with  the  markets 
all  over  the  United  States  and  its  sys-

Grand  River 

itoba  product  is  of  coarser  fiber and  not 
so  delicate  in  flavor.
formerly  contributed 
large  numbers  of  sturgeon,  which,  to­
gether  with  other  varieties,  furnished 
immense  quantities  of  fish  eggs,  which 
the  course  of time  returned  to  us  in 
in 
neat  cans  in  the  form  of  the well-known 
delicacy,  Russian  caviare;  but  this 
in­
dustry  is  also becoming  extinct.

In  days  gone  by  Grand  River  suckers 
were  shipped  to  Southern  markets  and 
sold  under  the  name  of  “ Lake  shad," 
but  there  is  a  very  perceptible  decrease 
in  this  bony  tribe  at  the  present  time.

With  ail  the  scarcity  and  the  higher 
prices,  fish  are  an  economical  diet,  and 
will continue  to  be,  it  is hoped,  for manv 
years  to  come. 
F.  J.  Dettenthaler.  '

L im ite d   E x p e rie n c e .

The  Widow—I  suppose you  are  famil­
iar  with  warfare  in  all  its various forms, 
Major?
The  Major—Not  all,  madam,  not  all, 

I  am  still  in  the  bachelor  ranks.

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

4 9

Standard  “ D ”  Crackers

Are  the ones  that  the  people  want  and  draw  the  trade.  Once  used

always  used,  because  they  are  t h e   crackers;  n o n e   better.  We 

always have  a  complete  stock  on  hand  of  our  celebrated  Blue  Ribbon 

Square,  Bud  Oyster  and  Snowdrop  Oyster  Crackers,  which  are  so  pop­

ular with  the  public. 

If you  have  not  a  supply,  order  some  now. 

It 

means  dollars  to  you  and increased  trade.

A  trial  order will convince  you.  Write  us  now;  not  to-morrow. 

Prompt  reply  and immediate  shipment.

E.  J.  Kruce  &  Co.,  Detroit,  Mich.

ALASKA  REFRIGERATORS

GROCERS  :  Have  you  an  attractive  and  up-to- 
date  Grocer’s  Refrigerator in  your  store,  and  one 
that  has the cooling  qualities and is an  ice  saver ? 
We  manufacture  that  kind  and  guarantee  them.
We  make

3

0

Styles and Sizes

for  Grocers'  Use

to select  from.  Write for catalogue. 
It  will  pay 
you.  We  also  manufacture  a  complete  line  of 
Alaska,  zinc-lined,  tile-lined  and  white-enameled 
(baked on)  refrigerators for household use.

The ALASKA

REFRIGERATOR  C O .

Muskegon, Mich.

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

Perhaps  there  is  no  greater  sufferer 
from  long  hours than  the  drug  clerk,  the 
young  man  who  is  compelled  to grad­
uate  from  a  recognized  college  of  phar­
macy  and  stand  an  examination  before 
he  can  accept  a  position  as  clerk  in  a 
drug  store.  Every  day  he  opens  the 
store  at  7  in  the  morning  and  closes  at 
it  o’clock  at  night.  Often  he 
is  com­
pelled  to  sleep  in  the  store  all  night  so 
as to  be  there  in  case  of  a call  for a  pre­
scription  or  through  fear  an  accident 
may  happen 
that  would  necessitate 
medical  attention.  The  welfare  of  the 
public  thus  prevents  him  from  going  to 
his  own  home  to  sleep.

There  is  an  old  saying  that  one  hears 
sometimes  to-day  that  “ the  clerk  of  to­
day  is  the  merchant  of  to-morrow.”  
Is 
it  true? 
I  do  not  think  so.  How  can 
a  clerk  working  on  the  wages  paid  to­
day  and  with  the  increase  in  living  ex­
penses 
save  a  sufficient  amount  of 
money  to  enable  him  to  go  into  busi­
ness?  How  could  he  meet  the  competi­
tion  he  would  have  to  face?  Then  if 
the  competition  be  so  strong  to-day  and 
requires  so  much  capital,  what  will 
it 
be  in  the  future  if  trusts  and  combina­
tions  continue  to 
increase  as  they  are 
both  in  the  manufacturing  and  retailing 
of  the  commodities  of  life?

lies 

the  city  because  the  hours  of  labor on 
the  farm  are  too  long.  There  they must 
toil  from  sunrise  until  8  o’clock 
in  the 
evening  without  receiving  enough  to 
live  on  comfortably.  They  come  to  the 
city  and  become  our  clerks,  not  realiz­
ing  that  their  conditions  will  not  be 
bettered.  The  only  remedy  for  these 
conditions,  in  my  estimation, 
in 
universal  organization  and co-operation. 
Without  them  the  retail  clerks  never 
can  become  successful  and  the  existing 
conditions  be  eliminated  from 
their 
lives. 
T he  L aw   o f  th e   S u rv iv a l  o f  th e  F itte st.
We  hear  a  great  deal  of  the increasing 
difficulty 
in  profitably  conducting  a 
retail  shoe  business  with  ail  the  new 
forms  of  competition  which  have  to  be 
encountered  by  the  exclusive  shoe  deal­
er.  These  difficulties  are  usually  met 
with 
larger  and  medium-sized 
cities  where  the  distribution  of  shoes  is 
greatest.  We are  also  told  that  the  store 
of  the  manufacturer  who believes in sell­
ing  his  own  shoes 
is  coming  to  be  a 
considerable  factor  in  the large  cities.

H.  F.  Conway.

in  the 

More  serious  still  is  the  tendency  of 
dry  goods  and  department  stores  to  add 
shoes  to  their  stocks  where  they  are  not 
now  sold, and  to  push  them  more  strong­
ly  where  they  are  already  a  feature  of 
the  business.

who  would  no  more  think  of  going  to 
some  other  store 
for  their  shoes  than 
they  would  give  up  their  family  physi­
cian  who  had  served  them  well  for 
some  new  M.  D.,  whose  shingle  was  a 
little  longer  ora  little  wider,  and  whose 
automobile  had  a 
little  more  colored 
paint  on 
it  than  the  carriage  of  their 
old  friend.

We  claim  that  there  are  worse  evils 
than  the  aggressive  competition  of  de­
partment  or  manufacturers'  stores. 
In 
the  strife  for  public  patronage,  quality 
of  merchandise  and  quality  of  service 
must 
if  the  new­
comer  does  his  shoe  selling  along  these 
lines  and  better  than  the  old  stands,  he 
is  going  to  win. 
If  the  old  stores  do  it 
better,  then  they  will  win.

inevitably  win,  and 

The  man  who  complains  at  competi­
tion  should  put  his  merchandise,  his 
salespeople,  his  business  policy  under 
his  own  mental  microscope.  If  his  busi­
ness 
is  on  the  decrease  be  should  look 
into  his  own  affairs  first.  He  will  not 
discover  the  reasons  by  standing  in  the 
doorway  in  bis  shirt  sleeves,  watching 
the  people  go 
in  and  out  of  bis  new 
competitor’s  establishment.

No  man  has  ever  successfully  met 
competition  by  ridiculing 
it,  running 
it  down  to  his  clerks  and  his  lriends  or 
railing  against  it  in  his  advertising. 
If 
a  new  man  comes  along  and  does  a  bet­
ter  and  bigger  business  than  his  con­
temporaries,  the  chances  are  that  he 
knows  more  about  the  right  way  to 
please  people  and  sell  them  satisfactory 
shoes  than  they  do,  and  be  will  keep 
on  eating  into  the  business  until  each 
one  for  himself  has  learned  the  better 
way  and  applied  the  principles  to  his 
own  business.

law  of  the  survival  of  the  fittest 
The 
proves 
in 
itself  in  shoe  retailing  as 
every  other avenue  of  human  endeavor.
—Shoe  Retailer.

T h e  P o in t  o f V iew .

Old  Moses,  who  belonged  to  Judge 
J —.  of  Macon,  Miss.,  ” befo’  the  wah,”  
was  for  many  years  sexton  and  a  devout 
member  ol  the  Presbyterian  church. 
Shortly  alter  the  war the  colored  Metho­
dists  of  the  community  held  a  rousing 
meeting,  in  which  Moses 
loudly  pro­
fessed  conversion,  and  joined  the  Meth­
odist  church.  Some  days  afterward  the 
Judge  met  him,  and  asked: 
'  How’s 
this,  Mose? 
I  bear  you  have  joined  the 
Methodists. 
I  thought  I  brought  you 
up  better than  that.”

Mose  took  off  his  hat,  and  solemnly 
scratched  his  woolly  pate  as  he  replied: 
“Yes  sir,  massa,  dat's  so—dat’s  so—de 
Presbyterian  people  am  a  mighty  fine 
people,  an’  de  Presbyterian  church  am 
a  mighty  fine  church—but—massa— 
don’t  you  tink 
it  am  powerful  dismal 
fer a  nigger?”

5 0

T H E   R E T A IL   C L E R K .

F rom  th e S ta n d p o in t o f  th e   W a lk in g  D e le ­

ga te.

The  retail  clerk  to-day  is  worse  off 
than 
the  hodcarrier  who  receives  30 
cents  an  hour  and  works  day  after  day 
in  a  suit  of  old  clothes  which  he  can 
discard  when  his  work  is  done.  The 
clerk,  on  the  other  hand,  must  meet  the 
public  clad 
in  good  clothing,  which 
takes  a  large  part  of  his  income.  While 
the  hodcarrier  works  ten  hours  a  day 
the  clerk  toils  twelve, 
fourteen  and 
sometimes  sixteen  hours.

The  conditions  of  the  retail  clerks  of 
to-day—an  army  of  wage  earners  com­
posed  of  men  and  women,  both  old  and 
young—are  such  that  it  is  impossible  to 
consider  them 
in  all  localities  in  this 
article.  In  the  city  of  Chicago  there  are 
two  classes—the  clerks  who  work 
in 
the 
large  department  stores  on  State 
street  and  the  ones  in  the  stores  on  the 
outside.

In  the  State  street  department  stores 
the  hours  of  labor have  been  constantly 
shortened  until  now  these  stores  open  at 
8  in  the  morning  and  close  at  6 o’clock 
in  the  afternoon  and  remain  closed  on 
Sunday.  But  the  rules  in  these  houses 
are  so  strict  and  enforced  so  severely 
that  they  sometimes  remind  one  of  a 
penal 
institution  instead  of  a  place  of 
employment.

One  recognizes  that  any  successful 
place  of  business  must  have  system  and 
rules  and  regulations  governing  its  em­
ployes,  but  a  great  many  of  the  little 
petty  rules  can  be  eliminated.  Above 
all,  more  wages  can  be  paid  the  clerks 
on  State  street  than  are  paid  at the pres­
ent  time.

In  the  outside  stores  the  hours  are 
long.  The  stores  open  at 
entirely  too 
7  o’clock 
in  the  morning  and  remain 
open  until  9  and  9 ¡30  in  the  evening, 
except  Wednesday  and  Friday  nights, 
when  they  close  at  6 o’clock.  To  coun­
terbalance  these  few  hours  of  leisure, 
however,  the  clerks  must  remain  Satur­
day  night  until  10:30  and  11 o’clock and 
then  be  in the  store  on  Sunday from 7 ¡30 
in  the  morning  until 
1  o’clock  in  the 
afternoon.  Think  of  the  feelings  of  the 
girls  and  young  women  who  are  com­
pelled  to 
labor all  these  hours  in  order 
to  help  fill  the  family  larder.  They 
have  absolutely  no  time  to  participate 
in  the 
innocent  pleasures  of  life,  can 
not  even  find  time  to  attend  to  their 
Christian  duties.  As  an  excuse  for  be­
ing  compelled  to  work  on  Sunday  the 
clerks  are  told 
the  merchants  must 
keep  open  to  accommodate  the public.”
In  many  cases  the  stores  are  patronized 
by  the  families  of  the  clerks  employed 
in  these  stores,thus  depriving  their  own 
flesh  and  blood  of  enjoying  Sunday  as 
a  day  of  rest.

The  clerk  in  the  grocery  store  is  com­
pelled  to  open  the  store  at  5 :3o  in  the 
morning  and  work  almost  continuously 
until  9 0  clock  at  night,  and  sometimes 
even  later. 
In  addition  to  this  he  must 
be  there  a  half  day  on  Sunday.  Why 
should  he  work  so  many  hours?  Does 
it  require  all  this  time  to  transact  the 
business  done  on  that  day?

No,  it  is  only  again  the  selfishness  of 
the  public  in  compelling  them  to  work 
so  long.  As  solicitors  make  the  rounds 
for  all  the  stores,  orders  could  be  given 
them  and  filled  without  the  loss  of  the 
additional  time  by  the  clerk.  But  be­
cause  they  are  not  the  grocery  stores  are 
keeping  open  from  early  morning  until 
late  at  night,  when  their  business  could 
be  done  the  same  as  in  the  large  de­
partment  stores  and  the  clerks  given 
shorter  hours.

Even  men’s 

furnishing  goods  and 
clothing  stores  seem  to  have  the  shoe­
selling  fever,  and  to-day  a  great  many 
of  this  class  of  retail  establishments  are 
selling  shoes,  and 
in  many  cases  they 
are  concerns which would have  ridiculed 
the  idea  a  few  years  ago. 
In  New  York 
(and  we  presume  the  instance  is  dupli­
cated  elsewhere)  certain  stores  making 
a  specialty  of women’s garments,  waists, 
etc.,  have  added  shoes.

This  multiplication  of  retail  distribu­
tors  must  necessarily  have  its  effect  in 
stunting  the  growth  of  the  exclusive 
shoe  dealers’  business;  but  we  believe 
its  evil  effects  have  been  largely  mag­
nified  by  those  most  affected.

The  shoe retailer without  any  business 
policy,  the  man  who  runs  an  indifferent 
sort  of  a  store,  caring  nothing  for  pres­
tige,  reputation,  quality  or  permanent 
satisfaction  to  the  customer,  must  nec­
essarily  feel  the  stress  of  this  competi­
tion  most  keenly.  The  only  trade  he 
ever  had  was  of  the  fleeting,  transient 
sort  that  comes  once,  or  maybe  twice, 
and  then  drops 
into  some  other store 
with  bigger  bargains  or  more  flaring an­
nouncements.  Before  this  new  element 
entered  into  the  game  he  could  manage 
to  work  off  the  job  lots,  odds  and  ends, 
last  season's  styles,  etc.,  with  fairly 
good  results.

Take,  as  an  illustration,  a  combina­
tion  effected  not  long  ago.  Fifty  retail 
stores  were  brought  under  one  head. 
The  manager  buys  in  carload  lots  and 
retails  through  his  own  stores  at  prices 
the  ordinary  merchant  cannot  get  when 
he  goes  to  the  wholesale  house.  How 
can  a  man  with  small  capital  meet  this 
kind  of  competition,  and  these  combi­
nations  broadening  their  sphere  of  in­
fluence?  No,  the  clerk  of  to-day  is  not 
the  merchant  of  to-morrow,  but the  mer­
chant's  sons  or  the  stockholder’s  sons 
of to-day  are  the  merchants  of  to-mor­
row,  for  the  business 
is  handed  down 
from  father to son,  and  the  opportunity 
of  the  clerk  becoming  the  merchant  to­
morrow 
less  a 
possibility.

is  becoming  less  and 

There 

is  one  way,  I  believe,  that  it 
can  be  done.  That  is  by  co-operation 
and  organization—by  organizing  one 
great  body  of  men  and  women  and  co­
operating  with  organized 
labor,  with 
wage  earners 
like  ourselves,  and  de­
manding,  as  other  wage  earners  have 
done,  ‘ ‘ a 
just  day’s  wages  for a  just 
day’s  work.”

How  do  the  salaries  of clerks  com­
pare  with  the  wages  paid 
in  other 
lines?  The  average  wage  paid  male) 
clerks 
is  $12  a  week ;  the  average  for 
women  clerks,  $5  a  week.  For  this  they 
are  compelled 
to  work  seventy-four 
hours  a  week  in  more  than  75  per  cent, 
of  the  stores.  Skilled  labor  works  forty- 
eight  hours  a  week  and  receives  an 
average  of $24.  Unskilled  labor  works 
but  fifty-four  hours  and  receives  not less 
than  25  cents  an  hour.

Ministers  of  the  gospel  are  asking 
why  the  attendance  at  their services  is 
not  larger.  Need  they  wonder  when  so 
many  human  beings  are  compelled  to 
labor  so  many  hours  and  have  so  few 
given  them to  attend  divine worship? 
I 
say  to  the  ministers  to  look 
into  these 
conditions  and  they  will find their reply.
Let  them  assist  organized  labor  to  elim­
inate  them  from  the  lives  of  the  retail 
clerks.  Then  they  may  have  an  oppor­
tunity  to  attend the  churches,  the  prayer 
meetings,  and  receive  the  benefits  that 
are  derived  from  a  Christian  education.
The  farmers  complain  to-day that they 
can  not  get  hands  to  help  them  in  their 
fields.  Yet  their own  sons  and  daughters 
are 
leaving  their  homes  and  entering

There  was  enough  business  of  this 
sort  to  go  around,  and  he  managed  to 
pull  out  even  or a  little  better  at the end 
of  the  year.  But  what  is  he  to  do  now 
with  the  department  store  on  the  new 
block  claiming  to  sell  women’s  *3  shoes 
for  $1.98  and  the  clothing  store  across 
the  street  openings  fine,  well-organized 
and  arranged  department  for  men?

We  must  admit  that  the  problem  is 
not  an  easy  one.  Again,  let  us  assume 
that  he  has  been  running  the  other  kind 
of  a  shoe  store,  where  particular  pains 
was  taken  to  pleaBe  people—one of those 
stores  which,  in  a  dignified  yet  aggres­
sive  way,  managed  to  get  a  very  valu­
able  local  reputation  for  pleasing people 
with  good  footwear.  Such  a  dealer  does 
not  fear 
job-lot  offerings  or  fire  sales.
He  knows  almost  to  a  certainty  that 
there  are  several  hundred,  yes,  and 
possibly 
thousand,  sensible, 
level-headed  people  in  his  community

several 

U n n oticed .

. The  following  fragment  of  conversa­
tion  was overheard  in  a  park  last  Sun­
day  morning  between  two  well-dressed 
ladies:

“ Did  you  notice  that  girl  who  looked 

at  us  so  pointedly  just  now?”

Achilles  statue. ”

“ No  dear.  Which  one?”
“ It  was 
just  as  we  were  passing  the 
“ Ob!  Do  you  mean  the  one  in  a  gray 
Eton  jacket  with  blue  silk  revers  and  a 
strapped  skirt  to  match ;  a blue  hat  with 
a  big  bow  of  green velvet,  pale  gray  kid 
gloves  stitched  with  black,  a  pale  blue 
silk  flounced  underskirt,  high-heeled 
patent  leather shoes,  a  spotted  veil  and 
a  blue  parasol?”

“ Ye^  dear,  that  was  the  one.”
“ No,  then,  I  didn't  notice  her;  in 

fact,  I  hardy  looked  at  her.”

E a sily   F r ig h ten ed .

*’ Bobby  gets  frightened  awful  easy.”  
‘ No,  he  don’t !”
I  saw  him  cry­
Yes,  he  does,  too! 
this  morning  when  his  hair 

ing 
snarled. ”

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

5 1

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Mutual  Benefit 
Life  Insurance Co.
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All  kinds of Life and  Investment Insurance.

Larger Companies ?  Yes.

Better ones ?  No 

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Mutual  Benefit  Life shows  more  value  at  less  cost  than 
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5 2

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

T H E   BICY C LE  TRUST.

W h y   I t   W as  C om p elled  T o Go In to  L iq u i­

d ation .

The  Tradesman  has  kept 

in  pretty 
close  touch  with  the  vicissitudes  of  the 
Bicycle  Trust.

In  an  editorial  under  date  of  Jan.  i, 
1902,  the  Tradesman  pointed  out  most 
of  the  reasons  why  the  trust  had  failed 
to  pay  dividends  upon  its  securities. 
That  article  made  it  pretty  clear  that 
the  disintegration  process through which 
the  trust  was  then  passing  was  but  the 
“ beginning  of  the  end."  The  combina­
tion’ s  management  bad  found  the  cor­
poration  too  unwieldly  and  complicated 
for  them.  They  were  unable  to  har­
monize 
the  conflicting  interests  and 
thought,  by  organizing  subsidiary  con­
cerns  and  going  back  almost  to  the 
point  where  they  began,  that  they  could 
regain  the  lost  trade,  and  at  the  same 
time  freeze  out all  the  small  stockhold­
ers,  but this did  not  work  as they hoped. 
They 
large 
amount  of  common stock  at  prices  rang­
ing  from  1%  to €>y2  cents  on  the  dollar, 
but  they  failed  to  get  business  at  a 
profit.  The 
losses  resulted  in  disaster 
and  the  parent  concern  went  into  the 
hands  of  receivers. 
Its  downfall  caused 
trouble  for  the  subsidiary  companies 
and  receivers  were  appointed  for one  or 
more  of  them.  The  bicycle  combine 
is  a  flat  failure.  The  bicy­
as  such 
cle  business  of  the 
future  will  be 
taken  care  of  by  independent  makers. 
The  writer’s  connection  with  the  bi­
cycle  trade  during  the  past  twenty years 
enabled  him  to correctly  foresee  the  re­
sults  which  were  almost  sure  to  accrue 
from  this  combination.

in  getting  a 

succeeded 

The  bicycle  was a  specialty. 

It  was 
necessary  to  sell  it  by  special  methods. 
The  manufacturer  must be in close  touch 
with  the  rider  and  the  dealer.  The  ad­
vertising  of  the  product  must  be  of  a 
special  nature  or  the  success  of  the  con­
cern  was  jeopardized.  Not  a  single  suc­
cessful  bicycle  manufacturer  obtained 
his  success  by  dealing  with  jobbers. 
Those  who  made 
the  greatest  suc­
cess  of  the  business  were  those  who 
advertised  extensively  and  sold  direct 
to  the  dealer.  Through  the  medium  of 
the  traveling  salesman  and  the  trade 
papers  he  was  in  close  touch  with  his 
customer  and  with  the  consumer  as 
well.  His  product  was  absorbed  through 
the  personality  of  his  organization. 
Dealers  and  riders  had  learned,  after 
long  years  of  experience,  that  manu­
facturers  were  alive  and  wide  awake  to 
their  particular  desires  and  interests. 
They  had  come  to  regard  the  maker  as 
a  friend  and,  in  many  instances,  the 
connections  between  the  manufacturer, 
the  dealer  and  the consumer  were  very 
close.

The  trust  came  along,  and  what did  it 
do?  It  consolidated  all  of  these  varying 
interests;  established  a  new  policy 
which  was  so  secretive  and  entailed  so 
much  red  tape  that  it  was  absolutely 
disgusting  to the  dealer  and  the  con­
sumer  of  bicycles.  The  advertising  of 
forty-four  concerns  was  merged 
into 
one  advertising  account  and  a  man  em­
ployed  to  handle  it  who  was  unpopular 
with  the  press  and  agencies—a  man 
who  did  not  know  a  bicycle  from  a 
balloon so  far as  “ copy"  was concerned; 
he  advertised  them  all  as  “ the  best  on 
earth,"  etc.  His  copy  was  bad,  his 
readers  worse,  and  to  “ cap  the clim ax" 
five  or  six  of  the  big  New  York  papers 
got  after  him  and  the  trust,  and  when 
securities  had 
they 
dwindled  to  almost  nothing,  and  he  had 
lost  his  $10,000  job  in  the  meantime.

let  go, 

trust 

The  close  personal  relations  between 
the  maker  and 
the  distributor  were 
wiped  out;  they  were  obliged  to  deal 
with  a  new  element,  which  was uncom­
municative,  indefinite  and  without  pos­
itive  assurance  of stability.

Dealers  lost  their  interest  in  the  busi­
ness  and  ceased  to  push  the  sale  of  the 
goods  and  the  enthusiasm  of  the  riders 
died  out.  The  result  was  a  perfectly 
natural  cause :  the  trust  could  not  hold 
the  trade  of  the  concerns  which  it  had 
absorbed, 
it 
robbed  these  concerns of  the  very  per­
sonality  and  the 
individuality  which 
had  succeeded  in  building them  up.

reason 

that 

the 

for 

If  the  bicycle  trust  had  followed  the 
advice  of  some  of  the  older  and  better 
posted  tradesmen  who  had  been  in  close 
touch  with  this  industry  for  more  than 
twenty  years,  it  would  to-day  be  paying 
dividends  on 
inflated 
capitalization.  More  than  one  of  the 
old  timers  did  everything  in their power

its  enormously 

out  at  prices  far  below  what  the  quick 
assets  are  actually  worth  and  the  stock 
absorbed  by  those  most  interested,  and 
in  this  way  the  water squeezed out.

It  is  my  personal  opinion  that  in  two 
years’  time  the  plants  of  the  trust  will 
be  in  the  hands  of  two men.  The  capi­
talization  of the company  or  companies 
will  be  reduced  to  a  point  where  divi­
dends  can  be  paid and a  profitable  busi­
ness  done.  The  bicycle  industry  is  not 
a  dead  one,  by  any  means,  and  within 
a  couple  of  years  will,  in  my  opinion, 
become  a  reasonably  profitable  and  safe 
industry.  There 
is  no question  in  my 
mind  that  the  organization  of  the  trust 
resulted 
in  the  destroying  of  an  indus­
try  which  would  otherwise  have  been 
fairly  profitable  through  the  depression 
which  it  would  have  passed. 
It has  ex­
perienced  its best  times  when  almost  all 
other  industries  were  undergoing  a  de­
pression  and 
its  periods  of  depression 
have  occurred,  in  every  instance,  dur-

ice  contract  at  a  better salary  than  the 
old  concern  was  paying.  The  result 
was  the  position  did  not  last  a  year  and 
our  losses  on  securities  ran  up  into  the 
thousands.  The  business  fell  off  and 
the  factory  was  closed.  The  trust  could 
not  sell  Clipper  bicycles  without  the 
personality  of  the  old  Clipper  selling 
force.  A  bitter  lesson  has  been  learned 
by  those  who  controlled  the  concern.

J.  Elmer  Pratt.

H is  Id e a   o f “ B ro te ctio n .”

Twenty  years 

ago  there  ran 

for 
Congress  in  one  of  the  St.  Louis  dis­
tricts  a  man  named  Gustavus  Sessing- 
haus,  a  wealthy  manufacturer  of  flour. 
Sessinghaus  was  a  native  German  and 
spoke 
imperfect  English.  The  cam­
paign  managers  allowed  him  to  make 
but  one  speech  in  the  campaign.  That 
was  a  sufficiency.  After  announcing  to 
a  couple  of  thousand  people  in  front  of 
a  big  beer  saloon  where  the  mob  bad 
been  gulping at  his  expense,  that he  was 
certain  to  be a  big  man  in  Congress  and 
that  he  bad  no  doubt  of  his  election,  be 
was  besieged  by  the  crowd  to  express 
bis  views  on  the  subject  of  protection. 
That  staggered  the  man  for  a 
few  mo­
ments,  but  finally  he  pointed  to  a  flag 
fluttering  in  the  breeze  and  exclaimed :
Do  you  see  dot  flag?  Dot  vas  your 
brotection!  Uf  you  brotect  yoursef, 
you  brotect  yoursef;  und  uf  I  brotect 
mysef,  I  brotect  mysef.  Dot  is  my  view 
on  brotection.

On  the  face  of  the  returns Sessinghaus 
was  defeated,  and  his  opponent  was 
given  the  certificate  of  election.  Sess­
inghaus  contested  and  the  fight at Wash­
ington  was  a  long  one.  He  got  a favor­
able  report  and  the  night  before  Con­
gress  expired  by 
limitation  he  was 
sworn  in,  drew  the  salary  for  practical­
ly  the  full  term,  mileage  and  all  the 
perquisites,and  in  addition  was  allowed 
nearly  $2o,ooc  for  expenses  in  his  con­
test. 
Just  after  that,  Congress  put  its 
foot  down  on  such  expensive  contests, 
and  now  the  limit  of  expenses  allowed 
is  $2,000  to  either  contestant  or  con- 
testee.

N am ed  th e   B ab y  F o r  a  Cat.

“ I  have  christened  children  every 
conceivable  nam e,"  said  a  clergyman 
the  other  day,  "but  I  think  the  funniest 
was  a  boy  I  named  for  a  cat.  My  pas­
torate  was  a  suburb  of  Boston,  and  one 
of ray  parishioners  was  a  lady  of  a  large 
estate’ and  a gentlewoman  in  every  sense 
of  the  word,generally  known  to  the com­
munity  as  Aunt  Esther.  She  was  an  ec­
centric  person,  who  wore  silken  gowns 
very 
long  in  the  train  and  short  in  the 
front  and  always  several  old-fashioned 
brooches  at  the  same  time.  She  visited 
Washington  frequently,  always  with  her 
pet  cat  as  a 
traveling  companion,  and 
she  was  one of the few  ladies  accorded  a 
seat  on  the  floor of  the  House  of  Con­
gress.  On  the  grounds  of  her  country 
home  was  a  diminutive  cemetery  where 
her  feline  pets  slept  after  life’s  fitful 
fever.

“ During  my  residence  in  the  parish 
her  special  favorite  was  a  large  Maltese 
cat,  named  Thomas  Henry,  whose death 
occurred just  before the coming  of  a  new 
baby  at  the 
lodge  keeper’s  home  on 
Aunt  Esther's  place.  She  was to be  god­
mother and  name  the  child,  while  I  was 
to  baptize  it.  Her  recent  bitter  bereave­
ment  still  weighed  on  her  soul,  and 
when  I  asked,  ‘ By  what  name  shall  this 
child  be  known?’  Aunt  Esther  re­
sponded 
in  trembling  tones,  ‘ There  is 
no  name  so  sweet  to  me  as  Thomas 
Henry, ’  and  by  that  title  the  boy  was 
thenceforth  known.’ ’

W h en   H e  W aa  L ea v in g .

“ Jack,  dear,"  she  sighed,  “ Jack, 
when  you  are  gone,  I  shall  pine  away.”  
“ Don’t ,"   he  answered,  adding  with 
laugh,  “ don’t  pine  away, 

an  uneasy 
spruce  u p ."

ing  prosperous  times.  When  other 
in­
dustries  are  suffering  the  bicycle  busi­
ness  will  be  good.  The  Clipper  con­
cern,  with  which  I  was  identified  from 
’93  until  it  was  sold  to  the combination, 
was  a  prosperous  corporation  and  had 
it  been  a  little  more  liberally  managed 
in  the  profitable  days  a  very  much 
larger  corporation  would  have  been  the 
result.  When  the  opportunity  to  sell  to 
the  trust  came  we  were  just  beginning 
to  make  our  competition  felt.  The 
large  makers  realized  that  we  were 
gaining  ground  on  them  and  that  our 
aggressive advertising,coupled  with cer­
tain  commercial  advantages,  was  rapid­
in  the  front  rank.  We 
ly  placing  us 
foolishly  accepted  a  proposition 
from 
the  trust  that  was  less  than  we  could 
have  realized  from 
local  parties,  who 
would  have  continued  the  business  un­
der  the  management  of  the  men  who 
had  built  it  up.  As  it  was,  our  mana-1 
ger thought  he  was  getting  a  good  serv-l

to  influence  the  managers  of the trust  to 
retain  the  management  of  each  concern, 
running  it  independently  of  the  parent 
company,  making  the  parent  company 
a  clearing  house  for  the  business  of  its 
auxiliary  concerns.  A great saving could 
have  been  made  in  clearing  the  institu­
tions  through  New  York.  The  buying 
could  have  been  done through the parent 
concern  and  a  further  saving  made;  but 
the  selling  and  the  advertising  should 
have  remained  with  the  men  who  made 
the  individual  concerns  what they  were.
After  nearly  two  years  of  mismanage­
ment  on  the  part  of  the  trust  the  officers 
began  trying  to  retrench themselves  and 
an attempt  was  made  to  follow  the  ad­
vice  of those  old  timers:  but  it  was  too 
late.  The  trade—what  there  was  left  of 
it—had  drifted  to  the  independent  con­
cerns.  The  going  into the  hands  of  the 
receiver  was  the  natural  result.  The  re­
ceivers  will  probably  run  the  business 
until  most  of  the  stockholders  have  sold

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

S 3

Best  Fence at  Least Cost

Michigan  dealers  can  now supply  their cus­

tomers with  the means  to cut  their 

fence bills in  half.

THE  SUPERIOR  FENCE  MACHINE

furnishes  the  solution.  With  it  a  farmer  can 
weave his own  fence of any  desired  mesh  for  the 
actual  cost  of  material  used.  The  drop  in  the 
price  of  wire  combines,  with  exorbitant  trust 
prices  for  ready  woven  fencing,  to place our ma­
chine  in active demand  among the farmers.

Don’t forget to write us in time 

to secure the agency on our

To Farther Aid the Dealer 

wre  have  decided  to  with­
draw  our  travelers  from 
Michigan  and  to  give  the 
Michigan dealer  the  bene­
fit  of  this  economy  in re­
duced price.  With cheaper 
wire  and  a  cheap,  practical 
fence  machine, 
the  dealer 
who  follows  this  course 
will  secure  the 
farmers’ 
trade.

« 4

This cut 
shows  a 
cross stay as 
woven  by
Machine

Write ns for prices

and full information

Superior Cream Separator

Superior  Fence  Machine  Co.

184  G rand  River  Ave., DETROIT,  MICH.

It»  Pays

to  Put»  Down 
SAUERKRAUT

There  is  money  in  it.  This 
machine  will 
lifetime. 
Made in two sizes, for hand  and 
power.

last  a 

Best*  Kraut*  Cutter  in 

the  W orld.

The  World’s 
Greatest» Meat» Cutter 
The  Buffalo  Silent*

Have you  seen it? 

It  is 
a  wonderful  machine; 
it 
makes  no  noise;  cuts  a 
batch 
in  three  minutes; 
time and labor saver.  Also 
used for  mince  meat,  veg­
etables,  etc.

John  E.  Sm ith’s  Sons  Co.  T f 0,

Manufacturer of  Butchers’  Machinery.

Also made  to turn by hand.

RUGS  FROM  OLD  CARPETS

We are equipped with  the most powerful  modem  Carpet  Cleaning  Machinery to aid us in producing our  celebrated  Sanitary  Rugs. 
It  makes  a  heap  of 
difference to the careful housekeeper about the cleanliness which  of necessity must go hand in hand in every process from the time the  carpets  are  received 
until finished.  Many factories have no carpet cleaning facilities whatever.

Write to us direct

NO  AGENTS

We save  you  33/4% 

both in  material

cost

We  pay freight 

Write  to us  for our

16  page

BOOKLET

give you valuable

information

E x h i b i t . 

Rm Mam Fit» On Cun nj
«to UK « CAKfl Co U«, ;

The above illustration shows where our Rugs are manufactured.  They are made with or without .borders all  around;  reversible;  not  the  heavy  unyielding

kind, but soft as an oriental weave.

PETOSKEY  RUG  MFC.  &  CARPET  CO.,  LTD.,  455-457  Mitchell  St.,  Petoskey,  Mich.

Long  Distance Bell  Phone  170

5 4

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

M A N A G IN G   M AM M AS.

T h e  T erm   a B ad ge  o f   H on or,  In stead   o f  a 

S tigm a.

A  woman  writes  to  me  who  says:
I  have  a  young  daughter  who 

is 
about  to  make  her  entrance  into society. 
She  is  neither  very  beautiful,  very  rich 
nor  very  brilliant,  but  just  a  pretty, 
sweet,  wholesome  American  girl,  yet  1 
desire  her  to  be  a  social  success  and, 
as  I  believe  matrimony  to  be  the  hap­
piest  destiny  for  a  woman, to  eventually 
make  a  good  match.  Will  you  tell  me 
how  best  to  achieve  this  end without  in­
curring  the  odium  of  being  called  a 
“ managing  mamma?”

