[^THE ACTS OF THE PARLIAMENTS OF SCOTLAND, 1124-1707, VOLS. I-XII. EDINBURGH 1814-1875. SAMPLE 1: PP. II,44.11 (1ST COLUMN) - 52.34 (2ND COLUMN) SAMPLE 2: PP. II,94.1 (2ND COLUMN) - 101.4 (2ND COLUMN) SAMPLE 3: PP. II,132.31 (1ST COLUMN) - 145.19 (1ST COLUMN) SAMPLE 4: PP. II,158.22 (2ND COLUMN) - 163.9 (2ND COLUMN)^]

[} (\APUD STRIVILLING. XIII DIE OCTOBRIS, A.D. M,CCCC,LV.\) }] (\Parliame~tu~ excelle~tissimj pri~cipis et dn~j nr~i metue~dissimj dn~j Jacobj Secundi dei gratia scoto~ Regis Illustrissimj tentu~ apud strivilling xiij=o= die me~s Octobr~ Anno dn~j M=mo= cccc=mo= lv=to= c~g=e=gat~ t~b~ Regnj statibus\) ITEM it is sene spedfull +tat thar be cost maide at +te est passage betuix Roxburghe and berwik and +t=t= it be waukyt at c~tane furd~ +te quhilk~ gif myst~ be sall mak taky~nis be balys birnyng & fyre In +te first a baill to be maide be +te waukar~ of +te furd~ quhar it may be sene at hvme And als at +te sa~myn waukar~ may cu~ to hvme in p~pir persoun Ande +tar +te balys to be maide on +tis man~ A baile is warnyng of +t~ cu~yng~ quhat power~ +t=t= eu~ +taj be of Twa balis togidd~ at anis thay ar cu~ing~ i~ deide four~ balis ilkane besyde v+t~ and all at anys as four~ ca~dill~ salbe suthfast knalege +t=t= +tai ar of gret power~ and menys als far as hadingtowne du~bar dalkeithe or tharby +tir sa~myn taky~nis to be wachyt and maide at Eggerhop castell fra +taj se +te fyr~ of hvme +t=t= +taj fyr ry~sa Ande in lik man~ at soltray ege fra +taj see +te fyr of Eggerhop castell ande mak takyn in lik man~ And than may all lothiane be warnyt ande in speciall +te castell of Edinburghe And +tar four~ fyr~ to be maide in lyke maner +t=t= +taj i~ fyf and fra strivilling est ande +te est p~t of louthiane and to du~bar all may se +tame and cu~ to +te defence of +te lande Ande +taj will no=t= be sleuthfull +tai self for to be warnyt of thir fyris +taj sall wit +t~ cu~yng o=r= tweide Ande +tan consid~ing +tar fer passage we sall god willing be als~ sone redy as thaj And all pepill drawe +t=t= ar on +te west half of Edinburgh +t~to And all fra Edinburghe est to hadingtone And all m~chand~ of burowys to p~sew the hoist quhar~ it pass~ And at Du~pe~d~lawe ande northberwyk lawe balys to be brynt for warnyng of +te cost syde of +te see in forme before writyn~

ITEM gif ony Scott~ ma~ dois ony tresone +t=t= is to say warnys of +te riding of ane hoist or ony scott~ ma~ to do harme in Inglande or to Inglisme~ and it may be opinly knawyn~ apon him he sall furthwithe haif +te c~mon law ande be hangyt and drawyn and his gud~ eschet to the king ITEM gif ony p~sone or p~so~is be scland~it or suspect of tresone thai salbe tane and remane in firmance and +t~ gud~ vnd~ sikkir borowis quhill +te tyme +tai haif tholit ane assise quhe+t~ +tai be quyt or foule ITEM +t=t= na ma~ nor woma~ pas~ in Inglande w=t=out leif of +te king +te wardane or of thame +t=t= he giff~ power~ to in +t=t= p~t i~ tym of weir vnd~ +te payne of tresone ITEM gif ony Inglisma~ cu~is in the kinrik of scotlande to kirk or m~cat or ony v+t~ place w=t=outyn conduct or assou~ance of +te king +te wardane or +tame +t=t= power~ has he salbe lauchfull presonar to quhat p~sone that lik~ to tak him ITEM gif ony scott~ ma~ bring~ in +te Realme ony Inglisme~ or met~ +tame at ony tristys haifande na power +taj salbe tane and put i~ firmance +t~ gud~ takin and arestyt to +te tyme +t=t= +taj be punyst at +te kingis will ande +te wardanys ITEM +t=t= na scott~ ma~ sit apon na speciale assou~ance of ony Inglisma~ but leif of +te king or of +te wardane vnd~ +te payne of treson ITEM +t=t= na scott~ ma~ supple bervyk nor Roxburghe w=t= na wittaill fewell nor nan~e v+t~ supportacion vnd~ +te payne of tresone ITEM quhe~ +te wardan rid~ or ony v+t~ chiftane and w=t= him gret falloschip or small +t=t= na ma~ gang away w=t= na man~ of gud~ quhill it be thriddyt and p~tyt befor +te chiftane as vse and custu~ is of +te Merchis vnd~ +te payne of tresone to be hangyt and drawin and his gud~ eschet ITEM +t=t= na ma~ reif ane v+t~ ony man~ of gud~ no+t~ p~sonar nor v+t~is quhilk~ +taj ar in possessione of in Inglis erde or in scott~ vnd~ +te payne of dede ITEM gif ony ma~ raisis effray in +te hoist in willfull man~ withoutin caus~ he salbe accusit of tresone

ITEM it is statute and ordanyt +t=t= quhair sa euir ony rad~ ar maide in Inglande +t=t= +tir saide statut~ be deliu~yt to be hed~ me~ And at +tai opinly ger +tame be maide knawin till all +tame +t=t= pass~ w=t= +tame +t=t= nane of +tame may haif esson+ge nor excusacion~ of +t~ necligens~ ITEM +te king sall tak Inquisicion quhar~ he cu~is till ony hede burghe of +te cu~tre gif thar be ony w~=t=in +t=t= schyr~ sornour~ or oppressour~ of +te king~ lieg~ or the pur~ pepill or disobeyar~ of his l~res And +tai p~son~s +te king sall punys~ as effer~ ITEM as tuiching the laying of garnison~is apone +te bordour~ It is avysit ande ordanit be o=r= sou~ane lorde +te king and +te thre estat~ +t=t= +tair be laid iij # garnison~is +t=t= is to say ij=c= sper~ and ij=c= bowis apon +te Est and midill m~chis and apon +te west m~chys to be laide j=c= sper~ and j=c= bowis And for +te makyn and fyndyn of +t~ expens~ +tar salbe furthwith~ w~tyne l~res to all +te # s~reff~ to sende in writ to o=r= sou~ane lorde +te namys of all and sindry lord~ baronys ande frehaldar~ alsueill duellande w~=t=in +te bond~ of Regaliteis as Rialte ande +te auale of ilke ma~is land~ rentis and possession~is ande +te auale of +t~ mouable gud~ alsone as +tai may be extentyt And +t~eft~ +te lord~ +t=t= sall sit eft~ +te cu~yng of +te said writtis fra +te s~ref~ sall avys~ how mony ilk lorde ande frehaldar sall fynde quhen and quhar And +taj +t=t= ar ner hande +te bordour~ ar ordanyt to haif gude houshaldis ande weill abeil+geit me~ as effer~ And to be redy at +tar principale plac~ and to pas~ w=t= +te wardanys quhe~ and quhar +taj salbe chargyt [} (\APUD EDINBURGHE, XIX DIE OCTOBRIS, A. D. M,CCCC,LVI.\) }] [^A PASSAGE IN LATIN OMITTED^] ITEM as to +te first artikyll quhar~ it spek~ of +te deliu~ance and decret +t=t= +te king sulde gif ane~t~ debat~ betuix diu~se p~son~is of +te Realme of the taking of presonar~ in wy~nyng of tour~ and fortalicis that artikill is referryt to +te baronys for +te decisione +t~of p~tenis to thame for +taj haif experience thar~of

ITEM as to +te secunde artikill tuichande +te supple of +te bordour~ The p~uisione of +te defence of +te Realme agane +te su~myr sesone &c~ The thre estat~ think~ at +te bordourar~ myst~is no=t= sa mekill supple as +taj dyde in the tyme +t=t= +tis mat~ was lade to +te king and at +taj may +tis +ger~ gode be lowyt defende +tame self bett~ +tan fern+ger for diuers~ causs~ first thai ar bett~ cornyt +tan +tai war fern+ger~ and +t~ innemys war cornyt Secu~ndly +tai haif specialte and peax at +te lest at twa bordour~ quhill ca~dilmes~ On +te west bordour~ +te wynt~ dois seyndill skaithe Ande +te clergy p~sumys +t~ may be specialte gottin to +tame and it be desiryt And +tai trow +te Inglisme~ will alsueill consent till a specialte fra candilmes~ till wedd~ dais as thai dide now till ca~dilmes~ Consid~ande als~ +t=t= +te Inglisme~ has hade +tis som~ bygane and traist~ to haif +tis som~ to cu~ surfet coist and travell ande +taj be no=t= suppleit be +te wint~ weir~ and be redy to +te som~ weir~ And all thing~ c~sid~it +tai haif had mekill mair travell and charg~ of weyr in +tis som~ bigane +tan o=r= bordourar~ hade Tharfor +taj think +te bordourar~ sulde be c~ntent at +tis tyme And quhe~ ony gret ourset is lik to cu~ on +te bordourar~ +tai think +te Inland me~ sulde be redy in +t~ supple ITEM it is ordanyt +t=t= all man~ of ma~ +t=t= has land~ or gud~ be redy horsit and geryt eft~ +te faculte of his landis and gud~ for +te defence of +te Realme at +te c~ma~dme~t of +te king~ l~res be balys or ovt hornys And quha sa beis no=t= he will be punyst in his p~sone and gud~ And at all man~ of man betuix sextj and sextene be redy on +t~ best wys~ to cu~ to +te bordour~ for +te defence of +te lande quhe~ ony witt~ing cu~is of +te incumming of ane gret Inglis~ hoist And at na pur~ man na vnbodyn be chargyt to cu~ to ony rad~ in Inglande And at ilk ma~ +t=t= his gud~ extend~ to xx=tj= m~k~ be bodyn at +te lest w=t= ane Jak w=t= slevys to +te hande or ellis a payr of splent~ a sellat or a prikit hatt a suerde and a buclar~ a bow and a schaif of arrowis And gif he can no=t= schut +t=t= he haif ane ax and a targe o+t~ of ledd~ or of fyrne burde w=t= twa band~ on +te bak And throu out all schyr~ +taj be warnyt to p~uyde for sik thing~ and to cu~ & mak +t~ wapinschawing~ befor +te s~ref~ bail+geis or stewart~ of Regaliteis on +te morn eft~ +te lawe dais eft~ +gule And quha +t=t= cu~is no=t= bodyne as effer~ eft~ his faltis to be punyst in his gud~ And sa furthe +t~ wapinschawingis to be maid and co~tinuyt fra xxx dais to xxx dais ITEM it is tho=t= spedfull +t=t= +te king mak request to c~tane of +te gret baronys of +te lande +t=t= ar of ony my=t= to mak cart~ of weir~ and in ilk cart twa gu~nys and ilkane of thame to haif twa chawm~ys w=t= +te remane~t of +te graith +t=t= effer~ +t~to and ane cu~nande ma~ to schut +tame And gif +taj haif na craft in +te schuting~ of thame as now +tai may leir or +te tym cum +t=t= will be nedfull to haif thame

ITEM as to +te thride artikill belangande +te sending to france The thre estat~ think~ it sufficie~tly p~uidyt at +tis tyme ane~t~ the mat~ ffor thai ar c~tent of +te l~res and Instruccion~is +tat ar passyt ITEM as to the feird artikill belangand +te pestilence and gou~nance +t~of The clergy think~ +t=t= +tar sulde na ma~ to lande nor to burghe +t=t= hais gud~ to serf hi~ self ande his me~+ge be put out of his awn~ hous~ les~ +tan he will no=t= remane nor may no=t= be closyt w=t=in his awne hous~ And gif he disobeyis his ny=t=bour~ in +t=t= cais~ he sall be c~pellyt to pas~ out of +te towne Ande gif +t~ be ony pur~ folk~ +t=t= hais na gud~ to fynde +tame self or put fur=t= of +te towne +taj of +t=t= town~ suld fynde +tame and no=t= lat +tame pas~ away fra +te place quhar +taj war depute to remane to fyle +te cu~tre about thame And gif ony sik folk~ put fur=t= of ony towne walde steyle away +taj of +te towne +t=t= put +tame out sulde ger folow +tame and bring +tame agane and compell +tame to remane and punys~ +tame for +t~ away passing And that na ma~ sulde byrne ane v+t~ ma~nys hous~ bot gif it may be done but hind~ing~ or skathing of his ny=t=bour~ And at +te p~lat~ mak gen~ale p~cession~is throu out +t~ dyoceis twys~ in +te wolk for stanching of +te pestilence and grant p~done to +te preist~ +t=t= gang~ in +te said p~cession~is ITEM as to +te artikill belangande +te mone It is statute +t=t= +te ordinance of +te p~liame~t maide of befor ane~t~ +te inbryngyn of Bul+geon be bett~ kepit and punyst +tan it has bene in tym bygane And at +t~ be mone of v+t~ cu~treis c~yt till haif cours~ in +te Realme sik as +te he~ry Inglis~ noble of pais~ to be c~yt to xxij s~ +te salute +te ridar +te crowne +te dalphyn to xj s~ +te Rens~ gulding to viij s~ Ande to the entent +t=t= +te Demyis +t=t= ar kepit in hade sulde cu~ out and haif cours~ throu +te Realme and syne to remane in +te Realme and no=t= to be hade out of it It is tho=t= spedfull +t=t= +te demy be c~yt to x s~ And +te new lion to haif cours~ for x s~ as it hais Ande +te new xij d~ grot to be c~yt to xij d~ no=t=gansta~ding it was ordanyt to haif cours~ for viij d~ fra c~tane tyme fur=t= Ande +te vj d~ grot till haif cours~ as it hais And at +t~ be cu~+geit of ilk pvnde in small pe~nys j s~ And at +te wardane se at +t=t= be done to +te fy~nes of +te mat~ +t=t= is cu~+geit as he will ansuer~ +t~for And at +te Inglis grot and half grot and pe~ny haif cours~ as +tai hade of befor Ande at +te lord~ and Auditour~ of +te chekar~ ernystly pryis~ ande examyn the fynnes ba=t= of golde and silu~ +te quhilk is pn~t to thame apone +te chekar in a buist be +te wardane of +te cun+ge And at +te cu~+geour~ vnd~ the payne of dede no+t~ cu~+ge demy nor vthir +t=t= is c~yt till haif cours~ in +te lande nor +git vj d~ grotis ITEM as to +te last artikill belangande Justice +te clergy think~ +te artikill is weill maide of +te self and beseik~ o=r= sou~ane lorde to ger it be c~tinuyt and

execute Ande that furthwithe +te lord~ be chargyt to begyne and sit in su~ cleyne place and m~istyr Justice and decide c~playnt~ eft~ +te teno=r= of +te act~ And +t=t= +taj be sworn~ in +te king~ pn~s to m~ist~ +te lawe iustly and ewynly And thir ar +te p~son~is chosyne The first monethe for +te clergy The bischope of du~keldin +te abbot of paslay +te abbot of melros~ ffor +te baron~is +Te lorde grah~me Schir pat~k of hepburn~ +te larde of carnbe ffor +te co~missar~ of burowys Will+game of cranstone of Edinburghe Robert narne of Strevilling ande Robert m~sar of perthe The secunde monethe for +te clergy The bischope of brechin +te abbot of Du~fermlyng~ +te abbot of lu~dor~ ffor +te baron~is The lorde abernethy +te larde of Calderwod s~=r= Robert of levinston~e ffor +te c~missar~ of burowis Wil+game bonar of sanct Andr~ Dauid spaldyn of du~dee and thomas And~sone of cowp The thride monethe for +te clergy The bischope of m=r=ray +te abbot of halirudhous~ +te dene of m=r=ray +te clerk of +te Regest~ ffor +te baron~ys The lorde lindissay of +te bir~ +te larde of murthle and +te constabill of du~dee For the c~missar~ of burowys Joh~ne of mar Joh~ne of fyf of abyrdene John~e of heytone of hadington~e And +te lord~ think~ spedfull +t=t= +t~ lord~ begyn to syt on +te monu~day +te viij day of noue~ber in Edinburghe And all caus~ +t=t= can no=t= be rede at +tis tyme be +te auditour~ of complaynt~ to be c~tinuyt to +t=t= day but p~iudice of p~ty And fra Edinburghe to pas~ quhar +te auditour~ think~ maist spedfull ITEM as tuiching +te c~playnt maide be +te uniu~sale burowys of +te Realme +t=t= pur~ co~monys ar gretu~ly i~iuryt and opprest be +te king~ s~ref~ constabl~is and

+t~ m~ist~is in tymis of far~ takande distress~ of +t~ gud~ of litill qua~tite quhilk +taj bring on +t~ hed~ or +t~ bakk~ or in +t~ armys in lik man~ of kerr~ sledd~ ande small tym~ It is sene speidfull +t=t= of sik gud~ of litill qua~tite or p~ce +t~ be na distress~ tane in tyme to cum for aulde vse and custum The s~ref sulde haif bot +te best ox or kow or vnriddyne hors~ quhilk~ ar stallit and bro=t= to sell Item of gret stall~ of m~chandice +te quhilk~ cu~is on hors~ bakk~ or cou~yt cramys +t=t= occupyis +te far~ of +te quhilk~ +taj haif vse to tak +t~ distres~ for the co~tinuacione of +te far~ The quhilk distres~ aw to be deliu~yt agane at +te court of +te fayr gif +te p~sone has done na defalt nor distrubling in +te fayr ITEM quhar~ +te constabill deput~ and his m~ist~is in +te tyme of +te Sessione and gen~ale consale and p~liame~t tak~ distress~ for constabill feis of all man~ of gud~ gret and small +t=t= cu~is to +te m~cat to sell baith # merchandice and vittail It is sene spedfull at +t=t= vse be laide done and forborn~ in tym to cum bot gif +te constabillis feftment beir him till it and at +t=t= be schawin to +te king and +te thre estat~ at +te nixt p~liame~t or gen~ale consale Ande at in +te meyne tyme +te constabill ces~ for +t~ can na lawe be fu~dyne accordande to +t=t= vse ITEM it is sen~e spedfull +t=t= Restrictione be maide of vittalys passande to berwik Roxburghe and Inglande vnd~ sik panys as effer~ [} (\APUD EDINBURGHE, VI DIE MARTII, A. D. M,CCCC,LVII.\) }] [^A PASSAGE IN LATIN OMITTED^] IN PRIMIS as to +te artikill of the Sessione it is seyne speidfull to +te king ande +te thre estat~ +t=t= it be # co~tynuit to +te nixt p~liame~t in man~ as eft~ folowys That is to say +te lord~ of the Sessione sall syt thrys~ in +te +ger~ ilk tyme xl dais in +tir thre plac~ Edinburghe perthe and abyrdene +Te nowm~ of +te p~so~is +t=t= sall sit salbe ix haifande power and votis in +te deliu~ance of caus~ of ilke Estate thre and +te clerk of +te Regest~ +Te Sessione nowe nixt to begin & be haldin at abirdene +te xv day of Junij and co~tinuande xl dais The secunde Sessione to begyne at perthe +t~eft~ +te v day of october and co~tinew v+t~ xl dais +Te thride Sessione

to begyn in Edinburghe +te xiij day of februare next +t~ eft~ and c~tinew xl dais The lord~ +t=t= ar chosyne to +te first Sessione in abyrdene ar +tir +Te Bischope of Ros~ catnes~ or m=r=ray +te abbot of der~ dene Dauid bane and maist~ walt~ ydyll for +te clergy +te Erle of Errole +te lorde gla~mys ande +te lorde forbes~ for +te baron~ys Jhone of fyffe Andro me~+geis and walt~ thomsone of Inu~nes for +te burowys +Te lord~ +t=t= sall sit in +te secunde Sessione in perthe +te bischope of du~keldin +te abbot of lu~dor~ +te archdene of sanctandr~ for +te clergy +te lorde gray pat~k of Rettray thomas of abyrcru~my of +t=t= Ilk for +te baron~is Archebald stewart Robert m~s~=r= & Dauid spalding for the burrowis +Te lord~ for +te thride Sessione i~ Edinburghe to be haldyne +te bischope of glasgw or galloway or ane v+t~ bischope +te quhilk +te king sall charge +t~to +te abbot of haly rudhous~ +te p~vest of linclowdane for +te clergy +te lorde lindissay & +te lorde halys for +te baronys William~e of cranstone Alex~ nap~ and Robert narn~e for +te burowis And at +te s~ref of +te schyr~ at +te lord~ sitt~ in be redy by thame for +te tyme of +t~ sitting till vnd~gang sik charg~ as +taj sall put till him togidd~ w=t= a masare to m~ist~ in his office THE causs~ +t=t= +te lord~ of +te Sessione sall knaw apone In +te first all spoliacione done fra +te first day of Januar~ +te +ger~ of o=r= lorde J=m= iiij=c= xlix +ger~~ be caus~ +t=t= +te act of spoliacione was maide +t=t= +ger~ And all v+t~ spoliacion~ +t=t= salbe done enduring +te +ger~ and termis of +te haldin of +te Sessione Item +te saidis lord~ of +te Sessione sall haif full power~ to knawe and decide all spoliacion~is maide fra +te day of +te coronacione of o=r= sou~ane lorde +te king to +te saide first day of Januar~ for +te space of a +ger nixt to cu~ The quhilk +ger~ gane and outrvn all sik spoliacion~ maide befor +te said first day of Januar~ salbe decydit and det~myt befor +te ordinar Jug~ of +te Realme the lord~ of +te Sessione haifande na power~ to knaw apone thame eft~ +t=t= +te saide +ger~ be outru~yn +Te quhilk~ accion~is of spoil+ge consist~ in twa man~is +te first is spoliacion~ of movabill gud~ no+t~ tuiching~ fee nor he~tage +te quhilk indifferentle salbe decidyt befor +te lord~ of +te Sessione +te secu~de spoliacione +t=t= # is to say done becaus~ of land~ or possessionis debatabl~e or grondyt apone fee and he~tage and apone sic spoliacione +te lord~ of +te Sessioun sall p~cede thus +t=t= is to say quhe~ +te p~ty spoil+geit complen+geis befor +te lord~ of +te Sessione on ony persoun +te lord~ sall call +te s~ref ande furthw=t= sall ger restor~ +te grovnde w=t=out p~iudice of ony p~ty tuichande +t~ fee ande he~tage Ande recognis~ +te land~ in +te king~ hand~ apon +te quhilk spoliacione is maide on to +te tyme +taj be lowsyt be +te king And +te king to mak Inquisicione to be tane be +te s~ref quha was last lauchfull possessour~ of +taj land~ And that inquisicioun to retoure agane to the king and thairefter lat thame to brogh to that last lauchfull possessour of thay landis And als +te saidis lord~ sall knawe apone all spoliacion~e of tak~ ande maling~ Ande alsua to knawe apone all obligacion~is contract~

and all man~ of dett~ ande v+t~ ciuile accion~is +te quhilk~ c~c~nys no+t~ fee nor he~tage Ande +te p~teis c~plen+geande to haif full fredome to folow +t~ accion~is befor +te saidis lord~ of +t~ ordinar Jug~ And for till eschew malicious~ vexacionis of ony p~ty folowande or defendande befor +te Sessione +te saidis lord~ sall furthwithe ger +te expe~s~ be payit to +te p~ty wranguis~ly vexit be +te modificacione of +te saide lord~ THE manere at +te caus~ salbe bro=t= befor +te lord~ of the Sessione is this The s~reff~ of +te schyr~ quhar~ +te saide lord~ sall syt salbe new warnyt to p~clame in ilkane of +t~ plac~ thre monethe of befor +te sessione to be haldin at dayis and place befoir writtin And gif ony persounis has ony accion~is to folow he sall warne +tame to pas~ to +te king~ chapell and rais~ Su~mond~ p~empto=r= apone xl dais And call his p~ty befor +te lord~ of +te Sessione +te quhilk~ sall m~ist~ thame Justice as effer~ Ande +tis su~mond~ to be vnd~stande apone accion~is done befor +te p~clamacione of +tis Sessione The p~ty sall ansuer~ p~empto=r=ly apon schort~ tyme eft~ as he beis su~monde sua +t=t= +te tyme of the Su~mond~ extend to xv dais And gif ony accion~e p~tening to +te saide lord~ knawlege be co~tinewit in +te tyme of +te saide Sessione in +te schyr quhar +te Sessione sitt~ be ony p~sonis thay person~is to be arestyt furthwithe w=t= a masare and Justice to be done +t~apone as effer~ And all vthir caus~ p~tenande to +te knawlege of the saide lord~ salbe vtt~ly decidyt and det~myt be thame but ony remeide of appellacione to +te king or to +te p~liame~t Ande quhat p~son~e +t=t= eu~ p=r=chess~ a su~mond~ apone his p~ty ande he haif ony prevys to leide at the rais~ than a Su~mond~ apone his prevys and bring thame w=t= him to +te Sessione as he will be s~uit ITEM as tuiching +te expens~ of +te lord~ befor w~tyne and +te plac~ +t=t= +taj sall syt in and +te gret gude of +te Realme c~sid~yt The lord~ of +te thre estat~ think~ +t=t= +te saidis lord~ of +te Sessione of +t~ awne benevolence sulde beir +t~ awne cost~ consid~ing +te schortnes~ of +te tyme of +t~ sitting +te q=lk= is bot xl dais and p~aue~to=r= in vij +geir no=t= to cu~ agane to thame And to support sum p~t of thair expens~ +taj sall haif +te king~ vnlawe of +t~ awn~ court +te quhilk salbe xl s~ vnforgiffyne to be devidit betuix thame and +te clerk of +te Regest~ be ewynly porcion~is ITEM +te saide thre Session~is endit o=r= sou~ane lorde and his consale sall ordane and name v+t~ lord~ to syt at tymis and plac~ sene speidfull to him and his saide consale on to +te tyme of +te nixt p~liame~t w=t= sik lyke power as thai hade of befor ITEM it is decretyt and ordanyt +t=t= wapinschawing~ be haldin be +te lord~ ande baronys spu~ale and temp~ale

four tymis in +te +ger~ And at +te fut ball ande +te golf be vtt~ly c~yt don~e and no=t= vsyt Ande at +te bowe m~k~ be maide at ilk p~roch kirk a pair~ of butt~ and schuting be vsyt ilk su~day And +t=t= ilk ma~ schut sex schott~ at +te lest vnd~ +te payne to be raisit apone thame +t=t= cu~is no=t= at +te lest ij d~ to be giffin to +tame +t=t= cu~is to +te bowe m~k~ to drink And this to be vsyt fra pasche till alhallomes~ efter And be +te nixt mydsom~ to be reddy w=t= all +t~ graith w=t=out fail+ge And that +t~ be a bowar and a fleg~ in ilk hede towne of +te schyr~ And at +te towne furnys~ him of stuf and graithe eft~ as ned~ him +t~to +t=t= he may s~ve +te cu~tre w=t= And as tuichande +te futball and +te golf we ordane it to be punyst be +te baronys vnlawe And gif he tak~ no=t= the vnlaw that it be takin be +te king~ officiar~ Ande gif +te p~rochin be mekill +t=t= +t~ be iij or iiij or fyue bow m~k~ in sik plac~ as ganys +t~ for And that ilk ma~ w=t=in +t=t= p~rochin that is w=t=in fyfte and passit xij +ger~ sall vse schuting and +t=t= me~ +tat is # outw=t= and past thre scoir +geir~ sal vse v+t~ honest ga~mys as effer~ ITEM as to +te mone +tir ar +te lord~ +t=t= ar chosyne +t~ apone The bischope of murray Ros~ or catnes~ +te abbot of Du~fermling +te abbot of halyrudhous~ maist~ pat~k +gong~ +te lorde grahame +te lorde lindissay +te lorde ha~myltone +te larde of cranston~e John~e of Dalry~pill archibalde stewarde alex~ nap~ george of fawla and Jhon~e of fyffe And thir p~so~is to be chargyt be +te king~ lr~es to co~vene in +te tyme of +te nixt chekar in +te place quhar~ +te chekar~ is haldin or ony v+t~ place sene speidfull till o=r= sou~ane lorde to co~mone and p~uyde apon +te mat~ of +te mone for +te p~fet of +te Realme And in +te meyn tyme it is sene speidfull +t=t= +te st~kin of +te cu~+ge ces~ quhill v+t~ # p~uisione be maide +t~for ITEM as ane~t +te reformacione of golde and silu~ wro=t= be goldsmythis ande to eschewe +te desaving done to +te king~ lieg~ +t~ salbe ordanyt in ilk burghe quhar~ goldsmy=t=~ wirk~ ane vnd~sta~dande and cu~nande man of gude conscience quhilk sall be dene of +te craft And quhe~ +te werk is bro=t= to +te goldsmy=t= and it be golde quhat golde +t=t= eu~ it beis bro=t= till him he sall gif it fur=t= agane in work na wer +tane xx granys And of silu~ quhat eu~ be bro=t= him he sall gif it fur=t= agane na wer~ na xj granys And +te said goldsmy=t= sall tak his werk or he gif it furthe and pas~ to +te dene of +te craft and ger him examyn +t=t= it be sa fyne as is befor w~ttyn And +te said dene of +te craft sall set his merk and takyn +t~to togidd~ w=t= +te said goldsmy=t=~ And gif faute be fundyne +t~in eft~wart~ +te dene forsaide and goldesmy=t=~ gud~ salbe in eschet to +te king and thar~ liff~ at +te king~ will Ande +te saide dene sall haif to his fee of ilk vnce wro=t= j d~ And quhar~ +t~ is na goldsmy=t= bot ane in a towne he sall schawe +t=t= werk taki~nit w=t= his awne merk to +te hede officiar~ of +te towne quhilkis sall haif a merk in lik man~ ordanyt +t~for

and salbe set to +te saide werk And quhat goldsmy=t= +t=t= giff~ furth his werk v+t~wayis +tan~ is befor w~tyne his gud~ salbe confyskyt to +te king and his life at +te king~ will ITEM it is sene speidfull +t=t= lit be c~yt vp and vsyt as it was wont to be And +t=t= na litstar be drapar nothir to by clay=t= nor +git tholyt to sell vnd~ +te payne of eschet +tair of &c~ ITEM anent +te estat of m~chandice and restriccione of the multitude of sailar~ It is sene speidfull to +te estate of clergy and +te baronys and statute be +te king That thar saill na p~son~is bot habl~e and of gud fame and at he haif at +te lest thre serplar~ of his awne gud~ of ell~ c~mittyt till him or +te availl +t~of And at the saylar~ in m~chandice be fre men of burowis and Induellar~ w=t=in +te burghe ITEM ane~t~ +te habit~ of Erlis and lord~ of p~liame~t c~missar~ of burowis and me~ of lawe it is sene spedfull at thai be maid and vsit eft~ +te teno=r= of +te act maide +t~apone And +t=t= +te king mak a patrone of ilk habite and all +te laif be maide +t~eft~ ITEM ane~t~ +te reformacione of hospitalys it is sene spedfull +t=t= o=r= sou~ane lorde charge his chancellar~ quhilk of lawe aucht to vesy the hospitalys fu~dyt be +te king And +taj iune to him +te ordinar of ilk diocese and v+t~is twa p~sonys of gude conscience to vesy +te saide hospitalys And quhar +tai can get +te fu~dacion~ of thame to ger thame be kepyt And quhar na fu~dacione can be gottin to tak ane Inquisicione of +te cu~tre and refer~ to +te king to se remeide +t~for Ande this to be put to execucione and to be done betuix +tis and m~ty~mes Thir ar +te p~so~is folowande +t=t= salbe iunyt to +te chancellar~ +te ordinar of +te diocese of sanctandr~ Robert of levinstone and +te archdene of sanctandr~ In +te diocese of glasgw +te larde of el+gotstone and +te archdene of glasgw In +te diocese of du~keldin +te dene of du~keldin and thomas of abircru~my In +te diocese of brechin s~ Jhon~e of ogilby ande +te dene of brechin In +te diocese of abyrdene +te lorde forbes~ and +te abbot of der~ In +te diocese of m=r=ray +te larde of dufhous~ ande +te abbot of kynlos~ In +te diocese of galloway +te lorde maxvell and maist~ John olyu~ In +te diocese of Ros~ +te chancellar~ of Ros~ and william~ vrquhard in crumbathy Ande for +te laif of +te dioces~ +te chancellar~ and quha~ he will tak w=t= hi~ ITEM +t=t= sen +te Realme in ilk estate is gretu~ly puryt throu su~ptuos~ clething ba=t= of me~ and weme~ and in speciall w=t=in burowis and co~monys to landwart +te lord~ think~ speidfull +t=t= rest~ccione +t~of be maide in +tis man~ That na ma~ w=t=in burghe +t=t= levys be m~chandice

bo=t= gif he be a p~sone c~stitute in dignite as auld~ma~ bail+ge or v+t~ gude worthi me~ +t=t= ar of +te consale of +te towne and thar~ wif~ weir~ clathis of silk nor costly scarlat~ i~ gownys nor furring~ of mertrik~ And at +taj mak +t~ wif~ and docht~is in lik man~ be abeil+geit ganeande and corespondande for thar estate that is to say on +t~ hed~ schort curches~ w=t= litill hud~ as ar vsyt in fland~is Inglande and v+t~ cu~treis And as to +t~ gownys +t=t= na woma~ weir mertrik~ nor letvis~ nor talys of vnsittande lenthe nor furryt vnd~ bot on +te haliday And in lik man~ w=t=out +te burowis of w+t~ pur ge~tillme~ and thar wif~ +t=t= ar w=t=in xl l~i of aulde extent And as ane~t~ +te co~monys +t=t= na lauborar~ nor husband~ weir on +te werk day bot gray and quhit and on +te haliday bot lycht blew or grene or rede and +t~ wif~ ry=t=sa and curches~ of +t~ awne making And at it excede no=t= +te p~ce of xl d~ +te Elne And at na woma~ cu~ to +te kirk nor m~cat w=t= hir face musalyt or cou~it +t=t= scho may no=t= be kende vnd~ +te payne of eschet of +te curche And as to +te clerk~ +t=t= nane sall weir gownys of scarlat nor furring of m~trik~ bo=t= gif he be ane p~sone c~stitute in dignite in cathedrale or college kirk or ellis +t=t= he may spende ij=c= m~k~ or gret nobl~es or doctour~ And +tis to be now p~clamyt and put to execucion~ be +te first day of maij vnd~ +te pane of eschet of +te habite +t=t= is to say of +te clerk~ be +te ordinar~ and +te laif be +te king~ officiar~ ITEM it is sene speidfull +t=t= Justice ayr~ be haldin and co~tinewyt +gerly out throu +te Realme for gude of +te c~movnys ITEM ane~t~ feuferme +te lord~ think~ speidfull +t=t= +te king begyne and gif exempill to +te laif And quhat prelate barone or frehaldar~ +t=t= can accorde w=t= his tenande apone setting of feuferme of his awin lande in all or in p~t o=r= sou~ane lorde sall ratify and appreif +te said assedacion~ Sa +t=t= gif +te tena~dry happy~nis to be in warde in +te king~ hand~ +te saide tenande sall remane w=t= his feuferme vnremovyt payande to +te king siklik ferme endurande +te warde as he dide to +te lorde sa +t=t= it be set to a competent auail w=t=out preiudice to +te king ITEM as to +te Regaliteis it is statute and ordanyt +t=t= all p~uileg~ and fredomys be kepit as +taj war fovndyt And gif ony lorde haifande Regalite abuse it in p~iudice of +te king~ lawis and brekin of +te cu~tre +t=t= +taj be punyst be +te king and be +te lawe as effer~ ITEM it is sene speidfull and statute +t=t= na beggar be tholyt to beg no+t~ within burghe nor to lande betuix xiiij and lxx +ger~ bot +taj be sene be +te avys~ of +te c~movnys of +te cu~tre +t=t= +taj may no=t= wyn +t~ leving v+t~ wayis And thai +t=t= sa beis fundyn haif a c~tane takyn to landwart of +te schiref and in burowis of +te auld~man~

ande bail+geis vnd~ +te payne of byrnyng on +te cheik and banysyng of +te cu~tre And +tat +tis be done be +te s~ref~ to landwart and be +te auld~ma~ ande bail+geis vnd~ +te payne of byrnyng on +te cheik and Banysyng of +te cu~tre And +tat +tis be done be +te s~ref~ to landwart and be +te auld~man~ and bal+geis in +te burowis ITEM ane~t mett~ and mesur~ it is sene speidfull +t=t= sen we haif bot a king and a lawe vniu~sale throu out +te Realme we sulde haif bot a met and mesur~ gen~ale to s~ue all +te Realme That is to say ane pynt q=lk= was giffin be +te ordinance of +te thre estat~ s~ Jhon~e forester +t=t= tyme beande chavm~lane to +te burgh of striuelling as for standart sall remane vniu~sale throuout +te Realme And +te f~lot salbe maide +t~eft~ That is to say ilk f~lot sall co~tene xviij pynt~ of +te sa~myn mesur~ rovnde and elik wyde vnd~ and abvne +te twa burd~ c~tenande evyne o=r= in thiknes~ ane inche and a half ande +te breide o=r= w=t=in +te burd~ xvj inchis ande a half Ande +te half f~lot and pek to folowe +t~eftir in +te sa~myn kinde And of thir saide mesur~ +t=t= is to say pynt and ferlot +t~ salbe new maide iij standart~ ane to be sende till abyrdene ane v+t~ to perthe and +te thride to Edinburghe to remane and now to be p~clamyt +tat fra +te fest of sanct michaell nixt to cu~ +t~ mesur~ of pynt and f~lot haif cours~ and nane v+t~ Sua +t=t= in +te menetyme all man~ of p~son~is +t=t= # think~ to vse +te said mesur~ may cu~ to +te saide plac~ and furnys~ thame w=t= +te saide mesur~ beande brynt and selyt w=t= +te selys of +tai sted~ as +taj will vse and be # s~uit +t~eftir And gif ony p~son~is eft~ +te saide termis vsys v+t~ mesour~ than +tir and +t~ may be taynt gottin +t~of be dittay or v+t~ wayis +tai sall pay +te vnlawe of +te chavm~lane ayre doublyt And gif ony man be foundyt of aulde or of newe of fyrmes~ of v+t~ mesur~ +tan +tir abone w~tyne +t~ foundacione sall stande in effect no=t= ganestanding +tis statute And +te mesour~ of +t~ fu~dacion~ salbe p~porcionyt to +tis mesur~ +t=t= now is sua +t=t= +te sa~myn~ qua~tite sall remane w=t= +te giffar~ and the ressauer~ but p~iudice of ony of +tame ITEM ane~t~ +te co~tentacion~e of p~teis plen+geande of diu~se p~so~is quhilk~ has remission~is of +te king It is sene speidfull for ony accione +t=t= is to be c~mittyt in tyme to cum quhe~ su~ eu~ +t=t= +te p~ty quhame it is plen+geit of alleg~ till his remissione as for spul+ge of gud~ o+t~ be thift or reif +te p~ty allegeande till his # remissione sall fynde fou~ borowis to c~tent +te p~ty plen+geande w=t=in xl dais nixt folowande And gif he dois no=t= he sall remane i~ +te king~ presone quhill +te saide xl dais be ru~nyn~ And +tan his remissione to be expiryt and of nane avale And as of action~is c~myttit in tymis bigane +te p~ty plen+geande sall haif recours~ to +te lord~ of +te Sessione the quhilkis sall haif power~ to ger +tame be restoryt eft~ +te teno=r= of +te act of spoliacion~ maide +t~apone Or gif it ples~ +te p~ty to folow to +te ferde ayr eft~ +te aulde vse and custu~ And +t~eft~ gif +te p~ty be no=t= c~tent his remissione to be expiryt and of nane avale as is befor saide

ITEM ane~t~ the Reformacione of chavm~lane ayr~ be +te quhilk~ all +te estat~ and specialy +te pur~ c~mownis ar fairly grevyt The lord~ in +te name of +te thre estat~ exhort~ o=r= sou~ane lorde +t=t= it ples~ him w=t= the saide consale of +te thre estat~ beande now pn~t to haif piete and c~sid~acion~ of +te mony and gret i~co~ue~ient~ +t=t= fallys vpone his pur~ lieg~ +t~ throu and of his grace to p~vyde suddane remeide and reformacion~ +t~of ITEM +te lord~ think~ speidfull +t=t= na frehaldar~ +t=t= hald~ of +te king vnd~ +te sovme of xx l~i be c~stren+geit to cum to p~liame~t or gen~ale consale as for pn~s bot gif he be a barone or ell~ spe~aly of +te king~ c~mandme~t be warnyt o+t~ be officiar~ or be wryte ITEM quhar~ +te king~ constabl~e deput~ and his m~ist~is in tyme of Sessione gen~ale consale or p~liame~t tak~ distress~ for constabl~e feis of all man~ of gud~ gret ande small +t=t= cu~is to +te m~cat to sell ba=t= m~chandice and vittalys It is sene speidfull at +t=t= vse be laide don~e and forborn~ in tym to cum bot gif +te constabl~is infeftme~t beire him +t~to and at +t=t= be schawin to +te king and +te thre estat~ at +te nixt p~liame~t or gen~ale consale And at in +te mentyme +te constabill~ ces~ for +t~ can na law be fu~dyn accordande to +t=t= vse ITEM o=r= sou~ane lorde and his thre estat~ ordanys and det~mys +t=t= gif ony of his officiar~ as s~ref~ mar~ bail+geis crownar~ s~iand~ p~vest~ of burowis and +t~ m~ist~is ba=t= to lande ande to burghe be fu~dyn negligent or fautyce in +te execucione of +tar office and it may be lauchfully p~vit on him or notourly kende gif +te saide office p~tenys to him in fee and he~tage he sall tyne his office and +te p~fett~ +t~of for ane +ger and a day ande be punyst be +te king in his person~e and gud~ eft~ +te qua~tite of his trespas~ And gif his office p~tenys no=t= to him i~ fee and he~tage he sall tyne his office for all +te tyme he has it and be punyst in his p~son~e eft~ +te qua~tite of +te trespas~ at +te king~ will ITEM it is sene speidfull to +te lord~ +t=t= w=t=in +te burowis throu out +te Realme na band~ nor lig~ be maide nor +git na commotioun nor rysing of c~mownys in hind~ing of +te c~mon lawe bot at +te c~mandme~t of thar hede officiar~ And gif ony dois in +te co~trary and knawlege and taynt may be gottin +t~of +tair gud~ +t=t= ar fu~dyn gilty +t~in to be c~fyskit to +te king and +t~ lif~ at +te king~ will And at na man duellande w=t=in burghe be fu~dyn in ma~rent nor ride nor rowt in feir of weir w=t= na man bot w=t= +te king or his officiar~ or w=t= +te lorde of +te burghe +t=t= +taj duell in or w=t= thar~ officiar~ vnd~ +te sa~myn pane And in lik man~ +t=t= na induellar~ w=t=in burghe nor landwart purches~ ony lordschipe in oppressione of his ny=t=bur~ in lik man~ vnd~ +te sa~myn~ payne

ITEM ane~t maist~full men +t=t= schapis thame to occupy maist~fully lord~ land~ ba=t= spu~ale and temp~ale The lord~ think~ speidfull +t=t= the p~so~is complen+geande vpone sik maisterfull men sall cu~ to +te king~ s~ref or bail+ge and ask his grovnde to be devodyt or to ask +te p~ty +t=t= occupyis +te grovnde quhat resone he pretend~ for him And gif +te s~ref fynd~ na resone in +te occupacione of +te grovnde he sall devoide +te grovnde ba=t= of him and his gud~ and charge him in +te king~ name +t=t= he mak na mare distribulance to +te lorde nor his grovnde in tym to cu~ und~ +te payne of +te king~ warde And gif he dois ony thing +t~atto=r= fur=t=w=t= to arreist his p~soun & send him to the kingis ward ITEM the lord~ think~ speidfull +t=t= in all Justice ayr~ +te king~ Justice ger tak Inquisicione of sornar~ bard~ maist~full beggar~ or fen+geit fulys and o+t~ ba~nys~ +tame +te cu~tre or sende +tame to +te king~ presone ITEM ane~t plantacione of wodd~ and hegg~ and sawing of brovm~ +te lord~ think~ speidfull +t=t= +te king charge all his frehaldar~ ba=t= spu~ale and temp~ale +t=t= in +te makyng~ of +tair witsu~dais set +taj statute and ordane +t=t= all +t~ tenand~ plant wodd~ and treis mak hegg~ and sawe brvme eft~ +te faculteis of +t~ maling~ in plac~ co~ue~iente +t~for vnd~ sik payne and vnlawe as +te barone or lorde sall modify ITEM ane~t the sawing of quheit peys~ and benys~ it is sene speidfull +t=t= ilk man erande w=t= a plewche of viij oxin sall sawe at +te lest ilk +ger ane firlot of quheit half ane firlot of peys~ and xl benys vnd~ +te payne of x s~ to +te barone of +te lande +t=t= he duell~ in als~ oft as he beis fundin fautice And gif +te barone sawis no=t= +te said corn~ in his demanys he sall pay to +te king x s~ And gif +te barone beis fundin negligent in +te rasing of +te saide payne on his husband~ +tar salbe raisit on him xl s~ als~ oft as he defalt~ to +te king but remissione ITEM it is ordanyt and decretyt +t=t= in all Justice ayr~ s~ref court~ and gen~aly all court~ spu~ale and temp~ale all p~so~is +t=t= sall cu~ +t~to lord~ spu~ale and temp~ale frehaldar~ and all v+t~is +te king~ lieg~ sall cu~ in sobyr and quiet man~ And at na man bring w=t= him ma p~son~is +tan ar in his daily houshalde and familiar~ And fra he be cu~in intill his innys~ he and +taj sall lay +tar wapy~nis and harnes~ fra +tame gif thaj bring ony w=t= +tame and vse na wapy~nis for +t=t= tyme bot his knyf And gif ony ma~ be fedyt or alleg~ feide or dreide of ony p~ty +te s~ref sall furthwithe of ba=t= +te p~teis tak law borowis and forbide thame in +te king~ name to distrubl~e +te king~ pece vnd~ +te payne of law +te quhilk payne +te king sall execute w=t=out remissione apone +te brekar~ of +te king~ pece forsaide Ande gif +te s~ref be negligent +t~in he salbe punyst eft~ +te forme

of +te statute maide of +te reformacion~ of faut~ and neglige~t officiar~ w=t=in +te Realme ITEM it is ordanyt +t=t= na ma~ mak +gard~ nor hegg~ of dry staik~ na Rys~ or styk~ nor +git of na hewyn wode bot allan~ly of lyffand wode +te quhilk may grow & plenyss~ ITEM ane~t~ +te keping of bird~ and wylde foulys +t=t= ganis to eit for +te suste~tacione of ma~ as pert~k~ pluvar~ wilde duk~ and sik lik fowlys it is ordanyt +t=t= na ma~ distroy +tar nest~ nor +tar egg~ nor +git sla wilde foulys in movting tyme quhe~ thai may no=t= fle And +t=t= all men eft~ +tair power~ distroy nest~ egg~ and bird~ of foylys of reif ITEM ane~t~ ruk~ crawys and v+t~ foulys of reif as ernys bussard~ gledd~ and myttall~ +te quhilk~ distroyis ba=t= cornis and wilde foulys sik as pert~k~ pluvar~ and v+t~is And as to +te ruk~ and crawys bigande in orchard~ kirk +gard~ or v+t~ plac~ it is sene speidfull +t=t= +tai +t=t= sik treis p~tenys to let +tame to big and distroy +tame w=t= all +t~ power~ and on na wys~ +t=t= +t~ bird~ fle away And quhar~ it is tayntit at +tai big and +te bird~ be flowyne and +te nest~ fundin in +te treis at beltan +te treis salbe forfaltit to +te king bot gif thaj be redemyt agane And thaj +t=t= aucht +te saide treis in v s~ of wnlaw to +te king And at +te saide foulis of reif be vtt~ly distroyit be all man~ of man be all ingyne and man~ of way +t=t= may be fu~dyne +t~to for +te slaucht~ of +tame sall caus~ gret multitude of diu~s~ kynd~ of wilde foulys for ma~nis suste~tacion~e ITEM ane~t~ rede fische it is ordanyt +t=t= quha sa beis c~uickit of slaucht~ of rede fische in tyme forbodyn be +te lawe +te doar and he +t=t= bidd~ it be done sall pay x l~i for +te vnlawe but remissione And at +te thride tyme ande he be c~uickit of sik trespas~ he sall by his lyf And gif ony ma~ be infeft of fredome to fische in forbodyn tyme sik p~uilege sall ces~ quhill +te nixt p~liame~t And gif ony dois +te co~trary he sall pay ane vnlawe befor +te Justice apone +te quhilk trespas~ +te Justice clerk sall inquyr~ at +te resaving of +te dittay as of v+t~ poyntt~ belangand h~ offys~ ITEM +t=t= na ma~ in smolt tyme set veschellis crelys wer~ or ony v+t~ ingyne to lat +te smolt~ to pas~ to +te see vnd~ +te payne of x l~i to +te king And at +te s~ref of +te lande distroy +tame +t=t= ar maide ITEM it is ordanyt for +te distruccione of wolf~ +t=t= in ilk cu~tre quhar ony is +te s~ref or +te bail+geis of that cu~tre sall gad~ +te cuntre folk thre tymis in the +ger~ betuix sanct m~k~ day and la~mes~ for that is +te tyme of +te quhelpis And quhat eu~ he be +t=t= ryss~ no=t= w=t= +te

s~ref or +te bail+ge or barone w=t=in him self he sall pay vnforgeuin a wedd~ as is c~tenyt in +te aulde act maide +t~apone And he +t=t= slays ane wolf +tan or ony v+t~ tyme he sall haif of ilk hous~ hald~ of +t=t= p~rochin +t=t= +te wolf is slayne w=t=in j d~ And gif it # happy~nis ony wolf to cu~ in +te cu~tre +t=t= witting is gottyne +t~of +te cu~tre salbe redy and ilk houshald~ to hvnt +tame vnd~ +te payne forsaide And he +t=t= slays ane wolf sall bring +te hede to +te s~ref bail+ge or barone and he salbe detto=r= to +te slaar for +te sovme forsaide And quha eu~ he be +t=t= slays a fox and bring~ +te hede to +te schiref lorde barone or bail+ge he sall haif vj d~ ITEM ane~t~ +te slaar~ of har~ in snawe tyme and distruccione of cu~ny~gis +te thre estat~ declarys +t=t= it salbe a poynte of dittay ITEM quhar~ it was actit and statute of befor in +te p~liame~t in o=r= sou~ane lord~ tyme +t=t= last descessit +te # +ger of o=r= lorde J=m= iiij=c= xx & iiij +ger~ +tat all lesyng makar~ and tellar~ of +tame +te quhilk~ ingen~is discorde betuix +te king and his pepill quhar~ eu~ +t~ may be taynt gottin of +tame +taj salbe chalangyt befor +tame +t=t= power hais~ and tyne lyf~ and gud~ to +te king +tat act be +tis pn~t p~liame~t is confirmyt apprevyt and ordanyt to be cons~uyt and execute in tyme to cum ITEM quhar~ it was statute in a p~liame~t of o=r= sou~ane lord +t=t= last decessyt +te xxvj day of may +te +ger~ of o=r= lorde J=m= iiij=c= & xxiiij +ger~ +t=t= na ma~ mak mur~byrne eft~ +te monethe of m~che quhill all cornys be schorn~ vnd~ +te payne of xl s~ to be raisit to +te lorde of +te lande of +te byrnar~ And gif he has no=t= to pay at he be p~sonyt xl dais And gif +te lorde of +te lande rais~ no=t=

+te payne na punys~ no=t= +te trespassouris as is befor saide +te Justice clerk be indictme~t sall ger sik # trespasso=r=~ as is befor said be correkit befor +te Justice and punyst as is befor w~tyne In +tis p~liame~t +te thre estat~ appreuys +tis statute and ordanys it to be kepit in tyme to cum ITEM +te lord~ think~ speidfull +tat our~ sou~ane lorde c~mande all his s~ref~ ande c~missar~ of burowis to cum to +te clerk of his Regestre and ger copy all +tir articul~ act~ and statut~ abone writtyn~ and ger p~clame +tame opinly throu out +tar schyr~ and burowis sa +tat nane of his lieg~ allege ignora~ce of +tame in tyme to cum And alsua +tat all +te act~ and ordinancis abone writtyn~ +te quhilk~ ar necessary till his baron~is and frehaldar~ to be schawin at +t~ witsu~dais making~ or in +t~ baron~e court~ ry=t= sa be takin and copyit and schawin to his tenand~ sa +tat no+t~ +te frehaldar nor +te tena~d~ be negligent nor p~t~myt +te obs~uyng~ of +te saidis decret~ and at +te paynis set +t~apone be sa deuly raisit +tat +te said~ act~ and decret~ be obs~uyt and kepit as effer~ ANDE +t~ attour~ sen~ gode of his he grace has send our~ sou~ane lorde sik p~gres~ and prosp~ite +tat all his rebellys and brekar~ of his Justice ar removit out of his Realme and na maist~full p~ty remanande +tat may caus~ ony breking in his Realme sa +tat his hienes~ be inclinyt i~ himself and his m~ist~is to +te quiet & c~mon~e p~fett of +te Realme and Justice to be kepit amang~ his lieg~ his thre estat~ w=t= all hu~ilite exhort~ ande requir~ his hienes~ to be inclynit w=t= sik diligence to +te execucion~e of +t~ statut~ act~ and decretis abone writtyn~ +t=t= god may be emplesit of him and all his lieg~ spu~ale and temp~ale may pray for him to gode and gif thankyng~ to him +tat sende +tame sik a p~nce to +t~ gou~no=r= and defendo=r=

[} (\ACTA PARLIAMENTJ JACOBJ T~CIIJ INCHOAT~ & TE~T~ APUD EDI~B~GH XX=MO= NOUE~BR~ A~NO LXIX=O=\) }] IN the first It Is statut and ordanit that +te fredome of haly kirk be obs~uit & kepit in all ymunit p~uelege and fredome In like wis~ as It has bene in tymes of maist noble princis p~decessouris & p~genitouris to Oure Sou~ane lorde of hail mynde quham god assoil+ge ITEM as to +te Article of schireff~ and v+t~ Jug~ ordinaris quhilk~ wil nocht execut thare office and mi~stir Justice to +te pure pepil It is statut & ordanit +t=t= +te partij conplen+geand in ony part of +te Realme sall first cum to his Juge ordinare of temp~ale landis as Justice schireff Stewart bail+ge barone p~vost of bail+gis of burowis and mak his conplant and ask admi~stracione of Justice And gif he gettis Justice dewly execut & mi~sterit to him he mon Remai~ c~tent And gif +te Juge ordinar~ fail+gis him and wil nocht mi~stir to him Justice he sal tu~ to +te king & his consail & tak lr~es and su~mond his partij And in like wis~ his Juge ordinar~ quhat eu~ he be of temp~ale la~d~ And gif +te Juge be fundin culpable & wald nocht mi~stir Justice he salbe punyst & put fra his office for c~tane tyme eftir +te discrecioune of Oure Sou~ane lorde & his consail and pay +te expens~ of +te partij conplen+geande And Oure Sou~ane lorde sal ger mi~stir Justice to +te said partij conplen+geande in +tat case And gif +te Juge ordinare mi~st~is him p~ciale Justice & dois him wrang in +te admi~stracion~ of Justice In like wis~ +te partij conplen+geande sal su~mond him befor~ +te king & his consail And gif before +tame he be fundin culpable or p~ciale in +te admi~stracioune of Justice be it a s~ef bail+ge or vthir officiare of fee he salbe put fra his office for thre +geris And gif he be a s~ef or ony vthir Juge ordinar~ for a tyme he salbe put p~petualy fra his office & pay +te expens~ of +te partij & his p~sone punist at +te king~ will / and like wis~ +te officiaris of fee And gif +te partij conplen+geand vpone his Juge ordinare be fundin be +te king & his consail in +te wrang he sal pay +te expens~ of +te said Juge ordinare for his vexacioune & his p~soune punyst at +te king~ will in like And gif ony persone hafe ony p~pir action~e agai~ +te s~ef or ony Juge ordinare It salbe leful to him to cum to +te king and othir su~mond his partij before +te king or mak ane vthir officiare i~ +tat part to mi~stir Justice to him And +tat Ilka Juge ordinar~ s~ef or ony v+t~is salbe haldin to a~suer~ for +tair deput~ as +tame self Neu~ +te les It salbe leful to +te king~ hienes to tak +te desision~ of ony actioun~e +tat cu~mis before him at his emplesance like as It wes wont tobe of before &c~ ITEM as tuiching +te new Inue~tion~s of selling of landis be chartir & sesing and takin agai~ of Reu~sion~s And It happin +te byare to sell agai~ +te samy~ land to

ane v+t~ p~sone It is now sene expedient in +tis pn~t p~liame~t & according to law & c~science that +te sellare sall haue Recours~ to +te samyn land~ sauld be him vnd~ lr~e of Reu~sione to quhatsu~eu~ hand~ +te said lr~e cu~mys~ payand +te mone & schawand +te Reu~sione and haue sic p~uelege & fredome aganis +te p~sonis +tat hald~ +te said landis as he suld haue agai~ +te p~ncipale first byare And becaus~ sic Reu~sion~s may of case be tynt Oure Sou~ane lord sall mak +te said Reu~sionis tobe Regest~it in his Registir gif It be Requerit on~ +tair expens~ that is to say on~ ilk ane half a merk +te quhilk Registir sall haue +te samyn~ force as +te p~ncipale Reu~sione wer schawing for +te tyme ITEM as anentis obligation~s +tat salbe folowit in tyme cu~myn except +tame +t=t= ar dependand in +te law befor~ +te makin of +tis Act / It is avisit +tat +te partij to quham +te obligatione is maid or +tat has Int~ess~ +t~in sall folow +te said obliga within +te space of fourty +geris & tak docume~t +t~upone And gif he dois no=t= It sall p~scrife & be of nai~ avail +te said fourtj +ger~ beand Ro~nyng & vnp~sewit be +te law ITEM as tuiching the electioune of Ald~man bail+gis and v+t~is officiaris of burowis becaus~ of gret truble and c~tensione +geirly for +te chesing of +te samyn~ throw multitud & clamor of c~monis sympil p~sonis It is thocht expedient +tat nai~ officiaris na consail be c~tinuit eftir +te king~ lawis of burowis forthir +tan a +geir And at +te chesing of +te new officiaris be in +tis wis~ that Is to say +tat +te Aulde counsail of +te toune sall cheis~ +te new counsail in sic novmyr as accord~ to +te toune And +te new counsail & +te aulde of +te +geir before sall cheis~ all officiaris p~tenyng to +te toune as Ald~man bail+gis Dene of gild and v+t~is officiaris And +tat Ilka craft sall cheis~ a p~sone of +te samy~ craft that sall haue voce in +te said electioune of +te officiaris for +tat tyme in like wis~ +geir be +geir And atoure It Is thocht expedient +tat na capitane nor con~nstable of the king~ castellis quhat toune +tai evir be in sall beir office within +te said toune as to be Aldirman bail+ge Dene of gild thesaurare na nai~ vthir officiare +tat may be chosing be +te toune fra +te tyme of +te next chesing furth &c~ ITEM It Is thocht expedient that sen Oure Sou~ane lord has ful Jurisdictioune & fre Impire within his Realme +tat his hienes may mak notaris & tabellionis quhais Instrume~t~ sal haue ful faith in all c~tract~ Ciuile within +te Realme And in tyme cu~myn +t=t= na notaris maid nor to be maid be +te Imp~ouris Autorite haue faith in c~tract~ Ciuile within +te Realme les +tan he be examinyt be +te ordinare & app~uit be +te king~ hienes And +tat ful faith be gevin to +te papale notaris in tymes bygane & to cum In all thare Instrume~t~ And als +t=t= ful faith~ be gevin to all Instrument~ gevin of before be +te Imp~iale notaris like as +tai ar of

vail And atoure +tat +te notaris tobe maid be Oure Sou~ane lorde be examinit before +tair ordinaris bischopis and haue c~tificacioune of +tame +tat +tai ar of faith gude fame science & lawte according for +te said office ITEM to eschew +te dissate & skaith +tat Oure Sou~ane lord~ liegiis dayly and at all tymes sustenis be +te metting of woln~ clath be +te selwich It Is thocht expedient +tat in tyme cu~myn all woln~ clatht be met be +te Rig and nocht be +te selwich &c~ ITEM as twiching +te Indorsing of +te king~ breuis & lr~es that ful faith may be gevin +t~to It is sene expedient in +tis pn~t p~liame~t that s~eff~ bail+geis or ony vthir officiar~ o+t~ of fee or in +tat part +tat executis +te said~ breuis & lr~es sett +tair Selis or signetis before witnes and p~cure gif +tai haue nai~ to all executione & Indorsing of +te saidis breuis & lr~es Sua +tat faith may be gevin +t~to And vthir ways +tair Indorsing to haue na faith~ &c~ ITEM becaus~ +tair Is abusione fundin in +te keping of faris p~liament tymes and gen~ale counsalis that +te gret constablis of castellis s~eff~ or bail+geis of burowis tak~ gret extorsion~s of +te king~ pure liegiis quhilk +tai call +tair dewit~ and feis +tat Is nocht aucht to +tame like as of Ilk laid of flesch fisch vittalis meil or malt or sic like burding~ of foulis on~ me~nis bakkis and vthir thing~ borne in me~nis hand~ to +te quhilk +tai haue na Resone It Is sene expedient and statute in +tis pn~t p~liame~t +tat all sic thing~ be forborn~ in tyme tocum And na sic extorsionis be takin of +te king~ liegiis vnd~ +te payn of punycioune of +tair personis at +te king~ will and to be put fra +te executione of +t~ office for a +geir &c~ ITEM becaus~ of +te kepin of +te haly day and devyne s~uice quhilk~ ar gretly brokin and nai~ly for pu~ding of malis & a~nualis incasting and owt casting of tennandis quhilkis makkis gret discensioune and caus~ oft ty~mes gret gad~ing~ and discordis vpone +te solempnit days of witsonday and martymes / for +te eschowing of +te quhilk It is thocht expedient in +tis pn~t p~liament +tat +te said pundin for malis and a~nualis Incasting & owt casting of tenandis be deferrit to +te thrid day eftir witsunday or martymes without p~iudice of ony p~sonis And in like wis~ +tat +tair be na faris haldin on~ haly days bot on~ +te morne +t~eft~ ITEM becaus~ of +te eschowing of gret slacht~is quhilk~ has bene Richt c~mone ymang +te king~ liegiis now and of late baith of fore thocht felony and of sudda~te And becaus~ mony personis c~mittis slachteris vpone forthocht felony in trast +tat +tai salbe defendit throw +te Immunite of haly kirk and girth / and pass~ & Remanis

in Sanctuaris It Is now thocht Richt expedient in this pn~t p~liament for the stanching of +te said slachtir in tyme cu~myn quhare slachtir Is c~mittit of forthocht felony / and +te c~mittare of +te said felony puttis him in girth for saift of his p~sone / the schireff sall cum to +te ordinar~ in placis +t=t= Is vndir +tair Jurisdiction~e and in placis exe~pt to +te lorde maist~is of +te girtht and lat him wit +tat sic a ma~ has c~mittit sic a cryme of forthocht felony (\tanq~ Incediator via~ et p~ Industriam\) for +te quhilk +te law grantis nocht nor levis sic p~sonis to Jois~ +te Immunite of +te kirk And +te schireff sall Requere +te ordinare to lat a knawlege be takin be ane assis~ on~ xv days quhethir It be forthocht felony or nocht And gif it be fundin forthocht felony tobe punyst eftir +te king~ lawis And gif It be fundin suddante tobe Restorit agai~ to +te fredome & Immunite of haly kirk and girth And +t~upone to set gude sou~te to +te ordinar~ And that sou~te beand fundin +te said ordinare & maist~ of +te girth~ sall suffir +te p~sone tobe had to +te said knawlege And +tat +te schireff sall put in executione +tai Act~ of king James +te first maid vpone slachtir and fugitouris fra +te law quhilk~ beris in effect +tat quhat tyme ony s~eff be c~tifit of ony slachtir o+t~ be +te partij or ony vthir way he sall in c~tinent Rais~ +te king~ horne & his liegiis within +te bound~ of his office and pass~ and seik +tat p~sone and do Justice vpone him eftir +te lawis of +te Realme And gif he be fugitive and eschape owt of his s~efdome he sall send ane officiare to +te s~eff in quhais s~efdome he ent~is In And denu~ce and signify to him +tat sic a ma~ has done sic a trespas and felony agai~ +te king within +te boundis of his schire and has eschapit out of +te samyn and cu~myn within +te bound~ of his office chargeing him in +te king~ name and be +te virtu of this Act to Rais~ +te king~ liegiis and his horne in like wis~ and p~sew +tat trespassoure quhil he be ouretane or put him out of his schire And in like wis~ send his officiaris to +te next schiref in quhais schire +te said trespassoure ent~is In to p~sew him quhil he be our~taki~ or ellis put out of +te Realme And atoure that Ilka s~ef of +te schire quhare +te said fugitoure Is socht and nocht ourtane sal pass~ to +te hed burgh of his schire and p~clame vpone +te king~ behalf +tat sic a ma~ has c~mittit sic a slacht~ & felony & Is fugitive fra +te law and chargis all +te king~ liegiis that na man tak vpon~ hand to hous~ herbery Resset nor help +te said trespassoure be ony man~ of waye vnd~ +te pai~ of tynsail of life and gudis And her~upon~ +tat +te king~ dittay be takin in his Justice Are and to be punyst as Is abone writtin And gif ony s~eff be fundin culpable her~upon~ in +te executioune of his office +te said s~ef salbe punyst at +te king~ will And be Removit fra his office for thre +geris And gif +te s~ef be fundin diligent in +te executioune of his office or ony vthir p~sone +tat labouris for +te takin of +te said trespassoure salbe Rewardit & thankit +t~for be +te king as efferis &c~ ITEM to eschow +te gret herschip and distruction~s of +te king~ c~monis malaris and Inhabitaris lord~

landis throw +te force of +te brefe of distres that quhar~ ony sovmes ar optenit be virtu of +te said brefe vpon~ +te lord Awnare of +te ground that +te gudis and catal of +te pur~ me~nis In habitaris of +te ground ar takin & distren+geit for +te lord~ dettis quhare +te malis extendis nocht to +te avail of +te det It Is avisit and ordanit in +tis pn~t p~liame~t that fra hyne furth +te pure tenand~ sal nocht be distren+git for +te lordis dettis forthir +tan his t~mes mail extendis And gif +te sovme optenit be +te brefe of distres excedis +te termis mail +te officiare sal at +te Instance of +te partij +tat optenis +te det / gang to ony v+t~ gud~ p~pir of +te dettour~ and pay +te Remanent of his det gif he has samekle within +te schire And gif he has nocht samekle gudis na landis within +te said schire the creditour~ sal cu~ to +te king and bring certificatioune of +te schiref how mekle he want~ of +te sovme Recou~it be +te brefe of distres and may nocht get his p~pir gudis within +tat schire And +te king sal gif him his lr~es to ony v+t~ s~eff~ quhar~ +te # dettoure has ony gud~ or malis within +te Realme and ger +tai~ be p~cit and pay +te said credito=r= within xv days eftir +te forme of law And quhare +te dettoure has na moueble gudis bot his lande / the schireff befor~ quham +te said sovme Is Recou~it be +te brefe of distres sall ger sell +te lande to +te avail of +te det and pay +te credito=r= Sua that +te Inhabitantis of +te said land~ be nocht hurt nor grevit for +tair lordis dettis Neu~ +te les It salbe leful to +te p~sone +tat aucht +te lande first to Redeme and qwit out +te samyn agai~ within vij +geris / payand to +te byar +te mone +tat It was sauld fore and +te expens~ maid on~ +te Oure lorde for chartir sesing and Infeftment And +te Redempcioune and lousing tobe maid within vij +geris as said is or nocht And gif +te creditour takk~ +te termes mail be virtu of +te brefe of distres It sall nocht be leful to +te lorde to tak It agai~ And gif +tair can nocht be fundin a byar to +te saidis landis the s~eff of +tat schire or ony vthir quhar~ he has lande sall cheis~ of +te best and worthiast of +te schire and lest suspect to ony of +te partiis to +te nowmyr of xiij p~sonis and apprice +te said landis and assigne to his creditoure to +te avail of +te said sovme within vj moneth~ eftir at +te said sovme be Recou~it befor~ +te schireff And al~s +te Oure lorde sall Ressaue +te creditour~ or ony vthir byar tennande to him / +tai payande to +te Oure lorde a +geris mail as +te lande Is set for +te tyme And fail+geing +t~of that he tak +te lande to him self and vndirgang +te det &c~ ITEM for +te multiplicacioune of fisch salmonde grils~ and trowtis quhilkis ar distroyit be cowpis narow mass~ nettis and pri~nis set in to Reu~is that has~ cours~ to +te sey or set within +te flude merk of +te seye It Is avisit in +tis Instant p~liament +tat all sic cowpis & pri~nis be distroyit and put away for thre +geris And quha sa hald~ +tai~ vp salbe Inditit & punyst be +te king~ Justice in til his Justice Are as +te distroyaris of Red fisch eftir +te tenor~ of +te Act of slacht~ of Red fisch last maid of befor~ And in like wis~ all myllaris +tat slais Smotis with crelis or ony vthir maner of way salbe

punyst be +te king~ lawis eftir +te tenor of +te forsaid Act last maid vpone +te Red fisch And +tat Ilka schireff within his schire sal distroy and cast doune +te saidis Instrume~t~ cowpis pri~nis narow mass~ nettis crelis or ony sic like &c~ ITEM It is sene expedient that +te court of p~liament Justice Are chawm~lane Are or sic like courtis that has c~tinuatioune nede nocht tobe c~tinuit fra day to day bot +tat +tai be of sic strinth and fors~ as +tai had bene c~tinuit fra day to day vnto +te tyme +tat +tai be dissoluit / +te p~liament be +te king +te Justice Are be +te Justice +te chawm~lane Are be +te chawm~lane & vtheris sic like courtis And that nai~ exceptionis to be p~ponit be ony p~sonis be admittit in +te contrare &c~ ITEM for samekle as +te sett~day and vthir vigillis ar nocht of law biddin haly day bot fra evin sang to evin sang that +t~for masonis wricht~ and vthir craftis men +tat ar set for lang tyme or schort for +te werk sall wirk on~ +te settirday and vthir festuale evi~nis quhil foure houris eftir none vndir pai~ of tynsail of his wolk~ fee / and +t=t= [{thay{] keip na ma haly days na Is biddi~ of halykirk of gret solempnit festis And gif ony dois in +te c~trar~ +tat +te ordin~ lede p~cess~ of cursing vpone +tame &c~ ITEM becaus~ +tat in +te last p~liame~t +tair wes a notable Act maid vpone +te reduction~s of hospitalis to +tair first fundatione and na executioune maid +t~upone her~tillis It is thocht expedient in +tis pn~t p~liament +tat +te said Act maid of before for +te Reductione of +te said hospitalis of +te Realme be put to executione and at +te thre estatis of +te Realme Requere +te king~ hienes & +te ordinaris to mak +te said Act be execut obs~uit & kepit And that maist~ Richard guthre be p~ncipal confessoure to +te king and gen~ale elemosinar~ and +tat he be stuffit be +te king~ autorite and +te ordinaris for Reformatione of +te samyn~ &c~ ITEM in like wis~ the statute maid vpone +te feriaris for brigg~ to be maid for the saifte of hors~ be put til executioune and +te personis punyst +t=t= has bene neglegent in +te kepin of +te samyn~ &c~ ITEM It Is thocht expedient +tat +te king~ Rollis and his Registir be put in bukis and haue sic strinth~ as +te Rollis had of befor~ &c~ ITEM It is statut and ordanit that +tair be na deneris of frans~ mail+gis cort~ mytis nor nai~ vthir cont~fetis of blac mone tane in payment in this Realme bot Oure Sou~ane lordis awne blac mone strikkin & prentit be his cu~+gour~ And that na man~ of p~sonis bring ony

strang~ blac mone of v+t~ Realmis in +tis lande or cont~fete +te king~ mone vndir pai~ of deid And attoure +tat na ma~ i~ tyme tocum tak in payment nor offir for payment ony blak mone bot Oure Sou~ane lord~ awne cu~+ge for quha +tat +tai be fundi~ with salbe dettoure of +tame &c~ ITEM +te hail thre estatis has c~mittit ful power to thir p~sonis vnd~writtin of +te haill p~liament to auise c~mone and Refer agai~ to +te next p~liament or gen~ale consail of thir mat~is vnd~writtin &c~ In +te first to auise vppone +te Inbringing of bullion~ in +te Realme and of +te kepin of +te mone in +te Realme and to auise vpon~ +te cours~ +t=t= +te mone sal hafe &c~ Item of +te Reductione of +te king~ lawis Regia~ maiestate~ act~ statut~ & v+t~ buk~ to be put in a volu~ and tobe autorizit & +te laif to be distroyit Item to auise for Reformatione for mane sworne Athis & to set punytion~ +t~upo~ Item to auise vppone all vthir Articulis that salbe thocht spedful for +te honor~ of Oure Sou~ane lorde and +te c~mone gude of +te Realme And thir personis to c~vene togiddir in Edinburgh +te first monu~day of lentern~e &c~ ffor +te p~latis my lorde of Ab~dene +te Abbot of halirudhous~ +te Officiale maist~ John~ ott~burn~ & maist~ martyne Wan~ ffor +te baronis +te lorde ha~miltoune +te lorde lile maistir dauid guther~ & maist~ Ada~ of cokburn~ ffor +te c~issaris of burowis Walt~ Stewart Wat +Gong Androu Ala~sone & Androw chart~is ITEM +te p~lat~ ar accord=t= for to mak +te cost~ of +tair iiij clerk~ & +te baron~s to mak +te cost of +t~ iiij p~son~s & +te c~i~ssaris for +tar~ for twa moneth &c~

IN oure souu~ai~ lord~ p~liame~t haldi~ & begu~nyn~ At Edinburgh~ +te tue~ty day of +te moneth~ of Noue~ber +te +ger~ of our~ lord a thousand four hundreth~ sexty & nyne +ger~ It is act and~ statute be our~ souu~ai~ lord~ & +te thre estat~ In +te said p~liame~t that for alsmekle as our hali fad~ the pape & +te sege of Rome has gra~t=t= a p~uilege & ane Indult p~petuale to +te p~lat~ bischopis of sai~tand~ to Conferme +te p~soun~s +tat salbe chosin or postulat be c~ue~t~ to be abbot~ or p~our~ within +te diocy of Sai~tand~ quhilk~ indult & p~uilege Is ry=t= honorabl~e in +te selue And tend~ to +te Comoun~ p~ffit of +te Realme And our~ souu~ane lord~ lieg~ +t=t= +t~for +te said Indult & p~uilege salbe obs~uit & kepit be our~ souu~ai~ lord~ his successour~ & lieg~ In ty~ tocu~ without violacioun~ or breking of +te sa~my~ And +t=t= na p~soun~s his liegis or subdit~ of quhatsu~eu~ stait deg=e= or ordour~ +tai be of to our souu~ai~ lord~ be ony man~ of menys or wayis In tyme tocu~ tend~ In +te co~trar~ of +te said Indult or p~ueleg~ / And purches~ ony Abbasys or p~ouryis +t=t= sall vaik withi~ +te diocy of Sai~tand~ In tyme cu~mi~g p~teni~g to +te c~firmacioun~ of +te said p~late bischop of Sai~tand~ beand~ for +te tyme bot be +te said Indult & p~uilege Or rais~ ony c~missioun~ aganis +te p~soun~s now p~movit or to be p~mouit c~fermit & tobe co~fermit be +te said p~late bischop of Sai~tand~ for +te tyme vnd~ +te pai~ of Banysing p~petuale & p~sc~pcioun~ of +te Realme And vnd~ all +te hiest pai~ of tresoun~ And cryme of oure souu~ai~ lord~ hurt maieste & his successour~ And In likwis~ It Is ordanit +t=t= na p~soun~s lieg~ to our~ said souu~ai~ lord~ purches~ ony Benefice without +te Realme quhilk Is of Auld vse and c~suetude / & was eu~ obs~uit & vsit tobe p~sent gevi~ or conf~mit within +te Realme be +te patron~s or ordinar~ of +te diocy / or Rais~ ony Co~missioun~ +t~uppoun~ vnd~ sic lik pai~ and Incurri~g of +te king~ hie Indignacioun~. And +t=t= +te Abbasys and p~ourys withi~ the said diocij of sai~tand~. +t=t= Is to say +te p~oury of sai~tand~ +te abbasy of kelso +te abbasy of du~fermlyng +te abbasij of Abbirbrothok +te abbasij of hali Rud hous~ +te abbasy of Scone +te abbasij of lundor~ +te abbasij of Ca~busky~neth~ / +te abbasij of driburgh~ +te abbasij of Balmerenach~ / +te abbasij of Coupir / +te abbasij of Newbotle / +te p~oury of Coldinghame / +te p~oury of Rostinot +te p~oury of Portmollok / And all v+t~ p~lasijs and p~ouris p~teni~g to +te sege of Sai~tand~ be p~uilege ald~ c~suetud~ or be +te said Indult / sall haf +tis act & statut of p~liament with~ +te said Indult fullily Insert vnd~ our~ souu~ane lord~ gret Sele gif It be Requirit to p~petule memo=r= . of +te said c~stitucion~ Act & deliu~a~s of p~liame~t In +te c~s~uasion~ & keping of +te c~mon~ gud~ of our~ souu~ai~ lord~ Realme & lieg~ And +t=t= our~ souu~ai~ lord & his successour~ togidd~ w=t= +te thre estat~ of his Realme sall . be his auc~te Ryall defend~ +te said p~uilege & Indult as said Is . agai~ all & sind~ his lieg~ +t=t= wald~ do / or attempt In +te c~trar~ +t~of In tyme cu~mi~g And execut detfully +te panys of p~sc~pcion~ & treson~ aganis +te said~ p~son~s / attemptand i~ +te c~trar~ of +te said Indult In +te maist Rigourus~ wis~ /

[} (\APUD EDINBURGH, VI DIE MAII, A. D. M,CCCC,LXXI.\) }] [^PASSAGES IN LATIN OMITTED^]

IN +te first It is statut & ordanit +tat +te fredom~e and p~uilege of halikyrk be obs~uit & kepit without violacione as It has beyne obs~uit in +te tymis of our sou~ane lordis noble p~genitour~ of be foir~ AS to +te Articulys of france Inglande and burgu~+ge Because of +te tend~ alyans +tat is be twix +te king~ of france our Sou~ane lorde and +te duk of burgu~+ge +te lordis think~ expedient sa It ples~ +te king~ heenes +tat ane ambaxate be sende with~t Instrucc~onys & gud lr~es to +te kyng~ of france & +te duc of burgu~+ge and +te said ambaxate to labour delygently for trety & concorde be twix +tam for +te quhilk our sou~ane lord sal Report gret [^GAP IN ORIGINAL^] of god & honor and virchip to his heenes Considir +te tend~ alians of +tam baitht And +te estat~ of +te Realme to mak +te expe~s~ of +te said ambaxat And +te said ambaxatour~ may avise vith~t +tar gret visdomys a co~uenient place for +te mariage of my +gong~ lady our sou~ane lord~ sistir And as to +te tyme of +te passing~ of +tis ambaxate +te lord~ think~ expedient at +tai be redy to +te sey be +te first day of Junij As [\to\] +te nowm~ of +te p~sonis +te lord~ think~ c~sid~ing +te estat~ of ane bischop an~e Erle an~e lorde of p~liament a knycht & ane clerk ane herrald xxx p~sonis quhilk~ sal have til +tar expensis iij=m= cronis quhilk~ +te thre estat~ has grantit to pay at mydsu~m~ +tat is to say Ilk state J=m= cronis As to +te ansuer of +te lr~es because +tat +te mat~is mo~ be secret & nocht be opy~nit in plane / befor al +te p~lyment +te lord~ think~ expedient +tat +te mat~is be maid in credens & instrucco~nys to +te said ambaxate And +te lord~ of +te secret consal & v+t~is lord~ +te vil cheis~ +tarto / to have powar of +tis hail p~lyament to mak +te instrucco~nis co~cernyng~ +te mat~is of +te kyng~ of france & +te duc of burgu~+ge with~t power to co~moune avis~ & co~clude eftir as +tai fynde +te mat~is disposit ITEM anent~ +te stanchyn~ of sclachtir quhilk~ is sa co~mone in +te cu~tre baitht in sanctuare plac~ & v+t~is +te lord~ think~ expedient +tat +te act of +te last p~lyment maid +tar apone be kepit with~t +tis addicion~ +tat quhar ony sclachtir is co~mittit & +te p~ty c~mittand +te said sclachtir be put to +te horn~ of +te p~tij And syn +t~eft~ cu~ & bynde +tai~ to +te law +te s~ref sal no=t= resave him to +te law na gyf him dilatour~ of xl dais with~tout +tat he bryng~ with him sufficiande borowis +tat he sal c~peir p~emptur~ly +te said day til vnd~ly +te law And fail+geande tharof +tat +te c~mittar of +te said sclachtir be put to +te king~ horn at +te said day p~emptour & all his gud~ eschetit to +te king~ & his borowis to pay xx lib~ to +te king~ for +te vnlaw And fra thin furth~t to be demanit be +te s~ef as is co~tenit in +te actis maid of befor in +te last p~liament And to hawe knawlaig~ quhat s~ef has beyn~ necligent in +te execucion~ of +te last act maid apon~ sclachtir sen~ +te last p~lyament +tat now +tar be a day ly~myt to +te s~ef at +te plesance of our sou~ane lorde quhar +te s~ef sal c~peir & byid his

acc~one +t~apone / And quha +tat beis fundyn~ culpable to be punyst eftir +te teno=r= of +te act of +te last p~lyment And in +te mentyme +tat +tar pas~ lr~es of +te king~ in al schir~ to be p~clamyt at +te heid burghis +tat quhar ony p~ty conplen+geis vpon sclachtir sen +te said tyme +tat +tai cu~ to +te king~ +te said day witht +tar c~plant~ & +te king~ sal mastir +tam Justice with~t out fauour~ ITEM as to +te article of +te gret dampnage and skaith~ dayli don~e to al +te Realme be clerk~ religious~ & secularis quhilk~ purches~ abbasyis & v+t~ benefice at +te court of Rome quhilk~ was neu~ +tar at of befor And purchesis be menis offic~ of collectory & tak~ apon +tam to ras~ hevy & gret taxac~onis of p~lat~ & clerk~ & mak~ informacion~ of +te availe of +te bn~ficis in +te court of Rome mar +ta~ vse & custu~ was of befor or +tat eu~ was done i~ ony kyng~ tyme by gane And for to p~vyde remeide of +te makyn of vnyownys of bn~ficis in +te court of Rome mar +ta~ vse & custu~ was of befor or +tat eu~ was done i~ ony kyng~ tyme by gane And for to p~vyde remeide of +te makyn of vnyownys of bn~ficis p~teni~g to abbays or v+t~ anext & vnit to bischoprik~ or v+t~is in herchip & distruccione of religious~ plac~ & agayn~ +te co~mone gud of +te Realme +te quhilk thing~ caus~ vnestimable dampnage & skaith~t considering +te in nowm~able riches +tat Is had out of +te Realme +tar throw The lord~ think~ expedient +tat na sic abbasyis na v+t~ benifice quhilk~ was neu~ at +te court of Rome of befor be purchasit be na secular na religiose p~son~s bot at +te said plac~ haf fre eleccion~ of +te samyn~ as vse & custum has~ beyn~ in +te said plac~ And at nane of our sou~ane lordis leig~ spu~ale nor temp~al tak apon~ +ta~ to be collectour~ to +te seige of Rome of na hiear nor gretar taxatioun~ of bischoprik~ abbassyis p~ories p~uest~is na w+t~ bn~fic~ +t=t= aw taxatioun~ bot as +te vse & custum of ald taxac~onis has~ beyne of befor as is contenit in +te p~ui~cialis buk or +te ald taxacione of bagemon~de And atour +tat +tar be na vnyownys nor annexacionis maid in +te tyme cu~myn~g to bischoprik~ abbasyis nor p~oure~ of ony benifice nor +tat na vnyownis nor a~nexac~onis maid now of +te lat sen~ our sou~ane lorde tuk +te crowne be of strenth valew nor effec nor be sufferit with~tin +te Realme bot at +te said bn~fice +tat war vnyit be put agayne to +te first fu~dacione to +te place +tat +tai war takyn fra and at sic reule & gou~nance as +tai war att of befor +te tym of +te vnyowne And +te said vnyovnis to be Reput of na force strentht nor effec in tym cu~myn~ And gif ony p~son~s our sou~ane lord~ leig~ spu~ale or temp~al wald attempt or has attempit in +te contrare of +tir poi~t~ abowne writtyn~ salbe demanit as tratour~ to our sou~ane lorde & his successour~ & neu~ to bruk benefice nor vse worschip with~tin +te realme Neu~ +te les~ It salbe leful to lord~ and baronys to purches~ a~nexacion~s & vnyovnis of ony bn~fice +tat +tai can purches~ ou+t~ +tar awn~ patronage or v+t~is to be vnyit to secular collegis fon~dit or to be fundit ITEM as to +te Article +tat gif It happy~nis our auld enimys to invaide +te Realme +tat it war expedient to

gar certan~ cart~ of weir be maide be prelat~ baron~s eftir +te faculte & power of +te person~s for +te defens of +te Realme The lord~ think~ expedient +tat +te said cartis of weir be maid be +te said person~s as for +tis tym~e ITEM it is thocht expedient +tat na m~chand~ bryng~ sper~ in +tis Realme out of ony v+t~ cu~t=e= bot gif +tai conten sex el~n & of a clyft Na at na bowar within +te Realme mak ony sper~ bot gif +tai conten +te samyn~ lentht and quha +tat dois in +te contrare +tat +te sper~ be eschetit & +te p~son~s punyst at +te king~ wil Alsua +tat ilk +gema~ +tat ca~ no=t= deil witht +te bow +tat he haf a gud ax & a targe of leddyr to resist +te schot of ingland quhilk is na cost bot +te valew of a hide And +tat ilk s~ef stewart bail+ge & v+t~ officiar~ mak # wapy~schawing within +te bond~ of +tar office eftir +te tenor of +te act of p~liament Swa +tat in defawt of +te said wapinschawyn~ our Sou~ane lord~ leig~ be nocht destitut of harnes quhe~ +tai haf neid / and at futbal & golf be abusit in tym cu~myng~ & +te butt~ maid vp & schuting vsit eftir +te tenor of +te act of p~lyament ITEM it is statut & ordanit in +tis pn~t p~lyament +tat c~sid~ing~ +te gret pow~te of +te Realme +te gret expens~ & cost mad apon~ +te brynging~ of silk~ in +te Realme +tat +t~for~ na ma~ sal weir silk~ in tyme cu~myng~ in gown~ doublate & clok~ except knycht~ me~strallis & herrald~ without +tat +te werar of +te samy~ may spend a hwndreth~t pund~ wortht of land~ rent vnd~ +te payn~ of am~ciament to +te king~ of x lib~ als~ oft as +tai ar fundyn~ & eschetin of +te samyn~ to be gevyn~ to +te herrald~ or menstrallis except +te clathis +tat ar mad befor +tis p~lyament And at +te s~ef of ilk schir aldirma~ & bail+geis of burrowis tak inquisicione +tar of & send it to +te king~ And at me~nis wiff~ within a hwndreth pwnde wer~ na silk~ in lynyng~ bot alan~ly in colar & slevis vnd~ +te samyn payn~ ITEM as twechin +te mat~ of +te mone sen~ +te mat~ is gret & twechis +te hail body of +te Realm~ in gret nernes And +te lord~ heir pn~t can no=t= hastely be avisit to tak a final det~minac~on +tar of It is statut & ordanit +tat +te mone have course as it dois now vnto +te co~tinuacion~ of +tis p~lyament And +te lord~ +tat sal have +te powar in al v+t~ mat~is for +te comon~ gude of +te Realme at +tat tym to avise determy~ & conclude apon~ +te said mater of the mone +t=t= now ry~nis And in lik wis~ gif it be sen spedful to mak Innouacion~ of ony new mone ow+t~ gold or silu~ +te said lord~ sal have power to avis~ & co~clude +t~apon~ And as ane~t~ +te new allayt grot of vij d~ It is ordanit be our sou~ane lorde +tat fra hin furth~t It sall have cours~ for vj d~ & +te half grot of +te samy~ for iij d~ & +te con+geing~ & +te cours~ +tar of to be co~tynuit quhill +te co~tinuacion~ of +te next p~lyament

ITEM for +te eschewyn of maneswering of fals~ Inquest~ & assis~ in gret hurtyn of our sou~ane lord~ leig~ And specialy be +te inquest~ in +tar heretage It is statut & ordanit +tat in tym cu~myn~ quhar a p~ty find~ him grevit be ony assis~ or i~quest~ be p~cial malice or ignorance of +te assis~ or +te inquest saffand & excepand +te assis~ of breves pledabile quhilk +tis statute sal no=t= extend apon~ It salbe leful to +te said p~tij grevit to cu~ to our sou~ane lorde and his consal & tak a su~mond~ of +te said inquest to compeir befor +tai~ at certane day & place p~empturly & +tar p~duce his evident~ of Ignorance or falset of +te said inquest And gif it hapnis him to preiff +te said falset +te p~tij grevit salbe reducit to +te c~dicione +tat he was in of befor or +te said inquest or assis~ p~cedit & +te det~minacione of +te said assis~ or inquest to be of na vaile And +te said p~son~s of +te assis~ or Inquest to be punyst eftir +te forme of +te king~ lawis in +te first buk of his maieste (\contra teme~ Jurantes sup~ assisam\) And giff +te said p~tij plen+geand be fundyn~ in +te wrang~ he sal pay ane vnlaw of x lib~ to +te king~ & mak al +te expens~ of +te p~son~s +tat ar su~monyt ITEM +te lord~ think~ expedient for +te comone gud of +te Realme & +te gret encres~ of riches to be bro=t= within +te Realme of v+t~ cuntreis +tat c~tai~ lord~ spu~ale & temp~ale & burowis ger mak or get Schippis buschis & v+t~ gret pynk bot~ with~t nett~ & al abil+geme~t~ gani~g +tarfor for fysching~ And +tat +te execucione of +tis mater & +te forme & +te nowm~ of +te samyn~ be had at +te continuacione of +tis p~liament ITEM it is statut & ordanit +tat quhar ony p~tijs folowis ony acc~one befor +te lord~ of consail in tym to cum +tat +te p~tij +tat beis fundyn in the wrang~ & at +te sentence is gevyn~ agayn~ sal pay ane vnlaw of xl s~ to +te lordis to be disponit be +te chancelar & +te expens~ of +te p~tij +tat wy~nis +te cause be +te modificacione of +te lordis ALSUA It is avisit at +tis pn~t p~liament be continuyt to +te secunde day of August nixt to cum At +te quhilk day +tir lord~ vnd~vrytin +tat is to say for +te prelat~ +te bischopis of glasgw dunkelden~ & abirden~ +te abbot~ of halirudhouse newbotil & lindor~ +te archiden~ of glasgu & +te officiale of lothiane ffor +te baron~s my lorde of Albany +te Erlis of huntle Craufurde Ergile menteth m~chale & erole +te lord~ ha~milton~e Erskyn~ lile kilmawr~ lyndissay Oliphant gla~mys setone forbas & borthwik for +te burrowis Schir Alex~ Naper of marcha~stone kny=t= & Waltir +gong~ for Edinburgh . Andro chart~is for p~th~ Andro Alanesone for aberdene mathow forstar for streveling~ James ogilby for dunde Archibald hepburn~ for hadintone Wil+game bonar for sanct Androwis & Alexander foulys for lithqw And +te maist parte of +tame & al v+t~ lord~ p~lat~ baron~s & c~missar~ +tat ples~ +tame to

cal to +tam sal have +te ful power & strentht of +te hale thre estat~ of +tis Realme beand gad~it in +tis pn~t p~liament to avis~ determy~ tret & conclude eftir as +tai fynde in +tar wysdomys +te mat~is disposit apon~ al mat~is c~c~ni~g +te weilfair of our sou~ane lorde +tat ar now opy~nit in +tis pn~t p~liament & vnendit & v+t~ir mater~ +tat sal occur for +te tyme for +te weilfair of our sou~ane lorde & +te co~mone gud of +te Realme [^AN ENTRY IN LATIN OMITTED^]

[} (\APUD EDINBURGH, II DIE APRILIS, A. D. M,CCCC,LXXXI.\) }] [^PASSAGES IN LATIN OMITTED^]

In pn~s of our~ sou~ane lord Archibald~ erl~e of Anguse tuke w=t= +te office of wardanery of +te est m~chis / and was sworn~e +t~to In pn~s of +te thre Estait~ / And Alane lord Cathkert tuke with~ +te office of wardanery of +te west m~chis and sworne +t~to in like wise / And oure Sou~ane lord ordanit +tar~ c~mission~s to be made In dew forme enduring his wil +t~uppone HERE folowis the statut~ made and appruvit be our~ sou~ane Lord~ & his thre estait~ In +te p~liame~t foresaide IN +te first It is statute & ordanit that all our~ Sou~ane lord~ lieg~ baith to burgh~ and~ to land~ spu~ale lord~ land~ & temp~ale be warnyt & chargit to be Redy to cu~ to our~ Sou~ane lord~ bodin in +tar~ best wise with~ bowis sper~ axis & v+t~ abil+geme~t~ of were quhat tyme +t=t= thai be chargit on~ aucht dayis warnyng or son~ gife nede be and w=t= vittale to endur~ & lest for xx=tj= dayis eft~ +tai cu~ to +te king vnd~ +te pane of law ITEM It is ordanit +tat thar~ be na sper~ made in tyme tocu~ nor sald~ +t=t= Is schortar~ +ta~ five elne & a half or v elne at +te leist before +te bur / & of gretnes according +t~to vnd~ +te pane of eschete of al his gud~ +t=t= mak~ & sell~ +tai~ Alsa It is ordanit +t=t= al p~son~s +t=t= # wil wer~ Jakk~ for +te defence of +tar~ body / +t=t= +tai ger make +tare Jakk~ syde to +te knee +tai +t=t= wa~t~ leg harnes / and +tai +t=t= has leg harnes +t=t= thar~ Jakk~ be made sa lang as to covir +te ovir p~te of +tar~ leg harnes ITEM +t=t= eu~y aixma~ +t=t= has now+t~ spere nor bow sal hafe a targe of tree or led~ eft~ +te fassoun~ of +te example +t=t= salbe send to Ilk s~ef ITEM It is statute & ordanit +t=t= na p~son~s cu~mand~ to our~ sou~ane lord~ Oist waiste or distroye medow or Cornys / or spul+ge ony man~ of gud~ i~ +tar~ cu~myng or ganging w=t=in +te Realme of Scotland~ vnd~ +te pane of punysing of +tar~ p~son~s as brekar~ of our~ sou~ane lord~ p~clamacioun~ of his Oist / & Refounding of +te skaith~ +t=t= thai do And +t=t= Ilk lord~ & p~sone salbe Responsale & a~suere for +te p~son~s +t=t= ar vnd~ +tar~ leding / & deliu~ +te p~son~s +t=t= dois +te skaith~ to +te king or his # lieute~nant~ or wardanis / or ell~ Refounde +te skaith~ +t=t= Is done +tai~self

ITEM It is statute & ordanit +tat +te Act~ and statut~ made of before ane~t +te wapi~schawin and abil+geme~t for were to be made be al p~son~s Salbe put to dew execucioun~ eft~ +te forme c~tenit i~ +te saide Act~ / & +t=t= the panys c~tenit in +te sa~my~ be scharply Raisit but fauour~ of +te brekar~ +t~of ITEM oure Sou~ane lord has ordanit to ger purway and stuff his castell~ of dunbar & lochmabane with vittale and artil+gery / and quhar~ +tai ar fail+geit In ony p~te / to ger +tame be haistely Rep~alit and fortifijt And als his hienes c~ma~d~ & charg~ al +te lord~ of +te Realme baith spu~ale and temp~ale that has castell~ ner~ +te bordour~ or on~ +te sey coist sic as sancta~dros abirdene Temptallone halys du~glas~ hume Edringtoune & spea~ly +te hermetage +t=t= Is in maste dangere / and sic v+t~ castell~ and strenthis as may be kepit & defendit fra our~ Ennemyis of Ingland~ / +t=t= Ilk lord stuff his avn~ hous~ & strenth~ w=t= me~ vittale and artil+gery / & to amend & Reparale +tame quhar~ It myst~is sa +t=t= thai may be kepit & defendit as saide Is ITEM It is statut and ordanit be +te king & his thre estat~ anent the p~uilege of +te croun~ vsit and obs~uit in all tymes bigane / tueching +te pn~tac~ons of bn~fic~ +te tyme of +te vacac~oun of +te sege of bischoppis +tat o=r= sou~ane lord~ & his successo=r=~ sal in ty~ tocu~ +te tyme of +te vacac~oun of seg~ haue power~ to pn~t to bn~fic~ all tymes quhil +te bischop & prelat mak his bullis of prouisioun~ to be schewin to +te king~ hienes & his chapto=r= And~ in case +t=t= oure sou~a~ lord~ of his spa~le grace & fauo=r=~ admytt Ony prelait to his temp~alite befor +te schewi~ of his bullis / as said Is / +t=t= sic # admissioun~ salbe na preiudice / nor sca=t= to his hienes anent his said p~uilege / & Richt of patronage / [^A PASSAGE IN LATIN OMITTED^] Ane~t the Complaynte made to +te thre Estait~ of our~ sou~ane lord~ p~liame~t be Alex=r= the sone and ayre of vmquhile c~stiane Joffrason~e patrik Cant Johne of

douglace hary Nap~ and henry Cant / twiching a decrete & deliu~ance gevin be +te Auditour~ of Caus~ and c~playnt~ in oure sou~ane lord~ p~liame~t haldin at Edi~burgh~ +te xx=tj= day of marche the +ger~ of god &c~ lxxviij +ger~ / betuix s~=r= matho Joffrasone chaplane ayr~ of vmquhile Johne Joffrasone his grants~=r= aganis +te saide pat~k Cant & vmquhile the saide c~stiane / ane~t +te clame of a land~ & teneme~t liand in +te saide burgh~ on~ +te north syde +te strete of +te sa~my~ betuix +te land~ of Nicoll spedy & Johne patonsone clamyt be +te saide s~=r= matho & vmquhile +te saide c~stiane & v+t~ diu~s~ p~son~s The lord~ abone w~tin chosin be +te hale thre estat~ to declare +te saide mat~ ane~t +te gevin of +te saide decrete Decret~ & deliu~is +t=t= becaus +te said~ Auditour~ ordanit i~ +tar~ deliu~ance +t=t= +te grund Richt of +te saide teneme~t & +te decisioun~ +t~uppone suld be put to a grete assise but c~se~t of +te p~tijs It nocht being p~cedit ordour~ly +t~to be +te king~ lawis / & v+t~ p~tijs having ent~ess~ +t~in no=t= being callit / her~fore +te said~ lord~ decret~ & deliu~is / +t=t= +te saide decrete Is of nane avale force nor effect to +te Recou~ of +te saide land~ And dec~nys & declar~ +te deliu~ance of +te saide assise & all +t=t= Is folowit +t~uppon~e to be of na strenth force nor effect i~ tyme tocu~ Bot alut~ly Cassate & adnullate as saide Is [} (\XIJ=O= AP~LIS SEDERU~T DN~J ANTEDC~J\) }] The accioun~ and Caus~ movit be Jonet hume the spous of James of Douglace / aganis Elizabeth nesbit alex=r= chernside & patrik hume Ane~t +te halding of a Court of purprusioun~ apon~ +te land~ of Rathburne wra~gwisly haldin without powere / and +te wrangwis~ calling of +te saide Jonete to +te saide Court as was allegit / Is c~tinewit be +te lord~ Auditour~ of +te p~liame~t to +te thrid day of +te c~tia~cioun~ of +tis p~liame~t +t=t= salbe next haldi~ w=t= c~tia~cioun~ of dayis And attoure +te lord~ has ordanit +t~ p~son~s vnd~w~tin +t=t= Is to say / +te bischop of glasgw / the bischop of du~keldin / the bischop of abirdene / the erl~e of ergile / +te erl~e m~schell the lord lile / +te secretar~ / +te clerc of Regist~ / mast~ Wil+gai~ elphinstoun~ +te larde of stobhall Johne +te Ross~ mast~ Richard~ lawsone / alex=r= scot & alex=r= fowlis / to c~vene togidd~ / and avise apon~ +te lawis +t=t= Is made apon~ p~prusioun~ / & mak int~p~tacioun~ +t~of / and declar~ quhat lord~ or p~son~s be +te vnd~standi~ of +te saide lawis has powere to hald~ Court~ of p~prusioun~ And quhar~ +te law +t=t= Is made / Is vncler~ & mysty +t=t= the said~ p~son~s devise +te Reformacioun~ +t~of / & Refer agane to +te hale body of +te p~liame~t +tar~ c~sale & avise / And as salbe statute & ordanit +ta~ be +te body of +te p~liame~t / to be kepit & haldin as for law baith~ i~ +tis mat~ & v+t~ sic like i~ tyme tocu~ And i~ +te mene tyme quhil +te saide day +t=t= +te saide Jonet hume & his spous sal broike & Joise +te possessioun~ of +te saide land~ vndistrublit / & but p~iudice of +te saide alex=r= chernside & Elizabe=t= his spous or of pat~k hume / ane~t +tare Clame & Richt

[} (\EOD~ DIE\) }] The lord~ c~tinewis the takin of +te deposicioun~ & # declaracioun~ of +te abbote of kelsow / In +te accioun~ betuix thomas diksone and~ Roger~ diksone twiching +te freithing of Roger of selby i~glis~ma~ to +te secund~ day of maij next tocu~ w=t= c~tia~cioun~ of dayis in +te sa~my~ forme as It now Is / & baith~ +te p~tijs ar p~sonaly su~mond~ (\ap=d= act~\) / & +te abbote of kelsow Is warnyt & chargit p~sonaly to c~pere +te saide day to make his aith~ & # declaracioun~ eft~ +te forme of +te Act gevi~ her~uppone of before / to +te quhilk +te abbote has gra~tit to cum / [} (\DIE P~DC~O POST MEREDIEM\) }] The Accioun~ and caus~ p~sewit be pat~k lord halys agane pat~k of knoll~ for +te wrangwis~ w=t=halding of +te malis of +te land~ of monynett~ / And~ als +te accioun~ p~sewit be +te saide pat~k of knoll~ agane dauid ledebetar~ & Johne m~tine for +te taki~ of dowble male fra him of +te saide land~ / ane of +te behalf of +te lord~ halys / & ane v+t~ on~ +te behalf of Eline hume +te Spous of alex=r= Erskin / Is c~tinewit be +te lord~ of p~liame~t to +te xviij day of Junij next tocu~ w=t= c~tia~cioun~ of dayis And i~ +te mene tyme ordanis +te saide pat~k of knoll~ to Remai~ w=t= +te occupacioun~ of +te saide land~ & kepe +te malis i~ his hand~ but p~iudice of p~tij And becaus +te su~mond~ Raisit be +te saide Eline & hir spous was made to +te p~liame~t & +tar~ Is no=t= p~son~s i~ sufficie~t # novm~ having powere of +te p~liame~t to det~myn~ & deliu~ apon~ +t=t= accioun~ / the lord~ ordanis +t=t= new su~mond~ be gevin to +tai~ to +te saide day And als +te lord~ assignis to +te saide pat~k knoll~ +te saide day to prefe how mekl~e gud~ Is taki~ fra him be ow+t~ of +te saide p~tijs or +tar~ officiar~ / & he take lr~ez to su~mond~ his witnes The lordis decretis and deliu~is +tat dauid sinclar~ sal Restor~ & deliu~ agai~ to Edwarde sinclare the brovne hors~ +t=t= he tuke fra +te saide Edwarde Becaus It is p~vit +t=t= +te saide hors~ was dik of Rowlis / & +t=t= +te # saide Edwarde had him fra thomas of Cochrane be c~posicioun~ made betuix +tame And +t=t= lr~ez be w~tin to distre~+ge +te saide dauid for +te Restorance of +te saide hors~ or +te p~ce of him als gude as he was quhe~ he was tane And +te maist~ of halys +t=t= bocht +te eschete of dik of Rowlis to hafe his accioun~ agane +te saide thomas Cochrane i~ sa fer as law will [^PASSAGES IN LATIN OMITTED^]

The lordis abone w~tin has for +te plesance of +te king~ hienes c~se~tit as for +tai~ self +t=t= a c~t~bucioun~ of # vij=m= m~k~ be Raisit be +te hale thre estait~ & to be gad~it to +te vittaling of +te tovne of berwic for xl dayis / And +tis no=t= to be tane bot of beneficit me~ la~dit me~ & burgess~ In sic man~ as c~t~bucioun~ & taxt has bene payit of before / & to be devidit on~ +tis wise +t=t= Is to say ii=m= viij=c= m~k~ of +te clergy / als~mekl~e of +te baron~s / except +te la~dit me~ +t=t= pass~ i~ +tar~ avn~ p~son~s to berwic / & of # +te borowis j=m= iiij=c= m~k~ And~ als +te c~i~ssar~ of burowis except montrose gra~tit of before to +te vphald~ of berwic / & to help w=t= +tar~ gud~ +t~to / Ane~t +te Accioun~ and debate betuix Arthure of forbes on~ +te ta p~te / & Johne of Wemys on~ +te to+t~ p~te / twiching +te possessioun~ of +te land~ & place of Rerase Is c~tinewit be +te lord~ chosin be +te p~liame~t to +te xx=tj= day of Junij next tocu~ w=t= c~tia~cioun~ of dayis / to be declarit be +te p~liame~t quhai suld be Juge i~ +te saide mat~ betuix +t~ p~tijs / and als to declare quhilk of +tai~ salbe foloware & quhilk defendar~ / & ordanis +te said~ p~tijs to bring sic evide~t~ & docume~t~ to +te saide day as +tai wil vse for +te aski~ to borgh~ of +te saide la~d~ & place / And i~ +te mene tyme / +t=t= oure sou~ane lord~ # Recognise +te said~ land~ & place of Rerase in his hand~ / for staynchi~ of debate betuix +te saide p~tijs / Nocht latti~ +tai~ to borgh~ to now+t~ of +tame quhil +te saide day / & baith~ +te p~tijs for~saide ar su~mond~ (\ap=d= act~\) The quhilk day the c~missar~ foresaide / of spea~le c~mand~ of oure Sou~ane lord~ chargit Johne of m~ray of tuchada~ c~stable depute / to call Alex=r= duc of albany erl~e of marche &c~ Andro hume Andro Jakson~e dauid chernside John~e trottare alex=r= trottare / vmfray alaneschaw / Wil+gai~ ler~month~ Wil+game hume pat~k diksone Wil+game dikson~e dauid Jacson~e thomas diksone / george Wynrahame Johne Wy~rahame Ryn+geane Wra~ghame James Wranghame dik ethinton~s sone Johne the haye Wil+game Sandirssone & vmfray sandirssone To c~pere the saide day in our~ sou~ane Lord~ p~liame~t to a~suere to his hienes apon~ the crymys

poynt~ of tresson~ & v+t~ offens~ c~tenit in the lr~ez of su~mond~ and p~ces~ led apon~ thame withi~ w~tin c~tinewit to +te saide daye The saide Alex=r= duc of albany erl~e of marche &c~ & +te Remane~t of the p~son~s abone exp~myt oft tymes callit & no=t= c~perit lauchfull tyme of day byddin The said~ c~missar~ / be +te autorite of +tare c~missioun~ & of spea~le c~mand~ of oure saide sou~ane lord~ c~tinewit the saide su~mond~ & proces~ made & led apon~ +te saide p~son~s to giddir with~ +tis pn~t # p~liame~t / and als all su~mond~ & accion~s depending +t~uppon~e to +te Secund day of maij next tocu~ w=t= c~tia~cioun~ of dayis In all form~e strenth~ & effect as effer~ and as It is +tis day [} (\II DIE MAII, A. D. M,CCCC,LXXXI.\) }] [^A PASSAGE IN LATIN OMITTED^] The quhilk day the saide c~missaris chargit Johne of murray of Tuchadam c~stabl~e depute / to call Alex=r= duc of albany erl~e of march~e &c~ Andro hume Andro Jaksone dauid cherneside Johne trottare alex=r= trottare / vmfray alaneschaw / Wil+game ler~month~ / Wil+game hum~e pat~k diksone Wil+game diksone dauid Jaksone / thomas dikson~e george Wynrahame Johne Wynrahame Ryn+geane Wranghame James Wranghame dik ethinton~s sone Johne the haye Wil+game Sandirssone and vmfray Sandirsson~e To Comper~ the saide day in oure Sou~ane lord~ p~liame~t to a~suer~ to his hienes apon~ the crymys point~ of tressone & v+t~ offens~ c~te~it i~ +te lr~ez of su~mond~ & p~ces~ led # apon~ +tai~ withi~ w~tin c~tinewit to +te saide day The saide alex=r= duc of albany erl~e of march~e &c~ & +te Remane~t of the p~son~s abone exp~myt oft tymes callit & no=t= c~perit lauchfull tyme of day biddin The said~ c~i~ssar~ be +te autorite of +tare c~i~ssioun~ & of spea~le c~mand~ of our~ sou~ane lord~ for~saide c~tinewit +te saide su~mond~ & proces~ made & led apone +te saide p~son~s Togidd~ w=t= +te saide p~liame~t / and als all Su~mond~ & accion~s depe~ding +t~uppone vnto +te xviij day of Junij next tocu~ w=t= c~tia~cion~ of dayis In all forme strenth~ & effect as effer~ & as It was +te saide secund~ day of maij [} (\XVIII DIE JUNII, A. D. M,CCCC,LXXXI.\) }] [^A PASSAGE IN LATIN OMITTED^]

The quhilk day the saide c~missaris chargit Johne of murray of tuchada~ c~stable depute / to call Alex=r= duc of albany erl~e of marche &c~ Andro hume Andro jaksone dauid chernside Johne trottare alex=r= trottar~ vmfray alaneschaw Wil+gai~ ler~month~ / Wil+gai~ hume / pat~k diksone / Wil+gai~ diksone / dauid Jaksone Thomas diksone / george Wynrahai~ Johne Wynrahai~ / Ryn+geane Wra~ghai~ James Wranghame dik ethinton~s sone Johne the haye / Wil+gai~ sand~ssone & vmfra sandirssone To c~per~ the saide day i~ our~ sou~ane lord~ p~liame~t to a~suer~ to his hienes apon~ the c~mys point~ of tressoun & v+t~ offens~ c~te~it i~ +te lr~ez of su~mond~ & p~ces~ led apon~ +tai~ w=t=inwriti~ c~tinewit to +te saide day The saide alex=r= duc of albany erl~e of march~ &c~ & +te Remane~t of +te p~son~s abone exp~myt oft tymes callit & no=t= c~perit lauchful tyme of day biddi~ The saide c~i~ssar~ be +te autoritee of +tar~ c~i~ssioun~ & of spea~le # c~mand~ of our~ saide sou~ane lord~ c~tinewit +te saide su~mound~ & p~ces~ made & led apone +te saide p~son~s Togidd~ with~ +te saide p~liame~t and all Causis su~mond~ & querell~ als~wele +tai +t=t= depe~d~ apon~ +te p~liame~t as v+t~is to +te first day of octob~ next tocu~ with~ c~tia~cioun~ of dayis In all forme strenth~ & effect as effer~ & as It was +te saide xviij day of Junij [} (\I DIE OCTOBRIS, A. D. M,CCCC,LXXXI.\) }] [^A PASSAGE IN LATIN OMITTED^] The quhilk day the saide c~missaris chargit Andro Wardelaw c~stabl~e depute i~ +t=t= p~te to call Alex=r= duke of Albany erl~e of march &c~ Andro hum~e Andro Jaksone dauid cherneside Johne trottar~ alex=r= trottar~ vmfray alaneschaw Wil+gai~ ler~month~ Wil+gai~ hume / pat~k diksone Wil+gai~ diksone dauid Jaksone Thomas diksone george Wynrahame / Johne Wy~rahai~ / Ryn+geai~ Wranghame James Wranghai~ dik ethinton~s sone John~e the haye Wil+gai~ sandirsson~e & vmfray sandirsson~e / To c~pere +te saide day in our~ sou~ane lord~ p~liame~t to a~suere to his hienes apon~ the c~mys point~ of tressoun~ & v+t~ offens~ c~te~it i~ +te lr~es of su~mond~ & # p~ces~ led apon~ +tai~ w=t=inw~tin c~tinewit to +te saide day The saide Alex=r= duke of albany erl~e of march~ &c~ +te Remane~t of +te p~son~s abone exp~myt oft tymes callit & no=t= c~perit lauchful tyme of day biddin The said~ c~missar~ be +te autoritee of +tar~ c~missioun~ & of spea~le c~mand of our~ saide sou~ane lord~ c~tinewit +te saide su~mond~ & p~ces~ made & led apon~ +te saide p~son~s Togidd~ with~ +te saide p~liame~t & al Causis su~mond~ & querell~ als~wele +tai +t=t= depe~d~ apon~ +te saide p~liame~t as v+t~is / Except +te mat~is c~c~nyng spea~ly our~ sade sou~ai~ lord~ vnto +te v . day of Noue~ber next tocu~ w=t= c~tia~cioun~ of dayis In all forme strenth~ & effect as effer~ & as It was +te saide first day of October

[} (\V DIE NOVEMBRIS, A. D. M,CCCC,LXXXI.\) }] [^A PASSAGE IN LATIN OMITTED^] The quhilk day the saide c~missaris chargit Johne +te Bruse of Erth c~stable depute in +t=t= p~te / to call Alex=r= duke of albany erl~e of marche &c~ Andro hum~e Andro Jaksone dauid chernside Johne trottar~ alex=r= trottare vmfray alaneschaw Wil+game ler~month~ Wil+game hume pat~k diksone Wil+game diksone dauid Jaksone Thomas diksone / george Wynrahame Johne Wy~rahame Ryn+geane Wranghame James Wranghame dik ethinton~s sone Johne +te haye Wil+gai~ sandirssone & vmfray sandirssone To c~pere the saide day in our~ sou~ai~ Lord~ p~liame~t to a~suere to his hienes apon~ +te c~mys point~ / of tressoun~ and v+t~ offens~ c~te~it in +te lr~ez of su~mond~ & p~ces~ led apon~ +tai~ w=t=inw~tin c~tinewit to +te saide day The saide Alex=r= duke of albany erl~e of marche &c~ & +te Remane~t of +te p~son~s abone exp~myt oft tymes callit & no=t= c~perit lauchfull ty.. of day biddin The said~ c~missar~ be +te autoritee of +tar~ c~i~ssioun~ & of spe .... c~mand~ of our~ saide # sou~ane lord~ c~tinewit +te said su~mond~ & p~ces~ made ... led apon~ +te saide p~son~s Togidd~ w=t= +te saide p~liame~t / & al caus~ su~mond~ & querell~ als~wele +tai +t=t= depend~ apon~ +te saide p~liame~t as v+t~is Except +te mat~is c~c~nyng spea~ly o=r= saide Sou~ane lord~ vnto +te ferd day of februar~ next tocu~ w=t= c~tia~cioun~ of dayis In al forme strenth~ & effect as effer~ & as It was +te saide . v . day of Noue~ber [} (\IV DIE FEBRUARII, A. D. M,CCCC,LXXXI.\) }] [^A PASSAGE IN LATIN OMITTED^] The quhilk day the saide c~missaris chargit Alex=r= lesly . of Wardr~ c~stable depute in +t=t= that p~te / to call Alex=r= Duk of albany erl~e of march~ &c~ Andro hume Andro Jaksone dauid chernside Johne trottar~ alex=r= trottar~ vmfray alaneschaw Wil+game Lermonth~ Wil+gai~ hume pat~k diksone Wil+game diksone Dauid Jaksone thomas diksone george Wyrahame Johne Wynrahame Ryn+geane Wranghai~ James Wranghame dik ethinton~s sone Johne +te hay / Wil+gai~ sandirssone and vmfray sandirssone To c~pere +te saide day i~ our~ sou~ane

lord~ p~liame~t to a~suer~ to his hienes apon~ +te c~mys point~ of tressoun~ & v+t~ offens~ c~tenit i~ +te lr~ez of # su~mond~ & p~ces~ led apon~ +tai~ w=t=inw~tin c~tinewit to +te saide day The saide alex=r= Duk of albany erl~e of march &c~ & +te Remane~t of +te p~son~s abone exp~mit oft tymes callit & no=t= c~perit lauch~ful tyme of day biddi~ The said~ c~missar~ be +te autorite of +tar~ c~i~ssioun~ & of spea~le c~mand of our~ saide sou~ane lord~ c~tinewit +te said~ su~mond~ & p~ces~ made & led apon~ +te saide p~son~s Togidd~ with~ +te saide p~liame~t & al caus~ su~mond~ & querell~ +t=t= depend~ +t~apon~ vnto +te xj day of mar .. next tocu~ with~ c~tia~cioun~ of dayis In all forme strenth~ & effect as effer~ & as It was +te saide ferd day of februar~ [} (\APUD EDINBURGH, XVIII DIE MARCII, A. D. M,CCCC,LXXXI.\) }] [^PASSAGES IN LATIN AND LISTS OF NAMES OMITTED.^]

OURE souerane lord the king in this pn~t p~liame~t In pn~s of his thre estait~ Declar~ Ane~t +te takin & Intrometting had of before of +te Castel of Edi~burgh be his vncl~is Johne erle of Athole & James erle of buchane / in our~ sou~ane lord~ tend~ age / was taki~ & done of the c~mand of his hienes gevin to +tai~ +t~apon~ The quhilk~ his vncl~is alsa deliu~it fra +tai~ +te sa~my~ castell than incontine~t at his c~mandme~t And this our~ sou~ane lord foresaide declarit of before And now at his p~fite age i~ this p~liame~t declar~ +te sa~my~ and +t=t= # his saide vncl~is and the p~son~s being w=t= +tai~ for +te tyme has no=t= Inru~ny~ ony c~mez~ blame nor offence in +t=t= mat~ agane his hienes / bot +t=t= in tyme tocu~ the saide Johne & James his vncl~is and the said~ p~son~s being with +tai~ / & +tar~ aer~ salbe qwite of al dangere & p~ell i~ tyme tocu~ / i~ +tar~ lyf~ land~ & gud~ ane~t +te saide # accioun~ / And neu~ to be folowit accusit nor chala~git +t~of be our~ saide sou~ane lord nor his successour~ i~ tyme tocu~ / And +t~fore orda~is / a lr~e of declaracioun~ vnd~ his grete Sele in +te best forme to be made her~apoun~ / and vnd~ the Selis of diu~s~ p~lat~ baron~s & c~i~ssar~ of burowis of +tis p~liame~t now gad~it for +te mar~ sikk~ & evide~t witnessing her~apon~ And +t=t= a p~cept be direct vnd~ +te p~ue Sele i~ +te saide mat~ in dew forme as effer~ [^PASSAGES IN LATIN OMITTED^]

OURE souerane lord the king and the thre Estaitis of his Realme being gaderit and assemblit in this pn~t parliament has vndirstandin and knawis wele / that this i~sta~t were Is movit apon~ oure souerane lord and his Realme / agane the will mynde & entencioun~ of his hienes / quhilk send his writing with a herald & persewant / offerand to haue made for his parte / a Redress~ of all atte~ptat~ done agane the trewis / that stude for the tyme / Sa that simylabl~e & sic like / micht haue bene had / And thareftir the said~ herald & persewant being lang haldin and taryit in Ingland / be the Revare Edward calland him king of Ingland / thai war send agane but ansuere / ow+t~ in wourd or writ / In Lichtlying of oure souerane lord / and of the saide Ressonabl~e desiris / quhilk was alan~ly to haue had pece / and to haue kepit his trewis / as apperit wele eftir the hame cu~myn~ of the said~ herald and persewant / quhen +tar~ was ane hoist of the hale grete powere of Scotland gaderit / to haue past for the resistence & Invasioun~ of oure ennemyis of Ingland / Oure souerane Lord at the Requeist and monycion~s of oure haly faid~ the papis bullis / schewi~ to him in the tyme / Skalit his grete hoist / In hope and traist +t=t= his ennemyis suld haue bene in like wise obedient / to oure haly faidir / vndir the quhilk traist / and be skaling of +te powere foresaide / thare was incontine~t grete byrnyng~ hereschip and distructioun~ done apon~ oure saide souerai~ Lord~ his Realme & Liegis And nochtwithstanding all this / his hie maiestee / +git desiris and wald haue pece / Sa that It micht be had according to the woureschip and honoure of his hienes / and his Realme / be +te sicht of his saide thre estait~ / as his excellence has now offerit the sammyn~ AND becaus It is verraly traistit and supponit / that the saide Revare Edwarde / throu birnand averice / and for fals Reif and conqueist / Nocht dredand god / nor the effusioun~ of c~stin blude / nor havand respect or Remembrance / that he was oblist and sworne to haue kepit the trewis foresaide / Bot postponand the band of his lawtee & honoure / that he suld haue had / Is alut~ly set to c~tinew in this were / that he has movit and begu~nyn~ / and be all his powere tendis and schapis / to Invaid & distroye / and in sa fer as he may to conquest this Realme The thre estait~ foresaide has tharefore hertfully of +tare avn~ free will~ / grantit & promittit to oure saide souerane lord / to Remane & abide / at the co~mand of his hienes / with thare person~s and all +tar~ substa~ce of Landis & gudis /

In the defence of his maste noble persoun~ / his successioun~ Realme & lieg~ / as thai and thare forbearis / has of all tymes done of before OURE souerane lord now knawand and vndirstandand wele / the grete affectioun~ & hertfull lufe / but dissimilacioun~ / that his prelat~ lord~ baron~s / and all v+t~is his liegis spu~ale and temp~ale / has to his p~son~ / He has now schewin and declarit his mynde opinly / that his maiestee sall with help of god / and with gude and trew c~sale of his p~latis lordis & wise discrete person~s / ger Justice be evinly mi~sterit / to all his lieg~ / and apply him / to the puttin of gude Reull in all partis of his Realme / to +te co~mon~ proffit and gude thareof / quharethrou all his trew liegis / sal haue caus~ / to be of gude c~fort / & take c~solacioun~ & curage / to the grete disconfort & c~founding of his ennemyis & of all fals tratour~ and vntrew hertis AND for the Resisting and aganestanding of the saide Revare Edwarde / quhilk schapis to Invaid this Realme with~ grete armey and powere / baith be sey and Land / It is avisit & sene proffitabl~e / be oure souerane lord and the thre estait~ / +tat all delige~ce lauboure & solicitacioun~ possible be had / to get knaulage & vndirsta~ding / of the c~sale and disposicioun~ of +te said Revare Edward~ of Ingland And quhat tyme he schaipis to Invaid +tis Realme ow+t~ in propir persoun~ / or be his wardanis And in the mene that lr~es be w~tin / to all s~effis / chargeing all oure souerane lordis Lieg~ / to be redy with~ certane dayis vittalis / to cu~ wele abil+geit for were / to his hienes in all possibl~e haist eftir as thai salbe chargit / And to caus~ wapi~schawing~ to be haldin eu~y xv dayis And boundis to be ly~mit apon~ the sey coist / eu~y vj myle of Lenth / and a myle of breid / and capitanis to be ly~mit eu~y vj myle / to gadir the cu~tre / and to awayte thar~uppoun~ / quhen +tare is na grete hoisti~g~ be land And than all person~s in generall / to cu~ thareto / And that al p~son~s within thai bound~ / geif It sall happin oure ennemyis to Invaid the realme be sey in thai partis to be redy for the Resisting & Inpugnacioun~ of +tame / Sa that geif the saide Revare Edward happi~nis to cum in propir persoun~ / to be Resistit be oure sou~ane lord in prop~ persoun~ / and with~ +te hale body of the Realme / to leyf and dee with his hienes / in his defence / And geif +te saide Revare sendis wardanis / thai to be Resistit be wardanis & lieute~nand~ stuffit with sufficient powere / according for the tyme AND becaus the Currouris has bene and ar sleuthfull / in the pn~tacioun~ & gevin of oure souerane lordis lr~es / to the lordis and s~effis quham to thai ar direkit / his hienes has ordanit / that incontine~t eftir that lr~ez be w~tin / ow+t~ vnd~ p~ue Sele or signete / that thare salbe ly~mit a sufficient persoun~ of his thesaurary / to Ressave thame stuffit with money to mak / the expensis /

of the person~s . beraris of the saide lr~es / quhilk~ salbe autentik person~s / and wele horsit me~ / to warne his lieg~ in the ferrest partis of the Realme / before v+t~is +t=t= ar nerrare ITEM as twiching the Resisting and staynching of the tresoun~ of the trato=r= James of Dowglace quhilk is now cu~myng to the bordour~ / It is gra~tit & ordanit be oure sou~ane lord and the thre estait~ for the caus~ abone exp~mit That gen~ale proclamacioun~ be made / that quhatsu~euir persoun~ or p~son~s that wil sla or bring / +te saide James persoun~ / to his hienes sal haue tharefore / and be infeft heretably in j=c= m~k~ worth of land / and als haue J~ m~k~ of money of the Realme / and sal +t~eftir stand in lufe & tend~nes to his gude grace in all tyme cu~myng And for the slaying takin or bringin to his hienes / of ony tratour~ being w=t= him / cu~my~ of gentill blude / thare salbe payit xx l~i And for a +gema~ ma~ x l~i And quhatsu~euir p~son~s / that now assistis to +te saide tratour~ Douglace / that will w~in xxiiij dais / cu~ to our~ souerane Lord / and byde at the faith and Lawtee of his hienes / sal haue full re~issioun~ and forgeifnes / of all tressoun~ and vthir trespass~ / c~mittit be +tai~ of tyme bigane And quhai +t=t= will nocht cu~ / within the tyme abone exp~myt / sal neu~ be Ressavit to fauour~ nor grace And als to proclame +t=t= gen~al Respitt and Remissioun~ salbe gevin to all bordourar~ & v+t~ person~s / of +te Realme / that has c~mittit ony tressoun~ or trespass~ in tyme bigane / Except +te person~s that plesis his hienes to except That is to say the tratour~ James of Douglace / alex~r Jarding s~=r= Richard holland~ and maist~ pat~k haliburtoun~ preist~ / and vthir sic like tratour~ that ar sworne Inglis~me~ and Remanys in Ingland ALSA the thre estait~ / now c~siderand and vndirstandand / the honorable and Curageous opinioun~ / of oure sou~ane Lord / In the halding vp of the tovn~ of berwik / and the grete cost and expens~ that his hienes has made / in the fortifying strenthing & biggin / of the wallis of +te sa~my~ / & Rep~acioun~ of the castell / and stuffing +tareof / be artil+gery / And als the grete charge & coist / +tat his maiestee has now takin apon~ him / to hald & lay on~ his avn~ expe~s~ garnysoun~ of v=c= me~ of were / in the saide tovn~ / for the keping & defens +t~of / to +te grete hono=r= & proffit of +te Realme / and harme & skaith~ to oure ennemyis / The saide estait~ of +tar avn~ free will / has gra~tit to oure souerane Lord~ / to send & wage on~ +tar~ expens~ vj=c= me~ of were / to be layd in garnysoun~ in plac~ vndirwriti~ on~ the bordouris / for the defence of the sa~myn~ / & Resisting of oure saide ennemyis / And the sovme that salbe payit to +tare wag~ / salbe devidit & gevin be the thre estait~ / eftir the forme of +te ald vse and c~suetude of divisioun~ made of befor~ / +tat Is to say xij=xx= of me~ of were to be furnyst be the clergy / xij=xx= be the baron~s / vj=xx= be the burowis / and to entir in the plac~ vnd~w~tin that

is to say the garnysoun~ on the bordour~ the first day of the moneth of maij / and fra thine furth~ to Remane to +te c~pleting of thre monethis And the garnysoun~ for~said~ to ent~ in berwic / the first day of Junij / and fra thine furth~ to Remai~ for thre monethis / ITEM It is ordanit / that +te saide me~ of Were / salbe Layd in the plac~ eft~ folowi~g / that is to say in berwic / v=c= as saide is / of +te quhilk~ / thare salbe eu~ ij=c= Redy to vsch~ at +te c~mand of the wardane of +te est m~chis / & his lieute~nand~ / & obey to +tai~ and ride als~ oft as thai salbe chargit / Item to be layd in blacat~ / xx me~ / and in Wed~burn~ xx . and in hum~e / lx / Item on the myddil m~chis In cesfurde lx / In Jedworth lx . In ormystoun~ xx . In egar~stoun~ xx . In coklaw xx . In dolphi~stoun~ xx . Item in +te Ermtage j=c= me~ quhilk salbe Redy to support baith +te myddil and the West bordour~ in tyme of nede / and as +tai salbe warnit & chargit / Item on~ the west bordour~ / In lochmabane j=c= me~ / In castelmylk xl me~ In Annand xl me~ / In bellis tour~ xx me~ / ITEM of the j=c= me~ of were / that sal ly in blacat~ Wed~burn~ & hum~e / James of borthwik sone to +te lord borthwik / to be Capitane / and he to cheis~ +te saide j=c= me~ sic as he wil ansuer~ for to +te king~ hienes And in like wise he to cheis~ & depute twa gentilme~ to be capitanys vnd~ him ane to Remane in blacat~ / and ane in Wed~burn~ / & him self to Remai~ i~ hum~e Item of +te myddil m~ch / In cesfurde ormystoun~ & egar~stoun~ the larde of edmo~stoun~ to be capitane / and to cheis~ +te j=c= me~ as saide is & to cheis~ and depute twa Capitanys vnd~ him / and hi~ self to remai~ in ane of +te saide thre plac~ / and the to+t~ twa capitanys in +te to+t~ twa plac~ Item of +te j=c= me~ in Jedworth Coklaw & dolphi~stoun~ +te larde of Cra~stoun~ to be Capitane / and cheis~ +te j=c= me~ and twa capitanys vnd~ him as saide Is Item to be Capitane of +te j=c= men in the ermtage the larde of La~myntoun~ / and he to cheis~ +tai~ as saide is Item to be Capitai~ in lochmabane of +te j=c= me~ & to cheis~ +tai~ as saide is / +te larde of # Closebern~ Item of +te j=c= me~ & to cheis~ +tai~ and twa Capitanys as saide is for castelmylk a~nand & bellis tour~ the larde of amysfeild / and he to Remane in ane of the thre plac~ / and his twa Deput~ in the to+t~ twa plac~ ITEM the principale Capitanys foresaide / sal Ressave the hale waig~ for +tame self and the capitanys vndir +tame / and for al the p~son~s c~mittit to +tare gov~nance as said is And thareftir pay ilk ma~ as thai wil ansuer~ to the king~ hienes / and ilk p~sone foresaide to haue for his wage on~ the day Ilk spere / ij s~ vj d~ [{and ilk bow . ij . s~ And that the tane half of the said wageouris salbe speiris / and the tother half bowis .{] ...

ITEM Our Souerane Lord hes ordanit the Lord Dernly to be wardane on the west Bordouris / and co~mandis and chargeis / that all his liegis answer and obey to him / and his Lieutennentis in the said office in tyme tocum . ITEM Attour for the defence and supplie of our Souerane Lordis liegis / that remanis on the Bordouris and punitioun of the vntrew persounis / quhilkis fauouris and suppleis the fals and tressonabill opinioun of the tratour James of Dowglas / our Souerane Lordis hienes hes committit full and haill power to all his wardanis to exerce thair officis on all sic persounis within thair boundis without ony exceptioun . and hes reuokit all exceptiounis grantit to ony persounis of befoir except allanerly sa mony persounis / as remanis within the Towne and Castell of Berwyk . And gif ony exceptioun be desyrit / thair salbe nane grantit without a speciall and ressonabill cause vnderstandin and declarit be the Lordis of counsall befoir the geuing thairof . ALSUA It is auisit / ordanit / and concludit be our Souerane Lord and his thre Estatis / that ane honorabill Ambaxat be send fra our Souerane Lordis hienes & fra the Estatis of the Realme to the King of France and to the Parliament of Paris / desyrand the King of France / as his brother and confederat to help and supplie his hienes and his Realme now in his weiris mouit be thair commoun Inimie of Ingland aganis thame / lyke as our Souerane Lord hes euer and will be reddy to his brotherheid / quhen he salbe requyrit / making mentioun alswa / that he hes diuers tymes writtin to the King of France thairupone / and gottin nane answer . MEMORAND~ +te sext day of m~che +te +geir of god J=m= iiij=c= lxxxj +geir~ Robert Dan+gelstoun was persewit be ane woma~ callit Glen befoir +te lordis of counsale And scho wald~ haue cu~in aganis hir aith +t=t= scho maid in Jugement befoir +te officiall of glasgw And +tair was schawin ane Instrument vnder +te seill of +te said officiale +tat scho consentit to +te alienation~ of sic landis and swoir that scho suld~ neu~ cu~ in +te contrair heirof And wald haue had +te said~ landis allegeand +tat It was hir co~iunctfeftment and maid reuocatioun eftir hir husband~ deceis~ sayand +tat he compellit hir +t~to The actioun~ was deliu~it aganis +tis woman ITEM our sou~ane lord and his thre estatis hes In +tis pn~t parliament apprevit / ratifyit / and confermyt all +te actis & statutis of parliament maid of befoir / tuicheing +te obs~uatioun & keiping of +te Indult and p~uilege grantit be o=r= haly fader +te paip to the Archibischop and sege of Sanctandr~ anent +te co~firmatiou~ of electioun~ of abbotis electis and postulatis The quhilk~

actis and panis contenit in +tame salbe alswele extendit upoun~ +te brekaris of +tame +t=t= assistis or gevis help supple fynance or supportatioun~ +t~to as on~ +te principall And als with extentiou~ of +te sami~ actis till all v+t~ placis of +te realme w=t=in +t~ diocyis +t=t= hes bene in vse consuetude or possessioun~ of confirmatioun~ of electionis postulationis of abbacyis p~oryis or p~lacyis of tymes bigane in +t~ diocyis And in likewis~ +tat all v+t~ p~uilegeis and Indultis grantit be o=r= haly faderis +te papis of befoir to oure sou~ane lord and his progenito=r=~ to +te proffet and availl of +tair successo=r=~ or pepill be Inlikewis~ obs~uit & kepit in all punctis and articl~is contenit in +te sami~ Insafer as salbe sene proffitabl~e to +te gude publict of +te realme And spea~lie be papis Celestyn~ and Innocent~ to kingis of gude mynde William~e and Alex~r his progenito=r=~ And +t=t= lr~es be writtin to o=r= haly fader +te paip heirupoun~ And +tis tobe extendit be +te caus~ as is c~tenit in +te act of # p~liame~t maid +t~upoun~ of befoir ITEM It is statute and ordanit be +te king and his thre estatis anent +te p~uilege of +te croun~ vsit and obs~uit in all tymes bigane anent +te pn~tacioun~ of bn~fices in the tyme of the vacacioun~ of +te segis of bischopis that o=r= sou~ane lord and his successo=r=~ sall in tyme tocum +te tyme of +te vacacioun of +te sege haue pouer to pn~t to bn~fices all tymes quhil +te p~late and bischope mak his bullis of prouisioun~ be schawin to +te king~ hienes and his chepto=r= And in caise +tat o=r= sou~ane lord of his spea~le grace and fauouris admitt ony p~late to his temporalitie befoir +te schawing of his bullis as said is that sic admissioun salbe na p~iudice nor skaith till his hienes ane~t his said p~uilege and rycht of presentacioun ITEM It is statute and ordanit that the act of Parliament maid of befoir for punitioun of the persounis that laubouris and dois ony thing contrare to the said priuilege salbe extendit alsweill vpone thame / that takis officis of procuratioun on thame or supportis or suppleis thay persounis with money and fynance to be punist as the principall doaris And attour gif ony person~ or persounis in tyme tocum rasis or purchessis ony commissioun of the sege of Rome to be prouydit of ony benefice that beis fundin vacand the sege of the Bischop vacand for the tyme the persounis that rasis purchessis or vsis sic co~missiounis salbe repute and haldin as brekaris and violatours of our Souerane Lordis priuilegis / and transgressouris agane the act of Parliament and incur the panis contenit in the samin ITEM oure sou~ane lord of his spea~le grace and his thre estatis hes ordanit and commandit +t=t= in tyme tocu~ all freind~ strangear~ and alienaris of v+t~ cu~treis +t=t= cu~is heir with~ m~chandice and vittalis to +te # supportatioun of +te realme salbe fauorablie tretit and cheresit

in tyme cu~ming to +te Intent and effect to cause thame tocum w=t=in +te realme considering +t=t= +te m~chand~ of +tis realme ar throw weir~ stoppit to exerce and vse +te cours~ of m~chandice and specially to gar vittalis be bro=t= in sen~ +t~ is now skantnes +t~of [} (\XXIII DIE MARCII\) }] [^A PASSAGE IN LATIN AND A LIST OF NAMES OMITTED^] Anent the halding of a Court of purprusioun~ apon~ the land~ of Rathburn~ be Elizabeth nesbit alex=r= chernside and pat~k hum~e +tar~ bail+ge on~ the ta p~te / agai~ Jonete hum~e the spous of James of dowglace on~ the to+t~ p~te / for +te wra~gwis~ calling of +te saide Jonete to +te saide court of p=r=prusioun~ as was allegit & c~tinewit to +te p~liame~t // The lord~ auditour~ foresaide chosi~ be the thre estait~ al i~ a voce Int~pret~ and declaris that na vassall nor subvassall na v+t~ te~nand~ vnd~ the barone / has power~ nor Jurisdiccioun~ to hald~ a Court or knaw on~ +te questioun~ of p=r=prusioun~ and tharefore dec~nys & deliu~is that +te saide court of p=r=prusioun~ halding be +te saide Elizabeth~ alex=r= and pat~k twiching +te saide land~ of Rathburn~ / Is of nane avale force strenth nor effect in Iugeme~t nor vtouth i~ tyme tocu~ /

[} (\APUD EDINBURGH, II DIE DECEMBRIS, A. D. M,CCCC,LXXXII.\) }] [^PASSAGES IN LATIN AND LISTS OF NAMES OMITTED^]

[^PASSAGE IN LATIN OMITTED^] Befor~ the hale lord~ of the thre estat~ gad~it in the tolbuth of Edi~burgh~ p~sonaly Comperit Wil+gai~ lord~ sinclar~ foloware on~ the ta p~te & s~=r= Wil+gai~ of borthwik sone & apperand ayr~ to Wil+gai~ lord~ borthwik & alex=r= hepburne s~ef of Edi~burgh~ with c~tane v+t~ p~son~s quhilk~ past of befor~ on +te s~ving of a breif of our~ sou~ane lord~ chapel p=r=chest on~ +te said Wil+gai~ of fatuitee be +te said s~=r= Wil+gai~ of borthwik defendour~ on the to+t~ p~te Baith~ the said~ p~tijs beand pn~t & +tar~ Reson~s & allegacion~s at lenth~ sene herd & vnd~standi~ The hale body of +te p~liame~t be a se~seme~t decretit & deliu~it +t=t= the said breif p=r=chest apon~ the said Wil+gai~ lord~ si~clar~ was owt of +te dew forme of our~ sou~ane lord~ chapell / & als +t=t= It is no=t= formaly execute be +te said s~ef And atto=r= +t=t= the p~son~s +t=t= past apon~ # +te s~ving of +te sa~my~ errit i~ +tar~ deliu~ance & Retouri~g And +tfor~ dec~nis the Retour~ / +te office of Curatry c~mittit to +te said s~=r= Wil+gai~ of borthwik / & +te # int~dictioun~ put apo~ +te said Wil+gai~ lord~ si~clar~ & al v+t~ thi~g +t=t= folowit apo~ +te said breif / to be of nane avale force nor effect in Jugeme~t nor vtouth~ i~ tyme tocu~ [^PASSAGE IN LATIN OMITTED^] It Is ordanit avisit and Concludit be oure souerane lord and his thre estaitis being assemblit in this pn~t parliame~t that pece be takin with Ingland gif It can be had with hono=r= but inco~uenie~t / and that the Aliance and mariage appointit of before be obs~uit & kepit in al point~ for the parte of oure sou~ane lord gife the king of Ingland wil do the sa~myn~ for his parte And for to get sikkir certificacioun~ and knaulage of the king of ingland~ mynde and intencioun~ in the p~miss~ / that thare be a king of armys or a herald of wisdome and knaulage send with autentik w~ting fra the king~ hienes my lord of albany and the hale estait~ of the Realme be autoritee of p~liame~t / and with~ Instruccion~s The quhilk~ writing & instruccion~s / sal c~tene and bere in effect That the trewis takin and c~fermit of before / betuix baith the king~ be thare grete selis / ar violate & hurt / be

diu~s~ grete attemptatis c~mittit & done be the partij of Ingland / co~trar~ the mynde wil & entencioun~ of oure souerane lord and the estait~ of his Realme / Considering +t=t= his hienes at al tymes desirit the # obs~uacioun~ of the trewis / and for his parte / to haue made reformacioun~ of all attemptat~ done agane the sa~my~ / Sa +t=t= he micht haue had sic like / and +t~apone the last +gere send his herald~ to +te king of Ingland with aute~tik w~ting And that +git in tyme tocum / oure saide souerane lord~ and his hale estait~ Desiris and wald haue pece obs~uit / & Reformacioun~ of atte~ptat~ made And for his parte wil send his grete co~missionar~ tharefore ow+t~ in Ingland vnd~ c~duct or grant c~duct to c~i~ssionar~ of Ingland to cu~ in +tis land / Sa +t=t= +te king of Ingland wil assent +t~to Y And in like wise that oure souerane lord~ & +te estait~ of his Realme desiris that +te aliance & mariage appointit of before betuix oure lord the p~nce & +te docht~ of +te king of Ingland be fulfillit in al poyntis Praying tharefore the king of Ingland that he wil geif his c~sent / & apply him to +te pece to be had betuix +te Realmes / and fulfilling of +te saide aliance / for +te plesur~ of god and c~mon~ wele of baith +te Realmes / and +t=t= he wil send his mynde & ente~tioun~ in w~t aute~tik +t~apone / And geif sa be +t=t= +te king of Ingland wil no=t= apply him to +te pece / bot c~tinew in his wer~ / Oure sou~ane lord~ tak~ witnes of god / +t=t= it is aga~is his will / & +t=t= he sal no=t= be +te caus~ nor occasioun~ of effusioun~ of c~sti~ blude / bot i~ his Ry=t=wis querel & defens And sal god willing defend his Realme in hono=r= & fredome as his noble p~ge~itour~ has done in tymes bigane SECUNDLY that sen~ the bordouris ar daily Inuadit and oure sou~ane lordis Liegis gretely oppressit and oureset be +te partij of Ingland And sen~ It accord~ nocht to +te honour~ of his hienes to put his nobl~e persone daily to danger~ That +t~fore and It ples~ gude grace to speke to his bru+t~ the duke of albany to tak apon~ him to be lieute~nent gen~ale of +te Realme / and to defend the bordouris / and Resist his ennemyis baith of Ingland & vtheris in al tymes of nede And to avise how he salbe supportit to bere the grete charge & cost~ of the saide office &c~ according to +te king~ wour~schip ITEM It is avisit and concludit that oure souerane lord~ inco~tine~t dispone him and all his liegis with all his extreme powere for were of ingland and for the defence of his Realme baith be sey & land / and als for Inuasioun~ of his ennemyis And that but delay he caus~ lr~es of oppi~ p~clamacioun~ vnd~ his p~ue Sele to be send to all s~effis and vthir officiar~ in al p~tis of his Realme Chargeing al his liegis to dispone +tai~ & mak +tai~ Redy as said is for were / and purvay +tame of hors harnes & v+t~ abil+geme~t nedefull & of victalis Sa +tat +tai be redy at al tymes to cu~ to o=r= saide Sou~ane lord~ & his lieute~nent gen~ale in al possible haist eft~ +tai be warnit & chargit +t~to / for defens of +te Realme

Resisting & i~pug~yng of his ennemyis And +t=t= ilk s~ef and officiar~ withi~ +te bound~ of his office tak # wapi~schewing~ eftir +te forme of the act of p~liame~t maide of before / and Rase +te vnlawis and punys~ the faltouris eftir +te forme of +te sa~my~ act~ but ony fauour~ ALSA Becaus It is oppin and ma~ifest / that the bordouris ar wastit & distroyit / and in like wise a grete parte Inwarde in the land be tressoun~ and thyft It is ordanit that the wardanis on~ al +te m~chis ger set and hald~ wardane court~ als~ oft as thai may of +te Law and punys~ trespassouris baith tratouris and theyf~ with~ all Rigoure but fauouris according to Justice / And in like wise that s~effis provestis and bail+geis of burowis and vthir officiaris baith to burgh & to land execute & mi~ster thare offic~ / and do Justice to all oure souerane lord~ liegis in Ciuile accion~s and +t=t= thai punys~ c~mi~ale accion~s as thyft slaucht~ and spule+ge in safer as p~tenis to +tare Jurisdiccioun~ & office eftir +te forme of the king~ lawis & of the act~ & statut~ of p~liame~t made +t~apon~ as thai will ansuer~ to o=r= sou~ane lord~ / and vndir the pane of punysing of +tame baith in thare p~son~s gud~ & offic~ eftir +te forme of the said~ act~ and statutis ALSA It is statute and ordanit that in al tymes to cu~ / the wardanis Courtis be of c~tia~cioun~ that is to say / that the wardanis sal haue powere to hald +tar~ courtis / and end +tai~ the first day / or c~tinew +tame as plesis +tame for thre dayis or within / ALSA It is statute and ordanit that in tyme tocu~ for the hono=r= of oure sou~ane lord~ / nane of his liegis breik his sauf conduct nor his wardanis within the boundis of thare offic~ vndir the pane of Dede ALSA that in tyme tocum nane of oure sou~ane lord~ liegis bring Corrupt or mixt wyne within the Realme / And gif ony sic happi~nis to be send hai~ / that na ma~ sell nor tap It / fra it be declarit be the bail+geis and gustaris of wyne that it is mixt or Corrupt / Bot send it agane furth of +te Realme vndir +te pane of dede And that na persoun~ within the Realme tak apo~ hand~ in tyme tocu~ to mix wyne or beir~ vnd~ +te pane of dede as saide is ALSA It is statute and ordanit that the act~ and statut~ made of before ane~t +te halding of money within the Realme / be put to execucioun~ and the panys Raisit but fauouris And +t=t= gude and trew serchouris be set at al portis eftir the forme of the actis and statutis made of before ALSA It is statute and ordanit that the Actis of p~liame~t made of before ane~t the purchesing of pension~s furth of benefic~ secular~ or Religious be put to execucioun~ And that na ma~ vse ony process~ of ony pensioun~

impetrate c~trare the saide actis vnd~ +te panys c~tenit in +te sa~my~ act~ that is to say Rebellioun~ & prosc~pcioun~ of the Realme AND attoure for the co~mone proffit of the hale Realme / and to caus~ strangearis of vthir Realmes to cu~ within the sa~myn~ with victalis and nedefull~ m~chandise to +te supportacioun~ of +te king~ liegis / It is statute & ordanit that in tyme tocum al strangear~ be tretit honorabl~y with~ all fauouris quhare eu~ +tai cu~ to ony port of +te Realme And that nane of o=r= sou~ane lord~ officiaris nor v+t~is his liegis distrubl~e +tai~ nor put +tai~ self schippis nor gudis vndir arreist / bot +t=t= +tai haue ful lib~tee & fredome / to dispone apon~ +tar~ avn~ gudis / and sel +tai~ to fre men~ / without # co~pulsioun~ or violence And that na price be set apon~ +tar~ gud~ bot be bying & selling with +tar~ avn~ c~sent and that na new Custumes Impo~icion~s nor exaccion~s be Raisit nor takin of +tame / bot eftir +te ald~ vse and c~suetude And quhare ony victalis or m~chandise cu~mys / ganyng for o=r= sou~ane lord~ / +tat his comptrollar~ or Ressauo=r= / eftir +t=t= the p~ce be made w=t= +te # stra~gearis / sal haue samekle of +te first & best as Is nedeful to oure sou~ane lordis propir vse / for +te quhilk +tai sal mak tha~kfull payme~t but delay/ that in defalt +tareof / the strangear~ be no=t= taryit And +t=t= in tyme tocu~ na p~sone vnd~ colo=r= of bying to oure sou~ane lord~ vse tak or Ressave mar~ gudis fra strangear~ / to Regrate and sel agane / vnd~ +te pane of ba~nysing the Realme & tinsale & eschete of +tar~ movabl~e gudis / And mar~ oure +t=t= strangear~ now being within +te Realme +t=t= ar playntuous of ony gudis takin fra +tame / or Iniuris done to +tai~ / sal haue inco~tine~t payme~t made to +tai~ / & Reformacioun~ accordi~g to Justice And in like wise gife ony strangearis +t=t= are now absent cu~mys her~eft~ to comple~+ge / +t=t= +tai sal haue # Reformacioun~ and Justice of ony p~son~s within the Realme but delay Sa +t=t= throw mi~stracioun~ of Justice & fauorable treting of al strangear~ / +tai sal haue occasioun~ to cu~ and Repar~ in the Land in tyme tocu~ to +te grete vtilite of +te hale Realme THE thre estaitis has ordanit to w~te to +te king of france and to +te p~liame~t of paris~ vnd~ the Chancellaris sele procurit for +tame all in +te hale p~liame~t schewing +te Complaynt made be diu~s~ m~chandis of this Realme / +t=t= +tare gudis ar arrestit and haldin fra +tai~ i~ france be c~mand of +te king as is allegit / but caus~ or forme of Justice And +t=t= +tai ar no=t= demanyt as freyndis / bot +tare gudis maist~fully Reft & haldi~ fra +tai~ c~trare to +te aliance & band betuix +te Realmes And +t=t= m~cha~d~ & v+t~is of +te Realme / has bene sekand Justice at +te king of france & at his c~sale / & cowth get nane / of +te quhilk +tai m~vale gretely Considering +t=t= thare was neu~ sic like breik of before Exhorting & prayi~g +tame +tarefore of Remede Sa +t=t= we haue caus~ to trete +tai~ as oure freyndis i~ tyme tocu~ like as has bene done i~ tymes bigane And gife +tar~ be ony franch

ma~ +t=t= Complenis / +t=t= +tai wil cu~ to schew +tar~ # complaynt / & +tai sal haue Justice And als to expone +t=t= franchme~ quhe~ +tai cu~ here desiris to haue galyais & c~duct~ or +tai cu~ on~ land inco~trar~ to +te aliance & freyndschip made of before ffor +te quhilk~ the thre estait~ has chosin Walter bertram~e and ordanis him to pas to +te king of france & to +te p~liame~t of paris~ with +t~ lr~es / and with~ Credence in al +t~ mat~is # foresaide / and ansuer~ to be gevin to him / to be brocht agane to +te thre estait~ ALSA oure souerane lord and the thre estaitis has c~tinewit this p~liame~t to +te first Day of March next tocu~ with c~tia~cioun~ of dayis And ordanit +t=t= al p~latis lord~ and grete baron~s and all c~i~ssaris of burowis / Compere agane +te saide day p~sonaly / Lattand +tame wit that na p~curatouris salbe admittit for ony ma~ +t=t= is of j=c= l~i of life late or abone And as for +tai~ +t=t= ar within j=c= l~i / the p~liame~t gra~t~ +tai~ leif / to Remane away as for +tis tyme

[^A PASSAGE IN LATIN OMITTED^] THE QUHILK day in p~lme~t sittand~ o=r= sou~ane lord the king his thre estat~ being assemblit & gad~it William~ Cumy~ masar s~ef in +tat p~t pn~t a lr~ of Su~mond~ vnd~ the quhit walx & +te testimoniale of +te grete sele of +te quhilk the teno=r= folowis [^A PASSAGE IN LATIN OMITTED^]

Execut be the said masar~ hand w~te & testimoniale vnd~ his sele togidd~ w=t= +te Indorsing of Alex=r= hepburn~ of quhitsum s~ef of Edinburgh~ pn~t & Red in Jugeme~t as eft~ folowis THE XI day of +te moneth~ of +te moneth~ of decembre the +gere of our lord a thousand~ four hundreth~ four skore & thre +ger~ And of the Regnne of our~ Souu~a~ lord king James the thrid~ the xxiiij +gere / I Williame Cumy~ masar & s~ef in +t=t= p~t be oure Souu~ane lord spa~ly c~stitut be his lr~ez direct to me / past w=t= +te samy~ / & +t~ Witnes Symon sp~do=r= messingere / Thomas Scot Johne Cowy with~ v+t~ diu~s~ to +te m~ket cors~ of Aberdene / And in likewis~ the xviij day of +te samy~ moneth~ and +gere forsaid~ I past w=t= the said lr~ez and +t~ witnes Tho=s= Scot Johne fres~ & Johne Cowy patric prat ane of +te baillies of banf patric blith~ & patric duncansoun~ burges of +te samy~ to +te m~ket cors~ of banf And the xx day of +te said moneth~ & +gher~ I past w=t= +te said lr~ez & +t~ witnes Symon sp~do=r= Thomas Scot Johne fres~ & Johne of Cowy with~ v+t~ diu~s~ to +te m~ket cors of elgin The xxij day of +te said moneth~ & +gher~ I past with~ +te said lr~ez & +t~ witnes Thomas Scot Johne fresar Johne Cowy Archbald broun~ & Johne terres w=t= v+t~ diu~s~ to +te m~ket cors of fores The xxiij day of +te moneth~ & +ger~ forsaid~ I past w=t= +te said lr~ez & +t~ witnes Thomas Scot Johne fres~ Johnne Cowy William~ Caldor & Alane thomsoun~ burges of narne / w=t= v+t~ diu~s~ to +te m~ket cors of narne / And +te samy~ xxiij day I past w=t= +te said lr~ez & +t~ witnes Thomas scot Johne fres~ Johne Cowy Alex=r= flemi~g Alex=r= Rede / & Johnne pat~soun~ burges of Inu~nes to +te m~kat cors~ of +te samy~ And becaus~ I cowth no=t= get c~tane verificac~oun

nor knaulage quhar to fynd nor app~hend p~sonaly William~ lord crechtoun~ / I past to all +te borowis forene~myt and at +te m~ket cors~ of +te samy~ at dais & befor Witnes abone exp~mit I su~mond p~emptourly be opin proclamc~oun the samy~ Willia~ lord crechtoun And mar~ atto=r= the pe~ult day of +te moneth~ & +gere forsaid~ I past w=t= +te said lr~ez & +t~ # witnes Thomas Scot Johne fres~ Johne Cowy Willia~ John~soun~ ane of +te baillies of thane Thomas Rede a bailze of cromaty Mawnis vans burges of Inu~nes & Alex=r= su+t~land~ bru+t~ & famuliar s~uit=r= to +te said lord c~chto~ to +te tovnn of thane in Ross~ within the s~efdome of Inu~nes forsaid~ quhar~ the samy~ lord crechtoun~ had his duelling / as I was informyt in the vicar~ hous~ of thane / And at all +te m~ket cors~ of +te borowis befor ne~myt & vicar~ hous~ in thane als forsaid~ I Su~mond~ lauchfully & p~empto=r=ly in the name & autorite of our sou~a~ lord the king the said William~ lord crechtoun~ To compere p~sonaly befor o=r= forne~myt Souu~a~ lord in his nixt p~liame~t to be haldin At Edinburgh~ on thur~da the xix day of +te moneth~ of februar nixt tocu~ And +t~ to a~suer to his hienes in his said p~liame~t for the tresonable art p~t consale & assistence don~ & gevin to Alex=r= vmquhil duc of Albany in the tressonable missioun~ & sending of James of liddale vmquhil of halk~stoun~ knicht in Ingland~ w=t= tressonable writ~ mi~met~ & Instrucc~ons to +te # tressonable c~federac~oun w=t= inglismen~ in the said Alexr~is tressonable opinion~ aganis our Souu~a~ lord~ hienes & Realme And for the tressonable counsale & assistence done & gevin to +te said alex=r= in the tressonable Ressaui~g halding & deliu~ing of a pursewant of +te king of ingland~ callit blewmantle with~ tressonable writ~ & Instrucc~ons to +te i~imyis of Ingland~ And for +te tressonable art p~t & counsale gevin to +te said Alex=r= in his tressonable ganging & away passing in Ingland~ w=t=out licence of o=r= said souu~a~ lord to +te tressonable Inbringing of +te said i~ymyis of ingland~ for +te tressonable destrucc~oun of o=r= said sou~a~ lord~ p~son~ & Realme And for +te tressonable sending of diu~s~ lr~ez in Ingland~ to +te said alex=r= be ane thomas dicsoun~ chaipla~ sen~ the forfatur~ of +te said Alex=r= And for +te tressonable fortifiyng & stuffing of +te castell of crechtoun~ and for +te tressonable counsale & assistance gevi~ to +te p~sonis being in the said castell tressonably w=t=haldand the samy~ castell aganis the c~mandme~t of our Souu~a~ lord to +tai~ direct / be +te said William~ lord crechtoun~ tressonably done / eft~ our souu~a~ lord~ grace grauntit & gevin to +te said Willia~ lord crechtoun~ apon~ the mony & diu~s~ tressonable acc~ons & Rebellion~s aganis o=r= souu~a~ lord~ & his Realme be him tresonably c~myttit & done / & for +te said~ tresonable trespassez & c~mez~ at day & place ly~myt to vnd~ly +te law And in al +te abone w~tin execuc~oun I made Inti~ac~oun that quhe+t~ the said lord crechtoun~ comp~it or nocht at day & place to him ly~myt w=t= c~tia~c~oun of dais Our Sou~a~ lord neu~ +te les Justice passand~ befor~ wald p~cede / And als of our souu~ane lord~ lr~ez to me direct in +tis mat~ as said Is / I gaif the copy to +te forsaid~ Alex=r= Su+t~land~ quhilk Requirit me +t~of on the behalf of +te

said lord~ crechtoun~ at thane +te pe~ult day of dece~ber abone writti~ In witnes hereof to this my lett~ of execuc~oun~ & Record~ w~tin w=t= my avne hand~ I haue affixt my Sele / [^A PASSAGE IN LATIN OMITTED^] THE XJ DAY of decembre I Alex=r= hepburn~ of quhitsum s~ef of Edinburgh~ at +te biddin & c~mand of +t~ o=r= sou~a~ lord~ lr~ez becaus~ I couth~ no=t= app~hend~ Willia~ lord crechtoun~ p~sonally I past w=t= +te said lr~ez & +t~ witnes vnd~w~tin to +te castell of crechtoun~ / & +t~ I su~mond~ the said William~ lord crechtoun~ to Comper~ p~sonali in o=r= Souu~a~ lord~ Parlme~t nixt to be haldin at Edinburgh~ apon~ thur~da +te xix day of februar~ nixt tocu~ with~ c~tia~c~oun of dais & +t~ to ansuer~ to o=r= souu~a~ lord in his said p~lme~t for his tressonable art

p~t counsale and assistence gevin to Alex=r= su~ty~ Duc of Albany in his tressonable sending of s~=r= James of liddale vmquhil of halk~stoun~ knicht in Ingland~ w=t= tressonable w~ting~ mynyme~t~ & Instrucc~ons to +te tressonable c~federac~oun of inglisme~ in the said Alex~ris tressonable opi~on aganis o=r= said sou~a~ lord & his Realme And for the tressonable consale & assistence gevin to +te said alex=r= in the tressonable Ressaui~g haldi~g & # deliu~ing / of a pursewant of +te king of ingland~ callit blewmantle w=t= tressonable w~ting~ & Instrucc~ons to o=r= said sou~a~ lord~ Inymyis of ingland And for the tressonable art p~t & consale gevin to +te said Alex=r= in his tressonable passing in Ingland~ without leif of our~ Souu~a~ lord~ to +te tressonable Inbringing of inglisme~ / in to his tressonable opinioun~ for the tressonable # destrucc~oun of o=r= sou~a~ lord~ p~soun~ & Realme And for +te tressonable sending of diu~s~ & mony lr~ez to +te said Alex=r= he beand~ in Ingland~ be a chaipla~ callit s~=r= thomas dicsoun~ eft~ +te forfatur~ of +te said alex=r= And for +te tressonable stuffing w=t= men~ & wittale / of +te castell of crechtoun~ and for the tressonable consale & assistence gevin to +te p~sonis being in the said castel of crechtoun~ in the tressonable halding of the said castell aganis o=r= said lord~ w~ting~ & act~ of p~lme~t eft~ o=r= souu~a~ lord~ grace / to +te said lord crechtoun~ gevin & gra~tit eft~ +te mony & diu~s~ c~mez~ Rebellionis & trespassez~ c~trar~ o=r= souu~a lord & his Realme be him c~myttit and done & +t~ to vnd~ly +te law for +te samy~ Makin Inti~ac~oun to +te said Willia~ that quhe+t~ he comper~ or no=t= / the said day & place w=t= c~tia~c~oun of dais our Souu~a~ lord wald p~cede eft~ +te forme of Justice / And +tis I did befor~ +t~ witnes / & for +te mare witnessing I haue set to my sele / gawa~ of crechtoun~ george of crechtoun~ James of cokburn~ george Sinclar~ And~ archbald~ Johne of stermonth~ & Willia~ Johnnsoun~ s~iand~ w=t= v+t~ diu~s~ And atto=r= apon~ the vij da of # decembre / I past to +te m~kat cors of edinburgh~ & +t~ I su~mond~ be opin proclamac~oun Willia~ lord crechtoun~ becaus~ I couth~ no=t= app~hend~ himself to comp~ p~sonaly in o=r= said souu~a~ lord~ p~lme~t day & place abone w~tin to a~suer~ to his hienes apoun~ all point~ and articl~is abonexp~myt / & +tis I did befor +t~ witnes / Alex=r= thomsoun~ ad~ archbald~ Johne of Carnis William~ Johnsoun~ pat~k wald~stoun~ s~iand~ pet~ of m~ch~ & James +gung public notar~ & for +te mar witnessing to +tis my~ execuc~oun I haue set to my sele THE QUHILK citac~oun of su~mond~ & execuc~oun being Red & lauchfully provit be diu~s~ notable and famous witnes / lauchfull ty~ of day biddin the ordre of process~ of c~tia~c~on of the said sumond~ at lenth~ sene herd~ & vnd~stand~ procedit lauchfully to +tis day / the said William~ lord~ crechtoun~ oftymes callit & no=t= comperit In the name & behalf of o=r= Souu~a~ lord the king Johnne the Ross~ of montgrena~ as aduocat to his hienes / askit & Requirit in his name & autorite and of his spa~le c~mand~ at +te lord~ baron~s & c~miss~is of borowis / +t~ ward~ & sensime~t p~lme~t / gif the said William~ lord crechtoun~ had c~myttit & done tressoun~ to our souu~a~ lord & his Realme in the punct~ and articl~is abone w~tin The quhilk~ lord~ & estat~ being

deligently & Riply avisit awardit faund~ & deliu~it that +te said William~ lord crechtoun~ / had c~m=t=tit & done / oppin & manifest tressoun~ agane our souu~a~ lord & his Realme in all punct~ and articl~is forsaid~ and +t~eft~ It was gevin for dome / be +te movth~ of Johne dempst~ dempst~ of p~lme~t in man~ & forme as eft~ folowis THIS COURT of P~lime~t schewis for law and I gif for dome / that forsamekle / as It is fundin be sensime~t of p~lme~t / that William~ lord crechtoun~ has c~mittit & done / tressoun~ agai~ o=r= souu~a~ lord~ and his Realme / in the tresson~s and c~mez forsaid~ c~tenit in the su~mond~ . for the quhilk~ / he has forfatit to our souu~a~ lord his lif his land~ his gud~ offic~ and al v+t~ his # possession~s quhatsu~eu~ he had of o=r= souu~a~ lord w=t=in the Realme of scotland~ eu~mar~ to Remai~ w=t= o=r= souu~a~ lord his air~ & successo=r=~ as prop~te for his tressoun~ & offence and that I gif for dome / THE QUHILK Day in p~lme~t sittand our Souu~a~ lord the king his thre estat~ beand~ assemblit & gad~it Thomas simsoun~ s~ef of fif pn~t a lr~ of su~mond~ vnd~ the quhit walx & testimoniale of +te grete sele of +te quhilk the tenour folowis [^A PASSAGE IN LATIN OMITTED^]

Execut & Indorsit be +te said s~eff~ deput~ that Is to say Alane dempst~ & paule of kinloch~ as eft~ folowis THE XV day of decembre +te +gere of o=r= lord~ J=m= iiij=c= lxxxiij +ger~ I Alane dempst~ s~eff deput of fif spa~ly constitut in +tis p~t past at +te bidding & c~mand of +t~ o=r= souu~a~ lord~ lr~ez to +te land~ of lochgelly within +te said s~efdome / And becaus~ I couth~ no=t= app~hend Johne of liddale p~sonaly +t~ / vpoun~ +te ground~ & ful+ge of +te samy~ land~ / I su~mond the said Johne of liddale eldest sonn~ to su~tyme s~=r= James of liddale of halk~stoun~ knicht to c~pere p~sonaly in o=r= Souu~a~ lord~ p~lime~t nixt to be haldin At Edinburgh~ on thur~da +te xix da of februar~ nixt tocum w=t= c~tia~c~oun of dais / and +t~to ansuer to our forsaid~ Souu~a~ lord~ in +tis said p~lme~t / for the tressonable art p~t counsale & assistence / gevin to Alex=r= vmquhil duc of Albany in the tressonable sending of s~=r= James of liddale / in ingland~ w=t= tressonable w~t~ mi~me~t~ & Instrucc~ons to +te tressonable confederac~oun w=t= inglis me~ in the said Alex~ris tressonable opinion~ And for +te tressonable c~sale / & assistence gevin to +te said Alex=r= in the # tressonable Ressaui~g & deliu~ing of a p~sewaunt of +te king of ingland~ callit blewmantle / with~ tressonable w~t~ mi~me~t~ & Instrucc~ons And for +te tressonable art p~t consale & assistence gevin to +te said Alex=r= in his tressonable passing in Ingland~ without leif of o=r= souu~a~ lord~ to +te tressonable Inbringing of Inglis~me~ / to +te tressonable distrucc~oun of our souu~a~ lord~ p~soun~ & Realme And als vpoun~ the tressonable stuffing / of +te hous of # halkerstoun~ w=t= me~ vittale & artil+ger~ And for +te tressonable / art p~t c~sale & assistence gevin to +te p~sonis being in the said hous~ haldand the samy~ tressonably aganis o=r= Souu~a~ lord~ ma~dme~t~ & charg~ vnd~ his p~ue Sele / to +tai~ direct for +te deliu~ing of +te samy~ / with # Inti~ac~oun to +te said Johne that quhe+t~ he compere or no=t= the said day & place / our said souu~a~ lord wald~ p~cede in +te said caus~ eft~ +te forme of law And +tis I did befor +t~ witnes dauid Stanehous Johne Cole+gear Willia~ Cole+gear Ala~ mylesoun~ Willia~ boisuile with v+t~ diu~s~ w=t= my Signet / I PAULE of kinloch~ s~ef deput of fiff apoun~ the ferd~ day of dece~ber +te +ger~ of o=r= lord~ # forsaid~ / becaus~ I couth~ no=t= get +te pn~s of Johnne of liddale eldast sonn~ to s~=r= James of liddale kny=t= / I su~mond +te said~ Johne be opin proclamac~oun at +te m~ket cors of Cowp~ in fiff to comper~ p~sonaly in o=r= souu~a~ lord~ p~lme~t nixt to be haldin at Edinburgh~ on thur~day the xix day of februar w=t= c~tia~c~oun of dais And +t~ to ansuer to o=r= forsaid~ souu~a~ lord apoun~ all point~ & Articlis abonexp~myt And apon~ Ilk ane of thai~

spa~ly eft~ +te forme / of +t~ o=r= sou~a~ lord~ sumond~ w=t= Inti~ac~oun to +te said~ Johnne as effer~ And~ +tis I did befor +t~ witnes / Johne lindissay symon~ greg Alane dempst~ Willia~ cowp~ Johne Rede / Nichol m~ra / & dauid Wricht public notar THE QUHILK citac~oun of su~mo~d~ and execuc~oun being Red~ & lauchfully provit in Jugeme~t be diu~s~ notable and famous witnes / the said Johne of liddale oftymez~ callit and no=t= comp~it lauchfull tyme of day biddin the ordo=r= process of c~tia~c~oun of +te said su~mond~ at lenth~ sene herd & vnd~stand~ p~cedit lauchfully to +tis said day In the name & behalf of o=r= sou~a~ lord~ the king / Johne the Ross~ of montgrena~ as aduocat to his hienes / askit & Requirit in his name / and autorite / and of his spa~le c~mand~ at +te lord~ baron~s and c~missar~ of borowis +t~ ward~ & sensime~t of p~lme~t / gif +te said Johne of liddale had c~myttit & done tresoun~ to o=r= souu~a~ lord & his Realme in the point~ and articlis abone w~tin The quhilk~ lord~ & estat~ beand Diligently & Ripely avisit / awardit fand~ & deliu~it that the said Johnne of liddale had c~mittit & done oppin & ma~ifest tressoun~ agai~ o=r= souu~a~ lord the king & his Realme / in all point~ and articl~is forsaid~ And +t~eft~ It was gevin for dome / be +te mouth~ of Johne Dempst~ / dempst~ of p~lime~t in man~ & forme as eft~ folowis THIS COURT of p~lime~t schewis for law and I gif for dome / that forsamekle / as It is fundin be sensime~t of p~lme~t that Johne of liddale eldest sonn~ to s~=r= James of liddale vmquhilk of halk~stoun~ knicht / had c~mittit & done tresoun~ agane o=r= souu~a~ lord & his Realme in the tressonis & c~mys forsaid~ . c~tenit in the su~mond~ for the quhilk he has forfaltit to our Souu~a~ lord his lif his land~ his gud~ offic~ and all v+t~ possession~s quhatsu~eu~ he had of our Souu~a~ lord within +te Realme of scotland~ / eu~mar to Remane w=t= our said souu~a~ lord his air~ & successo=r=~ as prop~te for his # tressoun~ & offence / And +t=t= I gif for dome / THE QUHILK day in p~lme~t sittand~ our Souu~a~ lord the king his thre estat~ being assemblit & gad~it Oliu~ of laud~ of +tat Ilk s~ef deput to ane Noble lord~ patric lord halis s~ef of Berwic pn~t a lr~ of su~mond~ vnd~ the quhite walx and testimoniale of +te grete sele / of +te quhilk +te tenno=r= folowis [^A PASSAGE IN LATIN OMITTED^]

Execut & Indorsit be +te said s~ef deput as eft~ folowis / THE TUENTI day of decembre / +te +ger~ of god J=m= iiij=c= lxxxiij +ger~ I Oliu~ of laud~ of # +t=t= ilk s~ef deput to ane Noble lord patric lord halis s~ef of berwic at +te c~mand~ of o=r= souu~a~ lord~ lr~ez of su~mond~ direct to me as deput forsaid~ past to the land~ of Smaleha~ & chennis of +te samy~ p~teni~g to dauid purves / & becaus~ I couth~ nocht app~hend~ the said dauid~ p~sonaly / I past to +te m~ket croce of laud~ +te samy~ day / & at +te said land~ & m~ket croce / be opin p~clamac~oun as be aperance / It micht cu~ to +te knaulage of +te said dauid~ / I su~mond~ lauchfully and p~emptourly +te said dauid to compere p~sonaly befor o=r= Souu~ane lord in his nixt p~lme~t to be haldin at Edinburgh~ in the tolbuth~ of +te samy~ on thur~da the xix day of +te moneth~ of februar nixt tocu~ w=t= c~ti~ac~oun of dais to ansuer to o=r= souu~a~ lord in his said p~lment for his tressonable art p~t consale & assistence gevin & schawin to Alex=r= vmquhile duc of Albany in his tressonable stuffing and fortifiying / of +te castell of dunbar / and for +te tressonable gevin of +te said castell to our Souu~ane lord~ Inymyis of ingland~ And for his tressonable passing & gangin in Ingland~ with the said Alex=r= In his tressonable opinioun~ to +te tressonable Inbringin of inglisme~ to +te tressonable distrucc~oun of o=r= souu~a~ lord~ p~soun~ & Realme / & +t~upoun~ to vnd~ly his lawis w=t= al point~ and articl~is c~tenit in +te su~mond~ forsaid~ And I made Inti~ac~oun to +te said dauid~ that quhe+t~ he comperit or no=t= / our~ Souu~a~ lord wald~ p~cede in the forsaid~ thing~ insafer as he my=t= of Justice / And +tis I did befor +t~ witnes / Thomas tait Alex=r= Jardin george bowo Johne crak george of laud~ s~=r= Willia~ bowe / chaipla~ . & s~=r= James thin notar~ # public And for +te mar~ witnessing to +tis my Record~ execuc~oun & Indorsing I haue affixt to my sele / at day & place forsaid~ . [^A PASSAGE IN LATIN OMITTED^]

THE QUHILK Citac~oun of su~mond~ & execuc~oun being Red & lauchfully p~vit in Jugeme~t / be diu~s~ Notable and famous witnes / The said dauid~ oftymes callit & no=t= comp~it / lauchfull ty~ of day biddin / The ordo=r= p~cess~ of c~tia~c~oun of +te said su~mond~ at lenth sene herd~ & vnd~stand~ p~cedit lauchfully to +tis said day / In the name & behalf of o=r= Souu~a~ lord~ Johne +te Ros of montgrena~ as aduocat to his hienes / askit & Requirit in his name & autorite / & of his spa~le c~mand~ at +te lord~ baron~s & c~missar~ of borowis / +t~ ward~ & sensime~t of p~lme~t / gif the said dauid~ had c~myttit & done tresoun~ to o=r= sou~a~ lord & his Realme / in the point~ and articlis abone w~tin The quhilk~ lord~ & estat~ beand~ diligently & Ripely avisit awardit fand~ & deliu~it / that the said dauid~ had c~mittit & done / opin & manifest tresoun~ agai~ o=r= Souu~a~ lord~ & his Realme / in all point~ and articlis forsaid~ And +t~eft~ It was gevi~ for dome / be +te movth~ of Johne dempst~ dempst~ of p~lme~t in man~ & forme as eft~ folowis THIS COURT of p~lme~t schewis for law & I gif for dome / that forsamekle / as It is fundin be sensime~t

of p~lme~t that dauid purves had c~myttit & done tresoun~ agai~ o=r= Souu~a~ lord & his Realme in the tresonis & c~mys forsaid c~tenit in the su~mond~ for the quhilk he has forfatit to o=r= sou~a~ lord his lif his land~ his gud~ offic~ & al v+t~ his possessionis quhatsu~eu~ he had of o=r= Sou~a~ lord within the Realme of scotland eu~mare to Remai~ with o=r= Souu~ane lord his air~ & successo=r=~ as prop~te / for his tressoun~ and offence / And that I gif for dome / [^CHARTERS AND DOCUMENTS RELATING TO THE BURGH OF PEEBLES, WITH EXTRACTS FROM THE RECORDS OF THE BURGH, 1165-1710. ED. W. CHAMBERS. SCOTTISH BURGH RECORDS SOCIETY. EDINBURGH 1872. SAMPLE 1: PP. 112.29-122.30 SAMPLE 2: PP. 161.26-173.27 SAMPLE 3: PP. 190.4-197.17^]

[}9 NOVEMBER 1456.}] It is to ramember, the Tysday the ix day of the monath # Nowember the yeir of God m cccc l and vj yer, that Masster Wilyam of # Lauadyr com

befor the balyeis in the Tolboth and askyt a qwest to be serwit # qwath anwallis the lard of Cauerhil had within yowr burgh of Peblis # has he that was lachful atornay for the thre women that is hys arris; and # than the balyeis chessit the qwest, and than the qwest ryply awisit # serwit al that he askyt; and than the balyeys and the qwest yhed fwrth and gayf # hym sessyng has he that was lachful atornay for the arris: In the # fryst, of thre rud land that John Gybson haldys, than Wil Mouat beand # balye gayf grwnd sessyng with a penne of half a stan wax of that land; # alssua the sayd balye gayf grwnd sessyng with a penne of a sartan of land # that Sym Loch hald for half a stan of wax; and than the sayd balye gayf # grwnd sessyng with a penne of four sellyn anwal of Mechal Forest land # liand on the South Rau nex awest half Sym Loch land; and than the balye # gayf grund sessyng with a penne of xx=ti= penneys of annual [\of\] # Dic Smyth land; and than the sayd balye gayf grund sessyng with a penne # of four sellyn of anwal of his awyn land; alsswa the said balye gayf # sessyng with a penne of a pond of connryng of Wil Bully land awest half the # Cors and on the North Rau som tym was callet the Lwkyn Bothys. Thir # beand witnes, the hal qwest with mony other, Rob Lillay, Wil Peblys, # Thom Dikyson, Thom Loch, Wil Balcaske, Thom Jamson, Thom Dawson. [}15 NOVEMBER 1456.}] The curt of the burgch of Peblis haldyng the Mononday,.... Item, that ilk day was mayd burges Thom Fyldar, and sal pay # for his fredome x s. at thwa termis, that is to say Beltain the ta half # and Bartylmes the tothir half; plegis Gorg Wilyamson for scottyng lottyng # wakyng and wardyn, and for his borrou mall paing the said Gorg drauys his # land in plegis qwil he get an. Item, that ilk day was mayd burges Rob Bruys be the sem # condyssion; Sym Conno plegis for scottyng and lottyng wakyn and wardyn and # his borou mal drauis his land in borch qwyl he hayf an of hys awn. Item, that ilk day was mayd burges Eby Scot and sal pay for # hir fredome x s. at the samyng dayis and hir land scho drauis plegis. Item, that ilk day the sayd Eby Scot mayd in plan curt ar # tyl maister Alisandrir Crassant wecar Ennarlethan. Witnes the hal curt.

Item, that ilk day was mayd burges John Lyllay yongar and # Rob Cady hys mayth; and of the burges sylueris at the balyeis wil ilk an # of tham x s.; plegis John Lillay and Thom Dekyson; and the sayd Rob Cady # drauys hys land borch for tham bath scottyng lottyng waking and wardyng # and for the borou mallis payin. [}26 NOVEMBER 1456.}] It is to ramember, the Fryday the xx=ti= day and vj of the # monath Nowember the yer of God m cccc l and vj yer, that Wil Mouat balye in # that tym has geyfyng sessyng with erd and stan to Dic Gybsoun of hys land # liand in the Cors Gat and on the North Rau bethwen the land of Jame Thomsoun # on the est part on the ta part and the land of Wil of the Ost on # the west part on the tothir part; and than incontenent the sayd Dic Gybsoun and # Jonet hys wyf an has bath and bath has an has ressyngit with erd and stan the # for both in the sayd balye hand, and that for both sall hald als wyd don on # of that land has is the gayl of Jame Thomson land liand next auest half it; # and than incontinent the sayd balye gayf sessyng with erd and stan to # Paton Temppyl and tyl hys arris of that forsayd both with all condissioun # mayd bethwen the sayd Paton and Dyc Gybson, safand ilk manis rycht. Thir # beand witnes: Wil Mouat balye in that tym, Sir Thomas Hardkeys notar, John # Lillay, Wyl Peblys, John Clark, Gorg Wilyamson, Sym Conno, Rob Percle, # John Naper seriand in that tym, John Donald bourou clark in that # tym, with mony outhir. [}29 NOVEMBER 1456.}] The curt of the burgh of Peblys haldyng the Mononday,.... Item, that ilk day aperit in curt Rob Percle to folou a # borch that he fand on Wil Geddes, the sayd Wil arestit com borch for hym # self, than the said Wil callit thrys and perit noch, than John Naper seriand # provit his tachment, than Rob of Percle askyt hou thai suld depart has # that day; the parti ramofit, the curt awisit, John Wilson dempstar wardit # Wil Geddes in a defaut for faut of perans of hym self to the chalang of # Rob Percle; than the balye chardit John Naper seriand tak witnes with hym # and ga to Wil Geddes and tak a dysstres and latit hym to borch and warn # hym til enter til the next curt has the secwnt curt to the chalang of # Rob Percle; and this the fryst curt.

[}8 DECEMBER 1456.}] It is to ramember, the Wednys the viij day of the monath # Dissember the yer of God m cccc l and vj, Andro Melnar has tan the meln of # Peblis has he had it befor fra this day qwyl Qwyssonday com a twelmonath; and # the sayd balyeis and al the commounis has strekyn hym don v nobelis # becaus he layd don viij pond be for hand in thar mestour; and gyf it # falyeis of the sayd Andro that he de in the mene tym, has God forbid he do, # hys arris sal jos tyl the sem termmis. Witnes the hayl comownyte. [}13 DECEMBER 1456.}] The curt of the burgh Peblys haldyng the Mononday,.... Item, that ilk day the balye John Dekyson enteris Sym Bron # to be his man in plan curt to be lel and treu to the fredom qwyl he and # his master can acord. That ilk day comperit [\in\] curt Adam Cruksank to folou a # borch that he fand on John Hau for the qwylk John Hau com borch for hym self # tyl entter to the next curt, the sayd John callit thrys and noch entterit, # than the seriand John Naper provit his thachment than Thom Dekyson spekar for # Adam Cruksank askyt hou thai suld depart has that day; the parti # ramofit, the curt awysit, Pat Kellou dempstar wardit John Hau in amersament; # than the balye Wil Mouat chardit John Naper seriand tak witnes with # hym and ga to John Hau and a dysstres and latit hym to borch and warn # hym tyl enter to the next curt has the secwnd; and this the fryst curt. Item, that ilk day comperit in curt Dic Wilson to folou a # borch that he fand of Jok Acchen for the qwylk the sayd John com borch for # hym self til enter at the next curt, the sayd John callit thrys, than # the seriand John Naper provit hys thachment, than Dic Wilson askyt hou thai suld # depart has that day; the parti ramofit, the [\curt\] awysit, Pat Kello # dempstar wardit Jok Acchen in a defaut for faut of perrans of hym self # to the challang of Dic Wilson; than the balye Wil Mouat chardit John Naper # seriand to ga to Jok Acchen and tak a disstres and latit hym to borch and # warn hym tyl enter hym at the next curt has the secwynd curt; and this # the fryst curt. Item, that ilk day frer John Jamson com to the curt with a # leter a raqwest fra the menyster of Fayl to the balyeis and the comonyte that # thai wald

for fawir of hym ressayf the sayd frer John of his gud berryng # to the plas and to geyf hym a sufiand lewyn and the layf be sponyt on the # plas qwar mast ned is, and than the balyeis and the commonis wel awysit # gert the sayd frer John Jamson swer be his presthed that he swld noch # geyf na bud to na man of the Cors Kyrk gud, bot tyl hym self takand # that may be hys leyfyn essely and the laf to be dissponyt qwar mast ned ys # qweder on the kyrk or on the rellyk, and this is the sayd frer John # oblyst to do in plan curt at the consal of the ton. Item, that ilk day Sir Ion Loch com in curt and planyheit to # the balyeis that he cwt noch get hys Martemes mayl of Sant Mechallis land, # than the balye Wil Mouat chardit Dic Cant and Thom Jamson has thai that # was mayd balye of that land to bryng in the Martymes mayl; and fra # thin furth the said chaplan Sir Ion Loch sal be balye tyl hym self # to gaddir the mallis of that land and the said Sir Ion sal hald vp that land # with awys of the consal of the ton at [\thair\] cedens has he may do by hys # awn leyfyng. Witnes the hayl curt. [}17 JANUARY 1456.}] The hed curt of the burgch of Peblis haldyng the Mononday,.. # .. Item, that ilk day was mayd seriandis John the Wach and John # Henrison. Item, that ilk day was maid burgis Thom Harloubank and sal # pay for his fredom xx=ti= s. and tha xx s. Mechal Forest has tan to for # hym and John Dekyson, Brochton, and Tom Dekyson is borch for scottyng lottyn # wakyn wardyng and borou mallis payn, and Thom Dekyson drauys his land # liand in the North Gat that was Sten Wssar land for the sayd Thom. Item, that ilk day the balyhe Wil Mouat gayf sessyng with # erd and stan to Willi Bothwyl of a land was his faderis liand in the burgh # Peblis and on the North Rau bethwen the land of Sant Mechal on the west part # on the ta part and the land John Blek on the est part on the tother part; # and than incontenent the sayd Willi Bothwil ressyngit with erd and stan # that said land fra hym and hys arris in the said balyhe hand with al # profyt that to that land pertennis, and than the sayd balyhe gayf grund # sessyng with erd and stan and jwnt fefment to Thome Dekyson and to Jonet hys wyf # and to the arris comand of tham and to the langar lewir of tham thwa, # falland of

tham and thar arris comand agan to the sayd Willi of Bothwel # and hys arris. Witnes the hayl curt. [}18 JANUARY 1456.}] It is to ramember, the Tysday the xviij day of the monath # Januar the yer of God m cccc l and vj, that Mechal Forest has ressyngit # with erd and stan a sartan of his land liand on the South Rau anenttis the # cors, that is to say vp fra the hos that Roben Johnson begit to the He Gat, fra # hym and hys arris, liand bethwen the land John Hau on the west part on the # ta part and the land of Gyb Darlyn on the est part on the tother part, in # Wyl Mouat hand than beand balyhe, and than the sayd balyhe gayf grund # sessyng with erd and stan of that sartan land and junt fefment with half the # yard fra the kel don to Sym Conno and Besse hys wif and to the langar # leuar of tham thwa and to thar arris lachful, safand ilk manis rych; the # throgat sal serf tham bath vp throu and don throu. Thir witnes, the balyhe # Wil Mouat, John Lillay, Thom Dekyson, Gorg Wylyamson, John Yong, # John Haw, John Henrison, seriand in that tym. Alsswa the sayd Sym # and hys arris sall pay in the yeir yeyrly to be payit a mark of anwal # to the sayd Mechal and his arris at thwa wswel termys in the yer, that is # to say at Qwyssonday next to com half a mark and at Martemes next after # another half mark, and the sayd Sym is oblyst for hym and his arris # thai sal nother alli sel na wedset that land to na man bot it be to the said # Mechal or his arris. The witnes befor in this samyn writtyn. [}30 JANUARY 1456.}] The curt of the burgch of Peblis haldyng the Mononday, .... Item, that day was mayd burgis John Smyth and Willi Bongus # thai for x s. to pay at the balye wil. Item, that ilk day the balyeis has racwnnis the wast land in # the North Gat for faut of the Kyngis burroumallis and for faut of the # mallis thai war set for. Witnes the hal curt. [}14 FEBRUARY 1456.}] The curt of the burgch of Peblis haldyng the Mononday, ....

Item, that ilk day was mayd burges John Pottar and sal pay # for his fredom xx=ti= s., and x s. of that sal be pait be Bertylmes # next to com and x s. at Qwyssonday next efter comand; Gorg Wilyamson plegis for # scottyng and al othir thyngis. Item, that ilk day Wil Bullou stud vp in the curt and # clamyt Wil Peblys of a sartan som of gold and siluer the qwylk he had # geyfyng hym beyond the se to kyp, and than the said Wil Peblis denyit that # he auch noyther tyl hym gold na siluer. Than Wil Bullou bad hym qwyt # hym. Than the balyeis chardit hym to tak a nechbur on ilk hand # onsuspekit and swer the gret ath; and than the said Wilyam Peblys swer the # gret ath be hys wittyng he auch hym nother gold na siluer, and than the # thwa lel men swer the gret ath that ath was gud and lel be thair # wittyng. Witness the hayl curt. [}28 FEBRUARY 1456.}] The curt of the burgch of Peblis haldyng the Mononday, .... Item, that ilk day Pato Temppyl entteris James Thomson hys # man in plan curt to be lel and treu to the fredoum qwyl he and hys mastter # can concord. Item, that ilk day was mayd burges Willi Patonson and sal # pay for his fredom v and xx s., and x s. to pay within xiiij dayis; plegis # Mechal Forest for al scottyng lottyng and al other borou mallis qwil the said # Wyl get a land of his an. [}28 MARCH 1457.}] It is to ramember, the Tysday the xx=ti= day and viij of # the monath March the yer of God m cccc l and vij yer, that the wyf was Wyl # Mowatis and John hyr son that is ar tyl hys fader Wil Mowat, that the said # Jonet and hir son John Mowat ys acordit of his arscapat, and the said # Jonet than incontinent deliuerit the arscap tyl John hir schon, and than # the said John sald it agan tyl hys moder qwyl scho leyfis that scho nother # sel na aly that arscap qwyl scho lefys bot geyf it stand hir and hym of gret # nessisite, and the sayd Jonot sal geyf hym for the arscap xl s. and a yerris # fyndyng, and geyf it hapnys the sayd Jonot to byg thar land that John sal suple # tharto has he

is essposit; alsswa the sayd Wil Mowat mayd his wyf in his # testment lachful towtor tyl hys ar the qwylk is wretyng in his testment with the # paryst prestis hand; thir beand witnes, John Lillay, laird of # Corscwnnyfeld, Thom Dekyson, John Lyllay yongar, James Gybson, John Stauher # lorimar, John Smyth, John Donald borou clark in that tym, with ma other. [}13 APRIL 1457.}] The curt of the burgch [\of\] Peblys haldyng the Mononday . # .... Item, that ilk day the balyeis has deliueryt the archap that # was Wil Mouatis was delyuerit til his auwys, in the frest a brof # caudron, a pot, thre qwarttis, a spet and lantter, a peudar chader, a dis, and a # daplar and a sassar, a bassyn and a lauar, a qwart and a pent and a chapyn, the burd # and the trast, the perlyn of the hal, alssua a met amri and wessal # ammari, and of thir thyngys and a surd, a grap, a fader bed, a cruk, a chak, # a chyar, a gon and a hud and a bonat scarlat, a sillar belt, a sillar spon, a # gilrdil and a bakbrid, a mortar, a cwch bed hal has it standis, a sadyl and a bridyl, # the irntanis, xiiij pessis tember, a sper, a maskyn tub with the laf that # langis it, alssua the gud wif sal mannor thir thyngys qwil scho lefis. [}26 APRIL 1457.}] The hed curt of the burch of Peblis haldyng the Tysday, .... Item, that ilk day the custwm was set to Thom Dawison and # Dobi Spendluf to xiij mark and a half, ilk an athir borch and Thom Dekyson # borch for tham bath. Item, that ilk day John Gofan has racunnyst with erd and # stan a land the qwylk was John Lauson liand at the est end of the ton for # faut of his anewel that is to say xij s. be the yir. Witnes Allan Smyth # and John Arcones and this the ferst curt. [}18 JULY 1457.}] The curt of the Burgch of Peblys halding the Mononday, ....

Item, that ilk day was mayd burges James Yong and sal pay # for hys fredom x s., v at Mechalmes and v at Kaludelmes, plegis hym # self. [}25 AUGUST 1457.}] It is to ramember, the Thrusday the xx=ti= day and 5 of the # monath August the yeir of God m cccc l and vij, that Marion of Sellar # the wif [\of\] James Loch has ressyngit with a penne xvj sellyn of anwel that # scho had of Wil Bulliis land throu hir husband in John Dekyson hand than # beand balye in that tym, and than the said Marion sour it was with # hir wil and noch thret be husband na other, na scho swld noch clam thar to # in tym to com; and than the balye chardit John the Wach seriand to geyf # sessyng with a penne to Sym Loch and his arris of that xvj s of anwel, # safand ilk manis rych, the sayd Sym na his arris sal noch jos na anwel qwl # Wil Bulli termmis lesstis. Thir witnes, .... [}28 AUGUST 1457.}] It is to ramember, the Sonday the xx day and viij of the # monath August the yer [\of\] God m cccc l and vij yer, that Thom # Dekyson has set half a qwartar of the Kyngis land to Jonet the wyf was of Wil # Thomson for the tremys iiij yer for xx s. of mayl yerly to be pait, and the # said Thom Dekson arris or assyngnay sal warrand the sayd Jonot in hir tak # hir arris or assyngnay qwyl the termmis of four yeir lesstys, hyr enttra # beand at Qwyssonday bi pasit; thir beand witnes, .... [}15TH SEPTEMBER 1457.}] It is to ramember, the Thrusday the xv day of September the # yeir of God m cccc l and vij, that Allan Smyth has drauyng hys land and # al his gud to be achet to the balyeis and the comonite of the ton to do # the profit with it of the ton, that is to say the commoun ordenans that he sal # hald hym within his an safand that he sal tak watter ilk day vt; witnes # and borch is Dic Smyth and Thom Yong be the samyng condission, that is to # say thar land and thar gudis. Alssua, that ilk day, John Smayl has mayd the samen # condission that he sal kyp the samyng ordenans befor wretyng and be the samyng # cwndission.

Thom Dekyson and Gorg Wilyamson is borch be the sammyng # condission, and the said John Smayl sal haif his thwa ky milkyt at his # hedyard, and that he sal fech hym watter at his hedyard. Alssua, that ilk dai John Wssar has mayd the samyn # condission to kyp ordenans befor wryttyng, and has fendyng his land and his gud # to borch, and John the Wach and Andro Folcart has fendyng thar land rych # swa be the samyng condission. Alswa, that ilk dai John Sellar be the samyng condission has # drayng his land and his gud and he brek the ordynans befor mayd, borc for # hym John Smyth his mayth be the samyn condission. [}3d OCTOBER 1457.}] The hed curt of the burgch of Peblys haldyn the Mononday, .. # .. Thir was chossyng to qwest: - in the frest, Thom Loch elder, # John Gibson, John Clark, John Qwych, Andro Melnar, Gorg Dawison, Rob # Jamson, John Wilson, John Wodhal, Thom Fosstar, Rob Fosstar, Mecal # Harwi, Thom Necolson, Thom Jamson, Andro Robenson. That ilk day was chossyng balyheis: - John Dekyson and Wil # Bully Prissar fles: - Rob Morray, John Ancornes, John Stanhus, Rob # Forstar. Tastar al: - John Leth, Wil Patonson, Casse Weyr, Jame Yong; # and for Casse, John Naper. Item, that ilk day was maid burges Willi Mader and sal pay # for his fredom x s.; plegis John Mador for scottyng and al other thyngis. Item, that ilk day the balyheis and the hal comonyte has # grantit thwa mark that langit Sant Jamys autar to Sir Jon Heltson to swpple # our Lady seruys, and the said Ser Jon sal mak serwis for the sal that # left tha thwa mark to be don at that autar; Witnes the hal curt. [}17 OCTOBER 1457.}] The curt of the burgch of Peblis haldyn the Mononday, .... Thir ar the gud men of the qwest: - [^A LIST OF NAMES OMITTED^]

Item, that ilk day the qwest with the consent of the curt # has grantit til Sir Adam Fosstar his serwis has he had it befor til his term of # Qwissonday; and fra Qwissonday fwrth the sayd Sir Adam sal haf the Common # Strwder for x yer til es the Rud serwis with, and the sayd Sir Adam sal # mak dalye serwis at the Rud ater in the hie kyrk of Peblis fra Qwissonday # forth, his entra beand now as the hal curt assent. Item, that ilk day the qwest fand John Bechat the son of Wil # Bechat lachful ar til his em Wat Bechat of the land and anwal rentis # liand within the burgh of Peblis, and than incontinent qwen the curt was don # the balyeis yhed and gayf sessyng to the said John of a land liand in the # said burgch and on the North Rau bethwen the land of the Wach on the vest # part on the ta part and the land of Wil Bulli on the est part on the # tother part, and than Jon Dekyson balye gert John Henrison seriand geyf # sessyng with erd and stan to the said John of that land, .... Item, that ilk dai Thom Dekyson eldar has ressyngit his land # liand on the west sid Peblis Watter and the South Rau bethwen the land # was Sir Jon Blaicis on the west part on the ta part and the land of # John Blaklok on the est part on the tother part in Wil Bulli hand than beand # balye in that tym; this ressyng the said Thom Dekyson mayd with this # condission geyf that John Thomson com with the som that he gaif hym for # that land that he wald pruf was his an leil won gud and to pay the cost # geyf ony be mayd on it the land sal be his an, for this the said Thom said # it was his condission, and than the balye gert John the Wach seriand geyf # grund sessyng with erd and stan to Reche Dekyson the son of the said # Thom Dekyson and tyl Reche arris, and the said Reche Dekyson jossand that tenement sal geyf his brother Adam Dekyson v nobyllis; # thir beand witnes, ....

[}30 APRIL 1470.}] The quhylk day, has tan the custum for a yer Gylbart # Wylyamson, and sal pay for the sayd custum xviij markis and viij s. Borch and # detturis for the sayd som paying, and oblyst be thair handis tham self and thair # gudis, George Dawysoun for the tan half and Sanderis Lokart for the # tother half, at days and termys has hus and wont was of payment makyn.

[}14 MAY 1470.}] Item, that ilk day was gewyn the fredom to Besse Wodman be # the request of frer John Blenk master of the Croyskyrk. Item, that ilk day was mad burges John Lawsoun, and sal pay # for hys fredom x s. to the bryg wark of Twed; for scotyn lottyn wakyn # and wardyn and the kyngis ferm paying, his awin land. [}19 MAY 1470.}] It is to remember, the Setterday the xix day of the moneth # of May the yer of God m=o= cccc=o= sexti and x=o= yeris, us, balyais in # the tym Thomas Dekysoun and Wilyam Dekysoun, and the nychtburis of the burchg of # Peblis, with consent and assent of the sayd nychtburis, we haf set and to ferm # lattyn, and be this our present wryt in our common buk settis and to ferm # lattis, tyl our luffit burgessis Wilyam Smayl and John Morchowsoun, all and # hall our landis with the pertinentis of Dallethow fra the gat don, for all the # termys of nynten yeris nest and togydder folowand the dat of this present # wryt, for viij s. and iiij d. of mal of vsual mone of Scotland to our # common prophet and tyl our common purss, for to be payit at twa vsual termys # of the yer be evyn portionis, that is to say iiij s. and ij d. at # Wytsonday in summyr and iiij s. and ij d. at Mertymes in wynttyr, and sa furth # terme be terme in yer and yeris quhyll the sayd xix yeris be out ron and gan; and # the sayd Wilyam and John sal pay and gyf in hand of thair forsayd termys # of xix yeris fyf yeris mallis beforhand to the town, and quhen tha fyf # yeris be fullely and contynualy by passyt than the saydis Wilyam and # John sal enter and pay be evyn portyonis of termys has is befor nemyt on to # thair termys be fulfyllit of the forsayd xix yeris .... [}27 MAY 1470.}] The quhylk day, be the balyais and the nychtburis, was mad # burges Sym Patonson, and sal mak for his fredom the dyk of the Wenlaw fra # the tentour ryk doun to the est nowk. [}5 JUNE 1470.}] Item, on the fyft day of the moneth of Junii the yer abown # wrytin, was

mad burgessis Wylyam of Stanus and John of Kenpon yonger, and # sal mak for thair fredom the dyk of the Wenlaw abon the gat fra the # nowk aboun Dawletho to the yet. Item, the day abone wrytin, was mad burges Wyl Carvour that # has spousyt Thomas Madour dochter, and sal pay for his fredom x s. and v s. # payit in treis to the yettis of the Wenlaw and in his warkmanschep other # v s. awand; plegis George Dawysoun and his land. [}19 MAY 1470.}] Us, balyais in the tym, Thomas Dekyson and Wilyam Dekyson, # with consent and assent of the nychburis, we haf set and to ferm # lattyn, and be this our present wryt in our common buk settis and to ferm # lattis, to our luffit burgessis Wilyam Smayl, Sanderis Lokart, Thomas Haw, Thomas # Jamson and Adam of Newby the Common Strowder fra the gat done, for all # the termys of xix yeris nest and to gydder folowand the dat of this # present wryt, for xxx s. of mal of vsual mone of Scotland to our common # prophet and tyll our common purs; .... and the sayd Wilyam Sanderis, # Thomas, Thomas, and Adam sal pay and gyf in hand of formal of thir # forsayd termys of xix yeris fyf yeris mal befor hand to the town to the bryg wark # of Twed ..... [}23 JULY 1470.}] The quhilk day, John Clatter com in court and askyt for the # luf of God at the balyais lawborowis of Mechel of Forest and his party, # and than the balyais askyt at the sayd John gyf he doutyt his skath, and # than the sayd John suor apon a buk the gret ayth that he doutyt his skath, # and than the balyais chargyt John of Wodhaw seriand to tak lawborous of the # sayd Mechel and his party, and than the said Mechel com law borch # for hym self and al that he mycht let, but fraud or gyl, his hand and his # gudis, that the sayd John Skatter suld be skathlas of hym and thai that he # mycht let, vnder payn of law. Wytnes: George of Elphynstoun, George # Dawysoun, and all the curt. [}15 OCTOBER 1470.}] Item, that day the quest ordanyt and statut that na swyn # suld be haldyn

out band na fund in na manys skath, vnder payn of slachter # quareuir thai may be ourtan. Item, rych sua of ges. [}AFTER MICHAELMAS 1470.}] The last chossyng dowssan efter Mechelmes the yer lx=o= # x=o= : [^A LIST OF NAMES OMITTED^] [}26 DECEMBER 1470.}] It is to remember, on Sant Stevynisday in Yole, the xxvj day # of the moneth of December the yer of our Lord m=o= cccc=o= lx=o= and # x=o= yeris, a discret man Sir Rychart Purdy, vicar of Pedynan and dene of the # cristianite of Peblis, has resingnet and gaf stat and reale possession, with # buk and chalys, at the altere of Sant Lowrans in the parysch kyrk of Peblis, # tyll hys cusyng Sir Wilyam Smayl chapellan, of all and syndry anvell rentis # with the pertinentis pertenand to the chapellanry of the forsayd altere feft and # fundyt be the forsayd Sir Rychert, for all the termys of the lyfe of # the forsayd Sir Wilyam, the letter sele of ful and playn and fre gyft of the # sayd Sir Rychert thairapon thair beand schawin, befor thir wytnes: Thomas # Dekysoun, Wylyam Dekyson, balyais in the tym, John Madour of Langtown, John # Dekysoun of the Smethfeld, Richart Dekysoun parisch clerk, George Dawysoun, # Wilyam Smayl, Sanderis Lokart, Thom Haw, Mechel of Forest, Law Cady, # Richart Cant and Robert Smayl, with other diuers and mony of the # parischynaris of Peblis thair beand. [}14 JANUARY 1470.}] Item, that ilk day the gud men of the quest statut and # ordanyt that quhatsumeuir thai war that barganyt and facht, in gret skath # aperand and strowbelans of the town, quhat partis thai be, thai sal be had # to the tolbuth, but ony requestis of ony men, and thar to raman quhil it be # knawyn quhilk party is in the faut, and quha that is fundyn in the faut sal # pay, but ony

fawyr, to the caussay beyond Peblis Water, x s.; and that sal # be gewyn and payt or thai com out of the tolbuth gyf thai be of power, but # ony plegis; and gyf thai be nocht in power that is fundyn in the faut of # the bargan to pay the sayd x s. thai sal sit in the stokkis viij dayis, and # syn furthwith for to be banyst the town for yer and day: And this ac for to be # kepyt but ony requestis. [}26 FEBRUARY 1470.}] Item, that ilk day was mad burges Cudbart Glassyng, and hys # fredom gewyn quhyt, (\pro Deo\) , tyll his wyf with all consent of the # hal court. Item, that ilk day in the court befor wrytyn, the Monunday # the xxvj day of the moneth of Fabruarii the yer of God m=o= cccc=o= sexti # and x yeris, George of Elphynston forspekar for Thomas Yong mad request to the # balyais and the nychtburis that thai wald gyf to the sayd Thomas Yong and # his ayris a housted of xviij fut of lenth and xv of bred at the est sid of # Twed bryge at the Hydderland skarch, he and his ayris gewand yerly vj lad of # stannys to the brig as anvel rent; and than incontinent ilke man be his # awin wos consentyt and grantyt thairto, bath balyais and nychburis, and furthwith # quhen the court skallit and the balyais rass Wilyam Dekyson balya # passyt to the sayd Thomas Yong thair common seriand and gaf to hym and tyl # his ayris heritabil stat and sessyng of the sayd land with al fredomes # for euirmar, the sayd land payand yerly vj laid of stanys. Thir wytnes: George # of Elphynstoun, .... [}20 MAY 1471.}] Item, that ilk day, as tane the custum, at the balyais and # the nychburis, John of Rowcastell, for tene pondis of vsual moneth of Scotland # to pay at twa termys, that is to say at Mertymes and Wytsonday and at al # other termys gyf the town nedis; plegis hym self his hand and his gudis. And # attour the balyais and the nychburis as statut and ordanyt in playn court # at the sayd John of Rowcastel, and all other that takis the custum to cum, # sall outred and pay all termys befor the takyn of the sayd custum or it be # set other tyl hym or ony other agayn; and gyf it fayllis at days and # termys of payment makyn for the sayd custum, quhatsumeuir thai be, thai sall be # put in

the tolbuth and thar to reman quhill the latter peny be outred # and payt, but ony fawur, and neuir to set thaim the custum agayn. The forsayd x lib. of custum payt be the sayd John of # Rowcastel to master Wylyam of Twede, in fulfyllyng of payment of the stand # westment of the He Kyrk, be the balyais chargis and the nychburis. [}30 SEPTEMBER 1471.}] Item, that ilk day was mad al tastaris: [^A LIST OF NAMES # OMITTED^] Item, that ilk day was mad flesch pryssaris: [^A LIST OF # NAMES OMITTED^] The quhilk day is chossyng the doussan be the lection of # court: [^A LIST OF NAMES OMITTED^] The delyuerans and statutis of the quest: Item, the sayd quest fand quhet at x s. and thairby, and the # pass to be gewyn thairby. Item, malt at ix and viij s. and thairby, and the all to be # sald for x d. the galon the best, and viij d., and better chep, gyf it be # pryssyt be the all tastaris. And quhat scho that keppis nocht prys and brekis it # efter prys and pryssyng sal pay viij s. Item, quhet, malt and mell that cummes to the markat on the # Setterday to be sald, bot it sal byd xij houris; and at na furlottis na # other met wechel gang quhill the samyn hour, vnder the payn of viij s. Item, it is statut that thar sal nother fysch, flesch, # butter, chess, frout, salt, na yyt nane other gudis that cummes in the merkat to be # sald, bot it sal be present to the cors, thair to be sald; and that na man # tak apon hand to hous sic lyk gudis in pregytis and skathyng of the burgh, # vnder payn of

viij s. And that na man nor woman tak apon hand nother in the # burchg, na yyt cumand to the burchg thair forsayd gudis to by, to # ragrat agayn quhil the town be seruit, vnder the payn of viij s. and the gud # chet; and gyf ony sic gudis cummes vnder nycht to be sald it sal be # present on the morn to the merkat cors hal vnvemyt quhill the nychtburis of # the town haf coft at thai wyll, and at nother man nor woman by innowth hous # na oututhous na yyt at the cors to ragrat agayn quhill the nychburis be # plessyt, vnder the payn of viij s. and that at sa is coft to be chet. Item, that na mydyngis ly apon the gat langer than viij # days, vnder payn of viij s. Item, that na swyn be fundyn on the gat bot houssyt and # bandyt and kepyt fra thair nychburis skayth, vnder the payn of viij s. Item, that ilk man kep nychburhed in yardyn, princepaly # forfrunt and hedyard, vnder payn viij s. Item, it is statut that quhat women at flytis, fechtis, # skanderis ony gud menys wyffis dochterris within the burch, thai sal be led to # the four yetis of the town with the seriandis, hyngand on thar schowder ij stanys # in a irne chenya or in a wedy. [}20 OCTOBER 1471.}] It is to remember that apon the Monunday, the xx day of the # moneth of October the yer of God m=o= cccc=o= lx=o= and xj yeris, the # quhilk day in the tolbuth efter thar cont makyn of the town, the balyais and the # nychburis has chossyng twa kyrk masteris, and sa furth at the hed court quhen # the balyais is chossyn twa kyrk masteris to be chossyn. [}20 APRIL 1472.}] The quhilk day, was mad burges John Necoll, and hys fredom # gewyn to John Morchowson abbot of vnrest in that tym; and for scotyn and # lottyn wakyn and wardyng and for the kyngis ferm, plegis the said John # Morchowsonis land. [}1 JUNE 1472.}] The court of the burchg of Peblis, haldyn be the balyais. # ....

The quhilk day, has tan the Wenlaw to kep, at the balyais # and the court, Gylbert Wylyam, James Davyson, John of Wodhaw and Thomas of # Loch, and thai sal haf to thair fee xx s. of the common purs and v s. # of the nest mad burges eftir thair entra, and thai sal haf of ilk nychtburis # and induellaris that occupyis the sayd hill i d.; and thai sal kep the sayd # hill quhill Mechelmes nest to cum fra all bestis and gudis bot hors and # calwys and vphald the dykyng of the sayd hill to the sayd tym, sawuand # hedromys of croftis, fra the Wedynisday at evyn efter this wryt, and euir # ilke man or woman at has part of the sayd dykyng sal mak it suficiand be # the sayd nych, and quhar it is otherwys thar sal be tan of thaim vj d. # to mend it, and at na husche na entre be nocht to the sayd hyll bot at # yetis; and quhatsumeuir thai that may be ourtane apon thaim that brekis # the sayd dykyng thai sall be tan, but ony request, and put in the stokis # xxiiij howris and mynd the skath agayn, and gyf thai be thrys takyn tharwith # thai sal be banyst the town yer and day and gewyn has rabellowris to the # kyngis justis; and thir four personis sal kep and huphald the sayd # dikyng of the sayd hyll vnder the tensal of thair fee. [}15, 17, 18 JUNE 1472.}] The quhilk day, in court, the nychburis gaf thair lection # and decretyt to kep Kadmowr to kow and kapyll, and the sayd hyll to be somyt, # and principaly the ester hill fra Russelsqham est and fra the march # dyk est with Cadmowr wod to kow and kapyl, and the wester hill to chep; and # at na gudis sal gang apon the sayd Kadmowris bot burges gudis and # wedos gudis that ar induellaris; and on the nest Wedynisday euir ilke man # to gang about the sayd Kadmowr to se thair marchys and to provyd for # the gouernans of the sayd hillis. And apon the sayd Wedynisday, cumand fra # the sayd hill, the nychburis chessyt xxiiij personis to mak # gouernans and statutis and to som the sayd hill, the sayd personis be the # mast part apon the morn present in the tolbuth befor the balyais, and thar # thai ordanyt and decretit and somyt the sayd hil, ilke burges and ilk wedo # that induellis sal haf four somes, and that nane sal occupy na put ma somes # than four, and quhatsumeuir thai be at has ma somes tak at his nychtbur # that as nan to occupy with, and quha that kepes nocht this sal pay v # s.; and at na som sall be set bot to fremen and induellaris, vnder the samyn # payn; and

at ilk som sal be xij d. as for this yer to Beltan; item, of # ilk som to be tan j d. to gyf to the personis at is chossyn to kep the sayd # hillis fra all gudis bot burges and wedos gudis and at nan other vnfremenis gudis # gang apon the sayd [\hillis\] . Item, thai ordanit that kow and kapyll # and all other nolt of burges or wedos sal gang as is forsayd in Russalsqham abon # Kadmowr wod and fra the march dik est with al the laf of the ester hyl; and # at na schep gang bot on the wester hyll, vnder the pan of v s., bot mylk # schep, with fawir, to be mylkyt for a quhill. And attour incontinent for to # provyd for the fulfyllyng, and thir statutis to be gouernyt and kepyt as # is forsayd, was chossyn the sayd personis: [^A LIST OF NAMES OMITTED^] [}17 AUGUST 1472.}] The quhilk day, the balyais John Dekyson, and Wylyam Smayl, # with thaim a certan of nychtburis, has mad burges John Godisbarn, and he # has payt for his fredome in the price of a kyst, x s. [}5 OCTOBER 1472.}] The hed court efter Mechellmes haldyn be the balyais that # day chossyn, Thomas Dekyson and John Madour, on the Monunday, ... Flesch pryssaris: [^A LIST OF NAMES OMITTED^] Al tastaris: [^A LIST OF NAMES OMITTED^] [}14 JULY 1473.}] The quhilk day, the balyeis and the nychtburis in the # tolbuth as mad burges Alexander of Horsbruk of that ilk, and sall pay for hys # fredom x s.; plegis hymself and for al other chargis. [}5 NOVEMBER 1473.}] The quhilk day, in the tolbuth at the cont, the balyeis, # John Dekyson and Wilyam Dekyson, and the awditouris of nychtburis thair present, # has constitut and ordanit that thair sall na stallanch siluer in # tym to cum be inlowit in na manis burges siluer that sal be maid fra thin # furth, and that ilke burges that is maid in tym to cum sall pay his burges # siluer within viij days or ellis he sall nocht be maid.

[}15 NOVEMBER 1473.}] The quhilk day, was maid burges Wyll Patonson, and his # fredom gewyn fre for the mariag of his wyf. [}29 JANUARY 1473.}] The quhilk day, maister Gylbert Reryk arsdane of Glaschu, # with ane inlok keye, has resingnet delyuerit and gewyn possession of the loft # with the pertinentis of the west hous within the place of the landis of # the osspytall lyand in the west end of the burchg of Peblis on the Northt Raw # to Schyr Wilyam of Fyllop, fre but ony anvell or male paying for all the # days of hys lyff, with fre wsche and entre; and gyf the sayd Schyr Wylyam # wyll byge a hous in the west syde of the landis of the said osspytall he # sall haf guid wesse thairto, and quhat hous that he byggis he sall joys and occupy # it quhill he lewys, and eftir hys desses cumand to the prophet of the sayde # osspytall. And than attour furthwith incontinent the sayd Schyr Wilyam of # Fyllop passyt to his lande lyand and beande within the landis of the # saide osspytall, and thair apon that lande the [\said\] Sir Wylyam # tak vp erde and stan and semply and purly gafe vp and resingnet fra hym and his # ayris the sayd land with the pertinentis for euirmare in Wylyam Dekysonis # hand balye in that tym, and than incontinent the said balye lade # that erd and stan in the handis in the forsaid master Gylbert Reryk arsdane # of Glaschu procuratoure to Sant Lenarde, and in the nam of pur folk for # the suple and help of thaim in the sayd osspytall, herrietable stat # possession and sessyng of the sayd land with the pertinentis, with all fredomes # commoditeis and esiementis to the sayd land pertenand, the sayd land payand # yerly at twa termys tyll our Lady seruis of the Chapell ij s. of anvell, # ande to the sayd Sir Wylyam of Fyllop hys ayris or tyll hys assigneis v s. of anvel # be yer, at twa vsual termys to pay of the forsaid land. Befor thir wytnes, # master Wylyam of Twede dene of the cristianite of Peblis, Sir Donkon of Durem # prest of Glaschu, John Mador, Sir Wilyam Smayl, Sir John of Loch, Sir # Lowrans Jonson sculmaster, Thom of Stanus, Cudbert Mulykyn, and Thom # Yong clerk, with mony other in the tym. [}12 FEBRUARY 1473.}] The quhilk day, Wylyam of Peblis burges of that ilk, with # erde and stan, has gevyn vpe and semply and purely resingnet fra hym and hys # ayris for

euirmar hys forland, vnder and abon, with half wau on the # southt side, lyand on the Conzhe nest the Northgat, and betwix the lafe of # the said Wilyamis land on the southt sid of the ta parte and the Norgat # of the north sid on the tother parte, for his saul, his wyffis saull, his # barnis and princepally for all the saullis at the sayd Wylyam has had ony # gudis wrangwysly of ony mannis, be bying or sellyng or ony # enterchangyng, and for all cristyn saullis, in John Dekysonis hand balye in that # tym of the sayd burchg; and than incontinent the sayd balye layd that erd # and stan in the handis of maister Gylbert Reryk, procuratour constitut # and made for Sant Lenardis Osspytall lyande in the west end of the burchg of # Peblis, and in the nam of pur folkis for thair suple and help that is ordanyt # to be in the said osspytall and in na nother place, herrietable stat # possession and sessyng of the forsayd land, with all fredomes commoditeis and # esiementis to the said forland pertenand for euirmar. Befor thir witness: .... # The sayd land payand yerly tyl our Lady seruis of the Chapell xx d., at # twa vsual termys in the yer, of anvell. [}18 APRIL 1474.}] The quhilk day, in court, the nychtburis has ordanyt made # and decretyt that thair Commone of Cadmour sall be kepyt to kow and kapyll # and nolt, and all schep to be put away of the sayd common fra viij days # furth eftir Beltane, vnder the payn [\BLANK\] bath of burchg and land # borderaris and other, and at the balyeis ger this be kepyt. [}18 JULY 1474.}] The quhilk day, John Scot, Alyson his wyf, coniuncly and # seueraly, with a penny, has resingnet fra thaim and thair ayris for euirmar # xij d. of anvell be yer to the Haly Crois of hys land lyand in the Brygat on the # North Raw betwix the landis of John Morchowsonis on the west sid of the # ta parte and the land of Meryon Fressallis on the est sid of the tother # parte, in John Dekysonis hand balye in that tym, and than incontinent the # sayde balye layd that penny in the hand of frer Alexander Burgan assingnay to # the Haly Crois and kepar to that haly place in that tym, and gaf to hym in # name of the Haly Crois and to that haly place herrietabill stat possession # and sessyng of the sayd xij d. of anvel be yer of the said land for euirmar, # for the grace of

Almychty God and the Hayly Crois that the sayd John Scottis # houss was kepyt fra byrnyng with felon fyr fra the tym furth that the # haly crois was schawyng; thir beand wytnes, John Haw, ... [}3 OCTOBER 1474.}] The hed court efter Mechelmes, of the burchg of Peblis, # haldyn be the balyeis chossyn that day, Thomas Dekyson and John Madour, apon # the Monunday, .... The quhilk day, was made flesch pryssaris; [^A LIST OF NAMES # OMITTED^] The quhilk day was mad all taystaris; Will Patonson and for # hym Adam Wilson, John Patonson and for hym Thomas Smyth, Gilbert Sculp # and for hym John Wodhaw, and Pat Patonson. The quhilk day was chossyng the dousan: [^A LIST OF NAMES # OMITTED^] The quhilk day, comperyt in court George Elphynston, # forspekar for Sir Williame Gybson, and askyt at the balyeis and the court to # ger Thomas Yong clerk wryt in the common buk the lection and the # gyft that thai had gewyn in court of befor to the sayd Sir Williame of # the Rud seruis, and than the balyeis charge the said clerk to ac it as efter # folowis: It is to remember that the nychtburis, with hall consent and lection, # has grantyt and gewyn the Rud seruis in Sant Andros kyrk to the sayd Sir # William for all the dayis of hys lyfe, he dowande ande makand sic dew # seruis bath at awlter and in quere als fer as it is or may be in tym to cum of # waill the prophet of the said seruis. [}8 MAY 1475.}] The quhilk day, comperyt in court Schyr Lowrans Johnson, # sculmaster in that tym of the sayde burchg, and mekly besocht the balyeis and # the nychtburis that thai walde wochsawf to grant and gyf to hym a seruis in # Haly

Kyrk that wakis ande fallis in thair gewyn accepande the # chapell, for the quhilkis he to be beisse of techyn kenyng of the chylder in hys # scoule quhen tym is; and than furthwith the nychtburis serste about as # grantyt constitut ordanyt and gewyn thair consent and hall lection to the sayd # Sir Lowrans, chepellan, to haf the fyrst seruis that wakis and fallis in # thair gewyn and scoule, he beand beisse of techyn and kenyng apon the childer # in his scoul lat and ayr quhen tym is; and attour quhat tym it hapynis the # sayde Sir Lowrans, chapellan, to be present and put in the sayd seruis of # chapellanry he sall mak prescentation and kep the quheyr in Sant Androis # Kyrk with hys surples haly days and solempdays bath at mes and evynsang for # the sayd seruis and scoul joysyng for techyn and kenyng of childer; and # to thir appoyntmentis and condecionis to kep and fulfyl, God wyland, # the said Sir Lawrans chapellan sall fulfyll and kep. Wytnes the hall court. Item, that ilk day comperyt in court Sir Thomas of Stanus, # chapellan, ande mekly besocht the balyeis and the nychtburis, sene thai hade # grantyt the gyft of the fyrst seruis of chapellanry to Sir Lowrans Johnston # chapellan, that thai wald wochsawfe the nest seruis thairefter folowande # to grant and gyf to hym that wakis and fallis in thair gewyn, for his gud # seruis makand and to mak in tym to com in thair quheyr of Sant Andros kyrk, # consederande he is a nychtburis son and a sangster; and than furthwith # incontinent the nychtburis was all serste about in court and euir ilke man # grantyt ande gafe thair consent ande hall lection to the sayd Sir Thomas of # Stanus, chapellan, to haf the seruis that nest fallis efter the gyft of the sayd # Sir Lowrans that wakis and fallis in thair gewyn in haly kyrk; ande the sayd Sir # Thomas makande and doande siclik dew seruis as the sayd chepellanry of # seruis ansueris to do, and in the quheyr with his surples at mes and # evynsang to kep as efferis for the sayd seruis of chapellanry. Wynes the # hall court.

[}5 JUNE 1482.}] The qwhylk day, Jhon Dickeson and Wylyam Dickeson, balyeis # in the burgh of Peblis in that tym, with Thomas of Loch and Pat # Henrison seriandis, with the consall and hayll communite of the said burgh in the # tolbuth gadderit, as granttit and geffyn, for thaim and thar successouris, the # seruice of the Rud alter in Sant Androis Kyrk of the said burgh in the Rud # loft, with hayll and fre alection of the hayll cowrt withowttyn ony obstakyll or # demand, ilkaman be hys awn woce and nocht ane ganstandand, to Sir Laurence # Jhonson, sculmaster, for all the dayis of hys lyf. And the said consall # and communite as granttyt and geffyn to the said Sir Laurence,ilk man be his # awn voce, the sculmasterschip of the grammar scull with all # profyttis of the said scull for all the dayis of his lyf. And that ilk day the said # balyeis passit to the said kyrk, and at the said Rud alter the said Jhon Dickyson # gaf to the said Sir Laurence Jhonson reall actuall and corporall # possession, by deliuerans of buk, chalis, and westment and wther anormenttis of the said # allter, with all profittis, annuell renttis, landis and possessionis that # langis to the said seruice and alterage; and the said Sir Laurence sall mak dew # seruice in the quer as efferis and kep his alter qwhen he is dissposit. # And thir thingis beforsaid, batht gift and possession, was granttyt geffyn frely # as is befor wirtyn, day yeir and place befor wirtyn, and befor thir witnes: [^A # LIST OF NAMES OMITTED^] , with wthir diuers.

[}8 JULY 1482.}] The qwhylk day, we Jhon Dickeson and Wylyam Dickeson, # balyeis in the burgh of Peblis in the tym, with the consent and assent of the # consall and communite of the said burgh, we haf set to fewferm to Sir # Gylbert Jamson chaplan and to Jhon Jamson his brother our Walk Myln standand # on the south sid of the said burcgh at the est end of Twed Grene, for # all the termis and dayis of thair lyffis, and to the langar leffar of tham # twa, for thre markis of annuall yeirly to be payit to the seruice of Sant Jhonis # alter in the paroche kyrk of Sant Andro at twa termis in the yeir, that is to say, # Witsonday and Mertynmes be ewyn portionis as efferis; the qwhylk set of our # forsaid Walk Myln, with profittis that langis thairto, we forsaid balyeis # consall and communite and our successouris to the forsaid Sir Gylbert Jamson and Jhon Jamson his brother sall warand mantein and defend. ..... And # gif it happynnis that the sayd myln be owr set with fludis or spattis # that the dam brek owt, or to be owr cassyn with sand, than the balyeis and # the communite sall help the said Sir Gylbert and Jhon and caus the # nychtbouris to help thaim to cast or to mend the dam agan qwhen it neidis. And # this was don day yeir and place abon wirtyn, befor thir witnes, the said # balye. .... [}13 OCTOBER 1482.}] The qwhylk day, Patrik Dickeson and Gylbert Wilyamson, # balyeis in the burgh of Peblis that tym, in the tolbuth of the said burgh # with the consall and hayll communite at thar court gaderit, with a hayll # alection and be award of the said court, as set the common kylle in fewferme # to Jhon Rychartson burges of the said burgh; and qwhen the court was # don the said balyeis passit to the said kylle on the north sid Peblis # Water, with certan nychtbouris, and thar Gylbert Wylyamson balye forsaid, # be the deliuerans of erd and stan, gaf to the said Jhon Rychartson and # tyll his ayris herytable stat sesing and possession of the said kylle # with all profittis tharof. The said Jhon Rychartson, and his ayris sall pay yeirly # of annuall for the said kylle thre schilling of vsuall mone to the # tresurar and to the common purs of the said burgh: and the said Jhon Rychartson and # his successouris sall wphald the said kylle sufficiand in wall # rybbis and in ruf, and mak dew seruice and sufficiand to serwe the nychtbouris of # the said

burgh in the drying of thar cornes, kepand euir ilkman his # rowme as efferis sic lyk vs and wont as was keppit at the said kylle of befor, # that is to say the drystar sall haf for ilk kyllfull tyll his seruice vj d. # and his dynar with thy he mad gud seruice; and alswa the said Jhon for hym and his successouris was oblist to keip euere man his rowm at the said # kylle as efferis and to defraud na personis in his defaut, but all # nychtbouris and indwellaris of the said burgh to be obseruit and keipit ilk man # in his rowm. Befor thir witnes Patrik Dickeson, ...... [}16 MAY 1484.}] One the xvij day of Maij, the yher of God j=m= iiij=c= # lxxxiiij, be Patrik Dikkisone ande Gilbert Uilyamsone balyais of Peblis, with sufficiant # nowmer of nychtbouris to the vaill of xxxvj or may, within the toyboyth # gaderit, was maid burges Thomas Bychat of the Chapelhill, na man thair # present contrar hyme; and for his burges siluer he sall mak a but at the north # end of the tone at the Lang Aker, and als gud as the gud toune makis the # tother but; and suorne to the toune as efferis. Broch for his dewtis his # hand and his land. Befor thir witness, ... [}16 JANUARY 1485.}] The xvj day of the moneth of Januar the yeir of God j=m= # iiij=c= lxxxv yeris, befor Johne Dikeson and Johne Mador balyais of the burgh # of Peblis that tym, within the tolboyth of that ilk one the hed # curt day in iugment sittand, nixt efter Youill, with an sufficiand nowmer # of the best and the worthiest of the said burgh, comperit Robart Mylnar and # mekly besocht the saidis balyeis and communite tyll set tyll hym thar # twa corne myllis for thre yeris to cum and he suld pay yerly to thaim # thairfor fyfty merkis, and thairvpone he askit award of the curt, the said # Robart ramowit, the curt awisit and wardit, the said Robart agan callit, thair # opinly euere man be his awn vox nan constrenyait bot frely consentit and # grantit the forsaidis twa corne millis with the pertinens to the said # Robart Millar, payand thairfor yerly as vs is fifty merkis of gud and vsuall # mone of Scotland of the saidis thre yeris, swa that William Alan wald gyf vp his # takis and assedation the qwhilkis he haffis of the forsaidis twa # corne millis and swa that he war plesit and assithit of all actions and # quarellis twichand

hym the said William anentis the saidis millis; and one this # wis the saidis balyais and communite haf set the twa saidis corne # myllis to the said Robart Myllar as is abone expremit. Witnes the hayll cvrt. [}3 APRIL 1486.}] The thrid day of Aprill the yher of j=m= iiij=c= lxxxvj # yeris, in the heid curt efter Pas was maid burges, with the haill consent and assent of # the communite, Thomas of Rekoson, and William Bellis land plegis for hym; and # his deuitis to the guid toune, his burgis siluer, Mertyn of Baucaskey and the # said William Bell sall haf, and tak ane another burgis at thay ples till haf # maid, and thairfor thai sall big a gud sufficiand but at the north end of # the ton one the Venlaw syde betuix this and Trinite Sonday nixt to cum. # Witnes the haill court. [}8 MAY 1488.}] Thir ar the burgens maid be the balyais and the communite of # Peblis in the tym, within the Tolboith, in the curt, etc.: Item, John the Vaich for ane hundreth laidis of stanys to be # laid at the brig end of Twed. Item, Adam Smeith for twa treis gevin to the brig at the # tolboith ende, and sal pay v s. at the wil of the toun; plege for his dewiteis # his awne land. Item, John Cant and Symon Forstar for ilk ane of tham # iiij=xx= of ladis of stannys to the byggin of the Newark at the est end of Peblis. Item, Wilyam of Twedy for ane chawder of lym to the stepil # byggin. Item, Adam Fyldar for viij s. worth of yrne wark to the said # stepil. Item, Dauid Lowgh for fyf schillingis worth of wark to the # said stepil byggin. [}3 OCTOBER 1491.}] Item, that ilk day was maid burgen William of Twedy for ane # chawder of lym to the stepil byggin. [}10 MAY 1492.}] In the tolboith of Peblis, befor Mertin of Balcasky and # Patrik Dikeson, balyais of Peblis in that tym, with consent of the communite # was maide burgen Patrik Govane for ane hundreth laidis of stannis pait to # the stepil byggin.

[}12 NOVEMBER 1492.}] In the tolboith befor Patrik Dikesoun and William Patersoun, # balyais of Peblis in the curt sittand, with consent of the communite, was # maid burges Robert Millar yonger, and sal pay thairfor to the byggin of the # stepil at the Chapel gayl a chawder of lym. The said day, Sir Thomas Gibson has gevin his compt of all # sowmes of mone takyn be hym to the stepil bygin, the quhilk day restis # awin to the said Sir Thomas of the kirk guddis viij li. and sex s. Thomas Yong and Symon Louwgh grantit tham to be fowely pait # be the town for fourty futtis of the stepil byggin and for all other # fre wark pertening thairto ony way. William Madour, the said day, grantit hym fowely pait be the # town for all stanys winning and ledding of termes bygane to the said # stepil, and als he grantit hym to haif rasaiffit fra Doutho Doby half a mark for # saide leding. Item, pait to Thomas Boyl be Sir Thomas Gibson for the wark # pertening to the stepil xxv s. [}19 FEBRUARY 1492.}] In the tolboith of Peblis befor Patrik Dikesoun, balyie in # that tym, was maid burges Mergret of Lyntoun for a mark of siluer pait to # Symoun Lowgh, masoun, for the makyn of the benkis of the tolboith. [}16 APRIL 1493.}] Befor Patrik Dikeson and William Paterson, balyais of Peblis # in that tym, in the tolboith in the curt in iugment sittand, was maid # burges John of Nesbet, and his burges siluer gevyn to Thomas Boyle for his # drink siluer to the Newark at the est end of Peblis. [}7 APRIL 1494.}] In the tolboith of Peblis in the heid curt, befor Robert # Dikeson and William Bel, balyais of Peblis in that tym, with consent of the # communite, was maid burgen John Drawar for ten s. pait to Patrik Lawson # for the thekyn of the stepil at the west end of Peblis.

[}6 OCTOBER 1494.}] In to the heid curt in the tolboith of Peblis, befor Mertin # of Balcasky and Patrik Dikesoun, with consent of the communite, was maid # burgen Thomas Groseyr for x s. gevyn to the apperyling of the rud in # the He Kirk. [}14 NOVEMBER 1494.}] The quhilk day, restis awing to Gilbert Williamsoun of lent # siluer to the town, fyf pundis fyf schillingis and a penny. Item, the said day Gilbert Williamson was maid pursmaster # for a yer to tak rasaif and to mak soir compt and raknyn of all commoun # guddis pertening to the town. The quhilk day, all prestis feis annuellis and dewiteis # awing be the town of termes bygane at all completly pait and alowit to prestis # and to Patrik Elphinston; and the first of the saidis common guddis at the # said Gilbert sal rasaif and tak vp sal be the ten li. of the Candelmes terme # nixt to cum of the twa corne millis. Item, the said day restis awing to Thomas Boyle sevynten # shillingis of the twelf pundis that war presentit to hym to complet all the # treyn wark pertening to the stepil inwith and outwith as efferis. Item, the burromalis ar assignit to Sir Thomas of Crawfurde # for his clerk fe and to Sir Patrik of Stanhows for his fe for the keping of # the knok. The volt of the Newark nixt Sir Thomas of Crawfurdis landis # set to Wilyame Fyldar til Witsonday nixt tocum for sevyn schillingis. # Item, the vmast loft of the said Newark is set to Georg Dauidson til # Witsonday for sex schillingis and aucht penys to pay at Witsonday nixt to # cum. Item, the loft and the south volt of the Newark ar set to Archibald # Parkley til Witsonday nixt for ten schillingis of mayl. [}17 NOVEMBER 1494.}] Patrik Dikeson and Martin of Balcasky, balyais of Peblis, # with the consent of the communite, has conducit Thomas Boyle completly to werk # and mak all the treyn and irne wark at is vnmaid within the stepyl of # the Chapell gauil of Peblis, that is to say durris, wyndos, plantearis, # loftis, clausuris, all lokkis, snekis, and al the irne wark and treyn wark nedful and # behufful pertening to the said stipil, at the town sal charge hym to # mak, and al of his awne expens, and he sal mak the ruf of the turngreys # completly al to the

thekyn, and the saidis balyais and communite sal pay to the # said Thomas tharfor sex pundis of mone, and the said Thomas sal compleyt # all the said wark betuix this day and the fest of the purification of our # Lady nixt to cum, and of the saidis sex li. sal raman vnpait to the said Thomas # fourty schillingis one to the tym at all the said wark be completit in all thingis # as said is. [}16 MAY 1495.}] Befor Patrik Dikesoun and Mertin of Balcasky, balyais of # Peblis that tym, in the tolboith, with a parte of the nychtburris thar # beand present, wes maid burgen George Farnle for a chawder of lym to the mendyn of # Peblis brig. [}25 MAY 1495.}] Befor Mertin of Balcasky and Patrik Dikeson, balyais of the # burgh of Peblis in that tym, in to the tolboith in the curt in to # jugement sittand, with consent of the communite of Peblis thar being present, was maid # burgen of the said burgh of Peblis Dauid Lawry, and his burgen siluer gevyn # to Dauid Tait of the Pyrne; and thairfor the said Dauide promittit to # help the town to the ledyn of ane tre and bringing of the sammyn with his # oxvne to the tovne gyf he be chargit thairwith. [}28 APRIL 1496.}] In the tolboith of Peblis befor Patrik Dikeson and Mertin of # Balcasky, balyais of Peblis in that tym, with consent of the communite # thar present, was maid burgen Oswald Ackyn for ten schillingis to be pait to # the communite of Peblis at the nixt fest of the inuention of the Haly Crois # callit Bellamtym. Item, the said day was maid burgen Andro Patrikson for ten # schillingis gevyn to the glasyn of the west wyndo of the stepil at the # Chapell gawil; plege for the saidis Androis dewiteis Patrik Patriksonis berne # at the Chapel gawil at the est end of the Castelhil. [}16 JANUARY 1496.}] In to the heid court befor Patrik Dikeson and Andro Gibson, # balyais of Peblis in that tym, in the tolboith of that ilk, with consent # of the communite of the burgh of Peblis thar present, was maid burgen Robert # Mathoson for

ten schillingis pait to Sir Andro Tait to get hym ane surples # to cum into the queir of Sanct Androis Kirk of [\Peblis\] and help to syng # mes and ewinsang. [}2 MARCH 1496.}] Befor Patrik Dikesoun and Andro Gibsoun, balyais .... was # maid burgen George of Mvrra for ten schillingis pait for ole to the # knok. [}15 APRIL 1497.}] In the tolboith of Peblis befor Andro Gibson, ane of the # balyais of Peblis in that tym, with consent of ane parte of the communite # thar present in the tym, was maid burgen William Gray, and for his burgen # siluer ar bundin Robert Dikeson in the Northgait and Mertin Balcasky to # mak ane but within xx=ti= dais nixt to cum. In the heid court, haldin be Patrik Dikeson and Andro Gibson # balyais of Peblis in that tym, with consent of the communite thar # present, was maid burgen Thomas Pont, for ane hundreth laidis of stanis to be # laid at Twed brige betuix this day and Lammes nixt to cum. The said day, was maid burgen Patrik Clerk, talyor, for xij # s. gevin to David Lough for the makyn of the Venlaw dyk. [^EXTRACTS FROM THE COUNCIL REGISTER OF THE BURGH OF ABERDEEN, 1398-1570. VOL. I. SPALDING CLUB, 12. ABERDEEN 1844. SAMPLE 1: PP. 18.20-24.23 SAMPLE 2: PP. 26.1-28.3 SAMPLE 3: PP. 30.24-37.10^]

[}19TH FEBRUARY, 1450.}] The assise hes ordanit that John Traile to fulfill the # condicion made in his obligacion, and yherly to pay xl s. quhill he bryng hame # the blew stane til his fadre, and that to be raiset be the sight and ordinance # of his modre, and of Schir Adam, and Thomas his brother, til syng for his # fadre saule at Sancte Duthawis altar. And, of the three yheris bigane give # it be not paiit, we ordane him to pay it at the sight of the personnes # befor written (\plegio\) , Roberto Gillespy ; (\et dictus Johannes obligauit # terram quam habet de patre suo ad seruandum dictum Robertum indempnem in # presentia curie\) [}15TH APRIL, 1450.}] The quhilk assise hes ordanyt and determinyt that John Gray # sall pay for him and for his falow, Patrik of Fife, to the Erle of # Orkynnay, of his pensioune of the yher that they warr in office, for the freyng # of the toune xi lib. xvi s. x d. And swa remanys of the sammyn pensioune, xi # lib. ix s. x d., the quhilk soume the sammyn assise has ordanit # Williame

Scherar, quhilk was alderman for the tyme, to pay and assith to # the said Lord Orkynnay, in full payment of the said pensioune, vnto the # tyme that the said Williame Scherar mak his acompt. [}2D NOVEMBER, 1450.}] The (\secundi\) dai of Nouembre, the yher forsaid, Duncane # of Clat, dene of gilde, presente in the courte the Eucariste of siluer quhilk # Theman goldsmyth had in making. To the making of the quhilk Eucariste the # forsaid Duncane deliuerit iiij=xx= iij vnce of siluer, and he paiit in # part of the makyng iiij lib. And he has ressauit agayne in werk liiij vnce, the # quhilk he present in the courte. And swa remanys in Themannis handis xxix vnce, # for the quhilk Maister John of Cadiow is becummyn, and becummys # dettour be this writ, writtin with his propre hand. [}13TH SEPTEMBER, 1451.}] (\Nomina Assise.\) Johannes de Marr, Duncanus Clat, Johannes Gray, Johannes # Voket, Johannes Howison, Johannes Scrogis, pater Willelmus Rolland, # Ricardus Kintor, Thomas Kintor, Willelmus Meignes, Andreu Pantar, John # Stephinson, et Johannes Tulydef. The quhilk assise ripely avisit, and the # witnesmen examynit and herd in the cause movit betuex John Ghesinot and # his felowschip maister of a schip of werr of the toune of Deipe, on that a # partie, and Hans Lubic, maistre of a schipe of Trailesond, and his merchandes # and schipmen, almaynes, twcheyng the taking of thair sammyn schyp, on that # othir partie, deliueris in this maner vnderwrittin, that is to say, # because the said mater belangis in a part to our souerane lord the king, and # thai haue mater belangis in a part to our souerane lord the king, and # thai haue herd seildom or neuer sic matteres declarit, the samyn assise # remittis the decision and finale determinacion of the said cause to our # said souerone lord and his counsaile, be thaim to be decidit and endit. And # in the menetyme, thai ordane that the admiral deputis sall # intermet with, and keip the forsaid Duche mennys schip, gudes, and fracht in # souertee, to the avale and profite of thaim to quhom thai sall be jugeit # be our said souerone lord and his counsaile. [}21ST APRILE, 1452.}] The xxi dai of Aprile, the yher of Grace j=m= iiij=c= fiftee # and twa, the maste parte of the hale communitee of this burgh deliuerit and # consentit all with ane assent, that, because of perile apperand, the # toune salbe

stryngthnit and fortifiit with walles and strynthes in all # gudeli haste; and, because this may noght be devisit and done with mony # persounes, the aldermane sall chese certane weel set persounes to passe # with him aboute the toune, and devise quhat maner of strynthning sal be # made, and in quhat places, and how the coste salbe tane and made. And # quhatsumeuer thing the forsaides persounes devises, ordanis, and does, ther sal naman contrar agayne call na agaynstand, vndir pane that # thai sall demaryt as brekaris of commoune ordinance without # remyssioune, and the alderman, in presence of the sammyn communitee, hes # chosin to pass with him thir persounes vndirwrittin, that is to say, the # dene of the gilde Duncane of Clat, John Scrogs the son, Richard Kyntor, John Howison, and Wat Giffard, with otheris werkman, quhilkis # plesis thaim to haue with thaim. [}22D MAY, 1453.}] The samyn day has grauntyt the said alderman and consaile to # Johne Crukshanke, the seruice of the kepyng of the orlage for this # yer, and til hafe til his fee for ye seruice of it xl s., and has sworne # the gret athe to do his diligent besynes to ye keping of it. [}5TH OCTOBER, 1453.}] Item, it was avisit, statute, and ordanit be the said # counsaile, for the vphaldyng and eikyng of Godis seruice to be done in the # paroche kirk of this burgh, that al and sindri chaplanys, the quhilkis has # feft altaris, or that ar feit be worthi men of the toune, sal cum daili and # do divyne service, that is to say, matynys, hiemesse, and evinsang, and # give ony of thaim absentis him fra three of the said howris continualli, # thai salbe excludit and expellit that thai sal noght syng messes within the said # kirk for a yher, bot giue thai haue sufficient excusation, # quhilkis be sene resonable to the alderman and to the correctour of the queir, and the # feft chaplanys that beis absent as said is, sal tyne atour thair # chaplanijs: and the alderman sall dispone thairapon be avise of the commoune # counsaile. [}20TH JULY, 1456.}] [^A PASSAGE IN LATIN OMITTED^]

Memorandum, that at the giffin of the chapilnary of Saynt # Nichallis altar to Sir Henry Hervy, Mayster Duncane Scherar and Androw # Scherar comperit personaly befor the alderman and consale, and declaryt # to thaim that they hade made a promyse and graunt to the saide Maister # Duncane of the erast chapilnary, that vakit at was at thar gift, he # sulde hafe it, and besoucht thiar maister schippis, that sen that chapelnary of # Saynt Nichallis altar was than vakande, that thai wald keip thair promyse and # graunt til hym thairof. And tharefter the alderman and consale # considerande that thai micht nocht gudely forga the seruice of the said Sir Henry fra # the seruice of the queir, avisitly made instans to the said Mayster Duncane, # and Androw, at thai walde at that tym supercede and thole thaim to gif the # said chapilnary to the said Schir Henry, because thai mycht nocht guidly forga # him fra the seruice of the queir; and thai sulde hafe the erast # chapilnary that vakyt at war at thair gyft, gif it lykit the saide Maister # Duncane himself til hafe it, or gif it pleysit the saide Mayster Duncane and # Androw til gif it til ony vthiris of thair frendis that ar gaynnande and # sufficiande thair for.

[}2d December, 1459.}] The samyn dai it was appoynttit and fullely accordit, # betuex the alderman and the commoune consaile of this burgh on that a pairt, and Maister John of Levington, vicar of Inuerugy, on that other # pairt, anes the biggyne of the brigg on the vater of Dee in maner and form # as efter folowis, that is to say, at the said Maister John has tane on # hande to be maister and gouernour of the said work, be the sicht and avise # of the alderman and consail; to the quhilk work the forsaid alderman # and consaile sal gif yherly, for the termes of ten yheris, xx lib of their # commoune purse. [}22D DECEMBER, 1461.}] The xxii day of December, the yher of oure Lorde a thousand # four hundreth sexte and ane, it is ordanit and concludit be the hale # common consale, and be avise, consent, and ordinance of the maste # parte of the comownis of this burgh, Alexander of Chamowr that day beand # forspekar for the comownis and merchandis thar beand present, that ony man, quhat euer he be, of state heyar or lawer, duelland within # this burch, at pais nocht his male, or at withhaldis in his handis # vnpait fra a terme til ane vthir his male or ony vthir siluer, othir of tax # or revenowis, quharthroch it may ryn to hendryng or preiudice to the toune; # at that man, of quhatsumeur degree he be, sal not hafe tax of wateris # nor of land, na yet sal be chosin in tyme to cum to beir ony offices # within this burch, quhill the time at he freith hym selff, and kepe the # toun vnscathit anentis the king and all other men of all dettis and chargis # acht be hym. [}13TH JANUARIE, 1462.}] Be it made kend till all men be their present lettres, ws # alderman, bailheis, consale, and communitie of the burgh of Aberdene, to be oblist # til a noble and michtie lord, Alexander Erle of Huntlie, and Lorde of # Baidenach, in manere and fourme as efter folowis: This is to say, forsamekle # as the forsaid lorde is oblist till ws in mantenance and supplie, to # keipe ws in oure fredomes, and infeftmentis for certaine termes, as in the # foirsaid lordis letteris at lynth made til ws thairapon mar fullely is # contenit, that we sal be lele and trew to the forsaid lorde erle, in counsale gif he # askis ws efter oure wittis and knaulage, and kepe his counsale gif he chargis # ws, and atour quhen it sall pleise the forsaid lorde to cum to oure # saide burgh with few persons or mony, and to remain or pas quhen him likis, # we sal at all oure gudely powere conserue and kepe him and his company # within

oure said burgh, to tak sic part with him in his defens as we # wald do for the defens of oure awyn persons, kepand our allegeans til oure # souerane lorde the king, and the fredomes of oure said burgh. Thir oure # letteres til enduir for al the termes of ten yeres fra the day and date # of ye making of thaim. In witnes of the quhilk thing, oure secrete sele to # thir oure letteris is affixt, at oure burgh of Aberdene forsaid, the # xx=ti= day of Januare, the yere of God j=m= cccc sexte and twa. The xx=ti= day of Januarie, the yere sexte and twa, thir # persons, vndirwrittin, ane assise chosyn be the greate aith till decyde efter thaire knawlage, the actioune betuix ane worthy knycht, Schir Walter # Stewart of Strathoune on that a part, and Dauid Symson on that othir # part, that is to say, Alexander of Chamour, Johne of Mar, Johne of # Scrogs, Johne Wodd, Johne Woket, Andrew Rede of Petfothell, Gilbert the Waus, Johne Matheson, Thom. of Fife, Thom. Guelp, Johne # Litstar, the said persons ordanis at Dauy Simpson sal bryng hame to the # said Schir Walter, knycht, ane dispensatioune be Pasch cum a yere, # next efter folowand the date of this write, and failyeand thereof, the # forsaid Dauy sal content and pay to the forsaid Schir Walter xxv pundis # Scottis, but fraude or gile, efter as in ane obligacioun maid therapon be the said # Dauy to the said Schir Walter mar fullely is contenit. [}12TH JULY, 1463.}] The xii day of the moneth of July, the yer of God lxiij # yeris, it was fundin and opinly knawine be the altherman and the balzeis # syttande in jugement, that Henry of Culan, son and air of umquhile # Alexander of Culan, burges of Aberdon, of lachfull aige, out of tutoury, and # has chosine til his curatis to gowerne him, Androw of Lesly and Thome of # Culan, his cosingis, to gowerne him and his gudis, and at the stok of his # gudis be furthe cummande til his profitis and quha to it may affer, and # to fynd the childe of the brok of his gudis to the vsche of fyue yeris, # the saide v yeris beande runyn, the gudis belangande to the saide Henry to be # deliueryt til him or to thaim that it may affer to of law, befor the # altherman and the bailyeis forsaide be his saide curatis but ony stopping. And thir ar the gudis and sommys that the saide curatis has # ressauyt of the saide Henry of Culanis fra Wat. Moryson: fyrst, a gold # signet, price iij lib.; item, iij siluer spunys, price xv s.; item, of # siluer, v lib., v s. vii d.; item, for a belt, viij s; item, for a sake and a # gowne of blowe

pryce xxxv s.; item, a countir and a schryne, price xx s., for # the quhilkis sommys and gudis the saide curatis and the childe has # dischargit the saide Wat Moryson in presens of the said altherman and # bailzeis, and thair attour the said curatis has fundin Jamys Craike souertie # to the said altherman and bailzeis that the stok of thir fornemmyt gudis # sal be furtht cumande for the profite of the saide Henry, or to quhom to it # may affer of law, the saide fyve yeris beande runnyn, and thairto the saide # Jamys is oblist, be the faith of his body, befor thir witnes, Norman of # Lesly, Duncane Alone, Thome of Culane, Duncane of Straloch, with vthyr sindry. [}14TH JULY, 1463.}] The xiiij day of Julij, the yer lxiii, it is ordanyit be # the altherman and the consaile that Dauy Patrikson, burges of the saide # burgh, for the rebellione done be him to the altherman, fyrst, that he # sall ramayne in the tolbuth on to the morne, at the wil of the altherman and # the consaile; and thar efter, on the Sonday next to cum, the saide # Dauy sall cum bar fute, with his gowne louse, and a candill of a punde of # wax in his hande, to Saint Nicholace kirk in the tyme of the hee # messe, and offir that candill thar to the altar, and aske the altherman # and his consaile forgifnes, for the luf of God, and neuer to do sic thyng again; # and syne thar efter the said Dauy, fra that day furth, sal gyf # oukly for the hale yeir, a pynt of wyne to the kirke for his said rebellione, # and to the fulfilling of this, the saide Dauy is oblist and sworne, be the # fath of his body, in presens of the altherman and his consale.

[}20TH DECEMBER, 1463.}] The said day, anent the debate movit betuix Theman, # goldsmycht, on that a part, and Thomas Reburne, goldsmycht, on that vthir part, of # ane ferthing of ane Inglis Nobill, changit be the saide Theman to the saide # Thomas for the valou of quhite siluer. The quhilk ferthing the said # Theman assayit tharefter to wirk, and fande it nocht sufficyande # golde, and askyt the saide Thomas to pay him his siluer that he gaf him, and to # tak his ferthing agyn. The quhilk the saide Thomas reffoysit to do, # because that the ferthing was brokin be the saide Theman, and nocht in the # ply he gaf it him. Vpon the quhilk debate, with consent of bathe the # parteis forsaide, thair was chosin ane assise of worthi men to decyde # and ende the saide debate: that is to say, John of Fyfe, Robert Blindesele, # Robert Wormet, William Vokate, John Litstar, Thome Quelp, and Adam of Crafuirde, with vthyr man. The forsaide parteis, be the # treuthis of thair bodiis, til vnderly and fulfill oblist thair deliuerance and # sentens of the saide debaitis. The quhilk assise, wele and ryply avysit, has # delyuerit, and for sentens furth giffin, that Theman, goldsmycht, sal # sustene na scathe for the brekine of the saide ferthing, bot deliuer it agayn to # the saide Thomas Ryburne, and he to content Theman of v s. vi d. agayn, # that he gaf him for it, sen it was nocht lachfull nor sufficiande to # pass for payment na werk, and the forsaide Thomas til sok til his warande gif he # hafe ony til vpricht him. [^A LETTER AND AN ENTRY IN LATIN OMITTED^]

[}2D DECEMBER, 1467.}] It is ordanyt be the alderman, bailzeis, and hale consale, # anent the debatis and strublance betuix Willam Vokat and Thomas Quelp, # that the said Thomas sal fyrst syt done on his kne and tak the nakit # knyff that he hurt the said William with in his hande, and opynly knaw that # he has offendit til him, and deliuer him the said knyf, to do with it # that he will. And, in name of xx lib. to be payit at the saide alderman and # consallis will, and to pray the saide Willam, for the luf of God, til hartfully # forgif hym; and thairefter to pray the alderman and the consale that thai # wald pray the saide Willam to forgif hym, and that the saide Thomas sall # be stedable to the saide Willam in all thingis that he has ado, and to do # him alsmekle worschip as he has done him lake at al his power. Alsua, the # saide Thomas sall content and pay to the alderman, quhen he askis it, # xl s., the quhilk sal be giffin to the chaplanis of the haly bludis messe; # and thair attour, because the strublans was done til a brothir of the # gilde, sall content and pay a pip of wyne til amendis quhat tym that the aldermen # and consale chargis hym therwith. And quhilk of thir that forfaltis till # vtheris for this cause in tym to cum, sall content and pay to Saynt Nicholace # werk xx lib. to be raysit at the alderman and consalis ordinans, on forgiffin. # And to the

keping of the forsaide ordinans, the forsaide parteis ar sworn # be the gret ath, in presens of the alderman and the hale consale, but # reuocacione in tym to cum.

[}27TH FEBRUARY, 1471.}] The penult dai of Februar, the yer of God lxxi, because that # the office of belmanschip of this burgh was vacand, the alderman # gerd Johne Sclater pas with the bel throu the towne, to charge the # comunite to cum to the tolbuthe, for the chesing of a belman that war maist habit # and proffitable for the toune. And with the consent of the alderman, balzeis, # consail, and comunite of the toune that war present in the tyme efter the # passing of the bel, Androw Murray, masowne, com in presence of thaim al and # profferit to gif for that office of belmanschip, for his tyme, yerly, to # the common proffite of the toune, fyve markis, and to do all # vthir deuiteis and service to the toune that ony vthir belman did of before; the alderman # in the tyme

inquirand gif ony vthir man wald gif mare, and fand na man that # wald gif samekil. And furthwith, that beand done, the alderman, in the # name of the toune and of the communite, deliuerit til the said Andro the # bel, and chesit him for all the daies of his life common belman, with consent # of the balyeis, consale, and communite, beand present for the tyme, as saidis. # Heratour, the said Andro is oblist to byde and to remayn at Sanct # Nicholace wark, and al vthir common warkis, for his tyme, for siclike fee as # he may half in vthir places. [}8TH JANUARY, 1472.}] The aucht day of ye moneth of Januar, ye yeire of God m=mo= # iiij=mo= sevintie and twa yeris, Androu Scherar, alderman of ye burgh of # Aberden in that tyme, with consent and assent of ye hail common consel, # being thar present in ye tolbuthe, has grauntit and promittit to # Schir Androu, ye son of quhilum Thomas Andreson, burges of Aberden, chaplan # of ye Rude altar, in ye parisch kirk of ye said burgh, that for his # continuacioune of diuine seruice, to be done and made be him in tym to cum, in # Sanct Nicholes kirk, efter as ye tym askis at his gude diligence and # power; that ye said Schir Androu sal hafe yerlie for his fie ten merkis of ye # vsuale money of Scotland, of ye common gudis of ye forsaid burgh, # togiddre with all annualis proffitis and dewiteis pertening to # ye fornemmit rude altar, quhilk soume and pencioun of x merkis yerlie, togiddre with ye # Rude altar, ye forsaid Schir Andro sal hafe and joise for all ye time of # his life, he makand busy and gude service tharfor, as forsaid is. Ye same day, ye alderman and consel has promittit and # gravntit til Schir Henry Hervy, chaplane of Sanct Michalis altar, for his # gude service and continuauioune tharof to be done be him in tyme to cum in # Sanct Nicholes kirk in diuine service, that he sal hafe for al ye # daiis of his life yerlie of ye common purse, and of the common gude of ye # said burgh sex pundis, threttene schillingis, and foure pennys of ye # vsuale payment of Scotland, togidder with all proffitis and dewiteis pertening # til ye forsaid altar of Sanct Michael. [}30TH JANUARY, 1474.}] The same day, because thare was na dene of gilde chosin on # the Friday next efter that the alderman was chosin, and that the # tyme of his

chesing was sa lang byrunnyn, it is ordanit, deliuerit, and # concludit be the haill consel present in the tyme, of the quhilkis the names # efter followis, that thare sal na dene of gilde be chosin for this yere bot the # alderman, quhilk has had the vse of that office, and intrometting of it # hiddertilles, sen he was chosin alderman, and he to mak compt therof at the ische of his aldermanschip as efferis. Thir ar the persons # that war present in the tyme, and consentit thairto, na man gainsayand of thaim, # [^A LIST OF NAMES OMITTED^] . [}3D NOVEMBER, 1474.}] The thrid of Nouembre, the yer lxxiiij, it is appointit, and # fullely accordit betuix Dauid Menzes elder, on the ta part, and Schir # Andro Wricht, maister of the kirk wark of Aberden, on that vther # part, in maner and fourme as efter folowis: that is to say, that the said # Dauid has sawlde to the said Schir Andro, in the name of Sanct Nicholace, thre # futhir of lede, ilke futhir contenand sex score of stanys, to be deliuerit, God # willand, gif wynde and wethir will serve, betuix this and Pasch next to cum # apon the key of Aberden; but ony exceptioune, cauillacioune, fraude, or # gile, for the quhilkis, the said maister of wark sal pay to the said # Dauid, or his deputis or factouris, deliueraris of the said lede, fourty-sex pundis # and ten schillingis of vsuale money of Scotland for the hail thre # futhiris, at the said day of the deliurence of the lede. And gif it sal happyn the # said Dauid to failye in his defaute of the deliuerence of the said lede, at # day and place forsaid, as God forbede, than the said Dauid sal pay daly to the said # maister of wark xij d. efter the principale day of the deliuerence of the # said lede be passit; and in sic likewise gif the said maister of wark # failyeis in payment of the said soume for the saide lede, be the said day of the # deliuerence, or within viij daies therefter at the ferrest, than the said # maister of wark sal pay to the said Dauid, or his deputis, deliueraris of the saide # lede, xii d. daily til his expensis, and nocht to be allowit in the # principale somme. Of the quhilk lede, the said Dauid gravntis # him content, and pait of aucht pundis in part of payment of the said principale somme. And # thir condiciones lely to be kepit, athir of the parties til vther has gefin gude # faith before thir witnes, Alexander of Chavmer, alderman, Alex. Menzes, # Richard

of Kyntor, David Colison, Dauid Symson, Gilbert of Chadmer, # Patrik Badenach, Edmond Lowson, and vtheris mony and diuerse. [}2D MAY, 1475.}] The second day of May, the yer of our Lorde m=o= iiij=c= # lxxv yeris, it was ordanit, endit, and concludit be the alderman, and certane # persons of counsale, of the quhilkis the names efter followis, that the offerand and # all vther offerantis to cum, that fallis vpon the Rude altar, and # the chaplan of the Browne croice altar, quhat evir thai be for the tyme, and # that neyther of the chaplanis of the Rude altar or of the Browne croice sall # haue singulare proffite til ony of thaim, bot that all gudis that ar offerit # in the tyme sal be diuidit evinlie and rychtwisly ymangis thaim. Thir ar # the names of the consel that war present in the tyme: [^A LIST OF NAMES # OMITTED^] Apon the quhilk deliuerence and decrete, Schir Andro, the son # of quhilum Thomas Anderson, chaplan of the Rude altar, tuke in the tyme of # the deliuerence fra Schir Robert Leis, public notar, ane instrument in the # vestry of the parisch kirk of Aberdene, befor the persons forsaid, or # the maist pairt of thaim, and that this decrete and deliuerence soulde # nocht be reuokit nor gaincallit for the tyme of the saidis # chaplanis, viz., of Schir Alex. Club, chaplan of the browne croice altar, and of Schir # Andro, chaplan of the Rude altar, no nor efter thare tyme, bot # perpetually til indure, &c. [^A ROYAL LETTER OMITTED^]

[}17TH SEPTEMBER, 1475.}] Item, Alexander of Chavmer, than alderman, and the consel # has ordanit and assignit, at the request and instans of Schir Henry Hervy, # that his said pensioune of this toun salbe pait til him yerly of ye # Justice Myln, &c. (\Act xxvij die Septembris anno, lxxv.\) [^A ROYAL LETTER OMITTED^]

[}14TH APRIL, 1477}] The same dai, the alderman proponit to the hale consale, and # communite belanging the biging of the qveyr, schawand the thankis and # kyndnis that my lord of Aberden has profferit, for the quhilkis the # alderman, consale and communitee forsaidis hes grantit to the biging of the qveyr al # feis of alderman, balyeis, dene of gilde, abbot, and priour of this burgh, with # the common gude, and al vtheris proffitis that may be gottin for sevyn # yeris to cum, and mare gif it nedis, be the sight of thir personis vnder # writin: that is to say, Andro Scherar, alderman, Alexander of Chavmer, Alexander # Meignes, Johne of Mar, Johns of Knollis, Dauid Colison, Thomas of Fife, # Alexander Rede, and Alexander Howison, quhilkis personis sal haue ful # commissione vnder the commoune seil of the said burgh. [}15TH SEPTEMBER, 1477.}] Item, the same day, it is ordanit and decretit be the # alderman and consale, for the wphalding of diuine seruise, daily to be made in the # qweyr and kirk of Aberden, that Wilyam Yong, ane of the clerkis, sal haue # the quarter of the Galowgate til his fee for this instant, and Richard Boyl # the quarter of the Castelgate, and quhilk of the said quarteris is better than # vther to be made elike to thaim be the sycht of the alderman and consale, # and Adam Strath til haue the Schipraw, with the Grene, and Andro Ettale, # the ferd clerc, sal hafe the Gaistraw, with the Sculehil. [}18TH SEPTEMBER, 1477.}] The same dai thir personis of the consale vnderwritin, and # vthir pairt of the gilde of thes burgh: that is to say, Johne of Marr, Robert # of Culan, [^A LIST OF NAMES OMITTED^]

has consentit and ordanit that Alexander of Chavmyr, alderman, be continevit vpper and principale maister of wark of # the biging of Sanct Nicholace qveyr for twa yeris to cum; and that Schir # Andro Wricht, or ony vther that ressavis ye siluer, procurit, and # pertening to the said wark, sal mak compt thairof to the said Alexander of # Chavmer, and he to be responsale and dettour thairfor to the toune. [}7TH OCTOBER, 1477.}] The vii day of October, yer of God m=o= iiij=c= lxxvii, # Alexander of Chawmer, alderman, with consent and deliuerence of the hail # consale, na man ganestandand, has gevin and grantit to the beging of the # qweyr, ay and quhil it be fullely bigit and complete, that thare sal be # takyn of the wattir of Done fourty and aucht pundis yerly, and of the wattir # of Crvis yerly twelf pundis. Alsua, yerly, of the procuracione of Sanct # Nicolace kirk, twenty pundis, quhil the forsaid qveyr be fullely bigit # and complete as said is. And this is grantit and deliuerit with consent of # the hail comunite. [}10TH OCTOBER 1477.}] Item, that the alderman, and a certaine of the consale with # him, pass through the toune to see the venalis that are closit, and that # thai ger thaim be red and oppinnyt as thai think expedient and spedeful. [}10TH JANUARY, 1479.}] The samyn dai, Schir Walter Yung, chaplan, is oblist, be the # faith of his body, til the alderman and consale before writin, that # alslang as he gettis ten markis of gude payment yerly, and fyve dais met in # the oulk, he sal remain and mak sic service in the kirk as he can or may do # at his gudely power, and alslang as it likis the toune til hald him. And gif # he failyeis in ony service making, he sal be correkit be the sicht of the # alderman, balleis, and counsale of this burgh, &c. [}7TH JUNE, 1479.}] The samyn dai, the aldirman and the consal, at the instance # of our soueran

lordis lettres, my Lord of Aberdenis lettres, and of Maister # Alexander Ingliss, chansler of Aberdenis lettres of request, has grantit # and promittit til Maister Thomas Strathachin, maister of the grammar scules # of Abirdene, that he sal hafe yerly, of the common gude of this toune, fyve # pundis of the vsual payment of Scotland, ay and quhil he be promovit # til a service within the kirk of Sanct Nicholess of Abirdene. And that the # alderman that sal be for the tyme sal ger him be content and payit # therof yerly, the sade maistre makand diligent and gude service for the # informacion and instructioun of the barnyis at this gudely power. Writin the # vii day of June the yer forssaid. [^RATIS RAVING AND OTHER EARLY SCOTS POEMS ON MORALS. WITH AN APPENDIX OF THE OTHER PIECES FROM CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY MS. KK.1.5, NO. 6: THE CRAFT OF DEYNG. ED. R. GIRVAN. SCOTTISH TEXT SOCIETY, THIRD SERIES, 11. EDINBURGH 1939. PP. 166.1-174.278^]

[}1. THE CRAFT OF DEYNG.}] Sen the passage of this vrechit warlde, the quhilk is callit dede, semys harde, perelus ande rycht horrebile to mony men alanerly For the wnknawlage at thai have thare-of, thar-fore this lytill trety, the quhilk is callyt the craft of deyng, is to be notyde & scharply consediryt to thaim that ar put in the fechinge of dede; For to +taim ande to al vthire folk It may awaill rycht mekile till have a gude ende, the quhilk makis al werk perfyte, as the ewill end wndois al gud werk before wrocht./ The fyrst chepture of this trety begynnys of the commendacioun~e of dede; Fore ded as haly wryt sais, is mar preciouxe and worthy, is maist terrebile of al thing that may Thocht, Ande in-samekile as the saull Is mare precious & worthy than~ the body, in-samekile is the ded of It mare perulus and # doutabile to be tholyt. Ande the ded of Synfull man but sufficiant Repentans is euir ill, as the dede of gude men, how soding or terreble at euir It be, is gude & precious before gode. / # For the dede of gude men is nocht ellis bot the pasing of person~is Retwrnynge fra banasynge, offputyng of a full hevy byrdinge, end of all seknes, eschevyng of perellys, the term~e of all # Ill, the brekinge of all bandys, the payment of naturell det, the agan~-cumynge to the kynde lande ande the entering to # perpetuall

Ioy and welfare. And tharfor the day of ded o neide men is bettir than the day of thar byrthe; And sa thai that ar all weill schrewyne and deis in the faithe ande sacramentis of haly kyrk, how wyolently at euir thai dee, thai Suld nocht dreid thare ded. Fore he that valde weill de, suld glaidly dee, and conferm~e his wyll to the wyll of gode; for sen~ vs behwys all de o neid, and we wat no+tir the tyme nor the sted, we suld resaue It glaidly that god and nature has ordanyt, & gruche nocht thar-wyth sen It may nocht be eschewyt; For god at ordanyt ded, ordanyt It fore the best, ande he is mare besy fore our gud than we our self can ore may be, sen we ar his creaturys and handewerkis. and tharfore al men that wald weill de, suld leir to de, the quhilk is nocht ellys bot to have hart and thocht euir to god, and ay be reddy to resaue the ded but ony murmwr, as he that baide the cumyne of his frend; & this is the craft that al kynd of man suld be besye to study in, that is to say, to have his lyf, how velthye or pure that It be, takyne In paciens that gode Sendis. thai that are in the artykle of ded has v+tir temptacion~s be # the deuill and mar merualus than euir +tai had in thare lyfe. Fyrst, the deuil tempis a man in his deing in the faith of haly kyrk, For but faythe may na man be saufe; And It is the grunde of al gud deid. +tar-for +te deuill assais gif he can # gare ony man vare in the treuth, as to put to hym~e that he wald neuir dee For synaris na be born~e of the virgyne mary, & safurth of the new testament; And +tarfore ilk temporall man suld trow as haly wryt sais and namly that his curat techis hyme, ande have his hart fermly Set +taron~e. Ande he that is in the artykle houre of dede suld have a man to rahers~ to hym~e the poyntis of +te treuthe, in syk langage +tat he mycht wndirstand, Rycht oft fore It gret comfort to hyme and the deuil may nocht heire It. alsua +tai suld rahers~ to hym~e the gret faith and paciens of marterys ande vthire haly men, how wychtly +tai sustenyt al tormentis and passionys don~e to thaim for the faith of haly kyrke, and our-come thar ennemys

by paciens and ferme faith, as men may Reid in thar storeis. For he that is ferme in the faithe optenis thar-throw al that # is profytabile to the saull and lyf baith; and It is to wyt, quhat temtacioun~e at euir the deuill putis to man sal nocht noy hyme bot gyf he wylfully consent thar-to, and at he be in his rycht mynd. For in the hour of ded the deuill wyll cast mony wrenkis of falsait the quhilk Suld nocht be trowyt, for he is # our auld ennemye and fa+tir of leisingis. The threuth is fundyt apon~e this, that god wichsaif to tak mankynd to Radem~ the trespas that adam and Eue commytyt in paradice, quhar-throw al mankynde was smitit, & nan~ was worthy of his ofspryng to pay that ranson~e for the oreginall syne at thai ware fylyt # with, for god herys na synaris; and tharfor god throw his mekyll mersy Send his anerly sone to be incarnat, sen nan was worthy +tarto bot he, for he was no synar; and heir-vpon~e is fowndit al the faithe, the quhilk was confermit be sancte Iohn~e the baptyst and mony o+tir prophetis or cryst was born~e mony a hunder +gher. / the to+tir temptacioune that the deuill tempis a man with, Is dispare of godis mekille mersye; for quhen the deuill fyndis a man wexit and torment with seknes, he bryngis to his mynd +te ded that He Is lyk to cum to, and the synis that he has don~e, wnconfessyt of or Rapentyt, and na penans na condigne satisfaccion~e maid for +taim, and puttis hym~e In dyspare of mercy, and thus he ekys sorow vpon~e sorow to confound hyme. And as haly scripture sais, ilke man sal Se in the hour of ded cryst as he was crucefyd on~e the cors, in consolacioune to gud men, and in confusioune and schame to Ill men at thai ar nocht worthy to have thaim to thare bru+tir, rademar & helpare; and this is a perelus temptacion~e. Neuir-the-les~, +tocht a man had don~e als mony syn~is as thare is dropis in the sey, or al the syn~is in the warlde hyme alan~e, and he had neuir be~n schrewyn~e befor till the houre of ded, sa at thare-of he mycht haf # suffissand contriscion~e, he war sauf; fore godis mercy is abwn~e al his werkis, and he may nocht deny mercy treuly askyt. bot It is the sykirest to manis saluacion~e to be schrewyn~e and do

worthy pennans tyll he Is in prosperyte; and +tocht a man mycht nocht have space to ask mercy, tharfor suld he nocht dyspare, fore that ware mar ekyne of sorow to hym~e. and this is an~e generall prouerb, that syne noyis nocht that is sufficiandly for-thocht; and the pocy of the cros~ schawis the mercy of Crist, for he hange +tarone, Inclynand the hed to the heryng, the mouth to +te kysing, the armys to the embraising, the handis to the gevyn~, and al his body to the Rademyng of Synaris; and sua suld na man be dysparyt of godis mercy, For in ensampill thare-of he gaif to the maist synare maist mercy and grace, as to Petyr at denyd hyme, to Paul at persewyt hym~e, to matho the okyrar, to magdalyne the synare, till dauid the murthorsar and adultrare, to +t=e= theif that # hang besyd hym~e one the cros, and to mony vthir that war lange to rahers~. The temptacion~e is in-paciens or vntholmudnes, the quhilk is nocht to luf god abwn~e al thinge, & to thank # hym~e of al his sayndis and gyftis, at ar al fore the best and thai war weill knawing. thai that trawalys in the artykle of ded bot gyf +tai be cumyne to the natural cours of eilde (the # quhilk few cumys to, For ma deis of exces and mysgouernans in youthed than is slane in-to batell), thir men for the strenthe at thai have of complexioun~e, or laith to de, and sa thai thole in # thar seknes meruolus dolur and infirmyte, the quhilk thai tak nocht in paciens for the luf of god, as he dyd for +taim quhen he # sufferyt ded, for he opnyt na mare his mouth na the lam~ dois quhen his throt is wndyr the knyf. and sua mony of thir men gangis rammys~, vthir-sum murmwrys and thinkis that payne vrangwys and gruchis, and swa thai obey nocht with gud hart to the ordynans and rychtwys~ Iugment of god, and +tat Is a takyne at thai luf hym~e nocht na deis nocht in cheryte. and tharfor It is nedfull to al men in the tyme of that dyses~, to think and to knaw that his synis aw to have mar pwnyscion~e than he may tholl, for al the payne that euir we tholl, Is rychtwysnes, and +t=e= gud at we gete is of grace; and thar-for

a verray penytent man thinkis al his seknes lytill in # compareson~e one-to the luf at god schawyt till ws, and to the Redempcion~e of our trespas. Ande Sen the seknes at we have her is gevyne ws in part of our purgatory, it suld be blythly resauit, and als al the tribulacion~ and sorow at we may tholl here Is nocht worthy to be maid compareson~e to the Ioy of hevyne, that in the paciens thar-of we may wyne. For swetnes is +te bettir knawing, at swetnes has ben befor # taistyt. And sua the sek suld say in the payne at he tholys, now byrne, now schere, now thrist, now sla, that before god may alleg the pacyens +tarof fore the luf of hyme and have eternall Ioy +tarfore; For god sendys to +taim that he louis warldly payne +tan sum passis, for hevynly Ioy at euir lestis. And thus a man suld with al his hart conform~e hym~e to haf # paciens, thankand god without murmur of that payne, and sa to wyne hyme-self for euir. the temptacion~e at man tholys in the hour of ded Is pryd; for quhen the deuill seis that he may nocht dysess a man in +te faith of the kirk na disperacion~e of godis mercy, na [\THE WORD na ADDED IN LATER HAND\] be # inpaciens of his seknes, than tempis he hym~e, sayand thus, +tou art nocht as vthir men are, +tow art strenthy in thi face, & in the hop of the mercy of god +tow art wycht and tholmud in-to seknes, and +tow has done mony gud deid, and +tarfore +tow nedys na mercy bot al the thank +tar-of. this presumpcion~e is Rycht perelus and a fell # temptacion~e, and for-thy a man suld think that all his euill dedis cumys of hym~e-Self, and all his gud dedys cumys of grace and the gyft of god (& sykirly, ay +te bettyr man, ay +t=e= mar lawly); and quhen the ymagynacion~e of a manis gud dedis cumis by the temptacion~e of the deuill, he suld brynge to his mynd his Ill dedis, at thai ma law hym~e and bryng hyme to knaw his fragelyte, and to ask mercy and nocht to pryd hyme

In his gud dedis. for to have pryd of his gud dedis is a # temptacion~e callyt presumcion~e, and dreid of the mercy of god Is For Ill dedis Is ane-vthir temptacioune callyt dyspar, and he that can weill eschef thir twa in the hour of ded, ourcumys the deuil for euir. the fyft temptacioune that the deuill tempys a man in, Is in his warldly gudis. he thinkis dyses~ to leif his gret Riches, mowable and wnmouable, his wyf and barnis and sik o+tir plesans; and sykir It is, quha takis hyme sorow or dyses in the levyng of thir cardenall delytis, that he is nocht sykyre in the faith. / For and he de # as he Suld de, he suld think that he Suld pas to mare Ioy na fore to leif sic transytorie warldis gudis, the quhilk are lent hyme bot For a tyme plesand to god to tholl, or as ane # Instrument to vyne hyme-self to hevyne, as ane hamyr is ane instrument to mak a knyf wyth. bot the deuill tempis men sua in thar vardly gudis, that wylfully +tai ga to the deuill fore thaim, and quhen thai wat at thai mone dee, thai wyll nocht glaidly part with +taim na thol the ordynans of god +tarof at thar powar, na +ghit +tar dettis to be payt, bot erar desyre at thar barnis and thar wyvys be possessyt of +taim, quhe+tir +tai be cumyne falsly or Rychtwysly, thinkand thar ryches nocht able to be dysponyt fore +tar saulys, or to mak # Satisfaccioune with thaim gyf +tai ware vrangwysly vonyng, trowand at god has na cur of thi barnis, to grant thaim riches, bot gif at thai dyspon~e al vpon~e thaim. and sic folkis suld erar be callyt bestis vnracon~able than man rasonable: for bestis knawis na-thing bot erde and warldly thingis by the resone of the erde at thai ar maid off; Men suld knaw +t=e= hewyn~e by Reson~e of the saull that come and was maid thar by go amang the angellis. and thus he that vald weill ourcum this temptacion~e, suld thank god of his grace at lent hym~e thir warldly gudis to help hym~e with anerly to his end, thankand hyme thar-of and gyfand thaim to hyme gladly agan~e till his fre disposision~e; for no+tir wyf nore barnis na o+tir riches # ar

lang gevyne. And thus nocht-aganestandand, testament or o+tir disposicion~e at the law lewys, may be maid; bot man aw to part with thir gudis glaidly by the ordynance of god, as is befor said. and thus he that suld de, suld gladly de, thinkand fore the bettir to lef the were, and than the ded, pacyently tholyt, makis satisfaccioune nocht al-anerly of the vaneall synys, bot als, quhen It is desyryt fore +t=e= luf of god and # to be with hyme, for mony dedly synis. bot the deuil tempis ofttymis mony men sa in thar temporall gudis, at quhen thai ar in the hour of ded thai will nocht here spek at thai suld de; the quhilk is our-crewell to cristin men to be tholyt. / And It is to vndirstand at in thir temptacion~s the deuill may # stren+ge na man na +ghit our-cum hyme, bot gyf It be his fre consent and be in his rycht mynde; And tharfor we suld thank god at tholys ws nocht to be tempyt For+tir than we ma aganestand. And we resist his temptacion~s we sal have +tarfor gret reward in hevyne. and swa temptacion~e Is rycht prophetable tyll ws, for pur-borne men cumys nocht to honore slepand bot erar by gret trawell and dyses; and al man is bor~n of the hewyn~e, banist +tarof in pouerte fore his synis, redemyt # thar-to agan~e by the faith and the passion~e of cryst, he vynand the meryt +tarof by gud dedis and trew lawbor, or ellis to remayn~e in that banasing fore euir in hell. eftir the dear be informyt of thir temptacion~s at will be put to hyme, he suld be # demandyt, Fyrst, gyf he be blyth at he deis in the faith of crist and of haly kirk, and syne gyf he grantis at he has nocht leuit rychtwysly as he aucht to do, and gyf he forthinkis his mysdedis, and gif he has wyll to mend thaim at his poware. Syne suld he ask at hym gyf he trowis that crist, godis son~e our lord, deit for hym and al synaris, and gif he thankis hym thar-of with al his hart, And gyf he trowis ony o+tirways than be the faith of hym and ded to be sauf. than byd hyme be stark and sykir in that faith, and have hop of nan vthir thinge for temptacioun~e of the deuill; and gif thi synis be laid befor the by the angell, gud or Ill, say than, # the passion~e of crist I put be-tuex me and my synis, & betuex me and the eternall ded, the ded of crist. And alsua he suld be

examynit in the articllis of the treuth, that is to say, gyf he trowis in the fa+tir and in the sone and the haly gaist, and an~e anerly god, makar of hevyne and erde, and in our lord Ihesu crist, anerly son~e to god by natur, at our lady mary, euir vyrgyne, consauit by +te werkis of the haly gaist but seid of man, the quhilk tholyt ded one the cors~ for ws synaris, and was grawyne and discendyt to hell to radem our elderis at had hop of his cumyne, the quhilk rais~ one the thrid day fra ded to lyf on~e his awn~e mycht, and assendyt to hevyn~e & sytis on~e his fadiris rycht hand, and fra thyne in the samyn~e wys~ as he passyt, is to cum aga~n one domys-day to Iug all man-kynd. Als he Suld trow in the haly gaist, & in the bydingis of haly kirk and the sacramentis +tarof, as baptem, confirmacion~e, the haly sacrament of the altar, in the quhilk wndyr the form~e of bred and wyne is contenyt the haly body of our lord Ihesu crist, the sacrament of penans and schrift, the ordour of presthed & matromo+ge, and of the last anoynting. he Suld trow Alsua in the resurreccion~e of al men, that is to say, in the sam body and saull as now is, sal met to-gyddyr and tholl perpetuall Ioy or payne. he suld nocht anerly trow in thir xii arteclis bot als in the haly wryt, and haf his hart rady to do thar-to as his curat chargis hym~e, and he sal # forsak al heresys~ ande wichcraftis forbyding be haly kyrk. als +te sek man suld ask mercy with al his hart of the synis don~e # agan~e +te lufe, gudnes and mycht of god, and erar for the luf of god than for dreid of ony payne. he suld pray mekil til god to gif hym~e grace till haf knawleg of the synis that he has~ # for+get, to that end that he may the bettir mak amendis +tarof; alsua he suld sykirly think that in cas~ he mend of that seknes, that he sal neuir wylfully syne in thai synis na in an vthir dedly, For in the thocht at the saull passys fra the body, is tan For euir, and thar-eftir ched or rewardyt ay lestandly, as the # angell was in the begynyng. he suld als for-gyf al kynd of man of all accion~e hartfully, and ask forgyvnes of god and man~, For

as he forgewys, he sall be forgewyne. als he suld mak # satisfaccion~e of al he has tan~e wrangwysly or at he aw; efter his poware suld he sell all his gudys, mouabile & wnmouabile, and he may haf laisare thar-to. And quhat-euir he be that treuly kepys this informacion~e but fen+geing, he beis sauit. At-our thire thingis, ilk man in the houre of ded suld do eftir his poware as cryst dyd on~e the cros: fyrst he prayd, and swa suld we; syne criyd eftir help, and sua suld we, with the hart gyf we mycht nocht with the mouth; and syn~e he +gauld his saull to his fa+tir, and sua suld we, gladly gyfand hym~e, # sayand thris gyf he mycht, & gyf he mycht nocht, sum vthir fore hyme, (\In manus tuas, domine, commendo spiritum meum, domine, deus veritatis.\) and he suld resaue thankfully the # pane of ded in satisfaccion~e of all his mysdedis, as god grant ws # al to do for his mekill mercy. Amen. [^THE PROSE WORKS OF SIR GILBERT HAY. VOLUME III. THE BUKE OF THE ORDRE OF KNYCHTHEDE AND THE BUKE OF THE GOUERNAUNCE OF PRINCIS. ED. BY JONATHAN A. GLENN. SCOTTISH TEXT SOCIETY, FOURTH SERIES, 21. EDINBURGH 1993. SAMPLE 1: PP. 13.1-39.23 SAMPLE 2: PP. 73.1-115.98^] [^THE OCCASIONAL EQUAL SIGNS FOUND IN THE MANUSCRIPT AND EDITION ARE RENDERED AS HYPHENS.^]

[N]ow sen the doctour' has declarit jn sum part the poyntis of the ordre with the proprieteis and condiciouns - Now lykis jt him to speke of the office yat folowis the said ordre / that is to say - to quhat purpos' jt was ordanyt /- to quhat fyne / and quhat entencioun /. And how gif knychtis vs' nocht thair' office / thai ar' contrarious' to thair' ordre / and to the begynnyng of thair' awin making /. ffor the quhilk caus' he is nocht veray knycht jn dede /. suppos' he bere the name /- ffor sik knychtis ar' mare villaynis - na is outhir smythe wrycht or masoun - yat dois thair' craft / as thai ar techit / And thar'for' to schaw the poyntis of the ordre - js grete meryt to thame yat wate jt nocht /. the quhilkis he declaris here efter'wart / And first and formast knychthede was ordanyt to manetene and defend halykirk and the faith . for the quhilk god the fader' of hevyn . send his sone jn this warld to tak jn him

oure humanitee fleschly jnumbrit / and jncarnate jn the glorious' virgyne mary his suete moder' be the joyfull message brocht till hir be the angel Gabriel -/ And syne for oure sakis and to synde vs of the origynale syn /- and to geve vs eternale lyf / tuke dede and passioun here with grete dispising vilaynous' /- to geve us ensample and jnformacioun how we suld reule oure lyfing here /- quhilk ordanyt all writtis for # oure teching / and doctrine /. And all his werkis and dedis here / # he did for oure [\90r\] ensample and enformyng to multiply his faith /- And thus / rycht as he has chosin to growe and manetene his fayth / the worthi and wys' clerkis to hald scolis and jlkane to teche othir' be the haly wryttis of prophecies # and of lawis agaynis the jnymyes of the faith /- Rycht sa . the hye glorious' god chesit knychtis tobe his campiouns /. sa yat the vnworthy mystrowaris and rebellouris agaynis his faith / mycht be throu thame chastisit / be force of armes to vencus' and our' cum his jnymyes /. the quhilkis euery day fors' thame at thair' powar' to put doune the fayth of haly kirk And thir knychtis yat thus occupyis thame jn the defens' of his rychtis ar callit his kynchtis of honour' jn this warld / and jn the tothir / yat defendis the haly kirk / and the cristyn faith /. quhilk is oure saule hele and saluacioun / And thar'fore knychtis yat has faith and baptesme jn him . and vsis nocht the vertues and propreteis of the faith / ar' contrarious' till otheris yat # kepis the faith evyn as a man yat god has gevyn till - resoun - and discrecion / And he dois evyn the contrary / Thus he yat has faith . and kepis jt nocht /- js contrarious' till him self # ffor he wald be sauf / and gais nocht the hye gate till his saluacioune fforquhy / his will discordis with his witt / and ledis jt the # way of mystreuth yat is agayne his saluacioun /- and ledis him to the way of eternale dampnacioun / And syk men takis the office and ordre / mare tobe prisit & honourit jn this warld ./ na for ony prouffit yat thai think to do to god . na to thair' prince yat gave thame the office /- Bot the maist noble officis and ordres jn this erde ar' office of clerkis and of knychtis / And the best lufe jn this erde js ay betuix thame / And thar'fore rycht as clergy was nocht ordanyt tobe agayn the ordre of knychthede / bot to honour' jt / and thame yat worthily beris jt / sa sulde knychtis / nocht be agaynis the # haly ordre and office of clergy to manetene worschip and defend

jt / agaynis the rebellouris and euill willaris of the kirk / # yat ar' callit sonis of jniquitee / as thai ar oblist jn taking of the said ordre of knychthede /. ffor a man is nocht anerly oblist to lufe his ordre / bot he is oblist with that / to lufe thame yat # be othir ordres vnder' his awin lord for / to lufe his ordre and nocht to lufe the caus' yat his ordre is ordanyt for /- ffor # syk lufe is nocht order'lyke / ffor god has ordanyt nane ordre vnder' him . tobe contrair' till ane othir And as to that / # thare is ordres of religious' yat few of thame lufis ane othir and # +git lufis wele thair' awin ordre /. bot that is nocht the rycht # ordre of lufe & charitee / yat suld be jn religious' /- And rycht sa # a knycht suld nocht samekle lufe his awin ordre / yat he myslufe other' ordres / ffor that war' agaynis god . and gude faith ffor the ordre of knychthede is sa hye /. yat quhen a king makis a knycht /- he sulde mak him lord and gouernour' of grete landis and contreis efter' his worthines And all knychtis suld think yat thare is a lord and syre abone all knychtis / ffor the honour' of quham thai ar' all maid knychtis /- for to do his will and serue him fyrst / and syne thair' temporale lordis / (^jtem^) the Emperour' aw tobe knycht # jn signifiaunce yat he is lord and syre of all knychtis jn temporailitee / And be caus' - yat the Emperour' may nocht mak na gouerne all knychtis /- thare was ordanyt kingis tobe subordinate personis / next efter' Emperouris to gouerne realmes and contreis /- the quhilkis suld alssua be knychtis . sa yat thai may mak knychtis /- ffor na man may mak knychtis bot he be knycht before /. sauffand [\90v\] the # pape /. Alssua all kingis suld haue vnder' thame dukkis and princis / Erllis & vicountes / and vauvassouris & barouns / and vnder' the barouns knychtis of a schelde / the quhilkis suld gouerne thame be the ordynance of the barouns yat ar' jn the hyar' degree of knychthede before namyt /. And that gerris he multiply knychtis jn takenyng yat na king / bot he may na can gouerne all the generalitee of knychtis jn erde /. ffor thare # is nouthir Emperoure na king yat can na may jn his regne gouerne all his subditis but help of his knychtis - bot the # king of glore can wele allane / but othir power' na of his awin # vertu and maiestee / can & may gouerne and reugle all this erde / and all the hevin at his awin plesaunce the quhilk is ane # anerly god allane jn Trinitee and vnitee / And thar'for' wald he

nocht / yat ony knycht allane mycht mak a knycht yat suld gouerne all the knychtis of this warld bot he allane / And thar'fore ordanyt he jn this warld mony of knychtis tobe / yat his magestee may the better be knawin / And yat kingis and princis suld mak officeris vnder' thame of knychtis / And forthy dois a king or a prince grete wrang to the order' of knychthede / quhen he makis othir schireffis baillies or prouostis of othir lawlyar' men na knychtis /- ffor than ar' kingis ande princis caus' of the abusioun of the ordre of knychthede /- quhilk was ordanyt for sik caus' /- ffor that ordre was ordanyt tobe substitute till princis ande kingis apon the gouernement of the peple /. as maist worthy and maist honorable for sik gouernaunce of small peple / And abone thame dukis Erllis and barouns /- And abune thai / kingis and princis /. And abone princis & kingis allanerly Emperouris and papis /. And thus suld the warld be gouernyt be commoun reugle of gouernaunce /. saufand kingis yat ar priuilegit or prescribit jn thaire power' jmperiale /- And thus knychthede is the hyest temporale ordre yat is jn the warld /- Bot nocht the hiest office /- ffor kingis and Emperouris is nocht ordre bot jt is office / Be the quhilk office thai precell abone all othir officis of temporalitee /. as dukis countes marquis vauvasour' baroun and knychtis And suppos' of all officis of honourabilitee the knychtis office be the lawast office of dignitee vnder' jmperiale or ryale magestee /. Neuertheless the ordre is hyest and maist honorable /. ffor quhy / yat all Emperouris and kingis aw to bere that ordre / or ellis thair' dignitee is nocht perfyte /- ffor ellis may thai mak na knychtis - And be honorabilitee of the order' of knychthede /- grete honour' js ordanyt be the lawis to do to knychtis - And be nobless' of honour yat is put till him /- he suld haue nobless' of vertues and worthyness' jn his curage /. Be the quhilk nobless' of curage / he suld be less' jnclynit till all wikkitness' and all vicis of barat and trechery / and othir villain condiciouns / na ony othir persone /- The office alssua of knychthede aw to defend his naturale lord /. and manetene him - ffor a king is bot a man allane but his men / And but thame thare may na king gouerne . na deffend his peple /. na +git nane othir lord . ffor thai ar' bot synglere personis / # And thus gif ony man be agaynis the magestee or othir lordis of the

temporalitee / the knychtis suld help him . to defend and manetene his rychtis /- Bot commonly ane euill wikkit knycht takis party contrair' with a kingis subditis agayne him self /. ffor he wald haue his lord put doune / yat he mycht haue sum part of the lordschip /- [\91r\] Bot than wirkis he agayne his awin ordre / and office yat he is ordanyt for' that is ane the faith of jhesu Crist /- ane othir his naturale lord / the thrid the peple jn thair' richtis / ffor the knychtis ar adettit to # manetene and defend justice // ffor rycht as a juge has powar' be his office / to juge / and geue a sentence /- rycht sa has he # power' to kepe his jugementis fra fors / and fra wrang and violence jn excercisioun . and jn execucioun of his jugement and sentence . And be caus' yat till jugement of caus' pertenis wele wis'dome and discrecioun of clergy . to knaw the lawis . jt is # a noble thing / quhen knychthede and clergy js assemblit togeder' /. sa yat knychtis war' clerkis & wele letterit men /- sa yat thai war' the mare sufficiand tobe jugis be the knaulage of science of lawis / ffor than war' thare na man mare worthy - na hable to be a juge na a knycht clerk /. ffor but science of clergy . to knaw the lawis /. thare is na man worthy to bere office of justice // knychtis suld be wele ryddin - and in +gouthede lere tobe well ryddin /. on destrellis and courseris / till haunte justis and tournaymentis /- to hald # table round /. to hunt / and hauk at hert and hynde /- daa - and raa - bere and baare loup & lyoun . and all sik honourable plesauncis / And sa mayntenand the office and the ordre of knychthede worthily And as all thir propri[{e{]teis beforesaid pertenis till a knycht as to the habilnes of his corps /- Rycht sa is thare othir proprieteis pertenand to the saule /. As justice force . prudence /. and temperaunce / Charitee - and veritee / lautee & humilitee faith - esperaunce - subtilitee /. agilitee /- and with all othir vertues touchand to wis'dome appertenis till him . as to the saule /- And forthy - quhen a knycht has all strenthis and habiliteis yat appertenis to the corps -/ and has nocht thame yat appertenis to the saule /. he is nocht verray knycht /- bot is contrarious' to the ordre and jnymy of knychthede /. ffor than jt war' lyke yat knychthede war' contrarious' to the saule behufe /. the quhilk is fals' /- ffor the principale caus' of the ordre is to the manetenaunce # of the cristyn faith /. and of all vertues / and jnymy to vicis # (^jtem^)

office of knychtis is - to manetene and gouerne landis and policy / and to defend thame /. ffor the raddour' and the drede yat the peple has of the knychtis thai byde apon thair' craftis and labouragis /- and grathis lyfing for the lordis /- for doubt tobe vndone destroyit / & desertit / And thus ar' the kingis dred for the knychtis / And thare sais the doctour' / yat a # fals' knycht yat will nocht help to defend his king and his lord naturale /. js lyke faith but gude charitable werkis / or knychthede tume and jdill but office // or heretike agaynis the faith /- And thus a fals' knycht - yat is vntrewe yat dois # nocht the bidding of his prince . and is contrarious' till his # biddingis and opyniouns / dois grete wrang to the knychtis yat fechtis to the dede for justice / and for the faith / and for his prince # and his naturale lord / And is worthy tobe punyst vtterly /- ffor thare is na ordre na office yat is maid . bot jt may be vnmaid /- or ellis goddis mycht war' bot small - And than sen the ordre of knychthede was ordanyt be god almichty and gouernyt and manetenyt be thame yat beris the said ordre /- gif thai yat suld gouerne the said ordre / and manetene jt /- mysgouernys jt /. and dois the contraire /- The ordre is lytill behaldyn to thame /. ffor thai vndo the ordre [\91v\] And thus the wikkit king vndois nocht anerly the order' of knychthede jn him self / bot alssua he vndois it jn his knychtis - quhen he gerris thame do agaynis the ordre / outhir be euill ensample # yat he gevis thame / doand thingis yat ar agaynis the said ordre / or be flatery yat thai mak to thair' wikkit maister' - and # fals' suggestioun to ger' thame be lufit of him / knawand yat he is euill sett and will redily trow euill talis /. And all thus gif # jt be euill done / to gerr' a knycht be misgouernyt / and mysfarne throu euill gouernaunce / jt is mekle wer' done to misgouerne mony knychtis As thir wikkit princis dois / yat all the charge of the misgouernaunce of all the knychtis of his realme is be his default and negligence /- or yat thai be sa wikkit jn thame self / yat thai geve him vnworthy counsale / to do apon his subiectis extorsiouns be wikkitness' of tyrannye or of barate # or trechery tresone to thair' naturale lordis or vnleautee till # his subditis be force of thair' wikkit curage / And than is syk a prince mekle to pris' and to love / yat knawis syk trychouris and trompouris /- and vnworthy traytouris yat beris waste name of knychthede yat wald counsale him and tyce him to

forffet and vndo the worthy . and noble ordre of knychthede yat he has sa honourably tane / and worthily hidertillis has manetenyt mekle honour' and worschip is jn his curage of the prince yat sa dois /- Ande mekle suld be lufit with thame yat beris the ordre worthily /. quhen he takis sik vengeaunce of # the jnymyes of the ordre / yat throu thair' wikkit counsale wald corrumpe his noble curage (^jtem^) the ordre of knychthede # standis jn the corage / and nocht jn the corssage /- ffor ellis war' # the ordre litill worth / fforquhy /. a lytill persone may quhilum throu habilitee of corps our' cum a mekle and tak him . and enprisoun him /- Bot a thousand men suppos' thai be neuer sa stark may nocht our' cum na vencus' a gude knychtis curage / And thus is the ordre of knychthede mare worthily jn the curage na jn the corssage ffor ellis war nocht yat // the knychthede accordit better to the body - na to the saule And be that / the vnworthy cowartis knychtis . yat fleis jn # bataillis fra thair' lordis ar nocht worthy tobe callit knychtis /- na to bere the honour yat to worthy knychtis efferis /- ffor thai drede mare the distroublaunce and males' of thair' corssage na the honoure and worschip of thair' curage yat appertenis to the ordre of knychthede of rycht /- And thus nobless' of curage is better pertenand to knychtis na is force of corssage / Or ellis suerenes and cowardis' jn mannis persone suld be of the proprieteis of the ordre /- And hardynes and largess' suld be contrarious' till jt / And that war' mekle vnresoun / Bot be # all gude way of order' / quhen a gude knycht is our sett with our' grete powar' / and lesse has of help and of falouschip to # supple him . jn sa mekle suld he haue mare hye curage and mare force of spirit / to our' cum all his aduersaris And gif he be our' thrawin / till manetene the poyntis - and proprieteis of the worthy ordre of knychthede /- Than has he optenyt the honour' and the los' of the worschipfull reward and meryt of justice / yat deis for the defens' of the rycht / and manetenaunce of the worschipfull and meritable poyntis of the ordre / as he yat deis for lufe and leautee / and honour' of # the noble ordre yat he was ordanyt to /. ffor the wis' man sais / yat knychthede and hardynesse may neuer langsumly duell togider' but wis'dome and discrecioun -/ ffor [\92r\] quhare na wis'dome na discrecioun restis / how suld thare be knaulage of honoure /. Na how suld that persone discerne betuix

honorable and dishonorable act of vndertaking of worschip / quhare wis'dome is away /- ffor wisedome will neuermare mak fault till his honour' / And forthy is jt signifyit till # all knychtis of honour' / yat a knycht may neuer be hardy / na haue the vertues yat to knychthede suld pertene / bot he haue wis'dome jn him /. Na thare is na man yat may sa mekle honour' do till his ordre of knychthede / As to stand to the vtterest with stark curage for the rycht fermely /. and neuer consent to leve his lord . na his rychtwis' actioun to dee thar'fore / And treuly that mon be reuglit with witt ande resoun . and nocht be foly na ignoraunce /- ffor quhen foly and ignoraunce is with the order' of knychthede / wit and resoun - knaulage and discrecioun ar flemyt tharefra /. ffor . wis'dome resoun and discrecioun - ar the ledaris and gouernouris of cheualrye bathe jn knycht king and Emperoure / and but wis'dome the ordre is peruertit ffor jnpossible thing jt is / # yat foly and jgnoraunce gouerne that worthy ordre And than mon jt on nede force be gouernyt be wis'dome / And thus is jt / yat sen the ordre is reuglit be witt / and wis'dome - Than suld all gude knychtis pres thame tobe wys' /- and sett thar'on all thair' hert and mynde / the quhilk makis knycht sa curageous' /- yat he doubtis nocht the dede / jn regarde of honoure and his rychtwis' caus' yat he may / lufe and honour' his ordre to sauf bathe saule and honour' jn the contrair' of foly and ignoraunce - (^jtem^) office of knychthede js / to manetene and defend wedowis maidenis faderles and moderles barnis and pore miserable personis and piteable /- and to help the wayke agayne the stark / and the pure agayn the riche . # ffor oft tymes sik folk ar' be mare stark na thai / pelit and derobbit / and thair' gudis tane /- and put to destructioun and pouertee for fault of power' and defens' /- And be caus' all sik dedis . is wikkitnes crueltee and tyranny /- Thar'for' is # the ordre of knychthede ordanyt / as jn that poynt amang the lave to gaynstand - And gif a knycht him self be the manetenare or doare of thir thingis ./ he is vnworthy to bere the ordre for # his wikkitnes / And rycht as god has gevin to the knycht pithe hardynes and hye curage /- Rycht sa has he gevin him pitee jn hert to haue mercj of the pure yat gretis on him - askand help and confourt / for traist yat thai haue jn thame of help /- And thus suld a knycht haue gude sicht to the miserable personis /

gude eris to here thame and gude mynde to think on thame / yat pitously cryis apon him for help / and confourt / And he # yat has nocht thir vertues / js nocht verray knycht /. na suld # nocht be comptit as ane of the order' of knychthede / Alssua and the office of knychthede / yat sa mekle is lufit and prisit and honourit / war' till derub / and destroy the pore folk / and # all sik peceable personis / and till dissaue wedowis / yat has na defence bot god and the office of knychthede / And till mysgouerne jn thair' gudis and heritagis and dissaue the faderles and moderles barnis / And all thing yat war' falsate barate wikkitnes and trechery war' poyntis of the said office / And the office war' alsmekle honourit for euill dedis / and wickit lyfing / as jt is now for gude dedis /- Thare suld ma press' to tak the said ordre / and office / na thare dois # now /. ffor be caus' yat the ordre is foundit apon lautee curtaisy liberalitee / lufe and pitee / Mony of thame yat beris the said ordre [\92v\] jrkis thar'of jn the warld yat now is /. ffor the office of knychthede suld have stark place jn gouernaunce / And he suld be wele horsit / and haue power' of men to kepe the contree / and the kingis wayis /. all pilgrymes # trauailouris marchandis labouraris . and suld haue the jurisdictioun of justice jn citeis and townis - And quhen nede war' to assemble the folk for the prouffit of the commountee / and quhen perilis war' apperand jn the landis - to byrn mysal housis & destroye perilous' passagis /. ger hag woddis and byg /- and mak reperacioun of euill biggit placis castellis and wallit # townis / and fortress' /. and kepe and defend all gudely personis /. chastis' . and punys' all misdoaris and wikkit cruell personis ffor and the contrary of thir gude poyntis war' approprit to # the ordre than all gude gouernaunce wald faile /. and na man wald be seur' ffor the office js foundit ay on gude and prouffitable werkis yat ar' spedefull to the commoun prouffit / and to gaynstand all thame yat settis thame for the distrublaunce of the pore peple / and hyndering of the commoun prouffit /- and to put doune euill and wi[{k{]kit men /- And to fauour' nuris' and manetene gude peple ffor rycht as the hewing ax is ordanyt to cutt doune treis yat hynderis labouragis of landis / and cartis and chariotis and marchandices to passe throu the forestis /- Sa is the suerd of knychthede ordanyt to kutt away ande destroye the wikkit vnworthy wedis & ronnis of thornis

of euill men yat lettis labouraris marchandis and traualouris # to trauale throu the warlde quhilk is as a forest / and # wildernes - quhen jt is nocht wele redde / Off the quhilk euill men . suld # be wedit out / be knychtis . keparis of the lawe yat gude men mycht lyve jn lee /- And he yat is a knycht /. and dois nocht this /. bot dois evyn the contrary /. suld be tane be the # prince / or be othir worthy faithfull and honourable knychtis / and put till dede /. ffor quhen a knycht is a revare or a thef / or a traytour' or a murtherar' / or a lollard . scismatike or # heretike or jn syk crimys opinly knawin and approuit /. Than is he vnworthy for to lyve /- bot tobe punyst jn example of # otheris /. yat defoulis that maist noble and worthy ordre /. & abusit jt agaynis the poyntis and the proprieteis of the order' / ffor jt war' better to syk a knycht to +gelde him self to justice / # tobe punyst with mortall punycioun /. na to lyve jn sik misordinate lyf / for to vndo him self / and otheris mony /. quhilk lesse euill war' yat he war' vndone allane /- and less' charge till his saule /. ffor gif a knycht or a lord . haue all thir forenamyt vicis jn him / or ony part of thame /. and walde punys' otheris and will nocht punys' him self /- that is nocht the rycht way # of justice /- ffor gude justice begynnis at jt self /. and syne at othir men /- ffor grete lak is to reproue and correct otheris # jn that / yat he is foular' smyttit him self /- quhilk gif he will nocht do /. othir knychtis suld do / for honoure of thair' # ordre / till hald jt euer' jn honour and worschip - as wele efferis jt tobe / And all knycht yat fauouris syk cruell dedis / and # gerris nocht punys' thame /- thai ar foule jn the dede as the doaris # of thame /. ffor syk men ar nocht verray knychtis bot feigned beris the ordre . and dois nocht the office /- ffor rycht as a knycht had a hurt jn ane of his handis /- that hurt is mare # nere and dere / to the laue of his othir membris / na jt is to me or ane othir man /. And erar' efferis till him . to sett remede tharejn - And rycht sa - gif a knycht misgouernis him jn syk kynde yat he be outhir thef / or traytour revare or murderar' # /. jt appertenis mare [\93r\] till othir knychtis to sett tharejn remede / na It dois till otheris yat ar na knychtis ffor all knychtis ar' / and suld be as a cors ./ And thar'ffore knychtis has mare wite of the mysgouernaunce of othir knychtis . na ony othir man has . and mare dishonoure alssua . na men yat ar' na knychtis /- ffor jt is thair' default /. sen the correctioune

efferis to the order' / and to the office /- ffor quhy he is # jnymy to the ordre / yat sa gouernys //- And than suld jt wele effere to the ordre to punys' thair' jnymyes Quharefore / thou yat art a knycht / and will correk otheris defaultis /. Correk thine # awin faultis fyrst /. ffor a traytour' thef or revare knycht /- he # is alssua thef / traytour and revare till his ordre / yat revis jt # the worschip and the honour' yat appertenis till jt mare na to reue othir mennis gudis /. ffor he yat stelis or revis honour' fra # ony persone / bringis him hame schame and dishonour' and euill renoune /- quhilkis honour' passis all richess' . Quhat difference is thare to gude vnderstanding / till a traytour yat betraisis his awin lord naturale / or his castell or his wyf / # or his douchter . or his eldest sone / or slais his counsale & # murderis thame /- or sik dedis dois / jn regarde of him yat euer' was lele & trewe jn all thir thingis / and deis for his lord jn bataill place /- And alssua quhen a knycht defendis ane othir' yat is fals' and traytoure till his prince / or his naturale lord /. # and will nocht thole him cum to justice / nor na punycioun tobe done apon him /- he is wer' na he yat did the dede /- And the ordre of knychthede is dishonourit jn his persone /- yat manetenis / and will nocht bring to justice a fals' traytour' / And vnworthy war' yat he had justice jn keping / Ane othir poynt of the office of knychthede / is - to accus' traytouris - agaynis his prince / or otheris yat jt efferis /. and till # appelle thame of bataill - and feicht wyth thame /- And office of traytour' is - to deny /. his tresone /- & hyde jt / and couer # jt / quhill he may /. and eschewe all prufis thar'of / And thus ar # the twa curagis wele contrarious' togidder' / yat neuer curage of traytour' mycht our' cum ane noble curage of a trew knycht /- bot gif jt be throw pride or surquidy - yat is callit our' presumptuous' jn him self /- the quhilk god tholis quhilom be punyst jn bataill place /- Bot the curage of a lele knycht - # yat for a lele caus' debatis . may nocht be our' cummyn /- bot gif jt be for sum syn agaynis the ordre of knychthede /. ffor gif a knycht wald reve fra the small peple / the gude yat god has gevin thame and geve jt till otheris yat he aw nocht to /. that war' agayne the office of knychthede / to tak fra lawar' na him self / outhir moble gudis or possessiouns and hald jt as heretage till him /. nocht gevand / na restorand agayn /. he # may be lyknyt to the wolf / yat the lord gave the schepe to kepe # to /.

as till a famulyar' faa -/ Or he may be lyknyt till a fule # lorde yat left his faire wyf jn keping till a +gong traytour' # knycht /. Or he yat left his stark castell and his gudis till a bitter cuuatous knycht - vntrew knycht /- And thus is he mekle to wyte yat gevis his castell or his wyf / or his schepe jn syk gouernaunce / Or how ane othir suld traist his gouernance jn him yat gouernis nocht wele him self /- ffor thir ar thingis # yat men suld nocht put jn misgouernaunce of fule men - his faire wyf / his castell / and his moble gudis /- ffor commonly syk men yat begylis thair' lordis may neuer be refourmyt na redressit till lautee - na till honour of knychthede (^jtem^) # ane othir poynt of the office of knychthede is . to halde his armouris clene and faire / and wele at poynt / and to se wele # to the gouernaunce of his hors' / and nocht to play thame - at playes of dice & of tables [\93v\] and othir licht playis / quhilkis ar nocht contenyt jn the poyntis of the ordre ffor jt is # forbedyn jn the lawis to mak ony ath contrary to the ordre of knychthede na to the office /- And he yat puttis doune the principle # thingis quhare with the ordre and office is haldyn at honour and worschip - throu lycht playes or othir wayis /- he honouris nocht wele his ordre /. ffor knycht jn weris but hors' & # harnais is lytill prisit / And sen jt is sa . yat god and man acordit # jn the poyntis of the ordre of knychthede / yat na fals' aythis suld # be thar'jn /. na jn thame yat gouernis the said ordre suld than nane be /. Item lordis na knychtis suld nocht brek the ath of mariage throu misordynate lechery /. ffor that is a poynt yat discordis with the poyntis of the ordre /. ffor thare is thre # gree of chastitee / the quhylkis all honourable personis ar' # behaldin till - that is ane jn mariage / ane jn wedowhede / and ane jn maidynhede yat is callit virginitee /. of quhilk the haly writt biddis thame yat may nocht lyve chaste /. mary thame / and syne kepe thair' maryage / ffor gif thai do nocht / and thai brek mariage / that brekis thair' athe to godwart / the quhilk # is agayn the ordre and office of knychthede /- ffor chastitee is vertu /. and mysordanyt lechery js vice /. And thus sen all vertu folowis the ordre / and all vice discordis with jt /- It syttis wele - yat princis lordis and knychtis kepe honour jn that poynt / And namely / nocht to forffet thair' mariage / (^jtem^) justice and knychthede acordis togeder' . and justice # & mariage bresing and othir disordinate lechery discordis with

justice / And thus knychthede and disordanyt lechery discordis . as apperis be the lawis of haly kirk quhilkis # efferis prelatis to correct /- And thus gif a prince or a lord or a knycht brekis mariage /. he is mare to blame / na ony of lawar' degree /. ffor the hyar' degree / the gretter fault and mare # tobe punyst jn all excess' of vertu /. (^jtem^) ane othir poynt of knychthede is . yat a knycht suld be meke & full of clemence / and nocht prydy na presumptuous' /- na orguillous' - ffor oft tymes of pryde and orguille and presumpcioun cummys jniure and discensioun /- ffor orguille js contrary to justice /. and jnymy to concorde /. And thar'fore thare sulde na knycht be hautayn na feir' na prydefull . na presumptuous' /- Bot euer' with mekenes and clemence & humilitee be symple as a may amang peple And jn his jnymyes presence be as lyoun rampand /. ffor quhat euer' he be / yat be full of pryde and presumptuousnes / amang vertuous' men is repute nocht for thai ar' contrarious' to pes & concorde / & pes & concorde are contrarious' to justice /. And sa is pride agaynis the poyntis of the ordre /. Ande humilitee is the rute of the stedefastnes # of knychthede /- ffor schortly to say knychthede acordis till all vertu and justice /- And all thingis yat ar contrarious' to # vertu and justice / ar contrarious' to the ordre and office of knychthede /- ffor knychthede suld defend all jniuris and wrangis / all pilleries wrang weris and tribulaciouns and suld hald the peple jn all justice equitee - veritee and lautee /. # pes. and debonair'tee / And out sched the wikkit fra the gude peple pesable /. quhilkis gif thai do nocht / bot dois the contrarye # jn thair' gouernaunce / Thai ar' contrarious' to thair' ordre - # and worthy tobe punyst / Bot thare is nane yat all knawis /. na all may punys' /. Bot the Emperoure the quhilk ordanyt knychthede spirituale to kepe justice ordinare [\94r\] be # reugle vertuous' jn pes and concorde / & justice rigorous' . yat is # the ordre of knychthede / quhilk suld on force compell euill men . and of wikkit lyf to desist and cess' fra thair' wikkitness' / # and punys' thame thar'for' And thus is thare knychtis of pes and concorde amorous' - and be reugle of justice to mak gude reugle and gracious' concorde and gouernaunce jn the peple . And alssua knychtis of the justice rigorous' ordanyt - to compelle be fors of armes - all tyrannis traytouris and all othir mysdoaris - and cruell tormentouris of the haly

labouraris kirk men marchandis - and traualouris - to cess' and desist fra thair' wikkitness' . The quhilkis knychtis suld be full of vertues and gude lyf / to geve otheris ensample (^HEre^) spekis the doctour' of the examinacioun of the squyer' quhilk suld entre jn the ordre newly of knychthede /. sayand yat he suld be first examynyt be ane alde knycht yat knewe and lufit wele the said ordre atour' all thing next god /- ffor thare is mony princis yat rekkis nocht quhat maner' of condicioun na of lyf / his knychtis be /. sa yat he haue grete nomber' of knychtis jn his company ./ Bot jt suld nocht be # sa /. ffor knychthede takis na hede to multitude /- bot to nobless' # of cheua[{l{]erye and of curage / And of gude thewis yat we haue before spokyn of / And thar'fore gif he yat is examynour' lufis better multitude / na nobless' of curage / and of vertu /. he # is nocht worthy tobe examynour' of squyeris /. bot suld be reprovit / and punyst be the prince of knychthede / of his defoulyng of the ordre of knychthede /- And first and formast jt suld be sperit /- gif he trowis lufis /. and doubtis god /- # but quhilk poynt is na man worthy till nane ordre of nobless' - (^jtem^) gif he dredis the defaultis to do . yat dishonouris # the ordre / And thus . squier' but lufe /- and but drede to do # mys . is vnworthy to the ordre /. And gif he takis jt agayn thir proprieteis and condiciouns /- he wenis he takis honour' till him . bot he takis dishonoure ffor a squyer' but nobless' - is nocht worthy to sa hye honour' as to the worthy honour of knychthede / Na +git jn the weris of his prince or otheris but hors' armouris / and sik men ar nocht habil to wyn honour jn armes - ffor men may nocht mare cruelly destroye the noble order' of knychthede / na till haue ane vnworthy examynoure of the squier' yat suld entre jn the said ordre / ffor gif he admytt to the ordre a man of vnworthy curage / that is destructioun of the ordre / And suld a squier' examyne him self first / and think on the mony noble proprieteis and condiciouns of the ordre / to think jn him self gif he war' worthy or he put him to the examinacioun : rycht as scolaris examynit tobe prestis or greid jn scolis / suld nocht sett # thame thar'fore / bot thai fand thame worthy thar'fore / ffor dout # thai war' repellit / or ellis defoulit thair' greis / Rycht sa suld bacheler' squieris jn the examinacioun of the ordre of

knychthede /- ffor he suld nocht alssua ask the ordre yat he wald efter' deffoule be his euill thewis . And alssua lordis # yat ar sa jnformyt yat thai will mak sik men knychtis / thai do agaynis the poyntis of the ordre / and chargis thair' consciencis . ffor men knawis nocht nobless' of curage jn fair' wordis bot jn worthy werkis . Na nocht jn fair' clething / ffor oft tymes . vnder' a faire habyte may be a full fals' hert full # of barate . trechery / and traysoune [\94v\] Na he takis him nocht be his faire harnais na his faire hors' . na othir faire habilliamentis /. ffor oft tymes vnder' syk faire habilliament # ar nocht the best men of armes / and worthiast jn vertues Quhar'fore gif thou will wale worthyast / and maist noble man of curage / thou seke him be thir takenis / that is for to say justice . and temperance /. force - and prudence /. # ffayth . esperaunce yat is gude hope . & cheritee . and leautee /- And be thir takenis / thou sall knawe the nobless' of curage / be # the quhilkis vertues / the noble hert defendis jt fra the jnymyes # of knychthede /- quhilkis ar fals'hede trechery / traysone . thift # & murder and syk lyke thingis / (^jtem^) our +gong men suld nocht # be maid knychtis / bot gif thai had gude tutouris and curatouris . for dout of misgouernaunce of the ordre for fault of knaulage /- ffor quhen a childe is maid knycht . he thinkis nocht on the poyntis of the ordre yat he sueris to kepe /. And gif the squier' yat is ressauit be the examynouris tobe knycht and admyttit / be a rekles man and a wikkit and of vile condiciouns /. he dois grete wrang to the ordre yat he beris - and till him self to /. ffor and he be vencust jn barrier' / or # he be cowart or full of wikkit vicis - as fleand fra bataillis /- revand or steland /. he sall neuer haue honour' na prouffit of his ordre /. ffor rycht as jt honouris the honourable jt dishonouris the dishonourable / Bot of all thing / a knycht # suld kepe him jn all vertu to hald the mydwart / ffor a[{s{] the mydwart is vertu / sa is the extremitee vice /- And thus a knycht suld be of resonable gude age / yat he knaw the proprieteis and poyntis yat he aw till haue / yat he nouthir excede / na be our' lache jn his dede Item jt suld be sperit at him /. quhat is the caus' yat he takis the ordre for' / # quhethir for fairnes of corssage / or for hardiness' of curage /. or for richess' - yat he may be proudly cled / Or for pryde yat he may tak mare state na his falowis yat now is /. Or for yat he # is

wele horsit and enarmyt / Or for tobe a myrour' jn his # lignie /- yat nane is sa worthy as he tobe knycht /- Item men may mak knychtis of pure mennis sonis and thai haue gude evin jn frendschip of lordschip /. And with that yat thai haue the vertues foresaid /. Bot and a knycht or a lord mak ane vnworthy creature knycht . he puttis his honour jn dangere / yat disprisis and dishonouris the noble ordre of knychthede /. and makis his awin honour' mare law na jt was /. ffor the fylth . and the wrechit vnhonestee yat he has lychtlyit the # said ordre /- ffor be rycht resoun of worthyness' and nobless' of the ordre /- thare may nocht - na suld nocht na villaine curage cum be gude evin to the said ordre /- ffor that war' be gude resoun vndoyng of the saide noble ordre / yat is ordanyt bot for nobless' - and gentillesse of curage / and gude vertues as foresaid is /. and gude thewis /. ffor hye parage and anciene honour ar the first poyntis of the rute of knychthede / yat is cummyn fra alde ancestry and syne worthy personis with worschipfull condiciouns & proprieteis personalis of the knycht him self / makis mariage betuix worschipfull vertues jn hye parage and knychthede // quhilk aw nocht to lycht bot jn nobless' / And thar'fore and a lord mary nocht hye parage / and knychthede togeder' - he is contrarious' to nobless' and to knychthede bathe /- Bot a lord may put of his power' forssablye . agayn the noble lordis and knychtis willis - a man jn the ordre yat is nocht worthy /. Bot he may nocht vndo yat he has done ffor suppos' yat he haue power' to mak a knycht /. he has na power' to vnmak him [\95r\] sa mekle Is the vertu of knychthede / ffor na man but grete caus' . and # juge with princis powar' may tak honour away quhare jt is anys gevyn - Than be resoun - jt aucht nocht tobe yat prince nor knycht mak na knycht of ane vnworthy persone / na of villaine lignage /- ffor wald men vnderstand . yat alsmekle is nature honourit / as for corporale nature . jn tree and beste as jn man ./ Bot as for nature spirituale / man is mare honourde /- Bot be the nobless' of the spiritualitee of the saule # resounable / yat acordis with angelis of hevin /- thare is grete # difference / And sen nobless' of curage suld be jn all knycht /- jt may stand . yat a man of a new sprongyn lygnye yat be honourable and worthy jn all gentris' /- mycht be conuenable and worthy to the ordre sa yat the vertues condiciouns and proprieteis of

nobless' of curage acord yartill Bot this opynioun js vntrewe and vnworthy - ffor and that mycht be /- jt war' mare lyke yat the ordour' of knychthede suld better' or alswele accorde # to the proprieteis corporales & personalis as spiritualis . the quhilk is fals' . ffor knycht gaynis nocht bot for hye parage and nobless' - with the sevin vertues before namyt be the doctour as force / prudence . justice / and temperaunce with faith gude hope and charitee /. with leautee - yat efferis to knychthede / (^jtem^) the examynour' suld spere of the squieris condiciouns and maneris and gude vertues and thewis amang the peple /- And quhat documentis and techingis thai ar' of /- ffor the fault of gude documentis and techingis gerris vnworthy men be reboytit / and repellit fra the examinacioun of the jnquisitouris /. yat thai cum nocht to that noble # ordre /- ffor worthy examynouris will admytt nane - bot worthy /. ffor grete foly war' to put jn the ordre thame yat efter'wart suld # be repellit for thair' misgouernaunce /- And forthy suld the # knycht yat is the jnquisitour' seke wele the poyntis of nobless' and # of valour' / and of the vertuous' proprieteis / and gude thewis of the squyer' yat suld be knycht /- and quhy - and for quhat caus' he will tak the ordre /- and quhethir jt be for meritable caus' till jmplye him for the haly kirk / the cristyn faith /- # and for the commoun prouffit for the peace and for all peceable personis /- Or he takis the ordre for pryde /- or couatis' /- # Or for tobe honourit /- Or for vane glore /- or to wyn richess' thareby - quhilk gif he may persaue /- yat his entencioun cummys of ane vnworthy caus' /- admytt him neuer ffor rycht as homycide . symony . vsure and scismatyke condicioun repellis clerkis fra benefice and honour' and all dignitee /- # jn lyke cas . suld thir faultis before namyt / repelle a squyer' # fra the noble ordre of knychthede yat suld haue nane affinitee /- bot till nobless' of corage as said js /- ffor and men wald # wele knaw / and consider the grete chargis and dewiteis yat folowis the said ordre with saule perile /- and worship oft jn were Thay suld stand grete aw to tak that noble ordre /- mare na tobe outhir monk or frere or othir' religious' / of the hardest order' yat is /- ffor traistis wele /. yat grete honour' beris # ay grete charge /- And gretter dises' jt is - to fall fra grete honoure agayne /. yat anys a man has bene at / na euer' jt was joy / tobe thareat /. Quia non est tanti gaudij /- excelsa

tenere /- quanti est meroris de excelso cadere /- And thar'fore knycht suld mare dout honour' na dede /- And schamefulnes suld mare chastis' a worthy knycht /- and geve him a hardar' passioun - and jt suld happin him /- Na sulde outhir hunger' or thrist / or hete or calde /- or ony dises' # yat he mycht haue /- And namely grete princis and lordis sonis - suld think grete schame to wyn ane euill name for lak of thair' condiciouns jn thair' +gouthede // gif thai thocht euer' to cum # to the worthy and worschipfull ordre of nobless' yat knychthede is callit /- ffor thai may wele traist yat the name yat thai # wyn jn thair' +gong age /- remaynis with thame for euermare / And than is jt grete auenture /- and euer' thai be worthy to ressaue that ordre /- quhen the examynouris knawis wele thair' condiciouns /- And thar'for' [\95v\] all syk perilis # suld be schawin to the squier' or he sett him tocum to the examynyng /- Cheualry may nocht be vphaldyn but grete costis and als expens' on hors' harnais mete and men . and othir necessair' thingis yat till jt appertenis And thar'for' thare suld na man . suppos' he war worthy /. desyre to tak the ordre /- bot he war' a lorde / or yat he had lord to mynister him all his necessiteis . And halde his honour abufe jn tyme of weris - ffor ellis jn default of hors' harnais and othir necessiteis euill sett knychtis quhen thai waunt /. assemblis # syk euill men as thame selff and gerris mony ruggaris and revaris /- and othir wikkit men destroy the commouns and distrouble the realme - and makis mekle wrang tobe done jn thair' default (^jtem^) men countrefait jn thair' persone na # our' grete growin men . na men our' fat /- or yat has euill disposicioun or euill sekenes jn thair' body // ffor jt war lak # to the makare / to mak men knychtis yat war nocht hable till armes and to do vailliaunce jn tyme of weris /- ffor the nobilness' of the ordre is sa worschipfull yat jt sufferis na # man yat has mahaigne na demembrit / Na othir wayis mankit jn corssage visage na membris - be he neuer sa riche /- tobe admyttit to the said maist noble ordre - the quhilk excludis vttraly all ignobilitee / and vilitee Item the jnquisitour' examynour' suld mak jnquest at the squyar' / gif euer' he did ony grete excessiue syn /. as tresoune or scisme - sorcery or wichecraft or grete murderis or syk lyke thingis /- the # quhilk / suppos' he pris' thame lytill . may lett him to ressaue the # noble

ordre jn company tobe falowe to the worthy cheualrye /- Na +git na vaneglorious' squyare suld be na knycht / ffor vane glore tynis the meritis of all gude vertues - Na he suld nocht # be a gabusour' na a flaitour' squyar' yat suld entre jn the said ordre / Na +git hautane na fiere jn pride /- na orguillous' squyer' suld nocht entre jn knychthede / Ande namely outrageous' jn word /- and sclanderous' bakbytare sulde nocht entre jn the ordre /- na commoun leare / Na commoun vicious' hurdomare hasartour' / commoun tauernouris full of sleuthe /- barganouris commouns glotouns kid & knawin for syk dronkynsum manesuorne /- and all outrageous' commoun vicious' men - ar nocht tobe ressauit to the ordre of knychthede /- Bot suld be repellit be the examynouris of the ordre /- And thus suld nane be ressauit to the ordre - bot nobles of parage /- vertuous' honest and of worthy curage / And jn all this suld squyer' be jnquerit / or he be knycht / (^Here^) declaris the doctour' jn quhat fassoun and maner' suld squyer' yat walde be knycht - ressaue the ordre of knychthede /. And as to that / the squyer' quhen he is examynyt / and admyttit /. he suld schriue him clene of all synnys / and defautis / yat he may think on . yat euer' he maid agaynis god and his magestee /. and tak his sacrament /- sayand . jn the name of the and jn entencioun to serue the / # and honour' the - my souerane lord god - and thy dere moder' mary - and all thy haly sanctis of paradis' - j tak this day . this worthy ordre /- And this suld be done be prince or lord jn a grete feste /- as +gule . pasche or witsonday - or all halowmess' /- ffor the mare honourable assemble js maid thay dayes na jn otheris /- And than sulde the squyer' fast the fest evin ./ and wake all that nycht jn prayeris of grace # asking / And otheris als suld pray for him /. to geve him grace worthily to ressaue and kepe / and worthily gouerne the said ordre / at the plesaunce of god and the haly court of hevin /- And on the day before he suld pas to the kirk jn his best array as # efferis / and custum of the contree is / thare [\96r\] tobe jn prayeris # and to here a preching / or a proposicioun langand the said # mater' / Na he suld nouthir here na speke vicious' speche . na trompouris na janglouris - for that is lak to the ordre / And on the morne efter' quhen he is arayed jn habyte of knychtis

wede / thare mon be grathit a solempne messe with note And jn the tyme of the offeratore . he sal cum before the altare and offer' / And syne sall he mak ane athe to the ordre till # honoure jt efter' his power' jn the honour of almychtj god prince of # all cheualrye / And thare jn present place suld thare be maid a # fair sermoun declarand the poyntis of the cristyn faith acordand thame to geder with the poyntis of the ordre of knychthede /- To the quhilkis poyntis of accordauns the squier' suld tak gude tent / and knaw thame all . and hald thame prentit jn his hert percure with all the vij sacramentis - the x. commandementis - the xij articles of the treuth and to kepe him fra the vij dedely /. to all the quhilkis poyntis of the # faith to kepe and honoure and fulfill at his power' jn contynent yat he haue tane the said ordre at the honour' and reuerence of god /- and thare to suld mak his speciale prayeris for all the tyme of the messe /- And fra thynefurth for all his lyfdais /. And quhen the preching is done / than sal cum furth the prince or lord yat suld mak him knycht /- the quhilk aw of dett tobe knycht or he mak ony knychtis . Rycht as nane may mak preste - bot he be preste /. Sa may nane mak knycht - bot first he be maid knycht /. sauffand the pape /- ffor how may he geve yat he has nocht /- ffor herbes and bestis may geve thair' nature jlkane till othir to mak thair' nature perpetuale /- Bot sa may nocht knychtis be maid /- bot first the makare be possessit of his gift / and of his ordre /- ffor gif ony lord # wald geve the ordre / and nocht haue jt / or vnworthily geve jt # othir wayis na the ordre requeris /- he dois grete dishonour to the ordre / And thai yat takis the said ordre of thame yat has na power' vnworthily - thai haue na grace jn the ordre to do wele /. na prouffit to thame na otheris . And thus is the # squyer' begylit / and dissauit of his ordre / And all cheualrye sclanderit /. And than suld the squier' hald vp his handis to # the hevyn . and his eyne to the hicht / and his hert to god /- # syttand on his kneis /- And thare suld the prince haue the suerd redy - of honour gylt with golde and belt jt about his sydis - jn takenyng of chastitee . justice - & cheritee And thare the knycht suld outhir geve him a strake with his hand - or with a drawin suerd jn the nek to think on the poyntis and defend his dewiteis // And syne suld he outhir kys him jn the mouth - or ellis kys the croce of the suerd /- and geve jt him . and ger'

him kis jt agayne and sa put jt jn the scalbourd /- and bid him think on his athe / ande charge yat he has vndertane / and the honour' yat he suld manetene / And efter' yat all this seruice of god be done /- the new maid knycht suld ryde on ane courser' out throu the citee / or toune - and schaw him to the peple Sa yat thai may knaw him for a knycht defendour' of haly kirk & commoun prouffit /. and haldar' of lawe and justice /- and mayntenour of the peple yat quhasa has ado - thai suld draw till him for help /. And yat he suld haue # [\96v\] mare raddour and drede to do mys - or oucht yat suld be agayne the lawe euer'mare jn tyme tocum - and to sauf the honour' and the worschip of his noble ordre /- ffor raddour' drede and schamefulnes . js hye grace till all personis yat has honour to kepe /- And jn that day . suld thare be grete festyng / justing & tournaymentis . with othir actis as lissis # & behurdis /. geve grete giftis / and mak grete solempnitee jn # the honoure of god and the grete feste / And yat herauldis ande kingis of armes and menstralis war' rewardit / And than suld the prince rewarde the new knycht with landis lordschippis or othir worthy giftis and gouernementis - till eke his estate and help to manetene the honoure of the ordre /- And thus suld giftis be gevin bathe till him . and be him till otheris /. # ffor the ordre requeris giftis tobe gevin jn doly placis . for honoure and worschip of lordis of estate may nocht be kepit bot quhare giftis ar gevin - and noble actis of honour' excersit / ffor quhare honoure is nocht kepit / order' gais bakwart / (^Here spekis the doctoure^) of the significacioun of the armes of the ordre of knychthede /- Now declaris the doctour - yat as the preste - quhilk jn the mess' sayand . has syndry habitis and habilliamentis quhilkis jlkane has a syndry significacioun as is acordand to thair' office and ordre And yat office of preste and office of knycht has sa grete affinitee and # alliaunce togeder' . ffor quhy . yat rycht as office of preste has # certane thingis yat pertenis to the ordre /- and jlkane has a certane significacioun /- sa has the order' of knychthede /. ffor ilke thing pertenand till his ordre . has a certane significacioun # be the quhilkis is signifyit the nobless' of the ordre of knychthede /- And first and formast / thare is to the knycht gevin a suerd with a crossit hilt / yat signifyis . yat rycht # as

oure lord jhesu Crist vencust jn the croce /. the jnymy of mannis lygnage / to the quhilk he was dempt throu the syn of Adam oure first fader' / yat rycht sa suld a knycht vencus' the fais of the croce throu the suerd /- ffor the suerd is ordanyt # to do justice with /. And thar'fore is jt maid with twa egeis - jn takenyng yat he suld manetene and defend bathe temporalitee and spiritualitee with the double scherand suerd /- Item to the knycht is gevin a spere - quhilk is evin / and betakenis rychtwis'ness' & veritee ffor - as the spere is evin - And rycht sa suld he be bathe evynlyk and rychtwis' and manetene and defend lautee and equitee jn contrary of fals'hede and trecherye / And the scharp hard stelin poynt of the spere hede betakenis yat suppos' fals'hede be neuer sa wele armit /- +git will lautee pas throu him /- and vencus' him - And be the pennoun on the spere end - jt schawis yat veritee hydis him nocht /- bot schawis him to fals'hede - sayand ay - quhen jt movis /- Lo me here veritee - yat has na drede of fals'hede na trechery And veritee is the foundement of esperaunce yat is gude hope /- and of all othir thingis yat ar signifyit be the spere (^jtem^) chapellat of stele alssua js gevin to the # knycht - jn takenyng of drede of schame & repruf / ffor a knycht suld be schamefull as a maydin dredand repruf /. ffor knycht or womman but drede of schame may nocht kepe honour' langsumly ./ na be obedient to thair' ordre /- ffor rycht as drede and schamefulnes gerris a persone cast doune [\97r\] the hede / and luke to the erde / sa dois the stelin hat the knycht cast doune his eyne / And rycht as the stelyn hat kepis the knychtis hede quhilk is the hyast membre and maist principale of his persone /. sa kepis drede of schame the knychtis honour' yat is the hyast poynt of his ordre / and maist principale # poynt of all . The quhilk drede of schame suld haue jn jt fyve # wittis / to kepe yat throu nane of thaim suld dishonour' cum /. and yat the nobless' of his curage suld defend thai fyve wittis yat neuer throu thame euill na wikkitness' cum . (^jtem^) # haubergeoun is gevin to the knycht . jn takenyng of castell to kepe him fra his jnymyes . yat is evill vicis ffor rycht as a castell is # wallit all about with stanis togeder' junyt to kepe knycht fra his fais /- rycht sa is the haubert to kepe him rycht sa fra his # fais yat ar vicis and defaultis till his maist noble ordre of knychthede / the quhilk is maid of mony syndry pecis as of

maillis (^jtem^) leg harnais is gevin the knycht yat his leggis and fete war' seker to passe jn the wayes & stretis and kepe thame yat na robbouris na thevis - na murderaris vmbesett the wayes to reve na strouble lele marchandis na labouraris men of kirk na pilgrimys yat passis jn the contree for the commoun prouffit of the realme /. And jn sik keping he suld be garnyst # jn his armouris and his wapnis yat he mycht do scathe and take nane (^jtem^) thare is gevin him maisse /- that is to say . # pollax . jn takenyng yat he is officer' ryale /- and yat gif ony man disobeyis till his wand /- yat he lay that maisse on thame to hald the kingis rychtis on fut / Alssua spuris ar' gevin him jn signifiaunce yat rycht as spuris spedis the hors' to ryn fast / and besy jn tyme of nede quhen his jnymyes cummys nere . Rycht sa suld knycht jn tyme of nede be besy - quhen the king or his contree is our'sett with lourdanis and revaris or traytouris . or oyir wikkit misdoaris /- sa yat he slepe nocht his tyme . bot be besy and diligent jn the commoun prouffit // Of the suerd we haue spokyn of before jn quhat takenyng and significacioun jt is gevin /. (^jtem^) the quhip is gevyn to # the knycht jn his hand quhen he is on hors' . To that significacioun yat he suld stand aw and be obedient till his lord /. ffor disobeisaunce vndois the knycht and brekis his # ordre yat all his ofspring will forthink /. As for the jnobedience of Adam all his of spring was punyst (^jtem^) gorgelin is gevin # him jn takenyng / yat thare suld nouthir entre na jsse throu his gorge thing yat suld be villaine . na lak thing to the honoure of the ordre / as tobe at bidding of his lord but # disobeysaunce /. and but murmur do his lordis commandementis /- and nouthir do na consent to tresone . orguille barate - na trechery . vnleautee na othir vice / yat may cum throu word na thocht be the gorge outwart /- na excess' of glutony - drunkynness' na othir mystemperaunce throu the gorge jnwart /- And thus the gorgelyn suld kepe the knychtis gorge /. (^jtem^) masse is # gevin him . yat betakenis strenth and force of curage / the quhilk masse is lyknyt till a fals' sterap - quhilk strykis on all # sydis apon all kynde of harnais /- sa dois force of curage / jt # strykis on all sydis and defendis the honour' of knychthede agayne all vicis and enforcis uertues (^jtem^) thare is gevin to the # knycht his lytill schort suerd - yat sum callis misericorde jn # signifyand - yat quhen he has jmplyde his spere /- his lang suerde his polax

his fals' sterap /. and his falow be sa nere him - yat he may nocht help him self with nane of thay /- Than js jt gude at schort strakis / And jt is callit outhir [\97v\] schort suerd / # or misericord // ffor caus' yat a knycht suld nocht all traist jn # his armoure na wapnis / bot jn his awin vertu /- and jn him yat maid him and jn his mercj / and traist yat throu his help - quhen all wapnis ar' faillit / yat he sall saue his honour and bring him fra the perile of dede / and dishonoure / (^jtem^) schelde or targe js gevin to the knycht /- jn signifiaunce / yat as # office of schelde is . tobe the targe betuix the knycht / and the strakis /- sa suld the knycht be . betuix the prince or his # lorde and the strakis // as the schelde ressauis the strakis before # the knycht /. sa suld the knycht before his lorde /. kepe strakis # fra him - And as schelde is couplit to the knychtis brest thare his hert is /- sa suld the knycht be till his lord bounde jn lautee # as till his awin hert / and is a myd moyen betuix him and his peple / Gloues of plate ar' gevyn to the knycht . jn takenyng yat as thai kepe his handis fra strakis - & woundis /. and manglyng / throu the quhilkis the body mycht be tynt /- Sa suld he kepe his handis /. yat he geve na faith na athe - na # 'mak nane condicioun na obligacioun agayn his lord - ffor than war' he vndone /. And as knycht liftis his wapnis mare seurely and traistly yat his handis ar enarmyt / Sa suld he lift mare # seurely to god almychtj yat he be enarmyt / yat his handis wirk na misgouernaunce jn taking of wrangwis' gudis . na strykyng of vnlefull personis na making of vnlefull condiciouns /- and vnlefull touchingis // na put his handis jn vnlefull placis /- The sadill yat he rydis jn . betakenis sekernes yat he be nocht lychtly put by his purpos' . sa kepis the sadill him /. yat he # be nocht lichtly put fra his hors /- ffor quhen he war' doune strykyn /. than war' his honour lawe /- And rycht as he is ferme /- and seker jn his sete /. sa suld he be ferme and seker jn his curage jn justice lautee nobless' veritee and # charitee // ffor throw seuretee of a gude hardy knycht - mony gude dedis ar' done - throu gude hardy men of armes /- and mony cowartis ar declarit /- quhen hardy men ar' approuit / vantouris . and vaynglorious' men - yat dar nocht be sene / quhare the hardy and worthy knychtis apperis jn worthynes jn bataill place /- And thare fortune enforsis hardyness' /- And as the sadill with the grathe yat langis jt /- haldis him ferme

yat he movis nocht for na strake of spere of jnymy /. sa suld fors' of curage kepe him yat he move neuer again gude faith - na resoun /- and bow nocht with vice agayn vertu /- And as the hors beris grete charge of the armyt knycht /- and sadill and harnais - sa beris the knycht be vertu of his ordre grete charge /- the quhilk he suld nocht lychtly be movit fra . And as he is sett apon a hie sadill abone a hye coursour' /. sa # sulde his courage be hye to defend the rycht /- and manetene the poyntis of his maist hye and noble temporale ordre /. And thar'fore is courser' gevin him or destrere to betakyn nobless' and hicht of curage yat knycht sulde haue abone all othir peple /. sen he has bathe maist hye and noble order' / and syne maist noble habilliament of armoure /- and syne maist hye and noble hors /- sa sulde he haue maist hye and noble curage with force to pass' all otheris jn vailliaunce of armes and honoure / And tobe sene abone all his men . and mare fer' of sa yat men yat had nede of his help /- suld se him of fer' to draw till him for help /- (^jtem^) his coursere or destryere # has bridill gevin till him with irne bytt jn the mouth /. and # reynis jn the knychtis hand /- sa yat the knycht may refreyne the hors /- yat he pas nocht away with him /- And that jryn bitt jn mouth betakenis / yat he suld refren+ge his mouth fra bathe # evill [\98r\] vicious' speche and euill thouchtis / And be the reynis # is betakenit / yat he suld hald his handis vndefoulit / or fylit with our' vilaynous' dedis / or yat he be our' large to geve # till othir' yat he haue nede him self / and yat he be nocht sa lycht of striking with his handis yat thare be na discrecioun jn his dedis / and yat be thai reynis he suld be led with pure folk - yat war' nede bestad of help . quhare thaire nedis war' to trauaile to help thame / And yat he war nocht our' narow na nedy yat he had lak tharethou /. nocht to spare his gude / and spend his honour And yat he be of handis hardy to defend him fra his fa . & doubte nathing ffor our' grete doute makis knychtis haue la[{c{]he curage - (^jtem^) the hors' hede is bundyn with ane hede stele of the bridill - jn that kynde yat # he suld do nathing bot be ordynaunce of the knycht yat efferis # till cours' of armes /. and bot be resoun / And the hede of the hors gais before / and is bundyn to do resoune Sa suld the resoun ga before all dede of armes and othir actis honourable yat he dois /. And as his hede stele byndis his hede to resoun /. sa # dois

resoune the knycht / and kepis his worschip /- Alssua the knychtis hors is enournyt with harnais before and behynd / on his body /. sa efferis jt to knychtis tobe honourably enournyt with honourable clething /- and alsa with vertues honourable / And be caus' yat sum hors' ar enarmyt with sik harneis as efferis to defend thair' corps fra harmes /. sa suld knycht be enarmyt with richessis of temporale gudis /- or ellis he may nocht gudely do his worschip nouthir jn pes na jn were / And oft tymes gerris mony reueryes and wrang wynnyngis be /. ffor clerkis sais /. (\quod propter jnopiam # multi deliquerunt &c\) (^jtem^) jakkis war' ordanit to knychtis thai tymes of +geris /- yat war' of grete solempnitee of sylk abone all thair' harnais / yat signifyit grete trauailis yat efferis till him to do . ffor rycht as the jakkis ar abone the hauberkis and ordanyt nerest bathe wynd and rayn and othir stormys / sa suld a knycht for the peple susteyne all stormes & trauailis for thame /. sa yat all mysterfull and peceable personis yat had myster suld throu him haue reconfourt and refuge at nede for the honoure of noble yat ordanyt that noble ordre /- for that caus' tobe a protectour' and ane aduocate of all pore miserable and peceable personis /. The quhilkis be the nobless' and the creacioun of the ordre /- he is ordanyt to defend manetene / and halde jn thair' richtis quhen thai haue mister / and thai be requerit /. Quhilkis knychtis suld erar' expone thame outhir tobe dede / or prisonare / or woundit sare or he left thame but help yat ar' vnder' thair' cure and sauf garde /- Be the quhilkis poyntis of the ordre / men may se / yat knychtis be vertu of thair' ordre has a grete charge /- quhat of justice halding /- quhat of thair' landis gouernyng and of thair' peple mayntenyng /- and of thai peceable personis defending / As ar kyrk men . and maidnis fra fors' and ravisyng /- wedowis and faderles and moderles barnis fra suppresing / labouraris marchandis and traualouris fra distroubling and all peceable personis fra fors and wrangwis' vexacioun . Efter' this takyn of armes to bere js gevin the knycht jn his schelde /. or jn his cote of armes or othir # wayis /- sa yat he be knawin and kend jn bataill be otheris sa yat gif # he dois wele / he suld haue honoure and worschip /. And gif he dois [\98v\] evill . he suld haue dishonour' and disworschip / and sik as efferis till ane jnymy of the ordre of knychthede /.

