<P_1,164>

<heading>

BOOK II . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,164.3)

Of the first twelve years of the reign of King Charles II , from the
year to the year 1673 . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,164.4)

CHAPTER 1 . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,164.5)

ENGLISH AND SCOTCH CHARACTERS OF THE RESTORATION .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,164.6)

</heading>

I divide king Charles his reign into two books , not so much because ,
it consisting of twenty-four years , it fell , if divided at all ,
naturally to put twelve years in a book : (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,164.8)

but I have a much better reason for it , since as to the first twelve
years , though I knew the affairs of Scotland very authentically , yet
I had only such a general knowledge of the affairs of England as I
could pick up at a distance : whereas I lived so near the scene , and
had indeed such a share in several parts of it , during the last twelve
years , that I can write of these with much more certainty , as well as
more fully , than of the first twelve . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,164.9)

I will therefore enlarge more particularly , within the compass that I
have fixed for this book , on the affairs of Scotland ; both out of the
inbred love that all men have to their native country , but more
particularly , that I may give some useful instructions to those of my
own order and profession , concerning the conduct of the bishops of
Scotland : (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,164.10)

for having observed , with more than ordinary niceness , all the errors
that were committed both at the first setting up of episcopacy and in
the whole progress of its continuance in Scotland , till it was again
overturned there , it may be of some use to see all that matter in a
full view and in a clear and true light . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,164.11)

As soon as it was fixed that the king was to be restored , a great many
went over to make their court : (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,164.12)

among these <P_1,165> Sharp , who was employed by the resolutioners of
Scotland , was one . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,165.13)

He carried with him a letter from the earl of Glencairn to Hyde , made
soon after earl of Clarendon , recommending him as the only person
capable to manage the design of setting up episcopacy in Scotland :
upon which he was received into great confidence .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,165.14)

Yet , as he had observed very carefully the success of Monk's solemn
protestations against the king and for a commonwealth , it seemed he
was so pleased with the original , that he resolved to copy after it ,
without letting himself be diverted from it by anxious scruples , or
any tenderness of conscience : (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,165.15)

for he stuck neither at solemn protestations , both by word of mouth
and by letters , of which I have seen many proofs , nor at appeals to
God of his sincerity in acting for the presbytery , both in prayers and
on other occasions , joining with these many dreadful imprecations on
himself if he did prevaricate . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,165.16)

He was all the while maintained by the presbyterians as their agent ,
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,165.17)

and he continued to give them a constant account of the progress of his
negotiation in their service , while he was indeed undermining it .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,165.18)

This piece of craft was so visible , he having repeated his
protestations to so many persons as they grew jealous of him , that
when he threw off the mask , about a year after this , it laid a
foundation of such a character of him , that nothing could ever bring
people to any tolerable thoughts of a man whose dissimulation and
treachery was so well known , and of which so many proofs were to be
seen under his own hand . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,165.19)

{COM:insert_helsinki_1}

<P_1,175>

The earl of Manchester was made lord chamberlain : a man of a soft and
obliging temper , of no great depth , but universally beloved , being
both a virtuous and a generous man . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,175.22)

The lord Robarts was made lord privy seal , afterwards <P_1,176> lord
lieutenant of Ireland , and at last lord president of the council .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,176.23)

He was a man of a morose and cynical temper , just in his
administration , but vicious under the appearances of virtue : learned
beyond any man of his quality , but intractable , stiff and obstinate ,
proud and jealous . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,176.24)

These five , whom I have named last , had the chief hand in engaging
the nation in the design of the restoration .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,176.25)

They had great credit , chiefly with the presbyterian party ,
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,176.26)

and were men of much dexterity . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,176.27)

So the thanks of that great turn was owing them :
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,176.28)

and they were put in great posts by the earl of Clarendon's means , by
which he lost most of the cavaliers , who could not bear the seeing
such men so highly advanced and so much trusted .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,176.29)

<P_1,177>

At the king's first coming over , Monk and Mountague were the most
considered (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,177.31)