In  every  game  the  chief  element  of 
success 
is  having  a  good  backer—an 
angel,  as  they  say  in  theatrical circles— 
and  there  can  be  no  doubt  that  a mother 
who  knows  her  business  can do  more  to­
ward  making  a  girl  a  belle  than  any 
amount of  beauty  or  wit.  She stands  be­
hind  the  curtain  and  shifts  the  scenes; 
she  turns  on  the  limelight  at  the  proper 
minute ;  she  knows  how  to  cut out  faults 
and  work  up  strong  passages,  and, 
above  all,  discretly,  unperceived,  she 
leads  the  claque,  and  the  audience 
joins 
in  and  gives  the  girl  the  glad 
hand.  Success  in  society  always  ap­
pears  to  the  outsider  to be a spontaneous 
outburst  of  enthusiasm  over  charm,  but 
ninety-nine  times  out  of  a  hundred  it  is 
a  round  of  carefully-worked-up  ap­
plause.

is 

In  the  first  place,  my  dear  lady,  do 
not  shrink  from  being  called  a  manag­
ing  mamma. 
Instead  of  being  the 
stigma  of  shame,  it  ought  to  be  a  badge 
is  not  a 
of  honor.  Any  mother  who 
managing  mamma—who 
leaves  her 
daughter's  fate  to  chance,  instead  of 
steering  her  into  the  safe  haven  of  a 
good  marriage—has  failed  in  her  duty. 
It 
impossible  that  any  young  girl 
should  have  the  knowledge  of  life,  the 
experience  of  the  world,the  tact  and  di­
plomacy  to  know  how  to  conduct  a 
social  campaign,  and  she  has 
just  as 
much  right  to  expect  her  mother to  save 
her  from  the  blunders  she  would  make 
in  society 
left  to  her  own  guidance 
as  a  little  child  has to  look  to  its  mother 
to  keep 
from  being  bruised  and 
wounded  by  falling.

if 

it 

If  I  had  a  young  daughter  who  was 
about  to  make  her  entrance 
into  so­
ciety  I  should  begin  by  trying  to  class­
ify  her. 
I  should  sit  dispassionately 
down  and  study  her  defects  and  her 
beauties,  and  then  I  should  devote  all 
of  my  energies  to  trying  to  build  up  her 
strong  points.  There  are  many  differ­
ent  types  of  girls  and  they  are  all 
charming 
in  their  different  ways,  but 
there  is  not  one  of  them  who  is  univer­
sally  charming.  Many  mothers  spoil 
the  one  attraction  that  their  daughters 
have  by  trying  to  make  them  something 
else  that  they  can  never  be. 
in­
frequently  happens  that  the  gay  mother 
who  is  fond  of  society  has  a  daughter 
who  is  a  prim  little  saint,or  the  literary 
woman's daughter  is  a  girl  who  is  really 
interested  only  in  the  cook  book,  or the 
woman  who  admires  dashing  girls  is 
afflicted  with  roly-poly  offspring.

It  not 

In  such  cases  the  mistake  the  mothers 
commit  is  in  trying  to  make  over their 
daughters  according  to  their  own ideals. 
This  can  never  be  done.  You  can  not 
set  a  psalm  to  ragtime  or make  an  ap­
ple  dumpling  as 
light  as  an  omelette 
soufle ;  but,  after all,  an  anthem is better 
than  a  coon  song  and  there  are  plenty 
of  people whose  tastes run to dumplings. 
Therefore,  the  wise  mother  will  waste 
no  tears  over  the  impossible,  but  set  to 
work  to  make  the  best  of  the  material 
she  has  on  hand.  If  a  girl is  “ serious,”  
she  will  not  drag  her around  to  parties

for  which  she  has  no  aptitude and where 
she  is  always  a wallflower;  if she has  no 
fondness  for  books,  her  mother  will  not 
make  her  ridiculous  by  pretending  she 
knows  things  of  which  she  is 
ignorant.
On  the  contrary,  she  will  throw  a  halo 
around  her  saint  and  let  her  tread  the 
congenial  path—and  there  are  many 
eligible  widowers  interested  in  the  new 
thought  and  the  higher  life—while  she 
will  gild  the  wings  of  her  butterfly  and 
let  her  flutter  about  in  that  brainless, 
graceful,  merry,  light  hearted  way  that 
even  the  most  sedate  of  us  find  so at­
in  youth,  while  as  for  the  do­
tractive 
mestic  girl,  surely  heaven 
itself  has 
pointed  the  way  she  should  go  and  de­
vised  the  frilly-white  apron  and  the 
chafing  dish  for  her  weapons  of  con­
quest.

The  next  important  point  is  to  make 
the  house  attractive.  The  girl  with  one 
beau is  like  the  poor  in  the  Scriptures— 
even  that  one  which  she  bath  shall  be

pear  and  many  an  attractive  girl  has 
lost  a  good  husband  because  the  man 
feared  she  might  grow  into a  duplicate 
of  her  mother. 
It  takes  an  idiot  or  a 
hero  to  marry  a  girl  who  comes  out of 
an  ill-kept  house.

If  I  were  a  mother  and  wanted  to 
make  my  daughter  popular  in  society,  I 
should  establish  an  ironclad  rule  of  no 
presents,  with 
the  certainty  that  a 
grateful  constituency  of  much-robbed 
young  men  would  flock  to  my  standard. 
Most  of  the  young  men  who  compose 
society  are  struggling  along  on  salaries 
that  are  barely  sufficient  for  their  sup­
port,  and  that  out  of  this  they  should  be 
expected  to  make  presents  to  the  girls 
they  visit  is  more  than  an  imposition— 
it  is  a  high-handed  outrage.  Of  course, 
every  woman  will  say  that  the  presents 
her  daughter  receives  are  free-will offer­
ings,  but  unhappily  we  know  quite 
otherwise,  and  there  would  be  a  blessed 
peace  and  restfulness  and security  about

taken  away  from  her.  Men  are  mere 
sheep  and  they  follow  each  other  when 
it  comes  to admiring  a woman.  Whether 
this  is  because  a  man  distrusts bis judg­
ment  and  feels  the  need  of  having  an­
other  man  back 
it  up,  nobody  knows. 
It  is  a  fact,  nevertheless,  and  it 
is  ab­
solutely  necessary  to  give  a  girl  the  ap­
pearance  of  being a belle if you want  her 
to  be  one.

yet 

To  do  this  requires  tact  and  discre­
tion  on  the  mother's  part.  She  must 
be  neither  like  the  old  hen  with  one 
chicken,  nor 
like  a  recruiting 
sergeant.  She  must make  men  welcome 
and  yet  not  have  the  appearance  of 
drumming  up  beaux  for  her  daughter, 
for  men  are  suspicious  of  the  mother 
who  gushes  over them.  They  are  afraid 
she 
is  trying  to  work  off  her  daughter 
on  them.  Above  all,  the  mother  must 
know  how  to  be  attractive  herself  and 
give  her  home  the  proper  atmosphere,  j 
for  men  are  not such  fools  as  they  ap­

expected, 

a  house  where  presents  were  not  only 
not 
but  were  absolutely 
tabooed.  Besides,  it  would  give  a  girl 
a  certain  cachet. 
It  would  be  a distinc­
tion.

it 

in 

A  wise  woman 

advising  her 
daughter  about  how  to  manage  her  hus­
band  said,  “ feed  the  brute,"  and  the 
tip  is  just  as  valuable dealing with other 
men  as 
is  with  husbands.  This  is 
both  troublesome  and  expensive,  but 
success 
in  this  world  always  has  to  be 
paid 
for.  A  few  years  ago  a  woman 
complained  to  me  that  nobody  came  to 
her  Sunday  evenings  since  she  had  quit 
having  supper  for  her  guests 
“ Why  do 
you  not  resume  the  suppers?”   I  asked. 
It  is  unromantic,  but  true,  that  human 
beings  are  always  at  their  best  over 
something  good  to  eat,  and  men  always 
think  tenderly  of the  woman  who  is  as­
sociated  in  their  minds with  irreproach­
able  cooking.

The  formal  affairs,  the  coming  out

tea,  the  “ duty"  dinners  and  lunches 
are  the  A,  B,  C  of  entertaining  that 
every  woman  knows.  Where  the  real  art 
of  the  thing  comes 
in  and  where  the 
discreet  mother  shows  her fine  Italian 
hand  is  in  the  merry  little  supper  that 
is  waiting  at  home  after  the  play,  the 
cosy  bite  by  the  library  fire  on  a  cold 
long,  cool  drink  and  the  se­
night,  the 
ductive  sandwich  on  a  hot  evening. 
It 
like  these  that  make  a  girl 
is  things 
“ popular"  and 
incline  a  man’s  heart 
to  matrimony,for  he  beheld the daughter 
through 
incense  of  her 
savory 
mother’s  housekeeping.

the 

That  a  mother  of  a  young  girl  should 
absolutely  supervise  her  visitors  seems 
so  much  a  matter  of  course,  it  is  a  won­
der  it  should  ever  be  called  in  question, 
but  it 
is.  One  would  think  that  a 
woman  was  a  candidate  for  a  lunatic 
asylum  who  permitted  men  to  visit  reg­
ularly  at  her  bouse  whom  she  was  not 
willing  to  let  her  daughter  marry,  yet 
we  see  this  stupid  little  tragedy  being 
enacted  every  day.  Mothers  let  worth­
less,  dissipated  men 
fairly  camp  on 
their  parlor chairs,  and  then,  when  they 
find  out  that  their  adored  Maud  wants 
to  marry  the  hopelessly ineligible  young 
fellow,  they  are  horror  stricken.  Why? 
What  right  had  they  to  expect  anything 
else? 
It  is  the  logical  outcome  of  pro­
pinquity  and  just  what  every  one  else 
was  looking  for.
The  mother 

is  a  purblind  fool  who 
lets  any  man  visit  regularly  at  her 
bouse  that  she  would  not  welcome  as  a 
son-in-law.  More  than  that  she  is  doing 
injustice  and 
her  daughter  a  great 
is  running  the  risk  of 
cruelty,  for  she 
breaking  her  heart.  Nor 
is  this  a ll; 
just  as  much  as  she  should  be  protected 
from  the  bad  match,  the  girl  should  he 
protected  from  the  man  who  does  not 
marry  and  whose  attentions  are  without 
intention. 
In  every  city  there  are  a 
number  of  old  beaux,  men  who  have 
been 
in  society  year  after  year,  who 
make 
it  a  practice  to  single  out  every 
season  the  most  attractive debutante  and 
devote  themselves  to  her.
They  are  connoiseurs 

in  beauty, 
adepts  in  flirtation,  past  masters  of  the 
art  of  flattery,  and  the  girl,  young  and 
inexperienced,  is  proud  and  pleased  at 
their  attentions.  They  make  younger 
and  more  honest  men  seem  common­
place  and  she  allows  herself  to  be  mo­
nopolized  by  them  until  she  finds  out 
that  she  has  been  driven  into  a  kind  of 
social  pocket.  The  men  who  might have 
married  her  have  been  kept  away  and 
by  and  by  she  drifts  into  old  maiden­
hood  and  is  relegated  to  the  chaperone 
seats  at  parties,  and  realizes  that  her 
day  is  past.  No  girl  could  be  expected 
to  know  all  this,  but  every  middle  aged 
woman  has  seen  it  happen  a  thousand 
times,  and  the  wise  mother  maintains  a 
strict  quarantine  against  these  social 
deadbeats.

Just  how  far  a  mother  is  justified  in 
interfering 
in  her  daughter's  marriage 
is  a  question  that  must  be settled  by  in­
dividual  cases,  but  we  are  not  talking 
marriage  now,  but  of  girlhood  and  bow 
to  make 
it  happy  and  brilliant.  Girls 
do  not  realize  it,  but  the  little  interval 
between  the  schoolroom  and  the  altar  is 
the  fairy-time  of  a  woman’s  life. 
It  is 
the  feast  of  existence  where  the  roses lie 
red  upon  the  table  and  the  lights  glitter 
and  the  wine  foams  over the  beaker  and 
all  the  world  is  full  of  youth  and  music 
and 
is  the  playtime,  the 
hour  of  sunshine,  before  one  gives 
themselves  up  to  go  out  and  meet  the 
storm  and  stress  of  the  world,  and  the 
pity  of  the  thing  is  that so  many  foolish 
young  creatures  should  be 
in  such  a 
haste  to  leave  it.
Happy  the  mother  who can  secure  her 
daughter  such  a girlhood !  Thrice  happy 
such  a  golden 
the  woman  who  has 
memory to  look  back  upon !

laughter—it 

Dorothy  Dix.

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

5 5

Our Grandmothers Thought Tomatoes

Poisonous

Who is of that opinion  now?  Many  people  who could  see no good in  a computing scale are 
It is no longer a question as to their necessity;  the question  now is,  “ Which 
Is it  not  its  ability  to  respond  to 

now enthusiastic users. 
is the best?  What,  then,  is the true test of a  really good  scale? 
a  light weight and  maintain that  feature?

You  must first have a  good  weighing  scale  before you can  have a good  computing scale  be­

cause  all  computation  is based on  weight.

There are scales which  simply indicate the value and  not the  weight; such  scales  may be  o f f  
several cents in  computation yet weigh  correctly in pounds and ounces and  the owner not  be aware 
of the incorrectness.

Such  are  not our kind.  Ours indicate  both the weight and the value every time,  the one  being 
a  check  on  the  other,  and  the funny  part is that the two  results require  but one  single operation. 
If you slide the poise to  a  certain  number of pounds  and ounces it will  figure the value  for you. 
If 
you slide the  poise to a certain value  it  will  figure the weight  for  you. 
It  is  like  the  negro’s  coon 
trap,  “ works either ercomin’  er  agoin’.”

There can  be  no discrepancy between  dollars and cents and pounds and  ounces in  our scales, 

but there can  be in others as they use  one  mechanism  for weight and  another for value.

Every  day  our  agents  are  finding merchants who would  have bought our scale  had  they in­

vestigated  it before placing their orders;  they  took the other fellow’s  word.
W e  make  the  only  platform  scale with agates at every knife edge. 

If the other fellow says 
he does,  too, just examine and see  for yourself.  We  make  the  only scale that computes  up to  one 
hundred  and ten  pounds without  several  mental  additions.  Our  latest  improvement,  “ the Total 
Adder,”  does this.  Notwithstanding this  and  other late improvements  we  make no  change in  price 
‘ or easy terms of payment.

We have recently commenced the manufacture of a very complete automatic scale for weigh­
ing  meats,  etc.  We  say  c o m p l e t e   because  it  indicates  the weight and  d o e s   n o t  
i t s  
c o m p u t a t i o n s .  Every cent  is indicated up to its  full  capacity of  24  pounds.  As  no  other  scale 
does this you see we have a right to  say  c o m p l e t e.  The people who “root”  the loudest  for our scales 
are those who have used the other makes.  Look  out  for  the  fellow who says  his company makes 
scales  like ours;  t h e y   d o   n o t .  Drop us a card  and we will  do the rest.

s k i p  

i n  

Sbimpson  Computing  Scale  Co.

Elkhart.,  Indiana

5 6

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

Soundings Soundings
1901 & 1902

Increase

G R A N D   R IV E R .

P rogress  o f th e  Im p r o v e m e n t U nd ertaken  

b y   U n cle  Sam .

Work  upon  the  present  project  for  the 
improvement ! of  Grand  River  has  now 
in  progress  since  May,  1897,  and 
been 
it  may  be  of 
interest  to  call  to  mind 
once  more  the  original  condition  of  the 
river,  to  state  the  plan  for  improvement 
now  in  progress  and  to  give  some  idea 
of  just  how  much has been accomplished 
to  the  present  time.

The  official  project  for'the  improve­
ment  of  Grand  River  is  based  upon  a 
survey  made 
in  the  fail  of  1891  and 
upon  a  report  of  the  results  of  this  sur­
vey  made  in  April of the following  year. 
The  survey 
in  question  was  made  in 
considerable  detail  and  furnishes  pre­
cise  information  as  to  the  nature  of  the 
river  in  its  unimproved  state.  Briefly, 
the  river,  in  its  natural  condition,  is  at 
low  water  350  to 600 feet  wide  and  its 
length  from  the  foot  of  Ganoe's  Canal 
to  Grand  Haven  is  39.14  miles.  The 
slope  or  fall  of  the  water surface  varies 
in  steepness.  From  Grand  Rapids  to 
Grandville,  a  distance  of  about  six 
miles,  the  actual  fall 
is  2.85  feet,  or 
5.73  inches  per  mile.  From  Grandville 
to  Lamont  the  fall  is  2.92  feet,  or  3.05 
inches  per  mile,  and  from  Lamont to 
Grand  Haven  the  fall  is,  in  a  distance 
of  21.64  miles,  0.43  feet,  or 
inches 
per  mile.  The  total  fall  from  Grand 
Rapids  to  Grand  Haven  is  6.2  feet,  an 
average  of  1.9  inches  per  mile.  The 
rates  of  fall 
in  the  reaches  mentioned 
are,  of  course,  averages  only,  the  actual 
fall  at  two of  the  bars  being  from  10 to 
14  inches  per  mile  at  low  water,  and 
over  five  feet  of  the  total  fall  occurs 
in 
the  upper  twelve  miles.

.24 

this 

Borings  made  during 

survey 
showed  that  for  the  upper eight  miles 
gravel  and  clay  predominate,  while 
in 
the  lower  thirty-one  miles  the  material 
of  the  river  bed 
is  principally  sand. 
The  velocity  of  the current  was  found to 
vary  from 
.8  foot  pet  second  at  low 
water  to  2.83  feet  per  second  at  high 
water,  while  the 
low  water  discharge 
was  found  to  be  980  cubic  feet  per  sec­
ond,  and the high  water  discharge  about 
12,380 cubic  feet.

ten 

feet  deep,  which 

Based  upon  these  data  a  project  was 
presented  calling  for  the creation  of  a 
channel 
from 
Grand  Rapids  to  Grandville  should  be 
ninety  feet  wide  on  the  bottom  and 
130 
feet  wide  at  the  water surface,and below 
that  point  100  feet  wide  on  the  bottom 
and  160 feet  wide  at  the  water  surface. 
No  detailed  plans  for  the  work  were 
given,  but  it  was  stated that  in  all  prob­
ability  this  channel  could  be  created  by 
dredging,  aided  by  such  protection 
works  as  in  the  actual  execution  of  the 
work  should  prove  to  be  needed.  The 
total  estimated  cost  for  this  ten  foot 
channel  was  given  as $670,500,  of which 
$495,000  was  for  dredging  something 
over  4,000,000  cubic  yards  of  material 
and $175,500  for the construction  of wing 
dams  and  training  walls.

The  first  appropriation  for  work  un­
der this  project  was  that of  June 3,  1896, 
and  since  that time  Congress  has appro­
priated  a  total  of  $275,000,  more  than 
half  of  this  being  derived  from  the  ap­
propriation  of $150,000  of  June  13,  1902, 
which  extended  the 
im­
provement  one-half  mile  upstream  to 
Fulton  street  bridge.

limit  of  the 

Actual  work  began  in  May,  1897,  and 
in  progress  with  such 
has  since  been 
vigor  as  the  uncertain  and  hitherto

The 

therefore,  it 

small  appropriations  have  permitted. 
The  work,  while  not  without  similarity 
to  other  projects  previously  executed 
elsewhere,  was  without  exact  precedent 
and  for this  reason  the  first  two  seasons 
were  devoted  to  experiments  looking  to 
a  development  of  the  cheapest  and  most 
efficient  means  of  accomplishing  the de­
sired  results.  No  uncertainty  existed 
as  to  the  proper  manner of  executing 
the  necessary  dredging,  but only  actual 
trial  could  show  whether  the  dredged 
cuts  would  need  the  protection of retain­
ing  walls. 
first  season’s  work 
showed  that  these  cuts  could  not  be 
maintained  without  protection,  and 
it  therefore  became  necessary  to  devise 
a  type  of  wall  which  might  serve  the 
purpose  within  the  limits  of  cost  im­
posed  by  the  approved  project. 
In  the 
lower seven  miles  from  the Ottawa boom 
the  natural  depth  is over  ten  feet,  while 
from  Bass  River to  the  Ottawa  boom,  a 
distance  of  about  ten  miles,  the  depth 
varies  from  six  to eight  feet.  From Bass 
River  to  Grand  Haven,  a  distance  of 
seventeen  miles, 
is  ex­
pected  that  no  protection  work  will  be 
needed,  and  the  estimate  for  wing  dams 
and  training  walls,  i.  e.,  $175,500,  ap­
plies,  therefore,  to  the  upper  twenty- 
two  miles  of  the river,  being  an  average 
of  about  $8,000  per  mile.  This  average 
cost  per  mile  is  very  much 
lower  than 
that  of  work  for similar  use  actually  ex­
ecuted  elsewhere.  Upon  the  Mississippi 
and  Missouri  Rivers  the  cost  per  mile 
has  varied  from  $20,000  to  $50,000, 
while  upon  the  Rhone,  in  France,  the 
in  the  neighborhood  of 
cost  has  been 
$100,000 per mile. 
It  follows  that  a  new 
type  of  construction  was  needed;  begin­
ning  with  the  season  of  1899  there  has 
been  gradually  developed  a  type  of  wall 
which 
it  is  confidently  expected  will 
answer  all  needs.  The  walls  as  now 
built  consist  of  a  double  row  of  small 
piles,  the  space between  the  piles  being 
filled  with  bundles  of  brush,  opposite 
piles 
in  the  two  rows  being  bound  to­
gether  by  wire  clamps  at  the  top  and 
longitudinal  rigidity  afforded  by  a  pole 
stringer  or wale  fastened  to  both  rows. 
These  walls  join  the  bank  at  the  upper 
end,  the  lower end  being  detached.  As 
constructed  they  are  largely  water  tight 
and  serve  not  only  to  guide  the  current 
but  also  to  protect  the  spoil  banks  cast 
up  by  dredging.  The  piles  are  cut  off 
at  about  the  low  water  surface  so  as  to 
afford  a  minimum  length  for the  attack 
of  the  ice.  Frequent  surveys,  both  be­
fore  and  after the  construction  of  walls, 
have  afforded  much 
light  as  to  their 
effect.  Their  proper  location has already 
done  much  to  render stable the increased 
depths  derived  from  dredging  and  the 
surveys  show  that  in  addition to protect­
ing  the  channel  these  walls  are  now 
causing  the accumulation of sedimentary 
deposits  behind  them,  so  that 
in  the 
course  of  time  it  may  be  expected  that 
the  banks  of  the  river  will  actually  have 
built  out  to  the  edge  of  the  deepened 
channel,  the  actual  time  for the  accom­
plishment  of  this  result  depending  on 
the  frequency  and  duration  of  high 
water  periods.  Up  to  the  present  time 
a total length of 94,983 linear feet of these 
walls  has  been  built  in  the  twenty-two 
miles  below  Grand  Rapids  to  Bass 
River,  and 
in  this  portion  dredging 
has  been  carried  on  from  season  to 
season.

The table  which  follows  shows the  im­
provement  of  depth  upon  the  worst  bars 
above  Bass  River.  Work  upon  Grand 
River  below  that  point  has  been  post­
poned  until  the  river  above  has  been 
improved  to  at  least  a  depth  of  six feet:

Name

Plaster Creek
Noble
Salt Works
Howlett
Glenn Creek
Clamshell
Jen) son
Snyder
Boynton
Mack’s
Claybanks
Halre’s
Sand Creek
Lowing
Bridge St.
Lamont
Trail Creek
Deer Creek

1897
4.0
1.3
2.0
1 4
1.3
36
2.5
1 4
1.8
4.5
3.0
2.6
3.5
2.4
28
2.4
28
1.4

5.5
3.6
6.0
3.5
4.5
43
4.7
4.4
4.0
5.0
4.0
4.2
4.0
4.0
30
8.4
3.8
2.9

1.5
2.3
30
2.1
3-2
0.8
2.2
3.0
22
0.5
1.0
1.6
0.5
1.6
0.2
1.0
1.0
141

Even  the  improved  depths  seem  rela­
tively 
insignificant,  but  it  must  be  re­
membered  that  up  to  this  year  only 
appropriated,  of 
$125,000  had  been 
which  the  larger  portion  has  gone 
into 
the  walls,  which,  unaided  by  radical 
dredging,  can  not  greatly  improve  the 
depths,  their  principal  office  being  to 
maintain 
improved  depths  which 
proper dredging  will  afford.

the 

Up  to  the  present year the only  dredge 
available  for  the  work  has  been  well 
adapted  to  digging  in  clay  and  gravel, 
but not  in  sand.  This  fact  has  been  rec­
ognized,  hut  until  the  wails  were  prac­
tically  complete 
it  seemed  inadvisable 
to  push  the  dredging.  Plans  are,  how­
ever,  now  complete  for a  modern dredge 
of approved  type  for  dredging  sand  and 
as  soon  as  the  sanction  of  the  War  De­
partment  has  been  received  it  will  be 
built  and  thereafter  its  use  should  pro­
duce  notable  results.  There 
is,  then, 
ample  ground  for  the  belief  that  the  ten 
foot  channel 
to 
Grand  Rapids  will  in  the  near  future be 
an  accomplished  fact.

from  Grand  Haven 

Captain  Corps  of  Engineers,  U.  S.  A.

Charles  Keller,

My  B u sin ess  Is  W h a t  I  M ake  It.

When  we  consider  that  we  are  sole 
m asters of  our thoughts,  we  can  readiiy 
see  and  understand  that  we  DO  make 
our own  conditions  and  our  own  busi­
ness.  What  is  the  use  in  any  one  person 
troubling  himself about  another  who 
is 
in  the  same  line  of  business  as  himself? 
The  only  competitors  we  have  after  all 
are  our  own  mistakes.

Why  should  I  keep  my  mind  filled 
with  thoughts  of  fear  that  some  one  else 
may  do  more  business  than  myself?  We 
should  remember that our  minds  can not 
entertain  thoughts  that  will  make  us 
successful  when  we  are  continually  en­
tertaining  thoughts of  fear.  Many  are 
laboring  under the  false  impression  that 
our conditions  depend  largely  on  some 
one  else;  this  is  entirely the  wrong  con­
ception  of  the  nature  of  things.  Too 
many  of  us  seem  to  think that  others are 
greater  than  we  and  for  this  reason  we 
feel afraid  of  the  other  fellow  who seems 
to  go  along 
in  life  easy,  and  making 
money  the  while.

We  should  never  fear the  “ other  fel­
low.”  
It  is  our own  self alone  that  we 
need  fear  more  than  anything  else. 
When  one  can  command the  attention  of 
the  people  he  has  nothing  to  fear.  And 
the  only  way  for one  to  command  this 
attention 
is  to  pay  a  great  deal  of  at­
tention  to  himself.  He  must  first  learn 
who  be 
is  and  what  kind  of  stuff  he  is 
made  of.  When  a  man  who  is  in  busi­
ness  learns  that  before  he  can  command 
the  attention  of  the  people  he  must 
prove  to  them that  he  knows  himself,  in 
that  he  must  not  be  afraid  of  himself  or 
any  one  else.  The  world 
in  general 
loves  any  man  who  is  not  a  coward. 
Prove  to  your trade  that  you  are  honest 
with  yourself,  and  that  you  are  not 
afraid  of  anything  that  is  right  and  you 
will  begin  to  succeed.

Now,  in  order  to  bring  this  about,  you

must  use  lots  of  printers’  ink.  Do  not 
be  afraid  to  talk  to  your  people  just  the 
same  as  you  would  over  the  counter;  in 
fact,  talking  to  your  trade  on  paper  is 
much  better  than 
the 
counter,  for  you  can  talk  to  thousands 
on  paper,  while  you can  talk  only  to  one 
over  the  counter.

talking  over 

The  way  to  make more business,  then, 
is  to  do  lots  of  talking,  and  the  way  to 
let  your  business  get  away  from  you«is 
to  let  the  other  fellow  talk.  But  remem­
ber,  while  you  talk,  tell  the  truth.

You  can  not  fool  anybody.  You  have 
been  fooled,  no  doubt,  but  remember 
that  you  soon  discovered  you were being 
deceived.  Always  try  to  remember  the 
experience  you  have  had  with  others 
who  have  tried  to  fool  you  before  you 
try  the  little  game  on  any  one.  A  busi­
ness  man  who  will  make  up  his  mind  to 
treat  each  and every one of his customers 
alike  and  nse  printers'  ink  to  the  same 
amount  as  bis  rent  costs  will  make  his 
business  a  success.

like 

Like  begets 

We  should  never  forget  that  every­
thing  is  governed  according  to  the  laws 
of  nature. 
in  all 
things.  We  must  give  before  we  can 
receive.  The  best  way  to  spend  money 
is  to  invest  it  in  something  that  will  at­
tract  the  public. 
I  have  never  beard 
of  a  man 
just  starting  in  business  but 
whose  first thought  was,  “ How  shall  I 
let  the  people  know  that  I  am  starting 
in  this  business?”  
it  is  necessary 
to  let  the  public  know  when  one  is  go­
ing  into  business,  it  certainly  is  neces­
sary to  keep  on telling  them  that you  are 
still  at  the  old  stand. 
If  you  cease  to 
give  as  you  did  at  first,  you  will  as 
surely  cease  to  receive.

If 

If  you  want your  business  to  grow,  put 
all  your  life  into  it.—Edward  Miller  in 
Shoe  Trade  Journal.

K e e p in g   E v e r la stin g ly   A t  It.

The  one  big  “ don’t ”  in  the  adver­
tising  business  is,  "D o n 't  let  u p.”
Consider  your  advertising  as  the  sow­
ing  of  business  seed;  it  is  not 
just 
enough  to  sow  part  of  a crop  and  expect 
a  full  field  of  harvest;  it 
is  not  just 
enough  to  put  the  seed  in  any old  way 
and  trust  to  Divine Providence to do  the 
rest.  You  have  to  keep  tilling  your  ad­
vertising  soil;  fertilizing  it;  irrigating 
in  more  seed  for  the  next 
it;  putting 
crop.
If  ten  million  or  ten  billion  dollars 
were  put  into  a  bridge  that  fell  ten  feet 
short  of  the  other  side  of  the  gulf  to  be 
spanned,  the  bridge,  as  a  bridge,  would 
not  be  worth  30 cents;  would  it?

Don’t 

let  up 

The  French  say,  “ It’s  the  first  step 
that costs;”   the  Yankees  know  it  is  the 
“ last  half  inch  that  counts.”
in  your  advertising; 
don’t  figure  that,  because  you  are  doing 
a  comfortable  trade  on  such  advertis­
ing  as  you  have  already  done,  you 
should  rest  on  your  advertising  oars;, 
that  means  stagnation.
Follow  up  your  good  work  with  still 
more  of  the  same  kind;  you  would  not 
be  getting  results  unless  it  was  good; 
being  good,  you  want  to  get  all  the  re­
sults  you  can.  And  you  want  to  get 
after 
after
awhile.

them  now—to-day—not 

A  high-tempered  widow  had 

ill- 
natured  remarks  made  about  her  by  a 
young  man.  She  determined  to  squelch 
his  thirst  for  scandal,  so,  arming herself 
with  a  rolling  pin,  she  went  down  to 
where  he  worked,  and,  with  a  cheerful 
remark,  “ I  don't  want  to  hurt  you,  but 
I  wish  to  punish  you,”   belabored  the 
tattler  with  her  rolling  pin,  breaking bis 
ribs  and  nearly  bis  backbone,  until  he 
cried  for  mercy.  What  would  the  widow 
do  if  she  really  started  to  hurt?  Sam 
Weller  was  right. 
“ Beware  of  the  vid- 
ders. ”

It  is  slow work  building  up,  but  when 
you  reach  a  solid  footing  you are usually 
there  to  stay.

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

5 7

{  Ristory and Rorcbound  (

The  belief  that  Horehound  is  possessed  of  certain  virtues  as a  reme- 
It  is  a  knowledge  that 

dial  agent in  Coughs  and  Colds  is  as  old  as  man. 
seems  to  be  born  with  us  and  an  integral  part  of  our  nature.

But  if  we  want  Horehound  we  want  it  good.

Ve Olde Fashion 

~S
^5 

I

y 1 
^  

i 

trade  mark

^UiUiUiUiUiUiUiUiUiUiUiUiUiUiUiUR

l>orebound Drops

are  always  good  and  are  in  greater  demand  than  any  other  horehound 
preparation  on  the  market.

Printed  bags  and  window  cards  with  every  order.
Packed  in  35  pound  pails  and  100  pound  tubs.  Send  for  samples.

Putnam  Factory
Grand  Rapids,  lUicb.

Rational  Candy  Co.

5 8

SC H E D U L E   R A T IN G .

W h ere in   I t  W ill  R e su lt  to   th e  A d van tage 

o f  In su rers.

There  has  been  considerable  talk 
about  the  increase  of  the  insurance rates 
in  all  classes  of  business,  except  dwell­
ings,  household  furniture,  churches  and 
school  bouses,  and  to  those  unfamiliar 
with  the insurance business  this increase 
appears  to  be  unjust  and  uncalled  for, 
it  is  hard  to  convince  the  business 
and 
man  that  the  average 
insurance 
company  has  been  doing  a  losing  busi­
ness  and  has  not  shared  in  the  general 
prosperity  of  the  past  few  years.  The 
insurance  figures  for  four  years  will  il­
lustrate  somewhat  the  condition  of  the
business:
Losses  paid.............................$354.528,673
Expenses,  taxes,  loss adjust­

fire 

ments, commissions,  etc.  220,544,011
Total  expense................. $575,072,684

Contra.

Premiums  received...........   $575.402,907
Deduct  increase in unearned 
premiums  and  all  other
claims..............................  33,911,989
Net  earnings...........................$541,490,918

Net  underwriting  loss..$  33,581,766
These  figures  show  that  the  fire  insur­
ance  companies  have  lost  large  money 
in  the  past  few  years.  While  some  com­
panies  have  shown  a  gain and a surplus, 
they  have  not  done  so  through  their  in­
surance. 
companies  have 
two  different  branches  of  business.  The 
investment  or  banking  branch  has  noth­
ing  to  do  with  the  insurance  part,  and 
insurance  companies  show 
while  some 
a  profit 
in  some  years,  the  money  has 
been  made  on  their  banking  or  invest­
ments.

Insurance 

Since 

1898  200  fire 

business,  and 

insurance  com­
panies  have  retired  from  the  business. 
Of  these  200  companies,  two  were Mich­
igan  stock  companies—the  Grand  Rap­
ids  Fire  Insurance  Co.  and  the  Saginaw 
Valley 
Insurance  Co.—both  of  these 
companies  having  a  paid  up  capital 
stock  of  $200,000  each.  They  did  a 
conservative 
volume 
enough  to  get  an  average,  yet  both  were 
compelled  to  reinsure  and  retire  on  ac­
count  of  the  low  rates  and  heavy  losses.
in 
different  states  has  done  much  to  in­
crease  the  expenses  of  the  companies 
and,  instead  of  being  a  benefit  to  policy 
holders,  has  been  a  serious  drawback 
and  has  been  the  means  of  holding  up 
a 
lot  of  wildcat  or  irresponsible  com­
panies.

Hostile  or  adverse 

legislation 

insurers  at 

We  hold  that  a  combination,  if  there 
were  such,  among  the  insurance  com­
panies,  founded  on  proper  principles, 
honesty  and 
impartiality,  are  not  only 
necessary  to  the  success  of  the  insur­
ance  business,  but  are  a  positive  direct 
benefit  to  the 
large,  and 
they  would  not  any  more  make  the  rate 
higher  or  lower,  but  they  would  have 
the  power  to  compel  observance  of  their 
requirements 
legislating  to 
prevent  insurance  companies from  form­
ing  a combination.  The Legislature,  on 
the contrary,  should  pass  laws  to compel 
companies  to combine  for the purpose  of 
fixing  rates  which  would  be  fair to  the 
public  and  themselves.  Any  such  law 
would  do  more  to  benefit the public  than 
all  the  legislation  on  the  subject  of 
in­
surance  which is  now upon  statute  hooks 
of  many  states.

instead  of 

It 

Schedule  rating,  now being adopted,  is 
practically  a  new  feature. 
is  based 
upon  the  experience  of  nearly  all  lead­
ing 
for  a 
period  of  many  years.  That  is  to  say, 
the  premiums  and  losses  for  this  period 
from  these  companies,
were  obtained 

fire  . insurance  companies 

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

losses  upon  the 
showing  receipts  and 
different  classes  of  property 
insured. 
Some  classes  are  shown  to  be  already 
self  supporting;  others,  and  the  major­
ity  of  them,  show  big  losses  and  must 
be  advanced.  No  argument  is  neces­
sary  to  convince  any  intelligent  person 
that  insurance  less  than  cost  can  not  be 
permanent,  as  the  business  must  be 
made  self  supporting.

Under  schedule  rating  each  risk  rates 
itself,  each  risk  being  rated  according 
to  its  hazard.  Under  schedule  rating 
you  can  lower  or  increase your own rate, 
according  to  the  construction  of  your 
building  and  the  cleanliness  of  your 
premises.  This  system  should  surely 
appeal  to  every 
insurer,  for  it  is  just 
and  fair  to  all. 
It  is  a  right  rate  by  a 
right  method  and  no  favoritism  shown 
to any  one.

Insurers  can  also  reduce  their  rate  10

W h a t  Is  R eq u ired   T o  B e  S uccessful.
To  do  a  large,  successful  business  of 
any  kind  you  must  locate  on  a  path  of 
business.  You  must  solve  the  problem 
of  bow  to  attract  the  attention  of  the 
people  as  they  pass  by.  The  announce­
ment  of the  fact  that  you  are  a  dealer  or 
a  sign  over  your  door  does  not  signify. 
Anybody  can  have  a  sign  made  and 
every  one  who  is  in  business  does  have 
one  made  and  hangs  it  in  front  of  his 
store,  but 
is  each  of  them  successful? 
Not  by  a  long  shot.  We  should  remem­
ber  that  it  makes  no  difference  how  at­
tractive  things 
look  around  the  store, 
people  always  go  where  they  think  they 
will  get  the  best  for  their  money.

The  only  way  you  can  make  them 
think  that  your  store 
is  not  only  the 
most  attractive  but  the  best  in  goods 
and  price  is  to tell  them  of  it  in  strong 
language  while  they  are  in  their  homes.

each  and  every  day  we  are  attracting 
power  to  us.

