{COM:verse_omitted} WILLIAM VENOR : IOHN FREMINGHAM , (STOW-E2-P1,549_misnumbered_as_559.5) THE 28. OF SEPTEM . (STOW-E2-P1,549_misnumbered_as_559.6) SIR IOHN CHADWORTH MERCER , (STOW-E2-P1,549_misnumbered_as_559.7) THE 28. OF OCTOBER . (STOW-E2-P1,549_misnumbered_as_559.8) The Conduit upon Cornehil in London was made , which before time had bene a prison , called the Tunne in Cornehil , whereunto , nightwalkers that were taken in suspition of fellonie , or other trespasses , were committed . (STOW-E2-P1,550.12) In the moneth of March appeared a blasing starre , first betwixt the East and the North , and last of all putting firie beames towards the North , foreshewing peraduenture the effusion of bloud , about the partes of Wales and Northumberlande . (STOW-E2-P1,550.13) Owen Glendouerdew with his Welchmen , wasted y=e= lande of the Lord Reignalde Gray , (STOW-E2-P1,550.14) tooke him prisoner , (STOW-E2-P1,550.15) and slewe many of his people . (STOW-E2-P1,550.16) Certaine man affirmed King Richarde to be aliue , and that he should shortly shew himself openly , & reward them y=t wer faithful vnto him . (STOW-E2-P1,550.17) But after a certain priest was taken at Warwike , who had written y=e= names of many , which were the aucthours of these troubles , both the hope and feare of this conspiracie vanished . (STOW-E2-P1,550.18) The Priest was drawen hanged and quartered . (STOW-E2-P1,550.19) Also Walter Waldocke late Priour of Laude a Priorie in Leicestershire , bycause he confessed he knew euill against the king and did conceale it , was likewise hanged and headed . (STOW-E2-P1,550.20) Moreouer certaine gray Friers were taken , of the whiche one Richard Friseby , doctour of Diuinitie , being asked what he would do if K. Richard were present , answered , that he woulde fight in his quarrel against any man , euen to the death , wherfore he was condemned , drawen , and hanged in his religious habit and weede . (STOW-E2-P1,550.21) At Daneburie in Essex , vpon Corpus Chrsti day , the Diuell appeared in likenesse of a Gray Frier , who entring the Church , raged insolentlye , to the greate feare of the Parishioners : (STOW-E2-P1,550.22) and the same houre with a tempeste of whyrlewinde and thunder , the toppe of the Steeple was broken downe , (STOW-E2-P1,550.23) and halfe the Chauncel scattered abroade . (STOW-E2-P1,550.24) Shortlye after , sir Roger claringdon Knighte , a bastard sonne to Edward the blacke Prince , and wyth him a Squire and a yeomanne were beheadded , and eyghte Graye Friers hanged and beheaded at London , and two at Leicester , all whiche hadde published King Richard to bee aliue . (STOW-E2-P1,551.25) Owen Glendouerdew , with a company of Welchmen inuaded all the shires that bordered neare vnto hym , wherefore sir Edmund Mortimer wyth manye Knightes and Esquiers wente out to encounter with Owen , stronger than he was of the Countrey : (STOW-E2-P1,551.26) but when it came to martial affayres , their owne Archers turned theyr handes againste them , whome they shoulde haue defended . (STOW-E2-P1,551.27) There were slayne aboue eleauen hundred of our men . (STOW-E2-P1,551.28) Sir Edmunde Mortimer was taken , (STOW-E2-P1,551.29) and the Welchwomen , when y=e= battayle was done , vsing the deade carcasses too shamefullye to bee spoken , woulde not suffer them to be buryed without great raunsome . (STOW-E2-P1,551.30) The Kyng went wyth a greate power into Wales , to pursue Owe~ Glendouerdew , where he profited nothing , but loste muche , (STOW-E2-P1,551.31) for the Welchmen conuayed themselues into vnknowen places : wherefore the King constrayned by necessitie , returned into Englande , after he had spoyled & brent the Country . (STOW-E2-P1,551.32) The same time the Scottes cruelly entred into England , (STOW-E2-P1,551.33) for they supposed all the Lords beyond Humber to be occupyed in the parties of Wales , (STOW-E2-P1,551.34) but the Erles of Northumberlande , Henrie Percie , and his sonne Henrie with the Earle of Dunbarre , that a good whyle agone hauing forsaken the Scottes , had sworne to be true to the King of England with a number of armed men & plentie of archers , sodainly came to resiste the Scottes as they woulde haue retourned home , after they hadde spoyled and brente the Countrey , (STOW-E2-P1,551.35) but nowe vppon a sodayne theyr waye was forelayde , so that they muste needes abyde and take a place to fighte vppon : (STOW-E2-P1,551.36) they chose therefore a mountaine neare to the Towne of Wollor , called Halydowe Hill , in the whiche they place themselues wyth theyr armed men and Archers , which when our men beheld , leauing the way in which they stoode against the Scottes , they clynie {COM:sic} the hill