ffor gif he be vailliaunt / and hardy jn bataill - or he be feigned slak and cowart / & flee fra his lord jn bataill # (^jtem^) baneris ar gevyn - bot that is bot to kingis and princis / # Erllis dukkis - marquis vavassouris barouns and knychtis bannerollis And thus quhen a baroun baneroll has mony knychtis vnder' him . thai aw to diffend thair' lordis landis # and his lyf and his honoure /. ffor the honour' of knychthede # standis jn that / yat he be lufit lovit / prisit / honourit and doubtit with the prince lordis and peple of the realme /. ffor the honour' # of lordis and princis standis jn the pluralitee of mony worschipfull and honourable knychtis /- And as knychtis of honour' ar honourde with princis lordis and peple / for hardyness' noble curage vertu and worthyness' yat thai haue wonnyn with thair' princis lordis & maisteris honoure jn thair' +gouthede /. Rycht sa ar vnworthi cowartis . full of tresone ande fals'hede / barate and trechery / and othir vicious' lyf / suld be haldyn as dish[{on{]ourit and vnworthy tobe amang thame yat ar honourable jn the said ordre and mare tobe blamyt na othir lawlyar' folk / suppos' thai had done mys

(^Here declaris^) the philosophour' / how kingis and princis # suld tak thair' [\110v\] recreaciouns and deduytis / and thair' plesauncis quhilkis ar' leffull & but repruf O maist noble Emperour' Alexander' . jt efferis wele till a prince tobe # seruit with lele seruandis / till his prince / and hamely officis of # his secretis /. with the quhilkis he suld tak his recreaciouns / # And thai suld be the maist traist yat mycht be foundyn - And als he suld oft tymes here the soundis and melodious' noys' of diuers' jnstrumentis of musyk ./ And namely quhen he war' jn grete penseis of thouchtis and of cogitaciouns displesant / yat # gerris oft tymes a prince cum our' fer' jn malancolye yat may hynder his hele and his growth /- ffor sik melodious' soundis of musik gerris the mankynde tak dilectacioun naturale / and gerris his spiritis naturale rest fra all vexacioun of mynde /. And all thouchtis rycht sa restis & euanyschis fra syk remembraunce /

And all the corps is the mare strenthy /- And thar'for' gyf thou will delyte the jn syk plesaunces /- but lak thou may vs' thame betymes as may be sene spedefull to thy discrecioun -/ Bot luke yat this be done honestly and secretly /- And quhen thou art jn syk plesaunce / and solace /. abstene the fra grete excess' of drinking / bot lat otheris do thair' awin # plesaunce / & fen+ge the till haue maid sum excess' - yat thou may mak na mare /- and gerr' thame trow thou drinkis /- quhen thou sall mak bot maner' /- And sa sall thou gerr' otheris be blythe /- and kepe thy countenaunce and thy temperaunce fra all excess' - And than sall thou here thame jn thair' blithenes speke / and mak collacioun of thingis yat thou may tak vnderstanding of thair' secretis /. and thai nocht of thyne / # bot do nocht this oft / bot gif jt be four' or fyve tymes jn the +gere /- And than sulde thou haue sum of thy speciale men yat thou traistis mekle jn . about the jn that place of thy secrete and traist famuliaris /- The quhilkis suld report to the all # thing yat is done / or said of the jn all the parties of thy realme / And quhen thou art amang thy barouns - do ay maist honour to the maist wys' and worthy personis /. and ger' ordane thair' estatis /. and hald thame thare at And ger' summound to thy hall to mete and drynk -/ ane to day /- ane othir to morne / and sa furth euerilkane efter' othir . and leue nane . na thou # do thame honour jlkane jn thair' degreis /. and hald talking and collacioune than with thame /- And thus sall thai lufe the /. and thou sall knawe the condiciouns / and the wis'dome of euerilkane be him self /- And thus sall all the lordis and # noblis of thy realme - knawe the worthynes / and the wis'dome of the /- and the largess' of thy curage yat be euer' opyn - and redy to mak thame gude chere /. and hamely till euerilkane jn thair' degreis / And jn all this . thou suld haue jn the discrecioun and countenaunce and mesure And of all thir kepe the yat thou laugh neuer our' hiely and our' oft tymes ffor jt # is a thing rycht euill sittand jn a prince / or ony persone honourable And traist wele yat mekle lauchter gerris a persone sone seme alde - and lakkis reuerence and honouris - and engenderis vilipensioun - and lichtlynes quhen jt excedis (^HEre^) declaris the noble philosophour' how princis sulde mak punycioun [\111r\] of mysdoaris efter' the cas' - and efter' # the

state of the personis / Alexander' maist hye and michty Emperour' / thou suld wit yat all men suld honour' thair' lord our' all otheris . and namely jn his awin propre court /. and # sa suld the lord honoure his naturale men jn his court / and consistore abone othir / sa thai be gude men And gif thai be mysdoaris / he suld ger' punys' thame efter' thair' desertis / and efter' the qualitee of the persone /- sa yat otheris tak ensample to kepe thame fra syk mysdedis /. and tobe mare dredand to brek the lawis / And wit thou Alexander' faire sone / yat all othir wayis . suld be punyst a notable man na a man of lawar condicioun /. ffor jt efferis wele till a lorde # tobe rigorous' jn execucioun of justice and tobe discrete to # discerne betuix statis of personis / and the qualitee of the dede And betuix soueraine and subgettis -/ And thar'to spekis Esculapius /- yat all men ar behaldyn to lufe thair' king / and thair' prince / and to honour' him maist next god and his sanctis /- And sais - yat the egill is lyknyt till a king / as lorde & soueraine amang all foulis /. and has jn sum part syndry condiciouns efferand to princis estate Bot quhen a king fyndis ony mysgouernaunce jn his realme or jn his houshalde / he suld ger' jnquere gyf jt be done jn playing or disporting / or othir wayis jn lychtly contempt / of ony persone / nocht jn felouny / & sa suld jt be poinyst / And gif jt war' done # agaynis the magestee ryale / jn fellouny and forethocht felouny / jt sulde be punyst to the dede /- ffor quhen ony man dois dispising / or ony villany / or ony grete excess' to the # prince /. or oucht yat belangis his maiestee / jt requeris dede but # mercj . gif jt be done be his awin subiectis and legies /. And as to # haue knawlage of that /. Alexander' fair' sone / thou suld vnderstand . yat jn four' maneris of wis' thou may vnderstand gude obeysaunce of subiectis to thair' souerane // ffirst jn # fair' maner' halding till him /. to pray tenderly to god for him - # and to haue grete luferent till him - To mak him grete honour and worschip /- Alexander' - fair' sone . draw to the at all thy power' the hertis of thi subiectis - and thair' curagis / And kepe tobe nocht jrefull - na jniurious' agaynis thame /- thouche thai speke quhilum with the /- and othir quhilis agaynis the /- And vnderstand wele yat peple will speke lichtly of lytill evyn /- And thar'fore kepe the wele / yat # thou mak na caus' yat suld geue thame mater' na occasioun to

speke agaynis the ony thing / And sa may thai say rycht nocht - yat may greue thy magestee /- na +git nocht wirk na do agaynis the / quhen thare is na caus' /- ffor thare is nane sa gude helyng of counsale /- as to do nane euill - And traist wele / Alexander' fair' sone /. yat a rype discrecioun with gude deliberacioun - is a grete glore to the dignitee / ryale # or othir dignitee / and reuerence to the lordschip and exaltacioun of a realme And the maist hye prudence and wys'dome yat ony prince may haue / js to put payne and study /. to fynd the wayis to ger' his peple lufe him / & to do him reuerence / and jn drede and raddoure /- ffor jt is callit hye prudence jn a # king to ger' him haue all this - lufe drede & reuerence of his peple /- bot anerly to delyte him jn keping of the lawe &c (^Here^) declaris the philosophour' to quhat thing princis ar' comperit // And to [\111v\] that he sais . yat a prince or a # king may be comperit to the rayne / ffor the rayne beris the benedictioun of god /- and callit is be the grace of god - the benediccioun of the hevyn /. the lyf of the erde / and the # grouth of all fruytis yat ar here engenderit / and create /- And nocht gaynstandand - yat the rayne is prouffitable /- +git cummys thare with the rayn grete thonder and fyre flaucht / and mony othir vexaciouns of grete wateris & speratis yat tormentis the peple / and dois mekle euill oft tymes /. drownis men - beris away cornis & hayis and hale housis . and othir gudis . And +git nocht than - the peple lettis nocht for that / to lofe # & serue god /. ffor by all this . he sendis thame rayne yat dois gude jn the gude sesoun of the +geris . yat dois thame grete gude / and grete prouffit // and gerris thame for+get the # scathis yat thai haue had throw jt / And sa dois a king / the commoun prouffit till all men . quhen he kepis lawis /- Bot nocht # than . jt dois grete scathe to sum men yat ar punyst be justice /. & sum slayn . sum prisounyt /- sum thair' gudis tane And +git lettis nocht the peple forthy / to love and lufe thair' king & drede him and honoure him -/ ffor thare wald cum nane euill jn this warlde to naman war jt nocht foreseruit for thair' demeritis /- And +git comperis he a king to the wyndis quhilkis dois grete gude alway till growand thing /- ffor but jt thai mycht nocht wax / & +git na schippis saile /. and mony othir behufull thingis Bot +git dois jt mekle scathe as all men # wate /

drownis schippis schakis cornis - brekis stepillis and kirkis / and brekis treis with mony othir euill thingis and +git lettis nocht the peple to pray to god to send gude wynd /- and lovis him of all his giftis gracis and werkis /. ffor men suld vnderstand yat the hye disposicioun of the conduyte / and the gouernaunce of this warlde . the quhilk is throu divine sapience prefixt and ordanyt tobe sa wele and perfytely / yat better may nocht be deuisit / na ymagynyt /. he has ordanyt certane landis for certane creaturis jn certane disposicioun to serue his creaturis /- and gouerne and manetene And rycht sa has he ordanyt kingis and princis tobe apon the peple to fauo[{u{]r' & nuris' sum . and othir sum to punys' /- And +git comperis he the king to wynter' and to the somer' / ffor as the somer' gerris all fruytis cornis and othir creaturis wax # and grow to mannis behufe / and all thing with his hete nurisis - quhill jt cum to the hicht /. sa dois the hete of somer' agayne with the chelle calde of wynter' puttis all thai fruytis and # treis and flouris all to nocht - and destroyis thame vtterly / And thus ar' the tymes of somer' and wynter' bathe doare & vndoare to all erdly thing yat growis vnder' the hevyn / And rycht thus is jt of the prince yat dois and vndois kepis ane . and slais ane othir /- dois prouffit till ane and scathe till # ane othir as caus' requeris /. dois to sum plesaunce /- to sum displesaunce / And thus gais the warlde (^Here spekis the^) noble philosophour' of the grete pouertee # of all mankynde And how grete princis and kingis - thouch thai haue gete office and charge / +git ar' thai bot men - and mankynde mon endure /- and how thai suld be of grete drede to scayle and sched mannis blude / our' reklesly / O Alexander' faire sone / and gentill Emperour' / do all thy diligence to [\112r\] enquere and spere of the grete necessitee # of the poure and schamefull creaturis of mankynde yat feble ar' / and jn grete nede / and ordane lele men yat lufis thy saule to jnquere of thame / and speke with thame / and do thame humanitee for the reuerence of almychty god ./ And thai gude mercifull dedis yat thou sall ger' be done to thame sall ger' # the be lufit bathe with god and with thy peple / And se yat thou ger' thy providouris of all thy prouisiouns be ay jn all thy countreis providit of cornis and othir prouisiouns nedefull

atour' all commoun cours' of otheris prouisiouns - bathe for thy necessitee / and of thy peple / gif jt befallis be auenture ony derth or hunger' jn thy landis . yat bathe thou may lyve jn honour / and help to suplee sum of thy peple /. yat thou maist salbe behaldyn to /. And than ger' opyn thy housis of prouisiouns of cornis and wynis and othir nedefull thingis / & mynister help to thy peple as caus' requeris / And this thou may do / and jt salbe comptit to the grete witt and prudence / and grete honour' and prouffit /. & saufing bathe of mony saulis and lyfis of thy peple / and sall teche othir be thyne ensample to gouerne sa jn othir tymes /- And than will thay bathe doubte the & lufe the /. sayand this lord is worthy tobe # a prince /- yat seis sa ferr' before the perile / and settis prouisioun be his prudence /- And +git fair' sone Alexander' j requere the /. to think on all my documentis and techingis / # And namely that thou be peceable & sparum of mannis blude / ffor jt is the thing yat plesis maist to god ./ and maist # efferis till a noble prince to do // for god . yat kennis the secrete thouchtis of mannis hert will reward the thar'fore jn thy grete nede /- ffor suppos' thou be a king / and ryall Emperour' / # +git art thou bot a man - & mankynde mon folowe /. And schape the nocht to take the office of god the makare to wrangwis'ly vndo the mankynde yat he has maid till his awin propre semblaunce /- ffor we rede of ane rycht noble philosophour' callit hermogenes /- quhilk sais jn his bukis notablez /. yat quhasa slais ane othir creature of his awin kynde and nature - slais him self / ffor he slais the verray semblance of god yat he is maid efter' . And than cryis all the angelis and vertues # of hevin - vengeaunce of that crueltee /. sayand . syr' syr' / thy seruand schapis tobe falowe to the /. yat but resoun will sla thy semblaunce / yat thou has maid And than ansueris the hevynnis on goddis behalf /- Suffre +gou till the tyme ffor traistis wele . he yat slais salbe slayn /- ffor quhy /- the vengeance is jn my hand /- the quhilk j sall tak /- yat all the uertues of the hevyn the misdedis of the wikkit / quhill he haue tane vengeaunce of thai misdoaris of quhilkis thair' punycioun is ordanyt jn endles perpetuale payne (^Here declaris the noble^) philosophoure how jt efferis wele # to kingis and princis /. to haue and ger' rede before thame oft

tymes alde anciene noble stories /- the quhilkis encrescis # thair' wis'dome and mendis thair' lyfis /- O noble and maist worthy Emperour' thou suld vnderstand . yat thou sulde haue knaulage and vnderstanding of all maner' of warldly thingis / & hevinly jn alsfer' as to the efferis /- ffor thou has # provit / & experimentit mony merualous' and euill thingis / And forthy suld thou haue jn mynde jn thy noble [\112v\] remembraunce the glorious' dedis of thyne ancestris and forebearis of al ancienetee . and thou suld ger' rede jn thy presence bathe cronykis & histories . jn the quhilkis thou sall nocht fail+ge # to fynd mony notable and worthy ensamplis . of alde anciene faderis of armes wele techit and jnstruct jn the actis of nobless' / to geue the ensample and jnstruccioun to wis'ly gouerne the jn mony thingis yat now ar' werefull to the /- And traist wele thou sall fynd thare mony thingis yat sall the geue mony gude auisementis bathe of were and of pes / of tyme bygane yat sall mak the wysar' to eschew perilis / and gouerne the mare wisely jn tyme tocum . And specialy j requere the / yat thou despis' neuer lawar' persone na thy self na mare vnlikly . na mare symple creature /. ffor thou wate nocht /- quhen god may mak of a pore riche / and of a foule vnlikly - quhilum full mychty to help or to hynder' (^Here declaris^) the philosophour' how all princis kingis and nobiles suld kepe gude faith jn all condiciouns and appoyntmentis yat thay mak till all creaturis /- Alexander' faire sone /- our' all the thingis yat may be jn this warlde /- kepe wele yat thou fail+ge neuer of thy hechtis . aithis na promessis yat thou makis of condiciouns or alliaunce /- and brese neuer thy leautee for nane erdly thing /- ffor that may # be callit woman kynde to brek lautee And thar'fore our' all # thing / kepe thy condiciouns / and ligis yat thou confermes be thy lautee /. ffor ay to fraude thare folowis foule ende - how lang yat euer' jt byde /- na quhat gude yat be apperaunce yat euer' cum thar'of / be tymes ffor thou knawis wele / yat be the faith and leautee of men /. all congregaciouns of men . and vnioun of citeis and wallit townis is manetenyt / and vphaldyn And alsa . be athe and faith and lautee - castellis ar kepit / & # stark fortressis and wallit townis /. and all regne and dominacioun - and othir gouernaunces ar sekerit confermyt / and vndoutably

kepit /- ffor & fayth and leautee war' away fra men jn this warlde /. all wald be nocht / bot turne agayn as to the begynnyng of the warld - to that jlke state yat thai war' at # the begynnyng of the warlde that is to say . to the semblaunce of vnresonable bestis /. And thar'fore Alexander' thou worthy and maist lele Emperour' yat thou kepe thyne aithis - & thy sacramentis condiciouns and appointmentis - and all thyne alliauncis /- all be thai neuer sa scathefull . na sa hynderand na greuable And think apon that / yat heremogenes sais jn his wryttis . yat euerilke man jn this erde has twa angelis kepand him . ane on his rycht hand / and ane on his left hand . to # tell his werkis to god almychtj / and tobe witnes agaynis him jn his euill dede /. and with him jn his gude dede /. And be this a poynt wele aw the man to kepe him fra vicis and dedely synnis /. O faire sone - Alexander' - quha constreynis the /- or compellis the to suere sa oft / as thou sueris - Bot traist wele . yat jt is agaynis gude thewis and vertues to suere /- # bot gif jt be throu grete necessitee /- And yat a man be with grete jnstance requerit or chargit be the justiceris -/ Or yat thou # be requerit be thy grete counsale / and for rycht grete caus' /- ffor a king sulde nocht lychtly suere /. na hecht nathing / bot yat he will halde /- ffor suering is mare propre to thir' licht men of euill lyf / and to subiectis & bonde men yat gevis [\113r\] na force / quhat yat thai say / na suere / suppos' # thay brek thair' athe / Bot till a lele man . jt is dede /- And gif # thou will wit / quhy /. the realmes of the Albanois and of the Sacienis was destroyit / j sall tell the for quhy /. It was . # be caus' . yat thai with fraude and decepcioun . maid couenantis and bandis of thair' allyancis betuixt thame /- and othir # citeis thair' nychtbouris . And thair' kingis / and princis suore # grete aithis to kepe thai bandis and condiciouns /- and jn thair' # hertis was feynyt / and fals' . and thocht nocht to kepe thame /. bot maid thair' athe jn fraude and barat / and jn entent of decepcioun to dissaue thair' nychtbouris of the next citeis / # and brak thair' contractis and condiciouns /. and did evin the contrair' / And sa at the last /- god mycht nocht suffer' thame na langar . knawand thair' malice / And gaue power' to thair jnymyes yat thai wald haue destroyit / till our' cum thame /- And thar'fore Alexander' fair' sone - tak gude tent to my

wordis / and my techingis bathe of before / and yat j sall say the jn tyme tocum . and lichtly nocht my sawis (^Here declaris the^) noble philosophour' how kingis and # princis suld ger' mak scolis jn thair' realmes /. and founde citeis / and multiply clerkis & sciencis Alexander' . faire sone ./ be souerane lord of the dede /- And suppos' thou haue tholit a thing passe / yat is nocht for thy prow /. Repent the nocht / quhen it may nocht be wele amendit / ffor all syk thingis ar' condiciouns of wommen / or of man yat is of feble curage and mutable /- And do na thing yat thou walde nocht yat all men wist / & suppos' thay wist / thou had na dishonour - na lak of that dede /. Be alwayis courtais and kepe wele thy tong et jn syk gouernaunce thy realme salbe seker - and wele defendit / and thy fais confoundit /. And leue nocht behynd / yat jn euery grete citee of thy realme - thou ordane gude placis gaynand for scolis /- And yat thou commytt thair' gude worthy . and wis' clerkis tobe maisteris - And ger' commaund till all men yat ar' of powere to send thair' barnis to the lare /. And # thame yat thou seis ar habilest to prouffyte /- help & forthir thame # to contynewe /. and do thame sum courtasy /- yat otheris may tak ensample to prouffit / jn sciencis / and to cum to perfectioun of clergy /- And ay that sall geue otheris # occasioun to prouffit mare and mare /- and sa sall thy realme cum jn honour vertu / and gude gouernaunce throw thy prouidence and god sall +gelde jt the / and thy peple sall honoure the and lufe the /- And gif thai wryte to the /. or makis the ony request /- here thair' prayeris /- and wryte graciously agayne to thame /- and ay do honoure and loving to the maist wys' and worthy men /- and that sall encress' thair' bountee /. and the honour and worschip doublis ay agayn to the /- And ay halde thame yat maist worthy and wys' clerkis ar' / nerest and derest to the /- and do ay maist for thame /- and than sall # thou move thame yat ar wis' . forto extoll thy name and thy worschip our' all contreis jn thy lyve /. And sa sall thou wyn gude renoune / yat we spak of before / yat sall remane efter' thy dede / And thus sall thou haue honour - bathe dede / and quyk /- And than sall thai put thy gude dedis - jn writt / and jn cronyclis tobe jn perpetuale remembraunce - the quhilk salbe repute to the rycht grete wis'dome and sapience /- And

be this sall the honour of thyne empire be mare fairly extollit /- And thy court salbe enlumynyt with wis'dome and clergy euermare /- & mare /- the quhilk is the glore of thy croune /- and thyne empire /- Quham trowis thou Alexander' [\113v\] to haue put jn memore and wrytt / the worthy mennis dedis / and thayr' gouernance of tyme by gane / na sall do jn tyme tocum . and maid thar'of stories and cronycles / bot grete clerkis & studyaris jn scolis of sciencis - yat war' wys' and worthy men -/ the quhilkis seruit to lordis tobe jn # honourable / and worthy remembraunce /- and had of thame yat war' princis jn the tyme mony worschipfull and honourable rewardis // As we rede of a grete lordis douchter /- quhilk was sa techit jn science of clergy /- and namely jn naturale philosophy / and Astronomy yat scho knew - the cours' of the +geris . dayes monethis and sesouns /- and all thair' maneris / and als the cours' of sternis and planetis . with the # proprieteis of the signis of the +godyac / and the caus' of the schorting # and le[{n{]thing of the dais and the nychtis /- with the caus' of coniunctiouns / and the diuers' movingis of the planetis . and the kyndis of the constellaciouns and schortness' of cerclis # with the kyndis of diuers' condiciouns of jnfluencis of the hevin /- quhilkis throu thaire jnpressiouns steris all naturale thingis # to generacioun / and corrupcioun - waxing and wanyng /. ledis conditis . and gouernis all thair' operaciouns yat vnder' the hevyn js engenderit /. be the quhilkis scho knewe and coud juge of thingis yat was to cum be naturale cours' of the said coniunctiouns / and mony othir thingis / yat naturale philosophy schew hir clerely /- And thar'fore sen jt is thus . # yat a woman coude consaue sik suteltee of naturale science /- quhilk has nocht commounly - sa rype wit / as man - Thus js jt to presume / yat thou quhilk has sa noble a witt / may ressaue knaulage jn the of syk thingis better na ony womman be rycht wayis and documentis of nature / and sa tocum to gude perfectioun of science - to gouerne thy dedis jn tyme to cum as efferis (^Here declaris^) the philosophour /. how lordis na princis # suld nocht trowe the counsale of wommen na gouerne be thame / bot gyf thai had first assayit / and knawin thair' counsale gude /. na +git jn a medicinare . allane na prince suld lepyn # his

hele jn tyme of nede / O Alexander' fair' sone . kepe wele yat thou haue na traist jn wommenis werkis /. na jn thair' # wordis /. na gouerne the nocht be thair' counsaile /. And gif jt cumis apon a nedefors' . yat thou behufis to trow ane /. trow jn hir' yat thou has knaulage of hir lautee /. and gudelynes of before /. ffor quhen a womman tretis thy gouernaunce /. traist wele thy persone is jn perile /. no mare to pris' . na the lyf # of a calf put jn hir keping /. Thar'fore flee as poysoun thair' venymous' condicioun mortale / ffor thai begyn nocht newly / tobe jnymyes to mankynde /. Bot jt is thing knawin of lang tyme syne / and notoire till all men /. As be alde stories . # men may knawe // how mony honourable and worschipfull princis kingis & patriarchis has bene throu thame vndone /. quhat be poysouns . quhat traysouns /. quhat othir wayis vndone /. and thair' dais schortit / and schamyt / thair' honouris loste /. # and thair' lyfis tynt / be the mekle malice . yat jn thame # amovis -/ quhen thai the kepe jn thair' cure /. thou art nocht wele # kepit / Bot faynde with fairnes to flee before thai the fang /. (^Here^) declaris the noble philosophour /- how kingis and princis sulde nocht [\114r\] traist jn a medycinare anerly / # bot gif thai war' ma - sayand thus /- Alexander' faire sone . of ony wis' . kepe the / yat thou may out of the handis of a medicinare anerly Bot gif jt befall yat thou haue nede of medicyne / tak the be the leste ten medycinaris the best yat may be foundyn /. and lat thame consider thyne accident of malady ./ and lat thame nocht ga seueraly /- bot ay togeder' - quhill thou haue done with thame /. and tak neuer medicyne of thair' hand . bot mony of the maist sufficient acorde jn the medicyne geving /- ffor ane him allane may sone be tretit to do the a villany /- quhare mony may nocht / be sa lychtly tretit bot sum of thame sulde lufe thyne honoure / and thy lyf /- and discouer the laue And als to ches' the droggis and gader thyne herbis - thou suld tak traist men and of gude knaulage /. and syne ger' thame be gouernyt & temperit the worthiest of thy medicinaris - syndry or be all togeder' to melle thame be weicht & be mesure as efferis /- And I pray the faire sone . think on - how the quene of jnde send the mony jowellis and speciale presentis /- amang the quhilkis thare was send the a maidyn rycht ferly faire /- quhilk jn hir +gouth had bene # nurist

with venym of serpent of ane eddir' / as efter'wart was approvit / yat hir nature was fundyn as nature of edder /- And had j nocht hapnyt tobe thare jn the tyme /- thou had bene vndone / and we all -/ ffor fra j sawe hir /- j persauit be my jugement yat scho was enpoysounde /- and of venym nurist /- And namely j appersauit hir' . yat scho sett hir # sicht sa hardly - sa fermely -/ and sa forsablye /. and with sa horrible ane behalding / apon a mannis visage yat scho lukit on /. but ony cessing of contynual staryng jn the visage of a man - yat scho stykkit hir eyne jn a man - as scho walde throu lukand pers' him with hir sycht / And than sone appersauit j - yat scho walde but dout enpoysoun a man and put him to dede / with a byting of hir mouth as was efter'wart approuit before the clerely /- And thus had thou bene dede / & dishonourde and all thy company destroyit / and scailit / O # fair' sone Alexander' kepe with all thy besy cure thy maist noble saule /- quhilk god has maid to the semblaunce of him and his angelis of hevin ./ And kepe jn thy gouernance the commandementis of him . and his lawis /. and nocht jn dishonour /- bot jn acquisicioun of glore perpetuale /- and be nocht of the condiciouns of vnwis' men - (^Here declaris the^) philosophour' how kingis and princis suld gouerne thame be a worthy / and maist wys' clerk expert jn the art of Astronomy /. O hie Emperoure and prince debonaire / gif jt may gudely be / yat thou may gett / a notable and expert maister' jn Astronomy /- se yat thou nouthir ly . na rys' - na sytt / na stand - na ete na drynk /- na ony othir kynde of # thing vndertak to do - but the counsale of that wys' clerk / yat be a prouit man - in his science /- wittand wele yat the glorious' god has na thing maid jn nature nouthir jn vane - na voide / na jdill - for nocht but caus' /- na resoun - and liberale will of the makare be certane resoun /- And be this caus' - oure maister' platoun the worthy philosophour' had verray knaulage of all the thingis of nature . yat euer' he sawe maid jn erde jn diuers' parties / & of all [\114v\] thair' # contrairis / and als of all the sternis / And thar'fore fair' suete sone Alexander' tak na hede to the langage of fulis /- na traist nocht jn jgnorant mennis wordis yat sais yat na mannis witt may haue knaulage of the sternis . na of the planetis na of the

disposicioun of the firmament / and yat the science of thame is sa stark -/ yat nane may knaw jt / ffor traist wele thai wate nocht quhat thai say - ffor traist wele the wit of the man is # sa noble /- yat be his subtile engyne he may vnderstand all thing yat way of resoun may schawe sa yat he will sett his entent / and his ernystfull study tharetill - yat all thing yat god and nature has maid . is till him sensible and sauourable be way of resoun / And be caus' yat sum men sais . yat god before the begynnyng of the warlde . had ordanyt and deuisit all thingis as thai suld be And thar'fore thai say . jt is bot tynt # trauaill . and for nocht to study jn syk materis na makis na prouffit to mannis gouernaunce / be caus' yat all thing mon be /- as god has ordanyt but variacioun of mutacioun or changeing And thar'fore thai think yat of na thingis for to cum may be na science yat may prouffit / And thus the science of Astronomy is nocht worth na prouffitable / Bot Alexander' faire sone / thai wate nocht quhat thai say /- ffor & jt war' sa . as thai say / yat all thing suld be as god has said . maid and # deuisit / nocht than . quhen men knawis the nature of the jnfluencis of the hevin / and the constellaciouns of the planetis . thai may mare lichtly eschewe the perilis and mare esily bere the # chargis efter' folowand na thai kend thame nocht /. ffor and men wist be the constellaciouns jnfluencis & disposicioun of the planetis / yat jt suld be a calde wynter' this +gere next # tocum . men wald se for wod . and eldyn /. and puruay thame of better clething / ande mend thair' housing jn syk a wys' yat thai suld pas that felloun winter' with less' euill and lesse dises' . na # jt had cummyn apon thame sudaynly vnwarnist / And rycht sa - of ane vnkynde +gere of distress' of cornis and vittailis men may better puruay na It war' vnknawin na vnpuruayde of before Or +git quha wist be the cours' of nature / yat the # somer' next folowand suld be sa hate - na nane mycht lyve thingis yat war' nedefull to refresche mannis nature / or ellis all suld be # jn dangere of dede or of gret malady Than wald men puruay thame of culand metis and drinkis and of calde chamberis / and single clething /- And rycht sa of the famyne to cum - for fault of corne or wyne / & prouisioun . men wald puruay thame yat thai suld pas with lesse cost and scathe - and saue mony mennis lyfis /. na jt war' vnwittyn And alssua men wald drede thair' god /- and meke thame till him . & mende thair'

lyfis with confessioun contricioun - and satiffactioun - and # ask mercj and grace or the cas' hapnyt /- and kepe thame jn tyme tocum . fra syk faultis and excess' /- And traist wele fair' Emperour' / yat god has nocht sa straytely ordanyt his werkis - na sa fremmytly excludit his powere jnfynyte fra his werkis / yat he may nocht direct his power' to change the first set [\115r\] of the devis' at his awin liber' arbitrage efter' oure desertis / and efter' as he seis men change thayr' condiciouns and conuersaciouns and jnclynaciouns . be orisoun jn gude deuocioun . reuth abstinence fasting / sacrifice almous' dede cheritee and contricioun yat we may sa fair' grace and mercj purchas at his almychtj jnmesurit power' ande misericorde / yat all may be changit his jre jn pitee mercj and grace / or # ellis war' he nocht almychtj . and may we purchas mercj of oure myss' bygane / and grace to kepe vs jn tyme tocum . And thar'fore as to the knawlage of the science of Astronomy - jt # is to wit / yat jt is diuidit jn thre parties (^Here spekis the^) philosophour' of the first teching of the diuisioun of Astronomy . sayand yat jt is diuidit jn to thre parties - that is to say jn first / jn the roundnes . and jn # the cercles motiues . and jn the posicioun of the planetis . and situacioun - and jn diuersitee of the saignys and jn thair' lenthis and mouementis propri[{et{]ies & commouns / And this parte is callit the propre science of the Astronomy - The secund party is / to knaw the maner' of the mouementis and thair' qualiteis /. and the rysing of the signes and takenis jn # the firmament / and the begynnyng of the takenis and emynentis of the proprieteis of the thingis yat ar' tobe genderit jn tyme # to cum before or thai be maid jn effect realy vnder' the firmament /- yat is callit the space fra the mone dounwart /. ffor the firmament the ferme hevynnis fra the regioun of the mone vpwart / And this party is callit astrology that is the science of the signes and takenis of the firmament and the jugement / of thair' condiciouns and empressiouns and constellaciouns meruailous' / And this is the maist worthy part of all astronomy - and the thrid - And thus is first the # science of cercles and roundellis /- the tothir of planetis sternis and signes / The thrid the knaulage of thair' constellaciouns and diuersiteis jnpressiouns and jugement thar'of / of the quhilkis # j

sall geve the better doctrine efter'wart /- ffor now j will occupy me to declare sum part of the arte of medicyne - or j pas forther'lyar' to teche the to kepe thy hele /- the quhilk # is the best part of all medicyne to kepe hele quhen men has jt /- and maist precious' for the jn the gouernance of thine empire (^Here sendis the^) noble philosophour - Arestotil . a pistle # till Alexander' . how he suld atour' all thing be curious' to kepe his hele / sayand thus ffaire sone Alexander' . for the lufe of almychtj god - tak gude kepe to thy hele /. ffor better is hele na all the medicyne of the warld /- And vnderstand wele yat na man may do - na conquere rychess' wis'dome na honour - but clere witt and vnderstanding of man - And the wit of the man has na power' of gouernaunce / bot gyf the body be jn hele /-/ And bodily hele may nocht be haldyn - bot throu equalitee of complectioun / and nane equaliteis of complexiouns may lest but temperaunce of humouris / And the temperaunce of humouris standis jn the mannis gouernaunce / And +git the glorious' god has ordanyt / yat quhare mannis witt fail+geis jn the gouernaunce of his temperaunce /- sa yat his complexioun change he has ordanyt certane / and gude suthefast remedis with certayn poyntis & [\115v\] certane maneris of gouernaunce to kepe the man jn hele / and till hele him quhen he is slyddin out of his propre temperaunce of equalitee of complexioun of quhilk he has ordanyt certane science / the quhilk science he has maid reuelacioun of / till oure alde anciene faderis & philosophouris . & prophetis yat war' haly men . and lufit with god / yat has bene before oure tymes / the quhilkis was chosyn be the diuyne sapience of the haly gaste / and jllumynit thair' spiritis to knaw syk secretis of god . to teche till otheris be the giftis of the sapience of god . And syne the philosophouris yat come efter' that / multiplyit the said science of philosophy jn ynde - pers' and Grece . # first efter' thaim the quhilk war' twa philosophouris /- yat first fand the principles of the said science and the secretis . be # the quhilkis principles /- that is to say originale reuglis of documentis quhilkis but ony dout / men fyndis the said science throuche and the said secretis thar' of / yat nane may be dissauit jn //. And thus mon thou sett the to kepe thy hele # first of all thing /- ffor ellis thou art caus' of thy perdicioun /- # and

nocht anerly of thine /- bot of mony otheris - And thar'fore suld men seke science / yat may teche thame to saue thair' lyfis / & persewe It / quhill jt be gottyn /. And thou suld vnderstand . yat the glorious' god almychtj abone all otheris has maist jllumynit the philosophouris & the prophetis and gevin the philosophouris grace to knaw all sciencis of nature - as othir tymes j tald the /. and +git sall efter' this /. ffor # j think to procede furthe in the declaracioun of syk materis efter' thair' bukis . & documentis &c - (^Here^) declaris the noble philosophour - how men suld kepe thair' hele and namely princis /- ffaire sone Alexander' - thou mon first vnderstande yat the noble anciene philosophouris fand be naturale science / yat all man is maid of four' elementis /- and of four' contrarious' humouris / and has ay nede of metis and drynkis to nuris' that composte /- or ellis he may nocht lest / And than gif he takis mare of sik lyflade na nedefull is - till his nature he will be seke /- And gif he takis lesse na is nedefull alssua he will be seke /. And gif # he vsis bot moyenly and mesurably with temperance / yat may suffice till his corpolence and complexioun - he will be lang hale - ande lyve lang lyf /. And with that / he mon be mesurit jn sleping and waking trauailing and restyng /- and othir syndry excess' yat j sall tell the efter'wart quhilk gyf / & quhen he excedis - he mon on nedeforce be seke of syndry sekeness' - off the quhilkis gif jt hapnys - j sall tell the /- the remedis conuenable and gaynand to restore the agayne till hele /- Bot to kepe wele hele / thou mon vs' temperance jn all thir forenamyt thingis / or thy hele sall nocht lang lest /- # And traist this tobe veray suthe /- ffor j fand neuer +git / philosophour' yat discordit to thir conclusiouns and sentencis - ffor all the delytable thingis yat ar' jn erde accordand to mannis desyre / outhir richessis or honouris or carnale delectaciouns ar all ordanyt till haue lang durabilitee # jn this warld . sa yat jlke creature desyris to lyve lang / And # than suld thai sett thaim for the thingis yat ar of lang # durabilitee /- and yat gevis occasioun till men to lyve lang / and be of grete durabilitee /- that is the thingis yat kepis man [\116r\] lang # jn hele of his corps /. the quhilkis gyf he will wele kepe / he # mon renounce till his propre lusty desyris of the flesche - and # nocht

ay folow desyris or the carnale lustis and delytis /- as gyf a man has etyn . and dronkyn sufficiandly - yat furthwith jncontynent efter' quhen he seis otheris etand and drinkand gude metis and drinkis . yat he ete agayn than a fill apon ane othir / ffor traist wele . that custume is mortall - and puttis # a man sone of his naturale equalitee of complexioun . and gerris him be seke /- and the oft custume thareof / is dede /- as j herde compt of the wis' ypocras - to the quhilk ane of his disciples said . O maister' said he /. wald thou ete and drink better na thou dois - thou wald be starkare na thou art / and forciare . Bot thy lytill etyng and drinking makis the sa feble # of corps / To quham he ansuerde agayne / sayand - yat he ete jn entent to lyve lang /. and lyvit nocht jn entent till ete /- sayand . yat the lang lyf is nocht ordanyt for the mete /- bot the mete is ordanyt to hald the lyf /- bot nocht tobe a # glutoune of / ffor glutony schortis the lyf /- ffor we ar nocht ordanyt # to lyve lang / for the eting of gude metis and gude drinkis / bot gude metis and drinkis ar' ordanyt to halde the lyf lang jn the body . Bot that suld be tane be mesure but excess' /- ffor j remember' of men of abstinence yat wald nocht [{geve{] thair' appetite glouuttounnous' all his desyris / bot lyvit be dyete and abstinence / And thai men war' mare lyfly / hale faire habil - and strenthyar' / delyuer and lycht /- and of lang # lyf / and gude hele & memoire - na ony othir' yat gaue thair' flesche all the lustis and desyris yat jt couatis And thus js # jt grete vertu to nocht mak excess' /- And syk men yat ar' of syk abstinence and temperaunce / ar lang hale /- ffor nature jn thame has laiser' till expell his superfluitee /. and purgis # him - And tharefore be all medicinaris /- abstynence is callit the maist souerane medicine yat is jn the warlde here (^Here declaris^) the worthy philosophour' Arestotil - certane enseignementis documentis and techingis of medicyne / the quhilkis ar gude of conseruacioun of mannis hele /. ffair' sone Alexander' - thou mon first vnder'stand . yat jn the science of medicyne / thare is certane documentis yat ar gevyn for the conseruacioun of hele principaly /- The first is /. yat a man # tak metis conuenable till his complexioun and his nature / and till his age / of the quhilkis he has bene vsit tobe nurist jn his perfyte elde /- The secund is . yat he vs' quhilum to ressaue

metis and drynkis yat be of gude stark nature of degestioun /- quhilum yat thay be of tender nature of tenderar' degestioun /- As thus - gif a man war' of stark complexioun - and of hate nature and complexioun /. ffor the naturale hete yat is jn him - and the moystnes of his corps /- the nature is mare vaporable and of better degestioun to corrump and bray the metis and our' cum thame na jn a persone yat is of waykar' nature or complexioun /- And than is mare spedeful till him . metis of gude pith / and starkar metis /- na till otheris yat ar of waykar' complexioun /. or # ellis to geue him metis of wayke degestioun is than nocht spedefull -/ And than sall men knaw be thair' grete mater' yat cumis fra thame jn gretare quantitee na jn otheris tymes / and # of otheris metis of lychtar' degestioun /- and that is for the # grete hete & moystnes yat has than dominacioun jn that corps /. And quhen his body is dry . & sclender [\116v\] and lignye / than # is nedefull till him tender metis of licht and sone degestioun and delicious' thingis / and of sutil vapoiracioun moystis - ffor quhen a persone is of small and ligny quantitee and sclender /. than ar' the wayis of the naturalle conduytis smallar' and of lesse roume . na thai ar' jn otheris of mare quantitee throu # the quhilk grete metis of rude degestioun suld be his dede / And alssua ane othir way - gif he be hate and dry - he suld haue moyst and calde metis And gif he be calde and moyst / he suld haue hate & dry metis /. ffor ay the contrary is curit with his contrary /- ffor gif a man be hate and dry of nature and he be fed with hate and dry metis /- than suld he sone be at ane end ffor he mon haue equalitee of humouris gif he will haue lestand hele ffor mannis lyf consistis jn hate and moyst / and the contrary is his consummacioun and dede /. that is to say calde and dry / And thus jt efferis till a man yat wald kepe his hele langsumly yat he haue metis conuenable till his complexioun gaynand /- And gif a man be fat & moyste / dry metis ar gude till him /. And gif he be lene // moyste metis ar gaynand till him // And thus is gude till a fat man and corpolent rostit metis /- And till a sclender man and a lene / sodyn metis ar' gude /. And gyf he be hate of complexioun - & moyste / geve him grete metis culand /- And gif he be calde / geve him metis yat reconfourtis & hetis him - And sum men worthis grete & purssyd and corpolentis yat is of our' grete excess' of etyng # or

drinking restyng yat nature expellis nocht vtterly the superfluiteis excessiues /. and than sulde he be gouernyt with the contrairis to put him jn his rycht proporcioun of humouris and reforme his complexioun /- And be caus' syk mennis stomakis ar hate & moyste /. stark metis and dryand war' gaynand maist for thame /- ffor the stomac yat [{i{]s rycht mekle of hete /. is comperit till a grete fyre quhilk gif a man will halde jt wele jn -/ he mon cast jn jt mekle brynt wod / # and grete quantitee thar'of /- And a stomak yat is bot of mesurable hete / requiris bot mesurable wod . to hald the fyre jn - And oft tymes jn lygny men and sclender ar gude stomakis /- And jn corssy men and fat / full wayke stomakis /. And thar'fore to knawe a gude stark stomak j sall declare the certane documentis . and signes euidentis - that is to say he yat has a gude stark stomak / he has a blythe hert / & lichtsum ay And gude clere wit / & redy /- and ay wele disposit to the mete /- gude of sycht / nocht hevy of eyne // And he yat has a wayke calde stomak - he is of hevy chere / and hevy hertit and sad /- & suere /- rousty jn visage jn vnkyndely parties rede / and oft tymes gantis and wamblis / bolkis with hevy suollen eyne /- with stynkand ry[{f{]tis /. and vnkyndely colourit / and oft tymes has felloun passioun jn thair' wame /. and jn thair' stomak / as gryndingis brynnyng of hert / and # ventositeis with dolorous' having & euill appetite to metis /. The quhilk wayke stomak sone fylis / ande [\117r\] growis jn jt corrupciouns for fault of gouernaunce / and tymous' remedis yat of jt cummys all vnthrifty maladis . as feueres flux . perleseis perdicioun of membris quhilkis corrumpis and destroyis mannis nature and bringis till end before tyme (^Here^) declaris the noble philosophour' certane secrete # thingis of medycine yat ar rycht spedefull . and necessaire for mannis hele of his body /. As thus . Alexander' faire sone / Sen jt is sa - yat the body quhare thare is corrupcioun of gude humouris - and jnequalitee of complexiouns changit be misgouernaunce /- the body may nocht langsumly sa endure /- ffor the quhilkis causis for to remede syk thingis - I will put sum certane documentis jn this buke /- yat princis and kingis yat vnderstandis thai documentis / thai sall nocht nede to seke to nane othir medicine / bot gouerne thaim be the teching yat j

sall schaw thame here /- ffor jt is nocht spedefull to schaw # all the secretis of princis to medycynaris - yat may be mendit but thame sufficiently / off quhilkis techingis j traist thou salbe wele payit & content / quhen thou heris thame /- And the quhilk alsa . salbe honest thing // Bot as belangand othir jnfirmiteis yat cummys of trauailis jn were / and of bataillis and sudane accident /- off sik thing men suld haue counsale of medicineris as maladyes yat men may nocht gudely vmbechew /- And thar'fore faire Emperour' quhen thou rysis jn the mornyng /. thou suld first mak thy passyng a lytill quhile vp and doune /- and strek and rak thy membris - suetely and softly & evinly / And syne efter' thou suld kembe thy hede // ffor witt thou wele / the raxing of thy membris # esily with a lytill spassing / makis all thy corps jn better disposicioun - And syne the kembing of thy hede / chacis all the vapouris and humouris yat ar ascendit fra thy stomak to thy hede /- and gerris thame descend jn thy body /. to the naturale ventis and jssues quhare jt appertenis /- and lichtis thyne eyne // and thy fyve wittis makis mare hable /- And thus sall all thy body be mare waldin and esy to dispone the till # all thyne operaciouns / And kepe wele yat thou wesch oft tymes jn somer' thy fete and thy visage /- and thy handis with cald water' - faire and suete /- ffor jt restren+geis the hete of # thy membris agayne jn thy body /- and perfornisis the remaynand of thy degestioune and generis gude appetite till ete /. And syne efter' that / thou sall clethe the with gude and faire and riche clething /- ffor that is lychtyng to thy hert and gevis # the a plesaunce to behald thy persone quhen thou art jn riche array quhilk efferis wele till a kingis estate / and the delyte of # thi hert reconfourtis thy nature / and enforsis thy vertu jn jt self / # of thy beautee of thy corps / and thy clething /- And syne efter' # that / Alexander' / thou sall wesche thy tethe /- and syne rub thame with a bark of a tree yat be hate & dry and of all bitter # gustis and euill sauouris jn thy mouth jt sall purge the /. and rub jt all about thy mouth withjn - and on thy chaftis [\117v\] and It sall clere thy voce / and clenge thy teithe / and gader # appetite til ete And syne suld thou avis' prouffitable blude lattingis for # the tyme and the sesoun /- and that sall do the grete gude /. ffor bathe jt opnys the clos' termes of the passagis of humouris /- and gevis jssu till euill vapouris jnclosit within the # membris /

and gerris the membris of a man be mare grete and mare forssy and namely - the nek and the armes and lymmys / and cleris the coloure jn the visage /- and mendis the sicht / and confourtis the neris and makis folk tobe fat / and confourtis # the v- wittis and the memoire and jntelligence of resoun /- and lettis a man tobe sone beld /. And syne efter' that /- ger' mak vnguementis efter' bathis . and anoynt thy body with precious' vnguementis efter' the sesoun sauourous' /- and the qualiteis of the tyme /- ffor that is bathe confortable to thy body / and plesand to thy saule / and thy lyf / & thy saule ar fulfillit # of blithnes and plesaunce be gude sauouris and odouris yat is the mete of thy lyf / ffor gude odouris reconfortis the hert & the body / and gerris thame reioys' /- And than rynnis the blude throw out the corps jn the rycht vaynis - be the gaynesse / and the blytheness' of the saule / and of the spiritis vitales yat conduytis the lyf and haldis all jn joye /- The vertues nutrityuis are mare vertuous' to thair' naturale operaciouns / And than sall thou tak Electuares /- quhilkis ar ordanyt jn bukis of medicyne tobe maid to princis / And syne sall thou tak of Reubarbe the mountaunce of four peny weicht / to purge the fleume of thy stomak and of thy mouth - & fortifyis the naturale hete of thy stomak and of all thy corps & makis suete aynde And syne pas to goddis seruice /- And efter' that / speke with thy wis' men of counsale apon the spedefull gouernaunce of thy dedis - as thou art custumyt and do syk thing as efferis the to do / quhill jt be houre to dyne / And # or thou ete or drink / trauaill the sum thing / outhir on fut / or # on hors' - till engender jn the naturale hete yat wastis euill humouris - ventositeis and fleumes - and makis the stomak mare hable /- and expellis superfluiteis of euill humouris to naturale jssues - And syne ger' bring before the mony and syndry diuers' maneris of metis /. and ete of thame yat thyne appetite best gevis the till ete of /. and maist plesis to # thyne entent /. with gude brede - sum part levaynd and wele bakyn - And first as j haue said the of before / ete of the metis yat # ar maist gaynand - and avenand for thy nature and thy complexioun - as thyne appetite gevis the /- and excede nocht thine appetite /- and erast the maist moiste metis formest /. ffor thai ar' of mare lycht degestioun /- and syne the dryare / yat is of starkare degestioun efter'wart ffor thai dryar' metis

consumys euill fleumys /- and superfluiteis of the first moyste mete /- And wald thou ete first the maist dryand metis - and syne the moystast /- than suld the stark degestioun let the waykare of degestioun /- and is agaynis naturale way of gude nurisching and degestioune [\118r\] ffor metis yat ar' restren+geand ar nocht spedefull tobe etyn first / bot erar' # metis laxatiues /. and all dry metis ar restrictiues / Bot gyf jt # befell yat a man walde ete mony syndry metis yat war' laxatyues - at a tyme /. than war' jt spedefull yat he suld ete sum part of metis constictiues yat war' constren+geand - or he ete thai metis . for the ground of the stomak js mare hate . and mare stark and mare forcy of degestioun na the humast part of the stomak / ffor quhy the stomak is thare mare thyk / and lyis nerest the lyuer - quhilk haldis jn the fyre of the stomak / # And +git suld thou mak a paus' betuene coursis of mete ffor jt is rycht spedefull to byde thine appetite ay /- and nocht precede jt / to lay a mete hastily apon ane othir' / ffor that stoppis # the hete naturale / and genderis mony superfluiteis jn the stomak yat efter'wart fadis the vertu degestiue / & hynderis the appetite - and greuis the stomak / and dois grete euill to # mannis persone ffor the remaynis lyis lang jn the law of the ground of the stomak / and consumes the caloure degestiue / and noyis the ground of the stomak / and genderis vnkyndely hete jn the lyuer / quhen jt lyis lang thare /- and lettis appetite to # drink sone efter' dyner' /- and engenderis full euill maladies / # culis the uertu degestiue / and destroyis the vertu of naturale fude # of the mete throu fading of the stomak / And gif sik cas hapnis jn grete hete - jt war' gude to drink culand thingis efter' / as water' gyf na better thing mycht be gottin /. to cule and clenge the stomak / And quhen thou has gouernyt the jn maner' . yat thou has eschewit thir perilis foresaid /- and # thou haue etyn ynouche - than schape the to sytt a lytill and rest the /- and syne efter' - space a litill - and syne efter' # dispone the to slepe a lytill nere be the space of ane houre apon thy rycht syde / And syne efter' quhen thou wakenis . turn the apon thy kerr' syde /. and thare end thy slepe /. ffor the ker' syde # is kyndely caldare na the rycht /- and has myster tobe helpit with sum chaufing / And gif jt be hapnis the till fele ony dolour' jn thy stomak / or jn thy wame / ger' hete a lynyn clathe . and lay thare apon /- or ellis tak ane of the maist # fair'

maidnis yat thou may get /. and hald als nere thy stomak as thou may brace hir all hate /- And gif jt hapnis the ony hert wamblyng - egirly tak a vomyt of water' and vynager - or othir wayis to ger' the cast / ffor the grete quantitee of # metis yat is jn thy stomak may nocht be gouernyt na our'cummyn be the naturale hete of thy stomak / and is a grete breking of thy complexioun and of thy corps / And thar'fore is gude the trauaile before mete / bot our' grete trauailing efter' mete - yat a man be full of gude metis ./ js nocht spedefull // for he chassis the mete jn the stomak / and gerris part ascend and part descend to the ground of the stomak and engenderis mony maladies / And traist wele yat sleping before thy mete with a voyde stomak makis men lene and dry - bot sleping efter' mete with resonable spacyng efter'wart / jt fulfillis the # nature [\118v\] confortis the membris and nurischis the corps and growis / ffor quhen the persone restis and reioysis / than the naturale hete yat is our'spred our' all the corps / drawis than agayn to the stomak to confourt jt and help the naturale degestioun and to grynd the metis yat ar thare jn - And syne efter' that the naturale vertu makis him to rest / And # thar'fore sais syndry of oure grete maisteris philosophouris / yat the metis yat ar ressauit jn the stomak at evin / ar mare prouffitable to the nurisching of mannis nature /- na the metis yat ar tane at morne /. ffor the metis yat ar tane jn the mornyng / has nocht sa gude help of the naturale hete as the metis yat ar' tane at evyn . at the souper ffor quhy /- the # metis yat ar etyn jn the dyner' ressauis the hete of the day jn # mannis corps . quhen he is wakand and trauailand / and bathe the membris of mannis body / and his witt is than vext and trauailit / for quhat yat a man than heris and seis and # spekis . and thingis vexis his mynde jn syk maner' with the corporale labour' and trauaile of his membris and mony othir plesancis and displesancis yat him befallis jn the day yat drawis the # hete fra the stomak / and scailis jt our' all the body /- sa yat jt # is fer' waykare jn the stomak na jt war' vnyt togeder' - jn the stomak /- And this makis the vertu of the naturale degestioun fer' waykar' / and feblis the mannis corps / and lettis degestioun tobe perfyte /- And efter' souper the mannis persone restis and reposis jn the nycht /- and the membris and the wit ar' bathe vnvexit - and labouris nocht / na seis nocht

na heris - na spekis nocht /- bot restis fra all vexacioun corporale and mentale /- And than the nychtis ar' naturaly calde - and the hete of the bed ane othir / way conseruis and enforsis the naturale hete and all the membris repossis and restis jn quiete /- And than the naturale hete yat is # reenforssit / js mare vertuous' / and consumys soner the fude jn the stomak /- and sendis jt jn pes and rest to the partis of the body quhare jt is ordanyt tobe /. to confort & reinfors' the membris and the spiritis vitalis . for the conseruacioun of mannis nature / And alssua Alexander' wit thou wele / yat a persone yat is vsit and custumyt till ete twis' on the day - & thai change thair' custum - and ete bot anys on the day - jt # sall do grete hyndering to thair' growthe /- and alteris thair' complexioun - and dois grete Evill to the body / And rycht sa - gif ony persone be custumyt to ete bot anys on the day - and thai change thaire custume and ete twis' on the day thai sall fynd grete scathe . and redy taking of sekeness // for # quhy jn the first / the nature of mannis kynde leppinis to the vs' . and the custume yat jt is wount till / and quhen jt fail+geis # that custume / thare mon be a fault /. And of the tothir the stomak yat is vsit till anys eting /. quhen jt ressauis mare na jt was wont to /. that remaynis jn the stomak vndegest and rawe /. ffor the stomak yat is nocht wont thar'to /. may nocht our'cum jt / jn the tyme / and jt makis grete jndisposicioun our' all # the body /- and contynuand this langsumly . mon on nede fors engender grete [\119r\] malady - And +git alssua a persone yat is custumyt till ete at certane houris . and he excede his # houre or cum before his houre / he sall jndispone his stomak / and turne him to grete scathe and preiudice / And thar'fore be # nocht lef to change thy custumes jn etyng and drinking / sleping and waking And gif It befallis yat thou will change or mon on nedis change thy custum do that be ordinaunce sobirly and mesurablye / and nocht hastily . bot lytill and lytill . quhill thou be brocht out of that custum - quhare thou wald be / ffor vsage is ane othir nature the quhilk is perilous' to change /- And our' all thing / kepe the wele yat thou ete neuer quhill thou persaue and knaw wele yat thy stomak be emptyd and voyde of the last mete yat thou ete And that sall thou knawe be syndry takenis /. The first / yat thou haue gude will till # ete / Ane othir yat thare habound mekle humour' jn thy mouth - &

yat jt be thin - and lignye and suete jn thy mouth but ry[{f{]ting or bolking or gantyng / ffor traist wele - quhen ony persone takis mete quhen na nede is - to the body /- or quhen he has nane appetite naturale / or jn ane vnclene gorgit voyde stomak / his stomak is glaymyt and claggit and the naturale hete is mystemperit / yat jt salbe lang / or he recouer agayne gude appetite /. and jn grete aunter na he sall fall jn malady vncurable and he vs' that custume /. And quhen a man takis his mete mesurablye with gude appetite /. the naturale hete is disposit to mak gude degestioun - ffor than js jt hate as # fyre / and sethis the mete wele at poynt /- and than prouffitis jt to the nature / and haldis the corps jn fors' hele / and gude vertu /. and that makis gude blude - and blythe hert /- and clere witt / and fair' membris /- And alssua quhen ony persone has gude appetite till ete /- he suld nocht delay jt / gyf he mycht /- ffor ellis jn the tyme the stomak be the vertu attractiue drawis till jt syndry humouris and superfluiteis of nature le[{f{]t of the tothir degestioun - quhilkis ar' # vnkyndely till jt / and vnprouffitable / and fillis the stomak of the # froith of fantasy /- quhilk hynderis syne the appetite / quhilk & jt be contynewit grevis the nature gretely - and hynderis the growth - and rasis fumygaciouns and vapouris as reke quhilkis jndisponis the harnis - and stroublis the mynde and lettis man to slepe and rest / And syne jt yat men etis or # drinkis efter'wart / dois thame na prouffit / (^Here declaris^) the noble philosophour' of the four' rathis # of the +gere / that is for to say - ver' somer' - August and wynter' /- ver' estas autumpnus & yemps /- Oure entencioun is - faire sone Alexander' - to trete schortly here of the # four' sesouns of the +gere /. bathe of thair' qualiteis & quantiteis # and proprieteis /. and of thair' changeing and diuersiteis / Ande thar'fore thou sall vnderstand . yat the first of thir four' # tymes begynnis quhen the sone enteris jn a signe callit the Ram . & # jt begynnis the xxij day of marche / and lestis quhill the xxij # day of junij the quhilk [\119v\] tyme contenys four' skore and xiij dayes . xxij houris and a quarter of ane houre And than jn the first entre of that takyn callit the Ram / the day & the nycht # is ylyke lang jn all regiouns of the warld / And jn thai dayes the tyme is suete and moyste /. and the ayer' is mare soft / and # the

weder commonly mare plesant / na ony othir tyme of the +gere / And the wyndis ar mare lowin and mare dryand na jn winter' . and hardar' / And than the wellis begynnis till habound jn wateris and stryndis to spring /. and the flouris and leuis begynnis to burgeoun - and fruytis to grow /- and the treis to clethe thame with verduris and burgeouns /. and medowis worthis grene / and our'fret with diuers' naturis of colouris # of herbes and flouris and fair' fluris' of all fruyte / Treis than schawis thair' beauteis and thair' naturale flouris and # fairness' And all the erde becummys our'cled - with all maneris of herbes flouris and fruytagis of diuers' naturis /- and all # bestis and foulis takis thair' pasture of the said flouris and herbis # and fruytis and +geldis agayn thair' dueteis of nature to mankynde and all thing takis vertu force and strenthe /- and foulis # suetely singis with thair' melodious' armony . yat all hertis yat saule or lyf has ressauit / reioysis jn that tyme of fair' suete glorious' /. and fresche anournement - yat all the erde is enournyt with /- of beautee with gracious' bountee Annext efter' folowand Rycht as a faire and lusty spous' yat war' anournyt with anournementis of faire clething jn hir fresch +gong age /- And our' all grathit with precious' jowalis vchis and besantis /. and stately array - tobe . and appere mare fresche - & lusty the day of hir mariage /- and mare plesand till hir lordis sicht /- the quhilk suld mary hir' / the quhilk # is callit the prime temps . and is lyknit to the ayre / for caus' # yat jt is hate and moiste /. And jn this tyme the blude of man movis jt / and passis throu the condytis of the body to all the membris /- and makis all the cors mare vertuous' . and mare strenthy as all othir kynde of bathe foule fische & beste and makis gude complexioune And tharefore suld men jn this tyme of +gere . ete gude tender metis as cheknys and eggis / and sik lycht metis of degestioun /- and nocht our'mekle quantitee / ffor that tyme is hate and moiste /. and restorand of jt self # be nature And than suld men drink gayte mylk on mornis /. and efter' none drynk temperit drynkis with calde herbis with vynager . as is letus' purpy . penothis & syk like And jn that tyme is gude to trauaile / and gude to lat blude jn best of the +gere with counsale of medicyne / Alssua jt is rycht spedefull till haue the wambe than / moyste and laxatiue / and than is gude bathing ande sueting / jn tymes drynk gude maner' of drinkis

and vs' gude spicis nocht our'constrictiues bot laxatiues and nutritiues / and hald the wambe ay moiste // ffor jn that tyme / quhat euer' a man les' of his blude / or of his nature # or of his laxatiues /- the vertuous' sesoun with gude nutrimentis and gouernementis restoris naturaly all agayne (^Here declaris the noble philosophoure^) the kynde of the sesoun of Somer' /- that is . quhen the sonne enteris jn a # signe yat callit is the crab [\120r\] ffor as the crabbe gais be semblaunce bakwart /- Sa dois the sonne fra thynefurth - deualis agayne bakwart jn the firmament / and jt enteris and begynnis the xxiij day of juny /- and endis the xxiiij day of September' And fra jt entre the dayes schortis . and the nycht lenthis - and takis of the day his lenthing The space yat somer' contenis - is four' score and xij dayis - xxij houris - and a thrid part of ane houre / And than begynnis drouthis and grete hete of sonne to regne /- and wyndis softis . and # temperis than - And than is jt spedefull tobe resonable jn latis of lufing /- ffor all nature is than mare drawand to hete and drouthis na ony othir tyme of the +gere /- serpentis than genderis . venym than spredis /- and that tyme js naturaly drey and hate and clere jn the ayre / and fruytis and herbis than fadis and menys thair' vertues . And jn that sesoun . men shuld kepe thame fra all thing yat is hate & dryand jn eting & drinking and othir gouernaunce // for affermes all the uertues of corps naturale And than suld folk kepe thame yat thai ete nocht excedandly /- ffor the natural hete of the stomak is than waykar' na othir tymes . be caus' yat the tyme is hate - jt drawis the hete fra the stomak and leuis jt mare wayke of vertu degestiue /. And than suld men ete culand metis and drinkis and moiste and nocht dryand . with culand sals' of vert jus or vinager or sourokkis / And than is gude calf flesch or kid flesche foulis & bere caffit / or with grotis And kepe the than fra grete traualis yat hetis mekle and als fra baithing and # blude latting bot thare be rycht grete mister (^Here declaris the noble^) philosophour' of the thrid sesoun # yat is callit Autumpne yat we call hervist / the quhilk begynnis quhen the sonne enteris jn a signe callit the balance /. yat begynnis the xxiiij day of September' / and lestis quhill the xxiij day of the month of december the quhilk contenis four'

score & viij dais . xxiij houris & thre xv partes of an # houre /- And jn that begynnyng of tyme - the nycht and the day is ylike lang / and ay growis the nycht - and schortis the day to the # end of that terme And the ayre worthis cald /. and the wind sourar' / and cummys commounly out of the south - and the tyme changis - & wateris wanis and wellis stryndis lessis - and all growth gais bakwart / and all greness' away gais and herbis and flouris and fuellis rottis and drawis till a fadand hewe and the erde tynis his beautee / and the treis thair' clething / and the foulis thair' singing /- and sekis till hate landis and warmare regiouns and serpentis enteris jn thair' cauernis /. the emotis gaderis to thair' provisiouns for agaynis the wynter' to thair' nestis - the quhilk tyme is comperit till ane ald wyf gangand bakwart - jn the quhilk tyme thare haboundis jn men a thing callit colare nygre / yat drawis to malancoly And than is spedefull till haue all gude metis - hate and moiste ande nutrityues and confortand nature - as foulis +gong mutouns & capouns perdrix and phesandis calfis and kiddis - and sik gude kyndis of metis with gude hate spicis . drynk gude alde wynis ete rasyns and figgis with [\120v\] brede And than suld men tak gude tent yat thai # ete nathing yat engenderis malancoly or grete trauailis of body . noyand ./ and sparandly dele with paramouris . bot +git may thai thre tymes tak mare vnscathand / na jn the hete of somer' sesoun And than is spedefull to mak bathis and stovis / and purge the corps and the membris naturale mesurablye with drinkis or vomitis gif nede be /- and thou fele thy stomak foule / and that suld be done jn the hatast houre of the day /- ffor than sall the euill humouris be fundyn to geder - And than ar thai maist flowand / and redyast to lous' - and to pas out with lesse prouocacioun na othir tymes /- and ay hald the wame esy - and that will purge all colis / And than suld men ete all thing / yat war' gude to purge colis that is # malancoly / and restreyne gude humouris /- And than suld men haue gude warme clething and gude fyris /- (^Here declaris the noble^) philosophour the proprieteis and nature of the wynter' sesoun . Winter' begynnis quhen the sonne enteris jn the signe yat men callis . Sagittarius . that # is to saye . the bowman or the schutare the quhilk begynnis the

xxiij day of decembre / and lestis quhill the xxj day of marche /. And than begynnis the nychtis to schort /- and the dayes to lenth . And than is grete frostis and calde wederis /- and the wyndis ar' scharp and snell - and sare bytand /. And than all the leuis fallis - & the erde helis with snawis /- and all verdure is corrupt / and all bestis and foulis drawis thame till holis and boris & leuthing placis /- and the tyme is myrk and blak / and the air' stroublit // and all the vertues # of mannis corps & bestis worthis waykare and feblare . as ane ald wyf bludelas but naturale hete jn hir' / is calde and dry - nakit and trembland gray & gretand /- and all for elde drawand to the poynt of dede /- And that tyme thouche jt be calde - +git / js jt moyste / And than suld men ete the best # metis and drinkis yat thai mycht get hate and moiste to gender gude blude - to reconfourt nature as foulis mutoun fesandis perdrix . curleux paouns pluuaris fat capouns kyddis conyngis with gude bredis spicis and wynis the best . mycht be gottin with frituris of eggis / applis and peris - figgis rasyns datis almandis And euer' think on . to haue gude esy jssu of wame / and blede nocht but our' grete necessitee /- na to tak our' grete habundaunce of metis till ourset his hete of naturale degesti[{oun{] / And than suld men haue gude fyris to hete the ayre jn thair' habitaciouns / and nocht to halde thame our' # nere the fyris And efter' bathing thou suld be annoyntit with vnguementis ryalis as balmes or otheris the best mycht be gottyn hate laid on /- and frottit fast And bathe the nocht jn oure hate wateris . hatare na thine awin blude /- And than with syk gude gouernaunce mannis nature begynnis agayn to reuert / and all tree . herbe and beste the vertu begynnis to # to cum jn the Rute / And than may men mare tak plesaunce of naturale company of wommen - na ony othir tyme of the +gere /- wele ete . and wele drink / and rest / and be blythe - and mak joy - ffor than is the naturale hete vnyt jn the # body /. and makis mare vertuous' degestioun na ony othir tymes /- And than [\121r\] may a man ete fer mare na ony othir tyme of the +gere /. ffor jn all othir tymes the hete is mare / and scailis the natural hete our' all the body / and leuis lesse vertu jn # the stomak degestiue - ffor quhy . It may lesse degest &c

(^Here declaris the noble^) philosophour . quhat thingis ar # maist fattand and quhat maist lenand men of kyndis of metis - sayand thus to Alexander' Alexander' / fair' sone . jt is a precious' thing to be of gude abstinence / and to kepe wele dyete /. ffor quhen a man kepis dyete /- he kepis wele his naturale hete ffor quhen naturale hete is wele temperit jn # man . than is he jn gude disposicioun and at es' of his body - ffor thou sall vnderstand - yat be twa wayis men failis and gais to the dede /- that is to say ./ the tane is for elde / yat jn him naturaly mon fail+ge at the last / The tothir is -. be accidente .- yat is outhir of mysgouernaunce . of excess' - and for mystemperit complexioun - or for bataill - or othir misfortunis / of forfaulting yat man makis till him self jn his gouernaunce / And alsa wit thou yat the mannis body js nurist and fattit be thre thingis principale / that is to say - be pes and rest / and gude metis and drynkis - delytable & plesaunt And as for ane the suete mylk is rycht growand . to thame yat vsis jt / and syne to slepe efter' mete apon a soft bede /- Alssua # to fele gude sauourous' gustis - and sauouris of herbis metis and spicis efter' the sesoun -/ and to bathe jn fair' suete water' resonablye tane /. ffor our' hate water' - and our' lang tane - makis the corps lene and meltis the fatnes away be the hete excessiue / And jn thai bathis suld be gude precious' herbis / and wele sauourand jn thair' sesoun - yat is jn somer' - ros' & othir herbes of calde nature / And jn winter' with herbis yat ar' of hate nature And mycht a man fynd the way to mak vomytis anys or twys' euery moneth /- jt war' full spedefull . and namely jn the somer' tyme - but greuaunce of the stomak /- ffor syk maner' of vomytis purgis the stomak with less' wering na dois purgaciouns yat passis throu be art of medicynis of all euill humouris - ffor quhilum thare haboundis our' mony . and jn oure grete quantitee /- And quhen thai ar lessit be vomytis softly the naturale hete has mare force and vertu degestiue / na quhen thare is our' mekle haboundaunce of humouris yat fillis the stomak /- yat na perfyte degestioun may be maid /- And specialy syk vomytis suld be tane quhen princis or lordis war' blythe - and jn gude bones efter' grete joy . or grete victory /- or glore of disconfiture of his # jnymyes or othir wayis semblable / And that suld be with folk - yat he has maist grete fyance jn thame / And than efferis till a

prince /- and rycht prouffitable is - to behalde faire visagis # of folk and clethe him jn fair' clething //. here faire and gude Romaunce of ald ancestryis -/ and storyes of best and maist worthy men / here synging and menstralsy with all blythenes /- rede on gude bukis /- hald blythe collacioun /. change oft fair' clething /- vs' vnguementis oft tymes /- jn tyme conuenable / And traist wele yat this gerris a man be jn gude ply /- and the contrary puttis all out of ply /. As thus . lytill ete /- oft drynk - and mekle trauaill and lytill # resting / and oft tobe at the sonne and the wynde - & mak oft and ferr' voyagis on fut /- mekle thrist / mekle hunger' / mekle waking mekle murnyng /- mekle langing /. slepe before mete . bot he had wakit jn the nycht before / slepe on hard bedding /- jn foule clathis - haue euill clething on his body /- and # vnlikly / grete thouchtis annoyous' with drede of dede schame or pouertee /- bathing jn euill or foule wateris /- ete salt # metis / drynk our' alde drynk /- ga our' oft to chameris esis / our' # oft suete / our' oft blede /- our' oft [\121v\] haunt wommen / haue heuy hert / sad and dolorous' /- euer' thinkand and pensyf - and euer' jncontynent raddour and dises' / And traist wele thir thingis makis men lene / nocht than - sum ar lene of thair' nature /- Bot ypocras gave a reugle / sayand . yat quhen a man is rycht full - he suld nouthir gang jn bathis /- na he # suld nocht tak grete trauaile na hete him nocht / na he suld nocht haue na dale with wommen jn that tyme /. na ryn - na ryde fast And als he forbedis to ete fische and mylk togeder' /- and namely salmonde - ffor gif he escapis mysalry /- he sall haue the quhite spechis callit morphea / And rycht sa sulde men forbere wyne and mylk - for jt is stoppand . (^Here declaris the noble^) philosophour' ane othir poynt of medicyne till Alexander' king /- Alexander' faire sone /- we rede how a mychtj prince assemblit a grete men+ge of medicinaris and phisiciens /- and gert thame mak thair' studye to compone a medicine yat he suld vs' /- and neuer haue nede of othir quhill he lyvit And he gert assemble all the # medicinaris of ynde and of pers' . and of Mede and of Grece //- And the medicinare of grece said - yat lat a man tak his mouth full of clene water' twys' /- he suld neuer nede othir medicyne /- And the phisiciene of Mede said /- yat and a man wald ete a

mouthful of myllet / he suld neuer myster othir medicyne And jlkane of the tothir' said thair' verdyt as thame thocht best # to thame / Bot as for me . j say - yat jt semys me / yat a man yat lyvis sobirly lyf / and efter' slepis his naturale slepe but # gref /. Sa yat jn his wakenyng he be nocht paysaunt / na hevy /. na slepy than suld he nocht dout of no malady - And suppos' he ete jn the sesoun euery day - vij or viij besaunt weicht of rasyns /- that is to say - ane vnce weicht of rasins of gude rypenes . & suetenes - he suld nocht dout na maner' of wys' na malady fleumous' yat suld hurt his memoire / na his wit suld be werrid /- na his complexioun changit / And lat him vs' that // he salbe seker of all maladies / commouns feueres quartes na otheris /- And wald he ete figues with nutis jn the mornyng with a lytill of Rue / he suld haue na dout of venym that day /- And traist wele yat the man may nocht be with grete payn seke ryf / yat etis gude quhete brede / & gude lycht flesche /- and gude vnvicious' wynis - sa yat he vs' thame sobirly /- and yat he kepe him fra our' mekle drynking and eting /. and othir excess' /- as our' grete trauaill -/ our' # grete hete / our' grete calde /- our' mekle company of wommen And gif a man thocht yat wyne war' our' stark drynk till him - and he wald leve jt / and drynk nomare of jt / he suld nocht leue # jt at anys sudaynly /- bot he sulde leue it lytill and lytill jn # the begynnyng fra stark wyne to wayke wyne /. fra wayke wyne to wyne and water' / fra wyne and water' - till all water' or cerueis' or othir drink yat changit nocht his complexioun sone /. bot yat he fell nocht jn maladye for that occasioun sudane /- O souerane king Alexander' /- study jn all maneris yat thou may to kepe thy naturale hete jn to thy body /- ffor quhill naturale hete and moisture is jn thy body jn temperance evynly paissand /- the mannis persone is jn hele /- ffor mannis hele consistis jn thir twa qualiteis And quhen thir twa ar' flemyt or discordand /- or ane of thame excedis jn mannis persone /- than is the complexioun changit / and all the nature changit / & corrumpit nature jn the man - makis him till haue repugnaunce jn his qualiteis /- the quhilkis cummys sumquhile for accidence /- and sum quhile for batailles or mysgouernaunce of othir thingis yat cummys be fortune / and nocht be naturale contrarietee of complexioun

(^Here declaris the^) noble philosophour /. quhat kynde of # metis ar maist [\122r\] expedient for the mannis persone / efter' # thair' naturis and qualiteis as thus /. Alexander' faire sone / wit thou / yat of metis thare is sum yat is sutile / and othir yat # is rude / and othir yat ar' mydlinis /- the sutil metis engenderis gude blude clere and clene & subtil as clene quhete brede /. chekinis wele nurist and eggis of hennis /. The royde metis ar gevin to rude men and hate of complexioun trauailand . quhilkis efter' grete trauailis playis thame /. and slepis # efter' nonis /. the mydlyns metis engenderis na superfluiteis of euill humouris - as calf flesche mutoun geldit +gong and elder . and syk maneris of fleschis . quhilkis quhen men rostis thame - # thai ar' hate and dry /- And thar'for' suld mutoun ay be etyn hate / and with gude spicis Bot thare is ane othir kynde of flesche . as bef & yhow mutoun . or gayte flesche yat engenderis malancoly . Neuertheles - thare is sum of thai bef flesche & otheris yat quhen thai ar' of a litill stature / and corpolent # and +gong / & fat / and wele nurist be a ryuer syde of tender herbe lignye of haire and thin of hyde / syk flesche of cow or calf # ar naturale & gude jn wodland vpbrocht / And rycht sa is jt of fysche - ffor sum fische is nurist jn water' yat is myngglit fresche & salt / ar mare helesum . na othir' yat is gouernyt jn the grete see / or jn the lytill wateris all fresch yat ar' of ligny skyn - nocht slymy /. and quhite fysche of tender degestioun . and namly jn rynnand wateris nurist /. and the grettest is ay best of fische / And commonly the best fische has the maist hard skyn . as is gueddis perchis - bremes lussis - rougettis sturis and syk lyke (^Here spekis^) the noble philosophour' of syndry kyndis of wateris and thair' nature / Alexander' fair' sone . that water' is of his nature calde and moiste and gyfis na nurising till # man na beste /. bot his nature is sutile / & rynnis throu the # condytis of the body . and refreschis the condicioun and complexioun of man / and culis thame yat ar' hate and temperis thair' # hete /. And traist wele yat water' is prouffitable till bathe man and beste /- herbes and treis /- And wit thou yat all wateris . bathe salt water' and suete water' cummys out of the see /. # that is to say . the salt water' is the propre element / and the fresche water' is vpliftit fra It / be vertu of the hevin / and

descendis agayn jn rayn . snaw haile /- or othir moisture and rynnis jn the erde / and genderis thir fontaynes /- of quhilkis cummys the ryueris of fresche wateris / And wit thou wele yat the maist licht wateris ar ay the best and maist prouffitable # to mankynde /. And thai cummis maist nere citeis and townis yat ar' rynnand wateris . cummand of rayn quhen the aire is suete & but fumositeis clere and fyne / & fair' suete & lycht Othir wateris ar' naturaly engendred vnder' erde within craggis & caues jn the erde amang stanis and grauellis and full of grete fumositeis And sum may be knawin be thair' weight and hewe / and be thair' sauour' as bryntstane And jn sik wateris ar' oft tymes engenderit serpentes and paddokis snakis & euill bestis venymous' /. And alsa the slepand wateris of lowis but rynnyng / or of dubbis of sypis fra townis . and syk like wateris ar nocht helesum . na prouffitable / na +git the # wateris yat cummys fra muris and myris and marrais /. And thar'fore to ken gude wateris thir ar the takenis /. the gude water' js # jn gude place tane /. as before j haue said /. quhite and clere / wele [\122v\] gustit and licht / and sone will be hate and sone cule agayne to the propre kynde / Bot euill wateris ar hevy paysand . and euill hewit / and euill gustit / and lang to tak hete / and quhen thai ar' hate langar haldis thair' hete / And thai ar bitter and barkand jn the mouth /. and dryand and suelland jn the body / & makis mekle wambe to beste or man . yat vsis thame ./ water' of pulis and dubbis ar' hate jn somer' / and dry and bytter . for caus' thai ryn nocht /. and # the sonne strykis on thaim all the day . And thar'for' thai engenderis euill collis yat byndis mannis body and mystemperis jt /. oft tymes gerris the longis cleve to the # ribbis of catalle & folk / and stoppis thame within . outhir jn # lichtis or lyuer or melt / (^jtem^) the wateris yat cummis betuix # landis rynnand takis the nature of the landis yat jt rynnis throu jn sum party /. and ar hate and sekely be the vnkynde nature of the terrestreyteis of thame yat thai tak of that erde / And wit thou Alexander' yat jt is nocht spedefull to drynk water' allane /- ffor and thou drynk jt fastand / jt slokis the # naturale hete of thy stomak / And drynk thou jt apon thy mete / jt # gerris the stomak throu the nature of the mete draw ane vnkyndely hete yat hinderis the degestioun and genderis euill fleumes jn the stomak / & destroyis the vertu of the mete jn the stomak

yat hynderis the nature / and spillis degestioun and jndisponis the stomak / And gif thou will drink water' - drink jt with thy wine And drink jt jn somer' all calde / and jn wynter' hete # jt /- and put jn thy wyne and than is jt confortand - ffor hate jn somer' softis the stomak and makis jt mare feble and hynderis the degestioun and stroyis the appetite / and calde water' jn wynter' slokis the naturale hete of the stomak yat suld mak degestioun and genderis stopping jn the breste / & noyis the longis & engenderis mony maladyes (^Here spekis^) the noble philosophour' of the syndry kyndis of wynis and of thair' naturis and proprieteis efter' thair' condiciouns and placis of thair' grouth /- Alexander' fair' sone - thou suld vnderstand yat the wyne yat growis jn mountaynes agaynis the sonne ar' mare dryand - and of dry nature / na the wynis yat growis jn playne landis or moystis and vnder' vmbris of treis And thir wynis yat growis thus jn hye landis ar' better na the tothir / ffor thai wynis expellis # the superfluiteis of nature / and hetis better the stomak and all # the body - na dois the tothir kynde of wyne yat is of caldar' kynde Bot this hate wynis ar nocht gude for +gong hate men - of hate blude . ande till men yat ar' of nature colerykis And ay the mare yat the wyne haue of redenes . jn samekle js jt of mare vertu till engender blude naturale And ay the mare stark It be /. the mare vertuous' js jt to thame yat may bere jt And than js jt callit the first blude / and the first nurisching of nature Bot he yat our' lang drynkis /- and our' mekle takis he hynderis his nature and stroyis his complexioun / And quhen jt is our' suete /- jt is nocht sa degestiue and engenderis ventositeis / Bot of all wynis the best ar' thai yat growis # betuix the hye and the lawe jn mydlyn erde - that is nouthir our' hye na our' law erde /- and yat the rasyns be jn mydlyn way of suetenes and lattyn rype quhill all the bitternes and sour'nes be away be the vertu of the sonne / and the humouris of the bark / and the bitternes of the [\123r\] curnis and gude # colour' js evyn betuix rycht rede and +galow . yat is claret wyne / yat # is mare helesum till all complexioun /. nocht our' poignand na our' suete / bot delytable of hewe and gust / clere but the moder' scailde chosin be the odour' colour' & sauour' ground and nature /. And gif thou hapnis faire sone Alexander' to get

syk maner' of wyne / se yat thou tak sobyrly of It / efter' thyne age / and efter' the tyme of +gere /- and the # disposicioun of the sesoun / ffor syk wynis confourtis the stomak / and # helpis to the naturale hete / and to the gude degestioun . and kepis # the stomak fra all corrupcioun - & gydis jt better throu the wayis of the natural condytis - and sendis jt to the membris of the body . quhare nature has ordanyt / and conuertis the metis soner jn substance & blude & flesche na othir wyne dois / and gerris jt serue better to the necessiteis of the disposicioun # of the harnis with a temperit hete /. and amendis the wit / and # the mynde of the man . and makis a man mare wys' and seure jn his witt / with discrecioun and resoune and blithis the hert / and makis gude hew vermylioun . and reddis the rutis of the toung and gerris a man speke clerely and redly /. and puttis vane thouchtis fra a man /- makis man hardy / and gevis him gude appetite / and mony othir prouffitable thingis dois yat mannis witt may nocht comprehende to count yat resoun and temperaunce accordis - And quhasa euer' drynkis wyne jn our' mekle habundance /- thareof cummys mony maladyes . and othir mysgouernaunces /- ffor It stoppis the wittis of # man . and hynderis the knaulage / jt stroublis the harnis /. waykis the vertues naturale corporale & spirituale and lettis the operaciouns of the body /- and makis man tobe vnthochtfull of his honour and proffit/ for+gettand / and hurtis and woundis # the fyve wittis yat gouernis the man - and makis him all othir jn his complexioun naturale /- and gerris him quhilum his membris tremble /- quhilum thai engender jn him othir maladies jncurables /- and takis fra him gude appetite /- and makis the body wayke /. And the eyne wayke and goirry / and jllumynis the fyre to bryn the lyuer throu the colis yat is # callit blak colle /- jn latyne colera nigra /- and makis the blude # our' rude / and grete and hevy /. and gerris his hert be our'set # with hevy blude /- quhilk genderis jn man raddour slombering efter' mete with fantasies & fleying jn dremys and hevynes of malancoly of misgouernance and mistemperance of metis and drynkis quhilkis corrumpis mannis naturale sede /- quhilkis engenderis quhilum generacioun hable till all maladies throu abhomynable gouernaunce of thair' stomak / bathe till perlesyis mysalries - podagris cankeris festres / And thar'fore sais the medicines / yat quhasa takis our' mekle of the stark

wyne /- he takis als mekle venym /- And sa suld all men kepe thame to tak our'mekle wyne /- quhethir jt be gude or euill - for all noyis the nature /- ffor venym is comperit proprely to a spice callit Reu barbaris - the quhilk is the propre hele of the lyuer quhen jt is brynt with blak coleris - Bot +git may # men tak samekle of jt / yat thai may tak thair' dede / quhen thai excede our' outrageously / And alssua js gude wyne / quhilk is conseruatour of mannis lyf / and his hele comperit to venym of serpentis and of edderis / of the quhilkis is maid the # triacle of the quhilk is maid a generale medicyne to hele all maladies of poysoun and venym - sa precious' js jt our' all medicyne agayn poysoun and venym - Bot nocht gaynstandand yat the serpent beris nocht all the poysoun na venym yat all men yat ar' poysound ar' poysound throuche /- no mare dois the wyne /- Bot quhasa our' mekle takis of the wyne / quhilk is lyf and hele to mankynde / +git sall jt be till his nature as # poysoune till vndo him &c [\123v\] (^Here declaris the noble^) the maneris of baithis and # of stovis /- ffair' sone Alexander' wit thou wele - yat stoving and bathing is as a miracle of conseruacioun of mankynde jn this warld . quhasa dois jt at poynt / the quhilk suld be maid and ordanyt efter' the quatertemps of the +gere /- ffor the # cald is comperit to the wynter' /- and the warme and the moiste to the prime temps yat is callit ver' and the hete to the somer' / and the dry to the hervyst / And thar'for' thare mon be grete consideracioun to mak wele a bathis or a stovis /- ffor men sulde ordane four' chaumeres jlkane besyde othir be ordre /- of the quhilkis the first suld be callde / the secound warme / as leuke hate the thrid hate / and the ferde dry /- And quhen the man suld stove him . he suld first entre the first chaumer yat is calde / and syne to the tothir yat is warme /- and syne # to the hate and wete / and syne to the warme and dry /- and jn jlkane byde a quhile be ordre yat sudaynly he war' nocht our' tane with vnkyndely hete or calde yat walde put him jn a mystemperance perilous' / And with that he suld nocht sudaynly passe out / bot be ordre /. ffor quhen man passis sudaynly fra grete hete to grete caulde he may nocht fail+ge to fall jn ane jnconuenient // And traistis wele / syk thing sulde # be maid jn a hate place quhare thare war' gude ayer' And yat jt

had a grete fournas gevand the hete jnwarde / bot ye mouth of jt / suld be frawart the place of the stove to send the lowe # fra the stove / And jt suld be lawe sett nere a water' of fresche water' / And thare suld be fair' herbaris with herbis of # diuers' naturis /. faire and vertuous'/ gaynand for bathis efter' the sesoun of jlke bathing and stoving tyme / And efter' the stoving and bathing / men suld sytt on fair' bynkis jn thai herberis /. and our'strynklit with ros' wateris his face and handis and templis /- and frottit and rubbit his fete and his handis / and othir parties of his body / at his desyre and appetite with a faire lynnyn towale / apon a fair' fut schete / quhite and clene / And sa sulde he gang jn the water' - and wesche him agayn of all thai superfluiteis / And sa pas orderly fra chaumer to chaumer / quhill he be wele culit / of his grete hete / and syne efter' / at the last tyme /- he suld efter' all # his stoving and wesching be kembyt his haire and his body anoynt / with suete balmes - or othir vnguementis - precious' and conuenable / gaynand for the sesoun - And ay quhill he be wele culit at his es' /- he suld occupy him jn syk delicious' esementis - and culand spicis - quhill he war' culit at all es' /- And gif he war' be ony cas' our' calde /- he suld vs' a serop calefactiff / and of ane electuare mustakit / And syne efter' thou sulde tak a lytill licht repast / of degestable # mete /. and drink of a fyne small plesand wyne / temperit with water' / and syne pas till a fair' bed - wele grathit with sauourous' clathis and clene / and slepe a gude fully slepe / a gude lang quhile /- ffor sik gouernaunce restoris agayn yat thou has tynt jn sueting /- And syne efter' that / all the remaynand of the day thou suld conuert jn joy - and solace / and blythnes /- and jn repos' /- ffor that day is ordanyt for a day of blithnes and es' of bodily hele / and restoring of nature /- and to purge the corps - and the blude fra perilis # yat may fall for excess' jn tyme bygane / and misgouernaunce of mannis persone /- Bot quhen thou art alde & waykar' of nature /- thou suld kepe the yat thou byde nocht sa lang tharejn . Bot tak efter' thy qualitee thy refectioun and purgacioun /. And gyf a man be wayke ande alde / jt may suffice him tobe tharejn - quhill he haue suett a lytill // and syne weschin him . And gyf a man be corssy /- and

fleumatyk /- kepe him yat he ga nocht tharejn . efter' mete / bot ay fastand - yat he haue nouthir etyn na dronkyn &c [\124r\] (^Here^) spekis the noble philosophour of justice yat efferis till a prince /- Alexander' fair' sone thou suld vnderstand . yat the vertu of justice js the fairest vertu yat # is jn a prince / and ane of the proprieteis of the hye and glorious' almychtj god /. And thar'fore suld na realmes be gevin jn gouernaunce to nane / bot to thame yat war' fulfillit of # vertues to gouerne the peple / and namely jn to justice / And proprely to thame yat god has stablist to the go[{uer{]naunce of the peple / and chosyn . as he yat may and can be abone his dedis & chargit till his gouernaunce of his puple /. yat bathe can . may and will bathe kepe and defende and manetene his gudis - his werkis & dedis /- and his subiectes as dois god him self jn all cheritee lautee - justice /- and equitee /- And thar'fore # js a king lyknyt to god ffor he is / as depute and mynister to # god // and suld folow him - and be lyke him - & conforme him till him jn all his dedis of justice vertu / and veritee /. ffor all the gouernaunce and ordinaunce of the warld - js gouernyt manetenyt & vphaldin be justice jn perfyte ordre of equitee / lufe / and charitee /- And alssua hevyn & erde was maid and ordanyt throu justice /- And be justice the kingis and princis ar' ordanyt to gouerne realmes and peple /- ffor justice our' cummys all othir thingis /- and saues the saules and the bodyes of all creaturis fra vice and corrupcioun /- ffor # justice is the forme and the foundement yat god the glorious' has sett to gouerne all his creaturis to drawe thame till him at the # last / And thar'fore suld all princis and kingis folow his steppis /- and sett thame to conforme thame till his condiciouns /- ffor # as sais the men of ynde /- A king yat regnis jn justice equitee & lautee is prouffitable till his peple /- ffor of him cummys plentee and welth jn his realme - And +git thai say mare /- yat a just king is better - na the dew of the nycht yat gerris the fruyte and corne growe /. ffor he sauues be justice bathe the gudis and mennis lyfis . And the dew bringis bot the tane /- that is to say the fruytis - (^jtem^) the peple of ynde gert # put jn writt / yat a king rychtwis' and just / may be comperit the wit of man ffor as the wit of man - throu his discrecioun discernis betuix all causis /- and jugis the rycht / Sa suld a rychtwis'

king /- And alssua Alexander' . thou suld vnderstand / yat thare is twa maneris of justice /- that is . ane opyn - ane # othir couert /- Iustice clere & opyn that is jt / yat apperis jn dede and werkis lelely and justly paysit / with a gude wit and vnderstanding / The tothir couert justice / is - jn a gude # jugis mynde / and jn his hert nocht schawin out / that is veritee and lautee / yat lurkis jn his hert / yat apperis nocht outwart to mannis sycht /. bot quhen him lykis to schawe jt / his just & rychtwis' wordis . And syk a prince as this yat has bathe justice jn hert and jn dede /- resemblis and is like to the glorious' god almychtj - And quhat prince or king yat has nocht this souerane vertu jn dede and jn hert /. he is nocht # king na prince /- bot he is contrarious' to kingis and princis /- ffor proprietee is - to king or prince tobe just /- Or ellis he declynis fra the proprietee of princehede /- and fra the glorious' god - of quham he tuke that office /- And waryid is of his peple / suppos' he wate jt nocht /. And wenand to blyndfell god . with fals' semblande of justice /. wenand to ger' his peple trow / yat he war' rychtwis' - nocht doand the rycht werkis /- And +git is thare ane othir maner' of justice betuix a man - and his creatoure god almychtj - that is deferrit / quhill the vterest terme /. quhilk justice men suld nocht for+gett / And thai be wys' - And thar'fore faire sone Alexander' - do justice jn this warlde here / and thou sall # fynd it before the thare jn the warlde of warldis . ffor quhen thou kepis justice amang thy subiectis / thou dois to thy self / and to thy [\124v\] souerane lord god almychty /- the quhilk sall mak jnterrogacioun of all princis dedis of justice straytelyar' na # of othir mennis dedis / and salbe fer' sairar' punist of thaire faultis (^Here declaris the noble philosophour - how^) a man suld ken hym self / and namely a prince /. And how he yat kennis wele him selff kennis wele all othir thingis of the warld . As # thus - Alexander' fair' sone /. gif thou will knaw all thingis /- and # all science and all veritee / Thou mon first wit how noble / and how worthy thy saule is /- and thy lyf / Sa yat thou coud gouerne jt / and lede jt the wayis quhare jt suld passe be # rycht and resoun - And to the end - quhareto jt is ordanyt / And quhen thou sall haue knaulage of this /- thou sall lychtly

knawe all othir thingis yat thou lykis to witt /. And fyrst # thou suld vnderstand yat the grete god makare and gouernoure of all thingis ./ has gevin to man and woman thair' v. wittis to gouerne thaim with // and to knaw all erdely thing -/ And thus counsale j the / yat for the gouernaunce of thy contree /- yat thou haue fyve souerane baillies gouernouris vnder' the /. and fyve counsailouris seueralie deuisit jlkane besyde othir / Bot euer' halde jn thy hert / thy secrete thingis . yat thou # thinkis to do /- and schaw jt neuer to nane of thame /- na lete nocht yat thou wald ask counsale at thame /- Na lat thame neuer haue a fele jn quham thou fyes the maist /- na quhais counsaile of thame thou wald erest traist jn /- and folow to do /. ffor and thou do that / the laue sall pris' the /- the lesse / and lufe the /- the wer' / And als that man yat wist / yat thou wald maist folow his counsail . suld pride him tharejn - and perauenture rus' him thareof /- and thou suld be the mare lychtlyit / & lesse lattyn of /- jn all thy contree /- Bot ask thair' opyniouns and here gladly jlkane of thame be thame self seueraly - and trete jn to thy hert / and cast all thair' counsailis jlkane till othir' jn thy mynde /- and wey thame as thou thinkis the caus' requeris /- with thair' jugementis and opyniouns / And syne ches' be thyne awin wit / the best / or at the leste the lykliest for thy prouffit // and the commoun prouffit of thy realme /- And to that / sais the wys' philosophour' hermogenes /- yat the counsale of him yat gevis the counsale - the quhilk is done and put jn execucioun is better - and his wit mare prisit / na his wit yat askis the counsaile /- and his jugement mare commendit /- And the caus' quhy is /- be caus' yat he ordanis his dedis efter' the counsale yat is gevin him - and nocht be his awin witt /- And than may all men see yat his dede hingis jn the counsail of # that man /- and nocht jn him self /- And thus the conclusioun of his jugement suld depend apon otheris na him selff quhilk war' a lak till his honoure /- and mysprising till his witt /. And thar'fore quhen thou askis at thy counsailouris thair' opyniouns /- jt is loving yat thou here thame diligently - and seueralie jlkane efter' othir' jn thy presence /. and melle # nocht thair' sawis togeder' - na lat nane othir persone cum amang thame jn the tyme /- bot anerly thame self /- And tak gude tent with all thy diligence - quhais sawis accordis togidder' /- and

quhais discordis and jn quhat poyntis /- And tak that with the jn wrytt /. and lat it degest [\125r\] jn thy mynde / And mend It - gif thou can better to thy purpos' - And syne thou sall assemble thame agayn quhen thou art avisit / and geve out thy conclusioun Ande thus sall thy wit be commendit / And thou lovit / and doubtit / And gif jt befallis yat thai all togeder' # be ane accorde geve the a sudayn ansuere /- than suld thou furthwith . myslowe that ansuere /. and sett jt at nocht / be # gude resouns yat thou has studyit jn that jlke mater' before or thou put jt jn thair' questioune ffor sudayn ansuere mycht neuer be gude /- And thus sall thai be better avisit /. and tak layser' # to ansuere the mare murely and ryply ane othir tyme /- and nocht ansuere sa hastily / And thai and all otheris sall love the # mare /. and pris' thy wis'dome /- and hald the for the maist discrete / and wis' man of all thy counsale - And thus quhen thou has provit thame lang /- and knawin thaire counsaile gude and trewe / bathe jn word and dede /. ger' halde thame as syk wys' men /- and do thame honour and prouffit / Bot schaw neuer thame thy purpos' /. na the opynioun yat to thy purpos' maist acordis /- quhill thou mak jt knawin jn dede be execucioun /- Bot euer' think on - diligently /- and bere with the away . quha best contynewis jn his trew and gude counsaile vnfeynyngly and gais the maist rycht way - And he yat tuichis nerest the quhite / and best gais nere the merche - And be that sall thou knawe /. quha best lufis the / & the prouffit of thy realme . and thyne honour /: and thy gude gouernaunce / And quhen thou has lang provit that persone /- and fyndis him euer' traist /- than may thou mare seur'ly and traistly /. and # hardily commytt thyne honour jn his cure and jn his counsail traist /- And mare na ony of the lave yat thou fyndis nocht sa traist / na sa rype wittit / sa hye sett for thine honoure / and sa diligent / Bot of na prys lat thame neuer wit / quham thou traistis maist na maist lufis . na put nocht the tane of thair' counsailis jn commendacioun opinly /. furtherlyar' na the tothir -/ ffor that sall rais' enuy and despyte / bot hald # 'thame evynly togeder' - and honoure thame at all thy gudely power' / ffor thare is nane sa redy destructioun na freting of a kingis honour' and the destructioun of his realme as to wyrk the contrair' of this yat j haue said the /. And traist wele / # quhen thi counsailouris has jlkane envy at othir / thy worschip is jn

were / and the destruccioun [^ / BEFORE cioun^] of the and thy # realme approchis nere /. ffor quhen thai haue enuy jlkane apon othir / than sall thai sett jlkane for otheris vndoyng / secretly . gif thay dar' nocht opynly /. And than sall all the laue bot that ane or twa # yat thou folowis thair' counsaile / hate the dedely /. And thus genderis diuisioun . and efter' diuisioun desolacioun /- ffor than sall thai fynd occasiouns of malice and of fedis / quhilk sall strouble the and thy realme - and bring jt sone doune to distructioun [^RATIS RAVING AND OTHER EARLY SCOTS POEMS ON MORALS. WITH AN APPENDIX OF THE OTHER PIECES FROM CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY MS. KK.1.5, NO. 6: THE VERTEWIS OF THE MESS. ED. R. GIRVAN. SCOTTISH TEXT SOCIETY, THIRD SERIES, 11. EDINBURGH 1939. PP. 192.11-194.24^]

[}7. THE VERTEWIS OF THE MESS.}] Her begynnis the Vertewis of the mes~, apprewyt be the haly wryt, baith be our lord Ihesu cristis wordis, and vthir haly sanctis and doctouris of +te cristyne faith. And fyrst & formest. Sanct paul sais that rycht as our Ihesu cryst is mar worthi and mar precious~ than ony vthir creatur that god maid, sa is +t=e= mes~ mar worthi and mar precious~ than~ ony vthir oresone or sacrifice that may be said or maid in this # erd. Item, sanct barnard sais that It is mar spedfull, neidful # and profitabile to the manis saul-heill to her mes~ with clen hart # & gud deuocioun~e, na for to gif for +te luf of god +te price of # sa mekile land as a man may ourgang quhill the mes~ is in doinge. Item, our lord Ihesu crist sais that quhat-sum-euir thing +tat men~ with clen~ hart and gud deuocion~e askis at the mes~ in thar praieris, It salbe grantyt thaim or ellis bettir and # mar prophitabile thing na thai ask hyme be mekill. Item, (\quicquid orantes petitis etc\) . Item, sancte Ierom~e sais that till here mes~ with clen hart and gud dewocioun~e garris the saulys that he prays for feil na payne in purgatory quhil that mes~ is in doinge.

Item, sanct ancelyne sais that to her a mes~ with clen~ hart and gud deuocioun~e, or gar say a mes~ in a manis lyf, is mar meritabile till his saul-heill na that his executoris or # frendis gart say I=M= mess~ for hym~e eftir at he be ded. Item, sanct ambros~ sais that quhat-euir met or drink a person~e tak eftir mes~ profitis hym~e mar till his heil and # lang lyf, na It that he ettis befor mes~. Item, sancte augustine sais that for al the tyme +tat a # person~e be at +te mes~ he standis in sted and eildis nocht, bot haldis hym in the samyn +gouthed he was in quhen he com~e to +te mes~. Item, the samyne sanct Augustyne sais that the tyme of +te mes~ that a man heris lenthis his lyf sa lang mar na he suld leif and he hard na mes~ in his lyf. Item, os aurij sais that quhat woman that takis hir childbed that day that scho has hard mes~, scho sal ber hir birth with les~ payne & dolour na scho had nocht hard mes~ that day. Item, sanct louk sais that quhat person~e hapnis to deces~ # +te day that thai here mes~, thai sal be reput and don~e with, as langand +te dewyteis of haly kyrk, as thai had tan~e al +t=e= sacramentis of haly kirk that day. Item, sancte matho sais that the tym~e that a person~e heris mes~, thai sall fal in na dedly syne, and all waneall syn~is # sal be forgewyne thaim throw the wertew of the mes~. Item, sancte gregore sais that fore ilke mes~ that is said deuotly, sindry saulys ar deliuiryt and fred out of +te payne # of purgatory, & mony levand men ar turnyt fra +tar ill lyf to gud lyf for euir. Item, sanct augustyne sais that the gud angell that kepis # +te manis saul comptis wp and wrytis al the steppis at A man makis to the mes~, and fore ilkan~e of thaim god sal reuard her of hyn~e. Item, sancte gregore sais that the day that a person~e heris mes~ deuotly, & at the sicht of the sacrament sais his # paternostere, he sal nocht that day want his levyng sufficiantly. Item, sancte beid sais that suppos a man her mes~ or gyf

almus in deidly syne, or vthir gud dedis, It profytis hym~e to thre thingis. It kepis hyme fra misaduenturis and perellis to cum, and garis hym~e be mare abile to rys~ out of his syn~e, & gif he pass~ to hell, It lesys his panis thar. Item, sancte Augustine sais that the day that a man seis godis body and makis his prayaris to hym~e deuotly, he sal nocht that day tyne his sicht. Item, sancte Augustyne sais that the day that a man sal here mes~ with clen hart & gud deuocioun~e, he sal nocht de of # a sudane ded. Item, sanct augustyne sais that for +te tym~e of the mes~, suppos~ +te ewill spreit be in a man synfull, that in the tyme that he seis the haly sacrament +t=e= evil spret fleis out of # +te man fore the tym~e of +te mes~. Item, os aurij sais that the mes~ is als worthi as +te self # ded and pascioun~e of cryst quhen It was don~e of deid proprely. Item, sancte Augustine sais that in the tym~e of the mes~ # the hewyne opnys, the angel discendis and beris cumpany to +tat haly sacrament. Item, sancte gregore Sais that the cloud Settis his besynes to here mes~, and fail+geis nocht in hyme, he sal have the meid as he had hard mes~ and he be one fors~ ore vthir-ways haldin thar-fra. [^LATIN OMITTED^] [^RATIS RAVING AND OTHER EARLY SCOTS POEMS ON MORALS. WITH AN APPENDIX OF THE OTHER PIECES FROM CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY MS. KK.1.5, NO. 6: DICTA SALOMONIS. ED. R. GIRVAN. SCOTTISH TEXT SOCIETY, THIRD SERIES, 11. EDINBURGH 1939. PP. 177.1-192.10^]

[} (\6. DICTA SALOMONIS.\) }] Kynge Salomone sais in his buk of his contemplacion~e and detestacion~e of this warld, that al this warld is bot Vanite of vanites, specialy of all lawbore that man makis to conquest riches and landis in this warld wyth al besy cure, nocht wytand quha sal Iois~ thai landis and gudis eftir hyme, quhilk is gret vanite. Item he sais, a generacion~e passis, an~ o+tir cumys; the Riches # rottis, the erde Remanis euirmare vnremouabile; the son~e rysis in the est and gays to in the west, and ay cumys agan~e tyll his awn~e place quhar he rais~, And sua serclis the erd about in al artis anis euery day, putand spreit in all that lyf beris throwe wertew gewyne to It of the makar of hewyne. Item, al fludis enteris in the sey, and the seye +geldis neuir thai # fludis agane in fludys, bot neuir-theles~ the son~e throw his gret wertew drawis vp fra +te seye the fresch wattir agane, that be the wertew of the hevyn ourstrenklys the erde and caus~ grouthe to be in erde, ande caus~ reueris~ to Ryne apone the erde, that wyth help of spryngis of wellis in cragis and # montanis to serve the pupill & vtheris levand bestis of the erde. And schortly to say, thar is na wyt of man that can ymagyne na dewys~ to gyf a reson~e for al thingis that god has maid in this erde, / quharfor thai ware maid. Item he sais that manis sicht nore his en~e may nocht be full assithit of the thingis # that are in this warld, na his eris of hering. Item he sais, quhat is It that is bot It at before was the samyne thing, and quhat is It that was of before bot It that is now in erde, that is to say of the samyne kynd and natur, bot nocht in singular propire person~e. Na thar is na-thing of the nev maid that was nocht of before in the first creation~e, na na man may say of ony thing that now is, that this is a new thinge and fresch naturall that neuir was befor in the warld. Item he sais, thar

is lytill in mynd of men that now ar, as of thingis that was befor our days in auld elderis tymis, na sall nocht be in the myndis of thaim that is to cum eftir ws, of thing that sal be don~e in our days, that is to say, with tham~e that sal occupye the warld. / Item he sais, I, the makare of this buk, in the # tyme that I was king in Ierusaleme, proponit in my mynd till inquer and leir and wysly to sek with my wyt of al thingis that was wndir the son~e, the quhilk was the werst occupacion~e that man in erd mycht set hym Fore, or at god gave manys sone in erd to Ioy hyme in, ore to trauell his wyt in til occupy and waist his wyt that god has gevyne hyme in syk wanyte. For quhen I had al considiryt that is in this warld wndir the sone, I fand al bot wayn~e and wanite and afflixoune of manys mynd, but ony durable profyt. Item he sais that frawart men and hard to coryke and that of fulys the maner is but end Infinyte; and than I said to my-Self, lo, how I am~e maid so hye & mychtty, and in wyt and wysdome I precellyt al vthir princis that ware befor me in Ierusalem, and had # contemplacioun~e in my mynd of mony syndry thingis in this warld, and with hie wisdome & contemplacioune leryt thaim and considerit, and specialy of prudens, doctrin~e and techinge of wysdom~e, & to fle erour and fullis; And fand that in syk thinge is gret lawbore & afflixon~e of spreit, and at in mekile wysdome is mekile Indignacion~e, and quha-sa ekis sciens till hyme, ekis hyme mekile payne and sorow. Item, than said I to my-self in my mynd, now wyll I pas and flow in all # welthfulnes & delytis and oys~ al gudly thingis that in this warld I may fynd, & in that I fand bot al wayne and vanite, and reput blythnes & lauchinge, gret erour, and than said, Ioy, quhy dissauis +tow me? Item, I said in my mynd and thocht that I suld absten me fra vice, & at I suld set al my hart to wysdome and vmbechow all erouris and foleys, quhill I saw quhat war maist spedfule to manis son~e in erde. Item, quhen I had al thingis considirit, I fand at this was ane of the # maist

spedfull thingis Fore manis son~e in this erd wndir the hewyne, that euery man haf in mynd the dait of his dais and of the schort tyme that he has here to byd, and spend It weill in gud oys~. Item, I magrifyit my werkis makand castellis and vall-townis, orchardis with all froyt treis of diuers~ kyndis, erbys & plantis, I maid stankis to fisch, and wattiris to Ryne in wodis and medewis and mak grouth to Rys~. Item, I had in howss~ women and men seruandis, with gret famell to do my verkis of my possession~s, with hyrdis of catell and # multitud of corn~e at-our al thaim tat was befor me in ierusalem. Item, I maid hurdis of gold and tresore, of al the michtis of princis that was befor me in ierusalem, with al delytis and plesans of women sangstaris and o+tir delytis that manis son~e mycht have in erd, with Iowellis of al fynest mettallis of all # fasson~s, plesand with precious stanis, & weschell thar-of to be seruit witht, baith of wyne and dante metis, sa that I excedit in Riches al that vare befor me in ierusalem. And +ghit for al # this, wysdom~e reman~ande euir with me, and nocht-withstandinge I gaif my hart euir withgange of al plesans that manis sone mycht haf in this erde, & to my appetyt, na denyit neuir nothir myne ern~e, myn~ eris na my appetyt thinge that thai desyrit of al lustis, for that I affirmyt to be my part of al # my labore, to tak plesans of my gudis that I had graithyt in this erde. And syne quhen I wmbethocht me and turnyt my mynd in my-self, thinkand of al my warldly werkis that my handis had wrocht, and to al my werkis that I had suet for, and al my michtis and warldis riches, and saw that al was bot vane and wanite, and afflixon~e of spreit and manis mynd, and al was bot transitore & corruptabile, and na thinge profytabile na ferm~e and stabill to remayne wndir the hewyne. And than set I my wyt to contemplacioune of wysdome, and to sek the defferens betuex wisdom~e and foly and betuex erour and werite, thinkand quhat visdom~ It war to manis sone and quhat worschip to inquer, sek & folow till his king and creatore, and get # knawlege

of hym; and than considrit I and fand that wisdum precellis foly als far as the lychtnes of the sone pass~ the myrknes of the mirk nycht, lyknand the wysman to the leiche and the ful to the mirknes, and the en~ of the tan~ euir in the hewyne be contemplacion~e, and the en of the to+tir in the erdly # wrechit & corruptabile wanite, lykand the tan to the hevyne & the to+tir to the hell. Item, than I beheld that baith the wisman & the full deis and +geldis the saul in lyk wys~. than thocht # I, gif our ded be elyk, quhat profitis It me to set my hart and besynes to al wisdome mar na hyme quhilk set his mynd, cur and besynes till al foly? Item, than turnyt I my wyt to # contemplacion~e of baith the tan & the to+tire, and considirit at the gret god +geldit nocht baith elyk reuarde in the warld eternall, suppos to manis sicht thar be na defferens of the pasinge of the spreit out of the body, for but ony dreid the tan gais to Ioye and the to+tir to pan~e, bot as manis dreid # and his dedis her within schort proces~ of tyme & al is for+get at was, and put out of manis mynd; quhilk is grete wane and vanite. Item, quhen I saw that baith worthi clerkis and wismen, fulys and wanwitty men, al passit of this warlde, and al thinge that vndir the son~e was, rotit and vanist away, & na-thinge remanit bot the erde alan~e, than Irkyt I of my lyf in this warld, seand alsua the wikitnes of wykitmen and al vthire maner of wykit werkis and wykyt folk, quhilk was all bot vanite and afflixion~e of spreit in this lyf. Item, # than tuk I in detestacion~e and abhominacioune and hatterent al the werkis and polesy that I had gart mak wndir the sone with grete deligens and studeous labore, that I owthir couth or mycht study with al my mynd to gar be done, thinkand It was na wyt, visdome na prudens till a wysman till set his deligens & besy cure and al his hart to wais the tyme that god has gevyn~e hym in this warld, till occupy hym~e in syk fal+geand and rotabile Vanite, thinkand that I suld have an~e aire eftir me to gowern~ myne heritageis, rewmys and # possession~s eftir me, nocht knawand quhe+tir he be wys~ ore full,

quhilk is gret vanite, etc. Ande sa hapnit It eftyr hyme that his aire Roboame misgouernyt al that his fa+tir wan~e, and tynt al his possession~s. thane said he till hyme-self that hyme thocht It was na visdom~e till a wysman till leif to a # full vaistour al thai gudly revmys & possession~s that he had with sa gret pan~e & trawelle conquest and gaderit with hie lawbore and besy cure in al his lyf, hepand euir gud, and syne to be vaistit & distroyd. / thane tuk he in detestacione to lawbor mar in this erde, & renunsyt al syk lawbore and besynes, # sayand, quhat profetitis It a man to lawbore thus all his tyme, and neuir to tak reste day of his lyf na neuir a Ioyous~ day # +tarof, and a wanton~e vaistour ydill man sal dispon~e and waist al thai gudis that he had syk pan~e and lawbore, nocht takand rest in body na in spreit nycht na day? is this nocht grete vanite and afflixoune? Item, thane said he that hyme thocht It was the best thing thate man in erde mycht do to mak hyme gud chere of his vynynge & lawbore that he makis here; for that is the gyft of gode that quhill he Is here he tak his part of his awn~e wynyng, and thar-of to mak hyme gude chere and hald hyme weill at es quhile he is here, fore he sal nocht ellis have fore his part of the warlde. Item he sais, quha is in erde quhilk gave his hart syk plesans as I # have don~e, and sua flowit in my delytis and al my tym~e of my +gouthage? Item he sais, god gewys to the wysman wyt & visdome to gouern~e hym~e weill in this warld, with haboundans of gudis to leif weill with, and to wykyt man he gevis grete pan~e, lawbore and gret cure of waist besynes, with gret # trawell and wnrest and afflixion~e of spreit, with lytill es~ and # mekile wnrest, & na hap to good hym~e with his gwde that he has with sa sorowful wyninge, and syne levys It to thaim that werst louit hym~e in this lyfe-dais, quhilk is a grete vanite # and afflixon~e. Item he sais that al thing has a tym~e in this # warld, and occupeis a space in maner of pasage; as tyme of byrth, tym~e of ded, tyme of seting and of sawinge, tyme of scheringe and of gaderinge, tym of vptakinge, tyme of ded, tyme of

lyfe, tyme of seknes, tyme of heill, tyme of bygine, tyme of brekinge, tyme of lauchinge, tym ofe gretinge, tym~e of lepinge and skipinge, tym~e of scalynge, tym~e of gaderinge, tyme of imbraisinge and tyme to ly out of imbraisinge in armys, tyme of tynsell, tyme of vynynge, tyme of keping, tym of vyninge, tyme of deilynge, tyme of schapinge, tyme of sewinge, tym~e of spekinge, tyme of scilens, tym~e of luf, tym of hatrent, # tyme of batail+ge, tyme of pece, and of al sik warldly thingis +tar # is tyme of all thinge, quhilk men suld tak kep to. / Item he sais, he considiryt al the lawbore and besy cure that gode has gevyne manis sone in erd, and how all thingis that gode maid in this erd ar gud, tan~e in thar tymis. / Item he sais, that # of al the thingis that is in this erd ordanit fore manis son~e, and # the gret cure and besynes that thai tak to wyn~e the gud of this erd, and he fand at +tar was na-thing in erd sa gud fore manis son~e as to hald hyme weill at es of the gudis thate god sendis hyme in this warld, and mak gud chere quhill he is here, and leif weill; for that is the gift of god to manis son~e, quhill he is here to tak Ioy and plesans of the gudis +tat he has with his trew labore wonynge. / Item he sais thate al thingis that god has maid ar gud and perpetuall in thare kinde and nature, suppos thai be ay Remowand in singularite. Item he sais that he beheld the wykytnes and iniuris that was don~e be the Iugis and Iusticeris, sayand in his hart that the gret god suld be the souerane Iuge abwn~e +taim & Iustyfye +taim in the # to+tir warld, baith wysman and wykyt, and than sal the end of al erdly be Iugit. / Item he sais that the gret god schawis to man be gud reson~e that the lyf of a man and a best in this warld is bot all an~e, and thar maner of deinge is baith bot # ane, and baith bot of a lyk condiscion~e, and has na mar the man thane the best in the warld, and all elyk wndirlyis vanite and drawis till a law place downwart quhen thai de, to the erd. Item he sais, quha may wyt quhethir the spreit off man gais vpwart ore the spreit of the best gais dounwart sen baith wnknawyng elyk pass~? and than he said that in this warld he fand na-thinge bettir to man na to mak gud chere of the

gudis he wynis with his handis, and to do ay weille quhill he is heire, Fore na mar sal he ber away with hym~e. / Item he sais, quha ledis man to sik knawlege that he knawis the thing that sal be in tyme to cum? and than turnyt he hym~e to the wykit chalenginge of pwre Innocentis that be mychtty wykyt men ar chalangit in this erd, gretand and gowland For the mony gret inIuris don~e to +taim, ande na man to comfort thaim na to resist to thare malice. than~e said he that he louit mare the ded man na the levande, and +ghit mar na vthire tham that was wnborn~e to serue the wrechit, wykit lyf in this erd but ony comfort, and syne of the gret inwy that was amange nychtbouris, the rich and the pwre, the glorius & mek, quhilkis was nocht sa subtell to wyn~e the warldis gudis as +t=e= glorius prowd man, quhilk was gret vanite. / Item he sais +tat the full suere man plettis his handis one his brest and ettis his pure met, sayand that bettir is ane handfull with rest and pes~ na baith the handis full with trauell and # dyses~. / Item he sais that sum men sesis neuir to labour nycht nor day to wyne the warldis gud in gret quantite, and has no+tir barn~e, bro+tir na sistir to leif that to, na wat nocht quha # sal Ioys thai gudis eftir his dais, wonyng with trichory and barete, and has neuir a gud day thar-of in his lyf, and # ofttymis fallis in thare handis that maist hym~e haityd in this erde, quhilk is gret vanite and nocht ellis bot afflixon~e of # spret but ony vthir profyt ore meryt. Item he sais, wa is hyme that is hym~e alan~ but a falow with hym~e, fore gif he fallis or # ocht misteris, is nan~ to help hym~e, and bettir is in al placis # cumpagny na to be alan~e, ande mar suet is to slep twa to-gydir na an~e alan~e for langoure ande warmnes and gud cumpany, and wer is to brek a dowbile raipe na a singile. / Item he # sais, It is bettir a pur wys~ barn~e na an auld fule kinge quhilk # fore wane-wyt may perys~ a realm~e, quhilk is gret vanite. / Item, # he sais a man suld tak gud tent quhen he enteris in godis tempile, and her weill the wordis that ar thar spokyne, and be obedient to comandment, for do he nocht, he wyll be mekile lakit, quhilk is gret vanite. / Item he sais that bettir is the # obediens of +t=e= wysman na the offerent of the full. / Item he sais, a

man suld nocht be our-hasty of spech in his prayeris, for gode in hie hevyn~e seis and knawis al his dedis, word and wyll in erd, thus few wordis and effectuous is best fore hym~. / Item he sais that eftir mekile besynes folowis mony dremis, and eftir mony vordis flowis mony folis and erouris, and bydis man kep weill gif he ocht wowis. Item he sais, men suld nocht len~ thar mouth to kiss in hop to gar thar body syne, na nocht wit god before the angell of the inclinacion~e of thar # complexion~e to put thar condiscion~e in misforton~e, bot euir dreid to disples god. Item he sais that a couatous gredy vrech may neneuir be fulfillyt of gudis in his hart, na he that louis riches our-mekill sal neuir have gret Joy of +taim. / # Item he sais, quhar mekle riches is thare mone be mony seruandis to dispende thai gudis and gowern~e +taim, and the possessor takis bot his lewyng thar-of, and quhat profet has he of the remanent bot at he seis +taim with his en~e and ar callit his, quhilk is gret vanite and afflixion~e of spreit, quhilk is an~ # of the werst in the erde? Item he sais that eftir gret trawall the # slep is swet sa that men et nocht our-mekile, bot the oure-gret fyll of the mychtty man lattis hyme to slep and changis his # complexion~e in were, and oft fore thocht of his riches he walkis in wntymis; quhilk is grete vanite and afflixion~ of spreit, an~e of the werst that is in the erd. / Item, thar is an-vthir gret vanite that quhen a seruand that a lorde traistis in, is richit throw falsat of his mastir lell-won~e gud; quhilk is # an~e of the werst that is in the warlde, fore comonly thai gudis profetis nocht, bot with gret syn~e ar voninge and with gret trawaill are kepit and with grete sorow gais away with gret dyses~ and afflixion~e of spreit, and his barnis deis # begaris. / Item he sais, god gewis the gud man luk, grace and plente of gudis, and grace to spend thaim in es and honore, and to the wykit man he gevis mekile waste and wan~e lawbore and grete dises~ and afflixoun~e of spreit, and neuir gud day of # It; quhilk is gret vanite. / Item he sais, he is mekle behaldin to his god that has gewyne hyme the warldis gud at will, and syne grace to dispend It in plesans and velth in this warld

bute ony mysforton~e in al delitis: quhilk, and he be wnkynd, is vorthi gret pwnission~e eftirwart. / Item he sais, he was # gevyne til o+tire al haboundans of warldis gudis that thar hart # desyryt, and +ghit gaif thaim neuir powar to spend a penny of that gude in his awn~e oys~, bot ay levand thay gudis til ane o+tir # quhilk louit hyme neuir in his lyf; quhilk is gret vanite and # afflixion~e of spreit. / Item, an~e o+tir vanite is that god has gevyn to # sum man plente of warldis gud, and has here gendrit he and his barnis an~e hundereth barnis of lell matromon+ghe, and has lang lyf here in this warld, and +ghit he na his sal neuir hafe a # profytabile na esful day in al thar lyf. / Item, than said he, I hald bettir the ded barn~e, that neuir was born~e quhyk in this # warld na saw neuir the licht in this warld, na eh that had al that gud and neuir a day in es +tar-of in his lyf; quhilk is gret vanite and afflixion~e off spreit in this warld. / Item he sais # that al the vismanis wyt is in his mouth, and thinkis that he has neuir yneuch of It and euir is techand and lerand, and quhat +tan has the wysman mar na the full, ore quhat mar has the riche na the pure in this warld, sen al gais a gait to the # erde? Item he sais, It is bettir to dissir the thing +tow seis nocht, that is the Ioy of hevyn~e, na the thing +tow seis in this # warld, for the tan is bot temporale and corruptabile and the to+tir is perpetuall. / Item he sais, quhat man is to cum in this # warld, his name is now writin ande writin weill that he is a man; for na-thing is bot at vas, na thar was na-thing bot at Is. / Item he sais, It is nocht to a man to strif agan~e mar mastir than hyme-self in Iugment. Item he sais, it is nocht spedfull till a man of Sympil knawlege til inquere our far in subtyll materis of godis preuate, bot to inquer and knaw with sobirnes at may suffice, Fore ellis it is gret vanite. Item he sais, # quhat profytis It to man till inquere of thing that pass~ his wyt # till wndirstand and belangis hyme nocht to knaw? bot it is spedful to gouerne hym~e wysly in this present pilgremage quhilk pass~

as a schadow daily, or quha can tel hyme quha sal succed til hyme eftirwart, or quhat sal hapin in tyme to cum? Item he sais, it is bettir a gud nam~e na mekil riches in this warld or ony o+tir precious Iowellis, sen he mone pas of this varlde and wat nocht the hour na day, and at the day of his birthe is the begynyng of his ded. Item he sais that sen man is sykir he mone de anis, It is gret wyt to purway weill tharfore in tym~e and quhill he has tyme inthis varld ful of vanite. Item he sais, It is bettir to cum to the hous~ off ernyst na to the # hous~ of blythnes, and to the hous~ of sadnes na to the hous~ of Ioy, and bettir is crabing na blythnes or laiching, for the tan~e # for+gettis to think on~e the end, and the to+tir thinkis on~e the vanite of this warld; for vysmen are ay sad and fulys ay blyth, and oft-tymis be the sad continans of a wysman fulis are correkit and amendyt of thar wyce. Item he sais, bettir is to be # correkit with a wysman na to be flechit with a full, and the strublyn~e of fulys crabis the visman, and garis +taim tyn~e his # frendschip and fauoris of his harte; and bettir is the fliting of a frend na +te fleching of a full. Item he sais, bettir is the end of # the vreson~e na +t=e= begynyng, and mar is lowabile to god with a mek man na a pridfull, and a pacient man na a Irfull and a sturtand quhilk makis reddy dyscord. Item he sais, a man suld nocht be our-hasty to pronunce his wordis in his Ire, fore It garis a man exced radely and say thing that he wyll eftir forthink, for Ire restis ay in the fulis brest quhill his tym~e cum. Item he sais, men suld nocht argwe quhy the tym~e bygan~e vas bettir na the tyme at is. Item he sais, visdom~e is nocht profyt but riches, na riches na worth but wisdome; for riches beris wysdom~e befor princis & defendis. Item he sais, wysdom~e with riches makis the possessor her till have honore and gud endinge. Item he sais that na man may fynde faultis to correk werkis that he has maid. / Item he sais that the gret god knawis al manis curage, and sum fore the visdome he chess~ til hym-selfe, and vthir-sum he dispis~ and rafus~ for thar wan-wyt and foleis. Item he sais, men suld in gud dais vs~ gud thingis and kep +taim and be-ware fore the Ill

day. / Item he sais that gret vanite is and afflixion~e of gud spreitis to se the rycht gud wysman perys~ with his rycht gud vysnes, and teranis in heill and velth lef lang. Item he sais, a man suld nocht be our-Iust, bot he suld have pete and mell Iustice and mercy to-giddir in Iugmentis. Item he sais, fulys deis or half thar dais be gan~e. Item he sais that it is gud to defend the rychtwys~ and the pur, fore god maid baith and knabis al dedis and thocht. / Item he sais, wysdom~e is mar strenthy na gret powere temporall of princis, and sais that few ar sa rychtwys~ that thai do na vrang na syne to god na to man. Item he sais, a man suld nocht len his eris tyll all at he heris, na trow nocht lychtly all realcion~s. Item he sais, a # man sulde here weill ore he ansueryt, and mak hym, quhilum, to nocht here at he heris, and namly trow nocht al vpon~e thar seruandis that men will say, for percas It may be for Inwy of thaim mar na fore profyt of the lord. / Item he sais, he # assait al thingis in this warld that manis mynd mycht have in knawlege with wisdome, and said till hym~e-self, now sal I be wys~ and knaw al thingis that man may have knawlege of in this warld, and ay +te mar that I presyt to wysdome, the farere It fled fra me; fore thare is na wyt in this erd that may knaw the hicht and the depnes of It, quhilk pass~ al menis wyt in this warld bot anerly of the grete god. / Item, I considirit the gret defferens betuex wisdome and foly, eroure and rychtwisnes, and amang al thir I fand the woman mar bittir na the ded, quhilk is the gyrne of the hunter to tak the wild bestis, ande hir hart the netis of syne, and # handis the fetteris of lust to hald men in hir bandis; quharfor quha will ples god, fle fra thaim. Item, na wysmen suld behald the bewte of women that thai be nocht tan with thar suet blenkis. Item he sais, he socht amang men quha suld be wys~, and fand amang a thousand bot an~ wys~, bot amang vomen he fand neuir an in al his lyf. Item he sais that god ordanit the man to be wys~ and rychtwys~, bot he mellis hyme of his awn~e wyll within sa mony diuers~ materis but end, at nan may knaw bot god quhethire ill or gud. Item he sais, salamon~e sais

mony vys~ wordis in his bukis, bot quhay may knaw be his wordis quhe+tir he was vys~ or nocht, For vysdome schawis nocht in wordis bot in dedis? Item he sais, +t=e= wisdome of a wysman schawis by his contenans, part and hawyngys of body and wysage, and the maist mychtty schawis thare face quhilum. Item he sais, he that is wys~ kepis the bidinge of god and his Iurementis. Item he sais, thar suld na man hyd fra +te face of god lang dueland in his Ill dedis. Item he sais, a wisman may do quhat-euir he wyll and his wordis ar full of prudens, and quha-sa dois biding felis na Ill eftire. Item he sais that na man may rapref the werk of god na spere quhy dois god thus in this. Item he sais, al thing has tyme, na It is nocht in manis poware to knaw the tyme of +te passag of his saul out of +t=e= body, na to hald in his spreit quhen god will at It pas, na he sall haf na powere of It in the day of his ded, na than tholis nocht the passion~s of ded hyme to tak rest, na sal nocht than~ the mychttis of the wykit man sauf his lyf na profyt hym~e. / Item he sais, gret lordis ar quhilum hafand powar our mony pupile, & mar fore thar ill na for thar gud, and thar dampnacion~e na saluacyon~e. / Item he says, mony men ar in haly placis louit in al thare lyf as haly men quhilk did gud deid in thar lyf, quhilk is bot vanite. / Item # he sais that god Strikis his sentens sudanly vpon~e wykyt men. / Item he sais that nocht-withstanding god of his hie gracious paciens tholis synaris to ly in thare syne and takis na vengans on~e +taim lang tym~e, +ghit quhen he strikis, he strikis his # straik sudanly quhen he seis thai wyll nocht amend. / Item he sais that the dreid of god is the begynynge of wysdom~e, and quha dredis hyme nocht, may neuir be wys~. / Item he sais, It is nocht spedfull till a wykyt man that wyll be condampnit, that he leif lang lyfe, for the langar he leif, the mar synis # and mar payne deseruice, and the schortar the les~. / Item he sais, It is gret vanite that al thinge that cumis in this warld, to # pure and to riche, to wysman & to full, al is kepit wncertane to the end that na man wat quhe+tir he be worthy to Ioy or to payn~e in the warld to cum. / Item he sais that a levand dog is bettir na a ded lyon~e. / Item he sais that loue, hatterent, Inwy and

syk thingis endis al in this warlde. Item he sais, et and drink and mak gud cheir, and hald thi person~e weill at pointe and # thi vestementis clen and thi consciens qwhit, and lat nocht the anoyntment fail+ge of thi hed and thi membrs, and leid thi lyf with thaim that the louis for the day of the vnstedfast lyf. / Item he sais that al men suld be besy to do sum gud in thar lyf, for thar sal neuir gud deid wnreuardyt be in this lyf, na Ill deid wnpwnist. Item he sais, as fisch ar tan with hukis and foulis with lym~e-wandis, sa is synaris tane be-for thare tym~e. Item he sais that oft-tyme has ben hard that a gret Cete has ben~ segit with a gret prince, and +ghit a pwre man has rasit the seg thar-of but harm~e, quhilk was don~e with prudens and wysdome; quharfore he lovis that mare na gret mycht of princis. Item he sais that now is louit mar the mychty man na the wysman with al his wyt. Item he sais, the word of rich men is bettir hard in scylens na the pwr manis word in gret audiens criyt in the rew. / Item he sais, bettir is fewe worthi men in batall na mony com~onis, fore multitud na victour mais. Item he sais, It is gud to be lell and kep condiscion~s, fore seldin cumys fals man till honour. Item he sais, It is spedful till a man to do weill till # hym~e-self quhill he is her, for quhen he gais, he tynis the Ioy of this warld as the beis, deand, tynis the suetnes of the hwny. / Item he sais, the visdom~e of the wisman is in his rycht had and the foly of the ful in his kere hand, and the pert fulys wenis that na man suld be maid of bot fulys with grete men. Item he sais, I saw fulis set one segis of honore and wysmen set on~e lawar segis, and wnworthy men rydand one hors~ as lordis, and worthy men gangand one fut as pagis or seruandis, quhilkis for wisdome war worthi to be princis peris. Item he sais, mony man makis a slak in an~-vthir manis vay and fallis fyrst tharin. / Item he sais, a bakbytar may be lyknit till an eddyr that stangis men or thai may get knawleg of hym~e in hyddyllis. / Item he sais that visdome is euir in the mouth of vismen, ay ful of grace and gudnes, and the foly of the ful garis hyme snapyr quhen he venis to stand, and euir his deid and his word ar in foly and glakitnes and with vthir fulys,

and takis nocht tent quhat folowis eftir. / Item he sais that mekil multiplicacion~e of wordis may nocht be but syne, and thar is oft-tymis neid & mister. Item he sais, al the fulys lawbor is bot tynt trawell, vanite and afflexion~e of spreit # but profyt; na thai can nocht hald thar continans na gang in the way cunandly. / Item he sais, va is It to +te land, of the # quhilk the king is a barn~e, the quhilkis the princis ettis tymly, and the realm~e is blessit that has a worthy kinge, and of the # quhilk the princis ettis in dew tyme and erear for the restoring and refexon~e of his natur na for lichory. Item he sais, men suld loue the penny, for to the penny al thinge obeis. Item he sais, thar suld na man ban his king, na murmwre hyme in thar collacion~s, na consent to detraccion~e of hym~e, for the # fowlis of the hevyn~e beris the woice to the hiest kinge, quhilk sal gif the sentens thar-vpon~e. / Item he sais, deill thi met to the trawelouris and pilgremys, for +tow sal finde the froyt thar-of mony +gere eftirwart and sal slok mekile syn~e. Item he sais, quhen the cloud slaikis, the rane our-strenklys the erde and garis the corn~e grow in haboundans abwn~e +t=e= erde. Item he sais, quha dreidis al vindis and considirys the clowdis, # sall neuir weill saw his corn~e. Item he sais, It is hard to a man to knaw how the banis of barnis ar chapin in thar mo+tiris wambe, na quhen the saul pass~ out of the body; quhare It gais. Item he sais, quha can gif a reson~e for al thingis that god has maid in this erd, lytill and mekile? Item he sais, It is a suet sycht and a plesand to se the son~e in the hevyne in # a fair day, and thane suld a man have mynde in his lyfe one the mirknes that is in the law parte, ande do sua her that he serf nocht to cum thar. Item till a +gonge man he sais at thai suld lere vysdome, and do ay gud quhill thai ar here, and think at the gret Iug sal do Iustice off of al dedis that manis sone dois here. Item he sais that all men suld flem~e Ire fra thaim, fore It lattis the wyt to determ~e trewly betuex gud and Ill, and loue weill paciens and clennes of lyf here. / Item, he

bidis +gonge men kep thaim Fra wnprofitabile delytis in thar +gouthag, fore al that is bot Vanite and lycht, transitoure blythnes, wnwalabile, and thinke at a day of punysing sal cum quhen al sal be pwnyst. / Item he sais at the sone, the mon~e and the sternis sal al twrn~e agan~ quhen the dreidful # day sal cum, and thane sal al thinge apere. / Item he sais that # thar sal cum a tyme at the vertuous of the hie hewyne sal mofe, and thane sal the starkest +tat was before schawaris sall be gryndaris of grauell, thate wont wes to schaw gud metis sal be in cauernys and mernes, lukand out at het and stinkand durris and the rewis, and syne sal all rys~ to-gyddir at the # vocis of the angellis, and sal al the dochtiris of wykitnes al worth deife, and al that trowis in thare enchantmentis; and than sal al that flesche bare, dreid the Iugment, quhen al men sal enter in this hous eternall. Item he sais, thane sal thar be mekile greting and gowlynge, and than the powdir that man was of twrn agan~ in the fyrst form~e, and the spreit of man sal turn~ agan in the powdyr, and gange till hyme quhar it has seruit, eftir the Iugment; quhilk is gret vanite and afflixon~e of spreitis to think one that day, that sal be sa # dreidfull that the angellis of the hewyn~e sal bittirly gret. Item he sais, quhen was callyt wysest of the warld, maid in his contemplacon~s mony parabolys full of wertew, that he had soucht be his wyt & visdome that god had gevyne hyme, and maid of thaim syndry bukis to tech o+tiris that suld cum eftir his days. Item he sais, the wordis of wisdome quyknys gud mennis wyttis, and opnis thiam to consaue vysdom~e and the vndirstandinge of the caus~ quhy thai ar said; for the parabolys ar nocht tan be the fyrst face, bot that suld be / be the documentis of wys~ clerkis that knawis the subtill # ymaginacion~e of the sayar, gevyne to thaim fra the fa+tir of hevyne. Item he sais, It sal nocht neid to manis wyt to sek ma bukis for wisdome, o+tiris than thai that he has maid, for +te # wysdome of thaim was gevyn hym fra the hevyne fra almychtty gode. Item he sais, quhen men sekis +tar wysdom~e in mony bukis,

It stoppis his wyt and sal neuir fynde ane ende, for the farar he sek, the les~ he sal fynde at the ende. Item he sais, # ourmekile thocht, study and besynes to our-seke bukis irkis manis wyte. Item he sais, al wysmen suld tak tent to the ende of this buk, that is to loue and serf god our al thing, and kep his bydinge, and kep fra Ill and do gud quhill he is here, for at the gret Iugment al Ill sal be pwnist and gud Reuardit, And thar sal al thys warld temporall take end. (^etc.^) [^LATIN OMITTED.^] [^THE ASLOAN MS. A MISCELLANY IN PROSE AND VERSE, VOL. I: THE PORTEOUS OF NOBLENES. ED. W.A. CRAIGIE. SCOTTISH TEXT SOCIETY, SECOND SERIES, 14. EDINBURGH AND LONDON 1923. PP. 171.9-184.23^]

[}HEIR' FOLLOWIS +TE WERTUIS~ OF NOBILNES~ AND PORTRATOURIS +TAIROF & CALLIT +TE PORTUUS~ AND MATYNNIS OF +TE SAMYN~}] I Nobilnes~ Lady of weile willing qwene of wisdome and princes of hie doyng / To all +tam +tat has will and corage of worthines~ Pece and greting to +gow be +tir' presentis I make knawin +tat to remove and draw out +te wikit rutis of wrang and ewill deidis That welany or carlichnes~ has wndertakin to ground & stable in noble hert Euery man +tat will be maid parfyte / say and reid contynually his matynnis & houris on~ +tis porteus~ / I may complene sorowe & bevale mony men that in all thingis has counterfeit myne estait and setting werteu at nocht has takin my name / levyng all gud deidis according +tairto / Misfassonit & degradit +taim self / Inclinand

+tair hertis to vicious~ and ewill sayng And ewill doyng Bot neuer+teles~ quha +tat will haf forgifnes~ and Remit of all his trespass~ / Saye dayly his matynnis and houris on~ +tis portuos~ Quha +tat Is of ane noble & gud man +te aire and successoure / suld nocht haue +te proffet of his landis and gudis without +te perseute and folloving of werteu & gud deidis . ffor gif he be nocht aire and successour to his wertuis~ and worschipe +te gudis of ane nother' man ar vnperfytly in him / and sa he has forfalt and tynt all loving & honour quhen him self Is +te myrrour & example of velany Neuer+teles~ quha +tat Is accusable of +tire misdeidis and dampnable vycis say daly +tar' houris and matinnis on~ +tis portuos~ . O noble man for to wnderstand how nobillis ar maid perfyte Thar' Is xij wertuis~ behuffull and +tat schawis werray nobilite / herfore he +tat will be ane werray noble stable & rute in his hert Thir' xij wertuis~ and excers~ +taim daly sayng his matinnis and houris on~ +tis porteus~ as followis & [}THE FIRST WERTEU REGAND IN ANE NOBLE MAN / IS / FAITH}] allmychti god quhom of cummis all nobilnes~ and quhom of al perfectioun discendis / has maid all thing of nocht Nurisis and sustenis all thingis be the hienes~ of his worthy & euerlesting

provisioun~ / Bot for to hald and stable +tis warld in concord and vnite he has ordanit euery thing in his proper office Sum till haf lordschipe and otheris to lif in subiectioun~ / and seruis~ for to kepe faith~ and lyf in to Iustice / and quhay +tat of god has gret test & mast hie honour be haboundance of lordschipe or riches~ Is mast behaldin and to him mast properlie It pertenis / To haf in him werray hartlie luf / dreid / honour / gud devocioun~/ and schame to do ewill wyce / or velany in word or deid / and for to kepe werray faith~ & lif in Iustice He Is werray noble and for ane noble schewes gouernis and manteinis him with~out fen+geing / +tat haldis him and levis obedient to god / dois to euery man richt without malice wrange or Iniure and quhay +tat v+ter ways seikis nobilnes~ dois wrang to god and preiudice schame & reprefe to his blude For god has made & ordanit +te condicioun~ and nature of nobilnes~ for to kepe faith~ and lif into Iustice O noble man pure riche & all estait deis and tornis to corrupcoun~ / filth~ and meit of wormes / nobilis / common~is / and euery man aw till god seruice & obediens / Bot +git nobilis are exaltit and has prerogatifis for to kepe faith~ and lif in to Iustice & [}THE SECUNDE WERTEU HEIRE FOLLOWANDE IS LAWTE OR TREUTH~ &}]

for' treuth~ and lawte noblis~ war' first ordanit and stablit till haue lordschipe abone +te commoun~ peple and +tairfor' to +taim was gevin hie honour / manrent / and s~eruice of +tar' subiectis / Thai ar' nocht sa hie set nor ordanit for to reif or tak be force In ony way bot +tai ar' haldin in werray richt and resoun~ for to serf +tair king and defend there subiectis and +te maire +tat +tai be rewardit with honour and +te mair' dignite +tat +tai cum to Thai suld be +te bettir condicionit and do & manteine all ther' thingis +te mair' avisitly in resoun~ Thar' hartis suld be sekere and stable Thar' sayng and promys~ fermely haldin and kepit Thai suld do na wrang no+ter to gret nor les~ +tan +tam self for +tai suld without warians or dreid of ony man serue +tair king & defend +tar' subiectis and gif +tai wary & be disordanit +tat +tar' subiectis ar' nocht defendit be +taim or +tair king be habandonit with +taim for ony estait +tat he has haldin on~ +taim or other' wayis / I saye +tai ar becummyn mair' carlis and of mair' vyle condicioun~ than be dronkart or ruffien~ +tat sellis his land to lif in harlottry O noble man in nobilnes~ +te richtis of lawte and treuth~ ar' contenit and in speciale to kepe fermely in hert thir' twa poyntis to serve +tair king and defend +tair subiectis [}THE THRID WERTEU IN ANE NOBLE IS HONOURE &}]

Hhie honour' Is the tressour' of nobilnes~ his preve ritches~ and It +tat ane noble hart suld desyre his werray kepar' and saif conduct in all aduersiteis his comfort plesour' and blyth~nes~ and +te werray myrrour quharin he suld addres~ all his werkis / ffor thar' Is na thing +tat may truble ane gud and waliant hert +tat lufis honour / nor he shall neuer haue schame ffor It Is +te gud +tat passis all v+ter ritches~ and gudis. He +tat has na honour his hienes~ be he neuir so gret hastely fallis his loving perisis and gud name levis him / wrang garris his powere slyde and gentilnes~ tynis his name in him for schame welany and vncunnyng makis ane gentle hart to deforme and change It self Thar' Is na thing may sa fer' degraide a gud hart as to Refren+ge honour dowtand in werteu sen~ honour Is +te gud passing all v+ter ritches~ and gudis Quhar' honour Is all wrangis and vnrichtis cessis / It Is +te werray way and gyde to worthynes~ / honour Is +te ledere of gud men to hie estait puttyng in him dantit blyth~nes~ Curtassy fair' speking treuth~ & worthynes~ / It ware fer' better' & mair' loveable ony man to suffre without dreid +te terrible pane of martirdome or covatis~ suld ourcum his hie honour ffor It Is +te gudis and ritches~ +tat pass~ all v+ter gudis O noble man hald with +te and kepe as gretest tresour Nobill men / for nobilnes~ Is +te gud +tat passis all v+ter gud and ritches~ &

[}THE WERTEU OF RESSOUN~ QUHILK IS +TE FERDE WERTEU PERTENAND TO A NOBILL}] rEsoun~ / equite / and mesour' / lawte / and richtuisnes~ makis mychti men to lest And honeste and nurtour be werray kynde and natur' makis ane gud hart to be mesurit and fle ewill deidis or reprevable sayng or sweryng and to kepe in his ritchit hert to euery man his werray richt / Herfor' euery noble creatur' suld eschew to do wrang scaith~ or iniure in his furth~beryng sen~ +te charge of euery leving suld be mesurit with richt It Is fer' better' till ony man to haf his hert brynt with tholyng +tan kendillit with taking or reif ffor at +te last god +tat Is mast rychttuis sall gif to euery man his werray richt ane noble man of nature gif he dois or procuris to his blude deformite or schame enarmand in ane fals~ mirk or wrangwis~ querele for to haue singuler' avale or profett he Is as +te mansworn~ aith~ dampnit and foriugit be Iustice +tat gevis to euery man his werray richt O noble man lat ws nocht mak ws to be murmurit nor be mony tungis commonit be eschewand +te scharpe dreid of goddis Iustice lat ws gif to euery man his werray richt [}THE FYFTH WERTEU IS WORTH~YNES~}] worthines~ makis noble men to knaw +tat has hart and corage to serf wndere hir' banere That +tar may na man be hir' haue pryce loving renovne or be resauit in hire large court with~out +tat he haue in him fer' mair' gud deid +tan manere or countenance

therof And to haue at +te poynt of his doyng with~out purches~ of Iust party gud gyding hardynes~ seker' purpos~ and stablit corage / with diligence secretnes~ and litill langage and in +te stoure to dreid nathing bot god bot erar' to chese as for awantage honest ded +tan to lif with schame Gud renovn~ Is to worthines~ tressoure ritches~ and thing in +te warld scho haldis mast deire nor +tair sall neuer man do wele his det / That in armes first seikis proffit pray or gudis ffore covatis~ Is allway accustomit to luf honour frawartly and for hir' lufyng attanys to brek & distroye +te ordour' of gud corage / honour allway levis him +tat Intendis to pillage and for proffet +tat tynis him self and all his laubour. Herfore euidentlye It apperis +tat gredy hert followis gret scaith~ and +tat better Is honest deid +tan to lif in schame This lady worthines~ will resaif na s~eruice nor faith~ of +tam +tat be lang tyme travalis Bot for wynnyng of gudis Bot gif +tow will knaw hir' seruandis Thai haue nother' hasty hed nor hand That Is +tat +tai ar' nocht outtrageous~ to answer' in cruell langage nor to tak vengeance be strenth~. worthines~ allway Is sweit and gentill to noble & liberall men And scho Is fers~ and felloun~ to outtragious~ cruell men and to semple men scho makis na let truble nor stopping I say +tat +tai persewe +tis lady worthines~ richt swerlye and with~ gret schame and takis armys in ane symple wassalege That takis & revis +te gudis and substance of pure commonis and lauboraris and fleis +te scharpe assaltis & danger' of +tar'

Enemys~ and sa sic men suld ches~ for awantage / erare honest deid +tan to lif in schame O noble man +tai +tat liffis outtragiouslie deis perforce be cruell and outtragious~ deid as ressoun~ will and god him self beris witnes~ herfor euery man of hie birth~ and gud corage suld better luf and soner' cheis~ honest dede +tan to lif in schame & [}THE SEXT WERTEU IN A NOBLE IS LUF &}] gud luf with~out bitternes~ Is a thing worthy plesand comfortand and delitable for gud luf may nocht faile stanche nor slokin in +te noble blude of a man Seker' and stable / luf Is +te fredome larges~ and haboundance of ane hie honerable hart It Is +te bounte +tat nurisis & makis +te self faire and plesand and +tat conquessis ane no+ter hert for his hatrent and Inwy beris +te fyre +tat distroyis +te self herfor he +tat has nocht luf & frende has nathing All noble man suld wele clame & challance +tis lady luf and conques~ & get frendis be swet seruice his king his landis and his frendis he suld luf and at mistere releif help and succour +tam Bot quhen +te hert Is nocht secure and faith~full It Is bot fen+geing full of ewill craft That discoueris and schewis his dissait and fraude our' late and +tan he reportis +tairof nother' to him self nor till v+teris gud honour nor proffit for ane man hatit liffis allway in gret repref Herfor' quha +tat has nocht luf & frende he has nathing Ane noble may wele call him catif & his estate Is catif and dampnable +tat in his doyngis noyis & and grevis and makis him self to be defamit & lufis na thing bot for luf of proffet In fortoune +tai turn~

to +tam the scharpe poynt / for +te fox oftymes for all his wylis be trumpary and for litill thing Is dissauit Luf cummis allway to him +tat lufis hir' wele and a man hatit liffis in gret repref schame and vnprovit / He herfor +tat has nocht luf and frend has na thing O noble man be luf we ar' adunit to god and be luf and frendschipe in erd all thing Is conseruit Tharfor he +tat has nocht luf & frende has na thing [}THE SEVYNT WERTEU IN ANE NOBLE IS CURTASY}] qwhay +tat will assay nobilnes~ quharto na vyle nor vicious~ man may cum / he suld seike and fynd +tat lady quhar' curtasy remanis quhilk ourcummis all hire enemys be hir' gracious~ swetnes~ Scho Is nocht Inwyous~ felloun~ nor prydefull / bot sobir' meike Ioyus~ and plesand allwayis in word & deid Be +te deid allway Is previt +te thing +tat Is closit in +te hert The lyf makis +te carle to be reprevit +tat makis him gentill for nobl~enes~ defaidis allway in +taim +tat has ane vicious~ schamfull & foule lyf ane outtragious~ tung ane Invious~ hert and perillous hand garris all men be hatit and in curtas~ men makis wele +tam self and +tar' gudis be mony ways to be provyne In +tam may nocht be couerit nor remane wikitnes~ evill nor welany Thai haue neuer fen+geit countenance nor dangerous~ manere bot allway lufand and gracious~ chere teching all men to na man dangerus~ Bot allway rewlit mesurit and gydit in word & deid O noble man ane hed our hasty rigour dispyte & riatus tung / makis allway stryf / discord and ganestanding in word and deid [}THE VIIJ WERTEU IS DELIGENCE &}]

sEn +tat werteu makis It self perfyte be pane & travale The saull be travale Is +te better and +te lyf mare hale The man be trawell cummis wys~ / sekere and expert and ydilnes~ Is fule nyce carlich~ vnprovidit nocht rekand and vnsekire That neuer des~eruice loving pryce nor grace ane man may wele Iuge +tat nobilnes~ tynis hire in ane swere and dolf hert +tat travalis for na thing ffor he livis as at nocht +tat persewis nocht deligens quhilk waikis all wertuis~ deligence Is nychtboure till nobl~enes~ / for scho It Is +tat gydis reulis & conducis all his werkis and doyngis quharof nobilnes~ apperis It Is folie and vanite to ony man of noble & hie blude to trast or hald him self noble without +tat he appere and schewe him noble be his wertuis~ dedis ffor he +tat in all his deidis lufis negligence delitand in Idilnes~ his name fallis his wertuis~ tynis and he Is liffand as ane deid man for It Is na rek nor compt of his lyf +tat sawis nocht deligence quhilk awalkynnis all v+ter wertuis~ Quhat avalis or quhat Is ane man worth~ +tat musis & lyis in slogardy +tat will haue ane soft bed ane full wame remanynge at eis~ and pece +te tyme day be day and wolke be wolke and rekis nocht nor takis na compt how all thing pas~ quhat be wonnyng or quhat be tynt and will haue men befor him bairhed kneland & sayng +tat he Is ane noble quhilk Is gret merwell quhar' his awne deidis schawis +te contrare Bot quha +tat Is ane noble he leris quharof servis~ deligence +tat awalkinnis all v+ter wertuis~ O noble man

The wyne graip rottis and deis gif It ly at +te erd vnder' +te leif +te mischeif & fall awys~ & consulis a man / and deligence +tat awalkis all wertuis~ In travale makis of ane rude & vnnurist man ane man cuning perte & weile manerit [}THE IX WERTEU IN ANE NOBLE MAN IN CLENLYNES~}] the hert set in nobilnes~ and desyrand hie honour' suld dispyse all filth~ and vnhonestye for he disprysis his nobl~enes~ +tat takis kepe and tent till v+ter mennis gyding and kepis nocht him self clene / he +tan suld no+ter say nor do thing +tat war' to discommend nor +tat micht empaire or scaith~ ane no+tire man / Nor +tat mycht menys~ his awne lose and honour gif he avisit thocht & lukit weile to him self +tat takis tent and kepe till all v+ter men / foule spekyng and mekle missayng or flyting or ane vnhonest devyse to +te man +tat Is sene and behaldyn~ be mony men For honeste Is requyrit to kepe in saif garde +taim +tat takis compt and kepe of othere mennis gyding O noble man be clenlynes~ of persoun~ plesand and fair' having +tai kepe +taim fra filth~ +tat takis kepe to all other' men & [}THE TENT WERTEU IN ANE NOBLE MAN IN LARGES~}] Larges~ in all caise Is sa curtase and awenand +tat It plesis to It self and proffettis all v+teris for It Is +te rent of honour quharof +te ane wynnis proffet and +te othere merit / It proffettis +te takere and delytis +te gevare and amendis and settis +taim baith~ in richt Thar' Is nathing tynt +tat larges~ dispendis for he dispendis

all his gudis be wisdome and to larges~ allway gudis cummis and aboundis / bot +te prothocall man spendand without mesour and provisioun~ waistis and distroys larges~ +tan +tat proffettis & eikis him self & plesis and contentis all v+teris Is +te techere of all wertuis~ in +tis warld The reward takin oblissis +te takere and acquytis +te giffare of his bounte / Thing +tairfor gevin Is better +tan all +te laif of gudis hid # reportis bot litill thank Ioy or plesour and auarice Is warijt and haldin abhominable be samekle +tat scho closis hire hand & giffis to na man and It cummis ofttymis to +te auaricius / +tat ane no+ter spendis & puttis to +te wynd +te gudis +tat he gadderit with gret truble & pane and gif +tair cummis to him wexacoun~ were or trubble +tair Is na man +tat comptis or settis +tairby suppos~ It confound him / bot larges~ gettis all tyme frendis & helpe +tat Is +te techere of all wertu In +tis warld herfore ane fre liberale hert quharein nobl~nes~ Inhabitis suld nocht be scars~ & haldand bot blyth~are & mare Iocund to gif +tan to tak / ffor larges~ # relevis & succouris a man and scarsnes~ Interdytis nobilite / gud dedis Is sic / +tat god will +tat It be rewardit / herefor be larges~ +te gud departis cummis again Gud deid tynis neuer It self in na tyme bot samekle as It dois redoundis again to his mastere for larges~ beris +te standart vpon~ all rentis # +tat Is +te techere of all wertuis~ in +tis warld O noble man +te Riche man +tat lattis honour for expens~ / gudis fal+geis him & all schift in him confoundis be larges~ +te hertis of men ar # sene and vnderstand +tat Is +te techer' of all vertuis in +tis warld [}THE XJ WERTEU IN A NOBLE MAN IS SOBERNES~}] qwhen gud desyre Intendis to ascend & cum to hicht puttis +te thocht to cum to honour +tan suld ane man hald & reull him sobirly & eschew distemperance

of wyne and heit +tat torned gud awys~ in foly / grevis # strenth~ dois wrang & hurtis +te nature trublis pece / movis discord & levis all thing vnperfyte Bot quha +tat will draw sobirnes~ to him sche Is helplie of litill applesit helpe of +te wittis # wach~ to +te hele kepare of +te body and contynewale lynther' of +te lyf / ffor to exces~ +tair may neuer cum gud nor proffit nor body nor lyf Is neuer +te better / and sa It tynis all manere continens / voce / aynd / lichtnes~ & colour / a glutone allway has sum seknes~ or sorowe he Is hevy fat & foull / his lyf schortis & his deid approchis Thar' Is na man +tat bevalis or menys a man gif he drawis him nocht to sobirnes / ffor # sobirnes~ Is scho +tat all man plesis / helpe of +te wittis wach~e of the hele / kepere of +te body & lynthere of +te lyf and he +tat can nocht reule his mouth~ +tat Is vschere to +te hert how suld he cum to knawlege to haue gyding of gret thingis / Glutony allway levis hie honour & grathis allanerlye ded to him self ane full wame is neuer at eis~ bot slepand for v+ter # thingis he neuer thinkis dois nor dremes bot sobirnes~ giffis all thingis in sufficience and to all thing +tat werteu Is for sche Is help of +te wittis wach~ to +te hele kepare of +te body & lynther' of +te lyf & [}THE XIJ WERTEU IN ANE NOBL~E / IS PERSEUERANCE}] o Excellent hie / and godlie werteu mychti qwene & lady perseuerance That makis perfyte fulfillis & endis all thingis / for quha +tat kepis +ti faith~full & trew # teching / fyndis with~out stope The way of loving / pece / & sufficence Thow ourcummis all thing be +ti sekere constance +tat tyris neuer to suffere Thou ourcummis wanhap +tat passis fortoun~ / & in all placis scho giffis to +te victory / +tan be reson~ you gettis +te crovne quhen all wertuis~ giffis to +te ourhand and # be +ti gyding cummis to hie loving Thai suld wele adoure +te as lady mastres~ & patron~ sen~ +te end makis all thing to be # lovit Thow art scho +tat examynis all hartis and as +te gold chesis out +te fynit hartis in treuth~ & lawte be +ti hvmill # sufferans and quha +tat to +te assuris & deliueris him self +tow rasis # him quhen he Is to fall and giffis him sustenance & com[{fort{]

bot +te feble hert cassyn~ in wariance spillis & tynis in schort space all +tat It dois Inwy brekis sic folkis +tai want werteu in defalt of faith~ tyris +tam and honour habandonis tham +tai ar' pvnist / Lady god thank +te for gud men has gud +tat to gud attendis and all nobillis +tat seikis to hie worschip gif +tai be wys~ and will awowe to serf +te / Sen~ +te end makis all werkis to be lovit he dois na thing +tat begynnis & endis nocht And +tat in his werkis Inclinis him to warians Quhen +te wark Is hie worthy and loveable gif +te vndertaking turn~ nocht to perfyte end his laubour passis as at nocht and remanis out of Rememberans and +tat Is attoure mesour repref & schame ffor thare a man tynis his name & his sciens and his gudis Incontinent ar tynt & gais to nocht Bot quha +tat with richt ordanis & avysis his doyngis and to a perfyte end in treuth~ & lawte perfurnisis +taim his gudis than makis +taim to be amendit & ekit and +tai +tat # Incontinent & hasty +geldis +taim to fortoun~ that Is to aduersite may furth~with disawow nobilnes~ sen~ +te end in all thingis makis +te werk to be louit O noble man +tai ar' nobillis +tat dispendis +tair body & gudis in treuth~ & lawte & defendis +tar lord nocht lowsand +te richt knot of +tair faith~ sen~ +te end makis all warkis to be louit & [^DE IRLANDIA, JOHANNES. THE MEROURE OF WYSSDOME, VOL. I. ED. CHARLES MACPHERSON. SCOTTISH TEXT SOCIETY, SECOND SERIES, 19. EDINBURGH AND LONDON 1926. SAMPLE 1: PP. 5.1-16.28 SAMPLE 2: PP. 90.1-93.37 SAMPLE 3: PP. 118.1-125.36^]

[} [\ (\EXORDIUM.\) \] }] Richt Hie and mychty prince and Souuerane lorde, as writtis the gret and devin philosophoure plato: (\Tunc beate sunt res publice, cum sapientes regunt aut reges sapiunt & omne suum studium jn sapientia atque virtute collocant\) . This wis~ philosophoure sais that the realme and # pepill are gouernit jn gret wertu and felicite, quhen the kingis, # princis, and gouernouris are reulit be wis~dome, and jn the gouernyng of +tar pepill wsis the counsale of wertuis and wise men. And # conformand to +tis sais the wyse man: (\Multitudo sapientum salus est orbis terrarum et rex sapiens salus populi\) . And of this js # na marwell, for god that is omnipotent, +tocht he be of jnfynit # powere to gouerne the waurld, the hevin, the Erd, the angellis, the # men and all creature and to his powere may nocht Ere in regimen # and gubernacioune, Neuirtheles~ to gif kingis, lordis, and princis exempill hou +tai suld reule and gouerne +tar pepill committit # to +tame, his hie maieste gouernis nocht be strenthe ore force, # bot with his powere rewlit be wis~dome, clemens, wertu, and # beneuolence. And +tus reulis and gouernis he the waurld and his creaturis jn his diuinite. And richtsua, eftir the tyme of # grace and his haly and blist jncarnacioune, quhen jt plesit his hie maieste of his mercy and grace to discend jn the virginale hall

and chaumere of the virgin glorius for oure redempcioune, he # has gouernit his kyrk and pepil be wertu and sapiens, meknes and # all maner of sueitnes~ and benignite, & sessit all manere of # rigoure vsit of before, as in his gret furore and punicioune jn the # tyme of noy, quhen be wattir all mankind war neire consumyt outane aucht persounis, And in the perdicioune of the fif citeis, of # the quhilk was sodome and gomore. Bot eftir at he was cled with oure nature and tuk humanite of the meik and humyll lady and virgin, his rigor of justice he has mixt with meknes~ and # mercy, gevand doctrine and exampill to princis, emperouris, kingis # and gouernouris of his cristin pepil how and one quhat maner +tai suld gouerne +tame and the pepil committit to +tame. And of # this regne of humilite jn his humanite spekis the prophet dauid, # king of jsrael, in +te secund psalme: (\Ego autem constitutus sum # rex ab eo super syon, montem sanctum eius, predicans preceptum eius\) # . And eftir +tat +te fader of hevin said to his blist sone jhesus: # +Tou art my blist sone, regnande with me jn glore eternall - (\dominus # dixit ad me: Filius meus es tu et ego hodie genui te, hoc est, # eternaliter genui te\) - he promittit to his blist sone jhesu in his # humanite, +tat +te power that he had befor in his deite apone the pepill # he suld gif him in oure nature and humanite, to deliuer the # pepill throu his gret merit fra the band of sathanas and dampnacioune eternall, and bring +tame +tat are werray cristin pepill and # folowis his haly name to +te hevinly heretag abuf and to glore # eternall: (\Postula a me et dabo tibi gentes hereditatem tuam & # possessionem tuam terminos terre\) . 'For +tou sall gouerne my pepill,' # sais the fader of hevin to his sone jhesu in humanite, 'be ressonabill # and jncorruptibile justice eternaly +tat na way +tai may resist to # +ti powere and dominacioune'; +tat js: (\Reges eos in virga ferrea # et tanquam vas figuli confringes eos\) . And sene the blist sone # of god, jhesus, has the gouernaunce aboue lordis, princis, kingis, and emperouris, baith in his deite and his humanite glorius, # for daniell the prophet sais in +te vij chepture: (\Aspiciebam in # visione noctis, et ecce in nubibus celi quasi filius hominis veniebat # et usque ad antiquum dierum peruenit; et dedit ei potestatem & honorem & regnum, & sequitur Potestas eius potestas eterna, que non # auferetur

et regnum quod non corrumpetur\) . And sanct johne sais in the apocalips he saw writtin (\in femore eius\) , +tat is, jn his # humanite: (\Rex regnum et dominus dominancium\) . And he is king aboue # all kingis and lord our all lordis. And sene thi hienes~ has +te gouernaunce of this pepill and regimen vndir +tis gud lord, # rycht necessare and conuenient ware, at +ti excellent maieste and the nobilis of thi realme knew the will and ordinaunce of the # hevinly king jhesu, +tat js +gour souuerane, for the honour and # obeysaunce of him. And +tarfor commandis and chargis +te prophet that all kingis and princis lere, apprehend, and knaw +te haly law and # will of +tar Souuerane lord jhesu: (\Et nunc reges intelligite # erudicionem quj judicatis terram\) . All kingis and princis suld knaw +tat # +te powere js nocht gevin to +tame to gouerne +te cristin pepil # eftir +tar will and plesaunce, [bot eftir law & resson conformand to +te law of jhesu & to his wil & plesaunce,] [\THE WORDS IN # SQUARE BRACKETS IN MARGIN\] and +tat +tai are nocht supreme in regiment and gouernyng, bot has a juge Souuerane aboue +tame, +te sone of god jhesus, +tat seis clerelie all # thare thocht, wourd, werk and deid, +tat jugis be werray justice and equite, +tat +tai of all and sindry +tar thocht wourd and deid & gouernaunce mon ansuere to. And +tarfor sais +te prophet, spekand to princis and kingis: (\Apprehendite disciplinam neque jrascatur dominus et pareatis de via iusta. Cum exarserit in breui jra eius, &c\) . Souuerane lord, the haly prophet # jnducis +ti hienes~ and vthire lordis and princis to submyt +gou humylly to jhesu and lere his law and the way of wertu, +tat eftir his # will and plesaunce +ge gouerne +gou and his pepil. For and +ge be # neclegent, nocht knawand his will nore his law and doctrine, he crabbis # and commovis him agane +gou for +te euill gouernaunce of +goure # self and his pepil, and suddanly he sall schaw +gou his crabitnes~ # and gret powere in +goure punicioune and jn his rigorus~ jugement. Bot princis and lordis +tat studiis and lauboris to knaw his # will and plesaunce, to lere his haly law pertenand to +tame and his pepil, puttand +tar will, +tar plesaunce, +tar hope and # confidence jn him, sall regne in this Erd with honour, and finaly for # +tar merit sall cum to his haly mansioune and glore eternall - (\psalmus: Beati omnes quj confidunt in eo\) . And, Souuerane lord, sene # +te

schynand glore and brichtnes~ of +te fadere of hevin and his werray substance jhesus - as sais sanct paule: (\Splendor # glorie et figura substancie eius\) - has ordand kingis and princis to # knaw his law and wyrk +tar eftir, obeyand to him, j raqueire +ti # hienes~ +tat in +ti mynd +tou honour and dreid him, puttand all laubour and deligence to his empleseire & seruice, and to +te regimen and gouernyng of his pepil +tat lifis undir +ti power and # autorite. And becaus~ +tis deductioune procedis of haly writ, perchaunce # lawde pepil comprehendis nocht the profound verite +tarof as dois clerkis. Tharfor in +te chepture folowand j sall schaw be # vthire wayis, quhat honour and proffit js to a king ore prince to wak # and geve his lauboure and study to wis~dome, sene jt is all the # steire of his gouernaunce and of his realme, (\quia sapiencie obediunt vniuersa\) .

[} [\ARGUMENT AND DEDICATION.\] }] (\In Principio Veteris Rethorice scribit tulius orator # omnium preclarissimus, sapientiam cum eloquencia ciuibus atque rei publice prodesse plurimum.\) Tulius +te gret orature of rome, in +te # begynnyng of his rethoric, writis +tat Eloquens without wis~dome js richt dangerus jn realmez and gret citeis, principaly in +te # gouernaunce of +tame, bot wis~dome without Eloquens js proffitabile. And quhen wis~dome with eloquens are myngit & assemblit togiddir, jt is richt proffitabile to +te gouernouris of +te haill pepil # of the realme. And, as +te haly scripture & auld storiis and # cornikilis witnessis, +tat has bene verifiit sene the fyrst creacioune and begynnyng of +te waurld, +tat euir gret powere, regne, and # gubernacioune has coniunclie folowit wis~dome jn all pepile, realme, and nacioune. For als~ lang as wis~dome in +te orient had place and reule, +tar was gret powere and dominacioune (\Et domus # jmperij\) . And +tarfor, fro the tyme of darius +tat first tuk +te realme, # +tar rang in hie powere apone +te asserianis xvii kingis quhil +te # tyme of sardanapaulus, +tat was gevin to fleschly plesaunce (\adeo # quod fuit effeminatus\) . And jn his tyme was translatit +tat # nobile realme and hie empyre, fra tyme +tat wis~dome fal+geit jn the prince # +tat was alhaly gevin to fleschly lust and plesaunce, & eftir this # stud the realme and empyre (\apud persas et medos\) , and al the # tyme +tat wis~dome remanit amang +tame. And quhen wys~dome begouthe in grece, as jn the tyme of tebez, jasone and hercules, +tan # begouth +tar nobile cheualry and worthines~, as in the lauboure of colcos~ and +te first subuersioune of troye. And quhen wis~dome grew mare, as jn +te tyme of Nestor, agamenone, diomeid, vlixes and achilles, +tan was +tar gret worthines~ of cheualry and # deidis

of armes, & in +te partis of asie, as troye, frigie and vthire # partes, and +tan +te nobilite of +tat pepile and of grece, for +te # wictory jn honour and worthines~, jn cheualry & nobile deidis of armez, had gret contencioune togiddir. Quhare in +te gret nobilite of troy, as pryame, hector, deiphobus, paris, troylus, and mony vthire wal+geand king and duc and knycht, in gret wertu and honour for +tar cuntre & defence passit fra +tis mortall and wrechit lif, and had done sone eftir and nocht jn sic honour, and +tai had nocht defendit +tar nobile cuntre and cite. For # +tis sentens was ferme jn +tare mynd: (\Omnibus quj patriam # auxerint, defenderint, aut pro ea laborauerint, certus est apud Superos # in celis defunctus locus, apud quem beati uno fruuntur eterno\) . And # the victorie, glorie and honour fell to +te grekis for +tar gret # wis~dome and nobilnes~. And eftir +tis, quhen mare and gretare was +tar wis~dome, (\qum late dominabantur Athenienses & lacedemonie et scripserunt leges\) , And quhen +te nobile philosophouris rang # in grece, as solone, socrates, plato, diogenes, aristotiles, # achines, ysocrates, demostenes, as in the tyme of king phillip and alexander, +tan grece beggan to aspyre to +te hie empyre and monarche, and alexander throu his worthines~ and wys~ counsale of arestotil come to jt. And +tan begouthe and sone eftir rais~ to hie powere, The gret dominacioune and empyre of # cartage, throu +te gret wis~dome of +tar gouernouris to +te tyme of # bomulcare, hastruball, and hanyball, +tat put jt anis to gret price and honour. Bot as wis~dome succedit to diuers~ naciounis and pepil, sa dois the nobilite of cheualry and +te empyre. And quhen +te nobile and wis~ counsall of rome, +te senate, tuk # the gouernaunce of +te cite and land, be +tar wis~ counsall +tai # extendit fyrst +tar regime and empyre oure all the landis of ytaly and # +te jlis, as cecill, sardyn, corsik, and eftirwart, be wis~ # gouernaunce and reule, oure spane, affric, fraunce, almane, gret bertane, # egipt and the maist part of the orient: (\qum apud romanos fuerunt viri sapientissimj vt fabij, catones, scipiones, cesares\) . # And +tar wis~dome was sa gret with +tare nobile cheualry +tat +tai put amaist all +te Erd vndir +tar law, powere and gouernaunce, sa # +tat at the glorius byrth of jhesu, +te euuangell beris witnes~ # +tat +tai

had full dominacioune jn +te realme of jsraell, and in his # passioune (\Exiit edictum ab augusto cesare ut discriberetur vniuersus # orbis\) . And jhesus tholit passioune undir the romanis, that +tat tyme gouernit jerusalem, for (^poncius pilatus^) was juge. And +tis # js nocht anerly verite and treuthe of comuniteis and pepil +tat has had reule jn +te waurld be +tar wis~dome bot alsua jt js trew of # princis kingis and emperouris, (\quia sapiencia dicit: Per me reges # regnant et legum conditores justa decernunt\) . We se and redis +tat # all nobile and worthi kingis and emperouris has had +tar regime throw +tar awine wis~dome ore ellis be wis~ counsale, as dauid # and salamone his sone jn +te realme of jsrael be +te hevinly # wis~dome +tat god send +tame, for +tai ware wisest of all the pepil, # And worthi to gouerne. And pharo gouernit jn +te realme of Egipt jn +te tyme of sterelite be +te wis~ counsale of joseph. The gret king nabugodonosare reulit mekile be +te counsale of wis~ daniell, # & assuerus, be +te counsale of faire and wis~ hester, his lady # and quene, and hire cusing mardocheus, gouernit his pepill jn # wertu. And alexander throu the counsall of aristotiles optenit # triumphe & +te monarche oure mony diuers~ pepile & nacioune; the nobile traiane, Emperoure of rome, full of justice, +tat sanct # gregore prayit for, was discipill to plutark and reulit be his counsale; gret # constantyne was gydit be the gret and haly siluester. And +te gret emperoure charlis of fraunce was reulit be alcuyne of +tis yle # of bertane, and throu his counsall studeit and knew philosophy and +te sevin sciens and gretly occupiit him jn +te haly science # of theologie, and +tarfor he had gret victorye agane the jnnemeis # of god and the faithe and foundit many nobile abbayis and the nobile and worthi vniuersite of paris~. And schortlie, all the nyne nobile jn armes are cummyn to +tat honour throu +tar gret wis~dome, at pepill, merwaland on +tare dedis, extollit +tame # oure all uthire. And +ti hienes~ may tak exampil of nobile king # dauid, sone to sanct margret, +tat jn his tyme foundit mony placis of religioune and be his wertu was a meroure and exampill of wertu to all princis befor and eftir. And +tarfor, Souuerane lord, # and +ti hienes~ desyre honour and obediens of +ti pepil and # victorie

of +ti jnnemeis, serue god at all poynt, leire wis~dome and # reule +ti self and +ti pepil be jt, ore ellis finaly all +ti werkis # will disples~ god and turne to foly. And, sene j speik samekile of wis~dome, +ti hienes~ may spere at me quhat thing jt is and how +ti # +goutheid and nobill wyt may grow and jncres~ +tarto. As to +te first, aristoteles +te gret clerk and philosophoure jn +te secund buk # of methaphesik sais +tat jt is a nobile thing and knawlage +tat # all the philosophouris has lauborit for, and euirilkane of +tame # gat part of jt, bot neuir ane come to +te perfeccioune +tar of. # And sum sais +tat jt js +te gift of grace and haly and wertuus # liffing. Othere sais +tat jt is obediens and complecioune of the law and # commandment of god and standis jn to fulfilling and hering of gud and wis~ counsal. Bot +te verite js that Souuerane wis~dome js a # gift of the haly spreit, and ane of the hiest and maist nobile of # the diuinite and hevinly thingis. And it js gottin be +te # jnspiracioun of the haly spreit, & als be +te haly scripture and science of theologie +tat teichis men +te gret dignite of eternall joy of paradice, and the way and the mene tocum to jt; bot thire opyniounis befor Spokin tellis part of condiciounis and # properteis +tat foluis jt, (\quia Sapiencia est rerum diuinarum et # humanarum certa cognicio\) . Bot waurldly wis~dome js accumilacioune of honoris, digniteis, riches, gud fortoune and happines, and jt # js oftymes na wis~dome bot foly, (\quia Sapiencia huius mundi stulticia est apud deum\) . And as to +te secund, wis~dome js gottin throu gud lif & clene consciens, for +te devin sapiens sais: (\In animam maliuolam non introibo neque jn corpore subdito peccatis\) . And +tarfor, Souuerane lord, cleng +ti # conscience, dreid god, serue him with hert and mynd, haue +ti desyre to get wis~dome for +te weill of +ti self and gouernaunce of thi pepil, ask jt humylly at +te fadere of hevin, and +tou art # abill to be hard. And +ti hienes~ desirand this gyft of wis~dome suld haue thre consideracioune. Ane, how +tou has lyfit jn tyme passit; forthing +ti fautis and ask mercy and jndulgence at +te fadere of hevin. Ane vthire of the tyme present, how +ti # hienes lyfis, and quhethire +ti manere of lyfing jn +ti state riall # plesis to god ore nocht. For quhilis the prince js punyst for +te synnis # of

the pepil and quhilis +te pepil for +te fautis and trespassis # of the prince; we se gret trubile in this realme, hungere, mortalite, # rebellioune and jnobediens. And +tarfor the gud kyrkmen suld pray for +ti hienes~, sayand: (\Deus iudicium tuum regi da et # justiciam tuam filio regis, judicare populum tuum in justicia et # pauperes tuos jn judicio\) . We kyrkmen, souuerane lord, suld pray +te # fadere of hevin to send +te wertu, justice and mercy to gouerne +ti # persoune and +ti pepil on to +te plesaunce of his hie maieste, for +tan baithe gret & small in +ti realme mycht lif in rest, pece and quiet: (\Quia suscipiant montes, hoc est, magni pacem populo, # et colles, hoc est, parui justiciam\) . The thrid consideracioune +tou # suld have of the tyme to cum, and fyrst of the kyrk, +tat +tou put nocht jgnorant ore licht persounis and of euill lif jn benefice ore digniteis, for +te kyrk js meroure and exampil to all the # pepil, and be +tar wis~dome, haly lif and gud counsall +tai suld reule and gouerne all the laif. And +tarfor +ti hienes~ suld tak # tent to this document, for quhen kyrkmen and +tar prayeris are nocht hard be jhesu, +tar lord and master, all the nobilite and pepil fallis jn horribile synnis, as adultery, separacioune fra +tar # wyfis, Reff, slauchtir and mony wtheris. And jhesus sais of the # kyrkmen: (\Quj non jntrat per ostium jn ouile sed aliunde, jlle fur est # et latro\) . And, for caus~ kyrkmen are nocht worthi to +te # benefice nore digniteis and enteris wykitlie jn the kyrk, jt is # horribile to se +tar lyf and gouernance. And be ware, Souuerane lord, that # thi hienes~ faill nocht jn thire mataris now declarit jn +ti # realme anens the nobile spous~ of jhesu, +te halykyrk, for +tat offendis # +te hie maieste of god maist of ony thing. And eftirwert considere to # +te gouernaunce of the temporalite of thi realme; awis~ hou jt # suld be gouernit, hou jt was gouernit befor +ti tyme, and how +tou come to jt. And +ti counsalouris suld be men of wis~dome, luffand and dredand god oure all thing, lufand the realme & +te commone proffit of jt mare na +tar propir persoune, thare barnis, +tar # proffit, +tar frendis ore autorite. Thai suld be men of justice, for to defend the kyrk, +te pure and all the pepill, and nouthire # tholl nore do oppressioune to ony persoune; +tai suld be clene of consciens, rutit jn meiknes~ and piete, woid of all hatrent and jnwy, for, sene +tai wse +ti autorite and gouernis the pepill # throu

+ti ordinaunce, +tou mon ansuere for +tame and thare deidis # befor +te hie juge. And +tarfor considere +tat +ti office js nobile, # hie & excellent and of hevy charge, and necessare is +tat oft and # mony tymez +ti propir persoune be jn counsale special jn +te gret # materis of +te realme, +tat +ti hienes~ & +goutheid may lere wis~dome, and jn +ti presens men will nocht be sa parciell as in +ti # absence. Alsua +ti hienes~, j traist, thinkis to enter jn paradice in # propir persoune and nocht be procuratoure. Therfor +tou suld do oftymez +te office +tat jhesus has commyttit to +te jn propere persoune, and lef now +goutheid and wantonnes, for god has # gevin the ane nobile and excellent wit +tat +tou may weill wse jn # his seruice. And plesit +ti hienes~ +tat +tis werk be callit +te # meroure of wis~dome or A. B. C. of cristianite, for it sall contene v # bukis. Jn the first sall be schawin +te hevinly wis~dome and doctrine # of jhesu +te sone of god and wis~dome of the fadere, contenit jn # the (\pater noster\) , that he teichit his apostilis & discipulis # and +tai haue teichit ws; jn +te quhilk js contenit all thing necessare # and proffitabile for us & oure saluacioune, baithe jn this present # lif and tocum. Jn the secund sal be schawin hou, eftir +te perdicioune & tinsall of mankind, the hevinly wis~dome of the trinite # ordand the reparacioune and restauracioune to be maid be the mene of # a lady and virgin, and +tat the blist sone of god suld discend jn hire and tak humanite. Jn the thrid buk sal be schawin +te foundament of cristianite, +tat js, +te faithe catholic, for # vpone jt is foundit all the hale Edific and bigging of haly kyrk, as jhesus sais: (\Super hanc petram, hoc est, hanc fidem, quam tu es # confessus, edificabo ecclesiam meam\) . And +tis halykyrk +te sone of god, jhesus, jn his humanite has foundit - (\psalmus: Homo natus # est in ea et ipse fundauit eam altissimus\) . The hie and mychtty lord Ihesus, sone of god jn humanite, has foundit this edefiis and bigging of the haly kirk, his lady, his luf and Spous~, first # on thre gret montanis, +tat is on +te faithe of +te thre persounis jn # diuinite jn a substaunce, and apone xij nobile pillaris mare precius nore gold ore precius stanis - (\psalmus: fundamenta eius jn # montibus sanctis diligit dominus, portas syon super omnia tabernacula Jacob\) . Thire pillaris are the xij artikilis of the faithe; # heire +ti

hienes~ may persaue +te gret ardent luf that jhesus has to +te kyrk. And +tis knawlage that we haue of the divinite and his werkis throu +te faithe js hevinly wis~dome, for jhesus said # to Sanct petire, spekand of the faithe: (\beatus es, symon # bariona, quia caro & sanguis non reuelauit tibi, sed pater meus quj jn celis # est\) . The ferd buk sall treit of the gret dignite of +te vij haly # sacramentis +tat ware alway necessare for oure saluacioune. And +te V buk sal schaw +ti hienes~ mony nobile doctrine, hou +tou sall gouerne the anens god, +ti pepil and +ti realme. And in +tis present werk j purpos~ quhilis to introduce +te haly # scripture, +tat my sawis haue mare autorite. Alsua, jn this land a[{r{] mony, # as j wndirstand, +tat are nocht sekyre in the faithe of jhesus, and # for +tar confusioune ore ellis conuersioune (+tat j mare desyr) j # introduce +te scripture. And +tis j do for +te gret proffit of +te pepil # and to conferme +tame in +te haly doctrine of jhesu. Alsua j allege # +te scripture, +tat sum, +tat happin has mynd of pryd, to reprehend and tak in euil significacioune +te thing +tat js done for +te # honour of god and proffit of the pepil, seand the haly writ & the # haly science of theologie, ses~ +tat curage and be content of # ressoune. And, Souuerane lord, ples~ thi hienes~ and nobile excellence to resaue +tis werk jn gud mynd for the honour of the gret and mychty lord jhesu and +te proffit of +ti pepil, and be sic luf # and mynd as +ti chapillane and oratoure has lauborit jn jt for +ti plesaunce. For, with help of jhesu, jt sall be worthe the # redene; and on the halyday ore ilk day of lentyrne +ti hienes~ may # heire a chepture of jt, for, as sais wys~ Salamone: (\Audiens sapiens sapiencior erit et jntelligens gubernacula possidebit\) . Thy # fader of gud mynd, +tat j was orature and confessoure to and tendirlie lefit with, resauit with gud mynd and hertlie deuocioune a buk j maid of +te concepcioune virginal of the lady moder of jhesu, hou sche was consauit jn all clennes~ without # originale syn. And +te making of this buk he desirit richt gretlie, and sa did his pepil; bot, sene he js passit fra ws and js wndir +te mercy of jhesu, this buk js maid for +te honour and proffit of +ti hienes~ and of +ti pepil. Bot j desyre gretlie # +tat +ti fader of gud mynde have help and suple be +te lauboure +tat j

haue maid in jt, and be +te deuot prayere of +tame +tat will # reid jt and tak doctrine +tarof. And to emples~ +ti hienes~ j sall lauboure sua with the help of god that, redand and studeand # +tis werk, +tou sal be richt perfit jn theologi, and jn +te haly # science of the diuinite +tou sall knaw mony of the gretest and profound questioune +tat clerkis determys of. And j sall proced be ressoune naturall, +tat j sall caus~ +ti naturall wyt and # ressoune to conforme jt to the faithe and the artikilis of it. And j pray richt humylly +te lecture, +tat he reid +tis buk with cherite # and benyng interpretacioune, and tak heid to +te verite and # conclusoune writtin jn jt, and als to +tar probacioune, for jt +tat can nocht be declarit in a conclusioune +tai wil find declarit jn # ane vthire. And oftymes +te sentens of a conclusioune js schawin and manifest jn +te probacioune of jt, for sa dois all # doctouris +tat writis bukis. And gif +tai do +tis, j traist +tai sall find na # faute nore repugnaunce jn +tis werk. Alsua, and jt ples~ +ti hienes~ ore # +te lecture of +tis, he may devid jt v+tir way jn sevin bukis. The # first js of the (\pater noster\) . The secund of the (\Aue maria\) . # The thrid of +te creid and exponicioune of jt. The ferd declaris +te # perfeccioune of mannis nature, and prufis be mony ressounis naturale +te faithe of jhesu and artikilis of jt. The v spekis of the # fre liberte of man +tat is callit (\liberum arbetrium\) And of the presciens devin and predestinacioun jn gret profundite, # fol+geand mony argumentis, at +te jnnemy jnducis in mennis mynd & cogitacioune. The sex is of +te sacramentis, and +te vij spekis of lawis and hou +ti hienes~ suld haue +te anens god and +ti # pepil, and +tar are gevin mony doctrynis richt proffitabile to +te # and all +ti pepill.

[} [\CHEPTUR VI.\] }] [}THIS CHEPTURE SCHAWIS THE GRET NECESSITE +TAT WE HAD OF THE HALY JNCARNACIOUNE OF JHESU, AND OF HIS HELP AND SUPLE, AND HOW GRETLIE WE ARE OBLIST & BEHALDIN TO HIM.}] And +te Thingis befor Schewin and declarit euerilk man may wndirstand, that jn oure humanite and nature, and in jlkane of us, are twa obligaciounis, be the quhilkis we are # oblist to +te deite. The fyrst js naturale, to honour and serue god oure # all thing, for considerand +te hie nobile nature and hie giftis # +tat god has gevin to us, we are oblist oure all thing for +te honour # and seruice of him, sene for his laude, glore, honour and seruice # he has maid and ordand all kynd of creaturis. And quhen +te man was jnobedient to god, offendand him jn +te brekin of his command, and committand the cryme of lesit maieste agane his hienes~ and diuinite, +tan fell he jn ane vthire obligacioune, throw +te # quhilk he js oblist to restore +te honour and obediens +tat he aucht to # god, and, sa fere as was jn him, he tuk fra him. And +te secund # obligacioune brekis nocht the first, for jt js naturale, and +tus +te man js oblist to luf god oure all thing, to honour him, to serue # him, and to repaire and mak satisfaccioune for +te faute and # trespas +tat he has maid agane his hienes~ and dignite. And +tat he may nocht do, for he is woundit jn his natur throw the originale # syn, and tynt his hie state and +te giftis of grace +tat was gevin # to him. And +tis impossibilite excusis him nocht, for his self was +te # caus~ +tarof. Alsua, he may nocht restore nore mak satisfaccioune for the cryme +tat he has commyttit of lesit maieste agane the # godheid,

heid, and his jnobediens, for jt js infynit +tat he aw to # restore and mak satisfaccioune for, and +tat he may nocht do; allsua, all # +tat he may do, he js oblist to, be +te wertu of his first # obligacioune +tat js naturale. And, +tarfor, for +te secund obligacioune he # may nocht mak satisfaccioune, and the secund obligacioune causis # +tat +te man may nocht complet nore fulfill +te fyrst. Alsua, +te # offence +tat oure progenitouris committit agane god js jnfinit, for +te gretare +tat +te persoune be of dignite +tat js offendit, +te # mare and gretare js +te offence, and, for caus~ god js infynit in # maieste, jn powere jn wis~dome, jn wertu and jn all gudnes~, +tarfore +te offence and cryme committit agane him js infinit (\ex parte # obiecti\) at he has offendit, and +tus +te man may noucht mak # satisfaccioune for jt. Alsua, +te honour of god excedis all creature, sene all creature js maid for his honoure and loving, and, sene he # js jnfinit, his honour suld be jnfynit, for +te mare +tat +te # persoune be of dignite, he suld be +te mare honorit, and +tarfor the man, # +tat dishonorit god, js oblist to restore to him sa mekile as his # honoure js wourthe, and +tat he may nocht do, for his honour excedis # all creaturis. And +tus +te man, throw his syn and trespas~, has # fallin jn sic obligacioune, +tat all the creaturis of the waurld may # nocht mak satisfaccioune for him. Alsua, +te faute +tat he has # committit agane +te hie maieste has oblist him to suffer jnfynit pane and eternalle dampnacioune, for +te mare and gretare +tat +te # trespas~ be, +te gretar suld be +te punycioune. And +tis is richt # conuenient, for ellis jn +te waurld ware nouthire ordoure, wis~dome nor gouernaunce, bot geve gud werkis and meritis ware knawin and rewardit, and synnis, fautis, and crymys punyst be justice. And +tus, be werray richt law and justice, man mone thole # eternall and jnfinit pane, or ellis mak satisfaccioune for his # trespas~; for ellis displesaunce & jniure done to god remanit without ony maner of justice, remeid ore correccioune. And, gif +te # satisfaccioune ware just and ressonabile, jt suld be sa mekile as js the pane at jt deliueris fra, +tat js, eternal & infinit. And # ressoune wauld, +tat +te man offerit, of his awne will and liberte, and # of his awne propir pertinence, sa mekile of waloure as +te waloure of # the thing quharfor he suld nocht haue offendit nore displesit god. And, sene +te honour and dignite of god js sa grete +tat, for # +te waloure ore tynsall of a thousand waurldis and all creaturis, # he

suld nocht [{haue{] offendit him, ore done oucht agane the # will and plesaunce and command of god, for to saif all creaturis; And sene this thing the man may nocht restore, na do, na may nocht mak sic satisfaccioune, +tarfor jt is richt manifest +tat +te # stat that we haue fallin jn js richt hevy, sene +te port of paradice js # closit throu +te originale syn +tat we drew of Adam, and mony vthire actuall synnis +tat we haue committit and committis, and we # haue tynt +te hevinly heretage of paradice, +tat we may na way # recouer be oure self ore oure wertu. For, sene the satisfaccioune suld # be jnfynit, all +te men and creaturis jn +te waurld and jnfynit # waurldis mycht nocht mak sic satisfaccioune as js requirit for +tis # offence. And +tus, sene the culpe and syn is nocht distroyit bot be +te contrare, +tat js, meryt, and +te offence & displesaunce bot # throw plesaunce +tat god takis jn +te operacioune and gud werk, and # +tis +te man +tat has fautit may nocht do him self, na all the # creaturis jn +te waurld for him, +tarfor he ware and js mekile behaldin # to him +tat maid +tis satisfaccioune for him, puttand away +te # offence of god, and gettand forgevnes of jt, deliuerand him fra +tis # pane eternal and infynit, and restorand him to +te nobile and hie # state of grace, and bringand him to his auld heretage, to se +te # bricht & schynand diuinite, and hevinly glore of angellis. And sene +tis satisfaccioune mone be maid of a thing +tat js nocht sua oblist to god be ane vthire manere ore kind of dete, for # ellis, +te man ware oblist to pay jt for +tat thing and nocht for +tis, # and sene +te man js oblist be vthire way as be wertu of +te # beneficez of creacioune, conseruacioune and mony vthire way to serue god jn all that he may, jt js cleire +tat he may nocht mak # satisfaccioune sufficient for +tis trespas. Alsua, +te satisfaccioune suld be jnfynit, to deliuere fra infinit pane, and put away +te # offence jnfynit. And, +tarfor, it +tat he suld offere to god, to mak # +tis concord and bring him to grace, mone be jnfynit and exced all creature, and +tat may nocht be bot be the godheid +tat # excedis all creature jnfinitlie, +tarfor he +tat mone mak +tis # satisfaccioune, and maid jt be necessite, was werray god. (\Non dico de necessitate absoluta, sed congruencie et justicie.\) And, sene nane js # oblist to mak +tis satisfaccioune bot the man, +te persoune +tat maid jt behufit to be baithe god and man, and nocht twa persounis, ane,

god, and ane vthire, man, bot a persone, for, and the ta # persoune had bene god and nocht man, he aucht nocht to haue maid sic satisfaccioune, and +te man, +tat was nocht god, mycht nocht # haue maid jt, and +tarfor behufit, a persoune be jn baithe +te # naturis. And thus, +te persoune has jn him a thing +tat excedis all # creatur, +tat is, +te deite and godheid, and, sene this persoune js god # and aw nocht for his self, +tarfore he may pay and mak satisfaccioune # for all vthire men, +tat may nocht mak satisfaccioune for +tare # self. And +te satisfaccioune of this persoune js jnfynit, and # deliueris us of +te jnfinit obligacioune and pane, and +tus alanerly jn +tis persone, +tat js baithe god and mane, js funde +tis hie meryt jnfinit and satisfaccioune, and +tat be doubile way. Ane, for his persoune js jnfynit, sene he is werray god jn persoune; ane vthire way, for god accepis +tis meryt jnfinitlie, and mekile # mare has plesaunce of jt na he had displesaunce of the syn of Adam, or +tis persoune was mekile worthiar +tan Adam ore all # creature, and a thousand tymes mar obedient to +te fadere of hevin +tan Adam was jnobedient - (\Paulus: Qui cum jn forma dei esset, # non rapinam arbitratus est se esse equalem deo patri, sed # semetipsum exinaniuit formam serui accipiens, & habitu inuentus vt homo: factus est obediens usque ad mortem\) . And +tis merit was # wrocht a thousand tymes with mare nobile circumstaunce +tan +te syn of Adam was committed with euill circumstaunce, and be ardent and jnenarrabile cherite - (\johannes: sic deus dilexit # mundum, vt filium suum vnigenitum daret, ut omnis, quj credit jn eum, non p[{e{]reat, sed habeat vitam eternam, et jterum paulus: # proprio filio non pepercit, sed pro nobis omnibus tradidit illum\) . And # +tus, sene the syn and offence of Adam was bot away jnfinit, jnsafer as jt was agane +te jnfinit maieste of god and +te deite, and as to +te persoune +tat committit +te syn, Adam, jt was fynyt, and # the nobile merit of jhesu was jnfinit baithe anens god, +tat jt # was done to, +tat tuk jnfynit plesaunce in jt, and anens the persoune # +tat did jt, for he js god and jnfynit, +tarfor +tis persoune throu # +tis merit ourecom & distroit all haill +te jniure, offence and # displesaunce +tat the man committit agane the diete and hie maieste. And +tis nobile persoune, jhesus, did +tis of ardent cherite # and fre will, at was jnfinitlie accepit to god.

[} [\CHEPTUR X.\] }] [}THIS FOLOWAND CHEPTURE SCHAWIS +TE NOBILE ARGUMENTIS & PERSUASIONIS OF +TE HEVINLY LADY, DAME PES~, +TE PERSUASIOUNIS OF +TE HALY ANGELLIS & +TAR DEUOT PRAYERE FOR MANKIND, +TE MERCIFULL SENTENS OF THE HEVINLY WIS~DOME AND BLISSIT ORDINANCE OF MERCIFULL JHESU.}] Vith +tis come sodanly +te schynand and bricht lady, dame pes~, and, jnclynand befor +te hevynnis lorde and king, hire fader, sche said: 'O prince of pes~, O wis~dome jnfynit, # and reulare of all creature, jn +ti realme may na way +tis strif # Endure. We knaw fader +tat all nobile citeis and realmez, all gret # empyris be strif has bene wndone. Strif and discord begouth jn +te # hevinly realme aboue, bot be +tat +te jnnemeis are put jn presone # jnfernale and dyrk habitacioune. Jnwy of sathane kest Adam furthe of # paradice; strif has distroyit +te gret empyre of the asserianis, of # cartage, of grece, and the nobile empyre of the romanis, as sais +te # devin and hevinly sapience: (\Omne regnum jn se diuisum desolabitur, # et domus super domum cadet, et, si sathanas jn se ipso esset # diuisus, non staret regnum eius\) . Na realme may lang stand na endure # with discord and diuisioune - (\salustius: Concordia praue res # crescunt, discordia vero maxime delabuntur\) . And, fadere, jn +ti hevinly realme amang my scisteris, +te hevinly wertuis, sic discensioune suld # nocht be sufferit na +git na way proced. Tharfor my fadere, j # raqueire,

concord +ti dochteris jn to +ti realme; put pes~ - for without # pes~ and concord jn hevin may be na blithnes - amang the angellis # of paradice, amang the hevinly wertuis; exile pes~, and +tan # distroyit is for euir the hevinly realme, and the eternall habitacioune without pes~ may nocht jndure. The hevinly melody & Concord of the speris and planetis abuf without pes~ and concord may nocht stand; stabilite amang the elementis, without pes~ may nocht indure, na lif in man nore beist; for +te contrariete of # +te foure humoris and fyrst qualite is jn concord, and jn [\THE # WORD jn IN MARGIN\] armony standis all +te wertu of musik, sueit notis and sangis. And # +tarfor, hevinly fader, +tocht j, +ti dochtir pes~, haue alliance with # my scisteris verite, justice and equite, +git +te part of my derrast and # maist nobile scisteris, mercy and cherite, js mare plesand and # acceptabile to me. And ressoune js, hevinly fadere, +tou put pes~ jn +ti realme, and put pes~ amang +ti nobile douchteris and # counsalouris, +te hevinly wertuis; hauld concord betuix +ti godheid and angellis, and caus~ vnite, luf and fauour betuix +te # hevinly court and humane linage. And, sene mankynd may nocht mak plane and sufficiand amendis, ffadere, necessare js +tou send # +ti blist sone, +te prince of pes~, to amend the offence of # creature humane, to chace discord, for he mon be werray mediatore and pece makare betuix god and man; for, as sais +te scripture, # (\vnus est mediator dei & hominum homo xristus jhesus,\) For in his # haly birthe and natiuite The angellis sall sing +te haly chansoune # and sang of pes~ betuix god and man, hevin and Erd & paradice: (\Gloria jn excelsis deo et jn terra pax hominibus bone # voluntatis\) . And +ge, my scisteris, dame verite and luffit scister equite, # j +gou raquere, als for +gour gret honour my counsal js, +ge leve # debait, and fauorabili +ge condiscend for mannis redempcioune with oure nobill scisteris, maist hevinly ladeis, dame mercy and dame cherite, +tat amang us all be hevinly concord, luf, pece and cherite perpetuall, sene the ressounis and powere of oure # scister, dame mercy, are sa strange +tat na way +tai may be resistit.' # And to +tis, with a consent, all hevinly wertuis brasit ilkane # vthire, (\quia misericordia et veritas obuiauerunt sibi, justicia et pax # osculate sunt\) . And to +tis applaudit the thre gerocheis~, and all # haill the

nyne ordouris, and humylly on kne befor the hevinly fader +te thre nobile staitis of his hevinly realme, for werray # compassioune of man and his help, fell all to prayere and deuot orisoune, # +tat he mycht be deliuerit fra +te dyrk place of pluto and +te # dyrk, gret and hevy seruitute of +te auld serpent, and cum agane to his # auld heretage. And the fyrst and maist nobile jerachie, counsalouris assistant to +te diuinite, prayit on +tis manere for mankind: O hiest lord and souuerane prince of maieste, our glore, oure # blis, all oure delit and plesaunce js, +ti natur to knaw, and euir to consider and behold +ti bricht face, +ti powere and +ti wertu. And sene mankind js maid to +ti similitud, +tat js sa lik to # +ti ymage, lord of maieste, oure prayere js, +tou schaw to him +ti mercy and +ti grace. And, fader of mercy, of wertu, of all honour and worthines~, quhat honour may be to +ti hie deite, to suffer all mankind eternaly jn sic mischaunce and hevines, # +tat was fyrst ordand for eternall blis and heretage. +Tarfor we # all on kne richt humylly makis supplicacioune for mannis help and deliueraunce and pes~, sene now js tym of mercy and of grace, and +tat all wengeauns suld ces~; schaw, fader, to us, for +ti # honour, for mankind, +ti mercy, +ti piete and +ti grace; lat nocht, # mychtty lord, +tis hevinly place stand jn Ruyne na desolacioune, for # lak of mercy to +ti humyll seruand and creatur. And eftir spak +te # haly spiritis of +te secund jerachie, the secund state of the # hevinly realme, And said: 'O hevinnis king and emperoure souuerane, we are +ti seruandis, +ti knychttis jn all maner obedient to # +ti command, desyre and plesaunce. And sene +te prince of prid, lord of all jniquite and myrknes has drawin fra +tis nobile # realme mony spiritis of gret ranoune and hie estait, And sene +ti # powere and wis~dome jnfynit has ordand mankind to restor +tis hevinly place, lorde of mycht, we pray richt humylly, +tat throu +ti # mercy and grace +tou deliuer +ti humyll seruand mankind fra his # cruell tyranny, fra misere and +te wgly presoune of eternal captiuite # and myrknes. And, hie emperoure and lord souuerane, sene +tou art werray lif and prince of piete, hou lang sal +tou tholl cruell # deid to haue dominacioune one +ti humyll seruand and +ti ymage, nature humane. And sene +tou art king of blis, bynd +ti jnnemy,

lous~ +ti seruand, and bring him to rest and pece. And, fader # of mercy, sene +tou art full of piete and of grace, And now v # thousand +gere +ti realme jn gret parti standis desolate and waist, and # all +tis tyme +ti humyll seruand mankind has bene for his gilt in hevy presoune, jn gret punycioune and miserabile captiuite, Rew now on him, And schaw +ti powere, +ti mercy, +ti grace and pete.' # And eftir sone +tare fell on kne the nobile and worthi officiaris # of +tis realme celestiall and hevinly court, +te archangellis and thrid jerochie. +Tai schew before +te hie and excellent maieste +te # gret power of sathane, +te auld jnnemeis & princis of myrknes, hou # +tai jn gret tyranny had lang before troublit mankind, and +git # wsit +tar cruell dominacioune apon +te nobile creaturis of +te hie # maieste, +tar lord souuerane: +tai schew +te gret resistaunce +tai maid # to +te haly will of the souuerane king of glore and his # seruandis, and vsurpacioune +tat +tai maid apone his nobile creaturis, baithe # man, best and eliment; +tarfor +tar powere be ressoune and law alway +tai tynt. And hou wnworthi was, +tat sa vile and cruell # officiaris sa lang tyme suld haue regne and dominacioune aboue sa nobile and worthi creaturis. And sene +tat concernis gretlie +te gret powere and honour of +te diuinite, and now mankind is in gret pennurite, humylit with pains, askand mercy and grace, & now js +te tyme +tat he suld schaw his hie mercy to +tame. And +tus concordit was all the hevinly wertuis & angellis supernale to giddir for mannis help, his deliueraunce and gracius # redempcioune: (\Misericordia et veritas obuiauerunt sibi, justicia & pax osculate sunt\) . And on kneis before +te fader of hevin, # humely, with petuus woce and werray deuocioune, prait his hie maieste # to close nocht his hevinly and gracius hering fra +tare humyll # prayer - (\psalmus: Noli claudere aures tuas ad preces nostras\) - na # for+get nocht his awne natur and condicioune sa gretlie jnclinit to mercy, na +git the promys~ he maid before to +te hie lady and hevinly dochtir and of all wertu maistres, dame Mercy, for +tan was cummyn the tyme quhen his gracius promys~ suld be fulfillit and haue complecioune, +tat callit js the tyme of grace & mediacioune - (\psalmus: Domine, audiui audicionem tuam, et # timuj, domine, opus tuum in medio annorum viuifica illud\) . That was

the myd tyme of grace, quhen jhesus suld be borne, and jn jerusalem, +te myddis of the waurld, he promittit to do +te werk of lyf: (\Domine, opus tuum est misericordie & gracie, in medio annorum viuifica illud\) . For be wertu of his natiuite and passioune he has deliuerit ws fra captiuite and euirlestand deid, and brocht ws to glore and lif eternall, and folowis the promys~ maid to +te hevinly lady, dame mercy - (\jn medio annorum notum facies, cum jratus fueris misericordie # recordaberis\) . For +tat hie mercy to all the waurld js notefied and maid knawin, how +te blist sone of god be his jnfynit mercy has tane oure nature, & deit for oure gret trespas~, and wroucht # oure redempcioune - (\psalmus: Quia apud dominum misericordia & copiosa apud eum redempcio\) . And quhen +te fader of hie # maieste had hard all +tis, he considerit +te desolacioune of the # hevinly realme, +te gret ressonis, contencioune and argumentis maid be the nobile and hevinly wertuis, his luffit dochteris and # secretaris of his counsale, +te lamentabile prayere of +te hevinly court # for +te help of man, and +te gret compassioune +tat all creaturis had # of +te gret misere and thraldom +tat mankynd lay jn. Alsua, # considerand +te gret malis and tyranny of the jnnemy of mankynd, +te honour of his deite, his hevinly court and realme, +te persuasioune # of his dochtir cherite, and of his luffit child, dame pes~, +tat # lauborit sa gretly jn +te concord of +te hevinly wertuis, hire scisteris, # he knew his awne propir nature & condicioune, sa gretlie jnclinit to # mercy; his bricht and schynand visage, his hevinly and plesand sicht, withe gret plesaunce to behold he jnclinit to his lufit # dochtir, dame mercy, behaldand all +te hevinly court, baithe wertuis, # his childer and angellis. And +tan +te blist sone of god # omnipotent, knawand jn all thing his faderis will and plesaunce, and +te # counsale eterne of +te haly trinite, +tat ordand him to tak +tis werk on hand, humylly befor his fader offerit him to +tis mercifull # werk, to tak mannis nature for mannis redempcioune, one to +te gret plesaunce of his fadere, and for +te luf of mankind, be ardent cherite, jn confusioune of +te jnnemy and reparacioune of +te hevinly court of angellis. For quhen +te questioune was maid # jn +te hevinly counsall and conscistory of the trinite, quhilk of the # thre persounis in diuinite suld tak +tis werk on hand for mannis # help

and redempcioune, as sais +te writt, The secund persoune +te # sone of god said - (\psalmus: ecce ego jn capite libri scriptum est # de me vt faciam voluntatem tuam deus meus voluj et legem tuam jn # medio cordis mei\) . And +tan +te fader of hevin, with hevinly joy # and blithnes, gave his sentens diffinitive conforme to his # dochtir, dame mercy, and hire peticioune and prayere for mannis help and # redempcioune, Sayand: 'J, god, creature and fadere of hevin, makis kend to all my creaturis and to my seruandis sendis # salutacioune. J wil +ge knaw, anens +te gret discensioune and discord +tat # lang tyme has jndurit betuix me and my seruiture and wassale, humane linage, +tat befor me jn my court riall of paradis~ has # comperit my childer, +te hevinly wertuis, and at lenthe j haue hard all # +tar strif, ressounis and argumentis, and, all thingis considerit, # j haue and wil declyne to +te part of my best lufit dochtir and child, dame mercy, and ordanis be sentens diffinitive, be +te counsal # of my derrast sone and +te haly spreit jn +te counsal of +te hie # trinite, +tat, for to compleit pes~ and concord betuix humane linage and me, to mak werray obediens and satisfaccioune for +te faute and syn of man, my blist and only naturale sone & derrest sall tak nature humane of my lufit spous~, lady, virgin and mayde, mary. The cyrogrof and lettir of perdicioune of humane linage, maid # to +te jnnemy be auld Adam and his wif, he sall distroy and wesch away be his gret merit and precius blude, and geve lettiris of plane jndulgeans and grace, +tat sal be writtin richly jn # virgin parchement of his haly body jn humanite, vpone +te croce, with horribile pennis of jrne, +tat are nalis throu his handis & # feit, & +te spere throu his sid, +tat sal pers~ sa gretlie, +tat +te # memore of his luf and cherite sal neuir pas~ out of my mynd. And for +te gret obediens of him, my derrest sone and child, j sall # pardoune to all humane creature. And +tis lettir of grace and pardoune sal be writtin with richt precius liquore, +tat js, +te # precius blud, of my derrast sone jhesus, for +tame that +te jnnemy of mankind has desauit be fals jnwy, he sall wyne be perfit luf and ardent cherite. And +tis charter and lettir of grace and of mercy sal # be subscriuit be +te consent of +te haly spreit, and selit with # the sing of the haly croce, +tat all the trinite sall euir vse eftir # +tis jn lettiris of grace and remissioune. And +tis lettir of grace be # +te

consent of +te hale trinite js gevin jn oure gret counsale of # hevin +te fyrst +gere of grace, +te day and houre of +te blist # incarnacioune of jhesu my sone, +tat js god omnipotent and of maieste.' And to +tis sentens jn all poyntis consentit +te blist sone of # god, and said +tat, +tocht man be his be titill of creacioune, +git # +tar attoure he suld be his be [\THE WORD be IN MARGIN\] new titill of # redempcioune, and for plesaunce of the lady, dame mercy, +tat he suld mak strange battale for # man and his deliueraunce, and pay sa hie ransone, +tat man on force neid to honour & luf him oure all thing; for he suld schaw # fyrst sic luf and kindnes~ to man, and de vpone +te haly croce for mannis redempcioune. And +te takynnis of his precius woundis, and of his glorius victory, he suld euir conserue jn his body, # to schaw +te gret luf he had to mankind, And to jnduce +te fadere # of hevin euir for grace and mercy to man, quhen eftirwert he # committit ony cryme. And sene +tis blist and mercifull sone of god of maieste, be +te natur he takis of his hevinly fadere, js of # infynit mercy, Richt sua he chesit for his moder and spous~, lady and mayde, a virgin of gret excellence and full of mercy: (\Maria mater gratie, mater misericordie\) . And jncontinent callit his angell gabriell, and bad him without delay pas~ to +te dochtir # of sion, +te virgin callit marie, +te spous~ of haly joseph jn # +te cite of nazarethe, and schaw to hire +te gret hartlie luf and # tendirnes he bere to hire oure all creature, And schaw hire +te joyus # tichingis of his blist jncarnacioune, hou he chesit hire for his tendir luf # and paramoure, for his chaist spous~ and his blist moder. And, # eftir at +te angell salust +tis hevinly lady and virgin, and gat hir # consent, jncontinent +te blist sone of god of maieste discendit fra +te hiest stage of hevin to +te Erde, fra +te hie trone of +te # fadere jn +te wame of +te virgin glorius: (\Rorate celi desuper, et # nubes pluant justum, aperiatur terra, et germinet saluatorem; psalmus: A # summo celo egressio eius\) . And +tan was completit +te haly mariage # of the devin nature with oure humanite - (\johannis primo: verbum caro factum est et habitauit jn nobis\) . Than was mervalus joy jn # hevin amang the angellis of paradice, and pes and consideracioune # knyt betuix god and angellis & mankind. And in +tat jnstant was man maid lord of all creature, king of hevin and emperour of

angellis - (\apocalypsis: Jn vestimento & jn femore eius erat # scriptum 'Rex regum et dominus dominancium.'\) And, gif +tou desiris to # wyt ore knaw, quhy +te blist sone of god tuk humanite and # jncarnacioune for our redempcioun, and nouthire +te fadere nore +te haly spreit, j ansuere +tat all the thre persounis in diuinite # wrocht the jncarnacioune; for it that a persone wyrkis vtouthe +te # diuinite, all the persounis wyrkis and dois, (\quia opera trinitatis ad # extra sunt jndiuisa\) . Bot the sone alanerly, +tat js, +te secund # persoune, tuk humanite, for mony causis and ressonis. Ane, for he +tat wrocht oure redempcioune was a mediatore betuix god and us, and +te blist sone js the myd persoune jn +te diuinite - +te fader, # +te fyrst persone, the haly spreit, +te thrid, and +te sone, +te secund # & myd persoune. And +tarfore jt was maist conuenient for him to be oure mediatore. The secund caus~: Our redempcioune and # restitucioune to oure honour and ald heretage of hevinly paradice js maid be luf & cherite, and nocht be manere of dreid, of boste # ore of fere. And sene the name of the fadere js a name of autorite and dreid, and +te name of +te sone of sueitnes, meknes and # luf, +tis werk was mare conuenient for +te blist sone of god. # Alsua, +te persoune +tat wrocht our saluacioune was send fra +te hie # diuinite, and he +tat js send mon cum fra ane vthire persoune of # autorite, and +te sone discendis fra +te fadere, and the haly spreit fra # +tame baithe, and +te fadere discendis fra nane, bot all fra him, # (\quia est fons et origo tocius diuinitatis\) . Tharfor jt was nocht # conuenient for +te fadere. The feird caus~ and ressoune js, for jn +te # trinite +tat js bot a sone, and he js of equale powere to +te fadere; # and gif ane of +te to+tir twa persounis had tane oure nature and # humanite of +te virgin glorius, +tar had bene twa sonnis in +te # diuinite, and nocht bot ane of +tame +te sone of god. And +tis had bene occasioune of erroure, and nocht weil to be wndirstand, +tat # +te sone of the virgin had been werray god, and of Elik powere to # +te fadere, and he had nocht bene +te sone of god; ffor nouthire # +te fadire nore +te haly spreit may be +te sone of god. Mony vthire subtile ressounis j haue put jn +te begynnyng of the thrid buk of the sentens, quhar j haue tretit at lenth all +tis mater of # the jncarnacioune jn paris~. [^FRASER, SIR WILLIAM. THE DOUGLAS BOOK. 4 VOLS. CORRESPONDENCE (VOL. IV) EDITED BY THE AUTHOR. EDINBURGH 1885. SAMPLE 1: PP. 59.21-60.22 (GEORGE MARCH) SAMPLE 2: PP. 63.24-65.24 (JAMES DOUGLAS)^]

[} [\53.\] }] [} [\GEORGE, EARL OF MARCH, TO KING HENRY THE FOURTH, DUNBAR, 18TH FEBRUARY (1400).\] }] Excellent, mychty, and noble Prynce, likis yhour realte to wit # that I am gretly wrangit be the Duc of Rothesay, the quhilk spousit my douchter, # and now, agayn hys oblisyng to me made be hys lettre and his seal, and agaynes # the law of halikirc, spouses ane other wif, as it ys said, of the quhilk wrangis and # defowle to me and my douchter in swilk maner done, I, as ane of yhour poer kyn, # gif it likis yhow, requeris yhow of help and suppowell, fore swilk honest seruice # as I may do efter my power to yhour noble lordship, and to yhour lande, fore # tretee of the quhilk matere will yhe dedoyn to charge the Lord the Fournivalle ore # the Erle of Westmerland, at yhour likyng, to the marche, with swilk gudely # haste as yhow likis, qware that I may haue spekyng with quhilk of thaim that # yhe will send,

and schew hym clerly myn intent, the quhilk I darre nocht # discouer to nane other bot tyll ane of thaim, be cause of kyn and the grete lewtee # that I traist in thaim, and as I suppose yhe traist in thaim on the tother part; alsa, # noble prince, will yhe dedeyn to graunt and to send me yhour sauf-conduyt, # endurand quhill the fest of the natiuite of Seint John the Baptist, fore a hundreth # knichtis, and squiers, and seruants, gudes, hors, and hernais, als wele # within wallit town as withowt, ore in qwat other resonable manere that yhow likis, # fore trauaillyng and dwellyng within yhour land gif I hafe myster: And, # excellent prince, syn that I clayme to be of kyn tyll yhow, and it peraventour nocht # knawen on yhour parte, I schew it to yhour lordschip be this my lettre, that # gif Dame Alice the Bewmont was yhour graunde dame, Dame Mariory Comyne, hyrre full # syster, wes my graunde dame on the tother syde, sa that I am bot of the # feirde degre of kyn till yhow, the quhilk in alde tyme was callit neire; and # syn I am in swilk degre tyll yhow, I requere yhow, as be way of tendirnesse # thareof, and fore my seruice in manere as I hafe before writyn, that yhe will # vouchesauf tyll help me and suppowell me, tyll gete amendes of the wrangis and the # defowle that ys done me, sendand tyll me gif yhow likis yhour answere of this with # all gudely haste; and, noble prince, mervaile yhe nocht that I write my lettres # in English, fore that ys mare clere to myne vnderstandyng than Latyne ore Fraunche. # Excellent, mychty, and noble prince, the Haly Trinite hafe yhow euermare # in kepyng. Writyn at my Castell of Dunbarr, the xviij day of Feuerer. Le Count de la Marche de Scoce.

[} [\55.\] }] [} [\JAMES OF DOUGLAS, WARDEN OF THE MARCHES, TO KING HENRY THE FOURTH OF ENGLAND, EDINBURGH, 26TH JULY (1405).\] }] He, excellent and rycht mychty prynce, likit to zour henes to # wyte me haff resauit zour honorabile lettres to me, sende be a reuerend # fadir, the abbot of Calkow, contenand that it is well knawin that trewis war tane # and sworne o' late betwix the rewmys of Ingland and Scotlande, and for that yhu # mervalis gretly that my men, be my wille and assent, has byrnde the toun of # Berwike, and in other certayne places wythin the rewme of Inglande, in brekynge # fully the saide

trewis in my defaulte and nathinge in yhouris, and als agayn # myn ath made in streynthinge of the same trewis, of the qwhilke yhe desire # rather that amendis war made than ony mar harme war done thairfor. Requirande me to # do yhou to wyte, qwhethir I will gere refourme the sayde attemptats, or # qwhat my full will be to do o' that mater. Anence the qwhilkys, hee and excellent # prynce, qwhar yhe say yhu mervalys gretly that my men, be my will and assent, has # brennede the toun of Berwik, the qwhilk is wythin Scotlande, and other # places in Inglande, in brekynge fully of the sayde trewis, I vnderstand that giff # yhour hee Excellent war clerly enfourmyte of the brennynge, slachtyr, and takynge # of prisoneris and Scottis schippis that is done be yhour men to Scottys men # within the saide trewis in diuers places of Scotlande befor the brynnynge of # Berwike, the qwhilk skathis our lege Lorde the Kynge and his liegis has paciently # tholyte in the kepynge of the saide trewis, and chargit me til aske, and ger # be askyte be my deputs, redress tharof, the qwhilk my deputis has askyte at # dayis of marche, and nane has gotyne, me think o' resoune yhe sulde erar put blame # and punicioun to the doarys of the saide trespas done agayn the trewis, in swilke # maner and callys thaim rather brekaris of the trew than me that has tholyte sa # mikylle iniure so lang and nane amendis gottyn; bot it is like that the great attemptats # that yhour men dois agayn the trewis is well concelyte fra yhour audience, for I # suppos, and yhe wist it, yhe walde, of yhour he worschipe, ger it be refourmyte and # redressit as the cause requiryt, for lange befor the bryninge of Berwike yhour # men com within our Lorde the Kyngis awin propir lande of Arane and Ile Malasche, # and til his castell of Brathwike, and brynt his chapelle and other diuerse placis # of that lande, and tuke and rawnsounde the capitain of the sayde castelle, and # slow his sone and heryde al that thai mycht ourtake, and alsua thai hade takyne # befor that tym certayne Scottis schippis chargit with marchandis, and the # marchandis tharof, in the contrer of the sayde trewis, of the qwhilkis reparacioun # and redress has bene askyte befor the brennyng of Berwyke, and nane gottyne. And # qwhar yhe say that Berwike that standis in Scotlande, the qwhilke toun yhe # call yhouris in yhour saide lettres, and certayne landis of yhouris wythin # Inglande, was brende be my men, my will and myn assent, brekand the trewis in my # defaute and nocht in yhouris, and in the contrar of myn athe, tharto I answer in # this maner, that qwhat tyme it like to our lege Lorde the Kynge, and to yhour # hee Excellent, to ordane redress to be made be his commissaris and yhouris of # all attemptatis done of aythir syde, I shall, with the help of Gode, make it # well kennyt that I haff trewly kepit myn athe and trewis, as afferys to me of # resoun. And

qwhaeuer enfourmyt yhour Excellence that I hade brokyn myn # athe, it hade bene fayrar for him to haffe sende me that querelle in to wyrt vndir # his selle, and til haff tane answere greable as afferit to him vnder my seelle # agayne, than sua vntrewly in myn absence till enfourme yhour Excellence, for I # trayst he has saide mar in myn absence than he dar awow in my presens, for nocht # displece yhour honour, learys sulde be lytille alowit wyth ony sic # worschipfull kynge as yhe ar. And qwhar yhe say in yhour sayde lettres that yhe desir rather # amendis of attemptats done agayn the trewis than ony mar harme war done # tharfor; to that I answer in this maner, that qwhen yhour saide lettres come to # me, our Lorde the Kynge was passit in the northe partis of Scotlande, and I with # al gudly hast sende yhour lettres til him, of the qwhilkis, at the makynge of thir # letteris, I hade nane answer. Neuerthelatter, qwhen I hade vnderstandyne yhour # lettres, I gert cry in diuerse placis the trewis to be kepit, traystand that it suld # be sua done on the tother pairt; eftyr the qwhilk crye, yhour men of Inglande has # rydyne in Scotlande wyth gret company, like in fere of were, and has heryde # Lawadyrdalle, Tewydalle, and a part of Etryke Forest, the qwhilke, at the # makynge of thir letteris, was tholyt, and nocht don tharfor. And forthi giffe # the trewis sall stande, it lyes to yhour heenes to se for chastyninge of # trespassouris, and for amendis of attemptats done, and that be tym and qwhat yhe # wochesaff of your heenes to do twychand thir forsayde materis, yhe walde certify # me be your letter, wyth al gudly hast. Hee, almychty prynce, the Haly Gast yow # haff in his yhemsall euermar. Wyrtyn at Eddynburghe, vnder my selle, the xxvi daye # of Julii. Jamis of Douglas, Wardane of the Marche. To ane excellent and amychty prynce, Kynge of Inglande. [^THE ACTS OF THE PARLIAMENTS OF SCOTLAND, 1124-1707, VOLS. I-XII. EDINBURGH 1814-1875. SAMPLE 1: PP. II,291.6 (2ND COLUMN) - 308.19 (1ST COLUMN) SAMPLE 2: PP. II,482.16 (1ST COLUMN) - 501.22 (2ND COLUMN)^]

[} (\APUD EDINBURGH, VI DIE JULII, A. D. M,D,XXV.\) }] [^A PASSAGE IN LATIN AND A LIST OF NAMES OMITTED^]

ITEM It is diuisit and ordanit ane~t +te Sessioun~ +tat +te lordis ne~mit & writtin of befor~ in +te counselhous~ sall p~ceid apon~ +te mat~is of +te sessioun~ togidd~ w=t= remane~t of +te lord~ quhen +tai ar present [^A PASSAGE IN LATIN WITH LISTS OF NAMES OMITTED^] The erle of angus~ askit Instrm~t~ +tat +te quenis grace gaif In ane supplica=on~= to +te lordis makand me~tioun~ in a p~t +t~of / desirand~ +tat sen~ scho had +te said erle vnd~ su~mond~ & p~ponit +te accioun~ of diuorce betuix +tai~ / +tat +tai wald~ modefy c~petent expens~ for hir~ according to hir~ hono=r= / becaus +te said erle Intromettis w=t= hir lifing and placis [^A PASSAGE IN LATIN OMITTED^]

[} (\VNDECIMO JULII DN~O REGE PN~TE\) }] [^A PASSAGE IN LATIN OMITTED^] Maist~ Jhone dauidsone In Name of James erle of Arane askit docume~t~ +tat +te thre Estatis of p~liame~t dec~nit be sentence Int~locuto=r= +tat +tai wald~ p~ceid apon~ +te su~=d=~ rasit be Jhone somervale aganis maist~ Adam ottirburn~ aduocat~ to our souerane lord James erle of arane hew lord som~vale and s~=r= James ha~miltoun~ for reducing of +te p~ces~ of forfalto=r= led aganis him Jhone som~vale askit Instru=t=~ of +te said~ Int~locuto=r= Jhone som~vale p~testit +tat sen~ +te lord som~vale was lauchfully su~mond~ in +tis mat~ & p~so=ly= pn~t +tat geif he wald no=t= p~pone & allege his defens~ quhy +te p~ces~ of forfalto=r= led aganis +te said Jhone / he suld no=t= be admittit nor herd~ In +te said~ mat~ in tyme tocu~ The said Jhone askit docume~t~ & p~testit +t=t= sen~ +t~ was co~p~mitt~ maid for concord~ to be had~ betuix +te erlis of angus~ & aran~ +t~ kyn~ & freynd~ And +t=t= +te said erle of arane hew lord som~vale & s~=r= James ha~milton~ gaif In p~testatioun~s to mak delay +t=t= +te said Jhone suld~ no=t= haif Justice ane~t +te reducing of +te said p~ces~ of # forfalto=r= gangand~ In co~trar~ +te teno=r= of +te said co~p~mitt & In +t~ p~t had~ brokin +te sami~ as he allegit ho~ x~ The said maist~ Jhone p~ducit p~cu=r=~ for Ja=es= erle of arane & s~=r= James ha~milton~ of fy~nart gevand~ him power alan~lie to pn~t +t~ p~testatioun~s & to p~test eft~ +te forme and teno=r= of +te sami~ & na for+t~ In pn~s of +te king~ grace and thre estat~ of p~liame~t comp~it Maist~ Jhone dauidsone p~curato=r= for James erle of arane & In his name p~ducit ane p~testatioun~ subscriuit w=t= +te said erlis hand~ p~testand~ eft~ +te forme of +te sami~ & +t~upon~ ask=t= Instru=t=~ of +te q=lk= +te teno=r= # followis I James erle of arane lord ha~miltoun~ p~test~ sole~ptlie in +te face of +tis pn~t p~liame~t +tat quhat beis done In +te samy~ In favo=r=~ of Jhone som~vale ane~t +te su~=d=~ rasit be him apon~ +te retreting of his forfalto=r= & restoring of hi~ aga~ to +te sami~ turn~ me to na p~iudice nor scai=t= ane~t +te gift of his eschete bai=t= of his gud~ & land~ maid to me by my lord gou~no=r= and ane~t all v+t~ clame & ry=t= +t=t= I haue to +te sami~ for diu~s~ causis q=lk~= I sall # schaw & assigne resoun~s at tyme & place ganand +t~to And +tis my p~testa=on~= I desir~ to be put In public form~ &

ask~ Instru=t=~ & docume~t~ +t~upon~ of +gow & +go=r= notar~ subscriuit w=t= my hand at lithqw +te vij day of Julij +te +ger~ of god~ J=m= v=c= and xxv +geris Comp~it hew lord som~vale & gaif In ane w~ting in forme of p~testa=on~= of +te q=lk= +te teno=r= followis / # fforsamekle as I hew lord som~vale Is he~tablie Infeft In ane p~t of +te land~ In +te quhilk Jhone som~vale was possest befor +te forfalto=r= led apon~ him & has pait sowmes of money for +te sami~ / heirfor I p~test sole~ptlie In +t=t= # cais~ +te said~ forfalto=r= be reducit +tat I may haif my actioun~ & releif for +te said~ land~ And q=t=eu~ be done ane~t +te su~=d=~ rasit be +te said~ Jhone for retreting of +te said forfalto=r= be na hurt nor p~iudice to me ane~t +te said~ land~ In +te q=lk=~ I am he~tablie Infeft as said Is or v+t~wais & heirapon~ I ask instru=t=~ ho~ xj Comp~it Maist~ Jhone dauidsone p~cu=r= for Ja=es= ha~miltoun~ of fy~nart kny=t= and in +te nai~ of +te said~ s~=r= James p~ducit a w~ting In forme of p~testa=on~= subscriuit w=t= his hand~ p~testand~ eft~ +te forme of +te sami~ and +t~upon~ askit Instru=t=~ of +te q=lk= +te teno=r= followis I James # ha~miltoun~ of fy~nart kny=t= p~test~ sole~ptlie In +te face of +tis p~liame~t +tat quhat beis done In +te sami~ in favo=r=~ of Jhone som~vale ane~t +te su~=d=~ rasit be him for +te retreting of his forfalto=r= & restoring hi~ agane +te sami~ turn~ me to na p~iudice nor scai=t= ane~t +te gift of his eschete bai=t= of his gud~ & la~d~ And ane~t +te app~sing of his land~ maid to me befor~ +te said forfalto=r= and ane~t all v+t~ clame & ry=t= +t=t= I haif to +te sami~ becaus I may no=t= co~per in +te said p~liame~t i~ my defence at +tis tyme for diu~s~ causis q=lk=~ I sall schaw at tyme & place ganand~ And for diu~s~ v+t~is causis & resoun~s quhilk~ I sall assigne & allege at tyme & place ganand~ +t~to And +tis my p~testa=on~= I desire to be put in public forme & askit Instrm~t~ +t~upon~ of +g~ & +go=r= notar~ subscriuit w=t= my hand~ At lithqw +te vij day of Julij +te +ger~ of god~ J=m= v=c= and xxv +geris In pn~s of +te king~ hienes and thre estat~ of p~liame~t c~p~it Archibald~ erle of angus~ and offerit to find cautioun~ to +te quenis grace for Indempnite of hir~ p~soun~ & hir~ honest hous~hald~ vnd~ sic panis as +te king~ hienes & lord~ wald diuis~ & think expedie~t sua +tat hir~ grace may saiflie and surlie cu~ & gang to +tis toun~ of Edi~burgh~ & fra +te sami~ w=t= hir~ said houshald~ during +te tyme of +tis pn~t p~liame~t & thre dais +t~eft~ and eft~ +te forme & teno=r= of +tis writing gevin In be +te said erle +t~upoun~ Off +te quhilk +te teno=r= followis My lord~ of c~sale +tis Is +te ansuer~ +tat I archibald~ erle of angus~ mak~ to +te quenis grace In +te first q=r= scho desiris surtie of me of bodelie harme / My lord~ I traist It is no=t= vnknawin to all +go=r= L~ +tat I neu~ as +git did hir~ grace ony harme In hir~ p~soun~ nor neu~ tend~ to do And as I traist It has no=t= bene vse +t=t= men~ has gevin cautioun~ to +t~ wif~ No=t=+teles~ for +te ples~=r= of hir~ # grace

& to geif hir~ occasioun~ to adheir~ to me as to hir~ husband for +te wele of bai=t= our~ c~science / I am c~tent to do all thing~ +tat Is no=t= hurt to my saule or +tat I may do of gud zele And according +t~to I sall bind me vnd~ gret sowmez~ +tat hir~ grace sall be harmeles of me and all +tat I may lett as +te law will +t=t= a ma~is spous be harmles of hir~ husband~ / and sall treit hir~ grace at my power~ sa lang as we ar~ vndiuorcit as law co~science & honestie of hir~ grace requiris And geif +go=r= L / will requeist or c~sell me to find v+t~ man~ of assouerance / quharthrow hir~ grace may tak occasioun~ no=t= to adheir~ to me hir~ husband lik as scho Is bundin & oblist be +te law of god~ & halikirk my lord~ at +go=r= L / & In spe~ale spu~ale will pleis~ to avis~ geif +ge may geif me +tat c~sale And geif I may vse +te sami~ saiflie / for I am adu~tist be men~ of religioun~ & v+t~is of c~science +tat sic thing~ may no=t= be lefully gra~tit w=t=out disples~=r= of god and Incurring of deidlie syn~ quhilk na ma~ suld~ do c~sid~ing all hir~ desiris Intend~ to abstract hir~ grace fra me hir~ husband q=lk= as I vnd~stand~ I may na way do lauchfullie for & hir~ grace be wele c~salit scho suld~ no=t= refus~ +tis my resonable desiris ITEM It Is Statut~ and ordanit +tat +te hono=r= & fredom~ of halikirk and p~uilege gra~tit +t~to be obs~uit & keipit i~ o=r= sou~an~ lord~ tyme +tat now Is siclik and In +te sami~ stait as It was in our~ sou~ane lord~ maist noble p~decesso=r=~ tymes of gud mynde quhem god assol+ge ITEM It Is statut~ and ordanit +tat all act~ & statut~ maid aganis +tai~ purchessand~ benefice at +te court of rome c~trar~ our~ sou~ane lord~ auctoritie be obs~uit and kepit In tyme tocu~ eft~ +te form~ and teno=r= of +te samy~ [^A PASSAGE IN LATIN OMITTED^]

[} (\XVIJ JULIJ A~NO &C~ V=C= XXV=TO= SEDERU~T DN~J ELECTI AD ARTICULOS\) }] THE lord~ of +te secret counsale dec~nis +tat howbeit James erle of arane has gotti~ ane respit to him his kyn~ & frend~ / +tat w=t= c~sent of +te said erle of arane hary stewart and James stewart beand w=t= +te quenis grace / and Wille Weir~ at was put to +te horn~ for +te slaucht~ of maist~ James haliburtoun~ sall no=t= be co~p~hendit in +te said respitt And +tat +te said respitt sall In na man~ of way hurt +te actioun~ of p~ty ciuilie bot +te said~ ciuile actioun~s to haif place at all tymes as accord~ of Justice ITEM as to +te artikle tuiching +te halding of Justice air~ The lord~ think~ expedient +tat Justice airis be haldin vniu~salie out throw all +te realme And to begyn~ at abirdene +te v day of februar~ nixt tocu~ And fra thyne fur=t= to forfair~ p~th~ and v+t~ p~t~ neidfull # be+gond~ forth~ And +t~eft~ at +te schyris on~ +tis syde +te wat~ quhar~ maist mist~ Is of halding of Justice airis And at +te Justice clerk and his deput~ pass~ and ressaue dittay w=t=in all schyris as accord~ Thir~ ar~ +te lord~ chosin to remane w=t= +te king~ grace quart~lie as eft~ followis +tat Is to say fra +tis day furth~ quhill allhallowmes~ nixt tocu~ The archibischop of glasgw and erle of angus~ and w=t= +tai~ in cumpany +te bischop of Orknay / +te erle of mortoun~ +te abbot of halirudhous~ +te lord setoun~ & +te abbot of arbro=t= The secund quart~ +tat is to say fra all hallowmes~ to ca~dilmes~ +te bischop of abirdene +te erle of Arane and w=t= +tai~ +te bischop of brechin +te erle of eglintoun~ / +te abbot of paslay +te lord forbes The thrid q=r=t~ +t=t= Is to say fra ca~dilmes~ to beltane +te archibischop of Sanctandr~ / +te erle of ergile & w=t= +tai~

+te bischop of dunkeld~ +te abbot of ca~busky~ne=t= +te lord erskin +te lord flemyng The ferd and Last quart~ fra beltane to la~mes~ +te bischop of dunblane +te erle of levinax and w=t= +tai~ +te bischop of cathnes +te erle of gle~carn~ +te erle of mo~tros~ & +te abbot of Scone ITEM +te hail lordis referris +te ex~citioun~ of +te king~ maist nobl~e p~soun~ to +te discrecioun~ of +te lord~ being w=t= him for +te tyme ITEM as to +te artikle to avise apoun~ +te ordouring of +te king~ houshald~ +te lord~ will c~sidir~ and ordo=r= +te samyn~ Inco~tine~t eft~ +tat +tai haue concludit apon~ +te pu~ct~ c~c~ni~g +te p~liame~t & or~ +te ending of +te chekker~ ITEM as to +te artikle tuiching +te quenis grace +te lord~ will p~vyde +t~for as accord~ or +te c~clusioun~ of +te p~liame~t ITEM +tat su~=d=~ of tresoun~ be maid aganis +te gret lord~ +tat war~ chargit be our~ sou~ane lord~ lr~ez to haif cu~in to +tis pn~t p~liament for sic vrgent necessiteis as occurr~ to be su~mond~ aganis +te nixt p~lia=t= for sic causs~ as +te ki~g~ aduocat~ sal thi~k expedie~t to libell aganis +tai~ &c~ ITEM ane~t +te eschewing of attemptat~ or truble to be maid besyde +te king~ grace +te lord~ ordanis +te lawis in sic caiss~ to be kepit in tyme to cu~ And +te lord~ being w=t= +te king~ grace for +te tyme to put +te sami~ to executioun~ w=t= certificatioun~ to +tai~ and +tai~ do no=t= +tai sall be accusit as assistaris to +tai~ co~mitt~is # of +te said c~mes ITEM It Is statut~ and ordanit +tat becaus me~is selis may of avento=r= be tint quharthrow gret hurt may be gen~it to +tai~ +tat aw +te sami~ and +tat me~is selis may be fen+geit or put to w~ting~ eft~ +t~ deceis~ In hurt and p~iudice of our~ sou~ane lord~ liegis That +t~for~ na faith~ be gevin in tyme cu~ing to ony obliga=on~= band or v+t~ writing vnd~ ane sele w=t=out subscriptioun~ of him +tat aw +te sami~ & witnes / or ellis geif +te p~ty can no=t= wryte w=t= +te subscriptioun~ of ane notar~ +t~to ITEM It Is statut~ and ordanit That forsamekl~e as +te dampnabl~e opu~+geoun~s of heresy ar~ spred in diu~s~ cu~treis be +te heretik luther~ and his discipillis And +tis real~m and lieg~ has fermelie p~sistit in +te halifaith~ sen~ +te sami~ was first ressauit be +tai~ and neu~ as +git admittit ony opu~+geoun~s co~trar~ +te c~stin faith~ bot eu~ has

bene clene of all sic filth~ & vice Therefor~ +tat na man~ of p~soun~ strangear~ +tat hapnis to arrife w=t= +t~ schippis w~in ony p~t of +tis real~m bring w=t= +tai~ ony buk~ or werk~ of +te said lutheris his discipillis or s~uand~ desputt or rehers~ his heresyis or opu~+geoun~s bot geif It be to +te c~fusioun +t~of vnd~ +te pane of escheting of +t~ schippis and gud~ and putting of +t~ p~soun~s in presoun~ And +tat +tis act~ be publist and p~clamit out throw +tis realme at all port~ and burrowis of +te sami~ Sa +tat +tai may allege na Ignorance +t~of (And all v+t~ +te king~ lieg~ assistar~ to sic opu~+geon~s be pvnist in semeible wise And +te effect~ of +te said act~ to strik apon~ +tai~ &c~) Ratifyis and apprevis +te gift and admissioun~ of +te office of s~=r=efschip of fiffe maid be +te king~ grace w=t= avis~ of my lord gou~no=r= for +te tyme To patrik lord lindesay of +te byr~ Jhone lindesay of petcruvy kny=t= his sone & apperand air~ and Jhone lindesay sone and apperand air~ to +te said Jhone vnd~ +te p~ue sele In all punct~ and eft~ +te forme & teno=r= of +te sami~ Off +te dait at dunbertane +te xxx day of maij +te +ger~ of god J=m= v=c= and xxiiij +geris and of +te king~ regne +te xj +ger~ [^A PASSAGE IN LATIN OMITTED^] Ratifyis and apprevis +te chart~ of fewferme maid to maist~ Jhone campbell thesaurar~ of our~ souerane lord~ land~ of teling and polgavy vnd~ his gret sele In all pu~ct~ eft~ +te form~ & teno=r= of +te sami~ Ratifyis and apprevis +te chart~ maid vnd~ +te gret sele to Jhone striueling of +te keir~ kny=t= of +te la~d~ of ratherne liand w=t=in +te L / of strathern~ gra~tit & gevi~ to him i~ fewferm~ eft~ +te form~ and teno=r= of +te sami~

[} (\XXVIJ JULIJ\) }] [^A PASSAGE IN LATIN OMITTED^] Comperit Jhone betoun~ of creich~ and p~testit +tat sen he has +te keping of +te palice of falkland and +te samy~ Is rivin +te thak +t~of brokin and will tak gret skai=t= w=t=out It be hastelie remedit / Therfor~ to caus~ +te falt~ be mendit or ellis gif him co~mand~ to do +te sami~ on~ +te king~ expen~ and mak him allowance +t~of / and geif +tai fail+geit heirin +tat na thing be laid~ to his charge (\ho~ q~ta p~ m~ed~\) The lordis ordanis +tat becaus +te king~ officiaris quhen +tai ar~ chargit be +te the=r= to do s~uice to +te king~ grace in his erand~ alleg~ +tat +tai haif na hors~ nor +t~ wag~ no=t= sufficient quharthrow diu~s~ mat~is c~c~ni~g +te c~moun~ wele of +te realme ar~ postponit That +t~for~ +te said~ thesaurar~ sall haue power~ to tak +te armys fra ony of our~ sou~ane lord~ officiaris vnd~ harrald~ / +tat refusis to pas~ sic erand~ as he lais to +t~ charge in +te king~ nai~ In tyme tocu~ [} (\PE~ULTIMO JULIJ\) }] [^A PASSAGE IN LATIN OMITTED^] In pn~s of +te said~ lord~ Comperit robert bertoun~ of ovirberntoun~ comptrollar~ & schew how +te expens~ of +te ki~g~ houshald~ Is risin sa gret +tat his p~pirtie may no=t= beir~ +te sami~ and daly apperis to rise gretar~ becaus na ordo=r= Is put +t~to be +te lord~ havand auctoritie of +te sami~ Certifying to +te lord~ forsaid~ +tat w=t=out +tai p~uidit sum gud~ ordo=r= and reule to his houshald~ It Is no=t= possibl~e +tat his grace may be sustenit to his hono=r= as efferis Protestand~ +t~for~ +tat sen~ he has oft and mony tymes adu~tist +te lord~ heirof prayand +t~ L / to avise and c~clude ane gud and hon~abl~e way heirintill for +te king~ hono=r= That quhateu~ my=t= happin tocu~ +t~throw in tyme tocu~ suld~ no=t= be laid~ to his charge sen~ he has done his exact~ diligence spendit his awn~ geir~ & may sustene na forrar~ / +t~upon~ askit Instru=t=~ ane or ma (\testibz dn~is vt sup~\) /

[} (\VLTIMO JULIJ\) }] [^A PASSAGE IN LATIN OMITTED^] Colyne erle of Ergile for himself & In name and behalf of all +te temporale estate of +tis realm~ beand pn~t Protestit +tat forsamekle as +tai war~ pn~t heir~ to p~vyde for +te defence of +te real~m & to spend +t~ lif~ & gud~ +t~upoun~ And +tat diu~s~ v+t~is of +te lord~ war~ send for to tak +t~ part +t~intill or to avise apoun~ +te taking of pece vnd~ diu~s~ panis and last vnd~ +te pane of lese maiestie and wald~ no=t= cum to assist w=t= +tai~ ane~t +te p~miss~ That +t~for~ quhat Ruyne hapnis to +tis real~m be +te sustentatioun~ of +te weris / +te said~ lord~ no=t= cu~and to tak +t~ p~t to +te effect~ abone writtin It suld~ be laid to +t~ charge no=t= comperand and +tai to be accusit +t~for~ And Inlikwise geif pece war~ takin throw +te causs~ of necessiteis +tat +te lord~ abonewrittin wald~ no=t= cu~ to tak +t~ p~t in defence of +te real~m nor to geif +t~ counsale +t~in / +tat geif +te said~ pece war~ had~ be +te quhilk we tynt o=r= freynd~ & confederat~ +tat +te charge +t~of suld~ be Imputt to +te said~ lord~ and +te sami~ laid to +t~ charge & +tai to be accusit for +te sami~ Gawyne archibischop of glasgw in nai~ of +te sp~uale estate p~testit in maner~ abone writtin ANENT +te artikle of pece +te lord~ all w=t= ane avise and c~sent think~ expedient for +te gret necessiteis +tat occurr~ als~wele be Inuasioun~ of our~ Inemyis of Ingland~ as be +te diuisioun~ standand~ w=t=in +te real~m Quharthrow apperandly ruyne and distructioun~ sall hastely cum to +te real~m w=t=out gud ordo=r= be maid +t~in be way of pece That +t~for pece be takin betuix +tir tua realmes be see and be land for +te space of thre +geris w=t= certane c~ditioun~s as sall be tho=t= # expedient for gud of bai=t= +te realmes and send in artikl~is w=t= +te c~missionar~ +t~upoun~ w=t= comprehencioun~ in spea~le of france gif It can~ be gottin or as followis [^A PASSAGE IN LATIN OMITTED^] And geif It can~ no=t= be gottin to tak It w=t= gen~ale # c~p~hensioun~ of our~ frend~ and c~federat~ alwayis +tis

artikle beand adionit That It sall be lefull to ws to help fortify and supple o=r= co~federat~ +te king of france his realm~ & lieg~ w=t= men~ schippis vittalis and all v+t~ necessar~ out w=t= +te realme Item +te king of Ingland~ sall p~cur~ solist and caus~ +te king of span+ge emp~o=r= to entir w=t= siclik amitie and kyndnes w=t= ws for +te realmes of span+ge & flandr~ as +tai war~ of befor~ ITEM +tat ane artikle be maid +tat It sall be lefull to +te king~ lieg~ of baith~ +te realmes to travale throw v+t~is w=t=out c~duct~ ITEM It Is statut~ and ordanit +tat It sall no=t= be lefull to +te lord~ havand +te king~ auctoritie to vse +te sami~ bot be all +te lord~ togidd~ or +te maist p~t of +tai~ / +te laif being req~rit +tat ar~ pn~t And in sic thing~ as sall happin to occur~ / to c~vene and c~moun~ +t~upoun~ and w=t= all v+t~ avisis c~clude and subscriue as accord~ & no=t= v+t~wais [} (\TERTIO AUG=TJ= SEDERUNT DN~J VT IN DIE P~CEDEI~T\) }] ITEM It Is statude and ordanit +tat becaus mony and diu~s~ +te king~ lieg~ of +tis realme lyis vnd~ +te horribl~e sentence of cursing seperat~ fra +te suffrage & prayer of +te kirk & merite of +te blude of criste / to +te da~pnacioun~ of +t~ saulis evill exemple p~rell and danger~ of +te v+tir~ gud subditt~ of +te realm~ Therfor quhen ony of our~ sou~ane lord~ lieg~ sustenis da~pnablie +te said horrible sentence of cursing for +te space of xl dais quharvpon~ capcioun~ auch~t to be gevin be +te law / +te p~ty at quhais Instance +tai p~son~s ar~ cursit sall haif our~ sou~ane lord~ lr~ez to pvnde prise and distre~+ge +t~ gud~ movable & vnmovable for payme~t of +te sowmes for +te quhilk~ +tai ly vnd~ +te said sentence And geif +te said~ p~soun~s lyis vnd~ cursing be +te said~ space for no=t= doing or fulfilling of ony act~ or deid~ In +tat cais~ +te p~souns +t~ credito=r=~ sall haif lr~ez In +te first secund thrid & ferd formes according to +te ordinaris lr~ez of cursing And +tis act~ alwayis to be na p~iudice to +tai~ at lykis to tak capcioun~s (and albeit ane p~son~e may be ondir his appellatione +tat may stop +te gevin off sic lr~es as is abone writtin it is ordanit +tat ane appellacione fra des~cione off appellacionis sal no=t= stop +te gevin of sic lr~es) ITEM It Is diuisit and ordanit +tat ane c~missioun~ be maid vndir~ +te gret sele makand ane maist Reu~end fadir~ in god gawyne archibischop of glasgw archibald~ erle of angus~ lord douglace wardane & lieutene~t of +te Est & medle m~chis george abbot of halirudhous~

Robert abbot of paslay Willia~ scott of balwery kny=t= & Maister~ Adam ottirburn~ of auldhame aduocat~ to our~ sou~ane lord~ Co~missionar~ / gevand +tai~ or ony four~ or thre of +tai~ power~ to meit +te co~missionaris of Ingland for treting of pece eft~ +te teno=r= of +te # artikleis maid +t~upoun~ And +te said co~missioun~ to be extendit In +te maist ample and large forme And w=t= power~ In +te sami~ to +te said co~missionar~ to mak and tak redres~ of all maner~ of attemptat~ co~mittit be +te lieg~ of a+t~ of +te realmes aganis v+t~is In tyme bigane baith~ be see and be land~ And to meit heirapoun~ at sic dais and plac~ as salbe tho=t= expedient ITEM It Is statut~ and ordanit In +tis pn~t p~liame~t becaus +te p~ces~ of Justice airis Is sa lang and p~lixt +tat in mony +geris p~tyis +tat ar~ hurt and grevit gett~ na Justice trespassis and c~mes passis vnpvnist / quhilk Is occasioun~ of mony p~soun~s to co~mitt crymes traisting na haisty pvnicioun nor correctioun~ That +t~for~ In tyme tocu~ +te p~cess~ of Justice airis and Justice court~ be p~empto=r= at +te secund air~ or co=r=t sa +tat +te # fugitivis no=t= comperand at +te secund air~ or court suld~ be and sall be denu~cit +te king~ rebellis & put to his horn~ and all +t~ gud~ his eschete And als becaus mony p~soun~s Indytit to Justice airis ar~ chargeit w=t= souirtie to Justice courtis vsis to absent +tai~ and fle / and may absent +tai~ & fle sa +tat crovn~is can~ no=t= comp~hend~ +tai~ # p~sonaly to arrest +tai~ In +t=t= cais~ in all tymes tocu~ / It sall # suffice +te crovnar~ tocu~ to +t~ duelli~g place of +te p~soun~s # Inditit & +t~ mak +tai~ warni~g & charge +tat +tai co~peir~ In +te Justice air~ +tan nixt to follow to a~s~=r= to sic # accusa=on~s= of crimez~ as salbe i~put to +tai~ And +t~eft~ apon~ +te nixt sonday or festuale day following +te said charge That +te crovnar~ mak opin and public Inti~acioun~ of his warni~g charge & p~mu~icioun~ maid to +te said~ p~soun~s be +t~ names In +t~ p~roche kirk~ quhilk~ charg~ p~mu~icioun~s & Inti~acioun~s sall stand~ to +tame for # sufficient arrestme~t~ / +te crovnar~ prevand +te samyn~ be his aith~ and ane witnes as auld c~suetude Is And Inlikwise +te king~ officiaris makand warni~g to p~vate Justice court~ of ony p~soun~s for ony crymes no=t= des~uand~ rebellioun~ in cais~ of nonfinding of sovirtie +tat +tai keip +te sami~ ordo=r= and p~ces~ quhilk sall be haldin and reput for sufficient souirtie finding vnd~ +te pane of law / +te actioun~s no=t= beand for slauchtir~ nor mutilacioun~ And ordanis +te Justice gen~ale apon~ ony maner~ of crymes c~mittit or to be c~mittit / to sett Justice court~ p~ticular~ quhen neid Is for pvnicioun~ of p~ticular~ falt~ and crymes +t=t= occurr~ (sic as recent~ slauchter # mutilation~ fyr revising off woman~ depredatioun~s maisterful # reiffis and al o+t~ siclyk crymes at +te discretion~ of +te # lord~) [^WORDS IN BRACKETS IN MARGIN^] for stanching of # trespasso=r=~ and bri~ging of +te real~m to pece and quiet / becaus at all tymes Justice airis gn~ale can~ no=t= be redy And delay of pvnicioun~ gen~is & gevis new occasioun~ of trespass~ ITEM It Is diuisit statut~ and ordanit +tat becaus mony evill disposit p~soun~s vsis apoun~ cruele malice & fortho=t= fellony to lay wachis and besett gait~ quhar~ +tai

vnd~stand men~ ar~ to ryde and pas~ w=t= evill folk~ for +te slauchtir~ & Inuasioun~ of +te p~soun~s +tat +tai hait and has Inemytie aganis +tai~ / That +t~for~ In tyme tocu~ It be ane spe~ale punct of dittay sa +tat +te co~mitt~is +t~of sall be Indytit And geif ony p~soun~s beis o=r=tane be ane assise of setting +te gait Laying wachis for men~ to do +tai~ scaith~ or byding men~ at +te wait to mak slauchtir or to do bodely harme or art or p~t +t~of The co~mittaris or doaris +t~of sall be pvnist to +te deid albeit +te p~soun~ or p~souns +tat +tai laid waching for~ eschaip +t~ scaith~ And at +tis cryme be callit to private diet~ or Justice courtis or at gen~ale Justice airis as pleis~ +te Justice for stanching of sic cruell dedis ITEM It Is statut~ and orda~t +tat +te co~mittaris of +te crymes of fire rasing / & revesing of weme~ be put vnd~ souirtie to +te law lik as +te c~mes of slaucht~ & mutila=on~= And In cais~ of Nonfinding souirtie to denu~ce +tai~ rebellis lik as men~ slaaris And als becaus +te birni~g of cornis In bern+gardis Is sa gret offence aganis +te c~moun~ wele That +t~for~ +t~ be nevir~ respitt nor remissioun~ gevin In na tyme tocu~ to ony p~soun~s at birnis cornis in stakkis or bernis bot +te co~mitt~is +t~of to be Justifyit to +te deid~ or banist +te realme for euir~ The thre estatis In +tis p~nt p~liame~t ratifyis and apprevis all gift~ dispo~itioun~s donatioun~s act~ & statut~ resignatioun~s c~firmatioun~s and v+t~is quhatsu~euir maid & done be +te lord~ of +te secret counsale in our~ souerane lord~ nai~ and of his auctoritie In absence of +te quenis grace No=t=w=t=standing +te auctoritie gra~tit & gevin to hir~ hienes in +te Last p~liame~t haldin at Edinburgh~ +te xv day of februar~ +te +ger~ of god~ J=m= v=c= & xxiiij +geris Atto=r= +te said~ thre estatis for certane # c~sid~acioun~s moving +tai~ / and for +te co~moun~ wele of +tis realm~ dec~nis & ordanis +te said aucto=te= gra~tit & gevin to +te quenis grace in +te said p~liame~t to ceis~ in tyme tocu~ and deprivis hir~ +t~fra No=t=+teles~ at +te requeist of +te king~ grace The lord~ Ordanis +tis act~ to stand~ o=r= for xx dais sa +tat geif +te quenis grace cu~is In +te meyntyme & vsis +te c~sale of +te lord~ scho to haue hir~ auctoritie & to vse +te sami~ w=t= +te said~ lord~ And geif scho cu~is no=t= to +te effect~ forsaid~ +tis act~ abone # writtin to be of strenth~ & effect~ In all punct~ Ratifyis and apprevis +te chart~ of fewferme maid vnd~ +te gret sele to James campbell of lawer~ & marioun~ forest~ his spous of xl m~k~ wor=t= of land~ of lawaris of +te fourty m~k~ wor=t= of +te land of +te thre # lawar~ +tat Is to say lawarmor~ lawar~ manach~ & clene lawar~ w=t= +te p~tinen~ liand in dischyre & lochtay w=t=in +te # s~refdom~ of p~th~ In all punct~ eft~ +te form~ and teno=r= of +te sami~ of the dait At Edinburgh~ the xvj day of Junij +te +ger~ of god~ J=m= v=c= & xxv +ger~ & +te king~ Regne +te xij +ger~

Anent +te Su~mond~ rasit at +te Instance of Jhone somervale sumtyme of ca~busnethame aganis Maist~ Adam ottirburn~ of auldhame aduocat~ to our~ souerane lord And aganis James erle of arane hew lord som~vale & James ha~miltoun~ of fy~nart kny=t= allegit # donato=r=~ to o=r= said~ souerane lord and Jhone duke of albany his tuto=r= & gou~no=r= of his realme for +te tyme in +tat p~t of all & sindry land~ gud~ movable & vnmovable of +te said Jhone som~valis be resoun~ of +te dome of forfalto=r= gevin aganis +te said Jhone and Ilk ane of +tai~ for +t~ Int~ess~ To heir~ & see +te said dome of forfalto=r= gevin aganis +te said Jhone in +te p~liame~t haldi~ at Edinburgh~ apon~ monu~day +te vij day of +te moneth~ of aprile +te +ger~ of god~ J~ v=c= & xxij +geris be +te said Jhone Duke of albany &c~ gou~no=r= of +tis realme for +te tyme Adiugeand and dec~nand~ +te said Jhone som~vale to haue co~mittit and Incurrit +te crymes of Lese maiestie In diu~s~ punct~ c~tenit in +te said dome of forfalto=r= That Is to say In art & p~t of +te cruell & tresonable Inuasioun~ of +te p~soun~s of ane maist Reu~end fadir~ in god James +tan archibischop of glasgw chancelar~ and of James erle of Arane lord ha~miltoun~ tua of +te regent~ of +tis realme in absence of +te said Jhone Duke of albany gou~no=r= +tai beand passand~ fra +t~ houss~ In +te said toun~ of Edinburgh~ to +te tolbuyth~ of +te sami~ for admi~stracioun~ of Justice apon~ monu~day +te Last day of aprile in +te +ger~ of god~ J=m= v=c= and xx +geris Aganis quham +te said Jhone w=t= his complicis arrayit batell apon~ +te public streit / tresonablie w=t= wapins Inuasiue And for +te tresonable art and part of +te expulsioun~ of +te said~ regent~ and +te laif of +te lord~ furth~ of +te said toun~ +tai beand deput~ for admi~stratioun~ of Justice And for +te tresonabl~e resistance and Impedime~t making to +te said~ regent~ & lord~ being w=t= +tai~ Sa +tat +tai my=t= no=t= do Justice to o=r= sou~ane lord~ liegis / becaus +tai war~ be +te said Jhone and his c~plic~ be way of armes compellit furth~ of +te said toun~ And for +te tresonable art and p~t of +te c~vocacioun~ of certane trato=r=~ and rebellis of +te realme as dauid hume of Wedd~burn~ & his bre+t~ w=t= a multitude of thevis & v+t~ Ill doaris / +te first day of maij +te +ger~ of god~ forsaid~ arrayand batell in +te sich~t of our~ said sou~ane lord apon~ +te burrowmur~ of Edinburgh~ And for +te tresonable assistance and favo=r=~ gevin to +te said~ dauid hume of Wedd~burn~ & his complicis trato=r=~ & rebell~ In +te taking of +te castellis of hume & Wed~burn~ & furnissing of +te samy~ c~trar~ +te said regent~ & our~ sou~ane lord~ aucto=te= And for +te tresonable c~vocatioun~ of our~ sou~ane lord~ liegis passand~ be way of batale in our~ said~ Souerane lord~ sy=t= to +te townys of linlithqw & Striueling / No=t=w=t=standing +te said Jhone and his complicis war~ forbiddin to do +te sami~ be our~ sou~ane lord~ lr~ez vnd~ +te pane of tresoun~ And at his returni~g in +te tresonable arraying of batale aganis +te said James erle of arane & i~uasioun~ of him / as Inuasioun~ of our~ sou~ane lord~ p~soun~ he beand ane of +te rege~t~ of +te realme & lieutene~t of +te Est m~chis aganis Ingland~ & lothiane slayand diu~s~ of +te king~ lieg~ beand vnd~ his baner~ w=t= +te said James erle of arane Dec~nand +t~for +te said Jhone to haue forfaltit

his life and all & sindry his heretag~ a~nuel rentis # posses~ioun~s sup~ioriteis w=t= +t~ p~tine~t~ & offices w=t= all & sindry his gudis movabl~e & vnmovabl~e to our~ Souerane lord~ vse & his successo=r=~ to be assignit & p~petualie applyit or v+t~wayis at +te will of +te said Jhone duk of Albany p~tecto=r= and gou~no=r= of +te realm~ for +te tyme to be disponit as In +te said dome of forfalto=r= Is at mair~ lenth~ c~tenit / w=t= all +tat followit +t~upoun~ to # be cassat~ adnullit retretit dec~nit and declarit of na strenth~ force nor effect~ fra +te begyni~g and In tyme tocu~ And als to heir~ & see +te said~ Jhone somervale declarit be our~ said souerane lord~ w=t= +te counsale and avise of +te thre Estatis of his realme to be restorit to +te faith~ & pece of his hienes & to all and sindry his land~ a~nuell rent~ do~inioun~s p~petuale & te~porale offices sup~ioriteis Juris actioun~s fame hono=r= & digniteis and to all & sindry his gud~ movable & vnmovable & In +te sami~ stait & place +tat he was In befor~ +te geving of +te said dome of forfalto=r= aganis him for diu~s~ reson~s & causis c~tenit In +te said su~mond~ Our~ sou~ane lord comperand~ in p~liame~t be Maist~ Adam ottirburn~ his aduocat~ hew lord som~vale being p~so=ly= pn~t James erle of arane & James ha~miltoun~ of fy~nart kny=t= lauchfully su~=d= to +tis actioun~ oft timez~ callit and no=t= comperit The ry=t=~ resoun~s & allegacioun~s for our~ sou~ane lord being allegit & schewin be +te said Maist~ Adam The forsaid~ su~=d=~ & punct~ +t~of was put to +te senseme~t & deliberacioun~ of p~liame~t And +tai +t~w=t= being at lenth~ riplie auisit all In ane voce w=t=out variance gaif +t~ # sentence and decreit of p~liame~t resindand & retretand +te dome of forfalto=r= gevin agai~ +te said Jhone somervale At Edinburgh~ +te day & +ger~ abone w~ttin And fand & deliu~it +tat +te sami~ was Iniustlie and wra~guislie led~ aganis +te said Jhone / becaus eft~ +te execu=on~= of +te su~=d=~ quhairvpon~ +te said dome was gevin / and befor~ +te geving +t~of +te said Jhone was remittit of all +te crymes c~tenit In +te forsaid~ su~mond~ & dome / Lik as his remissioun~ gevin to him +t~upoun~ schawin & p~ducit i~ face of p~liame~t p~portit & bure And +t~for rescindis ret=e=t~ cassis and adnullis +te said dome of forfaltour~ led & gevin agane +te said Jhone somervale And dec~nis +te sami~ of nane avale force nor effect~ w=t= all +tat # followit +t~upoun~ And reponis reintegrat~ & restoris +te said Jhone till his hono=r= heretag~ land~ rent~ possessioun~s offices actioun~s and gud~ movable & vnmovable siclik and in als ampl~e manere as he was befor~ +te geving of +te said~ dome And +tat lr~ez of publicatioun~ be gevin heirapoun~ In dew forme as efferis [^A PASSAGE IN LATIN OMITTED^]

[^A PASSAGE IN LATIN OMITTED^] [}XV DIE JANUARII, A. D. M,D,XXV.}] [^PASSAGES IN LATIN OMITTED^] THE quhilk day In pn~s of +te king~ hienes It is diuisit ordanit and concludit be +te said~ lord~ +tat all actis & statut~ maid of befor~ anent the gyding of o=r= sou~ane lord~ maist nobl~e p~son~e / his auctorite / & mat~is conc~nyng +te weil of his Realm~ be ordourit be +te lordis of his secrete counsale chosin in p~liame~t & to be obs~uit & kepit in all punct~ eftir +te form & teno=r= of +te sa~myn~ vnto +te nixt parliame~t to be begu~nyn~ and haldin at Edinburgh~ +te xij day of Junij nixt tocu~ Sua +tat in

+te said parliame~t ordour may be put in +te p~miss~ be +te haile thre estat~ of +te Realm~ And in +te menetyme +tat na man attempt~ nor cu~ in c~trar~ +te said~ act~ and statut~ ony maner~ of way vndir +te payn~e of treson~ The quhilk day the king~ grace w=t= auis~ of +te lord~ of his Secrete counsale for diu~s~ mat~is conc~ni~g +te # vniu~sale weile of his Realm~ has diuisit & ordanit his parliame~t to begyn at Edinb=r=gh~ +te xij day of Junij nixt tocu~ & precept~ of +te chancelary to be direct~ to su~mond~ all p~sonis +tat aw pn~s in +te parliame~t to comper~ +te said &c~ in form~ as effer~ [} (\APUD EDINBURGH, XII DIE JUNII, A. D. M,D,XXVI.\) }] [^PASSAGES IN LATIN AND LISTS OF NAMES OMITTED^]

The quhilk day the king~ graice has tan~e & acceptit in his awn hand~ all his officis to be disponit to sic p~sonis as his graice and counsale sall think expedient And +t~for ordanis +tat all his selis of +te said~ offic~ be deliu~it to his graice to morn~

[}XIIIJ=O= JUNIJ 3=A= P~LIA=TJ=}] [^LATIN OMITTED^] IN +te first for hono=r= of god and halikirk Our souerane lord~ Ordanis +tat +te fredome liberteis p~uileg~ & Immunteis of halykirk & v+t~ spu~ale p~son~s be obs~uit and kepit in hono=r= worschip and dignitie for +te tyme of our~ sou~ane lord~ +tat now Is lik as has bene in +te tyme of his mast nobl~e p~genitouris of gud~ mynde off befor~ ITEM +te thre Estatis of +te realm~ gaderit in +tis pn~t p~liame~t seing and vnd~standing +tat our~ sou~ane lord~ Is be +te grace of god~ now cu~in to his aige of xiiij +geris Therfor declaris and dec~nis +tat his auctoritie riale Is in his awn~ hand~ / and to be ex~cit & vsit be his hienes In tyme tocum out throw his realm~ liegis and subdit~ And dec~nis all v+t~ auctoritie gevin and vsit in tymes bipast now to be expirit & ceis~ in tymes cu~ing &c~ THE kingis grace vnd~standing +te lang and trew s~uice done to his grace his grants~=r= and fader quham god assol+ge be his auld~ and afald~ s~uand~ s~=r= Jhone quhyte and is throw his lang s~uice broch~t in age Therfor his grace w=t= auise and c~sent of +te thre Estatis of his realm~ In +tis pn~t p~liame~t will +tat +te said s~=r= Jhone stand~ in siclik s~uice in his chancelary vnd~ his selis be him self and his s~uand~ wrytar~ to him as he has done in all tymes bigane and na v+t~ to be admittit +t~to during his liftyme for +te causis forsaid~ ITEM It Is statut~ and ordanit in +tis pn~t p~liame~t +tat becaus our~ souerane lord w=t= avis~ of his derrest moder +te quene & lord~ of his c~sale +tan being w=t= him for +te tyme / wrait his gracius lr~ez of c~me~datioun~ of +te abbacy of melros~ +tan vacand~ for his devote & weil belouit orato=r= Dene Jhone maxwell abbot of dundrynan~ to be p~movit to +te said~ abbacy of melros~ And now his hienes Is informit +tat diu~s~ evill disposit p~soun~s be surreptioun~ has gottin his lr~ez by his knawlege he not knawand +t~of directit to our~ said~ haly fad~ +te paip for Maist~ Andro Dury to be p~movit to +te said abbacy of melros~ direct~ c~trar~ to +te lr~ez gevin of befor~ to his said devote oratour~ causand~ +te papis halynes to vnd~stand~ +te variance of +te king~ grace and +te lord~ of his counsale direckand~ diu~s~ lr~ez c~trarius In ane mat~ Therfor our~ sou~ane lord~ now being at his p~fite age declaris all sic lr~ez direct~ in favo=r=~ of +te said Maist~ Andro dury p~cedit be surreptioun~ & by his knawlege & witting / And as apperis be +te purchessar~ of +te said~ lr~ez to his grac~ schame & scland~ & +te weil auisit lord~ of his counsale in sa fer~ as in

+tai~ was ffor +te quhilk he revok~ and adnullis all sic lr~ez in +tis pn~t p~liame~t gevin in favo=r= of +te said~ # Maist~ Andro / & will at +tai be of nane avale force nor effect~ in tyme tocu~ / And ratifyis and apprevis +te lr~ez gevin in favo=r=~ of his said~ devote orato=r= +te abbot of # dundrynan~ And +tat new lr~ez be gevin in favo=r=~ of him geif neid be / his grace now being at his p~fite age w=t= auctoritie of his thre estat~ of p~liame~t Becaus his grace has of befor~ declarit his mynde in +te said mater to +te effect~ forsaid~ / apon~ our~ said~ haly fader~ +te papis breif send~ to his grace in +tat behalf And +t~for Inlikwise ratifyis and apprevis his said declaratioun~ +t~of in all punct~ THE king~ grace w=t= auise and~ c~sent of his thre estatis Inlikwise ratifyis and apprevis +te lr~ez of co~mendatioun~ direct to our~ haly fader +te pape ffor Maister donald~ campbell to be promouit to +te abbacy of Couper in all pu~ct~ eft~ +te form~ & teno=r= of +te samy~ And +tat new lr~ez be direct~ geif neid~ beis w=t= auctoritie of p~liame~t [} (\XIX JUNIJ SEDERU~T DN~J ELECTI AD ARTICULOS\) }] In pn~s of +te said~ lord~ comperit Maist~ Alex~r kingorn~ dene of rosscheld~ ambassado=r= to ane ry=t= hie and my=t=tie prince Cristiarn~ king of de~mark as p~curato=r= and facto=r= for Jhone mathisone & Cleme~t androsone capitanys & gou~no=r=~ vnd~ god~ of ane schip callit +te petir~ hull And p~ducit his lr~ez of p~curatory in form~ of Instrume~t vnd~ +te signe & subscriptioun~ of Maist~ Jhone chepman~ togidd~ w=t= ane lettir~ of su~mond~ vnd~ our~ sou~ane lord signet rasit apon~ +te p~vest and com~itie of abirdene & v+t~is for diu~s~ gud~ and artil+gery being in +te said~ schip callit +te petir~ hull +te tyme scho brak besyde abirdene And desirit +te said~ lord~ to p~ceid~ apon~ +te said~ su~mond~ Comperit Jhone skri~geo=r= mas~=r= and askit Instrm~t~ +tat he adu~tist +te lord~ forsaid~ how +tat +te tyme of his being in de~mark he knawis +tat +te discharge of Orknay and schetland~ my=t= haue bene had~ sovirly to +te king~ grace And +tat +t~for +te lord~ suld~ now laubo=r= for +te samyne (\hora decima\) Anent +te Su~mond~ maid at +te Instance of Maist~ Alex~r kingorn~ ambassato=r= and s~uand~ to ane my=t=tie p~nce Cristiarn~ king of de~mark and as p~curato=r= and facto=r= for Cleme~t androson~ capitane & skippar of ane schip callit petir~ hull & Jhone mathoson~ also capitane of +te said schip Aganis gilbert me~+geis of sindone s~=r=ef deput~ of abirdene Thomas me~+geis his sone ald~man~ of +te said~ burgh~ of abirdene Willia~ rowane Alex~r

ru+t~furd~ ballies of +te sami~ Maister Andro tulidaff Andro crawfurd~ burges of +te said~ burgh~ Alex~r setoun~ of meldru~ Willia~ lyon of bahelwis~ and henry Irwyn~ To ansuer~ at +te Instance of +te said~ Maist~ Alex~r ffor +te wra~guis violent and maist~full spoliatioun~ away taking Intrometting and w=t=halding be +tai~ self +t~ s~uand~ and complicis of +t~ causing co~mand and ratihabitioun~ fra +te said~ capitane skippar~ quart~ maist~is and marynaris of +t~ said~ gret schip of +t~ ankirris cabillis salis artil+gerie powdir~ money and v+t~ gud~ being in +te said~ schip As at mair~ lenth~ Is c~tenit in +te su~mond~ +t~upoun~ The said~ maist~ Alex~r p~cu=r= forsaid~ beand p~sonaly pn~t And als +te said gilbert me~+geis Thomas me~+geis his sone Willia~ rowane Alex~r setoun~ of meldrum beand p~sonaly pn~t for +tai~ self and as p~curato=r=~ for +te remane~t of +te p~soun~s abone writtin And Inlikwise +te lordis being at lenth~ riplie auisit w=t= diu~s~ writing~ send~ to +tai~ be fredrik king of de~mark allegiand +te said~ schip and gud~ w=t= +te artil+gerye & mu~itioun~s being +t~in p~tenit to him and desirit # restitutioun~ to be maid~ to him +t~of As at mar~ lenth~ Is c~tenit in his lr~ez +t~upoun~ The said~ lord~ ordanis lr~ez be writtin to charge Alex~r ru+t~furd~ and Maist~ Andro tulidaff to deliuer +te kist~ and gud~ being in +t~ # possessioun~ or Intromettit w=t= be +tame quhilk was in +te said~ schip callit +te petir~ hull And +tat all gud~ and artil+gery specifyit in ane Inue~tour~ deliuerit to +te said Maister Alex~r and all v+t~ gud~ and artil+gery +tat can~ be gotti~ knawlege of In quhais hand~ at eu~ +tai be In till / or at can~ be won~ or recou~it w=t=in +te sey sand~ or v+t~ placis sall be put in +te hand~ of +te p~vest of abirdene +te lard of meldru~ & Willia~ rolland~ burges of +te said~ burgh~ be auctentik Inue~to=r= Inde~to=r=ly maid~ and befor~ witnes Quhilk sall be haldin to ansuer~ to +te king and lord~ of counsale for +te said~ gud~ to be deliuerit to +tai~ havand ry=t= +t~to And Continewis +te said~ su~mond~ in +te sami~ form~ force and effect~ as It Is now but p~iudice of ony p~ty onto +te xx day of october~ nixt tocu~ w=t= c~tia~tioun~ of dais And +te p~tijs abone w~ttin be +tai~ self and +t~ p~curatouris ar~ warnit of +tis c~tinuatioun~ (\apud acta\) And +tat our Souerane lord~ lr~ez be direct~ for wptaking & Inbringing of +te said~ gud~ and artil+gery baith~ to burgh~ & land~ quhar~ evir +tai may be fundyn~ to +te effect~ forsaid~ [} (\XX JUNIJ\) }] [^A PASSAGE IN LATIN OMITTED^] THE king~ grace w=t= auise and c~sent of +te thre estatis of his realm~ in +tis pn~t p~liame~t ratifyis apprevis and co~fermis The charter of fewferm~ maid to his louit familiar~ s~uitour~ Willia~ Wod~ of bony~toun~ of all & hail +te land~ of pettintoskell liand w=t=in +te lordschip of brechin in all pu~ct~ and artikl~is eft~ +te form~ and

teno=r= of +te sami~ / becaus It Is vnd~stand~ to +te king~ grace and thre estatis +tat he has doublit his re~tale +t~of In +te p~liame~t haldin At Edinburgh~ +te xx day of +te moneth~ of Junij +te +ger~ of god J=m= v=c= and xxvj +geris Anent +te su~=d=~ of tresoun~ rasit at +te Instance of our~ sou~ane lord~ Aganys george lord hume To co~per~ p~sonaly in his p~liame~t to be haldin at Edinburgh~ +te xiiij day of Junij Instant befor~ our~ said sou~ane lord~ and his Justice +te said~ day To ansuer~ to his hienes or his Justice forsaid~ ffor +te tresonabl~e art & part of +te Inobedience and c~temptioun~ maid & done No=t= assistand~ p~sonaly w=t= his men~ counsale & help to Archibald~ erle of angus~ lewtene~t and wardane of our~ sou~ane lord~ Est and mydle m~chis fornent Ingland~ at dais of Trewis haldin be +te said~ wardane for reformatioun~ of attemptat~ to be maid & ressauit for mutuale obs~uatioun~ of pece & trewis laitly c~tractit betuix our~ said~ sou~ane lord~ & his derrest vncl~e +te king of Ingland~ / differrand~ alsua his men~ and tene~t~ c~vict~ befor~ +te wardanis & leuetene~t~ of +te said~ m~chis to bring to +te dais of trewis appu~ctit and to deliuer +tai~ according to +te law and c~suetude of +te bordo=r=~ And for +te tresonabl~e art & part rebellioun~ Inobedience and co~tempcioun~ maid & done to our~ said~ sou~ane lord~ no=t= c~perand~ p~sonaly bot be c~tumax & tresonably absentand~ him w=t= his pleg~ fra +te pn~s of our~ said~ souerane lord~ & his lord~ of c~sale differrand~ to geif his c~sale help and suple for reformatioun~ of atte~ptat~ to be maid~ betuix +tir tua realmys # No=t=w=t=standing +tat be his faith~ & allegiance Is oblist +t~to And als +tat he was su~mond~ be our~ said~ sou~ane lord~ lr~ez to haue co~perit +te xxvj day of februar~ last bypast And v+t~is diu~s~ dais to +te effect~ forsaid~ vnd~ +te panis of treson~ howbeit Indempnite of +t~ p~soun~s was p~mist & offerit to +tame of +te said~ wardane & all v+t~is +tat +tai wald~ allege dredo=r= of vnd~ gret panys and vnd~ +te pane of lese maiestie And alsua for +te tresonabl~e art and p~t of +te making~ of da~pnabl~e and waryit factioun~s aganis our~ said~ sou~ane lord~ his auc~te and realm~ makand~ co~ue~ticulis and c~ve~tioun~s calland & p~vokand~ our~ sou~ane lord~ lieg~ to seditioun~ and w=t= his laubo=r= c~sale & evill dissait passand~ and entrand~ in c~sale be +te quhilk reforma=on~= of attemptat~ suld~ no=t= be maid~ be +tai~ nor +git ressauit for +te p~ty of Ingland~ eft~ +te form~ of +te said~ c~trak and abstinence of weir~ Thinkand~ wirkand~ and lauborand~ in sa fer~ as was In +tame +tat our~ said~ sou~ane lord~ auctoritie suld~ be scornit & ly=t=leit als~ weil be +te lieg~ of Scotland~ as Ingland~ and +tat +te said~ abstinence quhilk was c~tractit and c~cludit for +te co~moun~ wele of +tis realm~ & for sauftie wele & securitie of our sou~ane lord~ & his realm~ suld~ be brokin violat~ or distroyit to +te scai=t= da~pnage & det~ment & schame of our~ said~ sou~ane lord~ his realm~ & liegis lik as at mar~ lenth~ Is c~tenit in +te said~ su~mond~ In pn~s of +te king~ hienes and +te thre Estatis of his realm~ sittand~ in p~liame~t The said~ george lord hume being p~sonaly pn~t and~ accusit be our~ sou~ane lord~ aduocat~ of +te pu~ct~ and artikl~is c~tenit in +te said~

su~mond~ quhilk he denyit And +t~eft~ +te samy~ put to +te decisioun~ and senseme~t of p~liame~t It was fund~ and deliuerit be +te estat~ of +te p~liame~t forsaid~ +tat +te # said~ georg~ lord hume was and Is clene & Innocent of all +te punct~ and artikl~is c~tenit in +te said~ su~mond~ And +t~for our~ said~ sou~ane lord~ w=t= auise and c~sent of his thre estatis forsaid~ in +tis pn~t p~liame~t Assol+geis +te said~ george lord~ hume fra +te punctis c~tenit in +te said su~mond~ and declaris him quyte +t~fra in tyme tocu~ And lr~ez to be direct~ +t~upoun~ in +te best form~ In +te p~liame~t haldin at Edinburgh~ +te xx day of +te mone=t= of Julij +te +ger~ of god~ J=m= v=c= & xxvj +geris Anent +te Su~=d=~ of Tresoun~ rasit at +te Instance of our sou~ane lord~ aganis Andro ker~ of farnyhirst to co~per~ p~sonaly in his p~liame~t to be haldin at Edinburgh~ +te xiiij day of Junij Instant befor~ our said~ sou~ane lord~ & his Justice +te said day to ansuer~ to his hienes of his Justice forsaid~ ffor +te tresonabl~e art and p~t of +te Inobedience and c~temptioun~ maid & done No=t= assistand~ p~sonaly w=t= his men~ counsale and help to archibald~ erle of angus~ lewtene~t & wardane of Our~ souerane lord~ eft and mydl~e m~chis fornent Ingland~ at dais of trewis haldin be +te said~ wardan~ for reformatioun~ of attemptat~ to be maid & ressauit for mutuale obs~uacioun~ of pece and trewis laitly c~tractit betuix our~ said sou~ane lord and his derrest vncl~e +te king of Ingland~ differrand alsua his men~ & tene~t~ c~vict~ befor~ +te wardanys & lieutene~t~ of +te said~ m~chis to bring to +te dais of trewis appu~ctit And to deliuer +tai~ according to +te law and c~suetude of +te bordo=r=~ And for +te tresonabl~e art and part rebellioun~ inobedience and co~temptioun~ maid and done to our~ said~ sou~ane lord~ no=t= c~perand~ p~sonaly bot be co~tumax and tresonably absentand~ him w=t= his pleg~ fra +te pn~s of our~ said~ sou~ane lord~ and his lord~ of counsale differrand~ to geif his c~sale help and suple for reformacioun~ of attemptat~ to be maid betuix +tir tua realmys no=t=w=t=standing +tat be his faith~ & allegiance he Is oblist +t~to And als +tat he was su~mond~ be our~ said~ sou~ane lord~ lr~ez to haif co~perit +te xxvj day of februar~ last bipast & v+t~ diu~s~ dais to +te effect~ forsaid~ vnd~ +te panys of treson~ howbeit Indempnite of +t~ p~soun~s was p~mist and offerit to +tame of +te said~ wardane and all v+t~ +tat +tai wald~ allege dredo=r= of vnd~ gret panys & vnd~ +te pane of leis~ maiestie And alsua for +te tresonabl~e art and p~t of +te making of dampnabl~e & wareit factioun~s aganis our~ said~ sou~ane lord~ his auctoritie & realm~ makand~ co~ue~ticulis and co~ue~tioun~s calland~ & provokand~ our~ souerane lord~ lieg~ to seditioun~ and w=t= +t~ laubo=r= counsale & evill dissait passand~ and entrand~ in counsale be +te quhilk reformatioun~ of atte~ptat~ suld~ no=t= be maid~ be +tai~ nor +git ressauit for +te p~ty of Ingland~ eft~ +te form~ of +te said~ c~tract~ and abstinence of weir~ Thinkand~ wirkand~ & lauborand~ in safer~ as was in hyme +tat our~ said~ sou~ane lord~ auctoritie suld~ be scornit & ly=t=lyit als wele be +te lieg~ of scotland~ as Ingland~ and +tat +te said~ abstinence quhilk was c~tractit and concludit for +te co~moun~ weil of +tis relm~ & for

salftie wele and securitie of our~ sou~ane lord~ & his realm~ suld~ be brokin violat~ or distroyit to +te scai=t= da~pnage and det~ment and schame of our~ said~ sou~ane lord~ his realm~ & liegis lik as at mar~ lenth~ Is c~tenit in +te said~ su~mond~ In pn~s of +te king~ hienes and the thre estat~ of his realm~ sittand~ in p~liame~t The said~ Andro ker~ of farnyhirst being p~sonaly pn~t and accusit be our~ sou~ane lord~ aduocat~ of +te punct~ and artikl~is c~tenit in +te said~ su~=d=~ quhilk he denyit And +t~eft~ +te samy~ put to +te decisioun~ & senseme~t of p~liame~t It was fund~ and deliuerit be +te estatis of p~liame~t forsaid~ +tat +te said~ Andro ker~ of farnyhirst was & Is clene & Innoce~t of all +te punct~ and artikl~is c~tenit in +te said~ su~=d=~ And +t~for our said~ sou~ane lord~ w=t= avise & c~sent of his thre estatis forsaid~ in +tis pn~t p~liament Assol+geis +te said Andro fra +te punct~ c~tenit in +te said su~=d=~ & declaris him quyte +t~fra in tyme tocu~ And lr~ez to be direct~ +t~upoun~ in +te best form~ &c~ [^A PASSAGE IN LATIN OMITTED^] [} (\XXJ JUNIJ SEDERU~T DN~J ELECTI AD ARTICULOS\) }] THIR~ ar~ +te lordis at +te kingis grace will and ordanis to be of his counsale of +te quhilk~ he will at +tar~ be ay watand~ on~ his grace ane certane part of +te said~ lordis as he sall co~mand~ of quhilk nomer he will at his ples~=r= / and as his grace sall think caus~ and tyme cheis~ ane certane to +te nomer~ of iiij v or vj as he sall think expedient to be of his secret counsale w=t= quham he will avis~ apoun~ diu~s~ his mat~is as +tai occur~ and as for +te expeditioun~ and subscriui~g of lr~ez his grace will +tat nane be ansuerit at +te selis bot +tai +tat ar~ subscriuit be him his thesaurar~ & thre co~po~itouris chosin be his grace ane~t mat~is concernyng his casualitie / and in mat~is c~c~ni~g his propirtie his # compttrollar~ and +te thre compo~ito=r=~ as said~ Is That Is to say

[^A LIST OF NAMES OMITTED^] Thir ar +te lord~ +tat +te king~ grace will and ordanis to be of his secret counsale & ne~mit be himself +tat Is to say for +te spu~ale stait The archibischop of glasgw +te bischop of abirdene The bischop of galloway And for +te temporale stait +te erle of angus~ +te erle of ergile +te erle of levinax The erle of mortoun~ +te erle of glencarn~ +te lord maxwell quhais counsale his grace will vse for +te weil of his realm~ OUR souerane lord~ w=t= auis~ of his thre estatis in +tis pn~t p~liame~t ratifyis and apprevis all gift~ donacioun~s of casualities respect~ remissioun~s and all v+t~ maner~ of act~ maid gra~tit & gevin be his hienes to quhatsu~euir~ p~soun~ or p~soun~s sen~ our~ sou~an~ lord~ age of xiiij # +geris/ quhilk~ was +te xj day of aprile last bipast and will at all sic gift~ donacioun~s of casualiteis lr~ez respet~ # remissioun~s writing~ and suplicatioun~s to our~ haly fader~ +te paip be of strenth~ and effect~ in Jugeme~t and outw=t= No=t=w=t=standing ane act~ of p~liame~t maid at Edinburgh~ +te xiiij day of m~che last bipast w=t= +te quhilk act~ +te king~ hienes & estat~ of p~liame~t dispensis And will +tat +te sami~ be of nane avale force nor effect~ in tyme tocu~ / bot to be alutirly abrogat~ and cancellat~ fur~ of +te buk~ of p~liame~t And alsua declaris +tat na man~ of p~soun~s sall Incur~ ony maner~ of cryme pane or disples~=r= throw breking of +te said~ act~ And geif ony p~soun~s +tat has purchest sic donatioun~s of casualiteis gift~ writing~ or v+t~ thing~ c~trar~ +te said~ act~ of # p~liame~t Ordanis +te sami~ to be gra~tit & gevin to +tai~ of new geif +tai pleis~

ITEM +te lordis temporale think~ expedient +tat su~mond~ of tresoun~ sall be rasit in dew form~ aganis +te Erle of eglintoun~ +te lord Simpl~e Nele of mu~gu~ry and Jhone Striueling of +te keir~ kny=t= eftir~ +te form~ of +te king~ mynde for sic crymes as Is aduocat~ pleis~ to libell aganis +tame [} (\EOD~ DIE POST M~ED~ SEDERU~T DN~J ELECTJ AD ARTICULOS VT AN~ M~EDIEM\) }] In pn~s of +te lordis of artikl~is Comperit James Coluile of vchiltre comptrollar~ to our~ souerane lord~ and at +te desire & request of +te said~ lord~ tuk apon~ him to furnis~ the king~ hous~ hon~ably as It Is now onto thur~day +te xxviij day of Junij Instant Sua +tat in +te meyntyme +te lord~ of +te artikl~is and secret counsale sall p~vyde ane sur~ way +tat all +te king~ p~pirtie w=t= v+t~ help of Casualitie to +te sowm~ of iij=m= l~i be deliu~it to him / quhilk being p~uidit & done he sall furnis~ his houshald~ q=ll= la~mes cu~ ane +ger~ his expens~ extending daly to xiiij scor~ of breid~ w=t= +te p~tine~t~ +t~to or # w=t=in And fail+geing heirof +te said xxviij day being past and +te said p~uisioun~ no=t= maid~ & concludit That +te said comptrollar~ sall no=t= be haldin to furnis~ +te king~ hous~ ony ferrar~ And als +tat he sall haf +te witsonday malis & for+t~ payme~t for his sup~expensis vnd~ compt to +te lord~ audito=r=~ of +te chekker~ Anent +te Supplicatioun~ gevin In befor~ +te lord~ of artikl~is & of c~sale in +te behalf of +te burrow mast~is scabynis and c~sale of +te toun~ of mydl~eburgh~ in Zeland~ tuichand~ +te residence and stapl~e of +te m~chand~ and m~chandice of +tis realm~ of scotland~ to be haldin at +te said toun~ of mydl~eburgh~ for certane +geris tocu~ c~form~ to ane c~tract allegit to be maid be +te c~missionar~ havand co~mand~ & p~curatioun~ spe~ale als wele of our~ sou~ane lord~ w=t= avise of +te duk of albany and lord~ of counsale / as p~curatioun~ and consent of +te p~ncipale townis of m~chandice of +tis realm~ That Is to say Edinburgh~ abirdene Striueling Sanctandr~ Sanct Jho~ston~ and dundee to treit w=t= +te said toun~ of mydl~eburgh~ apoun~ +te said~ stapl~e lik as at mar~ lenth~ Is c~tenit in +te said~ suplicatioun~ The said~ burrow maist~is and c~sale of +te toun~ of mydl~eburgh~ comperand~ be Cornelius bertelsone ane of +te burrow maist~is of +te said~ toun~ & Maist~ James foulis And archibald~ douglas p~vest of Edinburgh~ Thomas me~+geis p~vest of abirdene Robert bertoun~ of ovirberntoun~ gilbert me~+geis Willia~ rolland~ w=t= diu~s~ v+t~ burgess~ of Edinburgh~ being p~sonaly pn~t The lordis of Counsale Continewis +te said mat~ in form~ force and effect~ as It Is now onto +te xiiij day of Julij nixt tocu~ w=t= c~tia~tioun~ of dayis And ordanis +tat +te co~missionaris of all +te burrowis of +tis realm~ be warnit to co~per~ +te said~ day for +t~ Int~ess~ in +te mat~ forsaid~ And # Inlikwise

+te said~ Cornelius bertelson~ & Maist~ James comperand~ for +te said~ burrow maist~is as said Is p~duce +te p~ncipale c~tract~ tuiching +te said stapl~e allegit to be selit w=t= +te said~ selis agane +te said~ day geif It be possibl~e at It may be had~ in +tir p~t~ at +tat tyme Sua +tat Justice may be done & mi~strat~ in +te said mater as efferis And lr~ez to be direct~ heirapoun~ The king~ grace w=t= auise and c~sent of +te thre estatis of his realm~ in +tis pn~t p~liament ratifyis and apprevis +te lr~ez of co~mendatioun~ direct~ to our~ haly fader +te pape for p~motioun~ of george abbot of halyrudhous to +te bischopry of dunkeld~ And Inlikwise +te lr~ez of co~mendatioun~ direct~ to his halynes for p~motioun~ of Maist~ Willia~ douglas p~vest of methven~ to +te abbacy of halyrudhous in all punct~ and artikl~is eft~ +te form~ and teno=r= of +te samy~ And +tat new lr~ez be direct~ geif neid~ beis w=t= auctoritie of p~liament The kingis grace with~ avise and c~sent of +te thre estatis of his realm~ in +tis pn~t p~liame~t ratifyis and apprevis now at his age of xiiij +geris The decret gevin in p~liame~t of befor~ for~ Jhone somervale of Cambusnethame aganis James Erle of Arane hew lord somervale James ha~miltoun~ of fy~nert kny=t= & v+t~is tuiching +te said~ Jhone somervalis landis quhatsu~euir~ in all punct~ and artikl~is eftir~ +te form~ and teno=r= of +te samyne The king~ grace w=t= avis~ of his thre Estatis Ratifyis and apprevis +te gift and charter of fewferm~ maid to his familiar~ s~uitour~ henry kempt of +te land~ of dowywra pottertoun~ Robertland~ cult~wra and clerkland~ liand w=t=in +te lordschip of Stewartoun~ in all pu~ct~ and artikl~is eft~ +te form~ and teno=r= of +te said~ charter quhilk Is co~siderit to be in agme~tacioun~ of his rentale Ratifyis and apprevis +te lr~ez of co~mendatioun~ send~ to our~ haly fader +te paip for p~motioun~ of Maist~ Cristofer boyd~ to +te abbacy of dundrynan~ in all punct~ and artikl~is eft~ +te form~ and teno=r= of +te samy~ And new lr~ez to be direct~ geif neid~ be Ratifyis and apprevis +te chart~ of lifrent maid of befor~ to Willia~ spitehous~ al~s dru~mond~ of +te fife pund land~ of galtwalmo=r= v l~i land~ of fordone and tua m~k land~ of glentarkan~ of auld~ extent for all +te dais of his life vnd~ +te gret sele Off +te dait At Edinburgh~ +te xxiiij day of december~ +te +ger~ of god J=m= v=c= and vj +geris and of our~ sou~ane lord~ regne quhem god assol+ge +te xix +ger~ In all pu~ct~ and artikl~is eftir~ +te form~ and teno=r= of +te said~ charter The quhilk day +te lord~ of artikl~is ordanis +tat na lr~ez co~pulsatouris be gevin apoun~ Maist~ Jhone campbell

thesaurar~ at +te Instance of ony p~soun~s for sealis awing to +tai~ sa fer~ as Is no=t= allowit to him in his compt~ quhill he get payme~t of his sup~ expensis Except~ +te dettis awing to m~chand~ ITEM ane~t +te artikl~e maid tuiching +te gyding of +te king~ mast nobl~e persone It Is diuisit ordanit and concludit +tat the lord~ to be chosin be our souerane lord~ to be of his secret counsale or +te mast p~t of +tame sall await apoun~ his grace And geif him counsale anent +te giding and ordouring of his hienes in his p~soun~ ffor +te sure c~s~uatioun~ +t~of in hele hono=r= and prosperitie And all v+t~ thing~ conc~ni~g +te gyding of his realm~ and co~moun~ wele of +te sami~ Quhais counsale his grace of his humylitie has p~mist to exerce and vse & no=t= to pas~ +t~fra ITEM our Souerane lord~ w=t= auise and auctoritie of +te thre Estatis of his realm~ pn~tly revokis all gift~ sealis donatioun~s and pensioun~s gevin to ony p~soun~ or p~soun~s quhatsu~euir~ of his p~pirtie sen +te deceis~ of his mast nobl~e fader quham god assol+ge Sa +tat his hale propirtie sall be Inbroch~t to our said~ sou~ane lord~ comptrollar~ for +te hon~abl~e furnesing of his houss~ as accordis for +te estait royale ITEM anent +te artikl~e tuiching +te cours~ of money bringing hame of bul+geoun~ gold and siluir~ and +te having furth~ of +te gold of +te mynd~ Ordanis +te act~ & statutis maid +t~upoun~ of befor~ to haue effect~ and to be put to execucioun~ in +te scharpest form~ and sercho=r=e to be deput +t~to as accord~ That Is to say Archibald~ douglace p~vest of Edinburgh~ to be sercho=r= principale at +te port of leith~ w=t= sic deput~ as he plesis to deput vndir him to serche and seik all maner~ of p~soun~s passand~ furth~ of +tis realme at +te said~ port / sa +tat nane of +tame tak fur=t= money gold~ or siluir~ w=t= +tame cu~+geit nor vncu~+geit And siclik +te said~ archibald~ to deput~ vnd~ him sercho=r=~ at every port of +te realm~ to +tat effect~ +tat +te money may remane in +te sami~ vncareit fur=t= of +te realm~ c~forme to +te auld~ act~ of p~liame~t maid +t~upoun~ of befor~ And +te said sercho=r=~ to eschet and tak all sic money to be had away And +tat ane half of +te money eschetit to be Inbro=t= to our~ sou~ane lord~ vse And +tat v+t~ half to remane w=t= +te sercho=r=~ for +t~ laubo=r=~ ITEM ane~t +te artikl~e maid to provyde how +te auld act~ and statut~ maid~ aganis +tame +tat dois c~trar~ +te kingis p~uilege gra~tit to his predecessouris and successo=r=~ be +te sege of rome And spe~alie temporale men~ +tat ar~ c~trar~ +te said~ act~ in ly=t=lying of +te kingis auctoritie mak~ fina~ce & furnesing to +te p~soun~s brekand~ and hurtand~ our souerane lord~ p~uilege And quhat ordour~ sall be takin aganis scottis clerkis remanand~ in Rome +tat stand~ c~trar~ our~ said~ souerane

lord~ preuelege It Is statute and ordanit in +tis pn~t p~liament +tat +te act~ and statut~ maid of befor~ aganis +tame passand c~trar~ our~ said~ souerane lord~ p~uilege And ane~t +te ordour~ sall be takin aganis scottis clerkis +tat stand~ in Rome aganis our~ souerane lordis p~uilege That +te act~ and statut~ maid~ +t~upoun~ of befor be obs~uit and kepit in tyme tocum And +tat dittay be takin apon~ +te brekaris of ony of +te said~ act~ till vnd~ly +te law for +te sami~ +te thrid~ day of +te nixt Justice air~ of +te schire quhar~ +te brekaris duellis or apoun~ xv dayis warnyng befor~ our souerane lordis Justice p~ncipale or his deputis quhen and quhar~ +tai sall be su~mond +t~to be our said~ souerane lord~ lr~ez / Sa +tat Justice sall extremly be done apon~ +tai passand in c~trar~ +te p~uilege gra~tit to +te king~ hienes and brekand~ +te act~ and~ statutis maid~ +t~upoun~ eft~ +te form~ and~ teno=r= +t~of ITEM anent +te artikl~e maid~ ane~t +te mariage of our soueran~ lord and quhat diligence sall be maid +t~in It Is tho=t= expedient be +te thre estatis in +tis pn~t p~liame~t +tat honest ambassato=r=~ be send~ Intill france and Ingland~ as It sall pleis~ +te king~ grace to treit apon~ his mariage according to his estate riale ITEM anent +te artikl~e p~ponit to put sum ordour~ for +te keping of +te auld~ act~ of p~liame~t +tat ar~ penale Throw breking of +te quhilk~ +te realme tak~ gret scaith~ and no~ pvnitioun~ of +te samyn~ causis +te king~ grace to want gret p~fitt~ It Is statut~ and ordanit in +tis present p~liament +tat +te said~ act~ and statut~ penale maid of befor~ be obs~uit and kepit in tyme tocu~ And +tat +te p~soun~s brekaris +t~of be callit be our souerane lord~ lr~ez at p~ticular~ diet~ befor~ +te king~ grace & his c~sale To her~ +tai~ be decernit to haif Incurrit +te panis c~tenit in said act~ And to be pvnist +t~for eftir~ +te form~ & tenour~ of +te samy~ &c~ ITEM ane~t the artikl~e proponit forsamekle as oft tymez~ +gong p~soun~s deis +tat may no=t= mak testame~t~ +te ordin~is vsis to geif execu=tor~= dativis to +tare gud~ quhilk~ Intromett~ +t~w=t= and w=t=drawis +te gud~ fra +te ky~nis folk and freynd~ +tat suld~ haue +te sami~ be +te law It Is statut~ and ordanit be +te thre Estatis in +tis pn~t p~liame~t That quhar~ ony sic p~souns deis w=t=in age +tat may no=t= mak +t~ testame~t~ The nerrest of +t~ kyn~ to succeid~ to +tai~ sall have +t~ gud~ w=t=out p~iudice to +te ordin~is ane~t +te cote of +t~ testame~t~ ITEM It Is statut~ and ordanit +tat na legat~ nor legatioun~ be ressauit in +tis realm~ bot be +te avise of our~ souerane lord~ and his thre Estatis And vnd~standing be +tai~ for +te c~moun~ wele of +te sami~ c~form~ to +te auld~ act~ of p~liame~t maid +t~upon~ of befor~ ITEM ane~t +te artikl~e maid to provyde remeid~ aganis +te crueltie & falsett of +tai~ +tat vnd~ traist w=t= dissait

co~mitt~ cruell slaucht~is And aganis +tai~ +tat apon~ +te nych~t co~mitt~ slauchtir~ birni~g of housis corn~+gard~ & cornis And +tat slais ony of +te king~ counsale or watis men~ in +t~ awn~ houss~ & slais +tame It Is statut~ and ordanit be +te thre estat~ in +tis pn~t p~liame~t for eschewing of sic crueltie in tyme tocu~ +tat na respit nor remissioun~ sall be gevin quhill our~ sou~ane lord~ age of xxv +geris to ony maner~ of p~soun~ or p~soun~s quhatsu~euir~ +tat vndir~ traist w=t= dissait co~mitt~ slauchtir~ Nor to +tame +tat vpon~ +te ny=t= makis slauchtir~ birnys housis cornis corn~ +gardis or slais ony of +te king~ c~sale or watis men~ in +t~ awn~ houss~ & slais +tame / bot all sic p~soun~s to be callit c~form~ to +te lawis of +te realm~ and extreme Justice done apon~ +tame w=t= all rigour~ sa +tat in cais~ sic c~mitt~is of Crueltie my=t= be circu~ue~tioun~ optene respet~ or remissioun~s +te sami~ geif ony beis gevin to be of nane avale force nor effect~ in tyme tocu~ The king~ grace declaris +tat he gaif c~mand~ to +te erlis of angus~ and levinax +te lord~ maxwell flemyng & maist~ of kilmawris to pas~ and tak certane rebellis beand~ i~ cu~pany w=t= +te maist~ of halis in boltoun~ And +t~for his hienes & thre Estatis of p~liame~t declaris +tat +te said~ lord~ nor nane beand~ in +t~ cu~pany c~mittit ony cryme In rasing of fire or takin of +te said~ Maist~ halis / & rebellis bot be senseme~t of p~liame~t dec~nis +ta~ Innocent & [^GAP IN ORIGINAL^] and to Incur~ na accusatioun~ +t~for in tyme tocu~ The king~ grace and thre estatis of p~liamet ordanis respect~ be maid & gevin to +te erlis of angus~ ergile and levinax glencarn~ lord maxwell +t~ kyn~ frend~ men~ tene~t~ & s~ua~d~ and v+t~is +t~ p~t takaris to be namyt and spe~fyit be +tame for all maner~ of crymes / tresoun~ in our~ sou~ane lord~ p~soun~ alanerly except And +te said respect~ for +te space of xix +geris to endur~ Providing +tat digne satisfaction~ be maid~ to all p~tyis complenand on +te p~souns to be namyit in +te said respect~ And attour~ his grace will +tat +te said~ gen~all respect gra~tit be him in p~liame~t to +te said~ erlis of Angus levinax Ergile glencarn~ & lord maxwell & +t~ frend~ be to +te dait +te xij day of Junij in +te +ger~ of god for~said~ quhilk was +te begy~ni~g of +te p~liame~t And +te said~ respet~ to haue na place fra +tinfurth~ bot for actioun~s co~mittit befor~ +te dait +t~of Providing Inlikwise +tat +te erle of eglinton~ +te lord simpill Nele mu~gu~ry +te lard of keir~ nor +te p~soun~s +tat co~mittit +te last slauchtir~ in fiff apoun~ +te lard of lochlevi~nis s~uand~ sall on~ na wise be c~prehendit in +te said~ respect~ And +te said~ lord~ to geif In +te names of p~soun~s +tat +tai will haif Namyt in +te said~ respect~ w~in xx dais nixt tocu~

[} (\XX DIE JUNII\) }] [^A PASSAGE IN LATIN AND A LIST OF NAMES OMITTED^] The king~ grace w=t= auise and c~sent of +te thre Estatis of his realm~ in +tis pn~t p~liame~t ratifyis and apprevis +te gift of lifrent maid~ of befor~ be our souerane lord~ at last decessit of gud mynde quhem god~ assol+ge to his louit Marioun~ bonkill of +te land~ of anstreoch~t clon+gark glenstokan~ & v+t~ land~ w=t=in +te lordschip of galloway In all pu~ct~ and artikl~is eft~ +te form~ of +te said~ gift / No=t=w=t=standing ony act~ maid~ in +te c~trar~ The king~ grace ratifyis and app~vis +te gift of pe~sioun~ of +te sowm~ of xl l~i maid~ of befor~ to Maist~ Jhone chesholm~ of +te gret custu~is of +te burgh~ of Edinburgh~ in all pu~ct~ & artikl~is eft~ +te form~ and teno=r= of +te said~ gift No=t=w=t=sta~ding ony act~ or reuocatioun~ maid~ in +te c~trar~ The king~ grace w=t= auise and~ c~sent of his thre Estatis forsaid~ Ratifyis and apprevis +te gift of +te office of directo=r= of his chancelary maid to his louit familiar~ Patrik houstoun~ of +tat Ilk w=t= all feis and dewiteis p~teni~g +t~to In all pu~ct~ & artikl~is eft~ +te form~ and teno=r= of the said~ gift of +te dait +te xix day of Junij +te +ger~ of god~ J=m= v=c= and xxvj +geris Ratifyis and apprevis +te gift maid~ of befor~ to archibald~ erl~e of angus~ of +te sowm~ of xvj=c= l~i for his gud~ s~uice maid & done apon~ +te bordo=r=~ In all pu~ct~ & artikl~is eft~ +te form~ and teno=r= of +te said~ gift maid~ +t~upoun~

Our sou~ane lord~ w=t= avise c~sent and auct~e of his thre Estatis In +tis pn~t p~liame~t ratifyis apprevis and c~fermis +te gift maid~ be his hienes of befor~ w=t= avis~ of Jhone duk of albany his tuto=r= for +te tyme to george lord hume of all and hail +te land~ possessioun~s takk~ steding~ gud~ movable and unmovabl~e p~teni~g to vmq=le= Alex~r lord hume his brod~ In all pu~ct~ and artikl~is eft~ +te teno=r= of +te said~ gift and geif neid~ # beis of new gevis him +te samy~ eft~ +te teno=r= of +te said~ auld~ gift and to be extendit in +te best form~ The king~ grace w=t= auise and c~sent of +te thre Estatis of his realm~ in +tis pn~t p~liame~t has requirit & requyris ane maist Reu~end~ fader in god~ James archibischop of sanctandr~ co~mendito=r= of dunfermling That he ceis~ fra all p~ceding aganis our sou~ane lord~ liegis +tat has tak~ of ony p~t of his landis be him self or his co~missar~ be v~tu of ony c~missioun~ v+t~wayis +tan c~form~ to +te c~moun~ law and vse and c~suetude of +tis realme And +tat lr~ez be direct~ heirapoun~ &c~

[} (\APUD EDINBURGH, XXIX DIE MAII, A. D. M,D,LI.\) }] [^A PASSAGE IN LATIN OMITTED^] THE quhilk day my Lord Gouernour with auise of the thre Estatis of Parliament hauand respect to the Nobill Catholick & Christin actis and statutis maid be vmquhile our Souerane Lord king James the fyft that last deceissit quhome God assol+gie for conseruatioun and halding of his liegis in the trew and godlie faith euer hiddertillis not onelie be him bot also be his maist Nobill progenitouris inuiolablie obseruit and keipit sen thay first ressaifit the samin and in speciall sic statutis ordinancis and actis maid anentis thame that wilfullie obstinatlie or arrogantlie incurris the panis of cursing be ony maner of way and lyis vnder that dampnabill stait lang tyme schawand thair vngodlie lyfe to vthers the faithfull liegis of this Realme hauand na regarde to be participant of the merite of the blude of Christ nor of the suffrage of halie kirk quha throw thair arrogance obstinance and inobedience wilfullie throw colour and pretence of deuotioun to schaw thair hie Ipocresie cummis to the halie buird of God and ressaifis thair Sacrament lyand vnder the said Censuris of cursing in the euill exempill to the vthers gude trew simpill Catholick pepill And for remedie heirof and for eschewing of sic euill abominabill peruersit and detestabill vicis in tymes cumming to the effect that the liegis of this Realme may liue in trew faith in our Souerane Lady~ tyme that now is as thay haue done in hir maist Nobil progenitouris tymis Hes statute and ordanit that quhatsumeuer persoun or persounis ar denuncit cursit for ony maner of cause in thair paroche kirk

oppinlie and publiclie on ane solempnit day in tyme of diuine seruice befoir nune befoir the parochin or personallie quhair euer thay be befoir famous witnes and lyis thairin obstinatlie be the space of ane +geir or ressaifis the body of God blist and halie Sacrament vnder the said cursing vnrecounsallit to the bosum of halie kirk that all thair gudis mouabill throw that deid sall fall in our Souerane Ladyis handis be ressoun of escheit and that the samin be inbrocht to hir vse quhair euer thay may be apprehendit to be disponit at hir grace plesure Prouyding alwayis that thay at quhais instance sic persounis ar denuncit cursit for sowmis of money for fulfilling of ony deid salbe first satifeit and payit of all sowmis or vther thingis that thay may craif be vertew of the saidis letters of cursing of the saidis escheit gudis and thairefter the remanent to pertene to our Souerane Lady And that letters be direct to mak publicatioun heirof at all placis neidfull THE quhilk day forsamekill as my Lord Gouernouris grace and thre Estatis of Parliament hauand respect to the greit heuy and abominabill cryme of treson and lese maiestie committit be diuers and sindrie our Souerane Ladyis liegis within this Realme and outwith the samin for quhilkis sic tratouris hes bene callit accusit and be the thre Estatis declairit tratouris in # Parliament Notwithstanding sic tratouris swa banist and fugitiue without licence or tollerance of our Souerane Lady or my Lord Gouernouris respect remissioun or supersedere cummis and resortis agane within this Realme and hantis and repairis amangis our Souerane Ladyis liegis lyke as thay nor nane of thame had committit ony offence aganis our Souerane Lady my Lord Gouernour the Realme nor the autorite and ar resset fortifeit and mantenit be our Souerane Ladyis liegis thair assistaris fauouraris mantenaris and art and part takaris with thame in thair tressonable deidis hauand na regaird towart our Souerane Lady my Lord Gouernour nor the autoritie And in tymes cumming to schaw that foule abominabill cryme of lese maiestie and treson and for punischement of the committaris thairof thair assistaris fauouraris mantenaris ressettaris fortifiaris and part takaris of all sic tratouris and thair company and to auoide the company of vthers our Souerane Ladyis trew and faithfull subiectis It is deuisit statute and ordanit be my Lord Gouernour and thre Estatis of Parliament that in caice of ony sic declairit # tratour or tratouris happinnis to be handillit takin apprehendit or slane vpone suddantie or vtherwayis put to deid than and in that caice it sal not be leiffull to the kin freindis assistaris fortifiaris mantenaris fauouraris or art and part takaris with sic tratouris on na wyse fra the tyme that siclyke tratour or tratouris happinnis to be handillit apprehendit or slane frathyne furth to moue ony questioun pikgruge or querrell or beir ony rancour hatrent or inuie aganis the persoun of persounis committaris of the slauchter of siclyke persounis tratouris nor to persew nor inuaid thame for

bodylie harme slauchter or vtherwayis to iniure thame in word or deid for that cause nouther for tymes bygane nor tocum vnder the pane of treson with certificatioun to quhatsumeuer persoun of persounis that cummis in the contrare of the premissis that he salbe callit and accusit vpone treson lyke as the committar of the principall cryme salbe in lyke maner punist co~forme to the Lawis of the Realme with all rigour THE samin day forsamekill as it was deuisit statute and ordanit of befoir that nane of our Souerane Lydyis liegis sould tak vpone hand to schute with half hag culuering or pistolate at Deir Ra wylde beistis or wylde foulis vnder the pane of deid Notwithstanding our Souerane Ladyis liegis daylie and continuallie incontrare the tenour of the actis maid thairupone incurrand the panis contenit in the samin schutis with half hag culuering and pistolate at the saidis wylde beistis and wylde foulis quhairthrow the Nobill men of the Realme can get na pastyme of halking and huntin lyke as hes bene had in tymes bypast be ressoun that all sic wylde beistis and wylde foulis ar exilit and banist be occasioun forsaid And for remeid heirof It is deuisit statute and ordanit be my Lord Gouernouris grace and thre Estatis of Parliament +git as of befoir that nane of our Souerane Ladyis liegis of quhatsumever degre he be of tak vpone hand to schute at Deir Ra or vther wylde beistis or wylde foulis with half hag culuering or pistolate in ony tymes tocum vnder the pane of deid and confiscatioun of all thair gudis for thair contemptioun and quhat persoun or persounis that happinnis to tak or apprehend ony maner of persounis cummand incontrare this present act and statute and bringis him to the Schiref of the Schire or his Deputis the takar sall haue the escheit of all the persounis gudis he apprehendis and salbe rewardit vtherwayis as accordis for his laubouris [} (\APUD EDINBURGH, I DIE FEBRUARII, A. D. M,D,LI.\) }] [^A PASSAGE IN LATIN OMITTED^] THE quhilk day forsamekill as my Lord Gouernour and thre Estatis of Parliament being remembrit of the monyfald actis of Parliament and diuers vthers actis and statutis maid in generall counsall & vtherway~ for suppressing of derth in this Realme of viuers & wynis lyke as in the saidis actis and statutis maid thairupone is at mair lenth contenit Nothwithstanding

the multiplie of wynis daylie cummand within this Realme at the eist and west seyis the prices thairof decayis not bot the said derth remanis & the occasioun thairof is vnderstand to consist in our Souerane Lady~ liegis that foirstallis and byis the samin in priuie maner & how sone the samin ar coft puttis the samin in secreit housis and not in oppin tauernis selland the samin vpone hiear prices nor the commoun tauerne dois And besyde the samin sic wynis as ar sauld in co~moun tauernis ar commounlie be all tauernaris mixt with auld corrupt wynis and with watter to the greit appeirand danger and seiknes of the byaris and greit perrell of the saulis of the sellaris And for remeid heirof and to eschew sic inconuenientis in tyme cumming It is deuisit statute and ordanit be my Lord Gouernour and thre Estatis of Parliament That nane of our Souerane ladyis liegis tak vpone hand to by ony wynis that is cummin or sall happin to cum at the eist and northland seyis fra this day furth of ony derrar prices nor xx . pund the twn of Burdeous wyne and the Rochell wyne for . xvj . pund the twn and that nane of thame sell the samin of ony derrar price nor . x . d~ . the pynt of Burdeous wyne and the Rochell wyne for viij . d~ . the pynt within the boundis foirsaidis And that na wynis that is cum in at the west seyis or is to cu~ in be bocht of ony derrar price nor . xvj pund the twn of Burdeous wyne & the Rochell wyne for . xij . or . xiij pund the twn and that nane of thame sell the samin of ony derrar price nor . viij . d~ . the pynt of Burdeows wyne and . vj . d~ . the pynt of Rochell wyne vnder the pane of escheting of all the saidis wynis that thay sall happin to by togidder with the rest of thair gudis mouabill for thair co~te~ptioun And that na maner of tauernaris tak vpone hand to mak ony mixtiou~ with ony auld wynis & new wynis of this +geir or put ony watter in the samin vnder the pane of escheting of the punschoun +t=t= sic auld wyne or watter salbe put into togidder with the rest of all and sindrie the wynis being the awnaris of sic ane tauerne and tinsall of thair fredome for euer And in lyke maner that nane of our Souerane Ladyis liegis byaris of sic wynis and hauaris of tauernis tak vpone hand to huird or hyde ony sic wynis coft be thame in thair housis and priuie placis bot that thay put the samin in thair commoun tauernis and woltis thairof to be sauld indifferentlie to our Souerane Ladyis liegis vpone the pricis befoir expremit vnder the panis foirsaidis Prouyding alwayis that the Burgh of Sanct Johnstoun sall haue licence to sell the wynis coft be thame . ij . d~ . of the quarte derar nor vther Burrowis adiacent vnto thame ITEM It is statute and ordanit that the act and ordinancis maid vpone the prices of all wylde foulis and tame foulis be obseruit and keipit and vpone the byaris and sellaris thairof to be put to executioun in all punctis efter the forme and tenour thairof and the panis contenit in the samin to be execute vpone

thame of the quhilk the tenour folowis The quhilk day forsamekill as the Quenis grace my Lord Gouernour and Lordis of secreit counsall hauand respect to the greit and exhorbitant derth rysin in this Realme vpone the wylde and tame foulis for putting of ordour heirto and remedie heirof It is deuisit statute and ordanit be the Quenis grace my Lord Gouernour and Lordis of secreit counsall That the wylde meit and tame meit vnder writtin be sauld in all tymes cumming of the prices following That is to say in the first the cran . v . s . The swan . v . s . The wylde guse of the greit bind . ij . s . the claik quink and rute the price of the peice . xviij . d~ . Item the pluwer and small mure foule price of the peice . iiij . d~ . The blak cok and the gray hen price of the peice . vj . d~ . the dosane or poutis . xij . d~ . Item the quhaip . vj . d~ . Item the cuning . ij . s . vnto the Feist of Fasterniseuin nixt tocum and fra thine furth . xij . d~ . Item the laproun . ij . d~ . Item the wodcok . iiij . d~ . Item the dosane of lauerokis and vthers small birdis the price of the dosane . iiij . d~ . Item the snype and qual+gie price of the peice . ij . d~ . Item the tame guse . xvj . d~ . Item the capone . xij . d~ . Item the hen and pultrie . viij . d~ . Item the chikin . iiij . d~ . Item the gryse . xviij . d~ . And for obseruing and keiping of this act quhatsumeuer persoun or persounis alsweill byar as sellar that brekis the samin and dois in the contrare heirof That all his gudis salbe takin and eschetit to our Souerane Ladyis vse and thair persounis punist at my Lord Gouernouris will and plesoure ITEM It is desyrit to be concludit in this present Parliament quhair Scottismen vnassurit with Ingland raid vpone Scottismen assurit with Ingland the tyme thay war assurit and tuke thair gudis and geir quhether gif thay assurit persounis spul+geit haue iust actioun and place to ask restitutioun of thair gudis and amendis for the dampnageis done to thame or not? It is concludit decernit and declairit be the Quenis grace my Lord Gouernour with aduise of the thre Estatis of Parliame~t That quhair our Souerane Ladyis chargeis & proclamatiounis or my Lord Gouernouris priuate letters or command was direct chargeing all and sindrie assurit persounis of this Realme with Ingland and that sat vnder thair assurance to discharge thame of the said assurance & leif the opinion of Ingland and to cum to the obedience of our Souerane Lady my Lord Gouernour and the autoritie within ane certane terme prefixt thairto contenit in the said letters and wald not leif the opinioun foirsaid bot assistit to Ingland Inglismen and thair companie That thay Scottismen assurit in maner foirsaid sall haue na place nor actioun to persew the persounis Scottismen vnassurit for the spoliatioun of thair gudis or satisfactioun of ony vther dampnageis done to thame thairefter And quhair na letters chargeis proclamatiounis nor vthers priuate wryttingis nor command of my Lord Gouernouris grace war

direct chargeing sic assurit persounis to leif the opinioun of Ingland and to cum to the obeysance of our Souerane Lady my Lord Gouernour and the autoritie nor na sic chargeis come to thair eiris that thay Scottisme~ assurit as said is sall haue place and actioun to persew the persounis vnassurit that spul+geit for restitutioun of thair gudis and amendis for the dampnage and skaith sustenit be thame gif the spul+gearis had na speciall command nouther in writ nor word of my Lord Gouernour to ryde vpone sic assurit persounis ITEM To the resolutioun maid vpone the secund article makand mentioun quhair men assurit or vnassurit raid in particular pin+geounis and small companyis of Inglismen the Scottismen being the greitest number and inuadit the Scottisme~ vnassurit brint thair housis spul+geit thair gudis and hereit thame thairthrow quhether gif the persoun spul+geit and hereit hes iust actioun to persew sic Scottismen spul+gearis for restorance of thair gudis agane and satisfactioun for the dampnageis done to thame or not? It is decernit and declarit be the Quenis grace my Lord Gouernour with auise of the thre Estatis of Parliament foirsaid that all sic persounis spul+geit hurt or dampnageit in maner foirsaid hes iust actioun and place to persew the spul+gearis and to desyre restorance of thair gudis and satisfactioun of thair dampnageis as accordis of the law ITEM As to the resolutioun to be tane vpone the thrid article beirand in effect quhair ony Scottismen assurit be Ingland and raid with the armie thairof vpone ony Scottismen vnassurit for birning of thair placis slauchter of thame selfis thair wyfis and barnis and spul+geit thame of thair gudis or birning of thair cornis downcasting of thair housis and vthers destructiounis quhether gif it be leiffull to ony Scotisman spul+geit in that sort with the armie of Ingland to persew ony Scottisman being in companie with the armie of Ingland the tyme of the spoliatioun and destructioun foirsaid for spoliatioun of thair gudis and satisfactioun for the dampnageis sustenit be thame or hes iust cause and actioun to sute thairfoir It is concludit and declairit be the Quenis grace my Lord Gouernour and thre Estatis foirsaidis That sic persounis vnassurit brint hereit and destroyit be Scottismen assurit and being in companie with the armie of Ingland and come with thame and war with thame the tyme of the spoliatioun birning and destructioun foirsaid hes iust actioun and cause to persew all assurit persounis Scottismen that raid in maner foirsaid for restitutioun and deliuerance of thair gudis spul+geit fra thame and satisfactioun and amendis for the dampnageis and hurtis as accordis ITEM It is declairit in this present Parliament that forsamekill as Archibald Erle of Anguse George

Dowglas of Pettendreich Knycht his brother vmquhile Archibald Dowglas of Kilspindie thair Eme and thair part takaris was be our Souerane Lord that last decessit banist forfaltit and declairit thairthrow Inimeis to this Realme and thaireftir thay remanit for saiftie of thair lyfis in the Realme of Ingland and was with the Lieutennentis wardanis and Capitanis of Ingland in tyme of weir and vthers tymes inuaidand this Realme and liegis thairof be fyre and sword & peax being tretit was comprehendit in the samin And now thay being restorit and thair forfaltour reducit in caice of ony of the liegis of this Realme wald persew thame for heirschippis slauchters skaithis or dampnageis done the tyme thay war forfaltit and being with Ingland or vtherwayis It is declairit that thay nor nane of thame nor thair part takaris and complices being forfaltit with thame ar not nor sall not be haldin to answer to ony liegis of this Realme for na inuasioun of thame be fyre sword slauchter heirschippis nor dampnageis done be thame the tyme foirsaid that thay war forfaltit nor the lieg~ foirsaidis may not nor sall not haue actioun to persew thame for ony of the premissis And this to remane as act of Parliament declairand the cause foirsaid to remane as Law in tyme cumming Prouyding that this act be not extendit to na vthers Rebellis of tymes bygane nor tocum bot to the saidis Erle of Anguse George Dowglas and thair vmquhile Eme Archibald because thay war speciallie comprehendit in the peax ITEM Because notwithstanding the oft and frequent prechingis in detestatioun of the greuous and abominabill aithis sweiring execratiounis and blasphematioun of the name of God sweirand in vane be his precious blude body passioun & woundis Deuill stick cummer gor roist or ryfe thame and sic vthers vgsume aithis and execratiounis aganis the command of God +git the samin is cum in sic ane vngodlie vse amangis the pepill of this Realme baith of greit and small Estatis that daylie and hourlie may be hard amangis thame oppin blasphematioun of Godis name and maiestie to the greit contemptioun thairof and bringing of the Ire and wraith of God vpone the pepill heirfoir and for eschewing of sic inconuenientis in tymes cumming It is statute and ordanit that quhatsumeuir persoun or persounis sweiris sic abominabill aithis and detestabill execratiounis as is afoir reheirsit sall incur the panis efter following als oft as thay fail+gie respectiue That is to say ane Prelate of Kirk Erle or Lord for euerie fault to be committit for the space of thre monethis nixt tocum That is to say vnto the first day of Maij exclusiue . xij . d~ . Ane Barrone or beneficit man constitute in dignite ecclesiastick iiij . d~ . Ane landit man frehalder wassall fewar Burges and small beneficit men . ij . d~ . Ane craftisman +geman a seruand man and all vthers . j . d~ . Item the pure folkis that hes na geir to pay the pane foirsaid to be put in the stokis or presonit for

the space of four houris and wemen to be weyit and considderit conforme to thair blude or estate of thair parteis that thay ar cuplit with And this pane to be dowblit vpone euerie committar efter the outrinning of the saidis thre monethis for the space of vther thre monethis thairefter That is to say fra the first day of Maij vnto the first day of August exclusiue and from the first day of August vnto the first day of Nouember exclusiue the pane to be triplit that is to say for euerie penny . iij . d~ . And fra the saide first day of Nouember to the first day of Februar thairefter quhilk makis the +geir co~pleit the pane to be quadruplit that is to say for euerie penny . iiij . d~ . effeirand to thair estate And fra the completing of the said +geir the first fault of ane Prelate Erle or Lord to be . iiij . s . the secund fault . viij . s . and the thrid fault . xvj . s . and for the feird fault to be banist or put in waird for the space of +geir and day at the will of the Prince and siclyke of all vther estatis efter thair qualitie foirsaid to be punischit effeirandlie And this foirsaid pane to be applyit to the pure folkis be thame that salbe depute collectouris thairof ITEM It is statute and ordanit aganis all persounis quhilkis co~tempnandlie makis perturbatioun in the Kirk the tyme of deuine seruice and precheing of the worde of God stopand the samin to be hard and sene be the deuote pepill and will not desist and ceis thairfra for na spirituall monitioun that the Kirkmen may vse vpone thame Thairfoir quhatsumeuer persoun makis perturbatioun or impediment in the Kirk in maner foirsaid sall incur the panis as efter followis That is to say for the first fault ane Prelate Erle or Lord ten pund ane Barrone or persoun constitute in dignitie ecclesiastik fyue pund ane wassall frehalder Burges or small beneficit man fourtie schillingis and vthers . xx . schillingis and pure folkis that hes na gudis to be put in presoun for . xv . dayis to fast breid and watter and for the secund fault the dowbling thairof and for the thrid fault warding of thair persounis or banissing for +geir and day and ordanis the Dene of Gilde Kirk maisters and rewlaris to gar leische barnis that perturbis the Kirk in maner foirsaid ITEM That because mony persounis wittanlie knawand thame selfis vnder the proces of cursing and beand chargeit to remoue fra deuine seruice wilfullie enteris thame selfis thairto and will not remoue quhairthrow thay stop the remanent Christin pepill fra deuine seruice and incurris the greit cursing of the Law fra the quhilk nane may absolue bot the Papis halines Thairfoir it is statute and ordanit that quha sa euer beis notit and conuictit to haue remanit in the Kirk in the tyme of deuine seruice efter that he haue bene warnit & chargeit to remoue beand vnder proces of cursing denuncit vpone him dewlie outher oppinlie in his paroche Kirk or personallie to be punist as perturbaris of the Kirk of God and to incur the panis of the foirsaid last act