We  should  remember that  all  power  is 
in  the  thoughts  that  make  us  move,  and 
that  thoughts  alone  build  the  condi­
tion  of  business.

We  should  be  very  careful 

in  regard 
to the  different  thoughts  our  clerks  en­
tertain  also,  for  they  will  have  a  certain 
effect  on  the  customers.  Many  people 
make  their own  unhappy  conditions  by 
simply  speaking  too  quick. 
In  this 
you  must  educate  your  clerks  or  your 
great  efforts 
in  advertising  will  be  in­
effectual.  As  I  have  said  before,  we 
make  our own  conditions,  and  it  is  our 
duty  to  be  very  careful  of  things  that 
may  tend  to  undo  a  work  that took many 
days  to  build.  Much  depends  on  the 
mode  of  a  man  whether  he  is  to  be  suc­
cessful  or  not,  and  the  different  modes 
If  man's 
of  men  lie  in  their  thinking. 
different  modes  lie 
in  his 
thinking, 
then 
is  essential  that  he  should  en­
deavor  to  think  right.  Now  the  best 
way  for one  to  be  sure  of this  is to judge 
everything  from  one's  own  experience. 
We  must  remember  that the possibilities 
of  man  are  infinite,  because  he  can  sit 
at  home  and  summon  the  whole  world 
in  his  presence.  There  is  no  limit  to 
the  man  who  lives  on  the  mental  plane. 
The  man  who  lives  on  the  mental  plane 
may  entertain  the  multitude. 
If  this  be 
true,  and 
is  true,  then  a 
man's  possibilities  are  very  favorable 
when  he  endeavors  to  live  on  the  men­
tal  plane.  But  who  stops  to  think  about 
this  very  important  subject?

it  certainly 

it 

No  man  can  live  successfully  on  the 
mental  plane  of  life 
if  be  frets  and 
worries.  He  who  frets  and  worries  is 
likely  to 
lose  valuable  time,  time  that 
might  have  been  used  in  writing  a  good 
advertisement,  which  would  bring  him 
trade,  and  seeing  bis  clerks  waiting 
on  trade  as  a  result  of  his  advertisement 
would  bring  smiles  to  his  face  instead 
of vain regretting.  It does not take a very 
smart  man  to  educate  himself out  of  the 
habit  of  worrying.  Anyone  can  throw 
off  these  unpleasant  feelings.  The  best 
way  to  throw  off  worrying  thoughts  is  to 
determine  not  to  entertain  them.  We 
should  all  remember  that  the  mind  can 
entertain  but  one  thought  at  a  time,  and 
if  we  allow  our  minds  to 
indulge  in 
worrying  thoughts,  we  must  understand 
that  in  so  doing  we  keep  successful 
thoughts  out. 
If  this  sounds  reasonable,
: how  can  you  expect  to  be  successful 
if 
you  sit and worry?  Edward Miller,  Jr.

T h e  W in d   D id   It.

per cent,  by accepting the following per­
centage  clause:

In  consideration  of  a  reduced  rate  of 
premium,  it  is  hereby  agreed,  that  in 
case  of  loss,  this  company  will  pay  only 
such  proportion  of  the  loss,  as  the  sum 
hereby  insured  bears  to  80  per  cent,  of 
the  value  of  the  property  insured;  but 
in  no  case  shall  this company  be  liable 
for  a  greater  proportion  of  any  loss,than 
the  amount  hereby  insured  shall  bear  to 
the  whole 
insurance  whether  valid  or 
not.

This  clause 

limits  a  company’s  lia­
bility  to  the  proportion  of  insurance  to 
value.

In  placing  your  insurance  always look 
first  to  the 
indemnity  offered,  then  to 
the  agent’s  ability  as  an  underwriter to 
write  your  policy  correctly.

W.  Fred  McBain.

Life  is  not a  cup  to  be  emptied  but 

a  measure  to  be  filled.

And  if  you  are  personally  acquainted 
with  everybody  in  your  town  you  must 
be  very  careful  to  tell  them  all  about 
your  business 
in  your  own  language, 
never  allow  any  one  to  do  your  adver­
tising  or  your  buying  if  your  trade  is 
apt  to  discover  it,  as  they  will  not  have 
faith  in  you  as  they  would  if  they  know 
you  are  capable  of  handling  all  this 
yourself.  Don’t  you  know  that  people 
rather  like  to  see  a  business  man  who 
has  faith  in  himself?  That  people  may 
have  faith  in  you,  you  must  prove  that 
you  are  a  man  of  good  judgment.
I  find  people  will  talk  about  a  man 
in 
if  he  is  not  afraid  to  start 

more  freely  and  will  advertise  him 
many  ways 
the  ball  rolling.

We  make  our  own  conditions  in  all 
things,  and  these  conditions  all  depend 
on  how  we  handle  the  thoughts  that 
come  to  us;  if  we  are  careful  of  this

"  I  happened  to  be in a Wyoming town 
when  a  city  lot  was  put  up  at  auction," 
said  a  Grand  Rapids  drummer,  "and 
in  a  spirit  of  fun  I  made  a  bid  or two. 
It  was  knocked  down  to  me  at  $40,  and 
I  was wondering  if  anybody  would  take 
it  off  my  bands  at  half  that  when  the 
city marshal  called  on  me  and  said:

"Look  here,  pard,  1  want  to  lease 

your lot  by  the  head.”
"What  do  you  mean  by  head?”   I 
asked.
"W ell,  it’s  the  only  lot  in  town  with 
a  tree  on  it,  and  I  want  to  use  that  tree 
when  there's  a  hanging  to  be  done.  I ’ll 
give  you  $5  every  time  I  use  it ."
antee?’ ’

"A nd  about  what  sum  can  you  guar­
"O h,  it  will  run  $50  or $60 a  year, 
if  times  are  good  it'll  go 

anyhow;  but 
$80 or $90. ’ ’

" 1   closed  with  him ,"  said  the  drum­
mer,  "and 
in  six  months  my  income 
was  $35.  Then,  not  hearing  anything 
further,  I  wrote  to  the  marshal,  and  in 
reply  he  said :
‘ Sorry  to  inform  you  that  your  old 
tree  has  blowed  down  and  that  we  now 
have  to  walk  a  man  a  mile  to  hang 
him.’  "

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

5 9

MICA 

AXLE

has Decome known on account of its  good  qualities.  Merchants  handle 
Mica because their customers want the best  axle grease they can get for 
their money.  Mica is the best because  it  is  made  especially  to  reduce 
friction,  and friction  is  the  greatest  destroyer  of  axles  and  axle  boxes. 
It is becoming a  common  saying  that  “Only  one-half  as  much  Mica  is 
required for satisfactory lubrication as of any other axle  grease,” so  that 
Mica is not only the best  axle  grease  on  the  market  but  the  most  eco­
nomical as well.  Ask  your  dealer  to  show you  Mica  in  the  new white 
and blue tin packages.

ILLU M IN A TIN G   AND 
LU B R IC A TIN G   OILS

P E R FE C TIO N   OIL  IS  TH E  STA N D A R D  

TH E  W O RLD  O VER

H IO H B 8 T   P R IO l  R A ID   F O R   E M P T Y   O A R B O N   A N D   « A S O L IN B   B A R R E L »

S TA N D A R D   OIL  CO.

M i c h i g a n
Rotary
Roller Bearing
W a s h i n g
Machines

Are  the  finest,  easiest  running  and  most  simple  ma­
chines  made.  They  are  all  fitted  with  the  new  im­
proved  roller  bearings.  The  bottoms  are  also  re­
enforced  by  tongue  and  groove  strips  which  make 
them  stronger  than  any  others.  They  are  simple, 
strong,  easy  running  and  noiseless.  Do  not jar  or 
pound  when  reversing at  high  speed.

The  Michigan  machines  are  the 
best  and  most  popular on  the mar­
ket.  Up-to-date  merchants  al­
ways  keep  a stock  on  hand.

Write  for  pamphlets  and  prices 

to-day.
Michigan
Washing  Machine  go*

m uskcgon,  m icb.

Talk About Your

If there is  anything  that can  beat  an 
old  Pound  and  Ounce  Scale  for  actual 
thieving and persistent  pilfering  we  don’t 
know  what  it  is  unless  it is  the  thief  who 
enters your  house  in  the night  season  and 
disturbs  your  domestic  tranquility. 

The  M o n ey  W e ig h t  S c a le  and 
the  M o n ey  W e ig h t  S ystem   is  the  only 
thing  that will  stop  these  daily  losses. 

|pj 
¡H 
jp  
||| 
||j 
|||
| |  

|||

The  Computing  Scale  Co

Dayton,  Ohio,  U .  S.  A .

Money Weight Scale Co. 

jf

4 7   State St.. Chicago

SOLE  DISTRIBUTORS 

| | |

60

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

T H E   R A IL W A Y S   O F  M IC H IG A N .

D isco u ra g in g   F e a tu r es  E x p erien ced  

th e   E a rly   D ays.

in  

We  have  become  so  used  to the* oper­
ations  of  railroads  and  the  accommoda­
tions  furnished  by  them  that  we  are 
likely  to  forget  the  extent of  their  use­
fulness  and,  above  all,  their  history.  In 
these  days  of  plentiful  resources  great 
stretches  of  railway  are  constructed  in 
different  parts  of  the  country,  involving 
an  outlay  beyond  the  comprehension 
of  the  average  citizen,  and  we  consider 
only  the  results. 
It  is  not  made  neces­
sary  to  enquire  by  what  means  nor  from 
what  sources  the  money  has  come,  since 
it  is  all  carried  on  so  easily  and  with 
little  demands  upon  the  community 
so 
through  which  the  line  passes. 
It  has 
not  always  been 
The 
so,  however. 
early  days  of  construction were  attended 
by  alternate  hope  and  failure  and  some 
of  the  older  citizens  of  our  State,  living 
in  remote  communities,  could  tell  piti­
ful  stories  of  the  self-denial,  the  contri­
butions  and  the  failures  of  projected 
railroads.

west  of  Detroit,  and  with  the  latter  city 
containing  not  more  than  2,500  people, 
still  ambitious  projects  for  internal  im­
provement  were  almost  as  plentiful  as 
all  sorts  of  projects  are  at  the  present 
day.  Following  out  their  enterprising 
designs,  the  council  of  the  territory  on 
June  29,  1832,  authorized  the  incorpora­
tion  of  the  Detroit  &  St.  Joseph  R ail­
road.  The 
leading  citizens  of  Detroit 
and  along  the  proposed  line  became  the 
stockholders.  All  of  these  men  are  now 
dead,  but the names  of  many  have  since 
figured  in  the  State's  history.

The  stock  of  the  proposed  company 
was  taken 
in  Detroit,  probably  not  a 
dollar  being  subscribed  east  of  that 
point. 
It  should  be  remembered,  to  the 
credit  of  these  gentlemen,  that  they  un­
dertook  this  great  project  at  an  early 
stage—a  time  when  the  first  railroad 
north  of  Pennsylvania 
(Albany  & 
Schenectady)  bad  only  been  running 
about  one  year.  With  all  the  patriotism

These  highways  are  prosperous  or 
otherwise,  depending  upon  the  business 
conditions  of  the  State.  They suffer with 
private  interests  and,  in  a  limited  way 
at 
least,  prosper  when  others  prosper. 
The  time  has  come  when  no  town  or 
community  can  hope  for  growth  in com­
parison  with  its  neighbor  except  it  be 
located  upon  at 
least  one  line  of  rail­
road.  So  keen  has  become  competition 
among  manufacturers  and  traders  that 
there  must  not  only  be  a  railway,  but  it 
must  furnish  sidetracks  and  quick  serv­
ice  to  the  very  door  where  the  business 
is  conducted.  This  necessity  has  made 
and  marred  many  places  and  has  had  a 
most  unfortunate  tendency  to  build  up 
favored  cities  and  other convenient  cen­
ters  at  the  expense  of  the  intermediate 
towns.  This  unfortunate  condition  can 
not  for  the  time  being  be  prevented, 
is  the  result  of  a  simple  and 
since 
it 
natural 
law.  Through  the  aid,  how­
ever,  of  restrictive  laws  affecting  dis­
favor  of  competitive 
crimination 
points,  the  difficulty 
long  run 
may  be  righted  and  the 
inconvenience 
and 
loss  meantime  must  be charged  to 
the  marvelous  pace  with  which  our 
country  is  being  settled.

in  the 

in 

large,  it 

At  this  time,  when  the  business  of  the 
is  most  prosperous  and 
State  at  large 
the  traffic of  the  railroads  is  correspond­
ingly 
is  still  worth  while  to 
look  backward  at  humble  beginnings. 
VVe  are  all  apt  to  overlook  this,  not  only 
in  connection  with  corporate  enterprises 
like  railroads,  but  I  have  known 
indi­
viduals  to  either wholly  forget  their  own 
early  struggles  or to  hear  with  some  im­
patience  any  reference  to  them.  The 
history  of  railroad  construction  is  with­
in  the  easy  reach  of  all,  but  unless 
brought to our  special  attention,  all  sorts 
of  research  are  put  aside  for what is cur­
rent  and  near  at  hand.
Active  emigration 

into  Michigan 
commenced  about  1830  and  was  at  its 
height  during  the  intervening  years  up 
to  1836.  The  population  which  came 
was  largely  from  Western  New York and 
New  England.  These  people  brought 
with  them  youth  and  energy,  along  with 
magnificent  plans  for the  new  empire. 
It  would  be  highly  interesting  now  to 
consider  the  hundreds  of  schemes  and 
plans  for  developing 
the  State  and, 
along  with  these projects,  to  realize  how 
few  the  inhabitants  were  in  number and 
how  meager  the  resources  at  their  com­
mand.

With  the  State  practically  unsettled

and  self-denial  of  the  stockholders,  but 
little  headway  was  made,  and  when  the 
State  was  admitted  in  1837  the  line  had 
barely  been  constructed  to  Ypsilanti. 
The  government  of  the  new  State,  in 
common  with  the governments of neigh­
boring  states,  was  ambitious  for  public 
works  of  this  character  and  in  1837  pur­
chased  the  railroad  from 
its  owners. 
After  all  the  effort  which  had  been 
made  prior to  that time  and  with all  the 
sacrifice  and  self-denial  of  the  promot­
ers,  only  about  $30,000  bad  been  ex­
pended.  The  State,  in  its  ambition,  is­
sued  bonds  for a  loan  of $5,000,000,  and 
bonds  to  that  amount  were  put  out,  al­
though  less  than  $3,000,000 was  realized 
from  their  sale.  Thereupon  the  State 
proceeded  with  the  construction  of  the 
railroad,  with  the  purpose  of  finding  a 
terminus  at  some  place  on  Lake  Michi­
gan  near  Michigan  City.  Upon  the 
purchase  being  made,  the  name  was 
changed  by  the  State  to  the  Michigan

Central  Railroad,  and  that  name,  as 
we  know,  has  been  continued  to  the 
present  time.

The  crash  of  1837  put  to  sleep  for  the 
time  being  a  large  number of  other  am­
bitious  projects,  some  of  which  never 
revived,  and  others  of  which  afterwards 
were  carried  out.  Time  will  not  per­
mit  more  than  a  passing  notice  in  re­
spect  to  the  construction  of  railroads 
generally. 
It  must  be  sufficient  at  this 
time  to  refer  to  the  one  just  stated  and 
its  sister  line,  the  Michigan  Southern. 
Our  chief  interest,  however,  is 
in  the 
Michigan  Central,  because,  among  other 
reasons,  of  the  name  it  bears,  and  be­
cause  it 
is  what  may  be  considered  the 
earliest  and  most  effective  trunk  line 
this  State  has  had.

The  first  charter  of  the  Michigan 
Southern  Railroad  was  from  Monroe  to 
Lake  Michigan.  The  Eastern  terminus 
was  afterwards  changed  to  Toledo,  al­
though,  perhaps,  both 
lines  were  built.

The  Toledo terminus,  however,  became 
the  chief  one.

One  of  the  earliest  railroad  projects 
was  that  of  a  line  from  Detroit  to  Lake 
Michigan  by  way  of Pontiac.  The finan­
cial  and  other  difficulties  surrounding 
the  construction  of  this  line  would  be 
considered  at  present  as  most laughable, 
but  were  serious  enough  to  the  parties 
immediately  concerned.  This  road  was 
chartered  by  the  Territorial  Legislature 
in 
1834  and  the  road,  such  as  it  was, 
was completed  to  Pontiac,  28  miles,  in 
1843.

It  is  well  worth  while  for  the  citizens 
of  Grand  Rapids  to  refer  now  and  then 
to  the  hardships  and  losses  attending 
the  construction  of  this  line,  because 
it 
was  the  first  road into  the  city  (i857)and 
for  ten  years  or  more  continued  the only 
one.

Returning  to  the  history  of  the Michi- 
I gan  Central,  the  State  continued  the 
construction,  through  many  difficulties

and  by  slow  degrees,  westward  from 
Ypsilanti.  Money,  however, was  scarce, 
material  for  construction  was  difficult 
to  obtain,  and  the  State 
itself  was  an 
unsuitable 
instrument  to  carry  on  this 
type  of  public  work.  The  State  was 
overwhelmingly  involved and  the  affairs 
in  such  a  condition 
of  the  road  were 
that  work  ceased;  in  fact,  the  aban 
donment of  what  had  been  constructed 
was  at  one  time  contemplated,  and 
would  probably  have  been  carried  out 
except  for  the  strenuous  effort  of  Gov­
ernor  Barry,  who  became personally  lia­
ble  for  money  to  cover  the  immediate 
wants.

in 

charter  was 

The  Legislature 

1846  assembled 
and  at  once  took  up  the  question  of  a 
sale  of  the  road.  A  purchaser  was  found 
in  J.  W.  Brooks,  of  Boston,  at  $2,000,- 
000,  and  a 
granted.
T  rails  bad  come  into  use  elsewhere and 
the  purchaser  was  required  to  use  this 
type,  weighing  not 
less  than  sixty 
pounds  to  the  yard,  for  both  old  and 
new  work,  and  was  allowed  to  make  the 
terminus  on  Lake  Michigan  at  any 
point  the  company  might  see  fit. 
It  is 
a  singular  fact  that afterwards, when  the 
road  had  been  constructed  to  the  Lake 
near  the  State  line,  Indiana  refused  to 
allow  the  work  to  proceed  through  that 
territory,  and 
it  was  some  time  before 
that  State  would  allow  the  construction 
to  proceed  toward  Chicago.

The  charter  granted  to  the  Michigan 
Central  Railroad  fifty-six  years  ago,  at 
a  time  when  but  few  railroads  were  in 
operation,  is  most  interesting  reading. 
The  apt  and  suitable 
language  em­
ployed,  the careful  provisions  in  respect 
to  rates  of  traffic  and  dealings  with  the 
public,  were  all  quite  perfect,  and 
might  be  still  used,  unimproved  by 
changed  conditions  and  the  ingenuity 
of 
lawyers  in  the 
many  new  enterprises  elsewhere.  The 
last  clause  in  the  Act  has  to  such  an 
extent  been  the  subject  of  discussion 
that  it  may  well  be  quoted  here:

later  managers  and 

The  State  reserves  the  right  at  any 
time  after  thirty  years  from  the  passage 
of  this  Act,  by  vote  of  two-thirds  of 
each  branch  of  the  Legislature,  to  alter, 
amend  or  repeal  the  same;  provided, 
that  said  company  shall  be compensated 
by  the  State  for all  damages  sustained 
by  reason  of  such  alteration,  amend­
ment  or  repeal.

Agitation  in  late  years  has  compelled 
the  Legislature  to  repeal  the  charter 
under  the  clause  quoted  and  the  com­
pany  is  now  operating  under  the  gen­
eral  law.

To  the  stockholders  of  this  corpora­
tion  and  their  friends  in  the  East  the 
State  of  Michigan  is indebted  for  a  vast 
outlay  of  money  in  the  construction  of 
other  lines  than  the  principal  one.  Of 
course,  these  enterprises  were  under­
taken  for  profit,  but  the  State  has  been 
immensely  benefited  thereby  and  our 
interested  in  knowing 
people  may  be 
losses  on  the  part  of  the  in­
that  great 
vestors  were  the  result. 
It  may  be  esti­
mated  that  not less  than $60,000,000  was 
thus  used. 
Primarily,  no  doubt  the 
new  roads  were  intended  to  supplement 
and  feed  the  main  line  and  yet,  for  the 
most  part,  they  have  passed  from  under 
the  control  of  the  Central  Company  and 
are  now  being  operated  independently. 
Some  of  these  lines  may be mentioned— 
the  Jackson,  Lansing  &  Saginaw,  the 
Grand  River  Valley,  Chicago  &  Michi­
gan  Lake  Shore,  the 
Jackson  &  Ft. 
Wayne,  the  Michigan Air Line,  Detroit, 
Hillsdale  &  Indiana,  Kalamazoo  & 
South  Haven,  Detroit, 
Lansing  & 
Northern  and  the  Detroit  &  Bay  City. 
From  1840  onward  some  mileage  has

PILES
Cured

In  1 5   M inutes

I have  made  a  new  discover;  (or  the 
cure  of  piles  without  Knife,  Cautery, 
Chloroform,  Pain  or  Detention  from 
Business.  The  treatment  consists  of 
DISSOLVING  and  ABSORBING  piles 
by means of a properly applied mild cur­
rent  of  electricity;  a  property  of  elec­
tricity  discovered  and  used  exclusively 
by me, administered by an equipment  of 
my  own  Invention,  the  construction  of 
which  Is  a  secret.  The pile Is dissolved 
In a few minutes  and  readily  absorbs  In 
a  few  days.  You  suffer  no  Inconve­
nience whatever from the treatment, and 
you are not laid up at  all.  I  have cured 
many  bad  cases  in  ONE  PAINLESS 
TREATMENT, so  the  patient  was able 
to return home on the next  train  cured.
If you suffer with piles, write  me a full 
description  of  your  case  as  you  under­
stand  It  and  I  will give you my opinion 
free of  charge  and  send  you  a booklet

telling all about my NEW DISSOLVENT 
METHOD  for  the  CURE  OF  PILES. 
If you have a friend  who  Is afflicted  and 
you wish to do him a kindness for  which 
he will be everlastingly  grateful  to  you, 
send his name and  address  to  me and  I 
will send him my  booklet.

I have a  local  reputation  for  remark­
able cures In this  line  and  dealing  hon­
estly  and  honorably  with  my  patients, 
who send  me  their  afflicted friends  and 
acquaintances for treatment, and In  this 
way I get a large clientele from all  parts 
of  the  country;  but  wishing  my  new 
DISSOLVENT  METHOD for the CURE 
OP  PILES  to  become  more  widely 
known, have decided  to do a little adver­
tising.  I am not an extensive advertiser, 
and If you are  Interested I  would  advise 
you  to  be  sure and write me at once, as 
you may not see my advertisement again.
I deal with  my  patients  on  the  same 
basts as their  family  physician  does.  I 
exact no deposit and  no  Ironclad  agree­
ment.  When  you  have  returned  home 
and are satisfied you are cured, you  mall 
me a check, and that Is all there is  of  It. 
If I don’t cure  you, It  will  not  cost  you 
one cent.

Dr. Willard M. Burleson

Rectal  Specialist«

103  Monroe  St.

Grand  Rapids,  Michigan

D epartm ent  M

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

Rugs

from
Old

Carpets

The  illustration  herewith 
shows  what  comes  out  of 
worn-out carpets.  This was 
made  from  a  “ Lowell"  (in­
grain)  after  having  been  in 
constant  wear  for  33  years 
and  in the Rug now  is  good 
for  years  of  service. 
Soft 
and  beautiful  as  oriental 
weaves.
The  PeLoskey Rug Mfg. &  

Carpet,  Co., Ltd ., 

of  Petoskey, Mich., make  a 
specialty of these high grade 
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their  own.  They  cater  to 
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None give practical  results but the 

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61

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M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

B E L G IA N   H A R E   R A ISIN G .

T h e  In d u stry  W ill C ontinu e to B e A ttra ct­

iv e   to   M any.

industry 

To  forecast  the  future  of  the  Belgian 
is  not  just  now  an  easy 
hare 
problem. 
It  is  only  about  fifteen  years 
since  the  raising  of  that  variety  of  the 
rabbit  family,  either  as  pets  or  for  mar­
ket,  began  in  this  country.  At  first  the 
fanciers  were  slow  to  recognize  the  bet­
ter  value  of the  Belgians  as  compared 
with  other  breeds  for tame  animals  and 
for  domestic  and  market  uses  and 
profits.  Very 
few  small  animals  re­
claimed  from  the  wild condition become 
fairly  profitable  for  home  raising  on  the 
farm,  although  the  Belgian  hare,  with 
intelligent  care  and  attention,ranks  well 
with  the  hen,  the  goose  and  the  duck 
among  domestic  stock.  This  hare  is 
so  easily  raised  and  cared  for  and  so 
prolific  as  to  yield  a  profit  and  furnish 
pleasant  occupation to the small farmers, 
to  the  hoys  and  girls  of the  farm  or  the I

panies  with  means  sufficient  to  yield 
fair  returns  for  a  moderate  percentage 
investments  and  for  the  requisite 
on 
labor.  The 
labor  part  is  easy  and  may 
be  cheap.

Now  that  the  use  of  the  skins  and  fur 
of  Belgian  hares  is  growing  general,  as 
well  as  the  demand  for their  meat  in the 
markets,  it  should  not  be  long  before 
their  prices  will  again stimulate produc­
tion  and  give  renewed  impetus  to  this 
branch  of  industry  and  we  may  expect 
soon  to  see  this  as  well  as  many  other 
forms  of 
labor  much  revived.  There 
are  now  "trusts”   in  nearly  all the trades 
and  activities  of  life,  also  strikes  grow­
ing  out  of  the  trusts and  their  opera­
tions;  but  from  strikes,  not  perhaps  as 
legitimate  effects  but  as  almost 
inevit­
able  results,  grow  reactions  and  again 
stable  remunerations  in  nearly  all  fields 
of  labor, for  on  labor alone, in the last re­
sort,  must  fall  the  sustenance  of  all  the 
oeople  and  all  the  classes  of  common

62

been  added  to  the  railway  system  of the 
State 
in  every  year  except  five  and 
other lines  of  greater  or  less  importance 
are  yet  to  be  constructed. 
It  is  prob­
able,  however,  that  additional  outlay  in 
this  direction  will  be  made  by  the  own­
ers  of 
lines  already  built,  and  the  ex­
tensions  will  only  accommodate  local 
communities.

It  is  not the  purpose  of  this  article  to 
deal  with  the  interurban  railways. 
It 
may  be  said,  however,  that  an  era  of 
construction 
is  now  at  hand  and  for 
some  years  to  come  a  considerable  ex­
tension  of  these  systems  may  be  ex­
pected.  They  are 
likely  to  cut  some 
figure  with  the  fortunes  of  the  steam 
railroads  and  in  some  localities changed 
conditions  may  result.  A  broad  view 
of  the  subject,  however,  will  suggest 
that 
if  they  will  aid  in  adding  to  our 
population,  giving  greater  value  to  our 
farms  and  making  them  more  attractive 
to  the  growing  generation,  there  will  be 
a  resulting  benefit  to  the  public  at 
large.

In 

To  business  men  a  most  interesting 
feature  of  railway  development  has 
been along  the line of  earnings  and  rates 
of  traffic. 
1873  the  average  rate  for 
the  carriage  of  freight  in  the  State  was 
about  1*4  cents  per  ton  per  mile.  At 
the  present  time  1  suppose  the  rate 
would  not  exceed  one-half  that  amount. 
Our  business  men  would  be  appalled 
if 
3%  cents,  the  rate  of  1854,  prevailed  at 
this  time,  and  they  will  be  glad  to 
realize  that  the  rate  did  not  go  below 
2}i  cents  until  after  1868.  And  yet  so 
great  has  been  the  development  of the 
States  and  the  growth  of  business  that, 
while  the  railroads  at  the  period  first 
stated  were  for  the  most  part  insolvent 
and  unable  to  meet  their  obligations, 
they  are  now with  scarcely  an  exception 
in  a  prosperous  condition.

in 
in 

in  the  same  class. 

The  gross  income  of  the  railroads 
within  the  State  for  the  year  1875  was 
a  little  more  than  $17,000,000,  while  for 
the  current  year  of 
1902  $45,000,000 
would  be  a  safe  estimate.  During  the 
year  1875  but  four  roads  having  mileage 
in  the  State  paid  a  dividend  and  none 
of  these  roads  were  tributary  to  Grand 
Rapids. 
By  way  of  comparing  the 
present  prosperity of  the roads with  their 
1873  to  1876,  it  may  be 
condition 
said  that 
1873  seven  of  our  roads 
less  than  their  operating  ex­
earned 
late  as  1876  five  lines 
penses,  while  as 
were 
In  1876  more 
than  $3,000,000,  or  something 
like  25 
per  cent,  of  the  whole  interest  due  from 
our  roads,  went  by  default.  In  the  same 
year  seven  of  the  roads  paid no interest; 
eight  paid  a  part  but  left  unpaid  nearly 
$2,500,000. 
is  interesting  to  notice 
that  among  these  were  the  Chicago  & 
Michigan  Lake  Shore,  Detroit  &  Mil­
waukee,  Detroit, 
Lansing  &  Lake 
Michigan,  Flint  &  Pere  Marquette  and 
the  Michigan  Lake  Shore,  while  the  re­
maining  twenty-five  roads  in  the  aggre­
gate  earned 
less  by  nearly  $4,000,000 
than 
their  operating  expenses,  interest 
and  rental.

It 

is  every 

The  agricultural 

resources  of  the 
just 
northern  part  of our  State  are  only 
beginning  to  be  understood  and  appre­
ciated,  and  there 
indication 
that  these  resources  will  be  developed 
by  a  rapidly 
increasing  population. 
The  railroads  running  north  and  south, 
with  such  feeders  as  will  be  added,  are 
quite  sufficient  to  afford  transportation 
facilities  for the  products.  There  seems 
no  reason  to  doubt  an  era  of  prosperity 
in  this  reign  for  both  railroads  and  peo­
ple,  and 
it  rests  with  the  city  of  Grand 
Rapids  to  take  advantage  of  the  possi­
bilities  destined  to  flow  from  these 
conditions. 

Thomas  J.  O’ Brien.

its 

makes  them  turn  blessings  into  curses. 
Under 
influence  a  plurality  of  our 
fellow  men  renounce  their  birthright  to 
freedom  and  comfort.  Rather 
than 
defy  the  tyranny  of  insane  dogmas,  be­
ings  of  our  species  have  sacrificed  their 
children  to  Moloch ;  Hindu widows have 
consented  to  perish  in  the  flames  of  the 
stake.

"D o   you  believe  fashion  could  in­
duce  our  people  to  wear  blue  spec­
tacles?”   a  French 
lady  asked  the  re­
former,  Condorcet.

" I   have  not  the  slightest  doubt  they 
would  agree  to  wear  blisters,"  said  the 
old  philosopher.

To  women  especially  custom 

is  a 
worse  tyrant  than  poverty. 
It  incum­
bers  them  with  artificial  impediments 
that  hamper  every  step  of  their  earthly 
pilgrimage—often 
in  the  most  literal, 
foot-crippling  sense  of  the  word.

for 

The  Chinese  are  not  the  worst  sinners 
in  that  respect.  Custom  compels  their 
women  to  turn  their  feet  into  hoofs,  but 
the  metamorphosis 
is  accomplished  in 
early  infancy;  the  bunch  of  toes become 
callous  and  fit  snugly  into  the  padded 
box  that  answers  the  purpose  of  a  shoe. 
Our  devotees  of  fashion  prolong  the 
crippling  process 
years.  Most 
"stylish ”   shoes  are  too  tight  in  propor­
length.  A  man  wearing 
tion  to  their 
thumb-screws 
instead  of  gloves  could 
hardly  suffer  more  than  a  lady  with  a 
new  pair  of  gaiters.  High  heels  strain 
the  sinews  of  the  instep,  the  cramped 
are  distorted,  swell  and  ache; 
toes 
every  step 
is  torture.  Corns  form  and 
defy  every  remedy  except  the  removal 
of  the  cause.  But  the  evil  does  not  end 
there.  Discomfort  reacts  on  the  habits 
of  the  martyr.

"H ow   do  you  account  for  it  that  your 
doctrine  makes  so few female converts?”
I  once  asked  a  movement  cure  doctor. 
"A re  they  too  fond  of  indoor  life?”  

"N o,  it  is  not  that,"  he said. 

“ Most 
of  them  would  enjoy  promenades  and 
the  sight  of  other  promenaders  more 
than  we  do  the  beauties  of  nature,  but 
the  trouble  is  that  they  are  handicapped 
by  fashion;  their  shoes  are  implements 
of  torture;  one  might  as  well  ask  a  man 
to  walk  on  hot  coals  and  wonder  why  he 
prefered  indoor  fun.”

Dio  Lewis  arranged  all  sorts  of  out­
door  attractions  near  his  model  sanitar­
ium,  prospect  points,  echo  rocks,  camps 
near  springs  and  shade  trees,  berry  pic­
nics  and  what  not,  but  found  that  he 
could  get  more  female  excursionists  in 
winter  than 
in  summer.  He  tried  to 
explain  it  this  way  and  that,  but  one  of 
bis  girl  boarders  at 
last  divulged  the 
actual  reason:  They  could  wear  "a rc ­
tics”   in  cold  weather  and  compromise 
with  fashion  by  letting  passersby 
infer 
an  understratum  of  the conventional  toe- 
pinchers ;  it  would  be  so  unstylish  to 
wear  wide  shoes  in  summer.

One  of  his  assistants,  a  graduate  of  a 
Montreal  medical  college,  suggested  a 
characteristically  French  solution  of  the 
problem.  After  a  few  interviews  with 
an 
intelligent  cobbler  he  proved  by 
actual  experiments  that  common-sense 
shoes,  fully  two  inches  broader  than  the 
wearer’s  foot,  could  be  made  tight  look- 
ing  by 
garnishments  of  the  upper 
leather.  A  super-addition,  fastened  by 
means  of  leather,glue  or hidden  strings, 
tapers  off  in 
imitation  of  the  usual 
needle  point,  while  the  actual  shoe  is 
mistaken  for  an  ornamental enlargement 
of  the  sole.—Felix  L.  Oswald 
in  Chi­
cago  Record-Herald.

Good  sense  and  good  nature  are  never 
separated,  although  the  ignorant  world 
has  thought  otherwise.  Good  nature, 
by  which  I  mean  beneficence  and  can­
dor,  is  the  product  of  right  reason.— 
Dryden.

home,  and  even  to  women,  who | humanit' 

village
are  naturally 
pet  beautiful  little  animals.

inclined 

to  admire  and

The  great  speculative  boom  in  Bel­
gian  hares—which  was  about  ten  years 
ago  and  started  near  Los  Angeles,  Cal­
ifornia,  and  so  assiduously  pushed  as  to 
raise  prices  for  hreeding  stock  beyond
all  reasonable  lim its—has run its course;
the  fever  of  that  craze  has  well  nigh 
subsided,  and  now  that  bare  industry, 
under  present  conditions  in  ail  sorts of 
trades  and  occupations,  is  likely  to  fall 
into  the  common  run  of the  survival  of 
the  fittest, in  the  bands  of  those  with  the 
best  talent  and  skill  and  the  most  eco­
nomical  aggregations  of capital 
invest­
ments  in  that  line  of  business.  From  its 
nature  and  the  special  care  requisite  to 
secure  the  best  returns,  it  seems  not  to 
present  much  attraction  to small capital. 
It,  however,  has  enticements  for persons 
suitably  situated  for carrying  it  on,  not 
only  singly  but  in  partnerships  or  com-

All  can not  grow  marvelously 
rich  at  once ;  but  neither can  all  multi­
millionaires  propagate  their kind  with­
out 
some  beneficial  effect  upon  the 
masses  of  the  multi-millions  who  are 
not  and  never  will  be  millionaires.  The 
is  smaller  than 
Belgian  hare 
most  other  kinds,  perhaps,  but 
it  has 
its  modest  place  with 
them  and  will 
continue  to  be  attractive  to  many  be­
cause  of  the  moderate  amount  of 
labor 
attending  it  and  the  sure,  although  per­
haps  very  moderate,  returns 
it  makes 
financially  to  those  engaged  therein.

industry 

Albert  Baxter.

C ustom   a   W orse  T yran t  T h an   P o v e rty .
In  the  tragedy  of  human  martyrdom 
the  despotism  of  hearsay  plays  a  more 
important  part  than  famine,  pestilence 
and  all  the  hostile  powers  of  nature 
taken  together.  Deference  to  absurdi­
ties  of  public  opinion  causes  millions 
It
to  starve 

in  the  midst  of  plenty. 

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

6 3

Every  Cake

. • g S ß f c .

O. & 
0 )3  
s

wuhout 
our 

.  __ 
_  Facsimile Signature 
^  
V

COMPRESSED 
% YEAST

. ■ i */¿ r )   ^
“

Q U H   L A B E L

of  F L E IS C H M A N N   &   CO.’S
YELLOW 
LABEL  COMPRESSED
y e a st you sell  not only increases 
your profits,  but  also  gives  com­
plete  satisfaction to your patrons.