that stoode ouer against the Scottes , (STOW-E2-P1,552.37) and without delaye of time , our Archers placed in the valley , set their arrowes against the Scottes battayle , that they might by some means force them to come downe : (STOW-E2-P1,552.38) on the other side , the Scottishe Archers let flye at our men , who yet after they felt the grieuous waighte , and as it had bin a shower or tempest of the arrowes shotte by the Englishmen , they fledde . (STOW-E2-P1,552.39) The Earle Dowglas perceyuing his men so to flee , for he was their generall leader , tooke hys Speare , (STOW-E2-P1,552.40) and manfullye wyth a multitude came down the Hyll , trusting doubtlesse in his armour and y=e= armour of hys complices that hadde bin three yeares in makyng , (STOW-E2-P1,552.41) and forced himselfe to runne vpon the Archers , whiche when the Archers sawe , they stepped backe , (STOW-E2-P1,552.42) and shotte so fiercely , that they pierced the armed mens bodies , stroke throughe theyr Helmets , ryued their Speares , and rente theyr armoure wyth lyghte adoe . (STOW-E2-P1,552.43) Earle Dowglas hymselfe was wounded in fiue places , (STOW-E2-P1,552.44) the residue of the Scottes that were not come beside the Hyll , turnyng backe from the arrowes that flewe , fledde awaye , (STOW-E2-P1,552.45) but theyr flyghte nothing auayled them whilest the Archers followed them , but that they were compelled to yeelde themselues . (STOW-E2-P1,552.46) Earle Dowglas also was taken , (STOW-E2-P1,552.47) and manye drowned in the Riuer of Tweede , whylest they knewe not the Fourdes , to the number of fiue hundered as was sayde . (STOW-E2-P1,552.48) In thys battayle no Lorde , no Knighte , nor Squire , gaue anye stroke to the enimyes , (STOW-E2-P1,552.49) but onlye God gaue the victorie to the Englishe Archers , the Lordes and armed menne beeyng onelye lookers on . (STOW-E2-P1,552.50) That daye the flower of the Scottishe Chiualrye was taken , to witte , the Earle Dowglas , Murdake the eldest sonne of the duke of Albanie , that was heyre apparente to the Realme of Scotlande : The Earles of Murey , Angus , and Orkeney , the Lordes of Mountgomorie , Erskin , and Gram , with manye other Knyghtes in the number of fourescore , besides Esquires & Yeomen , whose number was not knowne . (STOW-E2-P1,553.51) There were slayne of Barons , the Lord Gordon , the Lord Iohn of Swinton that was false to both the realmes &c . (STOW-E2-P1,553.52) This battayle was fought on the fourteenth of September . (STOW-E2-P1,553.53) RICHARD MARLOW : ROBERT CHICHELEY , (STOW-E2-P1,553.56) THE 8. OF SEPTEMB . (STOW-E2-P1,553.57) SIR IOHN WALCOT DRAPER , (STOW-E2-P1,553.58) THE 28. OF OCTOBER . (STOW-E2-P1,553.59) Edmond Mortimere which before was taken by Owen Glendouerdewe now professed to take Owens part against King Henry , (STOW-E2-P1,553.62) and did contract mariage with the daughter of the sayd Owen . (STOW-E2-P1,553.63) In a Parliament at London which beganne the morrow after Michaelmas day , and lasted seauen weekes , there was granted to the King a tenth and a halfe of the Cleargie , a tenth of the borough townes , and a fifteenth of the commo~s through the Realme . (STOW-E2-P1,553.64) The messengers that had bin sent for Ioane , late wife to Iohn of Mountfort Duke of Breteyne , returned with hir into England , (STOW-E2-P1,553.65) and landed at Falmouth in Cornewall . (STOW-E2-P1,553.66) The King met with hir at Winchester the seauenth of February , where they were married in the churche of Saint Swithen . (STOW-E2-P1,553.67) The sixe and twentith of February she was Crowned at Westminster . (STOW-E2-P1,553.68) In the Sommer following , by the Townes of Bedforde and of Broklesward , Monsters were seene oft times mornings and euenings to come out of the woods , vnder diuers coulours , in the likenesse and similiitude of me~ of warre , which met one with another , and seemed to fight cruell battayles , which although they that were a farre off might see , yet they that were neere hande could not see nor finde , wiche thing deceyued many that coueted to approch & come neere . (STOW-E2-P1,553.69) Henry Percy the yonger , did sodeinly shew himselfe to be the Kings enimie , vnto whome ioyned Thomas Percy Earle of Worcester , Unkle to the sayde Henry : (STOW-E2-P1,553.70) and to make their conspiracie excusable , they did write vnto the Shires about , that they pretended nothing against the alleageance nor fidelitie which they ought to the King , neyther to gather to any other ende an armie , but only for the sauing of their persons , and for the better gouernement of the common wealth , bycause the payments and taskes graunted to the King for the safe custodie of the Realme , were put