ITEM Quhatsumeuer persoun beand vnder proces of cursing dewlie denuncit vpone him in maner foirsaid compellis ony Kirkman to say Messe in his presence quhilk knawis the compellar to be vnder proces of cursing and wald not say Messe in his presence without he war compellit thairto The compellar for his said contemptioun efter that he be notit and conuict thairof to tyne all his mouabill gudis and the samin to be applyit to our Souerane Ladyis escheit ITEM It is statute and ordanit that quhatsumeuer persoun maryis twa sindrie wyfis or woman maryis twa sindrie husbandis leuand togidder vndeuorsit lauchfullie contrare the aith and promes maid at the solmepnizatioun and contracting of the matrimonie and swa ar of the Law periure and infame Thairfoir that the panis of periuring be execute vpone thame with all rigour That is to say confiscatioun of all thair gudis mouabill warding of thair persounis for +geir and day and langar induring the Quenis will and as infame persounis neuer habill to bruke office honour dignitie nor benefice in tyme tocum ITEM Anent persounis that ar maryit and ar oppin manifest commoun and incorrigibill adulteraris and will not desist and ceis thairfra for feir of ony spirituall iurisdictioun or Censuris of halie Kirk to the greit perrell of thair awin saulis Thairfoir it is statute and ordanit in this present Parliament that all sic incorrigibill adulteraris efter that the proces of halie Kirk sa far as the samin may extend to be vsit vpone thame for thair inobedience and contemptioun be denuncit our Souerane Ladyis Rebellis and put to hir horne and all thair mouabill . &c . And swa na appellatioun interponit fra the said Censuris of halie Kirk to suspend the horning ITEM Anent the article proponit twiching the greit exhorbitant derth rasit in this Realm be malt makaris and the greit oppressioun maid be thame daylie and continuallie vpone our Souerane Ladyis liegis quhairthrow this Realme is not gudlie seruit lyke as the samin hes bene in tymes bygane and for remedie heirof and stanching of the pretendit murmure maid be sic malt men anent the making of the prices of all malt sauld commounlie in this Realme It is deuisit statute and ordanit be my Lord Gouernour with auise of the thre Estatis of Parliament That because of the greit derth of fewall presentlie occurrand euerie malt man sall haue of euerie boll of malt maid be him for his laubouris and fewall . iiij . s . of ilk boll of malt mair nor the boll of beir is commounlie sauld to the effect that our Souerane Lady my Lord Gouernour and liegis of this Realme may be honestlie and substantiouslie seruit as accordis vpone the prices foirsaidis And the said act and ordinance for the space of ane +geir to indure

ITEM Forsamekill as the Quenis grace my Lord Gouernour and thre Estatis of Parliament hauand respect to the greit and heuy oppressioun done to the liegis of this Realme and speciallie be ferryaris of Kinghorne Quenis Ferry and Dundie in taking of thair fraucht fra thame and that the Quenis lieg~ notwithsta~ding the wechtie chargeis and expensis debursit to sic ferryaris ar not seruit as appertenis to be done and for remedie heirof in respect of the derth of viuers dispensis with the act maid heirupone of befoir for ane +geir It is statute and ordanit that na maner of persoun awnar of ony boitis at the ferryis foirsaid tak vpone hand to tak ony fraucht fra ony of our Souerane Ladyis liegis for their portage bot as efter followis that is to say gif ony persoun wald haue ane boit be him self at the ferrie of Kinghorne that he tak for his fraucht and portage . x . s . And quhair company conuenis at the said ferrie the hors and man to pay for thair portage . xij . d~ . and the man or woman be him self but hors to pay for thair portage . vj . d~ . And at the ferryis of the Quenis ferrie and Dundie gif ane man desyris ane boit be himself to pay for his portage . iiij . s . And euer ilk man and hors . viij . d~ . And ilk man or woman be thame self . iiij . d~ . vnder the pane of deid and confiscatioun of all thair gudis with certificatioun to thame and thay do the contrare that thay salbe callit to particular diettis and Justice courtis and salbe punist thairfoir with all rigour as brekaris of the actis of Parliament ITEM Forsamekill as the derth of scheip cuningis and wylde meit daylie incressis & that throw the slauchter of the +goung Lambis Lapronis and +goung poutis of pertrik or wylde foule and to eschew sic derth in tyme cumming It is deuisit statute and ordanit be my Lord Gouernour with auise of the thre Estatis of Parliament That na maner of persoun or persounis tak vpone hand to by ony Lambis to slay and bring to mercat to be sauld and that na Lambis be slane be quhatsumeuer persounis except in Nobillis and greit Barronis housis to thair meit for the space of thre +geiris and vnder the pane of confiscatioun of all sic persounis gud~ and punissi~g of his persoun at my Lord Gouernouris will And that na maner of persoun tak vpone hand to slay ony Lapronis or +goung poutis except gentilmen and vthers Nobillis with halkis or by the samin in mercat or vtherwayis during the said space vnder the pane foirsaid ITEM Forsamekill as thair hes bene diuers and sindrie actis maid of befoir and speciallie be King James the Fyft of gude mynde quhome God assol+gie for stanching of beggaris Notwithstanding in default of dew executioun of the said act the beggaris daylie and continuallie multipleis and resortis in all placis quhair my Lord Gouernour and vthers Nobillis conuenis Swa that nane of thame may pas throw the

streittis for raming and crying vpone thame contrare the tenour of the saidis actis for eschewin of the quhilk It is deuisit statute and ordanit be my Lord Gouernour with auise of the thre Estatis of Parliament that the said act maid thairupone of befoir be put to dew executioun in all punctis efter the forme and tenour of the samin and that letters be direct to mak publicatioun be oppin proclamatioun at the mercat croces of all Burrowis of this Realme chargeing all officiaris contenit in the said act to do the samin betuix this and the last day of Marche nixt tocum conforme to the said act and vnder the panis contenit in the samin of the quhilk the tenour followis Item for refraning of the multitude of maisterfull and strang beggaris It is ordanit that the act maid thairupone of befoir be King James the First appreuit and ratifeit be vthers our Souerane Lord~ predecessour~ be obseruit & keipit and put to scharp executiou~ in all punctis with this additioun That na beggarris be tholit to beg in ane parochin that ar borne in ane vther and that the heidismen of ilk parochin mak takinnis and gif to the beggaris thairof and thay to be sustenit within the bou~dis of that parochin and that nane vthers be seruit with almus within that parochin bot thay that beiris that takin allanerlie vnder the panis co~tenit in the said act And that the Justice Clerk mak inquisitioun and tak dictay heirupone at euerie Justice Air and ordanis letters to be direct to command and charge the Prouest and Baillies of Edinburgh and al vthers Prouestis Baillies of Burrowis Schireffis and vthers Officiaris of the Kingis to put this act to executioun in all punctis and that the samin be publist at all placis neidfull swa that na man sall pretend Ignorance or allege he knew not the samin in tyme tocum ITEM It is statute and ordanit be my Lord Gouernour with auise of the thre Estatis of Parliament that the actis and statutis maid of befoir aganis fals Notaris and witnes corruptaris and seducearis of thame in writ temporall or spirituall courtis to be obseruit and keipit in all punctis and ratifeis and appreuis the samin of new with this additioun That all sic persounis salbe punist in thair persounis and gudis with all rigour videlicet prescriptioun banissing and dismembring of hand or toung and vthers panis prouydit be the dispositioun of the commoun Law baith Canoun Ciuile and statutis of the Realme And this act to be extendit to all maner of euidentis actis # obligatiounis acquittancis or vther wryttingis quhatsumeuer and the makaris fein+gearis vsaris seducearis corruptaris and falsaris thairof alsweill as to fals Instrumentis ITEM Forsamekill as my Lord Gouernour and thre Estatis of Parliament regardand the exhorbitant prices that euerie craftisman within Burgh rasis vpone our Souerane Ladyis liegis in all sic thingis as

pertenis to thair craft swa that the prices ar dowblit and triblit be mony of thame to the greit hurt of the saidis liegis quhilk is considderit to be of practick be the Dekinnis of euerie craft and the fault thairof is alway in the Prouest and Baillies of euerie Burgh that ouerseis the saidis Dekinnis craftismen and correctis thame not conforme to the act of Parliament Thairfoir it is statute and ordanit that all Prouestis and Baillies of fre Burrowis with all diligence conuene the saidis Dekinnis and craftismen afoir thame and thair on euerie thing pertening to craftismen to statute and ordane ressonabill prices effeirand to thair craft & that the samin be put in writ and producit afoir the Lordis of the articlis in the nixt Parliament to be haldin the thrid day of Aprill nixt tocum to be considderit be thame gif thay be ressonabill and gif swa be to be authorisit and gif thay be vnressonabill to be reformit And siclyke that effeirand to the prices of victuallis that the saidis Prouest and Baillies cause the hostillaris to tak ane ressonabill price for ane manis dennar and suppar that thay may hald thair awin and the Quenis liegis be not sa greuit and hurt throw the greit prices takin far abone all custume and vse as hes bene in this Realme afoir thir dayis and as beis statute heirupone in Burgh that the samin be deliuerit to the Schiref of the Schire to gar the saidis prices be keipit to landwart And gif ony of the saidis Dekinnis or hostillaris obeyis not the ordinance of the saidis Prouest and Baillies that thay depriue thame of thair officis and priuilege and efter thay be depriuit gif thay mell farther thair with to be callit to vnderly the Law to particular diettis afoir the greit Justice as for # contempning and breking of the actis of Parliament and to be punist in thair persounis and gudis with all rigour ITEM Because the act concerning Notaris maid be the Kingis grace King James the Fyft quhome God assol+gie hes not hiddertillis bene put to dew executioun Thairfoir it is thocht expedient be my Lord Gouernour and thre Estatis of Parliament that the said act be put to executioun in all punctis efter the forme and tenour of the samin betuix this and the last day of Marche nixt tocum with this additioun following That is to say that euerie Schiref within the boundis of his office betuix this and the said day bring or send all Notaris temporall men and the Ordinaris to bring or send all spirituall Notaris to the Burgh of Edinburgh and thair present thame to the Lordis of counsall to be examinat be thame gif thay be habill worthie and qualifeit for the said office of Notarie and thair to be admittit be thame thairto suspendand fra the said last day of Marche furth all Notaris vnto the tyme of thair admissioun foirsaid with certificatioun to thame that vsis the office of Notarie fra the said day furth befoir thay be admittit in maner foirsaid That thair Instrumentis sall haue na faith and thame selfis sall be punist as falsaris of the Law

ITEM It is statute and ordanit that the act maid of befoir for slaying of Hairis in forbodin tyme be obseruit & keipit in all punctis efter the tenour thairof ITEM It is statute & ordanit be my Lord Gouernour with auise of +te thre Estatis of Parliame~t +t=t= the act maid be King James the thrid & ratifeit be our Souerane Lord of gude mynde quhome God assol+gie aganis thame that slayis Dais or Rais thair calfis or kiddis be put to executioun in all punctis efter the forme and tenour of the samin ITEM It is statute and ordanit that the act and ordinance maid befoir in counsall anentis the eschewing of derth and the ordouring of euerie mannis hous in his coursis and discheis of meit be obseruit and keipit in all punctis efter the forme and tenour thairof and vnder the panis contenit in the samin of the quhilk the tenour followis The quhilk day forsamekill as the Quenis grace my Lord Gouernour and Lordis of secreit counsall hauand respect to the greit and exhorbitant derth ryssin in this Realme of victuallis and vther stuffe for the sustentatioun of mankynde and dailie encressand and vnderstandand that the occasioun thairof is because of the superfluous cheir vsit commounlie in this Realme alsweill amangis small as greit men to the greit hurt of commoun weill of the samin and dampnage to the bodie quhilk makis ane man vnhabill to exerce all leifull and gude warkis necessare And for remeid heirof and stanching of sic derth and exhorbitant prices foirsaidis It is deuisit and ordanit that na Archibishop Bischop nor Erlis haue at his meis bot . viij . discheis of meit nor na Abbot Lord Priour nor Deine haue at his meis bot . vj . discheis of meit nor na Barrone nor frehalder haue bot four discheis of meit at his meis nor na Burges nor vther substantious man spirituall nor temporall sall haue at his meis bot . iij . discheis and bot ane kynde of meit in euerie dische And for obseruing and keiping of this act and ordinance foirsaid it is deuisit and ordanit that quhatsumeuer Archibischop Bischop or Erle beis fundin brekand the samin that he sall content and pay to my Lord Gouernour and the autoritie at euerie tyme he fail+geis ane hundreth pund for euerie fail+gie And gif ony Lord Abbot Priour of Deine fail+gies and brekis the said act he sall content and pay for euerie fail+gie ane hundreth markis and gif ony Barrone or frehalder fail+gie he sall pay at euerie tyme and fail+gie . xl . pund And gif ony Burges or vther substantious man spirituall or temporall fail+gies he sall pay at euerie tyme and fail+gie . xx . markis in maner foirsaid And gif ony vther small persoun or persounis wald presume to brek this present act and ordinance or do in the contrare thairof he salbe takin and punist in his persoun and gudis at my Lord Gouernouris will for thair contemptioun And quhatsumeuer vther persoun or persounis of quhatsumeuer estate degre or conditioun

that euer thay be of that fail+gies and brekis this act and ordinance that he salbe repute and haldin as ane man geuin to his voluptuositie and contempnar of the autoritie and not to the commoun weill and howbeit that ony man of greiter Estate nor ane Bruges cum in Burgh to ony Burges ludgeing It sall not be lesum to the said Burges to mak ony maa discheis bot effeirand to the Estate of the maister awnar of the said ludgeing without that the Lord Barrone or strangear mak his awin prouisioun and tabill alwayis within the ordinance foirsaid Prouyding alwayis that this present act and ordinance stryke not vpone +Gule and Pasche patroun dayis mariageis nor bankettis to be maid to strangearis of vther Realmes and the said bankettis to be maid allanerlie be Archibischoppis Bischoppis Erlis Lordis Abbotis Priouris Deinis Barronis Prouestis and Baillies of Burrowis And in lykewyse prouyding that na Scottisman mak banket to ony vther Scottisman bot in maner foirsaid And for the mair sure keiping of the said act and ordinance Ordanis that the Schiref of the Schire and thair Deputis Prouestis Aldermen and Baillies of Burrowis ilk ane within his awin boundis and iurisdictioun to tak inquisitioun of the brekaris of the samin and roll thair namis and deliuer the samin to my Lord Thesaurar to the effect that the persounis brekaris and contempnaris of the said act may be callit to Justice Airis or particular diettis as my Lord Gouernour and counsall sall think maist expedient and punist in maner foirsaid ITEM It is statute and ordanit that the actis maid of befoir anentis paking and peling be our Souerane Lord quhome God assol+gie and his progenitouris be obseruit and keipit in all punctis efter the forme and tenour thairof ITEM It is statute and ordanit be my Lord Gouernour with auise of the thre Estatis of Parliament that the actis and statutis maid of befoir aganis regrataris and foirstallaris of mercatis be obseruit and keipit in all punctis efter the forme and tenour of the samin and vnder the panis contenit thairintill ITEM It is statute and ordanit be my Lord Gouernour with auise of the thre Estatis of Parliament That all actis and Statutis maid be our Souerane Lord and his predecessouris anentis the hauing of quhite fische furth of the Realme be obseruit and keipit in all punctis efter the forme and tenour thairof ITEM Forsamekill as thair is diuers Prentaris in this Realme that daylie and continuallie prentis bukis concerning the faith ballattis sangis blasphematiounis rymes alsweill of Kirkmen as temporall and vthers

Tragedeis alsweill in latine as in Inglis toung not sene vewit and considderit be the superiouris as appertenis to the defamatioun & sclander of the liegis of this Realme and to put ordour to sic inconuenientis It is deuisit statute and ordanit be my Lord Gouernour with auise of the thre Estatis of Parliament That na Prentar presume attempt or tak vpone hand to prent ony bukis ballattis sangis blasphematiounis rymes or Tragedeis outher in latine or Inglis toung in ony tymes tocum vnto the tyme the samin be sene vewit and examit be sum wyse and discreit persounis depute thairto be the Ordinaris quhatsumeuer And thairefter ane licence had and obtenit fra our Souerane Lady & my Lord Gouernour for Imprenting of sic bukis vnder the pane of confiscatioun of all the Prentaris gudis and banissing him of the Realme for euer THE quhilk day It was put in remembrance to my Lord Gouernouris grace & thre Estatis being present in Parliament how that Monsieure Dosel the maist Christin Kingis Lieutennent and Ambaxatour was haistelie to depart of this Realme to his maister and that his gude seruice done in thir partis baith in tyme of peax and weir sould be writtin to the said maist Christin King not allanerlie thankand his grace of the samin bot alswa suppleand to thank and reward the said Monsieure Dosell And thairfoir it was concludit be the thre Estatis that my Lord Secretar sould mak letters in our Souerane Ladyis name my Lord Gouernouris and thairis to the said maist Christin King in ampill and effectuous maner to the effect foirsaid ITEM The thre Estatis of Parliament hes ratifeit and appreuit the contract maid betuix my Lord Gouernouris grace and Schir James Hammiltoun of Craufurde Johne Knycht quhilk is Registrate in the bukis of counsall in all punctis and ordanis the samin to haue the strenth of ane act of Parliament THE quhilk day the thre Estatis of Parliament hes ratifeit and appreuit and be the tenour heirof ratifeis and appreuis the act maid betuix the Quenis grace mother to our Souerane lady on that ane part & my Lord Gouernouris grace on that vther part of the dait at Striuiling the . xviij . day of Nouember the +geir of God ane thousand fyue hundreth . xliiij . +geiris in all punctis and articlis quhairof the tenour followis AT Striuiling the . xviij . day of Nouember the +geir of God ane thousand fyue hundreth . xliiij . +geiris The quhilk day my Lord Gouernour the Quenis grace and haill counsall hes dischargeit cassit and annullit dischargeis cassis and annullis all actis and ordinancis maid of befoir at quhatsumeuer conuentiounis at Striuiling of quhatsumeuer vther place suspendand my Lord Gouernour fra administratioun

of his office of gouernament and tutorie and decernis the samin to haue bene fra the beginning and to be in all tymes cumming of nane auale force nor effect togidder with the pretendit summoundis rasit aganis my Lord Gouernour for depriuatioun of him fra his office of gouername~t and tutorie and dischargeis the samin for now and euer Attour my Lord Gouernour with auise of the Quenis grace and counsall Hes declairit and declairis that the Nobill men and all vther persounis that was at the making of the saidis actis ordinancis and summou~dis or hes bene with hir grace sensyne in counsall or vtherwayis aganis my Lord Gouernour and his autoritie he committit na fault nor cryme and thairfoir my Lord Gouernour and counsall foirsaid dischargeis thame thairof for now and euer and that thay neuer sall be callit nor accusit thairfoir nor incur ony dampnage skaith or hurt in thair persounis landis beneficis and gudis and gif his grace hes consauit ony displesure or rancour aganis ony maner of persoun or persounis for the causis foirsaidis he remittis the samin hartfullie and forther ordanis ane declaratioun heirof to be maid in Parliament AT EDINBURGH the elleuint day of September the +geir of God ane thousand fyue hundreth and . ij . +geir~ In presence of the Lordis of counsall compeirit ane maist Reuerend Father in God Johne Archibischop of Sanctandros Commendatour of the Abbay of Paslay &c~ for him self and the remane~t of the clergy of this Realme on that ane part And the Prouest and Baillies of the Burgh of Edinburgh on that vther part and gaif in thir articlis vnderwrittin subscriuit be the hand of Maister Johne Lauder Archidene of Tewiotdale Notar publique and desyrit the samin to be insert in the bukis of counsall & the saidis Lordis to interpone thair authoritie to the samin The quhilk desyre the saidis Lord~ thocht ressonabill and ordanit the saidis articlis to be Registrate in the saidis bukis of counsall and to haue the strenth of ane act and decreit of the Lordis thairof and hes interponit and interponis thair autoritie to the samin And decernis and ordanis letters executorialis to be geuin heirupone for dew executioun of the saidis articlis and euerie punct thairof as efferis Quhairof the tenour followis [}OF THE ARTICLIS AND FUNDAMENTIS TO BE AUISIT VPONE TWICHING THE BRING LANDIS AND TENEMENTIS WITHIN THE BURGH OF EDINBURGH AND VTHERS BURGHIS AND TOWNIS WITHIN THE REALME OF SCOTLAND BRINT BE THE AULD INIMEIS OF INGLAND}] ITEM The first article quhair the Chaplane be the sycht of the masoun wricht and maister of wark and vthers discreit men sworne thairto will contribute and pay the part of the expensis for the rait of thair

annuall and +te maill of the hous as it payis presentlie that thay sall haue thair haill annuell efter the bigging of the hous ITEM The ground annuall appeiris ay to be payit quha euer big the ground and fail+geing thairof that the annuellar may recognosce the ground ITEM In all vther annuellis to auise gif the awnaris lattis the ground to be vnbiggit quhat salbe the Chaplanis part gif he may recognosce the samin or not or compel the awnar to big the samin And gif he may do nouther gif he may call for warrandice efter the forme of his fundatioun ITEM Gif samekill restis vnbrint of the haill tenement that aw the annuell as will pay the samin gif the annuell may be craifit compleitlie ITEM To auise gif the Chaplane hes the annuell vnder reuersioun and contributis with the biggar conforme to the first article to considder how lang thairefter the annuell salbe vnredimabill or samekill as is contribute to be eikit in the reuersioun ITEM Quhair the Chaplane was Laird of the tenement and the samin haillelie brint and the patrone requyrit to big the samin refusis and will not and may not siclyke the Chaplane may not quhether it salbe lesum to the Chaplane to set the samin tenement in few and requyre the patrone for his consent and gif he refusis gif he may be compellit thairto or gif the Chaplane may set the samin by his auise and consent or not ITEM Quhair the haill tenement efter it be biggit be set in few within the auale thairof for the vphald of the samin and beis brint gif the fewar may be compellit to big the samin vpone his awin expensis or not and quhat salbe the Chaplanis part in that caice &c~ ITEM Gif the coniunctfear or lyferentar of tenementis quhilkis payis annuell to the kirk and is brint as said is gif they may be compellit be the Chaplane & airis of the said tenement to concur and big the samin for thair interes and gif thay be disassentand thairto quhat salbe lesum to the air and Chaplane to do in that behalf

HEIR FOLLOWIS the prouisioun ordinance and conclusioun maid to the articlis abone expremit and to be in all tymes cumming obseruit and keipit anentis all annuellis of the brint landis and tenementis be the auld Inimeis of Ingland within the Burgh of Edinburgh and vthers burghis and townis within the Realme of Scotland awand alsweill to spirituall men as temporall men concordit and aggreit vpone betuix the Lordis of the articlis of Parliament and the Prouest and Baillies and counsall of the said Burgh of Edinburgh for thame and the remanent Burghis and townis of this Realme to haue the strenth of actis statutis and ordinancis of Parliament in all tyme tocum The quhilk conclusioun my Lord Gouernour and the thre Estatis of Parliament vpone the first day of Februar the +geir of God 1551 +geir ratifeit and appreuit ITEM In the first anent the first article geuin in be the annuellaris of the Burgh of Edinburgh and vthers Burghis within this Realme It is concordit statute and ordanit that gif the annuellar be the Jugement or sycht of the masoun wrycht and maister of wark craftismen in the reparrelling of the tenement quhilk is astrictit to the annuell and vthers discreit men sworne thairto will contribute and pay the part of expensis according to the rait of the annuell and the male of the housis quhilkis it geuis now presentlie that the samin annuellar~ quhatsumeuer thay be spirituall or temporall sall haue the haill annuell of the nixt terme immediatlie following the bigging and reparing of the tenement or hous and salbe fre to poynde and distren+gie fra that tyme alsweill for the bygane as tocum call and recognosce thairfoir according to Justice Prouyding alwayis that gif ony questionn or pley sall happin to ryse anent the expensis of the bigging betuix the annuellar and the heretour the samin salbe decydit and discussit befoir the Lordis of our Souerane Ladyis fate of Justice vpone ane simpill supplicatioun but outher diet or tabill ITEM Anent the secund and seuint articlis quhilkis ar coincident It is statute and ordinat that quhether the annuell be redemabill or vnredemabill the annuellar hauand the ground annuell vpone ony brint land quhilk is or beis reparellit be the awnar thairof that makis na contributioun to the bigging of the samin sall want the saxt part of the annuell the few annuellaris sall in lykewise want the fyft part of thair annuellis the tope annuellaris sall in lykewyse want the fourt part of thairis and the awnar of the brint land quha hes biggit and reparrellit the samin sall not be haldin to pay mair of the saidis annuellis respectiue

than cummis to the residew thairof the saidis saxt fyft and fourt partis respectiue being defasit Prouyding alwayis that it salbe lesum to the annuellaris notwithstanding the defaisance maid presentlie gif thay pleis to by in agane and redeme fra the said awnar of the samin land samekill of the said annuell as thay sall happin to want be particular redemptioun as the saidis annuellaris may cum to and it war neuir sa lytill payand proportionablie for ilk merk geuin downe to the proportioun and rate thairfoir the sowme of ten pundis Scottis money but ony langar proces allanerlie the awnar being requyrit to ressaif his money salbe sufficient warning and the annuellar to be answerit fra the nixt terme of samekill as he payis money for as effeiris reallie and with effect the awnar being requyrit and refusand And in that caice the money to be deponit in the Prouest and Baillies handis of the towne gif thay be baith temporall Bot gif thay be spirituall and temporall or baith spirituall in the Officiallis handis of Loutheane being for the tyme and thair to remane to his vtilitie and proffeit that sould haue the samin and defaysance of payment in maner foirsaid to be maid continuallie fra the bigging of the tenementis astrictit to the annuellis ITEM Anent the thrid article It is ordanit that gif the awnaris of the brint landis and tenementis tholis the samin to ly vnbiggit twa +geiris efter the dait of thir presentis It salbe lesum to the annuellaris to persew thair annuellis respectiue conforme to the nature and rate of euerie annuell as is abone expremit Or to recognosce the tenement for non payment of the samin the saidis twa +geiris being furthrunning and to vse thair proces for non payment thairof as accordis of the Law and practik of this Realme ITEM Anent the fourt article It is ordanit that quhat kynde of annuell that euer it be the samin lyand vpone the haill tenement gif samekill restis vnbrint of the haill as will pay the samin annuell the awnar hauand by the annuell twyse als mekill as the annuell extendis to of +geirlie proffeit the haill annuell salbe payit Vtherwayis it salbe proportionabill effeirand to the thrid penny of the +geirlie auale of the tenement that standis and quhair the laif beis biggit to haue siclyke interpretatioun conforme to thir present articlis ITEM Anent the fift article it is deuisit and concludit that in caice the annuellar contribute with the awnar of the brint tenement to the reparatioun thairof conforme to the first article of the samin the annuellar sall haue the reuersioun augmentit to the quantitie extending to the thrid part of the sowme vpone the quhilk the annuell is wodset Swa that quhill the principall sowme and half samekill with it be payit the annuell to be vnredemabill That is to say in caice

the annuell ly vpone twa hundreth merkis it is not to be redemit quhill thre hundreth merkis be payit in caice foirsaid ITEM Anent the saxt article It is prouydit and concludit that gif ony Chaplane be haill Laird of the brint tenement vnit to his Chaplanrie as patrimonie thairof and the patrone of the Chaplanrie being requyrit to big the samin and outher will not or els may not and in lykewyse the Chaplane is not of puissance to do the samin It salbe lesum for policie and eschewing of deformitie of the towne to set the samin in few to the vtilitie and proffeit of his Chaplanrie to ony that will offer maist thairfoir without the patronis consent gif he refusis to gif his consent Prouyding alwayis that the patrone be first requyrit to tak the samin in few him self and he to be in that caice preferrit to ony vther geuand als mekill to the Chaplane thairfoir to the euident vtilitie of the Chaplanrie as ony vther will without collusioun and the patrone refusand the Chaplane to be fre to do thairwith as is abone writtin ITEM As to the seuint article It is answerit and concludit as is contenit in the response and conclusioun maid to the secund article abone writtin because thay war coincident togidder ITEM As to the aucht article It is statute and ordanit that gif thair beis ony coniunctfear of lyferentar of ony brint land considderatioun being tane and had be the Prouest and Baillies of the Burgh quhat fre male the samin payit befoir the birning It salbe lesum to the proprietar of the land to big the samin gif he plesis payand the said coniunctfear or lyfrentar during thair lyfetyme the thrid part of the fre male the quhilk the said land payit befoir the birning Bot gif the coniunctfear or lyferentar pleis to big the samin thay to be preferrit to the proprietar and to bruke the samin during thair lyfe And thairfoir sall the proprietar and land baith be bundin and oblist to thame for to refound the thrid part of the money quhilkis thay deburse in bigging of the saidis tenementis in necessare and proffitabill expensis to be furth cummand to be gevin to thame the tyme of thair deceis and thairefter to thair executouris and assignayis the land being alsweill biggit as of befoir and nychbourlyke

[} (\APUD EDINBURGH, XX DIE JUNII, A. D. M,D,LV.\) }] [^A PASSAGE IN LATIN OMITTED^] INPRIMIS It is statute and ordanit be the Quenis grace Dowriar and Regent with auise of the thre Estatis of Parliament that the fredome of halie Kirk and immuniteis and priuilegeis of the samin be obseruit keipit and defendit be our Souerane Lady with all liberteis in honour and worschip thairof siclyke and als frelie as thay haue bene in tymes of hir maist Nobill progenitouris Kingis of Scotland and the brekaris and offendaris thairof to be punist with all rigour ITEM In lykewyse it is statute and ordanit that all reuersiounis to be maid in tyme tocum and all bandis and obligatiounis for making seiling and deliuering of reuersiounis be maid vnder the seill and subscriptioun of the promittar and geuar thairof And gif the partie can not subscriue to subscriue the samin with his hand led at the pen be ane Notar And gif ony Instrument or vther kynde of wrytting be maid for geuing of reuersiounis or beirand and contenand reuersioun That wrytting or Instrument sall mak na faith bot gif it be insert with consent of the parteis in Jugement in the bukis of sum ordinar Juge Except gif it happinnis within Burgh that the tyme of resignatioun of landis in the Baillies handis the Clerk of the Burgh Notar to the sesing geuing be the said resignatioun be requyrit than instantlie of Instrument in his handis of the reuersioun befoir the samin witnes requyrit in the Instrument of sesing and gifis his Instrument thairupone Quhilk sall mak faith as sufficient reuersioun And als that all dischargeis of reuersiounis in all tymes to cum be seilit and subscriuit in maner abone writtin And gif the partie can not subscriue to subscriue the samin with his hand at the pen led be ane autentik Notar and seilit with his seill as is abone writtin ITEM In lykewyse It is statute and ordanit that gif ony persoun~ hauand rycht be reuersioun to redeme land~ or vther possessiounis makis or causis mak lauchfull warning to all parteis fra quhome the saidis

landis or vther possessiounis aucht and sould be redemit to compeir at ane certane day in the place nemmit in the said reuersioun for ressaifing of the sowmes of money and takkis gif ony be specifeit thairin and at the day warnit fulfilling all thingis as accordis conforme to the reuersioun for his part gif the parteis warnit as said is compeiris and refusis to grant the saidis landis or possessiounis lauchfullie redemit or absentis thame selfis gif thair be na takkis to rin efter the redemptioun of the landis or possessiounis or the takkis being run out the haifar of the rycht to the reuersioun causand lauchfull warning to be maid to the parteis foirsaidis and all vthers occupyaris befoir ony witsonday terme efter the redemptioun to flit and remoue fra the saidis landis and possessiounis the redemptioun in maner abone specifeit being fundin lauchfull and the landis be vertew thairof decernit lauchfullie redemit In that caice the parteis quha sould haue grantit the redemptioun of the saidis landis refusit and absentit salbe callit as violent possessouris thairof fra the terme of witsonday befoir the quhilk lauchfull warning was maid to remoue as said is siclyke as the landis and possessiounis had bene grantit lauchfullie redemit the day of the redemptioun ITEM It is statute and ordanit that gif ony persoun or persounis slayis ane vther the persoun being chargeit to find souertie within sax dayis and findis not the samin or souertie being fundin compeiris not at the day and swa he put to the horne and ony tyme thairefter within +geir and day he offeris of new to vnderly the Law and to find souertie thairupone the panis salbe dowblit souertie being fundin and he relaxit And gif he compeiris not at that day and of new beis denuncit Rebell his relaxatioun maid and geuin be vertew of the last souertie fundin sall na wyse help him anent the tinsall of the lyferent of his landis bot he sall tyne the samin as he had not bene relaxit fra the first horning And this to be extendit to all relaxatiounis maid within +geir and day efter the first horning and to art and part of the slauchter with the panis ay dowblit And attour all alienatioun contract obligatioun and vthers thingis quhatsumeuer that salbe done be him to be null and of nane auale in the self without ony proces of reductioun during the tyme of his relaxatioun vpone his souerteis fundin efter the first horning Swa that he compeir not at the day and entre to the quhilk he findis souerties siclyke as and he had annalyit contractit oblist or done vther thingis beand Rebell and at the horne And this act to be extendit in the fauoris of vthers superiouris alsweill as vnto the Quenis grace And gif it happinnis ony persoun or persounis committaris of slauchters for non finding of souerteis or souertie being fundin for non comperance beis denuncit Rebellis and put to the horne and thairefter passis to gyrth and offeris to find souertie to abyde the Law for the forthocht fellony

in that caice souertie being fundin and thay compeirand at the day and acquit of the forthocht fellony to be restorit agane to the gyrth and the act foirsaid to haue na place aganis thame bot vpone the secund horning ITEM It is statute and ordanit that gif ony persoun or persounis beis summound and warnit lauchfullie aucht dayis befoir thair departing furth of the Realme and passis furth of the samin thairefter (\Nisi reipublice causa\) the partie persewar sall haue proces vpone his first summounding be continuatiounis in siclyke maner as and his partie had not past of the Realme be warni~gis on . xv . dayis langar or schortar as the persewar sall desyre makand warning at the dwelling place of the defendar gif he ony hes And fail+geing that he haue na dwelling place nor hes not constitute procuratouris to be warnit at the mercat croce of the heid Burgh of the Schire quhair he had maist resort befoir his departing And this act to haue place in ciuile actiounis allanerlie bot not aganis witnes ITEM It is statute and ordanit that ony persoun summound to compeir befoir the Justice his Deputis or vthers Jugeis within this Realme hauand powar of Justiciarie in criminall causis the copie of the saidis letters or precept quhairby he is summound salbe deliuerit to him gif he can be personallie apprehendit and fail+geing thairof salbe deliuerit to his wyfe or seruandis or affixt vpone the +get of his dwelling place gif he ony hes and thairefter oppin proclamatioun being maid at the heid Burgh of the Schire ane vther copie to be affixt vpone the mercat croce Prouyding alwayis that gif thair be maa persounis nor twa contenit in the letter being all callit vpone ane deid and cryme in that caice twa copyis to be deliuerit to twa of the principall nemmit in the saidis letters or than geuin to thair wyfis seruandis or affixt vpone thair +gettis or dwelling placis gif thay ony haue and ane copie left and affixt vpone the mercat croce quhair the publicatioun is maid to be sufficient to the haill persounis quhatsumeuer thay be contenit in the saidis letters ITEM Forsamekill as in vmquhile our Souerane Lordis tyme that last deceissit It was statute and ordanit that all sesingis quhilkis passis vpone preceptis of the Chancellarie to be geuin be the Schiref Clerk or his Deputis Sen the quhilk act thair is be occasioun of weir and greit troublis diuers sesingis geuin be vthers Notaris vpone preceptis past furth of the said Chancellarie Thairfoir the thre Estatis of Parliament dispensis with that fault of all sesingis geuin be vthers Notaris sen the making of the foirsaid act and ordanis the said act to be publist and haue effect in tyme cumming with this additioun That vpone

all preceptis past furth of the Chancellarie the Schiref Stewart or Baillie alsweill the Regalitie as Rialtie or vther Deputis salbe requyrit to pas to gif sesing with the Schiref Clerk and his Deputis And gif the Stewart Baillie or thair Deputis refusis to pas and gif sesing than the partie haifar of that precept to put ony vther Baillie to gif sesing as he sall think maist expedient ITEM Because it is vnderstand that be the geuing of curatouris to minouris be sindrie Jugeis thair hes bene gret skaith sustenit be the saidis minouris Thairfoir it is statute and ordanit that in all tymes cumming quhen ony minor passis the +geiris of his tutorie and desyris curatouris That he cum befoir his Juge Ordinar and desyre of him ane summoundis or edict to warne twa at the leist of the maist honest and famous of the minouris kin and all vthers hauand interes quhilk salbe warnit lauchfullie That is to say the speciall persounis personallie or at thair dwelling placis geuand ane copie to thair wyfis or seruandis or affixand it on thair +gettis or duris and vthers haifand interes generallie at the mercat croce of the heid Burgh of the Schire quhair the saidis minouris hes thair landis or gudis to compeir at ane certane day vpone . ix . dayis warning at the leist to heir & see the curatouris desyrit be the said minour to be geuin to him vnto his perfite age of . xxj . +geiris and cautiou~ fundin (\de fideli administratione\) quhilkis beand geuin in maner foirsaid thay sall not be reuokit nor dischargeit nor vthers chosin to the minour vnto the tyme thay be callit befoir the Lordis of counsall or vthers Jugeis Ordinar at the will of the barne to heir and see thame dischargeit and reuokit for ressonabill causis Quhilkis being fundin of veritie thay than to be dischargeit and vthers curatouris geuin in thair placis be the ordour foirsaid with cautioun and na vtherwyse ITEM Forsamekill as thair is diuers insolent and euill geuin persounis not regardand the Law of God and constitution of halie kirk bot in hie contemptioun thairof and to the greit sclander of the Christin pepill eittis flesche in Lentrene and vthers day~ forbiddin be our halie mother the kirk and Lawis thairof Thairfoir for the repressing and punischement of the quhilk it is statute and ordanit that na persoun nor persounis contempnandlie and wilfullie without dispensatioun or requyring of licence of thair Ordinar thair Persoun Vicar or Curat eit flesche planelie or priuilie in the saidis dayis and tymes forbiddin vnder the pane of confiscatioun of all thair gudis mouabill to be applyit to our Souerane Ladyis vse and gif the eittaris hes na gudis thair persounis to be put in presoun thair to remane +geir and day and forther induring the Quenis grace will but preiudice of the spirituall punitioun conforme to the commoun Law

ITEM Because thair is diuers & sindrie reuersiounis maid and geuin for redemption and outquyting of landis beirand and contenand gold and siluer of certane speciall valour and price and the said gold and siluer is not now to be gottin quhairthrow the haifaris of sic reuersiounis hes bene oft tymes differrit fra redemptioun of thair landis Thairfoir it is deuisit statute and ordanit anent all reuersiounis beirand and contenand gold and siluer of ather of thame of certane speciall valour and price or cuin+gie that gif sic gold and siluer can not be had nor gottin within the Realme the haifaris of thay reuersiounis may redeme the landis specifeit thairin be vertew of thair saidis reuersiounis geuand gold and siluer haifand cours for the tyme beand of the samin valour wecht and fynes as the gold and siluer specifeit in the saidis # reuersiounis conforme to the commoun Law And this act to be extendit to all and quhatsumeuer reuersiounis bygane and tocum &c~ ITEM It is statute and ordanit that all resignatiounis to be maid be vassallis in tyme tocum of thair propirteis in the superiouris handis (\ad perpetuam remanentiam\) beand maid be procuratorie to the said procuratorie salbe seilit and subscriuit be the vassallis handis and gif he can not wryte to be subscriuit with his hand at the pen led be an autentik Notar and seilit as said is And gif the said resignatioun beis maid be the vassall personallie (\ad perpetuam remanentiam\) That the Instrument thairof be seilit with the seill of the resignar and subscriuit with his hand at the pen led be ane Notar in maner foirsaid and na resignatioun (\ad perpetuam remanentiam\) to haue faith in tyme tocum vtherwayis than is abone specifeit ITEM It is statute and ordanit that in all tymes cumming the warning of all tennentis and vthers to flit and remoue fra landis mylnis fischingis and possessiounis quhatsumeuer salbe vsit in maner following That is to say lauchfull warning being maid ony tyme within the +geir . xl . dayis befoir the Feist of witsonday outher personallie or at thair dwelling placis and at the ground of the landis and ane copie deliuerit to the wyfe or seruandis and fail+geing thairof to be affixit vpone the +gettis or duris of the dwelling placis of the saidis landis gif ony be and thairefter the samin precept of warning to be red in the paroche Kirk quhair the landis lyis vpone ane Sonday befoir nune the tyme of the hie Messe & ane copie left and affixit vpone the maist patent dure of the Kirk . xl . dayis befoir the terme and na forther laying furth of stressis and remowing vpone wednisday to be vsit in tyme tocum And gif the partie warnit in maner foirsaid remouis not at the terme in that caice the warnar sall incontinent or sa sone as plesis him cum to the Lordis of counsall or to the Schiref of the Schire or vthers Jugeis Ordinaris hauand iurisdictioun schawand his precept of warning

ordourlie execute and indorsat & sal haue letters or precept to charge the parteis warnit and possessouris of that ground to compeir befoir the saidis Lordis Schireffis or thair Deputis or vthers Jugeis Ordinaris foirsaidis hauand iurisdictioun vpone sax dayis warning or langar at the will and desyre of the persewar to heir and see thame decernit to remoue desist and ceis conforme to the precept of warning and executioun thairof or els to schaw ane ressonabill cause quhy thay sould not do the samin with certificatioun to thame and thay fail+gie that letters salbe direct simpliciter vpone thame in the said mater At the quhilk day gif thay compeir not the Lordis Schireffis or vthers Jugeis Ordinar hauand iurisdictioun sall decerne thame to remoue desist and ceis fra thay landis And gif thay compeir and instantlie schawis sufficient tytill to bruke the landis in that caice the samin Juge to proceid and do Justice as accordis of the Law And gif the partie compeiris and schawis na thing bot makis allegeance and offeris him to impreif the indorsingis in that caice he sall not be hard in Jugement bot gif he find sufficient cautioun to the warnar than instantlie that gif his allegeance being fundin releuant be not sufficientlie verifeit and prouin be him that the proffeittis dampnage and interes quhilkis the said warnar or ony vthers hauand interes hes sustenit or sall happin to sustene be the dilay of the foirsaid allegeance be refoundit to him And to the effect that this ordour may haue sufficient proces in all tymes tocum It is deuisit statute and ordanit that all Schireffis and vthers Jugeis Ordinar hauand iurisdiction as said is be thair selfis or thair sufficient Deputis be reddy to sit be fensit courtis all the lauchfull . xv . dayis efter immediatlie the Feist of Trinitie Sonday for doing of Justice in the saidis causis in maner abone specifeit And gif the Schireffis or Jugeis Ordinaris hauand iurisdictioun in maner foirsaid and thair Deputis fail+geis to be reddy in granting of preceptis and doing of Justice for obseruing of this ordour in that caice thay sall pay to the partie thair haill dampnage interes and expensis but preiudice of the actioun aganis the violent occupyaris and possessouris foirsaidis And als that na aduocatioun of causis be takin be the Lordis fra the Juge Ordinar except it be for deidlie feid or the Schiref principall or the Juge Ordinar be partie or the causis of the Lordis of counsall and thair Aduocattis Scribis and members ITEM Because of the odious crymes of slauchters daylie committit within this Realme and speciallie the slaying of parteis persewand and defendand thair actiounis For punischement of the quhilk the thre Estatis of Parliament hes declairit statute and ordanit abone the panis contenit in the actis of Parliament maid for slauchters of befoir That gif outher the defendar or persewar slayis vthers efter the rasing of the summoundis or precept and lauchfull executioun thairof during the tyme of the pley dependand befoir

the geuing of the decreit the committar of the slauchter gif it be the defendar salbe condempnit in the hail actioun at the instance of the nerrest of the kin of him that is slane hauand richt thairto without ony probatioun of the libell persewit except summar cognitioun to be takin of the slauchter And gif the persewar slayis the defendar in that caice the nerrest of the kin of the defendar that micht be persewit for that actioun sall haue absoluitour fra the libell of the persewar and the proces of transferring respectiue in this cause to be vpone . xxj . dayis warning without diet tabill or continuation of vther summondis And gif the slayar hes landis or lyfrentis and beis denuncit Rebell and put to the horne for the said slauchter the slayar incontinent efter the denunciatioun sall tyne his lyferent of his landis for his lyfetyme without ony forther dilay for +geir and day thairefter And gif the slayar hes na landis the Quenis grace Regent promittis to gif na respect nor remissioun in our Souerane Ladyis name to the slayar during hir tyme Prouyding alwayis that the actioun be not coft or vtherwayis purchest or maid be the persewar for cummer of partie bot be thair awin proper actioun proceidit vpone ane gude ground and foundament at the sycht and discretioun of the Lordis of counsall And this act vnto the Feist of Martymes the +geir of God ane thousand fyve hundreth . lvj . +geiris to indure allanerlie ITEM Because ane greit part of the liegis of this Realme and vthers strangearis hes thir diuers +geiris bygane caryit furth of the samin victuallis and flesche quhairthrow greit derth daylie incressis Thairfoir it is statute and ordanit now that nane of our Souerane Ladyis liegis nor strangearis in tyme cumming cary ony victuallis talloun or flesche furth of this Realme to vther partis except samekill at salbe thair necessare victualling for thair veyage vnder the pane of escheting of the said victuall or flesche to our Souerane Ladyis vse togidder with the rest of all thair gudis mouabill to be applyit and inbrocht to our Souerane Ladyis vse as escheit Prouyding alwayis that it salbe leiffull to the inhabitantis of the Burrowis of Air Iruin Glasgow Dumbertane and vthers our Souerane Ladyis liegis dwelland at the west seyis to haue bakin breid browin aill and aquauite to the Ilis to bertour with vther Merchandice And this act to be extendit to the maisters and skipparis of sic veschellis as ressaifis sic victuallis flesche and talloun as to the awnaris of the saidis gudis ITEM It is statute and ordanit that gif ony persoun or persounis being callit to vnderly the Law befoir the Justice his Deputis or vther hauand powar to sit in criminall actiounis compeirand at the day thay ar callit to quhat number that euer thay be of being all callit on ane cryme Thay sall haue allanerlie with thame at the bar sax of thair maist honest wyse substantious

freindis habill to gif counsall with thair Aduocattis to defend And the partie persewar of that cryme to haue with thame foure of thair freindis allanerlie Swa that be multitude of frendis cummand to the bar the getting of ane assyse sall not be stoppit And the brekaris of this act to be punist in this maner That is to say the Justice or vthers Jugeis foirsaidis to charge the brekaris to enter thair persounis in waird vnder the pane of Rebellioun and putting of thame to the horne and gif thay disobey to put thame to the horne And gif thay obey and enteris in waird thair to remane during the Quenis grace will ITEM It is statute and ordanit that all nulliteis be ressaifit and haue proces be way of exceptiounis or replyis and all tytillis contractis infeftmentis or vthers thingis quhatsumeuer that ar null of the Law to be declairit in tyme cumming null and of nane auale be exceptioun or reply in that samin instance thay ar producit Proudying alwayis that the partie aganis quhome the said exceptiounis or reply of nullitie is proponit haue siclyke day to call his warrand befoir the answering thairto as he mycht or sould haue had in caice he had bene callit be way of actioun to haue hard his tytill contract infeftment or vther thing producit be him declairit null of the Law ITEM Because it is thocht aganis all Law and obedience of subiectis towart thair Princis the making of particulare liggis outher in Burgh or to land and geuing and taking of bandis of manrent and mantanance respectiue Thairfoir it is statute and ordanit that all liggis maid in tymes bygane be null & of nane auale And all bandis of manrent and mantenance in lykewyse be null & of nane auale except heretabill bandis geuin of befoir or geuin for asythment of slauchters in tyme bygane And dischargeis all making of ligg~ or bandis in tyme tocu~ and that the ressaifaris & gifaris thairof in tymes bygane be fre ather of vther in tyme cu~ming & of ony proffeit be lyferent of landis takkis teindis bailliereis or +geirlie payment grantit or geuin for the saidis bandis of manrent to returne to the gifaris as the samin had neuer bene geuin For the declairing heirof the brukaris of the saidis lyferentis of landis takkis teindis bailliereis or +geirlie proffeit for bandis of manrent sall answer to the gifar thairof for the said band vpone . xxj . dayis warning but diet or tabill befoir the Lordis of counsall to heir and see the saidis lyferent of landis takkis teindis baillieries or +geirlie proffeit geuin for the saidis bandis be decernit to returne agane to him be this act Quhilkis being declairit be the saidis Lordis to returne to the gifaris Thay sall mak thair lauchfull warning . xl . dayis befoir the Feist of witsonday nixt thairefter and intromet with thair awin as accordis And quhatsumeuer

persoun or persounis that makis liggis or geuis or takis band of manrent and mantenance respectiue in ony tyme cumming thay salbe punist be putting of thair persounis in waird thair to remane during the Quenis grace will ITEM The Quenis grace Dowrear and Regent of this Realme and the thre Estatis of Parliament of the samin considdering the greit and mony falsettis daylie done within this Realme be Notaris and that our Souerane Lord King James the Fyft and in lykewyse our Souerane Lady in hir Parliament haldin at Edinburgh the first day of Februar the +geir of God ane thousand fyue hundreth . lj . +geiris maid actis for ordouring of Notaris and punischement of falsaris quhilkis as +git hes tane na dew and effecfull executioun Thairfoir it is statute and ordanit that all Notaris within this Realme baith spirituall and temporall be causit to cum be thair Ordinaris Schireffis Stewartis and Baillies respectiue to the Burgh of Edinburgh thair to compeir personallie befoir the Lordis of counsall or that the saidis Lordis direct thair letters requyring and chargeing all Notaris within this Realme to compeir befoir thame as said is bringand with thaim thair creatiounis and haill protocollis betuix this and the Feist of witsonday nixt tocum at sic dayis as salbe appointit and assignit be the saidis Lordis to be examinat and thair creatiounis viseit be thame thair protocollis producit to be markit be the saidis Lordis and the leuis numberit and the blankis markit and the said protocoll buikis not to be sene nor red bot to be markit in presence of the said Notar and deliuerit agane to him but ony inspectioun And as thay be fundin qualifeit and admittit be the saidis Lordis of counsall to vse the office of Notarie thairefter And that na Notar be quhatsumeuer power he be creat vse the office of Notarie within this Realme in tyme cumming bot gif he first present him self to the saidis Lordis schawand his creatioun and be admittit be thame as qualifeit thairto And that na Notaris that sall happin to be dischargeit be the saidis Lordis or not admittit be thame heirefter vse the office of Notarie vnder the pane efter specifeit And attour it is ordanit that all Notaris to be admittit as said is geuand Instrumentis and requyrand witnes thairto thay sall requyre the saidis witnes quhair thay dwell or tak sum vther euident takin of thame and insert the samin in thair saidis Instrumentis that the witnes may be knawin being present at that tyme Forther gif ony Notaris beis conuict of falset and not admittit be the Lordis in maner foirsaid & vse the office of Notarie thay sall be punist as followis that is to say thair haill mouabill gudis to be escheit and applyit to our Souerane Ladyis vse and thay to want thair rycht hand and to be banist the Realme for euer And forther thay salbe punist to the tinsall of thair lyfe inclusiue as the qualitie of the cause requyris be sycht and discretioun of the Juge and the causaris of thay falsattis to be

done to ressaif the samin punischement in thair persounis and gudis And because in the act maid be our Souerane Lady in hir Parliament foirsaid all Notaris war suspendit fra the last day of Marche thairefter vnto the tyme of thair admissioun be the Lordis foirsaidis it being co~sidderit that the said act tuke not as +git dew executioun Thairfoir the Quenis grace Regent with the auise of the thre Estatis dispensis and suppleis ony fault be that part of the said act in al Instrumentis geuin sensyne and all Instrumentis to be geuin vnto the Feist of witsonday nixt tocum foirsaid ITEM It is statute & ordanit that na persoun nor persounis send nor cary woll skin hydis or vther stapill gudis customabill furth of this Realme be land in the Realme of Ingland vnder the pane of escheting of the samin to be inbrocht to our Souerane Layis vse And als the brekaris of this act to be punist in thair persounis at hir grace will and gif thay gudis caryit can not be apprehendit the away takar and hauar thairof furth of the Realme as said is sall pay als mekill as the valoure of thay gudis caryit to our Souerane Lady he being conuict of the cryme and to be punist in maner abone writtin ITEM Forsamekill as be vmquhile our Souerane Ladyis maist Nobill predecessouris Kingis James the First and Feird It was statute and ordanit that all mesouris baith pynt quart fyrlot peck elnwand stane and pund to be of ane quantitie to by with and that na Burgh haue ane wecht to by with and ane vther to sell different in wecht thairfra bot that all wechtis mesuris and mettis for buying and selling to be vniuersall baith to Burgh and to land in all tymes thairefter quhilkis actis as +git hes not bene put to dew executioun Thairfoir it is statute and ordanit in this present Parliament that thir persounis vnder writtin or ony thre of thame that is to say Williame Bischop of Dumblane Robert Bischop of Orknay Maister Abraham Creichtoun Prouest of Dunglas Schir Williame Hammiltoun of Sanchar Knycht Schir Richard Maitland of Ledingtoun Knycht Maister Thomas Marioribankis of Ratho and Thomas Mein+geis Prouest of Abirdene conuene in the Burgh of Edinburgh and cause the elnwand the quart pynt fyrlot pek stane and pund be brocht to thame fra the townis of Striuiling Linlithquo Lanerk and be the samin as thay find to mak an vniuersall wecht of the stane and pund ane vniuersall mesoure of the quart pynt fyrlot peck elnwand conforme to the act maid be King James +te Feird thairupone except the watter met to remane according to the vse of the cuntrie to be direct furth to the haill liegis of this Realme with the quhilkis thay salbe haldin to by sell met mesoure wey ressaif and deliuer and be na vther met mesoure nor wecht and quha dois in the contrare heirof salbe punist for falset conforme to the Law And this ordour to be

maid be the persounis foirsaidis or ony thre of thame betuix this and the Feist of Allhallowmes nixt tocum but ony forther dilay and thairefter publicatioun to be maid in all partis of this Realme as accordis ITEM Anent the geuing of sesingis vpone preceptis that passis not furth of the Chancellarie to quhatsumeuer persoun or persounis It is statute and ordanit that the takaris of the sesing ather air vassall or subuassall within +geir and day present his sesing to the Schiref Clerk of the Schire quhair the landis lyis he to insert the samin in his court bukis at the leist the day and moneth of the geuing of the said sesing the name of the landis contenit in the samin the name of the Notar and witnes contenit thairintill and that the said Clerk bring with him in euerilk Checkar the said court buik~ and gif the dowbill in that part thairof subscriuit with his hand & signe manuall to remane in the Register togidder with the dowbill of his awin protocoll conforme to the act maid be King James the Fyft that all persounis hauand interes may haue recours thairto Prouyding alwayis that the Clerk tak na mair for the inserting of the said Instrument in this court buik bot . ij . s for his laubouris ITEM It is statute and ordanit quhair ony witnes deponis falslie or ony maner of persoun or persounis inducis thame to beir fals witnes That all sic persounis in tymes cumming be punist be peirsing of thair toungis and escheting of all thair gudis to our Souerane Ladyis vse and declairit neuer to be habill to bruke honour office or dignitie fra thine furth and forther punischeme~t to be maid in thair persounis at the sycht and discretioun of the Lordis according to the qualitie of the fault ITEM Forsamekill as be our Souerane Ladyis letters direct to the Schiref of Fyfe and his Deputis for taking of cognitioun gif the wod of Falkland was auld fail+geit and decayit in the grouth thairof and habill to faill allutterlie It was fundin be ane assyse that the said wod of Falkland for the maist part thairof was auld fail+geit and decayit and meit to be cuttit downe for the co~moun weill of the Realme and to be parkit hanit and keipit of new for police thairof Thairfoir it is statute and ordanit be the Quenis grace and the thre Estatis foirsaidis that the said wod of Falkland be cuttit and of new parkit agane keipit and hanit for rysing of +goung grouth thairof to the greit policie and weill of the samin ITEM The Quenis grace dowrear and Regent of this Realme with auise of the haill thre Estatis of Parliament vnderstanding cleirlie that the Estate of Burgessis thir mony +geiris bygane be greit trubill of weiris he sustenit infinit skaith baith in thair landis

and gudis & als that thair priuilegeis grantit to thame be our Souerane Ladyis maist Nobill progenitouris and actis of Parliame~t maid thairupone hes not bene obseruit nor keipit to thame as accordis Thairfoir the Quenis grace Regent with auise of the thre Estatis foirsaidis hes ratifeit and appreuit and ratifeis and appreuis all priuilegeis and actis of Parliament grantit and maid in fauouris of Burrowis Burgessis and Merchandis And hes statute and ordanit that letters be direct be the Lordis of counsall at the instancis of all Burrowis vpone thair priuilegeis and actis of Parliament maid thairupone in all tymes tocum for putting of the samin to dew executioun with all rigour aganis thame that dois or cummis in the contrare of thair saidis priuilegeis and actis foirsaidis without calling of ony partie ITEM Forsamekill as in vmquhile our Souerane Ladyis maist Nobill progenitouris tymes speciallie King James the First the Secund and the Thrid and als our Souerane Ladyis maist Nobill father King James the Fyft and now in hir gracis awin tyme diuers actis of Parliament hes bene maid for stanching and repressing of the slaying of wylde foulis and wylde beistis and schuting at thame with culueringis half hag and pistolate Quhilkis actis the thre Estatis of Parliament hes ordanit to be publist and put to executioun with all rigour in tymes cumming with this additioun That na man tak vpone hand to ryde or gang in thair nychtbouris cornis in halking or hunting fra the Feist of Pasche vnto the tyme that the samin be schorne And that na man ryde nor gang vpone quheit na tyme of the +geir And that na pertrik be takin vnto the Feist of Michaelmes And that na persoun range vther mennis woddis parkis haningis within dykis of browmis without licence of the awnar of the ground vnder the pane of refoundiment of the dampnage and skaith to the parteis vpone quhais cornis thay gang or rydis or quhais woddis parkis haningis within dykis or browmis thay sall happin to range And . x . pund for the first fault to our Souerane Lady . xx . pundis the nixt and the thrid fault escheting of thair gudis mouabill and all vther panis anentis the punctis contenit in our Souerane Ladyis actis and hir maist Nobill progenitouris maid of befoir to be execute with all rigour conforme to the samin ITEM Because it hes bene cleirlie vnderstand to the Quenis grace Regent and the thre Estatis that the chesing of Dekinnis and men of craft within Burgh hes bene rycht dangerous & as thay haue vsit thame selfis in tymes bygane hes causit greit troubill in Burrowis commotioun and rysing of the Quenis liegis in diuers partis and be making of liggis and bandis amangis thame selfis and betuix Burgh and Burgh quhilk deseruis greit punischeme~t Thairfoir the Quenis grace Regent with auise of the thre Estatis

foirsaidis hes statute and ordanit that thair be na Dekinnis chosin in tymes cu~ming within Burgh bot the Prouest Baillies and counsall of the Burgh to cheis the maist honest man of craft of gude conscience ane of euerie craft to visie thair craft that thay laubour sufficientlie and that the samin be sufficient stuffe and wark And thir persounis to be callit visitouris of thair craft and to be electit and chosin +geirlie at Michaelmes be the Prouest Baillies and counsall of Burgh And that thay thairefter gif thair aith in Jugement to visie leililie and trewlie thair said craft without ony powar to mak gaddering of asse~bling of thame to ony priuate conuentioun or making of ony actis or statutis bot all craftismen in tymes cumming to be vnder the Prouest Baillies and counsall And thir visitouris chosin sworne and admittit to haue voting in chesing of Officiaris & vthers thingis as the Dekinnis votit in of befoir And that na craftismen bruke office within Burgh in tymes cumming Except twa of thame maist honest and famous to be chosin +geirlie vpone the counsall And thay twa to be ane part of the auditouris +geirlie to the compt of the commoun gudis according to the actis of Parliame~t maid thairupone of befoir And quha sa euer cummis in the contrare of this act to be punist be warding of thair persounis be the space of ane +geir and tinsall of thair fredome within Burgh and neuer to be ressaifit thairefter as fre men vnto the tyme thay obtene the fauour and beneuolence of the Prouest Baillies and counsall quhair the fault is committit and the thrid part of thair gudis to be eschetit and applyit to our Souerane Ladyis vse for thair contemptioun ITEM It is statute and ordanit be the Quenis grace Dowrear and Regent with the auise of the thre Estatis of Parliament that all commoun hie gaittis that fre Burrowis hes bene in vse of precedent outher for passage fra thair Burgh or cumming thairto and in speciall all commoun hie gaittis fra fre dry Burrowis to the Portis and hauinnis nixt adiacent or procedant to thame be obseruit and keipit and that nane mak thame impediment or stop thairintill And gif ony dois to be callit and accusit for oppressioun and punischit thairfoir according to the Lawis ITEM The haill Burrowis of the west cuntrie sic as Irwin Air Dumbertane Glasgow and vther Burrowis at the west partis hes +geirlie in all tymes bygane resortit to the fisching of Loch Fyne and vthers Lochis in the north Ilis for making of hering and vthers fischeis and efter the completing of thair besynes at thair plesour partit frelie but payment of ony maner of exactioun Except the payment of the fischearis allanerlie nottheles certane cuntrie men adiacent and dwelland besyde Lochfyne hes rasit ane greit custume of euerie last of maid hering that ar tane in the said Loch of als greit valour as the Quenis grace custume Suppois the saidis Burrowis bring the

said hering for furnessing of thair awin housis and the cuntrie Quhilk custume was neuer payit of befoir Quhairthrow the saidis fre Burrowis ar heuylie hurt And for remedie heirof It is deuisit statute and ordanit that all sic custumis and exactiounis be dischargeit and not rasit nor vpliftit fra the persounis foirsaidis of ony hering or fischeis takin be thame in the Lochis foirsaidis for furnissing of thair housis bringing of the samin within this Realme allanerlie vnder the panis to be callit as oppressouris and punist thairfoir conforme to the Lawis of this Realme ITEM Forsamekill as in tyme bygane the Kirkmen and spirituall Estate of this Realme hes bene requyrit to mak payment of thair part of the taxt grantit be the Estatis of this Realme to our Souerane Ladyis predecessouris and hir hienes in hir tyme for the furth setting of the commoun weill of this Realme vnder the pane of Rebellioun and putting of thame to the horne and for non payment thairof sum of thame was denuncit Rebellis and put to the horne neuertheles the Quenis grace for mantenance of the libertie of halie Kirk and priuilegeis of the spirituall Estate with auise of the thre Estatis of Parliament hes statute and ordanit That na proces of horning pas vpon ony Kirkman for non payment of thair taxtis to be grantit in tymes cumming Prouyding alwayis that the Lordis of the spiritualitie prouyde and find sum vther sure and ressonabill maner how the samin salbe inbrocht to our Souerane Lady and hir grace payit thairof ITEM For the eschewing of the derth of scheip quhilk daylie incressis within this Realme in tyme to cum It is statute and ordanit be the Quenis grace and thre Estatis foirsaidis That na Lambis be slane within this Realme nor na maner of persounis tak vpone hand to by ony Lambis to slay and bring to mercat to be sauld for the space of thre +geiris nixt tocum vnder the pane of confiscatioun of all the persounis gudis doand in the contrare and punischement of thair persounis att the Quenis grace plesoure ITEM It is statute and ordanit that the act maid anent feryaris at the portis and passageis of this Realme be put to dew executioun in all punctis and the brekaris thairof to be punist according to the panis contenit in the samin with all rigour ITEM It is statute and ordanit that na poutis pertrik pluwer mure foule duke draik teill or goldeine be slane vnto the Feist of Michaelmes +geirlie vnder the pane of . x . pund~ to be takin and payit be the doar and brekar of this act to our Souerane Lady and applyit to hir vse And that euerie Erle Lord Barrone frehaldar and vthers gentilmen ilk ane within

thair awin bou~dis tak the brekaris of this act and hald thame vnto the tyme thay find cautioun for payment of the said soume and this act for the space of thre +geiris to indure ITEM it is statute and ordanit be the Quenis grace with auise of the thre Estatis of Parliament that the actis maid be vmquhile our Souerane Lord of gude mynde quhome God assol+gie anentis planting of woddis forrestis orchardis and parkis and the panis of destroyaris of woddis committaris of mureburne in forbodin tyme and for keiping of the forrestis to be of new publist ouer all partis of this Realme and be put to dew executioun in all punctis And the brekaris thairof to be punist according to the panis contenit thairintill ITEM Forsamekill as thair is greit fraude and hurt done vnto the liegis of this Realme be goldsmythis that makis siluer and gold of na certane fynes bot at thair plesoure quhairthrow thair is sum siluer wark maid and set furth of sic basnes of alay videlicet of sax and seuin pe~ny fyne expresse agan~ the honour & publique weill of the Realme Thairfoir it is statute and ordanit be the Quenis grace with auise of the thre Estatis of Parliament That na goldsmyth mak in wark nor set furth outher of his awin siluer or vther mennis siluer vnder the iust fynance of elleuin penny fyne vnder the pane of deid and confiscatioun of all thair gudis mouabill And that euerie goldsmyth mark the siluer wark that he makis with his awin mark and with the townis mark And gif he makis ony siluer abone the said fynes that he with his mark mak ane prent of the iust puncte of the fynes that it is that it may be kend till all men quhat fynes it is of And als that na goldsmyth mak in wark or set furth outher of his awin gold or vther mennis gold vnder the iust fynes of . xxij . carate fyne vnder the panis foirsaidis ITEM Forsamekill as it was statute and ordanit of befoir be ane act of Parliame~t maid be vmquhile our Souerane Ladyis derrest father that the Prouest Baillies and counsall of Burrowis quhen ony Schippis happinnit to arriue at ony portis ladin with wyne salt and tymmer sould conuene with the Merchandis that aw the saidis wyne salt and tymmer and by or set ane price of the samin ressonabill that na maner of man fre man nor vnfreman by ony of the saidis wynes salt or tymmer bot fra the saidis Prouest or Baillies or awnaris thairof And the prices maid be thame as said is the Prince for the tyme to be first seruit and thair Officiaris co~tentit of samekill as thay tak to the Princis vse allanerlie And all Prelatis Erlis Lordis Barronis and vthers gentilmen to be seruit of the samin prices lyke as the said act mair largelie proportis Nottheles the Nobill men sic as Prelatis Erlis Lordis Barronis and vthers gentilmen ar not

seruit according to the said act bot ar constranit to by the samin fra Merchandis vpone gretar prices incontrare the tenour of the said act Thairfoir it is statute and ordanit be the Quenis grace Regent with auise of the thre Estatis of Parliament that the prices beand maid in maner foirsaid that thay sall incontinent pas to the mercat croce of that Burgh and thair be oppin proclamatioun declair the prices of the gudis foirsaidis as thay ar maid And that nane of the gudis foirsaidis be disponit be the space of foure dayis to the effect that thay may be aduertist and seruit according to the said act ITEM It is statute and ordanit be the Quenis grace with auise of the thre Estatis of Parliament that the actis maid be King James the Thrid and Fyft anentis the steiling of Halkis Hundis Pertrikis Dukis and slauchter of Dais Rais hu~ting of Deir taking of Cuningis and soulis be of new publist and the samin be put to dew executioun and the brekaris thairof to be punist co~forme to the panis contenit thairintill And this act to be extendit alsweill vpone the steilaris of Behyuis frute treis peilaris of barkis of treis within woddis and the foularis lyand at wait with thair nettis as to the slayaris of Dais and Rais foirsaidis And the samin panis to be execute vpone thame with all rigour accordinglie ITEM It is statute and ordanit that the act maid be King James the Feird anentis the cumming of Schippis to fre Burrowis at the west seyis be publist of new and the samin to be put to executioun in all punctis efter the forme and tenour thairof and the brekaris of the samin to be punist conforme to the panis contenit thairin with this additioun That na persoun tak vpone hand to by ony Merchandice fra the saidis strangearis bot fra fremen at fre portis of the Burrowis foirsaidis vnder the pane of confiscatioun of all the gudis that thay by togidder with the rest of thair mouabill gudis to be applyit to our Souerane Ladyis vse gif thay do in the contrare ITEM It is statute and ordanit that the act of Parliament maid be King James the First and eikit be vmquhile our Souerane Lord King James the Fyft quhome God assol+gie for stanching of maisterfull beggaris be obseruit and keipit in all tyme cumming and to be of new publist at the mercat croces of euerie Schire within this Realme And that euerie Schiref Stewart Baillie alsweill Regalitie as Rialtie and thair Deputis Prouestis Aldermen and Baillies of Burrowis gar put the samin to dew executioun ilk ane of thame within the boundis of thair officis vnder the panis contenit in the saidis actis ITEM Forsamekill as diuers seditious persounis hes in tymes bypast rasit amangis the co~moun pepill murmuris

and sclanders speiking aganis the Quenis grace and sawing euill brute anent the maist Christin King of Frances subiectis send in this Realme for the commoun weill and suppressing of the auld Inimeis furth of the samin tending throw rasing of sic rumoris to steir the hartis of the subiectis to hatrent aganis the Prince & seditioun betuix the liegis of this realme & the maist Christin Kingis liegis foirsaidis And for eschewing of sic inconuenientis as mycht follow thairupone It is deuisit statute and ordanit that gif ony persounis in tymes cumming be hard speikand sic vnressonabill commoning quhairthrow the pepill may tak occasioun of sic priuie conspiracie aganis the the Prince or seditioun aganis the maist Christin kingis subiectis foirsaidis the samin being prouin salbe punist according to the qualite of the fault in thair bodyis and gudis at the Quenis grace plesoure And in caice the heirar thairof report not the samin vnto the Quenis grace or hir Officiaris to the effect that the samin may be punist as accordis that he sall incur the saidis panis quhilkis the principall speikar or rasar of sic murmuris deseruis ITEM It is statute and ordanit that in all tymes cumming na maner of persoun be chosin Robert Hude nor Lytill Johne Abbot of vnressoun Quenis of Maij nor vtherwyse nouther in Burgh nor to landwart in ony tyme tocum And gif ony Prouest Baillies counsall and communitie chesis sic ane Personage as Robert Hude Lytill Johne Abbottis of vnressoun or Quenis of Maij within Burgh the chesaris of sic sall tyne thair fredome for the space of fyue +geiris and vtherwyse salbe punist at the Quenis grace will and the acceptar of siclyke office salbe banist furth of the Realme And gif ony sic persounis sic as Robert Hude Lytill Johne Abbottis of vnressoun Quenis of Maij beis chosin outwith Burgh and vthers landwart townis the chesaris sall pay to our Souerane lady x . pundis and thair persounis put in waird thair to remane during the Quenis grace plesoure And gif ony wemen or vthers about simmer treis singand makis perturbatioun to the Quenis liegis in the passage throw Burrowis and vthers landwart townis the wemen perturbatouris for skafrie of money or vtherwyse salbe takin handellit and put vpone the Cukstulis of euerie Burgh or towne THE quhilk day in presence of the Quenis grace Marie Quene Dowariar and Regent of the Realme of Scotland and thre Estatis in this present Parliame~t compeirit Maister Henrie Lauder Aduocat to our Souerane Lady and presentit vnto hir grace and thre Estatis foirsaidis our Souerane Ladyis reuocatioun subscriuit with hir hienes hand at Fontane Bellew of the dait the . xxv . day of Aprill the +geir of god ane thousand fyue hundreth fyftie fyue +geiris and of hir Regne the threttene +geir the priue Seill hungin

thairat intimat insinuat and declairit the samin Desyrand the Quenis grace & thre Estatis abone mentionat to cause the said reuocatioun to be insert and Registrat in the buikis of Parliament and the samin to haue the strenth and effect of act of Parliame~t in all tymes tocum and thay to interpone thair authoritie in and to the samin The quhilk desyre the Quenis grace Dowariar and Regent foirsaid and thre Estatis of Parliament thocht ressonabill and hes ordanit and ordanis the said reuocatioun to be insert and Registrat in the saidis buikis of Parliament and the samin to be of als greit stre~t valour force and effect in all tymes tocum as ony reuocatioun maid be ony our Souerane Ladyis predecessouris Kingis or Quenis of this Realme in ony tymes bygane in thair les age befoir thair co~pleit perfyte age And thairupone hes interponit and interponis thair authoritie to the samin conforme to the said reuocatioun Off the quhilk the tenour followis WE MARIE be the grace of God Quene of Scottis hauing now be the thre Estatis of our Realme declarit the full administratioun and rewling thairof to be in our awin handis efter the demissioun maid be our right traist cousing James Duke of Chastellarault Erle of Arrane Lord Hammiltoun . &c . Than in our les age Tutour and Gouernour of our Realme foirsaid of his office of Tutorie and gouernament considderand that be the priuilege of the co~moun Law and als that our maist Nobill progenitouris Kingis of Scotla~d of gude mynde be thair actis and statutis maid in thair Parliamentis hes reuokit cassit and annullit all thingis done be thame in thair minoriteis and les ageis in hurt & detrime~t of thair conscience of Crowne landis rentis possessiounis and vthers thingis quhatsumeuer pertening to the samin quhairintill thay war dampnageit and skaithit be alienatiounis donatiounis presentatiounis venditiounis or be ony vthers quhatsumeuer Thairfoir we now being furth of our said Realme hauing compleit the twelft +geir of our age reuokis all maner of infeftmentis and dispositiounis quhatsumeuer we or our said cousing as our Tutour and Gouernour haue maid during the tyme that he had the Gouernament of our said Realme in our les age and all vther thingis that hes bene done in hurt and detriment of our said Crowne landis rentis possessiounis patronageis of beneficis and offices pertening to the samin and in speciall we reuoke cassis and annullis all infeftmentis donatiounis alienatiounis and dispositiounis maid be vs with auise of our said Tutour and Gouernour or be him in our name in our les age ony maner of way in fee fewferme frank tenement or lang takkis of ony landis Lordschippis custumis annuellis fischingis Borowmaillis Castell wairdis or vther thingis quhatsumeuer annexit to our Crowne or ony part thairof alsweill geuin be our said vmquhile father quhome God assol+gie as be vs to ony persou~ or persounis contrare the actis maid thairupone of befoir To be reducit to vs agane and our Crowne be vertew of the actis and statutis maid vpone annexatiounis and efter the forme of the samin Item we

reuoke all alienatiounis of ony rentis landis and heritageis annexit to principalitie and to the Prince secund persoun of the Realme maid be vs in maner foirsaid Item inlykewyse we reuoke cassis and annullis all donatiounis alienatiounis fewferme & giftis quhatsumeuer in lyferent of vtherwayis in our nonage of the landis rentis annuellis or vther reuenewis that our said vmquhile Father had in his possessioun the tyme of his deceis be gift of vtherwayis and of all officis lyke as Chalmerlanereis Bailliereis and custumareis maid for ma +geiris bot fra ane Checkar quhill the compt be maid in the nixt Checkar efter following and of takkis and assedatiounis maid for la~gar termis nor fiue +geiris Item inlykewyse we reuoke cassis and annullis all tailleis maid fra the airis in generall to airis maill of ony landis within our Realme aganis the Law and gude conscience Item we reuoke all new infeftmentis of landis geuin in blanscheferme that war haldin of vs of befoir be seruice of waird and releif Item we reuoke all Regaliteis confirmatiounis of Regaliteis & of all officis geuin be vs in heritage or be our Father aganis the actis and statutis that na Regaliteis sould be geuin in heritage without auise and deliberatioun of the haill Parliament Item we reuoke all maner of alienatiounis be infeftmentis of ony vtherwayis maid or grantit of ony heritageis in our nonage that become lauchfullie in our handis be ressone of forfaltour bastardrie or vther rycht and lyferent~ geuin thairof in our minoritie Item we reuoke all new creatioun~ of landis in Barronyis annexatiounis and vnionis of diuers landis in fee in preiudice of our dew seruice aucht to vs and our maist Nobill progenitouris of befoir And siclyke we reuoke all dischargeis of seruice of suitis of courtis aucht of auld to our progenitouris foirsaid Item we reuoke all new infeftmentis geuin of creatioun of Barronyis in landis and Lordschippis annexit to our Crowne Item we reuoke all giftis and confirmatiounis geuin be vs of quhatsumeuer landis and heretageis be fals suggestioun be expreming of fals causis quhair gif thair had bene expremit ane trew cause and the veritie we had not geuin the samin and thairthrow we ar gretumlie and enormlie hurt And generallie we reuoke cassis and annullis all and quhatsumeuer thingis done be vs in our les age foirsaid in detriment and harme of our saule and conscience hurting of the priuilege of our Crowne preiudiciall to the samin and to vs in our patrimonie thairof and all and sindrie thingis that the law & consuetude of our Realme leuis vs to reuoke And als will and declaris that this our reuocatioun extend to all thingis alsweill not specifeit as specifeit thairin quhilkis pertenit to vs and our said Crowne be deceis of our said derrest Father and to be extendit fra his deceis in all thingis foirsaidis to vs and our behuif als largelie as the reuocatioun maid be our said maist Nobill Father mycht be extendit to fra the deceis of our maist Nobill Gudschir King James the Feird to the tyme day and dait of his said reuocatioun and as the reuocatioun maid in King James the secundis

tyme mycht haue bene extendit to fra the deceis of our maist Nobill progenitour King James the First to the making thairof Declaring that albeit we of our fauour & beneuolence suffer ony persoun or persounis to vse posseid or bruke ony priuilegeis possessiounis of landis rentis and offices of of ony thing quhatsumeuer falland vnder this our reuocatioun It sall mak na rycht to the vsaris haldaris or possedaris thairof bot it salbe leiffull to vs to put our handis thairto quhen we pleis but ony contradictioun and that be vertew of this our reuocatioun actis and constitutiounis of our Realme Protestand solempnitlie that our absence furth of our said Realme at this tyme and the solempniteis requyrit in that behalf (gif ony be) not being done be na preiudice to vs anent our foirsaid reuocatioun with the quhilkis we dispens and suppleis all faultis thairof gif ony be be our Quenelie powar and authoritie Royall And that thai reuocatioun be intimat insinuat and declairit in the nixt Parliament to be haldin in our Burgh of Edinburgh within our Realme in the Moneth of Maij or Junij nixt thairefter [^EXTRACTS FROM THE RECORDS OF THE ROYAL BURGH OF STIRLING, 1519-1752. VOL. I. ED. R. RENWICK. GLASGOW 1887. PP. 1.1.-35.5^]

[} [\5 DECEMBER 1519\] }] (\Curia burgi de Striveling, tentta et affirmata in pretorio # dicti burgi per prepositum et ballivos eiusdem.\) Ane Gilbart M'Lellan hais byddin, in presens of the saidis # provest and ballies, vij s. for ane pece of land contenand xxxij paice of # lyncht and the breid as it was sene be the balyeis of befoir, and the said vij # s. to be pait as ws of uder anualis ar pait within the said burgh. [} [\16 JANUARY 1519-20\] }] Quhiet was funding saild for xviij s. the boll; malt was # funding for xx s. the boll. The provest, ballies, counssal and communite, hais granttit # thar common seill to Sir Johen Patoun, cheplan, to be appendit and to # hungin to ane proces of ane land liand in the Mary Wynd the quhilk pertenit to # wmquhill Males Williamsoun. The dekin of the talyouris gave in ane suplicacion to the # provest and balyeis desyrand to have sic prevelagis as thar craft hais in # uder bowrowis for the agmentacion to be doune be tham and causit to be doune in # haly kirk; and the saidis provest and ballies commandit tham to get the # prevalegis granttit to thar said craft in Sanct Jonis toune and tha sauld # awis with the counssale, and thaireftir as tha thocht maist expedient to gif # tham ansour.

The watter of Forcht was set to Alexander Murra for this # instant yeir for xv merkis, to be pait as ws and wount. Plegis for the # payment hus hand and gudis. It was fundin be the inquist that na persoun nor persounis # within the said burgh sall haild ony syen wtwith bald or housses, under the # pane of tilsall of the syen and viij s. of unlaw. [} [\20 JANUARY 1519-20\] }] The commoun seill was granttit to be appendit to ane # testimoniall that Thomas Buchane was nebour. Wille Dic enterit to the fredoum of # burgesry, under the aicht aucht and wount, and sall pay xiiij s.; plegis # George Johensoun. Robert the Brus of Archt was interit to the fredoum of # burgesry and gild be rasoun of hus fader, and sall pay xxvj d. ob., ij li. # walx, and the wyne. Plegis Robert the Brus of Carnok. [} [\24 JANUARY 1519-20\] }] Allexander Murra, James Merschal, Johen Monucht, and William Monucht, prisit this gair, syoern, wnderwrittin: - Ane blak # goune linit with blak skennis, to vj merkis; v ellin of tanny, v Franch # crounnis; ane doublat of gray sathing, xx s.; ij pair of hois of skerllat, xl s.; ane # blankat, vj s. viij d. [} [\13 FEBRUARY 1519-20\] }] Gilbert M'Lellan protestit in the nyme and behaw of the # bredir of the gild that na man enter to the fredoum of the gild bot he that # sall pay v li., the walx and the wyne, excep tham that enteris be airschip that # is payit of befoir. Johen Bully present, in presance of the provest and ballies, # ane instrument of Sir Allexander Fresall hand, the quhilk proportit and bour # in the selfe the donacioun and gift of the parocht clarkschip and the keipin of # the knok for all the dais of hus lyeftyme, as he allegit. The provest and ballies hais assignit Frida that nixt cummis # to Waltir Grame to enter him to the fredoum of burgesry and gild, on this # condicioun, that he sall fynd souerte for hus finis and be oblist and # syoern that he sall nocht [{exercise any{] punt pertenyng the fredoum of the gild # on to [{the tyme{]

that he pay v li., the walx and the wyne, to the gud toune, # eftir the forme and tenor of the act maid thar apon be the provest, balyeis, # counsale and communite, the quhilk is new ratifeit yeirly. [} [\26 FEBRUARY 1519-20\] }] James Gryme, soune and air to wmquhill Malcum Gryme, # comperit in the said fenssit court, in presens of the saidis provest and # ballies, and thar he chesit Mergret cuntas of Cassillis to be hus curatour and maid # facht that he was nocht compellit, sedoussit nor coacit thar to, and maid # facht that he sould nevir cum in the contrar befoir na juge nor jugis speretual na # temperal. It was statut and ordinit that na houkstar sall by ony manir # of fycht na uder stoufe to tap agane apon nebouris quhill eftir xj houris, # under the pane of eschetin of the stoufe that is coft. [} [\12 MARCH 1519-20\] }] The provest and ballies, counssal and communite, hais # granttit to thar nebouris the craftismen of the smythis this privelage, that is # to say, that ilke persoun or persounis that bringis ony stufe pertenyng to thair # craft to sell within this said burgh sall pay a penny on the mercat day for # help of Goddis service to be doune in the said parocht kirk, in honor of God, # the blissit Virgin, Sanct Loye, and all sanctis. [} [\16 APRIL 1520\] }] (\Curia capitali burgi de Striveling, tentta et affirmata in # pretorio dicti burgi per prepositum et ballivos eiusdem.\) Quhite was fundin saild for xvij s. the boll. Johen Akman was fundin lipir. It is statut and ordinit be the provest, ballies, counssal # and communite, that na houkstar, nor uder persoun douelland within this said # burgh, by ony fysch or caponis quhill xij houris at noune to tap agane apon # thar nebouris, under the pane of viij s. to the Rud wark, onforgifin. And eliekwis it is statut and ordinit that na houkstar, nor # uder persoun doulland within this burgh, by ony corn or hay or foder that # cummis to this gud toun to sell to tap agane on to the hour of tuelfe at # noune; and the said efter stufe that cummis to sell efter noun on to sex houris at # ewyne, under the pane foirsaid.

It is statut and ordinit that na meill, malt, baier nor # quhit, that cummis to the marcat of this said burgh, be saild quhill xij houris at # noune, under the pane of viij s. Johen Williamsoun passit, at the command of the saidis # provest and balyeis, to the tolbouit wyndo, and proclemit opynly gife thair # was ony persoun or personis that had ony enteris to ane hous with the # pertinentis pertenyng to wmquhill Johen Aysoun, liand betuex the land of James Langis # on the norcht part and the land of wmquhill Thom of Cragingelt on the # soucht part, to cum within xl dais and pay the said chaplan [\Sir John # Aysoun\] the by runnyn annalis with the expensis and tha sall haue full ingres # to the said hois with the pertinentis, and faling heirof tha will cais heritable # seissing to be giffin to the said Sir Johen Aysoun to be bruikit and josit be # him and hus successouris (\inperpetuum\). [} [\16 JULY 1520\] }] It is statut and ordinit be the balyeis na persoun nor # personis sell aiell derrar nor xvj d. the gallon, under the pane of vij s. to the # Rud wark onforgifin. It was appoyntit and contractit betuix honorable personis, # Thomas Besat of the Quarell on the ta part and George Crechtoun on the # tothir parte, in this maner folowand, that is to say that Alexander Besat sal # complete mareage with Jonet Crechtoun, dochter to the said George; for # the quhilk mareage the said George sall content and pay to the said # Alexander the soum of achtscore of merkis, and the said Thomas sall tharfor # infefft the said Alexander and Jonet in coniunct fefftment in the souchhalf of # the landis of the Bissat land, togidder with al and hale his landis of xxx # akaris efter the tenour of thar appoyntment and contractis thareupone. [\Robert # Brus of Erch, Robert Brus of Auchinbowy, and William Mouch, burgesses, # bind themselves for payment of the eight score merks; and George Crechtoun, # provost, and Robert Brus of Auchinbowy, bind themselves to relieve Mouch # of his obligation.\] [^3 SEPT., 1 OCT., 5, 9, 12, 26 NOV., 14.JAN. 1520 OMITTED.^]

[} [\17 JANUARY 1520-21.\] }] Johen Bully protestit that the provest, ballies nor counssal # of this said burgh, sould nocht be displesit at him quhowbeit he callit than # and perseuit tham befoir ane uder juge for the wrangus haldin of hus fee for # the keipin of the knok, as he allegit, na that it sould nocht hourt him na # hus fredoum be na waye. The saidis provest, ballies and counssal, beand # present for the tyme, requirit the said Johen Bully to schaw ane attenttice # document of the gift of the keipin of thar knok and quhat he sould have # tharfor and he sould be ansourt. Duncan Patonsoun produsit and schew ane attentict document, # of wmquhill Sir James Darow hand writ, of the dait of fyfty yeris # or mair, the quhilk maid mentioun that hus land and tenement the quhilk he # ocupiis this foirsaid day aucht bot viij d. of anuale to the abbay of # Cambusschennocht. Comperit in the said fenssit court dene George Esok, # subprior of Cambusschennocht, and dene Johen Arnot, sakar of the said place, and thar # requirit the said Duncan Patonsoun to pay tham ane stane of talk or of # xvj d., eftir the forme and tenor of thar chartour, becais thar chartour was # befoir hus avidence xxx yeris or mair, as tha allegit, and gifin undir the commoun # seill of the said burgh. Sir Thomas Coling denyit to mak service in the parocht kirk # of the said burgh eftir the tenor and forme of hus awin hand writ, the # quhilk was produsit and schawin to him in the said fenssit court in presens the # haill communite beand present for the tyme. [} [\28 FEBRUARY 1520-21.\] }] George Thomsoun grantit that he had vj poder plattis, vj # dissches, iij sawsaris. ij trenscheris contenand xxv li., price of the li. # xviij d., j quart, j choppyn, j chandelar, twa pottis, the cost of a pot xx d., j # pair of schettis, j bed, j buffat stoull, j pair of boullis, j brodclayth, j # touall, j small standand compter; the quhilk gair pertenit to the barnis of wmquhill # Duncan Lyntoun and deliverit to him be Johen of Cragingelt and Thom Smytht.

[} [\8 APRIL 1521.\] }] Johen Sym, soune to Andro Sym, was in amerciament for the # not keipin of hus condicion to James Merschall tuechin the fraichtingis of # hus boit out of the port of Striveling callit Blyis Hoill to the havin of # Leicht, becais it was previt sufficiently befoir the said inquist that the saidis # James fraichit the said boit to the said havin siclik as Duncan Patonsoune, nebour # of the said burgh, did of befoir now at hus last waagh, and the said James # to pay na mair fracht this ladin na the said Duncan did of befoir to the said # Johen. The saidis balyeis comandit and chargit George Symsoun, # nebour of the said burgh, to bring ane pot to tham on Friday nixt to cum, the # quhilk is the xij day of the said monecht, the quhilk pot was recoverit be # David Scumervaill of the Plane apon wmquhill Duncan, as the ackis rasit tharupone # proportis, and falin that he bring nocht the said pot the said day that # tha will pas to hus hous and tak als gud a pot be thair estimacion and deliver # to the creditour on to the tyme that tha get thar awin, becais the said pot # aucht bot sex s., the quhilk was deliverit in the balyeis handis in this present # court. It was fundin be the inquist na man nor woman douelland # within the said burgh hald ony syene without band, under the pane of slain # of the syene, quhasumevir aucht thame, and tha to have na radres na payment # of the persoun that slais tham. It is fundin be the inquist that ilke nebour keip nebourhed # in the begin of thar yaird dikis to uderis, and quha that falis to pay the # unlaw of viij s. to the Rud wark, and the ballies to constrene and compel thame to # big the sammyn. [} [\12 APRIL 1521.\] }] Charllis Kanydi requirit the saidis ballies to mak devisioun # and part the guddis and gair pertenyng to wmquhill Malcum Gryme and to # deliver Jenot Gryme, douchter to wmquhill the said Malcum, hir porcion and # part of the sammyn, the quhilkis the saidis baillies refusit and said tha # wald nocht intromet with nane of that gair becais it was testit. [} [\21 APRIL 1521.\] }] It was statut and ordinit be the provest, ballies, counssal # and communite, beand present for the tyme, that na houkstar by ony salmound na # yit na fycht to tap agane apon nebouris on to xij houris at ewine.

[} [\6 MAY 1521.\] }] James of Schaw of Salky, knycht, granttit, in presens of the # saidis provest and ballies, that he ranunsit and gaife our all rycht # or titill of rycht that he had, hais or mycht have in ony tyme to cum, to ane land and # tenement pertenyn to wmquhill Thomas Young, liand within the said burgh, # betuex the land and tenement of wmquhill Robart Duncan on the est part # and the land of wmquhill Sir James Darow on the wast part and the # Kingis hiegait on the norcht part and the gait callit the Bakraw on the soucht # part, to Robert Spettale, servand to the Quenis grace, excep allanerly # the payment of x s. of annale be yeir; and the said James oblist him # fachtfully nevir to cum in the contrar befoir na juge na jugis, speretuall nor # temporall, in ony tyme to cum, under the pane of maensyeiring, defamacion and # inhabilite. David Crag, thesaurar of the said burgh for the tyme, # requirit at the provest, ballies, counsall and communite, beand present for the # tyme, gife tha thocht expedient to sustene the pleis of thar rychtis tuechin # the soumondis maid apon thame be master William Hammiltoun, viccar of the # said burgh, and Johen Bully, parocht clerk, anent four akeris of land of # the Boroumannis Medow of the commoun of the said burgh clemit be the said # viccar to pertein to him and hus successouris, and anent a sertane mony clemit be # the said Johen to be uptane yeirlie of the commoun gudis for the keip of # the knok as he allegis, the quhilk is dependand the law befoir the # offisiall of Loudean; and the said provest, ballies and counssal, beand than present, # beand avisit, all in [{ane{] woce concludit that tha wald sustene the plee # and defend the said acciounis becaus tha undirstand that thar acciounis perseuit be # the saidis viccar and klark war on juste and that tha had na just titill # to the saidis akeris nor mony. [} [\20 JULY 1521.\] }] Jame Moffat, tailyour, was in amerciament of bloud and # trublance of Sande Dyncan, tailyour; plegis for the unlaw [\blanco\] Moffat, # pigmakar. The said Sande Duncan was in amerciament for the trublance # committit and doune apone Jame Moffat; plegis his hand and gudis. Sande Duncan was # in amerciament for the desobaissance of James Lam, seriand. Johen Bully, in presens of the saidis ballies, in a fenssit # court, said that he sould mak Jame Lam onable to bruk ane office.

Duncan Smart and Johen Allan, talyour, war lawborgh that # Jame Moffet sould be harmles and skaitles of Thome Allan, talyour. [} [\29 JULY 1521.\] }] (\Curia burgi de Strivelyng, tenta et affirmata in pretorio # dicti burgi per prepositum, Alexandrum Forester, et ballivos.\) [^NAMES^] Andro Borell of Logy wes in ane amerchyment of this court # for the wrangwis withthalding of ane pair of blak clokis fra Robert # Tenent, thaggar, and his wif, borrowit fra tham, and is ordand to restoir the # samyn be ane assis to the saidis Robert and his spous. Jonet Clerk, # vmquhill servand to Robert Tenent, grantit in jugisment that scho ressavit ane pair # of blak clokis fra Andro Borell and his wif and laid tham in apon Roben # Tenentis langsadill end within his hous, and wes chargeit to reman in the tolbutht # for the samyn. [} [\9 AUGUST 1521.\] }] Johen Bully, of his awin fre motife will, in presance of the # saidis provest and ballies in the said fenssit court, hais ranunssit frely and # gifin our the keipin of the knok of the Rud Kirk and nevir to clem ony richt # to the sammyn, and the guid toun to disspon apon the sammyn as tha # think maist expedient. [} [\10 AUGUST 1521.\] }] Allexander Murray, burges in the burgh of Striveling, of hus # awin fre will, has bundin and oblist him, hus airis, executouris and # assignais, to content and pay to Mergret Schaw, the relict of wmquhill George of # Crichetoun of Breder toune, tuenti four bollis of meill gud and sufficient # stoufe and markat wair, to be pait to the said Mergret or hir factouris yeirly # betuex the feist of the Nativete of our Lord and the feist of the purificatioun of # our Lady; and the halding of ten ky, and to pay tharfor kane cheis extending # to fyfti stane, and of the said l stane to be fyfe stane to the tynd; and gife # the said Mergret falis in the deliverin of the ky samekle cheis to be defakit, # and the said ky to

be prisit and to be deliverit to hir als guid at the wsscha of # the termis of thre yeris. [} [\30 SEPTEMBER 1521.\] }] Freir Wynssent, litstar, prior of the Freris Predicatoris of # this said burgh, protestit solemmtly, in presens of the saidis ballies # and in the vesiagh of the haill court, that na proces leid nor to be leid within # the said burgh sould hourt tham na thair place of thar anualis awin thame bot # that tha mycht have ramaid of law. Sir James Akman, chaplane, collector and balye to the feft # chaplanis of the parocht kirk of the said burgh, protestit solemply that na # proces leid nor to be leid sould hourt the saidis feft chaplanis of thar obit # silver nor anualis in tyme cumin bot that tha mycht have rameid of law. Duncan Patonsoun allegit, in presens of the saidis ballies, # that he wanttit hus fee the last tyme he was balye and protestit that he sould # nocht bruk na office on to the tyme that he war pait of hus said fee. The saidis provest and balyeis passit to the mercat cros of # the said burgh and causit to proclame that na broustar within the said burgh # sell ony aiell derrar na xij d. the galloune, undir the pane of the frist falt # viij s. unforgifin, the nixt falt xvj s., the third falt the dingin fourcht of the # calderun bodim, brekin of the breuin loumes and expellin of the persoun or # persouns committeris and brekaris of this statut breuin for ane yeir. The aild provest and ballies: [^NAMES^]. The new provest and ballies: [^NAMES^]. Thir are the nyemis of the dekinnis: [^NAMES^]. [} [\4 OCTOBER 1521.\] }] Duncan Patonsoun was chosin dene of the gild for this # instant yeir. David Crag was chosin thesawrar for this instant yeir.

Robart Arnot, ane of the ballies of the burgh of Striveling, # passit to the hous and lugin of James Tennand and causit a certane gair # pertenyn to wmquhill Johen Elphinstoun to be prisit be famus men and causit # to be syoern to pris liellely and treuly this gair that eftir # folowis; and thir ar the nyemis of the saidis prisaris, [^NAMES^]. Item, in the first, ane hors prisit to xxvj s.; item, ane # sadill, bridill and hors hous, vj. s.; item, ane syourd, buklar and syourd belt, vj # s.; item, ane pair of buttis and ane pair of schoun, ij s. vj d.; item, ane # gaubart of russat xx s.; item, ane hogtoune of rayit clayth, xviij d.; item, ane # clouk iiij s.; item, ane jak, viij s.; item, twa pair of hois, 5 s.; item, ane # dowblat, iij s.; item, ane gray bonat, ane nicht courchre and hus sark, gifin to the woman # that keipit him; item, awin be Hammiltoun to the said wmquhill Johen, 5 s. [} [\14 OCTOBER 1521.\] }] Sir James Akman, cheplane, and balye and collectour to the # feft chaplanis of the parocht kirk of the said burgh, produsit and shew ane # attentic chartour and seissin of twa markis of obit silver to be upliftit and # tane to the feft chaplanis yeirly for sufferagh to be doun for the saullis of # wmquhill Allexander lord Elphinstoun and Sir Johen Elphinstoun, his fader, of ane # land and tenement liand in the Bakraw. [} [\3 FEBRUARY 1521-2.\] }] Thom Smyth, dekin of the smychis, was in amerciament for the # wrangus fundin of ane borgh apon George Smyth, allegand that the said # George was awin xxij s. iiij d. for thair prestis met and ane wkly penny, # the quhilk was fundin be the assis that the said George aucht na mair to the # said craft bot in sa fer as he occupiit within the fredoum of the said burgh. [} [\14 FEBRUARY 1521-2.\] }] James Lang, burges within the said burgh, and Males Lang, # hus oye and aire, hais granttit thame to have analeit and saild ane anuale # rent of ix s. to be tane and upliftit be the brother and fraternite of the # Halybloud or thar factouris yeirly [\and another annual of 6 s.;\] the quhilk # mony that was gottin for the saidis sex shilling of anual ane pairt tharof # was gifin to Thom

Fowlar to lyeir the said Males the skennar craft as ane prentes # aucht to be lyerit. Males Lang is bunden prentes to Thom Fowlar, skennar, for # the spece of four yeiris; the said Thomas hais promittit to lieir the said # Males and do hus delegens to lieir him the said craft eftir hus pouar, and to do # to him in meit, drynk and beddin, as a maister aucht to do hus prentes. And # atour it is condicionit gif the said Males passis fra the said Thomas hus # master within the saidis termes of iiij yeiris in hus defalt, without ocasion # of the said Thomas, and byidis and absentis him fra him fourti dais, the # said Thomas sall nocht rasaife him agane to hus prenteschip nor lieir him the # said craft in tyme thaireftir. And gife the said Males ramanis with hus said # master to the wsscha of hus foirsaid termes he oblisis him to mak service # for ane yeir to the said Thomas, for meit and fee, befoir ony uderis. [} [\17 FEBRUARY 1521-2.\] }] The baillies hais assiguit this day xv days to the dekin and # craftismen of the hammirmen to prefe gife scheit makaris scottis and lottis # with thar craft in uder borouis, that is to say in Edinburgh, Dunde, Glasgow, # Sanctjohentoun, or in Abirdene. It was assignit to the balyeis this day xv dais to James # Tennand to prefe that the lair that George Symsoun erddit hus wyfe in was # hus lair and granttit to him be the dyen of gild that was for the tyme and # that hus barnis and wyfe was erddit in the said lair and that he had maid cost # for the payment of it with stanis. [} [\3 MARCH 1521-2.\] }] The bayleis hais assignit this day xv dais to Wille # Gillaspy to bring the lard of Kars acquittance of all fermes and malis that he # has deliverit to the said lard, or to ony of hus factouris, of the landis of # the Justinflet pertenyn to Patric Mentecht, the quhilk he hais in assedacion of this # gud toun, sen the feild of Floudoune, the quhilkis sall be weill allouit # to the said William. Thom Watsoun allegit that he aucht nocht apon rasoun to scot # nor lot the craftismen of the hammirmen becaus he occupies na warklomis # that pertenis to thair said craft nor samekle as a hammir.

[} [\17 MARCH 1521-2.\] }] Johen Hendersoun hais promisit to gife four schilling # yeirly, at twa termes Whitsownday and Mertimes be evinly porciounis, to the # dekin of the maltmen that beis for the tyme to the vphald of dyvyne seruice # to be doun at the altar of Sanct Mathow fundit and situat within the # parocht kirk of the said burgh. [} [\28 APRIL 1522.\] }] It was fundin be the inquist that ony flechour that slais # ony falty flecht within burgh, or brekis ony fawin flecht to tap amangis # nebouris, that he sall be expellit fra flecht slain within burgh for ane yeir, and ane # vnlaw wnforgifin. It is ordinit that the dekin of the flescheris that beis for # the tyme cum to the offisaris that beis the said tyme and schaw tham ony of # the said craft that byis ony fawin flecht or ony falty flecht to tap apon # nebouris, and falin heirof that he sall pay xl s. to the kirk wark. Item, that na flescheir hald na servand bot he that he will # risspond and ansour for him. Item, that na martis, syen nor muttoun, be slane on the # hegait be na fleschour na thair servandis bot in the Bakraw and in bouis, # under the pane of the unlaw als aft as tha falt. [} [\5 MAY 1522.\] }] The saidis ballies, counsall and communite, beand present # for the tyme, hais granttit that the dekinis and craftismen of the said burgh # sall have ane kee of the lok of the commoun kist in keipin quhar all the # avidentis of this gud toune and the commoun seill ar in keipin. All the dekinis of craftismen of the said burgh for this # said instant yeir, all in a voce, protestit solemply that thar sould nocht be na # takis of the common land of the said burgh set in ony tyme to cum langar # takis na fife yeiris eftir that the viij yeris takis be runin, the quhilkis # ar granttit this said day to the tenentis that occupyis the said comoun landis for # ane gratitud doune be tham in the payin of ane takist of four schor of # pundis and xiij li. or thar by of thair foir malis of the comoun land of the Borowmuir # and the Soucht akeris that tha have in assedacion of the provest, # ballies, counssal and communite of the said burgh.

[} [\17 JUNE 1522.\] }] In presens of the provest and balyeis, Allexander Benne, # dekin of the wobstaris, and hus haill craft, with consent and assent of all # the dekinis and craftismen of the said burgh, the quhilk nyemis of the saidis # dekinis folowis: in the first, Patric Lausoun, Thom Smyth, Johen Allexander, # Johen Allan, Thom Mitschal, Andro Lokart and Allexander Robisoun, hais # condusit and feit Sir Robart Broun, chaplan, curat for the tyme, for dyvin # seruice to be doune at the altar of Sanc Luck, situat within the parocht kirk # of the said burgh, that is to say the said Sir Robart sall, God willin, say # twa messis in the wouke at the altar befoir Sanc Severine, patrone to the # saidis craftismen of wobstaris, for the quhilkis the saidis dekin and craftismen # of wobstaris that happynis to be for the tyme sall thankfully content and paye to # the said Sir Robart xxvj s. viij d. in the yeir, be evinly porcionis at twa # usit termis Witsounday and Mertimes in wynter. [} [\30 JUNE 1522.\] }] William M'Lellane protestit that it sould nocht hourt hus # fredoume quhobeit he soummound Marion Cant befoir the official, # considering he complenit to the balyeis and tha wald nocht sit on sic materis # becaus the mater was iniurius langagh and schlander. [} [\6 OCTOBER 1522.\] }] All the land burges war unlauit for thair absence fra the # heid court, excepand Nycol Cristesoun and Ritsche Cristesoun. Agnes Lang and Walter Ewinsoun, hir soune, submittit tham # syorne to abid, stand and underly, the sentance and deliverance of master # Dave Abircrummy, subden of our Soverane Lordis chapell riall, Sir James Wilsoun, persoun of Glendovane, Malcum Drummound of Kilbrid, Walter # Grame and James, of all accionis and debaittis betuix tham and specialy # anent the landis of the Glen and the gudis and gair of airschip pertenyng to the # said Walter. [} [\10 OCTOBER 1522.\] }] Allexander Patonsoun promisit to bring the lard of Keiris # boit wp the watter and deliver hir quhar scho lay and to do the sammyn # within xv dais.

[} [\27 OCTOBER 1522.\] }] It is statut and ordinit that candill be saild [{na{] derrar # na iiij d. ob. the li. and that tha be four penny candill in the pund and ane # halfpenny candill and ix halfpenny candill in the li., and that tha be # gud and sufficient stoufe, under the pane of the unlaw escheiting of the candill. It is statut and ordinit that all flecht that cumis to this # mercat to sell be prisit be ane balye and ane certan of fleschouris and uderis # nebouris that sall be chargit be ane balye, and that na mauschit na spoulyeit to # cum to this said mercat to sell under the pane of escheting of the said flecht. It is statut and ordinit that na fleschor within this burgh # sla na caus to be slane ony flecht bot on the Baksyid or in thar bouis, undir # the pane of viij s. the frist falt, xx d. the nixt falt, and tynssall of # the flecht the thrid falt. It is statut and ordinit that na persoun nor personis woucht # ony maner of clais at the toune bouirn within the Barrasyet or aboun, for # fyling of the bourn, undir the pain of viij s. vnforgevin and brekin of the # weschal that tha wous with. [} [\17 NOVEMBER 1522.\] }] Jame Males put him in will for the haldin of ane kow and ane # sowe that war commoun dik brekaris. [} [\19 DECEMBER 1522.\] }] It is statut and ordinit be the provest, ballies, counssal # and communite, beand present for the tyme, that na nebour doulland within the # said burgh tak ane cobill of the watter of Forcht bot at the ballies maid # be tham, under the pane of tinssal of hus fredoum. [} [\23 FEBRUARY 1522-3.\] }] The provest, ballies, counsall and communite, beand present # for the tyme, hais granttit to suple and suport Sir Robart Cristisoun, # chaplan of Sanc James Chapel, master of thar grammer scholl, in the plei in # defens of the said chapel and the rychtis tharof. [} [\16 MARCH 1522-3.\] }] It was fundin be the assis that Johen Cousland sall deliver # to Arche Duncansoun ane certan gudis pertenyn to him in airschip be the # dissase of

wmquhill Johen Duncansoun, hus fader, that is to say, ane bed, # ane chandlar, ane reid coverin, ane pouder dicht, ane yetlyn, ane gangand # quheil, ane tyne pynt, ane mask fat, ane stand and ane gyeil fat, gife the said # Johen hais nocht deliverit the saidis gudis to the said Arche and prefe the # deliverance of the samin. [} [\27 APRIL 1523.\] }] All the nebouris beand present for the tyme war content and # granttit that David Crag, thesaurar, and Robart Arnot, master of the # kirkwark, sould deliver to Marthing, servand to Ewin Allasoun, the soume of xl # pundis in part of payment of ane mair soume for temyr to the queir of the kirk # of the said burgh. [} [\6 JULY 1523.\] }] It was fundin be the assis that Wille Forsyicht falit in hus # condicion to Gilbart Patonsoun tuechin the sellin of ane sowe to the said # Gilbart, that condicionit that scho was with gryissis the tyme of the sellin # of hir, and scho was not. [} [\15 FEBRUARY 1523-4.\] }] Jenne Murra and Johen Murra war ilk ane of tham in # amerciament for trubling of thair nebouris, undir silence of the nycht, throw # thair flything and haldin of thair nebouris walkand all the nycht. It is statut and ordinit that ilke nebour big hus dikis and # keip nebourheid to uderis, and quha that falis and douis in the contrar quhat # sckait that ony nebour takin in hus yaird, in defalt of keipin of # nebourheid, in sa far as he ma prefe the skait, the nebour nocht keipand him nebourheid # sall recompance him at the syicht of nebouris in sa far as he is skait. [} [\4 APRIL 1524.\] }] Sir Dave Cristisoun, chaplane, enterit to the fredoum of # burgesry and gild be rasoun of wmquhill Nycol Cristesoun, hus fader, and # sall pay xxvj d. ob., ij li. walx and the wyne. The saidis provest, ballies, counssal and communite, hais # granttit to affixit thair commoun seile to ane new chartour to be # transumptit and maid of all anualis pertenyn to Sanc Laurance altar fundit and # situat within the parocht kirk of the said burgh, and the said charter to be put # in the common kist, and the said Sir William to have copy of all the saidis # anualis, and the

saidis provest and ballies sall caus him to be ansorit and # obayit of the sammyn as law will. [} [\18 APRIL 1524.\] }] The provest, ballies, counsall and communite, hais grantit # and lyessance to the Gra freris of the said burgh ane pece of thair common # land lyand at the soucht part of thair yaird equali gangand doune the bred of # thair yaird to the Rud croft. [} [\2 MAY 1524.\] }] Johen Allan, talyour, was in amerciament for the occupyin of # the furruris in furring of ane goune with new stoufe, and it is ordinit and # commandit be the provest and ballies, that na talyour within the said # burgh occupy the said furrur craft, wndir the pane of xl s. to the Rud wark als # aft as tha falt. [} [\7 MAY 1524.\] }] The provest [{and{] ballies, with consent and assent of the # hail bredir of the Haly bloud, hais granttit to content and pay Sir Johen Lambart, # chaplane of thair said altar, xxv merkis yeirly, gud and wsual mony of the # realme, for hus gud and thankfull service doune and to be doune at thair said # altar of the Halybloud, with all uder service, that is to say Ladymes, # Hiemes, Hevinsang and Mathingis, and how and quhen the tyme occurris. The provest, ballies, counssal and communite, all with ane # consent and assent, na discrepance, hais granttit and gevin the service of # the Rud alter in the Rud loft, fundit and situat within the parocht kirk of # the said burgh, to ane discret man, Sir Johen Spottiswoud, chaplane, for hus # gud and thankfull service to be doune at the said alter, with all and syndry # anualis, croftis, landis, oblacionis, and generall all and syndry acsedant pertenyn to # the said alter; and als the saidis provest, ballies, counssal and communite, # hais granttit ane yeirly pencion of vj merkis to the said Sir Johen, and gife the # said Sir Johen makis gud and thankfull service, efter the forme and tenor of # hus donacion gifin to him under the common seill of the said burgh, the # saidis provest, ballies, counssal and communite, sall conseder at the yeris end # and eke hus pencioun efter thair consiance and discression eftir hus gud # service makin. [} [\5 SEPTEMBER 1524.\] }] Wille Aysoun hais tane the stagis and the ravenues of the # fair for xvij

merkis and x s. [{And{] the said provest and ballies hais # promisit to deliver and draw the best stagis that cumin in the stond to Wille # Aysoun and warrand him the sam that na man sall have challance or cleme of rycht # to him, bot to be brukit be the said William, and he to disspon on him as he # thinkis maist expedient. [} [\23 OCTOBER 1524.\] }] Thir ar the thingis that ar granttit be the provest and # ballies to Duncan Patonsoun, dene of the gild for the tyme:- Item, in the frist, the provest and ballies sall tak hus # afald part and defend him in ony maner of thing belangand hus office in the # exarcision or execussion of hus office, bayth with tham selfe and thair # servandis, quhenevir he chargis tham or ony ane tharto. Elyckwis, gif the said Duncan makis expens within the kirk # or queir in ony necessar or nyeidfull thingis or reformacion of Goddis # service, for the honor of God and the weill of the toune, that tha sall mak the # said expens tharof and caus the samyn to be thankfully payt to him quhen he # gifis the sammyn in writ to tham, or ony wder expens he makis out with # for the weill of the toune and the gildbrethir. And, elyekwys, that nowder provest nor ballies liessent nor # gife lyefe to na chaplane, beand within the kirk that tha ar patronis to, to # pas na harandis bot gife he have lyefe of the said Duncan, and gife hus # harandis be gret and nyeidfull to be doun to ramane at the maist bot viij dais fra # his service. Item, it is granttit that the said Duncan sall nocht # intromet with the fillin of the lamppis na lychtin of the candillis. [} [\31 OCTOBER 1524.\] }] Jame Murra was in amerciament for the wrangus blasflemyn, # trubbeling and houcterin of Robe Salter. Johen Johensoun was in amerciament for the wrangus castin of # ane muttoun buke of Johen Lamis undir hus feit on the cassay and # fylin of it. [} [\21 NOVEMBER 1524.\] }] Johen Ackyne, balye, is souerte that Fyndelo Donaldsoun sall # deliver ane gud and sufficient gryndstane of four fut, and thre fyngir # breid, to Rob Scot. Thir ar the previs of the awnyng of ane syourd ... Rob # Merschal, frist witnes, of xl yeris of aige, or tharby, syorne, deponit # that weill he wis

and sekirly knew that the syourd thair present, clemit be Johen # Benne, was the said Johen awin syourd and coft be him fra [\blanco\] Gray, # and that he had wanttit the syourd cum xv dais befoir Youll ane yeir ... [} [\21 JANUARY 1524-5.\] }] David Greg was maid [{quit{] be ane assise of the slachter # of ane syene that he slow to Marion Broun becaus syene war fundin unlachfull # gudis. [} [\3 MARCH 1524-5.\] }] The provest, ballies, counssale and communite, beand present # for the tyme, hais granttit the altar of Sanc Ninianes altar and the # service tharof to Sir Thomas Jarva, he makand service at the samyn eftir the # forme of hus condicion undir hus awin subscripcioun of hus hand. The provest, ballies, counssale and communite, beand present # for the tyme, nane discrepance, all in ane woce, haif granttit the nixt # wakand alteragh that wakis within thar parocht kirk of the said burgh to Robart # Ferny, soune to Robart Ferny, burges of the said burgh, he beand habill # tharto, and gife Sanc Ninianis altar be wakand the said altar to be gife him the # service of the sammyn, and falin tharof to gife him the service of ane wder # als gud als soune as it wakis, he beand abill tharfor as said, and to mak service # eftir the tenor and forme of the ac maid of befoir. [} [\31 MARCH 1525.\] }] Wille Fidlar, allies Ednom, was in amerciament for the # wrangus trublance of Sir James Crag, chaplane, be hus violent and impertinat # langagh without falt maid to him be the said Sir James or ony wderis in hus # behaw, tharfor it is statut and ordinit be the saidis provest and ballies that # the said Wille sall nocht falt to the said Sir James in ony tyme to cum, and # gife he dowis in the contrar that he sall pay xl s. to the Rud wark on # forgifin. [} [\12 APRIL 1525.\] }] The bowrow court of Striveling haldin and affirmit be the # provest and balyeis of the sammyn; comperit befoir tham Robart Spettal, # factor and actor for Cristane Ra, servitrice to the Quenis grace and hienes, on # the ta part, and Sir Allexander Buchan, chaplan, for himselfe and all wderis # haveand entres,

and submittit tham fauchfully, be the wphaldin of thair rycht # handis, the deliverance of thir personis eftir folowand, that is to say, # Duncan Patonsoun, dene of the gild, Robert Arnot, Johen Ackyn, Ritschart Narne, # ballies, Alexander Watsoun [\and six others,\] tuechin the bigin of ane new hous # and gawill be the said Cristan Ra and hir said factor to the gawill of the # land of the said Sir Allexander Buchane, in the Castal Wynd; the quhilkis # personis beand syoern, mowvit of court, ryiply avisit, incom agane in jugment, # and deliverit all in a woce that the said Cristan Ra and hir factor sall # tousk, bowale and ragall, the gawill of the saidis Cristan new hous to the gavill # of the said Sir Allexander hous, and the said Cristan and Robart in hir neme # till have all the haile stoufe and stanes of the said Sir Allexander part of # his aild gavill, and the saidis Cristan and Robart hir factour to big thar said # gawill as tha pleis and as tha think maist expedient, and the said Sir # Allexander and hus airis and successouris to be excludit in tyme to cum fra ony # flittin or makin of ony asiamenttis of the said gavill tharthrow becaus the said # Sir Allexander makis na expens nor cost of the bigin of the haill gawill. [} [\24 APRIL 1525.\] }] Ritschart Broun was convictit and filit for the thyftuis # steilling of twa maris out of the landis of Corntoun, and thareftir that the # doume was gifin on him to be hangit quhill he war deid, he granttit, of his # awin fre will, that he staw ane mair fra Robe Lam and ane blak hors out of the # Cobiltoun. The provest, ballies, counsall and communite, hais statut # and ordinit that thair be na kaik bakstaris within the fredoum of the said burgh # fundand selland ony kaikes bot samony as sall be chosin be tham, the # quhilkis sall be bot vj in nowmyr; and ordinis that James Lam, Johen Youle and # Dave Ritsche, offisaris, pas and warne all kaik bakstaris doulland # within the fredoum of the said burgh to dissist and scise fra the said occupacion, # and to warne tham all to the nixt court that tha ma be sex chosin for # the said occupacioun and all the laife dischargit. [} [\8 MAY 1525.\] }] James Lam, seriand, passit at the command of the said balyie # to the tolbouit wyndo and proclamit opynly gife thair was ony persoun or # persones that had ony entres till ane land and tenement pertenyn to # wmquhill Johen

Stewart, liand within the fredoum of the said burgh betuex the # land of wmquhill Johen Aysoun, on the est part, and the land of William # Cosour, on the wast part, to cum within xl dais and pay the runnyn anwalis # to Sir James Murra, chaplane, with the expens, and falin tharof thar will be # heritable stait, seissin and possessioun, gife to the said Sir James, to # be brukit and josit be him and hus successouris (\imperpetuum\). [} [\11 MAY 1525.\] }] The service of Sanc Ninianes altar fundit and situat within # the parocht kirk of the said burgh was gifin to Sir Thomas Duncansoun, with # all anualis, landis oblacionis and all wder doweteis, he makand service # tharfor eftir the forme and tenor of the ackis maid of befoir. [} [\3 JULY 1525.\] }] It is ordinit be the saidis provest and ballies that na # craftisman of the talyour craft occupy na ws ony punt pertenyn to the fredoum of # the gild, under the panes that ocuris to tyne apon law. Allexander Duncan protestit, in the name and behaw of the # haill craftismen of the talyouris, that quhat war doun in this present court # tuechin thar privelagis sould nocht hourt tham na tourne tham to preiudice # bot that tha mycht have remeid of law befoir ony juge or jugis competante # quhen and quhar it efferit. [} [\2 OCTOBER 1525.\] }] Robart Arnot hais offerit ane signet of gould to Johen # Allan, in the neme and behaw of Walter Cousland, he payand the mony that the said # signet is awin to the said Walter. It was fundin be the inquist that thar sall nocht be na # pencioun gifin to na chaplane in agmentacioun to ane alteragh for ane yeir. [} [\6 OCTOBER 1525.\] }] The provest, bailyeis and counssal, haif assignit Monunday # that nixt cummis to the haile counssal to convene in the lujene of Sir # Duncan Forester of Garden, knycht, to avies on the gift of the altar of Sanc # Katerin fundit and situat within thar parocht kirk, and ordinis that the hail # counssal be warnit to convene in the said lujene betuix ane and twa houris eftir # noune.

[} [\16 OCTOBER 1525.\] }] (\Curia justiciare burgi de Striveling, tentta in pretorio # dicti burgi per Allexander Forester, vicecomitatum dicti burgi.\) [^NAMES^] Robart Mentecht was convicit be the said assis and doume # gifin on him to be had to the Heiddin Hill and the hed to be strakin fra the # body, and the said doume was gevin be Wille Forsycht, dempstar for the # tyme. [} [\21 OCTOBER 1525.\] }] (\Curia justiciarie burgi de Striveling, tentta in pretorio # dicti burgi per Allexander Forester, justiciarium dicti burgi.\) [^NAMES^] It was fundin be the said assis that Robe Murra and Jame Mur # had thiftusly stouin ane gryne clok, ij syourds, ane sertane of # sarkis, courcheis and colaris, vij pair of schoun, ane pair of hois, ane buklar; that # tharfor the saidis Robart and James sould be tane to the Galhous and hangit quhill # tha war deid; and doum was gifin tharupon be the moucht of Wille # Forsyicht, dempstar for the tyme. [} [\23 OCTOBER 1525.\] }] (\Curia burgi de Striveling, tentta in pretorio dicti burgi # per prepositum et ballivos eiusdem.\) It is statut and ordinit be the provest, ballies and # counssal, that na stabelar within this said burgh sell ony aittis derrar na v d. # the pec of the best aittis, and that nane of tham by aittis in the mercat # quhill strangeris and the toune be servit; and that secundar aittis be saild for iiij # d. the pec, and smallar aittis be saild na derrar na iij d. the pec, and tha # that ar nocht wourcht iij d. to be saild bettir chaip. The stane of haye, # iiij d.

Alssya, it is statut and ordinit that na houkstar by aittis # within this burgh to tap bot gife scho hais ane stabil and hors meit to # furnes, and falin heirintill the aittis to be chettit. [} [\3 NOVEMBER 1525.\] }] Thir ar the nemis of the kaikbakstaris to be admittit and # ordinit to bak kakis, and that tha be sufficient stoufe and hald the # woucht, and quhen the pec of meil is coft for vj d. that the penny kake be ane # pund woucht, and sya afferand the woucht of the kake as the meil is saild:- # Agnes Thomsoun, Agnes Beltmakar, or ane of hir douchteris, Marion Wod, Cristan # Akman, Mergret Kirk, Jenne Symun, Mergret Drummound and Johen Hutching # wyfe. [} [\21 NOVEMBER 1525.\] }] It was previt sufficiently be Robyne Ewin and Johen Ewin, # and the gret aicht syorne, that Johen Talyour passit our the Watter of # Fourcht at the Borowman medow with the nowmyr of v=xx= of syene or tharby. [} [\29 JANUARY 1525-6.\] }] Allexander Crag is souerte that Edward Rowane sall bring the # sow clemit be Andro Legat to be hus propir gud on Monunday the xij day of # Fabruar nixt to cum, and to enter the said syen in presens of the # saidis provest and ballies. [} [\8 FEBRUARY 1525-6.\] }] James Pattoun, first witnes, syoerne, deponit that be the # aicht that he maid, safer as he wnderstoud, that the sow clemit be Andro # Legat, thair present, was Dave Bellis sow and now Edward Rouanis and saild be him to wmquhill the said Dave Bell, quhowbeit that hir lug was cuttit, # and on cuttit the tyme that he saild hir to the said Dave. [} [\5 MARCH 1525-6.\] }] It is ordinit be the provest and ballies that na persoun # within burgh tak mair for the brekin of ane salmound bot ane penny, wnder the # pane of debering of the persoun that dois in the contrar fra brekin of fycht for # yeir and day at the will of the saidis offisaris. Allexander Smytht hais grantit to deliver to Rob Willesoun # ane silver belt and ane ring betuex this day and Peax nixt to cum, and # falin tharof to deliver the waill of the samyn.

[} [\9 APRIL 1526.\] }] Johen Robesoun, fleschour, was accusit, in presens of the # saidis provest and bailyeis, for the slaktir of Sande Patonsoun, allegand that # the said Johen strak the said Allexander, thro the quhilk strakis the said # Allexander deit; the said Johen denyit that ever he strak him na did him hourt # or harme and tuk him to God and ane gud assis; the assis ramovand and # passand fourcht ryiply avisit and be examacion of witnes in com agane, and # deliverit all in a voce that the said Johen innocent of the deid of the said # Allexander becaus it was sufficiently previt befoir tham be famus witnes that the # said Johen did him nowder hourt na harme the tyme that it was allegit that he # strak him. [} [\13 APRIL 1526.\] }] Thomas M'Calpy was fundin be the said assise that he faltit # to the bailye, Ritschart Narne, be impertinat langagh, and it was ordaned be # the said assise that Allexander Forester, provest, Walter Grame and # Allexander Watsoun, ballies, sould modife amendis be thar discretioun to # the said Ritschart, balye, be thar discrecioun. Thomas M'Calpy hais # offerit him rady to mak ane emendis to Ritschart Narne at the ordinance of the # provest and the towder twa bailyeis as tha command him. Thome M'Calpy # allegit that the provest and the bailyeis set and pynist for impertinat # langagh and wald nocht gife him rameid nor amendis of impertinat langagh. It was fundin be the foirsaid assis that Marion Nortoun and # Marion Brus war ilkane of tham in amerciament for the brekin of the # statutis of the said burgh in sellin of xvj d. aiel contrar the statutis; and it is # ordinit that quhat tyme quhow soune ony of the saidis personis brekis the statutis # in tyme to cum that the balyeis sall tak of the faltour xl s. or ellis # ding out the fat bodim and deil the brewin at the cors. [} [\23 APRIL 1526.\] }] Duncan Darow was fundin in ane falt becaus the gud toune # wanttit bred, and he to be punist tharfor or ellis fynd ane faltour. [} [\28 MAY 1526.\] }] Micschal Donaldsoun, taylour, granttit, in presens of the # saidis provest and ballies, that he cuttit partis of treis in Duncan Forsycht # yaird extending to ix pece of bulisteris, chereis and ploumis.

[} [\16 JULY 1526.\] }] Quheit was fundit saild samekle as the bakstaris of the # said burgh couft in Leicht at this last waiaigh for xv s. the boll, and all wder # quhit that tha coft for xvj s. the boll. Malt was fundin for xvj s. the boll. It is statut and ordinit be the provest, ballies, counssal # and communite, that na indoullar within the fredoum of the said burgh sla ony # flecht to sell bot ane freman. Alssya na nyeiris na nyeircres be tane out of # the scheip, nowder to burgh nor land, that cummis to sell or saild within # the said burgh, quhill Michalmes, under the pane of viij s. unforgifin. # Alssya, that na muttoun that ar saild within the said burgh be blawin, under # the pane of viij s. unforgifin, nowder with punt of knyefe na uderwais. Item, that na houkstar by ony fecht to tap apon nebouris on # to xj howris, under the pane of viij s. Item, that na houkstar ocupy na ws na # byin na tappyn of fycht bot on the mercat day, undir the pane of viij # s. Item, that na houkstar occupy the mercat in sellin of fycht bot to remane # at thair awin dourris excep the mercat day, undir the pane of viij s. Item, # that ragratouris na couparis pas to the watter of Forch to by ony fycht unto the # tyme it [{is{] presentit the mercat, under the pane of viij s. [} [\30 JULY 1526.\] }] Allexander Crag hais tane apon him to prefe sufficiently # that Thom M'Calpy promisit xx s. to the maltmen and to thair alter of # Sanc Mathow, and to prefe the sam this day xv dais. [} [\27 AUGUST 1526.\] }] Johen Thom, allies Cristisoun, soune to wmquhill William # Thom, allies Cristison, enterit to the said William fredoume, undir the # aicht aucht and wount, and sall pay xxvj d. ob., ij li. walx and the wyne. # Plegis Sir Dave Cristisoun, stewart to the Queenis grace. And gife it happynit # that the said Johen eldast broder beis levand and cummis in Scotland and # desyris to entir to his faderis fredoume, the said Johen sall renunce and gife # our the said fredoume and the occupacioun of the sammyn for the entres of his said # broder. The alter of Sanc Michal, the haly arkangel, was granttit # and gevin to Sir Archibald Watsoun, soune to Allexander Watsoun.

[} [\1 OCTOBER 1526.\] }] It was statut that na houkstar nor wder persoun sould pas # to the toune end, na till ony wder partis of the toune, to by butter, egis, # foullis, na uder stoufe cumand to the said burgh to sell, and quha that did in # the contrar it sould be lesum to ony nebour that could apprehend ony of tha # ragratouris to tak the stoufe fra the saidis ragratouris, and to be the # takaris ascheat. It was statut and ordinit that na merchand sall by ony calfe # skennis under the pane of the wnlaw. [} [\15 OCTOBER 1526.\] }] The saidis provest and ballies hais granttit to Wille Dic, # dekin of the bakstaris, that he sall have ane offisar rady to pas with him # to pund ony of the said craft that falis and keipis nocht the command of the # said dekin tuechin the kipin of vj s. wourcht of bred on the marcat day # eftir noune for furnessing of the nebouris in samony personis as he commandis # and chargis to keip the sammyn. Wille Dik, dekin of the bakstaris, hais promisit to the # provest and ballies to caus the saidis craftismen to mak the twa penny laife xx # unce gud and sufficient stoufe and weill bakin, and falin heirof to schaw # the faltouris to the saidis provest and ballies that tha ma punys the said faltouris. Micschal Stensoun, dekin to the maltmen, has promisit to the # provest and ballies that na maltman within this burgh sall sell malt na # derrar na xvj s. the boll, and atour that tha sall tak bot twa s. mair # for the boll of malt na the bair is coft quhill Youll nixt to cum, and fra that # furcht bot xij d. betuex bollis. It is statut and ordinit that na candilmakar sell ony # candill derrar na four penneis and ane halfe penny the pund; and the half penny # candill and the penny candill efferand tharto, undir the pane of daillin of # thair candill and ane wnlaw, onforgevin. [} [\19 NOVEMBER 1526.\] }] It was grantit be the saidis provest, bailyeis, counssal and # communite, that gif ony craftisman of the bakstaris doulland within the # fredoume of the said burgh desobayit the dekin and wald nocht ansour and obay # the said dekin and craft, that thar sould ane of the seriandis pas with the # said dekin and craft and pund and distrene the persoun or persounis that # disobayis, and

the wnlaw to be disponit on walx to be brynt befoir Sanc # Howbart in honor of God and halykirk. Thomas Nortoun, soune and air to wmquhill Andro Nortoun, # nebour of the said burgh, with consent of hus curatouris, protestit, in # presens of the saidis provest, bailyeis, counsall and communite, beand present # for the tyme, that the seissin gevin be him of ane anwalrent of xx s. be yeir # to Marion Nortoun, hus fader sister, sould be on nane awail na tourne him # to na preiudice becaus he was within youitheid and of mynor aige, and for wder # diueris causis that he hais to schaw. [} [\14 JANUARY 1526-7.\] }] It was ordinit be the saidis provest and baillies that na # baicht be tane out of the bakhows on to the tyme that ane of the baillies and # the dekin weye the said baicht, and ilke bailye to keip the sammyn thar # houk about. [} [\28 JANUARY 1526-7.\] }] The provest and baillies assignit Ritschart Narne, Robart # Arnot and Allexander Watsoun, to mak compt and rakenyn of the stent # silver of the caragh hors silver the tyme the Governour passit to the houst # to Ingland, and to mak the said compt within xv dais. [} [\1 MARCH 1526-7.\] }] Robart Law enterit to the fredoum of burgesry and gild, # under the aicht aucht and wount, and sall pay v li. of mony, ij li. of walx and # the wyne; plegis Anro Kar. And the said Robart hais granttit, gife thar happynis # ony stenttis, to stent with the nebowris of the said burgh efferand to hus # substance of hus gaier, and sall scot and lot with the saidis nebowris quhen ony # siclik cummis. And als the provest, baillies, counssal and communite, beand # present for the tyme, hais dispensit with the said Robart and liessant him to # ramane and indoull without the said burgh or within, att hus plesour, he # stentand with the saidis nebouris as said is. [} [\3 JUNE 1527.\] }] Robart Spettal allegit and offerit to prefe with the spous # of wmquhill Gilbart Johensoun and Jenot, hus douchter, that [{he{] com to # the said Gilbart, he beand liand on hus deid bed and said to him in this maner:- # Gudman, it is said that ye murmur me, sayand that I have doune yow gret # wrangis in the

bigin apon your ground; and that the said Gilbart ansorit and # said:- I sa na thing tha of bot ye ar ane gud nebour. [} [\15 JULY 1527.\] }] Johen Lam, youngar, was in amerciament for the wrangus byin # of v scheip out of Johen of Yair hand eftir that the said Johen # servand had coft tham and gevin ane plak of arlling. Johen of Yair gave to the aicht of Johen of Lam, eldir, in # the said fenssit court, gife he callit him staik theife and commoun theife, and # the said Johen Lam rafusit and wald nocht mak facht of the sammyn; and than # the said Johen of Yair protestit that it sould nocht hourt him na hus # fredoume to call the said Johen Lam befoir ane speretual juge or jugis. [} [\23 JULY 1527.\] }] The lard of Lany enterit Robart Dowgal to the said provest # and ballies in ane fenssit court and the said Robart was put in the stokis. [} [\6 OCTOBER 1527.\] }] It was statut and ordinit be the provest, baillies, counssal # and communite, that na persoun na personis, nowder to broucht na land, by ony # meil in the mercat in gret to gife in for thar ferme or tend to ony gyrnnal # on to the tyme that all nebowris and indoullaris within the said burgh be # servit, undir the pane of asschetin of samekle as is coft and the profet tharof # to be gevin to the Rud wark. It is statut and ordinit that ane offisar keip the mercat on # the mercat day that na sek with meil be opynnit on to xj houris. Item, that na persoun bringand meil to the mercat to selland # hus meil, met na misour the said meil bot with the met loumis of the # custumaris, bayth pece and fourllat. Item, that na fleschour sall have bot four penneis for # brekin of ane mairt and ij d. for ane young beist. Item, that all flecht that cummis to the mercat to sell that # is spoilyeit or mauchit be prisit be ane pairt of fleschouris and wder nebowris # indoullaris within the said burgh. Item, that na persoun brekand fecht tak mair for the brekin # of ane salmond bot j d.

It is statut and ordinit that na marchand that ocupiis # stapell gudis by ony calfe skennis, kid skennis, na skalding skennis, under the # pane of ane wnlaw onforgevin. And elyekwys, it is statut and ordinit that na skennar # within the fredoum of the said burgh by ony woll skennis, wnder the pane of viij # s. als oft as tha can be apprehendit. Item, it is ordinit that na cordinaris that is na gild # brother by ony hidis, that is to say sukin kow and drawin ox, to bark, or to dispon # ony wder way, undir the pane of viij s. als oft as tha falt. [} [\8 NOVEMBER 1527.\] }] The provest, baillies and communite, hais grantit, gife thar # be ony persoun within the fredoume of the said burgh that hais ony ma soumes # na twa, that tha sall pay thar girs mail for samony ma as tha have na # the saidis twa soumis to the persoun or persounis havand assedacioun of the # guid toune of the samyn. [} [\9 DECEMBER 1527.\] }] It was fundin be the inquist, nane discrepand, that wmquhill # David Wilsoun was nocht the caus of hus awin deid and that he slew # nocht him selfe, and that he was wesyit with siknes, and ane aild waik # man, and passand to do his nedis and fell befoir hus awin dour and could nocht # recower na help him selfe for waiknes, and thar haistely weseit with God. [} [\3 FEBRUARY 1527-8.\] }] (\Assisa\): [^NAMES^] Robe Patonsoun was convict be the foirsaid assis for the # brekin of Agnes Langis bouit, and for the brekin of Allexander Watson bouit, # and the brekin of William Wyeissis bouit, and the brekin of Thom Jarva bouit, # and the brekin Thom M'Calpyis bouit, and the brekin of William Cossour # sellar, and for the brekin of divers and syndry sellaris and baernis, and # for the thiftuis steillin of diveris and syndry merchandice and wder stoufe, # that is to say, blak clayth, quhit clayth, lynnyn clayth, holand clayth, hardin, # sewin silk, pepper, saferin, bartane cammes, woull, yarne, walx, quhit bred, aiell, # flour, bair, benis, salt salmond, salt byeif, and diveris and syndry uder gair; the # quhilk he maid opyn confessioun of, opynly in the said fenssit court, in # presens of the saidis

provest, baillies, counssall and communite, beand present for # the tyme; the quhilk the said Robart broucht the instrumentis and war present # the tyme that he was forjuget, that is to say, ane coultyr of ane ploucht, # ane kee of ane pyp lok, ane ke of ane throucht lok and thre croukit irnis. The # said Robart grantit, in presens, that ane woman callit Esabell Gray, doulland in # Lynlythqw, tuk fra him of Agnes Lang gair, the nycht efter that he brak the said # Agnes bouit, thre ellis of holand clayth, viij ellis of hardin and ane bourd # of ane belt, and that he tuk never penne na penny wourcht for the said gair fra # the said Esabell; the quhilk he tuk on his sauil opynly befoir all man # thair beand present; [\that he sold four ells to "ane honest man callit # Stene of Carinbe dowlland in Lowdeane" for 28 s.; and\] that he saild all the # remanent of the said Agnes gair that he staw owt of hir bouit opynly in # Edinburgh on the mercat day, the quhilk he tuk on his sawill. [} [\30 MARCH 1528.\] }] James Watsoun is souerte that Andro Lyeisman sall have # justice of William Gillaspy on the [\blanco\] day of Aprile in the Queinis # grace court of Strivelingshire to be haldin in the tolbouit of Striveling be # hir bailye or factouris. It is ordinit and statut be the saidis provest and baillies # that na bailye rasaife ane resignation of ony land or landis within the # fredoum of the said burgh bot that Sir William Litstar be notar to the sammyn, gife # he be in the said burgh or may be apprehendit. [} [\27 JULY 1528.\] }] It was sufficiently provit be Johen of Schaw, bakstar, and # Thomas Symontoun that Andro Legat coft ane hors fra Andro Davesoun for # xxx s. and ane quart of aiell, without ony condicioun or restriccioun, and # the said Andro Legat in amerciament efter the forme of the borgh. [} [\7 AUGUST 1528.\] }] Master Robart Galbracht, prolocutour for Sir William # Symsoun, chaplane of Sanc Lawrens altar fundit and situat within the parocht kirk # of the said burgh, producit and schew ane fundacioun of the said # altar, makand mentioun quhar Sanc Lawrance Croft was gevin to the said altar # and to the chaplane tharof for the tyme.

The provest and baillies commandit James Lam, seriand, to # pas to twa rigis lyand on the norch est part of the croft of Sanc Lawrance # callit Sanc James rigis, and arrest all the cornes now growand on tham to # the instance of Sir William Symsoun, chaplane of Sanc Lawrance altar, becaus # the said Sir William allegit that the saidis twa rigis pertenis to Sanc # Lawrance altar, eftir the forme and tenor of hus fundacioun. [} [\5 OCTOBER 1528.\] }] It was fundin be the said inquist that Sir Johen Hountter # is lipyr and hais byne delatit in thre or four heid courtis of befoir, and # that he sould be put to ane desert without the burgh, as lypir men hes wsit # to be demanit in tymis bypast, for danger that ma incur eftirwart. Sir James Lokart was delatit be the said inquist that he was # lipyr. It is ordinit be the said inquist that the baillies sall # caus all metloumis, pyntis, quhartis and chopynnis, to cum to the tolbouit and met # and misour the sammyn, and quhar tha ar faltius to refourme tham as # efferis. Item, it is statut and ordinit be the foirsaid inquist, and # proclamit opynly at the mercat cors of the said burgh, that all martis young # and aild, all muttoun and syen, sall be had to the Bakraw to be saild and nocht to # ramane nor stand on the hee mercat gait, and that the offisaris caus the sam to # be keipit. Item, it is statut and ordinit that na flechour nor wderis # tak mair nor iiij d. for the brekin of ane mart and twa d. for brekin of ane # young best. Item, it is opynly proclemit at the mercat cros that ony # fleschour bringand muttoun to the mercat to sell that he bring the heid with the # sammyn, under the pane of asschetin of the muttoun. [} [\19 OCTOBER 1528.\] }] The saidis baillies and counssal beand present for the tyme # hais gevin the office of common clarkschip of the said burgh to Robyne # Cunnyngham for hus gud and sufficient serves to be doune be him and as # requiris to sic a burgh, and he to fynd sufficient causion for the sammyn. [} [\13 NOVEMBER 1528.\] }] The provest, baillies, counssal and communite, beand for the # tyme, hais grantit and gevin the commoun clarkschip of the said burgh to # Sir William

Litstar, chaplane, for ane yeir and forthir induring thar will, # and Archibald Dausoun to be substitut in the tyme. Peter Diksoun and Wille Talyour, allies Klafling, war banyst # this forsaid toun and syorne nevir to cum within the fredoum of the samyn, # and hais grantit gife tha can be apprehendit within the saidis bundis to # be tane and hangit without doum or law. [} [\18 JANUARY 1528-9.\] }] It was fundin be the said inquist that Sir Johen Hunttar, # chaplane, is liper and Sir James Lokart. It was statut and ordinit that na persoun nor personis set # out ony chemnayis with fyeir to kendill on the hee gait for danger to # cum tharof, under the pane of viij s. and the brekin of the chemnay. [} [\25 FEBRUARY 1528-9.\] }] Duncan Patonsoun offerit the compt of wmquhill David Crag, # thesawrar to his gud toune, and the buk tharof, to Johen Ackyne and # Allexander Watsoun to be in thar keipin on to the tyme that the saidis coumptis # war futtit befoir the saidis provest, baillies and counsall, of the said # burgh. Patric Clark, servand to our Soverane Lord the King, # presentit ane writtin of the Kingis grace to the provest and baillies of the # said burgh and requirit tham to put the sammyn to execussioun. [} [\5 APRIL 1529.\] }] Sir Johen Hounttar, chaplane, was fundin liper be the said # inquist and nocht sponsible to ramane with haill pepill. Sir James Lokart # was fundin lypyr. [} [\13 APRIL 1529.\] }] Pate Fyndelosoun was convicit be ane conding assis for the # creuall slakter of Johen Hammiltoun, soune and air to the lard of # Perdowy. [} [\21 JUNE 1529.\] }] Thir ar the nyemis of the hukstaris that ar ragratouris, as # is allegit, and tha have fundin souerte for tyme to cum to keip the statutis:- # James Lam souerte for Cristan Hendersoun; Cristan Hendersoun for hir # moder; [\here follow sureties for other twenty-five women.\]

Item, it is statut and ordinit that nane of thir fornemmit # hukstaris, na nane uderis within the fredoume of the said burgh, by ony fycht # quhill xj howris befoir noun, na fra xij howris quhill sex at ewin. Alssya, that nane of tham by butter, cheis, egis, foullis, corne, haye, foder, to # tap agane apon nebowris, wnder the pane of the wnlaw of viij s. onforgevin. [^CARNWATH BARONY COURT BOOK, 1523-1542. HM REGISTER HOUSE, SRO RH 3/10/892. EDITED BY KEITH WILLIAMSON, INSTITUTE FOR HISTORICAL DIALECTOLOGY, EDINBURGH, MARCH 1995. IN THIS EDITION, NOTICE THE USE OF HYPHENS TO COMBINE ELEMENTS IN PROPER NOUNS, THE RELATIVE CONSTRUCTION (E.G. the-q=lk=), ETC. THE TWO HANDS USED ARE IDENTIFIED BY H1 (HAND 1) AND H2 (HAND 2); SEE PARAMETERS ABOVE. SAMPLE 1: 23 JAN 1523/4, F1R (H1) SAMPLE 2: 13 NOV 1523, F1R-F1V (H1) SAMPLE 3: 23 JAN 1523/4, F1V-F2V (H1) SAMPLE 4: 20 MAY 1527, F43R-F44R (H2)^]

[\f1r\] [}23 JAN 1523/4}] The-q=lk= day Iame-greg callit & no=t= co~perit in m~seme~t of # my l court for falt of entres Pate-vilsoun & myldowr-howeson dolait ye-q=lk= day # Iohn-copland callit & no=t= co~perit i~ m~seme~t of my l court for falt of entres # as to ye secund court The-q=lk= day al ye te~na~d~ in newbiggi~ callit & no=t= # co~perit i~ m~seme~t of my l court for falt of entres as to ye nixt court ville-vilsoun & h~ vyf [\DELETION\] dolait to ye nixt court wille-gram~ borcht for rob-gram~ dolait to ye nixt cowrt twa sowmis set to my lord gangand In ye grenis & my l vill # tak yai~ & gyf he vil no=t= ye me~ y=t= yai vald haif [\BLANK\] to slay # yai~ [\INSERTED ABOVE LINE\] as ye stilis of ye vitsonday court ye i~queist find~ ye vij me~ In ye vrang

[\f1r\] [}13 NOV 1523}] The-q=lk= day my lord folloit in court all ye te~na~d~ of # q=d=que~ for ye gangin vi=t= y~ corn fra h~ mill ye-q=lk= day yai haif brokin # ye stilis of my lord~ vitsonday court

[\f1v\] The-q=lk= day besse-eld~ ye spous of Ihon-baxstar # oft-tymis callit & no=t= co~perit Is i~ m~seme~t of my lord~ court for falt of # entres~ as to ye first court The-q=lk= day my l folloit in court ye gud-vyf of mossat for # ye non-furnissin of ane cariage in-to ye king~ veris for ye-Q=lk= he gart reist ye gudd~ on ye grownd & [\the goods\] Is vn-lowsit +git for # ye-q=lk= he hef folloit hyr for ye brekin dolait to ye nixt court of ye said fence ye i~queist ordanit ye gud-vyf to put hir in # my lord~ vill The-q=lk= day my l folloit i~ court Ihon-farle oft-tymis # callit & no=t= c~perit for ye brekin of h~ fens ye i~queist ca~ no=t= quit hi~ of ye # brekin of ye fens The-q=lk= day Iohn-pu~fra folloit in court andro-Ihonston # oft-tymis callit & no=t= co~perit for ye vrangus takin fra hi~ of ane ox The inqueist fynd~ ye ox testit gud The-q=lk= day Iohn of twodell & Ihon of Dy=t=mu~t folloit ye # land of ye newk for-to rekky~ [\SCORED THROUGH\] releif [\INSERTED # ABOVE LINE\] yai~ of ye borrowis y=t= yai war for # Iohn-som~w=ell= to kat~in ye spous of vil-som~well ye i~queist dolais yis mat~ quhil yai be ferder avyssit & speir ye man~

[}23 JAN 1523/4}] [\f1v\] The-q=lk= day robert l maxwell oft-tymis callit & no=t= # co~perit i~ m~seme[{nt{] of my lord~ court fo=r= falt of p~ns as for ye heid court for # h~ la~d~ of ab~... [\EDGE OF FOLIO LOST\] The-q=lk= day ye laird of inn~grana~ oft-tymis callit & # no=t= co~perit Is i~ m~seme~t of my l court for falt of entres as to ye heid # court

[\f2r\] The-q=lk= day vil-Inglis of he~schelwod oft-tymis # callit & no=t= co~p=e=rit Is i~ m~seme~t of my lord~ court for falt of entres~ as he at # held vp h~ hand y~-to as for ye first court The-q=lk= day elesabeth-ha~myltoun oft-tymis callit & # no=t= co~perit Is in m~seme~t of my l court for falt of entres as scho y=t= fand # borrowis y~-to & yis Is for ye first court [\NAMES OF THE INQUEST\] The-q=lk= day thom-Iust~ # oft-tymis callit & no=t= co~perit i~ m~seme~t of my lord~ court for falt of entres of sy~me-brown as for ye # first court [\BLANK\] mychell-thomson borcht for Ihon-veir dolait The-q=lk= day Ihon of snaip folloit i~ [\INSERTED\] court # thom-vintnar for ye brekin of ane hous~ of h~ & takin away of ye ty~mer y~-of Dolait to # nixt & [\the inquest\] ordanis Ihon of snaip to bring h~ preiff~ # to ye nixt court Dolait The-q=lk= day symond-snaip oft-tymis callit & no=t= co~perit # Is i~ m~seme~t of my lord~ court for falt of entres as to ye # first court til he haif ansverit to thom-vintnar The-q=lk= day vil-vatson eld~ i~ cersvell oft callit & no=t= # co~perit Is in iij m~seme~t~ of my l court for falt of entres till haif # ansverit to thre syndry p~teis ane vas til ye laird of Iarisvod ane-vd~ to ye ij # valkar~ ye thrid to ansver to Daue-makcarmu~d as to ye first court

[\f2v\] The-q=lk= day ye laird of Iarisvod folloit i~ court # vil-vatsoun & he e~t~it no=t= & ye laird of Iarisvod dosyrit at my lord to proced # c~sid~and at it vas stowth & reif & my lord put furth ye p~ty put it on ane # int~loq~to~ of ye haill court ye haill court ordanit to be tan~ sykar sou~te y=t= y~ # suld sa-mekill furth cu~and to ye nixt court & ya~ to a~sver [\DELETION\] # ye-q=lk= day ye i~queist ordanit [\END DELETED\] The-q=lk= day ye i~queist ordanit vill-vatsoun~ to pay # iij-s~ to valkar~ for ye ska=t= vas fund doun~ to ye hous~ The-q=lk= day lowre-vawcht [\DELETION\] folloit # costa~tyn-thomsoun~ [\SIC\] xxj-s~ for iij f~lott~ of ber as malt +geid derest & vd~ iij f~lott~ of ber ix-s~ & y=t= he # gra~t~ & he gra~t~ ij-s~ for iiij +gow~ mylk & xiiij-d of silu~ gra~tit & ye # i~queist ordanis ye said costa~tyn to gyf ye said lowre ba=t= iij f~lott~ of ber~ # as it gang~ now & yai ordand lowre of law ij-s~ to costa~tyn for h~ sowm The-q=lk= day Iame-kello folloit in court thom-som~well & for ye ij geis~ dolait & ordanis thom-som~well to bring ye ij # preiff~ to ye kyrk of q=d=que~ befor robert-chanslar or quha~ my l vil ordan The-q=lk= day my lord folloit helin-chanslar for ye brekin # of h~ fens & scho abse~tit hir & Is i~ m~seme~t of my l court for falt of # entres as ye first court The-q=lk= day helin-chanslar oft-tymis callit & no=t= # co~perit Is i~ m~seme~t of my l court for falt of entres as to ye first court to haif # a~suerit to robert-chanslar The-q=lk= day my lord folloit thome-vatson ye i~queist ca~ no=t= fynd ye offesar vas forfet The-q=lk= day ville-gram~ oft-tymis callit & no=t= co~perit # Is i~ m~seme~t of my l court for falt of entres of robe-gram~ h~ brud~ & Is borch to # ye nixt court to ent~ hy~ [\COURT CONTINUES ON F3R\]

[}20 MAY 1527}] [\f43r\] (\apud siluam de couthelle\) [\NAMES OF THE INQUEST\] # ITheme in ye first my lord ordanis and c~feirmes all stillis & # statuttis maid be him i~ his last vetsonday curt and vy~ curtt~ by-gane # till be keipit and admitit and siklik in yis vetsonday curt w=t= sik # adicionis as he Thinkis exspedient to be eikit y~-to The-q=lk= day Iame-purde followit dawe-morpet for ye # wrangws distrucione of his corne i~ de-falt of ye vphalding of his # dik ye said dauid-morpet followit ye said Iames-purde for ye # distrucione of his corne i~ defalt of his dik i~ lykwice ye Inqueist # fynd~ thame bay=t= i~ ye wit of yair dikis & ordanis ilk-ane to # meid vy~ y~ skaith ilk-ane of thame is i~ ane m~ciment of ye curt # for ye samy~ & dome gevin y~vpone The-quhilk day Ionat-loug-ane followit will-courttas for # ye wrangus taking & w=t=-halding of ane hewing ax ye said # vill courtass said he did it at ye c~mand of ye berla-men ye # Inqueist ordanis ye berla-men to deliu~ [\the\] woma~ hir ax agane & # he [\is\] i~ ane m~ciment of ye court for ye samy~ & dome gevin y~vpone The-quhilk day Ihone of dechtmont followit Ihone-vatsone # will-courttas dauide-eldar for ye wrangus taking of ane pot # fra him ye Inqueist o~danis ye said porssonis to deliu~ him his pot agane and he to pay it at tha wald mak fai=t= he was awand

[\f43v\] The-quhilk day thome-semsone followit Ihone of wod # for ye wrangus taking of his meir & laing laidis on hir at his awin hand ye said Ihone deniyt [\BLANK\] ye Inqueist fynd~ at he Intrometit w=t= his meir and o~danis him to pay xij-d # to to [\SIC\] ye said thom-semsone y~for ye said Ihone of wod is # i~ ane m~ciment of ye curt and dome gevin y~-vpone The-quhilk day thomas-schesle followit i~ curt Ihone of # tuodell in carnwy=t= for ye wrangus lauburing & w=t=halding fra him of ane reg of land i~ his croft & of ane-vy~ pece of land i~ # his hauc p~tenand to him & of his malling y=t= he payit malle for ye-quhilk land he w=t=hald fra him wrangusly be ye space of xvj +geiris by-gane and sowmis his skaith y~of ilk +geir # to iij boll~ of aitt~ w=t= ye mair ye-qlk land ye said # thomas-schesle alegit & said vas areistit be will+geme-elddar my lordis officar at ye c~mand of his pressep qlk [\DELETION\] reistment vas maid # befoir candillmes at last vas y=t= ye said Ihone of tuodell suld no=t= # laubur ye said reg of land in ye croft & ye pece land in ye hauce till ye ry=t= y~of war dissidit y~of be ye ny=t=buris ye-qlk # ye said Ihone of tuodell had dissabayit & lauburit ye samy~ land wrangusly ye reistment vnlousit qlk he may no=t= deny and ye said thomas-schesle disirit y=t= he my=t= be rastorit # to ye land y=t= p~tenit to his malling y=t= he payit malle for and at he # my=t= be payit of ye skaith of ye +geiris bygane ye said Ihone of tuodell anssurit and denyt y=t= he had ony land of his o~ at # p~tenit to his malling o~ lauburit ony land bot it at p~tenit to his awne malling & offirit & was c~tentit y=t= vas sene be ye ny=t=buris & ye Inqueist quhilk Inqueist pasit fortht of curt & callit diu~s~ wetnes and diu~s~ of y~ ny=t=buris qlk was suorne i~ Iugment & y~eft~ come befoir ye said Inqueist to be sene & c~sedirit quhome to ye saidis land p~tenit ye-qlk wetnes & ny=t=buris declarit befoir ye said Inqueist & preif be y~ greit aith y=t= ye said reg of croft land & but of hauce land p~tenit to ye said thomas-schesleis malling and at he had ry=t= y~to & it was wrangusly haldin fra him and at he was skaitit [\SIC\] +geirly ij bollis of aitt~ w=t= ye mair throw ye vantting of ye said land be ye-qlk preifis & ny=t=buris & [\DELETION\] vy~ # diu~s~ ressonis ye said Inqueist beand ryply awysit come in court agane & deliu~it all i~ ane wos~ be ye mouth of Ihone-browne schancellar of ye Inqueist yat ye said Ihone of tuodell had done wrang i~ lauburing & w=t=halding # of ye said reg of croft land & but of hauc land

[\f44r\] fra ye said thomas-schesle and suld restor & deliu~ ye # samy~ agane to him & als suld rafownd c~tent & pay to ye said thomas-schesle ij boll~ of aitt~ for ilk +geir of ye xvj # +geiris bygane o~ ye price y~of of ye-qlk deliu~ance ye baill+ge gart geif dome y=t= ye said Ihone of tuodell was i~ ane m~ciment of ye curt for ye samy~ & y~vpone gaif dome i~ dew form as afferit y~eft~ ye said thomas-schesle askit ye rolment of ye curt i~ Iugment qlk was grantit [^EXTRACTS FROM THE RECORDS OF THE BURGH OF EDINBURGH, 1403-1589. ED. J.D. MARWICK. VOL. II. SCOTTISH BURGH RECORDS SOCIETY. EDINBURGH 1871. SAMPLE 1: PP. 104.1-105.25 SAMPLE 2: PP. 111.1-111.10 SAMPLE 3: PP. 115.8-116.30 SAMPLE 4: PP. 128.1-128.20 SAMPLE 5: PP. 136.6-137.8 SAMPLE 6: PP. 143.4-143.26 SAMPLE 7: PP. 151.24-153.8^]

[} [\14 MARCH 1540-1.\] }] Item, tuiching the reparationis and mending of difformyteis # within the town of Edinburgh, and specialie quhair thair is commoun # passagis and enteressis, quhairby all strangearis and vtheris our Souerane Lordis # liegis passis and repassis, it is thocht expedient, and als it is ordanit, # that the provest, baillies, and counsale of Edinburgh gar warne and charge all # maner of personis that hes ony landis biggings and waistis vpoun the west syde # of Leith Wynde, that thai within yere and day big and repare honestlie thair # saidis waistis and ruynous housis, and that thai begin to the samin within # thre monethis, and that thai end the samyn within yere and day, or ellis sell # the samin to vtheris to be biggit within the said space; and to charge # thame that ar knawin personalie and all vtheris be oppin proclamatioun at the # merket croce of Edinburgh, with certificatioun to thame and thai failye the saidis # provest and baillies sall caus the saidis landis tenementis and waistis to be # apprisit and sall sell the samin to ony that will by thame and pay the prices thairof # to the awnaris, and giff na man will by thaim it salbe lefull to the saidis # provest and ballies to cast doun the saidis waist landis and with the stuff and # stanis thairof big ane honest substantious wall fra the port of the Nether Bow to # the Trinite College; and it sall nocht be lefull in tymes cuming to ony # maner of persoun to persew thame nor thair successouris thairfor nor pretend ony # rycht or enteres thairto in tyme tocum, nowthir for the principale land nor for # anuellis awing furth thairof. And becaus the est syde of the said wynde # pertenis to the abbot and convent of Halyrudhous, it is ordanit that the baillies of # the Cannongait gar siclik be done vpoun the said est syde. And als becaus of # the vilite that cumis be slaying of flesche be the flescheouris, duelland on # the est syde and temyng of interellis of beistis, generand corruptioun, it is # therefor ordanit that the samin be forbidden be the provest and baillies of # Edinburgh and Cannongait, vnder the pane of confiscatioun of all sic flesche slane be # thaim in maner forsaid. Item, becaus the merkett of mele and vtheris wittalis off # the town of Edinburgh, is commoun vpoun the hie gaitt to the sicht of all maner of # personis strangearis and vtheris, and that ane multitude of vyle # vnhonest and meserable creatouris convenis to the said merket daily to gett thair # sustentatioun and

leving; tharefore it is thocht expedient that the said meile # merkett be removit of the hie gaitt in sum honest ganand and convenient place # quhair the nychtbouris of the said toun and vtheris the Kingis liegis may convene for # selling and bying of sic vittales in tymes to cum. [} [\2 APRIL 1541.\] }] The quhilk day, the prouest, baillies, and counsale of the # burgh of Edinburgh, with the commissaris of burrois vnderwrittin, that ar to say, # the comissaris of Aberdene, Perth, Striueling, Linlithqu, Dunde, # comperand anent the materis concerning the commoun weill of the haill # burrois in the Tolbuth of Edinburgh, and in speciall anent their stapill: # Consentis and thinkis at the nixt mercat to pass to the port and toun in # Flandaris of the Dukis landis that will gyf and grant to thame maist and # greitast priuelegis; and gyf it war the Kingis Grace plesour erar to Myddilburgh # nor Campheir, sua that the toun of Campheir grantit nocht nor gaif thame # larger priuelegis nor Myddilburgh. And anent the doungetting of the xij. d. and # new impositioun maid in France thairof upon ilk frank, consenttis # that gif ane greit personage be directit fra the Kingis Grace to the King # of France for doungetting of the saidis xij d., that they sall extent # thairfor as efferis; and gyf ane personage of les degre beis directit, consenttis # till do thairin as the burgh of Edinburgh, thay being referrit thairto; and # thinkis expedient till advertice oure Souerane Lord for expeditioun in the # mater, because it concernis the hale burrois and commoun weill thairof.

[} [\4 OCTOBER 1542.\] }] It is statute and ordanit be, etc., That all maner of # persouns haifand ony cruvis for swyne at thair stairis and sydewallis fornent # the hie streitt or in commoun venellis, and siclyke that hes middings and fuilyie # collectit, or hes tarbarrellis in the hie streitt, remoue the samyn incontinent # within six dayes nixt heirafter, vnder the payne of xviij s. till be taikin but # favour and applyit to the calsy; certefeand thame and thai failyie thairin, the # said xviij s. sall be tayne of ilk ane of thame and applyit to the said calsay, and # thair said cruvis cassin downe and destroyit with all rigour, thair fuilyie # disponit vpoun, and thair tar barrell heidis strikin vp.

[} [\31 JANUARY 1543-4.\] }] The provest baillies and counsale havand consideratioun of # the greitt frawde be the taverneris and vthers be thair wrang mesures and # mettage, and for eschewing thairof in tyme cuming, hes statute and ordanit # that all nychtbures within this burgh in tyme cuming fra this day furth haif # stowppis of mesour with tawponis in the hals, merket with the townis merk # as vse is in vther pairts, quhilk mark is devysit and gevin to Jhone # Maxtoun to be kepit and vsit be him in tyme to cum as he will ansuer to the guid # towne, and that nane tak vpoun hand to mak or feynyie the said mark and stowpis # for breking of guid ordour fra thyne furth, vnder the payne of spayning # fra the occupatioun, bot that ilk nychtbour cum to the said Jhonis buith at the # heid of Halkerstouns wynd quhen thai haif neid, and gett the same done be him and # na vthers, as he will ansuer thairfore, and als that all taverneris within this # burgh in tyme cuming sett the said stowppis of mesour to the pvnscheoun heid, and # fill the same thairat, swa that na wyne be resauit be inmetting with # taverneris stowppis, and that ilk nychtbour caus mak his stowppis in this maner be the # said Jhone Maxtoun, vnder the payne of escheitt of thair stopis thai are # fund in vtherwayes, to be applyitt to the baillies vse that apprehendis the same, # and vnder payne of xl s. to be taikin of the tavernares gif thai failyie for # thair part. [} [\25 FEBRUARY 1543-4.\] }] It is statute and ordanit be the provest baillies and # counsale, that in tyme cuming that thair be na clarett nor quhyte wyne be sawld # darrer than xvj d. the pynt, als that the Romany wyne be sawld na darrer than for # ij s. the pynt,

and that the saidis wynis be nocht sawld priuatly bot commonly # till all our Souerane Lordeis lieges, vnder the payne of escheitt of all # the wynis being in the taverne quhair sic wynis ar sawld or in hiddillis. [} [\23 MARCH 1544-5.\] }] It is statute and ordanit that na maner of persoun by ony # malt in this merkett without thai be fremen of this towne, and to brew to # serue the Quenis grace lieges, and nocht to regraitt the samyn, vnder the payne # of escheitt of the stufe in the byaris hands gif thai can be apprehendit doand in # the contrair. [} [\1 JUNE 1545.\] }] It is statute and ordanit be the prouest baillies and # counsale, that all maner of persouns that hes ony pleyis to persew or defend # before the saidis prouest and baillies, that thai be reddy in the tolbuith # betuix xj houris befoir none, with certificatioun and the compleiner be nocht reddy # and gif in his bill at that hour he sall nocht be hard for that day, and gif the # defendare be reddy to ansuer at the call he sall be vnlawet and pay his vnlaw, # without favour, according to the lawes of the burgh, and gif the persewer and # defender be puir and may nocht pay the vnlaw thai sall be pvnist in thair # persouns. [} [\9 JUNE 1545.\] }] It is statute and ordanit be the prouest baillies and # counsale, that all maner of baxteris dwelland outwith this burgh baik thair breid guid # and sufficient stufe weill baikin and dryit, and at thair ij d. laif wey xxj # vnce, and the iiij d. laif xlij vnce, vnder the pane of escheitt of the samyn, and # at nane bring breid to the merkatt to sell bot penny breid, iiij d. breid, vj d., # viij d., and xij d. breid, vnder the pane of escheitt of the samyn, and at nane bring # insufficient stufe to the merkatt to sell, vnder the said paine. That na maner of browster nor dry topster within this burgh # sell ony darrer aills nor now is sawld, viz. for ij d. the pynt, vnder # the pane of banessing the towne.

[} [\11 JULY 1547.\] }] GUBERNATOR: Prouest and bailleis of the burgh of Edinburgh # we greit yow hertlie wele: Forsamekle as we wrait to yow of # befoir desyring yow to superseid all calling and proceding crymenalie aganis Adame # Liddale, for the slauchter of vmquhile William Quhit, quhil he wer habill # to travell to the tolbuith without danger of his lif be his woundis; at the # desyre of the quhilkis writtingis ye haif supersedit the said Adame bot quhill # Tyisday nixtocum; Heirfor we exhort and prayis yow rycht effectuislie, and als # requires and chargeis yow and siclik our Souerane Ladeis iustices iustice # clerkis and thair deputis, that ye and thai desist and ceis fra all calling and # proceding aganis the said Adame Liddall for the said slauchter vnto the last day of # Julii instant, that in the meintyme it may be knawn quhither he de or mend of # his woundis, ye takand sufficient cautioun and souertie that the said Adame # sall nocht eschew nor be taken away be his freindis in the meintyme in # hindering of justice, dischargeing yow the saidis provest and bailleis and # our saidis our Souerane Ladeis iustice iustice clerkis and thair deputis all # vtherwayis of all proceding aganis the said Adame for the said slauchter, and of your and # thair offices in that pairt respectiue be thir our letteres quhill # the said day: Subscriuit with our hand and vnder our signet, at Linlythgow the xj day # of Julii, the yeir of God j=m= v=c= and xlvii yeiris, JAMES G. [} [\20 JULY 1547.\] }] It is statute and ordanit that all irne that beis inbrocht # to this port of Leyth be brocht vp to the Ovir Trone and weyit thairat in tyme # cuming, vnder the payne of escheitt of the irne that beis fundin weyit # in Leyth or vthers pairts by the said trone.

The said Walter Young, tutor forsaid for himself and in name # and behalf of the said Katerine his pupill, nammit and chesit Jhone Hart # induellar of the Canogate besyde Edinburgh, and Thomas Boyis baxtar and burges # of Edinburgh, for thaim of that ane part, and the said Henry Watson for # himself and the said Jonet his spous, nemmit and chesit James Brown of the # West Port, and Mychaell Henrison baxter, burgessis of Edinburgh, for thaim on # the vther part, to apprise to arschip gudis wnderwrittin pertenyng to the said # Katrine threw the deceis of vmquhill Jhone Young hir fader, now presentlie # beying in the saidis Henry and Jonet handis and possessioun. Quhilkis personis and # appresarris forsaidis respectiue with consent of baith the saidis parteis wer sworn # in thar presens to lelyle and trewlie apprise the samyn gudis, and the parteis # inlykwys to abyde thairatt and appresit the samyn as followis: In the # fyrst ane gray hors to x merkis, ane blak bonet lynit with taffytye, and ane # pair of blak hoys to xvi s., ane blak Spanye cloyk of France blak to iiii # libris, ane schort coitt of Inglis grene to x s., ane dowblott of blak fustane to # xii s., ane sark v s., ane lynnyng burdclath and ane towell, iii s, vi d., ane buyrd # and from stule and rowndale xlviii s., ane langsadill v s., ane irne chymnay # with rakkis cruke tangis and speitt xlv s., ane stand bed with bowster scheittis # blankettis cod couerlet and rufe lii s., ilk pund wecht of the best brasin # pott gardyng chandlar and pan to xv d., ilk pund wecht of tin of the best chargeour # seruice plaite conterfutt dysche trunscheour quart pynte and chopyn stowpis # of tyn to xx d., the best kyst to xvi d., ane meit almarye to xiiii s., ii # tubbis xii d., ane bathsket with windinclaith syf ryddill sek and peyk x s., ane harro # sled hemmis and carsadill iiii s., ane ryddyng sadill and ane laid sadill to # xx s., ane irne graip and ferlott vii s., ane flesche fatt ane quheill and ane pair # of cardis to v s. And thairefter the said Walter Young protestit in name and # behalf forsaid that the said apprysing hurt nocht nor did na preiudice to the # said Katerine and him incais thai mycht preif ony mair airschip gudis quhilk # aucht to pertene to the said Katerine threw hir said faderis deceis or yit vther # better

arschip gudis than the forsaidis gudis abon appresit, bott # that thai mycht call thairfore tyme and place competent as law will. And thairefter # the said Henry for himself and the said Jonet his spous offerit him than # presentlie reddye to deliuer the saidis arschip gudis abon appresit to the said # Walter tutor forsaid he fyndand him sufficient cautioun thairfore that in # cais ony skaith or danger hapinit tharthrew in tyme cumyng that the samyn be # imputt to the said Walter and nocht to him or his said spous, or that # thai be nocht oblist to ansuer thairfore fra this tyme furth. (\Super quibus # dictus Walterus et Henricus nominibus quibus supra hinc inde petiierunt a me # notario instrumentum. Acta infra locum habitationis dicti Henrici situatum extra # portam occidentalem burgi de Edinburgh in suburbanis eiusdem horam # circiter xii in meridie anno ut supra: Testibus Joanne Henryson, Alexandro # Mason, et magistro Thoma Young notario publico.\)

[} [\23 NOVEMBER 1548.\] }] The maltmen for breking warde adiugeit be avyse of the # assessoris to pay ilk ane iij li., to remayne in warde quhill mess, and thai to # offer to the hie altare ilk ane ane walx candill of ane quarter wecht to St # Geill, to ask the provest baillies and counsale forgifenes, to pay the vnlaw or # thai cum furth with the lv s. vnlaw contenit in the statutes or fynd souerty # actit. It is statute and ordanit be the prouest baillies and # counsale that ane baillie or ma pas with the officeris and discharge all maner # of regratouris and vthers within this burgh to by butter cheis eggis frute fische # hering or siclyke stufe to sell agane, except swa mony as ar fremen, fremenis # wyffes, and beis admittit be the guid towne, and sall find souerty actit in the # buikis for keping of the statutes of the towne, vnder the payne of escheitt of # the stufe that beis apprehendit bocht be ony vthers and pvnissioun of thair # persouns, and that na frute wyffes stand on the hie gaitt bot on the mercat dayes, # vnder the paynes foresaidis. [} [\24 NOVEMBER 1548.\] }] For eschewing of pest seiknes and evill savour that all # persouns haiffand middings mwk and fuilyie in the Hie gaitt, Kowgait, or commoun # venellis; and siclyke all persouns haiffand brynt landis or fallin downe # caus clenge and carie away the filth thairin betuix this and Thurisday nixttocum and # thairafter to steik vp in massie wall the durris and windois of thair said # brynt land to the effect that na filth be gadderit thairin vnder the payne of xl # s. to be tane of ilk persoun that failyeis heirin, but favouris.

[} [\24 FEBRUARY 1550-1.\] }] The baillies and counsale ordanis the butter mercatt to be # in the fleschous quhill the Passioun owlk nixttocum, be ressoun that the samyn # is regraittet quhair it is now. [} [\25 FEBRUARY 1550-1.\] }] We do yow to witt: Forswamekill as thair is ane act of # parliament maid

be vmquhill our Souerane Lord of guid mynd that last # deceissit, quhome God assolyie, ratefeand and apprevand the acts of parliament maid # be vmquhill King James the Thrid and King James the Ferd, quhome God assoilyie, # twicheand merchands passand furth of the realme with merchandice to # France, Flanderis, or ony vther pairts, that na merchand saill without he haif # half ane last of guids of his awin, or ellis in governance as factour to vther # merchands, to be putt to executioun in all poynts, and thairfore ordanit the prouest # and baillies of burrowes situat at ilk port of this realme to serche and seik the # persouns brekkares of the said statutes and that thai distreyngyie ilk persoun # brekkare thairof for the sowm of xx li. to be applyet on this wyse: - the ane half to # our Souerane Ladeis vse, and the vther half to the saidis prouest [{and{] baillies # for thair lawbouris; and gif the prouest and baillies be negligent in the exerceing # of thair offices gevin to thame that thay sall be oblist to pay the said xx li. # for ilk man that passis and saillis contrair the said act at the port quhair # thai haif jurisdictioun; and als it wes ordanit that na skippers, maisters, awneris of # schips, resaue any merchants to saill in thair schips without thai haif the names # of thame in tikkatt subscryvet be the saidis prouest and baillies hands, # vnder the payne foresaid, for ilk persoun that thai resaue, - as at mair lenth # is contenit in the said acts of parliament maid thairvpoun; and als that thair is # ane writting subscryuet be my Lord Gouernouris Grace makand mentioun that # his Grace is suirly informit of the evill bruitt and lichtleing of this # realm and lieges thairof in pairts of Flanderis and France be passing of certane # sempill persouns thair in merchandice cled in vyle array, and speciallie sen the # treting of this last peice with Flanderis; and for the eschewing thairof, and willing # that the said act of parliament be keipit, ordanit and als commandit and chairget # the prouest of Edinburgh that thai diligently causit attend at the port and # heavin of Leyth and all sic pairts within the fredome of Edinburgh that na sic # merchandis pas be sey to the pairts foresaidis haueand les guidis nor is # contenit in the said acts of parliament, reservand the effect thairof to the said # prouest to be obseruit and sett furth be him in all poynts, as at mair lenth is # contenit in the said writting direct thairvpoun. Quhairfore I command and chairge # in our Souerane Ladeis name, my lord gouernouris grace, and in name and behalf # of the prouest

baillies and counsale of this burgh, that na maner of persoun # tak vpoun hand to saill fra this port of Leyth to France, Flanderis, or vther # pairts our sey, in merchandice, without thai haif swa mony guidis as half ane last # guidis of thair awin or in gouernance conform to the tenour of the saidis acts # of parliament, and vnder the payne contenit thairin; and that na skipper, # maister or awners of schips, resaue ony merchants to saill in thair schips # without thai haif thair names subscryuet be the prouest and baillies, vnder the payne # foresaid specifiet in the said act. [^CHARTERS AND DOCUMENTS RELATING TO THE BURGH OF PEEBLES, WITH EXTRACTS FROM THE RECORDS OF THE BURGH, 1165-1710. ED. W. CHAMBERS. SCOTTISH BURGH RECORDS SOCIETY. EDINBURGH 1872. SAMPLE 1: PP. 206.21-228.3 SAMPLE 2: PP. 318.11-356.33^]

[}8 APRIL 1555.}] The quhilk day, Johne Dikesone protestit that he knew nocht # the tovn evident and allegit chartour and desyrit to se the samin, the # quhilk the baillies refusit, and that the denegatioun thairof till him # suld nocht hurt his gift that he had purchest of the Quenis grace quhill he knew # thair allegit title thai haif to the landis contenit in the said Johne gift, and # that the persut of the Quenis rycht be na preiudice till his fredome ay and # quhill he se thair rycht. To the samin ansuerit my lord provest, baillies and # communite, that thai auch nocht to schaw na chartour nor euident to the said Johne # be ressone that he wes party and na competent juge till thame, and als # that he hes hurt his fredome be ressone that he hes purchest privat # writtingnis aganis the tovn in hurt of thair commoun weill and incontrare the # fidelite of his aith considering he wes ane sworne nychtbour.

Alsua, the said Johne protestit that the allegeance maid be # my lord provest, baillies and counsale of Peblis, suld nocht hurt the # said Johne fredome becaus the Quenis Graces precept that he hes obtenit is # in generale till all and sindry havand entres thairto and nocht in speciale # to the tovne, and that he is content to pretermit the Quenis tak sua the # tovne haif ane rycht thairto, and that it is ignorant errour and nocht wilful, # gif it be found ony, and thairupone the said Johne askit instrument. The counsale chosing for commoun actiones setting forward: # [^LIST OF NAMES OMITTED^] . The counsale abone writting ordanis the baillies, accumpanit # with certane honest nychtbouris, pas and mak thair wechtis, baith # custum and wobstaris, les and mair, equale; and to deliuer the samin to # John Wilsone, and caus the brethir of the craft vse thame and na vtheris, # vnder the pane of forfalting of thair fredome. Siclike, ordanis to atteiche the maltmen that duellis within # the fredome of burgh to the nixt court for to mak and gif ane multer aith # for the termes bygane, and fynd souerte in tyme cuming to kepe the actis maid # of auld, vnder the pane of forfalting of thair fredome, or ellis to # aggre with the tovne. The counsale ordanis ane of the baillies, accumpanit with # Robert Hopringill, James Wilsone, John Wychtman, to ryde on Pasche Monunday to set forward all besynes thai haif ado, as thair fair dayis, # Gledstanis besynes, letteres of the landwart merchandice, breking of our commoun of # Glentres be Winkestoun, Eschelis, and trubling maid be Johne Stodert, and # all vtheris that hes failyeit in vsing and breking of our said commoun. The counsale ordanis tua of ilk quarter breik the laif of # thair nychtbouris duelland within the fredom of burgh to the pissance of thair # geir, viz., Robert Hoppringill, Patrik Gowane, for thair quarter; James # Wilsone, William Bell, for thair quarter; Nicholl Yache, James Tuedy, for thair # quarter;

Thomas Tuedy, Johne Fresall, for thair quarter; James Thorbrand # and Johne Wilsone, for the Auld Tovn. The counsale ordanis the portis and heid yaird dykis to be # biggit sufficientlie incontinent. Siclike ordanis to get the copy of the petty custummis of # Edinburgh that our custummis may be vsit thairby. The quhilk day, my lord provest is contentit with all # thingis done this day be the baillies counsale and communite, and sall stand # thairby, conforme till his aith maid quhen he wes admittit provest, in all # materis concernyng commoun weill presentlie and in tyme tocum, and ratifijs all # thingis forsaid, and thairupone the baillies counsale and communite askit act # and instrument. [}22 APRIL 1555.}] The burro court of Peblis, haldyn in the tolbuth of Peblis, # the xxij day of Aprile yere of God j=m= v=c= and lv yeris, be Rolland Scot # baillie of the said burgh, the suttis callit, the court affirmit, the absentis in # ane merciament, Andro Robesone, dempstare; Mongo Williamsone, Adam Gilleis, # officiaris; and Sir Johne Allane, clerk. The outland burgessis absentis: [^LIST OF NAMES OMITTED^] . The quhilk day, Patrik Thomsone, Alexander Kirk, Johne # Thomsone, outland burgessis, wes warnit personalie in jugement to mak # residence within the fredome of burgh, conforme to thair aith maid # thairupone, betvix this and Witsonday, or ellis thai suld be dischargit of thair # fredome. The juge ordanit George Stodert, be his awne consent, to pay # termelie to Jonet Scot, relict of vmquhile maister Johne Hay, the annuell # of his hous at the brig and on the Castelhill in tymes cuming efferand to # the deliuerance

of the actis maid afore the Thre Estatis of the brynt # annuellis, and failyene that the said George Stodert pay nocht termelie the # said annuell, sua that he failye thairintil thre termes, the said land sall # returne agane frelie to the said Jonet and hir airis, conforme to the saising # geving thairupone. (\Inquisitio\) : [^LIST OF NAMES OMITTED^] . The quhilk day, William Kid producit the register of the # testamentis within the jurisdictioun of Stobo, in the quhilk wes insert the # testament of vmquhile Walter Huntare of Polmude, quhair Johne Huntare wes # executour lauchfullie constitut and nominat be the mouth of the said # vmquhile Walter, as wes contenit in the said vmquhile Walter testament, (^ (\ex # data\) ^) xxiij (\die mensis Julii anno Domini\) etc., xlix=o=, apone the quhilk # productioun the said William askit instrument. Andro Alexander younger, prolocutour for Thomas Alexander # his broder, tuk instrument that maister William Newdry, scoilmaister, # confessit that he band Thome Alexander handis in way of correctioun as he allegit # as his awne disciple, and continewis the rest of the bill to the nixt # court. [^A RECORD IN LATIN OMITTED.^]

[}4 MAY 1555.}] The burro curt of Peblis, haldin in the tolbuth of that ilk, # be the provest, baillies, counsale and communite of the said burgh ... Assisa: [^LIST OF NAMES OMITTED^] The quhilk day, James Stensone and Stene Greif ar chosing to # collect and gadder the multure of the commoun milnis quhill Lammes day at # xij houris nixt heirefter followand, and to mak just compt and payment # thairof to the provest baillies counsale and communite of the said burgh.

William Dikesone of Winkestoun confessit in jugement that he # wald stand with the commoun weill of the tovne to fortify the samin # to his vter power in all thingis, nochtwithstanding ony contrare part Johne # Dikesone, his sone, wald purches in contrare the tovne or thair liberte # and fredome. [}6 MAY 1555.}] The burro curt of Peblis, haldyn in the tolbuth of that ilk, # be Rowe Scot baillie of Peblis ... Assisa: [^LIST OF NAMES OMITTED^] The quhilk day, Alexander Tait of Pirne, scheref deput of # Selkirk, replegit Helene Brovntoun fourth of this court to the scheref court of # Selkirk to be haldyn on the [\blank\] day of Maii instant and gaif his aith # to do justice, and fand Thomas Tuedy souerte to do the samin in all actioun # and besynes that William Cheisholme hes to say aganes hir, and the said # lard souirte to releif him. The quhilk day, Robert Murro wes creat burges and mad his # aith as vse is, and fand his hand and his land to do thai thingis that # concernit till his aith for scotting lotting walkyng warding gud rewill keping, and to # pay his burges siluer to my lord Robene Hude. Johne Stodert younger, prolocutour for his fader, confessit # in jugement that he tuk fra Robert Andersone and Mertin Craufurd thair # spadis quha wes vsand casting of tirvis at the counsale and communite # command on the Sonysyde, as ane part and pertinentis of thair commonte, and # thairupone the baillie and communite for the tyme askit instrument and act # of court. The inqueist ordanis all dettis and restis of comptis to be # payit instantlie as may be gotting in, baith of milnis, Caidmuir males, and # annuellis that is awand, and all dettis quhatsumeuer, to set fordward the tovn # besynes be the baillies and commissionariis direct thairto in Edinburgh, and # ordanis the baillies to poynd thair gudis thairfor be thair officiaris.

The inquest ordanis ane kepar to be put to the Venlaw, and # all cattell scheip and nolt be dischargit thairof baith nycht and day, # except alanerly hors and sowkkand stirkis, and that na gudis be layit thairon # nouther scheip nor nolt vnder silence of nycht, vnder the pane of ane vnlaw; # and hes ordanit Eduard Pount to be feyit and pay him for his lawbouris # auld vsit and wont, quha acceptit the said Venlaw keping and fand Joke # Patersoun sourte that na thing suld gang wrang nor na cornes eting bot # that he suld mend on his awne expensis. The inqueist ordanis the nychtbouris to pas efter the rising # of court and vesy the feildis of Sonyside, quhilk is ane part and # pertinentis of thair commonte of Glentres, quhilk pertenis to the liberte and fredome of # thair burgh of Peblis instantlie, and to vse thair possessioun thairof vsit # and wont, and ordanis all nychtbouris that takis part thairintill to be # chargit be the officiaris to pas with thair baillies counsale and communite to vesy the # samin, vnder the pane of forfalting of thair fredome. [}27 MAY 1555.}] The baillies counsale and communite ordanis ane man to be # conducit to feid and pasture thair yeild nolt in thair commonte of Glentres # als sone as thai may, and mak him ane ressonable fee thairfore as he and # thay can aggre. The burro court of Peblis, haldin in the tolbuth of that # ilk, be Rolland Scot, baillie ... The quhilk day, Charles Geddes protestit for the copy of the # erectioun and fundatioun of the Geddes Ile, and the baillies said thai # wald avise thairwith or thai gaif thair ansuer; and forthir the said # Charles desyris the provest baillies counsale and communite to vphald repair and # big the Geddes Ile conforme to thair euidentis maid thairapone, and assigne # ane certane day to gif him ane ansuer. The quhilk day, William Dikesone of Winkestoun comperand in # jugement disassentit fra all molestatioun or trubbling purchessing of # privat writtingnis aganes the baillies counsale and communite of the # burgh of Peblis towart the gift of Quhithauch, Carcado Bank at the west # end of Glentars, be Johne Dekesone his sone and apperand air, and # quhatsumeuery thing the said Johne dois thairintill that he incure na skaith # thairthrow

nouthir in his body gudis nor heretage or fredome of the # burgh, and is content to cum in the tovn will that thair be ane certane # newtrale men leist suspect, to the nowmer of viij or ix persones, to # consider the merchis betuix his heretaig of Winkestoun and the commonteis of # Glentars for the weill of baith the partiis, and as beis concludit and # decernit be the saidis viij or ix newtrale men to stand thairby in tymes # cuming as can be sickerlie deuisit with men of law, and be the tennour heirof # cumis instantlie in the tovn will. The haill inqueist ordanis Andro Kirkhope bill to be # fulfillit, and to gif him saysing of xx futtis of the commoun ground to be ane yard # for ane penny the fut of annuell yerelie, efter the rite of the burgh. The inquest ordanis the stallanges to be broking, auld vsit # and wont, and ordanis ane certane of the honest men of all crauftis to breik # the samin. And ordanis the nychtbouris quhen thai rise furth of court # to vesy William Bannerman and Thomas Hoppringill wallis pleable betuix # thame. The haill inquest ordanis the skoill maister to be conducit # for ane yere, and to mak him payment of his wages bygane, and the baillies to # caus him be payit in tymes cuming half quarterlie, and to provide him # ane chalmer quhair it may be gotting maist conuenient togidder with the # tolbuth to teche his barneis in that redis and writting Ynglis. The inqueist ordanis the tane of the baillies, with the # clerk, pas doun to Edinburgh on Thursday, and ane dossone of honest men to pas # done on Saturday be viij houris on thair awne expensis, and to get in # all the money thay may, baith of milnis dettis and vtheris restis, for thair # furnissing. The inqueist findis William Louch in the wrang in takyn of # Matho Bell quhingare quhen thai wer cumit fra thair play; and the maist # part of the inqueist findis Andro Stewart in the wrang for stryking of # William Louch quhen he tuk Matho Bell, howbeid that he wes reddand thame. Charles Geddes, baillie to my lord Yester, replegit James # Tuedy of Frude furth of this court to his court of Oliuer Castell, and fand # Thomas Peblis souerte that he suld haif justice in the said court the # [\blank\] day of Junii nixt tocum, and maid his aith as vse is to do thame justice the # said day, and failyene thairof to cum agane to this court, and the said # Charles Geddes and James Tuedy souerte to releif the said Thomas.

The depositiones of the provis betuix Cheisholme and # Thomsone: Alexander Lauder, spousit, of the age of xl yeris or thairby, sworne and # admittit, deponis that Patrik Thomsone said to William Cheisholme on his # baxstare within the burgh of Peblis, in the yere nixt efter the tovne # wes brynt, that he bad him say that he had sauld him thre oxin and ane cow and # he suld warrand him the said nolt sua he wald say he had sould thame # till him, for he had doung thame in our mony mennis heidis ellis, and kennis # na price thairof. The quhilk day, James Robesone and James Wilsone, # commissionariis for the toun, hes grantit and maid thair comptis of the gudis # ressauit be thaim for to rais the greit and prive seill and our Souerane Lady # letteres and commissioun anentis the commonteis, and the said commissionariis grantis # thaim to haif debursit mair nor thai had in pose geving to thame be # the thesaurare xxxiij s. x.d. the first tyme and xxxv s. at the last diet; # quhilk thai wer superspendit the xvij day of May and to ansuer James # Wilsone wife, to be ansuerit of malt in his absence for the said sovme quhill it # be payit, and als to ansuer Sir Johne Allane of xj lib. that he lent to thame # to gif maister Johne Hay and Sir Thomas Bathcat. [}15 JULY 1555.}] The baillies hes tane vpone hand to pay the minister and # convent of the Croce Kirk the sovme of xxvj s. of the restis of thair compone. The juges ordanis the thesaurare to pay Katherine Dikesone # the sovme of [\blank\] for aill and breid tane fra hir at Tuede brig # mending, within terme of law, and ordanis the said sovme be justle calculat and # thairefter payment to be maid. The deliuerance of the inqueist: - Item, it is statut and # ordanit that all flescheouris bring thair flesche to the mercat croce on ather # syde of the gait betuix the croce and Dene gutter, and that thai blaw nane # thairof nor yit let it doune nor score it vnder the pane of viij s. Item, thai ordane all regratouris, as thai ar apprehendit, # or forstakers to be pvnist conforme to the actis of parliament and panes # contenit thairintill. The haill inquest ordanis that na nychtbouris of the toun # solist nor caus men of law to cum to procure ane aganes ane vther in tyme # cuming for

quhatsumeuery actioun, except it be on brevis raisit of # heritage alanerlie, vnder the pane of forfalting of thair fredome for euir. The haill inquest ordanis the baillies to caus thair # officiaris gadder in the restis of all males, annuellis, dettis, baith of Commoun # Struthir, Caidmure males and milnis awand, that the samin may be reddy in the # thesaurare hand to set fordwart commoun besynes thai haif ado in Edinburgh # afore the lordis, and ordanis the baillies with v or sax nychtbouris # euery tyme about as the counsale thinkis expedient to be ordourit for addressing # of thair besynes. The haill inquest ordanis the provest baillies counsale and # communite to be bound, vnder the forme of instrument to be subscriuit with # thair handis that can writt and with thair handis led at the pen be the # notare vnder writting that can nocht writt, to defend the caus and actioun # of thair commontie dependand betuix the toun, my lord Mortoun and lord Borthik, # with thair bodyis and gudis vnto the finale end and decisioun of the # samin, and ordanis this to be done with all diligence. The quhilk day, Johne Dikesone, be his awne consent, hes # dischargit him of his fredome and liberte of the burgh of Peblis and # renuncit the samin, and be the tennour heirof renuncis the samin and als the # compromit maid betuix him on that ane part and the provest baillies # counsale and communite of the burgh of Peblis on that vther part for his # awne part alanerlie in absence of his fader, becaus his men chosing for # his part hes nocht tane the said mater apone thame. And the said day my lord provest baillies counsall and # communite ar content to stand at the compromit maid betwix him and thame in # the tolbuth of Edinburgh afore thair juges, and siclike at the # compomit maid in the Croce Kirk nochtwithstanding the descharge of the said # [\compromit\] maid of before, and protestit that thair part of the compromit # mycht haif proceis and letteres monitoriales raisit on the said Johne be # vertu of the said contract subscriuit with his hand at the Croce Kirk the xj # day of July. The said day, Johne Dikesone wes newlie creat burges, # nochtwithstanding the dischargeing of his fredome of his awne consent, and maid # his aith as vse is as he did of before.

[}29 JULY 1555.}] The inqueist findis Besse Watsone is in the wrang in # striking of Cristiane Bell with ane stop on the heid quhilk raisit ane clour thairon, # and findis na blude; and thairupone Johne Wychtman askit instrument and # protestit for the rolment of court, and inlikemaner John Lithquo protestit # for rolment of court. The haill inquest fyndis Charle Thomsone in the wrang for # inuading of Johne Mathosone wife in hir awne hous at vij houris at ewin, # and becaus he was repugnant to gang to the tolbuth efter he wes chargit be # the officeris, and ordanis the baillies to pvnis the samin induring thair will # in exempill of vtheris. And tuiching the cornes rubbing, referris the samin to the # actis maid of auld. [}30 SEPTEMBER 1555.}] The burro and heid court of Peblis, haldyn in the Tolbuth of # that ilk, be ane nobill and potent lord Johne lord Hay of Yester, provest of # the said burgh; James Robesone and Rowe Scot baillies... Absentes of the outland burgessis; [^LIST OF NAMES OMITTED^] The quhilk day, my provest was chosing as of before be the # baillies counsale and communite, and maid his aith thairupone, conforme # to the statutis and actis of the burro lawis.

The quhilk day, Sir Johne Allane was creat clerk to vse the # office thairof lelelie and trewlie ay and quhill he be dischargit. [}14 OCTOBER 1555.}] The inquest ordanis the baillies and nychtbouris pas to the # kirk and sycht the samin with witty men to se quhow it may be biggit, # and thairefter to conduce ane workman for to se the samin. The inqueist ordanis the baillies gang vesy the briggis and # calsayis thairof gif thai be sufficient vphalding be the dichtaris as # thai promist, and to caus thame mend all failyeis sufficient, quhilkis beand # mendit to se gif thai will vphald the samin, and failyene thairof to discharge # thame and cheis vtheris in thair places. And als ordanis Andro Wychtman to caus fill vp the holis # with erd or gravall quhair he tuk the clay till his kill bigging, # incontinent, becaus the fludis ar cummand on hand. Item, the haill inquest ordanis tua vesitouris to be maid # and chosing perpetualie to vesy yeirlie in tyme cuming all properteis and # commonteis pertenyng to the liberte and fredom of burgh at the streking of # the plewis yerelie, betuix Sanct Lucas day and Mertymes, and at harrowis # streking, gif ony thairof be telit be nychtbouris adiacent, that the samin may be resistit in tyme, and referris the chesing of the said # vesitouris to the baillies; and to warn all thame that hes broking ony land in # common gaittis or passages, baith Kirklandis, Kinglandis, Acomfeildis # and Briglandis, incontinent herefter that the samin ly still in tyme cuming # conforme to auld vsit and wont, as the auld merchis thairof standis, # vnder the pane of dischargeing of all fremen, occupyaris of the saidis # landis, that dissobeyis this statut of thair fredome and secluding of thame # fra all counsale in tyme cuming. Item, ordanis tua wechis to be maid nychtlie at the baillies # devise quhill thai be forthir avisit, and ordanis thame till enter at # viij houris at ewin and remane quhill iiij houris in the mornyng, vnder the # pane of viij s. Item, siclike thai ordane Johne Robesone and Eduard Dikesone # to be aill cunnaris, and that all aill ourheid be maid gud and sufficient # aill for iiij d. the pynt, vnder the pane of viij s. the first falt, deling of # the aill the

secund falt, and stryking furth of the ers fut the thrid falt # and depriving of brewing for ane yere. Item, ordanis all hempt and lynt to be removit furth of # Peblis Watter to vther law placis for corrupting of the watter, vnder the pane # of eschaeting of the samin to officeris, and that the officeris put away the # samin, vnder the pane of depriving of thame of thair offices. Item, ordanis all merchandices vtouth the tovn and outland # burgessis to be warnit to cum within burgh and mak thair change merchandice # and residence, or ellis to be dischargit of thair fredome and # liberte in tyme cuming fra the nixt heid court efter Sanct Mongo day nixt to # cum. Item, ordanis ane of the baillies, and the commoun clerk # with him, pas to Edinburgh and caus rais ane precept to heir the actioun and # caus dependand before the juges in Edinburgh to proceid, and to speik with # juges, membris of court, Maister James M'Gill and James Patersoun, quhat is # done betuix ws and my lord Mortoun. The counsale chosing for this yere and sworne: My lord # provest; [^LIST OF NAMES OMITTED^] . The inqueist ordanis all actis and statutis maid of ald # anentis heidyardis syde dykis, kaill, petis, tirvis, pulling of cornes and # pykaris, to be ordanit be the auld actis maid of before. [}30 OCTOBER 1555.}] Item, the inqueist ordanis four wechis to be nychtlie, # enterand at viij houris, and remanand quhill iiij houris in the mornyng, vnder # the pane of viij s., and thai till aduerteis the baillies quhen thai enter # and siclik quhen thai gang to thair beddis. The inqueist ordanis the teling of Hammiltoun to be referrit # to the baillies, and thai to speik to my lord to se gif he will tak # ane pairt thairof, for it is the haill communite desyre and mynde it be # telit.

[}31 OCTOBER 1555.}] (\Electi pro molendinis\) : Dauid Robesone, William # Bannerman, Robert Hesilhope, Arthure Johnkesone. [\Robesone and Johnkesone\] thir tua ar chosing be the baillies and communite to collect and gadder thair multuris of the tua commoun milnis, # and to ansuer the thesaurare thairof for the tyme ay as it is # gotting in, that he may thairwith set commoun werkis and besynes forwart, as the # ordinance and deliuerance of the counsale and communite thinkis maist # conuenient and ganand for the commoun weill, for the winter quarter # begynnand at Alhallo day quhill Candilmes nixt heirefter. [}2 NOVEMBER 1555.}] The baillies and the haill communite of the burgh of Peblis # ordanis to ansuer maister William Newdry, scoilmaister, of thre pundis of # money for the termes bygane at Mertynmes nixt tocum, and half quarterlie # in tymes cuming, as the rolment of court maid the xxvij day of Maii last # bypast; and thairfore oblissis him to remane and teche the scoill and # barneis sufficientlie in tymes cuming, and gif it beis fundyng that he pas fra the # teching of the barnes in the scoill four dayis without licence of the baillies # and counsale he sall tyne his fe restand, and siclike salbe dischargit of # his seruis incontinent thairefter; and this present act to be sufficient warnyng # heirto in tyme cuming with consent of baith the partiis. [}9 NOVEMBER 1555.}] The compt of the commoun gudis of the burgh of Peblis, tane # be Johne Wychtman, ane of the baillies of Peblis for the tyme, in # absence of my lord provest and his colleg Robert Hoppringill, and the counsale and # communite of the said burgh warnit be opping proclamatioun to cum and # heir thair thesaurare, Johne Dikesone, to mak his compt as vse is. The # quhilk thesaurare comperand in the tolbuth of Peblis before the said Johne # Wychtman, baillie as said is, counsale and communite of the said burgh, the ix # day of Nouember the yeir of God j=m=v=c= and lv yeris, the said thesaurare # chargit him with v=xx=xvj li. iiij s. ix d. of the multuris of the tua commoun # milnis, and with xiij li. v s. v d. of Caidmuir malles, and with xxxiiij s. # viij d. of annuellis and burges siluer, and with viij s. vj d. of staulanges, and with # xij li. for the

small custumes: Summa of the haill charge is vij=xx=iij li. # xiij s. iiij d. and discharges him with vij=xx=j li. xviij s.; sua he is restand to # the provest baillies counsale and communite xxxv s. quhilkis the said baillie # ordanis to be deliuerit to Rolland Scot, thesaurare, quha wes electit thairto the said # day be the baillies counsale and communite, togidder with the restis # of Caidmur males, annuellis of Commoun Struthir and Johne Scot annuell. Item, the said day, Sir Johne Allane v li. that he payit to # Sir Thomas Bathcat, quhilk the baillie borrowit fra him to set thair # besynes fordwart, is nocht comptit, nor yit the xxxvij s. quhilk he gaif for dailis # in Leith to mend the schete of the Rude Milne with, [\nor\] yit is payit till # him xij libris of annuell of Sanct Johne altare of termes bygane, and ordouris to # pay him the samin of the reddiest of the commoun gudis and yerelie and # termelie in all tymes to cum, and thairupone the said Johne desyrit act of # court. [}2 DECEMBER 1555.}] Sir Johne Wilsone, vicare of Eddilstoun, collectour to # vmquhile Sir Thomas Hay (^dirige^) , desyrit the baillies to caus poynd and strenye # vmquhile Eduard Patersone land lyand within the burgh of Peblis for xiiij s. of # annuell quhilk is infeft for doing yerelie of the said (^dirige^) and desyrit to # haif payment thairof conforme to the actis maid be the Thre Estatis of the brint # annuellis, and to haif the juges ansuer thairupoun, the quhilkis juges # ansuerit and said thai wald consult heirapone betuix this and the heid court efter # Sanct Mongo day and thairefter suld gif him ane ansuer of ratificatioun # of the samin, and thairupone the said Sir Johne askit instrument. The haill inqueist ordanis in tyme cuming that gif ony # landis within the fredome of burgh failyeis and fallis done waist that the samin # happyn to be reconist, sua the said landis being reconist happynnis to be # analit, that the saidis landis be ropit at the mercat croce thre courtis, and # thai till haif thame that will gif maist thairfore, providing allwayis that the air # that hes maist rycht thairto be first seruit, gevand als mekle thairfore as # ane vther; and siclike ony commoun landis of the tovn to be obseruit in like # maner in tyme cuming. [}4 DECEMBER 1555.}] The pykaris tane vp be Robert Hoppringill and Johne Wychtman # baillies, in absence my lord provest, with avise of the haill communite:-

Isabell Mvre is ane commoun pykare of kaill, and was # apprehendit on the thrid day of December instant vnder silence of nycht # takkand away tirvis quhilk pertenit to Johne Murro in Ald Tovne, quhilk fand # William Lowith souerte that scho nocht do sic thingis in tymes cuming, # nor yit do ony nychtbour skaith or hurt in tyme cuming, in ony of thair # gudis quhatsameuir, nor commit na pykery, vnder the pane of xx lib., to be payit # without remissioun, and banissing of the tovn, and to be brynt on the # face with ane irne the first falt, and the secund falt vnder the pane of # deid. Thomas Johnsone, for the takin of ane hen in ane winling of # stra furth of Robert Hoppringill, and is reput and suspectit for ane # commoun [{pikare{] of caill, to that taking he wes apprehendit on the first day of # December instant with Patrik Gowane caill quhilk he tuk furth of his # yard, and siclike his wife Merioun Moffet is ane commoun pikare of fulis, # and Mertyn Craufurd becom souerte for thame vnder the panes foirsaid. Cristian Fairle, suspectit for pyking of hennis and als for # takyn of ane sark fra James Stewart quhilk he tuk of hir bak quhen scho wes # werand it. Robert Murdok, ane commoun pykare and draware of corne # stakkis, and siclike Jonet Hendersone his wife suspectit for the pyking of # Johne Tod and Mongo Williamsone dukis quha fand Rowe Scot, souerte... Katherine Andersone, for meill takyn furth of Johne Dikesone # sellare in (\anno\) etc. l=o= to the quantite of tua pekkis, quhen his gud # moder wes at the mes on the Sonday. Johne Walter, for the trystyng of Gilbert Young, seruand to # Johne Dikesone, to sell his maister stray till him and he suld gif ane pynte # aill. [}20 JANUARY 1555.}] The quhilk day, my lord provest baillies counsale and # communite of the burgh of Peblis producit in jugement, be Mongo Williamsone and # Adam Gilleis thair officiaris, ane precept dewlie execut and # indorsat apone the xxvj day of the moneth of Nouember yere of God etc. lv=o=, makkand # mentioun that it wes humlie menit and hevelie lamentit to the saidis # provest baillies counsale and communite and vtheris nychtbouris and fremen of # the said burgh, that the samin burgh wes infeft of auld be our Souerane Lady # and hir maist nobill progenitouris and predecessouris in fre burgh regale, # with fre power liberte and facultie within the samin to haif ane mercat day # wolklie on

Tusday, with power to sell walx wyne wolling and lynning # claith, braid and narrow, and all vtheris merchandice lesum, and to haif within # the samin burgh baxstaris broistaris fischaris flescheouris prepararis of # fische and flesche, and all vtheris craftismen belangand to ane burgh regale, and provest # baillies officiaris within the said burgh for gouerning thairof till elect and # cheis, and to set the burro rudis belangand to the said burgh for the weill thairof, # as the saidis complenaris thinkis expedient, as at mair lenth is contenit in # thair infeftment maid and geving to thame thairupone vnder our Souerane Lady # progenitouris greit seill, makkand mentioun that the said burgh communite # thairof and thair successouris ar infeft of auld of our said Souerane Lady maist # nobill progenitouris of gude mynde, quham God assoilye, in all liberteis saisingnis # privelegis and vtheris possessiones vsit be thame and thair predecessouris # of before, etc.; nochtwithstanding thair is certane thair burgessis and # nychtbouris, chosing and electit be thame and thair predecessouris, that vses the # saidis liberteis vtouth the liberte of the said burgh, and will nocht cum and # mak thair change merchandice and residence within the said burgh conforme # to thair creatioun, and thairthrow vsurps our Souerane Lady lawis maid # thairupone as foirstallaris, vsand pakking and peling, and euery landwart # tovn vtouth the liberte of the said burgh within the sherefdome of Peblis # vsis dailie change and merchandice, baith lynt tar irne woll hyde skyn beir # malt meill, and thairthrow abstractis the proffitis and change fra the said # burgh to thair hevy dampnage and skaith, quhairthrow our Souerane Lady # custummis ar defraudit and our said burgh depauperat and heriit, that na dow # nocht to sustene the importabill taxationes raisit vpone thame be our # Souerane Lady counsale, and the proffittis quhilkis suld cum to the burgessis # and merchandices of the said burgh remanis with the saidis outland burgessis and # foirstallaris as said is, in hie contemptioun of our Souerane Lady lawis and hurt of our said burgh and aganes the actis of burro lawis and # parliament maid thairupone, and will nocht decist and ceis thairfra # without thai be compellit; at the command of the quhilk precept the saidis # officeris passit warnit chargeit lauchfully summond atechit and arreistit # [^LIST OF NAMES OMITTED^] outland

burgessis; [^LIST OF NAMES OMITTED^] foirstallaris and # regrataris, at the mercat croce be opping proclamatioun, the saidis persones to # compere within the said burgh and mak thair merchandice change and residence # within xl=ti= dayis nixt thairefter, and failyeand thairof to compere before # the provest baillies counsale and communite, or ony tua of thame, in the # tolbuth of Peblis the xx day of Januare nixt thairefter, to heir and se thame and # euirilk ane of thame be decreit of court to be forfaltit of thair liberte # and fredome in tymis cuming and dischargeit to vse sic change and merchandice # thairefter vnder the panes contenit in the statutis of burro lawis and # actis of parliament maid thairupone; and the saidis foirstallaris and regratouris # to compere and mak thair change and residence within the libertie and # fredome of burgh within xl=ti= dayis nixt thairefter, and failyene thairof # to compere afore the saidis provest baillies counsale and communite in the # tolbuth of Peblis the said xx day of Januare to heir and se thame and euirilk ane # of thame to be decernit be decreit of court to incure the panes contenit in # the saidis burro lawis and actis of parliament maid thairupone viz., vnder # the pane of eschaeting of thair gudis that beis apprehendit, with ony # forstalling pakking or peling, outhir hyde woll skyn, tapping or selling of lint irne # tar beir malt meill in tyme cuming, the tane half to our Souerane Lady vse, # the tothir half to the saidis provest baillies counsale and communite, # efter the forme and tennour of the saidis burro lawis and actis of parliament # maid thairvpoun, with intimatioun as efferit, as at mair lenth is contenit in # the precept direct thairupon; at the quhilk day the saidis persones [\being called # failed to appear.\] [^THE REST OF THE EDITOR'S COMMENT # OMITTED^] The inqueist deliueris that all pykaris that hes bene # delatit of before to luke the buikis and se quhat faltis thai ar delatit for, and # thai to be pvnist with all rigour and banist the tovn for euir till gif occasioun # till vtheris that pykis of new till abstene, and to tak souerte for thame in # tyme cuming vnder the pane of scurgyng of thame throuch the tovn and # banissing of

thame the samine, and thai that will nocht fynd souirte to be # brynt with ane irne on the cheik and thairefter banist the tovn for euir, # and ordanis the maister or lardis that ressauis sic pykaris to be thair # tennentis to pay in tyme cuming the skaithis and dampnages done be thame to ony # nychtbour that ar plentus thairof sua the samin be manifestlie knawin. The inquest ordanis to ansuer Robert Atzin, and ilk ane of # the officaris, of ane ferlot of meill in this storme to help thair wiffis and # barnis, providing allwayis that thai clame na possessioun thairof in tyme cuming. # The inqueist ordanis gif ewill meill and gud meill be found # in ane sek, better in the mouth thairof nor the ers, to eschaet the samin # at the baillies will; and ordanis thame to sell meill to the pure folkis in # pekkis, als weill as to the riche, of siclike price as thai sell the boll, and na # derrare, vnder the pane of viij s. The inqueist ordanis that na burges be maid in tymes cuming # without avise of the counsale. [}30 JANUARY 1555.}] The baillies and communite of the burgh of Peblis is # contentit, all with ane consent, to accept William Hay, sone and apparand air to # vmquhile Johne lord Hay of Yester, quhow sone he cum to perfite age and is of # knawlege to gif thame ane gud counsale, in the provestrie of the burgh of # Peblis, yerele, afore ony vtheris as thai fynd him geving for commoun weill, # conforme to the actis of parliament and burro lawis maid thairupone; and in the # menetyme the said William, Mr. Thomas Hay his eme, provest of Bochanis # and thair frendis, to stand gud afald and kyndelie freindis with the said # communite in all lefull besynes and actiones and to set the samin # forwart, and the communite in like maner to serf the said William Hay as thai wer wont to vmquhile his fader, and till deput na president nor deput vnder # him bot till vse the communite in all thingis as his vmquhile fader vsit # thame, and the saidis William and Mr. Thomas Hay his curatour discharges, be # vertu of this writting, the gift purchest be the said William of the # said provestrie vnder our Souerane Lady prive seill, and ordanis the samin # desert and to be of nane effect in tyme cuming, and gif neid beis to gif the # copy of the said gift to the saidis baillies counsale and communite, and the # said William to hurt the saidis baillies counsale and communite in nane of # thair privileges of commonteis vtherwayis nor Johne lord Hay of Yester his # vmquhile fader

did, and thairapone the said William baillies counsale and # communite, (\hinc inde\) askit instrument and ordanit the extract heirof to be # geving to ather of the partiis that requirit the samin. [}1 FEBRUARY 1555.}] Andro Ra is admittit custummer quhill Candilmes day nixt to # cum, to collect and gadder the small custummis of the burgh of Peblis # conforme to the rite vse and consuetude of the burgh of Edinburgh, for the # quhilk he sall content pay and deliuer to the baillies counsale and # communite of the burgh of Peblis the sovme of xix merkis, viz., afore the # chakker xv dayis xiiij merkis, and the rest at Candilmes nixt thairefter # following at the ische of his tak, and fand James Wilsone, Johne Wilsone and # Johne Cranstoun souerteis, coniunctlie and seueralie, for payment # thairof; and the said Andro souerte for thair releif; and ordanis that na # wechtis be vsit in the tovn to wey ony butter cheis woll or yarne except the # custum wechtis alanerlie, and the said Andro sall vse him in the new # fair dayis as ane honest man and tak custum be avise of the baillies and counsale # for this yeir. [}5 FEBRUARY 1555.}] Sir Robert Hoip producit and deliuerit to the baillies and # communite, as patrones to Sanct Christofer altare, ane chartour of xij merkis # of annuell geving be Robert Horsbruk of all and haill his landis of Harcas # with the pertinentis, lyand within the quhite barony of Eddilstoun and # scherefdome of Peblis, haldand fre blanche, vnder his seill and # subscriptione manuale, datit at Horsbruk the iiij day of Julii (\anno Domini\) , etc., # lv=o=; and ane vther chartour geving be Alexander Horsbruk of that ilk, of ten # merkis of annuell, of all and haill his lands of Horsbruk with the # pertinentis, haldand fre blanche, vnder his seill and subscriptioun manuale, datit # att Peblis the ferd day of Nouember yere of God j=m=v=c= and lv yeris; and ane # instrument of saising of the saidis xij merkis of annuell of Harcas, vnder # the signe and subscriptioun manuale of Sir Johne Thomsone, notare publict, # datit on the ground of the samin, (\quinto Novembris anno Domini\), etc., # lv=o=. The inqueist ordanis ane edict to be gotting fra the # provest, maister Gilbert Wichtman, with consent of the patrones, to warne all # chaplanis mak residence at thair altaris conform to thair fundatioun within # xlj dayis, and failyeane thairof to heir the saidis altarages descernit vacand # in the patrones

handis and vtheris qualifiit men to be electit in thair places # that will nocht compere, and in the mentyme to present thair rentalis # baith of waist landis and plenist within viij dayis, and siclike to bring in # all thair vestmentis and chalices and deliuer thame to be laid in the commoun kist within xv dayis quhill the kirk be biggit. [}8 FEBRUARY 1555.}] The inqueist ordanis that na tennentis be ressauit to duell # within the liberte and fredome of burgh bot thai that ar reput and haldyn # honest, and that thair maisteris will ansuer for thair skaithis done to ony # nychtbour, and ordanis the officeris to gang throuch the tovn and warne all # nychtbouris, dour be dure, that thai set na houssis to suspect personis # vnder the pane to be accusit as part takkaris with thame and vnder the pane of # xl s. to be payit to the commoun werk. And ony man that will in tyme cuming apprehend ony pykaris # sall present the saidis pykaris to the baillies and in thair absentis to the # officiaris, and thai sall haif for thair reward of the thesaurare of the # commoun gudis xl s. incontinent thairefter. [}5 MARCH 1555.}] Thomas Tuedy, commissionare and baillie, producit ane power # of baillierie vnder my lord Mortoun signet and subscriptioun # manuale, datit at Edinburgh the xij day of Februare yere of God j=m= v=c= and lv # yeris, to replege reduce and hame bring Johne Nesbeth [{and ten others{] to the # regalite of Dalketh court to be haldin at [\blank\] within xv dayis, viz., # Thursday the xx day of Merche instant, and fand John Dikesone souirte # till enter to justice, and gaif his coller aith, and failyeing that justice # be nocht done as said is to cum agane to this court. The juges descernis and ordanis euery man, spirituale and # temporale, that ar infeft of ony annuellis within the liberte and burgh of # Peblis be payit conforme to the actis of the brint annuellis maid be the # Thre Estatis in tyme cuming, and compone for the tymes bygane, without ony # impediment and obstacle; and ordanis the officiaris to pas with the # aunnaris of the

annuellaris on the party expensis to poynd and strenye # thairfore, and in speciale William Tait annuell, the lard Southous annuellis, and # all vtheris annuellis, and thairupone William Tait askit instrument. [^OMISSION: 14 APRIL 1556 - 20 MARCH 1569^]

[}3 APRIL 1570.}] The counsale ordanis that euery nychtbour compeir to the Hie # Gait with thair armour quhosone the swische strykis, vnder the paine of # thame that absentis thame thairfra to be accusit hes ane partakkare and # assistaris of thame that invadis the said tovne, and that the swische strike # nocht without it be the tovne actioun, vnder the pane foirsaid. [}6 APRIL 1570.}] The baillies counsale and communite ordanis the baillies, # accumpanit with the nychtbouris and inhabitantis of the burgh of Peblis, # to assist togidder and to be reddy with armour for stancheing of # cummeris, alsweill bygane as to cum, in cace ony suddand tulye fall accidentlie # within the liberte of burgh, vnder the pane of foirfalting of thair # fredome; and all persones quha hes offendit to stand vnder arrestament, and # specialie William Tuedy; and quhowsone ony of thame cum to the tovne to # be wardit within the tolbuth quhill thai fynd cautioun to ansuer # afore jugeis ordinaris as accordis of the law, and this failye to be tryit # at my lord incuming in the cuntre. [}12 APRIL 1570.}] The maist part of the counsale ordanis the baillies to write # to my lord provest anentis the trublance dependand amangnis nychtbouris # for avoyding of cummeris in tymes cuming, and that ane addresseament be tane # thairintill

be my lord personalle present, that reformatioun may be maid as accordis, conforme to our auld libertie and fredome of burgh, # that nychtbouris thairafter may leif at quyetnes and rest in tymes cuming: and ordanis ane writting to be maid with ane honest man and send to # my lord as commissionare to the tovne. The provest baillie and counsale ordanis the counsale to # convene and sycht the passage quhair the wall of the tovne suld be set and # consider the samin, that quhen the werk is begynnand that the interprisaris # thairof be nocht cummerit in the setting fordward of the said wall, bot # that thai haif fre passage without ony cummer, on the tovne expensis. [}18 APRIL 1570.}] The baillies and maist pairt of the counsale, and Mertyn # Craufurd consent, ar content to cheis newtrale men to satyfy the said Mertyn for # the skaith sustenit be him in the setting of the wall of the tovne # within his heretage, at the sycht of thir persones vnder writtin, schosing be # consent of baith the partiis, viz.: the said Mertyn Craufurd is content of his # awne proper confessioun that the baillies and counsale comprise his hous # instantlie as it standis, tymber and wallis, and to satify him thairfore, or # ellis to mak him als gude ane hous in thak wallis and tymber as accordis, and # forthir to satify him for the rovme of the situatioun of the wall as # passis throuch his heretage, conforme to the vse of the tovne efferand thairto, # and to satify all vtheris havand entres in siclike caces; and thairvpone the # thesaurare George Horsbruk askit instrument. The provest baillies counsale and communite of the burgh of # Peblis hes constitut Dennys Elphingstoun of Henderstoun, James Tuedy, # George Horsbruk and Johne Fresall, coniunctlie and seuerale, # procuratouris for the tovne, counsale and communite thairof, anentis the commoun # welth and walling of the tovne. [}6 MAY 1570.}] The counsale ordanis the baillies to caus thair officiaris # charge Dauid Creichtoun to remane in ward within the tolbuth vnto the tyme # he deliueris all the scrowis that is in his hand kepand to the # commoun clerk, that thai may be registrat in the court buikis.

[}8 MAY 1570.}] The provest baillies counsale and communite of the burgh of # Peblis hes statut and ordanit that [{na{] induellare within the burgh of # Peblis, nouther fremen nor vtheris, tak away nor intromet with ony materialis # lyand at the commoun werk and walling of the tovne, sic as sand lyme stanis # tubbis standis bukkatis spadis schulis pikkis mattokkis gawillokkis # sand pokkis, mandis or barrowis, or intend to win ony sand in Skynner Hewcht # quhill the commoun werk be endit, vnder the pane of forfalting of the # fremen of thair libertie and banissing of the vnfremen the tovne. [}20 JUNE 1570.}] The quhilk day, be the ordinance of the provest baillies # counsale and communite of the burgh of Peblis, conforme to thair deliuerance # of ane bill direct thairupone of before, of the dait at Peblis the # xxviij day of Aprile (\anno\) 1570, viz., Denis Elphingstoun of Henderstoun, # Mertyn Hay baillie, Sir Johne Allane, Johne Stodert, James Tuedy, # Alexander Gowane, chosing for Mertyn Craufurd; and Stene Robesone baillie, Patrik # Newtoun, George Horsbruk, William Lowys, and William Dikesone younger, # chosing for the tovne: anentis the situatioun of the wall within ane # part of the said Mertyn Craufurd heretage, the said sworne men ordanis and # decretis the provest baillies counsale and communite to content pay and # deliuer to the said Mertyn Craufurd for the skaithis sustenit be him this # present yere, for the inlaik of the proffit of his taill and yard, ane boll beir; # and Sir Johne Allane and Thomas Lauder, interprisaris of the werk, for inlaik # of this present yere, to pay the said Mertyn half ane stane of lynt, and the # said provest baillies and communite to releif the said Mertyn Craufurd his # airis quhatsumeuer at the handis of Johne Tuedy student and vtheris, # prebendaris of the Rude alter, of the yerelie payment of sex s. for the # situatioun of the said wall within his said taill, and to mak the said Mertyn # annuell of his forbuth fre, and to gif him sic securite for the yerelie # payment thairof as afferis, and that nane molest nor cummer the interprisaris of # the said wall of the situatioun thairof within thair boundis. And to pay for # ilk laid lyme for the careche iiij s. vj d. the first yere, and the rest # of the yeris iiij s. alanerlie for ilk careche.

[}14 JULY 1570.}] The haill counsale present for the tyme ordanis Stene # Robesone, baillie, accumpanit with George Horsbruk thesaurare, and Andro # Alexander, pas done to Edinburgh with the tovne commissioun the xvj day of # Julij for the estabillissing of the regiment of the realme, conforme to the # clois missiue send to my lord provest baillies and communite of the burgh of # Peblis be my lordis Lenox, Angus, Mortoun, Mar, Glencairn, Ruthven, # Glammis, Vchiltre and Carthcart, datit at Striueling the xxiij day of Junii # (\anno\) 1570. Siclike, the counsale ordanis ane ansuer to be maid to # maister Robert Inschaw, conforme to the contentis of his writting, etc. [}1 AUGUST 1570.}] The counsale hes ordanit Mertyn Hay, baillie, William Bell, # James Gowane, Patrik Vache, Johne Wod, Patrik Dikesone, Thomas # Dikesone, Johne Wychtman, to ryde furth with my lord to the hoist to the # raid in Lythquo, conforme to the proclamatioun, providing alwayis that # my lord gif his obligatioun to releif the tovne harmeles at the # thesaurare handis. [}25 AUGUST 1570.}] My lord provest baillies and counsale fyndis William # Dikesone wife in the wrang in stryking of Blais Stewart with hir fauldit neif, # and ordanis hir to ask the said Blais Stewart forgifnes, sayand sche hes # failyet. [}2 OCTOBER 1570.}] The said day [^LIST OF NAMES OMITTED^] , maist part of the counsale, ordanit and be the tennour heirof ordanis the # charge and letteres direct be the Kingis Maiestie his graces regent and # lordis of secreit counsale anentis the chesing of thair provest baillies and # commoun officiaris,

and compt rakkynning payment and deliuerance of thair commoun # gudis and kirk graith, to be obeyit in forme and effect as efferis, # efter the tenour of the saidis letteres, apone the quhilk obedience Denys # Elphinstoun in name and behalf of the baillies and counsale foirsaid askit # instrument. The electis chosing this present yeir be my lord provest to be baillies: [^LIST OF NAMES OMITTED^] The said day Johne Horsbruk and Patrik Newtoun wes chosing # and electit baillies be commoun wotis and maid thair aith as vse # is. The baillies and counsale hes electit William lord Hay of # Yester provest for ane yeir, ald vsit and wont, and maid his aith as vse is, # conforme to the act of parliament and burrolawis; and thairupone the said lord # askit instrument. The said day, Peter Sheill, textour, wes ressauit in # jugement dekin sworne and admittit, and thairupone the said Peter askit # instrument that the samin wes done be consent of the haill craft. The said day, James Tuedy, in name and behalf of the # counsale and communite, and assisting of our Soverane Lord and his graces Regent # letteres and charge direct anentis the chesing of provest baillies and # commoun officiaris, [{protestit{] that William Dikesone and Johne Horsbruk wes # nocht abill to be chosing as electis to be baillies in respect of our said # Souerane Lord and his graces Regent letteres and charge, becaus thai war baith # culpable of ane part of the gudis and kirk graith, allegeand thairthrow thai # dissobeyit the said charge and letteres, and thairupone the said James askit # instrument. And the said Johne Horsbruk confessit in jugement ane part # of ane chalice deliuerit to him be James Tuedy, thesaurare for the # tyme, and is reddy to mak compt rakkyning and payment thairof, and William # Dikesone denyis simpliciter intromissioun outhir with commoun gudis or # kirk graith bot that quhilk he had payit, and protestit in cace outhir of # thame wer electit baillie that our said Souerane Lord and his graces # regent letteres and charge wes dissobeyit. To the quhilk ansueris James Tuedy that he gaif ony part of # chalice to Johne Horsbruk bot that the said Johne Horsbruk, being baillie # for the tyme, compellit him as ane subject, the said Johne beand # superiour becaus

the said James wes kepare of ane of the keyis of thair commoun # kist, and thairupone askit instrument. The said day, James Tuedy, in name and behalf of the maist # of the counsale and communite, tuk instrument that my lord provest # dissobeyit our Souerane Lord and his graces Regent and lordis of secreit # counsale letteres and charge, becaus his lordschip votit and electit # with Johne Horsbruk and William Dikesone to be baillies, beand culpable # of ane part of the commoun gudis and kirk graith. And my lord Yester # provest oblist him to ansuer to the king his graces regent and lordis # of secreit counsale for the saidis Johne Horsbruk and William Dikesoun # and vtheris quha he gaif in tecat to be electis and baillies, and to mak # compt rakynning and payment for thair intromissioun, outhir with # commoun gudis or kirk graith, safar as thai intromettit with. The quhilk day, Andro Alexander messinger producit thir # names vnder writtin in jugement be vertu of our Souerane lord his graces # Regent and lordis of secreit counsale charge and letteres, viz., Johne # Horsbruk, James Tuedy, Johne Wychtman, Rolland Scot, Johne Dikesone redare, # William Dikesone, Patrik Dikesone, and Johne Dikesone of Melvingland, # as intromettouris ressauaris and desponaris of ane part of the common gudis and kirk graith, and that afore the electing and chesing of the # baillies, protestand solemniter gif my lord votit or electit ony of the saidis # persones in office by the effect and tennour of the saidis letteres for # dissobeydiance thairof that he mycht haif place to indorse apone the said # dissobedience as efferit to his office to the quhilk he wes sworne. [}25 OCTOBER 1570.}] The haill inqueist ordanis all meill to be presentit to the # mercat croce, and nane remane in houssis, and that nane be sauld quhill tua # efter novne, nor nane be sauld efter sax houris, vnder the pane of deling of # the samin, and that ilk meill sell to the poor of ilk laid ij pekkis # meill, and that it be als gud in the ers of the seke as in the mouth vnder the pane # foirsaid. [}15 NOVEMBER 1570.}] Johne Horsbruk, ane of the baillies of Peblis, tuk # instrument that

Robert Dikesone of Ormistoun trublit the court sayand that gif # he gat Alexander Williamsone gangand endland Tuedesyde he suld fetter # him as ane theif. The counsale sworne and chosing for this present yere: # [^LIST OF NAMES OMITTED^] [}18 NOVEMBER 1570.}] The baillies tuk instrument that thai requirit the honest # men of the tovne to releif thame of the xvj li. that thai war awand to the # chakkare for the custummis bygane, for the quhilk thai war chargit to # pay or elis to be put to the horne for the samin. The counsale and communite ordanis the baillies to tak of # the reddyest of Sir Robert Hoip monei to pay the xvj lib. monei to the # chakkare for the custummis bygane to releif the baillies fra the horne, and # mak Sir Robert Hoip securite for the annuell thairof, safare as thai # tak, and gif him saising thairof, viz., of Johne Scot and Johne Bullo, and to # roip the hillis of Caidmuir betuix this and Witsonday to pay the releif of the # said sovme of xvj lib. monei. [}6 DECEMBER 1570.}] [\Of this date "the inqueist ordanis viij men to walk # nychtlie;" all the ports "to be sufficientlie stekit;" and "the heid dykis to be sychtit # and biggit round about the tovne, alsweill clois futtis as vtheris."\] Siclike, ordanis the stepill and knok to be ordourlie and # sufficientlie kepit, vsit and wont, and to regne xij houris, vj houris, and # courfyre nychtlie, and to pay Andro Frank his fe thairfore byganes as # tocum, ay and quhill he be dischargit. [}20 DECEMBER 1570.}] The baillies counsale and communite ordanis that thair be na # playing at the fute ball on the Hie Gait in tymes cuming, vnder the pane # of ilk persone fyndand playand viij s. and cutting of the ball.

[}15 JANUARY 1570.}] The haill inquest ordanis the baillies to pas throuch the # tovne and vesy euerilk induellare within the burgh of Peblis and se quhat # bestiall thai haif to leif vpone or ony vtheris gudis or geir; and to pvnis # all pykaris of caill, erbis, cornes, fewale, hennys, caponis, geis, or ony # vtheris gudis and geir, and quha thai fynd culpabill thairintill to punys thame # conforme to the auld actis and banys thame the tovne conforme to the auld # actis maid in vmquhile Robert Hoppringill and Andro Wychtman, baillies, # tymes. And siclike that thair be na scheip fund pasturand within # the burro ruddis in yardis or cornes in tymes cuming, vnder the pane of # eschaeting of the samin. And siclike ordanis quhatsumeuery personis, wemen, mennis # wiffis, or vtheris persones quhatsumeuer, that is found flytand on the # Hie Gait in tymes cuming to be put sax houris in the linkis without # fauouris. And the heid dykis to be biggit round about within viij # dayis efter the lowyssing of the storme. [}10 FEBRUARY 1570.}] The maist part of the communite of the burgh of Peblis is # contentit with maister Thomas Cranstoun writting tuiching his desyre to schaw # the Word of God trewlie, and to send ane commissioun to him with the # lard of Henderstoun and ane of the baillies. The baillies and communite ordanis fourty persones, honest # men, to furnys xl s., euerilk persone to pay xij d., for to speik the Regent # grace to haif fauouris to byde at hame fra the proclamatioun newlie ordanit for to be # in Glasgw the xiiij day of this instant, and fynd remedy # thairfore, and to wit beneuolent pay the samin. [}16 FEBRUARY 1570.}] The baillies counsale and communite hes ordanit Patrik # Newtoun, ane of the baillies of Peblis, accumpanit with Johne Wychtman, # Gilbert Tuedy, Thomas Hesilhope mercheand, William Dikesone, Andro Alexander, # ryde to the oist to Glasgw, conforme to the proclamatioun, and to see # gif they can haif ane addres of my lord Regent grace or nocht, and # thairefter to aduertis

with ane cursour quhidder thai get ane addressement or nocht, # and the said aduertisment beand maid to the haill tovne, to take the nixt # best, and gif it be found that thai get ane sufficient addres the rest of the # tovne to beir the said baillie and the saidis sax nychtbouris with him expensis. [}14 MARCH 1570.}] The baillie and maist part of the communite beand present # for the tyme, hes ordanit Maister Andro Cranstoun, be the admission of the # kirk, for instruction of the youth to tak the barneis of the tovne to instruct thame, # and appoyntis the tolbuthe to him to teche the barneis in quhill # Beltane nixtocum, and quha plesis to put thair barneis till him for thair # instruction. The said day Dauid Creichtoun grantit himself, of his awne # confessioun, lauchfullie warnit fra the scoill, and that he suld remoif # thairfra at Beltane nixtocum. [}25 APRIL 1571.}] The haill inqueist ordanis the Vanelaw to be proclamit # waist seute and hanyng quhill Witsonday nixtocum that the baillies tak ordour # thairintill, vnder the pane of paying of viij s. for ilk sowme apprehendit # thairupone the first falt, the secund xvj s., the thrid falt xxiiij s., and # the vnlawis thairof to be applyit to the brig werk; and ordanis the baillies and # Thomas Lawder to vesy the said brig werk and to consider quhat is necessar # thairfore, and the samin to be modifiit vniuersalie amang the inhabitantis to be # payit gif the said vnlawis will nocht satify the samin. The said inqueist ordanis the half of the tovne to walk # nychtlie quhill Beltane ewin, and the haill toun to walk on Beltane ewin, # Beltane day at ewin, and the morne efter Beltane day quhill thai se quhat stay # may cum in the cuntre for resisting of thevis. And as tuiching the out wachis, ordanis thame that hes nocht # payit to pay that thing sa far as is restand, and thairefter to mak ane # new taxt to mak forthir wauching quhill forthir ordour be taken. Item, the said inqueist ordanis viij personis of them that # is ellis brokin anentis the payment of the pulder and breik thame that brak the # laif efter Beltane, and in the mein tyme to gif to the gunneris ane # quarter of pulder, and xx lib. to be broking to the brig werk and pulder.

Item, anentis the payment of the scoilmaister, ordanis the # provest and baillies to set the hillis or ony vther wayis to the hieast # awaill to mak him payment thairof for thair awne releif of the charge of the # kingis letteres direct to thame thairupone. Item, ordanis the actis done of before be the tuelf men for # the situatioun of the wall about the tovne to be obseruit and kepit, of the # dait the xviij day of Aprill (\anno\) 1570 and xxx day of Junii (\anno # predicto\). Item, the inqueist is content that Maister Thomas Cranstoun, # minister, be payit of the thrid of the personage and vicarage of Mennare and # Peblis as efferis to the quantite and availl thairof. Item, the inqueist ordanit the appoynteament of the buttis # bigging to be kepit be the contractaris and appoyntearis thairof. [}24 MAY 1571.}] The quhilk day, comperit Johne Dikesone of Melvingland and # desyrit the baillies and counsale to call in particularlie be thair precept # the intromettouris with the kirk geir and commoun geir to thair awne particulare # vse, quhilk suld be restorit and geving agane bakwark to the commoun vse of # the tovne, and to be chargit vpoun four dayis warnyng, conforme to the vse # of burgh, quhairthrouch that taxationes nor stentis apone the poore. The baillies and counsale ordanis the officiaris to pas # throuch the tovne on Witsonday ewin and desyre honest men sum to leid ane laid # of lyme to the brig werk and sum sand and sum stanis, and thai that wil # nocht send thair hors that we may knaw thair gud will thairto. The baillies tuk instrument that thai with awise of the # communite dischargit thame of ony intromissioun with my lord Newbotle hoggis # quhilkis wes red fra the thevis, and makkis thame fre to my lord # Newbotle seruandis, William Ackin and William Allane, and thairupone the baillies # askit instrumentis. This wes done in the Tolbuth of Peblis at ix houris forrow # novne or thairby, before thir witnes: Denys Elphingstoun of # Henderstoun, James Tuedy burges in Peblis, and Sir Johne Allane notare publict. The said day, in presens of the notare publict and witnes # vnder writting, William Allane, officiare foirsaid, in name and behalf of my # lord Newbotle, desyrit Gilbert Hay to deliuer to him in name and behalf of the # said lord

Newbotle, quha ansuerit and said he had na intromissioun with # the saidis hoggis bot causit the childrene quha wes reddaris thairof fra # the thevis to hald thame and keip thame togidder to my lord vtilite and # proffit quhill the said childrene wer satifiit for the redding of the same, and # thairupone William Allane, officiare foirsaid, askit instrument. This wes # done at the said Gilbert Hay duelling place, at ten houris forro novne or # thairby, before thir witnes: Arthure Jak, seruand to the chalmerlane of Glasgw, # William Tempill, Robert Rust, with vtheris diuers. [}19 JUNE 1571.}] The inqueist findis Johne Bell dissobedient to the baillie # that wald nocht obey the said baillies charge quhen he molestit and trublit the # tovne, and thairfore ordanis the said Johne Bell to compeir at the mercat # croce and ask Patrik Newtoun baillie forgifnes, and to find caustioun to obey # officiaris in tymes cuming, vnder the pane of banissing the tovne and his # body to be pvnist conforme to the lawis of the realme. And ordanis gif ony fremen within the libertie of burgh # dissobeyis the baillies or ony vtheris officiaris to forfalt thair liberte and # fredome, and vnfremen or seruandis dissobeyand to be banisst the tovne for euir, and # this act of ordinance to be vsit in all tymes cuming. The inqueist ordanis the baillies and counsale to vesy and # sycht quhair Johne Patersone desyris the chep to be biggit and lat him haif # it be ane sufficient rowme, nocht hurtand the hie passage and kingis streit, # conforme to the vse of the tovne and ordour of burro lawis. [}27 JULY 1571.}] The baillies ordanis the officiaris to warne the # inhabitantis of the burgh of Peblis to pay thair day werkkis awand be thame vnpaiit to # the brig werk, vnder the pane of poynding of thair guddis vsit and wont, and # failyene thairof committis Stene Robesone vphaldare of the said brig # werk to poynd thairfore als weill in tymes cuming as for the byganis. The baillies and communite ordanis the quarter of the tovne # to walk nychtlie, and to elect ane maist honest man of the said quarter # quartermaister, and to obey the officiaris as thai salbe commandit vnder the # pane of ane vnlaw als oft as thai failye.

[}12 SEPTEMBER 1571.}] The baillies and counsale ordanis Dauid Creichtoun, # scoilmaister, to be ansuerit of x lib. of the xlvj li. ij s. viij d. taxt quhilk # wes collectit and gadderit for the men of weir to gang to Leith, and that of the superplus # of the said sovme, and the rest thairof to be deliuerit to the # officiariis and Andro Frank. [}1 OCTOBER 1571.}] The quhilk day, Andro Alexander producit in jugement, afore # the electing and chesing of the provest and baillies of the burgh # of Peblis, our Souerane Lordis letteres chargeing William lord Hay of Yester # provest, Johne Horsbruk, Patrik Newtoun, baillies of the said burgh, # makkand mentioun: Forsamekle as vmquhile our derrest cousing, James # erle of Murray lord Abirnethy regent to ws our realme and liegis, quha # restis with God, wrait to the provest and baillies of Peblis, nocht onlie # in the yere of God j=m= v=c= lxviij yeris but also before the feist of # Michaelmes in the yeir of God lxix yeris, anent the chesing of their baillies and # commoun officiaris of the maist honest worthy and sufficient men within thair toun # that war nocht of factions nor hes nor had melling and intromissioun # with thair commoun gude and kirk graith to thair privat vses, to the # effect that the samin mycht haif bene employit to the bigging of ane wall about # our said burgh to resist the invasioun of thevis, quhairvnto our said # vmquhile cousing wes willing to hald hand that the samin mycht be performit; # nochtwithstanding our derrest gudschir Matho erle of Levinax lord Dernlie, our lauchfull tutour and now regent to ws our realme and liegis, # vnderstandis that thair is na thing done be the saidis provest and baillies # to sa gud ane actioun tending samekle to the commoun weill of our said burgh # and eais of our Prince liegis within the samin, bot the saidis commoun gude # and kirk graith intromettit witht and desponit be sum particular # persones mair regardand thair awne privat proffitt and commodite nor the # publict weill of the samin burgh; for remeid quhairof our will is and we charge # yow straitlie and commandis that, incontinent thir our letteres sene, ye pas # and in our name and authorite command and charge the saidis provest and # baillies of our said burgh of Peblis now present to tak compt and # rakkynning of the persones intromettouris quhatsumeuer with the said commoun # gude and

kirk graith, and thairefter caus ilk ane of thame for thair # awne part to rander restore and deliuer the samin agane, so far as thai haif # intromettit with, to the saidis provest and baillies or to the collectour that # thai sall appoynt for the resset thairof, to the effect that with the avise of # the counsale and communite of our said burgh the samin may be applyit to the # commoun weill thairof in bigging of ane wall thairabout, within sax # dayis nixt efter the saidis provest and baillies be chargit be yow thairto, vnder # the pane of rebellioun and putting of thame to our horne, or ellis that # thai vpone the samin sax day compeir personalie afor our said derrast gudsire # and regent and lordis of our secreit counsale at Edinburgh or quhair it # salhappin thame to be for the tyme and schaw ane ressonabill caus quhy the same # suld nocht be done, with certificatioun to thame and thai failye, our # vtheris letteres salbe direct simpliciter to put thame to our horne and all thair # moveable gudis escheit and inbrocht till our vse for thair contemptioun, # according to justice, as ye will ansuer to ws thairupone; the quhilk do we commit to # yow coniunctlie and seueralie our haill power be thir our letteres, # deliuering thame be yow dewlie execut and indorsat agane to the berare. # Geving vnder our signet, and subscriuit be our said derrast gudschir # and regent, at Edinburgh the xj day of September and of our regne the ferd # yere. Efter productioun of the quhilk charge and charge geving, the said # Andro Alexander askit instrument that the saidis provest and # baillies of the said burgh obeyit the saidis letteres and contentis thairof in all # tymes cuming, and tak compt rakkyning as said is, and apply the samin to the # walling of our said burgh, vnder the pane foirsaid. (\Electi pro balliuis fiendis\): [^LIST OF NAMES OMITTED^] The said day James Wilsone and William Dikesone, be commoun # vot of the provest baillies and communite of the said burgh, is # chosing baillies for ane yere, and maid thair aithis as vse is for administratioun # of justice, baith to poore and riche, and ressauit the wand thairof in # signe and takin of the samin. [}5 DECEMBER 1571.}] The haill inqueist ordanis the interprisaris of the wall to # fall to the werk the morne, and lift the dykis quhatsumeuer appoyntit, and # lay to the

werk and compleit the samin as the rest is, safare as the # stanis will serf; and that na man molest truble nor cummer thame thair seruandis # in lifting of the saidis stanis and dikis as said is, vnder the # pane of viij s. vnforgeving. Siclike, ordanis that ane of the baillies, accompanit with # four or five honest men, pas throuch the mercat wolklie and inhibit that na # man, regratand the mercat, by ony meill bot samekle as will sustene # the byaris for viij dayis alanerlie, and that na meill be sauld afore tua # efter novne nor efter sax, and that all meill be presentit to the mercat met # and sauld thairintill and in nane vther place, and that the meill be als # gud in the sek ers as in the mouth thairof, providing alwayis gif ony meill in # tymes cuming be apprehendit in houssis furth of the mercat the samin # sall pay to the officiar apprehendare thairof ane firlot of meill and the # rest of the sek to be delt to the poore folk, and that na nychtbour within the # tovne by meill to ony landwart man that is ane cowpare of meill vnder # the pane of viij s. vnforgeving. The inqueist ordanis the dissobeyaris and contempnaris of # the kirk to be pvnist be the baillies as accordis, efter the vse and # consuetude of vther reformit townis. [}19 DECEMBER 1571.}] The baillies tuk apone hand to preif the contentis of our # Souerane Lordis letteres producit be Dauid Creichtoun tuiching his # stipend contenand the sovme of xx li. payit, viz., x lib. thairof be the baillies # and ten pundis be Stene Robesone, and that at my lord incuming in the # cuntre, and als to preif that he wes lauchfullie dischargit fra the # instructioun of the scoleris and scoill in Januare in (\anno Domini\) j=m= v=c= # and thre score nyne yeris, and thairupone the baillies askit instrument. To the quhilk ansuerit Dauid Creichtoun that he wes nocht # lauchfullie warnit be the said Mertyn Hay as baillie to remoif of his # office as is allegit, becaus the said Mertyn being half member of court for the tyme # and havand Stene Robesone his college and William lord of Yester as # provest and superiour onto thame, on tha wayis the said Mertyn culd # [{nocht{] mak intimatioun of warnyng to the said Dauid without consent of the said # provest and college forsaid counsale and communite of the said burgh, and # als gevand

and nocht grantand ony warnyng wes maid the said Dauid act of # admissioun and continewance thairof in his office is of ane latter dait, # and thairefter being lauchfullie warnit xl dayis precedand the thrid day of # Maii (\anno\) 1571, and desyrit interloquutour thairupone. The said day the interloquutour findis that the baillies may # sit apone spulye and wrang committit amangnis nychtbouris within thair # selffis as weill as the scheref principale may within the schyre. [}14 JANUARY 1571.}] The inqueist ordanis the baillies to put Johne Kirkwod of # the tovne, and gif he dissobeyis to set ane birnyng irne on his cheik and # banis him the tovne for euer. The inqueist ordanis the custum to be ropit be opping # proclamatioun on Tuesday the mercat. [}1 FEBRUARY 1571.}] The quhilk day, comperit Johne Dikesone, takkisman of the # burraige custum of Peblis set to him be the baillies counsale and maist # part of the communite for the tyme, quhilk tak as yit is nocht expirit, and # als allegit that the inqueist quha gaf command to roip and proclame the # same hes na jurisdictioun nor power thairof, bot alanerlie all inqueistis # to pas apone seruing of brevis gif ony war, and as tuiching custumis milnis # and hillis and all commoun effaris auch to be ropit and set be avise of # the provest baillies and counsale conforme to the ordour of this tovne to # the space of xl yeris bygane or thairby, and to verify the said allegeance # he producit my lord provest hand writt that he never consentit, and siclike # that na counsale is chosing quhairthrouch na power thair is to seclude nor put # him thairfra as is allegit. The said day Johne Dikesone producit his tak of the said # custum red in jugement, in the quhilk tak thair wes certane dayis thairof to # ryn, viz., four dayis and that he aucht to be warnit be provest baillies # and counsale and ordour of thame be quham he had the said tak of before or # he removit. The said day, Johne Dikesone comperit, ane of the counsale # for the tyme, and allegit thair is ane act maid be the provest baillies # and counsale

that na freman suld be maid in na tymes cuming vnto the tyme # thai maid residence within the tovne yere and day, quhairthrouch thair # qualities and conditionis mycht be knawing, and siclike nocht to be admittit # afore compositioun be maid be the provest baillies and counsale for the tyme, and gif the baillies will breck the samin that it suld nocht # pervert the ordour in this tyme, and desyris the names of the interloquutour gif thai # pervert the said ordour. [}6 FEBRUARY 1571.}] The burro court of Peblis, halding in the tolbuth of that # ilk, be James Wilsone and William Dikesone baillies, set for commoun effaris, # and specialie for the setting of the custum, the vj day of Februare # (\anno\) 1571, the suttis callit, the court affirmit, the absentis in ane # amerciament; Johne Mathosone, dempstare; Adam Gilleis, Patrik Williamsone, # officiaris; etc. (\Assisa\) : [^LIST OF NAMES OMITTED^] Johne Dikesone, takkisman of the custum, baillies counsale # and communite of the burgh of Peblis hes chosing this inqueist abone writting # as newtrale and vnsuspect persones be baith partiis to tak ordour # anentis the roping and setting of the custum for the commoun weill to maist # hieast availl, and thairupone the baillies requirit instrument. The haill inqueist all in ane voce, except Andro Frank, # fyndis it necessare that the custum be ropit to the maist availl for the commoun # weill, conforme to the actis maid thairupone of before, and thai that # will gif maist thairfore to be hard and thair tak to begyn on Candilmes ewin, # viz., the first day of Februare. The haill inqueist ordanis the baillies to sycht thair # evidentis infeftementis and rentalis of the small benefices within the burgh of Peblis, # and beand awisit thairwith to gif maister Thomas Cranstoun minister # and maister Andro Cranstoun his sone ane resolut ansuer of thair # billis tuiching thair stipendis. The baillies counsale and communte of the burgh of Peblis, # beand convenit counsalie togidder for to rope thair custum to the availl and # maist

hieast price for the commoun weill, hes all in ane voce set the # said custum to Mertyn Hay, burges of Peblis, for ane yere, enterand thairto # at the first day of Februare, and to brook and jois the same peceabillie and # lift all and sindry small custumis and proffittis pertenand thairto, and # sall pay thairfore fourty five merkis gude and vsuale money of Scotland .... to # the baillies of Peblis to pay the chakkare with; and als the said # Mertyn sall vphald the metlummis, viz., firlottis, pekkis and wey balkis # sufficientlie and deliuer thame sufficient at the ische of the said yere tak. Maister Andro Cranstoun tuk instrument in cace he get nocht # ane resolute ansuer betuix this and the nixt court he dischargit # him of the seruis of the scoill. [}1 MARCH 1571.}] The quhilk day, the baillie convenit the haill inhabitantis # of the burgh of Peblis, and publist and red oppinglie in jugement our # Souerane Lord his Regent graces and lordis of secreit counsale, akknawlegeing the # King as our Souerane onlie, his regent lieutennent and dewtifull subiectis, # conforme to the contentis of his graces act, of the quhilk the tennour # followis: (\Apud Leyth penultimo Februarii anno Domini j=m=v=c=lxxj=o=\). The # quhilk day, in presens of my lord regent grace and lordis of secreit counsale, # comperit Johne Dikesone of Winkestoun, William Dikesone his brother, # baillie of the toun of Peblis, Adam Bell, Johne Wod and Thomas Hesilhope # burgessis thairof, for thame selffis and in name and behalf of the # remanent inhabitantis of the samin, for quham thai ar presentlie content # and takis in hand to ansuer for, vpone the obseruatioun of the # conditionis following, that is to say that thai euery ane of thame sall # acknawlege as thai do presentlie the kingis Maiestie for thair onlie # Souerane, that thai sall serue and obey his hienes his regent and authorite as # becummis dewtifull subjectis, and siclike that thai sall nocht resset # supple nor intercommoun with Thomas Ker sumtyme of Pharnyhirst knycht, Thomas Ker sumtyme of Caveris, James Ormistoun sumtyme of that ilk, # maister Johne Moscrope aduocat, or ony vtheris declarit tratouris and # notorious rebellis aganis our said Souerane Lord and his authorite, bot sall ryis # assist and serue his hienes or lieutennentis havand his Maiesties # authorite in the furthsetting thairof aganis al withstandaris of the same. The # quhilk to do

the persones abone writting comperand, takand the burding vpone # thame for thame selffis and vtheris that thai haif promysit for as # said is, hes faythfullie bund oblist and sworne thame selffis ay thai will # ansuer to God, and vnder the pane of periurie defamatioun and tinsall of # perpetuale estimatioun and credit, and in cace thai do in the contrare to be comptit faithles manesworne and defamit for euer and sall never haif # place to stand in jugement or to beir office and witnes, bot to be haldand as # tratouris and infidelis perpetualie. Attour my lord regentis grace and # counsale ordanis and commandis the forsaidis persones comperand as said is to # communicat thir conditiones to the remanent inhabitantis of the said burgh # of Peblis, and to tak the like aith of thame for obseruatioun of the samin, # and in cace ony mak refuis that it be reportit agane to his grace and # counsale that ordour may be takin with thame as appertenis. (\Extractum de # libro actorum secreti consilii supremi D.N. Regis per me Alexandrum # Hay deputatum clerici eiusdem, sub meis signo et subscriptione # manualibus. Sic subscribitur: Alexander Hay\). Of the productioun # publissing and reding of the samin the baillies desyrit the samin inhabitantis # of the said burgh to obtemper and obey the said writting, conforme to the # contentis thairof, quha all in ane voce maid thair aithis to fulfill the # samin as said is, and in signe and taking of thair said obedience and # acknawleging of our Souerane his graces regent and authorite as dewtifull # subiectis, the saidis baillies and inhabitantis hes subscriuit the samin in # maner following day yere and place foirsaidis. (\Sic subscribitur\). [}12 MARCH 1571.}] The inqueist ordanis the prebendariis to produce thair # giftis of thair prebendis betuix this and the nixt court. Item, ordanis the baillies to write to my lord for the key # of the commoun kist quhilk he hes in keping, and haif his ansuer thairupone, # that the commoun buikis and vtheris evidentis may be sychtit. Item, ordanis the baillies to pvnis all regratouris conforme # to the auld actis maid thairupone of before, vtherwayis thai will nocht cum # apone inqueist or assise. The inqueist ordanis the baillies to elect ane counsale to # decerne apone all actiones concernyng commoun effaris, and thairefter Adam # Dik to mak

his bill and gif into the provest and counsale anentis that # part of land that he desyris in fewferme in Sanct Michaell wynde. Item, the inqueist ordanis the baillies to assist the # ordinances of the kirk and actis of parliament anentis the pvnisment of # excommunicat persones. Item, ordanis Dauid Creichtoun, scoilmaister for the tyme, # to be payit his fiall safar as he maid seruis vndischargit, compt and # rakkynning beand first maid of his ressait. Item, ordanis Andro Frank to mak compt and rakkynning of the # pulder and leid that he ressauit and thairefter to tak ordour # thairwith. The inqueist ordanis the minister, Mr Thomas Cranstoun, to # vse his assignatioun maid to him be the collectour anentis his stipend. [}31 MARCH 1572.}] The baillies, with avise of ane certane honest men, convenit # for the commoun welth of the tovne, statutis and ordanis that the haill half # tovne walk nychtle, begynnand at nyne houris at evin, and remane # quhill v houris on the morne, to that effect the swische sall strike # at thair entres and at thair departing, having thir viij men to be quarter # maisteris, viz., Alexander Gowane, Patrik Dikesone, James Gowane younger, # James Hoppringill; for the vther quarter, Mertyn Hay, Johne Wychtman, William Bell, George Horsbruk; for the vther quarter, Patrik # Vache, Thomas Hesilhope, James Tuedy, Johne Scot; and for the last # quarter, Hectour Cranstoun, Thomas Tuedy, Johne Horsbruk, Adam Dikesone; quha sall tak attendance to the said wauchis euirilk nycht, # baith out and in, that thai do thair diligence as thai will ansuer first to # God, the King and commoun welth of the tovne. Provyding that quhen ane fray # occurris and warnyng maid be the wauche euery man without exceptioun of persones salbe reddy apone the Hie Gait with his armour ather # at the stryking of the swysche or ringing of the commoun bell # incontinent, vnder the pane of ten li. the first falt, the secund falt xx li., the # thrid falt [^blank^]; and for obseruing of this ordour in tymes cuming the swische to # strike at the Eist Port and the bell to ring at the West Port, and the # panis to be vpliftit be the baillies incontinent efter the falt, and in # cace thai failye the

baillies to pay the pane of the falt of thair awne gudis; # provyding alwayis that the out wauchis salbe ordourit be appoyntement of the # quarter maisteris and gif thai be found necligent to be pvnist at the # baillies sycht. Siclike, it is statute and ordanit that the haill # inhabitantis of the said [{toun{] euery ane to big thair awne heid-rovme betuix the # Tolbuth to Peblis brig and sua about the south syde of the tovne to the Eist # Werk, the haill communite to help to big it with dry stanis sasone and safare # as is within thame selffis, and quhair superabundance of stanis is to help # vtheris thairwith that mistaris, and this to be done within viij nychtis, and # quha failyeis heirintill to pay xl s. of pane, provyding alwayis # that all the inhabitantis betuix the Tolbuith and the Eist Port transport the dykis # within the wall to the work to be layit in dyke and wall that the # interprisaris of the work may big the samin and clois the port as efferis. And siclike ordanis Johne Wychtman, accumpanit with thre # vtheris nychtbouris as the baillies and honest men sall think # expedient, with the tovne commissioun, to pas to Leith and to gif in ane bill to # my lord regent grace and counsale to lament our heirschippis as salbe geving # in writting to thame. [}7 APRIL 1572.}] The baillies and communite ordanis to send tua honest men # with thair commissioun to the regent grace and lordis of counsale to # lament thair heirschippis and reiffis, and siclike to tak ordour quhow the # pulder salbe payit and disponit. Ordanis the slatis of all the portis and # Briggait wicket to be bandit with irne, and ordanis the Briggait port to be # biggit vp and condampnit. Siclik, ordanis to provide Adam Hog to keip the # gunnis in the Eist Port. James Kid to vse the swische. Item, to caus mak # the crukkis to the port in the new wall. Siclik ordanis to sycht # the landis of Caidmuir newlie rewin furth on Hundelishope syde and thairefter # to despone as thai think expedient. [}18 APRIL 1572.}] The baillies and honest men of the tovne beand present for # the tyme ordanis to elect iiij or viij young men to poynd for the # absence and dissobedience

of the wauche as quarter maisteris havand power thairof without partialite to poynd viij s. vnforgeving, the ane half thairof # to drink, the vther to the commoun welth to be applyit. Ordanis to tak ordour with # Johne Ra in the stepill. Ordanis to put ane gunner to the Eist Werk # to furnis pulder to the gunnis. The electing of the scoilmaister to the counsale. And the quarter maister is to caus compell poynd and # destrenye all thame quha ar nocht bent for the defence of the tovne, baith in body # and gudis, wappynis fortalices and dykis; and to caus Sir Johne Allane and # Thomas Lawder set fordwart the walling of the tovne with expeditioun, # and that all the inhabitantis within the burgh do as thai ar oblist to bring # in thair carechis of lyme restand bygane and to cum for furthsetting of the samin. Item, to caus the Briggat Port to be biggit vp and # condampnit.... And caus the interprisaris of the werk to be ansuerit thairof # conforme to the indentis maid thairupone. Siclike, ordanis the baillies and communite to write to my # lord provest of all effairis concernyng commoun welth, conforme to the actis # maid of before be the ordinances and deliuerances of diuers inqueistis and # haill communite, to cum and assist ws as our superiour and ourisman incontinent, # with certificatioun and his lordschip cum nocht thai will do the nixt best for the commoun welth of the tovne and discharge him of ony office in # tymes cumming, and to cheis ane counsale on Weddynisday nixt to cum without # ony continewatioun. The names of the travellaris that is admittit be the provest # and baillies to cary victualis to Drumfreis as faithfull trew men: [^LIST OF NAMES OMITTED^] . [}30 APRIL 1572.}] The inqueist ordanis the Venlaw to be let in gerssowmes to # the maist availl for this present yere, becaus thai applyit thair haill # commoun gudis to the walling of the tovne, and to hald all bestiall thairof and # keip the samin for all gudis quhill it be sett in sowmes vnder the pane of # viij s.

The inqueist ordanis that na wautsche pas to ony part fra # the setting thairof to the scaling of the samin bot as the quarter # maisteris commandis, vnder the pane of viij s. vnforgeving; and that nane pas to # drink in tyme of watsching, vnder the pane forsaid, and the oistlare that sellis # to ony of the wautsche ony drink sall pay viij s. of vnlaw vnforgeving. And that na crelis be vsit in the milnis the tyme of # smoltis, vnder the pane of viij s. vnlaw and cutting of the creill set. Ordanis to discharge ony meill to be sald in Innerlethane in # tymes cuming, except it be to fremen, by the mercat day of the burgh of # Peblis, vnder the pane of eschaeting of the samin. [}10 MAY 1572.}] William Kello, burges of Peblis, is becumit causcioun and # souerte to deliuer the pavaleoun of the burgh of Peblis, and all # necessariis pertenand thairto, within the said burgh agane in the commoun hous # thairof, quhilk my lord provest borrowit to the perambuling of his landis of # Gladmur, Vpstoun and Crabrovne, within xv dayis nixt thairefter, vnder the pane # of fourty pundis; and the said provest bunding for the said William Kello # releif, before thir witnes: William Lawder and Sir Johne Allane notare # publict. [^19 MAY 1572 OMITTED INCL. A LIST OF WEAPONS^]

[}26 MAY 1572.}] The said day, James Wilsone baillie, in absence of William # Dikesone his college, causit convene the haill nychtbouris and inhabitantis # of the burgh of Peblis be thair officiaris to treit vpone commoun effaris, # and speciale to avoid this inconvenient now laitlie falling betuix the burgh # of Peblis and the bordouris thevis and revaris, and haif tane four sworne men # as speciale to be principall chargearis and commandaris of the inhabitantis # vtouth the tovne in fra and following and to assist within the burgh with # the maiestratis for pvnisment of dissobeyaris, and becaus the said baillie wes # vnabill of his awne persone offerit to ony abill man that wald accept # his office he wald gif largelie of his awne geir, viz., ane kow with ane # followare, his baillie fee and vtheris accidentis that appertenit to his office, and # nane wald accept his office of his hand nochtwithstanding the offer foirsaid, # and than incontinent thairefter the said baillie, with avise of the nychtbouris # present for the tyme ordanit the saidis nychtbouris and inhabitantis of the # said burgh of Peblis, to convene in the tolbutht thairof on Weddynnisday # nixtocum be ix houris forro novne, vnder the pane of viij s. vnforgeing, # and protestit gif ony inconvenient happynnit to fall in the meyntyme that he war # blameles thairof becaus he culd haif na obedience of the saidis # nychtbouris. [}28 MAY 1572.}] The counsale sworne for this present yere to Michaelmes # nixtocum: - My lord provest; [^LIST OF NAMES OMITTED^] . Subscriuit be my lord provest and baillies; and thir persones # vnderwritting chosing to augment the nowmer for forthir setting furth of commone welth # as efter followis: - [^LIST OF NAMES OMITTED^] .

The counsale abone writting ordanis the wauche to stand as # it wes of befoir till my lord incuming in the cuntre, and thairefter to # tak ordour thairof as the counsale thinkis expedient, and ordanis ane # blynd man to be suttit and quhat ressonabill compositioun thai mak to releif # the sutour thairof; and ordanis Johne Hay, James Hoppringill, Johne # Horsbruk, Patrik Vache, Gilbert Tuedy, Thomas Tuedy to sut diligently the said # blind man. Ordanis the Eist Werk to be kepit and the artailyerie to be # schot be Adam Hog, and to be oursene be Patrik Newtoun, quhilk Patrik # sall distribute the pulder as necessite occurris. Ordanis Johne Portus to be # conducit to walk nychtlie on the Eist Wark, enterand at ix houris at # ewin quhill thre houris in the mornyng quhill the nycht grow langar, and # thairefter Johne Wilsone to pas to the hous heid and till remain quhill vij # houris in the mornyng; and that the Eist Port be nocht opynnit quhill v # houris in the mornyng, and steik the samin at ix houris at ewin quhill the # nycht grow langare; and that gunnaris that may nocht furnys thameself # pulder to haif sum pairt of the townis expensis in tyme of frayis and neid. The brekaris of the iij=xx= li. taxt for commoun effaris: - # [^LIST OF NAMES OMITTED^] The vesyaris of the wappynnis and armour of the burgh of # Peblis as efter followis: - [^LIST OF NAMES OMITTED^] Item, it is statut and ordanit that na man nor bestiall, sic # as scheip hors swyne nolt, be found within vtheris yardis in tymes cuming, and # to clois vp thair yaird futtis within the closis to keip the samin, vnder # the pane of viij s. of vnlaw vnforgeving. Item, ordanis all the heid dykis betuix Sanct Michaell Wynde # and Peblis brig to be sufficientlie biggit with all diligence betuix this # and Sonday nixtocum, vnder the pane of viij s. Item, ordanis ane new port to be biggit to the new wall of # the reddyest tymber of the kirk tymmer, and to fall to wirk the morne, and # ordanis Sir Johne Allane and Thomas Lawder to fall to the bigging of the # werk the morn and to begyn quhair thai left.

[}9 JUNE 1572.}] Ordanis the merchis of Caidmuir to be ridding, ald vsit and # wont, efter novne, and all inhabitantis within the said burgh to be reddy # to pas with the provest and baillies at the stryking of the swische efter # novne, ilk persone vnder the pane of viij s. of vnlaw vnforgeving. Ordanis the provest and baillies to caus serce and seik all # vagabundis that hantis or resortis inwith the liberte of burgh that thai may be # notit and dischargit the tovne in all tymes cuming. The provest baillies and thair assessouris present for the # tyme fyndis that ather Stene Robesone and James Hoppringill in ane wrang in # trubling of the court the fourt day of Junii instant, and for that caus the # saidis persones respectiue referris thame in the provest and baillies will for # amendement to be maid at thair plesour. [}19 JUNE 1572.}] The ordinances of the counsale, viz., [^LIST OF NAMES # OMITTED^] The counsale ordanis Sir Johne Allane and Thomas Lauder to # enter to the wark the morne, and to big safare as lyme is reddy or may be # performit, and to wirk continewalie quhill lyme may be had, and failyene of # lyme to lay dry werk in all places necessar quhair the counsale thinkis # maist expedient and maist danger, and ordanis all that ar addettit in payment # of carechis of lyme to the wirk, baith Auld Towne and vtheris, to send hors # that hes thame or than fe hors on thair expensis to bring in thair carache to # the werk as thai salbe chargit be the officiaris, or than gif siluer to the # interprisaris for ilk carache as the interprisaris of the werk payis thame self # to the lyme men, viz., for ilk careche thre s., vnder the pane of dowble # vnlaw by the price of the lyme that hes nocht brocht in thair careche the # first yere to the werk. Item, ordanis the tovne to be dividit in thre quarteris # begynnand first at Johne Ecfurd in North-gait to Patrik Dikesone, fra Patrik # Dikesone to Wille Ecfurd, fra Wille Ecfurd to Johne Ecfurd; and to enter to # the day

wauche at v houris in the mornyng and in the middis of the day # to lok the portis be the kepare thairof in tyme of dyner, or ellis to put # ane kepare to the port, and he that kepis the port that day salbe dischargit # of the nycht wautsche, and quha failyeis sall pay dowble vnlaw; and gif thai # sie ony men rydand or gangand to the tovne, to steik the portis vnto the # tyme it be knawin quhat thai ar, quhidder freindis or fayis, and quhair # thai luge and takkis harbery the maister of the hous to cum to the baillies # and fynd souerte that thai salbe honest and faithfull men. And siclike ordanis the cornes on Caidmuir that is # wranguslie sawin to be eting or thai be schorne quhen the provest and baillis makkis # aduertisment be the stryking of the swische or ringing of the commoun bell, # vnder the pane of dowble wnlaw vnforgeving. Item, ordanis Adam Hog and Gawin Charteris to gang to the # Eist Port nychtlie and remane thair, enterand at nyne houris and to # remane quhill five houris in the mornyng, and Hectour Cranstoun and Dauid Ecfurd # to enter to Johne Hay chalmer and remane as said is, and Patrik Lowys # and Andro Frank to pas and keip the stepill as said is, vnder the panes # foirsaid. [}2 JULY 1572.}] William Dikesone of Winkestoun, takkand the burding in and # vpone him for himself his kin freindis sones barnes assistaris and # parttakkaris, bindis thame in presens of my lord Yester provest and baillies # counsale and communite of the burgh of Peblis, byndis thame nouthir to molest cummer perturbe [{or{] to mak ony inquietatioun ony maner of way to # ony persone or persones to invaid thame or ony of thame in tymes cuming, # outhir in thair persones or gudis bot as law requiris. And siclike the # baillies and communite bindis thame in like maner that thai nor nane of thame sall # molest perturbe truble nor cummer the said lard of Winkeston nor his # freindis foirsaidis in body or gudis in all caussis and caces concernyng thair # commoun welth, but ilk ane assist vtheris as kyndlie and hartlie # nychtbouris vnder the pane of periurie. [}30 AUGUST 1572.}] My lord provest baillies counsale and communite of the burgh # of Peblis ordanis the first taxt gadderit to mak compt of the desponyng # thairof, and

the vther taxt to be collectit and gadderit quhilk wes ordanit # for crukkis of the port and bandis, for pulder, blynd man and watschis and # vtheris commoun effaris, the tane half thairof on Monunday nixtocum and to be # deliuerit to Patrik Newtoun and the vther half thairof within viij day, and # the said Patrik to despone the samin be avise of the provest baillies # counsale and communite. And ordanis ane of the baillies, with ane honest man and # nychtbour, pas to Striveling to the conventioun and to pay the chakkare. Ordanis the crukkis of the port to be payit to James # Wilsone, baillie, and his vtheris small comptis that he hes deburset sen he wes # baillie. My lord confessis to deliuer the key of the commoun kist # quhilk he hes in keping to the baillies and counsale and communite. Item, ordanis thame that is vtouth the new north port that # will nocht obey to watsche inwith the tovne to pas to the vtmost north # port ilk nycht thair cours about and walk thair as the rest of the tovne dois # nychtlie, kepand the hour of thair entre and departing, vnder the pane of # x s. vnforgeving; and als ordanis ane watsche to be nychtlie on the eist port on # the tovne expensis. [}6 OCTOBER 1572.}] The said day, Alexander Gowane and Johne Horsbruk wes # electit baillies, sworne and admittit. The said day Johne Fraser messinger # producit our Souerane Lord letteres that na man suld be electit in office # except thame that wes innocent of kirk graith, commoun geir and actuale # merchandice, alanerlie. The said [{day{] William lord Hay of Yester wes electit and # chosing provest for ane yere alanerlie; and Sir Johne Allane ratifiit clerk in # his office thairof, conforme to his gift vnder the tovne commoun seill; and # thairupone the said persones askit instrument. [}16 OCTOBER 1572.}] The haill inqueist ordanis ane quarter of the maist honest # men of the tovne walk nychtlie, and the baillies to ressaue the foir # watsche, and thai to deput ane honest man nychtlie to direct the hind wauche, and to # remane quhill the hinder watsche be on fut and enter, and ane of the # hind watsche

to attend quhill the sone ryse on the morne, and thre of ilk # quarter to enter in the glomyng and to remane quhill the nycht watsche be set. # And ordanis the wobstaris to keip thair watsche siclik quarterlie # as afore. And thame that is vtouth the new north port to walk. Ordanis the compt of the taxt to be maid on Saturday # nixtocum, and the rest that is nocht payit to be poyndit for. Ordanis the knok to be rewillit in auld maner vsit and wont, # and to gar hir stryke nychtlie, and to ring coverfyre xij houris and sax # houris vsit and wont. Ordanis the watsche nychtlie to be on the eist port; and the # key of the eist port to be geving in keping to Alexander Gowane baillie, # the key of the north port to Johne Fresall to be kepit, the key of the # wikket to Johne Mathosone; and to steik the portis with day lycht and opping # thame on the morne at day lycht alsweill the portis as wickettis. Ordanis all that lepis the wall to be pvnist be warding of # thair bodyis in irnes xxiiij houris the first falt, the secund falt banissing # of the tovne, the thrid falt deid, etc. Ordanis all berne durris that standis with the wall to be # ramforcit and condampnit vnder the pane of viij s. als oft as thai failye. Continewis the scoilmaister chesing to the haill counsale. Ordanis the haill inhabitantis of the tovne of Peblis to # convene at sevin houris at morne, ane of euirilk hous, with barrowis and mandis # to beir stanis with to the wall rownd about to be heichtit with dry # stane, begynnand at the eist port, ilk persone vnder the pane of ane vnlaw. Ordanis the palyeone to be brocht hame, and failyene thairof # to poynd Wille Kelle thairfore. The inqueist findis Gilbert Andersone and Johne Edmond ilk # ane in ane wrang in trubling of the watsche in Youle last wes. The inqueist fyndis Makkyn in the wrang in trubling of the # tovne and makkyn bargane with Johne Makke, and findis the said Makkin ane # vagabund and ordanis him to be banist the tovne.

The witnes of Besse Craufurd sow slaying: John Kirkwod # solutus, of the age of xxviij yeris or thairby, sworne and admittit, deponis # that he is innocent of the slauchter of the said sow and knawis nocht the stryking # thairof. William Tempill, spousit; Arche Patersone, solutus; William # Andersone, solutus; Niniane Portus, mariit; and Johne Hendersone, solutus, # [{severally depone{] with the said witnes in all thingis. [}23 OCTOBER 1572.}] The inqueist fyndis Jonet Patersone in the wrang for # invading of Thomas Ewmond wif, casting stanis at hir beseging hir in hir awne # hous, quhairthrouch scho is lyand in danger of hir life. The inqueist findis baith James Lowys and Eduard Gowane in # the wrang in trubling of the tovne, makkand provocatioun of wordis and ilk # ane casting stanis till vtheris, and dome geving thairupone. [}5 NOVEMBER 1572.}] The juges refusis to sit apone Johne Stensone actioun # persewit aganis Johne Fairle anentis the hurting of him and modifying of the # expensis in curing of his hurt sustenit be him thairintill to the # barbouris, and thairupone the said Johne askit instrument and protestit for remeid of # law. The said day, in the actioun and caus persewit be Johne # Tuedy student, prebendar of the Rude aulter and Haily Blude situat within the # college kirk of Sanct Andro the Apostle in Peblis, aganis thir persones # respectiue vnder writting, heretouris and occupiaris of the landis vnder # specifiit, makkand mentioun quhair the said Johne is lauchfulle providit to the # prebendarie of the said Rude and Haly Blude, be vertu of the quhilk the landis # annuell rentis dewiteis fewis fermes and emolimentis pertenyng to the # said prebendarie pertenis to the said Johne Tuedy, and it is of verite that the # said Johne hes bene in peciabill possessioun of the vptakin of the # maist pairt of the dewiteis respectiue thairof sen the deceis of vmquhile # Sir James Dauidsone his predecessour, quha decessit in the moneth of # Februare (\anno\) 1568, and howbeit the annuellis rentis and dewiteis of the # landis after following, pertenyng and occupiit be the persones efter specifiit, # pertenis to the said Johne prebendare foirsaid, and his vmquhile predecessour # Sir James

Dauidsone and vtheris his predecessouris of befor wes in # peceabill possessioun thairof during thair lifetyme, viz., in peciable vptaking and # lifting of vij s. of annuell rent yerelie furth of ane foir buth pertenand # to Mertyn Craufurd lyand at the eist port at the north syde of the samin # within the burgh of Peblis, furth of the commoun milnis or commoun gudis # of the burgh of Peblis yerelie fourty s. of annualrent yerelie, furth # of the lands of Dauid Dikesone in Cunye Nuke yerelie xiij s. iiij d. of # annualrent, furth of the landis of Johne Andersone lyand on the est syde of the # Northgait on the north syde of the new port xiiij s. iiij d. yerelie of # annualrent, furth of the land of Sanct Peter and Paule vtouth the north port v s. # of annuell rent yerelie, furth of the landis of vmquhile Michaell Smyth # lyand in the Auld Tovne iij s. of annuell yerelie; item, the haill croce # house at the eist port; furth of the landis of William Gledstanis now # heretabillie pertenyng to Helene Robesone vj s. viij d..... ane acre of land in # Smeithfeild pertenand in patrimony to the said altare callit the Rude Acre; # item, ane rude of land occupiit be vmquhile Johne Dikesone at the north # port pertenand in patrimony to the said altare; item, ane acre of land lyand # on the south syde of Sanct Andro Kirk pertenand in patrimony to the # said altare; [^EDITOR'S COMMENT OMITTED^] The persones respectiue abone writting beand callit and # convenit afore the provest and baillies of the burgh of Peblis to heir and se # decretis be geving at the instance of the said Johne Tuedy, prebendare foirsaid, # and the landis abone specifiit to be poyndit be thair officiaris for the byrun # annuellis abone mentionat sen the deceis of the said vmquhile Sir James # Dauidsone his predecessour, and siclike yerelie and termelie in tyme cuming, # conforme to the desyre of the said Johne clame, and the foirsaidis persones # comperand in jugement denyit the said clame, and syne beand admittit to # the said Johne probatioun, sindry dayis being assignit for probatioun # thairof, the said Johne sufficientlie provit the samin, as the actis and proceis # deducit and led thairupone mair cleirlie proportis: Thairfore the saidis # baillies being ryplie avisit with the saidis proces and depositiones of witnes # foirsaidis decernit decretit and ordanit thair officiaris to pas poynd and # distrenye the reddyest gudis and geir being vpone the ground of the saidis landis # respectiue abone writting or ony part thairof and mak the said Johne Tuedy, # prebendare foirsaid, payment of the saidis annuellis and dewiteis abone # mentionat respectiue

sen the deceis of the said vmquhile Sir James Dauidsone his # predecessour restand awand vnpayit as is abone specifiit, and siclike # yerelie and termelie in tymes cuming, conforme to the said Johne # provisioun clame and rentale producit thairupone, and ordanit preceptis of # poynding to be direct heirapone as efferis; and thairupone the said Johne # Tuedy prebendare foirsaid askit instrument and protestit for the rolment of # court on his expensis. [}10 NOVEMBER 1572.}] The counsale ordanis Johne Wychtman to ansuer Johne Hog for # his warnyng of the hoist thevis cuming about the tovne of # Peblis in somer, xxx s.; and the rest of his taxt to be payit to the out watschis. Item, that na flesche be blawin, vnder the panis contenit in # the act of parliament. That sufficient aittis be sauld na darrare nor xvj d. the # pek, and that thai be sauld with custum met. The counsale ordanis the baillies, accumpanit with the # counsale, pas to my lord provest at his nixt cuming to Nepeth quhow sone he # cumis in the cuntre, to haif his vter mynde quhidder the tovne and # inhabitantis thairof be in my lord assurance or nocht, and quhat his lordship will # do to thame considering he is our superiour, and thairefter seik the nixt # best, and to haif his ansuer thairupone Ordanis to cast the erd fra the new wall rownd about the # tovne at siclike as the heid yardis on Tuede Grene and Peblis Walter syde, and # to lay dry stanis on the new werk as thai think expedient, vnder the pane # of viij s. [}6 JANUARY 1572.}] The baillies and counsale and communite of the burgh of # Peblis hes inhibit Hary Thomsone in tymes cuming to be found within the liberte of # the burgh of Peblis, becaus it wes notourlie knawin that he wes at # the reif of the tovne of Peblis on the xxvij day of Merche yere of God # foirsaid, and

in cace he be fund heirefter to be pvnist as accordis to ane # commoun theif and revare. [}16 JANUARY 1572.}] The counsall ordanis the auld taxt to be poyndit for and # gadderit in, and to pay the owtwautchis thairwith sa far as it will reik. And siclike ordanit ane of the baillies accumpanit with ane # honest man pas done to Edinburgh with thair commissioun to the parliament, # and thair expensis to be payit of the reddyest of thair commoun gudis as # it beis gotting in. Siclike, the counsale constitutis Johne Allane and Thomas # Lauder, interprisaris of the wall of the tovne, officiaris in thair awne caussis for # the gaddering in of the multuris that the inhabitantis of the burgh # of Peblis wes abstractit is abstractit or salbe abstractit fra the milnis # in thair hurt sen thai first interprisit the said wirk vnto the ische of # thair tak, and affirmis the auld actis of the multuris of the milnis maid of # before. [}4 FEBRUARY 1572.}] The inqueist ordanis the baillies to writt or ellis gang to # my lord for the key of the commoun kist as of before, makkand certificatioun to # him and his lordschip will nocht deliuer the said key thai will mak the # kingis keyis, becaus thai haif greit mister of the saidis keyis to haif # inspectioun of thair evidentis and commoun writtingnis inclusit in thair commoun # kist that concernis commoun weill, and for inlaik of the saidis keyis can haif na # inspectioun thairof. The inqueist ordanis the watsche, ilk ane nychtlie to keip # thair awne quarter as thai will ansuer on thair livis to the authorite and # the tovne, and tua quarter maisteris to be chosing on ilk quarter, and gif ony # fray or skry risis to pas to thair quarter with thair quarter maisters # quhill thai se quhar the fray cumis fra for debait of the tovne. Patrik Stensone protestit that the calling of Robert Brovne, # tennent to my lord Yester, at the instance of Johne Horsbruk suld nocht be # preiudiciale to my lord Yester his maister privelege.

The custum of the burgh of Peblis, being ropit be thre # sindry court dayis to the maist availl for the commoun weill, the samin is set be # avise of the provest baillies counsale and communite to Stene Robesone # burges of Peblis for ane yere nixt heirefter followyng, for the payment of # fiftie five pundis gude and vsuale money of Scotland, the tane half thairof to be # payit at Beltane nixtocum the vther half at Lammes to the chakker; and hes # ressauit [\blank\] firlotis and [\blank\] pekkis and weyis and wey balkis and # wechtis, and bindis and oblissis [{him{] to vphald the samin sufficientlie ..... [}7 FEBRUARY 1572.}] The maist pairt of the counsale ordanis all induellaris, # houshaldaris within the burgh of Peblis, alsweill poore as rische, to walk nychtlie # in tymes cuming as thai salbe chargit be the officiaris vnder the panes # contenit in the actis maid of before, outhir the principale of the hous or # thane ane sufficient man for thame, and na boyis nor lawdis to be admittit, and to # walk quhair thair buthis is, and als ordanis that na drink be sauld # to the wautsche be ony oistlaris in tymes cuming vnder the pane of viij s. # vnlaw vnforgeving, and that na centralis remoif of the wautsche quhill vtheris cum # and be enterit in thair places vnder the pane of viij s. Siclike, it is statut and ordanit that na sheip swyne nor # vther bestiale be fund within the yardis in tymes cuming, vnder the pane of # warding of the awnariis of the gudis in the tolbuth, and thair to remane # quhill thai fynd causioun that all nychtbouris salbe skaithles in all tymes # cuming, vnder the pane of xl s. vnforgeving and paying of the skaith to thame # that is hurt the first falt, and als oft as thai be found in ony of the # yardis the secund falt escheting of the gudis being apprehendit within ony of the # saidis yardis. Siclike, it is statut and ordanit that all thame that hes # gunnis to haif thame at all tymes baith nycht and day in ane reddynes with # sufficient pulder and bullettis. Siclike, it is statut and ordanit that ane of the baillies, # accumpanit with tua honest men officiare and clerk, pas throuch the tovne to # the honest men thairof and tak thair hand write and promis quhat thai or ony # of thame will gif benevolentle to ane qualifiit scoilmaister to mak # dailie continewale

residence and await vpone the instructing and teching of the # barneis and youth quhairby thai may incres in wisdome and knawlege for the # common welth of the towne, and to mak ane register thairof to be # yerelie payit to the said scoilmaister quhill thair commoun gudis be fre, or at # the leist thai may haif als mekle common gudis as will satify the said # scoilmaister, that it may conduce the said scoilmaister incontinent to be his # yerelie feall, etc. Siclike, the counsale ordanis the baillies to caus by ane # quarter of pulder and to pay it of the reddyest of the taxt or vtheris as it is # gotting in. [}13 FEBRUARY 1572.}] The counsale of the burgh of Peblis, all in ane mynde, # ordanis to tak ane addres with the bordour men that thai may do thair besynes in # all thingis without ony feir or truble in tymes cuming, provyding alwayis # that the authorite licence be first obtenit heirto, and failyene thairof # to seik the nixt best; and ordanis Johne Hay and Johne Wychtman pas to Edinburgh # incontinent vpone Sonday nixtocum to my Lord Regent grace and obtene his # graces licence and commissioun for seking of the said addres that the # inhabitantis of the burgh of Peblis incure na danger heirefter in cace thai # tak addres with the saidis bordouraris, for eschewing of deidlie feiddis # and cummeries in tymes cuming; and ordanis the said counsale ilkane be # thameself to subscriue this present ordinance for the said Johne Hay and # Johne Wychtman commissionariis for the said towne releif. The haill counsale referris all secreit actiones to the # baillies with four secreit men of the counsale, viz., ane of ilk quarter to be # electit be the saidis baillies, and quhat ordour thai tak concerning commoun # weltht and addressing of the bordour for avoyding of cummeris to stand # content thairwith and to appreif the samin, and quhat expensis the # baillies debursis to ony fadis to releif thame thairof, and the counsale and the # tovne to assist the samin in all partis. [}18 FEBRUARY 1572.}] The interloquutour findis that Johne Horsbruk suld haif # forthir proceis aganis Robert Brovne in respect the pactioun wes maid within # the burgh of Peblis, and als in respect that my lord Yester provest afore # quham the

said actioun is intentit suld rather assist the said privelege # nor dimember the samin. The lard of Romannos protestit in name and behalf of my lord # Yester that his privelege be nocht hurt bot he may haif tyme and place # to say aganes the interloquutour juges. [}28 FEBRUARY 1572.}] The counsale present for the tyme, for the evading of # incursiones of thevis [{ordanis{] that thair be four out-wauthchis sit dailie, ane on # the Wenlaw heid, ane vther on Hammiltoun heid, ane on Downe Knowe abone the # park, the fourt on Carwowris Fald, and to enter on Monunday nixtocum at # sax houris in the mornyng and to remane quhill the sone gang, to ilk quarter # of the tovne ane wauthsche daylie quhill the ait and bear seid be sawin, and ordanis to steik the eist and north portis ilk Sonday in tyme # of prayeris. [}9 APRIL 1573.}] The haill inqueist, anentis the failye allegit be the # textouris and thair brethir of craft maid be Patrik Williamsone officiare, findis # that the said Patrik hes maid na failye in respect of the baillie command # geving to him to tak the poynd of the decane hand, allegeand thai haif # confirmatioun vpoun thair liberteis, and thairfore ordanis thame to schaw # thair said confirmatioun on Thursday the xvj of this instant afore the counsale, # providing alwayis that thai be astrictit to kepe ordour in all besynes # and commoun effaris as the rest of the tovne dois quhill the productioun # of the said confirmatioun. And ordanis the quarter of the Auld Tovne few or mony to walk as the ordour of the tovne is takin in tymes cuming, ay and # quhill vther ordour be takin thairintill. The inqueist ordanis the baillies to caus William Kelle to # bring and restore the palyeone hame agane to the stepill, als haill and # sufficient as it wes quhen he become souertie thairfore, within xv dayis, vnder # the pane of payment of the sovme quhairapon he become souertie and causioun # for the same.

[}16 APRIL 1573.}] The counsale ordanis the quarter of the tovne to walk # nychtlie, the tane half thair of the foirnycht and the vther half the hindnycht, # ilk persone vnder the pane of ane vnlaw vnforgeving to enter at ix houris and # till remane quhill ane efter midnycht, and the vther wautsche to be raisit # or the first wautsche gang to thair bed, and in absence of the baillie Johne # Horsbruk Patrik Williamsone to ressaue the wautsche, and the tovne to # satify the said Patrik for his pane; and the wautsche of the Auld Tovne to do # inlikemaner, and that becaus in respect thai promist to haif schawin thair # confirmatioun this day conforme to the ordinance tane the last inqueist, # viz., the ix day of the instant and schew it nocht. Item, that na syde dykes round about the wall be biggit # towart the said wall bot that thair be ane fre passage to the wautsche to walk # nychtlie within the wallis without ony cummer stope or impediment; and # that na scheip nolt nor hors be found, swyne nor ony vther bestiall, # within the yardis in tymes cuming, vnder the pane contenit in the auld actis maid # of before vnforgeving. Ordanis the Vanelaw to be ropit and set to the maist availl # to thame that will gif maist for it, and in the meyn tyme that it be cryit # waist seute and hanyng without ony pastour of bestiall to be pasturit # thairupone quhill the samin be set, vnder the pane of ilk heid bestiale found # thairupone iiij d. [}6 OCTOBER 1578.}] The burro and heid court of the burgh of Peblis haldin in # the Tolbuith of the samyn, the vj day of October 1578, be William lord Hay # of Yester, Johne Wichtman and James Hoppringle, the suttis callit, the # court affirmit the absentis amerciat, Johne Stevinsone, Patrik Williamson # officiaris and Johne Hay clerk. (\Electi pro balliuis fiendis\) :- [^LIST OF NAMES AND # EDITOR'S COMMENT OMITTED^] My lord provest gaif his ayth that he suld vse the office of # provestrie for ane yeir trewlie, conforme to the burro lawis and actis of # parliament. And

siclik Johne Hay clerk of court wes creat for ane yeir. And # alsua Johne Stevinsoun and Patrik Watsoun wes creat officiaris for ane yeir. The court continewit to Wedinsday the viij day of this # instant. My lord provest and baillies hes ordanit the counsale of the said # burgh to convene in thair tolbuith, and that for aggrement of thair deidlie feid # and vther commoun caussis. James Hoppringle and John Wichtman, ald baillies, offerit to # my lord provest baillies and counsale being present to abyd compt and # rakkyning of all commoun gudis intromettit be thame sen the acceptatioun of # thair office, and quhat commoditie or office the provest baillies and # counsale findis thame to haue ressauit or intromettit with that # appertenit thame not of thair office that thai sall gif compt rakkynnyng and mak # payment thairof presentlie at the command of my lord provest and # counsale; and siclik Johne Wichtman than presentlie protestit that the # baillies now electit suld haif na intromissioun with ony pairt of commoun # gudis or geir in tym cuming nor yit of theyis thingis that thai wer reddy to # reforme, bot the thesaurare of burgh to haue the intromissioun thairwith # in all time cuming, and the baillies to haue onlie thair dewtie of # office ald vsit and wont payit and na forthir, quhairof Johne Wichtman baillie # in name of commoun weill desirit act. [}8 OCTOBER 1578.}] My lord provest, baillies counsale and maist pairt of the # communitie, convenit the viij day of October 1578, in their Tolbuith. In presens of my lord provest baillies counsale and maist # pairt of the communitie hes all in ane voce aggreit and conducendit that ane # stent and taxatioun be gadderit of all and sindrie the inhabitantis of # burgh, and that alsweill of the fremen without burgh as within, the samyn stent # to be tane for aggrement of thair deidlie feid of the town with the # bordour, and that poynding pas vpoun euery ane of the inhabitantis foirsaidis # alsweill fremen outwith burgh as within incais of dissobeydiance or refuis be # maid be ony of the saidis personis of thair pairt of the stent and # taxatioun thai be brokin to, quhairof publicatioun salbe maid to thame and euery # ane of thame for thair awin efter the breikin of the samyn, and # thairof my lord provest baillies counsale and maist pairt of the communitie # requirit act. [^EXTRACTS FROM THE COUNCIL REGISTER OF THE BURGH OF ABERDEEN, 1398-1570. VOL. I. SPALDING CLUB, 12. ABERDEEN 1844. SAMPLE 1: PP. 96.4-112.15 SAMPLE 2: PP. 284.30-297.21^]

[}11TH JANUARY, 1519.}] The said day, the prouest, bailzes, and consaill, with # assent and consent of the haill comunite being present for the tyme, representant # the body of the haill tovne, all in ane woce, nane gansawand nor opponnen # tham, that to for the eking of thair merit, and in honor of God and the # glorius matron Sanct Anne, gef, grantit, and assignit, and be this wricht # gevis, grantis, and assignis to thar pure ladiis all and haill that pece grene # land of tharis liand on the north syd of thar seikhouse; of the quhilk, the # marchis efter folovis in the letterend of this act; and that at the instance # of ane rycht venerable and worschipfull clerk, Maister Alexander Galloway, # persone of Kinkell, quhilk promittit, God willing, to big and vpheid one # ane pece of grovnd perteining to the said seikhouse, ane chapell and # oratour, in honor of God and the blisset matrone forseid, Sanct Ane; and the # gift, donacioun, and patronage of the samyne to remain and abide with the gud # toune of Abirdene, and with thar successouris perpetualy in all tyme # cuming. And for the mair securite of the samyn, thai ordanit thar # commont seill to be affixit to thar said gift, and it to be extendit in the best # and souerest fassone, can be maid befor this witnes, Master Thomas Chamer, # Sir Johne Waus, Sir Dauid Waus, Dauid Loremar, and all the haill courte. [}18TH NOVEMBER, 1519.}] The said day, Johne Alex. Rudirfurd, Willeam Rolland, and # Patrik Leslie, balzes of this burgh, for this instant yeir in ane woce # gaf, grantit, and assignit the aschatis, vnlayis, and amerciament for this # instant yeir to the biging and completing of thar port of the Gallowget, for # wile and honour of the gud toune. [}20TH OCTOBER, 1520.}] The said day, the prouest, bailzeis, and conseill, with # consent and assent of the haill merchandis and brethir of gilt being present for # the tyme, warnit personaly be the officiaris, ratifeit, confermit, and approvit # he honorable and lowable statut maid be thame the auchtene day of Marche, # the yer of God a thousand fiv hundreth and xviij yeris, tuiching the ij s. # gret, to be

pait of ilke sek of gudis that sall happine to pass furtht of # thar port of Abirden to Franche, Flandris, Danskyne, Denmark, or ony vthir # part without the reaulme, providing all ways that thar be na freman maid # brouchter of gilde during the space of seven yeiris fra the dait of the # said statut, excep thai that ar contenit in the samyne, and in likwise that nane # vnfreman be lecenc to saill him self nor his gudis for na maner of # requist, price, prayar, nor instance during the said space. And givit sall # happine the prouest or denuys of gilde to lecenc ony vnfreman himself or # his gudis to saill, or to mak ony freman except tham contenit in the said # statut, for price, prayar, instance, or requist, thane, and in that kaise, # thai bind and oblegis thame be the vertu of this present act and statut, to # content, refund, and pay to Sanct Nicholes werk tene pundis greit Flandris money # for ilk tyme the said statut beis violet be thame, in all or in part. # And attour, gif it sal happene the said merchandis, or ony ane of thame, be # thame salf, or be thar factour, to failze in paiment of the said ij s. gret # of sek, or of thar gudis corrisponding tharto, tha being requirit be the tovnis # factouris for the samyn, thane thai binde and oblegis thame, be the vertu of the # said act and statut, to content and pay aucht crovnis Scottis money for ilke # pund gret, or xiiij s. for the franke, or according tharto of the money of # the cuntray thai pass in. And gif it sall happin ony of the saidis brethir of gilt to gouerane ony vnfremanis gudis vnder callour of his aune or ony otheris, # thai bind tham in lik wise to content and pay to the effect forsaid # tene pundis gret vnforgevin; and this statut to indure, and to be kepit for # sevin yeiris fra the dait forsaid, na maner of acceptioun to be proponit in the # contrar; and quhai that violattis the samyn, in all or in part, to incure # the indignacioun of God and our haly patrovne Sanct Nicholes, and pay the soumes # abovne writing vnforgevin. [^A PASSAGE IN LATIN OMITTED^] [}13TH JANUARY, 1521.}] The said day, Maister Johnne Marschell, maister of the # grammer scvyll

of Aberdeen, inquirit be the provest quhome of he had the said # scoyll of Abirden. Grantit in iugment, that he had the samyne of the said # guyd toun offerand him, reddy to do thame and thair barnys seruice # and plesour at his power, and ranuersit his compulsatour of the Curt of # Royme in all poyntis, except that it suld be lesum to him to persew the # techaris of gramer within the said burgh afor thair iugis ordinar, insafar # as he mycht of law. And that the towne kepand to him ald wse and wont, liik # as thai dyd to the maister of the samyn in all tymes bigane. [}24TH MARCH 1521.}] And in likwise the haill toun conducit and feit ane Flemyng, # callit Henre Deyne, gunner, till clenge, graitht, and decht thair # artailzery, and to wse the samyn at thair command gif neid for a monetht, contand xxx # days for ilk monetht, for the quhilk tha sall gef the said gunnour five # crownis for ilk monetht that he remayns in thair seruice. [}7TH SEPTEMBER, 1521.}] The said day, the balzeis chargit all and sindry inhabetaris # of thar tovne of Futy, in generall and in speciall, that thai nor nan of tham # tak one hand to pull, gader, nor away tak nane of the mussillis nor # kokillis now begingin to gader one ane now skap at the northt watter, besyd # the Cunningar hillis, for yeir and day, that the forsaid skap be perfectly # growing, vndir the pane of banising the tovne for yeir and day # oneforgewin. [}13TH APRIL, 1522.}] The said day, the provest, baillies, and counsell, and # communite, all in ane voce, chesit thir personis vnderwrittin to sit continuale # with thair provest, quhen thay ar requirit be him to awise on the necessar # besynes concerning the guyd town, for the defence of the samyn against # thair auld ennemies of Ingland, that is to say, Schir Johne Rutherfurd, # Andro Cullane, Iohne Mar, Johne Collisone, Thomas Menzes, Dauid # Andersone, James Collisone, William Rollane, and Patrik Leslie. And gif it # beis fundin that thair be sic neidfull bissines that it behuvis the # guyd toun to sett or formaile ony of thair takis, other of water or land, # thai consent inlikwise that thair be furtht chosyne, of the nomer aboue # writtin, foure personis, with thair provest, to sett or formail the said # takis, for the commont weill of this guyd toun, as thai wul answer afor God, and at # thair

be a commission maid to thame, to the quhilk thai ordaind thair # commont seill to be appensit. [}28TH APRIL, 1522.}] The said day, thir personis vnder writtin has tayne on thame # to furness certane cartis, to the carting of the townis artalzery, that # thai may be reddy in tyme of neid, eftir the auld rit and constitutioun of the # guyd town, that is to say, the provest, a cart; the four baillies, a cart; [^A LIST OF NAMES OMITTED^] . And inlikwise the provest and baillies hes chargit thir # craftis vnder written, of thair awin consent, to performe and furneiss, as # efter followis: The litstar craft, a cart; the baxster craft, a cart; the # flesseris, a cart; the cordinaris, a cart; the tailzeouris, a cart; the hammermen, # a cart; walkaris and wobstaris, a cart; and to mak and performe the # samyn within viij dayis, under the peyne of xl s. vnforgevin. The said day, it was statut and ordanit, with consent and # assent of the haill bodie of the toun, that quhome it salhappin to be absent # fra thair next wapinschawe, to be haldin on Furisday the first day of May next # to cum, to be haldin on the Womanhill, at ix houris in the morning, at # thai sal pay xl s. vnforgevin; and quhatsumeuer personis that beis fund # in ony borrowit geir the said day, othir jak, splent, knapskaw, or ony # other geir, the samyn to be escheit be the provest, and to pay the baillies # vnlaw vnforgevin. [}23D MAY, 1522.}] The said day, Patrik Leslie, ane of this balzeis of the # burght, fand ane bort in the handis of Dauid Heroun, officiar of the samyn, for # him self and the rest of his nychtbouris, quhilkis had gudis in ane schip # callit [\blanco\] takin and arrestit in Byrowne. That the gudis now being in # Abirdene, quhilkis [{wer{] inbrocht one ane Hollanderis bodum, and to be # ane Franchman price, aucht to remain within the said burght, and to be # arrestit to the said merchandis challance, ay and quhill thai get a souer # certification of the

lordis quhidder gif the said schip was lauchtfull price or # nocht, for and because the saidis marchandice gudis of Abirdene was takin and arrestit # in Birown for the said schip and gudis, allegand nocht to be iust # price for sindry caussis, quhilk the bailzeis chargit the said officiar # to do as he wald ansuer one the executioun of his office. [}26TH MAY 1522.}] The said day, Eduart Cokbourne, and Johne Bartoun, # procuratour, and Robert Bartoun, comptroller of Scotland, protestit solemply in # jugment that quhat skaith the said comptroller and Edwart sustenit # throucht the arrest laid one the gudis aboune writin be Patrik Leslie, Johne # Chene, Johne Senzeour, and Johne Stevin, sald cum apone the said # arrestatour, and for remaid of law, tyme, and place. And the said Patrik # offerit the said gudis, and the rest maid thar one to be loussit, # incontinent thar findand souerty, to do to him and his said complessis that law wald. # And the said Edwart fand Gilbert Menzeis of Findoun and William Rolland # cautionar to do to the said Patrik and his complices that law wald, # tuiching the said guidis, and the said Eduart oblegit him to keip tham skathlis # thairof. [}27TH MAY, 1522.}] Be it kend till all men be thir present letteris, wss provest, baillies, consell, and communite of Abirden ... for ane certane soome of numerit money, pait to wss at the making of this writ, to the bigging # of oure blokhouse, bying of pouder, and paing of our gunneris feis, and # vther sindrie besines the toun hes ado, for the defence of the samin # agains our auld ennemeis of Ingland, now being in the sey with ane greit # army, as we are souerlie informit, pait to wss be our louit Johnne # Senzeon, burgess of the said burgh, for his grissoum and entress siluer, of ane # half nettis fisching of the furdis on the watter of Dee, of the quhilk # grissovme and entre siluer we hald wss weill content and pait, and # quietclamis and dischargis the said Johnne, and Jonat Crag his spouse, thair aireis and assignais, and all vtheris quhom it efferis, for wss, our # aireis, and successouris, for now and for euer. To haue set and to maill lattin, and be the tennour of thir present letteris settis and mail lattis, to # the said Johne Senzeon, and Jonat Crag his spouse, and to the langast # levar of thame tua, and to the said Johnes aires and assignais, # burgessis and indullaris the said burgh, all and haill ane half nettis fisching of the # furdis

on the watter of Dee, with all and sindrie pendiculis and # pertinentis, use and wont; quhilk half nettis fisching vmquhill Thomas Leitht, # burges of the said burgh, had in tak and assidacioun of wss, for the # termes of our generall assidatioun, instant for all the termes of fiue yeris # of our next generall assidacioun, and forthir for all the termes that it # salhappin the samin till indur ... The entre of the said Johne and Jonat, # thair aires and assignais, salbe, God willing, in and to the said # halfnettis fisching, vith the pertinence at the vigill of Sanct Androw, in the yeir # of God j=m= v=c= twenty and five yeris, quhilk salbe the entre of our next # generall assedatioun, and fra thinfurth to continew in peciable josin and bruikin the samin, for all the termes of the said five yeiris, and forthir # during the termes of our next generall assedatioun, be compleit and # fullelie runnin .. The said Johne or Jonat, the langest levar of tham tua, his # aires or assignaies, payand to wss, our successouris or factouris, yeirlie, the # soume of tua merkis vsual mony of Scotland, at tua termes vsit within # burgh, allanarlie for all vthir thingis that may be askit or requirit # of the said half nettis fisching, with the pertinence, during the termes of this # our present assedatioun. And atour, we the saidis provest, baillies, # counsell, and communitie, bindis and oblesis wss, our ayres, and successouris, to # warrand, keip, and defend, all and haill the said half nettis fisching # of the furd, with the pertinence, to the said Johne and Jonat .... In witnes of the # quhilk, we haue causit our commond seill to be appensit to this present # assedatioun, togidder with the subscriptioun manuel of our commissaris # handis, at Aberden, the xxvii day of Maij, the yeir of God j=m= v=c= # twenty and tua yeris. [}20TH JUNE, 1522.}] The said day, Johne Tullideff wes in amerciament of the curt # for the cruell strublance of Wat Wod, he beand in the townis seruice, # ane of thair wachis for the commond weill of the samyn. And the said Wat # quit of all strublance doyne to him, quhairfor the balzeis chargit thair # officiaris that thai sald tak sourte of him to compeir befor the prouest and # baillies on Mononday that nixt cummis till amend to the party, at the # command of the saidis provest and baillies. [}7TH JULY, 1522.}] The said day, the haill toun, warnit be the handbell, all in # ane voce,

grantit and consentit that thair suld be ane commond tent and # palzeon maide for the lugeing of the nychtbouris of the samyn now in tyme of # weir; and quhat guyd way that the provest and counsall may find for # the samin thai assent thairto all in ane voce. [}10TH JULY, 1522.}] The said day, the haill toun, gaderit be thair hand bell, # and warnit in speciall be thair officiaris, convenit within the tolbuitht of # the samin, representand the body of the toun for the time, all in ane voce, considerand the gret expression and cruell displeasure doyne to thame, in # the taking of thar nichtbour, Thomas Chalmour, burgess of the said burgh, # vnder silence of nycht, he beand in the kingis seruice, and presoning and # withhalding of the samyn be James Forbes of Auchintouill, Maister Wilzeame # Forbes, Maister Alexander Strachin, and Johne of Ruthirfurd, with thar # complesis, hes diuisit thair nychtbour, Duncan Mar, to pass to the # gouernor and lordis of the realme, to impetrat letteris of justice and # aggenis the said complaints; and inlikwyse till labour for ane liscience to the # toune and nychtbouris of the samyne, to remayne at hame for defence of # the said towne, baitht fra thair auld ennemeis of Ingland and ewill # nychtboris of the cuntry. And failzeand at the said Duncan can nocht labour ane # liscience to the hail toun, that he will labour to se and find quhat # nomer the said toun may furneiss, sua that ane pairt ma remayne at hayme for # the defence of the said toun, and ane vthir pairt may be providit to pass # at the plesour of the gouernour and lordis of counsell. And thai ordanit # Duncane Colisone, bailze, to deliuer x merkis of the rediast mony, beand in his # handis, to the said Duncan, for his furnessing other of taxt wattir # malis, or ony vther mony. And inlikwise the haill toun has maid the said # Duncan thair commissar in that part, to compone for any certaine sovme of # mony, for thair liscence to remayne at hayme, and ordanit ane commissione # to be maid till him thairapone, vnder the commond seill, gif neid be, # promittand thame till keip ferme and stable, and to releif the said Duncan # of the soomes promittand be him, to the effect aboue writtin. And inlikwise it wes statut and ordanit be the hail toun # aboue writtin, all in one voce, na man opponand nor sayand in the contrar, # that na nychtbour within this toun duelland, suld house, harbry, nor resett nayne # of the personis aboue writtin, thameselff, thair horsis, nor thair # servandis, nor sall

sell nor gif to thame meit nor drink, noyther for horse nor # man, nor haue vther commounicatioun with thame of na maner of kind of # merchandice, nor with nayne of thair complesis quhilks were at the # committing of the said cryme. Nor inlikwise with the lard of Abirgeldy, nor his # complesis, quhilkis hes maisterfullie spulzeit and away taken the # nychtbouris horses furth of the fredome of the said burgh, vnto the tyme that thai # haue maid ane sufficient and conding amendis to the guid toun and # nichtbouris of the samyn, and at thai be liscence be the provest and counsell of # the samyn till haue commounicatioun with the nychtbouris of the samyn, # vnder the payne of tynsell of thair fredome within the said burgh, and # all other priuileges or proffitis, takis or roomis, that thai haue or may # haue within the samyn, and to be deprivit of the samyn incontinent efter # thai be convikit of the said cryme. And inlikwise it was commandit and chargit Normond Leslie # and Dauid Herroun, officiaris, be the bailzies, at command of the # provest, counsell, and haill communite, at thai suld pass, forse, and seik John of # Ruthirfurd, within the boundis of thair fredome, and gif thai culd nocht # apprehend him thairin, that thai suld pass to his lugeing within the said # burgh, afor sufficient witnessing, and warne him to compeir afor thame on Fredday the # xi day of this moneth of July, to heir and see himself declarit to # haue tynt his fredome within this burgh, and to haue forfaltit all and # sindrie his takis within the samyn. And inlikwise to [{be{] maid inhable in his # persoun to bruik euermair, tak or rovme, within the said fredome, for and # because he wes principall takar of Thomas Chamer, nychtbour of the samyn, # and of the presoning and withhalding of him. The said day, it was statut and ordanit be the haill toun, # all in ane voce, that all maner of man within this towne duelland, baith # burgessis of gild and vther craftismen, quhilkis his buthis or office houses, # that thai remayne commondlie in, that thai haue besid thame, in thair said offise # howses, ane sufficient fensable wapyne, sic as ax, halbert, gedward staf, # or siclik, for the defence of thair personis, gudes, and commond weill of the # said burgh. And at the officiaris pas throw the said burgh, and vise and # see gif this statut be fulfyllit; and quhat that failzies heirin to pay viij # s. vnforgevin, to be applyit be the prowest and bailies at thair wull, to # quhat commond

operatioun thai think expedient. And to releif to the provest # and baillies incontinent, efter thai heir ony trubill or debait rysing in # the said burgh. [}15TH AUGUST, 1522.}] The xv day of August, and yeir afor writtin, the haill toun # gadderit be thair hand bell, and conuenit for the maist pairt for thair # commond weill, for the outred of ane somne of money extending to vij lib. # Scottis, for ane liscence to be haid to byd at hayme fra this oist now set # to conueyne the first day of September on Rosling Muyr. The quhilk personis # beand circualie inquerit be the officiar, all in ane voce that wes present for # the tyme, accept thir names that efter sall follow, grantit to the # paiment of the said sovme, gif that thai culd do na bettyr, and inlikwise consentit # and grantit to mak ane commissioun vnder thair commond seill, with # power to Johne Mar and Maister Dauid Nicholsone, thair commissaris in that # part, to pass to my lord gouernour, and se quhat thai mycht get downe of the # said soume, and to compone for the samyn, and als to se quhow lang liscence # thai suld haue for the said mony paying, and gif this oist now sturit # zeid nocht furhtt to na set fedill, thai to haue thair mony againe, and # this with the consent of all thir personis efter following that wes present # for the tyme: [^A LIST OF NAMES OMITTED^]

And thir ar the names that refused to pay thair part of the said taxt, but said # thai wauld pass furtht to the said oist: that is to say, Johne Malisone, # Johne Craik, Robert Smyth, Jo, Wilzeamsone, Patrik Wod, and Dauid Criste. # And inlikwise the haill toun chesit thir personis efter following # to set and extent the said taxt efter thair sawll and conscience: that is to say, # Dauid Andersoun, Walter Cullan, Gawan Murra, Johne Arthour, and Andro Stratoun. [}15TH SEPTEMBER, 1522.}] The said day, it was statut and ordanit be the baillies and # counsell, present for the tyme, that whatsomever nichtbour disobeit the # command menstrallis in the gevin of them thair meit and wagis, as thar # fee to thame, efter the forme of the auld lowable wss of this burch, that # thai suld pay to the bailleis, unlaw viii sh. unforgevin, and tua shillings # to the said menstrallis for thair dais cost; and gif ther be ony puyr folks at ar not # abill till gif thame meit, that thai gif thame ii d. to thair fee and # costis. [}19TH SEPTEMBER, 1522.}] The said day, ane rycht worschipfull clerk, Maister Alex. # Galloway, person of Kinkell, exponit to the prouest and bailzeis quhow Gelis # Monro and his complecis tuk one hand to vphaue the sentrice of the brig # to the samyn, quhilk the spat haid brocht dovne incontinent, quhow sovne he # mycht gudly, for ane France crovne of gold promest to him be the said # persone; and that, in the said Gelis defalt, the said sentrice ar broking, spylt, # and away to the see haid, in gret skayth and damag of that noble wark; the # quhilk skayth extendis to ane hundreth pundis, with the mair; quhilk # conditioun the said Gelis denyit, and the bailzeis assignit Monunday that nixt # cumis to the forsaid persone to preif his said allegeance, &c.

[}15TH JANUARY, 1523.}] The saide day, the prouest, bailzeis and consaill, being # present for the tyme, grantit in jugment that thai haid causit Dauid Andersone, # thair maister of kirkwark and dayne of gild for this instant yeir, to # cause be bocht be the saycht of William Cristell, burges of Deip, # factour to this gud toun in a pairt, and to the said David of Alex. Nicholsone, and # Alex. Andersone, burges of the said gud toun, ane pece of artellery # of brass, of xxiiij futt, with fifty irne bowlis, according to the samyn, # and ane barrel of powder, to be send hame and anentourit one the tounis awentour # ham in the said Dauid schip, callit the Nicholles; and the said pice # of artillery, with the furnesing of the samyn, and the berrell of povder forsaid, # to be boucht with the radiest siluer that the said maister of kirkwark had # in Deip, that is to say Sanct Nicholes siluer, and quhar it wanttis that thair # is nocht of the said siluer to furness the samyn, the said Dauid to cause his # said factouris William Crystell to furness the samyn of the said Dauid awne # propyr gudis; for the quhilkis, the saidis prouest, bailzeis, and consaill # present for the tyme, in name and behalf of this gud tovne, and for the commont # weill of the samyn, bindis and oblegis thame and thair successouris to # frie, relief, and discharge the said Dauid of samekle as he debursis of Sanct # Nicholes thar patronis money, at the handis of all men havand entres # thairto; and inlikwise to content and thankfully pay to the said Dauid his # ayris, or assignays, the sovme that beis debursit of his awne propyr gudis, to the # effect abovne writtin, within xx dayis efter certificatioun cumis ham # in Aberdein of the pament and neid of the sammyn. [}17TH APRIL, 1523.}] The said day, the provest and consaill chargit thair # officiaris to pass throcht all the said burght, and charge all maner of nychtbouris and # fremen of the samyn to pass and repair and mend thair pairt of the bastale, # and thai that hes nocht begit to big thair pairt of new, vnder the pane of # tinsell of thair fredoum, and that betuix this and the nixt wapinschawingis. [}31ST OCTOBER, 1523.}] The said day, all the toun, warnit be the handbell to # convein within the tolbuith of the said burghe, for the commont weill of the saim, # and the maist pairt beand convenit for the tyme, and thair it was # schavin to thame

be ane honorabill man, Johne Collisone, quhow thair provest wes # trublit and chargit to remayne in Edinburgh for the furnessing of thair # carris, horsis, and men, vnder the payne of tynsell lif, land, and # guyd; and at thair wantit ane great pairt of the said carris, horsis, and # the laif inlaikit expenssis, the quhilk the said provest behuyid to furnish the # hail nomer furtht, and gif thaim expenssis that wantet, to his gret # skaitht. Quharfor the said Johne producit in jugment our souerane lordis # letteris, chargand the taxtaris chosyne and suorne afor to convein agane and # filfurtht the hail nomer of their carris, horsis, and caus euerilk man that # had horsis thair to send sufficient furnessing and expensis to thaim for # the releving of thair said provest, vnder the panys contenit in the said # letteris. And thairefter the said Johne requirit all the foure baillies to # cause the said taxtaris to convein incontinent to the said effect, as they # wald ansuer in the execution of their office. And incontinent the bailzeis # chargit al the said taxtaris to pass incontinent and mak ane end or thai # depairtit, of thair said taxt, certefeand thame, that and ony skaitht come # throw the want of the said furnessing, that it suld come on thame, and # nocht on the said baillies, in tyme to cum. And the said Johne requirit the # said baillies to indorse the said letteris, and deliuer thame him agane, # befor witnes, honorable men, Schir Androw Scherar, vicar of Nig; Mr. Gilbert Straichin; Schir Dauid Leis; Schir Johne Buchane; and Schir # Dauid Lorimer, notar public, with vtheris diuerse. [}27TH NOVEMBER, 1523.}] The said day, Master Johne Marschel, master of the gramar # skull of Abirden, grantit in jugment that he had offendit to his # masteris of the towne, and besoucht tham to pardone him, and confessit thaim # that he haid the schoull of thame, and suld hald the samyn lik as his # predicessouris haid downe in tyme bigane; and the prouest, in nayme of the # haile toune, ressauit him thankfully, permittand to be him a gud # master in tyme cuming, he being than a gud seruand, as accordis him to # do. [}16TH MARCH, 1524.}] The xvi of Marche, (\anno quo supra\) , it was thocht # expedient be prouest, bailzes, and sa mony of the consaill as was present for the # time, because thai war informit that my lord of Aberdeen was nocht to cum # afor the sanze, and that thar kirk had stand lang desolet of diuyne service, and this

haly tyme of Pasche quhilk now approchis, to send Thomas # Menzeis of Petfoddellis, and with him thre horse in company, to my said # lord of Abirden, to gett a commissioun from him to sum vther bischop to # cum and reconseil the said kirk; and requirit the prouest to mak # expensis thar one, and quhat expensis beis maid thar one, to be allowit to # the saide prouest in his first comptis, notheles the suspendaris of the # said kirk being charply persewit for the said expensis, and the gret iniuris # dovne to the said communite, quhow soone and incontinent it be fund quha # was the cause of the said kirkis suspending. [}4TH APRIL, 1524.}] The said day, the haill toune, all in ane voce, chesit thir # five personis: that is to say, Gilbert Menzes, provest, Schir Johne # Ruthyrfurd, Andro Cullane, Johne Collisone, and James Collisone, commissaris to # the haill toun, to prouid and considder quhar money sall be gotten to # outred and pay my lord Arskyn of his pentioun, and to outred and pay Patre # Barroun, of the soume taxt on the said toun for wanting of thair # carriagis, for the quhilk soomis our souerane lordis letteris ar direct, quhilkis # hes beyne diuerse [\tymes\] present in jugment, to put the provest, # baillies, and induellaris of the said guyd toun to the horne, gevand to thaim thair powar to set and prolong thar takis quhar they can be fund waikand # for the outred of the samyn. And ordanis ane commissioune to be maid to # thaim thairupone in the largest forme, chargand the keparis of thar # commond seill to seill the samyn in dew forme. The said day, the haill toun, all in one voce, ordanit and # commandit the counsell of the samyn, present for the tyme, to pass and # modefy the provest and Johne Colisonis expensis maid in their passing to # Edinburgh, to enter and manteyne their carriagis, horsis, and futmen, # furneist to the last oist. Quhilkis ryply avisit in the counsall house of the # samyn, fand and ordand xl pundis to be gevin to thair said provestis # expensis, and tene pundis to the said Johne Collisonis expensis, quhilk they # ordand the commissioneris aboue writin to provyd for. [^A PASSAGE IN LATIN OMITTED^]

[}13TH MAY, 1524.}] The said day, it was thocht expedient, and commandit and # chargit be the prouest and conseill present for the time, that ilk bailze # pass throcht his quarter, and cerse and seik all vnlauchtful nychtbouris, # and cause all sic be remowit the towne; inlikwise all begaris excep tham that # ar natif borne within this tovne. [}24TH OCTOBER, 1524.}] The said day, the baillies chargit thair officiar to pass # and charge all the pynouris that vsis till leid fulze to pass and clenge the # kingis get and commond myddingis within the said burgh incontinent or euer # thai do ony vthyr labour; and failzeing thairof, that thai tak thair # horse and cartis, and cause the samin be donn on thair awin expensis, and thai to # pay the baillies vnlaw, vnforgevin.

[}20TH, JUNE, 1525.}] The said day, the prowest, baillies, counsell, and # communite, present for the tyme, consentit to the ewynning of thair Castelhill, # and dyking the same about. The said day, the prowest, baillies, counsell, and communite # of the said burgh, present for the tyme, consentit and ordanit Wilzeam, # bonatmakar, to pass with thair hand bell throicht the toun yerlie, and to # haue the samyn in office vnder Dauid Colp, for al the dais of his life, but # ony impediment. [}21ST JULY, 1525.}] The said day, the haill tovne, being warnit be thar hand # bell, and present in the tolbuitht of the samyn, for the mest, and the auld # statut maid for the ressayt and luging of strangaris, quhilk is contenit at # lenght in thar buk of statuttis, being oppenly red in presens of thame, # thai all, in ane woice, ratifeit and apprevit the samyn, and the pannis # contenit tharin requirand the prouest and balzeis to put the samyn to dew # executioun, as thai wald ansuir to God and to the king thar apone. [^A ROYAL LETTER AND AN EXTRACT FROM A PARLIAMENTARY ACT OMITTED^]

[}2D OCTOBER, 1525.}] The said day, the prowest, ballies, and counsell, with # consent and assent of all the haill communite, thei beand circualie inquirit be # the officiaris, na maner of person opponand nor sayand in the contrar, maid, # creat, and ordanit rycht honourable men, that is to say, Thomas Menzes of # Pitfoddellis, thar prowest for the tyme, Gilbert Menzes of Fyndoun, Sir # Iohnne Rutherford, Andro Cullan, and William Rolland, thair verie lauchfull and # undoutit commissaris, to set and prolong all and syndrie their fischings # and takis, baitht to burgh and to land, now waikind and beand in thair handis, to # burges and induellars the said burgh now actuallie, and to nane uthers, # and to nae maner of person quhilks wes art or part of the cruell murther, # slauchter, mutilatoun, and hurting of their nychtbours, prowest, baillies, and # officiaris, maid on thame under silence of nycht, be Alexr. Setoun of Meldrum, # Iohnne

Leslie of Wardors, Willzeame Leslie of Bognhane, Alexr. Leslie # of that ilk, thair sonns and ayris, complecis and pairt takaris, to the # nomer of iiii=xx= speris, or thereby, be solstation of Iohnne Collison eldar, and # his complesces, with power to the saids commissaris to set the said tacks and fisching for five years immediat followand the vigill of Sanct # Androw nixt to cum, and thair commissioun to be maid under thair commund seill # to the saids commissaris, in the largest forme, to this effect: # Promittand thame and ilk ane of thame to keip firme and staple be the fathis in # thair bodeis. Witnes, Mr. Iohnne Merschell, Mr. Wm. Meldrum, Mr. Wm. # Philpson, and Sir Dauid Lorimar, notar, with utheris and syndrie. The said day, the prowest, ballies, counsell, and communite, # ratifeit, apprewit, and confermit the statut made be thame the last day of # September immediat gangand befor the dait heirof, promittand faithfullie # to keip the samyn ferme and stable and inviolat in all tymes cummyng, be # the treutht and faitht in thair bodies.

[}20TH MAY, 1555.}] The said day, the counsell for the maist pairt, beand # convenit within the counselhous, all in ane voce, nemmit, electit, and chesit # Thomas Menzes, prouest, and Dauid Mar, bailzie, thair commissioneris, # coniunctly and seueralie, to ryid to Edinburght to the next parliament, to be # haldin thair be our souerane lady Marie, quene drowrear of Scotland, and # regent of the same, and be the thre estatis therof, in name of our maist # gracious quene

moderne, to begyne vpoune the xxviij day of May instant, and # thair to consult, awyse, treat, decerne, and concluid vpoune sic thingis # as concernis the publict welth of this realme, and liberties therof, as # salbe thocht ganand and convenient be the saidis thre estaitis; and ordinis ane # commissioune vnder the townis seall to be maid to thame thairwpoune, with # power alse to the saidis commissioneris to compeir and convene in the said # toune of Edinburgh with the remanent commissioneris of the burrowis of # this realme, to awyse and consult vpon sic thingis as concernis the commound # weill of the estait of burgessis, and the libertie and priuileges of # burrowis, and to concluid therwpoune, and to desyir in the said parliament sic # wrangis, hurtis, and enormiteis, as is done to the saidis burrowis and # inhabitantis therof, to be reformit, and ther auld priuileges and liberties # to be renewit, restoirit, apprewit, and confermit; and specialy anent the # hurtis done to this burgh of Abirdene, to be reformit, and thair auld # infeftmentis and priuilegis, grantit and gewin to thame be our souerane ladyis # maist noble progenitouris, to be ratifiit and confermit, lyk as salbe contenit and specifiit at mair lynth in the articles to be maid and send with the # saidis commissioneris thairopon; and gyf neid beis, to consent to gif ane honest and decent propyne, gratitud, and contributioune to our said # souerane lady and regent forsaid, and ratificatioune and confirmatioune of thair # auld infeftmentis and priuileges forsaid, lykas salbe contenit and specifiit in # the generall articalis to be maid be the saidis haill commissioneris of # burrowis, or the maist pairt of thame, and presentit in the said parliament # heirvpoune. The said day, the counsell ordanis to be gewin Thomas # Menzes, prowest, the sowme of twenty poundis, and to Dauid Mar tene pound, to # mak thair expenssis in ryding to Edinburght, as commissioneris for the # toune to this nixt parliament; and ordanis the same to be pait to thame with # the first accedence of the toune that beis gottin in of the compositionis # of fremen to be maid, escheittis or vnlawis quhatsumeuir that first # fallis. [}14TH JUNE, 1555.}] The said day, Jonatt Portar and Jonett Bailzert, hir # seruand, war convickit in judgement, be the depositiones of diuerse famose witnes, for # the defaming and myspersoning of James Andersone and Elspett Baldy, # his spowse, with veray ewill and injurious langaige, vndvordy of # heiring. Quhairfor thay, and ilkane of thame, war in amerciament of # court, and the

bailzies forsaid ordanit the saidis Portar and Bailzeirt, hir # seruand, to cum one Sonday nixt cumis, within Sanct Nicholace parroche kirk, in # tyme of the hie mess, with ane candill of valx in thair hand, and sit # doune on thair kneis in the queir, afoir the guid men of the toune, and aske # the said James and his spows forgyfnes, and thair to revock the vordis said be # thame vpoune him and his said spowse fals and vntrewe, and requeist # the guid men of the toune to cause thame be forgewin; and gyf euer the # said Jonett Bailzert beis foundin in the making of sic offencis in tyme # cuming, and beis convict thairfor, to be banist of this guid toune. [}30TH JUNE, 1555.}] The said day, Gilbert Collisone, Patrik Menzes, and Gilbert # Malysoune, baillies, with awyse of the haill counsell, ordanis fourty # poundis to be gewin to Thomas Menzeis, prouest, and Dauid Mar, bailzie, of # the rediast and first accidentis and casualiteis of the toune that # euer first happynnis to be gottin, and na man to mell thairwith, nor gett part nor # profyt thairof, quhill the said fourty poundis be pait compleitly to # thame, and that to mak thair expenssis in passing to this present rayd till # Sanct Johnstoune, anent the townis bessenes and commound weill therof, and in # recompensatioune of thair expenssis of the last rayd thai maid, at command of # the counsell, to the last parliament haldin in Edinburght, for the # quhilkis as yit thai gat na recompensatioune nor reward, bot of thair awin # guidnes hes remittit the same for paiment of the sowme aboue wryttin. [}8TH JULY, 1555.}] The said day, anent the complaynt gewin in iugement to the # baillies be Gilbert Knowis, Duncan Forbes, Gilbert Kyntoir, Alexr. Hay, and Maister Johnne Watsoune, for thame selffis and the remanent # heretouris, takkismen, tenentis, and occupiaris of the fysching of the # cruwis, vpoun Maister Johnne Chawmer, duelland in Grandoum, for the wrangouss # vsing and halding of ane cobill vpoun the said watter, within the # boundis of thair fysching, to thair gryt hurt and skayth, quhar neuer na cobill # wes vsit nor occupiit obefoir, and tharthrow making new innovatioune by the # ald louable vse and consuetude, obseruit in all tymes bygane past memor of # man, in hurt and preiudice of the priuilege of this guid toune, as in # the said bill of complaynt at mair lyntht is contenit. Quhilk wes remittit # and referrit to the sensment and ordinans of the counsell, quhilkis being # conuenit for

the maist pairt within the consalhous, all in ane voce, fand # and decernit that the said Maister Johnne aucht not to hauld nor vse the # said cobill as he dois, and that thair aucht bot ane generawll and commond # coble to be vpoun the said fysching, to serff all the possessouris, # tenentis, and occupyaris thairof, in tym cumyng, to transport thame selffis, thair # seruandis, and thair fysche, als oft as thai haf ado, and that the said # new cobill aucht to be removit, destroyit, and away put, in all tymes to cum. # And attour it is provydit be the said consell, with consent and assent of # the haill possessours, takkismen, and tenentis of the said fysching, that gif the said # generall commound cobill beis haldyn or stopput fra ony ane of thame, or # thair subtenentis, or seruandis, quhen thai haf ado in tyme to cum, # that the haldar or stoppar of the said cobill sall refound and pay to # the complenar samekill as he or his serwand will mak faytht thai ar skaythtit # at that tyme, throcht wanting of the vse and service of the said cobill, and # siclik to be done in all tymes cumyng, without any vder probatioune to be # socht bot allanerly the depositioune of the complenar of his serwand. [}12TH AUGUST, 1555.}] The said day, Alexr. Joffray, Duncane Fraser, Williame # Congiltoun, Dauid Saidlar, Johnne Fowlis, Charles Dauidsone, Reche Myln, # Alexr. Kemp elder, Alexr. Kemp youngar, Alexr. Kay, and Duncane Colly, # baxteris, and ilkane of thame were conuickit in judgement, and # put in amerciament of court, for the braking of the commound ordinance and # statutis of this guid toune in selling of quhyt breid of less mesour and price nor wes gewin and dewisit be the counsell to thame of befoir to obserf # and fulfill; quhairfor thai war in amerciament of court to forbeir in tyme # cumyng and amend as law vill, and that wes gewin for dome, and the # baillies continewit thair vnlawis to be modifiit be thame eftirwart. The said day, the haill counsell statut and ordanit that the # baxteris of this guid toune sall baik and sell twenty tua vnce of quhyt # breid, sufficient stuf, and weill bakin, for four penneis, and tuenty aucht vnce # of ry breid, sufficient stuf, and weill bakin, for four d.; and that na # breid be sauld be thame quhill thai be considderit and vesit be ane of the # baillies; and quhowsone the breid beis takin out of the owne, that ane of the baillies # salbe aduertist and requirit to do the same; and that na baxter sall baik ony # breid vpoune Settirday befoir tua eftir none; and quha beis fundin # cumand in

the contrar heirof, the haill baikin stuf beand fundin and # gottin in his possessioune to be escheit and delt; and gyf ony baxter hawand stuf beis fundin wantand baikin breid, and nocht vsand his craft to serf the toune and nightbouris therof in contemptioune of this ordinance, the # sam beand knawin and vnderstand, the haill victuall and stuf beand fundin # in his possessioune to be escheit and delt to the puir folkis. And this statut to # induir and haf stryntht quhill the fest of Michaelmes nixt cumis, and # further induiring the counsellis will. [}26TH AUGUST, 1555.}] The said day, Alexr. Reid younger, being accusit be the # baillies in judgement for inobedience of Patrik Menzes, bailzie, in # executioune of his office, and siclyk for the braking of ward, he being put # thairintill be the said bailzie, for the quhilkis he put him in the tounis will, # and the prouest and maist pairt of the counsell ordanit him to cum on Sonday # nixt cumis within Sanct Nicholace kirk, in the queir therof, with ane # candill of ane lib. of wax in his hand, in the tyme of the hie mess, and thair sit # doune on his kneis and ask the said Patrik forgyfnes, and requeist the guid # men of the toune to cause and solist the said Patrik forgyf him; and gyf # euer he beis convickit making sic faill and offence in tyme cumyng, to tyne # his fredome and be banyst of the toune. [}3D SEPTEMBER, 1555.}] The said day, Agnes Lowsoune and Johne Abircromy, hir # spows, for his interes, beand lauchtfullie warnit to this day for the third # and last dyat of proces be Johnne Jenour, officiar, vpoun the quhilkis he maid # faith in judgement, to haf ansuerit at the instance of ane rycht venerabill mane, # Robert, minister of the Trinite ordour of Faythfurd and Abirdene, anent # the claim of ane chalice of siluer, contening fourtene vnces of wecht, # quhilk the said Agnes, as is allegit, intromettit with, deliuerit to hir be # freir Johne Quhytcors, pertening to the Trinite kirk of Abirdene, with intimatioune # gif thai compeirit nocht, the baillies wald proceid and minister iustice # in the said mater; and the saidis Agnes and Johnne, hir spous, for his # interes, beand oft tymes callit, compeirit nocht, quhairfor the baillie # resauit and admittit the said Robertis probatioune; be the quhilk it wes fundin that # the said Agnes intromettit with the said chalice, contening fourtene # vnce of siluer, and therfor the bailzie forsaid decernit and ordanit the said # Agnes and

Johnne, hir spous, for his interes, to delyuer and restoir to # the said minister and kirk forsaid the forsaid chalice of fourtene vnce of siluer # alse guid as it wes quhen scho intromettit thairwith within terme of law; and # gyf the same be destroyit or brokin, nocht gettabill in the sam forme as it # ves, that the said Agnes and Johnne, hir spows forsaid, for his interes, sall # caus mak ane wther chalice of new, of the samin vecht of siluer, alse guid # as the vther wes, and deliuer the same to the said minister and place # forsaid. And attour the bailzie decernit and ordanit the said Robert, minister # aforsaid, of his awin confessioune, to pay to the said Agnes the sowme of # sax lib. Scottis for the said freir Johnne Quhytcors quhilk he wes awand to hir; # and the said Robert attour oblist him of his awin guidnes to delyuer to # the said Agnes fourtie s. mair nor the said sowme of sax lib. at the # restitutioun of the said chalice in maner aboune writtin, sua the same be # deliuerit to him with plesour and thankfulnes but ony forthir of cumyr or coist. The said day, Robert Cunynghame, minister of the Trinite # freiris of Failfurd and Abirdene, maid and constitut Maister Robert # Lumisden his procuratour and factour, to vptak the mailis, fermes, # annuelrentis, profyttis, emolumentis, and deuties, pertenyng to the saidis freiris of # the ordour of the religioune in Abirdene, of all termes bygane and to cum, # with power to substitute procuratouris to persew the same in the # law, gyf neid beis; with power also to the said Maister Robert to beit, mend, # and reperell the Trinite kirk and place of Abirdene, and quhat he debursis # thairvpoune to be thankfully allowit to him; and alse to sustene the # brether of the said religioune in thair cleuthyng and ordinar # expenssis, and vther thingis neidfull to thame, takand their acquyttances therof, # quhilk salbe alse sufficient as it war deliuerit to the said minister # himself, conforme to his directioune and ordinance gevin to the said Mr. Robert # theranent, quhilkis siclyke salbe allowit thankfully to the said Mr. # Robert, promittand faythfullie to hald ferme and stabill quhat the said # Mr. Robert promittand faythfullie to hald ferme and stabill quhat the said Mr. Robert and his substitutis in the premissis lauchtfullie leidis to be # done. And this present procuratorie to induir and haf effect ay and # quhill the said minister renunce and discharge the same. [}4TH OCTOBER, 1555.}] The said day, the counsell hawand consideratioune that Sir # Robert Bynne, cheplane and singar in thair queir, is vesiit be the # hand of God

with infirmitie in his ene, quhairthrow he is becum blynd, and # that he maid gude and continuell seruice in tymis bigan, sa lang as he wes # habill. Thairfor, thai all in ane voce consentis and assentis that he # haf his auld fee, that is to say, aucht markis wsuaill money of Scotland, # togidder with his clerkship, quhilkis he had for his fee and seruice abefor, # for all the dais of his lif, but ony impediment or gane calling. And # forther, that the nobill and honest men of the toune support him of thair awin # guidnes, at thair plesour and discretioune, quhill God restoir him to his # sycht and habilite. Item, it is statut and ordanit, with consent of the haill # craft of cordonaris, that na schone be sauld darrer bot the best dowbill scholit # schone for men xxxii penneis, mennis singill solit schone tua s.; # wemmenis dowbill solit schone ii s., thair singill solit schone xviij d. # and xvj d.; barnis schone for xii d., x d., and viij d., efferand to thair # quantitie and aige, wnder the paine of escheiting of all schone beand in the # possessioune of the braker of this present statut. Item, that na man gaddir nor hald ony carnis or stanis to ly # vpoun the calsay, except thame that ar to big allanerly, wnder the pane # of eschaeting therof; and gif ony biggar haldis ane carne of stanis one the # streit or calsay attour ane yeir and ane day, the samin to be escheit # inlykwyse. Item, that euerie craft within this guid toune haf ane # visitour amang thame selfis, chosin euere yeir anis, quha sell accept the same, and be suorne therto befor the prouest and baillies in judgement, to # se that all statutis and ordinans maid one the craftismen of this guid # toune be obseruit and keipit; and that, in tyme cuming, thair be na craftisman # maid fre man to vse his craft, except he haf seruit as prentise # under ane maister thre yeiris, and be found sufficient and qualifeit in his craft # to be ane maister. Item, it is statut and ordanit, with consent of the haill # baxteris, beand convenit, that nane of thame pass in the contray to by quhit, # of darrer prices bot as tha ma keip and obserf the statut and ordinance # gewin thame be the counsale for this present yeir; and alse that nane # of the saidis baxsteris by quhit attour his nychtbouris heyd: that is # to say quhair

his nychtbour hes bene to mak ony bying or bergane of quhyt, # and bidden ony money thairfor, that his nychtbour bid na mair nor is # offerit, nor mak him to by thair, wnder the pane of fourty s. for the first # falt, and tynsell of fredome for yeir and day for the secund falt, gif he beis # convickit for the same. Item, that na tailzeour sell ony clayth bot allanerly maid # breikis and boxis of tartane or grose claith and lynningis for cleything; # and gif ony tailzeour dois in the contrar, to be punist therfor, as # forstallaris and regrataris of this guid towne. Item, that all burgessis remanyng in landwart, and all # wtheris hawand takkis, rowmes, steddingis, and proffeittis of this guid towne, # cum betwixt this and Mertimes nixt to cum, with thair wyffis, barnis, and # howshaldis, and duell, remayne, and abyde within this toune, scoit, loit, # walk, and ward with the samin, and be reddy all houris for the defens thairof, # and concurring and assisting with the superiouris and ministers of justice # tharof for the tym, wnder the pane of tinsell of thair fredomes, # takkis, priuilegis, and profyttis that thai haf or ma haf of this guid toune, of # the quhilkis thair names followis, viz.: [^A LIST OF NAMES OMITTED^] and ordanit thir names forsaidis to be proclamit opinlie at the # mercat croce of Aberdene to the effect forsaid. The said day, the counsell grantit to thair seruitour, James # Nory, singar in thair queir, twenty s., to be augmentit tuenty s. of # his fee, makand in the haill four poundis, for his guid seruice to be done in # their queir; and ordanis the den of gild to mak him paiment therof, ay and # quhill he be dischargit therof. The said day, Alexr. Rattre dischargit the towne of the # sowme of twelff poundis, allegit awand be thame to him of the rest of ane # gritar sowme, for his seruice and wagis in passing with the kingis grace to the # ilis, at command of the counsell, and of sewin lib., allegit awand to him be the # toune for tua monethis wagis, in the tyme that he wes gunnar in thair # blokhowse,

and of all sowmes of money that he may clame or creif at the # toune in tymmes bigane; and the counsell remittit and dischargit the # said Alexr. of his guid sone John Ewynnis compositione of fremanschip, for # the quhilk he com souertie. [}14TH OCTOBER, 1555.}] The said day, the prouest and baillies ordanis Gilbert # Colisoun, maister of Sanct Nicholace wark, to delyuer to Patrik Menzeis and # Alexander Chawmer, denis of gild, the grit jrne kirk styile to be applyit # to the irne wark necessar of the tolbuith; and the saidis prouest and # baillies oblist tham in name of the toune that the denis of gild for the tyme # sell rander and gyf agane samekill jrne wark to the said maister of kirk # wark for the tyme to the necessar beitment of the said kirk quhat tyme and # quhow sone it sell hapin thame to haf ado thairwith, be the sycht of the # guid men of the toune. [}25TH OCTOBER, 1555.}] The said day, the maist pairt of the consell ordanis Thomas # Menzeis, thair prouest, to ryd to Edinburght for defence of the # sommondis rasit be Dauid Kintor, Gilbert Kintoir, and Patre Gray, aganis the # prouest and baillies of this guid toun, and certane vderis nychtbouris # thairof, for the reductione of thair fewis, and the productione of the townis ald # infeftmentis; and ordanis the den of gild to deliuer him xx lib. to help to # mak his expenssis. [}6TH NOVEMBER, 1555.}] The said day, Johnne Chalmer wes accusit in judgement for # the myssaying and myspersoning of Dauid Mar, ane of the baillies of the said # burgh, with maist wyile and injurious detractioune, sayand that he had # takin ane hundreth lib. of money furth of his bag, quhilk wes ane # commound theyffis stik, and that he had gewin ane false testimoniall one him to # the quenis grace, wnder the townis seill; quhik actioun wes put to the # knawlege of the assise aboune writtin, and be the depositiones of diuerse # famose witnes, and be the said Johnnis awin confessioune, he wes convickit be the # said assise for the myspersoning of the said Dauid in maner aboun writtin, # quhairfor he wes put in amerciament of court, and that wes gewin for # dome.