They both had the garter . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,177.32)

<P_1,178>

The one was made duke of Albemarle , and the other earl of Sandwich ,
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,178.34)

and they had noble estates given them . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,178.35)

Monk was ravenous , as well as his wife , who was a mean and
contemptible creature . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,178.36)

They both asked and sold all that was within their reach , nothing
being denied them for some time ; till he became so useless , that
little personal regard could be paid him . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,178.37)

But the king maintained still the appearances of it :
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,178.38)

for the appearance of the service he did him was such , that the king
thought it fit to treat him with great distinction , even after he saw
into him , and despised him . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,178.39)

He took care to raise his kinsman Grenville , who was made earl of Bath
, and groom of the stole , a mean minded man , who thought of nothing
but of getting and spending money ; (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,178.40)

only in spending he had <P_1,179> a peculiar talent of doing it with so
ill a grace and so bad a conduct , that it was long before those who
saw how much he got , and how little he spent visibly , would believe
he was so poor as he was found to be at his death : which was thought
to be the occasion of his son's shooting himself in the head a few days
after his death , finding the disorder of his affairs ;
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,179.41)

for both father and son were buried together .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,179.42)

The duke of Albemarle raised two other persons .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,179.43)

One was Clarges , his wife's brother , who was an honest but haughty
man . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,179.44)

He became afterwards a very considerable parliament man ,
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,179.45)

and valued himself on his opposing the court , and on his frugality in
managing the public money ; (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,179.46)

for he had Cromwell's economy ever in his mouth ,
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,179.47)

and was always for reducing the expense of war to the modesty and
parsimony of those times . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,179.48)

Many thought he carried this too far : (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,179.49)

but it made him very popular . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,179.50)

After he was become very rich by the public money , he seemed to take
care that nobody else should grow so rich as he was in that way .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,179.51)

Another person raised by the duke of Albemarle was Morrice , who was
the person that had chiefly prevailed with Monk to declare for the king
; (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,179.52)

upon that he was made secretary of state . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,179.53)

He was very learned , but full of pedantry and affectation .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,179.54)

He had no <P_1,180> true judgment about foreign affairs ;
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,180.55)

and Albemarle's judgment of them may be measured by what he said when
he found the king grew weary of Morrice , but that in regard to him had
no mind to turn him out : upon which the duke of Albemarle replied , he
did not know what was necessary for a good secretary of state in which
he was defective , (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,180.56)

for he could speak French and write short hand .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,180.57)

Nicholas was the other secretary , who had been employed by king
Charles the first during the war , and had served him faithfully , but
had no understanding in foreign affairs . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,180.58)

He was a man of virtue , (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,180.59)

but could not fall in to the king's temper , or become acceptable to
him . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,180.60)

So , not long after the restoration , Bennet , advanced afterwards to
be earl of Arlington , was by the interest of the popish party made
secretary of state , (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,180.61)

and was admitted into so particular a confidence that he began to raise
a party in opposition to the earl of Clarendon .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,180.62)

He was a proud and insolent man . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,180.63)

His parts were solid , but not quick . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,180.64)

He had the art of observing the king's temper , and managing it beyond
all the men of that time . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,180.65)

He was believed a papist ; (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,180.66)

he had once professed it , (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,180.67)

and when he died he again reconciled himself to that church .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,180.68)

Yet in the whole course of his ministry he seemed to have made it a
maxim , that the king ought to shew no favour to popery , but that all
his affairs would be spoiled if ever he turned that way ; which made
the papists become his mortal enemies , and accuse him as an apostate
and the betrayer of their interests . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,180.69)

He was a man of great vanity , (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,180.70)

and lived at <P_1,181> a vast expense , without taking any care of
paying the debts which he contracted to support that .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,181.71)

His chief friend was Charles Berkeley , made earl of Falmouth , who ,
without any visible merit , unless it was the managing the king's
amours , was the most absolute of all the king's favourites :
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,181.72)

and , which was peculiar to himself , he was as much in the duke of
York's favour as in the king's . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,181.73)

