CHAP. V. (WALTON-E3-P2,237.3) More Directions how to Fish for , and how to make for the Trout an Artificial Minnow , and Flies , with some Merriment . (WALTON-E3-P2,237.6) Pisc. Well met Brother Peter , (WALTON-E3-P2,237.8) I heard you and a friend would lodge here to night , (WALTON-E3-P2,237.9) and that hath made me to bring my Friend to lodge here too . (WALTON-E3-P2,237.10) My Friend is one that would fain be a Brother of the Angle , (WALTON-E3-P2,237.11) he hath been an Angler but this day , (WALTON-E3-P2,237.12) and I have taught him how to catch a Chub by daping with a Grasshopper , (WALTON-E3-P2,237.13) and the Chub he caught was a lusty one of nineteen inches long . (WALTON-E3-P2,237.14) But pray Brother Peter who is your companion ? (WALTON-E3-P2,237.15) Peter . Brother Piscator , my friend is an honest Country-man , (WALTON-E3-P2,237.16) and his name is Coridon , (WALTON-E3-P2,237.17) and he is a downright witty companion that met me here purposely to be pleasant and eat a Trout , (WALTON-E3-P2,237.18) And I have not yet wetted my Line since we met together : (WALTON-E3-P2,237.19) but I hope to fit him with a Trout for his breakfast , (WALTON-E3-P2,237.20) for $I $'ll {TEXT:I'le} be early up . (WALTON-E3-P2,237.21) Pisc. Nay Brother , you shall not stay so long : (WALTON-E3-P2,237.22) for look you here is a Trout will fill six reasonable bellies . (WALTON-E3-P2,238.23) Come Hostess , (WALTON-E3-P2,238.24) dress it presently , (WALTON-E3-P2,238.25) and get us what other meat the house will afford , (WALTON-E3-P2,238.26) and give us some of your best Barly-wine , the good liquor that our honest Fore-fathers did use to drink of ; the drink which preserved their health , and made them live so long , and to do so many good deeds . (WALTON-E3-P2,238.27) Peter . O' my word this Trout is perfect in season . (WALTON-E3-P2,238.28) Come , I thank you , (WALTON-E3-P2,238.29) and here is a hearty draught to you , and to all the brothers of the Angle wheresoever they be , and to my young brothers good fortune to morrow : (WALTON-E3-P2,238.30) I will furnish him with a Rod , if you will furnish him with the rest of the Tackling ; (WALTON-E3-P2,238.31) we will set him up and make him a Fisher . (WALTON-E3-P2,238.32) And I will tell him one thing for his encouragement , that his fortune hath made him happy to be Scholar to such a Master ; a Master that knows as much both-2 of the nature and breeding of fish as any man : and can also tell him as well how to catch and cook them , from the Minnow to the Salmon , as any that I ever met withall . (WALTON-E3-P2,238.33) Pisc. Trust me , brother Peter , (WALTON-E3-P2,238.34) I find my Scholar to be so sutable to my own humour , which is to be free and pleasant , and civilly merry , that my resolution is to hide nothing that I know from him . (WALTON-E3-P2,238.35) Believe me , Scholar , this is my resolution ; (WALTON-E3-P2,238.36) and so $here $'s {TEXT:here's} to you a hearty draught , and to all that love us , and the honest Art of Angling . (WALTON-E3-P2,238.37) Ven. Trust me , good Master , you shall not sow your seed in barren ground , (WALTON-E3-P2,238.38) for I hope to return you an increase answerable to your hopes ; (WALTON-E3-P2,238.39) but however you shall find me obedient , and thankful , and serviceable to my best abilitie . (WALTON-E3-P2,238.40) Pisc. $'T $is {TEXT:'Tis} enough , honest Scholar , (WALTON-E3-P2,238.41) come (WALTON-E3-P2,238.42) $let $'s {TEXT:lets} to supper . (WALTON-E3-P2,238.43) Come my friend Coridon , (WALTON-E3-P2,238.44) this Trout looks lovely , (WALTON-E3-P2,238.45) it was twentie two inches when it was taken , (WALTON-E3-P2,238.46) and the belly of it looked some part of it as yellow as a Marigold , and part of it as white as a lilly , (WALTON-E3-P2,238.47) and yet $me $thinks {TEXT:methinks} it looks better in this good sawce . (WALTON-E3-P2,238.48) Cor. Indeed honest friend , it looks well , (WALTON-E3-P2,238.49) and tastes well , (WALTON-E3-P2,238.50) I thank you for it , (WALTON-E3-P2,238.51) and so doth my friend Peter , (WALTON-E3-P2,238.52) or else he is to blame . (WALTON-E3-P2,238.53) Pet. Yes , and so I do , (WALTON-E3-P2,238.54) we all thank you , (WALTON-E3-P2,238.55) and when we have supt , I will get my friend Coridon to sing you a Song for requital . (WALTON-E3-P2,239.56) Cor. I will sing a song , if any body will sing another ; (WALTON-E3-P2,239.57) else , to be plain with you , I will sing none : (WALTON-E3-P2,239.58) I am none of those that sing for meat , but for company : (WALTON-E3-P2,239.59) I say , $'T $is {TEXT:Tis} merry in Hall , when men sing all . (WALTON-E3-P2,239.60) Pisc. $I $'ll {TEXT:I'l} promise you $I $'ll {TEXT:I'l} sing a song that was lately made at my request , by Mr. William Basse , one that hath made the choice songs of the Hunter in his cariere , and of Tom of Bedlam , and many others of note ; (WALTON-E3-P2,239.61) and this that I will sing is in praise of Angling . (WALTON-E3-P2,239.62) Cor. And then mine shall be the praise of a Country mans life : (WALTON-E3-P2,239.63) What will the rest sing of ? (WALTON-E3-P2,239.64) Pet. I will promise you , I will sing another song in praise of Angling to morrow night , (WALTON-E3-P2,239.65) for we will not part till then , but Fish to morrow , and sup together , and the next day every man leave Fishing , and fall to his businesse . (WALTON-E3-P2,239.66) Venat. $'T $is {TEXT:'Tis} a match , (WALTON-E3-P2,239.67) and I will provide you a Song or a Catch against then too , which shall give some addition of mirth to the company ; (WALTON-E3-P2,239.68) for we will be civil and as merry as beggers . (WALTON-E3-P2,239.69) Pisc. $'T $is {TEXT:'Tis} a match my Masters , (WALTON-E3-P2,239.70) $let $'s {TEXT:lets} ev'n say Grace , and turn to the fire , drink the other cup to wet our whistles , and so sing away all sad thoughts . (WALTON-E3-P2,239.71) Come on my Masters , (WALTON-E3-P2,239.72) who begins ? (WALTON-E3-P2,239.73) I think it is best to draw cuts , and avoid contention . (WALTON-E3-P2,239.74) Pet. It is a match . (WALTON-E3-P2,239.75) Look , the shortest cut falls to Coridon . (WALTON-E3-P2,239.76) Cor. Well then , I will begin , (WALTON-E3-P2,239.77) for I hate contention . (WALTON-E3-P2,239.78) {COM:song_omitted} Pisc. Well sung Coridon , (WALTON-E3-P2,241.81) this song was sung with mettle ; (WALTON-E3-P2,241.82) and it was choicely fitted to the occasion ; (WALTON-E3-P2,241.83) I shall love you for it as long as I know you ; (WALTON-E3-P2,241.84) I would you were a brother of the Angle , (WALTON-E3-P2,241.85) for a companion that is chearful , and free from swearing and scurrilous discourse , is worth gold . (WALTON-E3-P2,241.86) I love such mirth as does not make friends ashamed to look upon one another next morning ; nor men that $can $not {TEXT:cannot} well bear it to repent the money they spend when they be warmed with drink : (WALTON-E3-P2,241.87) and take this for a rule , (WALTON-E3-P2,241.88) You may pick out such times and such companies , that you may make your selves merrier for a little than a great deal of money ; (WALTON-E3-P2,241.89) for $'T $is {TEXT:Tis} the company and not the charge that makes the feast : (WALTON-E3-P2,241.90) and such a companion you prove , (WALTON-E3-P2,241.91) I thank you for it . (WALTON-E3-P2,241.92) But I will not complement you out of the debt that I owe you , (WALTON-E3-P2,241.93) and therefore I will begin my Song and wish it may be so well liked . (WALTON-E3-P2,241.94) {COM:song_omitted} Cor. Well sung (WALTON-E3-P2,243.97) brother , you have paid your debt in good coin , (WALTON-E3-P2,243.98) we Anglers are all beholding to the good man that made this Song . (WALTON-E3-P2,243.99) Come Hostess , (WALTON-E3-P2,243.100) give us more Ale , (WALTON-E3-P2,243.101) and $let $'s {TEXT:lets} drink to him . (WALTON-E3-P2,243.102) And now $let $'s {TEXT:lets} every one go to bed that we may rise early ; (WALTON-E3-P2,243.103) but first $let $'s {TEXT:lets} pay our reckoning , (WALTON-E3-P2,243.104) for I will have nothing to hinder me in the morning , (WALTON-E3-P2,243.105) for my purpose is to prevent the Sun-rising . (WALTON-E3-P2,243.106) Pet. A match ; (WALTON-E3-P2,243.107) Come Coridon , (WALTON-E3-P2,243.108) you are to be my Bed-fellow : (WALTON-E3-P2,243.109) I know , brother , you and your Scholar will lie together ; (WALTON-E3-P2,243.110) but where shall we meet to morrow night ? (WALTON-E3-P2,243.111) for my friend Coridon and I will go up the water towards Ware . (WALTON-E3-P2,243.112) Pisc. And my Scholar and I will go down towards Waltham . (WALTON-E3-P2,243.113) Cor. Then $let $'s {TEXT:lets} meet here , (WALTON-E3-P2,243.114) for here are fresh sheets that smell of Lavender , (WALTON-E3-P2,243.115) and I am sure we $can $not {TEXT:cannot} expect better meat , or better usage in any place . (WALTON-E3-P2,243.116) Pet. $'T $is {TEXT:'Tis} a match . (WALTON-E3-P2,243.117) Good night to every body . (WALTON-E3-P2,243.118) Pisc. And so say I . (WALTON-E3-P2,243.119) Venat. And so say I . (WALTON-E3-P2,243.120) Pisc. Good morrow good Hostess , I see my brother Peter is still in bed : (WALTON-E3-P2,243.121) Come give my Scholar and me a Morning-drink , and a bit of meat to breakfast , (WALTON-E3-P2,243.122) and be sure to get a good dish of meat or two against supper , (WALTON-E3-P2,243.123) for we shall come home as hungry as Hawks . (WALTON-E3-P2,243.124) Come Scholar , (WALTON-E3-P2,243.125) $let $'s {TEXT:lets} be going . (WALTON-E3-P2,243.126) Venat. Well now , good Master , as we walk towards the River give me direction , according to your promise , how I shall fish for a Trout . (WALTON-E3-P2,244.127) Pisc. My honest Scholar , I will take this very convenient opportunity to do it . (WALTON-E3-P2,244.128) The Trout is usually caught with a worm or a Minnow , which some call a Penk or with a flie , viz. either a natural or an artificial flie : concerning which three I will give you some observations and directions . (WALTON-E3-P2,244.129) And first for Worms : Of these there be very many sorts ; (WALTON-E3-P2,244.130) some breed only in the earth , as the Earth-worm ; others of or amongst Plants , as the Dug-worm ; (WALTON-E3-P2,244.131) and others breed either out of excrements , or in the bodies of living creatures , as in the horns of Sheep or Deer ; or some of dead flesh , as the Maggot or gentle , and others . (WALTON-E3-P2,244.132) Now these be most of them particularly good for particular Fishes : (WALTON-E3-P2,244.133) but for the Trout the dew-worm , which some also call the Lob-worm and the Brandling are the chief ; (WALTON-E3-P2,244.134) and especially the first for a great Trout , and the latter for a less . (WALTON-E3-P2,244.135) There be also of Lob-worms some called squirrel-tailes , a worm that has a red head , a streak down the back and a broad tail which are noted to be the best , because they are the toughest and most lively , and live longest in the water : (WALTON-E3-P2,244.136) for you are to know , that a dead worm is but a dead bait and like to catch nothing , compared to a lively , quick , stirring worm : (WALTON-E3-P2,244.137) and for a Brandling , he is usually found in an old dunghil , or some very rotten place near to it : but most usually in Cow-dung , or hogs-dung , rather than horse-dung , which is somewhat too hot and dry for that worm . (WALTON-E3-P2,244.138) But the best of them are to be found in the bark of the Tanners which they cast up in heaps after they have used it about their leather . (WALTON-E3-P2,245.139) There are also divers other kinds of worms which for colour and shape alter even as the ground out of which they are got : as the marsh-worm , the tag-tail , the flag-worm , the dock-worm , the oakworm , the gilt-tayle , the twachel or lob-worm which of all others is the most excellent bait for a Salmon and too many to name , even as many sorts , as some think there be of several hearbs or shrubs , or of several kinds of birds in the air ; of which I shall say no more , but tell you , that what worms soever you fish with , are the better for being well scowred , that is long kept , before they be used ; (WALTON-E3-P2,245.140) and in case you have not been so provident , then the way to cleanse and scowr them quickly , is to put them all night in water , if they be Lob-worms , and then put them into your bag with fennel : (WALTON-E3-P2,245.141) but you must not put your Brandlings above an hour in water , and then put them into fennel for suddain use : (WALTON-E3-P2,245.142) but if you have time and purpose to keep them long , then they be best preserved in an earthen pot with good store of Mosse , which is to be fresh every three or four dayes in Summer , and every week or eight dayes in Winter : or at least the mosse taken from them , and clean washed , and wrung betwixt your hands till it be dry , (WALTON-E3-P2,245.143) and then put it to them again . (WALTON-E3-P2,245.144) And when your worms , especially the Brandling , begins to be sick , and lose of his bigness , then you may recover him , by putting a little milk or cream about a spoonful in a day into them by drops on the mosse ; (WALTON-E3-P2,245.145) and if there be added to the cream $an {TEXT:as} egge beaten and boiled in it , then it will both fatten and preserve them long . (WALTON-E3-P2,245.146) And note , that when the knot , which is near to the middle of the brandling begins to swell , then he is sick , and , if he be not well look'd to , is near dying . (WALTON-E3-P2,245.147) And for mosse , you are to note , that there be divers kinds of it , which I could name to you , (WALTON-E3-P2,245.148) but will onely tell you , that that which is likest a Bucks-Horn is the best , except it be soft white moss , which grows on some heaths , and is hard to be found . (WALTON-E3-P2,246.149) And note , that in a very dry time , when you