to such vses as they ought not to be , and were vnprofitably consumed and wasted . (STOW-E2-P1,554.71) Moreouer they complayned , that bycause of the euill slanders which their enimies had made of them , they durst not personally appeare in the Kings presence , vntill the Prelates & Barons had intreated for them , that they might be permitted to purge themselues before the King , and be lawfully iudged by their peeres , so that many that saw their letters , did praise their diligence , & extoll their fidelitie towards the common wealth . (STOW-E2-P1,554.72) But the King being disquieted with these doings , that he might appease the communaltie , he wrote to them , that he maruelled much , that seeing the Earle of Northumberland , & Henry his son had receiued the most part of the payme~ts & summes granted to him by the Cleargy & co~munalite , for y=e= defence of the Marches of Scotland , what occasion they had to make such manifest slanders &c . (STOW-E2-P1,554.73) but the yong Henry Percy putting his co~fidence in the ayd of Owen Glendouerdew , and Edmond Mortimer Earle of March , with the Welchmen , and men of Cheshire , published that King Richard was aliue , and was with them , whom if any ma~ would see , they should without delay come in armour to y=e= Castell of Leycester which declaration made diuers variable motio~s in the hearts of many , & caused the~ to wauer . (STOW-E2-P1,554.74) King Henry considering all things wisely , gathered togither as many as he could , (STOW-E2-P1,554.75) and came sodeinly into the parties where the Rebels kept their rage , (STOW-E2-P1,554.76) and when Henry saw vpon a sodein the Kings banner , and was euen ready to haue scaled y=e= towne of Shrewsburie he streightways desisted fro~ the assault of the towne , (STOW-E2-P1,554.77) and said to his men , we must now needes turne our weapons vpon them that come against vs : (STOW-E2-P1,554.78) ye see the Kings Sta~dert : (STOW-E2-P1,554.79) neither ca~ we , though we would , seeke any startinghole , (STOW-E2-P1,555.80) stand to it manfully therfore , (STOW-E2-P1,555.81) for this day shall eyther bring vs all to promotion and honor , if we ouercome , (STOW-E2-P1,555.82) or else if we be ouercome , it shall deliuer vs fro~ the Kings malice : (STOW-E2-P1,555.83) for it is a more comely thing to die in battell for the co~mon wealth , than after battell to die by the sentence of condemnation by the enimie : (STOW-E2-P1,555.84) & with that , of the best me~ that wer with Henry , made vow & promise to stand by him so long as breath would serue , (STOW-E2-P1,555.85) & they tooke the field that was commodious for them , (STOW-E2-P1,555.86) and the King & his men lay in the field right against the~ . (STOW-E2-P1,555.87) The bowmen of Henry Percy began the battell , whose arrowes fell not vpon the ground , but vpo~ the bodies of the Kings souldiers , (STOW-E2-P1,555.88) and the Kings archers shot as fiercely against their enimies , so that on both sides many were slaine , and many thousands fledde , thinking the King had bin slaine : (STOW-E2-P1,555.89) but the Earle of Dunbar withdrew the King from the place that he stoode in , which was a good turne for him , (STOW-E2-P1,555.90) for the foresayde Henry Percy , & Earle Dowglas the Scot than whome was neuer man more stoute raged so , that the Kings Standert was ouerthrowne , and those about it slaine , among whome was slaine Humfrey Earle of Stafford , Sir Walter Blunt the Kings Standertbearer , Sir Nicholas Langford , Sir Iohn Clifton , and the two brethren Genetels , with many other Knightes & Gentlemen , and of the co~mons on both sides about slaine . (STOW-E2-P1,555.91) Henry the Prince was wou~nded in y=e= face with an arrow . (STOW-E2-P1,555.92) In the meane season Hen. Percy , whilest he went before his me~ in the battel , preasing vpo~ his enimies , was sodeinly slaine , which being knowne , the Kings enimies fled , (STOW-E2-P1,555.93) but the Earle Dowglas was take~ , and also Tho. Percy Earle of Worcester , with Sir Richard Vernon , and the Baron of Kinderton , (STOW-E2-P1,555.94) and many other were taken . (STOW-E2-P1,555.95) This battell was fought on Mary Magdalen eue~ , neere vnto Shrewsburie , in a place called Old field , alias Bull field . (STOW-E2-P1,555.96) On the Monday following , were co~de~ned & beheaded at Shrewsburie y=e= Earle of Worcester , the Baro~ of Kinderton , and Sir Ri. Vernon . (STOW-E2-P1,555.97) The body of Hen. Percy was deliuered to the L. of Furniuale to be buried , (STOW-E2-P1,556.98) but the King caused the same body to be taken by , and to be reposed between two Millstones in the Towne of Shrewsburie , there to be kept with armed men , and afterward to be headed