He was generous in his expense : (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,181.74)

and it was thought if he had outlived the lewdness of that time , and
come to a more <P_1,182> sedate course of life , he would have put the
king on great and noble designs . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,182.75)

This I should have thought more likely , if I had not had it from the
duke , who had so wrong a taste , that there was reason to suspect his
judgment both-4 of men and things . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,182.76)

Bennet and he had the management of the mistress ,
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,182.77)

and all the earl of Clarendon's enemies came about them : the chief of
whom were the duke of Buckingham and the earl of Bristol .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,182.78)

The first of these was a man of a noble presence .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,182.79)

He had a great liveliness of wit , and a peculiar faculty of turning
all things into ridicule , with bold figures and natural descriptions .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,182.80)

He had no sort of literature : (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,182.81)

only he was drawn into chemistry , (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,182.82)

and for some years he thought he was very near the finding the
philosopher's stone ; which had the fate that attends on all such men
as he was , when they are drawn in , to lay out for it .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,182.83)

He had no principles either-1 of religion , virtue , or friendship .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,182.84)

Pleasure , frolic , and extravagant diversions , was all that he laid
to heart . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,182.85)

He was true to nothing : (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,182.86)

for he was not true to himself . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,182.87)

He had no steadiness nor conduct : (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,182.88)

he could keep no secret , nor execute any design without spoiling it .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,182.89)

He could never fix his thoughts , nor govern his estate , though then
the greatest in England . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,182.90)

He was bred about the king , (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,182.91)

and for many years he had a great ascendant over him :
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,182.92)

but he spake of him to all persons with that contempt that at last he
drew a lasting disgrace upon himself ; (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,182.93)

and he also ruined both body and mind , fortune and reputation equally
. (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,182.94)

The madness of vice appeared in his person in very eminent instances ;
since at last he became contemptible and poor , sickly , and sunk in
his parts , as well as in all other respects , so that his conversation
was as much avoided as ever it had been courted .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,182.95)

He found the king , when he came from his travels in the year 45 ,
newly come to Paris , sent over by <P_1,183> his father when his
affairs declined : (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,183.96)

and finding him enough inclined to receive ill impressions , he , who
was then got into all the impieties and vices of the age , set himself
to corrupt the king , in which he was too successful , being seconded
in that wicked design by the lord Percy . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,183.97)

And to complete the matter , Hobbes was brought to him , under the
pretence of instructing him in mathematics : (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,183.98)

and he laid before him his schemes , both-1 with relation to religion
and politics , which made deep and lasting impressions on the king's
mind . So that the main blame of the king's ill principles and bad
morals was owing to the duke of Buckingham . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,183.99)

The earl of Bristol was a man of courage and learning , of a bold
temper and a lively wit , but of no judgment nor steadiness .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,183.100)

He was in the queen's interests during the war at Oxford ,
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,183.101)

and he studied to drive things past the possibility of a treaty or any
reconciliation ; fancying that nothing would make the military men so
sure to the king as his being sure to them , and giving them hopes of
sharing the confiscated estates among them ; whereas , he thought , all
discourses of treaty made them feeble and fearful .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,183.102)

When he went beyond sea he turned papist ; (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,183.103)

but it was after a way of his own : (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,183.104)

for he loved to magnify the difference between the church and the court
of Rome . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,183.105)

He was esteemed a very good speaker : (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,183.106)

but he was too copious and too florid . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,183.107)

He was set at the head of the popish party ,
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,183.108)

and was a violent enemy of the earl of Clarendon .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,183.109)

<P_1,184>

Having now said as much as seems necessary to describe the state of the
court and ministry at the restoration , I will next give an account of
the chief of the Scots , and of the parties that were formed among them
. (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,184.111)