[}13TH DECEMBER, 1555.}] The said day, the baillies ordanit Maister Thomas Annand, # chaiplane of Sanctiohnne the Ewangellist alter, situate within thair # parroche kirk of Abirdene, to the quhilk the toune ar patronis, or his awin # grant and consent in judgment, to bring and exhibit befor the counsell, in thair # nixt heid court, to be haldin the xiij of Januar, ane litill chalice and # ane mekill new chalice of siluer, pertening to the said chaplanrie, to be # vesiit be the consell, and to remayne for seruing of the said alter within the said # kirk in firmance and keipyng, becaus he hes absentit the same thir diuerse yeiris bygane. [}16TH DECEMBER, 1555.}] The said day, the haill towne beand conuenit for the maist # part, chesit and electit Thomas Menzeis, prouest, Maister Robert Lumisden, # and Gilbert Collisoune, or ony tua of thame coniunctly, thair # commissionaris, lauchtfull and irrevocabill, to compeir and conuene with the # remanent commissionaris of the fre burghis of Scotland in Edinburgh, vpoun the xv day of Januar nixt to cum, conforme to ane writting of our souerane # lady, Marie, quene drowrear of Scotland, and regent of the same, # directit and send to the prouest, baillies, and communite of the said burgh, # or quhatsumeuer vder day or dayis, place or places conuenient, quhen and quhair the quenis grace and commissionaris forsaid thinkis expedient, # for dressing of appountment, stancheyng of all debait and contrauersie # betuix the fre marchandis and craftismen of all burrowis of this realme, for # vnite and concord to be amangis thame perpetualie in tyme cumyng. And # alsua to consult, awyse, dispute, and ressoune vpoune all sic thingis as # concernis the fredome, liberte, preuelege, and publict weltht, of all # borrowis of the realme, and for to do, traitt, determe, and conclud # thairupoune, for the commond weill of the samin. And forthir, to compleyne and # expoyne the hurtis, dampnage, and skaith done in tymes bygane by the # burrowis forsaid, and specialy to this burght of Abirden, aganis the # strynth of thair ald priuelegis and infeftmentis, and for to laubour remeid # thairin, sa far as ma be had; and for to grant to gif ane compositioune, # propyne, and gratitud to our said souerane lady, as vtheris commissionaris # of burrowis dois and grantis, for reformatioune, in tyme cumyng, of the # hurtis, dampnagis and skaithis don to the burrowis in tymes bygane, restitutione # of

thame to their ald immwniteis and liberteis, and apprewing, and # ratefying, and confermyng of thair ald priuilegis and infeftmentis; and # generaly to do all thingis concernyng the premissis that the haill # communite forsaid mycht do, gif thai war all present in propir personis: # promittand faithfullie to hald firme and stabill all and quhatsumeuer thingis thair # saidis thre commissioneris, or ony tua of thame coniunctly, lauchfully # ledis to be done in the premisses; and ordanis ane commission to be maid to # thame vnder the townis commond seill thairupoun. [}2D JANUARY, 1556.}] The said day, the haill toun, being convenit within the # tolbuitht thocht neidfull and expedient to big and brig vpoun the Den burne, at # the southwast entre of the toune, as thai cum thairto fra the brig of Dee; # and ordanis Maister Robert Lumisden, maister of vark of the brig of Dee, to big the said brig of tua bowis, sufficiently with stane and # lyme, with the reddiest of the money that he hes of the mailis of Ardlar, and # to by stanis, lyme, and all materiallis neidfull therto; and quhat he # debursis on the biging of the said brig to be thankfully allowit to him in his # nixt compt; vpoun the quhilkis the said Maister Robert desyrit act of # court, in presens of the haill toun forsaid. [}27TH JANUARY, 1556.}] The said day, the counsell dewysit and ordanit that Alexr. # Ruderfurd, Gilbert Collisoune, Patrik Menzes, Walter Cullane, Gilbert # Malisoune, and Androw Lowsoune suld pass to Edinburght to the prouest # Thomas Menzeis, as commissionaris for the haill toune, to defend the # actioun and pley mowit aganis this toun and communite thairof, be Maister # Henry Lauder and Maister Johnne Spens, aduocattis to our souerane # lady the quenis grace, for productioun befoir the lordis of counsell of # the townis infeftment and chartour of thair fischingis of the watteris of # Dee and Doyne, efter the forme and tenour of our souerane ladyis # letteris of summondis directit aganis thame thairupoune, and thair to consult with # men of law, experience, and knawledge, the best way for defence of # the said actioune, and to constitut procuratouris, ane or ma, to that # effect, and to mak expensis thairupoune honestly as accordis; and the # forsaidis expensis to be vptakin of the possessouris of the tounis fyschingis and # landis, effering

to the valour therof, and gyf neid beis, to exhibit and produce # the said chartour and infeftment. The quhilk ordinance of the # covnsell, the haill toune, being warnit to this day, and convenit for the # maist pairt affermit, apprevit, and consentit therto; and siclyke the saidis # commissioneris grantit to pass to address the said bissenes frelie and # glaidly, vpon thair awin expenssis, for the weill of the toune, conforme to # the townis ordinance and power gevin to thame, and the haill toune ordanis # ane commissioun to be given to thame vnder thair commond seill, to # the effect forsaid. The said day, Patrik Leslie, in name and behalf of the # nychtbouris and puir inhabitantis of this toun, quhilk hes na takkis nor # heretagiis of the tounis landis, requyrit the baillies in jugement, in presens of # the haill toune, for the copy of the townis commission grantit to the # commissionaris to sett the saidis landis in few, allegeand that the saidis # puir inhabitantis ar hewilie oppressit and hurt be the possessouris of the saidis # landis, quhilkis stoppis and makis impediment to thame to cast, win, # and leid fewall, faill, and dewatt, vpoun the commounty of the towne, # quhar thai had wont to cast in tymmes bigane, past memour of man, contrar # the tennour and stryncht of the said commissioune, and thair few # chartouris grantit and gevin thairvpoun, and express aganis the commoun # weill of this guid toune, and theirfore protestit solemplie for # obseruatioune and executioune of the claussis and restrictionis contenit in the # saidis few charteris, and for remeyd of law, quhen tym and place requyris. [}19TH MARCH, 1556.}] The said day, Dauid Mar, bailye, with consent, awyise, # ordinance, and authorite of Thomas Menzeis of Petfoddellis, prouest of the # said burght, and Gilbert Menzeis his bruder, narrest kynnismen and frendis # to Androw Menzeis youngar, pupill, sone, and air to vmquhile Androw # Menzeis, burges of Aberdene, his fader, and als air to vmquhile Thomas # Menzeis youngar, his bruther, ordanit and decernit Thomas Menzeis, # tutour of law to the said Androw, to content and pay to Besse Leslie, moder # to the said Androw, for his burd, and ordinar expenssis, and cleithing, # tene lib. yeirlie, sa lang as he is with his said moder, fra the entre of the said # Dauid to the office of tutourie forsaid, and the samin to be allowit to him # in his compt.

[}27TH MARCH, 1556.}] The said day, the court wardis and schawis for law, and it # wes gewin for dome, that Andro Forbes, duelland at Keythokis mill, hes prowin # sufficiently that in the moneth of August or thairby, in the yeir of God # j=m= v=c= fyftie and four yeris, Duncane Colle, baxter, at his awin hand, # without any licens of the said Androw, intromettit with ane blak horse # pertening to the said Androw, worth tene merkis, at the myll forsaid, and put # ane heivy laid of flour one him to be cariit fra the said myll, and in # the careing thairof brak his bak wnder Tullidronis hill, throcht weycht and hewynes # of the laid, and ewill gyding of the horse, in the said Duncanis # defalt, quharfor the baillies decernit the said Duncane to content, refund, and # to pay to the said Androw the forsaid sowme of tene merkis, ffor the walour # and pryce of the said horse, for the caussis forsaid, within the terme of # law, and condampnis the said Duncane in the expenssis of court to be taxit # eftirwart. [}26TH APRIL, 1556.}] The said day, the court wardis and schavis for law, and it # wes gewin for dome, that Maister Edward Menzeis, cheplane of the ruid alter # in the organ loft, situat within the parroche kirk of Abirdene, hes provin # sufficientlie that he and Schir Johnne Fyff, his predecessour as cheplanis of # the said cheplanrie, war in vse, and possessioun of paiment, and # vptaking of ane yeirlie annuel rent of xl d. wsuall money of Scotlande off ane # land liand in the Grene, on the south part therof, merchand with the land of # the quyt freiris on the eist part, and the land of [^blanco^] one the # west pairt, pertening sum tyme to Margaret Low, and now pertening to Johnne Barre, quharfor the prouest and baillies forsaid decernit and ordanit # the said Johnne Barre, as heretour theroff, to refound, content and pay to the # said Edward, as cheplane forsaid, the said annuel rent of xl d. money # forsaid, of the termes immediatlie bigane, within viij dayes, and siclyke yeirlie and # termelie in all tyme cuming, ay and quhile he be lauchtfullie callit and # ordourlie put thairfra be the law; wpoun the quhilk the said Maister Edward tuik act # of court and instrument. [}5TH MAY, 1556.}] [^A RECEIPT OMITTED^]

The said day, compeyrit in jugement Gilbert Kyntour, # admiral deput to ane nobill lord, James Erle Bothtwall, gryt admirall of # Scotland, and exhibit ane commissioun gewin and direckit to him be the said # principale admirall, vnder his seall and subscriptioune manuall, of the # dayt at Creychtoune, the xx day of Februar, yeir of God j=m= v=c= fyfty and vj # yeris, to cognoss and decerne in all thingis concerning his office and # jurisdictioun of admiralitie in the north partis of Scotland, fra the north # watter of Esk to Ross inclusive, contening power to the prowest and baillies of # Abirdein to resaif the aitht of the said Gilbert Kyntoir for trew # exercitioun of the said office, quhilk aith the baillies forsaid resauit in iugement, # conforme to the said commissioune. [^GAU, JOHN. THE RICHT VAY TO THE KINGDOM OF HEUINE. ED. A.F. MITCHELL. SCOTTISH TEXT SOCIETY, 12. EDINBURGH AND LONDON 1888. PP. 3.1.-31.33^]

[}IHONE GAU TO THE REDER}] Grace / marcie / and pece / of god our fader / and of the # lord Ihesus Christ our saluiour / be vith al chrissine breder and sister / Ama~gis mony oder skaithful bukis and fals doctrine # vith the quhilk the pepil hes ben falslie dissauit befor in mony # zeris and euil and ongodlie techit of the quhilk greit onfaithfulnes and heresie come amangis the pepil / Of thir bukis thir ar the # gretest (the quhilk mony befor wesz maist vont to wsz) the quhilk ar # callit (\Hortulus anime\) / And (\Paradisus anime\) That is the # gardine of the saul / and the paradis of de saul / bot be richt thay suld hayf # callit thayme the errour and begeline and the distructione of the # saul / In the quhilk bukis thair is sa mony lesingis / and fablis / # and dremis gadrit to gider / and mony orisons to diuersz patronis # and fa~ctis / and quhow men and veme~ sal scriue thayme and quhou thay sal rekkine al thair sinnis to thair schrift fader in # quhat maner and vith quhat persone thay var dune as sum fuyl or munk maid as thay thocht and dremit efter thair aune heid / and vrait # thayme that oders micht dailie reid and vsz thair dremis for godlie # prayers / Neuertheles thay reknit mony foul and abhominabil sinnis in thayme the quhilk mony guyd men a~d veme~ and specialie zung persons kneu neuer of befor na thocht neuer to dw in al thair dais / Thay haif gadrit to gider in thir forsaid and siclik # bukis mony sindrie prayers as thay thocht maist godlie and vrait reid and fals fenzeit titels and marvolous co~mendations befor # thaime that thay quhilk red thayme or buyr thaime apone thayme suld haiff sa mony thousand zeris of pardone And forgiffine of thair

sine and payne and deliuer thair faders and moders and oder frendis saulis of the paynis of purgatorie for the quhilkis # thay vald pray for in that orisone Thay gaif sic vane glorious tetels and namis and pouers that thay quhilk red thaime euerie day or buyr thayme apone thaime suld noth be slayne be thair inimis na drunit na brint na be ha~git na suld notht de ane euil or ane hastie deid na haif na troubil na powerte Or quhay that redis sancti erasmis orisone apone the sonday thay sal get meit and drink aneuth that ouk Or quhay prais to sanct christofer and seis his ymage sal notht that day haif aduersite or de # onchrisinlie / And siclik thay dremit and maid innumerabil pouers a~d vertus a~d laid to siclik orisons the quhilk ver lang to vrit # heir as it is thair to requirit Thairfor i postpone thayme nou / thay quhilk befor vesz blindit and ar nou illuminat be the licht of godis vord thay knaw thayme veil thair self / I traistit mekil of siclik oriso~s be for in my ald blindnes / Bot blissit be # god quhilk hes helpit me thair owt be the licht of his halie vord and of mekil oder blindnes quhilk I vesz in befor / It is greit # neid to informe and tech al chrissine pepil that thay vsz noth thir # orisons as thay did befor And that thay put na hop na traist in thayme and to lat thayme alen and hald thayme noth of valour for causz thay cane haiff na saluacione throu thayme And to giff ouer # passionale (\sa~ctoru~ lege~da sa~ctoru~\) saulis traist and bukis of # miraculis / in the quhilk thair is mekil gadrit to gider quhilk the deuil # pat in thayme quhilk first maid and vrait thayme to Draw the pepil # thair throu fra the richt faith and put thair hop and traist in to # sa~ctis and sindrie patronis that thay suld pray for thayme and saif thayme / And sua lichtlie our lord Ihesus Christis blissit # passione and precious deid Vith the quhilk he maid alanerlie perfit # satisfactione for al our sinnis and wil marcifullie forgif ws thaime of his awne gracious guidnes. Quhairfor ve suld alanerlie lowe and virschip and honour the lord god our maker and redemar and pray to na oder bot to hime as hime selff commandit in the v # and vi chaiptur of Deutero and in the xx and xxxiiii of Exodi and mony oder placis of the halie scriptur co~ma~dis the same # Thairfor

now the richt and chrissine doctrine is heir contenit in this # prese~t buyk that al quhilk ondersta~dis the scotis tung ma haiff vith thayme and reid and wsz it Dailie / That thay may chrissinlie # leir and onderstand first quhou thay sal ken thair sine and ar # sinful creaturs / This thay suld leir of the x comma~dise of god Alsua thay suld leir the chrissine faith as it is contenit # in the creid / And ondersta~d quhou thay suld trow in thayr god a~d # maker a~d ken hime. Sine thay suld leir the Pater noster quhou thay suld pray richt to god thair fader in the heuin for that is in # verite / that ane richt chrissine man hes prait aneucht quhen he hes # prait ane pater noster vith the hart and ane guyd mind / ffor ane # prayer is noth the mair plesa~d to god for causz we wsz mony vordis in # it As our saluiour sais in the vi chaiptur of sanct matheu / Bot # ane chrissine prayer is quhen ane ma~ prais and murnis inuertlie in # his hart to god efter his help / of the quhilk our saluiour sais in # the v chaiptur of S. math Blissit ar thay quhilk murnis for thay # sal be confortit / the quhilk murning and inuert desir of the hart ve # suld al time haif to god for his help / Thairfor it is neidful that # al pepil lat alen the orisons maid be men quhilk hes diuersz namis and titels / sa mony thousand zeris / of pardone pouers / and remissione of sine and payne / for the reding of thaime The # quhilk is bot leing and begiline / Thairfor al chrissine pepil suld # nou leir agane to reid and pray the richt chrissine prayer (the quhilk # is the pater noster) apone thair aune tung the quhilk our saluiour # leirit his disciplis to pray as sanct matheu vritis in his vi chaiptur # and sanct Luc. in his xi / the quhilk is of sic natur that the # ofter that ony man pray it vith hart and mind thair apone it is mair # plesand and sueter to hime / Our lord Ihesus the sone of god the quhilk maid it and lerit vsz to pray it (to his and our hewinlie # fader) gif vsz al his halie spreit that we ma haif lwiff to reid and pray # it vith ane chrissine hart to his gloir and honour and to the # saluatione of our saulis AMEN

[}THE RICHT VAY TO THE HEUINE}] Almichtine god hes noth co~ma~dit vith out ane special causz that the x commandis suld first be vritine and sine schauine and prechit to the pepil Bot yat thay suld first leir and # onderstand the same x commandis / and syne the creid and the pater # noster / the quhilk thre thyngis contenis veralie al yat sta~dis in the # halie writ and al yat cane be prechit and leird to the saluatione of # our saulis a~d al quhilk is neidful to vsz to wit of our lord Iesus # Christ our god and saluiour / And this is sa weil and schortlie # contenit in few wordis in the same x commandis and the creid and Pater noster / yat na man cane excusz thayme self thair of yat thay # cane notht leir thayme na remember appone thayme Thir ar thre # thingis quhilk ar neidful to al man to onderstand to the saluatione of # the saul First to ondersta~d quhat thay suld dw and lat be one # dwne / Secu~dlie quhair thay cane noth du or lat be one dune of thair aune strinth as thay suld / to seik and find help quhair vith # thay ma du or lat be one dune the thi~g quhilk thay ma noth of thair aune strintht / Thridlie to ondersta~d quhou and quhair thay # sal this help seik a~d find / Siclik as it is neidful first to ane # seik man to knaw quhat is his seiknes / Secu~dlie quhat he sal du or lat # be one dune to his seiknes / Thridlie to knaw quhair he cane get lechine and help to mak hime hail agane / Sua the x comma~dis # of god leris al me~ to knaw thair spiritual seiknes sua yat euerie # man ma se and knaw be hime self quhat he ma dw or lat be one dune and thair of knaw yat he is sinful and euil befor god for

causz he cane noth fulfil his commandis na keip hime self fra sine Secu~dlie faith leris al man quhair thay sal seik and find help and lechine of thair spiritual seiknes / yat is to say # quhair thay sal get grace marcie and forgiffine of thair sinnis and to be maid hail of thair seiknes / For faith leris wsz to knaw god and his greit grace and marcie quhilk he hes schauine to wsz in his weil belowit sone quhom he gaif to wsz to suffer payne # and cruel deid for our saik Ro viii. Thridlie the Pater noster # leris al man quhow thay sal desir and get yat same help vith ane inuert and ane faithful prayer to god and to pray to hime with ane meik hart in the richt faitht / sua thay sal find help and lechine the quhilk is the grace and marcie of god and heilis # the spiritual seiknes of the saul / Thairfor it is neidful yat # ewerie man quhilk wil be ane richt chrissine / begine and leir first # the x comma~dis of god quhairthrow thay ma knaw thair sine and ewil quhilk is the spiritual seiknes of the saul Quhairfor we ma # notht Dw the thyng quhilk we suld Dw Or lat be one dwne quhilk we suld lat be one dune as the halie apostil sanct paul vritis at # lintht in the vii chaiptur to the Romans The first tabil of Moyses contenit the iii first commandis # of god vritine in it the quhilk leris al man and voman quhat thay awe to god / or quhat thay suld du or lat be one dune in the thingis pertenand to god [}THE FIRST CO~MAND THOU SAL HAIF NA ODER STRENGE GODIS}] This first co~mand leris al man and voman quhou thay sal # haiff thayme inuertlie in thair hart to god / that is quhat is requirit al time to trow and hop of hime / The quhilk is to # traist suuerlie al time guid of hime as of thair maist tender fader # and al thair best frend And lwiff hime with al thayr hart ouer al # thing / And dreid hime of lwiff as the guid bairne dois his fader / And be diligent al time yat thay displeis hime noth in ony maner # aganis

his commandis / Natur leris vsz alsua yat thayr is bot ane god quhilk giffis to wsz al guid / and helpis wsz in our aduersite [}THE II CO~MAND THOU SAL NOTHT TAK THE NAYME OF GOD INUANE}] This ii co~mand leris euerie man and voman quhow thay sal haiff thayme to god wtuertlie befor thair nichtburs in thair wordis / And alsua inuertlie in thair selff That is thay sal # honour the nayme of god / ffor quhy na man cane mak god knawine befor men or to hime self efter his godlie natur / bot # alanerlie be his halie nayme [}THE III CO~MAND THOU SAL KEIP THY HALIE DAY}] This iii command leris euerie man and voman quhou thay sal haiff thayme wtuertlie in thair wark / That is in the seruice of god / Sua thir iii commandis leris al man and voman quhow thay sal haiff thayme to god inuertlie in thair hart and # outuertlie in thair word / and wark The secund tabil of moyses contenit the oder vii commandis the quhilk leris al man and voman quhat thay suld dw / Or noth dw to thair nichtburs [}THE IIII CO~MAND THOU SAL HONUR THY FADER AND MODER}] This comma~d leris euerie man and voman quhow thay sal haiff thayme to thair fader and moder and to thair frendis and elders / and powers and reulers for thay ar in godis sted # Institut to minister Iustice / Quhairfor this command followis nixt # effter the iii commandis pertenand to god / And standis befor the vi oder commandis

[}THE V CO~MAND THOU SAL NOTH SLA}] This command leris al man and voman / Quhow thay sal haiff thayme to thair nichtburs / Quhow thay sal dw thayme na ewil bot help thayme efter thayr power in thair necessite [}THE VI CO~MAND THOU SAL NOTH CO~MIT AAULTRIE}] This command leris euerie man quhow thay sal haiff thayme to thair nichtburs as to thair wiffis douchters and to oder kinnis vemen / And alsua quhow vemen sal haiff thayme to thair nichtburs husba~dis sua that ane sal noth defoul na scheyme ane oder bot hald oder in honur [}THE VII CO~MAND THOU SAL NOTH STEIL}] This command leris euerie man and voman quhou thay sal haiff thayme to thair nichtburs as pertenand to thair temporal gudis / That is thay sal notht hurt na skaith thaime bot defend and keip thayme efter thair power and help thaime quhair thay cane [}THE VIII CO~MAND THOU SAL NOTHT BEIR FALS VITNES AGANIS THY NICHTBUR}] This command leris euerie man and voman quhow thay sal haif thayme to thair nichtburs in thair honour and fayme / That thay sal notht hurt thayme in ony maner bot keip thayme after al thair power

[}THE IX CO~MAND THOU SAL NOHT DESIR THY NICHTBURS HWS ET CE}] [}THE X CO~MAND THOU SAL NOTH DESIR THY NICHTBURS WIFF MADIN SERUAND BEIST OR ONY THING QUHILK PERTENIS TO HIME}] Thir ii last co~ma~dis leris wsz quhou euil the natur of man # is / And quhou cleyne we suld be without al euil desir of guidis mony and riches / And of al oder thingis / Quhairfor ve suld # fecht aganis our auil desiris for that suld be ane chrissine mannis # dalie batel [}ANE SCHORT DECLARATIONE OF THE X CO~MANDIS}] Ovr lord Ihesus Christ sais hime self / As sanct Matheu # writis in his vii chaiptur / Quhat euer ze wald that me~ dw to zou / Dw ze sicklick to thayme / This is al the law and the # prophetis / Na man wald haiff ewil off ane oder / Na man vald that ony oder tuyk fra hime his fayme or honour / Na man wald that ony oder displesit hime or did to hime ony thing quhilk is aganis # richt / Na man wald haiff hetrand of his nichtburs / Na man wald that ane oder defoulit his wif or his douchter / Na man wald that ane # oder staw or reft or twyk his guidis fra hime throw power or # strintht Na man wald be begilit or bakbitine be ony oder Na man wald that ony oder sleu or straik or hurt hime in ony maner / bot euerie man desiris lwiff and frendschip help and suport of oders / and # to find verite and faith with al man / This leris and techis al # man the for said x commandis of God

[}HEIR EFTER FOLOUIS QUHOU MAN SINNIS AGANIS THE FIRST COMMAND OF GOD / THE QUHILK IS THOU SAL HAYFF NA ODER STRENGE GODIS}] Thay sine aganis this command / quhilk wsis wich craft / or spay craft / or takis consal at thayme quhilk wsis siclik / alsua thay yat wsis vritine letters trowand thairthrou to saiff # thair liff in vater land or in batel or in ony oder neid alsua thay # that wsis corsis / christal / murrur / bukis / vordis and special # naymis and reding and coniuracione to find hwid hurdis in the zeird / # and thay quhilk takis avay the frwtis of thair nichtburs beistis / # Thay that rewlis thair liff and warkis efter special dais and # taiknis of the hewine / and traistis efter as the astronomurs and spaymen # makis and vritis and spekis thair of / thay that markis or chermis # thair self or thair hws or thair bairnis or seruandis or beistis / or # bindis herbis or writings or ony oder thing apone thayme to saif # thayme fra wolff or ony oder parel thay yat witis the dewil or ony # oder creatur of thair aduersite trowand yat thay haif ony strinth or power to hurt thayme without the wil of god / Thay quhilk takis noth ewil and guid pacientlie of god and thankkis noth hime thair of committand thayme in al thingis to hime efter his # godlie wil thay sine alsua aganis this co~mand that tempis god and # giffis thair self wilfullie to ony parel without ony necessite / and # alsua thay quhilk ar pridful of thair wisdome or science or of ony # oder spiritual gift / or of thair richtusnes or guid lif / thay that # honours god alanerlie for temporal guidis and riches and forzettis the saluation of thair saul / Thay quhilk trowis noth in god and # pwtis noth al thair traist and hop in hime alanerlie / and trowis # noth na he wirkis al the guid warkis in thayme / thay quhilk informis # noth thair bairnis in the chrissine faith / and alsua oders quhair # thay cane of the co~ma~dis of God a~d of thair onfaithfulnes / alsua # thay quhilk trowis noth richt or fallis in disperatione of the greit marcie and grace of God thay sine hewilie aganis this forsaid # first command

[}QUHOU MAN SINNIS AGANIS THE SECUND CO~MAND OF GOD THE QUHILK IS THOU SAL NOTH TAK THE NAYME OF GOD INUANE}] Thay sine aganis this command that sweris lichtlie without necessite (and racionabil causz) be the nayme of god Alsua thay quhilk sweris be ane euil wsz / And thay that sweris # inuane a~d thay that sweris ony fals aith or kepis notht thair faith # and promis in al lesum thi~gis / siclik thay yat sweris a~d wowis # yat thay sal dw ony ewil quhilk is aganis the co~ma~dis of God / thay # that ba~nis with godis nayme sayand to ane oder god giff the ane # ewil deid or god send ane vengence apone ye or ony siclik wordis / Thay that spekis vanlie and lowslie of God or his halie nayme / # and makis thair of fablis and lowsz takine / or twrnis the halie # writ to lichtlines and scorne for thair plesur / or to mak oders glaid # and blith to heir thairoff / Thay yat callis notht apone the nayme # of god in thair aduersite a~d thankkis hime noth thane als veil as # in prosperite / thay that desiris lowine or vane gloir for thair # science or visdo~me or of ony oder giftis of god / thay yat callis # falslie apone the nayme of god as dois the ypocritis and the pharesians quhilk haldis thaime self halie wtuertlie befor men / and # thinkkis yat thay dw better na oders / and ar hard with god for causz # thay reid and prais mekil and dois mony wtuert fenzeit warkis thay # that honours noth the nayme of god for ony aduersite that hapnis to thaime / thay that corekkis noth oders quhilk takis the nayme # of god inuane (giff thay cane in oni maner) thay that heris or # seis or knawis yat ony abusis the nayme of god to vichchraft spayman chraft / or to ony oder siclik abusione and turnis thayme notht thairfra efter thair ondersta~ding / alsua thay that desiris # wardlie gloir and to haiff ane greit lowine for thair richtusnes And # halie lif thay sine aganis this forsaid secund command of god

[}QUHOU MAN SINNIS AGANIS THE III COMMAND THE QUHILK IS THOU SAL KEIP THY HALIE DAY}] Thay sine aganis this command quhilk wil noth heir na leir the word of god / or co~te~nis or lichtlis it or makis # persecucione aganis it / thay that prais notht inuertlie to god a~d seruis hime notht in the spreit / thay that trowis notht that # al thair guid varkis cu~is notht of god bot of thair selff thay # quhilk wil notht suffer god to da~t a~d rewl thayme be aduersite efter # his halie wil bot murmuris and is inpacient thair of and wil notht thank and lowe hime als weil in aduersite as in prosperite as # Did the halie man iob Thay that leris notht oders yat thay suld # notht sine aganis this command [}QUHOU MAN SINNIS AGANIS THE IIII COMMAND OF GOD QUHILK IS THOU SAL HONOUR THY FADER AND MODER}] Thay sine aganis this command quhilk lichtlis thair fader # and moder and thair pwir frendis for powerte or seiknes and wil notht help thayme with meid a~d claith and oder neidful thingis (efter thair power) in thair necessite / and specialie thay yat # ba~nis or wil notht heir thaime na thoil of thaime thay that honours notht thayme with thair hart / a~d haldis notht of thaime for # causz god hes co~ma~dit / alsua thay that honours thayme notht supos # thay dw to thaime onricht / thay quhilk honurs noth thair maisters # and thaime quhilk hes power of thaime onder god and ar notht faithful and trew to thayme and wil notht obey to thaime efter # the command of god quheder thay be ewil or gwid / Thay that wil notht help and leir oders to keip this command / and corekkis thayme notht na wil notht stand aganis thayme quhilk wil notht

obey to this command alsua thay quhilk ar pridful and he aganis thair for elders techours and leirfaders thay sine aganis this # forsad iiii command [}QUHOU MAN SINNIS AGANE THE V COMMAND OF GOD THE QUHILK IS THOU SAL NOTHT SLA}] Thay sine agane this co~mand quhilk beris ir and hetrand aganis thair nichtburs / and thay yat says racha to thair broder / that is ony lichtlie takine of ir quhilk men wsis to schaw in # wtuert takine thair of without ony certane singnificatione / and alsua # thay quhilk sais to thair broder wordis of ir the quhilk hes certane singnificatione as scheyme happine the lowne hursone theiff or # fwil or ony siclik manifest ewil wordis or bannis or bakbitis or # leis apone ony man or voman / or Iugis or dwmis oders wra~guslie / Thay quhilk reuelis opinlie or quiitlie thair nichtburs faltis # to ony oders / and haldis thayme noth dune as thay wald oders did to thayme / and defendis noth thair fayme a~d honour / quhair thay heir oders spek ewil of thayme / Thay that prais notht to God # for thair inimis and dois noth guid to thayme for ewil quhen thay haiff necessite / In this command ar contenit al the sinnis # quhilk cu~is of inuy and heitrand striff and dissentione as fechtine # murthur slauchter and seditione et ce. Thay that ar displesit of thair nichtburs or innimis weil fair or ar blith of thair aduersite / # Thay that dois notht the dedis of marcie to thair nichtburs supos # thay be thair inimis thay that causis discord sayand this man hes spokine ewil of thy honour and fayme / Thay that wil notht agre thayme quhilk ar inimis and stop striff pleis and crabitnes and dissentione quhair thay cane thay sine aganis this command

[}QUHOU MAN SINNIS AGANIS THE VI CO~MAND THE QUHILK IS THOU SAL NOTH CO~MIT ADULTRIE}] Thay sine aganis this co~mand that defoulis marit wemen or madins / or co~mittis fornicatione with hwris or ony licht persons Thay that lysz wit thair kine and bluid in greis quhilk # ar aganis the co~mand of God / Thay that wsis with ony persone / # or in ony maner the sine aganis natur the quhilk is callit ane of thayme quhilk criis to the heuine / thay that prouokis ony ewil desir concupiscence of lichore in thair selff or in oders with # sangis or wordis or foul takine or with ymagis or payntre or with ony siclik thingis thay that seis ane woman with inuert desir of # the hart / thay that handlis thayme selff or oders onhonestlie # quhairthrow thay fil thair selff or thinkkis lichorus thochttis / thay that fleis noth al occasione of lichore as inordinat eiting and # drinkkine and lang slepine and dilicious meitis and drinkkis and # familiarite with wemen / thay that payntis thair body with precious clais # or siluer or gold precious stenis or gold ringis or wsis ony oder # vntment to prowok oders thairwith / thay that consalis oders with word or deid or co~pellis thayme to dw sic sine thay that # helpis noth oders to keip thair chaistite and honest liff baith with # consal and deid thay sine aganis this co~mand [}QUHOU MAN SINNIS AGANIS THE VII CO~MAND OF GOD THE QUHILK IS THOU SAL NOTH STEIL}] Thay sine aganis this co~mand that co~mittis thift or okker # or reffis fra oders throw power and strintht / thay that wsis fals wechttis or mesours thay that sellis ald and ewil guidis for # new and thair throw dissauis oders falslie Thay that haldis wrangus # guidis of thair nichtburs or takis wp wrangus rentis Thay that haldis thair seruandis feis fra thayme thay that denisz thair dettis # and wil

noth pay thair crediturs / thay that wil noth help thair # nichtburs in thair necessite a~d wil notht len to thayme in thair mister # without okker mony or seruice or raward Thay that sellis ony thing to ane oder that thay ma thairfor haiff mair na it wesz worth for redy mony quhen thay sald it thay sine heuilie aganis this # command in thair corruppit mind for our saluiour sais in the vi # chaiptur of S. Luc. len zour layne traistand na thing thairfor The rich # men of this vardel curis this litel bot the time sal cu~ quhen thay # sal giff scherp count thairfor a~d thair sal na excusacione help thayme # al thay that ar giffine to auarice or fechtis for greit re~t thair # throw to be rich and michty And thay that begilis strengers or ony oders in guidis or mony by falset Thay that stoppis nocht thair # nichtburs skaith quhair thay cane or warnis noth thaime thair of befor # giff thay knaw it and thay ma / Thay that stoppis thayme of thair propfeit in ony maner / Thay that beris hetrand yat thay wine thair lewine or cu~is to riches thay sine aganis this co~mand [}QUHOU MAN SINNIS AGANIS THE VIII COMMAND THE QUHILK IS THOU SAL NOTH BEIR FALS WITNES AGANIS THY NICHTBUR}] Thay that hwidis the verite in Iugiment or in ony oder place quhair it suld be schauine thay that leis apone thair nichtburs Thay that ar quiet and fals flatterers Thay that ar doubel # tu~git the quhilk sais ane thi~g now / a~d sine ane oder thing thay quhilk # bakbitis thair nichtburs be hind thair bak / Thay that lichtlis and lakkis thair nichtburs guidis to oders quhairthrow thay get # skaith thay yat heris blithtlie bakbiters and ewil tungis or helpis or # starkis thayme thair til and standis noth aganis thayme and raprewis thayme notht of thair bakbitine Thay that spekis notht guid for thair nichtburs and deffendis noth thair honour and fayme (in thair absence) quhair thay cane and reprewis noth al bakbiters and lears a~d thayme quhilk rasis discord amangis nichtburs the quhilk God heitis as S. Paul vritis in the first chaiptur to # the Romans

[}QUHOU MAN SINNIS AGANIS THE IX COMMAND OF GOD THE QUHILK IS THOU SAL NOTHT DESIR THY NICHTBURS HWS ET CE AND ALSUA AGANIS THE X COMMAND THE QUHILK IS THOU SAL NOTHT DESIR THY NICHTBURS WIFF ET CE}] Thir ii commandis ar giffine to wsz in ii sindrie pwyntis # the quhilk we suld keip and we be saiff as our saluiour sais in the xix chaiptur of S. Matheu thairfor we suld dalie pray to # god for his help and grace that we ma keip al his commandis and specialie thir ii last for that is inpossibil to wsz to keip # thayme without the singlar grace and help of god / for quhy the ewil # and sinful desir quhilk we haiff of adame is notht perfitlie deid # in wsz alsz lang as we ar heir apone the zeird in the sinful flesch # quhill we be new borne agane in the resurrectione to cu~ / fra deid to the ewerlestand liff in the kingdome of heuine and sal be as the angels of God as our saluiour sais in the xxii chaiptur of # S. mathew Of this declaracione of thir x commandis of god ewerie man and voman ma onderstand opi~lie that it is inpossibil that ony man fulfil or keip thayme bot Giff almichtine God giff # thayme ane singlar grace thair to / God maid the ii last comma~dis sa inpossibil to al man that we suld al knau our aune weknes and haiff al tyme our traist to hime and knau wsz sinful creaturs # and beseik hime of his help and grace and forgiffine of our sine # Quhay is he yat cane keip hime fra ewil desiris? lat ewerie man # reme~ber in his aune hart / part desiris gold and siluer and oder riches # / oders desiris honours of the wardil / oders ydyl dais and dilicat # meittis and drinkis oders madins and fair weme~ / neuertheles god hes said to al man (as it writne in the v chaiptur of sanct Matheu)

quhay seis ane woman and desiris hir he hes co~mittit adultrie # al redy in his hart Thayr is mony fals doctours quhilk sais yat # ane man sinnis notht quhen he desiris ony thyng bot giff he determe that perfitlie with his hart Quhow cane ony man desir ony thing bot gif his wil be to haiff that quhilk he desiris / is his wil # notht to haiff it thane he desiris notht / siclik fals doctours wald # mak our lord Iesus christ ane lear or ellis thay wil say that his # command is notht / quhilk sais / thow sal notht desir lat euerie chrissine man keip thayme selff fra siclik blind doctours / for veralie sum tyme ane man ma sine mair with ane ewil desir na with ane ewil deid / forquhy quhen ane man sinnis in deid thane he knawis hime selff for ane sinner and desiris marcie and # forgiffnis of god the quhilk he gettis als sune as he knawis his sine and forthinkkis it with his hart Quhen he sinnis with ewil # desir thane thinkkis sum tyme yat he consentit notht perfitlie in his # hart and yat he is iust and richtus be for god supos he be ane # sinner and ane ypocrit and hes seruit the hel / heir euerie man sal onderstand yat god lukis notht the wtuert richtusnes quhilk # mony keipis and dois wtuertlie in the sicht of men quhairthrow thay apeir to be richtus and godlie bot christ said to siclik # ypocritis and pharesians as it is vritine in the xxi chaip. of S. Matheu # weralie i say to zow yat hwris and oppine sinners sal enter in the # kingdome off hewine befor zow / that hapnis for causz siclik sinful men # and wemen knawis befor god yat thay ar sinners and desiris his # marcie and grace the quhilk he giffis to al man and voman quhilk # murnis for thair sine and alskis it witht ane meik hart as sanct Iamis # writis in his iiii chaiptur god is agane the pridful and giffis his # grace to the meik / bot ypocritis and pharesians thynkkis yat thay keip # the commandis of god quhen thay dw the wtuert warkis / and giff thay failze in ony thyng aganis thayme thane thay thynk thay # haiff fulfillit thairfor with thair prayers / fasting / and guid # warkis and dissauis thair selff Alsua euerie man sal onderstand yat the # sinnis quhilk ar committit with the v wtuert wittis thay ar aganis the v and vi command thay quhilk ar callit the vii deidlie sinnis # ar aganis al the co~mandis of god / prid is aganis the first and # secund

inwy and ir is aganis the v Auarice is aganis the vii glwtone # is aganis the vi / lichore is aganis the vi sweirnes is aganis the thrid co~mand and alsua aganis al the laiff for quhy we ar # sweir to keip ony of thaime as ve suld dw thay quilk ar callit the # fremmit sinnis ar aganis al the co~mandis of god / for quhy ane man ma sine aganis al his commandis in consal thocht or in help thay sinnis quhilk criisz ane wengence to the hewine ar aganis the v and vi and vii command / of al thir forsaid sinnis quhilk ar aganis the co~mandis of god the causz quhairfor ane man # committis thayme is na oder bot euerie man lwfis hime selff and seikkis # his awne wil and profeit and thair with reffis the thyng quhilk # pertenis to god and to his nichtbur / that is / that ane man lwffis # notht god ower al thyng and thankkis and lowis hime notht baith in prosperite and aduersite na kepis notht his command na liffis notht efter his halie wil the causz quhy man takis fra his # nichtburs (the thyng that pertenis to thaime) is that he lwffis / thaime # notht as hime selff / and dois notht to thayme as he wald be dwne # to / the lwiff that ma~ hes to hyme selff is the rwit and grund of # al sine for quhy he wil notht giff to god the thing quhilk pertenis to # hime the quhilk is to lwiff hime ower al thing mair na hime selff Na # he wil notht dw to his nichtburs as he suld that hapnis for causz # he luffis thayme notht as hime self in al maner / heir of ze ma # onderstand yat the commandis of god ar na oder thing bot lwiff as sanct paul writis in the first chaiptur of his first epistil to # Thimothe and in the xiii chaiptur to the romans Na thay forbeid na oder # thing bot lwiff (the quhilk is the ewil and fleslie blynd lwiff of # ald adame) the quhilk ewerie ma~ hes to hime selff of the quhilk cu~is al # sine Na ma~ cane keip the co~ma~dis of god withouth lwiff / na man sinnis notht aganis thayme / bot in the ewil luiff quhilk he # hes to hime selff / quhairfor siclik as lwiff fulfillis al the # commandis of god swa inordinat luiff quhilk ane ma~ hes to hime selff # sinnis aganis al the commandis of god Quhairfor stelis ane man for # causz he desirs and lwffis ane oder ma~nis guidis Quhairfor committis # ane man adultrie for causz he desiris and lwffis ane oder mannis # wiff Quhairfor committis ane man glutony for causz he lwffis his # body

swa ewerie man ma think in hime self of al the sinnis quhilk he committis baith aganis god and his nichtbur thane sal he find that he committis thayme for the inordinat lwiff quhilk he hes # to hime selff thairfor our lord iesus christ commandit his # disciplis as it is writine in the xv chaiptur of S. Ihone i giff zow command # yat euerie ane of zow lwiff oder as i haiff lwffit zow thairthrow # euerie man sal knaw yat ze ar my disciplis gyf euerie ane of zow # lwffis oder Al chrissine ma~ and voman suld prent thir wordis in thair # hart for christ commandit thayme to wsz al als weil as to the # disciplis quhilk wesz present witht hime the same tyme and co~mandit # euerie ane of wsz to lwiff oder as our selff and god ower al thing [}HEIR EFTER FOLOUIS QUHOU MAN SAL KEIP THE COMMANDIS OF GOD TO KEIP THE FIRST CO~MA~D QUHILK IS THOU SAL HAIFF NA ODER STRENGE GODIS}] Thou sal lwiff god with ane richt faith of al thy hart a~d # honour hime al tyme a~d haiff ane stark faith & hop in hime in aduersite als weil as in prosperite And commend the aluterlie # in his pouer and godlie wil and lat hime rewl the and dw with the efter his plesour quhat ewer that be witht thy wil or aganis # thy wil and thank and lowe hime thairfor and dreid hime of lwiff as the guid bairne dois the fader to this comma~d pertenis al # thyngis quhilk ar contenit in the halie writ of faith hop and cherate # (or lwiff to god) quhilk ar heir contenit with few wordis in this command [}TO KEIP THE SECUND COMMAND QUHILK IS THOU SAL NOTHT TAK THE NAYME OF GOD INUANE}] Thow sal honour and lowe and blis the nayme of god a~d cal apone it al tyme baith in prosperite a~d aduersite And desir noth thy aune gloir na lowine yat God ma alanerlie be lowit and

prisit of al creatur forquhy he wirkis al guid in wsz and in al # oder creaturs quhairfor the lowine is his / to this co~mand pertenis # al thing contenit in the halie writ of the lowine and honorine of # God and his blissit nayme [}TO KEIP THE III CO~MAND THE QUHILK IS THOU SAL KEIP THY HALIE DAY}] Thow sal commit and giff the aluterlie to God a~d lat hime # rewl the al tyme in al thy warkis effter his halie wil and giff ower thy selff and thy wil and desiris and lat hime dant the and # correk the as the guid bairne dois the fader this command requiris ane puir spreit yat we suld knaw in our selff yat we cane noth du # na thynk na guid of our selff / bot giff God giff it to wsz of his # special grace Thairfor we suld aluterlie giff wsz in his power and lat hime rewl wsz efter his halie wil / and lat his nayme be # alanerlie honourit and lowit as it is said befor in the ii first # commandis. To this command pertenis al thing quhilk we suld heir of Godis word And al thing quhilk is co~mandit to wsz of guid warkis / # and yat we suld dant the body onder the spreit yat it sal noth lewe # as it desiris bot efter the wil of God Sua yat al our guid warkis # sal be Godis and noth our aune / that is we suld dw thayme to the lowine and honour of God / and noth of our selff [}TO KEIP THE IIII CO~MAND QUHILK IS THOU SAL HONOUR THI FADER AND MODER}] Thow sal honour thy elders and frendis and al thayme quhilk hes power and rewl of the onder God and thayme quhilk techis and prechis godis word / to this command pertenis al thingis quhilk ar commandit in the halie writ of obedience and subiectione to oders onder God / and quhow we suld obey to thayme quheder thay be ewil or guid efter the command of God

in al lesum thingis bid thay wsz dw ony thing quhilk is agane # his co~mand thairto we awe na obedience to thayme na to na oder creatur / as the halie apostlis ansuert (as it is writine in v # chaiptur of thair dedis) to the rewlers of the tempil and the cheif # prestis quhen thay commandit thayme yat thay suld noth prech of the nayme of Iesus Christ [}TO KEIP THE V CO~MAND QUHILK IS THOU SAL NOTH SLA}] Thow sal be meik and marciful and haiff pece and ane # cheritabil hart to al man (zei to thy inimis) without ony Inui hetrand or ir To this co~mand pertenis al thingis quhilk ar # contenit in the halie writ of meiknes pece sufferance and concord et ce [}TO KEIP THE VI CO~MAND QUHILK IS THOU SAL NOTH CO~MIT ADULTRIE}] Thou sal lewe honestlie without ony kind of lichore / and be cleyne in thocht and honest in wark and word and in taiknis / and be sober in meitis and drinkkis and sleping / and dw al # oder thing quhilk cane help the to keip chaistite and clenesz / to # this command pertenis al techine of clenesz and chaistite as to fast # and pray and wirk and to be noth ydil and to fle al euil occasione quhilk ma drawe ane man thairto / for thair is in the vi # chaiptur of his first epistil to the Corin. fle fornicatione et ce [}TO KEIP THE VII CO~MAND QUHILK IS THOU SAL NOTH STEIL}] Thow sal be pwir spiritualie in thy hart and desir noth na # steil noth in ony maner the thing quhilk pertenis to thy nichtbur bot thow sal be weil willand and cheritabil to euerie man / and

giff and len to the pwir of thy gwidis a~d mony / to this # co~ma~d pertenis al techine quhilk techis wsz that we suld noth desir # ony oder ma~nis guidis or dissaue or begil thayme or commit okkir # or stop ony man of his profeit [}TO KEIP THE VIII COMMAND QUHILK IS THOU SAL NOTHT BEIR FALS WITNES AGANIS THY NICHTBUR}] Thow sal keip thy twng that thow dw na man skaith in thy wordis bot help euerie man with thy guid word quhair thow cane / and speik guid of euerie man / and with thy guid vord # help to mak pece betwix thayme quhilk ar inimis / and excusz thy nichtburs faltis the best thow cane / be faithful in thy word # and promis / and speik lawlie and without fenzeitnes to euerie man # to this command pertenis al techine quhilk co~mandis that thow sal noth hurt thy nichtbur in his fayme and honour or in ony oder guidis [}TO KEIP THE IX AND X CO~MAND QUHILK AR THOU SAL NOTH DESIR THY NICHTBURS HUS OR WIFF MADINE OR SERUAND ET CE}] Thow sal noth desir wra~guslie ony thing quhilk pertenis to # thy nichtbor bot lewe honestlie in al maner And thow sal mortifi the ewil desiris of thy hart bot this cane noth be perfitlie in # this mortal liff quhil we be lowsit of this mortal body thair is na # oder thing contenit in this forsaid commandis bot quhou thow sal # lwiff God and thy nichtbur a~d noth thy selff na lwiff noth thy selff # better na thy nichtbur for quhy lwiff sekis noth the aune bot the # thing quhilk pertenis to God and to thy nichtbur he that hes perfit lwiff in hime he is humil and redy to serwe euerie man and wil blithlie part betvix hime and his nichtburs quhat he hes efter # his power / heir of euerie man ma leir and onderstand that al # dotrine

quhilk is neidful to onderstand and to lewe richt thairefter / # is contenit in few wordis in thir x co~mandis of God Quhay # fulfillis or dois thayme thay dw sa mony guid warkis as ar neidful to the saluatione of the saul / sua that thay neid noth to pasz to # halie placis in far landis noder to the halie grawe na to rome efter # the papis pardone or to S. Iamis in spa~ze traista~d thairthrow to # dw warkis (quhilk thay think ar guid) quhilk god hes noth # commandit / God hes hime selff commandit the warkis quhilk we suld dw swa that we neid noder to seik or leir of oder vane maisters quhat guid warkis we suld dw / bot we suld du first and last the guid varkis quhilk God hes co~mandit wsz in his x co~mandis giff we # wil be saiff as our saluiour sais in the xix chaiptur of S. # Matheu / Leiff thow ony of the co~mandis and guid warkis quhilk God hes co~mandit the to dw / and dw al the oder varkis qvhilk ar # techit in al the buikis of the wardel and al oder varkis quhilk thow cane ymagine or oders cane writ thay auail the na thing be for God # bot thay bring the erer to condamnatione for causz thow lichtlis # the command of God and dois oder varkis efter thy aune wil and ymaginatione or as men hes lerit and co~mandit ye to dw / that # is lik as ane maister commandit his seruand to dw ony thing and he passit furtht a~d did ane oder thing aganis his command and # vesz inobedient to hime and lichtlit his command / sua dw thay al quhilk lichtlis the command of god and dois oder guid warkis as thay think efter thair aune ymaginacione (as dois the mwnkis # and freris in the obseruance of thair tradicions) heir it is # manifestlie schauine and techit in thir forsaid x commandis quhat euerie # man suld dw to god and to his nichtbur and that he sal notht lwiff # hime selff bot god and his nichtbur / swa that euerie man ma # cleirlie onderstand and se thairof / that we suld lwiff euerie ane oder # and notht our self and thane we fulfil the law as S. paul writis in # the xiii chaiptur to the romans / it is notht neidful to leir or # command man to lwiff hime selff for euerie ma~ lwffis hime selff mair # na he suld dw with richt / quhairfor it is mair neidful to forbeid # man to lwiff hime selff and to co~mand hime to lwiff god ower al thing # and his nichtbur as hime selff thairfor he lwffis best quhilk # lwffis notht

hime selff bot his nichtburs and he lwffis warst quhilk lwffis # hime selff and notht his nichtburs as the co~mand of god requiris # heir euerie man ma mark quhow few thair is that lwffis richt efter # the command and wil of god for that is impossibil yat man of his # aune strintht or power cane lewe richt in al thingis efter the # co~ma~d and wil of god thairfor sane we cane that perfitlie marck a~d knau # of our aune weknes we suld seik and leir quhow we ma keip and fulfil the x commandis of god this we sal find and leir of the # halie chrissine faith as it is contenit in the creid [}OFF THE HALIE CHRISSINE FAITH}] Heir euerie man sal onderstand that faith is diuidit in iii # partis efter the iii parsons namit in the creid the first part of the fader the secu~d is of the sone the thrid is af the halie # spreit thir ar the gretast a~d maist special articulis of our faith of the # quhilk al the laiff dependis heir euerie ma~ sal mark that ane man ma # trow ii maner of wais of god First he ma trow as it is said of hime / # that thair is ane god siclik as ane man trowis the thing quhilk is # said of ane oder as it is said that thair is ane twrk and trowis that # is trew / of sic faith spekis S. Iamis in his ii chaiptur that the # dewillis trowis and trimlis / the secund is that man trowis notht # alanerlie that thair is ane god (as dois the dewillis) bot trowis in hime # and puttis al his hop and traist in hime and giffis and comme~dis # hime aluterlie in his power and lattis hime do with hime a~d rewl # hime efter his halie wil and trowis without ony dout that he wil do # weil to hime and haiff cuir of hime and prouid for hime and deliuer # hime fra al ewil and trowis this noth of the paip na cardinal na # thair legatis na of ony oder mortal ma~ quhow grit that ewer rwisz # thair power thow ma weil trow that thay haiff vardlie power bot trow notht thairfor that thay haiff power to saiff and to giff the # ye euerlestand blis of hewine

[}THE XII ARTICULIS OF THE HALIE CRISSINE FAITH AS THAY AR CONTENIT IN THE CREID QUHAIR THAY HAIFF THAIR GRUND AND FUNDAMENT PROWINE BE THE HALIE WRIT}] Efter that our lord iesus christ haid co~mandit his apostlis # to gang throw al the vardil to prech his halie va~gel to al # creatur (that is to al man and voman) thay gadrit al to gider a~d schew quhat artikil euerie ane of thaime held in the halie chrissine # faith and declarit al with ane mind quhat euerie ane of thayme suld # suld tech and prech to the pepil quhair thay come that thair techine and prechine suld be conforme and agreand to gider and that thay suld prech the richt word of god (the wa~gel of iesus christ) # ower al the vardil witht ane mind and ane spreit withouth ony diuersite / swa thay declarit al with ane mind of this xii articulis of our # halie chrissine faith to tech and prech thayme to the pepil as we # reid thaime now in the creid and oder thair selff or thair # successours wrait thayme in few vordis as thay ar co~tenit in the same # creid that wesz neidful that thay deid sua that euerie ma~ and voman # ma leir and remember apone thaime / neuertheles thay quhilk ar # lerit a~d cane reid a~d ondersta~d suld se a~d reid in the bibil # quhilk is the gru~d a~d vol of al godlie doctrine and hewinlie visdom neidful # to knaw / of the quhilk thir xii articulis and al oder doctrine # and exhortacione ar out drawine quhilk ar neidful to our # saluacione / we trow that the bodi and blwid of our lord Iesus christ is # contenit veralie in the sacrame~t of the alter onder the forme of breid # and vine and this standis notht in thir xii articulis / thairfor we # man forthir se and reid the halie writ and noth alanerlie thir xii # articulis Neuertheles the principal thingis ar contenit in thayme quhilk # ar maist neidful to knaw to the saluatione of the saul / sane it # is sua yat faith is sa neidful that neyne kane be saiff without it as # Christ sais in the last ch. of S. Mark he that trowis noth sal be # co~da~nit and S. Paul in the xi ch. to ye Hebr. that it is impossibil # that ony ma~ cane pleisis God without faith a~d Ihone in his iii cha. he # yat trowis noth he is now co~da~nit thairfor the dewil our ald # innime

lauburs nycht and day to draw wsz fra the faith a~d fra thir # xii artikils thairfor we suld be diligent that we prent thir xii # artikils in our hart with ane stedfast faith that we ma manfullie stand # aganis al his te~ptatione and sutel craft / our lord Iesus Christ # answert with the halie writ aganis his te~ptatione as S. Mathew vritis # in his iiii cha. quhen he desirit of hime to co~ma~d the stenis to be # breid / our saluiour ansuert to hime / it is vritine man liffis noth # alanerlie of breid bot of euerie word quhilk cu~is of the mwtht of God / # The dewil set hime apone the pinnakil of the te~pil a~d said to # hime gyff thow be the sone of God leip dwne our saluiour ansuert to the dewil agane it is writine / Thow sal notht temp thy lord God # the dewil schew to hime al ye ki~gdo~s of ye wardel a~d said to # hime I sal giff thir al to the and thow wil fal dune and adorne (or # virschip) me / our saluiour ansuert hime agane it is vritine Thow sal # adorne thy lord God and wirschip hime alanerlie thane the dewil passit # fra hime confundit be the halie writ sua suld we stand and fecht # aganis the dewil with faith and the halie writ quhen he te~pis ws / # the dewil fleis fra the halie writ the quhilk is the richt verite / # forquhy he is fader and begynner of falset and leyng quhairfor he ma # notht lwiff the euerlestand word of verite quhilk is contenit in the # halie writ / he is heid ower al mirknes quhairfor he fleis the licht # of verite / he is ye begynner of deid quhairfor he fleis ye word # of verite quhilk is ye euerlestand lyff as S. Ihone sais in his vi chaiptur / thairfor al chrysyne man suld grund and fessyne thir # xii artikils of faith throw and abut al sid witht the halie vrit # that ye dewil owercum thayme notht the halie vrit is ane swrd to fecht witht aganis the dewil and his me~bers and al the stedfastnes # and grwnd of our faith cumis of the halie vrit for quhy al that it # leris and commandis wsz that is rycht and verite and godis wil / it # is alsua our rycht lycht and way / forquhy it is of ye halie # spreit a~d techis vsz al that is neidful to our saluacione / it confortis # vs in al our aduersite and temptacione a~d leris vs to stand aganis al # heresie / it gyffis vs lycht of our ignorance / quhairfor S. Paul sais in # the xv chaiptur to Rom. that al thyngis quhilk ar vrityne thay ar # vritine for our instruccione that we suld haif ane fast hop throw # consolacione

of the scripturs / he sais sua in the iii chaiptur of the # secund epistil to Thimo. al the writ quhilk is inspirit be the halie # Gaist is profetabil to tech / to reprw / to correk / to informe in # rychttusnes yat ane chrissine man ma be without cryme / redy to al guid warkis / the sekir faith and ye greit profeit quhilk is in # godis word a~d doctrine is techit in the halie writ / quhilk is the ald # a~d new testame~t / thay schaw ws cleirlie / that men hes noth spokine # na vritine yame of thair self bot god hym self hes spokine thayme # be me~ a~d that yai ar noth me~nis vordis bot godis / sua spak God # to Moses as it is vritine in the iiii ch. of Ex ga~g furth to the # kyng I sal be in thy muth and I sal tech ye quhat thou sal say to # hyme / crist is our techour for he is verite as it is writine in the # xiiii chaip. of S. Ihone / The fader hes giffine the Halie chrissine # kirk Iesum Christum his sone to ane doctor of verite / quhome man # suld heir and trow as S. Matheu vritis in his xvii chaiptur / thair # sais the fader this is my deir sone in quhom I delit heir hyme In # the first artikil of our halie faith The first word is I trow # forquhy S. Paul sais in the xi chaiptur to the Hebreis that it is impossibil # that ony man cane pleisz God without faith for he wil weil reward thayme yat sekis hyme we say noth first in the faith I sey or wait bot # we say I trow S. Paul sais in the same cha. faith is ane fast grwnd of # that quhilk we trow werilie to get and ane assent of hart to thay # thingis quhilk we se noth na aperis noth thir xii artikils of faith ar # the vnderlie secret thyngis of God quhilk cane noth be comprehendit be the visdome of man / bot thay ar aluterlie seyne with the # eyne of faith / the visdome of mane cane noth onderstand that God is wordine mane and suffert to de / and is wprissine agane fra # deid / or that he sal wpraisz agane al thayme to the euerlesta~d lyff # quhilk deid in ye richt chrissine faith Or that Christ is ascendit wp # to the heuine and sittis at the faders rycht hand and that the same # Christ the sone of God is borne of ane cleyne and pwir virgine / The wisdome of the corsz is siclik huyd and cane noth be seyne with # the fleslie eyne or onderstandit be the visdome of men forquhy it # is ane heuinlie secreit thyng quhilk is aluterlie seyne with the # eyne of faith / Al the visdome of the vardil knawis na thyng thair # of /

thair for sais S. Paul in the first chaiptur of the first # epistil to the Cor. / Ve prech Iesu Christ crucifeit sclander to the Iowis and folie to the gentils / bot we prech to ye chosyne Iouis and # gentils that Iesus Christ is the visdome a~d the power of God / the # ge~tils thynkkis that it is greit folie that god suld de quhilk hes # power ower al thyng / yai wist noth of his godlie secreit that he # wald word ma~ for our saluation as it vesz predestinat with God or # the begynning of the vardil S. Paul sais in the for allegit # chaiptur / sane vardlie men ke~d notht the visdome of God be thair visdome thane God plesit to sayff ye faithful throw ye folie of God our lord Iesus christ is maid ane takine aganis quhom sal be agane # said / a~d he sal be ane fal to mony / and alsua ane wprissine to mony # of ye pepil of Israel as it is vritine in ye ii chai. of S. Luc. # Christ is ane steyne apone the quhilk mony sal hurt thayme to thair # destructione as it is vritine the viii chaiptur of the propheit Iesaie Iesus # Christ is al chrissine mannis visdome the quhilk saiffis ws / and we # trow in hyme that he hes maid mendis for our synnis / and thair of we raios / in al our aduersite al the gentil doctowrs and # philosophors greit visdome and craft culd notht perfitlie confort thayme or # sterk thayme in thair aduersite and trowbil God hes al tyme hwyd the richt visdome fra thayme quhilk haldis thayme selff wisz / and schawis it to thayme that ar simpil and law and desiris it # meiklie of hyme as S. Mat vritis in his xi chaiptur / ye Iouis trowit to # be richtus a~d saiff be the law / and throw thair aune guid warkis # and strintht bot thay culd noth thair throw be saiff as S. Paul # sais in the ix chaiptur to the Romans / Thay lychtlit Iesus Christ ye # quhilk is the end of the law / quhay trowis in hyme sal be saiff as Paul vritis in ye x chaiptur to the Romans / Thair is ane oder # richtusnes quhilk is of God and the Iowis wist noth thair of as Paul # vritis to ye Romans in the first and in the iii chaiptur this richtusnes # is na oder thyng bot to trow that quhilk makis ane sinful mane # richtus and saiff as Paul vritis to ye Romans in the iiii chaiptur / Is # it sua that ony trow in our lord Iesus Christ that he is veralie the # sone of God and he hes diliuerit hyme fra the deuil and fra the # eternal

condampnatione thane that faith quhilk he hes is countit to # hyme for richtusnes be for God Faith is noth ane thing quhilk ane man cane giff to hyme # selff quhen he wil bot it is ane greit gyft of God the quhilk renwis # the hart and makis ane nev ma~ quhair be for he wes of ald adame in ewil desiris and sinful lyff / to trow / that is to sta~d fast # at Godis vord quhat he promisis to wsz quhat euer it be that he wil # fulfil his promis na ma~ cane haiff this faith of hime selff bot the # spreit of God giffis this licht in the hart a~d renwis it inuertlie / ane ne # of the body / a~d ye euerlesta~d liff bot quhen deid cu~is yat ye saul # a~d body ma~ depart this opinione hes na power na strinth in it / for # quhen he gettis ony aduersite or persecutione thane it wanissis and # wauers as ane dreyme / that is noth aneucht that ony reid the creid or # rekin ye articulis co~tenit in it x or xii timis apone ye day a~d # siclik the pater noster / bot we suld perfitlie ondersta~d it a~d pre~t it # inuertlie in our hartis that we noth alanerlie rekine a~d speik the # articulis co~tenit in it with our mwth bot alsua wit our hart / that # quhair thair cu~is ony aduersite or p~secutione thane we ma trow with # the hart siclik as we spak befor with the mwcht Thow sais i trow forgiffine of my sinnis bot quhen the deuil cu~is in the time # of deid a~d te~pis the to dispair of forgiffine of thayme / Thane # thow art reid a~d dowtis a~d fallis in dispair Thairof euerie ma~ ma # ondersta~d that thow sais this with thy mwcht and noth with the hart for thow trowis noth perfitlie that thy si~nis ar forgiffine / Thow # sais i trow the resurrectio thane thow art sa red as baith the saul # a~d the body suld aluterlie de a~d that thair var na mair thairefter of # the / se a~d co~seder that in thy selff / and thow haid ane richt # faith in thy hart of this artikil that thow trowit weralie that thou suld # risz wp agane fra deid a~d get the euerlesta~d liff thairefter / thane # thow wald noth dispair na be red for quhy faith is socht and prouine in # aduersite as the gold is prouine in the fyr. Thairfor thow sal al time # pray meiklie to God thy heuinlie fader giff in my hart the richt # faith for thy sone Iesu christ our lordis saik. [^THE SHERIFF COURT BOOK OF FIFE, 1515-1522. ED. W.C. DICKINSON. SCOTTISH HISTORY SOCIETY, THIRD SERIES, 12. EDINBURGH 1928. PP. 2.26 - 49.27^]

[} (\ [{I{] X=O= JANUARII ANNO XIIIJ\) }] [^A LIST OF NAMES AND A PASSAGE IN LATIN OMITTED^]

The quhilk day in the actioune & cause persewit be Isobell meldrum the spous of wmquhile Johnne Kynner of that Ilke aganis Andrew Mathiesoune of carnabo &

Johnne betoune of creich tueching the allegiit wranguis taking fra hir of v oxin as is contenit in ane summondis tharupone the said Isobel comperand personalie and the saidis Andrew & Johne be thare procuratour schir laurence Alexandersone the said schir laurence grantit the taking of the said oxin be ane Just title allegiit & schewin in Jugement & allegiit dauid Kynnere the sone and air of the said wmquhile Johne in warant to the productioune of the quhilke the Juge assignit to hyme the penult day of the said moneth The quhilk day maister dauid Sibbald in the name of elizabeth Sibbald the spous of wmquhill williame farny of that Ilke protestit solemmtlie that the dew seruyng of Andrew farnyis breuis of inquest and his clame of the landis of westir farny the forest of Culface the landis of Nuthil with officis of the constabularye of Couper & forestary of the park of falkland with thare proffittis and pertinence clamit be the said Andro suld turne hir to na preiudice anent hir coniunctinfeftmentis and richtis quhilkis sche had & has of the said landis The quhilk day the breif of Inquest of our Souerane lordis chapel Impetrat be Dauid grundistone of glaslie is with consent of party that is to say the said Dauid one ane parte & the chantour of breichine for the airis of wmquhil Dauid balfour of petcullo one that wthir parte continuit to [{the{] penult day of the said moneth in forme and effect as it now is but preiudice of party The quhilk day the actioune & cause persewit be henry petcarne of petlour aganis Andrew murray of kippo kny=t= allegiit to be compromittit Is with consent of the saide henry one ane parte and williame scot of baluerye kny=t= for the said schir Andrew murray & caucioune for hyme that he sall hald ferme and stable quhat he dois for hyme in the said actioune one that wthir parte continuit to the samyne effect as of befoir to the said penult day of Januar The quhilk day Andrew Setone of perbroth comperit in

Jugement producit and schew ane perambulacioune selit with the selis of certane baronis tueching the diuisioune of the landis and merchis of ladifferone pertenyng to hyme and the landis callit the forest of Kilface pertenyng to the lard of farny and protestit that the dew seruyng of the breuis of Inquest thare presentit be Andrew farny the sone and air of wmquhile williame farny of that Ilke suld gener na preiudice to hyme in safer as is contenit in the said perambulacioune nor to his airis eftirwartis The quhilk day Alexander teruate of that Ilke producit our souerane lordis lettres in Jugement requiring and chargeing the schiref foirsaid to tak cognicione & knawlege be ane Inquest of the baronis frehaldaris and wtheris of the quantite and awale of the said Alexanderis waird landis haldin alsweil of our Souerane lord as of the # archibischop of Sanctandrois and quhat thai ar now worth be +geir eftir the productione of the quhilk lettres the schiref foirsaid gert the personis foirsaid chosin tharto be suorne for the cognicioune & knawlege of the quantite and awaile of the said Alexanderis waird landis haldin alsweile of the king as of the archibischop foirsaid quhilkis fand & deliuerit that the said Alexanderis waird landis haldin of the king ar now worth be +geir xxiiij merkis and his waird landis haldin of the archibischop of Sanctandrois worth be +geir xxvj merkis quhilk extendis in the haile to fifty merkis and thareftir be resonable estimacione & modifiyng the schiref foirsaid maid the said Alexander to haif xij l~ib of the malis and proffittis of his said warde landis +geirlie during the tyme of the warde tharof and quhill his lachful aige and decernit preceptis to be direct to command & charge Dauid leirmonth quhilk has the gift of all the said warde landis that he redelye ansuer and obey to the said Alexander in the thankful paying of hyme of the foirsaid sowme of xij l~ib to his sustentacione +geirlie quhill his lachfull aige and geif neid be to compel & distren+ge tharfor +geirlie as effeiris The quhilk day the actioune of blodewit betuix robert aysoune & Johne howisoune is continuit to the penult

day of Januar foiresaid in forme and effect as it now is but preiudice of party and thai warnit (\apud acta\) [} (\IX=O= DIE MENSIS JANUARII\) }] The quhilk day Alexander lochmalony of that Ilke protestit that he suld nocht be compellit to ansuer at the instance of Thomas berclay of the rynd eftirwart because he wes summond at his instance to the said day & nocht callit nor persewit one to the tyme he had his expenssis payit as efferit The quhilk day James lochmalony protestit siclike for his expenssis aganis the said Thomas The quhilk day Jonet borthuik the spous of wmquhile Andrew anstrothir of that Ilke was be the said inquest at the command of our souerane lordis breuis seruit of ane resonable terce and j thirdparte of all and sindry the landis of anstrothir and of the myl of the samyne with thare pertinence liand within the schirefdome of fiffe of the quhilkis the said wmquhile Andrew deit westit and sesit as of fee and of all wthir landis and annuel rentis of the quhilkis he deit westit and sesit within the said schirefdome and is befallin the sone Cauile of the samyne in Jugement and preceptis decernit to be direct tharupoune to beken and inter hir hir procuratouris or actornais ane or ma tharto as effeiris baith landis milyne toft croft & tenementis with thare pertinentis The quhilk day in the actioune & cause persewit be Marioune petcarne the spous of wmquhile Johnne multrare of disert aganis Johne multrare of Seyfeild tueching the wranguis withhalding fra hir of the malis proffittis dewiteis and wthir gudis of the landis of the Newtoune of markinsche liand within the schirefdome of fiffe pertenyng to hir like as is contenit in the summondis tharupone the said Johnne multrare of markinsche ofttymes callit & comperit nocht he being lachfullie summond tharto of before with intimacioune as efferit

the said Marioune comperand personalie producit certane witnes to preif hir intent quhilkis wer lachfullie summond tharto of befoir and be the said schiref deputis thane resauit suorne & examinit in Jugement wpoune the poyntis and articlis contenit in the said summondis to the nowmer of v witnes be the quhilkis it wes clerlie preuit that the said Johne multrare of markinsche had takin wp and withheld fra the said marioune the malis proffittis and gudis of the saidis landis pertenyng to hir as eftir followis that is to say xl stane of chese of the proffit of J=c= +gowis the price of the stane xl d~ iiij stane of buttir the price of the stane vj s~ with the girse male of iiij scor of schep extending to xxxij s~ the girse maile of xxxij nolt extending to iij l~ib iiij s~ the girse male of vj horse extending to xxiiij s~ with xij turs of hay the price xxiiij s~ and tua oxin the price iij l~i iiij s~ quhilk extendis in the haile to the sowme of xvij l~ib xiij s~ iiij d~ the quhilk proffit malis & dewiteis wes of this instant +geir Eftir the quhilk probacioune the schiref deputis foirsaid being awisit with thar assessouris fand decretit & deliuerit that the said Johne multrare of markinsche had done wrang in the wptaking & withhalding of the saidis malis proffittis & dewiteis foirsaid fra the said marione and ordanit the foirsaid sowme for the awaile tharof to be contentit & payit be hyme to hir within the terme of law & preceptis to be direct to compel & distren+ge tharfor as efferis [^LATIN OMITTED^]

The quhilk day the actioune & cause mouete be schir williame scot aganis James ramsay in petgorno like as is contenit in the summondis tharupoune is with consent of party continuit to the last day of februar as it now Is in hoipe of concord but preiudice of party & the partiis wairnit tharof (\apud acta\) The quhilk day the actioune of bloidwit persewit apone henry dempstertoune is continuit to the said day and he wairnit (\apud acta\) [^LATIN OMITTED^]

The quhilk day the actioune and cause persewit be Isobell meldrome the spous of wmquhile Johne kynnere of that Ilke aganis Johnne betoune of creich and andrew Mathiesoune of carnbo tueching the allegiit wranguis away taking of fiwe oxin like as is contenit in ane summondis tharupoune is with consent of party continuit to the said day for the productioune of the bischope of glasgw as warand allegiit be the said Johne & Andrew at the command of our souerane lordis lettres as terme peremptour but ony langer dilay or excusacione and the partiis be thar procuratouris that is to say the chantour of breichin for the said Isobel and schir laurence Alexander[{sone{] for the saidis Johnne and Andrew warnit tharof (\apud acta\) [} (\PENULTIMO JANUARII\) }] The quhilk day schir Andrew murray of kippo kny=t= producit ane lettir of exempcioune of our souerane lordis king James the feird quhame gode assol+ge the quhilk was be interlocutour of court fundin of nane awaile force nor effect because it wes Impetrat in the tyme of Andrew lundin of balgony kny=t= schiref of fiffe for Inamite pley & discord betuix thame of heretaige and that the said lettir aucht nocht to be admittit for stopping or deffering of Justice in the actioune persewit be henry petcarne of petlour because thar was na cause of suspicioune proponit agane the Juge The quhilk day the actioune & cause persewit aganis Michael fortoune & dauid Thomsone in carnebe of bloidwite wes continuit to the said last day of februar and thai warnit tharof (\apud acta\)

The quhilk day the actione of bloidwite persewit aganis robert aysoune and Johnne howisoune is continuit to the said day and thai warnit tharof (\apud acta\) The quhilk day Thomas swan was summond in Jugement to compere the said last day of februar to ansuere at the instance of george foirman eftir the tenour of ane precepte The quhilk day the breif of Inquest Impetrat be dauid grundistoune of glaislye Is with consent of party continuit to the said day as of befoir (\sub spe concordie\) The quhilk day the actioune and cause persewit be Johnne claphene of claslogy aganis Johnne skrimgeour of the myris tueching the spoil+geing allegiit of certane caittaile like as is contenit in the summondis tharupone is continuit to the last day of februar for the publicacioune of certane witnes producit be the said Johne claphene with consent of party and thai wairnit tharof (\apud acta\) [^LATIN OMITTED^] The quhilk day the actioune & cause persewit be maister robert boiswell persoune of auchterderay aganis Johne mailuile of the raith kny=t= & certane wtheris his complicis

is with consent of party continuit to the xx day of merche nixt to cum as it now is wnder hoip of concord & the partiis wairnit tharof (\apud acta\) The quhilk day the actioune & cause persewit be Johnne berclay in disert aganis dauid wemis of that Ilke like as is contenit in ane precepte of summondis tharupone is with consent of party continuit to the said xx day of merche as it now is but preiudice of party and thai wairnit tharof (\apud [{acta{] \) and the witnes contenit in the saide summondis summond of new in Jugement to the said day The quhilk day all actionis & summondis maid to the said last day of februar wes be the schiref foirsaid of speciale command of the lordis of counsale for certane greit caussis mowing thame tharto continuit to the said xx day of merche [^LATIN OMITTED^] The quhilk day all actionis & summondis of party to this court wer be the deput foirsaid continuit to the heid court nixt eftir pask for debilite of court but preiudice of party The quhilk day robert balfour protestit solemmtlie for hyme self & his collegis summond at the instance of gelis berclay that because thai wer summond & nocht callit that tharfor thai suld haif thar expenssis or thai ansuerit and for remeid of law tyme & place neidfull to ansair [^LATIN OMITTED^]

The quhilk day Johne skrimgeour of the myris maser personalye In Jugement of fre will stud content grantit & promittit to refer and referrit the haile clame and actioune being different betuix hyme & Dauid Jamisoune burges of the said burgh as donatar cessionar and assigna to the airis of wmquhile Johnne farny burges of the burgh foirsaid to patrik lord lyndesay of the biris and collegis quhame he plesit to tak to hyme submittand hyme to his Jurisdictioune tharintill alanerlie with his collegis # foirsaid [^LATIN OMITTED^]

The quhilk day the schireffis foirsaid at the command of our Souerane lordis lettres be deliuerance of the lordis of counsale continuit the said heid court and all actionis depending tharupone to the viij day of Maii nixt to cum in the samyne forme force and effect as it now is but preiudice of party and that day to haif the samyne strenth of the said heid court as this day in all thingis but excepcioune or Impediment quhatsumeuir The quhilk day Jonet pete in the kingiscarne comperit personalie in courte as sche that was lauchfully summond tharto at the Instance of laurence Hagye in Randelstoune for xiiij b of aittis and opynlye allegeit & said that Henry sibbald mare quhilk summond hir to the saide court had arrestit hir cornis & gudis being wpone the ground of kingiscarne foirsaid and tharfor offerrit hir Reddy to wnderly the law wpone ony clame or chalange that the saide laurence or ony otheris had aganis hir & askyt hir said cornes & gudis to be relaxt of the saide arest wnder souerte as efferyt And thane the schireffis & deputis foirsayd tuke Robert Webstar in petmerch souerte for the saide Jonete to do to the said laurence for hir saide gudis It that the law Requiris & to ansuere befor thame or ony of thame tharfor eftir the forme of law And put the said actione wnder continuacione to the said viij day of Maii & the partiis warnit tharof (\apud acta\)

The quhilk day the said laurence hagy personaly in Jugement alegeit that he hadd the said landis of kingiscarne in tak & assedacione of dauid spens of Wilmerstoune and grantit opynly that the said dauid Spens interit hyme tharto eftir the forme of his assedacioune / & that he nore nane in his name Removit hyme neuir tharfra the quhilk the said dauid [\laurence?\] askyt to be actit [^LATIN OMITTED^]

The quhilk day Walter hird thane duelland in pyotstoune was Inditit & folowit be toung be Johnne andersone Williame eldar & Johnne Symsone duelland in kaskeirdoch for the thiftwis steling fra thame of ten scheipe quhilkis war thar present & tane with the said walter & als accusyt of commoune thift The quhilk thift the said walter denyit & tuke hyme to gode & the knawlaige of the said assise tharupone The quhilk assise past furth of courte suorne Riplie & weil avisyt deliuerly enterit & be the mouth of Thomas ballingall deliuerit that the said Walter had stollin the said scheipe & was art & parte tharof / & thane the Jugis gert geif dome of courte tharupone that the said walter suld be had to the gallous for the said thift & hangyt quhil he war ded quhilk wes done in continent but dilay The quhilk day & courte Johnne skrymgeour of the Miris Masser protestyt for his gudis being in the handis of the said walter hird that his accusacione suld turne hyme to na preiudice & for Remede of law before the accusacioune [^LATIN OMITTED^]

The quhilk day In the actioune & cause perseuit be Maister alexander Coluile persone of disarte Aganis dame margarete lady Sinclare Johnne Sinclare dauid mailuile Johnne Inglis williame kirkye Robert Clerk & Thomas murray tueching the allegiit wranguis spoil+geing fra hyme & his factouris & fermouraris of the fruitis & offerandis & deuiteis of his benefice & personaige of the kirk of disarte as at mare lenth is contenit in oure Souerane lordis lettres & precepte of summondis direct & past tharwpone The said Maister alexander comperand personaly & the said lady be hir procuratour williame clerk thai being lauchfully summound tharto of before Maister James Symsone etc prelocutour for the saide master alexander allegiit that he was Spoil+geit be the saidis personis of his fruitis offerandis & deuiteis of his said benefice & kirk & for the probacioune of his Intent tharof producit certane witnes quhilkis wer lachfully summond tharto And thane the said williame clerk procuratoure foirsaid alegiit that the pley tharof was dependand before the officer of sanctandrois in the spirituale Court & that tharfore the schiref aucht nocht to knaw tharapone bot he schew na writing nor nane wthir maner of probacione tharof bot desiryt the aith of the said master alexander to be tane tharapone to the quhilk the said Master alexander ansuerit sayand that he knew na dependence of that actione of spoil+ge before the officer be na libel summondis nor of command of hyme nor he suld nocht be compellit to gif his aith tharapone because of Just Ignorance that he knew nocht tharof for the quhilk Ignorance he mycht lesumily be the law refuse to gif his aith tharone / bot he maid the aith of verite Juramentum calumpnie that he trastit he had ane Just cause baith to persew & defend in the said mater & desyrit the said williame procuratour foirsaid to mak the aith of fidelite siclike that he trastit he had Just cause to propone the said excepcione & to defend the said mater the quhilk the said williame Refusit alutraly bot maid

protestacione and past [{furth{] of courte allegeand that the witnes producit in the cause war Inimiis to the said lady & personis foirsaid bot he wald prefe na cause of Inamite And thane the Juge gert Cal the witnes for the probacioune of the saide Spoil+ge be the quhilkis It was clerlie prewit that the said personis had Spoil+geit & takyne wp the said Master alexandris teynd froittis offerandis & deuiteis of his said personaige & kirk of disarte sen the feist of lammes last bipast For the quhilk the Juge being avisit with his assessouris decretis & deliueris that the said # personis had done wrang in the spoil+geing of the said Master alexander his factouris and fermouraris of the said froittis & that tharfore thai had incurrit the panis of law & [{wer{] / in amerciamentis of Court & ordanit the said spoil+ge to be restoryt eftir the forme of the kingis lettres & gert gif dome of Courte tharupoune & decernit preceptis to be direct for the restitucione of the samyn safer as can be lachfully prevyt The quhilk day In the actioune and cause persewit be James scot burges of disert factour and fermourar to maister Alexander coluile persone of disert Aganis ane noble lady margaret lady sincler Johne sinclar dauid mailuile Johne Inglis williame kirkye robert clerk and Thomas murray tueching the allegiit wranguis spoil+geing fra hyme of the fruttis and offerandis of the kirk of disert like as at mare lenth Is contenit in our souerane lordis lettres Impetrat be the said James and ane precept of summondis direct tharupone the said James comperand personalie and the said lady be her procuratour williame clerk thai being lauchfullie summond tharto of before the said James producit publist & schew Ane sufficient lettres of tak maid to hyme of the fruttis of the said kyrk be the said maister alexander & subscriuit with his hand lik as the said maister alexander grantit in Jugement & ratifiit & apprevit the sammyne And thane the said williame clerk procuratour to the said lady allegiit the actione & pley

tharof to be dependand befor the officer of sanctandrois in the spirituale court bot he wald schew na probatioun nore evident tharupone bot referrit the probatioune tharof to the aith of the said maister alexander & thane it wes [{ansuerit{] be the said James that the actioune and cause betuix hyme & the said lady aucht nocht to be referrit to the aith of the said maister alexander nore he wald one na wise consent tharto bot desirit that the said williame clerk procuratour for the said lady suld mak sufficient probatioune wpone his allegatioune as the law requirit And desirit the said procuratour to mak Juramentum calumpnie that he traistit he hed Just cause to persew & defend quhilk he rafusit and thane the Juge gart call certane wittnes producit be the said James for the probatioune of his intent quhilkis wer lauchfullie Summond tharto & suorne to the noumer of vj persones And thane the said williame clerk procuratour forsaid allegiit that the said wittnes wer Inimiis to the said lady & tharfor aucht nocht to be resauit bot he wald nocht propone nore scheu na probatioune nore document tharupone nore wald nocht mak the said aith of fidelite Juramentum calumpnie as said is bot protestit & past [{furth{] of courte And thane because the said williame clerk procuratour for the said lady comperand & admittit in court wald schew na probatione document title nore evident or cause uppone his allegatione bot wourdis allanerly & rafusit to mak Juramentum calumpnie as said is the Juge forsaid tuk the depositionis of the said wittnes wpone the probatioune of the said spoil+ge be the quhilkis it was clerlye preuit that the personis forsaid hed wranguisly but ony Just title of rycht Spol+geit fra the said James scot factour & fermourar to the said maister allexander the said fruttis of the kyrk of desert & hed taking wp the sammyne sene the feist of lammes last bipast & tharfor decernit & decretit the said spol+ge to be restorit samekle as the said James cane

lauchfulie preue or the awail tharof & that the said lady Johne Sinclar dauid mailuile Johne ynglis williame kerke robert clerk thomas murray & Ilkane of thaim had incurrit the panis of law & [{wer{] in amerciamentis of courte tharfor & gert gyf dome of court tharupone eftir the forme of law And decernit preceptis to be direct to entir the said James as factour & fermorar forsaid to the fruttis of the said kyrk & to kep & defend hyme tharin according to our Souerane lordis lettres direct tharupone The quhilk day James logane schiref of lauthiane one Ane parte And Andrew Wardlau the Spous of Isobell broune for hyme self & for the said Isobell his spous & caucionare for hir that scho sall hald ferme & stable quhat he dois in hir name one that wthir parte Tueching the difference betuix thame of the landis of colcarny & otterstoune contenit in ane summoundis tharupone comperand in Jugement ar finaly concordit that the cornes being wpone the ground of the said landis be wonnyn wpone the expensis of the party be williame spittale of luchald williame wardlaw schir williame blaikwod and henry sibbald or ony of thame and to Remane wpone the ground wndisponit in the handis of the wynnar foirsaid quhil the decisioune of the pley / furthcumand to the party havand Richt tharto but preiudice of ony of thar Richtis And in the mentyme the actioune Is be the schireffis continu[{i{]t to the nixt hed courte with consent of party in hope of concord but preiudice of ony of thame And the parteis to cum befor my lord of the Ilis & my lord priour of Sanctandrois the xij day of the saide Moneth for concord of the said mater & the parteis warnit hereof (\apud acta\) And the said Andreuis catale to Remane stil wpone the ground to the decisioune of the pley but preiudice of party And gif It be thoucht mare expedient be ony of the partiis that thai or ony of thame furnis the costis & expensis wpone the wyning of the said cornes & to [{be{] alouit & Recompensit be the party optenand

The quhilk day the lard of lewthin producit & schew in Jugement ane chartir of lyfe Rent of the landis of otterstoune maid be williame broune off Collstoune to his soune williame broune the quhilk chartir James logane askyt & Requirit at the schiref foirsaid of his office to mak be Registerit in the court buke of the said schirefdome And that he mycht have the copy of the said chartir actentikly wnder the Sele of office wpone his expensis / for his Releife because he had & producit In Jugement Ane assedacione of the said landis of otterstoune of his tutour that had the life Rent of the samyn [^LATIN OMITTED.^]

The quhilk day the said Inquest seruit the brefe of Tutory of dauid bosuell the aire of auchinlek & fand master Johnne bosuell narrest agnete to hym with the laife of the poyntis of the brefe [} (\XXIJ=O= DECEMBRIS ANNO XV=TO=\) }] [^LATIN OMITTED^]

The quhilk day dauid kynnere of that Ilke become souerte to the said schireff for beatrice Sibbald the Spous of wmquhile Johnne forraete of that Ilke eftir the forme of our souerane lordis lettres thar producit in Jugement & soumes contenit tharintill And the saide beatrice band and oblist hir be the faith in hir body hir hand uphald to the said dauid to Releife warand & keip hyme scathles tharof in the sekerest forme of obligacioune his aris executouris & assignais [^LATIN OMITTED^]

The quhilk day the said assise & inquest chosin & suorne

at the command of the kingis lettres fand deliuerit & said that the landis of the quhilkis wmquhill robert Cunynghame fader to williame Cunnynghame of the west bernis berrar of the said lettres deit last westit & sasit as of fee ar now worth be +geir iij=c= merkis etc The quhilk day It was lachfully previt that alexander stirk the soune of alexander stirke duelland in Wchtirmukty Katrine & Isobel his sisteris & Katrine his douchtir had spol+geit wrangusly fra Jonet rankene the graith of hir pleuch that is to say Somys syderapis culter sok schone bridill +gokkis & bollis with diuers wthir houshald gere & cornes contenit in ane bill quhilkis the said Alexander stirk eldar had recept & withheld & tharfor was ordanit to restore the samyn within lachful day & dome gevyn tharupone & thai amerciit eftir the forme of law The quhilk day in the actioune & caus persewit be Thomas ballingall of the riggis aganis Jonet lithquo and James andersone alias fiddillar hir spous tueching the wranguis intrometting & occupacione of the half toft sted of the landis callit lithquois landis pertenyng to the said Thomas as wes allegiit like as is contenit in ane summondis tharupone the partiis comperand personaly the said Jonet & James allegiit that thai had the said half toft sted of Johne seitone of lauthresk and allegiit hyme warand to thame tharof and askit ane terme to produce thar said warand to the productione of the quhilk the Jugis assignit the penult day of aprile foirsaid and warnit the partiis tharof (\apud acta\) [^LATIN OMITTED^] The quhilk day It was fundin be the said assise that margrete forrate the Spous of wmquhile laurence dovery of caldhame suld hafe ane terce & thridparte of the saidis

landis of caldhame of the quhilkis hir said Spous deit westit & sesyt as of fe / & is befallyne the schadow cavill of the samyn in Jugement And preceptis decernit to beken hir & entir hir tharto eftir the forme of law & consuetude of the Realme [^LATIN OMITTED^] The quhilk day It was lauchfully preuit that Thomas flemyng & george flemyng brether Spoil+geit furth of Johnne lausounis +ghard in the neutone certane aitis extending to iij Rukkis at thar aune handis but officer or ordour

of law the parteis beand present & summound tharto of before [} (\PRIMO APRILIS ANNO XVJ=TO=\) }] [^LATIN OMITTED^]

The quhilk day Master dauid Seitoune persone of fethircarne in the Name of Johnne forete the Sone & aire of wmquhile Johnne foret of that Ilke producit & schew in Jugement Ane decrete of the lordis of counsale berand in effect that the baronis quhilkis seruit Williame beddisoune be Inqueist of v merkis of annuell of hal foret of before had errit in thar seruing of his brevis tharof Ignorantlye togidder with ane Instrument of schir Johnne ramsayis hand notar transsumit before the officer of sanctandrois The quhilk day charlis Ramsay of foxtoune foirspekar for [\blank in MS\] batisone and [\blank in MS\] batisone # sisteris & aris to the said wmquhile williame batisoune producit in

Jugement & schew ane grauatour of the officer of Sanctandrois Indorsit with the hand of schir Johnne ferrye chapellane curate of the parroch kirk of Couper quhilk contenit that wmquhile Eleizeus foret one his dedbed in his later mynd wil & hour tuke one his saule before witnes that he causit the letteris & evidentis pertenyng to the said wmquhile wil+game batisone to be abstract & absentit fra hym in defraude of hym & his aris & assignais anent the said v merkis of annuel of foret And that he gerte the said schir Johnne ramsay notar fen+ge ane fals instrument for the stopping of the samyn And askyt god mercy tharof with grite Repentance & besoucht the said curate to Reuele that in his name and ask forgevenes tharof at the party & deliuerit the letteris & evidentis before hym tharof / & als he schew the curatis Testimoniell of the samyn actentikly in Jugement The quhilk day Master Johnne Spens procuratour for Robert Arnote of wodmylne in his Name proponit & allegiit that the sisteris of Jhonne Rettray of the freland of lundoris mycht nocht be seruit nor enterit be breuis to the said landis because thar brothir the richtwis air tharof wes one lyfe And that the said Robert quhilk was possessour tharof & had Interes tharintil was wnder the kingis Respect grauntit to the bischope of galloway The quhilk day the actioune & cause being depending wnder continuacione betuix Johnne Seitoune of lathreiske & Jonet linlithquo & James fedillar hir spous was with consent of party continuit to the xxvij day of maii nixt to cum as of before wnder hope of concord & the partiis warnit tharof (\apud acta\) The quhilk day the actioune & cause Mouete be Jonet balfour the Spous off wmquhile dauid allerdes of Scathowy aganis Johnne Allerdes his sone & Johnne Multrar of seifeld was wnder hoipe of concord with consent of party be williame lindesay hir procuratour & schir williame Scott

procuratour for thame & cauciounare to the schireff that thai suld hald ferme & stable quhat he did in the actione continu[{i{]t to the xxvij day of Maii foirsaid & the said # schir williame Scot souerte for thar enteres the said day [} (\PENULTIMO APRILIS RESCRIPTO\) }] The quhilk day It is appoyntit & acordit in Jugement betuix Thomas lumisden of Condolane one ane parte & Jonet baluard the Spous of wmquhile Robert arnote of Wodmylne one that wthir parte tueching the sustentacione of margrete lumisden the douchtir of wmquhile James lumisden feare of the condolane as folouis that Is to say that the said thomas sal content & pay to hir for the sustentacione of the saide margarete the soume of tuenty l~i for termes bipast before the daite of this act tharof x l~i at lammes nixt hereeftir folouing & the uthir x l~i at martinmes nixt thareftir And termely five l~i at Ilke terme of witsunday & martinmes eftir the daite of this act to the hame cuming of the bischope of gallovay furth of Ingland And herapone the Juge has decernit preceptis to be direct to poynd & distren+ge herfor gife neid be eftir the forme of law The quhilk day James Scott of disert producit ane summondis dewly execute & Indorsyt wpone margrete lady sinclare & certane wtheris hir complicis contenit tharintil & Requirit the schireff to ger call & put the samyn to executione And thane comperit [\blank in MS\] Ane seruand of the said ladyis & producit our Souerane lordis Respect gevin to the said lady And thane the said James protestit that sene he had done exact diligence to persew his actione & was be parciale menis deferrit fra Justice & had maid grete cost & expensis tharone that the dilacione of tyme suld turne hyme to na preiudice & for remede of law tyme and place oportune & for his costis & scathis sustenit tharthrow

The quhilk day the actioune & cause being movit betuix Thomas ballingall of the Riggis & Johnne Seitoune of lothreisk contenit in the summondis tharupone Is with consent of party continu[{i{]t in all effect & forme as It now Is to the xxvij day of Maii nixt to cum in hope of concord & the party warnit tharof (\apud acta\) The quhilk day Dauid steuarte of rossith Thomas berclay of the Rynd & [\blank in MS\] procuratour for James skrimgeour constable of Dunde one ane parte & Williame bruce of Erlishall Jonet steuarte his moder & Williame lindesay procuratour for dauid Ramsay of culuthie one that wthir parte tueching the debatable clame of the mire & commone betuix thame contenit in our souerane lordis lettres direct tharupone consentit in Jugement that the catale of thar tennentis had use & pasturing in the said debatable myre & commoune siclik as thai had of before the diuisioune maid tharof to the decisioune of the pley being Rasit & movete tharupone but preiudice of ony of thar Richtis [^LATIN OMITTED^]

The quhilk day George strang of balcasky producit our Souerane lordis lettres togidder with ane precepte of summondis dewly execute & Indorsit quhilk chargeit the schireff of fiff & his deputis to call the said george Johnne Multrar of seyfeld & Master george Striuiling of brakye porcionar lardis of balcaskye one ane parte & Johnne oliphant of kelle kny=t= one that wthir parte before thame & tak cognitione quhat possessioune the saidis george strang Johnne multrar & master george has bene in of the parte of [{the{] landis telit saune & laubourit be the said Johnne oliphant of kelle kny=t= & his seruandis wpone the quhilkis thai complenit in tymes bigane & gife thai fynd thame in lachful possessioune tharof to keip suple & defend thame tharin [{in{] siclike possessioune ay & quhil thai be # lauchfully callit & ordourly put tharfra lik as the saidis lettres proportis be wertu of the quhilkis lettres the Juge gert call the personis aboune writtine chosin wpone inquest & gert thame be suorne in presens of the partiis and admittit be thame quhilkis Removet [{furth{] of court & be diligent avisment agane enterit fand & deliuerit that the saidis Ge[{o{]rge Johnne & Master ge[{o{]rge war in lachfull # possessioune of commounte of the saidis landis peceablie in tymes bigane [^LATIN OMITTED^]

The quhilk day the actione & cause movet & depending betuix Johnne Seitoune of lothreiske & Thomas ballingall as is contenit in the act precedent the penult day of aprile Is with consent of party continu[{i{]t to the penulte day of Julii nixt tocum as of before & the Remanent contenit in the precepte The quhilk day the actione & cause being depending betuix Thomas ballingall & James fedillar Is with consent of party as of before continu[{i{]t to the said penult day of Julii tueching his warandice [^LATIN OMITTED.^]

The quhilk day It was preuit in Jugement be george dischingtoune of ardros Johne claphene of claslogy dauid balfour of caraldstone & wtheris baronis & frehaldaris being chosin and suorne of befoir apone ane assise betuix Alexander auchmouty of that Ilke & [\blank in MS\] nicholsone his tenent tueching the debait of ane wakker scheris that the said Alexander did na wrang in the poynding and distrin+geing of the said [\blank in MS\] nycholsone tenent of his ground for the birun malis & dewiteis aucht to hyme of the samyn [^LATIN OMITTED^] The quhilk day the actione & cause movet & depending betuix Johne Seitone of lauthrisk and Thomas ballingall of the riggis as is contenit in the act precedent Is with consent of party continuit to [{the{] xix day of august nixt to cum as of befoir The quhilk day the actioune & cause being depending betuix Thomas ballingall & James fedillar is with consent of party as of befoir continuit to the said xix day of August foirsaid tueching his warandice

The quhilk day Johnne dauidsone protestit that he suld nocht be compellit to ansuere at the instance of [{mariory pousta{] eftirwert because he wes summond at his [{hir{] instance to the said day & nocht callit nore persewit to the tyme he had his expenssis as efferit The quhilk day the actioune and cause being movet betuix Thomas hay of sandfurd & Alexander Narne Is continuit be the schireff foirsaid of his office for waikness of Court to the xix day of August nixt tocum as of befoir The quhilk day the actione & cause being depending betuix williame setone of ramgally & Alexander wemis is with consent of party as of befoir continuit to the xix day of august nicht to cum The quhilk day the act[{i{]one & cause being betuix walter herriot of burnturk & george erth like as is contenit in bayth thar preceptis tharupone Is with consent of thame baith continuit to the xix day of August forsaid The quhilk day Al actionis being depending wnder # continuacioune or summondis to this court ar be the schiref deputis foirsaid for debilite of courte of thar officis # continuit to the xix day of august nixt tocum as thai now ar but preiudice of party & warning maid publict tharapone at the tolboith stare as the Maner is The quhilk day In the actioune & cause being movet & depending betuix James logane schiref depute of Edinburgh one Ane parte & Elizabeth broune & Andrew wardlaw hir spous one that wthir parte the partiis foirsaid comperand personaly The said Andrew wardlaw producit & schew my lord gouernouris writtingis subscriuit with his hand At the command of the quhilk the deputis foirsaid continuit the hale actionis & summoundis betuix thame to the xix day of august nixt to cum / & gert summound the witnes in Jugement producit be the said James to the said

day & warnit the partiis tharof (\apud acta\) as of before & to the samyn effect The quhilk day the actioune & cause perseuit be dauid balfour of lalethine & the personis contenit in ane precepte of summoundis aganis Jonete Ramsay the Spous of wmquhile george balfour of lalethine as at mare lenth Is contenit in the said precepte & hir barnis Is with consent of party continu[{i{]t to the xix day of August nixt tocum in forme & effect as It now [{is{] but preiudice of party And the partiis warnit tharof (\apud acta\) with thar witnes summound tharto The quhilk day the actioune & cause perseuit be Jonete Ramsay the Spous of wmquhile george balfour contenit in ane precepte of summondis maid & direct tharupone aganis dauid balfour of Lalethine & his collegis contenit in the said precepte Is with consent of party continu[{i{]t to the said xix day of August in forme & effect as It now is but preiudice of party & thai warnit tharof (\apud acta\) with thar witnes The quhilk day James logane schiref deput of Edinburgh Requirit the said schiref deputis of thar office to proceid & minister Justice in the actioune betuix hyme & androw wardlau & Elizabeth broune his spous eftir the forme & tenour of the Kingis lettres producit be hyme & protestit that the dilay tharof or quhat war done in his contrare & preiudice suld turne hyme to na scath nor preiudice & for the preuileige & Remede of law tyme & place neidfull & askyt the deposicionis of his witnes to be publist eftir the forme of law as that day that wes assignit tharto The quhilk day Johnne dauidsone in carale ofttymes callit & comperit nocht was in amerciament of court as he that was lachfully summound to ansuere at the Instance of mariory pousta be eduard colyne mare & dome gevyn tharupone The quhilk day Alexander schethome of Caskelpy personaly in Jugement comperand offerrit hyme Reddy to

ansuere at the Instance of Jonete forestar as he that was tharto summound of before & because thar was nane to persew hyme protestit for his expenssis or he ansueryt agane at hir Instance [^LATIN OMITTED^] The quhilk day the actioune & cause perseuit be Johnne lausone aganis Andrew lausone his brothir in presens of baith the partiis wes be the schiref depute foirsaid of his office for debilite of court continuit in forme & effect as it now is to the xix day of august foirsaid but preiudice of party And the partiis & the witnes warnit tharof (\apud acta\) The quhilk day Johnne forret duelland at the Milne of forreat wes oft tymes callit & comperit nocht as he that was lachfully summound be Eduard Colyne mare tharto at the Instance of Thomas berclay of the Rynd was adiugeit in amerciament of courte and dome gevyn tharupone And ordanit to be warnit to the nixt court to here the productione of certane witnes to be producit tharto be the said thomas with intimacione tharupone as efferyt The quhilk day Johnne Seitoune of lothreisk comperit personaly alegeand that the actioune betuix hyme & Thomas ballingall of the Riggis wes continu[{i{]t to the said xij day of august And because he wes nocht perseuit protestit that he war nocht compellit to ansuere but new summoundis & for the priuilege of law & his expenssis as efferyt [^LATIN OMITTED.^]

The quhilk day in the actioune & cause of distrowbillance & bloidewyte perseuit be Johnne huntare aganis Johnne harpare duelland At the mylne of orkye was Replegiate be Johnne Seitoune baroune of lothreisk to his courte of the said baronye and lattyne to borgh to hyme because he schew his Infeftment tharof with priuileige of bloidwittis And that the milne of orky lay within the said baronye and was ane pendicle of the samyn The quhilk day the actionis & causis movete betuix dauid balfour of lalethine & Jonete Ramsay thar with thar collegis & complicis Ilkane aganis wtheris ar be suplicacione of my lord Archibischop of Sanctandrois etc continu[{i{]t in all effect & forme as thai now ar but # preiudice of party in hoipe of concord to the xvj day of october nixt tocum And dauid berclay of Culerny caucione to the schiref in Jugement for the enteres of the said Jonete & hir party & dauid balfour for hyme & his party [} (\XIX AUGUSTI ANNO XVJ=TO=\) }] The quhilk day Johnne lothreisk the soune & aire of wmquhile Alexander lothreiske of orkye protestit in Jugement that albeit that the schiref foirsaid had lattine the actione of distroublance & bloidwyt foirsaid to borgh to Johnne Seitoune of lothreisk as baroune of the samyne

that the said Replegiacioune tharof suld turne hyme his aris nore heretaige to na preiudice & for the priuilege of law The quhilk day in the actioune & cause perseuit be Andrew Sibbald burges of disert aganis Johnne lauthreisk baillie of the said burgh... The quhilk day Johnne forret grauntit in Jugement that he keist nocht the turffis be na title of richt of forret wpone the quhilk the said thomas complenit bot of tollerance of the said Thomas The quhilk day the actioune & cause movet betuix williame seitoune of ramgally one ane parte & Alexander wemis & Ewe butlere his Spous one that wthir parte contenit in ane summoundis tharupone Is with consent of party continu[{i{]t as of before to the hede schiref court nixt eftir michalmes but preiudice of party wnder hoipe of concord & the partiis warnit tharof (\Apud acta\) The quhilk day the bloidwite of Strethore Is continu[{i{]t be the schiref of his office to the said hede courte The quhilk day the actionis & causis movete betuix Thomas ballingall of the Riggis & James fedillar & his spous aganis Johnne Seitoune of lothreisk as Is contenit in the actis of court tharapone of before Is with consent of party continu[{i{]t to the hede court nixt eftir michalmes but preiudice of party & the partiis warnit tharof (\apud acta\) The quhilk day the actione betuix the lady wemis & Thomas levingstoune & the parteis contenit in the preceptis tueching the landis of glasmont is with consent of party continuit to the hed court nixt eftir michalmes & the partiis warnit tharof (\apud acta\) [^LATIN OMITTED^]

The quhilk day agnes lessaellis the Spous of wmquhile Johnne garding of wodhavin was be Inqueist of courte of the quhilkis the Names here eftir folouis seruit of the terce & thridparte of the half landis of wodhavyne with

thar pertinentis liand in the schirefdome of fiff of the quhilk the said wmquhile Johnne hir Spous deit westit & sesyt as of fee with the soune cavil of the samyn in Jugement [^LATIN OMITTED^] The quhilk day Johnne multrare of Seifeild proponit ane excepcione in the actioune movet be Jonete balfour the spous of Thomas baird burges of Edinburgh & the said Thomas aganis the said Johnne & Johnne allerdes of scathovye to quhame he was curatour sayand & allegeand that the said Johnne nore he suld nocht ansuere at thar instance in the cause because thai war nocht summound as he allegiit & askit the interlocutour of courte tharupone quhilk excepcione was fundin of nane avale & the summoundis appreuit lachfully done & intimacione maide personaly to the saidis Johnne multrare & Johnne allerdes [^LATIN OMITTED^]

The quhilk day Johnne multrare foirsaid protestit that he suld nocht be compellit to ansuere at the Instance of the said Jonete & thomas wpone the summondis consauit aganis hyme quhil Restitucione war maid of the evidentis gudis & othir clames contenit in the decrete gevin betuix thame be the lordis of Counsale thar publist [} (\ULTIMO SEPTEMBRIS ANNO XVJ=TO=\) }] The quhilk day Jonete balfour the Spous of wmquhile Dauid Allardes of scathovy & Thomas baird burges of Edinburgh hir Spous moderne one ane parte & Johnne Multrare of Seifeld curatour to Johnne allerdes of scathovy one that wthir parte comperit personaly as thai that war lachfully summond tharto of before And the said Johnne allerdes summond alsua with intimacione personall comperit nocht as wes lauchfully preuit the schiref foirsaid gert Reid the kingis lettres being thar producit be the said Jonete And with consent of party tuke the said Jonetis deposicione wpone the gudis & evidentis contenit in the decrete of the lordis of counsale of the quhilk mensioune was maid in the saidis lettres quhilk be hir grite aith deponit that scho hed fulfillit the said decrete in safer as scho wnderstude concernit hir to do And quhat that wes nocht fulfillit scho suld fulfil & deliuer to the Juge at the nixt court the penult day of october nixt

tocum al evidentis & gudis wndeliuerit safer as scho wist of had or mycht get / And the said Johnne multrare allegiit that the decrete was fulfillit for the partis of hyme & the said Johnne allerdes and offerrit hyme to prefe the samyn To the quhilk the Juge assignit to baith the partiis the said penult day of October in the hour of cause with baith thar consentis & decernit preceptis to be direct to summound thar probacionis tharto And in the mentyme the Juge with consent of party has tane the deposicionis of the witnes producit be the said Jonete & ordanit the samyn to be closit to the said day And gert summond the said partiis in Jugement (\apud acta\) to produce agane the said day sic evidentis & probacionis as thai wil wse baith to tyne & vyne & to here the said lettres be put to dew executione as efferis but forthir dilay & the said probacionis Resauit & admittit as effeiris The quhilk day the Actioune & cause perseuit aganis margarete levingstoune the douchtir & aire of wmquhile Robert levingstoune of wemis kny=t= & dame Jonete betoune his spous be thomas levingstoune Is with consent of the said Thomas / & master James symsone persone of kirkforthir procuratour to the saidis dame Jonete & margrete continu[{i{]t in all effect and forme as It now Is wnder hoipe of concord continu[{i{]t to the saide penult day of October / & in the mentyme be the extencione of thar handis has referrit the actione to mast Reuerend faderis in crist the Archibischoppis of Sanctandrois & glashgew The quhilk day Roberte leslie prelocutor for margrete leslie tennent of the landis of glasmonth producit ane letter of tak of the saide landis for hir title tharof And allegiit the [\blank in MS\] to warand of the samyn to the productione of the quhilk warand the Juge assignit the said penult day of october [^LATIN OMITTED.^]

The quhilk day In the actioune & cause Movete betuix dauid balfour of lalethine & marioune his Spous one ane parte & Jonete Ramsay the Relict of wmquhile george balfour Andrew balfour hir sone margarete Jonete & cristiane his sisteris & Johnne thar brother bastard one that wthir parte tueching the distroubillance & bloidwite allegeit Ilkane done til wtheris as is at mare lenth contenit in Ane summoundis tharupone & continuacioune of the samyn maid of before The schiref deput foirsaide gert call the saidis partiis eftir the forme of the foirsaid # continuacione maid tharupone of before And the saidis dauid balfoure & marioune his Spous comperit personaly and offerrit thame to wnderly the knaulaige of the said assise upone the said actione And the said depute gert call dauid berclay of Culerny to Intir the saide Jonete and hir barnys as he that become souerte to the schireff principale of before for thare Intraes to the said Courte quhilk comperit nocht he being oft tymes callyt And thane the saidis Dauid & marioune his Spous being accusit in Jugement of the said distroubillance & bloidwyte / denyit the samyn & tuke thame to the knawlaige & deliuerance of the said assise quhilkis suorne passit [{furth{] of courte & Riplie and weile avisit reinterit & deliuerit be the mouth of the saide williame cokburne that the saidis dauid & marioune his Spous war qwytt chargeles & fre of the said distroubilance bloid drauing & of the witte of the samyn [^LATIN OMITTED^] The quhilk day george dischingtoune of Ardros become

caucione & souerte to the schireff for Annabell abircrumby the relict of wmquhile george dudingstoune eftir the forme & tenour of our Souerane lordis lettres for the poyntis contenit in the samyn The quhilk day the actioune & cause movete be Annabell abircrumby foirsaid aganis Jonete Stewarte the relict of wmquhile Stevine dudingstoune of Sandefurd Is with consent of party continu[{i{]t to the ix day of december wnder hope of concord & the partiis warnit be thame self & thar procuratouris (\apud acta\) Reseruand al excepcionis to thame tyme & place oportune The quhilk day the actioune & cause movete be Elizabeith wemys Aganis the Countis of Rothaes as Is contenit in the precepte of summoundis tharupone Is with consent of the said Elizabeth one ane parte & Master dauid Spens persone of flisk & schir henry balfour chapellane procuratouris for the said Countis with sufficient pouer present Red & admittit in Jugement one that wthir parte continuit to the ix day of December nixt tocum wnder hope of concord but preiudice of party And all the continuacionis maid tharupone of before Ratifiit & appreuit be the said procuratouris The quhilk day the actioune & cause being depending betuix Thomas ballingall of the Riggis & James fedillar & [\Jonet Lithquo\] his spous is with consent of party continu[{i{]t to the hede courte nixt eftir +gowile but # preiudice of party and the partiis warnit tharof (\apud acta\) [^REGISTER OF THE MINISTER ELDERS AND DEACONS OF THE CHRISTIAN CONGREGATION OF ST. ANDREWS, 1559-1600. VOL I (1559-1582). ED. DAVID HAY FLEMING. SCOTTISH HISTORY SOCIETY. EDINBURGH 1889. SAMPLE 1: I, PP. 18.21-27.22 SAMPLE 2: I, PP. 59.5-60.15 SAMPLE 3: I, PP. 104.12-111.24^]

[}FOLLOWIS THE PROCES BETUIXT WILLIAME RANTOUN AND ELIZABETH GEDDY HIS SPOWS, IN THE QUHILK WILLIAME PERSEWES ELIZABETH OF DIVORCE FOR, BE HIM AGAINST HIR ALLEGEAT, ADULTERY AS THE PROCESS CONTEYNES, &C.}] [}ABONE PAROCHE KIRK DUR.}] (\Primo Februarii\) , 1559. The quhilk day, Williame Rantoun gaif in ane petitioun of divorce against Elizabeth Gedde. The minister and eldaris sett to ansuer therto this day fyvetene daiis, and ordeinet the said Elizabeth to be warnet therto, agane the said day. (\Decimo quinto Februarii, 1559, loco predicto.\) In the # caus of divorce betuix Williame Rantoun and Elizabeth Gedde, in the

terme statut to ansuer to the said Williames petitioun, # compered Elizabeth, and gaif ane answer conteynand in effect that sche purgeit hir, and deniit his clame and petitioun. And the ministeris and eldaris has statute Williame to prieve his # clame, and bring his witnes, and he and Elizabeth warned therto, the twenty ane day of this instant moneth of Februar. [}FOLLOWIS THE TENNOUR OF WILLIAME RANTONES CLAME, AND ELIZABETH GEDDEIS ANSUER THERTO.}] Unto your m. faithfull minister and eldaris of this cietie # of Sanctandrois, and your assessouris, humelie menes and schawes Williame Ranto[{un{] , citiner of the said cietie, that quhare, # at the plesour of God, I, the said Williame, mariet and tuke to wyfe Elizabeth Gedde, in the moneth of September, in the yeir of God, &c. xlviii yeris, and, conforme to the samyn band, did my devour and dewtie to triet and intertiney hir, according baith to Goddis law and manness, untill the tyme that, incontrare Goddis law and the sai[{d{] band, the said Elizabeth, nocht # onlie defowlyiet my bed in the abhominabill sy[{n{] of adultery, with Andro Olyphant and uthiris diverss, in the moneth of # Novem[{ber{] , the yeir of God, &c. fifty sevin yeiris, bott alswa therefter, proceding to forthir malice and abhominatioun, hes conspiret cruellie and ungodlie my dead, murder, and destructioun, with parttaikaris and complices of adultery. Beseikand your m. ansuer heirintill, to tak cognitioun in the said mater, for # setting fordwart of Goddis Word and law, the premissis, sa far as neid beis, beand sufficientlie provin, to decerne the said Elizabeth to haif brokin and violatet the said band of matrimony betuix me and hir, and, conforme to the law of God, that I therfore aucht and suld be fre fra the samyn band, and that I may haif fredome and libertie in God to mary in the Lord quhome I please, according to Goddis law Christes Evangell and the richtuousnes therof, and yo[{ur{] m. ansuer humelie I beseik # &c. [}FOLLOWIS THE TENNOUR OF ELIZABETH GEDDIES ANSUER.}] Ye are nocht ignorant (maist honorabill ministre and # counsale of this cietie) of the contryvet accusationes, presentate to

your wisedomes in wryte, be my husband Williame Rantoun, be the quhilkis he alleages that, till I had plaiit the harlot, # he entrietet me accordinglie. He proceades specifieng the yeir and moneth, yea and names ane amanges mony uthiris, with quhome he alleages I defyled his bed; and, nocht content to have farcet his letter with thir maist manifest lies, he # continewes accusing me to haif conspyret his dead. I pray your wisedomes maist honorabill ministre and counsale (according to his desyre) to tak cognitioun in the mater, and gif his # accusationess be provin of trewth, be famose and honest men, then I pray your wysdomes, nocht onlie to condescend to the # divorcement (quhilk he maist earnestlie wisches), bot also mak me suffer sick punischement as his oppin and manifest adulter[{y{] hes deserved, and daylie dois deserve. To oppin the mater to your wisedomes, he wald that I suld justlie purches that thing quhilk he wranguiselie procures; bott, I am nocht deliberate # to do swa, althocht the greatnes of his offenss, first to God and # to his Kirk, secundarlie towards me, dois merite no less. To importune your wysdomes with langar wryting wer superfluos, therfore referring the haill mater to the tryall, and to your discretiones, I pray the aeternall God to mak yow the # instrument of ane mutuall lufe betuix my husband and me. Your wisedomes maist humil and obedient oratrice, Elizabeth Gedde, &c. (\Ultimo Februarii\) , 1959. In the causs of divorce betuix Williame Rantoun and Elizabeth Gedde, as ane terme to Williame to prief his clame, the causs being suscitate at the actes in presence of parties, to preif, as said is, the # actioun be Williame: in the quhilk terme compered Williame, and produceit Thomas Myretoun, Bege Grahame, Alexander Rudeman, Andro Symsone, Robert Craig; and [{produceit{] Jonet Watsone subornate and seducet be Williame, and the[{n{] repellet - be

hir awin confessioun maid be hir in Williames presence - be the judges. And the judges decernes Margaret Moncur, in A[{n{]struthir, Agnes Lessellis, in Fawkland, and Margaret # Steyn, in the Erlisferry, to be summond, and Andro Baxtar, against this day fyvetene daiis; and decernes letters of summondis, at the instance of the [{said{] Williame, in presence of # Elizabeth, warnet bayth to that day. [}FOLLOWES THE DEPOSITONESS OF WITNES, PRODUCED THE DAY FORSAID, EXAMINATE IN SANCTLEONARDES SCOOLE.}] Thomas Myretoun, cietiner of Sanctandrois, baxtar, # examinate in the causs forsaid, upoun the pointtis of Williames libellate bill, the deponar beand admittet, sworne, and ressavit, be his grat aith sworne, depones that he knawis nathing in the causs of adultery, nor of the crymes conteynet in the clame, except that in December twa yeir[{is{] bypast, or therby, the deponar remembyris in the said Williames awin howss, quhare James Rutherfurde dwelles instantlie, that he and his wyfe wes # wrasland togiddir, and in the meyntyme that sche bait him in the arme, quhilk he belevis wes nocht of malice, Margaret Lawsone beand present in the chalmer, (\plus nescit\) , (^etc^) . Andro Symsone dwelling in the Sowthgait, be west the kirk, ane maltman, examinate upoun his aith, depones that he knawis nathing in the mater or caus, except that he seis Alexander Rudeman haunt to the hows of Elizabeth Gedde, eatand, drinkand, and quhiles sowpand, (\plus nescit\) , (^etc^) . Robert Craig, dwelling nixt nichtbour to Elizabeth Gedde, knawis na thing of the crymes conteynet in the bill. &c. Margaret (^alias^) Bege Grahame, examinate betuix Williame Ranto[{un{] and his wife, knawis nathing, except sche saw Andro Olyph[{ant{] cast his cloyk abowte Elizabeth Gedde, and kis # hir, upoun [{hir{] awin stayr, dwelland than quhare James # Rutherfurde [{dwelles{] , and that thre yeris bigane, or therby: sche knawis na fo[{rther{] of the crymes conteynet in the bill, &c. Alexander Rudeman (\conformis est Roberto Craig # i[{n omnibus{] .\)

(\Decimo quarto Marcii\) , 1559. In the actioun and causs # [{of divorce moved{] be Williame Rantoun against Elizabeth Gedde, as [{ane term to{] Williame assignet, for forther probatioun # of h[{is clame and to mak{] diligence for Margaret Moncur, in Anstruthir, A[{gnes Lessellis, in{] Fawkland, and Margaret # Steyn, in Erlisfe[{rry: in quhilk terme{] Williame produceit the # saidis Margaret S[{teyn, Agnes Lesselis,{] and Margaret Moncur, quhilk Margaret [{wes allegit be Elizabeth{] to be ane kynniswoman to William &c. The [{judges decernis Andro{] Baxtar to be ressavit on Setterday n[{ixtocum the xvj of Marche{] at twa efter none. Parties war[{neit to the said day.{] [}FOLLOWIS THE TENNO[{UR{] OF THE SUMMONDIS [{QUHAIRBY THE WITNES{] EXPRESSED IN THE ACT PRECEDENT WES SU[{MMOND.{] }] The ministre, eldaris, and diacons, of the Christiane # congregat[{ioun of the{] paroche of Sanctandrois, to all ministeris, eldaris, and diacons, of [{the Christiane{] congregatioun of # Anstruthir, and Fawkland, to quhais knawleages thir [{present{] litteris sall come, be grace, mercie, and peace fra God our Father, and the Lo[{rd{] Jesus Christe; requyreing yow, in the name of eternall God, and of his Soone, Jesus Christe our Lord, for mutuall societie and company to be nuriset amangst us, as becummis brethren, the membyris of Christes Body, as perchaunce it sal happin yow in the elyke caiss requyre us, for sercheing furth of the veritie, to the maynteynance of virtew, and extinguissing of vice, for avancement and upsetting of the kingdome and glorie of God, to quhome onlie be all prayse, honour, triumphe, and glorie for ever. So be it. That ye summond warne and charge Margaret Moncur, in Anstruthir, Agnes Lessellis, in Fawkland, Margaret Steyn, in Erlisferry, and Andro Baxtar, to compere before us, in the Scoole of Sanct Leonardis College, within the cietie of Sanctandrois, # the fourtene day of this instant moneth of Marche, at twa howris efter none, or therby, to beyr leill and suthfast, in ane # actioun and caus of divorce and partysing, moved before us be Williame Rantoun, cietiner of Sanctandrois, against Elizabeth Gedde, his spous, for suspitioun of adultery, as thei will answere to

God, upoun the dreadfull day of his last judgement, quhen the secreetes of all man and women salbe disclosed; certifiand # them, gif thei compeir nocht, the said day and place, we will use all compulsioun against them, quhilk the law of God permittis us, that is cursing and excommunicatioun of the congregatioun of Christe. And this ye do, as ye sall in lyke maner requyre us in tyme cuming, gif it sal happin yow to haif the elyke caus before yow, the quhilk to do we committ to yow our full power, conjunctlie and severalie, be thir our letteres, dewlie # execute and indorsate, delivering them agane to the beirar, gevin under the seill, quhilk we use in this and the lyke caussis, and the subscriptioun manuall of our scribe, at Sanctandrois the xj # day of Marche, 1559. Dauid Spens, ane of the diacons and scribe in the said caus, with my hand subscrivit. [}FOLLOWIS THE DEPOSITIONES OF THE SAID WITNES, EXAMINA[{T{] THE XIIIJ DAY OF MARCHE, 1559, IN THE COUNSALHOWSE AT THE AULD COLLEGE, &C., COMPERAND BE THE SUMMONDIS.}] Margaret Moncur, ane of the witnes ressavit in the causs, sum[{mond{] , sche beand speret quhat sche kend of Williame Rantownes wyfe, the deponar testifies that sche come to # Sanctandrois toun, four daiis before Sanctandrois day, ane yeir bigane at Sanctandrois day [{las{]t bypast, and sche beand ludged in Williame Rantownes, [{with{] hir sister, Besse Moncur, and Agnes Lessellis, than servand [{in Will{]iame Rantoun hows. Efter that sche wes in hir bed [{with her{] sister, sche raiss # efter nyne houris to hir eies, sche saw ane candell licht in the # chalmer that gangis throw the hall to the galla[{ry{] , to the baksyde, throw the lok of ane dur, sche lukeand in beheald and saw ane

young man, quhilk sche weynd haid beyne Williame Rantoun himself, and, becaus sche trowet it haid beyne the said # Williame, sche desyred nocht in to the chalmer, and this sche beheald # the space of ane half howr, be ane throwch lok, the key beand owt of the dur. And thei haid fische that nicht to there supper. The said man haid rede hoyse and ane dosk beyrd, lyke Maister Robert Ki[{n{]pontt, quhais beyrd sche lykenet the mannes beyrd unto, quhilk Mr. Robert ane of the senioris wes present at hir examinatioun. Sche affirmes it wes Andro Olyphant, and sche past to hir bed sa schoun as sche saw his hoiss drawen of; bot the uthir twa remaneit still the quarter of ane hour efter hir; and sche and hir marrowis rais at sex houres; and the gude wyfe wes up before them, and hir servand called Jonet. Sche knawis nathing of imaginatioun of his death. And thir thingis sche saw in Robert Lermonthtis ludgeing, on the north syde of the Sowth Gait off Sanctandrois; and there wes nane in the chalmer, bott the man and the gude-wyfe, and that sche drew of his hois, and therefter blew owt the candell, and sche knew nocht gif that Elizabeth past to the bed or nocht. &c. Agnes Lessellis, summond and sworne, sche confessis that sche hais borne ane bayrne in huyrdome to [{Wi{]lliame Cowpar, ane walcar dwelland in Edinburgh. Twa yeir bigane at # Sanctandrois day, sche lay in Williame Rantones howse, beand [{then in{] company with Margaret Moncur alanerlie, witnes forsaid, in [{the{] gallary, within ane ludgeing of Williames, at # Argailles port on the so[{uth{] syde of the gate. There is nocht ane hows betuix the gallary and the h[{owse{] , quhilk sche and Margaret Moncur lay in; and Margaret Moncur called upoun hir, and sche raiss, beand walked b[{e{] Margaret, and luket at the dur, beand sett up a char be Margaret Moncur; and thei luket bayth in at the dur at aneis; and sche saw ane [{man{] with ane payr of rede hoyse; and Margaret Moncur wes up befor[{e{] Agnes, and remanet efter hir at the dur; and the candell wes p[{ut{] owt or sche lay doun; the dur wes oppin; and sche and Margaret Moncur raiss upoun the morne at sevin or aucht

houris, and the gu[{de{]-wyfe raiss evin then. And sche knew nocht the man, nor yit kna[{wis{] him nocht; and sche saw nocht Elizabeth pass to the bed with the m[{an{] . Sche # remembyris nocht quhat thei had that nicht to ther suppe[{r{] . Sche knawis nocht the machinatioun of death be Elizabeth to Williame, and sche beleves Elizabeth to be ane hones[{t{] # woman, and never saw the contrar therof. Margaret Stevin, summond and sworne, purges hirself of subornaci[{oun{] , beand demandate of hir aith, sche knawis na thing of Elizabeth Gedd[{e{] , Williame Rantones wyfe, bot that sche is ane honest woman, a[{nd{] hais nocht pollutet his bed. Sche deniis that ever sche saw on[{y{] suspitioun betuix Andro Olyphant and Elizabeth, and sche hais seyne Andro Olyphant ly in William Rantones howse; bott never uthirwyse bot quhen William Rantoun wes at hayme: and sche knawis na uthir thing in this caus. [}XVJ (\MARCII\) }] Andro Baxtar, witnes, summond and sworne, in the causs of Williame Rantoun against Elizabeth Gedde, his spows, he knawis na thing to Williame Rantones wyfe, bott that sche is ane honest woman, and in spetiall betuix Andro Olyphant and hir, and he knawis never machinatioun of dead be hir to him.&c. (\Decimo sexto mensis Martii\) , 1559. In the causs of # divorce of Williame Rantoun against Elizabeth Gedde, as in the terme to produce Andro Baxtar, witnes in the said actioun, the said Andro beand produceit, and examinate as is abone conteynet in his depositioun, the minister and eldaris, judges, hais # statute to pronunce in the said causs, parties being warned to that effect, to Thurisday nixtocum &c. (\Vigesimo primo mensis Martii predicti\) , 1559. In the # actioun and causs off divorce, proponet be Williame Rantoun against Elizabeth Gedde, his spows, as in the terme statute be the minister and senioris to pronunce in the said causs, haiffand the assistence and counsall of Mr. Johne Dowglas, Rectour of the Universitie of Sanctandrois, and Johne Wynrame, Suppriour

of Sanctandrois, Mr. Williame Skene and Maister Johne Ruthirfurd, hais pronunceit ane sentence absolvatour for Elizabeth Gedde, to be put in forme, and t[{o{] be publicate in the pulpate upoun Sounday nixtocum, viz. xxiiij Marche, the seniouris beand present there to affirme the samyn. The # parties summond to heir and see the said sentence publicate. &c. [}THE SENTENCE IN FORME AS IT WES RED OPPINLIE BE JOHNE KNOX MINISTER IN PRESENCE OF THE CONGREGATIOUN, &C. &C. &C. &C.}] With incalling of the name of the everliving God, and of # his Sonne Jesus Christe, quhai beiris lele and anefauld witnessing to our consciences, we, the minister and seniouris of this our Christiane congregatioun within the parochin of Sanctandrois, judges in the actioun and causs moved and intented before us be Williame Rantoun, cietiner of this cietie and brother of # the said congregatioun, against Elizabeth Gedde, his spowss, for # the alleaget committing of adultery be his said spows with Andro Olyphant, and divers utheris (in generall saying), lyke as the petitioun be him before us produced mair at lenth beares in effect &c. : the said petitioun with ansuereing therto, # reasones, jures, allegationess, with testimonies and depositiones of # witnes, and all thinges concerning baith the saidis parties, in # presence of Mr. Johne Dowglass, Rectour of the Universitie of # Sanctandrois, Johne Wynrame, Suppriour, men of singular eruditioun and understanding in the Scriptures and Word of God, with Masteris Williame Skene and Johne Ruthirfurde, men of cuning in sindry sciences (with quhome we communicate[{d{] the # secretes of the meritis of the said actioun and caus), being be us and them hard, seene, consyderet, and ryplie understand: and # findand na causs, of their thinges produced before us, and be us consyderet and seene, as said is, quherfore the said Elizabeth suld be divorcet fra the said Williame; bot in tyme cuming, and fra thyne fur[{th{] , that sche suld be absolvet fra his # petitioun forsaid, and crymes therin layd to hir charge injustlie, and to be intertineyt and trietet be him in maner following: (we haiffand onlie God before our eies), be this our sentence

diffinityve, pronuncess, decerness, and declaress, the said # Elizabeth innocent of the crymes layd to hir charge, conteynet in the petitioun forsaid, and absolves hir therfra; and that the said Williame Rantoun sall maynteyne, triet, and intertiney, the said Elizabeth Gedde, his spows (quhome, nochwithstanding ony thing alleaget or produced be the said Williame before us against hir, we find to be ane honest woman), as becummis ane husband on all behalfis to triet his wyfe, in bed and buyrd and all uthir thinges, according to the law and commandment of God, be this our sentence diffinityve, publiclie heir red # and manifestate in the presence of God and yow heyr gathered and conveyned congregatioun, this Sounday the xxiiij day of the moneth of Marche, lykeas the samyn wes decerned and pronunced in the consistory, settand judges juditialie, upoun Thurisday the xxj day of the samyne moneth of Marche, 1559. Dauid Spens, ane of the diacons of the Christiane congregatioun of Sanctandrois, and scribe in the actioun and causs forsaid, with my hand subscrivit. (\Ultimo Marcii\) , 1560. Margaret Aidnam askit God and the congregatioun forgivenes of adultery committed be hir with Williame Rantoun, publiclie in the paroche kirk of this toun, Johne Knox beand at that tyme minister, &c.

[} (\SENTENTIA ELIZABETH GEDDE CONTRA VILLIAM RANTOUN.\) }] With incalling of the name Christe Jesus, Sone to the # eternall and everleving God, quhai is the way, the veritie, and the lyfe, quhome we, the minister and eldaris of this reformed kirk of Sanctandrois, takes to witnessing of our consciences, that we, takand cognition in the actioun and caus of divorcement or partysing, moved and intentated by Elizabeth Gedde against Williame Rantoun hir praetended husband, for the filthy and abhominable cryme and syne of adulterie committed be him with Margaret Aidnem; the parties petitioun, ansueringes, richtes, reasones, jures, and allegationes, with the # testimonies and depositiones of witnes, and all uther thinges concerning the said matere, before us produced in praesence of men of # great eruditioun, with quhome we communicated the secretes of the said caus and matter, and with us and them being heard, seyne, consydered, and rypelie understand; haiffand respect to the dilatioun gevin in to us before the moving of the causs, upoun the filthy cryme forsaid of adulterie committed be the saidis William and Margaret, and the said William, being called and therof accused and examinated upoun his aith, perjuradlie denyed the same, and nevertheles therefter the saidis Williame and Margaret oppinlie, singularlie, and lamentablie, in the faice of the congregatioun assembled within the paroche kirk of Sanctandrois, confessed the forsaid cryme of adulterie # betuix them committed; like as the said Williame also hes also # confessed the [{like{] in this caus judicialie before us; and sa be confessioun of partie and depositioun of famos witnes, we fynd the said William gyltie, and the said Elizabeth innocent, and justlie of the law of God aucht and suld be divorced and # (\simplicter\) partysed fra the said William hir praetended husband; and heirfore, be this our sentence diffinityve, pronounces, # decernes,

and declares, the said Williame and perjured adulterar, and # the said Elizabeth innocent divorced, and fre of the company and societie of the said Williame, with full power to hir according to the law of God to mary in the Lord; and the said Williame to be haldin and reputte ane dead man, worthy to want his lyfe be the law of God, quhen ever it sall pleas God to stirre up the heart of ane gude and godlie magistrate to execute the same with the civile sworde; to quhome we will that this our sentence prejudge nathing, bott committes the same to him, quhen it salbe thocht expedient and ganand tyme to tak forther triall and cognitioun heirintill, according to # the law of God forsaid: be this our sentence diffinityve, # subscryved with our handes, pronunced judicialie the thrid day of Januar, and publiced in the faice of the congregatioun the twelft of the samyn, 1560.

[} (\DIE VIIJ MENSIS OCTOBRIS, ANNO DOMINI 1561.\) }] The quhilk daye, comperis Johane Malwyll, minister of Cristis kyrk in Crayll, and, in presens of the Superintendent # and ministerie, producis ane summondis deulie execut and indorsat, tharin summond Begis Calwart, Robert Calwart, hyr brother, in Kyngisbernis, Wiliam Mortoun, of Cambo, Elizabath Arnot, spows of Wiliam Bowsie, in crayll, and the said Wiliam for his interes, to ansuer to the punctis of the saidis summondis respective. And thai called and nocht comperand to ansuer, nochtwythstanding that thai war anis of befoyr summond and nocht comperaind; and now in the secund summondis chergit to compeyr personalie, wyth deu intimacion gyf thai comperit nocht that the Superintendent wald proceid and resave probacione. According to the tenor of the quhilk summondis, the Superintendent, in payn of thar nocht comperance, admittis the punctis of the foyrsaid summondis to the probacione of the said Ihonie

Malwyll; quhai for probacione tharof producis Mr. Wiliam Meldrum, Niniane Hammyltoun, Mr. Alexander Mortoun, Jhone Brown, Robert Grab, Wiliam Crostrophyn, Dauid Grundestowin, Dauid Wyle, Wiliam Trayll, Wiliam Kaye, and Alexander Bell, quhilkis ar resavit, sworne, and to # examinacione admittit, and presentlie upon the punctis of the said summondis, of quhilk summondis the tenor followis. Maister Johane Wynram, Superintendent of [{Fyff{] , to my lovyttis, minister, readar of Crayll, or ony other being # required upon the execucion of thir presentis, greting, for sa mekyll # as it is humilie menit and schawyn to me, that quhar Begis Calwart, in the Kingisbernis, oppinlie injurit, diffamit, and sclanderit Janat Bowman, spows of William Crostrophyn, in Kingisbernis, in calling of the said Janat ane huyr, and at sche wes huyr to hyr awyn servand and hyir man: or sic lyik wordis in effect. For the quhilk injuris and sclander, sche wes dilated, accused, and convict, befoyr the minister and eldaris of # Crayll, present for the tym in thar assemble; and be thar deliverance ordened to have comperit in the publict assemble of the # congregacione of Crayll, upone ane certane Sunday in the moneth of August last bypast, and thar to have maid public satisfaccione to the partie and congregacione offendit. At quhilk daye comperit thar wyth hyr Robert Calwart, in Kyngisbarnis, and mayd plane contradiccione and interrupcione to the minister in the pulpot, saying thir wordis, or syclik in effect, as # followis:- Begis Calwart sall mak na amendiment to Janet Bowman, except that Janat ask hyr forgyfnes! Attowr, it is also menit and schawyn to me be Johane Malwyll, minister of Goddis Word in the said kyrk of Crayll, that, upon the foyrsaid Sunday, he, takand occasione be nonpayment of the stipend ordened to have beyn payed to the reader of the said kyrk furth of the frutis and vicaraige, persuaded and exhorted the auditor to ansuer the said reader, and pay to hym his stipend of the rediest in thar handis, to the support of his gret necessitie, rather than to ansuer sic as did nothing tharfor. And albeid

he maid his protestacion, that na man suld be offended therby, nevertheles, Wyliam Mortoun, of Cambo, oppinlie in the public essemble, manest, boistit and injurit the said minister in the pulpot, saying thir wordis following, or sicklyik in # effect: -My brother is and salbe vicar of Crayll quhen thow sal

thyg thy mayt, fals smayk; I sall pul ye owt of the pulpot be the luggis, and chais ye owt of this town! In lyik maner it # wes menit and schawyn to me, be the said minister, that upone ane Sunday in the moneth of Junii, in this instant year, he being in the public assemblie and kyrk of Crayll preachyng Goddis Word, and, as his text for the tym ministrat occasion, # applyand his doctrin to the fals bretheren of Papistis, wythowtyn ony just occasion of offence mayd be hym to ony person, Elizabeth Arnot, spows of William Bous[{ie{] , rays in the essemble and wyth hech voce said aganis hym thyr wordis, or sicklyik in # effect, following:- It is schame to yow that ar gentillmen that ye pull hym nocht owt of the pulpot be the luggis! Quhilkis foyrsaidis offencis, so grevoslie tending to the contempt of # God and his most holy Word and ministeris therof, expres aganis all law and gud ordor, being denunced to me; and I for my par[{t, and{] according to my vocacion and dewetie, direct my otheris letteres of befoyr upon the saidis personnis # committaris of the same, chergyn thame to have comperit befoyr me and the ministerie of Sanctandrois as principall town of my # residence, at certan day assignit to tha[{m{] , to ansuer to the # foyrsaidis; and to have hard and seyn tham decernit, be jugimient of the kyrk, to have falyeit gretumly, and to underly disciplin # therfor accordinglie. Quhilkis letteres, at day appoynted, being # reproduced befoyr me, deulie executed and indorsat, and the foyrsaidis personnis, oft tymmis called and nocht comperand, ar to be haldyn therby (\contumaces\) and nocht obedient. Heirfor I requir you and every ane of you, in the nam of the eternall God, taht ye laufullie summond, warn and cherge the saidis Begis Calwart, Rober[{t{] Calwart, Wyliam Mortoun, Elizabeth Arnot, and Wiliam Bowsy hyr spows for his interes, to compeyr befoyr me and the ministere of Sanctandrois, wythin the parrochie kyrk and consayll hows therof upone Wedinsdaye, the viij day of October instant, at twa howris efter nuyn, as

howr of caus; and ther to ansuer upon the offences foyrsaidis respective, and to se probacion deduced and takyn tharupon, and thame and every ane of thame respective decernit to underly disciplyn and correccion, according to the law of God and ordor of the kyrk establesched; and to mak sythment to the parteis offended: makand to tham be thir presentis intimacion that, quhidder thai compeir or nocht, we wyll procead in the saydis causis, as the Spirit of God sall inspyr us, and as we maye and awcht of the law of God. The quhilk to do we commit to you power in the Lord, be thir presentis, delivering the same be you deulie executed and indorsat agane to the berrer. Gevyn under the Superintendentis signet and # subscripsion, at Sanctandrois, the secund day of October, in the year of God ane thowsand, fyve hundreth, sexty ane yearis. [}FOLLOWIS THE DEPOSICIONIS OF THE WYTNES IN THIR FOYRSAYDIS CAUSIS.}] Maister Wyliam Meldrum, sone to the Lard of Newhall, summond, called, sworne, and examinated upon the poyntis of the summondis befoyr wryttyn. And fyrst, concerning the partis of Begis Calwart and Robert Calwart hyr brother, he confessis the sam as thai ar libellat. Secindlie, concerning the part of Wiliam Mortoun of Cambo, the deponar confessis the sam as it is libellat. And also confessis the part libellat aganis Elizabeth Arnot. Examinat upon his caws of knawledge, he ansueris that he wes present in the essemble of Crayll, tym # and place libellat, hard and saw as he hes deponit. Examinat upon the generall interrogatouris of the law, he purgis hym: and wald justice triumphit. Niniane Hammyltoun, familiar servand to the lard of Newhall, sworn, and examinat upon the poyntis of the foyrsayd libellat summondis, be his ayth deponis, and is conform to Mr. Wyliam Meldrum, wytnes preceadyng, in all thingis. Robert Grub, servand to the Lard of Newhall, examinat upon the foyrsaid libell and poyntis tharin contenit. The

fyrst concerning Caluartis he denyis. As to the secund, # concernyng Wiliam Mortoun of Cambo, he ansueris and deponis that [{he{] wes present in the essemble in Crayll, tym # libellat, hard Wiliam Mortoun saye to Ihon Malwyll minister, he being in the pulpot, that he suld tak hym owt of the pulpot be the luggis and chais hym owt of the towin. He knawis na mayr of the libell. Examinated upon the interrogatouris of law, he purgis hym; and wald justice triumphit. Maister Alexander Mortoun, eldest sone of Randerstoun, summond, called, sworne, and examinated upon the thre headis and poyntes of the sayd libellat summondis, deponis, and is conform to the fyrst twa wytnes in al thingis concernyng the accionis of Calwartis and Wyliam Mortoun of Cambo. (^Item^) , as concernyng the part of Elizabeth Arnot, he denyis it, and grantis that he wes in the kyrk tym libellat, and hard hyr cry wyth lowd voce; bot, he wes sa far distant fra hyr, he mycht nocht heyr the sentence of hyr word. Johane Brown, of layt called Schyr Ihon Brown, prebendar in Crayll, sworn and examinat &c., be his ayth deponis, and is conform to Mr. Wyliam Meldrum fyrst wytnes in all thingis. Wyliam Crostrophyn, of layt otherwayis called Schyr Wyliam, prebender in Crayll, sworn and examinat &c., is conform to Mr. Wyliam Meldrum fyrst wytnes in al thingis. Dauid Grundestown, wytnes, sworn and examinated &c., deponis and is conform to Mr. Alexander Mortoun concernyng twa headis. The thrid he denyis: he wes nocht present that # daye. Wyliam Trayll, wytnes, sworn and examinated &c., deponis

and is conform to Dauid Grundestoun wytnes preceading in al thingis. Dauid Wyle, servand to the Lade Balcome, wytnes, sworn and examinated &c., be his ayth deponis, and is conform to Mr. Wyliam Meldrum fyrst wytnes in all thingis. Wyliam Kaye, in Fawsyd, wytnes, sworn, and examinated be his ayth, deponis and confessis all the poyntis of the libellat summondis. Gevyn his caws of knawledge, that he wes present, hard and saw as is libellat. Alexander Bell, servand to the Lard of Pytmule, wytnes, sworn and examinated &c., be his ayth deponis, and is conform in all thingis wyth Wyliam Kaye, wytnes preceadyng. [} (\DIE XV=TO= OCTOBRIS, ANNO DOMINI M=O=V=C=LXJ.\) }] The quhilk daye, comperis Johan Malwyll, minister of Crayll, and producis ane summoindis of the Superintendentis deulie executed and indorsat, tharin laufullie summond to this daye, Begis Calwart, Robert Caluart, hyr brother, Wyliam Mortoun, of Cambo, Elizabeth Arnot, spows of Wyliam Bowsie, to heyr the sentence pronunced aganis tham respective, for the causes and thar offences specifyed in the libellat summondis # registrat in thir bukis the viij of October instant. And thai and every ane of tham called, lauful tym byddyn, and nane of tham # compirand, the Superintendent, rypplie and maturlie avysed wyth the sayd libellat summondis and headis tharin contenitt, the deposicionis of wytnes tharupon produced, and al otheris deduced in the sayd caws, fyndes all and hayll the poyntis of # the foyrsayd libellat summondis laufullie and sufficientlie provyn: and heirfor, wyth avys and consayll of the ministerie of # Sanctandrois, pronuncis and decernis and declaris the saidis Begis Calwart, Robert Caluart, and Wyliam Mortoun, of Cambo, and Elizabeth Arnot, and every ane of tham according to the gravite of thar dilacionis, to have grevoslie offendit aganis # the law of the eternall God, the establesched ordor of the Kyrk, and aganis the sayd Johan Maluyll minister, to the havy and grevows sclander of the Ewangell of Crist Jesus and his # religion, and evyll exempell to otheris: and heyrfor, tha sayd Begis

Calwart to compeir in the public essemble and kyrk of Crayll, upon Sunday, the xxvij of October instant, and thar mak the satisfaccion for the injurie and sclander be hyr don aganis # Janat Bowman, according to the chearge gevyn to hyr be the ministerie of Crayll; and also confes hyr offence in dissobeying the sayd chearge, and humyll hyrself upon hyr kneis, ask God mercy and the congregacione forgyfnes: and the said Robert Calwart to compeyr, day and place foyrsayd, and confes his offence, humyll hymself in the presens of God one his kneis, ask God mercy and the congregacione forgyfnes: and the sayd Wyliam Mortoun, of Cambo, to compeir day and place foyrsayd, and confes his foyrsayd offence in the presens of God and the congregacion, humyll hymself on his kneis, ask God mercy and the sayd Johan Malwyll in speciall and the holl # congregacion forgyfnes: and the said Elizabeth Arnot to compeyr daye and place foyrsayd, and confes hyr offence foyrsayd in the presens of God and his congregacion, humyll hyrself one hyr kneis, ask God mecy [\sic\] and the sayd Johan Malwyll in speciall and the holl congregacion forgyfnes: ilk person # foyrsayd under the payn of excommunicacion, quhilk pane to be put to execucion upon the disobeyaris, gyf ony sall attempt to disobey. Pronunced in presens of the sayd Ihon Malwyll, and in payn of nocht comperans of the saydis Begis, Robert, Wyliam, and Elizabeth, heyrto laufulle summond. [^CRIMINAL TRIALS IN SCOTLAND, 1488-1624. ED. ROBERT PITCAIRN. VOL. I, PART II. BANNATYNE CLUB. EDINBURGH 1833. SAMPLE 1: PP. 416.12-418.10 SAMPLE 2: PP. 493.1-502.12^] [^THE PAGE NUMBERS GIVEN HERE REFER TO THE PAGE NUMBERS MARKED WITH ASTERISK IN THE ORIGINAL EDITION.^]

[}ARCHIBALD EARL OF ERGYLE, JUSTICE GENERAL.}] [} [\RIOTING TO RESTORE THE POPISH RELIGION, & C.\] }] Dec. 24.- MAISTER WILLIAM BALFOUR, indweller in Leyth, found caution to appear on the last day of December, under the pain # of 1000 li., to underly the law for the crimes following:-(Dec.31.) CONVICTED # by an Assise 'off arte and parte of +te contrauenyng and breking of our # souerane ladeis Proclamatioun, maid in +te moneth of August last bypast, eftir hir hienes # arrivell within +tis realme; chargeing in effect, all and sindrie hir # legis, be opin Proclamatione, at +te mercate-croce of Ed=r= and v+teris places neidfull, that # +tai and euery ane of +tame suld contene +tame selffis in quietnes, keip peax # and ciuile societie amangis +tame selffis; and in +te meyntyme, quhill +te Estatis # of +tis hir Maiesteis realme mycht be assemblit, and +tat hir hienes had takin a # finale ordour be +tair avise and publict consent, +tat nane of +tame tak vpone # hand, privatlie nor opinlie, to mak ony Alteratione or innouatioune of +te state of # RELIGIONE, or attemp ony thing aganis +te forme quhilk hir Maiestie fand # publicklie and vniuersalie standing at hir Maiesteis arryving within +tis realme, vnder # +te pane of deid; with certificatione, +tat gyff ony subiect of +tis realme # suld cum in +te contrare

heirof, he suld be estemit and haldin ane Seditious persone, # and raser of Tumult, and +te said pane suld be execute aganis him with all # rigour, to +te exemple of v+teris; as +te said Proclamatione mair fullelie proportis;- # be committing of +te opin and manifest crymes and offenssis eftir specifeit, # +te tymis eftir mentionat, (^respectiue`^) , in maner following. In +te ffirst, In +te # moneth of Nouember last bypast, as ane Seditious persone and raser of Tumult, # contrair +te tennour of +te said Proclamatione, said opinlie and planelie in my lord of # Inuermethis Place of Reidcastell, that '+te RELIGIOUN now REFORMIT, and # ministratioun of +te Sacramentis according to Godis Word and institutioun, within # +tis realme, wer not of God, nor +git conforme to his Word; and +tairfore +te # samyn and +te Holy Communioun suld be vterlie abolissit within twa +geiris nixt # eftir +te dait of +te said Contract;' and +tairupone contractit and maid ane Wodset # with +te Lard of Wateris. ITEM, +te said Mr William CONVICT be +te said Assyise # as controuener of +te said Proclamatioun, be resone he acccumpanit with # certane wicked persones, sawaris of discord and raseris of Tumult, vpone sett purpois, # come to +te Parroche Kirk of Edinburgh callit SANCT GELIS KIRK, quhair Jhone Carnys # wes examinand +te commoun pepill of +tis burgh, befoir +te last Communioun # ministrat +tairin, according to +te ordour takin and appointit be +te # Minister, Elderis, and Deacones of +te said Kirk; and +te said Jhone, beand demanding # of ane pover woman, 'Gyff scho had ony hoip of saluatione be hir awin gud # werkis? +te said Maister William, in dispytefull maner, and with thrawin # continance [\ With twisted or distorted countenance \] having # na thing to do at +tat tyme in +te said Kirk bot to trubill +te # said Examinatioune, said to +te said Jhone +tir wordis, 'Thow demandis of +tat # womane +te thing quhilk +tow nor nane of thy opinioune allowis nor kepis!' And eftir # gentill admonitioun made be [{to{] him be +te said Jhone, he said to him alswa +tir # wordis, 'Thou arte ane verray knaif, and +ti doctrin is verray false, as all +gour # doctrin and teiching is!' And +tairwith lade his hand vpone his wapnes, and # provokand battell; doand +tairthrow, purpoislie, +tat wes in him to haif resit Tumult # amangis +te Inhabitantis of +tis burgh. ITEM, +te said Maister Willeam is CONVICT for # breking of +te said Proclamatione, insafar as he, vpone +te tent day of December, # in presens of ane grite multitude and nowmer of pepill within +te Tolbuyth of # Edinburghe, herand sum Gentilmen spekand of +te Lordis Supper was +tan to be # ministrat +te Sonday nixt eftir, in +te said Kirk, said +tir wordis, 'Is +tat +gour # Communioun? The Devill birst me quhen euir it cumis in my belly! And +te Devill # birst +tame in quhais belly it cumis, ffor it is ane verray Devill!' ITEM, +te # said Mr Willeam wes CONVICT be +te said Assyise of [{being{] ane Commoun and # manifest blasphemer

of God and his Haly Evangell; and for ane seditious persone and # ane commoun auctour +tairof. [} [\PROTESTATION BY AN ASSISOR EXEMPTED FROM PASSING ON # ASSISES.\] }] The quhilk day, the said (^Maister James Watsoune^) , # burgess of Edinburghe, being callit to pas vpone +TE ASSISE of +te said Mr Willeam Balfour, compeirit in # jugement befor +te said Justice, and allegit +tat he suld nocht be compellit to pas vpone +te said Assise, # be resoune he wes ane persoune priuilegit and exemit: And +tairfore protestit +tat albeit +te Justice # compellit him at +tis tyme to pass vpone +te said Mr Williames Assise, that +te samin suld nocht hurt nor # preiuge him anent his priuilege and exemptioune, towart +te passing vpone +te Assisis of v+teris personis to be # callit and persewit criminalie befor +te Justice, in tyme cuming.

[} [\DOCUMENTS ILLUSTRATIVE OF THE MURDER OF KING HENRY # DARNLEY.\] }] [} [\I. THE DEPOSITIONS OF WILLIAM POWRIE.\] }] [}1. (\APUD EDINBURGUM, 23 JUNII, AN. DOM. 1567, IN PRESENTIA # DOMINORUM SECRETI CONCILII.\) }] WILLIAME POWRIE, borne in Kinsawnis, seruitor to +te (^Erle # Bothwell^) , deponis, that +te sam day +te KING wes slane at night, +te ERLE BOITHWELL, accumpanyit with # (^James Ormestoune^) of +tat Ilk, (^Hob Ormestoune^) , his fader bruther, (^John Hepburne of Bolton^) , # and (^John Hay^) , +gounger, +geid togidder to ane counsele in the nether hall of +te said (^Erle Bothwell's^) # ludgeing in +te (^Abbay^) , about four houris eftirnone, or +tairby, and remanit +tairin twa houris, or +tairby; quhat # +tai did or said, he knawis not. (^Item^) . Deponis, +tat (^John Hepburne of Bolton^) , at # ten houres at evin, commandit the deponar and (^Pat Wilsoune^) to tak up ane carriage of twa maills, the ane # ane tronk, and +te vthir ane ane leddirin mail, quhilks were lyand in the said nethir hall, quhilks the # deponar and the said (^Pat^) put on and chargit upon twa horses of my Lordis, the ane being his sown # [\Soum or sowm.\] horse, and cariit the same to the +get of the enteres of the Black Friers, and +tare laid the same down, # quhair (^+te Erle Bothwell^) , accumpanit with (^Robert Ormestoune^) and (^Paris^) , called (^French Paris^) , # and vtheris twa quhilks had cloakes about +tare faces, met the saidis deponar and (^Pat Wilsoun^) . And +tat # +goung (^Tallo^) , the (^Lard of Ormistoune^) , and (^John Hepburne of Boltoun^) , wes awaitand vpon +te deponar # and (^Pat Wilsoun^) , within the said +get; and +tat +tare the saidis thre persouns within the said +get, # ressauit the saids twa charges, quhilks the deponar knew to be pulder, because the same wes in sundry # polks, within the said mail and tronk: And +te deponar and said (^Pat Wilsoun^) helpt +tame in with # the same; and the powder being taken from +tame, the said (^John Hepburne of Bolton^) sent this deponar # for candell, and +tat he cost six halpenny candell fra (^Georde Burnis^) wife in the (^Cowgate^) , and # deliverit to the said (^Johne^): and +tat +te saids persouns ressavaris of the powder, had ane towel with them, # with ane littil licht candell; and the saids persouns within the said +get oppynit the tronk and mail, and # tuck out the polks with the powder: and everie ane of +tame tuck yane upon his back, or under his arm, # and carryit the same away to the backwall of the +gaird +tat is next the trees; and +tair the said (^Lard # of Ormistoune, Johnne Hepburne of Boltoun^) , and +goung (^Tallo^) , ressavit the pulder fra # +tame, and wald suffer the deponar and his marrow to pass na furdar. And quhen the deponar and his marrow came # bak againe to the said Frier +get, the twa horss that carryed the said mail and tronk war away, and # +git +tay carryit the saids mail and tronk again to (^the Abbay^) , and as +tay came up the (^Black Frier # Wind^) , THE QUENES grace was gangand before +tame with licht torches: And +tat the deponar and his # marrow being cumin to the said Erles ludging in (^the Abbay^) , thai tarryit +tare ane hour or mair, # and +tan the said (^Erle^) came in, and immediatly tuk aff his claythes +tat wer on, (^viz^) . a pair of blak # velvet hoise, trussit with silver, and ane doublet of satin of the same maner; and put on ane vthir pair # of black velvet hoise, and ane doublet of canwes, and tuk his side rideing cloak about him, and # incontinent past furth, accumpanyt with (^French Paris^), the deponar, (^Georde Dagleish^) , and (^Pat # Wilsoun^) , and came down the turnpike, and alang the back-wall of THE QUENES garden, quhill +tai came to the back of # the Cun+gie-house, and the back of the Stabillis, while thay came to the (^Cannogate^) . And # deponis, +tat as +tai came by the gate of THE QUENES South-garden, the twa sentinellis +tat stude at the # +get +tat gangis to the uttir cloiss, speirit at +tame, 'Quha is +tat?' And +tai answerit, 'Friends.' The # centinell speirit, 'Quhat friends?' And +tai answerit, ' (^My Lord Bothwell's^) friends.' (^Item^) . Deponis, +tat +tai come up (^the Canongate^) , # and to the Nether-bow, and findand the Bow steikand, (^Pat Willson^) cryet to (^John Galloway^) , and # desyrit him to opin the Port to friends of (^my Lord Bothwell^) ; quha came and oppynit the port, and +tai # enterit, and +geid up aboue (^Bassyntines^)

house on the south-side of the way, and knockit at ane staire, # and callit for (^the Laird of Ormestone^) , and (^Robert Ormestone^) , and nane answerit +tame: And +tai # +tan flippit down ane closs beneith (^the Frier Wynd^) , and come to the +get at (^the Black Friers^) , and # enterit in at +tat +get, and +geid quhill +tay come to the back-wall and dyke, quhair the deponar and (^Pat # Wilson^) left the utheris persouns before exprymit, with the powder, as said is; and +taire (^the Erle Bothweille^) # past in over the dyke, and bad the deponar, (^Pat Wilson^) , and (^Georde Dalgleish^) tarry still # +tair while he come backwart to them. And furder deponis, +tat +tai tariit +tare half an houre, and hard # nevir din of any thing, quhill at last my lord, accompanyit with +goung (^Tallo^) , and (^Johnne # Hepburne^) of Boltoune, come to the deponar, and vtheris twa persons being with him, and evin as my lord and # thir twa comes to the deponar and his marowis at the dyke, thai hard the crak, and thai past away # togidder out at the Frier +get, and sinderit quhen +tai came to (^the Cowgate^) , pairt up (^the Blackfrier # Wynd^) , and pairt up the cloiss which is under (^the Endmyllis Well^) ; and met not quhill +tai came # to the end of (^the Bow^) , and +geid down ane cloiss on the north side of the gait, to haif loppin the wall # of (^Leith Wynd^) ; and +tair my lord thoucht it over heich, and came again aback to the Port, and caused cry # upon (^John Galloway^) , and said +tai war friends of (^my Lord Bothwilis^) . And (^John Galloway^) # ruse and let them furth; and syne +tai past down (^St Mary's Wynd^) , and down the back +gairds of # (^the Canongait^) , and to the said (^Erles^) ludging; and as +tai past THE QUEEN'S Guards before specifyit, # sum sentinells speirit at +tame 'Quha +tai war?' and +tai answerit, +tai war 'Friends of my (^L. # Bothweill^) ;' And als speirit 'Quhat crak +tat was?' And +tai answerit, '+tai know not;' and +tat the # sentinels bid them, if +tai were servandis of my (^L. Bothweill^) , to gang +tair way. My lord come into his ludgeing, and immediately callit for # ane drink, and tuk off his cloathes incontinent, and +geid to his bed, and tarriet in his bed about half an # hour, quhen (^Mr George Hackett^) come to the +get, and knocks, and desired to be in; and quhen he # came in, he appeared to be in ane greit effray, and was black as any pik, and not ane word to speik. # (^My Lord^) enquirit, 'Quhat is the matter, man?' And he answerit, 'THE KINGIS house is blawn up, and I # trow THE KING be slayn!' And (^my lord^) cryet, 'Fy, treasoun!' And +tan he raise and # pat on his claiths. And +tarefter THE ERLE HUNTLEY and mony came in to my lord, and +tai +geid into # THE QUENE'S house. (^Item^) . Deponis, +tat upon the nixt nicht efter, my lord # desyrit +tis deponar, (^Pat Wilson, Georde Daglish, the Laird of Ormestoune^) , and (^Hob Ormestoune, John # Hepburn^) , and +goung (^Tallo^) , to keip thair tongues cloiss, and +tai suld nevir want so long as he # had, and +tat he suld send the deponar and (^Pat Wilson^) to (^the Armitage^) , and +tat +tai suld be # honestly sustainit. And being inquyrit, Gif this deponar, at my (^Lord Bothwells^) desyre, socht ane fyne lunt # of any of the Suddartis? And answerit, +tat he did the same, and gat a piece of fine lunt, of half a # faddome, or +tareby, fra ane of the Suddartis, quhais name he knawis not, and deliverit to (^Johne Hepburne^) # of Boltoune, upon Saturday before THE KINGIS Slaughter. [}2. (\APUD EDINBURGUM, 3 JULII, AN. DOM. 1567, IN PRESENTIA # DOMINORUM SECRETI CONCILII.\) }] WILLIAM POWRIE, re-examined, deponis, +tat the carage of the # tronk and mail contenit in his former Depositioun, were carryed by him and (^Pat Wilsone^) , # upon ane gray horss +tat pertained to (^Herman^) , page to my lord, at twa sundry tymes; and war # carryed and conveyed by +taim into the place containet in his former Deposition. And +tat at (^the # Frier-Wynd-fute^) +tis deponar said to Pat Willson, at the conveying of the last carriage, thir words, # 'JESU, (^Patt^) , quhattin ane gaitt is +tis we are gangand? I trow it be not gude!' And he answerit, 'I trow it be # not gude; but weist, hald +gour tongue!' (^Item^) . Deponis, Quhan the deponar and (^Pat Willson^) # come to the Frier +Get with the last convoy, and

laid the same down, (^Robert Ormestoune^) come furth, and said # thir words. 'This is not gude like! I trow this purpois will not come to this nycht! I will in and se # quhat +tai are doing.' (^Item^) . +taireftir, quhen the powlder and greaith was # carryed inwart, the Deponar tarryand at the dyke, (^the Laird of Ormistoun^) of +tat ilk came again, and # said to (^John Hepburne^) and +goung (^Tallo^) , thir words, [\Paris Frenchman being with him,\] 'Be GOD, it is # fair in field, cum of it quhat will!' And bade the deponar and (^Pat Wilson^) gang their way: And at # the same tyme +tat +te deponar and (^Pat Wilson^) laid down the last carriage at the said (^Frier # Gait, the E. Bothweill^) came unto thame utwith the Frier +Get, accumpanyit with thre more, quhilks had # +tare cloaks, and mulis [\(^Mullis^) ; slippers\] upon +tair # feet. (^Item^) . Deponis, +tat the saidis (^Johnne Hepburne^) of # Boltone, upon Saturday at evin, befoir THE KINGIS Slauchter, brought the mail and tronk quhairin the # powlder was, to (^the E. of Bothwiles^) ludgeing, and laid in the same in the neither hall: and the deponar # declaris, +tat at the last horse cariage he bare up ane toome poulder barrel to the same place +tai # carriet the pulder, and +tat he wist not how nor be quhome the same came in (^the Erle Bothweilis^) ludging # in (^the Abby^). (^Item^) . Deponis, +tat upon the morne eftir THE KINGIS # Slauchter, viz. Mononday, (^John Hepburne^) of Boltoun gat ane gray horse, (^Mr Young Tallo^) ane broun horss # fra my (^L. Bothweill^) . (^Item^) . Inquirit, Gif (^William Geddes^) Deposition, # being red to the deponar, was trew? Declarit the same was all trew, except the deponar remembers not quhidder # he bad and counsulit this Geddes not to be fund on the gut [\Perhaps for (^gait^).\] +tat nycht or # not. THIS is the trew copy of the DEPOSITIONS of the said William # Powry, maid in presence of the Lords of Secreit Counsall, concordand and agrieand with the principal # remainand at the office of Justiciary, collationat be me, Sir John Bellenden of Auchnoule, Clerk of # oure souerane lordis Justiciarie, witnessing my sign and # subscription manual. JOANNES BELLENDEN, (\Clericus # Justiciariae.\) [} [\II. THE DEPOSITION OF GEORGE DALGLEISH.\] }] [} (\APUD EDINBURGUM, 26 JUNII, AN. DOM. 1567, PRESENTIBUS # COMITIBUS DE MORTOUN ET ATHOL, PREPOSITO DE DUNDEE ET DOMINO DE GRANGE.\) }] GEORGE DALGLISH, seruande in the Chalmer to (^the Erle # Bothwell^) , of the aige of 27 +geiris, or +tareby, &c., deponis, +tat +te Sunday THE KING was slayne at # nycht, (^the E. Bothwell^), accumpanyit with the (^Laird of Ormistoune^) of +tat Ilk, (^Hob # Ormestoune^) , his fader-bruther, (^Johne Hepburne^) of Boltone, (^Johnne Hay of Tallo^) , +gounger, war togidder in # the neither hall of the said (^Erl's^) ludging in (^the Abby^) , about four houres in the eftirnone, and remained # +tarein ane hour and a half; and quhat +tai did knaws not, be ressoun the deponar remainit for the maist # pairt in my lord's chalmer. (^Item^) . Deponis, +tat my lord, his maister, came to his # chalmer about 12 hours at evin, or +tareby, and tuke of his clayths, and chingit his hois and doublet, (^viz.^) # ane pair or hoiss, stocket with black welvet, pasementit with silver, and ane doublett of black satin of the # same maner, and put on ane vther pair of black hoiss, and ane canwes dowblett white, and tuke his # side riding cloak about him, of sad Inglish claith, callit the new colour. And incontinent (^the Erle, # French Paris, William Powry^) , seruitor and porter to the said (^Erle, Patt Wilsoun^) , and the # deponar, +geid down the turnpike altogidder, and endlong the bak of THE QUENE'S garden, quhill +gow cum to the # Cun+gie-house, and the bak of the Stabillis, quhill +gow com to (^the Cannogate^) , foreanent # (^the Abbay^) +get. And depones, as +tay came by the entry of THE QUENE'S South garden, ane of the sentinels # +tat stude at the +get +tat gangis to the utter cloiss, speirit at thame, 'Quhais that?' +tai answerit, # 'Friends.' - "Quhat friends?" "Friends to my (^Lord Bothwell^) ,' (^Item^) . Deponis, +tai came up (^the Canogait^) to (^the # Nethir Bow^) , quhilk wes steikit, and +tat (^Patt Willson^) cryit to (^John Galloway^) , and bid him come down # and oppin the Port and let +tame in, and

+tat +tai tarriet ane gude quhile or (^Galloway^) came down to # let +tame in, and speirit at +tame, 'Quhat did yow out of +tair beds +tat tyme of night?' And eftir +tay # enterit within the Porte, +tai +geid up abone (^Bassyntines^) house, on the south-side of the gait, and # knockit at ane dur beneth the Sword-flippers, and callit for (^the Lard of Ormestounes^) , and one within # answerit, he was not +tare: And +tai passit down a cloiss beneth (^Frier Wynd^) , and enterit in at the +get of (^the # Black Friers^) , quhill they come to the bak wall and dyke of (^the Town-wall^) , quhair my lord and (^Paris^) # past in over the wall, and commandit +te deponar, (^William Powry^) and (^Patt Willsoun^) , to remayne stil # quhill +tai came till +tame, and quhatevir +tay hard or saw, not to stur or depart quhill he cam againe: And # +tat +tis deponar and the uther twa tarreit +tair half an hour or +tareby, and in the meyn time hard no din # of any thing, quhill at last my lord, accumpanyit with (^John Hay^) , +gounger (^of Tallo^) , (^John # Hepburne^) of Bolton, come to the deponar, and his company, +tai hard the crack, and past all away togidder # out at the Frier +get, and sunderit in (^the Cowgait^) . (^My lord, Johnne Hepburne^) , and (^Pat Wilsoune, # William Powrie^) , and the deponar, +geid up ane wynd be-est (^the Frier Wynd^) , and crossit (^the # Hiegait^) at (^the Nether Bow^) , to haif loppin the wall at (^Leith Wynd^) , bot thai thocht the wall over hich, # and came agane to (^the Port^) ; and my lord caussit cry upone (^Johne Galloway^) , and said, +tai were # servands of (^my lord Bothweill^) ; and +tat he ruse and oppynit the wickit: Quha it wes +tat ruse, (\ignorat\) : # And syne +tai passit down (^St Mary Wynd^) , and down the back of (^the Cannygait^) , and to the said # (^Erles^) ludging, and enterit be the same turnpicke +tat +tai cam furth at. And as +tai passit by THE QUENE'S # gardens, ane of the sentinels speirit, 'Quha +tai war?' And +tai answerit, +tai war 'Friends of my (^lord # Bothweill^) .' And so soon as my lord came in his ludgeing he cryit for ane drink, and incontinent # +tareftir tuke off his claythes and +geid to his bed, and lay be the space of half ane hour or +tareby. And +tat # (^Mr George Hacket^) came to the chalmer about half ane hour eftir my lord lay down. Quhan he came in, # he apperit to be very effrayit, and my lord speirit, 'Quhat is the matter, man?' And he # answerit, +tat he "Heard at (^the Kirk of Field^) like the schot of ane cannoun, and, as I hear say, THE # KING'S house is blawn up, and I trow THE KING be slayne!' And incontinent my lord raise and put on # his clayths, that is to say, the same hoiss and dowblet +tat he had on upon Sunday, quhilks wer # passaments with siluer; and sa sone as my lordis clayths was on, he departit furth of the chalmer, and # the deponar remanit still in the chalmer. THIS is the trew copy of the DEPOSITIONE of the said GEORGE # DALGLISH, maid in presence of THE LORDIS before exprimit, concordand and agreeand with the # principall remayning at the office of Justiciare, collationat by me Sir John Bellenden, knight, clerk # of our soveraigne lordis Justiciary, witnessing my signe and subscriptioun manual. JOANNES # BELLENDEN, (\Clericus Justiciariae.\) [} [\III. DEPOSITION OF JOHN HAY, +GOUNGER OF TALLO.\] }] [} (\APUD EDINBURGUM 13 DIE MENSIS SEPTEMBRIS, AN. DOM. 1567,\) # IN PRESENCE OF MY LORD REGENT, THE ERLES OF MORTON AND ATHOL, THE LAIRDS OF LOCHLEVIN # AND PETAROW, MR JAMES MAGYLL, AND THE JUSTICE-CLERK.}] THE quhilk day, JOHN HAYE, +GOUNGER OF TALLO, being examinit # anent THE KINGIS graces Murther, grantit and confessit himself culpable +tareof; and as # he wald answer before God, deponit and declarit (^the Erle Bothwele^) his masters pairt of the # same, sa far as the deponar knew, in manner following: that is to say, THAT upon the 7 day of Februar last # bypast, before THE KINGIS Murther, (^therle Bothweil^) , within his chalmer in his ludging in # (^the Abbay of Halyrudhous^) , schew to the deponar the purpose of THE KINGIS Murther, sayand their words, or # siclyk, ' (^Johne^) , this is the mater! THE KINGIS destructioun is devysit, and I mon reveill it unto ye, # for an I put not him down, I can not haif an lyfe in (^Scotland^) . He will be my destructioun! And # I reveill this to the as to my friend; and gyf +gow reveill it again, it will be my destructioun, and I sall # seik this thy life first!' And +tarwith he

gave the deponar also diverse admonitions, and also fair # promises to keip the matter secret, and to take part with him in THE KINGIS Slaughter, as he had devisit; # and +tat +tareafter, at evin, in the presence of (^John Hepburn^) , callit of Bolton, the said (^Erle^) # proponit the samyn matter to the deponar, quhilk (^John Hepburn^) was on the counsail +tairof of before. # And (^therle Bothwell^) said to the deponar, 'I have devisit it in this manner, and ye sall do the same;' # that is to say, he said in presence of (^James Ormistoun^) of +tat ilk, and the said (^John Hepburn^) , thir words, 'The # poulder man [{must{] be laid in the house under THE KINGIS chalmer, quhair THE QUEENE suld lye, in an # barril, gyf it may be gottin within the barril, and the same barril sall haif an hoill at the # nether end +tareof, and an tre, holit and howkit like an troch, put to the hoill of the barril, and an lunt # +tareupon, quhilk sall be fyrit at the far end and the unfyrit end laid in the hoill of the barril in the # pulder.' And this purpos suld haif been put in execution upon the Saturday at night, and the matter fayllit # +tat nycht, becaus all thingis war not in reddynes +tairfor. (^Item^) . Deponit, +tat upon Sunday +tarefter, about thre # or four houres afternone, in (^therle Bothwell's^) nedder house in (^the Abbaye^), the said (^Erle, John Hepburn^) # of Bolton, and the deponar, devysit +tat my lord suld gang up to the said (^Laird of Ormiston's^) chalmer # (like as he did) sua sone as it was mirk, and +tat +tare past with my lord, quyet on fute. (^John # Hepburn^) of Bolton, the deponar, and (^Ade Murray^) met +tame, and sum utheris quham the deponar remembers not, at # the said (^Laird of Ormiston's^) stairefute of his chalmer, above (^the Bow^) , on the # south-syde of the gait, and +tat my lord commandit the said (^Ade^) and utheris to pass to (^Mr John Spensis^) , # and remayne +tare quhill he came to +tame: And +tat my lord, (^John Hepburn^) of Bolton, and the deponar, # enterit in the said (^Laird of Ormiston's^) chalmer, quhair +tay fand the said (^Lard^) , and (^Hob # Ormiston^) , his fader bruther, and an bruther of the (^Lards^) , quhais name the deponar knaws not, and was put to # the dur; and +tair +tai consullit quhat gait +tai suld gang to THE KINGIS house, because +tai had not tane # purpois +tairupon of before; and syne +tai +geid all down togidder to (^the Black Freir^) +geit , and # +te said (^Lard of Ormiston^) +geid in throw the ald howsis and wallis, and past and opynitt the said Freir-+get # to my lord, the deponar, and the rest foresaid. And +tat (^my lord^) and the deponar +geid up and # down (^the Kowgate^) , quhile (^Wille Powry^) and (^Pate Willson^) brocht the powder, quhilk was brocht, at twa # sundry times, furth of (^the Abbay^) , from (^the Erlis^) ludgeing: And +tat the same was in a tronk and an mail, # and was brought upon (^Hermanis^) naig, and +tat the powder was ressavit in at (^the Black Freir^) # +geit be the said (^Lard of Ormiston^) and (^John Hepburn^) of Boltown, and +tat the samyn was born in be (^Wille # Powry, Pate Wilson^) , and the saids (^Lard of Ormiston, Hob Ormiston^) , and the deponar, in the # trunk and mail. And +tareftir the powder +tat was in the trunk was taken furth of the same, and put in # polks, and the powder +tat was in baith the tronk and mail was caryit to THE KINGIS house in polks. And it is of veritie, that (^Paris, the French man^) , was # in the nedder house, under THE KINGIS chalmer, and had an key of the back-dowr, and then the said # (^Lard of Ormiston^) past in at the said dur, and spake with the said (^Hob^) , his fader bruther, and with # the said (^Paris^) , being both therein, and fand the time convenient, and came furth again, and tauld the samyn # to the said (^Erle^) and his cumpany; and +tat +tai had with +tame alswa a tre and a powder barrel, # for to have done as said is: But the barrel was so meikle, it could not be gottin in at the duur: # And +tan +tay tuk all the polks and carried +tame within the said laich house, and temit +tame on the flour # in an heip, and the polks weir taken furth again. And +tat (^my lord^) was in the house afoir, and # had left the said (^Paris^) +tarein, and the said (^Hob^) standand at the dur awaitand upon +tair coming: And # +tat the said (^Lard of Ormistone^) said to the said (^John Hepburn^) , '+Ge ken now quhat ye haif to do, quhen # all is quyet abone +gow! Fyre the end of the lunt, and cum +gour way!' And +tareftir the said (^Lard of # Ormiston^) past his way, with (^Hob^) with him and (^Paris^) . (^John Hepburn^) and +te deponar taryit # still within the said laich house a certain space; and (^Paris^) lockit the back dur, and the dur +tat passes up # the turnpike to THE KINGIS chalmer, quhair

THE KING, THE QUENE, and +te (^Erle Bothwell^), and vthers # were, and passit up to +tame, levand behind him the said (^John Hepburn^) , and the deponar lockit in the # said nedder house: And as the deponar believes (^Paris^) shew (^the Erle Bothwell^) that all things # were in readiness, and syne sone +tareftir, THE QUENE and THE LORDIS returnit to (^the Abbay, my lord # Bothwell^) being in her cumpany. And +tareftir (^the Erle Bothwell^) , accumpanyit with (^Paris^) and (^Georde # Dalglish^) , came to the back +gard; and the said (^Hepburn^) , quha had twa keyis of the back dur, lichtit # the lunt, and came with the deponar, and lockit the durris after +tame, and fand (^the Erle of # Bothwell^) in the +gaird, quha speirit at +tame, 'Gyf they had done that quhilk he had biddin +tame, and fyrit the # lunt?' And +tai answerit, '+tat it was done.' And eftir (^my lord^) and thai tarryit in the +gaird ane lang # tyme; and quhen (^my lord^) saw +tat +te matter came not hastily to pass, he was angre, and wald have gen in # himself in the house; and the said (^John Hepburn^) stoppit him, saying thir wordis, '+Ge neid not.' And # (^my lord^) said thir wordis, 'I will not gang away quhile I see it done.' And within ane schort space it # fyrit, (^my lord, John Hepburn^) , the deponar, and (^Paris^) being gangang at the fute of the # aley in the said +gard. And quhen they saw the house riseand, and hard the crack, they ran their way, and # come down (^the Wynd^) fra the said Freir +gett; and +tat (^my lord^) +tareftir past to the wall at # (^Leith Wynd^) , to have past over it, but because he thocht it over hich, he sturrit +tairwith, and came back again # to (^the Nedder Bow^) , and past furth at (^the Port^) , after (^Johnne Hepburne^) had cried upon (^John # Gallaway^) , porter, and caussit him oppin the Port; and that the saids (^John Hepburn^) and (^Georde # Dalgleish^) passit afore with my lord, and sone +tarefter the deponar and (^Paris^) followit; and the deponar # passit to his bed, in (^John Hepburns^) in (^the Canongait^), and (^my lord^) passit to his awin ludgeing to # (^the Abbay^) . [} [\IV. THE DEPOSITION OF JOHN HEPBURN, CALLED 'JOHNNE OF # BOWTOUN.'\] }] [} (\APUD EDINBURGUM 8 DIE MENSIS DECEMBRIS, AN. DOM. 1567\), # IN PRESENCE OF MY LORD REGENT, THE ERLE OF ATHOL, THE LORD LINDSAY, THE LARD OF GRANGE, AND # THE JUSTICE-CLERK.}] THE quhilk day, JOHNNE HEPBURNE, callit (^Johnne of # Bowtoun^) , being examinit upon THE KINGIS Murther, grantit himself culpable and gilty +tairof: and as he # wald answere before God, deponit and declaryt (^the Erle of Bothweile^) his maisters part of the # samyn, so far as the deponar knew in this matter, that is to say; The first tyme +tat evir (^the Erle of # Bothwile^) spake +tis matter of THE KYNGIS Murther to the deponar, was ane day or twa aftir the bringing # of the powder furth of (^Dunbar^) ; at quhilk tyme he said to the deponar in this manner, 'Thair is # ane purpois divisit amongs some of the Noblemen, and me amongs the rest, +tat THE KINGE sall be slane; # and that every ane of us sall send twa servandis to the doing +tarof, owther on the fields, or # otherwise as he may be apprehendit!' And +tan desirit +te deponar to be ane of the entreprysers for him: # Quhais answer was, '+tat it was ane evil purpois, and +git, becaus he was servand and cousignance # to his lordshyp, he wald do as vtheirs wald, and put hand to it.' One the morne +tareftir, he callit (^James # Ormiston^) of that Ilk, the deponar, and (^John Hay^) , +gounger of Tallo, and break the purpois to +tame; and # maid the like declaratioune to +tame, +tat vthir Noblemen had had as far enteres as he in +tat matter: And # +tai maid to him evin sic answer as he had done. Quhether my lord had schewed +tame +te purpois of # befoir or not, +te deponar knawes not. Swa every day +tare was tauking amongis +tame of the samyn # purpois, quhill within twa dais before +te Murther, +tat the said Erle changed purpoise of the slaying of # THE KINGE one the feildes, because +tan it wald be knawn, and schew to +tame quhat way it mycht be usit # better be +te pulder. And on the Sunday, in the gloming before nicht, +te 9 daie of Februar last # bepast, the deponar send +te said (^Johne Hayes^) man for ane tome poulder barrel to the man quhilk # (^Johne Haye^) had coft the same fra, +tat dwells above (^Sandie Bruces^) cloise-heid. At evin my lord # suppit in (^Maister Johne Balfour's^) hous, quhare (^the Bischop of Argyle^) maid the banket: And eftir # supper (^my lord^) came up the gait and +tai all with him to the said (^Lard of Ormestonis'^) chalmer: # quhair +te deponar and (^Johne Haye^) past in, and

fand the said (^Lard^) and (^Hob Ormistoun^) his fader bruther; # and as +te deponar rememberis, +tat was the first time +tat (^Hob^) knew of +tat matter, and +tair +tai # spake togidder, and my lord schewit +tame +te maner: And the deponar, the said (^Lard of Ormistoune, Hob # Ormistone^) , and (^Johne Haye^) , past to the fute of (^the Black Freir Wind^) , haveing sent away (^Wille # Powry^) and (^Pate Wilsone^) for the poulder. And before +tar comming furth of the said chalmer, (^my lord^) # departit with his servandis; quhair +te deponar knawes not. And the saids foure being togidder, as is # befoir wryttin, at the fute of the (^Freir Wind^) , the said (^Willie Powry^) and (^Pate Wilsone^) # cum agane with the poulder, quhilk was brocht at two times in ane tronk and ane mail; and +tai carreit # it in at (^Black Freres +get^) : And quhen +tai war changing +te pulder furth of the tronk in polks, my # lord come and speirid 'Gyf all was redy? And bad +tame haist before THE QUEENE cum furth of THE KINGIS # house; for gyf she come furth before +tai wer reddy, +tay wald not find sic commodity. And # +tan +te pulder being put in polks, the saids (^Lard of Ormistone, Hob Ormistone^) , this deponar, # (^Johne Haye, Willi Powry^) , and (^Pate Wilsone^) tursit up the pouder to THE KINGIS house, and fand (^Paris^) at # the dur, quha openit the samyn; and +tay assayit to haue taken in the said barrell, and it wald not # gang in at the dur; and +tan +tai liftit the samyn, and brocht it back to the +gaird, and had in the pouder, # and tuming it furth of the polks in ane bing and heip upon the flur, evin directly undir THE KINGIS # bed. And +tan +te said (^Lard of Ormestone, Hob Ormiston^) , and (^Paris^) , past away, and left the # deponar and (^John Hay^) within the said house; quhilks tarryit +tarein quhill efter twa houres after mydnight, # and +tan tuk ane lunt, with ane litle tre quharon it lay, and placit +te same, +te ane end in the pouder, # and fyrit +te vthir end, and cam +tair way, and lockit +te thre duris behind +tame: And at +tair # cuming furth to the +gaird, +tay fand (^my lord Bothwell, Geordie Dalgleish, Pat Wilson^) , and (^Willie # Powry^) : And my lord speirit at them, 'Gyf +tay had one all things as was ordourit?' And +tai said, # '+Gea:' And +tai tarryit upon ane quarter of ane hour +taireftir. And my lord thocht lang, and speirit 'Gyf # +tair was ony part of the house +tat they mycht se the lunt, gyff it was burnand anouch?' And +tai # said, '+tare was nane but ane wundo quhilk wes within +te clois:' And as they war speeking upon it, # the house begouth to take fyre and blew up; and +tai ran away, and cum up (^Black Freir Wind^) , # and +geid down ane clois to haif gottin over the broken wall at (^Leith Wind^) , but my lord thocht it # over heich to loup, because of his fair hand; and swa returnit to +te (^Neddir Bow^) , and walkynit # (^John Galloway^) , portar, quham +tai gart cum down and opin the +get: And (^Willie Powry, Paris^) , and # (^John Haye^) , +geid evin down (^the Cannongait^) , and (^my lord^) , the deponar, (^Pat Wilson^) , and (^Georde # Dalgleish^) , +geid down (^Saint Mary Wind^) , and behind the +gairds unto my lordis ludgeing in (^the # Abby^) . And in +tair by-ganging, twa of the watchis spirit, 'Quhat +tai were?' and +te deponar answerit, # 'We are servands of (^the Erle Bothweill^) , gangand to him with news out of the town.' And swa my lord # passit to his bed, and +tis deponar lay down in ane bed in +te hall. And sone +tareftir (^Mr George # Hackett^) came in, quha told, +tat the house of (^the Kirk of Field^) was blawn up in the hair [\Air.\] , # and THE KING slain. And within short space +tairafter my lord Huntley came in, and (^my lord Bothweill^) raiss and # put on his claithis, and passit into THE QUEENIS house. And the deponar tarryit sum tyme +tareftir, # and cumand furth, fand (^the Abbay-+geit^) closit; and +tan +te deponar fand the said (^John Hay^) in his # bed in (^John Hepburns^) , and lay down with him. (^Item^) . Deponis, +tat +tare wes fourteen fals keys maid # for oppyning of all the lockes of the dures of THE KINGIS ludgings at (^the Kirk of Field^) ; quhilk the # deponar, eftir the committing of the said Murther, keist in (^the Quarie-hole^) betwix (^+ge Abbay^) and # (^Leith^) . THIR ar +te true copies of the Depositionis of the said JOHN # HAY, +gounger of (^Tallo^) , and JOHNE HEPBURNE, callit (^of Boutoune^) , maid in presence of MY LORD # REGENT, and THE LORDS before mentionit, in manner befoir expremitt, concordant and agreand # with the originalis, quhilks are remainand

in the Justiciarie, collationate be me Sir John Bellenden of # Auchinoul, knight, Clerk of our soverane lordis Justiciary. JOHANNES BELLENDEN, (\Clericus # Justiciarie.\) [} [\V. THE CONFESSIOUN OF JOHN HABROUN, YOUNG TALLA, DAGLEISH # AND POWRIE,\] }] [}UPON QUHOME WAS JUSTICE EXECUTE THE 3D OF JANUARIE, THE YEARE OF GOD # 1567.}] JOHN (HABROUN) (^of Bowton^) confessit that nyne was at the # deid doing, my L. Bothwell, the lord of Ormistoun, Hob Ormistoun, himself, Talla, Dagleish, Wilson, # Pourie, and French Paris; and that he saw na moe, nor knew of na other companies. (^Item^) . He knowis nat other but that, that he was blowin # in the ayre; for he was handilit with na mens' handes, as he saw; and if he was, it was with others and # not with tham. (^Item^) . As touching (^Sir James Balfour^) , he saw not # his subscriptioun; but I warrand you he was the principall counsallar and deviser. (^Item^) . He sayd, I confesse it is the veray Providence of # God that hes brought me to his judgement; for I am led to it as an horse to the stall, for I had schippis # providit to flie, but could not escape. (^Item^) . He sayd, let no man do evill for counsall of # great men or thayr masters, thinking thay shall save tham; for surely I thought that night that the deid was # done, that although knowledge should bene gotten, na man durst have sayde it was evill done, seing # the hand writtis, and acknowledging THE QUENIS minde thairto. (^Item^) . Speaking of THE QUENE in the Tolbuith, he said, # God make all weill, but the langer deirt is hydden, it is the stronger. Quho lives, our daithes will be # thought na newis! (^Item^) . Hinmest, he confessit, he was ane of the # principall doers of the daith, and thairfoir is justly worthy of daith; but he was assurit of the mercy of God, quho # callit him to repentance. ITEM. TALLA confessit, (\ut supra\) , agreing in all pointes # as concerning the parsons, number, and blowing in the ayre. (^Item^) He affirmit, That in (^Setoun^) , my (^Lord # Bothwell^) callit on him, and sayd, 'Quhat thought you quhen thou saw him blowen in the ayre?' Quho answerit, 'Alas! # my lord, quhy speak ye that? For quhen ever I heare sic a thing, the wordes wound me to # death, as they ought to do you!' (^Item^) . That same tyme he saw (^Syr James Balfour^) put # in his owne name and his brother's unto my (^Lord Bothwelles^) Remissioun. (^Item^) . He knew of the deid doing three or four days or # it was done, or thereby. (^Item^) . He sayd, 'After that I came to the Court, I left # the reading of God's worde and imbrasit vanitie; and thairfoir hes God justly brought this on me.' Quhairfoir, let all men flee evill cumpany, and to trust not # in men; for redy are we to imbrace evill, as redy as hardes to receive fyre. And further, in the Tolbuith # he requyrit (^John Brande^) , Minister of the Congregatioun, to passe to my (^Lord Lindsay^) , and # say, 'My lord, hartily I forgeve your L., and als my lord REGENT, and all others, but specially tham that # betrayit me to you; for I know if ye could have savit me ye would; desiring you, as ye will # answere before God in the latter day, to do your diligence to bring the rest, quho was the beginners of # this worke, to justice, as ye have done to me; for ye know it was not begunne in my head. But yit praises # God that his justice hes begunne at me, by the quhilk he hes callit me to repentaunce!' ITEM, DAGLISHE sayd, 'As God shall be my judge, I knew # nothing of THE KINGES daith befoir

it was done; for my (^Lord Bothwell^) gangand to his bedde, # after the taking of of his hose, quhilke was stockit with velvet, (^French Paris^) cum and roundit # with him; and thairefter he taryed on me for other hose and claithis, and his riding cloke and sworde, # quhilke I gave him; and herefter cum up the gait to the (^Lord of Ormistoun's^) lodging, and taryit for # him; and therefter that, he passit to ane Wynd beside (^the Blacke Fryers^) , and cum to the slope of the # dike, quhair he gart me stand still; and as God shal be my judge, I knew nathing quhill I heard the # blast of powder: And after this he cum hame, lay downe in his beid, quhill (^Mr George Hakit^) cum and # knockit at the doore. And if I dye for this, the quhilke God judge me gif I knew maire, quhat shal # be done to thame quho was the devisers, counsallars, subscrivers, and fortifiers of it?' [} [\VI. THE DEPOSITION OF THOMAS NELSON, 'CUBICULAR' TO KING # HENRY.\] }] THOMAS NELSON, sumtyme servand in the chamber to wmquhill # KING HENRY, of guide memory, of Scotland, examinat upoun his conscience, declaris that he # was actuall servand to THE KING the tyme of his Murthour and lang of befoir, and came with him # frome Glasgow, the time THE QUEENE convoyit him to Edinburgh. (^Item^) . The deponar remembris it wes dewysit in Glasgow, # that THE KING suld haif lyne first at Craigmyllare: bot, becaus he had na will thairof, the purpois # wes alterit, and conclusioun takin that he suld ly beside the Kirk of Feild: At quhilk tyme this # deponir belevit evir that he suld haif had the Duikis house; and knew na uther hous, quhill THE KING lychtit, # at quhilk tyme he past directlie to the said Duikis house, thinking it to be the lugeing preparit # for him: Bot the contrare was then schawin to him be THE QUENE, quha convoyit him to the uthir hous; and # at his cuming thairto, the schalmir wes hung, and ane new bed of black figurat welwet standing # thairin. The keyis of the lugeing wes partlie standing in the durris, and pairtlie deliverit to this # deponir be Robert Balfour, awnir, all except the key of that dur, quhilk passit throuch the sellare and the # town wall, quhilk culd noht be had, and thairfore Bonkle in the sellare said, he suld clois it weill # aneuch within; quhilkis keyes wes keppit and usit be this deponir and utheris, THE KINGIS servandis, quhill # THE QUENIS cuming to the lugeing: At the quhilk tyme, the key of the laich chalmir undir THE # KING, quhair sche lay tua nytis, viz. the Wednisday and Fraday befoir his Murthour, with the key of the # passage that past toward the gardin, wer deliuerit in the handis of Archibald Betoun, as the deponir # rememberis; quhilk Archibald wes yscheare of THE QUENIS chalmer dour: Befoir quhilk tyme of THE # QUENIS lying in the KINGIS lugeing, the tua nytis above namyt, sche causit tak doun the # uttir dour that closit the passage towart beith the chalmeris, and causit use the samyn dour as a cover # to the bath fatt, quherin he wes baithit: And sua ther wes na thing left to stope the passage into the # saidis schalmeris, bot only the portell durris. And alsua, sche causit tak doun the said new blak bed, # sayand, it wald be sul+geit with the bath; and in the place thairof, sett upe ane auld purple bed, that # wes accustomat to be carit; and the saidis keyis that wer deliverit in the handis of Archibald Betoun # remanit still in the handis of him and utheris that awaitit upon THE QUENE, and nevir wer deliverit agane to # THE KINGIS servandis: For sche sett upe ane grein bed, for hir self, in the said laich chalmir # quherin sche lay the saids tua nytis, and promist alsua to haif bidden thair upoun the Sounday at nyt. Bot eftir # sche had tareit lang and intertenit THE KING verey familairlie, sche tuk purpoise, (as it had bene on # the suddan,) and departit, as sche spak, to gif the mask to Bastyane, quha that nyt wes mareit hir # servand, namelie, the said Archibald Betoun: and ane Paris Francheman havand the keyis of hir schalmir, # quherin hir bed stuid in, as alsua of the passage that past towart the gairding: For quhen THE QUENE wes # thair, hir servandis had the keyis of the haill houss and durris at hir commandement; for upon the # nyt sche usit, with the lady Rereis, to ga furth to the garding, and ther to sing and use pastyme. # Bot fra the first tyme that sche lay in

that lugeing, THE KINGIS servandis had nevir the key of hir # said schalmir agane. THE QUENE being departit towart Halyrud hous, THE KING, within the space of ane # hour, past to bed, and in the chalmer with him lay wmquhill William Taylyour. This deponir and Edward # Symonis lay in the litill gaylery, that went dervict to sowth oute of THE KINGIS schalmir, havand # ane windo in the gawill throw the Toun-wall, and besyde thame lay William Tail+geir's boy; # quhilks nevir knew of ony thing quhill the hous quherin they lay wes fallin about thame; oute of the # quhilke, how sone this deponir could be red, he stuid upoun the rwynous wall quhill the pepill # convenit, and that he gat claithis and sua depairtit, quhill on the Monounday at efter none he was callit # and examinat; and amangis utheris thingis, wes inquiret about the keyis of the lugeing, this # deponir schew that Bonkle had the key of the sellare, and THE QUENIS servandis the keyis of hir schalmir: # quhilk the laird of Tulybardin hering, said, 'Hald thair, heir is ane grund.' Eftir quhilk wourdis # spokin, thai left of and procedit na farther in the inquisition. [^WEDDERBURN, ROBERT. THE COMPLAYNT OF SCOTLAND, C. 1550. ED. A.M. STEWART. SCOTTISH TEXT SOCIETY, FOURTH SERIES, 11. EDINBURGH 1979. SAMPLE 1: PP. 67.9-83.9 SAMPLE 2: PP. 108.20-113.8^]

[}QUHOU THE PRETENDIT KYNGIS OF INGLAND HES NO IUST TITIL TO THE REALME OF INGLAND NOTHIR BE ELECTIONE NOR BE SUCCESSIONE, AND QUHOU THAI PRETENDIT KYNGIS OF INGLAND, HES PRACTIKYT ANE CRAFTY DISSAIT CONTRAR VALIS AND YRLAND. CHAP.XI.}] Thir vordis befor rehersit (O +ge my thre sonnis) suld # prouoke +gou to tak curaige, ther for i vald that hope of victoree var augmentit, & dreed var benest fra +gou. vald +ge al perpend # +gour iust defens and querrel than hardines and curage vald returne vitht in +gour hartis. and fyrst +ge suld considyr the pepil, # and the titil of them that persecutis +gou be on iust veiris. quhen # +ge hef veil socht the verite, +ge sal fynd that it is the false blude # that discendit of sergestes and engestes quhilk var tua saxons that cam vitht aleuin thousand saxons fra thair auen cuntra to # support and supple the kyng of grit bertan+ge quhilk is nou callit ingland quha vas opprest be cruel ciuil veyris. than eftir # that thir tua saxons hed venquest the enemes of the kyng of # bertan+ge, thai trasonablie banest the rythteus kyng and his posterite fra the realme. and sen syne that false blude hes possest that # cuntre violently be tyrranye, and the maist part of thay tirran # kyngis that hes succedit of that fals blude, hes beene borreaus to # their predecessours as the cronikls of ingland makis manyfest, as of

henry the first of that name quhilk vas banest fra the crone, Siklik henry the thrid vas banest fra the crone be his second sone Richart, ihone kyng of ingland gart slay the heretours of his predecessours and brukit the realme tuenty +geirs and syne ther eftir he vas banest and eftir that kyng eduard vas gart dee meserablye in preson, syklik Richart the sycond vas # cruelly slane be his auen men, and ther eftir henry the saxt lossit # his liyf be eduard the thrid of that name, than eftir hym succedit rechart the thrid quha gart sla the childir of eduard the # third, and sa brukit the cuntre certan tyme and ther eftir vas exilit fra the crone, and henry the seuynt be the support and supple of the kyng of France gat the crone of ingland, and sa none of them hed rytht to the crone of ingland ergo thai hef na titil to the crone of scotland. Al this veil considerit suld inflam +gour hartis vitht curage to resist ther cruel vrangus # assaltis & to menteme be vail+geantnes the iust defens of +gour natyf # cuntre. +ge knau quhou thai and there forbears hes beene +gour ald # mortal enemes tuelf hundretht +geiris by past makand cruel veir # contrar +gour predecessours be fyir and suerd, dayly distroyand +gour feildis villagis and buroustounis, vytht ane ferme purpos to denud scotland fra +gour generatione, and there vas neuer # faitht nor promes kepit be them bot aye quhen +ge beleifit til hef hed masit sure pace betuix +gou and them than thai lay at the vacht lyik the ald subtil doggis bydand quhil conspiratione or # discentione suld ryes amang +gou than be there austuce and subtilite thai furnest vitht money baitht the parteis aduersaris to slay doune vderis, quhilk vas ane reddy passage to gar them conqueis our realme vithtout straik of battel, throcht the occasion of the social ciuil and intestyne veyre that rang sa cruelly # throucht our cuntre. Valerius maximus rehersis ane exempil conformand to this samyn purpos quhen the atheniens and the lacedemoniens quhilkis var the tua maist famous tounis vitht in the monarche of greice thair raise ane discention and discord betuix the # said tua tounis, than darius kyng of perse quha hed euer ane ardant desyir to conqueis greice be cause the greiciens hed euer been mortal enemes til hym and til his predecessours, and speciale the toun of athenes resistit hym mair in his veyris nor did al the remanent of greice. for that cause he send his prouest # tasifernes

vitht gold and siluer to lacedemonia to furneis them in there veyris contrar the atheniens. at that tyme alcibiades # vas bannest fra athenes and excommunicat be the prestis of there tempil, eftir the consuetude of there lau, than alcibiades past for refuge to the lacedemoniens quha var mortal enemes to the atheniens, he vas resauit rytht honorabilye and gat gryt credit amang them quhilk vas occasion that throcht his consel and throu the gold that the prouest tacifernes hed brocht to lacedemonia fra his maister kyng darius, the lacedemoniens tryumphit contrar the atheniens. alcibiades persauand that lacedemonia vas aperand to be superior of athenes he said to the prouest of kyng darius. schir +ge suld nocht furneis the lacedemoniens vitht sa grit quantite of god and siluer contrar athenes, for gif athenes be conquest be the lacedemoniens than the lacedemoniens sal be superiors of al greice: and fra tyme that thai be pacibil gouuernours of greice and hes no ciuil veyris, discord, nor discention amang them, than doutles thai sal intend veir contrar +gour maister darius kyng of perce, as there forbears did in alld tymis. there for i think it maist # conuenient that kyng darius furneis lacedemonia bot vitht sa mekil money as may keip them on venquest be the atheniens, and als it var verray necessair that kyng darius furnest the atheniens vitht sa mekil money as may resist the lacedemoniens, and that sal gar al the cuntrey of greice hef perdurabil veyr amang them selfis, and than kyng, darius may eysily conqueis greice vitht litil dommage to his cuntrey. the prouest of darius # adherit to the counsel of alcibiades, and send nocht sameikil monye to the lacedemoniens as mytht gar them conqueis athenes, not +git he send nocht so litil money that throcht necessite thai suld leaue or desist fra the veyris. of that samyn sort he send # money to athenes to defend them contrar the lacedemoniens. and sa be the counsel of alcibiades darius kyng of perce conqueist # mair of greice, vitht ane hundretht tallentis that he distribuit # secretly amang the grecians to menteme there ciuil veyris ilk ane # contrer vderis, nor he conquest be forse, vitht ten thousand # tallentis. As hary the eycht kyng of ingland did to the empriour & to the kyng of Frence in the +geir of gode ane thousand fiue # hundretht tuenty foure +geris, he professit hym self to be neutral

bot +git he furnest the empriour vitht sex thousand fut men # and tua hundretht lycht horse on his auen expensis quhen the kyng of France vas past ouer the alpes tho seige paue ande alse # that samyn kyng hary lennt to the kyng of France aucht scoir of thousandis engel noblis of the quhilk the empriour vas surly aduertest. for quhen the kyng of France ande his armye var deffait be the duc of Burbon, the viceroy of naples, the # marquis of pesquaire, and the marquis of gonnast, thir said princis gat in the spul+ge of the France men, the kyng of Francis pose, quhilk vas al in engel noblis, and alse thai gat the kyng of inglandis preua vriting quhilk he hed sende to the kyng of France at he seige of paue. of this sort the kyng of ingland playit vitht baytht the handis, to gar the empriour and the kyng of France ilk ane distroye vthirs (O +ge my thre sonnis) the discention & discord that ryngis amang +gou hes done mair distructione til our realme nor quhen the gryt armye & pouer of ingland inuadit +gou. the experiens of this samyn is # manifest quhou that the kyngis of ingland hes bene mair solist to hef pace & fauoir of scotland quhen iustice & concord gouuernit the thre estaitis, of scotland nor tyl hef hed the fauoir & # pace of al the riche realmis that the empriour possessis, and in # opposit quhen the kyngis of ingland persauis, discord discentione, # ciuil veyris, iniusteis & diuisione vitht in scotland than thai # forgie fen+get querrellis contrar our realme, in hope that ilk scottis man sal be mortal enemye til his nycthbour. Quhar for i exort +gou +gou my thre sonnis that +ge be delegent to remeide +gour abusions of the tymis by past, quhilk sal neuir cum til # effect, bot gyf that +ge remoue & expel discentione discord, and # hatrent that ringis amang +gou for gyf +ge be enemeis to +gour selfis, # than quhy suld the kyngis of ingland be accusit quhen thai intend veyris contrar +gou considerant that thai hef bene euyr +gour # ald enemeis i vald spere quhat castel can be lang kepit quhen the enemeis seigis if cruelly vitht out, and vitht in the said # castel ther ringis mortal feyr amang the soudartis men of veyr # quhilkis suld lyf in ane mutual & faythtful accord in deffens of the # said castel contrar extreme violens? this veil considrit suld be # occasione to gar +gou expel hatrent diuisione & auaricius lyffing furtht of +gour hartis, & alse it suld prouoke +gou to remembir # of

the nobil actis of +gour foir fathers & predecessours, quha deffendit this realme be there vail+geantnes, & alse reducit # there liberte, quhilk vas ane lang tyme in captiuite, be the # machination of +gour ald enemes as +ge may reid in diuersis passis of +gour cronikillis. And sen +ge knau that god hes schauen sic fauoir to +gour foirbearis, throcht the quhilk thai hef venqueist # thair enemes and brocht the realme be visdome & manhede in sykkyr pace quhou beit thai var onequal baytht in nummer & puissance to +gour ald enemes, +ge suld mak ane mirrour of there nobil actis. for sen +ge knau that +gour ald enemes hes intendit to conqueis & to subdieu +gou to there dominione nocht throcht there manhede & visdome bot rather throcht the discentione that ringis amang +gou, +ge suld schau +gou verteous & # vail+geant in +gour rytht defence. for quhen +ge ar in accord & lyuis in tranquilite, +gour ald enemes sendis ther imbassadours to # desyre pace & fauoir quhilk is mair necessair to them nor it is # honest, considering of there grit pouer & mytht be see & be land. bot nochtheles the mair reches that thai posses the mair schame redondis to them, & the mair gloir is +gouris, sen thai hef # beene venquist be +gou diuerse tymes quhome thai held maist vile and febil, and nou sen +ge knau the apering dangeir of +gour natif cuntre +ge suld prudently consult to escheu al dangeir and to begyn sic gude ordour +ge suld prouide al vays too remoue # discentione sedetione and auricius lyffyng, quhilk may induce hatrent inuy and rancor amang +gou, to that effect that ilk # persone may lyf eysylye on his auen iust conques, and that none of the realme hef occasione to do extorsions til vthyris. for # sic gude pollycie veil ordorit sal cause the cuntre to increse in gloir honour and reches and dreddor to +gour enemes. quha ar verray solist and vigilant to conques +gou, ther prouisione of diuerse sortis is vonder grit, nocht alanerly be gryt multitude of men of veyr and ane grit nauen of schipis be seey burde, # bot as veil be secret machinatione to blynd +gou be auereis # presentand to +gou gold siluyr and grit promessis of heretagis to # persuaid +gou to commit traison contrar your faitht honour and comon veil quhilk is ane rycht passage to bring +gou and +gour # posterite til ane vile & final exterminatione. vald +ge maturly consydir the subtilite of inglismen +ge sal fynd them aperand faithtful # and

humain in thair aduersite, bot quhen thai ar in prosperite # thai ar ingrat tirrans and cruel abuf al vdir natione. Och quhou dangerus is it, til ony sort of pepil til hef ane cruel tirran # ryngand abuf them, and to eschaip sic tirranny +gour forbears hes # debatit +gour cuntre this mony +geiris be grit manhede and visdome. quhou beit it vas in dangeir to be in final euersione. the # croniklis vil certifie +gou quhou thae +gour nobil predecessours and # foir bears var slane and the comont pepil brocht to vile seruitude ane lang tyme be the saxons blude, and +git sic calamite and persecutione indurit bot for ane tyme. for god almythty that knauis +gour iust defens hes euer schauen gryt fauoir touart # +gou, therfor +ge suld tak curage in +gour iust querrel. +ge hef no # cause to dispayr for falt of supple, for +gour predecessours hes # been in mair dangeir quhen +gour strynthis and castellis hes nocht # been sa defensabil, nor +git the cuntre heffand supple of na # forane prince. It is tideous to rehers the grit calamiteis the sair battellis # and the cruel slauchtyr that vas cruelly exsecutit on scottis men, and to conclude, al the cuntre vas in extreme subiectione fourty +geirs and possest be our ald enemes. Bot nochtheles god almythty valknit vitht his grace the hartis of +gour # predecessours, as he did to sampson Dauid and iudas macchabeus contrar the enemes of Israel, quhair for al +gour cuntre vas delyuerit fra captiuite to the grit domage of reches and effusione of blude on +gour ald enemes. +ge vait veil that the ciuil and intestyne # veir and the discentione and discord and rancor that ryngis amang +gou is the speciale cause of the inglismen[{n{]is inuasions # and of +gour miserite, for +gour ald enemes quhou beit of ther # puissans vald neuer hef maid sic incursions ande hairschips on the # bordours and limitis of +gour cuntre, var nocht +gour selfis maid ane reddy passage to them throcht the occasione of +gour auen discentions that ryngis amang +gou. ther for it is necessair # that +ge al perpend that sic discentione be nocht the cause of # +gour auen distructione and final ruyne of +gour natione. the kyng # of ingland knauand the discention that ryngis amang +gou, he vil tret cheris and promes grit reches til ony of +gou that vil # adhere til hym contrar +gour comont veil, bot fra tyme that he get

dominione of the cuntre +ge sal be his sklauis in extreme # seruitude, +gour vyfis and dochteris, deflorit be the onbridilit lust of +gour ald enemes, and violently led auay befoir +gour facis be the extreme lauis of the veyr. +gour gold and siluyr and vthir gudis public and priuat sal be distribut and disponit amang them, the frutis and cornis of +gour grond to be vsit at ther dispositione, and +ge sal be compellit to laubir the naikyt # feildis vitht +gour auen handis to there proffet. +ge sal nocht # alanerly be iniurit be euil vordis bot als +ge sal be violently # strykkyn in +gour bodeis, quharfor +ge sal lyf in mair thirlage nor brutal bestis quhilkis ar thirlit of nature. And ony of +gou that # consentis til his fals conques of +gour cuntre +ge sal be recompenssit as +gour forbears var at the blac perliament at the bernis of # ayre quhen kyng eduard maid ane conuocatione of al the nobillis of scotland at the toune of ayre, vndir culour of faitht and concord, quha comperit at his instance, nocht heffand # suspitione of his tresonabil consait, than thai beand in his subiectione vndir culour of familiarite, he gart hang cruelly and # dishonestly to the nummer of sexten scoir of the maist nobillis of the cuntre. Tua and tua ouer ane balk. the quhilk sextene # scoir var cause that the inglismen conquest sa far vithtin +gour # cuntre. Ze may reid the croniklis of al cuntreis and +ge sal fynd that quhen forain princis hes violentlye but iust titil gottin # dominatione on vthir cuntreis than in the begynnyng thai haue tretit and flatterit the principal inhabitans quhil on the tyme that thai var pacebil dominatours. and there eftir thai haue vsit # there dissymilit intent on the pepil, and hes distroyit them, as # kyng eduard did at the bernis of ayre befor rehersit. There is ane exempil conformand to this samen purpos rehersit be valerius maximus and in titus liuius quhou that tarquinus superbus the sext kyng of rome quhilk maid cruel veyre contrar the cite of gabine til hef hed it subdeuit to the dominione of rome. bot that nobil cite deffendit there liberte rytht vail+geantly. # his sone sextus tarquinus vas in grit melancolye be cause his father # culd nocht conques that cite be fors nor be loue nor +git be # flattery. ther for he departit fra his father vitht ane fen+get # displeseir and past to the cite of gabine makand ane pitteus complaint on the crualte of his fader contrar hym, prayand to them of gabine

that thai vald be his deffens contrar his father, and he sal be subiect to that cite in perpetual. the cite of gabine throcht there facilnes gef hasty credit to sextus tarquinus and # resauit hym and trettit hym be grit familiarite. than day be day be # his fayr vordis thai gef hym credens, in sic ane sort that al the pepil be cam obedient til hym. than he send ane of his # familiaris til his fader tarquinus superbus declarand quhou he hed # conqueist the fauor of al the pepil, desyrand his fatheris counsel quhou he suld vse hym to hald them in subiectione. the messager of sextus past to tarquine superbe declarand his message quhar he gat ald tarquine in ane garding, bot ald tarquine gef nay answer to the messanger, bot tuike his staf and syne past throcht his gardin and quhar that he gat ony chasbollis that greu hie, he straik the heidis fra them. vitht his staf, and # did no thyng to the litil chasbollis. the messengeir gat nay ansuer # be tong fra ald tarquine bot returnit til gabine til his maister # sextus tarquinus quha askit ane ansuer of his message. the messenger tald quhou his father sen nay ansuer be tong, bot past vp and doune his gardyng vitht his staf cuttand doune the hie # chasbollis. than sextus tarquinus kneu veil his fatheris mynd, that his counsel vas to strik of al the hedis of the principal men # of the cite of gabine, and than the remanent of the pepil durst nocht reuolt contrar hym. of this sort the nobil cite of # gabine vas disauit be flatterye and facilnes of gyffing credit til # ane tirrane. sextus tarquinus vsit his father counsel for # he distroyit and sleu al the principal lordis of gabine as kyng eduard did to the lordis of scotland at the bernis of ayre. The # onfaithful cruel act that kyng henry the aucht vsit contrar yrland and # valis quhen he becam ther superiors suld be mirrour and ane exempil til al scotland, for he vsit the samen practik contrar irland # and valis as sextus tarquinus exsecut on the cite of gabine, and # as kyng eduard exsecutit on the barrons of scotland at the bernis of ayre, for quhou beit that the kyng of ingland nou present be discendet of the blude of valis, +git nochtheles the pepil # of valis ar in sic subiectione that thai dar neuer ryde bot iiij # to giddir, and als that nane of them sal cum vitht in the mane cuntre of ingland vitht out ane certificat fra the sceref to # gar it be knauen that thai hef sum speciale byssynes vitht in # ingland.

and als ther sal nane that is borne in valis beyr office in # valis, nor +git in ingland. and alsa the principal men of valis ar # subiect to pas to the veyris in propyr person contrar scotland or # contrar France quhen euer thai ar chargit be the kyng of inglandis lettris. Bot at he first apoyntement that vas accordit betuix the kyng of ingland and the lordis of valis he promest them grit liberte quhil he hed resauit the castellis and strynthis # of valis and hed put inglis captans in them. bot incontinent ther efter he gart strik the heidis fra al the lordis of valis, and fra # the principal barronis. and syklik to spek of irland, quhen the # kyng of ingland vas accordit vitht the lordis of irland and that he # hed resauit ane certan of castellis and sum of the principal # tounis, than ane lang tyme eftir he tretit the lordis of irland vitht # fayr vordis and gef them riche gyftis, quhil he be his subtilite # gart tue[{l{]f of them cum to london, quha cam at his command be cause thai dreid na cruelte. than incontynent he gart strik # the hedis fra the said tuelf lordis of irland. and sen sine al the # irland men ar sklauis til hym excepand ane certan that kepis them sel on the strait montanis of irland, quhilkis vil nocht obeye to # his tyrranye for thai hed rather remane in cald and hunger in the vyild forestis ande hillis at there liberte, nor for to be in # his captiuite to be hangit and hedit as he hes dune causles til # mony vthyr innocent men. The extortione that the kyngis of ingland hes dune to +gour predecessours is manifest to +gou al. the # chroniklis makis manifest quhou that kyng eduard eftir that he hed ouer run al +gour cuntre and hed brocht al the pepil til # extreme captiuite, quhar for compulsione and necessite causit them til obeye and to mak homage til ingland. than the crualte of this said kyng eduard nocht satesfet nor saceat, he brocht fra # ingland ane hundretht thousand men, and als he brotht ane freir vitht hym callit conraldus the quhilk freir hed commissione to mak ane chronikil of the actis that kyng eduard and his hundretht tousand men suld do in scotland. this said grit armye of # ingland beand befor bannochtburne, kyng eduard maid ane perlament vitht in his camp vitht ane certan of statutis & ordinance # quhilk vas put in vryit be the said freir This vas the tenor of the # said ordinance. in the fyrst he ordand thre vaupynschauyngis to be maid al on ane day in scotland be scottis men in thre of the

farrest placis of scotland, as in til the marse, in gallouaye, # and in the northt of scotlande and at thay vappynschauyngis, al the vaupynis and armour of scotland to be delyuerit to the inglismen to be kepit in castellis quhil on the tyme that the kyng of ingland intend to mak veir aganis vthyr cuntres. the nixt statut he ordand that na scottis man suld veyr na vaupyn bot ane knif of fife inche of lyntht vithtout ane point. in the thrid statut he ordand that na scottis man suld duel in ane house that vas loftit bot rather in ane litil cot house. in # the ferd he ordand that na scottis man suld veir ony clais bot hardyn cotis, in the fyft artikle he ordand that the scottis men of # scotland suld be partit in thre partis, the first part suld remane in scotland to laubeir the cornis on the grond. the sycond part suld be send in ingland to be seruandis to laubyr thair grond, and the thrid part of them of the best lyik men, suld be # banest fra scotland and to hef ane lecens to pas in ony straynge # cuntre to seik ther gude auenture. This cruel ordinance vas maid in the kyng of ingland campt be for bannothtburne, he beleifit at that tyme that al vas his auen. than god almythty quhilk beheld his pryde and arrogance and his onmerciful intent, he valknyt vitht his spreit the hartis of the nobil men of # scotland the quhilkis in ane feu numer cam vitht ane hardy curage # contrar kyng eduard and sleu thretty thousand of his men, and chaissit hym self thre scoir of mylis vitht in ingland And # in ther returnyng hamuart thai vaistit and brynt northt humyrland and mony vthir plaicis of ingland. this battel vas fochtyn at # bannothburne as the inglis croniklis rehersis mair large. then quhan the tentis pail+gons & spoul+ge of the inglis armye vas tane & # gaddrit vp be scottis men, thai gat the forsaid inglis freir conraldus vithtin kyng eduardis tent, & als thai gat thyr forsaid # artiklis & ordinance quhilk the inglismen purposit to execut on the scottis men, bot inglismen tuik nocht god to be their # cheiftane, bot rather vsit there auen arrogant mynde therfor their gryt pouer hed na grace to fulfil ther entreprice. this exempil is vondir probabil that inglismen vil vse this samyn crualte on +gou al, gif sa beis that +ge cum subiect to them. +ge knau # that thir tuelf hundretht +geirs thai leit +gou neuyr hef pace xvi +geir # to giddir, bot +git ther tyrranye redondit aye to their auen # dishonestye and domage. and quhou beit at sum tyme +gour cuntre

gat grit skaytht be them, sic thing suld nocht gar +gou tyne +gour curagis for the chancis of veir ar nocht certan to na # party, al thir vordis befor said ar rehersit to that effect that # +gour facilnes be nocht sedusit be ther astuce and subtil persuasions. Titus liuius rehersis ane exempil in his nynt beuk conformand to # this samyn purpos, quhilk vas eftir the fundatione of rome 420 +geris at that tyme their vas in rome tua consulis, ane callit # titus viterius and the tothyr callit spurnius posthunius, quha var committit to be cheiffis and captans of the armye of the romans to pas contrar the samnetis, quhilkis he maid mortal veyr thertty +geir to giddir contrar rome. the captan of the # samnetis vas callit pontius, quhilk vas the sone of ane vail+geant man # callit hereneus, quha vas exempit fra the veyris and fra the gouernyng of the public veil, be raison of his grit aige. The grit armye # of the samnites campit them secretly besyde and place callit furce caudide, the quhilk place hed ane narrou entres & narrou # isching and vitht in it, their vas mony cragis and vyild treis. that # place stude betuix tua strait montanis inhabitabil and onmontabil. In the myddis of it their vas ane large grene plane feild. # than quhen the samnetis var their logit and campit, thai var # aduertist be ther exploratours and spyis quhou that the romans var campit neir them in ane place callit calacia. than pontius the captan of the samnetis causit ten of his knychtis to cleitht # them lyik hyrdis, and he gef them cattel nolt and scheip to keip, giffand them command to pas vitht the cattel on the feildis be syde the romans, and ilk ane in ane syndry part be hym self, sayand to them, gif ony of the romans cumis and inquiris at # ony of +gou, quhair our armye is campit, +ge sal ansuer that ve ar past to apuilya to gif ane assalt to the cite of lucere, # quhilk partenis to the romans than thir neu maid hyrdis past vitht bestial, quhar thai var recontrit be the forreours and # exploratours of the romanis, quha led them al ten befor the tua consulis that var captans to the romans. quhen thir ten hyrdis var exemnit seueralie ilk ane be hym self quhar the samnete armye vas campit. thai ansuerit as ther captan pontius hed giffin # them command, to the quhilk vordis the romans gef credit, be rason

that thai al beand ane be ane examinit condiscendit in ane ansuer. than the romans heffand sic ane feruent loue to the cite of lucere, quhilk vas of their anciant alya, thai raisit # ther camp to pas to reskeu lucere fra the samnetes. ther vas tua passagis to pas betuix the romans camp and lucere, the first passage vas plane and plesand be the see syde, bot it vas ouer lang about, the nixt passage vas ful of roche cragis and # verray strait and narou, bot +git that passage vas verray schort. # than the romans for haist that tha hed to saif that cite of lutere, thai tuke that narrou passage, and quhen thai var entrit in it the samnetes be grit subtilite hed gart cut doun grit # treis & brac doune roche cragis quhilkis thai pat in grit numer at # the entres and at the ischyng furtht of that strait passage, and # als thai set mony of ther men of veir amang the cragis to empesche the romans that thai culd nothir returne nor +git to pas # forduart. quhen the romans var disauit of this sort, thai var lykly to dispayr for the displesier and melancole that affligit them, # bot the samnetes var vondir glaid fra tyme that thai hed the # romans in that pundfald quhar thai culd nothir fecht nor fle, deffend nor resist, bot on verray neid thai behuffit to remane vencust vitht out straik or battel. the samnetes beand in this grit # blythtnes be cause of ther happy chance, thai determit to send ane # message til ald herenius quha vas the father of ther captan pontius # til hef his opinione and consel quhou thai suld vse them contrar the romanis, that thai hed closit vithtin them. this ald # herenius send his ansuer and consel, and bald the samnetes gyf the # romans ther fre liberte to pas hame saue vitht out hurt of ther # honour bodys or guidis. the armye of the samnetes nocht beand # satesfit nor contentit of this ansuer of herenius. thai send the # messenger agane til hym til hef ane bettir consel. than ald herenius # send ane vthir ansuer and bald them slaye al the romans and nocht to lat ane of them return vitht ther lyif, quhen the samnetes herd the tua discordabil consellis of herenius, thai culd # nocht meruel aneucht of his onconstant ansuer, quhar for pontius his sone suspekit that his father dottit in folie throcht his # grit aige, +git noththeles he vald nocht conclude na exsecutione # contrar the romans quhil he hed spokyn vitht his father, therfor

vitht the consent of the samneties he send for his father to # cum to their camp. quha cam at his command, in ane charriot be cause he mytht nothir ryde nor gang be cause he vas decrepit for aige. he beand aryuit his sone pontius sperit quhou he # suld vse hym contrar the romans that var inclosit betuix the tua strait montans. the ald herynyus changit nocht his tua fyrst consellis that he hed send to them bot +git he declarit to them the cause of thyr tua defferent consellis sayand. my sone # pontius and +ge my frendis of samnete, the first consel that i send to # +gou the quhilk i think for the best, that is to say i consellit # +gou to thole al the romans and ther guidis depart saifly in liberte # but ony hurt or displeseir, than throtht that grit benefice that # +ge hef schauen to them, of ther free vil & vitht ane guide mynde, thai vil allaya them vitht +gou quhilk sal cause ferme and # perpetual pace to be betuix rome and samnete, the tothir consel that i send to +gou i ordand +gou to slay doune al the romans and nocht to saif ane of them, for than it sal be ane lang tyme or the romans can purches sa grit ane armye contrar +gou. & sa +ge maye lyif in pace and surete ane lang tyme considerand that the grit pouer and the maist nobilis of rome ar in this # present armye inclosit to giddir. ane of thir tua consellis is necessar # to be vsit, and the thrid consel can nocht be gifin to +gou for # your veilfair. than pontius and the princis of samnete nocht beand contentit of thir tua consellis, inquyrit at ald herenyus # sayand. ve think it bettir to tak ane myd vaye betuix vs and them to saif their lyiffis and to resaif them as vencust pepil and # ther eftir ve sal mak strait lauis and ordinance quhilk ve sal # compel them til obeye. ald herynyus ansuert. that sentens says he # purchessis na frendis nor it makis na reconsiliatione of enemes, therfor +ge suld animaduert varly to quhat pepil that +ge # purpos to vse sic iniurius rigor, for +ge knau the nature of the # roman pepil is of sic ane sort, that gif thai resaif oultrage and # beis vencust be rigor be +gou, thai can neuer hef rest in ther # spreit quhil that thai heif reuengit +gour crualte, for thai ar of # ane vendicatife nature, and the displeseir that sal resaif be +gou sal euer remane in their hartis quhil thai hef reuengit the iniurius defame that +ge haue perpetrat contrar them. thyr tua sentensis of herynyus var repulsit and nocht admittit, therfor # he departit and returnit in his chariot to samnite to end the # residu

of his days. the romans beand inclosit betuix thir tua montans thai purposit mony maneyrs to ische furtht fra that strait # place & to pas to fecht in fair battel contrar the samnetes, bot al # ther laubyr vas in vane, for thai var sa strait closit that thai # culd nothir pas bakuart nor forduart than thai sen ther legatis to desire concord and pace at the samneties or els to desire # battel on the plane feildis. pontius ansuert to the legatis of the # romans, quod he the battel is fochtyn al reddy, & quhou beit that +ge # ar al vencust +git none of +gou vil confesse +gour euil fortoune # ther for ve gif +gou for ane final ansuer that al +gour armye sal # be spul+git of +gour armour and of +gour clais except ilk ane sal # hef ane singil coit on +gou, & ther eftir ve sal put +gour cragis # in ane +goik to be ane perpetual takyn that +ge ar vencust be vs, and alsa +ge sal delyuer til us the villagis castellis and vthir # placis the quhilkis +gour predecessours conquest fra vs in ald tymis, and alsa +ge sal lyif and obeye til our lauis. and gif this ansuer # vil nocht content the romans, i gif +gou expres charge that +ge # returne nocht heir agane. the legatis of the romans returnit to the # camp of the romans vitht the ansuer of pontius the quhilk ansuer did mair displeseir to the romans nor that pontius ansuer hed been to sla them al cruelle, for in ald tymes ther culd nocht be # ane gritar defame nor quhen ane mannis crag vas put in the +goik be his enemye, for that defame and punitione vas haldin mair abhominabil and vile nor the punitione that trespassours # indurit in the galeis for demeritis. bot +git ther vas no remeid to # saif the romans, therefor extreme necessite vas resauit for vertu. than throcht the counsel of ane nobil romane callit lucius lentulus thai condiscendit to cheis the leyst of tua euillis and til # indure that vile punitione rather nor til hef been cruelly slane. than the cruel samnetes ordand the instrument of the +goik of this sort as i sal rehers ther vas tua speyris set fast in the # eyrd, and ane vthir speyr set & bundyn athort betuix the tua speyris # that stude vp fra the eyrd lyik ane gallus, than the desolat and vencust romans var constren+get to pas vndir that +goik ane # and ane, bot the tua consellaris quhilkis var captans to the # romans thai var compellit to pas fyrst undir that +goik vitht out # their harnes or vaupynnis, than the remanent of the romans follouit ilk ane eftir his auen degre. on euerye syde of this +goik # ther vas ane legione of the armye of samnetes vitht ther sourdis drauen

in ther handis quhar thai manneist and scornit the sillie # romans that var in that gryt vile perplexite. O +ge my thre sonnis, # this defame and vile punitione of the samnites perpetrat contrar the romans, vas verray cruel, bot doubtles, thai that ar # participant of the cruel inuasione of inglis men contrar their natyue cuntreye, ther craggis sal be put in ane mair strait +goik nor the samnetes did to the romans, as kyng eduard did til scottis men at the blac parlament at the bernis of ayr quhen he gart put the craggis of sexten scoir in faldomis of cordis tua and # tua ouer ane balk of the maist principal of them that adherit til hym in his oniust querrel quhen he vrangusle brotht mekil of scotland in his subiectione. this protector of ingland # purposit til vse this samyn crualte in the +geir of god ane thousand # fyfe hundretht fourty seuyn +geris in the monetht of marche quhen the vardan of the vest marchis of ingland cam to hald ane # vardan court on the vest marchis of scotland vitht in the schirefdome of galloua as scotland hed been in pacebil subiectione to the crone of ingland, bot as god vald the maister of maxuel the lard of drumlanrik and diuerse vthir nobil barronis and gentil men cam vitht ane hie curage contrar the inglismen, quhome thai venquest vail+geantlye, and sleu ane grit part of them # and tuke ane vthir part of them presoners, and chaissit the thrid part of them ten myle vithtin ingland, and ther eftir the # barronis & gentil men of oure vest cuntre gat the inglismens spul+ge # vitht in the quhilk spul+ge thai gat tua barrelis ful of cordis and euerie cord bot ane faldome of lyncht vitht ane loupe on the end al reddy maid quhilk thai ordant til hef hangit sa mony scottis men as thai purposit til hef venquest at that iournay. # Than to quhat effect suld ony scottis men gif credens or til adhere til inglesmen. our croniklis rehersis of diuerse scottis men # of al staittis that hes past in ingland sum hes past for pouerte and # sum hes past in hope to lyue at mair eyse and liberte nor thai did in scotland and sum hes been denunsit rebellis be the # authorite quhilk vas occasione that thai past in ingland for refuge # quhom the kyngis of ingland hes resauit fameliarly and hes trettit # them and hes gifin them gold and siluir the quhilk he did nothir # for piete nor humanite bot rather that thai suld help to distroye

there auen natif cuntre, bot +git he vald neuer gif them # heretage nor credit, for the experiens of the samyn is manifest # presentlye. for quhou beit that there be abufe thre thousand scottis men and there vyfis and childir that hes duellit in ingland thir # fyftye +geir by past, and hes conquest be there industre batht # heretage and guidis, +git nocht ane of them dar grant that thai ar # scottis men, bot rather thai man deny and refuse there cuntre, there surname, and kyn & frendis, for the scottis men that duellis in the southt part of ingland thai suere and mentemis that thai var borne in the northt part or in the vest part of ingland, # and scottis men that duellis in the vest or in the northt of # ingland, thai man suere and menteme that thai var borne in kynt schire +goirke schire in london or in sum vthir part of the southt # partis of ingland: than to quhat effect suld ony scottish men adhere til inglis men to gar them selfis be cum sklauis and to remane in perpetual seruitude, ther for ve may verray veil belief # that quhou beit that the kyng of ingland garris tret scottis men vitht gold and siluer as thai var his frendis +git doutles he # vald be rytht glaid sa that euerye scottis man hed ane vthyr # scottish man in his bellye. and als fra tyme that god sendis # tranquilite amang princis, thai that ar maist familiar vitht the protector sal be haldin maist odius in ingland and euerye inglis knaif # sal cal them dispytfully renegat scottis and gif ony of them # passis to the protector to regret and lament the abstractione of his familiarite that he scheu to them in the begynnyng of the # veyris, he vil ansuer to them as agustus cesar ansuerit til ane captan of thrace callit rhymirales qua betrasit his maister anthonius & past to remane vitht agustus cesar quha vas mortal enemye til anthonius. than be the supple of rhymirales, agustus cesar vehquest antonius, than quhen the veyris var endit betuix # cesar and antonius rhymirales vas nocht sa veil trettit as he vas indurand the tyme of the veyris quhar for he past til cesar sayand. O nobil empriour i hef left my cuntre and my maister anthonius for +gour pleseir and i hef been the cause that +ge # hef venquest my maister anthonius & nou +ge schau me nocht sa grit loue and familiarte as +ge scheu me in the tyme of the # veyris quharfor +ge haif schauen +gou rycht ingrat contrar me. Cesar ansuerit to rhymirales i vil hef na familiarte vitht +gou for # i loue

bot the trason that cumis to my effect and louis nocht the # tratours that committis the trason. this forsaid exempil maye be veil applyit til al scottis men that beleuis to get mair liberte # and honor in ingland nor thai did in scotland for this exempil # hes been prectykit thir fyfe hundretht +gers bygane til al scottis # men that hes adherit til inglis men contrar ther natyfe cuntre as # the croniklis makis manifest for quhou be it that the kyng of # ingland louis the traison that scottis men committis contrar ther # prince +git he louis nocht the tratours that committis the traison.

[}QUHOU THE AFFLIGIT LADY DAME SCOTIA ANSUERT TIL HYR ZONGEST SOUNE ANDE QUHOU SCHE REPROCHIT HYR TUA ELDEST SONNIS FOR THERE NECLEGENS IN THE DEFENS OF THERE COMOUNT VEIL. CHAP. XVI.}] O thou my +gongest soune, callit lauberaris to burgh ande land, i vil nocht gyf eyris to thy excusations nor to thy purgations, be cause, as cicero vritis in ane orison, that na # man suld be admittit to be vytnes in his auen cause. (\Noluerunt maiores nosteri, hanc patere inimicitiis viam, vt quem quisque odisset, eum testimonio posset tollere. ementiuntur enim sepe in eos, quos oderunt.\) nor +git i vil nocht adhere to thy # accusations contrar thy tua brethir, be rason that ane gilty man suld accuse no man of cryme, as crist ihesus hes gyffin ane exempil

quhen the pharaseis accusit ane voman that vas tane in # adultere, desirand his iugement quhiddir thai suld stane hyr to detht conformand to the ald testament, or gyf thai suld thole hyr to depart onpuneist. crist ansuert to the accusaris sayand, he # that is vitht out syn, sal cast the fyrst stane at hyr this exempil # makkis manifest that ane accusar suld be cleene but vice, ande alse crist ihesus hes said in ane vthir passage to the ypocritis # that accusit pure synnaris quod he +ge sal tak furtht ane grit balk furtht of +gour auen ee, ande there eftir +ge maye tak furtht # ane litil strey furtht of +gour nychcbours ee. The poiet confermis this samyn purpos, sayand, that euerye man of this varld baris tua sakkettis vitht hym. the fyrst sakket hyngis befor hym, vitht in the quhilk ar contenit al the vicis that his nychtbour committis, ande the nyxt sakket hyngis behynd his bak, vitht in the quhilk, ar contenit al the vicis that his self # committis. bot he can nocht see nor persaue his auen vicis because he seis nocht the sakket that hyngis behynd his bak, bot he seis his nychtbours faltis in the sakket that hingis befor hym (\vt nemo in sese tentat discende[{re{] nemo. sed precedente spectatur # mantica tergo.\) There for (o thou my +gongest soune) i refuse to gyf eyris or audiens to thy accusations contrar thy tua brethir be rason that ane accusar suld be cleen or he accuse his nychtbour as cicero vritis. (\Accusare debent ij qui nullo suo peccato # impediuntur, quo facilius alterius peccata demonstrate possint.\) Nor +git i vil nocht adhere to the accusations that ony ane of +gou hes contrar vthirs. Thy accusatione is vondir inuectyue contrar thy tua brethir, the fyifteen inuectyuis philipiques # of cicero contrar anthonius, excedis nocht the accusations ande calumniations that thou hes pronuncit contrar them +git # nochtheles i discomend there crualte, ande i commend nocht thy accusatione for thou ande al thy sect callit lauberaris to # burgh ande land, deseruis no les punitione, nor dois thy tua brethir nobilis ande clergie. for gyf thou ande thy sect hed as grite liberte, as hes thy tua brethir, doutles +ge vald be mair # cruel, nor the vyild beystis of the desertis of arabie. the practic # of this samyn is presently, ande euer hes been in tymes by past

sen the varld began. for as sune as +ge that ar comont pepil # ar onbridilit and furtht of subiectione, +gour ignorance # inconstance ande inciuilite, pulcis +gou to perpetrat intollerabil # exactions. for al the insurrectionis, that euyr occurrit in ony realme # contrar the prince & the public veil, hes procedit of the ignorance & obstinatione of the comount pepil. There for none of +gou suld haue liberte bot rather +ge suld be daly dantit & haldin in # subiectione, be cause that +gour hartis is ful of maleis ignorance variance # & inconstance, for the maist part of +gou al gyffis louyng tyl vicius men and +ge hald verteous men abhominabil and quhen +ge ar al conuenit to gydthir for the auansing of ane # gude purpose, +ge cry & berkis ilk ane contrar vthirs, that nocht # ane of +gou knauis quhat ane vthir sais ande quhen +ge hef flyttyn ande berkit but ryme or rason al the lang daye, +ge accord # nocht nor condiscendis prudently on ane substancial constant # purpose. and he that is the maist cummirsum cryar ande maist obstinat contrar raison, +ge reput hym for the maist prudent man of the realme, than quhen he gois, al the leaue rynnis & follouis # hym, lyik the brutal scheip that vil nocht pas throucht the slop of # ane dyik for the mannessing of there hyrd, quhil ane of the verst of the flok, mak foir gait, than al the leaue follouis. ande # al this procedis of +gour variance and inconstans i vait nocht # quhiddir, ane calme sey in vyntir, or the course of the mune, or ane mysty mornyng in symmyr, or the comont pepil, quhilk of them suld preffer vthirs in variance. Cicero confermis this sammyn purpos sayand. (\in imperitia multitudine est varietas, & inconstantia, & crebra tanquam tempestatum, sic sententiarum commutatio.\) i hed leuyr hef the iugement ande consultatione of ten prudent vyise men, nor til hef al the visdome and consaitis that ane grite multiplie of commountis can # pronunce. Cicero confermis this samyn purpose. (\grauior & validior est decem virorum bonorum prudentia, quam totius multitudinis imperitie.\) there is nocht ane mayr ignorant & ane mair blynd thyng in this varld as is til adhere to the iugement of the # comont pepil quhilk hes nothir consideratione nor rason, for al there deliberations procedis of there fyrst apprehensions. there for gyf the entrepricis of the comont pepil cummis tyl ane gude fine, fortone deseruis mair louyng nor dois there prudens. Siclyik as ane blynd man that passis in ane myrk place quhar

he hed neuir beene, & syne eschapis fra ane hurt or fra ane # fal. na vyis-men vil saye this blyind man seis cleir, for it vas chance that conuoyit hym and nocht his een, for this cause the ciuil lauis deffendis & forbiddis al monopoles and conuentions of the comont pepil be cause the maist part of them ar euil condicionet & ar obedient to there apetitis and to there # glaykyt affections. i can nocht conpair the comont pepil that ar # onbridilit, bot tyl onbeistis that ar of ane var nature nor brutal beystis. as ve maye see daly, for brutal beystis keipis ane # bettir ordour in there beystly nature nor dois onbridilit comount pepil that ar dotit vitht rason. ve maye see be experiens. # that horse nolt scheip doggis voluis lyons ande al vthir brutal # beystis, ilk ane vil deffend there auen natur contrar the violens of # vthir beystis, as cicero sais, (\bestie pro partu suo ita # propungnant. & vulnera excipiant, nullos impetus, nullos casus formident.\) # Bot it is nocht siklyik amang the pepil for euerye man settis his # felicite to distroy his nychtbour. Ande alse the ondantit brutal beystys that hes there liberte on feildis & forrestis none of # them eytis drynkis nor sleipis bot quhen ther natural appetit # requiris. nor the mail vitht the femmel committis nocht the verkis of natur, bot in the saison of generatione. bot the pepil that # hes liberte kepis nocht sa gude regement, for thai considir nothir the vertu of temporance, nor the vice of intemporance, bot rathere subiectis them selfis to saciat ony sperk of the foul # lust, that there disordinat sensual appetit prouokis them tyl # ymagine as to eyt drynk and sleip abufe mesure at al tymis, contrar # there natural appetit. ande alse to commit fornicatione adultere homocide ande diuerse vthir extorsions & iniuris contrar there nychtbour, there for tha deserue to be reput mair brutal, nor beystis that ar brutal of natur. Ande quhou beit that sum of them applyis them to vertu quhen thai ar haldin in subiection throucht the quhilk, thai be cum industreus in policie ande in conquessing of reches, be marchandreise or be mechanyc craftis, or be lauboryng of the corn landis or be seruise, # +git nochtheles, as sune as ony of them, be sic honest industreus ocupations, hes conquest grit reches or heretagis, thai be cum mair ambicius ande arrogant, nor ony gentil man, sperutual or temporal that ar discendit of the maist nobil barons of the

cuntre, ande there childir distitut of ciuilite throucht the # ignorance of there fathers ande for falt of educatione and eruditione, thai be cum vane prodig ande arrogant, be cause thai succeid sa eysilie to reches vitht out the suet of there brouis or pane # of there body, nocht heffand regarde to the fyrst pouerte of there predecessours nor of the cald hungir ande punirite that there fathirs and mothers indurit in the conquessing of sic reches. ande gyf sa beis that ony of the successours, of mecanyc men (that is to saye the successours, of lauberaris to burght ande land) be promouit til ony stait abufe there faculte, as to be saruandis to men of autorite, or to be courticians ande # officiaris to princis, or +git to be promouit to benefeissis or tyl ony # vthir digniteis abufe there qualite than arrogance makkis ypocryse manifest. conformand til ane addagia of ane of the seuyn # sapientis callit mimus publianus qua said. (\lapis index auri, aurum hominum.\) for it is the nature of the comont pepil (beand ascendit in dignite abufe there faculte) to mysken them selfis there frendis ande there familiaris. There is nocht ane mair odius thyng in this varld as quhen the successour of ane # indigent ignorant mechanyk lauberar ascendis tyl ony dignite abufe his qualite, for incontinent eftir his promotione, he myskennis god ande man. (\asperius nichil est humilis cum surgit in altum.\) # Titus liuius rehersis ane passage conformand to this samyn purpose. (\Barbarici animi est cum fortuna mutare fidem\) . there is # sum of thir mecanyc pepil heffand superflu prosperite, that refusis # the genoligie of there fathere ande mothere and alse refusis there surname, and clamis to be of the blude of nobilis ande gentil men, than quhen thai ar repute be the vulgaris to be discendit of sic genoligie, thai gloir in there pretendit kyn ande blude quhilk is occasione that there arrogance & there vane gloir garris them commit mair extorsions contrar the pepil nor dois ony vthir tirran that ar discendit of the grytest nobilis of # the cuntre. the preist of peblis speris ane questione in ane beuk that he conpilit quhy that burges ayris thryuis nocht to the thrid ayr, bot he mycht hef sperit as veil, quhy that the # successours of the vniuersal comont pepil baytht to burght & land, thryuis nocht to the thrid ayr. the solutione of this questione requiris nocht ane allogoric expositione nor +git ane glose, be rason that the text of yis [\READ +tis\] questione is nocht # obscure, ane person

that hed neuyr aduersite & hes veltht that procedit neuyr of his auen industrie & syne hes liberte. and hes neuir knauen education eruditione nor ciuilite, it is onpossibil that he can # be verteous and he that heytis vertu, sal neuyr thryue. (O my +gongest soune) this ansuer maye be sufficient to the seueir accusatione that thou hes pronuncit contrar thy tua brethir. in tyme to cum thou sal fyrst correct thy self or thou accuse thy nychtbour. [^LAMB, WILLIAM. ANE RESONYNG OF ANE SCOTTIS AND INGLIS MERCHAND BETUIX ROWAND AND LIONIS. ED. RODERICK J. LYALL. ABERDEEN: ABERDEEN UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1985. PP. 3.1-67.16.^]

Heir begynnis ane resonyng of Scottis and Inglis marchand betuix Rowand and Lyonis &c. Scottis merchand Countra man, and it be +gour pleisour: quhar go +ge to, and quhar lyis +gour besynes? Inglis merchand I go to Lyonis. Quhat be +gou +tat speris? Be +gow ane Scott? Scott. That am I, and wald haue fallowschip be +te sam way. Inglis. Do +ge nocht eschame to be callit ane Scott +tir dayis? Scott. Na, forsuyth! I do nocht knaw +tat quhy +gitt I suld be eschamit of my natioun. Inglis. +Ge Scottis will neuir cry 'Cok' quhill ane of +gow is on lyf! Bot, guid fallow, think +gow nocht +te Inglismen be guid trastie men of warre and victorius peopill, +tat dois baith ruffill +gow and +te

Frenche-men? Scott. The Inglis dois nocht ruffill ws so mekill as our awin mishaving to God and misgyding in veirfare: quha knawis how sone +te fathir sall thraw +te wand in +te fyre quharwith he bett his childring, and how sone +te Scottis maybe expert in weirfair? Inglis. +Gow do appeir juge oure weir iniust. Scott. +Ge, forsuyth, and nocht +te Scottis alane, bot also all vnaffectionat men, be +tai Inglis, be +tai Frenche, or be [{+tai{] Duche, as I beleif. Inglis. I persaue +gow haif nocht reid +te buik maid ane thousand fyf hundreth fourty twa +geir of Christ vpoun +te declaratioun of +tis instant weir begun in +te moneth of Julij of +te forsaid +geir be +te puissant prince, King Henry +te Aucht; and also +gow appeir nocht haif red ane vthir tractat sett furth and publist be Kyng Edwart and be +te Protectour and counsell of Ingland, +te quhilk is authorisat and prentit at Lundoun the ane thousand fyf hundreth fourty aucht +geiris of Christ; in +te quhilk

twa buikis ar contenit sex iust causis of +tir sevin +geiris [{of{] iust weir be-tuix the Scottis and ws Inglismen, as +te sone be iust cleir lanterne of +te day. Scott. Quhilkis be tha just causis? Inglis. The first just causis is, +gour King James the Fift did brek his appunctit meting in +Gork with our King Henry the Aucht. The second causs, +gour kyng wald nocht mak rendering of ane certane Inglis rebellis, fugitiuis in Scotland, at Kyng Henryis requeist. The thrid, +te kyngis maiestate, with his greit miseiss, being cuming in mid-wintir fra Lundoun to +Gork for to haif mett with his nephew +gour kyng, at +tat sam tym +tair wes thre or four Inglis gentillmen callit Finnekis slane be +te Scottis. The ferd, +te Scottis hes vsurpit ane pece of land on +te marchis and boundis of Ingland. The fyift caus, +te Scottis kyngis dois refuiss to mak obedience to +tair souerane kyng of Ingland. Thir fyif causis be contenit in +te buik vpone +te declaratioun of +tis weir; the sax hes happinnit laitlie sen +te begyning of +tis weir: the quhilk causis maid ws to obtene the Greit Seill of Scotland vpone +gour quene

heretrice mariage with our nobill kyng Edwart, the quhilk oblising +gow haue brokin. Thir sam sax causis is contenit in ane pretty buik be it-self. Contray-man, be nocht thir or ony ane of +tam just causis of weir, moving quhilk all +gow sall find sufficientlie and autentikle provin in +te saidis twa buikis, publist to all mennis knawlege be +te greit and weill advysit authorite of Ingland. Quhat sayis and jugeis +gow of thir two buikis and of +tair continente? Scott. To juge on tha buikis, and also on the just causis contenit in +tame, I will nocht nor sall nocht tak +te discussing +tairof on me; for quhen I say ane thing +ge will say ane vther, and swa +ge nor I nothir may aggre. Bot heireftir followis thre horssmen: quhat-evir +tai be, I am content +tat ony ane of +tame be juge quhithir +gour opinioun or myne be conforme to reasoun. Inglis. Be thir followaris Franche-men, than +tai effectionat be to +gow Scottis; be thai of ony vthir natioun than will I be content as +gow sayis.(\Messieurs! Ou aller vous, messieurs? Attendez, si vous plaist, ung peu! Dou estoes vous?\) Thre horss-men (\Nescimus quid queratis.\)

Inglis. (\Cuiates estis?\) Horss-men (\Sumus numdam mercatores proficiscentes Lugdunum.\) Inglis. (\Per comode accedit.\) Heir be graif wyiss neutrale men, as apperis. Nychtbour Scott, can +gow nocht speik Latin? Scott. Nocht mekill. Inquyre gife +tir honest men speikis and onderstandis ony vthir leid. Inglis. (\Domini mei, noscis ne loqui vlla alia lingua quam vestra vernacula et Latina lingua?\) Horss-men (\Cum adolescerimus, aliquot annos negotiati sumus Lundoni.\) Scott. Than +ge can speik Inglis?

Horss-men We do vnderstand bettir Inglis +tan we can speik. Scott. Guid schirris, quhat be +gour names, and +ge pleiss? Thomas More I am namit Thomas Moir, this vthir Jhon Fischear, and this thride the father man of Sion. Scott. Guid schir of Syon, pleis +gow heir this Inglis merchand and me comown vpone twa buikis, contenand +te causis of +tis instant weir betuix Scotland and Ingland? Howbeit +ge haif hantit in Ingland, +gitt +gour grauitie, +gour wisdome and aige maikis me nocht suspect +gow mair affectionat to Inglismen than to Scottis. Guid man of Sion Gude freindis, quhen I duelt in Ingland I hard mekill commonyng of +te Scottis and Inglis weiris, and als how +te sam hes continewit +tir mony hundreth +geiris; bot quhithir of +te twa nationis be maist culpabill +tairof, God dois knaw. Heirfor I hald +tis mater hear and weichtiar +tan may be decydit be me, bot swa thir twa my companionis geif

attendance to heir +gow reasown in +te mater, I with +tair adwyiss, God willing, sall juge na wrang. Jhone Fischear +Ge haue done weill to entir sick commonyng, quhilk will mak +te lang irksum way appeir schort. Thomas Moir We merchandis makis small gaine in tyme of weir! Inglis. Guid schiris, I say this thousand +geir Ingland neuir intret so just weir as +tis (\a contra\) +gow Scottis now, the quhilk Kyng Henry +te Aucht begouth in +te moneth of Julij, +te +geir of God ane thousand fyfe hundreth fourty twa +geiris, and +te sam oure Protectour and Greit Counsell continewis and will be +te grace of God mantene guidlie; for thai do pruife +tis weir just be sax reasonis and causis, contenit in twa prettie tractatis, autenticlie authorisate and publist to all nationis. Gife +gow, guid schirris, haue nocht reid +tame, heir I gife vnto +gow, guid man of Syon, +tir samyn tractatis, +tat +ge with +gour companionis may reid +tame. Nebour Scott, I think +gow haife red +tame. I intend to preif +te disapoynting of +te tway kyngis meting, the refusall of +te kyngis rebellis randering, the

contemptioun of +te slauchtir of +te Finnekis, the vsurpatioun of +te Inglis ground, alanerlie be +te deid selfe freslie done; the superiorite +tat Ingland hes in Scotland I sall appruife be historyis, instrumentis and recordis, with registreis. The saxt just causis of weir salbe proponit perticularlie be it-selfe, and compleitlie provin. And first of all, quhat can +gow say, nychtbour Scott, bott all +tir tractatis ar weill sufficientlie authorisate and ordourlie procedit, als by +tat the causis contenit in +tame trew and just? Thir thre honest men will abill say with +te buikis conforme to my opinioun. Scott. Giffe this be maist just weir +tat Ingland maid +tir thowsand +geiris (\a contra\) +te Scottis, than sall I mak all +gour weiris iniust, God to borrow! First of all, I ansuer to +te authorisate autentiknes of +gour two tractatis: I can nocht deny bot bayth +gour tractatis ar autentick, becaus +te buik callit (^+Te Declaratioun of Weir^) wes maid be the wysast man of Ingland, revysit be Kyng Henry +te Aucht, and +taireftir deulie prentit, as +te vthir tractat, callit (^+Te Exhortatioun for Vnioun of Scotland with Ingland^) , is autentick becaus it is maid be +te wisdome of Lundoun maturalie advysit, correctit and authorisate be +te Protectoure and be Kyng Edwardis

counsell. Bot, nebour, thay twa buikis of +gouris apperis to me nocht ordourlie procedit, becaus thai contene +te process and finale decesioun of ane grit wechtie, doubtabill questioun of weir fyftene hundreth +geiris betuix two potent realmes. Nebour, call +ge ane guid ordoure of process and ane guid sentence diffinitiue in sa wechtie, sa auld ane mater betuix so greit parteis, +tat the court of Lundoun one +te ane part alane suld propone this questioun, suld except, suld vse +tair awin domistical pruife, suld concluid and als diffine +te samyn questioun? Quhar wes +te nobilite and thre Estatis of Ingland at +tis proceding? Quhar wes Scotland, +te vthir contrary party, the quhilk wes neuer summond nor requirit to se +te proponyng and proceding and gevin of sentence vpon +tis questioun? Thus be +te absence of +te principall parteis cleirlie apperis +gour deformit and misordourit proceding in +tis mater: my pruif of improbatioun is +gour awin taill, contenit in +gour awin twa buikis. Now, guid man of Syon, pleis +gow reid thai buikis, and +taireftir +ge will find +te autentiknes of +tir two Inglis buikis sufficient, bot I traist +tat +ge sall bayth find and juge ane greit misordourit proceding of +tai sam twa buikis, conforme to my allegeance. Guid man of Syon The guidnes of ane actioun may stand with ane misordourit

proceding. Scott. Schir, I onderstand +gow nocht, for I haue nocht mekill nothir of auld nor of new leirnyng, bot I traist +tair can be na thing bayth guid and evill at ane tym? Guid man of Syon It apperis weill +gow, Scott, be nocht leirnit +te Lundoun way! +Gow, compan+geoun of Ingland, go fordwart to +te iust causis of +tis present weir. [\Inglis.\] Oure lait maistir of nobill memorie, Henry +te Aucht, publist ane buik vpone +te declaratioun of +tis weir, quharof I will report heir every substantiale poynt, becaus euerilk ane hes nocht +tat buik; the quhilk sayis +tat quhen Kyng Henry +te Sevint gaif his dochtir in mariage to Kyng James +te Ferd of Scotland he myndit lufe, amite and perpetuall freindschip betuene +te posteritie of +tame bayth. Bot how sone did it begin to faill! Scott. I say it begouth to faill at +te rute, Kyng Henry +te Sevint. For quhen twa or thre +geiris eftir +tat

mariage happynnit ane nobill Scottis knycht, Schir Robert Ker, be slane nocht honestlie be ane Inglisman callit Starret, and +taireftir detenit and mantenit in Ingland, and Kyng Henry +te Sevint, being requirit be his sone, kyng of Scotland, for justice, ansuerit how Sterrett, +te comittar of +tat slauchtir, wes fugitiue furth of all Ingland, howbeit in verite +te samyn man drew his hald and duelling about Durhame fra +te bordouris of Ingland, quhar ane Scottis-man outlaw callit [^BLANK^] fand and brocht +te samyn Sterrettis heid fra Durhame to Kynge James +te Ferd and obtenit +tairfore his pardoun of certane crymes. This Carris slauchtir is provin be +te bordouraris of Ingland and Scotland; the refusell of justice is provin be fyve sundre wryttingis of Kyng Henry +te vij. directit to his sone, Kyng James +te Ferd (+git +tir wryttingis ar remanand in our Register); also ane thousand in Ingland and als mony in Scotland remembris +te maner of Sterrettis heid-cutting and also convoying fra Durhame. Secundlie, James, erle of Arrane, returnyng in Scotland be se fra his pilgramage of Sanct Jhone in Amianis, beand drevin be tempest in Ingland, was thair foure +geiris detint, and wes nocht fred for na requeist of +te guid-sone, nor for sindre ambaxatouris sending, nor for reasoun of leag and amite +tan laitlie maid at +te mariage of +tis Inglis dochtir, quhilk proportis

+tat ane stormested schip or man suld haue fre passage throw athir Ingland or Scotland. This lang detining of +te erle of Arrane, cousing germane of James +te Ferd, and +tis present Gouernouris father, and als refusall of his libertie, may be provin be sindre nobillis and courticianis +gitt on lyfe, bayth of Ingland and Scotlandis court, and also provin be tuenty excusatorijs writtingis of Kyng Henry +te Sevint directit to his guid-sone, Kyng James +te Ferd. I haue said to +gow, nichtbour, quhat sap come fra the rute: now sall +ge heir +te fruit of +te self tre and branche. Mergaret, quene of Scotland, being to hir left be Kyng Henry +te Sevint, hir father, ane honest legacy for ane taikin of bettir memorie, scho nor hir husband culd nevir attene +te samyn fra Kyng Henry the Aucht, thair brothir. Nebour, +ge will abill ansuer +tat +te stop heirof wes becaus Henry the vij. maid nocht Schir Antony Denny and Schir William Harbret jugis of his testament, quhilkis we call executouris; or peraduentour +ge will nocht blame Kyng Henry +te Aucht for this legacyis detentioun, for gife he had delyuerit +tat legacie to +te Scottis quene, than +tair suld nocht haif bene sufficient mony for to recompance and to restore +te iniust vnlawis, exactionis tane vnder +te pretence of justice fra +te baronis and comunis of Ingland, quharof Kyng Henry +te Aucht maid conscience

and commandit in his testament sic exactionis to be restorit to the awnaris; or abill +ge will say +tat mony men of Ingland thocht +tat mony wes bettir bestowit one +te wyning of Torna in Haino. This legacie is provin be Kyng Henry the vij. testament; the refusale +tairof is provin be ambaxatouris and sindre writtingis of Kyng Henry the Aucht to his brothir and sistir of Scotland. Forther, Kyng Henry the Auch, preparand his first army (\a contra\) France, for to haue his guid-brothir mair hartlie, send ambaxatouris declarand his passage in France and how God had nocht provydit ane air of his body, tharfor him-self had concludit to caus his sistir-sone of Scotland, quha wes nerrast of lyn to him, be declarit apperand air of Ingland in Parliament. Bot, nebour, in plane (\a contra\) a-foir his passage than in France he causit +te marquess of Excestre be declarit air in Ingland. The first part heirof may be provin be +te ambaxatouris +git on lyfe, and also be sindre writingis of Kyng Henry +te Aucht, direct bayth to his sistir and guid-brothir, remanand in +te Scottis Register; for witnessing and preif +tat +te marques of Excestre wes declarit +tan apperand air, +te act of +gour Parliement proportis. Nebour, also remember +te raid of Ettale or +te first passing of Kyng Henry +te viij. in France, at +te quhilk tym +te Inglismen draif +te guidis of Merss and Teviothdaill aboue the valour of xx=m= lib., and eftir sindre requisitionis na redress maid tharfor; a fyve

hundreth on Ingless bordour and als mony Scottis previs +tis raid and refusale of redress. Nebour, thir be +te fruit of +te tre cuming of sa guid ane nobill stok; heir be the lufe, amite and mony strenge behavoris from +te guid-brothir of Ingland to +te guid-brothir of Scotland. Nebour, wald +tis vnkyndlie fruit haue +te stomok movit maid of a stane, nocht onlie +te he curage of ane +gung prince as Kyng James +te Fyft! Inglis. Countra man, +gow seikis ferdar than is requirit to oure purpoiss. Did nocht Kyng Henry +te Aucht preserue, mantene from grit danger, the tendir age of +gour kyng, James +te Fyft, and conducit him sauflie to +te riale possessioun of Scotland? Scott. Quhat +gow call mantening and conducing I knaw nocht, bot ane thing is weill knawin: +tat nothir Inglisman nor woman fra his birth to his deith reparit about him, and quhar sic naturale deutie of personage wes nocht vsit, as +ge haue hard, quha can beleif +tat King Henry +te viij. vsit liberalite towart his nepot? Call +ge preserving +gour kyng for to pas to Ardress

j=m= v=c= xx. and syne to Ballon+ge j=m= v=c= xxxiij +geir of Christ, and +tair appunctit ane amite and leag with Kyng Francise of France and causit him deturne fra +te auld leag and amite of Scotland; and +taireftir incontinent send Thomas, duik of Norfok with xv=m= weirmen in Teviothdaill, +tair to birne +te toun and abbay of Jedburgh, cast doun nyn or ten castellis and haldis of his sistir-sonis, beand of sax or sevin +geiris of aige, the Scottis Gouernour, Jhone, duik of Albanie, beand haldin in France be +te said appoyntmentis, als stryif and discord reageing amangis +te nobillis of Scotland? That at +te two metingis of +te tuo kyngis wes appunctit the forsaid leag and detenyng of our Gouernour +te tym +tat +te duik of Norphok wastit Teviothdaill is notour, and nedis na vthir pruif +tan +te deid selff. The birning of Jedburgh abbay and castellis at +tat samyn tym is provit be +te brint wallis; and be +te appoyntit deteyning of Jhone, duik of Albany in France apperit +tat +gour kyng socht, as all +gour vthir kyngis before labourit, that na wyiss nor expert man of weir suld ringne or gyd +te Scottismen, for na man at +tat tym wes mair expert in weirfair +tan +te said duik of Albany. Nebour, call +ge conducing to riale possessioun for to mantene and defend continewalie xv. +geiris nobillis fugitivis of Scotland lying alwayis in a

vait, quhen +te vncle micht noy +te nephew; and als +gour kyng for to returne agane in France and +tair appoynt +tat Kyng Francis sall nocht ayd Kyng James +te Fyift of Scotland, and incontinent +taireftir +te vncle to weir neir a +geir vpone +te nepot of xv. or xvj. +geir of aige, haifand +tan laitlie entres to +te governyng of his realme? The mantenyng of +te Scottis nobillis fugitiveis, the secund meting with Francise, and also +te weir sustenit, defendit be +te four quartaris of Scotland every tym +tair quartar about, is bettir knawin nor nedis ony pruif. This is +te vncles conducing of +te nepot to possessioun of reale estait; bot +te vncle at +tat tym seing na guid success of his weir appunctit a pece, leage and amite for the langar leuear of himself and his nepote. This pece is provin be +te Greitt Seill of Ingland in our Registre; bot how lang indurit it, and quha vthir brak it bot +te vncle? Inglis. Oure souerane kyng, Henry the viij., traistit and belevit +tat the tre come on +te ane part off ane guid stok suld haue brocht furth bettir fruit, for saldin wes it sene befoir +tat ane Scottis kyng had in mariage a dochtir of Ingland. Scott. Pairt of fruit of +tat +gour nobill stok, and also of

+te riale branchis, I haue rehersit; bot seir sindlare wes it sene +tat the heretrice of Scotland marijt sick ane kyng of Ingland, commit of sic stok as he is. God will nocht suffir sic bastard seid to ringne, and quhat his father wes I traist +te wallis of every guid toun will tell quhar abbayis stuid. I will nocht +gour lordis and ladyis reherss, quhilkis for +te trewth wes miserablie murdreit, +tair airis disherist, the spuil+ge of +gour kirkis, the extorsioun of +te +gemanrie and gentillmen; as concernyng the faith and religioun, thair actis and proclamatiounis +geirlie ane aganis ane vthir will speik quhone we be gane. Inglis. +Gour kyng send ane familiar message and desyrit oure kyng, his vncle, to appunct a meting at +Gork, the quhilk our kyng did keip with greit incommodite of his persoun in myd-wintir. Quhy suld +gour kyng disapoynt the sam in greit contempnyng of our kyngis maiestie? Scott. Nebour, +ge appeir nocht to knaw +te mater. Oure kyng neuer send nor desyrit sic meting, bot +te contrar is plane: sick meting wes desirit, solistit and menit quietlie be +gour kyng in sick sort that nocht aboue thre Scottis-men of +te Prevay Chalmer

knew +tat appoynting. Nebour, I will schew schortlie quhy +gour kyng did aggrege +te breiking of +tat meting. Therfore I sall declare the just causis of +te disapoynting: the j=m= v=c= xxxv. +geir of Christ, Charlis Imperatour conducit xxxv=m= guidlie men of weir fra Geneua in Italie be se in Provincia, haifand one his left hand Rodanus, +te greit fluid, vnpassabill bot be grit weschell, haifing in his face Kyng Francise with +te greit stranglie power of France starklie parkit, haifand on his richt hand +te hiddouis montanis of Savoy, his furnissing impeschit be tempest of sey; and seand his partie refuiss battale, he postponit that his purpoiss to a bettir tym and mair commodius place, quhilk purpoiss apperit wes to assel+ge Pareiss, +te heid toun and hert of France, or ellis for constrane +te Frenche-men to gife battell, the quhilk purpoiss almaist followit in deid eftir. Of +te quhilk purpoiss +gour kyng, Henry +te viij., suddanlie consauit ane commodius tym, as send be +te providence of God, for to callange his richt and titill of France; for all Inglis kyngis awaitis alwayis a commodius tym and concurrence for to recouer +tair pretendit richt to +te croun of France. Heirfore nochtwithstanding +te greit amite, +te twa forsaid hertlie metingis, +te leag and confideratioun maid for his awin and Kyng Francise lyiftyme, +git he concludit for to tak +te concurrence of Charlis +te Imperatouris

weir aganis France, and +tat +te mair puissantlie and suirlie he mycht vse +tis concurrence, +gour kyng desirit, solistit and menit prevalie ane meting with his nephew, kyng of Scotland, as apperit to brek him fra France and for to mantene the novationis +tan maid laitlie in Ingland of heresye. The cuming of Charlis Imperatour with his army in Province is notourlie knawin; the maner of Kyng Henry +te viij. proceding at +tis tyme and his deidis eftir following makis presumptioun quhar his mynd was +tan to France and to his nephew of Scotland. Heir now, nebour, the causis quhy the said meting wes disapunctit: it semit nocht to ane kyng to interpryss a departing furth of his realme without +te adwyiss of his Thre Estatis; it semit nocht a Catholik kyng to intercommown with a kyng seuerit fra societie of Christin men; also, suld a kyng treat and concluid greit materis without his Estatis, quhilkis behuvit bene done gife +te meting at +Gork had haldin? Suld a kyng of Scotland, haifand na air, beand apperand air to Ingland, entir in familiaritie with a hosill court quhayis dedis schamit +tame nocht nouthir guidlie nor honest be quhat way +tai procure realmis to +tair nepotis and freindis? Heir nedis nocht to be rehersit +te last Kyng Richard of Ingland and his brotheris departing from +tis wardill, nor nedis be rehersit +te actis of +gour Parliament geving and transfferring +te richt

of +te croun of Ingland fra ane to ane vthir, maid in Kyng Henry +te viij. tyme, fra Lady Marie to Elizabeth, Anna Bolonis dochtir, fra Elizabeth to Edward, sone to Jan Symmer, Annas (\pellex\) and delatrice, nocht without greit periure of all +te haill realme, now suering with Anna to be trew to hir seid bastard borne (Quene Katherine beand on lyif till sche wes poysonit, and +te duik of Rochemound quhome the kyng thocht suld ringne), and on +te morne eftir Annas heding succedit ane sponsit quene of Ingland. Swa +ge do transforme +gour estait ryale als oft as Protheus did change formis. Ferther, +tair wes neuer desyrit ane meting be-for +tis tym be +te vncle. Nychtbour, now may +ge se +tat +tis meting at +Gork wes nocht desyrit for luif, bot +tat +te samyn wes mair disapunctit +tan +te inductioun of the twa or thre mein+geonis did prevalie appunct; and also +ge may se becaus +te nephew wald nocht mak ane meting for to entir new leag preiudiciale baith to his awin realme and France, nor wald mak seductioun fra +te obseruance of +te Apostolic Sait nor wald mantene +te new fassoun of Ingland, the vncle disburdonit his inwart displesour and greif be entering of ane inextinguabill weir vpon his nephew and his realme, quharthrow +te puissance of his nephewis realme micht be debilitate and waikit, to +te effect +te

innouationis of Ingland suld nocht be interrupit nor his purpoiss (\a contra\) France empeschit be his nephew. Inglis. +Gour kyng nocht onlie disapoyntit +te meting, bot also, oure kyng being cumit to +Gork for +te obseruing of +te same meting, in +tat mene-tyme +gour kyng and his subiectis maid inuasioun in Ingland and slew certane Fynix, Inglis gentill-men. Scottis. At this slauchtir tym specifeit be +gow, the Scottis kyng come nocht neir +te Inglis bordouris be 1x. or 1xxx. score of mylis, for he wes +tan in +te inwart partis of Scotland at his progress of hunting; als he neuer knew +te inuasioun and slauchtir of +gour Fenix quhill it wes procurit be Inglis-mennis selffis and executit be Scottis leud men. For our kyngis hunting at +tat tyme thare is na vthir prufe than all Scotland; this slauchtir in +te said mater is pruvit be ane vikit wse obseruit betuix +te bordouris bayth of Ingland and Scotland, quhen for dredour of justice thai causs quietlie outlandismen for to rub or slay +tair awin nychtbouris. Inglis. +Gour kyng (\a contra\) +te leag maid betuix him and his vncle resauit and intertenit certane Inglis rebellis,

with +te refusale to rander +tame at +te requeist of his vncle, oure kyng. Scott. Countray-man, +ge speik nocht warlie in the randering of +tir +gour Inglis outlay-maen, for +ge not +gour prince of greit seueritie, quhilk +ge mene wes nocht saciate in vij. or viij. +geris persecutioun and scheddin of his awin subdittis bluid. Trewth is, in +te tyme of +tat persecutioun v. or sax auld mendicant freris, prestis, prechouris and techeraris of spirituale jurisdictioun, seikand saffete of +tair lyif, enterit in +te Scottis sanctuarye, inuiolate amangis ws vnto this day, and +tai remanit thre or four +geiris; and albeit thai had committit trasoun (\a contra\) Scotland we culd nocht be law haif drawin +tame furth of +te sanctuarie. Be +te lik ansuer +gour kyng, thre or four +geiris befor +tis instant weir, wes satisfeit; the deid self previs +tis. Inglis. Quhat say +ge to +te vsurping of oure landis and merchis of Ingland, challangit be oure commissionaris vpone +te ground, provin be ane plane evident, and restorance +tairof refusit be +gour kyng? We grantit bot thre or four aikiris of barrate mure of sobir

valoure; bot +te [{more{] it be of sobir quantite and valour, +te refusale +tairof is +te more inexcusabill. Scott. To this fourt causs of weir I speir: quhen diuerss opinionis occurris betuix twa parteis vpone +te validitie and inualiditie of ane evident, quha suld juge +tairupone? Sen +tat mater culd nocht be discussit be commissionaris of baith +te realmes, suld +gour kyng haue bene partie and also juge in his awin causs? And, geifand at +tat same pece land had pertenit to Ingland, suld +gour kyng haue mouit so haistie crewell weir for ane thing of so sobir valour, quhilk als wes nocht challangit ij=c= +geiris befor +tat tyme? (\Causas querit qui ab amicitia discedere vult.\) The pruif heirof is +te sobir valour of +te ground, and ij=c= +geiris vnchanlangit befor. Inglis. Eftir the refusale to restore +te thre or four aikiris of mure, commissionaris of baith +te realmes did proclame +tat guid ordour suld be keipit and obseruit, as wes accustummat for guid reule on +te bordouris, and siclik Lord Maxwell, Warden of +te Scottis West Merchis, did proclame guid ordour; bot he addit in his proclamatioun that the bordouraris

of Scotland suld withdraw +tair guidis from the bordouris of Ingland, and incontinent +taireftir +te Scottis bordouraris enterit in Ingland, spuil+geit our subiectis (\a contra\) +te leagis maid betuix the kyngis, quharat Kyng Henry merualit mekill and wes compellit +tairfore to furneiss +te Inglis bordouraris with a garnesoun of defence. Scott. Nebour, +tocht +gour buik culd pruif +tis our Wardanis proclamatioun, +git +te sam is ane insufficient caus of presumptioun of weir, and als so waiklie handillit +tat +te verite burstis out of euerye taill to +tame +tat knawis +te customis of bayth the realmes. The Lord Maxwell did proclame guid reule and addit +tat the Scottis suld withdraw +tair guidis from +te bordouris of Ingland: it is notourlie knawin +tat na lord, prince nor wardan in Scotland durst at +tat tyme mak sic a restrikit proclamatioun, for sic obedience had Kyng James +te Fyift, quha at +tat tyme had na occasioun to mynd weir. Also nychtbour, mak +gour buik of Declaratioun specifie the Scottis bordouraris namis, and at quhat bordour of Ingland thai enterit, and quhat guidis and quhat Inglis-men +tai spuil+geit: thaireftir +tir allegit Scottis raidis and spuil+geis of Ingland will appeir mair just causis of weir and

will mak me haif mater for to impruif +te sam gife I may. Also +ge sall vnderstand +tat the ryding and spuil+geis of prevate Scottis and Inglis vsis to be redrest at wardan courtis, and sic radis and spuil+geis is na sufficient causs for to mak weir. Bot gife +ge say +tat +te redress of sic guidis wes askit, and refusit be +te Scottis Wardan, I grant +tat the ryding and spul+geis committit be athir of +te realmes wardanis or lieutennent onlie brekis +te trewis and pece eftir +te obseruit law of bayth Ingland and Scotland, and gife our kyngis wardanis or lieutennentis maid +tir allegit spul+geis, than +gour kyng did iustlie furneiss his borderaris with garnesoun. Bot +gour kyng without ony of +tir forsaid caussis send Schir Robert Bowis as his lieutennent with ane guidlie garnesoun to mak raiddis and waisting in Scotland as a preparatiue befor weir. This is provin be Schir Robert Bowis talkin at Haldan Rig in Scotland with ane cumpany of v=m= Inglis-men of August +te xxij., the +geir of God j=m= v=c= xlij., as begyning of iniust weir declarit be +te justnes of God, quha will send ane semblable end of sic ane entirit weir quhon He thinkis tym. Bot for all +tis, our kyng wald nocht reput +te pece-breiking bot send Schir James Leirmonth to inquire giue his vncle wald nocht keip +te appoyntit leag and amitie for +te langar leuear of +tame twa. This Schir

James, persawand +te Kyng of Ingland stomocate, nocht tretable to continuew amite with his nephew, schew +tat his maistir, Kyng of Scotland, within ten +geiris befor sindre tymes had mair opportunitie to mak novatioun (\a contra\) his vncle, as quhon Guid Scalco, send be Charlis Imperatoure for tendir luif and confideratioun with +te Scottis kyng, incontinent eftir +te Lundoun Perliament declarit +tat Elizabeth, begottin vpone Anna, to be repute apperand air of Ingland, +gour kyngis vthir wyif, Quene Katherine of Spane, and Lady Marie, hir dochtir, being +tan on lyif. Als +te sam Leirmonth schew how +gour kyngis nephew wes nocht facill quhen +te nobill bluid of Ingland wes persequutit, nor quhen +te insurrectioun of +te commonis raiss last. Also Leirmonth schew +tat the Kyng of Scotland culd nocht be brokin fra his vncle be solistatioun of +te Erle of Kildare and Odoneill in Irland. Gif the Kyng of Scotland omittit all thir occurrantis and oportuniteis, quhy sould he now, haifand na concurrantis, walkin besines (\a contra\) his vncle, quha neuer a quheit movit at ocht +tat Leirmonth said, nor movit for proximitie of bluid, with sindre gratuiteis of his nephew, bot commandit +te Duik of Norphok suld prepair his army be all diligence and pas fordwart in Scotland. Guid man of Sion Now becaus we entir in +te toun of Rowane I think

best +tat +gow baith, guid freindis, continew ferder commonyng in this mater till we returne to our vaiage..... Becaus I traist +tat euerilk ane of ws hes done his besines weill, and becaus we ar now enterit agane in our jornay to Pareiss, latt ws entir oure auld commonyng of Inglis just weir with Scotland. Inglis. +Gow, nichtbour Scott, apperit at oure entering in Rowane for to reput all +te forsaidis causis of weir of litill valour: quhat can +gow say to +te anciant demand of superioritie that Ingland hes vpone Scotland, recognoscit successiuelie be +te Scottis kyng be deidis, werdis, actis and writtingis continewalie without interruptioun or at +te leist intermissioun? Scott. As to +te fyift causs, of +te Ingland kyngis superioritie in Scotland, +gour buik vpone +te declaratioun of +tis weir makis mair diligence and labour for to deduce +tat pretendit superiorite fra +te first growing of +te auld roulkis in +tis greit ile +tan it dois pruif +te samyn attentiklie, nochtwithstanding +te sam buik labouris to induce thre maneris of probatioun vpone the superioritie, as be historijs, instrumentis and registreis. Bot a thing I merwell, quhy +gour buik specifeis alanerlie bot ane

historiciane, callit Mariane, Scottis writtare, for to pruif +te first homage, maid +te ix. hundreth +geir of Christ, and for to pruif all +te vthir homagis fra +tat tym to +te homage maid j=m= v=c= +geir of Christ? I intend to impung euerie ane of +tir pretendit homagis be Polidor, +gour awin liturate, autentik historiciane, and gife neid beis I sall impung be ane cuning, grave and diligent ancient air callit Hectour Boece, our trew historiciane. First of all, it apperit weill +tat Kyng Henrie +te Aucht and his counsell report +te foure before-namit causis nocht sufficient to perswade the facill Inglis pepill that he movit just weir aganis his nephieu bot gife he had addit +tis new-forgit superiorite. Neboure, pleiss +ge +tat I ansuer at anis to all the discurse of homagis contenit in +gour buik, or +tat I ansuer to every homage be itself? Inglis. No, in faith, I lik nocht +tat +gow ansuer attonis, for +tan +gow will mak bot ane refusale and deming to all! First, quhat sayis +gow to the probabilite and liknes of sic superiorite from +te first habitatioun of Albioun for +te bettir administratioun of justice amangis ruid peopill; as twa or ma of ane estait

mycht be reullaris in ane cuntrey vnit as +tis ile is, so it is probable and liklie +tat in +te begyning it wes sa ordourit for avoding of dissentioun +tat +tair suld be ane superioure, in rycht of quhom +te said twa or ma estatis suld depend, as did begin in +te monarche of Bruit, and syn the haill administratioun devydit in Locrin, eldest superiour brothir, also in Albanat and Cambir, +gongar brethering. Scott. Nichtbour, +gow and +gour Kyng Henry +te viij. in +te Declaratioun of +tis weir sayis +tat +te administratioun of +tat land is best quharin +tair is twa or ma reularis of ane estait, as Locrin, Cambir and Albanat, maid be Brutus, first monarche of +tis ile. Nebour, I do speir quhar be now Camberis posterite? Quha reulis his part of this ile, now callit Vallia? I traist +ge will ansuer +tat Vallia is vnit to Locrinis part, now callit Anglia: suyth +ge say. Than I speir be quhat titill, quhiddir be mariage, subdewit or fre surrendering? Bot I traist +tat Vallia is vnit to +te Inglis crown as +te vthir sax Saxonis realmes was, and as +ge now desyr Scotland.

Inglis. The kyngis maieste dois posseid nor will posseid no thing bot be just titill. Scott. Kyng Henry +te viij. sayis in his Declaratioun of +tis present weir that twa or ma reullaris in this ile is necesser for bettir administratioun of justice, bot Edward, Duik of Summersett in his Exhortatioun for vnioun of Scotland with Ingland sayis be mony allegationis +tat ane kyng, ane reulare in this land is best. At quhithir of +tir twa opinionis will +gow abyde, +tat I may ansuer conformelie bot to +tis +gour present opinioun? +Gow say as did begin in Brutus tyme: nebour, +ge most nedis stabill +tis ground of Brutus monarchie, +taireftir consequenter +gour probabilite of twa or ma reularis will appeir mair apparent. Heireftir gife it be sperit quhen [{in{] quhat leid was +tis historie writtin and be quhom, quhat salbe +gour ansuer? For Julius Cesar, ane diligent, inquisitiue writtar, haifand vnder his gyding threttie or fourtie men xiiij. or xv. +geiris continewalie, eftir his vesiyng tuyss +te partis quhar +tat Loundoun is situate a fiftie +geir afor +te natiuitie of Christ, wald haif als reddalie haif writtin +te origin of +tis ile, the first inhabitoris, reullaris, gife ony

memorie or historie had bene +tat tym amangis +te Brittanis, as he did diserine +te peopillis maneris, +te longitude and latitude of +te samyn Britane. Cornelius Tacitus sayis +tat +te Brittanis childring begouth to leir literatoure and Romanis ciuiliteis quhen Julius Agricola gydit Britane vnder +te Romanis; giff literatour begouth in +tis ile about lxxxx. +geir eftir +te natiuitie of Christ, it apperis +tair wes litill or titter na literatour befor +tat tym. Also, +te v=c= lxxx scor +geir eftir +te birth of Christ, Gildas Britan sayis +tair culd na historie buikis be fund of +te sowth partis of Britan in +tis tyme. Heirfore, +tat is for +te want of literatour and memorie of anciant dedis befor Julius Cesar and also before Gildas, in quhais tym and na sonare begouth the oppressioun of Britane befor ane peopill (heir I excep +te Romanis conqueist). It man be said +tat Brutus monarchie and his thre sonnis is als vncertane as +te origin of all vthir nationis except alanerlie +te origin of Isralite peopill be provitioun of God, and also of Inglis origin, quharof +te authoris maner is weill knawin to all +tame +tat redis +te Inglis historijs. Bot gife +ge, nebour, will say +tat Britane was in Brutus and his thre sonnis tyme eftir the Dilugit, vpone sic a ground +ge may devyd +tis ile and beild sic probabilitie as +ge lyk ymagin.

Inglis. Sayis nocht Antonius Sabilicus +tat Scotland is ane part of Ingland, quhilk is aggreable to +te diuisioun afore be me said, being in deid as in +te land continewalie without separatioun of +te sey, also be homage and fealtie vnit? Scott. Be this +gour argument, Asia, Europia and Aphrica is vnit to +gour kyng be homage and fealtie, becaus France is in Europe and +gour kyng dois repute himself kyng of France, and thai sam thre partis of +te warald ar continewall in land without separatioun of +te sey. Bot nebour, +gour buik culd nocht haif notit a passage in all Sabillikis workis for mair ignorance and infamitie of +te auctor; bot it is mair to be mervalit on +te makar of +tis +gour buik, and also one the authorisate Counsell of Ingland, +tat allegit sic ane discriptioun of Scotland, Sabilicus Italiane, quha as can be provin hes errit baith in historie and discriptioun of landis about his awin durris in Italie. Nichtbour, can ony man in Ingland, beand nocht blind in witt, mynd and body (as, alace, +ge be now), say +tat Scotland is or was evir a part of Ingland mair nor France ane part of Span+ge; quharof gif +ge pruif nocht be pretendit homagis bettir +tan Sabilicus previs Scotland ane part of Ingland, +gour fyre is bot ane smuke and +gour kyng and Counsell hes

authorisate ane freuole buik and enterit ane inextingguabill, iniust weir for sobir causis. That Scotland is nocht nor neuir was ane part of Ingland I call to witnessing all gentill and cuning men of Ingland, and als Polidor in his first, thrid and in all his buikis of Inglis historijs, to +te first prent; for I heir +ge maid +te puir man call agane mony trew thingis, as +ge did Doctour Smytht quhen +ge drew a recantatioun for him and causit +gour lordis to threatin him to deith. He denyit +tat Christ wes cuming, denyit +te sacrifice of +te Mess, and pronuncit to be lauchfull for temporale men to possess spirituale promotioun: this +ge outhir compellit him to do, or ellis to presoun. So strang is +gour argumentis of +te court of Ingland! [^KENNEDY, QUINTIN. TWO EUCHARISTIC TRACTS: ANE LITIL BREIF TRACTEIT ... a. 1561, ANE COMPENDIOUS RESSONYNG ... 1561. ED. FR. C. KUIPERS. NIJMEGEN: GEBR. JANSSEN N.V., 1964. SAMPLE 1: PP. 129.31 - 143.30 (BREIF TRACTEIT) SAMPLE 2: PP. 153.1-172.4 (RESSONYNG)^] [} ANE LITIL BREIF TRACTEIT MAID BE MASTER QUINTINE KENNIDY, ABBOT OF CORSRAGAL, PREVAND CLEIRLYE +TE REAL BODY OF IESU CRIST TO BE PRESENT IN +TE SACRAMENT OF +TE ALTARE, CONTRAR +TE VICKIT OPINIONE AND HERESY OF ECOLAMPADIUS AND O+TERIS DIUERSS IN +TIR MISERABIL DAIS FALSLYE DENI[{AN{]D +TE SAMMYNE. }]

[}THE FIFT CHAPTOR}] (^Perchance^) thow vil spere, quhat is the cause +tat ve se # nocht +te body and

flesche of our lorde in +te sacrament as did the apostlis quhen # he enterit in +te house quhare they var, durris and vindokkis beand closit. I vil # gif the ane ansuere to this questione, sik as I haue learnit of Damascen, # Theophilactus, and others of the anciant fathers. Iesus Christ our saluiour, of his infinite gudnes and # visdome knavand the grete vtilite and profeit +tat men vas to haue of this # sacrament - and that christiane men suld nocht be frustrat of this grete # benefice throuch there fleschly imperfecciones and vaiknes, quha naturally vald # haue abhorrit to se and eat +te body of ane man -, villingly of his infinite # mercy, power, and grace conuertit and chengit the substance of breade # and vyne into his reall bodye and bloude, quhilkis ar nocht necessar to # be handelit, grapit, nor +git sene with our corporal eyne, bot onely be # faith in +te forme and quantite of bread and vyne, and is resauit and remanis # still: quhilk is most agreable to +te daly vse of men. Attour, ve ar assurit in +te evangell [\Luce. 4\] +tat # Christ Iesus our saluiour, he beand apone +te hill, he passet throuch +te # multitude of the Iowis in his verray natural bodye, quhilk vas than mortal. # Nocht+telese it vas nocht feld, grapit, nor seyne sa lange as he plesit. Quhy # vil +tow nocht inlikvise beleif +te body of our saluiour to be really in +te # sacrament, albeit it be nocht therin feild, sein, nor grapit, consydderinge +tat # Goddes vord hes alse plainly declarit the ane as the other? And his power # is as sufficient to make his body invisible and insensible in the # sacrament hauand ane immortal and glo[{ri{]fyet bodye, as vas his power to pase # throw +te multitude of the Iowis invisible and vithout persauynge of # there senses and vittis, hauand ane mortall body. Forder I vil speir ane questione at thir grosse gospellaris, # quha vill nocht beleif the body of our lord to be in this blissit sacrament # reallye lesse nor they se hym, feill hym, and graipe hyme: Quhy dar they beleue # +tam selues to haue immortal saulis? I traist there be nane of theme sa # rude bot he beleuis hyme selff to haue ane immortall saul; than vill I # speir quharbe he

knawis +tat he hes ane immortal saull. He neuer feld, grapit, # nor saw his saull. And there is na vay to knaw +tat ane man hes ane # immortal saul mair +tan beistis assuritly bot in sa far as Goddis vord techis ws. # Quhy vill +tow nocht beleif than Christis reall body and bloude to be in the # sacrament, considderinge his awin vordes techis it alse plainlye as ony # passe in all the scriptour techis vs ane man to haue ane immortal saul? As the # saul may nocht be seine nor felit becaus it is ane spreit, Sua +te body of our # lord, quhilk is contenit in the sacrament, can nocht be felit nor seine because # it hes the propirteis and qualiteis of ane spreit - as I haue all reddelye # declarit -, and is invisible and insensible at +te vill of the lord quhen # and quhair he plesis, quhais power and visdome, as sais +te apostle # [\Rom.11.\] , is incomprehensible. Truely, gude reader, there is na vay to be satifyet and to # be at +te rest of our conscience with +tis mistery - and all other mistereis # pertenand til our faith - bot gif ve refuise +te Iugement of the flesche, # outvart vittis and senses, and lene to +te mychty power of the vorde of Gode, # Conforme to +te godlye counsall of the godlye father Chrisostome, vritand # one this maner: "Lat vs beleif in God euery thynge and nocht agane # saynge hyme, +gea, althouch the thynge +tat he say nocht appere and be # inconuenient to our senses, boith thouch and onder - And do also excede our # senses capacite and reasone; lat vs, I beseik +gow, beleif in his # vorde in al thingis, and cheifly in the sacrament of +te altare, nocht lukand onely # apone they thinges quhilk lyis before vs, bot alsua considder his vordes, # for be his vordes ve can nocht be dissauit. His vordes can nocht be false, # our senses ar verray oft tymes begilit and made false. Quharfore, sene # Christ hes said '+tis is my body', lat vs na thinge doute therof, bot beleif # and perceaue it with +te eyne of our onderstandynge." Hitherto vritis this # godly bischope and doctour, 1100 and more +geres sene. I pray God +tat euery christian man vald imprent this # hailsoume and godlye doctrine in his hart and mynd, quhilk is vorth # euerlestand memorie.

Thane suld ve nocht efter ane fleschlye maner be so curiouse in # seirsynge out of Goddes vord, quhilk cursit curiositie now in thir dais # constrenis men, one +te maner, throuch imperfeccione of faith to make ane # atome of +te preciouse body and bloude of Iesus Christ our saluiour in # +te blissit sacrament. Benevalent reader, gif thow vil diligently mark and # considder our hail disputacione abone rehersit, +tow may cleirly persaue the godly # doctrine of the kirk tovart +te real presence of the body and bloude of # Iesus Christe our saluiour in the sacrament mekill mair propir plainly and # aggreable vith +te text of +te scriptoure, than is +te vickit heresy and false # opinione of Ecolampadius and diuerse others be scripturis peruerstly # applyit and impropirlye vald preiff +te contrar. Als +tow sal perceaue the # doctrine of the anciant fathers agreable therwith, quhilkis all heir to reherse # var our prolixit. Nocht+telese, sum vil ve in special adduce. And first vil ve begine at +te anciant father and holy # bischope S. Augustine, vritand one this maner one the 89. psalme one this verse: # (\adorate scabellum pedum eius\) , spekand of the flesche of our saluiour quhilk he # tuke of the gloriouse virgine in his mast blessed incarnacione: "He tuke # his flesche, and +te same selffe flesche he gef vs to eate til our # saluacione. Lat na man eate of this flesche without first he adoire it; for ve sine # nocht adorand +tat flesche, bot ve syne and ve adore it nocht." Mark quhow expreslye +tis doctour and bischoppe is contrar # +te opinione of men in +tir dais. Nocht onelye dois he afferme the real # presens of the lordes body in the sacrament, bot alse the sammyne to be # adorit. Truely, quhair sum euer Christe is (as he is assuirtly in +te # sacrament) thair is boith God and man, and quhair sumeuer God is, he is to be adorite: # nocht +tat christiane men giffis Goddes glore to +te formes of breade and # vyne quhilkis they se with there corporale eyne, nor +git to # Christis flesche bot in sa far it is Iounit inseparatlye to his godheid in vnitie of # persone and is contenit invisible onder the formes of breade and vyne and is # seine with the eyne of our faith and onderstandyng, as Christis avin vord # techis vs,

sayand: "This is my bodye, quhilk salbe geffin for +gow". Lik # as the thre vise men quhilkis come fra +te orient gef nocht adoracione to # our saluiour in spreit in respect of his manhede, quhilk they saw onely vith # there corporall eyne, bot be ressone of his godhede, quhilk they saw be faith # vnite withhis humanitie. It is nocht onknavin to me quhow +tair is sum +tat allegis # the vordes of S. Augustine schortlye folouand, and peruerstly applyis them by # +te true menynge and contrar the doctrine of the kirk, sayand: "+ge # sall nocht eate this bodye quhilk +ge se, nor drink +te bluid quhilk they ar to # sched +tat crucifyis me". Trueth it is, ve sal neuer eate +te bodye of +te lord nor # drinke his bluide efter +te sammyne maner as his bodye vas seine and his # bluid vas sched hauand sik qualiteis. Nocht the lesse, it is the same # bodye and bluide in substance, as I haue schavin +te ofbefore, resauit efter ane # other maner. And this is +te true menynge of thir vordes, as +te hail # sentence precedand and efter folovand plainlye declaris. Now vil ve cal to rememberance sum other part of ald anciant # fathers. Chrisostome vritis one this maner: "It is nocht ane man +tat # makis our lordes bodye and bluid of the thynge set furth apone +te table # to be consecrat, bot it is Christe, +tat vas crucifyet. Thir vordes # ar pronuncit of ane preist, and +te breade and vyne ar consecrat be Goddes # vord." Damascene vritis one this maner: "The breade and vyne ar noch ane figure # of Christis bodye and bloude (God forbeid +tat), bot it is made # the lordes bodye it self Iounit to his godhede, our lord hym self vorkand # be his vord 'this is my bodye', pronuncit be +te preiste." Theophilact, # vritand one this maner: "The breade is nocht onely ane figure of Christis bodye, # bot it is chaunged in +te same self body of Christ. The lord sais: the # breade quhilk I gyfe is my flesche; he said nocht: it is ane figure of my # flesche." S. Ambrouse vritis in this maner: "Affore +tat it be consecrate it is # breade, bot efter +tat Christis vordes be cumin till it, it is Christis # bodye." Cipriane vritis one this maner: "The breade quhilk the lord gef to his # disciples beand changed, nocht efter +te outvart forme bot as concernynge +te # nature, be the almychty power of the vorde it is made flesche."

Mark, gude reader, quhow agreable ar +te saingis of the # anciant fathers vith +te plane text of the scriptoure and godly doctrin of haly # kirk, boith tovart +te reall presence of the preciouse bodye and bluide of # Iesus Christ our saluiour in the sacrament, And als tovart the # transsubstanciacione and chaungene of the substance of breade and vyne in the bodye and # bluid of +te lord. Nocht onely this is and euer hes bene the doctrine of the # anciant fathers of the kirk, bot alsse the sammyne doctrine is plaine # and manifestlye set furth be +te sicht of +te most speciall ennimeys of the # kirk of God in +tir days: Of the quhilk I vald mak the readaris to knaw ane # notable purposse. Luther in al his vorkes apprevis +te real presence of the # lordes bodye in +te sacrament, bot he denyes transsubstanciacione. And # Ecolampadius denyes the reall presence; nocht +te lesse, vritand aganis # Luther he reprevis the Iugement and doctrin of hyme +tat apprevis +te real # presence and denyes transubstanciacione, and preuis be plaine authoritie of # scriptour, and invincible argumentes and reasones, that giffe thare be +te # real presence of the body of our lord in the sacrament, onforce # there man be als transsubstanciacione. Sua there is na man settis furth # transsubstanciacione mair quickly nor doise Ecolampadius. Be the contrar, Luther as # ernistlye as ony man in thir dais settis furth +te real presence contra # Ecolampadius, and denyes transsubstanciacione, Sua +tat the ane for +te real # presence and the other for transsubstanciacione settis out manifestlye +te # true catholike doctrine of the kirke, baith tovart the real presence and # transsubstanciacione, nochtvithstandynge +tat they ar repugnant the ane to +te other # and alsua to +te kirk. This +ge may perceaue quhow vonderfullye God tryis +te # trueth of his vorde, nocht onely be godly men his ministeris, bot also be # vicket instrumentes: to there grete confusione and manifestacione of there # intolerable Ignorance and Induritnes, And plain confirmacione of the godly # doctrine of his kirk, aganis the quhilkis hellis +gettes quhilk is # haresy, vice, and syne - cane nocht prevaile. [}THE SAXT CHAPTOUR.}] (^Sene^) ve haue hed Iust occasione conforme to +te # scripturis of almychty Gode tilbe resolut and satifyet vith +te first hede and part of # our disputacione

tovart +te true onderstandynge of this most excellent mistery # of the blissit sacrament of the altare - quhare questione vas quhidder # +te doctrine of the kirke or +te opinione of Ecolampadius vas maist agreable # with the plain text of the scriptoure -, Now restes to considder # quhidder +te doctrine of the kirk affermand the real presence of the body of our # saluiour in the sacrament, or the opinione of Ecolampadius, quha denyis +te # real presence of the lordes bodye in the sacrament, giffis ony vay glore, # estimacione, or prise to God and his vord conforme to +te scriptour, as dois # the godlye doctrine of the kirk, becaus impropirlye and ontruelye and # ongodlye they expone the vordes of our saluiour, sayand "This is my body", to haue bene spoken be ane figure and similitude; be +te quhilk # vristit interpretacione they obscure, hyid, and diminucis the most vonderfull vorke of almychty God, makande litle difference betuix this sacrament # and sacrifice And the sacramentes and figures of +te auld lawe, # quhilkis vas bot similitudes and figures onelye, Sua +tat the beleif of +te # sammyne is litle or na thynge to +te glore of God. Quhat grete mater is it to # beleif, and quhare in is Goddes glore avansyt to say, +tat the breade and the vyne # ar onelye ane figure and taken of Christis bodye? This may +tow cleirlye # perceaue quhow +tis vickit opinione obscuris, hyddis, and dyminucis +te # vonderfull vorke of almychty God. Be +te contra, mark +te godlye doctrine of the kirk, and # +tow sal cleirly perceaue +tat it declaris +te vonderfull vork of almichty God # conforme to his vorde. For like as Iesus Christ our saluiour vas consauit # abone ordour of nature in +te bosume of the virgine Marie, godhede and # manhede vnit to gidder - twa natures in ane persone -, And as he enterit in # to +te house quhare his disciples var, durris and vindokkis al beand closit, # with his verray hail reall bodye hauand flesche, bloude, and bonis, and # occupeit na place in his passynge - and +tat far abone +te ordour of # nature -, Sua, be his godlye power far abone the ordour of nature, he is contenit # realye onder the formes of bread and vyne, godhede and manhede vnit to # gidder in ane persone hauand flesche, bloud, and bonis, and occupeis na # place therin. This is and euer hes bene the godlye doctrine and vonderfull # beleif of the kirk of God and al the anciant fathers of the sammyne; And # +te mair vonderful +tat it is, the maire it is to +te glore of God, # considderinge the sammyn is nocht consauit of mannis Imaginacione bot of Christis # avin vordes, quhilk is omnipotent, sayand: "This is my body".

Attour, +tow sal onderstand +tat the godlye doctrine and # beleif of the kirk tovart +te onderstandynge of this profunde mistery is # mekil mair profitable to +te resauar nor is the contra opinione. For quhy, # quha sa euer resauis this blissit sacrament vorthely hes nocht onely profeit # be reasone of his faith, bot also be reasone +tat he rasauis # [{Chris{]tis real bodye, godhede and manhede vnit to gidder insepara[{tlye{] , # sua +tat ve rasaue mekil mair aboundantlye +te grace of God and [{rest{]is # gretarlye assurit of Christis fauour tovart vs resauand Christis bodye # boith spiritually and reallie, as his vordes plainlye techis vs, nor to resaue # the lordes body spiritually allanerlye or be ane figure and sygne. And to +te effect +tat +tow may mair easaly onderstand the # sammyne, +tow sal considder +tat there is diuersse maneris of the # resauynge of Christes body, and mair aboundand grace in the ane nor in the other: lik # as, in +te resauynge of the giftes of the holy Spreit, ve ar assurit +tat # +te apostlis resauit the giftes of +te holy Spreit diuerse vais at diuerse # tymes, and maire aboundantlye at ane tyme nor at ane other. For truelye, +te # apostlis resauit +te giftes of +te holy Spreit vithout doute mair aboundantlye # efter his gloriouse ascensione +tan of before, boith in til grace of # onderstandynge and visdome of al veritie - conforme to his godlye promesse # spekand of his blissit Spreit +tat +te apostlis vas to resaue efter his # ascensione, said: "Quhen he cumis, he sal teche +gow al verite" -, And als anent the # fouth of grace infundit in there saulis, quharbe +ta var clengit fra syne and # confermit in the luff of God, Sua that they mich haue al said with S.Paul # +tat +tare vas na creature mych dysseuer theme fra the luf of God, as they ver # disseuerit in +te tyme of his passione, boith corporally and spiritually, # nochtvithstandynge +tat they hed resauit +te gift of the holy Spreit effore +te # Sammyne. Swa sume tymes ve resaue +te bodye of the lord spiritualye onelye # be faith and deuocione, Sum tymes boith spiritualye and reallye, as quhen ve # vorthelye resaue +te blissit sacrament of +te altare, quharin is contenit # +te invisible gift of grace quhilk is Christis reall bodye - vnit with his godhede # as said is -,

quharbe ve resaue mekil maire abundance of grace nor resauand # it spritualye or be ane sygne or figure allanerlye. Thys may the reader cleirlye perceaue +tat in +te cace +te # scriptour gef equal apperaunce of the interpretacione of Ecolampadius and # Calvin tovart the onderstandynge of this profunde misterye as for +te # interpretacione of the kirk (quhilk is alse false as God is true), +git alvais # +te interpretacione of the kirk is rather to be folowit, becaus it is mekil mair to # +te glore of God and profeit of the resauar, as I haue al reddelye # declarit conforme to Goddes vordes. Lord God, quhat vengebel vodnes is this, quhilk rengis in # +te christiane hartis of men in thir dais, quha hed rather thraw +te # scriptoure by Goddes menynge of the Sammyne, sekand ese and contenment of thair # fleschly Iugement and natural reasone, nor truely till onderstand the # sammyne, albeit it be contrar natural reasone as ar all maters of faith # for the glore of Gode and thair avin saluacione. Becaus +te vickit # interpretacione of Ecolampadius and Calvin is mekil mair agreable to our outvart vittes and manly reasone tovart +te interpretacione of this mistery - as # commonlye al hereseys ar - nor is the godly interpretacione of the kirk, # Therfor men in thir dais quhilkis ar fleschly in Iugement ar miserable subieckit to # this vickit heresy of Ecolampadius and Calvine, contrar the godlye doctrine # of +te kirk, to quhome it pertenis to tak ordour in misteryis # pertenand our faith. Lord God, may nocht euer ane christiane man perceaue and # onderstand quhow +tis vickit and thrawine interpretacione denyand the real # presens of the lordes bodye in +te sacrament euellis and alteris the # hartes fauour and godlye disposicione quhilk the apostle requiris of ane # christiane man before he receaue +te blesset sacrament? Dois nocht S.Paul expresly # commaund al christiane men affore they be parttakaris of this sacrament # to exeme them selues, and +tat onder +te payne of damnacione? Quhow sal # it be possible +tat ane christiane man sal dispone and exeme hyme # self efter +tis rigorouse maner quhilk thinkis in his conscience (and +tat # fleschlye) +tat he is to receaue bot bair breade and vyne beand in ane figure # onely and

similitude of the lordis body? Quhat christiane mannis hart # cane be sterit vp to s[{ik{] fauour and feyr to receaue +te pictour # and similitude of h[{is{] lord and master, as gif he thouch in his conscience - # +tat truely conforme to Goddes vorde - +tat he is to receaue his lord and master, # crear and redemar? Now vil I humilye and ernistlye exort +te reader to be equal # Iuge, and considder quhilk of thir twa interpretaciones - the ane # affermand the real presence of the lordes bodye in the sacrament, The other # affermand the Sacrament to be ane signe onely of the lordes body - mast # feruentlye disponis our hartes to +te rigour requirit be S.Paull affore ve # be partakaris of +te blissit sacrament. [}THE SEVINT CHAPTOR.}] (^According^) til our promesse in +te begynnyng of this # tracteit ve haue schavin gude vil - as it hes plesit God to gif vs grace - to # declair quhidder the interpretaciones of Ecolampadius, Calvin, and others # diuerse in thir dais ar most propir and agreable vith the plaine text of the # scriptouris. Therefter ve haue reasonit and declarit quhilk of the twa # interpretaciones is maist to the glore of Gode and veil of +te resauars, # conforme to +te scriptouris. Now vil we concluid and reasonynge be conferrens of this # vickit heresye and opinione of Ecolampadius, Calvin, and others denyand the # real presens of the lordis body in +te sacrament vith the most detestable # and abhominable hereseis quhilk euer hes bene sene the incarnacione of Iesus # Christ, be the quhilk - God villinge - ve sal mak the reader cleirly til # onderstande this heresye of Ecolampadius and Calvin abone rehersit to be ane of # the most deplorit and condamnable hereseys +tat euer hes bene sene the # faith begane, and to be rekkynnit with the first, and that efter this maner # and conforme to +te procedynge. I vil speir at ony man pregnant of ingine # quha hes adieckit and subieckit them selues determinatlye to +te opinione of # Ecolampadius and Calvyne and the rest: be quhat scriptouris propirlye and # truely

allegit, or be quhat authoritie or reasone, vil they preif and # perswaide the opinione of Ecolampadius and Calvine to be resauit and # approvyne true and godlye doctrine, And the opinione of Arrius, Macedonius, # Nestorius, and others of +te most deplorit heretikis quhilk euer hes bene, # to be refusit and repellit as one true and ongodlye doctrine - and the # doctrine of Ecolampadius and Calvyne to be resauit as true and godlye # doctrine, bot because they allage diuerse testymoniis of scriptoure for # theme. This sammyne argument perswades +te opinione of Arrius and # Nestorius mekill mair to be resauit. For quhare euer Ecolampadius or # Calvyne alleges ane testimony for confirmacione of thair opinione, Arrius # alleges thre, quhilk easaly may be persauit gif thow vyl reade +te vark of # Hilarius [\Hilarius\] vritand aganis Arrius, and alse the vorke of # Athanasius [\Athanasius\] , quha vas in +te tyme of Arrius ane godly # byschope quha resistit til his errour. Wil thow say +tat the scriptouris alleget be Ecolampadius # and Calvyne ar truely and propirlye allegit, and the scriptouris alleget be # Arrius ar one truely and onpropirlye alleget? I dar baldye say, # nochtvithstandynge +tat they baith allege the scriptouris peruerstlye by +te godlye # menynge of the sammyne, lat ony man of Iugement diligentlye considder all +te # testimonyis of scriptouris alleget be theme baith, he sal fynde and # perceaue the scriptouris alleget be Arrius to gif gretare apperaunce (besid +tis, +tat # is, ther is far mair of them) nor dois the scriptouris alleget be # Ecolampadius and Calvine, quhilkis and ve var curiouse to confer it ver easy to # preif. Bot ve vil nocht curiouslye do the sammyne, in euentuir # fleand ane inconuenient ve sal fall in twa, nocht +te lese +tat +te reader # sall nocht thynk +tat it is said of plesour and effeccione, sene in special ve # vill conterfate +te craft of learnet men medicinaris quha, persauand ony man # intoxicat or poysont, be contra poysone curis +te pacient: lik as ve intend # - God villynge - be conferrynge of thir errouris to constreine the # ane to expell the others, one this maner. It is v[{ri{]tyne in the evangell, for mencione is made of # the supper of the lorde, +tat he blessit +te breade and gef to his disciples, # sayand: "This is my bodye". Ecolampadius and Calvine, incontrar +te true meanynge # of the scripture and godlye doctrine of haly kirke, exponis thir # vordes to be spoken be ane similitude. To fortifye there thrawine # interpretacione impropirlye cal they to remembrance the vordes of the apostle, sayand: "Christ vas the roike", allegeand lik as our saluiour vas nocht # ane roike in deid bot be ane similitude, swa sais Ecolampadius and Calvyne # that it vas bot ane similitude of his bodye - and nocht our saluiouris # reall bodye - +tat he geue til his apostlis.

Truelye, +tis confferrens of scriptouris is verray impropir, # as I haue al reddelye declarit in the first chaptour. For quhy, albeit +te # scriptouris speakis sumtyme be ane similitude, it argumentes nocht +tat it # speakis euer be ane similitude. For gif sua var, our hail faith var # confundit, as thow sal cleirlye persaue. The kirk to confund the vickit opinione of heresy of Arrius, # allegeand the vordes of our saluiour, sainge: "I and +te Father ar boith # ane". Arrius, quha denyit the Father and the Sone in godhede to be # boith ane substance, alleget +tir vordes of our saluiour folouand to be # spoken be ane similitude and figure (as dois Ecolampadius [{and{] Calvin to # fortifye there errouris be scriptouris impropirlye applyit), and, to # preif the sammyn errour to be true, alleget +te vordes of our saluiour quhare he # dide praye to +te Father of heawine for +tam +tat euer vas to beleue in # hyme, Sayand: "Holye Father, keip theme in +tj name quhome +tow hes geffin to # me, +tat they ma be ane as ve ar ane". Arrius inferrit of thir vordes # +tat like as they quhome for our saluiour prayit var nocht ane in substance, bot # be concord of mynd and vyll. This it ma be persauit, gif regard var hed to fals and # vickit applicacione of scriptouris, than suld the heresy of Arrius hed place rather # nor +te heresy of Ecolampadius and Calvyne, because this text of scriptoure - and +te rest, as +tow sal schortly perceaue - hes far greater # apperaunce for confirmacione for Arrius errour and vickit opinione. Gif our # saluiour hed said: "This is my body as I am the roike", lik as he sais: "I # pray the Fader +tat they be al ane as ve ar ane", Thane vald Ecolampadius, # Calvin, and otheris haue thouch they had mater to triumphe aganis +te kirk. [}THE AUCTHT CHAPTOR.}] (^Ane other^) cheiffe argument +tat Ecolampadius, Calvin, # and all others +tat fauowris there faccions, vsis to cause there heresy to seme # godlye aganis +te true doctrine of +te kirk, sais that +te interpretacione of +te # mistery of +te supper of the lord conforme to +te doctrine of the kirk may # nocht stand with +te articles of our beleif: for it is said +tat our # saluiour ascendit vp to hewyne and sittis at +te rich hand of the Father, and is to # returne agane one the letter day. I vil speir at the: quhat sais Ecolampadius and Calvyne and # all others

+tat fauouris there vickit opinione and faccione in +this part # bot as said Arrius and +te rest +tat fauourit his faccione? Said nocht Arrius # plainlye +tat the interpretacione of +te scripture conforme to +te declaracione # of the kirk tovart the mistery of +te diuine nature of our saluiour vas # expresse aganis the first and principall article of our beleue, quhilkis is to # beleue in ane God? For quhy, said Arrius, gife there be God the Father and # God the Sone diuidit in twa personis, quhow can +te first article of # our beleiff be of veritie, Saiand: "There is bot ane God"? Truelye, it is alse far aganis the ordour of nature +tat # there suld be twa personis in ane substance, as +tat ane persone suld be in twa # places at ane tyme. I dar baldye say +tat it is nocht ane phraise nor maner # of spekin agreable nor propir for ane christiane man to speir quhow # Christes bodye can be in diuerse places at ane tyme. Or quhow can there be twa # distinguit personis in ane godhede? It sufficis +tat Christes vord techis # vs, quhilk all christiane man auch to beleue without reasonynge quhow sik # thinges may be. There is nocht ane article in all hail our beleiff quhilk # cane be perceauit be manlye reasone. Ane other cheiff argument quhilk is applyit be Ecolampadius, # Calvyne, and others, incontrar +te godlye doctrine of the kirk tovart # the onderstandinge of this profunde misterye of the sacrament of # +te altare is +te vord of ou[{r{] saluiour, sayand: "It is the spreit +tat # giffis lif; the flesche profitis na thynge" [\Io. 6\] . Tak hede, gude reader, and +tow # sal perceaue +tat, lik as Ecolampadius and Calvyne applyis thir vordes of # our saluiour: "This is my bodye", incontrar +te true doctrine of the kirk # tovart +te real presence of the bodye of +te lord in the sacrament, Sua dois # Arrius impropirlye apply +te vordes of our saluiour, sayand: "The Father is mair # nor I", incontra +te doctrine of the kirk tovart +te onderstandynge # of +te diuine nature of our saluiour, becaus, sais Arrius, quhare there is # mair and lese can nocht be equalite. Truelye, hauand respect to +te godhede # of the Father and manhede of the Sone onelye, there is nocht equalite; bot # gif ve vil haue respect to +te godheid of +te Sone, he is al vais equal with # +te Father. Sua, lyke as +te Father and the Sone ar equal and nocht equall efter # diuerse respeckis and consideraciones, Inlykvise +te flesche diuidit # fra +te spreit is

nocht profitable for saluacione of man; bot +te flesche Iounit # to +te spreit quhilk is God - as Christes flesche - is euer profitable, as I # haue all reddelye declarit. This may +te reader perceaue +tat efter +te sammyne # sort and maner as Arrius vickitlye interpreit and threw +te scripture, by the # godlye meanynge of +te sammyne, to fortifye his vickit heresy and opinione, Sua # dois Ecolampadius and Calvyne to preif there errouris. Attour, confer +te scriptouris quha plesis, they sal na vay # perceaue +te opinione of Ecolampadius and Calvyne to be godly be conferrens # and allegeans of the scriptouris, bot +te sam vay they sal perceaue # rather +te opinione of Arrius to be godlye, quhilk is playne h[{e{]resye # aganis +te faith. Giff I vald be als curyouse as perchaunce I mych be, +git culd # I call to rememberaunce thretty sax testimonyis of scriptouris or ma # allegit be Arrius incontrar +te doctrine of +te kirk of God, of +te # quhilkis ony ane giffes alse grete apperaunce for confirmacione of his vickit opinione as the maist propir text allegit be Ecolampadius or # Calvyne incontra +te kirk dois to fortifye there vickit heresye and opinione. # Therfore ve mane be assurit +tat +te allegeance of scriptouris, quhilkis # euer hes bene at all tymes famyliar til al heretikis, persuadis na vais the # opinione of Ecolampadius, Calvyne, and +te rest, to be approwyne mair nor # the opinione of Arrius, bot rather lesse. Nowe, sene ve ar assurit that there is na scriptouris quhilk # can be propirlye allegit for confirmacione of the opinione of Arrius, it is to # be considderit be quhat authoritie ony man fauourand +te faccione of # Ecolampadius and Calvyne can perswade +tat there opinione aucht to be # resauit and +te opinione of Arrius condamnit. Vil +tow say +tat the # godlye generall counsall of Nece [\consilium Necenum\] , quhar into vas dewlye # conuenit thre hundreth auchtene fathers, Iustlye condamnit the heresy of # Arrius? There vas mony fathers of godlye lernynge and gud liffe - beand # gadderit of al the partes of christindome - dewly conuenit in ane # general counsal [\consilium Lateranense\] , quhare naturally and sufficientlye # disput +te heresy of Ecolampadius, quhilk vas sterit vp first be ane # callit Berengarius and vas Iustlye condamnit be this counsal of Rome and diuerse # others.

Attour, gif the reader thinkis it ane superflowis # persuasione +tat this vickit heresye of Ecolampadius, Calvyne, and other denyand the # real presens of the lordes body in the sacrament, is sa effectuislye # condamnit with sik nowmer of godlye fathers +tat it is to be cryit out # one be al christiane man, as the heresye of Arrius, Thow sal onderstande that this sammyne counsall of Nece quhilk dyde condame the heresy of # Arrius, the sammyne counsal in effect dide condame the heresy of # Ecolampadius, And sa far as it plesit God to steir vp the hartes of the # anciant fathers quha dewlye conuenit in the laudable counsall of Nece to site anent # the mist[{ery of{] this blissit sacrament conforme to +te interpretacione and # doctrine of the kirk tovart the reall presence of the body and bloude of our # saluiour in +te sacrament determyt as efter folowis: "Disponand our selues one # to +te godlye table, lat vs nocht luke sklenderly apone the breade # an[{d{] cwpe set before vs, bot lat vs lyft vp our myndis be faith, # on[{der{]standand in that haly table to be +te lame of Gode takar avay the synnes # of the vardle, offerit be +te preist without bluid. And ve, resauand # veralye his preciouse bodye and bloude, aucht to beleiffe theme to be +te # plaege of our resurreccione." Hithertil the counsall. Mark quhow agreable is the declaracione of this godlye # counsall with +te doctrine of the kirk tovart the onderstandynge of the real # presence of Christes body and bloude in the sacrament of the altare - and # alse tovarte the offerynge vp of the lordes bodye be the preistes in # sacrifice. This counsal of Nece vas the first counsall generall efter +te counsall # conuenit in the tyme of the apostlis of Iesus Christe, And hes bene approwine in all # ayges, +geris, and tymes. Sua sal +tow perceaue +tat the same authoritie, and # alse the grete authoritie, hes at all tymes condamnit +te vickit heresye of # Ecolampadius and Calvyne as dide condame the errour of Arrius. And this may # +tow cleirlye onderstand +tat there is na authoritie quhilk dois # perswade the errour of Arrius to be ongodlye bot +te sammyne dois perswade # inlikvise the errour of Ecolampadius and Calvin to be alse ongodlye. [} (^ANE^) FAMILIAR RESSONYNG OF +TE MISTERIE OF +TE SACRIFICE OFF THE MESS BETUIX TUA BRETHIR, MAISTER QUINTYNE KENNEDY, COMMENDATOUR OF CORSRAGUELL, AND IAMES KENNEDY OF VCHTWALLURE.}]

Quintinus Iacobus (^I. Broder,^) gif It may stand with +gour favouris, I wald # be glaid to ressone sum purposis quhilkis ar in contrauersie and debate (specialie # concerning +te mess), Providand all wayes +tat I may frelie cleyth me and # tak apon me (without +gour offense) +te place and personage of thais # callit now of +te new learnyng. (^Q.^) Broder, I contentit and acceptis +te conditioun with # all my harte. (^I.^) Afoir +tat I will entyr in ressoning with +gou, I # will protest and requyr +tat +ge defend nocht ane iniust caus, preissand +gour wit and # ingyne to circumveyn me with sophistrie, logik, or oratrie, Bot treulie # to declair +te treuth according to +gour iugement, as +ge will anser to +te # hie Iuge: for +te cuntre sayis +ge can do bettir and +ge will. (^Q.^) As to +te vngodlie mwrmwr and Ignorant Iugement of # +te cuntre vndeserwit, I stand nocht +tairby; bot +tat I haif vsit older # in worde or wryte (in materis concerning fayth) hypocrysie, craft, or # dissimwlatioun according to my vnderstanding, in +tat case I renunce Goddis mercy and # takis me to his iugement, Nochtwithstanding I knaw my self ane offendar # vther wayes, as ony wrechit synnar In erth. (^I.^) Treulie, +gour acquittance is sua rigorous +tat I # geif +gow gude traist, and douteis nocht bot +ge will declayr +te treuth according to # +gour vnderstanding. Thairfor lat ws go to +te purpose, and certifie me quhat +gour # monstruous mess menis: For we rekkin It to be plane Idolatrie, sorcerie, # and wichecraft. (^Q.^) I dar bauldlie say, +tair will na man think +te mess # to be Idolatrie or wichecraft bot gif It be sic Ignorant peple, led with +te # spreit of errour, as +tai war quhilkis did affirme our salueour to be possessit with +te # devill [\Io. 8.\] , and ascriuit +te workis of +te apostolis to be sorcerie # and wichecraft [\Act.17.\] . (^I.^) I marvell of +gou +tat thinkis nocht +te mess # Idolatrie. (^Q.^) I marvell mekle mair of +gou and mony hundreth # vtheris

of +gour sect, +tat callis +te mess Idolatrie, and +ge knaw # nolder quhat +te mess nor Idolatrie menis. He is ane evill Iuge condempnis or he # knawis. (^I.^) I will preif +te mess Idolatrie. (^Q.^) +ge haif tane mair on hand nor all +gour sect may # iustlie perfurnys. (^I.^) I will preif the mess Idolatrie on +tis maneir: All worschipping of God Inventit be +te brane of man without # [{expres{] command of God Is Idolatrie. The mess is Inventit be +te # brayn off man without [{expres{] command of God. Thairfoir It followis weill # +tat +te mess is Idolatrie. (^Q.^) As to +te first parte of +gour argument, quhair +tat # +ge say That all worschipping of God Inventit be +te brane of man without # expres command of God Is Idolatrie: It is expres aganis Goddis worde. For +te # scripture planelie techis vs +tat Abraham and diuers vtheris Inventit # wayes and meynis to worschip God, without expres command of God [\Gen.22., Gen. # 4., Gen.8.\] . Bot it is nocht vnknawin to me, how +tai ar sum # prophane precheouris +tat thrawis +te scripture by +te godlie menyng of # +te samyn, to fortifie +tair wickit opinioun: As quhair +te scripture # makis mentioun how king Saull maid sacrifice thinkand to do ane acceptable # werk to God, And als preserwit Agag +te king fra deyth [\1. Reg. 15., 1 Reg. # 13.\] , quhais work in deid was vngodlie becaus It was expres aganis # Goddis commandiment; quhairby we may persaif +tat it is ane grit # difference (and +te zeill appeir nevir sa gude) to do ony work expres aganis # Goddis commandiment, be to do ane gude work of godlie zeill without command of God express, as +te scripture planelie techis vs. For we reid # [\Act. 10.\] +tat Cornelius centurio, beand ane gentyll, did diuers # gude workis quhilkis war acceptable to God without express command of God. Quhairfoir we may persaif +tat +tis subtyle ressonar has nocht # diligentlie markit +te scripturis in consideratioun of diuersite of # werkis done on gude zeill expres contrar to +te command of God and werkis done # on ane gude zeill without express command of God. For +te ane may nevir # stand with +te scripture, +te vther aggreis with +te scripture, bayth # auld testament and new, as we haif all reddy declarit. As to +te secund parte of +gour argument, sayand: "The mess # was Inventit be +te brane of man", +ge sall consider +tat +te effect and # substance of +te mess was institute onelie be Iesus Christ [\B.\] . For we call no # thing propirlie +te mess bot [\diffinitioun of +te mess.\] +te sacrifice of +te # lordis body, realie contenit vnder +te formys of breid and wyne, Institute # be Iesus Christ in +te latter supper in rememberance of his deyth and passioun # [\Math.26., Marc. 14., (L)uc. 22.\] . Treuth it is, +te apostlis and +tair # disciplis and diuers vtheris godlie fatheris be successioun of tyme maid # certane oratiouns,

aggreable with +te worde of God, to decoir +te laudable # sacrifice of +te mess, quhilkis ar nocht of +te effect and substance of +te mess, # quhairwith be ressone +ge will find na falte. For thais of +te new learnyng # has Inventit certane oratiouns and cerimoniis to decoir +tair commwnioune, # and Is nocht of +te substance and effect of +te commwnioun, nor +git # contenit in +te scripture. (^I.^) How ar +ge able to preif +te mess to be +te # institutioun of Christ, considerand +tair is nocht sic ane terme in all +te new # testament as the Mess? Thairfor it apperis ane terme laitlie inventit be # +te brayn of man. (^Q.^) [\A.\] Treulie, we reid +tis terme 'Missa' vsit be # Clemens [\Epistola 3. ad Iacobum fratrem Dominj.\] , quha was sanct Peters # disciple, And lykwyse be Ignacius [\Epistola ad Smirnenses.\] , quha was # sanct Iohnis disciple, quhairby we may persaif +tat +tis terme 'Missa' is # nocht laitlie Inventit. And ferther, geifand +tat +tair war nocht sic ane terme In # +te new testament, and +tat it war Inventit be man, It argumentis nocht bot +te # effect and It +tat is signifeit be +tis terme is contenit in +te new # testament. Sua +te effect is to be markit, and nocht +te terme. As be exemple, The # godlie consell Nycene, declarand +te misterie of +te diuine nature of oure # salueour, Inventit +tis terme 'homousion' incontrar +te wickit errour of Arrius # [\Hist. Trip.,lib. 5., ca 42.\] . Lyk maneir +te kirk Inventit this # terme 'Theoticos', declarand +te blissit virgyne Marie to be moder of God and man # incontrar +te errour of Nestorius [\Platina, Vigili p.\] . And als it is # ane familiar terme in oure langage 'Trinite'. And +git nevir ane of +tir thre # termes is expreslie contenit in +te new testament. Nocht+teles he war ane evill # christiane man +tat wald deny +te effect of +tir termes to be aggreable, and # contenit in +te new testament. Sua albeit +tis terme 'Mess' war nocht contenit # in the new testament, It argumentis nocht+teles bot +te effect is # contenit in the new testament, as - God willing - I sall preif sufficientlie bayth # be auld testament and new. (^I.^) I persaif, and oure ressonyng tak effect, we man cum # to +te declaratioun and vnderstanding of +tis terme 'Mess'. (^Q.^) As to +te vnderstanding and declaratioun of +te mess: # I vnderstand +te mess to be ane commemoratioun and rememberance of Christis deyth and passioun into +te quhilk +te breid and wyne ar # consecrate according to Christis Institutioun [\Luc. 22., Marc. 14., Math. 26.\] , # and +te body and blude of Iesus Christ (vnder +te formis of breid # and wyne) ar offerit to +te Father of hevin and ar ressauit as +te # hevinlie fude of oure saull.

(^I.^) Ar +ge hable to iustifie and appreif +gour # vnderstanding and declaratioun be scripture? (^Q.^) Or ellis I wald think my laubouris in vane. And for # +te mair perfite vnderstanding of +tis interpretatioun and declaratioun +ge # sall mark +te wordis of oure salueour in +te latter supper, sayand # [\Luc. 22., Marc. 14.\] : "Do this in rememberance of me", be +te quhilkis wordis he # commandit his apostlis to consecrate +te breid and wyne as he did, sayand: # "This is my body" [\B.\] . And sua he institute +te consecratioun; and be # +te consecratioun +te verray body and blude of Iesus Christ oure salueour ar contenit vnder +te formis of breid and wyne be +te powar of # +te lordis worde, quhilk Is omnipotent. According to +tis +tou sall mark +te godlie anceant # sayingis of Chrisostome wrytand on +tis maner [\Chrisostom., Homil. 48. In Ioahan.\] : # "It is nocht man +tat makis +te lordis body and blude of +te breid # and wyne set furth apon +te table to be consecrate, bot It is Christ +tat # was crucifeit for vs. +Te wordis ar pronuncit of +te preist, and +te breid and wyne # ar consecrate be Goddis worde and grace. He said: 'This is my body'. +Te breid # and wyne quhilkis ar set furth ar consecrate be +tis worde." Hidderto # Chrisostome. And nocht onelie said oure salueour [\Lucas. 22.\] : "This # is my body", quhairthrow he Institute +te consecratioun, bot als he eikit # +tir wordis, sayand: "quhilk is geiffin - and brokin - for +gou", be the quhilkis wordis presentlie at +tat sam verray tyme he declarit # his body to be ane vnbludy sacrifice to be offerit be +te apostlis, and all # o+teris ministeris of Christis kirk to +te end of +te warld, in rememberance of his # deyth, sayand: " Do +tis in rememberance of me." According to +tis wrytis +te prophet Malachie [\Mala. 1.\] : # "I haif na plesour of +gou, sayis the lorde; and as for the meit # offering, I will nocht accept It at +gour hand. For frome +te rising vp of +te sone # onto +te gangin doun of +te samyn my name Is grit amang +te gentylis: +ge, in # everie place sall +tair sacrifice be done and ane clene oblatioun offerit # vp onto my name. For my name Is grit amangis +te gentyllis." Mark the wordis of # +te prophet, and +ge sall persaif +tat +tai ar nocht spokkin of +te # sacrifice of +te lordis body offerit vp apon +te croce. For quhy, +te sacrifice of +te # lordis body on +te croce was onelie in Hierusalem, and +te wordis of +te prophet # speikis of ane sacrifice offerit vp in everie place. Als +te wordis of +te # prophet can nocht be vndirstand of +te sacrifice of +te Iewis, becaus +te wordis # planelie declaris +tat all +tair sacrifices war repudiat be +te lorde God fra # +te tyme +tat +te lordis body was offerit vp on +te croce. Nor +git +te wordis of +te # prophet can be vnderstand of +te sacrifice of oratioun, prayer, and almous # deid. For in diuers places ar diuerss oratiouns and prayer, and +te prophet # speikis of ane

sacrifice in all places. Quhairfoir we ar compellit to say +tat # +tir wordis war spokkin onelie of +te sacrifice of +te mess, quhair into +te # maist clene sacrifice of +te precious body and blude of Iesus Christ hes evyr beyn # offerit vp vnder +te formis of breid and wyne all places professand Iesus # Christ, sen +te tyme of Christ to +tir oure dayes. For lyk as +te # prophetis [\Gen.49., Esa. 7., Baruch. 3., Esa. 53.\] prophecit of +te cumin of # Christ, of his natiuite, of his marvellous werkis and deyth, Sua did +te # prophet Malachie [\Mala. 1.\] prophecie of ane clene sacrifice to be offerit vp # oure all +te warld, quhilk is +te precious blude and body of Iesus Christ # offerit vp be +te minister in the sacrifice of +te mess [\B.\] . And to be assurit +tat +tis is +te trew interpretatioun and # declaratioun of +te wordis of +te latter supper and als of the prophet # Malachie, I will certifie +gou +tat +tis is +te declaratioun of thais quha war disciplis # to +te apostlis and all vtheris godlie interpretouris of Goddis word, bayth Grekis # and Latinistis, to gidder with +te vniuersale consent and # deliberatioun of +te maist anceant and godlie generale consellis quhilkis evir hes # bene sen +te tyme of Christ [\(Ale)xander, Epistola 1.; (Iren)eus, lib. 4., # (ca) 32., (Da)mascenus, (lib.) 4. De Fide (Ort)hodoxa., ca. (14.); # (Au)gust., lib. 8. (De) Ciuitate Dei., (ca) 35. Et lib. (19), ca 23; (Ru)pertus, # in (Com)menta. (su)per Exod.; (C)oncilium Nicenum.; (C)oncilium Ephesinum.;... # na of +te ...st consellis\] . (^I.^) In case all +te generale consellis and all +te # writaris quhilkis evir hes bene sen +te tyme of Iesus Christ had Interpret +te wordis of # +te latter supper as +ge haif done, It is ane fals and ane vngodlie # interpretatioun expres aganis +te scripture. (^Q.^) +ge suppone +te thing quhilk Is Impossible, ascrywand # Ignorance and wickitnes to +te Interpretatioun of +te disciplis of +te # apostlis and all vther faythfull ministeris quhilkis evir hes bene sen +te tyme of # Christ to +tir oure dayes. Thairfoir I am desyrous to heir +gou how +ge will preif # +tair Interpretatioun to be expres aganis +te scripture. (^I.^) I will preif It on +tis maneir: The apostle sanct # Paull in diuerss places testifeis +tat Iesus Christ oure salueour sufferit anis for vs # and is nevir to suffir agane, quhairby we ar assurit +tat oure salueoure was # offerit vp anis ane on +te croce for mannis redemptioun and is nevir to be offerit vp agane; and +ge say he is offerit vp daylie in # +te sacrifice of +te mess. How can +tir tua stand? [\(He)b. 9. et 10\] (^Q.^) It is treuth +tat Christ was offerit vp apon +te # croce and is nevir to be offerit vp agane eftir +tat maner as ane bludy sacrifice # [\A. 1.\] , and It is treuth +tat +te lordis body is offerit vp eftir ane vther # maner in +te sacrifice of +te mess, conforme to Christis commandiment, as ane vnbludy # sacrifice.