and quartered , commanding his head and quarters to be caried vnto diuers Citeis of the Kingdome . (STOW-E2-P1,556.99) The Earle of Northumberland with a strong power was comming towards his {COM:sic} as men thought or at the least towards the King , (STOW-E2-P1,556.100) but the Earle of Westmerland , and Robert Waterton had gathered a great armie , (STOW-E2-P1,556.101) and had entred to meet him sodeinly , (STOW-E2-P1,556.102) but he taking none of them both to be his friends , returned vnto the Castell of Werworth . (STOW-E2-P1,556.103) When all things were set in a stay at Shrewsburie , the King went towards Yorke , where , when he was setled , he sent to the Earle of Northumberland , commanding him to dismisse his company , and to come to him , (STOW-E2-P1,556.104) and the Earle at the Kings commandement came to him on the morrow after Saint Lawrence daye , (STOW-E2-P1,556.105) but the King receyued him not freindly , but as one that sued for pardon , (STOW-E2-P1,556.106) and pardoning him of his life , committed him to safe custodie . (STOW-E2-P1,556.107) The Britons Amorikes , the Lord of Cassels being their leader , inuaded the Towne of Plimmouth , (STOW-E2-P1,556.108) spoyled and brent it , (STOW-E2-P1,556.109) and went their way free , (STOW-E2-P1,556.110) but immediately the Westerne Nauie , vnder the conduct of William Wilford Esquire , in the coast of Briton , took fortie Shippes laden with Iron , Oyle , Sope , and Wine of Rochell , to the number of a thousand Tonne , (STOW-E2-P1,556.111) and in returning backe agayne , he brent forty shippes , (STOW-E2-P1,556.112) and at Penarch the sayd William arriued with his men , (STOW-E2-P1,556.113) and burned Townes and Lordships the space of sixe leagues , (STOW-E2-P1,556.114) and set the Towne of Saint Mathew on fire , and their Milles about the said Towne . (STOW-E2-P1,556.115) THOMAS FALCONER : THOMAS POOLE , (STOW-E2-P1,556.118) THE 28. OF SEPTEMBER . (STOW-E2-P1,556.119) SIR WILLIAM ASKHAM FISHMONGER , (STOW-E2-P1,556.120) THE 28. OF OCTOBER . (STOW-E2-P1,556.121) A little before Christmas , the Frenchmen came into the isle of Wight , boasting that they would keepe their Christmas there , (STOW-E2-P1,556.124) and when a thousand of the Frenchmen were entred into the Iland , and driuing flockes of Cattell towarde the Sea , sodeinly there came vpon them a company of the Iland men , that forced them to leaue their pray behinde them , and to get them gone with shame ynough to theyr Shippes , with no small losse of their men . (STOW-E2-P1,557.125) In a Parliament holden at London after the Octaues of the Epiphany , the Earle of Northumberland was restored to his former estate and dignitie . (STOW-E2-P1,557.126) And in this Parlamente was graunted vnto the King an vnaccustomed taske , very heauie and paynefull for the inhabitants , the manner of which taske the graunters thereof would haue to be kept secret for euermore : (STOW-E2-P1,557.127) and vnder that condition only it was graunted , that it should not be any example to them that should come after , and that there should remayne no record thereof , but the same forthwith to be brent . (STOW-E2-P1,557.128) The Frenchmen about that time came before the Ile of Wight with a great Nauie , (STOW-E2-P1,557.129) and sente certayne of their men to demaund in the name of King Richard , and of Queene Isabell , a tribute or subsedie of the inhabitants , who answered , that King Richard was dead , and the Queene , sometime his wife , was sent home to hir parents , withoute condition of any tribute : (STOW-E2-P1,557.130) but if the Frenchmens minde were to fight , they willed them to come vp , (STOW-E2-P1,557.131) and no man should let them for the space of sixe houres to refresh themselues , (STOW-E2-P1,557.132) but when that time were exspired , they should haue battayle giuen to them , which when the Frenchmen heard , they went away , and did nothing . (STOW-E2-P1,557.133) The Lord of Cassels in Briteine , arriued at Blackepoole , two mile out of Dertmouth with a great Nauie , where of the rusticall people , whome he euere despised , he was slayne . (STOW-E2-P1,557.134) There were take~ that day three Lords , & twenty Knightes of name , (STOW-E2-P1,557.135) and the vplandish people presenting their captiues to the King , returned with their pursses full of gold . (STOW-E2-P1,557.136) In the moneth of Aprill , the Cleargie granted vnto the King a tenth . (STOW-E2-P1,557.137) All the sommer following , Owen Glendouerdewe and his Welchmen , robbed , burne , and destroy the Countreys adioyning vnto them : (STOW-E2-P1,558.138) he tooke many captiues (STOW-E2-P1,558.139) and slew many Englishmen : (STOW-E2-P1,558.140) he layde