The earl of Lauderdale , afterwards made duke , had been for many years
a zealous covenanter : (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,184.112)

but in the year '47 he turned to the king's interests ,
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,184.113)

and had continued a prisoner from Worcester fight , where he was taken
. (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,184.114)

He was kept for some years in the Tower of London , in Portland castle
, and in other prisons , till he was set at liberty by those who called
home the king . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,184.115)

So he went over to Holland . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,184.116)

And since he continued so long , and , contrary to all men's opinion ,
in so high a degree of favour and confidence , it may be expected that
I should be a little copious in setting out his character ;
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,184.117)

for I knew him very particularly . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,184.118)

He made a very ill appearance : (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,184.119)

he was very big : (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,184.120)

his hair was red , hanging oddly about him :
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,184.121)

his tongue was too big for his mouth , which made him bedew all that he
talked to : (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,184.122)

and his whole manner was rough and boisterous , and very unfit for a
court . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,184.123)

He was very learned , not only in Latin , in which he was a master ,
but in Greek and Hebrew . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,184.124)

He had read a great deal in divinity , and almost all the historians
ancient and modern : so that he had great materials .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,184.125)

He had with these an extraordinary memory , and a copious but
unpolished expression . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,184.126)

He was a man , as the duke of Buckingham called him to me , of a
blundering understanding , not always clear , but often clouded , as
his looks were always . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,184.127)

He was haughty beyond expression ; abject to those he saw he must stoop
to , but imperious and insolent and brutal to all others .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,184.128)

He had a violence of passion that carried him often to fits like
madness , in which he had no temper . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,184.129)

If he took a thing <P_1,185> wrong , it was a vain thing to study to
convince him : (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,185.130)

that would rather provoke him to swear he would never be of another
mind : (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,185.131)

he was to be let alone , (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,185.132)

and then perhaps he would have forgot what he had said , and come about
of his own accord . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,185.133)

He was the coldest friend and the violentest enemy I ever knew :
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,185.134)

I felt it too much not to know it . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,185.135)

He at first seemed to despise wealth : (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,185.136)

but he delivered himself up afterwards to luxury and sensuality
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,185.137)

and by that means he ran into a vast expense ,
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,185.138)

and stuck at nothing that was necessary to support that .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,185.139)

In his long imprisonment he had great impressions of religion on his
mind : (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,185.140)

but he wore these out so entirely that scarce any trace of them was
left . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,185.141)

His great experience in affairs , his ready compliance with every thing
that he thought would please the king , and his bold offering at the
most desperate counsels , gained him such an interest in the king ,
that no attempt against him , nor complaint of him , could ever shake
it , till a decay of strength and understanding forced him to let go
his hold . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,185.142)

He was in his principles much against popery and arbitrary government :
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,185.143)

and yet , by a fatal train of passions and interests , he made way for
the former , (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,185.144)

and had almost established the latter . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,185.145)

And , whereas some by a smooth deportment make the first beginnings of
tyranny less unacceptable and discernable , he , by the fury of his
behaviour , heightened the severity of his ministry , which was liker
the cruelty of an inquisition than the legality of justice , not to say
mercy . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,185.146)

With all this he was at first a Presbyterian ,
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,185.147)

and retained his aversion to king Charles I . and his party to his
death . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,185.148)

<P_1,186>

The earl of Crawford had been his fellow prisoner for ten years ,
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,186.150)

and that was a good title for maintaining him in the post he had before
, of being lord treasurer . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,186.151)

He was a sincere but weak man , passionate and indiscreet ,
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,186.152)

and continued still a zealous prebyterian . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,186.153)

The earl , afterwards duke , of Rothes , had married his daughter ,
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,186.154)

and had the merit of a long imprisonment likewise to recommend him :
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,186.155)

he had a ready dexterity in the management of affairs , with a soft and
insinuating address : (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,186.156)

he had a quick apprehension with a clear judgment :
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,186.157)

he had no advantage of education , no sort of literature ,
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,186.158)

nor had he travelled abroad : (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,186.159)

all in him was mere nature , (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,186.160)

but it $was nature very much depraved ; (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,186.161)

for he seemed to have freed himself from all the impressions of virtue
or religion , of honour or good nature . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,186.162)