[ 

Fleischmann  &  Co.,

I   Detroit Office, in  W.  Larned St.
|  

Grand  Rapids Office, 29 Crescent  A ve.

Show
Cases
and
Special
Fixtures
All kinds made toorder just as you want them at prices to suit your pocket.  All 
goods and workmanship guaranteed.  For specifications, prices, etc., write to
Standard Show Case Co., Kalamazoo,  Mich.

M orris  Kent  &  Co.,
Grain, Seeds,  Beans,  Potatoes,  Hay  and 

Wholesale  Dealers  in

General  Produce

ELEV A T O R S

at  Kalamazoo,  Mich.;  Mattawan,  Mich.;  Mendon,  Mich.;  Tustin, 
Mich.;  Scotts, Mich.;  Kendall,  Mich.;  La Grange,  Indiana.

Carload  Lots  a  Specialty

Correspondence solicited. 

Long distance phone.

MALT  j

D E L I C I O U S

K ^ ^ N i r r m T i o u s

Scientifically  Malted 

Predigested 

Invigorates  Body  and 

Brain

It is the most  delightful, 
delicious, nutritious  and 
economical  food  made.
It  is rapidly  growing  in 
popular favor.

READYv B

5

^

FOR USE

NEED-5 "0  C00*ia6 

manufactured

l*N3i*6 DURE FOCDCaiT® V I »

LA MS'NO MICH.

==OLA

Purifies the  Blood 

Strengthens  the  Nerves 

Good  for 

Old  and  Young

All  up-to-date  grocers 
handle it.

If YOU  DON’T   then 
write  for free package. 

A postal  will do-
,  Lansing,  Mich.

KALAMAZOO,  MICHIGAN
hi

1 

LANSING  PURE

FOOD  CO.,  LTD.

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M

Peerless  Steel  Sled

Patented  March  5,  1895.  Other  P aten ts  Pending.

Do not buy a pair of bobs to go under your express wagon body, platform or depot wagon, surrey, piano body or for any  other  purpose  until  you  have  seen 
the  Peerless Steel  Sled.  Please bear in  mind they are not a coarse, cheap, cast-iron affair, neither is it a hub runner attachment, but  a  pair  of  bobs,  fitted 
with the Peerless Steel  Shifting  Bar, to which can be attached buggy shafts and easily adjusted to side or center draft.  The  Peerless  Steel  Sleds  are  light, 
strong and durable;  the workmanship  is first-class, and the material  is the best to be found, the several  parts being placed edgewise so as to resist the  great­
est strain.  The runners are of two pieces placed edgewise with space between through which pass the bolts that secure the shoe in  place.  They  are  there­
fore easily reshod.  They are low priced only on account of their peculiar construction. 
It is practically impossible to  break  them.  Remember  they  are 
not put together with cast iron  pipe fittings which are sure to break, but every part is such as to obtain the greatest amount of strength for the material  used. 
These Sleds are designed to go under a box taken  from a wheeled vehicle, by attaching by means of a bolster on the rear bob,  and  by  attaching  the  circle 
on the front bob to the front bolster from the wagon.  Shipped without shafts or tongue and without reach or couplings.

6 4

TW EN TY   Y E A R S  AGO.

H ow   M erch an dise  W as  H an d led   in   A n ­

trim   C ounty.

In  looking  over  the  material  at  hand 
for the  construction  of  an  article  for  the 
i.oooth  edition  of  this  paper,  I  can  not 
help  being  impressed  with  the  wonder­
ful  changes  that  have  taken  place  in 
business  methods  in  Central  Lake  since 
the  Tradesman  issued  its  first  number. 
And  what  is  true  of ¿his  village  is  also 
true  of  most  towns  in  the  northern  part 
of  the  Lower  Peninsula  of  Michigan.  It 
has  been  said  that  all  men  are  alike, 
which  statement  is  erroneous. 
It  might 
also  be  said  that  all  stores  are  alike, 
but  that  would  not  make  it  so.  The 
prime  motive  in  starting  a  merchandise 
business  is  the  making  of  a  living  and 
a 
little  more  for  its  proprietor.  The 
mere  distribution  of  goods  of  the  vari­
ous  kinds  that  the  storekeeper  thinks 
best  to  handle  is  a  problem  which  every 
man  works  out  in  his  own  way,  accord­
ing  to  the  times,  the  locality  and  the 
needs  of  the  community  as  interpreted 
by  the  merchant,  and  with  due  allow­
ance  for  his  limitations  of  purse,  capac­
ity  and  opportunity.

And  so,  while  any  particular  state­
ment  herein  may  not  be  applicable  to 
every  store,  nor  to  every  man  who  was 
in  business  in  this  part  of  the  State  two 
decades  ago,  still  I  believe  that  many  of 
the  old 
fellows  in  trade  will  recognize 
here  and  there  a  landmark  of  the  glori­
ous  past,  when  “ times  was  good,"  and 
before  the  devastating  axe  of  the  lum 
berman  had  destroyed  the  noble  forests 
of  our  beautiful  land.

One  of  the  most  unsatisfactory  arti­
cles  that  a  grocer  ever  handled  is  kero­
sene  oil.  That  used  to  come  to  us  in 
blue  barrels,  and  the  paint  with  which 
they  were  coated  rubbed  off  on  our 
brown  duck  overalls  and  smeared  up 
everything  that  came  in  contact  with  it. 
After  a  while,  however,  the  Standard 
Oil  Company  improved  its  methods and 
sent  us  barrels  that  were  colored a lovely 
brown,  but  by  this  time  we  bad  worn 
out  our  old  overalls  and  as  the  new  ones 
were  made  of  blue  denim,  the  work  of 
smearing  up  our  clothing  went  mer­
rily  on.

Merchants  vied  with  each  other  in 
seeing  which  could  sell  oil  the  cheap­
est. 
It  went  from  40  to  35  cents  a  gal­
lon  and  after  a  while  it  dropped  to  30. 
it  got  down  to  a  quarter,  and  1 
Then 
remember  well  enough  that  when  it  hit 
the  18  cent  mark  we  all  thought that was 
bottom  for  the  great  illuminant.

What  I  started  to  say  was  that  few 
stores  were  possessed  of  metal  tanks  in 
the  early  days,  and  the  oil  barrel  was 
stood  on  end  and  tapped.  If it happened 
to  be  a  sound  package,  well  and  good; 
but 
if  the  reverse,  which  was  the  usual 
thing,  as  much  oil  often  leaked  away  as 
was  measured  out  to customers.  Dexter 
&  Noble  used  to  dump  their  surplus 
stock  of  oil 
into  the  river  in  front  of 
their  store  at  Elk  Rapids  and  fish  it  out 
a  barrel  or  two  at  a  time  as  they  hap­
pened  to  need  it.  Others  piled  it  in  a 
heap  on  the  ground  and  covered  it  with 
wet  sawdust,while  still  others  left  it  out 
where  sun  and  wind  could  do  their  very 
worst. 
It  was  no  infrequent  occurrence 
for  a  merchant  to  find  that  a  barrel  had 
leaked  so  much  that  the  profit  on  the 
lot  bad  all  escaped  before  the  package 
was opened,  and  yet  our  friends  used  to 
tell  us  that  we  ought  to  sell  kerosene 
right  down  cheap  so  as  to  draw  trade. 
Well,  I  guess  we  did.

For  years  and  years  we  hauled  kero­
sene  over  the  worst  roads  in  Michigan, 
sometimes  twenty-five  miles  and  seldom

in  the  spring  as  the  boats  be­
as  soon 
gan  to  run,  Central  Lakers  all  went 
back  to  kerosene  lamps.  And  whatever 
of  the  molds  and  holders  were  left  from 
immediately  be- 
the  winter’s  business 
| came  dead  stock—a  total 
loss  to  the 
merchant  who  had  them. 
In  this  way 
is  genius  and  enterprise often rewarded. 
It  is  the  old,  old  story.

Anyone  here  who  is  willing  to pay  for 
it  can  press  a  button  and  Wallbrecht’s 
electric  light  plant  gives  him  all  the  il­
lumination  he  can  ask 
I  think 
some  of  the  old  fellows  who  passed 
away  years  ago  would  be  shocked  at  the 
“ doin’s  an'  the  goin’s  on”   of  the  pres­
ent  generation.

for. 

Computing  scales,  cash  registers,  tele­
phones,  plate  glass  windows,  typewrit­
ers,  mimeographs  and  other duplicating 
devices,  besides  the  thousand  and  one 
conveniences  we  have  in  the  w a y   of  fix - 
tures  of  one  kind  and  another  that  are 
now  so  common 
it  is  hard  to  tell  just

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

le^  than  eight  or  nine,  and  took  our 
sunstrokes  or  our  frost  bites  stoically, 
according  to  the  season,  and  did  not 
think  so  very  much  about  it.

Now  Mr.  Rockefeller  drives  right  to 
our  back  door  with  a  nice  red  wagon 
full  of  kerosene,  carries  the  fluid  into 
the  store  and  pours 
it  into our  tank. 
And 
for  this  service,  oil  and  all,  he 
charges  much  less  than  he  formerly  did 
for  the  goods  alone.  And  he  furnishes 
us  a  more  uniform  and  a  much  better 
article,  too.

One  winter,  long,  long  ago,  even  be­
fore  the  Tradesman  saw  light,  the  lakes 
froze  up  very  early,  and  as  Hannah  &  I 
Lay  and  Dexter  &  Noble  were  short  of 
oil,  and 
it  was  out  of  the  question  to 
haul  such  heavy  freight  from  Big  Rap­
ids,  the  local  merchant  here  invested  in 
candle  molds  and  holders. 
It  was  not 
long  before  the  inhabitants  revelled  in 
an  abundance  of  light,  but  so  strong  is | 
the  force  of  habit  with  some  people  that j

what  they  are,  have  replaced  the  old 
even  balance  scale,  the  steelyard  and 
the  spring  balance,  the  wooden  cash 
drawer  under  the  counter,  the  little  5x7 
panes  of  glass  in  the  front  of  the  store, 
and  the  old  wearying  grind  of  writ­
ing  out  by  hand  a  few  hundred  letters 
announcing  to  our  customers  that  we 
have 
just  received  the  largest  stock  of 
fall  and  winter  goods  that  ever came 
into  Northern  Michigan. 
It  would  not 
be  fair  to  say  that  these  nickel  plated 
inventions  have  completely  superseded 
the  ancient  and  very  useful art  of  lying, 
but  if  an  honest  dealer  wishes  to  dilate 
upon  the  merits  of  his  goods  nowadays, 
he  simply  writes  out  what  be  pleases 
and  sends  his  copy  to  the 
local  paper. 
After  that  he 
is  scruple  free  and  will 
not  be  annoyed  by  penning  and  re-pen- 
ning  the  erring  words  a  multitude  of 
times.  The  printer  does  that,  and  bis 
charges  are  such that  any little abrasions 
of  conscience  which  he  may  chance  to

of  remittances.  Now,  of  course,  we  go 
to  a  bank,  leave  our  money,  if  we  have 
any,  and  then  check against  the deposit. 
In  those  days  we  could  not do  that. 
In­
stead,  we  either  had  to  carry  our  money 
personally  to  the  dealer  we  wished  to 
pay it  to  or send  it  to  him  by  registered 
mail.  We  were  always  a  little  afraid 
that our letters  would  get  lost,  although 
they  never  did.  Still  we  were  always 
in  a  stew  about  our  remittances  until 
we  had  the  “ return  receipt  card"  from 
the  postmaster  at  the  other end  of  the 
line.

Now  it  is  harder to  keep  from  buying 
too  many  goods  than 
it  used  to  be  to 
get  what  one  really  needed.  The drum­
mer  made  his  appearance  in  great  num­
bers  about  the  time  the  railroad  was 
built  through  here  and  he  waxes  fatter 
and  more  and  more  abundant  as  time 
goes  on.  He  always  tells  us  that  busi­
ness 
is  good  and  has  such  hopeful, 
cheery  ways  and  meets  adversity  with 
such  a  valiant  front,  that  I  can  not  help 
thinking  he  has  been  one  of  the  prin­
cipal  agents  in  making  Northern  Mich- 
gan  what  it  now  is  in  a  commercial 
way.

its  own  clothes. 

Twenty  years  ago  every  family  here­
It  was 
abouts  made 
permissible  for  the  head  of  the  family 
to  have  one  store  suit,  which  he  kept 
carefully  fi Ided  way  during  the  greater 
part  of  the  year,  to  be  produced  only  on 
occasions  of  National  importance.  At 
these  times  it  was  worn,  creases and  all, 
and  its  wrinkled  appearance  and  usual 
brevity  helped  to 
lend  mirth  to  what 
might  otherwise  have  been  very  serious 
affairs.

We  had  some  ready-made  overalls  in 
stock,  and  I  think  a  few  flannel  shirts 
as  well,  but  otherwise  our  trade  was  all 
on  piece  goods.  Cottonade,  Kentucky 
jeans,  brown  duck  and  blue  denim  were 
the  staple  goods  for  men’s  wear.  They 
were  cut  off  in  suitable 
lengths  and 
taken  home  to  be  manufactured.  Most 
people  made  their  underwear,  too,  and 
it  seems  to  me  there  was  very,  very 
little  to  be  had  in  children's  garments. 
Such  a  thing  as  a  woman's  ready-made 
calico  wrapper  was  never  dreamed  of. 
Why  should 
it  be?  Ma  and  grandma 
bad  always  made  their own  and  what 
was  all  right  for  them  was  certainly 
good  enough  for  us.  Now  this  is  all 
changed  and  present  conditions  are  so 
well  known  that  it  is  useless  for  me  to 
attempt  to  recount  them.

It  seems  to  me  now  that  no  farmer  in 
the  old  days  was  truly  or  permanently 
happy  save 
in  the  possession  of  a  pair 
of  Bradley  &  Metcalf’s  Milwaukee- 
made  long-legged  boots.  This  came  to 
impressed  upon  my  memory 
be  firmly 
for the  simple  reason  that  early 
in  our 
bnsiness  career  we  did  not  know  why 
this  boot  was  better than  any  other.  We 
do  not  know  to  this  day,  but  we  found 
that 
in  order  to keep  up  with  the  pro­
cession  we  had  to  have  it  in stock.  Now 
there  are  comparatively  few  long  boots 
sold  here  and  I  do  not  remember to have 
bad  the  particular  make  above  referred 
to  called  for  in  fifteen  years.

But  if  the  farmer  must  have  his  spe­
cial  kind  of  footgear,  so  also  should  his 
wife  and  his  daughter  be  entitled  to 
consideration 
in  the  same  line.  The 
ladies  in  the  early  days  bought  calfskin 
boots,  good 
solid  ones,  for  everyday 
wear;  but  when 
it  came  to  fine  shoes 
nothing  seemed  to  fill  the  bill  quite  as 
well  as  the  old-fashioned prunella shoes, 
colloquially  know  as 
“ penells."  A 
few  ladies  still  wear  this  style  of  shoe 
on  account  of 
its  flexibility  and  the 
comfort  it  affords  in  hot  weather,  but  as

undergo  in  getting  out  the 
suffered  without  a  murmur.

job  are 

If  we  needed  goods  in  a  hurry  twenty 
years  ago  we  had  to  drive  to  Elk  Rap­
ids  or  Traverse  City  to  get  them.  The 
chances  were  that  we  could  find  just 
about  what  we  wanted  at  either of  these 
places,  but  if  they  happened  to  be 
‘  out,”   which  was  sometimes  the  case, 
we  were  confronted  by  a  somewhat  seri­
ous  problem. 
It  was  a  question  whether 
to  wait  a  day  to  see  if  the  expected 
boat  came 
in  or  to  drive  back  home 
with  what  we could  get  and  come  again 
when  there  was  more  certainty  that  the 
required  goods  could  be  obtained.

Still  we  always  managed  to  keep 
about  everything  on  hand  that  we  made 
any  pretense  of  handling  and  we  sold 
more  or  less  of  pretty  much  every  line 
of  merchandise  a  country  dealer could 
dispose  of  at  that  time.  After  we  had 
the  goods  and  bad  obtained  the  money 
for  them  there  was  always  the question

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

6 5

Yes, This 
Is Good 
Value

The  Toledo  Coffee  &   Spice 
Co.—be  sure  you  get  the  name

M E M

a

»

1 »

«

m

Cbc Good Food

Cera nut Flakes

Is not  recommended  to  c u r e  consumption,  rheumatism,  toothache, 
etc., but the people who use it  soon  recover  from  all  their  ailments. 
Made from nuts and wheat—Nature’s true food.

Rational Pure Food €©., Ctd.*

Grand  Rapids,  Iflicb.

A Business Hint

A suggested  need  often  repeated  creates the 
want that sends the purchaser to the store.
Every  dealer  should  have  his  share  of the 
profit that  reverts  from  the enormous amount 
of  money  expended  by  the  National  Biscuit 
Company in keeping their  products  constantly 
before the eyes of the public.
These  goods  become  the  actual  needs that 
send a steady stream  of  trade to the stores ¿at 
sell them.
People  have  become  educated  to  buying 
biscuit and crackers in the In-er-seal Package— 
and  one success  has  followed  the  other  from 
the famous  Uneeda Biscuit to the latest widely 
advertised specialty.
Each new product  as it is announced  to the 
public serves  as  a  stimulant  to  business  and 
acts as a drawing card  that  brings more custo­
mers to the store than any plan you could devise.
A well stocked line of National Biscuit goods 
is a business policy that it is not well to overlook.

JA M ©

Coffee,  the  world’s  best,  is  blended  and  dry  roasted 
by  experts.  Contains  the  finest  aroma  and  richest 
flavor of any  coffee  in  this  market.  Sold  in  pound 
packages.

Telfer Coffee Co.

Detroit, Mich.

6 6

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

a  pattern  for  elegance  prunella  footwear 
has  given  way  to  the  products  of  a num­
ber of  shoemakers  who  were  not  known 
by  name  when  Central  Lake  made  its 
debut  as  a  commercial  center.

in 

In  the  early  days  here  the  grain  bag 
was  one  of  the  prime  necessities  of  the 
It  was 
inhabitants  of  this  region. 
bandy  to  “ back"  home  groceries in. 
It 
was  used 
lieu  of  a  mackintosh  in 
rainy  weather,  being  worn over  the  head 
in  such  a  way  as  to  shelter  the  wearer’s 
back 
It  also  made  the 
most  durable  of  towels  and  pantaloon8 
and  it  was  better  than  almost  anything 
else 
in  place  of  a  saddle.  The  grain 
bag,as  an  article  of  wearing apparel,has 
fallen 
into  disrepute,  and  with  its  de­
cadence  have  come  many  other  changes 
equally  remarkable.

from  the  storm. 

Among  those 

little  things  that  help 
to  make  life  in  business  endurable  and 
cause 
it  to  pass  along  “ like  a  glad, 
sweet  song"  is  that  feeling  of  good-will 
and  friendliness that now  exists  between 
competing  merchants  in  this village.  At 
one  time  the  grocer  who  got  out  of 
prunes  stayed  out  until  he  could  get  in 
a  shipment  from  abroad,  but  now  he 
hustles  over  to  his  competitor  and  bor­
rows  or  buys  a  few. 
If  Cameron  gets 
is 
out  of  light  brown  sugar,  if  Sissons 
is  shy 
short  of  mustard,  if  McFarlan 
of  eggs,  if  Thurston  lacks  somewhat 
in 
filling  an  order  for codfish  or  if  Mathers 
suddenly  hits  the  bottom  of  bis  cracker 
barrel,  business  does  not  stop 
in  the 
least  on  this  account—neither  do  we 
pull  long  faces  and  explain  that  we  are 
“ out.”   A  thousand  times  no.  We 
say,  “ In  just  a  minute,"  and  then  hus­
tle  out  of  the  back  door  as  if  we  were 
going  into  the  warehouse  for  the  goods, 
and  presently  we  return with the coveted 
article  and  the  country  is  safe.  This 
works  nicely,  as  a  rule,  but  on  a  recent 
morning,  when  we  all  started  out at  the 
same  time  to  borrow  eggs  from  each 
other  and  met  on  the  principal  corner 
of  the  village,  it  was  rather  hard  for 
common,  everyday  cit'zens  to  get  past 
us  while  we  were  engaged  in  making 
necessary  explanations.

Interchanges  of  courtesy 

In  the  end  it  is  the  little  things  that 
count. 
in 
business  make  it  pleasanter  for  those  in 
the  grind  and  teach  man  to  better know 
and  respect  his  competitor.  The  slight 
cost  of these  little  commercial amenities 
we  get  back  with  usury  and  they  enable 
us  to  maintain  a  footing  of  friendliness 
with  a  highly  respectable  portion  of  the 
community—a 
of  affairs 
which,  considered  from  the  standpoint 
of the  country  merchant  of  twenty  years 
ago,  would  be  set  down  as 
little  short 
of  absurd. 

Geo.  L.  Thurston.

condition 

S lip s   o f   t h e   T o n g u e .

In  making  the  announcements  to  bis 
congregation 
recently,  an  Episcopal 
minister,  whose  parish  is  not  more  than 
a  thousand  miles  from  Grand  Rapids, 
said :

“ Remember  our  communion  service 
next  Sunday.  The  Lord  is  with  us  in 
in  the 
the  forenoon  and  the  bishop 
evening.”

its  origin 

Here  is  another  lapsus  linguae,  which 
had 
in  a  Sunday  school  out 
in  the  missions.  The  superintendent 
was  making  a  fervid  prayer  a  few  Sun­
days  ago,  and  asked  divine  blessing 
upon  each  and  every  enterprise in which 
the  school  was 
interested.  He  closed 
bis  petition  to  the  throne  of  grace  in 
the  following  words:

“ And  now,  O  Lord,  bless  the  lambs 
of  the  fold  and  make  them  ‘ meet  for the 
kingdom  of  heaven.’  Am en."

The  man  who  is  bugged  by  one  thug 
while  the  other  takes  bis  watch  finds 
himself  pressed  for  time.

,   D R Y   G O O D S.

W e e k ly   M a rk e t  R e v ie w   o f  th e  P rin c ip a l 

Stap les.

Staple  Cottons—There  has  been  no 
evident  change 
in  the  general  demand 
of  staple  cottons  for  the  week  past. 
Buyers  have been  looking  out  for  their 
present  needs  only  and  the  weak  con­
dition  of  the  market  for  raw  cotton 
strengthens  them  in  the  belief of  future 
lower  prices.  Neither  bleached  mus­
lins  nor  bleached  cambrics  shew  any 
change  since  our  last report.  The former 
are  held  steady,  the 
latter  quite  firm, 
but  the  amount  of  business  in  progress 
can  only  be  designated  as  moderate. 
There  have  been  fair  sales  of  wide 
sheetings,  also  in  made-up  sheets  and 
piilow  cases,  at  firm  prices. 
In  brown 
sheetings  and  drills,  both  heavy  and 
lightweights,  there  has  been  a  fair  home 
trading,  but  the  exporters  continue  to 
show  an 
indifferent  attitude.  Prices, 
however,  have  not  been  altered.  Coarse 
colored  cottons  are  for  the  most  part 
well  sold  and  the  current  demand  is 
enough  to  keep  the  market  well  cleaned 
up  and  prices  firm.

Linings—In  the  cotton  linings  divi­
sion  the  business  for  the  past  week  has 
reached  a  very  good  aggregate  and  or­
ders  for  forward  delivery  have  been 
more 
in  evidence  than  for  immediate 
requirements.  With  the  latter  purchases 
have  been  almost  invariably  confined  to 
small 
lots,  but  for  the  next  spring  de­
livery  there  have  been  some  excellent 
operations  reported. 
In  regard  to  the 
request  for  kid  finished  cambrics,  there 
is  but  little  change  from  our last  report. 
Business  conditions  remain  quiet  on  the 
same  basis  as  heretofore.  Silesias  show 
a  steady  condition  in  all  grades  and  the 
demand  has  been  quite  fair,  well  up  to 
the  average.  The-medium  and  lower 
grades  continue  to  show  the  best  busi­
ness  and  finer grades  are  rather  quiet. 
Percalines  have  received  a  fair  amount 
of  ordering,  principally 
in  the  higher 
finishes.  Other  highly  finished  goods, 
mercerized  and  similar  styles,  are  firm 
in  price.  The  demand  for  spring  de­
livery  has  been  good  for  both  plain  and 
fancy  colors,  and  for  quick  delivery 
there  has  been  a  steady  call,  although 
the  individual  quantities  are small.  The 
clothing  trade  has  bought  fairly  well  for 
immediate  and  future  delivery,  partic­
ularly  of  twills,  Alberts, 
Italians  and 
lines,  as  well  as  cotton  warp 
similar 
goods.  Domestic 
lines  of  these  fab­
rics  are  well  sold  up  and  imported  lines 
are  in  fair  shape.

Underwear—Many  of  the 

lines  of 
heavyweight  underwear  are  now  on  the 
market  and  there  are  comparatively  few 
that  have  not  yet  been  shown,  but  these 
will  be  out  very  soon  and  the  first  of 
December  will  not  only  see  everything 
presented  to  the  trade,  but  in  all  prob­
ability  a  large  number  of orders  will  be 
booked  as  well.  The  conditions  in  the 
underwear  market  for  the  present  sea­
son  have  been  of  such  a  nature  as  to  in­
duce  the  buyers to place their orders with 
more  spirit  than  usual.  They  fear  re­
peating  in  an  even  more  marked  degree 
the  shortage  and  late  deliveries  of  this 
season.  The  average  retail  buyer  has 
not  yet seen  the  goods,although  many  of 
those  who  buy  direct  from  the  mills will 
view  them  very  soon.  The  salesmen 
who  are  on  the  road  with  their new sam­
ples  met  with  many  different  experi­
ences,  probably  not  all  unexpected.  The 
majority  of  the  larger  buyers  are  w ill­
ing  to  place  orders  with  considerable 
liberality,  but  the  smaller  buyers  are 
showing  a  tendency  to  hold  off.

Hosiery—The  hosiery  agent 

is  at

present  passing  through  an  exceedingly 
dull  period.  Deliveries  of  goods  under 
order  are  much  behind.  The  buyers  are 
constantly  pushing  the  agents  for  their 
goods.  Both  the  sellers  and  retailers 
are  feeling  this  condition,  but  can  not 
see  any  relief  for  it,  and  the  agents  do 
not  offer  very  much  consolation.  The 
buyers  claim  that  unless  they  can get 
the  goods  very  soon,  it  will  mean  a  se­
rious  loss  to  them,but  still  there  are  few 
cancellations  on  this  account.  From  the 
agent's  point  of  view  the  fancy  end  of 
the  business  is  a  very  satisfactory  one 
and  good  orders  have  been received ever 
since 
the  spring  season  opened  and 
there  is  a  growing  percentage  for  plain 
sample  goods,  which  is  using  up  rapid­
ly  anv  surplus  that  is  on  hand.  As  a 
matter  of  fact,  the  stocks of  both  plain 
and  fancy  hosiery  are  in  excellent  con­
dition  and  some  business  has  been  ac­
complished  by  the  manufacturers  for 
next  fall,  but  the  amount  is  small  and 
only  a  proportion of the samples  are  out. 
Fleeced  hosiery  is  in  a  very  strong  po­
sition.  There  are  no  stocks  on  hand, 
but  enquiries  are  being  received  for 
them  every  day  which  can  not  be  filled. 
As  a  matter  of  fact  the  manufacturers 
did  not  expect  or  prepare  for  the 
amount  of  fleeced  hosiery  business  that 
materialized.

factors 

large  Eastern 

Carpets—The  usual surplus  stocks  are 
consdicuous  by 
their  absence  and  the 
season  starts  off  with  a  market  that  has 
not  been  so  thoroughly  cleaned  up  for 
years.  The 
in 
the  market  are  understood  to  be  in  no 
better  position  than  the  smaller  mem­
bers  of  the  trade,and  their  feelings  con­
cerning  higher  prices  should  be  on 
just 
as  high  a  tension  as  the  latter.  From 
all 
indications  the  new  prices  antici­
pated  will  show  an  advance  ranging 
from 
to  5c  per  yard,both three-quar­
ter  goods  as  well  as  ingrains.  While 
existing  conditions  warrant  even  higher 
prices  than  those  mentioned,  manufac­
turers  have  taken  into consideration  the 
liabilities  of  the  demand  running  on  to 
cheaper  grades  should  too  high  prices 
prevail,  or  even  a  curtailment  in  the 
demand  from  the  same  cause. 
It  can 
readily  be  seen,  that  when  such  worsted 
yarns  as  are  used  in Brussels,  tapestries 
and 
ingrains  have  received  a  30  per 
cent,  advance  over  prices  current  a  year 
ago,an  advance  of  5c  a  yard  at  the  most 
on  the  price  of  the  finished  fabric  does 
not  leave  the  maker  much  margin  of 
profit.  The  chances 
for  a  continued 
strong  yarn  market  are  good.  If  the  de­
mand  for  carpets 
is  as  great  the  pres 
ent  season  as  during  the  past,  a  small 
famine in  the  yarn  market  would  not  be 
surprising. 
It  is  said  that  spinners  of

the  belter  worsted  carpet  yarns  are  find­
ing  a  better  market  on  yarns  for  men’s 
wear  fabrics.  Manufacturers  of  three- 
quarter  carpets 
in  general  expect  that 
the  new  prices  will mean  2>£  to  5c  more 
per  yard  on  their  productions.  The  new 
samples  shown  differ  little  from  those 
displayed last  season.  The  fabrics  have 
a  tendency  to  go  more  into the  lighter 
shades,  but  not  into  the  ecrus  displayed 
some  years  ago  with  rather  disadvan­
tageous  results.  Old gelds  and  blues  and 
pinks  are 
shown  quite  extensively. 
The  greens  and  reds  of  the  darker  vari­
eties  are  by  far  exhibited  the  most  and 
are  always  considered  the  best  sellers. 
Ingrain  weavers  expect  an  advance  on 
the  best  worsted  grades  equal  to  that  on 
three  quarter  goods,  or  from 
per
large  business  for  the  coming 
cent.  A 
season 
is  expected.  The  Philadelphia 
spinners  have  received  some  big  yarn 
orders  with  large  carpet  orders  in  view. 
Western  jobbers  report  the  prospects ex­
ceedingly  bright.

Rugs—Weavers  are  very  busy  on 
received 
time  ago. 
business 
Smyrnas 
in  small  sizes  are  in  excellent 
request.  Carpet-sized  rugs  in  Wiltons, 
Brussels  and  Axminsters  are sold  up  for 
weeks  ahead.

some 

Making His Choice.

courting  her daughter?"

“ Why  did  be  marry  the  widow  after
"H e   concluded 
that  be  would  rather 
have  the  girl  as  a  stepdaughter  than  the 
widow  as  a  mother-in-law."

Holiday 
Goods

We  extend  a  very  cordial 
invitation  to  the  trade  to 
visit our  store, where will be 
found  one  of  the  prettiest 
lines of  Holiday Goods  ever 
shown in  Western Michigan. 
Complete  in  every  respect. 
Will  make liberal allowance 
for expense.

Grand  Rapids 
Stationery  Co.

29  North  Ionia  St.,

Grand  Rapids,  M ich.

f  

■’ 

V

—  

—  
The  Peerless 
Manufacturing: 

Company

Manufacturers  of  Pants,  Shirts,  Corduroy  and 

Dealers  in  Underwear,  Sweaters,  Hosiery,  Gloves, 

Mackinaw  Coats.

and  Mitts.

Sample Room 28 South  Ionia Street, Grand Rapids, Mich.
31  and 33  Larned Street East,  Detroit, Mich.

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

6 7

judges the  merchant  by his line of  neckwear—if  that’s  right 
then he’s  a  good  fellow.  We  will  help  you  “ catch”   the 
trade of the young  man.  Our  line  of  neckwear  is  good— 
good 
in  design,  quality,  shape  and  variety.  Prices  are: 
Four in  Hands,  $2.25  and  4.50  per dozen;  Band Tecks, $2.25 
and 4.50  per dozen;  Shield  Tecks  for  double  collars,  82.25 
per dozen;  Shield  Bows for  double  collars,  $1.25  and  2.25 
per dozen;  Silk  String  Ties,  82.25  per  gross;  Lawn  String 
Ties,  90c,  81.25  and  2.25  per gross;  Lawn  Bows,  40,  75,  90c, 
8125,  1.50  and  2.00  per dozen;  “ Midget”   Bows  and  “ Mid­
get”  String Ties (the  new fad),  82.00 per dozen. 
If you can­
not wait for salesman  we will be pleased  to  make  up  an  as­
sortment  for the holiday trade.  Give  us  an  idea  of  the  kind 
you want.
Grand Rapids Dry Goods €0

♦ t

Grand Rapids, IRicb.

exclusively Wholesale

m m  m m

Tenths,  Awnings,

m Christmas  Goods!

Horse  Covers,  Wagon 
Covers,  Stack  Covers; 
Cotton, 
Jute,  Hemp,
Flax and  Wool Twines; 
Manila and Sisal Ropes.

m
|
IP

33

a

1

i

m

Chas.  A.  Coye,  11  & 9 Pearl St., Grand Rapids, Michigan

Now is the time to stock up on  Xmas Goods.  We have  the  best  as­
sortment we ever carried in the following lines:

Dolls 

Rugs 
Hand  Mirrors 

Ribbons 

Brushes 

Perfumes

Lace Curtains 

Handkerchiefs 
Suspenders  Mufflers

F ar cy Cushions  Neckties 

Sterling Silver Novelties 

Xmas Novelties

Come in and inspect our line before placing your order.

p.  Steketee  &   Sops

W H O LESALE  D RY  GOODS 
GRAND  RAPID S,  MICHIGAN

t We cater to first class  trade  and  If  you  P  

J Rugs from Old Carpets \
f
|   Retailer of Fine  Rags and  Carpets, 
Absolute cleanliness Is our hobby as weU  * 
as  our  endeavor  to  make  rugs  better, 
•   as  our  endeavor  to  make  rugs  better,  g  
f   closer woven, more durable  than  others.  a
closer woven, more durable  than  others. 
We cater to first class  trade  and  If  you
write for our 16  page  Illustrated  booklet  g  
It will make  you  better  acquainted with  a  
g   our methods and new process.  We  have  P 
1  no agents.  We pay the freight.  Largest  g  
P  looms In United States. 
a
|   Petoskey  Rag  Mfg.  &  Carpet  Co.,  d
g  
P
Petoskey, Mich, i
)   455*457 Mitchell  St., 

Lim ited 

R U G S
Old Carpets

Made  From

Any  size  desired  at  small 
cost.  Price  list  and  In­
formation  as  to  amount 

of carpet required free.

Michigan  Rug  Co.

43-5 S. Madison  St.,  Battle  Creek,  Mich

6 8

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

Shoes and  Rubbers

Im p o rta n ce   o f  S u p p ly in g   Su ita b le   Shoes 

F o r   th e   C h ild re n .

is 

among 

solidity 

There  is  a  store 

in  New  York  City 
which  does  an  enormous  business  in 
selling  wearing  apparel  for  children 
only,  and  one  of  the  most  important  of 
its  lines  is  children’s  shoes.  This  con­
cern  numbers 
its  customers 
thousands  of  mothers  who  would  not 
think  of  going  elsewhere  to  supply their 
children  with  footwear.  We  believe  we 
can  state  without  hesitancy  that  this 
store  probably  sells  more  pairs  of  good 
shoes  for  children  than  any  specialty 
shoe  store 
in  the  city,  and  the  success 
which  it  has  attained  in  this  branch  can 
only  be  attributed  to the same principles 
which  are  maintained  throughout  the 
entire  establishment—namely,  the  sup­
plying  of  footwear  and  apparel  for  chil­
dren  which  shall  fit,  wear  well  and  give 
better  satisfaction  than  the  merchandise 
generally  sold.  The  theory  that  any­
thing  will  do  in  children’s  footwear,  so 
long  as 
it  is  strong  and  will  wear,  has 
been  disapproved  by this establishment. 
It  might  be  said  that  the  majority  of 
parents  want  service  when  buying  chil­
dren’s  shoes.  This  is  true,  but  service 
is  not  necessarily compatible  with  ugly, 
coarse,  mis-shaped  footwear,  the  only 
virtue  of  which 
and 
strength.  Probably  one-half  the  ills  to 
which  the  human  foot  is  heir have  come 
from  careless  fitting  of  shoes  on  chil­
dren.  The  boy  or  girl  is  trotted  into  a 
store  by 
its  mother  or  father,  and  the 
first  pair  of  shoes  handy  is  put on by the 
saleman.who  is  anxious  to  make  a  sale, 
and  so  long  as  the  price  seems  attract­
ive  to  the  “ power  behind  the  purse’ ’ 
nothing  else  is  considered.  The  young­
ster,  not  having  discretion  enough  to 
know  whether  the  shoe  fits  properly  or 
not,  and  having  become  schooled  in  the 
belief  that  a  new  shoe  must  necessarily 
be  tight  and  uncomfortable  until  it  is 
broken 
in,  says  nothing;  or  if  he  does 
raise  some  objection  about  the  shoe  be­
ing  too  tight  or  uncomfortable  he  is 
airily  waived  one  side,  and  the  matter 
is  settled  between  the  parent  and  the 
salesman,  who  are  both  anxious  to  close 
the  transaction  as  quickly  as  possible.
If  a  shoe  dealer  were  in  business  for 
a  week  or  a  month  any  expedient  to  get 
rid  of  goods  quickly  might  be  feasible, 
but  the  boy  of  io or  12  years  soon  be­
comes  a  young  man,  and  at  16  or  18  has 
something  to  say  about  his  footwear.  If 
be  has 
learned  to  look  upon  visits  to  a 
certain shoe store  with  horror,  by  reason 
of  the  torture  and  agony  which  he  has 
been  compelled  to  endure  every  time  a 
new  pair of  shoes  was  needed  while  he 
was  a  youngster,  it  is  hardly  possible 
that  he 
is  going  to  be  anxious  about 
purchasing  bis  shoes  at  the  same  estab­
lishment  when  he  comes  to  have a  voice 
in  the  matter.  The  foot  of  a  child  is 
more  susceptible  to  pressure  and  feels 
the  agony  of  ill-fitting  shoes  to  a  much 
greater  extent  than  that  of  an  older  per­
son.  The  corns  and  bunions  of  mature 
age  can  generally  be  traced  to  the  care­
less,  slip-shod  methods  by  which  the 
footwear  needs  of  the  child  were  at­
tended  to.