flatte certayne Castels that he had taken , (STOW-E2-P1,558.141) and some he kept for his owne defence . (STOW-E2-P1,558.142) The Flemings and Briteines took certayne Shippes of oures laden with Merchandizes , (STOW-E2-P1,558.143) and slew or hanged all the marriners . (STOW-E2-P1,558.144) The olde Countesse of Oxford , mother to Robert de Vere Duke of Ireland , who as we sayde before died at Louaine did cause such as were familiar with hir , to brute throughout all the parts of Estsex , that King Richard was aliue , and that he should shortly come and chalenge his old estate and dignitie . (STOW-E2-P1,558.145) She caused many Harts of Siluer , and some of Gold , to be made for badges , such as King Richard was wont to bestow on his knightes , Esquires , & friendes , that distributing them in the Kings name , she might the sooner allure the Knightes , and other valiant men of the Countrey , to be at hir will and desire . (STOW-E2-P1,558.146) Also , the fame and brute whiche dayle was blazed abroade by one William Serle , sometimes of King Richards Chamber , that the same King Richard was in Scotland , and tarried with a power of French and Scottishmen , caused many to beleeue that he was aliue . (STOW-E2-P1,558.147) This William Serle had forged a priuie Seale in the said King Richards name , (STOW-E2-P1,558.148) and had sent diuers comfortable letters vnto such as were familiar with King Richarde , by which meanes , many gaue the greater credite to the Countesse , in so much , that some religious Abbots of that Countrey did giue credite vnto hir tales , who afterward were taken of the Kings commandement and emprisoned , bycause they did beleeue and giue credit to the Countesse in this behalfe , (STOW-E2-P1,558.149) and the Countesse had all hir goodes confiscate , (STOW-E2-P1,558.150) & was co~mitted to close prison : (STOW-E2-P1,558.151) and William Serle was drawne fro~ Pomfret , through the chiefest Cities of England , & put to death at London . (STOW-E2-P1,558.152) About the feast of S. Iohn Baptist , at the Kings commandement , the Earle of Northumberla~d came to Pomfret , (STOW-E2-P1,558.153) & brought with him his Nephues , & nephues sonnes , by which doing he mitigated the mindes of many , whiche thought that he had giuen the yong men counsell to rebell . (STOW-E2-P1,559.154) There came also with him William Clifford Knight , who brought with him that William Serle K. Richards chamberlain , whom we spake of before , who by a wile he had caught and apprehended , by which doing , the King held him excused , and pardoned him , for that he had kept the Castell of Berwike against the Kings will and pleasure . (STOW-E2-P1,559.155) WILLIAM LOUTH : STEPHEN SPILMAN , (STOW-E2-P1,559.158) THE 28. OF SEPTEMBER . (STOW-E2-P1,559.159) SIR IOHN HINDE , DRAPER , (STOW-E2-P1,559.160) THE 28. OF OCTOBER . (STOW-E2-P1,559.161) About the feast of Saint Faith , the King called a Parliament at Couentry (STOW-E2-P1,559.164) and sent processe to the Sheriffes that they should choose no Knights nor burgesses that had any knowledge in the lawes of the Realme , by reason wherof , it was called the Lay mans Parliame~t . (STOW-E2-P1,559.165) These piked out Knights and Burgesses , could deuise none other way to releeue the Kings lacke of money , but to depriue the Cleargie of their temporall lands and goodes : (STOW-E2-P1,559.166) but Thomas Arundell Archbishop of Canterbury made answere , that the Cleargie did alwayes giue the King as much as the Lay people did , considering that they did oftener giue the King tenthes , than the laytie gaue fifteenes : and moreouer , that more of their Tenants did serue the King in his warres , tha~ of the Tenants of the laytie : (STOW-E2-P1,559.167) and besides this , they prayed for the prosperitie of the King , and of all them that faithfully serued him . (STOW-E2-P1,559.168) And whe~ the speker of y=e Parliame~t said with a loud voice , that he little regarded y=e= prayers of the Church , the Archbishop of Ca~terbury answered : then quoth he I know to what end the fortune of the Realme will come , whe~ the suffrages of y=e= Church are not set by , wherwith y=e= Godhead is wont to be appeased : (STOW-E2-P1,559.169) surely that Kingdome neuer co~tinueth stable y=t= is voyde of prayer & deuotion : (STOW-E2-P1,559.170) notwithstanding , thinke not that thou shalt without punishme~t take away the possessio~s of the church , (STOW-E2-P1,559.171) for if the Archbishoop of Canterburie liue , thou shalte haue euill taking of any thing that is his . (STOW-E2-P1,559.172) Then the Archbishoppe rose vppe , (STOW-E2-P1,559.173) and kneeled downe before the King , desiring hym to consider howe gratiouslie , and by Gods