He delivered himself , without either restraint or decency , to all the
pleasure of wine and women . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,186.163)

He had but one maxim , to which he adhered firmly ,
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,186.164)

that was to do every thing , and deny himself in nothing , that might
maintain his greatness , or gratify his appetites .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,186.165)

He was unhappily made for drunkenness ; (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,186.166)

for as he drank all his friends dead , and was able to subdue two or
three sets <P_1,187> of drunkards one after another , so it scarce ever
appeared that he was disordered ; (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,187.167)

and after the greatest excesses , an hour or two of sleep carried them
off so entirely that no sign of them remained :
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,187.168)

he would go about business without any uneasiness , or discovering any
heat either-1 in body or mind . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,187.169)

This had a terrible conclusion ; (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,187.170)

for after he had killed all his friends , he fell at last under such a
weakness of stomach , that he had perpetual cholics , when he was not
hot within and full of strong liquor , of which he was presently seized
; so that he was always either sick or drunk .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,1,187.171)

{COM:insert_helsinki_2}

<P_2,165>

The session of parliament was to be opened within three days :
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,165.174)

and it may be easily imagined in what a temper they met .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,165.175)

The court party were out of countenance : so the country party were
masters this session . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,165.176)

All Oates's evidence was now so well believed , that it was not safe
for any man to seem to doubt of any part of it .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,165.177)

He thought he had the nation in his hands , (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,165.178)

and was swelled up to a high pitch of vanity and insolence .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,165.179)

And now he made a new edition of his discovery at the bar of the house
of commons . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,165.180)

He said the pope had declared that England was his kingdom , and that
he had sent over commissions to several persons : and had by these made
Arundel of Wardour chancellor , Powys treasurer , sir William Godolphin
, then in Spain , privy seal , Coleman secretary of state , Bellasys
general , Petre lieutenant general , Ratcliffe major <P_2,166> general
, Stafford paymaster general , and Langhorn advocate general ; besides
many other commissions for subaltern officers .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,166.181)

These he said he saw in Langhorn's chamber ; and that he had delivered
out many of them himself , and saw many more delivered by others .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,166.182)

And he now swore , upon his own knowledge , that both Coleman and
Wakeman were in the plot ; that Coleman had given eighty guineas to
four ruffians , that went to Windsor last summer , to stab the king ;
that Wakeman had undertaken to poison him , for which <font> l. </font>
was offered him , but that he got the price raised to <font> l. </font>
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,166.183)

He excused his not knowing them , when confronted with them ; that he
was then so spent by a long examination , and by not sleeping for two
nights , that he was not then master of himself ; though it seemed very
strange that he should then have forgot that which he made now the main
part of his evidence : and should have then objected only reports upon
hearsay , when he had now such matter against them , as he said , upon
his own knowledge : (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,166.184)

and it seemed not very congruous , that those who went to stab the king
had but twenty guineas apiece , when Wakeman was to have <font> l.
</font> for a safer way of killing him . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,166.185)

Many other things in the discovery made it seem ill digested and not
credible . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,166.186)

Bellasys was almost perpetually ill of the gout .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,166.187)

Petre was a weak man , (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,166.188)

and had never any military command . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,166.189)

Ratcliffe was a man that lived in great state in the north ,
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,166.190)

and had not stirred from home all the last summer .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,166.191)

Oates also swore he delivered a commission to be a colonel in May last
to Howard , Carlisle's brother , that had married the duchess of
Richmond . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,166.192)

But a friend of mine told me he was all that month at Bath , lodged in
the same house with Howard , with whom he was every day engaged at play
: (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,166.193)

he was then miserably ill of the gout , of which he died soon after .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,166.194)

Oates did also charge general Lambert as one engaged in the design ,
who was to have a great post when <P_2,167> set at liberty .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,167.195)