are put to an extremity for worms , Walnut-tree leaves squeez'd into water , or salt in water , to make it bitter or salt , and then that water poured on the ground , where you shall see worms are used to rise in the night , will make them to appear above ground presently . (WALTON-E3-P2,246.150) And you may take notice some say that Camphire put into your bag with your mosse and worms , gives them a strong and so tempting a smell , that the fish fare the worse and you the better for it . (WALTON-E3-P2,246.151) And now , I shall shew you how to bait your hook with a worm , so as shall prevent you from much trouble , and the loss of many a hook too ; (WALTON-E3-P2,246.152) when you Fish for a Trout with a running line : that is to say , when you fish for him by hand at the ground , I will direct you in this as plainly as I can , that you may not mistake . (WALTON-E3-P2,246.153) Suppose it be a big Lob-worm , (WALTON-E3-P2,246.154) put your hook into him somewhat above the middle , and out again a little below the middle : (WALTON-E3-P2,246.155) having so done , draw your worm above the arming of your hook , (WALTON-E3-P2,246.156) but note that at the entring of your hook it must not-1 be at the head-end of the worm , but at the tail-end of him , that the point of your hook may come out toward the head-end (WALTON-E3-P2,246.157) and having drawn him above the arming of your hook , then put the point of your hook into the very head of the worm , till it come near to the place where the point of the hook first came out : (WALTON-E3-P2,246.158) and then draw back that part of the worm that was above the shank or arming of your hook , (WALTON-E3-P2,246.159) and so fish with it . (WALTON-E3-P2,246.160) And if you mean to fish with two worms , then put the second on before you turn back the hooks-head of the first worm ; (WALTON-E3-P2,246.161) you $can $not {TEXT:cannot} lose above two or three worms before you attain to what I direct you ; (WALTON-E3-P2,246.162) and having attain'd it , you will find it very useful , and thank me for it : (WALTON-E3-P2,246.163) For you will run on the ground without tangling . (WALTON-E3-P2,246.164) Now for the Minnow or Penk , he is not easily found and caught till March , or in April , (WALTON-E3-P2,246.165) for then he appears first in the River , Nature having taught him to shelter and hide himself in the Winter in ditches that be near to the River , and there both to hide and keep himself warm in the mud or in the weeds , which rot not so soon as in a running River , in which place if he were in Winter , the distempered Floods that are usually in that season , would suffer him to take no rest , but carry him head-long to Mills and Weires to his confusion . (WALTON-E3-P2,247.166) And of these Minnows , first you are to know , that the biggest size is not the best ; and next , that the middle size and the whitest are the best : (WALTON-E3-P2,247.167) and then you are to know , that your Minnow must be so put on your hook that it must turn round when $'t $is {TEXT:'tis} drawn against the stream , (WALTON-E3-P2,247.168) and that it may turn nimbly , you must put it on a big-sized hook as I shall now direct you , which is thus . (WALTON-E3-P2,247.169) Put your hook in at his mouth and out at his gill , (WALTON-E3-P2,247.170) then having drawn your hook 2 or 3 inches beyond or through his gill , put it again into his mouth , and the point and beard out at his taile , (WALTON-E3-P2,247.171) and then tie the hook and his taile about very neatly with a white thred , which will make it the apter to turn quick in the water : (WALTON-E3-P2,247.172) that done , pull back that part of your line which was slack when you did put your hook into the Minnow the second time : (WALTON-E3-P2,247.173) I say pull that part of your line back so that it shall fasten the head , so that the body of the Minnow shall be almost streight on your hook ; (WALTON-E3-P2,247.174) this done , try how it will turn by drawing it cross the water or against a stream , (WALTON-E3-P2,247.175) and if it do not turn nimbly , then turn the tail a little to the right or left hand , (WALTON-E3-P2,247.176) and try again , till it turn quick ; (WALTON-E3-P2,247.177) for if not , you are in danger to catch nothing ; (WALTON-E3-P2,247.178) for know , that it is impossible that it should turn too quick : (WALTON-E3-P2,247.179) And you are yet to know , that in case you want a Minnow , then a small Loch or a Stickle-bag , or any other small fish that will turn quick will serve as well : (WALTON-E3-P2,247.180) And you are yet to know , that you may salt them , and by that means