It was in the year '95 that a combination of events , into which I need not enter , caused Mr. Sherlock Holmes and myself to spend some weeks in one of our great university towns , and it was during this time that the small but instructive adventure which I am about to relate befell us . It will be obvious that any details which would help the reader exactly to identify the college or the criminal would be injudicious and offensive . So painful a scandal may well be allowed to die out . With due discretion the incident itself may , however , be described , since it serves to illustrate some of those qualities for which my friend was remarkable . I will endeavour , in my statement , to avoid such terms as would serve to limit the events to any particular place , or give a clue as to the people concerned .

We were residing at the time in furnished lodgings close to a library where Sherlock Holmes was pursuing some laborious researches in early English charters -- researches which led to results so striking that they may be the subject of one of my future narratives . Here it was that one evening we received a visit from an acquaintance , Mr. Hilton Soames , tutor and lecturer at the College of St. Luke's . Mr. Soames was a tall , spare man , of a nervous and excitable temperament . I had always known him to be restless in his manner , but on this particular occasion he was in such a state of uncontrollable agitation that it was clear something very unusual had occurred .

" I trust , Mr. Holmes , that you can spare me a few hours of your valuable time . We have had a very painful incident at St. Luke's , and really , but for the happy chance of your being in town , I should have been at a loss what to do . "

" I am very busy just now , and I desire no distractions , " my friend answered . " I should much prefer that you called in the aid of the police . "

" No , no , my dear sir ; such a course is utterly impossible . When once the law is evoked it cannot be stayed again , and this is just one of those cases where , for the credit of the college , it is most essential to avoid scandal . Your discretion is as well known as your powers , and you are the one man in the world who can help me . I beg you , Mr. Holmes , to do what you can . "

My friend's temper had not improved since he had been deprived of the congenial surroundings of Baker Street . Without his scrapbooks , his chemicals , and his homely untidiness , he was an uncomfortable man . He shrugged his shoulders in ungracious acquiescence , while our visitor in hurried words and with much excitable gesticulation poured forth his story .

" I must explain to you , Mr. Holmes , that to-morrow is the first day of the examination for the Fortescue Scholarship . I am one of the examiners . My subject is Greek , and the first of the papers consists of a large passage of Greek translation which the candidate has not seen . This passage is printed on the examination paper , and it would naturally be an immense advantage if the candidate could prepare it in advance . For this reason , great care is taken to keep the paper secret .

" To-day , about three o'clock , the proofs of this paper arrived from the printers . The exercise consists of half a chapter of Thucydides . I had to read it over carefully , as the text must be absolutely correct . At four-thirty my task was not yet completed . I had , however , promised to take tea in a friend's rooms , so I left the proof upon my desk . I was absent rather more than an hour .

" You are aware , Mr. Holmes , that our college doors are double -- a green baize one within and a heavy oak one without . As I approached my outer door , I was amazed to see a key in it . For an instant I imagined that I had left my own there , but on feeling in my pocket I found that it was all right . The only duplicate which existed , so far as I knew , was that which belonged to my servant , Bannister -- a man who has looked after my room for ten years , and whose honesty is absolutely above suspicion . I found that the key was indeed his , that he had entered my room to know if I wanted tea , and that he had very carelessly left the key in the door when he came out . His visit to my room must have been within a very few minutes of my leaving it . His forgetfulness about the key would have mattered little upon any other occasion , but on this one day it has produced the most deplorable consequences .

" The moment I looked at my table , I was aware that someone had rummaged among my papers . The proof was in three long slips . I had left them all together . Now , I found that one of them was lying on the floor , one was on the side table near the window , and the third was where I had left it . "

Holmes stirred for the first time .

" The first page on the floor , the second in the window , the third where you left it , " said he .

" Exactly , Mr. Holmes . You amaze me . How could you possibly know that ? "

" Pray continue your very interesting statement . "

" For an instant I imagined that Bannister had taken the unpardonable liberty of examining my papers . He denied it , however , with the utmost earnestness , and I am convinced that he was speaking the truth . The alternative was that someone passing had observed the key in the door , had known that I was out , and had entered to look at the papers . A large sum of money is at stake , for the scholarship is a very valuable one , and an unscrupulous man might very well run a risk in order to gain an advantage over his fellows .

" Bannister was very much upset by the incident . He had nearly fainted when we found that the papers had undoubtedly been tampered with . I gave him a little brandy and left him collapsed in a chair , while I made a most careful examination of the room . I soon saw that the intruder had left other traces of his presence besides the rumpled papers . On the table in the window were several shreds from a pencil which had been sharpened . A broken tip of lead was lying there also . Evidently the rascal had copied the paper in a great hurry , had broken his pencil , and had been compelled to put a fresh point to it . "

" Excellent ! " said Holmes , who was recovering his good-humour as his attention became more engrossed by the case . " Fortune has been your friend . "

" This was not all . I have a new writing-table with a fine surface of red leather . I am prepared to swear , and so is Bannister , that it was smooth and unstained . Now I found a clean cut in it about three inches long -- not a mere scratch , but a positive cut . Not only this , but on the table I found a small ball of black dough or clay , with specks of something which looks like sawdust in it . I am convinced that these marks were left by the man who rifled the papers . There were no footmarks and no other evidence as to his identity . I was at my wit's end , when suddenly the happy thought occurred to me that you were in the town , and I came straight round to put the matter into your hands . Do help me , Mr. Holmes . You see my dilemma . Either I must find the man or else the examination must be postponed until fresh papers are prepared , and since this cannot be done without explanation , there will ensue a hideous scandal , which will throw a cloud not only on the college , but on the university . Above all things , I desire to settle the matter quietly and discreetly . "

" I shall be happy to look into it and to give you such advice as I can , " said Holmes , rising and putting on his overcoat . " The case is not entirely devoid of interest . Had anyone visited you in your room after the papers came to you ? "

" Yes , young Daulat Ras , an Indian student , who lives on the same stair , came in to ask me some particulars about the examination . "

" For which he was entered ? "

" Yes . "

" And the papers were on your table ? "

" To the best of my belief , they were rolled up . "

" But might be recognized as proofs ? "

" Possibly . "

" No one else in your room ? "

" No . "

" Did anyone know that these proofs would be there ? "

" No one save the printer . "

" Did this man Bannister know ? "

" No , certainly not . No one knew . "

" Where is Bannister now ? "

" He was very ill , poor fellow . I left him collapsed in the chair . I was in such a hurry to come to you . "

" You left your door open ? "

" I locked up the papers first . "

" Then it amounts to this , Mr. Soames : that , unless the Indian student recognized the roll as being proofs , the man who tampered with them came upon them accidentally without knowing that they were there . "

" So it seems to me . "

Holmes gave an enigmatic smile .

" Well , " said he , " let us go round . Not one of your cases . Watson -- mental , not physical . All right ; come if you want to . Now , Mr. Soames -- at your disposal ! "

The sitting-room of our client opened by a long , low , latticed window on to the ancient lichen-tinted court of the old college . A Gothic arched door led to a worn stone staircase . On the ground floor was the tutor's room . Above were three students , one on each story . It was already twilight when we reached the scene of our problem . Holmes halted and looked earnestly at the window . Then he approached it , and , standing on tiptoe with his neck craned , he looked into the room .

" He must have entered through the door . There is no opening except the one pane , " said our learned guide .

" Dear me ! " said Holmes , and he smiled in a singular way as he glanced at our companion . " Well , if there is nothing to be learned here , we had best go inside . "

The lecturer unlocked the outer door and ushered us into his room . We stood at the entrance while Holmes made an examination of the carpet .

" I am afraid there are no signs here , " said he . " One could hardly hope for any upon so dry a day . Your servant seems to have quite recovered . You left him in a chair , you say . Which chair ? "

" By the window there . "

" I see . Near this little table . You can come in now . I have finished with the carpet . Let us take the little table first . Of course , what has happened is very clear . The man entered and took the papers , sheet by sheet , from the central table . He carried them over to the window table , because from there he could see if you came across the courtyard , and so could effect an escape . "

" As a matter of fact , he could not , " said Soames , " for I entered by the side door . "

" Ah , that's good ! Well , anyhow , that was in his mind . Let me see the three strips . No finger impressions -- no ! Well he carried over this one first , and he copied it . How long would it take him to do that , using every possible contraction ? A quarter of an hour , not less . Then he tossed it down and seized the next . He was in the midst of that when your return caused him to make a very hurried retreat -- very hurried , since he had not time to replace the papers which would tell you that he had been there . You were not aware of any hurrying feet on the stair as you entered the outer door ? "

" No , I can't say I was . "

" Well , he wrote so furiously that he broke his pencil , and had , as you observe , to sharpen it again . This is of interest , Watson . The pencil was not an ordinary one . It was above the usual size , with a soft lead , the outer colour was dark blue , the maker's name was printed in silver lettering , and the piece remaining is only about an inch and a half long . Look for such a pencil , Mr. Soames , and you have got your man . When I add that he possesses a large and very blunt knife , you have an additional aid . "

Mr. Soames was somewhat overwhelmed by this flood of information . " I can follow the other points , " said he , " but really , in this matter of the length -- "

Holmes held out a small chip with the letters NN and a space of clear wood after them .

" You see ? "

" No , I fear that even now -- "

" Watson , I have always done you an injustice . There are others . What could this NN be ? It is at the end of a word . You are aware that Johann Faber is the most common maker's name . Is it not clear that there is just as much of the pencil left as usually follows the Johann ? " He held the small table sideways to the electric light . " I was hoping that if the paper on which he wrote was thin , some trace of it might come through upon this polished surface . No , I see nothing . I don't think there is anything more to be learned here . Now for the central table . This small pellet is , I presume , the black , doughy mass you spoke of . Roughly pyramidal in shape and hollowed out , I perceive . As you say , there appear to be grains of sawdust in it . Dear me , this is very interesting . And the cut -- a positive tear , I see . It began with a thin scratch and ended in a jagged hole . I am much indebted to you for directing my attention to this case , Mr. Soames . Where does that door lead to ? "

" To my bedroom . "

" Have you been in it since your adventure ? "

" No , I came straight away for you . "

" I should like to have a glance round . What a charming , old-fashioned room ! Perhaps you will kindly wait a minute , until I have examined the floor . No , I see nothing . What about this curtain ? You hang your clothes behind it . If anyone were forced to conceal himself in this room he must do it there , since the bed is too low and the wardrobe too shallow . No one there , I suppose ? "

As Holmes drew the curtain I was aware , from some little rigidity and alertness of his attitude , that he was prepared for an emergency . As a matter of fact , the drawn curtain disclosed nothing but three or four suits of clothes hanging from a line of pegs . Holmes turned away , and stooped suddenly to the floor .

" Halloa ! What's this ? " said he .

It was a small pyramid of black , putty-like stuff , exactly like the one upon the table of the study . Holmes held it out on his open palm in the glare of the electric light .

" Your visitor seems to have left traces in your bedroom as well as in your sitting-room , Mr. Soames . "

" What could he have wanted there ? "

" I think it is clear enough . You came back by an unexpected way , and so he had no warning until you were at the very door . What could he do ? He caught up everything which would betray him , and he rushed into your bedroom to conceal himself . "

" Good gracious , Mr. Holmes , do you mean to tell me that , all the time I was talking to Bannister in this room , we had the man prisoner if we had only known it ? "

" So I read it . "

" Surely there is another alternative , Mr. Holmes . I don't know whether you observed my bedroom window ? "

" Lattice-paned , lead framework , three separate windows , one swinging on hinge , and large enough to admit a man . "

" Exactly . And it looks out on an angle of the courtyard so as to be partly invisible . The man might have effected his entrance there , left traces as he passed through the bedroom , and finally , finding the door open , have escaped that way . "

Holmes shook his head impatiently .

" Let us be practical , " said he . " I understand you to say that there are three students who use this stair , and are in the habit of passing your door ? "

" Yes , there are . "

" And they are all in for this examination ? "

" Yes . "

" Have you any reason to suspect any one of them more than the others ? "

Soames hesitated .

" It is a very delicate question . " said he . " One hardly likes to throw suspicion where there are no proofs . "

" Let us hear the suspicions . I will look after the proofs . "

" I will tell you , then , in a few words the character of the three men who inhabit these rooms . The lower of the three is Gilchrist , a fine scholar and athletic , plays in the Rugby team and the cricket team for the college , and got his Blue for the hurdles and the long jump . He is a fine , manly fellow . His father was the notorious Sir Jabez Gilchrist , who ruined himself on the turf . My scholar has been left very poor , but he is hard-working and industrious . He will do well .

" The second floor is inhabited by Daulat Ras , the Indian . He is a quiet , inscrutable fellow ; as most of those Indians are . He is well up in his work , though his Greek is his weak subject . He is steady and methodical .

" The top floor belongs to Miles McLaren . He is a brilliant fellow when he chooses to work -- one of the brightest intellects of the university ; but he is wayward , dissipated , and unprincipled . He was nearly expelled over a card scandal in his first year . He has been idling all this term , and he must look forward with dread to the examination . "

" Then it is he whom you suspect ? "

" I dare not go so far as that . But , of the three , he is perhaps the least unlikely . "

" Exactly . Now , Mr. Soames , let us have a look at your servant , Bannister . "

He was a little , white-faced , clean-shaven , grizzly-haired fellow of fifty . He was still suffering from this sudden disturbance of the quiet routine of his life . His plump face was twitching with his nervousness , and his fingers could not keep still .

" We are investigating this unhappy business , Bannister , " said his master .

" Yes , sir . "

" I understand , " said Holmes , " that you left your key in the door ? "

" Yes , sir . "

" Was it not very extraordinary that you should do this on the very day when there were these papers inside ? "

" It was most unfortunate , sir . But I have occasionally done the same thing at other times . "

" When did you enter the room ? "

It was about half-past four . That is Mr. Soames's tea time . "

" How long did you stay ? "

" When I saw that he was absent . I withdrew at once . "

" Did you look at these papers on the table ? "

" No , sir certainly not . "

" How came you to leave the key in the door ? "

" I had the tea-tray in my hand . I thought I would come back for the key . Then I forgot . "

" Has the outer door a spring lock ? "

" No , sir . "

" Then it was open all the time ? "

" Yes , sir . "

" Anyone in the room could get out ? "

" Yes , sir . "

" When Mr. Soames returned and called for you , you were very much disturbed ? "

" Yes , sir . Such a thing has never happened during the many years that I have been here . I nearly fainted , sir . "

" So I understand . Where were you when you began to feel bad ? "

" Where was I , sir ? Why , here , near the door . "

" That is singular , because you sat down in that chair over yonder near the corner . Why did you pass these other chairs ? "

" I don't know , sir , it didn't matter to me where I sat . "

" I really don't think he knew much about it , Mr. Holmes . He was looking very bad -- quite ghastly . "

" You stayed here when your master left ? "

" Only for a minute or so . Then I locked the door and went to my room . "

" Whom do you suspect ? "

" Oh , I would not venture to say , sir . I don't believe there is any gentleman in this university who is capable of profiting by such an action . No , sir , I'll not believe it . "

" Thank you , that will do , " said Holmes . " Oh , one more word . You have not mentioned to any of the three gentlemen whom you attend that anything is amiss ? "

" No , sir -- not a word . "

" You haven't seen any of them ? "

" No , sir . "

" Very good . Now , Mr. Soames , we will take a walk in the quadrangle , if you please . "

Three yellow squares of light shone above us in the gathering gloom .

" Your three birds are all in their nests , " said Holmes , looking up . " Halloa ! What's that ? One of them seems restless enough . "

It was the Indian , whose dark silhouette appeared suddenly upon his blind . He was pacing swiftly up and down his room .

" I should like to have a peep at each of them , " said Holmes . " Is it possible ? "

" No difficulty in the world , " Soames answered . " This set of rooms is quite the oldest in the college , and it is not unusual for visitors to go over them . Come along , and I will personally conduct you . "

" No names , please ! " said Holmes , as we knocked at Gilchrist's door . A tall , flaxen-haired , slim young fellow opened it , and made us welcome when he understood our errand . There were some really curious pieces of mediaeval domestic architecture within . Holmes was so charmed with one of them that he insisted on drawing it in his notebook , broke his pencil , had to borrow one from our host , and finally borrowed a knife to sharpen his own . The same curious accident happened to him in the rooms of the Indian -- a silent , little , hook-nosed fellow , who eyed us askance , and was obviously glad when Holmes's architectural studies had come to an end . I could not see that in either case Holmes had come upon the clue for which he was searching . Only at the third did our visit prove abortive . The outer door would not open to our knock , and nothing more substantial than a torrent of bad language came from behind it . " I don't care who you are . You can go to blazes ! " roared the angry voice . " Tomorrow's the exam , and I won't be drawn by anyone . "

" A rude fellow , " said our guide , flushing with anger as we withdrew down the stair . " Of course , he did not realize that it was I who was knocking , but none the less his conduct was very uncourteous , and , indeed , under the circumstances rather suspicious . "

Holmes's response was a curious one .

" Can you tell me his exact height ? " he asked .

" Really , Mr. Holmes , I cannot undertake to say . He is taller than the Indian , not so tall as Gilchrist . I suppose five foot six would be about it . "

" That is very important , " said Holmes . " And now , Mr. Soames , I wish you good-night . "

Our guide cried aloud in his astonishment and dismay . " Good gracious , Mr. Holmes , you are surely not going to leave me in this abrupt fashion ! You don't seem to realize the position . To-morrow is the examination . I must take some definite action to-night . I cannot allow the examination to be held if one of the papers has been tampered with . The situation must be faced . "

" You must leave it as it is . I shall drop round early to-morrow morning and chat the matter over . It is possible that I may be in a position then to indicate some course of action . Meanwhile , you change nothing -- nothing at all . "

" Very good , Mr. Holmes . "

" You can be perfectly easy in your mind . We shall certainly find some way out of your difficulties . I will take the black clay with me , also the pencil cuttings . Good-bye . "

When we were out in the darkness of the quadrangle , we again looked up at the windows . The Indian still paced his room . The others were invisible .

" Well , Watson , what do you think of it ? " Holmes asked , as we came out into the main street . " Quite a little parlour game -- sort of three-card trick , is it not ? There are your three men . It must be one of them . You take your choice . Which is yours ? "

" The foul-mouthed fellow at the top . He is the one with the worst record . And yet that Indian was a sly fellow also . Why should he be pacing his room all the time ? "

" There is nothing in that . Many men do it when they are trying to learn anything by heart . "

" He looked at us in a queer way . "

" So would you , if a flock of strangers came in on you when you were preparing for an examination next day , and every moment was of value . No , I see nothing in that . Pencils , too , and knives -- all was satisfactory . But that fellow does puzzle me . "

" Who ? "

" Why , Bannister , the servant . What's his game in the matter ? "

" He impressed me as being a perfectly honest man . "

" So he did me . That's the puzzling part . Why should a perfectly honest man -- Well , well , here's a large stationer's . We shall begin our researches here . "

There were only four stationers of any consequences in the town , and at each Holmes produced his pencil chips , and bid high for a duplicate . All were agreed that one could be ordered , but that it was not a usual size of pencil , and that it was seldom kept in stock . My friend did not appear to be depressed by his failure , but shrugged his shoulders in half-humorous resignation .

" No good , my dear Watson . This , the best and only final clue , has run to nothing . But , indeed , I have little doubt that we can build up a sufficient case without it . By Jove ! my dear fellow , it is nearly nine , and the landlady babbled of green peas at seven-thirty . What with your eternal tobacco , Watson , and your irregularity at meals , I expect that you will get notice to quit , and that I shall share your downfall -- not , however , before we have solved the problem of the nervous tutor , the careless servant , and the three enterprising students . "

Holmes made no further allusion to the matter that day , though he sat lost in thought for a long time after our belated dinner . At eight in the morning , he came into my room just as I finished my toilet .

" Well , Watson , " said he , " it is time we went down to St. Luke's . Can you do without breakfast ? "

" Certainly . "

" Soames will be in a dreadful fidget until we are able to tell him something positive . "

" Have you anything positive to tell him ? "

" I think so . "

" You have formed a conclusion ? "

" Yes , my dear Watson , I have solved the mystery . "

" But what fresh evidence could you have got ? "

" Aha ! It is not for nothing that I have turned myself out of bed at the untimely hour of six . I have put in two hours' hard work and covered at least five miles , with something to show for it . Look at that ! "

He held out his hand . On the palm were three little pyramids of black , doughy clay .

" Why , Holmes , you had only two yesterday . "

" And one more this morning . It is a fair argument that wherever No. 3 came from is also the source of Nos. 1 and 2 . Eh , Watson ? Well , come along and put friend Soames out of his pain . "

The unfortunate tutor was certainly in a state of pitiable agitation when we found him in his chambers . In a few hours the examination would commence , and he was still in the dilemma between making the facts public and allowing the culprit to compete for the valuable scholarship . He could hardly stand still , so great was his mental agitation , and he ran towards Holmes with two eager hands outstretched .

" Thank heaven that you have come ! I feared that you had given it up in despair . What am I to do ? Shall the examination proceed ? "

" Yes , let it proceed , by all means . "

" But this rascal ? "

" He shall not compete . "

" You know him ? "

" I think so . If this matter is not to become public , we must give ourselves certain powers and resolve ourselves into a small private court-martial . You there , if you please , Soames ! Watson you here ! I'll take the armchair in the middle . I think that we are now sufficiently imposing to strike terror into a guilty breast . Kindly ring the bell ! "

Bannister entered , and shrank back in evident surprise and fear at our judicial appearance .

" You will kindly close the door , " said Holmes . " Now Bannister , will you please tell us the truth about yesterday's incident . '

The man turned white to the roots of his hair .

" I have told you everything , sir . "

" Nothing to add ? "

" Nothing at all , sir . "

" Well , then , I must make some suggestions to you . When you sat down on that chair yesterday , did you do so in order to conceal some object which would have shown who had been in the room ? "

Bannister's face was ghastly .

" No , sir , certainly not . "

" It is only a suggestion , " said Holmes , suavely . " I frankly admit that I am unable to prove it . But it seems probable enough since the moment that Mr. Soames's back was turned , you released the man who was hiding in that bedroom . "

Bannister licked his dry lips .

" There was no man , sir . "

" Ah , that's a pity , Bannister . Up to now you may have spoken the truth , but now I know that you have lied . "

The man's face set in sullen defiance .

" There was no man , sir . "

" Come , come , Bannister ! "

" No , sir , there was no one . "

" In that case , you can give us no further information . Would you please remain in the room ? Stand over there near the bedroom door . Now , Soames , I am going to ask you to have the great kindness to go up to the room of young Gilchrist , and to ask him to step down into yours . "

An instant later the tutor returned , bringing with him the student . He was a fine figure of a man , tall , lithe , and agile , with a springy step and a pleasant , open face . His troubled blue eyes glanced at each of us , and finally rested with an expression of blank dismay upon Bannister in the farther corner .

" Just close the door , " said Holmes . " Now , Mr. Gilchrist , we are all quite alone here , and no one need ever know one word of what passes between us . We can be perfectly frank with each other . We want to know , Mr. Gilchrist , how you , an honourable man , ever came to commit such an action as that of yesterday ? "

The unfortunate young man staggered back , and cast a look full of horror and reproach at Bannister .

" No , no , Mr. Gilchrist , sir , I never said a word -- never one word ! " cried the servant .

" No , but you have now , " said Holmes . " Now , sir , you must see that after Bannister's words your position is hopeless , and that your only chance lies in a frank confession . "

For a moment Gilchrist , with upraised hand , tried to control his writhing features . The next he had thrown himself on his knees beside the table , and burying his face in his hands , he had burst into a storm of passionate sobbing .

" Come , come , " said Holmes , kindly , " it is human to err , and at least no one can accuse you of being a callous criminal . Perhaps it would be easier for you if I were to tell Mr. Soames what occurred , and you can check me where I am wrong . Shall I do so ? Well , well , don't trouble to answer . Listen , and see that I do you no injustice .

" From the moment , Mr. Soames , that you said to me that no one , not even Bannister , could have told that the papers were in your room , the case began to take a definite shape in my mind . The printer one could , of course , dismiss . He could examine the papers in his own office . The Indian I also thought nothing of . If the proofs were in a roll , he could not possibly know what they were . On the other hand , it seemed an unthinkable coincidence that a man should dare to enter the room , and that by chance on that very day the papers were on the table . I dismissed that . The man who entered knew that the papers were there . How did he know ?

" When I approached your room , I examined the window . You amused me by supposing that I was contemplating the possibility of someone having in broad daylight , under the eyes of all these opposite rooms , forced himself through it . Such an idea was absurd . I was measuring how tall a man would need to be in order to see , as he passed , what papers were on the central table . I am six feet high , and I could do it with an effort . No one less than that would have a chance . Already you see I had reason to think that , if one of your three students was a man of unusual height , he was the most worth watching of the three .

" I entered , and I took you into my confidence as to the suggestions of the side table . Of the centre table I could make nothing , until in your description of Gilchrist you mentioned that he was a long-distance jumper . Then the whole thing came to me in an instant , and I only needed certain corroborative proofs , which I speedily obtained .

" What happened was this : This young fellow had employed his afternoon at the athletic grounds , where he had been practising the jump . He returned carrying his jumping-shoes , which are provided , as you are aware , with several sharp spikes . As he passed your window he saw , by means of his great height , these proofs upon your table , and conjectured what they were . No harm would have been done had it not been that , as he passed your door , he perceived the key which had been left by the carelessness of your servant . A sudden impulse came over him to enter , and see if they were indeed the proofs . It was not a dangerous exploit , for he could always pretend that he had simply looked in to ask a question .

" Well , when he saw that they were indeed the proofs , it was then that he yielded to temptation . He put his shoes on the table . What was it you put on that chair near the window ? "

" Gloves , " said the young man .

Holmes looked triumphantly at Bannister . " He put his gloves on the chair , and he took the proofs , sheet by sheet , to copy them . He thought the tutor must return by the main gate , and that he would see him . As we know , he came back by the side gate . Suddenly he heard him at the very door . There was no possible escape . He forgot his gloves , but he caught up his shoes and darted into the bedroom . You observe that the scratch on that table is slight at one side , but deepens in the direction of the bedroom door . That in itself is enough to show us that the shoe had been drawn in that direction , and that the culprit had taken refuge there . The earth round the spike had been left on the table , and a second sample was loosened and fell in the bedroom . I may add that I walked out to the athletic grounds this morning , saw that tenacious black clay is used in the jumping-pit , and carried away a specimen of it , together with some of the fine tan or sawdust which is strewn over it to prevent the athlete from slipping . Have I told the truth , Mr. Gilchrist ? "

The student had drawn himself erect .

" Yes , sir , it is true , " said he .

" Good heavens ! have you nothing to add ? " cried Soames .

" Yes , sir , I have , but the shock of this disgraceful exposure has bewildered me . I have a letter here , Mr. Soames , which I wrote to you early this morning in the middle of a restless night . It was before I knew that my sin had found me out . Here it is , sir . You will see that I have said , ' I have determined not to go in for the examination . I have been offered a commission in the Rhodesian Police , and I am going out to South Africa at once . ' "

" I am indeed pleased to hear that you did not intend to profit by your unfair advantage , " said Soames . " But why did you change your purpose ? "

Gilchrist pointed to Bannister .

" There is the man who set me in the right path , " said he .

" Come now , Bannister , " said Holmes . " It will be clear to you , from what I have said , that only you could have let this young man out , since you were left in the room , and must have locked the door when you went out . As to his escaping by that window , it was incredible . Can you not clear up the last point in this mystery , and tell us the reasons for your action ? "

" It was simple enough , sir , if you only had known , but , with all your cleverness , it was impossible that you could know . Time was , sir , when I was butler to old Sir Jabez Gilchrist , this young gentleman's father . When he was ruined I came to the college as servant , but I never forgot my old employer because he was down in the world . I watched his son all I could for the sake of the old days . Well , sir , when I came into this room yesterday , when the alarm was given , the very first thing I saw was Mr. Gilchrist's tan gloves a-lying in that chair . I knew those gloves well , and I understood their message . If Mr. Soames saw them , the game was up . I flopped down into that chair , and nothing would budge me until Mr. Soames went for you . Then out came my poor young master , whom I had dandled on my knee , and confessed it all to me . Wasn't it natural , sir , that I should save him , and wasn't it natural also that I should try to speak to him as his dead father would have done , and make him understand that he could not profit by such a deed ? Could you blame me , sir ? "

" No , indeed , " said Holmes , heartily , springing to his feet .

" Well , Soames , I think we have cleared your little problem up , and our breakfast awaits us at home . Come , Watson ! As to you , sir , I trust that a bright future awaits you in Rhodesia . For once you have fallen low . Let us see , in the future , how high you can rise . "

It was on a bitterly cold night and frosty morning , towards the end of the winter of '97 , that I was awakened by a tugging at my shoulder . It was Holmes . The candle in his hand shone upon his eager , stooping face , and told me at a glance that something was amiss .

" Come , Watson , come ! " he cried . " The game is afoot . Not a word ! Into your clothes and come ! "

Ten minutes later we were both in a cab , and rattling through the silent streets on our way to Charing Cross Station . The first faint winter's dawn was beginning to appear , and we could dimly see the occasional figure of an early workman as he passed us , blurred and indistinct in the opalescent London reek . Holmes nestled in silence into his heavy coat , and I was glad to do the same , for the air was most bitter , and neither of us had broken our fast .

It was not until we had consumed some hot tea at the station and taken our places in the Kentish train that we were sufficiently thawed , he to speak and I to listen . Holmes drew a note from his pocket , and read aloud :

" Abbey Grange , Marsham , Kent , 3:30 A.M . " MY DEAR MR. HOLMES : I should be very glad of your immediate assistance in what promises to be a most remarkable case . It is something quite in your line . Except for releasing the lady I will see that everything is kept exactly as I have found it , but I beg you not to lose an instant , as it is difficult to leave Sir Eustace there . " Yours faithfully , " STANLEY HOPKINS .

" Hopkins has called me in seven times , and on each occasion his summons has been entirely justified , " said Holmes . " I fancy that every one of his cases has found its way into your collection , and I must admit , Watson , that you have some power of selection , which atones for much which I deplore in your narratives . Your fatal habit of looking at everything from the point of view of a story instead of as a scientific exercise has ruined what might have been an instructive and even classical series of demonstrations . You slur over work of the utmost finesse and delicacy , in order to dwell upon sensational details which may excite , but cannot possibly instruct , the reader . "

" Why do you not write them yourself ? " I said , with some bitterness .

" I will , my dear Watson , I will . At present I am , as you know , fairly busy , but I propose to devote my declining years to the composition of a textbook , which shall focus the whole art of detection into one volume . Our present research appears to be a case of murder . "

" You think this Sir Eustace is dead , then ? "

" I should say so . Hopkins's writing shows considerable agitation , and he is not an emotional man . Yes , I gather there has been violence , and that the body is left for our inspection . A mere suicide would not have caused him to send for me . As to the release of the lady , it would appear that she has been locked in her room during the tragedy . We are moving in high life , Watson , crackling paper , ' E. B. ' monogram , coat-of-arms , picturesque address . I think that friend Hopkins will live up to his reputation , and that we shall have an interesting morning . The crime was committed before twelve last night . "

" How can you possibly tell ? "

" By an inspection of the trains , and by reckoning the time . The local police had to be called in , they had to communicate with Scotland Yard , Hopkins had to go out , and he in turn had to send for me . All that makes a fair night's work . Well , here we are at Chiselhurst Station , and we shall soon set our doubts at rest . "

A drive of a couple of miles through narrow country lanes brought us to a park gate , which was opened for us by an old lodge-keeper , whose haggard face bore the reflection of some great disaster . The avenue ran through a noble park , between lines of ancient elms , and ended in a low , widespread house , pillared in front after the fashion of Palladio . The central part was evidently of a great age and shrouded in ivy , but the large windows showed that modern changes had been carried out , and one wing of the house appeared to be entirely new . The youthful figure and alert , eager face of Inspector Stanley Hopkins confronted us in the open doorway .

" I'm very glad you have come , Mr. Holmes . And you , too , Dr. Watson . But , indeed , if I had my time over again , I should not have troubled you , for since the lady has come to herself , she has given so clear an account of the affair that there is not much left for us to do . You remember that Lewisham gang of burglars ? "

" What , the three Randalls ? "

" Exactly ; the father and two sons . It's their work . I have not a doubt of it . They did a job at Sydenham a fortnight ago and were seen and described . Rather cool to do another so soon and so near , but it is they , beyond all doubt . It's a hanging matter this time . "

" Sir Eustace is dead , then ? "

" Yes , his head was knocked in with his own poker . "

" Sir Eustace Brackenstall , the driver tells me . "

" Exactly -- one of the richest men in Kent -- Lady Brackenstall is in the morning-room . Poor lady , she has had a most dreadful experience . She seemed half dead when I saw her first . I think you had best see her and hear her account of the facts . Then we will examine the dining-room together . "

Lady Brackenstall was no ordinary person . Seldom have I seen so graceful a figure , so womanly a presence , and so beautiful a face . She was a blonde , golden-haired , blue-eyed , and would no doubt have had the perfect complexion which goes with such colouring , had not her recent experience left her drawn and haggard . Her sufferings were physical as well as mental , for over one eye rose a hideous , plum-coloured swelling , which her maid , a tall , austere woman , was bathing assiduously with vinegar and water . The lady lay back exhausted upon a couch , but her quick , observant gaze , as we entered the room , and the alert expression of her beautiful features , showed that neither her wits nor her courage had been shaken by her terrible experience . She was enveloped in a loose dressing-gown of blue and silver , but a black sequin-covered dinner-dress lay upon the couch beside her .

" I have told you all that happened , Mr. Hopkins , " she said , wearily . " Could you not repeat it for me ? Well , if you think it necessary , I will tell these gentlemen what occurred . Have they been in the dining-room yet ? "

" I thought they had better hear your ladyship's story first . "

" I shall be glad when you can arrange matters . It is horrible to me to think of him still lying there . " She shuddered and buried her face in her hands . As she did so , the loose gown fell back from her forearms . Holmes uttered an exclamation .

" You have other injuries , madam ! What is this ? " Two vivid red spots stood out on one of the white , round limbs . She hastily covered it .

" It is nothing . It has no connection with this hideous business to-night . If you and your friend will sit down , I will tell you all I can .

" I am the wife of Sir Eustace Brackenstall . I have been married about a year . I suppose that it is no use my attempting to conceal that our marriage has not been a happy one . I fear that all our neighbours would tell you that , even if I were to attempt to deny it . Perhaps the fault may be partly mine . I was brought up in the freer , less conventional atmosphere of South Australia , and this English life , with its proprieties and its primness , is not congenial to me . But the main reason lies in the one fact , which is notorious to everyone , and that is that Sir Eustace was a confirmed drunkard . To be with such a man for an hour is unpleasant . Can you imagine what it means for a sensitive and high-spirited woman to be tied to him for day and night ? It is a sacrilege , a crime , a villainy to hold that such a marriage is binding . I say that these monstrous laws of yours will bring a curse upon the land -- God will not let such wickedness endure . " For an instant she sat up , her cheeks flushed , and her eyes blazing from under the terrible mark upon her brow . Then the strong , soothing hand of the austere maid drew her head down on to the cushion , and the wild anger died away into passionate sobbing . At last she continued :

" I will tell you about last night . You are aware , perhaps , that in this house all the servants sleep in the modern wing . This central block is made up of the dwelling-rooms , with the kitchen behind and our bedroom above . My maid , Theresa , sleeps above my room . There is no one else , and no sound could alarm those who are in the farther wing . This must have been well known to the robbers , or they would not have acted as they did .

" Sir Eustace retired about half-past ten . The servants had already gone to their quarters . Only my maid was up , and she had remained in her room at the top of the house until I needed her services . I sat until after eleven in this room , absorbed in a book . Then I walked round to see that all was right before I went upstairs . It was my custom to do this myself , for , as I have explained , Sir Eustace was not always to be trusted . I went into the kitchen , the butler's pantry , the gun-room , the billiard-room , the drawing-room , and finally the dining-room . As I approached the window , which is covered with thick curtains , I suddenly felt the wind blow upon my face and realized that it was open . I flung the curtain aside and found myself face to face with a broad-shouldered elderly man , who had just stepped into the room . The window is a long French one , which really forms a door leading to the lawn . I held my bedroom candle lit in my hand , and , by its light , behind the first man I saw two others , who were in the act of entering . I stepped back , but the fellow was on me in an instant . He caught me first by the wrist and then by the throat . I opened my mouth to scream , but he struck me a savage blow with his fist over the eye , and felled me to the ground . I must have been unconscious for a few minutes , for when I came to myself , I found that they had torn down the bell-rope , and had secured me tightly to the oaken chair which stands at the head of the dining-table . I was so firmly bound that I could not move , and a handkerchief round my mouth prevented me from uttering a sound . It was at this instant that my unfortunate husband entered the room . He had evidently heard some suspicious sounds , and he came prepared for such a scene as he found . He was dressed in nightshirt and trousers , with his favourite blackthorn cudgel in his hand . He rushed at the burglars , but another -- it was an elderly man -- stooped , picked the poker out of the grate and struck him a horrible blow as he passed . He fell with a groan and never moved again . I fainted once more , but again it could only have been for a very few minutes during which I was insensible . When I opened my eyes I found that they had collected the silver from the sideboard , and they had drawn a bottle of wine which stood there . Each of them had a glass in his hand . I have already told you , have I not , that one was elderly , with a beard , and the others young , hairless lads . They might have been a father with his two sons . They talked together in whispers . Then they came over and made sure that I was securely bound . Finally they withdrew , closing the window after them . It was quite a quarter of an hour before I got my mouth free . When I did so , my screams brought the maid to my assistance . The other servants were soon alarmed , and we sent for the local police , who instantly communicated with London . That is really all that I can tell you , gentlemen , and I trust that it will not be necessary for me to go over so painful a story again . "

" Any questions , Mr. Holmes ? " asked Hopkins .

" I will not impose any further tax upon Lady Brackenstall's patience and time , " said Holmes . " Before I go into the diningroom , I should like to hear your experience . " He looked at the maid .

" I saw the men before ever they came into the house , " said she . " As I sat by my bedroom window I saw three men in the moonlight down by the lodge gate yonder , but I thought nothing of it at the time . It was more than an hour after that I heard my mistress scream and down I ran , to find her , poor lamb , just as she says , and him on the floor , with his blood and brains over the room . It was enough to drive a woman out of her wits , tied there , and her very dress spotted with him , but she never wanted courage , did Miss Mary Fraser of Adelaide , and Lady Brackenstall of Abbey Grange hasn't learned new ways . You've questioned her long enough , you gentlemen , and now she is coming to her own room , just with her old Theresa , to get the rest that she badly needs . "

With a motherly tenderness the gaunt woman put her arm round her mistress and led her from the room .

" She has been with her all her life , " said Hopkins . " Nursed her as a baby , and came with her to England when they first left Australia , eighteen months ago . Theresa Wright is her name , and the kind of maid you don't pick up nowadays . This way , Mr. Holmes , if you please ! "

The keen interest had passed out of Holmes's expressive face , and I knew that with the mystery all the charm of the case had departed . There still remained an arrest to be effected , but what were these commonplace rogues that he should soil his hands with them ? An abstruse and learned specialist who finds that he has been called in for a case of measles would experience something of the annoyance which I read in my friend's eyes . Yet the scene in the dining-room of the Abbey Grange was sufficiently strange to arrest his attention and to recall his waning interest .

It was a very large and high chamber , with carved oak ceiling , oaken panelling , and a fine array of deer's heads and ancient weapons around the walls . At the further end from the door was the high French window of which we had heard . Three smaller windows on the right-hand side filled the apartment with cold winter sunshine . On the left was a large , deep fireplace , with a massive , overhanging oak mantelpiece . Beside the fireplace was a heavy oaken chair with arms and crossbars at the bottom . In and out through the open woodwork was woven a crimson cord which was secured at each side to the crosspiece below . In releasing the lady , the cord had been slipped off her , but the knots with which it had been secured still remained . These details only struck our attention afterwards , for our thoughts were entirely absorbed by the terrible object which lay upon the tigerskin hearthrug in front of the fire .

It was the body of a tall , well-made man , about forty years of age . He lay upon his back , his face upturned , with his white teeth grinning through his short , black beard . His two clenched hands were raised above his head , and a heavy , blackthorn stick lay across them . His dark , handsome , aquiline features were convulsed into a spasm of vindictive hatred , which had set his dead face in a terribly fiendish expression . He had evidently been in his bed when the alarm had broken out , for he wore a foppish , embroidered nightshirt , and his bare feet projected from his trousers . His head was horribly injured , and the whole room bore witness to the savage ferocity of the blow which had struck him down . Beside him lay the heavy poker , bent into a curve by the concussion . Holmes examined both it and the indescribable wreck which it had wrought .

" He must be a powerful man , this elder Randall , " he remarked .

" Yes , " said Hopkins . " I have some record of the fellow , and he is a rough customer . "

" You should have no difficulty in getting him . "

" Not the slightest . We have been on the look-out for him , and there was some idea that he had got away to America . Now that we know that the gang are here , I don't see how they can escape . We have the news at every seaport already , and a reward will be offered before evening . What beats me is how they could have done so mad a thing , knowing that the lady could describe them and that we could not fail to recognize the description . "

" Exactly . One would have expected that they would silence Lady Brackenstall as well . "

" They may not have realized , " I suggested , " that she had recovered from her faint . "

" That is likely enough . If she seemed to be senseless , they would not take her life . What about this poor fellow , Hopkins ? I seem to have heard some queer stories about him . "

" He was a good-hearted man when he was sober , but a perfect fiend when he was drunk , or rather when he was half drunk , for he seldom really went the whole way . The devil seemed to be in him at such times , and he was capable of anything . From what I hear , in spite of all his wealth and his title , he very nearly came our way once or twice . There was a scandal about his drenching a dog with petroleum and setting it on fire -- her ladyship's dog , to make the matter worse -- and that was only hushed up with difficulty . Then he threw a decanter at that maid , Theresa Wright -- there was trouble about that . On the whole , and between ourselves , it will be a brighter house without him . What are you looking at now ? "

Holmes was down on his knees , examining with great attention the knots upon the red cord with which the lady had been secured . Then he carefully scrutinized the broken and frayed end where it had snapped off when the burglar had dragged it down .

" When this was pulled down , the bell in the kitchen must have rung loudly , " he remarked .

" No one could hear it . The kitchen stands right at the back of the house . "

" How did the burglar know no one would hear it ? How dared he pull at a bellrope in that reckless fashion ? "

" Exactly , Mr. Holmes , exactly . You put the very question which I have asked myself again and again . There can be no doubt that this fellow must have known the house and its habits . He must have perfectly understood that the servants would all be in bed at that comparatively early hour , and that no one could possibly hear a bell ring in the kitchen . Therefore , he must have been in close league with one of the servants . Surely that is evident . But there are eight servants , and all of good character . "

" Other things being equal , " said Holmes , " one would suspect the one at whose head the master threw a decanter . And yet that would involve treachery towards the mistress to whom this woman seems devoted . Well , well , the point is a minor one , and when you have Randall you will probably find no difficulty in securing his accomplice . The lady's story certainly seems to be corroborated , if it needed corroboration , by every detail which we see before us . " He walked to the French window and threw it open . " There are no signs here , but the ground is iron hard , and one would not expect them . I see that these candles in the mantelpiece have been lighted . "

" Yes , it was by their light , and that of the lady's bedroom candle , that the burglars saw their way about . "

" And what did they take ? "

" Well , they did not take much -- only half a dozen articles of plate off the sideboard . Lady Brackenstall thinks that they were themselves so disturbed by the death of Sir Eustace that they did not ransack the house , as they would otherwise have done . "

" No doubt that is true , and yet they drank some wine , I understand . "

" To steady their nerves . "

" Exactly . These three glasses upon the sideboard have been untouched , I suppose ? "

" Yes , and the bottle stands as they left it . "

" Let us look at it . Halloa , halloa ! What is this ? "

The three glasses were grouped together , all of them tinged with wine , and one of them containing some dregs of beeswing . The bottle stood near them , two-thirds full , and beside it lay a long , deeply stained cork . Its appearance and the dust upon the bottle showed that it was no common vintage which the murderers had enjoyed .

A change had come over Holmes's manner . He had lost his listless expression , and again I saw an alert light of interest in his keen , deep-set eyes . He raised the cork and examined it minutely .

" How did they draw it ? " he asked .

Hopkins pointed to a half-opened drawer . In it lay some table linen and a large corkscrew .

" Did Lady Brackenstall say that screw was used ? "

" No , you remember that she was senseless at the moment when the bottle was opened . "

" Quite so . As a matter of fact , that screw was not used . This bottle was opened by a pocket screw , probably contained in a knife , and not more than an inch and a half long . If you will examine the top of the cork , you will observe that the screw was driven in three times before the cork was extracted . It has never been transfixed . This long screw would have transfixed it and drawn it up with a single pull . When you catch this fellow , you will find that he has one of these multiplex knives in his possession . "

" Excellent ! " said Hopkins .

" But these glasses do puzzle me , I confess . Lady Brackenstall actually saw the three men drinking , did she not ? "

" Yes ; she was clear about that . "

" Then there is an end of it . What more is to be said ? And yet , you must admit , that the three glasses are very remarkable , Hopkins . What ? You see nothing remarkable ? Well , well , let it pass . Perhaps , when a man has special knowledge and special powers like my own , it rather encourages him to seek a complex explanation when a simpler one is at hand . Of course , it must be a mere chance about the glasses . Well , good-morning , Hopkins . I don't see that I can be of any use to you , and you appear to have your case very clear . You will let me know when Randall is arrested , and any further developments which may occur . I trust that I shall soon have to congratulate you upon a successful conclusion . Come , Watson , I fancy that we may employ ourselves more profitably at home . "

During our return journey , I could see by Holmes's face that he was much puzzled by something which he had observed . Every now and then , by an effort , he would throw off the impression , and talk as if the matter were clear , but then his doubts would settle down upon him again , and his knitted brows and abstracted eyes would show that his thoughts had gone back once more to the great dining-room of the Abbey Grange , in which this midnight tragedy had been enacted . At last , by a sudden impulse , just as our train was crawling out of a suburban station , he sprang on to the platform and pulled me out after him .

" Excuse me , my dear fellow , " said he , as we watched the rear carriages of our train disappearing round a curve , " I am sorry to make you the victim of what may seem a mere whim , but on my life , Watson , I simply can't leave that case in this condition . Every instinct that I possess cries out against it . It's wrong -- it's all wrong -- I'll swear that it's wrong . And yet the lady's story was complete , the maid's corroboration was sufficient , the detail was fairly exact . What have I to put up against that ? Three wine-glasses , that is all . But if I had not taken things for granted , if I had examined everything with care which I should have shown had we approached the case de novo and had no cut-and-dried story to warp my mind , should I not then have found something more definite to go upon ? Of course I should . Sit down on this bench , Watson , until a train for Chiselhurst arrives , and allow me to lay the evidence before you , imploring you in the first instance to dismiss from your mind the idea that anything which the maid or her mistress may have said must necessarily be true . The lady's charming personality must not be permitted to warp our judgment .