But he had been kept in prison ever since the restoration ,
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,167.196)

and by that time had lost his memory and sense .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,167.197)

It was thought strange that since Oates had so often said , what I once
heard him say , that he had gone in among them on design to betray them
, that he had not kept any one of all these commissions to be a real
proof in support of his evidence . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,167.198)

He had also said to the king , that whereas others ventured their lives
to serve him , he had ventured his soul to serve him :
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,167.199)

and yet he did suffer the four ruffians to go to Windsor to kill him ,
without giving him any notice of his danger .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,167.200)

These were characters strong enough to give suspicion , if Coleman's
letters and Godfrey's murder had not seemed such authentic
confirmations , as left no room to doubt of any thing .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,167.201)

Tillotson indeed told me , that Langhorn's wife , who was still as
zealous a protestant as he was a papist , came oft to him , and gave
him notice of every thing she could discover among them ; though she
continued a faithful and dutiful wife to the last minute of her
husband's life . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,167.202)

Upon the first breaking out of the plot , before Oates had spoke a word
of commissions , or had accused Langhorn , she engaged her son into
some discourse upon those matters , who was a hot indiscreet papist .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,167.203)

He said their designs were so well laid , it was impossible they could
miscarry : and that his father would be one of the greatest men of
England , for he had seen a commission from the pope constituting him
advocate general . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,167.204)

This he told me in Stillingfleet's hearing .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,167.205)

The earl of Shaftesbury had got out of the Tower in the former session
, upon his submission , to which it was not easy to bring him ;
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,167.206)

but when he saw an army raised , he had no mind to lie longer in prison
. (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,167.207)

The matter bore a long <P_2,168> debate , the motion he had made in the
king's bench being urged much against him . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,168.208)

But a submission always take {COM:sic} off a contempt :
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,168.209)

so he got out . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,168.210)

And now the duke of Buckingham and he , with the lords of Essex and
Halifax , were the governing men among the lords .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,168.211)

Many hard things were said against the duke ;
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,168.212)

yet when they tried to carry an address to be made to the king to send
him away from court , the majority was against them .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,168.213)

While things were thus in a ferment at London , Bedloe delivered
himself to the magistrates of Bristol , pretending he knew the secret
of Godfrey's murder : (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,168.214)

so he was sent up to London . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,168.215)

The king told me that when the secretary examined him in his presence ,
at his first coming he said he knew nothing of the plot ; but that he
had heard men were to come over from Spain , who were to meet as
pilgrims at St. Jago's , and were to be shipped for England but he knew
nothing of any fleet that was to bring them over .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,168.216)

So this was looked on as very extravagant . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,168.217)

But he said he had seen Godfrey's body at Somerset house ; and that he
was offered <font> l. </font> by a servant of the lord Bellasys to
assist in carrying it away : (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,168.218)

but upon that he had gone out of town to Bristol , where he was so
pursued with horror that it forced him to discover it .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,168.219)

Bedloe had led a very vicious life . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,168.220)

He had gone by many false names , by which he had cheated many persons
. (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,168.221)

He had gone over many parts of France and Spain as a man of quality ,
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,168.222)

and he had made a shift to live on his wits , or rather by his cheats :
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,168.223)

so a tenderness of conscience did not seem to be that to <P_2,169>
which he was much subject . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,169.224)

But the very next day after this , when he was brought to the bar of
the house of lords , he made a full discovery of his knowledge of the
plot , and of the lords in the Tower : (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,169.225)

for all those against whom Oates had informed were now prisoners .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,169.226)

The king was upon this convinced that some had been with Bedloe after
he had been before him , who had instructed him in this narration , of
which he had said the night before that he knew nothing :
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,169.227)

and yet he now not only confirmed the main parts of Oates's discovery ,
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,169.228)

but added a great deal to them . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,169.229)

And he now pretended that his rambling over so many places of Europe
was all in order to the carrying out this design ; that he was trusted
with the secret , and had opened many of the letters which he was
employed to carry . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,169.230)

