TAYLORS TRAVELS , THREE WEEKES , THREE DAYES , AND THREE HOURES OBSERUATIONS , FROM LONDON TO HAMBURGH IN GERMANIE . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,77.C1.3) Amongst Iewes and Gentiles , with Descriptions of Townes and Towers , Castles and Cittadels , artificiall Gallowses , Naturall Hangmen : (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,77.C1.5) And Dedicated for the present to the absent Odcombian Knight Errant , S=r=. Thomas Coriat , Great Brittaines Error , and the worlds Mirror . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,77.C1.6) Upon Saturday the 17. of August , 1616. after I had taken leaue of some friends that would hardly giue me leaue to leaue them I was associated with fiue or sixe courteous Comrades to the Hauen of Billingsgate , where I was no sooner come , but I was shipt in a wherry for the Port of Grauesend , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,77.C1.7) and hauing two Women and three Men in my company thither , wee past the way away by telling tales by turnes . Where one of the women tooke upon her very Logically to defend the honestie of Brokers , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,77.C1.8) and she maintained her paradoxicall Arguments so pithily , as if her selfe like a desperate pawne had layne seauen yeares in Lauender on sweeting in long Lane , or amongst the dogged inhabitants of Houndsditch . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,77.C1.9) And one of the men replyed that he thanked God hee neuer had any need of them , whereupon I began to suspect him to bee a crafty knave , because the proverbe saies , A crafty knaue needs no broker , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,77.C1.10) and indeed after I had inquired what countriman hee was , he told me he was a Welch man , and a Iustices Clarke . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,77.C2.11) I left him as I found him , hoping neuer to be troubled with his binding ouer , and withdrawing : (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,77.C2.12) and so at Grauesend , we all went to the Christopher where wee tooke a Bachanalian farewell one of another , where I remained till the Munday following , awayting the comming down of the ship that I was to be transported in . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,77.C2.13) About the houre of three in the afternoone , with good hope we weighed Anchor , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,77.C2.14) and with a curteous tide and a gentle winde we sailed downe the river of Thames , as farre as the grand Oyster hauen of Quinborough , where though our ship was not Sea-sicke , yet shee cast , Anchor I meane . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,77.C2.15) On the morrow , being Tuesday , we weighed , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,77.C2.16) and with the friendly breath of Zephirus , alias a Westerne wind , our sailes being swolne , our ship called the Judith , who with her sterne cut the liquid mounting mountaines of Neptunes wauering territories , as nimbly as Hebrew Iudith beheaded Holofernes , so that by the bountifull fauour of him that rules both Windes and Seas , the Thursday following wee espied the coast of Freezeland , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,77.C2.17) and the next day wee sailed by an Iland called the Holy Land , which may be called the Land of Lobsters , or the Countrie of Crabs for the plenty of those kind of crawling creatures that are taken there . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,78.C1.18) But we , taking time by the fore-top , let no aduantage slip , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,78.C1.19) but with a merry Gale , and a friendly floud , on the Friday wee sailed vp the Riuer of Elue , as far as Stoad , where we Anchoured till the morrow , being Saturday , and the feast of S. Bartholmew the Apostle , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,78.C1.20) wee ariued at a bleake alias , a towne an English mile from Hamburgh , called Altonagh , which is so called by the Hamburgers because it stands all-too-nigh them for their profit , being inhabited with diuers tradesmen which doe hinder their freedome . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,78.C1.21) I was no sooner landed there , but my company and my selfe went to a Dutch drinking-schoole , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,78.C1.22) and hauing vpsefreez'd foure pots of boone beere as yellow as gold , our host said we had foure shilling to betall , or to pay , which made me suspect it to bee a bawdy house by his large reckoning , till at last I vnderstood that the shillings he meant were but stiuers , or three halfe pence a peece . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,78.C1.23) So this tirrible {COM:sic} shot being discharged which in the totall amounted to the sum of sixepence English , we departed towards Hamburgh , when by the way I noted some men , women , and children in diuers places of Altonagh , all deformed , some with one eye , some with hare-lips , crooke-backt , splay-footed , halfe-nosed , or one blemish or other . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,78.C1.24) I admiring at them , was told they were Iewes , wherein I perceiued the Iudgement of the high Iudge of all , that had permitted Nature to deforme their formes , whose Gracelesse mindes were so much mishapen through want of Grace . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,78.C1.25) But I being entred the Citie of Hamburgh on the Saturday , I was presently conducted to the English house , where I found a kind Host , an honest Hostesse , good company , store of meat , more of drinks , a true Tapster , and sweet Lodging . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,78.C1.26) And , being at dinner , because I was a stranger , I was promoted to the chiefest place at the table , where to obserue an old custome , euery man did his best endeauour to hauns mee for my welcome , which by interpretation is , to giue a man a loafe too much out of the Brewers bsaket {COM:sic} ; in which kind of potshot , our English are growne such stout Proficients , that some of them dares bandy and contend with the Dutch their first teachers . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,78.C2.27) But after they had hanced me as well as they could , and I pleas'd , they admininistred an oath to me , in Manner and forme as followeth ; (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,78.C2.28) Laying my hand on a full pot . I sweare by these contents and all that is herein contained , that by the courteous fauour of thesee Gentlemen , I doe finde my selfe sufficiently hanced , and that henceforth I shall acknowledge it ; and that whensoeuer I shall offer to bee hanced againe , I shall arme my selfe with the craft of a Fox , the manners of a Hogge , the wisdome of an Asse , mixt with the ciuility of a Beare . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,78.C2.29) This was the forme of the oath , which as neare as I can shall bee performed on my part ; (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,78.C2.30) and heere is to bee noted that the first word a Nurse or a Mother doth teach her children if they bee Males , is Drinke , or Beere : So that most of them are transformed to Barrels , Firkings , and Kinderkins , alwayes fraight with Hamburge beere . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,78.C2.31) And though the City is not much more then halfe the bignes as London is within the wals , yet are there in it almost Brewhouses , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,78.C2.32) and in one dry {COM:sic} thare hath beene shipped away from thence , 337. brewings of beere , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,78.C2.33) besides 13. or 14. brewings haue beene wrackt or stayed in the Towne , as not sufficient to bee beezeled in the Country . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,78.C2.34) The Saturday beeing thus past , and Sunday come , I went toward the English Church , where I obserued many shops open , buying and selling , chopping and changing of all manner of wares , with the streets furnished with Apples , Peares , Plums , Nuts , Grapes , or any thing else that an ordinary Market can affoord , as commonly as if the Sabbaoth were but a bare Ceremony without a Commandemente . In which I note the Iewes in their execrable superstition , to be more deuout and obseruant , then these Pedlars in their profession ; (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,78.C2.35) for on the Saturday being the Iewes Sabbath they neglect all humane affaires , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,78.C2.36) and , betake themselues irreligiously to their misbeleeuing faithlesse religion . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,78.C2.37) The Sermon beeing ended at the English Church , I walked in the afternoone with a friend of mine , an Inhabitant of the Towne to see and to be seene , where at one of the gates was placed a strong guard of Souldiers with Muskets , Pikes , Halberts , and other warlike accoutrements , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,79.C1.38) I asked the cause , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,79.C1.39) and I was informed it was because of the building of new mounts and Bulwarks which were partly erected without the old wall : (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,79.C1.40) And when I perceiued these fortifications , I was amazed , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,79.C1.41) for it is almost incredible for the number of men and horses that are dayly set on worke about it , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,79.C1.42) besides the worke it selfe is so great that it is past the credit of Report , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,79.C1.43) and as I suppose will prooue most inexpugnable and inuincible Rampiers to strengthen the Towne on that side against the inuasiue attempts of the greatest Monarke that should assaile them . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,79.C1.44) But after much musing , walking further towards the fields , I espyed foure or fiue pretty parcels of modesty goe very friendly vp into a Councell-house by the wayes side , as wee and thousands of people vied to passe ; (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,79.C1.45) they were handsome young Girles of the age of 18. or yeares a peece , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,79.C1.46) and although they had a doore to shut , yet they knowing their businesse to bee necessary , and naturall , sate still in louing and neighbourly manner , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,79.C1.47) so hauing traced a turne or two we returned into the Towne againe , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,79.C1.48) and entring a long Garden within the Wals , some of the Townesmen were shooting for wagers at a marke with their muskets : some bowling : some at slide-thrift , or shouel-boord : some dancing before a blind Fidler , and his cow-bellied , dropsie , dutty Drab : some at one game , some at another , most of them drinking , and all of them drunke , that though it was a Sabboth , which should wholly be dedicated to God , yet by the abuse of these bursten-gutted bibbers , they made it an after-noone consecrated , or more truely execrated to the seruice of hell , and to the great amplification of the Devils kingdome . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,79.C1.49) {COM:verse_omitted} But leauing them to their drunken designes , I return'd toward my Lodging , where by the way I saw at the common Iayle of the Towne , a great number of people were clustred together , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,79.C2.50) I asked the cause of their concourse , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,79.C2.51) and I was certified that there was a Prisoner to be broken upon the wheele the next day , and that these idle Gazers did prease {COM:sic} to gape upon him for want of better imployments , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,79.C2.52) I being as inquisitiue after nouelties , as a Trauailer of my small experience might be , enquired earnestly the true cause of the next dayes execution : (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,79.C2.53) My friend told me that the prisoner was a poore Carpenter dwelling in the Towne , who lately having stolne {COM:sic} a Goose , and plucking it within his doores , a little Girle , his daughter in Law went out of his house , and left the doore open , by which meanes , the owner of the Goose passing by , espyed the wretched Theefe very diligently picking what hee before had beene stealing , to whom the owner said : Neighbour , I now perceiue which way my Geese vse to goe , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,79.C2.54) but I will have you in question for them , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,79.C2.55) and so away hee went : (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,79.C2.56) the Caitiffe beeing thus reprooued grew desperate , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,79.C2.57) and his child comming into his house ; ye yong whore , quoth he , must ye leaue my doore open for folkes to looke in upon me ? (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,79.C2.58) and with that word , he tooke a Hatchet (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,79.C2.59) and with a cursed stroake , he cloue the childes head : for the which murther he was condemned and iudged to be broken aliue upon the wheele . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,79.C2.60) Close by the Iayle I espyed a house of free stone , round and flat roofed , and leaded , vpon the which was erected the true picture of a most vnmatchable Hang-man : (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,79.C2.61) and now I am entered into a discourse of this braue abiect , or subiect , you must vnderstand that this fellow , is a merry , a mad , and a subsidie Hangman , to who~ our Tyburne Tatterdemalian , or our Wapping winde-pipe stretcher , is but a Raggamuffin , not worth the hanging : (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,79.C2.62) for this teare-throat Termagant is a fellow in Folio , a Commander of such great command , and of such greatnesse to command , that I never saw any that in that respect could countermand him : (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,79.C2.63) for his making is almost past description ; (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,79.C2.64) no Saracens head seemes greater , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,80.C1.65) and sure I thinke his brainepan if it were emptied , as I thinke he hath not much braine in it , would well containe halfe a bushell of mault , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,80.C1.66) his shaggie haire and beard would stuffe a Cushion for Charons boate , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,80.C1.67) his Imbost nose and embroydered face , would furnish a Ieweller ; (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,80.C1.68) his eyes well dryed , would make good Tennis-balls , or shot for a small pecce of Ordinance , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,80.C1.69) his yawning mouth would serve for a Conni-borrow , and his two ragged rowes of teeth , {COM:would_serve} for a stone wall , or a Pale ; (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,80.C1.70) then hath he a necke like one of Hercules his pillars , with a winde-pipe , or rather a beere pipe as bigge as the boare of a Demiculuering , or a wooden pumpe ; throvgh which conduit half a brewing of Hamburgh beere doth runne downe into his vnmeasurable paunch , wherein is more midriffe , guts and garbage then three tripe-wiues could be able to vtter before it stunke . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,80.C1.71) His post-like legges were answerable to the rest of the great frame which they supported , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,80.C1.72) and to conclude sir Beuis , Ascapart , Gogmagog , or our English sir Falstaff were but shrimps to this bezzeling Bombards longitude , latitude , altitude , and crassitude , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,80.C1.73) for he passes , and surpasses the whole Germane multitude . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,80.C1.74) And as hee is great in corpulencie , so is hee powerful in potencie , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,80.C1.75) for figuratiuely hee hath spirituall resemblance of Romish authority , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,80.C1.76) and in some sort he is a kind of demy-Pope , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,80.C1.77) for once a yeere in the dogge-dayes he sends out his men with bates in stead of Buls , with full power from his greatnesse , to knocke downe all the curs without contradiction , whose masters or owners will not be at the charge to buy a pardon for them of his mightinesse , which pardon is more dureable then the Popes of waxe or parchment , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,80.C1.78) for his is made of a piece of the hide of an Oxe , a Horse , or such lasting stuffe , which with his stigmiticall stamp or seale is hanged about euery dogs necke who is freed from his furie by the purchase of his pardon . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,80.C1.79) And sure I am perswaded that these dogges are more sure of their liues with the hangmans pardon , then the poore besotted blinded , papists are of their seduced soules from any pardon of the Popes . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,80.C1.80) The priuiledges of this graund haulter-master are many , as hee hath the emptying of all the vaults or draughts in the city , which no doubt hee gaines some fauour by . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,80.C2.81) Besides all Oxen , Kine ; Horses , Hogs , Dogs , or any such beasts , if they die themselues , or if they bee not like to liue , the hang-man must knocke them on the heades , and haue their skins : (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,80.C2.82) and whatsoeuer inhabitant in his iurisdiction doth any of these things aforesaid himselfe , is abhorred and accounted as a villain without redemption . So that with hangings , headings , breakings , pardoning and killing of dogges , flaying of beasts , emptying vaults , and such priuie commodities , his whole reuenue sometimes amounts to 4. or 5. hundred pounds a yeere . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,80.C2.83) And hee is held in that regard and estimation , that any man will conuerse and drinke with him , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,80.C2.84) nay sometimes the Lords of the Towne will feast with him , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,80.C2.85) and it is accounted no impeachment to their honours ; (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,80.C2.86) for he is held in the ranke of a Gentleman , or a ranke Gentleman (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,80.C2.87) and hee scornes to be clad in the cast weedes of executed offenders : (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,80.C2.88) No , he goes to the Mercers , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,80.C2.89) and hath his Sattin , his Veluet , or what stuffe he pleases , measured out by the yard or the ell , with his gould and siluer lace , his silke stockings , laced spangled garters and roses , hat and feather , with foure or fiue braue villaines attending him in Liuery cloakes , who haue stipendary meanes from his ignominious bounty . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,80.C2.90) Munday the 19 of August , about the houre of 12. at noone , the people of the town in great multitudes flocked to the place of execution ; which is halfe a mile English without the gates , bilt more like a sconce then a Gallowes , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,80.C2.91) for it is walled and ditched about with a draw-bridge (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,80.C2.92) and the prisoner came on foote with a Diuine with him , all the way exhorting him to repentance , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,80.C2.93) and because death should not terrifie him , they had giuen many rowses and carowses of wine and beere : (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,80.C2.94) for it is the custome there to make such poore wretches drunke , wherby they $may $be {TEXT:maybe} sencelesse eyther-2 of Gods mercy or their owne misery ; (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,80.C2.95) but being prayed for by others , they themselues may die resolutely , or to be feared desperately . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,80.C2.96) But the prisoner being come to the place of death , he was by the officers deliuered to the hangman , who entring his strangling fortification with two grand Hangmen more and their men , which were come from the City of Lubeck , and another Towne which I $can $not {TEXT:cannot} name to assist their Hamburghian brother in this great and weightie worke : the draw-bridge was drawne vp , and the Prisoner mounted on a mount of earth , built high on purpose that the people without may see the execution a quarter of a mile roundabout : (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,81.C1.97) foure of the Hangmans men takes each of them a small halter , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,81.C1.98) and by the hands and the feet they hold the Prisoners extended abroad lying on his backe : (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,81.C1.99) then the Arch-hangman , or the great Master of this mighty businesse tooke vp a wheele , much about the bignesse of one of the fore-wheeles of a Coach : (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,81.C1.100) and first , hauing put off his doublet , his , {COM:sic} hat , and being in his shirt , as if he meant to play at tennis , he tooke the wheele , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,81.C1.101) and set it on the edge , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,81.C1.102) and turnd it with one hand like a top or a whirligig , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,81.C1.103) then he tooke it by the spoakes , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,81.C1.104) and lifting it vp with a mightie stroake he beare one of the poore wretches leggs in peeces , the bones I meane at which he rored grieuiously ; (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,81.C1.105) then after a little pawse he breakes the other leg in the same manner , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,81.C1.106) and consequently breakes his armes , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,81.C1.107) and then he stroke foure or fiue maine blowes on his brest , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,81.C1.108) and burst all his bulke and chest in shiuers , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,81.C1.109) lastly he smoate his necke , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,81.C1.110) and missing , burst his chin and iawes to mammockes ; (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,81.C1.111) then he tooke the broken mangled corps , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,81.C1.112) and spread it on the wheele , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,81.C1.113) and thrust a great post or pile into the Naue or hole of the wheele , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,81.C1.114) and then fixed the post into the earth some sixe foot deepe , beeing in height aboue the ground , some ten or twelue foote , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,81.C1.115) and there the carkasse must lye till it bee consumed by all-consuming time , or rauening Fowles . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,81.C1.116) This was the terrible manner of this horrid execution , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,81.C1.117) and at this place are twenty posts with those wheeles or peeces of wheeles , with heads of men nailed on the top of the posts , with a great spike driuen through the skull . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,81.C1.118) The seuerall kinds of torments which they inflict upon offenders in those parts makes mee to imagine our English hanging to be but a flea-biting . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,81.C1.119) Moreouer , if any men in those parts are to be beheaded , the fashion is , that the Prisoner kneels downe , and being blinded with a Napkin , one takes hold of the haire of the crowne of the head , holding the party vpright , whilst the hangman with a backeward blow with a sword will take the head from a mans shoulders so nimbly , and with such dexteritie , that the owner of the head shall neuer want the misse of it . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,81.C2.120) And if it be any mans fortune to be hanged for neuer so small a crime , though he bee mounted whole , yet he shall come downe in peeces , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,81.C2.121) for he shall hang till euery ioynt and limbe drop one from another . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,81.C2.122) They haue strange torments and varieties of deaths , according to the various nature of the offences that are committed : (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,81.C2.123) as for example , hee that counterfeits any Princes coyne , and is prooued a Coyner , his iudgement is to be boyled to death in oyle , not throwne into the vessell all at once , but with a pulley or a Rope to bee hanged vnder the Arme pits , and let downe into the oile by degrees : first the feete , and next the legs , and so to boyle his flesh from his bones aliue . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,81.C2.124) For those that set houses on fire wilfully , they are smoaked to death , as first there is a pile or post fixed in the ground , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,81.C2.125) and within an English Ell of it is a peece of wood nailed crosse wherupon the offender is made fast sitting , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,81.C2.126) then ouer the top of the post is whelmed a great tub or Dryfat , which doth couer or ouerwhelme the Prisoner as low as the middle . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,81.C2.127) Then vnderneath the executioner hath wet straw , hay , stubble , or such kind of stuffe , which is fired , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,81.C2.128) but by reason it is wet and danke , it doth not burne but smolder and smoake , which smoake ascends vp into the tub where the prisoners head is , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,81.C2.129) and not being able to speake , he will heaue vp and downe with his belly ; (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,81.C2.130) and people may perceiue him in these torments to liue three or foure houres . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,81.C2.131) Adultery there , if it bee prooued , is punished with death , as the losse of both the parties heads , if they bee both married , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,81.C2.132) or if not both , yet the married party must dye for it , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,81.C2.133) and the other must endure some easier punishment , eyther-1 by the purse or carkasse ; which in the end proues little better then halfe a hanging . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,81.C2.134) But as after a tempest a calme is best welcome ; so I imagine it not amisse after all this tragicall harsh discourse , to sweeten the Readers pallat with a few Comicall reports which were related vnto me , wherein I seeme fabulous , it must be remembered that I claime the priuiledge of a traueller , who hath authority to report all that he heares and sees , and more too . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,82.C1.135) I was informed of a fellow that was hanged somwhat neere the high way , within a mile or two of Collein , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,82.C1.136) and the fashion being to hang with a halter and a chaine , that when the haulter is rotten with the weather , the carkasse drops a butten hole lower into the chaine . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,82.C1.137) Now it fortuned that this fellow was executed on a winters afternoone towards night , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,82.C1.138) and being hanged , the chaine was shorter then the halter , by reason whereof he was not strangled , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,82.C1.139) but by the gamming of the chaine which could not slip close to his necke , he hanged in great torments vnder the Iawes , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,82.C1.140) it happened that As soone as hee was trust vp , there fell a great storme of raine and winde , whereupon all the people ran away from the Gallowes to shelter themselues . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,82.C1.141) But night being come , and the moon shining bright , it chanced that a Country Boore , or a waggoner and his Sonne with him were driuing their empty waggon by the place where the fellow was hanged , who being not choaked , in the extremity of his paines did stirre his legges and writhe and crumple his body , which the waggoners Sonne perceiued , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,82.C1.142) and said ; Father looke , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,82.C1.143) the man vpon the Gallowes doth moue : (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,82.C1.144) quoth the old man he moues indeed , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,82.C1.145) I pray the let vs make hast ; and put the Waggon vnder the Gibbet , to see if we can vnhang and saue him . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,82.C1.146) This being said was quickely done , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,82.C1.147) and the wretch halfe dead was laid in straw in the Boores waggon , and carried home , where with good attendance he was in foure or fiue dayes recouered to his health , but that he had a cricke in his necke , & the cramp in his iawes . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,82.C1.148) The old man was glad that he had done so good a deed , as he thought (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,82.C1.149) began to giue the thiefe Fatherly counsell , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,82.C1.150) and told him that it was Gods great mercy towards him to make me quoth he the Instrument of thy deliuerance , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,82.C1.151) and therfore looke that thou make good use of this his gracious fauour towards thee , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,82.C1.152) and labour to redeeme the time thou hast misspent , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,82.C1.153) get the into some other Princes countrey , where thy former crimes may not bring thee into the danger of the Law againe , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,82.C1.154) and there with honest industrious endeuours get thy liuing . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,82.C2.155) The thiefe seemed willing to entertaine these good admonitions , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,82.C2.156) and thanked the Boore and his Sonne , telling them that the next morning he would be gone : and if euer his fortunes made him able , he promised to be so grateful vnto them that they should haue cause to say their great curtesies were well bestowed vpon him ; (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,82.C2.157) but all his sugred {COM:sic} sweete promises , were in the proofe but Gall and wormwood in the performance : (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,82.C2.158) for this gracelesse Caitiffe arose betimes in the morning , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,82.C2.159) and drew on a paire of Bootes and spurres which were the mans sonnes of the house , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,82.C2.160) and slipping out of the doores , went to the stable (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,82.C2.161) and stole one of his kind hosts best horses , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,82.C2.162) and away rode hee . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,82.C2.163) The man and his Sonne , when they were vp and missed the thiefe and the horse , were amazed at the ingratitude of the wretch , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,82.C2.164) and with all speed his sonne and he rode seuerall waies in pursuit of him , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,82.C2.165) and in briefe one of them tooke him , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,82.C2.166) and brought him backe to their house againe , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,82.C2.167) and when it was night they bound him , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,82.C2.168) and laid him in their waggon hauing deafe eares , and hardned hearts to all his intreaties (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,82.C2.169) and away to the Gallowes where they found him hanging , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,82.C2.170) there they with the halter being a little shortned , they left him . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,82.C2.171) The next day the Country people wondred to see him hanging there again ; (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,82.C2.172) for they had seen him hanged , and missed him gone , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,82.C2.173) and now to be thus strangely & priuately come againe in boots and spurres , whereas they remembred at his first hanging he had shoes & stockings , it made them muse what iourney he had beene riding , & what a mad Ghest he was to take the Gallowes for his Inne , or as I suppose for his end . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,82.C2.174) The rumor of this accident being bruited abroad , the people came far and neere to see him , all in general wondring how these things should come to passe . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,82.C2.175) At last , to cleere all doubts , proclamations were published with pardon , and a reward to any that could discouer the truth , whereupon the old Boore & Sonne came in and related the whole circumstance of the matter . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,82.C2.176) At another place the hangmans place beeing void there were two of the bloud , for it is to be noted that the succession of that office doth lineally descend from the Father to the Sonne , or to the next of the bloud which were at strife for the possession of this high indignity . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C1.177) Now it happened that 2 Men were to be beheaded at the same towne , and at the same time , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C1.178) and to auoid sute in Law for this great prerogatiue it was concluded by the Arbitrators , that each of these new hangmen should execute one of the Prisoners , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C1.179) and he that with greatest cunning and sleight could take the head from the body , should haue the place , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C1.180) to this they all agreed (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C1.181) and the Prisoners were brought forth , where one of the Execucioners did bind a red silke thread double about his prisoners necke the threads being distant one from another only the bredth of one thread , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C1.182) and he promised to cut off the head with a backward blow with a Sword , betweene the threads . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C1.183) The other called his Prisoner (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C1.184) and told him that if he would be ruled by him , he should haue his life saued , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C1.185) and besides quoth he I shall be sure to haue the office . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C1.186) The Prisoner was glad of the motion , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C1.187) and said he would doe any thing upon these conditions , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C1.188) then said the Hangman , when thou art on thy knees , and hast said thy prayers ; and that I doe lift vp my Axe , for I will vse an Axe to strike thee , I will cry Hem , at which word doe thou rise and run away , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C1.189) thou knowest none will stay thee if thou canst once escape after thou art deliuered into my custody , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C1.190) it is the fashion of our Country (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C1.191) and let me alone to shift to answer the matter : (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C1.192) This being said or whispered , the headsman with the sword did cut off the Prisoners head iust betweene the threads as hee had said , which made all the people wonder at the steddinesse of his hand , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C1.193) and most of them judged that hee was the man that was and would be fittest to make a mad hangman of . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C1.194) But as one tale is good till another be told ; and as there be three degrees of good , better , and best ; so this last hangman did much exceed and eclipse the others cunning : (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C1.195) For his prisoner being on his knees , and he lifting vp his axe to giue the fatall blow , Hem , said he according to promise whereupon the fellow arose and ran away , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C1.196) but when he had run some seuen or eight paces , the hangman threw the Axe after him , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C1.197) and strocke his head smoothly from his shoulders . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C1.198) now for all this , who shal haue the place is vnknowne ; (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C1.199) for they are yet in Law for it ; (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C1.200) and I doubt not but before the matter bee ended , that the Lawyers will make them exercise their own trades upon themselues to end the controuersie . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C2.201) This tale doth sauour somewhat Hyperbolicall (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C2.202) but I wish the Reader to beleeue no more of the matter then I saw ; (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C2.203) and there is an end . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C2.204) At another Towne there stood an old ouerworne despised paire of Gallowes , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C2.205) but yet not so old but they will last many a faire yere with good viage , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C2.206) but the Townes-men a little distance from them built another paire , in a more stately Geometricall port and fashion , whereupon they were demanded why they would be at the charge to erect a new Gallowes , hauing so sufficent an old one ; (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C2.207) they answered , that those old Gallowes should serue to hang fugitiues and strangers , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C2.208) but those new ones were built for them and their heires for euer . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C2.209) Thus much for hangmen , theeues , and Gallowses . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C2.210) Yet one thing more for theeues : (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C2.211) In Hamburgh those that are not hanged for theft , are chained 2. or 3. together , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C2.212) and they must in that sort sixe or seuen yeares draw a dung-cart , and clense the streets of the towne , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C2.213) & euery one of those theeues for as many yeares as hee is condemned to that slauery , so many Bels he hath hanged at an iron aboue one of his shoulders , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C2.214) and euery yeare a Bell is taken off , till all are gone , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C2.215) and then he is a Freeman againe , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C2.216) and I did see ten or twelue of these Carts , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C2.217) and some of the Theeues had 7. Bels , some 5. some 6. some one , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C2.218) but such a noyse they make , as if all the Diuels in Hell were dancing the morrice . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C2.219) Hamburgh is a free City , not being subiect to the Emperour , or any other Prince , but onely gouerned by twenty foure Burgomasters , whereof two are the chiefe , who are called Lords , and doe hold that dignity from their first election during their liues : (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C2.220) The buildings are all of one vniforme fashion , very lofty and stately , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C2.221) it is wonderful populous ; (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C2.222) and the water with boats comes through most of the streets of the towne . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C2.223) Their Churches are most gorgeously set forth , as the most of them couered with copper , with very lofty Spires , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C2.224) and withinsides they are adorned with crucifixes , Images and pictures , which they doe charily keepe for ornaments , but not for idle or idoll adoration ; (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,83.C2.225) In S. Iacobs and in Saint Katherines Churches there is in one of them a Pulpit of Alablaster , and in the other a paire of such Organs , which for worth and workmanship are vnparaleld in Christendome , as most trauailers doe relate . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,84.C1.226) The women there are not fashion mongers , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,84.C1.227) but they keepe in their degrees one continuall habit , as the richer sort doe weare a Huicke , which is a robe of cloth or stuffe plated , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,84.C1.228) and the vpper part of it is gathered and sowed together in the forme of an English potlid , with a tassell on the top , and so put vpon the head , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,84.C1.229) and the garment goes ouer her ruffe and face if she please , and so downe to the ground , so that a man may meet his owne wife , and perhaps not know her from another Woman . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,84.C1.230) They haue no Porters to beare burdens , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,84.C1.231) but they haue bigge burly-bon'd knaues with their wiues that doe daily draw Carts any whether vp and downe the towne , with Marchants goods or any other imployments : (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,84.C1.232) And it is reported that these Cart-drawers are to see the rich men of the Towne prouided of milch-nurses for their children , which nurses they call by the name of Ams , so that if they doe want a nurse at any time , these felllowes are cursed , because they haue not gotten wenches enough with childe to supply their wants . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,84.C1.233) But if a man of any fashion doe chance to goe astray to a house of iniquity , the whilst he is in the house at his drudgery , another of the whores will go to the Sherif , which they call the Right-heere and informe that such a man is in such a suspected house , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,84.C1.234) then is his comming forth narrowly watched , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,84.C1.235) and he is taken and brought before the Right-heere , and examined , where if he bee a man of credit , he must , and will pay forty , fifty , or sixty Rex dollers before he will haue his reputation called in question . Of which money the queane that did informe shall haue her reward . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,84.C1.236) A Lawyer hath but a bad trade there , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,84.C1.237) for any Cause or Controuersie is tryed and determined in three dayes , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,84.C1.238) Quirks , Quiddits , Demurs , Habeas Corposes , Sursararaes , Procedendoes , or any such dilatory Law-tricks are abolished , and not Worth a button . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,84.C1.239) But aboue all , I must not forget the rare actions and humours of a Quacksaluer or Mountebanke , or to speake more familiarly , a shadow of a skilfull Chyrurgian . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,84.C2.240) This fellow beeing clad in an ancient doublet of decayed Satin , with a Spruce Leather Ierkin with Glasse butons , the rest of his attire being correspondent , was mounted vpon a Scaffold ; hauing shelfes set with Viols , Gallipots , Glasses , Boxes , and such like stuffe , wherein as he said , were Waters , Oyles , Vnguents , Emplasters , Electuaries , Vomits , Purges , and a world of neuer heard of Drugs , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,84.C2.241) and being mounted as I said he & his man begin to proclaime all their skill and more , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,84.C2.242) hauing a great number of idle and ignorant gazers on , he began as followeth as I was informed by my Interpreter , for I vnderstood not one word he spake . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,84.C2.243) I Iacomo Compostella , Practitioner in Physicke , Chyrurgery , and the Mathematicks , beeing a man famous through Europe , Asia , Affricke , and America , from the Orientall exhaltation of Titan , to his Occidentall declination , who for the Testimony of my skill , and the rare cures that I haue done ; haue these princes hands and seales ; as first the great Cham of Tartaria , in whose Court , onely with this water which is the Elixar of Henbane , diafracted in a Diurnall of Egredients Hippocraronticke , Auicenian , and Catarackt , with this did I cure the great Dutchesse of Promulpho , of the cramp in her tongue : (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,84.C2.244) and with this Oyle did I restore the Emperour Gregory Euanowich ; of a Convulsion in his pericranion . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,84.C2.245) From thence I trauailed through Slauonia ; where I met with Mustapha Despot of Seruia , who at that time was intolerably vexed with a Spasmus , so that it often droue him into a Syncope with the violent obstructions of the conflagerating of his veines . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,84.C2.246) Onely with this precious Vnguent being the Quintessence of Mugwort ; with Auripigmenti terragrophicated in a Limbecke of Chystalline translucency , I recouered him to his former health , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,84.C2.247) and for my reward I had a Barbary Horse with rich Caparions , a Turkish Semitar , a Persian Robe , & Hungarian Ducats . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,84.C2.248) Besides , here are the hands and Seales of Potohamacke , Adolantado of Prozewgma , and of Gulch Flownderscurse chiefe Burgomaster of Belgrade , and of diuers Princes and estates , which to auoid tedious prolixity I omit . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,84.C2.249) But good people if you or any other bee troubled with Apoplexies , Palsies , Cramps , Lethargies , Cataracks , Quinsies , Tisicks , Pleurisies , Coughs , Headaches , Tertian , Quartan , and Quotidian Agues , burning Feauers , Iaundizes , Dropsies , Collicks , Illiaca passio's , the Stone , the Strangury , the Poxe , Plague , Botches , Biles , Blanes , Scabs , Scurfs , Mange , Leprosies , Cankers , Magrims , Mumps , Fluxes , Meazels , Murreins , Gouts , Consumptions , Tooth-ach , Ruptures , Hernia Aquosa , Hernia Ventosa , Hernia Carnosa , or any other maladie that dares afflict the body of man or woman , come (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,85.C1.250) and buy while you may haue it for money , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,85.C1.251) for I am sent for speedily to the Emperour of Trapezond , about affaires of great importance that highly concernes his royall person . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,85.C1.252) Thus almost two houres did this fellow with embost words , and most laborious actions , talke and swear to the people , that vnderstood no more what he said , then he himselfe vnderstood himselfe . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,85.C1.253) And I thinke his whole takings for simple compounds did amount in the totall to 9. pence sterling . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,85.C1.254) But leauing Hamburgh , hauing gathered these few obseruations aforesaid out of it I went August 28. (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,85.C1.255) and my first iaunt of my trauels was by water , to a Towne called Buckstahoo , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,85.C1.256) it is a little walled towne , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,85.C1.257) and stands on the other side of the Riuer , 3. miles as they call it from Hamburgh . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,85.C1.258) The boat we passed in is called an Iuar , not so good as a Grauesend barge , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,85.C1.259) yet I thinke it be as great , & the three miles longer then from London , to Graues-end , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,85.C1.260) for I am sure that we were going 9. houres before we could be landed : (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,85.C1.261) Our passage cost vs 3. pence a peece , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,85.C1.262) and one thing I remember well , that the lazie water men will sit still all or the most part of the way whilst their Passengers , be they neuer so rich or poore , all is one to them , be they men or women they must rowe by turnes an houre or such a matter : (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,85.C1.263) and we landed in the night at a place called Crants , where al the passengers were to go to Supper , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,85.C1.264) but such dver {COM:sic} we had , that the Prouerbe was truly verified God sent meat , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,85.C1.265) and the Diuel sent Cookes : (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,85.C1.266) for as there was no respect of persons in the boat , so all fellowes at the Table , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,85.C1.267) and all one price , the Palatine and the Plebeian : (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,85.C1.268) our first messe was great platters of blacke broth , in shape like new ratte , and in tast Cosen Germane to slut pottage ; (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,85.C2.269) our second were dishes of Eeles , chop'd as small as hearbs , and the broth they were in as salt as brine : (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,85.C2.270) then had we a boyld Goose , with choake peares and carrets buried in a deepe dish ; (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,85.C2.271) and when we demanded what was to pay , it was but three pence a man , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,85.C2.272) I mused at the cheapenesse of it , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,85.C2.273) but afterward they came vpon vs with a fresh reckoning of fiue pence a man for beere , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,85.C2.274) for they neuer count their meat and drinke together , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,85.C2.275) but bring in seuerall reckonings for them : (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,85.C2.276) but the morning being come , we hired a Boores Waggon , to carry vs to a place called Citezen , three miles there , or 12. English miles from Buckstahoo : (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,85.C2.277) a little bald dorp it is , where we came about noone , and found such slender entertainement , that we had no cause to boast of our good cheere or our Hostesse Cookery . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,85.C2.278) We hauing refreshed our selues , and hyred a fresh Waggon , away we went two miles further to a Dorp called Rodonburgh , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,85.C2.279) this village belongeth to the Byshop of Rodonburgh , who hath a faire house there , strongly walled and deepely ditched and Moated about very defensible , with drawbridges , and good Ordinance . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,85.C2.280) This Bishop is a temporall Lord , notwithstanding his sprituall title ; (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,85.C2.281) and no doubt but the flesh preuailes aboue the Spirit with him ; (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,85.C2.282) So the Bishops of Breame , Lunningburgh , and diuers other places in Germany , doe very charitably take the fleece , for they themselues neuer looke to the flocke by reason they vse no Ecclesiastick function , but onely in name . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,85.C2.283) Being lodged at Rodenburgh , in a stately Inne , where the Host , Hostesse , Guests , Cowes , Horses , Swine lay all in one Roome ; yet I must confesse their beds to be very good , and their linnine sweet , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,85.C2.284) but in those parts they vse no couerlet , rug , or blanket , but a good featherbed vndermost , with cleane sheets , pillowes , and pillowbears , and a nother {COM:sic} featherbed vppermost , with a faire sheet aboue all , so that a mans lodging is like a womans lying In , all white . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,85.C2.285) August , the wee went from Rodenburgh , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,85.C2.286) and about noone wee came to an old walled towne , called Feirden , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,85.C2.287) it hath two Churches in it , and the hangmans statue very artificially carued in stone , and set on a high pillar ; with a rod rampant in his hand , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C1.288) at this Towne I met with sixe strangers , all trauilers , where wee went to dinner together all at one Table , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C1.289) and euery man opened his knapsacke or budget with victuals ; (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C1.290) for he that carries no meat with him , may fast by authority in most places of that Country (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C1.291) but to note the kindnesse of these people one to another , some had bread and a boxe of salt butter , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C1.292) some had raw bacon , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C1.293) some had cheese , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C1.294) some had pickled herring , some dryed beefe , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C1.295) and among the rest I had brought three ribs of rost beefe , and other prouision from Hamburgh : (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C1.296) to conclude we drew all like fidlers , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C1.297) and fed for the most part like Swine , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C1.298) for euery man eat what was his own (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C1.299) and no man did proffer one bit of what he had to his neighhour , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C1.300) so he that had cheese must dine with cheese , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C1.301) for he that had meat would offer him none ; (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C1.302) I did cut euery one a part of my rost beefe which my guide told me they would not take well , because it is not the fashion of the Countrey : (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C1.303) I tryed , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C1.304) and found them very tractable to take any thing that was good , so that I perceiued their modesty to take one from another , proceeds from their want of manners to offer . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C1.305) But dinner being done , away we went ouer a bridge , in the midst whereof is a lynn , made in the likenesse of a great Lanthorne , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C1.306) it is hanged on a turning Gybbet like a Crane : So that it may bee turned on the bridge and ouer the Riuer , as they shall please that haue occasion to vse it . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C1.307) It is big enough to hold two men , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C1.308) and it is for this purpose if any one or more do rob Gardens or Orchards , or Corne fields , if they be taken he or they are put into this same whirligig , or kickumbob , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C1.309) and the gybbet being turned , the offender hangs in this Cage from the Riuer some 12. or 14. foot from the water , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C1.310) then there is a small Line made fast to the party some 5. or 6. fadome , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C1.311) and with a tricke which they haue , the bottome of the Cage drops out , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C1.312) and the thiefe fals sodenly into the water . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C1.313) I had not gone farre , but at the end of the bridge I saw an old Chappell , which in old time they say was dedicated to S. Frodswicke , which hath the day after Saint Luke the Euangelist : (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C1.314) I entering in , perceiued it was a charitable Chappeil , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C1.315) for the doores and windowes were alwayes open , by reason there were none to shut , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C1.316) and it was a common receptacle for Beggars and Rogues . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C2.318) There was the Image of our Lady with a vaile ouer her , made as I thinke of a Baskets bolter , and Saint Peter holding a candle to her . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C2.319) I cut a peece of her Vaile , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C2.320) and taking Peter by the hand at my departure , the kind Image I know not vpon what acquaintance beeing loose handed , let me haue his hand with mee , which beeing made of wood , by reason of ruinous antiquitie , burst off in the handling : which two precious relickes I brought home with me to defend me and all my friends from Sparrow-blasting . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C2.321) From this place we were glad to trauaile on foot 1. Dutch mile to a Dorpe called Durfurne , where we hired a Boores Waggon to a Towne called Neinburgh , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C2.322) but we could not reach thither by 2. English miles , so that we were glad to lodge in a Barne that night : (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C2.323) on the morrow early we arose (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C2.324) & came to Neinburgh , which is a little walled towne , belonging to that Byshopricke from whence it is so named . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C2.325) There we stayed 5. houres before we could get a Waggon , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C2.326) at last wee were mounted to a Dorpe called Leiz , 2. Dutch miles ; (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C2.327) I would haue bargained with the Boore to haue carried vs to Dorne , which I bade my guide tell him it was but a mile further , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C2.328) a mile quoth the Boore , indeed we call it no more , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C2.329) but it was measured with a Dog , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C2.330) and they threw in the taile and all to the bargaine ; (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C2.331) so to Leize he carried vs , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C2.332) and there we found a Waggon of Dorne homeward bound , which made vs ride the cheaper ; (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C2.333) but it was the longest mile that euer I rode or went , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C2.334) for surely it is as much as some ten of our miles in England . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C2.335) But hauing ouercome it at last , from thence I tooke a fresh Waggon to carry me two miles further to a towne called Buckaburgh , where I had , and haue I hope , a Brother residing ; to whom my iourny was entended , and with whom my perambulation was at a period . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C2.336) This towne of Buckeburgh is wholely and solely belonging to the Graff or Graue of Shomburgh , a Prince of great command and eminence , absolute in his authoritie and power , not countermanded by the Emperour , or any other further then courtesie requires ; (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C2.337) and in a word , he is one of the best accomplished Gentlemen in Europe for his person , port , and Princely magnificence . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,86.C2.338) He hath there to his inestimable charge , built the Towne , with many goodly Houses , Streets , Lanes , a strong wall , and a deepe ditch , all well furnished with munition and Artillerie , with a band of Souldiers which he keepeth in continuall pay , allowing euery man a Doller a Weeke and double apparell euery yeare . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,87.C1.340) Besides , he hath built a stately Church , being aboue steps to the Roofe , with a faire paire of Organs , a curious carued Pulpit , and all other Ornaments belonging to the same . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,87.C1.341) His owne Pallace may well be called an earthly Paradice , which if I should run into the praise of the description of , I should bring my wits into an intricate Labyrinth , that I should hardly finde my way out , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,87.C1.342) yet according to the imbecility of my memory I will only touch a litle at the shadow of it , and let the substance stand where it doth . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,87.C1.343) At the front or outward gate is a most stately Arch , vpon the top whereof is erected the image of Enuy , as great as a demy Colossus betweene two Dragons , all guilt with gold ; (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,87.C1.344) before the gate is an iron grate to open and shut as it were of flowers or worke of Embroydery , at which gate stands alwayes a Court of Guard , and a Sentinel , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,87.C1.345) and at the Lower part of the Arch is the Princes title or in Capitall Letters as followeth ; Ernestus Dei gratia , comes Holst , Scomburgh Spernburgh , etc. (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,87.C1.346) After I was entred within the outward gate , I was shewed his stables , where I saw very faire and goodly horses , both-2 for warre and other vses , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,87.C1.347) amongst the rest there was one naturally spotted like a Leopard or Panther , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,87.C1.348) and is called by the name of Leopard , a stately couragious beast , and so formed as if Nature had layd all her cunning aside , onely to compose that Horse , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,87.C1.349) and indeed I must acknowledge he was made for the Seruice of some great prince , and not for any inferiour Person . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,87.C1.350) Passing further , I came to another Court of Guard , and ouer a Draw-bridge , into the inner Court , where on the right hand , I was conducted into the Chappell , in which Chappell , if it were possible that the hand of mortall men with artificiall workemanship could visibly set forth the magnificent glory of the immortal Creator , then absolutely there it is . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,87.C2.351) but being impossible so to doe , as neere as I can I will describe it ; (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,87.C2.352) the pauement is all of blacke and gray marble , curiously wrought with Chequer-works , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,87.C2.353) the Seats and Pues are carued wainscot of wonderful cunning and workemanship : (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,87.C2.354) the roofe is adorned with the statues of Angels and Cherubims , many in number , all so richly guilded , as if Gold were as plentifull as pewter , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,87.C2.355) there could not bee more liberality bestowed ; (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,87.C2.356) besides there are a faire set of Organs , with a braue sweet Quire of Quiristers : so that when they sing , the Lutes , Viols , Bandoraes , Organs , Recorders , Sagbuts , and other musical instuments , all strike vp together , with such a glorious delicious harmony , as if the Angelicall musicke of the Spheares were descendid into that earthly Tabernacle . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,87.C2.357) The Prince himselfe is a Protestant , very zealous in his Prayer , and diligent in his attention to the Preacher , who although I vnderstood not , yet I perceiued he was a good Diuine , who grauely and sincerely with reuerence and eloquent Ellocution , deliuered the bread of life to the vnderstanding Auditors . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,87.C2.358) In this Towne I stayd with my brother from Saturday the last of August , till the Thursday following which was the fifth of September . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,87.C2.359) When I was conducted an English mile on my way by certaine of my Countrey men my Lords Musicians , where wee dranke and parted , onely my Brother and my Guide brought me that night to a strong walled Towne called Minden , which standeth on the Riuer of Weazar , and belongeth to the Byshop of that See . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,87.C2.360) On the morrow I walked to see the Towne , where I bought thirty sixe Cheeses for eight pence , and a yard and a halfe of pudding for fiue pence , which I brought into England for rarities . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,87.C2.361) So about noone we tooke a Boat to passe downe the Riuer , which boat is much longer then any Westerne Barge , but nothing neere so broad , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,87.C2.362) it was halfe laden with Lime and Chalke , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,87.C2.363) and by reason the Wind blew hard , we were almost choaked with the flying and scattering of that dustie commodity . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,87.C2.364) Besides the Water was so shallow , that we ran aground three or foure times , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,88.C1.365) and sometimes an hour , sometimes lesse before we could get a float againe : which made mee and my Guide goe a shore at a village called Peterhaghen , where we hired a Waggon to Leize , where we stayed all night , being come into our old way againe where were a crew of strowling Rogues and Whores that tooke vpon them the name of AEgyptians , Iuglers , and Fortune-tellers , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,88.C1.366) and indeed one of them held the Goodwife with a tale , the whilst another was picking her chest , and stole out ten dollers which is forty shillings and she that talked with her , looked in her hand , and told her that if she did not take great heed she knew by her Art that some mischance was neere her : which prooued true , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,88.C1.367) for her money was gone , the whilst her fortune was telling . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,88.C1.368) But I appointed a Waggon ouer night to bee ready by three of the Clocke in the morning , when I arose and applied my trauaile so hard by changing fresh Waggons , so that that day I came as farre as Rodenburgh , which was nine Dutch miles , where I stayed that night : (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,88.C1.369) The next day being Sunday the eighth of September , we took Waggon toward Buckstahoo , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,88.C1.370) $we $had a merry Boore , with an hundred tatters about him (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,88.C1.371) and now I thinke it fit to describe these Boores , their natures , habits , and vnmannerly manners . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,88.C1.372) In our English tongue the name Bore or Boore doth truely explaine their swinish condition , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,88.C1.373) for most of them are as full of humanity as a Bacon-hog , or a Bore , and their wiues as cleanly and courteous as Sowes . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,88.C1.374) For the most part of the men they are clad in thin buckerom , vnlined , barelegged and footed , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,88.C1.375) neyther band nor scarce shirt , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,88.C1.376) no woollen in the world about them , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,88.C1.377) and thus will they run through all weathers for money by the Waggons side , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,88.C1.378) and though no better apparelled , yet all of them haue Houses , Land , or manuall meanes to liue by . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,88.C1.379) The substantiall Boores I did meet aboue of them that Sunday , $euery $one $with {TEXT:with_euery_one} a Hatchet in his hand , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,88.C1.380) I mused at it , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,88.C1.381) and thought they had beene going to fell Wood that day , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,88.C1.382) but my Guide told me they were all going to Church , and that instead of Cloakes , they carried Hatchets , and that it was the fashion of the Country : whereupon it came to my mind , Cloake , quasi Cleaue-oake , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,88.C2.383) ergo the Boores weare Hatchets in steed of Cloakes . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,88.C2.384) There are other fashion Boores , who weare white Linnen breeches as close as Irish touzes , but so long , that they are turned vp at the shooe in a role like a Maides sleeues {COM:are_turned_up} at the hand , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,88.C2.385) but what these fellowes want in the bignesse of their Hose , they haue in Dublets , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,88.C2.386) for their sleeues are as big as Breeches , and the bodies great enough to hold a Kinderkin of beere , and a barrell of Butter . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,88.C2.387) The Country is very full of Woods , and especially Oakes , which they very seldome cut down , because of the Mast for their Swine , which liue there in great abundance . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,88.C2.388) If any man bee slaine or murthered in the way , they vse to set vp a wooden Crosse in the place , for a memoriall of the bloudie fact committed there , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,88.C2.389) and there were many of those woodden Crosses in the way as I trauailed . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,88.C2.390) They seldome haue any Robbery committed amongst them , but there is a murther with it , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,88.C2.391) for their vnmannerly manner is to knocke out a mans braines first , or else to lurke behind a Tree , and shoot a man with a peece or a Pistol , and so make sure worke with the passenger , and then search his pockets . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,88.C2.392) It is as dangerous to steale or kill an Hare in some places there as it is to rob a Church or kill a man in England , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,88.C2.393) and yet a two-penny matter will discharge the offender , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,88.C2.394) for the best and the worst is but an Halter ; (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,88.C2.395) and I was enformed that an English Marchant not knowing the danger as he was riding on the way , hauing a peece charged in his hand as it is an ordinary weapon to trauaile with there by chance he espeyed an hare , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,88.C2.396) and shot at her (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,88.C2.397) and killed her ; (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,88.C2.398) but hee was apprehended for it , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,88.C2.399) and it was like to haue cost him his life ; (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,88.C2.400) but before he got out of the trouble , he was faine to vse his best friends and meanes , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,88.C2.401) and pleading ignorance for his innocency , at last with the losse of a great deale of liberty , and fiue hundred pound in money he was discharged : (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,88.C2.402) The reason of this strict course is , because all the Hares in the Country doe belong to one Lord or other , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,88.C2.403) and being in aboundance , they are killed by the owners appointment , and carried to the markets by Cart-loads , and sold for the vse of the honourable owners : (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,89.C1.404) And no Boore or Tenant that dwels in those parts where those Hares are plenty , must keepe a Dogge , except hee pay fiue shillings a yeere to the Lord , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,89.C1.405) or else one of his fore-feet must be cut off , that hee may not hunt Hares . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,89.C1.406) A man is in almost as high proportion to be a knaue in England , as {COM:to_be} a Knight in Germany , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,89.C1.407) for there a Gentleman is called a Youngcur , and a Knight is but a Youngcurs man , so that you shall have a scuruy Squire command a Knight to hold his stirrop , plucke off his boots , or any other vnknightly peece of seruice : (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,89.C1.408) and verily I thinke there are an seuerall Princes , Earles , Byshops , and other Estates , that doe euery one keepe a mint , and in their owne names stampe Money , Gold , Siluer and Brasse , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,89.C1.409) and amongst 23. two pences which I had of their brasse money , which they call Grushes I had 13. seuerall coynes . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,89.C2.410) Many more such worthie iniunctions and honourable ordinances I obserued , which are hardly worth pen and inke the describing , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,89.C2.411) and therefore I omit them , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,89.C2.412) and draw toward an end , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,89.C2.413) for on the Wednesday morning I was at an anchor at Stoad , (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,89.C2.414) and on the Friday night following I was by Gods gracious assistance Landed at London . So that in three weekes and three dayes I sayled from England to Hamburgh and backe againe , staying in the Countrey 17. dayes , and trauailed miles by Land there : gathering like a busie Bee all these honied obseruations , some by sight , some by hearing , some by both , some by neither , and some by bare supposition . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,89.C2.415) Finis . (JOTAYLOR-E2-P1,3,89.C2.416)