" Surely there are details in her story which , if we looked at in cold blood , would excite our suspicion . These burglars made a considerable haul at Sydenham a fortnight ago . Some account of them and of their appearance was in the papers , and would naturally occur to anyone who wished to invent a story in which imaginary robbers should play a part . As a matter of fact , burglars who have done a good stroke of business are as a rule only too glad to enjoy the proceeds in peace and quiet without embarking on another perilous undertaking . Again , it is unusual for burglars to operate at so early an hour , it is unusual for burglars to strike a lady to prevent her screaming , since one would imagine that was the sure way to make her scream , it is unusual for them to commit murder when their numbers are sufficient to overpower one man , it is unusual for them to be content with a limited plunder when there was much more within their reach , and finally , I should say , that it was very unusual for such men to leave a bottle half empty . How do all these unusuals strike you , Watson ? "

" Their cumulative effect is certainly considerable , and yet each of them is quite possible in itself . The most unusual thing of all , as it seems to me , is that the lady should be tied to the chair . "

" Well , I am not so clear about that , Watson , for it is evident that they must either kill her or else secure her in such a way that she could not give immediate notice of their escape . But at any rate I have shown , have I not , that there is a certain element of improbability about the lady's story ? And now , on the top of this , comes the incident of the wineglasses . "

" What about the wineglasses ? "

" Can you see them in your mind's eye ? "

" I see them clearly . "

" We are told that three men drank from them . Does that strike you as likely ? "

" Why not ? There was wine in each glass . "

" Exactly , but there was beeswing only in one glass . You must have noticed that fact . What does that suggest to your mind ? "

" The last glass filled would be most likely to contain beeswing . "

" Not at all . The bottle was full of it , and it is inconceivable that the first two glasses were clear and the third heavily charged with it . There are two possible explanations , and only two . One is that after the second glass was filled the bottle was violently agitated , and so the third glass received the beeswing . That does not appear probable . No , no , I am sure that I am right . "

" What , then , do you suppose ? "

" That only two glasses were used , and that the dregs of both were poured into a third glass , so as to give the false impression that three people had been here . In that way all the beeswing would be in the last glass , would it not ? Yes , I am convinced that this is so . But if I have hit upon the true explanation of this one small phenomenon , then in an instant the case rises from the commonplace to the exceedingly remarkable , for it can only mean that Lady Brackenstall and her maid have deliberately lied to us , that not one word of their story is to be believed , that they have some very strong reason for covering the real criminal , and that we must construct our case for ourselves without any help from them . That is the mission which now lies before us , and here , Watson , is the Sydenham train . "

The household at the Abbey Grange were much surprised at our return , but Sherlock Holmes , finding that Stanley Hopkins had gone off to report to headquarters , took possession of the dining-room , locked the door upon the inside , and devoted himself for two hours to one of those minute and laborious investigations which form the solid basis on which his brilliant edifices of deduction were reared . Seated in a corner like an interested student who observes the demonstration of his professor , I followed every step of that remarkable research . The window , the curtains , the carpet , the chair , the rope -- each in turn was minutely examined and duly pondered . The body of the unfortunate baronet had been removed , and all else remained as we had seen it in the morning . Finally , to my astonishment , Holmes climbed up on to the massive mantelpiece . Far above his head hung the few inches of red cord which were still attached to the wire . For a long time he gazed upward at it , and then in an attempt to get nearer to it he rested his knee upon a wooden bracket on the wall . This brought his hand within a few inches of the broken end of the rope , but it was not this so much as the bracket itself which seemed to engage his attention . Finally , he sprang down with an ejaculation of satisfaction .

" It's all right , Watson , " said he . " We have got our case -- one of the most remarkable in our collection . But , dear me , how slow-witted I have been , and how nearly I have committed the blunder of my lifetime ! Now , I think that , with a few missing links , my chain is almost complete . "

" You have got your men ? "

" Man , Watson , man . Only one , but a very formidable person . Strong as a lion -- witness the blow that bent that poker ! Six foot three in height , active as a squirrel , dexterous with his fingers , finally , remarkably quick-witted , for this whole ingenious story is of his concoction . Yes , Watson , we have come upon the handiwork of a very remarkable individual . And yet , in that bell-rope , he has given us a clue which should not have left us a doubt . "

" Where was the clue ? "

" Well , if you were to pull down a bell-rope , Watson , where would you expect it to break ? Surely at the spot where it is attached to the wire . Why should it break three inches from the top , as this one has done ? "

" Because it is frayed there ? "

" Exactly . This end , which we can examine , is frayed . He was cunning enough to do that with his knife . But the other end is not frayed . You could not observe that from here , but if you were on the mantelpiece you would see that it is cut clean off without any mark of fraying whatever . You can reconstruct what occurred . The man needed the rope . He would not tear it down for fear of giving the alarm by ringing the bell . What did he do ? He sprang up on the mantelpiece , could not quite reach it , put his knee on the bracket -- you will see the impression in the dust -- and so got his knife to bear upon the cord . I could not reach the place by at least three inches -- from which I infer that he is at least three inches a bigger man than I . Look at that mark upon the seat of the oaken chair ! What is it ? "

" Blood . "

" Undoubtedly it is blood . This alone puts the lady's story out of court . If she were seated on the chair when the crime was done , how comes that mark ? No , no , she was placed in the chair after the death of her husband . I'll wager that the black dress shows a corresponding mark to this . We have not yet met our Waterloo , Watson , but this is our Marengo , for it begins in defeat and ends in victory . I should like now to have a few words with the nurse , Theresa . We must be wary for a while , if we are to get the information which we want . "

She was an interesting person , this stern Australian nurse -- taciturn , suspicious , ungracious , it took some time before Holmes's pleasant manner and frank acceptance of all that she said thawed her into a corresponding amiability . She did not attempt to conceal her hatred for her late employer .

" Yes , sir , it is true that he threw the decanter at me . I heard him call my mistress a name , and I told him that he would not dare to speak so if her brother had been there . Then it was that he threw it at me . He might have thrown a dozen if he had but left my bonny bird alone . He was forever ill-treating her , and she too proud to complain . She will not even tell me all that he has done to her . She never told me of those marks on her arm that you saw this morning , but I know very well that they come from a stab with a hatpin . The sly devil -- God forgive me that I should speak of him so , now that he is dead ! But a devil he was , if ever one walked the earth . He was all honey when first we met him -- only eighteen months ago , and we both feel as if it were eighteen years . She had only just arrived in London . Yes , it was her first voyage -- she had never been from home before . He won her with his title and his money and his false London ways . If she made a mistake she has paid for it , if ever a woman did . What month did we meet him ? Well , I tell you it was just after we arrived . We arrived in June , and it was July . They were married in January of last year . Yes , she is down in the morning-room again , and I have no doubt she will see you , but you must not ask too much of her , for she has gone through all that flesh and blood will stand . "

Lady Brackenstall was reclining on the same couch , but looked brighter than before . The maid had entered with us , and began once more to foment the bruise upon her mistress's brow .

" I hope , " said the lady , " that you have not come to cross-examine me again ? "

" No , " Holmes answered , in his gentlest voice , " I will not cause you any unnecessary trouble , Lady Brackenstall , and my whole desire is to make things easy for you , for I am convinced that you are a much-tried woman . If you will treat me as a friend and trust me , you may find that I will justify your trust . "

" What do you want me to do ? "

" To tell me the truth . "

" Mr. Holmes ! "

" No , no , Lady Brackenstall -- it is no use . You may have heard of any little reputation which I possess . I will stake it all on the fact that your story is an absolute fabrication . "

Mistress and maid were both staring at Holmes with pale faces and frightened eyes .

" You are an impudent fellow ! " cried Theresa . " Do you mean to say that my mistress has told a lie ? "

Holmes rose from his chair .

" Have you nothing to tell me ? "

" I have told you everything . "

" Think once more , Lady Brackenstall . Would it not be better to be frank ? "

For an instant there was hesitation in her beautiful face . Then some new strong thought caused it to set like a mask .

" I have told you all I know . "

Holmes took his hat and shrugged his shoulders . " I am sorry , " he said , and without another word we left the room and the house . There was a pond in the park , and to this my friend led the way . It was frozen over , but a single hole was left for the convenience of a solitary swan . Holmes gazed at it , and then passed on to the lodge gate . There he scribbled a short note for Stanley Hopkins , and left it with the lodge-keeper .

" It may be a hit , or it may be a miss , but we are bound to do something for friend Hopkins , just to justify this second visit , " said he . " I will not quite take him into my confidence yet . I think our next scene of operations must be the shipping office of the Adelaide-Southampton line , which stands at the end of Pall Mall , if I remember right . There is a second line of steamers which connect South Australia with England , but we will draw the larger cover first . "

Holmes's card sent in to the manager ensured instant attention , and he was not long in acquiring all the information he needed . In June of '95 , only one of their line had reached a home port . It was the Rock of Gibraltar , their largest and best boat . A reference to the passenger list showed that Miss Fraser , of Adelaide , with her maid had made the voyage in her . The boat was now somewhere south of the Suez Canal on her way to Australia . Her officers were the same as in '95 , with one exception . The first officer , Mr. Jack Crocker , had been made a captain and was to take charge of their new ship , the Bass Rock , sailing in two days' time from Southampton . He lived at Sydenham , but he was likely to be in that morning for instructions , if we cared to wait for him .

No , Mr. Holmes had no desire to see him , but would be glad to know more about his record and character .

His record was magnificent . There was not an officer in the fleet to touch him . As to his character , he was reliable on duty but a wild , desperate fellow off the deck of his ship -- hotheaded , excitable , but loyal , honest , and kind-hearted . That was the pith of the information with which Holmes left the office of the Adelaide-Southampton company . Thence he drove to Scotland Yard , but , instead of entering , he sat in his cab with his brows drawn down , lost in profound thought . Finally he drove round to the Charing Cross telegraph office , sent off a message , and then , at last , we made for Baker Street once more .

" No , I couldn't do it , Watson , " said he , as we reentered our room . " Once that warrant was made out , nothing on earth would save him . Once or twice in my career I feel that I have done more real harm by my discovery of the criminal than ever he had done by his crime . I have learned caution now , and I had rather play tricks with the law of England than with my own conscience . Let us know a little more before we act . "

Before evening , we had a visit from Inspector Stanley Hopkins . Things were not going very well with him .

" I believe that you are a wizard , Mr. Holmes . I really do sometimes think that you have powers that are not human . Now , how on earth could you know that the stolen silver was at the bottom of that pond ? "

" I didn't know it . "

" But you told me to examine it . "

" You got it , then ? "

" Yes , I got it . "

" I am very glad if I have helped you . "

" But you haven't helped me . You have made the affair far more difficult . What sort of burglars are they who steal silver and then throw it into the nearest pond ? "

" It was certainly rather eccentric behaviour . I was merely going on the idea that if the silver had been taken by persons who did not want it -- who merely took it for a blind , as it were -- then they would naturally be anxious to get rid of it . "

" But why should such an idea cross your mind ? "

" Well , I thought it was possible . When they came out through the French window , there was the pond with one tempting little hole in the ice , right in front of their noses . Could there be a better hiding-place ? "

" Ah , a hiding-place -- that is better ! " cried Stanley Hopkins . " Yes , yes , I see it all now ! It was early , there were folk upon the roads , they were afraid of being seen with the silver , so they sank it in the pond , intending to return for it when the coast was clear . Excellent , Mr. Holmes -- that is better than your idea of a blind . "

" Quite so , you have got an admirable theory . I have no doubt that my own ideas were quite wild , but you must admit that they have ended in discovering the silver . "

" Yes , sir -- yes . It was all your doing . But I have had a bad setback . "

" A setback ? "

" Yes , Mr. Holmes . The Randall gang were arrested in New York this morning . "

" Dear me , Hopkins ! That is certainly rather against your theory that they committed a murder in Kent last night . "

" It is fatal , Mr. Holmes -- absolutely fatal . Still , there are other gangs of three besides the Randalls , or it may be some new gang of which the police have never heard . "

" Quite so , it is perfectly possible . What , are you off ? "

" Yes , Mr. Holmes , there is no rest for me until I have got to the bottom of the business . I suppose you have no hint to give me ? "

" I have given you one . "

" Which ? "

" Well , I suggested a blind . "

" But why , Mr. Holmes , why ? "

" Ah , that's the question , of course . But I commend the idea to your mind . You might possibly find that there was something in it . You won't stop for dinner ? Well , good-bye , and let us know how you get on . "

Dinner was over , and the table cleared before Holmes alluded to the matter again . He had lit his pipe and held his slippered feet to the cheerful blaze of the fire . Suddenly he looked at his watch .

" I expect developments , Watson . "

" When ? "

" Now -- within a few minutes . I dare say you thought I acted rather badly to Stanley Hopkins just now ? "

" I trust your judgment . "

" A very sensible reply , Watson . You must look at it this way : what I know is unofficial , what he knows is official . I have the right to private judgment , but he has none . He must disclose all , or he is a traitor to his service . In a doubtful case I would not put him in so painful a position , and so I reserve my information until my own mind is clear upon the matter . "

" But when will that be ? "

" The time has come . You will now be present at the last scene of a remarkable little drama . "

There was a sound upon the stairs , and our door was opened to admit as fine a specimen of manhood as ever passed through it . He was a very tall young man , golden-moustached , blue-eyed , with a skin which had been burned by tropical suns , and a springy step , which showed that the huge frame was as active as it was strong . He closed the door behind him , and then he stood with clenched hands and heaving breast , choking down some overmastering emotion .

" Sit down , Captain Crocker . You got my telegram ? "

Our visitor sank into an armchair and looked from one to the other of us with questioning eyes .

" I got yow telegram , and I came at the hour you said . I heard that you had been down to the office . There was no getting away from you . Let's hear the worst . What are you going to do with me ? Arrest me ? Speak out , man ! You can't sit there and play with me like a cat with a mouse . "

" Give him a cigar , " said Holmes . " Bite on that , Captain Crocker , and don't let your nerves run away with you . I should not sit here smoking with you if I thought that you were a common criminal , you may be sure of that . Be frank with me and we may do some good . Play tricks with me , and I'll crush you . "

" What do you wish me to do ? "

" To give me a true account of all that happened at the Abbey Grange last night -- a true account , mind you , with nothing added and nothing taken off . I know so much already that if you go one inch off the straight , I'll blow this police whistle from my window and the affair goes out of my hands forever . "

The sailor thought for a little . Then he struck his leg with his great sunburned hand .

" I'll chance it , " he cried . " I believe you are a man of your word , and a white man , and I'll tell you the whole story . But one thing I will say first . So far as I am concerned , I regret nothing and I fear nothing , and I would do it all again and be proud of the job . Damn the beast , if he had as many lives as a cat , he would owe them all to me ! But it's the lady , Mary -- Mary Fraser -- for never will I call her by that accursed name . When I think of getting her into trouble , I who would give my life just to bring one smile to her dear face , it's that that turns my soul into water . And yet -- and yet -- what less could I do ? I'll tell you my story , gentlemen , and then I'll ask you , as man to man , what less could I do ?

" I must go back a bit . You seem to know everything , so I expect that you know that I met her when she was a passenger and I was first officer of the Rock of Gibraltar . From the first day I met her , she was the only woman to me . Every day of that voyage I loved her more , and many a time since have I kneeled down in the darkness of the night watch and kissed the deck of that ship because I knew her dear feet had trod it . She was never engaged to me . She treated me as fairly as ever a woman treated a man . I have no complaint to make . It was all love on my side , and all good comradeship and friendship on hers . When we parted she was a free woman , but I could never again be a free man .

" Next time I came back from sea , I heard of her marriage . Well , why shouldn't she marry whom she liked ? Title and money -- who could carry them better than she ? She was born for all that is beautiful and dainty . I didn't grieve over her marriage . I was not such a selfish hound as that . I just rejoiced that good luck had come her way , and that she had not thrown herself away on a penniless sailor . That's how I loved Mary Fraser .

" Well , I never thought to see her again , but last voyage I was promoted , and the new boat was not yet launched , so I had to wait for a couple of months with my people at Sydenham . One day out in a country lane I met Theresa Wright , her old maid . She told me all about her , about him , about everything . I tell you , gentlemen , it nearly drove me mad . This drunken hound , that he should dare to raise his hand to her , whose boots he was not worthy to lick ! I met Theresa again . Then I met Mary herself -- and met her again . Then she would meet me no more . But the other day I had a notice that I was to start on my voyage within a week , and I determined that I would see her once before I left . Theresa was always my friend , for she loved Mary and hated this villain almost as much as I did . From her I learned the ways of the house . Mary used to sit up reading in her own little room downstairs . I crept round there last night and scratched at the window . At first she would not open to me , but in her heart I know that now she loves me , and she could not leave me in the frosty night . She whispered to me to come round to the big front window , and I found it open before me , so as to let me into the dining-room . Again I heard from her own lips things that made my blood boil , and again I cursed this brute who mishandled the woman I loved . Well , gentlemen , I was standing with her just inside the window , in all innocence , as God is my judge , when he rushed like a madman into the room , called her the vilest name that a man could use to a woman , and welted her across the face with the stick he had in his hand . I had sprung for the poker , and it was a fair fight between us . See here , on my arm , where his first blow fell . Then it was my turn , and I went through him as if he had been a rotten pumpkin . Do you think I was sorry ? Not I ! It was his life or mine , but far more than that , it was his life or hers , for how could I leave her in the power of this madman ? That was how I killed him . Was I wrong ? Well , then , what would either of you gentlemen have done , if you had been in my position ? "

" She had screamed when he struck her , and that brought old Theresa down from the room above . There was a bottle of wine on the sideboard , and I opened it and poured a little between Mary's lips , for she was half dead with shock . Then I took a drop myself . Theresa was as cool as ice , and it was her plot as much as mine . We must make it appear that burglars had done the thing . Theresa kept on repeating our story to her mistress , while I swarmed up and cut the rope of the bell . Then I lashed her in her chair , and frayed out the end of the rope to make it look natural , else they would wonder how in the world a burglar could have got up there to cut it . Then I gathered up a few plates and pots of silver , to carry out the idea of the robbery , and there I left them , with orders to give the alarm when I had a quarter of an hour's start . I dropped the silver into the pond , and made off for Sydenham , feeling that for once in my life I had done a real good night's work . And that's the truth and the whole truth , Mr. Holmes , if it costs me my neck . "

Holmes smoked for some time in silence . Then he crossed the room , and shook our visitor by the hand .

" That's what I think , " said he . " I know that every word is true , for you have hardly said a word which I did not know . No one but an acrobat or a sailor could have got up to that bell-rope from the bracket , and no one but a sailor could have made the knots with which the cord was fastened to the chair . Only once had this lady been brought into contact with sailors , and that was on her voyage , and it was someone of her own class of life , since she was trying hard to shield him , and so showing that she loved him . You see how easy it was for me to lay my hands upon you when once I had started upon the right trail . "

" I thought the police never could have seen through our dodge . "

" And the police haven't , nor will they , to the best of my belief . Now , look here , Captain Crocker , this is a very serious matter , though I am willing to admit that you acted under the most extreme provocation to which any man could be subjected . I am not sure that in defence of your own life your action will not be pronounced legitimate . However , that is for a British jury to decide . Meanwhile I have so much sympathy for you that , if you choose to disappear in the next twenty-four hours , I will promise you that no one will hinder you . "

" And then it will all come out ? "

" Certainly it will come out . "

The sailor flushed with anger .

" What sort of proposal is that to make a man ? I know enough of law to understand that Mary would be held as accomplice . Do you think I would leave her alone to face the music while I slunk away ? No , sir , let them do their worst upon me , but for heaven's sake , Mr. Holmes , find some way of keeping my poor Mary out of the courts . "

Holmes for a second time held out his hand to the sailor .

" I was only testing you , and you ring true every time . Well , it is a great responsibility that I take upon myself , but I have given Hopkins an excellent hint , and if he can't avail himself of it I can do no more . See here , Captain Crocker , we'll do this in due form of law . You are the prisoner . Watson , you are a British jury , and I never met a man who was more eminently fitted to represent one . I am the judge . Now , gentleman of the jury , you have heard the evidence . Do you find the prisoner guilty or not guilty ? "

" Not guilty , my lord , " said I .

" Vox populi , vox Dei . You are acquitted , Captain Crocker . So long as the law does not find some other victim you are safe from me . Come back to this lady in a year , and may her future and yours justify us in the judgment which we have pronounced this night ! "

I have never known my friend to be in better form , both mental and physical , than in the year '95 . His increasing fame had brought with it an immense practice , and I should be guilty of an indiscretion if I were even to hint at the identity of some of the illustrious clients who crossed our humble threshold in Baker Street . Holmes , however , like all great artists , lived for his art's sake , and , save in the case of the Duke of Holdernesse , I have seldom known him claim any large reward for his inestimable services . So unworldly was he -- or so capricious -- that he frequently refused his help to the powerful and wealthy where the problem made no appeal to his sympathies , while he would devote weeks of most intense application to the affairs of some humble client whose case presented those strange and dramatic qualities which appealed to his imagination and challenged his ingenuity .

In this memorable year '95 , a curious and incongruous succession of cases had engaged his attention , ranging from his famous investigation of the sudden death of Cardinal Tosca -- an inquiry which was carried out by him at the express desire of His Holiness the Pope -- down to his arrest of Wilson , the notorious canary-trainer , which removed a plague-spot from the East End of London . Close on the heels of these two famous cases came the tragedy of Woodman's Lee , and the very obscure circumstances which surrounded the death of Captain Peter Carey . No record of the doings of Mr. Sherlock Holmes would be complete which did not include some account of this very unusual affair .

During the first week of July , my friend had been absent so often and so long from our lodgings that I knew he had something on hand . The fact that several rough-looking men called during that time and inquired for Captain Basil made me understand that Holmes was working somewhere under one of the numerous disguises and names with which he concealed his own formidable identity . He had at least five small refuges in different parts of London , in which he was able to change his personality . He said nothing of his business to me , and it was not my habit to force a confidence . The first positive sign which he gave me of the direction which his investigation was taking was an extraordinary one . He had gone out before breakfast , and I had sat down to mine when he strode into the room , his hat upon his head and a huge barbed-headed spear tucked like an umbrella under his arm .

" Good gracious , Holmes ! " I cried . " You don't mean to say that you have been walking about London with that thing ? "

" I drove to the butcher's and back . "

" The butcher's ? "

" And I return with an excellent appetite . There can be no question , my dear Watson , of the value of exercise before breakfast . But I am prepared to bet that you will not guess the form that my exercise has taken . "

" I will not attempt it . "

He chuckled as he poured out the coffee .

" If you could have looked into Allardyce's back shop , you would have seen a dead pig swung from a hook in the ceiling , and a gentleman in his shirt sleeves furiously stabbing at it with this weapon . I was that energetic person , and I have satisfied myself that by no exertion of my strength can I transfix the pig with a single blow . Perhaps you would care to try ? "

" Not for worlds . But why were you doing this ? "

" Because it seemed to me to have an indirect bearing upon the mystery of Woodman's Lee . Ah , Hopkins , I got your wire last night , and I have been expecting you . Come and join us . "

Our visitor was an exceedingly alert man , thirty years of age , dressed in a quiet tweed suit , but retaining the erect bearing of one who was accustomed to official uniform . I recognized him at once as Stanley Hopkins , a young police inspector , for whose future Holmes had high hopes while he in turn professed the admiration and respect of a pupil for the scientific methods of the famous amateur . Hopkins's brow was clouded , and he sat down with an air of deep dejection .

" No , thank you , sir . I breakfasted before I came round . I spent the night in town , for I came up yesterday to report . "

" And what had you to report ? "

" Failure , sir , absolute failure . "

" You have made no progress ? "

" None . "

" Dear me ! I must have a look at the matter . "

" I wish to heavens that you would , Mr. Holmes . It's my first big chance , and I am at my wit's end . For goodness' sake , come down and lend me a hand . "

" Well , well , it just happens that I have already read all the available evidence , including the report of the inquest , with some care . By the way , what do you make of that tobacco pouch , found on the scene of the crime ? Is there no clue there ? "

Hopkins looked surprised .

" It was the man's own pouch , sir . His initials were inside it . And it was of sealskin -- and he was an old sealer . "

" But he had no pipe . "

" No , sir , we could find no pipe . Indeed , he smoked very little , and yet he might have kept some tobacco for his friends . "

" No doubt . I only mention it because , if I had been handling the case , I should have been inclined to make that the starting-point of my investigation . However , my friend , Dr. Watson , knows nothing of this matter , and I should be none the worse for hearing the sequence of events once more . Just give us some short sketches of the essentials . "

Stanley Hopkins drew a slip of paper from his pocket .

" I have a few dates here which will give you the career of the dead man , Captain Peter Carey . He was born in '45 -- fifty years of age . He was a most daring and successful seal and whale fisher . In 1883 he commanded the steam sealer Sea Unicorn , of Dundee . He had then had several successful voyages in succession , and in the following year , 1884 , he retired . After that he travelled for some years , and finally he bought a small place called Woodman's Lee , near Forest Row , in Sussex . There he has lived for six years , and there he died just a week ago to-day .

" There were some most singular points about the man . In ordinary life , he was a strict Puritan -- a silent , gloomy fellow . His household consisted of his wife , his daughter , aged twenty , and two female servants . These last were continually changing , for it was never a very cheery situation , and sometimes it became past all bearing . The man was an intermittent drunkard , and when he had the fit on him he was a perfect fiend . He has been known to drive his wife and daughter out of doors in the middle of the night and flog them through the park until the whole village outside the gates was aroused by their screams .

" He was summoned once for a savage assault upon the old vicar , who had called upon him to remonstrate with him upon his conduct . In short , Mr. Holmes , you would go far before you found a more dangerous man than Peter Carey , and I have heard that he bore the same character when he commanded his ship . He was known in the trade as Black Peter , and the name was given him , not only on account of his swarthy features and the colour of his huge beard , but for the humours which were the terror of all around him . I need not say that he was loathed and avoided by every one of his neighbours , and that I have not heard one single word of sorrow about his terrible end .

" You must have read in the account of the inquest about the man's cabin , Mr. Holmes , but perhaps your friend here has not heard of it . He had built himself a wooden outhouse -- he always called it the ' cabin ' -- a few hundred yards from his house , and it was here that he slept every night . It was a little , single-roomed hut , sixteen feet by ten . He kept the key in his pocket , made his own bed , cleaned it himself , and allowed no other foot to cross the threshold . There are small windows on each side , which were covered by curtains and never opened . One of these windows was turned towards the high road , and when the light burned in it at night the folk used to point it out to each other and wonder what Black Peter was doing in there . That's the window , Mr. Holmes , which gave us one of the few bits of positive evidence that came out at the inquest .

" You remember that a stonemason , named Slater , walking from Forest Row about one o'clock in the morning -- two days before the murder -- stopped as he passed the grounds and looked at the square of light still shining among the trees . He swears that the shadow of a man's head turned sideways was clearly visible on the blind , and that this shadow was certainly not that of Peter Carey , whom he knew well . It was that of a bearded man , but the beard was short and bristled forward in a way very different from that of the captain . So he says , but he had been two hours in the public-house , and it is some distance from the road to the window . Besides , this refers to the Monday , and the crime was done upon the Wednesday .

" On the Tuesday , Peter Carey was in one of his blackest moods , flushed with drink and as savage as a dangerous wild beast . He roamed about the house , and the women ran for it when they heard him coming . Late in the evening , he went down to his own hut . About two o'clock the following morning , his daughter , who slept with her window open , heard a most fearful yell from that direction , but it was no unusual thing for him to bawl and shout when he was in drink , so no notice was taken . On rising at seven , one of the maids noticed that the door of the hut was open , but so great was the terror which the man caused that it was midday before anyone would venture down to see what bad become of him . Peeping into the open door , they saw a sight which sent them flying , with white faces into the village . Within an hour , I was on the spot and had taken over the case .

" Well , I have fairly steady nerves , as you know , Mr. Holmes , but I give you my word , that I got a shake when I put my head into that little house . It was droning like a harmonium with the flies and bluebottles , and the floor and walls were like a slaughter-house . He had called it a cabin , and a cabin it was , sure enough , for you would have thought that you were in a ship . There was a bunk at one end , a sea-chest , maps and charts , a picture of the Sea Unicorn , a line of logbooks on a shelf , all exactly as one would expect to find it in a captain's room . And there , in the middle of it , was the man himself -- his face twisted like a lost soul in tornment , and his great brindled beard stuck upward in his agony . Right through his broad breast a steel harpoon had been driven , and it had sunk deep into the wood of the wall behind him . He was pinned like a beetle on a card . Of course , he was quite dead , and had been so from the instant that he had uttered that last yell of agony .

" I know your methods , sir , and I applied them . Before I permitted anything to be moved , I examined most carefully the ground outside , and also the floor of the room . There were no footmarks . "

" Meaning that you saw none ? "

" I assure you , sir , that there were none . "

" My good Hopkins , I have investigated many crimes , but I have never yet seen one which was commited by a flying creature . As long as the criminal remains upon two legs so long must there be some indentation , some abrasion , some trifling displacement which can be detected by the scientific searcher . It is incredible that this blood-bespattered room contained no trace which could have aided us . I understand , however , from the inquest that there were some objects which you failed to overlook ? "

The young inspector winced at my companion's ironical comments .

" I was a fool not to call you in at the time , Mr. Holmes . However , that's past praying for now . Yes , there were several objects in the room which called for special attention . One was the harpoon with which the deed was committed . It had been snatched down from a rack on the wall . Two others remained there , and there was a vacant place for the third . On the stock was engraved ' SS . Sea Unicorn , Dundee . ' This seemed to establish that the crime had been done in a moment of fury , and that the murderer had seized the first weapon which came in his way . The fact that the crime was committed at two in the morning , and yet Peter Carey was fully dressed , suggested that he had an appointment with the murderer , which is borne out by the fact that a bottle of rum and two dirty glasses stood upon the table . "

" Yes , " said Holmes , " I think that both inferences are permissable . Was there any other spirit but rum in the room ? "

" Yes , there was a tantalus containing brandy and whisky on the sea-chest . It is of no importance to us , however , since the decanters were full , and it had therefore not been used . "

" For all that , its presence had some significance , " said Holmes . " However , let us hear some more about the objects which do seem to you to bear upon the case . "

" There was the tobacco-pouch upon the table . "

" What part of the table ? "

" It lay in the middle . It was of coarse sealskin -- the straight-haired skin , with a leather thong to bind it . Inside was ' P. C. ' on the flap . There was half an ounce of strong ship's tobacco in it . "

" Excellent ! What more ? "

Stanley Hopkins drew from his pocket a drab-covered notebook . The outside was rough and worn , the leaves discoloured . On the first page were written the initials " J. H. N. " and the date " 1883 . " Holmes laid it on the table and examined it in his minute way , while Hopkins and I gazed over each shoulder . On the second page were the printed letters " C. P. R. , " and then came several sheets of numbers . Another heading was " Argentine , " another " Costa Rica , " and another " San Paulo , " each with pages of signs and figures after it .

" What do you make of these ? " asked Holmes .

" They appear to be lists of Stock Exchange securities . I thought that ' J. H. N. ' were the initials of a broker , and that ' C. P. R. ' may have been his client . "

" Try Canadian Pacific Railway , " said Holmes .

Stanley Hopkins swore between his teeth , and struck his thigh with his clenched hand .

" What a fool I have been ! " he cried . " Of course , it is as you say . Then ' J. H. N. ' are the only initials we have to solve . I have already examined the old Stock Exchange lists , and I can find no one in 1883 , either in the house or among the outside brokers , whose initials correspond with these . Yet I feel that the clue is the most important one that I hold . You will admit , Mr. Holmes , that there is a possibility that these initials are those of the second person who was present -- in other words , of the murderer . I would also urge that the introduction into the case of a document relating to large masses of valuable securities gives us for the first time some indication of a motive for the crime . "

Sherlock Holmes's face showed that he was thoroughly taken aback by this new development .

" I must admit both your points , " said he . " I confess that this notebook , which did not appear at the inquest , modifies any views which I may have formed . I had come to a theory of the crime in which I can find no place for this . Have you endeavoured to trace any of the securities here mentioned ? "

" Inquiries are now being made at the offices , but I fear that the complete register of the stockholders of these South American concerns is in South America , and that some weeks must elapse before we can trace the shares . "

Holmes had been examining the cover of the notebook with his magnifying lens .

" Surely there is some discolouration here , " said he .

" Yes , sir , it is a blood-stain . I told you that I picked the book off the floor . "

" Was the blood-stain above or below ? "

" On the side next the boards . "

" Which proves , of course , that the book was dropped after the crime was committed . "

" Exactly , Mr. Holmes . I appreciated that point , and I conjectured that it was dropped by the murderer in his hurried flight . It lay near the door . "

" I suppose that none of these securities have been found among the property of the dead man ? "

" No , sir . "

" Have you any reason to suspect robbery ? "

" No , sir . Nothing seemed to have been touched . "

" Dear me , it is certainly a very interesting case . Then there was a knife , was there not ? "

" A sheath-knife , still in its sheath . It lay at the feet of the dead man . Mrs. Carey has identified it as being her husband's property . "

Holmes was lost in thought for some time .

" Well , " said he , at last , " I suppose I shall have to come out and have a look at it . "

Stanley Hopkins gave a cry of joy . " Thank you , sir . That will , indeed , be a weight off my mind . "

Holmes shook his finger at the inspector .

" It would have been an easier task a week ago , " said he . " But even now my visit may not be entirely fruitless . Watson , if you can spare the time , I should be very glad of your company . If you will call a four-wheeler , Hopkins , we shall be ready to start for Forest Row in a quarter of an hour . " Alighting at the small wayside station , we drove for some miles through the remains of widespread woods , which were once part of that great forest which for so long held the Saxon invaders at bay -- the impenetrable " weald , " for sixty years the bulwark of Britain . Vast sections of it have been cleared , for this is the seat of the first iron-works of the country , and the trees have been felled to smelt the ore . Now the richer fields of the North have absorbed the trade , and nothing save these ravaged groves and great scars in the earth show the work of the past . Here , in a clearing upon the green slope of a hill , stood a long , low , stone house , approached by a curving drive running through the fields . Nearer the road , and surrounded on three sides by bushes , was a small outhouse , one window and the door facing in our direction . It was the scene of the murder .

Stanley Hopkins led us first to the house , where he introduced us to a haggard , gray-haired woman , the widow of the murdered man , whose gaunt and deep-lined face , with the furtive look of terror in the depths of her red-rimmed eyes , told of the years of hardship and ill-usage which she had endured . With her was her daughter , a pale , fair-haired girl , whose eyes blazed defiantly at us as she told us that she was glad that her father was dead , and that she blessed the hand which had struck him down . It was a terrible household that Black Peter Carey had made for himself , and it was with a sense of relief that we found ourselves in the sunlight again and making our way along a path which had been worn across the fields by the feet of the dead man .

The outhouse was the simplest of dwellings , wooden-walled , shingle-roofed , one window beside the door and one on the farther side . Stanley Hopkins drew the key from his pocket and had stooped to the lock , when he paused with a look of attention and surprise upon his face .

" Someone has been tampering with it , " he said .

There could be no doubt of the fact . The woodwork was cut , and the scratches showed white through the paint , as if they had been that instant done . Holmes had been examining the window .

" Someone has tried to force this also . Whoever it was has failed to make his way in . He must have been a very poor burglar . "

" This is a most extraordinary thing , " said the inspector , " I could swear that these marks were not here yesterday evening . "

" Some curious person from the village , perhaps , " I suggested .

" Very unlikely . Few of them would dare to set foot in the grounds , far less try to force their way into the cabin . What do you think of it , Mr. Holmes ? "

" I think that fortune is very kind to us . "

" You mean that the person will come again ? "

" It is very probable . He came expecting to find the door open . He tried to get in with the blade of a very small penknife . He could not manage it . What would he do ? "

" Come again next night with a more useful tool . "

" So I should say . It will be our fault if we are not there to receive him . Meanwhile , let me see the inside of the cabin . "

The traces of the tragedy had been removed , but the furniture within the little room still stood as it had been on the night of the crime . For two hours , with most intense concentration , Holmes examined every object in turn , but his face showed that his quest was not a successful one . Once only he paused in his patient investigation .

" Have you taken anything off this shelf , Hopkins ? "

" No , I have moved nothing . "

" Something has been taken . There is less dust in this corner of the shelf than elsewhere . It may have been a book lying on its side . It may have been a box . Well , well , I can do nothing more . Let us walk in these beautiful woods , Watson , and give a few hours to the birds and the flowers . We shall meet you here later , Hopkins , and see if we can come to closer quarters with the gentleman who has paid this visit in the night . "

It was past eleven o'clock when we formed our little ambuscade . Hopkins was for leaving the door of the hut open , but Holmes was of the opinion that this would rouse the suspicions of the stranger . The lock was a perfectly simple one , and only a strong blade was needed to push it back . Holmes also suggested that we should wait , not inside the hut , but outside it , among the bushes which grew round the farther window . In this way we should be able to watch our man if he struck a light , and see what his object was in this stealthy nocturnal visit .

It was a long and melancholy vigil , and yet brought with it something of the thrill which the hunter feels when he lies beside the water-pool , and waits for the coming of the thirsty beast of prey . What savage creature was it which might steal upon us out of the darkness ? Was it a fierce tiger of crime , which could only be taken fighting hard with flashing fang and claw , or would it prove to be some skulking jackal , dangerous only to the weak and unguarded ?

In absolute silence we crouched amongst the bushes , waiting for whatever might come . At first the steps of a few belated villagers , or the sound of voices from the village , lightened our vigil , but one by one these interruptions died away , and an absolute stillness fell upon us , save for the chimes of the distant church , which told us of the progress of the night , and for the rustle and whisper of a fine rain falling amid the foliage which roofed us in .

Half-past two had chimed , and it was the darkest hour which precedes the dawn , when we all started as a low but sharp click came from the direction of the gate . Someone had entered the drive . Again there was a long silence , and I had begun to fear that it was a false alarm , when a stealthy step was heard upon the other side of the hut , and a moment later a metallic scraping and clinking . The man was trying to force the lock . This time his skill was greater or his tool was better , for there was a sudden snap and the creak of the hinges . Then a match was struck , and next instant the steady light from a candle filled the interior of the hut . Through the gauze curtain our eyes were all riveted upon the scene within .

The nocturnal visitor was a young man , frail and thin , with a black moustache , which intensified the deadly pallor of his face . He could not have been much above twenty years of age . I have never seen any human being who appeared to be in such a pitiable fright , for his teeth were visibly chattering , and he was shaking in every limb . He was dressed like a gentleman , in Norfolk jacket and knickerbockers , with a cloth cap upon his head . We watched him staring round with frightened eyes . Then he laid the candle-end upon the table and disappeared from our view into one of the corners . He returned with a large book , one of the logbooks which formed a line upon the shelves . Leaning on the table , he rapidly turned over the leaves of this volume until he came to the entry which he sought . Then , with an angry gesture of his clenched hand , he closed the book , replaced it in the corner , and put out the light . He had hardly turned to leave the hut when Hopkins's hand was on the fellow's collar , and I heard his loud gasp of terror as he understood that he was taken . The candle was relit , and there was our wretched captive , shivering and cowering in the grasp of the detective . He sank down upon the sea-chest , and looked helplessly from one of us to the other .

" Now , my fine fellow , " said Stanley Hopkins , " who are you , and what do you want here ? "

The man pulled himself together , and faced us with an effort at self-composure .

" You are detectives , I suppose ? " said he . " You imagine I am connected with the death of Captain Peter Carey . I assure you that I am innocent . "

" We'll see about that , " said Hopkins . " First of all , what is your name ? "

" It is John Hopley Neligan . "

I saw Holmes and Hopkins exchange a quick glance .

" What are you doing here ? "

" Can I speak confidentially ? "

" No , certainly not . "

" Why should I tell you ? "

" If you have no answer , it may go badly with you at the trial . "

The young man winced .

" Well , I will tell you , " he said . " Why should I not ? And yet I hate to think of this old scandal gaining a new lease of life . Did you ever hear of Dawson and Neligan ? "

I could see , from Hopkins's face , that he never had , but Holmes was keenly interested .

" You mean the West Country bankers , " said he . " They failed for a million , ruined half the county families of Cornwall , and Neligan disappeared . "

" Exactly . Neligan was my father . "

At last we were getting something positive , and yet it seemed a long gap between an absconding banker and Captain Peter Carey pinned against the wall with one of his own harpoons . We all listened intently to the young man's words .

" It was my father who was really concerned . Dawson had retired . I was only ten years of age at the time , but I was old enough to feel the shame and horror of it all . It has always been said that my father stole all the securities and fled . It is not true . It was his belief that if he were given time in which to realize them , all would be well and every creditor paid in full . He started in his little yacht for Norway just before the warrant was issued for his arrest . I can remember that last night , when he bade farewell to my mother . He left us a list of the securities he was taking , and he swore that he would come back with his honour cleared , and that none who had trusted him would suffer . Well , no word was ever heard from him again . Both the yacht and he vanished utterly . We believed , my mother and I , that he and it , with the securities that he had taken with him , were at the bottom of the sea . We had a faithful friend , however , who is a business man , and it was he who discovered some time ago that some of the securities which my father had with him had reappeared on the London market . You can imagine our amazement . I spent months in trying to trace them , and at last , after many doubtings and difficulties , I discovered that the original seller had been Captain Peter Carey , the owner of this hut .

" Naturally , I made some inquiries about the man . I found that he had been in command of a whaler which was due to return from the Arctic seas at the very time when my father was crossing to Norway . The autumn of that year was a stormy one , and there was a long succession of southerly gales . My father's yacht may well have been blown to the north , and there met by Captain Peter Carey's ship . If that were so , what had become of my father ? In any case , if I could prove from Peter Carey's evidence how these securities came on the market it would be a proof that my father had not sold them , and that he had no view to personal profit when he took them .

" I came down to Sussex with the intention of seeing the captain , but it was at this moment that his terrible death occurred . I read at the inquest a description of his cabin , in which it stated that the old logbooks of his vessel were preserved in it . It struck me that if I could see what occurred in the month of August , 1883 , on board the Sea Unicorn , I might settle the mystery of my father's fate . I tried last night to get at these logbooks , but was unable to open the door . To-night I tried again and succeeded , but I find that the pages which deal with that month have been torn from the book . It was at that moment I found myself a prisoner in your hands . "

" Is that all ? " asked Hopkins .

" Yes , that is all . " His eyes shifted as he said it .

" You have nothing else to tell us ? "

He hesitated .

" No , there is nothing . "

" You have not been here before last night ? "

" No , Damn it . "

" Then how do you account for that ? " cried Hopkins , as he held up the damning notebook , with the initials of our prisoner on the first leaf and the blood-stain on the cover .

The wretched man collapsed . He sank his face in his hands , and trembled all over .

" Where did you get it ? " he groaned . " I did not know . I thought I had lost it at the hotel . "

" That is enough , " said Hopkins , sternly . " Whatever else you have to say , you must say in court . You will walk down with me now to the police-station . Well , Mr. Holmes , I am very much obliged to you and to your friend for coming down to help me . As it turns out your presence was unnecessary , and I would have brought the case to this successful issue without you , but , none the less , I am grateful . Rooms have been reserved for you at the Brambletye Hotel , so we can all walk down to the village together . "

" Well , Watson , what do you think of it ? " asked Holmes , as we travelled back next morning .

" I can see that you are not satisfied . "

" Oh , yes , my dear Watson , I am perfectly satisfied . At the same time , Stanley Hopkins's methods do not commend themselves to me . I am disappointed in Stanley Hopkins . I had hoped for better things from him . One should always look for a possible alternative , and provide against it . It is the first rule of criminal investigation . "

" What , then , is the alternative ? "

" The line of investigation which I have myself been pursuing . It may give us nothing . I cannot tell . But at least I shall follow it to the end . "

Several letters were waiting for Holmes at Baker Street . He snatched one of them up , opened it , and burst out into a triumphant chuckle of laughter .

" Excellent , Watson ! The alternative develops . Have you telegraph forms ? Just write a couple of messages for me : ' Sumner , Shipping Agent , Ratcliff Highway . Send three men on , to arrive ten to-morrow morning , -- Basil . ' That's my name in those parts . The other is : ' Inspector Stanley Hopkins , 46 Lord Street , Brixton . Come breakfast to-morrow at nine-thirty . Important . Wire if unable to come , -- Sherlock Holmes . ' There , Watson , this infernal case has haunted me for ten days . I hereby banish it completely from my presence . To-morrow , I trust that we shall hear the last of it forever . "

Sharp at the hour named Inspector Stanley Hopkins appeared , and we sat down together to the excellent breakfast which Mrs. Hudson had prepared . The young detective was in high spirits at his success .

" You really think that your solution must be correct ? " asked Holmes .

" I could not imagine a more complete case . "

" It did not seem to me conclusive . "

" You astonish me , Mr. Holmes . What more could one ask for ? "

" Does your explanation cover every point ? "

" Undoubtedly . I find that young Neligan arrived at the Brambletye Hotel on the very day of the crime . He came on the pretence of playing golf . His room was on the ground-floor , and he could get out when he liked . That very , night he went down to Woodman's Lee , saw Peter Carey at the hut , quarrelled with him , and killed him with the harpoon . Then , horrified by what he had done , he fled out of the hut , dropping the notebook which he had brought with him in order to question Peter Carey about these different securities . You may have observed that some of them were marked with ticks , and the others -- the great majority -- were not . Those which are ticked have been traced on the London market , but the others , presumably , were still in the possession of Carey , and young Neligan , according to his own account , was anxious to recover them in order to do the right thing by his father's creditors . After his flight he did not dare to approach the hut again for some time , but at last he forced himself to do so in order to obtain the information which he needed . Surely that is all simple and obvious ? "

Holmes smiled and shook his head .

" It seems to me to have only one drawback , Hopkins , and that is that it is intrinsically impossible . Have you tried to drive a harpoon through a body ? No ? Tut , tut , my dear sir , you must really pay attention to these details . My friend Watson could tell you that I spent a whole morning in that exercise . It is no easy matter , and requires a strong and practised arm . But this blow was delivered with such violence that the head of the weapon sank deep into the wall . Do you imagine that this anaemic youth was capable of so frightful an assault ? Is he the man who hobnobbed in rum and water with Black Peter in the dead of the night ? Was it his profile that was seen on the blind two nights before ? No , no , Hopkins , it is another and more formidable person for whom we must seek . "

The detective's face had grown longer and longer during Holmes's speech . His hopes and his ambitions were all crumbling about him . But he would not abandon his position without a struggle .

" You can't deny that Neligan was present that night , Mr. Holmes . The book will prove that . I fancy that I have evidence enough to satisfy a jury , even if you are able to pick a hole in it . Besides , Mr. Holmes , I have laid my hand upon my man . As to this terrible person of yours , where is he ? "

" I rather fancy that he is on the stair , " said Holmes , serenely . " I think , Watson , that you would do well to put that revolver where you can reach it . " He rose and laid a written paper upon a side-table . " Now we are ready , " said he .

There had been some talking in gruff voices outside , and now Mrs. Hudson opened the door to say that there were three men inquiring for Captain Basil .

" Show them in one by one , " said Holmes .

The first who entered was a little Ribston pippin of a man , with ruddy cheeks and fluffy white side-whiskers . Holmes had drawn a letter from his pocket .

" What name ? " he asked .

" James Lancaster . "

" I am sorry , Lancaster , but the berth is full . Here is half a sovereign for your trouble . Just step into this room and wait there for a few minutes . "

The second man was a long , dried-up creature , with lank hair and sallow cheeks . His name was Hugh Pattins . He also received his dismissal , his half-sovereign , and the order to wait . The third applicant was a man of remarkable appearance . A fierce bull-dog face was framed in a tangle of hair and beard , and two bold , dark eyes gleamed behind the cover of thick , tufted , overhung eyebrows . He saluted and stood sailor-fashion , turning his cap round in his hands .

" Your name ? " asked Holmes .

" Patrick Cairns . "

" Harpooner ? "

" Yes , sir . Twenty-six voyages . "

" Dundee , I suppose ? "

" Yes , sir . "

" And ready to start with an exploring ship ? "

" Yes , sir . "

" What wages ? "

" Eight pounds a month . "

" Could you start at once ? "

" As soon as I get my kit . "

" Have you your papers ? "

" Yes , sir . " He took a sheaf of worn and greasy forms from his pocket . Holmes glanced over them and returned them .

" You are just the man I want , " said he . " Here's the agreement on the side-table . If you sign it the whole matter will be settled . "

The seaman lurched across the room and took up the pen .

" Shall I sign here ? " he asked , stooping over the table .

Holmes leaned over his shoulder and passed both hands over his neck .