Here were now two witnesses to prove the plot , as far as swearing
could prove it . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,169.231)

And among the papers of the Jesuits , that were seized on when they
were clapt up , two letters were found that seemed to confirm all .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,169.232)

One from Rome mentioned the sending over the patents , of which it was
said in the letter that they guessed the contents , though their
patrons there carried their matters so secretly , that nothing was
known but as they thought fit . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,169.233)

The Jesuits , when examined upon this , said these were only patents
with relation to the offices in their order .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,169.234)

Another letter was writ to a Jesuit in the country , citing him to come
to London by the 24th of April ; which was the day in which Oates swore
they held their consult , and that fifty of them had signed the
resolution of killing the king , which was to be executed by Grove and
Pickering . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,169.235)

Now in the end of that letter it was added , ' I need not enjoin
secrecy , (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,169.236)

for the nature of the thing requires it . ' (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,169.237)

When the Jesuit was examined to this , he said it was a summons for a
meeting according to the rule of their order :
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,169.238)

and they being to meet during the sitting of the parliament , that
<P_2,170> was the particular reason for enjoining secrecy .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,170.239)

Yet , while men's minds were strongly prepossessed , these answers did
not satisfy , (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,170.240)

but were thought only shifts . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,170.241)

At this time Carstares , of whose behaviour in Scotland mention has
been made , not having met with those rewards that he expected , came
up to London , to accuse duke Lauderdale , as designing to keep up the
opposition that was made to the laws in Scotland , even at the time
that he seemed to prosecute conventicles with the greatest fury ;
because he had often drawn the chief of their teachers into such snares
, that upon the advertisements that he gave they might have been taken
; but that duke Lauderdale had neglected it :
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,170.242)

so he saw he had a mind that conventicles should go on at the same time
that he was putting the country in such a flame to punish them .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,170.243)

This he undertook to prove by those witnesses of whom on other
occasions he had made use . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,170.244)

He also confessed the false date of that warrant upon which Baillie had
been censured . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,170.245)

He put all this in writing , (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,170.246)

and gave it to the marquess of Athol , (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,170.247)

and pressed him to carry him to duke Hamilton and the earl of
Kincardine , that he might beg their pardon , and be assured of their
favour . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,170.248)

I was against the making use of so vile a man ,
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,170.249)

and would have nothing to do with him . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,170.250)

He made his application to lord Cavendish , and to some of the house of
commons , to whom I gave such a character of him that they would see
him no more . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,170.251)

While he was thus looking about to see where he could find a lucky
piece of villainy , he happened to go into an eating-house in Covent
Garden , that was over against the <P_2,171> shop of one Staley , the
popish banker , who had been in great credit , but was then under some
difficulties ; (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,171.252)

for all his creditors came to call for their money .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,171.253)

Staley happening to be in the next room to Carstares and his company ,
Carstares pretended he heard him say in French , that the king was a
rogue , and persecuted the people of God ; and that he himself would
stab him if nobody else would . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,171.254)

The words were writ down , which he resolved to swear against him .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,171.255)

So next morning they went to him , (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,171.256)

and told him what they would swear against him ,
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,171.257)

and asked a sum of money of him . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,171.258)

He was in much anxiety , (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,171.259)

and saw great danger on both hands : (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,171.260)

yet he chose rather to leave himself to their malice , than be preyed
on by them . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,171.261)

So he was seized on , (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,171.262)

and they swore the words against him : (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,171.263)

and he was appointed to be tried within five days .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,171.264)

When I heard who the witnesses were , I thought I was bound to do what
I could to stop it . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,171.265)

So I sent both to the lord chancellor and to the attorney general , to
let them know what profligate wretches these witnesses were .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,171.266)

Jones , the attorney general , took this ill of me , that I should
disparage the king's evidence . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,171.267)

The thing grew public , (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,171.268)

and raised great clamour against me . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,171.269)