fauour he had atteyned to the Kingdome , that he would co~sider his first promis , which was , that he would preserue vnto euery man their right and title so farre as lay in him . (STOW-E2-P1,560.174) He also willed him to remember the oth which he voluntarily made , which was , that he would honor and defend the Church , and Ministers thereof , wherefore he desired him to permit and suffer the church to enioy the priuiledges and liberties which in time of his predecessors it did enioy , and to feare that King , by whome all Kings doe raigne . (STOW-E2-P1,560.175) When the Archbishop had said these and like words , the King commanded him to go to his seate againe , (STOW-E2-P1,560.176) and sayde , that his intent and purpose was to leaue the Church in as good state or better than he found it . (STOW-E2-P1,560.177) And then the Archbishop speaking to the Knightes and burgesses , sayde : you , and such like as you be , haue giuen such counsell vnto our King , and to his predecessors , to confiscate the goodes of the Celles whiche the Frenchmen and Normans did possesse in England , and sayd , that by them he should heape by great riches , as in deed they were worth many thousands of gold : (STOW-E2-P1,560.178) notwithstanding it is most true that the King at this day is not the richer thereby of halfe a Marke , (STOW-E2-P1,560.179) for you haue extorted , or at the least begged them out of this handes , (STOW-E2-P1,560.180) and haue appropriated the saide goodes vnto your selues , so that it may be coniectured that your request to haue our temporalities , is not for the Kings profite , but for your owne couetousnesse : (STOW-E2-P1,560.181) for without doubt , if the King as God forbid he should fulfill your wicked purpose , he should not be one farthing the richer the next yere following : (STOW-E2-P1,560.182) and surely , I will sooner let my head be cut off , than that the Churche should be destitute of the least right that perteyneth to it &c . (STOW-E2-P1,560.183) The Cleargie granted a tenth and a halfe , and the commons two fifteenes , on condition the Lord Furniuall should receyue it to spend on the Kings warres . (STOW-E2-P1,560.184) The same time such abondance of water brake sodeinly ouer the bankes in Kent , as was neuer seene the like in those partes , whereby were drowned Beastes and Cattell without number : (STOW-E2-P1,561.185) neyther did England only bewayle theyr losses , (STOW-E2-P1,561.186) but also Zeland , Flanders , and Holland susteyned the like , by the great excesse of waters . (STOW-E2-P1,561.187) This yeare died William Wikeham Bishop of Winchester , by whose charge and trauell , the Cleargie of England was much encreased , (STOW-E2-P1,561.188) for he builded a notable Colledge in Oxford , for the encrease of learning , where he placed the Warden and his company , to the number of lxx. besides children , seruants , and tenne Priestes , to keepe dayly service , enduing the sayd company with sufficient lands . (STOW-E2-P1,561.189) He beganne the foundation of a new colledge at Winchster , (STOW-E2-P1,561.190) and in sixe yeares finished the same , where he placed the like number of Schollers to learne their Gra~mer , and other principles , to be sent afterward to his other colledge at Oxford . (STOW-E2-P1,561.191) These two colledges are called the new Colledges , dedicated to our blessed Lady . (STOW-E2-P1,561.192) He builded the great body of the Church of Saint Swithens in Winchester , where the Sermons are made , & where his body is enterred , a very princely worke : (STOW-E2-P1,561.193) neyther did he for all this diminish any thing of his ordinarie housholde charges , (STOW-E2-P1,561.194) and fedde as the writing engraued on his Sepulchre sheweth both rich and poore . (STOW-E2-P1,561.195) He deceassed at the age of fourescore yeares . (STOW-E2-P1,561.196) He dyed rich , (STOW-E2-P1,561.197) for beside that he gaue to his kinsefolks and to the poore , he gaue somewhat to euery Church in his Dioces . (STOW-E2-P1,561.198) He gaue many things to the King , and to his owne seruants , and to his Colledges : (STOW-E2-P1,561.199) neyther do I doubt but y=t= he that thus liued , is now with God , whome I beseech to reyse vp many like Bishops in England . (STOW-E2-P1,561.200) Iohn Leland writeth by the reporte of Doctor London that this William Wikeham was borne at Wickham in Hampshire , and was sonne to one William Perot , parishe clarke there , of which place he tooke his surname : and that one Mayster Wodale of Wicke brought him vp at schole , where he learned his Grammer , and to write faire . (STOW-E2-P1,561.201) After this , the Connestable of Winchester Castell , at that time a great ruler in Hampshire