" This will do , " said he .

I heard a click of steel and a bellow like an enraged bull . The next instant Holmes and the seaman were rolling on the ground together . He was a man of such gigantic strength that , even with the handcuffs which Holmes had so deftly fastened upon his wrists , he would have very quickly overpowered my friend had Hopkins and I not rushed to his rescue . Only when I pressed the cold muzzle of the revolver to his temple did he at last understand that resistance was vain . We lashed his ankles with cord and rose breathless from the struggle .

" I must really apologize , Hopkins , " said Sherlock Holmes . " I fear that the scrambled eggs are cold . However , you will enjoy the rest of your breakfast all the better , will you not , for the thought that you have brought your case to a triumphant conclusion . "

Stanley Hopkins was speechless with amazement .

" I don't know what to say , Mr. Holmes , " he blurted out at last , with a very red face . " It seems to me that I have been making a fool of myself from the beginning . I understand now , what I should never have forgotten , that I am the pupil and you are the master . Even now I see what you have done , but I don't know how you did it or what it signifies . "

" Well , well , " said Holmes , good-humouredly . " We all learn by experience , and your lesson this time is that you should never lose sight of the alternative . You were so absorbed in young Neligan that you could not spare a thought to Patrick Cairns , the true murderer of Peter Carey . "

The hoarse voice of the seaman broke in on our conversation .

" See here , mister , " said he , " I make no complaint of being man-handled in this fashion , but I would have you call things by their right names . You say I murdered Peter Carey , I say I killed Peter Carey , and there's all the difference . Maybe you don't believe what I say . Maybe you think I am just slinging you a yarn . "

" Not at all , " said Holmes . " Let us hear what you have to say . "

" It's soon told , and , by the Lord , every word of it is truth . I knew Black Peter , and when he pulled out his knife I whipped a harpoon through him sharp , for I knew that it was him or me . That's how he died . You can call it murder . Anyhow , I'd as soon die with a rope round my neck as with Black Peter's knife in my heart . "

" How came you there ? " asked Holmes .

" I'll tell it you from the beginning . Just sit me up a little , so as I can speak easy . It was in '83 that it happened -- August of that year . Peter Carey was master of the Sea Unicorn , and I was spare harpooner . We were coming out of the ice-pack on our way home , with head winds and a week's southerly gale , when we picked up a little craft that had been blown north . There was one man on her -- a landsman . The crew had thought she would founder and had made for the Norwegian coast in the dinghy . I guess they were all drowned . Well , we took him on board , this man , and he and the skipper had some long talks in the cabin . All the baggage we took off with him was one tin box . So far as I know , the man's name was never mentioned , and on the second night he disappeared as if he had never been . It was given out that he had either thrown himself overboard or fallen overboard in the heavy weather that we were having . Only one man knew what had happened to him , and that was me , for , with my own eyes , I saw the skipper tip up his heels and put him over the rail in the middle watch of a dark night , two days before we sighted the Shetland Lights .

" Well , I kept my knowledge to myself , and waited to see what would come of it . When we got back to Scotland it was easily hushed up , and nobody asked any questions . A stranger died by accident , and it was nobody's business to inquire . Shortly after Peter Carey gave up the sea , and it was long years before I could find where he was . I guessed that he had done the deed for the sake of what was in that tin box , and that he could afford now to pay me well for keeping my mouth shut .

" I found out where he was through a sailor man that had met him in London , and down I went to squeeze him . The first night he was reasonable enough , and was ready to give me what would make me free of the sea for life . We were to fix it all two nights later . When I came , I found him three parts drunk and in a vile temper . We sat down and we drank and we yarned about old times , but the more he drank the less I liked the look on his face . I spotted that harpoon upon the wall , and I thought I might need it before I was through . Then at last he broke out at me , spitting and cursing , with murder in his eyes and a great clasp-knife in his hand . He had not time to get it from the sheath before I had the harpoon through him . Heavens ! what a yell he gave ! and his face gets between me and my sleep . I stood there , with his blood splashing round me , and I waited for a bit , but all was quiet , so I took heart once more . I looked round , and there was the tin box on the shelf . I had as much right to it as Peter Carey , anyhow , so I took it with me and left the hut . Like a fool I left my baccy-pouch upon the table .

" Now I'll tell you the queerest part of the whole story . I had hardly got outside the hut when I heard someone coming , and I hid among the bushes . A man came slinking along , went into the hut , gave a cry as if he had seen a ghost , and legged it as hard as he could run until he was out of sight . Who he was or what he wanted is more than I can tell . For my part I walked ten miles , got a train at Tunbridge Wells , and so reached London , and no one the wiser .

" Well , when I came to examine the box I found there was no money in it , and nothing but papers that I would not dare to sell . I had lost my hold on Black Peter and was stranded in London without a shilling . There was only my trade left . I saw these advertisements about harpooners , and high wages , so I went to the shipping agents , and they sent me here . That's all I know and I say again that if I killed Black Peter , the law should give me thanks , for I saved them the price of a hempen rope . "

" A very clear statement , " said Holmes , rising and lighting his pipe . " I think , Hopkins , that you should lose no time in conveying your prisoner to a place of safety . This room is not well adapted for a cell , and Mr. Patrick Cairns occupies too large a proportion of our carpet . "

" Mr. Holmes , " said Hopkins , " I do not know how to express my gratitude . Even now I do not understand how you attained this result . "

" Simply by having the good fortune to get the right clue from the beginning . It is very possible if I had known about this notebook it might have led away my thoughts , as it did yours . But all I heard pointed in the one direction . The amazing strength , the skill in the use of the harpoon , the rum and water , the sealskin tobacco-pouch with the coarse tobacco -- all these pointed to a seaman , and one who had been a whaler . I was convinced that the initials ' P. C. ' upon the pouch were a coincidence , and not those of Peter Carey , since he seldom smoked , and no pipe was found in his cabin . You remember that I asked whether whisky and brandy were in the cabin . You said they were . How many landsmen are there who would drink rum when they could get these other spirits ? Yes , I was certain it was a seaman . "

" And how did you find him ? "

" My dear sir , the problem had become a very simple one . If it were a seaman , it could only be a seaman who had been with him on the Sea Unicorn . So far as I could learn he had sailed in no other ship . I spent three days in wiring to Dundee , and at the end of that time I had ascertained the names of the crew of the Sea Unicorn in 1883 . When I found Patrick Cairns among the harpooners , my research was nearing its end . I argued that the man was probably in London , and that he would desire to leave the country for a time . I therefore spent some days in the East End , devised an Arctic expedition , put forth tempting terms for harpooners who would serve under Captain Basil -- and behold the result ! "

" Wonderful ! " cried Hopkins . " Wonderful ! "

" You must obtain the release of young Neligan as soon as possible , " said Holmes . " I confess that I think you owe him some apology . The tin box must be returned to him , but , of course , the securities which Peter Carey has sold are lost forever . There's the cab , Hopkins , and you can remove your man . If you want me for the trial , my address and that of Watson will be somewhere in Norway -- I'll send particulars later . "

It is years since the incidents of which I speak took place , and yet it is with diffidence that I allude to them . For a long time , even with the utmost discretion and reticence , it would have been impossible to make the facts public , but now the principal person concerned is beyond the reach of human law , and with due suppression the story may be told in such fashion as to injure no one . It records an absolutely unique experience in the career both of Mr. Sherlock Holmes and of myself . The reader will excuse me if I conceal the date or any other fact by which he might trace the actual occurrence .

We had been out for one of our evening rambles , Holmes and I , and had returned about six o'clock on a cold , frosty winter's evening . As Holmes turned up the lamp the light fell upon a card on the table . He glanced at it , and then , with an ejaculation of disgust , threw it on the floor . I picked it up and read :

CHARLES AUGUSTUS MILVERTON , Appledore Towers , Hampstead . Agent .

" Who is he ? " I asked .

" The worst man in London , " Holmes answered , as he sat down and stretched his legs before the fire . " Is anything on the back of the card ? "

I turned it over .

" Will call at 6:30 -- C. A. M. , " I read .

" Hum ! He's about due . Do you feel a creeping , shrinking sensation , Watson , when you stand before the serpents in the Zoo , and see the slithery , gliding , venomous creatures , with their deadly eyes and wicked , flattened faces ? Well , that's how Milverton impresses me . I've had to do with fifty murderers in my career , but the worst of them never gave me the repulsion which I have for this fellow . And yet I can't get out of doing business with him -- indeed , he is here at my invitation . "

" But who is he ? "

" I'll tell you , Watson . He is the king of all the blackmailers . Heaven help the man , and still more the woman , whose secret and reputation come into the power of Milverton ! With a smiling face and a heart of marble , he will squeeze and squeeze until he has drained them dry . The fellow is a genius in his way , and would have made his mark in some more savoury trade . His method is as follows : He allows it to be known that he is prepared to pay very high sums for letters which compromise people of wealth and position . He receives these wares not only from treacherous valets or maids , but frequently from genteel ruffians , who have gained the confidence and affection of trusting women . He deals with no niggard hand . I happen to know that he paid seven hundred pounds to a footman for a note two lines in length , and that the ruin of a noble family was the result . Everything which is in the market goes to Milverton , and there are hundreds in this great city who turn white at his name . No one knows where his grip may fall , for he is far too rich and far too cunning to work from hand to mouth . He will hold a card back for years in order to play it at the moment when the stake is best worth winning . I have said that he is the worst man in London , and I would ask you how could one compare the ruffian , who in hot blood bludgeons his mate , with this man , who methodically and at his leisure tortures the soul and wrings the nerves in order to add to his already swollen money-bags ? "

I had seldom heard my friend speak with such intensity of feeling .

" But surely , " said I , " the fellow must be within the grasp of the law ? "

" Technically , no doubt , but practically not . What would it profit a woman , for example , to get him a few months' imprisonment if her own ruin must immediately follow ? His victims dare not hit back . If ever he blackmailed an innocent person , then indeed we should have him , but he is as cunning as the Evil One . No , no , we must find other ways to fight him . "

" And why is he here ? "

" Because an illustrious client has placed her piteous case in my hands . It is the Lady Eva Blackwell , the most beautiful debutante of last season . She is to be married in a fortnight to the Earl of Dovercourt . This fiend has several imprudent letters -- imprudent , Watson , nothing worse -- which were written to an impecunious young squire in the country . They would suffice to break off the match . Milverton will send the letters to the Earl unless a large sum of money is paid him . I have been commissioned to meet him , and -- to make the best terms I can . "

At that instant there was a clatter and a rattle in the street below . Looking down I saw a stately carriage and pair , the brilliant lamps gleaming on the glossy haunches of the noble chestnuts . A footman opened the door , and a small , stout man in a shaggy astrakhan overcoat descended . A minute later he was in the room .

Charles Augustus Milverton was a man of fifty , with a large , intellectual head , a round , plump , hairless face , a perpetual frozen smile , and two keen gray eyes , which gleamed brightly from behind broad , gold-rimmed glasses . There was something of Mr. Pickwick's benevolence in his appearance , marred only by the insincerity of the fixed smile and by the hard glitter of those restless and penetrating eyes . His voice was as smooth and suave as his countenance , as he advanced with a plump little hand extended , murmuring his regret for having missed us at his first visit . Holmes disregarded the outstretched hand and looked at him with a face of granite . Milverton's smile broadened , he shrugged his shoulders , removed his overcoat , folded it with great deliberation over the back of a chair , and then took a seat .

" This gentleman ? " said he , with a wave in my direction . " Is it discreet ? Is it right ? "

" Dr. Watson is my friend and partner . "

" Very good , Mr. Holmes . It is only in your client's interests that I protested . The matter is so very delicate -- "

" Dr. Watson has already heard of it . "

" Then we can proceed to business . You say that you are acting for Lady Eva . Has she empowered you to accept my terms ? "

" What are your terms ? "

" Seven thousand pounds . "

" And the alternative ? "

" My dear sir , it is painful for me to discuss it , but if the money is not paid on the 14th , there certainly will be no marriage on the 18th . " His insufferable smile was more complacent than ever .

Holmes thought for a little .

" You appear to me , " he said , at last , " to be taking matters too much for granted . I am , of course , familiar with the contents of these letters . My client will certainly do what I may advise . I shall counsel her to tell her future husband the whole story and to trust to his generosity . "

Milverton chuckled .

" You evidently do not know the Earl , " said he .

From the baffled look upon Holmes's face , I could see clearly that he did .

" What harm is there in the letters ? " he asked .

" They are sprightly -- very sprightly , " Milverton answered . " The lady was a charming correspondent . But I can assure you that the Earl of Dovercourt would fail to appreciate them . However , since you think otherwise , we will let it rest at that . It is purely a matter of business . If you think that it is in the best interests of your client that these letters should be placed in the hands of the Earl , then you would indeed be foolish to pay so large a sum of money to regain them . " He rose and seized his astrakhan coat .

Holmes was gray with anger and mortification .

" Wait a little , " he said . " You go too fast . We should certainly make every effort to avoid scandal in so delicate a matter . "

Milverton relapsed into his chair .

" I was sure that you would see it in that light , " he purred .

" At the same time , " Holmes continued , " Lady Eva is not a wealthy woman . I assure you that two thousand pounds would be a drain upon her resources , and that the sum you name is utterly beyond her power . I beg , therefore , that you will moderate your demands , and that you will return the letters at the price I indicate , which is , I assure you , the highest that you can get . "

Milverton's smile broadened and his eyes twinkled humorously .

" I am aware that what you say is true about the lady's resources , " said he . " At the same time you must admit that the occasion of a lady's marriage is a very suitable time for her friends and relatives to make some little effort upon her behalf . They may hesitate as to an acceptable wedding present . Let me assure them that this little bundle of letters would give more joy than all the candelabra and butter-dishes in London . "

" It is impossible , " said Holmes .

" Dear me , dear me , how unfortunate ! " cried Milverton , taking out a bulky pocketbook . " I cannot help thinking that ladies are ill-advised in not making an effort . Look at this ! " He held up a little note with a coat-of-arms upon the envelope . " That belongs to well , perhaps it is hardly fair to tell the name until to-morrow morning . But at that time it will be in the hands of the lady's husband . And all because she will not find a beggarly sum which she could get by turning her diamonds into paste . It is such a pity ! Now , you remember the sudden end of the engagement between the Honourable Miss Miles and Colonel Dorking ? Only two days before the wedding , there was a paragraph in the Morning Post to say that it was all off . And why ? It is almost incredible , but the absurd sum of twelve hundred pounds would have settled the whole question . Is it not pitiful ? And here I find you , a man of sense , boggling about terms , when your client's future and honour are at stake . You surprise me , Mr. Holmes . "

" What I say is true , " Holmes answered . " The money cannot be found . Surely it is better for you to take the substantial sum which I offer than to ruin this woman's career , which can profit you in no way ? "

" There you make a mistake , Mr. Holmes . An exposure would profit me indirectly to a considerable extent . I have eight or ten similar cases maturing . If it was circulated among them that I had made a severe example of the Lady Eva , I should find all of them much more open to reason . You see my point ? "

Holmes sprang from his chair .

" Get behind him , Watson ! Don't let him out ! Now , sir , let us see the contents of that notebook . "

Milverton had glided as quick as a rat to the side of the room and stood with his back against the wall .

" Mr. Holmes , Mr. Holmes , " he said , turning the front of his coat and exhibiting the butt of a large revolver , which projected from the inside pocket . " I have been expecting you to do something original . This has been done so often , and what good has ever come from it ? I assure you that I am armed to the teeth , and I am perfectly prepared to use my weapons , knowing that the law will support me . Besides , your supposition that I would bring the letters here in a notebook is entirely mistaken . I would do nothing so foolish . And now , gentlemen , I have one or two little interviews this evening , and it is a long drive to Hampstead . " He stepped forward , took up his coat , laid his hand on his revolver , and turned to the door . I picked up a chair , but Holmes shook his head , and I laid it down again . With a bow , a smile , and a twinkle , Milverton was out of the room , and a few moments after we heard the slam of the carriage door and the rattle of the wheels as he drove away .

Holmes sat motionless by the fire , his hands buried deep in his trouser pockets , his chin sunk upon his breast , his eyes fixed upon the glowing embers . For half an hour he was silent and still . Then , with the gesture of a man who has taken his decision , he sprang to his feet and passed into his bedroom . A little later a rakish young workman , with a goatee beard and a swagger , lit his clay pipe at the lamp before descending into the street . " I'll be back some time , Watson , " said he , and vanished into the night . I understood that he had opened his campaign against Charles Augustus Milverton , but I little dreamed the strange shape which that campaign was destined to take .

For some days Holmes came and went at all hours in this attire , but beyond a remark that his time was spent at Hampstead , and that it was not wasted , I knew nothing of what he was doing . At last , however , on a wild , tempestuous evening , when the wind screamed and rattled against the windows , he returned from his last expedition , and having removed his disguise he sat before the fire and laughed heartily in his silent inward fashion .

" You would not call me a marrying man , Watson ? "

" No , indeed ! "

" You'll be interested to hear that I'm engaged . "

" My dear fellow ! I congrat-- "

" To Milverton's housemaid . "

" Good heavens , Holmes ! "

" I wanted information , Watson . "

" Surely you have gone too far ? "

" It was a most necessary step . I am a plumber with a rising business , Escott , by name . I have walked out with her each evening , and I have talked with her . Good heavens , those talks ! However , I have got all I wanted . I know Milverton's house as I know the palm of my hand . "

" But the girl , Holmes ? "

He shrugged his shoulders .

" You can't help it , my dear Watson . You must play your cards as best you can when such a stake is on the table . However . I rejoice to say that I have a hated rival , who will certainly cut me out the instant that my back is turned . What a splendid night it is ! "

" You like this weather ? "

" It suits my purpose . Watson , I mean to burgle Milverton's house to-night . "

I had a catching of the breath , and my skin went cold at the words , which were slowly uttered in a tone of concentrated resolution . As a flash of lightning in the night shows up in an instant every detail of a wild landscape , so at one glance I seemed to see every possible result of such an action -- the detection , the capture , the honoured career ending in irreparable failure and disgrace , my friend himself lying at the mercy of the odious Milverton .

" For heaven's sake , Holmes , think what you are doing , " I cried .

" My dear fellow , I have given it every consideration . I am never precipitate in my actions , nor would I adopt so energetic and , indeed , so dangerous a course , if any other were possible . Let us look at the matter clearly and fairly . I suppose that you will admit that the action is morally justifiable , though technically criminal . To burgle his house is no more than to forcibly take his pocketbook -- an action in which you were prepared to aid me . "

I turned it over in my mind .

" Yes , " I said , " it is morally justifiable so long as our object is to take no articles save those which are used for an illegal purpose . "

" Exactly . Since it is morally justifiable , I have only to consider the question of personal risk . Surely a gentleman should not lay much stress upon this , when a lady is in most desperate need of his help ? "

" You will be in such a false position . "

" Well , that is part of the risk . There is no other possible way of regaining these letters . The unfortunate lady has not the money , and there are none of her people in whom she could confide . To-morrow is the last day of grace , and unless we can get the letters to-night , this villain will be as good as his word and will bring about her ruin . I must , therefore , abandon my client to her fate or I must play this last card . Between ourselves , Watson , it's a sporting duel between this fellow Milverton and me . He had , as you saw , the best of the first exchanges , but my self-respect and my reputation are concerned to fight it to a finish . "

" Well , I don't like it , but I suppose it must be , " said I .

" When do we start ? "

" You are not coming . "

" Then you are not going , " said I . " I give you my word of honour -- and I never broke it in my life -- that I will take a cab straight to the police-station and give you away , unless you let me share this adventure with you . "

" You can't help me . "

" How do you know that ? You can't tell what may happen . Anyway , my resolution is taken . Other people besides you have self-respect , and even reputations . "

Holmes had looked annoyed , but his brow cleared , and he clapped me on the shoulder .

" Well , well , my dear fellow , be it so . We have shared this same room for some years , and it would be amusing if we ended by sharing the same cell . You know , Watson , I don't mind confessing to you that I have always had an idea that I would have made a highly efficient criminal . This is the chance of my lifetime in that direction . See here ! " He took a neat little leather case out of a drawer , and opening it he exhibited a number of shining instruments . " This is a first-class , up-to-date burgling kit , with nickel-plated jemmy , diamond-tipped glass-cutter , adaptable keys , and every modern improvement which the march of civilization demands . Here , too , is my dark lantern . Everything is in order . Have you a pair of silent shoes ? "

" I have rubber-soled tennis shoes . "

" Excellent ! And a mask ? "

" I can make a couple out of black silk . "

" I can see that you have a strong , natural turn for this sort of thing . Very good , do you make the masks . We shall have some cold supper before we start . It is now nine-thirty . At eleven we shall drive as far as Church Row . It is a quarter of an hour's walk from there to Appledore Towers . We shall be at work before midnight . Milverton is a heavy sleeper , and retires punctually at ten-thirty . With any luck we should be back here by two , with the Lady Eva's letters in my pocket . "

Holmes and I put on our dress-clothes , so that we might appear to be two theatre-goers homeward bound . In Oxford Street we picked up a hansom and drove to an address in Hampstead . Here we paid off our cab , and with our great coats buttoned up , for it was bitterly cold , and the wind seemed to blow through us , we walked along the edge of the heath .

" It's a business that needs delicate treatment , " said Holmes . " These documents are contained in a safe in the fellow's study , and the study is the ante-room of his bed-chamber . On the other hand , like all these stout , little men who do themselves well , he is a plethoric sleeper . Agatha -- that's my fiancee -- says it is a joke in the servants' hall that it's impossible to wake the master . He has a secretary who is devoted to his interests , and never budges from the study all day . That's why we are going at night . Then he has a beast of a dog which roams the garden . I met Agatha late the last two evenings , and she locks the brute up so as to give me a clear run . This is the house , this big one in its own grounds . Through the gate -- now to the right among the laurels . We might put on our masks here , I think . You see , there is not a glimmer of light in any of the windows , and everything is working splendidly . "

With our black silk face-coverings , which turned us into two of the most truculent figures in London , we stole up to the silent , gloomy house . A sort of tiled veranda extended along one side of it , lined by several windows and two doors .

" That's his bedroom , " Holmes whispered . " This door opens straight into the study . It would suit us best , but it is bolted as well as locked , and we should make too much noise getting in . Come round here . There's a greenhouse which opens into the drawing-room . "

The place was locked , but Holmes removed a circle of glass and turned the key from the inside . An instant afterwards he had closed the door behind us , and we had become felons in the eyes of the law . The thick , warm air of the conservatory and the rich , choking fragrance of exotic plants took us by the throat . He seized my hand in the darkness and led me swiftly past banks of shrubs which brushed against our faces . Holmes had remarkable powers , carefully cultivated , of seeing in the dark . Still holding my hand in one of his , he opened a door , and I was vaguely conscious that we had entered a large room in which a cigar had been smoked not long before . He felt his way among the furniture , opened another door , and closed it behind us . Putting out my hand I felt several coats hanging from the wall , and I understood that I was in a passage . We passed along it , and Holmes very gently opened a door upon the right-hand side . Something rushed out at us and my heart sprang into my mouth , but I could have laughed when I realized that it was the cat . A fire was burning in this new room , and again the air was heavy with tobacco smoke . Holmes entered on tiptoe , waited for me to follow , and then very gently closed the door . We were in Milverton's study , and a portière at the farther side showed the entrance to his bedroom .

It was a good fire , and the room was illuminated by it . Near the door I saw the gleam of an electric switch , but it was unnecessary , even if it had been safe , to turn it on . At one side of the fireplace was a heavy curtain which covered the bay window we had seen from outside . On the other side was the door which communicated with the veranda . A desk stood in the centre , with a turning-chair of shining red leather . Opposite was a large bookcase , with a marble bust of Athene on the top . In the corner , between the bookcase and the wall , there stood a tall , green safe , the firelight flashing back from the polished brass knobs upon its face . Holmes stole across and looked at it . Then he crept to the door of the bedroom , and stood with slanting head listening intently . No sound came from within . Meanwhile it had struck me that it would be wise to secure our retreat through the outer door , so I examined it . To my amazement , it was neither locked nor bolted . I touched Holmes on the arm , and he turned his masked face in that direction . I saw him start , and he was evidently as surprised as I .

" I don't like it , " he whispered , putting his lips to my very ear . " I can't quite make it out . Anyhow , we have no time to lose . "

" Can I do anything ? "

" Yes , stand by the door . If you hear anyone come , bolt it on the inside , and we can get away as we came . If they come the other way , we can get through the door if our job is done , or hide behind these window curtains if it is not . Do you understand ? "

I nodded , and stood by the door . My first feeling of fear had passed away , and I thrilled now with a keener zest than I had ever enjoyed when we were the defenders of the law instead of its defiers . The high object of our mission , the consciousness that it was unselfish and chivalrous , the villainous character of our opponent , all added to the sporting interest of the adventure . Far from feeling guilty , I rejoiced and exulted in our dangers . With a glow of admiration I watched Holmes unrolling his case of instruments and choosing his tool with the calm , scientific accuracy of a surgeon who performs a delicate operation . I knew that the opening of safes was a particular hobby with him , and I understood the joy which it gave him to be confronted with this green and gold monster , the dragon which held in its maw the reputations of many fair ladies . Turning up the cuffs of his dress-coat -- he had placed his overcoat on a chair -- Holmes laid out two drills , a jemmy , and several skeleton keys . I stood at the centre door with my eyes glancing at each of the others , ready for any emergency , though , indeed , my plans were somewhat vague as to what I should do if we were interrupted . For half an hour , Holmes worked with concentrated energy , laying down one tool , picking up another , handling each with the strength and delicacy of the trained mechanic . Finally I heard a click , the broad green door swung open , and inside I had a glimpse of a number of paper packets , each tied , sealed , and inscribed . Holmes picked one out , but it was hard to read by the flickering fire , and he drew out his little dark lantern , for it was too dangerous , with Milverton in the next room , to switch on the electric light . Suddenly I saw him halt , listen intently , and then in an instant he had swung the door of the safe to , picked up his coat , stuffed his tools into the pockets , and darted behind the window curtain , motioning me to do the same .

It was only when I had joined him there that I heard what had alarmed his quicker senses . There was a noise somewhere within the house . A door slammed in the distance . Then a confused , dull murmur broke itself into the measured thud of heavy footsteps rapidly approaching . They were in the passage outside the room . They paused at the door . The door opened . There was a sharp snick as the electric light was turned on . The door closed once more , and the pungent reek of a strong cigar was borne to our nostrils . Then the footsteps continued backward and forward , backward and forward , within a few yards of us . Finally there was a creak from a chair , and the footsteps ceased . Then a key clicked in a lock , and I heard the rustle of papers .

So far I had not dared to look out , but now I gently parted the division of the curtains in front of me and peeped through . From the pressure of Holmes's shoulder against mine , I knew that he was sharing my observations . Right in front of us , and almost within our reach , was the broad , rounded back of Milverton . It was evident that we had entirely miscalculated his movements , that he had never been to his bedroom , but that he had been sitting up in some smoking or billiard room in the farther wing of the house , the windows of which we had not seen . His broad , grizzled head , with its shining patch of baldness , was in the immediate foreground of our vision . He was leaning far back in the red leather chair , his legs outstretched , a long , black cigar projecting at an angle from his mouth . He wore a semi-military smoking jacket , claret-coloured , with a black velvet collar . In his hand he held a long , legal document which he was reading in an indolent fashion , blowing rings of tobacco smoke from his lips as he did so . There was no promise of a speedy departure in his composed bearing and his comfortable attitude .

I felt Holmes's hand steal into mine and give me a reassuring shake , as if to say that the situation was within his powers , and that he was easy in his mind . I was not sure whether he had seen what was only too obvious from my position , that the door of the safe was imperfectly closed , and that Milverton might at any moment observe it . In my own mind I had determined that if I were sure , from the rigidity of his gaze , that it had caught his eye , I would at once spring out , throw my great coat over his head , pinion him , and leave the rest to Holmes . But Milverton never looked up . He was languidly interested by the papers in his hand , and page after page was turned as he followed the argument of the lawyer . At least , I thought , when he has finished the document and the cigar he will go to his room , but before he had reached the end of either , there came a remarkable development which turned our thoughts into quite another channel .

Several times I had observed that Milverton looked at his watch , and once he had risen and sat down again , with a gesture of impatience . The idea , however , that he might have an appointment at so strange an hour never occurred to me until a faint sound reached my ears from the veranda outside . Milverton dropped his papers and sat rigid in his chair . The sound was repeated , and then there came a gentle tap at the door . Milverton rose and opened it .

" Well , " said he , curtly , " you are nearly half an hour late . "

So this was the explanation of the unlocked door and of the nocturnal vigil of Milverton . There was the gentle rustle of a woman's dress . I had closed the slit between the curtains as Milverton's face had turned in our direction , but now I ventured very carefully to open it once more . He had resumed his seat , the cigar still projecting at an insolent angle from the corner of his mouth . In front of him , in the full glare of the electric light , there stood a tall , slim , dark woman , a veil over her face , a mantle drawn round her chin . Her breath came quick and fast , and every inch of the lithe figure was quivering with strong emotion .

" Well , " said Milverton , " you made me lose a good night's rest , my dear . I hope you'll prove worth it . You couldn't come any other time -- eh ? "

The woman shook her head .

" Well , if you couldn't you couldn't . If the Countess is a hard mistress , you have your chance to get level with her now . Bless the girl , what are you shivering about ? That's right . Pull yourself together . Now , let us get down to business . " He took a notebook from the drawer of his desk . " You say that you have five letters which compromise the Countess d'Albert . You want to sell them . I want to buy them . So far so good . It only remains to fix a price . I should want to inspect the letters , of course . If they are really good specimens -- Great heavens , is it you ? "

The woman , without a word , had raised her veil and dropped the mantle from her chin . It was a dark , handsome , clear-cut face which confronted Milverton -- a face with a curved nose , strong , dark eyebrows shading hard , glittering eyes , and a straight , thin-lipped mouth set in a dangerous smile .

" It is I , " she said , " the woman whose life you have ruined . "

Milverton laughed , but fear vibrated in his voice . " You were so very obstinate , " said he . " Why did you drive me to such extremities ? I assure you I wouldn't hurt a fly of my own accord , but every man has his business , and what was I to do ? I put the price well within your means . You would not pay . "

" So you sent the letters to my husband , and he -- the noblest gentleman that ever lived , a man whose boots I was never worthy to lace -- he broke his gallant heart and died . You remember that last night , when I came through that door , I begged and prayed you for mercy , and you laughed in my face as you are trying to laugh now , only your coward heart cannot keep your lips from twitching . Yes , you never thought to see me here again , but it was that night which taught me how I could meet you face to face , and alone . Well , Charles Milverton , what have you to say ? "

" Don't imagine that you can bully me , " said he , rising to his feet . " I have only to raise my voice , and I could call my servants and have you arrested . But I will make allowance for your natural anger . Leave the room at once as you came , and I will say no more . "

The woman stood with her hand buried in her bosom , and the same deadly smile on her thin lips .

" You will ruin no more lives as you have ruined mine . You will wring no more hearts as you wrung mine . I will free the world of a poisonous thing . Take that , you hound -- and that ! -- and that ! -- and that ! -- and that ! "

She had drawn a little gleaming revolver , and emptied barrel after barrel into Milverton's body , the muzzle within two feet of his shirt front . He shrank away and then fell forward upon the table , coughing furiously and clawing among the papers . Then he staggered to his feet , received another shot , and rolled upon the floor . " You've done me , " he cried , and lay still . The woman looked at him intently , and ground her heel into his upturned face . She looked again , but there was no sound or movement . I heard a sharp rustle , the night air blew into the heated room , and the avenger was gone .

No interference upon our part could have saved the man from his fate , but , as the woman poured bullet after bullet into Milverton's shrinking body I was about to spring out , when I felt Holmes's cold , strong grasp upon my wrist . I understood the whole argument of that firm , restraining grip -- that it was no affair of ours , that justice had overtaken a villain , that we had our own duties and our own objects , which were not to be lost sight of . But hardly had the woman rushed from the room when Holmes , with swift , silent steps , was over at the other door . He turned the key in the lock . At the same instant we heard voices in the house and the sound of hurrying feet . The revolver shots had roused the household . With perfect coolness Holmes slipped across to the safe , filled his two arms with bundles of letters , and poured them all into the fire . Again and again he did it , until the safe was empty . Someone turned the handle and beat upon the outside of the door . Holmes looked swiftly round . The letter which had been the messenger of death for Milverton lay , all mottled with his blood , upon the table . Holmes tossed it in among the blazing papers . Then he drew the key from the outer door , passed through after me , and locked it on the outside . " This way , Watson , " said he , " we can scale the garden wall in this direction . "

I could not have believed that an alarm could have spread so swiftly . Looking back , the huge house was one blaze of light . The front door was open , and figures were rushing down the drive . The whole garden was alive with people , and one fellow raised a view-halloa as we emerged from the veranda and followed hard at our heels . Holmes seemed to know the grounds perfectly , and he threaded his way swiftly among a plantation of small trees , I close at his heels , and our foremost pursuer panting behind us . It was a six-foot wall which barred our path , but he sprang to the top and over . As I did the same I felt the hand of the man behind me grab at my ankle , but I kicked myself free and scrambled over a grass-strewn coping . I fell upon my face among some bushes , but Holmes had me on my feet in an instant , and together we dashed away across the huge expanse of Hampstead Heath . We had run two miles , I suppose , before Holmes at last halted and listened intently . All was absolute silence behind us . We had shaken off our pursuers and were safe .

We had breakfasted and were smoking our morning pipe on the day after the remarkable experience which I have recorded , when Mr. Lestrade , of Scotland Yard , very solemn and impressive , was ushered into our modest sitting-room .

" Good-morning , Mr. Holmes , " said he ; " good-morning . May I ask if you are very busy just now ? "

" Not too busy to listen to you . "

" I thought that , perhaps , if you had nothing particular on hand , you might care to assist us in a most remarkable case , which occurred only last night at Hampstead . "

" Dear me ! " said Holmes . " What was that ? "

" A murder -- a most dramatic and remarkable murder . I know how keen you are upon these things , and I would take it as a great favour if you would step down to Appledore Towers , and give us the benefit of your advice . It is no ordinary crime . We have had our eyes upon this Mr. Milverton for some time , and , between ourselves , he was a bit of a villain . He is known to have held papers which he used for blackmailing purposes . These papers have all been burned by the murderers . No article of value was taken , as it is probable that the criminals were men of good position , whose sole object was to prevent social exposure . "

" Criminals ? " said Holmes . " Plural ? "

" Yes , there were two of them . They were as nearly as possible captured red-handed . We have their footmarks , we have their description , it's ten to one that we trace them . The first fellow was a bit too active , but the second was caught by the under-gardener , and only got away after a struggle . He was a middle-sized , strongly built man -- square jaw , thick neck , moustache , a mask over his eyes . "

" That's rather vague , " said Sherlock Holmes . " Why , it might be a description of Watson ! "

" It's true , " said the inspector , with amusement . " It might be a description of Watson . "

" Well , I'm afraid I can't help you , Lestrade , " said Holmes . " The fact is that I knew this fellow Milverton , that I considered him one of the most dangerous men in London , and that I think there are certain crimes which the law cannot touch , and which therefore , to some extent , justify private revenge . No , it's no use arguing . I have made up my mind . My sympathies are with the criminals rather than with the victim , and I will not handle this case . "

Holmes had not said one word to me about the tragedy which we had witnessed , but I observed all the morning that he was in his most thoughtful mood , and he gave me the impression , from his vacant eyes and his abstracted manner , of a man who is striving to recall something to his memory . We were in the middle of our lunch , when he suddenly sprang to his feet . " By Jove , Watson , I've got it ! " he cried . " Take your hat ! Come with me ! " He hurried at his top speed down Baker Street and along Oxford Street , until we had almost reached Regent Circus . Here , on the left hand , there stands a shop window filled with photographs of the celebrities and beauties of the day . Holmes's eyes fixed themselves upon one of them , and following his gaze I saw the picture of a regal and stately lady in Court dress , with a high diamond tiara upon her noble head . I looked at that delicately curved nose , at the marked eyebrows , at the straight mouth , and the strong little chin beneath it . Then I caught my breath as I read the time-honoured title of the great nobleman and statesman whose wife she had been . My eyes met those of Holmes , and he put his finger to his lips as we turned away from the window .

Holmes had been seated for some hours in silence with his long , thin back curved over a chemical vessel in which he was brewing a particularly malodorous product . His head was sunk upon his breast , and he looked from my point of view like a strange , lank bird , with dull gray plumage and a black top-knot .

" So , Watson , " said he , suddenly , " you do not propose to invest in South African securities ? "

I gave a start of astonishment . Accustomed as I was to Holmes's curious faculties , this sudden intrusion into my most intimate thoughts was utterly inexplicable .

" How on earth do you know that ? " I asked .

He wheeled round upon his stool , with a steaming test-tube in his hand , and a gleam of amusement in his deep-set eyes .

" Now , Watson , confess yourself utterly taken aback , " said he .

" I am . "

" I ought to make you sign a paper to that effect . "

" Why ? "

" Because in five minutes you will say that it is all so absurdly simple . "

" I am sure that I shall say nothing of the kind . "

" You see , my dear Watson " -- he propped his test-tube in the rack , and began to lecture with the air of a professor addressing his class -- " it is not really difficult to construct a series of inferences , each dependent upon its predecessor and each simple in itself . If , after doing so , one simply knocks out all the central inferences and presents one's audience with the starting-point and the conclusion , one may produce a startling , though possibly a meretricious , effect . Now , it was not really difficult , by an inspection of the groove between your left forefinger and thumb , to feel sure that you did not propose to invest your small capital in the gold fields . "

" I see no connection . "

" Very likely not ; but I can quickly show you a close connection . Here are the missing links of the very simple chain : 1. You had chalk between your left finger and thumb when you returned from the club last night . 2. You put chalk there when you play billiards , to steady the cue . 3. You never play billiards except with Thurston . 4. You told me , four weeks ago , that Thurston had an option on some South African property which would expire in a month , and which he desired you to share with him . 5. Your check book is locked in my drawer , and you have not asked for the key . 6. You do not propose to invest your money in this manner . "

" How absurdly simple ! " I cried .

" Quite so ! " said he , a little nettled . " Every problem becomes very childish when once it is explained to you . Here is an unexplained one . See what you can make of that , friend Watson . " He tossed a sheet of paper upon the table , and turned once more to his chemical analysis .

I looked with amazement at the absurd hieroglyphics upon the paper .

" Why , Holmes , it is a child's drawing , " I cried .

" Oh , that's your idea ! "

" What else should it be ? "

" That is what Mr. Hilton Cubitt , of Riding Thorpe Manor , Norfolk , is very anxious to know . This little conundrum came by the first post , and he was to follow by the next train . There's a ring at the bell , Watson . I should not be very much surprised if this were he . "

A heavy step was heard upon the stairs , and an instant later there entered a tall , ruddy , clean-shaven gentleman , whose clear eyes and florid cheeks told of a life led far from the fogs of Baker Street . He seemed to bring a whiff of his strong , fresh , bracing , east-coast air with him as he entered . Having shaken hands with each of us , he was about to sit down , when his eye rested upon the paper with the curious markings , which I had just examined and left upon the table .

" Well , Mr. Holmes , what do you make of these ? " he cried . " They told me that you were fond of queer mysteries , and I don't think you can find a queerer one than that . I sent the paper on ahead , so that you might have time to study it before I came . "

" It is certainly rather a curious production , " said Holmes . " At first sight it would appear to be some childish prank . It consists of a number of absurd little figures dancing across the paper upon which they are drawn . Why should you attribute any importance to so grotesque an object ? "

" I never should , Mr. Holmes . But my wife does . It is frightening her to death . She says nothing , but I can see terror in her eyes . That's why I want to sift the matter to the bottom . "

Holmes held up the paper so that the sunlight shone full upon it . It was a page torn from a notebook . The markings were done in pencil , and ran in this way : illustration missing

Holmes examined it for some time , and then , folding it carefully up , he placed it in his pocketbook .

" This promises to be a most interesting and unusual case , " said he . " You gave me a few particulars in your letter , Mr. Hilton Cubitt , but I should be very much obliged if you would kindly go over it all again for the benefit of my friend , Dr. Watson . "

" I'm not much of a story-teller , " said our visitor , nervously clasping and unclasping his great , strong hands . " You'll just ask me anything that I don't make clear . I'll begin at the time of my marriage last year , but I want to say first of all that , though I'm not a rich man , my people have been at Riding Thorpe for a matter of five centuries , and there is no better known family in the County of Norfolk . Last year I came up to London for the Jubilee , and I stopped at a boardinghouse in Russell Square , because Parker , the vicar of our parish , was staying in it . There was an American young lady there -- Patrick was the name -- Elsie Patrick . In some way we became friends , until before my month was up I was as much in love as man could be . We were quietly married at a registry office , and we returned to Norfolk a wedded couple . You'll think it very mad , Mr. Holmes , that a man of a good old family should marry a wife in this fashion , knowing nothing of her past or of her people , but if you saw her and knew her , it would help you to understand .

" She was very straight about it , was Elsie . I can't say that she did not give me every chance of getting out of it if I wished to do so . ' I have had some very disagreeable associations in my life , ' said she , ' I wish to forget all about them . I would rather never allude to the past , for it is very painful to me . If you take me , Hilton , you will take a woman who has nothing that she need be personally ashamed of ; but you will have to be content with my word for it , and to allow me to be silent as to all that passed up to the time when I became yours . If these conditions are too hard , then go back to Norfolk , and leave me to the lonely life in which you found me . ' It was only the day before our wedding that she said those very words to me . I told her that I was content to take her on her own terms , and I have been as good as my word .

" Well , we have been married now for a year , and very happy we have been . But about a month ago , at the end of June , I saw for the first time signs of trouble . One day my wife received a letter from America . I saw the American stamp . She turned deadly white , read the letter , and threw it into the fire . She made no allusion to it afterwards , and I made none , for a promise is a promise , but she has never known an easy hour from that moment . There is always a look of fear upon her face -- a look as if she were waiting and expecting . She would do better to trust me . She would find that I was her best friend . But until she speaks , I can say nothing . Mind you , she is a truthful woman , Mr. Holmes , and whatever trouble there may have been in her past life it has been no fault of hers . I am only a simple Norfolk squire , but there is not a man in England who ranks his family honour more highly than I do . She knows it well , and she knew it well before she married me . She would never bring any stain upon it -- of that I am sure .

" Well , now I come to the queer part of my story . About a week ago -- it was the Tuesday of last week -- I found on one of the window-sills a number of absurd little dancing figures like these upon the paper . They were scrawled with chalk . I thought that it was the stable-boy who had drawn them , but the lad swore he knew nothing about it . Anyhow , they had come there during the night . I had them washed out , and I only mentioned the matter to my wife afterwards . To my surprise , she took it very seriously , and begged me if any more came to let her see them . None did come for a week , and then yesterday morning I found this paper lying on the sundial in the garden . I showed it to Elsie , and down she dropped in a dead faint . Since then she has looked like a woman in a dream , half dazed , and with terror always lurking in her eyes . It was then that I wrote and sent the paper to you , Mr. Holmes . It was not a thing that I could take to the police , for they would have laughed at me , but you will tell me what to do . I am not a rich man , but if there is any danger threatening my little woman , I would spend my last copper to shield her . "

He was a fine creature , this man of the old English soil -- simple , straight , and gentle , with his great , earnest blue eyes and broad , comely face . His love for his wife and his trust in her shone in his features . Holmes had listened to his story with the utmost attention , and now he sat for some time in silent thought .

" Don't you think , Mr. Cubitt , " said he , at last , " that your best plan would be to make a direct appeal to your wife , and to ask her to share her secret with you ? "

Hilton Cubitt shook his massive head .

" A promise is a promise , Mr. Holmes . If Elsie wished to tell me she would . If not , it is not for me to force her confidence . But I am justified in taking my own line -- and I will . "

" Then I will help you with all my heart . In the first place , have you heard of any strangers being seen in your neighbourhood ? "

" No . "

" I presume that it is a very quiet place . Any fresh face would cause comment ? "

" In the immediate neighbourhood , yes . But we have several small watering-places not very far away . And the farmers take in lodgers . "

" These hieroglyphics have evidently a meaning . If it is a purely arbitrary one , it may be impossible for us to solve it . If , on the other hand , it is systematic , I have no doubt that we shall get to the bottom of it . But this particular sample is so short that I can do nothing , and the facts which you have brought me are so indefinite that we have no basis for an investigation . I would suggest that you return to Norfolk , that you keep a keen lookout , and that you take an exact copy of any fresh dancing men which may appear . It is a thousand pities that we have not a reproduction of those which were done in chalk upon the window-sill . Make a discreet inquiry also as to any strangers in the neighbourhood . When you have collected some fresh evidence , come to me again . That is the best advice which I can give you , Mr. Hilton Cubitt . If there are any pressing fresh developments , I shall be always ready to run down and see you in your Norfolk home . "

The interview left Sherlock Holmes very thoughtful , and several times in the next few days I saw him take his slip of paper from his notebook and look long and earnestly at the curious figures inscribed upon it . He made no allusion to the affair , however , until one afternoon a fortnight or so later . I was going out when he called me back .

" You had better stay here , Watson . "

" Why ? "

" Because I had a wire from Hilton Cubitt this morning . You remember Hilton Cubitt , of the dancing men ? He was to reach Liverpool Street at one-twenty . He may be here at any moment . I gather from his wire that there have been some new incidents of importance . "

We had not long to wait , for our Norfolk squire came straight from the station as fast as a hansom could bring him . He was looking worried and depressed , with tired eyes and a lined forehead .

" It's getting on my nerves , this business , Mr. Holmes , " said he , as he sank , like a wearied man , into an armchair . " It's bad enough to feel that you are surrounded by unseen , unknown folk , who have some kind of design upon you , but when , in addition to that , you know that it is just killing your wife by inches , then it becomes as much as flesh and blood can endure . She's wearing away under it -- just wearing away before my eyes . "

" Has she said anything yet ? "

" No , Mr. Holmes , she has not . And yet there have been times when the poor girl has wanted to speak , and yet could not quite bring herself to take the plunge . I have tried to help her , but I daresay I did it clumsily , and scared her from it . She has spoken about my old family , and our reputation in the county , and our pride in our unsullied honour , and I always felt it was leading to the point , but somehow it turned off before we got there . "

" But you have found out something for yourself ? "

" A good deal , Mr. Holmes . I have several fresh dancing-men pictures for you to examine , and , what is more important , I have seen the fellow . "

" What , the man who draws them ? "

" Yes , I saw him at his work . But I will tell you everything in order . When I got back after my visit to you , the very first thing I saw next morning was a fresh crop of dancing men . They had been drawn in chalk upon the black wooden door of the tool-house , which stands beside the lawn in full view of the front windows . I took an exact copy , and here it is . " He unfolded a paper and laid it upon the table . Here is a copy of the hieroglyphics : illustration missing

" Excellent ! " said Holmes . " Excellent ! Pray continue . "

" When I had taken the copy , I rubbed out the marks , but , two mornings later , a fresh inscription had appeared . I have a copy of it here " : illustration missing

Holmes rubbed his hands and chuckled with delight .

" Our material is rapidly accumulating , " said he .

" Three days later a message was left scrawled upon paper , and placed under a pebble upon the sundial . Here it is . The characters are , as you see , exactly the same as the last one . After that I determined to lie in wait , so I got out my revolver and I sat up in my study , which overlooks the lawn and garden . About two in the morning I was seated by the window , all being dark save for the moonlight outside , when I heard steps behind me , and there was my wife in her dressing-gown . She implored me to come to bed . I told her frankly that I wished to see who it was who played such absurd tricks upon us . She answered that it was some senseless practical joke , and that I should not take any notice of it .