It was said I was taking this method to get into favour at court .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,171.270)

I had likewise observed to several persons of weight , how many
incredible things there were in the evidence that was given .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,171.271)

I wished they would make use of the heat the nation was in to secure us
effectually from popery : (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,171.272)

we saw certain evidence to carry us so far , as to graft that upon it :
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,171.273)

but I wished they would not run too hastily to the taking men's lives
upon such testimonies . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,171.274)

Lord Holles had more temper than I expected from a man of his heat .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,171.275)

Lord Halifax was of the same mind . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,171.276)

But the earl of Shaftesbury could not bear the discourse .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,171.277)

He said we must support the evidence , and that all those who
undermined the credit of the witnesses <P_2,172> were to be looked on
as public enemies . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,172.278)

And so inconstant a thing is popularity , that I was then most bitterly
railed at by those who seemed formerly to put some confidence in me .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,172.279)

It went so far that I was advised by some not to stir abroad for fear
of public affronts . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,172.280)

But these things did not daunt me . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,172.281)

Staley was brought to his trial , which did not hold long .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,172.282)

The witnesses gave a full evidence against him ,
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,172.283)

and he had nothing to offer to take away their credit .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,172.284)

He only shewed how improbable it was , that in a public house he should
talk such things with so loud a voice as to be heard in the next room ,
in a quarter of the town where almost every body understood French .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,172.285)

He was cast : (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,172.286)

and prepared himself very seriously for death .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,172.287)

Dr. Lloyd went to see him in prison . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,172.288)

He was offered his life if he would discover their plots :
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,172.289)

he protested he knew of none , and that he had not said the words sworn
against him , nor any thing to that purpose .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,172.290)

And thus he died , the first of those who suffered on the account of
the plot . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,172.291)

Duke Lauderdale , having heard how I had moved in this matter , railed
at me with open mouth , (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,172.292)

and said I had studied to save Staley , for the liking I had to any
that would murder the king : (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,172.293)

and he infused this so into the king ; that he repeated it in the house
of lords to a company that were standing about him .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,172.294)

Yet so soon could he turn to make use $of a man whom <P_2,173> he had
censured so unmercifully , that two days after this he sent the earl of
Dumbarton , that was a papist , and had been bred in France , but was
duke Hamilton's brother , to me , to desire me to come to him secretly
, (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,173.295)

for he had a mind to talk with me . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,173.296)

He said he believed I could do him service , if I had a mind to it :
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,173.297)

and the see of Chichester being then void , he said he would not
dispose of it till he saw whether I would deserve it or not .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,173.298)

I asked , if he fancied I would be a spy , or betray any body to him .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,173.299)

But he undertook to me that the king should ask me no questions , but
should in all things leave me to my liberty .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,173.300)

An accident fell in , before I went to him , which took off much from
Oates's credit . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,173.301)

When he was examined by the house of lords , and had made the same
narrative to them that he had offered to the commons , they asked him
if he had now named all the persons whom he knew to be involved in the
plot ? (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,173.302)

He said there might be some inferior persons , whom he had perhaps
forgot , but he had named all the persons of note .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,173.303)

Yet he , it seems , afterwards bethought himself :
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,173.304)

and Mrs. Elliot , wife to Elliot of the bedchamber , came to the king ,
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,173.305)

and told him Oates had somewhat to swear against the queen , if he
would give way to it . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,173.306)

The king was willing to give Oates line enough , as <P_2,174> he
expressed it to me , (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,174.307)

and seemed to give way to it . (BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,174.308)

So he came out with a new story : that the queen sent for some Jesuits
to Somerset house , and that he went along with them , but stayed at
the door when they went in ; where he heard one , in a woman's voice ,
expressing her resentments of the usage she had met with , and assuring
them she would assist them in taking off the king :
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,174.309)

upon that he was brought in , and presented to her ,
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,174.310)

and there was then no other woman in the room but she .
(BURNETCHA-E3-P1,2,174.311)