We  believe  there 

is  a  better  policy 
than  the  one  which  promotes  this  tend­
ency. 
Intelligent  fathers  and  mothers 
are  commencing  to  learn  that  it  pays 
well  to  seek  out  a  store  which  gives 
careful  attention  to  the  proper  footwear 
needs  of  children.  They  are  recom­
mending  such  stores  to  one  another  and 
telling  how  much  bettet  shoes  pur­

chased  there 
look  and  wear than  those 
which  were  formerly  picked  up  hap­
hazard.  The  children,  released  from 
torture  and  careless  fitting,  beg  and  im­
plore  that  their  shoes  come  from  this 
particular  store,  and  painstaking,  care­
ful  furtherance  of  this  idea  on  the  part 
of  the  merchant  who  sees  the  drift  of 
the  children's  footwear  business  of  his 
town  coming  toward  his  store  will  help 
to  clinch  this  business  for  himself  in  a 
manner  that  will  make 
it  impossible 
fora  competitor  to  make  inroads.  This 
policy  is  not  only  putting  the children’s 
shoe  business  at  his  own  store on  an  en­
tirely  new  plane,  but  he  is  laying  the 
foundation  of  a  future  business  of  tre­
mendous  value.  To  build  up  such  a 
children’s 
trade 
shoe  business  is  a 
It  can  not  be  brought  about 
triumph. 
by  ordinary  methods. 
The  greatest 
pains  must  be  taken  in  selecting  lines 
which  are  built  on  the  proper  propor­
tions.  The 
lasts  must  be  selected  with 
even  greater  care  than  is  given  to  the 
purchases  of  ordinary  lines of men’s and 
women's  shoes.  Fit,  leather  and  serv­
ice  must  be  the  three  cardinal  prin­
laid  down  to  the  manufacturer 
ciples 
who  shall  supply  these  goods. 
The 
cheap,  poor,  shoddy  shoe,  which  has  no 
virtue  except  the  extremely  low  price, 
must  be  relegated  to  oblivion,or  else 
kept  down  so  that  it  will  only  be  forth­
coming  when  it  is  impossible  to  sell  the 
customer  the proper  kind  and  quality.

Salesmen  must  be  educated  to  show 
people  that  one  pair  of  shoes  properly 
fitted  and  of  the  right  build  and  stock 
will  give  the  service  of  two  pairs  of  the 
cheaper  kinds,  the  combined  price  of 
which  would  more  than  exceed  the  cost 
of  a  single  pair  of  the  better grade.  We 
believe  this  to  be  an  actual  fact.

It  is  said  that  some  children  wear out 
a  pair  of  shoes  in  two  weeks,  and  all 
blame  for 
is  laid  on  the  youngster, 
who  is  supposed  to  be  unnaturally  hard 
on  his  footwear.

it 

Does  the  father  or  mother  who  com­
plains  so  bitterly  about  the  number  of 
pairs  of  shoes they  have  to  buy  for the 
youngsters  ever  look  into  the  quality  of 
the  shoe  that  is  forced  on  the  little one’ s 
foot?  Does  the  salesman 
in  the  store 
ever  try  to  show  the  poor  economy  of 
buying  a 
low-grade  shoe  which  is  pos­
sibly  one-third  paper cr  leather  substi­
tute?  Does  the  shoe  dealer ever  call  his 
clerks  together  and  point  out  to  them 
the  necessity  of  more  careful  and  con­
scientious  attention  to  the  needs  of  the 
coming  generation 
in  the  way  of  foot­
wear  and  urge  them  to  push  the  better 
grades?

Does  the  shoe  dealer  himself  take  the 
trouble  to  see  how  good  a  shoe  he  can 
buy  for  his  children's  trade,  or  does  he 
try  to  squeeze  the  price  down  from  the | 
present  figures,  already  too  low  to  give 
the  sort  of shoe  that  American  boys  and 
girls  ought  to  wear?

The  children's  shoe  business 

is  an 
important  branch  of  the  industry,  Mr. 
Retailer.  Mutual  helpfulness  between 
manufacturer  and  retailer  in  improving 
the  standard  and  quality  of  the  chil­
dren’s  shoes  now  sold  can  not  help  but 
have  its  effect  on  the  customer,  and  the 
shoe  retailer  who  is  the  first  to  take 
steps  to  bring  about  a  radical  reform  in 
the  children's  shoe  business  will  reap  a 
corresponding  reward.—Shoe  Retailer.

H a rd   P ro p o sitio n .

Brace  up,’ ’  said  the 

leader  of  the 
suffrage  club,  “ and  we  will  yet  prove 
that  we  can  wear  masculine  attire.”  
the 
“ We  can’t  brace 
pretty 
up  because  we  can’t  wear  suspenders.”

That’s  the  trouble,”   sighed 

little  blonde. 

Sbinola

The finest  Shoe  Polish made.  Gives a lasting 

shine.  Water does not affect it.

One gross  large  (io cent size),  $10.00.

5 per cent. off.

Free

With each gross,  a fine  Oriental  Rug,  36x72. 
Just what you want in your shoe  department. 

Write now.

Birfb,  Krause  $  Co.

Grand  Rapids,  Itticb*

1

The Flying Machine

would no doubt be  a  good  thing  for man, 
but as long  as he’s got to  keep  his  feet  on 
the ground  shoe  him  with  a  pair  of  our 
Hard  Pan  Shoes—wear  like  iron.  They’ll 
give  him  longer  service  than  any  other 
shoe made out of  leather.

Herold=Bertsch  Shoe  Co.

Makers of Shoes, 
Grand  Rapids,  Mich.

"S. CELEBRATED

Sweet Loma

t o b a c c o .

N EW   SCOTTBN  TOBACCO  CO. 

(Against  the  T ru s t)

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

69

Y OU  W IL L   F IN D

This cut on  all  our  cartons.  We  stand  behind  our  assertions;  if 
goods are  not  as  represented,  remember  that the  railroad  runs  both 
ways.  We  will  send the  following  shoes  on  approval  because  we 
know you can  not better them. 
“ Honesty  is  the  best  policy,”   so 
we are honest in  what we  advertise.  Three  of  our good  things made 
by us  at our Northville factory  are:

No. 236.  Men's Boarded Calf, Heavy *4 D  S., Brass  Stand, Screw, French, Bals................$1  50
No. 230.  Men's Boarded Calf, two full Sole and Slip,  Brass Stand, Screw, French, Bals....  1  60 
No. 231.  Men’s Boarded Calf, two full Sole and Slip, Brass  Stand, Screw, Tipped, Bals....  1  60

Each  pair with a guarantee tag attached

The  Rodgers  Shoe  Company,  Toledo,  Ohio

FACTORY,  NORTHVILLE,  MICH.

Rush

Your  Orders

Push  Our  Hard  Pan  Shoe  W i t h  

Your Trade

It will surprise you how 
its good  wearing and  fit­
ting  qualities  will  help 
your business.

None  genuine  without 
our  trade  mark  on  the 
sole.

Rindge,  Kalmbach,  Logie &  Co., Ltd.

Grand Rapids,  Mich.

Original Makers

in now  for  H ood  and  O l d  
Colony  R u b bers.  You 
will soon need  them and we 
can take  good  care  of  you 
now.

Either mail them  or  drop 
us a card  and  we  will  have 
our  salesman  call  on  you 
soon.

We are the  main  push on 
the above goods for this part 
of  the country.
The  L. A. Dudley Rubber Co. 

Battle  Creek, Mich.

We  would be  pleased  to have  every  shoe  merchant  in 

the State carefully inspect and compare our

ft Custom Made Shoesft

with  any  they may be handling.  The season is fast  ap­
proaching when  such a  line  as  ours  will  meet  the  de­
mands of those who are looking for a

F IR ST  CLASS  WORKING  SHOE

A postal card to us will bring the line to you.

Waldron, Alderton & Melze,
Saginaw, Michigan

Mr.  Retailer

Our  line is complete.  Salesmen will call  soon.
Wait for our Ladies’  specialties; they  retail  at

» 

»

I  $2  &  $2.50
|

Made in 
All Leathers

ft 

ft

The Lacy 
Shoe Company

Caro,  Mich.

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

7 0

Butter  and  Eggs

O b se rv a tio n «   b y   a   G o th a m   E gg-  M a n .
A  considerable  falling  off  in  the  aver 
age  quality  of  our  receipts  of  fresh 
gathered  eggs  has 
lately  been  notice 
able.  Prior  to  the  first  of  Novembei 
fresh  stock  that  would  just  pass  the  re 
quirements  of  the  rules  as  firsts  (65  pe. 
cent.  fresh)  would  hardly  pass  muster 
with  buyers  at  top  prices  and  the 
were  a  number of  lots  of  closely  graded 
Western  that  would  run  up  to  75@80  pe 
cent,  comparatively  new  eggs.  For  th 
reason  the  Egg  Committee  decided 
maintain  the  requirement  of  full  fresh 
eggs  at  65  per  cent, 
to  pass  as  firsts 
after  November  1,  although  the  printed 
egg  rules  provided  for  a  reduction  of 
the  standard  to  50  per cent, on  and  afte 
November  1.

But  the  average  quality  of  receipts 
lately  fallen  so  much  that  it  now 
has 
takes  unusually  good  stock  to  pass 
in 
spection  as  firsts  under the  present  rule 
and  we  shall  not  be  surprised  if  the  rule 
is  soon  put  back  to  a  50  per cent,  stand 
ard.

The  hardening  tendency  now  notice 
able  in  fine fresh  eggs  is  confined  pretty 
closely  to  the  very  highest  and  good 
medium  grades. 
It  will  be  remembered 
that  last  year  there  was  a  difference  of 
about  toe  per  dozen  between  the  finest 
fresh  eggs  and  the  best  tefrigerators 
in  November,  and  that  that  differ 
late 
ence  was  maintained  in  December. 
It 
must  also  be  considered that the position 
of  refrigerator  eggs  was  generally  re 
garded  as  stronger  last  year  in  Novert 
ber and  December  than  is  now  the case.
It  would  seem reasonable to expect  the 
in  prices  of  fresh 
present  difference 
and  held  goods  to  increase  as  the season 
advances,  and 
for  the  near  future,  a. 
least,  we  may  expect  this  to  be  attained 
by  an  advance  in  fresh  rather  than  by 
a  decline  in  refrigerators.

We  are  now  approaching  the  season 
of  naturally 
lightest  supplies  of  new 
eggs.  No  matter  what  the  weather 
conditions  may  be we  can  expect  only  a 
small  production  of  eggs until the spring 
crop  of  poultry  begins  to  lay;  this  does 
not  usually  give  any  material 
increase 
in  production  until  December  and  then 
only 
in  the  event  of  favorable  weather 
in  the  Southerly  and  Southwestern  sec 
tions  where  the  pullets  are  the  most  ad­
vanced  in  maturity.

is 

The  natural  upward  tendency  in  high 
grade  fresh  eggs  is  not  likely  to  be  in­
terfered  with  materially by any slaughter 
of  refrigerator  holdings  in  the  near  fu­
ture.  Although  the  refrigerator  out­
look 
is  evidently  less  favorable  than  it 
was  at  this  time  last  year  the  situation 
is  one  that  may  be  saved  by  a  cold win­
ter  and  a 
late  beginning  of  new  crop 
production;  until  the  scale  of  winter 
production 
indicated  by  December 
conditions  there  will  doubtless  be  a 
waiting  policy  on  the  part  of  the  ma­
jority  of  refrigerator holders.  Very  like­
ly 
the  offerings  will  continue  free 
enough  for  all  demands  at  about  pres­
ent  range  of  prices,  but  we  think  the 
natural  strength  of  the  position  on  new 
eggs  will  sustain  values  of  held  stock 
even  under a  comparatively  slow  reduc­
tion,  until  signs  of  increased  production 
in  the  South  and  Southwest  shake  con­
fidence.—N.  Y.  Produce  Review.

T im e ly   H in t s   o n   R a is in g :  T u r k e y s   F o r  

M a r k  a t.

A  great  many  people  have quit raising 
turkeys  because  they  did  not  find  them 
profitable,  and  the  reason  they  were  not

profitable  was  not  due  to  the turkeys  but 
the  way  in  which  they  bandied  and 
marketed  them. 
If  you  ask  a  farmer 
whether  his  turkeys  are  in  good  condi­
tion  for  market,be  almost  invariably  re­
plies, 
‘ They  ought  to  b e;  they  have 
been  running  with  the  fattening  hogs.”  
Our  experience,  however,  is  that  in  a 
case  of  this  kind  the  fattening  hogs  get 
the  corn  and  become  fat  while  the  tur­
little  of  it  and  come  to 
keys  get  very 
market 
in  only  fair  condition;  nothing 
like  what  they  should  be.  To  fatten  a 
turkey 
it  should  be  fed  shell  corn  or 
other  grain  until  accustomed  to  heavy 
feed  and  then  it  should  be  penned  for 
about  two  weeks  and  given  plenty  of 
grain,  good  water, 
lime  and  gravel. 
Never  put  a  turkey  directly  from  grass 
feed 
into  a  pen  on  grain  feed.  The 
turkeys  should  not  be  expected  to  find 
their  own  feed  nor shell  their  own  corn, 
for  while  they  will  find  enough  to  keep 
reasonably  healthy  they  will  not  get  fat. 
A  variety  of  grains  will  prove  benefi­
cial.  Western  people  do  not  realize  the 
advantage  of  fattening  turkeys. 
It  in­
creases  the  value  of  the  turkey  peri 
pound  and  also  materially  increases  the 
weight. 
It  will  pay  just  as  well  to  fat 
ten  a  turkey  as  it  will  to  fatten  a  hog, 
nd  no  farmer  thinks  of  selling  a  hog 
without  first  fattening  it.

Again  when  it  comes to marketing  the 
turkeys,  farmers  seem  to  depend  more 
pon  what  their  neighbors  are  doing 
than  on  their  own 
judgment  and  the 
advice  of  the  dealer,  and  when  one  sells 
they  all  sell,  which  makes  the  supply  of 
turkeys  come 
in  all  at  once  instead  of 
being  marketed  with  reference  to  the 
facilities  of  the  dealer  to  handle  them.
In  bringing  turkeys  to  market  the tur­
keys  should  be  tied  in  bunches  of  three 
or  four  and  this  tying  should  be  done 
about  the  feet.  Never  tie  the  wings. 
Then  these  bunches  of  turkeys  should 
be  laid  in  the  bottom  of  the  wagon  bed 
on  a  good  bed  of  straw.  This  is  the 
best  way  to  market  turkeys  and  will 
them  becoming  bruised  or 
prevent 
smothered 
If  a 
farmer  will  raise  a  good  grade  of  tur­
keys  and  fatten  them  and  market  them 
properly  there  is  good  money  in  them.

in  bringing  to  town. 

Arthur  Jordan.

S u g g e s t in g   a n   I m p r o v e m e n t .

The  fellow  with  the  wagon-load  of 
cabbages  started  to  drive  across  the 
track  when  the  big  red  street  car  was 
~bout  twenty-five  feet  away.

By  shutting  off  the  power  instantly 
nd  applying  the  brake  with  all  bis 
light  the  motorman  succeeded  in  stop­
ping  the  car  just  in time  to  avoid  a  col­
isión.

'Y e  blamed  fool!”   be  yelled  to  the 
man  in  the  wagon,  “ let  one o’  the  other 
cabbage  beads  drive!”

Hyde,  Wheeler  Company

41  North  Market Street  and  41  Clinton  Street

BOSTON

Strictly  Commission  Merchants

Consequently we are able to give consignments our 
undivided attention.  We want shipments of
POULTRY  AND  EGGS

You can not make a very big mistake if you give us a few trial  shipments.  We  will give 
you the market price and remit promptly.  Write for stencils, information  relative  to  ad­
vances  or  anything  you  wish  to  know  about  our  line.  We  do our hanking with the 
Fourth  National, Hoard of  1 rade  Bldg., Boston.  When you  write mention the Tradesman.

SH IP   YO U R

BUTTER  AND  ECOS

— TO-

R.  H IR T.  JR..  D E T R O IT ,  M IC H
and  be  sure  of getting  the  Highest  Market  Price.

Sweet  Potatoes,  Cranberries,  Oranges,

New  Nuts,  Figs  and  Dates

We are headquarters for these goods.

We want  Potatoes, Onions, Apples and  Beans.

The  Vinkemulder  Company,  Commission  Merchants

14-16  Ottawa  Street 

a  rand  Rapid»,  Michigan

Cold Storage

This is ihe  time  of  year  to  store  your Apples. 
\Why  not  put 
them  where  they are  sure to  come out as good as  when  picked? 
Save  shrinkage  and  sorting  by storing with  us.  We  also  store 
Butter,  Eggs,  Poultry and Meats.  Liberal advances on produce 
stored  with  us,  where  desired.  Rates  reasonable.  Write  for 
information.

Grand Rapids Cold Storage 

« Sanitary milk Co.
flrand Rapids, lUicbigan

Established  1865

L. O. Snedecor & Son

NEW  YORK

Egg  Receivers

HAVE  YOU  EVER? 

considered how necessary it should  be  for  your 
Interests to ship eggs to an egg house that makes 
specialty of the one line throughout  the  year? 
’’e want to double  our  business  this  year;  we 
have the  outlet,  so  will  rely  on  YOU  to  send 
s the EGGS.
Reference:  N. Y. National Exchange Bank.

hanksgiving Poultry

S h ip   T o

AMSON &  CO.,  BOSTON

Ask the Tradesman about us.

Allen  Gaa  Light  Company.  Battle Creek, Mich. 
Gentlemen—I have used your Little Giant Gas  machine for about two months  Prior  to this I 
have used two other makes of gas machines with not very  good  results.  lean  say  for  vour  ma­
chine that It gives a better light, with less breakage  and  trouble,  than  any  machine  I  have  ever 
seen.  As you know. I light two stores, fifteen lights, and  It takes  about  four  rallons  of  rasollne 
three nights.  Ithink that I have the best lighted store In the  State  of  Michigan  Trusting 
that you may have good success, I remain, 
B.  D*  vSxiGHAN.  8

Bellevue,  Mich.,  Sept.  2,  1902.

Truly yours, 

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

Phil  Hilber

Jobber  of  Oleomargarine

109  Canal  Street,  Grand  Rapids,  Michigan

I  have  State  agency  for  several  manufacturers  and  am  prepared  to 

quote  factory prices.

We  are  in  the  market  for

C L O V E R ,  A L S Y K E

BEANS,  PEAS,  POP  CORN.  ETC.

If any  to  offer  write  us.

A L F R E D   J.  B R O W N   S E E D   C O ..  G R A N D   R A P ID S ,  M IC H .

2 4   AND  2 6   N.  DIVISION  S T .,  2 0   AND  2 2   OTTAWA  ST .

EGGS  W ANTED

We want several thousand cases eggs for storage, and  when  you  have  any  to  offer 

write for prices or call us up by phone if we fail to quote you.

Butter

We can handle all you send us.

WHEELOCK  PRODUCE  CO.

106  SOUTH  DIVISION  STREET,  GRAND  RAPIDS,  MICH.

Citizens Phone 3333.

The bean market is very active.  I can handle all you can  ship  me.  Will  pay  highest  price. 

£. D. Crittenden, 9$ S. Div. St., 0 rand Rapids

Write or telephone me for prices and particulars

Beans
S E E D S

Both P hones 1300

Clover  and  Timothy—all  kinds  of  Grass  Seeds. 

M O S E L E Y   B RO S.,  G R A ND   R A PID S,  M ICH.

2 6 -2 8 -3 0 -3 2   OTTAW A  S T .

E. S.  Alpaugh  &  Co.

Commission Merchants

16 to  24  Bloomfield  St. 

17  to  23  Loew  Avenue

West Washington  Market

New  York

Specialties:  Poultry,  Eggs,  Dressed Meats and  Provisions.

If you anticipate shipping any produce to the  New York  market we  advise 

your correspondence with us before doing so;  it will  pay you.

References:  Gansevoort Bank, B. G. Dun & Co,  Bradstreet’s  Mercantile  Agency,  and 

upon request many shippers In your State who have shipped us 

for the last  quarter of a century.

Cold  Storage and  Freezing  Rooms

Established  1864

P O T A T O E S

Carlots only wanted.  Highest  market  price.  State variety and quality

H. ELMER MOSELEY & CO.

G R A N D   R A P ID S ,  M IC H .

L o n g   D istan ce  T elep h o n es—C itizen s  2 4 1 7  
B e ll  M a in   6 6

3 0 4   A   3 0 5   C la r k   B u ild in g  

O pp osite  U n ion   D ep o t

7 1

#

j  Butter

<0>

< $ 

0  

I  always 
want  it. 

|
$ 
j
• 
j  E. F. Dudley  !
$
f 

Owosso, Mich. 

<5 >

P O U L T R Y   C R A T E S

Shippers of poultry will be Interested  In  knowing  that  we  are  putting  on  the  market 
crates  made  especially  for  poultry.  They  are  made  of seasoned elm, are strong, light 
and well ventilated.  We have had nothing but words of praise  from  those  shippers who 
have used them.  Ask us to send you booklet giving full information and prices.

W I L C O X   B R O T H E R S ,

e a o i L L n e .   m i c h .

BUTTER 

EGGS 

POULTRY

We expect  to double our sales  of  poultry  this  winter.  Why? 
Because  all our old shippers  will  stick to  us  and  this  advertise­
ment  will do the rest.  We can handle your poultry  as  well  as 
any one and better than many.  We  are headquarters  for  Eggs 
and  Butter.  Give  us  a  trial.  Prompt  and  honest  returns. 
Reliable quotations.

Buffalo market compares favorably with  all others.

Rea  &  W itzig

Commission  Merchants  in  Butter,  Eggs  and  Poultry 

96  West  flarket  Street,  BUFFALO,  N.  Y.

References:  Buffalo Commercial Bank, all Express Companies and Commercial Agencies. 

Established  1873

W HO LESALE

O Y ST ER S

W E   Q U O T E   Y O U   T H IS   W E E K

Selects, per can, 
23 cents 
Anchors, per can,  20 cents 
Standards, per can,  18 cents 
Favorites, per can,  16 cents 

Selects, per gallon, 
- 
Perfection Standards, per gallon, 
Standards, per gallon,  - 
Clams, per gallon, 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

$160
1.15 
1.10
1.25

DETTENTHALER  MARKET,  Grand  Rapids,  Mich.

7 2

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

P E O P L E S
Savings  Bank

of  G ra n d   R apids,  Michigan

Assets over $2,000,000 

Pays 3 ^   per cent,  on  Deposits

OFFICERS

THOMAS  H EFFER A N ,  President 
WM.  ALDEN  SMITH,  Vice  President 
SAM U EL  M.  LEMON,  Vice  President 
CH ARLES  B.  K E L SE Y ,  Cashier 
M.  D.  H O O G ESJEG ER,  Ass’ t Cashier

T homas  H e ff e r a n  
A .  D .  R athbo ne 
W m.  A ld en  S mith 
W .  H .  A nderso n 
J ohn  M u rray 
C h as.  W .  G a r f ie ld  
J ohn  W .  B lo d gett

C h a r les  B .  K e l s e y  
W m.  H .  G ay 
D u d ley  E .  W a t er s 
C h r ist ia n   B ertsch 
E u g en e  D .  C o nger 
R eu b en   H atch 
J   B oyd  P a n tlin d

DIRECTORS

S am u el  M.  L emon

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

Commercial Travelers

Kichigin  Iniehti  of the  Grip

President,  J o h n   A.  W e s t o n ,  Lansing;  Sec­
retary,  M.  S.  B r o w n ,  Safllnaw;  Treasurer, 
J o h n  W. S c h r a m , Detroit.

many  cities  by  which  the  out-of-town 
merchant's  fare  to  and  from  the  city  is 
paid 
if  he  makes  a  purchase  of  a  cer­
tain  amount  has  depleted  the  ranks  of 
the  drummers  themselves.

Doited  Commercial  Travelers  of Michigan 

Grand  Counselor,  H.  E .  B a r t l e t t ,  Flint; 
Grand  Secretary,  A .  K e n d a l l ,  Hillsdale; 
Grand Treasurer, C. M.  E d e l m a n , Saginaw.

Grasd  Rapide  Council  So.  131,  D.  C.  T.

Senior  Counselor,  W.  S.  B u r n s ;  Secretary 

Treasurer, L. F. Baker.

G r ip sa c k   B rig a d e .

A  wise  man  does  not  need  advice, 

and  a  fool  will  not take  it.

Never  interrupt  a  buyer  who  is  open­

ing  his  mail. 

It  is  exasperating.

A  salesman  will not  be  expected  to  do 
the 
impossible,  but  will  be  asked  to 
recognize  and  do  more  possible  things, 
and  to  waste  neither time  nor energy  on 
the  impossible.

It 

is  easier  to  instruct  a  salesman  in 
what  he  should  not  do  than  in  what  he 
should  do,  yet  if  he  will  avoid  the  evils 
pointed  out  to him.be will  be  more  like­
ly  to  do  right  than  wrong.

their 

Some  salesmen  have  a  penchant  for 
“ nursing 
trade.”   The  great 
trouble  arises  from  keeping  it  too  long 
at  the  bottle.  The  bouse  can  not  afford 
to  pay  for  the  milk.  A  “ grown  up”  
trade  is  more  profitable.

Jonesvilie 

Independent: 

Percival 
Sibley,  in  the  employ  of  F.  L.  Burdick 
&  Co.,  of  Sturgis, 
last  few 
years,  severed  his  connection  with  that 
firm 
last  week  and  goes  on  the  road  for 
the  Walker  Co.,  of  Buffalo,  manufac­
turer of  boots  and  shoes.

for  the 

Notwithstanding Dun’s or Bradstreet’s 
ratings  a  customer  may  show  signs  of 
weakness  which  an  experienced  sales­
man  can  detect almost  by intuition.  He 
should  be  prompt  in  advising  his  house 
of  any  circumstance  which  might  have 
a  bearing  on  the  credit  of  a  customer. 
The 
interests  of  his  house  are  also  the 
salesman's  interests.

Big  Rapids  Herald :  Claude  Carlisle, 
the  trustworthy  and  obliging 
young 
gentleman  who  the  past  four  or  five 
years  has  been  M.  M.  Brackney's  right 
hand  man,  has  resigned  his  position  in 
this  city  to  accept  a  more  lucrative  po­
sition  as  traveling  salesman  for 
the 
Herold-Bertsch  Shoe Co.,  of Grand  Rap­
ids.  He  enters  upon  his  new  duties 
next  Monday  and  will  remain  in  the 
factory  a  week  or  more  until he becomes 
acquainted  with  the  business  methods 
of the  house  before  starting  on  the  road.
Modern  business  methods  are  crowd­
ing  out  the  vocation  of  sample  carry­
ing.  Dozens  of  men  used  to 
linger 
about  the  hotels  of  the  big  towns  and 
cities  on  the  lookout  for  the 
job  of 
carrying  drummers’  cases.  Travelers 
having  valuable  goods  are  unwilling  to 
intrust  them  to  any  man  they  may  pick 
up  on  the  street,  and 
insist  that  hotel 
managers  furnish  them  men  on  whom 
they  can  rely.  Photography  is  another 
enemy  of  the  carriers,as  photographs  in 
many 
instances  serve  fully  as  well  as 
the  goods  themselves.  Another  plan 
has  reduced  the  volume  of  baggage  still 
further  where  pottery,  chinaware  and 
fancy  glass  drummers  are  concerned. 
The  samples  in  these  lines  are  “ shells”  
or “ masks,”   simply  the  front  halves  of 
the  vessels,  and  made  so  thin  and  light 
that  a  great  many  of  them  can  be  car­
ried  in  small  space.  The  segments  of 
the  vases  and  other things  carried  rep­
resent  the  principal  part  of  the  design 
and  decoration  and  give  to  the  experi­
enced  dealer  a  perfect  idea  of  just  what 
the  goods  are.  A  system  in  vogue  in

T h e   B o y s   B e h in d   th e  C ou n ter.

Bay  Shore—Marion  Burnett,  formerly 
J.  Clarke  &  Son,  of  Harbor 
with  W. 
Springs,  has  been  engaged 
to  take 
charge  of  the  grocery  department  of  the 
Bay  Shore  Lime  Co.  W.  S.  Atwood, 
who  has  been  with  that  house  for  a 
number  of  years  as  general  clerk,  has 
been  placed 
in  charge  of  the  other  de­
partments,  with  the  exception  of  the 
meat  market,  which  is  under  the  charge 
of  Frank  Van  Schoick,  who  has  also 
been  with  the  house  for  a  number of 
years.

Port  Huron—Henry  Saety  is  now  con­
nected  with  the  wholesale  grocery  store 
of  Silas  Armstrong.

Elk  Rapids—Fred  Marriott  has  re­
signed  his  position  with  the  Butler Gro­
cery  Co.  and 
is  now  in  the  employ  of 
the  Elk  Rapids  pharmacy.

Menominee—James  Lahaie,  who 'has 
in  the  clothing  store  of  E.  A. 
clerked 
Devall 
for  the  past  five  years,  has 
taken  the  management  of  the  wholesale 
furnishing  goods  store of G.  H.  Nicholas 
&  Co.

Sturgis—J.  Peterson,  of  Webster City, 
la.,  has  taken  a  position  as  salesman 
in  the  dry  goods  department  of  F.  L. 
Burdick  &  Co. ’s  store.

Alma—Arthur  Downing,  of  Harbor 
i Springs,  has  taken  the  position  of  clerk 
at  the  drug  store  of  Sbarrar  &  Mulhol- 
land.

Port  Huron—Fred  A.  Baker,  for  sev­
eral  years  connected  with  Shields’  gro­
cery  store,  has taken  a  position  as  book­
keeper  for  R.  C.  Burton  &  Co.

Cedar  Springs—Elbert  Wagar  is  head 
clerk  in  the  grocery  store  of  Mrs.  Jennie 
A.  Davis.

Lansing—W.  G. Manning,  for the  past 
four  years  with  the  dry  goods  establish­
ment  of  Burnham  &  Co.,  has  taken  a 
position  with  Mandel  Bros.,  of Chicago.

N ot  W ith o u t  F rie n d «  a t  H om e.

Bay City,  Nov.  15—At  a special  meet­
ing  of  Post  D,  Michigan  Knights  of  the 
Grip,  held  Saturday  evening,  Nov.  8, 
the  following  resolutions  were  unani­
mously  and  enthusiastically  adopted:

Whereas—Our  esteemed  brother  and 
co-worker,  George  H.  Randall,  is  about 
to  retire  from  the  directorate  of  the 
Michigan  Knights  of  the  Grip,  after 
four  years'  service;  and
Whereas—He  has  ever  worked,  in  and 
out  of  season,  at  all  times  and  places, 
under  all  conditions  and  circumstances, 
for  the  propagation  and  advancement  of 
the  principles  of  the  order;  and
Whereas—We  believe  that  our order 
can  ill  afford  to  lose  the  official  services 
of  such  an  experienced  member;  and 
that 
long  and  faithful  service 
should  be  fittingly  recognized  and  re­
warded  by  our order;  therefore  be  it
Resolved—That  Post  D,  M.  K.  ofG ., 
in  meeting  assembled,  unanimous.y  en 
dorse  Brother  George  H.  Randall  for 
President  of  the  Michigan  Knights  of 
the  Grip  for  1903;  be  it  further
its 
power to  further  bis  candidacy  and  that 
we  pledge  ourselves,  individually  and 
collectively,  to  use  all  legitimate  means 
to  bring  about  bis  election  to  this office.
Resolved—That  these  resolutions  be 
spread  on  the  minutes  of  this  Post  and 
copies  be  transmitted  to  the  various 
posts  of  the  State,  to  the  local  press  and 
to  the  trade  journals  of  Michigan.

Resolved—That  the  Post  do  all  in 

such 

There  is  a  report  to  the  effect  that  an 
English  publisher  is  bringing  out  a 
book 
in  which  the  Smith  family,  with 
all 
its  ramifications,  is  to  be  traced. 
Enterprising  publisher!  He  probably 
expects  every  man  of  the  name of  Smith 
to  subscribe  for  or buy  the  book.

T o o   L a t e   to   C la s s ify .

Lyons—The  Ash-Harper  Co.  is  con­
sidering  the  removal  of  its  factory  to 
Mt.  Pleasant,  where  $14,000  has  been 
subscribed  in  the  shape  of  additional 
capital  stock,  conditional  on  the  change 
of  location  being  made.

Belding—Wilson  &  Sinclair,  planing 
mill  and 
lumber  operators,  have  dis­
solved  partnership,  W.  D.  Sinclair  re­
tiring.  The  business  will  be  continued 
by  R.  E.  Wilson  &  Co.,  with  Robert 
Wilson  as  active  manager.

Pontiac—R.  D.  Scott  &  Co.  will 
shortly  put  on  an  extra  force  of men,  in­
creasing  the  capacity  of  the  factory  to 
the  utmost.  The  output  for  the  present 
year will  reach  12,000  vehicles,  averag­
ing  one  about  every  sixteen  minutes  for 
the  working  days  of  the  year.

Birch  Creek—Michael  Krick,  owner 
of  the  Birch  Creek  cheese  factory,  has 
discontinued  operations  for the  season. 
He  has  handled  about  400,000  pounds 
of  milk  and  has  made  about  40,000 
pounds  of  cheese,  which  sold  for  about 
$4,400.  This 
is  the  first  season  in  the 
history  of  the  factory.  Mr.  Krick  ex­
pects  to  double  his  output  next  year.

St.  James—The  Beaver  Island  Lum­
ber  Co.,  which  was  recently  organized 
with  a  capital  stock  of $75,000,  has  pur­
chased  the  plant  of  W.  F.  Gill,  and  will 
at  once  proceed  to  survey  and  grade  a 
narrow  gauge  railroad  leading  into  its 
newly  acquired  timber  lands,  formerly 
known  as  the  McCrea  lands,  a  tract  of 
over  8,000 acres  of  cedar,  hemlock  and 
hardwood.

Cadillac—John  S.  Goldie  and  Paul 
Johnson,  who  have  been  engaged  in  the 
lumber  business  for  many  years,  and 
John  H.  Manning,  a  superintendent  of 
the  plant  of  the  Cadillac  Handle  Co., 
have  formed  a  copartnership  under the

7 3

style  of  Goldie,  Johnson  &  Manning 
and  purchased  a  sawmill  plant  at  Bag- 
nail. 
The  new  concern  has  already 
contracted  for the  cutting  of  one  million 
feet  of  logs  and  will  begin  operations 
within  three  or  four  weeks.

Howell—The  Central  Machine  &  En ­
gine  Co.,  of  Detroit,  has  submitted  a 
proposition  to  the  citizens  of  this  place 
to  remove  its  plant  here  and  manufac­
ture  gasoline  engines  and  tool  holders. 
The  company  will  employ  from  twenty- 
five  to  fifty  men  at  the  beginning.  A 
committee  was  appointed  to  confer  with 
company  and  satisfactory  terms 
the 
have  been  agreed  upon. 
It  now  re­
mains  for  the  village  to  back  up  the 
agreement,  which 
it  will  doubtless  do.
Queer  charges  are  sometimes  brought 
against  clergymen  with  a  view  of  in­
ducing  them  to  seek  other  fields.  Such 
a  case  is  reported  from Denver,  the  pas­
tor  being  Rev.  Bruce Brown,  of  the Cen­
tral  Christian  church,  whose  resignation 
was  demanded  by  the  elders  when  he 
was  out  of  town.  The  complaint  against 
him  was  in  some  particulars unique  and 
consisted  of  three  points—that  he  be­
longed  to  too  many  secret  societies,  that 
he  preached  too  many  special  sermons, 
and  that  he  drew  so  many  outsiders  to 
the  church  the  regular  members  were 
inconvenienced  by  the  crowd.  The  first 
two  indictments  are  scarcely  sufficient, 
if  proven,  to  warrant  his  dismissal,  and 
the  third 
is  one  to  which  he  probably 
in  no  denial  and  constitutes 
will  put 
what  almost  every  church 
in  Christen­
dom  would  regard  as  the  strongest  pos­
sible  reason  for  retaining  a  pastor's 
services.  That  seems  to  have  been  the 
view  taken  of 
it  by  the  members  and 
congregation, for last  Sunday, by  a  unan­
imous  vote,  they  asked  Rev.  Brown  to 
remain.