Forquhy, ane verite makis nocht ane vther verite fals # [\A.2.\] . (^I.^) +gour anser and ressoning apperis to me to be sumpart # obscure and difficle. +Tairfoir I wald +ge maid +gour sayingis maid plane. (^Q.^) To +te effect +tat +ge may +te mair easelie # vnderstand my sayingis, +ge sall mark +te difference betuix +te sacrifice of +te lordis # body on +te croce and +te sacrifice of +te mess, quhilkis in sumparte aggreis and in # sumpart differis [\A.3.\] . (^First,^) +tai aggre in safer as It is +te sam self body in # substance +tat is offerit vp In +te sacrifice of +te mess +tat was offerit vp # apon +te croce, conforme to Christis awin wordis, sayand [\Luc. 22.\] : "This Is my # body, quhilk Is gevin for +gou." (^Secundlie,^) It Is commwne to +te sacrifice of +te croce # and +te sacrifice of +te mess +tat, lyk as +te prophetis prophecit of +te sacrifice of # +te croce, Sua did +tai [\Daniel. 12.\] prophecie of +te sacrifice of +te mess, # and specialie +te prophet Malachie [\Mala. 1.\] , as I haif all reddy declarit. (^Thridlie,^) +tai aggre +tat, lyk as +te sacrifice of +te # croce, was prefigurate be mony diuers figuris and signis [\Nu. 21.\] , Sua was +te # sacrifice of +te mess prefigurate be +te preistheid and oblatioun of Melchisedech # [\A. 4.; Gen. 14.\] . (^In^) sumpartis thay differ, +tat +te lordis body was # offerit vp apon the croce in +te awin forme, visible and sensible; And +te lordis # body in +te sacrifice of +te mess is offerit vp vnder +te formis of # breid and wyne, Invisible and Insensible. Sua +tai differ in maner and forme of # offering vp, and nocht in substance. (^Feirdlie,^) +tai differ consideratioun beand had of +te # caus quhairfoir +te lordis body was offerit vp apon +te croce, And +te caus # quhairfoir +te lordis body is offerit vp in +te sacrifice of +te mess. The lordis # body was offerit vp apon +te croce to +te effect +tat we mycht obtene euerlastand # lyf, satisfactioun for syn, redemptioun fra +te captiuite and serwitude of +te # devill [\B.(1.)\] . The sacrifice of +te mess was institute be oure salueour in # +te latter supper, nocht as ane new satisfactioun or redemptioun, bot as ane new # sacrifice In commemoratioun and rememberance of Christis deyth and passioun [\B.(2.)\] , be +te vse of +te quhilk we ar maid parttakaris # of +te fructe of +te deyth and passioun of Iesus Christ oure salueour. (^I.^) It apperis +tat +te sacrifice of +te mess dois # obscure and diminiss +te gloir of +te sacrifice of +te croce. For gif +te sacrifice of the # croce was perfyt in +te self, quhat suld mister ane new sacrifice or ony may # sacrifices? (^Q.^) +ge sall consider +tat +te gloir of +te sacrifice of # +te croce Is na wayes obscurit nor diminissit be +te sacrifice of +te mess, bot # rather advansit [\B.(3.)\] insafer as +te mess Is bot ane sacrifice of # commemoratioun

quhairby ar applyit +te fructis off Christis deyth and # passioun obtenit be +te sacrifice of +te croce [\(He)b. 10.; (I)o. 3.\] , quhilk is +te # sacrifice of redemptioun. And albeit +te sacrifice on +te croce was in +te # self all wayes perfyte, nocht +teles It is necessar +tat +te fructis of +te # samyn be daylie renewit and applyit, as be +te sacrament of baptyme [\Io. # 3.\] , +te supper of +te lorde [\Io 6.; Luc. 22.\] , +te sacrifice of +te mess # [\1. Cor. 11.\] , and diuers vtheris maners off wayes, as +te scripture planelie # techis vs, quhilk argumentis na Imperfectioun to be in +te sacrifice of the # croce. For lyk as, ane perfyte medycyne beand applyit be diuers instrumentis # proper +tairfoir, +te instrumentis dois nocht argwne +te Imperfectioun of +te # medicyne, nor +git obscure +te gloir of +te samyn bot rather advansis, sua # +te sacrifice of +te croce (quhilk is +te onelie medycyne of oure redemptioun) Is # na wayes obscurit nor diminissit be +te sacrifice of +te mess, be # supper of +te lorde, +te sacrament of baptyme and diuerss v+teris, bot rather # advansit. For quhy, Christis deyth is +te medicyne [\Ephe. 5.; Rom. 5.; 1. # Cor. 15.\] , +te sacramentis and +te sacrifice of +te mess ar +te instrumentis, # cheif menis, and way quhairby +te fructis of Christis deyth and passioun is # daylie renewit and applyit. And lyk as men ar daylie subiect to +te hevy seiknes # of syn, sua It is necessar +tat +te medicyne of redemptioun be daylie # applyit +tairto, quhilk is nocht be renovatioun of Christis deyth and passioun, # bot be +te applicatioun of +te fructis of +te samyn in maner abone # rehersit. (^I.^) All wayis I think +ge quha vsis +te mess dois nocht # as Christ did in +te latter supper. For Christ in +te latter supper conmwnicate to # +te multitude, and +ge tak all to +gour self. (^Q.^) Be +te samyn argument I will cut +gour throte with # +gour awin suorde. Forquhy, Christ commwnicate eftir supper [\1. Cor. 11.\] , # and +ge of +te new learnyng communicatis vther tymes of +te day; Christ # commwnicate to +te tuelf apostlis in +te latter supper allanerlie [\Marc. # 14.\] , and +ge communicate till all men and wemen of +te congregatioun # indifferentlie. Sua do +ge nocht as Christ did in +te latter supper. Forquhy, # +te scripture makis na mentioun +tat +tair was ony wemen at +te # commwnioun in +te latter supper. Treulie, brother, and +ge be sua scrupulows scripturaris # +tat +ge will do na thing bot as Christ did towart +te vse of +te sacramentis, +ge # will subwert oure haill fayth and condemp +gour awin doingis. For quhair find # +ge +tat Christ evir appoynctit ane man to hald his awin barne to be # baptizate? I dar bauldlie say +tis ordinance was nevir of +te evangell, nor # +git of +te kirk of God nor na vther haifand iust authorite older of God or man. (^I.^) I persaif be +gour ressoning It is expedient +tat # +tair be diuers ceremoniis

and customes vsit in ministratioun of +te sacramentis, and als # In +te sacrifice of +te mess, quhilkis ar nocht contenit In scripture [\B.\] . (^Q.^) Treuth it is, albeit Iesus Christ oure salueour hes # appoinctit, be his worde and scripture, all thingis necessar for mannis # saluatioun as towart +te substance and effect, Nocht+teles, as towart +te cerimoniis # and maner how thais thingis salbe vsit quhilkis he has appoinctit for mannis # saluatioun, he referrit to his kirk and ministeris, to quhom he promisit +te # spreit of verite to +te end of +te warld [\(Io.) 14.\] . As be exemple, our # salueour, quhen he institute +te sacrament of baptyme, he commandit his apostlis # [\(Ma)th. 28.; Marc. vlt.\] +tat +tai suld baptize in the name of +te # Father, +te Sone, and +te halie Gaist. He appoynctit nolder tyme, nor place, nor quha suld beir witnes to thais +tat war baptizate; schortlie, he # appoinctit na kynd of cerimoniis concerning +te vse of +tis sacrament. # Lykwyse, quhen oure salueour institute in +te latter supper +te sacrifice of # the mess ( as towart +te substance and effect), he appoinctit nolder tyme, place, # nor multitude +tat suld communicate. Forquhy, in case +tair war ane persone # disposit to communicate, It war nocht ressone +tat persone suld be # frustrate of +te communioun onto +te tyme +te rest of +te congregatioun war # disposit to communicate. And sua +te preist, albeit he communicate onelie, he # Iniuris na wayes +te ordinance of Christ, considering he Is reddy at all tymes to # commwnicate to all vtheris beand disposit. (^I.^) I wald +ge maid me to vndirstand mair perfytlie how # oure salueour appoinctit be his worde all thingis necessar for mannis # saluatioun concerning +te effect and substance, and schew nocht be his worde +te # cerimoniis and maner how thais thingis suld be vsit, bot referrit to his # kirk. (^Q.^) For +te vnderstanding of +te samyn I will geif +gou # ane rude and familiar exemple. Ane potent prince beand of purpose to send # his commissionaris and ambassatouris to ane vther realme, he geiffis +tame +tair commissioun contenand certane heydis and articles beirand in # substance and effect +te purpose of +tair commissioun. Nocht+teles, It # is nocht contenit in +tair commissioun quhat tyme thai sall present +tair # commissioun, nor quhat garmontis +tai salbe cled withall +tat day +tai vse +tair # commissioun, nor +git na vther kynd of cerimoniis quhilkis ar necessar and expedient to set furth and decoir +tair commissioun. Sua Iesus # Chryst oure potent prince, he left his commissioun in his worde and # scripture contenand +te effect and substance of all thingis necessar for mannis # saluatioun. And as towart +te cerimoniis and maner how thais thingis ar # to be vsit, he referrit onto his kirk. And quhasumeuir will vse ony v+ter # cerimoniis towart +te ministratioun of +te sacramentis nor +te kirk hes obseruit # evir be perpetuall

successioun of tyme, sen +te tyme of the apostlis to +tir oure # dayes, +tai ar worthy to be cryit out on be all gude christiane men, # according to +te doctryne of sanct Paule, sayand [\(1) Cor. 11.\] : "Gif +tair # be ony man +tat apperis to be contencious, we haif nocht sic ane # consuetude, nor +git +te kirk of God." - As he wald say: gif ony pryvate man wald steir # vp scisme, diuisioun, and discorde amangis christiane men, vseand ony # vther cerimoniis or customes vther nor +te kirk of God hes evir vsit, he is # nocht to be hard. Quhairfoir +gour mischeant ministeris ar to be explodit and # repellit be all gude christiane men, with +tair new cerimoniis and # customes quhilkis war nevir obseruit nor vsit in +te kirk of God amangis na # christiane men sen +te fayth first began. (^I.^) I am neirby satiffeit with +gour ansueris towart all # +te argumentis movit be me incontrar +te mess. Bot I am nocht +git sufficientlie # persuadit +tat oure salueour offerit his body and blude in sacrifice at # his latter supper. (^Q.^) And +ge will mark diligentlie +te diffinitioun and # declaratioun of +te mess all reddy declarit, +ge haif iust occasioun (conforme to # +te scripturis) to be persuadit +tairwith. Nocht +te les, to geif +gou ferther # persuasioun, +ge sall consider +tat oure salueoure In +te latter supper institute # ane sacrament, quhilk +ge call +te commwnioun, and als +te sacrifice of +te # new testament, callit +te mess. Sua in +te latter supper he Institute bayth # ane sacrament and ane sacrifice [\A.\] . (^I.^) I vndirstand +tat oure salueour institute +te # commwnioun in +te latter supper, bot I can nocht vndirstand +tat he institute +te # sacrifice of +te mess. (^Q.^) For +te vnderstanding +tairof +ge sall consider +tat # +te preistheid and sacrifice of Aaron (quhilk was ane bludy sacrifice) ceissit # be +te bludy sacrifice of oure salueoure on +te croce, quha was +te fyne of # +te law [\Ro. 10.\] . Now man +ge consider +tat Iesus Christ oure salueour, # knawand +tat +te preistheid and sacrifice of Aaron (beand +te sacrifice of +te # auld testament) was to ceiss and tak ane end be his deyth and passioun, # Institute ane new sacrifice of +te new testament according to +te ordour of # Melchisedech. (^I.^) I vndirstand +tat all +te sacrifices of +te auld # testament ceissit be +te sacrifice of oure salueour on +te croce. Bot I do nocht +git # consider +tat oure salueour institute ane new sacrifice of +te new testament in # +te latter supper. (^Q.^) To geif +gou iust occasioun to consider +te samyn, I # will +git as of befoir call to rememberance +te wordis of +te latter supper, quhair # oure salueour gaif command to his apostlis, sayand: "Do +tis in # rememberance of me", be +te quhilkis wordis he commandit his apostlis nocht onelie # to eit his body and drink his blude, bot als to mak oblatioun of the # samyn. (^I.^) I vndirstand +tat oure salueour gaif command to his # apostlis to eit his body and drink his blude, bot I beleif +ge will nocht preif # propirlie be +te

wordis of +te latter supper +tat he commandit to mak oblatioun # of his body and blude. (^Q.^) I will preif propirlie +tat he maid oblatioun of his # body and blude in +te latter supper: be +te wordis of +te samyn, sayand [\Luc. # 22.\] : "Tak +ge, eit +ge; This is my body, quhilk Is gevin for +gou", - or # offerit for +gou, bayth Is ane in effect. (^I.^) It apperis to me +ge rehers the text wrang, for +te # text sayis [\(1) Cor. 11.\] : "This is my body, quhilk salbe gevin for +gou". +Tair # is ane grit difference betuix "salbe gevin for +gou" and "Is gevin for # +gou". (^Q.^) +ge sall be assurit +tat +tir wordis ar spokkin in # +te present tyme (as testifeis +te excellent clerk Erasmus) according to +te Greik # text, quhilk Is +te naturale text of +te new testament for +te maist part. (^I.^) Gevand +tat thir wordis war spokkin in +te present # tyme, +git +tair Is ane difference betuix +tir wordis: "This is my body, quhilk Is # gevin for +gou", and "offerit for +gou". (^Q.^) Thay will na man of Iugement or learning mak # difference betuix +tir wordis "gevin for +gou" and "offerit for +gou" as towart # +te effect, albeit +te phrase and maneir of speche differis. (^I.^) In case +tair be na difference, quhat will +ge infer # of +tat? (^Q.^) I will infer my intent, quhilk Is +tat our lorde maid # oblatioun of his body and blude in +te latter supper, and gaif conmand to his # apostlis to do +te samyn. Forquhy, gif our salueour in +te latter supper had # institute onelie +te conmwnioun, and nocht ane sacrifice, than had he sayd: # "Tak +ge, eit +ge; This is my body, quhilk is gevin to +gou", and # nocht "for +gou", becaus "gevin to +gou" includis onelie +te commwnioun, and # "gevin for +gou" includis nocht onelie +te commwnioun bot als ane # sacrifice, as +te phrase of +te wordis planelie declaris. Attour, +te oblatioun and sacrifice maid be oure salueour # in +te latter supper Is ane mair propir commemoratioun and rememberance of # +te sacrifice of +te croce nor Is +te commwnioun, quhairfoir +te # sacrifice of +te mess is callit ane sacrifice of commemoratioun. And sua +ge # may persaif be +te command quhilk oure salueour gaif to his apostlis, sayand # "Do +tis in rememberance of me", +tat he rather appoinctit +te sacrifice # of +te latter supper to be ane commemoratioun of his deyth and passioun nor # +te commwnioun. And +tis may +ge cleirlie persaif +tat oure salueour in +te # latter supper institute ane sacrament, quhilk Is callit +te commwnioun, and # als ane sacrifice of commemoratioun callit +te mess. And sua he # institute ane sacrament and ane sacrifice in +te latter supper. (^I.^) I pray +gou mak +gour argument formalie, +tat I may # persaif gif sua be.

(^Q.^) I will mak my argument on +tis maneir: The lorde gaif command to his apostlis in +te latter supper to # do as he did. The lorde maid oblatioun of his body and blude in +te latter # supper (as Is sufficientlie provin be +te plane text). It followis weill # +tat +te lorde gaif command to his apostlis to do +te samyn, sayand: "Do +tis in # rememberance of me" [\Luc. 22.\] . And to be assurit +tat +tis conclusioun is trew and propir, # aggreand with +te wordis of +te latter supper, I will mak +gou to vndirstand # +te samyn be conferrence of scripturis, as eftir followis. The psalmist [\(ps)al. 109.\] and als +te apostle sanct # Paull [\(He)b. 7.\] affirmis oure salueour to be ane preist for evir according to # +te ordour of Melchisedech, quha maid sacrifice and oblatioun of breid and # wyne onto God, as +te scripture planelie techis vs [\Gen. 14.\] . Now # will I ressone on +tis maneir: Reid all +te evangell quha pleissis, he sall find # in na place of +te evangell quhair oure salueoure vsit +te preistheid of # Melchisedech, declarand him self to be ane preist according to +te ordour of # Melchisedech, bot in +te latter supper, quhair he maid oblatioun of his # precious body and blude vnder +te forme of breid and wyne prefigurate be +te # oblatioun of Melchisedech [\(Cy)prianus, lib (2.) Epistola 3.; (A)mbros., # lib. (4) De Sacramentis, (c)a. 3.; (A)ugust., lib. (1)7. De Ciuita. (D)ei, # ca 17.; (L)utherus in (p)sal. 109.\] . Than ar we compellit to affirme # +tat oure salueour maid oblatioun of his body and blude in +te latter # supper, or ellis he was nocht ane preist according to +te ordour of # Melchisedech, quhilk Is expres aganis +te scripture [\(P)sal. 109.; Heb. 7.\] . (^I.^) Sua beand +tat Melchisedech maid oblatioun of breyd # and wyne onto God, +gour argument hes grit apperence. (^Q.^) The scripture declaris +te samyn sua planelie as It # leiffis na place of dout [\Gen. 14.; (H)ierom. in Psal. 109.; Aug., lib 16. De # Ciuitate Dei, ca. (2)2.; (T)heophilac., (de) Epistola ad Heb., (c)a. 5.; # (A)rnobius in (P)sal. 109.; Beda in (M)arc. lib. (4.) ca. 14.;...sa. 26.\] . Ferther # +ge sall consider +tat, lyk as ane tre haiffand +te leiffis dilatate and spred, # +te sone schynand +tairapon, everie leif of +te tre castis ane vmbre # correspondent +tairto, And everie vmbre of +te tre has ane leyf correspondent to It, Sua # It is +tat everie figure of +te auld testament has sum place of +te new # testament correspondent +tairto, and euery misterie of +te new testament has sum place # of +te auld testament correspondent to It. As be exemple, Thair is na dout # bot +te sacrifice of +te paschale lamb was ane figure of +te sacrifice # of +te lordis body on +te croce [\B.\] . Nocht+teles, +tat figure was nocht correspondent in all partis to It +tat was done apon the # croce, bot rather to It +tat was done in +te latter supper. For quhy, we reid # [\Exod. 1(2.)\]

+tat +te lamb was offerit in sacrifice be +te Hebreanis in # recordatioun of +te benefice be +te quhilk +te peple of Israell war deliuerit fra # +te seruitude of Pharao and +te bringin out of Egipt. Bot +te sacrifice of the # croce was nocht ane recordatioun of ony benefice, bot It was +te self # benefice, +te samyn self liberatioun fra syn, +te samyn self redemptioun fra +te # captiuite of +te devill. Quhairfoir It was necessar +tat be +te Immolatioun of +te # paschale lamb ane v+ter Immolatioun, besydis It done on +te croce, suld be # signifeit, +te quhilk in +te latter supper was done [\Luc. 22.; 1. Cor. # 1(1.)\] . Than man we conclude (conforme to +te scripturis) +tat, lyk # as +te sacrifice of +te paschale lamb was ane commemoratioun of +te benefice # and gudenes of almychtie God towart +te peple of Israell, quhair +tai war # deliuerit fra +te seruitude and tyrannie of Pharao, Evin sua Is +te sacrifice of # +te lordis body in +te latter supper, callit +te mess, ane perpetuall # commemoratioun and rememberance of +te grit gudenes of almychtie God, quhair he # deliuerit +te haill warld fra +te tyrannie and seruitude of +te devill be # +te sacrifice on +te croce. And sua +te sacrifice of the croce and +te sacrifice of # +te mess in all partis ar correspondent to +te figure and sacrifice of +te # paschale lamb. Attour, It is sure +tat Iesus Christ our salueour come to # fulfill +te law, nocht to brek +te law [\Math.5.\] . It was commandit be +te law # [\Exod. 1(2.)\] to mak oblatioun of the paschale lamb afoir It was # eittin. Sua It was necessar +tat oure salueour had first maid oblatioun of his # body afoir he gaif +te samyn to be eittin, to +te effect +tat +te # verite suld correspond to +te figure. Quhairfoir we ar compellit to affirme +tat oure # salueour maid oblatioun of his body in +te latter supper afoir he gaif +te # samyn to be eittin, or ellis +te verite was nocht correspondent to the figure, # quhilk is aganis all verite. And +tis may +ge cleirlie persaif +tat +te paschale # lamb was nocht onelie ane figure of +te sacrifice of +te croce, bot ane mair expres # figure of +te sacrifice of +te mess [\B.1.\] , as is sufficientlie provin. (^I.^) I think +tat +te figuris of +te auld testament ar # nocht sufficient confirmatioun of materis of fayth conserning +te new testament [\B. 2.\] . (^Q.^) +ge think all wrang, becaus +gour thocht Is aganis # +te scripture. Dois nocht oure salueour [\Math. 12.\] confirme his bureing till # indure thre dayes and thre nychtis be +te figure of Ionas +te prophet? # Dois nocht Peter [\(1.) Pet. 3.\] preif baptym necessar be +te figure of +te # Ark of Noe, affirmand all +tame to haif perissit quhilkis war out of It? # Lykwyse Paull [\(G)alat. 4.\] callis to rememberance +te tua sonnis of # Abraham to haif signifeit +te tua testamentis. This we may persaif +te # speciall materis of oure fayth contenit in +te new testament to be confirmit be +te # figuris of +te auld testament. (^I.^) I am sufficientlie satisfeit with +gour conferrence # of scripturis, bayth

auld testament and new, and thinkis +tame propir to +te # purpose. Nocht+teles, I am desyrous to knaw be quhat vther menis and way +ge will # persuade +tat oure salueour institute +te sacrifice of +te mess in +te # latter supper. (^Q.^) I will persuade +te samyn be +te vniuersale doctryne, # interpretatioun, and consent of +te auld anceant fatheris Interpretouris of +te # scripturis of almychtie God, bayth Greikis and Latinistis, to gidder with +te deliberatioun of +te maist anceant and notable generall # consellis quhilkis evir hes beyn sen +te fayth began. (^I.^) Think +ge +tat +te doctryne and Interpretatioun of # +te auld wrytaris concerning +te misterie of +te supper of +te lorde Is sufficient to # persuade +te sacrifice of +te mess? (^Q.^) Treulie, I am perswadit be invincible ressouns, # quhilkis ar aggreable with +te scripturis of almychtie God [\Luc. 24.; Io. 16.\] , # +tat +te auld wrytaris (specialie thais quhilkis war disciplis to +te # apostlis) had +te trew mynd and vnderstanding of +te misteriis of +te scripture, # specialie of +te wordis of +te latter supper, quhairby +tai vnderstude +te # sacrifice of +te mess [\A.\] . (^I.^) I pray +gou lat me heir +gour ressonis. (^Q.^) +ge sall consider +tat eftir +te ascentioun of oure # salweour +te spreit of verite enterit in +te hartis of the apostlis [\Luc. 24.; # Io. 16.\] , gevand +tame full instructioun of all places of scripture quhair oure # salueour had spokkin in parabolis, and all vtheris misteriis of +te scripturis # concerning oure fayth and trew vndirstanding of +te samyn [\Ireneus, (lib.) 3., ca. # 3.\] . Now man +ge vnderstand +tat, lyk as +te spreit of verite gaif # instructioun to +te apostlis of all +te misteriis of +te scripturis, Sua did +te apostlis # geif instructioun to +tair disciplis of all +te misteriis of +te scripturis # necessar to be knawin for ane christiane mannis saluatioun: quha war +te prymatywe kirk # (as I wald say), +te begynnaris of +te faythfull congregatioun # Immediatlie nixt to +te apostlis. Quhairfoir, quhen sumeuir questioun is for +te # vndirstanding of +te misteriis of +te scripture, specialie +te sacramentis and # +te rycht vse of +tame ( quhilkis but dout ar +te maist profund # misteriis in all +te scripturis), It is ane assurit way to haif recours to +te auld # anceant wrytaris, specialie thais quhilkis war disciplis to +te apostlis and # martyris for +te fayth of Iesus Christ, to haif trew instructioun bayth of +te # sacramentis and of +te rycht vse of +tame, as +te kirk of God has evir techit vs be # perpetuall successioun of tyme, sen +te tyme of +te apostlis to +tir oure # dayes, conforme to +te doctryne and interpretatioun of +te scripture maid be # +tame quha war disciplis to +te apostlis, and als conforme to +te # deliberatioun of +te generale consellis (dewlie convenit), to quhom It appertenis to tak # ordour In all materis doutsum concerning +te fayth, conforme to +te # scripture.

(^I.^) I think it (treulie) in my conscience to be of verite # +tat +te disciplis of +te apostlis had +te trew vndirstanding of all +te misteriis # of +te scripturis necessar to be knawin for ane christiane mannis saluatioun, # specialie of +te profund misterie of +te supper of +te lorde, quhair of Is # gadderit the sacrifice of +te mess. Quhairfoir I am desyrous to knaw +te sayingis of # +te auld writaris (specialie of thais quhilkis war disciplis to +te # apostlis) towart the mess, and gif +tai mak mentioun of It into +tair werkis. [\B.\] (^Q. Ignacius^) (quha was sanct Iohnis disciple) sayis # [\(Ig)nacius, (Episto)la ad (Sm)irnenses.\] : "It is nocht leifful to offer, nor to mak # sacrifice, nor say mess, without +te bischopis authorite or consent." # Hidderto Ignacius. (^Clemens^) (quha was sanct Peters disciple) wrytis on +tis # maneir [\Clemens, (E)pistola 2. ad (Ia)cobum Fra(tr)em Dominj.\] : "Nane of +te # preistis sall say mess in his parrochin, nor baptize, nor do ony vther # thing, without permissioun of +te bischop. Thir sayingis +te apostlis ressauit # of +te lorde and gaif to ws, and we teche +te samyn to +gou, and # commandis +gou to hald and teche +te samyn to all men without reprehensioun." # Hidderto Clemens.- Mark how +tir disciplis of +te apostlis makis # mentioun of +te mess. (^Alexander^) (quha was martyrit for +te fayth of Iesus # Christ fouretene hundreth thretty nyne +geiris bypast) writis on +tis maneir # [\Alexander, 4., (Ep. 1.)\] : "Oure lordis passioun is to be rehersit in all # solemniteis of +te mess. With sic sacrifice +te lorde is delytit and # pacifeit [\A. 1.\] , and will forgeif grit synnis. For amangis all sacrifices +tair can # be na thing gretar +tan oure lordis body and blude; +tair is na sacrifice bettir # nor +tis. This excellis all vtheris, quhilk man be offerit onto +te lorde # with ane pure conscience and ressauit with ane cleyn mynd and worschippit # with all men." [\A. 2.\] Hidderto Alexander.- Mark how +tis godlie # martyr affirmis +te mess to be ane sacrifice for syn, and als to be # worschippit with all men. (^Ireneus^) (Polycarpus disciple, quha was disciple to sanct # Iohne +te evengelist, and martyrit for +te fayth of Iesus Christ threttene hundreth # fourescoire fywe +geiris bypast) writis on +tis maneir [\Ireneus, (lib.) # 4., ca. (17.)\] : "Christ tuke breid and gaif thankis, sayand 'This is my body', # and tuke +te chalice of wyne and confessit it to be his blude [\Luc. 22.; 1. # Cor. 11.\] , and techit ane new sacrifice of +te new testament, quhilk +te # kirk rasaifand of +te apostlis offerit onto God in all +te haill warld." # Hidderto Ireneus.- Mark how this godlie marthir affirmis +tat oure salueour in # +te latter supper techit ane new sacrifice of +te new testament, quhilk +te kirk # ressauit of +te apostlis. (^Cypriane^) (quha was martyrit for +te fayth of Iesus # Christ tuelf

hundreth fourescoir sextene +geiris bypast) wrytis on +tis # maneir [\Cypria(ne,) Epistola (3.), lib. 2.\] : "Gif oure lorde Iesus Christ - and # God him self - be +te hie preist of God +te Father and be him self did first # offer ane sacrifice to God +te Father, and has commandit +te samyn to be done in # rememberance of him [\(Lu)c. 22.; (1.) Cor. 11.\] , +tat preist is veralie # Christis vicare quhilk dois follow +tat thing quhilk Christ hes done." # Hidderto Cypriane. And als he affirmis +tat Christ Is +te authour and techear of # +te sacrifice of +te mess. (^Chrisostome,^) ane anceant Greik wrytar and doctour Alevin # hundreth fiftie [{and{] sevin +geiris bypast, writis on +tis maneir # [\(C)hrisosto., (Ho)m. 2. (in) 2. Timoth. (ca.) 1.\] : "Christ has preparit ane mekle # mair wondirfull and magnificent sacrifice, bayth quhen he changeit # +te sacrifice It self and als quhen he did command him self to be offerit in # sted of brutale beistis, quhilkis war offerit in +te auld law." # [\(Lu)c. 22.; (1) Cor. 11.\] Hidderto Chrisostome. He wrytis in ane vther place # [\(ca.) 4. De (Di)gnitate (Sac)erdotali, (lib.) 3\] , sayand: "O grit gude # will of God towart vs! O miracle! He +tat sittis apon +te rycht hand of # +te Father in hevin abuif is contenit in mennis handis in tyme of +te # sacrifice." Alsua he sayis in ane vther place: "Do we nocht offer sacrifice daylie? # We do offer, bot doing it in rememberance of Christis deyth [\(Lu)c. 22.; # (1) Cor. 11.\] . And +tis hoist is ane, nocht mony [\(He)b. 9. et (10).\] . How # is it ane, and nocht mony? And +tat oblatioun was anis offerit in to hevin. # Bot +tis sacrifice is ane exemple of +tat. We do offer +te samyn self # thing. We offer nocht +te day ane lamb (Christ) and +te morne ane vther, bot # evir +te samyn self thing. Quhairfoir +tis sacrifice is ane; or ellis, be # +tat ressone +tat it is offerit in mony places, ar +tai mony Christis? Na thing les, # bot thair is ane Christ oure all quhair, being heir all haill and thair all # haill: ane body. For as +tat quhilk is offerit In everie place is ane body, # evin sua it is ane sacrifice. Bot he is oure bischop, quhilk offerit ane sacrifice makand vs cleyn. We do offer +te samyn, and +tat quhilk was # than offerit can nocht be now conswmat." Hidderto Chrisostome, oute of # quhais wordis mony notable lessouns may be collectit In contrar +te # railling ressoning and mischeant mokrie off vane men in +tir dayes # aganis +te mess. (^Ambrose,^) ane anceant doctour approvin be +te kirk of # God, Alevin hundreth threscoir and sextene +geiris bypast, wrytis on +tis # maneir [\Ambrosius, (in) Psal. 38.\] : "We haif seyn +te prince of # princis cum onto vs, we saw him and hard him offer for wss his blude. Lat # vs, preistis, follow as we may offer sacrifice for +te peple, althocht we be # waik be oure deserving, +git we ar honorable throucht +te sacrifice # [\A. 1.\] . For albeit Christ is nocht seyn to be offerit, nevir +teles he is offerit # apon +te erth quhen

his body is offerit. +ge, he is declarit planelie to offer it # in vs, quhais wordis makis halie +te sacrifice quhilk Is offerit. Hidder to Ambrose. (^Augustyne,^) ane excellent doctour approvin be +te kirk, # alevyn hundreth fiftie sex +geiris bypast, reprevit Aerius as ane heretyk # [\August., li(b. de) Heres. Heres. (53.)\] , becaus he said (as mony sayis now of # sobir knawlege) +tat men suld nocht pray for +te deid nor offir sacrifice for # +tame. He wrytis +tis concerning +tat mater [\In Enchirid(ion), ca. 110.\] : # "It is nocht to be denyit +tat +te saullis of men departit ar relevit throucht # +te godlines of +tair freyndis on lyf, quhen +te sacrifice of oure mediatour Christ # Is offerit for +tame." Hidderto Augustyne. He wrytis in ane v+tir place # [\Sermo 11, De Sacra...\] , sayand: "Quhen +te sacrifice of +te altare or # almous is offerit for +te deid quhilkis war baptizate, +tai ar thankis gevin for # +tame +tat be verray gude peple; and for +tame quhilkis ar nocht verray # evill, +tai ar propiciatiouns or purchasingis of mercy and favour of God." He # writis in ane vther place [\A.2.; Sermo 32, De Verbis A(postoli.)\] , # sayand: "It is nocht to be douttit bot +te saullis departit ar helpit be +te # halie kirkis prayeris and +te sacrifice of saluatioun and almous, # quhen +tai ar gevin for +tame at God suld deill mair mercifullie with +tame # +tan thair synnis had deserwit". Hidderto Augustyne. - Mark how +tis # godlie doctour and bischop affirmis +te sacrifice of +te mess to be # propiciatorie and helplyk for thais +tat be departit. According to +te samyn wrytis ane excellent and anceant # father, (^Tertuliane^) , thretteyn hundreth fourescoir and sexteyn +geiris bypast # [\(Ter)tulianus, (C)orona Militis.; (O)bet mess.\] : "We mak oblatioun, for # thais quhilkis ar departit, +geirlie +te day of +tair departing." # [\B.\] Hidderto Tertuliane. (^Gregour,^) ane godlie doctour approvin be +te kirk of God, # nyne hundreth threscoir +geiris bypast, writis on +tis maneir [\Gregorius # Magnus, Hom. (37). in Evang.\] : "Lat ws send (brethir) onto God oure # messingeris be weiping, gevin almous, and offering of +te halie hoistis. For # +te sacrifice of +te halie altare, offerit vp with weiping and devotioun of # mynd, dois singularie help onto oure absolutioun fra sin. For als oft tymes as we # offer onto him +te sacrifice of his passioun, sua oft do we repair and # apply to vs his passioun for oure absolutioun." Hidderto Gregour.- Mark how # +tis godlie doctour dois affirme +te fructis of Christis deyth and # passioun to be applyit be +te sacrifice of +te mess. Gif I wald call to rememberance all +te sayingis of +te # godlie fatheris quhilkis treittis according +tis purpose, (^oure colloquium^) # and ressoning suld exceid +te boundis and grow to ane grit werk. Quhairfoir, will # we now schortlie reherss +te sayingis of +te maist notable generale # consellis towart this purpose.

(^The consel Nicene,^) quhylk was +te first generale concell # eftir +te tyme of +te apostlis, approvin in all ageis, tuelf hundreth tuenty sex # +geiris bypast [\Histo. Trip., (lib.) 2., ca. 1.\] , writis and sayis on +tis # maneir: "Disponand oure selfis onto +te godlie table, lat vs nocht luke # sclendirlie apon +te breid and coupe set befoir vs, bot lat vs lift vp our mynd be fayth, # vndirstanding in +tat halie table to be +te lamb of God taikand away +te # synnis of +te warld, offerit be +te preistis without blude. And we, ressaifand # veralie his preciouse body and blude, aucht to beleif +tame to be +te plege of oure # resurrectioun." [\A.\] Hidderto +te concell. (^The generall^) concell haldin at Ephesus alevin hundreth # tuenty aucht +geiris bypast (quhair into wass condempnit +te errour of # Nestorius) wrytis on +tis maner [\Concilium Ephesin(um)\] : "We do offer ane # vnbludy sacrifice. Alsua we cum onto +te halie sacrament, and ar maid # halie beand part takaris of +te halie body and blude of Iesus Christ, # quhilk wass maid redemar of vs all: nocht ressaifand It as conmwne flesche (God # forbid +tat), nor as +te flesche of ane man maid halie and Iwnit # onto +te Sone of God be ane vnite of worthines or ellis as being ane mansioun of # God, bot as +tat quhilk veralie geifis lyf onto mennis saull and was maid # propir onto Goddis awin Sone him self." Hidderto +te concell. - Mark how +tir tua # anceant concellis dois appreif +te sacrifice of +te mess, and als +te # reale presence of +te lordis body in +te sacrament of +te altare. (^I.^) Treulie, +te sayingis of +te auld wrytaris, and als # +te sayingis of +te generale concellis ar verray propir for +gour purpose # concerning +te sacrifice of the mess. Quhairfoir I wald pray +gou +tat # +ge will mak ane schorte rehers of +te effect and substance of +gour ressoning, # specialie declarand +te forme of +gour confirmatiouns, quhilk wilbe ane # grit eiss for my memorie. (^Q.^) For satisfactioun of +gour desyr, +ge sall consider # +tat +te markispoinct of oure ressoning is to knaw gif +te mess be ane sacrifice # Institute be Iesus Christ oure salueour in +te latter supper. For +te mair perfyt # vnderstanding of +te samyn I diffinit +te mess; and to preif +te # diffinitioun +tairof, I groundit me apon +te wordis of +te latter supper, quhair oure salueour # gaif command to his apostlis - and all vtheris faythfull ministeris in his # kirk - to offer his body and blude in sacrifice, sayand [\Luc. 22.\] : "Do +tis in # rememberance of me." And to be assurit +tat +tis is +te trew mynd and # vndirstanding of +te wordis In the latter supper: (^First^) I callit to rememberance the sayingis of +te # prophet Malachie [\Mala. 1.\] , quhairby we ar instructit +tat +te sacrifice of # +te auld testament (quhilk was according to +te ordour of Aaron) ceissit and ane # cleyn sacrifice succedit in +te place of It, institute be oure salueour in +te # latter supper,

quhilk is +te sacrifice of +te new testament according to +te # ordour of Melchisedech, callit +te mess. (^Secundlie,^) I confirmit +te wordis of +te latter supper # and als +te sayingis of +te prophet Malachie to be vndirstand as said is be +te wordis # of the apostle sanct Paull [\Heb. 7.\] , and als +te sayingis of +te prophete # Dauid [\Psal. 109.\] , quhair +tai do affirme oure salueour to be ane preist # according to +te ordour of Melchisedech, be quhais sayingis we ar compellit to affirme +tat oure salueour offerit his body and blude vnder # +te formes of breyd and wyne in +te latter supper, or ellis he was nocht ane # preist according to +te ordour of Melchisedech. (^Thridlie,^) we confirmit +te mess to be ane sacrifice be # +te figure of +te paschale lamb [\Exod. 12.\] , quhilk was nocht onelie ane # figure of +te sacrifice of redemptioun maid on +te croce, bot als ane figure # of +te sacrifice of commemoratioun institute be oure salueour in +te latter # supper [\Math. 26.\] . (^Feirdlie,^) we confirmit be diuers testimoniis of +te new # testament [\1. Pet. 3.; Galat. 4.\] +te figuris of +te auld testament to be # sufficient confirmatioun of +te sacrifice of +te mess, lyk as +tai ar sufficient # confirmatioun of vtheris misteriis concerning +te fayth. (^Fiftlie,^) we confirmit +te sacrifice of +te mess be +te # Interpretatioun of +te scripturis according to +te doctryne of +te auld fatheris. (^Sextlie,^) be Invincible ressouns aggreable with +te # scripture [\Luc. 24.; Io. 10; Ireneus, (lib.) 3., ca. 3.\] we previt +te # interpretatioun of +te auld fatheris towart +te supper of +te lorde to be sufficient # confirmatioun and preif of +te sacrifice of +te mess. (^Last^) of all, we confirmit +te sacrifice of +te mess be # +te deliberatioun and sayingis of +te maist notable generall concellis # [\Concili(um) Nicenum, Concili(um) Ephesin(um)\] quhilkis evyr hes bene sen +te tyme # of +te apostlis, to quhome It appertenis (deulie convenit) to tak # ordour in all materis doutsum concerning +te fayth. And sua I beleif +tat +tir confirmatiouns ar sufficient to # preif +tat +te mess Is ane sacrifice according to +te ordinance and institutioun # of Iesus Christ oure salueour in +te latter supper. Gif +tair be ony man # offendit with +tir sayingis and ressouns, lat +tame mark +te place or # testimonie of scripture allegeit or applyit be me Impropirlie for # confirmatioun of +tis caus, and mak +te redar to vndirstand +te samyn be o+teris # scripturis and ressouns propirlie allegeit and applyit in +te contrar. (^I.^) I persaif, quha evir will Impung +gour sayingis # towart +te confirmatioun of +te sacrifice of +te mess, thai sall nocht haif +gou onelie # to +tair partie, bot als +tai sall haif thais quhilkis war disciplis to +te # apostlis, to gidder with +te

rest of +te anceant fatheris and generale concellis to be in # +tair contrar, quhilk is na litle mater to ony pryvate man to attempt, specialie # quhair questioun is for +te vndirstanding or +te profund misteriis of +te # scripture. Nocht+teles, I will speir +git ane questioun at +gou, albeit It be # Impertinent to +te purpose, sua +ge will nocht be offendit. (^Q.^) Treulie, brother, I lyk nocht digressiouns, specialie # in sa wechtie ane mater as we haif in hand. Nocht+teles, I will heir +gour # questioun. (^I.^) Quhat is +te caus of +tis grit variance of opinioun # quhilk is rissyn laitlie amangis christin men for maters of the fayth? [\B.\] (^Q.^) +gour questioun is mair difficle to anser to nor ony # questioun +git proponit; It comprehendis sua mony heidis. (^I.^) I heir say +tat preistis, monkis and freiris, and +ge # abbottis, priouris, and bischoppis hes bene +te first Inventaris of +tis dangerous # danse cumin amangis vs temporale men, sua +tat +ge kirkmen has +te haill # wyte of all +te cummyr amangis vs temporale men for +te fayth. (^Q.^) +ge sall wit +tat thare Is kirkmen evin as Iudas was # ane apostle, sua +tat +te speciall caus, eftir my Iugement, of all kynd of # variance in religioun and mischeif amangis christiane men for +te fayth, # Is +tat princis has vendicat dispositioun of benefices, disponand +tame to # vnqualifeit men ass temporale revarde. Haif we nocht seyn in oure dayes Ane # bletour stert vp to be ane bischop, Ane awn to be ane abbote, Ane pultroun # to be ane priour, ane pelour to be ane persone, Ane veill to be ane # vicar, Ane kow to be ane curate? Quhen sic monstruous ministeries, blindit # in Ignorance, drownit in lustis, ar appoinctit to haif authorite in +te kirk # of God, quhat wonder is it +tat +te warld be confundit with hereseis, factioun, and # opinioun as it is? For I dar bauldlie say: sua lang as we haif sic pestilent # precheouris to be oure pastouris, sic Ignorant awns to be oure abbottis, sic # prowd pultrouns to be oure priowris - quha, vnder +te pretense of +te liberte # of +te evangell, seikis onelie +te liberte of +tair flesche, takand # na thocht to subuert +te haill ordour, policie, and religioun of christindome sua # +tai may suage +tair insaciable sensualite -, sa lang sall +tair nevir be gude # ordour nor quietnes in +te kirk of God. As to me, I will say na thing, # bot thankis to God +tair is nane sic in +tis realme, as +te experience daylie # techis vs. Lat vs +tairfoir returne to oure purpose. (^I.^) I can say na ferther to +tis purpose pertenand to +te # mess presentlie. Bot I pray God, gif all thais in +tis realme quhilkis ar # perturbate with factioun and opinioun had harde and vnderstude oure ressoning, # +tan, I think, +tair suld nocht be sa mony criaris oute aganis +te # blissit sacrifice of +te mess, calland It Idolatrie, nocht knawand quhat +te mater # menis. (^Q.^) I will geif +gou ane persuasioun contenand thre # heidis, quhairby

+ge salbe assurit +tat +te mess is nocht Idolatrie. (^The^) # first heid salbe groundit on +te auld testament. (^The^) secund heid on +te new # testament. (^The^) thrid on ane notable doctryne set furth be ane anceant wrytar # callit (^Vincentius^) Lirinensis, alevin hundreth +geir syne and mair. [^THE MAR LODGE TRANSLATION OF THE HISTORY OF SCOTLAND BY HECTOR BOECE. ED. GEORGE WATSON. VOL. I. SCOTTISH TEXT SOCIETY, THIRD SERIES, 17. EDINBURGH AND LONDON 1946. SAMPLE 1: PP. 158.1-187.20 SAMPLE 2: PP. 257.1-286.20^]

[}HOW CLAUDIUS WERIT APOUN ORKNAY; OF +TE COMMODITEIS OF +TE CUNTRE, AND HOW HAVING THE KING CAPTIVE HE TRYUMPHIT ON +TE ORKNAYIS. CAP=O= XIJ=O=}] Hereefter the Emprioure Claudius providing +tat without presoneris and blude of inemyis he suld nocht returne to Rome, +tat +tarethrow his tryumphale suld be les glorios~ +tan he belevit, inflammyt alanerlie be desire of victorie, he devisit with awfull ordinance vesy +te Ilis of Orknay, +te # extreme and vtmest of +te occiane, allegiand +te Orknayis, (quham he belevit be sobir bargane mycht be vincust), had in +te weris precedent assistit to +te Albianis contrare Romanis. Syne within few dayis furnist in all necessaris for +te expedicioun apoun Orknay, and ordering all his affaris in Britane, takand with him plegeis, fyndand fare wynd and gude weddir for +te saill, ffra Britan he departit towart Orknay. Quhen he approchit to +te ilis, be contrare tydis in Pichtland Firth, in stark stremys rynnyng betuix +te promontoure of Dwne and Orknay, naroly he evadit drownyng. Ffinalie with grete laubouris, nocht without dangere of his liffe, he wan +te land of Orknay. Na man in +te ile quhare he first arrivit was sene, ffor the inhabitantis, (quhilk at cuming of Romanis ran to +te coist syde), war affrayit be multitude of +te navyn and # fled fra +te sey, lurkand in cavernys and cavis amang craggis. Leiffand +tis ile as denude of pepill, with his army he salit to +te Ile of Pomonia, (now Kirkwale), quhare landing his folkis and waling ane convenient place for +te camp, he tuke with him Vespasiane to ane hicht to explore the nature of +te ilis. Quhen be skurreouris he was certifyit the ilis aboundit abone estimacioun in schepe, nolt, hors~, gate, cwnyngis, swannys, crannys, herons, pluvaris, capons, geis~, dowis and mony vthir sortis siclike, for +te vse of men; and how in Orknay was nowder wolf, fox, taid, serpent nor vthir noysum vnbeist; the fertill ground producit cornys of diuers~ sortis quharewith +te feildis war plennyst for +te present; in +te # sey, beside aboundit fisch, quhilk be litill lauboure mycht be # takin;

inhabitantis grewe weill in age, liffit mony +geris, passit # +tare tyme with gude heill of persoun, and +tarefore vse of # medicinaris was almaist amang +tame vnknawin; he ammervellit mekill and thocht +tat +te Ilis of Orknay for fertilite, # temperate and halesum are, mycht be preferrit to mony vthir regiouns be testifying of famous~ authouris apprisit. On +te morne +te emprioure, be certane captivis of rurall bodijs, was certifijt within xij mylis fra +te Romane camp was ane castell, be craft and naturall situacioun strenthy and strang. In the samyn was Ganus, king of Orknay, the quene and his barnys. Tharefore he send ane cumpanye of weremen to assege +te fortalice. Romanys apoun +tare vyage saw apoun ane hill beside, to +te nowmer of ij=m= inhabitantis quhilkis had cumin fra +te ilis adiacent, cavernis and covis quhare +tai had all nycht lurkit. At +te strange sicht of Romanis the Orknayis war affrayit. Bot Romanis persewand and Orknayis seand na place to fle, +tai tuke hardyment and with terribill # schowtis ruschand apoun Romanis the batell, scharp and kene ane quhile was +te bargane. Ffinalie +te inhabitantis war rebutit, and all for +te maist parte slane or takin. Ffew +tat evadit fled to +te nixt castell. Be +tis victorie Romanis reiosing # tranoyntit to +te castell, assail+geing it with ane strang assege. Certane dayis +te garnison within be grete force sustenit +tare assaltis. Ffynalie, quhen nowder be +tare pussance mycht +tai resist, nor nane esperance was to haue reskew fra # nychtbouris, wilfully to Romanis +tai become randerit. In +te castell tane was Ganus king, +te quene and his barnis, and in irenys led to +te schippis. In +te castell Claudius certane dayis # remanit, and vesyit +te vthir ilis. Sone eftir, findand wynd and tyde convenient, with his armye fra thyne he departit and on +te aucht day arrivit at Calice, quhare Romanis landing, becaus be batellis, weris, walking and saling, +tai war wery, be # tollerance of +te empriour +tai gaif +tame certane days to rest. In +tis sort the Orknay weris fynissit, be ane licht bargane # without mekill blude. The Empriour Claudius to Rome returnit, quhare with mekill pompe he tryumphit, having Ganus, king of Orknay, his barnis and v+teris captivis, with the plegeis of Britan led in tryumphe before his chariot. Of +tis expedicion

made be Claudius, first in Britan, syne in Orknay, authouris ar Swetonius Tranquillus, Ewtropius and Bede; amang vtheris mare recent, Schir Iohne Campbell and Cornelius Hiber. This tyme +te apostill Petir fra Antioche went to Italie, eftir he had constitute grete nowmer of kirkis in Asia, and in Rome preicheand +te ewangell, began +te origin of the kirk militant, and siclike was +te Assumpcion of +te glorios~, incontamynate Virgine Marie, moder of our Saluatoure, Ihesus, to +te celestiall glore in +te v +gere of +te Empriour Claudius and oure Redempcion xlvij. Now to our historie lat ws returne. [}HOW ARVIRAG REPUDIAT HIS QUENE AND SPOUSIT ANE ROMANE LADY; HOW WALIS AND VTHIR SCHIRIS CONTRARE HIM CONSPIRIT, AND WAR VINCUST. CAPTO XIIJ=O=}] Arviragus, (as said is), be authorite of +te empriour regnyng in Britane, repudiat and incarcerate his iust spous~, Voada, sister to Caratak, king of Scotland, eftir apoun hir he had gottin ane onelie son and twa dochteris, syne be incestuos~ mariage copulate to him Genissa, ane nobill Romane woman. It was plane this divorce was made be slicht and polecy of Aulus Planctius, be quhais avise and counsell all thingis war done within Britan, +tat quhen the affinite betuix King # Caratake and Aruyrag war dissoluit, gif Britouns wald ony tyme contrare Romanis rebell, thay suld lippin na supple fra Scottis. The heris of Walis and Tegenis, (quhilkis of +te commoun weill and honoure of +tare prince tuke grete cure), knawing +te repudie of +te quene, weying hevily +te lichtlynes done to +tat nobill woman, euer lauboring for weill of +te Britan kinrik, and +tat +tare king without avise of his counsell had myxt his kyn and blude with Romanis, be mony resouns tendit persuade him to resaue of new Voada, his derrest spous~, quhilk mony +geris had liffit with him in iuste matrymone, and excluding +te Romane adulterare suld intertenye his lady of +te blude royall, as efferit ane princes, memorative of +te fare barnis apoun hir procreate +tat to thame na thing mortall may be to men # preferrit,

and suld in mynde revolue quhat vtilite mycht follow apoun affinite with nychtboure naciouns gif be aventure inemyis wald invade, and suld be vigilant +tat be flatterie of Romanis he suld nocht birn in wilfulnes to his awne dammage, # quharethrow he and his liegis mycht be seperate fra +tare confederatis and freyndis be ane new pestilent fantasie of ane corruptit woman. Quhen be +tir persuasiouns and diuers~ vtheris thay had lang tyme in vane assayit +te kingis mynde, and be his wordis and doingis +tai fand nocht ellis bot be plesuris of his new spousage he wald without respect to honeste or gude maneris rage in his blind affectioun, on nycht +tai brak +te presoun and tuke +te quene and hir barnys to Walis. Arvirag, knawing +te cais~, aduertist +te nobillis of his realme how his liegis of Tegenis and Walis, in quhom he confidit maist and quhare he was borne and nurist, had dispitefully vsit apoun him fellony, becaus with +te quene Voada he had maryit ane vthir Romane lady: like as to him war vnlefull to haue pluralite of wyiffis at his plesure, howbeit sic actis nowthir # be ritis or lawis of Britouns war defendit. Be rage of lufe he was nocht hereto kendillit, bot erare +tat Britouns suld multiply and incres~ in ane ferme and solid nacioun with Romanis, to quhom on nede +tai behuffit obey. He besocht +tame gif +te Tegenis and Walis wald fail+ge fra him and Romanis +tai suld defend the affaris of Britane and fidelite latelie to Romanis promyst. Be +te heris of Britons was ansuerit: it was nocht lefull to Arvirag without avise of his wyse barons to induce ane new lady apoun his first spous~; iniuris done to +te quene war to +tame richt displesing, allegiand +te samyn thing # almaist as did Tegenis and Walis. Arvirag, knawing how Britouns to him war myndit for his recent mariage, thocht na tyme to defer +te mater and at persuasioun of Planctius, (erare be his command), haistelie assembling his folkis, movit apoun Tegenis and Walis, quhilkis with na les diligence contrare him gaderit power. On athir partie quhen ane stark armye was reddy, King Arvirag and Romanis convoyit be Planctius, chiftane, contrare inemyis straik +te bataill. To +te Tegenis and Walis was +te bargane sare and cruell, ffor sum parte of +tame war slane and +te remanent chaissit. On +te morne Arvirag and

+te lieutenent Planctius war certifijt how contrare him and Romanis conspirit war the Icenis and Lobwnys. Thir pepill for +te tyme inhabit Darbyschire, Lancastre and +Gork, with rowmys adiacent, as before is said. Herefore Arvirag and Planctius, fering inemyis suld invade Kentschire and est partis of +te realme, devisit returne to Londoun to defend # +tare gudis within +te ciete. To London quhen +tai come Planctius, confiding litill in Britons, send in Gallia for supple of twa legiouns; syne, stuffing +te strenthis with stark mvnycioun, passit his tyme in +te camp with the armye. [}HOW THE NOBILLIS OF WALIS AND V+TIR SCHYRIS CONDESCENDIT +TAT TO CARATAKE, KING OF SCOTTIS, SULD +TE GOUERMENT OF +TE WERIS BE REFERRIT AND HOW HE ACCEPTIT +TE SAMYN. CAP=O= XIIIJ=O=}] Quhill Planctius was intent to sic thingis the heris of Walis, Tegenis and Icenis convenit at Corymyne, (now Schrewisbery), to consult quhat best war to be done in +tis mater sa full of trubill and danger. At +tis convencioun was concludit +tat all +te pepill of Tigenis, Icenis and Walis, # abill to bere wapynnys, with haill pussance contrare Romanis suld debate, owthir to expell +tame Britane, or ellis stoutlie all atanis offer +tame self to dede. Siclike in this convencioun war messagis decretit to solist +te pepill of Cornwell, # Candalis and Damonis, (occupying in auld tymes the boundis of Kendale, Carlele and Durame to +te march of Anandale), with +tame to be participantis. In the hervist following the chiftanis of Cornwell and Carlele, saling +te sey fra Cornwell deviding # Walis, come to Schrewisbery, quhare +te ilk tyme war cumin the heris and nobillis of Candale, now Westmarland, and at convencion plene+git lang and hevilie the iniuris of Romanis, blamyng +te inconstance and myscheant goverment of +tare king quhilk, contempnyng his awne nacion, desirit erare be servand and sclaif to Romanis +tan be king of Britons; concludit with all +tare study and pussance to were apoun Romanis: +tai war sa inflammyt to recovir liberte and glore in armys as +tai war in

vse afore. Syne amang the nobillis was questioun to quham suld be committit +te goverment of +tir weris, ffor euery # nobill attemptit to reserve this prerogative to him self. Than Comws, gretest of Walis, said: "Freyndis, we may contract lichtlie ane armye of oure folkis and freyndlie nychtbouris mare strenthy +tan be ony force may be resistit, sua be discipline and ordoure of were our affaris be rewlit, becaus in reule and ordoure standis onelie baith honour and victorie in weris. To ordoure and reule sa contrarios~ ar division, debate, discorde of chiftanis and ambicioun of governouris +tat, quhare ony of +tir premiss~ amang weremen has place, na ordoure, band of amyte, nor freyndschip may be obseruit; howbeit to werelike discipline +tir concernis maist becaus without +te samyn na victory apoun inemyis may be conquest. Quharefore all ambicion is to be removit, contencions and debatis slokynnit, and ane man, on nede, be all oure votis mon be chosin, to quham we all sall obtempir, and, be directioun of +tis # chiftane, +tis instant were mon be dressit, gif we desire victorie and wald tryumphe honestlie apoun inemyis. Now sen I persave nane of ws in +tis cais~ sall refer to vthir, becaus diuers~ of # ws ar almaist equale in blude and substance, I think best, gif +ge assent hereto, ane message be send to Caratake, cheif of Brigancia and king of Scottis, becaus he bure euer cruell haterent contrare +te Romane name, praying he will with ws revenge +te dispitis done to his sister Voada, him self and his kinrik be Arvirag, king of Britouns, and, be force of armys, defend +te caus of his nevo, quham +te king, his fader, be persuasioun of Romanis tendis defraude of his iuste heretage. The cais~ to him be law of nature pertenis, and herefore +te maist parte of Britons has contrare Arvirag conspirit, and, gif he will at oure request accept +te charge of +tis were, the tutory and goverment of his nevo, quhill +geris of perfectioun, to him sal be committit, and we sall promytt to obtempir to him in +tir present weris. I beleif +tir premis~ mare eselie # may be impetrate at +te king of Scotland, (sua +ge condiscend # hereto), +tat to his sister and nevo, his gude lufe and kyndenes was euer naturalie applyit." Britouns, following +tis sentence of, Comws, haistelie to Caratake directit ambassiatouris, beseking

him for +te thingis be Comws said. The king, benynglie resaving +te ambassiatouris and hering +taim peticioun, ansuerit, he weyit nocht +te dishonoure done be Arvirag to his sister and nevois samekill as quhen, in hurt of him and kinrik, he spousit ane Romane woman iniustlie: Romanis be +tare inveterate consuetude of dissymulit amyte had in vse be diuers~ policyis and fraudulent wayis on far and on dreich to invaid kinrikis and of crownys and scepteris dispule+ge princis providing nocht +tare fraude and mak +tame subiectis and tributaris: at +te first signis of were he suld with # Britouns be present with his folkis in werelike wedis contrare Romanys to pas~ in quhat partis +tai plesit, and suld employ all his # pussance for weill of his sister, nevoyis and felicite of +te # inhabitantis Albion: doutles of him and his liegis +tai suld beleif nocht ellis. [}HOW CARATAKE OF SCOTLAND CONVENIT WITH THIR NACIONS FORESAIDIS ORDORIT +TE ARMY OF ALBIANIS AND STRAIK +TE BATELL CONTRARE ROMANIS CAP=O= XV=O=}] Ambassiatouris, departing within schort tyme, to Schrewisbery returnit, schewand +te ansuere of Caratake and his counsell. The wynter following on all partis fra weris was abstenit. At +te first signis of somer +te heris of # Schrewisbery, Tegenis, Walis, Cornwell, Damonis and vthir naciouns, # rebellaris contrare Romanis, appoynting ane meting, decretit that all men abill to weild wapynnis and armoure suld convene, proponyng pane of dede gif +tai disobeyit +te charge. To +te meting +tai assignit ane speciall day and place quhare +te power of Scottis and Pichtis, solistit afore be ambassiatouris to defend +tare liberte, suld convene, and apoun +tame with grete esperance awatit. At day prefixt in +te feildis beside +Gork, of Britons favoring +te partie of Tegenis and Walis # abone auchty thowsand assemblit. Siclike come Conkist, king of Pichtis, with his noblis, and Caratake of Scotland with stark power, to debate +tare commoun liberte and lawis. Be +tare cuming Britouns war sa kindillit in curage +tat nocht onelie

to batell bot erare thocht +tai past to tak +te Romanis # presoneris, as +tai had bene vincust and ouresett. Syne +te Britane # nobillis to +te twa princis randerit grete thankis for benevolence # schewin to +tame, lauboring in sa dangerus estate for +te present, and, as before was decretit, consentit to commytt +te gouerment of the weris to Caratake, king of Scotland. He, resaving the reule, to haue +te weris be wisdome and strenth convoyit, ffirst to +te armye distribute capitanis, to quham he chargit +te remanent suld obey, beseking euery man attend baith to +te singuler and commoun weill and nocht, neclecting +tare liberte, becum randerit in handis of inemyis to be pynyt at +tare plesere, memorative of +te vassalage of antecessouris quhilkis fra Albion expellit Iulius Cesare, of all Romanis +te maist vail+geant chiftane. Be +te weill convoyit and maist prudent wourdis of King Caratake +te Albanis, in curage # erectit, with glade continence and full of esperence contrare Romanis, inemyis of +tare liberte, procedit. Quhen to Alvirag, king of Britouns, and Planctius, +tir premiss~ be skurreouris and # fugitivis war schawin, with na les~ diligence +tai devisit +tare # ordinance. Nocht+teles Planctius thocht nocht expedient to fecht incontinent in ordorit batell contrare sa copios~ multitude of inemyis, knawand weill weremen of all gadering war cruell and wald postpone all perillis, ffor of sic men aboundit the oistis of Albianis, and had bot litill prectik in wourthy # discipline. Quharefore be productioun of tyme, laubouris, walking to quhilk +tai war nocht accustumyt and penurite of thingis necessare, +tai war to be tyrit. Be +tis way, (as he belevit), inemyis, but grete effusioun of blude, mycht be ouresett. To Arvirag and his folkis +tis devise was plesand. Quharefore diuers~ dayis +tai maid continence of batell. Howbeit +tai delayit +te samyn vnto +te tyme +te confusit multitude of Albianis grew wery and nowdir mycht be reulit nor war sufferit to seik victualis in +te cuntre. Grete parte of +tame, # +tarefore, compellit be penwrite of viueris, leiffing +te armye, privelie # on +te nycht haue returnit. Of +tame sum parte happynnyng amang Romanis, tane and to Planctius led, schew how +te armye be hungir, travell and walkyngis, to quhilk +tai war nocht accustumyt, was cummerit, irkit and wery. Planctius,

on +te morne, ordoring his batellis towart inemyis, tranoyntit, commanding his folkis but tary strike +te bargane. Caratake, knawing quhat Romanis devisit, to his folkis gaif ane signe to tak +te feild, devisit +te day precedent. Ffollowit ane # bataill scharp and kene and mony woundis on athir partie war resauit. Romanis in cast of dartis war mare exercit +tan inemyis, Britons and Scottis in archerie and slungis, quhareby +te left wyng, quhare Arvirag facht, apperit to be oursett. Bot haistelie to +tame in sic perrell occurrit Planctius, with # fresch power renewing +te battell. Doutsum indurit +te fecht quhil +te late nycht had be myrknes removit all sicht, +tat on nede +te fechtaris disseuerit becaus inemyis fra vtheris mycht nocht be decernit. On +te morne at spring of day na thing was sene quhare +te feild was stirkin except +te carions of men slane # +te day before; ffor athir army to vthir gave place and leiffing # +te feild fled at the stragill to +te montanis. Planctius, # attempting to renew his armye, mycht nocht haue his intent, his folkis, fra tyme first +tai gaif +te bak, war sa affrayit. Quharefore # with grete tynsell of hors~men he departit towart Londoun. Be na les~ mischeif Caratak was stirkin. +Tarefore, collecting +te residew of his folkis, he tuke purpois~ suffer +tame depart to +tare cieteis and townys, chargeing +tai suld at all tymes be reddy to +te weris quhen proclamacions suld be made. He went to +Gork and fra thyne, eftir he had remanit certane dayis to refresche his curage, to Cariccioun. On all partis fra weris was abstinence the remanent +gere, quhilk was +te fyft eftir the Romane weris in Britan war begunin. [}HOW PLANCTIUS BE AMBASSIATOURIS DESIRIT REDRES~ FRA CARATAK, AND OF HIS RESPONS~. CAP=O= XVJ=O=}] This quhile Aulus Planctius to King Caratak directit # ambassiatouris, quhilkis suld say he was na litill amervalit +tat he, prouokit be nane iniuris, suld infer batell to Romanis and suppleit inemyis nocht anerlie with power of folkis bot als he acceptit +te haill charge of +te weris, and richt vnfreyndlie invadit the Romane province, nocht remembring +te beneuolence

schawin be Claudius, divyne emprioure, towart him and his kinrik quhen he subdewit Britan and mycht lychtlie haue removit him fra his sene+georie, +git he abstenit to iniure him and his pepill of Scotland, turnyng all his werelie ordinance apoun +te Orknayis, pepill euer to +te nacioun of Albion infest and noysum: quharefore he suld redres~ the skaithis latelie inferrit to him, +te Romane armye and v+teris, his freyndlie nychtbouris, and abstene fra new iniuris: v+terwayis, +te empriour and Romane senatouris suld repute Caratak and his pepill mortall inemyis in tyme cuming. To +tis ansuerit Carataik: The Romane legate had na caus~ to be amervellit, how beit with all pussance and strenth he come in supple of Britouns +tat Guiderius his nevo suld nocht be defraudit of his regnne, iustlie to him pertenyng: he had mare mater to amervell quhy Planctius impellit King Arvirage to +te repudie of +te quene, Voada, ane woman of preemynent vertew, and with dishonour kest hir in presoun; syne induceit ane brokin Romane woman, extemyng na thing his iust spous~, to +te effect +tat +te +gong prince Gwidere, (for lak of +geris, # deserving of na man vnkyndenes), suld of his iuste heretage and regne be dispule+gete: bot gif, eftir +te commoun opinioun, in sorte of Romanis, led be insaciabill ambicion to invade kinrikis and rowmys na thing to +tame pertenyng, he was oure desirous of dominacion and devisit first to reif fra Britons +tare kinrik and +te remanent of Albioun +tareeftir, he invadit nocht +te Romane province bot defendit, (as was resoun), +te actioun of his sister and nevo, fermelie beleving +te goddis eterne suld revenge iniuris done to +tai innocentis quhen +te pussance of erdlie men mycht nocht prevaill: and how beit Claudius, Romane emprioure, eftir subiectioun of Britan, turnit his weris fra Scottis and Pichtis, he menit na benevolence to +tame +tarethrow, bot erare becaus he knewe gif it aventurit +tame be vincust, without cruell bargane +tai mycht nocht be # ouresett: he passit apoun +te febill, rude pepill of Orknay, na thing # expert in armes, +tat quhen +tai war lychtlie ourethrawin he mycht dispule+ge +tare ilis and turs~ +te pray to Rome, avanting +tat # he was ane mychty emprioure and vincust +tai febill bodyis and brocht +tame in tryumphe +tat sua, be purchest glore eftir sa

grete weris, he mycht mare glorioslie enter in Rome: be +te contrare the recent and ald iniuris of Romanis done to Scottis and Pichtis aucht to be amendit, +tai suld departe clenelie fra Albion and leif +te samyn fre to +te inhabitantis: vthir wayis +tai suld in tyme cuming be assurit +tat Scottis, Pichtis and Britouns, of all +te warld maist remote pepill, quham sa # of[{t{] +tai had contempnit, throw naturall affectioun to the liberte of +tare kinrik and lufe to +tare native goddis suld to Romanis be perpetuale inemyis. The ambassiatouris departing, quhen to +te Romane heris +tai had reportit as +tai herd, # indignacioun kindillit the mynde of Planctius +tat +te Scottis pepill, # nowder potent in weris nor opulent in riches, suld sua contempne +te Romane pussance, and in +tare folie hardyment sua confiding +tat lippynnyng mare in +tare awne strenth +tan all v+tir # pepill of +te warld, thocht +tai mycht nocht to +te Romane Impire be subdewit. Quharefore, testifying +te goddis in presens of mony nobillis, he schorit to revenge thir outrageous iniuris. Siclike avowit diuers~ v+tiris, be exempill of Planctius, # kindillit be +te presumptuos~ and contumelios~ wourdis of Caratake in reproch of the imperiall maieste and Romane pepill. About +tis tyme Arvirag, king of Britan (thinking gif his power with the haill pussance of Albiouns war conionit, Romanis mycht be vincust and expellit +te ile), desirous to recovir his # liberte and honorabill name, leiffing Planctius he past with +te # nobillis of his realme to him assisting, to Schrewisbery, in Walis to Comws, (of quhom before is rememberit). His cuming was to Comws and vpir heris of Tegenis and Walis, (quhilkis for +te tyme convenit in counsell at Schrewisbery), richt thankfull and erectit +tame in ferme beleif to recovir +tare liberte. # Quhen hereof certifijt was Genissa, the Romane lady, graif with chylde, (how scho was intertenyit be Arvirag in place of his iust spous~ is schawin), vnderstanding how scho was contempnit and of matrimoniall dett defraudit, be suddane displesoure scho departit with hir birth; quharethrow followit haisty dede. Than Aulus Planctius daly thinking he mycht confide na thing in Britouns (quhilkis howbeit +tai testifyit inmortall goddis, had sa oftymes violate +tare fidelite promyst to # Romanis), with stark garnisoun and victualis he stuffit castellis, # mwnyciouns,

fortalicis, burrowis and cieteis to +te Romane domynioun obeysant; syne haistelie to +te Emprioure Claudius send writingis, pleyn+geing mekill +te dissate of Britouns +tat # nowder be gude dede of Romanis, remembrance of amyte nor be grete aithis, quhareto +tai war astrictit, mycht +tai be kepit at fidelite: now vniuersalie with all pussance, studie and # substance +tai war intent to were contrare Romanis and +tareto had rasit Scottis and Pichtis, felloun, inhwmane and cruell pepill, be quham Romanis in +te last iournay tuke na les~ myscheif +tan to +tame +tai inferrit: nocht alanerlie had +tai now ado with Britons bot with all inhabitantis Albion throw +tare solistacion and wayis: he suld herefore consult apoun +te Romane affaris in Britane, tending to sic dammage +tat be multitude and perseuerant audacite of +tat barbare pepill, amangis quham was na place of lawte, honeste, reuerence of goddis, nor men in erde, +tai suld nocht suffir sum notabill # and haisty harme. Quhen +tis to +te Empriour Claudius was schawin, he devisit with diligence to suple Planctius and Romanis with him in Britane. Herefore be decrete of senatouris Vespasiane was chosin chiftane, to dant +te rebellioun and defend +te Romane sene+georie in Albioun. [}HOW VESPASIANE RETURNIT TO BRITANE; HOW +TE KINGIS OF SCOTTIS, PICHTIS AND BRITONS PERSEWIT HIM BE BATELL AND WAR DISCUMFIST. CAP=O= XVIJ=O=}] Nocht lang hereeftir Vespasiane with ane armye fra Rome departit and be grete travell come in Gallia quhare, waling new power, he augmentit his armye and to Britane brocht +te samyn. Be diuers~ kyndis of honour Romanis in Britane ressavit Vespasiane, becaus be weredis (as amang +tame was opinion) +tai traistit for his excellent and singuler vassalage he was sum tyme to be exaltit to grete honouris. Vespasiane, knawing how +te Romane affaris stude in Britane, employit all his diligence to reduce +tame to bettir forme. Ffirst he convenit Aulus Planctius to knaw gif +te myscheif, resauit latelie be Romanis contrare Albianis in batell, was

happynnyt be his myscheant gouerment, (as was +te brute), and be necligence of weirlie discipline. Planctius for his # purgacioun schew doingis and na wourdis, how castellis, quhare remanit +te Romane garnisoun, be fowsyis, dykis and trenschis war weill strenthit and with mwnicioun providit, conforme to +te Romane vse, like as be inemyes +tai war incontinent to be assegeit. In +te campe +te men of were be incredibill ordoure war at sic reule, without all occasioun +tat mycht mak +tare myndis effemynate or dolf, and all werelie ordinance sa wyislie convoyit +tat the chiftane Vespasiane and his cumpanye gretelie war amervellit. Herefore be Vespasiane was Planctius commendit, belefing +tat be onelie convoyance of Planctius, how beit nan vthir supple to Romanis had arrivit in Britane, all inhabitantis Albioun mycht eselie be vincust. Sone eftir Vespasiane chargeit ane expedicioun be preparit contrare Arvirag and Britons quhilkis had violate thare faith and # fail+gete fra Romanis. Arvirag, knawing quhat Vespasiane devisit, commandit his noblis convene at +Gork, quhare be writingis he knew Caratak of Scotland with +te nobillis of his realme was to cum; and consulting, +tai decretit +tat at day assignit # nocht all +tare folkis abill for were, as in +te +gere precedent, # suld convene to resist +te violence of Romanis, bot certane of euery regioun suld be walit, becaus be sic confusit multitude nowder mycht +tai discerne +tare avne folkis nor haue victualis # sufficient to +te armye. Thay commandit herefore +tat Carlele, Kendale and +tai boundis suld furnis vj=m= men, the Tigenis and Walis with +tare nychtbouris xij=m=, Kentschire and +te pepill adiacent suld furnis elike nowmer, the Icenis and remanent Britons obeying +te sene+geory of Arvirag, xxxv=m=, and euery man suld with victualis for twa monethis be providit. All thir completing +tare nowmer beside +Gork convenit, quhare come King Caratake, (as before was devisit), with xxx=m= Scottis; siclike Illithara, king of Pichtis, with na # litill power. Syne to naciouns of euery regioun war maid capitanis, be quhais convoying +te instant weir suld be rewlit. Vespasiane, vsing +te counsell and giding of certane Britouns +git to Romanis observing fidelite, be passagis # vnknawin to Romanis passit apoun inemyis to debell atanis all

+te Albiane pepill for +te maist parte. Ffollowit ane batell felloun, scharpe and sare. Albianis, becaus Romanis invadit soner +tan +tai belevit, in myris and merressis, full of crag stanis, nocht abone xij myle fra +Gork, cummersum to fecht in sic place, with grete ferocite provokit +te batell. Apperandly Romanis in +te richt wyng war liklie to be ourset. Vespasiane, +tis persaving, send in +tare supple ane legioun, +git # vnfochtin, be quhais cummyn Romanis to sic curage incressit +tat, how beit +tai war woundit, +tai renewit in +tat parte +te bargane. # The Albiane chiftanis inflammyt +tare folkis +tai suld stoutlie # stand and nocht fle bot be vassalage sauf +tare honoure, cryand +tat owther in +tat iournay +tai suld be victouris or ellis resaue perpetuale seruitute. Vespasiane sic like kindillit his armye +tai suld be memorative of the Romane prowes and fecht with hardyment; thare inemyis war bot barbare, rude pepill, nakit almaist of wapynnys and armoure; +tai ran ourehede to batell without ordoure and lichtlie mycht be vincust. Sa kenelie stude +te Albianis in batell +tat, quhen +te vantgarde and vtheris fechtaris in forefront war ourethrawin, thare feris, standing on +te deid cariouns, sone+git nocht to fecht. Vtheris, rvn throw with speris or transfixit with dartis, # lenand apoun +te samyn sustenit +te bargane. Sum parte, fra quham handis and swerdis at anis war strikin, with +tare teith # cruelly raif inemyis quhare +tai fell abone +tame or vnder, +tat it # apperit weill +tai faucht na les~ +tat day be haterent +tan be force # and strenth. Bot nowder be multitude, perseuerance, strenth nor nane v+tir vail+geandnes mycht fataill destanye be ourcummyn, - goddis aduersing, quhilkis for +te tyme decernit, as was +te opinioun, to haue all realmes and nacions to Romanis subdewit. And how beit +te Albianis omyttit na thing to vail+geant chiftanis and stalwart men of were pertenyng, +git fechtand almaist to extreme perdicion +tai war vincust finalie, and all +tare folkis for +te maist parte slane, richt few evading +te terribill slauchter. Arvirag, ouresett be intollerabill # displesour be lois~ of samony nobill men, devisit put in his awne persoun violent handis, thinking he wald lif na langare eftir sa grete myscheif. Bot be servandis he was reseruit to bettir fortune, (gif be goddis sum tyme it mycht be grantit), and to

+Gork was convoyit. Caratake with ane sobir tryne to Brigancia (now Galloway) returnit. Thaara, king of Pichtis, irking to lif eftir tinsell of his tendir freyndis, abiecting armes and princelie cognossance, on ane stane sitting, wery and evill at eis~, be Romanis persewing he was slane vnknawin. [}HOW EFTIR ARVIRAG OF BRITANE BECOME RANDERIT HE WAS SUFFERIT REGNE AS AFORE; HOW LAWIS AND AUTHORITE FRA BRITONS WAR REMOUIT AND ROMANE RITIS INDUCIT. CA=O= XVIIJ=O=}] Aruirag and +te Britane nobillis, quhilk eftir +tis sare and dedely iournay war liffand, thinking Romanis in tyme cuming mycht haue nane impediment and he nor his assistantis mycht haue na securite, devisit direct ane herald to Vespasiane for pece, to offer +tame randerit, sen in +tis miserabill calamyte of Britouns of lxv=m= men of were +tai war distroyit to v=c= and mare cruelly afflictit +tan inemyis wald devise, quharethrow +te favouris of goddis to Romanis was manifest and plane, in +tare contrare; contrynyng +tame to sic calamyte and myserie, +tat +tai mycht nocht be sufficient in tyme cuming to defend +tare kinrik, nor nane war left to mak seruice to inemyis, except +te febill vulgare pepill, and +tat Britouns vincust for fidelite violate and Romanis victouris mycht be, to all naciouns and pepill, perpetuall document of grace and clemence, quhilk maist to +tame in sic caiss~ efferis. # Vespasiane, hering +te herald report thir wourdis and mony vtheris siclike, chargeit +tat Arvirage, denwde of princelie ornamentis, suld cum to him on credence, promitting he suld haue na displesoure; nor he wald here na tretie nor pece quhill Arvirag war present. Arvirag, thinking force to obey, danting sum parte to exaltacioun of his mynde, went to Vespasiane as he desirit. Movit was Vespasiane be mysfortune of Arvirag, quham he saw +te day precedent sa heich and potent, with sa stark ordinance, and +tan had loist all his armye and, destitute of kyn and freyndis, humlie imploring mercie and kyndenes, come in powere of inemyis. Quharfore, nocht refrenyng teris, he said: "Quhat mycht move +te, Arvirag, to

fail+ge fra fidelite of Romanis, quhilkis decorit +te with # regall dignite and estate? With +te +tai myxt kin and blude, to +te effect +tat +ti successioun, decorit be Romane blude, mycht with all naciouns be comptit mare honest, mare illustir and serene." Arvirag, prostrate at +te fete of Vespasiane, with mony teris confessit his trespas, affermyng +tat apoun him and his folkis it was be +te goddis sa scharplie vindicate +tat it efferit erdlie men revenge na ferther: hereof he blamyt nocht ellis bot his fidelite violate, his grete prosperite and # impwnyte of goddis. He besocht herefore he wald vse grace apoun his pepill, nocht as +tai had deseruit, bot sic as Romanis vsit to naciouns to +tame subdewit, and at his plesoure be ony # tormentis distroy his persoun, quhen it efferit him nocht to liff eftir sa mekill truble and sorowe. His demeritis had deseruit +te samyn. He wald have compacience on his spous~ and childer, quham he had latelie iniustlie fra him expellit, to # +te hurte of him and his kinrik. Vespasiane, hering his regrete, nocht alanerlie was sterit to myseracioun bot, als of new, his ene birst out in teris, and having consultacioun, demandit quhat to Arvirag and captivis of Britane suld be done. Sum Romanis said +tat Arvirag with his spous~, childer, landis, cieteis, inhabitantis and all vthir his gudis, be lawis of # weris, suld be pray to Romanis; he suld be send to Rome to submytt him to the sentence of +te emprioure and Romane senaturis +tat, be exempill hereof, vthir naciouns mycht knaw how it is wikkit and grete folie to fail+ge in lawte and infer # weris to Romanis. Vtheris, sterit be +te kingis present fortune # conferrit with his first estate and be remembrance of ald kyndenes, contendit +tat to Arvirag suld be grantit grace, becaus +tat be manifest ire of goddis he was condingly punyst; he suld be sufferit regnne as of before, and nocht be led to Rome, becaus, howbeit he was vyncust, he was nocht tane be force bot on credence wilfully come to +te Romane chiftane: nor Romanis aucht nocht brek +tare faith to inemyis, sen +tare large empire and sen+georye nowder be fraude, pride nor ambicioun bot be clemence and mercy apoun subiectis euer was augmentit and confermyt. Vespasiane, be innative clemence to pepill afflictit and vincust following +tis counsell and refusing +te tothir,

remittit to Arvirag all offensis and levit him regnne as of before, chargeing +tat all cieteis quhilkis fra Romanis had fail+gete suld be skaithles, requiring and resaving new plegeis +tat in fidelite of Romanis in tyme cuming +tai suld persevere. Of +te plegeis Gwider, son to Arvirag, was cheif, quhilk # eftirwart tending towart Rome with Vespasiane, in myddis his iournay, with ane fever ouresett, deceissit. Hereeftir # Vespasiane tuke fra Britouns all iuris and lawis be antecessouris vsit and inducit Romane ritis. He chargit +tat Aulus Planctius, lieutenent, and his deputis onelie suld of blude haue power. To euery province of Britane he constitute presidentis quhilk, conforme to +te Romane consuetude, suld exerce iustice and at +tare fidelite contene the pepill. At brute and fame of +tir premiss~, euery ane of the Britane nacioun, disparing in pussance to ouresett the Romane armys, become to fidelite of Vespasiane and fra thyne furth send to him riche presentis and rewardis. Now approchit wynter and +te victorius army was sufferit depart to +tare schelis. Vespasiane with King Arvirag went to +Gork, quhare with mony Romane nobillis he spendit +te wynter following. [}HOW VESPASIANE WAN +TE CIETE OF CAMELODUNE; HOW CARATAKE PERSEWIT ROMANIS WITH BATELL AND BE PLANCTIUS WAS VINCUST; HOW HE WAS SPULE+GETE OF HIS TRESSOURIS, AND HOW THE OFFERIS OF VESPASIANE BE HIM WAR REFUSIT. CAP=O= XIX=O=}] In the nixt somer Vespasiane bringing his armye fra +tare wynter schelis preparit ane expedicioun apoun Scottis and Pichtis, contracting stark power, movit apoun +te Ordolucis and Derreis (now Berwic, Mers~, Tevidale and dalis remanent). Of all Pichtis nacioun thir pepill war maist feirs~ in batell # and nerrest +te bordoure of Britane, bot brokin mekill baith in strenth and pussance be +te recent batell contrare Romanis, and disparing of supple fra +tare nychtbouris of Pichtis, # wilfully to Vespasiane +tai made fidelite. Following +tare exempil +te remanent Pichtis without batell become randerit to Romanis.

Nocht+teles grete part of Pichtis, abhorring to be led in pray to Rome gif +tai become in +te power of Romanis, fled to Camelodune, quhare +tai belevit Vespasiane suld nocht cum for +te cummersum viage. Quhen +tis to Vespasiane was schewin, he brocht his armye be haisty iournais, and stranglie assegeit the sammyn. At his cuming Pichtis within +te towne, how beit +tai ferit +tare livis, gudis and +te maieste of +te # Romane name, +git be ire and haterent +tai tuke hardyment, and # concludit +tai wald defend +tare wallis. The assege langare lestit +tan +te assegearis belevit; quharethrow quhen to sustene +tare multitude within, victualis fale+git, be hunger and indigence # +te cietenaris had grete pane; ffinalie, brokin be penurite of all necessaris, ourset be thrist and hungir, +tai become randerit and to Romanis made +te portis patent. Vespasiane nowder sufferit +te ciete be distursit nor nane v+tir thing with # violence be done. In +tis ciete kingis of Pichtis had +tare regall # ornamentis, ane crowne of gold sett with variete of precios~ stanys, ane swerde having plwmet and hiltis of gold with ane purpure skawbert mervellus craftelie wrocht. In all expediciouns +tareeftir Vespasiane vsit +tis swerde, takin sum # coniecturacion of ewros~ fortune +tarethrow. He sufferit +te nobillis, quhilk thidder had fled, departe salflie to +tare castellis and # landis, first resaving +tare plegeis. He taryit at Camelodune and first +tarein causit Romane morpeis, (quhilkis war agit soldeouris), remane, +tat perpetually +tare suld duell pepill to +te Romane sene+geory obeysant. Thay suld haue Romane iuris and lawis and in +te samyn suld instruct +te cieteneris and rude pepill. Syn in the opposite of Camelodune, apoun +te river of Carron, he beildit ane tempill in honoure of +te Empriour Claudius, erecting +tarein twa ymagis to be anournit with +te pepill. Of +tir ymagis ane was of +te empriour foresaid, the tothir of +te goddes Victoria, quhais dedicacion, be mony devote prayeris, he maid conforme to +te rite of Gentilis. Quhill in +tis sorte Vespasiane at Camelodune was intent to policie and religios~ ceremonis of Gentilite, be exploratouris he was certifyit how King Caratake had renewit his armye and fra Brigancia (now Galloway) departit, tending to be revengit of +te skaith # inferrit be Romanis. At +tis message, be command of Vespasiane, his

lieutenent Aulus Planctius, with ane strang armye contrare Caratake procedit, leiffing na litill power of folkis with # Vespasiane for his defence. Planctius was nocht fer fra Brigancia quhen be fugitivis he was aduertist how Caratake was nocht +te space of foure mylis distant with ane huge oist of Scottis, Pichtis and Britons. Planctius, +tan fen+geing him affrayit # like as he wald tary +te cuming of Vespasiane with +te remanent armye, in ane plane beside tuke his campe, syne, in +te quiet nycht rasing pal+geouns, convoyit be exploratouris and # figitivis knawing +te ground, in arrayit batell past apoun Caratake, quhilk suspectit na thing les~ +tan to be invadit be Romanis, becaus of straitnes of +te grond. Wachis, persaving +te cuming of Romanis, rasit +te schout and sustenit +te assail+ge of # inemyis quhil +tare folkis mycht be anarmyt. Bot at +te first countir all +te wachis war slane. Ffollowit +te batell scharp and kene, quhare mony grevous woundis on athir partye war resauit. Ffinalie, quhen fra +te dawing +tai had fochtin quhil myd day, the victorie inclinit towar[{t{] Romanis (with na litill # slauchter of +tare folkis). In +te feild still remanit Romanis. Sum parte of Scottis, Pichtis and Britons, (quhilkis evadit +te slauchter), affrayitly ran to strate erdis and montanis. # Vtheris, finding botis and veschell, fled to +te Ile of Mon. King # Caratake, sare woundit, with certane servandis apoun him awating, with grete travell went first to Argathele, fra thyne to +te castell of Evon (Downstaphage for the present). Be brute of +tis batell aduersare, to Romanis come grete confl[{u{]ence of Scottis, Pichtis and Britons quhilkis +git to Vespasiane had promist na fidelite. The inhabitantis Brigancia, disparing # +tare strenthis and mwnicions, fled to strate erdis and desertis, # with wyiffis, barnis, bestiall and store quharein stude +tare riches for +te tyme. Planctius, +te feird day following, with his army refreschit, to +te ciete of Carictoun movit, quhare he herd was +te cheif habitacion and palace of Caratake, his regale # ornamentis and thesauris, and, occupying the ciete sonare +tan was belevit, amang his weremen distribute +te pray. Be ane herald +te mene tyme he aduertist Vespasiane of +tis victorie: Brigancia with regions adiacent was in handis: inhabitantis had promyst randering: it suld be honorable to his name gif

he war present at +geilding of +te pepill vnvincust euer afore, and herethrow he mycht haue excellent lawde of victory. Vespasiane apprisit +te gude mynde of Planctius towart him and rade incontinent to Caricton. At his cuming all # inhabitantis Brigancia +tat war vnfled, become randerit with all +tare gudis to Romanis as lordis and maisteris of +te warld. On +te morne Vespasiane, movit be mysfortune of Caratak, quhilk for his liberte and kinrik had fochtin, (the goddis as apperit aduersing), almaist to finall destructioun, directit to him ambassiatouris quhilkis suld say: Na langare was to be resistit to eternall goddis, to quhais plesoure all # victorie, all power to regnne, all impire and sene+geory on nede ar # subiectit. Thay had decretit +tat all pepill and nacions to Romanis suld be subdewit, as be +te fyne mycht be knawin, quhilk confermyt +tare respons~. Quharefore gude it war he and his pepill obeyit +te Romane sene+geory sen be mony vnchancy batellis, be manifest ire of goddis, +tai war afflictit. Gif # hereto he wald consent, he suld regne sauflie as afore and be namyt freynd to +te Romane senatouris in tyme cuming. Vthir wayis, gif he wald vnwiselie to his awne distruction in batell # persevere, he suld fra his regne be removit and with all his pepill be brocht haistelie to rewyne. To +tis ansuerit Caratake: It war presumptuos~ folie +tat mortale men suld to +tame ascrive the prescience of weirdis or destanye, to goddis onelie famyliare. Be benignite of goddis, habitacioun to him and his pepill was grantit in Albioun. Romanis, be ambicion and insaciabill desire of wrangwis conquest, provokit be nane iniuris, infestit him with weris. He expellit iniuris and # inferrit nane. Be his opinioun goddis war nocht sa iniuste +tat +tai wald to +te movaris of iniust weris grant happy fyne of batell. He couth never vndirstand Romanis wald salflie kepe him in his realme, of quhilk +tai attemptit sa oftymes to haue him dispule+git, and had fra sa mony kingis iniustlie reft +tare regnis. The amyte and societe of Romanis war to be desirit gif it mycht conduce to his honour and suretie. Now it is to be refusit, becaus gif it war procurit, it menit nocht bot grete hurt to him and his kinrik. To him pertenit +te realme of Scotland, as to +te emprioure, pepill of Rome and senatouris

pertenit the Romane kinrikis. He repute +tame worth als grete reproche +tat defendit nocht +tare awne rownes as the invasouris of vtheris. He wald herefore persevere in weris contrare Romanis to +te end of his life for his liegis, kinrik, liberte, native goddis and sepulturis of progenitouris to # quhilkis be invocacioun of +tare spiritis he had recours~ as to extreme and onelie refuge. Of him Romanis suld beleif nocht ellis. Vespasiane, resaving this respons~, wounderit mekill the # constant curage of Caratake, quhilk sa stiflie determyt resist to +te Romane armye, all vthir princis of Albion submitting +tame to Romanis. First he devisit persewe him with ane armye. Bot, certifyit +tat for mos~, myris, merres~, intractabill # montanis and penurite of viueris in +tai partis quhare he tendit, without hurte and dammage of +te Romane armye, he mycht nocht mak sic persute, changeing purpois~, he garnist with mwnicioun strenthis of Brigancia; syne to +te sey, regarding Ireland, convoyit his armye, tending +tarefra to invade +te Ile of Mon, nocht be mony mylis fra the mane land separate. To assail+ge +te ile before his cuming he had send certane # Pichtis and Britons, figitivis fra +tare native princis. This ile, as # said is, betuix Ireland and Albion is situate. To this iournay certane new schippis war made and v+tir veschel fra +te coistis sone war contractit to cary +te armye to +te ile. [}EFTIR DEPARTING OF VESPASIANE CARATAKE INVADIT ROMANIS BE BATELL AND WAS VINCUST; PLANCTIUS DECEISSIT, AND OSTORIUS THE NEW LEGATE WAS IN HIS PLACE DIRECTIT TO BRITANE, CAP=O= XX=O=}] To Vespasiane this tyme was schewin how the inhabitantis of Kentschire and +te Ile of Wicht had slane the Romane garnisoun in +tai regiouns and +te maist parte of +te Britane boundis direct opposite to Gallia had rebellit; incertane gif be impulsion of Gallis +tis was done. To +tis apperand skaith, Vespasiane tending haistelie occur, committing stark power to +te goverment of Planctius lieutenent, to conserue +tat parte of Albion at fidelite of Romanis, omytting +te # expedicioun

apon +te Ile of Mone, be grete iournais he movit to Kent. At his cuming be licht iupartyis he dantit +te rebellioun of inhabitantis. Syne eftir he had pwnyst the begynnaris +tareof, at command of +te Empriour Claudius, eftir all his affaris in Britan brocht to prosper fyne, in few dayis with na litill lawd and glore he returnit to Rome. How sone King Caratake knewe Vespasiane departit, he addressit to recover +te landis of Brigance and Pichtland, be persuasioun of +te barouns of Pichtland and fugitivis to the Ile of Mon. Ffra all partis of Albion resortit to him grete confluence, movit be desire of liberte to be deliuerit fra iniuris of Romanis. Of +tame Caratake haistelie collecting ane armye, be esperance of bettir fortune he movit apoun Romanis, quhilkis with na les~ diligence ordorit +tare batellis. Be grete hete syne was fochtin, Scottis contending at +tare power to recovir the parte of +tare kinrik loist afore and Romanis tending to kepe +te rowmes conquest be grete laubouris. Certane tyme doutsum was +te bargane. Ffinaly, practik of were and wisdome to Romanis preparit victorie. Scottis war discumfist and chasit and, as was +tare custume, ran or euer +tai ceissit to moss~, merress~ and strate erdis. This batell sa vnchancilye was fochtin +tat contrare Romanis to renewe bargane thay had na mare belefe. Romanis, inexpert of +te ground, na ferder persewit +te flearis. Caratake, weying hevily his mysfortune, collecting +te residewe of his folkis as he mycht best, reterit # to +te castell of Evon, quhair schortlie +tareeftir convenyng his nobillis, consultit how +te kinrik contrare Romanis mycht be assurit. Caratake desirit +tat fra all regiouns of Scotland and Ilis all persons abil to bere armour or wapynnys suld be assemblit and suld purches power and supple fra Ireland, quhare fra descendit Scottis nacioun; and herethrow, gif in gude ordoure +tai wald fecht to +te extreme, owder suld Romanis be defait, or Scottis suld all de atanis: be +tis way and nane vthir suld +te lang weris be fynnyssit. Vtheris, fra quham +tare votis war requirit, thocht +te kingis devise nocht convenient as stude +te cais~, (quhareof consideracioun first suld be had), becaus it was oure dangerus to iupert +te chance of +te haill kinrik to ane onlie iournay be Scottis, sa oft

tymes ouresett contrare Romanis, sa mekill be fortune favorit, bot erare to suffer +te pepill sa lang brokin and supprisit be contynuall weris tak rest for ane tyme and incres~ to strenth; Romanis be diuers~ skarmuschis and nocht be plane batell war to be resistit +tat be+gond Brigancia +tai suld nocht extend # +tare boundis; dalie +tai suld solist Britouns, (euer desirous of new sene+gorie), to conspire contrare Romanis, quharethrow mycht follow +tat quhen Romanis war restrenit fra forraying +te cuntre for +tare viueris +tai suld be sa dantit with hungir # +tat owder suld +tai remove fra Brigance or ellis be constrenit to vnhonest randering. Sua on +te morne ane walit cumpany, having wise and expert chiftanis, was directit fra inemyis to defend Saluria, (now Carrik, Kyle [^SIGN OMITTED^] ), nixt # adiacent to Brigancia. In +tis sort twa +geris following be diuers~ skarmuschis and iupartyis on a+tir partie without mekill slauchter +te were was prolongit. During +tis tyme Aulus Planctius, be ane lang continewit flux hevilie torment, quhen nowther in cure of medicine nor in strenth of nature he had confidence, he wrate to Emprioure Claudius how ane grevous malade apoun him invalescit and grew, sua +tat +te naturall poweris of his body +tarethrow war oursett: sa lang as strenth in his persoun remanit he was vigilant for weill and augmentacioun of +te Romane Impire, bot now destitute of all helpe, baith of # medicinaris and nature, he taryit dalie the dede: praying, herefore, he suld provide +tat in +tir provincis conquest be sa grete # laubouris and dangeris na rebellioun in defalt of ane legate suld be movit of new, and +tat ane man of +te anciant blude, expert in weris, grave in age and maneris, suld in Albion be send and maid lieutenent: be his gouerment +te pepill, to +te Romane sen+georye obeysant, suld at fidelite be conseruit. The # emprioure, resaving +tis message, directit to Britane Ostorius Scapula, ane nobill man, excellent in grete actis in pece and weris, of +te Romane affaris to haue +te gouerment. Sone eftir his cuming Planctius at Camelodune deceissit. His corps, conforme to +te Romane rite, was brynt. With grete pompe Romanis placit the powder of his body in ane vrne or boist within +te tempill dedicate be Vespasiane to Claudius Cesar and +te goddes Victoria, as before is remembrit. Herethrow

come in consuetude amang Scottis and Pichtis, (as sum writis), to birn the bodyis of +tare freyndis deceissit. Hereof in thir our dayis mony signis +git are sene, ffor in +te +gere of our Redempcioun j=m= v=c= xxj, in +te towne of Ffindour in +te Mernis, v mylis distant fra Abirdene, ane ald sepulture was fundin quharein was twa veschell, like laym piggis, of strange fassoun, replete with powder and ass~, and apoun +tame baith war Romane lettrez gravin. How sone +tai war producit to +te aire, incontinent +tai war dissoluit in powdir. Siclike in ane towne in Mar callit Kenbatten, ten mylis fra Abirdene, about +te samyn tyme be pleuchmen twa sepulturis war fundin, of square assillare and hewin stane. In +tame war foure vrnis half full of powder, wrocht of siclike craft, of +te samyn quantite and siclike lettrez as of +te to+tir twa is remembrit. Diuers~ vtheris siclike # antiquiteis to testify +tis consuetude has oftymes bene sene in diuers~ partis of Albion, like as antecessouris has left in # remembrance; bot lat ws return quharefra we made degressioun. [}OFF THE FORTUNATE GESTIS OF OSTORIUS; OF HIS CRUDELITE; HOW CARATAKE BE HIM WAS OURSETT, TAKIN AND SEND PRESONER TO ROME; OF HIS RETURNE AND DECEISS. CAP=O= XXJ=O=}] The cuming of Ostorius in Britan knawin, +te pepil of Cambria, Tegenis, Damonis, Icenis, (now Walis, Cornwell and nychtbouris adiacent in +te west partis of Britan), gretelie molestit Romanis, beleving, be cuming of ane new chiftane nocht acquentit with +te Romane armye nor accustumyt with +te Britan ritis, +tai mycht without difficulte recovir +tare liberte. To haue +tare intent +tai solistit v+tir nychtboure naciouns to fail+ge fra fidelite of Romanis, like as Kendale, Anandale, Kyle, Cwnynghame and all +te nacions of Pichtis togiddir with +te Scottis of Brigancia, aduertising # King Caratake be writingis he suld haue respect to +te commoun weill; tyme was now to recovir +tare liberte, reft fra +tame afore, ffor to his chargis +tai suld gladelie obtempir. Quhen

hereof certifijt was Ostorius, knawin weill +te vassalege of ane new chiftane at +te begynnyng suld nocht be hid, he invadit inemyis or +tai mycht convene. At +te first counter he skalit +te Tegenis and Walis and chasit +tame nocht without felloun slauchter: syne movit apon the Icenis, ane stark pepill and robust, of all this conspiracion begynnaris. Quhen +tai # persauit it was force to fecht, +tai walit ane place for batell, hegeit with ane feild dyke and ane strait entres~, +tat to Romane hors~men it suld nocht be patent. Bot haistelie Romanis bett downe +te fald and within +te dykis gretelie perturbit +te Britouns. Quhen to fle +te Icenis persauit na place, standing dourlie in bataill, almaist al atanis +tai war slane. The sobir remanent, vnslane, war in power of inemyis randerit. Be # myscheif of Icenis +te Kendalis with vthir nychtbouris affrayit become +goldin to Romanis. Ffra thyne Ostorius went to Carlele, ane tovn in Kendale, in +te parte now callit # Cummyrland, nixt Annandale and Galloway. Schortlie +tis towne was takin, the landis adiacent waistit and be pray disturssit. Siclike he dantit +te conspiracioun of Britons, to +te Kendalis nychtbouris, and, slaying +te resistaris, with all his # ordinance fra thyne departit to Pichtland. In his v+tage be mare myscheif +tan was herd afore he supprisit +te Syluris (now Kyle, [^SIGN # OMITTED^] ), cruell and vnmercifull pepill, quhilk, abone +tare naturale forocite, confidit in pussance of +tare prince, Caratak, quham +tai knew was to recounter Romanis in bataill gif weris aganis +tame war movit. Thus Romanis, birnyng cornis stakkit or in barnys, murdrissing agit men and women, innocent barnis and all vtheris +gong persons, indifferent quham +tai mycht apprehend, subdewit +te inhabitantis to seruitute mare vyle +tan mycht be excogitate or devisit. Caratake sa hevily weyit this recent oppressioun made be Romanis +tat, to be revengit, he wald expone his live to +te extreme aventure of fortune. At his cuming to Pichtland convenit grete confluence fra all partis of Albioun, tending owder to revenge the Romane iniuris or ellis de in batell and end at anys baith iniuris and thirlage. Or Caratake +te army assemblit of his awne liegis and nychtbouris, contenit to +te nowmer of xl=m=, quham he ordorit in +tis sorte, +tat behind +tai suld haue +te depe # ryver

quhare na furde nor passage was knawin, to +te effect (as we may beleif) +tat nane suld lippin securite in fleing; at +te skirtis of +te armye on athir side, he placit +te gentill # wemen, (of quham grete nowmer come to feild to se +te fyne of batell), with cryis and schowtis to walkin +te curage of +te fechtaris, to strike stoutlie +te bargane: apoun inemyis +tai suld cast stanis, and euer as Romanis war dung downe +tai suld cutt throttis and sla. Wemen, +gong and stark, war ordorit to fecht anarmyt, myxt amang +te men. Attour, all +te chiftanis exhortit +te armye to batell, confort +tare corage, removit all fere and drede and inflammyt +tame in esperance and gude hope, transcurring in all partis with +te king, affermyt +tat day # +tat batell suld begyn to +tame liberte and fredome or ellis # perpetuall seruitute and thirllage; syne maid invocacioun of +te namys of antecessouris, quhilkis douchtely expellit Iulius Cesare empriour, and to +tat tyme had conseruit +tare liberte and salfit +tare persouns haill inviolate fra tribute and Romane ceremonis. Quhen +tir exhortacions or siclike war remembrit be +te capitanis, the pepill war sa reiosit +tat euery ane # avowit +tat in defence of the cuntre and liberte +tareof, nowder wapynnys nor armour suld gar him fle. This feirs~ and glaid continence of Scottis, +tare copios~ nowmer, +tare strang and strange fervoure to fecht, astonyst gretelie +te Romane # chiftane and Romanis, +tat diuers~ abhorrit +te fyne of +te batell, # nocht ignorant it was na litill danger to recounter pepill constitute in extreme dispare. Caratake, chiftane of all +tis armye, or he gaif +te signe to ione +te feild, proponit for +tare # guerdoun perpetuall liberte. Ostorius with mekill wisdome, as +te Romane chiftanis accustumyt, ordoring his folkis, to exhort was nocht swere, vsing ane vehement vrasoun: thay suld remember +tai war Romanis, dantaris of princis, pepill and naciouns; +tare partie quham aganis +tai contendit war bot fulehardy, vnmanerlie, barbare pepill, separate fra all # humanite and +tarefore be wise nature, (parent of all thingis), # constitute in maist extreme partis of +te warld. Syne on athir partie was commandit to ione +te batell. Incontinent be sic ire and hete +tai recounterit, +tat never with greter amang na naciouns # afore was fochtin. Doutsum betuix hope and drede certane tyme

+tai faucht. Ffinalie, lang experience and vse in were to Romanis dressit ane reddy way to victorie. Albanis to +te montanis fled, Romanis scharplie persewand. Excellent and notabill was this victorie, ffor takin was +te spous~ and # dochter of Caratake and his bredir +goldin. The king, (as commonlie in aduersite is na securite), seing +te feild tynt, socht # refuge at Cartwmandua the agit quene, his gude moder, quhilk eftir deceis~ of Cadallane his fader had maryit Venwsius, ane nobill, (bot of subtell and dissatefull mynde towart +te commoun weill), and be hir was deliuerit bundin to +te victouris in +te nynte +gere eftir Romanis had begunnyn were in Albion. Quhen be his takaris he was led to Ostorius, reuerendlie in his meting rising, +te Romane chiftane, as to ane nobill prince, deiectit fra +te hiest gre of dignite, at his first cuming he # birst out in teris, with his richt hand syne apprehending +te king, said: "This cais~, King Caratake, equallie is to be sufferit, # ffor how beit fra +te favoure of fortune +tow be abiectit, of # vertewe +tow art nocht destitute. Thow art now becummyn in +te handis of Romanis. Thow has na mater to be eschamyt how beit +tow be pray to Romanis, quhilkis has in vse to leid afore +tame in tryumphe sa mony nobill princis and chiftanis captive, eftir of realmes and scepteris +tai ar denwde." To +tir wourdis with sare sichis ansuerit +te king: "I confes~ it is force to # me suffir +tis cais~, how beit contrare my mynde. Bot I wey it nocht sa hevily as I do fortune, sa cruell inemye to our # affaris, +tat before +tine ene scho suld produce me for exempill of hir instabilite and variance. Thow has me presoner, vincust mare be policie and fraude +tan force. Sa lang as pussance remanit, I contendit contrare Romanis. Be fraude of my wikkit gude moder Cartwmandua (to quham eftir my armye discumfist I gaif credit of my life), I am cumin in +ti handis. Nocht+teles~ it efferis me obtempir to +te quhilk is victorie, and submytt me to ples~our of my inemye, sen be oure goddis it is sua providit. And to +te pertenis vse +te cais~ of ane victoure, providing all way +tow be nocht denwde of clemence and mercye, maist excellent vertwis in ane chiftane, be quhilk vertewe na captivis ar in sa extreme myserie deiectit, bot +tai beleif sum grace." Quhen +tir wourdis be Caratake war said,

be command of Ostorius he was to ane tent convoyit and honorably intertenyit as ane prince. Eftir certane days, with his spous, douchter and brethir he was had to Rome to be present to +te emprioure. The brute of his renowne was sa honorabill in Italie, vthir ilis and provincis, +tat all # inhabitantis addressit to obserue +te way, desiring to se +tat prince quhilk sa mony +geris contempnit +te Romane pussance. Attoure, in +te ciete of Rome +te name of Caratake was na litill magnifyit. The pepill as to solempnit playis war warnit. Men of armys stude in cumpanyis in +te feild to +te camp adiacent. Than +te kingis familiaris preceding, +te chenis and harnessingis, conquest in +te Britan weris, war borne. Syne the bredir, spous~ and dochter of Caratake and his self last was schawin. The captivis for fere and terroure made bot sobir requeist for grace. Bot Caratake schew him nocht deiectit in +tis extreme cais~ of fortune and, nowthir be sad contynance nor be wourdis requiryn mercy, quhen to +te empriouris throne he assistit, said in +tis sorte: "Gif +te prosperite had bene moderate, conforme to +te nobilite and fortune of me descending of sa nobill antecessouris and having sene+gorie abone sa mony pepill, sua +tat I had deyn+git to # bynd societe and be resoun +tareof tak pece with Romanis, I had cumin to +tis ciete as ane freynd erare +tan presoner. This present cais~ of myne, as it is to me vnhonest, rycht sua, Cesare, it is to +te richt honorabill. I had sum tyme men, hors~, armoure and riches~ and it is na mervell gif contrare my will all +tir be loist and, gif +ge Romanis will abone all naciouns haue sene+georie, it followis +tat all vtheris mon be +gour servandis. Gif I had als sone randerit me as +te Romane armye come in Albion, nowder +ti glore, Cesare, nor +git my myschance had bene sa notabill to +te warld. And now, gif +tow slay me, thy presonere, haistelie with my dede I sall be for+gett; and gif +tow will I salflie departe, I sall be # perpetuall exempill of clemence of +te empriour and Romane pepill." At thir wourdis Cesare to him, his spous and bredir, grantit grace and haistelie +tai war lowsit of bandis. Hereeftir the senatouris convenit quhare, twiching +te captiuite of Caratake, mony and grete materis war dispute, concluding +te act was

na les~ honorabill +tan quhen Siphax be Scipio, Perses be # Lucius Paulus, and vthir siclike chiftanis and princis war vincust be Romanis. To Ostorius +tai decernit +te ornamentis of tryumphe. Caratake, making +te grete aith to obserue amyte and fidelite to +te emprioure, senatouris and Romane pepill, leiffing in Rome his eldest broder and dochter in ostage, be tollerance of +te empriour returnit to Scotland. In +tis +gere latelie, or Caratake with all his pussance last recounterit Romanis, mony ferlyis on +te feildis of Scotland war sene. Ane batell of hors~men in myddis the plane was sene kenelie fecht, # apperandlie be felloun slauchter on athir partie debating, and incontinent all evanyst sa clene +tat quhare +te batell was sene na takin remanit. Alsua it is haldin +tat ane heird of wolfis assemblit +te day precedent or Albianis contrare Romanis debatit, and on +te nycht following invading +te wachis, # haistelie bereft ane and bure him to +te forest beside, in +te dawing # suffering him sauflie departe. Ane barne in Carictoun was borne with ane crawis hede, v+tirwayis in na parte deformyt. Thir ferlyis before +tis infortunate feild war to the pepill # terribill, becaus~ divinouris interpret +tame to +te dammage of Caratake and his kinrik. Bot eftir fyne of +te weris quhen Caratake was haill and sound, all war interpret to +te bettir sens~. At his returne, grantit be clemence of +te Empriour Claudius, +te pepill obseruit +te wayis and stretis with incredibill # honouris, convoying +tare prince to Carictoun. This ciete togiddir with Brigancia (now Galloway), and Syluria (now Kyle, [^SIGN # OMITTED^] ), to him be command of +te empriour was restorit. Hereeftir quhen he had gude pece he perseuerit faithfull freynd and marrow to Romanys, spending his remane[{n{]t dayis in rest and eis~, coft be grete laubouris and pyne. Oftymes reduceand to mynde the incommoditeis and skathis of were, he waryit batellis, employing all his cure to obserf pece and fidelite to euery man in tyme cuming. Quhen be writingis of Ostorius, legate, +te empriour knew +te gude parte he kepit, he remyttit his dochter quham he held in oistage at Rome, langing sare to se hir fader. To +te space of twa +geris continewit +tis # pece and weris on all partis war stanchit. Syne at Carictoun # deceissit +tis vail+geand prince, Caratake, worne and consumyt mare

be laubouris +tan age, in +te xxij +gere eftir deceis~ of his # eme Metellane. His sene+gory mare be force +tan felicite was # governit. Off all Scottis princis before him regnyng +te maist nobill, # and maist vale+geand in weris of all vtheris liffing in his tyme, becaus he directit all +te cast of his life to defend his # kinrik contrare Romanis, lordis and maisteris of +te maist parte of +te warld, and, fynalie, gaif his cure +tat his pepill in # honest ritis and gude maneris suld be instructit. His regne durit to +te xiij +gere of Claudius, Romane emprioure, and of mannis Redempcioun +te liiij +gere. About +tis ilk tyme at Rome liffit men of excellent ingyne: Persius, Iuvenale, athir vsing +te style of satiris, Lucane, # +te poet maist preclare, Seneca of +te Stoic opiniouns and # eftirwart be Nero slane. Sanct Ierome, for epistillis writtin be Sanct Paule to Seneca and be Senec to Paule, apperandlie ascrivis him to the Catalog and nowmer of Sanctis. Alsua throw all +te warld infidelis be preiching of +te haly apostillis began to ressaue the verite of +te ewangell and +te fraude of devillis was made manifest quhilkis illudit man kynde mony +geris afore. ffollowis the ferde buke of the Scottis historijs.

[} (\LIBER QUINTUS.\) OFF THE CORONACIOUN OF LUGTHAKE; OF HIS VICIS AND CRUELL SLAUCHTER; HOW EFTIR HIM SUCCEDIT MOGALL: OF HIS VERTEWIS; HOW HE WAS PROUOKIT BE ROMANYS TO WERIS, AND HOW HE HONORIT THE FIGURE OF KING GALDE. CAP=O= J=O=}] The memorabill sene+georie of King Gald was endit in sorte foresaid, and how mekill his gouernance was apprisit, +te mysgiding of Lugthak his son eftir him regnyng was als fer detestabill and odios~, ffor he was degenerit baith in witt and maneris fra his fader, corruptit be idilnes and sensuall lustis; without discrecioun he spule+git diuers~ grete men, be fene+geit crymes, of +tare gudis. He committit the cure of iustice to mysgidit men quham he knew cruell and covatus, and of +te lukir and importance wald gif him compt. Ffollowit throw all +te realme reiff and wrang without correctioun, the kingis authorite +tareto resisting; quhilk was in caus~ +tat vicious~ men and of evil condiciouns war authorist and vtheris, quhilk for +tare dignite aucht be cherist, planelie war opprest at plesour of sic vile persouns. Nobill men +tat be fene+gete and socht occasiouns war convictit of sobir crymes, war put to violent dede, or be vpir servile +tanis cruelly afflictit, # to +te effect he mycht haue +tare gudis to his vse applyit. In # conuenciouns or writingis he vsit stile sic skaffaris and rubbaris his tendir freyndis and bredir, thinking him never sa weill applesit as quhen he fand ony new devise of extorcioun. The remanent of his wikkit dedis ar sa abhominabill to mennys eris +tai suld be concelit and nocht schawin, how he defoulit his antis, moder sisteris, his sisteris germane, necis, and at +te last his awne dochteris, repenting na thing samekill as # +tat

he mycht nocht defoule all his cousyness~ in +te sammyn sorte. The nobillis sufferit sic horribill vicis of +tare mysgidit # prince towart +te space of twa +geris. Bot na thing commouit +tame sa mekill as to se him abuse his maieste in scornyng his barons; ffor he wald reddily myssay his agit lordis of gude mynde to # +te commoun weill and administracion of +te realme, in lichtlynes reproching to +tame +tare age, calland +tame chowpand auld # fulis and vtheris sic wordis of contempcioun, syne made rutouris, piparis, menstralis, ruffeanis and v+tir sic harlotis of # obscure origin and evill condicions (quham he held in daynte and extemit mekill) officiaris and reularis, beleving +tat be sic kynde of gouerment all suld be done to his plesure. Bot +tis myschevus folie mycht nocht be lang vnpunyst, ffor at ane convencioun at Evon (now Downstaphage) +te king commandit +tat diuers~ grete men as movaris of rebellion suld be # arreistit, becaus with mony persuasiouns +tai detestit +te wikkit mysgidit of +te kinrik. Incontinent, as +te nobillis had devisit, +te # king be men of armes was handillit, and regnand in +te thrid +gere was cruelly slane with grete parte of his myn+geouns to quham he gaif credit of his life and kinrik. Nochtwithstanding, +te nobillis, memorative of +te recent meritis of his fader, causit bery his corps with princelie pompe and honoure and +te remanent be cassin on +te feildis to be with beistis revyn. Eftir Lugthak was distroyit, Mogall (nevo to +te nobill king Gald of his dochter) be consent of +te estatis tuke +te crowne. Mogall in begynnyng of his regne, memorative of the glorios~ actis of his gudeschir, studyit to ensew his maneris and sorte of gyding, with diligent cure obseruyng fidelite to Romanys and Britouns as was appoyntit, to contene his liegis in pece with plesand rest and to remove all sedicion and debatis within his realme; and quhare ony thing was neclectit during +te regne of his eme Lugthak he reformyt with besy cure; and, comprehending his remanent myn+gons quhilk at +te last convencioun evadit, causit iustifye +tame to dede, becaus~ +tai corruptit him with sinister counsell contrare +te commoun weil. Quhare he fand ceremonis and sacrifice concernyng goddis neclectit or nocht reuerendlie tretit in tyme of Lugthak be perversit counsalouris, with devote laubouris he restorit

+tame to +te first state, as be antecessouris and haly # bischoppis in tyme bipast was obseruit, beleving he providit sufficientlie +te prosperite of him self and kinrik gif he stude in # benevolence of his goddis, quham Lugthak be his wikkit dedis hielie had provokit contrare his realme and subiectis. Scottis herethrow tuke curage with esperance of bettir fortune, seand +tare # prince addressit his life to follow +te vertuos~ gyding of his # gudeschir and to vesy his realme, tending reforme +te sammyn with policye and bettir maneris. His liegis resauit him with als hertlie kyndenes as +tai welcummyt nobill Gald quhen he had expellit Romanis be lauborios~ batell and weris. In +te meyne tyme ambassiatouris of Pichtis come to +te king, humlie requiring him with supple contrare Romanis and Britouns quhilkis with power conionit had haistelie invadit Pichtland, distroyand all be fyre and swerde, to +te hevy skaith of # inhabitantis to +tare force resisting. The samyn tyme +te Galloways, callit Brigantis before, hevilie plene+geit +te iniuris of # Romanis +tat eftir Anandale ourethrawin, +tai oppressit Galloway siclike, and fra +te samyn of men and bestiall draif ane huge pray. The king having his ingine gevin nocht onelie to domestic and religious actis, bot als~wele to fatis of were, inflammyt # be glore of his gudeschir, reiosing mekill +tat +te mocioun of # were was provokit be inemyis and +tat he suld nocht begyn sic wrangwis weris, he directit first ambassiatouris to # Romanis, desiring redres~ of iniuris according to +te lyig. Quhen to +te Romane legate ambassiatouris had schewin +tare charge, thay war ansuerit with grete pride and derisioun +tat Scottis and Pichtis, maist abiect of vthir barbare naciouns, war skant sa mekle be Romanis extemyt, as sufferit mak seruice like vile sklavis: howbeit +tai wald be wilfully randerit, and gif # Romanis wald suffir +tame liff, +tai war sparit onelie to kepe +tare # bestiall and driffe +te samyn to +tare campe for +tare wynter # provisioun, togiddir with +tare dochteris and wyiffis to be abusit at # ples~our of +te weremen: and gif it war anys menyt +tai wald refuse sic seruice, heviare chargis suld be to +tame laid, to caus~ # +tame vnderstand quhat inconvenientis mycht follow contrare lordis of all +te warld to contend. At +tis ansuere King Mogall # commovit, testifying goddis Romanis had violate +te pece and contempnit

his message, besocht +tai suld apoun +tat nacioun bring +te haill myschefe of +te were, +tat first +tareof maid # provocacioun. Nocht lang eftir, preparing all necessaris for hoisting, he # departit fra Siluria quhare +te power of Scotland convenit, and convoyit his armye to Galloway, quhare with the maist nobill of his folkis he vesyit the tovmb of illustre Gald, his gudeschir, with sacrifice accustumyt and vthir ceremonis. Quhen with solempnit pompe he had completit +te funerall seruice, in # presens of +te kirkmen (callit Drwidis for +te tyme) with devote # supplicacioun and prayere conforme to +te rite of Gentilis, prostrate to ground he said: "Nobill Gald, maist victorios~ prince, # quhilk vmquhile eftir sa mony aduersiteis of fortune be thy importune laubouris restorit +te realmez of Scottis and Pichtis, almaist distroyit be +te Romane armye, and abiecting +te +goik of # seruitute expellit fra +te realme potent inemyis, lordis and conquerouris of +te warld, and be favoure of goddis, vincust +tame in bataill, now we, quhilk baith in pece and were war reddy to lufe and serue the with mare ardent cherite +tan may be expremyt, prostrate, in presence of +ti honorable towmb, # perpetuall refuge to all Scottis in aduersite, constitute now in grete danger, with lamentable voce we incall +ti beryit corps (bot erare +ti quyk and liffand spirit) to be propiciant to ws, persewit be +te samyn inemyis quham +tow vincust in +tis place; humelie beseking, gif +tow has owdir divine vertewe or power, +tat quhen we +ti posterite, molestit with iniust weris, sall strike +te bargane, thow suffir nowder oure inemyis, # brekaris of +tare faith, haue victorie, nor +ti honour be fule+geit be # +tare outrage, quhom thow before ourethrewe and of benevolence sufferit depart sauflie with life and gudis, quharefore +ti # name mon on force be to all Romanis terribill." Quhen Mogall had said +tir wourdis, the multitude present, with clamour and confusit sound beseking +te goddis to +te sammyn effect, enbrasit +te ymage of Gald flourit and ourefrett with # garlandis, as was +tan +te custume at funerall likis, and with devote wourdis of haly ceremonis conforme to +te maner of Gentile ritis sacrifyit to haue fortune ewros~ baith in +tare passage and returne. Siclike +te religios~ wemen present with +te preistis at +te sacrifice, dingand +tare flesch with skurgis to

appere mare devote, with bittir maledictiouns heiffing +tare handis towart +te hevin, cruelly waryit and cursit +te empriour and al +te Romane sene+geory. [}HOW KING MOGALL WITH +TE KING OF PICHTIS STRAIK ANE FEILD CONTRARE ROMANIS AND WAR VICTOURIS. CAP=O= IJ=O=}] Hereefter King Mogall tranoyntit to Anandale, quhare he fand Vnipane, king of Pichtis, reddy with his armye as was devisit. Sua with power conionit +tai invadit Westmareland and Cumbirland for +te tyme obeysant to +te sene+geory of Romanis. Herying +tai boundis be fire and swerde, +tai # distroyit all +tat mycht nocht be eselie caryit nor removit. The inhabitantis herethrow affrayit, fled to strenthis quhare +tai mycht haue refuge. Romanis quhilk kepit castellis and # fortalicis fled to Lucius Anthenous, legate, at +Gork for the tyme, to plene+ge +te iniuris of Scottis and Pichtis. Lucius, # contracting ane armye throw all Britan, haistelie with strang power occurrit to inemyis. King Mogall, knawing ye cuming of Romanis, and fering +tai suld haistelie invaid his folkis # skalit on +te feildis, convenyng +tame be sound of trumpett, to +tame said as followis: "To convoy oure affaris with honoure (maist vail+geand campiouns) with all exhortaciouns, I fynd # first suld be schewin to oure armye. Na thing may sa mekill avance stalwart men to conques~ lawde and glore as stoutlie to repell +te iniuris of inemyis quhen +tai persewe, and erare or +tai be subiect to +te +goke of vile seruitute and lif in thirllage, to # fecht in defence of liberte and native cuntre, quhill +tare life may lest. Hereof we haue suthfast exemplis nocht onelie of oure forebearis bot of vthir naciouns. Be how grete force and wisdome, traist +te, King Eder, fortifying Cassibilane, king of Britan, lauborit to expell Iulius Cesare, first chiftane of # Romanis, invading Albion, quhen he tendit fra Britouns reif +tare # liberte; how beit frustrate of his purpois, he departit like ane fleare. Herethrow Eder to him and his posterite conquest perpetuale lawde and honoure. Werelie vassalage and fortitude with na les~ lawde and glore has decorit illustre King Caratake, quhilk

in mony iournayis be variabill fortoun contending for his liberte, quhen be inemyis he mycht nocht be vincust, he was desauit be fraude of his wikkit cousines, Cartwmandua, # deliuerit to inemyis and led captive to Claudius, Romane emprioure, becaus in sic aduersiteis his mynde was euer invincibill, debating his kinrik to the extreme. How beit he was vincust, he was mare extemyt +tan inemyis victouris, and be benevolence of Cesare deliuerit to liberte, was restorit to his realme # exempill doutles of excellent fortitude to +te posterite. Siclike we remember his broder germane, King Corbreid, of als gude mynde in defending his liberte and lauboring quhil he was nere consumyt be weris, to drive fra Albioun +te pridefull domynion of Romanis, quhilk sa mony +geris be cruell weris molestit oure cuntre. Finalie inemyis to sic miserie war brocht +tat howbeit +te maist parte of his nobillis war in # batell slane, +git be him +te Romane pussance was sa extenuate and feblit +tat, during his life, +tai mycht na way supprise +te # boundis of Scottis and Pichtis. It sall nocht bene vnplesing to # remember in +tis place the illustre prince King Gald my gudeschir, maist nobill and vail+geand of all vtheris in his days, twichit with sa mony infortunate caiss~, in sa mony dangeris contending contrare Romanis bot erare fortune, and sa oftymes be aduersite +tareof vincust, sa oftymes chaissit, tynyng of hors~men and futemen, +te maist parte cummerit with infinite calamyteis mony +geris, be discumfiture of diuers~ armyis ilk ane eftir vthir, he persewit, euer constant in his opinioun, nocht brokin be mysfortune, susten and stoutlie all aduersite, quhill # fortune, wery throw lang debate contrare vertew (gif sua be lefull to speik), to +tat vail+geand prince gaif place, and finalie # almaist was constrenit behald him with ane mare freyndlie e. Sua quhen finalie he had dung Romanis with vntelland myscheif bakwart to +tare campe eftir +tai war thryis~ vincust in batell, and thirllit to sic subiection +tat howbeit latelie # nowthir +te haill warld nor +te out ilis to +tame war sufficient, # naroly within +tare strenth +tai mycht defend +tare livis. This king saw +te sicht quhilk neuer before happynnyt to mortall man (how beit in opulence and vail+geandnes excelling) +tat humelie asking grace, at his fete lay ambassiatouris of +tat pepill to

quham sa mony kingis, vail+geand chiftanis and governouris of diuers~ naciouns war subiectit and glaid to haue grant of mercye, resauit baith lawis and condiciouns of pece at his plesere; nochtwithstanding to +tame all nacions for +te maist parte obtemperis and obeyis. Attoure +te place quhare conquest was +tis memorabil victorie, is callit fra him Galdia, in remembrance to +te posterite of +tat glorios~ act quhil +te realme of Scottis sall lest. Thir premiss~ conducis mare to +te glore of +te illustre prince Gald and to all Scottis nacion that with sic force he debatit sa extremelie and sa lang # contrare Romanis sa opulent and expert in weris. Now, freyndis and cumpan+geons, quhilkis owdir war present or ar discendit of vail+geand forebearis at weris with +tis nobill prince, # consider, I beseik, quhat partie +ge haue in +tis iourneye. Trewlie +ge haue ado bot with sic pepill as +ge vincust, chasit and # discumfist afore, and sufferit bot at +goure ples~our to liff. Siclike I # wald +ge considerit quhat +ge ar treulie. +Ge ar victouris # vnful+geit in curage, protectouris of +gour cuntre, liberte, wyiffis, # childer, lawis and native goddis, nocht kindillit be ambicioun of sene+geory to fecht, nor be covatice to reif rowmys fra # vtheris, bot be constant manhede to strike the bargane. Attoure remembir quhat dishonoure is to think +tat Romanis sa oftymes vincust, may nocht now be ourethrawin. Beleif weill +ge haue now +te samyn vertewe and strenth, with als gude fortune as in tyme precedent. Quharefore, maist vale+geand campiouns (to quham +te victorie is reddy at hand), pas fordwart and strike doun +goure inemyis, afore be +gow fule+gete, and dryfe +tame to flicht, sen in nocht ellis +tai haue esperance. Stout curage onelie is requirit, and doutles be +goure manhede +ge # sall haue +gour intent." Be thir wourdis or siclike the king # kindillit +te curage of his folkis with grete fervoure to strike +te # bargane. Nor Lucius Anthenous, Romane legate, was na les~ diligent with ane vehement vrasoun to exhort his armye desirus of batell, persuading +tat, be exempill of forebearis, +tai suld # with manlie curage do +tare devoure, memorative be quhat laubouris +tai war hantit in weris to ouresett, discumfis~ and ourethraw the strang ordinance of inemyis; als +tai suld remember +tai had now ado bot with barbare and vndantit pepill without

resoun, sterit only be furie and rage; off quhilk rage the effect is to distroye the poweris baith of body and mynde, to kyndill men abone mesure, to attempt interprisis of folie and quhen maist stranglie is to be fochtin, +tare curage # fail+geis and in ane schort moment brokin. Fferder, he exhortit +tai suld haue confidence in +te innative vassalage of Romanis, and nocht exteme inemyis, cruell, inhumane and vnmercifull quhare +tai mycht be maisteris amang +tame self, lauboring in contynuall discorde without exterioure provocacion, assembling now for na lufe +tai haue to vtheris, bot for haterent of inemyis: howbeit amang +tame self was auld fede, lurkir with mekill vthir rankoure and fede: quharefore be grete confidence +tai suld mak for batell, fermlie beleiffing to # ourethraw +tare fais; for without disceptacioun +tai suld wyn excellent glore becaus +te rowmys, be sleuth of Trebellius in Albiane loist, be +tare manhede to +te Romane Impire suld be restorit. In +tis sorte endit Lucius his exhortacioun. Syne on a+tir partie incalling +tare goddis, with greter hete +tan # may be extemyt +tai ionit +te batell. Apoun oure folkis Romanis schot grete nowmer of arrowis and kest dartis, quharethrow mony war woundit. Oure archearis agane schott arrowis and with slungis and stanis did grete mischeif. Wemen in copios~ nowmer faucht myxt amang oure armye, and eftir incredibill multitude of stanis warpit apoun Romanis, vsit weill +tare wapynnys, turnyng +tare womanlie and dolf curage in ire, fering na wapin, armoure nor perrell, and +te sarare +tai war woundit, war mare egir in cruelte, excelling +te men of were. The place quhare +te feild was gevyn was avantage to oure folkis and na litill skaith to Romanis, ffor +te cuntre was to +tame vnkend, quharethrow +tai happynnyt, amang haggis, sewchis and vthir sic brokin gatis, +tat on force +tai war # sinderit, contrinit almaist in rowtis and cumpanyis to fecht. The bargane on athir partie was cruell, bot maist dangerous~ in +te myddill warde quhare +te chiftanis faucht, ffor be grete manhede athir partie in curage was kindillit. Romanis thocht +tai suld nocht be vincust be sic barbare pepill, maist abiect of all +te warld, quham sa oftymes +tai had contempnit: Scottis and Pichtis be +te contrare, thinkand quhill +tare life mycht

indure +tai suld nocht leis~ +te name of victorie with sa grete laubouris conquest. Athir army kepit +te feild quhare +te batell began, irkit and wery, inflicting grevous woundis, saciate ilkane be slauchter of vtheris. Ffinalie eftir lang fechting +tai devodit swerdis and tuke knyffis. Quhen # innowmerabill war slane, nowthir partie apperit leif +te feild. Chiftanis, behalding sa horribill slauchter, repentit in ane parte +te bargane, seand +te fall of sa mony wicht men on athir side. At last Scottis and Pichtis be innative ferocite contrinit Romanis remove, nocht as flearis bot withdrawe +tame softlie fra +te feild, sustenit na langare +te multitude and force of inemyis. This aduerting Lucius, and with grete schowtis exhorting his folkis to returne, praying +tai suld nocht gif # bak to +tare barbaris, nor +tat day defile +te glore of +te Romane # maieste, he was woundit with ane arrow be schot of ane fute man and departit of +te feild. Apoun him followit grete multitude of +tame in speciall quhilk desirit erare behald +te bargane, # +tan fecht. +Te remanent, persaving +tare feris fle, gaif haistelie # +te bak and to salf +tare livis to +te nixt woddis spedelie ran. # Sum Romanis quhilk without dangere of +tare life for inemyis mycht nocht wyn +te forest returnit, vthir wayis throw # ignorance of +te ground, incertane quhare +tai mycht be salf. Now was +te son declynyng and +te victorios~ army of Pichtis and Scottis at blast of trumpet left +te chais~, returnyng to +te # feild, quhare with plesand singing, incredibill blythtnes and clamour +tai draif the nycht to end. On +te morne collecting +te # spule+ge and +te kingis with nobillis of athir nacioun consulting, +tai war aduertist be exploratouris, how Romanis fleing afore in ane rout war assemblit within twa mylis, impeschit be ignorance of watteris, bankis, sewchis and brayis, nocht knawing quhare to pas~. To persewe +tame ane cumpanye of gudelie men was chosin, and quhen +tai come in sicht, Romanis # vnabasitlie drewe to ane know reddy to fecht and erare be slane than be randerit. Quhen Scottis and Pichtis considerit Romanis sobir in nowmer and pussance addressing for batell, thay had miseracioun, persuading +tame to devode wapynnys and wilfully be randerit, allegeand +tare chiftane was present, reddy to gif +tame grace +tat +tai mycht sauflie to +tare armye

returne. Romanis refusit, thinkand grete dishonour eftir sa terribill myscheif in subiectioun to lif vnder the barbaris. Sua quhen +tai wald nowthir be randerit nor desire grace at +te kingis bot obstinatelie wald fecht, +tai war ilkane slane # be Scottis and Pichtis in haterent and ire, hevilie contrare +tame commovit. How beit mony abhorrit sa grete crudelite. On +te morne, conforme to +te rite of Gentilis, quhen sacrifice # eftir +te victorie was maid, the kingis causit +tare folkis convene # of newe, quhare +tai commendit mekill +tare curage, rewarding +te maist vale+geand and vtheris as +tai had deseruit and borne +tame in batell; syne consultit lang how +te remanent weris suld be reulit. [}HOW THE EMPRIOURE ADRIANE COME IN BRITANE AND EXTENDIT ANE DIKE BETUIX +TE WEST AND EST SEYIS; OF +TE TYRANNYE AND VICIS OF KING MOGALL; OF HIS SLAUCHTER AND VTHIR INCIDENTIS. CAP=O= 3=O=}] Lucius Anthenous, Romane legate, in +te mene tyme send ane messagere to Rome, aduertissing Adriane empriour of +te batall aduersare in Britane: how Romanis planlie war vincust be barbaris, maist cruell pepill of all v+tiris # fechting in batell all atanis without excepcioun, and mare kenelie wemen +tan men: he besocht him send supple in Britane to defend +te province, v+tirwais it was force owder obey +te barbaris or be slane, or schamefully leif +te cuntre. Quhen this in Rome was schawin, Adriane emprioure incontinent made his expedicioun towart Britan and with grete iournayis come in Gallia, and fra thyne with difficill saling be Calice # to Albion. At his cuming he was certifyit be inhabitantis that Scottis and Pichtis, proude abone mesure of +te recent # victorie, with mare power +tan afore had invadit the province of Romanis, distroyit all be fire and swerde, nowthir sparing +gong nor # auld, wemen nor men, drevin bestiall away, disturssit +te cuntre of insicht and victualis sa mekil as +tai mycht cary, and brynt the remanent cornis, townys and vthir thingis, and laid all waist to +te ryver of Tyne. At thir thingis +te empriour # commovit,

desirus to revenge sic iniuris to +te Romane armye, adionit +te power contractit of Gallis and Britan, and with all his ordinance movit towart +Gork, quhare mare commodioslie to haue his intent he restit ane litill, quhil euery man had # providit victualis for twa monethis. Syne tranoynting towart inemyis, and with difficulte passing the flude of Tyne, the # feird day he come to feildis denwde and bare of all thingis necessare to +te vse of man. Quhen he had travellit ane day and ane vthir, seand nowthir bestiall, corne nor nane liffand thing, knawand how +te inhabitantis war fled to strenthis, and certifijt be exploratouris and vtheris spule+gete of +tare # gudis, of +te condiciouns of Scottis, how +tai war mare lesty and # durabill in weris +tan ony vthiris to ly in wynter on +te plane without palliouns or covertouris, remanyng in boggis and merress~ as in strenthis, amang frost, snaw and haill, and quhen vthir pepill in wynter maid +tame for rest, +tai wald nocht skaill +tare armye bot fle, gif inemyis persewit, to +te montanis intractibil and horribill be intemperance of weddir, and to follow +tame in sic strate erdis war cummyr abone mesure without experience of +te ground, and nowthir in schort tyme nor without grete hurte of +te Romane armye +tai mycht be vincust. And als he tendit vesy all +te Romane provincis, maturely discussing he mycht nocht lang tary in Britan, he left +te persute of Scottis, thinking he had done eneuch for weil of +te empire and his honoure gif in his expedicioun he had dantit sum parte the rebellioun of Britouns and relevit +te Romane provincis fra molestacioun of barbaris in tyme cuming. Quharefore +tat +te invasiouns of Scottis and Pichtis apoun Britan suld +tareeftir be stoppit, in +tat parte of # Albioun obeying Romanis, he was +te first +tat gart big ane thik strang wall of dovettis and faill, grete and heich as ony hill, with ane depe and braid foussye before +te samyn ffra +te mouth of +te river of Tyne extendit to the wattir of Esk and fra +te est sey to +te west. Eleus Spartanus, famous writare of +te Romane actis, haldis +tat +tis dyke had iiij=xx= mylis in # lenth. Oure croniklis schawis it was begunnyn be Adriane and eftir certane +geris completit be +te Empriour Severe; quharefore I beleif that +te commoun writaris of oure historyis has tane

occasioun to call it the Wall of Severe. Bot following +te opinioun of Romanis and Veremond, quhare we write of it eftirwart we will call it +te Dike of Adriane, first begynnare # of +te sammyn. Quhen +te empriour had dressit all his affaris in +tai partis as +te tyme requirit he departit to Westmorland and fra thyne to Walis, becaus he herd +te heris +tareof had conspirit. Comprehending and punyssing +tame with litill lauboure, he repressit all sic mociouns. Ffra thyne he movit towart Kentschire. Tarying at Londoun quhil +te barouns of Britan convenit to +te Romane felicite to applawde, he resauit +tame plesandly, rewarding +tame with riche giftis +tat fra thyne furth +tai repentit nocht +tare subiectioun to Romanis. Ffra Londoun but tary he passit to Gallia (now Ffrance), having with him Lucius Anthenous legate, sare with infirmite vexit be intemperance of +te Britan are, and in his place # constitute Aulus Victorinus legate. Victorine, eftir +te emprioure departit, incontinent disponit stark power in all castellis and strenthis nixt +te dike, quhilk latelie is remembrit, to stop # +te violence of Scottis and Pichtis fra molestacioun of # inhabitantis +tai boundis. Quharethrow Britouns certane +geris liffit at securite vnder +te Romane lawis. Scottis and Pichtis amang +tame dividit +te Britan landis waistit afore and assignit +te est parte to Pichtis, the north and west partis to +te Scottis; syne appoyntit of new, ald fale+gete castellis and strenthis # +tat war nere +te dyke, stuffing +tame with garnisoun and mwnicions to stop +te iniuris of Romanis and Britouns fra +te new # inhabitantis. Ffra thyne +te regne of Mogall was relevit fra domestic and exterior weris. Bot how beit he conquest glorios~ victorie apoun Romanis, lordis of all +te warld, he mycht nocht (bot erare wald nocht) reule nor tempir him self, abone mesure vsing lustis and plesuris, +tat he grew to foule vicis and age baith attanis; he gaif him self to lustis and avarice in his age, # +tat he eschamyt nowdir of plane reif nor vthir inhoneste, abusand elike +te wyiffis of nobillis and commouns. He wald planelie revis~ and defoul wemen at his ples~our, abstenyng nowder fra wedois nor virginis. Attoure he pervertit all iustice, # suffering mysdoaris quhilkis had owthir few gudis or nane, mak reif and rubery without correctioun; and gif men of substance

in sobir crymez war deprehendit he causit +tame be slane, and confiskit all +tare gudis. Ffirst of all vthir princis he # decretit +tat quhen ane man be +te lawe was put to dede or to +te horne, his gudis, without respect of wiffe, barnys or creditouris, # suld be eschetit, quhen before +tat tyme, gif ane man for ane # crymynall actioun was condampnit to dede, his wyfe and childer mycht of law bruke his landis, biggingis, insicht, with all his vthir gudis. This law, representing +te insaciabill auarice of +tis king, is with diligence obseruit in +tis realme to +te # rigoure quhil +tis day. Bot sic abhominable vicis mycht nocht be lang vnpunyst (the goddis +tareto aduersant), ffor nobillis and # commouns, be +tir grete iniuris inflambit, devisit distructioun of +te king, and to perfurnis +tare intent, constitute certane men in armes and devisit tyme and place convenient. The king, knawing him culpabill, suspectit gretelie +te coniuracioun. Incertane gif he knew it be warnyng of wichis, mekle extemyt in +tai dayis, or be aduertising of freyndis +tat knew +te # mater, ffering his life he devisyt fle to +te Ilis. To awate # oportunite, in +te dirk nycht he fene+git seiknes and bownit him sonare to bed +tan he accustummyt. Quhen all was at rest he tuke his halkrik, bow and scheif, and convoyit with twa servandis passit to +te forest beside, leiffand all +te remanent, in # quham he confidit litill, as commonlie ane crymynale conscience in creature can haue grete confidence. On +te morne +te # conspiratouris, knawing +te king fled, haistelie followit. And he, tending to declyne +tare scharpe persute, be aventure happynnyt amang inemyis apoun him awating, be quham he was slane with mony grevous~ woundis, +te xxxvj +gere of his regnne, quhilk was of oure Redempcioun j=c= xlviij +geris; Anthonius # Pius brouking +te Romane Impire and Phyat Alb regnand abone Pichtis. Quhare +te king was slane +tai straik of his hede, quhilk apoun ane spere be ane rebald to +te nixt village was borne, with derisoun and skorne, quhare ane grete multitude was tarying +te fyne of +te mater. Sum devisit his carioun suld be cassyn to wylde beistis to be rent and revyn, for his # demeritis requirit +te samyn. Bot +te nobillis, memorative of +te # virtuos~ actis of King Gald, defendit sic crudelite, and causit the hede and corps be beryit with princelie pompe, nocht for+getting

+tat preclare actis of nobill men suld be honorit. Mogall in +tis sorte tuke ane cruell and vnhappy end, obscuring, sa fer as was in him, +te glore of Gald his nobill gudeschir. Betuix deceis~ of Dardan king and +tis tyme mony famous men war liffand, in +te quhilk tyme succedit to +te crowne thre kingis liniale of +te blude of Gald. Ffor to Gald succedit his son Lugthak, and to Lugthak +tis Mogall, dochteris son to Gald. Thir famous cunnyng men war Quintiliane, oratoure and rhetoure maist preclare; Serapio, philosophoure apprisit abone all vtheris; Philo +te Iow, philosophoure and oratoure, of quham falslie is vsurpit +tat owthir Plato fene+geis him Philo, or ellis Philo schawis him Plato; Plinius +te secund, quhilk wrate +te Naturale Historyis na les trewlie +tan # cunnynglie, contenyng xxxvij volumys; Cornelius Tacitus, historiographoure, quham in +tis mater we haue oftymes with diligence followit; Cecilius Plenius +te Secund, oratour; # Suetonius Tranquillus; Ptholome +te astrolog, famous in his tyme, quhilk as sum apprisit authouris writis ordorit with new # addiciouns the discripcioun of +te erde, compilit be Ptolome callit Phaladelph, king of Egipt; Lucius Apuleius, Affrican oratoure; Aulus Gelius; Plutharcus Chironeus, philosophoure. Sum writis Egisippus, historiographoure of +te actis of Cristianis and Iowis, liffit +tis tyme. By thir war mony famous poetis, as Iuuenale, Sillius Italiane, Marciale, and diuers~ vtheris # cunnyng men, excelling in doctryne and vertewe. About +tis tyme Romane empriouris throw all +te warld persewit cruelly all Cristianis and slewe Lyne, Clete, Clement, Anaclete, Auarist and Alexander papis; siclike Domicilla, Euphrosina, Theodora, virginis; Hermagora bischop, discipill of Sanct Mark # ewangelist; Nichomede preist; Ffortunate Archidene; marthiris and vtheris without nowmer, confessing +te name of Criste, nocht aduerting of quhat strenth and vertew was +te Catholic faith quhilk, how mekill it was ourethrawin be crudelite of tyrannys, samekle it incressit and be persecucioun was starker. Now to oure mater lat ws returne.

[}HOW CONARE WAS CROWNIT; OF HIS MYSGIDING; HOW HE WAS PRIVATE OF HIS CROUN AND INCARCERATE; HOW ARGADE WAS MADE GOUERNOURE; HOW FOR HIS MYSGIDING HE WAS ACCUSIT AND +TAREEFTIR VERTUOUSLIE GOUERNIT +TE KINRIK. CAP=O= IIIJ=O=}] King Mogall, as said is, in begynnyng of his regnne mycht of resoun be comptit amang vthir nobill princis, bot finalie he abusit sua his goverment +tat he was vnwourthy to bruke owder life or crowne and made sic end as said is. Nor his son Conare eftir him gidit litill bettir, nor had na bettir fortune, for be tresoun in his faderis persoun (persuading secretelie his slauchter) he gat +te crowne and in begynnyng of his regne dissimilit his vicis to quhilkis he was halely gevin. Quhen eftirwart he had +te realme stabill, in voluptuosite he consumyt all rentis and revennous~ annext to +te crowne, gevin large possessiouns and landis to vicios~ persouns quhilkis be flatterie (as oftymes is sene) commendit his corruptit maneris and detestit vertew, gif he vsit ony. Be counsell of +tir # persouns without avise of his wise barouns all was reulit, tending to induce new invencioun of bankettis and delicate chere without regarde to +te temperate diet of antecessouris. Quhen be mony infamous vicis he had consumyt all substance annext to +te crowne, at convencioun of +te nobillis, be ane lang and tedious~ proposicioun he schewe mony thingis concernyng +te splendoure, honeste and multitude of +te kingis houshald of fryant chere and ordoure +tareof, and of +te honeste of his tabill, like as grete vertew had bene in sic thingis, how beit doutles +tai ar grete parte of seruitute, and becaus +te kingis propirte mycht nocht sustene +te samyn, he desirit ane # taxacioun be maid +tat euery man eftir his faculte suld assigne ane porcioun of his gudis to his expens~. It was ansuerit be +te counsell +tai couth nocht (nor +git efferit nocht) decerne haistelie in sa grete mater, strange and vnknawin to +te pepill afore; it requirit grete consultacioun and avisement; +tai suld convene on +te morne in +te samyn place and gif ansuere. The nycht following +tai concludit secretelie to apprehend +te

king, and denude him of princelie estate, as his vicios~ and mysgidit lyfe requirit. To +tis effect +tai devisit men in # armys. On +te morne ane was chosin to ansuere in +tis sorte: "The barouns and heris of +te realme amervellis how +te king regnyng in pece and rest can nocht be sustenit be his rentis, of # quhilkis mony princis preclare baith in pece and were (how beit +tai war molestit be inemyis) war content afore, without exactiouns of +tare liegis. Gald the king, redemer of his kinrik, to quhom for contynuall weris grete expens~ behuffit ythandlie be # furnyst, vsit na exactiouns in extreme necessite, knawing weil how odious~ sic thingis wer to +te pepill. And his giding was nocht elike to +te vsis of Conare oure prince, ffor +tat with mare vigilant cure Gald mycht vaik to govern his realme, he removit fra him and his pepill all voluptuos~ plesuris and with grete laubouris gaif him to defend his kinrik and expell inemyis +tarefra, debarring fra his army tavernaris, cukis, wemen of sporte, ruffianis and all vtheris, sic plesouris as mycht # effemynate or soft +te curage of his folkis. Be +te contrare, Conare oure prince, drownit in lustis, vsis cumpany of harlottis and vthir vicious~ persouns to him plesing, hevy with ws to be sufferit. Be +tare counsell he dressis +te grave materis of +te realme, effering bettir men of wisdome, and quhen +tai haue conquest riches and landis, +tai desire invenciouns to disturs~ baith nobillis and commouns of +tare gudis, and eftir mony hevy chargis, has fynalie excogitate ane taxt strange and odios~ to +te pepill of Scotland; and hereof maid +te king begynnare, +tat of all +te realme +tai may bruke +te substance. Bot +tai salbe finalie of +tare purpois~ dissauit, as +tai haue begilit mony vtheris lang tyme afore, and sall be brocht to sic poynt +tai sall myster exactiouns na mare, ffor +tai salbe condampnit to +te gallous~ and +tare gudis eschete for +tare crimes. The king be decrete of +te nobillis salbe in sure # keping. The giding of +te realme salbe assignit to sic men as +te # counsell fyndis maist ganand, quhil +tarefore be providit, gevin # exempill baith to sic vile persouns how grete folie is, to abuse +te # kingis authorite, and als to +te king how evill is to be mysgidit baith in his awne persoun and liegis." Skantlie had he endit his wourdis quhen +te king with ane hie voce cryit: "Mischeant

men, how dar +ge presume to myssay me with sic reproche? Gif +ge haue contrare me devisit tresoun, on +goure self it sall be sene and sall be haistelie revengeit with # punycioun for cryme of leis~ maieste requirit." Thareto ansuerit +te barouns, he was nocht wourthy to bruke +te sete of King # Ffergus~, becaus servile and vnwourthy persouns at +tare ples~our oppressing +te pepill, be his sleuth and voluptuosite, had # supprisit gude men langare +tan enewch. At +tir wordis was rasit ane cry be +te parte of +te barouns. Syne certane # stalwart men laid handis on +te king and led him fra +te counsell to ane chalmer. His myn+geons be quhais counsell he abusit +te commoun weill war bundin, and eftir diueris~ panys, at command of +te barouns hangit. Eftir this +tai create ane # nobill man, Argade, cheif of Argathele, gouernoure, to vse +te kingis authorite, quhil v+tir wayis war decernit how +te king suld be gidit. Argade, in +te begynnyng takand grete laubouris with wisdome, authorite and avise of +te barouns, dantit reiff, stouth, slauchter and vthir crimez, with sic discrecioun, +tat be sleuth nor rigour na thing was done, displesing nane in his defalt, exemplare to all vthir princis, war +tai neuer sa # vertuous~. Bot eftir certane +geris (as is +te custume of mortaill men) prosperite abstractit his mynde fra iustice, quhen # for+getting his vertuous~ maneris and postponyng to consult in grave materis with +te barouns, he reulit all sic thingis be private counsell, fostering sedicioun and discorde amang +te clannys. And +tat +te noblis to him suld euer hafe recours~, he maid concorde betuix partys debatabill and discorde of newe as he plesit. Be choussing and affinite he drewe to him +te heris of Pichtis and tuke in mariage ane nobill woman of Pichtis blude, dochter to +te prince of Otoline (now Fiffe), sua +tat # his pussance and +taris concurring, he mycht liff in mare securite. The nobillis hevily weyit the vicis and dissymulacioun of Argade, and scharplie accusit him in counsell +tat, how beit be +tare avise he was create governoure for his vertewe, and +te king for his mysgidit vicis was private of +te crowne, be multiplicacioun of crymes he followit +te liffing of +te # abiectit king, he contractit mariage with ane aliene and myxt his dochteris with +te blude of Pichtis, nowthir be avise of +te

nobillis, nor taryand decrete of prudent barouns, best myndit to +te wele of +te realme; bot be his private counsell, in # hurte of +te pepill, he ministerit all grave materis; quharethrow with grete dishonoure tynand his gude name he had in +ge first +geris of his goverment, to +te pepill venerabill for # preemynent vertewis, his excellent ingyne, sum tyme gevin to sic vertewis as efferit ane nobill prince, was now applyit to thingis quharein was nowthir honeste nor gude maneris. [^SIGN # OMITTED^] Argade, hering +tis scharpe accusacioun eschamyt, nocht contenyng fra weping, quhen be na way he couth purge his cais~ how beit he multiplyit wourdis, besocht +tai suld remove pane corispondent to his demeritis, leif +tare ire, be to him favorable, and nocht punys~ him as he had deseruit; ffor peraventure be his gude bering he mycht eftirwart remove the dishonoure incurrit be his mysgiding, and suld reddres~ all iniuris sufferit be nobillis or commouns throw his culpe and sleuth. Syne prostrate to grond, he referrit his persoun and substance to +te will of +te barouns, to be disponit # +tareapoun at +tare plesere. The noblis be weping and gude wourdis of +te governoure, movit of piete, consentit he suld vse his office as afore and his consalouris suld be removit and incarcerate. Thareeftir he did nowthir public nor private act without avise of barouns. Abstenyng fra all domestic counsell, he gaif him with diligence to minister equite and iustice, and put ordoure to schireffis, capitanis and vthir officiaris, decreting +tai suld haue power to correct onelie # small crymez, and remytt correctioun of grete crimez to +te iustice. How beit, fra +te begynnyng of +te Romane weris to +tis tyme the kingis sufferit schireffis and vtheris officiaris punys~ # all crimes indefferentlie at +tare plesere; syne ceirssand thevis, reiffaris and sornaris trubling +te cuntre (of +tir in +te # Ilis, Argathele and cuntreis adiacent war grete nowmer) quhare +tai mycht be apprehendit war deliuerit to +te burreoure to be slane. Alsua he statute +tat all officiaris and reullaris of # +te cuntre suld abstene fra thingis provocative to drunkynnes, sua +tat +te reullaris of +te pepill suld nocht myster mare # keping +tan vtheris: to brekaris +tareof na les pane +tan dede was proponit. Tavernaris, common cukis, and vthiris sic kynde

of folkis, devisit mare to +te voluptuosite +tan necessite, # inflammyng men to delicatenes aganis the temperance of antecessouris, war banyst, thare gudis confiskit and +tare biggingis distroyit. The governoure, be +tir and sic vthir actis of # polecy honorabill, lauborit parte be authorite parte be favouris to caus~ +te pepill abstene fra iniuris of vpiris. Quharethrow within schort tyme, evill avisit persouns become gude men, and men weill gevin afore daly procedit to bettir. Syne +te viij +gere of his authorite Conare king, quhilk (as # said is) be decrete of +te nobillis was in keping throw lang # incarceracioun, molestit with seiknes gaif +te gaist, the xiiij +gere eftir he had tane +te crowne of Scotland, quhilk regne fell in +te tyme +tat Anthonius Aurelius, philosophoure, broukit +te Romane Impire; and +te history followand salbe of Ethod quhilk eftir deceis~ of Conare regnit. [}HOW ETHOD WAS CROWNIT, AND ARGADE MADE LIEUTENENT OF SCOTLAND; HOW HE RECOUNTERIT ROMANIS IN BATELL, AND QUHAT AVANTAGE HE HAD; HOW VICTORYNE THE ROMANE LEGATE WAS DISCHARGIT, AND TO HIM SUCCEDIT CALPHURNIUS; HOW HE INUADIT SCOTLAND AND REPARIT +TE GRETE DIKE; HOW EFTIR DIUERS~ IUPERTEIS, CALPHURNUS DEPARTIT TO ROME; HOW TREBELLIUS SUCCEDIT LEGATE, AND OF HIS DISSYMULACIOUN. CAP=O= V=O=}] Ethod, sister son to King Mogall, of quham lately is made mencioun, be authorite and votis of +te noblis and pepill and in speciall of Argade, be lyniall successioun resauit +te crowne. Quhen he was declarit king, at parliament in estate royall, thanking +te barouns of his creacioun, with lawde and honoure apprising the goverment of Argade, rewarding him with landis and riche possessiouns, made him grete lieutenent of his realme, to vse authorite of iustice abone all v+tiris # vnder his crowne. The convocacioun dissoluyng, +te king, vesiand all partis of his realme as new princis war accustumyt, salit to +te Ilis. At his cuming was schewin how +te cheif clannys of Insulanis recentlie be discorde of certane lymmaris war drawin to partyis and grete slauchter was made. Quharefore,

be avise of the barouns, he send Argade to ceirs~ the movaris +tareof and bring +tame to +te law, how beit +tai wald resist. Argade in botis and galiouns, sonare +tan +te transgressouris mycht be aduertist, tuke +te ile quhare be exploratouris he knewe +tai remanit. Quhen sum parte be force war takin, and vtheris wilfully randerit, all war led to +te king, and # quha be +te law war fund movaris of +tis trubill war put to dede. The remanent war punyst in +tare gudis and landis at ples~our of +te king and counsell. In +tis sorte +tis sedicion was # happelie repressit. Eftir +te Insulanis war pecifyit the king returnit # to Albion, and passing his tyme at Innerlochte in Lochabir, he was aduertist be Scottis and Pichtis, bordoraris, how Romanis had brokin down the new dyke beildit be +te Emprioure Adriane and with stark power had invadit +te landis, and driving the pray, happynnyt amang Scottis and Pichtis gaderit to resist +tare force. On athir partie cruelly was fochtin. Romanis war victouris, bot nocht without grevous slauchter, ffor +te maist parte of nobillis recountering inemyis war # slane. The king at brute of +tis message send ane herald to Victorine, Romane legate in Britan, to ask redres~ conforme to tenoure of +te pece: gif he refusit, to denunce were +ge xv day # +tareeftir. It was ansuerit be +te Romane: How beit Scottis and Pichtis euer amang +tare self lauborit in discorde, at +te last forray +tai confiderit for evill of +tare nychtbouris, and fra # +te Romane province draif ane pray and siclike Romanis fra +tare landis: the confederate naciouns, contempnyng +te pece, first brak +te dyke and biggit ane strang bastil+ge of tre: and about +te samyn of stanis and dovatis ane strang barmkin, and isching +tarefra had oftymes invadit the Romane provincis, committing thift, reiff and slauchter diuers~ tymes, daly almaist; redres~ was askit invane fra +te wardanis, +tare # heraldis war contempnit and evill demanit; tharefore richtuislie +tai had begunnyn +te brek. Be this ansuere +te king commovit, be wretingis aduertist his broder of Pichtis hereof, exhorting he wald concur with him to revenge +te recent iniuris done be Romanis and reproche of +te contumelios~ wordis of the legate: he suld bete doun +te dyke apoun his bordouris, be fyre and swerde distroy the Romane landis, and tary +te army of

Scottis, quhilk doutles to him suld be sped. The king of Pichtis, thanking +te messagere, promyst he suld with gude hert vse his counsell. Quhen Romanis be exploratouris war aduertist hereof, +tai preparit strang ordinance for batell. Scottis and Pichtis, sloppand +te dyke in diuers~ partis, first in +te Romane province maid apon commons terribill slauchter. Romanis in nycht passing +te camp of innemyis, come to Pichtland, tending +tarethrow to retere and drawe inemyis fra +te Romane boundis. The kingis, of +tare intencioun be wachis certifyit, with power conionit in +te mornyng towart +tame movit. Quhen +tai approchit to sicht, athir armye occurrit in meting of vthir, quhare was haistelie fochtin with variant victorie and equale avantage, ffor +te richt wyngis war victouris and +te left wyngis supprisit. The myddill warde sustenit sa lang +te batell, quhill myrknes~ removing +te # sicht, nowthir of +te armyis apperit gif place to vtheris. Quhen +tus was fochtin, athir armye discumfist, lossing hors~men and vtheris in grete nowmer, on +te nycht, for fere of vtheris # sindering, fled to strenthis. On +te morne wemen quhilk followit Scottis and Pichtis to +te feild (as was +te maner) nowder # having sicht of inemyis nor freyndis, at +tare eis~ gaderit +te # spule+ge. Be this batell, to athir partie aduersant, pussance and strenth was sa ful+gete, +tat +te +gere following +tai desistit fra # batell. In +te present tyme Victoryne legate wrate to +te Emprioure Marcus Anthonius Aurelius how Scottis and Pichtis, inhumane and wylde pepill, agane +te vertewe of trewis had bett downe +te dike, be Adriane biggit to debar +tame fra +te Romane provincis, and oftymes had made invasiouns, slauchter and hereschip with grete crudelite apoun +tare subiectis; the Romane armye had new mellit with +tame in batell, grevous~ slauchter was made on athir partie, euery armye as discumfist gave place to vthir; thay war departit to Pichtland and Galloway to renewe +tare power; litill confidence mycht be gevin to Britouns, elike myndit as Scottis and Pichtis to be at liberte gif +tai mycht se tyme; beseking herefore ye emprioure for supple to +tir grete weris; giff he refusit, # Romanis mycht nocht lang sustene the force of inemyis. The emprioure resaving thir writingis, suspecting +tat, be sleuth and dolf

curage of Victorine in batell and his necligence, +te Romane affaris prosperit nocht in Britan, dischargeing him of # authorite, he providit in his place ane nobill man Calphurnius Agricola, quham he directit with ane armye in Britan to contynewe +te weris contrare +te barbaris as afore. This Calphurnius (as sum men writis) was nevo to Iulius Agricola, maist nobill chiftane of Romanis +tat euer come in Albion, as said is. Quhen Calphurnius come in Britan, with power of Britouns ionit to his armye he tranoyntit to debell +te barbar pepill quhill he come to +Gork, ffra quhilk eftir sacrifice maid in +te rite of # Gentilis for prosper expedicioun, he movit towart +te river of Tyne. Quhen he had passit baith +te flude and +te grete dyke of Adriane he fand all waist, without corne or bestiall, and # nowthir village nor towne, bot all distroyit and birnt be Scottis and Pichtis, that inemyis in +tai partis suld fynd na refuge. # Calphurnius persewand ferder with his armye come to Ordoluce and throw Dere (now Mers~, Berwik and Tividale) to Pichtland. Quharefra eftir he had waistit +te cuntre and birnt +te cornys, with townys and villagis, knawing wynter approchit and his army was to be send to +tare wynter schelis he returnit to +Gork, quhare with his armye he passit his tyme +te wynter following in +te campe. The somer nixt, eftir strang ordinance contrare Scottis and Pichtis was made reddy, Calphurnius on his viage to Scotland was certifijt how +te inhabitantis of Walis with nychtboure naciouns had movit rebellioun contrare Romanis; cieteis and townys war dispul+geit; officiaris, capitanis and soldeouris quhilkis war distribute in garnisoun # to defend +te pepill obeying Romanis, war dispituouslie slane. At +tis message Calphurnius, fering gif he had employit all his # cure to subiect ane parte of Albioun, he suld to +te skaith of +te Romane Impire los~ greter parte conquest be antecessouris be sa grete laubouris, leiffand +te persute of Scottis, gaif # him to repare and big +te dike be +tame and Pichtis for +te maist parte sloppit and bet down. He causit +te fowsyis be clengit of newe and towris with strenthis be biggit to stop inemyis fra incursiouns apoun provincis obeying Romanis. To perfurnis +te werk, he causit craftis men fra all partis be brocht. Quhen samekill was biggit as was distroyit before, levand

power to defend the towris, with his armye he passit apoun Walis. His cuming was terribill to +te inhabitantis. Ffinalie +tai recounterit him in batell and without sare fechting war nocht vincust. This rebellioun was nocht weill repressit quhen ane vthir be inhabitantis +te Ile of Wicht begouth of newe, +te maist parte of Britan noblis to +tame assisting. Nocht+teles~ be grete laubouris of Calphurnius +tai war ouresett and # begynnaris of +te rebellioun to dede punyst. Quhill Calphurnius in this sorte was molestit be sedicioun and batell intestyne, Scottis and Pichtis at hame remanit, abstenyng to iniure Romanis. For having consideracioun of +te tyme, +tai wald nocht provoke the Romane armye, fering mekill +te grete name of Calphurnius Agricola, memorative how his gudeschir, Iulius Agricola, eftir subiectioun of Orduluce, Deer (now Berwik, Mers~, Tevidale [^SIGN OMITTED^] ), Pichtland, # Galloway, Siluria (now Kyle, Carrik, Cunynghame) with boundis adiacent, and # distruction of +tare armyis in batell, had past throw Calidone Wod and brocht +te Romane armye to Horestia (now Angous~). Sua fering siclike fortune in his nevo, +tai abhorrit nocht # litill during his authorite to recounter Romanis. Quhen Calphurnius was certifijt how Scottis and Pichtis had skalit +tare folkis, like as +tai had renuncit the weris and bene subiect, he was glaid +tat the barbaris, as he belevit, without blude war stoppit be +te wall and fowsyis to molest +te provincis of Romanis, and tuke cure to mak vnyte and concorde amang Britouns at divisioun for +te tyme. Ffinalie, +te legate having all rancoure amang +te grete men mitigate and the province in gude reule, he was callit to Rome be Anthonius Commodus emprioure, quhilk to Marcus Aurelius Anthonius in the impire succedit. Sua fra Britane he departit to Gallia, and fra thyne be land iournais to Italie. Eftir him at command of +te emprioure, Publius Trebellius in Britan was maid legate, quhilk gaif him to follow +te goverment of Calphurnius, vsing +te avise of Britan nobillis in graif materis, and sua he gidit him mydway in +tare plesere in +te begynnyng; referring his honouris to +te King Lucius, quhilk be authorite and favoure of +te emprioure, regnit in Britan with lawde and honoure, commending him to +te empriour and senatouris, affirmyng

him of gude mynde to the Empire, and na thing to him was sa thankfull as +te prosperite of +te samyn; inemyis of Romanis war to him odios~; he had punyst diuers~ in the realme contrare him conspiring. Eftir thir and vthir grete lovingis of Lucius to +te emprioure and senatouris, quhen be sic flattery he had maid him to +tame gracios~, he began to opin his lang dissimulit mynde, schewin him gevin to vicis and insaciabill auarice, and within schort tyme, in presens of +te pepill, # accusing men of substance be fene+geit causis, and to satisfy +te rankoure of vtheris, gart +tame be put to dede. Vtheris he exilit +te cuntre, and at his ples~our but respect to honeste or schame intromettit with +te gudis of +tame and vtheris quham he couth nocht accuse be ressoun. Ffinalie +tis # oppressioun made +te legate odios~ to the pepill, quharethrow sedicioun had bene movit gif Lucius king, quhilk favorit Romanis, be supple and counsell had nocht fortifyit his affaris. [}HOW SCOTTIS AND PICHTIS BE BATELL SUPPRISIT TREBELLIUS; HOW THE COMMONIS OF BRITANE CONTRARE ROMANIS CONSPIRIT, AND WAR VINCUST; HOW TREBELLIUS WAS REMOUIT AND PERTINAX MADE LEGATE; OFF +TE HUMANITE AND VAIL+GEANDNES OF PERTINAX; HOW HE WAS COACTIT TO ACCEPT +TE IMPIRE. CAPO=O= VJ=O=}] Scottis and Pichtis knawing how Britouns war myndit to +te legate, thinkand tyme approchit (sen Calphurnius was removit) to revenge ald iniuris, gaderit +tare folkis, with # grete force brak down +te dike and on +te Britoun landis maid spreith and spule+ge. Thir novellis inflammyt +te legate to pas~ with stark ordinance contrare sa cruell inemyis, aganis quham in batell fechtand he was destitute in +te feild be Britons and Gallis, quham he trowit suld fortify his partie. Sua +te legate with armye discumfist tynyng +te feild, naroly evadit # slauchter. This felloun plaig distroyit grete parte of Romanis and na litill nowmer of Scottis and Pichtis. Trebellius collecting +te residew movit to +Gork, tending to renewe his power. How beit grete nowmer of Scottis and Pichtis war slane, +git throw

+te recent victorie +tai grewe mare cruell to revenge slauchter of +tare freyndis, and salfit na presonere in handis. # Thareeftir at +tare ples~our thay opprest Westmorland, Kendale and Cumbirland, and spule+geing +te cuntre abstenit fra na cruelte, +tat +te rurale pepill war sa agast, +tai lippynnyt nocht ellis bot dede. Nochtwithstanding +tat +te legate with hie # indignacioun was hereat commovit, he durst nocht recounter inemyis in plane batell, thinking it mycht hurt +te Romane sene+geory, becaus he crynit mare +te tresoun of Britouns +tan +te manifest invasioun of Scottis. Sua declynyng +te batell, quhare without cummyr he mycht apprehend inemyis skalit in +te cuntre he put +tame to dede, and within mvnyciouns and wallit townys contenit him self and his armye. In +te ilk tyme ane servile conspiracioun, movit be +te commouns of Britan, perturbit mekill +te Romanis. Ffor +te commouns, almaist daly ouresett be Scottis and Pichtis, disparing of reddres, be assistance of diuers~ grete men fail+gete fra +te emprioure, in furoure and # ire making for weir, thay cheissit Caldor chiftane, ane native Picht, becaus he had amang +tame diuers~ +geris conversit, accustumyt with +tare maneris and dispitefully hatit +te Romane name. Sua with haiste expedicion +tai movit contrare Trebellius and his armye. Trebellius, knawing +te fail+ge of Britouns, and +tat +tis were was mekill mare dangerus +tan contrare Scottis and Pichtis, avisit sadlie with freyndis be quhat way he mycht evaid the appering dangere. Eftir mony consultacions he devisit first mell with Britouns, fering gif Scottis with +tame concurrit, without grete slauchter +tai mycht nocht be ouresett. Quharefore he movit contrare Britons. At +te first sicht +te name of +te Romane legate was terribill to +te confusit multitude collectit of divers~ # regiouns; and als +te constans of Romanis, the glance of +tare glitterand armoure, reft fra +tame almaist baith curage and hardyment. Bot be persuasioun and diligence of +tare chiftane, to quham the rebellioun of Britouns was plesing, +tai war kepit in array and cruelly ionit +te bargane quhilk +te Romanis provokit. Cruell and hardy was +te first counter, doutsum ane quhile to quham the victorie suld inclyne. Britouns finalie be Romanis (stoutlie doand +tare devoure) with grete slauchter war

defate. Caldoure, chiftane, with vthir complicis of his # counsell, haistelie fra the feild fled to Pichtland, reiosing nocht # litill +tat be his industrie sa grete slauchter was maid apoun Romanis and Britouns. Sum Britan noblis in sobir arrayment as rude pepill, feyn+geing +tame boyndis, quhen +tai persauit Romanis abstenit nocht fra slauchter of commons, fering +tai suld be siclike in +tat furoure slane, ffynalie revelit +tare # dissymulacioun, how +tai war grete men, quharethrow evading slauchter, +tai war takin be Romanis. Trebellius, knawing +tare dissymulacion and how +tai began all +tare faction, in presens of +te armye gart draw +tame on +te gallous. This crudelite abone mesure inflammyt Britouns contrare Romanis. On +te nycht following, Britouns war tane downe and elike nowmer of Romanis hung apoun +te gebatis, be quhat persouns incertane. The legate be certane coniecturaciouns knawand danger on all part is # apperand, wrate the tressoun of Britouns to +te empriour and iniuris of Scottis and Pichtis, requiring him to provide haisty remeid to mete +te dissate and fellony of all thir nacions # ffail+geing. It mycht aventure +tat Romanis, tynyng +tare conquest in Britane suld on force be expellit +te ile. The Emprioure Anthoun weying in how mekill dangere +te Romane affaris war constitute in Britan, send Partinax, ane nobill man and consul afore, quham +te weremen mekill extemyt, and with grete lawd extollit be +te senatouris (as Iulius Capitolinus writis) # to dres~ all materis in Albion. Trebellius removing fra authorite at his cuming, he schew him meik, sobir and humane to +te pepill. Ffirst to Lucius, king, he was acceptabill, danting +te rebellioun of Britouns mare be benevolence +tan violence slaying sum parte conspiratouris of litill estimacioun, be iugement of euery persoun deserving weill +te dede; syne assale+geing Scottis and Pichtis with mekill slauchter, draif +tame be+gond +te grete dike to remane, persewand +tame na ferder. He was contirmandit [^SIC^] to Rome be +te senatouris, # and eftir +te Empriour Commodus be familiare tresoun murdrist, he was coactit to accept +te impire, quhilk to him wilfully was offerit. Sua Trebellius creat legate of newe in Britan, # Partinax to Rome returnit.

[}HOW TO DANT THE MOCIOUN OF INSULANIS, ARGAD WITH ANE ARMYE WAS DIRECTIT; HOW HE WAS SLANE AND TO QUHAT POYNT OF MISERIE INSULANIS +TAREFORE WAR BROCHT; HOW KING ETHOD INSTITUTE LAWIS OF HUNTING; HOW BE ANE MENSTRALE HE WAS SLANE. CAP=O= VIJ=O=}] Quhill thir actis war in doing, Ethod, king of Scottis, had trubill in his realme. Insulanis hevily weyand +te slauchter of +tare freyndis be Argade, as afore is remembrit, with stark power invadit Argathele, cruelly dispule+geing +te cuntre, sparing nane estate, man na woman, bot indefferentlie vsing cruelte apoun +te pepill. To stanche +tis trubill, Argade with power was send in Argathele. The king with ane army taryit nere the grete dike, reddy to resist gif inemyis wald # assale+ge. Insulanis knawing +te cuming of Argade, occurrit in his meting. Ane litill afore +tis tyme ij=m= Ireland men war arrivit in # Argathele to forray +te cuntre. Thir Iberniens~, to fortify the Insulans contrare Argade, hid +tame amang thik rammell and buskis in buschment, and how sone Argade with his folkis war passit, haistelie +te buschment with terribill schoutis invadit # Scottis. Argade, persaving him invironit in front and at the bak be inemyis, changeing all fere and raddoure in ire, walkynnit the curage of his folkis to +te bargane on nede to be sustenit, sen he mycht nocht deliuer +tame fra inemyis on all partis assale+geing. Quhen amang +tame inclusit he mycht na langer sustene the force of +tat sare bargane, nocht without strang fechting he was ouresett and slane, and with him to +te nowmer of ij=m= Scottis. The remanent affrayit and skalit, be flicht salfit +tare livis. Tythingis of +tis infortunate batell movit +te king abone mesure contrare Insulanis, and schortlie chesing ane armye of xx=m= throw all +te realme, with lauborios~ # iornais he passit in Argathele to dant +tare rebellioun. Be vehement stormys of seyis Insulanis, impeschit of +tare passage, war contrynit tary his cuming. The king, providing the weill of his folkis, be licht iupertyis and wisdome mare than force did grete skaith to inemyis. Ffinalie be oportunite of tyme and place, knawing how Insulanis within ane forest war hid, he

parkit the samyn with fowsyis, and schortlie brocht +tame to sa scharp poynt +tat eftir victualis consumyt, be branschis and chattis of treis, herbis and rutis certane tyme +tai sustenit # +te miserabill life. At last ouresett be hunger, with difficulte # +tai impetrate at +te king he wald pleis~ gif eris to +te messagere, quham +tai war to direct; at quhais cuming the king grantit pece, be condicioun +tat +te chiftane and vtheris ij=c= quham # he wald cheis~, suld be deliuerit to punycioun as +te counsell # wald devise; the remanent denwde of wapynnys and armoure suld departe salflie to +te Ilis. To +te multitude afflictit be # extreme penurite, thir condiciouns war plesing, and haistelie ij=c= war deliuerit cheif of +te rebellioun with the principale chiftane, and at command of +te king and counsale war all put to dede. The Insulanis, hevily weyand sic crudelite, furiouslie (becaus +tai wantit wapynnys and armoure) warpit stanis as men in rage apoun +te oist, quhilk weill anarmyt eschewit +te stanys, and slew of Insulanis grete nowmer. The residew evading, fled to +te montanis. Ffra thyne the brule+geis of Insulanis pecifyit and Romanis with difficulte at fidelite conserving Britons, certane +geris Scotland was mare peciabill, without were amang +tame or be inemyis. During this tranquillite the king vesijt all +te regiouns in Scotland and constitute officiaris and iugis to gyde +te cuntre be equite and iustice. And +tat in his age he suld nocht grow dolf be idilnes he gaif his studye to hunting, as +te rite is of oure cuntre, and as in barneage he was exercit, diligentlie providing +tat na thing concernyng sic gammyn vsit be antecessouris suld be omittit. He decretit +tat be nettis, girnys or vthir sic thingis, nane # fra thyne furth suld tak ane hare nor +git with staff, schot of # arrow or vthir instrument, vnwerly sla hir in hir sete; and gif scho evadit the houndis throw spede or war wery forrvn, scho suld nocht be ceirsit ferder to be slane, sen +te hare is euer in # continuall raddoure, scho rynnys ithandlie and may sone be slane be sic wayis; alsua +tat na stalkaris suld sla ane hart be # schot nor hound ane baggit hynde, bot abstene fra +tare persute all +te wynter and grete parte of vere, sa lang as depe snaw coveris +te erde, quhen on force be penurite and hungir +tai mon draw fra forestis and montanis; and +tat +te hynde calf

and fowne suld euer be salf fra +te huntaris. Thir actis the king causit be obseruit, detesting na thing mare +tan be sic murthure to defraude him and men of gude of sic plesand solace. Quhen he vakit fra hunting he gafe him to vthir honest plesouris as +te tyme requirit, and luffit weill honest musicianis and plesing singaris, specially schawmaris and trumpettis. Bot finalie be tresoun of ane menstrale of +te Ilis, his secrete cubiculare, he was murdrist on +te nycht. The wachis, hering +te schout in +te kingis chawmer, comprehendit the tratoure, and accusing him of +te kingis slauchter, how beit he gaif to him credit of his liffe. Quharefore suppois~ he was comptit amang +te kingis traist familiaris afore, he # behuffit now like ane tresonabill inemye be pynyt with exquisite tormentis, in exempill till vtheris, how wikkit cryme is to pollute +tare handis in +te sacrate blude of +te king. To +tis ansuerit +te menstraill: "The king be extreme rigoure in Argathele distroyit grete parte of my freyndis, and now be vengeance +tareof I haue satifyit my furios~ mynde, as I # devisit mony dayis before. Be this folie interprise I haue now swageit +te vehement affectioun quhilk sa hevilie troublit my mynde. I am satifyit and in my mynde the vehement desire of vengeance is mytigate. I covate nocht to lif. Wirk on me +goure plesure with all crudelite and tormentis. My mynde is now als constant to sustene +te dede, as it was afore to murdris~ +goure king. I sall nocht be sa sare torment, bot in +te # extreme poynt of dede I sall reiose +tat I haue revengit the iniuris done be +tat wikkit king to my freyndis and kynnys~men." Quhen sic wourdis war said, at command of +te barouns his fete war knyt to sindry hors~ quhilk, drevin in contrare partis, # raif his body in pecis. Eftir Ethod tuke +te crowne he regnit xxxiij +geris. His corps with princelie pompe (as was +te # maner) was beryit in +te feild of Evon. His regnne durit to the tyme of Septimius Seuerus, Romane empriour. Mony nobill men, excellent in vertewe and cunnyng, war liffand quhen Ethod brukit +te crowne: Galen medicinare, decoring +te werkis of Hippocrace, of grete fame in his dayis bot mekill mare famous to +te posterite. In oure tyme diuers~ bukis of medicine ar sene be him intitulit. Apollyne +te famous oratoure, quhilk

becaus in commendacioun of +te name of Cryst he made ane, plesand harrang, was crownit be marthirdome, ffor sic thingis amang Gentilis was na les~ pane na dede. The bischop Dionise, of Corrinthie native, quhilk wrate mony thingis to +te vse of oure faith, with diuers~ v+tir nobill men. The Catholic faith and name of Criste was mekill augmentit and spred, +te samyn tyme Cristianis in all partis having rest and pece. In sindri regiouns and provincis mony detesting +te errour of Gentilis, war to +te trew faith convertit. This tyme Eleuther, +te xiiij fra Sanct Petir, occupijt the sege of Rome. With him +te king of Britouns, Lucius, was contemporane (as before is said), quhilk, certifijt be Romanis in ordinance with Trebellius and Partinax legatis, of +te mirakillis and godlynes of Cristianis, optenit be writingis fra +te Pape +tat with his folkis he mycht be ascrivit to +tare nowmer. The Pape directit in Scotland twa haly men, Ffugace and Damyane, quhilk baptist +te king his houshald and +te maist parte of his realme. Sua eftir ydolatry and sacrifice to devillis war removit, the faith of Criste was inducit amang Britouns in +te +gere of oure # Redempcioun, as +te cronikillis rememberis, j=c=lxxxvij. [^CORRESPONDENCE OF SIR PATRICK WAUS OF BARNBARROCH, KNIGHT, 1540-1597. ED. ROBERT VANS AGNEW. EDINBURGH: DAVID DOUGLAS, 1882. PP. 2.8-6.19.^]

[} [\LETTER FROM PATRICK WAUS FROM SCHOOL TO HIS MOTHER, 3D JANUARY.\] }] [\HOLOGRAPH.\] Most louing mother, efter my hairtlie commendaciounis, ye sall vit that I am in good helth, praissit be god, vissing this sam to yow, and all youris. Ye sall vit that I am verie skant # of linine cloth of sarkis and aurlairis [\Neckcloths.\] I haiue # vrytin verie oft to yow about them, and ye haiue never send me ane anser. I pray yow vat [\That.\] ye vaild send me sum mo schankis, for them # that I haiue vill be schone doine. I mervell that ye send vs not out the ssingill suollit # schone, quhilk ye promissit to send them out till vs. nocht ellis, bot commitis you to god. and my most hairtlie commendaciounis to your self, and to my sisteris the thrid day of Januar.- # Your louing sonne, patrick Vaus. To my louing mother this Be derecit. [} [\LETTER BY PATRICK WAUS WRITTEN FROM SCHOOL.\] }] [\HOLOGRAPH.\] The count of the silver quhilk I haiue receauit from Jhamis Challmiris. Item mair reseuit from Jhamis challmiris xxiiij=s= for till # bay ane ovid. Item mair iiij pundis for till giue for iiij pair of schoune, quhilk I gait or ever Vattie Scot furnishit me at your avine command. Item mair receiuet xxx=s= for till bay ane boue.

the quhilk boue the tuteris sune brack hir bifoir yor mother or ever I cam out of the toune, and Jhamis challmiris gaiue for ane vther xxx=s=, and for vi arouis everie arow iiij=s=. Item # mair receiuit xxxx=s= for till bay ane hait and ane string. Item # mair iij pundis for till bay thrie pair of bleue hois, quhilk I haid nene quhill I gait them. Item receuit from Jhamis challmiris viii pundis for till giue for the buckis, quhilk I and robert # gait quhen ve var in edembruch; the quhilk buckis mundork [\The # laird of Mundork\] was chasoune [\Caution (i.e. security)\] for them. Item mair # receuit from Jhamis challmiris xxiiij=s= for till giue him that liris me musik. Item mar # receaiuid xxxii=s= for ane neu testament and ane sam buck. Item mair receuit xxviii=s= for ane silva. Item mair receuid # xviii=s= for the commenteris of ceser. Item mair for ane salust xii=s=. Item mair for ane half dusane of arouis to me and sandiris xx=s=. The soum xxix pundis. Louing father, efter my heairtlie commendaciounis Ye sall # vit that I am in gud helth, praissit be god, vissing this sam to # yow and all youris. Ye sall vit that I haue receuit your letter, # and I am verie sorifull that ye haiue bine haldin in sick a stet, # and ye sall vit that I haiue receuit xxx=s= from the birer. father, I requist yow for crystis schaik till haiue pitie vpon your pour brother villam, quhilk is now beth modderles and fatherles, # and giue ye tack a chair [\Care\] of him, and bring him vill up, # he vill be a scoller; and is [\As\] till his cloths, he hes verie girt # mister beath of sarkis and vther cloths, vith sum aurlairis [\Ourlay, a # cravat\] and nepkinis, and ye man send him silver for till bay buckis. And as for the gud man, the tuter is in auchten him mair nor ain hunder pundis, quhilk he promist till haiue send him in ane hundrith markis a foir pais, [\Easter\] . quhilk now he vill be in auchten him # ane hunder pundis, quhilk now he luckit for at vitsunday, quhilk hes doune the gudman angir, and now the gudman requistit me to gar yow send it out vith our hunder pundis, quhilk they ar beth aughtand; and the gudman luckit for mair nor this, bot he

prayis yow send out his tua hunder pundis, for hest girt # mister of it, for all thingis is verie dire. ye sall vit ve get # yeirlie for villie sum vovy, [\Meaning not known\] , quhilk he luckis that # ye vill send out with the silver. And he prayis yow send out the silver vithin aucht or ten dayis, and resarvis all the leiue till your mittine and # his. Ye sall vit I am verie scant of arouis, and ye man send me sum silver for till bay them. I pray yow remember vpon the gudmanis turnis, and I pray yow send the maister his quairter pement, and the docteris, and him that liris me to sing musick. Nocht ellis, bot commitis yow to god. from Mussilbruch the xvi day of June. -Your soune, patrick vaus. Dorso: To my louuid father the laird of barnbarroch this be dereckit. [} [\LETTER BY PATRICK WAUS FROM SCHOOL AT MUSSELBURGH TO HIS FATHER, 7TH DECEMBER.\] }] [\HOLOGRAPH.\] Richt loving father, Ye sall vmderstand that I have recevid your letteris this vii vodnisday, being the vii day of # December,

diret vpon the xxix day of november, quhairin ye virt to me inquyring quhat garis that the guid man virt not to yow the conditiouns of my burding. Ye sall knowe that virt to yow vith your avin man tamsonne that he vald vryt na anser, for he said that he kenis ne conditioune bot as vtheris ar. thair is thrie lib auing the gud man for schoune and bukis now; lykvys they say they vill not send nae conditioune quhill they meitt with your self. the mester and the doctoris is satisfied for # the half yeir that is bypast, for ye geaiue James foster sax pundis to giue the maister, and xxiiij=s= to giue the docter, quhilk # vas satisfactioune for the speis of the half yeir bypest. Do as ye think mit for the tyme cumming; quhether ye think mites to send it out vith the first at cummis, or satisfiye the maister # at your out cumming. my half yeir is rune out in this hous that I am in. Do as your wisdome thinkis gud. Caus my mother send me sum linning auirleris, and sum nepkingis. nocht ellis, bot committis yow to god - from mussilbruch the vij day of december.- J Youris louing sune, patrik vaus. [} [\LETTER FROM PATRICK WAUS TO HIS FATHER, WRITTEN FROM SCHOOL AT MUSSELBURGH, 5TH FEBRUARY.\] }] [\HOLOGRAPH.\] Most louing father, my deutie allvayis being rememberit, with my mest hertlie commendatiounis to yourself, my mother,

and sisteris, the lord giue vs ane ioyfull mitting, Ye sall vit the gud man hes resevid the forti punds, qhair vith he is # content, bot yit thair laikis bot the [\A word seems to be missing.\] of # oue [\Wool.\] for the buntha [\Bunta, so for bounteth.\] , # quhilk ye man not forget to be vnpeyit; it is all ane quhether ye sen siluer for it, or the oue. I haue givine the maister sax # pundis, with four pundis to my self, bot they vantis to the docter # xxiiij=s= for the rest of the half yeir that is to cum; With four pundis # to giue James foster, quhilk ye promist him, vith sum silver to by bouis and arous; With thri pundis to the gud man, that is aving him, quhilk I boruit to by schoune and vther thingis; # also four pundis quhilk aboruit send syne, quhair with I bocht # schune send syne, nocht ellis, bot I am haill and fre; committing yow to god. - Youris sonne, patrik vaus. Muscilbruche the fift day of feburvart. (\Post scriptum\) . - forget nocht the servandis quhen ye # send out the rest of the thingis aboue vrytine. This be delayverid to my louing father the laird of # barnbarroche. [^FRASER, SIR WILLIAM. THE DOUGLAS BOOK. 4 VOLS. CORRESPONDENCE (VOL. IV) EDITED BY THE AUTHOR. EDINBURGH 1885. (SAMPLES 1-2). THE SCOTTISH CORRESPONDENCE OF MARY OF LORRAINE, 1542-1560. ED. ANNIE I. CAMERON. SCOTTISH HISTORY SOCIETY, THIRD SERIES, 10. EDINBURGH 1927. (SAMPLES 3-9). SAMPLE 1: PP. 67.24-68.8 (ARCHIBALD, EARL OF ANGUS) PP. 75.28-76.36 PP. 77.27-79.8 SAMPLE 2: PP. 68.9-72.32 (GAVIN DOUGLAS) PP. 75.1-75.27 SAMPLE 3A: PP. 114-117 (PATRICK BOTHWELL) PP. 189-190 PP. 191-191 PP. 204-206 PP. 207-207 PP. 271-272 PP. 284-284 PP. 303-303 PP. 319-320 PP. 362-363 PP. 368-369 PP. 440-440 SAMPLE 3B: PP. 272-272 (PATRICK BOTHWELL) SAMPLE 4A: PP. 84-85 (GEORGE DOUGLAS) PP. 88-89 PP. 94-95 PP. 104-105 PP. 108-113 PP. 338-339 SAMPLE 4B: PP. 21-22 (GEORGE DOUGLAS) SAMPLE 4C: PP. 89-92 (GEORGE DOUGLAS) SAMPLE 5A: PP. 95-97 (ALEXANDER GORDON) PP. 102-104 PP. 224-225 PP. 227-231 PP. 239-240 PP. 269-269 PP. 286-291 PP. 311-315 PP. 317-317 PP. 385-386 SAMPLE 5B: PP. 213-214 (ALEXANDER GORDON) PP. 315-316 SAMPLE 6A: PP. 6-6 (ROBERT MAXWELL) PP. 50-52 PP. 53-53 PP. 73-74 PP. 344-345 PP. 349-351 SAMPLE 6B: PP. 133-134 (ROBERT MAXWELL) SAMPLE 7: PP. 119-120 (HENRY METHVEN) PP. 132-133 PP. 134-136 PP. 138-139 PP. 208-211 PP. 234-235 PP. 237-239 PP. 240-243 PP. 244-245 PP. 248-251 PP. 274-274 PP. 317-318 PP. 437-438 SAMPLE 8A: PP. 35-36 (ADAM OTTERBURN) PP. 47-48 PP. 57-58 PP. 59-59 PP. 75-76 PP. 92-94 PP. 169-169 PP. 170-177 PP. 179-182 PP. 183-189 SAMPLE 8B: PP. 53-55 (ADAM OTTERBURN) PP. 190-190 PP. 192-194 SAMPLE 8C: PP. 161-162 SAMPLE 9: PP. 20-21 (WOMEN) PP. 46-47 PP. 130-131 PP. 148-150 PP. 157-158 PP. 280-281 PP. 291-292 PP. 295-297 PP. 341-342 PP. 369-370 PP. 393-395 PP. 437-437 PP. 438-439^]

[} [\57.\] }] [} [\ARCHIBALD, SIXTH EARL OF ANGUS, TO KING HENRY THE EIGHTH, EDINBURGH, 29TH OCTOBER (CIRCA 1515).\] }] SCHIR, Pleissit zoure guyd grace to wit, that I haue comonit # with zour seruitour, Edward Cuyk, and vndirstand his credence at lenth; and in guyd # faith my mynd was set to the fulfilling of the samen or euyr I knew zour # mynd, lyk as I was greitly indettit therto, and now aldyrmaist be caus that I # se zour guyd grace traistyd me. And, schir, I promyt fathfully to fulfill # the samyn, and haue send my traist seruitour, Dauyd Menzeys, with my haill mynd, # instrukit lyck as zour seruitour Edward Cuyk and the said Dauid knawis. And to # the fulfilling

of the said credence, zour guyd grace fulfilling the samyn to # me that the said Edwart haue promyttit one zour behalfe, I oblis me, be this my # vriting, to keip and fulfill, vndir the seill of my armys, subscrivit with my # hand; and forther, at zour guyd grace will geve credence to the berer. Schir, # pleisit zour guyd grace to pass to London, or quhare ze pleis, and tak na thocht # of thys mater, for it sall be endit at zour dissyir. Vrittin at Edinburgh, the # xxix day of October. Zoure Erl of Angus.

[} [\64.\] }] [} [\ARCHIBALD, SIXTH EARL OF ANGUS, TO KING HENRY EIGHTH, DALKEITH 19TH OCTOBER (1519).\] }] MAIST excellennt, maist hie, and maist michty Prince, in the # maist humyll and lawlye manere, I recommend my service unto zoure maist redowtit # gude grace, quhom plesit knaw laitlye is cumin in this realme ane venerable # religious fader, freir Henry Chardworth, minister generall of the freris minoris # callit observante,

within zoure realme of Ingland, directe fra zoure hyenes towart # the Qwenis grace, zour deirest sister, my souerane lady, quhilk has sa wele and # wiselye convoyit and performyt the mater quhairfor he was sent, that hir hyenes # is full hartlye applesit to resort and remane with me, hir husband and # servitour, according and conforme to all ressoun and lawis, baith of God and haly kirk. # Maist excellennt and redoutit prince, it lyis not in my little possibilite to # rendir thankis unto zoure maist nobill hyenes, that has intendit and procurit sa # excedand wiselye this my pure causs, quhilk elikewiss is Goddis causs, and alsua # the honour and weillfare of youre deirest sister, the Qwenys grace forsaid, # and with that richt weiray acceptable till every wele myndit personage of gude zele # within this realme. Quhairfor, besyde the rewarde of God, quhilk I doute # nocht bot zoure grace sall ressaif for sa meritable labour, I sall endevour and # abandoune perpetually my pure service in every behalf and sort to me # possible, unto zoure maist nobill excellence, abuse all uther prince or creature # levand, myne allegeance to oure souerane lord, zoure deirest nevo, alanerlye exceppit; # and salbe all tymes reddy eftir my pure power, allthocht it war sua that zoure # hienes commandit me furthwith to pas one fute to Jerusalem, and fecht with the # Turkis to the dede for zoure causs. And I beseke the eternall God to graunt me that # grace that I may doo sum poynt that may be plesand or acceptable unto zoure # hyenes or I pas of this warld. Alsua, maist excellent, maist hye, and maist mychty # prince, plesit zoure grace understand that my brothir germane, George Douglas, # has bene twa zheris bypast and mair in France, at the commande of our # governour Duke of Albany, to his hevy cost, and to na plessur nothir to him nor # his frendis, and is haldin thare but ony causs or offence, as is notourlye knawin # to all this realme. Besekand thairfor zoure maist noble excellence, that it wald # pleiss the samyn to send zoure gracious letters alswele to the king thare in # France as to our said governour, to the effecte that my said brothir may be # deliverit and send hayme in this realme, and quhat service or uther thing that I # or ony me belangis, eftir oure pure poweris may doo, acceptable to zoure hyenes, we # ar and sall remane all tymes under the obeysance of zoure grace, as said # is; and thus, maist excellent, maist hye, and maist mychty prince, the Eternall and # Allmychty God preserve zoure maist noble Maieste in lang prosperite and ... # At Dalketh, the xix day of October, subscrivit with the hand of Your humble servytour, Erl of Angus. To the maist excellennt, maist hye, and maist mychty Prince, # the King of Inglandes maist ryal gude grace.

[} [\66.\] }] [} [\ARCHIBALD, SIXTH EARL OF ANGUS, TO CARDINAL WOLSEY, KIRK OF STYLE, 13TH DECEMBER (1521).\] }] MY LORD, in my maist humyll maner, I recommend my lauchful # service to zoure grace, quhom plesit understand I and utheris has presentlye # directe this berar.

my deirest uncle, my Lord Bischop of Dunkelde, towart the # Kingis grace zoure soueraine, apponne certane necessare instructiounes, the # quhilkis I traist salbe acceptable baithe unto his hienes and zoure grace. Quhairfor, at the # uttermaist of my powere, I beseyk zoure grace at my said uncle be thankfullie # ressavit, and to have gude and haisty expedicioune of his materis and # directiounes; and at zoure grace plesit schew zou his gude lorde and ouris in that behalf, # and to geif to him na less credence in every thyng than to myself presentlie in # persoune, for it is na lytill besynes causis him mak sik travale now at sik poynt of # necessite, quhen I and all his frendis in thir partis mycht sa evill waunt his # help and gude counsale. Nevertheless, baith we and he, fullie assurit in zoure gudenes # and hys wisdome, beleving fermlye that his passage towart the Kingis hyenes and # zoure grace mycht avale gretumlye nocht alanerly to himself and us, bot alsua to # the weilfare of this realme and surtye of the Kingis persoune my souerane, deirest # nevo to the Kingis hienes zoure maister, has presentlye directit him fullye # instructit in that behalf unto his Maiesty, as said is. Beseking zoure grace to tak gude # hede to the mater, and quhat stede, plessour, or lauchfull service I may doo, or # procure to be done to zoure plessour in thir partis, I salbe glayd to fulfyll the # samyn at the commande of zoure grace, as knawis oure Lord God, quha have zoure grace # in his blissit keping eternalye. At Kyrk of Steyll, the xiij day of December. # Subscrivit withe my hand. Zouris withe his lauchfull service, Archbald Erl of Anguss To my Lord Cardinallis grace of Inglaund. [} [\67.\] }] [} [\ARCHIBALD, SIXTH EARL OF ANGUS, AND LORDS HOME AND SOMERVILLE, TO KING HENRY EIGHTH, KIRK OF STYLE, 14TH DECEMBER 1521.\] }] PLESIT zoure grace, wee haif, be the avise and counsale als # wele of oure self as of my Lord Dunkelde, has send unto zoure grace oure said Lord of # Dunkelde, to sollist certane materis for the well and suretye of the King # oure souerane Lord, be way of commissioune and instructioune. To quhom it will # pleiss zoure grace to geif ferme credence als wele for us as we war present. # Beseking zoure grace that wee may be adverteist of zoure plessour, in als convenient # haist as may stand

withe zoure gracious plessour; in quhome, be oure apiniounes, # standis the surety of oure souerane Lorde zoure nevo. And the blessit Trinitee # preserve zoure maiestee. At the Kyrk of Steyll, the xiiij day of December. # Zouris withe oure humyll and lauthfull service, Archibald, Erl of Angus. George, Lord Hom. Jon. Somerwell. To the richt hyee and richt excellennt Prince the Kingis grace # of Inglaund.

[} [\58.\] }] [} [\GAVIN DOUGLAS, POSTULATE OF ARBROATH, TO ADAM WILLIAMSON, PERTH, 18TH JANUARY (1515).\] }] BROTHERE Master Adame, I commend me to zou in my harty wyss. # And ze sall knaw that sene my last wrytyng of Perth, the last day of # Decembere, quhilk I trast ze haf ... and hard forthare all thingys be Ser James. # The Byschep of Dunkeldone is decessyt this Mouneday the xv day of January. # And becaus zonn evyll mundyt Byschep of Morray trublys all our promociones, and # hes sped Sanct Andros to hymmself, wyth Dumfermlyng, Arbrocht, Legacy and # other facultyes quhilkis ar nedfull and all ways man be retretyt, zit nocht the # less sene syk debatis and controversyes ar costly and doutuus, in all # aventour the Quenys grace, myself and frendis thynkis nedfull I be promovyt to that seyt # quhilk now is vacand, and but pley, and ane rycht gud byschepry of # [\? rent\] , and the thryd seyt of the realme. And to that effect hes the Quenys grace wrytyne # for me to the Papis halynes, and cardynalis, quhareof ze sall wyth this # ressave the copy, to solyst syk lyke wrytyngis fra the Kyngis grace hyr brother. And be # nocht hyr lettyris obeyt in the curt of Roume, ze solyst evyll zour memoryall, # less than the Kyng wyll do nocht for his systyre as I knaw the contrary, bayth in # deyd and wryte, I dout nocht bot ze wyll solyst my materis alss trewly as zour # awyne, thocht the Quenys grace had nocht wrytyne for me. And as I wrate to zou # laytly, the promotione of her servandis and frendis is hyr weylfare and # autorisyng, and hyndyryng of hyr adversaryes; I pray zou at a word sped thir # lettyris to Flandris as thai ar dyrectyt and sped wyth thaim the Kyngis wrytingis. # And gyf ze kouth do so mekyll as causs the Kyng mak a post therfore, I war # bedyttyt to his grace and zou for ever. A wyse frend is soyne chargeyt. Item, ze sall knaw that me Lord Erll of Huntlye was heyr at # the Quenys grace, and wyll go hyr way, and bryng mony of the other Lordis to hyr # opynione;

and wyth hys avyss scho hes mayd proclame a parlyament in this # toune, to be haldyne and begyne in this toune the xij day of March, # quhare we trast tyl haf all thyngis redressyt. I wald nocht ze leyt the Byschep of # Morray nor zonn Duk steyll hyddyr by zou, as now latly his clerk, Master Johne # Sauquhy, hes doyne, and landyt at Leyth furth of a Franch shyp, and brocht with # hymm the bullys of Sanctandros, and publyst the sammyne one his maner in Edynburgh # this last Twysday, the xvj day of Januare, bot I beleve he sall nocht haf # possessyone this zeyre. Nedfull it is, and that is a speciall punct of zour # memoryall, to caus the Kyng wryte ta the Kyng of Frans heyre apone, to the effect that # by hys ways the Kyng our soverane lord be nocht hurt in his prevylegis and # faculteys, for that war to byreif hymm hys croune, nor that his gud systyr the Quenys # grace ocht therby mynyst in hyr autorite, bot raythare mantenyt and defendyt by # hymm in the sammyne. And ocht hes beyne doyne by hys wrytyngis in the # contrary othyr in favoris of zonn Byschep of Morray or ony otheris, that the # sammyne, be hys ways and solistatones, be reversyt agane, that therby na # prejudyce may happyn to the Kyng nor this hys realme, now in tyme present, nor zit # in tyme cummyng, by evyll example, so that syk doyng nor attemptatis be na # preparatyve to otheris in tyme to cum. And kouth the Kyng solyst hys brothyre of Frans # to haf that byschep rendyrryt to hymm othyr be pollycy or other ways, that # he mycht thereftyr be demanyt as efferis, all thir thre realmmys I trast war # brocht to grete rest, ffor he is and hes beyne the instrument of mekyll harme, and I # dreyd sall zit be of mayre and he be nocht snybbyt. Tent to hymm and zonn Duyk gif # the Kyng thare luffis the weylfare of hys systyr and mast tendyr nevois, # and alss the quyet of hys awyne realme. Hast ansuere agayne and be solyst as ze # haf beyne in tymme bypassyt. And God keyp zou. Of Perth, the xviij day of # January, wyth the hand of Zour frend, Gawyne Douglas. The Queyne thynkis ze haf beyne over slowthfull, that sa # lang tyme ze beand in Ingland, ther hes beyne nocht doyne noyther in Roume nor the # curt of Frans aganis zonn wykkit Byschep of Morray, and byddis zou mend that # falt. Item, at ze solyst the Kyng hyr brother, that na lettres pass throw # hys realme to ne fra, that belangis ony Scottis man, less than he haf hyr speciall # wrytyngis and request therfore, for syk lettres hes ellis doyne gret harme, and was # the fyrst caus of all the truble anent the promotiones, and is daly a preparatyve to # solyst zonn Duyk of Albany to cum hyddyr. Remembyr my salve conduct and sped the # sammyne to me as I wrayt to zow latly. And gif any of my wrytyngis or # pertenyng the

Queyne cum furth of Flandres or Roume to zour handis, na fors # that the Kyng se or knaw the contentis therof, that thai maybe the bettyr and # mare hastyly sped to hyr grace or me, for I wayt hys henes wyll stop nane of hyr # lettres nor myne, quhilk salbe cum to his ples ... honour and avayle. [} [\59.\] }] [} [\THE SAME TO THE SAME, PERTH, 21ST JANUARY (1515).\] }] [^GAVIN DOUGLAS TO ADAM WILLIAMSON^] BROTHYR Master Adame, I commend me hartly to zou, and hes # ressavyt zour layt wrytyng and credens fra zour companzeone Ser James; and be ze # suyre the Queyne and we all wald be glad to follow the Kyngis mind thare, # and thankis hys henes alss lawly as we may of the grete enteyre luf and # kyndness profyrryt and schawyne to us; for the quhylkis we beyne addettyt to be hys # trew servandis before all otheris our alleyegans to our soverane lord hys nevo # only exceppyt. Ze may weyll considdyr it is nocht to us possybyll that ze devys, # for albeyt my lord and I, with other frendis, mycht cum to tha partis quhere we # plesyt, it suld nocht be possybyll to cary the Kyng nor hys brother thyddyr, thocht # peraventour, and that full hard wyth gret defyculte and nocht honestly, we mycht # bring the Queyne thyddyr in habyt onknawyne and dysagysyt, bot nayne other ways; # and therfore ther mane be thocht sum other remed, for my wyt kann nocht # attayne quhow that may be at this tyme; and alss we be in na syk danger at we # neyd leyf the cuntre, I wrate to zou layt that the Kyngis wrytingis wald # stanch all this debayt, for I trast thai suld be alss weyll obeyt heyre as in # Lundone, wyth the mast partis of the Lordis. Lat nocht the Kyng therfoare feyre # that and he wald cum wyth hys army or send hys pyssans in this realme, and # declare to the pepyll his actyone war to haf justyce, and gud reull, and to # caus the Kyng hys nevo, and Queyne hys syster, be obeyt as thai aucht, bot # cummand one this wyss, and notyfyand the sammyne to our commonys be # proclamatone, bot he suld fynd mony to tak hys part; for I assure zou the pepyll of this # realme ar sa oppressyt for lak of justyce, by thevys, rubry, and other # extortiones, that thai wald be glayd to leyf ondyr the gret Turk to haf justyce. Ze # wryte that the Kyngis grace thare hes wrytyne twyss to Royme agains Glasgow, # bot I had lever he had wrytyne agains the Byschep of Morray, and zit nyedlyngis # he mane wryte aganst hym tyll all hys promotione reversyt, lyk as at mayre # lenth the Quenys grace hes wrytyne to the Kyng hyr brother therapone. Master # Adame brother, f ... nocht to solyst and convoy weyll my promotione to # Dunkeldene, as ze luf

me, for I haf gevyne the monye quhare ze bad me, lat se quhom # ze kann ... convoy syk a matere fore zour frend, and I sall do mekyll, bot # I sall spek wyth zou in Lundone of Pasch, for I haf mony devyses that I wald # fayne encloss to the Kyng thare, quhylkis I wyll nocht wryte; and gyf it be # possybyll that ther may be fund ony tymme to performe the Kyngis plessour and desyre, # as ze haf wrytyne with Ser James, I sal do my devour and full best to convoy # that mater at all punctis, bot I kann nocht hastely beleyf as zit quhow it may be # less than the Kyng wald cum hymm self in this realme, and # th... mycht he do quhat hymm lykyt, for he wald fynd lytyll or na resystans, and be ze souer # the grettest of our adversareys crynys hymm gretly at this hour, one syk wyss # that thai wald geif mekyll of ther valzeand to haf his favouris. Gyf the Kyng # of Frans be ded it is rycht evyll for bayth thir realmmys. Bot heyre is # arryvyt a Franch schip, the xv day of this moneth instant, quhilk proportis na # thyng therof, and therfore I wondyr quha suld haf schawyne my lords of consell # ther syk tythyngis. Gyf we had money I trast we suld debayt weyll eneuch our # adversaris in thiz partis quhyll the sommyr sessione, quher the Kyng mycht moyf # quhat army hym lykyt, and than I trast alsso we salbe mare pyssant than we ar # now. I amm surely informyt furth of Frans the Duyk dysponys hymm nocht # hydder quhyll this nyxt moyne, less than this decess of the Kyng of Frans # causs hym ... eyne the tymme, and zit I trast the Kyng thare, and hys wyss consell # hes provydyt mayr warly in all aventoris, so that the Dalphyne is alss weyll # bund to observe the pace in all punctis therof as was the the Kyng. And I trast he # dar nocht brek the trewys nor pace astablysyt, to send the ilk Duyk agayne hys # oblysyng, and gyf he wald lat ilk frend mak pace wyth other, quhyll we be all # revengyt one Frans, for God knawys quhat thai haf doyne to us. I haf gud hope and # is in convoyng a mater of dyscord amang our party adversary, one syk wyss that # I trast ze sall heyre quhow this promotone now imprecat be zonn dyssatfull # Byschep of Morray sall turne to our weyll, and causs bayth hymm and zonn Duyk # cum in evyll consayt over all this realme, quhylk man nedways redund to our # profyte and sall purches us ma frendis; and I dred nocht bot quha sa ever by # Kyng in Frans, he salbe mayr glad to haf pace and amite wyth the Kyng of Ingland # than hys grace salbe to except the sammyne. I pray zou schaw this wrytyng to # my Lord Dacre, and the contentis therof to the Kyngis grace. God keyp zou. # Wyth my hand, in hast, at Perth, thyr xxj day of Januar. (\Tuus totus,\) Gawinus Douglas.

[} [\60.\] }] [} [\THE SAME TO THOMAS, LORD DACRE, PERTH, 21ST JANUARY (1515).\] }] [^GAVIN DOUGLAS^] MY LORD, I commend me to zour lordschip, in my mast hartly # wyss, and as towart the Kyngis desyre and instructiones send to the Quenys grace # wyth Ser James Inglys, hire henes hes wrytyne heyre wyth ansuere to the Kyng hyr # brother and to zour lordschip. And in sum part, as I kouth thynk eftyr my lytill # wyt, I haf wrytyne tyll Master Adame, to be schawyne to zour lordschip, and to the # Kyngis grace thare, quhow soyne he sall cum to his presens; and be ze suyre # the Quenys grace, my Lord, and we all wald be alss glad to fulfyll the # Kyngis desyre, gif it war to us possibyll, as wyth hard of mynd may be devysit, and # kann nocht sa mekyll as we beyne addettyt for our part rendyr thankis to his # heynes therof, and nocht the les of a thyng he salbe suyre that our servys # salbe hys before all uther mann levyng, our alleygens to our soverane Lord hys nevo # alanerly exceppit. My Lord, ze sall knaw ther is ane byschep latly deid in this # land, callyt the Byschep of Dunkell, and for alsmekyll as thir other benefycis # be now in pley and debayt be this Byschep of Morray, therfore the Quenys grace, my # soverane lady, hes wrytyne hyre especiall writyngis to the Papis halynes for # my promotone therto, and forthare, hes by thire hyre wrytyngis solyst the # Kingis grace, hyre brother, to wryte and lawbour effectuusly to the sammyne # effect. Quharefore I beseyk zour lordschip that the sayd lettrez mycht be convoyt # with deligence, and gyf zour gud assistans and commendatone to the Kyng for me, # sene our houssys ar of the auld allyat, and mekyll tendyr aquentans and kyndnes # hes beyne betwyx thaim of lang tyme, as approvyt weyll be my grandsyr at the # sege of Nawart, and I beleyf that aye mayre and mayre tendyrnes and amyte sall daly # incres amongis thaim. Gud it war ze suffyrryt na other lettrez to haf passage # throw the realme but syk as salbe send fra the Queyne the caus quhy I haf # wrytyne to Master Adame, and gyf ther be ony sted servys, or plessour I # may do to zour lordschip, I salbe at command, as knawys God, quha haf zour # lordschip in hys blysyt kepyng. At Perth, the xxj day of Januare, wyth hand of Zour cousyng, and at all his power zouris, Gawyne, Postulat of Arbroth. To my Lord Dacre's gud lordschip.

[} [\63.\] }] [} [\GAVIN DOUGLAS, BISHOP OF DUNKELD, AND TWO OTHERS, AMBASSADORS FROM SCOTLAND IN FRANCE, TO CARDINAL WOLSEY, ABBEVILLE, 27TH JUNE (1518).\] }] MAIST reverend in God, efter dew salutacion. We suppois that it # is knawin to zour lordschip how, be command of oure soverane lord and master # the King of Scottis, we ar directit, nocht anerly for peax and amite betuix # the realmis of France, Ingland, and Scotland, bot als for universale concorde # in the kirk of God, with sufficient auctorite and speciall commande gevin to us, to # transport us quhare it sall be expedient for the premisses; and thereapon we in # thir partis have spokin with the King of France, and now we understand that the Duc of # Albany, Governour of Scotland and tutour to oure soverane lord, is discendit in # Bertaigne, quhais secretare, Gualtere Malynny, as we belevit, suld have cummyn # throw Ingland, and brocht to us ane sauf-conduct. We therfor thocht necessare to # advertiss zoure lordschip this tyme, to effect that we micht have the said # sauf-conduct according to oure supplicacion for the samyn, quhilk we send to zoure # lordschip hamely, becaus we knaw weill zour lordschip may greitly further, and is # of gude mynde towart peax amangis Cristin princis for rest and unite of # Cristianite; and this we pray zour lordschip at this tyme, as we beleif zour # lordschip will, for the grete confidens we knaw the said lod Governour has in zoure # lordschip. Maist reverend fader in God, the Haly Gaist have zou in his keping. # At Abbayweill, the xxvij day of Junii. Be zoure gude and laulye frendis, Ambassadouris of Scotlaund, Gawyne, Bischep of Dunkeld. Robertus E. Ross. Patricius, Regius Secretarius. To the maist reverend in God, Archbischop and Cardinale of # Zork, Chancellare of Ingland, Legate of the Sege apostolicque.

[} [\LXXXIX\] }] [} [\BOTHWELL TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Crichton, 4th November (1544).\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Plesit unto your hienes, I have at lencht commonit with the potingar, your grace servitour, tweching sundry

thingis quhilkis he hed in directioun from your hienes, and now the passage is sa full perrellis that I durst nocht send writingis to accompleis your grace gud mynd in suche affearis as I have doun and yett laborand at my powir to putt fordwart your hienes besines: and sua I have schawin to the berar my mynd in your grace commandmentis quhilkis I sall fulfyll at my hichtast power, and in all thingis it will pleis your hienes to gyf credens unto him as to my self. Almychty God have your hienes in evirlesting keping. At Crechtoun, the iiij day of November be Your hienes humill and subjet servitour ERLE BOTHUIL. [\Endorsed:\] (\Le conte du Baudouel.\) [} [\XC\] }] [} [\BOTHWELL TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Crichton (c. November 1544?).\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Plesit unto your grace, I have witht gret labouris brocht my lord Borthuik unto your grace service, your hienes doand to him as I have apponcted, of quhilk this berar will gyff your grace informatioun. My lord Borthuik wilbe no ways content without sickirnes be your grace hand writ and seill, and me and my landis oblist for the samen; sua it will pleis your hienes to send ane commissioun to me wnder your hand writ and seill to end with him in this behalf and to tak him oblist to your grace service only for all the days of his liff. This beyng doun, it wilbe occasioun to the residew of the gentill men of cuntra to cum haill youris for suche gratitudis as your henes plesis to do to tham. The berar can schaw how

defissill it wes to me to bring him to this purpois becaus of the grett proffittis promissit to him be the governour and cardinall quhilk I have stoppit as yit and sall do, your grace haistand the commissioun as said is to me. Madam, I am dayly cummerit with the offeris from the governour of gret profitt bot always I sall serve your hienes conforme to my power and honour at your grace plesour in thir premis; and uther besines I have schawin my mynd unto this berar quhom to it will ples your grace gyff credens and to haist this berar with your grace mynd, quhen I sall addres me towart your hienes. Almychty God have your grace in keiping. At Crechtoun, be Your grace hwmill and subjett servitour P. ERLE BOTHUILE. [} [\XCI\] }] [} [\BOTHWELL TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Crichton, 7th November (1544).\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Plesit unto [{your{] grace, this vij day of November I resavit your grace writingis wytht ane commissioun selit and subscrivit. Madame, I sall fulfill your hienes commandmentis at my power; and with suche diligens as I ma mak salbe in Striveling at your grace but ony inpediment that ma happin, I beyng levand: howbeit that Ingland with the assistans of my unfrendis in Taviotdaill hes brynt heryt and distroyt my haill landis in Taviotdaill, and now on Woddinnisday hes tane my place of Ancrome and purpossis this nixt Sonday to sege my

hows of Langnewtoun; and to the samyn effect Sir Rawff Everis remanis now presently in Jedburgh weill tretit with the lardis of Farnyhirst and Sesfurd and utheris cuntre men. I am this day advertist surly that the governour and his frendis purposs to ly for me in the passage, bot nother he nor the tribull I have in Taviotdaill sall be ony stoip to me: besekand your grace hwmilly that ye stop na thing in your grace purpos bot put it fordwart, nocht dowting bot all salbe as at your henes plesour. In suche uther thingis as occurris I have schawin my mynd unto this berar quhom to it will ples your grace gyf credens. Almychty God have your hienes in sur keping. At Crechton, the vij day of November be Your grace hwmill and subjett servitour P. ERLE BOTHUILE. [\Endorsed:\] (\Du Conte de Baudouel.\)

[} [\CXXXVIII\] }] [} [\BOTHWELL TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Blackness, Wednesday, 13th July (1547).\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Eftir maist humyll recommendatioun of service, plesit I haif send my servitoure Oliver Sinclare to youre grace

with my mynd at lenth tuicheing all besyness concernyng me at this tyme; quhom to ye pleis gif credence. And almychti God preserve youre grace eternalie. Of the Blakness this Wednisday the xiij of Julij be your graces humill subjett servitour at power AMIRALL. [\Endorsed:\] (\M. de Baudeuel.\)

[} [\CXL\] }] [} [\BOTHWELL TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Blackness, 25th July (1547).\] TO THE QUENIS GRAICE. Madame, it will ples your graice that I haiff causit meyn me divers tymis to your graice and my lord governour that I am in ward at his plesour for na falt making aganis the quenis graice our soverane lady the comone weill or hym as salbe knawin, God willing, to your graice, all wtheris off the realme and wther princis. My said lord, as I hard of divers of my freindis, pat me in hoip that I suld be put to fredome eftir the returning of this army. Madame, your graice and my lord governour ar now in Sanctandrois with divers wther lordis and baronis of the realme: prayand your graice to haif e to my mater that I am ewill done to, and in speciall that I am abstrackit fra the service of the quenis graice and realme at sic ane tyme, and that your graice will counsall my lord governour that I ma be fred of my ward to serve as wther baronis of the realme dois. I beleif your graice will do for me effectuislie as your servand. My caus is honest, thairfoir your graice may laubour with your honour therintill. Wer it wtherwayis I suld nocht put your graice to sic pyn; for, Madame, the service that I ma do salbe ever reddy to your graice of the auld maner. Ples your grace gif credens to this berrer your servitour. Madame, eftir maist hartlie and hwmyll commendatioun of my service to your graice, I pray almychty God mot haif the samyn in his ever lesting keping. Off the Blakness, the xxv day of Julij. Yowr graice humyll servitour AMIRALL.

[} [\CXLIV\] }] [} [\BOTHWELL TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Edinburgh, 7th October (1547).\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Plesit youre grace I haif direct my freind and servand Oliver Sinclare towart youre grace with my mynd at lenth in all behalffis, to quhom it will pleis your grace gif credence as to my selff thair anent. And the haly Gaist

mot haif youre grace in keping. At Edinburgh, the vij day of October. Be your graces humill and obedient servitour AMIRALL. [\Endorsed:\] (\Le conte de Bauduol.\) [} [\CXLV\] }] [} [\BOTHWELL TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Edinburgh, 26th November 1547.\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Youre grace will pleis, eftir the humill commendatioun of my service, to be advertist that I have send thir twa gentilmen, the lard of Elphingstoun and Oliver Sincler, my traist freindis and servandis to desire youre graces counsale and advisment for the avoiding of thir grete apperand parrellis and dangeris that ar like to be addressit to the grete hurt of me and my freindis. Quhairfore humilie I beseke youre grace to consult with thir said gentilmen in all thir caiss and to gif thame credite in all thingis as gif I wer present at your grace; beleving swa youre grace to tendir my wele as I am evir of gude mynd to youre graces service as treulie knawis God, quha mot

evir preserve youre grace. At Edinburght, the xxvj day of November 1547. Your graces humyll servand AMIRALL.

[} [\CXLVII\] }] [} [\BOTHWELL TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Berwick, 6th December (1547?).\] Yowr grac will ples, eftyr the hwmell commendacion of my serwet, to be adwartest of my cumin to Birwick the fyft day of this monayth instant according to my promest for the stop of gret inconwenyentis that war at[{drest?{] wpoun the disstrwkcion of me and my freindis, swa that yowr grac sall haif experiens to jug my meneng ever to be the preserfwacion of this owr common weill with yowr gracis serwet be me at all tymmis; refarring credens to thir beraris quha will awertes me of yowr gracis miend quhi[{l{]k I am rady to fowfull at thwtyrmest of my powar. At Birwik, the vj day of Discember be yowr gracis hwmell serwitour AMIRALL. [\Endorsed:\] (\M. de Baudeoul.\)

[} [\CLXXXV\] }] [} [\BOTHWELL TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Langtoun, 25th October 1548.\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Plesit unto youre grace, the dewite of my humyll service promisit, this is to signefy unto youre gude grace that eftir lang laubouris and panis I am tholit tocum in Scotland frelie; quhair I purposs, God willing, to do my dewite of service unto your grace, by the quhilk I think to accomplies your graces mynd in thiis thingis as may

gudelie stand with my powar. And sen I will nocht impeche youre hienes in reding of my lang lettris, to declare forthir myne affaris I have directit this berare unto youre grace to schew my mynd at mair lenth, as I have gevin him informatioun in thiis behalf, sa that it will pleis youre grace to gif him credence accordantlie: and thus I pray the almychty God to have youre gude grace in governing. From Langtoun, the xxv day of Octobre 1548. Your graces humyll and obedient servitour P. ERLE BOTHUIL. [\Endorsed:\] (\Conte de Baudouol.\)

[} [\CXCV\] }] [} [\BOTHWELL TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Crichton, 19th January 1548-9.\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Plesit unto your grace to have remenbrans as quhair your grace gaiff in command to monsieur Dosell, ambassatour, to deliver to my servand in Frans twa thowsand crownis of the sone, monsieur Dosell glaidlie acceptit to do the samyn, and at my servandis cummyng to him in the court of Frans said unto him he hed your grace discharge, quhairby I have ressavit na money as yitt in that behalf. And my lord Huntlie hes baid unto me to pass in to the northland and thair to remane certane tym at your grace plesour, and albeid I be myndit therto and all uther service your grace will ples command, yit I have nocht at this tym money to mak my furnessingis as afferis me to do, quhairfor hwmillye I pray your grace now in my neid to support me with this said money quhilk my servand suld have ressavit in Frans, that I may ordour me tweching my passage accordanlie to your grace will. Thus the eternell God have your grace in keping. Of Crechtoun, the xix of Januar 1548. Your grace hwmile and subject servitour AMIRALL. [\Endorsed:\] (\Du conte de Baudouol.\)

[} [\CCXI\] }] [} [\BOTHWELL TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Perth, 28th April (1549?).\] TO THE QWENIS NOBILL GRACE. Plesit wnto your excellens, I have send my cousing dene of Dunkeld wnto your grace for sic bissynes I have ado with your grace at this tyme. Becaus I am layth your grace suld be melestit with lang writin I have schawin him my haill mynd, quhom to pleis your grace giff credens as to my self, and gyf your grace pleis to command me to ony service in to the partis quhare I am bown to I salbe reddy at your gracis charge in the auld manere; besekand Christe to conserve your grace eternally. Of Perth, the xxviij day of Aprile be your grace moste humill servitour ERLE BOTHUILE. [\Endorsed:\] (\Le conte de Baudouol.\)

[} [\CCXXIII\] }] [} [\BOTHWELL TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Edinburgh, 13th December (1549?).\] TO THE QWENIS GRAICE. Plesit unto youre graice I haiff ressavit youre excellence commandment to meit youre graice in Faulkland the xiiij day of this monethe instant to pas with youre graice to this conventioun, and I haiff gottin latlye ane writing fra my lord gowernour to sped furthe schippis upone thir Inglismen that lyis in the Fyrthe with diligence possible: and uther gret besynes I haiff ado of my awn instantlye, quhilkis can nocht be done without my awin presens as youre graice sall clerlye knaw her efter. Her for I besek youre graice to appardone my absence, sua that I may put forwart my besynes at this tyme to that effect, that I may await ther efter at grettar lasar upone youre graicis service. Forther this berair will schaw your graice the causis of my carye at gretter lenthe, quhamto it plesit youre graice gyff credence; praying the eternall God ever to preserve [{your{] graice. Of Edinburgh, the xiij day of Decemb[{e{]r instant Be youre graicis maist humill and subget servand AMIRALL. [\Endorsed:\] (\Conte de Baudouel.\)

[} [\CCXXIV\] }] [} [\BOTHWELL TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Langnewton, 24th December, 1549.\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Pleis it unto your grace I have spokin the dene of Dunkeld and the lard of Wauchtoun my freyndis directit, be thair report, be your grace, desyring me to sindrie thingis, - the quhilk I thoucht nocht nedfull in the tyme. And becaus I hard be thame thai wer nocht in redynes to repair towart your grace I have send me freynd and servand maister Willame Broune to knaw your graces mynd and will in the said thingis, with sindrie uthair thingis I have commandit him to schew unto your grace: to quhome it will pleis your excellence to gif him credit, desyring your grace to command me with sic service as lyis in my powar, quhilk salbe reddy at all tymes as your grace will pleis to charge. Thus Crist preserf your grace in helth and prosperite. At Langnewtoun, the xxiiij day of December 1549. Be your graces humyll servitour P. ERLE BOTHUILL. [\Endorsed:\] (\Du conte de Baudouol du xxiii=me= de decembre, 1549.\)

[} [\CCXLIV\] }] [} [\BOTHWELL TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Newcastle, 20th November 1552.\] TO THE QUENES GRACE. Plesyd your grace to have in rememberaunce whow alswell duringe all my continewaunce in Scotlande (as in other places) I was ever at my small power addictede to your graces service, of the which I am not yet penitent, and beinge of this lounge tyme solicitant and travailinge to be reconcielede to the favour of my own naturall realme (as your grace knoweth) wherby I myght the more honorabillie spend my dayes, and contynew my poore service to the kinge of Fraunce and your grace. In woorkinge wherof I perceyve not onlie my good hart and affection cowldlie taken, but also under pretence of a wayke suretie to leis the certaine for the uncertaine, and to have my bodie in daungere by those whom I have not offendede, nor hath no just cause, onles jolisie be taken, that I have and wilbe to earnestlie bent to serve your grace, which to my small power for no threatninges, losses nor displeasouris I will not leave so lounge as your grace pleaseth to accept the samyn. Most hwmblie prayinge your grace to contynew my good lady and to weye the premissis and the state of my poore cawses, as to one of your graces owen servauntes, and labour my revocation in that realme (which I most desyre) as best may stande to my poore honor and suretie yf the samyn can be obteygnede, seinge my offences deserveth no suche extremitie. Or in defalt therof, that it wyll please your grace with eirnest effect wryt to the kinge of Fraunce in my favour to addres his highnes wrytinges to my lorde gouvernour and counsell of that realme to restore me to my landes, heretaiges, # possessions, rowmes and fealls which I had of the authoritie at my departour furth of Scotland. And also that yt wolde please your grace to declare unto his majestie by

wrytinge the effection that I have borne to his highnes service at all tymes; and now speciallie wolde be most glaide to serve him at his warres, yf it wolde please his hieghnes to exceptyd: not dowbtinge but your graces lettres thus in my favour to his majestie shalbe so in effect as his hieghnes maye weall perceave your grace ys my good prences. And thus I shall pray almightie God to preserve your grace in most longe lyef with prosperous succes in all your graces effaires. From Newcastell, this xx=ti= of Novembre 1552. By your graces most humble and obedient servitor P. ERLE BOTHULLE.

[} [\CCL\] }] [} [\BOTHWELL TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Crichton, 12th November 1553.\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. It may pleis your gude grace that eftir gret storme off wedder and hevy laboris be the see I arrivit heir in Lawdiane quhair I remane as yit, willing with trew hai[{s{]t to offer and do to your grace my detfull dewite of service, and becaus I am by violent tempest and storme on the see

sumpart crasit and alterit in my persoun and not sa habill at this present to do sic service as my will commandis and steris me to. Sua, to excuis my unhabilnes unto your grace and to have your grace directioun quhat I sall do presentlie and quhair I sall addres me to cum to your grace presens I have send this berar my cousing of Trakwair to have your grace mynd and command towart me heirintill. And sen I will nocht impesche your grace with reding off lang letter, this berar will schaw your grace at mair lencht lik as I have gyffin to him in charge, suo it will pleis your grace gyff him credens. And thus prays the almychting God to have your grace in keping. Off Crechtoun, the xij day of November 1553. Your grace hwmyll and obedient servitour at power P. ERLE BOTHUILE.

[} [\CCXCIV\] }] [} [\BOTHWELL TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Crichton, Saturday (Before 1556).\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Madame, plesit unto your grace I resavit your grace letteris reporting that I have writin sumpart scharpe unto your grace. Madame, I wrait all anerly the tym requirit and displesand deid followit therefter. Your grace twychis me sumpart scharpe, remembring me upoun my honour and promes maid unto your grace. Madame, I traist surly that your grace weill kennis that I have mair regard to my honour thane to all erdly riches or landis, and sall faythfully serve your grace unto the end of my lyff as the process off tym, how evir it cum, sall mak wele knawin unto your grace. And quhat skayth and displesour I have sustenit presently this berar will schaw unto your grace at lentht, quhomto plesit your grace gyff credens. Almythe God have your grace in evirlesting keping. Off Crechtoun this Saterday efter nowin be Yowr grace hwmill and subjett servitour PATRIK ERLE BOTHULE.

[} [\CLXXXVI\] }] [} [\BOTHWELL TO THE GOVERNOR\] }] [\Langtoun, 26th October 1548.\] My lord, eftir humyll comendationis of my service unto youre grace, this is to signify unto your grace that eftir lang laubouris and gret panis I am sufferrit tocum in Scotland fre, quhair I purpos, God willing, to do my dewite of service unto your grace, by the quhilk I paus nocht bot to satisfy and accompleis your mynd in quhatsumevir thingis as may gudelie stand with my pyssance, nocht dowtting bot to ressave recompance at your graces handis upon gude desertis. And to declair forthir myne effaris I have directit this berare to schew my mynd at mair lenth as I have gevin him informatioun in that behalf. Sen I will nocht molest your grace in reding my lang letteris, sa that it will pleis youre grace to gif him credite; thus the almychty God mot have your grace in keiping. Of Langtoun, the xxvj day of October 1548. Your graces servitour at powar P. ERLE BOTHUIL. [\Endorsed:\] (\Monsieur de Baudouol.\)

[} [\LXVI\] }] [} [\SIR GEORGE DOUGLAS TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Caldor, Monday, 26th May (1544).\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Eftir recommendatioun of my maist humble service unto your grace I did wrytt unto you be my cousing Henry Drummond and send credence that I wauld be at your grace als schortle as was to me possible and so come furth of the Mers this Sonday and this day come to Caldor accompanyt wyth part of gentilmen my freyndis

towart your grace; and for suche causis as this present berar my trusty freynd will schew unto you I mycht nocht gudelie come to you at this present, desiring your grace not to thynk bot I am and ever salbe reddy to do your grace service according to your honour and the common welth of this reaulme at the uttermaist of my power as knawis the eternall God; quha have your grace in his tuitioun. Writtin at Caldor this xxvj day of Mayi at foir houris eftir noine, most humbly beseking your grace to give ferme credence to this berar as to my self and I war present. Be your gracis humble obedient servitour GEORGE DOWGLAS.

[} [\LXX\] }] [} [\SIR GEORGE DOUGLAS TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Edinburgh, 11th June (1544).\] TO THE QUEINNIS GRACE. After mest humble recommendations on to yowr grace and plesit the samning that I hawe send on to yow this berer Rose Harret for to go vith yowr lettris to the king off Ingland and that ye vill mak vith all expedition yowr letter and hest hym avay, for the suner he go the better

it is. Make his letter vasly and vith gentill vourdis. I hawe send yow ane clarke off the signet vith syke newis as inccurrit [\sic\] for the present, and qwhat service I ma do for yowr grace sall be redde at all tayms as knawis the Eternell qwham hawe yow in his kayping. Vraytting at Edinbruchg at fowr efter nwne the xi day off Jun. (\Post scripta\) : plesit yowr grace to remember to heste ...off yowris avay vith the fyrst schipe in France and that ...to the king off France dissayring hym that he sen[{d na?{] maner off thing to the guvernur, bot adres all m[{ony to?{] yowr grace and to yowr consell, for ye knaw qwh[{ow?{] ...it dede yow the last mony that com to the e[{rll off?{] Lenos; ther for I vald not put the king off France . . . schargis and than the mony to be put in yowr ennemis handis to howrt yow vith. Gud it is that ye vrayt ane letter to schir Jhone Campell dissayring hym to dress yowr materis vith the king for he is yowr awne servand and ville be trest anuch to yow. Be yowr gracis wyt serwes GEORGE DOWGLAS.

[} [\LXXIII\] }] [} [\SIR GEORGE DOUGLAS TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Dalkeith, 17th June (1544).\] TO THE QWEINNIS GRACE. Efter mest humblele recommendations off my service on to yowr grace and plesit this saming that ther is ane Scottis man callit Sanders Prinille, and is it is sede betrasit all the men off the Mers to the Inglis men; and ther sowld ane man off the lorde Hwmis callit Donalsonne that mette the sade Sanders rayden towart the Inglis men and ane sparde hors in his hand; and this Donalde sade to Sanders Prynille that he sowld advertis the lord Hwme and the gentill men off the Mers that he vas rayden to be trese tham; and he sade he sowlde repente his vourdis: and the nixte nycht comme ane compenne

towart xvi or xx Inglis men to the sed Donaltis hows and hes sclen hym and his swne bethe. This vas ane crewall decht, fyrst to commit tresson and sayne morther; ther for if it ma stand vith yowr graceis plesur that ye vald vith avaysse off yowr lordis off the consell gewe the sade Sanders off Prynnillis eschite on to the lard off Blaketer for he hes taking gret hurt at this tayme. He hes xl off his men ten and sclain, he bein in yowr graceis service vith me in Sterling. The sade Sanders eschite is vert lytill or noucht, bot to punis hym to gew uders exemple to do so abominable dechts. Qwhat service yowr grace ville command me vith sall be redde at all tayms as knawis God qwha hawe yow in his kaypping; at Dakecht the xvij day off Jun be yowr gracis humble serviture GEORGE DOWGLAS.

[} [\LXXXII\] }] [} [\SIR GEORGE DOUGLAS TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Dalkeith, 4th September (1544).\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Heifter most humell commendation off my servece on to your grace, this Turisday my lord Borthik cuming frome the cardenall till his awn hows I wes in huntyng, and ane part off my serva[{n{]dis fortunit tyll meit the sad lord Borthik and stopit hym, and he is ramaning in

your graceis castall off Dalkycht and sall on tyll your sad plesor be knawing; besekand your grace to ramembar the ungentyll handling of your gracis servandis be the governowr and his frendis, trastyng that my lordis being bund on to your grace for the comonne weill weyll put rameid in his unrasonable handlyng off yowr gracis subeis [\sic\] ; and I is on off your gracis servandis sall ... langis to me efter my litill powar, disiryng your grace [{advertise?{] me off yowr plesor and put ane charp ordor in thir he at[{tenttatis?{] don to your gracis attorate, or illis it weill nocht be ragardit. I weill nocht truble your grace with lang wr[{it{]yng. Quhat service yowr grace weyll commend me with sall be rady as knawis God, quham presarf yow. At Dawlkycht, the fourt day off Septembar be yowr graces howmil servand GEORGE DOWGLAS.

[} [\LXXXV\] }] [} [\SIR GEORGE DOUGLAS TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\28th September (1544?).\] TO THE QUEYNIS GRECE. Efter mest humble recommendasions off my service [{unto{] your grece, I hawe rasavit your gentil letter vraytin vith your awne hande quiche promittis to me ane thousant crownis in pension for my service, quiche I hawe nocht dissarvit so gret revarde; bot I sal be redde to serve your grace at al tyms to the beste off my power, and sal nowther spare for feir off layffe nor guddis to do that thing according to my honner to the plesur off your grece and common veil off this ralme. For if ther be bot two men in Scotland that vil bayde at your opinion I sal be one and this is nocht for your greceis geir bot for my promes and h[{onner?{] , quiche I sal never fel quhil I be alaife a[{s knawis?{] the eternel God, quho presarve your grece. ... xxviii off September be yowr gr ... nd GEORGE D ... [} [\LXXXVI\] }] [} [\SIR GEORGE DOUGLAS TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Dalkeith, 13th October (1544).\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Eftyr most humyll recommendations of my sarves unto yowr grace, this Sonday, the xii of Octobar, I hayf rasavit

ane lettyr of yowr gracis fra the parson of Ryne my lorde Boduallis sarvand, with ane wryting of the yerl of Glencarnis and sartan arteklis of his counsall, quhilk counsall me thynk werray gude. Yowr gracis lettyr was lang of cummyng to me, bot now sen at the tyme is dwyne, it is gud ye suffyr not langer, becaws the governor waxis prowd and the cuntray fallis to hym mayr for feyr nor for luf. He garris the word gang that he hes the yerll of Huntly, the yerll Marschall, the yerll of Argylle bund onto hym ... ken this nocht of werrate. He brutis this to draw the [{ha{]rtis of the pepyll fray yow and to hym. Now, gud it [{wer?{] me think that yowr grace wret to all the nobyll [{men{] of Skotland that wildo for yow, spretuall and [{temporal{] , and desyre thame to cum to Styrlyng to yowr [{grace{] ... awht days befoyr the parlament the gavernor hes [{proclamit?{] , and at ye may with the adwyses of thay nobyll men [{pr{]osede forduart apon thame that assestis to the governor; for and ye suffyr the governor and thaym to convene befoyr yow the mast part of Skotland will cum to hym and than hawe ye lost yowr purpos to the grate deshonowr of yow and all yowr part takars and the destrwksion of this hayll rewlm [\?\] . And quhayr yowr grace wretis to me that I suld send master John Ballantyn unto you with the quarter seyll to derek precepts of the parlament, I send hym to yow to Strewalyng: and quhy wald nocht yowr grace than caws hym to dow that thyng thane at become hym to dow or ellis hawe tane the seyll fra hym and put ane wdyr in the office, for it was saide be yowr grace and all the lordis that the clarkkis of redgastair and Jus[{tice

with?{] all the hayll rest suld hawe bene send for, and if thay had nocht cum the day at ye apontit thayme, thay suld had beyn deschargit of thayr offecis and [{wderis put?{] into the sam[{en{] and the selis suld hawe beyn ...; and gif thai had dissobeyt thay suld hayve beyne ... and new sells mayd. All thyr thyngis war spokin ... nathing is dwyne. The schame is gret bot the s... mayr aperandly be the slak handlyng of thyr aff[{airis?{] ... help yit and be deligent and gyf the lordis will ... yow gar thame cum in ane substantiall manyr ... may set fordwart thys mater with stranth and ... to return haym agayn quhyll that thay stabyll ... ate at thay hawe promest to yowr grace ... to lois owr lywes forfat. Lat nodyr ca ... be sparit bot charge all manyr of man ... and thay that cummys, hald thayme as yowr [{freindis?{] ; thay that dowis the contrary, exteme thaym [{ennemeis?{] to the quenis grace yowr dohtter and yow and brak[{arris?{] of the commonn weyll of this rewlm. Your grace sall wit me lord of Angus is raturnit fra the bord[{aris{] and hes performit his promes maid to yowr grace and the lordis ... trastyng all the nobyll men at was pr[{esent?{] well dow the samen, for we sall nocht fayll to perform the rest be the grace of God. It sall nodyr be for fayr words nor proffet that sall gar ws menis ane grane of owr honor nor promes maid onto yowr grace. Thayr is gret delygens mayd be the [{governor{] and cardenall to brek the lordis and nobyl men fray yow and large proffetis offerit thame; and gyf thay can nocht get thayme to thayr purpos, offeris thayme proffet to ramane at hame; and als thay labor at all thayr frendis handis that ar gentilmen to thame to solest thay lordis and offerris thame ... that is of souerte. Thayrfor yowr grace, with awys of the lordis, man wret awtentyk letteris to all the nobyll men and send wise gentilmen with the

sayd letteris to parswade bayth lordis and gentilmen to yowr gracis purpos. This day thayr is ane presep of parlament derekit be the governor to my lord James and ane wdyr is cum to the yerll of Mortown. A am swyr thay ar derekit owr all the realm in lyk manyr, and thayrfor pro[{sede?{] as ye thenk caws with deligens. I will trwbyll yowr grace na mayr with wretyng at this present ... this[{?{] desyring yow to apardoun my rude dytyng bot fors constraines me swa to dw, as knaws God, quhaw consarwe yowr grace in gud halth. At Dalketh, this Monunday, the xiii of this mowneth of Octobar be yowr grases ... servand GEORGE DOWGLAS. [} [\LXXXVII\] }] [} [\SIR GEORGE DOUGLAS TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Tantallon, 18th October (1544).\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Efter most humell commendasion of my serwis to [{your{] grace, I rasaifit your wryttyng with the pressep[{is of{] parlament the xvij of this instant and sall acor[{dingly{] adres the said pressepis, and in lykmaner sall ... me lord of Angus acordyng to your grace ... It is fair west to the erllis of Angus Bothwel [{and me?{] to bryng owr folkis to Styrlyng for y[{our grace{] and the nobeill men that cumis to yow most mu[{ster?{] towart Edynbruch. We sall fors the gufu[{rnor and{] hes part takaris to cum furth to the feilddis and f[{echt{] with us or ellis we sall hungar tham to deith. W[{ithin{] vj dayis ane of ws thre sall be with your grace agan the conwenssion of the lordis. I

beseik yowr grac to be delegent and spar nodyr for cost nor lawbor at this pressent; for geif this maitter cum [\?\] forwart with you ye weill haif no mor trubell be no Scottisman. Plesit your grace I haif ... wryttyng that com fra ane kynis man of the lord Grayeis quho schawis on to me that the cardenell makis gr[{et{] lawbor tell haif the said lord bund on to him [{and{] to be inimye to your grac. I wald it suld sta[{nd with{] yowr plessur to wrytt on to the lord Gr[{ay and{] Jhon Charturrs and send ane cradabell g[{entilman{] with yowr wryttyngis and offar tham proffattis [{gyf the?{] maitter sall be drest tuchyng the town [{of Sanct?{] Jhonstown at the sycht of me lord Mar [{shal?{] . Geif yowr grac well send ane wys man I tr[{est it{] maye be drest to your graceis purpos. It war ane greit weill to yow to haif tham, for the card[{inal{] has no man to tak hes part bott tham. [{Gyf?{] this matter wald be down in hast and delegentle, mye cussyng Harre Drummuntt war ane meit man to send to me lord Graye and Jhon Charturrs for he hes greit cradens of [{th{]am. He man ryd wyssle; the guffornor and cardenell luffis [{na{] man wars. I sall wrytt to the said lord and Jhon Charturrs [{quhi{]lk I trest sall do gud. Your grac sall dres ane diffarrans betuex me lord Ruffane and tham and that sall be gret well for the haill contra. I haif nocht hard how [{me{]e lord Argyll Glencarn and Cassillis and the westland men deid at ther tryst in Air, for geif tha be sur to yowr grace and bryng ther frendis with tham your matter well ga with yow: for me lord of Huntle Marchell

and Arrell as wrytten on to me that tha well kype promes on to yowr grace. Gef ye haif the lord Graye ye haif fra Taye north. Gef yowr grac well gar me lord Askin sand for the lard of Lochleifin and at he Cum and speik with yow and se geif ye maye haif hem to be yowrs, for he is bath throw and manle and well kyp that he promissis; it is said me that erll of Rothes well be the cardenellis, and the lard of Lochleiffin and he well nocht be bath on ane syd as [{I{] beleif. I wald yowr grace wald send for the lard of Rath and caus hem to speik with all the gentilmen of Fyf and mak tham yowrs. I well trubell your grace no mor with this pressent. Quhat serwis ye well command me with sall be rade is knawis God, quhom haif yow in kyppyng. At Thamtallon, the xviij of Octobar be yowr graces sarwand GEORGE DOWGLAS.

[} [\CCXXIX\] }] [} [\SIR GEORGE DOUGLAS TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Edinburgh, 18th June (1550).\] TO THE QWENNS GRACE. Efter mest humble recommendations off my service unto yowr grace, ye sal vit that the guvernur hes send and dissayrit to speik vith me; and I vas contentit, he coming

to Dakecht; and so he dydde. He cowme to Dakecht on Munday at nycht, fowre hors vith hym. I commund vith hym at lencht as I sall forder schaw yowr grace at my spayking vith yow. Yowr grace hes horde off the taking off the provest off Edinbruchg; and the balyes and the honest men off the towne send to me and dissayrit me to cowme and support tham off my consell, and so I cowme to the towne this Twisday at vi owrs and this Vednisday ves in the Frers vith the conselle off the towne, qwhar ther vas offers and dissayris betwix the guvernur and tham. And so the towne hes dissayrit that tha ma hawe ther provest fredde betwix this and Frayday apon surtes or plegis, and he to mak ansur till ony thing that ma be sedde to hym off resson: and gew the guvernur vill nocht fre hym betwix this and Frayday tha ville schyse ane nuder provest. This is the newis that incurris for this present. Qwhat service yowr grace ville command me vith sall be redde at all tayms, as knawis God, qwham hawe yowr grace in kaypping. At Edinbruchg, the xviij day off Jun. Be yowr grasis wyt serwes GEORGE DOWGLAS.

[} [\XVIII\] }] [} [\SIR GEORGE DOUGLAS TO CARDINAL BEATON\] }] [\Edinburgh, 16th August, 1543.\] Plesit your gud lordschip that I com to my lord governour this Thurisday the xvith of August at efter noune and hes declarit your gud mynd unto his grace and therefter in his presence has schawin to all the counsall the writing maid betuix your lord and ws, and it was wele acceptit be my lord governour and all the counsall. And his grace with all diligence has directit furth proclamacionis

accordinglie as was commonit betuix your lord and ws and has scalit the fute band; and sa all thingis is and salbe performit on my lord governouris part conforme to oure promis, nocht doubting bot your lord will in symlable maner do for your part, and the rest of my lordis. Praying your gud lord to advertis me of the samyn that I may the mair directlie speik in thai effaris. And according to your lordschippis plesour I have spokin with my lady, quha has commandit me to writt to your lord that the samyn salbe sur of hir gud mynd, trasting that ye will stand gud unto my lord governour hir housband quhilk I have said larglie on your behalve unto hir. And als my lord governour has writtin for all the lords to be in Edinburgh the twenty day of this instant that his grace may have thare advise and counsale for the setting forwart of the materis of England according to your lord communicacioun and myn. Thar sall na tym be pretermittit in all the busynes (as your lord and I commonit at lenth) on this part, desyring your wysdom to pacify all materis for your part and to have in your rememberance God and the common welth of this realme, nocht doubting bot your gud lord will. Praying for advertisment of thir premissis in writing with your lordschip gud counsale quhilk I sall glaidlie fulfill to my litle power as knawis God, quha have your lord in his eternale tuitioun. Writtin at Edinburgh the said xvi day of August 1543. Be your lord wyt serves GEORGE DOWGLAS. [\Endorsed:\] To My gud Lord, Cardinall of Sanctandrois.

[} [\LXXI\] }] [} [\SIR GEORGE DOUGLAS TO WILLIAM BELL\] }] [\Dalkeith, 16th June (1544).\] TO MY CUSING VILZAM BELLE. Cusing, efter hartly recommendations I resavit yowr vrayting this Sonday the xvi day off Jun vith ane letter fra the qweinis grace, qwhar be I parsawe that hir grace maynd is that I sould returne towart Sterling to gew hir may aways and consell for the sending bode in Ingland and in France and gud it var that hir grace be awayss off

the lordis dereckit away the harret in Ingland vith hir vrayting on to the kingis mageste and that the letter be vaysely med and vith gentill vourdis: the clarke off the register can make it veille and he ville at commendement off the qwein gar vrayt it. And als swa I valde it stude vith hir grace plesur for to send avay ane trest servand off hyrs to the king off Franse maken mension qwhow the guvernur wsis hym and qwhow schw hes junde to geder all the nobille men off the rawme for the serving off the qwennis grace hir doucter and diffense of this rawme agennis the alde ennemis, and qwhow hir grace is put in authorite hir selfe, and declare on to the kingis grace of France all maters as tha hawe procedit at this tayme dissayring his graceis gud consell vith supportasion off syk niscessers as hir grace and the guvernur hes vrayting for vith hir imbassaturs, and at the support that tha mycht hew sowlde be hestit on to hir grace, and that mension be mede on to the king off France that hir grece hes all the helle nobille men off the rawme unit togeder qwhilke vas never afor sen the dyde off the kingis grace qwham God assolze, and ville be redde bode sche and tha for to do the king off France bode plesur and servis as fermely as ewer the king off Scotland vas. Thir presentis rehers in the qwennis letter qwhilk I doute nocht bot schw ville do better nor I can dewayse ane gret deylle. Nocht the les this is my pure consell according to my mest bundent dewte qwhilk sall ewer be redde to do hir grace servis: and if ony prewet person syk as the guvernur or the cardenell valde vrayt to the king off France in contrare off hir grace, he beand advertiste

afor qwhow vaysely sche hes orderit hir maters he vill nocht estime ther infurmasion nor disdynis leis. This is may dewaysse and consell and gewe I var vith hir grace I cowld do no more, and make ye may excuse that I cum nocht presently that the sychte off hir graceis letter for I hawe mony gret maters ado and I vald put sowm order or I departit towart hir and tham to remen according to hir mest gracius plesur. Ther is taking at this rede dyvers gentillmen off the Mers beand my freindis and servandis; ther is taking the lard off Cokburne and his broder, the lard off Langton broder vith dyvers uder gentill men and ane gret numbre off tham and ther for I most in the Mers to se gewe I can helpe to borro thir men onder bandis and I hawe ane syster sown off my awne, the lard off Vedderburneis broder taking, and gew I sowld nocht helpe thir men now in ther neide tha vald nocht serve me eftervart qwan I mistert tham; thar for I pra yow mek may excuse on to the qweinnis grace or I sall be at hir grace schortly and dispeche my bissenes vith als gret diligence as sall be to me possibille and ther efter cwm and ramen vith hir grace as lang as hir plesur is, preand yow to advertis me off the sam qwhilk I sall fulfille to the utermest off my power as knawis God, qwham hawe yow in his kaypping. Vrayting

at Dakecht the xvi day off Jun. I dissayre yow to schaw hir grace this letter be caus I rafarre all maters to yowr vrayting. Be yowr cowseng GEORGE DOWGLAS.

[} [\LXXIV\] }] [} [\ALEXANDER GORDON TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Edinburgh, 1st July (1544).\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Madam, I besyk your grace hald this wryting sacrit. Your grace sall pleis wit I was redde to depart on Fryday at fyf howris on the mornnyng that the governouris sarvandis cryit the proclamacion, quhay met me be the

way rydand and inquirit me quhayr I was rydand; quhayr efter, seand I culd nocht weill ewayd, I ansurit and said I was passand to my lord governour for certan besines I had ado. Quhayr efter my cuming to hym I dysirit his ansuir to the kyngis grace of France be rason that I was to depart to his grace, quha ansurit and said he was to depart to Homilton and thair efter wald depart to Sanctandrois and suld thair gyf me ane ansuir be my lord cardenall dewis at my dysir, assurand me of on thyng - that he suld debait the ald alliens of France and was determit, he beand sarply put at, to deliver the strenthis of Scotland in the kyngis grace of France handis. Forder he dysirit me to hawe passit with ane sarvand of his to my brother the erll of Huntly to hawe dysirit hym to hawe bein his and debatit his querall or at the lest for tyll lyin by and bein equall, offerand many wayin profferis quhylk is nocht nessessar to wryt to your grace. I ansurit sayand I culd nocht mell me with syk materis be reson I was the kyng of France sarvand, bot quhat his lordship wald charg me to do for the comon weill of the realm or sustenand the ald allya of France his lordship suld fynd me redde efter my powar. Quhayr I departit plesandly fra his lordship and said I suld meit his lordship in # Sanctandrois to rasawe my ansuir. Thair efter I past fordward to Tamtallowin to hawe spokin with my lord of Angws quha was nocht thair, bot I spak with his brother George in the Quhyt kyrk, quhom I fynd gyfin to sarf your grace trewly; and hes comond with hym at lenth as I sall schaw your grace at metyng. He is departit to Pebylis to met my lord his brother and hes casit me to ramayn in this thown quhyll ther cowmin to Dacayth, quhair he sais that I sall hayf his brotheris my lord of Angus ansuir to

my disyr. Quhayr efter I salbe at your grace and adverteis your grace of the novellis I fynd or hyr. Ther is ane schyp cowm furth of Denmark quhay sayis the kyng of Denmarkis armey ar departit to Swedin in feir of weir and is surly appointit with the emprior. Prayand God, madam, efter my hartly commendacion [{of{] my hwmyll servis, preserf your nobyll grace eternely. Writtin at Edinburg the fyrst day of July be your grace maist h[{u{]myll and maist obeyssant sempill servitour A. GORDON.

[} [\LXXX\] }] [} [\ALEXANDER GORDON TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\St. Andrews, 6th August (1544).\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Madame, yowr grace sall pleis witt my lord cardinall send ther synry writyngis to me to Innerpeffry, prayand

me to cum and speik with his lordship, and in his last writyng advertesand me off writyngis wes cum owt off France fra (\monsieur\) de la Croix, writyne the ix day off Junij; quhowm fray I rasawit ane, schawand off his gud passag, and referritt all nowellis to my lord cardinall writyng and the ambasadouris. My lord cardinall advertist me off yowr grace credit quhilk wes gyffin to master Jone Hay, the gentilman that cowm laitlye owt of Denmarkthe, to schaw his lordship, off the quhilkis he hes maid yowr grace ansour in my [{lord cardinallis{] ambasadouris writyngis. Madame, we ar advertist for sowr that (\monsieur\) de Wauldry is tyn presoner and is in Berwyk, the quhilk is greitt damnage; quharfor, gyf yowr grace and the ambasadour thynkis necessair for the weill off this realm and service off the kyngis grace my master to send ony uthyr haistelye in France, I sall be reddy at command for ther is ane schip hyr in this towyn that will be reddy to depart vithin xi or xii dais. Fordar I refer all uther newellis to my cummyng to yowr grace. Prayand God, Madame, efter my maist h[{u{]myll commendacion off hartlye service, preser yowr nobill grace eternaly. Writyn at Sanctandrois, the sext day off August be yowr graice maist h[{u{]myll servitour A. GORDON.

[} [\LXXXI\] }] [} [\ALEXANDER GORDON TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\St. Andrews, 20th August (1544).\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Madame, efter my maist h[{u{]myll commendacion off hartlye service pleis yow[{r{] grace I am her with my lord cardinall quhar I can do yowr grace better service as with yowr grace, assurand yowr grace I sall do my detfull diligence to hald my lord cardinall at the best opinion for yowr grace affect; bot att the list my beyng hyr sall be to yowr grace awantage as yowr grace sall knaw at metyng at mair lentht. The end will schaw quha dois yowr grace best service; quhowm I pray God hawe yowr grace eternaly in his keppyng. Writyn at Sanctandrois, the xx day of August be yowr grace maist h[{u{]myll sugget and servitour A. GORDON. I spaik with my brother, the erll off Huntley, quha I am asswritt will nocht faill to keip ane gud part to yowr grace by all the wardyll as yowr grace will knaw.

[} [\CLVIII\] }] [} [\ALEXANDER GORDON TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\(c. March - April 1548.)\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Madame, efter the closyng off this mas I gatt ane writtyng fra my lord quhilk yowr grace ples resave. We hawe derekit Kempe away agane to my lord to entyrteny the pwrpos quhill fordar remeid be fownd; and at Kemppeis retwrnyng yowr grace salbe advertist. I hawe maid ane wreittyng to my lord quhilk I am content he schaw, makand mention quhow at the last convention yowr grace had aggreitt all the nobill men, quhou ar determit to debait the mater to the utyrmast of thar p[{o{]war; and sik lyk off gret support that is cum and cumand owt off France, in the best manere my wyt culd extend the mater. I thynk (\monsieur\) de Laya hes nocht bene at the cowrt or the departyng off my lord ambassadour, bot dowttis nocht efter Laya speikkis with the

kyngis grace bot his grace wilbe advertist off my service quhilk I remit haill to yowr grace, in quhame trewly is my haill hoip. Be your grace maist humyll and maist obedient servant CAITH[{N{]ES. [\Endorsed:\] (\M=e=\) Alexandre Gordon.

[} [\CLXI\] }] [} [\ALEXANDER GORDON TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Edinburgh, 21st April (1548).\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Madame, pleis yowr grace witt the man hes failzeit trist and we ar makand new prowision to se the maneir and to affix ane new trist. Fordar, madame, at my cummyng to this toune I deliverit nocht yowr grace writyngis to my lordis governour nor Dunkell becais all wes done and orderit as yowr grace wald or my cummyng; therfor hes send the writyngis to yowr grace agane. My lord ambasadour wes schawin he hed wreittyng to my lady Hwntlye fra the kyngis grace; as to that behalf I refer to yowr grace and dowttis nocht bot yowr grace will asswre my lord ambasadour of my lord my brotheris part quha hes na mair p[{o{]war of hym self, nor may nocht lyf

with honour to failze, for the quhilk I will set my hand. And, fordar, yowr grace sall pleis rasave ane writyng of my lordis awyn hand quhair he commandis me to mak ane end, sayand he is content for his part; quhilk wreittyng I pray yowr grace keip. I am haldyn hyr with proces afoir the lordis aganis my compeditour, quhair I sall do yowr grace as greitt service as I wer in yowr grace presence, as yowr grace sall knaw at meittyng. Fordar, madame, prayand allmythye God, efter my maist hw[{m{]yll commendacioune off service, preser yowr grace ever. At Edynbrucht, the xxj day of Aprille, be the hand off Yowr grace mast hwmyll and maist obedient servitour CAITHNES. [} [\CLXII\] }] [} [\ALEXANDER GORDON TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Edinburgh, 25th April (1548).\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Madame, efter maist hwmyll commendacioune off hartlye service praya[{n{]d yowr grace to aperdon me off my lang tarry to wreitt to yowr grace; nochtwithstandding, yowr grace may considdyr be thir synry writyngis my vigilance. Madame, the mater standdis now in this maneir. I thynk nocht the man may be ony way enschew be rasone thar is ane greitt suspitione, quhilk quhen the man schaw that hys keipparis wer advertist, hestely maid prowision in this sort: he cawsit Jhone Wymmis your grace master howshaldis sone that wes capitane off Dunbar say that ther cowme ane man fra my lord governour

and bayd Jhone Wemmis pray my lord gyf he mycht enschew to cum away on hors bak, quhilk he wald say that he refwsit. And tharefter my lord schew to his keppar quhow Jhone off Wemis schew hym sic lyk and that he refwsit the samin. Swa Jhone off Wemis is pwt and haldyn in ane schalmer and takis the haill mater on hym, sayand he schew sic thynkis to my lord as my lord governour send hym word to do; and thus my lordis part is haldyn gwd. And suppois the schyp be thayr I trow it be nocht possib[{i{]ll to my lord to eschaip. Thair for, madame, I man on force pas to my lord and gyf yowr grace thynkkis expediane I cum to yowr grace or my departyng, I sall do the samen. Uthyr wayis I sall pas fordart and do sa, God willyng, as I sall answer to yowr grace. Allwayis, madame, I am contrynit to schaw your grace quhow I can gett na way off sylver fra my gud sister my lady Hwntlye; and trewly, madame, schew can nocht instantlye hawe price nor sell of gwddis be merchanddis. And as to my awyn benefice, ingudfayth I gart never ane plak sen my cummyng in Scoitland. Quhow sone I may hawe of my awyn yowr grace sall nocht be molestit. I am determit to aggre with my compeditour quharthrow I may have sa suir lyffyng, bot in the myn tym I hawe na uthyr esperance bot only in yowr grace: remittand the answer in this behalf to yowr grace plesouris. I knaw your grace is ampill anewcht advertist quhow all

materis standdis hyr, quharin I asswre yowr grace Robert Car[{n{]egy dois hys dewoire. I fynd ws sum part cald in the mater bot trewly it is rycht abill [{to{] cum to ane tw[{i{]llze. My lord of Dunkell schaw hym lyk ane nobill man. My lord of Angus wald fane hyr of commonyng. Your grace knawis quhair in the feir lyis. Wald my lord governour tak the haysort it war the better as I trow he sall, thocht he be laycht therto. I pray God help all; quha preser yowr grace eternally. At Edynbrucht, the xxv day of Aprille, be the hand off Yowr grace maist hw[{m{]yll and maist obedient servitour CAITHNES. I beseik yowr grace ryff this bill efter it be red becas of the first part that twychis my lord. [\Endorsed:\] (\M=e=\) Alexandre Gordon. [} [\CLXIII\] }] [} [\ALEXANDER GORDON TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Edinburgh, 29th April (1548).\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Madame, pleis yowr grace witt I have rasavit ane writyn fra my lord my brother sen my last writyng to yowr grace, quhilk ye sall pleis rasave; quhairby yowr grace may knaw his greit desyr is I cum to hym with diligence, and becais the last berare I send to yowr grace is nocht retwrnit I have derekit this berare off new. My lord is at the pointt as I wreitt to yowr grace and man schortlye declair hym self; therfor, madame, the sonair the better that I depart ; quhair efter my retwrnyng yowr

grace sall hawe na fordar cummyr in that behalf for my lord is determit to ramane presunir quhill God send better. Besekand yowr grace, sawend greteir besynis, advertys me gyf yowr grace ples command me ony wthyr service and to sopport me or my departyng as yowr grace thynkkis expedane, for trewly, Madame, ther is myster. I dowt nocht bot yowr grace is better advertist of our doyngis nor I can wreit, bot always I feir we do lytyll at this tym. The sonair yowr grace cumis it wilbe the better. Prayand God, Madame, efter maist hwmyll commendacione off hartlye service, preswer yowr grace eternally. At Edynbrwcht, the xxix day off Aprille, be the hand off Yowr grace maist hwmyll and maist obedient servitour CATHNES.

[} [\CLXXI\] }] [} [\ALEXANDER GORDON TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\(c. May - July 1548?).\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Madame, I wreitt to yowr grace affoir with my servand and is hartlye myscontentit to hawe so neidfull occasione to molest yowr grace with my pwre adverseteis, quhilk I am constranit do, haweand na wthyr, ondyr God, for my releiff, - for only, beand weill rememberit, the occasione off all this trebill I swstyne is my laboris and attendence to hycht besynes concernyng this Realm and my pwre hows, and hes mellit sa far thairin that I cwld nocht retyre me from daly service bwt tynsell off my procedyng and jopart off my honour, quhilk hed alwayis bene owt off recowerance wer nocht yowr grace help. And in this myn tym my pwre leyffyng wes possest with my compeditour, and can hawe na apoinctement: that now am I onhabill to obtyn possession without greitt inconwenience, far les abill to await on service, for gyf I pas northrt to obtyn possession it salbe occasione to hald syndry frome yowr grace service, quha, beand nocht will

mynddit, wald be glaid off that occasione. And wanttane my leyffyng, I hawe nocht to awaitt on service, quhilk, gyf I mycht do, I wer sewr off reward; or, gyf I mycht with yowr grace wreittingis obtyn the kyngis grace presence or be fwrnyst therto, I dowt nocht releyff. In gud fayth, Madame, I hawe rowine my self sa far at oudyr that I may nether fwrnys me self to serve, nor sic remeid quhar it may be hed. Swa that, trewly, better wittit men nor I mycht abill syk gretair inconvenience [\sic\] , beand at this poinct, nor I sall, God willyng; asswerand yowr grace I gatt offerris at my last beyng in Ingland to hawe cawsit ane pwre man hyr, bot alwayis that adversete nor feir of deid sall never cum to me that sall gar me offend yowr grace nor my honour: for, suppois powyrty banys me your grace service, ryches sall nocht caus me offend. Wald God my pwissance wer conforme to my will. Bot werst off all, thocht I wald waire my self to obtyn honor, I want substance to pwtt me therto. Exorting yowr grace aperdon my hardines in my familiar wreittyng, quhelk procedis only off affection to do yowr grace service. And gyf yowr grace pleis lat me knaw yowr will and mynd, I sall yit do diligence to fwfill the samin, and wthyrwayis salbe na way offend. Prayand almychtye God, efter my maist hw[{m{]bill commendatione off hartlye service, preserve yowr nobill grace in lang haill and wylfair. Wreittyn by the hand off yowr grace maist hwmyll and maist obedient servitour CAITHNES.

[} [\CLXXXII\] }] [} [\ALEXANDER GORDON TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Innerpeffry, 8th September (1548).\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Madame, effter maist hwmyll commendacioune off hartlye service, pleis yowr grace witt I have bene hayfely vexit with seknes sen my departyng fra yowr grace, and now intendis to depart to speik with my lady my sistyr. I am advertist my lord of Combas is cowme, thairfor I thoycht necessair to advertys yowr grace to knaw gyff yowr grace will assuir me lady off sylver to hailp hyr passyng in Ingland, or gyff yowr grace pleis command me ony wthyr thyng. Allwayis prayis yowr grace lat me knaw gyf yowr grace wald ony fordar for assuirty off my lordis service to the kyngis grace owr mastyr, quhilk I will tak on hand to obtyn quhairthrow I may fynaly end my promys maid to our forsad mastyr and kyng, withowt quhais help be yowr grace laborris owr powre hows can nocht stand. And becais I will cummyr yowr grace with na langair writyngis I refer the rest to this berare yowr grace servand and answ[{e{]r as will pleis yowr grace command me; quham almychtying God preser in sawl and body. At yowr grace hows of Inerpeffry, the acht day of September be Yowr grace maist hwmyll and maiste obediant serwitour CAITHNES. My lady my modyr commenddis hyr maist hwmyll and [{obedient{] service to yowr grace, and in lyk wayis the lord yowr grace serwitoris humyllis. [\sic\]

[} [\CXCIX\] }] [} [\ALEXANDER GORDON TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Jedburgh, 20th February (1548-9).\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Madame, efter maist hwmyll commendacioune off hartlye service ples yowr [{grace{] witt, sen our departyng I ramanit and doid syk service to my lord Desse and the

army as lay in my p[{o{]war. The strangerris and specially the suddarttis hes heid greitt necessite off wiweris # nochtwithstanddyng ony laboris cwld be tane. My lord at his cummyng hyr patt ordour to the toune and gart mak proclamatiounis in the cuntray for fwrnysyng off the army, quhilk was neverwelws dificille to be doune. Bot now I hoip in God the warst is past, for ther is prowisione maid that the gentill men off the cuntray sall furnys daly, ilk ane conforme to ther bownddis, sa mony marttis mwtone quhytt and malt as the army thynkkis may staik tham, and beliwis swrly with the help yowr grace will gar mak off Edynbrwcht we sall hawe wewerris att will. At my lordis cummyng the capitaine off Farnyhe[{r{]st thoycht tyll [{haf{] eschaippitt, wer nocht my lord gart hald ane stark wache, quhair effter thay desirit to randyr the hows being sawe at ther efter thar lyffis alennyrly sawe [\sic\] , the quhilk my lord thoycht nocht best, bot entyrtenit tham quhill the cummyng of (\monsieur\) Desse, quha thoycht it werray necessair to be done, thynkand it culd nocht be haid bwt greit tynsell off men. Bot all wayis my lord past hym self and mannit the laycht place with certane Frenchte men and Scoittis men and fell to the carmwschte, quhair capitane Pearre long with twa wderis war hwrt, and ane callit Cranstoune shoyt thorycht the schwlder; quhair throw we culd nocht hawe

patience to byd of fordar prowision, bot laid fiyre to the irne yett and handelit tham swa scharply as we culd quhill ane serwand of the lerd of Balclwtht wes slane - ane callit Twlloycht, quha wes the first that antrit in Howme - off the quhilk my lord wes hychtly commowitt, and ther effter send for mair hagbwtarris to (\monsieur\) Desse and altelyery. Quha cowme hym selff with all the gentillmen off the army, my lord ambassadour with the first that my lord hym selff passit with tham to the wallis, quhilk I belieff wes by the commyssion and promys he maid to my lady and wes by my awice. All wayis it wes sa scharply handelyt that thay cryit at all tymis for mercy, and in the myn tym we wroycht with pykkis and mattokkis quhill the wall wes cwttit, and swa schortlye the capitane wes crwely slane and ane greitt part off the sowldarttis that I belyff thay sall few cum to cownt. And on Monunday we twk ane interpris to pas in Ingland and to hawe cawsit the clannis of the cuntray fyll thayr handdis on the enymeis, and beleyffit na les nor tyll hawe haid at the lyst twa thwsand Scoittis men. Bot on the morrow, marchand forwart, we fand ws faire by that nwmyr, quhar in the myn tyme my lordis spy mett hym be the way, schewand quhow the Inglis army wes awaittand on our cummyng, quhilk wes off trewtht. Than my lord gart tak moustryrris to se quhat nwmyr we culd be off Scoittis men, quhar we fand na pwrpos to pas fordwart, remembyryng the baittaill wes hasertws. And gyf ony inconv[{enie{]nt had happinit the occasioune therof hed bene thoycht in my lordis defalt, quhilk commowit my lord hychtly, by the ewill weddyr

that cowme in swc sort that, gyf we had passit fordwart, we had lossit ane greit part of our army and byne in danger of fordar inconve[{n{]ient. Quhilk beand considerit my lord excusit the mater, sayand we had sclepitt to lang, and gart mak ane red on est Tavydall to redwire the rebellis to obedience, quhilk of threwcht wes werray necessair; and [{at?{] our retwrnyng sett fordwart the makkyn off ane fort, seand nay wthyr way to bryng the cuntray to obedience; quhilk effter lang disputatioune culd nocht be thoycht possibille becais the asseatt wes swa incommode that on force we behwffit to mak twa forttis - ane to answour and defend the wdyr - quhilk hed bene to lang. Yit my lord twk (\monsieur\) de Wyngallome and passit abowt the tone, and at the last hes fwnd ane assyett on the swtht syd of the tone, mekill mair necessair and off les trawaill and expensis; and ther effter broycht fowrtht the rest of the capitainis, quhar we haid lang dispwtacioune, and (\monsieur\) de Wyngallome debaitit the mater with sik rasonis that the place wes thoycht gwd; and ther effter the mater wes dispwtit in consell and hoppit of na deliberacioune, swa that (\monsieur\) Desse and my lord ambassadour with the rest off capitainis and gentilmen woittit ilk ane for ther awyn part; bot at the end my lord ambasadour broycht it to that fyn that the haill army wald do that thyng culd be thoycht be my lord governour and the consell necessair for the service of the Realme. Quhareffter off trewtht my lord doid his part, bot effter we haid concludit and I reddy to hawe

schawyn the conclusion and delibratioune off my lord governour and the consell in presence of the haill nobill men off the army, my lord governour start schortly abak, quhilk maid ws all attonyst. Alwayis my lordis Hwntlye and Dunkell followit my lord governour and effter greitt flytyng maid hym contentit and deliverit to mak ane stryntht, prowydyng that my lord wald promys to byd with hym, quhilk he doid, and maid ane prowision quhow we mychtht recowyr thre thowsand pwnddis, becais (\monsieur\) de Wyngallyone twk on hym to compleitt the stryntht in thretty dayis hawand ane thowsand pionerris, quhilk had bene to sair to hawe lositt this cuntray in falt off sa sobyr ane sowme. Swa, madame, we hoip in God with pane and laboris our wayage sall be profitabille to yowr grace service. I hawe maid this lang dischowrs knawand yowr grace hes nocht greitt besynes, and to gyff yowr grace to knaw the haill procedyngis sen our departyng. Twychand my lorddis besynes towart the kyngis grace he refferris the haill mater to yowr grace as yowr grace thynkkis expedient and hes wreittyin to maister Jhone Hay, nocht w[{ith{]standdyng he send hym of Londone the effett of the apponctement gyffen hym be yowr grace, that the samen be refferrit to yowr grace advertiss[{m{]enttis and the kingis grace plesour. Fordar prayis yowr grace speik to thir gentillmen to remembyr the kyngis grace on my pwer service quhilk salbe fwnddyin, God willyng, to yowr grace contentacioune and commandement; prayand God gyf yowr grace lang heill with contentacioune off yowr desyrris. Wreityng at Jegbrwcht, the xx day of Febrware, be the hand [{off{] Yowr grace maist hw[{m{]yll and maist obedient servitour CATHNES. [\Endorsed:\] (\M.\) de Catenes.

[} [\CC\] }] [} [\ALEXANDER GORDON TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Jedburgh (c. 20th - 26th February 1548-9.)\] Madame, pleis yowr grace witt, sen my last wreittyng our purpois wes changit, as my lord ambasadour will schaw yowr grace. My lord hes wreittyn to the kyngis grace, my lord constable, and to my lordis duk of Omall and cardinall off Gwys, quhilk ar bot generall writyngis off creditt: ther is na mention off ony besynes. Yowr grace will do in that behalf as ye th[{i{]nk best, asswrand yowr grace my lord may do na mair for the contentacioune of [{yowr{] grace service nor he dois, as the end will schaw. I will [{nocht{] cummyr yowr grace with langar wreittyng, desyrand yowr grace hwmily to estyme me as yowr grace hwmyll and pwre servitour; prayand God preser yowr grace eternaly. At Jegbrwcht, be the hand off yowr grace mast hwmyll and maist obedient servitour CAITHNES. [\Endorsed:\] (\M.\) de Catenes.

[} [\CCXVII\] }] [} [\ALEXANDER GORDON TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\(c. September 1549?).\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Madame, efter my maist hwmyll commendacioune of service I hawe send ane servand to await on yowr grace serwand, lord of Fynletter, for the wreittyngis yowr grace

ples send to the quenis grace yowr grace dochtyr, and wtheris as yowr grace thynkkis cawis. I hawe deliverit yowr grace writyngis to the lord of Downe. Madame, as to the lord of Finletterris besynes, I hawe broycht to ane gwd end that my lord my brother hes assurrit me to aggre with hym at his retwrnyng heir, quhilk trewly, madame, wer ane meretable thyng to help, and to the greit weill of our pwre hws, and to seis the scandell. And, fordar, as to my part I sall, God willyng, mereitte to be estymit ane of yowr gracis hartly servitoris: referrand the rest to yowr grace plesour and command, quhame God preserve. Be the hand of yowr grace Maist hwmyll and maist obed[{i{]ent servitor CAITHNES. [\Endorsed:\] Cattenes. [} [\CCXVIII\] }] [} [\ALEXANDER GORDON TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Dumbarton, Tuesday (8th October 1549).\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Madame, efter hartlye commendacione of himyll service ples witt I come to Dumbartane this Monunday to the schyp, quhilk as I can persaive will nocht be reddy to mak saill this sex dayis; q[{u{]harfor gyff yowr grace pleis

command me ony uthyr service in the myn tyme yowr grace wyll fynd me in Dumbertane. Fordar, efferris to your grace nobill mynd and plesour. At Dunbertrane this Twysday, be the hand off Yowr grace maist h[{u{]myll and obedient servitour CAITHNES. [\Endorsed:\] (\Monr.\) Alexandre Gordon. [} [\CCXIX\] }] [} [\ALEXANDER GORDON TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Dumbarton, 8th October (1549).\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Madame, efter maist hwmyll commendacione off service ples yowr grace witt I deliverit yowr grace wreittyngis to my lord governour and culd be nay way get his wreittyngis to the kyngis grace, albeit I maid thaim in dew forme or my departyng off Edynbrwcht. And fordar, becais he suld hawe na suspicion, I opinit yowr grace wreittyngis and cawsit the byscoip of Galloway reid the samin, quhilk culd nocht help; bot he desirit me abyd my lord of Sanctandrois cumyng, quhilk I mycht nocht do, and swa I gat na wreittyngis bot ane to my lord govern[{ou{]ris sone and ane udyr to Miwlyns. At my cummyng to this tone I fand the kyngis schyp departit viij dayis or my arrewyng, yit as plesit God, sche wes pwt bakwart be storme off weddyr, and becais I fand ane contrariws wynd I send ane serwand bakwart to Hwmyltone with ane

wreittyng to my lord of Sanctandrois, quhairof I hawe send the copy to yowr grace serwand, master Walter Kyr, to schaw yowr grace. I send yowr grace ane cyphyr quhilk I deliverit to yowr grace secretair. I hawe wreittyn at lyntht to my lordis Hwntly and Argill, and dowttis nocht bot yowr grace sall fynd tham effekit to the # contentacione of yowr grace only. And efter my cummyng to France sall labour and obtyn wreittyngis of the kyng yowr grace brethyr and my lord constabill with the report that I sall mak my self that thay salbe spwrrit sic sort to serwe that the affarris and cummerris salbe fordair releyffit of yowr grace nor affoir. Madame, I can nocht gyf yowr grace sufficient thankkis, nor merite be my service yowr grace gwd mynd and help towart me. Allwayis will asswre yowr grace that the pwre witt and mynd God hes gyfin me sall be vigilent to that thyng that I can estyme to be fordest to yowr grace plesour and will by the rest of the wardill; and, God willyng, yowr grace sall hawe fordar experriance. I haid nocht gottin yowr grace wreittyngis to the quyn yowr grace dochtyr and soverane nor the Scoittis lordis at the makkyn of this present. I fynd this cuntray folkis makand diligence to the ost

at my cumyng to this tone. Ther cowme ane greitt bill of complantt to the capitane of Dumbartane of the spwlzeing of the Ill of Cumray, quhilk partenis to the rewenew of the castell, done be marinoris of the kyngis schyp; and thay twk in this towne foir or fyf Bretonis that thay allegit wes at the samen faitt, and pwt tham in [{the{] castell. Allwayis I lowsit tham on souerty and sall do diligence to apleis the capitane to the satisfactione of baytht the partis, and sall tak ane serwand of the capitanis with me in the schyp and pwt the best ordour therto we may. Alwayis ther wes sckaytht done, bot nocht sa greitt as thay mak the brwt. The capitane at my desir relyf [\sic\] tham owt of the castell and schew hym gwd in the mater; bot I said sa far in the mater that I beleyf he sall be laytht in tymis cumyng to mell with Frencemen in that maneir. I refer the rest to that thyng yowr grace ples command. Wreityn at Dumbertane, the viij day of October be the hand off Yowr grace maist hw[{m{]yll and obedient servitour CATHNES. [\Endorsed:\] Levesque de Cattenes.

[} [\CCXXI\] }] [} [\ALEXANDER GORDON TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Cumbrae. On board ship, 10th October (1549).\] TO THE QWENIS GRACE. Madame, efter our schyp wes ondyr sell I rasawit this present fra my lord my brother, quhowme I fynd hartlye mynddit to do yowr grace trew service. He desiris me be at yowr grace command as rasone is - quhilk I will newyr refws quhill I may lest - and be reddy to do my lord governour plesour, thocht trewly, Madame, I have bene bot sobyrly regardit at this tyme and man hawe patience. I se na help bot be yowr grace and hoppis na udyr; quhilk, gyf God ples, I sall mereitt efter my pwer p[{o{]war with humyll service, and is glad to[{b{]e nottit as yowr grace only pwre servitour, for at the lyst my lord governour will be gwd to me efterwart for yowr grace saik. Thus will I nocht pwt yowr grace to fordir cummyr, bot sall trewly imploy my pwre witt to do yowr grace service, referrand the rest to yowr grace commandement. Pray[{a{]nd God, Madame, efter my mest hwmyll commendatione of service, preser yowr nobill grace eternaly. Wreittyn at Cummray onder sell, the x day of October be the hand of Yowr grace rycht hwmyll and rycht o[{bey{]sant servis [\sic\] CAITHNES. I gat na answer fra yowr grace at the makkyn of this present.

[} [\CCLVII\] }] [} [\ALEXANDER GORDON TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Inchaffray, 24th June 1554.\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Madame, pleis your grace sen my hamecuming I have veseit my comptis put in ordour be my servandis or thay lyik as I gaif charge at departing; and findis me, quhowbeit I had rady payment of the four thousand merkis your grace obligatioun bearis, sofar superspendit be interesse of schifting silver to interteine meself and sending to Rome for thir Iles, by sum auld debtis, that I couth

nocht have iii=c= merkis to the gud. Madame, I belevit upon ane promis of my chanonis to have had sum releif of thir chargis be setting of ane few, quharin I am frustrat, for they will consent tharto in na sort quhowbeit it be to na hurt nother of the place nor tennentis. I am instantlie sa handlit that I wait nocht quhair to turn me except your grace preif the gud maistres at this tyme as ye have evir done hitherto: quhilk salbe in ane reasonable and easy maner to your grace as I have chargit this present berar to schaw your grace at mair lenth, quhairto it will pleis your grace gif credence and ane answer, for your grace may be well assurit that it is extreim necessite causis me to molest your grace at this tyme. Thus prayis thalmychtie God, Madame, efter my maist humil and maist obedient commendatioun of humil service, to preserve your grace eternalie. At Inchaiffray, the xxiiij day day of Junij 1554. Your grace maist hwmyll and maist obedient servitour A. GORDON.

[} [\CLI\] }] [} [\ALEXANDER GORDON TO THE EARL OF HUNTLY\] }] [\Stirling, 18th January (1547-8).\] TO MY LORD. My lord, efter himyll commendacione off service pleis witt I wreitt to yowr lordschip owt off Bretainzze affoir, and sen my cummyng in this realm I haid nocht the oportunite to wreitt quhill now, and yit dar nocht be plane in this wreittyng, becais I feir it haippin in vrang handdis. Bot yowr lordschip salbe assurit, with owt it be that thyng that God will nocht permit, this realme wilbe debaittit to the owtraist quhill we may lest: quh[{i{]lk is concludit, and we have all reddy sic moyance bayth off force off men off wyr strangerreris and mony with all wthyris munitiones necessaires; and planely, my lord, or we be swa cruelly owrthrawin in this maneir we will randyr to the Twrk rathyr nor to be onrewangit. All christyn prenccis dispiccis this fasson off wyr that is to slay nobill men efter thay be randeritt, and thay that ar presonerris will nocht put thame to ransome. Thocht

the wysdome off Ingland be extemit greitt, thay gane nocht the rycht way to mak unuon off thyr twa realmis. Gyf thay thynk to hawe hartlynes, thay suld traist ws moir tendyrly. For as twychand your lordschip quhilkis is now in [{thar{] handdis, plesit thay condisand on ane ransone and pleggis beand laid therfor, I waitt yowr lordschip mycht do mair for the commond weill off bayth thyr realmis nor ever ye sall or may to byd thar presoneir; bot gyff thay will nocht, far les may we lyppin efter kyndnes quhen thay wer masterris: for thay may will consyddyr it can nocht be yowr lordschip only pwysance quhilk may mak this realm tharis, bot mekle mair yowr laboris and pwyssance wer ye beand present, considerane the samen to be to our commone will. Thayfor gyf it be swa that thay will be na maneir off vay consent to yowr lordschip releyff, as yowr lordschip thoycht it necessaire I wald gladly haweand ane pasport to cum and gayne cum to yowr [{lordschip{], prayand yowr lordschip all wayis advertis me quhat yowr will pleis command me in all behalffis. I hawe wreittyn to my lady synry tymis sen my cummyng haym and sall ryd haym effter this woyage off Dunde quhar I traist in God your lordschip sall hyr off scharp neippyng. Fordar refferris to yowr lordschip as yowr lordschip hes oportunite, prayand yowr lordschip tak this adversite in patience. I trast in God the Lord, and all hald fowrt yowr lordschip sall have hesty releyff, quham conser yowr lordschip in sawlle and body. Writyn at Styrueling, the xviij day of Januar be the hand off yowr lordschip brother and hartlye servitour CAITHNES. [\Endorsed:\] (\M=e=\) Alexandre Gordon.

[} [\CCXX\] }] [} [\ALEXANDER GORDON: COPY OF A LETTER TO ARCHBISHOP HAMILTON\] }] [\(Greenock, c. 8th October 1549).\] TO BE SCHAWIN TO THE QUENIS GRACE. My lord, pleis your lordschip I optenit my depesche of the quein, quhilk I exped with the grater deligens for to

haif mair suir passaige with the kingis schipe, quhilk I haif ourtakin be chance, for scho wes departit, bot this contrarius storme hes put hir abak to Grenok quhair scho abydis the wynd and will tary on na man efter the wynd serve hir. War nocht that, I suld haif returnit my self to your lordschip. Therfor gyff my lord or ye wretis, prayes [{your{] lordship mak the grater deligens. And conforme to the quenis grace writtingis send with me I causit hir secreter dyt thir uther writtingis to be subscrivit be my lord, and, forther, oppinnit the quenis writting and leit my lord of Galloway se the samin: beseikand your lordschip humilye, gyff thir be nocht maid as efferis - be ressoun my lord of Galloway plengzeit apon the ortographye of thaim, quhilk wes the falt of Jakis, your lordschip servant quha wret thame, - to gar mak utheris as ye pleis, with quhat uther service my lord or your lordschip pless command me. My hoipe wes that his grace wald haif done me that honour by all generall effaris. All haif gewin me sum speciall credet for divers utheris resp[{e{]ctis, thocht I be nocht worthy therfor. It is difficil to his grace or your lordschip to knaw ony mannis service quhill experience be had therof. Always quhill his grace be myndit therto, sall mereit his gud mynd with humile service as ony sall in this realme of my powar and estait. Praying God, my lord . . . [\Endorsed:\] The coppy of my lord governouris writting.

[} [\II\] }] [} [\LORD MAXWELL TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Carlisle, 4th March (1542-3).\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Madame in the moist humyll commendatioun of my service it will ples your grace that I convoyit your gracis servant Anatint to Carlell and thair the warden send his sone wyth hym onto the kingis grace of Ingland; and ilikwis your wther servand Otinze come to Carlell and the warden causit ane servand of his to pas and conwoye him to the duke of Suffolk in New cassell, and howe sone as I have libertie to pas oute of Ingland I salbe at your grace in all haist; and almychtye God have your grace in keiping eternalie. At Carlell, this fourth of Marche. Your gracis maist laulie servand MAXWELL.

[} [\XL\] }] [} [\MAXWELL TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Edinburgh Castle (December 1543).\] Madame, plesit your grace to be remembrit how I am heir haldin in ward in the castell of Edinburcht at command of my lord governour and hes remanyt heir this lang

tyme for quhat caus I knaw nocht, and now, Madame, the tyme of parliament is now present, and gif I have committit ony faltis I am content glaidly to underly the sensament therof and gif I be culpable to [{be{] punissit, and utheris wayis gif I be innocent. I beseik your grace for the service that I haif done to yow and sall do at my power all my lif, that your grace will speik to my lord governour and lordis of oure soverane ladyis counsale that I may be putt to fredome and restorit to my fame and to that effect I haif gevin in ane byll at mair lenth to my lord governour and lordis of counsale, praying your grace to caus reid the samyn with ane deliverance therupoun according to resoun, for I think werray hevy to be abstractit fra making of gude service to our soverane lady your dochter and hir realme and specialie at sik tymes as this. And almychti God to keip your grace eternaly. Be your graces maist laulie servand MAXWELL. [} [\XLI\] }] [} [\MAXWELL TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Edinburgh, 25th December (1543).\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Mademe, eftir humill commendatioun of my maist lawly service thankand your grace of the laubouris it plesit your grace to tak for me your servand for my releif out of this ward and presone I am in quhen your grace was last in this toun of Edinburgh, and with the grace of God your grace sall nocht laubour for me for na shamefull caus. How beit it hais plesit my lord governour be wrang informatioun to put me in captivite as knawis

your grace, I wald besik your grace as I haif done afore that ye will stand my maist gracious lady in the helpin of me to my releif that I may serf the quenis grace our soverane lady your grace and hir realm quham I haif servit trewly and evir sall do induring my lif: and forthir I pray God conserf your grace eternaly. At Edinburght this yuill day at ewin Be your gracis maist lawly servand MAXWELL.

[} [\XLIII\] }] [} [\MAXWELL TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Callander, 1st January (1543-4).\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE Quharfore I wald beseik your grace . . . that it wald pleis # your grace to mak my lord governour and the laif of the lordis nou being with your grace to that effect [\i.e. to restore him to liberty\] and geif thai tak ony suspicioun of me that I will nocht be the man to serf our soverane lady hir realm and yow als trewly as sall ony u[{ther{] gentilman of Scotland, I pray your grace to be sa gu[{d and{] gracious lady to me that ye will tak it apon yow that I sall be the samyn man and I promis yow be my fayth geif it cumis to ony punct of scharpnes your grace sall fynd me the samyn: and gef thai wald postpone this tyme and nocht put me to my liberty to the intent foresaid I will nocht desyre your grace to laubour mair eftirvart be me, bot thankis your grace humely of it that ye haif done and sall byde till God send me bettir fortoun; and Jhesu to preserf your grace evermair. In the castell of Calendar this new yeir day Be your gracis maist lawly servand MAXWELL.

[} [\LVI\] }] [} [\MAXWELL TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Hamilton, 21st April (1544).\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Mydame, plesit your grace I rasavit your gracis writyne this xx day of Aprile. I thank your grace that hes writyne to my lord governour in my fawyr, and als sayand me in your gracis writyne that ye will be my gud and gracius lady sa that I be trew and serff the quenis grace your dochter and the autorite lyke as I haiff promist to your grace and your grace hes promist the samyn in my name. Mydame, or your grace faund it utherwaiis nor

sa or ony lewand man mycht mak it gude, I had lever do the maist wile deid in this warld ; for and I haiff done utherwaiis nor I haiff promist to your grace I will haiff na uther ponitione bot deid. Mydame, thar will na man sa utherwais as I beleiff for I had na thocht that tyme I was put heir bot to serwit [\sic\] my lord governour the quenis autori[{t{]e aganis ony man that wald asorpit aganis the same, quhilk I sall be ay rady to wair my liff in that caus. Your grace knaws quhat pount I am at and alswa sall clerlie onderstand that I haiff maid na faill and hes na uther to do for me; bot quhat your grace will do to me I am hartlie content of the samyn. And fardar my wiff hes schawyn your graces mynd quhow your grace standis to me quhar of I hwmilie thankis your grace; prayand almychty God to be your kepar ever mair. At the castell of Hamiltone this xxi day of Ap[{ri{]le be Your gracis maist lawly serwand MAXWELL.

[} [\CCXXXIV\] }] [} [\MAXWELL TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Jedburgh, 27th February (1550-1).\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. (\A LA ROYNE DESCOSSE.\) Plesit your grace to be advertist, efter my cuming to Scotland I raid to Jedburghe quhair I fande my lord governor at the Justice airis accumpanit with munsur Dosee and aparte of the Franche men: quhair thay tuik greit pane to pute ane guid ordour in the country, the quhilk wilbe done lik as I traist your grace salbe contentit with. Gife it lik your grace, at my cuming heir I harde ane sclanderus bruit how thair vas to cum this somer in Scotland ane greit nomer of men of were, and as swm metientis did juge, to prevein the tyme of the governouris office afore the quenis cuming to perfite age. Wpon this bruit I t[{h{]ocht it neidfull to breik with my

lord governour gife he harde ony thing of this sclander or gawe ony credit thairto. His answire vas: I knew the natoure of the maist parte of the Scottis men vas to juge efter thair awne fantaseis, bot as to him he regardit nor gave credit to na sik thing, for he dowtid nocht bot the kingis maje[{s{]te and your grace vald keip in all sortis according to your promis and appoyntment, lik as he sulde do for his parte. Morover he schew me the king hade exsperience afore of his doingis touart his grace, and he vas myndit to proseid safwrthe that the king and ye baith sulde have ever the langer the better oppenyon in him. I assourit his grace of my puir life and honour it vas the best to proseid in that sorte of guidnes, for thair vas nathing menit to him ther bot ane verry treuthe, and your grace to be his ernist freind lik as he valde finde be deidis. I knawe of na newe novationis to advertis your grace of, for this realme is in guid quhietnes. As to my awne part ye sall fynde me of the awlde maner redy to do your grace service at the wtermost of my lytill power. In the meintyme gif it chance that munsere Dosee or ony of the kingis frindis have to do heir thay sall fynde me redy to do service or pleswre, for I dowte nochte bot your grace wilbe contentid thair with. Thus I beseik God to gewe you lang guid helthe. Fra Jedburghe, the panulte of Fabruerij. Your graces with lawly service MAXWELL.

[} [\CCXXXVIII\] }] [} [\MAXWELL TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\14th June (1551).\] Plesit your grace to be advertist, the maister of Erskine hes schawne me at his departing from your grace ye delyverit him xij hunder frankis,the quhilk ye appontid

to gewe me. Moreover he schew me ye had providit me sekirnes of viij=c= frankis mair, swa my ... attait suld be twa =M= frankis, and I to be ane of the gentilmen in the [{ki{]ngis chalmer - the quhilk rowme I think me mair adettid to serve [{the{] king and you for, nor ye hade providit me thre =M= frankis vithout [{the{] office. I have occatioun to say I have servit ane trew and constant lady and knawis I am not able to recompence your guidnes. Nottheles I salbe redy to serve at the utermost of my lytell power quhair it sall pleis the king or you to command me, and sall think my selfe the mair happy gif I be callit therto, for I sall reserwe nathing to my parte bot only my allagence to the quene my soverane your gracis dochtir. Thair is litill occatioun of newis to advertis your grace of in thir partis.... (\Monsieur\) Lausake will schawe you the proceding with the commesioneris [{of{] Ingland, quha as I beleve h[{as?{] ... the dowble of the contrauct to ... ffiote[{?{] He was ane of the commesioneris for the part of Scotland him selfe, [{and u?{]sit him therin vary honestly, alsweill towart the service of the kinge [{as th{]e veill of this # country. Madame, I persave by your gracis litter [{Georg{]e Dowglas hes informit your grace that I have persewit the thrid part of the erle of Mortounis landis by resoun my vife is ane of his aris, and that your grace is nocht contentid

therwith becaus the said Gorge is now in your gracis service. I have done nathing in that mater at this present bot as stande with the plesure of his brothir and his awne soun as thay schew me, for thay wer baithe present at the serving of my wiffis breiffis as ane of the thre airis to the erle of Mortoun. I have acclamit na landis albeit I traist my wife hes rycht to the thrid part of the erldom of Mortoun and I am myndit to persew it safer as may stand withe justice at your gracis cumin in this cowntry, and nocht to waill na tyme in Gorgis absence; for I dowte not that I have deservit ony wther to your grace bot ye will forder me in my.... Thus I besyche God to presarve you in guid [{heill, and to ?{] forder yowr jwrnay swne in Scotland ... this xiiij of June Your gracis hw ...

[} [\XCIX\] }] [} [\ROBERT MAXWELL TO THE GOVERNOR\] }] [\Dumfries, 5th (May 1545).\] TO MY LORD GOWRNOUR. My lord, efftir all humill commendation wnto your grace [{pleis you?{] to be advertissit that efftir my departing off Edimburcht [{fra?{] your grace or I com to thir west bordouris the erell off Leonax wyth lord Quhartom, warden,

war departit at the poist to London; and thareffter the hale cuntreth off this west wardanry off Ingland hes daly thir x or xii days last bipast preparit and maid redy all thair wittalis and hes brocht the samyn, sic as quheit ry malt, to Carlell and is daly makin wyth all expedition alle bere breid and furnissing that is in thair possibilte. And as I can be advertissit or gett knaulege furth off Ingland thai ar to inwaid thir partis off this west bordour wyth ane gret army ... wter distruction and that wythin x or xij days. [{Thar{]fore I pray your grace that I may have part [{of artill{]yery and puldir for keping off thir houssis ... certane gunnaris furnist, for wythout [{fail we?{] will be inwadit. And als that your grace ... the xx=ti= gunnaris that is in the towin off ... be anssuerit and payt off thair last monethis [{wages?{] last bipast quhilk I have payt on my auin: and a[{ls{] that your grace wald caus the hale realm nixt adjacent to be in redines to supple ws incace off gret invasion at thir partis; and we off this cuntreth salbe, wyth Goddis grace, in redines to supple ony wthir part that sall happin to be inwadit, efftir your graceis advertissment: and that your grace wald nocht forgett thir promissis becaus it concernis the hale commoun weile off this realm: and, wyth the grace off God, your artalzery puldir and gunnaris salbe wele warit, qua [{preserve{] your grace evirmare. Off Dumfres this fyfth day off ... be your gracis servitour ROBERT MAXWELL.

[} [\XCIII\] }] [} [\METHVEN TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\25th November (1544).\] TO THE QUENIS GRAICE. Madame, pleis your grace To remembir my service don unto out soverane lord your umquhill deirest spous quhar of his graice had # consideratioun and myndit to have rewardit me giv his graice had convelessit. Madem, pleis your grace to remembir my service consernyng our soverane lady your deirest dochtir in stopping the transporting. Secundlie, the stopping of effusion of blud that apperit to be betuex the lordis and utheris barronis and leigis. Thridlie, how my lord governour com unto your graice and sen that tym has ussit him be your graice and counsall beand wyth you than chossin. Madam, in all the poyntis forsaid and mone utheris concernyng the commone weill I haif at all tymmis don my haill cuer, quharfor I sustenit greit exspenssis throw the quhilk I am greitly superexspendit. Madem, I informyt your grace befoir alsweill how my leving was of small importance yerly, and that my confidence was your grace suld at gud tym mak me help of mone for recovering of my superexspenssis maid in maner forsaid, and als sum yerly help quhar throw I mycht the bettir await apon your graice service. Madem, this my rememberance of service and report maid unto your grace pleis except in gud sort as of your maist humell and

obedient lawly servitor wyth haill power sa lang as lif induris; na les thinkand than be your gud graice humanite your honor and consideratioun my help in maner forsaid to be fynellie adressit, quhilkis beand, I sall do sic service unto our soverane lady your grace and realm that nayn of my power sall do bettir. Forthar, pleis your [{graice{] your servitour, this berar, will mak informatioun of caus quhy I com nocht presentlie unto your grace to await apon your graice service. The eternell God haif your graice in his evirlesting governament. Writin this xxv day of November be your grace maist hummill servitour LORD METHVEN. Madem, pleis your graice I hald your servant my brothir Allexander, this berrar, belevand to haif cummyn my self unto your grace, besekand your grace to pardoin hym.

[} [\XCVIII\] }] [} [\METHVEN TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Sunday (April 1545?).\] TO THE QUENIS GUD GRAICE. Pleis your gud graice. I purposit till have awaytit apon your graice service at this tyme of conventioun war nocht impediment, quhilkis your graice servitour Allexander my brothir will schaw your grace. Madem, your graice is prinsipall mediatrix to lawbour concord betuix all lordis and greit men that cummis to this conventioun and to solist tham to mak unyte and concord wythin all thar boundis, ilk an for thar awn part, and in speciall my lord of Huntle and my lord af Argaill,

and to solist tham and every uther lord and greit barroun to caus ces all opressiounnis; and your graice and all my lordis to recounsall in tendir maner all greit gentilmen that be innorance is of ill mynd towartis haly kirk, becaus it is now dowtsum to punes be the law as the sammyn requiris. Madem, gif the varyance betuix my lord Ruthven, Crage and Muncref on the tan part, and the lord Gray, Jhon Charteris, and Kilfawnis mycht be reconsalit, it war an principall thing to unite thir partis. The eternell God conserf your grace. Writin this Sunday be your grace maist hummill servitor LORD METHVEN. [\Endorsed:\] M. de Metfan.

[} [\C\] }] [} [\(METHVEN) TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Perth, 6th May (1545).\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Madam, eftyr maist humble commendacioune of my service [{unto your grace{] thyis is to advertis your grace

that I haif spokyn this ... man quhylk is laytlye cumin out of Yngland ... cuntre als fer as Doncastell quhar he saw ... the makyng of thare mostrys and the men all [{furneisyt to?{] cum fordwartis to the bordoris. The mony and thesawrar is cum fra [{?{] Donkcastell to pay the wageouris, and this is the maner of thar ordore as he sayis. Thar cumis xl=m= men be land to the est bordour and als mony to the west bordoure, and then thosand men be se to land quhar thai thynk best apon the est hand and othir x=m= wyth the erll of Lenoxe quhylk sall land other at Dumbertan or in Argyll as thai thynk best; and baythe thir armys, as thai purpos, sall june togyddyr and meit at Sterlyng. Thar is of this forsaid army to the nomyr of xvj=m= lansknychtis, Ytaleanis and Spanyardis. Thar is gryt prowysyon makand in Carleill to rasaif the army at cummis in at that bordoure. All the quhyt and malt of Cummarland, Westmurland and Kendell is cumand as fast as hors ma cary it to Carleill. And abufe lx of myllaris, ... mony wrychyttis and fleggearis to dres arrowys and bow[{is ar{] cumin thar wythin thir vj dayis. Nocht wythstand[{ing of ther pre{]mysys [{?{] thai ar begone to cast ane gryt fo[{ussay about the?{] thown of Carleill and makis ane plat for [{reparation?{] of the setadell. Thay haif ane profecy that the [{town?{] of Carleill and castell salbe won bot nocht the setadell, and therfor thai mak all the strenthe thai can to keipe the samyn. As anent the pece at your grace hard tell suld haif bene tane for iij

monethys betuix France and Yngland be the empryouris cast, all that is bot falset and collusyon tyll abus the kyng of France, to hald abak the kyng of Francys helpe fra Scotland ondyr hope of aggreance quhyll thar army ma be rady to cum apon Scotland. And quhom be I haif this word your grace sall knawe at my cumin to yow and other thyngis quhylkis I wyll nocht wryt at this tym; praying God to conserfe your grace. At Perth, the vj day of Maye be Your ... [\LORD METHVEN\]

[} [\CII\] }] [} [\METHVEN TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Methven, 28th May (1545?).\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Madame pleis your grace It is writin to me how your grace hes gottin the eschete of William Edmistoun quhilk is veray proffetable unto your grace becaus all enteres and clame that William Edmistoun allegit to have of your grace is now indowtit youris: maist hummelie beseking your grace, nocht withstanding ony laubouris of our contray partiis, that thair be na part therof disponit to thame bot at all the samyn remane haill in your grace handis, quhilkis doand is your grace honour and proffett; and als your grace may the mair esely help your servitouris, my brutheris wyff and bairnis.

Becaus of les pane to your grace of lang wryting, pleis to heir your grace servitour maister William Steward to informe and remember your grace heirupon. Madame, it will pleis your grace to do for the deliverans of your servitour my bruther gif he may [{be?{] had ony way without promit of favouris to our parti, for and I wer in his place I suld tak aventur of lyff and deid or the party had ony releiff uther wayis than the rigour of justice. Madame, we your grace hummele servitouris hes suir confidence in your grace concernyng the premiss and all uther ressoneble efferis. The eternall God conserve your grace. Of Methwen, this xxviii day of May instant be your grace maist humell servitour LORD METHVEN. Madame, pleis your grace, that all thingis parteinand to my bruther sone of rycht, that your grace will keip the samyn in your handis and na part therof to be disponit to na uther persoun mair nor till our partiis. [\Endorsed:\] M. de Metfan.

[} [\CXLIX\] }] [} [\METHVEN TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Perth, 31st December (1547).\] TO THE QUENIS GRAICE. Madem, pleis your graice to be advertisit and rememberit that befoir the asseg foirst of Sanctandrois my lord

governour was informit that the personis haldaris therof wald maik appoyntment and gif our the samyn how son my lord governour com to the samyn. Alsua my lord was informit that the castell mycht haif beyn won be force of the sobir arttalzerij that was brocht to it. The poyntment com nocht to effect, nor yet the castell gottin, and greit tyme tynt and expensis inlykwys, and the personis wyth haldaris of mair curage to perseveir in tharis hei contentemtioun [\sic\] , and was greit occasioun to nuris and fortife thar intelligens wyth Inglismen and was greit confort to all thair fauvoraris and greit dispair till gud trew leigis, and in a part nocht honorabill that my lord governour suld depart but his intent. And thair efter quhen the sam casteill was ordourlie persewit, culd na way be defendit be the wyth haldarris and in maist honorabill sort was had and schortlie don. Madem, the asseg of Bruchtie procedit of lycht report: as informatioun maid to my lord governour that gif his gracie wald cum to it and bring the cunterfeit of arttalzerij Bruchty wald be gevin to him, and the dereck contrar was fwnd in deid and my lord constarnit to want his intent and to depart, quhilkis has caussit the Inglis be heycht and to get new support and mak of new mair strang fortifeying of Bruchty and do nychtlie greit troublis and skaythis be fyr heirschippis ravising of wemen borning of abbayis and halding of the legis in conte[{n{]wall lawbouris exspenss and feyr; and traistis that sen first my lord governour gat nocht the hous be asseig that now be my lord lyutenent it sall nocht be asseigit be fors of arttalzery bot salbe deffendit, and inlykwis intendis to haif the toun of Dunde hastile sa strynthe [\sic\] that tha ma defend the samyn. Pleis your graice to consider all the poyntis abon writin;

the harmis sustenit therthro and yet nocht remeiddit; and how the Inglis is an thousand men of ordinance hakbutteris and peikkis, and of greit arttalzerij substantiousle providit; and how this nobill man has excepit this lyiutenandry allanerlie for the recover [{of{] Bruchty and Dunde pesefeing of the legis and ministratioun of justic, quhilkis he intendis to do wyth all possibilite: and heirffor that your graic be your greit wisdom pleis to caus all thingis concerning the asseg of Bruchty, as greit arttalzerij puderis bullattis gunnarris and hagbutterris and uther men of weir and peonarris be larglie furnest, and abon in all sortis rather nor under. Madem, of necessite is requirit part of the cappidennis that is cum out of France quhilkis has intelligens of ordour of men on the feildis; alsua is to be had of the cappidens that has best intelligens to asseg and ordouring arttalzerij and that can mak the samyn to be weill and perfitlie ussit. Pleis your graice, for surty I traist and this purpos exceppit be my lord Argaill be substa[{n{]tiousle providit, the hous and toun sall nocht faill to be gotten and the legis put to quiatnes and the Inglis utirle repulsit fra thir partis. And be the contrair, gif this substantious help and provisioun be nocht speid delygentlie heyr, sall nocht be possibill that my lord Argaill and the remenent heyr ma do his purpos quharfor he cum in thir partis, bot man heyr of ennymis daly tryumphe and ma nocht put remeid therto, quhilkis salbe mayr discurag to all the legis than befor, and occacioun to Ingland to perseveyr in thar contenwaill suppley sending to thaim, and causing the

legis in thir partis to dispar and apoynt wyth tham and to delyver tham ma strynthis. Besekand your graice now to schaw your wisdom as your graice has ay don, for all is weilwilling heyr: and tak tym quhill tym is oportun. The langer our ennymeis be contenwat the starkar ar thai, and salbe the grettar fors that sall repuss tham and put tham away. Madem, becaus I ma nocht gudly tak sa greit payn as in tymes past I haif ben at all tymmis humelle to writ unto your graice the best I can, and now presently writtis of verrite efter my understanding. The eternell God conserve your grace. Of Pertht this last of December be your graice maist humill servitour LORD METHVEN.

[} [\CLXVI\] }] [} [\METHVEN TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Methven, 8th May (1548).\] TO THE QUENNIS GRAICE Madem, pleis your graice the erll of Huntlie has dissirit the erll of Sothirland to cum to Ingland and speik wyth him; quhar of the erll of Sothirland is rycht displessit and will nocht pas nor will haif na traist nor intelligens wyth Ingland. He will nocht schaw this playnlie to ony person uther than to your graice. Alsua I wait he is and wilbe your graice servand and do his haill power to the wele of our soverane lady and the common weill of this realm, and will nocht be brokin therfra. Herfor your graice suld do for him and now anent his takkis, quhilkis is bot an small mater in respect of the service he ma do, that your graice wilbe speciall pryncis mastres to him and that he ma fynd your graice do the samyn; quhilkis your graice gettand to him, I sall adres efterwart all thingis to your graice intent; - and the may[{r{] greit men the bettyr. I haif nocht schawin him ony thing pertenand sacret nor will nocht quhill I spek first wyth your graice, bot I sall, will God, thar efter do all as your graice wald. Ples your graice that nayne se this writing

bot your self; and almychty God keip your grace. Of Methven, this viij day of May be your grace maist humell and obedient servitour HENRY LORD METHVEN. [\Endorsed:\] M. de Meftan.

[} [\CLXIX\] }] [} [\METHVEN TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Cupar, 22nd May (1548).\] TO THE QUENIS GRAICE. Madem, efter all hummill commendatioun of service ples your graice I resavit your graice writing fra master William Steward this xxij day of May. I sall do the best I can to consall the erll of Sotherland ws him wysle and alwayis to your graice plesour: - and siclyk all utheris that I ma one way haif creditt to sa unto, wyth all service I ma possibill evir. And ferther, ples your graice to thir effectis to gif credens to master William Steward; and the eternell God conserve your grace. Of Couper this day be youris grace maist humell and obedient servitour HENRY LORD METHVEN. [\Endorsed:\] M. de Meffan. [} [\CLXX\] }] [} [\METHVEN TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Methven, 1st June (1548).\] TO THE QUENNIS GRACE. Madem, eftir all hummill service pleis your graice I haif spokin wyth the erll of Sotherland your graice trew

servitour, and he has promyttit to do his utir delygens in thay partis for gud rewill and concord, and to caus all the folkis be in armour and wappines and to sarve the auttorite. And he has sic confidens in your graice that he belevis na person sall get the takkis of Mwrray uther than him self, and sen your graice has evir ussit greit wisdom and don evir for the commoun weill persever; and trewille, madem, I assur your graice it is mair the commoun weill your graice dispon thay takkis to the erll of Sotherland nor till ony utheris. And howbeit he be my gud son, I writ to your graice the best for the weill of tha cuntrayis and weill of your graice honour and service. Madem, as to my lord of Argaill I traist ther is nayn in this realm that is sa greitlie gevin to sarve your graice and my lord governour trewille and substantiouslie, quhilk wilbe understand perfitle to your grace. I am gudle informyt that he spairis nother landis nor guddis to draw all the legis in all partis to concord and to be abill to cum to the army, as ferther my lord of Cowper your graice rycht trew servitour wil mayr largele inform your grace; and inlyk wys of all utheris thingis in thir partis. Quhat service I can or may is evir at command

of your graice. Of Methven, this first of Junij. The eternell God conserve your grace evyrmair. be your grace mast humill and obedient servitour HENRY LORD METHVEN. [\Endorsed:\] M. de Meffan.

[} [\CLXXII\] }] [} [\METHVEN TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Methven, 3rd June (1548).\] TO THE QUENNIS GRACE. Madem, eftir all hummill service pleis your graice I have promittit to your graice service trewille quhilkis I

think to kep, and to that effect sall evir be playn your graice efter my understanding. I haif freyndis in all partis in this realm, at quhom I haif maid delygent lawbouris to haif intelligens quhat is the caus that Inglis men is fawvorit and the auttorite nocht obeyit nor servit. I fynd ther is sum prynsipall thingis quhilkis is the caussis. In the first, part of the legis has tayn new # apoynzionis of the scriptour and has don agan the law and ordinance of haly kirk. Secundlie, utheris the legis has for feyr - tham on bordouris and dry merchis, and utheris apon the schoirris of the sey or burrows apon the se of this realm - for safty of tham, thar wyf barnis and guddis has fawvorit and beyn famylliar and assistit to Inglis. Thridly, otheris of the legis has throw insolence and regard of particular prophet has assistit and tayn part wyth Inglis. Ferdly, utheris the legis has apon leis understanding and inprudentlie tayn consait that thai mycht leif at mair quyatnes and justice under the Inglis nor our awn natioun. And becaus thir sort of personis is an greit nombyr thai think and this realm cum till an stabill way, thay and ilk an off tham wilbe pwnest according to justice; and till eschew and pwt by justice tha think mair souer is to tham that this realm be nevir at perfit hwnyte nor at perfit justice, for dreddour of thair pwnissioun. And for remeid herof, and to caus all thir personis to be of luf trewilly to sarve the attorite and be faithfull subjectis and obydyent, your graice to remembir how the kingis graice, quhom God assolze, your spous, seand the greit men and uther the legis standand in feyr of justice for falttis and crymmis don in his mynorite, gaif tham ane fre remessioun be ane act of parlyament; quhilkis apperandly war presentle best to be don. Madem, I traist that thir caussis was the tynsall of the jeornay of Penke in an grait part, and misordour of the

army, and our greit haist but ordour. Madem, best is all gud wayis and gud dress be maid in dew tym that be apperance ma put feyr fra the legis and mak unyte and concurrans. Madem, I besek your graice, as ye luf the weill of our soverane lady your self and the common weill of this realm, to tak tent herto and to be avysit wyth the ambassadour and (\monsieur\) la Schappell; and gif it ples your grace, to schaw to tham ilk part herof. Madem, alswa conform to my promes of trew service I man advertice your grace of all utheris thinkis that apperandlie is to be don: The lordis that is greit men and uther lordis and barronis to be cherisit fawvorable wyth your graic and wyth all the prynsipall men of gud quhay that cummis out of France heyr, for the nater of this pepill is of this realm; first to be gentillie don to, and that tha persaif luf and all gudnes in the kingis graice of France. And als this realm is pwyr and the greit men can na way beyr greit exspens of thar awn leving. All greit men in this realm has, and utheris efter thair greis has, folkis to sarve tham in thair awn bowndis but ony mone bot allanerly gud tretyng and greit houss to be haldin of daly exspens ordynar of meyt and drynk; bot to remayn lang out of thair awn boundis apon thair awn exspenssis thai ma na way do the samyn wythout tha be suppleyit and helpit be substance. I traist tha ma abid wyth thar vittellis brocht wyth tham for schort tym; and fra that be gayn and spendit tha may nocht tary but help. Madem, as to my self your graice kennis the greit service I maid to the kingis heynes umquhill your spous, quhay has rewardit me gif he had levit, and sen his deces, to your grace and my lord governour, and ther throw superexspendit greitly; and how I haif an sobir leving and als how I am subject to sum infermyte of gravaill, and dolour

of stayn, as I trast quhar throw I ma nocht gudly awayt apon lawbouris and service and I ma nocht gudly be daly resedent in your grace service, I think I man writ oft and hamille as your awn sobir servitour, concernyng all sic materis and effeiris as I can think for the weill of our soverane lady your grace and the commoun weill of this realm. And efter, as I fynd ony advertysing gud to writ to yowr graice, I sall do the samyn. The eternell God consarve your graice. Of Methven, this thrid of Junij be youris graice mast humill and obedyent servitour HENRY LORD METHVEN. Madem, word was at Brochty thre dayis passit that this arttalzery suld away, of quhilk tha ar exseding blyth. The toun of Pertht and all this cuntray is in dispar and sayis planly that an part of the France army suld be ferst in this watter of Tay or this gret arttalzery war had away, quhilkis was thar haill hoip and lippining of deffence. Alsua, madam, the erle Argaill had and has the charg to answer for this arttalzery, and is requyrit he had ben warnyt; quhai I wayt wilbe glad and tha wair his awn to sped tham to your grace. Avice herupon, and as your grace advertiss agan, salbe don wyth all delygence. [\Endorsed:\] M. de Meffan.

[} [\CLXXIV\] }] [} [\METHVEN TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Methven, 10th June (1548).\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Madem, efter all humell service pleis be advertissit this x day of Junij I resavit my lord governouris writing and

my lord of Dunkeld writing dissirand me haist the arttalzery. Madem, Duncan Dundas cum heyr apon Tuisday the v day of Junij and departit the Wednisday next therefter, the vj day of Junij, and I caussit begin and yolk of my awn oxin xiiij=xx= and caussit draw the arttalzery throw my boundis and throw the lord Ruthven bowndis to gif gud exempill to the laif of the barronis [{to{] do syklyk. Madem, howbeit I wrait unto your grace and to my lord governour to inform of the comfort of the enymeyis and the discomfort of the legis and als how resun requyrit that the erll Argaill suld haif discharg and requyrit that I had discharg becaus I gaif the erll Argaill my hand writ of resait of the arttalzery. Yet nochtwythstanding I ussit and caus ws all delygens in maner forsaid, and on the next day ayrle efter I resayt charg and that Duncan Dundas cum, the arttalzery departit fra me. Madem, it is rycht lamentable and displesand till ony trew hart that has don gret service and evir remanand still and thinkis, will God, to do trew staid and aw of na creator for my lawte to serff weill and get nother thank nor yet luf nor reward. Madem, I meyn nocht this be your grace bot be my lord governour quhom unto I haif writin his wikednes, for I haif ben and thinkis to be als trew as him self saffand his estait and gree all uther wayis. Besekand your grace mast humelle to excus me that I ma na uther wais do bot evir to be playn unto your grace; and the eternell God conserve your grace evirmayr. Of Methven, this x day of Junij be youris grace maist obedient and humell servitour HENRY LORD METHVEN.

[} [\CLXXVI\] }] [} [\METHVEN TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Camp at Haddington, Thursday, 4 A.M. (5th July 1548).\] TO THE QUENNIS GRAICE. Pleis your graice This Wednisday the suthwest bastalze condamnit that na defence is maid in it: the bastalze at the Freir kirk all brokin except an litill part to the west: the meid bastalze apon ther tren[{c{]he at the west part, the an half of the gabionis and a part of the bastalze dwng away; the

northt west trencht is condamnit all except the roum that an small peice lyis in, quhilkis I trast salbe condamyt all this day. Daly and nychtlie is at all ouris carmosche of hakbuttis. Thai ussit nocht sen Tuisday efter non. This nycht continwall carmosche fra the sun past till this day at iiij in the morning wyth hakbuttis; and all nycht all our greit artallzery lawborit and has dong the tolbutht and reft an pece that lay betuix it and the kirk of the freyris. This nycht our peonaris has wroucht owr tryncht wythin ferty futtis to thar trinsche that is rycht befor that meid bastalze. Ther is v=c= workmen to cum out of the gallions to cast this nycht in the trensche. I trast this nycht salbe sein mair besynes to the Inglis men, or ellis the morn at the furrist. I beleif that few Inglis has sleppit this last xxiiij houris in speciall. Tha mak greit defence on thar fassun, and trewille tha haif fortefeit the toun in greit sort at the begining, and in the nycht workis as tha may. I put na dout thay will tyn the toun hastile. This Wednisday lait an Scottis boy com out at the est port of the toun and is haldin, quhilkis sayis Wilstrop the principall capiden is slayn, and his lyutenent bayth; nocht the les thar is na credeit gevin therto. Madem, thar is Scottis men quhilkis spak wyth part of tham wythout owr thar trenchis, quhilkis my lord governour has caussit tak, quhay sayis thay ar all in deidly feyr and wald randyr bagsaif and livis and nocht to be haldin as preso[{n{]aris. Bot ther is no dout of the wyning of [{the{] town and all therintill, will God, quhay conserve your

grace evir. Of the camp this fersday at iiij houris arly. Your grace mast humill and obedient servitour METHVEN. The boy sayis ther is on Tuisday and We[{dn{]isday last ii=c= men slayn wyth our artallzery. [\Endorsed:\] M. de Mestafan. [} [\CLXXVII\] }] [} [\METHVEN TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Edinburgh, 17th July (1548).\] TO THE QUENNIS GRACE. Madem, this xvj day of Julij the cannonis was reterit fra the seg be command of (\Monsur\) Dasse. He remanys still yet at the seg, and daly and nychtly the carmosche cessis nocht. Mone slayn in the toun, and part of France men. The France men and Count Rangraif wald haif givin the sout, and (\Monsieur\) Dasse of gud mynd therto, and the hour of the sout effext. In the present tym the word com be post out of Ingland at xij houris in the nycht that the lord Gray wyth an greit army wes apon Coldingam mwr, xviij myllis fra Hadington, and than it was considerit

that gif the sowt wer givin that thai mycht nocht eschaip greit slachtyr, and bettir was and mayr gud aperance to contenew the sawt and to mak for battall. And apon that purpos the greit arttalzery was reterit to Leith and Edinbrught, and the small arttalzery remanand still in the camp. Alswa the Scottis army was departit, and my lord governour was na greit company. This day the erle Sotherland and the northtland folkis departis of Edinbrogh to the camp, - xvj=c= men, and, as tha say, ma is cummand. I com to this toun yestren wyth the greit arttalzery and caussit cary sex cannons of (\Monsieur\) Dasses to Leyth, and, wile God, I depart to the camp the morn ayrly. I put all the gret arttalry in redynes that quhen it chargit [\sic\] to cum forward agan (\Monsour\) Dasse wile yett sowt the toun, quhilk he sad to the beschop Dunkeld and to me. Ther is a vote passand that the lord Gray has reterit to Berwyk to get ma folkis, and intendis to send part of lycht hors to refresche the toun. I trast all salbe the bettyr that your grace be heyr. God almychty consarv your grace evir. Of Edinbrugh, this xvij day of Julij. Your grace mast humill and obedyent servitour METHVEN. (\Monsieur\) Dasse will camp still and intendis nocht to reteyr, and my lord governour siklyk. [\Endorsed:\] M. de Meffan.

[} [\CLXXXIX\] }] [} [\METHVEN TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Methven, 8th November (1548).\] TO THE QUENIS GRAICE. Madem, pleis your gud graice. I have resavit your graice lettir fra Rosay. And howbeit I have kepit my beid maist part sen your graice being in to Pertht, and specialle sen Allow evin, I sall, God # willing, be at your graice on Monenday next but ony forther delay except allanerlie seiknes; and traist weill, madem, I was it, and thinkis to me [{be ?{] your graice trew servitour but ony meyn way. Forther, the eternell God consarve your graice. Of Methven, this viij day of November be your graice maist hummill and obedient servitour LORD METHVEN. [\Endorsed:\] M. de Metfan.

[} [\CCXXII\] }] [} [\METHVEN TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Methven, 24th October (1549?).\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Madem, eftir all hummill and obedient service pleis your graice, sen your grace departit of Pertht the erll of

Huntle spak wyth the lord Ruthven for gud dres of this slachtir committit laitlie on an servand of the lard # Tulibardin. The lord Ruthven schew his innocence, and that he had promittit unto your grace to do therin as your grace pleissit command him. The erll of Huntle send for me, and caussit the erlls of Arroll and Athoill and me to pas to Tulibard[{in{] quhar we commonit at lyntht wyth the lard and his utheris freyndis, quhai on his part inlykwys sayis he will do the ordinance of your graice. Madem, sen your graice has evir ussit perseverand lawbouris for the common weill of this realm, now reconsaill this caus, and now presentlie at the cummyng of the erll of Huntle and Argaill your graic and my lord governour to dysyr tham to speik wyth the lord Ruthven and the lard Tulibardin and wyth thar freyndis, and ther efter your graic and my lord governour to mak fineill concord quhilk suld perseveyr constantlie and of luf in tym to cum. This beand, thai wyth thar kyn freyndis and servandis ma the bettir serve the auctorite; and gif it pas ony lang tym nocht reconsallit, ma cum to greit # inconvenyentis quhilkis salbe impediment to the service ther of. Madem, as ane of your grace humell servitouris I thocht best to advertice your grace herof, beseking the eterneill God to consarve your graice evir. Of Methven, this xxiiij day of Octobeir be your graice maist hummill and obeisand servitour HENRY LORD METHVEN. [\Endorsed:\] M. de Metfan.

[} [\CCXCI\] }] [} [\METHVEN TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\(Before 1550?)\] [\ ... \] concernyng the mater I maid informatioun of unto your

grace at my last departing of Steriviling.

[} [\XXVIII\] }] [} [\SIR ADAM OTTERBURN TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Edinburgh, 13th October (1543).\] TO THE QWENYS GRACE. Madame, plesit youre grace that thir lordis that hes bene here hes callit me and the men of gude of the toune sayand that thai will lauboure for restitutioun of the schippis and gudis, desyring ws to send oure writingis to the king of Ingland with ane nychtboure of our aune and thai wald send ane of thairis to lauboure in the mater: quhilk we thocht verray gude. Nochtwithstanding we will nocht send oure writingis without your grace my lord governoure and the lordis being with yow se and consider the said writing of the quhilk we have send the copy presentlie, and to have your help and avis heirinto; praying your grace that ye will gife youre help in the mater and sollist all the lordis to that effect for the skaith sustenit be this toune is mervalous greit and as I can persaiff thare is litill hoip of remeid or restitutioun, becaus I spak with this ambassatour of Ingland quhilk schew me ane artikill send fra the counsaill of Ingland berand in effect thir wourdis: The kingis majestie of Ingland can be content, upoun oure gentill and humyle persute, to grant ws restitutioun of oure schippis and gudis swa we will favoure him and be of his party and mak protest therupoun hes he will devis. This wordis I red in the writingis send to this ambassatoure fra the counsaill of Ingland and becaus we can nocht condiscend to sic unresonable desyreis I have na hoip of restitutioun. Forther plesit youre grace that my lord governoure hes writtin to

me to gife na credence to thame that said his lordschip reportit evill sayngis of my lord cardinale anent me howbeit thai be ma nor thre men of gude that herd the contrare. As to my lord cardynale I beleiff surelie that he wald never faill to me considering my gude mynd to do his lordschip trew service. I am verray sary at my herte to se samony that suld be noble men gevin to mak lesingis. Madame, quhen it plesis youre grace to command me with ony service I salbe reddy therto with all my harte. Praying the virgyne Mary to preserve your grace. Of Edinburgh the xiii day of octobre Be your gracis humyll servitour AD OTTERBURN.

[} [\XXXVII\] }] [} [\SIR ADAM OTTERBURN TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Edinburgh, 26th November (1543).\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Madame, efter maist lawlie commendatioun of hartly service, plesit your grace to be advertist that the erle of Angus send to ane gentil man of this toune to knaw my mynd gif I wald suffir him to cum heir accumpanyt with his frendis to the noumer of thre thousand hors quhilk I refusit and wrait that he behufit till haif patience for divers causs. George Douglas hes bene in Beruik all

this last oulk doand as I suppone litil gud. The erle Bothuel com to this toune of Friday with sextene or twenty hors and we are chargit to concur with him in halding furth of convocationes houbeit he is nocht accumpanyt in that sort, quhilk wes nocht weil regardit. We had befor our toune to keip, and now we haif nocht anerly the toune bot ane noble barroun and young gentil man to keip fra his inymeis. I wil nocht infest your grace in this mater forthir at this tyme bot with the grace of God sall do the best I can to the plesour of God the service of our soverane your dochter and of your grace. I think it veray strange that the erle of Angus and that sort suld mak ane greit convocatioun without your grace my lord governour and cardinale knaw the samin and war in als grete reddynes as thai; assuring your grace that ther cuntre folk ar strikand men and nocht like the folkis that my lord governour mett last with, tharfor the gretar cur wald be takin in all behalfis. Madame I thocht I wald adverteis your grace of sic thingis as occurris heir being sur that I am and salbe your graces faythful servand ay reddy at command, prayand God to preserve your grace. Of Edinburgh this Mononday the xxvj day of November Be your graces rycht humyll servitour AD. OTTIRBURN.

[} [\XLVII\] }] [} [\OTTERBURN TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Edinburgh, 16th January (1543-4).\] TO THE QWENIS GRACE. Plesit your grace to be advertist that I haif been sa occupyt nicht and day that I had na lasor to write to your grace quhar for I desir hartlie to be excusit. The besinis ar swa procedit that your grace and we all hes mater to thank God and ascribe na thing to our doyngis bot to Him that governis all to his plesour. George Douglas at the writing of this bil is enterit in the castel of # Edinburgh and the uther plegis to be enterit as is devisit with hartlie obedience, and dout nocht bot all is weil and suirly done to your plesour. This uther sort has but fail tynt Ingland quhilk is grete rejosing. My lord governour and the lordis heir wilbe at your grace incontinent and mak the finale resolutioun and ordour with your graces avys and consale and lois na thing bot at your plesour. The lard of Cesfurd hes unvorthely takin ane hous of my lord Bothuellis in Tyvedale callit Ancrum quhilk hous nocht beand haistely deliverit my lord governour with all his cumpany wil pas to the recoverance therof. Madame, gif I haif servit [{truly?{] the deid schawis; praying your grace to hald me that man that wil by na vyis mak lesingis nor mak hiech promisis bot, will God,

my deid salbe ay abone my sayingis and salbe reddy to serve your grace at all tymes as ye sal ever mair knaw be deid. And God almychty preserve your grace. Of Edinburgh this xvj day of Januar Be your gracis humell servitour AD. OTTERBURN.

[} [\XLIX\] }] [} [\OTTERBURN TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Edinburgh, 27th February (1543-4?).\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Madame,plesit your grace to be advertist I have maryit ane dochter laitlie and as youre grace knawis sik materis requiris coist and expensis quhairfoir I wald desyre youre gracis supporte in that mater gif ye may gudelie ; and gif your grace be nocht disposit at this tyme I will ever mair stand content to abide youre pleser. Ferthir I dout nocht bot sir Johnne Campbell of Calder hes schewin youre grace quhat comunicatioun was betuix my lord cardinale and me at his departyng out of this toun. Nochtwithstanding I have had writtin fra his lordeschip sen his departyng in cotures and gentill maner. [{With commendations of service{] Of Edingburgh the xxvij day of Februar Be your gracis humyll servitur ADAM OTTERBURN.

[} [\LVIII\] }] [} [\OTTERBURN TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Edinburgh, 28th April (1544).\] TO THE QWENIS GRACE. Plesit your grace that upoun Setterday that last wes my lord governour direckit ane writing under the signet and his subscriptioun to charge me to warde quhilk

writing his grace at the sollistatioun of my lord of Orknay principaly dischargit. I traist your grace and my lordis will think that sic charge suld nocht haif bene gevin without your avis, bot at this tyme thair hes bene counsalouris that hes bene planely in my lord governouris contrar. I neid nocht to write all at lenth how the mater hes procedit and be quhais menis : your grace wilbe sufficientlie advertisit be utheris. Your grace salbe assurit that as to my particular actioun I never offendit to na erdlie man sen I com to mannis aige. And as for the commoun actiounes of this toune thai salbe fundin honest, and gif your grace findis utherwyis quhen the verite is knawin ye sall help to our punitioun: and gif we be fundin honest men baith towart God and our princes your grace will defend our honest querelis as accordis, and to be to my simpilnes as my gud maisteres, I alwyis being fundin honest. Madame, the blissit Virginie be your support. Of Edinburgh this Monenday the xxviij day of Aprile Be your graces humyll servitour AD. OTTERBURN. [\Endorsed:\] A Sire Addam Hotbourne.

[} [\LXXII\] }] [} [\OTTERBURN TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Edinburgh, 16th June (1544).\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Pleis your grace to be advertist that George Douglas come to my hous of Reidhall that samin nycht that I departit fra your [{grace?{] and remanit quhill on the morne that he had dynit I commonit with him in all materis at lenth and fand him verray weill myndit to serve your grace and to stand ferme at your opynioun and alswa to be ane gude Scottis man. Bot his mynd is that your grace seik be all menis pece of Ingland, and gif it can nocht be obtenit to defend stoutly aganis thair ire. Youre grace may weill undirstand that he wald rathar have peax nor were, gif it mycht be had, for divers causis as your grace can weill considder. Thairfore it is verray necessare that ya direct ane herald with all diligence to the king of Ingland for ane conduct to # ambassiatouris and to insert in the writing to be send to him that your grace exhortis him to grant the said saufconduct, and at thair reparing to his grace thai sall have sic # comissioun with thame that his grace of ressoun salbe satesfyit. Forder thair is ane Flemyng schip that wes tane be Franchemen reddy to departe in Flandris and the merchandis of Dunde and this toune hes thocht rycht hevy that thair nychtbouris ar lyand in presoun in Flandris and ar abill to peris and de in presoun without help. Thairfore thai have desirit your grace humlie to direct

my lord of Sanct Johnis incontinent for delivering of the sadis presoneris and thair gudis; and, gif the said lord can nocht be na wayis be sped away, to send for Snawdoun herald and direct him to excuse all materis and to schaw the impedimentis quhairthrow our ambassiatouris mycht nocht cum: bot is neidfull that the said lord pas for the comoun weill, for at the fyne the said lord or sum uther grete man man pas. It is mair expedient to mak ane expensis nor to mak doubill and alsua our erandis will nocht be perfitely endit and sped be ane herald. Alswa pleis your grace to be advertist that the erle of Levenax is forgane the north coist havand twa schippis quhilk come with him furth of Dumbertone about the Ilis. I spak with the man that saw him. Your grace sall beleif surelie that he will byde at the avys and counsale of George Douglas quhilk I knaw perfitely. Thairfore it is verray expedient that your grace send with all diligence to the said George to solist the said erle to remane in the contre for the weill of the samin and to accept gude wayis and to concur with your grace and the remanent of the lordis. The said George is in Dalkeith and I sall send writing to him to solist him to the samin effect, and the rathare that the said George hes schewin me his mynd in that mater of befoir. Your grace and counsale had grete neid to be besy for the weill of the realme. I saw ane bill that come fra James Henrisoun furth of the New castell, makand mentioun that he wes sary for the damnage that we had gottin of Ingland bot mekle mair trist and sorrowfull for the damnage tocum, counsaland thairfore his companzeoune, Francis Aikman,

nocht to repair nor big his hous for this yeir for we stand at ane evill poynt. My lord governour sayis he sall seik help at hell or he want his purpois; and alswa the mater standis hevy to me for my parte, for as George Douglas hes schewin to me that he sayis he sall entir throw the castell and sla me, and gif the toun resyst he sall byrn the remanent of it that is unbrynt. Madame, thair is ane certane of mysdoaris in Domglas quhilk levis apoun reif and spoilze. Gude it war that your grace wrait to George Douglas and caus my lord Boithuile to cum here and stanche thift and to keip the cuntre fra thevis and tratouris. I assure your grace ye ar in gude estimatioun with all the haill cuntre and thairfore ye man be all menys to help the pure cuntre and repres thevis. Madame, the blissit Virgin Marie conserve your grace. Of Edinburcht the xvj day of Junij Be youre gracis humyll servitour AD. OTTERBURN.

[} [\CXXI\] }] [} [\OTTERBURN TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\(c. August 1546).\] TO THE QWENYS GRACE. Madame, it is of verite that thair is ane condict writtin for to the lordis Ruthven and Paslay and secretar, and that Brunstoun suld have passit in cumpany with Paslay. And the impedimentis and argumentis that the secretar maid aganis the comprehentioun was to the effect that thir personis mycht have past and interit in ane trewis or peax with Yngland be oure awin way, bot thai ar marvilus displesit that knawlege is gottin of this mater and hes send to Dunbar for the messinger to returne; and quhidder it be to brek that purpois and to ressave the supplicatioun agane that was send for that condict or nocht, I can nocht say. I sall writ to your grace as I can fynd occasioun. Madame, the virgyn Marie be your supple. Be your gracis humyll servitour AD. OTTERBURN. [\Endorsed\] (\M=e=\) Adam Hotbourne.

[} [\CXXIII\] }] [} [\OTTERBURN TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Wemyss, 26th September (1546).\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Madame, plesit youre grace my lorde governour send me twa divers writtingis to cum to Sanctandrois: and

the effect was to pas in Yngland, and the secreter and I to be in commissioun and gif we agre nocht, he to pas in France to knaw the kyng of Francis mynd. Madame, I am agit and seiklie throw my prisamynd and evill tretin, and is unable divers wayis, as God kennis. I have nocht accepit that charge as yit nor will nocht without your graces avis and command, praying your grace to send me your mynd heirto and to excus me, I cumin nocht my self, becaus force it is, to speik with your grace or I departe out of this cuntre. Madame, the glorious Virgyne be your kepar. Off the Wemys, this Sunday, the xxvj day of September. Be your gracis humyll servitour AD. OTTERBURN. [\Endorsed:\] (\M=e=\) Adam Hotbourne [} [\CXXIV\] }] [} [\OTTERBURN TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Edinburgh, 20th October (1546).\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Madame, plesit your grace to be advertist that I ressavit your writting direct to my self and ane uther direct to the king of Yngland quhilk is nocht closit, and the use of this realme is to send all letteris closit quhowbeit thai be

letteris of credence; thairfoir, madame, I have send the writting agane to your grace to be closit gif your grace think is expedient, and to send it agane in all haist. Your credence I have put in writting. Madame, thair was grete solistationis and fair hechtis bayth with hors and geir to tak this mater on hand: I have gottin na hors and na money that will furnis me to Mussilburght. And suppois thai luke to na honeste that hes devisit me to this lawbour, yit nocht theles and I suld pas upoun my fute I sall do my parte, and at my power procure the plesour of God and wele of this realme: and gif I de in the pane, my dede salbe meretable and honest. And God preserve your grace in prosperite. Off Edinburgh, the xx day of October. Be your graces humyll servitour AD. OTTERBURN. [\Endorsed:\] (\M=e=\) Adam Hotbourne. [} [\CXXV\] }] [} [\OTTERBURN TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\London, 5th December (1546).\] TO THE QWENIS GRACE. Madame, plesit youre grace tobe advertist that efter your directioun I movit sik thingis to the king of Yngland as ye commandit and findis litill effect to my purpois as yit. He said he cutht mell with na persoun in Scotland sa lang as my lorde governour was in autorite. I persaif his grace luffis yow the war that ye ar in ane accorde with my lorde governour. We have writtin tweching our besynes at grete lenth to my lorde governour quhilk wilbe schawin to your grace. Schortlie, my counsale is yee writt with deligence to the kyng of France to luke weill on oure materis: for other it will cum to that poynt that

the comprehensioun may be exceptit, as thair is litill apperance therof; or ellis enter in ane new pece quhilk the counsale of Yngland desiris; or ellis seik outwart alliance. We have writtin all reddy to the kyng of France of the proceding heir, and quhow it is said heir that the comprehensioun was maid conditionalie, and ferther hes referit the rehers of the mater to the ambassatour of France quhilk was present at our disputatioun togidder with the empriouris ambassatour quha schew him party. I refer all uther thingis quhill my returning. I traist ye may have writtingis to France be this ambassatour than to send be see. I pray your grace remember to help me with expens; and God kepe youre grace. Off Londoun, the fyft day of December be your gracis humyll servitour AD. OTTERBURN. [\Endorsed:\] (\M=e=\) Adam Hotbourne.