gote Perot , alias Wickham of Widall , (STOW-E2-P1,562.202) and made him his Clearke . (STOW-E2-P1,562.203) Edward the third comming to Winchester Castell , liked Wickham , (STOW-E2-P1,562.204) and tooke him to seruice , (STOW-E2-P1,562.205) and vnderstanding that he had mind to be a Priest , made him first Parson of Saint Martins in London , and then Deane of Saint Martins le Graund , and then Archdeacon of Buckingham . (STOW-E2-P1,562.206) He made him also surveyor of his buildings , as of Windsore , Quinborow , in Kent , and other buildings . (STOW-E2-P1,562.207) After this , he preferred him to be bearer of the priuie Seale , mayster of the Wardes and Forests , and Treasourer of the Kings reuenue in France , then Bishop of Winchester , Chancellour and Tresourer of England , as it very manifestly sayth Iohn Leyland appeareth by writing . (STOW-E2-P1,562.208) The blacke Prince scant fauoured Wickham , wherefore Wickham procured to keepe the Prince in battell out of the Realme , (STOW-E2-P1,562.209) but at length Iohn of Gaunt Duke of Lancester , and Alice Peeres , Concubine to Edward the third , caused him to be banished the Realme , (STOW-E2-P1,562.210) and then he dwelled in Normandy and Picardie seauen yeares , Edward the thirde yet liuing ; (STOW-E2-P1,562.211) but he was restored about the second yeare of Richard the second , of whome he had a generall pardon . (STOW-E2-P1,562.212) About the feast of Saint Valentine the sonnes of the Earle of March were taken out of the Castell of Windsore , and ledde away into Wales to Owen Glendouerdewe , (STOW-E2-P1,562.213) but shortly after were recouered againe . (STOW-E2-P1,562.214) The Smith that made the keyes , by the which they that conuayde them got into them , had first his hands , and then his head cut off . (STOW-E2-P1,562.215) The Lady Spencer , sister to the Duke of Yorke , and widow of Thomas Lord Spencer , before executed at Brixton , being apprehended , and committed to prison , accused hir brother the Duke of Yorke to be chiefe author , in stealing away of the Earle of Marches sonnes , wherefore the sayde Duke was kept by Sir Iohn Pelham in the Castell of Pemsey till the next Parliament . (STOW-E2-P1,562.216) After the feast of the Purification of our Lady , the King assembled his Barons at London , to treate of the gouernement of the Realme , and to haue ayde of money to be giuen him , (STOW-E2-P1,563.217) but the Nobles would not at the time obey his request . (STOW-E2-P1,563.218) In the Lent following therefore , the King caused the Cleargie and the Barons to assemble at Saint Albans for the matter aforesayd , (STOW-E2-P1,563.219) but by reason the nobles stroue against him , there was nothing done , (STOW-E2-P1,563.220) and so departed on Palme sonday . (STOW-E2-P1,563.221) About the fifteenth of March , in a fight betwixt the Englishmen and Welchmen , the sone of Owen Glendouerdewe was taken , (STOW-E2-P1,563.222) and fifteene hundred with him were taken or slayne . (STOW-E2-P1,563.223) Henry Percy Earle of Northumberland , Richard Scrope Archbishop of York , Thomas Mowbry Earle Marshall , Thomas Lord Bardolph , and other , co~spiring against King Henry , assembled togither the Citizens of Yorke , and many other , to stand with them for the commodities of the Realm . (STOW-E2-P1,563.224) And to animate the commons to be the readier vnto this businesse , they set articles vpo~ the dores of the Monasteries & Churches of the same Citie , written in English agaynste the King , bycause he had put downe King Richard , offering themselues for those articles to liue and die , which caused great number of people to resort to them : (STOW-E2-P1,563.225) but Ralph Neuill Earle of Westermerland that was not farre off , togither with Iohn duke of Lancaster the Kings sonne , being enformed of these things , gathered an armie with speede to goe against the Archbishops company , (STOW-E2-P1,563.226) but all was in vayne , (STOW-E2-P1,563.227) for the Archbishops power was farre greater than theirs , wherevpon , the Earle of Westmerland sente messengers , to enquire of the Archbishop the cause of so great an assembly in armour , contrarie to the Kings peace , wherevnto the Archbishop answered , that he tooke nothing in hand against the Kings peace , and he was in armour and munited with men , only for feare of the King , whome he could not safely come vnto to speake , (STOW-E2-P1,563.228) but his purpose he said was good and co~modious both-1 for y=e= King & Realme , if happily they would know it : (STOW-E2-P1,563.229) & the~ he shewed a scedule , in which y=e= articles were conteyned , which when the Earle of Westmerland had read , he with word and countenacne praysed the