Peach  Flake

Nut  Flavored

The latest and most  popular  cereal food now on the market. 

It 
has  a  delicacy  of  flake  and  flavor  that  puts  it  in  a  class  by  itself 
above all  others.

Who  should  eat  Peach  Flake?  Those  desiring  to regain  and 
retain health, strength and brain power.  Peach  Flake  is so prepared 
as to be easily digested and assimilated by old or young, sick  or well.
Put  up  in  attractive  cartons  ready  for  immediate  use.  Mer­
chants  find  in  it  a  good  profit  and  ready  sales.  Give  us  a  trial. 

Send for free samples and prices.

Globe  Food  Co.,  Ltd.,

Grand  Rapids,  Mich.

7 4

Drugs—Chem icals

M ic h ig a n   State  B o ard   o f  P h a rm a c y

_ 

_  
Term expires
He n r y   H e i m , Saginaw 
.  Dee.3i:iM2
-  Deo. 81, isos
Wir t p.  Doty, Detroit - 
- 
Cl a r e n c e  B. Stoddard, Monroe  Dec. 31.19W 
J ohn D. Mu ir, Grand Rapids 
Dee. si, nw& 
Arthur H.  We b b e r , CadUlao  Dec. 31,1906

. 

President,  Henry  Heim , Saginaw.
Secretary, J ohn D. Muir, Grand Rapids. 
Treasurer, W. P.  Doty,  Detroit.

E x a m in a tio n   Sessions.

Detroit, Jan. 6 and 7.
Grand Rapids. March 3 and 4.
Star Island, June 16 and 17.
Houghton. Aug. 25 and 26.
Lansing, Nov. 3 and 4.

M ic h .  State  P h a rm a c e u tic a l  A sso cia tio n

President—Lou G.  M o o r e , Saginaw. 
Secretary—W. H.  B u r k e   Detroit.
Treasurer—C. F. Huber, Port Huron.

S o m e th in g   o f   a   D ile m m a .

The incident of which  I speak occurred 

when,  as  a  boy  studying  pharmacy, 
bad  progressed  so  far  as  to  begin 
compound  simple  prescriptions,  alway 
however,  under  the  eye  of  the  “ boss. 
One  rainy  Sunday  afternoon  the  “ boss 
went  home  leaving  me  in  charge,  with 
instructions  to  telephone  for  him  if  he 
should  be  needed.  A  few  minutes  afte 
be 
left  a  lady  came  in  with  a  prescrip 
tion. 
I  offered  her  a  chair and  went 
behind  the  prescription case,  apparently 
as  unconcerned  as  though  I  were a pbar 
macist  of  years 
standing!  The  pre 
scription  was  one  calling  for  thirty 
capsules,  and  at  our  store  we  always 
filled  them  by  the  “ mass“   process 
had  often  watched  the  “ boss”  fill  them 
and  was  confident  1  could  do  so.  Care 
fully  weighing  out  the 
ingredients, 
mixed  them  together  and  added  a  little 
of  the  excipient;  that did not  seem to  be 
enough,  and  so  1  added  some  more, 
when,  behold!  the  whole  thing  seemed 
to  turn  a  sticky,  slimy  paste.  Then  . 
tried  adding  an  absorbent  powder,  but 
that  only  seemed  to  increase  the  bulk 
without 
the  difficulty 
in  rolling  the 
Finally,  I  did  succeed 
mass  out  and  dividing 
it,  but  found 
half  of  it  sticking  to  the  pill-tile  and 
spatula,  to  say  nothing  of  what  was 
sticking  to  me.

remedying 

came 

old  man 

By  this  time  I  was  in  a  pretty  ner 
vous  condition,  and  the  worse  I  got,  the 
more  that  stuff  stuck. 
It  wanted  to  go 
on  the  outside  instead  of  the  inside  of 
the capsules ;  while sounds of impatience 
from  the  front  of  the  store  did  not  make 
matters  easier  for  me.  At  that  point  the 
in ;  he  sized  up  the 
situation  and  started  to  make  a  new 
mass,  telling  me to throw  my  stuff away 
long  time  to
I  told  the  lady  it  took  a 
compound  the  prescription,  which 
in 
that  case  it  certainly  did.  The  “ boss" 
must  have  thought  that  my mortification 
was  punishment  enough  for  me,  for  I 
never 
received  the  reprimand  I  de­
served,  although  I  learned  the  valuable 
lesson  of  not  attempting  to  do 
that 
which  I  am  not  sure  of. 

J.  A.  Shaw.

S im p l e   H o m e -M a d e   P r e s c r ip t io n   F i l e .
The  device  1  am  going  to  describe  "is 
perhaps  as  convenient  and  economical 
as  any  and  no  doubt  superior  to  many. 
Any  one  with  any  patience  can  easily 
make  the  file,  and  the  time  consumed 
m  filing  the  prescriptions  with  it  is  not 
nearly so great  as  that  required  to  paste 
them  away,  while  the  cost  is  practically 
nothing.

First  get  an  empty  cigar-box  of  the 
size  holding  a  hundred  cigars-not  the 
long  box,  but  the  short,  tall  kind  most 
common.  Saw  a  block  of  wood  so  that 
it  will  fit  loosely  in  this  box,  making  it 
about  half  an  inch  shorter  and  narrower

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

than  the  inside  of  the  box.  Make  this 
inch  wood.  With a  sma 
out  of  yi  or 
gimlet  bore  two  holes through the  block 
one  about  a  half-inch  from  one  end 
the  block  and  an  equal  distance  from 
either  edge,  and the  other  about  an  inch 
from  the  first  hole  and toward  the  center 
of  block.  Get  a  piece  of small  fence 
wire,  not  too  heavy  to  bend  easily,  yet 
heavy  enough  to  easily  retain  its  shape 
when  subjected  to  some  strain.  File off 
piece  about  12 inches  in  length,slight 
sharpen  one  end,  and  bend  (a  pa 

ly
of  pliers  will  greatly  aid)  the  other end 
so  that  there  will  be  formed  a  hook  i 
the  shape  of  the  letter  U  with  a  short 
arm  about  an  inch  and  a  half  long.  The 
distance  between  the  long  and  the  short 
arms  should  be  that  between  the  two 
holes 
in  the  block.  Draw  the  wire 
through  the  block  with  the  long  arm 
through  the  hole  nearest  the  edge  of  the 
block  and  the  short  arm  through  the 
other.  Place  the  block  on  a  solid  base 
and  hammer  the  protruding  end  of  the 
ihort  arm  over  toward  the  long one  unti 
t 
is  flush  with  surface  of  the  wood 
Then  remove  your  prescriptions  from 
our desk  file  onto  this  one,  placing  the 
lowest  number on  the  bottom.

This  size  of  box  will  be  found  large 
enough  to  accommodate  all  average 
ized  prescriptions  and  will  easily  hold 
,ooo.  After  putting  on  this  number 
ou  can  bend  the  wire  over  so  that the 
top  of  the  box  will  close.

Nearly  every  drug  store  is  equipped 
with  a  set  of  rubber  type,  and  with  this 
print,  on  a  piece  of  paper  cut  the  size 
f  the  end  of  the  box,  the  number  con­
tained  therein.  For  instance:

10,000 

to

11,000

Paste  this  on  the  end  of  the  box.
These 

little  boxes  will  not  occupy 
much  space,  and  the  prescriptions  can 
easily  be  found.  When  a  prescription  is 
wanted,  take  down  the  box  containing 
the  number,lift out  the  pad  by  means  of 
the  wire,  and  turn  all  the  prescriptions 
bove  the  one  wanted  around  on  the 
wire.  You  then  have  your  prescription 
before  you 
in  such  form  that  you  can 
easily  place 
it  where  most  convenient 
on  the  dispensing  counter.—M.  K.  Bar­
ber  in  Bulletin  of  Pharmacy.

Artificial  Strawberry  and  Raspberry  Eg- 

sence.

Butyric  ether..............................   5  parts.
Acetic  ether..................................  5  parts.
Amyl-acetic  ether.........................3  parts.
Amyl  butyric  ether.....................  2  parts
Glycerine......................................  2  parts!
Formic  ether................... 
j  part
Nitrons  ether...................................1  part!
1  part
Methyl-salicylic ether...............  

Mix.

Acetic  eth er................................   5  part8.
Tartaric acid................................  5  parts.
Aldehyde......................................  ,  part>
Formic  ether................................  t  part
Benzoic  ether.................................j  part"
Butyric  ether.......................... ! ”   1  part‘
Oenantbic  ether..........................   j  part<
Methyl  salicylic  ether.........  
1  part
Nitrous  ether..............................  
,  part;
Sebacylic  ether......................... 
j  part
Succinic  acid................................. *  part]

These  make  artificial  and  uncertain 
preparations,  which  the  best  druggists 
refuse  to  have  anything  to  do  with,  ex- 
their 
It  is  a  good  rule 
use  and  sell  only  the  best  fruit  juices 
cases  like  these. 

in  special  cases  and  on 

merits  as  substitutes. 

Wm.  Mixton.

pt 

R e ig n   o f th e   Sa ch e t  F a d .

The  reign  of  the  scent  bottle  is  over. 
In  place  of  the familiar silver-stoppered 
bottles,  which  are  now  considered  sug­
gestive  of  the  furnishings  of  a  barber 
shop,  the 
lurks  unseen 
among  the  boxes  and  bags,  the  shelves 
and  drawers  that  hold  the  gowns  and 
hats  and  small  belongings  of  the  cos 
tume.

sachet  bag 

Sachet  powder  is  expensive,  and  the 
girl  of  lavish  taste  but  restricted  in 
come  is obliged  to  limit her  use  of  it.  A 
little  of  the  best  procurable  quality  is 
far  better  than  a 
larger  amount  of  a 
cheaper,  grade.  But  there  are  no  really 
cheap  sachet  powders,  for  the  use  of this 
form of  scent does  not  appeal to  cbeape 
tastes  than  the  cultivated,  and  there 
would  be no  sale for  it  in  the  low  priced 
shops.

Of  course,  the  simple  old  powders 
are  not  used  at  all.  Violet,  always  deli 
cale  and  lovely,  has  been  cheapened  by 
too  much  popularity,  and  the  more  un­
common  perfumes  are  chosen.  The 
makers  are  kept  busy  inventing  new 
combinations,  and  an  odd  thing  about 
sachets  is that you can mix several odors, 
such  as  violet,  rose  and  mignonette, 
which  will  produce an entirely  new  and, 
of course,  odd  odor.  Once a girl  has  ex­
perimented  on  some  of  these  combina­
tions  she  lays  in  a  supply  and then hugs 
her secret  to  her  breast  and is  true  to  it.
The  expense  of  setting  up  the  sachet 
fad 
is  considerable;  but,  as  time  goes 
on,  it is  easier to  keep  up  from  a  mone­
tary  point  of  view  than  the  purchase  of 
bottled  extracts,  which  continue  to  hold 
their  high  prices.  The woman in  society 
orders  her  sachets  made  up  by the dozen 
and  has  her maid  renew  them when  nec­
essary,  but  the  girl  in  the  first  throes  of 
the  sachet  fad  always  makes  them  up 
herself.  She  begins  by  buying  a  quan­
tity  of  odd  bits  of  silk  remnants,  some- 
mes  very  beautiful  and  very  reason­
able 
in  price,  of  different  sizes;  for a 
sachet  may  be as  small  as  a thimble  and 
as  iarge  as a  bedspread, according  to the 
use  for  which  it  is  intended.

For  the  drawers  of  a  dressing  table 
the  sachet  is  usually  made  to  rest  as  a 
ning  beneath 
the  contents  of  the 
rawer.  The  same  idea  must  be  carried 
out  for  every  drawer  where  clothing 
rests,  even  where  fans,  trinkets  and 

ngerie  are  kept.
For  closets  where  gowns  and  coats 
may  hang,  the  sachet  is  large  enough  to 
reach  across  the  entire  space  from  one 
end  hook to the other, covering the gowns 
completely.  This  has  proved  a  much 
better  plan  than  the  old  idea  of  placing 
sachet  bags 
in  the  gowns  themselves.
In  this  way  the  nearness  of  the  body 
makes  the  sachet  too  much  in  evidence.

T h e   D r a g   M a rk e t.

Opium—Is quiet  and  prices  are  weak, 
Ithough  not  quotably  lower.
Morphine—Is  unchanged.
Quinine—Is  quiet.  A  decline  was  ex­
pected,  but  has  not  as  yet  been  an­
nounced.

Bromides  Ammonia,  Potash 

and 
Soda—Have  again  declined  and  are 

11  tending  lower.
Caffeine-----Owing 

to 

competition

among  manufacturers,  has  declined.

Chloral  Hydrate—A  decision  of  the 
United  States  Circuit  Court  changes  the 
duty  and,  if  the  decision  holds, 
the 
price  will  be  reduced.

Elm  Bark—Select  and  in  bundles  is 
very  scarce  and  prices  are  high  and 
firm.

Saw  Palmetto  Berries-----Have  ad­
vanced  and  are  very  scarce.  All  prepa­
rations  of  saw  palmetto  are  likely  to  be 
higher.

Oils  Anise  and  Cassia—Are  very  firm 

and  advancing.

has  been  advanced 
Higher  prices  are 

Sabadilla  Seed—Is  higher  abroad  and 
in  this  market. 
looked  for  later on.
Linseed  Oil—An  advance  of  5c  per 
gallon  has  taken  place  within  the  last 
ten  days.

Flax  Seed—Has  advanced  and  lower 

price  for  oil  is  not  looked  for.

H o w   to   T a k e   C asto r  O il.

Dr.  F.  S.  Hough  says  that  the  d is ­
agreeable  feature  about  taking  a  dose  of 
castor  oil 
is  due  to  the  odor of  the  oil 
and  not  the  taste.  He  gives  the  follow­
ing  as  a  good  method  for  its  adminis­
tration. 
If  the  patient .grips  the  nos­
trils  firmly  before  pouring  out  the  dose, 
drinks  same  complacently,  and  then 
thoroughly*  cleanses  the  mouth, 
lips, 
larynx,  etc.,  with  water,  removing  the 
last  vestige  of  the  oil  before  removing 
the  fingers,  he  will  not  get  the  least 
taste  from  the  oil,  which  is  bland  and 
tasteless. 
It  all  depends  upon  keeping 
any  air  from  entering  the  nose  during 
the  time  while  there  is  any  oil  present.
One  golden  day  redeems  a  weary 

year.—Celia  Tbaxter.

«jj 

Send U s Y our Orders 

for Special Sized 
W indow  Shades. 

3* 
m

\\ e guarantee satisfaction in  price  and  J C  
quality  of  goods.  Making  window  3 ?  
shades is  a  leading  specialty  with  us. 
Orders filled within  24  hours  after  re­
ceipt.  No  delay.  Send  for  samples 
and price  list.

HeysDek & Canfield Co.,

Grand Rapids, Mich.

Jobbers wall  paper and window shades.

The  Druggist*  is 

Dead

to  his  best  interests 
who does  not  hold  a 
membership 
in  the

C o m m e r c i a l   C r e d i t   C o.,

which files  over 200,- 
oco  detailed  reports 
*  on Michigan consum­
ers and purchasers of 
merchandise at retail

House  Repartee.

Are  hogs  long-lived,  I  wonder.”
I  understand  they  live  to  a  good  old 

usage.

Cocaine—On  account  of  scarcity  of 
crude,  has  been  advanced  and  tending 
higher.

Menthol—Is  weak,  on  account  of  lack 

of  demand.

F R E D   BRU ND AG E

wholesale

*  Drugs  and  Stationery «
3 » &  34  Western  Ave.,

MUSKEGON,  MICH.

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

TS

-E  DRUG  PRICE  CURRENT

Menthol..................
Morphia, 8., P. ft W. 
Morphia, S..N.V. Q.
Morphia, MaL.........
Moschus  Canton__
Myrlstlca, No. 1......
Nux Vomica...po. 15
Os Sepia..................
Pepsin Saac, H. ft P.
D  Co....................
Plcls Llq. N.N.* gal.
doz.......................
Plcls Llq., quarts__
Plcls Llq., pints......
PU Hydrarg. ..po. 80 
Piper  Nigra...po.22 
Piper  Alba....po.36
Pllx Burgun............
Plumbl Acet............
Pulvls Ipecac et Opll 
Pyre thrum, boxes H. 
ft P. D. Co., doz...
Pyrethrum,  pv........
Quassias..................
Quinta, 8. P. ft  W... 
¿ulnla, S.  German..
JulnlajN. Y............
Rubla Tlnctorum.... 
Saccharum Lactls pv
Saladn....................
Sanguis  Draconls...
- Sapo, W..................
Sapo M....................
Sapo G....................

7 50® 8 09 
2  15® 2 40 
2  15® 2 40 
2  16® 2  40 
®  40
66®  80 
®  10 
36®  37
®  1  00
®  2  00 @  1  00 
@ 
86 
®  50
®  18
30
®  
7
® 
10®  
12 
1  30®  1  50
®  76
25®  30

12®  14
20®  
22 
4  50® 4 75 
40®  50
12®  14
10®  
12 
®  15

SeldUtz Mixture......   20®  22
Slnapls.................... 
®  18
Slnapls,  opt............  
®  30
Snuff, Maccaboy, De
®  41
VOM.................... 
a   41
8nuS,8cotch,DeVo’s 
9® 
Soda, Boras............. 
li
ll
9® 
Soda,  Boras, po......  
25®  27
Soda et Potass Tart. 
Soda,  Carb.............. 
i*@ 
2
Soda,  Bl-Carb.........  
3® 
5
Soda, Ash...............   3*@ 
3
Soda, Sulphas.........  
® 
2
Spts. Cologne........... 
® 2 60
Spts. Ether  Co........ 
50®  55
Spts. Myrcia Dom... 
® 2 00 
® 
Spts. Vlni Rect.  bbl. 
Spts.VlniRect.Hbbl  @ 
Spts. Vlnl Rect. lOgal 
® 
Spts. Vlnl Rect. 5 gal 
® 
Strychnia, Crystal.. 
80®  l  05
Sulphur,  subl.........   2*®  
4
Sulphur, Roll...........  214®  3*
Tamarinds.............. 
8®  10
Terebenth  Venice... 
28®  30
Theobromae.............   45®  50
Vanilla....................9 oo®16 oo
Zlnci Sulph.............. 
8

7® 

O ils

Whale, winter.........  7o 
Lard, extra..............  86 
Lard, No. 1..............  60 

BBL.  OAL.
70
90
65

Linseed, pure raw... 
Linseed,  Dolled........
Neatsfoot, winter str
Spirits  Turpentine..
Paints
Red  Venetian.........
Ochre, yellow  Mars. 
Ochre, yellow Ber... 
Putty,  commercial.. 
Putty, strictly  pure. 
Vermilion,  P rim e
American............
Vermilion, English..
Green,  Paris...........
Green, Peninsular...
Lead, red................
Lead,  white............
Whiting, white Span 
Whiting, gliders’.... 
White, Pails, Amer. 
Whiting, Paris, Eng.
cliff.......................
Universal Prepared.
V arn ish e s

47
48
59
59
B B L .
Hi  2  @8 
Hi  2  @4 
IK   2  @3 
2K   2*@ 3 
2 *   2K@3
13®  16
70®  76
14*@  18* 
13®  16
3  ®   8* 
6  @  6* 
®  90
®  96
®  1  25
®   1  40 
1  10®   1  20

No. l Turp  Coach.
1  10®  1  20
Extra Turp.
1 80®  1  70
Coach  Body,...........  2 75® 3
2 75® 3  00
No. 1 Turp Furo......1  00®  l  10
Extra Turk Damar..  1 55®  1  60 
Jap.Dryer,No.iTurp  70®  79

¡D r u g s

We are Importers and Jobbers of Drugs, 

Chemicals  and  Patent  Medicines.

We  are  dealers  in  Paints,  Oils  and 

Varnishes.

We have  a full line of  Staple  Druggists’ 

Sundries.

We are the sole  proprietors  of  Weath­

erly’s  Michigan Catarrh  Remedy.

We always have  in  stock  a  full  line  of 
Whiskies,  Brandies,  Gins,  Wines 
and  Rums  for  medical  purposes 
only.

We  give our personal  attention  to  mail 

orders and  guarantee satisfaction.

All orders shipped and invoiced the same 

day received.  Send  a trial order.

Hazeltine  &  Perkins 

Drug  Co.

Grand  Rapids,  Mich.
m

m

m

i

Conlum Mac............
Copaiba..................
CuDebae..................
Kxechthltos............
Erlgeron.................
Gaultherla.............
Geranium, ounce.,.. 
Gosslppll, Sem. gal..
Hedeoma................
Junipera.................
Laven du la  .............
Limonls.................
Mentha Piper.........
Mentha Verld.........
Morrhuse, £al.........
Mjrrda....................
Olive.......................
Pidg Liquida...........
Plcls Liquida,  gal...
Rldna.....................
Rosmarlnl...............
Rosae, ounce............
Sucdnl....................
Sabina....................
Santal.....................
Sassafras.................
Slnapls, ess., ounce.
TlglU.......................
Thyme.....................
Thyme, opt..............
Theobromas...........
Potassium
Bl-Carb....................
Bichromate............
Bromide.................
G arb.......................
Chlorate., .po. 17®19
Cyanide..................
Iodide.....................  2
Potassa, Bitart, pure 
Potass Nltras, opt...
Potass  Nltras.........
Prusslate.................
Sulphate  po............
R ad ix
Aconltum.................
Althae.....................
Anchusa.................
Arum  po.................
Calamus..................
Gentiana........po. 15
Glychrrhlza.. .pv.  15 
Hydrastis  Canaden. 
Hydrastis Can., po.. 
Hellebore, Alba, po.
Inula,  po.................
Ipecac, po............... 2
Iris ploz.. .po. 35®38
Jalapa, pr...............
Maranta,  Ms...........
Podophyllum,  po...
Rhel.........................
Rhel, cut.................
Rhel, pv..................
Splgella..................
Sangulnarla...po.  16
Serpen tarla............
Senega ....................
Smllax, officinalis H.
Smllax, M...............
Sclllae............po.  36
Symplocarpus, Foetl-
dus,  po.................
Valeriana,Eng. po. 30 
Valeriana,  German.
Zingiber a ...............
Zingiber}.................
Semen
Anlsum.........po.  18
Aplum (graveleons).
Bird, is....................
Carol............. po.  15
Cardamon...............
Corlandrum.............
Cannabis Satlva......
ydonlum
Cy<
Denopodium. 
Cto 
,
Dlpterix Odorate....
inx O
Foenlculum___
Foenugroek, po.
L ini............ ...
Lobéua 
Pharlarls Canarlan..
Rapa.......................
Slnapls  Alba...........
Slnapls  Nlgra.........
S p irita»
Frumenti, W. D. Co. 
Frumenti,  D. F. R..
Frumenti................
Junlperls Co. O. T...
Junlperls  Co...........
Saacnarum  N. E ....
Spt. Vlnl Galli.........
Vini Oporto............
Vlnl Alba................
Sponges 
Florida sheeps’ wool
carriage................
Nassau sheeps’ wool
carriage................
Velvet extra sheeps’
wool, carriage......
Extra yellow sheeps’
wool, carriage......
Grass  sheeps’  wool,
carriage...............
Hard, for slate use.. 
Yellow  R e e f,  for
slate use...............
S y ru p s
Acacia....................
Aurantl Cortex........
Zingiber..................
Ipecac.....................
Ferrl Iod.................
Rhel Aram..............
Smllax  Officinalis...
Senega ....................
Stott!«»  . 
.............

8
75
17
29
42
5
10
14
15
535
20
40

6
8
15
14

26
00
60
00

24
7
60

65
70
65
50

18
12
18
30
20
12
12
12
38

30
30
12
14
16
17

15
26
78
40
16
2
80
7

18
26
35

40
26
30

20
10

66
45
35
28
66
14
12
30
60
40
55
13
14
16
69
40
00
85
35
75
60
40
I  10
45
45
i  00

26
20
26
28
23
26
39
22
26

60
20
20
20

'  0)
60
I  26
65
!  20
!  65
86
80
85
!  76
1  10
40

80®  90
1  15® 1  26 
1  30® 1  36
1  50® 1  60 
1  00® 1  10
2 20® 2 3D
®  76
60®  60 
1 80® 1  86 
1 60® 2 00 
90® 2 00
1  16®  1  25
5 60® 6 O'
6 00® 5 50
2 00® 2  10 
4 00® 4 50
76® 3 00 
10®  
12 
®  35
92®  98
© 1  00 
6 60® 7 00 
40®  46
90®  1  00 
2 75® 7 00 
56®  60
®  65
1 60®  1  60 
40®  60
®  1  60 
15®   20

15®  18
13®  15
33®  35
12®  15
16®  18 
34®  38

7®  10
6® 
8 
23®  26
15®  18

20®  26 
30®  33
10®  
12 
©  26 
20®  40
12®  16 
16®  18 
®  75
®  80 
12®  16 
18®  22 
75® 2  80 
35®  40
25®  30
®  35
22®  25
75®  1  00 
®  1  25 
76®  1  35 
35®  38
®  18 
50®  56
75®  80
®  40
®  25
10®  
12
®  26 
®  25
16®  20 
14®  16
26®  27

®  16 
13®  15
4® 
6
10®  11 
1  26®  1  76 
8®  
10 
5®  6 
75®  1 00 
15®  16
1 00®  1  10 
®  10 
9
7® 
4 
®   6
4  ® 
6
1  60®  1  56
5  @ 
6
6  ® 
6
9®  10
11®  
12

2 00® 2 60 
2 00® 2 26 
1  25®  1  60 
1 65® 2 00 
1 75® 3 50 
1 90® 2  10 
1  76® 6 50 
1  25® 2 00 
1  25® 2 00

2 50® 2 76
2 50® 2 76
®  1 50
®  1  26
@  1 00 
@  76
®  1  40

®  50
®   60 
®  60 
®  60 
®  50
®   50
10®  60 
O  50

!

1

®
®
®

Miscellaneous 

Sclllae Co................. 
Tolutan...................  
Prunus  vlrg............  
Tinctures 
Aconltum Napellls R 
Aconltum Napellls F
Aloes ......................
Aloes and Myrrh__
Arnica....................
Assafoetlda..............
Atrope Belladonna..
Aurantl Cortex.......
Benzoin..................
Benzoin Co..............
Barosma..................
Cantharldes............
Capsicum................
Cardamon...............
Cardamon Co..........
Castor.....................  
Catechu|..................
Cinchona................
Cinchona Co............
Columba.................
Cubebae....................
Cassia Aoutlfol........
Cassia Acutlfol Co...
Digitalis..................
Ergot.......................
Ferrl  Chlorldum__
Gentian..................
Gentian Co..............
Gulaca.....................
Gulaca ammon........
Hyoscyamus............
Iodine  ....................
Iodine, colorless......
K ino.......................
Lobelia...................
Myrrh.....................
Nux Vomica............
Opll.........................
Opll,  comphorated..
Opll, deodorized...... 
Quassia..................
Rhatany..................
Rhel........................
Sangulnarla............
Serpentaria............
Stramonium............
Tolutan..................
Valerian.................
Veratrum  Verlde...
Zingiber..................
■Ether, Spts. Nit. ? F  30® 
.Ether, Spts. Nit. 4 F  34®
Alumen..................   214®
Alumen,  gro’d..po. 7 
3®
Annatto...................   40®
Antlmonl, po........... 
4®
Antlmonl el Potass T  40®
Antlpyrin...............  
®
®
Antnebrln.............. 
®
Argent! Nltras, oz... 
Arsenicum.............. 
10®
Balm Gilead  Buds.. 
46® 
Bismuth 8. N...........  1  65®  1 70
Calcium Chlor., is...
Calcium Chlor.,  *s..
Calcium Chlor.,  Ks.. 
Cantharldes, Rus .po 
Capsid Fractus, af..
Capsid  Fractus, po.
Capsid Fractus B, po 
Caryophyllus. .po. 15
Carmine, No. 40......  
Cera Alba.............. 
Cera Flava..............  40®
©
Coccus.................... 
®
Cassia Fractus........ 
Centrarla................. 
®
Cetaceum................. 
®
Chloroform............   66®
Chloroform,  squlbbs 
©  1  10 
Chloral Hyd Crst....  1  35®  l  60
Chondrus................   20®  25
Clnchonldlne.P. ft W  38®  48
Clnchontdlne, Germ.  38®  48
Cocaine.................. 4 06®  4 25
Corks, llst.dls.pr.ct.
Creosotum...............
® 
2
Creta........... bbl. 75 
Creta, prep.............. 
©
Creta, predp........... 
9®  11
Creta, Rubra........... 
©
Crocus....................  30®  36
Cudbear..................  
©
Cuprl Sulph............   6*® 
8
7®
Dextrine................. 
Ether Sulph............   78®
Emery, all numbers. 
©
©
Emery, po................ 
Ergota........ po. 90  85®
Flake  White........... 
12®
Gal la ....................... 
©  23
Gambler................. 
8®
Gelatin,  Cooper......   @
Gelatin, French......   35®
75  ft
Glassware,  flint, box 
Less than box......
Glue, brown............  
11©
Glue,  white........ 
160
Glycerlna................   17*©
Grana Paradlsl........ 
©
Humulus.................  25®
© 1 00 
Hydrarg  Chlor  Mite 
®  90
Hydrarg  Chlor Cor.. 
Hydrarg Ox Rub’m. 
©  1  10 
© l  20 
Hydrarg Ammonlati 
HydrargUnguentum  60®  60
Hydrargyrum......... 
®  86
Ichthyobolla, Am...  66®  70
Indigo.....................   75®  1  00
Iodine,  Resubl........  3 40® 3 60
Iodoform.................  3 60®  3 86
Lupulln.................... 
©  60
Lycopodium............   66®  70
M ads......................  66®  76
Liquor Arsen et  Hy­
drarg Iod.............. 
©  25
LlquorPotasiArsInlt  10®  12
Magnesia,  Sulph.... 
2® 
3
Magnesia, Sulph, brl 
Q  1* 
750
WftnnU  a 

® 3 00
56®  60

7 6

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

QROCtRV  PRICE  CURRENT

These quotations are  carefully  corrected  weekly,  within  six  hours  of  mailing, 
and are intended to be correct at time of going to  press.  Prices,  however,  are  lia­
ble to change at any  time,  and  country  merchants  will  have  their  orders  filled  at 
market prices at date of purchase.

96
1  00
1  20
1  10
1  16
1  25
B 00

No. 16................................... 1«
No. 18................................... 18
No. 20................................... 20
No. 22...................................22
NO. 24...................................24
NO. 26...................................26
NO. 28................................... 28
Belle Isle..........................  20
Bed  Cross............................24
Colonial...............................26
Juvo.....................................30
Koran...................................14
Delivered In 100 lb. lots.
Dwlnell-Wrlght  Co.’s Brands.

ADVANCED
S u g a r s  
O r a n g e s  
C r a n b e r r ie s  
S c a le d   H e r r in g

Index to Markets

By Columns

A

B

C

G

H

D
F

I
J
X.

Col.
Akron  Stoneware.................  15
Alabastlne............................  1
Ammonia..............................   1
Axle Grease..........................   1
l
Baking Powder...................... 
Bath  Brick............................ 
i
Bluing..  ............................... 
l
Breakfast  Food....................  1
Brooms..................................  1
Brushes................................   1
Batter Color.......................... 
l
Candles...... ..........................   14
Candles.................................. 
l
Canned Goods....................... 
i
Catsup...................................  3
Carbon Oils..........................   8
Cheese...................................   3
Chewing Gum.......................  3
Chicory..................................  3
Chocolate...............................  3
Clothes Lines.........................  3
Cocoa.....................................  3
Cocoanut...............................  3
Cocoa Shells..........................  3
Co flee...................................   3
Condensed Milk....................   4
Coupon Books.......................  15
Crackers...............................  4
Cream T artar.......................  5
Dried  Fruits.........................  5
Farinaceous  Goods..............  5
Fish and Oysters..................   13
Fishing Tackle.....................   6
Flavoring Extracts...............   6
Fly  Paper.............................  6
Fresh Meats..........................  6
Fruits...................................   14
Gelatine................................   6
Grain Bags............................  7
Grains and Flour.................  7
Herbs...................................   7
Hides and Felts....................  13
Indigo....................................  7
Jelly .....................................   7
Lamp Burners.......................  15
Lamp Chimneys...................   15
Lanterns...............................   15
Lantern  Globes....................  15
Licorice................................   7
Lye........................................  7
Meat Extracts.......................  7
Molasses...............................   7
Mustard................................   7
Nuts......................................   14
Oil Cans................................   15
Olives....................................  7
Pickles...................................  7 1
Pipes.....................................  7
Playing Cards.......................  8
Potash...................................  8
Provisions.............................   8
Bice.......................................  8
Salad Dressing......................  9
Saleratus...............................  9
Sal Soda................................   9
Salt........................................   9
Salt  Fish...............................  9
Seeds.....................................  9
Shoe Blacking.......................  9
Snuff.....................................   10
Soap.......................................  9
Soda.......................................  10
Spices..............  
10
Starch...................................   10
Stove PoUsh..........................  10
Sugar.....................................  u
Syrups...................................  10
Table Sauce..........................  li
Tea........................................  U
Tobacco................................   u
Twine...................................   12
Vinegar................................   12
Washing Powder.................... 13
Wlcklng................................   is
Wooden war«........................   13
Wrapping Paper...................  13
Yeast  C ake.......................   13

V
w

A
8

N
0

M

Jt

Y

1

 

 

DECLINED
P a c k a g e   C o ffe e  
B r o o m s  
P e c a n   N u t»
L a r d   C o m p o u n d

AXLE  GREASE
doz. gross
A nrora........... 
6 00
..56
Castor  OIL. ............... 60
7 00
4 25
Diamond... ............... 60
9 00
Frazer’s .... ............... 75
9 00
I XL Golden. tin boxes 75

CANDLES

Electric Light, 8s..................12
Electric Light, 16s...............12Vi
Paraffine, Bs.........................  «-V
Paraffine, 12s........................’.0
Winkln» 
.17

CANNED  GOODS 

85
3 25

85

Apples
3 lb. Standards........ 
Gallons, standards.. 

Blackberries

Standards................ 

Beans

Baked......................  1  oo@i  30
Red  Kidney............  
75®  85
String...................... 
70
Wax......................... 
75
Blueberries
Standard....................
Brook  T rout

2 lb. cans, Spiced..............  1 90

Clams.
Little Neck, I lb...... 
Little Neck. 2 lb...... 