" ' If it really annoys you , Hilton , we might go and travel , you and I , and so avoid this nuisance . '

" ' What , be driven out of our own house by a practical joker ? ' said I . ' Why , we should have the whole county laughing at us . '

" ' Well , come to bed , ' said she , ' and we can discuss it in the morning . '

" Suddenly , as she spoke , I saw her white face grow whiter yet in the moonlight , and her hand tightened upon my shoulder . Something was moving in the shadow of the tool-house . I saw a dark , creeping figure which crawled round the corner and squatted in front of the door . Seizing my pistol , I was rushing out , when my wife threw her arms round me and held me with convulsive strength . I tried to throw her off , but she clung to me most desperately . At last I got clear , but by the time I had opened the door and reached the house the creature was gone . He had left a trace of his presence , however , for there on the door was the very same arrangement of dancing men which had already twice appeared , and which I have copied on that paper . There was no other sign of the fellow anywhere , though I ran all over the grounds . And yet the amazing thing is that he must have been there all the time , for when I examined the door again in the morning , he had scrawled some more of his pictures under the line which I had already seen . "

" Have you that fresh drawing ? "

" Yes , it is very short , but I made a copy of it , and here it is . "

Again he produced a paper . The new dance was in this form : illustration missing

" Tell me , " said Holmes -- and I could see by his eyes that he was much excited -- " was this a mere addition to the first or did it appear to be entirely separate ? "

" It was on a different panel of the door . "

" Excellent ! This is far the most important of all for our purpose . It fills me with hopes . Now , Mr. Hilton Cubitt , please continue your most interesting statement . "

" I have nothing more to say , Mr. Holmes , except that I was angry with my wife that night for having held me back when I might have caught the skulking rascal . She said that she feared that I might come to harm . For an instant it had crossed my mind that perhaps what she really feared was that he might come to harm , for I could not doubt that she knew who this man was , and what he meant by these strange signals . But there is a tone in my wife's voice , Mr. Holmes , and a look in her eyes which forbid doubt , and I am sure that it was indeed my own safety that was in her mind . There's the whole case , and now I want your advice as to what I ought to do . My own inclination is to put half a dozen of my farm lads in the shrubbery , and when this fellow comes again to give him such a hiding that he will leave us in peace for the future . "

" I fear it is too deep a case for such simple remedies , " said Holmes . " How long can you stay in London ? "

" I must go back today . I would not leave my wife alone all night for anything . She is very nervous , and begged me to come back . "

" I daresay you are right . But if you could have stopped . I might possibly have been able to return with you in a day or two . Meanwhile you will leave me these papers , and I think that it is very likely that I shall be able to pay you a visit shortly and to throw some light upon your case . "

Sherlock Holmes preserved his calm professional manner until our visitor had left us , although it was easy for me , who knew him so well , to see that he was profoundly excited . The moment that Hilton Cubitt's broad back had disappeared through the door my comrade rushed to the table , laid out all the slips of paper containing dancing men in front of him , and threw himself into an intricate and elaborate calculation . For two hours I watched him as he covered sheet after sheet of paper with figures and letters , so completely absorbed in his task that he had evidently forgotten my presence . Sometimes he was making progress and whistled and sang at his work ; sometimes he was puzzled , and would sit for long spells with a furrowed brow and a vacant eye . Finally he sprang from his chair with a cry of satisfaction , and walked up and down the room rubbing his hands together . Then he wrote a long telegram upon a cable form . " If my answer to this is as I hope , you will have a very pretty case to add to your collection , Watson , " said he . " I expect that we shall be able to go down to Norfolk tomorrow , and to take our friend some very definite news as to the secret of his annoyance . "

I confess that I was filled with curiosity , but I was aware that Holmes liked to make his disclosures at his own time and in his own way , so I waited until it should suit him to take me into his confidence .

But there was a delay in that answering telegram , and two days of impatience followed , during which Holmes pricked up his ears at every ring of the bell . On the evening of the second there came a letter from Hilton Cubitt . All was quiet with him , save that a long inscription had appeared that morning upon the pedestal of the sundial . He inclosed a copy of it , which is here reproduced : illustration missing

Holmes bent over this grotesque frieze for some minutes , and then suddenly sprang to his feet with an exclamation of surprise and dismay . His face was haggard with anxiety .

" We have let this affair go far enough , " said he . " Is there a train to North Walsham to-night ? "

I turned up the time-table . The last had just gone .

" Then we shall breakfast early and take the very first in the morning , " said Holmes . " Our presence is most urgently needed . Ah ! here is our expected cablegram . One moment , Mrs. Hudson , there may be an answer . No , that is quite as I expected . This message makes it even more essential that we should not lose an hour in letting Hilton Cubitt know how matters stand , for it is a singular and a dangerous web in which our simple Norfolk squire is entangled . "

So , indeed , it proved , and as I come to the dark conclusion of a story which had seemed to me to be only childish and bizarre , I experience once again the dismay and horror with which I was filled . Would that I had some brighter ending to communicate to my readers , but these are the chronicles of fact , and I must follow to their dark crisis the strange chain of events which for some days made Riding Thorpe Manor a household word through the length and breadth of England .

We had hardly alighted at North Walsham , and mentioned the name of our destination , when the stationmaster hurried towards us . " I suppose that you are the detectives from London ? " said he .

A look of annoyance passed over Holmes's face .

" What makes you think such a thing ? "

" Because Inspector Martin from Norwich has just passed through . But maybe you are the surgeons . She's not dead -- or wasn't by last accounts . You may be in time to save her yet -- though it be for the gallows . "

Holmes's brow was dark with anxiety .

" We are going to Riding Thorpe Manor , " said he , " but we have heard nothing of what has passed there . "

" It's a terrible business , " said the stationmaster . " They are shot , both Mr. Hilton Cubitt and his wife . She shot him and then herself -- so the servants say . He's dead and her life is despaired of . Dear , dear , one of the oldest families in the county of Norfolk , and one of the most honoured . "

Without a word Holmes hurried to a carriage , and during the long seven miles' drive he never opened his mouth . Seldom have I seen him so utterly despondent . He had been uneasy during all our journey from town , and I had observed that he had turned over the morning papers with anxious attention , but now this sudden realization of his worst fears left him in a blank melancholy . He leaned back in his seat , lost in gloomy speculation . Yet there was much around to interest us , for we were passing through as singular a countryside as any in England , where a few scattered cottages represented the population of to-day , while on every hand enormous square-towered churches bristled up from the flat green landscape and told of the glory and prosperity of old East Anglia . At last the violet rim of the German Ocean appeared over the green edge of the Norfolk coast , and the driver pointed with his whip to two old brick and timber gables which projected from a grove of trees . " That's Riding Thorpe Manor , " said he .

As we drove up to the porticoed front door , I observed in front of it , beside the tennis lawn , the black tool-house and the pedestalled sundial with which we had such strange associations . A dapper little man , with a quick , alert manner and a waxed moustache , had just descended from a high dog-cart . He introduced himself as Inspector Martin , of the Norfolk Constabulary and he was considerably astonished when he heard the name of my companion .

" Why , Mr. Holmes , the crime was only committed at three this morning . How could you hear of it in London and get to the spot as soon as I ? "

" I anticipated it . I came in the hope of preventing it . "

" Then you must have important evidence , of which we are ignorant , for they were said to be a most united couple . "

" I have only the evidence of the dancing men , " said Holmes . " I will explain the matter to you later . Meanwhile , since it is too late to prevent this tragedy , I am very anxious that I should use the knowledge which I possess in order to insure that justice be done . Will you associate me in your investigation , or will you prefer that I should act independently ? "

" I should be proud to feel that we were acting together , Mr. Holmes , " said the inspector , earnestly .

" In that case I should be glad to hear the evidence and to examine the premises without an instant of unnecessary delay . "

Inspector Martin had the good sense to allow my friend to do things in his own fashion , and contented himself with carefully noting the results . The local surgeon , an old , white-haired man , had just come down from Mrs. Hilton Cubitt's room , and he reported that her injuries were serious , but not necessarily fatal . The bullet had passed through the front of her brain , and it would probably be some time before she could regain consciousness . On the question of whether she had been shot or had shot herself , he would not venture to express any decided opinion . Certainly the bullet had been discharged at very close quarters . There was only the one pistol found in the room , two barrels of which had been emptied . Mr. Hilton Cubitt had been shot through the heart . It was equally conceivable that he had shot her and then himself , or that she had been the criminal , for the revolver lay upon the floor midway between them .

" Has he been moved ? " asked Holmes .

" We have moved nothing except the lady . We could not leave her lying wounded upon the floor . "

" How long have you been here , Doctor ? "

" Since four o'clock . "

" Anyone else ? "

" Yes , the constable here . "

" And you have touched nothing ? "

" Nothing . "

" You have acted with great discretion . Who sent for you ? "

" The housemaid , Saunders . "

" Was it she who gave the alarm ? "

" She and Mrs. King , the cook . "

" Where are they now ? "

" In the kitchen , I believe . "

" Then I think we had better hear their story at once . "

The old hall , oak-panelled and high-windowed , had been turned into a court of investigation . Holmes sat in a great , old-fashioned chair , his inexorable eyes gleaming out of his haggard face . I could read in them a set purpose to devote his life to this quest until the client whom he had failed to save should at last be avenged . The trim Inspector Martin , the old , gray-headed country doctor , myself , and a stolid village policeman made up the rest of that strange company .

The two women told their story clearly enough . They had been aroused from their sleep by the sound of an explosion , which had been followed a minute later by a second one . They slept in adjoining rooms , and Mrs. King had rushed in to Saunders . Together they had descended the stairs . The door of the study was open , and a candle was burning upon the table . Their master lay upon his face in the centre of the room . He was quite dead . Near the window his wife was crouching , her head leaning against the wall . She was horribly wounded , and the side of her face was red with blood . She breathed heavily , but was incapable of saying anything . The passage , as well as the room , was full of smoke and the smell of powder . The window was certainly shut and fastened upon the inside . Both women were positive upon the point . They had at once sent for the doctor and for the constable . Then , with the aid of the groom and the stable-boy , they had conveyed their injured mistress to her room . Both she and her husband had occupied the bed . She was clad in her dress -- he in his dressing-gown , over his night-clothes . Nothing had been moved in the study . So far as they knew , there had never been any quarrel between husband and wife . They had always looked upon them as a very united couple .

These were the main points of the servants' evidence . In answer to Inspector Martin , they were clear that every door was fastened upon the inside , and that no one could have escaped from the house . In answer to Holmes , they both remembered that they were conscious of the smell of powder from the moment that they ran out of their rooms upon the top floor . " I commend that fact very carefully to your attention . " said Holmes to his professional colleague . " And now I think that we are in a position to undertake a thorough examination of the room . "

The study proved to be a small chamber , lined on three sides with books , and with a writing-table facing an ordinary window , which looked out upon the garden . Our first attention was given to the body of the unfortunate squire , whose huge frame lay stretched across the room . His disordered dress showed that he had been hastily aroused from sleep . The bullet had been fired at him from the front , and had remained in his body , after penetrating the heart . His death had certainly been instantaneous and painless . There was no powder-marking either upon his dressing-gown or on his hands . According to the country surgeon , the lady had stains upon her face , but none upon her hand .

" The absence of the latter means nothing , though its presence may mean everything , " said Holmes . " Unless the powder from a badly fitting cartridge happens to spurt backward , one may fire many shots without leaving a sign . I would suggest that Mr. Cubitt's body may now be removed . I suppose , Doctor , you have not recovered the bullet which wounded the lady ? "

" A serious operation will be necessary before that can be done . But there are still four cartridges in the revolver . Two have been fired and two wounds inflicted , so that each bullet can be accounted for . "

" So it would seem , " said Holmes . " Perhaps you can account also for the bullet which has so obviously struck the edge of the window ? "

He had turned suddenly , and his long , thin finger was pointing to a hole which had been drilled right through the lower window-sash , about an inch above the bottom .

" By George ! " cried the inspector . " How ever did you see that ? "

" Because I looked for it . "

" Wonderful ! " said the country doctor . " You are certainly right , sir . Then a third shot has been fired , and therefore a third person must have been present . But who could that have been , and how could he have got away ? "

" That is the problem which we are now about to solve , " said Sherlock Holmes . " You remember , Inspector Martin , when the servants said that on leaving their room they were at once conscious of a smell of powder , I remarked that the point was an extremely important one ? "

" Yes , sir ; but I confess I did not quite follow you . "

" It suggested that at the time of the firing , the window as well as the door of the room had been open . Otherwise the fumes of powder could not have been blown so rapidly through the house . A draught in the room was necessary for that . Both door and window were only open for a very short time , however . "

" How do you prove that ? "

" Because the candle was not guttered . "

" Capital ! " cried the inspector . " Capital ! "

" Feeling sure that the window had been open at the time of the tragedy , I conceived that there might have been a third person in the affair , who stood outside this opening and fired through it . Any shot directed at this person might hit the sash . I looked , and there , sure enough , was the bullet mark ! "

" But how came the window to be shut and fastened ? "

" The woman's first instinct would be to shut and fasten the window . But , halloa ! what is this ? "

It was a lady's hand-bag which stood upon the study table -- a trim little handbag of crocodile-skin and silver . Holmes opened it and turned the contents out . There were twenty fifty-pound notes of the Bank of England , held together by an india-rubber band -- nothing else .

" This must be preserved , for it will figure in the trial , " said Holmes , as he handed the bag with its contents to the inspector . " It is now necessary that we should try to throw some light upon this third bullet , which has clearly , from the splintering of the wood , been fired from inside the room . I should like to see Mrs. King , the cook , again . You said , Mrs. King , that you were awakened by a loud explosion . When you said that , did you mean that it seemed to you to be louder than the second one ? "

" Well , sir , it wakened me from my sleep , so it is hard to judge . But it did seem very loud . "

" You don't think that it might have been two shots fired almost at the same instant ? "

" I am sure I couldn't say , sir . "

" I believe that it was undoubtedly so . I rather think , Inspector Martin , that we have now exhausted all that this room can teach us . If you will kindly step round with me , we shall see what fresh evidence the garden has to offer . "

A flower-bed extended up to the study window , and we all broke into an exclamation as we approached it . The flowers were trampled down , and the soft soil was imprinted all over with footmarks . Large , masculine feet they were , with peculiarly long , sharp toes . Holmes hunted about among the grass and leaves like a retriever after a wounded bird . Then , with a cry of satisfaction , he bent forward and picked up a little brazen cylinder .

" I thought so , " said he ; " the revolver had an ejector , and here is the third cartridge . I really think , Inspector Martin , that our case is almost complete . "

The country inspector's face had shown his intense amazement at the rapid and masterful progress of Holmes's investigation . At first he had shown some disposition to assert his own position , but now he was overcome with admiration , and ready to follow without question wherever Holmes led .

" Whom do you suspect ? " he asked .

" I'll go into that later . There are several points in this problem which I have not been able to explain to you yet . Now that I have got so far , I had best proceed on my own lines , and then clear the whole matter up once and for all . "

" Just as you wish , Mr. Holmes , so long as we get our man . "

" I have no desire to make mysteries , but it is impossible at the moment of action to enter into long and complex explanations . I have the threads of this affair all in my hand . Even if this lady should never recover consciousness , we can still reconstruct the events of last night , and insure that justice be done . First of all , I wish to know whether there is any inn in this neighbourhood known as ' Elrige's ' ? "

The servants were cross-questioned , but none of them had heard of such a place . The stable-boy threw a light upon the matter by remembering that a farmer of that name lived some miles off , in the direction of East Ruston .

" Is it a lonely farm ? "

" Very lonely , sir . "

" Perhaps they have not heard yet of all that happened here during the night ? "

" Maybe not , sir . "

Holmes thought for a little , and then a curious smile played over his face .

" Saddle a horse , my lad , " said he . " I shall wish you to take a note to Elrige's Farm . "

He took from his pocket the various slips of the dancing men . With these in front of him he worked for some time at the study-table . Finally he handed a note to the boy , with directions to put it into the hands of the person to whom it was addressed , and especially to answer no questions of any sort which might be put to him . I saw the outside of the note , addressed in straggling , irregular characters , very unlike Holmes's usual precise hand . It was consigned to Mr. Abe Slaney , Elrige's Farm , East Ruston , Norfolk .

" I think , Inspector , " Holmes remarked , " that you would do well to telegraph for an escort , as , if my calculations prove to be correct , you may have a particularly dangerous prisoner to convey to the county jail . The boy who takes this note could no doubt forward your telegram . If there is an afternoon train to town , Watson , I think we should do well to take it , as I have a chemical analysis of some interest to finish , and this investigation draws rapidly to a close . "

When the youth had been dispatched with the note , Sherlock Holmes gave his instructions to the servants . If any visitor were to call asking for Mrs. Hilton Cubitt , no information should be given as to her condition , but he was to be shown at once into the drawing-room . He impressed these points upon them with the utmost earnestness . Finally he led the way into the drawing-room , with the remark that the business was now out of our hands , and that we must while away the time as best we might until we could see what was in store for us . The doctor had departed to his patients and only the inspector and myself remained .

" I think that I can help you to pass an hour in an interesting and profitable manner , " said Holmes , drawing his chair up to the table , and spreading out in front of him the various papers upon which were recorded the antics of the dancing men . " As to you , friend Watson , I owe you every atonement for having allowed your natural curiosity to remain so long unsatisfied . To you , Inspector , the whole incident may appeal as a remarkable professional study . I must tell you , first of all , the interesting circumstances connected with the previous consultations which Mr. Hilton Cubitt has had with me in Baker Street . " He then shortly recapitulated the facts which have already been recorded . " I have here in front of me these singular productions , at which one might smile , had they not proved themselves to be the forerunners of so terrible a tragedy . I am fairly familiar with all forms of secret writings , and am myself the author of a trifling monograph upon the subject , in which I analyze one hundred and sixty separate ciphers , but I confess that this is entirely new to me . The object of those who invented the system has apparently been to conceal that these characters convey a message , and to give the idea that they are the mere random sketches of children .

" Having once recognized , however , that the symbols stood for letters , and having applied the rules which guide us in all forms of secret writings , the solution was easy enough . The first message submitted to me was so short that it was impossible for me to do more than to say , with some confidence , that the symbol ~ stood for E . As you are aware , E is the most common letter in the English alphabet , and it predominates to so marked an extent that even in a short sentence one would expect to find it most often . Out of fifteen symbols in the first message , four were the same , so it was reasonable to set this down as E . It is true that in some cases the figure was bearing a flag , and in some cases not , but it was probable , from the way in which the flags were distributed , that they were used to break the sentence up into words . I accepted this as a hypothesis , and noted that E was represented by ~ .

" But now came the real difficulty of the inquiry . The order of the English letters after E is by no means well marked , and any preponderance which may be shown in an average of a printed sheet may be reversed in a single short sentence . Speaking roughly , T , A , 0 , I , N , S , H , R , D , and L are the numerical order in which letters occur ; but T , A , 0 , and I are very nearly abreast of each other , and it would be an endless task to try each combination until a meaning was arrived at . I therefore waited for fresh material . In my second interview with Mr. Hilton Cubitt he was able to give me two other short sentences and one message , which appeared -- since there was no flag -- to be a single word . Here are the symbols . Now , in the single word I have already got the two E's coming second and fourth in a word of five letters . It might be ' sever , ' or ' lever , ' or ' never . ' There can be no question that the latter as a reply to an appeal is far the most probable , and the circumstances pointed to its being a reply written by the lady . Accepting it as correct , we are now able to say that the symbols ~ ~ ~ stand respectively for N , V , and R .

" Even now I was in considerable difficulty , but a happy thought put me in possession of several other letters . It occurred to me that if these appeals came , as I expected , from someone who had been intimate with the lady in her early life , a combination which contained two E's with three letters between might very well stand for the name ' ELSIE . ' On examination I found that such a combination formed the termination of the message which was three times repeated . It was certainly some appeal to ' Elsie . ' In this way I had got my L , S , and I . But what appeal could it be ? There were only four letters in the word which preceded ' Elsie , ' and it ended in E . Surely the word must be ' COME . ' I tried all other four letters ending in E , but could find none to fit the case . So now I was in possession of C , 0 , and M , and I was in a position to attack the first message once more , dividing it into words and putting dots for each symbol which was still unknown . So treated , it worked out in this fashion :

. M . ERE . . E SL . NE .

" Now the first letter can only be A , which is a most useful discovery , since it occurs no fewer than three times in this short sentence , and the H is also apparent in the second word . Now it becomes :

AM HERE A . E SLANE .

Or , filling in the obvious vacancies in the name :

AM HERE ABE SLANEY .

I had so many letters now that I could proceed with considerable confidence to the second message , which worked out in this fashion :

A . ELRI . ES

Here I could only make sense by putting T and G for the missing letters , and supposing that the name was that of some house or inn at which the writer was staying . "

Inspector Martin and I had listened with the utmost interest to the full and clear account of how my friend had produced results which had led to so complete a command over our difficulties .

" What did you do then , sir ? " asked the inspector .

" I had every reason to suppose that this Abe Slaney was an American , since Abe is an American contraction , and since a letter from America had been the starting-point of all the trouble . I had also every cause to think that there was some criminal secret in the matter . The lady's allusions to her past , and her refusal to take her husband into her confidence , both pointed in that direction . I therefore cabled to my friend , Wilson Hargreave , of the New York Police Bureau , who has more than once made use of my knowledge of London crime . I asked him whether the name of Abe Slaney was known to him . Here is his reply : ' The most dangerous crook in Chicago . ' On the very evening upon which I had his answer , Hilton Cubitt sent me the last message from Slaney . Working with known letters , it took this form :

ELSIE . RE . ARE TO MEET THY GO .

The addition of a P and a D completed a message which showed me that the rascal was proceeding from persuasion to threats , and my knowledge of the crooks of Chicago prepared me to find that he might very rapidly put his words into action . I at once came to Norfolk with my friend and colleague , Dr. Watson , but , unhappily , only in time to find that the worst had already occurred . "

" It is a privilege to be associated with you in the handling of a case , " said the inspector , warmly . " You will excuse me , however , if I speak frankly to you . You are only answerable to yourself , but I have to answer to my superiors . If this Abe Slaney , living at Elrige's , is indeed the murderer , and if he has made his escape while I am seated here , I should certainly get into serious trouble . "

" You need not be uneasy . He will not try to escape . "

" How do you know ? "

" To fly would be a confession of guilt . "

" Then let us go to arrest him . "

" I expect him here every instant . "

" But why should he come ? "

" Because I have written and asked him . "

" But this is incredible , Mr. Holmes ! Why should he come because you have asked him ? Would not such a request rather rouse his suspicions and cause him to fly ? "

" I think I have known how to frame the letter , " said Sherlock Holmes . " In fact , if I am not very much mistaken , here is the gentleman himself coming up the drive . "

A man was striding up the path which led to the door . He was a tall , handsome , swarthy fellow , clad in a suit of gray flannel , with a Panama hat , a bristling black beard , and a great , aggressive hooked nose , and flourishing a cane as he walked . He swaggered up the path as if the place belonged to him , and we heard his loud , confident peal at the bell .

" I think , gentlemen , " said Holmes , quietly , " that we had best take up our position behind the door . Every precaution is necessary when dealing with such a fellow . You will need your handcuffs , Inspector . You can leave the talking to me . "

We waited in silence for a minute -- one of those minutes which one can never forget . Then the door opened and the man stepped in . In an instant Holmes clapped a pistol to his head , and Martin slipped the handcuffs over his wrists . It was all done so swiftly and deftly that the fellow was helpless before he knew that he was attacked . He glared from one to the other of us with a pair of blazing black eyes . Then he burst into a bitter laugh .

" Well , gentlemen , you have the drop on me this time . I seem to have knocked up against something hard . But I came here in answer to a letter from Mrs. Hilton Cubitt . Don't tell me that she is in this ? Don't tell me that she helped to set a trap for me ? "

" Mrs. Hilton Cubitt was seriously injured , and is at death's door . "

The man gave a hoarse cry of grief , which rang through the house .

" You're crazy ! " he cried , fiercely . " It was he that was hurt , not she . Who would have hurt little Elsie ? I may have threatened her -- God forgive me ! -- but I would not have touched a hair of her pretty head . Take it back -- you ! Say that she is not hurt ! "

" She was found , badly wounded , by the side of her dead husband . "

He sank with a deep groan on to the settee , and buried his face in his manacled hands . For five minutes he was silent . Then he raised his face once more , and spoke with the cold composure of despair .

" I have nothing to hide from you , gentlemen , " said he . " If I shot the man he had his shot at me , and there's no murder in that . But if you think I could have hurt that woman , then you don't know either me or her . I tell you , there was never a man in this world loved a woman more than I loved her . I had a right to her . She was pledged to me years ago . Who was this Englishman that he should come between us ? I tell you that I had the first right to her , and that I was only claiming my own . "

" She broke away from your influence when she found the man that you are , " said Holmes , sternly . " She fled from America to avoid you , and she married an honourable gentleman in England . You dogged her and followed her and made her life a misery to her , in order to induce her to abandon the husband whom she loved and respected in order to fly with you , whom she feared and hated . You have ended by bringing about the death of a noble man and driving his wife to suicide . That is your record in this business , Mr. Abe Slaney , and you will answer for it to the law .

" If Elsie dies , I care nothing what becomes of me , " said the American . He opened one of his hands , and looked at a note crumpled up in his palm . " See here , mister , " he cried , with a gleam of suspicion in his eyes , " you're not trying to scare me over this , are you ? If the lady is hurt as bad as you say , who was it that wrote this note ? " He tossed it forward on to the table .

" I wrote it , to bring you here . "

" You wrote it ? There was no one on earth outside the Joint who knew the secret of the dancing men . How came you to write it ? "

" What one man can invent another can discover , " said Holmes . " There is a cab coming to convey you to Norwich , Mr. Slaney . But , meanwhile , you have time to make some small reparation for the injury you have wrought . Are you aware that Mrs. Hilton Cubitt has herself lain under grave suspicion of the murder of her husband , and that it was only my presence here , and the knowledge which I happened to possess , which has saved her from the accusation ? The least that you owe her is to make it clear to the whole world that she was in no way , directly or indirectly , responsible for his tragic end . "

" I ask nothing better , " said the American . " I guess the very best case I can make for myself is the absolute naked truth . "

" It is my duty to warn you that it will be used against you , " cried the inspector , with the magnificent fair play of the British criminal law .

Slaney shrugged his shoulders .

" I'll chance that , " said he . " First of all , I want you gentlemen to understand that I have known this lady since she was a child . There were seven of us in a gang in Chicago , and Elsie's father was the boss of the Joint . He was a clever man , was old Patrick . It was he who invented that writing , which would pass as a child's scrawl unless you just happened to have the key to it . Well Elsie learned some of our ways , but she couldn't stand the business , and she had a bit of honest money of her own , so she gave us all the slip and got away to London . She had been engaged to me , and she would have married me , I believe , if I had taken over another profession , but she would have nothing to do with anything on the cross . It was only after her marriage to this Englishman that I was able to find out where she was . I wrote to her , but got no answer . After that I came over , and , as letters were no use , I put my messages where she could read them .

" Well , I have been here a month now . I lived in that farm , where I had a room down below , and could get in and out every night , and no one the wiser . I tried all I could to coax Elsie away . I knew that she read the messages , for once she wrote an answer under one of them . Then my temper got the better of me , and I began to threaten her . She sent me a letter then , imploring me to go away , and saying that it would break her heart if any scandal should come upon her husband . She said that she would come down when her husband was asleep at three in the morning , and speak with me through the end window , if I would go away afterwards and leave her in peace . She came down and brought money with her , trying to bribe me to go . This made me mad and I caught her arm and tried to pull her through the window . At that moment in rushed the husband with his revolver in his hand . Elsie had sunk down upon the floor , and we were face to face . I was heeled also , and I held up my gun to scare him off and let me get away . He fired and missed me . I pulled off almost at the same instant , and down he dropped . I made away across the garden , and as I went I heard the window shut behind me . That's God's truth , gentlemen , every word of it : and I heard no more about it until that lad came riding up with a note which made me walk in here , like a jay , and give myself into your hands . "

A cab had driven up whilst the American had been talking . Two uniformed policemen sat inside . Inspector Martin rose and touched his prisoner on the shoulder .

" It is time for us to go . "

" Can I see her first ? "

" No , she is not conscious . Mr. Sherlock Holmes . I only hope that , if ever again I have an important case , I shall have the good fortune to have you by my side . "

We stood at the window and watched the cab drive away . As I turned back , my eye caught the pellet of paper which the prisoner had tossed upon the table . It was the note with which Holmes had decoyed him .

" See if you can read it , Watson , " said he , with a smile .

It contained no word , but this little line of dancing men : illustration missing

" If you use the code which I have explained , " said Holmes , " you will find that it simply means ' Come here at once . ' I was convinced that it was an invitation which he would not refuse , since he could never imagine that it could come from anyone but the lady . And so , my dear Watson , we have ended by turning the dancing men to good when they have so often been the agents of evil , and I think that I have fulfilled my promise of giving you something unusual for your notebook . Three-forty is our train , and I fancy we should be back in Baker Street for dinner . "

Only one word of epilogue . The American , Abe Slaney , was condemned to death at the winter assizes at Norwich , but his penalty was changed to penal servitude in consideration of mitigating circumstances , and the certainty that Hilton Cubitt had fired the first shot . Of Mrs. Hilton Cubitt I only know that I have heard she recovered entirely , and that she still remains a widow , devoting her whole life to the care of the poor and to the administration of her husband's estate .

It was in the spring of the year 1894 that all London was interested , and the fashionable world dismayed , by the murder of the Honourable Ronald Adair under most unusual and inexplicable circumstances . The public has already learned those particulars of the crime which came out in the police investigation , but a good deal was suppressed upon that occasion , since the case for the prosecution was so overwhelmingly strong that it was not necessary to bring forward all the facts . Only now , at the end of nearly ten years , am I allowed to supply those missing links which make up the whole of that remarkable chain . The crime was of interest in itself , but that interest was as nothing to me compared to the inconceivable sequel , which afforded me the greatest shock and surprise of any event in my adventurous life . Even now , after this long interval , I find myself thrilling as I think of it , and feeling once more that sudden flood of joy , amazement , and incredulity which utterly submerged my mind . Let me say to that public , which has shown some interest in those glimpses which I have occasionally given them of the thoughts and actions of a very remarkable man , that they are not to blame me if I have not shared my knowledge with them , for I should have considered it my first duty to do so , had I not been barred by a positive prohibition from his own lips , which was only withdrawn upon the third of last month .

It can be imagined that my close intimacy with Sherlock Holmes had interested me deeply in crime , and that after his disappearance I never failed to read with care the various problems which came before the public . And I even attempted , more than once , for my own private satisfaction , to employ his methods in their solution , though with indifferent success . There was none , however , which appealed to me like this tragedy of Ronald Adair . As I read the evidence at the inquest , which led up to a verdict of wilful murder against some person or persons unknown , I realized more clearly than I had ever done the loss which the community had sustained by the death of Sherlock Holmes . There were points about this strange business which would , I was sure , have specially appealed to him , and the efforts of the police would have been supplemented , or more probably anticipated , by the trained observation and the alert mind of the first criminal agent in Europe . All day , as I drove upon my round , I turned over the case in my mind and found no explanation which appeared to me to be adequate . At the risk of telling a twice-told tale . I will recapitulate the facts as they were known to the public at the conclusion of the inquest .

The Honourable Ronald Adair was the second son of the Earl of Maynooth , at that time governor of one of the Australian colonies . Adair's mother had returned from Australia to undergo the operation for cataract , and she , her son Ronald , and her daughter Hilda were living together at 427 Park Lane . The youth moved in the best society -- had , so far as was known , no enemies and no particular vices . He had been engaged to Miss Edith Woodley , of Carstairs , but the engagement had been broken off by mutual consent some months before , and there was no sign that it had left any very profound feeling behind it . For the rest of the man's life moved in a narrow and conventional circle , for his habits were quiet and his nature unemotional . Yet it was upon this easy-going young aristocrat that death came , in most strange and unexpected form , between the hours of ten and eleven-twenty on the night of March 30 , 1894 .

Ronald Adair was fond of cards -- playing continually , but never for such stakes as would hurt him . He was a member of the Baldwin , the Cavendish , and the Bagatelle card clubs . It was shown that , after dinner on the day of his death , he had played a rubber of whist at the latter club . He had also played there in the afternoon . The evidence of those who had played with him -- Mr. Murray , Sir John Hardy , and Colonel Moran -- showed that the game was whist , and that there was a fairly equal fall of the cards . Adair might have lost five pounds , but not more . His fortune was a considerable one , and such a loss could not in any way affect him . He had played nearly every day at one club or other , but he was a cautious player , and usually rose a winner . It came out in evidence that , in partnership with Colonel Moran , he had actually won as much as four hundred and twenty pounds in a sitting , some weeks before , from Godfrey Milner and Lord Balmoral . So much for his recent history as it came out at the inquest .

On the evening of the crime , he returned from the club exactly at ten . His mother and sister were out spending the evening with a relation . The servant deposed that she heard him enter the front room on the second floor , generally used as his sitting-room . She had lit a fire there , and as it smoked she had opened the window . No sound was heard from the room until eleven-twenty , the hour of the return of Lady Maynooth and her daughter . Desiring to say good-night , she attempted to enter her son's room . The door was locked on the inside , and no answer could be got to their cries and knocking . Help was obtained , and the door forced . The unfortunate young man was found lying near the table . His head had been horribly mutilated by an expanding revolver bullet , but no weapon of any sort was to be found in the room . On the table lay two banknotes for ten pounds each and seventeen pounds ten in silver and gold , the money arranged in little piles of varying amount . There were some figures also upon a sheet of paper , with the names of some club friends opposite to them , from which it was conjectured that before his death he was endeavouring to make out his losses or winnings at cards .

A minute examination of the circumstances served only to make the case more complex . In the first place , no reason could be given why the young man should have fastened the door upon the inside . There was the possibility that the murderer had done this , and had afterwards escaped by the window . The drop was at least twenty feet , however , and a bed of crocuses in full bloom lay beneath . Neither the flowers nor the earth showed any sign of having been disturbed , nor were there any marks upon the narrow strip of grass which separated the house from the road . Apparently , therefore , it was the young man himself who had fastened the door . But how did he come by his death ? No one could have climbed up to the window without leaving traces . Suppose a man had fired through the window , he would indeed be a remarkable shot who could with a revolver inflict so deadly a wound . Again , Park Lane is a frequented thoroughfare ; there is a cab stand within a hundred yards of the house . No one had heard a shot . And yet there was the dead man , and there the revolver bullet , which had mushroomed out , as soft-nosed bullets will , and so inflicted a wound which must have caused instantaneous death . Such were the circumstances of the Park Lane Mystery , which were further complicated by entire absence of motive , since , as I have said , young Adair was not known to have any enemy , and no attempt had been made to remove the money or valuables in the room .

All day I turned these facts over in my mind , endeavouring to hit some theory which could reconcile them all , and to find that line of least resistance which my poor friend had declared to be the starting-point of every investigation . I confess that I made little progress . In the evening I strolled across the Park , and found myself about six o'clock at the Oxford Street end of Park Lane . A group of loafers upon the pavements , all staring up at a particular window , directed me to the house which I had come to see . A tall , thin man with coloured glasses , whom I strongly suspected of being a plain-clothes detective , was pointing out some theory of his own , while the others crowded round to listen to what he said . I got as near him as I could , but his observations seemed to me to be absurd , so I withdrew again in some disgust . As I did so I struck against an elderly , deformed man , who had been behind me , and I knocked down several books which he was carrying . I remember that as I picked them up , I observed the title of one of them , The Origin of Tree Worship , and it struck me that the fellow must be some poor bibliophile , who , either as a trade or as a hobby , was a collector of obscure volumes . I endeavoured to apologize for the accident , but it was evident that these books which I had so unfortunately maltreated were very precious objects in the eyes of their owner . With a snarl of contempt he turned upon his heel , and I saw his curved back and white side-whiskers disappear among the throng .

My observations of No. 427 Park Lane did little to clear up the problem in which I was interested . The house was separated from the street by a low wall and railing , the whole not more than five feet high . It was perfectly easy , therefore , for anyone to get into the garden , but the window was entirely inaccessible , since there was no waterpipe or anything which could help the most active man to climb it . More puzzled than ever , I retraced my steps to Kensington . I had not been in my study five minutes when the maid entered to say that a person desired to see me . To my astonishment it was none other than my strange old book collector , his sharp , wizened face peering out from a frame of white hair , and his precious volumes , a dozen of them at least , wedged under his right arm .

" You're surprised to see me , sir , " said he , in a strange , croaking voice .

I acknowledged that I was .

" Well , I've a conscience , sir , and when I chanced to see you go into this house , as I came hobbling after you , I thought to myself , I'll just step in and see that kind gentleman , and tell him that if I was a bit gruff in my manner there was not any harm meant , and that I am much obliged to him for picking up my books . "

" You make too much of a trifle , " said I . " May I ask how you knew who I was ? "

" Well , sir , if it isn't too great a liberty , I am a neighbour of yours , for you'll find my little bookshop at the corner of Church Street , and very happy to see you , I am sure . Maybe you collect yourself , sir . Here's British Birds , and Catullus , and The Holy War -- a bargain , every one of them . With five volumes you could just fill that gap on that second shelf . It looks untidy , does it not , sir ? "

I moved my head to look at the cabinet behind me . When I turned again , Sherlock Holmes was standing smiling at me across my study table . I rose to my feet , stared at him for some seconds in utter amazement , and then it appears that I must have fainted for the first and the last time in my life . Certainly a gray mist swirled before my eyes , and when it cleared I found my collar-ends undone and the tingling after-taste of brandy upon my lips . Holmes was bending over my chair , his flask in his hand .

" My dear Watson , " said the well-remembered voice , " I owe you a thousand apologies . I had no idea that you would be so affected . "

I gripped him by the arms .

" Holmes ! " I cried . " Is it really you ? Can it indeed be that you are alive ? Is it possible that you succeeded in climbing out of that awful abyss ? "

" Wait a moment , " said he . " Are you sure that you are really fit to discuss things ? I have given you a serious shock by my unnecessarily dramatic reappearance . "

" I am all right , but indeed , Holmes , I can hardly believe my eyes . Good heavens ! to think that you -- you of all men -- should be standing in my study . " Again I gripped him by the sleeve , and felt the thin , sinewy arm beneath it . " Well , you're not a spirit , anyhow , " said I . " My dear chap , I'm overjoyed to see you . Sit down , and tell me how you came alive out of that dreadful chasm . "

He sat opposite to me , and lit a cigarette in his old , nonchalant manner . He was dressed in the seedy frockcoat of the book merchant , but the rest of that individual lay in a pile of white hair and old books upon the table . Holmes looked even thinner and keener than of old , but there was a dead-white tinge in his aquiline face which told me that his life recently had not been a healthy one .

" I am glad to stretch myself , Watson , " said he . " It is no joke when a tall man has to take a foot off his stature for several hours on end . Now , my dear fellow , in the matter of these explanations , we have , if I may ask for your cooperation , a hard and dangerous night's work in front of us . Perhaps it would be better if I gave you an account of the whole situation when that work is finished . "

" I am full of curiosity . I should much prefer to hear now . "

" You'll come with me to-night ? "

" When you like and where you like . "

" This is , indeed , like the old days . We shall have time for a mouthful of dinner before we need go . Well , then , about that chasm . I had no serious difficulty in getting out of it , for the very simple reason that I never was in it . "

" You never were in it ? "

" No , Watson , I never was in it . My note to you was absolutely genuine . I had little doubt that I had come to the end of my career when I perceived the somewhat sinister figure of the late Professor Moriarty standing upon the narrow pathway which led to safety . I read an inexorable purpose in his gray eyes . I exchanged some remarks with him , therefore , and obtained his courteous permission to write the short note which you afterwards received . I left it with my cigarette-box and my stick , and I walked along the pathway , Moriarty still at my heels . When I reached the end I stood at bay . He drew no weapon , but he rushed at me and threw his long arms around me . He knew that his own game was up , and was only anxious to revenge himself upon me . We tottered together upon the brink of the fall . I have some knowledge , however , of baritsu , or the Japanese system of wrestling , which has more than once been very useful to me . I slipped through his grip , and he with a horrible scream kicked madly for a few seconds , and clawed the air with both his hands . But for all his efforts he could not get his balance , and over he went . With my face over the brink , I saw him fall for a long way . Then he struck a rock , bounded off , and splashed into the water . "

I listened with amazement to this explanation , which Holmes delivered between the puffs of his cigarette .

" But the tracks ! " I cried . " I saw , with my own eyes , that two went down the path and none returned . "

" It came about in this way . The instant that the Professor had disappeared , it struck me what a really extraordinarily lucky chance Fate had placed in my way . I knew that Moriarty was not the only man who had sworn my death . There were at least three others whose desire for vengeance upon me would only be increased by the death of their leader . They were all most dangerous men . One or other would certainly get me . On the other hand , if all the world was convinced that I was dead they would take liberties , these men , they would soon lay themselves open , and sooner or later I could destroy them . Then it would be time for me to announce that I was still in the land of the living . So rapidly does the brain act that I believe I had thought this all out before Professor Moriarty had reached the bottom of the Reichenbach Fall .

" I stood up and examined the rocky wall behind me . In your picturesque account of the matter , which I read with great interest some months later , you assert that the wall was sheer . That was not literally true . A few small footholds presented themselves , and there was some indication of a ledge . The cliff is so high that to climb it all was an obvious impossibility , and it was equally impossible to make my way along the wet path without leaving some tracks . I might , it is true , have reversed my boots , as I have done on similar occasions , but the sight of three sets of tracks in one direction would certainly have suggested a deception . On the whole , then , it was best that I should risk the climb . It was not a pleasant business , Watson . The fall roared beneath me . I am not a fanciful person , but I give you my word that I seemed to hear Moriarty's voice screaming at me out of the abyss . A mistake would have been fatal . More than once , as tufts of grass came out in my hand or my foot slipped in the wet notches of the rock , I thought that I was gone . But I struggled upward , and at last I reached a ledge several feet deep and covered with soft green moss , where I could lie unseen , in the most perfect comfort . There I was stretched , when you , my dear Watson , and all your following were investigating in the most sympathetic and inefficient manner the circumstances of my death .

" At last , when you had all formed your inevitable and totally erroneous conclusions , you departed for the hotel , and I was left alone . I had imagined that I had reached the end of my adventures , but a very unexpected occurrence showed me that there were surprises still in store for me . A huge rock , falling from above , boomed past me , struck the path , and bounded over into the chasm . For an instant I thought that it was an accident , but a moment later , looking up , I saw a man's head against the darkening sky , and another stone struck the very ledge upon which I was stretched , within a foot of my head . Of course , the meaning of this was obvious . Moriarty had not been alone . A confederate -- and even that one glance had told me how dangerous a man that confederate was -- had kept guard while the Professor had attacked me . From a distance , unseen by me , he had been a witness of his friend's death and of my escape . He had waited , and then making his way round to the top of the cliff , he had endeavoured to succeed where his comrade had failed .

" I did not take long to think about it , Watson . Again I saw that grim face look over the cliff , and I knew that it was the precursor of another stone . I scrambled down on to the path . I don't think I could have done it in cold blood . It was a hundred times more difficult than getting up . But I had no time to think of the danger , for another stone sang past me as I hung by my hands from the edge of the ledge . Halfway down I slipped , but , by the blessing of God , I landed , torn and bleeding , upon the path . I took to my heels , did ten miles over the mountains in the darkness , and a week later I found myself in Florence , with the certainty that no one in the world knew what had become of me .

" I had only one confidant -- my brother Mycroft . I owe you many apologies , my dear Watson , but it was all-important that it should be thought I was dead , and it is quite certain that you would not have written so convincing an account of my unhappy end had you not yourself thought that it was true . Several times during the last three years I have taken up my pen to write to you , but always I feared lest your affectionate regard for me should tempt you to some indiscretion which would betray my secret . For that reason I turned away from you this evening when you upset my books , for I was in danger at the time , and any show of surprise and emotion upon your part might have drawn attention to my identity and led to the most deplorable and irreparable results . As to Mycroft , I had to confide in him in order to obtain the money which I needed . The course of events in London did not run so well as I had hoped , for the trial of the Moriarty gang left two of its most dangerous members , my own most vindictive enemies , at liberty . I travelled for two years in Tibet , therefore , and amused myself by visiting Lhassa , and spending some days with the head lama . You may have read of the remarkable explorations of a Norwegian named Sigerson , but I am sure that it never occurred to you that you were receiving news of your friend . I then passed through Persia , looked in at Mecca , and paid a short but interesting visit to the Khalifa at Khartoum , the results of which I have communicated to the Foreign Office . Returning to France , I spent some months in a research into the coal-tar derivatives , which I conducted in a laboratory at Montpellier , in the south of France . Having concluded this to my satisfaction and learning that only one of my enemies was now left in London , I was about to return when my movements were hastened by the news of this very remarkable Park Lane Mystery , which not only appealed to me by its own merits , but which seemed to offer some most peculiar personal opportunities . I came over at once to London , called in my own person at Baker Street , threw Mrs. Hudson into violent hysterics , and found that Mycroft had preserved my rooms and my papers exactly as they had always been . So it was , my dear Watson that at two o'clock to-day I found myself in my old armchair in my own old room , and only wishing that I could have seen my old friend Watson in the other chair which he has so often adorned . "

Such was the remarkable narrative to which I listened on that April evening -- a narrative which would have been utterly incredible to me had it not been confirmed by the actual sight of the tall , spare figure and the keen , eager face , which I had never thought to see again . In some manner he had learned of my own sad bereavement , and his sympathy was shown in his manner rather than in his words . " Work is the best antidote to sorrow , my dear Watson , " said he ; " and I have a piece of work for us both to-night which , if we can bring it to a successful conclusion , will in itself justify a man's life on this planet . " In vain I begged him to tell me more . " You will hear and see enough before morning , " he answered . " We have three years of the past to discuss . Let that suffice until half-past nine , when we start upon the notable adventure of the empty house . "

It was indeed like old times when , at that hour , I found myself seated beside him in a hansom , my revolver in my pocket , and the thrill of adventure in my heart . Holmes was cold and stern and silent . As the gleam of the street-lamps flashed upon his austere features , I saw that his brows were drawn down in thought and his thin lips compressed . I knew not what wild beast we were about to hunt down in the dark jungle of criminal London , but I was well assured , from the bearing of this master huntsman , that the adventure was a most grave one -- while the sardonic smile which occasionally broke through his ascetic gloom boded little good for the object of our quest .

I had imagined that we were bound for Baker Street , but Holmes stopped the cab at the corner of Cavendish Square . I observed that as he stepped out he gave a most searching glance to right and left , and at every subsequent street corner he took the utmost pains to assure that he was not followed . Our route was certainly a singular one . Holmes's knowledge of the byways of London was extraordinary , and on this occasion he passed rapidly and with an assured step through a network of mews and stables , the very existence of which I had never known . We emerged at last into a small road , lined with old , gloomy houses , which led us into Manchester Street , and so to Blandford Street . Here he turned swiftly down a narrow passage , passed through a wooden gate into a deserted yard , and then opened with a key the back door of a house . We entered together , and he closed it behind us .

The place was pitch dark , but it was evident to me that it was an empty house . Our feet creaked and crackled over the bare planking , and my outstretched hand touched a wall from which the paper was hanging in ribbons . Holmes's cold , thin fingers closed round my wrist and led me forward down a long hall , until I dimly saw the murky fanlight over the door . Here Holmes turned suddenly to the right , and we found ourselves in a large , square , empty room , heavily shadowed in the corners , but faintly lit in the centre from the lights of the street beyond . There was no lamp near , and the window was thick with dust , so that we could only just discern each other's figures within . My companion put his hand upon my shoulder and his lips close to my ear .

" Do you know where we are ? " he whispered .

" Surely that is Baker Street , " I answered , staring through the dim window .