Bishops holy and vertuous intent , and promised , that he and his would prosecute the same with the Archbishop . (STOW-E2-P1,564.230) The Archbishop being glad of this , beleeued the Earles words , (STOW-E2-P1,564.231) & perswaded the Earle , being vnwilling therevnto , to go with him to a place appointed to talke togither , to whome they with like number came , and the writing with the Articles was read ouer : (STOW-E2-P1,564.232) streightway the Earle and they that were with him gaue their assent to these articles , (STOW-E2-P1,564.233) then sayde the Earle being subtiller than the rest , behold the labour that we haue take~ in hand is come to such end as we would haue it , (STOW-E2-P1,564.234) and the people hath now bin long in armour , (STOW-E2-P1,564.235) let some of your me~ beare word vnto the people to go their way home , and to lay downe their armour , (STOW-E2-P1,564.236) and euery ma~ to fall to his occupation , and accustomed labour : (STOW-E2-P1,564.237) in the meane season we , in token of concord will drinke togither , that the people on both sides shall see it , (STOW-E2-P1,564.238) and without delay , after they had take~ each other by the hands , a Knight was sent on the Archbishops behalfe , to beare word to y=e= people that it was peace , and to command euery man to lay downe their armour , and to go to their owne home . (STOW-E2-P1,564.239) The people beholding signes of peace , & the Lords drinking togither , being aweeried with the vnaccustomed trauell of war , turned the reines of their bridles homewards , (STOW-E2-P1,564.240) and so it came to passe y=t= whe~ the people of the y=e= Archbishops side went away , y=e nu~ber of the aduersaries increased as before it was appointed , (STOW-E2-P1,564.241) & the Archbishop did not perceiue y=t= he was betrayd , vntill such time as y=e= Earle arrested him : (STOW-E2-P1,564.242) he arrested the Marshall also , and many other with him , to all which it was promised y=t= they should haue no harme , (STOW-E2-P1,564.243) but that promise was not kept , (STOW-E2-P1,564.244) for both the Archbishop & the Earle Marshall were beheaded when the King came to Yorke the morrow after Whitsonday . (STOW-E2-P1,564.245) After this , whe~ the King had punished the me~ of Yorke at his pleasure , he set forth with an armie to pursue the Earle of Northumberland , and Thomas Lord Bardolph , (STOW-E2-P1,564.246) and tooke all manner of munition with him , and an armie of 37. thousand fighting men . (STOW-E2-P1,565.247) The Earle of Northumberland perceyuing the Kings intent , gote himselfe to Berwike with three hundred horsse , and fro~ thence into Scotland . (STOW-E2-P1,565.248) The King being bent against the Earle of Northumberland , went to Berwike , from whence the Earle fledde into Scotland , and the Lord Bardolph with him , whome Dauid Lord Fleming the Scotte receyued into alliance . (STOW-E2-P1,565.249) The King vndersta~ding that the Earle was fled , he commanded them in the Castell to render it vnto him , whiche when they refused to do , the King caused a greate Gunne to be shotte , which ouerthrewe parte of a Tower , wherevpon they of the Castell gaue ouer , and submitted themselues to the King , who caused some of them to be beheaded , and the residue to be sent to prisons . (STOW-E2-P1,565.250) After this , the Castell of Alnewike , and the rest of the Earles Castels , were with small ado rendred to his handes , with which successe , the King being encouraged , went streight into Wales , where contrarywise nothing prospered with him , wherefore he returned , loosing Charets , Cartes , and Wagons to the number of with his Treasure , so that comming backe to Worcester , he sent for the Archbishop and Bishops , and declared to them his misfortune , desiring the~ to help him : to whome the Archbishop answered , that he woulde talke with the Cleargie in that matter . (STOW-E2-P1,565.251) In the meane season the Frenchmen came to succour the Welchmen with shippes : (STOW-E2-P1,565.252) they landed in Milford Hauen , hauing lost almost all their horsses for lacke of fresh water . (STOW-E2-P1,565.253) The Lord Barkley and Henry Pay burnt fifteene of those Shippes in the same Hauen . (STOW-E2-P1,565.254) These Frenchmen beseeged the Towne of Carmarden , (STOW-E2-P1,565.255) and tooke it , graunting to the inhabitants all their moueable goodes , and to goe whether they would . (STOW-E2-P1,565.256) The same time the foresayed Lorde Barkley , Thomas Swinborn , and Henry Pay , tooke fourteene Shippes of the French , in the whiche they tooke the Steward of France , and eight Captaynes more . (STOW-E2-P1,565.257) The Towne of Reystone in Hartfordshire was brent . (STOW-E2-P1,565.258)