[} [\CXXVI\] }] [} [\OTTERBURN TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\London, 4th February (1546-7).\] TO THE QWENIS GRACE. Madame, sen the departing of Cumbo with quham I wraitt at lenth to my lord Erskyn, the kyng of Yngland decessit on Wedinsday at nycht the morn efter Sanct Paulis day; and within thir xx dayis the young kyng beis crounit and the auld kingis beriall be solempnisat. He hes ordanit in his letter will that the erle of Heirfurde salbe governour to the young kyngis persoun and protectour of the realme of Yngland, and nammyt xvj personis to be counsalouris be quhais awys all thingis salbe orderit. We spak on Thurisday the thrid day of Februar with the erle of Hertfurde in his logyn, and na persoun with him except Pigett, secretar, and findis as we fand at all tymes that thai wald be at ane trety of pece with sum trety of the mariage bot nocht with sa strait and rigorus conditionis as was in the first contract. I fynd that thai will nocht suffer the secretar pas in France. I pray your grace gif it be thocht that we suld nocht trete upoun pece that ye will counsale to mak provisioun, and spetialie for the strenth of Edinburgh and the qwenis housis of Lothiane,

for gif thai be wele regardit thair is na danger of conquest or that thai will wesy youre grace at Striveling. Quhat is done of Sanctandrois I can nocht say bot that ambassatouris of Sanctandrois ar wele herd heir and labouris for the plesour of Yngland as befoir or the concorde. I wrait to my lorde Erskyn with (\monssieur\) Cumbo quhairof your grace is sufficientlie advertist be the said lorde. I traist your grace sall have gude caus to be content with my service quher I may avance your honour or plesour; and God almychty kepe your grace. Off Londoun, the ferde day of Februar. Be your gracis humyll servitour AD OTTERBURN. [\Endorsed:\] (\M=e=\) Adam Hotbourne. [} [\CXXVII\] }] [} [\OTTERBURN TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\London, 8th March (1546-7).\] TO THE QWENIS GRACE. Madame, pleis youre grace I have spokin with (\monsieur\) Cumbo this berar; becaus he was to cum in Scotland I thocht it gude to salute youre grace with this bull. This Setterday the fyft day of Marche my lorde secretar departit furth of Londoun. Thair is nyne schippis of this cuntre past to the see and as I can have informatioun to avait upoun oure Scottis schippis. I mak na lang lettres becaus I wrait laitlie to your grace. I wait nocht

quhow it sall succede betuix France and Yngland bot the ambassatouris of France ar wele tretit and as freyndis and we as inymyis. Madame, gif youre grace will command me with ony service ye sall fynd me obedient; praying God to conserve youre grace in prosperite. Of Londoun, the viij day of Merche Be your gracis humyll servitour AD. OTTERBURN. [\Endorsed:\] Adam Hotbourne. [} [\CXXVIII\] }] [} [\OTTERBURN TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\London, 14th March (1546-7).\] TO THE QWENIS GRACE. Plesit youre grace to be advertist that heir is rycht evill tithandis. I think the (^Lyon^) be tane and mony of the men slane. Dryburgh is saif. My lorde governour was sufficientlie informyt that thair was ten schippis of weir maid to the see. As for uther besynes, your grace sall surelie understand that the pece betuix France and Yngland was contractit for the kingis and thair successouris, and now the samyn is renewit within thir thre dayis and, as the ambassatour sayis, we are comprehendit as of befoir; bot we ar nocht off counsale thairto. The empriour triumphis in Almanye and thairfoir I beleev

that France and Yngland hes jonyt thame self in mutuale kyndnes mair surelie than of befoir; and, as I suppone, for feir of the said empriour we stand in ane hevy cais. Thairfoir your grace man tak the mair labour to gif gude counsale. I assure your grace that I persaif sik kyndnes betuix France and Yngland that France will nocht displeis thame. (\Monsieur barron de lay\) Garde and ane Blanchet hes sped thair erandis heir and ar departit glaidlie. This that I writt to your grace is verray treuth. The secretar is now with the courte of France. And gif your grace will command me with ony service, advertis me; and almychty [{God{] preserve your grace. Off London, the xiiij day of Marche Be your gracis humyll servitour AD. OTTERBURN. [\Endorsed:\] Adam Hotbourne.

[} [\CXXX\] }] [} [\OTTERBURN TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\(London, April 1547.)\] TO THE QWENIS GRACE. Madame, plesit your grace to wyt that ther is ane servand cum in fra my lord secreter and brocht me ane letter makand mention that his commission is tynt and that he hes spokin with this young kyng of France. He hes writen this mater be syfferis, quhobeit it nedit nocht

for the protector hes the commission, and it is na mater of secreitnes to schaw that he spak with the kyng of France. He hes nocht writen ony uther thing to me and I ame content to ken na forther for he that kennys na thing may keip consell. This servand sayis that your freyndis ar gret consaloris and reularis. Lord Dernly is in curt and the ald reularis baitht men and women ar passit. I cane writ your grace na thing of the emprior, bot sum sayis he is deid and sum utheris that he is seik. As for tydingis heir, I see na thing bot as the ald kyng wer levyng and ilk day I heir of our infelicite. My lord Maxwell and Driburgh ar lik to go mad, quhobeit Driburgh is heir daly with me bot he hes ane kepar and at gret charge. I had gret pane to gett this litill liberte to him. I cane gett na help to M. Johne Hay and the utheris. I have writen to my lord governour that I will cum hame for I have nocht ado heir. I am seikly and is nocht abill to wait apon curtis and specialy in this cuntre. I pray your grace humlie that yee wald sollist my lord governour to suffer me to returne for saifty of my liff. I think that my lord secreter may uis ane commission heir as in France, for I ame nocht in haill nor uther wayis to tary apon ther lang besynes. I pray Jhesu that all be weill rulyt to the weill of our pur realme. Madame, I ame

reddy with all the humyll service that I cane or may do; praying God to conserff our masteres and your grace in prosperite Be yore gracis humyll servitour AD. OTTERBURN. [\Endorsed:\] Adam Hotbourne. [} [\CXXXI\] }] [} [\OTTERBURN TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\London, 29th April (1547).\] TO THE QWENIS GRACE. Plesit youre grace, I have writtin to yow of all sik thingis as heir occurrit and doutis nocht bot or the cuming of this gentilman youre grace is wele advertist of the kyng of Francis dede als wele be my letteris send to youre grace as to my lorde governour with uther sik thingis as occurrit; and for this tyme I have nocht to writt bot it is rycht neidfull ye tak grete deligence to await apoun oure doyngis that hes commissioun in uther cuntreis. It is nocht neidfull to declair all thingis at lenth. As for tydingis heir, I think thir men sall nocht invaid oure realme this yeir bot thai mak grete preparatioun in all partiis, quhilk the protectour allegis done for na invasioun bot to kepe thair cuntre bot I tak nocht my jugement apoun thai sayingis. Madame, I am rycht seiklie and remanis heir without ony besynes, quhairfoir I beseik youre grace that ye wald dedene to solist my lorde governour to suffer me to return hame that I may de amangis my freindis. My lorde secretar may do all that I persaif is tobe done. Madame, gif thair be ony service I may do to your gracis plesour I salbe reddy at my power; praying God

almychty to preserve youre grace. Of London, the penult day of Aprile. Be your gracis humyll servitour AD. OTTERBURN. Master Henry Bannayis and capitane Borthuik ar cumin to this tone. I dreid sayr the end of this mater of Sanct Androis. [\Endorsed:\] (\M=e=\) Adam Hotbourne.

[} [\CXXXIII\] }] [} [\OTTERBURN TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\London, 17th May (1547).\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Madame, pleis youre grace to be advertist that (\monsieur\) Cumbo like ane honest gentill man hes done his divore tweching Driburgh and his servandis like as your grace wilbe ferther advertist. The said (\monsieur\) Cumbo hes declarit your gracis gude mynd towart me quhairthrow I think me gretelie oblist to do your grace all service to

me possible. And as for this cuntre I se na thing as yit bot stabillite like as the auld kyng war on lyve. This cuntre preparis for weir aganis ws and it is for certane that thair is daylie wappynschawyngis in the cuntre. Preistis of small leving ar compellit to fynd harnes for ane man, quhether it be to invaid or defend I can nocht say. I marvell that capitane Borthuik and doctour Durame war sufferit to cum heir. As for master Henry Balnavis, he is wele servit be se and land and is returnit in Scotland with the best gunnar in Yngland. I drede sair Sanct Androis. It is quietlie said heir that thai brocht with thame the writtingis of xxvij noble men oblising thame to this kyng: quhilk I beleve nocht tobe of verite, quhowbeit the ambassatour of France hes writtin to the kyng that sik thingis is of verite and schew me ane tykket of the names of thre grete men. I traist that efter the cummyng hame of my writtingis your grace sall knaw the verite quhairthrow ye may advertis the kyng of France, quhilk is verray necesser to be done, with grete diligence for the honour and wele of our realme, for I suspect thir lesyngis be maid to put ws out of consate with France. I have writtin sum parte of this mater to my lorde governour bot nocht sa plane as to your grace, makand na rehers quhat this ambassatour of France hes

writtin. Uther materis I refer to my lorde Erskyn and Driburcht. Madame, I am sa evill tretit mony wayis that it is bayth schame and pane to rehers, and war nocht that sum Scottis men induellaris of Depe happynnit to cum heir I had sauld my hors for fawlt of money, for I have na credence heir becaus the Inglismen dar nocht do me na curtesse: bot your grace salbe assuryt that I sall rather suffer poverte than to be abandonyt to ony in this realme for quhatsumevir necessite. Madame, I am and salbe reddy with all faythfull service, praying the eternall God to preserve your grace. Of London, the xvij day of Maij Be your gracis humyll servitour ADAM OTTERBURN. [\Endorsed:\] (\M=e=\) Adam Hotbourne. [} [\CXXXIV\] }] [} [\OTTERBURN TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\London, 4th June (1547).\] TO THE QUHENIS GRACE Plesit youre grace to be advertist that I ressavit writtingis fra my lorde governour to the kyngis hienes heir for delivery of the presonaris as your [{grace{] knawis, quhilkis I presentit to the protectour and counsale quha sayd thai wald avys and thairefter gif me anser. And on that samyn day thair come ane gentilman fra the kyng of France with commissioun to present our acceptatioun

of the comprehensioun and for delivery of Driburght and master Johnne Hay, and swa oure erandis was to ane effect; bot the gentilman hed sum thing ellis in commissioun anent the bildin at Bullonze by thair trety. The said gentilman had anser that thai wald nocht ressave the said acceptatioun nor gif documentis therupoun for mony caussis litill to effect. Nocht theles thai said thai wald observe the said comprehensioun and wald move na weir, we doand siklike; and as for the presonaris thai gaif anser that thai wald be contentit that thai war deliverit fyndand cautioun athir to enter or to pay ane ressonable ransone. This was ane anser of deservance and quhen I offerit tobe cautioun sua I mycht return hame or I war requirit for ther interes thai wald nocht agre therto bot that or evir I suld departe out of Yngland the saidis abbot and master Johnne suld be enterit agane or ellis pay ane ressonable ransone, and swa I to remane as ane plege quhilk war to me ane myscheif and dishonour sundry wayis. Sa fer as I can considder be thair procedingis and sayngis according therto thai tak na cure of ony prince or natioun. Quhow it will stand betuix France and Yngland I can nocht say bot it apperis nocht to be unite betuix thame. The Inglismen hes biggit ane wall of xix or xx fute thycht at the hevin of Bullonze on the Frenche syde. The cardinale of Lorane with uther grete men of the realme hes vesit the said wark and I traist be nocht content therwith. I have informyt my lorde governour quhow thir folkis wald I suld return hame and laubour for ane commissioun for my self and utheris to treit upoun peax. I traist this war ane ganand way to put all thingis to delay; and in the menetyme to avys the best the gentilman departit the secund day of Junij towart France. The kyngis grace heir hes writtin ane anser to my lorde governour of sik writtingis as was send heir for delivery

of the prisonaris bot I think thai salbe fund strange and rycht hicht. Madame, I am your humyll servitour reddy to do your graces command in ony thing that lyis in my power, praying God to conserve your grace. Off London, the ferd day of Junij Be your gracis humyll servitor ADAM OTTIRBURN. [\Endorsed:\] (\M=e=\) Adam Hotbourne. [} [\CXXXV\] }] [} [\OTTERBURN TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\London, 4th June (1547).\] TO THE QWENIS GRACE. Madame, plesit your grace that efter the closin of my letter the ambassadour of France send ther letteris quharby your grace may persaiff that I did deligence, as I have done at all tymes. I wald rather cheis ony pane of my body or I suld faill to do your grace all the service that my body mycht suffer. Madame, I beseik the glorius lady be your supple. Of Lundon, the ferd day of Junij Be your gracis humyll servitour ADAM OTTIRBURN. [\Endorsed:\] (\M=e=\) Adam Hotbourne. [} [\CXXXVI\] }] [} [\OTTERBURN TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\London, 29th June (1547).\] TO THE QWENIS GRACE. Plesit your grace tobe advertist that ther is na apperance of motion in this cuntre except aganys ws. Ther folkis

proposis to bryng graitht and werkmen to sett up fortilis quhar thai think best in Fiff or Lothiane and quhar thai have moniest fawveraris, of the quhilkis I dreid thai have our mony. Thair hes bein ane Italiane twyis in Sanctandrois to devis quhar it is mest ganand to byg in Fiff on the see cost. He is laitlie returnyt, and as I cane be advertist he hes pete in his hart of our cuntre and of the ordour therof: I pray God put remeid. This Italiane seand tham that ar innymis to the realme at gret liberte and weltht he marvilis. My lord sec[{r{]etar hes send ane writen to me sayand that he wes to gett his anser about mydsomer. I dreid and we speid ws nocht hestele we sall be convoyt with greter cumpany then we brocht with ws heir. Madame, I ame and salbe reddy at all tymis to do your grace all humyll service at my power, praying God to preserff your grace. Of Lundone, the penult day of Junij Be your gracys humyll servitour ADAM OTTERBURN. [\Endorsed:\] (\M=e=\) Adam Hotbourne. [} [\CXXXVII\] }] [} [\OTTERBURN TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\London, 13th July (1547).\] TO THE QWENIS GRACE. Plesit youre grace tobe advertist that this Tuisday the xij day of July the protectour of Yngland did send for me and complenit of mony and divers attemptatis done be Scottismen aganis Yngland bayth be se and land, and efter lang altercatioun he desirit me to writ to your grace and the counsale, makand mentioun that the kyngis hienes and counsale of this realme was content to depute certane commissionaris apon the bordour to tak and mak redres of all attemptatis committit on other syde sen the trete of pece betuix France and Yngland and the comprehension

of ws contenit thairinto; and in the menetyme thai sall purches the empriouris consent to the foirsaid comprehensioun, quhilk he understandis salbe eiselie optenit becaus the empriour led the waris aganis ws for thair caus alanerle; and hes nemmit the bishope of Durame and sir Robert Bowis to be commissionaris for the parte of Yngland; and ferther the said protectour and counsale hes offerit to treit pece with ws in sik sorte that of resson we suld be content and to send commissionaris to the bordouris to that effect. Madame, I can nocht say of quhat intention the protectour hes proponit thir materis bot gude it is to tak cure for the defence of the realme. I writt nother to perswaid nor disuade, bot anerlie for descharge of my dewite. Madame, I beseik your grace for Godis saik to laubour that I may return hame for I am heriit and distroyit mony wayis. And almychty God conserve youre grace. Off London, the xiij day of July. Be your gracis humyll servitour ADAM OTTIRBURN. [\Endorsed:\] (\M=e=\) Adam Hotbourne.

[} [\XLIV\] }] [} [\OTTERBURN TO THE EARL OF BOTHWELL\] }] [\Reidhall, Friday (4th January 1543-4?).\] TO MY LORD ERLL BOTHUELL. My lord, eftir maist hartlie recommendatioun of my service, plesit your lordschip to remember of our commonyng

betuix Corstorphin and Edinburgh and that I wes determit to do you service and follo your consaill. I assur your lordschip quhen it come to the poynt I mycht nocht fynd iii=xx= personis to debait the mater. The thing I did wes for gude quhowbeit I be murmurit saikleslie. It was far ware done to gyf our the towre of the abbay and leif it afore or I maid me to ony appoyntment. My lord the men of gude and dekynnis send honest men to me desyrand me to cum to the town and tak the cure on me, and therupon I past to the town this Thurisday and spak with thaim all quhem I fand weill myndit and to serve me in that cure abone ony man; nochtwythstandyng I have gevin gude wordis and deferrit the mater quhill I have your lordschip consall and help accordyng to the promis maid betuix ws. Your lordschip knaws quhow my lord gowernour hes done to me and therfore I dreid he be my wnfreind. I beseik your lordschip to declair my part as I heir ye have done lyke ane nobill and trew lord and schaw my part to the qwenis grace and, will God, your lordschip gyff ewir I may do ony steid sall fynd me ane trew servand; and to send me answeir and your awys the sonest ye may. This mornyng George Dowglas is ryddyng by my place, quhether to Strevelyng or to speik with the governour I can nocht weill say, bott the

governour desyrit George to cum and speik with him wyth mony gude wordis as is writtin to me. God conserff your lordschip. Of the Reidhall this Friday Be your lordschip servitour AD OTTERBURN. [\Endorsed:\] Adam Hotberne.

[} [\CXXXIX\] }] [} [\OTTERBURN TO THE GOVERNOR\] }] [\London, 17th July (1547).\] TO MY LORDE, MY LORDE GOVERNOURIS GRACE OF SCOTLAND. My lorde, sen the closing of my writing I am informyt that thair is ane Spanyert send in Flanderis to bring Flemyngis in our contrar; and attour I am surelie informyt that Flemyngis cummis of thair awin plesour in our contrar. I repent sair that ther is sa grete respect to particular proffeit and na respect to the common wele. We provoke all the warld in our contrar, like as I wrait in certane articulis to your grace of befoir. I can say na mair, bot I pray God keipe your grace and saif the puir realm of Scotland. Off London, the xvij day of July Be your graces humyll servitour ADAM OTTERBURN. [\Endorsed:\] (\M=e=\) Adam Hotbirnne.

[} [\CXLI\] }] [} [\OTTERBURN TO THE GOVERNOR\] }] [\London, 10th August (1547).\] My lord, plesit your grace to be advertist that on Sonday that last wes I past to Hamtoun Court quhair I spak with the kingis majeste and the protectour with utheris the lordis of consale, quha thocht that it wes nocht conforme to ressoun nor consuetude observit betuix princis that I suld remain in tyme of hostilite without I wald proppone concord and had power therto. And becaus I saw afoir my eis verray gret preparatioun of weir, and actualie the gret hors the harnes the hagbutaris and all gorgious reparrale set forwart towart our realme I wes desirous to haif my leif, quhilk I obtenit fra the kingis hienes: and efter my licence to depart I spak with the protectour and requirit of him gif he wald na uther way bot to invaid ane pupill and hir realme. He answerrit that the kingis majeste wes dishonerit be the taking of the Langholme quhilk wes conquest in tyme of weir and his just dominioun, and als of the invasioun and persute of the kingis freindis, with mony uther sayingis that he couth say na further in that matter bot to proceid to the interprise devisit be the counsale; sua I tuke my leif.

And to rehers all sayingis als wele on my part as theris, it wer our tedious to rehers and lang to write. And on Mononday efter none Peter Thomsoun come heir with your gracis writingis and immediatlie thereftir ane messinger of court come to me desiring that I suld return to Hamtoun Court on the morn, to the quhilk desire I obeyit: and howbeit I had nocht bene requirit, your gracis lettres constrenit me to pas. I come to the said place out of London at ix houris in the morning and first schew the protectour your writingis, quhu maid faith and tuke upoun his honour that he wes myndyt to kepe the comprehensioun and to tak and mak redres, bot the materis betuix the realmez ar alterit sensyne and the kingis honour grevously hurt be Langholme and uther injuris: quhair for he thocht nocht to proceid as he wes myndyt of befoir. And efter lang debait anent your gracis instructionis with forther mair deip communication [{?{] in thai materis the protectour said to me: Sir, ye remember ye desirit at me on Sonday gif I wald persever in proceiding aganis Scotland, or gif ther mycht be uther gude wayis adressit for the eis of bayth the realmez; and sensyn, sayis he, I haif pausit upoun better wayis to be had than the effusioun of blude and distructioun of the pure pupill, and according therto I desire ye to send the herauld be post to Scotland and declair that I am ane man gevin alwayis to pece and quiet without I be provokit to the contrar, and gif it pleis the governour of Scotland to tak gude wayis quhilkis salbe to his honour his proffit and the wele and commodite of baith the realmez I salbe conform therto. And that the materis may be the mair esele brocht to pas and mair amplie oppynnit he desirit that Sir George Douglas wald repair to the New castell the xxvij day of this moneth, quhair he suld be present and opin thir materis to him, sua that he mycht refer to your grace and counsale and tak resolutioun therto for the commoun wele of thir tua realmez and eschewing shedding of cristin blude.

My lord, I can do na les than to schaw your grace all sic wechty causis quhilk wald be profoundlie considerit and pausit upon. I think, for my pur wit, your grace and counsale suld nocht lichly thir sayingis bot heir tham, and to send the said sir George to that effect peraventur thingis may be commonit and brocht to sum stay without tinsale of freindis. I haif schewin to the ambassatour of Fraunce all thir materis and I traist the king of France sall haist advertisment be post and answer at your grace haistelie. My lord, I pray God that your grace and consale answer wele for the honour of God and commoun wele of the realme. Forther, my lord, and it pleis your grace luke upon mony and divers writingis send be me to your grace thir mony dais past declarand this army tobe set forwart be sey and land in the end of this moneth, ye sall find you sufficientle advertist; and merwellis that ye war nocht satefiit therinto, for I abhorrit awayis lesingis learis and flatteraris. I dreid ye will nocht gif credence quhill ye se thame cum in at the dur. And, further, Peter will declair to your grace quhat he seis; and almychty God conserve your grace. Of London, the x day of August. Your gracis servitour ADAM OTTERBURN. [\Endorsed:\] (\M=e=\) Adam Hotbourne.

[} [\CXX\] }] [} [\OTTERBURN TO CARDINAL BEATON\] }] [\Edinburgh, 8th April (1546).\] TO MY LORD CARDINALL OF SANCTANDROIS AND LEGAIT. My lorde, I commend my hartlie service humlie to your lordschip quham plesit to wit that I ressavit your writting

makand mentioun that ye ar aggreit with Oliver Sinclare of the quhilk I am content and desiris that all men satisfy and pleis your lordschip in all behalffis: and quhair your lordschip writtis that Oliver Sinclare menis him to your lordschip that I am scharpe to him, quhilk is nocht of verite, for thir twa yeris bipast I have assolzeit him fra day to day and moneth to moneth in hoipe of payment and gif this be scharpnes your lordschip may juge: and quhair your lordschip thinkis I suld tak his land in payment I knaw nocht quhair he hes land in Scotland, and suppois he had land I wil tak nane becaus I have bene sua demanyt in the kingis grace tyme and sen syne divers wayis quhilk war lang to rehers that I have na gude to pay my dettis and my dochteris tocher quham I have mariit laitlie except that det. And as to my lorde Borthuik he hes sauld his woll to men that hes put it in Ingland like as all the merchandices and vittales on this syde of the watter passis thair and the said lorde gevis your lordschip litill thankis of thingis past, and Oliver his wyffe and he lyis cursit and aggregit quhilk I traist thai wald nocht do without the hoipe of sum way by my satisfactioun. My lorde I have bene and wilbe als trew to your lordschip as ony kynnisman or servand your lordschip hes. Beseiking your lordschip that ye will nocht gif ane absolutioun without I be satisfiit, for and ye do, ye will put me to uter hirschip quhilk I wait your lordschip will nocht do to me quhilk is your trew servitour. And almychty God preserve your lordschip. Off Edinburcht the viij day of Aprile Be your lordschip himyll servitour AD. OTTERBURN.

[} [\XVII\] }] [} [\COUNTESS OF HUNTLY TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Huntly, 16th August (1543).\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Madame, I commend my hartly service to your grace. It pleis your grace I have resavit your grace writing fra

your servand this berar, makand mentyoun that my lord governour hes rasit ane cursing on my lord and done be his awyn avyce to stop that he cum nocht to your grace at this tyme as your grace is informyt. Madame, I assuyr your grace ye will fynd that informacioune als fals as utheris quhilkis hes bene maid to your grace abefoir. Thair is na syk lettres cumin on my lord as yit as ye wrayt; bot my lord wes informyt that syk lettres wes to cum and hes gottin ane absolucione fra my lord cardinall in aventuyr of the samyn. Madame beleif na uther thing bot my lord wilbe the samyn man he promist to your grace, and hes gottin greyt laubouris be the governouris waye to brak hym fra your purpois: and had tha bene any alteratioun of purposis I suld nocht haf falit till adverteis your grace with deligens and aye salbe redy to do your grace syk plesuyr and service as I ma at all tymes, as knawis God quha mot have your grace in keping eternalye. At Huntlie the xvj daye of august be Youris grace humill servatrice ELIZABETH COUNTESS OF HWNTLYE.

[} [\XXXVI\] }] [} [\CATHERINE BELLENDEN (WIFE OF OLIVER SINCLAIR) TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Edinburgh, 23rd November (1543).\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Madame, efter maist humill commendationis of my puir service to your hienes I am adverteist that your grace belevis that my husband and I ar awand greit soumes of money to your grace for Orknay and Zetland and will nocht pay your grace, and to that effect maister Thomas Makcalzen your graces man of law hes arreistit our schip and guddis and haldin the samyn this moneth bygane, quhairthrow we haif tynt the mercat that we suld haif maid money of our penny worthis to our greit skaith and dammage be ressoun that I mycht nocht cum to get souerte to lows the said arreistment becaus I haif bein under greit seiknes and wthir trublis this lang tyme bygane; the quhilk I traist and your grace had bein weill informyt your grace wald nocht haif gart trubill our geir in the maner as it was. Madame, your grace sall wnderstand we haif nocht tane wp ane penny of Orknay nor Zetland nor will nocht get quhill efter this nixt Belten and we are informyt your grace hes set the saidis landis to my lord of Huntlie the quhilk purposis to be thair or than, and to tak wp the saidis frutis gif sabeis we suld pay na thing; thairfor, will your grace be sa gracious to ws as to ratife our fyve yeris tak quhilk our maister quhom God assoilze set to ws, we sall mak

your grace thankfull payment at your grace plesour as I wrait to your grace of befoir, for we think greit lak to gang fra our native rowmes quhilk my husband and his surname hes brukit thir thre or four hundreth yeris, considering that we ar in will to mak als gude payment to your grace as ony that can dissyre it. Beseikand your grace to schaw this gentill man, the berar of this bill, quhat your grace intendis to do to ws and quhat we sall lyppin to; and Eternall God keip your grace and your graces successioun in all haill and weilfair. Writtin at Edinburgh the xxiij day of November be Your gracis humill servatris KATHERINE BELLENDEN.

[} [\XCVI\] }] [} [\COUNTESS OF MORAY TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Elgin, 14th March (1544-5).\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Mademe, efter humill commendatione of my service to your grece I thank your grece of your guid mynd and deid schawyn to me be my eme of Caldar. As yit I am nocht obeyit of my hwis of Darnway nor yit of your grecis hwsis of Ros, nochtwithstandyng the quenis grecis your dochteris schargis wsit on the withhaldaris of the said hwsis, quhilk causis me to be ewill obeyit of my hwsbandis restis awcht to your grece and wderis. Nochtwithstanding, I haif wrytin owir to merchandis of Edinburgh to caus your grece be answerit of thre hundret punde of

mwnye and the lawe salbe had with diligens. Quhowbeid I had mwny in this cuntre I durst nocht send it owir be ressone of my serwandis at war spwilzeit be the get. Quhow swne I haif putt ordir heir sall hest me to your grece and mak compleit payment of all restis bygane. I haif ane tryist with my lord of Huntlie in this wlk to se gyf I may pleis his lordship, and ther efter sall adverteis your grece of all thynges; quhome God mot haif in his kepyng. At Elgyne, the xiiij day of Marche be Your grace at command and service ELIZABETH CONTAS OF MURRAY.

[} [\CX\] }] [} [\COUNTESS OF MORAY TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Dingwall, 21st November (1545).\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Mademe, efter maist hertle commendatione of my service to your grace, rasavit ane writting of your grace this xx day of Novembere daitit at Stryvelyng the xv day

of Octobere, desyrand me to mak gud and haiste payment of this Martymes terme. I beleif the maist effek of the Martymes terme in money is dischargit to me be your grace assingnaisions maid to Sir Watter Ogilby and the knycht of Cauder, quhilk is in the haill v=c= mark, quhilk thai haif tayne payment of at my hand, by uther allowans that is ordiner, quhilk your grace sall knaw at my comptes. As for your grace fermes, it is weill knawin the tyme of yeyr is nocht as yeit to sell ony fermis and merchantis nocht travalyng in the cuntreth as in pesable tyme, therfor can nocht get the money therof haistelie without I do my self gret inconvenyent and skayth, quhilk I wait your grace desyris nocht considerand [{the{] gret cost and cummer I haif tayne and maid in putting [{your{] grace landes and tennandis in rest and peis, quhilk I trast [{I hai{]f done conformand to your grace mynd at my departing. [{Nocht?{] the les, the money I may get sall do delygens and send to you. As for preceptis, beseikis your grace to send nayne to me bot sik as will gif me day that I may mak payment one [{without?{] hurting me, and sall mak als thankfull payment to your grace as ony uther serwis you, will God, quha haif your grace in eternall keiping. At Dyngwall, this xxj day of November be Your grace at command of my service ELIZABETH CONTAS OF MURRAY. [} [\CXI\] }] [} [\COUNTESS OF MORAY TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Cawdor, November (1545).\] Mademe, eftere humle commendatione of my service to your grace, I haif bene doand part of besynes and service

consernyng your grace and hes put your landis of Ros to the best poynt I mycht, swa that all the landit men and utheris inhabetaris of the landis of Ros are rade to do your grace service and honour as thai be chargit. And hes maid provesione for keiping of your tennandis fra oppressione and sorny[{ng{] the best I could, howbeit the same hes bene costlie to me as your grace may consider, quhilk I req ... that ... consider[{yng?{] your grace mynd schawing to me at departing ... understand that the martymes terme in money will be na thing ... effek by your grace assingnations and the wittall sillver of this ... in the yard may nocht be payit to eftere candillmes that schipis may haif passaig without ony gret skayth, quhilk I traist your grace desyris nocht. Therfor I beseikis your grace send na preceptis for na money to me quhill the said tyme, for I am weray layth to disobey ony thing ye will desyre me do, as knawis God, q[{uha{] mot haif your grace ever in his keiping. Of Cawder, this ... Novembere. Your grace at command of my service ELIZABETH CONTAS OF MORAY.

[} [\CXVI\] }] [} [\COUNTESS OF ATHOL TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Dunkeld, 14th January (1545-6).\] Mademe, eftir maist hummill service and prayaris unto your graice, pleis be remembrit how your graice wrait to my lord governour and to my lord cardinall in favouris of your graice trew servitour Sir Adame Otirbourn and be your graice request that tym Sir Adem was contenwat. Mademe, ples your graice ther is laitle an sommondis of tresson raissit on Sir Adem and apon his son Jhon Otirburn quha mariit the erle Athollis cister, and surle Sir Adem is haldin innocent and sic thingis allegit be his small freyndis. Mademe, he is agit and of greit exsperienc and haldin evir [{in{] tymis passit of wisdom, quharfor it suld

no[{cht{] be an presumption nor synister information [{that{] suld hurt sic a man in his faym nor [{gud?{] is: attour, he is now veseit be infirmite. And for his son and your grace servitrice his s[{pous{], thar can nocht be imput to tham, quha suld [{nocht?{] be trowblit. Thir premiss beand considerit [{be?{] your grace gret wisdom, we all your grace servitouris, the frendis of Sir Adem his son and his spois, traistis surle in your grace help, and that now as of befor your grace will be his gracios pryncis and gud mastres, quham in to is his and ouris your servitouris confidens to get him and his son dischargit of all sic trowblis; quhilkis we maist hum[{i{]lle besek your grace to do for his innocence and our pwre service. The eternell God conserve your grace. Of Dunkeld, this xiiij day of Januarye be your grace mast humell servitrice COMPTAS OF ATHOLL.

[} [\CXCIII\] }] [} [\LADY HOME TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Edinburgh, 28th December (1548).\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Madem, I commend my hartly servis to your grace, ples your grace to ramemer of my wryting my dochter broht, - it is fulfald lossing to God. My son Alexander had cumit to your grace wyth the ferst tidengis bot my lord Huntle said he sold send, and ther efter be at your

grace hem self. My son Andro was at the plas woning prenssipall, and his cusing John Hom wyth hem the lard of Coldonknous and young Alexander Hom and the lard of Melarstanis. Thar wald na uder of the garesonis pas vyth my son. Well plis your grace to cum to Edenbrught vyth all delygens and lay garisonis in the Hom, ther salbe uder thingis doun, wel God. And ilk man wilbe wellmyndit, ther wilbe few Inglis men in Scotland be lyf. Your grace mon cas gret delygens be mad for support to the plas of adventour it be put at be Inglis men. Had the hale garisonis past vyth my son Andro, Kelso had beyn won to. All our asperans is in your grace, thar for do as your grace plessis. Your grace ramemeris I dysirit part of support quhen your grace thinkis expedyent. I wald ye gef it to my dochter to send to me for I haf gret mister. Quhat your grace list command, wryt and it sall be doun, well God, quha preserve your grace eternally. Wretin of Edenborght, the xxviij day of Dyssembar be your graceis humell servetour MARYON LADY HOM. [\Endorsed:\] (\M. le conte Mareschal.\)

[} [\CCI\] }] [} [\LADY HOME TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Home, 9th March (1548-9).\] TO THE QUENIS GRAS. Madem, I comend my hartly serwis to your grace. Pleis you to be advertesit that thar is cumit serten of

Inglis men to Beryk ma nor wes of befor, bot I belef tha well nocht all be thre thousand men. Caus wait one the fortht of Inaresk sa mony as is nedfull, and maik for suir advertisment in tha parttis, that tha be nocht stoun on. Als sua I beseik your grace to caus my son and all uder Scottis men that ye ma forga to cum in this cuntre, for ther welbe besyn[{e{]s about this toun or ellis in som uder pairt in this cuntre. The French men that wes heyr cald not agre with the capeden wes sent to tham, and said to hem they aucht na servis to the king, and we haf caussit hem to send for uderis sa mony as plissis hem, and pout tham away. This last rad was mad in Ingland has doun na gud, bot maid our inimeis harde, and quhill it be mendit the Inglis men well never trast to geit skath. Your grac maun be vere scherp batht on the Franch men and on the Scottis men or it will nocht be weill; yet ader to do as aferis to tham or lat it be, tha mecht never getin sa gud ane tym. Pardon me that writtis sa hamly to your grac, for in gud feth it cumis of ane gud hart as than [\sic\] that loifis bath the honour of Scotland and Frans. Forder, God keip your grace. Writin of Hom, the ix day of Merch be your gracis servetour MARION LADY HOM.

[} [\CCV\] }] [} [\LADY HOME TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Home, 20th March (1548-9).\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Madem, I commend my hartly serves to your grace, sertifying your grace that the hors men of ther parttis of Ingland that wes at Hatington past by this plas on Tysday. And it is said be part of Inglis men, had the Franch men in Dombar beyn half parte to tham, thar had few Inglis men past away. I exort your grace to caus the French men that sold cum heir to this plas of Hom to be heir wyth delygens and that tha be honest men that will anser of ther lyf and honnour to the kingis henes of Franc and your grace, and that tha breng na man wyth tham to be thar sudaris and servetoris bot quhilk is well gifin: for your grace is knawin of Inglis men the mallis tha haf to Scottis men, and prenspale to us, and tha well nocht spair noder for cost nor travell to haf this plas. And thar is four of the French menis

servandis that is now in this plas past to Ingland and ane of them toik capeden Nicollayis blak hors vyth hem, and tha ar in Northam. Your grace moun caus vevaris to cum vyth the Franch men both of weyn and flour and uder nessesares, for thar is lytell to geit in this cuntre, and tha ma sell it agayn to the soudarttis and brew beir to tham, and tak up thar wagis thar for, and by in to tham agayn, sa thay well be well fornist and your grace to haf na tensall. Efter that the French men cum to this plas to raman, and the cuntre brokin fra all assirans and som punist for offenssis doun, I well cum and speik vyth your grace, quhar your grace sall knaw all thingis conserning this cuntre. And God preserv your grac. Of Hom, the xx=ti= day of March, be your gracis servatour at command MARYON LADY HOM. [\Endorsed:\] (\Le conte mareschal.\) [} [\CCVI\] }] [} [\LADY HOME TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Home, 28th March (1549).\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Madem, I commend my hartly servis to your grace. Plis your grace that the Inglis men is marwelis dysplessit of this last carmis that my son our threw tham, and tha wellien contant, and dystrow all this cuntre, quhar for I pra your grace caus the leutenand wyth the garisonis to sped tham our. Als sua I beseik your grace to be gud

prenssis to the Spangyarttis and lat tham cum agayn, for tha do lyk noble men, and als suay the Mour. He is als scharp ane man as rydis, beseking your grace to be gud prenssis unto him. I wald your grace caussit the Franch men to cum to this plas. Thar is not xxx in to it, and tha ar our few quhan the Scottis men ridis forth; and gar vevaris cum to tham. Forder as accuris I sall adverttis your grace. The Spangya[{r{]ttis is awand bath mony that I caussit men len tham and als to the pur wyfis in this toun for ther expenssis, and the Franch men in lyk maner to the wyfis, that the pur folkis ma furneis na mar wyth out tha geit payment, as your grace ma well conseder. I dout nocht bot your grace well caus all to be payit. And the eternell God pryserw your grace. Wrytin of Hom, the xxviij day of March be your gracis humell servetour MARYON LADY HOM.

[} [\CCXXXII\] }] [} [\LADY GRAY TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Edinburgh, 18th November (1550).\] TO THE QWENIS GRACE DROWRIARE OF SCOTLAND. Eftir maist humill commendatioun of service unto your grace pleis the samin, your grace being rememberit how oft tymes I spak for the releif of my husband, that I and his bairnis mycht haif ane lyfe, and my spous to serve the king of France and your grace, as our soveranis maist derest moder, and now sen youre graces depairting of Scotland my said spous is deliverit in my lord ambassatouris and lieutennentis keping in the castell of Blaknes, - quhair your grace may mak me and my bairnis to haif

support be releving of my said spous. Beseiking your grace for merite of God and the service that his blude and myne may do, that your grace wilbe gracious quene and lady to him at this tyme, owthir tobe relevit undir quhat plegeis and conditionis your grace will think expedient, and to remane in Scotland, or to be relevit and cum in France to serve as the kingis majestie and your grace will gif command; for we ar aluterly herriit in tymes bigane, as your grace knawis ane pairt therof. I neid nocht truble your grace with lang lettir, for all the mater hes bene sa oft reheirsit that ye knaw the samin, and now without your help I and my bairnis wilbe herriit and distroyit be povirte for evir, quhilk your grace pleis help and our prayeris and service salbe evir to your grace as knawis God, quha preserve your grace in lang lyfe and prosperous estait with the hevin at your depairting. Writting of Edinbrucht, the xviij day of November be Your graces maist humill servant MARION LADY GRAY.

[} [\CCLI\] }] [} [\LADY OF BUCCLEUCH TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Edinburgh, 28th January 1553-4.\] TO THE QUENYS GRACE. Madame, eftir maist humyll commendatioun of service, empleis your grace be advertisit I have tareit heir thir aucht days bipast in houp of your cumyng to this towne: awating thaireupone to haif spoking your grace at lenth in all my necessar besiness, for my suyr traist and asperance is onelie in your grace above all utheris of this realme. And I with all frendis pertening me salbe your trew servitouris in all sic behalfis as ye pleis command ws. Besekand your grace to send me advertisment gif ye intend to be heir schortlie or nocht, for I will await yit ferder upone your cumyng. I haif committit sum part of my mynd be toung to my broder the berar heirof, quhairto pleis your grace geif credit. And God almychting preserve

your grace eternalie. Off Edinburgh, the xxviij of Januar 1553. be your oratrix JANAT BEATOUN LADY OF BWKCLWTHT.

[} [\CCLXII\] }] [} [\COUNTESS OF ERROLL TO THE QUEEN REGENT\] }] [\Perth, 14th November (1554?)\] TO THE QUENIS GRACE. Madame, eftyr maist hwmyll commendatione with serveis and prayarris, your grace plais wit that, nochtwithstending

the promissis my lord my husband maid to your grace - that I in all behalffis suld be wssit and traittit as his wyff and according to my facultye - he nevertheless at this tyme is far chengit frome that purpois and frome the keping of his said promissis. He hes laid to my charge and desyrit me to refar me to freindis twiching the modefeing of my sustentatione. I was contentit that he suld wis the counsall of his awin freyndis as he thocht best; bot as for my pairt I wald refar that matter to nane udyr bot to your grace. And sen syne he hes requyrit me na fordyr, and gyff he continew in the sammyn mynd he is in, on fors I man cum and tak my sustentatione of your grace quhyll your grace provide sum way that I may have my honest leving. Quhilk being providit, considderand my lord is nodyr desyrus nor contentit with my companye, I will cum and spend the sammyn in your gracis serweis. Attour, this Wednisday I haif spokin [^EDITOR'S EMENDATION ha[{if spo?{]kin^] # with my lord quhay hes declarit his mynd to me, sayand that he can in na [^EDITOR'S EMENDATION # [{in n?{]a^] way stand content with me, allegand me to be participant and fortefiar of your brokin men quhilk maid the spoilze upone his guddis. It may be weill knawin that I wald desyr na skayth nodyr to hym me nor my bernis, seing that his skayth is bayth myne and my bernis als weill as his. Swa I have na refuge bot unto your grace, and without your grace put sum remade to this besenes I persave na wder thing bot the wtter confusione of his hous me and my bernis. And as to the furnissing of me, the maister my sone will schaw your grace of that and all wdyr my affairris, to quhome your grace plais gyff crydens. Besekand your gud grace to adverteis me with my said sone quhat your grace thinkis best that I do in all behalfis: and the Lord God

haiff your gude grace evir in his twischione and keping. At Pe[{r{]tht, the xiiij day of November be your gracis humble servitrice at command and powar MARGARET COWNTES OF ERROLL.

[} [\CCXC\] }] [} [\COUNTESS OF MONTROSE TO THE QUEEN DOWAGER\] }] [\Kincardine, 6th April (1547 or earlier).\] [\ ... \] the twa hundretht crounis I lent your graice, that I may heff tham now agane in my mistir .... And it vill pleis your graice deliver tham to the berar. [\ ... \] be your grace humille servitrice at hir wter powar COMITACE OF MONTROS.'

[} [\CCXCIII\] }] [} [\LADY HOME TO THE QUEEN'S GRACE\] }] [\Thorntoun, 5th July (after 1550).\] TO THE QUENEIS GRACE. Madam, efter maist hertlie and hummill commandatioun of service I haif resavit ane writting fra yowr grace the thrid day of this instant moneyth of July, makeand mensioun that Johne Otterburne of the Ryd hall hes said that he hes the landis of Monynettis in herytege. His father and he hes had thame in lang possessioun. Trowth it is my lord my husband set that steiding to his father to haif doun him sertane profeitis and plesur, quhilk wes

nocht yit doun as yowr grace sall knaw at mair lenth. Quhair he sayis that I alege that his tennandis hes rewin the cowmoun of Thornetown, it is na alegeance bot in werray deid that he hes tane in in sewerall to him self in corne and gyrs neir twa myle off eird, and this said cowmoun partenis to the lard of Innerweik and the lordschip of Feirstoun and me. And I desyrit the tennandis thir twa zeir by past to desyst fra brekin of the ground and thai promeist that thai sould proseid na forther. Nochtwithstanding thai haif menurit, quhilk is contrare ressoun and gud quentence. And quhair he sayis that I intend to mak conwocatioun of our soverane ladyis legis with thair catell and hors to eit and destroy the corneis, trewlie I never intendit sic ane thing, howbeit that it mycht be doun of rason. I traist in yowr grace that ye will caus me haif justyce quhensumever that I will complene of him or of ony wtheris, and I sall never make occacioun of ony inobedyence to yowr graceis awthorate, bot sall be glaid to set it furth als far as is in my possabelyte. The tennandis of Johne Otterburneis tuke in this land in the tyme of the Inglismen quhen thai war assurit, and did me mekill mair skayth he and his frendis in that tyme, as yowr grace sall knaw at mair lenth. Thai haif bayth maid me the falt and the fyrst plent. I never maid faill to na creature nor never sall, with the grace of God, quha mot preserve yowr grace in saule and body. Writtin of Thornetoun, the fyft day of July, be yowr graceis hummill obedyent servitor MARYON LADY HOM. [^THE NEW TESTAMENT IN SCOTS. BEING PURVEY'S REVISION OF WYCLIFFE'S VERSION TURNED INTO SCOTS BY MURDOCH NISBET. ED. T.G. LAW. VOL. II. SCOTTISH TEXT SOCIETY, 49. EDINBURGH AND LONDON 1903. PP. 2.1-22.11 (I,1-V,40)^]

[}OF SANCTE JOHNNE THE FIRST CHAPTURE.}] In the begynnyng was the word, and the word was at God, and God was the word. This was in the begynnyng at God. Al thingis war made be him, and without him was made na thing. That thing that was made [\made ADDED IN MARGIN, MS\] in him was lijf: and # the lijf was the licht of men: And the licht schynes in mirknessis, and mirknessis comprehendit nocht it. A man was send fra God, to quham the name was Johne. This man com into witnessing, that he suld bere witnessing of the licht, that al men suld beleue be him. He was nocht the licht, bot that he suld bere witnessing of the licht. Thare was a verray licht, quhilk lichtnys ilk man that cummis into this warld. He was in the warld, and the warld was made be him, and the warld knew him nocht. He com into his awn thingis, and his resauet him nocht. Bot how mony euire resauet him, he gafe to thame powere to be made the sonnis of God, to thame that beleuet in his name; The quhilkis nocht of bludes, nouther of the will of flesch, nouther of the will of man, bot ar born of God. And the word was made man, and has duelt amang vs, and we haue seen the glorie of him, as the glorie of the aan begottin sonn of the fader, full of grace and of treuth. Johnne beris witnessing of him, and cries, and sais, This is quham I said, He that sal cum eftir me, is made before me, for he was before me; And of the plentee of him we all haue takin, and grace for grace. For the law was gevin be Moyses; bot grace and treuth is made be Jesu Crist. Na man saw euir God: bot the aan begottin sonn that is in the bosum of the fader he has tald out. And this [{is{] the witnessing of Johnne, quhen Jewis send fra Jerusalem preestis and deknys to him, that thai suld ask him, Quha art thou?

And he knawlechit, and denyit nocht. And he knawlechit, For I am nocht Crist. And thai askit him, Quhat than? Art thou Hely? And he said, I am nocht. Art thou a prophet? And he ansuerd, Nay. Tharfore thai said to him, Quha art thou? that we geue ane ansuere to thir that send vs. Quhat sais thou of thi self? And he said, I am a voce of a criar in desert, Dresse ye the way of the Lord, as Esaie, the prophet, said. And thai that war send war of the Phariseis. And thai askit him, and said to him, Quhat than babtyses thou, gif thou art nocht Crist, nowthir Hely, nouthir a prophet? Johnne ansuerde to tham, and said, I baptyse in watir, bot in the middis of you has standin aan that ye knaw nocht; He it is, that sall cum eftir [{me{] , that was made before me, of quham I am nocht worthi to lows the thuang of his scho. Thir thingis war done in Bethany beyond Jordan, quhare Johnne was baptysand. Ane vthir day Johne saw Jesu cummand to him, and he said, Lo! the lambe of God; lo! he that takis away the synnis of the warlde. This is he that I said of, Eftir me is cummin a man, quhilk was made before me; for he was rathare than I. And I knew him nocht, bot that he be schewit in Jsrael, tharfor I am baptizing in watire. And Johnne baire witnessing, and said, That I saw the spirit cummande doun as a dow fra heuen, and duellit on him. And I knew him nocht; bot he that send me to baptize in watire said to me, On quham thou seis the Spirit cummyng doun, and duelling on him, this is he that baptizis in the Haligaast. And I saw, and baire witnessing, that this is the sonn of God. Ane vthir day Johnne stude, and twa of his discipilis, And he beheld Jesu gangand, and said, Lo! the lambe of God. And twa discipilis herd him spekand, and followit Jesu. And Jesus turnit, and saw thame followand him, and said to thame, Quhat seke ye? And thai said to him, Rabbi (that is to say, Maistir), quhare duellis thou? He sais to thame, Cum ye and se. And thai com, and saw quhare he duellit; and duelt with him that day. And it was as the tent houre.

And Andro, the bruther of Symon Petir, was aan of the twa that herde of Johnne and had followit him. This fand first his bruther Symon, and he said to him, We haue fundin Messias, that is to say, Crist; And he ledde him to Jesu. And Jesus beheld him, and saide, Thou art Symon, the sonn of Johanna; thou salbe callit Cephas, that is to say, Petir. And on the morn he wald gaan out into Galilee, and he fand Philip, and he sais to him, Follou thow me. Philip was of Bethsaida, the citee of Andro and of Petir. Philip fand Nathanahel, and said to him, We haue fundin Jesu, the sonn of Joseph, of Nazareth, quham Moyses wrate in the law and the prophetis. And Nathanahel said to him, Of Nazareth may sum gude thing be? Phillip said to him, Cum and se. Jesus saw Nathanahel cumming to him, and said of [\of WRITTEN # ABOVE to DELETED\] him, Lo! verralie a man of Israel, in quham is na gile. Nathanahel said to him, Quharof has thou knawne me? Jesus ansuerde, and said to him, Before that Phillip callit thee, quhen thou was vndir the fig tre, I saw thee. Nathanahel ansuerde to him, and said, Rabbi, thou art the sonn of God, thou art king of Israel. Jesus ansuerde, and said to him, For I said to thee I saw thee vndir the fig tre, thou beleues; thou sal se maire than thir thingis. And he said to thame, Trewlie, trewlie, I say to yow, ye sal se heuen opnyt, and the angels of God ascending and cummyng doun on mannis sonn.

[}THE SECUNDE CHAPTURE}] Ande the thrid day weddingis war made in the Chane of Galilee; and the moder of Jesu was thare. And Jesus was callit, and his discipilis, to the weddingis. And quhen the wyne failyeit, the moder of Jesu said to him, Thai haue nocht wyne. And Jesus said to hir, Quhat to me and to thee, woman? my houre com nocht yit. His moder sais to the mynistaris, Quhat euir thing he say to you, do ye. And thar war set sex staan cannis, eftir the clengeing of the Jewis, haldand ilkaan ij or thre metretis. And Jesus sais to thame, Fill ye the pottis with watire. And thai fillit thame vp to the mouth. And Jesus said to thame, Draw ye now, and bere ye to the architriclyn. And thai baire. And quhen the architriclyne had taastit the watir made wyne, and wist nocht quharof it was, bot the ministaris wist that drew the watire, the architriclyn callit the spouse, And sais to him, Ilk man settis first gude wyne, and quhen men ar fulfillit, than that that is wers; bot thou has kepit the gude wyne into this tyme. Jesus did this the beginnyng of signes in the Chane of Galilee, and schewit his glorie; and his discipilis beleuet into him. Eftir thir thingis he com doun to Capharnaum, and his moder, and his brether, and his discipilis; and thai duelt nocht thare mony dais. And the pasche of Jewis was neire, and Jesus went vp to Jerusalem. And he fand in the tempile men selland oxen, and schepe, and dowis, and changeris sittand. And quhen he had made as it war a scurge of smal cordis, he draue out all of the tempile, and oxen and schepe; and he sched the money [\money WRITTEN ABOVE mony DELETED\] of changeris, and # turnit vpsadoun the burdis. And he said to thame that sald culueris (or dowis), Tak away fra hyne thir thingis, and will ye nocht mak the hous of my fader ane hous of merchandice. And his discipilis had mynd, for it was writtin, The feruent lufe of thin hous has eten me. Tharfor the Jewis ansuerd, and said to him, Quhat takin schewis thou to vs that thou dois thir thingis? Jesus ansuerd, and said to thame, Vndo ye this tempile, and in thre dais I sal raase it.

Tharfor the Jewis said to him, In fourty and sex yeris this tempile was biggit, and sal thou in thre dais raase it? Bot he said of the tempile of his body. Tharfore quhen he was risen fra deid, his discipilis hadde mynd that he said thir [\thir CORRECTED OUT OF this: thingis # ADDED ABOVE THE LINE\] thingis of his body; and thai beleuet to the scripture, and to the word that Jesus said. And quhen that Jesus was at Jerusalem in the pasche, in the feest day, mony beleuet in his name, seand the signes he did. Bot Jesus trowit nocht him self to thame, for he knew al men; And for it was nocht nede to him that ony man suld bere witnessing, for he wist quhat was in man.

[}THE IIJ CHAPTURE.}] And thar was a man of the Phariseis, Nichodeme be name, a prince of the Jewis. And he com to Jesu be nycht, and said to him, Rabbi, we wate that thou art cummyn fra God maister; for na man may do thir signes that thou dois, bot gif God be with him. Jesus ansuerde, and said to him, Treulie, treulie, I say to thee, bot gif a man be born agane, he may nocht se the kingdome of God. Nicodeme said to him, How may a man be born quhen he is ald? quhethir may he entir agane into his moderis wambe, and be born agane? Jesus ansuerd, Treulie, treulie, I say to thee, bot a man be born agane of watir and of the Haligast, he may nocht entir into the kingdome of God. That that is born of flesch, is flesch; and that that is born of the spirit, is spirit. Wonndir thou nocht for I said to thee, It behuves you to be born agane. The spirit inspires quhare he will, and thou heris his voce, bot thou wate nocht quhar fra it cummis, na quhare he gais; sa is ilk man that is born of the spirit. Nicodeme ansuerde, and said to him, How may thir thingis be done? Jesus ansuerde, and said to him, Thou art a maistir in Jsrael, and knawis nocht thir thingis? Treulie, treulie, I say to thee, for we speke that that we wate, and we witnes that that we haue seen, and ye tak nocht oure witnessing. Gif I haue said to you erdlie thingis, and ye beleue nocht, how gif I say to you heuenlie thingis, sall ye beleue? And na man ascendis into heuen, bot he that com doun fra heuen, mannis sonn that is in heuen. And as Moyses raasit a serpent in desert, sa it behuves mannis sonn to be raasit, That ilk man that beleues in him perise nocht, bot haue euir lasting lif. For God luvet sa the warld, that he gafe his aan begottin sonn, that ilk man that beleues in him perise nocht, bot haue euirlastand lif. For God send nocht his sonn into the warld that he iuge the warld, bot that the warld be sauet be him. He that beleues in him is nocht demyt; bot he that beleues nocht is now demyt, for he beleues nocht in the [\AFTER the, aan begottin DELETED\] name of the # aan begottin sonn of God. And this is the dome, for licht com into the warld, and men luvit maire mirknessis than licht; for thar werkis war euile.

For ilk man that dois euile hatis the licht; and he cummis nocht to the licht, that his werkis be nocht repreuet. Bot he that dois treuth, cummis to the licht, that his werkes be schewit, that thai ar done in God. Eftir thir thingis Jesus com, and his discipilis, into the land of Judee, and thare he duelt with thame, and baptizit. And Johnne was baptizand in Ennon, beside Salem, for mony watris war thare; and thai com, and ware baptizit. And Johnne was nocht yit send into presoun. Tharfore a questioun was made of Johnnis discipilis with the Jewis, of the purificatioun. And thai com to Johnne, and said to him, Maister, he that was with the beyonde Jordan, to quham thou has born witnessing, lo! he baptizis, and al men cummis to him. Johnne ansuerde and said, A man may nocht tak ony thing, bot it be gevin to him fra heuen. Ye you self beris witnessing to me that I said, I am nocht Crist, bot that I am send before him. He that has a wif is the husbande; bot the frende of the spouse that standis, and heris him, joyis with joy for the voce of the spouse. Tharfor in this thing my ioy is fulfillit. It behuvis him to wax, bot me to be made lesse. He that com fra abone, is aboue all; he that [\AFTER that, spek DELETED\] is of the erde, spekis of # the erde; he that cummis fra heuen, is abone alle. And he witnessis that thing that he has seen, and herde, and na man takis his witnessing. Bot he that takis his witnessing, has confermyt that God is suthfast. Bot he quham God has send spekis the wordis of God; for nocht to mesure God gevis the spirit. The fader luvis the sonn, and he has gevin althingis in his hand. He that beleues in the sonn, has euirlastand lif; bot he that is vnbelefull to the sonn, sal nocht see euirlastand lif, bot the ire of God duellis on him.

[}THE IIIJ CHAPTUR.}] Tharfor as Jesus knew, that the Phariseis herde, that Jesus makis and baptizis ma discipilis than Johnne, Thouch Jesus baptisit nocht, bot his discipilis, He left Judee, and went agane into Galilee. And it behuvit him to passe bee Samarie. Tharfore Jesus com into a citee of Samarie, that is said Sychar, beside the place that Jacob gafe to Joseph, his sonn. And the well of Jacob was thare; and Jesus was wery of the journay, and sat thus vponn the well. And the houre was, as it war the sext. And a woman com fra Samarie to draw watir. And Jesus sais to hir, Gefe me drink. And his discipilis war gaan into the citee to by mete. Tharfore that ilk woman of Samarie sais to him, How thou, sen thou art a Jew, askis of me drink, that am a woman of Samarie; for Jewis vsit nocht to mele with Samaritanis. Jesus ansuerde, and said to hir, Gif thou wist the gift of God, and quha is he that seis to thee, Gefe me drink, thou perauenture wald haue askit of him, and he suld haue gevin to thee quick watir. The woman sais to him, Sire, thou hast nocht quharin to draw, and the pitt is deep; quharof than has thou quick watir? Quhethir gif thou art gretare than oure fader Jacob, that gafe to vs the pitt? and he drank tharof, and his sonnis, and his beestis. Jesus ansuerde, and said to hir, Ilk man that drinkis of this watire sal [\sal...watire ADDED IN MARGIN\] threst eftsone; bot he # that drinkis of the watire that I sal gefe to him, sall nocht threst withoutin end; Bot the watir that I sal gefe to him salbe made in him a well of watir, springand vp into euirlasting lif. The woman sais to him, Sir, geue me this watire, that I threst nocht, nouther cum hiddir to draw. Jesus sais to hir, Ga, call thin husband, and cum hiddir. The woman ansuerde, and saide, I haue naan husband. Jesus [\AFTER Jesus, ansuerd and said DELETED\] sais # to hir, Thou said [\said CORRECTED OUT OF sais\] wele, That I haue naan husband; For thou has had five husbandis, and he that thou has now, is nocht thin husband. This [\AFTER # this, tho IN MS\] thing thou has said trewlie. The woman sais to him, Lord, I se that thou art a prophete.

Oure fadris wirschippit in this hill, and ye say that at Jerusalem is a place, quhare it behuvis to wirschip. Jesus sais to hir, Woman, beleue thou to me, for the houre sal cum, quhen nouthir in this hill, nouthir in Jerusalem, ye sall wirschip the fadere. Ye wirschip that ye knaw nocht; we wirschip that that we knaw; for heil is of the Iewis. Bot the tyme is cummin, and now it is, quhen trew wirschipparis [\wirschipparis IN # CATCHWORD\] sal wirschip the fader in spirit and treuth; for alsa the fader sekes sic that wirschippis him. God is a spirit, and it behuvis thame that wirschippis him, to wirschip in spirit and treuth. The woman said to him, I wate that Messias is cummin, that is said Crist; tharfore quhen he cummis, he sall tell vs al thingis. Jesus sais to hir, I am he, that spekis with thee. And anon his discipilis com, and wonndrit that he spak with the woman; neuirtheles na man said to him, Quhat sekis thou, or, Quhat spekis thou with hir? Tharfore the woman left hir watir pott, and went into the citee, and said to tha men, Cum ye, and se ye a man that said to me all thingis that I haue done; quhethir gif he be Crist? And thai went out of the citee, and com to him. In the meynquhile his discipilis prait him, and said, Maister, ete. Bot he said to thame, I haue mete to ete, that ye knaw nocht. Tharfore the discipilis said togiddir, Quhethir gif ony man has broucht him mete to ete? Jesus sais to thame, My mete is that I do the will of him that send me, that I performe the werk of him. Quhethir ye say nocht, that yit iiii monethis are, and ripe corn cummis? Lo! I say to you, lift vp youre een, and se ye the feeldis, for now thai ar quhite to schere. And he that scheris takis hyre, and gadris fruit into euirlasting lif; that bathe he that sawis, and he that scheris, haue ioy togiddir. In this thing is the word trew, for ane vther is that sawis, and ane vthir that scheris. I send you to schere, that ye haue nocht labourit; vther men haue laborit, and ye haue entrit into thare trauales. And of that citee mony Samaritanis beleuet into him, for the word of the woman that baire witnessing, That he said to me althingis that I haue done.

Tharfor quhen Samaritanis com to him, thai prait him to duelle thare; and he dwellit thare ij dais. And mony ma beleuet for his word, And said to the woman, That now nocht for thi speche we beleue; for we haue herde, and we wate, that this is verralie the saluatour of the warld. And eftir twa dais he went out fra thynne, and went into Galilee. And he baire witnessing, that a prophet in his awn cuntre has na honoure. Tharfore quhen he com into Galilee, men of Galilee resauet him, quhen thai had seen althingis that he had done in Jerusalem in the feest day; for alsa thai had cummin to the feest day. Tharfore he com eftsone into the Chaan of Galilee, quhare he had made the watire wyne. And a litile king was, quhais sonn was seke at Capharnaum. Quhen this had herde, that Jesus suld [\AFTER suld,com DELETED\] cum # fra Iudee into Galilee, he went to him, and prait him, that he suld cum doun, and heil his sonn; for he began to dee. Tharfore Jesus said to him, Bot gif ye se taknis and gret wonndris, ye beleue nocht. The litil king sais to him, Lord, cum doun, before [\before ADDED ABOVE THE # LINE\] that my sonn dee. And Jesus sais to him, Ga, thi sonn levis. The man beleuet to the word that Jesus said to him, and he went. And now quhen he com doun, the seruandis com agane him, and tald to him, and said, That his sonn levit. And he askit of thame the houre in quhilk he was amendit. And thai said to him, For yistirday in the vij houre the feuer left him. Tharfore the fader knew that the ilk houre it was in quhilk Jesus said to him, Thi sonn levis; and he beleuet, and al his hous. Jesus did eftir this secund takin, quhen he com fra Judee into Galilee.

[}THE V CHAPTURE.}] Eftir thir thingis thar was a feest day of the Iewis, and Jesus went vp to Jerusalem. And in Jerusalem is a [\AFTER a, duelling DELETED\] wesching place, that in # Hebrew is namet Bethsaida, and has five porches. In thire lay a multitude of seekmen, blynd, cruket, and dry, abidand the mouyng of the watire. For the angell of the Lord com doun certane tymes into the watire, and the watir was mouet; and he that first com doun into [{the{] cisternn, eftire the mouyng of the watire, was made haal of quhat euiur seeknes he was haldin. And a man was thare, having aucht and thretty yeris in his seeknes. And quhen Jesus had seen him liand, and had knawne that he had mekile tyme, he sais to him, Will thou be made haal? The sekeman ansuerd to him, Lord, I haue na man, that quhen the watir is mouet, to put me into cisterne; for the quhile I cum, ane vthir gais doun before me. Jesus sais to him, Ryise vp, tak thi bedde, and ga. And anon the man was made haal, and tuke vp his bedde, and yede furth. And it was sabot in that day. Tharfor the Iewis said to him that was made haal, It is sabot, it is nocht leefful to thee to tak away thi bedde. He ansuerde to thame, He that made me haal said to me, Tak thi bedde, and ga. Tharfor thai askit him, Quhat man is that that said to thee, Tak vp thi bedde, and ga? Bot he that was made haal, wist nocht quha it was. And Jesus bowit away fra the pepile, that was sett in the place. Eftirwart Jesus fand him in the tempile, and said to him, Lo! thou art made haal; now will thou nocht do synn, or perauenture ony werse thing befall to thee. That ilk man went, and tald to the Iewis, that it was Jesus that made him haal. Tharfore the Iewis persewit Jesu, for he did this thing in the sabot. And Jesus ansuerde to thame, My fader wirkis till now, and I wirk. Tharfor the Jewis soucht maire to sla him, for nocht anly he brak the saboth, bot he said that God was his fader, and made him euen to God. Tharfor Jesus ansuerd, and said to thame, Treuly, treuly, I say to you, The sonn may nocht of him self do ony thing, bot that thing that he seis the fader doand; for quhat euir thingis he dois, the sonn dois in like maner tha thingis.

For the fader luvis the sonn, and schewis to him althingis that he dois; and he sal schew to him gretar werkis than thir, that ye wonndir. For as the fader rases deidmen, and quiknis, sa [\sa CORRECTED OUT OF so\] the sonn # quiknis quham he will. For nouther the fader iuges ony man, bot he has gevin ilk dome to the sonn, That almen honour the sonn as thai honour the fadere. He that honouris nocht the sonn, honouris nocht the fadire that send him. Treulie, treulie, I say to you, he that heris my word, and beleues to him that send me, has euirlasting lif, and he cummis nocht into dome, bot passis fra deid into lif. Treulie, I say to you, for the houre cummis, and now it is, quhen deidmen sal here the voce of Goddis sonn, and [\AFTER and, that DELETED\] thai that heres # sal leef. For as the fader has lif in him self, sa he gave to the sonn, for # [\for ADDED ABOVE THE LINE\] to haue lif in him self; And he gave to him powere to mak dome, for he is mannis sonn. Will ye nocht wonndire this, for the houre cummis, in quhilk almen that ar in birielis sal here the voce of Goddis sonn. And thai that haue done gude thingis sal ga into agane rising of lif; bot thai that haue done euile thingis, into agane rising of dome. I may do nathing of myself, bot as I here, I deme, and my dome is iust, for I seek nocht my will, bot the will of the fadere that send me. Gif I beire witnessing of myself, my witnessing is nocht trew; Ane vthir is that beris witnessing of me, and I wate that his witnessing is trew, that he beris of me. Ye send to Johnne, and he baire witnessing to treuth. Bot I tak na witnessing of man; bot I say thir thingis, that ye be saaf. He was a lanterne birnand and schynand; bot ye wald glaid at ane hour in his licht. Bot I haue maire witnessing than Johnne, for the werkis that my fader gave to me to parforme thame, tha ilk werkis that I do beres witnessing of me, that the fader send me. And the fader that send me, he baire witnessing of me. Nouthir ye herde euir his voce, nouthir ye saw his liknes. And ye haue nocht his word duelling in you; for ye beleue nocht to him, quham he send. Seek ye scripturis, in quhilk ye gesse to haue euirlasting lif; and tha it ar, that beres witnessing of me.

And ye will nocht cum to me, that ye haue lif. I tak nocht clernes of men; Bot I haue knawne you, that ye haue nocht the lufe of God in you. I com in the name of my fadere, and ye tuk nocht me. Gif ane vthir cum in his awne name, ye sal resaue him. How may ye beleue, that resaues glorie ilk of vthir, and ye seek nocht the glorie that is of God allaan? Will ye nocht gesse, that I com to accuse you anentis the fadere; it is Moyses that accusis you, in quham ye hope. For gif ye beleuet to Moyses, peraueuture ye suld beleue alsa to me; for he wrate of me. Bot gif ye beleue nocht to his lettris, how sal ye beleue to my wordis? [^THE ACTS OF THE PARLIAMENTS OF SCOTLAND, 1124-1707, VOLS. I-XII. EDINBURGH 1814-1875. SAMPLE 1: PP. III, 492.52 (1ST COLUMN) - 498.45 (2ND COLUMN) SAMPLE 2: PP. III, 506.20 (1ST COLUMN) - 509.52 (1ST COLUMN) SAMPLE 3: PP. III, 516.8 (2ND COLUMN) - 518.58 (1ST COLUMN) SAMPLE 4: PP. III, 569.22 (1ST COLUMN) - 581.24 (1ST COLUMN) SAMPLE 5: PP. IV, 281.14 (1ST COLUMN) - 300.8 (2ND COLUMN) SAMPLE 6: PP. IV, 612.20 (1ST COLUMN) - 615.34 (1ST COLUMN) SAMPLE 7: PP. IV, 623.1 (2ND COLUMN) - 629.14 (2ND COLUMN)^]

[}RATIFICATIOUN TO S=R= PATRIK WAUS OF BARINBARRAUCH KNYCHT PN~TLIE ANE OF THE KINGIS AMBASSADOURIS IN DENMARK .}] OURE SOUERANE LORD efter his lauchfull and perfite aige of xxj +geiris compleit and generall revocatioun w=t= auis~ of his thre estaittis of parliame~t

Ratifies and apprevis and for his hienes and his successouris perpetuallie co~fermis the charter and infeftment maid be his hienes w=t= auis~ of his hienes comptrollair for +te tyme to his weilbelouit and familiar counsallo=r= S=r= patrik Waus of barinbarrauch knicht ane of +te senatouris of his hienes college of Justice and pn~tlie ane of his hienes ambassado=r=~ direct to +te king of denmark and to +te said s~=r= pat~kis airis and assignais spe~it +t~in Off all and haill the landis of knoktane kildarroch kirrywaltane and fyve merk land of kereburne Liand within +te s~refdome of wigtoun auld kyndlie poss~onis to the said s~=r= patrik and his predicessouris As the samin infeftment of +te dait at halyruidhous~ the xxvij day of November The +geir of god J=m= v=c= fourescore tua +geiris at mair lenth proportis And decernis and ordanis +te said infeftment to be als effectuall and valiable to +tame for bruiking and Josing of +te saidis landis as gif +te same had bene gevin and sett be his hienes efter his said lauchfull and perfite aige of xxj +geiris compleit and generall revocatioun foirsaid [}RATIFICATIOUN TO M=R= GEORGE +GOUNG OF THE ARCHIDENRY OF SANCTANDROIS}] OURE SOUERANE LORD w=t= auis~ and consent of the thre estaittis and haill bodie of +tis pn~t parliame~t Ratifies and apprevis and for his hienes and his successouris perpetuallie confermis the pn~tatioun collatioun and haill p~uisioun of his daylie s~ruand M=r= george +goung in and to the archidenry of Sanctandrois Togidder w=t= the lr~e of tak sett be him to James reid of all and haill the personage and vicarage of rescobie for +te space of Nyntene +geiris payand +tairfoir +geirlie the sowme of aucht scoir m~kis vsuall money of +tis realme As in the said lr~e beiring +te dait the [^BLANK IN THE TEXT^] day of Maij The +geir of god # J=m= v=c= fourescoir sevin +geiris mair fullelie is expressit Willing and granting and for his hienes and his successouris decerni~g and ordaning the said prouisioun and lr~e of tak To haif bene fra +te begini~g and to be in all tymes cuming ferme valide and effectuall to +te said~ M=r= george and James and his assignais induring +te said space without ony pane or danger of nullitie or deprivatioun to be incurrit be +tame +t~foir Notw=t=standing q~tsumeuir act~ of parliament or vther co~stitutioun generall of spe~ale maid or to be maid in the co~trair q=r=anent his hienes w=t= aduis~ foirsaid dispenss~ and dirogattis all force and executioun in +t~ behalffis And for +tat the said M=r= George being subiect to +te daylie and co~tinuall attendance vpone his Ma=tie= can not convenientlie be spairit out of his s~uice to discharge him of the cure quhairvnto be his p~uisioun foirsaid he may appeir to be astrictit and thairw=t= all that co~science and ressoun craves that the kirkis p~teni~g to his benefice sall not be frustrat of sufficient ministeris THAIRFOIR his hienes w=t= auise and consent foirsaid Ratifies apprevis and perpetually confirmis the dispensatioun grantit to him be his

hienes w=t= auis~ and consent of his secreit counsall in Julij The +geir of god J=m= v=c= lxxxv +ge=r=~ And ordinis +te same to be valide and effectuall to him in euery poynt expressit within +te same Prouiding +tat he allow and ans~=r= sic tua mi~steris as salbe pn~tit to him fra tyme to tyme be +te kirk of als grite +geirlie stipendis as hes bene grantit be assignatioun to +tame in ony tyme preceiding And siclyk w=t= auise foirsaid frethis and relevis the said M=r= George of quhatsumeuir impost taxatioun or subsidie to be raisit at ony tyme heirefter for quhatsumeuir cause or occasioun Induring his said lyvetyme discharging all and sindrie his hienes co~missioneris appointit or to be appointit for tryall and ordo=r= taking w=t= non residentis collecto=r=~ of taxationis and subsidies and quhatsumeuer v+ter his hienes Juges and ministeris of lawis of all calling persewing or p~ceiding againis +te said M=r= george for +te causs~ foirsaid~ trubling or executing ony of his hienes lr~es aganis him +t~foir and of +t~ offices in +t=t= p~t . [}RATIFICATIOUN TO M=R= GEORGE +GOUNG AND JOHNNE ANDRO}] ITEM The kingis Ma=tie= w=t= aduise of +te estaittis of +tis pn~t parliament efter his lauchfull and perfite aige of xxj +geiris compleit Ratifies apprevis and confermis the tua giftis and dispositionis maid be his hienes The ane of tua hundreth merkis money of this realme to M=r= George +goung assignit to be payit +geirlie of +te reddiest of his Ma=ties= custumes of +te tron of Edinburgh duri~g all +te dayes of his lyvetyme and +te v+ter of tua hundre=t= m~kis to Johnne andro assignit to be payit +geirlie of +te reddiest siluer maillis of +te fischeingis of +te abbacie of kinlos~ assumit in +te thrid during alsua all +te dayes of his lyvetyme In all and sindrie pointis and clauss~ +tairof decerning and ordaning that the said~ giftis is not nor sall not be comprehendit in ony in his bipast revocationis present or to cum Bot spe~alie exceptit and res~uit furth of +te samin lyk as his Ma=tie= be +tir pn~tis speciallie exceptis and res~uis the foirsaid~ giftis furth of +te said~ revocationis As alsua for +te saidis persounis furder securitie of new gevis gra~tis and disponis to +tame during +t~ lyvetymes as said is the samin pensionis With power to +tame be +tame selffis and +t~ s~uandis in +t~ names to crave ressaue intrometw=t= and vptak the said~ pensionis fra +te perso~nis addettit in payment +tairof +geirlie during +te said space and +tairvpoun to dispone at +t~ ples~=r= Siclyk and alsfrelie as +tai vsit at ony tyme bigane preceiding the dait heirof dischargeing his hienes comptrollair collecto=r= generall and +tair deput~ and offi=r=~ of all craving ressaving or executing of ony lr~es aganis the p~sonis addettit in payment of +te saidis pensionis and of all stope truble or impedime~t making to the saidis M=r= George and Johnne in vptaking of the same +geirly during the said space and of +tair offices in +tat p~t decerning and declairing alsua the same pensionis on na wayes

to be subiect to ony his Ma=ties= reuocationis to be maid heirefter . [}ACT IN FAVO=R= OF THE LADIE BURLY AND HIR BAIRNIS .}] OURE SOUERANE LORD and his thre estaittis of parliame~t haif at lenth sene considerit and vnderstand The act maid in +te parliament haldin at halyruidhous the last day of aprile The +geir of god J=m= v=c= lxxiij +geiris contenand the grant of +te # pacificatioun than co~cluidit and ratifiet in parliament concludit at perth vpoun +te xxiij day of februar The +geir of god J=m= v=c= lxxij +geiris And ratifiet in parliament haldin in +te same moneth of aprile J=m= v=c= lxxiij +geiris To vmqle S=r= James balfour of pettindreich knicht and als his hienes lr~es vnder +te gryte seill of +te dait at halyruidhous~ the xxj day of december J=m= v=c= lxxxiij +geiris And siclike ane decreit ordina~ce and declaratioun maid and gevin be o=r= souerane lord and lord~ of his hienes secreit counsall of the dait at halyruidhous~ the xxiiij day of Januar The +geir of god J=m= v=c= lxxxiij +geiris foirsaid declarand and decernand the signato=r= vpoun the qlk +te said v+ter lr~e vnder his hienes grite seill past to haif bene iustlie and ordourly grantit And ordaning the samin to be insert in +te buikis of secreit counsall and to haif +te strenth of ane decreit +t~of / And alsua ordaning +te said signato=r= and lr~e to be past and exped throw +te seillis as +te same wes direct~ according to +te ordo=r= vsit in sic caiss~ as the said ordinance decreit and declaratioun of the dait foirsaid at mair lenth beiris Togidder w=t= +te v+ter act~ maid in o=r= souerane lord~ parliament haldin at ed~=r= the xxij day of Maij The +geir of god J=m= v=c= lxxxiiij +geiris And ane v+ter act maid in the parliament haldin in the grite hall of +te palace of linly=t=gw the tent day of december the +geir of god J=m= v=c= fourescoir fyve +geiris Ratifeing and appreving the act~ Immediatlie preceiding all tending to +tis effect That o=r= said souerane lord w=t= aduis~ of his secreit counsall and thre estaittis of parliame~t decernit and declairit that the proces~ and sentence of foirfalto=r= led aganis the said vmqle s~=r= James for +te allegeit crymes +tairin contenit wes deulie and ordourlie retreittit be +te said pacificatioun maid and accordit vpone at the burgh of perth vpoun +te said xxiij day of februar The +geir of god J=m= v=c= lxxij +geiris and Ratifiet and apprevit in the said parliament haldin at halyruidhous~ the last day of aprile The +geir of god J=m= v=c= lxxiij +geiris And +tat +te said vmqle S=r= James fra the tyme of the reduction~ +tairof to his deceis~ abaid and remanit o=r= said souerane lordis loyall and dewtifull subiect and +tairfoir that his bairnis and his posteritie sould not be hurte nor harmit be +te said proces and dome of foirfalto=r= led and gevin aganis him nor be act maid in o=r= souerane lordis parliament haldin at Edinbur=t= in the moneth of october The +geir of god J=m= v=c= threscoir nyntene +geiris Be the qlk the said vmqle S=r= James

bairnis and posteritie wes declairit to be vnhable to brouk heretages hono=r=~ landis rowmes or possessionis within this realme for the causs~ and ressonis co~tenit in the saidis actis lr~es decreit and ordina~ces / Quhilkis all and sindrie actis and euery ane of +tame in safar as +te samin micht co~cerne the bairnis and posteritie of the said vmqle S=r= James Oure said souerane lord and his saidis thre estaittis of parliament decernit and declairit to haue bene and to be of na~ avale force nor effect As als o=r= said souerane lord and his thre estaittis of parliament be +te tenno=r= of +te said act of +te dait at ed~=r= the said xxij day of maij The +geir of god J=m= v=c= lxxxiiij +geiris ratifiet and apprevit in the said parliame~t haldin at linly=t=gw the tent day of december the +geir of god J=m= v=c= lxxxv +ge=r=~ decernit and declairit +tat the said~ bairnis and posteritie of +te said vmqle s~=r= James ar and salbe able to bruik and Jose all landis heretageis rowmes and poss~onis acquirit or to be acquirit be +tame and v+teris to the qlk +tai may succeid be +tair said vmqle fader +t~ moder or onie of +tame or q=r=unto euerie ane micht succeid as airis to v+teris to quhatsumeuer v+teris p~sonis siclyk and als frelie as ony v+ter o=r= souerane lord~ lieges may conqueis~ and acquire landis rowmes heretage and poss~onis or succeid +tairto within +tis realme And forder his hienes w=t= aduis~ and consent foirsaid for him and his successo=r=~ renu~cit and dischargeit +te actionis +tat his grace my=t= haif or pn~d aganis the said vmqle S=r= James his memorie airis and posteritie for the causs~ co~tenit in +te said sentence of foirfalto=r= as is mair amplie co~tenit in the said lr~e vnder +te greit seill of +te dait the xxj day of december The +geir of god J=m= v=c= lxxxiij +geiris foirsaid Quhilk lr~e decreit and declaratioun Oure said souerane lord now efter his perfite age of xxj +geiris compleit Ratifies apprevis and for him and his successouris perpetuallie co~fermis willing and gra~ting that the haill tenno=r=~ +t~of be haldin as expressit in this pn~t act~ and ordanis the sa~ to be at lenth ingrossit +tairin gif neid beis qlkis his hienes and his thre estattis of parliament in pointis clauss~ and circumstances +t~of affermis to be veritable and trew and +tat +tai salbe of sufficient force and effect in all tymes heirefter / As forther his hienes and thre estaittis of +tis pn~t p~liament of new haif retreittit rescindit cassit reducit and annullit and be +te force of +tis pn~t act~ of new retreittis rescindis cassis reducis and a~nullis the said pretendit p~ces~ of foirfaltour led aganis the said vmqle s~=r= James w=t= quhatsumeuir actis following +t~eftir dishabilling his bairnis and posteritie w=t= all +tat hes followit or may follow +t~upon~ and be +tir pn~tis decernis and declairis thame and +tair successouris to be als~ hable to bruik landis honouris heretage rowmes and possessionis within +tis realme be conqueist or successioun as ony v+teris may within +te same And like as +te said pretendit proces~ of foirfalto=r= had neuir bene led and as +te saidis actis maid in hurt of his posteritie had neuir bene maid In lykmaner o=r= said souerane lord w=t= expres~ avise of his saidis thre estaittis of parliament Now efter his said perfite aige of his proper motiue and

certane knawlege of new renu~cis all actioun suit clame and challange that his hienes his predicesso=r=~ him selff and his successouris had hes or micht haif or ony wys~ in tyme cuming may pn~d aganis +te said vmqle S=r= James his memorie his relict~ bairnis and posteritie +t~ landis heretages guidis geir rowmes and poss~onis for the allegeit crymes co~tenit in +te said proces~ of foirfalto=r= or for ony v+ter actioun or caus~ bipast qlkis o=r= said souerane lord for him and his successouris (\simpl~r\) renu~cis and discharges in all tyme cuming . [}ACT IN FAVOUR OF THE LADY BURLIE CONCERNI~G LANDIS GEVIN FOR CASTELLIS}] ITEM quhair as +te act maid in the parliament haldin at Edinbur=t= the xxiiij day of october The +geir of god J=m= v=c= lxxxj +geiris Ratifiet and apprevit w=t= ane additioun in +te parliament haldin at lynlithgw in the great hall of +te palace +tairof in +te moneth of december The +geir of god J=m= v=c= lxxxv +geiris Gevis actioun for repetitioun of quhatsumeuir land~ and heretage gevin and disponit to keparis of o=r= souerane lordis castellis for randering of +te samin to +te ressaveris +tairof It being verefiet +tat +te said~ landis heretages and poss~onis wer gevin for the cause foirsaid Oure souerane lord and his thre estaittis of parliament hes declairit and declairis +tat q=r= thair is or salbe ony landis or heretage repetit and gevin for +te caus~ foirsaid the said caus~ salbe sufficientlie verefiet be write To wit a+t~ be +te infeftmentis and euidentis of +te said~ land~ co~tenand +te said caus or be ane v+ter autentick writt and euident vnder the subscriptioun of +te pairtie ressaver of +te said~ landis and heretage Grantand +tat +te saidis landis and heretage war gevin and ressauit for +tat caus~ And +tat in repetitioun of landis and heretage for the causs~ foirsaid~ Na vther verificatioun nor probatioun salbe ressauit bot be +te said~ autentick writtis and euidentis as saidis And +tis declaratioun to haif place in repetitioun of land~ and heretage allanerlie The remanent poyntis of +te foirsaid additioun and ratificatioun +tairof standand in +te same forme as +tai wer co~sauit befoir and to be reullit be +te co~moun law at +te discretioun of +te iudge . [}ACT IN FAVOUR OF THE LADY BURLIE TUECHING +TE PRIUILEGE OF REFYNIT SALT .}] ITEM forsamekle as +te refynit salt vtherwayes callit salt vpone salt is verie necess~=r= and proffittable for salting of salmound keilling ling and v+t~s grite fisches qlk can not be maid or dressit w=t= the small salt qlk now is accustumat to be maid and hes bene maid befoir within +tis realme And +tairfoir the saidis fisches behovit to be maid and saltit w=t= gryt salt brocht within +tis realme fra hispanie and britannie vpoun large cost and expenss~ and sumtymes be perrellous viages at vther tymes pairtlie for +te trubles in france

and pairtlie quhen wedder not seasounable +tair wes na salt to be gottin in brita~nie and v+teris p~tis q=r= +te samin co~mounlie vsis to be maid Be +te qlk the trafficq~ of fisches hes sumtymes ceissit and +te said gryt salt wes at gryte derth And seing +tat dame Margrett balfour lady burly haifing sum co~moditie of coillis and pa~nis within the lordschip of pittinweme and s~refdome of fyff for the weilfair and commoditie of the realme hes vpoun hir large cost and expenss procuirit the knawlege of the making of refynit salt vtherwayes callit salt vpone salt qlk will s~rue for the samin vseis for the qlk greit salt s~ruit befoir ffor # furthering and setting furth of the quhilk wark scho man bestow and employ grite sowmes of money for making of houss~ salt pa~nis vtheris Instrumentis necessare and intertenement of servantis Quhilk for a large space wilbe mair costlie nor proffittable to hir Oure souerane lord and his saidis thre estaittis in parliament haifand consideratioun how proffittable the said salt salbe to the haill realme be this Industrie to be begun be the said dame margaret and being nawayes of mynd That for hir gude inte~tioun and meani~g scho suld be onywayes damnefeit Thairfoir his hienes w=t= aduise of his saidis thre estaittis hes gevin and gra~tit and be +te tenno=r= of this pn~t act gevis and grantis full libertie and priuilege to the said dame margaret hir airis assignais s~ruitouris and factouris haiffand # co~missioun and power to hir to mak and caus be maid the said refynit salt vtherwayes callit salt vpoun salt in ane vther maner nor the samin wes maid in this realme of befoir To sell and dispone the samin in small or grite at +t~ plesour during the space of sevin +geiris nixtocum efter the dait heirof during the qlk space it sall not be lauchfull to ony of his hienes lieges and subiectis of +tis realme nor ony stra~ger repairand within the samin to mak or caus be maid the said refynit salt vtherwayes callit salt vpoun salt in the maner quhairby the samin salbe maid be +te said dame Margaret and hir foirsaid~ and gif it salhappin to be maid be +tame during the space foirsaid co~trair the tenno=r= of this Inhibitioun the samin salbe escheit to +te said dame margaret hir airis and assignais as thair awin propir guidis to be intromettitw=t= and disponit be +tame at hir ples~=r= And the pa~nis houss~ and landis quhairvpone the samin salbe maid salbe confiscat to o=r= souerane lord And to +tat effect Oure said souerane lord and his saidis thre estaittis be +tir pn~tis gevis full power to the said dame margaret to mak sercheouris ane or ma quha may serche and intrometw=t= the said refynit salt to be maid be vtheris personis co~trair the tenno=r= of this priuilege and to dispone +tairvpone as said is And gif the said~ sercheouris in executioun of thair offices salhappin to be deforceit The committaris of +te said deforcement salbe rigorouslie punissit as gif +tai had deforcit o=r= souerane lordis officiaris in executioun of his office That is to say be escheit of thair guidis moveable and be punishement of +tair personis to the will and plesour of o=r= said souerane lord .

[}ACT IN FAVOUR OF JOHNNE ACHESOUN .}] OURE SOUERANE LORD w=t= auise of the thre estaittis in +tis pn~t parliament knawing perfitelie +tat Johnne achesoun sumtyme his hienes M=r= cun+geo=r= had contractit diuers~ and grite debtis throw his hienes s~=r=uice and become cautioner and souirtie for williame erle of gowrie thesaurair for the tyme to diuers~ merchandis and v+teris his creditouris and at his co~mand become bund and oblist to thame To content and pay to +tame for +te said vmqle erle grite sowmes of money vpoun conditioun to haif bene payit of +te first and reddiest proffittis of the said cun+gehous / lyk as also +te said Johnne ressauit his obligatioun for his releif q=r=throw the said Johnne hes incurrit grite skaith and wraik and incais~ o=r= said souerane lord and his estaittis foirsaid~ supporte not +te said Johnne quha mereittis gude thankis rewaird~ and support for his guid will and s~ruice done to o=r= said souerane lord and his hienes the=r= for the tyme he is able to decay and his landis wilbe comprisit And our said souerane lord and thrie estaittis foirsaid~ having pietie of the said Johnne quha is able to wrak for na deid nor occasioun co~mittit be him bot rather for seruice and guid will schawin and done to his hienes and his offi=r=~ for the tyme in the parliament haldin at linly=t=qw the tent day of december The +geir of god J=m= v=c= fourescoir fyve +geiris hes statute and ordanit the said Johnne to haue executioun vpoun the landis qlkis pertenit to +te said vmqle erle of gowry for payment of the said sowme of ten thousand pundis q=r=foir +te said Jo=n= become cautioner for the said vmqle erle except samekle as he suld be fund be iust calculatioun to be fred and relevit of and +tat Johnne suld have execu=o=un of horni~g poynding and comprising aganis James now erle of gowry and his land~ and leving as gif he war enterit air to his said vmqle fader be breves As at mair lenth is co~tenit in +te said act~ Quhilk act and benefite co~tenit +tairintill Oure said souerane lord and thre estaittis foirsaid~ nawayes willing to preiuge or derogat hes ratifiet and approvin the samin lyk as his Ma=tie= and thre estaittis foirsaid~ Ratifies and appreuis +te samyn And decernis statuitis and ordanis +te same to stand in full force strenth and effect Notwithstanding ony act or benefite particulerlie gra~tit in favour of +te said erle or his moder in +tis pn~t parliament or v+ter gn~all act or statute qlk may in ony wayes derogat or preiudge +te said act [}ACT CONCERNING THE AIRIS OF MONYWAIRD .}] ANENT the supplicatioun pn~tit to +te kingis Ma=tie= and lordis of articles of this pn~t parliament be Jeane toscheoch and [^BLANK^] toscheoch lauchfull dochteris and appeirand airis to edwart toscheoch of monywaird and Johne campbell of laweis thair guids~=r= for his interes~ Makand mentioun That q=r= +tair wes

mariage lang tyme bipast contractit and solempnizat betuix the said edwart toscheoch and meriorie campbell dochter to +te said Johnne campbell +tair moder of the qlk mariage +te said~ complenaris ar procreat and +tairby nerrest to succeid to +t~ faderis haill landis and leving fail+geing of airis maill gottin of his bodie qlk being weill knawin and vnderstand to the said edward Neuirtheles be instiga=o=un of certane +t~ vnfreind~ hes bene movit in his hienes minoritie To mak ane charter of tail+gie of his haill landis and leving Namelie of monywaird~ mekvene The frie forrest of glentorrett and certane vtheris mair at lenth spe~it in +te said charter of tail+gie and +tat in # favouris of duncane toscheoch barroun of pittin+gie and and certane v+ter p~sonis in quhais favo=r= the said tail+gie is maid q=r=upoun he hes obtenit in his grace minoritie confirma=o=un and for his better securitie Intend~ now efter his g / maioritie to obtene +te samin ratifiet a+t~ in his parliament or heirefter knawing perfitely that +te samin co~firmatioun fallis directlie vnder reuocatioun as being ane confirmatioun of ane tail+gie maid in preiudice of the airis famell interponit in his g / minoritie to the hurte of his hienes conscience Quhairthrow necess~=r= it is +t=t= prouisioun be maid in +te said # complenaris favouris that as +te said confirmatioun fallis directlie vnder his g / revocatioun In lykmaner spe~ale ordina~ce be maid that na new confirmation salbe grantit heirefter That his g / the=r= and +t~ deputtis be (\simpl~r\) dischargeit +t~of And incais ony salbe grantit that +te samin salbe decernit and declairit now as than to be null and of nane avail And +tairfoir des~rand his hienes and lord~ of articles to haif consideratioun of the premiss~ And in respect that +te said~ complenaris my=t= haue spe~ale act and ordinance maid in +t~ favouris dischargeing the thesaurair and his deputtis the keiparis of his grite and priuie seillis fra all passing of ony confirmatioun purchest or to be purchest of the said charter tail+gie heireftir as +tei will ans~=r= to his g / vpoun +tair dewetie and obedience And gif ony salhappin to be purchest decerning and declairing the samin to be null and of nane availl w=t= all +t=t= hes followit or may follow +tairvpoun As at mair lenth is co~tenit in the said supplica=o=un Quhilk being sene and considerit be o=r= said souerane lord and lord~ of articles Thay haue remittit and remittis +te decisioun and ans~=r= to be gevin to the said supplicatioun To +te lord~ of counsall and sessioun efter +tat the pairtie be lau=lie= wairnit +tairto as effeiris and his defenss~ had +t~vpoun and ordanis thame to proceid and do iustice +t~intill to baith +te said~ pairties as +tai will ans~=r= to # his hienes and in the meantyme dischargis his g / thesaurair and his deputtis The keiper~ of +te grite and p~vie seillis of all passing of ony co~firmatioun purchest or to be purchest of +te said charter tail+gie qll the end and decisioun of the foirsaid pley be +te said~ lorde~ of sessioun .

[}ACT IN FAVOUR OF JAMES AND JOHNNE MEN+GEISS~ .}] ANENT +te supplicatioun pn~tit and gevin in to o=r= souerane lord and lord~ of articles be James men+geis of foird and Johnne men+gies his sone Makand mentioun That quhair +tai ar denu~cit o=r= souerane lord~ rebell~ and put to his hienes horne at +te instance of sum personis quha vpoun pretens~ +tairof Intend~ to seclude +tame fra all compeirance in Jugement in p~sute and defenss~ of diu~s~ actionis pn~tlie depending befoir +te lordis of sessioun and v+teris iudges qlkis ar of grite wecht and consequence To +te recoverie of the qlkis actionis Releiff of +te said horning and satisfactioun of +tair creditouris Seing it is necess~=r= that +tai be hard in Jugement be thame selffis and +t~ procurato=r=~ And thairfoir des~ring o=r= said souerane lord w=t= aduis~ of his said~ estaittis To dispens w=t= all and quhatsumeuer hoirni~gis or v+ter actis of parliame~t maid in the co~trair led aganis +te said~ James and Johnne men+gess~ at the instance of q=t=sumeuir persoun or personis for ony caus or occasioun bigane preceding the dait heirof vnto +te [^BLANK^] day of [^BLANK^] nixtocum To +te effect +tat +tai be +tame selffis or +t~ procurato=r=~ may persew and defend in +t~ iust actionis and +t~by recouer releif of the said~ hoirningis and in the mentyme +tat +tai may lesumly resorte w=t=in the realme in doing of +t~ lauchfull bissines Ordaning heirfoir the lord~ of counsall and sessioun to suffer and p~mit +te said~ personis be +tame selffis and +t~ pro=r=~ to do and defend in +tair said~ actionis Notwithstanding of the said~ horni~g~ or ony thing +t~in co~tenit maid in the c~trair Anent the qlkis it will pleis~ his hienes and thrie estaittis to dispens~ as at mair lenth is c~tenit in +te said supplicatioun Quhilk being harde sene and considerit be his Ma=tie= and lord~ of articles and +tai +t~with being ryplie aduisit Oure said souerane lord w=t= aduis~ and consent of +te said~ estaittis of parliame~t dispenss~ w=t= all and q=t=sumeuer hoirni~gis or actis of parliament maid in the co~trair led aganis +te said~ James and Johnne Men+geiss~ at the instance of q=t=sumeuir p~son or p~sonis for onie caus~ or occasioun bigane preceiding the dait heirof Sa far and in the samin maner as +te lordis of counsall and sessioun hes dispensit alreadie w=t= +te foirsaid~ hoirningis To +te effect +te said~ James and Johnne men+geiss~ be +tame selffis and +tair procuratouris may persew and defend in +tair iust actionis and +tairby recover releif of the said~ hoirningis And in the mentyme +tat +tai may lesumlie resort within +te realme in doing of +t~ lauchfull bissines als amplie and frelie in all soirtis as +te said~ lord~ of counsall and sessioun hes grantit +te samin to +tame of befoir .

[}ACT REMITTING THE LARDE OF DURRYIS SUPPLICATIOUN TO THE KINGIS MA=TIE= .}] ANENT the supplicatioun pn~tit to o=r= souerane lord and lord~ of articles be margaret stewart sister and air to vmqle george stewart of Rossyth and Robert dury fear of +tat ilk hir spous for his interes~ Makand mentioun That q=r=hary stewart +te said mergarettis fader bru+t~ hes pn~tit ane supplicatioun to his Ma=tie= and ll / des~ring ane ratificatioun and confirmatioun of all pretendit tail+gies maid be his hienes predicessouris in +t~ minorities / qlkis ar takin away be +te gn~all # revocatioun maid be his hienes maist noble predicessouris and quhairvpoun +te said Margaret hes su~d~ of reductioun insta~tlie dependand befoir +te lord~ of sessioun for a~nulling of +te samin for diu~s~ verie guid necess~=r= causs~ lyk as scho is seruit and retourit as air in gn~all to hir said vmqle bru+t~ And +tairthrow hes vndoutit richt in and to the said~ haill landis and leving of rossyth q=r=intill hir said vmqle bruther deceissit last vest and seisit as of fie and +tairby having spe~ale interes as pairtie Na sic article or ony v+ter thing qlk may onywayes tend to +te hurte and preiudice of +te said margarettis heretable richt of +te said~ land~ qll scho as pairtie and hir said spous for his interes be be first callit to +tat effect Beseikand +tairfoir his g / and lordis of articles +tat na article anent the ratificatioun of +te said~ tail+gies or ony vther thing qlk may ony wayes tend to +te hurte and preiudice of hir said richt be onywys~ gra~tit to +te said harie qll +te said margaret and hir said spous (as lauchfull pairtie co~tradicto=r= to him in +te said mater) be first lauchfullie callit to +tat effect and +t=t= +t~efter be productioun and inspectioun of hir said~ richtis iustice may be indifferentlie mi~strat +t~intill as accord~ of +te law as at mair lenth is co~tenit in +te said supplicatioun Quhilk being hard sene and considderit be his hienes & lord~ of articles The said~ lordis of articles remittis +te foirsaid supplica=o=un co~tentis and des~=r= +tairof to o=r= said # souerane lord to be decidit be his hienes according to law conscience and ry=t= and howsoeuer his Ma=tie= sall pronu~ce and decerne +t~intill The samin to haue als grite stren=t= force and effect as gif +te samin had bene p~nu~cit and decreittit be his hienes w=t= aduis~ of +te said~ estaittis of +tis pn~t parliame~t And to +tat effect~ the foirsaid~ lord~ hes interponit and interponis thair auc~tie to +te premiss~ and to his Ma=ties= proceidingis +t~anent [}ACT IN FAVOUR OF THE LAIRD OF ROSSYTH .}] OURE SOUERANE LORD now efter his perfite aige of xxj +geiris compleit w=t= aduise of the thrie estaittis of +tis pn~t parliament having consideratioun of +te auncietie of +te hous~ of rossyth and of +te gude s~ruice done to his Ma=ties= predicessouris be +te heretable proprietairis of +te samin and +tat +te samin sall not pas fra +te surname in his Ma=ties= tyme speciallie

be ony occasioun or questioun that his Ma=tie= may querrell the samin for him selff and his successouris Ratifies and apprevis all and quhatsumeuer infeftmentis of tail+ge gevin be vmqle dauid stewart of rossyth to vmqle williame stewart of baroyhill his airis maill and assignais of all and haill +te baronie and manis of rossyth w=t= +te toure fortalice milne fischeingis dowcattis annexis co~nexis pairtis pendicles and p~tinentis +tairof The land~ of cragie gartpor thrid p~t land~ of fordell culbate and straburne The land~ of leucheld~ pitravy wester cleische dunduff colstoun balnamvill and monctoy w=t= the p~tine~t~ lyand within the s~refdome of fiffe The land~ and baronie of durisdeir liand within +te s~refdome of dumfreis The landis of corbies bacquhandies laitgrene w=t= +te pertinentis liand within +te s~refdome of perth all vnit and annext in ane baronie callit +te baronie of Rossyth and als of all and haill +te land~ and baronie of schambodie lyand within +te s~refdome of Clackmanna~ with +te co~firmatioun gra~tit be his hienes predicessouris of guid memorie king James +te ferd +t~upoun Togidder w=t= quhatsumeuir v+ter infeftmentis of tail+ge past sensyne be ony of his Ma=ties= predicessouris to dauid stewart sone to +te said williame stewart of barryhill and his airis maill and of tail+ge of all and haill +te land~ and vtheris abonew~ttin or to henry stewart of Rossyth sone to +te said dauid or to Robert stewart sone to +te said henry or to george stewart sone to +te said Robert and +t~ airis maill and of tail+ge co~tenit +tairintill past a+ter vpoun resignatioun or co~firmatioun notwithstanding +te samin ar grantit be his Ma=ties= predicessouris in +t~ minorities Togidder w=t= seisingis following +t~upoun And willis and declairis +t=t= the samin salbe of als grite strenth and force as gif +tai had bene gra~tit be his Ma=ties= predicessouris in +t~ maioritie Notwithstanding of ony reuocatioun qlk his hienes for him selff and his successouris of his certane knawlege hes renu~cit and renu~cis for euir w=t= all actioun that his Ma=tie= may haue aganis +te said~ landis for ony caus bigane To +te effect +tat the samin may remane w=t= hary stewart now pn~t proprietair +t~of and his airis maill and of tail+ge in all tyme cuming dischargeing his hienes aduocat~ pn~t and to cum of all calling trubling or querrelling of +te said harie stewart vpoun the validitie of +te title of onie of +te said~ # infeftmentis or of his awin pn~t infeftme~t and ry=t= +tairof for onie of +te said~ causs~ and of +t~ offices in +t=t= p~t . [}ACT IN FAVOUR OF JAMES STEWART SONE TO THE VMQUHILL ERLE OF BUCHANE .}] OURE SOUERANE LORD now efter his lauchfull and perfite aige of xxj +geiris compleit w=t= aduis~ of the thre estaittis convenit in +tis pn~t parliame~t Ratifies apprevis and confermis the lr~es of gift and pensioun maid be his Maiestie to James stewart and christiane strang his spous during +t~ lyftymes of sevin chalderis aittis assignit to be payit out of +te reddiest of +te superpl~ of the bischoprik of Sanctandrois In all and

sindrie pointis clauss~ and articles thairof decerning and declairing be +t~ pn~tis That +tai sall bruik Jois~ posses~ and vptak the said pensioun +geirlie in tyme cuming during the space foirsaid Siclyk and als frelie as +tai vsit in ony tyme bigane preceding +te dait heirof Notwithstanding ony his Ma=ties= revocationis bipast or pn~tlie maid be his hienes in this pn~t parliame~t Quhilk gift his Ma=tie= willis and declairis sall nawayes be comprehendit +t~in bot spe~alie exceptit and res~ruit furth of +te samin lyk as his Ma=tie= exceptis and res~ruis +te said gift fur=t= of +te same revocatioun Declairing this pn~t exceptioun to be als~ sufficie~t as gif it wer speciallie insert and ingrossit +t~in Prouiding alwayes +tat +tis pn~t ratificatioun sall nawys~ be preiudiciall to the tak alreddie maid be his hienes to Jhone and James meldru~is so~nis lauchfull to James meldru~ of Sagy +gounger Of certane victuallis of the superpluss~ of +te archiebischoprik of Sanctandrois / bischoprik of dunkeld and priorie of hadingtoun specially co~tenit in +te same tak qlk his hienes w=t= aduis~ of his estaittis Ordanis to haif full force and effect during the +geiris +t~of q=r=unto +tis pn~t Ratificatioun nor his hienes revocatioun sall make na derogatioun . [}ACT IN FAVOUR OF DAUID FERGUSSOUN OF GLENSCHY~ROCH~}] ANENT +te supplicatioun gevin in and pn~tit to o=r= souerane lord and thrie estaittis of +tis pn~t parliament be Dauid fergussoun of glenschy~roch~ eldair and dauid fergussoun +gounger Makand mentioun That q=r= they intentit actioun befoir +te lord~ of sessioun aganis Johnne erle of mortoun lord maxwell and Robert charteris of kelwod ffor the wra~gus violent and m=r=full spoliatioun fra thame of diuers~ and sindrie nolt scheip nagis plenissing gold siluer writtis and evidentis extending to diuers~ availlis qua~tities and prices co~tenit in +te su~moundis raisit +tairvpoun Quhilk being admittit to +tair probatioun and diuers~ termes assignit to +tame for preving +tairof and +te said erle and Robert charteris persaving that +tai wald preve +te samin aganis +tame Compeirit be +tair procuratouris and allegit +tat +tei sould be assoil+geit +tairfra In respect of +te act of parliament maid at linly=t=gow The tent day of december The +geir of god J=m= v=c= fourescoir fyve +geiris Be the qlk all deidis wrangis oppressionis and v+teris faultis allegeit co~mittit and done be +te said erle or ony vtheris co~tenit in +te said act~ sen o=r= said souerane lord~ coronatioun suld be remittit and dischargit and +te said spuil+gie wes co~mittit within +te samin tyme and +tairfoir the samin suld be takin away To +te qlk it wes ans~rit for +te said~ dauid fergussoun elder and +gounger That +te said allegeance aucht not to be hard Seing +t~ is # litiscontestatioun maid in +te cause lang of befoir and +t~ summound~ admittit to +tair probatioun Notwithstanding +te haill defenss~ proponit be +te said erle and robert and sindrie witness~ examinat in the caus~ lang

of befoir the said act of parliament and als +te said act of parliament can nawys~ be extendit to p~ticulair pairties actionis qlkis proceidit not vpoun the co~moun causs~ betuix +te maxwellis and Johnestonis And seing the said~ dauid fergussoun eldair and +gounger wer nawys~ pairtakeris w=t= the said co~moun trubles The same act of parliament vpoun gude conscience can not be extendit to tak away the said spuil+gie Quhilk allegeance w=t= +te ans~=r= maid +tairto being sene and considerit be +te said~ lordis They remittit the decisioun of the said allegence foundit vpoun +te said act~ of parliament to oure said souerane lord and thre estaittis of +tis pn~t parliament for geving of his hienes declaratioun and interpretatioun gif +te said act maid in favouris of +te said erle takis away the said spuil+gie and qll the samyn be done hes superceidit all forder proces in +te said mater as ane act maid thairvpoun beiris Quhairthrow +te saidis complenaris ar heavelie damnifiet & skaithit throw +te want of +tair haill guid~ and geir intromettitw=t= be +te said~ erle and robert and can gett na proces~ nor iustice in +te said mater without o=r= said souerane lord and thre estaittis foirsaid~ prouide remeid Requiring thame +t~foir seing +te said mater nawayes concernis the said act of parliame~t That his hienes will tak triall +t~into and remit +te samin to +te sessioun to be discussit be +te lord~ +tairof Commanding +tame to proceid and do iustice +t~intill and all vther actionis persewit or to be persewit be +te said~ dauid elder and +gounger aganis the said~ erle and ro=t= charteris Or ony v+teris the said~ erlis s~ruand~ spuil+gearis of +t~ guidis and geir fra thame Notwithstanding the said act~ of parliame~t As at mair lenth is co~tenit in +te said supplicatioun Quhilk being hard and~ considerit be o=r= said souerane lord and his said~ thre estaittis They haue remittit and remittis +te decisioun of +te foirsaid allegeance and ans~=r= maid +t~to grou~dit on +te said act of parliament maid in favouris of +te said erle of mortoun and his dependaris w=t= +te actionis and materis pn~tlie dependand befoir the said~ lord~ betuix +te said~ pairties To +te lord~ of counsall and sessioun q=r= the samin tuke first bygy~ning and ordanis +tame to p~ceid and do Justice +t~intill vnto +te finall end and decisioun +t~of As +tai will a~s~=r= to god and his hienes vpoun the executioun of +tair offices .

[}ACT INHIBITING THE BURROWIS TO SELL OR DISPONE THAIR FREDOMES WITHOUT CONSENT OF THE ESTATES IN PARLIAME~T .}] FORSAMEKLE as it [{is{] not lauchfull to ony of +te kingis vassallis to sell and a~nalie +t~ landis in preiudice of his Ma=tie= +t~ superio=r= Evin sa it is fund expedient statute and ordanit be o=r= souerane lord and thre estaittis in this pn~t parliament That it sall not be lauchfull to ony of his hienes frie burrowis To sell or a~nalie +t~ fredome and priuilege in haill or in pairt to ony vther bur=t= or v+t~wys~ q=t=sumeuir / without expres licence and consent of his hienes & thrie estaittis in p~liament vnder the pane of amissioun and tinsall of +te fredome of +te burgh othir byand or selland +te said~ fredomes in haill or in p~t as said is . [}ACT IN FAVOUR OF THE GOLDSMYTHIS .}] OURE SOUERANE LORD w=t= auis~ and consent of the thrie estaittis of +tis pn~t parliament Ratifies and apprevis +te gift grantit be his hienes vnder his priuie seill of +te dait +te thrid day of Januar The +geir of god J=m= v=c= lxxxvj +geiris To +te deacone and M=r= of +te goldsmy=t= craft and +t~ successo=r=~ and haill priuilegeis liberties and Immvnities +tairin spe~it concerni~g the said arte and craft Prouiding alwayes the samin gift and ratificatioun +t~of in +tis pn~t parliament onnawayes salbe preiudiciall to +te appointme~t and decreit arbitrall laitlie gevin and p~nu~cit be his hienes and certane v+t~s Juges arbitrato=r=~ betuix +te merchandis and craftismen of Edinburgh And siclyk +tat the powar grantit to +tame +t~in for c~vening of q=t=sumeuer p~soun co~travener of +t~ actis & c~ On na wayes salbe forder extendit bot to sic p~sonis +t=t= duellis remanis and c~travenis ony of +t~ actis w=t=in the said burgh of ed~=r= libertie & # Jurisdictioun +t~of .

[}RATIFICATIOUN TO THE BURGH OF BRINT ILAND .}] OURE SOUERANE LORD vnderstanding +tat +te creatioun and erectioun of the port and toun of brint Iland in ane frie burgh regall is not onlie very co~modious and c~venient for +te policie and decoirment of +tis realme Bot also is and hes bene maist proffitable alsweill to his hienes subiectis as to v+t~ strangearis for suir harbrie and saulftie of +tair schippis veschellis and guid~ reparing to the same As also considering +tat his hienes in +te lait charter of co~firmatioun and erectioun of the said burgh hes in the word of any prince faithfullie promittit to ratifie and appreve the erectioun and creatioun of the said bur=t= and port be ane spe~all act of parliament efter his p~fyte aige Heirfoir w=t= advis~ of the thre estaittis and haill body of +tis pn~t parliament his hienes now in his perfite aige for him his airis and successo=r=~ be +tir pn~tis ratifies apprevis and confermis the lr~es of dimissioun resignatioun and owergeving maid be vmqle George archiedene principall of sanctandrois and co~mendatair perpetuall of +te abbay of Dunfermling and convent +tairof In favouris of his hienes derrest guids~=r= king James +te fyft of maist noble memorie his airis and successouris Of all and~ haill +te said port and heaven of brintyland (callit +te port of grace) and of +te stane hous~ toure and fortalice sumtymes callit +te abbotishall w=t= +te land~ nixt adiacent +t~to quhairvpoun +te said toun is biggit as +te said~ lr~es at lenth beiris Item +te charter infeftment precept and instrument of seising grantit be +te said king James +te fift of +te said burgh to the provest baillies burgess~ and Inhabitantis +tairof Erectand makand and constituand +te samin ane frie port and burgh regall w=t= all priuilegeis fredomes and liberties of ane frie burgh Togidder with +te lait act of parliament maid w=t= aduis~ of the thre estaittis +t~upoun at linly=t=gw +te [^BLANK^] day of # december (\a~no\) & c~ lxxxv +geiris and +te ordinance co~tenit in oure said act~ anent +te ressauing and admitting of +te co~missioneris of +te said burgh in all parliamentis c~ventionis counsallis and assemblies q=r= burrowis hes voit alsfrelie as +te co~missioneris of ony v+ter burgh w=t=in this realme w=t= all thingis +tat hes followit +tairvpoun And in speciall w=t= auis~ foirsaid Ratifies and apprevis for his hienes and his foirsaid~ the said lait & new charter of co~firmatioun dispositioun end erectioun laitlie grantit be o=r= said souerane lord w=t= avys~ of +te lord~ of his hienes secreit counsall To +te prouest baillies counsall and co~munitie of +te said burgh and thair successouris heretable of all and haill +te samin burgh and port land~ teneme~tis burrow ruid~ and~ co~munities +tairof and +t~ haill liberties and p~tinentis w=t= all boundis methis and fredomes clauss~ circumstances and articles co~tenit +t~intill as +te said charter beiris Togidder w=t= +te lr~es of ratificatioun and approbatioun of the haill premiss~ maid be patrik M=r= of gray than co~mendatair of +te said abbay of dumfermling and convent +tairof for +tame and +t~ successouris

with +te renu~ciatioun and discharge contenit in +te samin lr~es of all actioun ry=t= title or clame qlk +tai or +t~ successouris had or may haif aganis the said port or burgh or onie pairt +t~of in fauo=r=~ of +te said~ prouest baillies counsall & co~munitie and +tair successouris And all v+teris pointis and clauss~ co~tenit in +te samin lr~es reg~rat in his hienes buikis of [^BLANK^] beiris And ordanis +te same to be effectuall in all tymes cuming And als w=t= advis~ foirsaid ordanis +te burgess~ and fremen of +te said bur=t= admittit and to be admittit To be vsit acceptit and handlit in all p~tis and places of +tis realme Siclyk and als frelie in all respectis priuilegeis and liberties as +te burgess~ and fre men of ony v+ter burgh within +tis realme . [}ACT IN FAVOUR OF THE BURGH OF CARRAILL}] OURE SOUERANE LORD and thre estaittis of +tis pn~t parliament vnderstanding +tat +te burgh of Craill is infeft of auld be his hienes vmqle derrest predicessour Robert king of scottis in +te libertie priuilege and fredome of ane fre burgh boundit betuix +te mid watter of levin to the burne of putekin w=t= ane fre m~cat to be haldin vpoun sonday as +te extract of +t~ infeftment vnder the greit seill at mair lenth proportis And his Ma=tie= haifing co~sideratioun +t=t= all mercattis haldin vpone soundayes ar dischargit be act of parliame~t Thairfoir o=r= said souerane lord w=t= aduise of +te thre estaittis of +tis pn~t parliament alteris and changes +te said mercat of craill qlk wes haldin vpoun sonday of befoir To be haldin now and in all tyme cuming vpoun satterday dischargeing be +tir pn~tis all v+t~ mercattis to be haldin to burgh or to land betuix +te said mid watter of levin and the burne of putekin foirsaid outwith +te said burgh of craill for euer Quhilkis bound~ is the proper libertie and priuilege of +te said burgh of craill grantit +tairto of auld be +te said infeftment and now fundin and declairit be +tis pn~t act to be sufficient in all tyme cuming vnder the pane of escheiting of all maner of guid~ +tat salbe apprehendit to be sauld at ony p~t within +te said~ bound~ vpoun ony day q=t=sumeuer outw=t= the said burgh of Craill for euir The ane half to his hienes vse and +te vther to +te co~moun guid of +te said burgh And ordinis lr~es to be direct +t~upoun in forme as effeiris [}ACT IN FAVOUR OF THE TOUN OF ANSTRUTHER .}] OURE SOUERANE LORD vnderstanding +tat in +te Parliame~t haldin in december The +geir of god J=m= v=c= fourescoir fyve +geiris Thair wes ane act maid erecting the toun of anstruther in ane frie burgh regall w=t= all priuileges belanging +tairto qlkis priuileges +te inhabitantis +tairof haif bruikit conforme to +tair said libertie and ar maist willing to co~tribute and beir siclyk charges for +t~ p~t (\pro rata\) as v+ter frie burghis of ryalities having the lyk Immvnities grantit to

+tame Thairfoir his hienes w=t= aduis~ of +te estaittis of +tis pn~t parliament considering how proffittable +te said erectioun hes bene to +te co~moun weill and lieges of +tis realme spe~alie to +te burrowis +tairof in paying of extentis and impostis w=t= +tame Hes +tairfoir creatit erectit and co~fermit the said bur=t= of anstruther in ane frie bur=t= royall w=t= all priuilegeis liberties and Immvnities grantit +t~to to be bruikit be the pn~t inhabitantis within +te same and +t~ successouris in all tyme heirefter alsfrelie as ony v+t~ frie bur=t= of ryaltie is within +tis realme Quhilk ratificatioun o=r= said souerane lord and thrie estaittis foirsaid~ declairis be +t~ pn~tis sall nawayes be preiudiciall nor hurtfull to +te rychtis of v+ter baronis [}PROTESTATIOUN OF JAMES GEDDY BURGES OF CARRAILL .}] THE QUHILK DAY in pn~ce of o=r= souerane lord and thre estaittis of parliament Comperit James geddy burges of +te burgh of carraill And +t~ in name and behalf of +te same burgh protestit solempnitlie That +te erectioun creatioun and confirmatioun of +te burgh of anstruder in ane frie bur=t= royall Suld onnawys~ be hurtfull or preiudiciall to +te said bur=t= of carraill anent +te richtis liberties and priuileges of +te same Bot +tat +tai my=t= be hard to propone +t~ richtis ressonis and defenss~ quhensoeuir +tai or +t~ successouris suld happin to persew +t~ ry=t= And als +t=t= +tai my=t= be hard to vs~ +t~ remeid competent befoir the estaittis at +te nixt p~liame~t Or vtherwys~ quhen oportunitie of tyme suld be offerit And +tairvpoun askit actis & instrumentis . [}ACT IN FAVOUR OF THE CRAFTISMEN FLEMY~GIS}] OURE SOUERANE LORD and thrie estaittis of +tis pn~t parliame~t vpoun +te humill supplicatioun of Johne gardin philp fermant and Johne banko flemyngis strangearis and warkmen haifing consideratioun +tat the said~ strangearis ar cum within +tis realme to exercise +tair craft and occupatioun in making of searges growgrams susteanis bombesies stemmi~gis beyis coverto=r=~ of beddis and v+teris appertening to +t~ said craft and for instructioun of +te said~ liegis in +te exercise of +te making of +te warkis and hes offerit to o=r= said souerane lord and haill co~moun weill of +tis realme the experience and suir knawlege of +tair laubo=r=~ / qlk will tend to ane perpetuall floresching of +te said craft within +tis realme Thairfoir oure said souerane lord and thre estaittis foirsaid~ hes tho=t= ressounable and expedient and for the co~moun weill of +te realme hes aggreit and~ concluidit w=t= the said~ craftismen and strangearis foirsaid~ vpoun +te particulair heid~ and articles following That is to say +te said~ craftismen sall remane w=t=in this realme for the space of fyve +geiris at +te leist efter the dait heirof and salbring within +tis realme the nowmer of xxx

personis of wabsteris walkaris and sic v+teris as may wirk and p~forme +te said wark as alsua ane litstair or ma for litting and perfitting of +tair said~ warkis and +t=t= thai and~ +t~ s~ruand~ walkaris wobstaris and litstaris to be brocht hame be +tame Sall mak and p~fite +t~ steikis and peeces of warkis according as +te samin ar or hes bene maid in flanderis holland or Ingland kepand lenth breid and fy~nes conforme to +te rule and stile of the buik of +te craft foirsaid pn~tit befoir his Ma=tie= be +te saidis craftismen Sene co~siderit allowit markit and authorizit be his hienes and deliuerit in keping to +te superintendent of +te said craft and keipare of his hienes seill +t~of efterspecifiit . ITEM the saidis craftismen ar oblist be +t~ir pn~tis to tak na prenteiss~ bot scottis boyis and madinnis of this realme and befoir onie vtheris the burges bairnis of Edinburgh to be preferrit and acceptit vpoun +te conditionis following To wit to be prenteiss~ be +te space of fyve +geiris and +tat +te said~ strangearis sall learne +tair prenteiss~ sum pairt of +t~ craft q=r=by +t~ laubouris may be worth +t~ meat and clething within the space of halff ane +geir efter +t~ entrie and +t~efter +te said~ # m=r=~ sall instruct +tame in the haill pointis of +t~ said craft within +te space of fyve +geiris and sall hyde na pairt +t~of fra thame and alsua sall furnishe +tame ressounablie in meit drink clething bedding wesching and wringing ffor the qlkis causs~ to be performit be +te said~ strangearis to +t~ prenteiss~ during the said space of fyve +geiris The saidis prenteiss~ and ilk ane of +tame sall pay to +t~ m=r=~ for ilk ane of +t~ prenteisseis the sowme of fourty pundis scottis money (as is co~mounlie gevin w=t= the prenteiss~ of craftis w=t=in Edinburgh /) # [^THE PRECEDING TEXT IN BRACKETS CROSSED OUT IN THE TEXT^] (for Ilk man cheild and twenty pund for ilk madin) [^THE # PRECEDING TEXT IN BRACKETS INSERTED IN THE MARGIN^] alsua +te said~ strangearis ar oblist be +t~ pn~tis not to suffer ony personis of +tair awin natioun and vocatioun to beg or trouble this cuntrie for povertie and +tat +tai sall interteny thame be +t~ warkis and furnessing conforme to +te ordo=r= obs~ruit be +t~ natioun in Ingland and +te price of the said~ seillis to be payit be +te byaris of +te said stuff ITEM to +te effect +tat his Ma=ties= lieges be not dissauit nor preiudgeit be +te said~ strangearis vnsufficient wark bot +tat +te samin wark and euery peice and parcell +t~of salbe als sufficient as ony v+ter siclyk stuff that is maid in +te said~ cuntries of flanderis holland or Ingland according to +te reull and forme of +te buik of +te said craft producit and m~kit as said is Thairfoir his Ma=tie= w=t= auis~ foirsaid hes appointit constitute and ordanit ane honest and discreit man Nicolas vduart burges of Edinbur=t= to be visito=r= and o=r= sear of +te said~ craftismen haill warkis steikis and peeces and to try the sufficiencie +t~of and to keip his hienes seill stamp and Irne for marking +tairof ffor the qlk seill and furnessing of Irnes and lead +tairto as alsua +te timmer and lomes quhairvpoun +tai stent the said stuff The said Nicolas salhaue sic dueties as is co~tenit w=t=in the said buke and as is co~mounlie vsit to be payit +t~foir in flanderis holland or Ingland~ Quhilk office his Ma=tie= w=t= auis~ foirsaid Gevis and disponis to the said

Nicolas during his lyvetyme and be +t~ pn~tis exemis him fra all exte~t~ watcheing wairding and v+teris chairges and Impositionis quhatsumeuer alsfrelie as +te said~ strangearis ar exemit +t~fra and +tat for guid~ co~siderationis moving his Ma=tie= AND his Maiestie willing to gratifie the saidis strangers for thair gude offices foirsaidis hes grantit And be thir pn~tis grantis to the saidis strangers and workmen ane patent place within the burgh of Edinburgh or within ony vther burgh w=t=in this realme quhair thay sall remane vpoun the ordinar m~cat dayes of the said~ burrowis to sell thair maid steikis and peces of stuff to the lieges of this realm~ Prouiding that thay sall sell na wool nor worsett befoir the same be put in wark Alsua that the burgh quhair thay duell and vsis thair craft sall appoint thame sufficient places to sett vp treis draw and dry thair stuff and vther neidfull thingis for thair craft vpoun ressonable payment conforme to the ordo=r= of thair said buke ITEM his hienes with auise foirsaid be thir pn~tis exemis the saidis strangers thair cumpanyes seruandis and prentiss~ fra all taxationis subsideis tributis impositionis watching warding stenting and vtheris chargeis quhatsumeuir within burgh or owtw=t= the same And ordanis that the magistrattis of the burgh of Edinburgh and vtheris quhair thay sall remane To mak thame burgess~ of thair burgh and grant thame the libertie thairof gratis during thair remaning And als his Maiestie grantis to thame the libertie and priuilege of naturalizatioun And to be als fre within this realme during thair remani~g as gif thay wer borne within the samyn And that thair lauchfull barnis sall brouke the saidis priuilegis as gif thay wer naturalizat or borne scottismen ALSUA his Maiestie Ordanis the prouest and baillies of Edinburgh and of the vther burrowis quhair the saidis strangers salhappin to mak residence To furneis and deliuer to Ilk ane of the saidis thre workmen ane sufficient worklwme to begyn thair work and na further . ITEM it is permittit that strangers may bye the saidis personis steikis of work in the oppin mercat allanerlie And alsua that thay may cheis~ to thame selffis within the said burgh of Edinburgh and libertie thairof or ony vther burgh of this realme ane convenient place for the vse of wattir to thame and thair servandis and to ane walker and littistair Conforme to thair said buik And that thair servandis and prentiss~ that sall cum within this realme salbe exemit fra all exactionis as said is And alsua salbe rebursit and payit of +tair expenss~ and passage cu~ing be sey be the Magistrattis of the burgh quhair thay sall arryve and mak residence / thay being alwyse craftismen hable to exercise the said vocatioun .

IT is alsua grantit be his Maiestie with aduise foirsaid That the saidis flemyngis craftismen and thair cumpanyes quhen thay ar ane sufficient nowmer and sall require ane kirk and mi~ster to be the kirk of thair natioun~ That the samyn salbe permittit to thame vpoun thair expenss~ ressonable for mantenyng of the kirk and sustenyng of ane mi~ster thairat as thay can aggre with the parteis Prouiding that thay and thair congregatioun of the said kirk salbe subiect to the disciplene and professioun of the kirk of scotland~ and to the ecclesiasticall and ciuile lawes thairof AND lykewyse It is permittit be his Maiestie That the saidis craftismen may bring within this realme and interteny within the same ane wricht of thair awin cuntrie for making of thair worklwmes / quha salbe exemit and brouke thair liberties foirsaidis as thame selffis . AND for the bettir furtherance of this gude and godlie interprise / his Maiestie with aduise foirsaid gevis and assignis to the saidis thre strangers and thair cumpanyes The sowme of ane thowsand merkis money of this realme To be payit to thame of the first and reddiest of the guidis qlkis salhappin to be maid be thame for the dewtye of his Maiesties custume qlk salbe ressauit of Ilk steik and pece of thair work and laboure And that to be payit efter the said nowmer of threttie workmen be brocht in and plantit within this realme ITEM his Maiestie with aduise of the saidis thre estaittis declaris and ordanis That ilk steik and pece of the saidis craftisme~is work sall pay to his hienes be the workers thairof for his Maiesties custume of the same Sic custumes and dewetye as is payit thairfore in flandirs holand or england~ Conforme to the said buik and valoure of the said stuff as salbe gevin in table to the said Nicolas vdwart Quhome his Maiestie alsua be thir pn~tis constitutis ressaver of the said custume and dewetye during the space foirsaid . AND the saidis strangers and workmen pn~tlie within this realme or that salhappin to cum within the same To the effect foirsaid Salbe bund and obleist to pn~t thame selffis befoir the prouest baillies and counsale of the saidis burrowis Befoir thay be admittit to brouke the priuilegis abonewrittin And thair gif thair aythis for obs~ui~g of the lawes of this realme spirituall and temporall and for dew obedience to his Maiestie and his successouris thair Jugeis and officiaris thair superintendent and owersear as accordis to the lawes of this realme And that thay sall remane within this realme at thair work and sall not vaig thairfra during the said space of fyve +geiris and further during thair remani~g within this realme .

[}ACT IN FAVOUR OF THE +GOUNG LAIRD OF KYNFAWNIS .}] THE QLK DAY in presence of +te kingis Ma=tie= and thrie estaittis of this pn~t parliament Comperit persounallie harie charteris now fear of kynfawnis sone adoptive to Johnne charteris of kynfawnis And conforme to ane contract and appoyntment maid betuix ane noble and michtie lord Dauid erle of craufurde and +te said harie his lauchfull brother On +te ane pairt And +te said Johnne charteris of kynfawnis on the vther pairt of +te dait at Edinburgh +te tuentie sevint day of september The +geir of god J=m= v=c= foure scoir four +geiris Reg~rat in +te buikis of Counsall vpone +te fyft day of september The +geir of god J=m= v=c= foure scoir fyve +geiris The said harie brother aboneno~iat acceptit +te said surname of charteris Togidder w=t= +te armes of the hous of kynfawnis specifiet in +te said co~tract efter +te forme and tenno=r= thairof and infeftmentis following thairvpone And maid faith solempnitlie that he sall obs~rue +te samyn conforme +t~to Quhairvnto o=r= souerane lord thrie estaittis and haill lordis of parliament presentlie convenit interponit +t~ auc~tie in +te best and maist suir forme And lykwayes ratefiet apprevit and confermit +te foirne~mit contract~ Togidder w=t= all and sindrie charteris infeftmentis dispositionis alienationis and donationis maid gevin and gra~tit be +te said Johnne charteris of kynfawnis To +te said hary his sone adoptiue and brother germane to +te said erle of craufurde and +te said haryes airis of all and haill +te landis and baronies of kynfawnis petfyndie craigtoun lu~fannan~ cangnoir chartourishall and of all v+teris +te said Johnne charteris landis leving heretage and v+teris quhatsumeuer mentionat in +te said contract Infeftmentis dispositionis and v+teris abonerehersit w=t= +te claus of adoptioun +t~in contenit quhairby +te said Johnne charteris adoptit the said harie bruther abonementionat To be his sone and to succeid +tairthrow to his haill landis heretage rentis possessionis and v+teris quhatsumeuer pertening to him q=r=euer +te samyn~ ly within this realme Togidder w=t= all v+ter clauss~ and prouisionis contenit in the foirsaid contract and infeftmentis decerni~g and declairing +te samyn to stand and be obs~uit perpetuallie in all tymes cu~ing efter +te forme and tenno=r= thairof Quhairvpone +te said harie askit actis and instrume~tis .

[}CO~MISSIOUN TO TREAT FOR DEFENCE OF THE REALME IN TYME OF WEARE .}] THE KINGIS MAIESTIE and thrie estaittis of this pn~t parliament gevis and grantis full power and co~missioun to his trustie and weilbelouit counsallo=r=~ and vtheris w=m= lord hereis~ Maister robert dowglas prouest of lynclouden~ collecto=r= generall williame ker of cesfurde andro ker of fawdounsyde S=r= James home of coldenknowis knicht alexander home of hutounhall and alexander home of northberwick manis Or ony fyve four or thrie of thame To convene togidder in quhat place and als oft as +tai think expedient betuix and +te first day of october nixtocum and to aduise vpone +te best and maist liklie meanis that may be vpo~ sic of +te actis of parliament and vtheris anent custumes and sic thingis as +tai may gadder vpone +tair awin experience for defence of +te realme in tyme of wear and quieting of the bordo=r= in tyme of peax and to mak overtures +tairvpone at +t~ guid discretioun and~ bring and pn~t the samin befoir his Ma=tie= and lordis of his secreit counsall betuix and the said day To be sene and considerit be thame To +te effect that further ordo=r= may be takin +t~anent as appertenis And that lr~ez be direct heirvpone gif neid beis in forme as effeiris [}CO~MISSIOUN FOR SETTING OF THE ORDOUR OF THE TAXATIOUN ON ALL ESTAITTIS}] OURE SOUERANE LORD and thrie estaittis of this pn~t parliament vnder +te complaintis of diuers~ his hienes subiectis toward +te vnequall stenting in sindrie taxationis that hes bene raisit of lait +geiris for his hienes seruice and co~moun effairis of the realme Sum lamenting that +tai ar now taxt qlkis wer neuir in vse to be taxt of befoir Sum left vntaxt mair able to pay nor thay that ar taxt Sum becaus that +te taxationis qlk sould be payit be +te prelattis and frehaldaris thame selffis is layed vpo~ the puir laubourairis of +te ground Sum becaus thay ar burdenit w=t= far greittare releif to +te prelattis nor of equitie and ressone +tai aucht And pairtlie becaus of the alteratioun liklie to be throw erectioun of sum pairtis of +te kirkrentis in temporall lordschippis with prouisioun that +te same sall taxt w=t= +te estait of +te baronis in tyme cu~ing and sindrie vther occasionis ffor remeid quhairof o=r= souerane lord w=t= auise of the saidis estaittis gevis grantis and co~mittis full power and co~missioun of parliament To adame bischope of orknay alexander co~mendatair of pluscardin Robert lord boyd James lord of doun m=r= Johne lindesay persone of menm=r= m=r= Dauid carnegie of culluthie Johnne arnot burges of edinburgh and williame flemy~g burges of perth~ To convene within the burgh of ed~=r= quhen +tai salbe requirit +t~to Or find maist co~modious tyme thairfoir at ony tyme betuix and +te first day of Junij

nixtocum And thair to consider +te occasionis of +te saidis complayntis Sie +te retouris and auld stent rollis alsweill of +te spiritualitie as temporalities and burrowis quhat wes +te ancient forme of setting of taxationis in tyme bigane And how far the same differis fra +te forme vsit within this realme thir few +geiris bigane And +tairefter at +t~ gude discretioun to sett and establishe sic a forme and ordo=r= of taxatioun of +te lieges of this realme in tyme cu~ing as sall appear to thame maist equitabl~e and indifferent for all estaittis With power alsua to +te saidis co~missioneris to heir +te complaintes of all pairties having interesse in setting of +te said forme of taxatioun and to decide +t~in su~marlie as +tai sall think maist agreable w=t= equitie and iustice And to mak actis and ordinances thairvpone Quhilkis being dewlie formed and subscriuit w=t= +te handis of ony fyve of thame his hienes ordanis to be delyuerit to his clerk of register to be reg~rat in +te buikis of parliament and publissit Salhaue lyk force and executioun as gif +te same wer done be o=r= souerane lord and his thrie estaittis in full parliament Ay and qll +te nixt parliament And thairefter qll +te foirsaid ordo=r= be dischairgit . [}CO~MISSIOUN FOR SETTING OF THE QUANTITIE OF THE BUL+GEOUN TO BE BROCHT TO THE CUN+GEHOUS OF ALL CUSTUMAT GUIDIS .}] OURE SOUERANE LORD and thrie estaittis of this pn~t parliament gevis and grantis full power and co~missioun to his weilbelouittis S=r= Robert meluile of murdocairnie knicht thesaurare depute S=r= ard~ naper of edinbellie knicht generall of his hienes cun+gehous Johne achesone his hienes last m=r= cun+geo=r= and thomas achesone pn~t maister of his said cun+gehous w=t= ane or tua of the counsall of edinbur=t= Or ony fyve four or thrie of +tame the said S=r= Robert meluile alwayes being ane To convene als oft as +tai sall think expedient betuix and +te first day of Junij nixtocum And to sett and appoynt quhat dewtie of bul+geoun / his hienes aucht to haue brocht to his cun+gehous for all maner of guidis custumable passand furth of this realme And quhateuer the saidis co~missioneris decernis and ordanis to be done in the p~miss~ Thair ordinance being deulie maid subscriuit be thame or ony thrie of +tame (the said s~=r= robert being ane of +tame as said is) The same to have als greit executioun force and effect as gif +te same wer done be his hienes and his estaittis in full parliament Ay and qll +te nixt parliame~t and qll +te said ordina~ce be dischairgit or alterit be parliament . [}ACT IN FAVOUR OF THE TOUN OF DALKEYTH}] OURE SOUERANE LORD and thrie estaitis of parliament vnderstanding +t=t= how his Maiestie vpone gude considerationis moving his hienes and estaittis of parliament for +te tyme in the parliament haldin

at Edinburgh the penult day of november The +geir of god J=m= v=c= fourescoir ane +geiris alterit and changeit the mercat day of +te said toun and burgh of Dalkeyth fra the sonday to be haldin oulklie in tyme cuming vpone the thurisday and for supporting of +te said toun and burgh and +te inhabita~tis thairof assignit and grantit ane fair +geirlie to be haldin w=t=in +te said burgh vpone +te tent day of october in all tymes cuming w=t= all fredomes liberties priuileges and co~modities siclike and alsfrelie in all respectis as ony fair day is grantit to ony burgh of baronie within +tis realme And also decernit ordanit and declarit that it salbe lesum to his Maiesties lieges resorting and repairing to +te hous of the mure with scheip nolt and v+teris guidis on thurisday oulklie To bring +te guidis +tat sall rest vnsauld +te said day on fryday thairefter to +te said burgh of dalkey=t= thair to be sauld for furnessing of his hienes and his lieges resorting +t~to as at mair lenth is contenit in +te said act Thairfoir hes ratifiet and apprevit and be +te tenno=r= heirof ratifies apprevis and confermis +te said act grantit to the said burgh~ in all heidis articulis pointis and clauss~ thairof Efter +te forme and tenno=r= of the same And ordanis lr~ez of publicatioun to be direct heirvpone gif neid beis in forme as effeiris . [}ACT IN FAVOUR OF THE TOUN OF POLWART}] OURE SOUERANE LORD Remembring how cairfull his Ma=ties= maist noble progenitouris hes bene in appoynting of particulair fairis and mercat dayes to be +geirly haldin in certane townis and places within this realme maist necessare to the co~moun wealth +tairof and inhabitantis within +te samyn quhairto his Ma=tie= bering the lyk gude will and considering how necessare it is to haif tua particulair fairis and mercate dayes to be sett and assignit ilk +geir in +te toun of polwart within +te s~refdome of berwick for bying and selling of nolt scheip cornis guidis and v+teris accustmat to be coft and sauld within +te saidis boundis to +te greit proffeit and co~moditie of the inhabita~tis w=t=in +te same and v+teris resortand to +te said toun for bying and selling of +te saidis guidis quha man be ressett and interteneit vpone +tair expenss~ within +te said toun qlk lyis in the maist co~modious and frequent pairt within +te said s~refdome Quhairfoir o=r= souerane lord w=t= avise of the thrie estaittis of this pn~t parliament hes prescriuit appoyntit & assignit and be +te tenno=r= heirof prescriuis appoyntis and assignis tua seuerall and particulair fairis and mercat dayes to be haldin +geirlie in +te said toun of polwart vi~z +te ane +tairof vpoun +te tuentie four day of august and the v+ter vpone the threttene of Januar To be callit and namit in all tyme cu~ing +te fair dayes of +te said town~ of polwart Sua that all his hienes lieges may resort and repair +t~to for bying and selling of all sic guidis and merchandice And ordinis lr~ez to be direct heirvpone for publicatioun of the premiss~ within +te saidis boundis in forme as effeiris

[}ANENT THE AIGE AND QUALITIES OF THE LORDIS OF SESSIOUN}] BECAUS the nobilitie Erllis lordis and baronis auncient heretouris of landis levingis and possessionis / vnderstude the institutioun of the college of iustice and lordis of sessioun / To haue bene fra the beginni~g for decisioun of all ciuile actionis / vnto the qlk decisioun thair haill heretages land~ levingis and possessionis ar subiect / And +tat his hienes progenito=r=~ institut the said college of cu~ni~g and wysemen / Quhilk his Ma=tie= willing to continew according to his forbearis gude intentioun / And to foirsie the corruptioun increscand in the said college in this later and declyni~g aige Declaris his hienes mynd be act of p~liame~t that in all tymes theireftir / quhen ony place suld waik in the sessioun That his Maiestie suld pn~t and nominat thairto / ane man fearing god / Off gude lr~ature practiq~ Jugement and vnderstanding of +te lawes / off gude fame / having sufficient leving of his awin / and quha culd mak guid expeditioun and dispatch on materis tuiching the leigis of the realme / And +git that it is requirit that his hienes guid intentioun be mair speciallie expressit toward the complaint of the chesing of +goung men / w=th=out grauitie knawlege and experience vpoun the said sessioun nocht having sufficient leving of thair awin / THAIRFOIR Oure said souerane lord w=t= avise of the estaitis of this pn~t parliament / declaris that Nane salbe ressauit to ane place of ane senato=r= in the college of iustice / Except he be sufficientlie tryit and knawin be his hienes and haill lordis of the sessioun That the said persoun to be pn~tit and ressauit haue in +geirlie rent propirlie perteni~g to him selff / the sowme of ane thowsand markis vsuall money of this realme / or els Tuentie chalderis of wictuall / And that his experience qualitie and conversatioun may be the bett~ tryit / that he be of the aige of tuentie fyve

+geris at the leist compleit in all tyme cu~ing / vtherwayis his pn~tatioun and admissioun to be null Annulland all presentationis gevin and grantit be his Ma=tie= sen his hienes coronatioun to q=t=sumeu~ persoun or personis no=t= beand of the aige foirsaid Ratifeand neuirtheles~ and apprevand~ alwayes all actis maid be his maiesties predecessouris and his hienes self of befoir vpoun the institutioun of +te said college and reformatioun of the abuses thairof . [}TUICHING THE AUTENTICKE DAITING AND REGISTRING OFF SIGNATURES}] OURE SOUERANE LORD w=t= auise of his estaitis / hes statute and ordanit that na signatour sall pas the registeris of his ordinar officiaris of estait vnderw~ttin / except the dait thairof be fillit vp w=th= the handes of the thesaurair collecto=r= comptrollar the=r= of augme~tationis and secretar / of thair principall clerkis awin handes / And that the Reg~ra=o=un of the signato=r= or lr~e beir no=t= onlie vpoun the bak of it (Registrat) bot the day and dait of the registra=o=un w=th= the nowmer of the leiffis of the buik q=r=in it is registrat /Quhilk buik salbe markit be the hand of the clerk of reg~r or his depute constitut~ to that effect / And siclik that the kepair of the signet sall write on the bak of +te signatur the speciall day that he affixit the signet / And the wreittar kepair of +te privie seill sall write lykwayis vpoun the bak of the lr~e the day that he wreittis and passis the same the privie seill / Quhilkis warrandis sua markit salbe maid furthcu~and to ony pairtie int~essit for triall of +te antedaite be the kepairis of the signet and privie seill / And that the tryall of the saidis antedaittis sall no=t= be ressauit w=th=out verie greit adminicles and certane circumstances of falsett / And that the sowme consignit for Improbatioun be maid veray greit / The forme of the Improbatioun sall onlie be ressauit be the writtaris of +te signatoures / the principall officia=r=~ thair depuittis or clerkis keparis of +te registeris keparis of +te signet privie seill and thair s~vandis writtaris of +te precept and writtars to +te grett seill and keparis of +te same / and na vtheris / And +te pvnischeme~t of sic falsett giff ony beis fund and tryit salbe pvnisched w=t= the pane of falsett and lesema=tie= / And thre pairtes of +te land~ and guidis of +te offendar to be adiugeit to +te king / and the fourt p~t to the pairtie greved . [}FOR ESCHEWING OF FAULSETTIS IN REDUCTIOUN OF DECREITTIS OF REDEMPTIOUN .}] OURE SOUERANE LORD and the estaitis of parliament / Vnderstanding that the fabricating forgeing and devysing of fals euidentis and wreittis w=th=in this realme produceit and furnessit Innumerable and Infinite actionis and pleyis amongis his leigis To the hurt and preiudice of his hienes faithfull and trew subiectis / ffor remeid and eschewing quhairof OURE SAID

SOUERANE LORD w=t= aduise and consent of his saidis estaitis and haill bodie of this pn~t parliament ffindis decernis and declaris / That it sall no=t= be lesum to ony persoun or personis w=th=in this realme +t~ airis and successouris or vtheris personis quhatsumeuir having richt proceding fra thame / to persew for reductioun or vtherwayis to call in questioun ony decreit of redemptioun of landis teindis coillis coilheuchis woddis mylnis fischingis castellis towris fortalices or ony pairt thairof obtenit at the insta~ce of quhatsumeuir persoun or personis / aganis quhatsumeuir persoun or personis at ony tyme befoir +te dait heirof / be vertew or vnder pretext of quhatsumeuir dischargis of reuersioun or reuersionis / posterio=r= infeftme~tis / or vtheris contractis quhatsumeuir / qlkis may evacuat and tak away the said~ decreittis of redemptioun or ony of thame And this act onlie to haue place in decreittis of redemptioun proceding vpoun lauchfull premonitioun maid be the parties lau=t=full contradicto=r=~ qlkis wer also deulie su~mond to +te geving of the saidis decreittis / And for obedience thairof / hes # lau=t=fullie renu~ceit the landis and~ vtheris specifiet in the same decreittis of redemptioun and quha hes bene at sindrie tymes su~mond~ and convenit befoir the lordis of sessioun at the instance of his hienes aduocattis and partyis for thair entress~ ffor productioun and Improbatioun of all dischargis of reuersioun or reuersionis posterio=r= infeftmentis vtheris richtis and securities q=t=sumeuir qlkis micht preiuge or mak dirogatioun to the reuersioun or reuersionis / q=r=vpoun the said~ decreit~ of redemptioun or ony of thame hes followit / and producit na dischargis / posterio=r= # infeftme~tis nor na vtheris wreittis / Quhilkis micht tak away or reduce the saidis decreitt~ of redemptioun or preiuge or mak dirogatioun to +te reuersioun or reuersionis quhairvpoun the said~ decreittis of redemptioun or ony of thame proceidit Sua that the said~ personis lauchfullie warnit and su~mond in maner foirsaid / micht pretend na ignorance of the said~ decreittis of redemptioun . [}ACT IN FAUO=R= OF REDEMPTIOUN OF LANDIS BE QUHATSUMEUIR PERSONIS}] FORSAMEKLE as the exorbitant and Immoderat entres~ and proffite tane be diuers~ leigis of this realme for lent money oftymes exceding sex bollis wictuall of +geirlie a~nuell for ane hundreth markis / hes bene and is the caus of the wrak and decay of mony auncient levingis w=th=in this cuntrie / qlk hes procedit pairtlie vpoun the greit exces~ of the said vnlauchfull proffite / And pairtlie vpoun the Minoritie of the personis addettit in the saidis a~nuellis / Quha nocht being hable to pay the said~ a~nuellis in respect of the lyverent of the francteneme~tis ar secludit fra thair levingis be the warding thairof during thair Minoritie or vtherwayes negligentlie governit be the Improuident cure of thair tuto=r=~ and curato=r=~ haif sufferit the same to rin sa lang vnpayit / That the same hes

comprysit the haill auld levingis / Quhilk being the the maist vngodlie and vnlauchfull conqueis~ in it self / It is nocht onlie condempnit be the expres word of god / Bot also be the lawes of all nationis / lyk as his hienes and estaitis of the last parliame~t haldin at Edinburgh the Tuentie nynt day of Julij the +geir of god J=m= v=c= fourscoir sevin +geiris Considdering the manifald abuses following thairvpoun / hes moderat and taxt the said~ +geirlie a~nuellis / To ten pundis / or fyve bollis wictuall for euerie hundreth pundis / And proportionallie for greitar and smaller sowmes / And sua hes repressit the said vsurie in tyme cu~ing / And now his hienes and estaitis being movit w=t= the hard estait no=t= onlie of the saidis minoris / Bot also w=th= the greit skaith and preiudice sustenit be vtheris his hienes leigis be nocht payment of the said~ a~nuellis throw the occasionis foirsaidis / And being cairfull to provyde sum ordinar remeid / for thair releif in payme~t of the saidis exorbitant a~nuellis / DECLARIS statutis and ordanis that it salbe lesum to all personis quhatsu~euir alsweill minor~ as maioris addettit in payment of the +geirlie a~nuellis / qlk~ ar redemable to redeme all maner of a~nuellis ather wictuall or siluer sauld or a~nalijt be thair predecessouris furth of ony pairt of thair landis in tyme bygane / be payment or consignatioun of the principall sowme contenit in the reuersioun or reuersionis / Togidder w=th= the byrun a~nuellis thairof / Quhilkis byrun a~nuellis his hienes and estaitis liquidattis and modifies to ten markis for euerie hundreth markis allanerlie / FINDING and declaring the redemptioun of the said~ a~nuellis / to be lauchfull be payment or consignatioun of the saidis principall sowmes / Togidder w=th= ten markis for euerie hundreth markis thairof / for the byrun proffeittis of the same Conforme to the infeftmentis maid thairvpoun nochtw=t=standing quhatsumeuir contractis bandis obliga=o=nis infeftmentis decreittis or vtheris securities quhatsumeu~ maid to thame of greitar a~nuellis nor ten m~kis for the hundreth markis / To the quhilkis and euerie ane of thame / this pn~t act makis diroga=o=un insafar as the same may be extendit to the saidis +geirlie a~nuellis . [}ANENT THE VALIDITIE OF NEW BOUNDAND EUIDENTIS}] BECAUS It is cleirlie vnderstand that the baronis of this realme and vtheris heretable possesso=ris= haldand thair landis of oure souerane lord or vtheris superio=r=~ ar heichlie preiudgeit in thair heretages and co~mounties apperteni~g thairto / be new infeftmentis gevin to the personis mercheand with thame vpoun thair awin resigna=o=nis / In the quhilkis new infeftmentis be thair bound~ and m~chis specifiet thairin thay may include the propirtie of the landis nixt adiacent / qlk +tai neuir haid of befoir in greit preiudice of the landis adiacent to thame / as als thay may include the land~ perteni~g in co~montie to vtheris baronies of landis nixt adiacent / and be thair awin resigna=o=un w=t= the boundit infeftment following may move questioun

vpoun the propirtie of all landis co~tenit in thair boundit infeftment / qlk may breid ane greit stryff to all o=r= souerane lord~ leigis FOR REMEID quhairof / It is statute ordanit and decernit be his hienes and estait~ of his parliament / That the boundit infeftment quhatsumeuir ather grantit or to be grantit be o=r= said souerane lord or ony of his successouris / or be ony vther superio=r= to his awin heretable tennent / be the said heretable tenne~t~ resigna=o=un / albeit the samy~ contene ane new gift w=t= supplement of all faultis / qlk onlie respectis the superio=r= grantand +te said infeftme~t And nawayis suld be extendit to the preiudice of the thrid persoun that the said infeftment past vpoun the resigna=o=un of the tenne~t sall wirk na preiudice anent the saidis boundis or merches / ather in propertie or co~mountie to ony vther persoun Bot the questionis arrysing vpoun the richt and possessioun of the said propirtie and co~mountie / salbe det~minat / and Jugeit be the lordis of counsaill and vtheris inferio=r= Jugeis and Ministeris of the lawes in the samy~ sort and maner as gif thair wer na me~tioun of boundis and merchis contenit in the infeftment past vpoun the said resigna=o=un . [}CONCERNING PENSIONIS NOCHT AUTHORIZIT BE DECREIT OR POSSESSIOUN}] FORSAMEKLE as thair being dyuers~ pensionis alleagit disponit furth of the benefices and prelacijs of this realme To the greit hurt and preiudice thairof and +te successo=ris= albeit na possessioun is followit nor comprehendit thairvpoun in the prelattis lyftyme allegit / disponeris thairof / Quhairthrow the samy~ fallis of the law / and Manifestlie apperis to be bot forgeit and counterfute tytillis / and be ressone of the corruptioun of this ty~e and the greit hurt and preiudice of o=r= souerane lord and the successoris sustenit thairby IT is statute and ordanit be the lait act of parliament maid anent a~nexa=o=un of kirklandis to o=r= souerane lord / that quhatsumeuir pensionis disponit furth of +te prelacijs and nather auctorizit w=t= decreittis nor possessioun befoir the said act suld fall and be null [{and of{] nane availl force nor effect / Quhilk act his hienes w=t= auise of +te haill estait~ ratifies / apprevis confermis / and declaris and ordanis that all and quhatsumeu~ pensionis alleagit to be disponit furth of prelacijs And nather authorizit be decreit nor possessioun Quhether the same be of the temporalitie or spiritualitie / Quhairvpoun nather decreit nor possessioun hes followit in the p~lattis lyftyme / And befoir the said act of a~nexa=o=un salbe null sand of Nane availl force nor effect in all tymes bygane and tocum .

[}AGANIS VNLAWFULL CONDICIONIS IN CONTRACTIS OR OBLIGATIONIS}] AS IT IS no=t= lesum to vse and co~mit vsurie / sa it is no=t= lesum to ony privie man be his awin Inventioun and auc~tie to astrict or burding ony of o=r= souerane lordis liegis w=t= vnlawfull And impossible conditionis Aganis all law equitie / ressone and gude forme / Albeit thair necessitie for +te tyme constraine thame to +geald thairto As quhair sum personis gevis furth thair money vpoun proffite vpoun contractis or obligationis / Thay prowyd~ that the parties ressaveris thairof / quhairsoeuir thay duell in the farrest partes of +te realme salbe chargit to mak payment onlie be oppin proclama=o=un at the marcat croce of ed~=r= vpoun sa schort and suddane warni~g as probablie and possiblie It can no=t= cum to the knawlege of +te personis sua chargeit / And that the denu~ciatioun of the horni~g Salbe at the same marcat croce / and the horni~g reg~rat in the s~reffis buikis of edinburgh makand the same als lauchfull / as gif the personis wer chargit personallie or at his duelling place / And the executioun of horni~g vsit at +te marcat croce of +te heid burgh of +te schire quhair +te parties duellis / And the horni~gis reg~rat in the s~reff~ buikis thairof To the greit hurt and preiudice no=t= onlie of +te parties sa denu~cit bot of oure souerane lord and his leigis To quhais knawlege probablie the saidis denu~ceationis of horni~gis can no=t= cum / THAIRFOIR his hienes w=t= aduise of his estaitis in parliament / statutis ordanis and declaris / that na sic vnlawfull and Impossible conditionis be maid in contractis or obliga=o=nis amongis ony of his hienes subiectis in tyme cu~ing / And in cais~ ony denu~ceationis of horni~gis salhappin to be maid at the said marcat croce of edinburgh onlie vpoun chargis vsed thairat proceding vpoun the vnlawfull and Impossible conditionis abonespe~it / The same chargeis and denu~cea=o=un of horni~g / sall no=t= be repute lau=t=full / Bot the parties vsaris thairof salbe chargit To caus charge and denu~ce of new according to the forme vsit and obs~uit be the co~moun law / and consuetude of the realme . [}PRESCRIPTIOUN OF THE ACT OF REPOSSESSING}] FORSAMEKLE as in the pacificatioun concludit in the parliament haldin in the greit hall of the palice of linlithgw the Tent day of december the +geir of god J=m= v=c= fourscoir fyve +geiris Ratifiet and apprevit in the parliament haldin at Edinburgh in the moneth of Julij J=m= v=c= fourscoir sevin +geiris / ffor vnioun of all his hienes subiectis to his obedience / Thair wes ane gn~all pacifica=o=un maid and concludit conteni~g dyuers~ heidis and articles Speciallie that all and sindrie personis being on lyve and the aris of thame quha wer deid and wer dispossessit of thair landis and possessionis throw and be +te occasioun of the co~moun ciuile truble occurring of befoir suld~ be effectuallie

repossessit fra the croip and proffite of the +geir of god J=m= v=c= fourscoir fyve +geiris Including the mertimes terme thairof / Sen the qlk tyme it may appeir that all the personis quha wer dispossessit haue socht the remedie of the said pacificatioun be +te repossessioun aganis quhatsu~eu~ possesso=r= howbeit the possesso=r= aganis quhome the repossessioun wes socht wes nocht alluterlie the same persoun quha dispossessit thame / And be the rigo=r= of the same Act the personis seikand the said repossessioun hes obtenit the vttermaist byrun proffeitt~ continwallie sen the said feist of mertimes inclusiue the +geir of god J=m= v=c= fourscoir fyve +geris / albeit the said repossessioun wes no=t= socht frome thame ane lang space +t~eftir And sum personis in the meantyme estemit thame selffis to haue bruikit (\bone fide\) THAIRFOIR oure souerane lord and estaitis of this pn~t parliame~t statutis and ordanis that all actionis competent to quhatsumeuir persoun or personis be vertew of the foirsaid act of repossessioun be intentit and persewit befoir the Juge ordinar w=th=in +geir and day nixt eftir the publicatioun heirof at the Marcat croce of ed~=r= / with certifica=o=un that tyme and space being expyrit neuir to be hard thaireftir To intent or persew actioun vpoun the said benefite of repossessioun And fforder that be reasone of the tumultis occurring in the saidis co~moun troubles / IT hapnit that sum personis wer foirfalt denu~cit rebellis and put to the horne or trublit for the co~moun caus~ and for the same caus wer dispossessit be sic personis as wes schortlie thaireftir foirfalt put to the horne or trublit be reasoun of certane variences arrysing in the said co~moun trubles be changeing of factionis and parties as +tai thocht occasioun requirit THAIRFOIR IT wes statute and ordanit be the said pacifica=o=un / that he quha wes first dispossessit be reasone of the first truble suld be effectuallie repossest aganis all vtheris / Be the qlk it was planelie menit That the persoun quha dispossessit the vther being thairfoir dispossest him selff suld neuir be hard to acclame ony repossessioun of that qlk he acquirit be the said~ trubles Seing it manifestlie appearis be +te former act that the acclaming of +te reposs~ioun be him quha wes dispossessit in the secund place / can no=t= stand w=t= the effectuall # repossessioun of him / quha wes first dispossessit THAIRFOIR his hienes w=t= aduise of the said~ estaitis decernis and declaris / that the persoun quha obtenit his possessioun throw the foirfalto=r= / horni~g / rebellioun or truble of ane vther persoun for +te co~moun caus sall neuir be hard to clame repossessioun nather agains the said persoun / quha wes first dispossest nor againis ony vther persoun quhatsumeuir / Bot that the persoun quha wes first dispossessit his airis assignais and successouris sall effectuallie bruik his said possessioun w=t=out ony truble to be movit to thame be virtew of the said pacifica=o=un and repossessioun thairin contenit / And sall neuir be quarrellit be the persoun dispossessit / in the secund place But preiudice of ony partijs richtis to be decydit be the Juge ordiner / as is appointit be the said act .

[}ACT ANNULLING THE BANDIS AND CONTRACTIS OF PERSONIS BEING IN CAPTIUITIE}] OURE SOUERANE LORD and estaitis of +tis pn~t parliament declaris that vnderstanding sindrie of his hienes trew and faithfull subiectis / during the tyme of +te lait trubles w=th=in this realme / hes bene movit during the tyme +t=t= thay wer detenit and kepit in captiuitie / To renu~ce thair heretagis / takkis possessionis / and to dispone and assigne thair richtis of wardis nonentress~ releiffis and maraiges / to sindrie personis to +t~ greit hurt and preiudice / And als Remembring of the greit Iniuries done to sindrie of thame in the +geir of god J=m= v=c= fourscoir foure +geiris be warding of thair personis ather w=th=in his hienes propre castellis and strenthis vpoun the desyre and sute of thair parties or w=th=in the propre castellis and houss~ of sic personis quha takand occassioun of the trublis than being w=th=in this realme socht be all meanis to caus sic personis co~mittit to ward / To renu~ce thair heretages landis and possessionis in thair fauo=r=~ expres aganis all law and guid conscience FOR REMEID quhairof Oure said souerane lord being of mynd to redres~ the saidis enormities and to releif his subiectis thair aris successouris / executo=r=~ and cautionaris of all contractis obligationis renu~ceationis or ratificationis thairof maid be ony of his faithfull leigis / in the said +geir of god J=m= v=c= fourscoir foure +geiris during the tyme of thair remani~g in ward~ or at ony tyme thaireftir in the said fourscoir foure +geir of god~ / qll his hienes parliament haldin vpoun Tuentie nynt day of Julij J=m= v=c= fourscoir sevin +geiris at his perfite aige of tuentie ane +geris In fauo=r=~ of the personis be quhais moyen thay wer co~mittit to ward~ / Or in fauo=r=~ of the personis in quhais propre causs~ thay ar wardit kepit and detenit be thame thair s~vandis and dependaris in thair names THAIRFOIR Oure said souerane lord w=t= aduise and consent or the said~ estaitis and haill bodie of this pn~t parliament ffindis decernis and declaris all and quhatsumeuir contractis bandis obligationis renu~cea=o=nis ratifica=o=nis or approba=o=nis thairof maid be quhatsumeuir persoun or personis w=th=in this realme thair barnis or cautionaris vpoun the richt of thair landis heretages and possessionis to and in fauo=r=~ of quhatsumeuir persoun or personis be quhais moyen thay wer co~mittit to ward / or in quhais propre houss~ thay wer wardit kepit and detenit thairin Or in ony vther houss~ perteni~g to thair s~vandis or dependaris / Induring +te tyme of thair being in ward or at ony tyme thaireftir in the said +geir of god J=m= v=c= fourscoir foure +ge=r=~ and qll the said parliament haldin in Julij J=m= v=c= fourscoir sevin +geiris / To be null and of Nane availl force nor effect / And retreittis cass~ and a~nullis the samy~ To +te effect that in all tyme cu~ing the saidis personis +git on lyfe / And the aris and successouris of thame that ar deceissit may peceablie bruik thair said~ heretages landis a~nuelrentis and possessionis / siclyk

and als frelie as gif the said~ contractis bandis renu~ceationis / and ratificationis thairof haid neuir bene maid / And siclyk his Maiestie and estat~ foirsaidis / Retreittis rescindis cass~ and a~nullis / all and quhatsumeuir renu~cea=o=nis / dispositionis / alienationis / assignationis and translationis maid be quhatsumeuir persoun or p~sonis To and in fauo=r=~ of quhatsumeuir persoun or personis / off landis takkis poss~ionis giftis of wardis / Mariages and releiffis or ony of thame / during +te tyme that the said~ personis makaris and granteris thairof wer detenit and kepit in ward / And findis decernis and declaris the samy~ renu~ceationis dispositionis alienationis assigna=o=nis and translationis / to haue bene fra the beginni~g to be now and in all tymes cu~ing null and of nane availl force nor effect / PROWYDING alwayes that na persoun or p~sonis be hard to vse the benefite of this act / vnto +te tyme that thay refund sic sowmes of siluer to the personis fra quhome the samyn wes ressauit qlkis wer trewlie reallie and w=t= effect payit and deliuerit for making of the saidis renu~ceationis dispositionis assignationis and translationis / And that this act be no=t= extendit to +te bandis and suirties maid be bordera=r=~ or hieland or Iles men for thair obedience and payment of his hienes rentis . [}THAT THE COPIES OF LR~ES OR CHARGIS BE SUBSCRYVIT BE THE EXECUTOR THAIROF .}] ITEM IT is statute and ordanit that in all tyme cu~ing all copys of su~mond~ and lr~es qlkis salbe deliuerit to ony pairtie / be subscryuit be the officiar executo=r= thairof [}ANENT DENUNCIATIOUN OF PERSONIS TO THE HORNE VPOUN LR~ES CHARGEING ALL AND SINDRIE / GENERALLIE .}] OURE SOUERANE LORD w=t= avise of +te estaitis of parliament vnderstanding that ane of the greit causs~ of +te pn~t confusioun Is the Multitude of rebellis at the horne for ciuile causs~ / And that the occasioun thairof Is the directioun of lr~ez of horni~g in beneficiall materis generallie aganis all and sindrie / quhairby it occurris dalie that the beneficit man his takismen ane or ma pensioners his ma=ties= collecto=r=~ ane or ma sindrie ministeris ane or ma donato=r=~ to the monkis portionis first fruittis and fyft pe~nie Ilk ane w=t= thair gn~all lr~ez charge ane tenne~t addettit in payment to the prelatt for his dewtie quhairby diuers~ double poindingis cu~is in befoir the lord~ of sessioun / and the saidis tenne~tis is oftymes forcit to pas to the horne no=t= beand~ able to pay owr thair dewtie sa oft to samony parties or to abyd the expenss~ of pleying w=t= thame all / FOR REMEID quhairof hes statute and w=t= auise foirsaid ordanit in tymes cu~ing Na charges nor lr~ez of horni~g salbe gn~allie directit aganis all and sindrie except it be aganis ane burgh college or co~mwnitie qlk representis ane bodie at the leist it

sall no=t= be lesum to denu~ce ony particular pairtie to the horne vpoun sic gn~all lr~es except gif the said partie be first lau=lie= and speciallie callit To heir and sie the said~ lr~es direct aganis him / for a speciall and certane dewtie or fact / And for this effect that all giftis of pensioun monkis portionis / Ministeris assigna=o=nis of thriddis & c~ the spe~all landis / Names of the tenne~tis and qua~titie of +te dewties assignit assumit or disponit be p~ticularlie contenit and that ane dewtie be no=t= disponit to tua sindre parties qlk is (\crimen stellionatus\) of +te law / Prowyding it salbe lesum to ony beneficit man to seik gn~all lr~es conforme to his prouisioun To corroborat the same and to s~=r=ue for a publica=o=un and Intimatioun thairof / bot nawyis to s~rue or be sufficient to denu~ce ony man to the horne / no=t= beand spe~allie callit / and his dewtie expressit +t~in as said is . [}THAT COMPENSATIOUN (\DE LIQUIDO AD LIQUIDUM\) BE ADMITTIT IN ALL JUGEMENTIS .}] OURE SOUERANE LORD and estaitis of parliament statutis and Ordanis that ony debt (\de liquido ad liquidum\) instantlie verifiet be wreit or aith of the partie befoir the geving of decreit be admittit be all Jugis w=th=in this realme be way of exceptioun Bot no=t= eftir the geving thairof / In the suspensioun or in reductioun of +te same decreit . [}ANENT DAMNAGE AND EXPENSS~ OF PLEY}] ITEM IT is statute and ordanit that damnage enteres~ and the [^BLANK^] expenss~ of pley maid and sustenit be +te parties / be altogidder admittit and liquidat be +te decreit befoir all Jugeis w=th=in this realme / And spe~allie quhen as the libell / clame or petitioun ar provin be wreit contenand~ da~nage enteres~ and expenss~ / and vpoun registrat bandis obliga=o=nis and contractis / su~mondis berand for the coistis and skaithis Quhilk will stay parties to be wilfull and obstinat pleyaris / And this to be extendit alsweill to the defendaris obtenand absoluito=r= / as to the partiis p~sewaris obtenand decreit condampnito=r= . [}THAT THE OBTENARIS OF GIFTIS OF ESCHEATIS PAY THE DEBT CONTENIT IN THE HORNING QUHAIRVPOUN THE GIFT PROCEDIT .}] ITEM it is statute and Ordanit that all intrometto=r=~ w=t= ony ma~nis escheat be gift assignatioun or vtherwayis takkis possessioun of ony pairt or portioun of +te denu~cit personis landis guidis or geir in onywayis / salbe haldin to pay the debt contenit in the horni~g / quhairvpoun the gif of eschaet procedit and fell / And that lr~es be direct su~marlie aganis the donato=r=~ assignais or intrometto=r=~ w=t= ony pairt of +te escheat / at the p~ties instance / vpoun sex dayes warni~g to heir the samyn decernit / Or els to alleage ane caus quhy . & c~ .

[}RATIFICATIOUN OF THE CO~MISSARIAT OF EDINBURGH~ .}] OURE SOUERANE LORD and estaitis of this pn~t parliame~t Considdering that the Jurisdictioun ecclesiasticall belanging to the officiallis of auld~ Is and wes diuoluit in the co~miss~=ris= chosin and noi~at be o=r= souera~e lord~ darrest mother to that effect and that the matrimoniall caussis and bastardies w=t= the rest of +te wechtiest and grytest materis of the said iurisdictioun wes co~mittit to the co~missaris of ed~=r= according to the spe~all institutioun and erectioun of the said co~missariat maid be o=r= said souerane lordis mother maid in the monethe of [^BLANK^] the +geir of god J=m= v=c= lx +geiris / Be vertew quhairof the said~ co~missaris of ed~=r= and thair p~dicessouris w=t= the rest of the inferio=r= co~miss~ris w=th=in this realme / hes bene in vse and possessioun of thair said iurisdictioun in spirituall causs~ / And hes faithfullie and diligentlie dischargit thair dewties in the administra=o=un of iustice to +te leigis / Thairfoir his hienes & estaitis of this pn~t p~liame~t Ratifies and apprevis the said~ institutioun of the said~ co~missaris / erectioun and institutioun thairof w=th= the Iniu~ctionis gevin to thame / thair giftes and p~uisionis to the saidis offices eft~ the forme and te~nour thairof / w=t= all vtheris liberties priuilegis and Immvnities belanging to thair said iurisdictioun Decerni~g and declaring the said iurisdictioun to be als ample of the same force and auc~tie w=t= the iurisdictioun of the saidis officiallis to quhome +tai succedit / and to haue bene fra the beginni~g thairof and to be in all tyme cu~ing / ane lau=t=full and ordinar Jugement sait / and to bruik all the priuilegis thairof / [}FOR PVNEISMENT OF THE RESSETTARIS OF TRATOURIS AND REBELLIS}] BECAUS of +te co~moun Contempt In ressetting and suppleing of declarit trato=r=~ and rebellis owir all partis of the realme mony pretending excuse of ignorance and misknawlege of +te personis and altho=t= thay be knawin +git dois na diligence to apprehend and pn~t thame to iustice gif it be in thair power / Nor +git to mak tymous aduertisment to the ordinar magistrattis or vther personis of power w=th=in the schire and boundis nixt adiacent To the effect the said~ tratouris and rebellis may be followit and still persewit / qll thay be takin or Expellit furth of +te realme / ffor Remeid quhairof IT is statute and ordanit be o=r= souera~e lord w=t= aduise of his estaitis in this pn~t parliame~t / That all former lawes and actis of parliament maid of befoir / Aganis ressettaris of tratto=r=~ and rebellis / and pvnisement of thame qlk contempnandlie remanis at the horne salbe put to dew executioun in all pointis / And speciallie quhen euir ony declarit tratouris or rebellis reparis in ony pairt of this realme / Nane of o=r= souerane lord~ leigis sall presum

to ressett supplie or interco~moun w=t= thame / Or to gif thame meit / drink / hous~ harbrie or ony releif or confort vnder the same pane / for qlk thay ar foirfalt or put to +te horne And that Immediatlie vpoun knawlege of +tair repairing in thay boundis / That all his hienes obedient subiectis do thair exact diligence at +te vttermaist of thair power In serching seiking taking and apprehending of +te saidis declarit trato=r=~ and rebellis / and pn~ting of thame to iustice or in following of thame quhill thay be takin or expellit and put furth of +te schire and Immediatlie to mak intimatioun to the Magistratis and personis of power and auc~tie in the nixt schire Quhilkis salbe haldin to do the lyk exact diligence without delay And sa fra schyre to schire / quhill +tai be apprehendit and brocht to iustice or expellit and put furth of the realme And further quhen euir ony maner of tratouris rebellis or vnknawin men vagabundis happy~nis to repair in the cuntrie / All his hienes leigis knawing thame Or amongis quhome thay resort / sall w=t= all possible speid Certifie his ma=tie= or sum of his secreit counsaill or sum of the cheif personis of auc~tie and credite duelling w=th=in the same schire That sic personis (gif thay be knawin) ar w=th=in the samyn / And gif thay be vnknawin schawand thair taky~nis and for quhat caus~ thay pn~d thame selffis to be wandering athort the cuntrie or lurking in ony pairt vnder +te same pane that the tratouris rebellis and vagabundis aucht to haue sustenit in bodies or guidis thame selffis in cais~ +tai haid bene apprehendit pn~tit and convict~ be iustice . [}ANENT THE ESCHAETIS OF REBELLIS}] OURE SOUERANE LORD w=t= auise of his estaitis in this pn~t parliament Statutis and ordanis that na assigna=o=un or vther euident alleagit maid in defraud of +te credito=r= salbe a valiable titl~e to persew or defend w=t= / gif it salbe than instantlie verifiet be wreit that the cedent remanis rebell and at the horne for the same caus vnrelaxt / Nor na gift of eschaet assignatioun or vther richt proceding thairof alleagit maid in defraud of the credito=r= and In fauo=r= of the rebell salbe valiable title to persew or defend w=th= gif it salbe than insta~tlie verifiet be wreit / that the rebell remanis still at the horne for the same caus~ As alsua it salbe a relevant exceptioun aganis ony pn~ding title be assignatioun or gift of escheat of the rebell / To alleage that the said rebell him self his wyff barnis or neir freindis remanis in possessioun of his takkis and guidis to his awin vse and behove / AND In cais~ escheattis or lyfrentis salhappin to be gevin ony vtherwayis / nor to the behuif of the pairtie offendit the thesaurair salbe haldin to mak the dispositioun to a responsall persoun quha salbe debto=r= to +te pairtie at quhais instance the horni~g is led for his debt / Or the thesaurair (gif he think gude) sal tak guid sufficient Cautioun for his releif And incais~ the donato=r= sall no=t= be found responsall in landis or guidis / Oure souerane lord w=t= auise of his estaitis declaris the gift to

be null / AND BECAUS personis convict or standand rebellis for treasone murthe=r= slauchter or vtheris odious crymes co~mounlie hes the fruitioun of thair guidis debtis takkis steddingis and possessionis Thair houss~ still bruikit and possest be +t~ wyiffis barnis or tendir freindis to +te defraud of the law / of the proffite of the croun and encowrageing of wicket men efter co~mitting of mischevous deidis / And that vnder pretens~ and cullo=r= of fraudfull dispositionis or assigna=o=nis maid be thame selffis or giftis of +tair escheattis simulatlie purchest or transferit in fauo=r= of thame selffis thair wyffis barnis tendir freindis or weilwillaris / to +tair co~moditie and behuif . FOR REMEID quhairof Oure souerane lord w=t= auise of his estaitis statutis and ordanis that the saidis fraudfull and simulat dispositionis of escheatis or ony thing following thairvpoun Sall no=t= s~=r=ue to nurische and sustene the saidis tratouris and rebellis in thair contempt and rebellioun Bot that it salbe lauchfull to his hienes and his thesaurair to intromettw=t= and vptak the saidis eschaet guidis geir and debtis remani~g in the possessioun of the persoun be quhais deid and occasioun it fell / or of his wyff barnis famelie or tendir freindis quhatsumeuir vpoun the ground and w=th=in the houss~ occupiet and possest be him befoir he was declarit or put to the horne / Or in cais~ he haue bene ressett in the same hous~ at ony tyme efter his foirfalto=r= or denu~ceatioun to +te horne No=t=withstanding ony fraudfull dispositioun or assigna=o=un or simulat gift or richt of eschaet purchest of +te same in fauo=r= or to the behuif of the said~ trato=r=~ or rebellis of befoir / Q=r=throw the houss~ and possessionis of +te saidis tratouris and rebellis sall nawyis be suff~rit to cum to thair vse or co~moditie directlie or indirectlie during the tyme of +t~ rebellioun And the vptaking of +te saidis eschaet guidis and debtis / and laubouring of the said~ takkis and poss~ionis during the continwance of +te said~ trato=r=~ and rebellis in thair rebellioun / Sall nawyis be Imput to the said thesaurair or vtheris havand his richt or directioun as ony actioun criminall or ciuile Exonering and dischargeing thame of the same foreuir And that the said the=r= or his depuittis caus the houss~ of the p~sonis co~mittaris of +te crymes foirsaidis be detenit and kepit vpoun the expenss~ of the reddiest of +te saidis eschaet guidis . [}AGANIS GRANTING OF RESPEITTIS AND REMISSIONIS .}] FOR FURTHERING of the pvneisment of slauchteris fyre rasingis and vtheris odious crymes sa co~mounlie co~mittit in dyuers~ partis of the realme thir sindrie +geris bygane vpoun sett purpois and foirtho=t= fellony To the offence of god and contempt of o=r= souerane lord~ auc~tie his hienes followand the lovable exampl~e of his maist noble progenito=r=~ in lyk cais~ of his speciall fauo=r= and at +te instant request of his estaitis in this pn~t parliame~t gra~tis / and in the word of a prince faithfullie promittis / That he sall clois~ his handes and ceis~ fra granting of ony respeitt~ or remissionis for

ony maner of slauchter fyre rasing or vtheris odious crymes that salbe co~mittit vpoun auld feid and foirtho=t= fellony for the space of fyve +geiris nixtocum eftir the dait heirof / That in the meantyme the realme may be put in peace / and his leigis maid to leive in suirtie / Except the said respett or remissioun salbe cravit to +te offendo=r= be +te wyff barnis or narrest freind of the persoun that hes ressauit the offence / or that a sufficient lr~e of slanis sene and perfectlie considderit be his hienes counsaill / And gif ony respeittis or remissionis salhappin to be grantit for auld actionis / That it be expremit in the same that the trespas~ wes co~mittit befoir this pn~t parliament / And that his hienes and his counsaill hes sene / q=r= the pairtie is assythit vtherwayis declaris the same respeitt or remissioun to be null and of nane availl / And Incais~ ony sic remissionis or respeittis (as god forbid) salhappin to be grantit and past / Ordanis and co~mandis his hienes iustice iustice clerk and +tair depuittis to proceid and do iustice vpoun the personis vsaris thairof / No=t=withstanding the saidis remissionis and respeittis / as gif the samy~ haid neuir bene grantit or p~ducit / And ordanis all personis that hes alreddie obtenit respeittis for the saidis crymes / sen his hienes acceptit the govername~t of the realme in his awin persoun To be callit to vnderly the law for the same / at +te instance of the p~tie offendit gif thay pleis to persew / And~ althocht thay insist no=t= / at the instance of his hienes thesaurair and aduocatt / And the personis offendo=r=~ comperand / and vsand the said~ respeittis or remissionis / To caus thame find gude and responsall suirties actit in the buikis of adiornall for satisfeing of the pairtie as law will / at the modifica=o=un of the lordis of counsaill and sessioun / quhome his hienes ordanis and co~mandis To proceid / and minister vpricht iustice in modifeing of condigne and sufficient assythme~tis for +te saidis slauchteris / and vtheris odious crymes according to +te gravitie and circumstances +tairof / as +tai will ans~=r= to god and his hienes thairvpoun / And for the furtherance heirof That his hienes thesaurair and~ iustice clerk caus collect the Names of all personis that hes gottin respeittis or remissionis for slaucht~is or vtheris odious crymes / sen his hienes acceptatioun of the governament in his awin persoun / and~ pn~t the same to his hienes and his privie counsaill w=t= all expeditioun~ . [}FOR PVNEISMENT OF THE WILFULL SETTING OF FYRE IN COILHEUCHIS .}] FOR the better puneisment of the wickit cryme of setting of fyre in coilheuchis be sum vngodlie personis vpoun privat revenge and despite / IT is statute and Ordanit That the co~mitting of the said cryme in ony tyme heireftir / Salbe treasone / And that the co~mittaris thairof Being ordourlie convict / sall suffer sic pvneisment in bodies landis and guidis as is dew be the law in causs~ of treassone .

[}FOR PVNEISMENT OF MASTERFULL BEGGARIS AND RELEIF OF THE PUIR}] OURE SOUERANE LORD and his estaitis in this pn~t parliament Ratifies and apprevis his hienes Act of parliament maid for pvneisment of strang and Idle beggaris and prouisioun for releif of +te puir and Impotent / And Ordanis the same to be put in executioun in all partis of +te realme as it hes alreddie tane effect w=th=in the partis of the burgh~ of edinburgh / And becaus sum of the s~refdomes ar of wyd~ and lang boundis / quhairthrow it wilbe difficill To convoy vagabundis and personis offending to the co~moun prisonis of the heid burrowis of the schyres THAIRFOIR Ordanis and co~mandis all s~reffis stewartis ballies lordis and ballies of regalities and thair depuittis / and provest and ballies w=th=in burrowis To mak prisonis stokkis and Irnis no=t= onlie at the heid burgh bot also at the principall throuche fair townis and paroche kirkis w=th=in the haill boundis of the schire alsweill to burgh~ as to landwart / And to constitute ane or tua s~reff depuittis of honest and zelous men of best credite and power in the boundis w=th=in or nixt adiacent to the saidis burrowis throuche fair townis and paroche kirkis / To put the effect of the said act of parliament in executioun / or gif the saidis s~reffis or vther Juges ordinar beis fund remis~ or negligent / Givis and grantis full power charge and auc~tie To the Ministeris eldaris and deaconis w=th=in the boundis of euerie parochin or of samony parochy~nis as will concur togidder To Nominat and elect ane tua thrie or ma personis of the best habilitie zeale and discretioun w=th=in the same parochin or boundis / quhome his hienes makis and constitutis Justices and co~missionaris in that pairt To the effect vndirwrittin / Gevand grantand and co~mittand to thame co~iunctlie and seuerallie full power / charge and auc~tie To execute the said act of parliament concerni~g the pvneisment of strang and Idle beggaris and vagabundis / And prouisioun for releif of the puir / and Impotent / And to that effect / To fens~ and hald courtis / creat officiaris su~mond~ assyis~ / Ilk persoun vnder the pane of fyve pundis / vnlawis and panis To tak vplift and rais~ / and for the same gif neid beis To poynd and distren+gie / and to the vses contenit in the said act apply / And generallie all and sindrie vther thingis to do exerce and vse / that to the full executioun of the same act of parliament w=th=in the saidis bound~ is necessarlie requirit / And Incais~ the saidis Jugeis Ordinar or thair depuittis or the saidis personis to be nominat and elect as said is Is constitute iustices and co~missionaris / be the auc~tie of this pn~t act of parliament salhappin to refuis or delay to accept / and vse the said co~missioun / Or having acceptit the same / salbe fund remis~ or negligent in executioun thairof / thay sall incur the pane of ane vnlaw appointit aganis Jugeis and magistratis be the said act of parliament / quhairvpoun dittay salbe vptakin and +tai callit and accusit thairfoir at

generall iustice airis or particuler dyettis / Or then lr~ez salbe direct be delyuerance of the lordis of Counsaill and sessioun chargeing alsweill the saidis Jugeis ordinar and thair depuittis as the saidis personis to be noi~at and electit and constitute iustices and co~missionaris be this pn~t act of parliament vpoun the sicht of the act and testimoniall of thair nominatioun and electioun To put the said act of parliament to executioun in all pointis efter the forme and tenno=r= thairof within xl dayes nixt eftir +te charge / vnder the pane of rebellioun and putting of thame to the horne and gif +tai fail+gie thairin / the saidis xl dayis being bypast / To denu~ce the disobeyaris rebell~ and put thame to the horne / and eschaet and inbring all thair moveable guidis to his hienes vse / for thair contemptioun / And for the bettir tryall of co~moun fornaris vagabundis and maisterfull beggaris fein+geit fuillis and counterfute egiptianis / and to the effect / thay may be still persewit quhill +tai be compellit to setl~e thame at sum certane duelling or be expellit furth of the cuntrie / that the s~reffis and vtheris Jugeis ordinar and thair depuittis and vther Justices and co~missionaris abonespe~it Tak inquisitioun be inquest at the heid courtis +geirlie of the names and taky~nis of thame And mak denu~cea=o=un of +tame to the nixt ordinar Jugeis and parochy~nis in the four halffis about As also to o=r= souerane lord and his secreit counsaill w=th=in xl dayes efter the saidis heid courtis / vnder the pane foirsaid . [}AGANIS FOIRSTALLERIS AND REGRAITTARIS}] FORSAMEKLE as sindrie actis of parliament hes bene maid for pvneisment of foirstallaris and regrattaris being veray pernitious memberis in the co~moun weill +git becaus it hes no=t= bene expressit quhat wes forstalling and regraitting Thair [{foir Oure{] souerane lord w=t= auise of his estaitis in this pn~t parliament / declaris statutis and ordanis that quhaeuir by or causs~ by ony merchandice victuall or vther thing cu~ing be land or watter toward ony fair or m~catt in burgh or in landwart to be sauld in the same frome ony partis beyond sea or w=th=in the realme / Or makis ony c~tract or promeis~ for the having and bying of the same or ony pairt thairof befoir the said~ merchandise victuallis or vther thing / salbe in the fair or marcatt place in burgh port or raid ready to be sauld Or sall mak ony motioun be word write or message for raising of the prices or deirar selling of ony of the thingis abonementionat Or els dissuaid or move ony persoun cu~ing to the fair m~cat or toun to bring ony of the thingis aboneme~tionat to the m~cat fair or toun Salbe estemit and Jugeit ane foirstaller And quhaeuir gettis in his possessioun in ony fair or mercatt ony corne victuall flesche fische or vther viueris that salbe brocht to be sauld / And sellis the same agane in ony fair or mercat haldin in the same place or ony vther fair or mercat w=th=in four mylis thairof Or quha gettis in his hand be bying contract or promeis~ the growand corne on the feild~ salbe repute

a regrattair / And becaus thair hes sa little effect followit in +te executioun of +te said act~ be the magistratt~ w=th=in burrowis to quhome the executioun +t~of wes co~mittit Thairfoir it salbe lau=t=full in tyme cu~ing to o=r= souerane lord~ thesaurar or aduocat To call and persew all personis suspect and dilatit of foirstalling and regraitting Incais~ they salhappin to prevene be apprehending intenting and executing first alsweill as the saidis magistrattis in burrowis / And it sall no=t= be lesum to the magistrattis w=th=in burgh To replege ony personis challengeit or persewit be the thesaurair or aduocatt befoir his hienes iustice or his deputt~ at iustice airis or particuler dyettis / And~ albeit thair be na speciall dittay bot that the foirstallair and regraitar be onlie accusit of co~moun foirstalling or regraiting / sa repute and haldin +git the libell in +t=t= generallitie sall stand relevant and the personis accused to be put to the knawlege of ane assyis~ / and gif +tai cum in will or be convict be ane assyis for co~moun foirstalling & regraiting of mercattis / They sall incur for the first falt the pane and vnlaw of fourtie pundis / And sall find souirtie to abstene in tyme cu~ing vnder the pane of ane hundreth markis / And gif he fall agane in the secund falt / the principall and his souirtie to incur and pay the said sowme of ane hundreth markis / And for the thrid falt the offendar being convict or cum in will / To tyne and foirfalt all his moveable guidis to be inbro=t= to o=r= souerane lordis vse as escheat / And that iustice courtis or aris for the effect foirsaid~ be haldin euerie +geir twyis~ . [}AGANIS CARYARIS OF NOLT AND SCHEIP FURTH OF +TE REALME}] OURE SOUERANE LORD with aduise of the estaitis of parliame~t vnderstanding the greit wrang done to the co~moun weill be certane privat personis for thair awin co~moditie transporti~g in england +geirlie / woll / scheip and nolt / abone the nowmer of ane hundreth thowsand pu~d~ quhairby sic derth is rasit in the cuntrie that ane mutton buck is deirar and far surmou~t~ the price of ane boll of quheit FOR REMEID quhairof hes statute and Ordanit That na woll scheip nor nolt be transportit in england vnder the pane of escheating no=t= onlie of +te said woll scheip and nolt qlk salbe fund passand to england / Bot also of +te haill moveable guidis of +te actuall transportaris / And als the merchandis caussaris and principall doaris of +te said transporting / Albeit simulatlie / they caus the same to be done be puir folkis / The ane half of the saidis escheatis to appertene to the apprehendar of the saidis guidis and woll / Incais~ he may sufficientlie verifie and try the same And the vther half to o=r= souerane lord / And to be intromettitw=th= be the wardane kepair s~reff stewart or baillie / quha salbe comptable to his Maiestie for the same / And forder the saidis Offendo=r=~ salbe pvneist in thair personis be warding for the space of sex monethis and vtherwayis at his hienes

plesour / lyk as o=r= said souerane lord hes statute and Ordanit / That it salbe lesum to ony s~reff wardane kepair or ony vther barroun or officiar havand the thesauraris power and directioun To stay and arreist tak and apprehend the saidis guidis and personis / and to pn~t thame befoir the wardane / s~reff / stewart / baillie / or kepair / Or bring thame to edinburgh To be pn~tit to the iustice and his depuittis / And to vnderly the law for the said offence / qlk being tryit the offendo=r=~ sall tyne thair haill moveables to be devydit as said is / And als salbe pvneist in thair p~sonis as is abonew~ttin / at the kingis ples~=r= to the # terro=r= of vtheris / And the samyn penalties to be extendit aganis quhatsumeuir personis w=th=in this realme that sall sell ony nolt & scheip to quhatsumeuir Inglisman or vther ather abydand w=th=in the boundis of england / or that traffikis within this realme / IT being tryit that the persoun byar of +te same guidis sellis or transportis the same in england~ / And~ Oure souerane lord~ w=t= auise of his said~ estait~ a~nullis all liciences grantit or to be grantit in contrair heirof / And Ordanis that the penaltie of +tis act sall stryk aganis the transgressouris thairof / no=t=withstanding the saidis licencis purchest or to be purchest . [}ANENT DEFORCEING AND TRUBLING OF THE KINGIS OFFICIARIS OF ARMES}] ANENT the supplicatioun gevin in to the kingis Maiestie and estaitis of parliament be his hienes aduocat in name of his Maiesties faithfull and trew subiectis w=th=in this realme / Makand mentioun that nocht onlie his Maiesties offi=r=~ of armes in putting of decreittis obtenit befoir the Juges ordinar to executioun ar heavelie trublit be deforceing of thame in executioun of thair offices and stryking of thame to the effusioun of thair bluidis In hie and manifest contemptioun of o=r= souerane lord~ and his hienes auc~tie and lawes / Bot also ane new vnaccustumat contempt is laitlie cropin in and enterit w=th=in this realme / That na persoun w=th=in the same nather officiaris of armes s~reffis in that p~t may travell w=t= frie acces~ to execute ony su~mond~ and lr~es direct furth in his Maiesties name for su~moni~g of ony persoun or personis To compeir befoir the lordis of the college of iustice or vtheris Jugeis w=th=in this realme without hazard~ and p~rell of thair bodies / To the greit hinderance of iustice and preiudice of the trew subiectis of this realme quha ar willing to leve vnder his hienes obedience and~ to repair wrangis and Iniuries done to +tame be ordo=r= of law / Beseikand heirfoir his Maiestie and estatis foirsaidis To haue considera=o=un of +te premiss~ and to sett doun be act of +tis pn~t p~liame~t / That all personis / salbe harmeles~ and skathles in executing of ony su~mondis / lr~es or p~cept / and in putting of decreittis to executioun vnder sic panis and pvniseme~t / as his Maiestie and the saidis estaitis thinkis maist expedient for the ma~tenance of iustice and pvnischement of +te contempnaris thairof /

As the said supplica=o=un at mair lenth proportis / Qlk being red~ hard~ and considderit be his hienes and the said~ estaitis / and thay thairw=th= being ryplie aduysit Oure souerane lord and his estaitis convenit in this pn~t parliament / ffor remeid of +te dalie hurtis and Iniurys ressauit be offi=r=~ of armes or s~reffis / in +t=t= p~t / # executand lr~es or p~ceptis in o=r= souerane lord~ name and auc~tie / Statutis and Ordanis that incais~ ane offi=r= of armes or s~reff in +t=t= p~t / or vther persoun q=t=su~euer the ty~e of +te executioun of ony su~d~ lr~es or p~ceptis direct be his hienes or vtheris Jugeis w=th=in this realme Or in putting of decreittis to dew executioun / be deforceit in doing of +te same / or be molestit Invadit or p~sewit to +te effusioun of +t~ bluid be +te p~soun or p~sonis quhome +tai sall be v~tew +t~of su~mond or charge / or ony vtheris of thair caussing and co~mand The deforcearis and p~sewar~ of +te offi=r=~ and v+ter~ foirsaid~ sall foirfalt amit and tyne all and q=t=su~euir +t~ guid~ and geir moveable / And the ane half thairof sall ap~tene to o=r= souera~e lord as eschaet And +te vther half to +te p~tie at quhais instance the saidis su~mond~ lr~es and p~ceptis ar direct & purchest Qlk~ executionis o=r= said souerane lord and estat~ foirsad~ decernis and declaris to be lau=lie= and ordo=r=lie execute / no=t=w=t=standing the said deforceme~t and Invasioun of the said~ officiaris and v+t~r~ abonew~ttin to be co~mittit in maner foirsaid / the deforcement being first verifiet and prowin . [}CONCERNING THE RELEVANCIE OF LYBELLIS IN CAUSS~ CRIMINALL}] ITEM It is Statute and Ordanit / seing that diuers~ exceptionis and~ obiectionis rysis vpoun criminall libellis And pairties frustrat of iustice be alleagit # irrelevancie thairof That in tyme cu~ing all criminall libellis sall contene that the personis complenit on ar airt and pairt of +te cryme libellit / quhilk salbe relevant to accuse thame thairof sua that na exceptioun or obiectioun tak away that pairt of the libell in tyme cu~ing . [}ANENT THE LIBERTIES OF FRIE BURROWIS}] OURE SOUERANE LORD and his estaitis of parliament / for the gratious luif and fauo=r= / quhilk his maiestie bearis to the burrowis of this realme / eftir his perfite aige of tuentie fyve +geiris compleit Ratifies and apprevis all and quhatsumeuir actis richtis priuilegis / ordinances and constitutionis maid of befoir / be his maiestie and his maist nobl~e progenito=r=~ for mantena~ce of the liberties of frie burrowis conforme to the saidis actis and constitutionis in all pointis / And foirsamekle as be diuers~ actis of parliament maid of befoir in the dayis of his mayst noble progenito=r=~ / Is is statute and Ordanit that na persoun w=th=in this realme suld exerce the traffiq~ of merchandice / bot the burgess~ of frie burrowis Quhilkis haue no=t= bene nor +git ar obs~uit be reasone that thair is na penaltie irrogat to the personis contravenaris

thairof / THAIRFOIR oure said souerane lord~ and haill estaitis of this pn~t parliament / confirmis ratifies and apprevis the saidis actis constitutionis and euerie ane of thame / WITH this additioun / that quhasoeuir exerceiss~ the said traffiq~ of merchandice no=t= being frie burges~ / Thair haill guidis and geir sall becum in eschaet / the ane half to o=r= souerane lord / and the vther half to the burgh quhais co~missioner and collecto=r= sall first apprehend the same And to the effect that the saidis eschaet may be vpliftit / his maiestie and estaitis foirsaidis / Gevis and grantis full pouer and auc~tie to euerie ane of the saidis frie burrowis be thame selffis or thair co~missioner / and collecto=r= / quhome thay sall haue power to depute in that behalf / To serche and seik the guidis and geir of the saidis vnfremen traffiqueris / To intromett thairw=th= as eschaet / and to deliuer the ane half thairof to his hienes thesaurair / and the vther half to the burgh / quhairof he salbe appointit co~missioner or collecto=r= / Quhether it be w=th=in this realme / or in ony vther pairt / quhair the same may be challengit / And~ To arreist the saidis guidis / call follow and persew thairfoir befoir vnsuspect ballies or depuittis / quhome thay salhaue power to creat to that effect And ordanis the ane half of the said eschaet / to be intromettit with be the said co~missioner or collecto=r= as said is be applyit to the co~moun weill of the said burgh~ quha sall first apprehend~ the saidis eschaet guidis / Off the quhilk half of the said eschaet guidis thair salbe +geirlie compt maid as is appointit of the co~moun gude of the burgh / Prowyding alwayes that this pn~t act be nocht preiudiciall to noblemen baronis or vther landit men To bring or caus bring or haue merchandise to thair awin particuler vse and behuif Sua that thay sell nocht the same / or mak merchandise thairof agane to o=r= souerane lord~ leigis / Quhairin incaice the saidis noblemen baronis and vtheris abone writtin be found or apprehendit culpable / They salbe repute haldin and estemit as vnfremen traffiqueris / And it salbe lesum to the saidis frie burrowis or thair co~missioner and collecto=r= foirsaid To intromett w=t= thair haill guidis and geir as eschaet / And dispone vpoun the same / as w=t= the saidis vnfremenis guidis in maner abone writtin . [}ANENT THE TAXATIOUN OF BURROWIS}] ITEM seing the Taxatioun and stentis vpoun the realme is multiplijt quhairw=t= the burrowis ar verrie grytlie burdy~nit / Thairfoir IT is statute and Ordanit that all maner of personis inhabitantis of burrowis exercesand ony maner of traffiq~ merchandice or having change w=th=in the same / Sall beir thair pairt of all taxtis stentis and taxationis watching and~ warding in all dewties and s~uices perteni~g to o=r= souerane lord~ the weill of +te realme and the vtilitie of +te burgh / And that w=th=out ony respect to be haid to ony priuilege discharge or executionis grantit be o=r= souerane lordis predicessouris or be his hienes selff / or to be

grantit in tyme cu~ing be his maiestie / Or his successouris / To quhatsumeuir persoun or personis of quhatsumeuir qualitie / Or for quhatsumeuir caus~ And~ Ordanis this to haue executioun Aganis all personis / exerceand the trafficq~ of merchandise or vther change in ony of the burrowis of +tis realme / quhether thay be admittit frie burgess~ thairin or no=t= / Prowyding alwayes that it salbe lesum to his hienes no=t=withstanding of +te said act / To exeeme frome the saidis taxationis / watching and warding Ane persoun of ilk craft for his hienes particuler vse and~ s~uice Incace his maiestie find it guid and expedient to be done And~ siclyk that this act be no=t= p~iudiciall to the me~beris of the college of iustice and to thair priuilegis and Immvnities grantit vnto thame / Or quhairof +tai haue bene in vse in tymes bygane . [}AGANIS SIC AS EXERCESIS CRAFTIS IN SUBURBIS ADIACENT TO BURROWIS}] ITEM forsamekle As the exerceis~ of craftismen in the subvrbis of the frie burrowis Is no=t= onlie hurtfull to all o=r= souerane lordis liegis for the insufficie~cie of the wark / Bot als ministrattis greit occasioun to prenteiss~ and s~vandis in frie burrowis vndewtifullie to leive thair maisteris / And to remane and~ abyd in the said suburbis Thairby substracting thame selffis fra the iurisdictioun of +te provest and ballies of +te said~ burrowis / And als the frie craftismen resident w=th=in the said~ burrowis / ar gritlie da~nifijt / seing thay beir ane greit pairt of +te chargis of the burgh / And the advantage of the wark that suld releif thame / Is drawin away to the said~ suburbis / THAIRFOIR Oure souerane lord and haill estaitis of +tis pn~t parliame~t statutis declaris and decernis / that in all tyme cu~ing / Thair salbe na exerceis of craftis in the suburbis / adiacent to the said~ burrowis / Bot that the samyn sall ceis~ in all tymes heireftir And +tat it salbe lesum to +te provest and ballies of +te said~ burrowis / and thair depuitt~ and officiaris To intromett w=th= all the warkis that salbe fund wrocht or in wirking / Quhether the materiallis thairof appertene to the craftisman him selff / or to quhatsumeuir vther persoun / And to eschaet +te samyn~ to be applyit to +te co~moun warkis of the burgh nixt adiacent to the said~ suburbis . [}AGANIS TRANSPORTING OF WEILL AND KID SKYNNIS FURTH OF +TE REALME}] THE KINGIS MAIESTIE and estaitis of this pn~t parliament / Vnderstanding the greit hurt that his hienes subiectis dalie sustenis throw the transporting and carreing furth of the realme / off +te calf sky~nis / hudderonis and kid sky~nis / be merchantis and traffiquer~ of this cuntrie / sua that throw the scairsitie thairof / nane can be haid for making of parchement / pointis / stringis / and vtheris necess~ris / and beside

ane greit nu~ber of pur craftismen ar layid~ Idle FOR REMEID quhairof in tyme cu~ing / Oure souerane Lord~ w=t= auise of the saidis estaitis inhibitis and dischargis all and sindrie merchandis trafficqueris and vtheris his hienes leigis quhatsumeuir off all transporting and~ careing furth of +tis realme / Off the saidis calf sky~nis hudderonis and kid sky~nis / packing and peilling thairof in tyme cu~ing vnder the pane of confiscatioun of the same to his maiesties vse / Co~manding his maiesties sercheo=r=~ and custumaris To serche and seik the saidis sky~nis / And incais~ ony beis fundin transporting To intromett thairw=th= and inbring the same to his hienes vse / And Ordanis lr~ez to be direct for publicatioun heirof in forme as effeiris . [}CONCERNING THE STREITTIS AND PASSAGES OFF BURROWIS}] OURE SOUERANE LORD and the estaitis of parliament Ratifies apprevis and c~f~mis the act of parliament maid be Quene marie drowriar of +tis realme in the moneth of Junij 1555 +geiris / Intitulat Anent the co~moun passages to burrowis / Be the qlk it wes statute that all co~moun hie gaittis that frie burrowis hes bene in vse off proceding ather for passage fra thair burgh or cu~ing thairto / and~ in speciall all co~moun hie gaittis fra frie dryburrowis to the portis and heavy~nis nixt adiacent or proceding to thame be obs~uit and kepit / And nane mak thame Impediment or stop thairintill / and gif ony dois to be callit and~ accusit for oppressioun and pvnist thairfoir according to the lawis / as in the said act at mair lenth is contenit / Quhilk act w=th= the haill clauss~ and conditionis thairof / his ma=tie= w=t= auise foirsaid / willis that the samyn salbe haldin as expressit thairin / and to be put to dew executioun in all tyme heireftir w=t= thir additionis following / That forsamekle as it is sufficientlie vnderstand be his maiestie that dyuers~ malicious personis vpoun deliberat malice / stoppis and Impeidis publict passages perteni~g to the frie burrowis w=th=in this realme / namelie to the [{sey{] portis / qlkis hes grytest occasioun of trafficq~ be casting of fowseis and bigging of dykis for interclosing of the saidis co~moun passages / and will no=t= suffer the inhabitantis of the saidis burrowis and vtheris his hienes leigis and trafficqueris towardis the saidis sey portis / to haue or frequent the accustumat passage / vsit of befoir / In transporting of wictuallis fewalis viueris / merchandise and vtheris for interteynement of the co~moun negotiatioun of +te cuntrie / Bot compellis thame to pas ane myle or tua about / to the greit hurt and preiudice of the said~ leigis Heirfoir his maiestie w=t= auise foirsaid in corroboratioun of the said former act and to the effect that the samyn may be put to full executioun in tyme cu~ing / Statutis / and Ordanis that nane presum or tak vpoun hand~ heireftir to stop or impeid~ the saidis publict and co~moun passageis perteni~g to the saidis frie burrowis /

and namelie to the saidis sey portis / And gif ony salhappin to do in the contrair / The parties grevit salhaue thair recours~ to the lordis of counsaill and sessioun / quha sall grant su~mar lr~ez in thair fauo=r=~ vpoun sex dayis warni~g allanerlie / To caus and compell the co~mittaris of the said oppressioun To decist and ceis~ thairfra And to heir and sie thame selffis decernit to haue done wrang in stopping of the saidis passagis and to find cautioun actit in the saidis lordis buikis / vnder sic panis as salbe modifiet vnto thame /neuir to co~mit the lyk wrang be thame selffis +t~ men tenne~tis or s~vandis and vtheris quhome they may lett / The ane half of the said penaltie to appertene to his hienes / and the vther half to the p~tie grevit And the probatioun of the said wrang in stopping of the saidis passageis to be ressauit be famous witness~ allanerlie and~ no=t= be ane assyis~ / and the tryall thairof to appertene to the saidis lordis of counsaill / and all vtheris inferio=r= Juges to be dischargit / fra proceding in the saidis causs~ / nochtw=t=standing ony quhatsumeuir statute or constitutioun maid anent molestationis in propirtie or co~montie / In nowmer quhairof his hienes will nawayis / that the saidis oppressionis and staying of the publict passages salbe comprehendit / And~ Ordanis publicatioun to be maid heirof in forme as effeiris . [}CONCERNING CERTANE ABUSES IN THE ADMIRALLIS PROCEDINGIS .}] FORSAMEKLE as it is heavelie complenit be the haill burrowis of this realme / That thay and +te haill townis lyand vpoun the sey cost / haue bene greitlie opprest be +te admirall taking ane cullo=r= vpoun the new infeftment maid to franceis sumtyme erle bothuill of +te said admirallitie / In the qlk infeftment thair is ane greit nowmer of strange clauss~ / qlk~ wer neuir contenit in ony infeftment gevin to ony admirall of befoir / ffor repressing of the quhilk oppressioun IT is statute and Ordanit be o=r= souerane lord~ and his estait~ of +tis pn~t parliament / that the admirall of this realme / and his successouris in tyme cu~ing / exerce nor vsurp na iurisdictioun / nather +git exact nor crave ony kynd~ of dewtie / eschaet nor casualitie Bot according to that qlk wes vsit to be exercesit or takin be the admirall for the tyme befoir the deceis~ of king James the fyft of noble memorie nochw=t=standing ony greitar specialitie contenit in any of the saidis admirallis infeftmentis bygane or to cum . [}RATIFICATIOUN OF THE BURGH OF HADINGTOUN}] OURE SOUERANE LORD w=t= auise of the estaitis of this realme and haill body of +tis pn~t parliament Ratifies / apprevis / and for his maiestie and his successouris perpetuallie c~f~mis the Tua giftis vndir

writtin / w=th= the confirmatioun past vpoun the secund thairof maid gevin and grantit to and in fauo=r=~ of the provest ballies merchandis burgess~ counsell and co~mwnitie of hadingtoun / The ane / vnder the gret seill be his hienes maist noble p~genito=r= James be the grace of god~ king of scottis / To +te m~chandis burgess~ and co~mwnitie of the said burgh makand thame and thair successouris Saulf frie and quite / fra all payment of custume of salt and sky~nis vndirw~ttin callit in the vulgar toung Scorlingis scaldingis futefaillis lentrenvare lambsky~nis todsky~nis calfsky~nis cwni~g sky~nis ottersky~nis and fwmartsky~nis / As at mair lenth is contenit in the said gift / And the secund of the saidis giftis gra~tit be vmqle richert guthre abbot of the monasterie of Sanct thomas the martire of abirb~ / qlk vmqle richart foundit the hospitall of sanct laure~ce bewast the said burgh of hadingtoun / And dotit sindrie rentis and possessionis thairto / Be the qlk gift and fundatioun of the said hospitall / IT is speciallie prouidit that furth of +te poss~ionis and proventis of +te said hospitall / The m=r= thairof sall gif +geirlie to the leprois of hadingtoun remani~g in the leprois hous~ thairof / Ane chalder of wictuall meill beir or quheit for thair sustenta=o=un and support / And to be faithfullie payit to thame +geirlie at tua t~mes be evin portionis / vi~z at witsonday in somer and m~times in winter As in the said gift or fundatioun conteni~g sindre vther dewties to be payit furth of the said hospitall of S=t= laure~ce to the saidis leprois at mair lenth is contenit / Quhilk was also ratifiet and conf~mit vnder the greit seill be his hienes maist noble progenito=r= vmqle James be the grace of god~ king of scottis As the samyn confirma=o=un in the selff beris / In all and sindrie pointis heidis pass~ articles clauss~ Immvnities priuilegis conditionis and~ circumstances quhatsumeuir thairin me~tionat / alsweill no=t= expressit as expressit And~ willis and declaris that this pn~t ratifica=o=un is and salbe als sufficient / as gif the foirsaid~ giftis and conf~ma=o=nis abone w~ttin past vpoun the last thairof as said is wer at lenth ingrossit heirin / And that the samy~ w=t= thir pn~tiz Ar and salbe effectuall guid valide and~ sufficient to the saidis provest ballies m~chandise and inhabitant~ of the said burgh of hadingtoun and thair successouris / ffor bruiking of thair priuilegis foirsaid~ concerni~g the salt and sky~nis foirsaidis to be custumefrie / and all vther priuilegis co~tenit thairin alsweill no=t= namit as namit in all tyme cu~ing / As alsua that the funda=o=un foirsaid~ co~teni~g the prouisioun abonewrittin maid~ in fauo=r=~ of the saidis leprois / salbe effectuall sufficient and guid securitie for the saidis provest ballies counsall and~ co~mwnitie and thair successouris To vplift the foirsaid chalder wictuall furth of the rentis of the hospitall abonewrittin and all vther dewties contenit in the said funda=o=un / of all +geris bygane and~ to cum nochtw=t=standing quhatsumeuir act statute or constitutioun maid in the contrair / vnder the qlkis the premiss~ ar nor sall nawayis be comp~hendit lyk as his ma=tie= w=t= auise foirsaid / renu~cis gevis grantis and disponis fra him and his successo=r=~ to the said~

provest ballies counsaill and co~itie / In name of +te said~ leprois~ all richt titlie and clame of richt qlkis his ma=tie= his predicessouris or successo=r=~ foirsaidis / haid~ / hes / or may haue to the foirsaid chalder wictuall or vtheris dewties me~tionat in the funda=o=un foirsaid mortifijt to the said~ leprois as said is for now and euir . BUT preiudice alwayes of the infeftment of fewferme maid be the priores~ and~ sisteris of the schenis beside edinburgh To vmqle S=r= lues bellenden of auchnoule knicht clerk of his hienes iusticiarie his airis and successouris / Off all and haill the landis callit Sanct laurence hous~ / lyand at the wast end~ of the toun of hadingtoun / and~ within the constabularie thairof / Off the dait the xv day of februar J=m= v=c= lxij +geiris / And~ Siclyk but preiudice of ane vther infeftment off fewferme maid be the said S=r= lues of the foirsaidis landis To m=r= thomas craig aduocat and helene heriott his spous in co~iunctsie / and the aris lau=lie= to be gottin betuix thame / qlkis fail+geing to the said m=r= thomas airis and~ assignais q=t=su~eu~ Off the dait the xxiij day of marche J=m= v=c= lxxxvij +geris / with the seasingis and confirma=o=nis following vpoun a+t~ of the said~ infeftmentis as accordis of the law /

[} (\IX DIE JULII.\) }] [^A PASSAGE IN LATIN OMITTED^] The haill actis following wer red voitit and concludit be [{the Estait{]tis in plane parliament [}ACT ANENT THE KINGIS MA=TEIS= PREROGATIUE .}] FORSAMEKLE as the Estaittis and haill bodie of this pn~t parliament Considering that with the lauchfull discent in the persone of oure most gratious Souerane of the richteous inheritance of the famous and renowned kingdomes of England france and Irland quhilk verie far surpassis the wealth power and force of the dominionis of ony of his progenitouris kingis of Scotland God hes also Joynit ane wonderfull incresce of Cair and burding ffor discharge quhairof he hes endewed his ma=tie= with sa mony extraordinar graces and maist rare and excellent vertues As he is no=t= onlie knawin by daylie and Manifest experiences in materis of greatest difficultie and consequence To the vnspeakable conforte of all his faithfull subiectis To be capable of the happie gouername~t of his saidis kingdomes Bot be his maist singular Judgement foirsicht and princelie wisdome worthie to posses and habill to gouerne far greater dominionis and Numberis of people And inrespect +tairof The saidis estaittis of parliame~t persaveing that be his ma=teis= exaltatioun no=t= onlie in preeminence and power bot also in all royall qualiteis

requisit for the happie discharge +tairof God hes manifestlie expressit his heavinlie will To be That his ma=teis= Imperiall power qlk god hes sa gratiouslie inlarged Sall no=t= by thame in ony sorte be Impared prejudged or diminissed bot rather reverenced and augmented sofar as possible they can THAIRFOIR the saidis Estaittis and haill bodie of this pn~t parliame~t all in ane voluntar humbill faithfull and vnited hairt mynd and co~sent Trewlie acknawleges his maiesties souerane authoritie princelie power royall prerogatiue and privilege of his Crowne Ouer all estaittis persones and causs~ quhatsumeuir w=th=in his said kingdome And his ma=tie= with expres~ advyse consent and assent of the saidis haill Estaittis Ratefeis appreves and perpetualie confermis the samyn Als absolutlie amplie and frelie in all respectis and considerationis As euir his ma=tie= or ony of his royall progenito=r=~ kingis of Scotland in ony tyme bigane possessed vsed or exerced +te same And lykwayes with consent foirsaid Cassis a~nullis abrogattis retreittis and rescindis All and quhatsumeuir thingis attempted enacted done or heireftir to be done or Intendit To the violatioun hurte derogatioun Imparing or prejudice of his hienes souerane authoritie Royall prerogatiue and privileges of his crowne or ony point or pairt +tairof In ony tyme bigane or tocum And the saidis haill Estaittis for thame selffis and +tair successouris faithfullie promittis Perpetualie to acknawlege obey mantene defend and advance the lyfe hono=r= saiftie dignitie souerane authoritie and prerogatiue royall of his sacred ma=tie= his airis and successouris and privilege of his hienes Crowne with thair lyves landis and gudis to the vttermest of thair power And constantlie and faithfullie to withstand all and quhatsumeuir persones poweris or estaittis quha sall presume preas or Intend onywayes to Impugne prejudge hurte or Impair +te same And nevir to cum in the Contrair +tairof directlie nor Indirectlie in ony tyme cu~myng . [}ACT ANENT THE RESTITUTIOUN OF THE ESTATE OF BISCHOPPIS}] IN THE PARLIAMENT haldin at perth the Nynt day of Julij the +geir of god J=m= vj=c= and Sex +geiris be vertue of ane speciall co~missioun grantit be o=r= souerane lord to that effect vnder the great Seall of the date at hamptouncourt the aucht day of februar J=m= vj=c= and four +geiris OURE SOUERANE LORD now in his absens furth of his kingdome of Scotland Ernestlie desyring sa to provyde for the Just and politiq~ gouername~t of that Estait / As his faithfull subiectis +tairof May perfytlie knaw / That absens breidis no=t= in his royall mynd oblivioun of thair gude Bot that he is daylie mair and mair cairfull of sic thingis as may tend Maist to the hono=r= proffitt and perpetuall stabilitie and quietnes of the said kingdome / quhairin vnderstanding religioun and Justice to be sa necess~=r= .

fundamentis and pillaris / As by thame the authoritie of the princes and quietnes of the peopill In all tymes bipast hes cheiflie bene establischit and mantenit quhill off Lait in his maiesteis +goung +geiris and vnsetlit Estaitt The ancient and fundamentall policie Consisting in the Mantenance of the thrie Estaittis of parliament Hes bene greatumlie Imparit and almost subuertit Specialie by the indirect abolischeing of the Estait of Bischoppis by the act of annexatioun of the temporalitie of benefices to the crowne maid in his hienes parliament haldin at Edinburgh in the moneth of Julij The +geir of god J=m= v=c= fourscoir sewin +geiris Quhairby albeit it wes nather menit by his ma=tie= nor by his Estaittis That the said Estait of bischoppis consisting of benefices of Cure and being ande Necessar Estait of the parliame~t Suld onywayes be suppressit +git his ma=tie= by experience of the subsequent tyme hes cleirlie sene that the dismembering and abstracti~g frome thame of thair levingis hes brocht thame on sic contempt and povertie / that they ar no=t= hable to furneis necessaris to thair privat familie Mekill les~ to beir the charges of thair wonted Rank in parliame~t and generall counsaillis: And eftir the example of thair Predecessouris To assist and supplie +tair prince with thair counsaill and gudis in tyme of peax and ware The remede quh=r=of propirlie belangis to his ma=tie= / Quhome the haill Estaittis of thair bundin duetie with maist hartlie and faithfull affectioun humelie and trewlie acknawleges To be souerane monarche / absolute prince Judge and gouerno=r= ouer all p~sones Estaittis and causs~ baith spirituall and temporall within his said realme THAIRFOIR his Ma=tie= with expres~ advyse and co~sent of the saidis haill Estaittis of parliament being Cairfull to repone restoir and redintegrat the said Estait of bischoppis to thair ancient and accustomed hono=r= digniteis prerogatiues privilegis levingis landis teyndis rentis thriddis and Estaitt As the samyn wes in the reformit kirk / maist ample and frie at onytyme befoir the act of a~nexatioun foirsaid Be the tenno=r= heirof Retreittis rescindis reduces cassis abrogattis and a~nullis the foirsaid act of a~nexatioun of the temporalitie of benefices to the Crowne maid in the +geir of God J=m= v=c= fourscoir sewin +geiris as said is In safar as the samyn may in ony sorte comprehend or be extendit to the authoritie dignitie prerogatiues privileges Touris castellis fortalices landis kirkis teyndis / Thriddis or rentis of the saidis bischoprikis or ony pairt +tairof with all vtheris actis of parliame~t maid in prejudice of the saidis bischoppis in the premiss~ or ony of thame with all that hes followit or may follow thairvpoun / and all actis for dismembring of particular kirkis of co~moun kirkis of the saidis bischoprikis frome the samyn or for separatioun of the thriddis of the saidis bischoprikis frome the bodie titill and twa pairt of the samyn To the effect the persones pn~tlie provydit to the bischoprikis of scotland or ony of thame / or that sall heireftir be p~vydit to the samyn May

frelie quietlie and peciablie Injoy bruik and posses the hono=r=~ digniteis privileges and prerogatives competent to thame or thair estait / sen the reformatioun of the Religioun / and all touris fortalices landis kirkis / teyndis / rentis twa pairt thriddis patronages and richtis quhatsumeuir belanging to the saidis bischoprikis or ony of thame and vse and exerce the samyn / and frelie dispone vpoun the haill twa pairit and thrid temporalitie and spiritualitie of thair saidis bischoprikis and all the premiss~ belonging to the saidis bischoprikis As the saidis actis of a~nexatioun and remanent actis maid in onywayes to thair preiudice in the premiss~ and euerie ane of thame and all that followit +tairvpoun had nevir bene maid nor done They allwayes Intertenying the Ministeris serveing at the cure of the kirkis of thair saidis bischoprikis vpoun the reddiest of thair saidis thriddis according to the ordinar ass~nationis maid or ressonable to be maid +tairane~t ATTOURE becaus his Maiesteis Intentioun is onlie To restoir the bischoprikis qlkis ar benefices of cure And nawayes to alter ony thing done in vther benefices quhilkis ar no=t= of cure And for the better satisfactioun of his ma=teis= subiectis and faithfull servandis quhome his ma=tie= in his princelie liberalitie for diu~s~ gude respectis and causs~ moveing him Hes beneficit rewardit and advanceit with erectionis fewis patronages teynd~ and vtheris Infeftmentis co~firmationes of landis Rentis teyndis patronages and vtheris richtis of abbaceis Prioreis and vtheris benefices no=t= being bischoprikis / And to the effect they be no=t= prejudgeit nor put in Mistrust by this act of thair securitie in the premiss~ His hienes with advyse of the haill Estaittis of parliame~t Ratefeis appreves and for him and his successouris perpetualie confermes The haill erectionis Infeftmentis Confirmatiounes patronages / takkis and vtheris securiteis of landis teyndis patronages / richtis and rentis quhatsumeuir of the saidis haill benefices foirsaidis or ony pairt +tairof (no=t= being bischoprikis) Gewin disponit or confermit be his ma=tie= during the tyme of the said parliament haldin in the moneth of Julij J=m= v=c= fourscoir sewin +geiris of befoir or sensyne Maid agreable to the lawis and actis of the said parliame~t fourscoir sewin and vtheris lawis and actis maid sensyne And faithfullie promittis (\in verbo principis\) Neuir to querrell nor Impugne +te sami~ directlie nor Indirectlie in ony tyme cu~mi~g As alsua for +te weill & securitie of the tennentis of the landis and teyndis of the saidis bischoprikis Quha since the act of a~nexatioun hes debursit diuers~ sowmes of money To his hienes Thesaurar for making and confermyng to thame of thair Infeftmentis takkis and securiteis of the saidis landis teyndis and rentis of the saidis bischoprikis possessit by thame And to the effect that the a~nulling of the said act of a~nexatioun bereiff +tame no=t= altogidder of the saidis landis teyndis and rentis of bischoprikis acquirit be thame vpoun thair large charges and expenss~ according to the law than standing

And that vpoun the vther pairt The saidis bischoprikis be no=t= altogidder maid vnproffitable be the vnlauchfull dilapidatioun of +te rentis +tairof And hurtfull conversioun of the victuall Caynis customes and vtheris comoditeis of the sami~ for vnequall and vnworthie prices Thairfoir his ma=tie= with advyse of his Estaittis foirsaidis Ordanis the saidis persones possessouris of the landis or teyndis of bischoprikis be vertue of Infeftme~t~ Confirmatiounes or takkis of the sami~ grantit or sett since the said act of a~nexa=o=un and co~forme to the sami~ and lawis of the Realme at the tyme of the making +tairof Sall haue the securiteis co~firmatiounes takkis and richtis of the saidis landis and teyndis of the bischoprikis foirsaidis renewit and grantit to thame in sufficient p~fyte and valide forme be the bischoppis possessouris of the saidis benefices The saidis fewaris Takismen and tennentis Payand to the saidis bischoppis for gressum entres and compositioun for renewing of thair saidis fewis of all landis and vtheris belanging to the saidis bischoprikis and als for ratificatioun of thair saidis takkis of all teyndis Perteni~g +tairto / Off the qlkis at the day and date heirof Thair is ten +geiris Croppis of the samyn to ryn The doubill of the +geirlie siluer duetie co~tenit in thair saidis fewis and takkis And the singill of the victuall duetie and of all vtheris dueteis expressit +tairin And that by and attoure +te +geirlie duetie expressit in thair saidis fewis and takkis The qlkis dueteis for gressum entres and Compositioun The haill estaittis of parliament declairis Sall be Payit be the saidis fewaris takkismen and tennentis within +geir and day eftir they be lauchfullie Cytit to that effect and for that samyn cause Or eftir that Intimatioun of the samyn be maid to thame be the bischoppis in thair awin courtis And incais of no=t= thankfull payme~t of the doubill of the said siluer duetie And of the singill of the said victuall and vtheris dueteis within +geir and day Eftir the said citatioun and Intimatioun as said is The saidis estaitis of Parliament ffindis and declairis That the saidis fewaris and takkismen Sall be astrictit to pay eftir the expyring of the said +geir and day (Thankfull payme~t no=t= being maid within that space of the foirsaidis gressumes enteres and co~positioun Extending to the quantitie abonewrittin) The quadruple of the siluer duetie and the doubill of the said victuall and vtheris dueteis foirsaidis To the saidis bischoppis by and atto=r= +te +geirlie dueteis co~tenit in thair saidis fewis and takkis as said is And the saidis Estaittis declaris / That gif thair is no=t= ten +geiris co~pleit to ryn of the saidis takkis of teyndis pertenyng to the kirkis of the saidis bischoprikis eftir the day and date heirof / In that cais~ +te Takismen onnawayes sall be astrictit to pay ony gressum enteres or compositioun for +te samyn To the saidis bischoppis / bot they To be frie +tairof ATTOURE the saidis Estaittis declaris That the said act & ordinance of parliame~t Sall nawayes be extendit comprehend nor prejudge ony fewis of bischoprikis

lauchfullie sett and confermit befoir +te said act of a~nexatioun qlk wes in the said moneth of Julij J=m= v=c= fourscoir sewin +geiris EXCEPTAND and Reserveand alwayes furth of this pn~t act All dispositionis maid of quhatsumeuir Patronages of the kirkis perteni~g to the saidis bischoprikis disponit be lauchfull titularis and the kingis ma=tie= and Ratefeit in parliament In fauouris of quhatsu~euir persone or persones and nane vtheris And ffindis and declaris all and quhatsumeuir dispositionis maid of the foirsaidis patronages of all kirkis perteni~g to bischoprikis disponit be the lauchfull titularis and his ma=tie= / And no=t= confermit in parliament / To be of nane availl Althogh the samyn Patronages be grantit and disponit be the kingis ma=tie= and titularis +tairof And lykway Exceptand and Reserveand all co~moun kirkis perteni~g of auld to the saidis bischoppis and thair chaptour in co~mountie quhilkis ar disponit be his ma=tie= To quhatsumeuir persone at ony tyme preceding +te date of this p~nt act / And +te saidis Estaittis declaris that gif thair be ony co~moun kirkis perteni~g to the saidis bischoprikis and to thair chaptour of auld / That now pertenis and fallis to thame vertew of this pn~t act / That thairby the Ministeris quha ar lauchfullie provydit To the saidis co~moun kirkis be pn~tatioun collatioun and Admissioun and serveing thairat / Sall nawayes be prejudgeit during +tair lyfetimes Bot that the saidis p~uisionis sall be Sufficient richt and warrand to the saidis Ministeris To bruik Jois~ and posses thair Co~moun kirkis foirsaidis According as they ar provydit +tairto for all the dayes of thair lyfetymes No=t=withstanding of quhatsumeuir clause contenit in this pn~t act or ony vther act of parliame~t that micht mak ony derogatioun to the saidis provisionis / EXCEPTAND alwayes and Reserveand +te Castell of Sanctandrois and Castell +gairdis of the sami~ disponit To George Erle of dunbar vpoun the resignatioun of George Archibischop of Sanctand~ dissoluit and dismemberit fra the said Archibischoprik be oure said souerane lord and Estaittis with Expres~ consent and assent of the said Archibischop Personalie Comperand on p~liame~t Quhometo oure said souerane lord in place and recompence of the said castell Hes gewin And disponit The provestrie of kirkhill vicarage and Archidenrie of Sanctandrous To remane with the said archibischop and his successouris by and attoure ane +geirlie pensioun of thrie hundreth merkis gewin to the said Archibischop Sua that the said Castell and castell +gaird~ Sall nawayes be comprehendit in this pn~t act nor +git sall be comptit nor Estemit in ony tyme heireftir ony pairt or portioun of the patrimonie of the said Archibischoprik Bot sall remane w=t= the said George Erle of dunbar his airis and successouris as thair propir heretage lauchfullie disponit to thame And dissoluit fra the said Archibischoprik And in lykmaner the saidis Estaittis declaris that the foirsaid act grantit in fauouris of the saidis bischoppis Sall no=t= be extendit nor preiudiciall to the infeftmentis

richtis and titillis Maid to s~=r= Robert melvill of Murdocarnie kny=t= his airis and successouris mentionat +tairin of the landis of monymaill and lethame with the maner place +gairdis and biggingis of monymaill and patronage of the kirk of monymaill Perteni~g of auld to the archibischop of Sanctandrous And declaris the samyn Infeftme~tis to stand in the awin strenth no=t=withstanding of this pn~t act Provyding alwayes that the said s~=r= Robert melvill and his airis Sustene and interteny the Ministeris serveing at the said kirk vpoun the fruittis of the sami~ kirk / And no=t=w=t=standing of this pn~t act and haill clauss~ +tairin co~tenit Oure said souerane lord with advyse foirsaid haveing Considerit the fewaris of the baronie of glasgow To be mony in number And the Povirtie of the maist pairt of thame to be suche As they ar no=t= abill to furnesche the ordinary Charges for renewing thair Infeftmentis Haif dispensit and be this pn~t act dispenss~ Anent the foirsaid claus~ of renewing of fewis with samony of the saidis fewaris As haue takin thair fewis without diminutioun of the rentall and conversioun of victuall & vtheris dueteis in Siluer And quha sall obtene ane Ratificatioun frome Johne now Archibischop of glasgow of the saidis fewis and Richtis befoir the feist of Alhallowmes nixtocum And declaris the fewis lauchfullie sett as said is to the saidis persones valide & effectuall Thair airis successouris and assignais Alwayes entering be +te said Archibischop as thair Immediat superio=r= and be his successouris to thair saidis landis rowmes and possessionis be brevis rasit out of the said Archibischoppis chancellarie Preceptis of clare constat resignationis and confermationis as vse is And payand +tair few maillis fermes multuris caynis and vtheris dueteis To the said Archibischop and his successouris in all tyme heireftir But preiudice To the lr~es of gift and pensionis Grantit to the duke of lennox S=r= George s~=r= James and s~=r= archibald Erskynnis Pensionis furth of the fruittis of the said Archibischoprik of glasgow To be bruikit be the said lord duik during +te said Lord dukis lyfetyme alanerlie [}ANENT FOIRFALTIT PERSONES}] OURE SOUERANE LORD perfytlie vnderstanding that the dew pvnischement Inflictit to trato=r=~ and Rebellis / and +te rewardis richtlie distributit to faythfull and weill deserveing subiectis Incourages the better sorte in weill doing And is ane terro=r= to the ewill disposit to give withgait to thair Inclinatioun In consideratioun thairof with advyse and consent of the estaittis of his hienes parliame~t Ratefeis appreves and perpetualie confermes the process~ sentences and domes of foirfalto=r=~ led deducit and pronu~cit Aganis ffrancis sumtyme Erle bothuell vmq=le= Johne sumtyme erle of gowrie and vmq=le= maister alexander ruthven his brother thair memorie Togidder w=t= the actis maid Ane~t the Inhabilitie

of the posteritie of the saidis trato=r=~ And decernis declaris statutis and ordinis That the gratious restitutioun to be gewin be his maiestie or ony of his successouris To ony persone or persones alreadie foirfaltit sen his ma=teis= perfyte age or quha in ony tyme cu~mi~g sall happin lauchfullie to be foirfaltit be his maiestie or ony of his successouris / Or to thair airis or thair successouris Sall nawayes hurte or prejudge ony of his hienes subiectis in the richt and securitie obtenit or to be obtenit be thame or ony of thame of the landis possessionis takkis richtis gudis or geir perteni~g to the saidis foirfaltit Rebellis And fallin to oure said souerane lord or his successouris / be thair rebellioun and foirfaltour / Bot that the sami~ landis possessionis takkis richtis gudis and geir quhatsumeuir fallin to his maiestie in maner foirsaid and lauchfullie disponit be his hienes or heireftir to be disponit be him or his successouris To ony of his or thair faithfull subiectis Sall perpetualie remane w=t= and appertene to the ressaveris of the securitie and dispositioun +tairof no=t=withstanding the said gratious restitutioun to be obtenit be +te saidis foirfaltit persounes or thair airis or successo=r=~ qlk salbe na forder extendit nor haue na forder force nor effect bot for the rehabilitatioun of thair persones alanerlie / And nawayes to be extendit to the landis possessionis takkis richtis gudis or geir perteni~g to thame befoir thair foirfaltour And lauchfullie disponit to ony of his hienes obedient subiectis At sic tyme as the Indoubtit richt thairof stude in his hienes persone ffallin and becum in his ma=teis= handis be vertue of the said foirfalto=r= / And becaus the persones foirfaltit thair bairnis and freindis In preiudice of his hienes donato=r=~ and v+t~is his Maiesteis obedient and duetifull subiectis Abstractis and absentis the evidentis takkis and securiteis of the landis rowmes and possessionis of the saidis foirfaltit persones IT is thairfoir statute & ordanit that no=t=withstanding +te abstracting and absenting be ony p~sones of the evidentis takkis and securiteis of the landis and possessionis qlkis pertenit to ony foirfaltit Persones and q=r=of the richtis being ather disponit or confermit be his ma=tie= / The saidis dispositionis or confirmationes Ar extant in his hienes register That the extract thairof furth of the register Sall be als gude and sufficient titill and richt to his ma=teis= donatouris and vtheris his obedient and dewtyfull subiectis haveing richt thairto ffor bruiking and Joising the saidis landis and possessionis As gif the principall and originall evidentis takkis or securiteis wer +git extant And that the saidis evidentis and securiteis sall no=t= be decernit to mak na faith or to be Imp~vin for no=t= p~ductioun of the originall and principall The saidis extractis or confirmationes being producit be his ma=tie= or his donato=r=~ and vtheris foirsaidis And they being co~tent to abyd at the veritie of the deid and tryell no=t= onlie of the treuth of the co~firmatioun Bot also at the treuth of the wrytt qlk is insert in the confirmatioun q=r=of the prin=ll= is abstractit .

[}ACT ANENT THE RIVERIS OF TWEID AND ANNAND~}] OURE SOUERANE LORD and Estaittis of parliament Vnderstanding that in the act maid in his hienes parliame~t in the +geir of god J=m= and sex hundreth +geiris quhairby the slaying of salmond fische in foirbiddin tyme or of kipper smoltis or blak fische at ony tyme wes declarit to be thifte and the co~mitteris +tairof wer ordanit to be pvnishit for the samyn as for thyfte The Riveris of Tweid and a~nand wer than exceptit Becaus the saidis Riveris at that tyme divydit at mony pairtis the boundis of scotland & England adjacent vnto thame / quhairby the foirberance vpoun the Scottis pairt of the slauchter of salmond in foirbiddin tyme and of kipper smoltis and blak fische at all tymes / wald no=t= haue maid salmond ony mair to abound in these watteris / gif the lyk ordo=r= had no=t= bene than observit vpoun the Englische syd / Quhilk impedime~t throw the Infinit mercie of god being now removeit by the most happie vniting of the Empyre of both the kingdomes In the royall persone of his maist excellent ma=tie= / Indoubtit and richteous monarche of the samyn Quhairby the Inhabitantis of this haill Ile ar equaly subiect to his sacred persone and lawes / and the remede of thair harmes and Redres~ of thair abuses pvnischeme~t of thair transgressionis and estableissing of thair vniuersall weill belangis to his charge Thairfoir our said souerane Lord and estaittis of his hienes parliament cleirlie vnderstanding That the cause of the said exceptioun Is now remowed Ratefeis and apprevis the said act of p~liame~t Anent the foirbidding of salmond kipper smoltis and blak fische in maner abonewrittin And panis of thifte and death decernit aganis +te Contravenaris thairof And retreittis & perpetualy a~nullis and abrogattis +te said exceptioun of the saidis watteris of tweid and a~nand And decernis and ordinis that in all tyme cu~mi~g The controvenaris of the said act or ony pairt thairof in the watteris of Tweid or Annand or ony pairt of the sami~ Sall vnderly the saidis panis of thift and death according to the qualitie Rank and estait of the co~mitteris +tairof And as gif the first act had bene generall And +te said exceptioun had nevir bene contened +tairin [}ANENT THE CUSTOMES BETUIX SCOTLAND AND ENGLAND}] OURE SOUERANE LORD and Estaittis of this pn~t parliament statutis and ordinis that the farmeris of the customes in scotland do keip ane originall buik of all the gudis that ar enterit and schippit for England The schippis name place and maisteris name and to quhat porte the schip is bound And to keip the entreis of euerie porte by thame selffis

And euerie half +geir the farmeris of scotland To send ane trew copie of the samyn buikis To the farmeris of England And the fermeris of England to do the lyk to the fermeris of Scotland And anis +geirlie lykwayes to send the ane vnto the other all the returnis quhilk come frome ather kingdome for discharge of thair bondis To examine gif they be no=t= falsifeit qlk being examinat sall be Returnit bak agane Siclyk it is statute & ordinit that the coquett do pas in the Names of the principall awneris of the gudis ladin in euerie schip and no=t= in poore me~nis Names scarslie knawin In England ITem that ordo=r= may be takin that na geir nor merchandice be sufferrit to pas by land frome scotland into England nor frome England into scotland by the waist ground~ and wasches IT is statute and ordinit that all gudis caryit by land frome scotland to England or brocht frome England to scotland May pas onlie by the wayes of Berwick and Carlyle and by no other way to prevent all fraude And that all mercheandis do bring A certificate frome the fermeris deputeis of Edinburgh To the farmeris deputeis of berwick and Carlyle And also the farmeris deputeis of berwick and carlyle To gif the lyk certificate for all gudis passing those wayes for Edinbur=t= or any vther citie or towne in scotland and to keip originall buikis +tairof vnder the pane of warding of the persones of thame quha sall contravene this pn~t act or ony point +tairof And escheitting & co~fiscatioun of the haill gudis geir and merchandice qlkis ony persone or persones sall transporte betuix scotland and England vtherwayes nor is prescryued in this pn~t act . [}ANENT GLEBIS IN PASTURAGE AND SOWMES GRAS~}] OURE SOUERANE LORD and Estaittis of this pn~t parliame~t vnderstanding that be the act of parliament Anent +te designatioun of manss~ and gleibis to Ministeris IT is ordinit that thair sall be four akeris of land designat to ilk Minister for his gleib Nixt adiacent to the kirk / And seing that by the Iniquitie of tyme and disordour of the bordouris and hielandis of this realme in tyme bigane / Thair ar sindrie kirkis within the sami~ qlkis hes na arrable land adiacent thairto bot onlie pasturage Sua that be the foirsaid act of parliament maid anent +te designatioun of four akeris of land onlie for +te gleib of ilk Minister and na forder The Ministeris serveing the Cure at sic kirkis as hes na arrable land adiacent +tairto bot onlie pasturage Ar greatumlie hurte and defraudit FOR REMEDE q=r=of it is statute and ordanit That in all tyme cu~mi~g Thair be designit to the Ministeris serveing the cure at sic kirkis quhair +tair is na arable land adiacent +tairto four sowmes gres~ for ilk aker of the saidis four akeris of gleib land Extending in the haill to sextene sowmes for the said four akeris And that of the maist co~modious and best pasturage of ony

kirklandis lyand nixt adiacent and maist Ewest to the saidis kirkis And ordinis lr~es to be direct aganis +te possessouris +tairof for removeing thairfra in the samyn forme as is appointit be +te foirsaid act of parliame~t maid Anent designatioun of Manss~ and gleibis of befoir [}ANENT TEYNDING OF CORNES .}] IT IS STATUTE and ordanit be o=r= souerane lord and Estaittis in parliament That in tyme cu~mi~g in all teynding of cornes That the samyn be teindit At thrie seuerall tymes euerie +geir Gif the awneris of the cornes sall think it expedient To wit the Croft infeild corne at ane tyme The beir at ane vther tyme / and +te outfeild corne at the thrid tyme And declaris that fyftene dayes eftir the Compleit scheiring of ilk sorte of cornes being outrun That it salbe lesum To the awneris of at the said fyftene dayes end To mak requisitioun vpoun sewin dayes To gif thame Thankfull teynding / And gif the awneris get no=t= thankfull teynding at the expyring of the saidis sewin dayes The saidis Estaittis declaris That it sall be lauchfull to the awneris of the saidis cornes to teynd and stak the sami~ thameselffis Conforme to the act of parliame~t maid of befoir anent teynding of Cornes in all pointis / And sall incurre na danger thairthrow . [}ANENT AULD DECREITTIS OF EIECTIOUN AND SPUL+GIE IN THE BORDOURIS .}] OURE SOUERANE LORD and Estaittis of this pn~t parliament being cairfull that the satled and peciable estait happelie begun in those pairtes of this countrey quhilkis wer the lait bordo=r=~ foiranent England May be so manteyned As all occasionis of disturbans +tairof May be providentlie foirsene and convenientlie remedeit And vnderstanding that nathing is mair hable to bring divers~ of the Inhabita~tis of the saidis lait bordo=r=~ To disperat courses and turbulent enterpryses Than the rigorous executioun of auld decreittis obtened Aganis thame or thair predecesso=r=~ Tuentie +geiris befoir his ma=teis= happie successioun to his crowne of England specialie quhair the saidis decreittis of thair awin nature may bring +te danger of the +geirlie violent proffeittis vpoun the persones aganis quhome the saidis decreittis wer obtened And thairby surmounting often tymes thair haill valient gif they be put to extreme executioun will gif the pairty occasioun of suche dispair As may Induce thame to attempt so dangerous remedyes As may disturb the generall quietnes and renew or begin hotte and bloody feedes amongis the pairteis / ffor remede quhairof and to the effect suche auld decreittis of eiectioun or removeing as wer obteyned Tuentie +geiris befoir his ma=teis= co~ming to the crowne of England And

na executioun socht and obteyned +tairvpoun during the said space of tuentie +geiris preceding his Ma=teis= obteni~g of the crowne of England May no=t= vrge and dryve to dispair and miserie such as haue these thrie +geiris bigane conteyned thameselffis in all dewtifull obedience to his ma=teis= authoritie and lawes THAIRFOIR his maiestie and Estaittis foirsaidis statute and ordane that all suche decreittis of eiectioun and removeing and all effect and executioun that ony way may follow +thairvpoun sall ceas~ and in tyme cu~mi~g be voyde / Except for obteyni~g possessioun to the pairteis in quhais fauo=r=~ the saidis decreittis wes pronu~ced of the landis thairin co~tened and payment to thame of the ordinar proffeittis qlkis the saidis landis haue payit To the persones aganis quhome the saidis decreittis wes gewin of the +geiris since his ma=teis= going to England alanerlie and of na vtheris +geiris preceding +te samyn with speciall p~uisioun that Incais the persones aganis quhome the foirsaidis decreittis of removeing or eiectioun wes gewin salhappin heireftir to be lauchfullie denu~cit rebellis and put to the horne for no=t= obedience of the foirsaidis decreittis They being first chargeit eftir the day and date heirof be all the charges co~teyned in the lr~es rasit or to be rasit vpoun the saidis decreittis To obey the sami~ In that cais~ +te saidis Estaittis of Parliame~t declaris that the persones obtenaris of the foirsaidis decreittis sall haue sufficient actioun Aganis the persones defendaris specefeit in the saidis decreittis for the violent proffeittis of the landis mentionat +tairintill Continewallie sen the obteyni~g of the foirsaidis decreittis As accordis of the law no=t=withstanding of this pn~t act [}ACT ANENT DIRECTING OF LR~ES OF HORNYNG ON S~=R=EFFIS STEWARTIS AND BAILLIES DECREITTIS}] OURE SOUERANE LORD and Estaittis of this pn~t parliament ordinis for the greater forderance and better executioun of Justice to all his Maiesteis lieges And eschewing of the superfluous and vnnecess~=r= charges quhilk they sustene by poinding on decreittis obtenit befoir s~reffis stewartis and baillies alsweill of Royaltie as regalitie That the lyk lr~es and executioun of horni~g be direct and grantit be +te Lordis of Sessioun vpoun all actis decreittis and Sentences of schireffis stewartis and bailleis alsweill of royaltie as regalitie As is grantit and direct vpoun decreittis actis and sentences of provestis and bailleis within burgh Conforme to the act of parliament maid +tairanent and eftir +te forme and tenno=r= of the samyn in all pointis . [}ANENT COIL+GEARIS AND SALTARIS .}] OURE SOUERANE LORD and estaittis of this pn~t parliame~t Statutis and ordinis that na persone within this realme heireftir sall fie hyre or conduce

ony saltaris Coil+gearis or coilberaris without ane sufficient testimoniall of thair Maister quhome they Last seruit subscryuit with his hand or at leist sufficient attestatioun of ane ressonable cause of thair removeing maid in pn~s of ane baillie or magistrat of the pairt quhair they come fra And incais~ ony ressaue fie hyre supplie or Interteny ony of the saidis col+gearis saltaris or coilberaris without ane sufficient testimonie as said is The Maisteris quhome fra they came challengeing +tair servandis within +geir and day That the pairtie quhome fra they ar challengeit Sall delyuer thame bak agane within tuentie four houris vnder the pane of ane hundreth pundis to be payit to the persones quhome fra they passit And that for ilk persone and ilk tyme that they or ony of thame salhappin to be challengeit and no=t= delyuerit as said is And the saidis coil+gearis coilberaris and saltaris to be estemit repute and haldin as theiffis and pvnischit in thair bodyes vi~z samony of thame as sall ressaue foirwageis and feis And the saidis Estaittis of this pn~t p~liame~t Gevis power and Co~missioun to all maisteris and awneris of coilheuchis and pannis To apprehend all vagabound~ and sturdie beggeris to be put to labour . [}ACT ANENT SETTING OF FEWIS BE SUBVASSELLIS OF WAIRD LANDIS .}] OURE SOUERANE LORD and Estaittis of parliame~t haveing consideratioun of the act and statute maid be his hienes predecessour king James the secund of worthie memorie in the fourtent parliament haldin be his ma=tie= and threscoir tuelf chaptour of the said p~liament Anent the setting of landis in fewferme As the act itself at lenth contenis vnder the pretext and collo=r= quhairof diu~s~ persones halding +tair landis of vtheris superio=r=~ for seruice of waird and releif hes sett the saidis landis haldin be thame as said is In fewferme To vtheris thair subvassellis for payme~t of ane fewferme duetie quhairby they do manefast preiudice to thair saidis superio=r=~ in altering of the said first halding Expres~ repugnand to the meani~g of the said first act Quhairas the said halding Can be nawayes alterit be the vassellis without sum direct deid done be thair superio=r=~ Tending to approve the said dispositioun / qlk may alter the nature and conditioun of the said first halding ffor remede quhairof oure souerane lord and Estaittis of parliame~t pn~tlie convenit hes statute and ordanit and be the tenno=r= of this pn~t act Statutis and ordinis in all tyme cu~myng That it sall nawayes be lesume To the vassellis of ony Erle Lord prelat / baroun or ony vther frie halder within this Realme quha haldis +tair landis of thair saidis superio=r=~ be seruice of waird & releiff To sett thair saidis landis qlkis ar haldin be +tame as said is To ony other persone in few ffor payme~t of ane fewferme duetie in preiudice of thair saidis ouer lordis quhome of they hald the saidis landis be

service or wairde & releiff as said is without the speciall advyse and consent of thair said superio=r= had and obtenit to the setting of the saidis landis in fewferme or purchessing of the saidis superio=r=~ co~firma=o=un to the said dispositioun gif ony salhappin to be maid as said is And incais ony sic alienatioun salhappin to be maid in ony tyme to come without consent of the said~ Superio=r=~ or thair confirmatioun obtenit to the samyn Oure said souerane Lord and Estaittis of parliame~t ffindis decernis and declaris all sic dispositionis to be Null and of Nane availl force nor effect ather be way of actioun or exceptioun . [}ANENT LAYING OF LYNT IN LOCHIS .}] OURE SOUERANE LORD and Estaittis of parliament finding that the laying of Lynt in lochis and burnis Is no=t= onlie verie hurtfull to all fisches bred within the samyn And bestiall that drinkis thairof / bot also the haill watteris of the saidis lochis and burnis thairby being infectit Is maid altogidder vnproffitable for the vse of man And verie noysum to all the people duelland +tairabout Thairfoir statutis and ordinis that na persone nor persones in tyme cu~mi~g lay in lochis and rynnand burnis ony grene lynt vnder the pane of fourtie schillingis (\toties quoties\) for ilk tyme they sall controvene And als~ confiscatioun of the lynt To be applyit to the puire of the parochin within the qlkis the saidis lochis and burnis lyis And be the tenno=r= heirof Geves power to the sessioun of the kirk of ilk parochin To trye cognosce & put this pn~t act to executioun And to vplift the vnlawis and to co~fische and dispone vpoun the said lynt to the weill of the pure of the parochin as said is / And ordinis Lr~es of publicatioun to pas heirvpoun in forme as efferis . [}ACT IN FAUOURIS OF HIS MAIESTEIS VASSELLIS FOR PAYMENT OF THAIR BLENSHE DUETIES .}] OURE SOUERANE LORD and Estaittis of this pn~t parliame~t Remembering the great fauour schawin and borne be his hienes and his predecessouris To the nobill men barones and vtheris subiectis of this realme and +tair predecessouris for thair notable and memorable factis and services done to his ma=tie= and his predicessouris In defence and weilfair of the realme In making and granting to thame of heretable Infeftmentis of thair landis baroneis lordschippis Castellis touris fortalices woddis mylnis salmondfischeingis offices and vtheris thairin contenit Haldin of oure said souerane lord and his predecessouris in frie blenche ferme for Payme~t of certane blenche ferme dueteis expressit in thair Infeftmentis no=t= as ony burding or +geirlie duetie bot be way of acknawlegeing and recognoscence

/ gif the sami~ dueteis beis requirit alanerlie / And that no=t=withstanding +tairof within thir lait and few +geiris the saidis noblemen barones and vtheris oure souerane lordis liegis and subiectis quha haldis thair landis and vtheris foirsaidis of oure said souerane lord in frie blenshe Ar +geirlie without ony Just cause burdenit vrgeit and compellit be charges to mak payment in his hienes chekker of certane sowmes of money As for the prices and valo=r= of the saidis blenshe dueteis Thair being na sic sowmes of money nor prices co~tenit in thair saidis Infeftmentis ffor remede quhairof oure souerane lord with advyse of the saidis estaittis ffindis decernis and declaris That the noblemen barones and vtheris liegis and subiectis quha haldis thair landis and vtheris foirsaidis of his ma=tie= in blensheferme Ar onlie Justlie addebtit in payment of the blenshe dueteis expressit and sett doun in thair Infeftme~tis gif the samyn be requirit alanerlie And that they aucht nawayes tobe burdenit trublit or chargeit for sowmes of money as prices for the saidis blenshe dueteis And that no=t=withstanding quhatsumeuir act or ordinance maid be the lordis of his hienes chekker / or vtheris actis or ordina~ces quhatsumeuir of quhatsumeuir +geiris bigane or tocum To the qlkis this pn~t act sall mak and makis full derogatioun / And thaireftir s~=r= Thomas ha~myltoun of monkland kny=t= aduocat to o=r= souerane lord in pn~s of the saidis Estaittis protestit in his hienes name That the blenche dueteis and spaces thairof Contenit in the foirsaidis Infeftmentis be co~forme to the kingis maiestie and his successouris estaite and dignitie And +tairvpoun the said Lord aduocat askit Instrume~tis [}ACT ANENT SAISINGIS TO BE GEVIN ON PRECEPTIS OF +TE CHANCELLARIE}] OURE SOUERANE LORD and Estaittis of this pn~t parliame~t Ratefeis and appreves the act maid of befoir be king James the fyft of gude memorie quhairby it was statute and ordanit that all seasingis gewin be vertue of ony preceptis direct furth of the Chancellarie Suld be gewin be the schireffs of the schires baillie or stewart quhair the landis lyis thair deputtis and clerk As in the said act of the date The Tent day of december The +geir of god J=m= v=c= fourtie +geiris at mair lenth is co~tenit In all & sindrie Pointis heidis articlis clauss~ and conditionis of the sami~ Safar as the sami~ extendis or may be Extendit To seasingis past vpoun Preceptis direct furth of the chancellarie vpoun Retouris alanerlie And the saidis Estaittis of p~liament decernis and declaris the sami~ act maid be king James the fyft of the date abonewrittin To haue been onlie maid for sic seasingis as ar gewin be vertue of preceptis that pass~ vpoun Retouris and to nane vtheris seasingis direct vpoun ony vther precept direct furth of the chancellarie

[}ACT IN FAUOURIS OF THE BURROWIS REGALL .}] OURE SOUERANE LORD and Estaittis of parliament Ratefeis apprevis and confermes all actis of parliament and lawes with all fredomes privileges Immuniteis & liberteis grantit to the burghis regall within this Realme be oure souerane lord or ony of his hienes predecessouris at ony tyme of befoir And decernis and declaris the saidis burrowis and euerie ane of thame to haue gude richt to bruik thair saidis privileges & liberteis As they wer wount to do of befoir . [}ACT FOR STAYING OF ALL VNLAUCHFULL CO~VENTIONIS W=T=IN BURGH AND FOR ASSISTING OF THE MAGISTRATTIS IN THE EXECUTIOUN OF THAIR OFFICES .}] OURE SOUERANE LORD and Estaittis of this pn~t parliament Ratefeis and appreves all and quhatsumeuir actis maid heirtofoir be his maiestie and his hienes progenito=r=~ and the Estaittis of the Realme for staying of all tumultis and vnlauchfull meitingis and convocationis w=th=in bur=t= And ordinis the sami~ to haue effect and to be put to dew executioun aganis the controvenaris +tairof in all pointis with this additioun that na persone nor persones within burgh of quhatsumeuir rank qualitie or conditioun they be of / presume or tak vpoun hand fra this furth vnder quhatsumeuir collo=r= or pretext To convocat or assemble thame selffis togidder at ony occasioun Except they mak dew Intimatioun of the lauchfull Causs~ of thair meittingis To the provest and bailleis of that bur=t= / and obtene thair licence +tairto / Sua that nathing be done or attemptit be thame in thair saidis meitingis qlkis may tend to the derogatioun or violatioun of the actis of p~liame~t Lawis and co~stitutionis maid for +te weill and quietnes of the saidis burghis Declaring be thir pn~tis the saidis vnlauchfull meittingis and the persones pn~t thairat To be factious and seditious and all procedingis +tairin to be null & of nane availl And the saidis persones to be pvnischit in thair bodeis gudis and geir w=t= all rigour conforme to the lawes of this realme And to the effect the saidis vnlauchfull meitingis with all vtheris tumultis trublances and pleyis that salhappin to fall out within the saidis burrowes may be substantiouslie suppressit Ordanis the haill inhabitantis of the saidis burrowes at all occasiones To reddelie assist and concur w=t= the magistratis and officiaris +tairof for satling of the saidis tumultis & trublances And pvnischeing of the authouris and movearis +tairof And sic as sall no=t= Assist and co~cur with the saidis magistratis redelie / or thair officiaris for redding and satling of the saidis tumultis and trublances as said is Sall be repute & haldin as fosteraris and mantenaris of the saidis tumultis and pvnischit +t~foir in thair persones and vnlawit in thair guidis at the

arbitrime~t of the Magistrattis and Counsaill of the said burgh And ordinis publicatioun to be maid heirof at the marcat croces of the saidis burrowes that nane pn~d Ignorance +tairof [}ANENT THE KEIPING OF THE KINGIS HOUSS~ .}] OURE SOUERANE LORD and Estaittis of this pn~t parliame~t haveand ane speciall Regaird to the mantenance and vphalding of his hienes castellis pallaceis and houss~ As the sami~ hes bene keipit and mantened thir mony +geiris bigane Decernis and declaris that the haill fruittis and rentis assignit grantit and disponit for costis and charges of the Mantenance and keiping of the saidis castellis pallaces and houss~ Sall remane with thame in all tyme cu~mi~g no=t=w=t=standing quhatsumeuir act or statute maid in this pn~t parliament ather speciall or generall qlkis may be hurtfull or prejudiciall to the saidis fruittis and rentis assignit to the effect foirsaid in onywayes [}ACT ANENT THE TAXATIOUN AND COLLECTING +TAIROF}] FORSAMEKILL As the Estaittis convenit in this pn~t parliame~t vpoun gude and weichtie considerationis moveing thame hes frelie and voluntarlie offerrit and grantit to the kingis maist excellent ma=tie= oure souerane lord for releif And payme~t of his hienes debtis and reparatioun of his maiesteis houss~ Ane Taxatioun to be payit collectit and vpliftit in maner and at the four termes following That is to say ffor the barones and friehalderis pairtis of the samyn Taxatioun Tuentie schillingis money to be vpliftit of euerie pund land of auld extent within this Realme perteni~g to erlis lordis barones frehalderis and fewaris of o=r= souerane lordis propir landis haldin be thame Immediatlie of his ma=tie= / and payit at euerie ane of the four seuerall termes eftirspecefeit That is to say Tuentie schillingis at the first day of februar nixtocum in the +geir of god J=m= vj=c= and sewin +geiris Tuentie schillingis at the first day of februar In the +geir of god J=m= vj=c= and aucht +geiris Tuentie schillingis at the first day of februar in the +geir of god J=m= vj=c= and nyne +geiris / and tuentie schillingis at the first day of februar in the +geir of god J=m= vj=c= and ten +geiris And for the spirituall men and the burrowis pairt of the same taxatioun That thair sall be vpliftit of euerie Archibischoprik bischoprik abbacie priorie and vther inferio=r= benefice and of euerie frie burgh within this realme at euerie ane of the saidis four tymes of payme~t The Just taxa=o=un of the sami~ and as the sami~ haue bene accustomit to be taxat vnto in all tymes bigane quhansoeuir the temporall landis of this realme wer stentit to tuentie schillingis the poundland of auld extent and the samyn taxatioun to be payit at euerie ane of the four seuerall termes abonespecefeit And for Inbringing of the barones

& friehalderis pairtis of the sami~ Taxatioun and of the fewaris and rentalleris of o=r= souerane lordis propir landis pairt +tairof IT is statute & ordinit that lr~es be direct chargeing all and sindrie s~reffis stewartis and bailleis thair deputtis and clerkis / fewaris chalmerlanis & ressaueris of o=r= souerane lordis propir landis That they and ilkane of thame within the boundis of thair offices Rais~ and vplift the said sowme of tuentie schillingis money of euerie pund land of auld extent Lyand within the boundis of thair Jurisdictionis for euerie ane of the four termes payme~t abonespecefeit And Inbring and delyuer the samyn to James hay of kingask his hienes collecto=r= generall appointit for ressaveing of the samyn haill Taxatioun or to his deputtis and officiaris in his name haveand his power to ressaue +te samyn at the particular termes abonespecefeit vnder the pane of rebellioun And gif they fail+gie thairin at the bipassing of euerie ane of the sami~ t~mes To denu~ce and escheat & c~ And for thair releif that lr~es be direct chargeing all & sindrie Erlis lordis barones and frie halderis fewaris and rentalleris of o=r= souerane lordis propir landis To mak payme~t to the saidis s~reffis stewartis bailleis and thair deputtis and clerkis chalmerlanis and ressaveris of o=r= souerane lordis propir landis Ilkane of thame for thair awin propir pairtis respectiue of the said sowme of Tuentie schillingis money for euerie pund land of auld extent perteni~g to thame for euerie ane of the saidis four termes payme~t within tuentie dayes nixt eftir they be chargeit thairto vnder the pane of rebellioun & c~ And gif they fail+gie to denu~ce and escheat & c~ And gif neid beis that the saidis s~reffis bailleis stewartis thair deputtis and clerkis chalmerlanis and Ressaveris of o=r= souerane lordis propir landis poind & distren+ge thairfoir As they sall think maist expedient Provyding alwayes that the first termes payme~t of the samyn Taxatioun be euir past befoir the nixt termes payme~t be chargeit for And that the saidis Erlis lordis baronis frehalderis fewaris and Rentalleris of o=r= souerane lordis propir landis haue lr~es for thair releif to charge thair vassellis subvassellis Ladyis of terce co~iunctfearis and lyferentaris To mak payme~t of thair pairtis of the sami~ Taxatioun within Tuentie dayes eftir the charge vnder the pane of rebellioun & c~ And gif they fail+gie To denu~ce and escheat & c~ And gif neid beis to poind and distren+ge And for the spirituall me~nis pairt of the sami~ Taxatioun That lr~es be direct chargeing all & sindrie Archibischoppis bischoppis Abbottis prio=r=~ and vtheris beneficeit persones contenit in the Taxt rollis thair chalmerlanis factouris and Intrometouris with thair levingis To mak payme~t of that sowme that they and euerie ane of thame ar taxt vnto for euerie ane of the saidis four termes payme~t To the said James hay of kingask his maiesteis collecto=r= foirsaid his deputtis and officiaris in his name haveand his power to ressaue the samyn at the particular termes abonespecefeit vnder the pane of rebellioun & c~ And gif they fail+ge to

denu~ce and escheat & c~ Provyding alwayes that the first termes payment of the sami~ Taxatioun be euir past befoir the nixt termes payme~t be chargeit for And that the prelattis and beneficit persones for thair releif have lr~es chargeing thair vassellis subvassellis ladyes of terce co~iu~ctfearis Lyfrentaris fewaris takismen and pensionaris To mak payme~t of thair pairtis of the samyn Taxatioun (\pro rata\) within Tuentie dayes nixt eftir the charge vnder the pane of rebellioun & c~ And gif they fail+gie to denu~ce and escheat & c~ And gif neid beis to poind & distren+ge +tairfoir As they sall think maist expedient Alwayes declaring that the productioun of sufficient horni~gis Aganis the saidis fewaris vassellis takismen and pensionaris sall be ane releif to the saidis prelattis and beneficeit persones And sall exoner thame (\pro tanto\) fra the payme~t of the sami~ Taxatioun Provyding that the sami~ horni~gis with thair taxt rollis authentiklie Maid & subscryuit be the saidis prelattis and beneficeit persones And be thair vassellis takismen and pensionaris Conteni~g the particular sowmes that euerie ane of thame ar taxt vnto / be delyuerit to the collecto=r= of the sami~ Taxatioun within the space of fourtie dayes eftir ilk terme Vtherwayes he sall be nawayes oblist to ressaue the samyn Nather sall the prelate & beneficeit persones be exonerit be productioun of the sami~ at ony tyme thaireftir / And forder that the saidis Prelattis and vtheris beneficeit persones may haue thair releiffis of thair saidis vassellis subvassellis ladyis of terce co~iu~ctfearis lyferentaris fewaris takismen and pensionaris to thair greater ease and les~ truble to thair saidis vassellis and vtheris foirsaidis And to the effect that euerie man proportionalie May Pay his pairt of the samyn Taxatioun According to the quantitie & availl of the frie rent he hes of his landis pensionis and Teyndscheves p~teni~g to him Alsweill the prelat himself as the fewar takisman and pensionar IT is thocht expedient statute & ordanit that the saidis prelaittis sall euerie ane of thame seueralie convene his haill fewaris vassellis takismen and pensionaris at sic convenient place as he sall think meitest And cause su~mond +tame personalie or at thair duelling places to that effect / And being convenit the saidis prelattis and beneficeit persones Sall schaw to thair vassellis fewaris takkismen and pensionaris the quantitie of the said Taxatioun Imposit vpoun thame authentiklie subscryuit be [{the{] Clerk of the samyn taxatioun And they with ane consent sall distribute the samyn To be payit be euerie ma~ Alsweill be the Prelat as be the vassell fewar Takkisman and pensionar according to the great or small quantitie of his frie rent that he hes ather of his landis teyndis or pensioun with certificatioun to ony of the saidis persones fewaris vassellis takismen and pensionaris that comperis not at the day appointit to the effect foirsaid That sic as sall compeir with the said prelat and beneficeit persone / sall procede in the equall distributioun of the sami~ Taxatioun alsweill

amongis thame that ar pn~t as amongis the absentis / qlkis sall be als~ lauchfull in all respectis As gif the haill Number wer convenit And for Inbringing of the burrowes pairt of the sami~ Taxatioun That lr~es be direct chargeing +te provest and bailleis of ilk burgh To mak payme~t of the Taxt and stent +tairof To the said James hay of kingask his hienes collecto=r= generall foirsaid his deputtis and officiaris in his name haveand his power to ressaue +te sami~ at the particular termes abonespecefeit vnder the pane of rebellioun & c~ And gif they fail+gie To denu~ce and escheat & c~ And for thair releif That lr~es be direct chargeing all & sindrie Inhabitantis within ilk burgh To convene & elect certane persones to stent thair nichbouris And the said electioun being maid To charge the persones electit To accept the charge vpoun thame in setting of the said stent vpoun the Inhabita~t~ of ilk burgh And to convene & sett +te sami~ and mak ane stent roll +t~vpoun As efferis within tuentie four houris nixt eftir they be chargeit thairto vnder the pane of rebellioun & c~ And gif they fail+gie to denu~ce and escheat & c~ And siclyk the said stent roll being maid and sett as said is To charge the burgess~ nichbouris and Inhabitantis of ilk burgh To mak payme~t of thair pairtis of the said stent To the saidis p~vest & bailleis co~forme to the taxt roll to be gewin out thairvpoun within thrie dayes nixt eftir the charge vnder the pane of rebellioun & c~ And gif they fail+gie to denu~ce and escheat & c~ And gif neid beis that the saidis provest and bailleis poind and distren+gie +tairfoir As they sall think maist expedient IT is alwayes provydit that na persone quhatsumeuir be stentit or taxt within burgh Except accordi~g to the availl and quantitie of his rent leveing gudis and geir that he hes within burgh Nawayes respecting his landis and possessionis qlkis he hes to landward for the qlkis he will be oblist to pay taxatioun to vtheris officiaris Provyding alwayes that the first termes payme~t of the sami~ taxatioun be past befoir the Nixt termes pay=t= be chargeit for Attoure his hienes and the saidis Estaittis decernis and declaris that the chargeis to be gewin for payme~t of the sami~ Taxatioun sall be execute befoir the termes of payme~t abonespecefeit for euerie termes payme~t p~ticularlie be itself And that the denu~ciatioun of horni~g following thairvpoun sall no=t= be execute till the terme of payme~t be Bypast Quhilk denu~ciatioun sua following vpoun the charge gewin befoir the saidis termes of payment The saidis Estaittis decernis and declaris to be valide and sufficient Attoure his ma=tie= and the saidis Estaittis Considering the great abuse that hes bene vseit in all tymes bigane be sindrie of the liegis of this Realme aganis all gude conscience in causing thair puir fermoraris & laubourraris of thair ground / being removeable quha ar subiect in verie deir fermes paying To releif thame of the haill burding of the sami~ Taxatioun / qlk hes bene the occasioun of the Impoverisching of ane great Number of the

saidis pure lauborraris and fermoraris and bringing of thame to vtter wrak and ruyne / quhair as of Reassoun the saidis Tennentis suld be altogidder frie of the payme~t of ony taxatioun And the sami~ suld be payit be sic as hes frie rentis landis & gudis of thair awin ffor remede quhairof IT is statute & ordinit that na persoun quhatsumeuir exact or co~pell his tennentis or fermoraris removeable quha payis him ferme for his landis occupyit be thame To pay ony pairt of this pn~t taxatioun or to sute releif of the samyn at thair handis And gif the sami~ beis fundin done be ony persones That they sall be callit & convenit +tairfoir befoir his hienes Justice and his deputtis As violent and m=r=full oppressouris of his hienes subiectis and pvnischit +tairfoir According to Justice [}ACT ANENT THE GRANTING OF THE TAXATIOUN}] FORSAMEKLE as the haill Estaittis of this pn~t parliame~t no=t= onlie seis bot to thair infinite conforte by daylie experience feillis +te monyfauld blessingis redounding to thame frome thair maist gratious souerane The sinceritie of quhose intentionis richteousnes and wisdome in his actionis and zeall to religioun and Justice haveing procurit to his hienes the Indoubtit fauo=r= of god and man / hes thairwith also bred to this his natiue kingdome so perfyte peax and vniuersall prosperitie that nather +te experience of the pn~t nor memorie of ony bipast age is able to recorde ony preceding exampill quhairby ather the ordinar traffiq~ and repair of people hes bene so frielie and co~modiouslie dispersit to sa mony so far distant Nationes (qlkis heirtofoir being onlie knawin to ws by name / Ar now for the reverence and Lowe borne be all people to oure most renowned king sa fauorable patent to all oure co~merce As no people is more vniuersallie acceptable and weilcum to all nationis) or that the bowellis and haill boundis of this kingdome wer euir so happelie purged of violence enormitie and disordo=r= / And so vniuersallie blessed w=t= peace Justice and christiane policie As by the exceding cair provydent directioun and great charges of his maist excellent Ma=tie= / Is now establissit so that we want na pairt of o=r= wisched erthlie felicitie / bot the desyrit presence of his most sacrede ma=tie= / qlk to oure vnspeakable co~forte his hienes hes bene pleasit by his wyfe / humane and most kind letter direct to the estaittis gratiouslie to promeis maist willinglie to remeid by his assured repair to this cuntrey so sone as the necessar Impedimentis thairof can be removed / In consideratioun of qlk so mony so great benefittis The saidis estaittis trewlie acknawleging how Justlie they ar bundin To gif maist hartie and continuall thankis and praise to god the autho=r= of the same / and to thair sacred souerane his blessed Instrume~t +tairof And ferventlie to beseik god long to continew his foirsaidis graces with thame and

thair most gratious souerane long and happelie to Regne ouer thame And thairwith also being most willing according to thair bundin duetie to mak effectuall demonstratioun of thair most gratefull myndis to his excellent ma=tie= And to Indevoir thame selfis so to remove all Impedime~tis and ernestlie to advance all meanis & occasionis of his ma=teis= resorte to this cuntrey as may beir witnes to the world how thankfullie and dewtefullie they acknawlege and foirsie the Infinite co~moditie and contentment / qlk Indowtlie they sall ressaue be the same Albeit they be no=t= abill to offer or performe that qlk in ony degrie approches to the large proportioun of his royall bounty and fauo=r= to thame / +Git hopeing that his maiestie in his wounted gudnes will gratiouslie accept of thair most faithfull affectionis And in his princelie wisdome consider that they now onlie present thair first fruittis of that satled and peceable estait Quhilk being recentlie establessit by his maiesteis fauo=r= and providence will w=t= tyme incresce thair welth and abilitie And mak it mair neirlie to approche nor at this tyme it can to the full measure of thair most hartlie affectionis euerie way to gratifie and serue his ma=tie= Thairfoir in most humble maner The saidis haill estaittis of this Realme ernestlie beseik his maist sacred ma=tie= gratiouslie to accept this thair offer of ane Taxatioun / qlk w=t= most faithfull hairtis as ane plege and arlis of thair most loyall seruice humble obedience and vnchangeable affectioun They offer to his ma=tie= to be Imposit collectit and payit to his hienes be the saidis estaittis in maner and at the four termes following That is to say The erlis lordis and co~missionaris of schires for the temporall estaite hes grantit That thair sall be vpliftit of euerie pund land of auld extent within this realme p~teni~g to Erlis lordis barounes frehalderis and fewaris of his maiesteis propir landis the sowme of Tuentie schillingis money at euerie ane of the four termes following vi~z the sowme of tuentie schillingis at the first day of februar nixtocum in the +geir of god J=m= vj=c= and sewin +geiris The sowme of vther tue~tie schillingis at the first day of februar The +geir of god J=m= vj=c= and Aucht +geiris The sowme of vther Tuentie schillingis at the first day of februar J=m= vj=c= and nyne +geiris And the sowme of vther tuentie schillingis at the first day of februar J=m= vj=c= and Ten +geiris The Archibischoppis and abbottis for the spirituall estait hes grantit that thair sall be vpliftit of all the archibischoprikis bischoprikis Abbaceis prioreis and vtheris inferio=r= benefices w=th=in this realme at euerie ane of the four termes abonespecefeit The Just taxa=o=un +tairof And as they haue bene accustomat to be taxit vnto at all the tymes bigane quhansoeuir the temporall landis of this realme wer stentit to tuentie schillingis the pund land of auld extent And the sami~ Taxatioun to be payit at euerie ane of the four seuerall termes abonespecefeit And the co~missionaris of burrowes for thair estait hes grantit that thair sall be vpliftit of all

burrowes within this realme at euerie ane of the four termes abonewrittin The Just taxa=o=un +tairof And as they haue bene accustomit to be taxit vnto in all tymes bigane quhansoeuir the temporall landis of this realme wer stentit To tuentie schillingis the pund of auld extent And the same taxatioun to be payit at euerie ane of the four seuerall termes abonementionat And inregaird that his Maiestie hes erectit sindrie prelaceis in temporall lordschippis quhairby the awneris thairof may clame to be taxt with the barounes of the temporall estait And thairthrow his hienes will be defraudit of A great pairt of the sami~ Taxatioun Thairfoir it is statute and ordinit that all erectionis of prelaceis in temporall Lordschippis Sall in payme~t of the said Taxatioun pay To the collecto=r=~ thairof Samekill of the sami~ Taxatioun (\pro rata\) as gif they wer nawayes erectit and As they wer subiect to do befoir the erectioun of the same And siclyk it is statute & ordanit that all dissoluit benefices within this realme sall be subiect in payme~t of samekill of the sami~ Taxatioun (\pro rata\) As they wald haue bene subiect to pay Sua the sami~ had no=t= bene dissolued And forder the saidis estaittis a~nullis and discharges all privileges and Immuniteis quhatsumeuir quhairby ony p~sones May think thame selffis frie of payme~t of this pn~t Taxa=o=un (Except alanerlie the privileges grantit to the senato=r=~ and me~beris of the college of Justice) [}RATIFICATIOUN IN FAUOURIS OF THE ERLE OF DUNBAR OF THE ERLDOME OF DUNBAR AND VTHERIS LANDIS .}] OURE SOUERANE LORD Remembering the long faithfull proffitable and most acceptable seruices done to his hienes be his richt trustie weilbelouit cousing and familiar counsaillo=r= George Erle of dunbar lord home of berwick Cheif thesaurar of Scotland Chancellar of the escheker in England & c~ quha frome his tender +gouth haveing dedicate his bodie mynd and haill lyfe to his maiesteis seruice / saiftie and honourable contentme~t hes sensyne so constantlie perseverit in that honorable intentioun . That in the +geiris of his ma=teis= minoritie quhan the distractit factionis of his nobilitie and subiectis of all Rankis within the kingdome of scotland no=t= onlie trublit his royall estait Bot verie oft Indangerit his most sacred persone He keythit than so cairfull and waitchefull seruito=r= that rejecting +te pleasures quhairwith men of that age ar vsualie delytit gif no=t= ouercum And fixing his heart Eeis and solicitude vpoun the espying discovering and remedeing of his maiesteis dangeris Procurit to himself sic hatrent of his maiesteis rebellious subiectis That they cu~mi~g to his maiesteis pn~s with sic forces as culd no=t= for the tyme be resistit be the small Number of his hienes faithfull servandis being than in his grace companie They resoluit no=t= to suffer him quhais

treuth they knew to be vnchangeable frome his Maister To remane ony langer in his grace companie Bot forceit him to reteir and depairt fra Court Quhair his enemeis haveing the passages of his retreitt on all handis vnbesett for na vther querrell bot his fidelitie to his prince and maister / he hardlie escapit the danger of death And sua sone as his ma=tie= had libertie to mak chois~ of his awin servandis The said George being than callit bak be his ma=tie= to his former place of seruice / he thairin continewit so faithfullie and cairfullie that no=t= onlie within the Realme of Scotland Bot als~ in the foraine pairtis of Norway and denmark he gaif sic pruif and satisfactioun to his ma=tie= be the exceding great & monyfauld effectis of his wisdome secrecie & diligence in materis of cheif mome~t heichlie concerni~g his grace hono=r= and co~tentme~t That being thairby thocht daylie moir worthie of Imployme~tis of greater hono=r= & trust / his sufficiencie provit alwayes capable of moir weichtie charges So that thaireftir no=t= onlie in peciable & quiet tymes Bot also in the trublis aryssing by the Rebellioun of bothuell and vtheris He persevering alwayes constant in his faithfull duetie They no sonner awovit and vtterit thair dissobedie~ce to his ma=tie= Bot thairwith also professing deadlie fead and hatrent to his said trustie Counsaillo=r= / his death wes ane of the cheif buttis of thair craift and malice / Quhairfra being preservit be the providence of god for his hienes better vse alsweill in the administratioun of the office of thesaurie of the said kingdome / Quhan his ma=teis= great debt and charges forceit vtheris officiaris to renu~ce the burding and cure +tairof And in handling of the greatest and weichtiest affairis of that kingdome As in the secrete dealing intelligence and concurrence by counsaill & actioun with those quha wer most willing and habill to prepair the lauchfull and necessar menis of his Ma=teis= happie and peciable atteni~g to the possessioun of his richteous Inheretance and kingdome of the crowne of England IN CONSIDERATIOUN of thois and mony vtheris his most singular proffitable and worthie seruices done in effect to his ma=tie= sen his passing to England To the hurte of his bodie decay of his health and great danger of his lyffe . His hienes being resoluit nevir to leaf the faithfull demeritis of his long approvit servandis vnreme~berit or vnrewairdit THAIRFOIR with mature deliberatioun co~sent decrete and approbatioun of the haill Estaittis of his ma=teis= kingdome of scotland convenit in parliame~t vpoun exact tryall cleir p~batioun and be thair manifast Notorious and recent knawlege of all the premiss~ Acknawlegeing finding & declairing the sami~ to be great worthie and acceptable seruices effectuallie continewit fra tyme to tyme And to be great sene & ressonable causs~ Tending to the evident weill of his Maiesteis persone crowne & estait his subiectis and successouris of the said Realme ffor the qlk Cause his ma=tie= with co~sent of p~liame~t May dispone +te landis richt of patronages and vtheris particularlie

eftirspecefeit In maner of halding & for the +geirlie dueteis vnderwrittin Ordanis ane charto=r= to be maid vnder his hienes great seall in the mair forme Gevand grantand and heretablie dispona~d lyk as be the tenno=r= heirof vpoun certane knawlege and frie motive eftir all his hienes reuocationis generall and speciall and eftir lauchfull dissolutioun maid in parliament with consent of his hienes comptroller collecto=r= generall & thesaurar of the New Augmentationis and remane~t officiaris of estait And s~=r= Johne Arnote of berswik knycht his grace thesaurar depute in place of the said erle being now thesaurar prin=ll= himself Gevis grantis heretablie disponis and perpetualie confermis To his said richt trustie and weilbelouit cousing and familiar counsaillo=r= George erle of dunbar lord home of beruick & c~ his airis & ass~nais All and haill the landis and baronie of Greinlaw reidpeth Comprehending the landis & baronie of grenlaw Toure maner place houss~ co~moun mures Mylnis multuris a~nexis co~nexis aduocatioun donatioun & richt of patronage of the personage & vicarage of the paroch kirk of the parochin of greinlaw The landis of brvmehill and blaissinbraid with all thair pertinentis The landis of Grenlawdene w=t= the myln +tairof mylnlandis manerplace and astrict multuris of quhatsoeuir landis vseit & wont to grind thair cornes at the said myln The landis of polkehauch and blassinbraid alias blassinberrie The landis of Tennendry eist feild quhytsyd / Markis worth clay dub and all +tair pertinentis The kirklandis of greinlaw All and haill the burgh and towne of grenelaw w=t= all privileges and liberteis thairof Contenit in the said Erle his former infeftment of the sami~ The landis of horsley w=t= the haill teyndis +tairof includit The landis of grenewod w=t= the teyndis +tairof includit And the landis of deringtoun w=t= the teyndis includit All lyand within the s~refdome of berwick vnitit and incorporat of befoir in the said baronie of grenlaw reidpeth . All and haill the tennendrie of crumstane Comprehending the landis & ground quhairone the Castell of dunbar is situat The foirthis castell steid and haill precinct +tairof with houss~ +gairdis and peices of land vseit and wont to p~tene to the said Castell The landis and boundis of the great loch of dunbar The landis of brovmepairk w=t= medowes & hors~wardis The lynkis and cunnynger of eistbairnis and all p~tinentis belanging of auld to the lordschip and baronie of dunbar / Alsua all and haill the landis of Rewlismaynis Sampsones wallis crvmestane with the myln +tairof The landis and akeris besyd and within the towne of duns~ with the cottages +tairof The landis of Newtoun quhitsum / twa husband landis in hiltoun and landis callit prestoun waris with all thair pairtis pendiclis a~nexis co~nexis dependencis and pertinentis lyand in the said s~refdome of berwick Togidder w=t= aduocatioun donatioun and richt of patronage of the benefices and chaplanries following vi~z The denrie of dunbar including the personage and vicarage of the parochin

of quhittingem The archiprestrie or vicarage of dunbar including all the kirklandis and teyndis vseit & wont of all & haill the parochin of dunbar The prebendarie of duns~ including personage & vicarage of the haill parochin of duns~ The prebendarie of chirnesyd including personage & vicarage of the haill parochin of chirnesyde The prebendareis chanonreis or personages of dunbar pincartoun Beltoun & pitcokis The chaplanreis callit the saull preistis and all vtheris chaplanreis fundit of auld within the college a~nexit thairto with the co~mones or co~mountie teyndis depending vpoun the +geirlie fruittis & co~moditeis of the foirsaidis as proper p~tinentis of the samyn all vnitit and incorporat in the foirsaid tennendrie of crumstane And forder o=r= souerane lord with advyse consent approbatioun and decrete abonewrittin Gevis grantis and disponis to the said George erle of dunbar and his foirsaidis all & haill the landis towne & baronie of fowlden~ with tour fortalice manerplace +gairdis mylnis mylnlandis multuris tennentis tenandreis seruice of frie tennentis pairtis pendiclis dependences and all thair pertinentis with the richt of patronage aduocatioun donatioun of the personage & vicarage of the kirk of fowlden~ As alsua all and haill the landis towne and baronie of Edingtoun with fortalice manerplace houss~ orchard~ +gairdis The maynis mylnis mylnlandis multuris & pertinentis +tairof Comprehending alsua the la~d~ of clarebald Reidheuch ane housband land in the towne and territorie of hutton Ane husband land in the towne and maynis of duns~ with tennentis tenandreis seruice of frie tennentis and all thair pertinentis vnitit and incorporatit in the foirsaid baronie of Ethingtoun all lyand in the said s~refdome of bervick / And als~ all & haill the heretable office of the keiping captanrie and constabularie of the castell of Sanctandrous~ houss~ +gairdis +tairof with privileges liberteis and pertine~tis thairof quhatsumeuir vseit and wont Lyand in the citie of sanctandrous within the s~refdome of ffyf with power to the said Erle and his airis To mak creat and co~stitute capitanes keiparis and all vtheris officiaris necessar for the custodie of the said castell Togidder w=t= the +geirlie feall of sextene chalderis victuall half quheat half beir gude and sufficient stuf +geirlie to be vpliftit at the termes of payme~t vseit and wont furth of the reddiest fermes and rentis of the land~ of west barnis rig and fluris lyand in the lordschip of dunbar w=th=in the s~refdome of Edinburgh and constabularie of hadingtoun Quhilkis haill landis baroneis castellis townis mylnis & v+t~is particularlie afoirme~tionat Pertenit heretablie of befoir To the said George erle of dunbar with the richt of the patronage of the benefices abonewrittin haldin be him Immediatlie of oure souerane lord And qlkis wer purelie and simpl~ir resignit be him and his p~cuto=r=~ in his name AT quhythall in his ma=teis= handis with all richt titill & c~ Lyk as the said castell of Sanctandrous wes resignit frelie at Quhythall be George now archibischope

of sanctandrous his p~cuto=r=~ and patent lr~es in his grace handis w=t= all richt titill & c~ ATTOURE oure Souerane Lord in consideratioun and remembrance of the faithfull seruices abone rehersit beand great sene & wechtie cause of the preservatioun and weill of his ma=teis= royall p~sone crowne and estait evident co~moditie of his successouris and lieges of the said realme with mature delyuerance advyse and decrete of the saidis haill estaittis of parliame~t as said is And alsua w=t= co~sent of his hienes comptroller / collecto=r= gn~all / thesaurar of the new augme~tationis and remane~t officiaris of estait and s~=r= Johne arnote thesaurar depute In place of the said Erle now cheif thesaurar Hes of new gevin grantit In fewferme lattin heretablie disponit and confermit for euir Lyk as be the tenno=r= of this charto=r= gevis grantis and in fewferme lattis heretablie disponis and perpetualie confermis To his said trustie cousing and weilbelouit counsaillo=r= George erle of dunbar his airis and assignais All and haill The foirsaidis landis and baronie of grenelaw Reidpeth containi~g +te saidis landis and baronie of grenelaw tour manerplace houss~ co~moun mures Mylnis multuris a~nexis co~nexis and richt of patronage of the personage & vicarage of the said parochin of grenlaw The landis of brovmhill and blassinbraid with all thair pertinentis / The landis of grenelawdene with the myln +tairof and astrict multuris abonespecefeit The landis of polkehauch and blassinbraid alias blassinberrie Tennendrie eistfeild quhytesyd / merkis worth cleidene and all thair pertinentis The kirklandis of grenelaw All and haill burgh and towne of grenelaw with all privileges +tairof The landis of horsley grenewod & deringtoun with the haill teyndis of the sami~ includit as said is All and haill the said tennendries of crvmstane conteni~g the landis Ground foirth precinct and castell steid of the Castell of dunbar with all thair p~tine~tis The landis and boundis of the great loch brovmepark medowes and horswairdes The cu~nynger & lynx of eist bairnis with dowcat and all thair pertinentis The saidis landis of Rewlismaynis sampsoniswallis crumstane and myln +tairof The landis and akeris besyd and within the said towne of duns~ with the cottages thairof The haill towne & landis of Newtoun quhytsum with tenentis and tenendreis +tairof Twa husband landis in hiltoun and prestoun wairis with all pairtis pendiclis and pertinentis +tairof with aduocatioun dona=o=un and richt of patronage of the denrie of dunbar / The archiprestrie of dunbar The chanonreis and prebendareis of duns~ Chirnesyd / dunbar / pynkertoun spott beltoun and pitcokis The chaplanreis callit the Saullpristis and all vtheris chaplanreis foundit or a~nexit of auld To the said college of dunbar Togidder with the prebendarie of the parochin of lyntoun including personage and vicarage +tairof a~nexit and foundit of auld within the sami~ college kirk of dunbar with the saidis co~monis and co~mountie Teyndis Perteni~g and depending vpoun the +geirlie rentis of the saidis

kirkis as propir pertinentis of the samyn / And siclyk all and haill the landis of lochend with medowes and pertinentis +tairof The haill towne & landis of mekill and litill pynkertownes Quhytrig and burt with tennent tennendreis and all thair pertinentis Perteni~g to oure Souerane lord being p~tis of his hienes a~nexit propirtie & patrimonie of the Crowne All and haill the saidis land~ towne and baronie of fouldene with mylnis mylnlandis a~nexis co~nexis and all thair pertinentis with the richt of the patronage of the personage and vicarage of the said paroch kirk of fouldene All and haill the saidis landis towne & baronie of Edingtoun with the Maynis mylnis and +te speciall landis abonewrittin vnitit and a~nexit +tairto of befoir with thair pertinentis / The said heretable office of capitanrie and custodie of the said castell of sanctandrous with the said +geirlie feall of sextene chalderis quheat & beir To be vpliftit in maner abonespecefeit / And finalie all and haill the landis and maynis of fastcastell or wester Lu~misden dowlaw dudoholme alias cauldsyd auldtoun / newtoun with the myln Multouris fischeingis and haill teyndis +tairof includit with the castell and manerplace of fastcastell and all thair pertinentis All and haill the landis of flemingtoun callit the Natherayton / Reidhall Natherbyre Brovnisland and gvnisgrene with the corne and walkmylnis Mylnlandis multuris pairtis pendiclis and all thair pertinentis with the haill teyndis +tairof includit The landis of fernysyd and teyndis thairof includit All and haill the landis of lamertoun / with mylnis pairtis pendiclis and pertinentis +tairof with the haill teyndis of the same includit / all lyand within the baronie of coldinghame and s~refdome of Berwick vacand now and become in his ma=teis= handis at his gift donatioun and dispositioun be vertue of actis of a~nexatioun of the temporalitie and kirklandis of the priorie of coldinghame to the crowne be actis of p~liame~t haldin in the +geiris of god 1587 or 1592 or be quhatsumeuir vtheris actis and constitutionis of the said kingdome of Scotland quhairby the saidis kirklandis of fastcastell flemyngtoun fernysyd and Lamertoun or teyndis +tairof Ar fallin and pertenis onywayes to his hienes be q=t=sumeuir richt titill and occasioun bigane MAIROUER OURE SOUERANE LORD of certane knawlege with advyse consent decrete and approbatioun of parliame~t abonewrittin Geves grantis and disponis To the said George erle of dunbar and his foirsaidis all richt titill interes clame of ry=t= petito=r= & possesso=r= baith propirtie and possessioun / qlk his ma=tie= his predecessouris & successouris euir had hes or onywayes may haue clame and pretend To all & sindrie the saidis landis Townes baroneis castellis mylnis woddis fischeingis teyndis tennentis tenandreis richt of patronage of all benefices personages vicarages chanonreis prebendareis chaplanreis and all vther afoir descryvit with all thair pertinentis / or till ony pairt or portioun of the sami~ Maillis fermes rentis proffeittis and dueteis of quhatsumeuir +geiris and

termes bipast Be ressone of waird releif nonentres~ escheatis foirfaltouris recognitionis purpresturis # disclamationis bastardreis reductionis of Infeftmentis seasingis retouris alienatioun of the haill or maist pairt or Be vertue of quhatsumeuir actis of p~liament lawes and constitutionis of the realmes for wanting of originall and vtheris evidentis Infeftmentis & securiteis or no=t= co~firmatioun in dew tyme / or for no=t= payme~t of the byrun maillis fewfermes and dueteis diminutioun of the rentall / or be aliena=o=un alteratioun and changeing of the haldingis no=t= obteni~g +te pn~t titularis co~sentis to this infeftme~t of donatioun of the saidis benefices or be ony vtheris lawes actis proclamationis and constitutionis of this realme or for ony vtheris causs~ actionis and occasiones bipast preceding the day and date heirof Renu~ceand quitclameand and Transferand the sami~ w=t= all actioun and instance thairof To and in fauo=r=~ of the said Erle and his airis for euir (\Cum pacto de no~ petendo\) & c~ with suppleme~t of all faultis & c~ Promesing in the word of a prince for his ma=tie= and his successouris nevir to move actioun questioun nor pley aganis thame +tairane~t / And also his ma=tie= of certane knawlege and frie motive vpoun his royall authoritie and princelie pover with co~sent and decrete of p~liame~t vnitis a~nexis erectis creatis and be +te said charto=r= for euir incorporatis all and sindrie the foirsaidis landis townes and baroneis of grenelaw reidpeth fouldene Ithingtoun pyncartounes lochend fastcastell flemyngtoun fernysyd lamertioun / the tenendrie of Crumstane The castell of sanctand~ w=t= the fie +tairof vtheris castellis manerplaces landis maynis mylnis Mylnlandis Multuris fischingis medowis loches lynkis and all thair p~tinentis and +tair teyndis includit Togidder with the richtis of patronages of all personages vicarages chanonreis prebendareis chaplanreis and vtheris quhatsoeuir generalie and specialie abonerehersit with all thair p~tinentis tennent~ Tennendreis pendiclis and dependences In ane haill and frie erldome Lordschip of p~liament and frie baronie To be callit in all tyme cu~mi~g The erldome lordschip baronie of dunbar And that ane seasing now to be tane be the said erle and be his airis heireftir at the auld mano=r= of fouldene Sall stand and be sufficient for all and sindrie the foirnameit landis baroneis townes / castellis mylnis fischeingis a~nexis co~nexis pairtis & pendiclis with the Teyndis +tairof includit Aduocatioun donatioun and richtis of patronages of the foirsaidis kirkis prebendareis and vtheris respectiue abone expremit No=t=withstanding +te sami~ lyis no=t= togidder nor contigue bot in seuerall pairtis & s~refdomes Als~ frelie amplie and largelie in all respectis comoditeis liberteis and privileges quhatsoeuir As ony Erle / lord of p~liame~t and baroun haldis his landis erldome lordschip and baronie of his ma=tie= within ony his kingdomes and dominionis And specialie a~nexis the richt of aduocatioun donatioun & patronage of all the particular benefices

afoirme~tionat To the said haill landis & erldome of dunbar and to euerie pairt and portioun +tairof a~nexit +tairto (\per expressum\) as is befoir declarit TO BE HALDIN and to be had all & haill the foirsaidis landis townis and baroneis of grenlaw Reidpeth / fouldene Idingtoun pincartounes / lochend / fastcastell flemyngtoun fernysyd Lamertoun The tennendrie of crumstane The castell of sanctandrous with the feall thairof / vtheris Castellis manerplaces Maynis mylnis mylnlandis multuris fischeingis medowes loches lynx tennendis tennendreis and teyndis +tairof includit with the richtis of patronages of all personages vicarages chanonreis prebendareis benefices chaplanreis & v+t~is quhatsoeuir specialie and generalie abone expremit Togidder w=t= all privileges fredomes & co~moditeis belanging and apperteni~g +tairto now vnitit a~nexat & Incorporat in ane erldome lordschip and baronie as said is To the said George erle of dunbar his airis and assignais Off oure said sou~ane Lord and his successouris in frie heretage frie erldome Lordschip of parliame~t and frie baronie for euir be all richtis meithis merches & c~ coill coilheuchis & c~ frie Ische and entrie with fork sok sak thole theme infangtheif outfangtheif pitt and gallows tennentis tenandreis service of frie tennentis hillis valleis feildis frie forrestis vert and venisoun escheatis and amerciamentis of courtis aggreable to the lawis of forrest wrak wair waith and all vtheris liberteis fredomes privileges co~moditeis & c~ with full power to the said erle his airis and assignais To reduce all and sindrie infeftmentis richtis and titillis Maid to quhatsumeuir persones of the foirsaid erldome landis and patronages thairin co~tenit or ony pairt +tairof for ony cause ground or occasioun competent of the law And to dispone thairvpoun at thair plesure And oure Souerane lord be thir pn~tis with advyse of the saidis Estaittis of parliame~t dissoluis +te saidis landis of pynkertounes lochend and vtheris w=th=in +te Lordschip of dunbar and patronage of all the benefices and vtheris foundit to the said college thairof with the saidis landis of fastcastell flemyngtoun fernysyd and lamertoun and teyndis of the samyn and annexatioun +tairof ffra the patrimonie of the crowne in all tyme cu~mi~g As the sami~ had nevir bene a~nexit To the effect this his grace infeftment of the foirsaid~ landis and patronages may be effectuall and stand perpetualie valide to the said erle his airis and assignais GEVAND +geirlie The said George erle of dunbar his airis and ass~nais To his ma=tie= and his successouris for the saidis landis and auld baronie of grenlaw Reidpeth Towre fortalice mylnis co~moun mures and for the saidis landis of brovmehill and blassinbraid with thair pertinentis Ane reid Rose at the castell of grenlaw in the feist of sanct Jo=n= the baptistes birth day in name of blenche ferme gif it be askit onlie And for the richt of patronage of the said personage and vicarage of grenelaw ane quheat rose at the said Castell the sami~ feist day in name of blenche ferme gif it be requirit onlie ffor the said~ landis of

Rulismaynis sampsonewallis crumstane with the myln +tairof The landis and akeris in duns~ The haill towne & landis of newtoun quhytsum The twa landis in hiltoun and prestounwaris with the said richt of patronage of the benefices chanonreis prebendareis chaplanreis co~mounteis and vtheris a~nexit and foundit within the said college kirk of dunbar Tuelf penneis scottis money on~ witsonday at crumstane in name of blenche ferme gif they be requirit onlie / ffor the saidis landis Townis and baroneis of fouldene & Idingtoun a~nexis co~nexis and all thair p~tinentis with the richt of patronage of the said kirk of fouldene Twa quheyt roiss~ ane at the said castell of fouldene and ane vther at the said castell of Idingtoun in the feist of sanct Johne the baptist in Name of blenche ferme gif they be requirit allanerlie And for the said office of keiping of the said Castell of Sanctandrous~ with the +geirlie feall abonewrittin Ane quhyte rose w=t= dew seruice in administratioun of the office of captanrie and constabularie of the said Castell at witsonday in name of blenche ferme gif it be askit onlie PAYAND also the said Erle and his foirsaidis To o=r= souerane lord his successouris and comptrolleris for the tyme for the said~ Landis of grenelawdene Manerplace myln +tairof multuris The saidis landis of polkhauch blassinbraid alias blassinberrie The landis of tenendrie of eist feild quhytsyd mark worth and claydub with all thair pertine~tis And for the said towne and burgh of grenlaw houss~ buldingis +gairdis killis barnis toftis croftis privileges and liberteis of the sami~ The sowme of fourtie sex pundis vij s~ vj d~ vsuale money of scotland with four schillingis sex pennies in Augme~tatioun of the rentall Extending in the haill to fourtie sewin pund~ scottis money at witsonday and mertymes be equall portiones in Name of fewferme alanerlie And doubling the said fewdeutie at the entrie of ilk air as vse is / And for the saidis landis forthes & castell steid of dunbar houss~ barnis +gairdis great loch medowes and +tair pertinentis Thrie pundis scottis money at the saidis twa vsuale termes And doubling the sami~ at the entrie of ilk air in name of fewferme ffor +te saidis towne & landis of mekill and litill pynkertounes burt and quhytrig w=t= thair p~tinentis fyftie pundis scottis money at the saidis twa termes of witsonday and mertymes with ten schillingis of Augmentatioun in name of fewferme And doubling the sami~ at the entrie of ilk air And for the saidis landis of lochend with thair pertinentis the sowme of fyftie thrie pundis vj s~ aucht pennies scottis money at witsonday and mertymes in name of fewferme alanerlie And for the saidis landis of brvmepark and horswardis Twa chalderis aittis with the measure vseit and wont And ane peck aittis of augmentatioun of the +geirlie rentall ffor the saidis Lynx of eistbarnis Auchtscoir cupillis of cunynges as auld duetie accustomit +tairfoir with fyve schillingis scottis in Augmentatioun of the +geirlie rentall at the termes of payme~t of fermes and cunyngis vseit and wont in Name of fewferme

alanerlie Payand lykwayes the said erle & his foirsaidis To oure souerane lord and his successouris thair thesauraris of the new augmenta=o=un and vtheris haveing richt for the tyme for the saidis kirklandis of grenlaw Thrie pundis fourtene schillingis scottis money And for the saidis landis of horsley with the teyndis includit Tuentie tua pundis / ffor the saidis landis of grenewod and teyndis +tairof includit fyftie schillingis / ffor the saidis landis of daringtoun and teyndis includit ten schillingis vsuale money foirsaid ffinalie for the saidis landis of fastcastell with all +tair pertinentis and teyndis of the sami~ includit / for the saidis landis of flemyngtoun with mylnis and all thair pertinentis and teyndis +tairof includit And for the landis of fernysyde with thair teyndis includit The sowme of threscoir pundis scottis money and for the said~ landis of Lamertoun with mylnis pendiclis & pertinentis +tairof with teyndis includit the sowme of fourtie pundis vsuale money of scotland at the saidis tua termes in the +geir witsonday & m~tymes in winter be equall portionis in name of fewferme alanerlie ffor all vtheris dueteis burdingis questionis taxes taxationis clames and wardi~g Services quhatsumeuir that may be askit or requirit Off all & sindrie the saidis townes landis baroneis castellis mylnis fischeingis teyndis a~nexis co~nexis richt of patronages and vtheris quhatsumeuir abone particularlie mentionat Comprehendit in the said vnitit erldome lordschip and baronie of dunbar or furth of ony pairt and portioun of the sami~ in all tymes cu~mi~g MAIROUER his ma=tie= and estaittis foirsaidis statutis decernis and declairis That the rentall & +geirlie duetie abonewrittin of the haill landis p~ticularlie befoir mentionat sett doun and appointit to be payit be the said George erle of dunbar and his foirsaidis / alsweill haldin of auld of his ma=tie= / and his predecessouris Immediatlie or being of his ma=teis= auld propirtie As now p~teni~g to the crowne be gn~all or speciall actis of a~nexatioun of temporall landis +tairto To his ma=tie= & his successouris thair saidis officeris chalmerlanes and vtheris haveing richt for the tyme to ressaue +te same ffor all & sindrie the landis baroneis offices mylnis fischeingis teynd~ castellis kirkis and patronages afoir specialie descryveit / To haue bene and to be the Just greatest best and maist profitable rentall qlk euir the foirnameit landis baroneis offices kirkis teyndis and patronages abone rehersit payit to his ma=tie= and his predecessouris And that the payme~t of the said rentall & +geirlie dueteis in tyme cu~mi~g Is and sall be ane sufficient rentall And sall defend and releif the said erle of dunbar and his foirsaidis of all actioun clame questioun and danger that may be pretendit vpoun diminutioun of ony former greater rentall allegeit payit +tairfoir To his ma=tie= or his grace predecessouris in ony tyme bigane Lyk as his ma=tie= for him & his successouris w=t= advyse co~sent and deliberatioun of the estaittis with certane knawlege & of thair frie motive Renu~ces and simpl~ir discharges all actioun instance richt and persute qlkis they euir

had hes or may haif aganis +tame for allegeit diminutioun of the rentall or vtherwayes / ffinalie to the effect that the said erle of dunbar & his foirsaidis may with the mair perfyte securitie Inioy and posses in all tyme cu~mi~g All & sindrie +te patronages of the kirkis benefices prebendareis and chaplanreis abonementionat Thairfoir his ma=tie= w=t= advyse & co~sent of the saidis estaitis hes desoluit and be the tenno=r= heirof expreslie desoluis the vnioun & a~nexatioun of the patronages and aduocatioun of all & sindrie +te saidis kirkis prebendareis chaplanreis and co~mounteis w=t= thair p~tinentis p~teni~g of auld To the college kirk baronie and lordschip of dunbar / and vtheris kirkis benefices and patronages thairof particularlie abonerehersit ffrome his ma=teis= crowne To the effect the sami~ may be disponit heretablie and effectualie be his ma=tie= w=t= advyse foirsaid To the said Erle and his foirsaidis in maner abonewrittin Lyk as be the tenno=r= heirof oure sou~ane Lord with advyse & deliberatioun of the Estaittis foirsaidis and vtheris officeris disponis to the said George erle of dunbar All and sindrie the saidis patronages of the kirkis benefices chaplanreis prebendareis and co~mounteis with all thair pertinentis perteni~g to the said college and Lordschip of dunbar and all vtheris kirkis benefices and patronageis thairof p~ticularlie abonewrittin Quhilk heretable dispositioun his ma=tie= and estaittis foirsaidis declaris to be now and in all tyme cu~mi~g als~ valide effectuall and sufficient to the said erle and his airis as gif the saidis kirkis and patronages thairof had nevir bene a~nexit to his ma=teis= crowne / ATTOURE oure souerane lord and estaittis foirsaid~ with expres~ Consent and Assent of George archibischop of sanctandrous personalie co~perand in p~liament Considering how necessar it is to keip vphald and interteny the castell of sanctandrous pn~tlie altogidder ruynous no=t= onlie for the decorement and weill of the cuntrey bot also for preserveing of the sami~ frome forenaris And that the Archibischop of Sanctandrous Inrespect of the great diminutioun of the rent +tairof is no=t= abill to build repair and vphald the sami~ And that it is Necessar that the said castell be in the custodie & keiping of ane noblema~ of rank and friendschip quha is hable to build repair and vphald the said castell and resist the force & violence of forineris ffor that effect his ma=tie= disponit the said castell & castell+gaird~ To the said George erle of dunbar vpoun the resignatioun of George archibischop of sanctandrous To quhome o=r= said Souerane lord hes gewin & disponit In reco~pans~ of the said castell & castell+gairdis The p~vestrie of kirkhill vicarage and archidenrie of Sanctandrous To remane w=t= the said Archibischop and his successouris in recompence as said is / And that by and atto=r= ane +geirlie pensioun of thrie hundreth m~kis gewin to the said George archibischop of Sanctandrous: Thairfoir and for the said George erle of dunbar his better securitie Oure said souerane lord & estaittis foirsaid~ with expres~ co~sent & assent of the said george archibischop personalie

co~perand in p~liame~t as said is dissoluis and dismemberis the said castell and castell+gairde frome the said Archibischoprik in all tymes cu~mi~g To the effect that the heretable richt and custodie of the sami~ may remane w=t= the said George erle of dunbar his airis & successo=r=~ in all tymes cu~mi~g / # No=t=withstanding +te sami~ [{pertenit{] of auld to the said archibischoprik and no=t=w=t=standing of quhatsumeuir provisionis and statutis and ordinances maid in fauo=r=~ of the said Archibischop ather in +tis pn~t p~liame~t or at ony tyme of befoir And oure said souerane lord and estaitis foirsaidis decernis and declaris that thir pn~tis sall be ane sufficient warrand to the keparis of his hienes signet seallis & registris to expede the foirsaid charto=r= and Infeftme~t to the said erle of dunbar of the foirsaidis haill landis patronages and vtheris abonewrittin co~forme to the tenno=r= of this pn~t act in all pointis . [}ANE ACQUITTANCE AND DISCHARGE TO THE ERLE OF DUNBAR OF THE KINGIS JEWELLIS AND GARDROB}] THE QLK DAY in pn~s of the haill estaittis of parliament Comperit personalie s~=r= Thomas ha~myltoun of monkland kny=t= aduocat to o=r= souerane lord in his hienes name p~ducit this acquittance exoneratioun and discharge vnderwrittin maid and grantit be his hienes To his trustie and weilbelouit counsaillo=r= George erle of dunbar Lord berwick thesaurar to his ma=tie= of this realme And be vertue of the co~mand gewin to the said Lord aduocat specefeit thairintill desyrit the sami~ to be Ratefeit and approvin be the saidis estaittis and to be reg~rat in the buikis of parliame~t to haue the strenth force and effect of ane act sentence & decrete of the parliame~t of scotland in all tyme cu~mi~g The qlk desyre the said~ Estaittis thocht ressonable And hes ratefeit and approvin Lykas be the tenno=r= of this pn~t act Ratefeis and appreves the said acquittance exoneratioun and discharge grantit be his hienes in fauo=r=~ of the said lord of dunbar in the haill pointis articlis & clauss~ thairof eftir the forme and tenno=r= of the sami~ berand and contenand as is vnderwrittin And decernis and ordinis the sami~ acquittance exoneratioun and discharge To be actit and Reg~rat in the saidis buikis of parliame~t To haue the strenth force & effect of ane act sentence and decrete of the said parliame~t of scotland in all tyme cu~mi~g to remane thairin (\ad futura~ rej memoriam\) Off the qlk the tenno=r= followes JAMES R . fforsamekill as vpoun the Long and assured pruif of the faithfull diligence cair and discretioun of oure richt trustie and weilbelouit cousing and counsaillo=r= The erle of dunbar maister of oure gardrobe in scotland we haue Justlie Judged him worthie of greater truste and Imployme~t in offices and seruices of hier credit and Importance Quhairin him self considering that the weiknes and infirmitie of his bodie culd no=t=

permitt him sufficientlie to discharge the burding of the saidis offices no=t=withstanding his exceding willingnes and vttermost endevores thairane~t He thairfoir humblie requesting ws gratiouslie to accept in gude pairt his maist willing dimissioun of the said office of maister of gardrobe To the effect that we making choice of sum of oure faithfull and approvit s~ruandes quha be thair health age and greater leasure micht give ws satisfactioun in the faithfull discharge of the sami~ / oure seruice suld no=t= in ony sorte be dissapointit in his defaulte Quhairby acknawlegeing that he preferrit the weill of oure seruice to ane gude pairt of his awin co~moditie and credite / And haveing at his desyre vpoun the ressonable considerationis foirsaidis Acceptit his dimissioun And thairvpoun provydit oure trustie and weilbelouit s~ruito=r= s~=r= James hay knycht gentilman of o=r= bedchalmer To the office of maister of o=r= Robbis / To quhome according to the charge of his office The said erle of dunbar hes at oure speciall directioun and co~mand delyuerit the particular Jowellis robbis and apparrell specefeit in the said s~=r= James hay his ticket of ressait of the sami~ / And becaus the said erle of dunbar hes maid particular delyuerie of the Jowellis eftirspecefeit q=r=of pairt ar layit in the toure / and sum vther pairt ar contenit in the said s~=r= James hay his note of ressait They are to say / the Jewell callit +te H / with the chane +tairof and als~ with the rubie of the samyn Item ane Jewell of gold with lr~es J . A . R . crowned joyned togidder in a knotte with a crowne ouer thame fullie furnessit with diamondis of sindrie cuttis and bignes with thrie round perlis pendant / Item ane great Ring of gold enameled sett w=t= fyve diamondis with hand in hand in the middis callit +te espousall ring of Denmark Item ane cape band of gold conteni~g tue~tie thrie peices tuelf with tua pearlis in a pece / sex w=t= Lr~es garneschit with diamondis and fyve with cinques of diamondis Item ane croce of gold sett with fyve diamondis Quhilkis being +te Jowellis of most importance and valew that wer brocht furth of that oure kingdome with us And no=t= onlie they but all vtheris oure Jowellis / precious stones / pearlis / goldsmith wark and vtheris quhatsumeuir qlkis come in the said George erle of dunbar his handis and keiping at ony tyme bigane / being all delyuerit be him furth of his handis be oure speciall directioun and co~mand Thairfoir we for ws oure airis executo=r=~ and successouris exoneris quitclames frelie simpl~ir and perpetualie discharges the said erle of dunbar his airis executo=r=~ and assignais of all & sindrie oure Jowellis particularlie abonerehersit for now and euir And by these pn~tis faithfullie promittis in the word of A prince To cause thir pn~tis be ratefeit / confermit and approvin be the Estaittis of o=r= kingdome of Scotland in the nixt ensewing sessioun of parliame~t thairof To quhome this oure pn~t directioun and co~mand sall be ane sufficient warrand for Ratificatioun of the haill premiss~ Co~manding heirby oure

trustie and weilbelouit Counsaillo=r= S=r= thomas ha~myltoun of monkland kny=t= oure aduocat To compeir in pn~s of oure co~missionar and estaitis of oure said parliame~t of Scotland / and thair in o=r= name to Present and delyuer this oure discharge to be Ratefeit by o=r= saidis estaittis and to be registrat in the Register of oure parliame~t To haue the strenth force and effect of ane act sentence and decrete +tairof in all tyme cu~mi~g In witnes q=r=of we haue signit thir pn~tis with oure hand AT Whythall the aucht day of aprile The +geir of god J=m= vj=c= and sex +geiris . [}ACT ANENT THE CHAPELL ROYALL AND EXCEPTIONIS THAIRFRA IN FAUOURIS OF THE ERLE OF DUNBAR AND LORD OF BALCLEUGH .}] OURE SOUERANE LORD being of intentioun no=t= onlie to mantene the hono=r= prerogatiue and ma=tie= of his crowne of this his native kingdome of Scotland / bot also to repair and redres~ sic thingis as ar done to the harme and preiudice of the sami~ To the effect that quhan it sall pleis god to gif his ma=tie= and his royall successouris occasioun to resorte to his said kingdome The dignitie and ancient markis of soueranitie thairof may be so inviolablie observit as may best stand with his ma=teis= hono=r= The reputatioun of the cuntrey and deserve gude reporte and estimatioun amongis strangeris / And vnderstanding that his maist nobill progenito=r=~ of happie memorie king James the fourt following the co~mendable example of v+t~is civill & vertuous princis / ffoundit ane chapell royall constitute of ane sufficient Number of persones for serveing his ma=tie= and his successouris in Musiq~ / And mortefeit doted and disponit To the said chapell royall and memberis +tairof diuers~ kirkis and rentis for thair leving and Interteneme~t q=r=of the fundatioun is now sa fer neglectit As thair is nather ony sufficie~t Number of qualefeit persones appointit for service thairin / Nather is the kirkis rentis and revenus thairof keipit in thair awin integritie according to the fundationis mortificationis dispositionis richtis & securiteis maid to the said chapell royall and memberis of the sami~ thairanent / Bot be the contrair the saidis landis kirkis teyndis patronages proffeittis and rentis Ar a~naleit dismemberit diminischit and sa mony wayes enormelie hurte That his ma=tie= and his successouris sall no=t= at thair cu~mi~g to this cuntrey almaist find ony recorde or apperance of the said fundatioun or ony monument of that Royall institutioun The inlak q=r=of will breid dirogatioun to the hono=r= of the realme / qlk onlie among all the christiane kingdomes will be +te meane vant that civill and co~mendable provisioun of ordinar Musick for recreatioun and hono=r= of thair princis FOR remede q=r=of and to the effect that be his ma=teis= exampill the subiectis of the said kingdome may be the forder encouraged To interteny thair fundationis of

Musick scholis Quhairby +gouth may be Instructit in that liberall science qlk quicknes the ingyne gevis plesant and harmeles recreatioun to all Estaitis and estaittis of persones / and is ane haly exercise agreable to the religioun and co~mandit of god for geving of thankis and prais~ to his holie ma=tie= / OURE SOUERANE LORD with advyse and co~sent of his haill estaittis of this pn~t p~liame~t Ratefeis and appreves the said fundatioun and institutioun of the foirsaid chapell royall / Insafar as co~cernis the seruice of his ma=tie= and his successouris in Musick and all vtheris thingis no=t= repugnand to the trew religioun pn~tlie professit and be the law establissit within this realme / And all landis kirkis teyndis rentis and co~moditeis quhatsumeuir mortefeit gevin and disponit to the sami~ or to ony of the memberis +tairof / And becaus it is knawin that nather the said seruice can be done vnles the persones appointit for the sami~ have thair competent intertenement and auld leving Nather can thair levingis be obtenit gif the patronage of thair benefice be takin frome his ma=tie= / and the rentis thairof frome +te said chapell and memberis of the sami~ . THAIRFOIR his ma=tie= and Estaittis foirsaidis Retreittis rescindis cass~ and a~nullis all alienationis and dispositionis of landis kirkis and patronages of the kirkis and benefices belanging or qlkis heirtofoir onywayes belangit to the said chapell royall & patrimonie +tairof and me~beres of the sami~ And all dispositionis takkis rentallis pensionis and vtheris richtis titillis & securiteis quhatsumeuir of the landis kirkis / teyndis fruittis rentis dueteis and co~moditeis thairof a~naleit disponit gewin or sett to quhatsumeuir persone in hurte and prejudice of his hienes patronage of the said chappell royall / or in diminutioun of the best and greatest rentall thairof And decernis the Indoubtit and full richt of the saidis haill Patronages of all & sindrie kirkis qlkis in onytyme bigane wer dotit or a~nexit to the said chappell / Sall now and in all tyme cu~mi~g belang and pertene to o=r= said souerane lord and his successo=r=~ And that the Maisteris and memberis of the said chappell royall alreadie establissit or heireftir to be p~vydit or establissit be o=r= souerane lord and his successouris To haue Indoubtit richt to the haill Landis kirkis teyndis Rentis proffeittis dueteis or co~moditeis qlk in ony tyme bigane belangit or Appertenit to the said chapell royall and memberis +tairof And lykwayes decernis and Ordanis that the Nullitie of the saidis alienationis dispositionis & securiteis of the saidis patronage or thair landis kirkis richtis and rentis maid to thair preiudice To ony vther Persone in maner foirsaid be ressavit be way of exceptioun or reply without ony necessitie of actioun persute or reductioun of the sami~ And that the sami~ sall no=t= nor may no=t= in ony tyme cu~mi~g be Lauchfullie possedit bot be the ordinar me~beris alanerlie of the said chapell royall being astrictit to serue his ma=tie= and his successo=r=~ in Musick and v+t~is godlie & Lauchfull exerceis agreabill to the fundatioun &

no=t= repugnant to the trew religioun pn~tlie professit within this realme no=t=w=t=standing ony richt titill or dispositioun thairof gevin or ratefeit in parliame~t or vtherwayes in contrair the premiss~ in ony tyme bigane qlkis his ma=tie= and estaittis foirsaidis declaris to haue bene fra the beginni~g and to be in all tyme cu~mi~g Null and of nane availl with all that hes followit or may follow thairvpoun As gif the sami~ had nevir bene grantit nor maid . EXCEPTAND alwayes and Reserveand the aduocatioun donatioun and richt of patronage of the kirkis of the said chapell royall qlkis wer disponit of befoir to George erle of dunbar or ar disponit to him in this pn~t p~liame~t Sua that the saidis kirkis fruittis rentis proffeittis dueteis and emolume~tis of the sami~ / The aduocatioun donatioun and richt of patronage thairof Sall nawayes be comprehendit in this pn~t act / bot sall remane w=t= the said george erle of dunbar his airis & successouris as thair heretable patronages As gif this pn~t act had nevir bene maid and no=t=w=t=standing +te sami~ and all vtheris actis and statutis maid of befoir and in this pn~t p~liame~t ffrome the qlkis the saidis patronages is and sall be exceptit AND ALS' EXCEPTAND and Reserveand furth of this pn~t act and haill co~tentis thairof The takkis of the teyndis of the kirk of Sanctmarie Lowis and pendiclis thairof Set to walter Lord Scott of Balcleugh / and all the takkis sett to him of all v+t~is Teyndis of quhatsumeuir kirkis p~teni~g to the said chapell Royall [}CO~MISSIOUN ANENT THE ERECTIONIS}] OURE SOUERANE LORD and Estaittis of parliame~t Considering that thair is sindrie benefices perteni~g of auld to abbottis prio=r=~ and Nu~nes erectit to sindrie persones in this pn~t p~liame~t be his hienes with advyse of the saidis estaittis In lordschippis and baroneis And als~ that the patronages of the kirkis p~teni~g to the saidis abbaceis prioreis and Nunreis ar gewin and a~nexit To the sami~ lordschippis and baroneis to the forsaidis persones As alsua that thair ar sindrie vtheris patronages of benefices gevin and disponit be his hienes w=t= advyse foirsaid in this pn~t parliament to sindrie particular persones And oure said souerane lord and estaittis foirsaid~ being maist willing That thair be ane +geirlie duetie co~tenit in euerie ane of the saidis erectionis qlk sall be payit +geirlie to his hienes and his successouris / As alsua being willing that the Ministeris serveing or that heireftir sall serue at the kirk~ of euerie p~sonage or vicarage q=r=of the patronage is now disponit in this pn~t p~liame~t to quhatsumeuir p~sone ather in thair erectionis or vtherwayes be p~vydit of sufficient stipendis And that the haill kirkis be plantit with sufficient Ministeris to serue the cure at ilk kirk / sua mony of thame as ar alreadie vnplantit . THAIRFOIR and that the premiss~ may be performit oure Souerane lord and

estaittis foirsaidis hes gewin and grantit and be this pn~t act geves & gra~tis full power and co~missioun To Johne erle of Montros~ great co~missionar alex=r= erle of dunfermeling chancellar of this realme / alexander erle of linly=t=gw George erle of dunbar the=r= dauid Lord of Scone Comptroller Mark Lord Newbuttill / M=r= Johne prestoun of pennycuk Collecto=r= gn~all S=r= thomas ha~myltoun of monkland kny=t= aduocat S=r= Johne cokburne of ormestoun kny=t= Justice clerk S=r= Richard cokburne of clerkingtoun kny=t= lord privie seall and s~=r= Johne skene of Curryhill kny=t= clerk of register or ony sex of thame the said Lord co~missionar being alwayes ane of thame To modefie decerne and declair the +geirlie duetie to be co~tenit in euerie ane of the saidis erectionis to be payit +geirlie to oure said souerane lord / and to his hienes successouris And the sami~ duetie to be insert be the Clerk of Register and his deputtis in euerie act of erectioun grantit in this pn~t p~liame~t And the saidis estait~ declaris that the +geirlie dueteis to be modefeit decernit and declarit be the saidis p~sones in maner foirsaid be vertue of this pn~t co~missioun sall be als~ valide effectuall and sufficient in the self As gif the sami~ +geirlie dueteis had bene modefeit decernit and declarit be the saidis haill estaittis and had pn~tlie bene insert and co~tenit in euerie ane of thair erectionis . And siclyk oure said souerane lord and estaittis foirsaid~ hes gevin and grantit lykas be +te tenno=r= of this pn~t act geves and grantis full power and co~missioun To the said Johne erle of montrose great co~missioner the said alexander erle of dunfermeli~g Chancellar Johne erle of wigtoun Lord flemi~g George archibischop of sanctandrous Johne bischop of glasgow dauid bischop of Ros~ James bischop of orknay S=r= Robert melvill of Murdocarny kny=t= eldar M=r= Johne prestoun of pennycuk collecto=r= generall S=r= Thomas ha~myltoun of monkland kny=t= aduocat S=r= Johne cokburne of Ormestoun kny=t= Justice clerk M=r= patrik galloway Maister James nicolsoun M=r= Andro Lamb or ony aucht of thame The said lord co~missionar or the said lord chancellar being alwayes ane To modefie decerne & declair To euerie Minister serveing / or that heireftir sall serve at euerie kirk the cure +tair +geirlie stipendis in all tymes cu~mi~g / by thair Mans~ and gleib of all thair kirkis q=r=of the patronages ar disponit be o=r= said souerane lord in this pn~t p~liame~t in the erectionis of temporall lordschippis and baroneis or v+t~wayes quhatsumeuir To the effect that the haill kirkis baith alreadie plantit and as +git vnplantit may be provydit to sufficient stipend~ in all tyme cu~mi~g And that euerie kirk may be provydit to ane Minister to serue +te cure at ilk kirk And that they haue sufficient and competent stipendis provydit to euerie ane of thame to serue the Cure in all tyme cu~mi~g as said is And oure said souerane lord & estaittis foirsaid~ discharges the clerk of Register and his deputtis of all buiking and extracting of ony actis of the saidis erectionis or ony vther act of this pn~t p~liame~t q=r=in patronages of benefices

ar disponit And als~ discharges the keiparis of the registeris and seallis To exped ony of thair said infeftmentis vnto the tyme that oure souerane lord~ +geirlie duetie And the Ministeris sufficient and competent stipend~ be first modefeit decernit and declarit be the p~sones foirsaidis Conforme to the tenno=r= of this pn~t act of co~missioun in all pointis .

[}ACT IX .}] [}ANENT GEVING OF LICIENCE TO BISCHOPES TO SETT THAIR WARDE LANDIS IN FEWFERME}] OURE SOUERANE LORD and Estaittis of parliament vnderstanding That a guid number of kirk landis pertening vnto bischoprickes and thair cheptoures ar disponit of old to be haldin be seruice of warde and releive w=che= forme of halding +geildis no present nor constant rent and Commoditie Bot is onlie a casualitie w=che= waiketh not often And quhen it waikethe / is gifted and disponit by the present titularis to thair awin particulare vse w=t=out anye benefite to thair successoures Whereas gif the said~ kirklandis wer sett in few ferme for a competent +geirlie dewtie The same wald not onlie augment and meliorat the estate off the benefice Bot also diminische the occasione of applying of kirk rentis to Particular vseis AND HIS MA'TEE out off his royall Care and Princelie dispositioun Intending the preservatioun~ of the estate Off the saidis Bischoprikes and thair Chapto=r=~ and thairfore being most eirnest to avoyde and remove this evill his Ma~tie and Estaittis Statutes and ordanis +tat It salbe Lauchfull for all bischopes and memberis of Chapto=r=~ who have Landis haldin of thame by seruice of warde and releiff To sett the same in fewferme / for payment of a competent fewferme dewtie and doubling the same at +te entrie of +te Air prowyding that +te said fewferme dewtie be ans~rable to +te retoured dewtie of the Landis And quhair +te Landis hes not bene retourit That +te retoure be rewlit according to +te Custome of retoures of landis in the cuntrey of the Lyik valoure where the saidis Landis ly And declairis that this present statute sall remayne in full force and effect for the space of thrie +geiris efter the dait heiroff onlie and no longer quhill farder ordoure be takin thairanent

[}ACT X .}] [}ACT DECLAIRING SUMMES GRASSE GEVIN TO +TE MINISTERIS FOR +T=R= GLEIBIS TO BE TEYNDFRIE}] OURE SOUERANE LORD and Estaittis of this Present Parliame~t Considdering in the fyift parliament haldin be his Ma~tie vpoun the Tuentie fyve day of Julij (\in anno\) J=m= v=c= [{three{]scoir auchtene +geiris / Cap . 62 . His hienes with aduyse and consent Off the Estaittis found and declared that +te ministeris and reidaris aucht and suld pay no teynd for thair gleibis and kirklandis extending to four aikeris of land designit vnto thame Conforme to +te act of Parliament / bot decernit and declared thame to be frie of thair saidis teindis and dischargit thame / simpliciter thairoff in all tyme Cuming Lyikas in the Parliament haldin at Perth the nynt day of Julij (\in anno\) J=m= vj=c= and sex +geiris Cap 7 . It is ordanit That thair salbe designit to the Ministeris serveing the Cure at kirkis q=r= thair is no Arable Land adiacent thairvnto The number of foure Sommes grese for everie aiker of four aikeris of glebe extending to sextene Sommes grese for the four aikeris of Land and that of +te most Commodius and best pasturage of anye kirk landis / Lying nixt adiacent and most ewest to +te kirk / And Ordanit Lr~es to be directed for the removeing the possessoures therefrome / In suche lyik forme as aganis +te possessoures of manss~ and glebis . And in respect That +te Ministeris gleibis ar teynd frie and that by Consequence The soumes grese abonementionat designit in sted thairof quhair no arable Land is adiacent vnto kirkis aucht Lyikwayis of all equitie and reasoun to be teyndfrie In respect +te same is dedicated and appoyntit (\ad Pios vsus\) HEIRFORE Oure said souerane lord with aduyse and Consent Of the whole Estaittis of this present Parliament by the tenno=r= heiroff declairis That +te ministeris and reidaris aucht and suld pay no teynd for thair soumes grese designit vnto +tame in place of thair glebe quhair no arable Landis ar adiacent to kirkis And decernis and declairis thame to be frie of thair teyndis and dischargis +tame simpl~r of all payment +tairoff in all tyme cu~ing [}ACT XI .}] [}RATIFICATIOUN AND ADDITIOUN TO THE ACT OF PARLIAMENT MADE ANENT RESTITUTIOUN OF CHEPTOURES}] OURE SOUERANE LORD and estaittis of this present parliament Ratiefies and approvis the act of parliament made in the monethe of Junij the +geir of god J=m= sex hundereth and sevintene +geiris Anent restitutioun of Cheptoures of Cathedrall

kirkis in all +te heiddis clauss~ exceptiounes Limitatiounes and restrictiounes thairoff And farder Ordanis and declairis that all deiddis done sence the date of the said act Or to be done heirefter whereby any member of anye Cathedrall kirk being ane office of dignitie hathe or salbe supprest or ony Land personage viccarage or vther leving belonging to +te said dignitie dissolued frome the same without ane expres warrand frome his maiestie and Consent of Parliament Ar and salbe with all that have followed or sall follow +t=r=vpoun null and of na force nor effect and salbe so fund in all tyme heirefter be way of Actioun exceptioun or reply Prowyding alwayes the merques of hammiltoun his right to +te personage of hammiltoun and dalserff . The Earle of mar his Right to +te personage off Carnewathe and anye vther persone haveing Lauchfull rightis Conforme to the Lawes of the Cuntrey before +te act of Parliament in anno ane thousand sex hundereth and sevintene +geiris be nowayes hurt or preiudgit heirin . [}ACT XII .}] [}ANENT PACKEING AND PEELING .}] FORASMUCHE as by dyuers actis of parliament It is Statute and ordanit That no persone vse paking nor peeling of woll hyiddis nor skynnes Los~ nor Layde outwithe free borrowes and priuiledgis of the same nochtw=t=standing quhairoff dyuers~ strangeris and vtheris inhabitantis w=t=in this realme do Continewallie resorte to the yles and v+ter places thairabout with thair schippes barkis and crearis and vtheris veschellis And do not onlie pack and peell skynnes and hyiddis bot also do transport frome thence butter Talloun and vther forbiddin guidis to the gryit Contempt Off the saidis Lawes In manifest defraud of oure souerane Lord his Customes . FOR REMEID quhairoff Oure souerane lord with aduise and Consent of the Estaittis of the present Parliament Statutes and Ordanis That no strangeris nor Inhabitantis within this realme tak vpoun hand to pak or peell anye hyiddis or skynnes in the saidis places Off the yles outwithe the free borrowes nor that +tai transport tak away or Carye furthe off this Cuntrey / anye butter talloun / or vther foirbiddin guidis vnder payne of tynsell and confiscatioun of the hyddes and skynnes so packed and peeled by thame and of tynsell and Confiscatioun of the schipe and whole guidis that the awner of the saidis foirbiddin guidis hath w=t=in the same AND ORDANIS the schirreffis of the schyres and thair deputties and overlordis off +te Landis where the saidis skynnes and hyiddis ar packit and peeled Or frome whence the saidis forebidden guidis ar transported to put this pn~t act to executioun As they will ans~=r= vnto his Maiestie vpoun +t=r= office and obedience .