" Exactly . We are in Camden House , which stands opposite to our own old quarters . "

" But why are we here ? "

" Because it commands so excellent a view of that picturesque pile . Might I trouble you , my dear Watson , to draw a little nearer to the window , taking every precaution not to show yourself , and then to look up at our old rooms -- the starting-point of so many of your little fairy-tales ? We will see if my three years of absence have entirely taken away my power to surprise you . "

I crept forward and looked across at the familiar window . As my eyes fell upon it , I gave a gasp and a cry of amazement . The blind was down , and a strong light was burning in the room . The shadow of a man who was seated in a chair within was thrown in hard , black outline upon the luminous screen of the window . There was no mistaking the poise of the head , the squareness of the shoulders , the sharpness of the features . The face was turned half-round , and the effect was that of one of those black silhouettes which our grandparents loved to frame . It was a perfect reproduction of Holmes . So amazed was I that I threw out my hand to make sure that the man himself was standing beside me . He was quivering with silent laughter .

" Well ? " said he .

" Good heavens ! " I cried . " It is marvellous . "

" I trust that age doth not wither nor custom stale my infinite variety , " said he , and I recognized in his voice the joy and pride which the artist takes in his own creation . " It really is rather like me , is it not ? "

" I should be prepared to swear that it was you . "

" The credit of the execution is due to Monsieur Oscar Meunier of Grenoble , who spent some days in doing the moulding . It is a bust in wax . The rest I arranged myself during my visit to Baker Street this afternoon . "

" But why ? "

" Because , my dear Watson , I had the strongest possible reason for wishing certain people to think that I was there when I was really elsewhere . "

" And you thought the rooms were watched ? "

" I knew that they were watched . "

" By whom ? "

" By my old enemies , Watson . By the charming society whose leader lies in the Reichenbach Fall . You must remember that they knew , and only they knew , that I was still alive . Sooner or later they believed that I should come back to my rooms . They watched them continuously , and this morning they saw me arrive . "

" How do you know ? "

" Because I recognized their sentinel when I glanced out of my window . He is a harmless enough fellow , Parker by name , a garroter by trade , and a remarkable performer upon the jew's-harp . I cared nothing for him . But I cared a great deal for the much more formidable person who was behind him , the bosom friend of Moriarty , the man who dropped the rocks over the cliff the most cunning and dangerous criminal in London . That is the man who is after me to-night , Watson , and that is the man who is quite unaware that we are after him . "

My friend's plans were gradually revealing themselves . From this convenient retreat , the watchers were being watched and the trackers tracked . That angular shadow up yonder was the bait , and we were the hunters . In silence we stood together in the darkness and watched the hurrying figures who passed and re-passed in front of us . Holmes was silent and motionless ; but I could tell that he was keenly alert , and that his eyes were fixed intently upon the stream of passers-by . It was a bleak and boisterous night , and the wind whistled shrilly down the long street . Many people were moving to and fro , most of them muffled in their coats and cravats . Once or twice it seemed to me that I had seen the same figure before , and I especially noticed two men who appeared to be sheltering themselves from the wind in the doorway of a house some distance up the street . I tried to draw my companion's attention to them ; but he gave a little ejaculation of impatience , and continued to stare into the street . More than once he fidgeted with his feet and tapped rapidly with his fingers upon the wall . It was evident to me that he was becoming uneasy , and that his plans were not working out altogether as he had hoped . At last , as midnight approached and the street gradually cleared , he paced up and down the room in uncontrollable agitation . I was about to make some remark to him , when I raised my eyes to the lighted window , and again experienced almost as great a surprise as before . I clutched Holmes's arm , and pointed upward .

" The shadow has moved ! " I cried .

It was indeed no longer the profile , but the back , which was turned towards us .

Three years had certainly not smoothed the asperities of his temper or his impatience with a less active intelligence than his own .

" Of course it has moved , " said he . " Am I such a farcical bungler , Watson , that I should erect an obvious dummy , and expect that some of the sharpest men in Europe would be deceived by it ? We have been in this room two hours , and Mrs. Hudson has made some change in that figure eight times , or once in every quarter of an hour . She works it from the front , so that her shadow may never be seen . Ah ! " He drew in his breath with a shrill , excited intake . In the dim light I saw his head thrown forward , his whole attitude rigid with attention . Outside the street was absolutely deserted . Those two men might still be crouching in the doorway , but I could no longer see them . All was still and dark , save only that brilliant yellow screen in front of us with the black figure outlined upon its centre . Again in the utter silence I heard that thin , sibilant note which spoke of intense suppressed excitement . An instant later he pulled me back into the blackest corner of the room , and I felt his warning hand upon my lips . The fingers which clutched me were quivering . Never had I known my friend more moved , and yet the dark street still stretched lonely and motionless before us .

But suddenly I was aware of that which his keener senses had already distinguished . A low , stealthy sound came to my ears , not from the direction of Baker Street , but from the back of the very house in which we lay concealed . A door opened and shut . An instant later steps crept down the passage -- steps which were meant to be silent , but which reverberated harshly through the empty house . Holmes crouched back against the wall , and I did the same , my hand closing upon the handle of my revolver . Peering through the gloom , I saw the vague outline of a man , a shade blacker than the blackness of the open door . He stood for an instant , and then he crept forward , crouching , menacing , into the room . He was within three yards of us , this sinister figure , and I had braced myself to meet his spring , before I realized that he had no idea of our presence . He passed close beside us , stole over to the window , and very softly and noiselessly raised it for half a foot . As he sank to the level of this opening , the light of the street , no longer dimmed by the dusty glass , fell full upon his face . The man seemed to be beside himself with excitement . His two eyes shone like stars , and his features were working convulsively . He was an elderly man , with a thin , projecting nose , a high , bald forehead , and a huge grizzled moustache . An opera hat was pushed to the back of his head , and an evening dress shirt-front gleamed out through his open overcoat . His face was gaunt and swarthy , scored with deep , savage lines . In his hand he carried what appeared to be a stick , but as he laid it down upon the floor it gave a metallic clang . Then from the pocket of his overcoat he drew a bulky object , and he busied himself in some task which ended with a loud , sharp click , as if a spring or bolt had fallen into its place . Still kneeling upon the floor he bent forward and threw all his weight and strength upon some lever with the result that there came a long , whirling , grinding noise , ending once more in a powerful click . He straightened himself then , and I saw that what he held in his hand was a sort of gun , with a curiously misshapen butt . He opened it at the breech , put something in , and snapped the breech-lock . Then , crouching down , he rested the end of the barrel upon the ledge of the open window , and I saw his long moustache droop over the stock and his eye gleam as it peered along the sights . I heard a little sigh of satisfaction as he cuddled the butt into his shoulder , and saw that amazing target , the black man on the yellow ground , standing clear at the end of his foresight . For an instant he was rigid and motionless . Then his finger tightened on the trigger . There was a strange , loud whiz and a long , silvery tinkle of broken glass . At that instant Holmes sprang like a tiger on to the marksman's back , and hurled him flat upon his face . He was up again in a moment , and with convulsive strength he seized Holmes by the throat , but I struck him on the head with the butt of my revolver , and he dropped again upon the floor . I fell upon him , and as I held him my comrade blew a shrill call upon a whistle . There was the clatter of running feet upon the pavement , and two policemen in uniform , with one plain-clothes detective , rushed through the front entrance and into the room .

" That you , Lestrade ? " said Holmes .

" Yes , Mr. Holmes . I took the job myself . It's good to see you back in London , sir . "

" I think you want a little unofficial help . Three undetected murders in one year won't do , Lestrade . But you handled the Molesey Mystery with less than your usual -- that's to say , you handled it fairly well . "

We had all risen to our feet , our prisoner breathing hard , with a stalwart constable on each side of him . Already a few loiterers had begun to collect in the street . Holmes stepped up to the window , closed it , and dropped the blinds . Lestrade had produced two candles , and the policemen had uncovered their lanterns . I was able at last to have a good look at our prisoner .

It was a tremendously virile and yet sinister face which was turned towards us . With the brow of a philosopher above and the jaw of a sensualist below , the man must have started with great capacities for good or for evil . But one could not look upon his cruel blue eyes , with their drooping , cynical lids , or upon the fierce , aggressive nose and the threatening , deep-lined brow , without reading Nature's plainest danger-signals . He took no heed of any of us , but his eyes were fixed upon Holmes's face with an expression in which hatred and amazement were equally blended . " You fiend ! " he kept on muttering . " You clever , clever fiend ! "

" Ah , Colonel ! " said Holmes , arranging his rumpled collar . " ' Journeys end in lovers' meetings , ' as the old play says . I don't think I have had the pleasure of seeing you since you favoured me with those attentions as I lay on the ledge above the Reichenbach Fall . "

The colonel still stared at my friend like a man in a trance . " You cunning , cunning fiend ! " was all that he could say .

" I have not introduced you yet , " said Holmes . " This , gentlemen , is Colonel Sebastian Moran , once of Her Majesty's Indian Army , and the best heavy-game shot that our Eastern Empire has ever produced . I believe I am correct , Colonel , in saying that your bag of tigers still remains unrivalled ? "

The fierce old man said nothing , but still glared at my companion . With his savage eyes and bristling moustache he was wonderfully like a tiger himself .

" I wonder that my very simple stratagem could deceive so old a shikari , " said Holmes . " It must be very familiar to you . Have you not tethered a young kid under a tree , lain above it with your rifle , and waited for the bait to bring up your tiger ? This empty house is my tree , and you are my tiger . You have possibly had other guns in reserve in case there should be several tigers , or in the unlikely supposition of your own aim failing you . These , " he pointed around , " are my other guns . The parallel is exact . "

Colonel Moran sprang forward with a snarl of rage , but the constables dragged him back . The fury upon his face was terrible to look at .

" I confess that you had one small surprise for me , " said Holmes . " I did not anticipate that you would yourself make use of this empty house and this convenient front window . I had imagined you as operating from the street , where my friend Lestrade and his merry men were awaiting you . With that exception , all has gone as I expected . "

Colonel Moran turned to the official detective .

" You may or may not have just cause for arresting me , " said he , " but at least there can be no reason why I should submit to the gibes of this person . If I am in the hands of the law , let things be done in a legal way . "

" Well , that's reasonable enough , " said Lestrade . " Nothing further you have to say , Mr. Holmes , before we go ? "

Holmes had picked up the powerful air-gun from the floor , and was examining its mechanism .

" An admirable and unique weapon , " said he , " noiseless and of tremendous power : I knew Von Herder , the blind German mechanic , who constructed it to the order of the late Professor Moriarty . For years I have been aware of its existence , though I have never before had the opportunity of handling it . I commend it very specially to your attention , Lestrade , and also the bullets which fit it . "

" You can trust us to look after that , Mr. Holmes , " said Lestrade , as the whole party moved towards the door . " Anything further to say ? "

" Only to ask what charge you intend to prefer ? "

" What charge , sir ? Why , of course , the attempted murder of Mr. Sherlock Holmes . "

" Not so , Lestrade . I do not propose to appear in the matter at all . To you , and to you only , belongs the credit of the remarkable arrest which you have effected . Yes , Lestrade , I congratulate you ! With your usual happy mixture of cunning and audacity , you have got him . "

" Got him ! Got whom , Mr. Holmes ? "

" The man that the whole force has been seeking in vain -- Colonel Sebastian Moran , who shot the Honourable Ronald Adair with an expanding bullet from an air-gun through the open window of the second-floor front of No. 427 Park Lane , upon the thirtieth of last month . That's the charge , Lestrade . And now , Watson , if you can endure the draught from a broken window , I think that half an hour in my study over a cigar may afford you some profitable amusement . "

Our old chambers had been left unchanged through the supervision of Mycroft Holmes and the immediate care of Mrs. Hudson . As I entered I saw , it is true , an unwonted tidiness , but the old landmarks were all in their place . There were the chemical corner and the acid-stained , deal-topped table . There upon a shelf was the row of formidable scrap-books and books of reference which many of our fellow-citizens would have been so glad to burn . The diagrams , the violin-case , and the pipe-rack -- even the Persian slipper which contained the tobacco -- all met my eyes as I glanced round me . There were two occupants of the room -- one , Mrs. Hudson , who beamed upon us both as we entered -- the other , the strange dummy which had played so important a part in the evening's adventures . It was a wax-coloured model of my friend , so admirably done that it was a perfect facsimile . It stood on a small pedestal table with an old dressing-gown of Holmes's so draped round it that the illusion from the street was absolutely perfect .

" I hope you observed all precautions , Mrs. Hudson ? " said Holmes .

" I went to it on my knees , sir , just as you told me . "

" Excellent . You carried the thing out very well . Did you observe where the bullet went ? "

" Yes , sir . I'm afraid it has spoilt your beautiful bust , for it passed right through the head and flattened itself on the wall . I picked it up from the carpet . Here it is ! "

Holmes held it out to me . " A soft revolver bullet , as you perceive , Watson . There's genius in that , for who would expect to find such a thing fired from an air-gun ? All right , Mrs. Hudson . I am much obliged for your assistance . And now . Watson , let me see you in your old seat once more , for there are several points which I should like to discuss with you . "

He had thrown off the seedy frockcoat , and now he was the Holmes of old in the mouse-coloured dressing-gown which he took from his effigy .

" The old shikari's nerves have not lost their steadiness , nor his eyes their keenness , " said he , with a laugh , as he inspected the shattered forehead of his bust .

" Plumb in the middle of the back of the head and smack through the brain . He was the best shot in India , and I expect that there are few better in London . Have you heard the name ? "

" No , I have not . "

" Well , well , such is fame ! But , then , if I remember right , you had not heard the name of Professor James Moriarty , who had one of the great brains of the century . Just give me down my index of biographies from the shelf . "

He turned over the pages lazily , leaning back in his chair and blowing great clouds from his cigar .

" My collection of M's is a fine one , " said he . " Moriarty himself is enough to make any letter illustrious , and here is Morgan the poisoner , and Merridew of abominable memory , and Mathews , who knocked out my left canine in the waiting-room at Charing Cross , and , finally , here is our friend of to-night . "

He handed over the book , and I read :

Moran , Sebastian , Colonel . Unemployed . Formerly 1st Bangalore Pioneers . Born London , 1840 . Son of Sir Augustus Moran , C.B. , once British Minister to Persia . Educated Eton and Oxford . Served in Jowaki Campaign , Afghan Campaign , Charasiab ( despatches ) , Sherpur , and Cabul . Author of Heavy Game of the Western Himalayas ( 1881 ) ; Three Months in the Jungle ( 1884 ) . Address : Conduit Street . Clubs : The Anglo-Indian , the Tankerville , the Bagatelle Card Club .

On the margin was written , in Holmes's precise hand :

The second most dangerous man in London .

" This is astonishing , " said I , as I handed back the volume . " The man's career is that of an honourable soldier . "

" It is true , " Holmes answered . " Up to a certain point he did well . He was always a man of iron nerve , and the story is still told in India how he crawled down a drain after a wounded man-eating tiger . There are some trees , Watson , which grow to a certain height , and then suddenly develop some unsightly eccentricity . You will see it often in humans . I have a theory that the individual represents in his development the whole procession of his ancestors , and that such a sudden turn to good or evil stands for some strong influence which came into the line of his pedigree . The person becomes , as it were , the epitome of the history of his own family . "

" It is surely rather fanciful . "

" Well , I don't insist upon it . Whatever the cause , Colonel Moran began to go wrong . Without any open scandal , he still made India too hot to hold him . He retired , came to London , and again acquired an evil name . It was at this time that he was sought out by Professor Moriarty , to whom for a time he was chief of the staff . Moriarty supplied him liberally with money , and used him only in one or two very high-class jobs , which no ordinary criminal could have undertaken . You may have some recollection of the death of Mrs. Stewart , of Lauder , in 1887 . Not ? Well , I am sure Moran was at the bottom of it , but nothing could be proved . So cleverly was the colonel concealed that , even when the Moriarty gang was broken up , we could not incriminate him ; You remember at that date , when I called upon you in your rooms , how I put up the shutters for fear of air-guns ? No doubt you thought me fanciful . I knew exactly what I was doing , for I knew of the existence of this remarkable gun , and I knew also that one of the best shots in the world would be behind it . When we were in Switzerland he followed us with Moriarty , and it was undoubtedly he who gave me that evil five minutes on the Reichenbach ledge .

" You may think that I read the papers with some attention during my sojourn in France , on the look-out for any chance of laying him by the heels . So long as he was free in London , my life would really not have been worth living . Night and day the shadow would have been over me , and sooner or later his chance must have come . What could I do ? I could not shoot him at sight , or I should myself be in the dock . There was no use appealing to a magistrate . They cannot interfere on the strength of what would appear to them to be a wild suspicion . So I could do nothing . But I watched the criminal news , knowing that sooner or later I should get him . Then came the death of this Ronald Adair . My chance had come at last . Knowing what I did , was it not certain that Colonel Moran had done it ? He had played cards with the lad , he had followed him home from the club , he had shot him through the open window . There was not a doubt of it . The bullets alone are enough to put his head in a noose . I came over at once . I was seen by the sentinel , who would , I knew , direct the colonel's attention to my presence . He could not fail to connect my sudden return with his crime , and to be terribly alarmed . I was sure that he would make an attempt to get me out of the way at once , and would bring round his murderous weapon for that purpose . I left him an excellent mark in the window , and , having warned the police that they might be needed -- by the way , Watson , you spotted their presence in that doorway with unerring accuracy -- I took up what seemed to me to be a judicious post for observation , never dreaming that he would choose the same spot for his attack . Now , my dear Watson , does anything remain for me to explain ? "

" Yes , " said I . " You have not made it clear what was Colonel Moran's motive in murdering the Honourable Ronald Adair ? "

" Ah ! my dear Watson , there we come into those realms of conjecture , where the most logical mind may be at fault . Each may form his own hypothesis upon the present evidence , and yours is as likely to be correct as mine . "

" You have formed one , then ? "

" I think that it is not difficult to explain the facts . It came out in evidence that Colonel Moran and young Adair had , between them , won a considerable amount of money . Now , Moran undoubtedly played foul -- of that I have long been aware . I believe that on the day of the murder Adair had discovered that Moran was cheating . Very likely he had spoken to him privately , and had threatened to expose him unless he voluntarily resigned his membership of the club , and promised not to play cards again . It is unlikely that a youngster like Adair would at once make a hideous scandal by exposing a well known man so much older than himself . Probably he acted as I suggest . The exclusion from his clubs would mean ruin to Moran , who lived by his ill-gotten card-gains . He therefore murdered Adair , who at the time was endeavouring to work out how much money he should himself return , since he could not profit by his partner's foul play . He locked the door lest the ladies should surprise him and insist upon knowing what he was doing with these names and coins . Will it pass ? "

" I have no doubt that you have hit upon the truth . "

" It will be verified or disproved at the trial . Meanwhile , come what may , Colonel Moran will trouble us no more . The famous air-gun of Von Herder will embellish the Scotland Yard Museum , and once again Mr. Sherlock Holmes is free to devote his life to examining those interesting little problems which the complex life of London so plentifully presents . "

When I look at the three massive manuscript volumes which contain our work for the year 1894 , I confess that it is very difficult for me , out of such a wealth of material , to select the cases which are most interesting in themselves , and at the same time most conducive to a display of those peculiar powers for which my friend was famous . As I turn over the pages , I see my notes upon the repulsive story of the red leech and the terrible death of Crosby , the banker . Here also I find an account of the Addleton tragedy , and the singular contents of the ancient British barrow . The famous Smith-Mortimer succession case comes also within this period , and so does the tracking and arrest of Huret , the Boulevard assassin -- an exploit which won for Holmes an autograph letter of thanks from the French President and the Order of the Legion of Honour . Each of these would furnish a narrative , but on the whole I am of opinion that none of them unites so many singular points of interest as the episode of Yoxley Old Place , which includes not only the lamentable death of young Willoughby Smith , but also those subsequent developments which threw so curious a light upon the causes of the crime .

It was a wild , tempestuous night , towards the close of November . Holmes and I sat together in silence all the evening , he engaged with a powerful lens deciphering the remains of the original inscription upon a palimpsest , I deep in a recent treatise upon surgery . Outside the wind howled down Baker Street , while the rain beat fiercely against the windows . It was strange there , in the very depths of the town , with ten miles of man's handiwork on every side of us , to feel the iron grip of Nature , and to be conscious that to the huge elemental forces all London was no more than the molehills that dot the fields . I walked to the window , and looked out on the deserted street . The occasional lamps gleamed on the expanse of muddy road and shining pavement . A single cab was splashing its way from the Oxford Street end .

" Well , Watson , it's as well we have not to turn out to-night , " said Holmes , laying aside his lens and rolling up the palimpsest . " I've done enough for one sitting . It is trying work for the eyes . So far as I can make out , it is nothing more exciting than an Abbey's accounts dating from the second half of the fifteenth century . Halloa ! halloa ! halloa ! What's this ? "

Amid the droning of the wind there had come the stamping of a horse's hoofs , and the long grind of a wheel as it rasped against the curb . The cab which I had seen had pulled up at our door .

" What can he want ? " I ejaculated , as a man stepped out of it .

" Want ? He wants us . And we , my poor Watson , want overcoats and cravats and goloshes , and every aid that man ever invented to fight the weather . Wait a bit , though ! There's the cab off again ! There's hope yet . He'd have kept it if he had wanted us to come . Run down , my dear fellow , and open the door , for all virtuous folk have been long in bed . "

When the light of the hall lamp fell upon our midnight visitor , I had no difficulty in recognizing him . It was young Stanley Hopkins , a promising detective , in whose career Holmes had several times shown a very practical interest .

" Is he in ? " he asked , eagerly .

" Come up , my dear sir , " said Holmes's voice from above . " I hope you have no designs upon us on such a night as this . "

The detective mounted the stairs , and our lamp gleamed upon his shining waterproof . I helped him out of it , while Holmes knocked a blaze out of the logs in the grate .

" Now , my dear Hopkins , draw up and warm your toes , " said he . " Here's a cigar , and the doctor has a prescription containing hot water and a lemon , which is good medicine on a night like this . It must be something important which has brought you out in such a gale . "

" It is indeed , Mr. Holmes . I've had a bustling afternoon , I promise you . Did you see anything of the Yoxley case in the latest editions ? "

" I've seen nothing later than the fifteenth century to-day . "

" Well , it was only a paragraph , and all wrong at that , so you have not missed anything . I haven't let the grass grow under my feet . It's down in Kent , seven miles from Chatham and three from the railway line . I was wired for at 3:15 , reached Yoxley Old Place at 5 , conducted my investigation , was back at Charing Cross by the last train , and straight to you by cab . "

" Which means , I suppose , that you are not quite clear about your case ? "

" It means that I can make neither head nor tail of it . So far as I can see , it is just as tangled a business as ever I handled , and yet at first it seemed so simple that one couldn't go wrong . There's no motive , Mr. Holmes . That's what bothers me -- I can't put my hand on a motive . Here's a man dead -- there's no denying that -- but , so far as I can see , no reason on earth why anyone should wish him harm . "

Holmes lit his cigar and leaned back in his chair .

" Let us hear about it , " said he .

" I've got my facts pretty clear , " said Stanley Hopkins . " All I want now is to know what they all mean . The story , so far as I can make it out , is like this . Some years ago this country house , Yoxley Old Place , was taken by an elderly man , who gave the name of Professor Coram . He was an invalid , keeping his bed half the time , and the other half hobbling round the house with a stick or being pushed about the grounds by the gardener in a Bath chair . He was well liked by the few neighbours who called upon him , and he has the reputation down there of being a very learned man . His household used to consist of an elderly housekeeper , Mrs. Marker , and of a maid , Susan Tarlton . These have both been with him since his arrival , and they seem to be women of excellent character . The professor is writing a learned book , and he found it necessary , about a year ago , to engage a secretary . The first two that he tried were not successes , but the third , Mr. Willoughby Smith , a very young man straight from the university , seems to have been just what his employer wanted . His work consisted in writing all the morning to the professor's dictation , and he usually spent the evening in hunting up references and passages which bore upon the next day's work . This Willoughby Smith has nothing against him , either as a boy at Uppingham or as a young man at Cambridge . I have seen his testimonials , and from the first he was a decent , quiet , hardworking fellow , with no weak spot in him at all . And yet this is the lad who has met his death this morning in the professor's study under circumstances which can point only to murder . "

The wind howled and screamed at the windows . Holmes and I drew closer to the fire , while the young inspector slowly and point by point developed his singular narrative .

" If you were to search all England , " said he , " I don't suppose you could find a household more self-contained or freer from outside influences . Whole weeks would pass , and not one of them go past the garden gate . The professor was buried in his work and existed for nothing else . Young Smith knew nobody in the neighbourhood , and lived very much as his employer did . The two women had nothing to take them from the house . Mortimer , the gardener , who wheels the Bath chair , is an army pensioner -- an old Crimean man of excellent character . He does not live in the house , but in a three-roomed cottage at the other end of the garden . Those are the only people that you would find within the grounds of Yoxley Old Place . At the same time , the gate of the garden is a hundred yards from the main London to Chatham road . It opens with a latch , and there is nothing to prevent anyone from walking in .

" Now I will give you the evidence of Susan Tarlton , who is the only person who can say anything positive about the matter . It was in the forenoon , between eleven and twelve . She was engaged at the moment in hanging some curtains in the upstairs front bedroom . Professor Coram was still in bed , for when the weather is bad he seldom rises before midday . The housekeeper was busied with some work in the back of the house . Willoughby Smith had been in his bedroom , which he uses as a sitting-room , but the maid heard him at that moment pass along the passage and descend to the study immediately below her . She did not see him , but she says that she could not be mistaken in his quick , firm tread . She did not hear the study door close , but a minute or so later there was a dreadful cry in the room below . It was a wild , hoarse scream , so strange and unnatural that it might have come either from a man or a woman . At the same instant there was a heavy thud , which shook the old house , and then all was silence . The maid stood petrified for a moment , and then , recovering her courage , she ran downstairs . The study door was shut and she opened it . Inside , young Mr. Willoughby Smith was stretched upon the floor . At first she could see no injury , but as she tried to raise him she saw that blood was pouring from the underside of his neck . It was pierced by a very small but very deep wound , which had divided the carotid artery . The instrument with which the injury had been inflicted lay upon the carpet beside him . It was one of those small sealing-wax knives to be found on old-fashioned writing-tables , with an ivory handle and a stiff blade . It was part of the fittings of the professor's own desk .

" At first the maid thought that young Smith was already dead , but on pouring some water from the carafe over his forehead he opened his eyes for an instant . ' The professor , ' he murmured -- ' it was she . ' The maid is prepared to swear that those were the exact words . He tried desperately to say something else , and he held his right hand up in the air . Then he fell back dead .

" In the meantime the housekeeper had also arrived upon the scene , but she was just too late to catch the young man's dying words . Leaving Susan with the body , she hurried to the professor's room . He was sitting up in bed horribly agitated , for he had heard enough to convince him that something terrible had occurred . Mrs. Marker is prepared to swear that the professor was still in his night-clothes , and indeed it was impossible for him to dress without the help of Mortimer , whose orders were to come at twelve o'clock . The professor declares that he heard the distant cry , but that he knows nothing more . He can give no explanation of the young man's last words , ' The professor -- it was she , ' but imagines that they were the outcome of delirium . He believes that Willoughby Smith had not an enemy in the world , and can give no reason for the crime . His first action was to send Mortimer , the gardener , for the local police . A little later the chief constable sent for me . Nothing was moved before I got there , and strict orders were given that no one should walk upon the paths leading to the house . It was a splendid chance of putting your theories into practice , Mr. Sherlock Holmes . There was really nothing wanting . "

" Except Mr. Sherlock Holmes , " said my companion , with a somewhat bitter smile . " Well , let us hear about it . What sort of job did you make of it ? "

" I must ask you first , Mr. Holmes , to glance at this rough plan , which will give you a general idea of the position of the professor's study and the various points of the case . It will help you in following my investigation . "

He unfolded the rough chart , which I here reproduce , and he laid it across Holmes's knee . I rose and , standing behind Holmes , studied it over his shoulder . illustration missing

" It is very rough , of course , and it only deals with the points which seem to me to be essential . All the rest you will see later for yourself . Now , first of all , presuming that the assassin entered the house , how did he or she come in ? Undoubtedly by the garden path and the back door , from which there is direct access to the study . Any other way would have been exceedingly complicated . The escape must have also been made along that line , for of the two other exits from the room one was blocked by Susan as she ran downstairs and the other leads straight to the professor's bedroom . I therefore directed my attention at once to the garden path , which was saturated with recent rain , and would certainly show any footmarks .

" My examination showed me that I was dealing with a cautious and expert criminal . No footmarks were to be found on the path . There could be no question , however , that someone had passed along the grass border which lines the path , and that he had done so in order to avoid leaving a track . I could not find anything in the nature of a distinct impression , but the grass was trodden down , and someone had undoubtedly passed . It could only have been the murderer , since neither the gardener nor anyone else had been there that morning , and the rain had only begun during the night . "

" One moment , " said Holmes . " Where does this path lead to ? "

" To the road . "

" How long is it ? "

" A hundred yards or so . "

" At the point where the path passes through the gate , you could surely pick up the tracks ? "

" Unfortunately , the path was tiled at that point . "

" Well , on the road itself ? "

" No , it was all trodden into mire . "

" Tut-tut ! Well , then , these tracks upon the grass , were they coming or going ? "

" It was impossible to say . There was never any outline . "

" A large foot or a small ? "

" You could not distinguish . "

Holmes gave an ejaculation of impatience .

" It has been pouring rain and blowing a hurricane ever since , " said he . " It will be harder to read now than that palimpsest . Well , well , it can't be helped . What did you do . Hopkins , after you had made certain that you had made certain of nothing ? "

" I think I made certain of a good deal , Mr. Holmes . I knew that someone had entered the house cautiously from without . I next examined the corridor . It is lined with cocoanut matting and had taken no impression of any kind . This brought me into the study itself . It is a scantily furnished room . The main article is a large writing-table with a fixed bureau . This bureau consists of a double column of drawers , with a central small cupboard between them . The drawers were open , the cupboard locked . The drawers , it seems , were always open , and nothing of value was kept in them . There were some papers of importance in the cupboard , but there were no signs that this had been tampered with , and the professor assures me that nothing was missing . It is certain that no robbery has been committed .

" I come now to the body of the young man . It was found near the bureau , and just to the left of it , as marked upon that chart . The stab was on the right side of the neck and from behind forward , so that it is almost impossible that it could have been self-inflicted . "

" Unless he fell upon the knife , " said Holmes .

" Exactly . The idea crossed my mind . But we found the knife some feet away from the body , so that seems impossible . Then , of course , there are the man's own dying words . And , finally , there was this very important piece of evidence which was found clasped in the dead man's right hand . "

From his pocket Stanley Hopkins drew a small paper packet . He unfolded it and disclosed a golden pince-nez , with two broken ends of black silk cord dangling from the end of it .

" Willoughby Smith had excellent sight , " he added . " There can be no question that this was snatched from the face or the person of the assassin . "

Sherlock Holmes took the glasses into his hand , and examined them with the utmost attention and interest . He held them on his nose , endeavoured to read through them , went to the window and stared up the street with them , looked at them most minutely in the full light of the lamp , and finally , with a chuckle , seated himself at the table and wrote a few lines upon a sheet of paper , which he tossed across to Stanley Hopkins .

" That's the best I can do for you , " said he . " It may prove to be of some use . "

The astonished detective read the note aloud . It ran as follows :

" Wanted , a woman of good address , attired like a lady . She has a remarkably thick nose , with eyes which are set close upon either side of it . She has a puckered forehead , a peering expression , and probably rounded shoulders . There are indications that she has had recourse to an optician at least twice during the last few months . As her glasses are of remarkable strength , and as opticians are not very numerous , there should be no difficulty in tracing her . "

Holmes smiled at the astonishment of Hopkins , which must have been reflected upon my features .

" Surely my deductions are simplicity itself , " said he . " It would be difficult to name any articles which afford a finer field for inference than a pair of glasses , especially so remarkable a pair as these . That they belong to a woman I infer from their delicacy , and also , of course , from the last words of the dying man . As to her being a person of refinement and well dressed they are , as you perceive , handsomely mounted in solid gold , and it is inconceivable that anyone who wore such glasses could be slatternly in other respects . You will find that the clips are too wide for your nose , showing that the lady's nose was very broad at the base . This sort of nose is usually a short and coarse one , but there is a sufficient number of exceptions to prevent me from being dogmatic or from insisting upon this point in my description . My own face is a narrow one , and yet I find that I cannot get my eyes into the centre , nor near the centre , of these glasses . Therefore , the lady's eyes are set very near to the sides of the nose . You will perceive , Watson , that the glasses are concave and of unusual strength . A lady whose vision has been so extremely contracted all her life is sure to have the physical characteristics of such vision , which are seen in the forehead , the eyelids , and the shoulders . "

" Yes , " I said , " I can follow each of your arguments . I confess , however , that I am unable to understand how you arrive at the double visit to the optician . "

Holmes took the glasses in his hand .

" You will perceive , " he said , " that the clips are lined with tiny bands of cork to soften the pressure upon the nose . One of these is discoloured and worn to some slight extent , but the other is new . Evidently one has fallen off and been replaced . I should judge that the older of them has not been there more than a few months . They exactly correspond , so I gather that the lady went back to the same establishment for the second . "

" By George , it's marvellous ! " cried Hopkins , in an ecstasy of admiration . " To think that I had all that evidence in my hand and never knew it ! I had intended , however , to go the round of the London opticians . "

" Of course you would . Meanwhile , have you anything more to tell us about the case ? "

" Nothing , Mr. Holmes . I think that you know as much as I do now -- probably more . We have had inquiries made as to any stranger seen on the country roads or at the railway station . We have heard of none . What beats me is the utter want of all object in the crime . Not a ghost of a motive can anyone suggest . "

" Ah ! there I am not in a position to help you . But I suppose you want us to come out to-morrow ? "

" If it is not asking too much , Mr. Holmes . There's a train from Charing Cross to Chatham at six in the morning , and we should be at Yoxley Old Place between eight and nine . "

" Then we shall take it . Your case has certainly some features of great interest , and I shall be delighted to look into it . Well , it's nearly one , and we had best get a few hours' sleep . I daresay you can manage all right on the sofa in front of the fire . I'll light my spirit lamp , and give you a cup of coffee before we start . "

The gale had blown itself out next day , but it was a bitter morning when we started upon our journey . We saw the cold winter sun rise over the dreary marshes of the Thames and the long , sullen reaches of the river , which I shall ever associate with our pursuit of the Andaman Islander in the earlier days of our career . After a long and weary journey , we alighted at a small station some miles from Chatham . While a horse was being put into a trap at the local inn , we snatched a hurried breakfast , and so we were all ready for business when we at last arrived at Yoxley Old Place . A constable met us at the garden gate .

" Well , Wilson , any news ? "

" No , sir -- nothing . "

" No reports of any stranger seen ? "

" No , sir . Down at the station they are certain that no stranger either came or went yesterday . "

" Have you had inquiries made at inns and lodgings ? "

" Yes , sir : there is no one that we cannot account for . "

" Well , it's only a reasonable walk to Chatham . Anyone might stay there or take a train without being observed . This is the garden path of which I spoke , Mr. Holmes . I'll pledge my word there was no mark on it yesterday . "

" On which side were the marks on the grass ? "

" This side , sir . This narrow margin of grass between the path and the flowerbed . I can't see the traces now , but they were clear to me then . "

" Yes , yes : someone has passed along , " said Holmes , stooping over the grass border . " Our lady must have picked her steps carefully , must she not , since on the one side she would leave a track on the path , and on the other an even clearer one on the soft bed ? "

" Yes , sir , she must have been a cool hand . "

I saw an intent look pass over Holmes's face .

" You say that she must have come back this way ? "

" Yes , sir , there is no other . "

" On this strip of grass ? "

" Certainly , Mr. Holmes . "

" Hum ! It was a very remarkable performance -- very remarkable . Well , I think we have exhausted the path . Let us go farther . This garden door is usually kept open , I suppose ? Then this visitor had nothing to do but to walk in . The idea of murder was not in her mind , or she would have provided herself with some sort of weapon , instead of having to pick this knife off the writing-table . She advanced along this corridor , leaving no traces upon the cocoanut matting . Then she found herself in this study . How long was she there ? We have no means of judging . "

" Not more than a few minutes , sir . I forgot to tell you that Mrs. Marker , the housekeeper , had been in there tidying not very long before -- about a quarter of an hour , she says . "

" Well , that gives us a limit . Our lady enters this room , and what does she do ? She goes over to the writing-table . What for ? Not for anything in the drawers . If there had been anything worth her taking , it would surely have been locked up . No , it was for something in that wooden bureau . Halloa ! what is that scratch upon the face of it ? Just hold a match , Watson . Why did you not tell me of this , Hopkins ? "

The mark which he was examining began upon the brasswork on the righthand side of the keyhole , and extended for about four inches , where it had scratched the varnish from the surface .

" I noticed it , Mr. Holmes , but you'll always find scratches round a keyhole . "

" This is recent , quite recent . See how the brass shines where it is cut . An old scratch would be the same colour as the surface . Look at it through my lens . There's the varnish , too , like earth on each side of a furrow . Is Mrs. Marker there ? "

A sad-faced , elderly woman came into the room .

" Did you dust this bureau yesterday morning ? "

" Yes , sir . "

" Did you notice this scratch ? "

" No , sir , I did not . "

" I am sure you did not , for a duster would have swept away these shreds of varnish . Who has the key of this bureau ? "

" The professor keeps it on his watch-chain . "

" Is it a simple key ? "

" No , sir , it is a Chubb's key . "

" Very good . Mrs. Marker , you can go . Now we are making a little progress . Our lady enters the room , advances to the bureau , and either opens it or tries to do so . While she is thus engaged , young Willoughby Smith enters the room . In her hurry to withdraw the key , she makes this scratch upon the door . He seizes her , and she , snatching up the nearest object , which happens to be this knife , strikes at him in order to make him let go his hold . The blow is a fatal one . He falls and she escapes , either with or without the object for which she has come . Is Susan , the maid , there ? Could anyone have got away through that door after the time that you heard the cry , Susan ? "

" No , sir , it is impossible . Before I got down the stair , I'd have seen anyone in the passage . Besides , the door never opened , or I would have heard it . "

" That settles this exit . Then no doubt the lady went out the way she came . I understand that this other passage leads only to the professor's room . There is no exit that way ? "

" No , sir . "

" We shall go down it and make the acquaintance of the professor . Halloa , Hopkins ! this is very important , very important indeed . The professor's corridor is also lined with cocoanut matting . "

" Well , sir , what of that ? "

" Don't you see any bearing upon the case ? Well , well . I don't insist upon it . No doubt I am wrong . And yet it seems to me to be suggestive . Come with me and introduce me . "

We passed down the passage , which was of the same length as that which led to the garden . At the end was a short flight of steps ending in a door . Our guide knocked , and then ushered us into the professor's bedroom .

It was a very large chamber , lined with innumerable volumes , which had overflowed from the shelves and lay in piles in the corners , or were stacked all round at the base of the cases . The bed was in the centre of the room , and in it , propped up with pillows , was the owner of the house . I have seldom seen a more remarkable-looking person . It was a gaunt , aquiline face which was turned towards us , with piercing dark eyes , which lurked in deep hollows under overhung and tufted brows . His hair and beard were white , save that the latter was curiously stained with yellow around his mouth . A cigarette glowed amid the tangle of white hair , and the air of the room was fetid with stale tobacco smoke . As he held out his hand to Holmes , I perceived that it was also stained with yellow nicotine .

" A smoker , Mr. Holmes ? " said he , speaking in well-chosen English , with a curious little mincing accent . " Pray take a cigarette . And you , sir ? I can recommend them , for I have them especially prepared by Ionides , of Alexandria . He sends me a thousand at a time , and I grieve to say that I have to arrange for a fresh supply every fortnight . Bad , sir , very bad , but an old man has few pleasures . Tobacco and my work -- that is all that is left to me . "

Holmes had lit a cigarette and was shooting little darting glances all over the room .

" Tobacco and my work , but now only tobacco , " the old man exclaimed . " Alas ! what a fatal interruption ! Who could have foreseen such a terrible catastrophe ? So estimable a young man ! I assure you that , after a few months' training , he was an admirable assistant . What do you think of the matter , Mr. Holmes ? "

" I have not yet made up my mind . "

" I shall indeed be indebted to you if you can throw a light where all is so dark to us . To a poor bookworm and invalid like myself such a blow is paralyzing . I seem to have lost the faculty of thought . But you are a man of action -- you are a man of affairs . It is part of the everyday routine of your life . You can preserve your balance in every emergency . We are fortunate , indeed , in having you at our side . "

Holmes was pacing up and down one side of the room whilst the old professor was talking . I observed that he was smoking with extraordinary rapidity . It was evident that he shared our host's liking for the fresh Alexandrian cigarettes .

" Yes , sir , it is a crushing blow , " said the old man . " That is my magnum opus -- the pile of papers on the side table yonder . It is my analysis of the documents found in the Coptic monasteries of Syria and Egypt , a work which will cut deep at the very foundation of revealed religion . With my enfeebled health I do not know whether I shall ever be able to complete it , now that my assistant has been taken from me . Dear me ! Mr. Holmes , why , you are even a quicker smoker than I am myself . "

Holmes smiled .

" I am a connoisseur , " said he , taking another cigarette from the box -- his fourth -- and lighting it from the stub of that which he had finished . " I will not trouble you with any lengthy cross-examination , Professor Coram , since I gather that you were in bed at the time of the crime , and could know nothing about it . I would only ask this : What do you imagine that this poor fellow meant by his last words : ' The professor -- it was she ' ? "

The professor shook his head .

" Susan is a country girl , " said he , " and you know the incredible stupidity of that class . I fancy that the poor fellow murmured some incoherent , delirious words , and that she twisted them into this meaningless message . "

" I see . You have no explanation yourself of the tragedy ? "

" Possibly an accident , possibly -- I only breathe it among ourselves -- a suicide . Young men have their hidden troubles -- some affair of the heart , perhaps , which we have never known . It is a more probable supposition than murder . "

" But the eyeglasses ? "

" Ah ! I am only a student -- a man of dreams . I cannot explain the practical things of life . But still , we are aware , my friend , that love-gages may take strange shapes . By all means take another cigarette . It is a pleasure to see anyone appreciate them so . A fan , a glove , glasses -- who knows what article may be carried as a token or treasured when a man puts an end to his life ? This gentleman speaks of footsteps in the grass , but , after all , it is easy to be mistaken on such a point . As to the knife , it might well be thrown far from the unfortunate man as he fell . It is possible that I speak as a child , but to me it seems that Willoughby Smith has met his fate by his own hand . "

Holmes seemed struck by the theory thus put forward , and he continued to walk up and down for some time , lost in thought and consuming cigarette after cigarette .

" Tell me , Professor Coram , " he said , at last , " what is in that cupboard in the bureau ? "

" Nothing that would help a thief . Family papers , letters from my poor wife , diplomas of universities which have done me honour . Here is the key . You can look for yourself . "

Holmes picked up the key , and looked at it for an instant , then he handed it back .

" No , I hardly think that it would help me , " said he . " I should prefer to go quietly down to your garden , and turn the whole matter over in my head . There is something to be said for the theory of suicide which you have put forward . We must apologize for having intruded upon you , Professor Coram , and I promise that we won't disturb you until after lunch . At two o'clock we will come again , and report to you anything which may have happened in the interval . "

Holmes was curiously distrait , and we walked up and down the garden path for some time in silence .

" Have you a clue ? " I asked , at last .

" It depends upon those cigarettes that I smoked , " said he . " It is possible that I am utterly mistaken . The cigarettes will show me . "

" My dear Holmes , " I exclaimed , " how on earth -- "

" Well , well , you may see for yourself . If not , there's no harm done . Of course , we always have the optician clue to fall back upon , but I take a short cut when I can get it . Ah , here is the good Mrs. Marker ! Let us enjoy five minutes of instructive conversation with her . "

I may have remarked before that Holmes had , when he liked , a peculiarly ingratiating way with women , and that he very readily established terms of confidence with them . In half the time which he had named , he had captured the housekeeper's goodwill and was chatting with her as if he had known her for years .

" Yes , Mr. Holmes , it is as you say , sir . He does smoke something terrible . All day and sometimes all night , sir . I've seen that room of a morning -- well , sir , you'd have thought it was a London fog . Poor young Mr. Smith , he was a smoker also , but not as bad as the professor . His health -- well , I don't know that it's better nor worse for the smoking . "

" Ah ! " said Holmes , " but it kills the appetite . "

" Well , I don't know about that , sir . "

" I suppose the professor eats hardly anything ? "

" Well , he is variable . I'll say that for him . "

" I'll wager he took no breakfast this morning , and won't face his lunch after all the cigarettes I saw him consume . "

" Well , you're out there , sir , as it happens , for he ate a remarkable big breakfast this morning . I don't know when I've known him make a better one , and he's ordered a good dish of cutlets for his lunch . I'm surprised myself , for since I came into that room yesterday and saw young Mr. Smith lying there on the floor , I couldn't bear to look at food . Well , it takes all sorts to make a world , and the professor hasn't let it take his appetite away . "

We loitered the morning away in the garden . Stanley Hopkins had gone down to the village to look into some rumours of a strange woman who had been seen by some children on the Chatham Road the previous morning . As to my friend , all his usual energy seemed to have deserted him . I had never known him handle a case in such a half-hearted fashion . Even the news brought back by Hopkins that he had found the children , and that they had undoubtedly seen a woman exactly corresponding with Holmes's description , and wearing either spectacles or eyeglasses , failed to rouse any sign of keen interest . He was more attentive when Susan , who waited upon us at lunch , volunteered the information that she believed Mr. Smith had been out for a walk yesterday morning , and that he had only returned half an hour before the tragedy occurred . I could not myself see the bearing of this incident , but I clearly perceived that Holmes was weaving it into the general scheme which he had formed in his brain . Suddenly he sprang from his chair and glanced at his watch . " Two o'clock , gentlemen . " said he . " We must go up and have it out with our friend , the professor . "

The old man had just finished his lunch , and certainly his empty dish bore evidence to the good appetite with which his housekeeper had credited him . He was , indeed , a weird figure as he turned his white mane and his glowing eyes towards us . The eternal cigarette smouldered in his mouth . He had been dressed and was seated in an armchair by the fire .

" Well , Mr. Holmes , have you solved this mystery yet ? " He shoved the large tin of cigarettes which stood on a table beside him towards my companion . Holmes stretched out his hand at the same moment , and between them they tipped the box over the edge . For a minute or two we were all on our knees retrieving stray cigarettes from impossible places . When we rose again , I observed Holmes's eyes were shining and his cheeks tinged with colour . Only at a crisis have I seen those battle-signals flying .

" Yes , " said he , " I have solved it . "

Stanley Hopkins and I stared in amazement . Something like a sneer quivered over the gaunt features of the old professor .

" Indeed ! In the garden ? "

" No , here . "

" Here ! When ? "

" This instant . "

" You are surely joking , Mr. Sherlock Holmes . You compel me to tell you that this is too serious a matter to be treated in such a fashion . "

" I have forged and tested every link of my chain , Professor Coram , and I am sure that it is sound . What your motives are , or what exact part you play in this strange business , I am not yet able to say . In a few minutes I shall probably hear it from your own lips . Meanwhile I will reconstruct what is past for your benefit , so that you may know the information which I still require .