Clam  Bouillon

100
1 50

Burnham’s, Vi pint...........  1 92
Burnham’s, pints..............  3 60
Burnham’s, quarts...........  7 20

Cherries

Bed  Standards.......... 1  3C@l 50
1 50
White.........................  
Fair.......................... 
80
Good.......................  
85
Fancy......................  1 O’ @1 20

Corn

French  Peas

22

86

Peas

Pears

2  10
3 eo 
2 40
1  80 
2 80 
1 80 
2 80 
1 8" 2 80
18020
22026

Sur Extra Fine................. 
Extra  Fine
Fine..............................
Moyen..........................
G o o s e b e r r ie s
Standard................
H o m in y
Standard..............
Lo b ster
Star, Vi lb................
Star, 1  lb.................
Picnic Tails.............
M a ck e re l
Mustard, lib ...........
Mustard, 21b...........
Soused, 1 lb............ .
Soused, 2 lb............
Tomato, 1 lb............
Tomato, 2 lb............
M u sh ro o m s
Hotels.......................
Buttons..................
Oysters
Cove, 1 lb................ 
Cove, 2 lb.................
Cove, 1 lb  Oval........
Peaches
8£®
P ie............
1  35®1
Yellow......
1
Standard..
1
Fancy........
1
Marrowfat. 
9001
Early June. 
1  65
1
Early June Sifted..
P lu m s
85
Plums.................... 
P in e ap p le
Grated....................   1 2502 75
Sliced.......................   1 35@2 66
P um pkin
90 
F air.........................
I  00 
Good.......................
1  25
Fancy......................
Raspberries
Standard..................
1  15
Russian  C arter
14lb.cans.........  ..............  375
li lb, cans.........................   7 00
1   id .  e a u ......................................  12   w
Salmon
Columbia River, tails
@1  65
@1  80
Columbia River, flats
Red Alaska.............
@1 30
Pink Alaska.. 
0   90
......
Shrim ps
1  40
Standard.................
Sardines
Domestic, Vis..........
3*
Domestic, V»s.........
5
Domestic,  Mustard.
6
Califomla, ms.........
ll(a>14
California Vis..........
17024
French, Ms..............
7014
French, Vis..............
18028
Standard.................
1  10
Fancy  ....................
1 40

S tra w b e rrie s

Mica, tin boxes.........75 
Paragon.....................50 

9 00
6 00

B A K I N G   P O W D E R  

E g g

M lb.  cans, 4doz. case.........3 75
V4 lb.  cans, 2 doz. case........ 3 75
1 lb.  cans. 1 doz. case........ 3 75
5 lb. cans, Vi doz. case..........8 00

Vi lb. cans, 4 doz. case.........  45
Vi lb. cans, 4 doz. case.........  85
1 
lb. cans. 2 doz. case........1  60

R o y a l

10c size__  90
M lb. cans  1 35
6 oz. cans.  l  90
%  lb. cans 2 so
Ü lb. cans  3 75
1 lb.  cans.  4 80
3 lb. cans  13 00
i   5 lb. cans. 21 50

B A T H   B R I C K

American.........................   75
English............................  85
Arctic, 4 oz. ovals, per gross 4 00 
Arctic, 8 oz. ovals, per grosse 00 
Arctic 16 oz. round per gross 9 00

B LU IN G

Small size, per doz..............  40
Large size, per doz..............  75

BREAKFAST FOOD

CEBU HOT FLUKES
TRYABITA

Cases, 36 packages.............4 50
Five case lots......................4 40

BROOMS

Peptonized  Celery  Food,  3
doz. In case...................4 06
Hulled Corn, per doz...........  95
No. 1 Carpet........................2  to
No. 2 Carpet........................2  25
No. 3 Carpet........................2  15
No. 4 Carpet........................1  75
Parlor  Gem........................2 40
Common Whisk...................  85
Fancy Whisk...................... 1  10
Warehouse......................... 3  50

BRUSHES

Scrub

Shoe

Solid Back,  8 In..................   45
Solid Back, 11 In .................  96
Pointed Ends.......................  85
No. 8....................................1  00
No. 7....................................1  3o
No. 4....................................1  70
No. 3.........  
............. 1 90
No. 3.....................................  75
No. 2....................................I  10
N o.l.................................... I 75
W., B. & Co.’s, 15c size__  125
W., B. & Co.’s, 25c size__  2 00

BUTTER  COLOR

Stove

3

Succotash
Fair.........................
Good.......................
Fancy
Tomatoes
F air.........................
Good.......................
Fancy......................
GaUoni....................
Barrels

CARBON  OILS

Eocene....................... @12 Vi
Perfection.................. @11*
Diamond White......... @11
D. S. Gasoline............ @14*
Deodorized Naphtha.. @12
Cylinder.....................29 @34
Engine........................16 @22
Black, winter.............   9 @10X

CATSUP

Colombia,  pints................. 2 00
Columbia, Vi pints..............l 25
CHEESE
Acme....................... 
©  3 vi
Amboy.................... 
©14
Elsie........................  
Wi4
©14
Emblem..................  
©’«Vi
Gem......................... 
Gold Medal.............. 
»13
Ideal...................... 
013*
Jersey.....................
flu
Riverside................. 
Brick....................... 
14©15
Edam......................  
©*>
Leiden.................... 
©17
Llmburger...............  
13©14
Pineapple...............  
50©75
Sap  Sago................ 
©19
CHEWING  GUM 
American Flag Spruce.... 
60
Beeman’s Pepsin......... 
Black Jack..................  
55
60
Largest Gum  Made.........  
55
Sen Sen........................ 
l 00
Sen Sen Breath Perfume., 
Sugar Loaf..................  
*
Yucatan....................... 
56
Bulk...................................... 6
Bed....................................... 7
Eagle.....................................4
Franck’s .............................  ^
Schener’s.............................. 6

CHICORY

66

CHOCOLATE 

Walter Baker & Co.’s.

German Sweet....................  23
Premium.............................  31
Breakfast Cocoa..................   46
CLEANER &  POLISHER

 

10 oz. box. 3 doz., per doz  .$1  35 
Qts  box, 2 doz., per doz ...  2 25 
Gal  box, 
doz., per  doz..  7 50 

Samples and Circulars Free. 

Sisal

Cotton  Victor

CLOTHES  LINES 
60ft, 3 thread, extra..  ... 
100
72 ft. 3 thread, extra.......   1 40
90 ft, 3 thread, extra.......   1 70
60 ft, 6 thread, extra.......   X 29
72 ft, 6 thread,  extra.................
J u t e
60 ft................................... 
75
72ft......  .........  
 
90
90 ft...................................  1 05
120 ft.................................   1 60
50 ft................................... 
80
6f ft.,................................ 
95
70 ft.'.................................  1 10
Cotton W indsor
69 ft...................................  1  20
60ft...................................  1 40
70 ft...................................  1  66
8 0 ft.................................   1  85
75
40 ft................................... 
50 ft................................... 
85
80 f t .................................  
95
Galvanized  W ire 
No. 20, each 100 ft long....  1 90 
No. 19, each 100 ft long....  2  10

Cotton Braided

COCOA

 

 

Cleveland.............................  41
Colonial, Vis  .......................  35
Colonial, Vis........................   33
Epps...............  
42
Huyler................................  46
Van Houten, Vis..................  12
Van Houten, V48..................  20
Van Houten, Vis..................  40
Van Houten,  is..................  70
Webb...............  
30
Wilbur, Vis..........................  41
Wilbur. Vis................... 
  42
COCOANUT
Dunham’s Vis...................  26
Dunham’s Vis and Vis......  26Vi
Dunham’s  Vis..................  27
Dunham’s  Vis..................   28
Bulk...................................   13

 

 

COCOA  SHELLS

20 1b. bags.......................... 
Less quantity.................... 
Pound packages...............  

2 Vi
3
4

COFFEE
Roasted

Teller Coffee Co. brands

No.  9...................................  9
No. 10...................................10
No. 12. .....................................12 vi
No. 14...................................14

5
Soda

Soda  XXX.......................   7
Soda, City.........................  8
Long Island Wafers.........  13
Zephyrette........................  13

Oyster

F a u st...............................  7v(
Farina..............................   7
Extra Farina....................  7U
Saltlne Oyster...................  7

Sweet  Goods—Boxes

Animals............................  10
Assorted  Cake.................  10
Belle Bose......................... 
g
Bent’s Water....................  13
Cinnamon Bar...................  9
Coffee Cake,  Iced............   10
Coffee Cake, Java............   10
Cocoanut Macaroons........  18
Cocoanut Taffy.................  10
Cracknells.........................  18
Creams, Iced....................  8
Cream Crisp......................  10*
Cubans................................   u  V4
Currant Fruit..................   12
Frosted Honey.................   12
Frosted Cream.................  9
Ginger Gems, l’rge or sm’ll  8 
Ginger  Snaps, N. B. C....  6Vi
Gladiator..........................   10*
Grandma Cakes...............   9
Graham Crackers................... 8
Graham  Wafers...............   12
Grand Rapids  Tea........... 
is
Honey Fingers.................  12
Iced Honey Crumpets......  10
Imperials..........................  8
Jumbles, Honey...............   12
Lady Fingers....................  12
Lemon Snaps....................  12
is
Lemon Wafers................. 
Marshmallow...................  
is
Marshmallow Creams...... 
is
Marshmallow Walnuts.... 
ie
Mary Ann.........................  g
Mixed Picnic.................... 
liw
Milk Biscuit......................  7V4
Molasses Cake.................  8
Molasses Bar....................   9
Moss Jelly Bar.................  1214
Newton.............................   12
Oatmeal Crackers.............  8
Oatmeal Wafers...............   12
Orange Crisp....................   9
Orange Gem......................  g
Penny Cake......................  8
Pilot Bread, XXX............   7Vi
Pretzelettes, hand made..  8Vi
Pretzels, hand  made.......  
8V4
Scotch Cookies.................   9
Sears’ Lunch.................... 
7 %
Sugar Cake.......................  
g
Shot Cream .XXX................ 8
Sugar Squares..................   g
Sultanas............................  13
Tuttl Fruttl.......................  16
Vanilla Wafers.................  16
Vienna CrlmD................... 
8
E. J. Kruee & Co. ’s baked good 

Standard Crackers.
Blue Ribbon Squares.
Write for  complete  price  list 

with Interesting discounts.
CREAM  TARTAR

5 and 10 lb. wooden  boxes...... 30
Bulk In sacks.......................... 29

D RIED   FRUITS 

Apples

Sundrled.........................  (33
Evaporated, 50 lb. boxes.7®  8

California Prunes

100-120 26 lb. boxes........  ®4
90-100 26 lb. boxes........  ®  4Vf
80 - 90 25 lb. boxes........  © 5Vi
70 - 80 251b. boxes........  © 5*
60 - 70 25 lb. boxes........  0  6Vi
00 - 60 25 lb. boxes........  0  /K
40 - 50 25 lb. boxes........  0  8X
30 - 40 26 lb. boxes........ 
9
California  F ruits

Vi cent less In 50 lb. cases 

0  8 Vi
8Vi

Apricots..................... 
Blackberries..............
Nectarines................. 
Peaches......................8  010
Pears...........................9Vi
Pitted Cherries...........
PrunneUes.................
Raspberries...............

Citron

Leghorn................................12
Corsican..................... 12*013

C urrants

California, 1 lb.  package....
Imported, 1 lb package.........evi
Imported, bulk...................   6
Citron American 10 lb. bx...i2Vi 
Lemon American 10 lb. bx..l3 
Orange American 10 lb. bx.. 13 

Peel

Raisins

London Layers 2 Crown.
I  85
London Layers 3 Crown. 
Cluster 4 Crown............  
2 50
6X
Loose Muscatels 2 Crown 
Loose Muscatels 3 Crown 
7V4
8
Loose Muscatels 4 Crown 
L. M., Seeded, 1  lb......   @  »Vi
L. M., Seeded, X  lb__  
8
Sultanas, b u lk ....................
Sultanas, package.............. 10*
FARINACEOUS GOODS 

Beans

F arina

Dried Lima.........................   6*
Medium Hand Picked 
2 10
Brown Holland........................2 25

241 lb. packages......................l #0
Bulk, per 109 Tbs.......................2 so

White House, X lb. cans......
White House, 2 lb. cans......
Excelsior, M. & J. 1 lb. cans 
Excelsior, M. & J. 2 lb. cans 
Tip Top, M. & J., I lb. cans.
Royal Java..........................
Royal Java and Mocha.......
Java and Mocha Blend.......
Boston  Combination...........
Ja-Vo Blend........................
Ja-Mo-Ka Blend.................
Distributed by Olney  & Judson 
Gro. Co.,  Grand  Rapids,  C.  El­
liott &  Co.,  Detroit,  B.  Desen- 
berg & Co., Kalamazoo, Symons 
Bros. &  Co.,  Saginaw, Jackson 
Grocer Co.,  Jackson,  Melsel  & 
Goeschel.  Bay  City,  Flelbacb 
Co., Toledo.

R io

Common..............................  8
F air...................................... 9
Choice.................................. 10
Fancy...................................16

Santos

Common..............................  8
F air...................................... 9
Choice..................................10
Fancy..................................13
Peaberry.............................. 11

Fair..................................... 13
Choice 
18

 

Maracaibo
 
Mexican

Choice..................................13
Fancy...................................17

Guatem ala

Java

Choice..................................13
African................................ 12
Fancy African.................... 17
O  G......................................25
P. G......................................31
Arabian..............................  21

Mocha
.Package

New York Basis.

Arbnokle............................10
Dll worth............................ 10
Jersey................................ 10
Lion...................................  9 a
M cLaughlin’s XXXX 
McLaughlin’s  XXXX  sold  to 
retailers  only.  Mall all  orders 
direct  to  W.  F.  McLaughlin A 
Co., Chicago.

E xtract

Valley City Vi gross............   76
Felix *  gross............................1 15
Hummers foil Vi gross........  85
Hummel’s tin Vi gross........1 43

CONDENSED  MILK 

4 doz In case.

Gall Borden Eagle...............6 40
Crown...................................5 90
Daisy.................................... 4 70
Champion............................ 4 25
Magnolia..............................4 00
Challenge................ 
4  jo
Dime....................................3 36
Peerless Evaporated Cream.4 00
Milkmaid...............................  10
TIP  Top................................3 86
Nestles.................................. 25
Highland Cream............„ ‘5  00
St. Charles Cream................ 4 50

 

CRACKERS

National Biscuit Co.’s brands 
Seymour........................... 
gu
New York......................... 
evv

B utter

Wolverine......................... 

j

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

77

9

Im p o rte d .

Japan,  No.  1.................5Vi©
Japan,  No. 2.................5  ©
Java, fancy head...........  ©
Java, No. 1....................  ©
Table........................... 
  ©

1 0

II

S E E D S

Anise..................................... 9
Canary, Smyrna.................... SVi
Caraway.............................   7M
Cardamon, Malabar........... 1  00
Celery..................................10
Hemp, Russian......................4
Mixed Bird............................4
Mustard, white.....................  7
Poppy....................................  8
Rape....................................   4
C u t t l e  B o n e ..................... 
.1 4
Handy Box, large..............  2 50
Handy Box, small............  1  25
Blxby’s Royal Polish.......  
85
Miller’s Crown  Polish..... 
«5
Beaver Soap Co. brands

. 
S H O E   B L A C K I N G

S O A P

. . .  

C om m o n  C orn

20 l-lb.  packages............  
40 l-Ib.  packages.............  SK

8

S Y R U P S

C orn

Barrels.................................27
Half bbls.............................29
10 lb. cans,  % doz. In case..  1  85
5 lb. cans, 1 doz. In case__  2  10
2Vi lb. cans. 2 doz. In case...2  10

P u r e   C an e

ie
F a ir .......................................... 
Good...................................   20
Choice................................   26

S T O V E   P O L IS H

J . L. Prescott & Co.
Manufacturers 
New York, N. Y.

No. 4,8 doz,In case, gross..  4  50 
No. 6, j*;doz in case, gross..  7  20

6

H om iny

P e a r l  B a r le y

Flake, SO lb. sack...............  90
Pearl,  200 lb. bbl..................5 oo
Pearl, loolb. sack................ 2 so
M accaron t  an d  V e r m ic e lli
Domestic, 10 lb. box............   60
ImDortmt. Mih. iwt. 
......  2  sr
Common..............................3 00
Chester.................................2 90
Empire................................. 8 65
Green, Wisconsin, bu.........
Green, Scotch, bu.................1 86
Spilt,  lb...............................   4
Boiled A vena, bbl.................6 40
Steel Cut, 100 lb. sacks__   2  76
Monarch, bbl........................6 to
Monarch, Vi bbl....................2 76
Monarch, 90 lb. sacks.......... 2 60
Quaker, cases.......................3 10

R o lle d   O ats

P eas

Walsh-DeBoo Co.’s Brand.

G rits

Sago

W heat

Tapioca

PISHING  TACKLE

Cases, 24 2 lb. packages...... 2 00
East India...........................  3M
German, sacks....................   3M
German, broken package..  4 
Flake,  lio lb. sacks............   4*4
Pearl, 130 lb. sacks..............  's \
Pearl, 241 lb.  packages...... 614
Cracked, bulk......................  3M
24 2 B>. packages.................2 60
H to 1 Inch...........................  6
1M to 2 Inches......................  7
lVi to 2 Inches...................... 
9
1% to 2 Inches.................... 
11
2 Inches................................   15
3 Inches................................   a)
No. 1,10 feet........................   5
No. 2,15 feet.........................  7
No. 3,15 feet........................  
9
No. 4,15 feet........................   10
No. 6,15 feet.........................  11
No. 6,15 feet.........................  12
No. 7,15 feet.........................  15
No. 8,15 feet.........................  18
No. 9,15 feet.........................  20
Small...................................   20
Medium...............................   26
Large....................... , ........  34
Bamboo, 14 ft., per  doz.......   50
Bamboo, 16 ft., per doz........  65
Bamboo. 18 f t , per doz.......   80
FLAVORING  EXTRACTS

Cotton  Lines

Linen  Lines

Poles

F O O T E   A   J E N E S ’

J A X O N

H ig h e s t   G r a d e   E x t r a c t s

V am ila 

1 oz full m. 1 20  1 oz full  m.  80
2 oz full m  2  10  2 oz full m  l  25 
No. 8 fan"v 8  in  Vo. Sfan’y  1  7F

Lem on

Vanilla 

2 oz panel..1  20  2 oz panel.  76
3 oz taper. .2.00  4 oz taper.. 1  50

Lemon

Folding  Boxes

Taper  Bottles 

O. C. Lemon 
D. G. Vanilla
2 oz......... 
75  2 oz.........   1  20
4 oz........   1 60  4 oz.........   2 00
6 oz.........  2 00  6 OZ..........  3 00
D. C. Lemon 
D. C. Vanilla
2 OZ.........  75  2 OZ......... 1  26
3 0Z.........  1  25  3 OZ..........2  10
4 OZ.........  1  50  4 OZ..........2 40
D. C. Lemon 
1). C. Vanilla
1 oz.........  66  1 oz.........   85
2oz.........1  10  2 oz........... 1  60
4 OZ.........  2 00  4 OZ..........3 00
2 oz. full measure, Lemon..  76
4 oz. full measure, Lemon..  1  SO 
2 oz. full measure, Vanilla..  90 
4 oz. full measure. Vanilla..  1  80

Tropical  Extracts

F u ll  Measure

F R E S H   M E A T S  

4* 0   7H

Carcass.................... 
Forequarters.........   6  © 6
Hindquarters.........   6  © 8
Loins.......................   8  ©14
Ribs.........................  7  ©12
Rounds....................  5H@  7
Chucks....................  5  © 5Vi
Plates......................  4 a© 5
Dressed...................  714©  H i
Loins.......................  9X0io
Boston Butts........
© 9*
Shoulders.............
I  8 »12
Leaf Lard.............

P o r k

Beef

Mutton

W heat

Veal
________  

GELATINE

Carcass...................   4*0
Lambs.....................   7  0  9
fll  »V4
f) vr'-a»«  .. 
6  
Knox’s  Sparkling........... 
1  20
Knox’s Sparkllng.pr gross  14 00
Knox’s Acidulated...........  1  20
Knox’s Acidulat’d,pr gross 14 00
Oxford.............................. 
75
Plymouth Rock...............   1  20
Nelson’s...........................   1  50
Cox’s, 2-qt size.................  1  61
Cox’s, l-qt size.................   1  10
Amoskeag, 100 In bale  ....  15*4 
Amoskeag, less than bale.  15X 

GRAIN  BAGS 

GRAINS  AND  FLOUR 

74

Wheat.............................. 

W inter W heat  Flonr 

Local Brands

Patents............................   4 25
Second Patent..................   3  75
Straight............................   3 SB
Second Straight...............   3 26
Clear................................  3  15
Graham...........................   3 4»
Buckwheat.......................  s 25
Bye...................................  3 00
Subject  to  usual  cash  dis­
count.
Flour In bbls., 25c per  bbl. ad­
ditional.
Worden Grocer Co.’s Brand
Quaker Vis........................   3 80
Quaker Ms........................  3 8J
Quaker Vis.......................  3 80

Spring W heat  Flour 

Clark-JeweU-WeUs  Co.’s  Brand
Plllsbury’s  Best Vis.........   4 60
Plllsbury’s  Best 14s.........   4  50
Plllsbury’s  Best Vis.........   4  40
Plllsbury’s Best Hs paper.  4 40 
Plllsbury’s Best V4> paper.  4 40 
Lemon A Wheeler Co.’s Brand
Wlngold  Vis....................  4  40
Wlngold  Ms....................  4 50
Wlngold  Vis....................  4  20
Ceresota Vis.....................   4 60
Ceresota Ms......................  4  to
Ceresota via.....................   4  40
Laurel  Vis.........................  4  50
Laurel  Ms.........................  4  40
Laurel  Vis.........................  4  so
Laurel Vis and Ms paper..  4  30

Worden Grocer Co.’s Brand

Judson Grocer Co.’s Brand.

Meal

Oats
Corn
Hay

Feed and  Millstaffs 

Bolted..............................  
t   70
Granulated.......................  a  80
St. Car Feed, screened....  23 00 
No. 1 Corn and  Oats...  ..  23 00
Corn Meal,  coarse...........  23 oo
Corn Meal, fine.................  22 60
Winter Wheat Bran.........  16  00
Winter Wheat  Middlings.  19 oo
Cow  Feed........................   18 00
screenings.......................  17  uo
Car  lots new....................  34
Corn, car  lots..................   63
No. 1 Timothy car  lots__o9  50
No. 1 Timothy ton lots__  12 00
Sage........................................ 15
Hops.......................................15
Laurel Leaves......................... 15
senna Leaves..........................26
Madras, 5 lb. boxes................66
S. F„ 2, s and 6 lb. boxes.........60
61b. palls.per doz........... 
l  f»s
15 lb. palls............................  43
301b. palls............................  80

INDIGO

HERBS

JELLY

LICORICE

Pure....................................  30
Calabria...............................  23
Sicily...................................   14
Root.....................................  10
Condensed, 2 doz..................l 20
Condensed, 4 doz.................. 2 25

LYK

MALTED  FOOD

MALT-OLA

Cases, 12 packages.............  1 35
Cases, 36 packages.............  4 05
Armour A Co.’s, 2 oz........  4  45
Liebig’s, 2  oz....................  2  75

MEAT EXTRACTS

40
36
26
22

MOLASSES 
New  Orleans

Fancy Open Kettle..........  
Choice..............................  
F air.................................. 
Good................................. 

Half-barrels 2c extra
MUSTARD

Horse Radish, l doz............. l 75
Horse Radish, 2 doz.............3 50
Rayle’s Celery, l doz............ 1 75

OLIVES

Bulk, 1 gal. kegs............   .  1  35
Bulk, 3 gaL kegs...............  1  10
Bulk, 5 gal. kegs...............  1  06
Man ¡omnia, 7 oz...............  
80
Queen, pints.....................   2 35
Queen, 19 oz.....................  4  50
Queen, 28  oz.....................  7 00
Stuffed, 6 oz...................... 
90
Stuffed, 8 oz.....................   1  45
Stuffed, 10 oz....................  2 go

8

PIPES

Clay, No. 216.........................l  70
Clay, T. D., full count.........  &e
Cob, No. r 
r

 

 

PICKLES
Medium

Small

Barrels, 1,200 count............8 oo
Half bbls, eoo count.............4 15
Barrels, 2,400 count............9  bo
Half bbls, 1,200 count......... 5 20
PLAYING CARDS
No. 90, Steamboat............. 
90
No. 15, Rival, assorted__  1  20
No. 20, Rover, enameled..  1  60
N5. 572, Special................ 
I  75
No  98, Golf, satin finish..  2 00
No. 808, Bicycle...............   2 00
No. 632, Tournam’t Whist.  2 26 

POTASH 

48 cans In case.

Babbitt’s ............................. 4 00
Penna Salt Co.’s...................3 00

PROVISIONS 
Barreled  Pork

Dry  Salt Meats

Smoked  Meats 

© 7%
© ilk
h
M
M
M
%
1
j
8M

Mess.................  
©if  75
 
©20 75
Back...................... 
Clear back............... 
020 51
Short cut................. 
021  00
P ig.......................... 
24 00
Bean........................   ©19 00
Family Mess Loin... 
21  00
Clear....................... 
©20 75
Bellies.....................  
12
13M
S P  Bellies...............  
Extra shorts............  
12
© 13
Hams, 12 lb. average. 
© 13
Hams, Mlb.average. 
© 13
Hams, 16 lb. average. 
© 12%
Hams, 20 lb. average. 
Ham dried  beef......  
©  12
©
Shoulders (N.Y.cut) 
Bacon, clear............   15  @  i6Vi
©  9M
California hams......  
©  18
Boiled Hams.......... 
© 13H
Picnic Boiled Hams 
Berlin  Ham  pr’s’d 
9H0 10
Mince Hams......... 
9Vi©  10
Lard
Compound...............  
Pure......................... 
60 lb. Tubs.. advance 
80 lb. Tubs.. advance 
50 lb. Tins... advance 
20 lb. Palls..advance 
to lb. Palls.. advance 
5 lb. Palls..advance 
9 iv  o»n,  advance 
Vegetole..................  
Sausages
Bologna..................  
Liver....................... 
Frankfort..................... 
P o rk ....................... 
Blood....................... 
Tongue.................... 
Headcheese.............  
Beef
Extra Mess..............
Boneless........................ 
Rump,New............  @200
Pigs’  Feet
175
M bbls., 40  lbs.........  
Vi,bbls............................. 
i bbls.,  lbs............  
7 so
Kits, 15  lbs.............. 
80
M bbls., 40 lbs......... 
iso
Vi bbls., 80 lbs.........  
3 00
Casings
P o rk....................... 
28
Beef rounds............  
6
Beef middles........... 
12
Sheen.....................  
86
Solid, dairy.............. 
012V4
Rolls, dalrv..................  
©13
Rolls,  puritr........ 
16vi
16
Solid,  puritr  .. 
... 
Corned beef, 2 lb__  
1   60
Corned beef, 14lb... 
17  6
Roast beef, 2 lb........ 
2 SO
Potted ham,  Ms......  
50
90
Potted ham. Vis......  
so
Deviled ham, Ms.... 
Deviled ham,  Vis__  
90
Potted tongue,  M>  - 
60
Potted tongue,  Ms.. 
90
RICE 
Domestic

Uncolored  B utterlne

s vi 09
8
9
SVi

canned  Meats

Carolina head....................... 7
Carolina  No. 1 ......................6Vi
Carolina No. 2......................6
Broken..................................33d

6
6 vi
0 8

Tripe

Sutton’s Table Rice, 40 to the 

bale, 2Vi pound Dockets...  TM

Best  grade  Imported Japan,
3 pound pockets,  33  to  the
bale.................................. e

Cost of packing In  cotton  pock­
ets only Vic more than bulk.
SALAD  DRESSING 
Alpha Cream, large, 2 doz.  .1  85 
Alpha Cream, large, 1 doz...i  90 
Alpha Cream, small, 3 doz..  95
Durkee’s, large, 1 doz..........4  15
Durkee’s, small, 2 doz......... 4 85

SALERATUS 

Packed 60 lbs. in box. 

Church’s Arm and Hammer. 3  15
Deland’s....................................3 00
Dwight’s Cow...........  ........ 3  15
Emblem....................................2 10
L.  P ..........................................3 00
Wyandotte, 100 Ms...................8 00

SAL  SODA

Granulated, bbls.................  96
Granulated, 100 lb. cases.... 1  05
Lump, bbls.........................  go
Lump, 146 lb. kegs...............   96

SALT

Diamond Crystal 

Table, cases, 24 3 lb. boxes.. 1  40 
Table, barrels, 100 3 lb. bags.3 00 
Table, barrels, 50 6 lb. bags .3 00 
Table, barrels, 40 7  lb. oags.z  75 
Butter, barrels, 320 lb. bulk.2  75 
Butter, barrels, 20 i4lb.bags.2 86
Butter, sacks, 28 lbs............   27
Rutter, sacks. SB lbs............  67
Shaker, 24 2 lb. boxes..........1  50

Common  Grades

100 31b. sacks............................2 25
60 51b. sacks............................2 15
2810 lb. sacks.......................... 2 05
561b. sacks.......................   40
28 lb. sacks.......................   22

11 75

66 lb. dairy In drill bags......   40
28 lb. dairy In drill bags......   20

3 28

56 lb. dairy In Unen sacks...  so 

Warsaw

Ashton

Higgins

100 cakes, large size............. 6  SO
SO cakes, large size............. 3 25
100 cakes, small size.............3 85
50 cakes, small size............. 1  95

JAXON

Single box............................ 3  •>0
5 box lots, delivered........... 3  15
10 box lots, deUvered...........3  10
Johnson Soap Co. brands—
Silver King.....................   3 66
Calumet Family.............   2 76
Scotch Family.................. 2  86
Cuba................................. 2  35

Jas. S. Kirk A Co. brands—

Lautz Bros, brands—

Proctor A Gamble brands—

Jap Rose........................   3 75
Savon  Imperial..............  3  55
White  Russian...............   3  60
Dome, oval bars..............  3 56
Satinet, oval....................  2 50
White  Cloud.................... 4  10
Big Acme........................  4  10
Acme 5c..........................  3  55
Marseilles.......................  4  00
Master..............................3 75
Lenox.............................  3  10
Ivory, 6 oz.........................4  00
Ivory, 10 oz.......................8  75
Schultz A Co. brand-
star...................................3  25
Search-Light Soap  Co.  brand. 
“Search-Light”  Soap,  too
big, pure, solid bars.......   3 75
A. B.  Wrlsley brands—
Good Cheer....................  4  00
Old Country....................  3  40
Sapollo, kitchen, 3 doz........2 40
Sapollo, hand, 3 doz................. 2 40
| Boxes.................................. 5 Vi
Kegs, English......................49i
Scotch, in bladders..............  37
Maccaboy, In jars...............   35
French Rappee. In jars......   43

Scouring

SNUFF

SODA

S U G A R

! Domino.............................  6 76
Cut Loaf....................................5 is
Crushed............................  5  16
Cubes................................  4  90
Powdered.........................  4 65
Coarse  Powdered............   4  66
XXXX Powdered.............  4  70
Flue Granulated...............   4  65
2 lb.  bags Flue  Gran____  4 75
5 lb. bags Fine  Gran........  4  70
Mould A............................  4  to
Diamond  A ......................  4 56
Confectioner’s A..............  4 40
No.  1, Columbia A...........  4 35
No.  2, Windsor A............   4 35
No.  S, Ridgewood A........  4  35
No.  4, Phoenix  A............   4  30
No.  5, Empire A..............  4 21
No.  0................................  4  20
4  j#
N "   v  
No.  8................................   4  10
0................................   4 0i
No. 10................................  4  00
No. 11................................   3  95
No. 12................................   3  90
No. 13................................  8 86
No. 14................................  3 80
No. 15................................  8  8C
No. 16................................   3 76

.................. 

 

T A B L E   SAUCES
LEA & 
PERRINS* 
SAUCE
The Original and 
Genuine 
W  o r c e s t e r s h ir e .

c a e  
Lea A Perrin’s, pints........  5 00
Lea A Perrin’s,  Vi pints...  2 76
Halford, large..................   3  7s
Halford, small..................   2  26

66 lb. dairy In Unen sacks...  so 

Solar  Rock

56 lb. sacks..........................   23

Common

Granulated  Fine.................  75
Medium Fine.......................  go

SALT  FISH 

Cod

Large whole...............  © 5M
Smail whole...............   ©  5
strips or  bricks.........  7  ©  9
Pollock.......................   ©  3Vi

H alibut.

Strips................................  12
Chunks....................... .. 
is

T rout

Mackerel

No. 1100 lbs......................   5 60
No. 1  40 lbs......................   2 50
No. 1  10 lbs......................  
70
No. I  8 lbs......................  
59
Mess 100 lbs......................   H  50
Mess  50 lbs......................  7  78
Mess  10 lbs...................... 
i  60
Mess  8 lbs......................  1  30
No. 1 100 lbs......................  13 t o
No. 1  50 lbs......................  7  00
No. 1  10 lbs......................   1  45
No. 1  8 lbs......................  1  19
No. 2100 lbs 
No. 2  61 lbs,
No. 2  10 lbs.
So  1  9 |V«
Holland white hoops,  bbl. 
Holland white hoopsVibbl. 
Holland white hoop, keg.. 
Holland white hoop mchs.
Norwegian.......................
Round 100 lbs....................
Round so lbs.....................
Scaled............................
Bloaters............................

H erring

W hite fish 

No. 1  No. 2

100 lbs...........7  75
60 lbs.......... 4 20
10 lbs...........  98
8 lbs...........  77

SPICES 

W hole Spices

■ er, shot.....................  

Allspice............................  
Cassia, China In mats...... 
Cassia, Batavia, In bund... 
Cassia, Saigon, broken__  
Cassia, Saigon, in roUs__  
Cloves, Amboyna.............. 
Cloves, Zanzibar...............  
Mace................................  
Nutmegs,  75-80................. 
Nutmegs,  105-10................ 
Nutmegs, 115-20................  
Pepper, Singapore, black 
Pepper,  Singapore, white. 
nre Ground in B ulk
Allspice............................  
Cassia, Batavia................. 
Cassia, Saigon..................  
Cloves, Zanzibar...............  
Ginger, African...............  
Ginger, Cochin................. 
Ginger,  Jamaica.............. 
Mace.................................  
Mustard............................ 
Pepper, Singapore, black. 
Pepper, Singapore, white. 
Pepper, Cayenne.............  
.................................. 

STARCH

12
12
28
40
55
17
14
SB
50
40
35
18
28
20
18
28
48
17
15
18
25
65
18
17
25
20
2r

Sundrled, medium......
..✓ .31
Sun dried, choice........... ....33
Sundrled, fancy...........
....43
Regular, medium.........
....31
Regular, choice...........
....33
Regular, fancy............
....43
Basket-fired, medium..
....31
Basket-fired, choice__ ....38
Basket-fired, fancy......
....43
Nibs.............................
....80
Siftings........................ 19021
Fannings..................... 20©22
Gunpowder
Moyune, medium........
....29
Moyune, choice...........
....38
Moyune,  fancy............
....53
Plngsuey,  medium....... ....28
Plngsuey, choice.........
....33
Plngsuey, f&Qcy............ ....48
Choice........................... ....ao
Fancy............................ ....36
Formosa, fancy............
....42
Amoy, medium............
....26
Amoy, choice................ ....82
Medium......................... ....27
Choice..........................
....84
Fancy............................ ....42
Ceylon, choice............... ....82
Fancy............................ ....42

English Breakfast

Young  Hyson

Oolong

India

T O B A C C O

Cigars

H. s  P. Drue uo.’a brands.

Fortune Teller..............
Our Manager....................  35 00
Quintette..........................  36  00
G. J. Johnson Cigar Co,’« brand.

8. C. W ..................................to  to
Cigar cuppings, per lb.....  m

K in g s fo r d ’s  C orn

40 l-lb. packages......... 
7 33
K in g s fo r d ’s S ilv e r  G loss
40 l-lb. packages...............   7  23
6 lb. packages............... 
8 33
C om m on  G loss
l-lb. packages..................   6
3-lb. packages...................  6Vi
6-lb. packages..................   8M
40 and so-Ib. boxes............   4
Barrels.............. ..............  4

7 8

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

We Are the Largest Mail 

Order House in the 

World—

W hy?

Because  we  were  the  pioneers  and  Origi­
nators  of  the  wholesale  mail  order 
system.

Because  we  have  done  away  with  the  ex­
pensive  plan  of employing  traveling 
salesmen  and  are  therefore  able  to 
undersell  any  other  wholesale  house 
in  the  country.

Because we  issue  the  most  complete  and 
best  illustrated  wholesale  catalogue 
in  the  world.

Because  we  have  demonstrated  beyond  a 
shadow  of a  doubt  that  merchants 
can  order more intelligently and sat­
isfactorily  from  a  catalogue  than 
they  can  from  a  salesman  who  is 
constantly  endeavoring  to  pad  his 
orders  and  work  off  his  firm’s  dead 
stock.

Because  we  ask  but one  price from all our 
customers,  no  matter  how  large  or 
how  small  they  may  be.

Because  all  our goods  are  exactly  as  rep­

resented  in  our  catalogue.

Because  we  supply  our trade promptly on 
the  first of every  month  with  a  new 
and  complete  price  list of the largest 
line  of merchandise  in  the  world.

______________  Because  “ Our  Drummer’’
is  always  “ the  drum­
mer on  the  spot.”  He 
is  never  a  bore—for 
he’s  not  t a l k a t i v e .
His  advice  is  sound 
and  c o n s e r v a t i v e .
His  personality  is  in- 
t e r e s t i n g   and  his 
promises  are  always 
kept.

H a v e   y o u   a   c o p y   o f 
o u r  A p r il  c a ta lo g u e ?  
I f   not,  w h y   n o t ?   Y o u  
can   no  m o re  afford  to 
do  busin ess  w ith o u t  it 
th an   y o u   can   w ith o u t 
a   y a r d   m easu re—one 
is  th e  m easu re  o f  the 
stu ff yo u  sell, th e o th e r 
a m easu re o f th e  p rices 
yo u   p a y .  A s k   fo r c a ta ­
lo gu e  J 4 4 2 .  
I t   costs 
y o u   n o th in g.

BUTLER  BROTHERS

230 to 240  Adams  St., CHICAGO

Consignments of all kinds solicited.  We make a 

specialty of handling  merchandise 
consigned  to us in bulk  to  be  dis­
tributed to various firms here and outside,  We will also act  as  brokers for 
you here.  Large storage warehouses, extra good facilities  and  prompt  at­
tention to all business,  Our many  years’  experience  enables  us  to  look 
after the business to the benefit of our customers.  Give  us  a  trial.  Write 
for full particulars and state what is wanted.  We can  help you.

Grand  Rapids  Messenger &  Packet  Co.

11-13  Canal St., Grand  Rapids,  Mich. 