[}ACT XIII .}] [}ANENT THE DISCHARGEING OF PROTECTIOUNIS}] OURE SOUERANE LORD and Estaittis of Parliament Vnderstanding That +tair may sindrie protexiounes be socht by bankruptis and vtheris who ar addettit in gryit soumes of money Q=r=by the executioun dew vnto the Credito=r= by the Lawes of the Cuntrey aganis the detto=r= may be frustrat to the gryit damnadge of the credito=r= FOR REMEID quhairoff IT IS Statute and ordaned That heirefter the Lordis of Sessioun sall grant no Protectioun~ frome anye executioun dew and Competent aganes any man of +te Law AND declairis That gif anye salbe heirefter grantit The granter of the same salbe subiect and Lyable Off the law to the credito=r= for the sowme frome the w=che= he hath grantit protexioun . [}ACT XIIII .}] [}ANENT PLAYING AT CARDES AND DYCE AND HORSE RACES}] OURE SOUERANE LORD and Estaittis of Parliament Considdering the monyfold evillis and inconvenientis w=che= ensew vpoun Carding and dyceing / and horse races W=che= ar now over muche frequented in this Cuntrey to +te gryit preiudice Off the Liegis / And becaus honest men ought not expect that anye wynning hade at anye of +te games abonew~tin can do +tame guid or prosper Haue +tairfore statute and ordaned That no man sall play at Cairdes nor dyce in any Commoun hous toun ostlarye or kuikis houss~ vnder the payne off fourtie pundis money off this realme To be exacted Off the keiper of the saidis Innes and Commoun houss~ / for the first fault and Los~ of thair Liberties for the nixt Mairouer that it sall not be lawfull to play in onye vther private manis house bot quhair the maister of the famielie playes him selff And giff It salhappin anye man~ to win anye sowmes of money at Carding Or dyceing Attoure the soume of ane hundereth merkis within the space of Tuentie four houres Or to gayne at waigeris vpone hors~ Races anye soume attoure the said soume of ane hundereth merkis The superplus salbe Consignit within tuentie four houres +tairefter in the handis of the thesaurer for the kirk if it be in edinburgh Or in the handis of suche of the kirk sessioun in the Cuntrey parochines as Collectis and distributis money for +te Poore of the same . To be employed alwayis vpoun the pure of the paroche Quhair suche wynning sall happin to fall out And to +te effect that ather exces~ in playe may be thus restrayned Or at the leist that excessive winning may

be employed as said is OURE SOUERANE LORD by actis of his supreme Court of parliament gevis full power and Commissioun to the bail+geis and magistrattis of borrowes The schirreffis and Justices of peax in the Cuntrie To persew and Convene all suche persounes for all wynning at Cardes or dyce and hors~ races w=che= salhappin to be made by any persoun by and attoure the said soume of ane hundereth merkis money foirsaid And incace the magistrat informed +tairoff refuis to persew for the same The pairtie Informer sall have actioun aganis the said Magistrat for double of +te lyik soume the ane half q=r=of to be gevin to +te pure and the vther halff to +te pairtie informer . [}ACT XV .}] [}ACT DECLAIRING ALL TAKIS SET FOR LONGER SPACE NOR THRIE +GEIRIS WITHOUT CONSENT OF THE PATRONE BE PERSONES VNDER THE DEGRIE OF PRELATTIS / SINCE 1594 TO BE NULL:}] OURE SOUERANE LORD and the Estaittis of this present Parliament Vnderstanding that dyuers~ beneficed persounes vnder the degrie of prelattis / haue takin occasioun vpoun the act made in o=r= late parliament holden at Edinburgh The tuentie aucht day of Junij ane thousand sex hundereth and sevintene +geiris / Intitulated / Anent the setting of Takis by prelattis and vtheris beneficed persounes To sett takis and assedatiounes of the landis and teindis of thair saidis benefices Or sum pairtes and portiounes thairoff vnto dyuers~ and sindrie persounes for the said beneficed persoun his Lyifetyme and for the space off fyve +geiris efter his deceis without Consent of +te patrone albeit +te said act of parliament geveth no suche Libertie to anye beneficed persounes vnder the degree of a prelate To sett suche takis bot onlie declaireth for quhat spaces A Bischope or v+ter prelate may sett and for quhat spaces a beneficed man vnder the degree of a prelate may sett / w=che= wes done by the Estaittis To restrict the vnbounded Libertie vseit in setting off Takkis for many lyvefrentis and nyntene +geiris and the said declaratioun nowayes taketh away The Lauchfull solemnities required to the setting of the saidis tackis ather by Consent Off the Cheptoure or patrone w=che= still remaynethe in the owen force vnderogate vtherwayis It suld be Lauchfull for a prelate To sett tackes for nynetene +geiris w=t=out Consent of the Cheptoure w=che= is altogidder absurde . And seing by ane expres act maid in o=r= souerane Lordis fourtene parliament haldin at Edinburgh The aucht day off Junij J=m= v=c= fourscore fourtene IT IS fund and declaired That no beneficed persone vnder a prelate within this realme may in tyme +tairefter Sett Longer tackis of teyndis / Or v+ter pertinentis of thair benefice without Consent of thair patrounes bot for the space of thrie +geiris

onlie w=che= act standeth in full force strenthe and effect And is nawayis annullit nor takin awaye / by the said posterio=r= act abonespe~it THAIRFORE his Maiestye and Estaittis foirsaidis for eschewing of all Controversie that may arryse vpoun the said Last act Declairis that the said Last act Makis no dirogatioun vnto the said first act . And that all takis sett by beneficed persounes vnder the degrie of prelattis sence the said aucht day off Junij 1594 Off anye pairt of thair saidis benefices Langer nor for the space of the saidis thrie +geiris without Consent of thair Patrones ar Null and off nane availl Conforme vnto the said first act abone specified . [}ACT XVI .}] [}ANENT METTIS AND MEASURES}] OURE SOUERANE LORD and Estaittis of Parliament Considdering That by the act of Parliament haldin in Junij 1617 Thair wes a Commissioun grantit vnto certane persounes thairin nominat for appoynting and establischeing a Constant mett and measo=r= for bying and selling off victuell within this realme / w=che= Commissioneris gave out thair sentence and determinatioun declairing the measo=r= and firlote of Linlithgow to be the Just and onlie firlote qlk suld be vsed by all his Ma~ties Liegis in buying and selling of victuell Nochtw=t=standing q=r=off Thair ar manye and gryit abvses Committit in this kingdome Contrarie to the said act and determinatioun of +te saidis Commissioneris To +te preiudice of his Ma~ties Liegis FOR REMEID quhairoff his Ma~tie and Estaittis foirsaidis Hes Ratiefied and approved and be the tenno=r= heiroff Ratefies approvis and confermis The act and statute rex=ue= abonewrittin in the haill heiddis and conditiounes Of the same efter the forme and tenno=r= thairoff And Commandis and chairgis All his Ma~ties Liegis and subiectis To acknawledge embrace obey and observe the same act & statute rex=ue= in the haill heiddis and Conditiounes of the same in forme and maner speciallie and particularlie mentionat and sett doun +tairintill efter the formes and tennoures thairoff vnder all hiest payne charge and offence w=che= they may incur Throw +tair dissobedience and as they wilbe ans~=r=able +tairanent [}ACT XVII .}] [}ANENT THE DISCHARGEING OF A PECK TO THE BOLL .}] OURE SOUERANE LORD and Estaittis off Parliament vnderstanding of the fraude and frequent abvse Committed by many of his Maiesties subiectis byeris and blokeris of victuell / who knawing that thair ar constant and setled measures

laufullie establischit / by the Lawes and statutes of this kingdome by the w=che= all sortes of victuell vniuersallie ought to be bocht and solde according to the quantitie appoynted by the saidis mettis without adding of anye quantitie to the same / or diminischeing +t=r=frome +git no=t=theles when they mak +tair barganis and conditiounes anent the buying of anye particular quantitie of victuell They by thair Indirect dealing manye tymes caus the Seller aggree to superadde and delyuer vnto thame by and atto=r= the trew quantitie that is bocht and solde at the pryces convened vpoun sum certane farder quantitie off victuell les~ or mair / as they may best move the Seller to Condiscend to / And for the w=che= They ar not subiect in payment of anye pryce to the gryit preiudice of the liegis and +te manifest abvse and elusioun of the law . FOR REMEID q=r=off It is statute and ordanit That it sall not be Lauchfull for anye of his maiestyes subiectis To blok or aggrie vpoun the pryce of victuell more or les~ except +tai first aggrie and condiscend vpoun +te pryce of the first boll off the bargane w=che= being so aggreit vpone The said pryce sall reull the haill quantitie of the rest of +te bollis to be resavit by the buyer who sall have no eik nor additioun of anye farder quantitie except vpoun +te payment off that same pryce As is conditionat for the said first boll And gif anye persoun contravene this pn~t act He sall pay the soume of fourtie schillingis for everie boll of victuell ressauit by him Contrarie to the tenno=r= of this act and that by and besyid the pryces of +te victuell The halff of the said soume to his Ma~tie and his thesaurer and the v+ter halff thairoff to the pairtye dilato=r= of +te same

[}ACT XX .}] [}ACT ORDANING ANNUELRENT TO BE DEW EFTER HORNING}] OURE SOUERANE LORD and estaittis of Parliament Considdering the gryit preiudice w=che= dyuers~ of his maiesties liegis sustene by the want of +t=r= money lent and gevin furthe vpoun band or contract or vtherwayis Justlie awand to thame by thair detto=r=~ Quha haveing vseit all executioun Competent to thame by law aganis thair detto=r=~ by Chargeing and putting of thame to +te horne ar forced efter many +geiris to receave thair principall soume and penaltie without anye satisfactioun of there annuelrent and Interes of thair money in the meane tyme W=che= as it is a preiudice vnto the trew creditouris so it is ane occasioun to the detto=r=~ to coneteme his Ma~ties charges and Lr~es of horning who resolue in end to pay na mair for releif of +te horning eft~ manye +geiris delaye then they wer obleist vnto at +te begynning FOR REMEID quhairoff His Ma~tie with aduyse and consent Off the Estaittis of Parliament Statutes and ordanis that whensoeuir anye persone is denunceit rebell and put to +te horne for not payment of soumes of money awand by him be band Contract or vtherwayis That efter the said denunciatioun The said persoun so denu~cit salbe subiect in payment off annuelrent for the saidis soumes for the w=che= he is put to the horne and that off all +geiris and termes frome the date of +te said denuncia=o=n vnto +te tyme of the payment off the same and that nochtw=t=standing thair be no Pactioun nor Conditioun of a~nuelrent maid betuix the saidis pairties w=che= may bind +te said pairtie who is denuncit rebell vnto the payment +tairoff and suche persones as ar now standing rebellis and at the horne this act sall not worke aganis thame (\(Quo ad preterita)\) Bot sall have strenthe and force aganis thame in tyme cuming frome the feist of martimes nixt in this instant +geir of god J=m= vj=c= Tue~tye and ane +geiris and They sall begyne to be subiect in payment of annuelrent at that tyme and +geirlie and termelie +tairefter vntill the payment of the principall soume [}ACT XXI .}] [}ANENT SERVANDIS GOING LOWSE AND LEVING THAIR MAISTERIS SERUICE}] OURE SOUERANE LORD and Estaittes of Parliament vnderstanding the gryit streatis and necessities q=r=into the pure Laboreris of the ground ar drevin and constranit Especiallie by the fraude and malice off servandis who ather refuis to be hyired without gryit and extraordinarie waiges promeisit vnto thame or vtherwayis Hyre thameselffis

onlie frome mertimes to witsondaye efter the quhilk terme of witsonday they Cast thame lowse of purpois and intentioun to mak +tair gayne and advantage by the extraordinarie warkis w=che= befall in +tat seasone betuix witsonday and mertimes suche as Casting and wynning of Peittis turves faill dovettis building of fold dyikes scheiring in the harvest for doing q=r=off they knaw the saidis husband men who have necessarlie ado thairwithe wilbe forced to hyre thame at daylie and oulklie wages / and suche heigh raite as they pleis to the gryit harme off the Laboreris of the ground and all his Ma~ties subiectis FOR REMEID q=r=off It is statute and ordanit That it sall not be lauchfull ffor anye hyred servand frome mertimes to witsondaye to leiff his maister at the said terme of witsonday and to Rune louse in that seruice except he be hable to verefie to +te Justice of peace or Constable of +te boundis that he is hyred to ane vther m=r= frome the said feist off witsonday to martimes thairefter / And gif it be fund that he is not hyred to ane vther m=r= Then and in that cace It is declared that it salbe lauchfull vnto his present maister to keip and detene him frome the said feast of witsondaye vnto martimes for payment to him of sick wages as he payit vnto him of before And gif he refuis to serve That +te Justice of peax sall have power to Compell him thairvnto And gif the said servand off the qualitie foirsaid brek louse frome his maister It salbe lauchfull for his maister to tak and apprehend him wheresoeuir he findeth him and present him vnto +te Constable or Justice of peace vpoun +te ground q=r= he salbe fund who sall have power to Compell +te servand to returne vnto his former maister (if it be fund that he be maisterles and no vtherwayis) AND siclyk his Ma~tie and Estaittis findes and declares That it salbe Lau=ll= vnto all his Ma~ties liegis who have necessarlie ado with Laboure To tak apprehend and employe in thair warkis quhatsoeuir louse and Maisterles men~ and wemen quhome they sall find within thair awin boundis and siclyik that the Justices of Peace and Constable sall have power at +te instance and desyre of quhatsoeuir p~soun his maiesties Liegis to force and Compell all and quhatsoeuir louse men~ & wemene to serve for competent hyre and wages [}ACT XXII}] [}ANENT COUNTERFUTEING AND MAKING OF FALS WREATIS}] FOR Eschewing the danger q=r=in manye of his Ma~ties liegis stand by Counterfuteing and falsefeing of euidentis IT IS statuted and Ordanit That whosoeuir maketh and vsethe a false wreate or is accessorye to the making thairoff Salbe punischeit w=t= +te paynes dew vnto +te Committeris of falshoode AND IT SALL not be Lauchfull for anye persoun

Counterfuter falsiefer or accessorie q=t=soeuir To declare in Judgement That he passeth frome the wreate querrellit of falshoode Bot gif efter the tryell The wreate querrelled be fund fals~ The passing frome or declaratioun of the pairtie that he will not vse the same sall nawayis freith him frome the punischement w=che= is dew vnto those who Commit falshoode [}ACT XXIII .}] [}A GENERALL PARDOUN FOR DEIDIS DONE AGANIS PENALL STATUTES (SUM FEW EXCEPTED) AND A DISCHARGE OF JAMES CRANSTOUN HIS COMMISSIOUN}] OURE SOUERANE LORD and Estaittis off this pn~t Parliame~t Considdering the Complaynt made by the barrounes Schirreffis Stewartis bail+geis and vtheris friehalderis within this kingdome Concerning the danger w=che= all o=r= souerane lordis liegis do daylie vnderly for haveing transgressed penall statutes w=che= have a pecuniall or arbitrarie payne adiected thairvnto and the gryit hurte and preiudice sustened by granting Commissiounes vnto private persounes for executioun of +te same statutes w=che= hath bene vsed amang the Commoun people at sindrie tymes with Intollerable rigo=r= and exactioun of before HAUE DISCHARGIT frielie pardonit and remittit DISCHARGIS frielie Pardonis and remittis all Contravenaris of anye of the saidis penall statutes for all deidis done by thame Contrarie to +te tenno=r= of the same statutes in tymes bygane / Except onlie The statutes concerning wearing and beiring of hagbuttis & pistoletis taking of vnlawfull vsurie transporting of money and gold and slaying off Red and blak fische w=che= ar nowayis dischargit by this present statute nor Comprehendit heirintill AS ALSO o=r= said souerane Lord with aduyse and Consent of the saidis estaittis Statutes and declairis That heirefter Commissioun for putting of penall statutes to executioun Sall onlie be grantit vnto honest men of gude qualitie who salbe sufficientlie authorized by the lordis of secreit Counsell for dischargeing of thair office . And absolutely dischargis in tyme Cuming James Cranstoun his deputtis or officiaris To call or convene onye persoun or persounes for slaying of red or blak fische And frome hence furthe declaires The power of his Commissioun~ grantit vnto him to +tat effect to be quyte extinguischit and abolischit . [}ACT XXIIII .}] [}ANENT EUIDENTIS PAST THE GRYIT SEALE QLKIS AR NOT REG~RATED .}] OURE SOUERANE LORD and Estaittis off parliament vnderstanding that thair ar sindrie infeftmentis and vtheris wreatis w=che= pas his hienes

gryit seale that in tyme bygane efter +te expeding +t=r=off and appending of the seale thairvnto / haue throw +te oversight and negligens off the ressaueris +t=r=off in the not returning of the same to +te directo=r= of his hienes chancelarie and his deputtis bene omitted to be reg~rated in thair buikis and +te reg~ris appoyntit for that effect And Considdering that +te not registratioun of the same Infeftmentis and wreatis tendeth to the gryit hurt and preiudice of the persounes vnto quhome the same ar grantit and pertene THAIRFORE Oure said souerane Lord & estaittis of parliament for remeid heiroff Statutes and ordanis That in tyme Cuming when ony Infeftment or v+ter wreate or evident w=che= passis his hienes gryit seale salbe formed and wreatin by the directo=r= of his hienes chancellarye Or his deputtis The same efter the wreating +t=r=off salbe delyuerit by thame vnto +te pairtie ingevar of the saidis Infeftme~tis Or v+ter wreatis foirsaidis to +te effect he may get his hienes gryit seall thairvnto appendit at +te delyuerie q=r=off the pairtie ressaver of the same sall onlie be haldin and astricted to pay at that tyme to +te directo=r= of +te chancelarie or his deputtis that one halff of +te pryces allowit vnto him by the buike of raittis for wreating of evidentis to the gryit seill and that onlie in Consideratioun of +te paynes takin in formeing and wreating of the saidis wreatis and euidentis without paying before hand the v+ter halff of the saidis pryces w=che= heirby is appoyntit to be reservit vnpayit q=ll= the same be reg~rated in maner eftermentionate w=che= infeftmentis and euidentis being delyuerit to +te keipar of the gryit seale and he haveing appendit the same seale thairto and being satisfiet of the pryce dew to him +tairfore Ordanis the keipar of +te gryit seall To returne and redelyuer the same Infeftment Or vther wreat foirsaid so sealled by him bak agane to +te directo=r= of his hienes Chancellarie or his deputtis To the effect +te same infeftmentis evidentis or v+ter wreatis foirsaidis [{may{] be reg~rated by him in +te Reg~ris and buikis appoyntit for that effect w=che= being so reg~rated Ordanis the directo=r= of his hienes chancelarye and his deputtis to delyuer the same to +te pairtie he being satisfiet of the vther halff of +te pryce foirsaid Reteined by the pairtie and vnpayit by him at +te tyme of the wreating of +te saidis Euidentis to +te gryit seall as dew for +te reg~ratioun +t=r=of in maner abonew~tin AND ALSO oure said souerane lord Statutes and ordanis all and quhatsoeuir persounes who have anye Infeftmentis wreatis or securities grantit vnto +tame and alreddy past the gryit seale and w=che= ar not as +git reg~rated To returne the same back agane vnto +te directo=r= of his hienes chancelarie w=t=in the space of a +geir efter +te publicatione of this pn~t act To the effect the saidis Infeftmentis & wreitis may be reg~rated by the said directo=r= of his hienes chancelarie and his deputtis and that gratis and w=t=out anye payment to be geuin vnto him +tairfore .

[}ACT XXV}] [}ANENT BANQUETING AND APPARELL}] OURE SOUERANE LORD and Estaittis of Parliament Considdering the gryit hurt Cuming vnto this Cuntrey / by the superflous vsage of vnnecessarye Sumptuousnes / in meat apparell and vtherwayis and that by all soirtis of pepill promiscuislie without distinctioun of persounes / of rankis or qualitie / ffor repressing the said abvse in tyme Cuming / doe statute and ordane That nane of o=r= souerane Lordis liegis of whatsoueir qualitie or degrie sall wear anye Cleithing [{of{] gold or siluer cloathe or any gold or siluer lace vpoun thair apparellis or ony pairt of thair bodies heirefter and that no maner of persoun salhaue anye apparell of veluote satine or vtheris stuffes of Silk except noblemen~ lordis of parliament Prelatis his Ma~ties Counsello=r=~ lordis off Sessioun baronis of qualitie Haveing of frie +geirlie rent fourscore chalderis victuell or sex thousand merkis of siluer And the provestis off the principall borrowes within this kingdome or these who have bene provestis w=t= suche also as salhappin to be or have bene provestis bail+geis deane of gild & thesaurer within the toun of edinbur=t= Excepting also rectoures of vniuersities AND IT IS Statuted and ordaned That these persounes w=che= ar permittit to weare the saidis apparelling of Silk sall nawayis have embrodering or ony lace or pasmentis vpoun thair Cloathis Except onlie a playne walting Laice of silk vpoun +te seamis or bordo=r=~ of thair Cloathis With beltis and hatbandis embrodered w=t= silk and siclyik That +te said apparrell of silk be nowayis Cut out vpoun vther stuffes or silk except vpoun a singill taffietie And that +te wyiffes of +te saidis priuiledgit persounes thair eldest sones and eldest dauchteris vnmaried and the childrene of all noble men~ / be Licentiat / to weare thair apparrell in maner aforesaid only vnder +te payne of A thousand pundis (\Toties quoties\) 2 ITEM that no persoun of whatsoeuir degrie salhave pearling or Ribbening vpoun +tair Ruffes Sarkis Neipkines and Sokkis except +te persounes before priuiledged and +te pearling and Ribbening to be so worne by thame (if anye be) To be of those made within the kingdome of Scotland vnder +te payne off Ane hunderethe pundis (\Toties quoties\) 3 ITEM that nane weare vpoun thair heiddis / or Buskingis any featheris and no=t=w=t=standing it is permittit / That anye persoun may weare Cheynis / Or vther goldsmith warke haveing no staines nor pearles within the same And that no persoun Weare onye pearles / nor precious staines / except the persounes before Priuiledgit / vnder +te payne of ane Thousand merkis to be payit be +te Contravenaris (\Toties quoties\)

4 And it is statuted That no persoun nor persounes except +te priuiledgit persones foirsaidis / weare Lanes or Cambrike And that no persoun whatsoeuir weare vpoun +tair bodies / tifneis Cobwebe / Lanes or Slyires vnder +te payne off ane hundereth pundis (\Toties quoties\) . 5 Neuirtheles The kingis maiestie Prince and thair ordinarie houshald servandis ar exemit fra this act and all the Clauss~ thairoff . 6 It is moreover statuted That no servantis men or wemen weare anye Cloathing except those that ar made of Cloathe fusteanis Canves or stuffes made in the Cuntrey And that +tai sall have no silk vpoun thair Cloathis / except silk buttones and buttoun hoillis and silk garteris without pearling or Roses vnder +te payne of ane hundereth merkis (\Toties quoties\) : 7 It is alwayis declaired That it may be Lauchfull for thame to weare Thair maisteris or mistressis / olde Cloathis 8 It is heirby ordanit That no [{cloathes{] be guildit with gold 9 It is also declared That herauldis pursevantis And Lyikwayis Trumpeto=r=~ be exemit fra this act 10 Item it is siclyke statuted That minstrellis be exemit . 11 Item It is farder statuted That nane / except +te priuiledgit persounes foirsaid~ vse damask naprie brocht frome be+gound sey vnder +te pane of ane hundereth pundis (\Toties quoties\) 12 IT is lyikwayis Statute That no mae duilweiddis be made at +te deathe off anye Earle or Countes Bot tuentie four at +te maist Or for ane lord of parliament or ane lordis wyiff bot sextene onlie / and for all vther priuiledged persounes before named Tuelff at +te maist And that nane except +te priuiledgit persounes have any honoures Careit and these according to +tair qualities and that no duillweidis be givin to herauldis / Trumpeto=r=is or saullies Except by the Earlis and lordis and thair wyffes And the number of the saullies to be according to +te number of duilweiddis vnder +te payne of Ane Thousand pundis (\Toties quoties\) 13 IT IS STATUTED That the faschioun of Cloathes now pn~tlie vsed / not to be Cheingit by men or wemen / and the wearer~ thairoff vnder the payne of foirfaultrie of the Cloathis and of ane hundereth pundis to be payed be the weareris and asmuche by the makeris of the saidis Cloathis (\Toties quoties\)

14 IT is ordaned That no castor hattis be vsit or worne bot be the priuiledgit persounes / vnder +te payne of ane hundereth pundis (\toties quoties\) 15 It is farder inacted / That no Cloathis sall be made efter the publicatioun of the act / bot according to +te maner and conditioun before expremed . And that nane of the former dischargit Cloathing be worne be no persoun efter mertimes The +geir of god J=m= sex hundereth Tuentie thrie +geiris vnder the paynis rex=ue= abonesett doun (\Toties quoties\) . 16 Item it is ordaned That +te housband men and Laboreris of the ground weare no Cloathing bot grayes / Quhyit / blew / and selff blak Claithe maid in Scotland and that +tair wyiffis and childrene weare the lyik vnder +te payne of fourtie pundis (\Toties quoties\) : 17 IT IS FURTHER Statuted and ordaned That no persoun vse anye maner of deserte of wett and dry Confectiounes at Banqueting mariages Baptismes / feasting or anye meallis except +te fruittis growing in scotland : As also feggis Raisingis plumdames almondis and vther vnconfected fruittis vnder +te payne of Ane thousand merkis (\Toties quoties\) Excepting suche lyik the vse off the foirsaid foirbidden confectiounes to be Lauchfull for +te intertenement of his Ma~tie prince and thair traynes being within the Cuntrey and for Ambassado=r=~ and strangeris off gryit qualitie . 18 And it is Statuted moreover That no persoun of quhatsoeuir qualitie vse anye feasting at buriallis or offer of vther meatis except breid and drink As lykwayis no persoun vse anye eating or drinking at night wakingis or lyikwaikingis vnder +te payne of ane thousand merkis (\Toties quoties\) . [}ACT XXVI .}] [}ANENT THAICKING OF HOUSES IN EDINBURGH WITH SKLATE AND SKAIL+GEE}] OURE SOUERANE LORD and Estaittis of this present Parliament Considdering that sindrie persounes of meane qualitie acquyre vnto thame selffis the heretable right of sindrie Ruinous Landis and wastes within +te toun of Edinbur=t= And for want of meanes to build the same sufficientlie Thaickes the same w=t= straye and daillis Quhairby The landis nixt adiacent vnto the same / builded vpone the gryit Chairgis and expenses of +te heritoures ar oftentymes brocht in gryite hazert / and sometyme to decaye in tyme of Suddane fyir THAIRFORE and for further decoratioun Off the said burgh being the heid burgh of this realme Oure souerane lord w=t= Consent of +te saidis Estaittis /

Statutes and ordanis that in all tyme to cum no maner of persoun or persones salbe suffered or permitted / to builde anye houss~ within the said burgh of edinburgh Bot suche as salbe covered with Sklaite or skail+gee leid / tyild or thakstane And also statutes and ordanis That +te herito=r=~ of suche houss as ar alreddye thaicked with Thack and straw (if +te same Thack or straw Ruifes sall heirefter at anye tyme becum Ruinous) salbe astricted To thaick +te same agane w=t= Sklait or skail+gee / leade / tyild / or Thackstone AND ordanis Lr~es of horning To be directit heirupoun aganis the hereto=r=~ of the saidis Landis in forme as effeiris . And siclyik ordanis the provest and bail+geis of +te said burgh To put this act to executioun . [}ACT XXVII .}] [}ANENT COMPRYSEING FROME APPEIRAND AIRIS EXTENDIT ALSWEILL TO MENIS AWIN DETTIS AS THAIR PREDICESSO=R=~}] OURE SOUERANE LORD and Estaittis of this pn~t parliament Ratiefies apprevis and Confermes the 106 act of +te sevint parliament of king James the fyift of worthie memorie Intitulated / The credito=r= may persew him who is chargit to entir and enterit not / in all the heidis articles and Clauss~ thairof with additioun and explanatione following That the same salbe extended vnto dettis awing be anye persoun him selff as weill as to those w=che= wer addettit by his predicessoures / for the w=che= debt it salbe als lauchfull for a credito=r= To charge anye persoun to entir air to his predicessoure and with +te Lyik certificatioun~ as gif +te predicesso=r= had bene detto=r= +t=r=intill Quhairvpoun Comprysing may follow in maner specified in the said act [}ACT XXVIII .}] [}ANENT TAKING OF ANNUELRENT BEFORE HAND TO BE VSURIE}] OURE SOUERANE LORD and Estaittis off this present Parliament Considdering That no=t=w=t=standing vsurie and taking of vnlauchfull annuel more then ten for ilk hundereth Hathe bene by sindrie actis of before dischargit and foirbiddin +git it hes bene vsuall by ane evill and Corrupt custome To tak or retene the a~lrent the tyme of the borrowing the money Quhilk in effect is ellevin of ilk hundereth at least FOR awoyding q=r=off Statutes and ordanis That no persoun who lendis or gevis out money and ressavis annuel thairfore sall retene the tyme of +te lending / exact / crave or ressave frome +tair detto=r=~ the annuel of +t=r= Lent soumes vntill +te terme of payment appoyntit by thair bandis be first cum And it salbe Lauchfull at +te tyme of lending of mo=ez= and making of bandis to ade the a~nuell vnto

+te principall soume Prowyding alwayes nather principall nor annuell be exacted or cravit before +te terme of payment appoyntit to +te said band and the Contravenaris of this pn~t statute salbe punischit as vnlawfull vsureris [}ACT XXIX .}] [}RATIFICATIONE OF THE ACT OF SECREIT COUNSELL AGANIS BAXTERIS BREWSTARIS FLESCHEO=R=~ AND CANDLEMAKER~ OFF EDINBUR=T=}] OURE SOUERANE LORD w=t= aduyse and Consent of the Estaittis off this present parliament by the tenno=r= heiroff Ratiefies apprevis and Confermes the act of Secreit Counsell of the date the sevintene day of februare J=m= sex hundere=t= and auchtene +geiris maid and sett doun by his Ma~tie w=t= Consent of +te lordis of his hienes secreit counsell aganis the baxteris browsteris flescheris Candlemakeris and vtheris +tairin conteanit induellaris w=t=in edinbur=t= w=t= +te publicatioun and proclamatioun following +t=r=vpoun In all and sindrie heiddis poyntis passages Circumstances and v+teris spe~it thairintill Conforme to +te tenno=r= +t=r=off in all poyntis And willes & declaires the same to have bene in all tyme bygane since the making and publicatioun thairoff and to be and stand in all tyme Cuming gude valiable and effectuall in +te selff and to have the dew benefite and executioun thairoff Conforme thairvnto aganis all who haue transgressed or salhappin to transgres and Contravene the tenno=r= of +te same Q=r=off the tenno=r= followes [} (\APUD EDINBUR=T= DECIMO SEPTIMO DIE MENSIS FEBRUARIJ ANNO DN~I MILLESIMO SEXCENTESIMO DECIMO OCTAUO\) }] FORASMUCHE As The kingis Maiestie and lordis of his previe Counsell Considdering the dangerous and fearfull abvse w=che= hathe bene of Continewance these many +geiris bygane w=t=in the burghe off edinburgh by the Tollerance Connivance and oversight / w=che= hathe bene gevin vnto baxteris browisteris and vtheris to build and keip stakkis of haither / brome / quhi~nes and v+ter fewall in the heart of the said burgh and in the vennallis and Closses of +te same q=r= sindrie of his Ma~ties gude subiectis Inhabitantis of +te said burgh / have w=t= gryit chairges and expenss~ builded many guidlie houss~ / and buildingis to the Credit of the said burgh and for the policie and decoratioun of the same by the w=che= stackis of heather broome Quhi~nes or v+ter fewall builded and keipt w=t=in the said bur=t= not onlie ar the nightboures of +te nixt adiacent pairtes thairvnto haldin in Continewall feare & dreddo=r= and ar in verie great hazard / and danger gif ather by negligens or wilfull malice (as god forbid) fyre suld be sett in the saidis Stakes /

as fell out by +te fyring of sum stackis in peibles wynd in the 1584 +geir of god Bot a gryit number Off pepill who ar inclyned and disposed to bestow sum pairt of +t=r= estate vpoun building w=t=in the said burgh ar with haldin therefrome for feare of +te saidis stakkis And besyiddis this abvse w=che= is bothe fearfull dangerus and hes produced manye Inconvenientis and gryit skaithe frome tyme to tyme to +te said burgh Thair is ane vther schamefull abvse +tairin w=che= altocht it be not altogidder so fearfull and dangerous as the vther +git it is noyesum to the whole Civill and honest nightboures And to all +te nobilitie and Cuntrey pepill w=che= cum hither for thair privat adoes and with that It is detestable in the sight of strangeris Corrupteth the air and Cariethe manye disgracefull and schamefull Imputatiounes aganis the said burgh as being a pudle of filthe and filthienes To wit the oversight w=che= is gevin vnto Candlemakeris to keip thair Chopes and houss~ quhair they melt +t=r= Talloun and Craklingis w=t=in the heart off the said bur=t= / And to flescheo=r=is to keip +t=r= slauchter Choppes w=t=in the toun and to toome the filthe of +te slauchterit goodis vpoun the hie streittis and in oppin vennellis & closses Q=r=by it often tymes falleth out That in manye streittis and vennellis of +te said burghe The filthe of slauchterit goodes is in suche abundance exposed vnto +te view of +te pepill and +te Closses and streittis ar so filled thairwith as +tair can no passage be had throw +te same FOR REMOVEING of the w=che= Tuo abvses so dangerus and disgracefull to +te said burgh The kingis Ma~tie with aduyse of the Lordis of his secreit Counsell hath resoluit Concludit Co~mandit and ordanit That frome the first day off maij nixtocum Thair salbe no stackes of heather broome Quhynnes nor vther sewall keipit nor sufferit to be in anye of +te vennellis wyndes or Closses of +te said burghe nor within houss~ nor vpoun the streitis of +te samen~ And that no flescheris salbe sufferit by thame selffis thair servandis or vtheris in thair names to keip anye slauchterhouss~ w=t=in +tis burgh nor in anye wynd Close or vennall of +te same nor to toome the blude and filthe of +t=r= slauchterit guidis vpoun +te streittis or in Closses or vennallis nor that no Candlemakeris keip +t=r= melting houses w=t=in the said burgh Bot that +te saidis stakis of hather broome Quhynnes and vther fewall salbe caried [{and{] sett at some remote pairtes of +te said burgh besyid the portis wallis or northe loche syid where there ar no houss~ And that +te saidis flescheo=r=~ sall prowyid thame selffis of slauchter houses at +te northe loche syid q=r= they may have the vse of +te water for +te awaytaking of +te filthe Off +t=r= slauchterit guidis and that +te Candlemakeris prowyid thame selffis of houss~ for melting of thair Talloun and Cracklingis at some remote pairtis of the toun frome the Commoun streitis Closses and vennellis of the same AND ORDANIS Lr~es to be directit to mak publicatioun heirof by oppin proclamatioun at +te mercate Croce

of edinburgh Q=r=throw nane pretend ignorance of the same And to co~mand Charge and Inhibite all and sindrie persounes Inhabitantis w=t=in the said burgh of quhat Tred~ or calling so euir they be That they nor nane of thame / nor nane by thair command and directioun found build or keip any stakis / or Rukkes / of haither / broome Quhynnes or v+ter fewall w=t=in anye of the Closses / vennallis or wast places of the said burgh nor within thair houss~ / And that +tai remove +te stackes w=che= they alreddy have and builde the samen at sume remote places about +te poirtis and wallis of +te said burgh where there ar no houss~ or at +te north loche syid betuix and the said first day off maij nixtocum vnder +te payne of Confiscatioun~ of +te same hather brome and quhynnes / so to be stacked aganis +te meaning and intent of this act / and further vnder +te payne of fyve hundre=t= pund~ to be payit by thame so oft as they salhappin to faill and siclyik To co~mand all & sindrie flescheoures inhabitantis within the said burghe That +tai prepare thame selffis of slauchter houses at +te north loche syid quhair they may have the Commoditie of water for thair vse And that +tai in nowayes presume nor tak vpoun hand efter +te said day To toome the filthe or bloode of thair slauchterit goodes vpoun the streittis nor in +te vennellis Closses and wyndis of this burgh As also to charge all Candlemakeris That +tai betuix and +te day foirsaid prowyid thame selffis of houss~ for melting of +t=r= Talloun and Craklingis at sum remote pairtis of the toun frome the Commoun streitis Closses and vennellis of the same vnder +te payne of fyve hundereth pundis mo=ez= to be Incurrit by everie persoun flescheo=r= or Candlemaker sa often as they sall faill And siclyik to Command and charge the provest and bail+geis of ed~=r= that +tai haue a speciall care and regarde to see this pn~t act to be preceislie and Inviolablie keipit as they will ans~=r= to his Ma~tie and the said~ Lordis vpoun the dewtiefull discharge of thair office . [}ACT XXX .}] [}ACT RESTRAYNING THE BYING AND SELLING OFF CERTANE WYILD FOULLIS}] OURE SOUERANE LORD with aduyse and Consent of the Estaittis off parliament Considdering the gryit abvse and Libertie w=che= hes bene vseit these dyuers~ +geiris bygane by the subiectis of this realme in buying & selling of wyild foulles of +te particular species following To wit of powtis pertrikes murefoulles blakcokes gray hennis termigantis quail+geis Caperkail+geis & c~ FOR Restrayning of the w=che= abvse in tyme Cuming Oure souerane Lord w=t= aduyse and consent foirsaidis Statutes and ordanis That no persone quhatsoeuir w=t=in this realme presume nor tak vpoun hand to buy nor sell at anye tyme heirefter anye wyild foulles Off the species foirsaid vnder +te

payne of ane hundere=t= pundis mo=ez= to be incurred by the Contravenar thairoff buyar or sellar And ordanis this pn~t act to have the strenthe and force of ane act of parliament To be inviolablie obseruit in all tyme heirefter ay and q=ll= the same be lau=lie= dischargit or altered . [}ACT XXXI .}] [}ANENT HOUNTING AND HAULKING}] OURE SOUERANE LORD and Estaittis of this present Parliament Statutes and ordanis That no man hunt nor haulk at anye tyme heirefter quha hes not a pleughe of land in heretage vnder the payne Off ane hunderethe pundis Ordanis his Maiestie to have the ane halff of the penaltie of the Contravenaris of this present act / and the dilato=r= to have the vther halff of the said penaltie . [}ACT XXXII .}] [}ANENT THE HARREING OF HAULK NESTIS / AND HOUNTING IN SNAW}] OURE SOUERANE LORD and Estaittis of this pn~t Parliament Ratifies and approvis The act of Parliament maide be king James the third off worthie memorie in the sevint parliament anent the vnlaw of Stealing of haulkis houndis pertrickis and duickis In all & sindrie poyntis heiddis articles / and clauss~ thairoff w=t= this additioun that +te payne and penaltye of ten poundis +tairin conteanit Salbe now in all tyme cu~ming augmentit aganis the contravenaris of the said act vnder the payne of Ane hundereth poundis money of this realme AND ALSO Ratifeis and approvis all actis of Parliament maid of before by his Maiesties most noble progenitoures Anent +te slaying and hounting of Hairis daes and Rayes in tyme off Snow And statutes and ordanis +te payne and penaltie aganis the Contravenaris thairoff To be vnder +te payne of ane hunderethe poundis money (\Toties quoties\) as they salhappin to Contravene +te same / And ordanis the one halff of +te payne to be incurred by the Contravenaris of this present act to be gevin vnto his Ma~tie / and the vther halff to +te persounes dilatoures of +te Contravenaris of +te same . [}ACT XXXIII .}] [}ACT (\SALUO JURE CUIUSLIBET\) }] FORASMUCHE As in this present Sessioun off Parliament Thair ar many Ratificatiounes and actis in fauoures of Particular persounes past Quhairin dyuers and new Clauss~ ar Insert / w=che=

may be preiudiciall to particular pairties Rightis and dirogative vnto manye and sindrie lawes lawfullie made and establisched of before Albeit +te meaning of the Estaittis be at this tyme / as it wes evir in all preceiding parliamentis That by no act of Ratificatioun / or act grantit to anye particulare persoun / Any v+t=r= pairtie suld be hurt or preiudgit FOR REMEID q=r=off / It is Statuted and ordaned That no Ratificatioun nor vther act / made in fauoures of any particular persoun salbe preiudiciall to anye private pairties Right / Bot that +te saidis Ratificatiounes and actis made in fauoures of particuler persounes be alwayis vnderstude (\SALUO JURE CUIUSLIBET .\) [^EXTRACTS FROM THE RECORDS OF THE ROYAL BURGH OF STIRLING, 1519-1752. VOL. I. ED. R. RENWICK. GLASGOW 1887. PP. 94.10-120.10^]

[} [\20 FEBRUARY 1600.\] }] The baillies and counsall of the said burgh, convenit this # day, findis that Robert Allexander, merchand, hes dispossessit thair liberties # in teilling down of ane part of thair libertie of the peice land lyand besyd the # Winschelhauch, appointit for drying of the fischaris nettis repairing thair, # quhairof thaj war in possession within certan merchis quhilk war set thairintill; # tharfor, all in ane voice, condescendis that the merchis raisit be the said # Robert in the saidis landis salbe set in agane, and all the boundis betuix that and # the walter of Forthe be keipit in commontie as it wes past memor of man, and # usit be the fischaris in drying of thair nettis, ay and quhill thai be # callit and lauchfullie put thairfra be the law; and to this effect that the haill town # pas and lay ouer the ground agane newlie revin out within the boundis # forsaidis, to the effect abon writtin, and thaj to be warnit be the sound of # drum; and ordanis the said Robert Alexander to be warnit to compeir to ansuer for # contravening of the former act maid heiranent. [} [\29 FEBRUARY 1600.\] }] The counsall ordanis the first tua entressis of burgessis # and gild that salhappin to be enterit in this burgh to be gewin to maister # Patrik Simpsone, thair minister, for releiffing of him of sum dettis awand be # him. [} [\21 JULY 1600.\] }] Comperit Robert Forrester of Boquhan and delyverit and # frielie gaiff to Johnn Gawie, ane of the maistiris of the hospitall, the sowm of # fiftie merkis, to be wairit, imployit, and laid on land for yeirlie annuelrent # to be gottin thairfoir,

to the utilitie and commoditie of the hospitall of the said # burgh and puir being thairintill, present and tocum, be the advyse of the # provest, baillies and counsall of this burgh, and that for the zeill, favour and gud # will, quhilk the said Robert Forrester hes and beiris to this burght and puir of the # said hospittall. The counsall present, with advyse and consent of sindrie # utheris honest nychtbouris inhabitantis in the said burghe, is content and # consentit that thair libertie be menteinit and summondis of reductioun raisit # at thair instancis for reductioun of the rychtis maid and grantit be our # Soveran lord to the townis of Airth and Falkirk, in prejudice of the # liberties of this burght, and thairefter electit and cheisit, the maist pairt of tham, # that Archibald Alschunder, dene of gild, and Johne Hendirson, convenar, sall # pass to Edinburgh to caus with all diligens lybell ane summonds of reductioun. # And the haill craftmen dissasentit fra directing of ony commissioner to # the effect forsaid except ane craftisman be direct commissioner, in all tym # cuming, for this burght, with ane uther commissioner, and thairwpon thaj tuik # instrument. [} [\20 AUGUST 1600.\] }] The counsall ordanis the thesaurar to pay to Walter Neische # the sowm of fourtie pundis, debursit be him for ane unlaw for his non # compeirance befor the lordis of chekkar to mak the comptis of this burght at the # day appointit. [} [\15 SEPTEMBER 1600.\] }] The baillies and counsall hes electit and nominate Johne # Williamson, schereff clerk of Striviling, in commoun clerk and nychtbour of # the said burgh, in place of umquhile Andro Buchannan, last clerk and possessour # of the said office, for the space of ane yeir nixtocum.... And the said # Johnne sall caus advyse all questionable processis upoun his expenssis that # sall occur within the said burgh during the tyme of his said service. [} [\24 SEPTEMBER 1600.\] }] The baillies and counsall, present, nominates and appointis # Archiball Allane, merchand, and Johnne Henrysoun, convenare, # commissionares to pas to Edinburgh, with all diligence, and thair, by advyse of men of # law and jugement, to caus libell and rais ane summond of reductioun at the # instance of the provest, baillies, counsall, deacones of craft, and haill # commounitie of the said burgh, for annulling the richtis and erectiones of the tounes # of Falkirk and Airth.

[} [\3 DECEMBER 1600.\] }] Johne Broun, induellare of the Cannogait, producit and gaif # in the letter undirwrittin, quhairof the tennour followis:- REX: Provest and baillies of our burgh of Striveling. It is # our will that ye ressave heirwith tua quarteris of the lait erle of # Gowry and his brother, our declairit traitouris, and caus thame be sett up on # the maist eminent and usuall places within your toun, according to the # dome pronuncet aganest thame be the thrie estaittis, quhairanent this salbe a # sufficient warrand to yow. Subscrivit with our hand at Haliruidhous the # xxvij day of November 1600. (\Sic subscribitur\) : JAMES, REX. And siclike, # the said Johnne Broun deliverit to the saidis baillies the saidis tua # quarteris of the foirsaid vmquhile Erle of Gowry, and his said brother. For # obedience of the command of the quhilkis letteres, the saidis baillies and # counsall ordinit the saidis tua quarteris of the said umquhile [{erle of Gowry and # his{] brother to be sett up on the stipell of the tolbuith of the said burgh as # the maist eminent place within the same. Robert Seytoun, brother to the laird of Touche, is enterit # to the libertie and fredome of ane burges and gild brother of this burgh, quha # maid faith (\more solito\) ; and that frelie, without any compositione # payet or to be payed be him thairfoir, inrespect of the grite panes and travellis tane # be the said Robert in the beitting and repairing of the brig of Tullibody, quhilk # he undertuik at desyre of the baillies and counsall of the said burgh. [} [\20 DECEMBER 1600.\] }] The baillies and counsall convenit, voites, nominates and # apointis, Archibald Alschunder and Williame Edmond, baillies, with all # diligence, to pas to the burgh of Perth and thair eirnestlie to insist and # deale with the provest, baillies and counsall thairof, for the len and use of # the commoun charter and evident granted to the merchandis and inhabitantis # of the haill frie burghis of this realme be King David the [\Second\], # quhilk is of the dait the [\28 March, 1364\], to the effect the said evident may be # producit and used befoir the lordis of sessioun in the actioun and caus of # susspensioun persewit

be the induellaris of the villages of Falkirk and Airth aganes # the provest, baillies, and counsall of the said burgh of Striveling, # concerning the lait erectiones of the saidis villages in burghis of baronie. [} [\25 DECEMBER 1600.\] }] Archibald Alschunder and Williame Edmond, for reporte of the # commissioun gevin to thame upoun the xx day of December instant, producet # and deliverit to James Schorte, deane of gild, and George Norwell, # thesaurare, in name of the haill counsall, the commoun charter and evident # grantet be King David the [\Second\] to the haill merchandis of frie burghis # within this realme, quhilk wes in the handis and custodie of the provest, baillies, # and counsall of the burghe of Perthe, fra quhome the saidis commissioneris, in # name and behalf foirsaidis, hes borrowit and resavit the same, for the # caus and effect specifeit in the said commissioun, off the quhilk charter and # evident the saidis James Schorte and George Norwell, in name and behalf of the # said counsall, grantis the ressait fra the saidis commissioneris, and # discharges thame thairof for ever, in respect the saidis Archibald Alschunder and # William Edmond ar bund and obleist to redeliuer the said evident agane to the # saidis provest, baillies, and counsall of the said burgh of Perthe, betuix and the last # day of Februar nixtocum. [} [\28 JANUARY 1601.\] }] [\The baillies and counsall, "Robert Forestare of Boquhane, # ald provest," and seven others,\] being convenit in the counsalhous of the said # burgh to confer and intreate upoun the commoun effairis of the said burgh, all in # ane voce, for thair awin pairtis, voitit and concludet to prosequute and # defend the actioun and caus persewit and depending befoir the lordis of counsall # at the instance of the inhabitantes of the villages of Falkirk and Airth aganes # the provest, baillies, and commountie of the said burgh, anent the # erectiones of the saidis villages in burghes of baronie; and for that effect the saidis # baillies, counsall, and deacones of craft, and uther persones forsaidis, agreit, # votet and concludet, all in ane voce, for thair awin pairtes, to provyde, lift and # uptak the soume of tua hundreth pundis money as the samyn may be maist # convenientlie had, viz., that the saidis foure baillies, upoun thair awin # obligatione, borrow the said soume of tua hundreth pundis for profite quhair it may be had, # quhill the feist and terme of Witsonday nixtocum, to be deliverit be thame # to the commissioneris

of the said burgh as salbe apointit for defence of the said caus; [\of which personal obligation for four bailies are to be # relieved out of the common good.\] The saidis baillies and counsall gevis power and commissioun # to the moderator and remanent brether of the presbyterie of # Striviling, for the better provissioun of ane secund minister within the said burgh, to # travell with Sir Thomas Erskene of Gogare, knicht, for the dispositione of his # richt, title and kyndnes, of the burrow mylnes of this burgh, upoun the # conditiones offired be him to thame of befoir. [} [\28 APRIL 1601.\] }] Anent the merche stanes laitlie revin up be Robert # Alschunder betuix the landis of Winschelhauche perteining to the said Robert, on # the ane pairte, and the schoir rowme of the cobill fisching of this burgh be # west the brig, on the uthir pairte, quhairby the said Robert thinkis to # appropriate the said schoir rowme to his saidis landis of Winschelhauche, and sua to mak # the said fisching altogidder unprofittable to this burgh, notwithstanding that # the provest, baillies, and counsall of this burgh, and thair fischeares in # thair names hes bene in possessioun of the said schoir rowme thir mony yeiris # bygane past memorie of man; the baillies and counsall convenit, being weill # and ryplie avysit thairanent, decernis and ordinis that, with all # diligence, the saidis merche stanes be of new inpute agane betuix the saidis landis # of Winschelhauche and the said schoir rowme of the cobill fisching of this burgh, # quhair they wer of befoir, and for that effect ordinis the haill # inhabitantis of this burgh to be warnit this day eftir none, be sweshe or bell, to # accompany the saidis baillies and counsall in setting and placeing of the # saidis stanes agane in maner foirsaidis. [} [\1 May 1601.\] }] The baillies and counsall, convenit, nominates and apointis # Archibald Allane, younger, commissionare to pas to Edinburgh, for finding # cautioun, souirtie, and lauborrous, actit in the buikis of counsall and # sessioun, for Williame Foirlie [\and others\] contenit in the letteres of # lauborrowis raised and execute be Robert Alschundir aganes thame for his indempnitie.... [{And also{] to raise ane summondis of contraventioun aganes # the said Robert Alschundir for altering and raising of the merche stanes betuix # the landis of Winschelhauche and the fisching shoir rowme of this burgh be # west the brig.

[} [\5 MAY 1601.\] }] The baillies and counsall, convenit, ordinis tua sufficient, # apt and qualifeit doctouris, to be provydet to the grammer scole of # this burgh, for the bettir instructioun of the youthe thairof; and continues # the provisioun of thair fies and sustentatione, with the rest of the ordour # requisite to be had for reformatione of the said grammer scole, unto the auchtene day # of Maij instant. [} [\16 SEPTEMBER 1601.\] }] The baillies and counsall, convenit, for eschewing and # preventing of all farder trouble and inquietnes of this burgh betuix the baxteris # and maltmen thairof, ordinis the persones underwrittin, alswell of the # baxteris as of the maltmen, to be charget, with all diligence, to enter thair # persones in waird within the tolbuith of this burgh, and to remane thairintill, # upoun thair awin expenssis, ay and quhile they becum actit and obleist in the # commoun buikis of this burgh, ilk ane for thair awin pairtes, viz., the saidis # persones of the baxteris for thame selfis and for the remanent baxteris of this # burgh, baith maisteris, prentessis, and servandes, and the saidis persones # of the maltmen for thame selfis and for the remanent maltmen, baith maisteris, # prentessis, and servandis, that ather of the saidis craftis, thair wyffes, # bairnes, servandis, assisteris, and pairt takeris, salbe harmeless and skaithles of # utheris, and on nawyis to be molestit nor troublit be utheris, nor na # utheris of thair causing, sending, hounding out, causing, command, assistance, or # ratihabitione, quhome they may stop or lett, directlie or indirectlie, uthirwyis nor # be ordour of law and justice, quhill the auchtene day of October nixtocum, under # the panes following, viz., ilk maister under the pane of fourtie pundis, # and ilk prentes and servand under the pane of tuentie pundis, the ane half # thairof to the saidis provest and baillies, and the uther half to the pairty grevit; and gif thair be ony of the saidis baxteris or maltmen, ather # maisteris, prentessis, or servandis, for quhome the maisteris following will nocht tak # burding nor obleis thame selfis as said is, the saidis baillies and # counsall ordinis thair names to be gevin up to thame, that thairefter they may be # apprehendit and put in waird thame selfis, to remane thairintill ay and quhill # they find cautione and souertie for thame selfis in maner and to the # effect foirsaidis. Followis the names of the saidis maisteris:- For the baxteris, # Andro Andersone, James Archibald, James Michell Christopher Cairnes, Robert Waird

and Alexander Robesoun; for the maltmen, James Stenesoun, # Walter Muresoun, Johnne Layng abone the porte, Duncane Patersone, James # Thomesoun and Alexander Thomesoun. [} [\18 DECEMBER 1601.\] }] Nominates and apointis James Schort commissioner to pas and # visie the toun of Glasgw, and to reporte the trew estait thairof anent # the present plaig of pest and pestilence quhairwith the said toun is infected. [} [\21 DECEMBER 1601.\] }] The baillies and counsall convenit, findis it neidfull and # expedient that fra this furth the barres yett, the burrow mylne, the brig # yett, Balnageich and the plane treis, be daylie keipit and attendit on be the # nychtbouris and inhabitantes of this burgh as followis, viz., be tua persones daylie at the # barres yett, tua at the burrow mylne, ane at the brig yett, ane uther # at Balnageich, and ane uther at the plane treis, and that na straingeris be # sufferit to haif acces or entrie at the saidis passages without sufficient # testimoniallis; and gif ony testimoniall cum fra Glasgw, the baillies and counsall # discharges the keipares of the saidis portes and passages to ressave ony of # the saidis testimoniallis fra Glasgw, or fra ony uther suspect place unto the tyme the # baillie of the quarter be first advertesed; and siclik, the saidis # baillies and counsall nominates and apointes the persones following to be quarter # maisteris and adjonit to the baillies for thair help and ease in viseing and # attending on the saidis portes and passages, and utherwyis to tak heid and # advert so far as in thame lyis that na infectioun of the present plaig of pest # arryse within this burgh, that is to say [\two persons for each quarter\] ; and # that the saidis portes and passages be keipit quarterlie about as it is begun alreddy. [} [\11 JANUARY 1602.\] }] The baillies and counsall, convenit, statutes and ordinis # that fra this furthe gif ony persoun of the counsall, ather baillie, # merchand, or craftisman, convene nocht preceislie within the counsalhous at the houre # apointit to the quhilk they salhapin to be warnit, ilk persoun absent and nocht # compeirand at the apointit houre as said is, sall pay ane unlaw of tua # schillingis, to be unforgevin, and putt in ane box and keipit and maid furthcumand # be the clerk to the provest, baillies and counsall.

[} [\13 JANUARY 1602.\] }] The baillies and counsall findis and concludes that thair be # ane stent of the soume of fiftie pundis ten s. raisit and upliftit of the # inhabitantes of this burgh, according to the accustomate ordour, and that for releif # of certane the tounes necessar effairis, speciallie anent the mater of the # claith making, and that the said soume be upliftit with all diligence. [} [\10 MAY 1602.\] }] Walter Cowane, thesaurer, is appointet commissioner to pas # to Edinburgh, with power to compt, rekin and tak ordour with the burgh of # Edinburgh anent the tounes pairte of the stent raisit of the burrowes for hame # bringing of the strangeris. [} [\9 JULY 1602.\] }] The provest and baillies grantes to the toun for biging of # thair peir and schoir the unlawes following, viz., [\four unlaws, amounting in # all to +L63 6 s. 8 d.\] . Ordinis the thesaurer to gif the Flemyngis the sowme of # twentie foure merkes to by thame tua stane of woll. Ordinis the thesaurare to be cautione for the Flemyngis hous # maillis fra Witsonday last bipast to Witsonday nixtocum, and the toun sall # releve the thesaurare of the said cautionerie. Ordinis the thesaurer to pay fourtie schillingis to James # Castellawes wyff for the len of ane hous to the gude wyff of Pannellis bairnes # for the ease of the Flemyngis. [} [\20 AUGUST 1602.\] }] The baillies and counsall, convenit, ordinis tua sufficient, # apt, and qualifeit doctouris, to be provydit and placed in the grammer scole of # this burgh; and, for thair travellis to be tane be thame thairintill, assignis to # everie ane of thame in stipend the soume of tuentie merkis, thairof ten pundis to # be payed to ilk ane of thame be the toun, at tua termes in the yeir Witsonday # and Mertimes in the winter, be equall portiones, and thrie pundis vj s. viij # d. to be payed to ilk ane of thame be the maister of the scole furth of the excres of # his scollage mair nor wes first conditionate to him be his contract. And for the # saidis doctouris burde and intertenement, ordinis the haill nychtbouris of this # burgh quha salhappin to present and haif thair bairnes teachit in the said # scole to gif the saidis doctouris daylie burding as it salhappin ordourlie # to cum athorte.

And for the bettir flurishing of the said scole, ordinis all # bairnis within this burgh exceiding the age of aucht yeiris that ar alreddie or # salbe presentit to ony uther scoles within this burgh, or to ony uther landwert scole # about the same to the quhilk bairnes gang furth in the morning and thairfra # cumes hame at evin. to be removit and alterit furth of the saidis scoles, and # presentit and putt to the said grammer scole. And that the maister teache to all # bairnes that salbe presentit fra this furth to him the commoun rudimentis # professit and teachit in all wther scoles, with Pylossois first pairte of # grammer and Ramus Syntax. And for sic bairnes as ar alredie enterit and groundit # with Ramus rudimentis, the counsall promittis the said maister to continew # and proceid with thame in the teaching of Ramus grammer and haill pairtes # thairof as the said maister sall think expedient. And this ordour to continew ay # and quhill the generall assemblie of the kirk, or his Maiestie and estaittis, # condiscend and agrie upoun ane universall grammer to be teached throuchout the # haill realme. And this act to continew and stand induring the counsallis # will. [} [\4 OCTOBER 1602.\] }] In presens of the baillies and counsall, comperit # personallie Johnne Sinclare, commissare of Dunblane, quha declaret that the # provest, baillies, and counsall of this burgh for the tyme, frelie ressavit and # admittit him to the libertie and fredome of ane burges and gild brother of this # burgh, and that he findis the said libertie and fredome to be now unproffitable to # him, thairfoir of his awin fre will renuceit and gaif ouer the same to the saidis # baillies and counsall to be used and disponit upon be thame at thair # plesour. [} [\15 NOVEMBER 1602.\] }] The provest, baillies and counsall, convenit, ordines Johne # Gawie and Alexander Dawsoun, maisteris of the hospitall, to borrow for # proffite and annuell the soume of tua hundrethe merkis quhill Witsonday # nixtocum, that thairwith the abote of Cambuskenneth may be satisfeit of the # byrun maillis acclamit be him fra the toun and for a perpetuall richt thairof # to the pure of the said hospitall in tyme cuming, conforme to the decreit # arbitrall pronuncet betuix the abote and the toun thairanent. The provest, baillies and counsall, convenit, conducet, and # agreit with maister James Weland, doctour of the grammer scole, to travell # in the said

office quhill Witsonday nixtocum, and ordinis the thesaurare to # pay him thairfoir the soume of tuentie merkes. And for the said maister # James bettir intertenement ordinis ane roll to be maid of all honest mennis # bairnes within the scole of quhome the said doctour may gudlie tak his # intertenement, and ordinis the parentis of the saidis bairnes the said doctour # salbe buirdet to be advertesed be ane baillie, that gif the doctour be neglectit of # his intertenement as he salhapin ordourlie to cum athorte, that for ilk dayis # buirde quhairof he salhapin to be frustrate thair salbe upliftit sex schillingis # aucht penneis of ilk ane of the saidis parentis to be payed to the doctour; and # ordinis ane baillie to poynd thairfoir gif neid be. And, siclike, the counsall, with # consent of Alexander Yule, maister of the said scole, grantis to the said doctour # ten schillingis of scolage of ilk tounes barne, deduceand in payment thairof vj # s. viij d. aff the maisteris scollage, sua that fra this furth the said maister # sal haif of everie tounes barne tuentie schillingis and the doctour ten # schillingis, and thir scollages to be payed quarterlie, begynnand at this Mertimes terme last # bipast. And this to continew quhill the said terme of Witsonday nixtocum # and langer induring the counsallis will allanerlie. [} [\30 JANUARY 1603.\] }] The provest, baillies and counsall, apointis Archibald # Alschunder and maister Robert Murray to pas, on Wedinsday nixtocum, to the presbiterie # and to crave of thame a command to maister Alexander Greif to desist and # ceis fra teching of grammer to ony uther bairnes within this burgh nor to the # laird of Gardenes awin bairnes, and fra all usurping of the maister of scoles # calling thairanent. Ordinis everie baillie, in thair awin quarter, to assist and # concur with the maister of scole in obtening payment of his scollage with sic # summer proces as thay may of law. [} [\31 MARCH 1603.\] }] James Castellaw, Cuthbert Cunyngham, balyeis, and Johnne # Williamson, clark, is ordenit to pas commissioneris, or ony of tham, # coniunctlie and seueralie, to pas to Edinburgh to intrett, conclud, and consult upon the # effairis of the estait of burrowis, becaus of his Maiesteis schortlie remoifing # to Ingland to accept the crown thairof, with the remanent commissioneris of # burrowis presentlie convenit in Edinburgh to that effect, conform to the missive # lettre derect fra the counsall of Edinburgh to this burght.

[} [\19 APRIL 1603.\] }] The baillies and counsall, convenit, considering the grete # decay of thair shoir and heavin upoun the watter of Forthe, and for preventing # of the grite inconveniencis that be proces of tyme may arryse thairthrow to # the weill of this burgh, thairfoir the saidis baillies and counsall, # convenit, representing the haill communitie of this burgh, for thame and thair # successouris, ordinis fra this furth that ilk nychtbour and freman within this burgh pay # for everie boll of victuall quhilk salhappin to be inbrocht be sey at the # schoir and heavin of this burgh, tua penneis of schoir maill; and for ilk barrell of # gudis that salhappin to be inbrocht or out sent, tua penneis; ilk daiker of hydes, # tua penneis; ilk hundreth shep skynnes, sex penneis; ilk tua hundreth gaitt # skynnes, sex pennies; ilk tuentie tod skynnes, sex pennies; ilk thousand # lamb skynnes, tuelf penneis; ilk fyve hundreth fute fellis, tuelf penneis; # ilk double pak of clayth, tua schillingis; ilk single pak, tuelf penneis, ilk # hundreth daillis, tuelf penneis; ilk hundreth single sparris, tuelf penneis; ilk # hundreth double sparris, tua schillingis; ilk hundreth knapple, sex penneis; ilk pece of # wainscott, ane penny; and ilk hors draucht of all uthir tymmer, ane penny; ilk # tun of wyne, sextene penneis; ilk tuentie stane of tallon, sex penneis; ilk # leid of bark, ae penny; ilk chalder of lyme, tuelf penneis. And this custome # abonewrittin to be doublet upoun all unfremen; and to be upliftit be the # collectouris that salhappin to be appointit thairto yeirlie, as followes, viz., # tua for the custom and schoir maill of all victuall, tymber, and uther waires that # is commoun for all men to by and sell, and uther tua for the custome of all # staple gudes quhairwith na unfreman may traffique. And for the better # uplifting of the said schoir maill, ordinis the merchandis of all creires and # boittis, immediatelie efter thair arryving to the said schoir and heavin, and befoir # thair loissing, to enter and gif up befoir ae baillie and the clerk ane trew # inventer of the haill gudes that salhappin to be within the saidis schippis, creares, # and boittis, to the effect that with the responde of the said inventare, the # collectour of the said schoir maill may the better mak compt and rakning of the said # collectioun, under the pane of fyve pundis (\toties quoties\) ; and tua schillingis to # bepayed to the clerk for ilk entrie be the boitmaister. [} [\27 JUNE 1603.\] }] Anent the supplicatione gevin be James Duncansoun, redare # and vicare of Striviling, concerning the tyme of entrie and af leving of # the salmond fisching

in the water of Forthe, and uptaking of maillis and unlawes at # the fischeris entrie thairto, and certane uther abuses in the said water, as # the supplicatione beiris; the said James being personalie present, on the ane # pairt, and William Edmond and Robert Robertsoun als Tennent, watter baillies of # the said watter, siclyke personalie present, on the uther pairte, the # prouest, baillies and counsall, convenit, being weill and ryplie advyset with the # said supplicatione, findis and declaires that the saidis watter baillies hes done # wrang in nocht suffering the fischeares of the said watter frelie to # haif enterit to the said fisching this last yeir at the ordiner tyme prescrivit # thairto be the act of parliament, viz., at Andersmes the last day of # November last bipast, and thairfoir ordinis the saidis watter baillies, now # present and tocum, to suffer and permit the saidis fischeares frelie to enter to # the said salmond fisching in all tyme cuming yeirlie at the said day callit # Andersmes day, but payment of ony maill or dewtie to the said watter baillies; and # ordinis the saidis watter baillies present and tocum to discharg and stay # all fischeares within the tounes fredome fra all furder fisching yeirlie with # the fiftene day of August, callit of ald the Assumptioun of our Ladie, under the # panes contenit in the actis of parliament; and ordinis the saidis watter # baillies present and tocum to do thair exact diligence yeirlie in putting of our # Soverane lordis actis of parliament concerning the Settirdayis slope, and # remanent actis quhatsumever anent the libertie of the said fisching to dew executione, # under the panes thairin contenit; and declaires that the jurisdictioun # of the saidis watter baillies present and tocum owir the saidis fischares is nor # salbe na farder extendit owir thame bot to caus thame keip count and plaint gif they be # requiret thairto allanerlie. [} [\18 JULY 1603.\] }] Johne Murray of Touchadam, provest, [\bailies and council\] # , Duncan Patersoun, Andro Cowane, merchandis, and Johnne Henrysoun, baxter, ald # convenare, being convenit in the counsalhous of the said burgh, entrating # upoun the common effaires thairof, all in ane voce, voited, concludit and # ordinit, that with all possible and convenient diligence thair salbe ane taxatione # and stent of the

soume of aucht hundrethe merkis money for making and biging of # ane peir and bulwark to the schoir and heavin of this burgh, upliftit of # the haill inhabitantis thairof. [} [\19 JULY 1603.\] }] James Gairdner, burges of the said burgh, for the love and # favour quhilk he hes and beiris to the commoun weill of this burgh, # [\renounced the exemption purchased or granted to him and consented from thenceforth to # be\] stentit with the remanent nychtbouris of this burgh, according to his # rank, qualitie and trade, ... for making, beiting, mending and uphalding of # the peir, bulwark, kirk, portes, wallis, brig, and commoun calsayis of # this burgh, and for the help and intertenement of the ministrie, hospitell, and # scules of this burgh. [} [\9 SEPTEMBER 1603.\] }] The baillies and counsall, convenit, ordinis the haill # strainger pure presentlie within this burgh to be removit furth thairof upoun Fryday # nixtocum, and to be haldin furth of the toun induring the kirkis and # counsallis will, and for this effect ordinis tua watchmen to be conducet and fiet, # ane be the kirk and ane uther be the toun, for outkeping of the said pure during # the said space. Ordinis the brig porte to be locket nychtlie at ten houris, # and the keyes thairof to be brocht oulklie to ane bailyie. [} [\19 SEPTEMBER 1603.\] }] The baillies and counsall, convenit, ordinis fra this furthe # the barres yett, burrow mylne, the plane treis, and Balnabrecht, to be daylie # keipt and attendit on be the nychtbouris and inhabitantes of this burgh as # followis, viz., tua at the barres yett, tua at the burrow mylne, ane at the plane treis, # and ane at Balnabrecht; and that na straingeris be sufferit to haif acces # or entrie at the saidis passages, without sufficient testimonialles, and this # ordour to be quarterlie kepit throuch the haill toun, begynnand at the first quarter. [} [\9 OCTOBER 1603.\] }] The provest, baillies and counsall of this burgh, at request # of my lord provest, and haifing consideratione of the extraordiner grite # and wechtie effaires that ar liklie to fall out and occur within this burgh # this yeir tocum, hes thairfoir electit and chosin Umphra Cunyngham, vicare of # Kilmacolme, and Anthone Bruce, portioner of Levelandis, in extraordinare # persones of the

counsall of this burgh for this yeir tocum, but prejudice of # the tounes libertie and custome of electioun in tyme cuming. Lykeas the saidis # provest, baillies and counsall, at desyre of the deacones of craftis of this # burgh, hes grantit uther tua persones to be extraordinare counsallouris for this # yeir tocum, quhome the saidis deacones sall nominat and present the nixt # counsall day, but prejudice likewyis of thair libertie and custoume of # electioun in tyme cuming. The provest, baillies and counsall, hes voted and ordinit # Johnne Ker, tailyeour, Johnne Harte, Thomas Thomesoun, cordiner, Andro # Richartsoun, wricht, Mareon Graham, relict of umquhile Robert Scott, # tailyeour, and Christian Ker, dochter of umquhile Robert Ker, merchand, burges of this # burgh, to be all placet in the hospitell of this burgh for thair lyftymes; # and the saidis Christiane Ker and Mareon Graham, ilk ane of thame, to haif # half levrey. [} [\24 OCTOBER 1603.\] }] In presens of the provest, baillies and counsall, of this # burgh, convenit for the tyme, it wes voited, concludit and ordinit, that with # all possible diligence, thair salbe ane lichter boitt provydit to the heavin and schoir # of this burgh, and for that effect apointis James Schort to aggrie with # ane wricht thair foir, and the toun to relieve him thairof. Sett to Williame Stanehope in Salt Prestoun and Johnne # Stanehope, his brother, the custome new and auld, with the anchorage and # schoir silver, of all tymber cuttit and to be cuttit be thame in Murrayes wode # this yeir bigane and thir foure yeiris to cum, with the haill bark and beuche # thairof, and farder salang as it salhappin the said wode to be in cutting and # quhilk salhappin to be transportet and cariit be thame throw this burgh to the # schoir thairof, for payment [\of 100 merks\] . [} [\18 NOVEMBER 1603.\] }] The provest, baillies and counsall of this burgh, ordinis # fra this furth na inhabitant within this burgh present thair maill cheildrene, of # quhatsoever age they be of, to ony uther scole within this burgh uther nor # to the grammer scole thairof, presentlie teachit be maister Alexander Yule, # maister of the same, bot that all the saidis maill cheildrene be presentit fra # this furth to the said maister Alexander Yule for the better florishing of the # said grammer scole induring the counsallis will; and for the bettir executione of # this act, James

Duncansoun and Nicoll Murdoch, now teacheris of the Ingles # scolles, being personallie present, become actit and oblest of thair awin # consentis fra this furth to ressave na kynd of maill childrene, nather tounes # bairnes nor utheris, within thair scoles, ilk ane of thame under the pane of ten # pundis to be unforgevin, and farder to haif thair scole durris staiket up. [} [\12 MARCH 1604.\] }] The provest, baillies and counsall, convenit, findis gude # that the schollares laft in the kirk be reformed and inlarged at the sicht of the # minister and sic eldares of the kirk as he craves to be adjoyned to him. Findis gude and ordinis ane lofte to be maid betuix the # laird of Gardenes lofte and my lord Cambuskennethes lofte; and, with consent of # my lord Cambuskenneth, ordines ane dur to be putt furth throw his loft to the said new lofte, provyding the expenssis thairof be defrayed be the # provest and baillies of thair reddiest unlawes. The provest, baillies and counsall, convenit, haifing # ressavit of befoir fra James Kinros of Kippenros, in name and behalf of the richt # honorabill Sir William Edmond, colonell of the Scottis regiment in the law # cuntreis the soume of fyve hundreth pundis Scottis, deduceand thairof the # soume of aucht pundis iij s. iiij d., and that in the spacies of gold and # obligatiounis underwrittin, that is to say, [\57 half nobles and "aucht haill Utrik # nobles," - +L304 3s. 4d.; an obligation by Robert Edmond, merchant, burges # of Stirling, +L159; in the hands of Christopher Porterfeild, +L28 13s. 4d.; # making in all +L491 16s. 8d.\] Mair, ressavit fra him ane obligatione granted # be Sir James Sandelandis of Slamannan, knycht, ... ane hundreth and fiftie # gudlingis, at tuentie stures the gudling. Quhilkis soumes of money # particularlie abone specifiit the said Sir William Edmond haiffing dedicat to the # pure of this burgh, for the manifold merceis of God bestowit on him, it # pleasit him laitlie, in the moneth of November last bipast, to direct and send to ws # with umquhile Johnne Portuous the foirnamit first soume of five hundreth # pundis, with the said Sir James Sandelandis obligatione of ane hundreth and # fiftie gudlingis foirsaid; and the said Johnne of quhat mynd we knaw nocht, # haifing conceillit fra ws the foirnamit soume and obligatione, with the said Sir # Williames missive lettre direct to ws thairanent, be the space of ane # moneth and mair or thairby eftir his arryving thairwith in this cuntrie, quhill # thaireftir at the

plesour or God he tuik seiknes and depairtit this lyff, but ony # significatione maid be him to ws thairof, sua that, be providence of God, gif # James Kinros, elder of Kippenros, had nocht instantlie the tyme of the said # umquhile Johnnes deceis, or immediatlie thairefter, upoun sum # informatione maid to him be thame that wer in cumpanie with the said umquhile Johnne # the tyme of his hame cuming in presens of his awin brother and utheris # quha wer present for the tyme, had nocht apprehendit under the said # Johnes bedsyde ane purs with the haill gold abonespecifiit thairintill, and # the tua obligationes foirsaidis, with the missive lettre direct to ws thairanent, as # the said James Kinros hes declairit to ws upoun his honour, quhilk we notifie # to the said Sir William and all utheris quhome it effeiris ... Lykeas we the # saidis provest, baillies and counsall, being glaidlie movit with the # said Sir Williame Edmondis maist loving and cheritable dealing toward ws, quhome # utherwyis be his valorous lyf he hes sa heichlie honorit and advancit, # that of the lyke nor na uthir birthe few or nane heis heirtofoir preceidit, # gevis thairfoir to him maist hairtlie thankis and wishes that God wald continew and # multiplie his blessingis on him. Lykeas, with all convenient diligence, we # faithfullie promitt to bestow and wair the foirnamit soumes of money upon the # particulare use destinat and apointit thairto be the said Sir William conforme # to his missive lettre direct to ws thairanent and informatione sent be him to # Archibald Allane, thesaurare, for that effect. [} [\19 MARCH 1604.\] }] The provest, baillies and counsall, convenit, findis gude # and concludes that for the bettir biging of the schoir and peir of this burgh # thair salbe ane lichter boitt provydet and coft for careing of stanes and uther # materiallis thairto, and committis the bying and provisioun of the said # boitt to James Schorte, baillie, and Duncan Patersone, deane of gild, and # assignis to thame for that effect [\300 merks of fore maill to be paid for the grass # of the Brighauch for three years, with 112 merks to be paid for the anchorage and shore maill\] . [} [\16 APRIL 1604.\] }] [\The dean of guild on behalf of the guild brethern, and # deacon convener on behalf of the craftismen, submitted themselves to the # provost and bailies\] anent the devyding and pairting of the tuentie tua stand of # armour quhilkis ar to be sauld and dispersit amangis the inhabitantis of this # burgh.

Apointis Duncan Paterson and Archibald Smyth commissioneris # for St. Johnestoun to ressave the threttie ane stand of armour quhilk # the toun hes componit for with Johnne Jamesoun, factour to Sir Michaell # Balfour of Burlie, knicht, and to do with him thairanent as they sall think # expedient. [} [\2 MAY 1604.\] }] It is statut and ordenit that, becaus of the present # infectioun of Edinburgh in the pest and plaig, and for bettir keiping of this burgh, # gif it pleis God, that the portis and wthir comoun placis of this burgh be # keipit be the nychtbouris, and that na inhabitantis of this burgh resaif in # thair hous na persone nor personis, wagaboundis, nor na maner of persone # quhill first thai cum to the bailye of the quarter, wnder the pane of deid; and # that the drum gang throw the town and mak intimatioun heirof; and that na # inhabitant within this burgh pas fra this furth to Edinburgh without # licence, and that na persone within this burgh pres or presume to cum in to the # said burgh att ony pairt thairof bott att the portis onlie; and also that # all nychtbouris repair and mend thair yard heidis and bak yettis, to the effect # that na persone cum ouir or in thairatt. William Huttoun, cuik, for streking of Johne Brown, officer, # in presens of William Ednem, bailye, is ordenit be the haill counsall to # be banist this burgh, and gif he entir in the samin at ony tym heireftir # without licence, for the first to be scurgitt, and thaireftir gif he entir agane # eftir he be scurgit, to be hangitt; and dischargis all inhabitantis within the said # burgh to resaif him in thair housis, or intertein him thairin att ony tym, under # the pane of ten li.; and that intimatioun be made heirof be the drum ganging throw # the town; and thai that hes nocht ten pundis to pey, or is nocht worth # the said unlaw, to be scurgitt; to the quhilk he consentit be cumin in thair will. [} [\1 JUNE 1604.\] }] The provest, baillies and counsall, convenit, ordinis # Archibald Allane, thesaurare, this same day to ryde toward Glasgw, and thair to # try thair estaitt anent the plaigue, and to reporte the same the morne. The provest, baillies and counsall, findis gude and # concludes that the furde at the bak of the abbay and besyd the blak willy be red # and clenget of the stanes that lyis thairintill and stopes the passage of the # same, and this to

be done upoun the help of the haill nychtbouris and # inhabitantis of this burgh; and apointes James Short and Duncane Patersoun to be seares of # the wark and furnessouris of warklomes thairto upoun the tounes # expenssis. [} [\4 JUNE 1604.\] }] For bettir ordour to be keipit within this burgh during the # tym of this present plaigue, it is ordinit that quarter maisteris [{be{] # joyned to the baillies, and for that effect hes chosin [\four persons for each of the # four quarters\] ; quhilkis persones abone writtin the counsall makes and # constitutes baillies in that pairte for checking of the ordiner watches and causing of # thame to attend on thair charges, and for ressaving of testimoniallis and # debarring of all suspect persones fra entres within this burgh, and for visiting the # haill nychtbouris in the tyme of seiknes or suspicione of seiknes; with power to # the saidis quarter maisteris to inclose and putt furth at thair plesour, # and to do all uther thingis requisite for ane gude and substantious ordour to be # keipit and usit during the tym of this present plaigue. [} [\18 JUNE 1604.\] }] Nominates and apointis Duncane Patersone, deane of gild, # commissioner to pas to Edinburgh, with power to present to the provest # [{and{] baillies thairof the missive lettre to be penned anent the contraversie betuix # the toun and thame. [} [\16 JULY 1604.\] }] The provest, baillies and counsall, convenit, statutes and # ordines that fra this furth na inhabitant of this burghe tak upoun hand to # resorte and travell toward the burgh of Edinburgh, Cannogait, Leyth, Dalkeyth, nor # na uther suspect place, but leve of the provest and baillies or ony tua # of thame, the provest being always ane, under the pane of tuentie pundis, and # to be debarred fra all acces within the toun at thair returne; and that the # portmen and kepares ressave nor admitt nane within thair portis cummand fra # ony suspect place, under the said pane, unles the provest and baillies be # first advertesett. James Schort, baillie, commissioner to the lait conventioun # of burrowes, and Johnne Williamson, clerk, commissioner to the parliament, # for report of the effares done in the said parliament and conventioun, # declairit that for the outreiking of commissioneris for the parte of burrowes to # England, to the nomber

of sevin persones, for entreatting in the mater of the unioun, # the burrowes hes voluntarlie consentit and aggreit to ane taxatioun of the # soume of sextene thousand merkes, to be upliftit of the haill burrowes conform # to the stent roll betwix this and the fift day of August nixtocum; for quhilk # effect the provest, baillies and counsall, convenit, ordinis ane tax roll to be # maid of that pairte of the said taxatione, extending to the soume of tua hundreth and # thrie scoir pundis, tharof the merchandis the ane half, but prejudice of # thair ald libertie, and the craftismen and (\omnigaddrum\) the uther half. [} [\17 DECEMBER 1604.\] }] It is ordinit be the provest, baillies and counsall, # convenit, that fra this furth in all tyme cuming thair salbe joyned, yeirlie, to the # counsall of this burgh, tua of the ald merchand bailleis, and tua of the # (\omnigaddrum\) , as extraordiner persones of counsall, conforme to use and wount; # and thairfoir, of the (\omnigaddrum\) this yeir they haif electit and chosin # Johne Cunynghame and Andro Kilbowie; and ordinis the deane of gild to present # tua ald baillies the nixt counsall day. [} [\21 JANUARY 1605.\] }] The counsall committis the charge and oursicht of the # lichter to James Schorte for this yeir to cum, and modifeis the fraucht of hir # to Alloway and Airth, be fremen to xlvj s. viij d., and be straingeris to iij # li. vj s. viij d.; to the paittis, be fremen, xxvj s. viij d., and be straingeris xl # s.; and that by the mennis wages that sall labour and roll; to the bak of the # abbay, be fremen xxvj s. viij d., and be straingeres xl s.; by the wark mennis # wages, to be payed be thame that sall employ the lichter. [} [\4 FEBRUARY 1605.\] }] The provest, baillies and counsall, convenit, haifing # consideratione of the grite charges and expenssis that ar yit requisite to the # perfyting of the schoir and peir of this burgh, and how unable the toun is to # sustene and do the same without supporte and help be tymouslie provydit # tharto, thairfoir it is statute and ordinit that the schoir maill and anchorage # of this burgh be sett for the space of tuentie ane yeiris for foir # maill to be payed thairfoir in hand, to be employed on the said schoir as the # counsall sall apoint.

Ordinis Archibald Allane, thesaurer, to lay to materiallis # of stane, tymber, lyme and sand, to the almoushous in the heid of the Bak Raw, # quhilk salbe allowit to him in the first end of his intromissioun with the # silver destinat and apointit thairto be Colonell Edmond. [} [\22 APRIL 1605.\] }] Ordanes that everie persone that enteris to the libertie and # fredome of ane burges and gild of this burgh fra this furth sall pay to the # thesaurare the soume of lx li., and siclyk that everie persone that enteris to the # libertie and fredome of ane nychtbour and burges, nocht being ane nychtbouris sone, # sall pay the soume of viij li. [} [\3 MAY 1605.\] }] The baillies, counsall and deacones of craft, convenit, # ordinis fra this furthe the brig porte to be daylie keipit and watchet for the bettir # preservatione of the toun fra this feirfull plaig of pest quhairwith sindrie # pairtes of Fyff ar now, at the plesour of God, infectit, and that tua keipares be # putt to the said porte quarterlie throw the haill toun, to begin at the north # eist quarter; and ordinis publicatione to be maid heirof be the drum or bell that # nane be sufferit to haif entres at the said brig porte cuming fra Sanctandrois, # Seres, Kirkaldy, Kinghorne, and Torryburne; and ordinis all strainger pure to be # putt and haldin af the toun. [} [\27 MAY 1605.\] }] The proveist, baillies and counsall, convenit, ratifies and # appreves the act and ordinance of the sessioun of the kirk anent the breking of # the flure in the eist end of the kirk for buriall of ony corpes thairintill, # quhairby it is provydet that in cais ony persoun will presume obstinatlie to do in the # contrair, they sall pay (\ad pios vsus\) , befoir the breking of the eirthe, the # soume of fourtie pundis money; and ordinis the said act to be observit and keipit in # all tyme cuming. It is statute and ordinit that, heireftir, na banisched # persoun be resett nor reponit to thair libertie agane within this burghe unto the # tyme licence be had of the provest, baillies and counsall thairto, gif the banischment # be for a civill caus, and of the sessioun of the kirk gif it be for ony caus # belangand to thair discipline. It is statute and ordinit that fra this furthe na inhabitant # within this burgh tak upoun hand to by in grite and tap out in small ony tymber, # victuell, viveres, or uther unstaple waires that salhappin to cum be sey upoun # aventure seikand mercatt to the schoir of this burgh, or to ony pairte abone the # Rudder brig.

[} [\21 OCTOBER 1605.\] }] Ordeanes Archibald Allane, thesaurare, to pay yeirlie to # Moses Fergussoun, in feall, for uptaking of the psalmes within the kirk of this # burgh, the soume of fourtie pundis yeirlie. [} [\4 APRIL 1606.\] }] The baillies and counsall, convenit, allowes and approves # James Schorte, maister of wark to the shoir, in his discharge of the said wark # sa far as yit is proceidit thairintill; and gif ony nychtbour traduce and # sclander the said James of the neglect of ony point of the said wark in contrair # the tennour of this his approbatione thairof foirsaid, the persone, traducer # and sclanderare of him, sall pay for the first falt fyve pundis, and for the # secund falt ten pundis, and utherwyis wardit and punishit in thair persones at the will # of the counsall; and ordinis publicatione to be maid heirof be bell or drum that # nane pretend ignorance thairof. [} [\23 JUNE 1606.\] }] The provest, baillies and counsall, convenit, statutes and # ordinis for the bettir reparatione of the shoir, that thair be aucht serving # men or wemane daylie and ilk day sent to the schoir be the inhabitantis of # this burgh, as they salbe warnit be the baillie of thair quarter, for bering of red # as the maister of wark sall direct to thame; and gif ony nychtbour refuis to send # ane servand, being requirit, ordinis fyve shillingis to be poyndit that # thairwith ane uther may be feit in thair places; and siclike ordinis ane # gildbrother and ane craftisman to attend ilk ane of thame thair day about on the work of the # shoir, under the pane of ten s. to be poyndit of the dean of gild and # convener for the contravener. [} [\4 AUGUST 1606.\] }] Nominates and apointes James Short [\and five others\] to # visit the ile called Patersones ile, and to report thair advyse how the kirk # foiranent the said ile salbe theikit, and to meitt this day and to reporte on # Fryday nixtocum. Ordinis Archibald Allane, thesaurare, to borrow tua hundreth # pundis on proffite, quhill Mertimes nixtocum, to sett fordwart the wark # of the almoushous. [} [\16 OCTOBER 1606.\] }] The saidis provest, balyeis and counsall, band and obleist # tham and thair successouris to warrand, relief, and keip skaithles Archibald # Allane, thair

thesaurer, of the sowm of xlviij li. money for the price of # j=e= daillis bocht att thair command fra Georg Norvell and Alexander Patersoun, tobe # lugis to thair diseisit and seik personis in the Brighauch, in the present # visitatioun. [} [\30 JANUARY 1607.\] }] The provest, baillies and counsall, convenit, ordinis the # haill effaires that salhappin fra this furth to be intreated in counsall to be # inrollit and callit be the roll ordourlie as it salbe left att, begynnand at the # effaires of the kirk and Goddis service, thaireftir of the toun, and last at sic # particulares as sall occur. Ordinis the baillie of ilk quarter agane the nixt counsall # day to visite thair quarteris and to tak up ane cathologe of all the persones # quhais houssis hes bene infectit of this visitatione of the pest, with the # nomber of the persones deceissit and of thame quha hes mendit of that seiknes, that # ordour may be tane thairwithe. [} [\9 FEBRUARY 1607.\] }] In presens of the provest and baillies and counsall, # convenit, thair is producet be ilk baillie a roll of all persones deceissit in his awin # quarter in this last visitatione of pest, to the number of sex hundreth # [\blanco\] persones in the haill, by and attour the number of [\blanco\] persones quha # amendit and convalessit of the seiknes. [} [\14 FEBRUARY 1607.\] }] Ordinis the haill clengeares, except James Broun, to be # clenget and send hame, and ordinis the thesaurer to gif thame drink silver at # the provest and baillies discretione. Johnne Williamsone is suorne in the office of clerkship for # this yeir tocum, as use is, and the counsall ratifies all thingis that he hes # done sen the tym of his last admissioun. [} [\13 FEBRUARY 1607.\] }] The baillies and counsall, convenit, haifing consideratione # of the grete desolatione of this burghe this yeir bigane be resson of the # pest, quhairthrow thair hes bene litell or na tred within the samyn during the # tyme of the said seiknes, thairfoir defalkis and discharges to the takismen of # the tounes customes and rentis underwrittin as eftir followis, [to the executouris # of umquhile Janet Neilsoun, of the peckis sett for +L45, +L11, 9s. 2 d.; to # Archibald Smythe, for the gait dichtingis sett for 140 merks, 60 merks; to the # executouris of

umquhile Johne Young, for the fische skemmillis sett for +L6, # 30s.; to George Aikman and Johne Crawfurde, for the small customes sett for +L120, +L40] [^EDITOR'S BRACKETS^] ... [} [\20 FEBRUARY 1607.\] }] The baillies and counsall, convenit, statutes and ordinis # that in tyme cuming the burges and fyne of extranear burgessis salbe sextene # pundis, but ony downgeving; and burges bairnes to pay conforme to the last # act, viz., foure pundis. [} [\9 MARCH 1607.\] }] Laurence Thomsoun, George Cairnes, David Wilsoun, Patrik # Alexander, and William Robertsoun, baxteris, become in the counsallis will # for inquieting the toun on Fryday last at nicht, be moking of the buriallis of # thame quha deit of the pest, in hie contempt of God. [} [\20 MARCH 1607.\] }] The baillies and counsall, convenit, declaires thair will on # Laurence Thomsoun, baxter, and his complices as followis, viz., that on ane # mercatt day the said Laurence salbe cariet in ane sled throw the toun, beir # futtit and beir heidit, with ane quhite sark on him and ane paper on his heid # beiring the caus of his punishment, and the rest of his complices to gang # beir futtit and beir heidit throw the toun, and thaireftir to be brocht and # bund at the croce, to stand thair during the baillies will. William Donaldsoun confessit that on Mononday last, the # sextene day of Marche instant, he dispersonit Johnne Scherare, baillie, in his # office, saying gif he war out of his bailliarie he sould haif said mair to # him; and being charget and committet to waird thairfoir, confessit that he # brak waird and eshepit furth of the tolbuth, and thaireftir being commandit to # wairde agane be Archibald Smyth, bailly, disobeyit and withstud him in his # office, drew and myntet ane suord to him, and preissit to haif eshepit furth of # his handis, and gaif him mony injurous wordis; for the quhilkis offences he # becomes in the provest, baillies, and counsallis will; quha being advyset # thairwith be thair will declaires and ordinis the said William Donaldsoun to be putt # thairfoir in the irones, and thaireftir to be kepit in fast waird on breid and # watter induring the provest and baillies will, and ay and quhill they find him # penitent for his offences, and to pay to the commoun wark of the toun the soume # of fourtie

pundis, and at his releif out of wairde sall find caution never # to committ trublance agane within this burgh, under the pane of ane # hundreth pundis for the first falt and the nixt falt, and for the nixt falt to be # banishet the toun, and to seik the saidis tua bailleis forgivenes at the croce. [} [\23 MARCH 1607.\] }] The baillies and counsall convenit, ordinis fra this furth, # ilk officiar his xv dayes about, to keip the keyes of the tolbuith, and to be # ansuerable during that space for the saidis keyes, and to suffer nane to haif acces to # the wairderis but leve of the baillies, under the pane of deprivatione of the # saidis officiares of thair offices. [} [\6 APRIL 1607.\] }] The provest, baillies and counsall, convenit, haifing # consideratione of the grite panes and travellis tane be maister Patrik Symsone in his # office of ministrie in the kirk of God within this burgh thir [\blanco\] # yeiris bygane, and that the said maister Patrik throw his extraordiner panes and # travellis is now becum unable him allane to discharge the cure of his said # ministrie, and the said provest, baillies and counsall, being weill pleaset and # satisfyt with the literature, knawleg, and giftis of maister Robert Mure, thinkes # him meitt and able to serve in the office of a secund minister of this # burghe, desyres thairfoir the said maister Patrik Symsoun to travell and deale with the # said maister Robert Mure, quhairby he may be inducet to accept on him the # said ministrie, and for that effect to offir to him in the tounes # name ane stipend of tua hundreth pundis yeirlie. Discharges Archibald Soirlie and Andro Fergussoun, # officiares, of thair saidis offices, and of all farder using thairof in tyme cuming, # and ordinis thame to be putt in the irones to remane thairin dureing the provest # and baillies willis, and that for the wrang and injurie done be thame to maister # Johnne Aissoun, minister, in wairding of him but command or directioun of the # magistrattis. [} [\1 MAY 1607.\] }] The baillies, counsall and deacones of craftis of this # burgh, being convenit in the tolbuith thairof to entreate upoun the commoun effaires # of the same, and considering that it being the gude will and plesour of God # laitlie to visite this burgh with the feirfull seiknes and contagioun of pest, the # cours quhairof began

sa violent that, for stanching the same, the provest, baillies, # and counsall of this burgh for the tyme, wer forcett to send for ane grite number of # clengeares furth of the pairtes of Edinburgh, Linlythqw and Leyth, with quhome # conditione and pactioun was maid that for thair travellis they sould haif had # ane certane grite soume of money, quhairof as yit they haif gottin nor can get na # payment; and thairwith considering the grite soumes of money quhairintill # the thesaurare of this burgh is superexpendit of the commoun rent thairof in # furnessing of ludges, elding to the caldrones, and uther materiallis necessar to the # clengeing, besyde the grite expenssis disbursit be him in susteining ane grite # number of pure, baithe within and without the toun in the hauche; and knawing # na bettir nor uther meane how to releif and defray the saidis grite chargis # and expenssis nor be uplifting ane stent of the soume of money underwrittin; # thairfoir the saidis baillies, counsall, and deacones of craft of this # burghe, representing the haill commounitie, all in ane voce, votes, concludis and # ordinis for relief of the soumes of money abonespecefijt that thair salbe ane stent of # the soume of tua thousand merkis usuall money of Scotland raised and uplifted of # the haill inhabitantes of this burghe betuix the day and dait heirof and the first day # of Junij nixtocum. [} [\20 JULY 1607.\] }] Ordinis the thesaurare to provyde and furnes George # Crawfurde, drummare, and Johnne Forbes, pyper, ilk ane of thame, with breikis and # schankis of ryd stemmyng. [} [\25 SEPTEMBER 1607.\] }] Anent the supplicatione gevin in be maister Alexander Yule, # maister of the grammer scole, makand mentioun that forsamekle as he hes # barganit with Adame Abercrombie for the few of ane of his town landis in # Ireland, the transsumpt of quhais richt and placing sum servandis thair and # accomplishment of uther necesser turnes will craif his awin presens the space # of nyne or ten oulkis thairby, the doctour and pedagoges during this tyme # will hald the bairnes exercesit in leirning the lections of thair authouris # he hes pairtlie alreddie teachet thame, and will farder follow furthe, desyres # thair licence for the said spaice, or farder as his necessitie sall require, # utherwyis it will redound to his grite hurt. The counsall continewis the ansuer of his # supplicatione to the nixt counsall day.

[} [\1 FEBRUARY 1608.\] }] James Finlasoun, of his awin consent, for infirmitie and # disease of bodie, banishes and exyles him self this burgh; and gif he be fund # within the same agane to be scurgit for the first falt and hangit for the nixt # falt, except he obtene the counsallis gude will and licence thairto. [} [\18 APRIL 1608.\] }] Statutes and ordinis that fra this furth the kairteris and # sledmen of this burgh tak na mair for thair cariage fra the shoir nor efter # followis, viz., for ane single dracht of tymber, stanes, and uthir waris, ten d.; for # ane double dracht, tuentie d.; for ane punshoun of wyne, iiij s.; for ane pipe of # sek, x s.; ane pak of mader, x s.; ane les pak vj s. vij d.; ane bun of beir, xvj # d.; ane barrell of Osmond wine, xx d.; and ane leid of lyme and victuall, viij d.; # under the pane of five pund of unlaw, (\toties quoties\) . [} [\30 MAY 1608.\] }] Apointes Christopher Alexander and Johne Williamson # commissioneris to pas to the counsall in Linlythqw, thair to intreate and # deale with thame for sum ease and ordour to be tane anent the raid apointet towardis # the Iles. [} [\6 JUNE 1608.\] }] Apointis Duncan Patersone, den of gild, to beir the townis # ansenyie or standart on the xiiij day of Junij instant, quhilk is the # wapinschawin day; and the nixt wapinschawin day, quhen it hapinis, the berer of the # said ansenyie to be siclyk chosin be the counsall, in all yeiris cuming. [} [\27 JUNE 1608.\] }] The provest, baillies, and counsall of this burghe, haifing # consideratioune that thair is sindrie persones, induellares of this burgh, quha # sittis up, under cloude of nicht, drinking and playing in uther mennis houssis # and disabusing thame selfis, to the offence of God and evill exemple of # nychtbouris; thairfoir it is statut and ordinit that na person nor personis, # induellaris within this burgh, nor utheris resorting thairto, tak upoun hand fra this # furthe to sit up drinking or playing or walking on the strettis eftir ten houris # at evin. Nather yet, in thair communicationes, that they tak upoun hand to # calumniate, traduce or dispersone ony of the magistrattis, or speake unreverentlie # of thame,

under the pane of fourtie pundis (\toties quoties\) . And that # na browstare, oystlare, nor ventare or wyne or meitt, sell ather drink or # meitt, nor ressait ony persone within thair houssis after the said hour, under the # pane foirsaid. William Young, notare, become in will for dispersoning of # Johnne Scherare, baillie, in calling him base borne swyngour; and # thairfoir the provest, baillies and counsall, ordinnis him to remane in waird # quhill Thuresday nixtocum efter the sermone, and thaireftir to cum to the croce # on his kneis and seik the said baillies forgivenes; and gif evir he do # the lyke to the magistrates of this burgh he salbe banishet this burgh for # evir, of his awin consent. [^EXTRACTS FROM THE COUNCIL REGISTER OF THE BURGH OF ABERDEEN. 1570-1625. VOL. II. SPALDING CLUB, 19. ABERDEEN 1848. SAMPLE 1: PP. 67.1-82.3 SAMPLE 2: PP. 353.12-363.6 SAMPLE 3: PP. 366.20-368.36^]

[}31ST MARCH, 1590.}] The said day, the prouest, ballies, and the persones of the # consale followin, to wit, &c., electit, nominat, and chosit, and votit # for the maist pairt, Johnne Collesoune, balle, to pas with the schip of this # burght, appoyntit and makand reddie to pas to the pairtis of Denmark, # for convoying and hame bringing of his hieness and the quene, # his darrest bedfellow in this realme, to haiff the governement, and # rewell, and commandement of the said schip and cumpanie thairof, and # that Dauid Indeaucht sall pas witht him in the said schip to gif him # his aduyse, and to oursie the viuaris and all uther necessaris, # that thai be nocht on profitebly bestowit nor devastit, and that thair # charges resonable be maid and giffin be the sicht and consideratioun of the # prouest, ballies, and consale, of the stent and taxatioun presentlie sett and # imposit upoun the inhabitantis of this burght, for furthtrigging and # furnesing of the said schip, and the said Jon to have ane hundretht pundis to by his # garmontht. [}6TH APRIL, 1590.}] The said day, the ballies and persones of the consale aboun # wretin, statut and ordanit Maister Thomas Mengzes of Durne, prouest, # havar and keipar of the pece of artelyerie callit The Falcon, # pertenying to this burght, to delyeur the samen to Williame Measson, skipper of # the schip of this burght callit the Nicolas, presentlie bound towardis # the partis of Denmark, for convoying and hambringing of his hienes and the # quene grace within this realme, to be imput on the said schip for hir # defence and decoratioun, becaus thair is na ma peces of munitioun belanging # to this burght, ganand for the said schip, bot sic as ar borrowit fra # the awnaris of the schippis callit the James and Androw, as the act maid # thairon this day proportis. [}27TH APRIL, 1590.}] The said daye, the prouest, baillies, and consall, with # consent and assent of the communitie of the said burghe, convenit this day # in thair heid court, deuysit, statute, and ordanit, ane wapinschaw of # the haill inhabitantis of this burght, to be on Tuysdaye the feyft of May # nixt to cum, according to his Maiesties act of parliament maid anent # wapinschawis, making tuyse ilk yeir, and to that effect ordanit the haill inhabitantis of this burght, als weill onfre as fre, fensabill # and able

persones, to assembill and convene thame selfis in thair best # armour and aray, with hagbut, spear, jack, knappiskaw, and vtheris # wapins bellical, in the Linx of the said burght, vpon the said fyft # day of Maij, at ten houres befoir nowne, with thair magistratis, ilk # persoun, inhabitant of this burght of aige and abill to bear armour, being absent # the said daye, vnder the paine of [\BLANK\] [}14TH OCTOBER, 1590.}] The said day, the haill toun being lauchtfullie warnit to # this day, baytht frie and onfrie, &c., it was exponit to thame be Alexander # Cullen, prouest, that his majestie had directit charges and lettres charging the # haill inhabitantis and his graces lieges within the shireffdomes of Forfar, # Kincardin, Aberdene, and Banff, to pas fordwart and accumpany the Erll # Merschall, his Graces commissiounar in that part, to Deir, for recoverye # of the hows of Deir, presentlie taken and withhaldin be Mr. Robert # Keytht and his complices, under the pane of tynsell of lyves, landis, and # gudis, as in the saidis lettres red in judgement, of the dait at # Halyraidhous, the xxvi. day of September last bypast, at mair lynth is contenit, # desyring of thame to knaw gif thay wald obey his maiesties charge thairanent, or # giff thai wald be content to furneiss out ane number for the haill # inhabitantis of this burght with hagbuttis, to pas witht the said Erll to the # effect foirsaid, as the borrowis of Dundie, Montroiss, Brechin, and Forfar, # subiect to the said proclamatioun and charge hes done, giff the said # Erll wald be thairwith content, quha being convenit as said is, for # obedience to the said charge, thocht it maist meit and expedient that the number # of fourtie suld be sent furtht for this burght, hagbuttaris furnessit be # the haill inhabitantis, thrie, four, fywe or twa, to furneiss ane hagbuttar as salbe appoyntit be the discretioun of prouest and ballies according # to the habiliteis of the furnesaris, giff the said Erll Merschaill, commissionar # to his maiestie, will be thairwitht content, rather nor the haill # inhabitantis of this burght to pas fordwart. [}26TH NOVEMBER, 1590.}] Item, the grass of the linkis was rowpit and sett to Johnne # Dauidsone, merchant, for the sowme of ten markis sex s. aucht d., fra the # day and dait heirof, quhilk sall be his entrie heirvnto, quhile the # xxv. day of Nouember, anno. j=m= v=c= four scoir and fourtene yeris, kepand # the aird

and shcriff thairof on delvit or cassin vp, and Andro Horne # becum cautioun for payment thairof to the thesaurar, and he obleist # him to releve his said cautionar. Item, the chappell on the Castelhill, to wit, the body # thairof and the gryt loft of the samen, allanerlie, being rowpit, was sett to # Gilbert Blak, elder, cupar, for the sowme of four pundis, fra the day and # dait heiroff, to the xxv. day of November, in the yeir of God, j=m= v=c= four # scoir and fourtene yeiris, quha fand Johne Gray cautioun for payment # thairof to the thesaurer, and he obleist him to releve his cautionair. Item, the grass of the locht was rowpit thairefter, and the # sowme of tuentie pundis threttene s. four d. being offerit theirfor be # Willeam Wedderburne, nane exceding his said offer, the samen was sett # to the said Willeam fra the day and dait heirof, quhilk sall be his # entrie theirvnto, quhill the xxv. day of November nixt to cum, in the yeir of # God, j=m= v=c= four scoir and fourtene yeiris, quha fand Andro Horne # cautionar for him, for payment of the said sowme to the thesaurar, and he # obleist him to releve his cautionar. [}8TH JANUARY, 1590.}] The said day, Robert and Nicoll Jardanis, seruitoris to the # richt honorabill Sir James Creichtone, of Frendracht, war accusit be the denis # of gild in name of the haill toune, for cuming upon the sixt of # this instant wnder clud and sylence of nicht, at aucht houris at ewin, to # John Coupar, command seruand and tavernar to this burght, passing with the # drum at aucht houris at ewin throw the haill streitt of this burght, # trubling of the said Johnne and striking him with suerd being withtin the # skabars on the hed, braking of the drum, and cutting of the same with # quhingeris, in hie and manifest contempt of his majestie, and of the # magistrattis of this burght, comperit the said Robert and Nicoll, and denyit # the said fact and deid, in respect quharof the ballies decernit thame to # purge thame of the said fact and deid be thair aythes, quha refusit to sueir, # quhairfor the same was put to the decisioun of the assyss. [\THERE IS NO JUDGMENT.\] [}18TH JANUARY, 1590.}] The prouest and ballies decernit and ordanit the four # ordinar officeris,

&c., to keip the key of the tolbuith dur and consalhous dur, # ilk ane of thame thair oulk about, and to be ansuirabill for the samen, # and having drawin cuttis quha suld begin first, it fell to the said Dauid # to begyn first, W=m.= Mitchell nixt, Thomas Kellie third, and Thomas Dicksone # fourt. [}15TH FEBRUARY, 1590.}] The said day, the personis of the consall eftir following, # &c., deuysit and ordanit James Settoun, collectour of the kirk annuellis, to # content and pay to George Layng the sowme of saxtene merkis for ane # kist, deuysit and ordanit to be bocht fra him for keiping of the # townis evidentis and of the chartouris and evidentis belanging to the cheplanis # of this burght, &c. [}2ND APRIL, 1591.}] The ballies ordanit the quhyt fischeris induellaris of # Futtie, to be poyndit in tyme cuming, (^ (\toties quoties\) ^) , thay past # nocht to the sey with thair fische boittis for taking of fische to serwe the # inhabitantis of this burght and the kyngis lieges, as oft as thay remane af the sey, # wynd and wedder servand, and that according to the auld ordinances. [}15TH APRIL, 1591.}] The said day, the provest, bailleis, and consale ordanit # Alex. [\BLANK\] to produce and exhibit befoir thame his auld evidentis quhilkis # he hes of the land pertenying to him, lyand without Futties port, to be # sene and considderit be thame quhat service and dewetie the said # Alex=r.= aucht for the same, becaus the same was sett out of auld be this burght # to umquhile Johnne Irving, burges thairoff, for keping of the gettis # passand to the Castellhill and Futtie clene frome all filtht, and that upon # the xxii. day of this instant, with certificatioun and he failzie thay will # proceed according to justice, and ordanis intimatioun to be maid to the said # Alex=r.= heirupoun. [}19TH MAY, 1591.}] The said day, anent the supplicatioun presentit to the # prouest, baillies, and counsell, be Robert Abell, makand mentioun that he is ane # natiwe townis man, borne and gottin within the samen, and now at the # guid pleasour of God is visiet with the seiknes of leprosie, and # theirby onhabill

to wyn his liwing, or frequent honest menis societie: desyring theirfor that he micht be placed in the hospitall hous betuix # the townis, quhilk supplicatioun thay thocht ressonabill, and ordanit # George Straquhyn, baillie, maister of the hospitale of that said burght, to place # him in the said hous, and the counsall admittit him thairto with # speciall permissioun, that it sall not be lesum to the said Robert to # mak ony richt, titel, tak or assedatioun, or dispositioun of the croft # or yard adiacent to the said seik folkis hous, to na maner of persone, # nor sett ony takis thairof lang or schort, and observing sic # enjunctionis as sall be giffin to him be the maister of the said hospitale, quhilk # place, with the corectionis and restrictionis forsaid, the said Robert # acceptit. Robert Abell with my hand. [}8TH JUNE, 1591.}] The said day, the prouest, bailleis, and consall of the # said burght having aduysitlie considderit the horribill and haynous cryme of # incest, committit be Patrik Prat, baxster, with Christen Craik, his # wmquhill wyffis sister dochter, and that the samen in itself is ane sin # sa odious that it procuris the wraith and displeasour of God, to be pured on # that citie and congregatioun quhair the same is committit, except condign # punischement be imouit to the committeris, and that heirtofoir be ressone # the said cryme of incest hes bene rair within this burght and fredome # thairof committit, notourlie knawin sen the professing of Goddis trew ewangell # within the samen, and religioun presentlie professit, and be the lawis # estableschit within this realme thair hes not bene ane ordour of punischment # for the samen sa speciallie devysit as neid requyrit, it was thocht # expedient theirfor, statut and ordanit be the saidis prouest, bailleis, # and consall, in the horrour of the said detestabill sine of incest, and to the # terrour of utheris to committ the lyk in tyme cuming, that the said # Patrick Pratt sall sit thrie seuerall mercat dayis, quhilk sall be on # Setterday, bound to the croce of this burght, in the brankis lockit, haffing ane # crown of paper on his heid, conteining the inscription of the cryme committit # be him, fra ellewin howris afoir noyne to the hour of twelff in the noyne # day, and that on thrie seuerall Sondayis he sall stand in the hairclayth, # bair futtit and bair lygit, at the kirk dur of the said burght, fra the ringing # of the first bell quhill the begynning of the sermone, and to sit at the # pillar of repentance in semmabill maner to the ending of the sermone, and thaireftir

to be exylit and baneist this burght, and never to resort nor # cum within the samen unto the tyme he be embracit be the kirk upon signe # of repentance, notourlie knawin to thame be expresing of the samen in his lyff and conversatioun, and be receawit and admittit be the # prouest, baillies, and counsall of this burght be thair testimoniall, to # haue societie and duelling within the samen, efter that he hawe payit ane # penaltie to the puir, according to the modificatioun of the counsall and # sessioun of the said burght. [}28TH JULY, 1591.}] The said day, the prouest, bailleis, and consale, deuysit # and ordanit Thomas Buk, deane of gild, to ansuir and obey Gilbert Guthrie, # younger, messinger, the sowme of fourtie s. monee for his labouris in # using and executing of his hienes lettres and chargis, purchest at the # instance of the prouest and baillies aganis the commissar of Abirdene, for # usurping of the prouest and bailleis jurisdictioun, and aganis sic # personis of this burght as persewis thair actionis befoir the said commissar, # quhilk sall be allowit to him in his comptis, and to pay to Thomas Kelly # and Thomas Dicksone, tua of the ordinar sergeandis of this burght, # the sowme of xx. s. for thair labouris in passing to the fredome, # to the Erle Merschellis landis adiacent thairto, and their wreisting at the # townis instance the peitts cassin be the said erle and his tenentis # wpon the fredome of this burght. [}8TH NOVEMBER, 1591.}] The said daye, the haill towne being lauchtfullie warnit to # this daye, &c., it was exponit to thame be Alexander Rutherfurd, prouest, # that be verteu of a lait proclamatioun maid publictlie at the mercat # croce of the said burght, the sext day of this instant, in name of George, # Erle of Huntlye, Lord Gordon and Badzenoche, Lieutenant to his Majestie within the north pairtis of Scotland, be north the watter of # Dee, his majesties haill lieges within the haill schyres within the # saidis boundis, as also the inhabitantis of burrowis within the same schyres ar # chargit of new to meitt the said lieutenent and his depute, bodin in # feir of wear with tuentie dayes lone at the Bog of Gicht, upon the xxvii. of # this instant, and theirfra to pas with the said lieutenant and his # depute, [{upon{] Lauchlan Mackintoische, and dyveris wtheris brokin # hieland men,

his majesties rebellis wnder the pane of escheting of all thair # guidis of sic as obeyis nocht the said charge, and the prouest and sum of # the counsall wes crediblie informit be sum of the saidis erlis freyndis that # be sending of fourtie wagit men for this burght for keping of the said # raid, the said lieutenant nor his depute wald na wayis be content, bot sa far # as the said prouest was informit, wald nocht ressawe souldiouris furnessit # be this burght, bot wald hawe the sowme of four hundretht merkis at the # leist, to be payit to him and his depute for the samen, wpon the # quhilk the said lieutenant and his depute wald furneiss wagit men to thame # selff of the south cuntrie, and heirof maid intimatioun to the town, # convenit as said is, desyring thame, being assemblit to this effect, to # prouyd the maist easie remeid for thair awin releiff, and to eschew the perrell # and danger of the said proclamatioun, declaring that quhatsumeuir forme # thay suld tak thairanent, the prouest, bailleis, and counsall suld folow # the samen, and that the town suld pretend na ignorance to the charge, it # wes inquyrit of thame be the said prouest gif thay wald consent to be # stentit for the sowme of four hundreth merkis to be giffin to the said # lieutenant and his depute, to hawe ane discharge of the said raid, and ilk man be # the ordour of the suit roll being votit and inquyrit, the maist pairt # votit that thay wald na wayis grant to be stentit for ony contributioun, or # money to be giffin to the said lieutenant nor his depute, bot that the # fourtie souldiouris appoyntit obefoir to be send and riggit furth for this burgh, # to haue mett the said lieutenant depute at the Bog of Gicht, upone the # xxiii. day of October last bypast, reddy to hawe departit of this burgh for # keping of the said daye, quha had receavit with thair capitan, in pairt # of payment of thair wages, nyne scoir merkis, salbe send for this burght to # keip the xxvii. of this instant, ressaving ilk ane of thame sex merkis in full # contentatioun of thair vages, and war content to be stentit for the sowme of # ane hundreth pundis, quhilk obefoir was ordanit to be giffin out be the # collector of the taxatioun of four hundreth merkis appoyntit for the # souldiouris, to the bischop wpon his supplicatioun. [}14TH APRIL, 1592.}] The said daye, it was aduysitlie considderit quhow that the # wraith and displeasour of the Almichtie God is justlie procurit to fall # wpon this burgh and inhabitantis thairof, for the wickit and ongodlie use # croppin in and our frequentlie usit within the same amang all sortis of pepill, in # blaspheiming

of Goddis holie name, and swering of horribill and execrabill # aythis, theirfor for avoding theirof, folowing the example of wther # reformit congregationis and burghis within this realme, becaus heirtofoir ane ordour of punischement anent the blasphemaris of Goddis name, and # swereris of horribill aythis, hes nocht bene sa speciallie deuysit as neid # requyrit, and for obedience to his majesties actis of parliament maid # theiranent, with consent of the thrie estatis, in the parliament hauldin and # begun at Edinburgh the xxiiii. day of October, the yeir of God one thousand, fyve # hundreth, four scoir and ane yeiris, the haill town, &c., consentit and # agreit but contradictioun, and for ane statute and law, estableschit # the forme and ordour folowing to be heireftir observit within this burgh, be # the haill inhabitantis theirof, for repressing of the said horribill vyce, that ilk # maister of houshald within this burgh, sa oft as he sall happin to fall # in the said vyce, sall pay of penaltie to be aplyit to the use of the puir, # aucht d., and ilk servand four d., quhilk salbe exactit of thame be the # maisteris of houshaldis, and allocat and allowit in thair fie, aucht to thame be thair # maisteris, and this to be extendit als weill to men servandis quha # commonlie dois blaspheme the name of God be execrabill aythis, will not abstene thairfra be exacting of the said penaltie, that thair # maisteris delait thame to the kirk and sessioun, that with thame ordour may # be tackin thairanent as apertenis, ather be publict repentance or # uthervayis as salbe thocht expedient be the kirk and sessioun, and this present act # to extent it self to mennis wyffis and thair bairnis, with quhom the # maisteris of the houshald salbe hauldin to tak ordour that thay may forbeir # sweiring, sall exact of thair wyffis the penaltie of aucht d. as oft as # thay fall, and punische thair barnis be palmeris, and for better executioun of # this act it wes deuysit that ilk maister of houshald sall hawe ane box to put # in the saidis penalteis, according to the custume of wther weill reformit # townis and congregationis, sa sone as possiblie thay may hawe thame. [} (\EODEM DIE.\) }] The said day, the prouest, balleis, and counsall, with # consent of the communitie, wpon complaynt of Gilbert Atholl and Thomas Atholl, # quhyt fischeris in Futtie, aganis Jon Nuckall, Jon Hendersone, # Alex=r.= Nuckall, and W=m.= Cowye, quhyt fischeris their, for the cutting and # destroying of ane lapster nett, maid, sett up, and placed be the said Gilbert # and Thomas Athollis, at the Gray Hoip within the Girdlenes, quhairwith not # onlie

lapsteris bot also partanis and paddillis, with wther sort of # schell fische, was takin, a new ingyne deuysit to that effect, quhilk had # nocht bene wsit obefoir; the saidis Jon Nuckall, Jon Hendersone, Alex=r.= # Nuckall, and W=m.= Cowye, comperand personallie, grantit the samen, and # theirfor war convict and put in amerciament of court, and it was statut and # ordanit that gif thay or ony wther fischeris, ather duelling in Futtie # or Tory, war convict heireftir for doing the lyk, to be banisched this burgh # and fredome theirof, and to be pwneist with all regour, becaus it wes fund # be the counsall and toun convenit, that the samen was ane necessar # ingyne, and profitabill for the commoun weill. [}6TH JANUARY, 1592.}] The said day, Maister Williame Murdo being apprehendit # within this burght be the prouest and bailleis, upone suir # informatioun that he was an mantener of errouris, and ane quha directlie opponit # himself to the trew word of God sinceirlie preichit within this realme, # and in the mercies of God be the lawis and actis of Parliament professit # and estableschit, a blasphemar aganis the ancient Prophetis and Chrystis # Apostlis, and the said Maister Williame being tryit thairanent be the # saidis prouest, bailleis, and ministrie, of this burght, was fund ane # oppin blasphemer aganis the ancient Propheittis and Chrystis # Apostlis, ane quha damnis the haill Auld Testament, except the Ten # Commandimentis; and the New Testament, except the Lordis Prayer; a oppin # railzear aganis the ministrie and treuth preichit, and is sic a # blasphemous heretyk that he can not be sufferit in ane republict; quharfor the said # Maister Willeam is presentlie ordanit to be declairit at the mercat # croce of this burght ane oppin blasphemer of the treuth, mantener of # errouris, and theirfoir decernit and ordanit him to be baneist and exylit # this burgh and fredome theirof, and that he sall na wayis repair, # hant, nor resort theirto, in ony tyme heireftir; certefeing him that gif # he beis apprehendit or fund within this burgh or libertie theirof in # ony tyme cumming, that he sal be brint on the cheik and his luggis cutit, # inhibiting all and sindrie the inhabitantis of this burgh to receave, hous, # herbrye, intertein, beir company, or schaw favour, to the said Maister # Willeam heireftir, wnder the paine of banischement to be incurrit be # sic as sall happin to be fund culpabill of his ressait, intertanement, # giffing of hous, herbrye, or meat or drink to him in tyme cumming.

[}8TH JANUARY, 1592.}] The said day, the prouest, bailleis, and consall, # wnderstanding that the burghis of Edinburgh, Dundye, Perth, and wtheris townis be # south this burgh, perceaving the gryt disordour and confusioun that # presentlie now regnis within the haill realme, trubill and calamiteis # quhairwith the same is presentlie grevit, and cheiflie the persecutioun, # intentit and deuysit to hawe bene put in practeis be the enemies of Chrystis # treu evangel, aganis the ministrie and professouris theirof within # the burrowis, hes for thair awin safetyes caus, and for publict quyetnes # within the saidis burrowis, causit thair townis be nichtlie walkit and # watchit be the citizenis and inhabitantis of the samen, that na disordour # sall enter theirin, na strangearis and extranearis resort and repair # theirto, quheirof the magistrattis of the samen suld nocht be aduerteist and # forsene, and that this burgh is situat in sic ane pairt of the cuntrie, be # itselff alane far distant fra ony wther townis, hes not onlie wpone the # occassionis aboue rehersit, bot lykvayis be resson of the gryt disordour # now within thir north pairtis quhair the barbarous and crewell helandmen # ar brokin lowss, hes wsit gryt crewelteis and rasit hudge hairschippis, # quhilk is ane mater that tuichis this burgh and inhabitantis thairof, # lyand sa neir hand to the hielandis, it being ane oppin toun; for thir # caussis, thocht meit and expedient, deuysit and ordanit, with consent of the # haill toun convenit this day in thair heid court, that this burgh, as the # remanent burrowis be south the samen sall be nichtlie watchit and walkit # during the space that sall be thocht expedient be the prouest, # bailleis, and counsall, the portis thairof maid fast and nichtlie lockit, the # catbandis nichtlie festinit, and that ilk nichtbour and inhabitant of # this burgh sall hawe, keip and wphald thair bak dykis and bak yettis fast and # sufficient, and that the said nichtlie watche sal be of sic a numer of the # inhabitantis thairof as sall be thocht meit and expedient be the baillie of # the quarter, ilk persone, inhabitant of this burgh, being warnit to the # wache to cum theirto to the gaird hous at the tyme appoyntit, in armour, # jack, steil bonat, spair, halbert, or lang gun, and remane for that nicht # in the wache, at sic places of the toune as he sal be appoyntit be the # baillie of the quarter, to [\BLANK\] houris in the morning, and quhasoeuer sal be absent fra the wache, being warnit theirto, or not # remain thereat during the tyme appoyntit, to incur the wnlaw of tuentie s. on # forgiffin.

[}10TH JANUARY, 1592.}] The said daye, the prouest, bailleis, and consall, ordanit # the haill toun, inhabitantis thairof bayth frie and onfrie, to be warnit # be the handbell passand throw the haill rewis of the toun, to compeir # the morne, the xi. of this instant, within the paroche kirk of this # burgh immediatlie eftir the sermone, betuix nyne and ten houris afoir # noyne, to gif thair aythis in presence of thair ministrie and # magistrattis, and to be sworne solemnlie for mantenance of the caus of trew # religioun presentlie professit within this realme according to the actis # of parliament sett doun theiranent, his majesties proclamatioun maid # theirupoun obefoir, and publict band concerning the samen, and to # subscryue the said band, subscryuit be his majestie and sett out in prent, # sic as can subscryue be thame selffis, and sic as can nocht subscryue, to # wphald thair handis, to do and performe the same in presence of the # ministrie, and that upon the present perrell and danger, intendit and # deuysit be the enemies of the treu religioun, to hawe bene execut # aganis the ministrie and professouris of the samen, and to heir and sie # solid ordour sett doun thairanent, as sall be thocht expedient, and as it is # embracit be the burrowis be south, certifeing sic as comperis not to the # effect foirsaid, that thay sall incur the payne of fourtie s. for thair absence, # and be reput and estemit as enemies to the quyetnes of the toun. [}31ST JANUARY, 1592.}] The said day, the prouest, baillies, and consall, electit, # nominat, and chesit Dauid Cargill, to be watter baillie quhill Michaelmes # nixt cummis, quhom thay ordanit to attend wpon the herbrie and schoir of # this burgh, that na channell, stanes, sand, nor any uther thing be cassin # in the trink of the watter, or within the fluid merk, out of schippis, # craris, or bottis, and that the skipperis or awneris of the schippis or craris # cumming to the samen fra the south or north partis of this realme, or fra # any foran cuntreis, present to the said watter baillie or to the # magistrattis of this burght, the just entrie of the gudis, geir, and merchandrie in # the saidis schippis, craris, or boittis, with the names of the merchandis # and awneris of the samen: as alsua, the skipperis of all craris or boittis # passing out of this herbrie to wther partis to do the lyk, to the effect, # that forbiddin gudis and wnfremenis gudis may be knawin, and that all # schippis, craris, or boittis, cumming to the herbrie of this burgh with coillis, # lyme,

sklaittis, or wther common necessaris, to be sauld, that the # samen sall be distributit to the nichtbouris of this burgh be the discretioun # of the baillie and magistrattis, for sic paynis as is agreit on with # the skipperis or awneris of the samen, and that na persone quhatsumeuer frie # nor onfrie, presume to tak ony proffeit or commoditie on coillis, # lyme, sklaitt, or wther common necessaris in tyme cuming, according to the # ordinance maid thairanent obefoir, wnder the payne of [\BLANK\] s. to be # incurrit be the contravenar of this statut. [} (\EODEM DIE.\) }] The quhilk daye, forsamekill as their hes bene duyers # fundatouris of alterages within the paroche kirk of this burgh, quha as # patronis hes giffin dyuers and sindrie annuellis to the samen, for # idolatrous service to be maid be preistis for thame, thair parentis, and # successouris, and thay being laik alterages and patronages, the patronis and # fundatoris theirof, now succeding theirto in their parentis and predicessouris # richt and place of the samen, not onlie applyis the saidis annuell rentis to # thair awin particular uses, bot as fundatoris, usurpis libertie and previledge of # buriall place within the said kirk, quhair the said altar stuid, # without payment of ony dewtie to the maister of the kirk wark for the samen, # giffing nor granting to the fabrik and wphauld of the said kirk, na pairt of the # saidis annuellis, quhilkis aucht and suld be bestowit theirupoun, or # wpon sum uther godlie uses, quhilk giffis occasioun to wtheris that hes # na fundationis to put wp thair armes wpon dyvers peleris of the said kirk, and # in dyvers wther partis of the samen, at thair awin hand, without licence # of the prouest, bailleis, counsall, or maister of kirk wark, expres # aganis all guid ordour, for remeid quhairof the prouest, bailleis, and consall # deuysit and ordanit that all sic as alledgis to fundationis within the said # kirk, nothwithstanding that thay be fundatoris and patronis of altaris, sall haiff na mair benefit of beriall within the samen, wnto the tyme thay # giff in and mortifie the annuell rentis quhilkis was votit be thair # predicessouris, patronis and fundatoris thairof, to the wphauld of the fabrik # of the said paroche kirk, or sustentatioun of the ministrie, or to sum # wther godlie uses, bot that thay sall pay for thair beriall places as # wtheris that hes na fundationis, according to the ordinance sett doun theiranent, # ay and quhill thay gif in and mortefie thair annuellis to the effect # foirsaid, and that all armes put wp on the pilleris of the said kirk be sic as hes na # fundationis

sall be cancellat, and that nane presume nor tak wpon hand # heireftir to caus put wp thair armes in ony piller or place within the said # kirk, except in glasin wyndois, quhither thay be fundatouris or nocht, # without licence had and obtenit thairunto of the prouest, bailleis, and # counsall. [}21ST FEBRUARY, 1592.}] The said daye, the prouest, bailleis, and consall, &c., # deuysit and ordanit that thair salbe propynit to his majesties hous at his graces cumming to this burght, ane punscheoun of auld Burdeaux vyne, # gif it may be had for money, and gif not, ane last of the best and # fynest aill that may be gottin within this burght, together with the # spycerie efter following; that is to say, four pound weycht of pepper, halff # pund of measis, four unces of safrone, half pund of cannele, fourtene # pund of suckour, tua dussone buistis of confeittis, ane dussone buistis # of scorchettis, ane dusson buistis of succour almondis, ane dussone buistis of # confectionis, and ane chalder of coillis, and the deane of gild and # thessaurer sall deburse and pay for the samen, of the reddiest of the # accidentis that is in thair handis, or ather of thame, quhilk salbe allowit to thame # in thair comptis, nochtwithstanding of the ordinance of counsall maid # obefoir, ordaining that all frie syluer that sall happin the said thesaurer and # deane of gild to receawe be ressone of thair offices, (the kingis and # townis pensioneris being alwayis first payit), to be employit for payment of the annuell rent of his majesties tocher of the Martomes terme last # bypast and Witsonday terme to cum, quhairanent the prouest, bailleis, # and consall dispensis be ressone of the present necessitie, and that the # custume is, that ever the kingis and princes of this realme at thair # cumming to this burgh, hes bene in all tyme bygane propynit with vyne and # spycerie. [}18TH JUNE, 1593.}] The said day, in presence of the prouest, bailleis, and # consall of the burgh of Abirden, comperit Dauid, bischop of Abirdene, # chancellar of the Universitie, and Mr. Peter Blakburne, deane of facultie of the # samen, and producit ane letter of electioun of James Forbes of Tulliboy, # in and to the office of ekonomous, collectorie, and stewartrie of the new # colledge of Abirdene, foundit be ane nobill and potent lord, George Erll # Marischall, for collecting, calling, and persewing for the rentis of the # said colledge, of the dait at Abirdene the sevint day of Junii instant, and # desyrit the

prouest, bailleis, and consallis consent and auctoritie to be # interponit thairto, speciallie for removing of the tenentis of the Gray # Freris yardis and houssis of the samen, in name of the saidis prouest, # bailleis, and counsall, quhilkis the saidis prouest, bailleis, and counsall # authorezit, homologat, and apprevit, and interponit thair auctoritie # thairto, gevand thair full power to the said James to perseu to the effect # foirsaid, upone the quhilkis the said chancellor and deane of facultie, and the # said James for himselff, tuk act and instrument. [}25TH JUNE, 1593.}] The quhilk day, the bailleis, upon dyvers complantis gevin # in this day, and all wther court dayis sen the feist of Witsonday last # bypast, be dyvers and sindrie nichtboris of this burght, wpon dyveris and # sindrie men and wemen servandis thairof, quha being feit with thame to # have enterit at the said feist of Witsonday to thair service, making # doubill promeiss to thame and utheris quhom thay have servit obefoir, # deferris to enter to thair service, to thair gryt hurt throw laik of # servandis, for remeid quhairof deuysit, statut, and ordanit that quhatsumeuir # servand, man or woman, within this burgh that sall happin heireftir to # mak doubill promeissis anent thair feing with tua maissteris or # maistressis, that the persone macking the said doubill promeiss, and feing with tua # dyveris maisteris, sall efter verificatioun thairof be put in the # govis, thairin to remain for the space of sex houris, and to be baneist this burgh and # fredome theirof, during the prouest and bailleis will. [}11TH JULY, 1593.}] The said day, the persones of the counsall forsaid, # considdering that the stepill of the tolbuyth as it is now decayit, to the dishonour # and dishonestie of this burgh, and gryt detriment of the knock and commoun bell # thairin placed and hinging, liklie the ane to decay and the vther to # fall doun be ressone of the insufficiencie of the said stepill, quhilk can # not defend wadder, wynd, nor rayn, for preservatioun of the said knock and # bell, and commoun decoratioun of this burgh to be ane wark therfor most # necessarie to be helpit, and becaus of wther weightie materis interveining # sen the falling doun therof, the samen hes beine negligentlie # oursene, and that presentlie their is nocht of the commoun gude of this # burgh nor accidentis therof in the handis of the thesaurar nor deane of # gild, on

bestowit on the townis wther necessar effaris, therfor for the # presant till ane mair easie mean and way may be fund out be the # counsall, anent the wpbigging and repairing of the said stepill, deuysit and # ordanit that the same sall be this symmer with all conuenient diligence and # speid, helpit and maid watter thicht, for preservatioun of the said # knok and bell: and for doing theirof hes desirat and assignit the wnlaw # of Thomas Johnestoun, extending to fourtie merkis; the wnlaw of # Robert Donald extending to wther fourtie merkis; togidder with the # wnlaw of Williame Dun extending to ten merkis, to be imployit for # mending theirof till that wther accidentis may be had to do the samen, and # nominat and appoyntit Dauid Cargile to be maister of wark to the samen, # quha acceptit the said office wpon him. [}18TH JULY, 1593.}] The said daye, the persones of counsall of the said burgh, # knawing that ther hes arryvit dyveris schippis from Noroway and wtheris # pairtis, to the watter of Newburgh, within the precinct and jurisdiction of # this burgh, losing and laidning their, as gif the same war ane frie port, # expres aganis the auld ancient liberteis and immuniteis grantit to this # burgh, be his majesties predicessouris, to the gryt hurt and preiudice # theirof, and that thair is presentlie in the said watter thrie or four schippis # presentlie losand and laidnand, expreslie inhibit that ony their suld be # lost or laidnit within the precinct and shireffdome of Abirdene, bot at the # port and heavin of the burght of Abirdene; Theirfoir for manteining of # thair awin liberteis and frances thairanent, ordanit Maister Richard # Irwyng, deane of gild, and Dauid Cargill, thesaurer, to pas with ane officer # of armis, and ane or tua nichtboris, to the said watter of Newburgh, and be # wertew of the lettres gevin to this burgh upon thair liberteis, to areist # and fence the said schippis, tak the sailis fra the rayis thairof, and use # all ordour thairanent as accordis of the law and ressone, and the expensis that salbe maid be the deane of gild heirupoun, to be allowit to him in # his comptis. [} (\EODEM DIE.\) }] The said day, the consall deuysit and ordanit Maister # Richard Irwyng, deane of gild, to ansuir and obey Andro Inglis, sweschman, # commoun

servand to the toun, of ane garment of reid Inglis flaning, # wpon the said Androis supplicatioun presentit this day to the consall, quhilk # salbe allowit to the said deane of gild in his comptis.

[}4TH JUNE, 1617.}] The quhilk day, in presence of the prowest, baillies, and # counsall, comperit personallie Alexander Forbes, sumtyme of Towie, and voluntarlie submittit himselff to the determinatioun and censure of the # prowest, baillies, and counsall of this burght, to vnderly and mak sic # amendis and satisfactioun as they sall injoyne for the wrang and indignitie # done be him to the toune, and to Mr Willeame Wedderburne, doctour of # thair grammer schoole, vpoun the [\BLANK\] day off [\BLANK\] last # bypast, in passing to the said grammer schoole and their geving ane cuff to the # said Maister Willeame Wedderburne, promeising quhatsumeuer amendis and # satisfactioun, the saidis prowest, baillies, and counsall sall decerne him to # mak for the said wrang, that he sall willinglie obey and fulfill # the same in all poyntis, quhairanent the saidis prowest, baillies, and counsall # adwyseing, inrespect of the said Alexander, his submissiue reference of # himselff to be censured be thame for his said wrang, and that thairby he # kyitchis to be sorie and grewit for the same, thairfoir they ordane the # said Alexander to go presentlie to the grammer schoole of this burght, quhair # he did the wrang, and thair in all humilitie, on his kneeis, in presence # of the magistrattis and maister of schoole and scholaris, sitt doun on his kneeis, # acknowledge and confes his offence, and crawe the magistrattis and counsall pardone, as also, the said Maister Willeame # Wedderburne, quhome he offendit, and promeis nevir to do the lyk in tyme # comeing; conforme to the quhilk ordinance, and for obedience and # satisfactioun thairof, the said Alexander Forbes of Towie past instantlie # with the magistrattis and counsall to the said grammer schoole, and # thair most

submissiwelie, on his kneeis, confest his wrang foirsaid, done # to the toune, and to the said Maister Willeame Wedderburne, doctour of # thair grammer schoole, and first crawit the magistrattis and # counsall, and nixt the said Mr. Willeame pardoun thairfoir, promeising neuir to do # the lyke in tyme cumeing, but to remayne a freynd and weill willar baith # to the toune, and to the said Mr. Willeame in all tyme heireftir, and # instantlie choppit handis with the magistrattis and the said Mr. Willeame [}8TH OCTOBER, 1617.}] The quhilk day, the prowest, baillies, and counsall, # considering the cauldnes enterit in practise within this burght of ane gryt # number of the inhabitantis thairof, professing Chryist, as he is now offerit # be the preacheing of the evangell, be wilfull remaining from thair paroche kirk # in tyme of preacheing and prayeris, and frome the heiring of the word # of God sincerely preacheit on the Sabboth day, and be gamyng and playing, and passing to tavernes and ailhousses in time of sermonis, on the # Sabboth day, contrair to the custome of reformed kirkis and weill # governed commonweillis of this realm, procuiring thairby the wraith and displesure of God, and that dyvers actis hes beine maid obefoir, according to # the actes of Parliament for keiping of the said sermones, and repairing # to the kirk on the Sabboth day, quhilkis throu iniquitie of time hes nocht # tain thair awin full executioun, for remeid thairof, followit the # directioun first of Godis word, and than the saidis actis of parliament, with the # loweabill custome of vther reformed congregatiounes, hawe statute and # ordaint that all maisters of houshaldis within this burght, and thair # wyiffes, alsweill craftismen as burgesses of gild, and other inhabitantis # thairof, and thair servandis, sall repair in tyme comeing to thair paroche kirk, # keip and obserue the sermones on the Sabboth day, alsweill efternoone as befoir noone, and the saidis maisteris of houshaldis, alsweill # craftismen as burgesses, to keip and obserue the sermones on the weik day, # and not to depairt out of the kirk thairfra vnto the end thairof, vnder # the paines following, to be vplifted of the contravenar so oft as they be # noted and convict for thair absence, or fund in houss, buith, streitt, or # mercat during the tyme of sermone: that is to say, of euerie # houshalder and his wyiff, burges of gild, for thair remaneing frome the sermones # on the Sabboth day, thretteine schillingis four pennies; and of euerie # craftisman maister and houshalder, for thair remaneing frome the sermones

on the Sabboth day, sex schillingis aucht pennies; and of the # saidis craftismen, servandis, and prenteisses, for thair remaneing fra # the sermones on the Sabboth day, twa schillingis; and of ilk burges of gild # and merchand, sex schillingis aucht pennies, for thair remaneing # frome the sermone on the weik day; and of ilk craftisman maister and # houshalder, thrie schillingis four pennies, for thair remaneing frome the # sermone on the weik day. And gif the saidis persones, of the ranckis # foirsaidis, beis fund culpabill in nocht frequenting the sermones as said is, # and convict for the seuerall dayis absence, but lawfull excuse of # infirmitie, seikness, or absence furthe of the toun, the persone giltie and convict # to be secludit and debarrit frome all benefite of the kirk quhill he or she # satisfie be appoyntment of the sessioun, and that but preiudice of the # penalties foirsaidis. [^A PASSAGE IN LATIN OMITTED^] [}11TH MARCH, 1618.}] The quhilk day, anent the supplicatioun giwen in be John # Dauidsone, eldest lauchfull sone to Johne Dauidsone, maltman, burges of # this burght, makand mentioun that sen the tyme he come frome the musick # schoole, he hes bestowit his tyme in service with his maister, Thomas # Mylne, virginall macker, quhome he hes seruit seuin yeiris as # prenteis, and thrie yeiris sensyne as a feit servand, as his indenture and # discharge thairwpoun proportis, and now hauing learned the said calling, and being # purposed (God willing) to duell and mak his residence in this his natiue # toun, he thairfoir desyrit the counsall to admitt him frieman for vsing # and exercising his said calling, and to respect his meane estate, in that he # hes not

present moyen to pay for his friedome, as at mair length wes # contenit in his said supplicatioun, quhairwith the counsell being adwyisit, # and hauing seine and considderit his maisterstick exhibite befoir thame, # to witt, a pair of virginallis, and thairwith considdering that the said # calling is not vnder a deacones, being bot latlie put in practice within this # burght be the said Thomas Mylne his maister, quha compeirand personallie # befoir the counsall, gawe his approbatioun to the said maisterstick as # sufficient warkmanship, thairfoir the counsall hes admittit and resaued # the said Johne Dauidsone, frieman of this burght, to vse and exerce the # said calling, in macking of virginallis allanarlie, and na forder, # and that gratis without payment of any compositioun, in respect he is a burges # sone, not haweing moyen to pay for his friedome, and the said John # gawe his aythe according to the forme. [}8TH APRIL, 1618.}] The said day, the prowest, baillies, and counsall, # considdering that Maister Henrie Buchan, burges of this burght, vpon the first # day of Aprill instant, wes lauchfullie and ordourlie convict for # chopping with the hand Willeame Gray, lait baillie, the day foirsaid, vpoun # the shoulder, within the clos of vmquhill Mr. Gilbert Gray, and # saying to him, in audience of the magistrattis and counsall, that the # decreit that day pronuncit be the counsall aganis the said Mr. Henrie wes # not the counsallis decreit, bot the said Willeames awin decreit, and # gif he wer out of the towne the said Mr. Henrie suld dicht him; as also # considdering that the said Mr. Henrie wes convict the said day for iniuring # the said Willeame Gray, immediatelie thairefter, in the clerkis # chalmer, the prowest and baillies being thair for the tyme sitting in # judgement, in calling him febill swynger, as the act of his convictioun at # mair length proportis; and heirwith the counsall vnderstanding that the # said Mr. Henrie, be his forsaid speiches, not onlie hes iniured the said # Willeame Gray, bot lykwayis the haill counsall, in querrelling thair # decreit gewin that day aganis him, thairfoir the saidis prowest, baillies, # and counsall, all in ane voice, findis that the said Mr. Henrie, for his # contempt and indignitie foirsaid done to the said Willeame Gray, late # baillie, and to the haill counsall, hes iustlie deservit the forfaultour and # deprivatioun of his fredome and burgeschip of this burght; lykeas # instantlie, the saidis prowest, baillies, and counsall, for the caus forsaid, # dischargis and

deprywis the said Mr. Henrie of his fredome and burgeschip of # this burght, and of all libertie and preuilege he may jois thairby # heirafter, and ordanis the deane of gild to caus cloise up his buith door. # Persones of counsall present: Sir Thomas Meingzeis, provest, Mr. David # Rutherfurd, Mr. Alex=r.= Cullen, George Nicolesone, and William Lowsoun, baillies, Paull Mengzies, Dauid Cargill, Johne Hay, Walter # Robertsone, George Ricard, Mr. Alex=r.= Jaffray, John Tullidaff, George # Anderson, John Middletoun. [}3RD JUNE, 1618.}] The quhilk day, Thomas Watsoune, maister measone to the # bigging of the wardhous, compeirand personallie, in presence of the # prowast, baillies, and counsall, submittit and referrit himselff to # thair determinatioun and modificatioun, quhat salbe rebaitit and defalcat to him of # the soumes of money promeist to him for bigging of the said # wardhous, be wertew of the contract past betuixt the toune and him # thairanent, be resone the toune inlaikis wnbiggit of the said wardhous the # fyift woult thairof, quhilk the said Thomas was obleist to hawe done be the # conditioun of the said contract, and quhatsumeuer the saidis prowest, # baillies, and counsall sall rebait and defalk to the said Thomas, for the # inlaik of the said fyift woult, he obleisses him to stand and abyde # thairat, but reclamatioun, or in the counsallis option the said Thomas # obleisses him to big of the townes commoun workis, proportionable, according # to the said rebait, and the saidis prowest, baillies, and counsall # sall jnioyne. [^PASSAGES IN LATIN OMITTED^]

[}15TH SEPTEMBER, 1618.}] The quhilk day, George Pyiper, and Alexander Andersone, # wrichtis, compeirand sufficientlie in armour, ilkane with ane hagbute and # baudileire and sword, wes ressauit and admittit friemen of thair said # craft, and burgesses of this burght, ilk ane of thame for the soume off # twentie merkis Scottis money, peyit be thame to the deane of gild, with # this allwayis restrictioun and conditioun, that they sall vse and # exerce thair said craft professit be thame allanerlie, and clame nor pretend # no forder libertie, preuilege, nor friedome nor is sett doun and # prescryuit to craftismen be the contract and indenture past betuixt the brether of gild # and thame, in the yeir of God 1587 yeiris; and incais they or any # of thame do in the contrare, being convict thairoff, to be depryuit and # dischargit of his friedome, and all libertie and preuilege they may joice and # bruik thairby in any tyme thaireftir, and gawe thair aytheis judiciallie on # the premissis and remanent poyntis of the aythe giwen be burgesses of this # burght the tyme of thair admissioun; lykas ilk ane of thame payit fyive # schillingis in a quhyte purs, according to the forme vsit and wount. [}30TH SEPTEMBER, 1618.}] The said day, inrespect the townis commoun knockis, to witt, # the kirk knok, tolbuyth knok, and college knok, ar out of all frame and # ordour, and ar nocht sufficient and abill to serve the towne, pairtlie # becaus they ar auld and worne, and pairtlie for want of skilfull men to attend # thame, heirfoir it is thocht meit that the magistrattis wreitt southe # with all diligence, and try quhair the best knockmacker may be had, and # caus bring him vpoun the tounis chargis to this burght, and visite # the knokis thairof, that sic of thame as may be mendit be accordingly # done, and sic as will not mend, be maid new sa soone as the same can be # convenientlie gottin done, and Robert Alexander, thesaurar, to deburse heiron # as he salbe directit be the magistrattis, quhilkis debursementis # salbe allowit to him in his comptis. [}24TH MARCH, 1619.}] The samen day, the prouest, baillies, and counsall appoyntis # Paull Meingzeis, baillie, to wreitt to Dundie for four hundreth peice # of frie stane for the wark of the wardhous, and to cause dress the same # thair,

in some mesure, for the moir easie transportatioun thairof, and # sic as he aggries to giwe for the saidis staines and for the fraucht # thairoff, ordanes Robert Alexander, thesaurar, to deburse the same, quhilk salbe # allowit to him in his comptis. [} (\EODEM DIE.\) }] The quhilk day, it being menit to the prouest, baillies, and # counsall be Maister Dauid Wedderburn, maister of the grammer schooll, and # be Patrik Dauidsoun, maister of the musick schoole of this burght, # that quhair a great many of thair scholaris sen the tyme of the # dischargeing of thair thrie dayis play, quhilk they wer wount to gett at the # begynning of everie quarter, hes maid no payment at all of thair ordinarie # stipend and scholage, quhilk they ar bund and obleist to pay to thair # maisteris quarterlie, and vtheris delayis the payment of thair scholage for a long # seasone eftir the quarter come in, to the hurt and preiudice of the # maisteris; for remeid heiroff, it is statute and ordanit be the prouest, # baillies, and counsall, that in all tyme comeing everie scholar within any of the # saidis schoollis ar and salbe bund and obleist to pay thair ordinar # quarter stipend and scholage, quhilk they aucht to pay to thair maisteris, # within fyifteine dayis at the farrest nixt eftir the begynning of the quarter, # with certificatioun to sic as sal failsie in payment theiroff, the said space being # bypast, that they salbe subiect and obleist in peyment of the dubill of # the said scholage, and gif any scholar quhasoeuir, ather to burght or # land, sall withstand this ordinance and repyne agains the same, he salbe # expellit furthe of the schoole till he giwe satisfactioun to the # maisteris, conforme to the mynd of this act in all poyntis. [}9TH MAY, 1619.}] The said day, the prowest, baillies, and counsall, ordanis # Mr. Willeame Moir, deane of gild, to deburse and pay the sowme of fourscoir # merkis to Alex=r.= Wyiseman, measone, thairof fyiftie merkis for the # repairing of the Gallowget port, and threttie merkis for repairing of the # Justice and Futtie portis, as the counsall aggreit with him thairanent, # quhilk soume sall be allowit to the said deane of gild in his comptis. [}4TH JUNE, 1619.}] The said day, the haill towne being convenit in the # tolbuyth, for the

maist pairt representand the haill body, being warnit thairto # be the handbell passand throw the haill rewis of the toun, quhairwpoun # the berar maid faith, it wes exponit to thame be Sir Thomas # Meingzeis, prouest, that the counsall and sessioun of the kirk of this # burght hawing adwyiseit how the poore peopill that are daylie beggaris within # the same mey be enterteineit and sustenit be commoun contributioun, and # saiffit heireftir frome begging on the streittis or elsquhair, and for # this effect hawing causit mack a cataloge and roll of all the beggaris # nameis, both men, wemen, and bairnis within this burght, they find be thair # estimatioun that fyftie merkis money mey interteaine thame weiklie, and # saiff thame frome begging, quhilk in the yeir will amont to the soume # of twa thowsand sex hundreth merkis, and appoyntit the said # contributioun to be payit as followis, for the space of ane yeir to cum till the # matter be essayit how the same will work, viz.: ane thowsand pundis to be # imposit be way of taxatioun vpon the haill inhabitantis of the towne, # to be payit at twa seuerall termis, and the rest, to wit, ellevin hundreth # merkis to be payit be the contributiones to be gottin the tyme of the # ministratioun of the commvnioun, and quhair that will not serve, the eareand # to be suppliet out of the collectionis for the poore at the kirk # dooris, as the act of counsall sett doun thairanent vpoun the secund day of # Junij instant at mair length proportis, and thairfoir inquired of the toun, # convenit as said is, gif they wald condiscend and aggrie to the courss # foirsaid, sett doun be the counsall and sessioun for interteinement of # the poore for a yeir to cum, quha all in ane voice but contradictioun or # oppositioun, (except only Mr. Thomas Meingzeis, quha opponit himselff to the # said courss) consentit and aggriet to be stentit and taxt for the # said soume of ane thowsand pundis, to be applyit to the vse foirsaid of # the interteinement of the poore, and to saiff thame frome begging, and ar content to be stentit for the said soume for the space of ane yeir # allanerlie, to be payit at twa seurall termis; and for that effect instantlie # electit, nominat, and chuiseit George Nicolsone, Dauid Cargill, Henrie Forbes, # Alexander Andersone, Dauid Aidye, Johne Tullidaff, Henrie Patrie, # Alexander Ramsay, youngar, Thomas Burnet, Robert Cruckshank, eldar, Johne Merser, saidler, George Bruce and Thomas Goiff, tailzeour, # taxtaris and stentaris, to stent the said soume of ane thowsand pundis vpoun # the haill inhabitantis of this burght, frie and vnfrie, to be payit # at twa termis as said is, quhilkis stentaris acceptit the stenting of the # said sowme in

and vpoun thame, and wer sworne to stent and distribute the # same equallie amongis the nichtbouris according to thair knawledge, # and the said Mr. Thomas Meingzeis dissassentit that any taxatioun be # imposit vpoun the town for the caus foirsaid, bot that a voluntar # contributioun be crawit to that effect. [}5TH JUNE, 1619.}] The said day, in presence of Thomas Forbes and Gilbert # Cullen, baillies, Margrat Blakburne, spous of Mr. Andro Aidye, principall of the # new college of Aberdein, wes convict and put in amerciament of # court be the depositionis of diuers famous witnesses, admittit, sworn, and # examined, for dinging and stricking Janet Mackye, servand to James Birny, in # Tarves, on the face to the effusioun of her bluid, to foirbearre; hir # vnlaw modifiet to ten pundis, to be peyit to the dean of gild, and fywe merkis # to the pairtie dung. [}4TH AUGUST, 1619.}] The quhilk day, the prowest, baillies, and counsall hawing # ressaued advertisement that my Lord Duke of Lennox is to be in this # burght about the xii of August instant, quhair his grace is to remane some # few dayis for his pastime and recreatioun, thairfoir they hawe appoyntit # the best and most convenient ludging that may be had within this burght # to be takin for his Grace resset, and withall they hawe appoyntit # prouisioun of wynes, spyceries, and all vther prouisioun requisite for # halding of his Grace hous during his remaining in this burght, to be furnished # and prepaired on the townis chargis, the cair of the quhilk busines is # comittit be the counsall to George Nicolsone and Mr. Johne Mortimer, quhome # they appoynt to sie all thingis ordorlie done as the weycht of the # bussines sall require, for the honour of my Lord Dukes Grace and the creditt # of the town, and quhat salbe requisite to be debursit heirwpoun, the # counsall ordanis Robert Alexander, thesyrer, to deburse the same, quhilk salbe # allowit to him in his comptis, and gif it sall fall out that my Lord # Dukes Grace will hald his awin hous himselff, and will not suffer the towne # to mak the chargis thairof, in that cais the counsall thinkis meit to giwe # his Grace, with the nobillmen and barronis that sall accumpanie him, the # banqueit in the best forme, that the same may be maid on the townis # chargis, the cair quhairoff is siclyk committit to the saidis George # Nicolsone and Mr.

Johne Mortimer. Personis of counsall present, [^A LIST OF NAMES # OMITTED^] [^AN ENTRY OMITTED^] [}18TH AUGUST, 1619.}] The samen day, the prowest, baillies, and counsall, ordanis # Maister Thomas Johnestoun, deane of gild, to caus the officaris poynd # the absentis fra the lait wappounschaw of this burgh, quhilk held # vpon the nynt day of August instant, ilk absent for ane vnlaw of fyue # pundis, exceptand alwayis the poore sort of people, quhilk had nather # armis nor apparell fitting for musturing, and exceptand lykwayis sic of # the nichtbouris as wer absent out of the toune vpoun necessarie caussis, # quhilkis persones ar declairit to be frie of any vnlaw, and the saidis # vnlawis to be bestowit be the said deane of gild for defraying of sic # commoun

charges teynding to the townis honour and credit, as wes maid # be the youthis of the toun, that maid seruice with muskattis the fyift # of August last, being a day dedicat for geiving thankis to God for his # Maiesties preservatioun from the conspiracie of Gowrie, and vpoun the # twalt of August, at the Duke of Lenox his graces entrie to this burgh, # so far furthe as the saidis vnlawis will extend.

[}10TH FEBRUARY, 1620.}] The quhilk day, anent the petition geuin in to the prowest, # baillies, and counsall, be Maister Dauid Wedderburne, maister of the # grammer schoole of this burgh, makand mentioun that quhairas thair # wisdomes exactis a dewtie of him on the ane pairt, so it will not offend # thame on the vther pairt that he be particular in regrating his estate, # the treuth quhairoff is, he hes not ane stipend quhilk may encourage ane # honest man to walk in sic a toillsum callin with chearfulnes; the # multitude of schooles everiequhar, the burdine of a familie, unknawin to him # of befoir, the darth of the tyme, so cutteth away any litile thing that is # gottin, that or the twa pairt of the quarter be expired, he seis # evidently no correspondense betuixt his extraordinar paynis and the ordinar reward; thairfoir that it wald pleas thair wisdomes, with quhat # affectioun they wald wishe the wark to stand and go fordward, to sie also with # the same affectioun how be honest meanes the work may be so vnder # proppet, that without difficulties and lettis ane honest man may bear out # that heavie panes quhilk must be vndertakin for the faithfull discharge of # that calling;

and for this effect, and in regard of his bypast serwice, and # for the good pruiff of his trawellis quhilk hes beine presentlie gewin befor # the visitouris of the schooles, they will sie that in sum mesure he may liwe # as vther scholaris in vther professionis, as at mair length was # contenit in the said petition; quhilk being red in counsall, and thairwith # the prowest, baillies, new and auld counsallis being maturelie adwyseit, # efter gude deliberatioun, they find, for the reasonis aboue mentionat, the # said Mr. Dauid his present prouisioun for his seruice and charge # foirsaid, not to be correspondent to the weyght and burdine of his labouris, and # thairfoir, for suppliment and helpe of his means, whereas at the present he # hes onlie ten schillingis in the quarter of everie townis bairne for his # salarie and scholage, they ordaine him to hawe thrietteine schillingis # four pennies quarterlie in all tyme cumeing for everie tounis # bairne, quhilk salarie of thirettein schillingis four pennies for ilk tounis # bairne, togidder with the said Mr. Dauid, his present stipend off fourscoir pundis peyit to him yeirlie be the toun out of thair commoun # gude, the prowest, baillies, and counsall, declairis to be in full # satisfactioun of all stipend, scholage, or any other benefit quhatsumeuir the said # Mr. Dauid may crawe of the toune, or of the tounis bairnis, for his # serwice as maister of thair grammer schoole in ony tyme comeing; and # forder, becaus at the earnest desyre of the magistrattis and counsall, # for propagatioun of learning, the said Mr. Dauid hes vndertakin, lykeas, be thir presentis (wpoun the conditioune vnderwritten,) he vndirtackis # and bindis himselff, sa lang as his health and habilitie will permitt, to # teache ane lessoun of humanitie aines everie weeke in tyme comeing, # within the college of this burght, out of sic authoris, at sic hours, and # after sic method as salbe injoyned to him be the counsall, and thairwith # to compose in Latine, both in prose and verse, quhatsumeuir purpose or # theme concerning the commoun effairis of the toune, ather at hame or # afield, as he salbe requyred be any of the magistrattis or clerk, in # tyme comeing; thairfoir, for teacheing the said humanitie lessoun, and for # composing in Latine of all matteris concerning the toune, (\toties # quoties\) , as they sall occur, and as he salbe requyred, the saidis prowest, baillies, # new and auld counsallis, gewis and grantis to the said Mr. Dauid, by # and attour his ordinar stipend forsaid, gewin to him for teaching of thair # grammer schoole, the soume of fourscoir merkis yeirlie, to be payit to # him be the

thesaurer of this burght, at tua vsuall termis in the yeir, # Witsonday and Martimes in wynter, be equall portionis during the will and # plesure of the counsall, and the said Mr. Dauid his guid seruice and # diligence in the said employment allanarlie, and na farder, the first termis # payment thairof begynnand at the feast of Witsonday nixt to cum, in this # instant yeir of God j=m= vi=c= and twentie yeiris, and so furthe, yeirlie # and termlie thairefter, during the councellis will allanarlie, and with conditioun # lykwais, that the said Mr. Dauid sall nawayis desert nor leave his said # charge and functioun, nor withdraw himselff thairfra to any vther # functioun or place quhatsumeuir during his lyftyme, without the expres # consent and guidwill of the prowest, baillies, and counsall of this burght, # had and obtenit thairto, and incais of the said Mr. Dauid, his # inhabilitie, age, or sicknes, quhairthrow he might not discharge a sufficient dewtie # in the said office himselff, in that cais, he salbe haldin to furneis # ane sufficient qualifeit persone, quha sall content the magistrattis and # counsall, to occupie his place, and in sua doing, the said Mr. Dauid to # continew maister of the said schoole, and to injoy the haill stipend and # previlegis thairof, he satisfeing alwayis on his awin chairgis and # expenssis the persone substitute be him for his labouris and trawellis, # quhilk burdine foirsaid, with the conditiounes afoir specifeit, the said Mr. # Dauid personally present, acceptit and voluntarlie bindis and # obleissis himselff to the performance thairof, faithfullie in all poyntis as # apperteines, as God sall assist him be His grace, and incais any defect be fund # in dischairge of his dewtie, ather as maister of the grammer schoole, or in # teacheing of the said lessoun of humanitie, the prowest, baillies, and # counsall of this burght, sall hawe alwayis absolute powar to censure him # thairfoir, and deprive him of the said benefite at thair arbitriment, # inrespect he hes the same of the toune vpoun gude deserwing and during thair # will and plesure allanerlie, and no vtherwayis, and vpon conditioune # that he never burdine the toune nor counsall heirefter with any # augmentatioun, ather of his scholage or his stipend. Persones of the new and auld # counsallis present: [^A LIST OF NAMES OMITTED^] [^HUNTAR, ALEXANDER. A TREATISE OF WEIGHTS, METS AND MEASURES OF SCOTLAND. THE ENGLISH EXPERIENCE, 671. AMSTERDAM: WALTER J. JOHNSON, LTD. AND THEATRUM ORBIS TERRARUM LTD., 1974. SAMPLE 1: 11.1-34.4 SAMPLE 2: 55.1-57.29 SAMPLE 3: 63.1-64.33 SAMPLE 4: 68.1-68.35^]

[}THE SECOND PART OF THIS TREATISE CONCERNETH THE METTING AND MEASVRING OF LAND FOVNDED VPON THE FORMER MEASVRES .}] ALBEIT there be many persons in the countrie that professeth to bee measurers of land, and that sundrie hath written vppon the measuring of land in divers languages: where you may learne a great deale more then is here set downe. Yet because that some Heritoures of landes, will desire to haue their landes mett and measured to know the quantitie thereof for their pleasure, when they can not haue a land measurer to serue them, neither bookes to informe them according to our Scottish measures. Therefore to giue them contentment that they themselues or servants may measure all kinde of grounde: although it be arable land, Mures, Medowes, Mosses, Loches, Hills, or valley ground, and knowe what everie piece therof doeth containe in quantitie. There is here set downe, not onely the way how land should bee measured: but also how to finde the quantitie thereof. For albeit that land bee measured both in length and breadth, that resolves not what number of Acres, roodes, and other small quantities it containes, before the compt threreof bee cast by Arithmetique, and the length bee multiplyed

plyed by the breadth, and thereafter devided: and because there is not many that can multiplie and divide numbers, and that I haue seene great ignorance in some land measurers, in making of the compt after the land was measured. Therefore to eschew negligent compting my cheife care is, to set downe a perfite and just Table: where you shall speedilie finde without compting the quantities that any land conteines after that the trew length and breadth is found out, as is at length set downe hereafter. In the metting and measuring of ground: First wee should know the just length and breadth thereof, next what number of Acres, Roodes, and Falles arriseth vpon everie length and breadth. Now to finde the length and breadth, wee must know by what instrument it is found, and how to vse the same, and to finde what number of Acres ariseth vppon the length and breadth: the compt thereof must bee cast by Arithmetike, or found by the Table after following. [}THE INSTRVMENT WHEREWITH LAND IS MEASURED .}] The said instrument is knowne to bee two staues, everie one of them 6 quarters long or thereby pricked with iron, hauing the trew measures of an Ell, halfe Ell and quarter Ell marked vppon them, with a coard or small cheine the length of 6 Ells, made fast betweene the said staues, a shaft length aboue the prickes: which coard would be either barked or well seared with waxe or roset: Remembring alwayes in case you haue any great boundes of land to measure, then your coard or chaine would bee of 18 or 12 Ells long at the least.

[}THE VSE OF THE SAID INSTRUMENT}] The vse thereof is, that 2 men shall carrie the saids staues, and shall begin at the end of the land, hauing the said coard stretched and stented to the full length betweene # them, and with that measure everie square piece of land is mesured over in the middest, what Fallis and Ells it hath of length: and thereafter is measured crosse over the middest, what Fallis and Ells it hath of breadth, and a note set downe in write of the just length and just breadth: Remembring that the breadth of widenesse should bee truelie searched, because a little errour in the breadth increaseth to a great fault in the length. And thus much for the said instrument and vse thereof. (^Before any examples are set downe for measuring of land, it is necessarie to set downe the description of the Table, # where to finde the compt of all land that shall happen to bee # measured.^) [}THE DESCRIPTION OF THE TABLE, TO FINDE THE COMPT OF MEASURED LAND .}] There is none so ignorant, but they doe, or may easilie know, the names of these ten figures, 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 0. with their strength in the first and second place, and by a little frequenting thereof, they may attaine to reade and vnderstand this Table, and the rest of the Tables following conforme to their descriptions. And first, this Table I haue made and comprehended all in the boundes of a sheet of paper, but it is set downe here in an ample and large manner, to the intent that a part thereof may justifie the other, and that the common and vulgar sort to Landwart may easily vnderstand it, It is grounded vppon the Ell of measure: whereof

6 in length is compted for a Fall, 40 Fallis for a Roode, and 4 Roodes for an Acre, as is set downe before. It conteines sundrie diverse pages: In everie page there is 4 Columnes, and everie Columne thereof containeth 3 partes: To wit, the breadth of the land with the length thereof, and the quantitie of the number of Acres, Roodes, and Falles that riseth vppon everie severall length and breadth, The breadth of the land is set downe vppon the head of everie Columne, as vppon the first page there is the Columne of a quarter Ell, the Columne of a halfe Ell, with the Columne of three quarters of an Ell: And the Columne of an Ell vpon the second page, the Columnes of 2 Ells 3. 4. 5. Ells, which are the small measures: Then vppon the thrid page, beginneth the Columne of 1 Fall, of 2. 3. and 4, Fallis, and so foorth in order to 30 Fallis, and to 100 Fallis of breadth. The length is set downe vppon the left side of everie Columne, and goeth downe from the head to the foote of the page, betweene the two small lines, beginning at the Fall, to 25 Fallis, and to 200 Fallis. The product of the number of Acres, that riseth vpon the compt of the length and breadth, is set downe in the broade space of everie Columne, against the length in the narrowe: containing 3 numbers, titled and named vppon their heades, with Acres, Roodes, Falles, Ells, and quarter Ells. Now to finde the compt that any land extendes to being measured in length and breadth: you shall ever seeke the breadth vppon the head of the Table, and the length vppon the left side of that Columne, and in the broade roome against the length, you will finde the aunswer what the compt extendes to. Example, a piece of land is founde to bee 80 Fallis of length, and 17 Fallis in breadth, you shall

seeke the Columne of 17 Fallis vppon the head of the Table, and in that same Columne seeke the length 80 and you will finde against 80, to the right 8 Acres 2 Roodes, which is the quantitie thereof. Another example: A piece of land 70 Fallis of length, and 21 Fallis of breadth, seeke the Columne of 21 Fallis vppon the head of the Table, and then seeke the length 70. In the left side of that same Columne, and against it to the right hand, you will finde 9 Acres and 30 Fallis. But because it may happen that some defect will bee in the printing of this Table and the next: or that any other occasion fall out, that you are not well resolved of the quantitie of the compt: therefore to justifie the Table, and to giue you contentment, you shall finde the compt resolved three manner of wayes: The first is, to seeke the breadth of the land vppon the head of the Table, and the length vppon the side of the Table, as is set downe in the former examples: The second waye is to seeke it contrarie wise, that is to seeke the breadth in the side of the Table, and the length vppon the head of the Table, and in the broad roome you will finde the same compt that the first produced. The thrid way to finde the compt is to devide the length in two or three partes, and to seeke the compt at sundrie times, as if the number of the length bee 24: to seeke first the compt of 20, and then the compt of 4: and if the length 18 to seeke first the compt of 10, and then the compt of 8, or seeke 9.2 times, will bee 18, and you will finde that all these formes will yeeld alike compt. Example, A piece of land is found to bee 90 Fallis of length, and 24 Fallis of breadth, if you seeke the compt, thereof after the first way, which is the easiest and best way, you will finde in the Columne of 24

against 90, standing 13 Acres 2 Roodes: To seeke it after the second manner, you will finde in the Columne of 90 against 24, the same compt of 13 Acres and 2 Roodes: And to seeke it after the thrid forme, you shall cast the length 90 in 2 partes: to wit, in 40 and in 50, which maketh 90: or in 60 and 30 which maketh likewise 90, and you will finde in the Columne of 60 against 24.9 Acres: and you will finde in the Columne of 30 against 24.4 Acres 2 Roodes: These two being added together will yeeld the foresaid compt of 13 Acres and 3 Roodes, and so all the three formes will yeeld alike compt. The like forme of tryall may bee vsed with the other Table concerning Building and Sclaiting. Now followeth the way to measure all sort of land, but before my examples are set downe touching it: you must consider, that there is divers fashions of land, and therefore to bee measured in divers manners: and some manner of land lieth in such sundrie formes, that it can not bee measured, but in divers partes: then consider how many partes, and in what manner of fashion they must bee devided, that you may measure [^ORIGINAL: # n sure^] everie part according to their forme and fashion: and how so ever the piece of land bee formed or fashioned, bee it square, bee it round or triangle, mounting to a hill, or descending in a valley, it must bee reduced and brought to a certaine length and certaine breadth, otherwise it can not bee brought and summed to a perfite quantitie of Acres, and other odd quantities.

[}OF THE RVLE OF QVADRANGLES, AND HOW ALL SQUAIRE LAND SHOVLD BE MEASVRED .}] A SQVARE piece of land hath foure sides, or foure corners, whether they differ in widenesse or not, and it is either just squaire: That is, when the breadth is equall to the length, as is the first figure here following, or it is a long squaire as are the most parte of our Rigges of land, that is of a greater length nor breadth, conforme to the next figure following. [^FIGURE OMITTED^]

[^FIGURE OMITTED^] The first figure is vppon all sides equall, that is 12. Fallis on every side. To find the quantitie thereof by # Arithmetik you must multiply the length by the breadth, which is 12 by 12: Thereof ariseth 144 Fallis, which you shall devide by 40 Fallis, because 40 fallis is a Roode, and you will finde that it extends to 3 Roodes and 24 Fallis: or otherwise to seeke the compt thereof in the Table, if you can not multiplie nor devide numbers: and you will finde in the Columne of twelue Falls of breadth, against the number of twelue Fallis in length 3 Roodes and 24 Fallis as laid is. The second figure, is a long square, not equall on all sides, yet equall in breadth at both the ends, and equall of length at both the sides, the length thereof is 30 Fallis, and the breadth 6 Fallis: To know the compt thereof by the Table, you shall seeke the Columne of 6 Fallis in breadth: and you will finde against the number of 30 in length an Acre and twentie Fallis for the quantitie thereof. [}HOW TO MEASURE LAND THAT IS OF AN VNEQUALL BREADTH, AND TO FINDE THE COMPT THEREOF .}] There is foure rigges of land measured, and they are found to bee 40 Fallis in length: and because

they are not equall breadthe, wee measure the breadth thereof at two or three sundrie partes, as the fashion of the ground requires. The broadest part is found to bee ten Fallis in breadth, the narrowest part to bee but six Fallis, and the middle part eight Fallis of breadth. These three breadthes beeing cast together they extend to 24 Fallis, whereof the thrid part is 8 Fallis, which is the just breadth. Now to finde the quantitie thereof in the Table, seeke the number eight Fallis, which is the breadth vppon the head of the said Table, and in the same columne against the number of 40 which is the length, you will finde two Acres for the quantitie of the said foure Rigges. (^When you are to measure any croft land or Burrow Rigges, and can not espise by your eye, any difference in the Breadth thereof, yet for trying of the trueth, you shall trie the # breadth thereof the oftener, at everie 10 Fallis of the length at the least, and write everie one of them particularly, and suppose that you haue taken the breadth at 6 sundrie times, you shall add them all in one summe, and then devide that summe in 6 partes, and take that sixt part for your breadth, and with that breadth and the just length resort to the Table.^) [}TO MEASVRE LAND THAT IS VNEQUALL BOTH IN LENGTH AND BREADTH .}] A Piece of land being vnequall at all partes, is measured at both the sides, and at both the endes, the length of the longest side is 16, and the shortest side is 10, the breadth at the broadest end is 4. and at the narrow end 2 Now add the two lengths together, as 16 and 10 makes 26. Take the halfe thereof which is 13, for the length: and add the two breadths

together, as 4. and 2. makes 6 Take the halfe thereof which is 3. for the breadth, and then with 3. of breadth and 13 of length, resorte to the Table: in the Columne of 3 Fallis against the length 13. and you will finde 39 Fallis, for the quantitie of this piece of land here following. [^FIGURE OMITTED^] [}OF TRIANGLES, AND THE WAY HOW TO MEASURE THEM .}] A piece of land is called a Triangle, that is imagined to haue three sides and three corners: whether the sides bee equall or otherwise. There is no piece of land, but it may bee casten in Triangles, and so most truelie measured. And because it is requisite, that in the measuring of all Triangles, first to finde a right hanging or descending line in everie Triangle: by the helpe of the which Line all landes of Triangle fashion are brought to bee measured, and therefore the manner is here set downe.

[}HOW THE RIGHT DESCENDING LINE, IS DRAWNE IN TRIANGLES .}] The said Lyne is ever drawne, or imagined to come downe Square-wayes, from any corner of the Triangle to some of the sides thereof, as the descending Lyne in this figure following, betwixt a. and b. cutteth this Triangle, in the Lyne, c. d. Square-wayes in the point. b. and not as the other Lyne a. and e. doeth, [^FIGURE OMITTED^] After that the said descending Lyne is drawne, then to measure any Triangle, you shall first measure the lengthe of the said Lyne, and then measure the lengthe of that side of the Triangle, that the said Lyne cutteth Square wayes. This done, Take the halfe of the measure of any of the saids Lynes with the whole measure or length of the other Lyne, and with them as with the length and breadth resort to the Table, in manner following. [}EXAMPLE}] You shall imagine this Triangle following, that it is marked vpon the corners with a. b. c. d. to bee a peece of land whereof you desire to know the just quantitie. It is found that the descending Lyne, that is

brought from the corner a. to the side b. and meetteth Square at the point d. to be 24. Falles in lengthe and the side betweene b. c. to bee 40. Falles in length. Now take the halfe of the said descending Lyne, which is 12 Falles, and the length of the said Lyne b. c. which is 40. Falles, and resort to the Table with 12. in breadth and 40. in length, and in the Columne of 12. Falles of breadth, you will finde against 40 of le~gth, 3 acres for the qua~titie of this triangle folowing. [^FIGURE OMITTED^] (^It is not needfull to the common sort of people, to # trouble themselves to know any further concerning the Measuring of Land, but onlie to vnderstand these former bypast examples which may serve them for instruction to know how to measure all their Lands, and to finde the compt, what they containe in Acres, and other smaller quantities, But these other # examples following, as of vnequall peeces of Land, of Rounds,

of Triangle squares, of Woodes, Hilles, and Valleyes, with the examples of small measures both in length and the breadth is set downe to give contentment, to such as are curious, to # be resolved how they shall measure, and finde the quantitie of such fashions of Land, incase they shall have to do # therewith.^) [}THE RVLE HOW TO MEASURE VNEQUALL PEECES OF LAND .}] When any peece of Land happeneth to be lying in such forme, that it hath many vnequall points, and corners. Then because it is neither Triangle, nor Square, vntil it bee divided, and casten in three, or foure partes, as it will require. There is heere set downe three imagined peeces of Land, to bee reduced in Triangles, or Squares, and then measured by the order [^ORIGINAL: ordr^] of the rules before specified. [^FIGURES OMITTED^]

[}HEERE FOLLOWETH EXAMPLES HOW THE FORESAIDS FIGURS OF VNEQUALL FORME SHOULD BEE DIVIDED, & REDUCED, IN MANNER FORESAID .}] YOV may perceave that the first figure is casten into a Square, and two Triangles. The second figure is divided into two Triangles, and the third figure in three Triangles. Now after that you haue separated and casten the first figure in manner foresaide, then you are to knowe the manner how to measure it, and thereafter to finde the quantitie thereof. The manner how to measure it, is first, to mett and measure the Square peece, and thereafter the two Triangles. Now I suppone that the Square peece is found to be on everie side twentie Falles, which is both lengthe, and breadth. To know the quantitie thereof, you will find in the Columne of twentie Falles in breadthe, against the number of twentie Falles in lengthe two Acres, and two Roode, for the quantitie of the Square peece, and to measure the two Triangles at the ends of the saide Square, the descending Lyne of the vpper Triangle, is supponed to bee twelue Falles. The halfe whereof is sixe Falles for the breadthe, and the nether end of the said Triangle to be twentie Falles. Resort to the Table with sixe Falles in breadthe, and twentie in lengthe, and you will finde three Roodes, for the quantitie of the said vpper Triangle. Now to know the quantitie of the nether Triangle, the descending Lyne whereof, is supponed to bee foureteene Falles, The halfe whereof, is seven Falles for the breadthe, and the side of the Triangle to bee twentie Falles. Resort to the Table with seven Falles in breadthe, and

twentie in length, and you will finde three Roodes, and 20. Fallis for the quantitie of the nether Triangle. Now cast all these three summes into one (^viz.^) the quantitie of the square piece is two Acres two Roodes, with the quantitie of the vpper Triangle, which is 3 Roodes, and the quantitie of the nether Triangle, 3 Roodes 20. Fallis: they all extend to 4 Acres and 20 Fallis, which is the quantitie of the said first figure, here devided in this forme following. [^FIGURE OMITTED^] ALSO you see the second figure to bee devided in 2 parts of Triangle land, the descending line of the vpper Triangle, is supposed to bee eight Fallis: the halfe whereof, to wit, foure is the just breadth of the vpper Triangle: and the line that separates the two Triangles, to be 40 Fallis for the length of the said # Triangle: So foure Fallis for the breadth, with 40 for the

length, being brought to the Table, maketh the first Triangle to bee a just Acre of land. Now suppose the descending line of the nether Triangle to be 10 Fallis in breadth, the halfe whereof is fiue, and the said line of separation being 40 for the length, which being sought in the Table, will be an Acre and a Roode for the quantitie of the nether Triangle: So the quantitie of both is two Acres and a Roode for the quantitie of this figure. [^FIGURE OMITTED^] Also you see the thrid figure here following, is devided by the two lines of separation into three Triangles, which must be measured after the same manner, in the manner of Triangles, and compted by the Table with length and breadth as said is: And thus much for avoyding of tediousnesse. [^FIGURE OMITTED^]

[}THE RVLE FOR MEASVRING OF CIRCLES, OR ROUND PEECES OF LAND .}] A Round peece of Land is without corner, or square, and is called a Circle. The compasse thereof, is called the Circumference. The middle point is the Center. The Lyne going thorow the Center, or middest of the Circle, touching it on both sides, is called the Diameter: the half whereof, is called Semidiameter, and a peece of a Circle, is called an Arke. For measuring of all rounds, take the halfe of the Diameter for the breadth, and the halfe of the # circumference for the length, and therewith resort to the Table to finde the quantitie. Example, Imagine this present round figure to bee a peece of Land. The Circumference whereof to bee an hundreth, and twentie Falles, and the Diameter to be 40 Falles: take the half of the Diameter, which is 20 Falles for the breadth, and the halfe of 120 Falles, which is 60. Falles for the lengthe, resort to the Table therewith, and you will find 7 Acres, and 2 Roods, for the quantitie of this Circle. [^FIGURE OMITTED^]

AS for measuring of halfe roundes, you shall enter the Table with the halfe of the Circumference thereof for the length, and with the halfe Diameter for the breadth. Example, the length of the halfe Diameter of this halfe Circle, is 20 Falles, and the halfe of the Circumferenc is 30 Falles, which being brought to the Table to the Columne of 20 Falles in breadth, you will finde right against the number 30 of length, three Acres, and 3 Roods, for the quantitie of this half Circle. [^FIGURE OMITTED^] [}THE RVLE OF MEASVRING TRIANGLED SQUARES .}] Some peeces of land may fall out as these two figures following and such like. And albeit they may divided and casten in Triangles, and so by the rule of Triangles measured, yet they haue their proper rule, and measuring as followeth. You shall joyne both the measures of the endes in one summe, and take the halfe of that number for the bredth, therafter measure the length of the peece, as you see the Lyne drawne through the middest heere. Example, Suppone the end of the litle peece to bee 8 Falles, and the nether end 12 Falles, they being joyned and added together are 20. The

halfe whereof is 10, for the breadth, and the length of the middle Lyne, is 30 Falles. When you seeke the Table in the Columne of 10 Falles of breadth, you will find against the number 30. I. Acre, and 3 Roodes: and 20 Falles for the quantitie of this least peace, and in like manner, you shall measure the other figure also. [^FIGURE OMITTED^] [}THE RVLE FOR MEASVRING OF WOODS, MOSSES, AND LOCHES, OR OTHER PEECES OF LAND, WHICH IS DEFORMED, AND VNEQUALL IN ALL SIDES .}] FOR measuring such peeces of Land, as are evill fashioned, and cannot be measured, except it be casten in many Squares, and Triangles: then to save labour where Land is watrie, or can not bee seene for standing Wood, and such other impediments. For measuring thereof, or such other peeces of Land, as this present figure is, it shall bee best to adde

and joyne to the said peece of Land, so many portions at the deformed parts, as will make it square: or otherwise as you shall see this vnequall figure to bee heere following casten in a square. [^FIGURE OMITTED^] As there is augmented in the part marked a. five Falles, and in the part marked b. three Falles, in c. sixe Falles, in d. three Falles, and in e. two Falles, all which peeces heere beeing augmented, and put in one summe are 19 Falles. Now suppone that in measuring the whole square, you finde the length to be 67 Falles, and the breadthe 17: Then to know what number of Acres it containeth, you shall seeke the number of 17 Falles in the head of the Table. But because you haue not 67 Falles of length in one number, you shall take 60 of length, and then 7 of length both in that same Columne, and against the number of 60 you will finde 6 Acres, 1 Rood, and 20 Falles, and against the number of 7, you will find 2 Roodes, and 39 Falles, these being casten together will make 7 Acres, and

19 Falles, deduce the 19 Falles, that the said peeces of augmented Land extens to, and there will rest 7 Acres for the quantitie of the said peece of vnequall Land. [^FIGURE OMITTED^] [}THE RVLE FOR MEASVRING OF MOUNTAINE LAND, AND OF VALLEY GROUND. AND FIRST OF HILLES .}] YOV shall first measure the circuite of the base parte, or foote of the Hill, or Mountaine: Then measure the toppe thereof, and adde them both together, so must you doe with the ascense or sides of the Hill, that is to say, the going vp from the foot of the Hill, to the top thereof, and put the measure of the shortest and longest together, and take the half of the said ascense for the breadth, and the

halfe of the circuit, or compasse of the foot and toppe of the Hill, for the length, As for example. [^FIGURE OMITTED^] Svppone this figure marked e. f. g. to bee the mountain or Hill, the compasse of the foot thereof, is fund to be three hundreth Falles, the toppe thereof to bee 100 Falles, which are together 400 Falles for the length. Next the ascense betweene e and g. to bee 64 Falles, and the other ascense from f. to g. to bee 80 Falles. They beeing added together maketh 144 Falles, the halfe whereof, is 72 Falles for the iust breadth with these two summes we enter the Table, and because there is no page, nor Columne of 72 Falles of breadth together, therefore you shall take the Columnes of 70. Falles, of breadth, and of 2 Falles, and in the Columne of 70 Falles against the length 200 Falles you will find 87 Acres, and 2 Roodes, and in the page, or Columne of 2 Falles of breadth, against the said number of 200

Falles, you will finde 2 Acres, and 2 Roodes, which being added to the 87 Acres, and 2 Roodes, the whole is 90 Acres for the quantitie of this figured Hill. [}THE RVLE FOR MEASVRING OF VALLEYES .}] As in the mountaine, or Hill, you measured the circuit or compasse of the foot of the Hill, so, heere contrariwise you shal met round about the circuit or compasse of the height of the Valley: And as you measured the toppe of the mountaine, So shall you measure the bottome, or depth of the Valley, In like manner as you measured the ascense or going vp from the foot of the Hill, to the toppe thereof: So should you measure heere the descense, or going downe to the bottome of the Valley. Example is heere figured of a peece of Land of an vnequall Valley, that it may bee the rule for others. First, take the circuite of the height, which I suppose to bee 156 in the compasse about the top of the Valley, and the depth or bottome of the Valley to bee 24 Falles, adde them together they wil make 180. Falles, the halfe whereof is, 90. Falles for the breadth: then measure the descense or going downe of both the sides to the bottome, the one side wherof is, 152 Falles, the other side 188 they being added together are 340 Fals the half wherof is 170 Fals for the le~gth the~ with 90 Falles of breadth, and 170 Falles of length, seeke the Table in the Columne of 90 Falles in breadth, you haue not the full number of 170 Falles of length in one summe: you shall first take 100 and next 70 against the number of 100, you will finde 56 Acres, and 1

Rood, and against the number of 70, you will find 39 Acres, one Rood, and 20 Falles: adde these together they make 95 Acres, 2 Roodes, and 20 Falles, which is the quantitie of the said Valley. [^FIGURE OMITTED^]

[}OF BUILDING & SCLAITING}] I Doe not set downe the manner nor the way, how to measure the Masons nor the Sclaiters workes, because I know not the trew ground and manner thereof, but superceedes that to be done by a common sworne measurer of the best reputation and vnderstanding, who is to measure all workes justly in length and breadth according to some warrand and ground, whereby the owners of the workes knowing the length and breadth of everie House or Wall, Doore or Window, Roofe or Rin-roofe, Storme-window, Ape-house, Easinges, and Windskewes, and all other pieces of worke, they may resort to the Table here following, and finde the just compt what everie # particular piece of worke extendeth vnto in Roodes, Elles, and other small quantities, as is set downe in manner following. [}A DECLARATION OF THE TABLE MADE TO FINDE THE QUANTITIE, THAT ARISETH VPON ALL WORKE AND LABOUR, THAT IS MEASURED IN LENGTH AND BREADTH .}] This Table following is founded vppon the Ell of measure, whereof thirtie six Ells is compted for a Rood of worke, as is said here-tofore, it is set downe in divers Columnes. Each Columne containing three partes: To wit, the breadth of everie piece of worke set downe betweene the two small

black lines that is betweene the end of a Columne, and the # beginning of another Columne. The length is set downe vppon the left side of everie Columne, and the quantitie that riseth # vppon every length and breadth is the broad roome against the length in the narrow: containing Roodes, Ells, and quarter Ells as # they are titled vppon the head of everie number, in the same manner as the former table. Now to finde the compt of everie piece of worke, you shall seeke the compt thereof, as the compt of # measured land in the former table. [}EXAMPLE OF MASONS WORKE .}] A Mason hath builded a wall of 90 Ells of length, and 3 Ells and a halfe Ell of heigth and thicknes: to know what it containes in the whole, you shall cast vp the Columne of 3 # Ell, and the Columne of a halfe Ell, which are the Columnes of the breadth, and seeke the length 90 in everie one of them, you # will finde in the Columne of 3 Ells against the length 90 standing # 7 Roodes 18 Ells, and in the Columne of a halfe Ell against 90 # you will finde 1 Rood 9 Ells. These being added together will make 8 Roodes 27 Ells, which is the quantitie of the foresaid wall. [}EXAMPLE OF SCLAITING .}] A Sclaitet theiked a house of length 18 Ells, and of breadth 15 Ells and halfe Ell with 2 Apehouses, everie one of them 3 Ells of length, and of breadth and deepenes compting both the sides 7 Ells: quarter Ell: To know their quantitie, you must # seeke everie compt particularly: and first seeke the compt of the # house, in casting vp the Columne of 15 Ells of breadth, and the # Columne of a halfe Ell, In the Columne of 15 Ells against the length # 18, you will finde 7 Roodes 18 Ells, and in the Columne of a halfe Ell against 18 you will finde 9 Ells: These being added will make # 7 Roodes 27 Ells. Then to finde the quantitie of the Ape-houses,

seeke the Columne of 7 Ells, and the Columne of a quarter Ell, which are the breadthes thereof. In the columne of 7 Ells # against the length 3, you will finde 21 Ells. In the Columne of a # quarter Ell against 3, you will finde three quarters of a Ell. These # will make 121 Ells three quarters of an Ell for each Apehouse. The # quantitie of the two Ape-houses, and the quantitie of the house being added together will extend to 8 Roodes, 34 Ells, and a halfe # Ell for the quantitie thereof. And such like of all others. [}EXAMPLE OF TAPISTRIE .}] A Piece of Tapistrie is of length 6 Ells quarter Ell, and 4 # Ell halfe Ell of breadth. To knowe the quantitie thereof by this Table, you shall seeke the Columnes of 4 Ells, and the Columne of a halfe Ell, which are the breadth. In the Columne of 4 Ells against the length 6. you will finde 24 Ells, and in the # Columne of an halfe Ell, you will finde against 6, standing 3 Ells: # Now remember that the small measures of the length must bee # reckoned with the breadthe, then seeke the Columne of the small measure of the length, which is of a Quarter Ell, and # against 4. you will finde 1. Ell. Now you haue an halfe Ell to bee compted, and multiplyed with the Quarter Ell, which are the small measures to finde their quantitie, resort to this small # Table here set downe, and seeke the one of the small measures at the head of the Table, and the other at the side thereof: and # where they meet you will finde the quantitie as the Columne of # quarter Ell, and the Columne of halfe Ell, you will finde one eight # part Ell, or halfe quarter Ell at their meeting. These being added together will extend to 28 Ells and halfe quarter Ell, for the quantitie of the said piece of Tapistrie, and so of all # others: as you shall perceiue by this Table in the next page following.

[}THE DESCRIPTION OF THE TABLE SET DOWNE TO KNOW THE WEIGHT OF EVERIE LOAFE OF WHEAT BREAD AT ALL PRICES OF WHEATE .}] The particular weight of all quantities of wheate bread is most needfull to bee knowne of all indwellers within Brughes. And therefore I haue set downe this Table here following, which I made in Anno 1597 at the desire of the Bailies of Edinburgh, to resolve them what everie loafe of wheate bread should weigh, at all prices of wheate. It is # founded vppon a triall made by the counsell of the said Burgh in Anno 1555: who (after good consideration of the labour and all # charges needefull to bee allowed and deduced to the Bakers:) concluded that there should bee made 140 poundes weight of very fine wheate bread out of everie Bow of wheate. The which Table I amended and omitted forth the price of the wheate and bread not needfull, and haue augmented the prices of wheate betweene 16. lib. and 20 lib. the Bow, with the weight of the 2 shilling # loafe, which was not before. This Table, is devided in these 2 pages following, containing 4 Columnes in everie page. The first page hath the Columne of the prices of the wheate, beginning at 4 lib. descending downe to 4 lib. 10 shillings. Next to 5 # lib. and so foorth to 20 lib. The other 3 Columnes are the weight # of the 2 shilling loafe. The Columne of the 18 pennie loafe, and # of the 16 pennie loafe, and everie one of them containes 4 # numbers.

The first are pound weights, the second are ounces, the third # are drop weigths, and the 4 number are graine weights, as they are titled and marked vpon the head of everie number, as for # partes of graines they are not needfull to bee set downe. The second page, hath in like manner the prices of wheate in the first # Columne, in the second, the weight of the 12 pennie loafe, next of the 8 pennie loafe, and of the 6 pennie loafe with their # severall numbers of weight. If any Arithmetician bee curious, to know the partes of graines not set downe, let them resort to me, # and I shall giue them contentment. [}TO FINDE THE WEIGHT OF BREAD BY SOME EXAMPLES .}] In case the Provost, Bailies and Counsell of Edinburgh, # after tryall of the markets of Edinburgh, Hadingtoun, and Dalkeith, haue ordained that the Bakers shall baike 12 pennie loafes, and to keepe the poise or weight according to 13 lib. the Bow # of wheate: to know by the Table what weight the said loafe should weigh, you shall seeke the price 13 lib. in the first Columne # of the second page, and there against it, you will finde 8 ounces 9 # drop weight, and 30 graines for the weight thereof. Another example. The Bakers are ordained to baike 16 pennie loafes, according to 12 lib. 10 shillings the Bow of wheate: To finde the weight thereof, you will finde the Columne of the said loafe in the # first page, and seeke the price of 12 lib. 10 shillings in the # first Columne, and goe forth in one line towards the right hand, and you will finde in that Columne, against the said price 11 ounces 15 # drop weight and 5 graines: The thrid example. The Bakers are # ordained to baike 18 pennie loafes, according to 10 lib. 10 shillinges the Bow of wheate, you will finde in the Columne of 18 pennie bread, against 10 lib. 10 shillings, 16 ounces for the weight # thereof, and so forth of all other bread.

The preceeding Table is founded but vppon 140 pound weight of fine wheate bread: to bee made of everie Bow of wheate, conforme to the tryall made by the Counsell of # Edinburgh, and ordinance set downe there-vpon in Anno 1555 as said is. But now the said Counsell finding that albeit some of the # Bakers makes better bread then the rest: yet the best bread is not of that finenesse, that was ordained by that ordinance: and # therefore are of intention to make new trialls: like as the Burrowes at # their meeting in Aberdene, appointed the same to bee done at sundrie Burghes, for trying of all sort of wheate: the which trialls # being made and reported, I thinke that they will finde that the # Bowe of wheate, may render a greater quantitie of bread, then is set # downe in the said ordinance. And because all Lieges may not eate of # one kinde of bread, not yet should drinke of a like sort of # drinke, they will not onely make triall vppon the wheat, which may render two sortes of bread, but also of the Rye, Oates, Beanes, and Pease, for course bread to the meanest sort. And then the # prices of victuall being modefied after the rate of the fore-said # markers, by the said Counsell, and set in write vppon the crosse # monethlie, conforme to their ancient forme: to informe the Lieges of the # prices of victuall monethlie, the Tables to be made conforme to the new trialls, will shew them what weight of bread they should # haue for their money, conforme to the modefied price of victuall: # and so all persons will bee controllers of the poise and weight of # bread, to ease the Magistrates, and make the Lieges to bee more # dewlie vsed. I doe thinke they are also of intention to make triall # vppon the Beere and Malt, to trie what number of gallons of double # and single Ale and Beere the Bow of Malt may render: and thereby # to finde out the price of the pinte, both of Ale and Beere. I was of intention to haue set down the Weightes, Metts, # Measures, and coynes of all our neighbour countries, with the # difference betweene them and this Nation in everie thing: but I will omit that and other thinges, vntill I heare how this will bee # accepted, hoping that the best sort will take in good part my honest meaning. All praise to God. [^TRACTS BY DR GILBERT SKEYNE, MEDICINAR TO HIS MAJESTY. (COMPRISING 'ANE BREVE DESCRIPTIOUN OF THE PEST' AND 'ANE BREIF DESCRIPTIOUN OF THE QUALITEIS AND EFFECTIS OF THE WELL OF THE WOMAN HILL BESYDE ABIRDENE'). ED. W.F. SKENE. BANNATYNE CLUB. EDINBURGH 1860. PP. 3.1-45.28 (THE PEST)^]

[}TO THE READAR .}] Sen it hes plesit the inscrutabill Consall, and Iustice of God (Beneuolent readar) that this present plaig and maist detestabil diseise of Pest, be laitlie enterit in this Realme it becummis euerie one in his awin vocatione to be not only most studious be perfectioun of lyfe to mitigat apperandlie the iuste wrathe of God touart vs, in this miserable tyme: Bot also to be maist curagius in suffering of trauail, for the aduancement of the commoun weilth. I beand mouit in that part seand the pure of Christ inlaik, without assistance of support in bodie, al men detestand aspectioun, speche or communicatioun with thame, thoucht expedient to put schortlie in wryte (as it hes plesit God to supporte my sober knawlege) quhat becummis euerie ane baith for preseruatioun and cure of sic diseise quhairin (gude readar) thou sall nather abyde greit eruditioun nor eloquence, bot onlie the sentence and iugement of the maist ancient writaris in medicine expressit in vulgar langage without poleit or affectionat termis. And howbeit it become me rather (quha hes bestouit all my Zouthe in the Sculis) to had vrytin the samin in Latine, Zit vnderstanding sic interpryses had

bene nothing profitable to the commoun and wulgar people, thocht expedient and neidfull to express the sam in sic langage as the vnlernit may be als weil satisfyit as Masteris of Clargie. Quhilk beand acceptable and allowit be the Magistratis of this Noble Burgh, conforme to my gude mynde, sall God willing as occasioun and tyme sufferis treit this samin argument at more lenthe, quhilk presentlie for vtilitie of the pure, & schortnes of tyme, is mouit to set furthe almaist rude and imperfite, not doutand gentill Readar, bot thou will appryse the samyn with siclyk mynd as the pure Womanis oblatioun was apprysit be the Gude Lord, quha mot preserue the in helthe of Saule and bodie for euer & euer. So be it. [}ANE COMPENDIOUS DESCRIPTIOUN OF THE PEST. CAP. 1 .}] Ane pest is the corruptioun or infectioun of the Air, or ane venemous qualytie and maist hurtfull Wapour thairof, quhilk hes strenthe and wikitnes abone al natural putrifactioun & beand contractit first maist quietlie infectis the Spiritall partis of mannis bodie, thairefter the humoris, puttand fairest at the naturall Humiditie of the hart, quhilkis tholand corruptioun ane feuir mast wikit quietlie and theiflie strikis the patient: quhais bodie exteriourlie apperis weil at eis, bot interiourlie is maist heuelie vexit

Quhilk schortly may be descryuit. Ane feuerable infectioun, maist cruelle and sindre wayis strikand doun mony in haist. Heirfor it is maist vehement & hait diseis, that may put at mannis bodie, & maist dangerous, because it is difficil to knaw all thingis, quhilkis makis ane man propense to becum Pestilential. Alwais quhilk hes the cause frome the Heauins or corruptioun of Air, is properlie, be maist learnit, callit ane Pest: and quhilk is generit within vs or of vther causis is callit ane Malignant feuer. [}THE CAUSIS OF PEST. CAP. 2. }] It war difficill & tediouse to descryue all the causis of ane Pestilence. Heirfoir at this present I sall comemorat the principalis onlie be the quhilkis the rest may be vnderstand. Certane it is, the first and principal cause may be callit, and is ane scurge and punischment of the maist iust God, without quhais dispositioun in all thingis, vtheris secund causis wirkis no thing. So the Heauine quhilk is the admirable instrument of God blawis that contagioun vpone the face of the Earth, as quhan the maist nocent Sterres to mankynd conuenis, quhilkis be Astrologis ar callit infortunat. Or quhan Cometis with other wikit impressionis ar generit and preseruit in the Air, quhilk, of it self, beand

maist simple substance, and so incorruptible & necessar for mannis lyfe: nottheles resauis and admittis, baith frome the Heauinis, and inferiour Elementis mony infectionis and corruptioun, quhilkis ar the seid & cheif causis of sindre diseisis quhilkis ar callit Epidimiall, & thir causis in maist part ar vniuersall. Inferiour causis ar quhilkis occupeis ane Realme, ane people, ane Citie, or ane house thairof. Cause thairof is standand vatter, sic as Stank, Pule, or Loche moste corrupte, and filthie: Erd, dung, stinkand Closettis, deid Cariounis vnbureit in speciale of mankynd quhilkis be similitude of nature is maist nocent to man, as euerie brutall is maist infectand and Pestilentiall to thair awin kynd. Forther continuall schouris of Veit with greit sowthin wynde, or the samin blawand from pestiferous placis. The cause of pest in ane privat Citie is stinkand corruptioun and filth, quhilkis occupeis the commune streittis and gaittis, greit reik of colis without vinde to dispache the sam, corruptioun of Herbis, sic as Caill and growand Treis, Moist heuie sauer of Lynt, Hemp, & Ledder steipit in Vater. Ane priuat house infectis ather of stinkand closettis, or corrupte Carioun thairin, or neir by, or gif the inhabitantis hes inuiseit vther infectit Rowmis, or drinking corrupte Vatter, eating of Fruttis, or vder meitctis quhilkis ar corrupte, as we see dalie the pure

mair subiecte to sic calamitie, nor the potent, quha ar constrynit be pouertie to eit ewill and corrupte meittis, and diseisis contractit heirof ar callit Pandemiall. In euerie ane the cause is abundance of corruptible humoris collectit and generit of metis and drinke, quhilkis of ony lychte cause becummis corrupt, in mannis bodie als wikit as deidlie poysone. Finallie & principallie infectit Air quhilk all men drauis of be inspiratioun of necessitie for continuatioun of lyfe. Be the quhilk first the Spirituall partis, secundlie the humoris & naturall partis ar sair put at, in sum hastelie, in otheris laitlie or neuer, as ane be ane other is accustumit to diuersitie of meitis as the bodie is preparit & propense to corruptioun and finalie as dwelling and passioun of the forsaidis causis seruis. [}THE SIGNIS OF PEST. CAP. 3. }] Because the signis of the pest to cum, pertenis to preseruatioun fra the same it becumis to treit thame at mair lenthe. Quhat diligence I vse in this part referris to the iugement of the lernit readaris. The first treuest natural signe & cause is contineuall weit in the last part of the spring or begyning of Sommer without vindis, greit contineuall heit or Meridionall Vindis, with turbide mistie Air without weit signifyis

ane pest to cum in the Autumne nixt following. Ane siclik constitutioun Hippocrates Prince of medicinaris, notit in the Citie of Cranone, vpone the quhilk followit ane horrible pest. Also in tyme of Marcus Antonius was tua sic pestis, quhilkis occupyit the haile Warlde in siclyk maner that mankynd was almaist distroyit. Siclyk in the Zeir of God. 1450. enterit sic pestilence in Asia & occupeit Illirica, Dalmace, Italie, Germanie, France, and Spanze, mony zeris in sic maner, that the third part of the people in the Eird, war not left vnplukit away, be sic ane cruell miserable tiran & manslayar. Quhair by we may vnderstand the generall cause of sic maruelous calamiteis, to proceid frome the Heauinis & not onlie of mutatiounis of tempestis, albeit, humiditie and heit (I grant) be the parentis of corruptioun, beand destitute of motioun to tempre the samyn. The secund signe is also to be taken of the Heauin, as quhan the Eclypsis of the Sone ar greit and frequent, quhan Comeitis or fyrie inflammatiounis, or as Starris falland of the Heuin ar sene, for sic thingis procedis and ar generit of greit drouthe, and hait fyrie Vaporis, quhilkis corruptis the Air earest in the tyme of Autumne. Gif the growand treis aperis to birne it is mair certane signe of the calamitie to be at hand, becaus the inferiour regione of the Air,

not the farrest fra vs (quhilk is leist necessair to the lyfe) is alredie corrupte and infestit. Gif the Air perseueris lang tyme dry as full of pulder, with thik dry Cloudis (as notablie apperit all this last Somer) schawis ane pest to follow of sic nature. As quhan the Air apperis trubillit & thik in the Autumne & Vinter, as weit var to follow, and weitis nor, be assurit that constitutioune, to be maist corrupte. Ane pest in Somer, is signifeit be the spring precedand dry and cauld, thairefter Meridionall vynde, with perturbit Air, sumtyme hait, and vther tymes cauld, quhilkis als signifeis the Pokis, Mesillis, & siclik diseisis of bodie to follow: and as the pest procedes of infectit Air or Vater so it quhilk is generit of Air occupeis the heid & partis thair of & quhilk generis of Vater persis the hart maist vehementlie. Baith the sortis inuadis at al tymes of the Zeir, bot leist in Vinter, & Spring, ofter in Simmer, oftest of all in Autumne: quhilk maist notablie may be examinat exponand freshe Breid to the Air ane nycht quhilk gif it corruptis maist certainlie the pest is at the dur, gif it be not alredie enterit. as frequent wod Doggis prognosticats the samin, quhilkis be infectioun of Air or Vater becummis wod. Siclyk Volfis entering in ane Toune with continuall molestatioun is signe of Vodnes, for ouer greit audacitie schawis phreneisie. & be the samin cause, that brutall, becummis furious or degenerit frome

thair awin accustume of leauing, sic humoris corruptis in mannis bodie, as may gener ane pest quhilkis ar melancholius infectit, be pestilentiall corruptioun of Air or Vater. As befoir sic tymes, the Scheip, quhilkis ar mair vaik of nature nor man be deathe ar afflictit, precedis also, multitude of Padokis & Domestical Vormis callit in Latine (\Blattae\) , quhilkis ar generit of superflew fat Humiditie, maist repugnant to the helthe of man, as quhan the Moudeuart and Serpent leauis the Eird beand molestit be the Vapore contenit within the bowells of the samin. Quhilk infectioun bringis, baith man and beast to death, the soner gif sic incressis of lang tyme, and speciallie quhan the Domesticall foulis becummis pestilentiale, it is ane signe of maist dangerous pest to follow, because quhan the dryar and frear beist is infectit, mekil mair sall the man, quha is mair Humide of nature & subiecte to les lybertie, quhilkis may incres be vickit mutatioun of the four tymes in the Zeir touching the principall qualiteis and naturall constitutioun thairof, as ane notable change of ane naturall day sall testifie. Siclyk quhen pokis or sic Pustulis are frequent not onlie amangis barnis, bot also amangis those quha be of constant or declynand aige greit frequent south and south vest vyndis. Gif wemen with barn throw lycht occasioun pairt from thair birthe as

quhan efter vehemente heit in Somer, veit followis, and abundance of Padokis apperis colourit gray on the bak, of Purpoure or ony diuerse coloure on the vombe. As quhan Rosis and Violettis springis new in the Autumne, innumerable Vormis, Fleis, and serpentis, greit dethe of beast & fische, greit darthe of Vittail quharby men ar constrynit to eit ewil & corrupte meitis, maist certane of all, hait & Humide constitutioune of the haill Zeir the sone at ane houre schynand, thairefter obscure with turbulent Air, pronuncis ane pest to follow. And thir for vniuersale signis ar to be obseruit. [}QUHAT PLACIS AR MAIST PESTILENTIALL. CAP. 4. }] Thoise placis ar maist subiect to the pest, quhilkis ar neirby the see, situat touarte the southe on hicht, quhairby is abundance of corrupt standing Vater, quhair mony deid ar bureit, quhair the ground is fat and Vaporatiue incressis maist in tyme of coniunctioune & oppositioun of Sone and Mone. And quhen the Mone mouis onder Saturne and Mars, erestlie thair Quadrate Incressis maist at sone rysing, Sone going to, midday & midnycht. Thois men are maist subiecte to the pest, quhilkis hes abundance of thik corruptible humoris or blude, without thay be euacuat be opining of ane Vaine, or purgit be medicine, or sic corruptioun,

expellit be scabe or hulcer, quhilk is leist sure preseruative. Sic personis ar earest Bairnis Zoung Men & Wemen in thair flouris quha ar of humide & hait temperament. Nixt thame, quha are hait and dry, last of all quha ar dry and cauld: quhoubeit the last be dificillar to cure nor the first. Na pest continuallie induris mair than thre Zeris, athir because it hes not to vrge, or because the Air beand of maist lycht substance may not suffer forder putrefactioun & quhilk was corrupt befoir, farder becummis not corrupt, as rostin anis can not be maid raw againe, and skarslie in so lang tyme is the Air mouit and reneuit, and quhilk was corrupt transferrit in wyndis. And last our merciful omnipotent God puttis mesoure to the panis of the wikit, be repentance of mankynde, or for the weilfair of the electit, quha maist effecteouslie prayis to his maiestie to that effecte. [}QUHAIRBY CORRUPT BE PEST MAY BE KNAWIN. CAP. 5. }] Thair is mony notis quhilkis schauis ane man infectit be pest. First gif the exteriour partis of the bodie be caulde, and the interiour partis of the bodie vehement hait. As gif the hoill bodie be heauie with oft scharpe punctiounis, stinkand sueiting tyritnes of bodie, ganting of mowthe, detestable brathe with greit

difficultie, at sumtyme vehement feuer rather on nycht nor day. Greit doloure of heid with heauynes, sollicitude & sadnes of mynd: greit displesour with sowning, quhairefter followis haistelie deth. As greit appetit and propensnes to sleip albeit on day, rauing and walking occupeis the last. Cruell inspectioun of the ene, quhilkis apperis of sindre colouris, maist variant dolour of the stomak inlak of appetite, vehement doloure of heart, with greit attractioun of Air: intolerable thirst, frequent vomitting of diuers colouris or greit appetit by daylie accustum to Vomit, without effecte: Bitternes of mowth, and toung with blaiknit colour thairof & greit drouth: frequent puls small & profund quhais vrine for the maist part is turbide thik & stinkand or first vaterie colourit thairefter of bilious colour, last confusit and turbide, or at the beginning is zallow inclyning to greine (callit citrine collour) and confusit, thairefter becummis reid without contentis. Albeit sum of thir properteis may be sene in haill mennis vater, quhairby mony ar deceauit abydand Helth of the patient, quhan sic vater is maist manifest sing of deth, because the haill venome & cause coniunit thairwith, leauand the naturall partis occupeis the hart and nobillest interioure partis of the body. Last of all and maiste certane, gif with constant feuer, by the earis, vnder the oxstaris,

or by the secrete membres maist frequentlie apperis apostumis callit Bubones, without ony other manifest cause, or gif the charbunkil apperis hastelie in ony other part, quhilk gif it dois, in the begining, testifeis strenthe of nature helth, and the laitter sic thingis appeir, and apperand, it is the mair deidlie. At sumtym in ane criticall day mony accidentis apperis principalie vomiteing, spitting of blude, with sweit, flux of womb, bylis, scabe with dyuers others symptomis, maist heauie and detestable. [}SIGNIS OF DETH IN PESTILENTIAL PERSONIS. CAP. 6. }] The principall signis of dethe in pestilentiall personis, ar frequent swoning, cauld Sweiting, Vomitting, materis of diueris coloris, principallie inclyning to blak with sic excrementis maist corrupt & teuch, quhais Vrine ar blak, or coloure of Leid with abhominable corruptioun and fleure, tyritnes of bodie, crampe or conuulsioun in exteriour memberis inlaik of vertue motiue or appetite fra the begyning, with imperfectioun of speche and stinkand breithe: dolore of the intestynis, speciallie colik dolore, with Wormis: swolling of the bodie, as in hydropisie: the visage of diueris coloris, with reid spottis on the bodie quhilkis haistelie discoueris or coueris thameself. The ma of thir signis concurrand the patient is neirer dethe. And

albeit few appeir in sum personis, nottheless the patient may inlaik be other diuerse accessis. As quhan the hoill cause and corrupt vennum occupeis the hart, at quhilk tym natur employit it self to exclude all iniuris, nathir attentis nor may expell sic ane horrible monstour fra the spirituall partis, without support of medicinall handis, quhais deute and office is to behald nature quhair it virkis weill, & support quhair it inlaikis, or apperis to be ourcum: for inlaik of the quhilk, with negligence of assisteris, pouertie and ignorance of the patientis, quhan all apperis to succede weill, than the tirane sessinis rute and slayis sonest. Doutsum signis of deth or lyfe ar, detestatioun of meit, the toung blak & dry, the patient beand without rest & ressone inlakand sleip, quhilkis gif thay appeir with any of the signis befoir expressit, schawis certane dethe. Forder the cause quhairby few ar preseruit, & rest out of the handis of sic ane tirane in this cuntray, is maist euident (excep and the wraithe of God, for oure sinnis) the negligence & Stupiditie of mankynd, contemptioun of medicine, ewill gouernance of the patient in maneir of leauing tuiching meit & drink sleiping & walking trauell and rest, excretioun and retentioun, with maneris of the mynd. Or finalie because medicinaris ar mair studious of thair awine helthe nor of the commoun weilthe,

& mony temptand God or abydand beneficie of nature, quhilk is infirme without support in all diseasis, had rather depart riche nor leife pure, or diminew their fortune ony wayis. Sen so it is, that man is become so ignorant, that he wattis not quhat he aucht to do, nor quhat he abydis (Specialie at this tyme, quhan ane abhorris ane other, in sic maneir, as gif nothing of humanitie war restand, bot all consumit, euerie ane abydand dissait of ane other, colorand the samin, with affectit eloquence, subtilitie, and grauitie quhilk for maist part may be repute vanitie, as in Bairnis, nature is nakit and scairslie apperis, in zoung men sumquhat couerit, in men of aige mony wayis disagysit, be sophisticall profluence of wordis: in all the thre, maist deformit be confessioun of mouthe, quhairupone followis immanitie quhilk at last birnis in man, contractit be continuall daylie heit & finalie be ferocitie & pertinacitie, inuadis euerie nixt duellare, and is discouerit onlie be the interpryse. I wald vis sic corrupt nature, to be exilit or punisit, the persone beand saife and nowayis dishonorit. Gif I wald treate this argument at sic laser, as it is to be lamentit, I shulde enter in ane patent Campe, quhilk perchance mair vyislie I pas by and prescryuis as God will assist (quha is onlie the trew Medicinare of bodie and saull) sic thingis as may be conducent for preseruatioun

thingis as may be conducent for preseruatioun and cure of pestilentiall sicknessis. Quhairin I am constrynit of necessitie to use the prescriptioun of sum Medicinis in latine, quhilkis can not guidlie be put in vulgare langage, & albeit thay war, zit suld be als obscure to the vnlernit redar as thay ar in latine. Quhat euerie man hes ado thairwith, may have the samin fra the Apothecaris, preparit with als guid faith and diligence, as thay ar prescriuit with beneuolence. [}PRESERUATIOUN FRA THE PEST. CA. 7. }] The principal preseruatiue cure of the pest is, to return to God, quha is maist puissant with ane affectionat and ardent will and hart, to imploir the support of his Maiestie, be the intercessioun of his deir Sone Iesus Christ, to pacifie his wrathe aganis vs takand away sic punischement: and as he hes saifit vs fra eternall deithe, so he wald saif vs fra sick corporall dethe quhilk iustlie for oure demeritis persecutis vs. Thairfor not pretermittand sic support as it hes plesit his Godlie will to schaw vs, be guid succes of dew prescriptioun of nature be quhilk meanis, reasone prescryuis preseruatioun to consist in twa thingis: first to prepair the bodie apte to purgatioun: Secundly to mak it quhilk may offend debile in actione or impressioun.

The first is perfitit be mundificatioun and corroboratioun of the bodie, quhilk salbe esilie done gif superfluite or corruptioun of humoris be euacuat and purgit, stoppand siclyk to gener in tymis cumming, purgatioun is perfytit mony wayis as be the Intestines, Vrines, Exercise, Sueit, fasting, and difflatioun. Euacuatioun is perfitit be blude drawing, befoir or efter that ony persone hes bene in suspect place, in speciall of the Vaine callit Mediana of the richt arme takand in quantitie as strenth, temperament, consuetude, aige, and tyme may suffir. Euerilk ane remouand thame self fra cuntrey, town, and Air, infectit or suspect and quha may not do the samyn, or mowit be Christiane Cheritie will not, man be studious to liue in fre Air, escheuand sic constitutioun of Heauin and Elementis as befoir is expressit to be maist wikit, as cauld at morning and ewin, fleure of stank or corrupt reueir, with all vther fylthy corruptioun correctand the Air vniuersalie or priuatlie be fyre & suffumigatioun maid be aromatical materialis, hait or cauld as the present constitutioun sall require, for certaine it is, be experience of Medicinaris obseruit at all tymes, that fyre is ane Antidote contrarie the pest and all corruptioun. As ane notabill historie of Hippocrates dois report, in quhais dayis quhan pestiferus wyndis blew fra Afrik & AEthiope vpon the toun of Athenis, folowit ane horrible pest

he causit sic fyris to be maid, as be the quhilkis the toun was delyuerit fra sic infectioun. The samyn Empedocles and Acreon causit the Grecianis do in tyme of pest, quhairby the Air was maid dry and of gude odour quhilk stopit all forder putrefactioun, heirfoir, first of all, fyre made of fir or akin tymmer ar maist lowable, makand suffumigatioun thairwith of the tre of Aloes, Calamus callit Aromaticall, Asarum the scrufe of Citroun, Saifroun, Cannel, Cypir, Coste: Galange, Caryophillis, the tre and Granis of Iuniper, Rosmarie, leauage, Balme tre, Laure tre, Squinanthe, callit Iuncus odoratus, Ladanum myrrhe, Minte, Origanum, the rute of Valeriane, Pulege, Saige, Sauine, Tamarisce, Rosait, Acorus, Aspic, Basilic, Tyme, Calamint, Mariolaine, Finkill, Hysop, or otheris of sic quality as the tyme sall require, sic as hait & dry in Vynter, cauld & humide in Sommer mouand the reik be vinagir temperat with vyne & Rose vater perfumand also al claithis in priuat lugeingis with the reik of sandal, rose vater or sic lyke other materialis. And as ony of the simplis befoir written seruis, siclyk compositionis may be maide of the sam, in forme of trociseis, thik pulderis, candillis or pomis odoratiue in this maneir. [^LATIN OMITTED^]

In tyme of Symmer rosis nenuphar, sandile of all sortis, orange appillis. Duelling towart the

northe, temperand the air in priuat lugingis, be aspersioun of cauld vater mixit with vinager, or claythe vat thairin and hung by the vallis as tapestrie, leauis & flouris of cauld herbis quhilkis be contrarius qualiteis temperis & correctis all pestilenciall corruptioun of air, beand vsit, at the fairest hour of the day oppinnand dure & vindois towart the Septentrionall partis: in vtheris tymes of zeir towart the Orient gif no thing be repugnand thairtill. Obseruand also that na domesticall beast, sic as Dog or Cat, vaig abrod in tyme of pest. Quha ar in helthe & refusis or neglectis forder preseruatioun, & speikis suspecte personis maist be far separat fra vthir haueand in mouthe a lytill of the rute of angelica, zedoaria, apill renze, dictannus, raphort, or takand at morning twa spunfull of quhyte odoratiue subtile vyne, quhairin ane clene raphort cuttit smal had bene steipit aucht dayis, eikand thairwith as tyme seruis, the granis of Iuniper, or the rute of valeriane, & at quhat tyme the air is maist corrupt, tramp ane vater spunge, or claithe in vinagir, quhairin rew hes bene steipit, takand the odoure of the samin. Bot in sic vechtie diseise, mair profitable it war to vse preseruatiue remeid conforme to the logicale cuir befoir insinuat, quhilk is maist necessair & profitable in al diseisis that may inuaid humane nature. Quhairby mony Emperikis & methodikes may be iustlie

vituperate and punisit in this Realme: of quhome the first professis onlie experience without reasone, quhilk is maist dangerous, the othir reasone without experience, quhilk is maist tolerable, bot not sufficient, misknawand baith that nane of Godlines may (nor dois in vther Realmis) interpryse sic professioun without sufficient experience haueand medicinal & Philosophical reasone to appreue and confirme the samyn: quhais temeritie I pas by, prescryuand sic medicinis preseruatiue, as baith be reasone & experience ar maist approbat, & conuenient: quhairfor efter euacuatioun the nixt day at morning. (\Rec. oximell. vnc. duas, aquae betonicae cichorii sing. vnc. vnam et semis misceantur pro vna do`si.\) continwand the samyn thre morningis or forder quhill signis of sufficient Preparatioun appeir, thairefter. [^LATIN OMITTED^] Quha knawis not quhat humor redundis maist in thair bodeis, tak ane drach of pil. aggregatiue, quhilkis are maist profitable in sic cais. The nixt day thairefter ane drachme of Theriac is conducent, quhilk because in thir dayis is not weill dispensit, nor to be had guid, twa drachmis of this electuare followand may be takin in place of the samyn.

[^LATIN OMITTED^] , mixand thairwithe foure partis honye, beand weill despumit reseruand the samyn in ane syluer veschell, as ane maist pretious thesaure quhilk seruis not onlie for preseruatioun, fra the pest bot also is guid for cure of the samyn and is repugnand to all vther kynd of poysone, or byt of Serpent, forder ane drachme of the pulder or hypericon with guid vyne may be takin for preseruatioun. als four scrupulis of the pil. of Ruffus ar maist profitable, quhilkis beand tane oft befoir (sayis Ruffus) preseruis maist surlie fra the pest, & ar callit be some, (\pilulae communes\) , be vtheris (\pilulae Arabicae, vel pilulae contra pestem\) , quhilkis are dyuerse vayis dispensit, as followis. (\Rec. aloes Hepatici partes duas, ammoniaci electissimi partes duas, myrrhae electae partem vnam, cum vino odorato formentur\) vther

wayis. (\Rec. aloes vnc. duas, myrrhe, croci, sing. vnciam, bol. Arme. drac. vnam, fiat massa.\) maist I commend the first compositioun, without ane half vnce of guid auld theriac, be augmentit to the last. Ane thing mouis me to commend the saidis pil. quhilk is the simplis quhair of thay ar maid quhilkis preseruis ane deid bodie fra corruptioun & ar maist repugnant to infectioun in leuand man or voman. And albeit I repugne not to the iugement of Ruffus nor Gal. quha commendis sic compositioun, zit for this tyme, cuntray, & present diseise to the forder aduancement of mundificatioun of mannis bodie I wald thay war preparit in this maneir. [^LATIN OMITTED^] Quhilkis thingis abone writtin may be vsit indurand all the tyme of Vynter, refreschand the samyn with vater of rosis & cichorie in Sommer obseruand alwayis, that quha hes abundance of flewme in the stomak, to purge the samyn be vomiting. Of exterioure preseruatiuis, fair cleine odoratiue claithis ar maist commendabill with oft changing thairof duelling in luging patent towart the occident or septentrione, far

fra corruptioun, quhairin odoratiue treis, herbis flowris, befoir expressit, be vsit in suffumigatioun birning, or inspersione: na man passand furthe of lugeing, quhill twa houris after sone rysing, nowayis in mistie weddir without necessitie compel, & that be efter meit rather nor fastand, oyntand also the stomak, lewer, & secreit membris with this oyntment. [^LATIN OMITTED^] All meitis preseruatiue most be of gude subtill substance, & dry, in speciall for thame, quha ar of humide temperament. Trauaill & greit fasting mundifeis (I grant) bot vaikis thair with: as laborious exercise, or sweting, in corrupte Air ar maist dangerous, heirfoir temperance in trauaill or rest, sleiping or walking meittis or drink with temperat hilaritie & blythnes ar maist commendable. Twichand meittis, flesche is maist proper quhilk generis louable humoris, & is of facill digestioun, Sic as Pertrik, Phasiane, Lauerok, Hen, Turture, Kid, Mottoun, Cunning, Veill, & siclyk otheris, vsand thairwith Garyophillis, and Cannell pulderit, all fischis most be sodin with vater, vinagir, pulder of Cannel, & Gingiber. Abstenand fra dalie vse of fatt or soddin meittis. Of herbis the Latuce, Cichorie, Purpie, Sourak, Pimpinell, Vetoun, Finkill, Anethe,

Borage, Endiue, Garlik in lytill quantite, Raphorte dissoluit in Vyne or vinagir, may be vsit, preparand the samyn as becummis euery ane in thair awin nature. Of fructis, feggis, bytter almondis, dry rasingis, sowr apill of peir, orange, citroun, or limown, caperis, soure prunis, or cheryis, with daylie use of vinagir or vergeus with all sortis of meittis: drinkand cleir quhyt odoratiue Vyne, temperat with vater, veschand face, mouthe, & handis, at morning with vyne temperat with rois vater, drawand at neis the decoctioun, of the leauis of laure, oyntand the eiris with (\oile de spica\) , hauand in mouthe the seid of citroun, abstenand fra sleip on day lycht, Ire, crying, Venus playis, as fra maist dangerous enemeis. Abstenand also fra all meittis quhilkis corruptis haistely, as fra varietie of the samyn, quhilkis offendis at all tymis. & speciallie fruttis quhilkis bene collectit after contagious air, Swyne flesche, Fowllis that swomis in vater, vsand at morne ane spunfull of the rute of Aristoloche in pulder with half Vyne, quhilk resistis to putrefactioun & purgis the hart pypis. Sicklyk the pulderis of Vnicorne, bole armenik, Hart horne, Peirll, Corall, Smaragde, Saphir, Iaspe, Rubine, drunkin with conuenient decoctioun, ar maist preseruatiue. Of quhilkis diuerse compositionis may be preparit, as this wayis. [^LATIN OMITTED^]

Als the oile of Scorpionis, viperis, or Iuniper ar maist conuenient to oynte the arteiris, hart, neisthrillis, & stomak, as in the begynning of the pest to drink thairof ane halfvnce, or les conforme to the strynthe of the patient, for extreme remeid is best, in maist dangerous & extreme diseis, & quha curis surelie, beginnis not, at lychtest, bot equal remedis: as purgatioun in pestilenciall feueris aucht to be, at begynning, quhilkis commonlie iudgis & promisis deith, rather nor lyfe. Quhay ar constrynit to visie infectit be pest, first of all most remoue the opinione of dethe, bot not the dredour of God, heirfor nethir delyt in perral, nor temerariouslie incur the samyn, without cheritie towart thy nychtbour, or the glorie of God (quhilk is to be preferrit to all thing) moue the. Takand befoir visitatioun the rute of AEnula in mouthe, veschand face, handis, teith & mouth, with salt vater in Vynter, with rois water, & thrid part vinager in Sommer, quhilkis thingis corroborattis the spiritis & hart of man, purgand thairwith befoir vniuersalie, as tyme, redundand humoris, & temperament

requyris. Opinnand all obstructionis, be conuenient decoctionis, sic as Oximell, Serap. Acid. Bizant. or siclyk vtheris conuenient for the tyme. Cohibite also spiratione, to escheu occasioun of new corruptioun, be temperat lotionis or vnctionis with oile of chamemele, or oile of rew in Vynter, & as aboundance or intemperance of blude requyris, euacuate the sam as aige, nature, tyme, zeir, or vse admittis: in man opinnand the vayne callit mediana, in vemen saphena, the nixt day thairefter. [^LATIN OMITTED^] , of the quhilk ane spunefull with conuenient decoctione is excellent preseruatiue for vemen, takin befoir the tyme of natural purgatioun, siclyk efter blude drawing or purgatioun vse this pulder quhilk is maist preseruatiue in prouoking of sweit. (\Rec. dictamni albi vnciam, radicis tormentillae vnc. semis puluerizentur, ex quibus commistis drachmam dabis ex aquae endiuiae et aceti pari proportione.\) Prouokand sweit & sleip thairefter, & quha ar corrept be pest augment als meikill of theriaca, procurand sweit without sleip. vtherwais, (\Rec. tormentillae, boli armenii praeparati, corallor. rubeorum et alborum, dictamni albi, gentianae

terrae sigillatae sing. Drachmam, omnibus tritis et mistis puluis paretur\) , of the quhilk ane drachme of veicht seruis, takin dalie befoir meit with vater of rosis endiue, sourokis, or vyne. Gifand to barnis ane scruple thairof, quhilk expellis wormis of thair bodyis, quhairby Zouthe is maist subiecte to pest and deithe. And because varietie in medicine (as in all vther affairis) is maist pleasand, this pulder seruis maist properlie, & is maist preseruatiue. [^LATIN OMITTED^] Of the quhilk tak twa drach. daly at morning. Affixand thairefter an Emplaister vpone the breist of materialis maist conuenient, (\vt absynthio, menta crispa vel romana, farina lupinorum, foliis persici, et felle tauri\) . In Sommer Wemen with barne or pure, quha may not spend large on medicine (\Recipiant bolum acetosae herbae aceto maceratae vel liquorem stillaticium eiusdem cum modico vini, hyeme praesertim\) , Quha als may beir the rute of tormentill in thair mouthe in tyme of visitatioun, takand thairwith the odore of vinagir, or minte. Maist specialy of al as respondent humoris requyris. Vse pilulis, baith for corroboratioun and mundificatioun of the bodie confite

in this wayis. [^LATIN OMITTED^] Quha ar of strenthe in bodie tak the haill at anis, quha ar vaik & of small constitutioun, tak tham at twyse, quhilkis ar sufficient preseruatioun for all that leuis temperatlie, beand takin tuyse or thryse in the zeir. Followis ane vther remede for the pure preseruative for ane half zeir, quhilk principalie auld people or quha ar of humide temperament mot use, in cauld vedder. [^LATIN OMITTED^] Vtherwayis, (\Rec. Castorei veri, aristolochiae rotundae, sing. Drachmas duas, gentianae drachmam, baccharum lauri drac. quatuor, ex omnibus fiat puluis.\) Gif ane drachm thairof or les, as aige & natur of the resauer requyris with vyne, or some conuenient vater, anis daylie for preseruatioun, or tuyse in tym of cure. Ane pulder for Vinter. (\Rec. storacis iridis, mastiches ana. partes duas, gariophilorum, maceros, nucis moschate, cinnamomi, croci, ana.

partem vnam ambrae partis vnius, quintam, moschi partis vnius decimam, fiat.\) Ane pulder for Sommer. [^LATIN OMITTED^] : of thir pulderis odoriferous ballis may be maid in Vynter, with stirace. In Sommer with vatter of rosis & tragacanthe, eikand thairtill at all tymes, sa meikill of ladane as salbe thocht expedient. Siclyk the pulderis dry, may be cassin amangis claith or suffumigatione maid tharof: als the samyn inclusit in purpoure taffaties, may be maid and applictit as ane tairge defensiue for the hart. Thair is greit strenthe als in the oile of Scorpionis oyntand the arteris feit & handis, thair with as quha ar correpte oyntand the heid, breist, crag, and quhar heuyest diseis apperis, supportis greitumlie. (\Taxus barbatus\) is also of greit strenthe, quhilk brutall beists techis vs as the quhittrat beand hurt be venome of serpent, seikis & eittis thairof als certan it is the Iuce of the samyn drunkin with small vyne of gud odour, baith preseruis fra pest, & curis the same. Coriander preparit eitin befoir & efter meit is preseruatiue also: as mony vtheris simplis & composit medicines may be prescryuit, quhilkis I pretermit to forder lasair.

[}CURE OF THE PEST. CAP. 8. }] Becaus the office of ane Medicinar consistis in twa partis, first to eschew & preserue fra all diseisis quhilkis apperis to follow mannis bodie: Secundlie to cure it quhilk is alredie contractit: the first part beand expede in sa far as this present institute requiris, followis the secund part, als compendiously as it may be treitit. Heirfoir quhasoeuir findis tham selfis pestilenciall, incontinent tak ane iniectione maid of sufficient quantite of brw of ane foull weil salt with twa fresche eggis, and thre vncis of hunny rosate, thairefter tak some (\Antidote cordiale\) (becaus that venome for maist part drauis to the hart) obseruand alwayis that vitall facultie become not debile, heirfoir at beginning ather drink Iulepe, or opiate, conuenient with motione, frictione, & sic thingis as bringis furthe all contagione maist learnitly prescryuit. Obseruand alwayis that walking, motione and frictionis, debilitatis the spiritis. For as natural facultie, & it quhilk is callit (\animalis facultas\) , ar maist strenthy & best at eis, the vitale faculte becummis the mair feble. For support of the quhilk. [^LATIN OMITTED^]

[^LATIN OMITTED^] Within thre houris efter the taking of this antidote gif ony aposteme apperis, affix ane Ventose thair till, gif na sic apperis, affixe the samyn be the earis, onder the oxstaris, & by the secreit membris, drawand blude of the arme copiously, gif abilitie of nature may suffir the sam. And gif swelling or dolor appeir in the heid or crag, oppin the vaine callit (\cephalica\) quhilk apperis in the exteriour part of the arme, gif betwix the heid & secret memberis sic appeir, oppin that vaine of the Leuer, quhilk is situat in the inuart part of the arme. Gif benethe the secreittis sic diseis appeir, the interioure vaine of the fute callit (\saphena\) moist be opinnit. Gif baith abone & vnder dolor apperis, oppin the (\saphene\) & of quhat syde dolor vrgis maist, draw blude of the samin part, as gif dolor be of athir side, tak of the richt arme. Gif na apperance be of aposteme nor greit doloure, tak blude of that (\saphenis\) of athir partis. Efter blude be drauin. (\Rec. smaragdi subtilissime contritae ponders granorum, hordei octo, cum aqua, rosata et gutta boni vini deglutiatur\) , and this for the first day,

and gif the antidote befoir may not be had, (\Rec. aloes partes duas, Ammoniaci, thimiamatis partes duas, myrrhae partem vnam hec trita in vino odorato fabae magnitudine detur quotidie.\) The nixt day thairefter. [^LATIN OMITTED^] Preparand for vse ane epitheme for the hart of vater of rosis, violeis, buglose vinagir, vyne of granatis, camphore, sandilis, and vyne. Als quhais nature is stark, vse of thir pilulis at begynning quhilkis ar also preseruative. [^LATIN OMITTED^] is sufficient dose, to be takin, twyse of thryse in the owk for preseruatioun, or ar begyning be tham quha ar correpte. Ane pulder curatiue. [^LATIN OMITTED^] quhilk gif the patient vomitis not & sweittis, salbe restorit to helthe, and quha vomitis the samin for the

maist part sall dee. And becaus in ane feuer pestilenciall the humoris & spiritis corruptis first haistelie in the hart, efter the pacient be placit at begynning of the feuer in ane quiet chalmer, quhair in is greit hait fyre, castand tharvpone vinager & rose vater, to procure gude odour, the pacient mouand to abstein fra sleip, vsand ane opiate cordial, clister, blude drauing, ventosis, & medicine, as sal be thocht necessar & profitable prepair & vse this epitheme. [^LATIN OMITTED^] , applicand the samin hait vpon the partis pectoralis, with ane lytill scarlote trampit in the decoctioun thairefter lyand in bed varme couerit abstenand fra sleip the first nicht, beand of guid comfort. In tyme of drouthe takand a lytill of the conserue of buglose or rossis oyntand the fillottis and bak with ane vnguent maid of quhit valx, oyle of rossis, & vinagir, procurand sweit, with this decoctioun or sic vther. [^LATIN OMITTED^] , sone thairefter vsand ane lycht purgatioun of sic medicines as ar befoir prescriuit or in this maneir [^LATIN OMITTED^]

Last confirmand the hart baith be exteriour and interiour medicines quhairby, efter euacuatioun, purgatioun, & vomiting. [^LATIN OMITTED^] And becaus frequent vomiting and swoning ar greit impediment to retene ony cordiall medicine, the stomak maist be corroborate & strenthit this vayis. (\Rec. olei ros. myrr. cidon. sing. vnc. duas, olei nardini vnc. semis. vngatur superior ventriculi pars\) , for swoning & trembling of the hart, applik the Epitheme preparit as befoir four or fyue times in the nycht. And gif strinthe apperis to inlaik & signis of dethe appeir sic as oft swoning, diuerse colour of visage, blak excrementis, putride vater, swift breith, crampe, suolling of the haill bodie, in sic case draw na blude,

bot vse this electuare. [^LATIN OMITTED^] And becaus mony nethir will nor may haif tyme, to draw blude, at begining of pest (as I wald na man did efter 24 houris be passit fra the first hour of sic diseis). It becummis siclyk to procure sueiting, quhairby al pestilencial mater may be expellit, to the quhilk effect this pulder seruis maist propirly. [^LATIN OMITTED^] Quha ar hurt be pest may tak ane drach. thairof with vyne mixt with thrid part of vater or with rose, or sowrak vatteris. Sueitand aucht houris thairefter, dichtand the samin with lining claithis, abstenand fra sleip, meit, and drink, at sic tyme. Thairefter vsand medicine lenitiue, quhilk man be of sic qualite as may purge al superflew flewme as may redunde in all naturall partis, augmentand strenthe of the heid, hart, stomak & leuer,

quhilk may be preparit thus vayis. [^LATIN OMITTED^] : quhilkis ar gude for all aige, as the simplis quharof thay ar componit dois approue, quhilkis also ar maist cordial as saiffrone comfortis the hart, generis gude blude, & mundifeis is quhilk is corrupte, & drauis the streinthe of medicines quhairwith it be componit to the hart, sicklyk aloes purgis baith bilious melancholious, & phlegmatik humoris, mundifyis the heid & stomak, preseruis fra all putrifactioun, & quha vsis the same oft, sall incur na incurable diseis. Mastic comfortis the stomak, expellis fra the samin all teuch raw fleume. Myrrhe mundifeis the harnis and conseruis fra al putrefactioun in tym of drouthe vse this iulepe. [^LATIN OMITTED^]

The secund day commonlie suelling dois appeir, quhairfoir ane fomentatione is maist proper, preparit of the decoctioun of chamemile affixand ventosis at quhat part nature inclinis to exoner itself. Immediatlie thairefter. (\Rec. tamarindorum drac. decem. quae ferueant in aqua, exprimantur & proijciantur, decocto rheibar. drac. vnam, agarici drach. semis, addentur fiat potus qui tepide hauriatur.\) Auicene gaif at sic tyme, twa vnce of rose vater ane vnce of smal quhyt Odoratiue Vyne, ane drachme of bole armenik in pulder, quhilk gif the pacient vomitis, it is ane deidlie signe, as quha retinis the samyn, may be saif. Quhairfoir ane Epitheme for the hart, is conducent befoir, preparit of vater of rosis, violetts, borage, vinagir vyne, of granattis, camphore, santalis, and ane lytil vyne at euin. [^LATIN OMITTED^] The thrid day, ane drac. of the antidote befoir dispensit conforme to the iugement of ane singular veil lernit medicinar (zea flour of Italie in his dayis) with als meikle of sucker ros. at morning may be vsit, takand also, as plesis the pacient ane spunefull of the Syrupe callit (\de acetositate citri.\) at euin gif na discharge of natur dois appeir, tak twa vnc. of the iuce of Calendula, verbene, or vertoun, prouokand sueit. Thairefter as ony pestilenciall swolling apperis it must be

fomentit with the decoctioun of the rute of lilie, maw, althe, cammeile, anete, & adiante, affixand ane cataplasme of floure of quheit, fresche butter & oile, to support nature, in expulsion of sic venemous mater. Drauand the samin to the maist ignoble & exteriour partes, obseruand the nethir cathartical medicine be gifin, nor vomiting procurit at sic tyme quhilk may augment the feuer, & debilitate strenthe of bodie drauand to the interiour partis sic venome as nature wald expell fra the samin bot perseuerand in Epithemis & cordial drinkis, and albeit the aposteme or charbunkil, be not mature (becaus it suld be dangerous to abyde the samyn in dreid dethe suld preueine naturall rupture of sic venome) it moist be oppinit be ane Chirurgical hand, rather nor til expeid ony maturite, be ventose (albeit some of guid learning wald affirme sic cure to be maist Logicall) because at the tyme, all thing quhilk drauis greittumlie, mouis doloure & dolour augmentis feuer. Augmentatioun of feuer, debilitatis humane nature, to quhilk succedis deith. Quhairfoir efter incisioun be maid, detful tretting of the samin consistis in curatiue materiallis, without incisioun vsand befoir sum maturatiue cataplasmis, & gif the humore be malignant and rebellious to sic remeidis suppuratiues most be expede, in this maneir. [^LATIN OMITTED^]

Because maturatiues ar maist necessar in sic affectioun, in respect of maist extreme & dangerous diseis, with frequent vncertane mutatioun of the pacient, sic maist be preparit and vsit in this maneir. [^LATIN OMITTED^]

Quhilk is maruelous maturatiue, distroyand all venome, conuenient for zoung or auld. And gif it be necessare to mollifie the samin, as maturite requiris also mollificatioun. (\Rec. axungiae porci recentis, butiri recentis, sing. vnc. semis, theriacae Galeni drac. vnam succi scabiosae, drac. duas, vitelli vnius oui fiat vnguentum, quo vtatur vt decet.\) Quhilk also supportis to digestioun and corruptioun of sic mateir, quhilkis baith supportis greitumly. Vtheruayis. (\Rec. vng. populionis vnc. vnam, butiri recentis, vnc. duas, farinae frumenti, vnc. semis, muscilaginis lini et foenugraeci cuiusque drac. duas, olei liliacei q. s. fiat vnguentum.\) As tyme seruis, vse ane vnguent mundificatiue continuand the samin to the end of perfyte cure quhilk may be in this maneir preparit. [^LATIN OMITTED^] Ane Emplaster curatiue efter ruptioun of the vomik. (\Rec. mellis, olei coi~s, ana. partes equales, adde salis. q. s. coquantur. fiat Emplastrum.\)

At last quhan all suppuratioun & euacuatioun, ar perfytit, with mundificatioun of the hulcer, curatiuis & incarnatiues succedis be reasone thay ar sa notablie knawin to all chirurgianis that I trauaill na thing in formal prescryuing of the samin. Alwayis indurand sic tyme, for the aduancement of helthe, the medicinis preseruatiues befoir expressit, may be vsit, les or mair in quantite & qualite, eikand materialis refrigeratiue, as tyme of zeir, & latitude of sic fyrie diseis requiris. As for exemple. [^LATIN OMITTED^] Vther wayis & na les profitable for preseruatioun, nor it is for cure of sic as be of bilious and dry temperament, & propense to continuall constipatioun or corruptioun of stomak, as it is maist proper, also for bairnis quhilkis ar subiect to wormis, dispensit as followis. [^LATIN OMITTED^]

Obseruand last of all, that ane methode, quhilk aucht to be obseruit, admittis ane greit latitude, & varietie fra the cure prescryuit, principallie in diuersite of aigis. As for zoung barnis corrept be pest, thair Nurissis quha giffis thame nutriment, aucht ressaue the medicines interiouris, for the helth of thair infantis, bot not in quantite as vtheris pestilenciall personis: Quha ar of mair perfyte aige, as betwix four & ten zeris maist be curit, as the nature of sic feuer requiris, as mair extreme cure, sic as ventosis, scarificatioun, blude drawing, and sic vtheris, is maist profitable for thame, quha ar betwix ten & twentie zeiris of aige, And finallie quha ar passit twentie zeiris, may vse at plesure al circumstancis, or medicines as befoir ar expressit. Considerand alwayis as thair is diuersite of tyme, cuntray, aige and consuetude to be obseruit in tyme of ministratioun of ony medicine preseruatiue or curatiue, ewin sa thair is diuers kyndis of pest, quhilkis

may be eisely knawin and diuidit be weil lernit Phisicianis, quhais conseill in tyme of sic dangeir of lyfe is baith profitable and necessar. in respect that in this pestilenciall diseis euerie ane is mair blind nor the Moudeuart, in sic thingis as concernis thair awin helth. And besyde that, euerie ane is becum sa detestable to vther (quhilk is to be lamentit.) And speciallie the pure in sicht of the riche as gif thay var not equall with thame twichand thair Creatioun, bot rather without saule or spirite as beistis degenerat fra mankynd. Quhairfoir lat vs humble our selfis in presence of our God and Father of all consolatioun, that be the intercessioun of Iesus Christ our Saluiour, and of his mercy & grace, he will indue vs with the spreit of repentance that vnfenzeitlie we may conuerte vs vnto him, reformand our deprauat and corrupt leuing in tymis by past. And also apply ourselfis in tymis cumming, to the obedience of his Godly will and obseruing of his commandementis, that thairby he may not onlie remoue sic punischment and Plaig frome vs, Bot also that baith riche and puir may leue in sic Godly and ciuill societie, as may be agreable to his godlie will, that finallie we may be participant of his Kingdome preparit for his Electe fra the beginning. (\FINIS.\) [^TRACTS BY DR GILBERT SKEYNE, MEDICINAR TO HIS MAJESTY. (COMPRISING 'ANE BREVE DESCRIPTIOUN OF THE PEST' AND 'ANE BREIF DESCRIPTIOUN OF THE QUALITEIS AND EFFECTIS OF THE WELL OF THE WOMAN HILL BESYDE ABIRDENE'). ED. W.F. SKENE. BANNATYNE CLUB. EDINBURGH 1860. PP. 2A.1-4B.27 (THE WELL)^]

[}ANE BREIF DESCRIPTIOUN OF THE QUALITEIS AND EFFECTIS OF THE VVELL OF THE VVOMAN HILL BESYDE ABIRDENE. }] MEDICINALL and Philosophicall doctrine testifeis be experience from the beginning mony disesis and Infirmiteis of mannis body hes bene cuirit be the qualiteis and vse of Bathis and minerall wateris, of quhilkis sum hes bene obseruit of mony zeiris bypast, vtheris be experience laitly approuit in diuers countreis, to the greit profeit and preseruatioun of mannis life. Amangis the quhilkis the profeit and phisical vertew of ane Fontaine hes bene obseruit be mony men and wemen thir four last zeiris bypast at Abirdene, ane of the maist ancient and renounit Burghis of this Realme, and the Inhabitantis thairof maist ciuile, honest, and politicall. Quhilk spring of watter

appeiris to be ane diuine gift of God grantit and now laitlie manifestit to the greit support and aduancement to helth in cure of sic diseisis as hes bene obseruit in diueris persounis. Quhairfoir I seing the samin to haue bene obscure from the beginning to thir dayis, zit being ane ornament and ane publict vtilitie to the Realme & Burgh, thocht gude to mak the qualiteis and profeit thairof acknawledgeit to sic persounis as be vexit with sic disesis as it is good for. For of treuth it is of Medicinall qualitie and, and flowis from diueris minerallis, as hes bene obseruit be the operatioun taist & minerall vre, quhilk being drunkin, is laxatiue to sindre, and so must neidis be het of qualitie, be ressoun on na wayis it laxis nor molefeis the exteriour partis, or the skyn of mannis body: thairfoir it is laxatiue of the interiour partis, and promouis gude passage of the bellie, as wrytis Celsus lib. 2. Ca. 12. To vtheris it is womatiue, quhilk also testifeis the het qualitie thairof, farther it geuis gude appetyte to thame quha ar destitute thairof, and gif ony man drink twentie pound wecht of this Fontaine he findis no charge nor burding of the stomak nor bellie be the watter. Quhilk also approuis the minerall qualitie thairof, be ressoun all naturall and pure sweit watter is slaw in passage, difficill of concoctioun, flatuous & heuie in the stomak, and generis distillatiounis, as wrytis Aetius Tetrab. 1. Serm. 3. Ca. 165. Sa this watter being of contrarious effectis must neidis be of contrarious

qualiteis to comoun watteris. Ane notabill prufe of the samin hes bene obseruit be ane Indweller in Abirdene, quha laitly causit brew Aill of this watter, of the quhilk na beist wald taist, nor eit of the draf thairof, nouther Hors, Kow, nor Ox, sa it being laxatiue, attenuatiue, liquefactiue, digestiue, and discussiue, it must neidis be of het qualitie, for thir ar the properteis of het watteris, quhilkis hes bene obseruit be the happy succes in cure of diuers disesis in this watter, quhairof the taist is sumquhat vnplesand, as gif it wer brint with Irin, the vre thairof as it rynnis vpon the staines and ground are of diuers cullouris, the ane cullour sad blew, quhilk promisis Iryn, as the taist dois also, the vther cullour being reid declyning to zallow cullour, testifeis Brasse, quhilkis twa minerallis of proper qualitie, confortis the stomak and Melt, as sayis Auicen lib. 2. Tract. 2. Ca. 59. Cano. Also wrytis Auicen lib. 1. Fen. 2. doct. 2. ca. 16. Sic watter as be of the qualitie of Iryn geuis strenth to the Interiour partis of mannis body, & keipis the stomak from corruptioun, and promouis the haill faculteis quhilkis gouernis mannis body. So ar the wordis of Gal. wrytand vpon Hip. in his buik of Aere watter and places Ca. 3. Sic watter (sayis he) quhilkis ar not abill to burding the stomak and ar of facill digestioun must neidis to be laxatiue, and procure passage of the womb be Medicinall het qualitie. Giff the watter of this notabill Fontaine be builzeit it becummis of mair blak cullour, & the dreggis thairof beiris witnes

of the minerallis befoir writtin, as alswa being caryit cummis haistely to corruptioun, quhilk being profitabill as it is for the stomak and Melt, it must neidis spring from Iryn, also being na wayis byndand nor of desiccatiue qualitie, bot rather laxatiue and diureticall, thair is na suspitioun to be taken of Alme, zit in respect it is discussiue, laxatiue, remollitiue, and vomitiue, it appeiris be gude ressoun to be participant of bryntstane, as the cullour thairof also witnessis. And in respect the countrie is of nature minerall, this watter being drunkin cuirand sair Eyn, Catarris, sair mouth, prolapsioun of the vult, and dolour of the Tonsallis, it must neidis spring from Brasse, as testifeis Aetius Tetrab. 1. Serm. 3. Ca. 167. Farther I haue obseruit in diueris persounis quha had drunkin the samin that it mitigatis the heit of the Liuer, stancheit drouth, perfytlie cuiris Nephritick dolouris baith of Neiris and Bledder, corroborattis the stomak, takis away obstructioun of the Melt, perfytlie cuiris distillatioun from the harnis, hes cuirit sindrie Hydropicall persounis, specially that kind callit Anasarca and Aschitis. It is gude also be experience for resolutioun of the body, or ony pairt thairof callit Paralysis, profitabill also for sterilitie contractit be suffocatioun of the barne bed, or ony other natural caus, writtin be Hip. lib. de sterilib. It is gude also for palpitatioun & trymbling of the body being drunkin, in few dayis it cuiris all sorts of cauld guttis be purgatioun of sic humouris as ar the caus thairof.

It bringis to gude cullour all Cathetic persounis quhilkis being of euil habitude & constitutioun of body. Being also laxatiue and prouokis womitine, sa it oppinnis the obstructiounis & oppillatiounis of the Liuer, quhairby mony hes bene cuirit of the Gusoch, also it hes cuirit mony of the feuer Terce, & last it perfytlie cuiris (being drunkin) the exteriour scabbis, wyldefyre, darteris, & vther filthines of the skyn. Sa it is maist profitabil for sic as be of het intemperance of the Liuer, & constitutioun of them quha be burdinnit be greit and heuie constitutioun of body, maist propeus to Hydropesie, Apoplesie, of Paralisie. Sa albeit I haue red the qualiteis of the maist ancient Bathis and springis of Medicinall watteris: I find this spring of the woman hill besyde Abirdene to be not far different from the nature of the Bath of Cornelius callit sa in Aquisgran, ane notabil toun in Gallia Belgica, and repugnant to the nature of the Portitanis Bath, quhilkis dois rather gender Grauel & staine in Neiris & Bledder, nor to procure the help or dissolutioun of the samin. Ane greit fault I find in the vse of this watter, that Ilk persoun drinkis thairof at thair awin plesure, nether hauing respect to the present diseis, naturall constitutioun of body, nor tyme of the zeir, quhair by the said watter be the abusaris thairof is rather vilipendit nor commendit. Quhairfoir I wald sic as wald haue profeit of the samin prepairit thair bodyis conforme to thair nature, strenth, aige, diseis, & rest of circumstances requyrit thairto,

sic as the time of the zeir, quantitie of the watter and time of the vse heirof, for it is not agreabill to all persounis at all times, not to be takin at plesure of euery one in quantitie, as nane vther minerall watter, Zit this watter is of greitest vertew in the Monethis of Iunij, Iulij, August. Efter the xx. day of September it tynes the Medicinall strenth quhill the nixt zeir thairefter. Quhairfoir the commodious time suld be obseruit, alsweill of the day, as of the Moneth, and to be drunkin at morning, fastand thairefter thre houris, as efter ane Medicinall potioun. The negligent vse heirof hes frustrat mony of thair cure, quha sone efter the drinking of this Medicinall watter, hes takin outher meit or drink, quhairby thay stoppit the operatioun of the watter drunkin of befoir. I will not mak reheirsall of the mony particular persounis quha hes obtenit thair helth, being vexit with diueris disesis be the vse of this watter, be ressoun it war to lang. I traist albeit I speik na farther at this tyme, nor that quhilk hes bene obseruit be experience, the zeirly vse thairof sall giue occassioun to leirnit Physicianis to Intreit the gude succes thairof mair largely in tymes cummming. (\FINIS.\) [^THE BASILICON DORON OF KING JAMES VI BASED ON MS. ROYAL 18.B.XV. VOL I. ED. JAMES CRAIGIE. SCOTTISH TEXT SOCIETY, THIRD SERIES 16, 1942. EDINBURGH AND LONDON 1944. PP. 24.1-207.3^]

[^FIRST BOOK^] As he can not be thocht uorthie to reule & comande otheris that can not reule & dantone his awin propre affections & # unreasonable appetites, sa can he not be uorthie to gouuerne a christiane people knauing & fearing god that in his awin persone & hairte fearis not & louis not the deuyne maiestie, nather can any thing in his gouuernement succeid ueill uith him (deuyse & laboure as he list) as cumming from a filthie spring, gif his person be unsanctifeid, for as dauid sayes in uaine

uatches thou the cittie or buildes thou the house gif the lord # be his blessing graunte not successe thairunto, & as paul sayes cephas maye plaunte & apollo maye uatter but it is onlie godd that maye giue the increase: thairfore my sonne first of all things learne to knau and loue that god quhomto ye haue a double obligation, first for that he maid you a man & next for that he maid you as a littill godd to sitte in his throne & reule ouer other men, remember that as in dignitie he hes

erectid you aboue otheris, sa aucht ye in thankefulnes touardis him goe als farre beyonde all otheris, a moate in ane others eye is a beame into youris, a bleamishe in ane other is a leaprouse byle into you, and a ueniall sinne (as the # papists callis it) in ane other is a greate cryme into you: thinke not thairfore that the hienes of youre dignitie diminishes youre faultis, mekle lesse giues you a licence to sinne, but be the contraire youre faulte is agrauated according to the heicht of youre dignitie, any sinne that ye comitt not being a singill sinne procuring but the fall of ane, but being ane exemplaire sinne & thairfore drauis uith it the haill multitude to be guiltie of the same: remember then that this glistering

uardlie glorie of kingis is geuin thame be god to teache thaime to prease sa to glister & shyne before thaire people in all uorkes of sanctification & richteousness, that thaire # personnes as bricht lampis of godlinesse & uertu may going in & out before thaire peopill giue licht to all thaire steppis: remember also that be the richt knauledge & feare of god quhilke is the beginning of uisdome as salomon sayes ye sall knau all the things necessarie for the dischairge of youre deutie baith as a christian & as a king, seeing in him as in a mirrour the course of all earthlie things quhairof he is the

spring & onlie mouaire. nou the onlie uaye to bring you to this knauledge is diligentlie to reid his uorde & earnistlie to praye for the richt understanding thairof, searche the scriptures sayes chryste for thay uill beare testimonie of me, & the scriptures sayes paull are able to admonishe, exhorte, rebuke, & instructe the man of god making him perfyte to euerie goode uarke: I ioyne to this the cairfull hearing of the doctrine uith attendance & reuerence, for faith cummis be hearing sayeth paul but aboue all beuare ye thrau not the uorde to youre appetite as ouer many does, making it lyke a bell to sounde as ye please to interpreate, but be the # contraire frame all youre affections to follou praeciselie the reullis thaire sett doune. the haill scripture containis but tua things, a commande & a prohibition, to do sicc things, &

abstein from the contraire, obeye in baith nather thinke it not aneuch to abstein from euill & doe na goode, nor thinke not that gif ye doe many goode things it maye serue you for a cloake to mixe euill turnes thairuith, & as in thir tua pointis the haill scripture consists sa in tua degrees standis the haill seruice of god be man, interioure or upuarde, exterioure

or douneuarde: the first be prayer in faith touardis god, the next be uorkes flouing thairfra before the uarlde, quhilke is na thing ellis bot the exercise of religion touardis god, & of equitie touardis +gour neichboure, as for the particulaire pointis of religion I neade not to delate thame; I ame na hipocrite, follou youre fatheris footesteppis & youre awin education thairin, I thanke god I uas neuer ashamed to giue compte of my profession housomeuer the maliciouse lieing toungis of some haue traducit me, & gif my conscience had not resolued me that all my religion uas groundit upon the plaine uordis of the scripture I had neuer outuardlie auouit it for

pleasure or awe of the uaine pryde of sum seditiouse # preachouris, / & as for the pointis of equitie touardis oure neichboure, because that uill fall in properlie upon the secounde pairt concerning a kings office I leaue it to the awin roume: for the first point then of mannis seruice to his god quhilke is religion that is the uorshippe of god according to his reueiled uill, it is quhollie groundit upon the scripture (as I haue allreaddie said) quikenid be faith, & conseruid by conscience, for the scripture I haue allreaddy spokin of it in generall, # bot

that ye maye the maire readelie make choyce of any pairt thairof for youre instruction or conforte, remember onlie this methode the haill scripture is dytid be goddis spreit thairbe as by his lyuelie uorde to instructe & reule the haill kirke militant till the ende of the uarlde, it is composid of tua pairtis, the aulde, & neu testament, the ground of the former is the law quhilke shauis oure sinne & conteinis iustice, the grounde of the other is christe quha pardoning sinne conteinis grace, the summe of the lau is the tenn comandis, maire lairgelie dilaitid in the lau interpreted by the prophetis, & by the histories are the exemples shauin of obedience or disobedience thairto, & quhat (\praemium\) or (\poena\) uas # accordinglie

geuin be god: bot because na man uas able to keipe the law nor any pairt thairof it pleasid god of his infinite # uisdome & goodnes to incarnate his onelie sonne in oure nature for satisfaction of his iustice in his suffering for us, that # since ue could not be saued be doing, ue micht at least be saued by beleauing; the grounde thairfore of the law of grace is # conteined in the foure histories of the birth, lyfe, death, & # resurrection of christe. the lairger interpretation of this law is conteind in the epistles of the apostles, & the practise in the

faithfull or unfaithfull, together uith thaire reuairde or # punishment according thairto is conteined in the actis of the apostles, ualde ye then knau youre sinne be the lau, reid the bookes of moses conteining it, ualde ye haue a comentaire thairupon reid the propheitis, ualde ye see hou goode men are reuardit & uikked punishit looke the histories of genesis, exodus, iosue, the iudges, iob & ester, but speciallie the bookes of # the kings & chronikles quhairuith ye aucht to be familiarlie aquentid, for thaire uill ye see youre self as in a mirroure ather among the catalogues of the goode or euill kings: uolde ye knau the lyfe & death of chryste looke the euangellis, ualde ye be maire particulairlie tranid up in his skoole, meditate upon the epistles of the apostles, & ualde ye be aquent

uith the practise of that doctrine in the personis of the primitiue kirke, caste up the apostles actis; as to the # apochrife bookes I omitte thame because I ame na papist as I said before & indeid sum of thaime are als lyke the dytement of the spreit of god as ane egg is to ane oster,

but quhen ye reide the scripture reid it uith a sanctifeid & chaste eare, admire reuerentlie sicc obscure placis as ye understande not, blaming onlie youre awin incapacitie, reid uith delyte the plaine placis & studdie cairfullie to understande thaise that are sumquhat difficill, prease to be a goode textuaire for the scripture is euer the best # interpretere of the self, bot prease not curiouslie to seike out farther nor is conteined thairin, for that uaire misnurterid praesumption to stryue to be farther upon godis secreitis nor he hes uill ye be for quhat he thocht neidfull for us to knau

that hes he reueiled thaire, & delyte maist in reiding sicc pairtis of scripture as maye best serue for +gour instruction in +gour calling, reiecting foolishe curiosities upon nombers & genealogies quhilkes are bot uaine & profite nocht (as paull sayes). nou as to faith quhilke is the entertainer & quikener of religion (as I haue ellis said) it is a sure # persasion & aprehension of the promises of god aplying thame to youre saull & thairfore maie it iustlie be callid the goldin chaine that linkis the faithfull saull to chryste & because it grouis not in oure gairdein but is the free gift of god as paull # sayes it

man be nourished be prayer, quhilke is nathing ellis bot a freidlie talking uith godd, use oft to praye quhen ye are quyetest especiallie in youre bedd, for publict prayer seruis maire for exemple (for the maist pairt) then for any # particulaire conforte to the suplicante: in youre prayer be nather ouir strainge uith god lyke the ignorant commoune sort that prayes nathing bot out of bookis, nor yett ouir hamelie uith him lyke sum of oure uaine proude puritanis that thinkis thay reule him upon thaire fingers, the former uaye uill breide ane unkouth cauldenes in +gow touardis him, the other uill breid in +gow a contempt of him; but in youre prayer to god speike uith all reuerence for gif a subiect uill not speike but reuerentlie to a king mekle lesse soulde any fleshe # praesume

to crake uith god as uith his companion craue in +gour prayer not only things spirituall bot corporall quhyles things of greater & quhyles of lesse consequence, that +ge maye laye up in store his graunte of thaise small things for confirmation

of +gour faith, & to be ane arlpennie unto +gow of his loue, praye as +ge finds +gour hairte mouis +gow (\pro re nata\) , # but see +ge sute na unlaufull things as reuenge, lust, or siclike, for that prayer can not cum of faith, & prayer uithout faith is sinne as paull sayes, quhen ye obteine youre prayer thanke him ioyefullie thairfore, gif otheruayes beare patientlie, preassing to uinne him be inportunitie as the uiddou did chryste, & gif notuithstanding thairof +ge be not harde assure +gour self godd forsees that quhilke +ge aske is not for +gour ueill, and learne in tyme sa to interprete all the # aduersities that god sall send unto you, sa sall ye in the middis of

thame not only be armed uith patience bot ioifullie lifte up youre eyes from the present truble to the happie ende that godd uill turne it to, & quhen ye finde it anis sa fall out be proofe, arme youre self uith that experience aganis the next trouble, assuring youre self althoch ye can not in tyme of the shoure see throuch the cloude, yett in the ende ye uill finde godd sent it for youre ueill as ye fande in the former. & as for conscience quhilke I called the conseruer of religion, it is nathing ellis bot the licht of knauledge that godd hes # plantid in man, quhilke choppis him uith a fealing that he hes done

urong quheneuer he comittis any sinne, & surelie althoch this conscience be a grat torturer to the uikked, yett is it als great a conforte to the godlie gif ue uill considder it # richtlie, for haue ue not a great aduantage that hes uithin oure selfis quhill ue liue heir a compte booke, & inuentaire of all the crymes that ue uill be accused of, ather at the houre of oure death, or at the great daye of iudgement, quhilke quhen ue please, yea gif ue forgett it uill choppe & remember us to looke upon, that quhill ue haue laiser & are heir ue maye remember to amende & sa at the daye of oure tryall compeire uith neu & quhyte garments uashin in the bloode of the lambe (as saint iohne sayes): aboue all then my sonne laboure to

keipe sounde this conscience quhilke many prattellis of, bot ouer few feillis, especiallie be cairfull to keipe it free # from tua diseases quhilke it uses oft to be infected uith, to uitt leprosie, & superstition, the former is the mother of atheisme, the other of haeresies, be a leprouse conscience I meane a cauterized conscience as paull callis it being becumd # sencelesse of sinne throuch sleiping in a cairlesse securitie as king # dauids uas after his murther & adulterie aye quhill he uas ualkenid be the prophet nathans similitude, & for superstition the uorde it selfe is plaine aneuch, being (\uocabulum artis\) : as for a

preseruatife aganis this leprosie remember euer anis in the foure & tuentie houris ather in the nicht or quhen ye are at greatest quyet to call youre self to compte of all youre last dayes actions, ather quhairin ye haue comittid things ye soulde not, or omitted the things ye soulde doe, ather in youre christiane, or kinglie calling, and in that compte lett not youre selfe be smoothed ouer uith that flattering # (\filautia\) , quhilke is ouer kyndlie a seiknes to all mankynde, bot censure youre self als shairpelie as gif ye uaire youre awin ennemie, for gif ye iudge youre self ye shall not be iudgit as paull # sayes, & syne according to youre censure reforme youre actions als

farre as ye maye, escheuing euer uillfullie & uillinglie to contraire youre conscience, for a small sinne uillfullie # comitted uith a deliberate resolution to breke the bryddill of # conscience thairin, is farre greiuouser before godd then a greatter sinne comitted in a suddaine passion quhen conscience is asleipe: remember thairfore in all youre actions of the greate compte that ye are ane daye to make, in all the dayes of youre lyfe euer learning to dee & liuing euerie daye as it uaire youre # last, & thairfore I uolde not haue you to praye uith the papistes to be preseruid from suddaine death, but that god uill giue

you grace sa to liue as ye maye euerie houre of youre lyfe be readdie for death, sa sall ye atteine to the uertu of treu fortitude, neuer being afrayed for the horroure of death, come quhen he liste, & especiallie beuaire to offende youre conscience uith use of suearing or lieing suppose bot in mowis for oathes are bot ane use & a sinne cledd uith no delyte nor gaine, & thairfore the maire inexcusable before god, & lieing cummis also mekill of a uyle use be banishing shame, thairfore beuaire euen to denye the treuth quhilke is a sorte of lee that maye best be eschewid be a persone of youre ranke; for gif any thing be speired at you that ye thinke

not meit to reueill gif ye saye that quaestion is not pertinent for thame to speire quha darre exame you farther, & using this ansoure quhyles baith in treu & fals things that uill be speired at you thayse misnurturid people uill neuer be the / uyser thairof, & for keiping +gour concsience [\SIC\] sounde # from that seiknesse of superstition, quhilke is called (\morbus # animi\) , ye man nather laye the safetie of youre conscience upon the credit of youre awin conceatis, nor yett of other mennis humouris hou great doctouris of diuinitie that euer thay be, bot ye man onlie grounde it upon the expresse scripture, for conscience not groundit upon sure knauledge is ather ane

ignorant fantasie, or ane arrogant glaikerie: beuaire thairfor in this cace uith tua extremities, the ane to beleue uith the papists the kirkes authoritie bettir nor youre awin knauledge, the other to leane uith the anabaptists to youre awin conceatis & dreamed reuelations, but learne uyselie to discerne betuixt pointis of saluation & indifferent things, betuixt substance & ceremonies, & betuixt the expresse commandement & uill of god in his uorde & the inuention or ordonnance of man, sen all that is necessaire for saluation is conteind in the scripture, for in any thing that is expreslie comandit or prohibited in the booke of god ye can not be ouir praecise euen in the least thing, counting euerie sinne not according to the licht aestimation & commoune use of it in the uorlde,

but as the booke of god countis of it: but as for all other things not conteind in the scripture spaire not to use or alter thame as the necessitie of the tyme sall requyre, & quhen any of the spirituall office beraris in the kirk speikis unto you any thing that is ueill uarrandit be the uorde reuerence & obeye thame as the herauldis of the maist hie god, bot gif passing that boundis thay ualde urge you to imbrace sum of thaire fantasies in place of goddis uorde or ualde culloure thaire particulaires uith a praetendit zeale, aknauledge tha / # me

for uaine peopill passing the boundis of thaire calling, & according to youre office grauelie uith authoritie redact # thaime in order agane: to conclude then baith this purpose of # conscience & the first pairt of this booke keipe god spairinglie in youre mouth bot aboundantlie in youre hairt, be praesise in effect, bot sociall in shau, kythe maire be youre deidis nor be youre uordis the loue of uertu & hatred of uyce, & delyte / maire to be godlie & uertuouse in deid nor to be thocht & callid sa, expecting maire for youre praise & reuairde in heauen nor heir, & aplye to all youre outuarde actions

chrystis comande to giue almes secreatlie, sa sall ye on the # ane pairt be inuardlie garnished uith treu christiane humilitie not outuardlie (uith the proud pharisee) glorying in youre godlinesse, but saying as chryste comandis us all quhen ue haue done all that ue can (\inutiles serui sumus\) , & on the other pairt ye sall escheu outuardlie before the uarlde the suspicion of filthie proude hiprocrisie & disceatfull # dissimulation.

2. [^SECOND BOOK^] but as ye are cledd uith tua callings sa man ye be alyke cairfull for the dischairge of thaime baith that as ye are a # goode christiane sa ye maye be a goode king dischairging youre office as I sheu before in the pointis of iustice & equitie, quhilke # in tua sindrie uayes ye man do the ane in establishing & exetuting

(quhilke is the lyfe of the law) goode lawis amang youre people, the other be youre behauioure in youre awin persone & uith youre seruandis, to teache youre people be youre exemple, for people are naturallie enclyned to # counterfitte lyke apes thaire princes maners according to that aulde uerse (\regis ad exemplum &cae\) . for the pairte of making &

executing of lawis considder first the treu difference betuixt a laufull goode king, & ane usurping tiran, & ye sall the maire easelie understand youre deutie heirin, for (\contraria # contrariis opposita magis illucescunt\) , the ane aknauledgis him self ordainid for his people hauing receauid from god a # burthein of gouuernement quhairof he man be comptable, the other thinkis his people ordained for him a praye to his appetites as the fruictis of his magnananimitie, & thairfore as thaire endis are directlie contraire sa are thaire haill actionis as middisis quhairby thay prease to attaine to thaire endis; a goode king thinking his hiest honoure to consiste in the deu dischairge of his calling employes all his studdie & painis to

procure & maintaine (be the making & execution of goode lawis) the uelfaire & peaxe of his people, & as thaire naturall father & kyndlie maister thinkis his greatest # contentement standis in thaire prosperitie, & his greatest suretie in hauing thaire hairtis, subiecting his awin priuate affections & appetites to the ueill & standing of his subiectis, euer # thinking the commoune interesse his cheifest particulaire, quhaire be the contraire ane usurping tiran thinking his greatest honoure & faelicitie to consiste in attaining (\per fas uel nefas\) to # his ambitiouse praetensis thinkis neuer him self sure, bot be the

dissension & factions amang his people & counterfitting the sante quhill he anis creip in credit, uill then be inuerting # all goode lauis to serue onlie for his priuate unreulie affections, frame the comonueill euer to aduance his particulaire, building his suretie upon his peoples miserie, & in end as a stepfather, & a unkouth hyreling make up his awin hande upon the ruines of the republike, & according to thaire actions sa ressaue thay thaire reuardis, for a goode king after a # happie & famouse reigne dees in peax, lamented be his subiects, & admired be his nichbouris, & leauing a reuerend renoume behinde him in earth obtainis the croune of aeternall felicitie

in heauin, & althoch sum of thame quhilke fallis out bot uerrie rairelie may be cuttid of be the treason of sum unnaturall subiectis, yett liues thaire fame after thame, & sum notable plaigue missis neuer to ouirtake the comittaires, quha uill be infamouse to all posterities, quhaire be the contraire a tyranis miserabill & infamouse lyfe armes in end his awin subiectis to becum his burreaux, & althoch that rebellion be euer unlaufull on thaire pairt, yett is the uarlde sa uearied # of him that his fall is littill meanid be the rest of his # subiectis, & but smyled at be his neichbouris, & besydes the infamouse memorie he leauis behinde him heir & the endles painis he

susteinis heirafter, it oft fallis out that the comittairis not onlie eskaipis unpunished, bot farder the fact uill remaine as allouid be the lau in dyuers aages thair after: it is easie then for you my sonne to make choice of ane of these tua sortis of reulairis, by follouing the uaye of uertu to stablishe youre standing, yea inkaice ye fell in the hie uaye yett soulde it be uith the honorable reporte & iust regraite of all honest men, & thair fore to returne to my purpoise anent the gouuernement of youre subiectis be making & putting goode lawis to execution I remitte the making of thame to youre awin discretion as ye sall finde the necessitie

of neu rysing corruptions to requyre thaime, for (\ex malis moribus bonae leges\) , besydes that in this cuntrey ue haue alreaddie ma goode lawis then are uell execute, & ame onlie to insiste in youre forme of gouuernement anent thaire execution, onlie remember that as parliaments are onlie ordainid for making of lawis, sa abuse ye not thaire # constitution in haulding thame for any mennis particulaires, for as a parliament is the honorablest & hiest iudgement in the land (as being the kings heade court) gif it be uell usit, quhilke # is be making of goode lauis in it, sa is it the iniustest # iudgement

seat that maye be being abused to mennis particulairis, irreuocable decreatis aganis particulaire pairties being geuin thairin under culloure of generall lawis, & oftymes the estates not knauing thame selfis quhome thairby thaye hurte, & thairfore haulde na parliaments but for necessitie of neu lauis quhilke ualde be but sendill, for feu lauis & ueill putt # in execution are best for a ueill reulid commounueill, as for the matter of forfaltouris quhilkes also are done in parliament it is not goode tigging uith thaise things, bot my aduyce is ye forfalte nane bot for sicc odiouse crymes as maye make thame unuorthie euer to be restored agane, & for smaller

offences ye haue other penalties shairpe aneuch to be usid aganis thame: & as for the execution of goode lauis quhairat I left, remember that amang the differencis that I putte betuixt the formes of the gouuernement of a goode king & ane usurping tiranne I sheu hou a tiranne uoulde enter lyke a sainte quhill he fande him self fast onder futte, & then uolde suffer his unreulie affections to burst furth, thairfore be ye contraire at youre first entrie to youre kingdome to yone (\quinquennium neronis\) uith his tenderhairtid uishe (\utinam nescirem literas\) , in geuing the lawe full execution aganis # all breakaris thairof but exception, for sen ye cum not to youre

raigne praecario nor by conqueise, but be richt & deu discente, feare na uproares for doing of iustice sen ye maye assure youre self the maist pairt of youre people uill euer naturallie # fauoure iustice, prouyding aluayes that ye do it onlie for loue to # iustice & not for satisfeing any particulaire passions of youres under culloure thairof, otheruayes hou iustlie that euer the offender deserue it ye are guiltie of murther before god, for ye man considder that god euer lookes to youre inuarde intention in all youre actions, & quhen ye haue be the seuerititie [\SIC\] of iustice anis setled youre cuntreis & maid thame kenn that ye cann strike, then maye ye thairafter all the dayes of youre lyfe mixe iustice uith mercie, punishing or spairing as ye sall

finde the cryme to be uillfullie or rashelie comitted, & # according to the bypast behauioure of the comittaire, for gif otheruayes ye kythed youre clemencie at the first the offences ualde soone cum to sicc heapes & the contempte of you grou sa greate that quhen ye ualde fall to punishe the nomber of thame to be punished ualde exeid the punishers, & ye ualde be troublid to resolue quhom at to beginne, & aganis youre nature ualde be compellid then to uraike monie quhilke the chastisement of feu in the beginning micht haue preseruid, but in this my ouir deir coft experience maye serue you for

a sufficient lesson for I confesse quhaire I thocht be being gratiouse at the beginning to uinne all mennis hartis to a louing & uilling obedience, I be the contraire fande the # disordoure of the cuntrey & the tinsell of my thankis to be all my reuairde, bot as this seuere iustice of youres upon all offences uolde be but for a tyme (as I haue allreaddie saide) sa is thaire sum horribill crymes that ye are bounde in # conscience neuer to forgiue, sicc as uichecrafte, uillfull murther, inceste especiallie uithin the degrees of consanguinitie, # sodomie, poisoning, & false cunyee, as for treason aganis youre awin

persone or authoritie sen the falte concernis youre self I remitte to youre auin choice to punishe or pardon thairin as your hairt seruis you, & according to the circumstancis of the turne & the qualitie of the comittaire: heir ualde I also eike ane other cryme to be unpardonable gif I ualde nocht be thocht partiall, bot the fatherlie loue I beare you uill make me breake the boundis of shame in opening it unto you; it is then the unreuerende uritting or speiking of youre parents & praedecessouris ye knau the commande in goddis lau honoure youre father & mother, & consequentlie sen ye are the laufull magistrate suffer not baith youre princis & youre parentis to # be

dishonourid be any, I graunte ue haue all oure faultis, # quhilkes priuatlie betuixt you & god soulde serue you for exemples to meditate upon, & mende in youre person, bot soulde not be a maitter of discourse to others, sen ye are cumd of als # honorable praedecessouris as any prince liuing (\sepeliatur sinagoga cum honore\) , & I praye you hou can thay loue you that hates thame quhom of ye are cum, quhairfore destroyes men innocint younge sukking uolfes & foxes bot for the hatred thay beare to thaire race, & quhy uill a colte of a cursoure of # naples giue a greater pryce in a market then ane asse colte bot for loue of the father, it is thairfore a thing monstruouse to see # a man loue the chylde & hate the parents, & for conclusion of this point I maye also alledge my awin experience, for besydes the iudgementis of god that uith my eyes I haue seene fall

upon all thame that uaire cheif tratouris to my parentis I maye iustlie affirme I neuer founde yett a constant byding be me in all my straitis be ony that uaire of perfyte aage in my parentis dayes, but only be sicc as constantlie baid be thaime, I meane speciallie be thaime that seruid the quene my mother, for sa that I dischairge my conscience to you my

sonne in reueilling you the treuth I caire not quhat any traitoure or treason allouer can thinke of it: & althoch the cryme of opresion be not in this ranke of unpardonnable crymes yett the ouer commoune use of it in this nation as gif it uare a uertu especiallie be the greatest ranke of # subiectis in the lande, requyres the king to be a shairpe censurer thairof, be diligent thairfore to trye, & awfull to beat doune the hornis of proude opressouris, embrace the querrell of the poore & distressed as youre awin particulaire thinking it

youre greatest honoure to represse the opressouris, caire for the pleasure of nane, nor spaire na panis in youre persone to see thaire urongis redressid, & remember of the honorable style geuin to my grandfather in being callid the poore mannis king, & as the maist pairt of a kings office standis in # decyding that quaestion of (\meum\) & (\tuum\) amongst his subiectis # remember quhen ye sitte in iudgement that the throne ye sitte on is goddis (as king dauid sayes,) & suey nather to the richt hande nor the left, ather louing the riche or pitteing the poore, iustice soulde be blinde & freindles, it is not thaire ye # soulde reuarde youre freindis, nor crosse youre ennemies: heir nou speiking or opressouris & of iustice the purpose leadis me to

speake of heelande & bordoure opressions, as for the heelandes I shortelie comprehende thaime all in tua sortis of peopill the ane that duellis in oure maine lande that are barbarouse & yett mixed uith sum shau of ciuilitie, the other that duellis in the yles & are alluterlie barbares uithout any sorte or shau of ciuilitie, for the first sorte putt straitlie to execution # the lauis maid allreaddie be me againis thaire ouirslordis & the cheifis of thaire clannis, & it uill be na difficultie to # dantoune thame, as for the other sorte thinke na other of thaime all then as of uolfes & uylde boaris, & thairfore follou the course that I haue begunne in plaunting colonies amongst thame

of aunserable inlandis subiects, that uithin shorte tyme maye roote thaime out & plaunte ciuilitie in thaire roumes: but as for the bordoures because I knau gif ye inioie not this haill yle according to goddis richt & youre lineall discent ye uill neuer gett leue to brooke this north & barrenest pairt thairof, no not youre awin heade quhairon the croune soulde stande, I neid not in that cace trouble you uith thame, for then thaye uill be the middis of the yle, & sa als easelie reulid as any pairt thairof, & that ye maye the radilier uith uisdome & iustice gouuerne youre subiectis by knauing quhat uyces

thay are naturallie maist inclyned to as a goode phisitiane quha man first knau quhat peccant humouris his patient naturallie is maist subiect unto before he can beginne his cure, I sall thairfore shortlie note unto you the principall faultes that euerie ranke of youre people in this cuntree is maist subiect unto, & as for englande I uill not speake be gesse of thame neuer hauing bene among thaime, althoch I hoape in that god quha euer fauouris the richt before I die to be alsueill aquent uith thaire facons: as the haill subiectis of oure cuntrey be the auncient & fundamentall policie of oure kingdome are deuydit in three estaites, sa is euerie # estaite

heirof generallie subiect to sum speciall uyces quhilke in a maner be lang habitude is thocht rather uertue nor uyce among thaime, not that euerie particulaire man in any of thaise rankis is subiect unto thaime, (\nam nulla regula tam generall quae non patiatur exceptionem\) , but that I meine I haue founde be experience thir uyces to haue takin greatest holde uith thir rankis of men: & first that I praeiudge not the kirke of hir auncient priuiledges, reason uolde she soulde haue the first place, for orderis saike in this katalogue. the naturall siknessis that haue euir trublid & bene the decaye of

all the kirkes sen the beginning of the uarlde chainging the candelstike from ane to another as iohne sayes hes bene pryde, ambition, & auarice, & nou last these same infirmities urocht the ouirthrau of the papiste kirke in this cuntrey & dyuers otheris, but the reformation of religion in skotlande being maid be a populaire tumulte & rebellion (as uell appearid be the destruction of oure policie), & not proceading from the princes ordoure as it did in englande, sum of oure fyrie # ministers gatt sicc a gyding of the peopill at that tyme of confusion, as finding the guste of gouuernement sueit they begouth to fantasie to thame selfis a democratike forme of gouuernement & hauing by the iniquitie of tyme bene ouir ueill baitid upon the uraike first of my grandemother, & syne of my

awin mother, & after usurping the libertie of the tyme in my lang minoritie setled thame selfis sa fast upon that imagined democratie, as thaye fedd thame selfis uith that hoape to becume (\tribuni plebis\) , & sa in a populaire # gouuernement be leading the people be the nose to beare the suey of all the reule, & for this cause thaire neuir raise faction in the tyme of my minoritie nor truble sensyne but thay uaire euer

upon the urang ende of it, querrelling me not for any euill, bot because I uas a king quhilke thay thocht the hiest euill, & because thay uaire ashamid to professe this querrell thay uaire busie to looke narroulie in all my actions, & I uarrande you a moate in my eye, yea a false reporte uas maitter aneuch for thame to uorke upon, & yett for all thaire cunning sum of thaime ualde quhyles snapper out ueill # grosselie uith the treuth of thaire intentions, informing the peopill # that all kings & princes uaire naturallie ennemies to the libertie # of the kirke, & coulde neuer patientlie beare the yoke of chryste, uith sicc sounde doctrine fedd thaye thaire flokke, & because thaire uas euer sum learnid & honest men of the ministrie that uaire ashamid of the presumption of thir seditiouse

peopill, thaire coulde be na uaye founde out sa meit for # mainteining thaire plottis, as paritie in the kirke, quhairby the ignorantis uaire emboldened as bairdis to crye the learned, godlie, & modest out of it, paritie the mother of confusion & ennemie to unitie quhiche is the mother of ordoure, by the exemple quhairof in the ecclesiastike gouuernement thay

thinke uith tyme to drau the politike & ciuill gouuernement to the lyke: take heade thairfore my sonne to thir puritanis uerrie pestis in the kirke & commounueill of skotland, quhom be lang experience I haue founde na desairtis can obleishe, oathis nor promeisis binde, braithing nathing bot sedition & calumnies, aspyring uithout measure, rayling uithout reason, & making thaire awin imaginations uithout any uarrande of the uorde the squaire to thaire conscience, I proteste before the greate god (& sen I ame heire upon my testament it is na place for me to lee in) that I neuer founde uith any # heelande or bordoure thefis sa great ingratitude & sa manie lees & uyle periuries as I haue founde uith sum of thaime,

& suffer not the principallis of thame to brooke youre lande gif ye lyke to sitt at rest, except ye ualde keip thame for trying youre patience as socrates did ane euill uyfe, & for praeseruatife againis thaire poison intertenie & aduaunce the godlie, learnid, & modest men of the ministrie, quhom of god be praised thair lakis not a reasonable nomber & be thair praeferrement to bishoprikkes & benefices anulling that uyle act of annexation gif ye finde it not done to youre hande, ye shall not onlie banishe thaire paritie, quhilke can

not agree uith a monarchie, but ye also sall reestablishe the aulde institution of three estates in parliament, quhilke can na otheruayes be done but in this I hoape gif god spaire me dayes to make you a faire entree, alluayes quhaire I leaue follou ye my footesteppis, & the first that railis aganis you punishe uith the rigoure of the lau, for I haue ellis in my dayes burstin thame uith ouer mekill reason, & to ende my aduyce anent the kirke estait cherishe na man maire then a goode pastoure, hate na man maire then a proude puritane, thinking it ane of youre fairest styles to be calld a louing

noorishe father to the kirke, seeing all the kirkis uithin # youre dominions plaunted uith goode pastoures, the doctrine & # discipline mainteined in puritie according to goddis uorde, a sufficient prouision for thaire sustentation, a cumlie ordoure in thaire policie, pryde punished, humilitie aduaunced, & thay sa to reuerence thaire superioris, & thaire flokkis # thaime, as the floorishing of youre kirke in pietie, peax, & learning maye be ane of the cheif pointis of youre earthlie glorie, being euer alyke uarre uith baith the extremities, alsueill as ye represse the uaine puritane sa not to suffer proude # papall bishoppis, but as sum for thaire qualities uill deserue to be

praeferrid before otheris, sa chaine thame uith sicc bandis as maye praeserue that estait from creiping to corruption. the next estate nou that be ordoure cummis in purpoise according to thaire rankis in parliament is the nobilitie # althoch second in ranke yett ouer farre first in greatnesse & pouaire ather to doe goode or euill as thay are inclyned, the naturall seikenessis that I haue perceaued that estate subiect to in my tyme hes bene a fekles arrogant conceat of thaire greatnes & pouaire, drinking in uith thaire uerrie noorishe milke that thaire honoure stoode in comitting three pointis of iniquitie, # to thrall be opression the meaner sorte that duellis nere thame

to thaire seruice & follouing, allthoch they haulde nathing of thaime, to maintaine thaire seruandis & dependairis in any uronge althoch thay be not ansourable to the law ( for any boddie uill mainteine his man in a richt cause) & for any displeasure that thay aprehende to be done unto thaime be thaire neichboure to take up a plaine feade against him, & uithout respect to god, king, or commounueill to bang it out brauelie, he and all his kinne against him and all his, yea thay uill thinke the king farre in thaire commoune inkaice thay agree to graunte ane assurance to a shorte daye for keiping of the peax, quhaire be thaire naturall deutie thay are

obleist to obeye the law & keipe the peaxe all the dayes of thaire lyfe upon the perrell of thaire craigs: for remeade to these euillis in thaire estaite, learne youre nobilitie to # keipe youre lawis als praeciselie as the meanest, feare not thaire orping nor taking the pett als lang as ye reule ueill, for # thaire praetendit reformation of princis takis neuer effect but # quhaire euill gouuernement praeceidis, aquente youre self sa uith all the honest men of youre barronis & gentlemen as maye make thaime pert to make thaire awin suitis to you thame selfis uithout making a bogle of you in making the great lordis thaire intercessouris (for intercession to saintis is # papistrie),

sa sall ye bring to a measure thaire monstruouse bakkis, & for thaire barbarouse feadis putt the lawis to deu execution maid be me thairanents, beginning euer rathest at him that ye loue best & is maist obleist to you to make him ane exemple to the rest, for ye sall make all youre reformations to beginne at youre elbou, & sa be degrees to flou to the extremeties of the lande, & rest not quhill ye roote out these barbarouse feadis that thaire effectis maye alsueill be smoarid doune, as thaire barbarouse name is unknauin to any other nation, for gif this treatise uaire writtin to you ather in frenshe or # latin

I coulde not gett thaime named unto you bot be circumlocution, & for youre easier abolishing of thame putt shairpelie to execution my lawis maid aganis gunnis & tratrouse pistolettis, thinking in youre hairte, terming in youre speiche, & using by youre punishementis all sicc as uearis & usis thame as brigandis & cut-throatis: on the other pairt escheu the other extremitie in lichleing & contemning youre nobilitie, remember hou that erroure brake the king my grandfatheris hairte, but considder that uertue follouis oftest noble bloode, the uorthines of thaire antecessouris crauis a reuerende/ regairde to be hadd unto thaime, honoure thaime thairfore

that are obedient to the law amongst thame as peeres & fatheris of youre lande, the frequentlier that youre courte cann be garnished uith thaime thinke it the maire youre honoure, aquenting & employing thame in all youre greattest affaires, sen it is thay man be youre armes & executairis of youre lawis, & sa use youre self louinglie to the obedient, & rigourouslie to the stubborne, as maye make the greattest of thame to thinke that the cheifest pointe of thaire honoure standis in stryuing uith the meanest of the lande in humilitie touardis you & obedience to youre lawis, dinging euer in thaire earis that ane of the principall pointis of seruice that ye craue of thame, is in thaire personis to practise, & be thaire pouaire

to procure deu obedience to the lau, uithout the quhilke na seruice thay can make can be agreable unto you; but the greatest hinder to the execution of oure law in this cuntree is thir heritable shirefdomes & regalities quhilkes being in the handis of the greate men urakkis the haill cuntree, for quhiche I knau na present remeid but be taking the shairper counte of thaime in thaire offices, using all punishement # aganis the sleuthfull that the lau uill permitte, & aye as thaye uaike for any offencis comitted be thaime dispone thame neuer heritablie againe, preassing uith tyme to drau it to the louable ordoure of englande, quhiche ye maye the easilier doe being king of baith as I hoape in god ye sall. & as to the thridde & last estaite quhiche is oure burghis (for the small

barronis are but ane inferioure pairt of the nobillitie & of thaire estait) thir burghis I saye are composid of tua sortis of men, to uitt mairchantis, & craftismen, euerie ane of thir sortis being subiect to thaire awin infirmities, the # marchauntis / thinkis the haill commouneueill ordaned for making thame up, & accounting it thaire laufull gaine & trade to enriche thame selfis upon the losse of all the rest of the people thay transporte from us things necessaire, bringing bake quhyles unnecessaire & quhyles nathing, thaye bye for us the uorst

uaires, & sellis thaime at the deirest pryces & suppose the uictuallis fallis or ryses of thaire pryce according to the aboundance or skantnesse thairof, yett the pryces of thaire uayres euer ryses but neuer fallis, according to the persiane lawis that can not be abrogatid, & thay are the speciall uyte of the corruption of the cunyee, transporting all oure awin & bringing in forraine upon quhat pryce thaye pleise to sett on it, for order putting to thaime putte goode lawis in execution that are allreaddie maid anent these abuses but speciallie doe three things establishe honest, diligent but feu searcheris, for many handis makis slichte uarke, & haue a honest & diligent treasurer, to take compte of thaime, permitte &

allure forraine mairchaintis to treade heir, sa sall ye haue best & best chape uairis not bying it at the thridde hande, & sett euerie yeire doune a certaine pryce of all things # considdering first hou it is in other cuntreis & the pryce being sett # reasonablie doune gif the mairchantis uill not bring it hame on the pryce, crye forraineris free to bring it, & because I made mention heir of the cunzee, make youre cunzee fyne golde & siluer & garre the people be payed uith substance & not abused uith number, sa sall ye enriche the commounueill & keipe a great pose to the fore gif ye fall in uarris or in any

straite, for the making it baser uill breid youre commoditie, but it is not to be usid bot at a greate necessitie. & the # craftis men thinkis ue soulde be contente uith thaire uarke hou badd & deir that euer it be, & gif thay in any thing be # controllid up must the bleu blankate go, but for thaire pairt take exemple be englande hou it hes floorished baith in uelth & in policie sen the straingeris craftis men came in amongst thaime, thairfoir not onlie permitte but allure straingeris to cum heir also, taking als straite ordoure for repressing the # mutining of ouris at thame, as uas done in englande at thaire first inbringing thaire. but unto ane faulte is all the comoune peopill of this lande subiect alsueill burgh as lande, quhilke is to iudge & speike rashlie of thaire prince setting the commounueill

upon foure proppis as ue call it euer ueariing of the present estaite & desyrouse of nouelties, for remead quhairof besydes the execution of lauis that ualde be usid aganis # unreuerende speakaris, certaine dayes in the yeare ualde be

appointid for delyting the people uith publict spectacles of all honest ghames & exercise of armes, as also for conueining of neichboures for intertening freindship, & hairtlines be # honest feasting & mirrines, for I can not see quhat greatter # superstition can be in making playes & laufull games in mey & goode cheir at yule, then in eating fishe in lentrone & upon frydayes the papistes alsueill using the ane as the other, sa that alluayes the sabbothis be keipit halye & na unlaufull sportis usid, & this forme of alluring the peopill hes bene # usid in all uell gouuernid republicts. ye see nou my sonne hou for the zeale I beare to aquent you uith the plaine & single ueritie of all things I haue not spaired to playe the bairde

against all the estaitis of my kingdome but I proteste before god I doe it uith the fatherlie loue that I aucht to thaime all, onlie hating thaire uyces quhairof thaire is a goode # nomber of honest men free in euerie estaite; & because for the bettir reformation of all thir abuses amongst youre estaitis it uill be a great helpe unto you to be ueill aquent uith the nature & humouris of all youre subiectis, & to knau particulairlie the estaite of euerie pairt of youre dominions, I uolde thairfore

counsaile you anis in the yeare to uisie the principall pairtis of the cuntrey ye uaire in, & because I hoape ye sall be king of ma cuntreis then this, anis in the three yearis to uisie all youre kingdomes, not lipening to uiceroies but hearing youre self thaire complaintis & hauing ordinarie counsaillis & # iustice seatis in euerie kingdome of thaire owin cuntree men, & the principall maitteris euer to be decydit be youre self quhen ye cum athort. ye haue also to considder that ye man not onlie be cairfull to keipe youre subiectis from receauing any uronge of otheris uithin, but also ye man be cairfull to keipe thaime from the uronge of any forraine prince uithout, sen

the suorde is geuin you be god not onlie to reuenge upon youre owin subiectis the urong comittid upon otheris, but farther to reuenge & free thaime of forraine iniuries done unto thaime, & thairfore uarris upon iuste querrellis are laufull, but # above all lett not the urong cause be on youre syde, use all other princes as youre brethren honestlie & kyndlie, keipe praecislie youre promeise unto thaime althoch uith youre hurte, stryue uith euerie ane of thaime in curtesie & thankefullnes, as uith all men sa speciallie uith thame be plane & treuthfull, keiping euer that christiane reule to doe as ye ualde be done to,

especiallie in counting rebellion against any other prince / a cryme againis youre self, because of the praeparatife, suplee thairfore nor truste na other princes rebellis, but pittie & succoure all laufull princes in thaire trubles, but gif any of thaime uill not abstein (notuithstanding quhat sumeuir youre goode desertis) to uronge you or youre subiectis craue redresse at laiser; heare & doe all reason, & gif na offer that is laufull or honorabill can make him to absteine nor repaire his urongedoing, then for last refuge comitte the iustnes of youre cause to god giuing first honestlie up uith him in a publique & honorable forme, but omitting nou to teache you the forme

of making uarris (because that arte is bettir learnid be practise nor be speculation I uill onlie sett doune to you heir a feu praeceptis thairin: lett first the iustnes of youre cause be youre greatest strenth, & then omitt not to use all laufull meanis for bakking of the same, consulte thairfore uith na necromancer, nor prophete upon the successe of youre uarris remembering on king saullis miserabill ende, but sen all prophecies are ceast in chryst, keepe youre lande clene of all sooth sayeris according to the commande in the lau of god & dilaited be ieremie, nather comitte youre querrell to be

tryed be a duell for it is a comitting of it to a lotte & # thaire is na uarrande for that in the scripture, sen the abrogating of the aulde lau; before ye take on uarris playe the uyse kings pairt descryued be chryste, forseeing hou ye maye beare it out uith all necessaire prouision, especiallie remember that money is (\neruus belli\) , choose aulde experimentid captaines # & young abill soldatis, be extreamlie straite & seuere in # discipline alsuell for keiping of ordoure (quhilke is als requisite as hardiment in the uarres) for punishing of sleuth (quhilke at a tyme maye putte the haill airmie in hazairde) as lykeuayes for repressing of mutinies (quhilke in uarres is uonderfullie dangerouse, & looke to the Spangnoll, quhaise greate successe in all his uarres hes onlie cumd throuch straitnes of # discipline & ordoure, for sicc errouris maye be comitted in the uarres

as can not be gottin mendit againe: be in youre awin person ualkeryfe, diligent, & painfull, using the aduyse of thaime that are skilledest in the craft as ye man do in all craftis, be hamlie uith youre soldatis as youre compaignons for uinning thaire hairtis, extreamlie liberall, for then is na tyme of spairing, be colde & forseeing in deuysing, constant in youre

resolutions, & forduarte & quike in youre executions, fortifie uell youre campe, & assaile not rashelie uithout ane aduantage nather feare, nor lichley youre ennemie, be curiouse in deuysing stratagemis (but alluayes honestlie,) for of anything thay uorke greattest effects in the uarris gif # secrecie be ioined to inuention, & anis or tuyce in youre awin persone hazairde youre self fairlie, but hauing aquyred sa the fame of courage & magnanimitie make not a daylie soldat of youre self exposing rashelie youre person to euerie perrell, but conserue youre self thairafter for the ueill of youre peopill for quhaise saike ye man maire caire for youre self nor for

youre awin, & as I haue counsaild you to be slau in taking on a uarre, sa aduyse I you to be slau in peaxemaking, before ye agree looke that the grounde of youre uarres be satisfeid in youre peaxe, & that ye see a goode suretie for you & youre peopill, otheruayes a honorable & iuste uarre is maire tolerabill then a dishonorable & disaduantagouse peaxe. / but it is not aneuch to a goode king to be the thralldome of goode lawis uell execute to gouuerne his people, gif he ioine # not thairuith his uertuouse lyfe in his awin person & in the # personnis of his courte & cumpanie be his goode exemple alluring

his subiectis to the loue of uertu & hatred of uyce, & # thairfore my sonne sen all people are naturallie inclyned to follou thaire princes exemple (as I sheu you before) lett it not be saide that ye comande otheris to keipe the contraire course to that quhilke in youre awin persone ye practise, making sa youre uordis & deidis to fechte together, but be the # contraire lett youre awin lyfe be a laubooke & a mirroure to youre people, that thairin thay maye reide the practise of thair awin lawis, & thairin thay maye see be youre shaddou quhat lyfe thay soulde leade: & this exemple in youre awin lyfe & personne I lykeuayes deuyde in tua pairtis, the

first in the gouuernement of youre courte & follouaires in all godlinesse & uertu, the next in hauing youre awin mynde dekkid & enriched sa uith all uertuouse qualities, that thairuith ye maye uorthelie reule youre people, for it is not aneuch that ye haue & reteine (as prisoneris) uithin youre self neuer sa monie goode qualities & uertues, except ye emploie thaime & sett thaime on uarke for the ueill of thaime that are comitted to youre chairge, (\omnis etenim uirtus in actione consistit\) : first then as to the gouuernement of # youre court & follouairis, as ye aucht to haue a great caire for the

reulling ueill of all youre subiectis, sa aucht ye haue a # double caire for the ueill reuling of youre awin seruantis, sen unto thaime ye are baith a politike & oeconomike gouuernoure, & as euerie ane of the people uill delyte to follou the exemple of any of the courteouris als ueill in euill as in goode, sa # quhat cryme sa horrible can be comitted & ourseein in a courtioure, that uill not be ane exemplaire excuse for any other of the people boldlie to comitte the lyke: & thairfore in tua pointis ye ualde take goode heade anent youre courte & housholde, firste in choising thame uyselie, next in cairfull reuling # thaime quhom ye haue chosin, it is ane aulde & treu prouerbe that ane kyndlie auer uill neuer becumme a goode horse, for

albeit goode education & cumpanie be greate helpes to nature, (\habitudo\) being callid (\altera natura\) , yett is # it euill to gett out of the fleshe that is bredd in the bane (as the # aulde prouerbe sayes), be uerrie uarre then in making choice of # youre seruauntis & cumpanie, (\nam turpius eiicitur quam non # admittitur hospes\) , & monie respectis maye laufullie lett ane admission that uill not be sufficient causis of depriuation, all youre seruandis & court man be composid pairtlie of minoris (sicc as younge lordis to be brocht up in youre

cumpanie, or pagis & siclyke,) & pairtlie of men of perfyte aage for seruing you in sicc roumes as aucht to be filled uith men of uisdome & discretion, for the first sort ye can do na maire bot choose thaime uithin aage that are cumd of a goode & uertuouse kynde (\in fide parentum\) as baptisme is usid, for suppose that (\anima non uenit ex traduce\) bot is # immediatlie creatid be god & infused from aboue, yett is it maist certaine that uertu or uyce uill oftymes uith the heritage be transferrid from the parentis to the posteritie & rin on a bloode (as the prouerbe is), the seiknessis of the mynde # becumming als kyndlie to sum racis as these siknessis of the boddie

that smittis in the seid, especiallie choose sicc minours as # are cumd of a treu & honest race, & haue not had the house quhairof thaye are discendit infectid uith falset, & as for the other sort of youre cumpanie & seruandis that aucht to be of perfyte aage, first see that thay be of a goode fame & uithout blemishe otheruayes quhat can the people thinke but that ye haue chosin a cumpanie unto you according to youre awin humoure, & sa hes praeferrid these men for the loue of thaise uyces & crymes that ye kneu thaime to be guiltie of, for the peopill that sees you not uithin can not

iudge you but according to the outuarde appearance of youre actions & cumpanie quhilke onlie is subiect to thair sicht, & next see that thay be indeuid uith sicc honest qualities as are meit for sicc offices as ye ordaine thaime to serue in, that youre iudgement maye be knauin in emploiing euerie man according to his giftes, & shortlie follou goode king dauids counsall in the choice of youre seruaundis by setting youre eye upon the faithfull & upricht of the lande to duell uith you, but heir I man not forgettette to remember & according to my fatherlie authoritie to charge you to praeferre # speciallie to youre seruice samonie as treulie haue seruid me, & are able for it, the rest honorablie to reuairde thaime, # praeferring

thaire posteritie before otheris as kyndliest, sa sall ye not onlie be best seruid (for gif the haitteris of youre parentis can not loue you (as I sheu before) it follouis of necessitie thaire louairis man loue you), bot farther ye sall kythe youre thankefull memorie of youre father & procure the blessing of thaise aulde seruandis in not missing thaire aulde maister in you, quhiche otheruayes ualde be turnid in a prayer for me & a curse for you, use thaime thairfore after my death as the testimonies of youre affection touardis me, trusting & aduauncing thaise farthest quhom I fande faithfullest, quhiche

ye man not discerne by thaire reuairdis at my hand, (for reuairdis as thaye are (\bona fortunae\) sa are thay subiect to fortune) but according to the truste I gaue thaime, hauing oftymes hadd bettir hairt then happe to the reuairding of sindrie, and on the other pairt as I uishe you to kythe youre constant loue touardis thame that I loued so desyre I you to kythe in the same measure youre constant haitred to thaime that I hated, I meane bring not hame nor restore not sicc as ye finde standing banished or forfalted be me, the

contraire ualde kythe in you ouir greate a contempt of me, & lichtnes in youre awin nature, for hou can thay be treu to the sonne that uaire false to the father, but to returne to the purpoise anent the choice of youre seruandis, ye sall be this uyse forme of doing esheu the inconuenientis that in my minoritie I fell in anent the choice of my seruandis, for be thame that hadd the comande quhaire I uas brocht up uaire my seruandis putt unto me, not choosing thaime that uaire meittest to serue me but quhom thay thocht meitest to serue thaire turne about me, as kythed uell in many of thaime at the first rebellion raised aganis me, quhilke # compellid me to make a great alteration amongst my seruauntis,

& yett the exempill of that corruption maid me to be lang trublid thairafter uith solistairis reccomending seruauntis # unto me maire for seruing in effect thaire freindis that putt thame in then thaire maister that admitted thaime: lett my exemple then teache you to follou the reule heir sett doune choosing youre seruauntis for youre awin use, & not for the use of # otheris, & sen ye man be (\communis aura\) to all youre peopill sa # choose youre seruauntis indifferentlie out of all quarteris, not # respecting other mennis appetits but thaire awin qualities, for as ye man comande all sa reason uolde ye soulde be seruid out of all as ye please to make choice, but speciallie take goode heade to the choice of youre seruandis that ye praeferre to the offices of the croune & estaite, for in other offices ye haue only to take heade to youre awin ueill, but these concernis

lykeuayes the ueill of youre people for the quhilke ye man be ansourable to god: choose then for all these offices men of knauin uisdome, honestie & goode conscience, ueill practised in the pointis of the craft that ye ordaine thaime for, & free of all factions & partialities, praeferring thame (as ye uill # be

ansourable to god) onlie for thaire uorthines, & not for # pleasing of freindis, but speciallie choose honest, diligent, meane, but responsall men to be youre ressaueris in money maitteris, meane I saye that ye maye quhen ye please take a shairpe coumpte of thaire intromission, uithout perrell of thaire # brewing any truble to youre estaite, for this hes bene the greatest uyte of my misthryuing in monney matteris, especiallie putt neuer a forreyner in any principall office of estait, for that uill neuer faill to steir up sedition & enuye in the cuntrey mennis hairtis baith aganis you & him, but (as I said before) gif god prouyde you uith ma cuntreis then this, chose the borne men of euerie cuntrey to be youre cheif counsallouris thairin,

& for conclusion of my aduyce anents the choice of youre seruandis, delyte to be seruid uith men of the noblest bloode that can be had, for besydes that thaire seruice sall breid you greate goode uill & least enuye (contraire to that of # starte upps ye sall oft finde uertu follou noble racis, as I said # before speiking of the nobilitie. nou as to the other point anent youre gouuerning youre seruandis quhen ye haue chosin thame, make youre court & cumpanie to be a patrone of godlines, & all honest uertues to all the rest of youre peopill,

be a daylie uatcheman ouir youre seruandis that thay obeye youre lawis praeciselie, for hou can youre lawis be keipit in the cuntrey, gif thay be brokin at youre lugge, punishing the breake thairof in a courtioure mair seuearlie then in the personne of any other of youre subiectis, & aboue all suffer nane of thame by abusing thaire credit uith you to opresse or uronge any of youre subiectis, be hamelie or strange uith thaime as ye thinke thaire behauioure deseruis & thaire naturall maye beare uith, thinke a querrellouse man a pest in youre cumpanie, be cairfull to preferre euir the gentlest natured & trustiest to the inuardest offices about you, especiallie in youre chalmer, suffer nane about you to mell in any mennis particulairs but lyke the turkis ianissaires lett

thame knau na father bot you nor particulaire bot youres, & gif any uill mell in thaire kinn or freindis querrellis giue him his leue for sen ye man be of na surname nor kinn bot aequall to all honest men, it becumis you not to be follouid uith partiall or factiouse seruandis, teache obedience to youre seruantis & not to thinke thame selfis ouer uyse, & as quhen any of thame deseruis it ye man not spaire to putt thame auaye, sa uithout a seene cause change nane of thaime, paye thaime as all other youre subiectis uith (\praemium\) or (\poena\) as thay deserue, quhilke is the uerrie grounde stane # of

goode gouuernement, emploie euerie man as ye thinke him qualifeid, but use not ane in all things least he uaxe proude & be enuyed be his marrouis, loue thame best that are plainest uith you & disgyses not the treuth for all thaire kinne, suffer nane to be euill tounged nor bakebyteris of thame thay hate, comande a hairtelie & brotherlie loue among all thaime that seruis you, & shortlie mainteine peaxe in youre courte & banishe enuye, cherishe modestie, banishe deboshid insolence, foster humilitie, represse pryde, setting doune sicc a cumlie & honorable order in all the pointis of youre seruice, that quhen straingearis sall uissie youre court thay maye uith

the quene of seba admire youre uisdome in the glorie of youre house & cumlie ordoure among youre seruantis. bot the # principall blessing that ye can gett of goode cumpanie uill stande in youre mariing of a godlie & uertuouse uyfe, for she man be neirer unto you then any other cumpanie, being fleshe of youre fleshe & bane of youre bane as god him self said to adam, & because I knau not, but god maye call me before ye be readie for mariage I uill shortlie sett doun to you heir my aduyse thairin: first of all considder that mariage is the greatest earthlie faelicitie or miserie that can cum to a man # according

as it pleasis god to blesse or curse the same, sen uithout the blessing of god then ye can not looke for a happie successe in mariage ye man be cairfull baith in youre praeparation for it & in the choice & usage of youre uyfe to procure the sam, by youre praeparation I meane that ye man keipe youre bodie cleane & unpollutid, quhill ye giue it to youre uyfe quhomto onlie it belangis, for hou can ye iustlie craue to be ioined uith a pure uergine gif youre boddie be pollutid, quhy soulde the ane halfe be clene & the other defyled, & suppoise I knau fornication is thocht but a ueniall sinne be the maist pairt of the uarlde, yett remember ueill quhat I said to you in my first booke anent conscience, & compte euerie sinne

& breake of goddis law not according as the uaine uorlde esteimis of it, but as god the iudge & maker of the lau accomptis of the same, heare god commanding be the mouth of paull to absteine from fornication, declairing that the fornicatoure sall not inherite the kingdome of heauen, & be the mouth of iohne rekning out fornication among other greiuouse sinnes that debarres the comitteris amang doggis & suyne from entrie in that spirituall & heauinlie ierusalem, & considder gif a man sall anis take upon him to compte that licht quhilke godd callis heauie, & ueniall that quhilke

god callis greiuouse, beginning first to measure any ane sinne be the reule of his lust & appetits, & not of his conscience, quhat sall lett him to do sa uith the next that his affections sall steir him to, the lyke reason seruing for all, & sa to go forduarte quhill he place his haill corruptid affectionis in goddis roume, & then quhat sall cum of him bot as a man geuin ouer to his awin filthie affections sall perishe into # thaime, & because ue are all of that nature that sibbest exemplis tuichis us neirest, considder the difference of successe that god grantid in the mariages of the king my grandfather & me youre auin father, the reuairde of his harlotrie (proceiding from his euill education) being the suddaine death

at ane tyme of tua pleasande young princes, & a dochter onlie borne to succeide unto him, quhom he hadde neuer the happe samekill as anis to see or blesse before his death, leauing a double curse behinde him to the lande, baith a uoman of sexe, & a neuborne babe of aage to reigne ouir thaime, & as for the reuairde of my continencie youre self & sibbe folkis to you are praise to godd sufficient uitnessis, # be not ashamed then to keape cleane youre boddie (quhilke

is the temple of the holie spreit) notuithstanding all uaine allurementis to the contraire, discerning treulie & uyselie of euerie uertu & uyce according to the treu qualities thairof, & not according to the uaine conceatis of men: as for youre choice in mariadge respecte cheiflie the three causes quhairfor mariage uas first ordained be god, & then ioine three accessouries sa farre as thaye maye be obtained underogating to the principallis, the three causes it uas ordained for are for staying of luste, for procreation of children, & that man soulde be his uife gett a helpaire lyke him self, differre not then to marie quhill youre aage, for it is ordained for

stanshing the lust in youre youthe, speciallie a king man tymouslie marrie for the ueill of his people, nor marrie not # for any accessorie cause or uardlie respectis a uoman unable ather throu aage, nature, or accident for procreation, for in a king that uaire a double falte alsueill againis his awin ueill as againis the ueill of his people, nor yett marrie not # ane of knauin euill conditions or uiciouse education, for the # uomane is ordained to be a helper & not a hinderer to man, the three accessories quhilke (as I haue saide) aucht also to be # respectid uithout derogating to the principall causis, are beutie, # richesse, & freindshipp be allya, quhilkes are all blessings of god, for

beutie increassis youre loue to youre uyfe contenting you the bettir uith her uithout care for others, & riches & great allya do baith make her the abler to be a helper unto you, but gif ouir greate respecte being hadd to these # accessouris the principall causis be ouerseene, quhilke is ouer oft practised in the uorlde as of thame selfis thay are a blessing being uell usid, sa the abuse of thame uill turne thame in a curse, for quhat can all these uordlie respectis auayle quhen a man shall finde him self coupled uith a deuill to be ane # fleshe uith him & the halfe marrou in his bedde, then (thoch too laite) sall he fynde that beutie uithout bontie, uelth uithout uisdome, & great freindshippe uithout grace & honestie are

bot faire shauis & the deceatefull masques of infinite # miseries, bot haue ye respect my sonne to yone three speciall causis in youre mariage, quhilkis flouis from the first institution # thairof (\& caetera omnia adiicientur uobis\) , & thairfore beuare to marrie any bot ane of youre awin religion for hou can ye be of ane fleshe & keipe unitie betuixt you being memberis of tua opposid kirkis, disagreement in religion brings euer uith

it disagreement in maners, & the dissention betuixt youre preachouris & hers uill breide & foster a dissention amongst youre subiectis, taking thaire exempill from youre familie, besydes the perrell of the euill education of youre children, nather pryde you that ye uill be able to frame & make her as ye please, the deceauid salomon the uysest king that euer uas, the grace of perseuerance not being a floure that grouis in oure gairdein, remember also that mariadge is ane of the greatest actions that a man dois in all his tyme, especiallie the taking of his first uyfe, & gif he marrie first baselie # beneath his ranke he uill euer be the lesse accoumptid of thairafter, & last remember to uaile youre uyfe as I aduysed you to uaile

youre seruantis that sho be of a haill & clene race not subiecte to the hereditaire siknessis ather of the saule or the boddie, for gif a man uill be cairfull to breide horses & dogs of goode kyndes hou meikle maire cairfull soulde he be for the breide of his awin loynes, sa sall ye in youre mariadge haue respecte to youre conscience, honoure, & naturall ueill in youre successouris, quhen ye are married keipe inuiolablie youre promeise maid to god in youre mariadge quhilke all standis in doing of ane thing & absteining from ane other; to treate her in all things as youre uyfe & the halfe of youre self, & to make youre boddie (quhilke then is na maire youris

bot properlie hers) commoune uith na other; I truste I neide not to insiste heir to dissuaide you from the filthie uyce of adulterie, remember onlie quhat solemne promeise ye make to god at youre mariage & sen it is onlie be the force of that promeise that youre bairnis succeidis to you quhilke other uayes thay coulde not doe, equitie & reason ualde ye soulde keipe youre pairt thairof god is euer a seueare auenger of all periuries & it is na oathe maid in mowis that giues pouer to bairnis to succeide to great kingdomes, haue the king my grandfatheris exempill before youre eyes quha be his adulterie bredd the uraike of his laufull dochtir & aire in begetting # that bastarde quha unnaturallie rebellid & procured the ruyne of his awin sister; & quhat goode her posteritie hes gottin # sensyne

of that unlaufull generation bothuellis trikkes can beare uitnesse, keipe praeciselie then youre promeise maid at mariage as ye uolde uishe to be pairtaker of the blessing thairin: & for youre behauioure to youre uyfe the scripture can best giue you counsall thairin, treat her as youre awin fleshe, comande her as her lorde, cherishe her as youre helper, reule her as youre pupill, please her in all things reasonable, but teache her not to be curiouse in things that belongis her not, ye are the heade, sho is of youre boddie, it is youre # office

to comande, & hers to obeye, but yett uith sicc a sueit # harmonie as sho soulde be als readdie to obeye as ye to comande, als uilling to follou, as ye to goe before, youre loue being # haillelie knitte unto her; & all her affections louinglie bent to follou # / youre uill, & to conclude keepe speciallie three reulis uith youre uyfe, first suffer her neuer to medle uith the politike gouuernement of the comounelth, bot holde her at the oeconomike reule of the house & yett all to be subiect to youre direction, keipe cairfullie goode & chaste cumpanie about her, for uemen are the frailest sexe, & be neuer baith angrie at anis, for quhen ye see her in passion ye soulde uith reason dainte youris, for baith quhen ye are setlid ye are meitest to iudge of her errouris, & quhen sho is cumd to her

self scho maye be best maid to aprehende her offence & # reuerence youre rebuke, gif god sende you succession be cairfull for thaire uertuouse education, loue thame as ye aucht bot lett thame knau als mekill of it as the gentillnes of thaire nature uill deserue containing thaime euer in a reuerende loue, & louing feare of you, & inkaice it please god to prouyde you to all thir three kingdomes make youre eldest sonne isaake leauing him all youre kingdomes, & prouyde the leaue uith priuate possessions, otheruayes be deuyding youre # kingdomes

ye sall leaue the seid of diuision & discorde amongst youre posteritie, but gif god giue you not succession, defraude neuer the nearest be richt quhat euir conceate ye haue of the personne, for kingdomes are euer at goddis disposition, & in that cace ue are but lyfe rentairis, lying na maire in the kings nor peopils handis to disposesse the richteouse aire. & as youre cumpanie soulde be a patrone to the rest of youre peopill, sa soulde youre persone be a lampe & mirroure to youre cumpanie, geuing licht to youre seruandis to ualke in the pathe of uertu & representing unto thame sicc uorthie qualities as thay soulde prease to imitate: I neid not to # truble

you uith the particulaire discours of the seuin cardinall # uertues, it is sa troddin a paithe, bot I uill shortlie saye unto you, # make ane of thame quhilke is temperance quene of all the rest uithin you, I meane not by the uulgaire interpretation of temperance, quhilke onlie standis in the moderate using of meate & drinke, but I meane of that uyse moderation that firste comanding youre self, sall as a quene comande all the affections & passions of youre mynde, & as a phisition uyselie mixe all youre actions according thairto, thairfore not onlie in all youre affections & passions but euen in youre maist

uertuouse actions make euer moderation to be the cheife # reulaire, for althoch halines be the firste & maist requisite qualitie of a christiane as proceiding from the treu feare & knauledge of god, yett ye remember hou in the conclusion of my first booke I aduysed you to moderate all youre outuarde actions flouing thairfra, the lyke saye I nou of iustice quhilke is the greatest uertu that properlie belongis to a kings office, use iustice bot uith sicc moderation as it turne not in tirannie, otheruayes (\summum ius is summa iniuria\) , as for exemple # gif a man be inuaidit be brigandis or theues & in his awin defence slae any of thaime, because thay uaire not at the horne, &

that he foryette to keipe the expresse uordis of the lau in not stepping three steppis abake, & crying goddis peaxe & the kings sall be thairfore loose his heade, & lykeuayes be the lauborrouis in oure lauis men are prohibited under pecuniall paines from anyuayes inuaidng [\SIC\] or molesting thaire neichbouris personne or boundis, gif then his horse breake the teddir & pastoure in his neichbouris meddou sall he paye tua or thre thousande poundis for the uantonnes of

his horse or the ueakenes of his teddir, suirlie na, for lauis are ordainid as reulis of uertuouse & sociall liuing, & not to be snairis to trappe youre goode subiectis, & thairfore the lau man be interpretid according to the meaning & not to the literall sence thairof, (\nam ratio est anima legis\) , & as I # saye of iustice sa saye I of clemencie, magnanimitie, liberalitie, constancie, humilitie, & all other princelie uertues, (\nam in medio stat uirtus\) , & it is bot the crafte of the deuill that falselie cullouris the tua uyces that are on ather syde # thairof, uith the borrouid titles thairof, albeit in uerrie deid thay # haue

na affinitie thairuith, & the tua extremities thaime selfis althoch thay seeme dyuers, yett grouing to the heicht rinnis euer baith in ane, for quhat difference is betuixt extreame tirrannie delyting to destroye all mankynde, & extreame slakenes of punishement permitting euerie man to tirranize ouer his marrou, & quhat differis extreame prodigalitie be uaisting of all to possesse nathing from extreame niggartenes be hurding up of all to enioie nathing, lyke the asse that carieing uittaile on her bake is lyke to sterue for hunger & uill be faine of thristillis for her pairt, & quhat is betuixt # the pryde of a gloriouse nebuchadnezar & the praeposterouse

humilitie of ane of oure puritane ministeris, claming to thaire pairetie & crying ue are all bot uyle uormis & yett uill iudge & giue the lau to thaire king, bot uill be iudgid nor # controllid be nane, suirlie thaire is maire pryde under sicc a anes blake bonett nor under great alexanderis diademe (as uas saide of the cloutes of diogenes) bot aboue all uertues, studdie to knau ueill youre awin crafte quhilke is to reule youre peopill, & quhen I saye this I bidde you knau all craftis, for except ye knau euerie ane hou can ye controlle euerie ane, quhilke is youre propre office, thairfore besydis youre education it is necessaire ye delyte in reiding & seiking the knauledge of all laufull things, bot uith thir tua restrictions, first that ye

choose ydle houris for it not interrupting thairuith the # dischairge of youre office, & next that ye studdie not for knauledge naketlie, but that youre principall ende be to make you able thairby to use youre office, practising according to youre knauledge in all the pointis of youre calling, not lyke thir uaine astrologiens that studdies nicht & daye on the course of the starres onlie that thay maye for satisfeing # thaire curiositie knau thaire cours bot sen all airtes & scyences are linked euerie ane uith other thayre greattest principles # agreeing in ane (quhiche moued the poets to feinzie the nyne

muses to be all sisteris) studdie thaime that oute of thaire harmonie ye maye souke the knauledge of all faculties, & consequentlie be on the counsall of all craftis, that ye maye be able to containe thaime all in order as I haue allreaddie said, knauledge & learning is a licht burdein the uecht quhairof uill neuer preasse youre schoulderis, first of all # then studdie to be uell seene in the scriptures alsueill for the knauledge of youre awin saluation as that ye maye be able to conteine youre kirke in thaire calling (as (\custos utriusque tabulae\) ) for the reuling thaime ueill is na small pointe of # youre

office, taking speciallie heade that thaye uague not from # thaire text in the pulpite, for gif euer ye ualde haue peace in youre lande suffer thaime not to medle uith the policie or estaite in the pulpitte, but snibbe sikkerlie the first that mintis to it, & gif he lyke to appeale or declyne, quhen ye haue tane order uith his heade his brethren may gif thaye please polle his haire & paire his nailis, as the king my grandfather said of a preiste, do nathing touardis thaime uithout a goode grounde & uarrande, but ressone not meikle uith thaime for as I haue taulde you before I haue ellis ouir mekle burstin thaime uith that, (\contra uerbosos noli contendere uerbis\) , # & suffer na conuentions nor meitings amongst kirkemen but

be youre knauledge & permission, next the scriptures studdie / uell youre awin lawis for hou can ye discerne be the thing ye knau not, but prease to drau all youre lawis & processis to be als shorte & plaine as ye can, assure youre self the langsumnes baith of richtis, & processis breidis thaire unsure lousenes & obscuritie, the shortest being euer baith the surest & plainest forme, & the langsumenesse seruis onlie for the enriching of the aduocatis & clerkis uith the spoile of the haille cuntrey, & thairfore delyte to haunte quhyles youre session & spye cairfullie thaire proceidings taking narrou tent gif any # bryberie maye be tryed among thaime, quhilke can not ouer seuearlie

be punished, spaire not to gange thaire for gracing that farre any that ye fauoure be youre presence to procure thame expedition of iustice (althoch that soulde be speciallie done for the poore that can not uayte on) but quhen ye are thaire, remember the trone is goddis & not youris that ye sitte in, & lett na fauoure nor quhat sumeuir respectis moue you from the richt, ye sitte not thaire (as I sheu before) for reuarding of freindis or seruandis, nor for crossing of contemneris, bot onlie for doing of iustice, learne also uyselie to discerne # betuixt iustice & equitie, for pittie of the poore then robbe not the

riche because he maye bettir spaire it, but giue the littill man the maist cloake, gif it be his, escheuing the erroure of young cirus thairin, for iustice be the lau giuis euerie man # his awin, & equitie in things abitrall giuis euerie ane that # quhilke is meittest for him, be ane ordinaire sittaire in youre secreit counsall, that iudicatoure is onlie ordained for maitteris of estaite & repressing of insolent opressions, make that # iudgement als compendiouse & plaine as ye can, & suffer na aduocattis to be harde thaire uith thaire dilatouris, but lett euerie pairtie tell his awin taile him self, & uearie not to heir the complaintis of the opressid, (\aut ne rex sis\) , remitte # euerie thing to the ordinarie iudicatoure for escheuing of confusion,

bot let it be youre awin crafte to take a shairpe counte of euerie man in his office: & next the lauis I uolde haue you to be ueill uersid in authentike histories & speciallie in the cronicles of all naitions, I meane not of sicc infamouse # inuectiues as buchananis or knokisis croniclis, for gif any of thaise infamouse lybellis remaine quhill youre dayes use the lau upon the keiparis thairof, for in that pointe I ualde haue you a pithagoriste to thinke that the spreitis of thaise # archibellisis of rebellion are flitted into thaime that hoordis thaire bookis or mainteinis thaire opinions, punishing thaime euen

as it uaire thaire authouris rissin againe, but by reiding of authentike histories & cronicles ye sall learne experience be theorike, aplying the bypaste things to the present estate, (\quia nihil nunc dici aut fieri potest quod non dictum & # factum sit prius\) , sicc is the contineuall uolubilitie of things # earthlie according to the roundnes of the uarlde & uolubilitie of the heauinlie circles, quhiche is expressid be the quheillis in ezechiels uision, & counterfitted by the poettis (\in rota # fortunae\) , & lukeuayes be the knauledge of histories ye sall knau hou to behaue youre self to all ambassadouris & # straingeris being able to discourse uith thaime upon the estaite of thaire awin cuntree, as for the studdie of other liberall airtis & scyences I ualde haue you reasonablie uersid into thaime, but not preassing to be a passemaister in any of thaime

for that can not bot distracte you from the pointis of youre calling (as I sheu before), & quhen be the ennemie uinning the toune ye sall be interruptid in youre demonstration as archimedes uas, youre people I trou uill looke uerrie bluntlie upon it, I graunte it is meite ye haue sum entrance speciallie in the mathematikes for the knauledge of the airt militaire in

situation of campis, making fortificationis, breshes, or siclyke: & lett not this youre knauledge be deade uithout fruictis as s. iames sayes of faith, but lett it appeire in your daylie conuersation & in all the actions of youre lyfe, embrace treu magnanimitie not in being uindictife, quhilke the corruptid iudgementis of the uorlde thinkis to be treu magnanimitie, bot be the contraire in thinking youre offendoure not uorthie of youre uraith empyring ouer youre passion & triumphing in the comanding youre selfe to forgiue, steuarding the effects of youre curage & uraith to be richtlie emploied upon repelling of iniuries uithin, by reuenge

takking upon the opressouris & in reuenging iniuries uithout be iuste uarris upon forraine ennemies, & sa quhaire ye finde a notable iniurie spaire not to giue course to the torrents of youre uraith, the uraith of a king is lyke the roaring of a lyon, foster treu humilitie in banishing pryde not onlie touardis god, considdering ye differ not in stuffe bot in use, (& that onlie be his ordinance) from the basest of youre peopill, but also touardis youre parentis, & because it is lykelie be the course of nature that my uyfe

sall outleue me, as euer ye thinke to purchase my blessing honoure youre mother, sett beersheba in a throne on youre richt hande, offende her for nathing, mekle lesse uronge her, remember her (\quae decem tulit fastidia menses\) , & that # youre fleshe & bloode is maid of hers, & beginne not lyke the young lordis & lairdis youre first uarris upon youre mother bot prease euer earnistlie to deserue her blessing, nather deceaue youre self uith mony that sayes thay caire not for thaire parentis curse sa that thaye deserue it not; o inuerte not the ordoure of nature be iudging youre superiouris cheiflie in youre awin particulaire, but assure youre self the blessing

or curse of the parentis hes almaiste euer a prophetike pouaire ioined uith it, & gif thaire uaire na maire, honoure youre parentis for the lenthning of youre awin dayis as god in his lau promeisis, honoure also thame that are (\in loco parentum\) unto you, sicc as youre gouuernouris & upbringaires & youre praeceptouris, be thankefull unto thame & reuairde thame quhilke is youre deutie & honoure; bot on the other pairte lett not this treu humilitie staye youre heich indignation to appeire quhen any greate opressouris sall presume to cum in youre presence, then froune as ye aucht & inkaice thaye use

a culloure of lau in opressing thaire poore anis (as ouer many doe, that quhilke ye can not mende be lau mende be the uithdrauing of youre countenance from thame, & anis in the yeare crosse thaime quhen thaire turnis cummis athort you, opressing the opressoure according to crystis parable of the tua debtouris, keipe treu constancie not onlie in youre kyndnes touardis honest men, but being also (\inuicti animi\) against # all aduersities, not uith that stoike insensible stupiditie that proude inconstant lipsius persuaides in his constantia, but althoch ye are not a stoke not to feele calamities, yett lett not the feiling of thaime sa ouer reule & doasin youre reason, as maye staye you from taking & using the best resolution for remeade that can be founde out, use treu # liberalitie in reuarding the goode & bestouing franklie for

youre honoure & ueill but prouyde hou to haue & caste not auay uithout cause, & speciallie enriche not youre self uith exactions upon youre subiectis but thinke the richesse

of youre people youre best pose, by the sinnes of the # offendaires making youre kitchein to reike, & inkaice necessitie of uarris or other extraordinaires compell you to lifte # subsidies, do it als rairelie as ye can emploieing it onlie to the use it uas ordained for, using youre self in that cace as (\fidus depositarius\) to youre peopill, & principallie # exercise treu uisdome in discerning uyselie betuixt treu & false # reportis, first considdering the nature of the personne reporter, next quhat intrese he can haue in the ueill or euill of him quhomof he makis the reporte, thriddlie the likliheade of the purpoise it self, & last the nature & bypaste lyfe of the dilaited

person & quhaire ye finde a tratler auaye uith him, & althoch it be treu that a prince can neuer uithout secrecie do greate # things, yett it is bettir oftetymes to trye reportis then be credulitie to foster suspition upon a honest man, for sen suspition is the tirantis seiknesse as the fruictis of ane euill conscience # (\potius in alteram partem peccato\) , I meane in not mistrusting ane quhomto na sicc unhonestie uas knauin before, bot as for peopill that haue slipped before, (\argumentum a simili\) maye iustlie breid praeuention be foresicht: & to conclude my aduyce anent youre behauioure in youre personne considder that god

is the authoure of all uertu hauing imprentid in mennis myndes be the uerrie licht of nature the loue of all mortal uertues as uas seene be the uertuouse lyfes of the aulde romanis & prease then to shyne als farre before youre people in all uertu & honestie as in greatnes of ranke, that the use thairof in all youre actions maye turne uith

tyme in a naturall habitude unto you, that as be thaire hearing of youre lawis sa be thaire sicht of youre persone baith thaire eyes & thaire eares maye leade & allure thaime to the loue of uertu, & hatred of uyce.