" A lady yesterday entered your study . She came with the intention of possessing herself of certain documents which were in your bureau . She had a key of her own . I have had an opportunity of examining yours , and I do not find that slight discolouration which the scratch made upon the varnish would have produced . You were not an accessory , therefore , and she came , so far as I can read the evidence , without your knowledge to rob you . "

The professor blew a cloud from his lips . " This is most interesting and instructive , " said he . " Have you no more to add ? Surely , having traced this lady so far , you can also say what has become of her . "

" I will endeavour to do so . In the first place she was seized by your secretary , and stabbed him in order to escape . This catastrophe I am inclined to regard as an unhappy accident , for I am convinced that the lady had no intention of inflicting so grievous an injury . An assassin does not come unarmed . Horrified by what she had done , she rushed wildly away from the scene of the tragedy . Unfortunately for her , she had lost her glasses in the scuffle , and as she was extremely shortsighted she was really helpless without them . She ran down a corridor , which she imagined to be that by which she had come -- both were lined with cocoanut matting -- and it was only when it was too late that she understood that she had taken the wrong passage , and that her retreat was cut off behind her . What was she to do ? She could not go back . She could not remain where she was . She must go on . She went on . She mounted a stair , pushed open a door , and found herself in your room . "

The old man sat with his mouth open , staring wildly at Holmes . Amazement and fear were stamped upon his expressive features . Now , with an effort , he shrugged his shoulders and burst into insincere laughter .

" All very fine , Mr. Holmes , " said he . " But there is one little flaw in your splendid theory . I was myself in my room , and I never left it during the day . "

" I am aware of that , Professor Coram . "

" And you mean to say that I could lie upon that bed and not be aware that a woman had entered my room ? "

" I never said so . You were aware of it . You spoke with her . You recognized her . You aided her to escape . "

Again the professor burst into high-keyed laughter . He had risen to his feet , and his eyes glowed like embers .

" You are mad ! " he cried . " You are talking insanely . I helped her to escape ? Where is she now ? "

" She is there , " said Holmes , and he pointed to a high bookcase in the corner of the room .

I saw the old man throw up his arms , a terrible convulsion passed over his grim face , and he fell back in his chair . At the same instant the bookcase at which Holmes pointed swung round upon a hinge , and a woman rushed out into the room . " You are right ! " she cried , in a strange foreign voice . " You are right ! I am here . "

She was brown with the dust and draped with the cobwebs which had come from the walls of her hiding-place . Her face , too , was streaked with grime , and at the best she could never have been handsome , for she had the exact physical characteristics which Holmes had divined , with , in addition , a long and obstinate chin . What with her natural blindness , and what with the change from dark to light , she stood as one dazed , blinking about her to see where and who we were . And yet , in spite of all these disadvantages , there was a certain nobility in the woman's bearing -- a gallantry in the defiant chin and in the upraised head , which compelled something of respect and admiration .

Stanley Hopkins had laid his hand upon her arm and claimed her as his prisoner , but she waved him aside gently , and yet with an over-mastering dignity which compelled obedience . The old man lay back in his chair with a twitching face , and stared at her with brooding eyes .

" Yes , sir , I am your prisoner , " she said . " From where I stood I could hear everything , and I know that you have learned the truth . I confess it all . It was I who killed the young man . But you are right -- you who say it was an accident . I did not even know that it was a knife which I held in my hand , for in my despair I snatched anything from the table and struck at him to make him let me go . It is the truth that I tell . "

" Madam , " said Holmes , " I am sure that it is the truth . I fear that you are far from well . "

She had turned a dreadful colour , the more ghastly under the dark dust-streaks upon her face . She seated herself on the side of the bed ; then she resumed .

" I have only a little time here , " she said , " but I would have you to know the whole truth . I am this man's wife . He is not an Englishman . He is a Russian . His name I will not tell . "

For the first time the old man stirred . " God bless you , Anna ! " he cried . " God bless you ! "

She cast a look of the deepest disdain in his direction . " Why should you cling so hard to that wretched life of yours , Sergius ? " said she . " It has done harm to many and good to none -- not even to yourself . However , it is not for me to cause the frail thread to be snapped before God's time . I have enough already upon my soul since I crossed the threshold of this cursed house . But I must speak or I shall be too late .

" I have said , gentlemen , that I am this man's wife . He was fifty and I a foolish girl of twenty when we married . It was in a city of Russia , a university -- I will not name the place . "

" God bless you , Anna ! " murmured the old man again .

" We were reformers -- revolutionists -- Nihilists , you understand . He and I and many more . Then there came a time of trouble , a police officer was killed , many were arrested , evidence was wanted , and in order to save his own life and to earn a great reward , my husband betrayed his own wife and his companions . Yes , we were all arrested upon his confession . Some of us found our way to the gallows , and some to Siberia . I was among these last , but my term was not for life . My husband came to England with his ill-gotten gains and has lived in quiet ever since , knowing well that if the Brotherhood knew where he was not a week would pass before justice would be done . "

The old man reached out a trembling hand and helped himself to a cigarette . " I am in your hands , Anna , " said he . " You were always good to me . "

" I have not yet told you the height of his villainy , " said she . " Among our comrades of the Order , there was one who was the friend of my heart . He was noble , unselfish , loving -- all that my husband was not . He hated violence . We were all guilty -- if that is guilt -- but he was not . He wrote forever dissuading us from such a course . These letters would have saved him . So would my diary , in which , from day to day , I had entered both my feelings towards him and the view which each of us had taken . My husband found and kept both diary and letters . He hid them , and he tried hard to swear away the young man's life . In this he failed , but Alexis was sent a convict to Siberia , where now , at this moment , he works in a salt mine . Think of that , you villain , you villain ! -- now , now , at this very moment , Alexis , a man whose name you are not worthy to speak , works and lives like a slave , and yet I have your life in my hands , and I let you go . "

" You were always a noble woman , Anna , " said the old man , puffing at his cigarette .

She had risen , but she fell back again with a little cry of pain .

" I must finish , " she said . " When my term was over I set myself to get the diary and letters which , if sent to the Russian government , would procure my friend's release . I knew that my husband had come to England . After months of searching I discovered where he was . I knew that he still had the diary , for when I was in Siberia I had a letter from him once , reproaching me and quoting some passages from its pages . Yet I was sure that , with his revengeful nature , he would never give it to me of his own free-will . I must get it for myself . With this object I engaged an agent from a private detective firm , who entered my husband's house as a secretary -- it was your second secretary Sergius , the one who left you so hurriedly . He found that papers were kept in the cupboard , and he got an impression of the key . He would not go farther . He furnished me with a plan of the house , and he told me that in the forenoon the study was always empty , as the secretary was employed up here . So at last I took my courage in both hands , and I came down to get the papers for myself . I succeeded ; but at what a cost !

" I had just taken the papers and was locking the cupboard , when the young man seized me . I had seen him already that morning . He had met me on the road , and I had asked him to tell me where Professor Coram lived , not knowing that he was in his employ .

" Exactly ! Exactly ! " said Holmes . " The secretary came back , and told his employer of the woman he had met . Then , in his last breath , he tried to send a message that it was she -- the she whom he had just discussed with him . "

" You must let me speak , " said the woman , in an imperative voice , and her face contracted as if in pain . " When he had fallen I rushed from the room , chose the wrong door , and found myself in my husband's room . He spoke of giving me up . I showed him that if he did so , his life was in my hands . If he gave me to the law , I could give him to the Brotherhood . It was not that I wished to live for my own sake , but it was that I desired to accomplish my purpose . He knew that I would do what I said -- that his own fate was involved in mine . For that reason , and for no other , he shielded me . He thrust me into that dark hiding-place -- a relic of old days , known only to himself . He took his meals in his own room , and so was able to give me part of his food . It was agreed that when the police left the house I should slip away by night and come back no more . But in some way you have read our plans . " She tore from the bosom of her dress a small packet . " These are my last words , " said she ; " here is the packet which will save Alexis . I confide it to your honour and to your love of justice . Take it ! You will deliver it at the Russian Embassy . Now , I have done my duty , and -- "

" Stop her ! " cried Holmes . He had bounded across the room and had wrenched a small phial from her hand .

" Too late ! " she said , sinking back on the bed . " Too late ! I took the poison before I left my hiding-place . My head swims ! I am going ! I charge you , sir , to remember the packet . "

" A simple case , and yet , in some ways , an instructive one , " Holmes remarked , as we travelled back to town . " It hinged from the outset upon the pince-nez . But for the fortunate chance of the dying man having seized these , I am not sure that we could ever have reached our solution . It was clear to me , from the strength of the glasses , that the wearer must have been very blind and helpless when deprived of them . When you asked me to believe that she walked along a narrow strip of grass without once making a false step , I remarked , as you may remember , that it was a noteworthy performance . In my mind I set it down as an impossible performance , save in the unlikely case that she had a second pair of glasses . I was forced , therefore , to consider seriously the hypothesis that she had remained within the house . On perceiving the similarity of the two corridors , it became clear that she might very easily have made such a mistake , and , in that case , it was evident that she must have entered the professor's room . I was keenly on the alert , therefore , for whatever would bear out this supposition , and I examined the room narrowly for anything in the shape of a hiding-place . The carpet seemed continuous and firmly nailed , so I dismissed the idea of a trap-door . There might well be a recess behind the books . As you are aware , such devices are common in old libraries . I observed that books were piled on the floor at all other points , but that one bookcase was left clear . This , then , might be the door . I could see no marks to guide me , but the carpet was of a dun colour , which lends itself very well to examination . I therefore smoked a great number of those excellent cigarettes , and I dropped the ash all over the space in front of the suspected bookcase . It was a simple trick , but exceedingly effective . I then went downstairs , and I ascertained , in your presence , Watson , without your perceiving the drift of my remarks , that Professor Coram's consumption of food had increased -- as one would expect when he is supplying a second person . We then ascended to the room again , when , by upsetting the cigarette-box , I obtained a very excellent view of the floor , and was able to see quite clearly , from the traces upon the cigarette ash , that the prisoner had in our absence come out from her retreat . Well Hopkins , here we are at Charing Cross , and I congratulate you on having brought your case to a successful conclusion . You are going to headquarters , no doubt . I think , Watson , you and I will drive together to the Russian Embassy . "

We were fairly accustomed to receive weird telegrams at Baker Street , but I have a particular recollection of one which reached us on a gloomy February morning , some seven or eight years ago , and gave Mr. Sherlock Holmes a puzzled quarter of an hour . It was addressed to him , and ran thus :

Please await me . Terrible misfortune . Right wing three-quarter missing , indispensable to-morrow . OVERTON .

" Strand postmark , and dispatched ten thirty-six , " said Holmes , reading it over and over . " Mr. Overton was evidently considerably excited when he sent it , and somewhat incoherent in consequence . Well , well , he will be here , I daresay , by the time I have looked through the Times , and then we shall know all about it . Even the most insignificant problem would be welcome in these stagnant days . "

Things had indeed been very slow with us , and I had learned to dread such periods of inaction , for I knew by experience that my companion's brain was so abnormally active that it was dangerous to leave it without material upon which to work . For years I had gradually weaned him from that drug mania which had threatened once to check his remarkable career . Now I knew that under ordinary conditions he no longer craved for this artificial stimulus , but I was well aware that the fiend was not dead but sleeping , and I have known that the sleep was a light one and the waking near when in periods of idleness I have seen the drawn look upon Holmes's ascetic face , and the brooding of his deep-set and inscrutable eyes . Therefore I blessed this Mr. Overton , whoever he might be , since he had come with his enigmatic message to break that dangerous calm which brought more peril to my friend than all the storms of his tempestuous life .

As we had expected , the telegram was soon followed by its sender , and the card of Mr. Cyril Overton , Trinity College , Cambridge , announced the arrival of an enormous young man , sixteen stone of solid bone and muscle , who spanned the doorway with his broad shoulders , and looked from one of us to the other with a comely face which was haggard with anxiety .

" Mr. Sherlock Holmes ? "

My companion bowed .

" I've been down to Scotland Yard , Mr. Holmes . I saw Inspector Stanley Hopkins . He advised me to come to you . He said the case , so far as he could see , was more in your line than in that of the regular police . "

" Pray sit down and tell me what is the matter . "

" It's awful , Mr. Holmes -- simply awful ! I wonder my hair isn't gray . Godfrey Staunton -- you've heard of him , of course ? He's simply the hinge that the whole team turns on . I'd rather spare two from the pack , and have Godfrey for my three-quarter line . Whether it's passing , or tackling , or dribbling , there's no one to touch him , and then , he's got the head , and can hold us all together . What am I to do ? That's what I ask you , Mr. Holmes . There's Moorhouse , first reserve , but he is trained as a half , and he always edges right in on to the scrum instead of keeping out on the touchline . He's a fine place-kick , it's true but then he has no judgment , and he can't sprint for nuts . Why , Morton or Johnson , the Oxford fliers , could romp round him . Stevenson is fast enough , but he couldn't drop from the twenty-five line , and a three-quarter who can't either punt or drop isn't worth a place for pace alone . No , Mr. Holmes , we are done unless you can help me to find Godfrey Staunton . "

My friend had listened with amused surprise to this long speech , which was poured forth with extraordinary vigour and earnestness , every point being driven home by the slapping of a brawny hand upon the speaker's knee . When our visitor was silent Holmes stretched out his hand and took down letter " S " of his commonplace book . For once he dug in vain into that mine of varied information .

" There is Arthur H. Staunton , the rising young forger , " said he , " and there was Henry Staunton , whom I helped to hang , but Godfrey Staunton is a new name to me . "

It was our visitor's turn to look surprised .

" Why , Mr. Holmes , I thought you knew things , " said he . " I suppose , then , if you have never heard of Godfrey Staunton , you don't know Cyril Overton either ? "

Holmes shook his head good humouredly .

" Great Scott ! " cried the athlete . " Why , I was first reserve for England against Wales , and I've skippered the 'Varsity all this year . But that's nothing ! I didn't think there was a soul in England who didn't know Godfrey Staunton , the crack threequarter , Cambridge , Blackheath , and five Internationals . Good Lord ! Mr. Holmes , where have you lived ? "

Holmes laughed at the young giant's naive astonishment .

" You live in a different world to me , Mr. Overton -- a sweeter and healthier one . My ramifications stretch out into many sections of society , but never , I am happy to say , into amateur sport , which is the best and soundest thing in England . However , your unexpected visit this morning shows me that even in that world of fresh air and fair play , there may be work for me to do . So now , my good sir , I beg you to sit down and to tell me , slowly and quietly , exactly what it is that has occurred , and how you desire that I should help you . "

Young Overton's face assumed the bothered look of the man who is more accustomed to using his muscles than his wits , but by degrees , with many repetitions and obscurities which I may omit from his narrative , he laid his strange story before us .

" It's this way , Mr. Holmes . As I have said , I am the skipper of the Rugger team of Cambridge 'Varsity , and Godfrey Staunton is my best man . To-morrow we play Oxford . Yesterday we all came up , and we settled at Bentley's private hotel . At ten o'clock I went round and saw that all the fellows had gone to roost , for I believe in strict training and plenty of sleep to keep a team fit . I had a word or two with Godfrey before he turned in . He seemed to me to be pale and bothered . I asked him what was the matter . He said he was all right -- just a touch of headache . I bade him good-night and left him . Half an hour later , the porter tells me that a rough-looking man with a beard called with a note for Godfrey . He had not gone to bed , and the note was taken to his room . Godfrey read it , and fell back in a chair as if he had been pole-axed . The porter was so scared that he was going to fetch me , but Godfrey stopped him , had a drink of water , and pulled himself together . Then he went downstairs , said a few words to the man who was waiting in the hall , and the two of them went off together . The last that the porter saw of them , they were almost running down the street in the direction of the Strand . This morning Godfrey's room was empty , his bed had never been slept in , and his things were all just as I had seen them the night before . He had gone off at a moment's notice with this stranger , and no word has come from him since . I don't believe he will ever come back . He was a sportsman , was Godfrey , down to his marrow , and he wouldn't have stopped his training and let in his skipper if it were not for some cause that was too strong for him . No : I feel as if he were gone for good , and we should never see him again . "

Sherlock Holmes listened with the deepest attention to this singular narrative .

" What did you do ? " he asked .

" I wired to Cambridge to learn if anything had been heard of him there . I have had an answer . No one has seen him . "

" Could he have got back to Cambridge ? "

" Yes , there is a late train -- quarter-past eleven . "

" But , so far as you can ascertain , he did not take it ? "

" No , he has not been seen . "

" What did you do next ? "

" I wired to Lord Mount-James . "

" Why to Lord Mount-James ? "

" Godfrey is an orphan , and Lord Mount-James is his nearest relative -- his uncle , I believe . "

" Indeed . This throws new light upon the matter . Lord Mount-James is one of the richest men in England . "

" So I've heard Godfrey say . "

" And your friend was closely related ? "

" Yes , he was his heir , and the old boy is nearly eighty -- cram full of gout , too . They say he could chalk his billiard-cue with his knuckles . He never allowed Godfrey a shilling in his life , for he is an absolute miser , but it will all come to him right enough . "

" Have you heard from Lord Mount-James ? "

" No . "

" What motive could your friend have in going to Lord Mount-James ? "

" Well , something was worrying him the night before , and if it was to do with money it is possible that he would make for his nearest relative , who had so much of it , though from all I have heard he would not have much chance of getting it . Godfrey was not fond of the old man . He would not go if he could help it . "

" Well , we can soon determine that . If your friend was going to his relative , Lord Mount-James , you have then to explain the visit of this rough-looking fellow at so late an hour , and the agitation that was caused by his coming . "

Cyril Overton pressed his hands to his head . " I can make nothing of it , " said he .

" Well , well , I have a clear day , and I shall be happy to look into the matter , " said Holmes . " I should strongly recommend you to make your preparations for your match without reference to this young gentleman . It must , as you say , have been an overpowering necessity which tore him away in such a fashion , and the same necessity is likely to hold him away . Let us step round together to the hotel , and see if the porter can throw any fresh light upon the matter . "

Sherlock Holmes was a past-master in the art of putting a humble witness at his ease , and very soon , in the privacy of Godfrey Staunton's abandoned room , he had extracted all that the porter had to tell . The visitor of the night before was not a gentleman , neither was he a workingman . He was simply what the porter described as a " medium-looking chap , " a man of fifty , beard grizzled , pale face , quietly dressed . He seemed himself to be agitated . The porter had observed his hand trembling when he had held out the note . Godfrey Staunton had crammed the note into his pocket . Staunton had not shaken hands with the man in the hall . They had exchanged a few sentences , of which the porter had only distinguished the one word " time . " Then they had hurried off in the manner described . It was just half-past ten by the hall clock .

" Let me see , " said Holmes , seating himself on Staunton's bed . " You are the day porter , are you not ? "

" Yes , sir , I go off duty at eleven . "

" The night porter saw nothing , I suppose ? "

" No , sir , one theatre party came in late . No one else . "

" Were you on duty all day yesterday ? "

" Yes , sir . "

" Did you take any messages to Mr. Staunton ? "

" Yes , sir , one telegram . "

" Ah ! that's interesting . What o'clock was this ? "

" About six . "

" Where was Mr. Staunton when he received it ? "

" Here in his room . "

" Were you present when he opened it ? "

" Yes , sir , I waited to see if there was an answer . "

" Well , was there ? "

" Yes , sir , he wrote an answer . "

" Did you take it ? "

" No , he took it himself . "

" But he wrote it in your presence ? "

" Yes , sir . I was standing by the door , and he with his back turned to that table . When he had written it he said : ' All right , porter . I will take this myself . ' "

" What did he write it with ? "

" A pen , sir . "

" Was the telegraphic form one of these on the table ? "

" Yes , sir , it was the top one . "

Holmes rose . Taking the forms , he carried them over to the window and carefully examined that which was uppermost .

" It is a pity he did not write in pencil , " said he , throwing them down again with a shrug of disappointment . " As you have no doubt frequently observed , Watson , the impression usually goes through -- a fact which has dissolved many a happy marriage . However , I can find no trace here . I rejoice , however to perceive that he wrote with a broad-pointed quill pen , and I can hardly doubt that we will find some impression upon this blotting-pad . Ah , yes , surely this is the very thing ! "

He tore off a strip of the blotting-paper and turned towards us the following hieroglyphic : illustration missing

Cyril Overton was much excited . " Hold it to the glass ! " he cried .

" That is unnecessary , " said Holmes . " The paper is thin , and the reverse will give the message . Here it is . " He turned it over , and we read : illustration missing

" So that is the tail end of the telegram which Godfrey Staunton dispatched within a few hours of his disappearance . There are at least six words of the message which have escaped us ; but what remains -- ' Stand by us for God's sake ! ' -- proves that this young man saw a formidable danger which approached him , and from which someone else could protect him . ' Us , ' mark you ! Another person was involved . Who should it be but the pale-faced , bearded man , who seemed himself in so nervous a state ? What , then , is the connection between Godfrey Staunton and the bearded man ? And what is the third source from which each of them sought for help against pressing danger ? Our inquiry has already narrowed down to that . "

" We have only to find to whom that telegram is addressed , " I suggested .

" Exactly , my dear Watson . Your reflection , though profound , had already crossed my mind . But I daresay it may have come to your notice that , if you walk into a postoffice and demand to see the counterfoil of another man's message , there may be some disinclination on the part of the officials to oblige you . There is so much red tape in these matters . However , I have no doubt that with a little delicacy and finesse the end may be attained . Meanwhile , I should like in your presence , Mr. Overton , to go through these papers which have been left upon the table . "

There were a number of letters , bills , and notebooks , which Holmes turned over and examined with quick , nervous fingers and darting , penetrating eyes . " Nothing here , " he said , at last . " By the way , I suppose your friend was a healthy young fellow -- nothing amiss with him ? "

" Sound as a bell . "

" Have you ever known him ill ? "

" Not a day . He has been laid up with a hack , and once he slipped his knee-cap , but that was nothing . "

" Perhaps he was not so strong as you suppose . I should think he may have had some secret trouble . With your assent , I will put one or two of these papers in my pocket , in case they should bear upon our future inquiry . "

" One moment -- one moment ! " cried a querulous voice , and we looked up to find a queer little old man , jerking and twitching in the doorway . He was dressed in rusty black , with a very broad-brimmed top-hat and a loose white necktie -- the whole effect being that of a very rustic parson or of an undertaker's mute . Yet , in spite of his shabby and even absurd appearance , his voice had a sharp crackle , and his manner a quick intensity which commanded attention .

" Who are you , sir , and by what right do you touch this gentleman's papers ? " he asked .

" I am a private detective , and I am endeavouring to explain his disappearance . "

" Oh , you are , are you ? And who instructed you , eh ? "

" This gentleman , Mr. Staunton's friend , was referred to me by Scotland Yard . "

" Who are you , sir ? "

" I am Cyril Overton . "

" Then it is you who sent me a telegram . My name is Lord Mount-James . I came round as quickly as the Bayswater bus would bring me . So you have instructed a detective ? "

" Yes , sir . "

" And are you prepared to meet the cost ? "

" I have no doubt , sir , that my friend Godfrey , when we find him , will be prepared to do that . "

" But if he is never found , eh ? Answer me that ! "

" In that case , no doubt his family -- "

" Nothing of the sort , sir ! " screamed the little man . " Don't look to me for a penny -- not a penny ! You understand that , Mr. Detective ! I am all the family that this young man has got , and I tell you that I am not responsible . If he has any expectations it is due to the fact that I have never wasted money , and I do not propose to begin to do so now . As to those papers with which you are making so free , I may tell you that in case there should be anything of any value among them , you will be held strictly to account for what you do with them . "

" Very good , sir , " said Sherlock Holmes . " May I ask , in the meanwhile , whether you have yourself any theory to account for this young man's disappearance ? "

" No , sir , I have not . He is big enough and old enough to look after himself , and if he is so foolish as to lose himself , I entirely refuse to accept the responsibility of hunting for him . "

" I quite understand your position , " said Holmes , with a mischievous twinkle in his eyes . " Perhaps you don't quite understand mine . Godfrey Staunton appears to have been a poor man . If he has been kidnapped , it could not have been for anything which he himself possesses . The fame of your wealth has gone abroad , Lord Mount-James , and it is entirely possible that a gang of thieves have secured your nephew in order to gain from him some information as to your house , your habits , and your treasure . "

The face of our unpleasant little visitor turned as white as his neckcloth .

" Heavens , sir , what an idea ! I never thought of such villainy ! What inhuman rogues there are in the world ! But Godfrey is a fine lad -- a staunch lad . Nothing would induce him to give his old uncle away . I'll have the plate moved over to the bank this evening . In the meantime spare no pains , Mr. Detective ! I beg you to leave no stone unturned to bring him safely back . As to money , well , so far as a fiver or even a tenner goes you can always look to me . "

Even in his chastened frame of mind , the noble miser could give us no information which could help us , for he knew little of the private life of his nephew . Our only clue lay in the truncated telegram , and with a copy of this in his hand Holmes set forth to find a second link for his chain . We had shaken off Lord Mount-James , and Overton had gone to consult with the other members of his team over the misfortune which had befallen them .

There was a telegraph-office at a short distance from the hotel . We halted outside it .

" It's worth trying , Watson , " said Holmes . " Of course , with a warrant we could demand to see the counterfoils , but we have not reached that stage yet . I don't suppose they remember faces in so busy a place . Let us venture it . "

" I am sorry to trouble you , " said he , in his blandest manner , to the young woman behind the grating ; " there is some small mistake about a telegram I sent yesterday . I have had no answer , and I very much fear that I must have omitted to put my name at the end . Could you tell me if this was so ? "

The young woman turned over a sheaf of counterfoils .

" What o'clock was it ? " she asked .

" A little after six . "

" Whom was it to ? "

Holmes put his finger to his lips and glanced at me . " The last words in it were ' for God's sake , ' " he whispered , confidentially ; " I am very anxious at getting no answer . "

The young woman separated one of the forms .

" This is it . There is no name , " said she , smoothing it out upon the counter .

" Then that , of course , accounts for my getting no answer , " said Holmes . " Dear me , how very stupid of me , to be sure ! Good-morning , miss , and many thanks for having relieved my mind . " He chuckled and rubbed his hands when we found ourselves in the street once more .

" Well ? " I asked .

" We progress , my dear Watson , we progress . I had seven different schemes for getting a glimpse of that telegram , but I could hardly hope to succeed the very first time . "

" And what have you gained ? "

" A starting-point for our investigation . " He hailed a cab . " King's Cross Station , " said he .

" We have a journey , then ? "

" Yes , I think we must run down to Cambridge together . All the indications seem to me to point in that direction . "

" Tell me , " I asked , as we rattled up Gray's Inn Road , " have you any suspicion yet as to the cause of the disappearance ? I don't think that among all our cases I have known one where the motives are more obscure . Surely you don't really imagine that he may be kidnapped in order to give information against his wealthy uncle ? "

" I confess , my dear Watson , that that does not appeal to me as a very probable explanation . It struck me , however , as being the one which was most likely to interest that exceedingly unpleasant old person . "

" It certainly did that ; but what are your alternatives ? "

" I could mention several . You must admit that it is curious and suggestive that this incident should occur on the eve of this important match , and should involve the only man whose presence seems essential to the success of the side . It may , of course , be a coincidence , but it is interesting . Amateur sport is free from betting , but a good deal of outside betting goes on among the public , and it is possible that it might be worth someone's while to get at a player as the ruffians of the turf get at a race-horse . There is one explanation . A second very obvious one is that this young man really is the heir of a great property , however modest his means may at present be , and it is not impossible that a plot to hold him for ransom might be concocted . "

" These theories take no account of the telegram . "

" Quite true , Watson . The telegram still remains the only solid thing with which we have to deal , and we must not permit our attention to wander away from it . It is to gain light upon the purpose of this telegram that we are now upon our way to Cambridge . The path of our investigation is at present obscure , but I shall be very much surprised if before evening we have not cleared it up , or made a considerable advance along it . "

It was already dark when we reached the old university city . Holmes took a cab at the station and ordered the man to drive to the house of Dr. Leslie Armstrong . A few minutes later , we had stopped at a large mansion on the busiest thoroughfare . We were shown in , and after a long wait were at last admitted into the consulting-room , where we found the doctor seated behind his table .

It argues the degree in which I had lost touch with my profession that the name of Leslie Armstrong was unknown to me . Now I am aware that he is not only one of the heads of the medical school of the university , but a thinker of European reputation in more than one branch of science . Yet even without knowing his brilliant record one could not fail to be impressed by a mere glance at the man , the square , massive face , the brooding eyes under the thatched brows , and the granite moulding of the inflexible jaw . A man of deep character , a man with an alert mind , grim , ascetic , self-contained , formidable -- so I read Dr. Leslie Armstrong . He held my friend's card in his hand , and he looked up with no very pleased expression upon his dour features .

" I have heard your name , Mr. Sherlock Holmes , and I am aware of your profession -- one of which I by no means approve . "

" In that , Doctor , you will find yourself in agreement with every criminal in the country , " said my friend , quietly .

" So far as your efforts are directed towards the suppression of crime , sir , they must have the support of every reasonable member of the community , though I cannot doubt that the official machinery is amply sufficient for the purpose . Where your calling is more open to criticism is when you pry into the secrets of private individuals , when you rake up family matters which are better hidden , and when you incidentally waste the time of men who are more busy than yourself . At the present moment for example , I should be writing a treatise instead of conversing with you . "

" No doubt , Doctor ; and yet the conversation may prove more important than the treatise . Incidentally , I may tell you that we are doing the reverse of what you very justly blame , and that we are endeavouring to prevent anything like public exposure of private matters which must necessarily follow when once the case is fairly in the hands of the official police . You may look upon me simply as an irregular pioneer , who goes in front of the regular forces of the country . I have come to ask you about Mr. Godfrey Staunton . "

" What about him ? "

" You know him , do you not ? "

" He is an intimate friend of mine . "

" You are aware that he has disappeared ? "

" Ah , indeed ! " There was no change of expression in the rugged features of the doctor .

" He left his hotel last night -- he has not been heard of . "

" No doubt he will return . "

" To-morrow is the 'Varsity football match . "

" I have no sympathy with these childish games . The young man's fate interests me deeply , since I know him and like him . The football match does not come within my horizon at all . "

" I claim your sympathy , then , in my investigation of Mr. Staunton's fate . Do you know where he is ? "

" Certainly not . "

" You have not seen him since yesterday ? "

" No , I have not . "

" Was Mr. Staunton a healthy man ? "

" Absolutely . "

" Did you ever know him ill ? "

" Never . "

Holmes popped a sheet of paper before the doctor's eyes . " Then perhaps you will explain this receipted bill for thirteen guineas , paid by Mr. Godfrey Staunton last month to Dr. Leslie Armstrong , of Cambridge . I picked it out from among the papers upon his desk . "

The doctor flushed with anger .

" I do not feel that there is any reason why I should render an explanation to you , Mr. Holmes . "

Holmes replaced the bill in his notebook . " If you prefer a public explanation , it must come sooner or later , " said he . " I have already told you that I can hush up that which others will be bound to publish , and you would really be wiser to take me into your complete confidence . "

" I know nothing about it . "

" Did you hear from Mr. Staunton in London ? "

" Certainly not . "

" Dear me , dear me -- the postoffice again ! " Holmes sighed , wearily . " A most urgent telegram was dispatched to you from London by Godfrey Staunton at six-fifteen yesterday evening -- a telegram which is undoubtedly associated with his disappearance -- and yet you have not had it . It is most culpable . I shall certainly go down to the office here and register a complaint . "

Dr. Leslie Armstrong sprang up from behind his desk , and his dark face was crimson with fury .

" I'll trouble you to walk out of my house , sir , " said he . " You can tell your employer , Lord Mount-James , that I do not wish to have anything to do either with him or with his agents . No , sir -- not another word ! " He rang the bell furiously . " John , show these gentlemen out ! " A pompous butler ushered us severely to the door , and we found ourselves in the street . Holmes burst out laughing .

" Dr. Leslie Armstrong is certainly a man of energy and character , " said he . " I have not seen a man who , if he turns his talents that way , was more calculated to fill the gap left by the illustrious Moriarty . And now , my poor Watson , here we are , stranded and friendless in this inhospitable town , which we cannot leave without abandoning our case . This little inn just opposite Armstrong's house is singularly adapted to our needs . If you would engage a front room and purchase the necessaries for the night , I may have time to make a few inquiries . "

These few inquiries proved , however , to be a more lengthy proceeding than Holmes had imagined , for he did not return to the inn until nearly nine o'clock . He was pale and dejected , stained with dust , and exhausted with hunger and fatigue . A cold supper was ready upon the table , and when his needs were satisfied and his pipe alight he was ready to take that half comic and wholly philosophic view which was natural to him when his affairs were going awry . The sound of carriage wheels caused him to rise and glance out of the window . A brougham and pair of grays , under the glare of a gas-lamp , stood before the doctor's door .

" It's been out three hours , " said Holmes , " started at half-past six , and here it is back again . That gives a radius of ten or twelve miles , and he does it once , or sometimes twice , a day . "

" No unusual thing for a doctor in practice . "

" But Armstrong is not really a doctor in practice . He is a lecturer and a consultant , but he does not care for general practice , which distracts him from his literary work . Why , then , does he make these long journeys , which must be exceedingly irksome to him , and who is it that he visits ? "

" His coachman -- "

" My dear Watson , can you doubt that it was to him that I first applied ? I do not know whether it came from his own innate depravity or from the promptings of his master , but he was rude enough to set a dog at me . Neither dog nor man liked the look of my stick , however , and the matter fell through . Relations were strained after that , and further inquiries out of the question . All that I have learned I got from a friendly native in the yard of our own inn . It was he who told me of the doctor's habits and of his daily journey . At that instant , to give point to his words , the carriage came round to the door . "

" Could you not follow it ? "

" Excellent , Watson ! You are scintillating this evening . The idea did cross my mind . There is , as you may have observed , a bicycle shop next to our inn . Into this I rushed , engaged a bicycle , and was able to get started before the carriage was quite out of sight . I rapidly overtook it , and then , keeping at a discreet distance of a hundred yards or so , I followed its lights until we were clear of the town . We had got well out on the country road when a somewhat mortifying incident occurred . The carriage stopped , the doctor alighted , walked swiftly back to where I had also halted , and told me in an excellent sardonic fashion that he feared the road was narrow , and that he hoped his carriage did not impede the passage of my bicycle . Nothing could have been more admirable than his way of putting it . I at once rode past the carriage , and , keeping to the main road , I went on for a few miles , and then halted in a convenient place to see if the carriage passed . There was no sign of it , however , and so it became evident that it had turned down one of several side roads which I had observed . I rode back , but again saw nothing of the carriage , and now , as you perceive , it has returned after me . Of course , I had at the outset no particular reason to connect these journeys with the disappearance of Godfrey Staunton , and was only inclined to investigate them on the general grounds that everything which concerns Dr. Armstrong is at present of interest to us , but , now that I find he keeps so keen a look-out upon anyone who may follow him on these excursions , the affair appears more important , and I shall not be satisfied until I have made the matter clear . "

" We can follow him tomorrow . "

" Can we ? It is not so easy as you seem to think . You are not familiar with Cambridgeshire scenery , are you ? It does not lend itself to concealment . All this country that I passed over to-night is as flat and clean as the palm of your hand , and the man we are following is no fool , as he very clearly showed to-night . I have wired to Overton to let us know any fresh London developments at this address , and in the meantime we can only concentrate our attention upon Dr. Armstrong , whose name the obliging young lady at the office allowed me to read upon the counterfoil of Staunton's urgent message . He knows where the young man is -- to that I'll swear , and if he knows , then it must be our own fault if we cannot manage to know also . At present it must be admitted that the odd trick is in his possession , and , as you are aware , Watson , it is not my habit to leave the game in that condition . "

And yet the next day brought us no nearer to the solution of the mystery . A note was handed in after breakfast , which Holmes passed across to me with a smile .

SIR [ it ran ] : I can assure you that you are wasting your time in dogging my movements . I have , as you discovered last night , a window at the back of my brougham , and if you desire a twenty-mile ride which will lead you to the spot from which you started , you have only to follow me . Meanwhile , I can inform you that no spying upon me can in any way help Mr. Godfrey Staunton , and I am convinced that the best service you can do to that gentleman is to return at once to London and to report to your employer that you are unable to trace him . Your time in Cambridge will certainly be wasted . Yours faithfully , LESLIE ARMSTRONG

" An outspoken , honest antagonist is the doctor , " said Holmes . " Well , well , he excites my curiosity , and I must really know before I leave him . "

" His carriage is at his door now , " said I . " There he is stepping into it . I saw him glance up at our window as he did so . Suppose I try my luck upon the bicycle ? "

" No , no , my dear Watson ! With all respect for your natural acumen , I do not think that you are quite a match for the worthy doctor . I think that possibly I can attain our end by some independent explorations of my own . I am afraid that I must leave you to your own devices , as the appearance of two inquiring strangers upon a sleepy countryside might excite more gossip than I care for . No doubt you will find some sights to amuse you in this venerable city , and I hope to bring back a more favourable report to you before evening . "

Once more , however , my friend was destined to be disappointed . He came back at night weary and unsuccessful .

" I have had a blank day , Watson . Having got the doctor's general direction , I spent the day in visiting all the villages upon that side of Cambridge , and comparing notes with publicans and other local news agencies . I have covered some ground . Chesterton , Histon , Waterbeach , and Oakington have each been explored , and have each proved disappointing . The daily appearance of a brougham and pair could hardly have been overlooked in such Sleepy Hollows . The doctor has scored once more . Is there a telegram for me ? "

" Yes , I opened it . Here it is :

" Ask for Pompey from Jeremy Dixon , Trinity College .

I don't understand it . "

" Oh , it is clear enough . It is from our friend Overton , and is in answer to a question from me . I'll just send round a note to Mr. Jeremy Dixon , and then I have no doubt that our luck will turn . By the way , is there any news of the match ? "

" Yes , the local evening paper has an excellent account in its last edition . Oxford won by a goal and two tries . The last sentences of the description say :

" The defeat of the Light Blues may be entirely attributed to the unfortunate absence of the crack International , Godfrey Staunton , whose want was felt at every instant of the game . The lack of combination in the three-quarter line and their weakness both in attack and defence more than neutralized the efforts of a heavy and hard-working pack . "

" Then our friend Overton's forebodings have been justified , " said Holmes . " Personally I am in agreement with Dr. Armstrong , and football does not come within my horizon . Early to bed to-night , Watson , for I foresee that to-morrow may be an eventful day . "

I was horrified by my first glimpse of Holmes next morning , for he sat by the fire holding his tiny hypodermic syringe . I associated that instrument with the single weakness of his nature , and I feared the worst when I saw it glittering in his hand . He laughed at my expression of dismay and laid it upon the table .

" No , no , my dear fellow , there is no cause for alarm . It is not upon this occasion the instrument of evil , but it will rather prove to be the key which will unlock our mystery . On this syringe I base all my hopes . I have just returned from a small scouting expedition , and everything is favourable . Eat a good breakfast , Watson , for I propose to get upon Dr. Armstrong's trail to-day , and once on it I will not stop for rest or food until I run him to his burrow . "

" In that case , " said I , " we had best carry our breakfast with us , for he is making an early start . His carriage is at the door . "

" Never mind . Let him go . He will be clever if he can drive where I cannot follow him . When you have finished , come downstairs with me , and I will introduce you to a detective who is a very eminent specialist in the work that lies before us . "

When we descended I followed Holmes into the stable yard , where he opened the door of a loose-box and led out a squat , lop-eared , white-and-tan dog , something between a beagle and a foxhound .

" Let me introduce you to Pompey , " said he . " Pompey is the pride of the local draghounds -- no very great flier , as his build will show , but a staunch hound on a scent . Well , Pompey , you may not be fast , but I expect you will be too fast for a couple of middle-aged London gentlemen , so I will take the liberty of fastening this leather leash to your collar . Now , boy , come along , and show what you can do . " He led him across to the doctor's door . The dog sniffed round for an instant , and then with a shrill whine of excitement started off down the street , tugging at his leash in his efforts to go faster . In half an hour , we were clear of the town and hastening down a country road .

" What have you done , Holmes ? " I asked .

" A threadbare and venerable device , but useful upon occasion . I walked into the doctor's yard this morning , and shot my syringe full of aniseed over the hind wheel . A draghound will follow aniseed from here to John o ' Groat's , and our friend , Armstrong , would have to drive through the Cam before he would shake Pompey off his trail . Oh , the cunning rascal ! This is how he gave me the slip the other night . "

The dog had suddenly turned out of the main road into a grass-grown lane . Half a mile farther this opened into another broad road , and the trail turned hard to the right in the direction of the town , which we had just quitted . The road took a sweep to the south of the town , and continued in the opposite direction to that in which we started .

" This detour has been entirely for our benefit , then ? " said Holmes . " No wonder that my inquiries among those villagers led to nothing . The doctor has certainly played the game for all it is worth , and one would like to know the reason for such elaborate deception . This should be the village of Trumpington to the right of us . And , by Jove ! here is the brougham coming round the corner . Quick , Watson -- quick , or we are done ! "

He sprang through a gate into a field , dragging the reluctant Pompey after him . We had hardly got under the shelter of the hedge when the carriage rattled past . I caught a glimpse , of Dr. Armstrong within , his shoulders bowed , his head sunk on his hands , the very image of distress . I could tell by my companion's graver face that he also had seen .

" I fear there is some dark ending to our quest , " said he . " It cannot be long before we know it . Come , Pompey ! Ah , it is the cottage in the field ! "

There could be no doubt that we had reached the end of our journey . Pompey ran about and whined eagerly outside the gate , where the marks of the brougham's wheels were still to be seen . A footpath led across to the lonely cottage . Holmes tied the dog to the hedge , and we hastened onward . My friend knocked at the little rustic door , and knocked again without response . And yet the cottage was not deserted , for a low sound came to our ears -- a kind of drone of misery and despair which was indescribably melancholy . Holmes paused irresolute , and then he glanced back at the road which he had just traversed . A brougham was coming down it , and there could be no mistaking those gray horses .

" By Jove , the doctor is coming back ! " cried Holmes . " That settles it . We are bound to see what it means before he comes . "

He opened the door , and we stepped into the hall . The droning sound swelled louder upon our ears until it became one long , deep wail of distress . It came from upstairs . Holmes darted up , and I followed him . He pushed open a half-closed door , and we both stood appalled at the sight before us .

A woman , young and beautiful , was lying dead upon the bed . Her calm , pale face , with dim , wide-opened blue eyes , looked upward from amid a great tangle of golden hair . At the foot of the bed , half sitting , half kneeling , his face buried in the clothes , was a young man , whose frame was racked by his sobs . So absorbed was he by his bitter grief , that he never looked up until Holmes's hand was on his shoulder .

" Are you Mr. Godfrey Staunton ? "

" Yes , yes , I am -- but you are too late . She is dead . "

The man was so dazed that he could not be made to understand that we were anything but doctors who had been sent to his assistance . Holmes was endeavouring to utter a few words of consolation and to explain the alarm which had been caused to his friends by his sudden disappearance when there was a step upon the stairs , and there was the heavy , stern , questioning face of Dr. Armstrong at the door .

" So , gentlemen , " said he , " you have attained your end and have certainly chosen a particularly delicate moment for your intrusion . I would not brawl in the presence of death , but I can assure you that if I were a younger man your monstrous conduct would not pass with impunity . "

" Excuse me , Dr. Armstrong , I think we are a little at cross-purposes , " said my friend , with dignity . " If you could step downstairs with us , we may each be able to give some light to the other upon this miserable affair . "

A minute later , the grim doctor and ourselves were in the sitting-room below .

" Well , sir ? " said he .

" I wish you to understand , in the first place , that I am not employed by Lord Mount-James , and that my sympathies in this matter are entirely against that nobleman . When a man is lost it is my duty to ascertain his fate , but having done so the matter ends so far as I am concerned , and so long as there is nothing criminal I am much more anxious to hush up private scandals than to give them publicity . If , as I imagine , there is no breach of the law in this matter , you can absolutely depend upon my discretion and my cooperation in keeping the facts out of the papers . "

Dr. Armstrong took a quick step forward and wrung Holmes by the hand .

" You are a good fellow , " said he . " I had misjudged you . I thank heaven that my compunction at leaving poor Staunton all alone in this plight caused me to turn my carriage back and so to make your acquaintance . Knowing as much as you do , the situation is very easily explained . A year ago Godfrey Staunton lodged in London for a time and became passionately attached to his landlady's daughter , whom he married . She was as good as she was beautiful and as intelligent as she was good . No man need be ashamed of such a wife . But Godfrey was the heir to this crabbed old nobleman , and it was quite certain that the news of his marriage would have been the end of his inheritance . I knew the lad well , and I loved him for his many excellent qualities . I did all I could to help him to keep things straight . We did our very best to keep the thing from everyone , for , when once such a whisper gets about , it is not long before everyone has heard it . Thanks to this lonely cottage and his own discretion , Godfrey has up to now succeeded . Their secret was known to no one save to me and to one excellent servant , who has at present gone for assistance to Trumpington . But at last there came a terrible blow in the shape of dangerous illness to his wife . It was consumption of the most virulent kind . The poor boy was half crazed with grief , and yet he had to go to London to play this match , for he could not get out of it without explanations which would expose his secret . I tried to cheer him up by wire , and he sent me one in reply , imploring me to do all I could . This was the telegram which you appear in some inexplicable way to have seen . I did not tell him how urgent the danger was , for I knew that he could do no good here , but I sent the truth to the girl's father , and he very injudiciously communicated it to Godfrey . The result was that he came straight away in a state bordering on frenzy , and has remained in the same state , kneeling at the end of her bed , until this morning death put an end to her sufferings . That is all , Mr. Holmes , and I am sure that I can rely upon your discretion and that of your friend . "

Holmes grasped the doctor's hand .

" Come , Watson , " said he , and we passed from that house of grief into the pale sunlight of the winter day .

" From the point of view of the criminal expert , " said Mr. Sherlock Holmes , " London has become a singularly uninteresting city since the death of the late lamented Professor Moriarty . "

" I can hardly think that you would find many decent citizens to agree with you , " I answered .

" Well , well , I must not be selfish , " said he , with a smile , as he pushed back his chair from the breakfast-table . " The community is certainly the gainer , and no one the loser , save the poor out-of-work specialist , whose occupation has gone . With that man in the field , one's morning paper presented infinite possibilities . Often it was only the smallest trace , Watson , the faintest indication , and yet it was enough to tell me that the great malignant brain was there , as the gentlest tremors of the edges of the web remind one of the foul spider which lurks in the centre . Petty thefts , wanton assaults , purposeless outrage -- to the man who held the clue all could be worked into one connected whole . To the scientific student of the higher criminal world , no capital in Europe offered the advantages which London then possessed . But now -- " He shrugged his shoulders in humorous deprecation of the state of things which he had himself done so much to produce .

At the time of which I speak , Holmes had been back for some months , and I at his request had sold my practice and returned to share the old quarters in Baker Street . A young doctor , named Vemer , had purchased my small Kensington practice , and given with astonishingly little demur the highest price that I ventured to ask -- an incident which only explained itself some years later , when I found that Vemer was a distant relation of Holmes , and that it was my friend who had really found the money .

Our months of partnership had not been so uneventful as he had stated , for I find , on looking over my notes , that this period includes the case of the papers of ex-President Murillo , and also the shocking affair of the Dutch steamship Friesland , which so nearly cost us both our lives . His cold and proud nature was always averse , however , from anything in the shape of public applause , and he bound me in the most stringent terms to say no further word of himself , his methods , or his successes -- a prohibition which , as I have explained , has only now been removed .

Mr. Sherlock Holmes was leaning back in his chair after his whimsical protest , and was unfolding his morning paper in a leisurely fashion , when our attention was arrested by a tremendous ring at the bell , followed immediately by a hollow drumming sound , as if someone were beating on the outer door with his fist . As it opened there came a tumultuous rush into the hall , rapid feet clattered up the stair , and an instant later a wild-eyed and frantic young man , pale , dishevelled , and palpitating , burst into the room . He looked from one to the other of us , and under our gaze of inquiry he became conscious that some apology was needed for this unceremonious entry .

" I'm sorry , Mr. Holmes , " he cried . " You mustn't blame me . I am nearly mad . Mr. Holmes , I am the unhappy John Hector McFarlane . "

He made the announcement as if the name alone would explain both his visit and its manner , but I could see by my companion's unresponsive face , that it meant no more to him than to me .