keep them ready and fit for use three or four days , or longer , and that of salt , bay-salt is the best . (WALTON-E3-P2,247.181) And here let me tell you , what many old Anglers know right well , that at some times , and in some waters a Minnow is not to be got , (WALTON-E3-P2,247.182) and therefore let me tell you , I have which I will shew to you an artificial Minnow , that will catch a Trout as well as an artificial Flie , (WALTON-E3-P2,247.183) and it was made by a handsom Woman that had a fine hand , and a live Minnow lying by her : (WALTON-E3-P2,248.184) the mould or body of the Minnow was cloth , and wrought upon or over it thus with a needle : (WALTON-E3-P2,248.185) the back of it with very sad French green silk , and paler green silk towards the belly , shadowed as perfectly as you can imagine , just as you see a Minnow ; (WALTON-E3-P2,248.186) the belly was wrought also with a needle , (WALTON-E3-P2,248.187) and it was a part of it white silk , and another part of it with silver thred ; (WALTON-E3-P2,248.188) the tail and fins were of a quill , which was shaven thin , (WALTON-E3-P2,248.189) the eyes were of two little black beads , (WALTON-E3-P2,248.190) and the head was so shadowed , and all of it so curiously wrought , and so exactly dissembled , that it would beguile any sharpe sighted Trout in a swift stream . (WALTON-E3-P2,248.191) And this Minnow I will now shew you , look here it is and if you like it , lend it you , to have two or three made by it , (WALTON-E3-P2,248.192) for they be easily carryed about an Angler , (WALTON-E3-P2,248.193) and be of excellent use ; (WALTON-E3-P2,248.194) for note , that a large Trout will come as fiercely at a Minnow , as the highest mettled Hawk doth seize on a Partridg , or a Grey-hound on a Hare . (WALTON-E3-P2,248.195) I have been told , that Minnows have been found in a Trouts belly ; (WALTON-E3-P2,248.196) either the Trout had devoured so many ; (WALTON-E3-P2,248.197) or the Miller that gave it a friend of mine had forced them down his throat after he had taken him . (WALTON-E3-P2,248.198) Now for Flies , which is the third bait wherewith Trouts are usually taken . You are to know , that there are so many sorts of Flies as there be of Fruits : (WALTON-E3-P2,248.199) I will name you but some of them , as the dun-flie , the stone-flie , the red-flie , the moor-flie , the tawny-flie , the shell-flie , the cloudy , or blackish-flie , the flag-flie , the vine-flie : (WALTON-E3-P2,248.200) there be of flies , Caterpillars , and Canker-flies , and Bear-flies , and indeed too many either for me to name or for you to remember : (WALTON-E3-P2,248.201) and their breeding is so various and wonderful , that I might easily amaze my self , and tire you in a relation of them . (WALTON-E3-P2,248.202) And yet I will exercise your promised patience by saying a little of the Caterpillar or the Palmer-flie or worm , that by them you may guess what a work it were in a Discourse but to run over those very many flies , worms and little living creatures with which the Sun and Summer adorn and beautifie the River banks and Meadows ; both-4 for the recreation and contemplation of us Anglers , pleasures which I think I my self enjoy more than any other man that is not of my profession . (WALTON-E3-P2,248.203) Pliny holds an opinion , that many have their birth or being from a dew that in the Spring falls upon the leaves of trees ; and that some kinds of them are from a dew left upon herbs or flowers ; and others from a dew left upon Coleworts or Cabbages : All which kinds of dews being thickned and condensed , are by the Suns generative heat most of them hatch'd , and in three days made living creatures ; (WALTON-E3-P2,249.205) and these of several shapes and colours ; some being hard and tough , some smooth and soft ; (WALTON-E3-P2,249.206) some are horned in their head , some in their tail , (WALTON-E3-P2,249.207) some have none : (WALTON-E3-P2,249.208) some have hair , some none : (WALTON-E3-P2,249.209) some have sixteen feet , some less , (WALTON-E3-P2,249.210) and some have none , (WALTON-E3-P2,249.211) but as our Topsel hath with great diligence observed those which have none , move upon the earth or upon broad leaves , their motion being not unlike to the waves of the Sea . (WALTON-E3-P2,249.212) Some of them he also observes to be bred of the Eggs of other Caterpillars , and that those in their time turn to be Butter-flies : and again , that their Eggs turn the following year to be Caterpillars . (WALTON-E3-P2,249.213) And some affirm , that every plant has his particular flie or Caterpillar , which it breeds and feeds . (WALTON-E3-P2,249.214) I have seen , and may therefore affirm it , a green Caterpillar , or worm , as big as a small Peascod , which had fourteen legs , eight on the belly , four under the neck , and two near the tail . (WALTON-E3-P2,249.215) It was found on a hedge of Privet , (WALTON-E3-P2,249.216) and was taken thence , and put into a large Box , (WALTON-E3-P2,249.217) and a little branch or two of Privet put to it , on which I saw it feed as sharply as a dog gnaws a bone : (WALTON-E3-P2,249.218) it lived thus five or six daies , (WALTON-E3-P2,249.219) and thrived , (WALTON-E3-P2,249.220) and changed the colour two or three times , (WALTON-E3-P2,249.221) but by some neglect in the keeper of it , it then dyed (WALTON-E3-P2,249.222) and did not turn to a flie : (WALTON-E3-P2,249.223) but if it had lived , it had doubtless turned to one of those flies that some call flies of prey , which those that walk by the Rivers may in Summer , see fasten on smaller flies , and I think make them their food . (WALTON-E3-P2,249.224) And $'t $is {TEXT:'tis} observable , that as there be these flies of prey which be very large , so there be others very little , created , I think , only to feed them , and bred out of I know not what ; whose life , they say , Nature intended not to exceed an hour , (WALTON-E3-P2,249.225) and yet that life is thus made shorter by other flies , or accident . (WALTON-E3-P2,249.226) $'T $is {TEXT:'Tis} endless to tell you what the curious searchers into Natures productions have observed of these Worms and Flies : (WALTON-E3-P2,250.228) But yet I shall tell you what Aldrovandus , our Topsel , and others say of the Palmer-worm or Caterpillar ; That whereas others content themselves to feed on particular herbs or leaves , for most think those very leaves that gave them life and shape , give them a particular feeding and nourishment , and that upon them they usually abide yet he observes , that this is called a pilgrim or palmer-worm , for his very wandring life and various food ; not contenting himself as others do with any one certain place for his abode , nor any certain kind of herb or flower for his feeding ; (WALTON-E3-P2,250.229) but will boldly and disorderly wander up and down , and not endure to be kept to a diet , or fixt to a particular place . (WALTON-E3-P2,250.230) Nay , the very colours of Caterpillars are , as one has observed , very elegant and beautiful : (WALTON-E3-P2,250.231) I shall for a taste of the rest describe one of them , which I will sometime the next month shew you feeding on a Willow-tree , (WALTON-E3-P2,250.232) and you shall find him punctually to answer this very description : His lips and mouth somewhat yellow , his eyes black as Jet , his forehead purple , his feet and hinder parts green , his tail two forked and black , the whole body stained with a kind of red spots which run along the neck and shoulder-blade , not unlike the form of Saint Andrew's Cross , or the letter X , made thus cross-wise , and a white line drawn down his back to his tail ; all which add much beauty to his whole body . (WALTON-E3-P2,250.233) And it is to me observable , that at a fixed age this Caterpillar gives over to eat , and towards Winter comes to be covered over with a strange shell or crust called an Aurelia , and so lives a kind of dead life , without eating all the Winter ; (WALTON-E3-P2,250.234) and as others of several kinds turn to be several kinds of flies and vermin the Spring following so this Caterpillar then turns to be a painted Butter-fly {COM:no_period_in_text} (WALTON-E3-P2,250.235) Come , (WALTON-E3-P2,250.236) come my Scholar , (WALTON-E3-P2,250.237) you see the River stops our morning walk , (WALTON-E3-P2,250.238) and I will also here stop my discourse , only as we sit down under this Honey-suckle hedg , (WALTON-E3-P2,250.239) whilst I look a Line to fit the Rod that our brother Peter hath lent you , I shall for a little confirmation of what I have said , repeat the observation of Du Bartas : (WALTON-E3-P2,251.240) {COM:verse_omitted} Venat. O my good Master , this morning-walk has been spent to my great pleasure and wonder : (WALTON-E3-P2,251.242) but I pray , when shall I have your direction how to make artificial flies , like to those that the Trout loves best ? and also how to use them ? (WALTON-E3-P2,251.243) Pisc. My honest Scholar , it is now past five of the Clock , (WALTON-E3-P2,251.244) we will fish till nine , and then go to breakfast : (WALTON-E3-P2,251.245) Go you to yonder Sycamore-tree , (WALTON-E3-P2,251.246) and hide your Bottle of drink under the hollow root of it ; (WALTON-E3-P2,251.247) for