Alex.  McLachlin,  Manager

|  T. W. Brown & Company |
^
^  
|
 
^
^  

Wholesale  Poultry, 
Butter and  Eggs 
Port  Huron,  Mich.

p  

F IF T Y -T W O   W EEKS

in  the year we are  in the market for Poultry, Butter and Eggs.

We are  paying this week:

^  
^   FOR SWEET DAIRY  PACKING STOCK  BUTTER,  I6c, f. o. b. shipper’s 
F   station,  Port  Huron weights  and  2  per  cent,  added  account 
p   shrinkage.  Pack your  butter in  parchment paper lined  sugar 

barrels  and  head with  wooden  head.

g   FOR FRESH GATHERED EGGS  (cases included)  19c,  f.  0.  b.  ship 

per’s station,  Port  Huron count and  inspection.

^  
f c :  Fowls. No. 1 
- 
►   Springs. No. 1 - 
K   Old Roosters  - 

For Poultry  Delivered  Port Huron:
- 
- 
- 

- 8c  lb. 
8c  lb. 
-4c  lb. 
Oucks fat, full feathered) 7% c lb. 
Geese (fat, full feathered) 7c lb.

Old Tom Turkeys 
ioc lb
Old Hen T u rk ey s...................................lie lb.
Young Tom Turkeys (over 10 lb. and fat) lie lb.
Young Hen Turkeys (over 8 lb. and fat) 11c lb.

- 

. 

- 

- 

Michigan shipments only.

^   We charge no commission or cartage  and  make  prompt  re- 
^   turns  upon  receipt  of  shipments.  Prices  are  quoted  for 
^  
^   We  refer you  to  First National  Bank,  Durand,  Mich.,  Jean, 
Garrison  & Co.,  New  York  City,  St.  Clair  County  Savings 

2
2
2
2
^   Bank,  Port  Huron.
<p-  If you  are  a carload  shipper let us  hear  from  you.  We  buy  2
2
^iUiUiUiUiUiUiUiUiUiUiUiUiUiiiiUiUiUiUiUiUiUiUiUiul
N O V .  17— U N S U R P A S S E D   P O U L T R Y   M A R K E T
We predict for Thanksgiving fancy turkeys will  sell, dressed,  I5@.i6.  Chickens,  13 ^ 1 4 .  Hens,  1 1
12.  Ducks,  I5@ i6 .  Geese,  I2@ i.v  Live turkeys,  I3@ I4-  Chickens,  I 2 @ i3.  Hens,  io@ i i .  Ducks, i>
13.  Geese,  io@n.  Should be short supplies 1  to 2c more would  be  easy.  Have  seen  seasons  when 
turkeys sold  iS@2o, others accordingly.  Buffalo will pay up  with  any  market  in  United  States  when 
she has to.

in carlots. 

For fancy (scalded)  poultry Buffalo will equal  any  market—no  exception—for  Thanksgiving  and 
Christmas.  We are not prophets, but predict, just the same, as we have safely for years, that  no  mar­
ket excels us on holiday poultry this season, because Buffalo has places for it.  First,  always  big  holi­
day demand;  second, the  canners  want  very  large  quantities;  third,  cold  storage  speculators,  any 
amount;  fourth,  live,  raffling  trade,  carloads;  fifth,  factory  proprietors’  trade—thousands  as  gifts. 
Hence no danger of poor results this  season.

Buy  conservative—better  sure  margin  on  moderate  shipments  than  loss  on  large  ones.  We 
assure unsurpassed service, promptness,  integrity, responsibility, conservative  quotations  and  we  be­
lieve an unexcelled poultry market, light freight, quick time, etc.

References:  New shippers to  old  ones  and  Western  shippers  to  Berlin  Heights  Bank,  Berlin 

Heights, Ohio, or Third National Bank, Buffalo;  or anywhere on demand.  Our 34th year.
BATTERSON  &  CO.,  159  Michigan  St.,  Buffalo,  N. V.

O LD

RELl*H B .L :

CIGAR

A tvVA y A 

B e s t .

L UBETSKYSROS. OetroitM ch. M m Ers

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

79

handle  wicker-covered  bottles  of  that 
sort  on  account  of  their 
liability  to 
break.

“ On  the  other  side  they  pack  big 
demijohns  like  that  with  cork  scraps,  or 
scraps  of  sponge,  for their  protection  in 
transportation.  Our  big  demijohns 
here,above  five  gallons,  are  made  in  the 
form  of  what  are  called  box  demijohns, 
the  bottle  being  incased  not  in  wicker­
work,  but  in  a  box,  or a  wooden  crate. 
For  that  matter  there  are  now  made 
many  box  demijohns  of  smaller  sizes  as 
well. ”

F r o s t  P ro o f O ranges.

The  Department of Agriculture has in­
vented,  or  rather  developed,  an  orange 
that  is  guaranteed  to  withstand  the  cold 
waves  that  have  so  many  times  dam­
aged  the  Florida  groves.  This  has  been 
accomplished  by  crossing  the  Japanese 
tri-foliate  orange,  an  ornamental  tree, 
with  the  common  varieties  successively 
until  a  fine  fruit  capable  of  enduring 
extreme  cold  has  been  produced. 
is 
announced  that  the  new  orange  can  be 
grown  200  miles  farther  north  than  the 
varieties  now  under 
in 
Florida. 
It  is  to  be  hoped  the  Depart­
ment  will  not  be  content  with  an  ad­
vance  of  200  miles.  Let  it  continue 
its 
experiments  until  the  traveler  may  view 
orange  groves  all  the  way  from  the  gulf 
to  the  Great  Lakes.

cutivation 

It 

The  rarest  of flowers  is  candor.—R a­

cine.

W A N T E D

We have a business  proposition  that  will  Inter­
est  ONE  reliable  young  man  in  each  city  or 
town.  Only a few spare moments  of  your  time 
necessary;  will not conflict with other work.
Send us five two cent stamps  for  full  particu­
lars at once. 
W ie n e r   B r o s .  &   C o .,
W h o le s a le   P r o d u c e , 25 J o h n  St., B o s t o n
Gas or  Gasoline  Monties  at 

50c on the Dollar

GLOVER’S WHOLESALE  MDSE. CO. 

Ma n u f a c t u r e r s ,  I m p o r t e r s  a n d  J o b b e r s  

Of GAS AND GASOLINE SUNDRIES 

Grand Rapids, Mich. 

/

5 “  “M arvel”
Can  Opener
Excels and outsells 
all others. Protects 
the hands from 
the tin.  Does 
not slip out of 
can when in 
opera­
tion.

Has the 
advantage 
over all others as 
it can be used  for 
other purposes than a  can 
opener.  8ells on  Sight.
Agents  Wanted Everywhere. 
Kalischer  Mfg.  Co., 

Cleveland,  0.

Things  W e Sell
Iron pipe, brass rod, steam  fittings, 
electric  fixtures,  lead  pipe,  brass 
wire,  steam  boilers,  gas  fixtures, 
brass  pipe,  brass  tubing,  watei 
heaters,  mantels,  nickeled  pipe, 
brass  in  sheet,  hot  air  furnaces, 
fire place goods.

Weatherly &  Pulte

Grand Rapids. Mich.

Feed  coolers 

steel  Tanks 
Steel  windmills

«Kilt FOR  PRICES

WIND  MILL  GO.

K«L«MftZOO.  MIGH.

Yon ought to sell

LILY  WHITE

“The flour the best cooks use”

V A LLEY   C IT Y   M IL L IN G   C O ..

G R A N O   R A P I D A .   M IC H .

Dutch 
Skat.es

C.  C. Wormer 

Machinery  Co.

Contracting Engineers and 
Machinery  Dealers

Complete  power  plants  designed 
and  erected.  Estimates cheerfully 
furnished.  Let us figure with you. 
Bargains in  second-hand  engines, 
boilers,  pumps,  air  compressors 
and  heavy  machinery.  Complete 
stock  new  and  second-hand  iron 
and brass and  wood  working  ma­
chinery.

Large Stock of New Machinery 

DETROIT,  MICHIOAN 

Foot of  Cass  St.

We  have  the  Largest 
Stock in Western Mich­
igan of

|

Sleigh  Runners 
Convex  and  Flat 
Sleigh  Shoe  Steel 
Bar  and  Band 
Iron

Send  us  your orders.

Sherwood  Hall  Co.,  Ltd.

Grand  Rapids,  Michigan 

■

■

Kent  County

Savings  Bank  Deposits 

exceed  $ 2 ,3 0 0 ,0 0 0

3 ^ %   interest paid  on  S av­
ings certificates  of  deposit.

The  banking  business  of 
Merchants,  Salesmen  and 
Individuals solicited.

Cor.  Canal  and  Lyon  Sts.

Grand  Rapids, Michigan

,^ r r r r n r r r T T T n

F.  M.  C.

COFFEES

Are going to be all the craze this season.  Just received 
a complete stock from the  Netherlands  of  genuine  hand  made,  imported, 
latest  styles  Dutch  skates  Order  some  now.  My own special  makes of 
Dutch skates are meeting with immediate success.  They meet a popular want 
and,  Mr.  Merchant,  if  you  have  not  ordered some, do  so now.  They sell 
well and allow you a good  margin.  Write for my  illustrated catalogue  and 
pricelist 

Free.

J.  Vander  Stel

Mfr. and Importer
33  Kent.  St.

Grand Rapids,  Mich.

I   The Woodhouse Co. 
fe  
£  
I  

Tobacco  and  Cigars 

Wholesale 

fc: 
x  
^  

Now open for business with com- 
plete fines in ail departments. 

33 N.  Ionia St., Grand Rapids,  Mich. 

1
2
3
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^
^
—5
^

D e m ijo h n s  an d T h e ir  M a n y   Uses  in T rad e.
Why  do  we  call  a  jug  in  a  wicker­
work  casing  or  box  a  demijohn?  That 
name  naturally  suggests  “ half-John," 
or  “ John  half  full,”   or somebody  or 
something  directly  or  indirectly  con­
nected  with  some  “ John”   and  liquor. 
But  demijohns  are  used  for  bolding  all 
sorts of  liquors—not  necessarily 
intox­
icants  by  any  means.

so 

signifies 

The  origin  of  the  word 

is  a  trifle 
it  from  the  French 
clouded.  We  get 
a 
“ demejeanne, ’ ’  which 
“ demi-john,"  just  as  in  our 
language. 
And  that  word  appears  to  have  been 
originally  a  corruption  or  an  “ accom­
modation,”  
“ Dame 
Jeanne,”   or  Lady  Jane—or else  to  have 
gone 
into  the  French  tongue  directly 
from  the  Arabic  “ damagan”   (a  demi­
john),  said  to  be  so  called  from  Dama- 
ghan,  a  town  in  Northern  Persia,  once 
famous  for  its  glass  works,  and  to  have 
been  the  spot  where  glass  jugs  enclosed 
in  wickerwork  were  originally  made.

called,  of 

in  the 
trades,  not 

So  much  for  the  name.  The  demi­
important 
johns  themselves  are  a  most 
liquor,  oil,  spirits  and 
article 
paint 
to  mention  other 
branches  generally  not  so  well  known. 
We  frequently  see  immense  vessels  of 
this  sort  standing 
in  front  of  liquor 
stores.  But  they  are,  of  course,  signs  or 
else  advertisements,  pure  and  simple. 
On  them  the  wickercase  is  woven  over 
a  bottle-shaped  or  jug-shaped  form  of 
wood.

From  a  dealer  in  glassware  it  was 
learned  by  a  New  York  reporter  the 
other  day  that  the 
largest  demijohn 
made  regularly  for  the  trade  has  a  ca­
pacity  of  only  five  gallons.  The  small­
est  holds  only  one  and  a  half  ounces,  or 
less  than  a  gill.  That  size 
is  used 
chiefly  for  perfumery  and  cordials.

“ Between  the  five-gallon  and  the  gill 
size,”   this  dealer  explained,  “ demi-. 
johns  are  made  in  many  sizes,  includ­
ing  quarts,pints  and half pints.  In  these 
smaller  demijohns  there  is  a  consider­
able  holiday  trade.  Demijohns  are  not 
very  costly,  anyway,  but  the very  small­
est  are  the  most  expensive  proportion­
ately.  A  gill  demijohn  sells  for  more 
than  one  that  will  bold  half  a  gallon,the 
simple  reason  being  that  the  little  one 
must  be  covered  with  care  as  to  its  ap­
pearance,  while  in  the  larger  sizes  the 
chief  thing  required  is  serviceability. 
So  the  basketwork  on  the  very  little 
demijohns  may  take  more  time  and  lots 
more  for  labor  than  that  on  a  demijohn 
some  sizes  larger.

1' Probably  the  first  idea  of  most  peo­
ple  would  be  that  the  demijohn  is  made 
solely  to  contain  liquor;  and  very  likely 
it  is  more  used  for  that  than  for  any 
other  one  purpose.  But  demijohns  are, 
in  fact,  used  for  many  purposes.  They 
are  used  for  vinegar  and  for  molasses, 
for  perfumery  and  for  bay  rum, 
for 
cordials  and  for  extracts,  for  essences 
and  for  waters,  and so  on,  in  housekeep­
ing  use  and 
in  the  drug  and  other 
trades.

“ Almost  all  the  demijohns  used  in 
this  country  are  made  here,  although 
some  are  imported  from  Germany  and 
France.  From  those  countries  also  we 
get,  containing  drug  importations,  some 
odd-shaped  demijohns  larger  than  any 
we  use 
in  this  country.  Here,  for  in­
stance,  is  a  French  demijohn  that  holds 
approximately  6y£  gallons. 
It  is  tall 
and  of  straight-sided,  cylindrical  form, 
and  carried  in  a  hamper-like  outer  bas­
ket, with  two  handles,  one  on  either  side 
at  the  top.  This  makes  a  nice-looking 
package  and  is  bandy  to  lift  and  carry 
like  to
around,  but  railroads  do  not 

80

M I C H I G A N   T R A D E S M A N

industry 

H o w  P in s , H o o k s  a n d   E y e s  A r e  H o w  M a d e
The  manufacture  of  pins  has  become 
in  the  United  States 
its  mills  practically  supply  the 

such  an 
that 
world  with  this  much-needed  articl 
and  yet  the  demand  is  by  no  means  . 
In  iqoo  the  75,000,000  peo 
small  one. 
pie  in  the  United  States used 66,000,  000 
gross  of  common  pins,  which  is  equal
9»500»000»ocx)  pins,  or  an  a v e r a g e _
about  126  pins  for  every  man,  woman 
and  child 
in  the  country.  This  is  the 
highest  average  reached  anywhere  in 
the  use  of  pins.  Ten  years  ago  we  used 
only  about  seventy-two  pins  apiece.

Figures  condensed  by  the  American 
Exporter  from  the  census  reports  di_ 
close  that  the  total  number of  pins  man 
ufactured 
in  the  United  States  during 
1900,  the  census  year,  was  68,889,260 
gross.  There  are  forty-three  factories 
in  all,  with  2,358  employes.  The  busi 
ness  has  grown  rapidly  during  the 
last 
twenty  years,  for,  although  there  were 
forty  factories 
1880,  they  produced 
only  half  as  much,  employed  only  about 
half  the  capital  and  only  1,077  hands. 
There  has  been  a  considerable  increase 
in  the  number  of  women  and  children 
employed  in  pin  factories  of  late  years, 
which  is  an  indication  that  the machin­
ery 
is  being  improved  and  simplified, 
and  that  its  operation  does  not  require 
so  high  an  order  of  mechanical  skill.

in 

Hooks  and  eyes  are  a  by-product  of 
pin-making  and  are  produced  at  most 
of  the  factories  from  material  that  wil. 
not  do  for  pins.  The  output  of  books 
and  eyes  in  1900  was  1,131,824  gross.

in 

is  practically 

Pins  and  books  and  eyes  are  turned 
out  by  automatic  machines 
such 
quantities  to-day  that  the cost  of  manu­
facture 
limited  to  the 
value  of  the  brass  wire  from  which  they 
are  made.  A  single  machine  does  the 
whole  business.  Coils of  wire,hung upon 
reels,  are  passed 
into  the  machines, 
which  cut  them  into  proper  lengths,  and 
they  drop  off 
into  receptacles  and  ar­
range  themselveB 
in  the  line  of  a  slot 
formed  by  two  bars.  When  they  reach 
the  lower end  of  the  bars  they are seized 
and  pressed  between  two  dies,  which 
form  the  heads,  and  pass  along  into  the 
grip  of  another  steel  instrument,  which 
points  them  by  pressure.  They  are  then 
dropped 
into  a  solution  of  sour  beer, 
whirling  as  they  go  to  be  cleaned,  and 
then  into  a  hot  solution  of  tin,  which  is 
also  kept  revolving.  They  here  receive 
their  bright  coat  of  metal  ?nd  are 
pushed  along,  killing  time,  until  they 
have  had  an  opportunity  to  harden, 
when  they  are  dropped  into  a  revolving 
barrel  of  bran  and  sawdust,  which  cools 
and  polishes  them  at  the  same  time. 
Because  of  the  oscillation  of  the  bran 
they  work  gradually  down  to  the  bottom 
of  the  barrel,  which  is  a  metallic  plate 
cut 
just  big  enough  for  the 
pins, but not  big  enough  for  the  heads  to 
pass  through.

into  slits 

and, 

Thus  they  are  straightened  out  into 
rows  again, 
like  well-drilled 
soldiers,  pass  along  toward  the  edge  of 
the  bottom,  and  slide  down  an  inclined 
plane,still  hanging  by  their  heads,  until 
they  reach  strips  of  paper,to which  they 
are  introduced  by  a  curious  jerk  of  the 
machine.  The  first  they  know  they  are 
all  placed  in  rows,  wrapped  up  and  on 
their  way  to  the  big  department  store, 
where  they  are  sold  at  from  five  to  ten 
cents  a  gross.  A  machine  is  expected 
to  throw  out several  thousand  gross  an 
hour.

Needles  are  made  by  a  similar  ma­
chine. 
In  1900 there  were  made  1,397,- 
533  gross  of  machine  needles,  212,689 
gross  for  shoemaking,  324,476 gross  for

ordinary  household  sewing  machines 
307,426 gross  for  knitting  machines,  a 
the  rest  for  other  kinds  of  sewing  and 
knitting  machinery,  generally 
fac 
tory  use.  We 
imported  $418,004  worth 
of  ordinary  needles,  most  of  them  from 
England.

for 

Hairpins  and  safety  pins  and  othe 

kinds  of  pins  are  manufactured 
similar  manner.  We  made  1,189,104 
gross  of  hairpins  in  1890.  Both  needles 
and  hairpins  are  manufactured  to 
greater  extent  in  Europe  than  plai 
pins.  Safety  pins,  however,  are  de 
cidedly  American,and  of  these  we  make 
on  an  average  1,000,000 gross  a year

AdTertlMmenta  w ill  be  Inserted  under 
tnls  head  for  two  cents  a  word  the  first 
insertion  and  one  cent  a  word  for each 
subsequent  insertion.  No  advertisem ents 
taken  for  less  than  85  cents.  Advance 
payments.

B U S I N E S S   C H A N C E S .

- 

pK)R  SALE—MEAT  MAKKET STOCK  AN*.
,  .  “ Hires,  slaughter  house,  horses,  wagons, 
sleighs, etc.. In  town  of  1,«» .Inhabitants;  good 
business.  Address No. 881. care Michigan Trades 
man. 
881
U»OR SALK—SAFE, WEIGHT  1,600 POUNDS 
Th asameTJas 
;  can  be  bought  at  a  bargain 
Address R. G. Burlingame. Hartford. Mich.  ¡.7«
ANTED—A  GOOD SECoND-HAND BUSS 
hotel  and  livery  use.  L.  L.  Pearce, 
Elsie. Mich. 
871
L^OR  SALE—SECOND-HAND  COMPUTING 
A  scales,  w. F. Harris. South Bend. Ind.  870
OPENINGS  FOB  BUSINESS  OF 
VA  all kinds.  New towns are being  opened  on 
the  Chicago,  Great Western  Railway.  Omaha 
f u s i o n .   For particulars  address  E  B  Ma- 
itm, Mgr,  Townslte  Department,  Fort  Hodge 
lowa. 
gg9
|X)R  SALE—STOCK  OF  GROCERIES, 
crockery, granlteware. etc.;  best  location In 
eity of 20.ou>;  doing $100 cash business a day;  all 
good class of trade;  chance  of  a  lifetime;  must 
sell at once;  gong to move  south.  E.  A.  Card 
ner, Manistee, Mich. 
868
i
® AL? r SSi ALL  STOCK  CLOTHING.
shoes and furnishing  goods;  invoices  about 
•50°;  stock new  and  dean;  in  town  of  about 
,200.  Address No.  867,  care  Michigan  Trades
m!in-____________ ______________ 867
WT^CANSKLL  'OUR  REAL  ESTATE  OR 
’ ’  business wherever located;  we Incorporate 
r 1  ot0ek  eomPanies;  write  us.  Horatio 
Gilbert & Company, 325 Elllcott Square.  Buffalo
866
MILLINERY  a n d  
knrt  «1 <Spn  f“rn,s.blngs;  Invoices between  $1.000 
f.“d  $1,200;  fine  location:  town  of  1,500  popula 
!*?“ • J?°od reason for selling.  Address No  865, 
care Michigan Tradesman. 
ggg
i'OR  SALE- 160  ACRES  OF  LAND.  SITU- 
, 
a‘ed In  best  farming  locality  In  Michigan 
fnaliSa68 
L*116 Odessa;  land and  build­
ings In excellent condition.  For  particulars  ad- 
dregg Mrs. E. Stuart, Clarksville. Mich. 
864
3ÄRTIES  LOOKING  FOR  BUSINESS
r£n°Si»H 8S wi u d.° W0U to correspond  with  Y. 
care Mlahlgan Tradesman. 
^ EST  YET.  FOB  SALE ON  ACCOUNT“0F 
other  business—An established  grocery  in 
the best city in the  Upper  Peninsula.  Will sell 
iln™ediate|y-  Stock about 
$1,200.  Corner  store  and.basement, 20x60 ’feet- 
glass  front.  Address  No.  876  care 
Michigan Tradesman. 
'  ¿7*
a  goo d g r o c e r y b u sin ess
a  
in a thriving Michigan city;  center of State- 
amount of business. #70  per  day;  s t S *   w ih  f t  
In»06 ArtiPr®1'6^-  t0 *2,0o° :  go®*1 reason for  sell 
man  Address  ^°-  87*>  «»re  Michigan  Trades 
man. 
W4
F ° A A AJA 7 Fi * E  sto ck  OF  GENERAL 
a   merchandise in  country  town;  postoffice in 
connection;  splendid  farming  country;  riLle 
about  #10.000  per (rear;  cheap rent;  or  will  sell 
controlling  interest  in  large  brick  store-  also 
hnnMCIH«of sPleljdld land, with residence.'ware- 
house.  barn,  coal  shed,  carriage  house,  etc. • 
Pffrdit;  store and residence both  lighted 
’  8b>ck  and  fixtures  will  Jn- 
*2’??0’  Prlce„ior residence and  land, 
$1,000,  will  sell  separate  or  together.  Reason 
for selling, poor health  Address, or  come  and 
see. A. L. Spafford, P.  M„ Chester. Mich 
8?a 
T7XCELLENT  DRY  GOODS  STOCK  FOR 
2   fln®  business;  stock  about 
S W   bxate*  twenty-five  miles  from  Grand 
5jPjd?»  would be  pleased  to  correspond.  Ad- 
dre8s At. care Michigan Tradesman. 
W A IT E D —MAN  WITH  #10,000  TO  PUSH 
'   ’  an  article  now  before  the  public-  it’s  a 
* J -  p“ ‘- ” *•
ftA   aURe s  IN  EMMET  COUNTY.  ONE 
P ^  ™Lle Md a  haIf from  Brutus,  unimproved, 
to  exchange  for  merchandise.  Address  Lock 
Box 280, Cedar Springs. Mich
Ji"0 - G 9 0 P   LOCATION  FOR  FIVE 

872

377

I ¡'OR  SALE —  GROCERY  BUSINESS— IN  

Michigan Tradesman°re  AddreSS  N a 
T O R -------------------
ill 
n<w« 
SrSD„iTerml  
M. Holmes, Sault Ste. Marie, lilch. 

Mlch - doinri#80,ono yearly;
aboul  ®3-000  Owner ha* other busl- 
3 ° ° *  security.  Address F
gg6

FOR  SALE—A  $2,000  sto ck  o f  ba za a r 
goods In a hustling  town  of  2,500;  best  rea­
sons for  selling;  correspondence  solicited.  Ad- 
dress No. 880, care Michigan Tradesman.  880
Ij«OR  8 A L E—DESIRABLE  RESIDENCE, 
brick  store  and  business  properties.  Ad- 
dress J.  S. Hoffman, Monroe.  Mich. 
863
SHOE STOCK  WANTED  FOB CASH WITH- 
In the next  30 days.  Address  No.  862,  care 
Michigan Tradesman. 
862
IpOR  SALE  AT  A  BARGAIN  IF  TAKEN 
at once—Nice, clean  stock  of  groceries.  In­
about $1.500:  brick building; rent $15per month; 
best town of  1,200 population In  Southern Mich- 
Further  particulars address  No. 860, care 
Michigan Tradesman. 

cluding fixtures and soda fountain.  WIU Invoice 

860

847

852

drugs.  Address  No.  847,  care  Michigan 
Tradesman. 

WANTED-TO  BUY  A  SMALL STOCK  OF 
I TOR  8ALE—STORE AND STOCK  OF  GEN- 

eral merchandise, situated at one  of  Michi­
trade  established;  store  runs  year round.  A 
money maker.  Investigate.  Terms cash.  Also 
farm of 240 acres,  "five  miles  south  of  Petos- 
key.  Good buildings, weU watered and  mostly 
Improved.  A bargain  for  cash.  Address A.  E. 
Hass, Walloon Lake, Mich. 

gan s  most  popular  summer  resorts;  a  good 

ipOR  SALE-STOCK  IN  UNITED  STATES 
Robe Factory.  Inquire  of  F. M.  Kllbourn, 
secretary,  Corunna, Mich. 
854
A N  UP-TO-DATE  RESTAURANT  AND 
TX  bakery, doing a profitable  business,  can  be 
bought right. Address B., care Michigan Trades- 
man;____________ _______ _________861

Mant Block. Grand Rapids. 

for  merchandise;  80  acres  muck  soil,  1% 
miles from town.  Address 321K Lake, Petoskey.

ket  or  other  business,  with  three  Uving 
rooms,  also  barn;  location  good  on  South East 
•  Grand  Rapids.  James Campbell, Room  6, 

HHOICK  FARM  FOR  SALE  OR  TRADE 
■O KENT $7—BUILDING FOR MEAT MAK- 
I ¡'OR  SALK -   GROCERY  AND  NOTION 
fpOR  SALE—HARDWARE  AND 

850
stock; good lively town  in  Southern  Michi­
reason  for  selling.  Address  Owner,  Box  193. 
Lawrence, Mich. 
IMPLE- 
ment stock In the  best  agricultural  district 
Address No. 846. care Michigan Tradesman.  8.6
Ij'OR  SALE OB EXCHANGE—$12,000 STOCK 
■A  of dry goods, shoes and  clothing  at  Mason 
Ia .  one of  the  best  towns  In  the  State. 
Will accept pan  in  good  real  estate.  Address 
No. 846, care Michigan Tradesman. 

gan; good location; will Invoice about $800;  good 

857

$55

843

ggg

8M

Mich. 

Jan.  1,  1903.  Address  F.  W.  Brown,  Ithaca, 
TOR  SALE—A  GROCERY  BUSINESS  IN 
Houghton, MX-h.; $75.000 to $100,000 business 
yearly;  $5,000 stock;  can  be  reduced  to $3.000. 
Address (#eo.  Williams, Houghton, Mich.  827 
'T'OR  SALK -   MEAT  MARKET  AND
slaughter house In connection; a  good  first- 
class trade and cash business; town  of  fourteen 
hundred  Inhabitants  and  the  only  market  In 
town.  Reason for selling,  have  other  business 
in latter place.  M. A. Mahoney, Box 246, Belle­
vue. Mich- 
F  YOU  WISH  TO  SELL  A  BUSINESS  OR 
any *>ind of real estate anywhere In  America, 
for  quick  cash,  give  description  and  price.  I 
will send free booklettelllng how It Is done.  No 
commissions.  Emerson De Puy,  Specialist. Des 
Moines,  la. 
¡TOR SALK—$3,000 GENERAL  STOCK  AND 
$2,50° store building, located In  village  near 
Gruid Rapids.  Fairbanks scales.  Good  paying 
business, mostly cash.  Reason for selling, owner 
has other business.  Address No  838, care Mich- 
lgan Tradesman. 
? o r s a l e =^;  n ic e ,  c l e a n   stock  o f 
hardware and farm Implements, tinner’s and 
pump tools, good  location,  good  business,  good 
reasons for selling.  Address Lock  Box 107, Hoi 
land, Minn. 
836
\ \ f  ANTED—EVERY ONE TO  KNOW THAT 
«   one  honest  commission  man  on 
earth.  What have you to offer?  A. M  Bentley, 
Saginaw, W. 8., Michigan,  Distributor of  -Best 
'"’ Record” Flour____________  
O R S A L E - O N   ACCOUNT  OF  I LL  
health,  long established  furniture  business 
finest town of7.000 in Southern Michigan; sold 
— discount If taken at  once.  Address  No.  816 
care Michigan Tradesman. 
jTOR  sa l e—a n e w  a n d  MODERN  FURN- 
—  iture deUvery wagon cheap  If  sold  at  once. 
Address  No. 8'7, care Michigan Tradesman  817 
ANTED—STOCK  OF  GENERAL  MER- 
chandlse  for  cash:  must  be  cheap  to  be 
removed.  Address  Rev&l,  221  Fifth  Ave..  Chi 
cago. 111. 
’ 819
1TOR  S A X E - A T   A  BARGAIN.  STEAM 
urJ nU1 ^  Kood running order, on  railroad. 
Will exchange for city property.  R. M. Grindley, 
171 Griswold St.. Detroit. Mich. 
ITOK SALE  OR  TRADE  FOR  A  STOCK  OF 
A  general merchandise—farm of 100  acres,  val- 
ned at $3.000;  mortgaged  for  #i,ioo;  located  In 
the northeastern  part of Ionia county.  Address 
No. 795, care Michigan Tradesman. 
795
W ^TK^O TEÄM _HEÄf_FÖB_CHÜRCH 
30x60,  with  basement  Box  8,  Benzonla. 
mien. 
pO R SA LE-TW O   BUSINESS  BUILDINGS 
A  m best location in town; cost  $3,800;  also  a 
stock of men s furnishing goods and shoes In first- 
class condition; will Invoice *3.000; if taken wlth- 
d*ys  both can  be  bought  for  $4,500  cash. 
Real estate will have a big advance  here  before
2S2.t a?Fri2*‘ .  .For Jf“r‘her  particulars  address 
Box 343, Manning, Mich. 

I TOR  SALE—DRUG  8TOCK  IN  ONE  OF 

the best business towns  In  Western  Mlchl- 

gan; mod chance  for  a  physician.  Enquire  of 

8H5

798

827

g3j

7g|

No. 778, care Michigan Tradesman. 

778

764

709

W  A N T E  p-QUICK  MAIL  ORDERS. 
tv  Overstocked;  must  keep  the factory  run­
ning;  telescopes, suit  cases,  whips:  low  prices 
For special discounts and Illustrated  descriptive 
list  address  Olney  Telescope  &  Harness  Co 
Box 155. Olney, HI. 

I ¡'DR  SALE—DRUG  STOCK AND  FIX-

tures;  only one in good prosperous  town on 
railroad;  good  business;  stock  about  $1,200- 
cash, no trades.  Address  George,  care  Hazel- 
tine & Perkins Drug Co.,  Grand  Rapids,  Mich.
«71
___ __________________________  
V j/ - A N T E D   F O B   C A SH —L U M B E R   O F   A Í7T
TV  k in d s;  also  shingles  and  la th .  W ill  con­
tract m ill cuts.  B elding-H all M fg. Co.,  Beldtng, 
M ien. 
F OK„h SALf-FiRST-CLASS.  EXCLUSIVE 
A  millinery business in  Grand  Rapids;  object 
for  selling,  parties  leaving  the  city.  Address 
Milliner, care Michigan  Tradesman. 

SAFE8-NEW   AND  SECOND-HAND  F TRW  

Md burglar proof safes.  Geo. M. Smith Wood 
«   Brick  Building Moving  Co.,  376 South  Ionia 
St.. Grand  Rapids. 
pM)B SALE-DRUG STOCK IAN D FIXTURE8. 
  Invoicing about $2,000.  Situated in center o i 
r
Michigan  Fruit  Belt,  one-half  mile  from  Lake 
Michigan.  Good  resort  trade.  Living  rooms 
over store;  water  Inside  building.  Rent,  $12 50 
per month.  Good  reason  for  selling.  Address 
No. 334, care Michigan Tradesman. 
334
T WANT TO BUY SOME KIND OF BUSINE8S 
a   and  residence  (not  connected);  what  have 
y°fitooffer?  Give  lull  description  and  price. 
t 
A-  M. Barron. Station A, South Bend. Ind. 
745
SOME  REAL ESTATE  IN  GRAND
A  Rapids.  Will  trade  for  a  stock  of  general 
merchandise.  Address  No. 751,  care  Michigan 
a raaesman. 
ÍLL  PAY  SPOT  CASH  FOR  STOCKS 
dry  goods,  boots  and  shoes,  hardware, 
rurnltnre or groceries.  Lock Box  74,  Ypsllantl. 
Mlct>-_______________  

716

71^1

507

321

Ha r d  to f in d - a   f ir s t   c la ss  d r u g 

store in city of 50,000 people In Michigan for 
saie.  Best of reasons for selling.  Address Mrs 
B., Room 801,377-9 Broadway, New York City. 694 
IfiOK  SALE  CHEAP—SECONDHAND  NO.  4 
,  A  Bar-Lock  typewriter,  In  good  condition, 
specimen of work done on  machine  on  appllca- 
| Hon.  Tradesman Company. Grand Rapids. 465

M IS C E L L A N E O U S

 

 

 

879

S45

boiler  nearly  new  for  $100,  If  sold  before 

F'DB  SALE—A  TWELVE  HORSE  POWER 

* ." • rthern Michigan.  Good  reason for selling. 
W A iT E D —A  REGISTERED  ASSISTANT 
i  ”
, Pharmacist, one who has had  at  least  one 
year s experience, and prefer one who has had  a 
! U“ !? experience in wallpaper  Correspond with 
G. T. Chamberlin. Hartford, Mich. 
W A? i . P - A   ,KO-  1  UKV  GOODS.  FUR- 
./  ’  nlshlng  goods  and  shoe  salesman.  Must 
be  steady  and  reliable.  State wages expected. 
Address P. O. Box 141, South Boardman, Mich.
_________  
875
PHARMACIST SI l UAIION  WANTED;  KX- 
f . .Per'enced;  references;  state  salary  paid. 
Address 856, care Michigan Tradesman. 
856
BY  EXPERIENCED  SALES- 
t T  man—Permanent position In general store:
Z SSSE S l   AddreM  ”
W an;t e i)  by  e x p e r ie n c e d   sa l e s- 
iady—Permanent  position  In  dry  goods
. 
oire6Mlnhlf».reni eSi f re«luired-  Address No. 818, 
care Michigan  Tradesman. 
ggg
ALESMKN,  IN  EVERY STATE, TO CAREY
a  side  line  on  commission  a i  article  of 
“
proved  merit  handled  by  druggists  grocers 
’a SSSSS 
generai  stores  and  feefiyd S K  
Glutrose Company. Camden,  N. J. 
MAN. TD  DELIVER  AND 
rk ,n  grocery  store.  Must  be of good 
character, a  worker  and  strictly  temperate*  a
eired^ n h ii0r ti e iJght man’  Address  No.  823* 
care Michigan  Tradesman. 
373
TUANTED — FIRST-CLASS  DRY  GOODS 
JJL   ™“ ior Northern Wisconsin;  good  salary

  B-  c” e

829

sm

Addre8S 

S  ®

WE

ARE Auctioneers

and  Special Salesmen

Sale.

and  can  reduce 
o r  c l o s e  o u t  
your stock with­
out one  cent  of 
loss  to  you  by 
our  New  Idea 
We take sales 
on  a  commis­
sion  basis,  al­
lowing  you  to 
set the price  on 
the goods.  This 
is the very  best 
time of  the year 
for sales ana we 
would  like  you 
to call on  us  or 
write at once.
Correspond­
ence  confiden­
tial.  We  buy 
and  sell  store

C.  C.  O ’N eill

fixtures or take them on consignment.

C .  C .  O’N E I L L   &   C O .,  C h ica g o , III.

3 5 6   D earb orn   S t ,   Su ite  4 0 8  S ta r  B u ild in g

(Cheney  &  Tuxbury

Real  Estate  Dealers

Timbered and  Farm  Lands  a  Specialty.

24  Canal  St.,  Graa^ Rapids,  Mich.