" Have a cigarette , Mr. McFarlane , " said he , pushing his case across . " I am sure that , with your symptoms , my friend Dr. Watson here would prescribe a sedative . The weather has been so very warm these last few days . Now , if you feel a little more composed , I should be glad if you would sit down in that chair , and tell us very slowly and quietly who you are , and what it is that you want . You mentioned your name , as if I should recognize it , but I assure you that , beyond the obvious facts that you are a bachelor , a solicitor , a Freemason , and an asthmatic , I know nothing whatever about you . "

Familiar as I was with my friend's methods , it was not difficult for me to follow his deductions , and to observe the untidiness of attire , the sheaf of legal papers , the watch-charm , and the breathing which had prompted them . Our client , however , stared in amazement .

" Yes , I am all that , Mr. Holmes ; and , in addition , I am the most unfortunate man at this moment in London . For heaven's sake , don't abandon me , Mr. Holmes ! If they come to arrest me before I have finished my story , make them give me time , so that I may tell you the whole truth . I could go to jail happy if I knew that you were working for me outside . "

" Arrest you ! " said Holmes . " This is really most grati-- most interesting . On what charge do you expect to be arrested ? "

" Upon the charge of murdering Mr. Jonas Oldacre , of Lower Norwood . "

My companion's expressive face showed a sympathy which was not , I am afraid , entirely unmixed with satisfaction .

" Dear me , " said he , " it was only this moment at breakfast that I was saying to my friend , Dr. Watson , that sensational cases had disappeared out of our papers . "

Our visitor stretched forward a quivering hand and picked up the Daily Telegraph , which still lay upon Holmes's knee .

" If you had looked at it , sir , you would have seen at a glance what the errand is on which I have come to you this morning . I feel as if my name and my misfortune must be in every man's mouth . " He turned it over to expose the central page . " Here it is , and with your permission I will read it to you . Listen to this , Mr. Holmes . The headlines are : ' Mysterious Affair at Lower Norwood . Disappearance of a Well Known Builder . Suspicion of Murder and Arson . A Clue to the Criminal . ' That is the clue which they are already following , Mr. Holmes , and I know that it leads infallibly to me . I have been followed from London Bridge Station , and I am sure that they are only waiting for the warrant to arrest me . It will break my mother's heart -- it will break her heart ! " He wrung his hands in an agony of apprehension , and swayed backward and forward in his chair .

I looked with interest upon this man , who was accused of being the perpetrator of a crime of violence . He was flaxen-haired and handsome , in a washed-out negative fashion , with frightened blue eyes , and a clean-shaven face , with a weak , sensitive mouth . His age may have been about twenty-seven , his dress and bearing that of a gentleman . From the pocket of his light summer overcoat protruded the bundle of endorsed papers which proclaimed his profession .

" We must use what time we have , " said Holmes . " Watson , would you have the kindness to take the paper and to read the paragraph in question ? "

Underneath the vigorous headlines which our client had quoted , I read the following suggestive narrative :

" Late last night , or early this morning , an incident occurred at Lower Norwood which points , it is feared , to a serious crime . Mr. Jonas Oldacre is a well known resident of that suburb , where he has carried on his business as a builder for many years . Mr. Oldacre is a bachelor , fifty-two years of age , and lives in Deep Dene House , at the Sydenham end of the road of that name . He has had the reputation of being a man of eccentric habits , secretive and retiring . For some years he has practically withdrawn from the business , in which he is said to have massed considerable wealth . A small timber-yard still exists , however , at the back of the house , and last night , about twelve o'clock , an alarm was given that one of the stacks was on fire . The engines were soon upon the spot , but the dry wood burned with great fury , and it was impossible to arrest the conflagration until the stack had been entirely consumed . Up to this point the incident bore the appearance of an ordinary accident , but fresh indications seem to point to serious crime . Surprise was expressed at the absence of the master of the establishment from the scene of the fire , and an inquiry followed , which showed that he had disappeared from the house . An examination of his room revealed that the bed had not been slept in , that a safe which stood in it was open , that a number of important papers were scattered about the room , and finally , that there were signs of a murderous struggle , slight traces of blood being found within the room , and an oaken walking-stick , which also showed stains of blood upon the handle . It is known that Mr. Jonas Oldacre had received a late visitor in his bedroom upon that night , and the stick found has been identified as the property of this person , who is a young London solicitor named John Hector McFarlane , junior partner of Graham and McFarlane , of 426 Gresham Buildings , E. C . The police believe that they have evidence in their possession which supplies a very convincing motive for the crime , and altogether it cannot be doubted that sensational developments will follow .

" LATER . -- It is rumoured as we go to press that Mr. John Hector McFarlane has actually been arrested on the charge of the murder of Mr. Jonas Oldacre . It is at least certain that a warrant has been issued . There have been further and sinister developments in the investigation at Norwood . Besides the signs of a struggle in the room of the unfortunate builder it is now known that the French windows of his bedroom ( which is on the ground floor ) were found to be open , that there were marks as if some bulky object had been dragged across to the wood-pile , and , finally , it is asserted that charred remains have been found among the charcoal ashes of the fire . The police theory is that a most sensational crime has been committed , that the victim was clubbed to death in his own bedroom , his papers rifled , and his dead body dragged across to the wood-stack , which was then ignited so as to hide all traces of the crime . The conduct of the criminal investigation has been left in the experienced hands of Inspector Lestrade , of Scotland Yard , who is following up the clues with his accustomed energy and sagacity . "

Sherlock Holmes listened with closed eyes and fingertips together to this remarkable account .

" The case has certainly some points of interest , " said he , in his languid fashion . " May I ask , in the first place , Mr. McFarlane , how it is that you are still at liberty , since there appears to be enough evidence to justify your arrest ? "

" I live at Torrington Lodge , Blackheath , with my parents , Mr. Holmes but last night , having to do business very late with Mr. Jonas Oldacre , I stayed at an hotel in Norwood , and came to my business from there . I knew nothing of this affair until I was in the train , when I read what you have just heard . I at once saw the horrible danger of my position , and I hurried to put the case into your hands . I have no doubt that I should have been arrested either at my city office or at my home . A man followed me from London Bridge Station , and I have no doubt Great heaven ! what is that ? "

It was a clang of the bell , followed instantly by heavy steps upon the stair . A moment later , our old friend Lestrade appeared in the doorway . Over his shoulder I caught a glimpse of one or two uniformed policemen outside .

" Mr. John Hector McFarlane ? " said Lestrade .

Our unfortunate client rose with a ghastly face .

" I arrest you for the wilful murder of Mr. Jonas Oldacre , of Lower Norwood . "

McFarlane turned to us with a gesture of despair , and sank into his chair once more like one who is crushed .

" One moment . Lestrade , " said Holmes . " Half an hour more or less can make no difference to you , and the gentleman was about to give us an account of this very interesting affair , which might aid us in clearing it up . "

" I think there will be no difficulty in clearing it up , " said Lestrade , grimly .

" None the less , with your permission , I should be much interested to hear his account . "

" Well , Mr. Holmes , it is difficult for me to refuse you anything , for you have been of use to the force once or twice in the past , and we owe you a good turn at Scotland Yard , " said Lestrade . " At the same time I must remain with my prisoner and I am bound to warn him that anything he may say will appear in evidence against him . "

" I wish nothing better , " said our client . " All I ask is that you should hear and recognize the absolute truth . "

Lestrade looked at his watch . " I'll give you half an hour , " said he .

" I must explain first , " said McFarlane , " that I knew nothing of Mr. Jonas Oldacre . His name was familiar to me , for many years ago my parents were acquainted with him , but they drifted apart . I was very much surprised , therefore , when yesterday , about three o'clock in the afternoon , he walked into my office in the city . But I was still more astonished when he told me the object of his visit . He had in his hand several sheets of a notebook , covered with scribbled writing -- here they are -- and he laid them on my table .

" ' Here is my will , ' said he . ' I want you , Mr. McFarlane , to cast it into proper legal shape . I will sit here while you do so . '

" I set myself to copy it , and you can imagine my astonishment when I found that , with some reservations , he had left all his property to me . He was a strange little ferret-like man , with white eyelashes , and when I looked up at him I found his keen gray eyes fixed upon me with an amused expression . I could hardly believe my own senses as I read the terms of the will , but he explained that he was a bachelor with hardly any living relation , that he had known my parents in his youth , and that he had always heard of me as a very deserving young man , and was assured that his money would be in worthy hands . Of course , I could only stammer out my thanks . The will was duly finished , signed , and witnessed by my clerk . This is it on the blue paper , and these slips , as I have explained , are the rough draft . Mr. Jonas Oldacre then informed me that there were a number of documents -- building leases , title-deeds , mortgages , scrip , and so forth -- which it was necessary that I should see and understand . He said that his mind would not be easy until the whole thing was settled , and he begged me to come out to his house at Norwood that night , bringing the will with me , and to arrange matters . ' Remember , my boy , not one word to your parents about the affair until everything is settled . We will keep it as a little surprise for them . ' He was very insistent upon this point , and made me promise it faithfully .

" You can imagine , Mr. Holmes , that I was not in a humour to refuse him anything that he might ask . He was my benefactor , and all my desire was to carry out his wishes in every particular . I sent a telegram home , therefore , to say that I had important business on hand , and that it was impossible for me to say how late I might be . Mr. Oldacre had told me that he would like me to have supper with him at nine , as he might not be home before that hour . I had some difficulty in finding his house , however , and it was nearly half-past before I reached it . I found him -- "

" One moment ! " said Holmes . " Who opened the door ? "

" A middle-aged woman , who was , I suppose , his housekeeper . "

" And it was she , I presume , who mentioned your name ? "

" Exactly , " said McFarlane .

" Pray proceed . "

McFarlane wiped his damp brow , and then continued his narrative :

" I was shown by this woman into a sitting-room , where a frugal supper was laid out . Afterwards , Mr. Jonas Oldacre led me into his bedroom , in which there stood a heavy safe . This he opened and took out a mass of documents , which we went over together . It was between eleven and twelve when we finished . He remarked that we must not disturb the housekeeper . He showed me out through his own French window , which had been open all this time . "

" Was the blind down ? " asked Holmes .

" I will not be sure , but I believe that it was only half down . Yes , I remember how he pulled it up in order to swing open the window . I could not find my stick , and he said , ' Never mind , my boy , I shall see a good deal of you now , I hope , and I will keep your stick until you come back to claim it . ' I left him there , the safe open , and the papers made up in packets upon the table . It was so late that I could not get back to Blackheath , so I spent the night at the Anerley Arms , and I knew nothing more until I read of this horrible affair in the morning . "

" Anything more that you would like to ask , Mr. Holmes ? " said Lestrade , whose eyebrows had gone up once or twice during this remarkable explanation .

" Not until I have been to Blackheath . "

" You mean to Norwood , " said Lestrade .

" Oh , yes , no doubt that is what I must have meant , " said Holmes , with his enigmatical smile . Lestrade had learned by more experiences than he would care to acknowledge that that razor-like brain could cut through that which was impenetrable to him . I saw him look curiously at my companion .

" I think I should like to have a word with you presently , Mr. Sherlock Holmes , " said he . " Now , Mr. McFarlane , two of my constables are at the door , and there is a four-wheeler waiting . " The wretched young man arose , and with a last beseeching glance at us walked from the room . The officers conducted him to the cab , but Lestrade remained .

Holmes had picked up the pages which formed the rough draft of the will , and was looking at them with the keenest interest upon his face .

" There are some points about that document , Lestrade , are there not ? " said he , pushing them over .

The official looked at them with a puzzled expression .

" I can read the first few lines , and these in the middle of the second page , and one or two at the end . Those are as clear as print , " said he , " but the writing in between is very bad , and there are three places where I cannot read it at all . "

" What do you make of that ? " said Holmes .

" Well , what do you make of it ? "

" That it was written in a train . The good writing represents stations , the bad writing movement , and the very bad writing passing over points . A scientific expert would pronounce at once that this was drawn up on a suburban line , since nowhere save in the immediate vicinity of a great city could there be so quick a succession of points . Granting that his whole journey was occupied in drawing up the will , then the train was an express , only stopping once between Norwood and London Bridge . "

Lestrade began to laugh .

" You are too many for me when you begin to get on your theories . Mr. Holmes , " said he . " How does this bear on the case ? "

" Well , it corroborates the young man's story to the extent that the will was drawn up by Jonas Oldacre in his journey yesterday . It is curious -- is it not ? -- that a man should draw up so important a document in so haphazard a fashion . It suggests that he did not think it was going to be of much practical importance . If a man drew up a will which he did not intend ever to be effective , he might do it so . "

" Well , he drew up his own death warrant at the same time , " said Lestrade .

" Oh , you think so ? "

" Don't you ? "

" Well , it is quite possible , but the case is not clear to me yet . "

" Not clear ? Well , if that isn't clear , what could be clear ? Here is a young man who learns suddenly that , if a certain older man dies , he will succeed to a fortune . What does he do ? He says nothing to anyone , but he arranges that he shall go out on some pretext to see his client that night . He waits until the only other person in the house is in bed , and then in the solitude of a man's room he murders him , burns his body in the wood-pile , and departs to a neighbouring hotel . The blood-stains in the room and also on the stick are very slight . It is probable that he imagined his crime to be a bloodless one , and hoped that if the body were consumed it would hide all traces of the method of his death -- traces which , for some reason , must have pointed to him . Is not all this obvious ? "

" It strikes me , my good Lestrade , as being just a trifle too obvious , " said Holmes . " You do not add imagination to your other great qualities , but if you could for one moment put yourself in the place of this young man , would you choose the very night after the will had been made to commit your crime ? Would it not seem dangerous to you to make so very close a relation between the two incidents ? Again , would you choose an occasion when you are known to be in the house , when a servant has let you in ? And , finally , would you take the great pains to conceal the body , and yet leave your own stick as a sign that you were the criminal ? Confess , Lestrade , that all this is very unlikely . "

" As to the stick , Mr. Holmes , you know as well as I do that a criminal is often flurried , and does such things , which a cool man would avoid . He was very likely afraid to go back to the room . Give me another theory that would fit the facts . "

" I could very easily give you half a dozen , " said Holmes . " Here , for example , is a very possible and even probable one . I make you a free present of it . The older man is showing documents which are of evident value . A passing tramp sees them through the window , the blind of which is only half down . Exit the solicitor . Enter the tramp ! He seizes a stick , which he observes there , kills Oldacre , and departs after burning the body . "

" Why should the tramp burn the body ? "

" For the matter of that , why should McFarlane ? "

" To hide some evidence . "

" Possibly the tramp wanted to hide that any murder at all had been committed . "

" And why did the tramp take nothing ? "

" Because they were papers that he could not negotiate . "

Lestrade shook his head , though it seemed to me that his manner was less absolutely assured than before .

" Well , Mr. Sherlock Holmes , you may look for your tramp , and while you are finding him we will hold on to our man . The future will show which is right . Just notice this point , Mr. Holmes : that so far as we know , none of the papers were removed , and that the prisoner is the one man in the world who had no reason for removing them , since he was heir-at-law , and would come into them in any case . "

My friend seemed struck by this remark .

" I don't mean to deny that the evidence is in some ways very strongly in favour of your theory , " said he . " I only wish to point out that there are other theories possible . As you say , the future will decide . Good-morning ! I dare say that in the course of the day I shall drop in at Norwood and see how you are getting on . "

When the detective departed , my friend rose and made his preparations for the day's work with the alert air of a man who has a congenial task before him .

" My first movement , Watson , " said he , as he bustled into his frockcoat , " must , as I said , be in the direction of Blackheath . "

" And why not Norwood ? "

" Because we have in this case one singular incident coming close to the heels of another singular incident . The police are making the mistake of concentrating their attention upon the second , because it happens to be the one which is actually criminal . But it is evident to me that the logical way to approach the case is to begin by trying to throw some light upon the first incident -- the curious will , so suddenly made , and to so unexpected an heir . It may do something to simplify what followed . No , my dear fellow , I don't think you can help me . There is no prospect of danger , or I should not dream of stirring out without you . I trust that when I see you in the evening , I will be able to report that I have been able to do something for this unfortunate youngster , who has thrown himself upon my protection . "

It was late when my friend returned , and I could see , by a glance at his haggard and anxious face , that the high hopes with which he had started had not been fulfilled . For an hour he droned away upon his violin , endeavouring to soothe his own ruffled spirits . At last he flung down the instrument , and plunged into a detailed account of his misadventures .

" It's all going wrong , Watson -- all as wrong as it can go . I kept a bold face before Lestrade , but , upon my soul , I believe that for once the fellow is on the right track and we are on the wrong . All my instincts are one way , and all the facts are the other , and I much fear that British juries have not yet attained that pitch of intelligence when they will give the preference to my theories over Lestrade's facts . "

" Did you go to Blackheath ? "

" Yes , Watson , I went there , and I found very quickly that the late lamented Oldacre was a pretty considerable blackguard . The father was away in search of his son . The mother was at home -- a little , fluffy , blue-eyed person , in a tremor of fear and indignation . Of course , she would not admit even the possibility of his guilt . But she would not express either surprise or regret over the fate of Oldacre . On the contrary , she spoke of him with such bitterness that she was unconsciously considerably strengthening the case of the police for , of course , if her son had heard her speak of the man in this fashion , it would predispose him towards hatred and violence . ' He was more like a malignant and cunning ape than a human being , ' said she , ' and he always was , ever since he was a young man . '

" ' You knew him at that time ? ' said I .

" ' Yes , I knew him well , in fact , he was an old suitor of mine . Thank heaven that I had the sense to turn away from him and to marry a better , if poorer , man . I was engaged to him . Mr. Holmes , when I heard a shocking story of how he had turned a cat loose in an aviary , and I was so horrified at his brutal cruelty that I would have nothing more to do with him . ' She rummaged in a bureau , and presently she produced a photograph of a woman , shamefully defaced and mutilated with a knife . ' That is my own photograph . ' she said . ' He sent it to me in that state , with his curse , upon my wedding morning . '

" ' Well , ' said I , ' at least he has forgiven you now , since he has left all his property to your son . '

" ' Neither my son nor I want anything from Jonas Oldacre , dead or alive ! ' she cried , with a proper spirit . ' There is a God in heaven , Mr. Holmes , and that same God who has punished that wicked man will show , in His own good time , that my son's hands are guiltless of his blood . '

" Well , I tried one or two leads , but could get at nothing which would help our hypothesis , and several points which would make against it . I gave it up at last , and off I went to Norwood .

" This place , Deep Dene House , is a big modern villa of staring brick , standing back in its own grounds , with a laurel-clumped lawn in front of it . To the right and some distance back from the road was the timber-yard which had been the scene of the fire . Here's a rough plan on a leaf of my notebook . This window on the left is the one which opens into Oldacre's room . You can look into it from the road , you see . That is about the only bit of consolation I have had to-day . Lestrade was not there , but his head constable did the honours . They had just found a great treasure-trove . They had spent the morning raking among the ashes of the burned wood-pile , and besides the charred organic remains they had secured several discoloured metal discs . I examined them with care , and there was no doubt that they were trouser buttons . I even distinguished that one of them was marked with the name of ' Hyams , ' who was Oldacre's tailor . I then worked the lawn very carefully for signs and traces , but this drought has made everything as hard as iron . Nothing was to be seen save that some body or bundle had been dragged through a low privet hedge which is in a line with the wood-pile . All that , of course , fits in with the official theory . I crawled about the lawn with an August sun on my back , but I got up at the end of an hour no wiser than before .

" Well , after this fiasco I went into the bedroom and examined that also . The blood-stains were very slight , mere smears and discolourations , but undoubtedly fresh . The stick had been removed , but there also the marks were slight . There is no doubt about the stick belonging to our client . He admits it . Footmarks of both men could be made out on the carpet , but none of any third person , which again is a trick for the other side . They were piling up their score all the time and we were at a standstill .

" Only one little gleam of hope did I get -- and yet it amounted to nothing . I examined the contents of the safe , most of which had been taken out and left on the table . The papers had been made up into sealed envelopes , one or two of which had been opened by the police . They were not , so far as I could judge , of any great value , nor did the bank-book show that Mr. Oldacre was in such very affluent circumstances . But it seemed to me that all the papers were not there . There were allusions to some deeds -- possibly the more valuable -- which I could not find . This , of course , if we could definitely prove it , would turn Lestrade's argument against himself ; for who would steal a thing if he knew that he would shortly inherit it ?

" Finally , having drawn every other cover and picked up no scent , I tried my luck with the housekeeper . Mrs. Lexington is her name -- a little , dark , silent person , with suspicious and sidelong eyes . She could tell us something if she would -- I am convinced of it . But she was as close as wax . Yes , she had let Mr. McFarlane in at half-past nine . She wished her hand had withered before she had done so . She had gone to bed at half-past ten . Her room was at the other end of the house , and she could hear nothing of what passed . Mr. McFarlane had left his hat , and to the best of her belief his stick , in the hall . She had been awakened by the alarm of fire . Her poor , dear master had certainly been murdered . Had he any enemies ? Well , every man had enemies , but Mr. Oldacre kept himself very much to himself , and only met people in the way of business . She had seen the buttons , and was sure that they belonged to the clothes which he had worn last night . The wood-pile was very dry , for it had not rained for a month . It burned like tinder , and by the time she reached the spot , nothing could be seen but flames . She and all the firemen smelled the burned flesh from inside it . She knew nothing of the papers , nor of Mr. Oldacre's private affairs .

" So , my dear Watson , there's my report of a failure . And yet -- and yet -- " he clenched his thin hands in a paroxysm of conviction -- " I know it's all wrong . I feel it in my bones . There is something that has not come out , and that housekeeper knows it . There was a sort of sulky defiance in her eyes , which only goes with guilty knowledge . However , there's no good talking any more about it , Watson ; but unless some lucky chance comes our way I fear that the Norwood Disappearance Case will not figure in that chronicle of our successes which I foresee that a patient public will sooner or later have to endure . "

" Surely , " said I , " the man's appearance would go far with any jury ? "

" That is a dangerous argument , my dear Watson . You remember that terrible murderer , Bert Stevens , who wanted us to get him off in '87 ? Was there ever a more mild-mannered , Sunday-school young man ? "

" It is true . "

" Unless we succeed in establishing an alternative theory , this man is lost . You can hardly find a flaw in the case which can now be presented against him , and all further investigation has served to strengthen it . By the way , there is one curious little point about those papers which may serve us as the starting-point for an inquiry . On looking over the bank-book I found that the low state of the balance was principally due to large checks which have been made out during the last year to Mr. Cornelius . I confess that I should be interested to know who this Mr. Cornelius may be with whom a retired builder has had such very large transactions . Is it possible that he has had a hand in the affair ? Cornelius might be a broker , but we have found no scrip to correspond with these large payments . Failing any other indication , my researches must now take the direction of an inquiry at the bank for the gentleman who has cashed these checks . But I fear , my dear fellow , that our case will end ingloriously by Lestrade hanging our client , which will certainly be a triumph for Scotland Yard . "

I do not know how far Sherlock Holmes took any sleep that night , but when I came down to breakfast I found him pale and harassed , his bright eyes the brighter for the dark shadows round them . The carpet round his chair was littered with cigarette-ends and with the early editions of the morning papers . An open telegram lay upon the table .

" What do you think of this , Watson ? " he asked , tossing it across .

It was from Norwood , and ran as follows :

Important fresh evidence to hand . McFarlane's guilt definitely established . Advise you to abandon case . LESTRADE .

" This sounds serious , " said I .

" It is Lestrade's little cock-a-doodle of victory , " Holmes answered , with a bitter smile . " And yet it may be premature to abandon the case . After all , important fresh evidence is a two-edged thing , and may possibly cut in a very different direction to that which Lestrade imagines . Take your breakfast , Watson , and we will go out together and see what we can do . I feel as if I shall need your company and your moral support to-day . "

My friend had no breakfast himself , for it was one of his peculiarities that in his more intense moments he would permit himself no food , and I have known him presume upon his iron strength until he has fainted from pure inanition . " At present I cannot spare energy and nerve force for digestion , " he would say in answer to my medical remonstrances . I was not surprised , therefore , when this morning he left his untouched meal behind him , and started with me for Norwood . A crowd of morbid sightseers were still gathered round Deep Dene House , which was just such a suburban villa as I had pictured . Within the gates Lestrade met us , his face flushed with victory , his manner grossly triumphant .

" Well , Mr. Holmes , have you proved us to be wrong yet ? Have you found your tramp ? " he cried .

" I have formed no conclusion whatever , " my companion answered .

" But we formed ours yesterday , and now it proves to be correct , so you must acknowledge that we have been a little in front of you this time , Mr. Holmes . "

" You certainly have the air of something unusual having occurred , " said Holmes .

Lestrade laughed loudly .

" You don't like being beaten any more than the rest of us do , " said he . " A man can't expect always to have it his own way , can he , Dr. Watson ? Step this way , if you please , gentlemen , and I think I can convince you once for all that it was John McFarlane who did this crime . "

He led us through the passage and out into a dark hall beyond .

" This is where young McFarlane must have come out to get his hat after the crime was done , " said he . " Now look at this . " With dramatic suddenness he struck a match , and by its light exposed a stain of blood upon the whitewashed wall . As he held the match nearer , I saw that it was more than a stain . It was the well-marked print of a thumb .

" Look at that with your magnifying glass , Mr. Holmes . "

" Yes , I am doing so . "

" You are aware that no two thumb-marks are alike ? "

" I have heard something of the kind . "

" Well , then , will you please compare that print with this wax impression of young McFarlane's right thumb , taken by my orders this morning ? "

As he held the waxen print close to the blood-stain , it did not take a magnifying glass to see that the two were undoubtedly from the same thumb . It was evident to me that our unfortunate client was lost .

" That is final , " said Lestrade .

" Yes , that is final , " I involuntarily echoed .

" It is final , " said Holmes .

Something in his tone caught my ear , and I turned to look at him . An extraordinary change had come over his face . It was writhing with inward merriment . His two eyes were shining like stars . It seemed to me that he was making desperate efforts to restrain a convulsive attack of laughter .

" Dear me ! Dear me ! " he said at last . " Well , now , who would have thought it ? And how deceptive appearances may be , to be sure ! Such a nice young man to look at ! It is a lesson to us not to trust our own judgment , is it not , Lestrade ? "

" Yes , some of us are a little too much inclined to be cocksure , Mr. Holmes , " said Lestrade . The man's insolence was maddening , but we could not resent it .

" What a providential thing that this young man should press his right thumb against the wall in taking his hat from the peg ! Such a very natural action , too , if you come to think if it . " Holmes was outwardly calm , but his whole body gave a wriggle of suppressed excitement as he spoke .

" By the way , Lestrade , who made this remarkable discovery ? "

" It was the housekeeper , Mrs. Lexington , who drew the night constable's attention to it . "

" Where was the night constable ? "

" He remained on guard in the bedroom where the crime was committed , so as to see that nothing was touched . "

" But why didn't the police see this mark yesterday ? "

" Well , we had no particular reason to make a careful examination of the hall . Besides , it's not in a very prominent place , as you see . "

" No , no -- of course not . I suppose there is no doubt that the mark was there yesterday ? "

Lestrade looked at Holmes as if he thought he was going out of his mind . I confess that I was myself surprised both at his hilarious manner and at his rather wild observation .

" I don't know whether you think that McFarlane came out of jail in the dead of the night in order to strengthen the evidence against himself , " said Lestrade . " I leave it to any expert in the world whether that is not the mark of his thumb . "

" It is unquestionably the mark of his thumb . "

" There , that's enough , " said Lestrade . " I am a practical man , Mr. Holmes , and when I have got my evidence I come to my conclusions . If you have anything to say , you will find me writing my report in the sitting-room . "

Holmes had recovered his equanimity , though I still seemed to detect gleams of amusement in his expression .

" Dear me , this is a very sad development , Watson , is it not ? " said he . " And yet there are singular points about it which hold out some hopes for our client . "

" I am delighted to hear it , " said I , heartily . " I was afraid it was all up with him . "

" I would hardly go so far as to say that , my dear Watson . The fact is that there is one really serious flaw in this evidence to which our friend attaches so much importance . "

" Indeed , Holmes ! What is it ? "

" Only this : that I know that that mark was not there when I examined the hall yesterday . And now , Watson , let us have a little stroll round in the sunshine . "

With a confused brain , but with a heart into which some warmth of hope was returning , I accompanied my friend in a walk round the garden . Holmes took each face of the house in turn , and examined it with great interest . He then led the way inside , and went over the whole building from basement to attic . Most of the rooms were unfurnished , but none the less Holmes inspected them all minutely . Finally , on the top corridor , which ran outside three untenanted bedrooms , he again was seized with a spasm of merriment .

" There are really some very unique features about this case , Watson , " said he . " I think it is time now that we took our friend Lestrade into our confidence . He has had his little smile at our expense , and perhaps we may do as much by him , if my reading of this problem proves to be correct . Yes , yes , I think I see how we should approach it . "

The Scotland Yard inspector was still writing in the parlour when Holmes interrupted him .

" I understood that you were writing a report of this case , " said he .

" So I am . "

" Don't you think it may be a little premature ? I can't help thinking that your evidence is not complete . "

Lestrade knew my friend too well to disregard his words . He laid down his pen and looked curiously at him .

" What do you mean , Mr. Holmes ? "

" Only that there is an important witness whom you have not seen . "

" Can you produce him ? "

" I think I can . "

" Then do so . "

" I will do my best . How many constables have you ? "

" There are three within call . "

" Excellent ! " said Holmes . " May I ask if they are all large , able-bodied men with powerful voices ? "

" I have no doubt they are , though I fail to see what their voices have to do with it . "

" Perhaps I can help you to see that and one or two other things as well , " said Holmes . " Kindly summon your men , and I will try . "

Five minutes later , three policemen had assembled in the hall .

" In the outhouse you will find a considerable quantity of straw , " said Holmes . " I will ask you to carry in two bundles of it . I think it will be of the greatest assistance in producing the witness whom I require . Thank you very much . I believe you have some matches in your pocket , Watson . Now , Mr. Lestrade , I will ask you all to accompany me to the top landing . "

As I have said , there was a broad corridor there , which ran outside three empty bedrooms . At one end of the corridor we were all marshalled by Sherlock Holmes , the constables grinning and Lestrade staring at my friend with amazement , expectation , and derision chasing each other across his features . Holmes stood before us with the air of a conjurer who is performing a trick .

" Would you kindly send one of your constables for two buckets of water ? Put the straw on the floor here , free from the wall on either side . Now I think that we are all ready . "

Lestrade's face had begun to grow red and angry .

" I don't know whether you are playing a game with us , Mr. Sherlock Holmes , " said he . " If you know anything , you can surely say it without all this tomfoolery . "

" I assure you , my good Lestrade , that I have an excellent reason for everything that I do . You may possibly remember that you chaffed me a little , some hours ago , when the sun seemed on your side of the hedge , so you must not grudge me a little pomp and ceremony now . Might I ask you , Watson , to open that window , and then to put a match to the edge of the straw ? "

I did so , and driven by the draught , a coil of gray smoke swirled down the corridor , while the dry straw crackled and flamed .

" Now we must see if we can find this witness for you , Lestrade . Might I ask you all to join in the cry of ' Fire ! ' ? Now then ; one , two , three -- "

" Fire ! " we all yelled .

" Thank you . I will trouble you once again . "

" Fire ! "

" Just once more , gentlemen , and all together . "

" Fire ! " The shout must have rung over Norwood .

It had hardly died away when an amazing thing happened . A door suddenly flew open out of what appeared to be solid wall at the end of the corridor , and a little , wizened man darted out of it like a rabbit out of its burrow .

" Capital ! " said Holmes , calmly . " Watson , a bucket of water over the straw . That will do ! Lestrade , allow me to present you with your principal missing witness , Mr. Jonas Oldacre . "

The detective stared at the newcomer with blank amazement . The latter was blinking in the bright light of the corridor , and peering at us and at the smouldering fire . It was an odious face -- crafty , vicious , malignant , with shifty , light-gray eyes and white lashes .

" What's this , then ? " said Lestrade , at last . " What have you been doing all this time , eh ? "

Oldacre gave an uneasy laugh , shrinking back from the furious red face of the angry detective .

" I have done no harm . "

" No harm ? You have done your best to get an innocent man hanged . If it wasn't for this gentleman here , I am not sure that you would not have succeeded . "

The wretched creature began to whimper .

" I am sure , sir , it was only my practical joke . "

" Oh ! a joke , was it ? You won't find the laugh on your side , I promise you . Take him down , and keep him in the sitting-room until I come . Mr. Holmes , " he continued , when they had gone , " I could not speak before the constables , but I don't mind saying , in the presence of Dr. Watson , that this is the brightest thing that you have done yet , though it is a mystery to me how you did it . You have saved an innocent man's life , and you have prevented a very grave scandal , which would have ruined my reputation in the Force . "

Holmes smiled , and clapped Lestrade upon the shoulder .

" Instead of being ruined , my good sir , you will find that your reputation has been enormously enhanced . Just make a few alterations in that report which you were writing , and they will understand how hard it is to throw dust in the eyes of Inspector Lestrade . "

" And you don't want your name to appear ? "

" Not at all . The work is its own reward . Perhaps I shall get the credit also at some distant day , when I permit my zealous historian to lay out his foolscap once more -- eh , Watson ? Well , now , let us see where this rat has been lurking . "

A lath-and-plaster partition had been run across the passage six feet from the end , with a door cunningly concealed in it . It was lit within by slits under the eaves . A few articles of furniture and a supply of food and water were within , together with a number of books and papers .

" There's the advantage of being a builder , " said Holmes , as we came out . " He was able to fix up his own little hiding-place without any confederate -- save , of course , that precious housekeeper of his , whom I should lose no time in adding to your bag , Lestrade . "

" I'll take your advice . But how did you know of this place , Mr. Holmes ? "

" I made up my mind that the fellow was in hiding in the house . When I paced one corridor and found it six feet shorter than the corresponding one below , it was pretty clear where he was . I thought he had not the nerve to lie quiet before an alarm of fire . We could , of course , have gone in and taken him , but it amused me to make him reveal himself . Besides , I owed you a little mystification , Lestrade , for your chaff in the morning . "

" Well , sir , you certainly got equal with me on that . But how in the world did you know that he was in the house at all ? "

" The thumb-mark , Lestrade . You said it was final ; and so it was , in a very different sense . I knew it had not been there the day before . I pay a good deal of attention to matters of detail , as you may have observed , and I had examined the hall , and was sure that the wall was clear . Therefore , it had been put on during the night . "

" But how ? "

" Very simply . When those packets were sealed up , Jonas Oldacre got McFarlane to secure one of the seals by putting his thumb upon the soft wax . It would be done so quickly and so naturally , that I daresay the young man himself has no recollection of it . Very likely it just so happened , and Oldacre had himself no notion of the use he would put it to . Brooding over the case in that den of his , it suddenly struck him what absolutely damning evidence he could make against McFarlane by using that thumb-mark . It was the simplest thing in the world for him to take a wax impression from the seal , to moisten it in as much blood as he could get from a pin-prick , and to put the mark upon the wall during the night , either with his own hand or with that of his housekeeper . If you examine among those documents which he took with him into his retreat , I will lay you a wager that you find the seal with the thumbmark upon it . "

" Wonderful ! " said Lestrade . " Wonderful ! It's all as clear as crystal , as you put it . But what is the object of this deep deception , Mr. Holmes ? "

It was amusing to me to see how the detective's overbearing manner had changed suddenly to that of a child asking questions of its teacher .

" Well , I don't think that is very hard to explain . A very deep , malicious , vindictive person is the gentleman who is now waiting us downstairs . You know that he was once refused by McFarlane's mother ? You don't ! I told you that you should go to Blackheath first and Norwood afterwards . Well , this injury , as he would consider it , has rankled in his wicked , scheming brain , and all his life he has longed for vengeance , but never seen his chance . During the last year or two , things have gone against him -- secret speculation , I think -- and he finds himself in a bad way . He determines to swindle his creditors , and for this purpose he pays large checks to a certain Mr. Cornelius , who is , I imagine , himself under another name . I have not traced these checks yet , but I have no doubt that they were banked under that name at some provincial town where Oldacre from time to time led a double existence . He intended to change his name altogether , draw this money , and vanish , starting life again elsewhere . "

" Well , that's likely enough . "

" It would strike him that in disappearing he might throw all pursuit off his track , and at the same time have an ample and crushing revenge upon his old sweetheart , if he could give the impression that he had been murdered by her only child . It was a masterpiece of villainy , and he carried it out like a master . The idea of the will , which would give an obvious motive for the crime , the secret visit unknown to his own parents , the retention of the stick , the blood , and the animal remains and buttons in the wood-pile , all were admirable . It was a net from which it seemed to me , a few hours ago , that there was no possible escape . But he had not that supreme gift of the artist , the knowledge of when to stop . He wished to improve that which was already perfect -- to draw the rope tighter yet round the neck of his unfortunate victim -- and so he ruined all . Let us descend , Lestrade . There are just one or two questions that I would ask him . "

The malignant creature was seated in his own parlour , with a policeman upon each side of him .

" It was a joke , my good sir -- a practical joke , nothing more , " he whined incessantly . " I assure you , sir , that I simply concealed myself in order to see the effect of my disappearance , and I am sure that you would not be so unjust as to imagine that I would have allowed any harm to befall poor young Mr. McFarlane . "

" That's for a jury to decide , " said Lestrade . " Anyhow , we shall have you on a charge of conspiracy , if not for attempted murder . "

" And you'll probably find that your creditors will impound the banking account of Mr. Cornelius , " said Holmes .

The little man started , and turned his malignant eyes upon my friend .

" I have to thank you for a good deal , " said he . " Perhaps I'll pay my debt some day . "

Holmes smiled indulgently .

" I fancy that , for some few years , you will find your time very fully occupied , " said he . " By the way , what was it you put into the wood-pile besides your old trousers ? A dead dog , or rabbits , or what ? You won't tell ? Dear me , how very unkind of you ! Well , well , I daresay that a couple of rabbits would account both for the blood and for the charred ashes . If ever you write an account , Watson , you can make rabbits serve your turn . "

We have had some dramatic entrances and exits upon our small stage at Baker Street , but I cannot recollect anything more sudden and startling than the first appearance of Thorneycroft Huxtable , M.A. , Ph.D. , etc . His card , which seemed too small to carry the weight of his academic distinctions , preceded him by a few seconds , and then he entered himself -- so large , so pompous , and so dignified that he was the very embodiment of self-possession and solidity . And yet his first action , when the door had closed behind him , was to stagger against the table , whence he slipped down upon the floor , and there was that majestic figure prostrate and insensible upon our bearskin hearthrug .

We had sprung to our feet , and for a few moments we stared in silent amazement at this ponderous piece of wreckage , which told of some sudden and fatal storm far out on the ocean of life . Then Holmes hurried with a cushion for his head , and I with brandy for his lips . The heavy , white face was seamed with lines of trouble , the hanging pouches under the closed eyes were leaden in colour , the loose mouth drooped dolorously at the corners , the rolling chins were unshaven . Collar and shirt bore the grime of a long journey , and the hair bristled unkempt from the well-shaped head . It was a sorely stricken man who lay before us .

" What is it , Watson ? " asked Holmes .

" Absolute exhaustion -- possibly mere hunger and fatigue , " said I , with my finger on the thready pulse , where the stream of life trickled thin and small .

" Return ticket from Mackleton , in the north of England , " said Holmes , drawing it from the watch-pocket . " It is not twelve o'clock yet . He has certainly been an early starter . "

The puckered eyelids had begun to quiver , and now a pair of vacant gray eyes looked up at us . An instant later the man had scrambled on to his feet , his face crimson with shame .

" Forgive this weakness , Mr. Holmes , I have been a little overwrought . Thank you , if I might have a glass of milk and a biscuit , I have no doubt that I should be better . I came personally , Mr. Holmes , in order to insure that you would return with me . I feared that no telegram would convince you of the absolute urgency of the case . "

" When you are quite restored -- "

" I am quite well again . I cannot imagine how I came to be so weak . I wish you , Mr. Holmes , to come to Mackleton with me by the next train . "

My friend shook his head .

" My colleague , Dr. Watson , could tell you that we are very busy at present . I am retained in this case of the Ferrers Documents , and the Abergavenny murder is coming up for trial . Only a very important issue could call me from London at present . "

" Important ! " Our visitor threw up his hands . " Have you heard nothing of the abduction of the only son of the Duke of Holdernesse ? "

" What ! the late Cabinet Minister ? "

" Exactly . We had tried to keep it out of the papers , but there was some rumour in the Globe last night . I thought it might have reached your ears . "

Holmes shot out his long , thin arm and picked out Volume " H " in his encyclopaedia of reference .

" ' Holdernesse , 6th Duke , K.G. , P.C. ' -- half the alphabet ! ' Baron Beverley , Earl of Carston ' -- dear me , what a list ! ' Lord Lieutenant of Hallamshire since 1900 . Married Edith , daughter of Sir Charles Appledore , 1888 . Heir and only child , Lord Saltire . Owns about two hundred and fifty thousand acres . Minerals in Lancashire and Wales . Address : Carlton House Terrace ; Holdernesse Hall , Hallamshire ; Carston Castle , Bangor , Wales . Lord of the Admiralty , 1872 ; Chief Secretary of State for -- ' Well , well , this man is certainly one of the greatest subjects of the Crown ! "

" The greatest and perhaps the wealthiest . I am aware , Mr. Holmes , that you take a very high line in professional matters , and that you are prepared to work for the work's sake . I may tell you , however , that his Grace has already intimated that a check for five thousand pounds will be handed over to the person who can tell him where his son is , and another thousand to him who can name the man or men who have taken him . "

" It is a princely offer , " said Holmes . " Watson , I think that we shall accompany Dr. Huxtable back to the north of England . And now , Dr. Huxtable , when you have consumed that milk , you will kindly tell me what has happened , when it happened , how it happened , and , finally , what Dr. Thorneycroft Huxtable , of the Priory School , near Mackleton , has to do with the matter , and why he comes three days after an event -- the state of your chin gives the date -- to ask for my humble services . "

Our visitor had consumed his milk and biscuits . The light had come back to his eyes and the colour to his cheeks , as he set himself with great vigour and lucidity to explain the situation .

" I must inform you , gentlemen , that the Priory is a preparatory school , of which I am the founder and principal . Huxtable's Sidelights on Horace may possibly recall my name to your memories . The Priory is , without exception , the best and most select preparatory school in England . Lord Leverstoke , the Earl of Blackwater , Sir Cathcart Soames -- they all have intrusted their sons to me . But I felt that my school had reached its zenith when , three weeks ago , the Duke of Holdernesse sent Mr. James Wilder , his secretary , with the intimation that young Lord Saltire , ten years old , his only son and heir , was about to be committed to my charge . Little did I think that this would be the prelude to the most crushing misfortune of my life .

" On May 1st the boy arrived , that being the beginning of the summer term . He was a charming youth , and he soon fell into our ways . I may tell you -- I trust that I am not indiscreet , but half-confidences are absurd in such a case -- that he was not entirely happy at home . It is an open secret that the Duke's married life had not been a peaceful one , and the matter had ended in a separation by mutual consent , the Duchess taking up her residence in the south of France . This had occurred very shortly before , and the boy's sympathies are known to have been strongly with his mother . He moped after her departure from Holdernesse Hall , and it was for this reason that the Duke desired to send him to my establishment . In a fortnight the boy was quite at home with us and was apparently absolutely happy .

" He was last seen on the night of May 13th -- that is , the night of last Monday . His room was on the second floor and was approached through another larger room , in which two boys were sleeping . These boys saw and heard nothing , so that it is certain that young Saltire did not pass out that way . His window was open , and there is a stout ivy plant leading to the ground . We could trace no footmarks below , but it is sure that this is the only possible exit .

" His absence was discovered at seven o'clock on Tuesday morning . His bed had been slept in . He had dressed himself fully , before going off , in his usual school suit of black Eton jacket and dark gray trousers . There were no signs that anyone had entered the room , and it is quite certain that anything in the nature of cries or a struggle would have been heard , since Caunter , the elder boy in the inner room , is a very light sleeper .

" When Lord Saltire's disappearance was discovered , I at once called a roll of the whole establishment -- boys , masters , and servants . It was then that we ascertained that Lord Saltire had not been alone in his flight . Heidegger , the German master , was missing . His room was on the second floor , at the farther end of the building , facing the same way as Lord Saltire's . His bed had also been slept in , but he had apparently gone away partly dressed , since his shirt and socks were lying on the floor . He had undoubtedly let himself down by the ivy , for we could see the marks of his feet where he had landed on the lawn . His bicycle was kept in a small shed beside this lawn , and it also was gone .

" He had been with me for two years , and came with the best references , but he was a silent , morose man , not very popular either with masters or boys . No trace could be found of the fugitives , and now , on Thursday morning , we are as ignorant as we were on Tuesday . Inquiry was , of course , made at once at Holdernesse Hall . It is only a few miles away , and we imagined that , in some sudden attack of homesickness , he had gone back to his father , but nothing had been heard of him . The Duke is greatly agitated , and , as to me , you have seen yourselves the state of nervous prostration to which the suspense and the responsibility have reduced me . Mr. Holmes , if ever you put forward your full powers , I implore you to do so now , for never in your life could you have a case which is more worthy of them . "

Sherlock Holmes had listened with the utmost intentness to the statement of the unhappy schoolmaster . His drawn brows and the deep furrow between them showed that he needed no exhortation to concentrate all his attention upon a problem which , apart from the tremendous interests involved , must appeal so directly to his love of the complex and the unusual . He now drew out his notebook and jotted down one or two memoranda .

" You have been very remiss in not coming to me sooner , " said he , severely . " You start me on my investigation with a very serious handicap . It is inconceivable for example , that this ivy and this lawn would have yielded nothing to an expert observer . "

" I am not to blame , Mr. Holmes . His Grace was extremely desirous to avoid all public scandal . He was afraid of his family unhappiness being dragged before the world . He has a deep horror of anything of the kind . "

" But there has been some official investigation ? "

" Yes , sir , and it has proved most disappointing . An apparent clue was at once obtained , since a boy and a young man were reported to have been seen leaving a neighbouring station by an early train . Only last night we had news that the couple had been hunted down in Liverpool , and they prove to have no connection whatever with the matter in hand . Then it was that in my despair and disappointment , after a sleepless night , I came straight to you by the early train . "

" I suppose the local investigation was relaxed while this false clue was being followed up ? "

" It was entirely dropped . "

" So that three days have been wasted . The affair has been most deplorably handled . "

" I feel it and admit it . "

" And yet the problem should be capable of ultimate solution . I shall be very happy to look into it . Have you been able to trace any connection between the missing boy and this German master ? "

" None at all . "

" Was he in the master's class ? "

" No , he never exchanged a word with him , so far as I know . "

" That is certainly very singular . Had the boy a bicycle ? "

" No . "

" Was any other bicycle missing ? "

" No . "

" Is that certain ? "

" Quite . "

" Well , now , you do not mean to seriously suggest that this German rode off upon a bicycle in the dead of the night , bearing the boy in his arms ? "

" Certainly not . "

" Then what is the theory in your mind ? "

" The bicycle may have been a blind . It may have been hidden somewhere , and the pair gone off on foot . "

" Quite so , but it seems rather an absurd blind , does it not ? Were there other bicycles in this shed ? "

" Several . "

" Would he not have hidden a couple , had he desired to give the idea that they had gone off upon them ? "

" I suppose he would . "

" Of course he would . The blind theory won't do . But the incident is an admirable starting-point for an investigation . After all , a bicycle is not an easy thing to conceal or to destroy . One other question . Did anyone call to see the boy on the day before he disappeared ? "

" No . "

" Did he get any letters ? "

" Yes , one letter . "

" From whom ? "

" From his father . "

" Do you open the boys' letters ? "

" No . "

" How do you know it was from the father ? "

" The coat of arms was on the envelope , and it was addressed in the Duke's peculiar stiff hand . Besides , the Duke remembers having written . "

" When had he a letter before that ? "

" Not for several days . "

" Had he ever one from France ? "

" No , never . "

" You see the point of my questions , of course . Either the boy was carried off by force or he went of his own free will . In the latter case , you would expect that some prompting from outside would be needed to make so young a lad do such a thing . If he has had no visitors , that prompting must have come in letters ; hence I try to find out who were his correspondents . "

" I fear I cannot help you much . His only correspondent , so far as I know , was his own father . "

" Who wrote to him on the very day of his disappearance . Were the relations between father and son very friendly ? "

" His Grace is never very friendly with anyone . He is completely immersed in large public questions , and is rather inaccessible to all ordinary emotions . But he was always kind to the boy in his own way . "

" But the sympathies of the latter were with the mother ? "

" Yes . "

" Did he say so ? "

" No . "

" The Duke , then ? "

" Good heaven , no ! "

" Then how could you know ? "

" I have had some confidential talks with Mr. James Wilder , his Grace's secretary . It was he who gave me the information about Lord Saltire's feelings . "

" I see . By the way , that last letter of the Duke's -- was it found in the boy's room after he was gone ? "

" No , he had taken it with him . I think , Mr. Holmes , it is time that we were leaving for Euston . "

" I will order a four-wheeler . In a quarter of an hour , we shall be at your service . If you are telegraphing home , Mr. Huxtable , it would be well to allow the people in your neighbourhood to imagine that the inquiry is still going on in Liverpool , or wherever else that red herring led your pack . In the meantime I will do a little quiet work at your own doors , and perhaps the scent is not so cold but that two old hounds like Watson and myself may get a sniff of it . "

That evening found us in the cold , bracing atmosphere of the Peak country , in which Dr. Huxtable's famous school is situated . It was already dark when we reached it . A card was lying on the hall table , and the butler whispered something to his master , who turned to us with agitation in every heavy feature .