about that time , and in that place , we will make a brave breakfast with a piece of powdered Beef , and a Radish or two that I have in my Fish-bag ; (WALTON-E3-P2,251.248) we shall , I warrant you , make a good , honest , wholsome , hungry breakfast , (WALTON-E3-P2,251.249) and I will then give you direction for the making and using of your flies : (WALTON-E3-P2,252.250) and in the mean time there is your Rod and Line , (WALTON-E3-P2,252.251) and my advice is , that you fish as you see me do , (WALTON-E3-P2,252.252) and $let $'s {TEXT:let's} try which can catch the first Fish . (WALTON-E3-P2,252.253) Venat. I thank you Master , (WALTON-E3-P2,252.254) I will observe and practice your direction as far as I am able . (WALTON-E3-P2,252.255) Pisc. Look you Scholar , (WALTON-E3-P2,252.256) you see I have hold of a good Fish : (WALTON-E3-P2,252.257) I now see it is a Trout ; (WALTON-E3-P2,252.258) I pray , put that Net under him , (WALTON-E3-P2,252.259) and touch not my line , (WALTON-E3-P2,252.260) for if you do , then we break all . (WALTON-E3-P2,252.261) Well done Scholar , (WALTON-E3-P2,252.262) I thank you . (WALTON-E3-P2,252.263) Now for another . Trust me , (WALTON-E3-P2,252.264) I have another bite : (WALTON-E3-P2,252.265) come Scholar , (WALTON-E3-P2,252.266) come (WALTON-E3-P2,252.267) lay down your Rod , (WALTON-E3-P2,252.268) and help me to land this as you did the other . (WALTON-E3-P2,252.269) So , now we shall be sure to have a good dish of Fish for supper . (WALTON-E3-P2,252.270) Venat. I am glad of that ; (WALTON-E3-P2,252.271) but I have no fortune : (WALTON-E3-P2,252.272) sure , Master , yours is a better Rod , and better tackling . (WALTON-E3-P2,252.273) Pisc. Nay , then take mine , (WALTON-E3-P2,252.274) and I will fish with yours . (WALTON-E3-P2,252.275) Look you , Scholar , (WALTON-E3-P2,252.276) I have another ; (WALTON-E3-P2,252.277) come , (WALTON-E3-P2,252.278) do as you did before . (WALTON-E3-P2,252.279) And now I have a bite at another : (WALTON-E3-P2,252.280) Oh me ! he has broke all ; (WALTON-E3-P2,252.281) there 's half a line and a good hook lost . (WALTON-E3-P2,252.282) Venat. I and a good Trout too . (WALTON-E3-P2,252.283) Pisc. Nay , the Trout is not lost , (WALTON-E3-P2,252.284) for pray take notice no man can lose what he never had . (WALTON-E3-P2,252.285) Venat. Master , I can neither-1 catch with the first nor second Angle : (WALTON-E3-P2,252.286) I have no fortune . (WALTON-E3-P2,252.287) Pisc. Look you , Scholar , I have yet another : (WALTON-E3-P2,252.288) and now having caught three brace of Trouts , I will tell you a short Tale as we walk towards our breakfast : (WALTON-E3-P2,252.289) A Scholar a Preacher I should say that was to preach to procure the approbation of a Parish , that he might be their Lecturer , had got from his Fellow-pupil the copy of a Sermon that was first preached with great commendation by him that composed it ; (WALTON-E3-P2,252.290) and though the borrower of it preached it word for word , as it was at first , yet it was utterly disliked as it was preached by the second to his Congregation : which the sermon-borrower complained of to the lender of it , (WALTON-E3-P2,252.291) and was thus answered ; I lent you indeed my Fiddle , but not my Fiddlestick ; (WALTON-E3-P2,253.292) for you are to know , that every one $can $not {TEXT:cannot} make musick with my words , which are fitted for my own mouth . (WALTON-E3-P2,253.293) And so , my Scholar , you are to know , that as the ill pronunciation or ill accenting of words in a Sermon spoils it , so the ill carriage of your line , or not fishing even to a foot in a right place , makes you lose your labour : (WALTON-E3-P2,253.294) and you are to know , that though you have my Fiddle , that is , my very Rod and Tacklings with which you see I catch Fish ; yet you have not my Fiddle-stick , that is , you yet have not skill to know how to carry your hand and line , nor how to guide it to a right place : (WALTON-E3-P2,253.295) and this must be taught you for you are to remember I told you , Angling is an Art either-2 by practice , or a long observation , or both . (WALTON-E3-P2,253.296) But take this for a rule , (WALTON-E3-P2,253.297) when you fish for a Trout with a Worm , let your line have so much , and not more Lead than will fit the stream in which you fish ; that is to say ; more in a great troublesom stream than in a smaller that is quieter ; as near as may be , so much as will sink the bait to the bottom , and keep it still in motion , and not more . (WALTON-E3-P2,253.298) But now $let $'s {TEXT:lets} say Grace and fall to breakfast : (WALTON-E3-P2,253.299) what say you , Scholar , to the providence of an old Angler ? (WALTON-E3-P2,253.300) does not this meat taste well ? (WALTON-E3-P2,253.301) and was not this place well chosen to eat it ? (WALTON-E3-P2,253.302) for this Sycamore-tree will shade us from the Suns heat . (WALTON-E3-P2,253.303) Venat. All excellent good , (WALTON-E3-P2,253.304) and my stomach excellent good too . (WALTON-E3-P2,253.305) And I now remember and find that true which devout Lessius says , That poor men , and those that fast often , have much more pleasure in eating than rich men and gluttons , that always feed before their stomachs are empty of their last meat , and call for more : (WALTON-E3-P2,253.306) for by that means they rob themselves of that pleasure that hunger brings to poor men . (WALTON-E3-P2,253.307) And I do seriously approve of that saying of yours , That you had rather be a civil , well govern'd , well grounded , temperate , poor Angler , than a drunken Lord . (WALTON-E3-P2,253.308) But I hope there is none such ; (WALTON-E3-P2,253.309) however I am certain of this , that I have been at many very costly dinners that have not afforded me half the content that this has done , for which I thank God and you . (WALTON-E3-P2,253.310) And now good Master , proceed to your promised direction for making and ordering my Artificial flie . (WALTON-E3-P2,254.312) Pisc. My honest Scholar , I will do it , (WALTON-E3-P2,254.313) for it is a debt due unto you by my promise : (WALTON-E3-P2,254.314) and because you shall not think your self more engaged to me than indeed you really are , I will freely give you such directions as were lately given to me by an ingenuous brother of the Angle , an honest man , and a most excellent Flie-fisher . (WALTON-E3-P2,254.315) You are to note , that there are twelve kinds of Artificial made Flies to Angle with upon the top of the water (WALTON-E3-P2,254.316) note by the way , that the fittest season of using these is in a blustering windy day , when the waters are so troubled that the natural flie $can $not {TEXT:cannot} be seen , or rest upon them . (WALTON-E3-P2,254.317) The first is the dun-flie in March , (WALTON-E3-P2,254.318) the body is made of dun wool , the wings of the Partridges feathers . (WALTON-E3-P2,254.319) The second is another dun-Flie , the body of Black wool , and the wings of the black Drakes feathers , and of the feathers under his tail . (WALTON-E3-P2,254.320) The third is the stone-flie in April , (WALTON-E3-P2,254.321) the body is made of black wool made yellow under the wings , and under the tail , and so made with wings of the Drake . (WALTON-E3-P2,254.322) The fourth is the ruddy Flie in the beginning of May , the body made of red wool wrapt about with black silk , (WALTON-E3-P2,254.323) and the feathers are the wings of the Drake , with the feathres of a red Capon also , which hang dangling on his sides next to the tail . (WALTON-E3-P2,254.324) The fifth is the yellow or greenish-flie in May likewise the body made of yellow wool , and the wings made of the red cocks hackle or tail . (WALTON-E3-P2,254.325) The sixth is , the black Flie in May also , the body made of black wool and lapt about with the herl of a Peacocks tail ; (WALTON-E3-P2,254.326) the wings are made of the wings of a brown Capon with his blew feathers in his head . (WALTON-E3-P2,254.327) The seventh is the sad yellow-flie in June , (WALTON-E3-P2,254.328) the body is made of black wool , with a yellow list on either side , and the wings taken off the wings of a Buzzard , bound with black braked hemp . (WALTON-E3-P2,254.329) The eighth is the moorish flie made of the blackish mail of the Drake . (WALTON-E3-P2,254.330) The ninth is the tawny-flie , good until the middle of June ; the body made of tawny-wool , the wings made contrary one against the other , made of the whitish mail of the wild Drake . (WALTON-E3-P2,255.331) The tenth is the Wasp-flie in July , the body made of black wool , lapt about with yellow silk , the wings made of the feathers of the Drake , or of the Buzzard . (WALTON-E3-P2,255.332) The Eleventh is the shell-flie , good in mid July , the body made of greenish wool , lapt about with the herle of a Peacocks tail ; and the wings made of the wings of the Buzzard . (WALTON-E3-P2,255.333) The twelfth is the dark Drake-flie , good in August , the body made with black Wool , lapt about with black silk : (WALTON-E3-P2,255.334) his wings are made with the mail of the black Drake , with a black head . (WALTON-E3-P2,255.335) Thus have you a Jury of flies likely to betray and condemn all the Trouts in the River . (WALTON-E3-P2,255.336)