" The Duke is here , " said he . " The Duke and Mr. Wilder are in the study . Come , gentlemen , and I will introduce you . "

I was , of course , familiar with the pictures of the famous statesman , but the man himself was very different from his representation . He was a tall and stately person , scrupulously dressed , with a drawn , thin face , and a nose which was grotesquely curved and long . His complexion was of a dead pallor , which was more startling by contrast with a long , dwindling beard of vivid red , which flowed down over his white waistcoat , with his watch-chain gleaming through its fringe . Such was the stately presence who looked stonily at us from the centre of Dr. Huxtable's hearthrug . Beside him stood a very young man , whom I understood to be Wilder , the private secretary . He was small , nervous , alert , with intelligent light-blue eyes and mobile features . It was he who at once , in an incisive and positive tone , opened the conversation .

" I called this morning , Dr. Huxtable , too late to prevent you from starting for London . I learned that your object was to invite Mr. Sherlock Holmes to undertake the conduct of this case . His Grace is surprised , Dr. Huxtable , that you should have taken such a step without consulting him . "

" When I learned that the police had failed -- "

" His Grace is by no means convinced that the police have failed . "

" But surely , Mr. Wilder -- "

" You are well aware , Dr. Huxtable , that his Grace is particularly anxious to avoid all public scandal . He prefers to take as few people as possible into his confidence . "

" The matter can be easily remedied , " said the browbeaten doctor ; " Mr. Sherlock Holmes can return to London by the morning train . "

" Hardly that , Doctor , hardly that , " said Holmes , in his blandest voice . " This northern air is invigorating and pleasant , so I propose to spend a few days upon your moors , and to occupy my mind as best I may . Whether I have the shelter of your roof or of the village inn is , of course , for you to decide . "

I could see that the unfortunate doctor was in the last stage of indecision , from which he was rescued by the deep , sonorous voice of the red-bearded Duke , which boomed out like a dinner-gong .

" I agree with Mr. Wilder , Dr. Huxtable , that you would have done wisely to consult me . But since Mr. Holmes has already been taken into your confidence , it would indeed be absurd that we should not avail ourselves of his services . Far from going to the inn , Mr. Holmes , I should be pleased if you would come and stay with me at Holdernesse Hall . "

" I thank your Grace . For the purposes of my investigation , I think that it would be wiser for me to remain at the scene of the mystery . "

" Just as you like , Mr. Holmes . Any information which Mr. Wilder or I can give you is , of course , at your disposal . "

" It will probably be necessary for me to see you at the Hall , " said Holmes . " I would only ask you now , sir , whether you have formed any explanation in your own mind as to the mysterious disappearance of your son ? "

" No , sir , I have not . "

" Excuse me if I allude to that which is painful to you , but I have no alternative . Do you think that the Duchess had anything to do with the matter ? "

The great minister showed perceptible hesitation .

" I do not think so , " he said , at last .

" The other most obvious explanation is that the child has been kidnapped for the purpose of levying ransom . You have not had any demand of the sort ? "

" No , sir . "

" One more question , your Grace . I understand that you wrote to your son upon the day when this incident occurred . "

" No , I wrote upon the day before . "

" Exactly . But he received it on that day ? "

" Yes . "

" Was there anything in your letter which might have unbalanced him or induced him to take such a step ? "

" No , sir , certainly not . "

" Did you post that letter yourself ? "

The nobleman's reply was interrupted by his secretary , who broke in with some heat .

" His Grace is not in the habit of posting letters himself , " said he . " This letter was laid with others upon the study table , and I myself put them in the post-bag . "

" You are sure this one was among them ? "

" Yes , I observed it . "

" How many letters did your Grace write that day ? "

" Twenty or thirty . I have a large correspondence . But surely this is somewhat irrelevant ? "

" Not entirely , " said Holmes .

" For my own part , " the Duke continued , " I have advised the police to turn their attention to the south of France . I have already said that I do not believe that the Duchess would encourage so monstrous an action , but the lad had the most wrong-headed opinions , and it is possible that he may have fled to her , aided and abetted by this German . I think , Dr. Huxtable , that we will now return to the Hall . "

I could see that there were other questions which Holmes would have wished to put , but the nobleman's abrupt manner showed that the interview was at an end . It was evident that to his intensely aristocratic nature this discussion of his intimate family affairs with a stranger was most abhorrent , and that he feared lest every fresh question would throw a fiercer light into the discreetly shadowed corners of his ducal history .

When the nobleman and his secretary had left , my friend flung himself at once with characteristic eagerness into the investigation .

The boy's chamber was carefully examined , and yielded nothing save the absolute conviction that it was only through the window that he could have escaped . The German master's room and effects gave no further clue . In his case a trailer of ivy had given way under his weight , and we saw by the light of a lantern the mark on the lawn where his heels had come down . That one dint in the short , green grass was the only material witness left of this inexplicable nocturnal flight .

Sherlock Holmes left the house alone , and only returned after eleven . He had obtained a large ordnance map of the neighbourhood , and this he brought into my room , where he laid it out on the bed , and , having balanced the lamp in the middle of it , he began to smoke over it , and occasionally to point out objects of interest with the reeking amber of his pipe .

" This case grows upon me , Watson , " said he . " There are decidedly some points of interest in connection with it . In this early stage , I want you to realize those geographical features which may have a good deal to do with our investigation . illustration missing

" Look at this map . This dark square is the Priory School . I'll put a pin in it . Now , this line is the main road . You see that it runs east and west past the school , and you see also that there is no side road for a mile either way . If these two folk passed away by road , it was this road . "

" Exactly . "

" By a singular and happy chance , we are able to some extent to check what passed along this road during the night in question . At this point , where my pipe is now resting , a county constable was on duty from twelve to six . It is , as you perceive , the first cross-road on the east side . This man declares that he was not absent from his post for an instant , and he is positive that neither boy nor man could have gone that way unseen . I have spoken with this policeman to-night , and he appears to me to be a perfectly reliable person . That blocks this end . We have now to deal with the other . There is an inn here , the Red Bull , the landlady of which was ill . She had sent to Mackleton for a doctor , but he did not arrive until morning , being absent at another case . The people at the inn were alert all night , awaiting his coming , and one or other of them seems to have continually had an eye upon the road . They declare that no one passed . If their evidence is good , then we are fortunate enough to be able to block the west , and also to be able to say that the fugitives did not use the road at all . "

" But the bicycle ? " I objected .

" Quite so . We will come to the bicycle presently . To continue our reasoning : if these people did not go by the road , they must have traversed the country to the north of the house or to the south of the house . That is certain . Let us weigh the one against the other . On the south of the house is , as you perceive , a large district of arable land , cut up into small fields , with stone walls between them . There , I admit that a bicycle is impossible . We can dismiss the idea . We turn to the country on the north . Here there lies a grove of trees , marked as the ' Ragged Shaw , ' and on the farther side stretches a great rolling moor , Lower Gill Moor , extending for ten miles and sloping gradually upward . Here , at one side of this wilderness , is Holdernesse Hall , ten miles by road , but only six across the moor . It is a peculiarly desolate plain . A few moor farmers have small holdings , where they rear sheep and cattle . Except these , the plover and the curlew are the only inhabitants until you come to the Chesterfield high road . There is a church there , you see , a few cottages , and an inn . Beyond that the hills become precipitous . Surely it is here to the north that our quest must lie . "

" But the bicycle ? " I persisted .

" Well , well ! " said Holmes , impatiently . " A good cyclist does not need a high road . The moor is intersected with paths , and the moon was at the full . Halloa ! what is this ? "

There was an agitated knock at the door , and an instant afterwards Dr. Huxtable was in the room . In his hand he held a blue cricket-cap with a white chevron on the peak .

" At last we have a clue ! " he cried . " Thank heaven ! at last we are on the dear boy's track ! It is his cap . "

" Where was it found ? "

" In the van of the gipsies who camped on the moor . They left on Tuesday . To-day the police traced them down and examined their caravan . This was found . "

" How do they account for it ? "

" They shuffled and lied -- said that they found it on the moor on Tuesday morning . They know where he is , the rascals ! Thank goodness , they are all safe under lock and key . Either the fear of the law or the Duke's purse will certainly get out of them all that they know . "

" So far , so good , " said Holmes , when the doctor had at last left the room . " It at least bears out the theory that it is on the side of the Lower Gill Moor that we must hope for results . The police have really done nothing locally , save the arrest of these gipsies . Look here , Watson ! There is a watercourse across the moor . You see it marked here in the map . In some parts it widens into a morass . This is particularly so in the region between Holdernesse Hall and the school . It is vain to look elsewhere for tracks in this dry weather , but at that point there is certainly a chance of some record being left . I will call you early to-morrow morning , and you and I will try if we can throw some little light upon the mystery . "

The day was just breaking when I woke to find the long , thin form of Holmes by my bedside . He was fully dressed , and had apparently already been out .

" I have done the lawn and the bicycle shed , " said he . " I have also had a ramble through the Ragged Shaw . Now , Watson there is cocoa ready in the next room . I must beg you to hurry , for we have a great day before us . "

His eyes shone , and his cheek was flushed with the exhilaration of the master workman who sees his work lie ready before him . A very different Holmes , this active , alert man , from the introspective and pallid dreamer of Baker Street . I felt , as I looked upon that supple figure , alive with nervous energy , that it was indeed a strenuous day that awaited us .

And yet it opened in the blackest disappointment . With high hopes we struck across the peaty , russet moor , intersected with a thousand sheep paths , until we came to the broad , light-green belt which marked the morass between us and Holdernesse . Certainly , if the lad had gone homeward , he must have passed this , and he could not pass it without leaving his traces . But no sign of him or the German could be seen . With a darkening face my friend strode along the margin , eagerly observant of every muddy stain upon the mossy surface . Sheep-marks there were in profusion , and at one place , some miles down , cows had left their tracks . Nothing more .

" Check number one , " said Holmes , looking gloomily over the rolling expanse of the moor . " There is another morass down yonder , and a narrow neck between . Halloa ! halloa ! halloa ! what have we here ? "

We had come on a small black ribbon of pathway . In the middle of it , clearly marked on the sodden soil , was the track of a bicycle .

" Hurrah ! " I cried . " We have it . "

But Holmes was shaking his head , and his face was puzzled and expectant rather than joyous .

" A bicycle , certainly , but not the bicycle " said he . " I am familiar with forty-two different impressions left by tyres . This as you perceive , is a Dunlop , with a patch upon the outer cover . Heidegger's tyres were Palmer's , leaving longitudinal stripes . Aveling , the mathematical master , was sure upon the point . Therefore , it is not Heidegger's track . "

" The boy's then ? "

" Possibly , if we could prove a bicycle to have been in his possession . But this we have utterly failed to do . This track , as you perceive , was made by a rider who was going from the direction of the school . "

" Or towards it ? "

" No , no , my dear Watson . The more deeply sunk impression is , of course , the hind wheel , upon which the weight rests . You perceive several places where it has passed across and obliterated the more shallow mark of the front one . It was undoubtedly heading away from the school . It may or may not be connected with our inquiry , but we will follow it backwards before we go any farther . "

We did so , and at the end of a few hundred yards lost the tracks as we emerged from the boggy portion of the moor . Following the path backwards , we picked out another spot , where a spring trickled across it . Here , once again , was the mark of the bicycle , though nearly obliterated by the hoofs of cows . After that there was no sign , but the path ran right on into Ragged Shaw , the wood which backed on to the school . From this wood the cycle must have emerged . Holmes sat down on a boulder and rested his chin in his hands . I had smoked two cigarettes before he moved .

" Well , well , " said he , at last . " It is , of course , possible that a cunning man might change the tyres of his bicycle in order to leave unfamiliar tracks . A criminal who was capable of such a thought is a man whom I should be proud to do business with . We will leave this question undecided and hark back to our morass again , for we have left a good deal unexplored . "

We continued our systematic survey of the edge of the sodden portion of the moor , and soon our perseverance was gloriously rewarded . Right across the lower part of the bog lay a miry path . Holmes gave a cry of delight as he approached it . An impression like a fine bundle of telegraph wires ran down the centre of it . It was the Palmer tyres .

" Here is Herr Heidegger , sure enough ! " cried Holmes , exultantly . " My reasoning seems to have been pretty sound , Watson . "

" I congratulate you . "

" But we have a long way still to go . Kindly walk clear of the path . Now let us follow the trail . I fear that it will not lead very far . "

We found , however , as we advanced that this portion of the moor is intersected with soft patches , and , though we frequently lost sight of the track , we always succeeded in picking it up once more .

" Do you observe , " said Holmes , " that the rider is now undoubtedly forcing the pace ? There can be no doubt of it . Look at this impression , where you get both tyres clear . The one is as deep as the other . That can only mean that the rider is throwing his weight on to the handle-bar , as a man does when he is sprinting . By Jove ! he has had a fall . "

There was a broad , irregular smudge covering some yards of the track . Then there were a few footmarks , and the tyres reappeared once more .

" A side-slip , " I suggested .

Holmes held up a crumpled branch of flowering gorse . To my horror I perceived that the yellow blossoms were all dabbled with crimson . On the path , too , and among the heather were dark stains of clotted blood .

" Bad ! " said Holmes . " Bad ! Stand clear , Watson ! Not an unnecessary footstep ! What do I read here ? He fell wounded -- he stood up -- he remounted -- he proceeded . But there is no other track . Cattle on this side path . He was surely not gored by a bull ? Impossible ! But I see no traces of anyone else . We must push on , Watson . Surely , with stains as well as the track to guide us , he cannot escape us now . "

Our search was not a very long one . The tracks of the tyre began to curve fantastically upon the wet and shining path . Suddenly , as I looked ahead , the gleam of metal caught my eye from amid the thick gorse-bushes . Out of them we dragged a bicycle , Palmer-tyred , one pedal bent , and the whole front of it horribly smeared and slobbered with blood . On the other side of the bushes , a shoe was projecting . We ran round , and there lay the unfortunate rider . He was a tall man , full-bearded , with spectacles , one glass of which had been knocked out . The cause of his death was a frightful blow upon the head , which had crushed in part of his skull . That he could have gone on after receiving such an injury said much for the vitality and courage of the man . He wore shoes , but no socks , and his open coat disclosed a nightshirt beneath it . It was undoubtedly the German master .

Holmes turned the body over reverently , and examined it with great attention . He then sat in deep thought for a time , and I could see by his ruffled brow that this grim discovery had not , in his opinion , advanced us much in our inquiry .

" It is a little difficult to know what to do , Watson , " said he , at last . " My own inclinations are to push this inquiry on , for we have already lost so much time that we cannot afford to waste another hour . On the other hand , we are bound to inform the police of the discovery , and to see that this poor fellow's body is looked after . "

" I could take a note back . "

" But I need your company and assistance . Wait a bit ! There is a fellow cutting peat up yonder . Bring him over here , and he will guide the police . "

I brought the peasant across , and Holmes dispatched the frightened man with a note to Dr. Huxtable .

" Now , Watson , " said he , " we have picked up two clues this morning . One is the bicycle with the Palmer tyre , and we see what that has led to . The other is the bicycle with the patched Dunlop . Before we start to investigate that , let us try to realize what we do know , so as to make the most of it , and to separate the essential from the accidental . "

" First of all , I wish to impress upon you that the boy certainly left of his own free-will . He got down from his window and he went off , either alone or with someone . That is sure . "

I assented .

" Well , now , let us turn to this unfortunate German master . The boy was fully dressed when he fled . Therefore he foresaw what he would do . But the German went without his socks . He certainly acted on very short notice . "

" Undoubtedly . "

" Why did he go ? Because , from his bedroom window , he saw the flight of the boy because he wished to overtake him and bring him back . He seized his bicycle , pursued the lad , and in pursuing him met his death . "

" So it would seem . "

" Now I come to the critical part of my argument . The natural action of a man in pursuing a little boy would be to run after him . He would know that he could overtake him . But the German does not do so . He turns to his bicycle . I am told that he was an excellent cyclist . He would not do this , if he did not see that the boy had some swift means of escape . "

" The other bicycle . "

" Let us continue our reconstruction . He meets his death five miles from the school -- not by a bullet , mark you , which even a lad might conceivably discharge , but by a savage blow dealt by a vigorous arm . The lad , then , had a companion in his flight . And the flight was a swift one , since it took five miles before an expert cyclist could overtake them . Yet we survey the ground round the scene of the tragedy . What do we find ? A few cattle-tracks , nothing more . I took a wide sweep round , and there is no path within fifty yards . Another cyclist could have had nothing to do with the actual murder , nor were there any human footmarks . "

" Holmes , " I cried , " this is impossible . "

" Admirable ! " he said . " A most illuminating remark . It is impossible as I state it , and therefore I must in some respect have stated it wrong . Yet you saw for yourself . Can you suggest any fallacy ? "

" He could not have fractured his skull in a fall ? "

" In a morass , Watson ? "

" I am at my wit's end . "

" Tut , tut , we have solved some worse problems . At least we have plenty of material , if we can only use it . Come , then , and , having exhausted the Palmer , let us see what the Dunlop with the patched cover has to offer us . "

We picked up the track and followed it onward for some distance , but soon the moor rose into a long , heather-tufted curve , and we left the watercourse behind us . No further help from tracks could be hoped for . At the spot where we saw the last of the Dunlop tyre it might equally have led to Holdernesse Hall , the stately towers of which rose some miles to our left , or to a low , gray village which lay in front of us and marked the position of the Chesterfield high road .

As we approached the forbidding and squalid inn , with the sign of a game-cock above the door , Holmes gave a sudden groan , and clutched me by the shoulder to save himself from falling . He had had one of those violent strains of the ankle which leave a man helpless . With difficulty he limped up to the door , where a squat , dark , elderly man was smoking a black clay pipe .

" How are you , Mr. Reuben Hayes ? " said Holmes .

" Who are you , and how do you get my name so pat ? " the countryman answered , with a suspicious flash of a pair of cunning eyes .

" Well , it's printed on the board above your head . It's easy to see a man who is master of his own house . I suppose you haven't such a thing as a carriage in your stables ? "

" No , I have not . "

" I can hardly put my foot to the ground . "

" Don't put it to the ground . "

" But I can't walk . "

" Well , then , hop . "

Mr. Reuben Hayes's manner was far from gracious , but Holmes took it with admirable good-humour .

" Look here , my man , " said he . " This is really rather an awkward fix for me . I don't mind how I get on . "

" Neither do I , " said the morose landlord .

" The matter is very important . I would offer you a sovereign for the use of a bicycle . "

The landlord pricked up his ears .

" Where do you want to go ? "

" To Holdernesse Hall . "

" Pals of the Dook , I suppose ? " said the landlord , surveying our mud-stained garments with ironical eyes .

Holmes laughed good-naturedly .

" He'll be glad to see us , anyhow . "

" Why ? "

" Because we bring him news of his lost son . "

The landlord gave a very visible start .

" What , you're on his track ? "

" He has been heard of in Liverpool . They expect to get him every hour . "

Again a swift change passed over the heavy , unshaven face . His manner was suddenly genial .

" I've less reason to wish the Dook well than most men , " said he , " for I was his head coachman once , and cruel bad he treated me . It was him that sacked me without a character on the word of a lying corn-chandler . But I'm glad to hear that the young lord was heard of in Liverpool , and I'll help you to take the news to the Hall . "

" Thank you , " said Holmes . " We'll have some food first . Then you can bring round the bicycle . "

" I haven't got a bicycle . "

Holmes held up a sovereign .

" I tell you , man , that I haven't got one . I'll let you have two horses as far as the Hall . "

" Well , well , " said Holmes , " we'll talk about it when we've had something to eat . "

When we were left alone in the stone-flagged kitchen , it was astonishing how rapidly that sprained ankle recovered . It was nearly nightfall , and we had eaten nothing since early morning , so that we spent some time over our meal . Holmes was lost in thought , and once or twice he walked over to the window and stared earnestly out . It opened on to a squalid courtyard . In the far corner was a smithy , where a grimy lad was at work . On the other side were the stables . Holmes had sat down again after one of these excursions , when he suddenly sprang out of his chair with a loud exclamation .

" By heaven , Watson , I believe that I've got it ! " he cried . " Yes , yes , it must be so . Watson , do you remember seeing any cow-tracks to-day ? "

" Yes , several . "

" Where ? "

" Well , everywhere . They were at the morass , and again on the path , and again near where poor Heidegger met his death . "

" Exactly . Well , now , Watson , how many cows did you see on the moor ? "

" I don't remember seeing any . "

" Strange , Watson , that we should see tracks all along our line , but never a cow on the whole moor . Very strange , Watson , eh ? "

" Yes , it is strange . "

" Now , Watson , make an effort , throw your mind back . Can you see those tracks upon the path ? "

" Yes , I can . "

" Can you recall that the tracks were sometimes like that , Watson " -- he arranged a number of bread-crumbs in this fashion -- : : : : : -- " and sometimes like this " -- : . : . : . : . -- " and occasionally like this " -- . ' . ' . ' . ' " Can you remember that ? "

" No , I cannot . "

" But I can . I could swear to it . However , we will go back at our leisure and verify it . What a blind beetle I have been , not to draw my conclusion . "

" And what is your conclusion ? "

" Only that it is a remarkable cow which walks , canters , and gallops . By George ! Watson , it was no brain of a country publican that thought out such a blind as that . The coast seems to be clear , save for that lad in the smithy . Let us slip out and see what we can see . "

There were two rough-haired , unkempt horses in the tumble-down stable . Holmes raised the hind leg of one of them and laughed aloud .

" Old shoes , but newly shod -- old shoes , but new nails . This case deserves to be a classic . Let us go across to the smithy . "

The lad continued his work without regarding us . I saw Holmes's eye darting to right and left among the litter of iron and wood which was scattered about the floor . Suddenly , however , we heard a step behind us , and there was the landlord , his heavy eyebrows drawn over his savage eyes , his swarthy features convulsed with passion . He held a short , metal-headed stick in his hand , and he advanced in so menacing a fashion that I was right glad to feel the revolver in my pocket .

" You infernal spies ! " the man cried . " What are you doing there ? "

" Why , Mr. Reuben Hayes , " said Holmes , coolly , " one might think that you were afraid of our finding something out . "

The man mastered himself with a violent effort , and his grim mouth loosened into a false laugh , which was more menacing than his frown .

" You're welcome to all you can find out in my smithy , " said he . " But look here , mister , I don't care for folk poking about my place without my leave , so the sooner you pay your score and get out of this the better I shall be pleased . "

" All right , Mr. Hayes , no harm meant , " said Holmes . " We have been having a look at your horses , but I think I'll walk , after all . It's not far , I believe . "

" Not more than two miles to the Hall gates . That's the road to the left . " He watched us with sullen eyes until we had left his premises .

We did not go very far along the road , for Holmes stopped the instant that the curve hid us from the landlord's view .

" We were warm , as the children say , at that inn , " said he . " I seem to grow colder every step that I take away from it . No , no , I can't possibly leave it . "

" I am convinced , " said I , " that this Reuben Hayes knows all about it . A more self-evident villain I never saw . "

" Oh ! he impressed you in that way , did he ? There are the horses , there is the smithy . Yes , it is an interesting place , this Fighting Cock . I think we shall have another look at it in an unobtrusive way . "

A long , sloping hillside , dotted with gray limestone boulders , stretched behind us . We had turned off the road , and were making our way up the hill , when , looking in the direction of Holdernesse Hall , I saw a cyclist coming swiftly along .

" Get down , Watson ! " cried Holmes , with a heavy hand upon my shoulder . We had hardly sunk from view when the man flew past us on the road . Amid a rolling cloud of dust , I caught a glimpse of a pale , agitated face -- a face with horror in every lineament , the mouth open , the eyes staring wildly in front . It was like some strange caricature of the dapper James Wilder whom we had seen the night before .

" The Duke's secretary ! " cried Holmes . " Come , Watson , let us see what he does . "

We scrambled from rock to rock , until in a few moments we had made our way to a point from which we could see the front door of the inn . Wilder's bicycle was leaning against the wall beside it . No one was moving about the house , nor could we catch a glimpse of any faces at the windows . Slowly the twilight crept down as the sun sank behind the high towers of Holdernesse Hall . Then , in the gloom , we saw the two side-lamps of a trap light up in the stable-yard of the inn , and shortly afterwards heard the rattle of hoofs , as it wheeled out into the road and tore off at a furious pace in the direction of Chesterfield .

" What do you make of that , Watson ? " Holmes whispered .

" It looks like a flight . "

" A single man in a dog-cart , so far as I could see . Well , it certainly was not Mr. James Wilder , for there he is at the door . "

A red square of light had sprung out of the darkness . In the middle of it was the black figure of the secretary , his head advanced , peering out into the night . It was evident that he was expecting someone . Then at last there were steps in the road , a second figure was visible for an instant against the light , the door shut , and all was black once more . Five minutes later a lamp was lit in a room upon the first floor .

" It seems to be a curious class of custom that is done by the Fighting Cock , " said Holmes .

" The bar is on the other side . "

" Quite so . These are what one may call the private guests . Now , what in the world is Mr. James Wilder doing in that den at this hour of night , and who is the companion who comes to meet him there ? Come , Watson , we must really take a risk and try to investigate this a little more closely . "

Together we stole down to the road and crept across to the door of the inn . The bicycle still leaned against the wall . Holmes struck a match and held it to the back wheel , and I heard him chuckle as the light fell upon a patched Dunlop tyre . Up above us was the lighted window .

" I must have a peep through that , Watson . If you bend your back and support yourself upon the wall , I think that I can manage . "

An instant later , his feet were on my shoulders , but he was hardly up before he was down again .

" Come , my friend , " said he , " our day's work has been quite long enough . I think that we have gathered all that we can . It's a long walk to the school , and the sooner we get started the better . "

He hardly opened his lips during that weary trudge across the moor , nor would he enter the school when he reached it , but went on to Mackleton Station , whence he could send some telegrams . Late at night I heard him consoling Dr. Huxtable , prostrated by the tragedy of his master's death , and later still he entered my room as alert and vigorous as he had been when he started in the morning . " All goes well , my friend , " said he . " I promise that before to-morrow evening we shall have reached the solution of the mystery . "

At eleven o'clock next morning my friend and I were walking up the famous yew avenue of Holdernesse Hall . We were ushered through the magnificent Elizabethan doorway and into his Grace's study . There we found Mr. James Wilder , demure and courtly , but with some trace of that wild terror of the night before still lurking in his furtive eyes and in his twitching features .

" You have come to see his Grace ? I am sorry , but the fact is that the Duke is far from well . He has been very much upset by the tragic news . We received a telegram from Dr. Huxtable yesterday afternoon , which told us of your discovery . "

" I must see the Duke , Mr. Wilder . "

" But he is in his room . "

" Then I must go to his room . "

" I believe he is in his bed . "

" I will see him there . "

Holmes's cold and inexorable manner showed the secretary that it was useless to argue with him .

" Very good , Mr. Holmes , I will tell him that you are here . "

After an hour's delay , the great nobleman appeared . His face was more cadaverous than ever , his shoulders had rounded , and he seemed to me to be an altogether older man than he had been the morning before . He greeted us with a stately courtesy and seated himself at his desk , his red beard streaming down on the table .

" Well , Mr. Holmes ? " said he .

But my friend's eyes were fixed upon the secretary , who stood by his master's chair .

" I think , your Grace , that I could speak more freely in Mr. Wilder's absence . "

The man turned a shade paler and cast a malignant glance at Holmes .

" If your Grace wishes -- "

" Yes , yes , you had better go . Now , Mr. Holmes , what have you to say ? "

My friend waited until the door had closed behind the retreating secretary .

" The fact is , your Grace , " said he , " that my colleague , Dr. Watson , and myself had an assurance from Dr. Huxtable that a reward had been offered in this case . I should like to have this confirmed from your own lips . "

" Certainly , Mr. Holmes . "

" It amounted , if I am correctly informed , to five thousand pounds to anyone who will tell you where your son is ? "

" Exactly . "

" And another thousand to the man who will name the person or persons who keep him in custody ? "

" Exactly . "

" Under the latter heading is included , no doubt , not only those who may have taken him away , but also those who conspire to keep him in his present position ? "

" Yes , yes , " cried the Duke , impatiently . " If you do your work well , Mr. Sherlock Holmes , you will have no reason to complain of niggardly treatment . "

My friend rubbed his thin hands together with an appearance of avidity which was a surprise to me , who knew his frugal tastes .

" I fancy that I see your Grace's check-book upon the table , " said he . " I should be glad if you would make me out a check for six thousand pounds . It would be as well , perhaps , for you to cross it . The Capital and Counties Bank , Oxford Street branch are my agents . "

His Grace sat very stern and upright in his chair and looked stonily at my friend .

" Is this a joke , Mr. Holmes ? It is hardly a subject for pleasantry . "

" Not at all , your Grace . I was never more earnest in my life . "

" What do you mean , then ? "

" I mean that I have earned the reward . I know where your son is , and I know some , at least , of those who are holding him . "

The Duke's beard had turned more aggressively red than ever against his ghastly white face .

" Where is he ? " he gasped .

" He is , or was last night , at the Fighting Cock Inn , about two miles from your park gate . "

The Duke fell back in his chair .

" And whom do you accuse ? "

Sherlock Holmes's answer was an astounding one . He stepped swiftly forward and touched the Duke upon the shoulder .

" I accuse you , " said he . " And now , your Grace , I'll trouble you for that check . "

Never shall I forget the Duke's appearance as he sprang up and clawed with his hands , like one who is sinking into an abyss . Then , with an extraordinary effort of aristocratic self-command , he sat down and sank his face in his hands . It was some minutes before he spoke .

" How much do you know ? " he asked at last , without raising his head .

" I saw you together last night . "

" Does anyone else beside your friend know ? "

" I have spoken to no one . "

The Duke took a pen in his quivering fingers and opened his check-book .

" I shall be as good as my word , Mr. Holmes . I am about to write your check , however unwelcome the information which you have gained may be to me . When the offer was first made , I little thought the turn which events might take . But you and your friend are men of discretion , Mr. Holmes ? "

" I hardly understand your Grace . "

" I must put it plainly , Mr. Holmes . If only you two know of this incident , there is no reason why it should go any farther . I think twelve thousand pounds is the sum that I owe you , is it not ? "

But Holmes smiled and shook his head .

" I fear , your Grace , that matters can hardly be arranged so easily . There is the death of this schoolmaster to be accounted for . "

" But James knew nothing of that . You cannot hold him responsible for that . It was the work of this brutal ruffian whom he had the misfortune to employ . "

" I must take the view , your Grace , that when a man embarks upon a crime , he is morally guilty of any other crime which may spring from it . "

" Morally , Mr. Holmes . No doubt you are right . But surely not in the eyes of the law . A man cannot be condemned for a murder at which he was not present , and which he loathes and abhors as much as you do . The instant that he heard of it he made a complete confession to me , so filled was he with horror and remorse . He lost not an hour in breaking entirely with the murderer . Oh , Mr. Holmes , you must save him -- you must save him ! I tell you that you must save him ! " The Duke had dropped the last attempt at self-command , and was pacing the room with a convulsed face and with his clenched hands raving in the air . At last he mastered himself and sat down once more at his desk . " I appreciate your conduct in coming here before you spoke to anyone else , " said he . " At least , we may take counsel how far we can minimize this hideous scandal . "

" Exactly , " said Holmes . " I think , your Grace , that this can only be done by absolute frankness between us . I am disposed to help your Grace to the best of my ability , but , in order to do so , I must understand to the last detail how the matter stands . I realize that your words applied to Mr. James Wilder , and that he is not the murderer . "

" No , the murderer has escaped . "

Sherlock Holmes smiled demurely .

" Your Grace can hardly have heard of any small reputation which I possess , or you would not imagine that it is so easy to escape me . Mr. Reuben Hayes was arrested at Chesterfield , on my information , at eleven o'clock last night . I had a telegram from the head of the local police before I left the school this morning . "

The Duke leaned back in his chair and stared with amazement at my friend .

" You seem to have powers that are hardly human , " said he . " So Reuben Hayes is taken ? I am right glad to hear it , if it will not react upon the fate of James . "

" Your secretary ? "

" No , sir , my son . "

It was Holmes's turn to look astonished .

" I confess that this is entirely new to me , your Grace . I must beg you to be more explicit . "

" I will conceal nothing from you . I agree with you that complete frankness , however painful it may be to me , is the best policy in this desperate situation to which James's folly and jealousy have reduced us . When I was a very young man , Mr. Holmes , I loved with such a love as comes only once in a lifetime . I offered the lady marriage , but she refused it on the grounds that such a match might mar my career . Had she lived . I would certainly never have married anyone else . She died , and left this one child , whom for her sake I have cherished and cared for . I could not acknowledge the paternity to the world , but I gave him the best of educations , and since he came to manhood I have kept him near my person . He surprised my secret , and has presumed ever since upon the claim which he has upon me , and upon his power of provoking a scandal which would be abhorrent to me . His presence had something to do with the unhappy issue of my marriage . Above all , he hated my young legitimate heir from the first with a persistent hatred . You may well ask me why , under these circumstances , I still kept James under my roof . I answer that it was because I could see his mother's face in his , and that for her dear sake there was no end to my long-suffering . All her pretty ways too -- there was not one of them which he could not suggest and bring back to my memory . I could not send him away . But I feared so much lest he should do Arthur -- that is , Lord Saltire -- a mischief , that I dispatched him for safety to Dr. Huxtable's school .

" James came into contact with this fellow Hayes , because the man was a tenant of mine , and James acted as agent . The fellow was a rascal from the beginning , but , in some extraordinary way , James became intimate with him . He had always a taste for low company . When James determined to kidnap Lord Saltire , it was of this man's service that he availed himself . You remember that I wrote to Arthur upon that last day . Well , James opened the letter and inserted a note asking Arthur to meet him in a little wood called the Ragged Shaw , which is near to the school . He used the Duchess's name , and in that way got the boy to come . That evening James bicycled over -- I am telling you what he has himself confessed to me -- and he told Arthur , whom he met in the wood , that his mother longed to see him , that she was awaiting him on the moor , and that if he would come back into the wood at midnight he would find a man with a horse , who would take him to her . Poor Arthur fell into the trap . He came to the appointment , and found this fellow Hayes with a led pony . Arthur mounted , and they set off together . It appears -- though this James only heard yesterday -- that they were pursued , that Hayes struck the pursuer with his stick , and that the man died of his injuries . Hayes brought Arthur to his public-house , the Fighting Cock , where he was confined in an upper room , under the care of Mrs. Hayes , who is a kindly woman , but entirely under the control of her brutal husband .

" Well , Mr. Holmes , that was the state of affairs when I first saw you two days ago . I had no more idea of the truth than you . You will ask me what was James's motive in doing such a deed . I answer that there was a great deal which was unreasoning and fanatical in the hatred which he bore my heir . In his view he should himself have been heir of all my estates , and he deeply resented those social laws which made it impossible . At the same time , he had a definite motive also . He was eager that I should break the entail , and he was of opinion that it lay in my power to do so . He intended to make a bargain with me -- to restore Arthur if I would break the entail , and so make it possible for the estate to be left to him by will . He knew well that I should never willingly invoke the aid of the police against him . I say that he would have proposed such a bargain to me ; but he did not actually do so , for events moved too quickly for him , and he had not time to put his plans into practice .

" What brought all his wicked scheme to wreck was your discovery of this man Heidegger's dead body . James was seized with horror at the news . It came to us yesterday , as we sat together in this study . Dr. Huxtable had sent a telegram . James was so overwhelmed with grief and agitation that my suspicions , which had never been entirely absent , rose instantly to a certainty , and I taxed him with the deed . He made a complete voluntary confession . Then he implored me to keep his secret for three days longer , so as to give his wretched accomplice a chance of saving his guilty life . I yielded -- as I have always yielded -- to his prayers , and instantly James hurried off to the Fighting Cock to warn Hayes and give him the means of flight . I could not go there by daylight without provoking comment , but as soon as night fell I hurried off to see my dear Arthur . I found him safe and well , but horrified beyond expression by the dreadful deed he had witnessed . In deference to my promise , and much against my will , I consented to leave him there for three days , under the charge of Mrs. Hayes , since it was evident that it was impossible to inform the police where he was without telling them also who was the murderer , and I could not see how that murderer could be punished without ruin to my unfortunate James . You asked for frankness , Mr. Holmes , and I have taken you at your word , for I have now told you everything without an attempt at circumlocution or concealment . Do you in turn be as frank with me . "

" I will , " said Holmes . " In the first place , your Grace , I am bound to tell you that you have placed yourself in a most serious position in the eyes of the law . You have condoned a felony , and you have aided the escape of a murderer , for I cannot doubt that any money which was taken by James Wilder to aid his accomplice in his flight came from your Grace's purse . "

The Duke bowed his assent .

" This is , indeed , a most serious matter . Even more culpable in my opinion , your Grace , is your attitude towards your younger son . You leave him in this den for three days . "

" Under solemn promises -- "

" What are promises to such people as these ? You have no guarantee that he will not be spirited away again . To humour your guilty older son , you have exposed your innocent younger son to imminent and unnecessary danger . It was a most unjustifiable action . "

The proud lord of Holdernesse was not accustomed to be so rated in his own ducal hall . The blood flushed into his high forehead , but his conscience held him dumb .

" I will help you , but on one condition only . It is that you ring for the footman and let me give such orders as I like . "

Without a word , the Duke pressed the electric bell . A servant entered .

" You will be glad to hear , " said Holmes , " that your young master is found . It is the Duke's desire that the carriage shall go at once to the Fighting Cock Inn to bring Lord Saltire home .

" Now , " said Holmes , when the rejoicing lackey had disappeared , " having secured the future , we can afford to be more lenient with the past . I am not in an official position , and there is no reason so long as the ends of justice are served , why I should disclose all that I know . As to Hayes , I say nothing . The gallows awaits him , and I would do nothing to save him from it . What he will divulge I cannot tell , but I have no doubt that your Grace could make him understand that it is to his interest to be silent . From the police point of view he will have kidnapped the boy for the purpose of ransom . If they do not themselves find it out , I see no reason why I should prompt them to take a broader point of view . I would warn your Grace , however , that the continued presence of Mr. James Wilder in your household can only lead to misfortune . "

" I understand that , Mr. Holmes , and it is already settled that he shall leave me forever , and go to seek his fortune in Australia . "

" In that case , your Grace , since you have yourself stated that any unhappiness in your married life was caused by his presence , I would suggest that you make such amends as you can to the Duchess , and that you try to resume those relations which have been so unhappily interrupted . "

" That also I have arranged , Mr. Holmes . I wrote to the Duchess this morning . "

" In that case , " said Holmes , rising , " I think that my friend and I can congratulate ourselves upon several most happy results from our little visit to the North . There is one other small point upon which I desire some light . This fellow Hayes had shod his horses with shoes which counterfeited the tracks of cows . Was it from Mr. Wilder that he learned so extraordinary a device ? "

The Duke stood in thought for a moment , with a look of intense surprise on his face . Then he opened a door and showed us into a large room furnished as a museum . He led the way to a glass case in a corner , and pointed to the inscription .

" These shoes , " it ran , " were dug up in the moat of Holdernesse Hall . They are for the use of horses , but they are shaped below with a cloven foot of iron , so as to throw pursuers off the track . They are supposed to have belonged to some of the marauding Barons of Holdernesse in the Middle Ages . "

Holmes opened the case , and moistening his finger he passed it along the shoe . A thin film of recent mud was left upon his skin .

" Thank you , " said he , as he replaced the glass . " It is the second most interesting object that I have seen in the North . "

" And the first ? "

Holmes folded up his check and placed it carefully in his notebook . " I am a poor man , " said he , as he patted it affectionately , and thrust it into the depths of his inner pocket .

I had intended " The Adventure of the Abbey Grange " to be the last of those exploits of my friend , Mr. Sherlock Holmes , which I should ever communicate to the public . This resolution of mine was not due to any lack of material , since I have notes of many hundreds of cases to which I have never alluded , nor was it caused by any waning interest on the part of my readers in the singular personality and unique methods of this remarkable man . The real reason lay in the reluctance which Mr. Holmes has shown to the continued publication of his experiences . So long as he was in actual professional practice the records of his successes were of some practical value to him , but since he has definitely retired from London and betaken himself to study and bee-farming on the Sussex Downs , notoriety has become hateful to him , and he has peremptorily requested that his wishes in this matter should be strictly observed . It was only upon my representing to him that I had given a promise that " The Adventure of the Second Stain " should be published when the times were ripe , and pointing out to him that it is only appropriate that this long series of episodes should culminate in the most important international case which he has ever been called upon to handle , that I at last succeeded in obtaining his consent that a carefully guarded account of the incident should at last be laid before the public . If in telling the story I seem to be somewhat vague in certain details , the public will readily understand that there is an excellent reason for my reticence .

It was , then , in a year , and even in a decade , that shall be nameless , that upon one Tuesday morning in autumn we found two visitors of European fame within the walls of our humble room in Baker Street . The one , austere , high-nosed , eagle-eyed , and dominant , was none other than the illustrious Lord Bellinger , twice Premier of Britain . The other , dark , clear-cut , and elegant , hardly yet of middle age , and endowed with every beauty of body and of mind , was the Right Honourable Trelawney Hope , Secretary for European Affairs , and the most rising statesman in the country . They sat side by side upon our paper-littered settee , and it was easy to see from their worn and anxious faces that it was business of the most pressing importance which had brought them . The Premier's thin , blue-veined hands were clasped tightly over the ivory head of his umbrella , and his gaunt , ascetic face looked gloomily from Holmes to me . The European Secretary pulled nervously at his moustache and fidgeted with the seals of his watch-chain .

" When I discovered my loss , Mr. Holmes , which was at eight o'clock this morning , I at once informed the Prime Minister . It was at his suggestion that we have both come to you . "

" Have you informed the police ? "

" No , sir , " said the Prime Minister , with the quick , decisive manner for which he was famous . " We have not done so , nor is it possible that we should do so . To inform the police must , in the long run , mean to inform the public . This is what we particularly desire to avoid . "

" And why , sir ? "

" Because the document in question is of such immense importance that its publication might very easily -- I might almost say probably -- lead to European complications of the utmost moment . It is not too much to say that peace or war may hang upon the issue . Unless its recovery can be attended with the utmost secrecy , then it may as well not be recovered at all , for all that is aimed at by those who have taken it is that its contents should be generally known . "

" I understand . Now , Mr. Trelawney Hope , I should be much obliged if you would tell me exactly the circumstances under which this document disappeared . "

" That can be done in a very few words , Mr. Holmes . The letter -- for it was a letter from a foreign potentate -- was received six days ago . It was of such importance that I have never left it in my safe , but I have taken it across each evening to my house in Whitehall Terrace , and kept it in my bedroom in a locked despatch-box . It was there last night . Of that I am certain . I actually opened the box while I was dressing for dinner and saw the document inside . This morning it was gone . The despatch-box had stood beside the glass upon my dressing-table all night . I am a light sleeper , and so is my wife . We are both prepared to swear that no one could have entered the room during the night . And yet I repeat that the paper is gone . "

" What time did you dine ? "

" Half-past seven . "

" How long was it before you went to bed ? "

" My wife had gone to the theatre . I waited up for her . It was half-past eleven before we went to our room . "

" Then for four hours the despatch-box had lain unguarded ? "

" No one is ever permitted to enter that room save the housemaid in the morning , and my valet , or my wife's maid , during the rest of the day . They are both trusty servants who have been with us for some time . Besides , neither of them could possibly have known that there was anything more valuable than the ordinary departmental papers in my despatch-box . "

" Who did know of the existence of that letter ? "

" No one in the house . "

" Surely your wife knew ? "

" No , sir . I had said nothing to my wife until I missed the paper this morning . "

The Premier nodded approvingly .

" I have long known , sir , how high is your sense of public duty , " said he . " I am convinced that in the case of a secret of this importance it would rise superior to the most intimate domestic ties . "

The European Secretary bowed .

" You do me no more than justice , sir . Until this morning I have never breathed one word to my wife upon this matter . "

" Could she have guessed ? "

" No , Mr. Holmes , she could not have guessed -- nor could anyone have guessed . "

" Have you lost any documents before ? "

" No , sir . "

" Who is there in England who did know of the existence of this letter ? "

" Each member of the Cabinet was informed of it yesterday , but the pledge of secrecy which attends every Cabinet meeting was increased by the solemn warning which was given by the Prime Minister . Good heavens , to think that within a few hours I should myself have lost it ! " His handsome face was distorted with a spasm of despair , and his hands tore at his hair . For a moment we caught a glimpse of the natural man , impulsive , ardent , keenly sensitive . The next the aristocratic mask was replaced , and the gentle voice had returned . " Besides the members of the Cabinet there are two , or possibly three , departmental officials who know of the letter . No one else in England , Mr. Holmes , I assure you . "

" But abroad ? "

" I believe that no one abroad has seen it save the man who wrote it . I am well convinced that his Ministers -- that the usual official channels have not been employed . "

Holmes considered for some little time .

" Now , sir , I must ask you more particularly what this document is , and why its disappearance should have such momentous consequences ? "

The two statesmen exchanged a quick glance and the Premier's shaggy eyebrows gathered in a frown .

" Mr. Holmes , the envelope is a long , thin one of pale blue colour . There is a seal of red wax stamped with a crouching lion . It is addressed in large , bold handwriting to -- "

" I fear , sir , " said Holmes , " that , interesting and indeed essential as these details are , my inquiries must go more to the root of things . What was the letter ? "

" That is a State secret of the utmost importance , and I fear that I cannot tell you , nor do I see that it is necessary . If by the aid of the powers which you are said to possess you can find such an envelope as I describe with its enclosure , you will have deserved well of your country , and earned any reward which it lies in our power to bestow . "

Sherlock Holmes rose with a smile .

" You are two of the most busy men in the country , " said he , " and in my own small way I have also a good many calls upon me . I regret exceedingly that I cannot help you in this matter , and any continuation of this interview would be a waste of time . "

The Premier sprang to his feet with that quick , fierce gleam of his deep-set eyes before which a Cabinet has cowered . " I am not accustomed , sir , " he began , but mastered his anger and resumed his seat . For a minute or more we all sat in silence . Then the old statesman shrugged his shoulders .