[^THIRD BOOK^] 3 B. it is a treu olde saying that as king is a ane sett on a skaffolde quhase smallest actions & gestures all the people gazinglie do behoulde, & thairfore althoch a king be neuer sa praecise in the dischairging of his office, the people quha sees but the outuarde pairt uill euer iudge of the substance be the circumstances, & according to the outuarde appearance, gif his behauioure be licht or dissolute uill conceaue praeoccupied conceatis of the kings inuairde intention, quhiche althoch uith tyme (the

tryer of all treuth) it uill uanishe by the euidence of the # contraire euents, yett (\interim patitur iustus\) , & praeiudged # conceatis uill in the meanetyme breid contempte the mother of rebellion & disorder & besydes that, it is certaine that all the indifferente actions & behauioure of a man haue a certaine haulding & dependance ather upon uertu or uyce according as thay are usid or reulid, for thaire is not a # middis betuixt thaime namaire nor betuixt thaire reuairdis heauen

& hell, be cairfull then my sonne to frame sa all youre # indifferent actions & outuarde behauioure as thay maye serue for the furtherance & furthsetting of youre uertuouse # qualities: the haill indifferent actions of a man I deuyde in tua sortis, in his behauioure in things necessaire as foode, sleiping, rayment, speaking, or uritting & gestaure & in things not necessaire thoch conuenient & laufull as pastymes, or # exercises, & using of cumpanie meit for recreation, as to the indifferent things necessaire, althoch that of thaime selfis thay can not be uantid, & sa in that cace are not indifferent, as lykeuayes inkaice thay be not usid uith moderation, # declyning

sa to the extremitie quhilke is uyce, yett the qualitie & forme of using thaime maye smell of uertu or uyce, & be great furthereris to any of thaime, to beginne first then at the things necessaire ane of the publiquest indifferent actions of a king, & that maniest especiallie straingeris uill narroulie take heade to, is his maner of refection at his table & his behauioure thairat, thairfore as kings usis oft to eate publictlie it is meit & honorable that ye also doe sa, alsueill / to escheu the opinion that ye loue not to haunte cumpanie, quhilke is ane of the markis of a tyrane, as lykeuayes that

youre delyte to eate priuatlie be not thocht to be for priuate satisfeing of youre gluttonie, quhilke ye ualde be ashamed soulde be publictlie seene, lett youre table be honorablie seruid, but serue youre appetite uith few dishes as young Cirus did, quhilke baith is hailsumest & freest from the uyce of delicatie quhilke is a degree of gluttonnie, & use maiste to eate of reasonable rude & commoune meatis, alsuell for making youre boddie strong & durable for trauell, as that ye maye be the hairtelier ressaued be youre meane subiectis in thaire houses quhen thaire cheir maye suffice you, quhilke other uayes ualde be imputed to you for pryde & breid disdaine in thaime, lett all youre foode be of simples uithout # composition

or saulces, quhilke are lyker medecines then meate, the using thaime uas coumptid among the auncient romanes a filthie uyce of delicatie because thay serue only for # pleasing of the taiste & not for satisfeing of the appetite, abhorring appius thaire awin cittisen for his filthie uishe of the # crancraige, & thairfore uas that sentence usid among thaime against thaise artificiall false appetites, (\optimum # condimentum fames\) , but beuaire uith using excesse of meate or

drinke & cheiflie beuaire of drunkenesse, quhilke is a beastlie uyce namelie in a king bot speciallie beuaire uith it because # it is ane of thaise uyces that increassis uith aage, in the forme of youre meate eating be nather unciuill lyke a grosse Cinike, nor affectatlie mignarde lyke a dentie dame, but eate in a manlie, rounde, & honest facon, it is nauayes cumlie to dispatche affaires, or be pansiue at meate, but keepe then ane oppin & cheirfull countenance, garring then reide pleasant histories unto you that proffeit maye be mixed uith pleasure, & quhen ye are euill disposid interteine pleasant, quike, bot honest discoursis: & because meate prouokis sleiping, be also

moderate in youre sleepe, for it gangis meikle be use, & # remember that gif oure haill lyfe uaire deuydit in foure pairtis three of thame ualde be founde to be consumed on meate, drinke, & sleipe, but albeit ordinaire tymes ualde commounlie be keiped in meate & sleipe, yett use youre self quhyles sa that any tyme in the foure & tuentie houris maye be alyke to you for any of thaime, that thairby youre dyet maye be accomodate to youre affaires, & not youre affaires to youre dyet, not thairfore using youre self to

ouergreat softnes & delicatie in youre sleipe maire nor in youre meate. & speciallie inkaice ye haue adoe with the uarres: lett not youre chalmer be thrang & commoune the tyme of youre rest als uell for cumlines as for escheuing of carieing clatteris out of the same, lett thaim that haue the credit to serue in youre chalmer, be trustie & secreate for a king uill haue neid to use secreacie in many things, but yett behaue youre self sa in youre greatest secreatis as ye neid not be ashamed suppose thay uaire all proclamed at the

crosse, but speciallie see that thaise of youre chalmer be of a sounde fame, & uithout blemishe, take na heade to any of youre dreames for all prophecies uisions, & prophetike dreames are accompleished & ceast in chryste, & thairfore take na heade to freatis ather in dreames or any other things, for that erroure proceidis of ignorance & is unuorthie of a christiane, quha soulde be assured (\quod omnia sunt sancta sanctis\) , all dayes & meates being alyke to # christianis as paul sayis. next follouis to speake of rayment quhilke in the ordinaire action that follouis next to sleipe, # be also moderate in youre raiment nather ouer superfluouse

lyke a deboshed uaistoure, nor ouer base lyke a miserabill pedder, not artificiallie trimmed & dekkid lyke a courtizane, nor yett ouer sluggishelie cledd lyke a cuntree cloune, not ouer lichtlie lyke a candie soldat or a uaine young courteoure, nor yett ouer grauelie lyke a minister, bot in youre garmentis be propir, cleinlie, cumlie, & honest uearing youre claithis in a cairles yett cumlie forme, keiping in thaime a midde forme (\inter togatos & palliatos\) , betuixt the grauitie of # the ane & lichtnes of the other, thairby to signifie that by youre # / calling ye are mixed of baith the professions, (\togatus\) as a iuge making & pronouncing the law, (\palliatus\) be the pouaire

of the suorde, as youre office is lykeuayes mixed betuixt the ecclesiastike & ciuill estait, for a king is not mere laicus as baith the papistes & anabaptistes uolde haue him, to quhilke erroure also oure puritanes enclynes ouer farre, but to returne to the purpoise of garmentis thay aucht to be used according to thaire first institution be god, quhilke uas for three # causis, to hyde oure naiketnes & shame, & consequentlie to make us maire cumlie, & thridlie to preserue us from the iniuries of heate or caulde, gif to hyde oure nakidnes & shamefull pairtis, these naturall pairtis ordained to be hidd soulde not then

be representid by any formes in the claithis as the greate filthie balopis dois (bearing the pinsell of priapus) quhilke thairfore I thinke the onlie unlaufull forme of claithis, & gif thay soulde helpe oure cumlines, thay soulde not then be thaire painted preined facon serue for baitis to filthie # leacherie, as false haire & fairding dois among unchaiste uemen, & gif thay soulde preserue us from the iniuries of heate and colde, men soulde not lyke senceles staines contemne god in lichleing the seasons gloriing to conqueis honoure on heate or caulde, & althoch it be praise uorthie & necessaire in a prince to be (\patiens algoris & aestus\) quhen he sall haue adoe uith # uarres

upon the feildis, yett I thinke it meitter that ye ga baith cledd & airmed nor naiked to the battell, except ye ualde make you licht for auaye rinning, & yett for couardis (\metus addet alas\) , & shortlie in youre claithis keipe a proportion alsueill uith the seasons of the yeare as of youre aage, in the facons of thaime being cairles, using thaime according to the comoune forme of the tyme quhyles richelier, quhyles meinlier cledd as occasion seruis, uithout keiping any praecise reulle thairin, for gif youre mynde be founde occupied upon thaime it uill be thocht ydle otheruayes, as caesar

said (\de compto iuuene\) quhaise spreit thairfore he fearid # not, bot speciallie escheu to be aeffeminate in youre claithis in parfuming, preining, or siclyke. & faill neuer in tyme of uarres to be galliardest & brauest baith in claithis & # countenance, & make not a foole of youre self in disguysing, or uearing lang youre haire or nailes, quhilke are but excrementis of nature, & beurayes sicc misusers of thaime to be ather of a uindictif, or a uaine licht naturall, especiallie make na uouis in sicc uaine & outuarde things as concernis ather meate or claithis, lett youre self & all youre courte ueare na ordinaire armoure uith youre claithis, bot sicc as is knichtlie & # honorable I meane rapper-suordis & daiggeris, for tuillesome ueapons in the courte betaikinnes confusion in the cuntree,

& thairfore banishe not onlie from youre courte all traiterouse offensiue ueaponis forbidden be the lauis as gunnis & siclyke (quhairof alreaddie I spake), bot also sicc traiterouse # defensiue armes as secrettis, pleatesleues & siclyke unseene armoure, for besydes that the ueareris of thaim maye be praesupposid to haue a secreit euill intention, thay uante baith the usis that defensiue armoure is ordained for quhilk is to be able to haulde out uiolence, & be thaire outuarde glauncing in thaire ennemies eyes to strike a terroure in thaire hairtis,

quhair be the contraire thay can serue for nather, being not onlie unable to resiste bot dangerouse for shottis, & geuing na outuarde glaunce aganis the ennemie being onlie ordained for betraying under truste, quhairof honeste men shoulde be ashamed to beare the outuairde bagee not resembling the thing thaye are not, & for ansoure against thir arguments I knau nane but the aulde skottis facon, quhilke gif it be urang is na maire to be alloued for ancientnes, nor the aulde messe is, quhilke also oure forbearis used. the next thing that ye haue to take heade to is, youre speiking & langage, quhairunto I ioine youre gesture, sen action is ane of the cheifest # qualities

that is requyred in ane oratoure, for as the tounge speakis to the eares sa dois the gesture speake to the eyes of the # auditoure, in baith youre speiking & youre gesture then use a naturall & plaine forme not fairdit uith artifice, for as the frenshe men sayes, (\rien conterfaict fin\) , bot escheu all affectate # formis / in baith, in youre langage be plaine, honest naturall, cumlie, clene, shorte & sententiouse escheuing baith the extremities alsueill in not using a rusticall corrupt leid, nor yett booke langage & penn & inkorne termes, & least of all mignarde & aeffeminate termis, but lett the greatest pairt of youre # eloquence

consiste in a naturall, cleir, & sensibill forme of the # deliuerie of youre mynde, beildit aye upon certaine & goode groundis tempering it uith grauitie, quikenes, or mirrienes according to the subiect & occasion of the tyme, not taunting in theologie, nor alleadging scripture in drinking purposis, as ouer many dois, use also the lyke forme in youre gesture, # nather looking sillelie lyke a stupide pedante, nor unsetledlie uith # ane unkouth morgue, lyke a neu come ouir caualier, but lett youre behauioure be naturall, graue, & according to the facon of youre cuntree, be not ouer spairing in youre courtesies, for that uill be imputed to inciuilitie & arrogance, nor yett ouer prodigall in iouking, or nodding at euerie steppe, for that

forme of being populaire becummis bettir aspiring absalons, then laufull kings, framing euer youre gesture according to youre present actions, looking grauelie & uith a maiestie quhen ye sitt in iudgement, or giues audience to ambassadouris, hamelie quhen ye are in priuate uith youre awin seruauntis, merrilie quhen ye are at any pastyme or mirrie discourse, & lett youre countenance smell of curage & magnanimitie quhen ye are at the uarris, & remember I saye ouer againe to be plaine & sensibill in youre langage, for besydis that it is

the toungis office to be the messinger of the mynde, it maye be thocht a pointe of imbecillitie of spreit in a king to # speake obscuirlie, mekle maire untreulie, as gif he stoode awe of any in uttering his thochtis, except sum unhappie mutinie or suddaine rebellion uaire bleasid up, then indeid it is a laufull policie to beare uith that present fyrie confusion be faire generall speichis (keiping you als farre as ye can fra # direct promeisis,) quhill the fyre be quenshit & that confusid masse separatid, & to doe otheruayes it uaire na magnanimitie bot rashe tempting of god, remember also to putt a difference

betuixt youre forme of langage in reasoning & youre pronouncing of sentences or declaratoure of youre uill in iudgement or any other uayes in the pointis of youre office, for in the former cace ye man reason pleasantlie & patientlie not lyke a king bot lyke a priuate man & a skoller, otheruayes youre impatiencie of contradiction uill be interpreted to be for lake of reason on youre pairte, quhaire in the pointis of youre office ye soulde rypelie aduyse indeid before ye giue furth youre sentence, bot fra it be geuin furth, the suffering of any contradiction diminishes the maiestie of youre # autoritie & makis the processis endles, the lyke forme soulde also be obseruid be all youre inferioure iudgis & magistratis. nou as to youre uritting quhilke is nathing ellis bot a forme of

enregistrate speache use a plaine, shorte bot statelie style baith in youre proclamations & missiues, especiallie to # forraine princes, & gif youre engyne spurre you to uryte any uorkes ather in uerse or prose, I can not bot allou you to practise it bot take na langsum uorkis in hande for distracting you from youre calling, flatter not youre self in youre # labouris, bot before thaye be sett furth lett thaime first be preuilie censured be sum of the best skilled men in that craft that in these uorkis ye mell uith, & because youre urittis uill remaine as treu pictouris of youre mynde to all posterities, lett

thaime be free of all uncomelines & unhonestie, & according to horaces counsall (\de arte poetica nonum premantur in # annum\) I meane baith youre uerse & youre prose, letting first that furie, & heat, coole at laiser quhairuith thay uaire uritten & then as ane unkouth iudge & censoure reuising thaime ouer againe (\antequam ultimam adhibeas manum\) , gif ye uolde # uritte uorthelie choose subiects uorthie of you that be not full of uanitie but of uertu, escheuing obscuritie & delyting euer to be plaine & sensibill, & gif ye uritte in uerse, remember that

it is not the principall pairt of a poeme to ryme richt, & flou ueill uith monie prettie uordis, but the cheif comendation of a poeme is that quhen the uerse sall be shaikin sindrie in # prose it sall be founde sa riche of quike inuentions & poetike # flouris, as it sall retaine the lustre of a poeme althoch in prose, & I # ualde also aduyse you to uritte in youre awin langage for thaire is nathing left to be said in graeke & latin allreaddie, & aneu of poore skollairs ualde matche you in these langages, & besydes that it best becumis a king to purifie & make famouse his awin langage quhairin he maye ga before all his subiectis as it settis him ueill to doe in all laufull things. & amang # all

unnecessaire things that are laufull & expedient I thinke exercises of the boddie maist commendable to be used be a young prince, in sicc honest games or pastymes as maye further habilitie & mainteine health, for albeit I graunt it be maist requisite for a king to exercise his engyne (quhilke suirlie uith ydilnes uill rouste & becum blunte) yet certainlie bodilie exercises & ghames are uerrie comendable, als ueill for banishing of ydilnes (the mother of all uyces) as for making his boddie abill & durabill for trauell quhilke is # uerrie

necessaire for a king, but from this compte I debarre all rumling uiolent exercises as the fitball meitter for laming nor making able the useris thairof, as lykeuayes sicc tumbling trikkis as onlie seruis for comoedians & gysairis to uinne # thaire breade uith, but the exercises that I uolde haue you to use (althoch but moderatlie not making a crafte of thaime) are rinning, leaping, urestling, fensing, dansing, & playing at the cache & the honorablest, & maist comendable ghames that ye can use are ghames on horsebake, for it becumis a prince best of any man to be a faire & goode horseman, use thairfore to ryde & dantoune great & curagiouse horsis, that I maye

saye of you as philippe sayed of great alexander his sonne [^GREEK^] , & use speciallie sicc ghames on horse-bake as maye teache you to handle youre airmis thairon sicc as the tilte, the ring, & laiche ryding for handling of youre suorde: I can not omitte heir the hunting speciallie uith rinning houndis quhilke is the maist honorabill & noblest sorte thairof, for it is a thifteouse forme of hunting to # shoote uith gunnis & bowis, & greuhunde hunting is not sa martiall nor noble a ghame, bot because I ualde be thocht a partiall praiser of this sporte I remitte you to xenophon ane aulde

& famouse urittaire, quha hadd na mynde of flattering ather me or you in this purpois, & quha also settis doune a faire patrone for the education of a younge king under the supposed name of cirus: as for hauking I condemne it not, but I man praise it maire spairinglie, because it nather ressembles the uarris sa neir as hunting, dois, in making a man hardie & skillfull riddin in all groundis & is maire uncertaine & subiect to mischances, & (quhilke is uorst of all) is # thairethrou ane extreame stirrer up of passions, but in using ather of thir ghames obserue that moderation, as ye slippe not thairuith the houris appointed for youre affaires, quhilke ye aucht euer praeciselie for to keipe, remembring that these games are bot

ordained for you in enhabling you for youre office for the quhilke ye are ordained: & as for sitting house pastymes, quhairuith men be dryuing tyme spurris a free & fast aneuch rinning horse (as the prouerbe is) althoch thay are not # profitable for the exercise, ather of mynde or boddie, yett I can not utterlie condamne thaime, sen thay maye quhyles suplee the roume quhilke being toome ualde be patent to perniciouse ydilteth, (\quia nihil potest esse uacuum\) , I uill not # thairfore agree uith the curiositie of danaeus in his booke (\de lusu # alaee\)

& maist of the frenshe ministeris (althoch otheruayes suirlie I reuerence thaime as notable & godlie men,) for thay are deceaued thairin in founding thaire argument upon a mistaken grounde, quhiche is that the playing at cairtes or dyce is a kynde of casting of lotte & thairfore unlaufull, quhairin thay deceaue thaime selfis, for the casting of lotte uas used for tryall of the treuth in any obscure thing that otheruayes coulde not be gottin cleired, & thairfore uas as a sorte of # prophesie, quhaire be the contraire na man gangis to any of thaise playes to cleire any obscure treuth, bot onlie to gage sa mekill of his awin money as he pleisis upon the hazarde

of the rinning of the cairtes or dyce, alsueill as he ualde doe upon the speid of a horse or a dogge or any siclyke gagoure, & sa gif thay be unlaufull all gagoures upon uncertainties must lykeuayes be condemned, not that heirby I take the defence of uaine cairteris & dyceris that uaistis thaire moyen & thaire tyme (quhairof few considderis the pretiousnes) upon prodigall & contineuall playing, na I ualde rather allou it to be dischairged quhaire sicc corruption can not be # escheuid, bot onlie I can not condemne you at sum tymes, quhen ye haue na other thing adoe (as a goode king uill be seeldome) & are uearie of reading, or euill disposed in youre personne, # then

I saye maye ye laufullie playe at the cairtes or tables, for as to dycing I thinke it becummis best deboshed soldatis to playe at on the heade of thaire drummis (, being onlie reulid be hazairde & subiect to knauishe cogging, & as for the chesse I thinke it ouer fonde because it is ouer uyse, & philosophike a folie, for quhaire all sicc licht playes are ordained to free mennis headis for a tyme from the fashouse thochtis on thaire affaires, it be the contraire fillis & # trubles mennis headis uith als manie fashouse toyes of the playe, as before it uas filled uith thochtis on his affaires: bot in youre playing I uolde euer haue you to keepe three reullis, # first

or ye play considder ye doe it onlie for youre recreation, & resolue to hazairde the losse of all that ye playe, & next for that cause playe na maire nor ye caire to caste among paages, & last playe alluayes faire playe praeciselie, that ye cum not in use of trikking, & lieing in mowis, otheruaies gif ye can not keepe thir reulis my counsall is that ye sall # alluterlie absteine from thaise playes, for nather a madde passion for losse, nor falset used to gaine uith, can be callid any playe. nou it is not onlie laufull bot necessaire that ye haue # cumpanie meit for euerie thing ye take in hande, alsuell in youre

ghames & exercises, as in youre graue & earnist affaires, bot learne to distingue tymes according to the occasion choosing youre cumpanie accordinglie: conferre not uith hunteris at youre counsall nor in counsall affaires, nor dispache not affaires at hunting or other ghames, & haue the lyke respect to the seasonis of youre aage, using youre sortis of recreation & cumpanie thair fore agreeing thairunto, for it becummis best (as kyndliest) euerie aage to smell of the auin qualitie, (insolence/ & unlaufull things being alluayes escheuid,) & not that a colte shall drau the pleuch, & ane aulde horse rinne auaye uith the harrouis, bot take heade speciallie that youre cumpanie for recreation be choosed of honest personnis not

defamed or uiciouse, mixing filthie talke uith mirrienes, # (\corrumpunt bonos mores colloquia praua\) , bot speciallie absteine from haunting before youre mariage the ydle cumpanie of damis quhilke are nathing ellis bot (\alliciamenta ueneris\) & abuse not youre self in making youre sporters youre # counsaillouris, speciallie delyte not to keepe ordinairlie in youre cumpanie comoedians or balladins, for the tirans delyted maist in thaime & delyted to make comoedies & tragedies thaime selfis, quhaire upon the ansuere that a philosophe gaue ane of thame thairanents is nou cum in a prouerbe, (\reduc me in

latomias\) , & all the ruse that nero maid of him self quhen he died uas, (\hodie moritur optimus tragoeda\) , as indeid his haill lyfe uas all but ane tragoedie: delyte not also to be in youre awin person a player upon instrumentis, especiallie on sicc as commounlie men uinnis thaire liuing uith, nor yett to be fyne of any mechanike crafte, du bartas sayes (\leur esprit s'enfuit au bout des doigts\) , bot spaire not # quhyles by mirrie cumpanie to free you from importunitie, (for ye soulde be moued uith reason quhilke is the onlie qualitie quhairby men differis from beastis, & not uith importunitie,) for the quhilke cause as also for augmenting youre maiestie ye shall not be sa facill of accesse geuing at all # tymes

as I haue bene, & yett not altogether retired or lokkit up lyke the kings of persia, appointing also certaine houris for publique audience, & sen my truste is that god hes ordained you for ma kingdomes nor this as I haue oft allreaddie, saide prease be the outuairde behauioure alsueill of youre awin personne as of youre courte in all indifferent things to allure peice & peice the rest of youre kingdomes to follou the

facons of that kingdome that ye finde maist ciuill, easiest to be reuled & maist obedient to the lawis, for outuairde & # indifferent things are euer the shaddouis & allurairis to uertu or uyce, bot beuaire of thrauing or constraining thaime thairto, letting it be brocht on uith tyme & at laiser, # speciallie be mixing throuch allyae & daylie conuersation the men of euerie kingdome uith another, as maye uith tyme make thaime to grou & uall all in ane, quhilke maye easilie be done in this yle of brittaine being all bot ane yle, & allreaddie ioined in unitie of religion, & langage: & for conclusion of this my haill treatise, remember my sonne be youre treu & constant depending upon god to procure a blessing to all youre actions in youre office, be youre outuairde using of youre office to testifie the inuarde uprichtnes of youre hairte, & be youre

behauioure in all indifferent things to sett furth the treu shaddou of youre uertuouse disposition, & in respect of the greatnes & uecht of youre burthene, to be patient in hearing,

keeping youre hairt free from praeoccupation caulde in # deliberations, rype in concluding, & constant in youre resolution, for bettir it is to byde at youre resolution althoch thaire uaire sum urong in [{i{]t then [{b{]e daylie [{c{]hainging [{t{]o # effectuate nathing taking youre patrone thairof from the microcosme of youre awin boddie, quhairin ye haue tua eyes, signifeing great forsicht & prouidence uith a narrou looking in all things, & also tua eares signifieing patient hearing & that of baith the pairtees, bot ye haue bot ane toung for pronouncing a plaine, sensible, & uniforme sentence, & but

ane heade & ane hairte for keiping a constant & uniforme resolution according to youre aprehension, hauing tua handis uith many fingers for quike execution, in emploieing all instrumentis meit for effectuating youre deliberations, bot forgette not to digeste euer youre passion before ye determine upon any thing, sen (\ira furor breuis est\) , uttering onlie youre anger according to the apostles reule, (\irascimini sed # ne peccetis\) , taking pleasure not onlie to reuairde, bot aduance the goode (quhilke is a cheif pointe of a kings glorie) bot make nane ouergreate bot according as the pouer of the

cuntrey maye beare, & punishing the euill but euerie man according to his awin offence, not punishing nor blaming the father for the sonne, nor the brother for the brother, mekle lesse generallie to haite a haill race, (\nam omnia delicta # sunt personalia\) , & aboue all lett the measure of youre loue to # euerie ane be according to the measure of his uertu, letting youre fauoure be na longaire bounde to any then the contineuance of his uertuouse disposition sall deserue, not admitting the excuse upon iuste reuenge to procure ouer sicht to ane iniurie, for the first iniurie is comitted againis the # pairtie, bot the pairties reuenging thairof at his awin hande is a urong comitted againes you in usurping youre office, quhomto onlie

the suorde belongis for reuenging of all the iniuries comitted against any of youre people: thus hoaping in the goodenes of god that youre naturall inclination sall haue a happie simpathie uith these praeceptis, making the uyse mannis skoolmaister (quhilke is the exemple of otheris) to be youre teacher, according to that aulde uerse (\foelix quem faciunt aliena pericula cautum\) , escheuing sa the ouer laite # repentance by youre auin experience quhilke is the skoolemaister of

foollis, I uill for ende of all requyre you my sonne as euer ye thinke to deserue my fatherlie blessing, to keepe # continuallie before the eyes of youre mynde the greatnes of youre chairge, making the faithfull & deu dischairge thairof the principall butte ye shoote at in all youre actions, counting it euer the principall & all youre other actions but as # accessories to be emploied as midisis for the furthering of that principall, & being content to lett others excell in other things, lett it be youre cheifest earthlie glorie to excell in

youre awin crafte according to that uorthie sentence of that sublime & heroicall poete uirgill quhairin also my dicton is includit. [^LATIN VERSE OMITTED^] [^FERGUSSON, DAVID. TRACTS BY DAVID FERGUSSON, MINISTER OF DUNFERMLINE, 1563-1572. BANNATYNE CLUB. EDINBURGH 1860. PP. 61.1-80.20^]

[}ANE SERMON PREICHIT BEFOIR THE REGENT AND NOBILITIE, VPON A PART OF THE THIRD CHAPTER OF THE PROPHET MALACHI, IN THE KIRK OF LEITH, AT THE TYME OF THE GENERALL ASSEMBLIE, ON SONDAY THE 13. OF JANNUARIE, ANNO 1571. BE DAUID FERGUSSONE, MINISTER OF THE EUANGELL AT DUNFERMLYNE.}] [}THE TEXT.}] "From the dayis of zour Fatheris, ze ar gone away from myne ordinances. and haue not keipit them: returne vnto me, and I will returne unto zow, saith the Lord of hostes: but ze said, Quhairin sal we returne? "Will a man spoyle his Godis? zit haue ze spoyled me: but ze say, quhairin haue we spoyled thee? In teindis and offeringis. "Ze ar cursed with a curse: for ze haue spoyled me, euin # this whole Natioun. "Bring ze all the Teindis into the stoirhous, that thair # may be meat in myne hous, and proue me now heirwith, saith the Lord of Hostes, if I will not oppin the windowes of heuin vnto zow, and powre zow out a blyssing without measure. "And I will rebuke the deuourer for zour sakes, and he sall # not distroy the frute of zour ground, nether sall zour wine be # barren in the feild, saith the Lord of Hostes. "And all Nationis sall call zow blissed: for ze salbe a # pleasand land, saith the Lord of Hostes.

[}THE ARGVMENT.}] LYKE as the wyse and trustie Medecineris, or the faithfull and trew Chirurgianis, do not luke sa mekle (in ministratioun of thair Phisik, or in applicatioun of thair Salues and # Plaisteris) vnto the present plesure or pane of thair patientis as vnto thair profite, sa intende I this day nouther sa mekle to # auoide or seik ony of thir twa, as to profite the body of Christ (quhilk # is his Kirk) tuiching that maledie and sair, quhilk in my # judgement, at this present maist cheifly vexis and anoyis it: not that I count my self abill or sufficient sa to do, but that being # callit to occupy this place, in trauelling to do it, I may schow my gude will and frelie vtter my mynd in this mater vnto zow all, # according to God's word, leuing the incres to him that wirkis all # thingis to his glorie, and the commoditie of thame that lufe him. And thairfoir that I may the mair commodiously performe my purpois, I haue chosin this Text of Scripture, now red in zour audience, preichit of auld be the Prophet Malachie vnto the # Kirk of God, in the like stait that we now ar in; the principall # partis quhairof ar thir: First, he perswadis them to repentance, with argumentis proper and conuenient to mufe them thairunto. # Secundly, he confutis thair rebellious answeris, & schawis them planely quhairin thay cheifly did offend. Thirdly, he exhortis them maist eirnestlie to amend the faultis that he laid to # thair charge, promysing vnto thame, gif thay do sa, the benedictioun of God and aboundance of all thingis. This is the ground or ordour quhilk our Prophet, I say, obseruis, quhilk also I # purpois presentlie to follow as God of his mercy will minister his graces vnto me.

I. "From the dayis of zour Fatheris, ze ar gone away from myn ordinances, &c." The purpois of our Prophet is, first of all (as I haue # said), to perswade his brethren, the Jewis, to repentance and # conuersioun to God, of quhais grace and mercy onlie it was, that thair # name and natioun was to be found in eirth, vnrutit out and # consumit, as thay ar taucht in the verse precedant. But becaus it is but loste laubour to craue repentance of thame that think not # thameselfis giltie, acknawledges na fault committit, nor estemis that thay haue ony neid of amendement, Thairfoir he dois let thame vnderstand thair estait, and that thay, of all vther men, had maist neid of repentance and amendement of lyfe, becaus thay wer not only transgressouris of Goddis Law thame selfis, but # also, that baith thay, and thair Fatheris befoir thame, had vnto # that day departit from the haly Ordinances & Lawis of the Lord; sa that this was na vncouth or new thing that happinnit vnto # them, but ane inueterat & auld euill quhilk from age to age thay wer inclynit and naturally geuin vnto, in the quhilk thay did euin then still continew; following in that cace thair # progenitouris, quhome thay in thair maneris na les viuely resemblit then gif thay had remanit thame selfis aliue vnto that hour, forasmekle as in them planelie appeirit that same stif-neckitnes and # vncircumcision of hartis and earis, quhairwith thair Fatheris (as sayis the constant Martir Steuin) alway is resistit the haly # Gaist. We se then, Brethren, that the Prophetis purpois is, not only to conuict thame of defectioun from God, but also to let thame vnderstand that it was als natural for thame to rebell aganis God as to be thair fathers' sonnis; for, as we vse to say, thay had it be kynd and coft it not: and zit sa far absent wer thay from acknawledgeing of this, that thay almaist culd neuer be # brocht to grant it, no, not then, quhen it was euin bound, as it wer, on thair backis. Of this we leirne, that lang custome to sinne, is a thing maist pernitious, for it makis that # thing,

quhilk of the self is maist abhominable, to appeir nathing to thame that are hantit thairwith, specially if God defer # punischment ony quhyle, for then beginnis man to flatter him self, to abuse the patience of God, & to wrap him self in that cairles and maist perrillous perswasioun, that God # regairdis not his doings, nor is thairwith sa heichly offendit as the Scripture beiris, and sa procedis to heap sinne vpon sinne vntil the day of wraith, zea, thair of cummis it (as sayis # Salomon) that the hartis of men ar fully set in thame to do euil, becaus sentence aganis ane euill wark is not spedelie execute: for # this caus the Prophet first trauellis to walkin vp thir pepill from # this wickit perswasioun, that his exhortatioun to repentance micht # tak the better effect. Vnto the exhortatioun to repentance, quhairin the Lord # desyris them to returne to him, is addit a promeis, to wit, that he # will returne vnto thame, that thay thairby may be assurit that # thair repentance sall not be vnprofitable; for, as it is but loste # laubour and a vane purpois to perswade men to repent that acknawledgis na fault (as we haue said befoir), sa na les vane is it to exhort to repentance, albeit the sinne wer grantit, quhair # thair is na hope nor assurance of mercy; for quhair na certitude of # forgiuenes is, bot only a bair knawledge and horrour of sinne, the myndis of men ar rather thairby dreuin to desperatioun nor to repentance, as appeiris in Cain, Saull, Ahitophell, Judas, and diueris vtheris. Thairfoir, amangis the chief articklis of our # faith that ar vtterly necessar to be beleuit vnto saluatioun, this # ane amang the rest is countit, namely, to beleue the remissioun of sinnis. Of this place, then, we leirne quhat is richt and trew repentance, to wit, conuersioun vnto God, quhilk as it is the # richt definitioun of repentance, sa seruis it to confute the # conuersioun to creatures, and all the vaine theatricall toyis prescribit # in Papistrie to penitentis, quhairof I mynde not at this present # particularlie

to speik, seing that it is a commoun place continually taucht vnto zow in the Catechisme, and also becaus I purpois # to intreit ane vther mater contenit in this Text mair at lenth. Nouther is it to be pretermittit that the Prophet vpbraidis # the pepil of this tyme with the wickitnes and rebellioun of thair # foirfatheris, quhilk suppois it appeir at the first to be vncurteously & vnjustly done, zit, gif we considder quhat maner of men he had to do with, we sall se that he was justlie mouit sa to do; # for, first, the pepil that he delt with, wer Hypocrites, that # boistit and gloryit of the Richteousnes of thair Fatheris, and vnder the # pretence thairof leuit maist licentiously and wickitly, thinking it aneuch that they wer discendit of haly and verteous Fatheris. Thairfoir he is compellit to lat thame se quhat maner of men thair Fatheris wer, to the end that thay micht the mair # eirnestly prepair them selfis to repentance, quhill thay suld se that # cloik takin away quhilk thay supposit thai had vnder the tytill of # thair foirbearis. And in this sens do not only the Prophetis in the Auld # Testament frequentlie cast the faultis of the Fatheris in the teith of the Jewis, bot also Johne the Baptist, Christ and his # Apostillis, do the same in the New Testament, as in thair sermonis & doctrine euidently appeiris. Secundly, thir pepill followit # the futesteppis of thair Fatheris in doing of euill, or ellis the # prophet wald not haue delt sa rigorously with them; for thocht a # wickit man (as sayis Ezechiell) beget a sone, zit gif he feare and # commit na sic wickitnes, his Fatheris impietie sall not be laid to # his charge; bot gif he follow his Fatheris euill exampill, then # will the Lord visite the iniquitie of the Father vpon the sone. Thairfoir maist justly (say I) ar thir pepils wickit Fatheris castin in thair teith, becaus thay ar found in the lyke # wickitnes. Mairouer, we haue heirof to obserue how vane a thing it is

to boist of our progenitouris, seing that thair ar nane of all # our Fatheris, quhais lyues being straitly examinit, but that thair # salbe found in thame mater aneuch to thair condempnatioun, & also occasioun aneuch to abate that pryde quhilk we ar wount # fulischelie to consaue of thair halynes: it teachis vs also how far furth we may, without danger, follow them that haue passit # befoir vs, to wit, sa far furth as they obey God and His worde; # vtherwayis thair exampill will not serue to excuse vs, becaus the langer that wickitnes continew, and the ma that do commit it, # it is the mair abhominabill in Goddis sicht, and the neirer vnto vengeance. And this mekle being spokin for the first part, lat vs proceid to the secund. II. But ze said, Quhairin sall we returne? &c. Albeit that # thir pepill wer giltie, and had offendit God ma wayis then ane, as # the crymes laid to thair charge be the Prophet in the Chapteris # precedant testifyis, zit becaus he dois specifie na particulare cryme now in this place, thay begyn to quarrell with him according # to thair accustomit maner, and to answer him as thay had done at all vther tymes, demanding quhairin thay suld returne? Na vtherwise nor thay had bene giltles, & had bene rebukit # without a caus. Thairfoir that thay may be na mair dissauit and blindit with sa gros ignorance, the Prophet declairis unto them, that besyde all the rest of thair sinnis, whilk wer mony, thay wer fallin in a new offence (quhilk thair Fatheris, for all thair # wickitnes, neuer attemptit), namelie, sacriledge, in that the outher fraudulently retenit that quhilk was sanctifyit and dedicatit # to God and His worschip, or elis conuertit and turnit the same to vther vsis nor was appointit. Quhairin, albeit thay # monyfauldlie offendit, zit dois the Prophet comprehend all vnder the name of teindis and oblatiounis, becaus thay specially wer # euill payit, and withaldin from Godis Ministeris the Preistis and Leuitis, to quhome the teindis, oblatiounis, and first fruits appertenit be the Law of God, besyde all vther thingis that # the Lord appointit vnto them, asweil for the Sacrifices thair awin

sustentatioun, as for the releif of the pure. And thairfoir # had thay na vther inheritance in Israell, then to defraud them # thairof it was nane vther thing bot to spuilze them of that quhilk God had geuin them as ane heritage for thair seruice, quhairwith # thay seruit Him in the Tabernackle of the Congregatioun, quhairunto thay had als gude richt as ony man in Israell had to his feild # or wynezaird. Notwithstanding the pepill, vnmyndefull of thair dewtie, # efter thair returning out of Babilon, delt sa vnmercyfullie with the pure,and sa nigardlie and fraudulentlie with the Preistis, # that the pure wer compellit to lay thair winezairdis and thair # housis in wed for corne to eit in thair necessitie; and sum also maid bondmen and slaues of thair sonnis and douchteris for money to pay the Kingis tribute; zea, and the Leuites, for laik of # thair portionis, left thair offices, sa that the hous of God was forsakin, as it is written in the buik of Nehemiah. Of this fraude, # negligence, and cauldnes, I dout not bot the pepill had thair excusis, as the pouertie that thay wer brocht to in thair banischment, # the greit expensis maid in re-edefying the towne and Tempill, # togidder with the continuall warris, incursiounis, and hostilitie that thay sustenit of their nichtbouris, to thair greit and # importabill charges; zea, and that the Preistis, to quhome chiefly thir # thingis did belang, wer vnworthie of thame, being negligent in thair # offices and of corrupt conuersatiounis, as appeirit in thair mariages with the Heathen, and familiaritie with thame, to the greit hinderance of the wark of God. Thir excusis, I say, thocht the pepill micht haue pretendit, zit dois the lord admit nane # of them, but maist schairplie rebukis and conuictis tham of the horribill cryme of sacriledge, quhilk also he dois aggrauat be # a comparisoun, quhairin he conferris him self with the Idolis of # the Natiounis, and the ingrate behauiour of Israell to him, with # the obseruance and fidelitie of the Gentiles to thair fals Godis. # "Will

a man (sayis he) spoyle his Godis? Zit ze haue spoylit me:" In this sens also dois the Prophet Jeremie aggrage the # inconstancie and defectioun of thair fatheris from God, in thir wordis:"Go # ze to the Iles of Chittim and behauld, and send vnto Kedar, and tak diligent heid, and se quhidder thair be sic thingis. Hes # ony Natioun changeit thair Godis? quhilk zit are na Godis; bot my pepill haue changeit thair glorie for that quhilk dois na # profite, &c." Sum thinkis that the word 'Godis' signifyis in this place Judgeis or Magistratis, vnto quhome the Lord compairis him # self, ressoning with the pepill efter this sort: What man is sa # schameles or fulehardie that dar be sa bauld as to spoyle his Iudge, King, or Magistrate? quhilk zit ar bot men (suppois, be # ressoun of thair office, I haue communicate my Name to thame, calling them Godis and Children of the maist heich): And zit sa greit is zour monstrous audacitie, that ze dar spuilze me, quhilk am # zour Lord Eternall and only trew God. this interpretatioun is not altogidder to be rejectit, forasmekle as it hes na # inconuenience nor absurditie in it; zit dois the first (in my judgement) # better expres the prophetis mynd, and mekle mair dois aggrauat the pepillis cryme. For was it not a horribill thing to se the # Heathen Idolateris mair deuoit, reuerent, and faithfull to thair Idolis and fals Godis nor the Jewes wer, to him that only is the # verray trew God? And zit sa it was; for as thair is na Natioun sa # barbarous or beistly, that hes not this perswasioun, that thair is a God, sa quhat sa euer thay anis set vp to thame selfis for God, that thay obstinatlie hauld still in reuerence and # estimatioun, vsing nouther fraud nor gyle, nor zit spairing ony expensis # about the thingis that thay haue dedicate to thair honour; bot # Israell, that knew God, or (as the Apostle sayis) rather wer knawin of God, and vnderstude thair dewtie toward him be the reuelatioun of his will, contenit in his word, defraudit him of his # honour, and spuilzet him of the thingis appointit to his worschip. And # becaus

thay wald not be estemit sic men, thay querell still with the Prophet na les proudlie nor thay had done befoir, demanding of him zit anis agane quhat offence was, "Quharin (say thay) haue we spoylit the?" Thairfoir, without ony parable, he planely pronunces thame giltie of sacriledge, in that thay had spuilzeit the Lord in teindis and offeringis. Heirof, then, Brethren, we obserue that God countis him # self spulzeit of that quhilk was withhaldin from the Preistis and Leuitis; not that thair cummis ony vtilitie vnto him thairof # (for "He neidis na thing of ouris, nouther eitis he the flesche nor # drinkis the blude of bullis nor goatis," as sayis the Psalmest), bot # becaus the Lord had ordanit that the Preistis and the Pure suld liue # of the Teindis, and that the first frutis of all things suld be # offerit vnto him, in remembrance that all thingis wer ressauit of him, thairfoir justly callis he the Teindis and Oblatiounis his, # specially being now sanctifyit vnto him, and appointit to his worschip, # of the quhilk also he is spuilzeit, quhensaeuer thai ar with # haldin or applyit to ony vther vse. Nouther culd thir pepill excuse thair fraud be the vnworthynes of the Preistis, for gif thay had # only thairwith bene offendit, doutles thay wald haue eirnestly # socht for reformatioun, quhilk thing thay did not; quhairof it # appeiris that all this abuse procedit of thair awin priuate, # auaritious, and corrupt affectiounis, quhilk maid them in this ane sinne # monyfauldlie to transgres. For, first, thay schew thame selfis to haue bene prophaine and proud contempneris of the grace of God and all externall Religioun, in that thay wer cauld, slaw, and negligent to mak ony coist to mantene those thingis quhairby God seillit vp his presence and habitatioun amang thame. # Secundly, thay manifestly brak Godis Law, quhairin they ar straitly commandit faithfully to pay thir thingis to the # preistis and Leuitis. Thridly, thay wer ingrate and vnthankfull vnto God, in denying vnto him a part of the incres of thair # substance.

of quhome thay had ressauit all. Fourtly, thair auaritious # impietie is euident in this, that thay sufferit the Leuitis, for want of thair leuingis, to fal away from the seruice of God. # Fyftlie, thay wer injust that withheld the wageis from Godis seruandis, that was dew vnto thame for thair laubour, quhairunto also # thay addit inhumanitie and vnmercyfulnes, defrauding the pure of thair sustentatioun appointit vnto thame of God. Bot ane micht thinke, quhat neidis all thir wordis? quha # knawis not that the Teindis and Oblatiounis wer ordanit be God to # sustene the Preistis and Leuitis in the auld Testament, and that thir pepill wer worthely rebukit of the Prophet for withhalding of thame, bot quhat belangis that to vs? I answer, that as we subscriue the Prophetis doctrine, and with him this day # condempne thir pepil, sa gif we wil examine our selfis, we sal find thair schooe (as we vse to say) meit aneuch for our fute, and # our transgressioun in this point to be nathing inferiour vnto # thairis. For, suppois the Leuiticall Preistheid be abrogatit, zit hes # the Lord a Kirk, for quhais edificatioun he hes ordanit # Ministeris, Pastouris, and Teicheris, quha aucht, be the ordinance of # Christ him self, to haue thair rewaird for thair labour; quhairunto # the Apostle, wrytand to the Corinthianis, aggreis, affirming, that # the Lord hes ordanit, that thay quhilk preich the Gospell suld # liue of the Gospell. And, as for the pure, baith Moses and our Master do witnes that we sall neuer want thame, quhome also we are bound to sustene and charitabillie to prouyde for. How cairfullie the Primatiue and first Kirk vnder the Gospell # prouydit for thair Ministeris and the pure, the Actis of the Apostillis and Paulis Epistillis do testifie; quhairin we se euerie Congregatioun not only cairful for thair awin pure, bot also # reddy to releif the necessitie of the pure sanctis that dwellit far # from thame. Thair Ministeris also, with thair families, wer # honorabilly

sustenit in all thingis necessarie, thocht sum of zow haue # spokin in derisioun, that suppois ze be bound to sustene the # Minister. quhat to do haue ze with his wyfe and children? Brethren, for my part, I wald ze had Angelis to zour Ministeris, gif ze wer worthy of thame, or that it wer the will of God; bot seing # that God willis not so, bot that ze salbe seruit be the Ministerie # of men, it behouis zow to tak thame as thay ar, with all thingis # that of necessitie belangis vnto thame, or lawfully dependis on # thame, sic as are wyfes, children, and familie, quhilk not only must # be honestly reulit, and the children haldin vnder obedience with # all honestie (as Paul teichis), bot also must be prouydit for # hospitalitie, quhilk all men knawis requyris baith foirsicht and expensis. Ze se then that the Ministeris of the Primatiue Kirk (that leuit befoir Princes wer Christianes and nurischers of the # Kirk, as it was Prophesyit) wer na beggeris, suppois thay wer no Lordis that aboundit in superfluous welth, as the Papis # Bishoppis did, bot had sufficient, asweill for the necessitie of thair # awin famileis, as for the help of vther Christianes, that now and # then, as occasiounis seruit, repairit to thair housis. Efterward, # quhen the tyme come foirspokin be Dauid, that Kingis and Empreouris and thair Kingdomes suld serue the Lord, and bring giftis vnto him, thay prouydit for the kirk. Not as the Heathen # Idolateris did for thair Preistis, bot as the Eternall God of auld, vnder the Law, prouydit for his Ministeris, to wit, that thay # suld be mantenit with the teindis; sa, following his exampil that # only is wyse, thay ordanit be thair authoritie that the Teindis # sulde serue to the same vse in the tyme of the Gospell, adding also # of thair awin substance diueris vtheris rentis and possessiounis, making thame that taucht thame in the word of God (according to the doctrine of the Apostle) pertakeris of all gudis. Efter this sort, I say, did the godly and christiane # Empreouris

and Kingis prouyde for the Preicheris of the Euangell, the # Scuilis the Pure, the Kirkis, and quhatsaeuer ellis belangit to the # externall worschip and seruice of God, quhairupon all the substance befoir mentionit alwayis was spendit, sa lang outher puritie # of doctrine or the ancient seueritie of disciplin remanit in the visibill Kirk. bot how sone that euer superstitioun enterit in and the disciplin decayit, the Kirk rentis also began to be # mispendit; for sum wer sauld, sum set in few, sum reft be Tyrannis and wickit men, and the remanent wes deuorit be the Locustis that come out of the smoke of the bottomles pit; quhais # impietie albeit God hes reuelit, and banischit, be the preiching of his word, from amang vs; zit is not that substance quhilk abusit restoirit agane to the richt vse, bot als prophanely and # wickitly spendit this day in Scotland as euer it was. Then the same accusatiounis and complaintis that God vsit # of auld, be his Prophet, aganis the Jewes, serue this day aganis thame that ar lyke the Jewes in in transgressioun, zea, thay # serue aganis vs: For this day Christ is spuilzeit amang vs, quhil # that quhilk aucht to mantene the Ministerie of the Kirk and the # Pure is geuin to prophane men, flatteris in Court, Ruffianes and Hyrelingis. The Pure, in the meane tyme, oppressit with # hounger, the Kirkis and Tempilis decaying for laik of Ministeris and vphalding, and the Schuilis vtterlie neglectit and ouersene. # 1. Ar not thir thingis so? Behald the wayis and streitis, and ze # sall se thame (to the greit dishonour of Christ and decay of the # commoun welth) replenischit with beggeris and vnbrydilit zouth, albeit na man amang us, that may not, nor can not sustene # thame selfis, suld be sufferit to laik. Our zouth also aucht to be # nurischit and mantenit at the schuilis, that thairoutof efterward micht spring Preicheris, Counsellouris, Phisiciounis, and all # vther kyndes of leirnit men that we haue neid of. For the Schuillis are the seid of the Kirk and commoun-welth and our Children

ar the hope of the posteritie, quhilk being neglectit, thair # can nathing be luikit for, bot that barbarous ignorance sall # ouerflow all; for suppois God hes wonderously, at this tyme, steirit vp preicheris amang vs, euin quhen darknes and ignorance had the vpperhand, he will not do sa heirefter, seing we haue the # ordinarie meane to prouyde them, quhilk, gif we contempne, in vane sall we luke for extraordinarie prouisioun. Israell was # miraculuslie fed in the wilderness with MANNA, bot how sone thay did eit of the corne of the land of Canaan the MANNA ceissit, nouther had thay it ony moir, bot leuit efterward on the frute # of the ground, ordinarlie labourit with thair handis. I speik to prudent men, that may vnderstand and judge quhat I say. 2. Bot now to speik of zour Tempilis, quhair the word of God suld be preichit and the Sacramentis ministerit, all men seis to quhat miserabill rewyne and decay thay are cum; zea, thay ar sa # prophanit, that in my conscience, gif I had bene brocht vp in Germanie, or in ony vther countrie, quhair Christ is trewly preichit, and all thingis done decently and in ordour, according to # Goddis word, and had hard of that puritie of Religioun that is amang zow, and for the lufe thairof, had takin trauell to visite # this land, and then suld haue sene the foull deformitie and desolatioun # of zour Kirkis and Tempilis, quhilk ar mair like to scheip cottis then the housis of God, I culd not haue judgeit that thair had bene ony feir of God, or richt Religioun, in the maist part of this realme. 3. And as for the Ministers of the word, thay ar vtterly neglectit, and cum in manifest contempt amang zow; ze raill vpon thame at zour pleasure, of thair doctrine (gif # it serue not zour turne, and aggre not with zour appetytis); ze # ar becum impatient; and, to be schort, we ar now maid zour tabill talk, quhome ze mock in zour mirrines, and threatin in zour anger. I am compellit to speik this, thocht I be als plane as plesant, and appeir to zow as the greitest fule of the rest, # to stand

vp heir to vtter that quhilk vther men thinkis; weil, let me # be countit a fule speiking the treuth, I regaird not, nouther may # I spair to speik it, thocht I suld be judgeit, in our awin caus, # to be caryit away with particular affectioun; following heirin # the exampil of our Prophet Malachie, quha (gif credite may be geuin to Hierom) was Ezra the Preist, the stait of quhais tyme, gif we mark his buik diligentlie, properly aggreis with this # prophesie. And zit, thocht he was a preist, he sparit not frely, at the # commandement of God, to rebuik thame that defraudit the preistis of the teindis and oblatiounis appointit vnto thame. This it # is that muifis me, let men judge as thay lyst, to lay out befoir # zour eyis the miserabill estait of the pure Kirk of Scotland, that # thairby ze may be prouokit to pitie it, and to restoir the thingis that injustly ze spuilzie it of, leist the Lord requyre at zour # handis the blude of thame that perische in default of the richt # dispensatioun of thir thingis. I speik not this to prouoke ony priuat man to retene in his hand that quhilk he is bound to pay to the # possessouris of the beneficis, becaus thay may mispend it; no, bot rather exhortis thame faithfully to pry thair dewteis, and # commit the punischment of the abuse to God, that behaldis the doingis of all men, and will rewaird euerie man according to # his warkis; as appeiris in the wordis of the Text quhilk follow:- "Ze ar cursit with a curse: for ze haue spoylit me, euin # this haill Natioun." Becaus thir pepill acknawledgeit, nor felt not the grauitie # of thair sin as thay aucht, the Prophet puttis thame in mynd of the punischement that hidderto thay had sustenit thairfoir, # namely, that thay wer cursit with a curse, signifying that thay wer al maner of wayis miserabill and vnhappy; and quhy? Becaus not a few of thame, bot that haill Natioun, had spuilzeit the Lord. # How miserabill thir pepill wer after thair returning from Babell, # the bukis and prophesies of Ezra, Nehemiah. Haggay, and Zechariah

do witnes, to wit, that thay wer only hatit and inuyit of all the Natiounis adjacent, quha continually socht thair # destructioun, baith be secreit dissaitis and oppin hostilitie, bot also wer oppressit with famine, derth, and scarcitie of all thingis, # quhilk maid thame to complane, grudge, and murmure aganis God, as thocht the cause of thair infelicitie had procedit of him. # Quhairunto the Lord heir answeris, as it wer, in thir wordis: - Ze # complane of zour miserie, bot ze persaue not the cause; I grant that ze ar miserabill, zea, that ze ar cursit and vnhappy ma wayis then ane, bot the caus is zour selfis, that hes spuilzeit me # of that quhilk was dedicat to my honour, and thairfoir ze can not # be blyssit quhyle ze defraud me of that quhilk is myne. That thir pepill wer justly plaguit we all confes, but wald God that we culd considder our awin estait, apply this to our selfis, and # mak our frute thairof: For thocht all menn meruell at the cruell # weiris, vnfruteful seasonnis, strange diseasis, derth, famine, and # vther incommoditeis quhairwith the warld is oppressit, zit thay # considder not, that the maist part of men ar sa inobedient and # vnthankfull vnto God, that thay deserue to be na better intreatit, bot rather worse. And to pas by vther Natiounis, let vs try # our selfis: We profes Religioun, zit ar we barrane of the frutis # thairof: for euin thay thingis, without the quhilk Religioun can not # stand, ar scarce to be found amang vs, sic as ar faith, innocencie, # puritie of lyfe, charitie, and inuocatioun of Goddis name. And as for the Teindis and rentis of the Kirk, the almous of the # Pure, and sic thingis as we ar bound to bestow vpon the mantenance of Goddis honour and richt Religioun (thocht we be prodigall in vther thingis), zit in thame ar we negligent, cald, # fraudulent, gredie, and nigard. For as sumtyme Kingis, Prencis, Lordis, and vther potent men, liberally inrichit the Kirk, sa now be # the contrair all thair is to satiate thair gredynes with the spuilze thairof. Can the warld then luik for ony prosperitie, happynes, tranquillitie, or benedictioun from God, quhyle thay thus # neglect his honour? Na surely, Ze meruel, I dout not, quhy

ze haue not preuailit aganis zone throt-cutteris and vnnaturall murthereris within the Towne and Castell of Edinburgh, specially ze hauing a maist just actioun, being ma in number, and mair vailzeant men, and nathing inferiour to thame in # wisdome, circumspectioun, or ony gude qualiteis outher of body or of mynd. Bot ceis to meruell: for the caus quhy that ze haue # not preuailit aganis thame lang or now, amang mony vther zour sinnis quhair with ze ar defylit, is this, that the spuilze of # the pure is in zour housis; ze inuaid the possessioun of that # quhilk appertenis not vnto zow; and that quhilk our foirbearis gaue # of gude zeill to Goddis honour and the commoun welth of the Kirk, ze spuilze to zour awin priuate vsis without outher ryme or ressoun, nouther will ze be controllit. This, this, I say, is # the cheif caus that nathing prosperis in zour handis: gif # thairfoir ze wald that euer God suld decoir zow with that honour to be his instrumentis to clenge this land from the innocent blude # quhairwith it is pollutit, and the fylthie murthereris quhairwith it is infamit and defylit, clenge then zour handis of all impietie, specially of sacriledge, quhairby ze spuilze the pure, the # schuilis, the Tempilis, and Ministeris of Goddis word, zea, Christ him # self. I grant that our Fatheris, of immoderat zeill (besyde the # Teindis and necessarie rentis of the Kirk), gaue thairunto # superfluously, and mair nor aneuch: Quhat then is to be done? bot that the Preicheris of Goddis word be ressonabillie sustenit, seing # that thair is aneuch and ouer mekle to do it; the schuillis and the pure be weill prouydit as thay aucht; and the Tempilis # honestly and reuerently repairit, that the pepill, without injurie of # wynd or wedder, may sit and heir Goddis word, and participat of his haly Sacramentis. And gif thair restis ony thing vnspendit quhen this is done (as na dout thair wil), in the name of God let it be bestowit on the nixt necessarie affairis of the # commoun welth, and not ony mannis priuate commoditie. Except ze do this, God will not be with zow, nouther can ze haue ony # prosperitie, bot the end of a cummer salbe the beginning of ane vther:

bot gif ze will be obedient to his voice, he will be with zow, # and blys all the warkis of zour handis, as he hes promysit in his worde, quhairof we sall haue better occasioun to speik in the thrid heid of our Text, vnto the quhilk let vs now proceid: # wearie not, I pray zow, suppois the tyme be almaist spendit, for I # sall not be lang. III."Bring ze all the Teindis into the stoirhous, &c." # Efter that the Prophet hes confutit the vnjust querrellingis and # responsis of the pepill, and also had prouit thame criminall, he schawis thame the remedie, and how thay may recouer agane the # benedictioun and fauour of God, to wit, gif thay will deill vprichtly with him in time cumming, quhairunto he maist ernistly # exhortis thame, promysing (gif thay will amend the former faultis) # Goddis blyssingis and fauour in all thingis. "Bring ze (sayis he) all # the Teindis into the stoirhous," or treasure of the Tempill. He # craifis all, that thay may knaw that he will haue nane fraudulently withdraw in as thay wer befoir, quhen for the fassoun thay # gaue a part, as thocht thay had bene zealous of Religioun, and # retenit the rest to satisfie thair auaritious affectiounis. The caus # quhy that the Lord commandis all the teindis faithfully to be geuin without ony fraud, he sayis, that thair may be meit in his hous to sustene the Preistis and the Leuitis that waitit on his # seruice, and that thair may be sufficient also for all vther thingis # that he had appointit in his Law to be done, quhairof we haue spokin at lenth afoir. This is it that the Lord requyris of thir pepill, # and exhortis thame to proue him heirwithall: "Quhidder gif he will not oppin vnto them the wyndois of heuin, &c." Behald, deir Brethren, the bountifulnes and familiaritie of our God toward vs, that this way subjectis his fidelitie to our tryall, # binding him self be promeis to recompance, and that largely, quhatsaeuer # is bestowit on his seruice, thocht he be detter to no man, nor zit hes ony commoditie of our oblatiounis (as we haue said afoir); # for nouther dwellis he in Tempilis maid with handis, nor zit hes # he ony neid that our gudis be spendit on him, bot all the # externall

worschipping is ordanit be him for the nurischement of our # faith, quha be eirthlie thingis mon be taucht peice and peice to # vnderstand heuinly thingis, that thairunto be thame we may led, as it wer, be the land. For vs, then, I say, is the externall # exercise of Religioun, and all the expensis that is maid thairupon # ordanit, and not for him; and zit, notwithstanding, in exhorting vs to # be liberall in that quhilk cummis altogidder to our awin profite, # he speiks als submissiuely as it were a borower making requeist # to a lenner, that wald say, Len me, I pray zow, sic a summe of money or samekle victuall to sic a day, and proue my credite # thairwith, quhidder gif I will not thankfully pay zow agane, and that # with profite. O the meruellous and vnspeikabill cair that the Lord hes ouer vs and our Saluatioun. Bot let vs heir with quhat benefitis he promysis to # recompance thame gif thay will do thair dewtie. First, he promysis to # oppin the windowis of heuin vnto them: He sayis not that He wil # oppin a wyndow, bot, in the plurall number, Wyndowis; signifying, # that he will caus all thingis that thay haue neid of thairoutof to # flow vnto thame in all aboundance. Secundly, that the blyssingis quhilk He will powre out of heuin vpon thame, sall produce and bring furth frute out of the eirth (not simplie to satisfie # thair neid), bot mekle mair, zea, it salbe bezond measure. Thridly, He promysis that not only sall the heuin and the eirth # mutually aggre togidder (as sayis the Prophet Hosea) to produce all # thingis aboundantly vnto thame, bot also quhen thay ar producit he # sall preserue them from all thingis that may hynder thame from cumming to maturitie and perfectioun, quhidder it be noysum beistis or vnseasonabill wedder. Finally, He promysis sa to # deill with thame that the prophane and godles Natiounis salbe # compellit to acknawledge thame for a happy and a blyssit pepill, in quhome Goddis liberall blyssings and benefitis sa sall abound, that the plesandnes, fertilitie, and fruitfulnes of thair land # sall allure all men to lufe it, and to desyre to dwell in it.

Of this we note from quhence cummis aboundance of # victuall, incres of frutis, and all vther prosperitie to man: certanely # not from the elementis abufe, nor from the earth beneth, nor zit # from mannis laubour (for the heuinis, as sayis Jeremie, can giue na schouris, and then of force it mon follow that the earth salbe barrane and mannis laubour loist), from nane of thir thingis # then procedis mannis happynes, bot from God only, in quhais hand is the brydill that moderatis all thingis, quha also (quhen man # is obedient to him) makis all his creaturis to serue him; zea, # the stanis of the feild (as sayis Job) to be in league with him, # and the beistis of the feild to be at peace with him. And be the # contrarie, quhen men ar inobedient to God, thay ar cursit in all that euer thay put thair hand vnto, and all the creaturis of God ar enemies vnto thame; zea, the heuin geuis thame nouther dew nor raine, nor the earth ony frute, mair nor thay wer maid of iron and brasse. Let us then, Brethren, feir God, reuerence and worship him as He hes commandit, and be zealous to mantene his honour with all our poweris and substance, and sa sal he prosper our interprysis to his glorie and our comfort; bot # gif we be disobedient to him, cairles and negligent of his honour, his plagues can not depart from vs, for he will honour thame # that honour him, and powre contempt vpon thame that lichtly him. Langer at this present, seing that the tyme faillis me, I # will not hald zow, bot beseikis zow all, and principallie zow maist Nobill and Worthie personages, to prent thir thingis in zour myndis to zour profite; to suffer the wordis of exhortatioun patiently, and tak in gude worth that quhilk is spokin, albeit # it haue bene sumquhat rudely and schairply vtterit, considdering that it procedit from the hart of him that luifis and fauouris # baith zow and zour caus; remembring the saying of Salomon, oppin rebuke is better than secreit lufe, and the woundis of a lufer # mair

faithfull then the kissis of ane enemie, thocht thay be # plesant. God grant that the wordis quhilk ze haue hard with zour outward eiris may be sa fixit in zour hartis, that the frute thairof may heir efter appeir to the glorie of God, and the commoditie of his Kirk, quhilk he hes redemit to him self be the precious blude of his only and weilbelouit Sone Jesus Christ our Lord and only Sauiour, to quhome, with the Father and the Haly Gaist, be perpetual praise, glorie, and honor, baith now and # for euer. Amen. This Sermon was presentit to the Kirk, red and approuit be the persounis vnderwrittin, appointit thairunto be the # Assemblie haldin at Perth 6. Augusti. Anno. 1572. J. SANCTANDROIS. JHONE ERSKYN. M.JHONE WYNRAM. WILLIAME CRYSTESONE M.of Dundie. JOHN KNOX, with my dead hand but glaid heart, praising God that of his mercy he leuis suche light to his Kirk in this desolatioun. [^BRUCE, ROBERT. SERMONS VPON THE SACRAMENT OF THE LORD'S SUPPER: PREACHED IN THE KIRK OF EDINBVRGH BE MR. ROBERT BRVCE, MINISTER OF CHRISTES EUANGEL THERE: AT THE TIME OF THE CELEBRATION OF THE SUPPER, AS THEY WERE RECEAUED FROM HIS MOUTH. EDINBURGH, PRINTED BY ROBERT WALDEGRAUE, PRINTER TO THE KINGS MAIESTIE, 1590. PP. 1.1 - 30.11 (THE FOVRT SERMON; OUR PAGE NUMBERS)^]

[}THE FOVRT SERMON, VPON THE PREPARATION (^TO THE LORDIS SUPPER, PREACHED THE^) 22. DAY OF FEB. 1589. 1 COR. 11. 28.}] (^Let euery man therefore examine himself. and so let him eate of that breade, and drink of that cup, &c.^) Svppose the doctrine of our tryal and due examination, (welbeloued in Christ Iesus) ought to go before the doctrine & receauing of the Sacrament: zit notwithstanding, seing that preparation is alwayes, at all tymes, aswell necessare for the hering of the simple word as for the receauing of the visible sacrament. (For no man can heare the word of God frutfully, except in som measure hee prepare his saule, and prepare the eare of his heart how to hear.) Therefore, the doctrine of preparation &

dew examination mann come in the awn place, and be very necessare for euery ane of zou. The Apostle in the wordes that wee haue redd, interponis his counsaile, and giues his aduice: and not only giues his aduise, bot giues his admonition and command, that we suld not come to the Table of the Lord, that we suld not cum to the hearing of the worde rashlie; but that euerie ane of vs, suld come to this holy work with reuerence, that we sulde prepare, and sanctifie our selues in some measure: and seing we go vnto the King of heauens Table, it becomes vs to put on our best aray: and in ane word, he takis vp the haill doctrine & matter of this preparation, quhill as he sayis, Let euery man, and let euery woman trye and examine them selues; as gif he would say: let euery ane of zou trye and examine zour saules, that is, try the estait of zour awin hart, and condition of zour awne conscience. Look and beholde in quhat estaite zour hart is with God, and in what estate zour conscience is with zour neighbour. He bids not zour neighbour try zou, hee bids not zour companion try zour hart: but he bids zour selfe in person, try zour

awin conscience, hee bidds zour self trye zour awin hart, by reason nane ca~ be certaine of the estait of zour hart, or of the co~dition of zour co~science, but zour self. Now he secludis not vthers from the triall of zou neither, (for it is leisum to the Pastour to try zou) but others can nocht try zou sa narrowlie, as ze zour self can. For na man can know sa mekill of me, as I knaw of my self: na man can be certain of the estait of zour heart, and condition of zour conscience, and zit ze zour selfis may be certaine of it. As to others, men may judge of zour heart and conscience, according to zour works and effects, and except zour workes and effectes, be very wicked, and altogether vitious; wee are bound in our conscience, to judge charitablie of zour hart & conscience. Therefore there is nane sa meet to try the spirite of a man, to try the harte or conscience of a man, as is the man himselfe. Nowe that this tryall may goe on the better fauoredlie, ze haue first to vnderstand, quhat it is that ze suld try, quhat zee call a conscience, quhilk the Apostle commandes zou to trye. Secondly, zee haue to wey and considder, for what reasons

and causes suld zee try zour conscience. Thridly, and last of all, zee haue to see in what chief points, ze suld trye and examine zour conscience. Then, that we speake not to zou of things vnknawne, it is necessare for euerye ane of zou (seeing there is nane of zou that lakes a conscience) to vnderstand what a conscience is; and so nearely as God shall giue mee the grace, I will bring zou to the vnderstanding and knawledge of a conscience. I call a conscience, a certain feeling in the hart, resembling the judgement of the liuing God, following vpon ane deede done be vs, flowing from ane knawledge in the minde, accompanied with ane certaine motion of the hart, to wit, feare or joy, trembling or rejoysing. Nowe wee shall examine the parts of this definition. I call it first of all, ane certaine feeling in the hart: for the Lord hes left sic a stamp in the hart of euery man, that he doeth not that turne so secretlie, nor so quietly but hee makes his owne heart to strike him, and to smite him: hee makes him to feill in his owne hart, whether hee hes doone weill or ill. The Lorde hes placed this feeling in the hart; quhy? becaus the

eyes of God lookes not sa mekill vpon the outward countenance and exteriour behauiour, as vpon the inward hart. For he saith to SAMVEL, in his first book, 16. 7. verse, The Lord behaldes the hart. Siclike 1 CHRON. 28. 9. hee saieth to SALOMON: The Lord searcheth all harts, & vnderstandes al imaginations of thoughts. Also IEREMIE, 11. 20. says, the Lorde tryes the reines and the hart. And the Apostle, 1. COR. 4. 5. he sayes, The Lorde shall lighten things that are hid in darknesse, and make the counsels of the hart manifest. Sa, in respect the Lorde makes him chieflie, to haif to do with the harte; therefore in the harte he places this feeling, quhilk is the chiefe parte of conscience. I say nixt, that this feeling resembles the judgement of God; for this feeling was left and placed in our saule, for this end & purpose, that we might haue an domesticke and familiar judgement within our selfes, to subscriue and resemble the secreete and inuisible judgement of the high God; a particular judgement to go before that generall judgement, in that generall and great day, quhere euerie man sall bee justified or damned, according

to the particular judgement, that is within his awne conscience. In the meane time, this conscience is left in vs, to make out our haill proces in this life, to halde in the trauels of the liuing God, as it were, in that last judgement. For the bookes of our owne conscience in that last day salbe opened, and euerye man sall receaue according to the report of the decreet, that is within his awne conscience; therefore I say, that our conscience resembles the judgment of God. The third thing that I say, is this; It follows vpon an deed doon be vs, our conscience, nor our heart strykes vs not, before the deede be done. Our hart strikes vs not before the euill turne be committed: na, it goes not before the deede, but the straik of the conscience, and feeling of the heart, followis immediatly vpon the deed, in sick sorte, that the deede is not so soone doone be thee, but thy conscience applyis it to thy selfe, and giues out the sentence against thy selfe. Therefore I saye, it is a feeling following vpon ane deede done be vs. And nixt I saye, flowing fra ane knawledge in the minde, for except the conscience haue information,

and except the hart knaw that the turne quhilk is done is euil, the hart, nor the conscience, can neuer count it to bee euill. Therefore knawledge must go before the straik of the conscience. Thy hart can neuer feele that to be euil quhilk thy mynde knawis not to be euill. So knawledge must euer go before feeling, & according to the mesure of thy knawledge, according to the nature and qualitie of thy knawledge, accordinglie sall the testimonie and straik of thy conscience be. For a light knawledge, a doubting and vncertaine knawledge, makis ane light & small straik: as in the other part, ane haly and a solide knawledge drawin out of the worde of God, makis ane heauie straike of the conscience: Sa the conscience mann answere to the knawledge. If wee haue na other knawledge, but the knawledge quhilk we haue by nature, & be the light and spoonkes that are left in nature, our conscience will answere na farder, but to that knowledge. But if beside the light of nature, we haue a knawledge of God in his worde, and a knawledge of God by his holie spirit working in our harts, our conscience then will go

farder, & excuse, or accuse vs; according to the light that is in the worde: Sa that the conscience is not acquired or obteined, at quhat time wee are enlightened bee the working of the halie Spirite, and hearing of the worde of God; but our conscience is borne with vs, is natural to vs, & is left in the saule of euery man & woman: and as there are some spunkes of light left in nature; sa there is an conscience left in it. And gif there were na mair, that same light that is lefte in thy nature, sal be aneugh to condemne thee. Sa the conscience is not aquired, gotten or begun at the hearing of the worde, or at that time quhen we begin to reforme our selfes, be the assistance and renewing of the halie Spirite: bot euerie man bee nature hes a conscience, and the Lorde hes left it in our nature: and except that this conscience bee reformed according to the worde of God, that same naturall conscience sall be aneugh to condemne thee eternallie. Therefore I say, flowing from a knawledge of the minde. Last of all, I saye, accompanied with a certaine motion of the hart: and we expresse this motion, in feare or joy, trembling or rejoicing.

In very great feare gif the deed be exceeding heynous, and the straik of the conscience be very heauie; Than the conscience takis neuer rest, for guiltines mann euer dreed. Bot gif the deede bee honeste, godlie, and commendable, it makis a blyth hart, and makis the harte to burst out in joy. Sa to be short in this matter, (for I purpose not to make ane common place of it) ze see that in euery conscience there mann bee twa thinges: First, there mann be ane knawledge, and nixt there mann be ane feeling, quherby according to thy knawledge, thou applyis to thy awin hart the deede doone be thee. Sa that, according as the word it selfe testifyes, it ryses of twa partis, it ryses of knawledge, according to the quhilke it is called science: and it ryses of feeling, according to the quhilk the CON is put to, & it is called conscience. Then the woorde Conscience signifyes knawledge with application. This conscience the Lord hes appointed, to serue in the saull of man, for manie vses: to wit, he hes appointed euerie ane of zour consciencis to be ane keeper a waiter-on, and a careful attender, vpon

euerie action doone by zou; so that that action can not be so secreetlie, so quietly, nor so thifteously convoied, but nil thou, will thou, thy conscience sall beare ane testimonie of it: thy conscience sall bee ane faithfull obseruer of it, and a day sal be ane faithful recorder of that same action: So the Lord hes appointed thy co~science to this office, that it attends and waits vpo~ thee in all thy actions, na thing can slip it. Sicklike the Lord hes appointed # [^IN ORIGINAL appoin-^] thy conscience and placed it in thy saull, to bee ane accuser of thee: so that quhen thou dois ane euill turne, thou hes ane domestick accuser within thy awin saull to finde faulte with it. Hee hes also placed it in thy saull, to beare ane true and steadfast witnes against thee: zea, the testimony of the conscience resembles not onlie a testimonye or witnes, but the conscience is als good, as ten thousande witnessis. The conscience also is lefte in the saull, to do the parte of ane judge against thee, to giue out sentence against thee, and to condemne thee; and so it dois: for our particular judgement mann ga before the generall and vniuersall judgeme~t of the Lord, at that great day.

And quhat mair? He hes left thy conscience within thee, to put thy awin sentence in execution against thy selfe: This is terrible: he hes left it within thee to be ane verye torture, and burriour to thy selfe: and sa to put thy awin sentence in executioun vpon thy selfe. Is not this an matter mair nor woonderfull, that ane and the selfe same conscience, sall serue to sa manie vses in ane saule, as to be ane continuall obseruer, and marker of thy actions: ane accuser, ten thousande witnessis, a judge, and a burriour and tormentour, to execute thy awin sentence against thy self. Sa that the Lord misters neuer to seeke a member of court out of thy awin saule, to make out a lawful proces against thee: but thou sall haue all thir within thy selfe, to make out a full proces against thy selfe. Take heede to this, for there is neuer a word of this that sall fall to the ground, bot ather zee sall feill it to zour weill, or to zour euerlasting woe. And this secreet and particuler judgement, that euery ane of zou caries about with zou; bydis sa sure and sa fast within zou, that doe quhat ze cann, gif ze wald imploy zour hail trauellis, to

blot it out, thou sall neuer get it scraped out of thy saull: gif ze were als malitious and were become als wicked, as euer anie incarnate Deuill was vpon the earth, ze sall neuer get this conscience altogeather scraped out of zour saull: But nill thou, will thou, there sall als mekill remaine of it, as sal make thee inexcusable in the great daye of the generall judgement. I graunt thou maye blot out all knawledge out of thy minde, and make thy selfe to becom als blinde as a modewart: I grant also, that thou may harden thy hart sa, that thou wil blot out all feeling out of it, sa that thy conscience will not accuse thee, nor finde faulte with thee, but thou sall haue ane delite in ill dooing, without a remorse: but I denye that ony gree of wickednes in the earth, sall bring thee to that pointe, that thou may doe euill without feare: but ay the mair that thou dois euill, and the langer that thou continewis in euill dooing, thy feare sall be the greater: zea, in despyte of the deuill, and in despite of all the malice of the hart of man, that feare sall remaine: And suppose they walde baith conspire together, it sall not be able to

them to banish that feare, but that gnawing of the conscience sal euer remaine: to testifie to thee, that there is ane day of judgement: I graunt also, that there sall be ane vicissitude, and that feare sall not alwaies remaine, but sall be some times turned ouer in security: Nather sall that security alwayes byde, but sall bee turned ouer again in feare: sa that it is not possible to get this feare hailelie scraped out, but the greater that the security be, the greater sall thy feare be, quhen thou are walkened. I grant thirdlie, that this feare sall be blind; for fra time a man by euill doing, hes banished knowledge out of the minde, and feeling out of the hart quhat can remaine there, bot a blinde feare. Quhen men hes put out all light, and lefte nathing in thair nature, but darknes; there can nathing remaine, but a blind feare: So I graunt, that the feare is blinde, for nather knawe they quhairfra the feare commis, quhat progres it hes, quhereunto it tendes, quhere, nor quhen it sall ende. Therefore they that are this way misseled vp in thair saull, of all men in the earth they are maist miserable: for als long as thou may keepe in

thy minde, a spoonke of this knawledge and spirituall light, in the quhilk, thou may see the face of God in Christ, quherin thou maye see, ane out-gaite in the death and passion of Christ, and quherein thou may see, the bowellis of mercye offered in the bloode of Christ; gif thou haue any spoonke of this light (albeit it were neuer so little) to direct thee: And albeit this knawledge, were neuer sa euill wounded, zit there is mercie aneugh for thee in Christ. But gif thou close vp all the windowes of thy saull, & of thy hart, & make them to become palpable darknes, that thou nather knawe, quhairfra the terrour comes, nor zit seeis onye out-gaite; that is the miserie of all miseries. Wee haue mony things to lament, we haue the estait of this Countrey to lament; they are not present, to quhom to this doctrine speciallie appertains; Alwayis there is nane of zou, but zee haue to take heed to zour consciences now, quhill laiser is giuen zou, that zee bannish not altogither this light, quhilk is zit offered to zou, and quhereof, some spoonks zit remaines. For I see, the maist pairt of our

great men of this countrey, ru~ning headlongs, to banish the spoonke of light that is in thame; and they will not rest, sa lang as there is a spoonke of it left, quhil it be vtterlie bannished; and quhen they haue done sa, alas quhat can folow, but a blind and terrible feare in their conscience, quhilk they can neuer get scraped out. A feare without an outgait, a feare to grow and not to decay, a feare to deuour tham halelie at the last. Therefore, euery ane of zou, take heed to this light that is within zou, take heed that the foul affections of zour hearts, drawe not zour bodies efter thame; see at the least, that these affections bannish not this light, and sa lang as the Lord offers to zou this light; in time craue, that of his mercy, he wald giue zou that grace to imbrace it, to take vp a new course, & zit to amend zour liues, quhill zee haue time. The bodie sall leaue the saull, and the saull sall leaue the bodie; but the conscience sall neuer leaue the saull; but looke quhereuer the saul gais, to the same place sall the conscience repair; and looke in quhat estait, thy co~science is quhen thou dies; in the same estait, sal it meet thee in

that great day. Sa that, gif thy conscience was a burriour to thee, in the time of thy death, gif thou gat it not pacified, in the time of thy death, it sall be a burriour to torment thee in that general iudgement. Therefore, this matter wald be weill weyed, and euerie ane of zou, suld studie to haue a good conscience; that quhen the saul is seuered fra the bodie, leauing zour conscience at rest and peace with God, it may bee restored to zou, and meet zou againe, with als great peace and quietnes. This far concerning conscience; quhat it is. I pray the liuing Lorde, sa to sanctifie zour memories, that zee may keepe thir things, and that euery ane of thir things, may sa sticke with zou in some measure, that to the ende of zour life, zee may remember vpon thame. The second thing that wee haue to speake off, is this; we haue to try & consider, wherfore we suld examin our conscience; for what causes suld a man or woma~ bee mooued to try thair awin conscience and saull: I sall take vp the reasons shortlie. It becomes euery ane of zou, to trie zour conscience; quhy? Because the Lord will make his residence in na vther pairt

of the saull, but in the conscience: he hes appointed his dwelling to be in the hart of man, and into the will and conscience of man: and, therefore, it becomes zou, to make his dwelling place cleane, and to take heede to zour heart. Nixt, suppose the Lorde of heauen made not residence there; zit, in respect the eie of God is ane all-seeing eie, and able to pearce thorow the very thicknes of the flesh of man, how darke and grosse soeuer it be, & to pearce thorow the very secret hirnes of thy conscience (for vnto the al-seeing eie of God, the maist secreet hirne of the conscience, is als patent, cleare and manifest; as onie outwarde, or bodilie thing in the earth can bee to the outward eie of the bodie.) In respect therefore, that his eie is sa percing, and that he casts his eie onely vpon our heart; it becomes vs to try our harts. Thirdly, he is the Lord of the conscience; There is not a Monarch of the earth, that hes ony soueranitie or lordship ouer the conscience; onely the God of heauen, onlie Christ Iesus, King of heauen & earth, is Lord of the conscience; hee hes power onely to saue and tine; Therefore, quhen thou dresses thee to this Lords Table; becomes

it thee not to looke vpon thy conscience, to trie thy conscience, and to examine the estait of it? Last of all, quhilk is ane of my chiefest reasons; it becomes thee to trie and examine thy conscience; quhy? Because the welfare and health of thy saull, dependes vpon thy conscience; gif thy conscience that is within thy saull be weil, gif it be at peace and rest, thy saul is weill; gif thy conscience be in an good estait, thy saull mann bee in ane good estait; gif thy conscience be in good helth; of necessitie, thy saull mann bee in good health: For the good health and weill of the saull, depends vpon ane good conscience: Therefore it becomes euerie ane of zou, to try weill zour conscience. There is not a law that ever was set down or deuised; but of all the lawes that euer was made, it is leifsom to vs, to haue a care of our health, it is leifsome to vs, to seeke sic things as may procure our helth, preserue & entertain our helth; Now, subsume: but the helth of thy saull, stands in the health of thy conscience, & in preseruing thereof: Therefore, be al laws, thou aught to attend to thy conscience; gif thou keep thy conscience weill, thy saul is in health; and

gif thy saul be in health; lat troubles com quhat wil vpon the bodie, thou wilt bear thame out all: But gif thy saull be diseased, & gif that dwining siknes occupy thy saull, quhilk ane euill conscience brings on, thou salt not be able to beare out the least trouble, that can come vpon the bodie: quhere as, gif the conscience were at rest, & in good health; that trouble could not light vpon thy bodie, but the strength of ane good conscience, suld beare it out. Then haue zee not reason, and mair nor reasoun, to take tent to zour conscience, to examine and trye zour conscience, in quhat estait and disposition it is. Now, because it is ane sauourles jest to tell zou, that health is necessare, and not to open vp the way, how this health may be acquired, preserued, and intertained, Therefore, to keepe zour conscience in quietnes, and in good health; I sall giue zou thir few lessons. First of all tak heed, that ze kepe fast, a perswasion of the mercie of God in Christ Iesus; examin quhen thou lies down, and examin quhen thou rises vppe, in quhat estait thou art with God; quhither thou may looke surely for mercie at his hand or not: art thou perswaded

of mercie; assure thy self, thy conscience is at ane good point, thou hes health in thy saul, for be keeping of faith the conscience is preserued, as sayis the Apostle, 1 TIMOTH. 1. 19. Keep this perswasion, halde it haill and sound, hurt it not, bring not thy saul in doubting sa far as thou may, stay not, nor hinder not thy perswasion, gif thou walde keepe health in thy saull: for gif thou doubt, or in onye wayes diminish thy persuasion, and assurance, assuredlye thy assurance cannot so sone be hindered, nor diminished; bot in that same article of time, sall follow, the diminishing of the health of thy saull: Zea, it cannot be, but in that same article of time, followes the hurt of thy conscience, for faith will not dwell, bot in ane haill conscience. Thairfore in quhat article of tyme thou dois against thy conscience, in that same article of time thou loses ane gree of thy perswasion of the mercy of God: and vnto the time that thou fall downe at the feete of Christ, & obtein mercy for that ill deed, purchase peace at his handes, to repaire thy perswasion; thou sall euer doubte of mercie, and want healthe in thy conscience.

Then this is the first lesson, to keep health in zour saulles, look and see, that ze be perswaded of mercy. The second lessoun to keepe a good conscience, or to keepe health in thy saul is this: Zee mann flee, eschewe, and forbeare quhatsoeuer may trouble the helth of zour saull, quhatsoeuer may trouble the quietnes & peaceable estait of zour conscience: Cast it out, forbeare it, and eschewe it. This generall is good: but quhat is it, lat see, that troubles the quiet estait of the conscience? Nathing in the warld but sinne, nathing in the earth, but ane euill nature: Therefore, wee mann of force, to keepe health in our saulle; forbeare and eschew sinne, we mann flee sin, and rid our hand of it. It is not possible, that zee can baith keepe a good conscience, and serue the affections of zour heart: and therefore, to keepe peace and health in thy saull; thou mann bidd thy lustes goodnight: thou mann renounce the lusts and affections of thy heart, and thou mann not doe, as thou was woont to doe: thou mann not be giuen to the seruice of thine affections, and of thine appetite, to put thame in executioun as

thou woont to doe: but in case, thine affection or lust, commaund thee to doe onie thing; quhat is thy part? Thou mann try, howe farre this may stande with the good will of God, and how far that affection quhilk commands thee, may agree with the law of God. Is there sic an harmony, that that, quhilk thine affectioun commaunds thee, may stand with Gods law and halie will? Na question, it is ane sanctified affection; thou may put it in execution. But efter this triall, gif thou find thine affection to be exorbitant, and out of rule, carrying the plat fra God, and agains his lawe: Beware of it, resist it: beware, that thou put not the will of it in executioun. Or vtherwayis, gif thou fulfill the will of that affectioun ane hour, quhat pleasure can that bring with it? It may weill bring with it, a flattering pleasure in the entrie: but it closes euer with a bitter remorse in the ende. Then to eschew this bitter remorse, suld zee not all trie zour affections? Zee mann examine and try tham, be the square of Gods law, ze mann see, how far they agree with his law, or how far they disassent from it: and in sa far as, they disassent fra that law: lat

euery man denie himselfe, renounce his affections; and swa, this triall being tane this way be thy selfe, it sanctifies thine affections, makes Christ to ludge in thy saull, makes thy conscience to be at rest, and the halie spirit this way, maks baith bodie and saull, to be in good health, and to reioyce. Then flie fra sin: This is the second lesson. The thrid lesson is this, Studie to doe well: Walde thou keepe healthe in thy saull; studie to do better and better continuallie: At least, haue a purpose in thy saull and hart, to take vp a better course dailie. Quhilk is the last lesson? Seeing that quhen wee studie to doe best, and that the iust man, that is, the maist halie man, fallis sa oft in the daye, as seauen tymes in the daye: zea rather, seuentye tymes seauen tymes, quhat is thy parte in thir slippes, and snappers? Suppose thou fall, as thou can not eschew to fall, ly not still there: sleep not there quhere thou hes fallen: It is a shame to sleepe there, therefore, ryse againe: And how sould thou ryse? Be lifting vp thy saull, and running to the fountaine of grace & mercie: bee running to Christ Iesus to

seeke mercie for thy fall, and to craue that hee wald send out of him selfe that measure of peace, that may put thy conscience at reste; and restore thy saull to health. Swa, lye not quhere thou falles, but incontinent ryse, and craue mercie: and in obteining of mercie, thou sall repair thy fall, thou sall amend thy life by repentance; and be repentance thou sall get peace: thou sall haue thy conscience at reste, and get healthe to thy saull. Nowe keepe this rule, gif thou waulde keepe thy saull in helth: Look that thou sleep not in sinne as Dauid did: Lye not still quhen thou art fallen, and sa fall out of ane sinne, to an other: As fra adulterie to murther, fra murther to the nixt. As commonlie, gif a man sleepis in sinne, and rysis not in time, ane sinne wil draw on another: for there is neuer a sin the alane: but ay the mair greate and heinous that the sinne be, it hes the greater and war sinnes following on it. Therfore, quhen zee fall, delay not to rise: but run to the fountaine of mercie, and seeke grace in time. Run to prayer, run to the Kirke of God, quhereuer it bee, quhither it be in the feild, or in the towne. Run to

Christ Iesus, & craue mercie at him, that ze may haue peace in zour consciences: and swa be thir means, euery ane of zou, sall keepe health in zour saules: bee thir meanes zee sall learne, quhat difference is betwixt this liuing word of mercie and grace, quhilk sounds in our religion, and that slaying letter, that slayis the saull of euerie ane that heares it: I meane that Idolatrous doctrine of that dumb Messe. I cast in this vnto zou, because I see, that our haill zouth (for the maist pairt) are giuen to it; and the Lord is beginnand to abstract his mercie and grace from this Countrey, for the contempt of this quikning worde, quhilk hes sa clearlie sounded heare, and quhilk our Noble men, for the greatest part, running headlong to the Deuil, in a dumb guise, traueils vtterlie to bannish. Is not this a miserable thing, that neuer ane of zou, hes eies to consider and discerne, vpon the time of peace, mercye and grace; quhilk is sa abundantly offered? The Lord of his mercie, giue zou eies in time. This far, concerning the reasons, quherefore, euerie ane of zou suld try, and examin zour awn consciences: And this triall, aught not

to be for a day, or for a zear: but it aught to bee euery day, and euery zeare of thy haill lifetime. For that conscience, that suld rest for euer, with the liuing GOD, that conscience, quhilk mann euer looke vpon the face of the Sonn of God: It can not be ouer wel scowred, we cannot look ouer narrowly to it: the mair curious we be in searching out of this conscience, we are the better occupied: I speake of our awn conscience, I speak not of our neighbours. I ga to the third, And I come to the points quhairintill, euerie an of zou, suld trie and examine zour selfis. I giue zou twa points; quhairintil, euery ane of zou aught to try and examine zour consciences. Try thy conscience first in this point; quhither thou be at peace with God, quha is the Lorde of heauen, or not: Nixt, trie thy conscience in this point: quhither thou be in loue & amitie with thy neighbour, or not. Wald thou knaw, quhither thy conscience, bee at vnitie and peace with God, or not? thou sall knawe it this way. The God of heauen, hee cann haue na societie, nor can keepe na companie with that saull, quhilk is alwayis vnclean,

that is euery way defiled: na, he cannot. Now I speake not sa precisely, that I mak a saull to be fullie sanctified, and perfectlie halie in this life. Na, in this life, there is wonderful iniquities, grosse sinnes, and great faults, quherewith, euen the righteous ar defiled: But this is my meaning; There is na saull, cann bee at peace with God, or quherewith the Lorde can haue ony societie, but in some measure, it man be sanctified, and made halie: for GOD cannot make residence in a saull, that is a stincking midding alway: and therefore, on force, in some measure it man be sanctified; there mann be sa meekle made cleane, in ane nuke or vther of that saule, quherein the Lord of heauen, be his halie spirit may make his residence. Nowe lat see, quhereby is the saule sanctified? PETER Acts 15. 9. sayis, that the saull of man is purified be faith; that the heart of man is purged bee faith. Sa faith opins and purges the heart: bee faith in Christ Iesus, and in the merites of his blood, we haue peace with God. Being iustified be faith, wee haue peace towards God, thorough our Lord Iesus Christ, sayis the Apostle, ROM. 5. 1. Nowe comes in this

point, ze haue to proue zour selfs, quhither zee bee in the faith or not, as the Apostle sayis. 2 COR. 13. 5. Trie and see, quhither zee haue faith in Christ or not. Examine, gif zour saull be seasoned with this faith: for gif zee haue not faith in Christ; Christ is not in zou: and gif Christ be not in zou, zee are in ane euil estait, ze are in the estait of the reprobat and damned. Sa, euery ane aught to looke carefullie, and see, gif hee hes a beliefe in the blood of Christ or not: quhither hee beleeues to get mercie be his merites, and sanctificatioun be his blood, or not: For gif thou haue na measure of this fayth, thou hes na measure of peace with God: Be reason, our peace with God, is ingendered, and grows daily mair and mair be true faith in Christ. Now this faith, quher it is true, quhere it is liuelie, and couples the heart with God, as I haue spoken; it mann breake out in worde and deed: It cannot be halden in, but it mann breake out. It mann breake out in word, in glorifiyng the God of heauen, quha hes forgiuen vs our sins: It mann breake out in word, be giuing a notable confession of they sinnes, quherein we haue offended

him. It mann breake out in deed, in doing good workes, to testifie to the warld that thing, quhilk is within thy heart: to testifie to the warld, that thou, quha hes this faith, art ane new man; that bee thy good example of life and conuersatioun, thou may edifie thy brethren, the simple anis of the Kirke of GOD: and that bee thine halie life, thou may draw sinners to repentaunce, that they seeing thy light, they may bee compelled to glorifie God in thee. Then in the first point of triall, lat vs looke to thir three; to the heart, to the mouth, and to the hand: Take heed, that there be ane harmonie, betwixt thir three, and that they all sing ane sang: for gif the heart, bee inwardly coupled with God; there is na doubt, but the mouth wil outwardly glorifie him: and gif thine hart and mouth be renewed, and be ane: of necessitie, thou mann vtter this, in thy conuersatioun: There mann bee agreement betwixt the hart, and the hand: thy conuersation mann be changed with the heart, and be halie, honest, and godly, as the heart is: Swa that, gif thy conuersasion be good; it is a sure taken, that thou art at ane with God: but gif thy conuersation

be not good; let men speake quhat they wil, the hart is but defiled: this true and liuely faith, hes na place in it. Then will thou speare, quhen art thou at ane with God? Quhen thy conuersatioun, thine hart, and thine mouth sayis all ane thing; then na questioun, thou hes the warke of fayth, wrought be the halie Spirit in thy heart, quhilk makes thee to bee at peace with God. This is the first point, quherein zee suld trie zour selfs. [^A SERMON PREACHED BY MR JAMES ROW, SOMETIME MINISTER AT STROWAN, IN ST GEILLIE'S KIRK AT EDINBURGH, WHICH HAS BEEN COMMONLY KNOWN BY THE NAME OF POCKMANTY PREACHING. EDINBURGH 1746. PP. 3-12.^]

[}A SERMON.}] (^Jer. xxx, 17. For I will restore Health to thee, and I will heal thee of thy Wounds, saith the Lord, because they called thee an Out-cast, saying, This is ZION whom no man seeketh after.^) I need not to trouble you much who is meant by Zion here; ye a' ken it; its the puir Kirk of Scotland; for the Kirk of Scotland is wounded in her head, in her Hands, in her Feet, and in her Heart. First, In her Head, in the Government. Secondly, In her Hands, in the Discipline. Thridly, In her Heart, as in the Doctrine. Fourthly, in her Feet, as in the Worship. First, the Kirk of scotland is wounded in her head. She has gotten sic a clash in her Head, as has gart all her Harns jaap, and her senses, that is, her sense of seeing; for the Kirk of Scotland wald a seen als well as ony Christian Kirk in the wyd warld, but now she canna distinguish between White and Black: for bring but Pepery before her, and she canna discern between that and the true religion.

Secondly, She is wounded in her Hearing; The Kirk of Scotland could a heard and distinguished; but sen the Organs were brought in she has grown as deaff as a Door Nail. Thridly, The Kirk of Scotland could a smelt as well as ony Kirk in the warld, but the Kirk of Rome smelt so strangly, that she cou'd a tald you she smell'd of the Whore of Babel; but now bring the stinkenest Pepery to the Kirk of Scotland, and it will smell to her as sweet as an Apple; now, poor spectacle! ye hae seen her hands and her sare Legs, a woeful object! pity her if you will; what say ye to the curing of her Senses? but some will tell she is in as good a case as ever she was. I'll tell you how sae, First, The Kirk of Scotland sees better than e'er she did before; the Kirk of Scotland saw her Ministers in good little short Cloaks, with Black Velvet Necks, and their little Cloaks turned mae Sauls to GOD, nor ever the lang Gowns did; but ye shall see the prydful Prelates harled up and down the Town in Coaches, as in as many Muck Carts; that is a braw sight indeed. Secondly, The Kirk of Scotland tastes better than ever she did, and how sae? I'll tell you; a good minister wad a been content of a dish of plain Milk and Bread, humble meat indeed, but our Prelates now, maun hae a lick of the best of it; so ye see

the Kirk of Scotland tastes better than ever she did, and I have done with her Senses. Now, I'll tell you how she is wounded in her Hands, and that I call the Discipline of the Kirk. For, First, they flichtered the Kirk of Scotland; ye ken weel they use to flichter thieves and runaways; the Kirk of Scotland was baith. First, She was a Runaway, and that was the glorious time of Reformation, when she came clear awa fra Rome, and hard did they follow her, and fain wad they been at her, but and they had gotten their will, she wad a been sure of her Ladetties, or to speak mair plainly, of her Dichells, but GOD be thanked they did not o'ertake her. Secondly, The Kirk of Scotland is a thief; alas! she has gone to Rome, and has stown the trash and trumpery, as the Books of Common Prayer and Cannons, wallawa! But what trou ye she is flichtered wi', but with a silken threed, and a canonical obedience to their Ordinary, and wow but we have taken great delight to be bound. We had ance a bonny Kirk, but after they gat us fast, they made the silken threed a cable tow, with which they girded us so fast, that we cou'd nae sae much as fidge, but either we must run into the danger of blind obedience on the one side, to accept of all Idolatry and Superstitious ceremonies they

imposed on us, or on the other hand, be mensworn Men; Na, the Kirk of Scotland is sae wounded in her Hands, that thir twenty years bygane she cou'd not mak her hammock in a cauld day, for the Kirk of Scotland thir twenty years by-gane cou'd not have a meeting in a lawful assembly, and so I have done with her Hands. Now I come to tell you how she is wounded in her Feet; and that I call the Worship of the Kirk of Scotland. The Kirk of Scotland was a bonny trotting Naig, but then she trotted sae hard that never a man durst rid her, but the Bishops, wha after they gat on her back cross Langed her, and Hapshackled her, and when she became a bonny pacing Beast, they took great pleasure to ride on her, but their cadging her up and down from Edinburgh to London, and it may be from Rome too, gave her sic a Het-coat that we have these twelve months by-gane been stirring her up and down to keep her frae sounding; yea, they made not only a Horse but an Ass of the Kirk of Scotland. How sae, quo' ye? What mean ye by this? I'll tell ye how, they made Balaam's Ass of her; ye ken weel eneugh Balaam was going an unlucky gait, and first the Angel met him in abroad way, and then the Ass bogled and started, but Balaam got by the angel, and till her, and battand her sufficiently,

that was when Episcopacy came in, and then they gave the Kirk of Scotland her paiks; afterwards Balaam met the Angel in a strait gait, and then she startled more than before; but Balaam till her again and whaked her soundly, that was then when the five Articles of Perth were brought in: the third time the Angel met Balaam in sae strait a gait that the Ass cou'd not win by, and then it pleased the Lord to open blind Balaam's eyes, and that is this happy day's wark. Now GOD has opened all our eyes; we were like blind Balaam, ganging an unlucky gait, and riding post to Rome; and what was gotten behind him upon the Ass, wat ye? I'll tell you; there was a Pockmanty. And what was in it trou ye? but the Book of Canons and of Common Prayer, and the High Commission; but as soon as the Ass sees the Angel she fa's a flinging and a plunging, and o'ergangs the Pockmanty, and it hings by the string on the one side, and aff gaes blind Balaam, and he hings by the hough on the other side, and fain wad the carle been on the saddle again, and been content to leave his Pockmanty. But, beloved, let not the false swingour get on again, for if he get on again, he will be sure to get on his Pockmanty also. The Fourth Wound the Kirk of Scotland gat, was in her Heart, and that I tald you

was the Doctrine of the Kirk of Scotland, and that is Pepery and Arinianism, whilk is sae ryfe in our Schools and Kirks; nay, are there not some of you that are sitting here and hears me, wha wad not a wisht yourselves a hundred times to a been out of the kirk, when ye hard the Peltry Stuff that cam frae them? Ye have heard many times, Brethren, (compared together) the Kirk and our LORD JESUS, for He is the Head, and the Kirk is the Body, and that our Saviour ere he entered the Ministry, he was carried by Lucifer (God save us!) to the Wilderness, where he was tempted of the meikle Devil, then he was rejected and let light of by all. But as soon as he began to work his miracles, he was carried up to Jerusalem in triumph; there was nothing in their mouths then, but (^Hosannas^) , and (^blest is he that comes in the name of the Lord;^) but the next news that they heard, in they cam with Halbarts and Jethard Stalves frae the High Priest to apprehend him; just sae is it with the poor Kirk of Scotland, for this year by-gane she has sitten desolate, and in the wilderness contemned, nothing cared for by man, and now is the glorius day, she is riding in triumph to Jerusalem, now there is naething in all mouths but (^Hosannas,^) but take heed when they come with swords and staves frae the High Priest that some do not with Peter shaw a pair of heels and forsake her.

They have not only made an Ass of the Kirk of Scotland, but they have betrayed her: ye ken wha betrayed our SAVIOUR, they betrayed him that were silent in sae good a cause, they betrayed him that accused him, that judged him; they betrayed him that forsook him; but whare will ye find the false Judas all the while? And now I'll tell you a tale, I darna say it is true, but ye shall have it as I have it:- When I was a little boy at the school, there was a hopeful Theologue, wha is now nae small man in the land, and being to preach the very same words of Judas, (^What will ye give me, and I will betray him?^) the young man learned his text sae weel, that he cou'd a tald it baith in Latin and Scots, (^ (\Quid mihi dabitis et ego Tradum illum?\) ^) What will ye give me and I will betray him? There was a Good-Man sitting at the foot of the Poupit, wha, standing up and looking in his face, said, Marie and give you a good fat bishopric and then I am sure ye will betray him. Say ye sae; wha has betrayed the Kirk of Scotland? I need not tell you; but the Kirk of Scotland was ance a bonny kirk, and a bonny Grammar School, and weel ye wat she had skill in (^ (\Regimen et Concordentia\) ^) , and cou'd a made a piece of bonny Latin, and for every thing she was forced to (^ (\da Regulam\) ^) , and when she offended she was sure of (^ (\pande Manum\) ^) ; but

afterwards when she went to the College she had mair liberty, and first of all she began to Rhetoric, but instead of proper speaking, she learned nothing but Hyperboles and Allegories, then she came into the Logic, and instead of true Demonstrations she learned nothing but Homommaes and Captious Sylogisms, afterwards she came to AEthicks, but she did not trouble herself meikle with them, but studied the Politicks, and that sae well, that she turned all Religion into Meer flat Policy; for Metaphysicks she kens they are Ens, and that must be (^ (\Unum, Verum ,Bonum,\) ^) and that all these three must be in True Religions; but this was too high a theme for her, wherefore she studied more the Physicks, and turned all into (^ (\Materia prima,\) ^) and made itself capable of any form they pleased to impose upon us." After he had done with Sermon and Prayer, then stood he up to give the Blessing, and thereafter said as follows: "I ken weel eneugh it is not the fashion of this place to speak any thing after prayer, but because I had meikle to say, and one thing dang out anither out of my head, wherefore I must beg leave to add a word or twa. And first of all, I will speak to you wha are members of the College of Justice, and why, I pray you, will not ye subscrive the

Covenant? Ye will say to me, ye are employed by his majesty in some special affairs, and you cannot with your honour subscrive the Covenant; this is a bra answer indeed, there is not the meanest man that gathers up twenty merks for the king per annum, but may have this hole to go out at, then we shall have a bra subscriving; yea, there is but one man between GOD and you, get by that man, and get to GOD. And in the second place, Why do not ye Noblemen subscrive the Covenant? Ye will say (^ (\noli me tangere\) ^) , howsoever I'll give you a touch; It may be you will be put to it; ye will say, We must ride in Parliament Order, the meanest man must go foremost and subscrive the Covenant, and then we will come after; that is a bra answer indeed; you have a fashion in the south part of Scotland, that when ye come to a Foord, the Jack-man must venter over first upon his weak weary Naig, and if he can go and come back again, then up comes the Laird mounted on his stately steed, and owre goes he: this is no right. But we that are Highlanders have a better fashion, for we usually come on foot, and when we come to the Foord we are laith to leave a man; therefore we join Oxter to Oxter, and Arm to Arm, and leaps altogether in the Foord, and if one drowns all drowns; even so here, set your hands to the Covenant, and if ane perish let all perish.

Now I'll speak a word to you of the town of Edinburgh; and albeit I see two of your chief Chairs are empty, yet have at you. And why do you not subscrive the Covenant? It may be ye will say ye are in Office now, stay till the next year till your Office be out, then ye will subscrive the Covenant; that is a bra answer indeed; it may be GOD will get this wark done ere the next year; what will your thanks be then? Get your Clerk-Register and look o'er your Rolls, and see if ever the town of Edinburgh suffered for joining with the Kirk of Scotland. Last of all, I have a mind to speak a word to you who are Strangers; ( and then turning himself about to the place where the Provost and Baillies of Aberdeen sat;) and what is the reason ye subscrive not the Covenant? It may be ye will say, Ye came here about your Civil Affairs; and when ye came out ye resolved not to subscrive the Covenant; will ye take my advice? I say, Aberdeens-men, will ye take your word again, and go home and drink the Cup of (^ (\Bon Accord\) ^) , and join in to the Kirk of Scotland, and subscrive the Covenant; and so Farewell. (\FINIS.\) [^REGISTER OF THE MINISTER ELDERS AND DEACONS OF THE CHRISTIAN CONGREGATION OF ST. ANDREWS, 1559-1600. VOL. II (1582-1600). ED. DAVID HAY FLEMING. SCOTTISH HISTORY SOCIETY. EDINBURGH 1890. SAMPLE 1: PP. 652.13-679.14 SAMPLE 2: PP. 714.1-737.5 SAMPLE 3: PP. 792.25-799.27^]

[} (\DIE MERCURII, QUINTO NOVEMBRIS, ANNO LXXXIX=O.= \) }] The quhilk day, the minister declaris to the sessioun, as he # hes done diveris tymes befoir, that he may nocht sustein the haill burding of the ministrie in his awin persoun, and thairfor requestis the sessioun to propone the mater to the Provest bailyeis and consall, that provisioun may be maid for ane # follow laborar with him in this great congregatioun. Mr. Dauid Russell, Dane of Gild, Mr. William Russell and Thomas Lentroun, bailyeis, being present, promist to propone the said mater to the consall, and report ansuer this day aucht dayis. The quhilk day, conperit Grissell Mylis, quha declaris that sche hes ellis born ane barn in fornicatioun to Jhone Balfour in Kyncapill, and that sche is now also with barn to him. The session ordanit Jhone to be warnit to ansuer to the dilatioun this day aucht dayis. The quhilk day, in the caus of dilatioun gevin in be Margret Scott aganis Mr. Androw Alane, in terme statut to preif the dilatioun, Mr. Androw being warnit heirto (^ (\apud acta\) ^) , # conperit Margret Scott party, quha producit Cristene Cuik witnes, suorn and examinat, na thing opponit, deponis sche duelt in James Alanis hous quhen Margret Scott servit thair, and that sche hes mony tymes sein Mr. Androw kis Margret Scott, and

sein thame togedder in secrete places and chalmeris, the # durris being closit, baith in the foir chalmer and bak chalmer, bot knawis nocht if he hed carnall daill with Margret Scott; and that Duncane Balfour wes slane befoir sche com furth of James Alanis hous and service; and deponis sche he sein Mr. Androw saith herbis in ane pan, and putt thame in ane stowp and causit Margret Scott to drink, and saw Margret drink the said herb drink; and forder declaris that Mr. Androw causat hir fesche ane muchekin of aquavite fra George Howeson in the New Clois, in ane tyn muchkein stowp, and that Mr. Androw powrit furth the aquavite in ane trein cope, and causat Margret to drink the samyn, quhilk sche did in deid; and eftir the drinking thairof Margret wes seik and in danger of hir lyffe; and forder sayis that Mr. Androw causit hir to # by to him vinagar in ane glas, bot knawis nocht quhat he did with the samyn. And thir thingis sche declaris befoir God that sche hard and saw. The sessioun ordanit Alexander Hendersoun sklatar to be warnit to this day aucht dayis, to ansuer to the dilatioun # [\HAS BEEN dilagatioun.\] gevin in aganis for smoring of ane barne. [} (\DIE MERCURII, XIX=O= NOVEMBRIS, 1589.\) }] The quhilk day, Patrik Dewar grantis he hes gottin ane barn in fornicatioun with Cathrin Tullois, in the feildis # amangis the peis. The session ordanit Patrik to seik Cathrin, and caus hir conpeir this day aucht dayis, to ansuer to the dilatioun. The minister yit as of befoir requeistis the majestratis for to provide for ane fellow laborar with him. [} (\DIE MERCURII, XXVJ=TO= NOVEMBER, 1589.\) }] The quhilk day, Jhone Balfour grantis the dilatioun trew that Grissell Mylis is with barn to him in fornicatioun, and that he is thryis now relappis. He is ordanit to sitt thre severall Sondayis on the penitent stuill, and to pay iiij l~i. # in

part of pament of the Act, and to begyn Sonday nixttocum the last of November instant. [} (\DIE TERTIO MENSIS DECEMBRIS, ANNO LXXXIX=O.= \) }] The quhilk day, Alexander Hendersoun sklatar and Elene Finlo his spous, being accusit befoir the session for # suppressing of James Hendersoun thair sone, being ane quarter yeir aild and thre dayis, grantis that the samyn nicht the barne # departit that the barn lay with thame; bot Alexander allegis the barn wes thre dayis seik in the gravell befoir, and that thair wes present with him and his wyffe, quhen the barne deit, Agnes Scheves and Barbara Finlo; and that he hard the barne lyand on his wyffis arme greit, and syne walknit hir: bot now # confessis the braith wes away fra the barn or the wemen com in. Elene Finlo, spous to the said Alexander, being severale # accusit upon the premissis, grantis that sche past to bed with hir barn on lyffe, and that sche and he fell on sleip to gidder, and # quhen sche walknit the barne being in hir oxtar wes deid; and sayis the barn hed nevir the gravell. The sessioun for forder triall ordanis Agnes Scheves and Barbara Finlo, with Jhone Cuthbertis wyffe, to be warnit to this day aucht dayis. [} (\DIE DECIMO MENSIS DECEMBRIS, ANNO LXXXIX=O.= \) }] The quhilk day, Mr. Dauid Russell, Dane of Gild, Mr. William Russell and Thomas Lentroun, bailyes, declaris that the consall of the town hes appointit thame commissioneris to pas to morn to the Presbittre, for ane helpar to the minister. [\Thai ar\] to report the Presbittreis ansuer thairof to the sessioun this day aucht dayis.

The quhilk day Dauid Annell grantis he hes gottin ane barn in fornicatioun with Margret Fogow in Langraw. Dauid is ordanit to produce the said Margret to ansuer to the dilatioun this day xv dayis. [} (\DIE ULTIMO DECEMBRIS, ANNO LXXXIX=O.= \) }] The quhilk day, Androw Sellar officiar verefiit that he # hed oftimes warnit Patrik Dewar, and spetiale personalie to this day, to conpeir befoir the sessioun, and to bring with him Cathrine Tullois to verefie the dilatioun gevin in aganis hir the xix of November last wes. Becaus the said Patrik being oftimes callit and conperit nocht, the sessioun ordanit him to be warnit to this day aucht dayis, under pane of publict admonitioun. The quhilk day, anent the complant gevin befoir the # sessioun

be James Meldrum aganis Cristene Turnour his spous and Nicholl Broun calsay maker, accusing thame as adulteraris, as the bill gevin in thairupon at lenth beris, conperit the said Nicholl and Cristene, quha denyit the bill # (^ (\simpliciter\) ^) ; and thai, nochttheles with diveris witnes examinat thairupon, deponis as thair ansuer beris. The sessioun, with the advis of the Provest and bailyeis of the citee and of the Presbittrie, # for the great sklander gevin be thame to the congregatioun, the said Nicholl being fund eftir ten houris at evin hid secretele # in James Meldrumis hous in this citee behind ane bed heid, # ordanit Nicholl and Cristene to mak publict humiliatioun on the penitent stuill Sonday nixttocum in sek claith; and remittit forder punischment to be appointit to thame, at the discretion of the majestrattis. [} (\DIE MERCURII, XIIIJ=TO= JANUARII, 1589.\) }] The quhilk day, Jonet Watsoun grantis hir with barn to Arthour Wemys, quhilk wes gottin in hir motheris hous in this citee befoir Lammes last wes, and that Arthour promist to hir mariage. Arthour is ordanit to be warnit to ansuer to the dilatioun this day aucht dayis. [} (\DIE MERCURII, XXJ=O= JANUARII, 1589.\) }] The quhilk day, Arthour Wemes, being warnit to this day to ansuer to the dilatioun gevin in aganis him this day aucht dayis be Jonet Watson, grantis the dilatioun trew, and that Jonet Watson is with barn to him, and that he promist to marie the said Jonet; lykeas he be thir presentis promissis to marie hir with the grace of God,and nane utheris. The session ordanit baith the saidis partes to satisfie for thair offence conforme to the ordour. The quhilk day, Margret Diplein grantis hir with barn to James Craig, servand to Pa. Scheves of Kembak, quhilk wes gottin in Alane Dempstaris hous in this citee. James is

ordanit to be warnit to ansuer to the dilatioun this day aucht dayis. -And now James conperis and grantis the dilatioun trew. [\He is\] ordanit to pay xx s. in part of pament of the Act &c., and to satisfie conforme to the ordour.- Satisfeit be Craig. [} (\DIE MERCURII, XXVIIJ=O= JANUARII, ANNO LXXXIX=O.= \) }] The quhilk day, Jonet Turubill grantis hir with barn to Walter Finlo now servitour to Dauid Dalgles, grantis the first tyme sche knew him carnalie wes at Witsonday in the feildis quhen the barne wes gottin, the nixt tyme wes in Androw Alanis hous in this citee. [\It is ordanit\] to warn Walter to ansuer to the dilatioun this day aucht dayis. The quhilk day, Androw Sellar yit as of befoir verefiit # that he hed warnit Patrik Dewar diveris and sindry tymes to satisfie # for his offence, and last to this day to ansuer for his contempt, under pane of publict admonitioun. The session, yit in hope of amendiment, continewit the mater to this day aucht dayis, and ordanit Patrik to be warnit to that effect; and to warn Tullois, quha is in Pa. Smalummis hous, to this day aucht dayis. [} (\DIE XJ=O= FEBRUARII,ANNO LXXXIX=O.= \) }] The quhilk day, Dauid Pattoun in Kynnaldy grantis he hes gottin ane barn in fornicatioun with Margret Cristie, and that in the place of Kynnalldy, quhilk Margret is now in Carnebe. The said Margret is ordanit to be warnit to ansuer to the said dilatioun this day aucht dayis, and Dauid is ordanit to # satisfie for his offence and to pay four merkis for his impressoment in part of payment of the Act. - Dauid hes satisfeit. [} (\DIE XVIIJ=O= FEBRUARII, ANNO LXXXIX=O.= \) }] The quhilk day, Jonet Ogiluy warnit to this day, as sche that wes delatit for keping of ane oppin hous in the silence # of the nicht, with Margret Gibson, and resett of young men; and als accusit for nocht satisfeing of the kirk of Dunde for tua

barnis, gottin on hir in Dunde in fornicatioun with Jhone Quhittat. Jonet is admonisit to keip hir hous clois in silence of the nicht in tymes cuming, and als is ordanit to produce testimoniall furth of the burth of Dunde that sche hes # satisfeit the kirk thair for the said offence. [} (\XXV=TO= FEBRUARII, 1589.\) }] The quhilk day, Agnes Jnglis grantis sche is with barn to Dauid Lochmalony, servitour to Patrik Dudingston portioner of Kyncapill, quhilk wes gottin in Kincapill in Agnes awin hous in harvest last wes. Dauid is ordanit to be warnit to ansuer to the said dilatioun this day aucht dayis. The quhilk day, Beatrix Schort, servitour to Robert Mwrray maltman, grantis sche is with barn to Thomas Thomsoun, # servitour to the Laird of Culluthy, quhilk wes gottin [\in\] the castell of Luicheris. Becaus the barn wes nocht gottin in this citee, the session requestis Mr. William Russell and Thomas Lentron bailyeis to caus put the said Beatrix furth of this citee, quhill sche satisfie the kirk of Luicheris for hir # offence, quhilk thai promist to do. [} (\DIE MERCURII, UNDECIMO MARCII, ANNO LXXXIX=O.= \) }] The quhilk day, Androw Sellar officiar verefiit that he hed warnit Androw Diplein and Alane Dempstar oft and diveris tymes, and spetialie to this day, to haif presentit Margret Diplein to underly discipline for fornicatioun with James # Craig, manifestit be procreatioun of ane barn gottin in Alane # Dempstaris hous, as thai quha wer cautioneris for the said Margret to that effect; nochttheles thai haif contempteusle disobeit. Quhairfor, the session ordanis thame yit as of befoir to be warnit agane to this day aucht dayis, to the effect foirsaid, under pane of publict admonitioun. The quhilk day, the sessoun ordanit the officiar to warn Arthour Wemys and Jonet Watson the thrid tyme, to underly the discipline of the kirk for thair fornicatioun, under pane # of

publict admonition; becaus Androw Sellar officar verefiit that he hed warnit thame tua sindry tymes thairto off befoir and [\thai have\] disobeyit. The quhilk day, Dauid Lochemalony grantis he hes gottin ane barn in fornicatioun with Agnes Jnglis, conforme to the dilatioun gevin in upon him. He is ordanit to satisfie # thairfor conforme to the ordour. The quhilk day, Agnes Rekie grantis hir with barn to Robert Ramsay, servitour to the Laird of Tarvat, quhilk wes gottin at Mertimes last wes, in the Thrid Part, in the auld chalmer under the auld hall, efter supper. The session ordanis # supplicatioun to the majestratis to putt hir furth of this citee, quhill sche satisfe quhair the falt wes maid. The quhilk day Martha Dudingstoun conplanit upon James Mar. [\This is apparently a bungled beginning of the next # paragraph.\] The quhilk day, it being delatit to the sessioun that # Martha Dudingston is sindry fra James Mar hir spous and fra his societie, and Martha being callit befoir thame, and hering hir maist willing to adheir to him and to accumpane with him, as becummis hir of hir dewete to do to hir laidfull spous; the sessioun hes ordanit Androw Sellar officiar to charge James Mar to ressaif the said Martha in hous with him, and to adheir to hir as becummith him to do, and that incontinent but delay, or ellis to conpeir this day aucht dayis and allege ane # ressonabill caus quhy he aucht nocht to do the samyn, under pane of censouris of the kirk. [} (\DIE XVIIJ=O= MARCII, ANNO LXXXIX=O.= \) }] The quhilk day, Walter Finlo, servand to Dauid Dalgles, grantis he hes gottin ane barne in fornicatioun with Jonet Turubill, as the dilatioun beris. The sessioun ordanit baith the parteis to satisfie conforme to the ordour.- Finlo # satisfeit. The quhilk day, anent the bill of sklander gevin in befoir the session be Mawis Michell, spous of Jhone Gray messinger, and the said Jhone for his interes, aganis Jhone Jnglis and

Elene Carno his spous, makand mention that the said Jhone Jnglis and Elene mony sindry and diveris tymis maist ungodly sklanderit the said Maws, calland hir ane commoun huir; and speciale upon Weddinsday the xviij of Marche instant, in presens of the said Jhone Gray and diveris utheris honest personis, the said Jhone Jnglis said ....... [\Here the slander # is summarised.\] as the said bill of sklander, this day red in presens of the said Jhone Jnglis denyand the samyn, [\beris\] ; and thaireftir gevin to the # conplaneris probation thai previt the samyn sufficientlie. The session thairfor, for satisfaction and for staying of thame # and uthris to do the lyke in tyme cuming, hes decernit and ordanit, and be thir presentis decernis and ordanis, the # saidis Jhone Jnglis and Elene Carno to sitt down incontinent on thair kneis befoir the sessioun, and ask God and the saidis Maus and hir spous forgevenes for the said offens and sklander, and # thairefter to pas to the place quhair the offence wes done and said, and [\thair\] lykewys ask God and thame forgevenes of the # samyn, and that thai desist and ceas fra the lyke in tymes cuming; # and if thai or ony of thame offendis aganis the said Jhone Gray or Maus his spous in tyme cuming, in word of deid, to pay ten l~i. to the box of the puir, and to mak publict satisfaction on the penitent stuill for the samyn; and this decrete and # sentence pronuncit with consent of majestratis elderis of the said # citee. [} (\DIE XXV=TO= MARTII, 1590.\) }] The quhilk day Cathrin Talp grantis hir to be with barn to Robert Lindesay, servitour to the Laird of Raith, quhilk wes gottin in Fedinsche. Robert is ordanit to be warnit to ansuer to the dilatioun this day aucht dayis. The quhilk day, conperit ane honourabill man Alexander Monipenny of Kinkell, and desyrit the session to ordane the barn gottin be Alexander Jamesoun in fornicatioun on Jane Monipenny his dochter to be baptizit, in respect that the said Alexander hes ellis bein befoir the session and confessit the barn. The session present, being advisit with the said # Alexanderis

petition, ordanit the said Jane first to conpeir befoir thame in the consalhous, and confes hir offence, and to mak publict humiliatioun for the offence, conforme to the ordour; or, at the leist, sche conperand befoir the session # acknawleging hir offence, and promising to satisfie at ane certane day, and to that effect to deliver ane sufficient plege, and if sche # satisfeis nocht at the day to tyn the plege, and nochtwithstanding to be subject to underly discipline; quhilk being done the barne to be baptizit. The said Alexander promist to caus hir conpeir to that effect this day aucht dayis. The quhilk day, it is concludit be the sessioun that # missivis be direct from thame to the gentillmen to landwart, to be present befoir thame this day aucht dayis, for gude ordour to be takin for provision of Mr. Jhone Authinlek minister for his stipend; and als to gif thair gude advis help and # concurrans in diveris utheris neidfull thingis, tending to the glory of God and weill of the haill parrochin, etc. The quhilk day, the sessioun ordanit [\to warn\] Patrik Forrottis wyffe and Walter Lathangie and his spous, for # ressett of wemen with barn without licience; and also to warn Beatrix Clapen to ansuer to the dilationis this day aucht # dayis. The sessioun ordanit to warn [\Patrik Forrettis wy- # DELETED\] Robert Rikkart and Normond Rikkart to this day aucht dayis, for- [\There is evidently something omitted here.\] conperit, # and admonest to present thair barnis to baptisme in dew tyme. [} (\DIE MERCURII, PRIMO APRILIS, ANNO LXXXX=O.= \) }] The quhilk day, the gentill men upon land of this parrochin being writin for be the session to conpeir this day, for # taking ordour for provision to be maid for stipend to Mr. Jhone Authinlek follow laborar in the ministrie with Mr. Robert Wilkie ordinar pastor, and for mending of the kirk, for delating of faltouris and taking ordour for punischment of vice within this congregatioun &c., and [\that\] the sessioun, # consall of the town and haill gentill men upon land, micht all with # ane

voce concluid and aggre thairintill, that God micht be # glorifiit, and this holl congregatioun alsueill burth as land micht be purgit of sic vices as now aboundis thairin. Of the quhilkis gentill men conperit Patrik Dudingstoun portioner of # Kyncapill, Androw Wod of Straythwethy, George Ramsay of Langraw, Jhone Jnglis of Straythtyrum, Martine Carstrophein portioner of Byrehillis, and Alexander Wod for James Wod of Lambelethame his father. The sessioun, with the advis of the bailyeis, Dane of Gild, and sum of the consall of the town, and with the advis of the said gentill men, hes tocht gude and concludit to the support of the said Mr. Jhonis stipend, quhill the nixt platt and ordour to be takin be his Majesteis doaris for ministeris stipendis - and than thai all to concur togidder to gait ane ressonabill stipend to him - and in the meanetyme the town to gratifie the said Mr. Jhone with sum ressonabill thing for thair part, as also the parrochenaris upon land for thair part, and for the better obtening the samyn fra the parrochenaris upon land, that thair be aucht quarter maisteris in the said parrochin; to witt, for the eist quarter, Martine Carstrophen and George Ramsay of Langraw; the secund quarter, James Wemys of Lathoker and Mr. Jhone Aytoun of Kynnaldy; the thrid quarter, Gavin Wemys of Vnthank and Alexander Wod for James Wod his father; the west and last quarter, Patrik Dudingstoun portioner of Kincapill and Jhone Jnglis of Straythtyrum; and that letteris of requeist be directit from the sessioun to the saidis quartermaisteris to # the effect foirsaid; and als to request every gentill man within his awin boundis to tak diligent inquisition of all incestious personis, adulteraris, fornicatouris, on baptizit barnis, # Papistis, Jesuittis, and of all utheris notabill vices, within the # parrochin, betuix this and the xxij of Aprile instant; and the saidis quarter maisteris to report ansuer of thair diligens thairin, # and of thair support to the said Mr. Jhonis stipend to the # sessioun, the said day: as also Mr. Dauid Russell, Dane of Gild, Mr. William Russell and Thomas Lentroun, bailyeis, present, to report the townis gude will anent the said Mr. Jhonis support the said day.

The quhilk day, conperit Jane Monipenny, dochter to the Laird of Kinkell, quha grantis sche hes born ane man cheld in fornicatioun to Alexander Jameson. Sche submittis hir self to discipline of the kirk, and desyris the session for Goddis # saik to bapteis the said barn, and becaus sche may nocht vaik fra the comptes of Crawfurdis service quhill Witsonday, sche promisis than be Goddis grace to mak publict humiliatioun in this kirk for hir offence; and in plege of the samyn hes # deliverit ten l~i. money to the box of the puir; with this condition, if sche conperis nocht than and satisfeis, the ten l~i. to be tynt # and be gevin frele to the puir, and sche nochtwithstanding to # satisfie the kirk conforme to the ordour; and in this respect desyrit # hir barn to be baptizit, quhilk the session ordanit to be done. The quhilk day, Cristene Andersoun grantis hir with barne to James Hay, quhilk wes gottin ane litill befoir Mertimes # last wes, in Dauid Crummeis hous, the first tyme wes at Michaelmes last wes. [\It is ordanit\] to warn [\Dauid DELETED\] James Hay to this day aucht dayis. This is the thrid barn sche hes gottin in fornicatioun. The quhilk day, Robert Lindesay, servitour to the Laird of Raith, grantis [\he\] hes gottin ane barn in fornicatioun with Cathrin Talp, as is delatit, in Fedinsche. [\He is ordanit\] to satisfie thairfor conforme to the ordour. The session ordanit Elene Huntar and Beatrix Clapen to be warnit to ansuer to the dilationis this day aucht dayis. [} (\DIE XV=TO= APRILIS, ANNO LXXXX=O.= \) }] The quhilk day, becaus Elene Huntar, being warnit to this day to haif ansuerit to the dilationis gevin in aganis her, # conperit nocht, sche is ordanit to be warnit agane thairto this day aucht dayis. The quhilk day, James Hay, servitour to Dauid Dalgleis, grantis the dilatioun gevin in aganis him trew, quhilk wes # gevin in the first of Aprile instant. He is ordanit to satisfie # thairfor conforme to the ordour. The quhilk day, Alexander Monipenny of Kinkell, in name

of Jane Monipenny his dochter, ressavit fra the minister and session the ten l~i., quhilk wes consignit be hir the first of Aprile instant; becaus it is ordanit be the Synodall Assemblie that Jane Monipenneis barn be nocht baptizit quhill repentance first preceid. Thairfor the said Alexander oblissis him, his airis, executouris and assignis, to warrand freith releif # and keip skaithles the minister and haill session of the pament of the said ten l~i. at the handis of the said Jane Monipenny and all utheris. (\Ita est Carolus Watsoun notarius publicus in premissis requisitus subscribitur.\) The quhilk day, Margret Bawin grantis hir with barn to Jhone Bawdy, quhilk wes gottin in hir awin hous in this citee, xx dayis efter Zuill last wes; the first tyme wes ane litill # befoir Mertimes last. [\It is ordanit\] to warn Jhone Bawdy, quha duellis with Agnies Wemys, to this day aucht dayis. [} (\DIE XXIJ=O= MENSIS APRILIS, ANNO LXXXX=O.= \) }] The quhilk day, James Martine of Lathonis being warnit to this day to ansuer to the dilatioun gevin in aganis him, # and nocht conperand, as wes verefiit be Androw Sellar officiar; the sessioun ordanis him to be warnit agane the secund tyme, under [\pane of\] publict admonitioun, to this day aucht dayis. The quhilk day, Jonet Lermonth, Lady Nyde, being personale warnit to this day be Androw Sellar officiar, to ansuer to the dilatioun gevin in aganis hir, conperit nocht. Thairfor the sessioun ordanis hir to be warnit agane the # secund tyme, under [\pane of\] publict admonition, to this day aucht dayis. The quhilk day, Jonet Bicartoun grantis sche hes born ane barn in Casche, quhilk wes gottin on hir in fornicatioun be Androw Bicartoun in Perth. The session ordanis hir to satisfie for hir offence quhair the falt wes maid, and to # report testimoniall thairupon. The quhilk day Walter Lathangze admonisit nocht to ressaif harlottis in his hous.

The quhilk day, becaus Androw Sellar verefiit that he hed tuois summond Cathrine Pentland personale, to satisfie for fornicatioun, confessit be hir in procreating of ane barn to Jhone Thomsoun, [\and sche\] hes disobeyit, the session ordanis hir to be summond the thrid tyme, under [\pane of\] publict admonitioun. The quhilk day, conperit Margret Wod in Straythwethy, and Androw Howesoun thair, quha grantis thai haif procreat # [\Proreat IN MS.\] ane barn in fornicatioun, and is content to satisfie for thair offence. Thai haif instantle payit xl s., in part of pament of the Act, and to satisfie on Sunday nixt publiclie conforme to the ordour. The session ordanit Mr. Dauid Methven to be warnit to this day aucht dayis to ansuer to the dilatioun. The quhilk day, Jonet Watsoun, being warnit to this day to satisfie for hir offence, as wes verefiit be the officiar, # conperit nocht; thairfor the sessioun ordanit hir to be warnit agane # the secund tyme thairto, under [\pane of\] publict admonitioun. The quhilk day, Elene Huntar, being warnit personale to this day to ansuer to the dilatioun gevin in aganis hir the secund tyme, as wes verefiit be the officiar, conperit nocht; thairfor the sessioun ordanit hir to be warnit agane the thrid tyme, to this day aucht dayis, under [\pane of\] publict admonitioun. The quhilk day, thir honest and discrete personis under writin ar electit, with consent of the haill sessioun and # majestratis of this citee, to attend ilk Sonday, for visiting of the kirk yaird, the haill town, and feildis thair about, that nane # be fund vagand in the kirk yaird, streittis, browstarhoussis, taveronis, cachpellis nor feild, tyme of sermon [\on\] the Sabboith day; and to noit ilk personis name that beis fund that tyme, and signifie the saymn to the session and # majestratis Weddinsday nixt thairefter. Thre personis following to pas togidder ilk Sonday about, to begyn Sonday nixttocum, viz. - [^LIST OF NAMES OMITTED^]

[} (\DIE MERCURII, PENULTIMO APRILIS, 1590.\) }] The quhilk day, Cathrine Pentland being warnit to this day the thrid tyme, to ansuer to the dilatioun, &c., under [\pane of\] publict admonitioun, conperit Mr. Patrik Orm, and desyrit delay to Cathrin quhill Dauid Orm his brutheris barn, to quhome sche is (^nutrix^) suld be haill, quha is now seikle; # and than promist to caus hir satisfie for his offence. The session being advisit ordanit ane plege to be deliverit for Catherin, that sche suld satisfie quhen the barn is weill, at the lest betuix this and Witsonday; and the plege to be gevin betuix this and Satterday, utherwis to proceid aganis hir to publict admonitioun. The quhilk day, Jonet Lermonth, Lady Nyde, being summond personale to this day, to ansuer to the dilatioun gevin aganis hir, for the secund tyme under [\pane of\] public

admonitioun; the session, upon gude consideratioun and motivis, continewis the samyn to this day aucht dayis. The quhilk day, becaus Jonet Watson, being warnit to this day to ansuer quhy sche enteris nocht in presson for hir offence, and that for the secund charge, as wes verefiit be # the officiar, conperit nocht; thairfor sche is ordanit to be # chargit thairto for the thrid tyme, under [\pane of\] publict # admonitioun. The quhilk day, Elene Huntar, being warnit to this day for the thrid tyme to ansuer to the dilatioun under [\pane of\] publict admonitioun, conperit nocht. It wes allegit for the said Elene that sche hed impediment in hir leggis and micht nocht travell. Thairfor the sessioun ordanit Mr. Dauid Russell, Mr. Jhone Scott, and Thomas Wod redar, to pas and vesy hir diseas, and to report the trouth to the sessioun this day aucht dayis; and thairfor continewit publict admonitioun quhill the said day. The quhilk day, conperit Jhone Bawdy, quha grantis carnall copulatioun and the barn gottin be him with Margret Bawn. He is ordanit to pay xxvj s. viijd. for his impressonment, and to enter to the stuill of repentance Sonday nixttocum.- Bawdy hes satisfeit. The quhilk day Mr. Dauid Methven grantis he hes gottin ane barrne in fornicatioun with [\blank\] Abircrumy in this # citee. He submittis him self to discipline and is ordanit to satisfe # for his offence conforme to the ordour. The quhilk day, becaus William Arthour of Carnis and Issobell Strang, being warnit to this day for the first tyme # to ansuer to the dilation gevin in aganis thame of new, conperit nocht, the session ordanit thame to be warnit agane to this day aucht dayis, for the secund tyme under [\pane of\] publict admonitioun. The quhilk day, Cristene Currie grantis hir with barn in fornicatioun to Jhone Annell, quhilk wes gottin in George Dauidsonis hous at Marimes last wes. [\It is ordanit\] to warn Jhone Annell to this day aucht dayis to ansuer to the dilatioun.

The quhilk day, Margret Cuik servand to James Lentroun grantis sche hes playit the harlott, and lyin in fornicatioun with Patrik Tailzeour thir tua yeiris bigane. [\It is # ordanit\] to warn Patrik Tailzeour and Margret baith to this day aucht dayis. Gavin Wemys of Vnthank and Alexander Wod to report ansuer of thair diligence this day xv dayis. The quhilk day, James Martine of Lathonis, being warnit to this day for the secund tyme to ansuer to the dilation # gevin in aganis him, as wes verefiit be the officiar, conperit # nocht. Thairfor the sessioun ordanit James to be warnit agane the thrid tyme personale to this day aucht dayis, under [\pane of\] publict admonitioun. [} (\DIE MERCURII, VJ=TO= MAII, 1590.\) }] The quhilk day, the communion is ordanit to be celebratit with Goddis assistance Sunday nixttocum, the tent of Maii instant. The quhilk day, Issobell Strang grantis sche hes born ane barn leatle in fornicatioun, within this quarter of ane yeir, # to William Arthour of Carnis; and this is the secund barn sche hes born to him. Sche is ordanit to be xv dayis impressonit, and to satisfie conforme to the ordour; and William to be warnit for the thrid tyme to ansuer to the dilatioun, this day aucht dayis, under [\pane of\] publict admonitioun. The quhilk day, conperit Jonet Lermonth, Lady Nyde, as sche that wes laidfulle warnit to this day, and accusit upon # the dilatioun gevin in aganis hir, to witt, if sche hes born ane # barn sen the deces of umquhill James Forsyth hir spous, ather in fornicatioun insest or adulterie, quhilk is yit on baptizit. # The said Jonet ansuerit and planlie denyit the samyn, and said # that sche hes nocht born ony barne to na persoun sen hir husbandis deces. The quhilk day, conperit James Martine of Lathonis, as he that wes laidfulle warnit to this day to ansuer to the # dilatioun gevin in aganis him, viz., that he hes gottin tua barnis in

fornicatioun with tua sindry wemen, the ane callit Issobell Dauidsoun the other Jonet Paty. The said James planlie denyit the dilatioun, and sayis that he nevir gatt ane barn with ony of the saidis personis; and that he nevir knew the said Issobell Dauidsoun, nor yit the said Jonet Paty carnale, all his dayis. The sessioun ordanit to warn the saidis tua wemen, to ansuer to the said dilatioun, this day aucht dayis. The quhilk day, Mr. Dauid Russell, Mr. Jhone Scott, and Thomas Wod redar, being appointit this day to declair the inhabilite of Elene Huntar, as thai quha wer ordanit to vesy hir, declaris that thai haif vesiit hir and findis na # inhabilite in hir, nor sche may conpeir befoir the session and ansuer to the dilatioun. Thairfor the sessioun ordanit hir to be warnit agane this day aucht dayis, under [\pane of\] publict # admonitioun. The quhilk day, Grissel Carstaris grantis sche hes knawin Alane [\Carstaris DELETED\] Swyne carnalie, betuix Zuill and Candilmes last wes. [\It is ordanit\] to warn Alane to ansuer to the dilatioun this day aucht dayis. The session ordanit to summond Jhone Annell to ansuer to the dilatioun for the secund tyme this day aucht dayis. The quhilk day, Jonet Mark grantis hir with barn to Androw Murray, quha being present grantis the samyn. Thai ar baith ordanit to satisfe conforme to the ordour. The quhilk day Elspot Gilruif grantis sche hes born ane barn in fornicatioun to Henry Lawder. The session ordanit Elspot to produce testimoniall of ane minister that Henry grantis the barn, becaus he duellis furth of this parrochin, # this day xv dayis. The quhilk day, Alane Robertsoun, for him self and Issobell Roger, his spos, proponit thair action aganis Jhone Leis smyth, conforme to thair bill producit, makand mention that the said Jhone Leis maist ungodly defamit and sklanderit the said [\Issobell Roger\] , [\Blank in MS.\] sayand oppinle # in the hous of Alane Dempstar, drinkand at the tabill, in presens of divers honest

witnes, upon [\blank\] instant, that James Caid wobstar hed carnall daill with the said [\Issobell\] [\Blank in MS.\] ; and # thairfor desyrt justice conforme to the said bill. Becaus the said Jhone Leis, being laidfulle warnit to this day, conperit nocht, the # session ordanit Alane Robertson to pref his bill, quha instantle # producit James Fullerton witnes, ressavit suorn and admittit, na thing opponit, quha being examinat deponit the bill trew. The session ordanit Alane to warn the remanent of his witnes, for probatioun of his bill, this day aucht dayis; the party to be warnit thairto. [} (\DIE XIIJ=O= MAII, ANNO LXXXX=O.= \) }] The quhilk day, the sessioun ordanit Elene Huntar to be publicle [\Publile IN MS.\] summond Sonday nixttocum, under # [\pane of\] censouris of the kirk, becaus sche hes oftimes be in # [\Being IN MS.\] warnit to ansuer to the dilatioun, under [\pane of\] publict admonition, and conperit nocht. The quhilk day, the sessioun ordanit William Arthour of Carnis to be publicle [\Publile IN MS.\] summond Sonday # nixttocum; becaus he hes bein oftimes chargit to conpeir befoir the session and conperit nocht. The quhilk day Alane Swyne grantis carnall copulatioun with Grissel Carstaris. He is ordanit to satisfie conforme to the ordour. To warn Jhone Annell the thrid tyme under [\pane of\] publict admonitioun. To warn Patrik Tailzeour the secund tyme under [\pane of\] public admonitioun. [} (\DIE XX=O= MAII, ANNO LXXXX=O.= \) }] The quhilk day, Elspot Gilruif producis ane testimoniall, subscrivit be Henry Lawder, grantand the barn quhilk Elspot hes born to be his. The minister affermit that Henry conperit befoir him and verefiit the samyn. The said Elspot desyrt

the barn to be baptizit, and offerit hir self to satisfie # conforme to the ordour. The session, in respect of the premissis, # ordanit Elspot to pay xxvj s. viij d., in part of pament of the Act # for hir impressoment, and to humill hir self on the stuill of # repentance Sonday nixttocum, and thairefter to bapteis the barn; and Henry also to satisfie. The session ordanit Jane Monipenny to be warnit to conpeir befoir thame this day aucht dayis, to ressaif hir injunctionis and directioun to satisfe for hir fornicatioun; becaus thai ar informit sche is in Kynkell, and this for the first tyme under [\pane of\] publict admonitioun. The quhilk day, Thomas Wod redar producit ane summondis, dewle execut and indorsat be him aganis Elene Huntar, for the first publict admonition, under [\pane of\] censouris of the # kirk. Conperit William Huntar hir father, and allegit that he and utheris frendis ar in gude hope that Alane Lentron hir spous # and sche ar to be reconcelit; and thairfor desyrit continewatioun # of all forder publict summondis aganis hir, in hope of # reconciliatioun. The session, nocht willing to be suddane to fulminat # excommunication aganis ony person, if thai culd be brocht utherwyis to repentance and humiliatioun, at the ernest suit of William Huntar, continewis the publict citatioun Sonday nixttocum to Sonday cum aucht dayis, in hop the said Elene sall conpeir # this day aucht dayis befor thame, conforme to the summondis; quhilk if sche fallye, the nixt publict citatioun to proceid Sunday cum aucht dayis but forder delay. The quhilk day, Alane Robertson officiar verefiit that he hed warnit Issobell Dauidsoun in Lathonis at hir duelling place thair, and Issobell Patiy thair, personalie, the first tyme # under [\pane of\] publict admonitioun. And becaus thai conperit nocht this day, to ansuer to the dilatioun gevin in aganis # thame, the session ordanis thame to be warnit agane the secund tyme, under [\pane of\] publict admonitoun, and Dauidsoun personale. The quhilk day, Androw Sellar verefiit that Patrik Tailzeour wes warnit to this day personale, for the secund tyme under [\pane of\] publict admonitioun; and, becaus he conperis nocht,

he is ordanit to be summond the thrid tyme, under [\pane of\] publict admonitioun. The quhilk day, conperit Jhone Annell, quha grantis that he hes gottin ane barn in fornicatioun with Cristene Currie, and ane uther befoir with [\blank\] . He is ordanit to pay xl s. in part [\of pament\] of the Act, and to sitt thre sindry Sondayis on the stuill, &c. [} (\DIE XXVIJ=O= MAII, ANNO LXXXX=O.= \) }] The quhilk day, Patrik Gutherie, at command of the sessioun, hes maid the ironis for streking of the takynnis to the communioun, and hes ressavit fra the sessioun for his panis # xl s. The quhilk day, the sessioun ordanit Issobell Dauidson and Issobell Paty to be warnit the thrid tyme under publict admonitioun, becaus thai haif bein tuois warnit befoir and conperit nocht. Androw Sellar officiar verefiit that he hed warnit Issobell Paty personale to this day. The quhilk day, Jonet Caid grantis sche is with barn to Jhone Dauidsoun, quhilk wes gottin in fornicatioun in Cristene Stenhousis hous in this citee, aucht dayis eftir Zuill last # wes. [\It is ordanit\] to warn Jhone Dauidsoun to this day aucht dayis. The quhilk day, conperit Elene Huntar, as sche that wes laidfullie warnit to this day to ansuer to the dilatioun gevin # in aganis hir, viz., that sche is ane adultreis and incesteous # person, to witt, with Dauid, Erle of Crawfurd, Mr. Alexander Lindesay his bruther; and that sche hes borne ane barne in adultrie to James Lermonth of Balcomy; and that sche hes committit adulterie with Mr. Gilbert Ogiluy, William Huntar, and James Anstroyer fear of that ilk, and diveris utheris. The said # dilatioun being red to the said Elene, sche denyit the samyn haill dilation, and every point thairof. Yitt nochttheles the session, to the effect that the great sklander may be removit, quhilk is rissin by the said dilatioun in this congregatioun, # hes statut to preif the said dilatioun this day aucht dayis; and # hes ordanit Elene, quha is personale in the consall summond to

conpeir this day aucht dayis, to object aganis the witnes to be summond for probatioun of the samyn, viz., Mr. Jhone Authinlek, Thomas Wod redar, Mr. Dauid Russell, Mr. Jhone Scott, Bessy Law maidwyffe, Cristene Methven, Issobell Moreis, Jonet Dik, Cathrine Bary, Elene Reid. The quhilk day, Elene Reid grantis sche hes knawin William Arthour younger carnalie diveris tymes, and speciale in hir motheris hous. William to be warnit heirto this day aucht dayis. The quhilk day Patrik Tailzeour grantis the dilatioun trew gevin upon him be Margret Cuik. He is ordanit to satisfie conforme to the ordour. [} (\DIE TERTIO JUNII, ANNO NONAGESIMO.\) }] The quhilk day, Alane Robertsoun officiar verefiit that he hed warnit Issobell Paty the thrid tyme to this day personale, to ansuer to the dilatioun gevin in aganis hir; and becaus # sche conperis nocht to ansuer thairto, the session ordanit hir to # be publicle summond thairto Sunday nixttocum, under [\pane of\] censouris of the kirk; and becaus Issobell Dauidson is nocht yit personale apprehendit, the sessioun ordanit the officiar # to do diligens to seik hir personall presens, and to summond hir to [\ansuer to\] the said dilatioun. The quhilk day being appointit for preveing of the # dilatioun gevin in aganis Elene Huntar, the said Elene being warnit heirto this day aucht dayis (^ (\apud acta\) ^) , sche, being # oftimis this day callit, conperit nocht; the session ressavit the [\In IN # MS.\] witnes under writin, for preifing of the said dilatioun, to witt, # Bessy Law, Cristene Methven and Issobell Moreis, quha ar all # solemnatle suorn in thair consciences, to spek and declair the trewth sa fer as thai knaw of the said dilatioun, as thai will ansuer # to God. And in the first, the said Bessy Law, being examinat upon the dilatioun, deponis in hir conscience sche knawis na thing of the dilatioun, except anent the barn born in adultrie be Helene Huntar to the Laird of Balcomy: deponis the samyn

trew, for sche deponis that in wyinter lxxxv yeiris, efter # Zuill and befoir Candilmes, in ane snawy nycht, in hir bed, in hir awin hous, Cristene Methven, at xij houris at evin or thairby, com to hir, as sche said at command of Elene Huntar, and requestit hir to cum to the said Elene; quha obeit and com to Alane Lentronis hous in this citee, quhair the said Elene wes than in the extremite of hir birth, makand great duill and # nois. Sche deponis that sche wes maidwyffe to Elene in the bering of the barn, and immediatle eftir the barn wes born the said Elene desyrit hir to tak away the barn with hir; quha ansuerit, I haif nather womanis milk nor kowis milk to gif it, I can do na thing with the barn: and it wes ane man cheild. Than Elene said, Quhat rak of that? I pray yow for Goddis saik saif my honour, for it is nocht Alane Lentroun my # husbandis barn, it is the Laird of Balcomeis barn. And than, that samyn nycht, sche deponis, that sche, at Elenis request, tuik the barn with hir to hir hous, and kepit the barn viij dayis # and viij nichtis; and that Elene Huntar desyrit hir, ane day at tua houris eftir none, to bring the barn to the Bow Brig besyd this citee, quhilk sche did in deid, and thair George # Andersoun servitour to the Laird of Balcomy tuik the barn fra hir, and, as sche understandis, the barn is yit leveand in Balcomy. Cristene Methven witnes, quha wes present with Elene Huntar at the birth with the said Bessy Law, deponis in all thingis conforme to Bessy Law. Jssobell Moreis witnes deponis that sche, being servand to Elene Huntar, wes in the hous that # nicht that Alane Lentroun com hame fra the saill, and knokkit at his awin yett in the nicht, to haif gottin in thairat; and that samyn nycht at the saymn tyme, my Lord of Crawfurd wes within the hous, in the bed with Elene Huntar, in the chalmer; and that sche saw my Lord in the bed with Elene. The session ordanit the remanent witnes to be warnit [\to be\] examinat upon the said dilatioun this day aucht dayis, and Elene to be warnit thairto, personale, or at hir duelling place, the said day. The quhilk day, Jonet Husband, for hir ungodly sklandering of Elspot Lyall, calling hir, wiche carling, wes decernit, # first, to

ask the said Elspot forgifnes in the consalhous, and syne at # the place quhair the sklander wes spokin; and if evir sche wes offencive to the said Elspot in the lyke, in tymes cuming, to mak publict humiliatioun thairfor, and forder at discretion of the majestrattis. The quhilk day, conperit Jhone Dangzell and [\blank\] # [\Howie\] his spous, quha grantis and confessis that thai wer dewlie and laidfulle mariit togidder in the kirk of Kennowy, be umquhill Jhone Symson minister thairat. The quhilk day, the session ordanit to summond Jane Monipenny the thrid tyme, to satisfie for hir offence, under [\pane of\] publict admonitioun; becaus sche hes bein tuois summond befoir thairto, and conperit nocht, as wes verefiit be the officiar. The quhilk day, Alane Robertsoun officiar verefiit that he hed summond Jonet Paty personale to this day, to ansuer to the dilatioun for the thrid tyme; and becaus sche conperis nocht, the sessioun ordanit hir to be publiklie summond # thairto, to this day aucht dayis, under [\pane of\] censouris of the # kirk; and als to summond James Martine to present hir this day aucht dayis. The quhilk day, becaus Jhone Leis hes bein oft and diveris tymes warnit to haif conperit befoir the sessioun, to haif ansuerit in the actioun of sklander movit aganis him be Alane Robertson and Issobell Roger his spous, [\and\] conperis nocht, thairfor the sessioun ordanit him to be publicle [\Publile IN # MS.\] summond thairto Sonday nixttocum. [} (\DIE XXIIIJ=TO= JUNII, 1590.\) }] The quhilk day, Williame Arthour younger grantis that he hes knawin Elene Reid carnalie, and thairfor he is ordanit to

satisfie conforme to the ordour, and to summond Reid to this day aucht dayis. The session ordanit James Martine of Lathonis to be summond to gif his declaratioun quhair Jonet Paty is, and to caus hir conpeir befoir thame this day aucht dayis, under [\pane of\] publict admonition. The quhilk day, being appointit for preving of the # dilatioun gevin in aganis Elene Huntar for the secund day of probatioun, conperit Mr. Dauid Russell witnes, quha, being suorn, deponis conforme to Thomas Wod and Mr. Jhone Scott witnes, to witt, that he, being send be the session with the saidis # Thomas and Mr. Jhone to the said Elene, to vesy hir in hir diseas, to desyre hir to cum to the session to ansuer, quhen thai com to Elene in hir awin duelling hous in this citee, thai hard the said Elene confes na thing of the dilatioun in speciall, bot sche said it wes nocht all trew that wes said of hir, bot sche repentit hir sair of the offences sche hed done to God, and # hir husband. The said Mr. Jhone Scott is conforme to Mr. Dauid Russell. And the said Thomas Wod deponis that he wes ane uther tyme in Elenis hous, hir mother being thair present, hard the said Elene say, Alais! alalais! [\Sic.\] gar baptise # yone barne. And he sperit at hir mother quhat thais wordis menit. [\And hir mother ansuerit\] , This is the thing quhilk sche # sayis, Sche hes borne ane barne to the Laird of Balcomy, and sche prayis for Goddis saik to gar baptis the barne. Mr. Jhone Authinlek minister witnes deponis he hard na thing of the dilatioun aganis Elene Huntar, bot that he hard Elene Huntar confes that sche hed defylit hir body with the Laird of # Balcomy, in committing adultrie with him; and estemit hir of perfyte understanding tyme of hir confessioun, and that hir mother laid the said confession to hir charge, and that sche confessit the samyn in presens of hir mother, and askit God mercy thairof with teris. The session ordanit to pronunce in this mater this day aucht dayis, the said Elene being warnit to this day at hir duelling place; and ordanit hir to be also of new warnit [\to\] the nixt dyat in this caus, personale, or at # hir duelling place.

[} (\DIE VIIJ=O= JULII, 1590.\) }] The quhilk day, Androw Sellar verefiit that he hed summond James Martine of Lathonis at his duelling place to this day, to haif presentit Jonet Paty befoir the sessioun to ansuer to # the dilatioun; and becaus James conperit nocht, the sessioun # ordanit him to [\be\] summond agane to this day aucht dayis, under [\pane of\] publict admonitioun. The quhilk day Maister George Leslie grantis he hes gottin ane barn in fornicatioun with Margret Geddy in this citee. Thairfor he is ordanit to satisfie conforme to the ordour. The quhilk day, the sessioun continewit the advisment of # the proces of Elene Huntar and pronunciatioun of decrete thairin quhill this day aucht dayis, that the sessioun be mair fullie convenit. The quhilk day Cathrine Robertsoun grantis sche hes born ane barn in fornicatioun to James Buill. Sche is ordanit to satisfe. James hes ellis satisfeit thairfor. [} (\DIE XV=TO= JULII, 1590.\) }] The quhilk day, Mirrabill Mwdy grantis sche is with barn gottin in fornicatioun to George Lummisdane, gottin [\in\] the said George awin buith. The sessioun ordanit George to be warnit to ansuer to the dilatioun, and Mirrabill to satisfie conforme to the ordour, quhen George cummis hame fra the saill. The quhilk day the sessioun hes payit to Patrik Gutherie, for twa thowsand taiknis to the communion, ten merkis: and als for ane new towall to the bassing, tyme of the sacrament # of baptisme, xx s. The quhilk day, it is concludit that the land communion be celebratit, God willing, Sonday nixttocum the xix of Julii instant.

The quhilk day, the haill gentill men and utheris discrete men upon land being warnit to this day be the minister publikle in the pulpeit, and be speciall missivis, to conpeir # in the session this day, to gif thair gud advis and consall to sic thingis as suld tend to the glorie of God and weill of the hoill congregatioun; of the quhilkis conperit Jhone Meluill of Raith, Androw Wod of Straythwethy, Mr. Jhone Aytoun of Kynnaldy, George Ramsay of Langraw, Martine Carstrophein portioner of Byrehillis, Mr. Alexander Jarden of Smyddy Gren, Gavin Wemys of Vnthank, William Kynnynmonth in Baldynny. Quhilkis gentill men and parrochenaris up on land, with the bailyeis and Dane of Gild of this citee for the town, and session present, hes all with ane voce aggret, that # support may be presentle and with all diligens gevin to Mr.Jhone Authinlek, follow laborar in the ministrie with Mr. Robert Wilke ordinar minister of this congregatioun, for the said Mr. Jhonis panis takin and to be takin in the said cuir, # quhill the nixt generall platt, that ordinar stipend may be procurit be the haill congregatioun to him at the said platt. And the personis befoir spetiale nemmit hes instantle deliverit, to Charlis Watson scribe, thair awin present support, to be gevin to the said Mr. Jhone. And it is concludit that the haill rest of the gentill men and parrochenaris upon land, quhais names ar spetiale gevin up in bill, salbe publiclie warnit in the # kirk Sonday nixtocum, and speciall missivis send to thame, to conpeir this day aucht dayis, to the effect foirsaid. And forder it is concludit, with commoun consent foirsaid, that ordour be takin for the haill puir within the parrochin, baith land and burth, to witt, the Provest and bailyeis to tak up the haill puir folkis names within the town, and the said gentill men present takand the burding on thame for the haill land wart to tak up the haill puir folkis names up on land; and to produce all thair names, alsueill burth as land, in the session Twisday cum aucht dayis, that ordour may be takin with the puir conforme to the Act of Parliament; and, to this

effect, that publict intimatioun heirof be maid in the pulpeit be the minister, Sonday nixttocum and Sonday cum aucht dayis, and be the Provest and bailyeis Mononday nixttocum and Mononday cum aucht dayis, be publict proclamatioun at the mercat croce of this citee. And als ressoning being for support and reparatioun of the kirk for the parrochenaris upon land, the minister hes takin the burding on him, ather to # bring hame the letter lyand in Peter Ewattis hand writar in # Edinburth, for ansuering of the taxt the parrochenaris ar stent to, or to reas new letteris him self to that effect, at his nixt # being in Edinburth at the Generall Assemblie: and als at the nixt day of the convening, commissioneris to be chosin to pas to the generall platt, for procuring of ane stipend to Mr. Jhone Authinlek.

The quhilk day, Margret Schankis grantis sche is with barn, gottin in fornicatioun with Walter Scott, servitour to Dauid Turubill, and that sche hes hed thryis to do with him; the # first tyme wes upon Lathoker Mwir about Martimes, quhen sche wes cumand hame to Sanctandrous furth of the Grange; and the uther tua tymes wes in William Zuill chirirgans hous in wynter, upon the hiche stair, quhen hir maister and hir hussy. wes in Jhone Sourdes hous at the supper; and sayis that the said Walter followit hir upon Lathoker Mwir on ane hors, and he tuik hir on behind him, and befoir he tuik hir on he hed to do with hir, and thaireftir immediatle he past away fra hir, and within ane litill quheill he followit hir, and thai com hame to gidder sche being behind him on the hors; sche lichitit nevir quhill sche com to the Sowth Haucht, and than sche com up throw the Craftis, and he reid up the Burn Wynd. And the said Walter, being accusit upon the triall of the samyn, sayis that he wes passand fra Sanctandrous on his maisteris # hors to Vnthank, and in his ganging he forgadderit with Margret on the muir and tuik hir on behind him, and quhen sche lichitit he hed then to do with hir and nocht befoir; and thaireftir he past away fra hir to Vnthank and left his maisteris hors behind him, and borowit ane hors in Vnthank, and com agane to St. Androus with hir. And now he sayis thai com to gidder on thair feit to St. Androus; and als he now sayis that the hors wes nocht his maisteris hors, bot ane hors quhilk he tuik at # his awin hand gangand in the Sowth Hauche, and quhen he com to the Nether Burn he lichtit and luit the hors gang fra him. And als he first grantit that he hed to do with hir tua sindry tymes, anes on Lathoker Mwir, and ane uther tyme in the said hiche stair; bot now he grantis thre tymes. Thus thai, being severale accusit, vareis in thair depositionis, and makis # utheris leyaris; quhairthrow it is suspectit that thai ar fengyeit, # and seducit to lie and deny the treuth. The sessioun ordanit

thame to be warnit agane of new, and to be re-examinat, quhen the minister cummis hame and the session is full. [} (\DIE MERCURII, SEPTIMO JULII, 1591.\) }] The quhilk day, Issobell Berclay grantis hir with barne to George Mwrray, quhilk wes gottin in the Auld college, in the Dane of Glasgowis chalmer, at Fastronis evin last, and dyveris tymes sensyne in the samyn place, and in Dauid Mylis hous. The session ordanit Issobell to caus adverteis George Murray to cum heir and satisfie this aucht dayis. The quhilk day, Jonet Dunce grantis hir with barn to Jhone Dowgall, servitour to Dauid Sourdy, quhilk wes gottin in Jhone Dunce hous, about Fastronisevin last wes. [\It is # ordanit\] to summond Jhone to ansuer to the dilatioun this day aucht dayis. This is the thrid barn Jonet hes gottin in # fornicatioun. The quhilk day, Margret Stevinson, spous to George Wilsoun in Laderny, being this day befoir the session, summond as witnes and maidwyffe to Cathrin Patrik in Ester Morton tyme of hir birth, desyrrit to gif hir aith to testifie the # treuth, &c., sche expressle refusit. [\Refut IN MS.\] Thairfor the # sessoun ordanit hir

to conpeir this day xv dayis to that effect, under pane of censouris of kirk and publict admonition. [} (\DIE MERCURII, XIIIJ=TO= JULII, 1591.\) }] The quhilk day, Jhone Dugall grantis the dilatioun, # [\Dilagatioun\] , bering him to haif knawin Jonet Dunce carnale, trew, and that sche is with barn to him. He is ordanit to satisfie as ane simple fornicatour; and Jonet Dunce present is ordanit, becaus sche is now thryis relappis in fornicatioun, to be xx dayis # impressonit, and to sitt thre sindry Sondayis on the penitent stuill. [} (\DIE MERCURII, XXJ=O= JULII, 1591.\) }] The quhilk day, Thomas Wod redar producit ane summondis dewlie execut and indorsat aganis Jonet Paty in Lathonis and Cathrin Patrik in Eister Mortoun, as thai that wer publictle summond upon Sonday last wes, the xviij day of Julii instant, to haif conperit this day to haif ansuerit to # the dilatioun gevin in aganis thame, under pane of censouris of # the kirk, and this for the thrid and last publict summondis, as # the summondis at mair lenth contenis. And thai, being oftimes callit, laidfull tyme biddin, conperit nocht, the session # ordanit and decernit thame to haif meret the feirfull sentence of # excommunicatioun for thair contempt. And yit befoir the pronunciatioun thairof, the session ordanit the minister to signifie the samyn to the congregatioun publicle Sonday # nixtocum, exhorting thair freindis and acquentance to travell with thame for obedience, and to request the congregatioun to pray for thame; and continewit the pronunciatioun of thair sentence quhill this day viij dayis. [} (\DIE MERCURII, QUARTO MENSIS AUGUSTI, 1591.\) }] The quhilk day, Mr. Dauid Blak minister declarit that he, upon Sonday last wes, publiclie admonisit and requeistit, in

the name of God, all and sindry the kyn freindis and familiar acquentance of Jonet Paty and Cathrin Patrik, that thai micht travell with thame to caus thame conpeir befoir the session this day, to ansuer to sic thingis as salbe propon [\it\] to # thame at thair cuming, rather nor thai suld be excommunicat. The saidis Jonet and Cathrin being this day oftimes callit, nocht conperand, nor yit nane in thair names to the effect foirsaid, bot contempteuslie disobeyit the voce of the kirk; the # sessioun, yit movit with mercy, slaw to pronunce that feirfull sentence, in hope of humiliatioun and obedience, continewis the said sentence to Sunday cum aucht dayis, the xv of August instant; and yit in the meane tyme the minister to mak publict admonitioun Sonday nixttocum, that freindis [\Feindis IN MS\] # and acquentance of the saidis personis may yit travill with thame for obedience, Weddinsday nixttocum, the xj of August instant, and if thai failye the said sentence to be pronuncit the said xv of August but forder delay. The quhilk day, being appointit to Margret Stevinson maidwyffe to compeir and mak faith and to depon upon the treuth of sic thingis as suld be sperit at hir, sche conperit nocht, thairfor the session ordanit hir to be publictle # summond thairto Sonday nixttocum, under pane of censouris of the kirk. The quhilk [\day\] , conperit Elspot Zounger, as sche that wes warnit to this day, and being inquirit of the maner how Thomas Wilsoun usit hir, ansueris [\Here her statement is # recorded.\] Thomas, being also warnit the samyn day, denyis the dilatioun, except he lay in the bed with hir sen hir gudhame decessit; and that sche is # ten yeir auld at Candilmes nixttocum. Thomas is ordanit to cum agane to testife the treuth this day aucht dayis. [} (\DIE MERCURII, XJ=O= AUGUSTI, 1591.\) }] The quhilk day, the sentence of excommunicatioun aganis Jonet Paty and Cathrin Patrik is continewit to Sunday cum

aucht dayis, in hope of thair humiliatioun; as also summondis publict aganis Margret Stevinson cotinewit to the said day. [} (\DIE MERCURII, VIIJ=O= SEPTEMBRIS, 1591.\) }] The quhilk day, the sentence of excomunicatioun to be # pronuncit aganis Jonet Paty and Cathrin Patrik, and also the publict summondis aganis Margret Stevinson, is continewit quhill the sesson be fully convenit, that the mater may be ressonit and veisiit. The quhilk day, Elspot Lessellis, adultrice with Alexander Dik, is ordanit to conpeir to morn befoir the Presbittrie, and ressaif hir injunctionis. The quhilk day, Margret Narne, servitour to Androw Wrycht, grantis hir to be with barne to Thomas Wemys, sone to Thomas Wemis officiar, quha is now in Flanderis. Sche is ordanit to produce witnes this day aucht dayis, to verefy that Thomas grantit the barn befoir he departit to Flanderis. [} (\DIE MERCURII, XV=TO= SEPTEMBRIS, 1591.\) }] The quhilk day, Elene Wilsoun grantis hir with barn to Henry Wilsoun mariner, quhilk wes gottin in the hous of Jhone Wilsoun maltman, in hir awin bed in the hall; the first tyme wes Lentron last wes. [\It is ordanit\] to warn Henry quhen he cummis hame fra the saill. The quhilk day, Agnes Bron grantis hir with barn to Patrik Bouy in Langraw, quhilk wes gottin in Fedinsche at Witsonday last wes. [\It is ordanit\] to warn Bouy to this day aucht dayis. [} (\DIE MERCURII, DECIMO MENSIS OCTOBRIS, 1591.\) }] The quhilk day, Jhone Smyth and Margret Fleming grantis thai haif gottin ane barne to gidder in fornicatioun, in Dauid Smythis hous in this citee; and that the samyn barne wes

born in Lokkeis hous in this citee, and the barne wes borne deid, and buriit under silence of nycht be Androw Sellar and Alane belman. The session ordanit thame to satisfie for thair offence conforme to the ordour; and Androw Sellar and Alane to be warnit and accusit for buring of the said barn, being gottin in fornication and nocht satisfaction maid to the kirk thairfor, and under silence of nycht, the majestratis # nocht being advertisit. [} (\DIE TERTIO NOVEMBRIS, ANNO LXXXXJ=O.= \) }] The quhilk day, Margret Mane grantis hir with barne to Stevin Lawsoun, servitour to Margret Aytoun, quhilk wes gottin at Midsymmer last wes, in hir awin hous in this citee; the first tyme wes at Peasche last wes, and the last tyme wes xx dayis befoir Lammes last wes. Sche buir ane barne befoir to William Diksoun in Lawder. [\It is ordanit\] to warn Lawson to this day aucht dayis. The quhilk day Henry Wilsoun grantis he hes gottin ane barne in fornicatioun with Elene Wilson. He is ordanit to satisfie as also the said Elene conforme to the ordour. The quhilk day, conperit Issobell Trest and Jhone Andersoun, quha grantis thai haif gottin ane barn in adultre in Vnthank, the said Issobell being mariit with James Scrymgeour. The sessioun ordanit thame to conpeir to morn befoir the Presbittrie and ressaif thair injunctionis. [} (\DIE MERCURII, XXIIIJ=TO= NOVEMBRIS, ANNO LXXXXJ=O.= \) }] The quhilk day, Cristene Hound grantis sche hes borne ane barne in fornicatioun to Jhone Carnis, quhilk wes gottin [\in\] Robert Scheves chalmer in the Abbay, xv dayis befoir Zuill last wes, betuix fyve and sex houris eftir none, and that he hed oftimes to do with hir sensyne. The session ordanit

Jhone Carnis to be warnit to ansuer to the dilatioun this day aucht dayis. The quhilk day, Jonet Symmer grantis hir with barne to Paule Congiltoun, servitour to Mr. Jhone Aytoun of Kynnaldy, quhilk wes gottin in Kynnaldy in Lentron last wes, in the eist chalmer; the last tyme wes viij dayis befoir Michaelmes last wes. The sessioun ordanit the said Paule to be warnit heirto this day aucht dayis. [} (\DIE MERCURII, PRIMO DECEMBRIS, ANNO LXXXXJ=O.= \) }] The quhilk day, Androw Sellar officiar verefiit that he hes warnit Jhone Carnis personalie, to ansuer this day to the # dilatioun gevin in be Cristene Hound aganis him; and the said Jhone being oftimes callit thairto, nocht conperand, the # sessioun ordanit him to be warnit agane to ansuer to this day aucht # dayis, for the secund tyme under [\pane of\] publict admonition. The quhilk day, Androw Sellar verefiit that he hed also warnit Stevin Lawson personalie to this day, to ansuer to the dilatioun gevin in aganis him be Margret Mane. Becaus he conperis nocht, the session ordanit him to be warnit heirto this day aucht dayis, for the secund tyme, under [\pane of\] public admonition. The quhilk [\day\] , Henry Anderson litstar, being accusit # for haifing carnall daill with Elspot Dauidsoun sen the last tyme he wes admonisit, grantis the samyn, and promisis to returne this day aucht dayis and contract marige with hir, and to satisfie for his offence at the sessionis will. [} (\DIE MERCURII, OCTAVO DECEMBRIS, 1591.\) }] The quhilk day, Androw Sellar verefiit that he hed warnit Jhone Carnis to this day personalie, to ansuer to the # dilatioun gevin in be Cristene Hound aganis him; and becaus he conperis nocht, the sessioun ordanit him to be warnit agane the secund tyme, to this day aucht dayis, under [\pane of\] publict admonition. The quhilk day, Androw Sellar verefiit that he hed warnit

Stevin Lawsoun personalie to this day, to ansuer to the # dilatioun gevin aganis him be Margret Mane. Becaus he conperis nocht, the session ordanis him to be warnit the secund tyme, to this day aucht dayis, under [\pane of\] publict # admonitioun. [} (\DIE DECIMO QUINTO MENSIS JANUARII, 1591.\) }] The quhilk day, Mr. James Martine, Provest of St. # Saluatouris College, Mris. Dauid Russell, William Russell, Jhone Scott, William Lermonth, Patrik Gutherie, elderis, Androw Wrycht deakin, and Thomas Wod redar, being assemblit in the consalhous, hes ordanit Patrik Arthour, portioner of Newtoun, his barne, procreat be him on Margret Monipenny his ladfull spous, to be baptizit; and thai nochtwithstanding to satisfie for ony offence and sklander done and gevin be thame befoir thair mariage, quhen the kirk sall command thame. [} (\DIE PRIMO MARTII, 1591.\) }] The quhilk day, Patrik Bouy, servitour to George Ramsy of Langraw, grantis he hes gottin ane barne in fornicatioun with Annabil Bron, quhilk wes gottin in Fedinsche. He is ordanit to satisfie thairfor conforme to the ordour. The quhilk day Paule Congiltoun and Jonet Symmer grantis thai haif gottin ane barn in fornicatioun in Kynnaldy. Thai ar ordanit to satisfie thairfor conforme to the ordour. The quhilk day conperit Alane Lentroun quha denyis the dilatioun gevin in aganis him be Issobell Guidfallow. Thai ar ordanit to be confrontit this day aicht dayis. [} (\DIE VIIJ=O= MENSIS MARTII, 1591.\) }] The quhilk day, Beatrix Broun grantis sche hes borne ane barne in adulterie to Jhone Forrett duelling at Forrett Miln, quhilk wes gottin in ane litill auld hous besyde the nether # yett of the Abbay, aucht dayis eftir Witsonday last wes. It is # ordanit that Thomas Wod present request to the Presbittre to morn, to caus Jhone Forrett compeir this day aucht dayis, to ansuer to the dilatioun.

[} (\DIE XXIX=O= MARTII, 1592.\) }] The quhilk day, Dauid Strang grantis he hes gottin ane barne in fornicatioun with Margret Scott, as also Margret # grantit the samyn. Dauid is ordanit to be impressonit and to satisfie conforme to the ordour. Margret committit adultrie befoir with Duncane Balfour. Sche is ordanit also to satisfe, bot the haill session to be advisit upon hir satisfaction. The quhilk day, Henry Anderson is ordanit to enter to the stuill of repentance Sonday nixttocum, and to sitt thairon, # for fornicatioun with Elspot Dauidson, thre sindry Sondayis, # becaus he is thryis relapis. The quhilk day, Margret Grundestoun grantis sche is with barne to Henry Gaw, quhilk wes gottin in Androw Forrettis hous xx dayis eftir Martimes last wes, in the chalmer in the nicht. The sessioun ordanit Henry Gaw to be warnit to ansuer to the dilatioun this day aucht dayis. The quhilk day, Issobell Blak grantis hir with barne to Androw Greif, quhilk wes gottin at Lambes last wes, in Cathrin Zoungis hous in this citee. Androw is ordant to be warnit to ansuer to the said dilatioun. The quhilk day, Margret Stevinsoun grantis sche hes borne [\ane barne\] in fornicatioun to Mr. Dauid Mwrray, quhilk wes gottin in the Bischoppis hous. Sche allegis the barne wes baptizit in the kirk of [\blank\] within the Presbittrie of # Perth; and is ordanit to satisfie for hir offence in this kirk, and to report testimoniall of the baptizing of the barin. The quhilk day Jonet Duncansoun grantis hir with barne to [\blank\] . Sche is ordanit [\to\] enter in presson Satterday # nixttocum, or ellis to pay xx s. in part of pament of the Act. [} (\DIE XIX=O= APRILIS, 1592.\) }] The quhilk day Jhone Carnis grantis carnall copulatioun with Cristene Hound. He hes payit in viij s. in part of pament of the Act for his impressoment; and is ordanit to mak

publict humiliatioun, conforme to the ordour, within ane moneth. The quhilk day, Issobell Strang grantis hir with barne to Jhone Galloway, servitour to the laird of Carnebe, quhilk wes gottin in Dauid Strangis hous in Pittinweme. The balyeis hes promist to tak ordour with hir in the tolbuith, and gif # hir ane assyis Friday nixttocum. The quhilk day, Margret Rind grantis sche hes born ane barne in fornicatioun to Jhone Gourlay, quhilk wes gottin in Tessis, in Lady Wodis hous, within the parrochin of Seres. The bailyes hes promist to tak ordour with hir in the # tolbuith, and gif hir ane assyis Friday nixttocum. The quhilk day, Margret Scott is ordanit to begyn agane hir pennence in seclaith Sonday nixttocum, for adultrie with umquhill Duncane Balfour, and to continew quhill the kirk be satisfeit, and thaireftir to be punisit fornicatioun with Dauid Strang. The quhilk day, Thomas Wod redar producit ane summondis dewle execut and indorsat upon Margret Clapen adultrice, Beatrix Weland and Agnes Bett fornicatouris, quha wes laidfulle summond publicle [\Pubile IN MS\] to this day, to ansuer to # the dilatioun and to sic thingis as suld haif bein sperit at thame; and, # becaus thai conperit nocht, thai ar ordanit to be summond the secund tyme publicle, under pane of excommunicatioun. And als Elspot Guidfallow grantis sche hes born ane madin barne in adultrie to Alane Lentron, quhilk wes gottin. [\Here this entry # ends abruptly.\] [} (\DIE TERTIO MENSIS MAII, 1592.\) }] The quhilk day, Alexander Pady and Margret Clapen being callit befoir the sessioun for keping cumpanie to gidder as adulteraris, thai conperit and allegit thame to be mariit in # the town of Wark in Jngland; and that Robert Auchmowty sumtyme spous to the said Margret is devorsit fra hir, and he is mariit with ane uther woman. The sessioun ordanit thame to produce testimoniall of thair mariage and decrete of # devorcement,

the xij of Junii nixttocum; certifeing thame, if thai failye, the sessioun will proceid aganis thame to the censouris of the kirk. The quhilk day, conpert Issobell Gudfallo, quha, being accusit quhy sche conpert nocht to be confrontit with Alane Lentron, ansueris sche wes in the kirk that day, bot sche wes persuadit to pas away and nocht to conpeir be Dauid Gudfallow, Gregore Watson, Mr. Dauid Auchmoty yonger, and Jhone Lentron. [} (\DIE XXIIJ=O= AUGUSTI, ANNO LXXXXIJ=O.= \) }] The quhilk day, Alexander Pady and Margret Clapen, being to this day warnit to produce testimoniall of thair marage, and decrete quhair Margret wes devorsit fra Robert Auchmoty hir first husband, conperit Alexander Pady, quha producit ane testimoniall subscrivd be Mr. Dauid Spens, minister of # Kirkcaldy, testifeing that he mariit Robert Auchmowty laidfulle with Grissell Seitoun, within the parrochin of Kircaldy, and that becaus the said Robert is devorsit fra the said Margret Clepen be decrete of the commissaris of Edinburgh. The sessioun ordanit Alexander yit [\It IN MS.\] as of befoir to # produce testimoniall of his laidfull mariage with Margret Clapen, betuix this and Candilmes nixttocum. The quhilk day, Alane Lentroun, being warnit to this day to ansuer to the dilatioun gevin aganis him be Issobell # Guidfallow, conperit nocht. The sessioun ordanit him to be warnit agane to this day aucht dayis, under pane of publict # admonitioun. The quhilk day Thomas Moreis grantis him to haif gottin ane barn in fornicatioun with Agnes Reid. He is ordanit to satisfie for his offence, and Agnes to be warnit quhen sche is habill to travell. [} (\DIE SEXTO SEPTEMBRIS, 1592.\) }] The quhilk day, Thomas Wod redar verefiit that he hed upon Sonday last wes summond Alane Lentroun publiclie to

this day, to ansuer to the dilatioun gevin in aganis him be Issobell Guidfallo, that he and sche may be confrontit thairin. Becaus he conperit nocht, the sessioun ordanit him to be summond publikle Sonday nixttocum, for the secund tyme, under [\pane of\] censsouris of the kirk. The quhilk day, it being inquirit of Mr. Dauid Blak # minister to sett down in speciall the heidis and preceptis, quhilk he desyris to be observit in this congregatioun: First, he # desyris that ordour be takin for keiping of the Sabboth day; nixt, # that provisioun be maid for the puir; thridlie, that the elderis wache and attend upon the maneris of the pepill.

[} (\DIE XIIJ=O= SEPTEMBRIS, 1592.\) }] The quhilk day, Dauid Watsoun bailye declaris that he com to Thomas Wod redar and causit him to stay the publict

citatioun of Alane Lentroun Sonday last wes; and promisis to caus him conpeir personalie this day aucht dayis and ansuer to the dilatioun.

The quhilk day, conperit George Gilcrist wobstar and Cathrin Kynnynmonth, quha grantis that thai haif committit adultrie, the said George being mariit with ane uther woman; and that thai haif lyin to gidder fyve sindry tymes, and that the said Cathrin is with barne to him in adultree. Thai ar ordanit to pas to morn to the Presbittrie and ressaif thair injunctionis, and thaireftir conpeir befoir the sessioun this # day aucht day. [} (\DIE VENERIS, XV=TO= SEPTEMBRIS, 1592.\) }] The quhilk day, the sessioun being convenit, conperit # befoir thame Margret Philp, quha being examinat confessis that sche wes mariit [\with\] Jhone Thomson, in the Garioch, in the Northland; and that sche and he com to Coupar in Fyffe and duelt thair (he being ane [\In IN MS.\] skynner of his craft) # sevin yeiris, under Dauid Nicholl; and that hir husband deit fra hir at Michaelmes wes ane [\yeir\] ; to quhome sche bur twa barnis in laidfull mariage; and sensyne sche hes born ane barne to Thomas Bell, ane puir vagabound beggar with ane hand, at Peasche last wes, in fornicatioun; and sche falslie discemblit and said that hir barne wes hir husbandis, and causis James Tailzeour, seyman in the Fischergait, hald up hir barn, and James Clerk and Andro Dikeson wes witnes, quhen Mr. Robert Wilkie baptizit hir barn in St. Leonardis kirk: and forder confessis and declaris that sche hes ane madin barne of sevin owkis auld in fostering with hir, and that the said # barne is Patrik Bonkillis barne, and that he geif hir ane mark of # silver to keip the barne; and that Jhone Maknair causit hir to pas with him to ane town, quhilk is Norther Faufeildis, quhair the barne wes borne; and thair, quhen sche and Jhone Maknair com, the mother of the barne wes sittand in ane mirk chalmer, with ane cursche ower hir eis, quha deliverit the barne to hir upon Lammes evin last wes, and prayit hir to do weill to the barne; and als declaris that Patrik Bonkle, Jhone Maknair and sche, being convenit at Patrikis desyre in Patrikis writing chalmer, Patrik thair aggret with hir to tak the barn in fostering, and

geif hir the said mark of silver; and eftir that sche hed ressavit the barne sche past with it to Coupar, quhair sche remanit xx dayis at Patrikis desyre, and that Patrik promist to caus tak the barne fra hir schortlie, and he said to hir # the barne wes ane gentill mannis barne in Lowtheane; and eftir sche hed remanit xx dayis in Coupar, and nather com Patrik nor send to hir to tak the barne fra hir, sche com agane to this citee with the barn, to seik mair support fra Patrik to sustein the barn: and being inquirit quhair sche wes mariit, sayis that Walter Jnnes minister mariit hir with Jhone # Thomsoun at the kirk of Leslie in the Garioche; and sayis that [\blank\] Cuthbert, gudwyffe of the hous, wes present in the # hous quhen sche ressavit the barne, and geif thame butter cheis and meit; and that Patrik Bonkle com to Jhone Segis hous to hir, and bad hir cum to his chalmer to him to aggre with hir; and Patrik send Jhone Caldwellis to hir to that effect, viij # dayis befoir the barn wes born. Jhone Maknair, being suorn and examinat, deponis, on his conscience, that he wes directit be Patrik Bonkle to pas to Norther Faufeld, to Androw Dikesonis hous, with Margret Philip, to ressaif ane barne new born in # the said Androwis hous; and that he ressavit fra Patrik for his panis ane Frensche testane; and that he saw ane woman quhilk wes sittand in ane chalmer, and knawis nocht the womannis name, nor yit the barnis father. Margret Philp also sayis that quhen sche ressavit the barn the mother thairof said to hir, The silver that Patrik Bonkle hes gevin yow is bot drink silver, he will pay yow honestle thairfor, and find the barne clathis! and that Patrik gef hir xiij s. iiij d. sen syne in the College Kirkzard, ane nicht at ix houris at evin, to pas furth of the town with the barn. The samyn day conperit Patrik Bonkill, common clerk of this citee, and, being examinat and chargit with the foirsaid dilatioun, if the barne be his or nocht and if the dilatioun be trew, declaris on his conscience the barne is nocht his barne, and that he nevir knew ony woman carnale sen he wes mariit bot his present mariit wyffe; and forder confessis that he, at desyre of ane gentill man, gef ane mark of silver to the said Margret Philp

to foster the barne, and that he knawis nocht the barnis mother; and that [\he\] sall do diligens to caus the barnis father conpeir befoir the sessioun upon Weddinsday cum aucht dayis, and confes the barne; and denyis the geving of ane testane to Jhone Maknair; and, being demandit to tell the gentill mannis name, presentle refusis. The session # nochtwithstanding ordanis him [\to\] conpeir Weddinsday nixttocum, and declair the gentill mannis name quha is the barnis father, and to caus him conpeir Weddinsday cum aucht dayis personale and confes the samyn, conforme to his promis; and ordanis Mr. William Russell balye, Mr. Jhone Scott, and Charlis Watsoun clerk, to pas this day with all diligens to Norther Faufeild, and examinat [\blank\] Cuthbert maidwyffe and Androw Dikeson, upon the said dilatioun. Quha, being examinat be thame the said day, deponis as followis: first, being inquirit if ony woman wes lichter in hir hous of ane barn sen Witsonday last wes, ansueris that ane ant hir awin, haifand hir gud man at the saill, com furth of Craill to hir and wes deliverit of ane barn, and thaireftir sche past hame agane to Craill; and, being inquirit of ony uther woman wes deliverit [\Deliver IN MS.\] of ony barnis in hir hous sen # Witsonday nor that, ansueris, Na. And than it being schawin to hir that ane woman, this day with Jhone Maknair present befoir the consall of the sessioun of St. Androus, declarit that thai at command of Pa. Bonkill ressavit ane madin barn fra hir furth of hir hous, than sche ansuer and confessis, Now I remember ane uther young woman, of xxvj yeiris of age or thairby, com to hir hous ane litill befoir Lammes last wes, and desyrt hir help for Goddis saik in hir birth, and that sche micht haif remaining with hir quhill sche suld be deliverit, # [\Deliver IN MS\] , quhilk sche willingle for Goddis saik consentit to; and that sche com to hir viij dayis befoir hir birth onle, and knawis nocht quhair fra sche com nor hir name, bot only thai call hir Cristene, and that sche buir ane madin barn in hir hous, quhilk is blauk harit; and that sche sperit nocht hir name, nor of hir # parentis and kinred, nor yit sperit sche tyme of hir birth quha wes the barnis father, nor quha send hir thair; and that sche remanit

with hir xx dayis, and than departit sowth ower to Lowtheane, quhair sche said the barnis father duelt; and, being inquirit # if Patrik Bonkill send hir thair, denyis the samyn. [} (\DIE MERCURII, XX=O= SEPTEMBRIS, 1592.\) }] The quhilk day, being appointit to Patrik Bonkill to # declair the mannis name quha aucht the barn that Margret Philp hes in fostring, he, being oftimes callit to that effect, laidfull # tyme of day biddin, conperit nocht. The quhilk day, George Gilcrist wobstar and Cathrin Kynnynmonth, adulteraris, remittit fra the Presbittrie to the sessioun to ressaif thair injunctionis. Thai ar ordanit be the sessioun to enter upon Sonday nixttocum, at the secund bell to sermone befoir none, and stand at the kirk dur to gidder cled in sek claith quhill the last bell to sermone be endit, # and thaireftir enter to gidder upon the hichest degre of the # penitent stuill, and sit in sek claith bair heddit quhill the sermone # and prayer be endit, and sa to continew ilk Sonday quhill the kirk be satisfeit. The quhilk day, Mungo Fortoun and Cristene Alane grantis thai haif gottin ane barne in adulterie, the said # Mungo being mariit with Jonet Mathesoun. Thai ar ordanit to conpeir befoir the Presbittrie to morn and ressaif thair injunctionis, and to conper agane befor the sesson this day aucht dayis. The quhilk day, Robert Williamsoun deakin oblissis him caution to produce testimoniall, that Thomas Traill and Marie Mortoun hes satisfeit for thair fornicatioun in the kirk of Kempbak - [\the bairn being\] gottin in the said parrochin and born in this citee - and that within viij dayis nixt eftir Mr. Dauid Monipeny minister of Kembak cum hame. The quhilk day, Allexis the Appoloniane, being warnit to this day to ansuer to the dilatioun gevin in aganis him be the minister, being oftimes callit and his personall warning # verefiit,

conperit nocht. The sessioun ordanit him to be warnit heirto the secund tyme, under [\pane of\] publict admonition. The quhilk day, Elspot Dauidsoun oblissis hir of hir awin fre will to be baneist this citee perpetuale, if evir sche # haif carnall daill heireftir with Henry Andersoun litstar on mariit; and is ordanit to satisfe Sonday nixttocum for the faltis ellis done. [} (\DIE VENERIS, PENULTIMO MENSIS SEPTEMBRIS, 1592.\) }] The quhilk day, Patrik Bonkill, for fulfilling of the desyre of the Act maid the xv of September instant, producis Alexander Bonkill personalie, sone to Eduard Bonkill in Kelso, present servand to Walter Ker of Litildane, and that he hes bein sen Witsonday last wes with him; and declaris that he wes in St. Androus at midsymmer wes ane yeir and nevir befoir, and ane uther tyme sen syne at Mertimes last wes, and now this is the thrid tyme that evir he wes heir; and that he duellis within the parrochin of Maxton and that Jhone Smyth is minister thairof, and that he sum tymes, hantis in the parrochin of Kelso, quhairof William Balfour is minister. And the barne quhilk Margret Philp hes in fostering, being in the consall hous in the said Alexander presens, it wes # sperit at him if the samyn barne wes his barne, ansueris, he knawis nocht; bot sayis he hes hed carnall daill with Issobell Sudderland, the barnis mother, and the first tyme that he hed to do with hir wes in Patrik Bonkillis writing chalmer, upon ane bed quhair he lay in the fluir, quhen sche com to mak the samyn, sche being in the meane tyme servand to Patrik Bonkll; and that sche wald nocht lett him, befoir he first maid hir promis of mariage; and diveris tymes about that samyn tyme of Mertimes, baith in Patrik writing chalmer and in the loft aboif his hall, for he remanit than xx dayis # with Patrik in this citee quietle.

And Patrik Bonkill now declaris that the barnis motheris name is Issobell Sudderland, bastard dochter to umquhill Dauid Sutherland, father bruther to his awin wyffe; and, being demandit if he knawis quhair sche is presentle, ansueris he knawis nocht bot belevis sche is with hir mother, namit [\blank\] Hair, duelling besyde Perth; and that hir mother hes ane bruther in Perth callit [\blank\] Hair sourdslipper. Patrik offeris him willinglie to do diligence to present the barnis mother upon Weddinsday the first day of November nixttocum. And the sessioun ordanis the said Alexander Bonkill to present the said barnis mother the said day, and Patrik and Alexander to be baith also present the samin day. [} (\DIE MERCURII, QUARTO OCTOBRIS, 1592\) }] Quhilk day, Alexis the Apoloniane, being accusit befoir the session for nocht keiping of the Sabboth day holy and nocht frequenting the sermonis, is decernit, he being in this town, # to keip the precheing or ellis to schaw ane ressonabill caus; and he, being furth of this town, salbe haldin to mak ansuer to # the sessioun, quhair he wes on the Sabboith day tyme of sermone heireftir. The quhilk day James Jak mariner grantis he hes gottin ane barne in fornicatioun with Sara Stevin. He is ordanit to satisfie conforme to the ordour. The quhilk day, Dauid Strang cordinar is ordanit to pay x s. for fornicatioun with Margret Scott, in part of pament of the Act, and to mak humiliatioun. [} (\DIE MERCURII, XVIIJ=O= OCTOBRIS, 1592.\) }] The quhilk day, Jonet Broun grantis hir with barne to Dauid Guidfallow, quhilk wes gottin at the Ruid Day last wes, in his fatheris malt barn. [\It is ordanit\] to warn Dauid to this day aucht dayis to ansuer, and Jonet to be present the said day. The quhilk day, Margret Gulen grantis hir with barn to

Mr. Alane Orm, quhilk wes gottin xx dayis eftir Witsonday last wes, in Beatrix Traillis chalmer in the clois, in the day tyme eftir none. The sessioun ordanit Mr. Alane Orm to be warnit, quhen he may be apprenhendit, to ansuer to the dilatioun. The quhilk day, Dauid Schort and Cristene Michell, being this day contractit, grantis thai haif committit fornicatioun befoir thair contract and sche is with barn to him. Thai ar ordanit to satisfie as fornicatouris befoir thair mariage. [} (\DIE MERCURII, XXV=TO= OCTOBRIS, 1592.\) }] Quhilk day, Agnes Reid grantis sche hes borne ane barne in fornicatioun to Thomas Moreis, quha also hes confessit the gatting thairof. Thai ar ordanit to satisfie for thair # offencis. This is tua sindry tymes Thomas hes offendit. He is ordanit to pay xlvj s. viij d., and to sitt tua dayis of the penitent stull.- The money is payit, and thai baith to mak # humiliatioun. [\THE LAST CLAUSE HAS BEEN ALTERED, HAVING # ORIGINALLY RUN: and thai haif baith maid humiliatioun.\] The quhilk day Dauid Guidfallow grantis that he hes gottin ane barne in fornicatioun with Jonet Broun. He hes payit four merkis for him and hir, in part of pament of the Act.- This iiij merkis is gevin to William Zuill for heling of tua # puir barnis. The quhilk day Jhone Carstairis maltman grantis he hes gottin ane barne in fornicatioun with Agnes Cragow. He is ordanit to satisfie for his offence, and hes payit iiij merkis # in part of pament of the Act for him and Agnes, and sche to be warnit to this day aucht dayis. The quhilk day Androw Sellar resavit fourty s. for his last yeiris fie. [} (\DIE MERCURII, PRIMO NOVEMBRIS, 1592.\) }] The quhilk day, being appointit to Alexander Bonkill to present Issobell Sutherland, with quhome he sayis he hes # gottin

ane barne in fornicatioun in Patrik Bonkllis hous in this # citee, and also the said Patrik to schaw quhat diligens he hes done for presenting of the said Issobell, that triall may be takin # of the barne quhilk sche hes born, and schatisfactioun [\Sic\] may # be maid for the offence; nochttheles, nather conperit the said Alexander nor yit the said Patrik to that effect. The sessioun ordanit Patrik Bonkill to be warnit heirto and to schaw his diligens this day aucht dayis. [} (\DIE DECIMO QUINTO NOVEMBRIS, 1592.\) }] The quhilk day, being appointit to Patrik Bonkill, to schaw quhat diligens he hes done in presenting of Issobell # Sutherland, quha hes born ane barn in fornicatioun to Alexander Bonkill as is allegit, conperit the said Patrik and maid certane allegeance for excusing of his diligens; bot becaus the # sessioun wes nocht fullie convenit thai ordanit Patrik, present, warnit (^ (\apud acta\) ^) , to conpeir befoir thame this day aucht # dayis to declair his diligence. The quhilk day, Elspot Mwrray grantis sche hes borne ane barne in fornicatioun to James Adamsoun, son to umquhill Mr. Patrik Adamsoun, quhilk wes gottin in the hiche chalmer in the said umquhill Mr. Patrikis ludgeing in St. Androus, aucht dayis befoir Candilmes last wes, and that sche hed oftimes to do with him. The sessioun ordanit the said James to be warnit to ansuer to the said dilatioun this day aucht dayis. The quhilk day, anent the bill of complant gevin be # Grissell Clapen upon Mr. Thomas Broun hir spous, makand mentioun that quhair thai haif bein laidfullie mariit and thairfor the said Mr. Thomas aucht and suld interteine hir and keip # cumpanie with hir in bed and buird, as becummis him of his dewete, nochttheles the said Mr. Thomas aganis all equite hes detenit and abstractit his persoun fra the said Grissell and # hir societe thir xxxvj owkis last bipast, and nather adheris to # hir in bed nor buird, nor gevis hir ony thing quhairon to sustein hir self and hir barne; bot he keipis cumpanie and societie

with Martha Ferny, Lady Kilquhis, nicht and day, to the great dishonour of God, the said Grissellis great displeasour, and sklander of this congregatioun, as the said bill producit # befoir the sessioun at mair lenth contenis. The sessioun ordanit Androw Sellar officiar to pas with all diligence [\to the # said Mr. Thomas to warn\] him to adheir to the said Grissell in bed and buird, as becummis ane mariit man with his wyffe, and if he failyeis, upon the said officiaris vereficatioun of his # warning, and the said Grissellis vereficatioun of his refusall, that he # be excommunicat Sonday nixttocum; and in the mane tyme to warn him to conpeir to ansuer befoir the sessioun this day aucht dayis. [} (\DIE MERCURII, XXIJ=O= NOVEMBRIS, 1592.\) }] The quhilk day, being appointit to Patrik Bonkill to schaw quhat diligens he hes done in presenting of Issobell # Sutherland, quha hes born ane barne as is allegit in fornicatioun to Alexander Bonkll, conperit the said Patrik, and declarit that he past to the said Issobell to Souther Fawfeild, and solistit # hir to conpeir befoir the sessioun to gif hir declaratioun in that mater as wes desyrit; bot sayis that the said Issobell refusit to conpeir, quhil sche wes advisit with hir freindis, becaus # sum membris of this session hed sklanderit hir in Perth, and that sche wes also sklanderit with the said Patrik him self; and # that he requestit hir maist ernestle to conpeir, bot sche refusit # for the causis foirsaid. The sessioun, being advisit with the said Patrikis ausuer, findis the diligens that he hes done nocht sufficient, and that his voluntar promis maid to the session to do diligens [\is\] sufficient to astrict him to do forder # diligens. Thairfor thai haif ordanit the said Patrik Bonkle to sers and seik quhair Issobell Sutherland is, and to caus hir conpeir befoir this sessioun and declair the treuth of the dilatioun; and, if sche refusis, to purches lettres of the Presbittrie or sessioun, quhair sche is and remanis, to caus hir conpeir, and to produce the said lettres execut to that effect this day xxj dayis.

The quhilk day, at the humill suit of Mwngo Fortoun, wobstar, adultrar with Cristene Alane, desirand the barne procreat betuix thame to be baptizit, the session ordanit the barne to be baptizit, he first findand sufficient cautioun, # under pane of fourty lib, to satisfie the kirk for his adulterie.

[} (\DIE VIIJ DECEMBRIS, 1594.\) }] The quhilk day, Robert Wilsoun plew wricht is decernit to mak publict humiliatioun in sek claith, to witt, to stand Sonday nixttocum fra [\At IN MS.\] the secund bell to sermone # quhill the thrid bell be cessit at the kirk dur; and thaireftir to sitt # on ane stuill befoir the pulpeit, with ane papir about his heid, bering his falt writin thairin, to witt, that he hes kepit his barn xiiij owkis on baptizit, quhill the samyn decessit without

baptisme.-The said Robert satisfeit this decret in all thingis. The quhilk day, it is verefiit and provin befoir the # sessioun that James Keingzo officiar, being mariit with Jonet Hendersoun his laidfull spous, hes committit the filthie vice of adulterie with Elspott Eviott spous to Thomas Wilsoun. And thairfor the said James, be decrete of the sessioun, wes jokit, cartit and that throw the haill streitis of the town, # and cariit to the North Hauche of this citee, the haill scolaris # and utheris, ane grea[{t{] multitude of pepill, upon Mononday ane merkat day, being his convoy, casting rottin eggis filth and glar at him, wes at last dowkit ower the heid diveris tymes. And this wes also done be vertew of ane decrete of ane # condigne assyis, ordourlie led aganis him, for the said filthie vice of adulterie. He is also decern[{it{] to be banisit the boundis of this citee, in the will and optioun of the magistratis, # conforme to the Actis of Parliament and utheris actis maid in this citee. The sessioun hes also ordanit the said James to stand at the kirk dur, beir heddit and beir futtit, ilk # precheing da[{y{] tyme of sermone, fra the secund bell quhill the last bell to sermon, in seclaith; and thaireftir to enter on the hichest degre of the penitent stuill, and sitt quhill the # sermone and blessing be gevin, and to cum ilk tyme to the catichisme, and sa to continew quhill the kirk be satisfeit. The quhilk day, Thomas Lummisdane, son to Alexander Lummisdane, James Robertson masoun, William Nicholsoun, Thomas Dalgleis, Patrik Cuik flescheour, being callit and convict befoir the session for nicht walking and extraordinar drinking, ar decernit, with thair awin consentis, and oblist, # if evir thai or ony of thame salbe fund heireftir nicht walkaris # or extraordinar drinkaris, to pay xl s. for the first falt to the # box of the puir; and sa oft as thai or ony of thame sall fall in # the saidis vices heireftir to pay xx s. mair nor the xl s. for ilk # falt, to be extendit so oft as ony of thame failyeis to the box of # the puir unforgevin.

The quhilk day, the sessioun hes ordanit and decernit Arthour Miln couper deakin and Androw Cuik flescheour, for thair misbehaveour, and unreverend spichis and langege in sessioun, to sitt upon ane stuill befoir the pulpeit the haill tyme of sermone Sonday nixttocum; and thaireftir thai to ask God mercy, the haill sessioun and congregatioun forgifnes: and if thai or ony of thame fallis in the lyke falt heireftir, he # that failyeis to sitt half ane yeir upoun the penitent stuill in # sek claith, &c.- Thai haif maid humiliatioun publict for thair offence conforme [\to\] this decrete. [} (\DIE NONO MARTII, 1594.\) }] The quhilk day, the sessioun with the advis of the # magistratis hes decernit Thomas Monipenny to [\To be to IN MS.\] morne, # quhilk is Mononday the tent of Marche instant, for his adulterie with Cathrin Hucheoun, to be joggit, cartit, and dowkit, and thaireftir to satisfie the kirk be publict humiliatioun conforme to the # actis. -Thomas wes joggit, cartit and dowkit in the sey, conforme to this decrete. The quhilk day, Jhone Crummy smyth, Thomas Kilgour wobstar and Andro Mortoun, ar convict for being fra sermone upon Sonday eftir none; and thairfor thai ar ordanit to be poindit, conforme to the actis, be the magistrat[\is\] . [} (\DIE XIX=O= MARTII, 1594.\) }] The quhilk day, James Cristie is ordanit to mak publict humiliatioun, for sklandering of the congregatioun in fechting with James Philp. - Quhilk he did in deid. The quhilk day, it is concludit be the sessioun that na # persoun be contractit heireftir in mariage, onles thai can say the Lord his Prayar, Belef, and Ten Commandimentis; and if ony persoun present thame selfis quha can nocht say the samyn, the persoun failyeing to pay xl s. to the box of the puir. [} (\DIE PENULTIMO MARTII, 1595.\) }] The quhilk day, Jhone Zoung wrycht is callit and accusit # for

dinging of Margret Steill his spous, conperit and denyis the samyn. The session statut to preif the samyn Weddinsday nixttocum. [} (\DIE SECUNDO MENSIS APRILIS, 1595.\) }] The quhilk day, Jhone Smyth mercheand callit befoir the sessioun for dinging of Jonet Guidlaid his spous, and # misbehaving of hir, to the dishonour of God and sklander of the congregatioun, he conperit and confessis the samyn. The sessioun ordanit him to pay thre lib. to the box of the puir, and [\he\] is obleist of his awin consent, if evir he do the # lyke offence to his wyffe heireftir, to pay to the box of the puir ten l~i. saoft as he transgressis, unforgevin.- Jhone payit xx # s. instantlie in part of pament of the thre l~i. [} (\DIE NONO APRILIS, 1595.\) }] The quhilk day, it is concludit be the sessioun that James Martine of Lathonis mak humiliatioun, for his tuois relapis in fornicatioun, conforme to the ordour, and to begyn Sonday nixttocum upon the penitent stuill, and also Sonday cum aucht dayis, to be than ressavit, providing that he first satisfie # [\Satisfue IN MS\] the civile magistrat for his offencis conforme to the Act of # Parliament.- James Martin maid publict humiliatioun, and payit ane pecuniall sowme for his impressoment, conforme to the decrete. [} (\DIE XVJ=TO= APRILIS, 1595.\) }] The quhilk day, Agnes Smyth, spous to Alexander Scharpe, being fund giltie and convict for abstracting hir persoun fra the kirk and hering of God his Word, is decernit Sonday nixttocum, tyme of sermone or eftir, befoir none, quhen sche beis requirit be the minister, to [\And IN MS\] ask God # forgifnes and the haill congregatioun; and if evir sche beis fund giltie in the lyke heireftir to pay xx s., saoft as sche transgressis, to # the box

of the puir, conforme to the Act of Parliament.- Agnes Smyth maid publict humiliatioun conforme to this decrete. The samyn day, Alexander Scharpe baxter is decernit for blaspheme, spokin aganis God the ministeris and magistratis, and for making watter unreverendle in the kirk, to cum Sonday nixttocum upon the hichest degre of the penitent stuill, cled # in sek claith, and sitt thair the haill tyme of sermone befoir # none and prayaris, and thaireftir to cum down befoir the pulpleit, # [\Sic\] and ask God the ministrie magistratis and haill congregatioun forgifnes. - The said Alexander Scharp satisfeit this decrete # in all thingis. The quhilk day, Androw Sellar, officiar to the sessioun, being callit accusit and convict for his ungodlie and # unreverend behaveour and spiches in sessioun, is decernit to sitt Sonday nixttocum, tyme of sermone, befoir none, cled in sek claith, upon ane stuill befoir the pulpoit, and thaireftir ask God the haill sessioun and congregatioun forgifnes. -Androw Sellar satisfeit this decrete conforme to the tenour thairof. The quhilk day, Androw Chaiplane is decernit to conpeir Sonday nixttocum in the kirk, quhen he beis callit upon, and mak humiliatioun for dinging of James Cristie, and skorning of Jhone Wod ane agit elder of the sessioun.- The said Androw obeyit this decret and satisfeit the samyn. [} (\DIE QUARTO MENSIS MAII, 1595.\) }] The quhilk day, Alesoun Downy, Bessy Miller, Beigis # Watsoun, and Cathrine Geddy, maidwyffis, being [\Be IN MS.\] callit and # conperand befoir the sessioun, ar commmandet, quhen thai or ony of thame beis chargit to be maidwyffis to ony woman tyme of hir birth, that thai speir at the woman with barne diligentle quha is the barnis father; and if the barne beis nocht gottin in laidfull marage, that thai incontinent signifie the samyn # to the ministeris elderis and deaconis of the kirk, under pane of xl s., with thair awin consent, to the box of the puir. The quhilk day, Robert Donalsoun and Margret Masoun ar decernit to pay xl s., for nocht reveling of the barne born in

thair hous be Jonet Masoun, gottin in adultrie be Jhone Beatoun of Pitlochie, and als to mak publict humiliatioun.- Robert Donalsoun and Margret Masoun maid publict humiliatioun, and payit xl s. conforme to this decrete. The quhilk day, Jhone Smart, Alexander Zoung, and Thomas Andersoun, milleris, ar ilk ane decernit to pay xx s. to the puiris box, for caring leidis on the Sabboth day, and # to satisfe publicle, &c. -Thai haif maid humiliatioun, bot the money is nocht payit as yit. [} (\DIE XXV=TO= MAII, 1595.\) }] The quhilk day, Cathrin Gilruif is decernit upon Sonday nixttocum to ask God and the congregatioun forgifnes, for nocht cuming to the communioun and refusing to be reconcelit with Margret Oliphant. -Quhilk Cathrin hes satisfeit the decrete. The samyn day, Androw Wrycht is admonisit to keip his hous clein from drunkattis and cumpanie in drinking, on the Sabboth day, and utheris dayis tyme of sermone. [} (\DIE DECIMO QUINTO JUNII, 1595.\) }] The quhilk day, conperit Elene Hammilton, dochter to umquhill Mr. Robert [\Robet IN MS.\] Hammilton, and eftir lang # proces and oft denyall at last grantis sche [\Sch IN MS.\] hes borne ane # madin barne in fornicatioun to umquhill Mr. Robert [\Robet IN MS.\] Hammilton, # minister sum tyme of Kennowy, and that the barne wes born deid. The sessoun and magistratis ordanit hir to pay vj l~i., in part of pament of the Act for hir impressoment, and to mak publict humiliatioun conforme to the ordour.

[} (\DIE XVIIJ=TO= MENSIS JUNII, 1595.\) }] The quhilk day, anent the bill of sklander gevin in befoir the sessioun be Robert Narne tailyeour aganis Arthour Miln, bering the said Arthour [\THE WORDS bering the said Arthour ARE # REPEATED IN MS.\] to haif callit the said Robert mansworn and perjurit; the said bill being sufficientle verefiit and provin, the sessioun remittit the said Arthour to the civile magistratis, Provest and bailyeis of this citee, requesting # thame to putt this mater to the knawlege of ane assyis, that Arthour may be punisit thairfor conforme to the lawis; and thaireftir he to satisfie the kirk and be censsorit thairfor, conforme to the Word of God and act of the kirk. The quhilk day, William Muffett bailye is electit # commissioner to pas to the nixt Generall Assemblie, to be haldin at Montrois the xxiiij of Junii instant. [} (\DIE SECUNDO JULII, 1595.\) }] The quhilk day, Cathrin Andersoun, dochter to Thomas Andersoun and Effe Broun, being accusit for banning of hir father and mother, grantis sche said to hir father, The devill tak yow away! and said to hir mother, The devill stik hir! and sche, being commandit be hir mother to do ane honest turn, ansuerit, The devill ane futt will I do it! The session ordanit the father and mother, with thair dochter, all # togidder upon Sonday nixttocum, to sitt on ane stuill befoir the # pulpeit, [\Sonday nixttocum IS HERE REPEATED IN MS.\] and ask God and the congregatioun forgifines; and, if thai tak nocht better ordour with thame selfis and thair barnis, to be banisit the boundis of this citee. -The father mother and dochter hes satisfeit conforme to this decrete. [} (\DIE XJ=O= JULII, 1595.\) }] The quhilk day, George Dog flescheour is decernit to sitt # on the penitent stuill, cled in seck claith, four Sabboth dayis # tyme of sermonis, for sklander gevin to the congregatioun in # fechteing

with Jhone Wobstar and schedding of his bluid, and to begyn Sonday nixttocum.- The said George hes satisfeit conforme to this decrete. [} (\DIE XXIIIJ=TO= AUGUSTI, 1595.\) }] The quhilk day, William Geddy is callit and admonisit to behaif him self in all tymes cuming godly and honestlie, # alsueill in his familie with his wyffe and barnis, as [\HAS BEEN and.\] # in uthers places, and to keip the kirk and sermonis, that he be nocht sklandrowis in the congregatioun, under pane of censsouris of the kirk. [} (\DIE SECUNDO MENSIS SEPTEMBRIS, 1595.\) }] The quhilk day, it is decernit be the haill sessioun with # ane voce that Stevin Philp, Dane of Gild, for his unreverend speiking without licence in sessioun, and for his misbehaveour to Schir George Dowglas and to the Rectour and haill session; and it is fund that the said Stevin hes transgressit the Act # maid in this buik the viij of Januar 1594, and thairfor ordanis him to pay the sowne of ten l~i., contenit in the said Act, to the box of the puir; and to ask God the said Schir George, Rector, and haill sessoun forgifnes; and if evir he be offencive agane to the sessioun in the lyke cais, to be removit [\Remoit IN # MS.\] fra the session, as ane nocht worthie to be ane membir thairof.- The said Stevin mad humiliatioun as said is. The quhilk day, it is concludit and aggreit upon be the # haill sessioun, that na member of the sessioun heireftir sall oppone aganis [\the\] form of the discipline of the kirk ressavit and observit in this kirk, and quha dois in the contrar salbe removit from sessioun and deposit fra the samyn. [^CRIMINAL TRIALS IN SCOTLAND, 1488-1624. ED. ROBERT PITCAIRN. VOL. I, PART II-III. BANNATYNE CLUB. EDINBURGH AND LONDON 1833. SAMPLE 1: I,ii, PP. 49.26-58.26 SAMPLE 2: I,iii, PP. 207.2.-209.7 SAMPLE 3: I,iii, PP. 244.20-247.21 SAMPLE 4: I,iii, PP. 249.21-257.6^]

[}NOV. 8.- ELIZABETH OR BESSIE DUNLOP, SPOUS TO ANDRO JAK IN LYNE.}]

[^EDITOR'S COMMENTS OMITTED^]

Dilatit of the vsing Sorcerie, Witchcraft, and # Incantatioune, with Invocatioun of spretis of the devill; continewand in familiaritie with # thame, at all sic tymes as sche thocht expedient; deling with charmes, and # abusing the peple with devillisch craft of sorcerie foirsaid, be the meanis # eftir specefeit; vsit thir diuerse yeiris bypast; specialie, at the tymes and in maner # following. In the first, That fforsamekle as the said Elizabeth being # demandit, be quhat art and knaulege sche culd tell diuerse persounes of thingis # thai tynt, or wer stollin away, or help seik persounes? Ansuerit and declarit, # that sche hirself had na kynd of art not science swa to do; bot diuerse tymes, quhen # onye sic persounes come ather to hir, sche wald inquire at ane Thome Reid, quha # deit at Pinkye, as he himselff affirmit; wha wald tell hir, quhen euir # sche askit. - (2) ITEM, Sche being inquirit, quhat kynd of man this Thom # Reid was? Declarit, he was ane honest wele elderlie man, gray bairdit, and had ane # gray coitt with Lumbart slevis of the auld fassoun; ane pair of gray brekis # and quhyte schankis, gartanit abone the kne; ane blak bonet on his heid, cloise # behind and plane befoir, with silkin laissis drawin throw the lippis thairof; and ane # quhyte wand in his hand . - (3) ITEM, Being interrogat, how and in quhat maner # of place the said Thome Reid come to hir? Ansuerit, as sche was gangand betuix # hir awin hous and the yard of Monkcastell, dryvand hir ky to the pasture, # and makand hevye fair dule with hir self, gretand verrie fast for hir kow that # was deid, hir husband and chyld, that wer lyand seik in the land ill, and sche new # rissine out of gissane.

The foirsaid Thom mett hir be the way, healsit hir, and said, # 'Gude day, Bessie;' and sche said, 'God speid yow, gudeman." ' (^Sancta Marie^) ,' # said he, 'Bessie, quhy makis thow sa grit dule and fair greting for ony wardlie # thing? Sche ansuerit,' Allace! haif I nocht grit caus to mak grit dule? # ffor our geir is trakit; and my husband is on the point of deid, and ane babie of my # awin will nocht leve; and myself at ane waik point; haif I nocht gude caus # thane to haif ane sair hart? Bot Thom said, 'Bessie, thow hes crabit God, and # askit sum thing you suld nocht haif done; and, thairfoir, I counsell thee to # mend to him: for I tell thee thy barne sall die, and the seik kow, or yow cum # hame; thy twa scheip sall de to: bot thy husband sall mend, and be als haill and # feir as euir he was.' And than was I sumthing blyther, fra he tauld me that my # gudeman wald mend. Than Thome Reid went away fra me, in throw the yard of # Monkcastell; and I thocht he gait in at ane naroware hoill of the dyke nor ony # erdlie man culd haif gane throw; and swa I was sumthing fleit. This was the first # tyme that Thom and Bessie forgadderit - (4.) ITEM, The third tyme, he apperit # to hir, as sche was gangand betuix hir awin hous and the Thorne of Damwstarnok, # quhair he tareit ane gude quhyle with hir, and sperit at hir, 'Gif sche # wald nocht trow in him? Sche said, 'Sche wald trow in ony bodye did her gude.' # And Thom promeist hir bayth geir, horsis, and ky, and vthir graith, gif scho # wald denye hir Christindome, and the faith sche tuke at the funt-stane. # Quhairvnto sche ansuerit, 'That gif sche suld be revin at horis-taillis, sche suld # neuir do that; bot promeist to be leill and trew to him in onye thing sche culd # do. And forder, he was sumthing angrie with hir that [\sche\] wald nocht grant # to that quhilk he spak. - (5) ITEM, The ferd tyme he apperit in hir awin hous to # hir, about the xij hour of the day, quhair thair was sittand thre # tail+geouris, and hir awin gudeman; and he tuke hir apperoun and led hir to the dure with him, and # sche followit, and +geid vp with him to the kill-end, quhair he forbaid hir to # speik or feir for onye thing sche hard or saw; and quhene thai had gane # ane lytle pece fordwerd, sche saw twelf persounes, aucht wemene and four men: # The men wer

cled in gentilmennis clething, and the wemene had all plaiddis # round about thame, and wer verrie semelie lyke to se; and Thomas was with # thame: And demandit, Gif sche knew ony of thame? Ansuerit, Nane, except Thom. # Demandit, What thai said to hir? Ansuerit, Thai baid hir sit doun, and # said.' Welcum, Bessie, will thow go with ws? Bot sche ansuerit nocht; becaus # Thom had forbidden hir. And forder declarit, That sche knew nocht quhat # purpois thai had amangis thaime, onlie sche saw thair lippis move; and # within a schort space thai pairtit all away; and ane hiddeous vglie sowche of wind # followit thame: and sche lay seik quhill Thom came agane bak fra thame. - (6) # ITEM, Sche being demandit, Gif sche sperit at Thom quhat persounes thai war? # Ansuerit, That thai war the gude wychtis that wynnit in the Court of Elfame; # quha come thair to desyre hir to go with thame: And forder, Thom desyrit hir # to do the sam; quha ansuerit, 'Sche saw na proffeit to gang thai kynd of # gaittis, vnles sche kend quhairfor!' Thom said,' Seis thow nocht me, baith meit-worth, # claith-worth, and gude aneuch lyke in persoun; and [\he?\] suld make hir far # better nor euer sche was? Sche ansuerit,' That sche duelt with hir awin # husband and bairnis, and culd nocht leif thame.' And swa Thom began to be verrie # crabit with hir, and said," Gif swa sche thocht, sche wald get lytill gude of # him. - (7) INTERROGAT, Gif sche had socht ony thing at Thom to help hir self, or ony # vthir with? Ansuerit, That quhen sundrie persounes cam to hir to seik # help for thair beist, thair kow or yow, or for ane barne that was tane away with ane # evill blast of wind, or elf-grippit, sche gait and sperit at Thom, Quhat # mycht help thame? And Thom wald pull ane herb, and gif hir out of his awin hand; # and baid hir scheir the samin with onye vthir kynd of herbis, and oppin the # beistis mouth, and put thame in; and the beist wald mend. - (8) ITEM, Thom # gaif hir, out of his awin hand, ane thing lyke the rute of ane beit, and baid # hir owthir seith, and mak ane saw of it, or ellis dry it, and mak pulder of it, # and gif it to seik persounes, and thai suld mend. Interrogat, How sche knew the # samin wald haill? Declarit, That sa son as sche rubbit the saw vpoun the # patient, man or woman, or chyld, and it drank in, the chyld wald mend; bot gif # it swat out, the persoun wald die. - (9) ITEM, Demandit, To whom sche applyit # that kynd of medecine? Ansuerit, That sche mendit Johne Jakis barne, and # Wilsounes of

the toun, and hir gudeman-sisteris kow: Thre tymes Thom gaif # hir sic ane herb out of his awin hand. And demandit, To quhom sche applyit the # powder in drink? Declarit, That the Ladye Johnestoune, elder, send to # hir ane seruand of the said ladies, callit Catherine Dunlop, to help ane young # gentill woman, hir dochter, now mareit on the young Lard of Stanelie; and I thairvpoun # askit ounsall [^counsall^] at Thom. And he said to me, 'that hir seiknes was ane cauld # blude, that gaid about hir hart, that causit hir to dwam and vigous away; # and Thom baid hir tak ane pairt of ginger, clowis, annetsedis, licorese, and sum # stark aill, and seith thame togidder, and schyre it, and put it in ane veschell, and # tak ane lytill quantetie of it in ane mutchekin cane, and sum quhyte sucker cassin # amang it; tak and drink thairof ilk day, in the morning; gang ane quhyle eftir, # befoir meit; and sche wald be haill. Interrogat, Quhair sche gaif the gentill # woman the drink? Ansuerit, In hir awin sisteris hous, the young Ladye # Blakhallis. Demandit, Quhat sche gat for hir doing? Declarit, Ane pek of meill and # sum cheise. - (10) ITEM, Demandit, Gif ony vther persounes had bene at hir for # the lyke caus? Declarit, That the Lady Kilbowye, elder, send for hir, and # desyrit to se gif sche culd mak hir ony help for hir leg, that was cruikit; quha # promeist ansuer, sa sone as sche had spokin with Thom; but Thom said, 'Sche wald # neuir mend; becaus the merch of the bane was consumit, and the blude # dosinit; and gif sche socht onye forder help, it wald be war with hir! - (11.) ITEM, # Sche being demandit, Gif sche culd do onye gude to ony wemene that wer in travell # of thair chyld-bed-lare? Ansuerit, That sche culd do nathing, quhill # sche had first spokin with Thom; quha layit doun to hir ane grene silkin # laise, out of his awin hand, and baid hir tak it to thair wylie coittis, and knit # about thair left arme; and incontinent the seik woman suld be deliuer. Bot the said # laise being layit anis doun be Thom, sche culd neuir apprehend it, and maid grit # seking thairfoir. Item, Declarit, That quhen hirself was lyand in chyld-bed-lair # of hir last laid, Thom come to hir, in hir awin hous, and bad hir 'tak ane gude # hart to hir, for nathing suld aill hir. - (12) INTERROGAT, Gif sche culd tell of # ony thing that was away, or ony thing that was to cum? Ansuerit, That sche # culd do nathing hir selff, bot as Thom tald hir: And farder declarit, That mony # folkis in the

countre [\came to hir?\] to gett witt of geir stollin fra # thame. Demandit, Quhat persounes thai wer? Ansuerit, The Ladye Thirdpairt, in the # barronye of Renfrew, send to hir, and sperit at her, Quha was it that had stollin # fra hir twa hornis of gold, and ane croune of the sone, out of hir pyrse? # And, eftir sche had spokin with Thom, within xx dayis, sche send hir word quha had # thame; and sche gat thame agane. Item, James Cwninghame, chalmerlane of # Kilwinning, come to hir about sum beir that was stollin furth of the barne # of Cragance; and sche tald him quhar it was; and he gat it agane. Item, The # Ladye Blaire sundrie tymes had spokin with her, about sum claise that was stollin # fra hir; ane pair of stemming hoise, ane pair of scheittis, ane codwair, # lynning claithis, sarkis and seruiettis, ffor the quhilkis sche dang and wrackit hir # awin seruandis; bot Thom tauld hir, 'That Margret Symple, hir awin friend and # seruand, had stollin thame.' Item, Being demandit of Williame Kyle, burges of # Irrvin, as he was cumand out of Dumbartane, quha was the steillar of Hew # Scottis cloik, ane burges of the sam toun? Thom ansuerit,'That the cloik wald # nocht be gottin; because it wane [\ware?\] tane away be Malye Boyde, duellare in # the sam toun, and was put out of the fassoun of ane cloik, in ane kirtill: # and albeit, ye said Williame had promeist that sche suld nocht be trublit for the # declaratioun of the samin; yit, sa sone as sche com to the mercat of Irrvin, sche # was put in the tolbuyth and strukin; bot was relevit be James Blair, brothir to # Williame Blair of the Strand. - (13.) ITEM, Demandit, (Gif sche had been applyit # to?) be Henrie Jamesoun and James Baird in the Manys of Watterstoun, to get # thame knawlege quha had stollin thair plew-irnis, fittick and musell? # Declarit,' sche suld gif thame ansuer sa sone as sche had spokin with Thom; quha # schew hir that Johne Blak and George Blak, smythis, had stollin the samin; # and that the cowtir and sok wer lyand in his awin hous, betuix ane mekle ark and # ane grit kist:' And forder said, 'That quhen thai com thair to the ryping, # thai suld nocht find thame; becaus that Jame Dowgall, sheriffs officiar, quha # than presentlie was with thame, suld ressaif thre pundis for the conceling of # thame; for the quhilk caus also, sche was apprehendit be the saidis smythis, # and brocht to my Lord of Glasgow. - (14) INTERROGAT, Quhow sche kennit that # this man was Thome Reid, that deit at Pinkye? Ansuerit, Sche neuir knew him # quhen he was on lyfe; bot that sche suld nocht dout that it was he bad # hir gang to Thom Reid, his sone,. now officiare in his place, to the Lard of # Blair, and to certain vtheris his kynnismen and freindis thair, quhom he namit; and # baid thame restoir certane guidis, and mend vthir offencis that had done; and # that it was

he that send thame word thairof: # 'Remember........................that quhen he and he went togidder to the blak Settirday; and that # the said ...... .....................wald haif bene ane vther gait; he drew # him be the Kirk of Dalrye, and thair cost ane pund of feggis and gaif him, and # put thame in his naipkin; and sa thai went togidder, quhill thai com to the # feild. - (15) ITEM, Interrogat, Gif Thom, at his awin hand, had send to ony # persoun, to schaw thame thingis to cum? Declarit, That he send hir to na # creatour in middilyerd, bot to Williame Blair of the Strand, and his eldest dochter, # quha was contractit and schortlie to be mareit with........ Crawfurd, young Lard # of Baidland, and declair vnto thame, 'That gif sche mareit that man, sche # suld aythir die ane schamefull deid, slay hir self, cast hirself doun our # ane craig, or ga reid-wod; quhairbye the said mareage was stayit; and the lard foirsaid # mareit hir youngest suster. Tryit to be of veritie. - (16.) INTERROGAT, # Quhat sche thocht of the new law? Ansuerit, That sche had spokin with Thom # about that mater; bot Thom ansuerit, That this new law was nocht gude; # and that the auld ffayth suld cum hame agane, but nocht sic as it was # befoir. - Interrogat, Gif euir sche had bene in suspect place with Thom, or had # carnell deill with him? Declarit nocht vpoun hir saluatioun and condemnatioun; # bot anis he tuke hir be the aproun, and wald haif had hir gangand with him to # Elfame - (17.) ITEM, Interrogat, Quhat tyme of the day or nycht he # maist resortit to hir? Ansuerit, That at the twelft hour of the day was his commoune # appearing. - (18.) Interrogat, Gif sche had sene him gangand vp and doun # the warld? Declarit, That anis sche saw him gangand in the kirkyard of Dalrye, # amangis the people. (19.) Demandit, Giff sche spak onye thing to him? # Ansuerit, Na, becaus he had forbiddin hir, that, quhair euir sche saw him, or mett # with him, sche suld neuir speik to him, vnles he spak to hir first. # Item, sche saw him gangand vp and doun on the gait of Edinburgh, vpoun ane mercat day, # quhair he leuch vpoun hir, and gaid vp and doun amangis the peple, and put his # handis to the lavis, as vthir folk did. - (20.) INTERROGAT, Gif sche neuir # askit the questioun at him, Quhairfoir he com to hir mair [\than\] to ane vthir # bodye? Ansuerit, Remembring hir, quhen sche was lyand in chyld-bed-lair, with ane of hir # laiddis,

that ane stout woman com in to hir, and sat doun on the forme # besyde hir, and askit ane drink at hir, and sche gaif hir; quha alsua tauld # hir, that that barne wald de, and that hir husband suld mend of his seiknes. The # said Bessie ansuerit that sche remembrit wele thairof; and Thom said, That was the # Quene of Elfame his maistres, quha had commandit him to wait vpoun # hir, and to do hir gude. - (21.) INTERROGAT, Gif euir sche had spokin with him # at ane loich and wattir-syde? Ansuerit, Neuir save anis that sche had gane # afeild with hir husband to Leith, for hame bringing of mele, and ganging # afeild to teddir hir naig at Restalrig-loch, quhair thair come ane cumpanye of # rydaris by, that maid sic ane dynn as heavin and erd had gane togidder; and # incontinent, thai raid in to the loich, with mony hiddous rumbill. Bot Thom # tauld, It was the gude wichtis that wer rydand in Middil-zerd. - (22.) # INTERROGAT, Quhene sche spak last with Thom? Declarit, On the morne eftir # Candilmes-day lastwas, quhair sche spak with him, and he tauld hir of the evill # weddir that was to cum. - (23.) INTERROGAT, Gif sche neuir sperit, quhat truble suld # cum to hir for his cumpanye? Declarit, That sche wald be trublit thairfoir; bot # baid hir seik ane assyis of hir nychtbouris, and no thing suld aill hir:- # fforder declarit, that sche suld be brocht to Glasgw, and sche come in the Bischopis # handis, sche wald be wele treit, and send hame agane. - (24.) ITEM, the said Bessie # declaris, that the Lard of Auchinskeyth is rydand with the ffair-folk, albeit he # deit ix +geir syne. (\APUD\) (^Dalkeyth^) , xx=mo= (^Septembris, anno^) 1576. # - (25.) BESSYE DUNLOP being re-examinat, in presence of the Lard of Quhittinghame and # George Auchinlek of Balmanno, and being inquirit, Quhow oft Thom Reid come to # hir, or sche inquirit quhow thai callit him? Deponis, That he com thryis, # and that sche had na power at na tyme, to try or tell ony vthir, in the # menetyme, of his cuming. He requirit hir sundrie tymes to pas with him, and becaus sche # refusit, he schuke his heid, and said that he suld caus hir forthink it. Deponis # forder, that sche has spokin with him at diuerse tymes, be the space of four # +geiris. - (26.) BEING inquirit anent the pleuch-irnis, stollin fra Henrie Jamesoun # and James Baird, depones, That sche inquirit at Thom Reid, quha declarit to # hir, that Gabriell Blak and Geordie Blak in Lokarsyde staw thame, and brocht # thame to thair faderis hous, namit Johnne Blak, vpoun ane cuttit gray horse, # on ane Setterday, in the nycht; quhilk sche tauld agane to the saidis Henrye # Jamesoun and James

Baird. - (27.) ITEM, deponis that four +geir syne, or thairbye, # sche saw the Laird of Auchinskeyth, at a thorne, beyond Monkcastell; quhilk # Lard deit mair nor fyve +geir syne. Thaireftir, sche, at the desyre of the # Ladye Auchinskeyth, inquirit at Thom Reid, Giff sic ane mann was amangis thame? # Quha ansuerit, That he was amangis thame. [^A LIST OF NAMES OMITTED.^] VERDICT. And immediatlie efter the chesing and swering of # the saidis persones of Assyis, as vse is, the said Elizabeth Dunlop, being on # pannell, accusit be dittay oppinlie red in jugement, of the crymes aboue writtin; # the samin persounes removit thame selffis furth of Court, and altogidder conuenit, # and ressownit on the pointis of the said dittay; and being rypelie awysit # thairwith, and resoluit thairin; re-enterit agane to the said Court of Justiciarie, and # thair, in presence of the said Justice Depute, be thair deliuerance, # pronunceit and declarit be the mouth and speking of Andro Craufurd of Baithleme, ffand # and deliuerit the said Elizabeth Dunlop, to be culpable fylit and convict, # off the haill pointis aboue writtin, and of vsing of Witchecraft, Sorcerie, and # Incantatioun, with Inuocatioun of spreittis of the devill, continewand in familiaritie with # thame at all tymes, as sche thocht expedient, and thairbye deling with # charmes, and abusing the peple, with hir devillische craft of sorcerie foirsaid, be # the meanis aboue specefeit. Sentence. 'Conuict, and brynt.'

[}AUG.18. - BESSIE ROY, NURREYCH TO THE LAIRD OF BOQUHANE.}] Dilatit of the poyntis of Wichcraft following. Persewaris,..... Leslie, eldar of Wairdes, Mr. Williame and # George Lesleis his sones, Mr Dauid M=c=Gill Cranstoun-Rydell, Aduocatt to our souerane lord, for # his hienes intres. DITTAY (^aganis Bessie Roy.^) BESSIE ROY, in Fetterneir, seruand to the Laird of # Boquhane; Ye ar indytit and accusit, that quhair, ye, beand duelland with Williame # King in Barra, be the space of tuel yeiris syne or thairby, and haifing past to the # feild to pluk lint with vthir wemen, in presens of thame maid ane compas in the # eird, and ane hoill in the middis thairof: And thaireftir, by thy # conjuratiounes, thow causit ane grit worme cum fyrst out of the said hoill, and creip # owre the compase; and nixt ane lytill worme, quhilk crap owre also; and last, causit # ane grit worme cum furth, quhilk could nocht pas owre the compas, nor cum out # of the hoill, bot fell doune and deit: Quhilk inchantment and Wichcraft thow # interpreit in this forme:- That the fyrst grit worme that crap owre the # compas, was the Guid-man, Williame King, quha sould leve; and the lytill # worme, was ane barne in the Guid-wyffes wamb, quhilk wes vnknawin to ony # manne that sche was with barne; and that the barne sould leve; and thrydlie, # the last grit worme thow interpreit to be the Guid-wyffe, quha sould die: # Quhilk com to pas eftir thy speiking, quhow sone sche wes delyuerit of the # said barne. And this is manifest to the haill countrey; quhilk thow can nocht # deny. - ITEM, Ye ar indytit and accusit, for away taking, be Wichcraft, of ane # puir womanis milk, callit Bessie Steill, quha cam to Williame Kingis hous in # Bairoch, seking almes; and haifing sittin doune besyd the fyre, to gif hir barne # souk, thow in the meane tyme, being ane nurrisch thy selff, and persawing the puir # woman to haif mair abundance of milk nor how had; and seing that the Guid-wyffe # thy hussie sould haif detenit the puir woman, and gewin hir the barne to # foster; thow, be thy develisch incantatiounes and Wichcraft, abstrakit and tuik # away hir milk: And immediatlie eftir the puir woman wes past out of the hous, # scho persawit hir milk to be tane away, come agane to the said hous, and # complenit to the Guid-wyffe, that the nwrisch had takin away hir milk; and # said, Gif scho wer nocht restorit to hir milk, sche sould devulgat the same throw # the countrey, and schaw how ye had vsit hir. And thow, fering thy dewelisch # craft to be revelit, said to the puir womane, 'Gif I haif thy milk, cum sic a nycht # to me to this hous, and ask itt for Godis saik, and thow sall haif itt.' # Lyke as, the said puir woman, being gled to ressaue hir milk agane, come that same # nycht as thow appoyntit

hir, and lay in the hous besyd ye all nycht; and about the # middis of the nycht, thow cryit vpoun hir and walknit hir, and baid hir # ressaue hir milk; and incontinent sche walknit, and hir palpis sprang out full of # milk, and remanit with hir thaireftir. This thow did, as is notourlie knawin to # the haill countrey, and thow can nocht deny. - ITEM, thow art indytit for ane # commoune awaytakir of wemennis milk in the haill countrey, and detening the samin # att thy pleasour; as the haill countrey will testifie. The quhilk thow # can nocht deny. - ITEM, thow art indytit and accusit, for the bevisching of # William Kingis wyfe of Barraucht, tuelf yeiris sensyne or thairby, for your # diuilische devyse, eftir thow haid left hir seruice; thow causit propyne hir with ane # plaid of thine, quhilk, beand full of inchantmentis and sorcerie, being laid # one hir bed, caussit hir suddentlie thereftir depairt: Quhilk is notorius to the # haill countrie; quhilk thow cane nocht deny. - ITEM, thow art indytit for ane commoun # theif, quhilk thow vsis be inchantment and slicht of the Diuill; for # laitlie, thow cam to Alexander Thines hous in the Benvie-end of Traichie, in the monethe of # November lastwas; and thair, be inchantment, blew vp his duris and his # haill lokkis of his house, and stall out sic gere as thow plesit; and thaireftir # lokit the duris and loctis, as thay wer abefoir: Quhilk thow cane nocht deny. - # ITEM, thow art indytit and accusit, that laitlie, beand nurish to the Lard of # Balquhene [\John Leslie\] , in the moneth of Maij and Junij lastbypast, thow, be thy # inchantment and sorcerie, maid vp the haill lockis of the place, and vpunt the # haill durris thairof, and stall ane steill box out of ane coffer, quhairin wes gryt # sowmes of gould and gould-smyth-work; quhair, one [\on\] being accusit thaireftir, # thou allegeit, that ane blak manne came and gaif the samin to the; quhilk wes # nothing but the illusioune of the Diuill: Quhilk yow cane nocht deny.- SICLYK, # thow art indytit and accusit, for the crewall, airt and pairt and bevisching of # vmq=le= Johnne Leslie of Cultis, quhair as thow trefekit with vmq=le= Barbara # Keand (^alias Leslie^) , with Jonet Grant, with Jonet Clark (^alias Spalding^) , lyk as # thair Confessiounes and Depositiounes testifies thair vngodlie airt and pairt in # the said murdour; quhairin diuerse vtheris was pertineris, sic as Marioune Bruce # in Awldrain, Bessie Paull in the Cromar, quha ar fugitiues for the said # cryme; and thow onlie estemit the instrument of all that mischeife: Quhilk is # notorius be thair Confessiounes, and yow cane nocht deny.- SICLYKE, thou art # indytit and estemit for ane notoriouse and commowne Wiche in the cuntrie; and cane # do all thingis, and hes done all mischeifis, that deuilrie or # Wichcraft cane devyse, in abstracking of mennis lyffis, wemennis milk, bestis milk, and # bewisching of

bestis als weill as menne; lyk as thai diuerse practisis cane # testifie ye: Quhilk ye cane nocht deny. VERDICT. The Assyse, in presens of the said Justice-deput, # ffand and pronunceit, be the mouth of the said Chancillar, [\Arthour Skene in # Tulluch,\] the said Bessie Roy to be Innocent and acquit of all and sindrie # the poyntis and heidis of the Dittay abouewrittin. Quhairvpoune, the said # Bessie askit act and instrument.

[}JUN. 7. - JOHNNE MOWBRAY, MERCHAND BURGES OF EDINBURGH, AND # ELEVEN OTHERS, BEING THE MAJORITY OF JURORS UPON BARBARA NAIPAR'S # ASSYSE.}] Dilatit of manifest and Wilfull Errour committit be thame, # in acquitting of Barbara Naipar spous to Archibald Dowglas, brothir to the # Laird of Carschoggill, of the poyntis of Tressoune and Wichcraft, vnder writtin. Persewar, Mr. Dauid M=c=Gill of Cranstoun Ryddell, Advocat # to our souerane lord. The samin day, the personnes on pannell dilatit and accusit # be dittay contenit in our souerane lordis lettres, purchest att the instance of # the Aduocat aganis them, and produceit be him in Judgement; quhairof the tennour # followis. DITTAY (^against the Assisors on Barbara Naipars Inquest.^) JAMES, be +te grace of God, &c. That quhair, Barbara Naipar # spous to Archbald Dowglas, wes vpoun +te aucht day of Maij I=m=. V=c=. lxxxj +geiris, accusit # in ane Court of Justiciarie, haldin in +te Tolbuith of Edinburgh, ffor seiking help, respons and consultatioune, # att Rychard Grahame, notoure and knawin Nigromancear, ane commoun abusar of +te peopill, baith # aganis +te will and ordinance of God

and Actis of Parliament and law of +te countrey: And # speciallie, fforsamekill as, during our souerane; lordis being att +te Brig of Die, before the commoun bell rang, # for feir the Erll Bothwell sould haif enterit in Edinburgh, scho declarit to +te said Rychard, that # sche hard ane woman say, that our souerane lord wald gett skaith be ane taid or gangrell; and desyrit of # him, quhat he thocht +tairof, and that he wald schaw to hir opinioune +tairof the morne; quha consultit # with +te Spreit +tairanent, and ressauit be his respons, that his Maiestie wald be trublit be # conventioun of wemen, throw +te dropping of ane taid: and als, Rychard lauching vpoun hir, declarit +tair, att # +tat samyn tyme, that scho, Essie M=c=Cal+gan and Donald Robesoune sould be thre of +te doaris of itt: # quhilk quhen scho hard, scho schuik hir heid: Quhilk wes affermit be +te said Richard Grahame, in # hir and the saidis persounes presens. And siclyke, the said Barbara wes accusit, that scho gaif hir # presens, in +te maist develisch and tressonabill Conventioune, haldin be hir and hir complices in +te Devillis # name, vpoun Lambmes-ewin last, att +te New-heavin callit Aitchesounes-heavin, betuix # Mussilburcht and Prestoune pannis, sin his Maiestie come furth of Denmark; quhair war assemblit nyne principallis, # to witt, Agnes Sampsoune, Jonett Straittoun, Ewsame M=c=Cal+geane, hir selff, Johnne # Fiene, Robert Greirsoun, George Moitis wyffe in Prestoune, Margrett Thomsoun in Striuiling and Donald # Robesoune; quhilkis nyne persounes, the Devill, quha wes with +tame in liknes of ane blak man, # thocht maist meit to do +te turne for +te quhilk thay wer convenit; and +tairfore, he sett +tame # nyne nerrest to him selff, in ane cumpany; and thay, togidder with +te wyffe of Saltoune-myle and +te rest # of +te inferiouris, to +te nowmer of threttie persounes, standand skairse +te lenth of ane buird # frae +te foirsaid nyne persounes, in ane vthir cumpany; Agnes Sampsoune proponit +te distructioune of his # hienes persoune, saying to +te Dewill, 'We haif ane turne ado, and we wald fayne be att itt gif we # could, and thairfore help ws to itt.' The Dewill ansuerit, he soud do quhat he could, bott itt wald be # lang to, because it wald be thoirterit; and he promesit to hir and +tame ane pictour of walx, and # ordenit hir and +tame to hing, roist and drop ane taid, and to lay +te droppis of +te taid, mixt with strang # wasch, ane edder-skyn, [\and\] the thing in +te foirheid of ane new-foillit foill, in his hienes # way, quhair his Maiestie wald gang inowre or outowre, or in ony passage quhair itt mycht drop vpoun his # hienes heid or his body, for his hienes distructioune, that ane vther mycht haif rewlit in his # Maiesties place, and +te ward mycht haif gane to +te Dewill. Att +te quhilk conventioune, his hienes name wes # pronunceit in Latine; and Agnes Sampsoun wes appointit to mak +te pictour and to gif it to the # Dewill to be inchantit, quhilk scho maid in deid, and gaif itt to him; and he promesit to giff # it to +te said Barbara and to Effie M=c=Cal+gan, att +te nixt meting, to be roistit. Mergarett # Thomsoun wes appointit to dropp +te taid. Thair wes ane appointit to seik sum of his hienes linning # clathis, to do +te turne with. And Gelie Duncan, vpoun +te fyftene day of December lastwas, in +te said # Barbareis face and Effie M=c=Cal+ganis, avowit on +tame baith, att +te fyrst sycht, sche saw hir eftir # hir cuming to +te Abay, and before sche had spokin thre perfyte speicis afoir hir, affermit that # Agnes Sampsoune mett with hir and +te said Effie, in +te said Barbareis awin hous; and the said # Gelie Duncan and Bessie Thomsoune being +tair also, togidder with Johnne Fiene, quha said to # Gelie, that he wald ga West to his fader, and eikit forder, that thair wes ane taid hingand be +te helis # thre nychtis, and droppit betuix thre oister schellis and nyne stanis, sottin thre nychtis; att quhat # tyme na man luikit or suspectit to haif hard ony sic thing: As the particular Depositiounes of +te # said Donald Robesoune and Jonett Straytoun, quha constantlie abaid att +te samin, quhilk wes # repetit be +te Aduocatt; the Depositiounes of Gelie Duncane and Rychard Grahame, ewerie ane for +tair awin # pairtis and circumstances, being confrontit togidder, manifestit and maid playne. AND siclyke, # the said Barbara wes accusit, that sche gaif hir bodelie presens vpoun Alhallow-evin lastwas, 1590 # +geiris, to +te frequent conventioune haldin att +te Kirk of North-Berwik, quhair sche danceit endlang +te # Kirk-+gaird, and Gelie Duncan playit on

ane trump, Johnne Fiene, missellit, led +te ring; Agnes # Sampsoun and hir dochteris and all the rest following +te said Barbara, to +te nowmer of sevin scoir of # persounes; of +te quhilk nowmer, wes Effie M=c=Cal+gan, Katherene Gray, Mergarett Aichesoun, Donald # Robesoun, Robert Greirsoune, Katherene Wallace, Meg Bogtoun, Jonett Campbell, Jonett Logane, Johnne # Gordoun (^alias Gray-meill^) , the portaris wyffe of Seytoune, Jonett Straytoun, Bessie Thomsoune, # Catherene Duncane, Bessie Wrycht, Issobell Gylloun, Johnne Ramsayes wyffe, Anny Rychesoun, Jonett # Gall, Nicoll Murrayes wyffe, tail+geour, Cristian Keringtoune alias (^Likkit^) , Masie Aichesoune, Marie # Patersoune, Alexander Quhytelaw, Marioun Nicolsoun, Marioun Bail+gie, Jonett Nicolsoun, Issobell # Lauder, Helene Quhyte, Margarett Thomsoune, Marioune Schaw, Helene Lauder, Malie Geddie, Duncan # Buchquhannane, Marioun Congiltoun, Bessie Cowane, Bessie Broune, the smythis wyffe, # Thomas Brounhill and his wyfe, Gilbert M=c=Gill, Johnne and Catherene M=c=Gillis, with diuerse # vtheris, to +te nowmer aboue writtin: Att +te quhilk place and tyme, the wemene maid fyrst +tair homage, and # wer turnit sax tymes widdersounes about; Johne Fyen blew vp +te Kirk durris, and blew in +te # lychtis, quhilkis wer lyke mekill blak candillis, haldin in ane auld mannis hand, round about +te # pulpett. And +te Dewill start vp in +te pulpett, lyke ane mekill blak man, with ane blak baird stikand out lyke # ane gettis, baird; and ane hie ribbit neise, falland doun scharp lyke the beik of ane halk; # with ane lang rumpill; cled in ane blak tatie goune; and ane ewill favorit scull bonnett, on his heid; # haifand ane blak buik in his hand, callit on ewerie ane of +tame, desyring +tame all to be guid serwandis # to him, and he sould be ane guid maister to +tame, and thay sould haif anewch and newer want. For Robert # Greirsoun and Johnne Fien [\thay\] stuid on his left hand; and the said Robert ffand grit # fault with the Dewill, and cryit out, that all quhilkis wer besyd mycht heir, becaus his hienes pictour # wes nocht gewin +tame, as wes promesit; the said Effie M=c=Cal+gan remembrand and bidand +te said # Robert Greirsoun to speir for +te pictour, meaning his Maiesteis pictour, quhill sould haif bene roistit. # Robert Greirsoun said thir wordis, 'Quhair is the thing +ge promesit?' meaning +te pictour of # walx, dewysit for roisting and vndoing his hines persoune, quhilk Agnes Sampsoune gaif to him; and # Robert cryit to 'haif +te turne done;' +git his hienes name wes nocht nameit, quhill thay that wer wemen # nameit him; craifand in playne termes his hienes pictour. Bot he ansuerit, 'It sould be gottin # +te nixt meitting, and he wald hald +te nixt assemblie for +tat caus the soner: It was nocht reddie at # +tat tyme.' Robert Greirsoune ansuerit,' +ge promesit twyis and begylit ws.' And foure honest-like # womene wer very ernist and instant to haif itt: And the said Barbara and Effie M=c=Cal+gane gatt +tan # ane promeis of +te Dewill, that his hienes pictour sould be gottin to +tame twa, and that rycht sone: And # +tis mater of his hienes pictour wes +te caus of +tat assemblie. In takin quhairof, the Dewill commandit # +te said Barbara and all her cumpany, to keip his commandementis; quhilk wer, to do all the ewill # thay could: Also, thair wes +tane thre deid corps tane vp and juntit; the naillis and juntis wer # pairtit amangis +tame. The Dewill commandit +tame to keip +te juntis vpoun +tame, quhill the samin dryit; # and than to mak powder +tairof, to do ewill with. Eftir +te quhilk, thair homage being made, as # the fassoun is, in kissing of +te Devillis ers, thay pairtit for +tat tyme, without ony mair done; except, # that Effie M=c=Cal+gane, Robert Greirsoune and the said Barbara, hapnit to be nameit +tair; quhilk # offendit all +te cumpany: And that thay sould nocht haif bene nameit with +tair awin names; Robert Greirsoun, # to haif bene callit (^Rob the rowar^) ; Effie to be callit (^Cane^) ; and the said Barbara, to be # callit (^Naip^) . And trew this is, and provin be Donald Robesoun, Jonett Straittoune, Gelie Duncan and Bessie # Thomsoune, quha ar +git on lyffe. Quhilk, being putt to +te knawlege of ane Inqueist; thay # nochtwithstanding, vpoun +te nynt day of +te month and +geir of God foirsaid, Clengeit and Acquit, be favour # and partial meanis, the said Barbara Naipare. That, forsamekill as, during his Maiesteis being att # +te Brig of Die, the day before +te commoun bell rang, for feir the Erll Bothuell sould haif enterit in # Edinburghe, sche declarit to +te said

Rychard Grahame, that sche hard ane woman say, that +te King # wald get skaith be ane taid or gangrell, &c. Quhairthrow thay, and ewerie ane of +tame, could pretend na # ignorance; att +te leist, nethir of law nor conscience could haif acquit hir +tairof; the samin # being verifeit, be +te constant assertioun and Depositoun of ane pairt of +te witnessis being present in # Judgement for +te tyme, as is aboue writtin, and be +te Depositiounis of +te vthir pairt produceit: And # +tairfore, did manifestlie and wilfullie err, contrar +te lawis and prattik of +te realme; Incurrand +tairby # the horribill cryme of Periurie, (\et penam temere jurantium super Assisam\) . And thay, being requyrit be the Justice, HIS MAIESTIE being # sittand in Judgement, quhidder thay wald abyde the tryell of the law and # of ane Assyse for the saidis crymes, or cum in will thairfore? Eftir lang # deliberatioun and consultatioun, thay refusit to abyde the tryell of ane Assyse # thairfore; bot come (\simpliciter\) in his hienes will, for Ignorant errour # committet be thame, in acquyting of the said Barbara, of the crymes and poyntis of # Dittay aboue rehersit. SENTENCE. Quhilk will, HIS MAIESTIE publictlie, in # Judgement, in presens of his hienes Lordis of Secreit Counsall, declarit to be, That # he, understanding that it wes nocht Wilfull Errour thay committit, in acquyting in # maner foirsaid; and thairfore Ordenit, that the foirsaidis persounes and ilk ane of # thame salbe Assoil+geit fra all penalties in body, guidis or fame, in tyme cuming, Vpoune the declaratioune of the quhilk will, thay and ilk # ane of thame askit act and instrument. [}JUN.9. - EWFAME MAKCAL+GANE, [\OF CLIFTOUNHALL,\] SPOUS TO # PATRIK MAKCAL+GANE (^ALIAS MOSCROP^) .}]

[^EDITOR'S COMMENTS OMITTED.^]

Dilatit of certane tressonabill Conspiraceis interprysit be # Wichcraft, to haif destroyit oure souerane lordis persoune, and bereft his # Maiestie of his lyffe be that schameful and extraordinar meanis: And being airt and # pairt thairof, vpoun the counsall [\and\] consultatioun with diuerse vtheris # Wichis of hir societie: And diuers vtheris crymes of Wichcraft committit be hir, att # lenth specifeit in the Dittay maid thairvpoune. PERSEWAR. Mr Dauid M=c=Gill of Cranstoun-Ryddell, Aduocat to our # souerane lord (for his hienes interest.) PRELOQUITOURIS for the pannel, Mr Johnne Moscrop, Mr Dauid # Ogilvie, Robert Ker in Duddingstoune, Henry Nisbet, burges of Edinburghe, Mr Johnne Russell, Mr Johne # Skene, Aduocatis. Comperit the said Mr Dauid M=c=Gill, Aduocatt, and produceit # ane Dittay, maid att lenth, aganis the said Ewfame; and contractit in thir # heidis vnderwrittin, to be putt to the knawlege of ane Assyse: Quhairof the tennour # followis. DITTAY (^AGAINST EWSAME MACKAL+GANE^) EWFAME M=c=CAL+GANE, Ye ar indytit and accusit, (1.) For # airt and pairt of the bewiching of Michell Marioribankis, be strykeing of him be # Wichcraft, with ane extraordinar diseis, be taking of the power and habilitie # of his rycht syde, arme and leg fra him; be youre selff, and your complices be # your moyane; committit in Apryle 1577. - (2.) ITEM, Indytit, for consulting # with Catherene

Campbell, ane Ersch womane, knawin to be ane notorius Wich; # and intertinneing hir in your awin hous and Barbara Touris hous, seiking help of # hir to youre bairnis; speciallie to help youre sone Thomas, be youre # airt; to quhome ye send his sark to that effect, with Helene Inglis your # seruand, and twa xxx s. pecis, for hir help. - (3.) ITEM, For consulting with the said # Catherene, anent the bewiching and slauchter of Patrik Moscrop, your husband, # quhairby ye mycht gett ane vtheir guidman; and consulting with hir, quhome # ye sould marie. - (4.) ITEM, Indytit, of airt and pairt of the # traffiking with Agnes Somervall, spous to Gilbert Andersone in Dunfermling, ane commoune # trafficquar with Wichis; inquyring of hir, 'Gif sche knew ony wittie or # skilfull wemene in the countrey, that will owthir caus your husband love yow, or # ellis gett your will of him; 'to quhome ye gaif twa fair cleane sarkis of your # husbandis, to be careit owre the walter, to be inchantit be thame, att the same tyme # your husband fell in seiknes. Quhilkis sarkis, sche tuik with hir to that # effect; and brocht hame agane be hir, inchantit: And thairby, seiking help, respons # and consultatioune of Wichis, to the distructioune of your spous, be Wichcraft. - # (5.) ITEM, Indytit, of airt and pairt of the poysouning of the said Patrik # Moscrop, your husband, vpoun deidlie malice contractit aganis him, the fyrst yeir of # your mariage; be gewing to him of poysoun, and cuist the rest thairof in the # closett; quhairby his face, nek, handis and haill body, brak out in reid spottis: # Quhilk poysoun wes expellit be his youth. And seing the same twke na effect, as # ye dewysit, ye still continewand in your vndewtifull behaviour and impatience to # see him on lyffe, quhom ye preissit be all meanis possibil to cutt away; the # said Patrik being wereit of his lyffe, be the daylie truble he had in youre # cumpany, wes compellit, for saulftie of his lyffe, to expone him selff to the seais, # and to pas to ffrance in your defalt. Lyke as, ye, to be quyte of him, sparit nocht, # in all pairtis, to seik ane hundreth crownis, for his furnitour away; and spairit # nocht speik, that your guidman wes passand to France, and baid 'the ffeind ga # with him!' - (6.) ITEM, Indytit and accusit, that incressing in youre dewelische # consultatioune with Wichis, to the wrak and distructioun of the said Patrik # your husband, and efter he had returnit out of France, ye, still invying his # health, and seiking to distroy him be Wichcraft foirsaid; ye send your said husbandis # dowblett, with Josias Coupar your seruand, airlie in the morning, to # Catherene Campbell the Wich-wyffe, duelland in the Cannogait; quhilk dowblett the # said wich sprinklit with blude, and inchantit it with vtheris sorcereis, and # randerit itt agane to the said Josias your seruand; quhilk be brocht hame, afoir his # maisteris rysing: Eftir the quhilk, your husband contractit ane heavie diseis, # and pynit thairin

mony monethis; quhilk wes na naturall seiknes, as wes # testifeit and declarit be the cherurgeanis. Lyke as, the said consultatioun wes # reveillit thaireftir, be the said Josias your seruand, for the discharge of his conscience; # and he, for that caus, past aff the countrey to Danskin. - (7.) ITEM, Indytit, # that to mak hir [\yow\] perfyte and weill skillit in the said airt of # Wichcraft, sche [\ye\] causit ane vther Wich, quha duelt in Sanct-Ninianis-raw, inaugwrat yow in # the said craft. with the girth of ane grit bikar, turnand the same oft owre # your heid and nek. and oftimes round about your heid; quhilk wes reveillit be # Marioune Love, dochter to Catherene Lyell younger, to the said Katherene hir moder. - # (8.) ITEM, Ye ar indytit, that ye, haifing consauit ane deidlie malice # aganis the said Catherene and Walter Scott his spous, for declaratioun of youre # inawgwring foirsaid, sene and persavit be the said Marioun Love; ye, be youre airt # of Sorcerie and Wichcraft, bewichit hir and hir husband, in thair bodeis, # guidis and geir: And swa, for airt and pairt of bewiching of the said Catherene # Lyell and Walter Scott, in thair bodeis, gudis and geir, to thair grit skaith # and heirschip. - (9.) ITEM, Indytit, of bewiching, be your airt of Sorcerie, of # vmq=le= Johnne Yonstoune, sone to Williame Younstoune, your husbandis sister # sone, being ane young man of xvij yeiris of aige; be the quhilk Wichcraft he # deit: And swa. for airt and pairt of the crewall Slauchter and Murthour of # him; only, for reveilling of your vndewtifull behaviour to youre husband, he being # familiar in your hous; as the takinnis contenit in the said Dittay att # mair lenth verifeis. - (10.) ITEM, Indytit, that ye, haifing consauit ane deidlie # malice aganis Jonet Cokburne, dochter to Johnne Cokburne, maltman in Hadingtoune, # for the dounbringing of your purs, belt, glas and claithis, out of the chalmer, and # haifing laid doun the same vpoun the buird, your husband tuik vp your # said purs, and wald haif opnit itt; but opnit it nocht: For the quhilk, ye # said to the said Jonett, 'Weill, madin, haif +ge lattin +tis be done? +ge sall # repent itt fra +goure hairt.' Catherene Carrutheris alias callit (^Erisch Jonett^) # and ye, laid in hir way and passage, sic inchantit mwildis and powder, that in schort # space thaireftir. thair came ane swarff owre hir hairt, and sic ane flaffing in # hir breist, as itt had bene sum quick thing, peching and panting, heaving vp hir # body; quhairwith, sche is diseasit half ane hour, ewerie tyme sche takis itt; # oft in the nycht and oft in the day; continewing sumtymes half ane day; haifing # mair strenth nor hir accustummit maner, in tyme of hir health: And swa, for # laying of muldis and powder be Wichcraft and Inchantment, in the said Jonett # Cokburnis gait; be the quhilk, sche consauit and seiknes, and wes mekill # trublit thairwith, and is yit, be your airt and Wichcraft - (11.) ITEM, For the # crewall Slauchter

and distruction of vmq=le= Ewfame Punfray be Wichcraft. - (12.) # ITEM, For allwring, be your develische Wichcraft, Inchantment and Incantatioun, of # Joseph Dowglas of Punfrastoune, to love yow; vnder culloure and cloik # [\of\] mariage with youre dochter; and for the distruction of youre husband: # In taikin quhairof ye gaif him ane craig chein+gie, twa belt chein+geis, ane ring, # ane emirent, and vtheris your jewellis. - (13.) ITEM, Indytit, for the # consulting with Jonett Cwninghame in the Cannogait, als callit (^Lady Bothwell^) , ane # auld indytit Wich of the fynest champ, 18 +geiris syne or thairby, for to haif # poysonit Joseph Dowglas of Punfrastoune, and that be ane potioun of composit walter, # quhilk ye send Johnne Tweddall youre seruand for, to be brocht vp to Barbara # Toureis hous, in ane chopene stoup; quhilk wes ressauit be him, and # delyuerit to the said Barbara. - (14.) ITEM, Indytit and accusit, for sending with Jonett # Drummond your seruand, certane Wichcraft, of deliberat mynd to haif # bewichit Marie Sandelandis, ane madin, att that tyme vnder promeis of mariage to Joseph # Dowglas of Punfrastoune, sche being thane in the Braidschaw; and to # disswad hir, fyrst, fra the said promeis of mariage of the said Joseph, becaus he # had gewin his promeis and faith to ane vthir gentilwoman; and that he had # the glengore, him selff. - (15.) ITEM, Indytit, that be youre airt of Wichcraft, # ye travellit to stay and imped, the mariage of the Laird of Punfrastoune with Marie # Sandelandis; and to that effect, directit Jonett Drummond, sumtyme youre # nwrice, with sum of youre charmes and inchantmentis, to offend the persoun of # the said Marie; quhairby, the said mariage mycht haif bene stayit. - (16.) # ITEM, Indytit, of the seiking help, consultatioun and respons, fra Annye Sampsoun, # as ane Wich, and knawin to be ane notorius Wich, for recovering of your # jewellis and euidentis agane, fra the Laird of Punfrastoune; and be frequent sending # of Jonett Drummond, your sumtyme nurrice, to the said Annye, to that effect, aboue # sewin tymes; and in the ane of the tymes, sche rasit the Spreit, be # voce and nocht bodelie; quha declarit, that the samin sould be delyuerit to # the said Jonett Drummond, thair messinger send to seik the respons. - (17.) # ITEM, Indytit, of the bewiching of twa of the Laird of Punfrastounis bairnis, his # eldest sone and dochter, to the deid. - (18.) ITEM, Indytit, of consulting and seiking # help att the said Anny Sampsoune, ane notorius Wich, for relief of your # payne in the tyme of the birth of youre twa sonnes; and ressauing fra hir to # that effect, ane boirdstane, to be layit vnder the bowster, putt vnder your heid, Inchantit # mwildis and powder put in ane peice paipar, to be vsit and rowit in # your hair; and att the tyme of your drowis, your guidmannis sark to be presentlie # tane of him,

and laid woumplit vnder your bedfeit. The quhilk being # praktesit be yow, as ye had ressauit the samin fra the said Annie, and informatioun # of the vse thairof; your seiknes wes cassin of yow, vnnaturallie, in the birth of # youre fyrst sone, vpoune ane dog; quhilk ranne away and wes newir sene # agane: And in the birth of your last sone, the same prakteis foirsaid wes vsit, # and your naturall and kindlie payne vnnaturallie cassin of yow, vpoun the wantoune # catt in the hous; quhilk lyke wyis, wes newir sene thaireftir. - (19.) ITEM. # Indytit, for airt and pairt of the consulting with the said Annie Sampsoun, for the # distroying of Mr Johnne Moscrop, your fader-in-law, be Wichcraft, about foure # yeris syne, or thairby: And to this effect, sending with Jonett Drummond your # seruand, ane pictoure of walx, send in ane buist, inclosit within ane # guise, to the said Anny; and ane seruiett with beif, woimplit about the guise; quhilk # pictour the said Annie gaif to the Dewill to be inchantit; and the samin being # inchantit be him, wes send hame agane to yow with the said Jonett Drummond, for # doing of the turne, as the said Annie declarit that itt sould serue. - (20.) # ITEM, Indytit, for your develisch consultatioun with Agnes Sampsoune, pairtlie be # your selff, and pairtlie be the trafquicking of your auld agent Jonet # Drummond, how to be revangeit vpoun Mr Johnne M=c=Gillis wyffe; and resolutioun being tane # with Agnes Sampsoune, ane notoure Witch, sche send yow sum # Wichcraft and Inchantments with the said Jonett Drummond, quhilk ye caist in att Mr # Johnne M=c=Gillis windok; quhilk wes ane bairnis aiproune and # halsclaith, with sum thing bund thairin: And this mater being reveillit be vthiris, # your seruandis, ye causit the said Jonett Drummond to deny the same, quhen itt # wes laid to hir charge: Lyke as, sche hes confessit, that sche wes daylie and # nychtlie trublit with terribill spektacles and visiounis; as, scho vissiblie, in # ane chalmer flwre of youris, att twa eftir none, saw ane naikit man stand in the # middis of the said chalmer, with ane quhyte scheit about him: As also, Jonett # Aitchesoun youre seruand, being send att twell houris att ewin to draw ane # drink, saw lykewyis ane naikit man behind hir, with ane sark; the slewis of the # serk vpoun his leggis, and the taill about his heid; quhilk terrifeit hir: Quhilk # visiounis man haif procedit of your dewilisch airt of Wichcraft: As also, the # said Jonett Aitchesoun wes trublit with hurchounis. Quhilk Wichcraft foirsaid, wes # cassin in agane, att the said Mr Johnne M=c=Gillis windok; and being fund and # opnit out, kythit to be ane pictour of clay, and ane portrat of Elizabeth Home, # spous to the said Mr Johnne, sewitt in ane windeine scheit; about the quhilk wes # ane auld blak much woimplit, thairin inclosit fyve clewis of sindrie # culloures of worsett, as of

blak, reid, orange, yallow and blew. Quhilkis Sorceries, Agnes # Sampsoun confessit ye maid youre selff. As also, the said Agnes Sampsoune # confessit, that Jonet Drummond brocht to her the same auld much, quhilk scho # inchantit; lyke as also, the said Jonet Drummond hes confessit the careing # thairof to the said Agnes. - (21.) ITEM, For making of ane pictour of flour and # clay, for bewiching of Elizabeth Home spouse to Mr Johnne M=c=Gill, and causing # cast the same in att the said Mr Johnneis kiching windok for that effect. - # (22.) ITEM, Indytit, for airt and pairt of the slauchter and distruction, be your # devilisch craft of Wichcraft, and Inchantment, of Lilias M=c=Cal+gean, # dochter to Mr Henry M=c=Cal+gan ane barne of sex yeir auld; and that be rubbing of hir face # with youre naipkin, vpoune ane Soneday eftir none; quhen sche fell vpoune # the calsey att youre cloise heid; quhairby sche deit. - (23.) ITEM, Indytit # and accusit, of the conventicle had att North-Berwik Kirk, tuentie dayes before # Michelmes, 1590; and thair inquyring for the Kingis pictour, gewin be Annie # Sampsoun to the Dewill, to be inchantit, for the tressonabill distructioun of # the King. - (24.) ITEM, Indytit, for being att the Conventioun haldin at the # New-heavin callit the Fayrie-hoillis, att Lambmes lastwes, to the effect # immediatlie aboue writtin. - (25.) ITEM, Indytit and accusit, for ane Conventioun haldin # be yow and vtheris notorius Wichis, youre associattis, att the # Brvme-hoillis; quhair ye and thay tuik the sea, Robert Greirsoun being youre admerall and # Maister-manne, past owre the sea in riddillis to ane schip, quhair ye enterit # with the Dewill, your maister, thairin; quhan, eftir ye had eittin and drukkin, # ye caist owr ane blak dog that skippit vnder the schip, and thairby, ye hewing # the Dewill your maistir thairin, quha drownit the schip be tumbling: Quhairby, # the Quene wes putt bak be storme. - (26.) ITEM, Indytit, for consulting with # the said Annie Sampsoune, Robert Greirsoune and diuers vthiris Wichis, for # the tressonabill staying of the Quenis hame-cuming, be storme and wind; and # rasing of storme, to that effect; or ellis to haif drownit hir Maiestie and hir # cumpany, be coniuring of cattis and casting of thame in the see, at Leith, and the # bak of Robert Greirsounis hous. - (27.) ITEM, Indytit, for airt and pairt of # the distructioun of ane boit, betuix Leith and Kinghorne, and threscoir of # persounes thairin, be your conventioune be vthir Wichis, and be your and thair # Wichcraft; as is notour. - (28.). ITEM, For an commoune Wich. The quhilk day, the said Dittay being red to the said # Ewfame in judgement, as itt wes produceit att lenth be the Aduocatt, and drawin # summarlie in heidis, as is aboue mentionatt: Eftir diuerse obiectiounis maid aganis # the samin be hir and hir preloquitouris, and diuerse protestatiounis maid in # hir name, and ansueris

maid thairto be the Aduocat; the Justice ffand, be # Interloquitour, that the saidis heidis sould be putt to the knawlege of ane Assyse: And # the Assyse being chosin, that sche mycht propone hir defenssis to the said # Assyse. [^ASSISA: A LIST OF NAMES OMITTED.^] INTERLOCUTOR. The Justice-deputis, be ressoun of diuerse # objectiounes maid be the pannell, aganis the poyntis of Dittay aboue # writtin, to the Assyse; and ansueris maid thairto be the Aduocat; and that they # continewit quhill sewin houris att ewin: Continewit the mater to the morne, in # the same forme, force and effect as it wes thane: And causit incarcerat the # said Ewfame; and warne the Assyse to be present the morne att aucht houris in # the morning, ilk persoun vnder the pane of ane hundreth poundis. (Jun.10.) - INTERLOCUTOR. The Justice, be ressoune +git of # the objectiounis maid be the pannell aganis the poyntis of Dittay, and the # Depositiounis of sindrie persounes maid for vereficatioun thairof, and # ansueris maid thairto; thay haifing continewit quhill sewin houris att ewin: # Continewit the said mater, in same forme, force and effect as is now; and impresonit the # said Ewfame quhill the morne; and wairnit the persounes of Assyse to # compair the morne, ilk persoun vnder the pane of ane hundreth poundis. (Jun. 11.) - THE samin day, eftir proponing of the haill # obiectiounis be the pannell aganis the Dittay, and vereficatiounis thairof, # and ansueris maid thairto be the Aduocatt; the above persounes, being chosin, # sworne and admittit, thay removit altogiddir furth of Court to the counsal-hous; # quhair thay remanit all that nycht; and eftir the chesing of James # Johnestoune of Elphinstoune Chancillar of the said Assyse, thay votit and ressonit vpoune # the poyntis of the said Dittay; and continewit pronunceing of thair # delyuerance quhill the morne. ARTICLES (^of^) CONVICTIOUNE (^and^) VERDICT (^of the Assise^) . (Jun. 12) - THE quhilk persounes of Assyse, eftir lang # deliberatioune and continewance in the Counsal-hous, vpoune the ressoning and voting the # poyntis of the said Ewfame M=c=Cal+ganis.

Dittay: being throwchlie auisit thairwith, re-enterit agane in # Court, and thair, be the mouth of the said James Johnstoun of Elphinstoune chancillar, ffand, # pronunceit and declarit the said Ewfame, (1.) To be Fylit, culpable and convict, of consulting with # Catherene Campbell, ane Ersch woman with ane fallin neise, duelland for ane lang space in the Cannogait # heid, ane notorius Wich; and intertinneing the said Catherene in hir awin hous, and in the hous of # Barbara Toures, the relict of vmq=le= James Harlaw, seiking help of hir to hir bairnis; speciallie to # Thomas hir sone, to quhome sche send his sark with Helene Inglis hir seruand. - (2.) ITEM, of the # bewiching, be hir airt of Sorcerie, of Johnne Yonstoun, sone to Williame Yonstoun, hir husbandis sister # sone, ane young man of sewintene yeris of aige: quhairby he deit: And swa, for airt and pairt of the # slauchter of the said vmq=le= Johnne, be the said airt. - (3.) ITEM, of the consulting with Jonett # Cwninghame in the Cannogait heid, alias callit (^Lady Bothwell^) , ane auld indytit Wich of the fynest champ, # auchtene yeris syne or thairby, for poysoning of Joseph Dowglas of Punfrastoune, and that be ane potioune of # composit walter, quhilk sche send hir seruand Johnne Tueddall for, to be brocht vp to # Barbara Toures hous in ane chopene stoup; quhilk wes ressauit be him, and delyuerit to the said # Barbara. - (4.) ITEM, of the seiking help, consultatioun and respons, fra Annie Sampsoun, knawin ane notorius Wich, for # recovering of hir jowellis and emdent agane fra the Laird of Punfrastoune: and that, be # the frequent sending of Jonet Drummond, sumtyme hir nurrice, to the said Annie to that effect, aboue # sewin tymes. - (5.) ITEM, for consulting with Annie Sampsoun ane Wich, for getting of mwildis fra hir, # to be vsit be the said Ewfame, in releif of hir payne, in hir birth of hir twa sonnes. - (6.) # ITEM, of airt and pairt of the consulting with Annie Sampsoune, for distroying of Mr Johnne Moscrop, hir # fader-in-law, be Wichcraft, about foure yeris syne of thairby; and to that effect, sending with # Jonett Drummond hir seruand, ane pictour of walx, send in ane buist inclosit within ane guise, to the # said Annie, and ane seruiet with beiff woumplit about the guse; quhilk pictour the said Annie gaif to # the Dewill to be inchantit; and the samin being inchantit be him, wes send hame agane to hir with # the said Jonett Drummond, for doing of the turne; as the said Annie declarit to the said Jonet, # that it sould serue thairto. - (7.) ITEM, fand hir culpabill, of making of ane pictour of flowre and # clay, for bewiching of Mary Home, spous to Mr Johnne M=c=Gill, and causing cast the samin in att Mr Johnne # M=c=Gillis kiching windok, to that effect. - (8.) ITEM, culpabill, for the tressonabill # Conventicill had be hir, Annie Sampsoune, Johnne Fiene and diueris vthiris, att North Berwik-Kirk, tuentie # dayes before Michelmes 1590; and thair, inquyring for the Kingis pictour, gewin be the said Annie # Sampsoune to the Dewill, to be inchantit be him, for the tressonabill distructioun of the King. - (9.) # ITEM, convict of the tressonabill Conventioune, haldin be him, hir and thame, att the New-heavin, callit # Aichesounis-heavin, att Lambmes lastwas I=m=. V=c=. lxxxx, to the tressonabill effect # immediatlie aboue writtin, viz. in seiking of ane pictour, to the tressonabill distructioune of the King. - (10.) ITEM, # convict of commoune Wichcraft and Sorcerie and vsing of the said Wichcraft aganis sindrie his hienes # liegis. - (11.) AND ALS, Acquit the said Ewfame of the haill remanent poyntis contenit in hir # Dittay foirsaid, quhairof sche wes accusit. DOOM (^of Forfeiture and Sentence of Death^) . (Jun. 15.) - The quhilk day, Ewfame M=c=Cal+gane, spous to # Patrik Moscrop alias M=c=Cal+gane, being presentit on pannell, as sche that # wes convict ofbefore, be ane condigne Assyse, in ane Court of Justiciarie, haldin in # the said Tolbuith in Edinburghe, the tuelt day of Junij instant; for the # consulting with Catherene Campbell, ane Ersch woman with ane fallin neise, &c. # [\here the above

articles of conviction are rehearsed.\] - For the quhilk # crymes, the said Justice-depute ordanit the said Ewfame, be the mouth of Williame Gray # dempstar, as culpabill and giltie thairof, to be takin to the Castel-hill # of Edinburghe, and thair bund to ane staik and brunt in assis, quick, to the # death: And all and sindrie hir landis, heretageis, takis, stedingis, roumes, # possessiounes, coirnis, cattell, guides and geir, to be forfaltit and escheit to our souerane # lordis vse. [^TRIAL OF DAVID ROY, COOK TO COLIN EVIOT OF BALHOUSIE. 1ST FEBRUARY 1601. EDINBURGH 1831. PP. 1-12 (OUR PAGE NUMBERS).^]

[} [\TRIAL OF DAVID ROY, COOK TO BALHOUSIE. 1ST FEBRUARY 1601. \] }] (\CURIA Justiciarie vice-comitatus de Perth, tenta in # pretorio ejusdem vicesimo primo die mensis Februarii, anno Domini millessimo, sexcentesimo primo, per magistrum Gulielmum Murray de Ochtertyre, justiciarium ac vice-comitem deputatum honorabilis Willielmi Murray, apparen: de Tulliebardin, # justiciar: et vice-com: principalis dicti vice-comitatus curia leigittime affirmata.\) Quhilk day compeared in judgement, Coleine eviot of # Balhoussie, fayther to Elizabeth eviot specifiit, and Thomas Gall, p=r= # fischall of the shyrefdome of Perth for his interes, and producit ane # letter of declaratioun and supplicatioun of the presbitrie of the burgh # of Perth, subscryvit be mr Williame Rynd, moderator of the said # presbitrie, of the quhilk the tenour followis. It will pleis your wisdomes # understand that their is ane uncoth and abhominabell cryme committit latlie # within our bounds, to the grait slander of our relegioun, and shame, # displeasour,

and grieff, not onlie of the pairtie quhais interest, butt also # of all guid men. Sirs, and David Roy, servand and cuik to the laird of # Balhoussie, hes ungodlie and shamefullie abbusit his dochter callit # Elspett eviot, in filthie huredome, and to effectuat yat his viccat deid, hes # usit maist uncoth, unnaturall, and abhominabill meins, unworthie to be # tellit be word, let be to be usit in deid. First, he dubbit ane # abill, and infusit in it ane portioun of his awin natour, and gaiff hir # to eat, quhilk scho eit for ane part, and keust the rest away. # Secoundlie, he maid ane drink of spenzie fleis, callit, as he sayis, # cantarides, and gaiff it to hir to drink. Thirdlie, he gaiff hir ane drink of # daffindillie. Fourthlie, he desyrit ane heiland voman of Dowhare, quhome he # hard be the brut of the country to be ane vische and sorsarer, to # help him to the luiff of hir, and send yaireftir hir awin sone to the said # heiland wyff to the samyn effect. And, finallie, quhen nane of thir things, # as he thought, could effectuat the turne, he past to the bed quhair # the said Elspeth was lyen, in the nicht, in hir fatheris place of # Tillebeltane, hir parents being absent; and eftir violence usit agains hir, and # scho refusand, he usit, as he confessit, the moyane of ane servand voman in # the place, and sa gat his will of hir, and sensyne hes abusit hir # at his pleasour. Thairefter, he fearing hir to be with bairne, he schew hir # water to sindrie to know the same, and desyrit hir to ane drink, to # desolve the barne, quhilk scho refusit. The man in hand, and our advyssis # creavit, quhat sall be his puneschment according to the the word of God # and lawis; becaus the matter is uncow and vechtie, we thocht guid to # advertise yow thairof, and to requeist yow maist ernestlie to communicat # this matter to his maiestie and commissionaris of the kirk now assemblit, # and to creave not only your advyse, giff the said David salbe put to # ane assyse, and quhat sall be his punnishement, death or utherwayis, bot # that ye trawell, that ane law may be maid, giff nane wes, for # repressing of sic unnaturall and abhominabill attempis in tymes coming. In # propounding

heirof, we submitt to your awin visdome quhidder we sall # propone it in hypothesist or cheif or theis. For ye saiffing of the # lairds honour, we requyit yow also to seik the advyse of the best lawaris, # and send us your resolutioun with all diligence with this berar, that sic # villanie go not unpunneschet in Isayrell, to the procurement of God's # wrathe. Sua luking for your resolut answer, wee committ yow, and all # pending on your hands, to the government of the holie spirit. Of our # presbetrie of Perthe, and subscryvit at thair command as followis, be our # moderatour, the ellewinte of februar 1601. Sic subscribatur, M. Williame # Rynd, moderatour of the presbetrie of Perth, at your command. And # upone the back of the samyn, ane delyverance of his majesties, and # lords of our secrett counsall as followis. At halierudhous, the xiij # day of februar 1601. The King's majestie, and lords of secreit counsall, # having hard and considderit the supplicatioun within written, ordains the # persoun within complenit upone to be put to ane assyse upon the # particular tymes within specifiit; and gif he be convictit thairof, to # caus execut him to the deid, in maner following. First, to virrie him at # ane staik, thairefter to cut of his head, and affix the samyn on sum # publict place, and to caus burne his bodie. Sic subscribitur, Montrois # cancellarius, Secretar, Thesaurair. The said David Roy being presentlie in the bos vindow of # the tolbuith of the burgh of Perthe, accusit and persewit wpone the said # crymes. The said Coleine Eviot presentit the said David Roy's dittay # and confessioun following. Followis the dittay. David Roy thou art accussit of thy lyff for the crymes following; in the first, thow beinge # sumtyme servitour to Colleine Eviot of Balhoussie, and in his service # for the tyme, forgetting all feir of God, dewtie towards thy maister, # resolvit to deflour Elizabeth Eviot, dochter to the said Coleine, # beraiff her of her virginitie, and to induce her be all unleissum meins to # gyff hir bodie to ye, and sua defyle thy maisters hous, and sua far as in ye # lay to dishonour

the samyn: ffor performance of the quhilk thy wickit and # dewelidge intentioun, thow spairit nocht to use thyself as ane maist # filthie sodomet, using vischecraft, sorsarie, charmes, and sic # unspeakabill filthie meins to alewr the said Elizabeth to yield to thy desyre, that # it is ane horror to all christian hairtis to heir the samyn recordit. # In sa far as first be the counsall of theis, quhais vickat advyce thow # followit, thow fand the way to mak thy awin nature cum fra ye, and gatherit # the samyn, thow being persuadit yet the samyn being infuisit in ane # apple, and the said Elizabethe eitting thairof, it was not possible # to hir to resist thy filthie appatyde, but of necessitie be yat deweledge # fassone doing, quhilk man be interpratt plaine sodomie, vischecraft and # sorsarie, scho sould be forcit to gif hir bodie to thee; thow to cum to thy # unhappie purpois, tuik ane aple, vykidlie infusit and dobbit thy natur # in the samyn, and indusit the said Elizabethe to eat the said aple, a # thing to be sua far abhorrit, that it is unnaturall to be hard of, # and is ane plaine sodome, deserving to be punnest to the death of itself; # and not content heirwith, proceiding fore in thy vicket and ungodlie # doing, thow, upon the [^BLANK^] day of [^BLANK^] last by past, having # consultit vith sum deweleshe personis, and speciallie with William Lauder buik # bindir, burgess of Perthe, quhome to thow rewelit thy deweleishe # intentioun, schawing yat thow was in luff with the said Elizabethe, quhilk # thow knew perfytlie wald be thy death, and thairfor desyrit him # giff he culd ony wayis help the to attaine to thy purpois, and mak the said # Elizabethe to geff hir bodie to ye, that he wald do the samyn. Upon the quhilk, the said William answrit yat he sould giff ye sum # spenzie flies, callit cantarides, quhilk giff thow sould make the said # Elizabeth to drink of, out of all questioun it would mak her to greine efter ye, # and yield to your desyres; at the quhilk tyme the said Williame # deliverit sum of the said cantarides to ye; and yow upone the [^BLANK^] day of # [^BLANK^] the said Elizabeth being at the table with hir father and mothair in # tyme of

dennar, thow being serveing at the buird, thow tuik the said # cantarides, and keust the samyn in ane drink, and yow presentit it to the # said Elizabeth, quha knawing nathing thairof, drank of the samyn, throw the quhilk scho was in danger of hir lyff, and uring restrenit # upon her be the space of tuentie four houris; and thow, the said David, # knawing this proceidit of thy knafrie, gatt sueitt milk, and maid meit # to hir thairwith, as thinking that sould help hir disais, (quhilk # forme of doing in itself, having respect to the intentioun, man be interprit # plane sodomie, sorsarie, vischecraft, and charmeine, and sic ane filthie # forme of abuse that of it self deserves the deathe) and be this forme of # doing, drawe the said Elizabeth in a far, that thow sould beraiff her of # her lyff giff scho +geidit nocht to thy unhappy desyre. Lyk as also, thow # wpone the [^BLANK^] day of [^BLANK^] last by past, knawing the said # Elizabeth to be bairnelie and fairfull, tuik of the ruittis of daffindillie, quhairof # thow maid ane drink and causit the said Elizabeth drink, quhilk procurit # sic ane vomit to hir, that scho was in danger of her lyff; and not # content heirwith, butt understanding thair was ane wyff callit bannaty, quha was commonlie callit reput and haldin as ane vitche in the # cuntray, thow revelit thy foirsaid vickit intentioun to hir, desyring her # that be her witchcraft, enchantment, and sorsarie all deweleishe and all # vicket forme of doing scho culd best dewyse for performing of this # thy ungodlie intentioun, that scho would mak the said Elizabeth yield to # thy deweleishe desyre, and to this effect send sundry tymes to # hir. Lyk as alsua thow wpone the [^BLANK^] day of [^BLANK^] last bypast, # the said Coleine Eviot of Balhoussie, and the said Elizabeth's mothar being absent # furth of thair dwelling houss of Tillebeltane, quhair scho remainit for the # tyme, to thy former sodomie, vitchcraft, and inchantment, filthie and # deweleishe abeusing in maner foirsaid, junit violence, and pressit to # force the said Elizabethe. The quhilk unleissum unnatural menis, sodome, # vitchcraft, and other of dewelesche doing foirsaid, thow ekeit to thy # filthie

intentioun, and inducit hir to giff hir bodie to ye. And # understanding scho was conceavit with bairne, pressit hir to tak ane drink # to destroy the samyn, quhilk the said Elizabethe utterlie refusit. # Quhairthrow, it is cleir thow art ane filthie sodomet, sorsarar, consultar # vith vitches, and hes maist filthiely by the sodomie, vitchcraft, charmes, # and lyk abusis foirsaids, inducit the said Elizabethe to giff hir # bodie to ye, be unnaturall means foirsaids, contrar the law of God and natur, # quhilk aught to be abhorrit of all christanis. And thair by aucht to # be punieshet to the deathe for the caus foirsaid. Followis the said David Royis confessioun. Att # Tullebeltane, the second day of Februar, the +geir of God 1600 and ane +geiris. # Quhilk day David Roy confessit being examinat anent the matter of # slander betwix him and Elspett eviot, dochter to the laird of # Balhoussie. Confessit that it is tua +geiris syne sen he begane to luiff the said # Elspethe, and becaus he disparit to obteine hir favour be direct menis, # he suttit the samyn indirectlie. Nixt, being inquirit quhat was the # grattest falt for the quhilk he thocht himself maist tuichit in conscience # in the said matter, confessit that the first was the offence the had donne # to God. The nixt was the dishonour he haid done to his maister, and # the thrid was the loss he had brocht upone the young gentill voman. Mair being demandit quhat was the principall thing that troublit # him in his offence towards God, confessit that it was becaus he socht his # luiff be, and he dimittit and be uthair inderect menis that micht oney # wayis conques hir affectioun. Mair being inquyrit giff at any tyme # he haid to do with hir, before he usit inderect menis to obtene hir # favour and goodwill, answerit nevir. And being inquyrit particularlie of the menis usit be him, # whairby he socht to conques hir affectioun, answerit the first meine was # by presenting to hir ane aple quhilk he had dobbit, and in the quhilk he had # infusit ane portioun of his awin natur; and being demandit quhome fra

he lernit that, answerit that being on ane tyme in the company # of Nicolas blair and utheris young men, he hard thame in thair wantenes saying, that they were abill to caus any gentill voman fallow # thame; and quhen he demandit quhat that menis, they answerit him, that # giff any man tak ane apill, and put thairin ane portioun of his awin # natur, and giff to the gentill voman, that he wald have lowing him, it # wald mak hir favorable to him; quhilk thing he confessit he prattyset # upon the said Elisabethe, and that he gaiff hir to eit ane aple quhairin he # haid infusit ane portioun of his awin natur, and that scho eat ane part # thairof, and keust away the corruptit part of the aple. Bot zitt this awaillit him not. Mair being inquirit quhat uther indirect menis he usit, # confessit that on ane tyme he went to Williame Lane in Perthe, and schew him # that he was in luiff with a voman, quhome gif he obtenit nocht, he # knew wald be his deathe, and giff he obtenit it, he knew also wald be # his deathe; and socht of him ony thing that wald conques her affectioun # towards him; that the said Williame Lane answerit that he would giff him # sum spenzie flies callit cantarides, quhilk sould esalie mak hir to griene # efter him; and that he ressavit the said cantarides of the said # Williame, and quhilk he gaiff the said Elspeth to drink thairof; scho and # hir sister Annas baith drank at hir fathairis buird, quhilk wrocht sua upone # thame baithe, that for the space of twentie four houris they mad na # wattir, quhill he ran and gatt sueitt milk, and mad to thame meit # thairwith, and gaiff thame ease. And being further inquyrit quhat uther menis he haid usit, # confessit that on ane tyme he seiking Elspettis guid-will, scho wald # nocht yeld to him, exceptand that he maid hir seik agane; and that # thairupone he had seine daffindillie oftymes usit in drinks to caus # vomating, he past to the gairdner of Arliewicht, fra quhome he gatt some of his # daffindillie, and maid thairof ane drink, whairof first he drank himself, # pretending that it was to cuir him of the stopping of his breist, but # haveing in

verie deed this purpois to allewer hir to drink thairof by his # exampill, that scho micht be seik againe; whairof scho drank, quhilk # sturit hir to vomeiting. Mairover being inquirit, confessit that he communicat his # intentioun in this matter to an heiland wyff in Drumquhar, quha is # supposit to be ane sorerar, quhilk wyff being in Tullebeltane, and the said # Elspethe passing by hir, he patt out his fingear to the said Elspeth, # and said to this heiland wyff, Will ye help me to +gon, and I will be ane # guid friend to you? and that thane scho spak sum ershe words quhilk he # understuid nocht; and confessit thairefter he send hir awin sone to hir, # and bad hir remember the thing that he had bidden hir do to him, and # that he gat na answer from hir agane, bott quhat scho did he could # nocht tell; and being inquirit giff he had giffen hir guid deid at ony # tyme, answerit not, giff that he haid giffen hir ane leaff, and ane drink of # aill at the duire. The said David being demandit quhy he socht the help of # that wyff callit bannaty, rather nor of ane uther woman, answerit, # because the bruit was in the cuntrie that scho was ane vitche. Last of all, confessit, that quhen nane of thir foirsaids # culd effectuat the turne, he come in one ane certaine tyme to the bed quhar # the said Elspeth was then, togidder with ane voman callit marie # valkinshaw, and that thaire he pressit to have lyne with the said Elspett # by violence, hir parents being thane absent, bott that scho refusit, and # crap in under the bed frome him; quhairupon he being purposit to leaff hir, # was cryit up the stair againe be the said Marie, quhome he confessis to # be the first that ever allurit hir to his affectioun, and that sho drew on # that matter be his desyre and derectioun; quhairupon he thare lay with the # said Elspett, and gatt sum pleasour of hir at that tyme, altho nocht # ful contentment; and that the last tyme he had to do with hir, was in the brew houss dore of Retitulloche, quhilk was about ane moneth afor # this deit.

Mair, he confessit that he suspecting hir to be with barne, he # went down himself to William Lane, and said to him, William, I trew # all be wrang, and +gon voman be with bairne; and he said, how could # that be? is that the lang ewill hewit lass that followis the ladie # to the kirk? And that thairefter he brocht down hir watter himself to the # said Williame Lane, to be resolvit gif scho was with bairne or not; as # lykewayis thairefter send the samyn doun to the said Williame to the # samyn effect, and speirit giff the pan was cleine or not. Quha resolvit him, # efter he haid consultit with John Melving thairanent, that the pan was # nocht cleine. And that thair upone he speirit at the said Elspeth, # giff scho wald be content, for eschewing of hir awin shame and his # skaithe, to take ane drink to disolve hir barne, and assurit hir giff scho # tuik the drink, scho wald have na ma bairnis; quhilk scho refusit to # do. Mairover, he confessit that quhen he come down him selff # first with the said Elspettis watter, he gaid thairwith to andro broun, # and tauld him that thair was ane gentill voman mariet in landwart, ane # freind of his, that was seik, and that hir guid man wald giff hir ane # drink, giff he knew scho was nocht with barne; and that andro broun # answerit he could nocht tell be that watter, for it was drumlie, and baid # tak hir watter eftir hir sleip, and bring it to him, and he wald than # tell; quhilk the said David promisit to do. Last, confessit, that feiring sum of the lairdis servandis # sould have injurit him or takin his lyff, he communicat his feir to Williame # Lane, quha counsellit him to send to Edinburgh, and raise law # burrois agains the laird and his servandis, and to that effect pennit ane # lettir in his favour, directed to Mr Robert Young. At Tullibelltane the fyft of the said monethe of februar # and zeir of God above written. Quhilk day the said David Roy being of new examinat anent the

said matter betuix him and the said Elspeth Eviot, deponit # conforme in omnibus to his former deposition, in witnes quherof the # persons that war present at this said examinatioun have subscribit to the # haill premiss. with their hands as followis: sic subscribitur Thomas Nicoll # notarius in premiss: fid. premissa subscribere Mr William Couper # minister at Perthe witnes, William Rus witnes, Robert Mershell of [^BLANK^] # witnes, John Ross witness, Thomas Burrel witness, James Ross # witnes, John Pitscottie witnes, Alexander Lamb witnes. The said Coleine Eviot desyrit the said David Roy to be # putt to the knowledge of ane inquest conforme to his Majesties and Lords # of secret counsalls delyverance above written. Thairefter the said Justice and sheref-deputt foirsaid, # requirit and desyrit the said David giff he had or wald require ony persoun # to speik for him, and for his defens; and sum being requirit be the # said David to that effect, refusit to speik for him in respect of the # odiousnes of the cryme; and thairfoir the said David referrit him to the # inquest. The justice and shereff-deputt foirsaid, ordanit the said # David Roy to be putt to the knowledge of ane inquest, and the persouns # of inquest summoned to that effect to be callit, quherupone the said # Coleine Eviot asked instrumentis. ASSISA. Patrick Rethray of Kinvaid. Thomas Nairne appeirand of Mukarsie. Harie Crychtoun of Benchell. Peiter Hay of Kirkland. John Blair of Melginche. William Ruthven of Arnathe. Abraham Crychtoun porteoner of Bancharie. William Bruce of Miltoun.

John Chalmers of the Bog. William Tyrie younger of Busbei. Andro Drummond chalmerland of Methven. Alexander Lindsay in Tofrollis. Alexander Nairne sone to John Nairne of Muckarsie. John Dow in Prestoun. Lawrence Stewart in Methven. Quhilk persouns of inquest above writtin being callit, and # the said David Roy desyrit and requirit to say against them, or ony of # them, quhy they aucht nocht to pas upone his assyse; the said David # objectit nor alledgit na thing againis thame nor neane of thame, quha # in respect thairof war ressavit, sworne, and admittit to pas upon his # said assyse. Quhairupone the said Coleine Eviot askit aid. And in presence of the said David Roy and personis foirsaid # of inquest, the said declaratioun and suplicatioun of the presbetrie of # the burgh of Perthe, delyverance of his Majestie and Lords of # secreit counsall on the bak thairof, the said David confessioun and # dittay above written, being oppinlie red in judgement; and the said # David being inquirit upone to ewerie poyntt and article thairof, # giff the samyn was of veritie done and committit be him as saide. The said # David granttit and confessit the samyn, and ewerie poyntt thairof, # to be of veritie. Whairupone the said Coleine eviot askit aid: And the saidis personis of inquest being ressavit, sworne, and # admittit, furth of court removit, weill and ryplie advysit, and being in the # heich tolbuith of the said burgh of Perth. The said Patrick Hay, chancelar nominat be the said assyse, having removit himselff out of the # said heiche tolbuithe, and reinterand thairinto againe, declarit to ye # remanent personis foirsaid of inqueist that he haid beine suttand the advyse of # sum

of the ministrie of the said burgh of Perthe, gif that poynt # of the said David Royis dittay above written, anent the giffin of the # aple, and using of the samyn as is above mentionat, was sodomie or not, # quhom of he culd gett na resolutioun nor declaratioun thairanent, # as he recordit. And the said assyse, eftir matur deliberatione, reinterand in # judgement be indematioun of the said Patrick Hay of Kirkland, chancelar # foirsaid, clangit the said David Roy of the hell poynts of dittay above # written, exceptand the saids Patrick Rethroy of Kingland, Thomas Nairne # appeirand of Mukarsie, Abrahame Crychtoun, portioner of Bancharie, William Bruce of Miltoun, Andrew Drummond, chamerland of # Methven, and Alexander Lyndsey in tofrollis, quha fylit the said David # Roy upon the first poyntt of the said dittay anent the aple, and # using thairof in manner foirsaid, and syklyke the said Patrick Rathery of # Kinwaid, and Thomas Nairne, quha fylit the said David upon that uther # poyntt of the said David's dittay, anent ye consulting and halding # commoning with that wyff callit bannaty in Drumhare, bruitit in the cuntray # to be ane wiche, conforme to the said dittay, and that in respect of the # said David Royis awin confessioun. Whairupon the said Patrick Rathry # askit aid. The said Coleine eviot of Balhoussie protestit, for wilfull # errour agains the saidis persouns of inquest, quha clangit the said David # Roy of the odious crymes, granttit and confessit sua done and committit # be him in manner foirsaid, and for remeid of law, and thairupone askit # instrumentis. [^THE HISTORIE AND CRONICLES OF SCOTLAND. FROM THE SLAUCHTER OF KING JAMES THE FIRST TO THE ANE THOUSANDE FYVE HUNDREITH THRIE SCOIR FYFTEIN ZEIR. WRITTEN AND COLLECTED BY ROBERT LINDESAY OF PITSCOTTIE. VOL. II. ED. AE.J.G. MACKAY. SCOTTISH TEXT SOCIETY, FIRST SERIES, 43. EDINBURGH AND LONDON 1899. SAMPLE 1: PP. 57.21-75.5 (GEORGE WISHART) SAMPLE 2: PP. 131.10-134.3 (WALTER MYLE)^]

[}THE ACCUSATIOUN OF MR GEORGE WISCHART GENTILL MAN QUHO SUFFERIT MARTERDOME FFOR THE FAITH OF CHRIST JESSUS AT SANCT ANDROIS IN SCOTLAND THE FIRST DAY OF MARCHE ANNO I=M= V=C= XLVJ ZEIRIS, WITHT THE ARTICLIS HE WAS ACCUSSIT OF AND HIS SUEIT ANSUERIS TO THE SAME QUHAIRIN AR IOYNIT HIS GODLIE WRIESOUNS AND PRAYERIS AS FOLLOWIS.}] [^ORATION TO THE READER OMITTED.^]

(^The Accusar.^) 'Thow fallis arratick runigat tratour and theif, dessawer off the pepill, dispysser of the hollie kirk curssingis and into lyk maner contempes me lord governouris autorietie and this we knaw for suirtie then quhene thow preichit in Dundie and was chargit be me lord governour and his autorietie to desist, nevertheles thow wald nocht obey bot perseverist in the same and thairfor the bischope of Breichin curssit the and deliuerit the in the devillis hands and gaif the ane command thow sall preiche no more, that nocht witht standing thow didist continew.' (^The Ansuer.^) 'My lords I haue red in the actis of the appostillis that [{it{] is nocht lauchfall for the threittis and # manassingis

of men to decest frome the preiching of the gospell thairfor it is writtin we sould rather obey god nor man. I haue also red in the prophit Malachie I sall curse zour blissingis and blise zour curssingis; gif ony consciences had iudgit me to haue done ewill I sould have decistit ffor zour curssingis or ellis ffor zour brotherlie wairningis. Be cause I wssit no wngodlie deid I sufferit patientlie [{zour curssingis into # blissingis{] , beleueing firmelie that the lord will turne zour curssingis into blissingis.' (^The Accusar.^) 'Thow fallis arratick didest say that ane preist standing at the allter saying mese, was lyk ane fox wagand his taill in Iulie.' (^The Ansuer.^) 'My lordis, I said nocht so, those was my sayingis, the murning of the body outwart withtout the invart moving of the heart is nocht ellis bot the playing of ane ape, and nocht the trew serwing of god; ffor god is ane secreit searcher of mens heartis, thairfor quho will trewlie adorne and honour god he most in spreit and werietie honour him.' Then the accussar stopit his mouth witht ane wther artickill. (^The Accusar.^) 'Thow fallis arratick preichis aganis the sacramentis sayand that thair was not sevin sacramentis.' (^The Ansuer.^) 'My lordis and it be zour plesour I taught never of the number of the sacramentis quither thair was sevin or ellevin; so money as ar institut be Christ and ar schawin to ws be the evangell I profes oppinlie, except it be the worde of god I dar affirme nothing.'

(^The Accusar.^) 'Thow fallis arratick thow hes oppinlie taught that auricular confessioun is nocht ane sacrament and thow sayis that we find onlie to confes ws to god and to no preist.' (^The Ansuer.^) 'My lordis, I say that auricular confessioun seing it haith no promise of the evangell thairfor it can nocht be ane sacrament. Of the confessioun to be maid to god thair ar money testaimoneis in scriptur, as quhene Dawid sayith, I thocht I wald haue knawit myne inniquitie aganis myself into the Lord and he forgaif the trespase of my sinns; heir conffessing signifieit the secreit knawledge of our sinns beffoir god. Quhene I exortit the pepill in this maner I reproved no maner of confessioun, and farther [{Sanct{] James said, knawledge zour sins and to ane wther and so lett zow haue peace amang zourselffis.' Quhene that he had said so those wordis, the bischopis and thair compleces cryit and girnit witht thair teith, sayand, 'Se ze nocht quhat coullouris he had in his speiking that he may beguill ws and seduce ws to his oppinioun.' (^The Accusar.^) 'Thow arratick did say oppinlie that it was necessar to everie man to knaw and wnderstand his baptisme, and quhat was contrair to our generall consall and estait of hollie kirk.' (^The Ansuer.^) 'My lordis, I belief thair be nane so wnvyse that will mak marchandice witht ane frincheman or ony wther wnknawin stranger except he knew or wnderstude first the conditioun or promise maid be the frincheman or

stranger; so lyke I wald we wnderstude quhat thing we [{promeis{] in the name of the infant wnto god in baptisme, ffor this cause I beleif ze haue confirmatioun.' Then said Mr Walter chaplaine that he had the Devill withtin him and the spreit of errour; then ansuerit him ane child, saying, 'the Devill can not speik suche wordis as zone man dois speik.' (^The Accusar.^) 'Thow arratick tratour and theif thow said, at the sacrament of the allter was bot ane peace of breid brekin wpoun the assis and na wther thing ellis, and all that is thair done is bot suppestitious rytte aganis the commandement of god.' [^HERE BEGINS A PASSAGE FROM MS I^] (^The Answer.^) 'Och lord god such manifest lies and blasphemeis the scripture doeth not teiche zow as conserneing the sacrament of the aulter (my lordis) I nevir taucht any thing aganes the scripture the quhilk I sall (be godis grace) mak manifest this day I being reddie thairfoir to suffer death. The lawfull wse of this sacrament is most acceptable vnto god bot the gret abuse of it is verrie deteistable to him. Bot quhat occasioun thay haue to say such words to me I sall schortlie schaw zour lordschippis. I once chancit to meit with ane Jew quhen I was sailling vpone the watter of Ryne I did inquyre of him quhat was the caus of his pertinacie that he did not beleive that the trew Messias was come considering that thay had sein all the prophesies quhiche was spokin of him to be fulfilled.

Mairovir the prophesies taikin all in and the cepter of Juda be mony vther testimonyis of the scripture I wincuist him that Messias was cum the quhich thay callit Jesus of Nazareth. This Jew answerit agane vnto me "quhan Messias cummeth he sall restoir all thingis and he sall nocht abrogat the law quhilk was givin to our foirfatheris as ze do for quhy we sie the puire almost perrische throuche hounger among zow zit ze are nocht mowit with pitie toward thame. Bot among ws Jewis (thocht we be puire) thair ar no beggaris fund. Secundarlie it is forbiddin be the law to fain ony kynd of Imagerie of thingis in heuin abone of in eirth beneth or in the sea vnder the eirth bot in god onlie to honour bot zour sanctwaries churchis ar full of Idollis. Thridlie ane peice is breid baikin vpone the ashes ze adore and virschip and say that it is zour god." I haue reheirsit heir bot the sayingis of the Jew quhich I never affirmed to be trew.' Then the bischoppis schuik thair heiddis and spittit into the eird and quhat he meinit in this matter forder thay wald not heir. (^The Accusar.^) 'Thow falls heretik did say that extreme vnctioun was nocht ane sacrament.' [^HERE ENDS THE PASSAGE FROM MS I^] (^The Ansuer.^) 'My lord, for suith, I nether taught any thing of extreme unxioun in my doctrene quhither it war ane sacrament or nocht.' (^The Accusar.^) 'Thow fallis arratick rinigat said that hallie watter was nocht so goode as wasche, and siclyk thow contempest coniuring and said that hollie kirk curssingis availlis nocht.

[^HERE BEGINS A PASSAGE FROM MS I^] (^The Answer.^) 'My lordis as for holie watter quhat strenth it is of I taucht nevir in my doctrin coniuringis and exerzismes gif thay war conformable to the word of god I wald commend thame bot in so far as thay ar nocht conformable to the word of god and commandement thairof I reprove thame.' (^The Accusar.^) 'Thow fals heretick and runagat hast said that evirie ley man is ane preist and suchlyk thow sayest alswa that the paip hath no moir power than ony vther man.' (^The Answer.^) 'My lordis bot [{in{] the word of god I remember that I haue red in sum plaices of Sanct Johne and Sanct petter of the quhiche the on sayeth "he hath maid ws kingis and preistis." The vther sayeth "he hath maid ws the kinglie preistheid" quhairfoir I haue affirmed any man being cunning in the word of god and the trew faith of Jesus chryst to haue his power givin him frome god and nocht by the power and violence of men bot by the vertew of the word of god the quhiche word is callit the power of god as witnessis Sanct paull evidentlie anewch and agane I say ony onlearned man and nocht exerceisit in the word of god nor zit constant in his faith quhatsoevir estait or ordour he be of I say he hath no power to bind or lous seing he wanteth the instrument by the quhich he bindeth or looseth that is to say the word of god.' Aftir that he said thais wordis all the bischopis lauched and mocked him. Quhen that he beheld thair lauching 'launch so meikill as ze pleis' said he 'my lordis thocht thaies sayingis appeir scornefull and vorthie of derisoun to zour lordschippis nevirtheles thai ar verrie

wychtie to me and of ane gret walour becaus thay stand nocht onlie on my lyff bot also the honour and glorie of god.' In the meantyme mony godlie men behaulding the woodnes and gret crudelitie of the bischopis and the invincible patience of Mr george did gretlie murne and lament. [^HERE ENDS THE PASSAGE FROM MS # I^] (^The Accusar.^) 'Thow fallis arratick said that ane man had no fre will bot is lyk to the stokis quhilk say it is nocht in manis will to do ony thing bot that all concupissance and desyre commeth of god, of quhatso ewer kynd it be.' (^The Ansuer.^) 'My lordis, I said not so. Trewlie I say that allis money that beleif in Christ firmlie, into thame is gevin libertie conforme to the saying of Schir Johnne, "gif sin mak zow fre than sall ze weralie be fre." Of the contrair as money as beleif nocht in Christ Jesu thay ar bund seruandis to sin, he that sineth is bund witht sin.' [^HERE BEGINS A PASSAGE FROM MS I^] (^The Accusar.^) 'Thou fals heretick didest say that it is als lawfull to eit flesche vpone the fryday as one the sonday.' (^The Answer.^) 'Pleised zour lordschippis to vnderstand I haue red into the epistillis of Sanct paull That quho is cleane vnto thame all thingis ar cleane Of the contrairie to the filthie all thingis ar vncleane. Ane faithfull man cleane and holie sanctified by word the creature of god so that ane creature may nocht sanctifie ony

impuire and vnfaythfull man. Bot to the faythful man all thingis ar sanctified by the prayer of the word of god.' Eftir thais sayingis of Mr george than said all the bischopis with thair complices 'quhat neideth ws ony witnes aganes him hath he nocht opinlie heir spokin blasphemie?' [^HERE ENDS THE PASSAGE FROM # MS I^] (^The Accusar.^) 'Thou fallis arratick dois say that we sould nocht pray to sanctis bot to god onlie; say wither thow had said this or no, say scharplie.' (^The Ansuer.^) Ffor the waiknes of infirmatie of the heararis he said withtout dout plainlie that sanctis sould nocht be honourit. 'My lordis' said he, 'thair is tuo thingis' said hie 'to wit, the on is certane, the wther wncertane. It is fund plainlie and certan in scriptour that we sould worschip and honour god according to the saying of the first command "thow sall onlie worschipe and honour [^HERE BEGINS A PASSAGE FROM MS I^] "the lord thy god with all # thy hairt" bot as for praying and honouring to sanctis thair is gret doubt among mony quhidder thay heir the inuitatioun maid to thame or nocht. Thairfoir I exhorted all men equallie in my doctrin that thay sould leave the onsein way and follow that way quhich was teached be our maister and sawiour chryst Jesus. He is our mediatour and maketh intercessioun for ws to god his fader. He is the dore by the quhich we most enter in. He that entereth not in by this door bot cleimmeth ane vthir way is ane theiff and murtherar he is the veritie and lyff he that goeth out of this way thair is no doubt bot he sall fall into the myre Ze verielie he is fallin into it alreddie. This is the

fassoun of my doctrin the quhiche I haue evir followit. Werielie that quhich I haue hard and red in the word of god I taucht opinlie and in no corneris and now ze sall witness the same gif zour lordschippis will heir me bot it be by the word of god I dar affirme no thing.' Thais sayingis he reheirsit diuers tymes. [^HERE ENDS # THE PASSAGE FROM MS I^] (^The Accusar.^) 'Thow fallis arratick hes preichit plainlie saying that thair is no purgatioun and it is ane feinzeit thing ony man efter this lyfe to be punischit in purgatorie.' (^The Ansuer.^) 'My lord, as I haue oftymes said heirafoir, withtout expres witnes and testamone of the scriptour I dar affirme nothing. I haue oft and diuerse tymes red ower the bybill and zeit sic ane terme fand I never nor zeit in ony place of the scriptour applyabill heirinto, thairfor I was eschameit ewer to teiche in that thing quhilk I could nocht find in the scriptour.' 'Then said he to Mr Iohnne Lawder his accuser, gif ze haue ony testamoney of the scriptour be the quhilk ze may proue ony sic lyk place, schaw it now befoir this awditour.' Bot this man had not ane word to say for himself bot was allis dwme as ane bittill in that matter.' [^HERE BEGINS A PASSAGE FROM MS I^] (^The Accusar.^) 'Thow fals heretick hast taught plainlie aganes the wowis of monkis freiris nunes and preistis saying that quhosoevir was bound to such lyk vowis thay vowit thame sellffis to the estait of dampnatioun. Mairovir that it was lawfull for preistis to marie wyffis and nocht to leive solitter.'

(^The Answer.^) 'Off suith (my lordis) I haue red in the evangell that thair ar thrie kynd of chast men. Sum ar geldit from thair motheris wombe. Sum ar geldit by men and sum haue gildit thamesellffis for the kingdome of heavins saik Verrilie I say thaies men ar blessit be the scripture of god bot als mony as haue nocht the gift of chastitie nor zit for the evangell haue nocht ovircum the concupiscence of the flesche and haue vowit chastitie ze haue experience all gif I sould hauld my pace to quhat inconvenience thay haue vowit thame sellffis.' Quhan he had said thaies vordis thay war all dum thinking better to haue taine concubines than ony marieit wyff. [^HERE ENDS THE PASSAGE FROM MS I^] (^The Accusar.^) 'Thow fallis arratick and runigat said that thow wilt not obey our generall and provinciall consall.' (^The Ansuer.^) He ansuerit, 'my lordis, quhat zour generall consall are I knaw not I was never exerceissit in thame bot to the puire word of god I gaif my labouris thairto. Reid heir your generall consallis or ellis gif me ane buik quhair thay ar contenit that I may reid thame; gif that they ar agreabill to the word of god I will nocht dissagre.' Than the revenning wollffis ar turnit into widnes and said, 'quhairto lat we him speik ony farther. Reid fourt the rest of the artickill and stay not.' Amang those cruell tigaris thair was ane fallis hepocreit and seducear of the pepill callit Iohnne Gray standing behind Iohnne Lauderis bak, haisting him to reid the rest of the artickillis 'ffor we might nocht abyd thame,' quod hie, 'no more then the Devill may abyde the signe of the crose quhene it is nameit.'

[^HERE BEGINS A PASSAGE FROM MS I^] (^The Accusar.^) 'Thow heretick sayest pairt it is waine to build to the honour of god coistlie churches Seing that god remanit nocht in the churches maid by menis handis nor zit god can be in so littil space as betuix preistis handis.' (^The Answer.^) 'My lordis, salomon sayeth 'gif that the heavin of heavinis cannot comprehend the how much les this hous that I haue buildit' and Job consenteth to the same sentence seing that he is hiehar than the heavins thairfoir quhat can thow build vnto him he is deipar than hell than how salt thow knaw him he is longer than the eirth and bredder than the sea so that god can nocht be comprehendit into ane plaice becaus that he is infinit. Nochtwithstanding thaies sayingis I said nevir that churches sould be distroyit bot be the contrair I affirmed evir that churches sould be sustenit and vpholdin that the peopill sould be congregatted into thame thair to heir of god And mairovir quhairsoevir is the trew preaching of the vord of god and the lawful vse of the sacramentis vndoutedlie thair is god presentt him sellff so that both thais sayingis ar trew togidder god can not be comprehendit intill ane place and quhairsoevir thair ar twa or thrie gatherit in his name thair is he presentt in the middis of thame.' Than said he to his accusar, 'gif thow thinkest ony vther than I say schaw furth thy reassounis befoir this auditour.' Than he without all ressoun was dum and culd nocht answer ane vord. (^The Accusar.^) 'Thow fals heretick contempnest fasting saying that thow sould nocht fast.' [^HERE ENDS THE PASSAGE FROM MS I^]

(^The Ansuer.^) 'My lordis, I find that fasting is commendit in the scriptour, thairfor I war slanderar of the gospell gif I contempt fasting and nocht so bot I haue leirnit, ay, be experience, that fasting is goode for the health of the body bot god knaweth the trew fast." (^The Accusar.^) 'Thow fallis arratick hes preichit oppinlie saying that the saull of man sall sleip to the latter day of iudgement and sall not obteine lyfe immortall unto that day.' (^The Ansuer.^) 'God, full of marcie and goodnes ffor gif thame that [{sayeth{] suche thingis of me. I wait and knaw trewlie be the word of god that he quhilk had begune the faitht of Iessus Christ and beleiffit firmelie in him, I knaw that the saull of that man sall never sleip, bot ewer sall leif ane imortall lyffe, the quhilk frome day to day is renewit in grace and agmentit nor zeit sall never perische or haue ane end but evir immortall sall leif witht Christ, to the quhilk lyfe all that beleif in him sall come and rest in eternall glorie. Amen.' [^HERE BEGINS A PASSAGE FROM MS I^] Quhan the bischopis with # thair complices had accused this innocent man in maner and forme afoirsaid incontinentlie thay condampnit him to be brunt as ane heretick nocht haweing respectt to his godlie ansueris and trew ressounis quhiche he alledgit nor zit to thair awin conscienceis Thinking verelie that thay sould do to god gude sacrafice conformable to the sayingis of Sanct Johne. 'Thay sall excomunicat zow zea and the day sall cum that he quhich killed zow sall think that he had done god guide service.' (Zit thay desyrit him to rewoik all thingis that he had

prechit sen that ze come in the realme of Scotland without ony licence or admissioun of the kirk. (^The Answeir.^) 'God forbid broder that I rewoik the preachin of goddis word quhilk is the evangell of Jesus Chryst that will I nevir do bot rather die thairfoir). [^HERE ENDS THE # PASSAGE FROM MS I^]

(^The Accusar.^) 'Arratick, quhy passis thow about in previe houssis, teicheis and seduces the pepill to awarice and learning charmes and inchantment to hald thame fre the kirk service?' (^The Answer.^) 'Werilie brother I do not so, I hald no goode man nor woman fre the kirk of god bot rather alluris thame to serue god witht all my heart and schawis thame the commandementis of god as I can witht the Lordis prayer and beleif and to gar thame wnderstand thair awin sallvatioun.' (^The Accusar.^) 'Bot thow was ane preist, quhy hes thow left the mese?' (^The Answer.^) 'Brother, because I could nocht win my meit witht it bot now for my meitt I teiche the commandementis of god ffor it was so lichtleit and weliependit that I could gett nothing for it, bot now for my meitt I teiche the commandementis quhair I may instruct the pepill or how thay sall bring wpe thair bairnes in godis feir.' Then ansuerit Mr Androw Oliephant and said:

(^The Accusar.^) 'Arratick war thow nocht ane preist and curatt of the parochin of Lunen besyde the Reid castell in Angus, quhair thow flede as fugitiue and ane witht the callit Schir Iohnne Petre serwand to the Lord of Ermaith, quho war delaittit and gevin wpe to the cardinall our maister and to ws as arraticks and seducearis of the pepill and for that cause fleid out of the contrie as fugitouris and was condemnitt quhair ewer he could be appriehendit to be brunt, thairfor we neid not to mak no accussatioun nor deletioun of zow at this tyme mair.' Then Walter Myle ansuerit and said: (^The Answer.^) 'Brother, trow it is I was currat at Lunen and serwit the cure xx zeir and no man I traist in that paroche will pleinze on me bot they will say I ame ane christieane man and leiffit as ane christieane man and in spetiall the lord of the reid castell quho duallis withtin the parochin that I serwit that he never hard me teiche ane erronious doctrene nor zeit wse my lyfe nor conversatioun wngodlie.' Than Mr Androw Oliephant said: (^The Accusar.^) 'Arratick quhy left thow thy parochin?' He ansuerit againe: (^The Answer.^) 'Brother, because the furieous cardinall persecuttit me and money mo, and sought our lyffis to have sched our bloode for Christis word [^HERE BEGINS A PASSAGE FROM # MS I^] and becaus I maryed ane puire woman to be marrow to me that I micht keip the law of god to avoyd fornicatioun and to be a help to me in.'

(^The Accusar.^) 'Arratyk knawis thow nocht that it is aganes the lawis of haly kirk that thow souldest be ane preist and marie ane wyff.' (^The Answer.^) 'It is nocht aganes the law of god howbeit I was persecuted wrangouslie be the said cardinall [^HERE ENDS THE # PASSAGE FROM MS I^] and that caussit me to contenew myself quyitlie, and to gang about and ask my meit for godis saik as wther poore men, wnknawin of ony body bot zeit my heart could nocht suffer me to come in the house quhair banning or sueiring was and blasphematioun of the name of god bot wald snibe the same and schaw thame that law of god quhat revaird they sould gett that blasphemes his name and oft tymes I was wssand my self in this maner; thairfoir I was wnwayit and taine and brocht heir captiue, bot not for no scheip steilling nor wrangous geir bot for the law of god and teiching of his worde to the pepill.' (^The Accusar^) 'Than said the bischopis, 'will thow obiure, and burne thy faggott and thow salbe saif.' Than ansuerit Walter Myle: (^The Answer.^) 'To obiure that will I nocht grant my self ane arratick quhilk I ame nocht bot ane trew serwant of god serwand him witht powertie quhillis gangand to my bede but my supper ffor I desyre no walth in this warld, ffor I trust my revaird salbe in heavin. Do witht me as ze pleise zour selffis at this tyme, I man tholl zour iudgement bot better it war to

zour lordschipis to helpe and gif me sum thing to my wyffe and tuo bairnes, quho ar lyk to tyne for faltt; as ffor my death I cure not.' [^VERNACULAR WRITINGS OF GEORGE BUCHANAN: CHAMAELEON. ED. P. HUME BROWN. SCOTTISH TEXT SOCIETY, FIRST SERIES, 26. EDINBURGH AND LONDON 1892. PP. 42.21-53.27^]

[}CAMELION, WRYTTEN BY MR. GEORGE BOUCANAN MENTE OF THE LARDE OF LIDDINGTON, SECRETARIE OF SCOTLANDE.}] Thair is a certane kynd of beist callit chamaeleon, # enged[{erit in{] sic cuntreis as ye sone hes mair strenth in yan in this # yle of Brettane the quhilk albeit it be small of corporance # noghtyeless it is of ane strange nature the quhilk makis it to be na les # celebrat and spoken of than sum beastis of greittar quantitie. The # proprietie is marvalous for quhat thing euir it be applicat to it semis to be of the samyn cullour and imitatis all hewis except onelie the quhyte and reid and for y[{is caus{] ancient writtaris # commounlie comparis it to ane flatterare quhilk [{imitatis{] all ye haill

maneris of quhome he fen+geis him self to be freind to # [{except{] quhyte quhilk is takin to be ye symboll and tokin gevin # commounlie in diuise of colouris to signifie sempilnes and loyaltie and reid signifying manli[{nes{] and heroyicall courage. This # applicatioun being so usit +git perad[{venture{] mony that hes nowther sene ye said beist, nor na perfyte protraict of it [{wald{] # beleif sic thing not to be trew. I will y=r=fore set furth schortlie ye # [{descrip{]tioun of sic ane monsture not lang ago engendrit in Scotland in ye cuntre of Lowthiane not far frome Hadingtoun, to yat effect yat ye forme knawin, the moist pestiferus nature of ye said monsture may be moir easelie evitit: for yis monstre being # vnder coverture [{of a{] ma~nis figure, may easeliar endommage and # wersid be eschapit than gif it wer moir deforme and strange of face, behaviour, schap and memberis. Praying ye reidar to apardoun the febilnes of my waike spreit and engyne, gif it can not # expreme perfytelie and strange [{creature{] maid be nature, other # willing to schaw hir greit strenth or be [{sum{] accident turnit be force # frome ye commoun trade and course. This monstre being engendrit vnder ye figure of a man chyld first h[{ad{] ane proprietie of # nature, flattering all manis Ee and sensis yat beheld it, so yat ye # commoun peiple wes in gude hoip of greit vertu[{s{] to prosper with ye # tyme in it; other ferdar seing of greit harme[{s{] and dampnage to # cum to all yat sould be familiarlie acquentit wi[{th it{] . This # monsture promovit to sic maturitie of aige as it could easelie flatter # and imitat euery manis countenance, speche and fassoun, and subtill to draw out ye secreittis of euery ma~nis mynd, and depravat # the counsellis to his awin propir gayne enterit in ye court of # Scotland ye ... and having espyit out not onelie factiouns bot singular personis, addressit the self in ye begy~ning to James # ef[{ter{] erll of Murray, and Gilbert yan erll of Cassillis men excellent in the tyme, in all vertuus perteining to ane nobill man and speciall # in lufe of the commoun welth of yair cuntre: and seing yat his nature could not bow to imitat in veritie but onelie to # contrafat fen+geitlie ye gudnes of yir two personis, nor +git change # yame to his nature thocht expedient to leane to yame for a tyme, and

clym up be yair branches to hiear degre, as ye wod bind clymeth on ye oik and syne with tyme distroyis ye tre yat it wes # supportit be. So he having cum to sum estimatioun throw hanting of yir nobill lordis (quha wer yan estemit of euery man as yair # vertuus meritit) wes sone be gud report of yame and ane fen+geit gudnes in him self put in credeit with ye quene regent, verelie ane # nobill lady and of greit prudence bot +git could not espy ye gilt # vyces vnder cullour of vertew hid in ye said monster, specialie being clokit be fauour of ye two foirsaid lordis, in quhais company # hir g[{race{] wald neuir have belevit yat sic ane pestilent venu~ # could haue bene hyd. The first experience the said quene had of him wes in sending him to France for certane bissines occurrent for ye tyme quhair he did his commissioun sa weill to his awin # intention, and sa far frome ye quenis mynd, that he dissauit ye cardinall of Lorayne quha ontill yat day thocht him self not onelie auld practicien bot als maister +gea doctour subtilis in sic # materis of negociatioun. His fals dealing being sone persavit and he # greitlie hatit +git scho being ane lady of greit prudence could not # defend hir self from subtilltie, bot within schort tyme be meanis of # sic as belevit him to be yair freind he crap in credence agane be ane other dur, and vnder ane other cullour bot +git could not so # weill as he wald invent new falshead because of ye auld suspitioun # and being of auld suspectit sone persavit, and in dangerie to be # taken reid hand and puneist efter his meritis he fled out of Leyth # and coverit himself with ye cloik of religioun sa lang as it could # serue bot neuir sa closse bot he keepit ane refuge to sum sanctuarie # of ye Papistis, gif ye court had changeit as to ye bischoppis of # Sanctandrois and Glasgow, and vyeris diuerse quhais caussis wer in his protectioun and yairfoir ye haly Doctour Cranstoun depertit to him largelie of ye spoyle of Sanct Saluatouris College, and # wes manteinit be Chamaeleon aganis all law and ressoun; besyde yat he wes ane man contaminat in all kynd of vycis. How far afoir ye cuming hame of ye quene ye kingis moder he wes contrary to all hir actiouns and fauourabill to hir aduersaries and # inclynit to hir depriuatioun, it is notourlie knawin bayth in Ingland and Scotland to sic as mellit yan with ye affairis of ye estait in # bayth

ye realmis. Efter ye quenis cuming hame he enterit schortlie (be changeing of cullouris and turning out ye other syde of his cloik) and halding him be ye branches of ye erll of Murray and for ane tyme applying him to ye quenis G. heir, that he allone wes hard in all secreit materis casting of lytill and lytill # ye erle of Murray, and thinking yat he wes strang enewch to stand by himself, on leaning to ye [{erle{] of Murray. And because ye # erll of Murray plesit not mony [{interprysis{] of mariage than # attemptit, as with ye princes of Spayne, with ye d[{uke{] of Anjow, with # ye empriouris brother, the said Chamaeleon applyit himself to all yir parteis, and changeing hew as the quene sweyit ye ballance of hir mynd and followit ye appetyte of hir lust. And [{at # lang{] the quene be avyis of hir oncles, devysit to destroy ye erl of Mu[{rray{] thinking him to be ane greit brydill to refrane hir appetitis, and [{impediment{] to leif at libertie of hir # plessure; not yat euir he usit ony violence anentis hir, bot yat his # honestie wes sa greit that scho wes esch[{amit{] to attempt ony thing # indecent in his presence. Scho yan being deliberat to distroy him be ye erll of Huntlie, went to the nor[{th{] and he in hir cumpany; # and howbeit ye tressoun was oppynnit [{planelie{] , and Johnne # Gordoun lying not far of ye town (Aberdeen) with a greit power, and ye erl of Murray expresslie ludgeit in ane hous separate fra all # uyer habitatioun and his deid be diuerse wayis socht; this # Chamaeleon quhether of sempilnes or for layk of foirsicht or for bauldnes # of courage, I refer to euery manis conscience [{that{] doith knaw # him he alone could se no tressoun, could feare no d[{angear{] , # and wald neuir beleif yat ye erll of Huntlie wald take on hand sic ane interpryis: howbeit yair wes gevin aduertisement of it [{out{] # of Ingland and France, l[{ette{]res taken declarand it and ye # mater manif[{est{] befoir all me~nis Ene. It wer to lang to reherse # and not verie ne[{cessar{] for ye p[{rese{]nt, it being knawin to # sa mony quhat diverse purposis wer tane, quhat dangearis eschapit all # ye tyme of yat voyage, ontill the quene come to Aberdene agane and how miraculous wes ye victorie: bot ane thing is not to be # pretermittit, that ye said Chamaeleon wes ane of ye reddiest to gnaw ye bainis of ye deed, to spoyle ye qwyk and mak his proffeit at

yat marcat. Efter this the oursey trafficque of mariage growing cauld, the said Chamaeleon going in Ingland, delt sa betuix ye Protestantis and Papistes that he changeit dailie colouris # sumtyme flattering ye ane, sumtyme ye other, and making euery ane of yame beleif that he laubourit onelie for yame; and amangis # other thingis be ane prevy intelligence with ye quene and verie few # of ye nobilitie, practiz[{it{] ye mariage of ye quene and Henry # Lord Dernlie, of ye quhilk he maid neuir ye erll of Murray prevy, # vntill all wes endit. Howbeit ye erll of Murray did neuir thinge nor tuke neuir propose without his advise and counsale. Heir ye mater quhilk he had raschel[{ie{] brocht on, wes neir ye poynt. Seing yat ye quene of Ingland disagreit with it for certane # respectis, and ye lordis of Scotland for ye caus of ye religioun. To ye maintenance of ye quhilk thay desyrit ane promeis of ye # quene and ye said Lord Dernlie. The Chamaeleon in secreit flatterit # ye quene and opinlie tuke the colour of ye religioun and at ye # lang (seing my lord of Murray for being precise and plane in all # doingis cast out of court) cled himself onelie in ye quenis colouris # vntill yat Dauid prevalit aganis him and had in a maner ye haill # credeit of all wechtie materis. At yis poynt thinking him self in werse caise yan he belevit, socht to mak ane other change of court, # and set vp new play agane, awaytit on the court sumpart disgracit, louking for sum new cullour to apply him self to. In yis mene tyme ye quene seking to move sum thing in ye religioun, maid ane qwerrell aganis certane lordis of the principallis of # Scotland, the quhilkis, albeit yat ane ressonabill power faillit yame # not, and yat ye fauour of ye cuntre wes for yame, +git to schaw yair # innocency quhen yai could not brek ye quenis obstinat mynd of yair distructioun be prayer and sollicitacioun of freindis thay # left ye cuntre and went in Ingland, +git Chamaeleon held ye small grip yat he had in court secunding to Dauid. In yis menetyme ye parliament set to forfalt sic lordis as had fled in Ingland, # except ye duke quha did be intercessioun of siluer by his remissioun # fra Dauid. The rest of ye lordis quhilk were of wisdome or # estimatioun, partlie requirit be ye king quha wes in na credeit in respect of Dauid, partlie for yair awin libertie conspyrit ye deid of # ye said

Dauid, and executit the same. Chamaeleon cheifest ennemy to Dauid eftir the kingis grace, +git not being advertisit be the # lordis of yair interpryise and suspectit of the quene, knawing his # dowbilnes, quhyther for verie feare or preparing ane entre to ye quenis fauour, fled as vtheris did: and eftir lang fetchis brocht # agane to ye court, kest clene fra him all colouris of ye kingis and # cled him agane in ye quenis colouris, and wes ane of ye principal # instrumentis that nurissit dissensioun betuix hir and ye king: the quhilk practize howbeit he wald haue dissimulatit, sum tyme brak out with him; as to ane nobill woman praying God to gif ye king and ye quene grace to aggre, he answerit, God let yame neuir aggre: ffor yay leving in dissensioun, he thocht yat his dowbilnes # could not be espyit out. And yan seing ye Erll Boithuile cum in # credeit he flatterit him and evin as yai aggreit in all poyntis to put # doun ye king, seing yat he prospering yai could haue na lyff, sa # eftir ye king deid, the Erll Bothuile, having in yat practize knawin his falset, and fearing his inconstancy and desyring to be # deliuerit of sic an witnes socht his deid: and he having na refuge in ye # quene for ye samyn cause tuke for a [{tyme{] ye erll of Mortonis # colouris and being borne furth be him ag[{ains{] ... ye erll boithuiles power and hatrent sa lang as he wes in fear ... vnder ye erll # of Mortonis wingis and ye feir past schew him[{self{] ye said # erllis ennemy and having no sufficient caus, nor appe[{arand{] indice # of separatioun of cumpany and kyndnes he fen+geit yat ye [{said{] # erll of Mortoun had conspyrit his deid, to be execute be sum of ye erllis freindis and to prove ye said conspiracy allegit ane # fam[{ous{] witnes ( (\maiorem omni exceptione\) ) the nobill and vertuus # Lady Gy[{ltoun{] . Now to returne agane to our propose efter ye deid of ye kin[{g{] devysit be him executit be ye erll Boithuile, # for feir of ye sa[{id{] erll he lurkit a quhile out of court vntill ye # tyme ye quene at Carberrie [{Hill{] come to ye lordis, and ye Erll # Boithuile, fled to Dunbar. Than [{he{] come to parliament and with sum otheris participant of the kingis sl[{aughter{] wald haif had # ye quene slane be act of parliament; and not finding mony consenting yairto and specialie ye erll of Murray yan c[{hosen{] regent # being in ye contrair, he sollicitat some previe men [{to{] gar hang # hir on

hir bed with hir awin belt, that be yat way he and his # partinaris in ye kingis murthour mycht be deliuerit of an witnesse; # knawing weill ye quenis nature, yat quhen sho wes misscontent of ony # man scho wald tell all sic secreittis as scho [{did{] knaw of him. # This propose not proceeding as he desyrit, he t[{urnit{] him first # in flattering with ye quene and send to hir being in # Lo[{ch{]levin, ane picture of ye deliuerance of ye lyoun by ye mouse; and nixt turnit his haill wit to ye distruction of ye erll of Murray # thinking yat ye wickit could not proffeit greitlie so iust a man having # ye supreme power and als seing yat ye quenis craftines wes abill # at ye lang to ouerthraw ye erll of Murrays sempilnes. So he bendit all his wittis to ye said erllis eversioun and ye quenis # restitutioun and procedit in yis caise, partlie be making ane factioun of ye counsalleris, and partakeris of ye kingis murthoure of men # lycht of fantase and covatous of geir partlie be corrupting of my # lord of Murrayis freindis and seruandis and travellit principallie # with ye laird of Grange, thinking yat it sould be ane greit strenth # to ye factioun to haue ye castell of Edinburgh at yair command. The regent being diuers tymes aduertisit of yir practizis wes # of so upricht nature yat he wald beleif na thing of ony yat he had takin in freindschip, quhilk he wald not haif done him self; # and als mony of ye factioun in ye begy~ning thocht it had bene bot ane ligue defensive aganis ye power of ye greate, that is # accustumat to ouerthraw the small in tyme of troubill. In yis menetyme come ye deliuerance of ye quene out of Lochlevin, the quhilk he wes not ignorant of, and specialie be # ye meanis of his cousing Johnne Hamiltoun of ye Cochuoch (al. Coheugh): +git he tareit with ye regent to keip ane cullour of honestie and yat with ye quenis consent quha had gevin him and diuerse otheris yat wer in my lord of Murrayis cumpany fre remissioun for all bipast. Bot ye battele chansing vyerway~is yan he desyrit and # belevit +git he persistit in his propose to distroy ye regent not # opinlie bot be secreit meanis as being sent diuerse tymes to commoun with ye Lord Flemyng euir did ye contrair of ye propose yat he wes send for and euir tendit to hald ye cuntre in vnquietnes; and # in

all assembleis for appointment, tendit to haue all bipast # remittit to keip ay thevis and revaris in courage and to abase ye hartis of trew subiectis yat sould haif na hoip of redresse of wrangis done to yame be ye kingis rebellis. Eftir yat be ye diligence and wisdome of ye regent the cuntre wes brocht to sum stay, and iustice lyke to haif ye over hand, the kingis rebellis # purchessit at ye quene of Inglandis handis yat scho sould considder ye greit wrangis [{as yai said{] done to hir nixt nychtbour, being nixt # of blude to hir, and other be hir requeist or puissance caus hir # be restorit agane to her former authoritie. The quenis maiestie of Ingland having +git no les regaird to iustice nor to # consanguinitie, desyrit sum of ye principallis of ye nobilitie to repair to # hir or hir deputtis for thir requeistis and complayntis; and my lord # deliberat to go in persoun wes in doubt, having ellis enterit in sum # suspiciouns of yis Chamaeleon quhethir he sould tak him with him self, or leif him beheind: for taking him he doubtit not bot he wald hinder ye actioun in all maner possibill, and leaving him behind that following his naturall complexioun he wald troubill ye cuntre, in sic maner yat it sould not be easelie in long # tyme brocht to rest agane. At lang having deliberat to take him with him, and perswadit him bayth be giftis of landis and money, he fand to be trew in deid all yat he suspectit afoir; ffor euery # nycht in a maner he co[{mmun{]icat all yat wes amangis vs with sum of our aduersaries and armit yame sa far as he could agane ye said regent. Bot ye force of ye ressonis and cleirnes of ye haill # deductioun of ye caus yat my lord regent vsit, wes sa perswasive to ye auditouris yat be Chamaeleonis aduertisement the kingis # mother dischargeit hir commiss[{ioune{]rs to proceid forther and # differrit to ane mair commodious tyme for hir: ffor it wes weill knawin to hir yat ye quenis maiestie of Ingland and hir counsall had # allowit ye said regentis procedingis; and ye ambassadour of Spayne # seing ye horribill cryme sa abhominabill to all honest men refusit to speik ane word in ye mater, and ye Frensche ambas[{sadour{] excusit him self that he spak be command of [{his{] maister. In yis menetyme the said Chamaeleonis secreit practize with the d[{uke of{] Norffolk suspectit afoir begouth to brek out be

sum letters of Mai[{ster{] Johnne Lesleis callit bischop of # Ross and als be ye duke himself, [{put{] in hoip of mariage of ye # Scottis quene be yame, the quhilk practize wes handillit sumpart # putting feir to ye regent yat he could not re[{turne{] in Scotland # with his lyff without ye dukis fauour, be ressoun of gre[{it{] # preparationis yat wes maid aganis ye regent on bayth ye bordouris of Scotland and Ingland: partlie be tempting of ye said regentis mynd, # [{quha{] answerit to ye duke of Norffolk, (^That he wald be glad that ye q[{uene{] recognoscing hir falt and repenting, sould mary ony # gude Christian [{man{] of nobill house^) . The rumour of yis # dealing wes sa opinlie spo[{ken{] in ye court of Ingland, yat ye quenis # maiestie wes constrainit to wryte to hir lieutenentis to mak ye regent # be put sauf in Scot[{land{] and so he wes without any recontre, # bot of ye erll of Westmureland not far frome Durame quho seing ye regentis cumpany and ryd[{ing{] throw yame thocht not best to matche with yame. The next asse[{mble{] wes at Glasgow quhair ye Ha~miltonis bragging, bot could not be [{party{] , be # meanis of him and otheris yair fauouraris with ye regent wer ressauit to # sic an appointment as wes greitlie to yair avantage and ye said regentis disadvantage. And quhen yai sould haif gevin plegis to performe ye said appointement as wes compromittit, thay did bot seke delay; and so ye principallis of yame [{wer{] # committit to ward in ye castell of Edinburgh. The haill mater wes # secreitlie handillit be the Chamaeleon. The quhilk handilling apperit more planelie at an conventioun at Sanctandrois; quhair yair wes twa headis principallie disputit: first, (^Gif the erll of Huntly # sould haif gener[{al{] remissioun for all reif and oppressioun done be # him and his freindis in all tymes bipast;^) or, (^gif ye kingis actioun # pardonit, prevat men sould have actioun to crave thair awin geir:^) nixt, (^Gif # ye erll of Huntleis haill assistaris sould be comprehendit in ane # remissioun with him.^) The quhilk twa headis ye Chamaeleon and his # complices preassit ernistly be all meanis to be ressauit, as said is, and yat not without boisting of Franche men and Spanzaris and mony vther inconvenientis; and all yis done to disscourage ye kingis trew liegis, and lychtning ye hartis of rebellis in # hoip of impunitie of all wrongis yat yai sould do in tyme to cum, and # to

hald ye haill cuntre in rebellioun and inquietnes to consume at ye lang ye regent quhilk yai knew to be p[{uir{] of substance # and liberall of courage. And +git wer not yir thingis mair subtilly devysed, nor yai wer constantly resistit be ye regent and his # trew counsall. And seing that yai could not cum to yair propose this way, thay causit new articles to be devysit in Ingland, # twiching ye quenis cu~ming hame: to ye quhilk albeit yair wes sufficient answer maid in London, +git for ye samyn cause wes devysit ane assemble of lordis in Sanct Johnestoun, with ane additioun of ane commissioun of diuorcement of ye Erll Boithuile and the quene, and to ye effect of ye haill, mony writtings [{wer{] # purchessit of boith wyse men and greit men of Ingland. Schawing planelie yat it wes ane foly to Scotland to presse to resist ye marriage betuix ye quene and duke of Norffolk; ffor it wes devysit be sic wisdome and to be executit with sic force as Scotland wes not abill to resist; and not without consent of ye quenis # maiestie of Ingland. Heir, albeit Chamaeleon and all his quhelpis ragit neuir sa fast the contrait wes concludit and schawen to the # quenis grace of Ingland be Alexander Hume gentilman of mylord regentis hous. And becaus the quenis maiestie wes not fully satisfeit at yat tyme, ane vther convocatioun wes haldin at Struieling, to ye quhilk the Chamaeleon assurit of my lord # regentis clemencie and proude in his awin consait bot fearing for his demeritis eftir sum dubitatioun come to Struieling and wes in doubt not without cause. For about yis tyme my lord regent, aduertissit yat ye Ha~miltonis had decretit to murthour him he schew bayth ye taill and the authour to ye Chamaeleon, of ye quhilk Chamaeleon reprovit vehemently ye Ha~miltonis that # could not keip yair counsall mair secreit and yis aduertising being schawin be sum of ye Ha~miltonis to my lord regent, +git he sufferit pacientlie. At Ste~rling ye articles being declared at greittar lenth, the Chamaeleon wes attecheit be iustice and chargeit of ye kingis murthour the quhilk greivit him havelie, and preissit at my lord regentis hand ye cryme to be changeit, and he to be accusit of ye troubles lyke to ryise in Ingland # and Scotland throuch ye forspoken mariage; for he thocht yat matter

to be consauit and devysit sa substanciallie, yat nowther # force nor wit could mak impediment to ye performance of it, and belevit suirlie yat sic ane cryme sould redound to his greit prayse and opinioun of wisdome. This not obtenit he obtenit aganis all ye said regentis freindis will, to be send to ward in ye castell # of Edinburgh quhair he wrocht aganis ye nature of ye Chamaeleon, ffor he changeit the greitar part of yame of ye castell to his # colour sa weill, yat ye conspiracy of ye regentis deid lang afoir # consavit wes yan brocht to effect. Eftir ye quhilk he wrocht be sic # meanys yat he perswadit ye haill lordis yan p[{rese{]nt in Edinburgh # to be enlargit of his ward, vnder promeise to compeir and answer to # ye cryme of ye kingis murthoure layd to his charge, at sic day as # he sould be callit, and vnder hoip to be ane gude instrument of # concord amangis ye lordis and ane day prolongit to sik of ye # Ha~miltonis as wald purge yame selffis of ye murthour of ye regent vnto ye first day of Maii: bot sone being adioinit with vther of his factioun he changeit yat colour, and perswadit vtheris # complices of ye murthour for feare and sum sempill personis be ane fals # colour of proffeit, to convene to ane schorter day, viz.: ye tent day # of Apryle, assuring yame yat ye castell as it wes being thairz # [\sic\] , and ye toun als (for ye capitane of ye castell wes podrest # [\sic\] , that yis rumour sould caus mony to convene to yame and yair # aduersaris disgracit sould haif na place to convene togidder; and yat ye quene of Ingland troublit alreddy with ciuile warre at hame mycht ye mair easelie condiscend to yat syde wrait to hir # letteres partlie flattering partlie threatning and to schaw hir yair # greit power send ane roll of ye lordis of yair syde quhairin wes # comprehendit sum lordis neutrallis and mony of y=r= aduersaries, beleving yat leyis maid in Scotland could not be tryit in Lundoun. And seing yat ye toun of Edinburgh could not be perswadit to rebell with yame, and yat ye cuntre convenit not as yai hopit and ye breking [{of{] ye bordouris succedit not to yair # proffeit, the moist part flittit camp and went to Lynlythquow, and yair set furth yair proclamatioun dytit be Chamaeleon (as wes afoir ye # erll of Westmurelandis secund proclamatioun) and yairby set vp ye quenis authoritie quhairof he (tareing in ye castell of # Edinburgh)

kepit him self clene, as Pilat wesching his handis of ye dead # of Chryst. And sens that tyme as afoir yis gude subiect and # seruand to ye kingis g[{race{] confortit with counsale and conveying # out of ye cuntre ye rebellis of Ingland the samyn being ennemeis to ye king of Scotland and prattit proudlie vantyng yat his pen sould be worth ten thowsand men and threatnit schamefullie (gif he had reservit any schame) the quenis maiestie of Ingland with wordis of quhilk ye memory sould be rather abolissit be # pvnitioun of him yan rehersit for yair impudency; and fearit not to mak # sa oppin a leye to nobillmen of Ingland as yat ye kingis trew # subiectis acknawlegeing his authoritie wer not abill to assembill # togidder fyve hundreth hors, quhair yai saw within four dayis moir yan fyve thowsand assemblit out of [{ane{] cornar of Scotland. And ay sensyne he hes bene at all convocatiouns of the kingis # professit ennemeis in Scotland in Dunkeld, in Ath[{ol{] , in Strathbogy, # in Braidalbin, and other quhair, and kepis contrebank to Mr Johnne Leslie of Kingusie, in all directionis to put ye king out of # his estait, his realme and at lenth out of yis erdlie lyff. Now, I pray +gow espy out quhat proffeit ye quene, our # kingis moder, sall gadder of him yat hes bene (as scho knawis) sa # oftentymes traitour to hir moder, to hir selfe, to hir sone, to hir # brother, and to hir cuntre. Scho will be exemplis considder yat how mony colouris yat euir yis Chamaeleon change, that it can neuir # aganis ye nature of it, turne perfytelie quhyte. (\RESPICE FINEM, RESPICE FUNEM.\) 1570. [^THE WORKS OF WILLIAM FOWLER: AN ANSWER TO THE CALVMNIOVS LETTER AND ERRONEOUS PROPOSITIOUNS OF AN APOSTAT NAMED M. IO. HAMMILTOUN COMPOSED BY M. WILLIAM FOVLER. ED. H. W. MEIKLE. VOL. II. SCOTTISH TEXT SOCIETY, THIRD SERIES, 7. EDINBURGH AND LONDON 1936. PP. 19.1-35.28^]

[}ANE ANSWER VNTO THE EPISTLE.}] It is a saying na les commoun then commonly prouit trew: he quha passes the bounds of schamefastnes, and brekes the borders of modestie, may euer afterwart laufully be impudent. For the nature of vngodly men, be raschful temeritie and insupportabill audacitie, destitute of the feare of God, not retening in thair actions ather honestie or iust measure, but willingly despysing reasoun, searches vitious extrimities, quhairby they endeuoir thame selues not only to put to executioun be violent force, all vice and beastly crueltye, Quhilk ather yairto be peruerse mens counsal are persuadit, or be thair awin cankred effectionis preassit. Bot also # fostering their foolishe foly with yair furious fantasies, employes yair haill power, trauel & diligence, calumniously to sclander, & sclanderously to blaspheme partly thame, aganist quhome iniustly sic violent beastlines yai haif wrocht, partly vthers be ye lyke schameles impudiencie to quhome sic outragious mischeif, & inhumane cruelty, iustly is displesant. quhilk of lait be example mair nor manifest is ratifeit, And in experience be an vngodlie apostat, an filthy & impure pest of man confirmit. Sua it is (louing Reader) I being in Paris # inhumanlie inuadit, & be this bouchour (with vthairs accumpaneit) cruelly persecut, quhilk vnto yame, quha did behald sic outragious dealing gaue ane large mater of sorrow: & to vthair godly men in Scotland, an ampill occasion of grit greif, quhairof freindly being admonishit, & be sum sharpely reprouit, # despysing ye ane, & contemning ye vthair, reiecting all admonitions quhairby to repentance he micht bene brocht, now laitly

agane his euil wil not being changit, nor his malicious mynd appaisit be doggishe rage & enraged dispite, as for his last dispair geuin a fairweil to al godlines & honestie, nocht only my fame & honour (quhilk I micht sufferit with pacience) bot Gods seruants blasphemously hes defamit, & his trew religioun sacrilegiously impugnit. This euidentlie may apeir by his treatise an notabil act of apostasy & ye maist calumnious that euer was red, the iniurious superscription quhairof gaue me not samekil the occasioun of lauchter (being mair superstitious nor religious) then the contents yairof ministred vnto me the mater of meruel, quhilk men wald beleif, him for to haue it written be an ardent desyre and zele of veritie, then throuch ostentatioun or arrogancy, les nor his vitious life, & vnbridelit behauiour war mair knawin, nor his deuot affection manifest. Be ye quhilk proudly puft vp, & arrogantly inspyrit, mair aboundant he is in detracting nor in honoring: & in defaming mair copious, then in deuly praysing. Althocht in it nathing he can craue, or iustly to him vendicat yairin That is his, # Iniuries, Lies, Calumnies, Periuries, and dispytefull inuectiues being exceptit (as rasche railars, Seditious doctrene, Vennom of intoxecat breists, Flattring lyis, teuthles Dogs, Calumnious Impostures Foolisch, Mischeauous, dangerous Errors, impoysonit breastis, hideous trumpeters of Seditioun, affectionat # ministers of Lyes, Rauing headis Abominabill, Damnabill, Detestabill, Condemnabill heresies, Theaues, Reuars, and Stealers) with vyair infinite blasphemous wordis almaist the hail contents of his treatise, vnwordy to be written & vncumly to be rehearsit, gatherit out of the bordel, quhairin he euer maist hantit, to defame Christis seruants, & to blaspheme his Kirk. O iniquitie of tymes! O corruptioun of maners! O shameles malice that passis measure! Are thir ye frutes of Philosophie? Is this rauing railing decent for an maister, quhais lyfe sould be ane example of modestie & grauitie, zit makes him selfe the mirrour of lyes, the Trumpet of calumnies, & ye roote of vanitie. shameles Foole, whair doth foly force thee yat thou sould be so immoderat in displaying filthely ye force of

thy venomful toung? miserabil ar tha Discipillis (monstrous heid) quha by thee are reuled & instructed, for quhat may thay els learne of the yan yat quhilk yai heare? or how canst thou instruct yame verteously, quha sa vitiously dois lyue? bot quhair honesty can haue na suey: modestie can haue na strenth. This thy writing ye vmbre & shaddow of thy actionis is voyd of wit, and thy railing without ressoun, yat gif be iudgement punishment sould be decernit, with torments rather thou art to be confoundit, then with arguments confuted. Treuth it is indeid that from all replying my wil did mekil abhorre, willing to quenche ye remembrance of sa immoderat iniuries, be forgetfulnes, and to burie ye memorie of sa grit offences be obliuioun. zit les, nor throuch my silence, his lyes perhappis sould haue sic aduantage of ye treuth, yat, yat quhilk maliciously be writ and deade in effect he hes performit, as rycht sould be receauit. I am forced to enter in defence, to satesfie be iuste report thais quhais heartis are not preocupat be his false narratioun, nor myndes preuentit be his feinzeid falshoode. How hard & difficil a thing it is vnto yame, quha be ye singulare mercy of yair God, hes engrauit in yair harts, an detestatioun of erroneus doctrine, & superstitious idolatrie, quyetly without dissembling grit cummer & perrelous danger, to remaine in Paris ye tresonabill treasons, ye bloody # massacars, the vnnaturall slauchters, & horribill murders yair committit wil testifie, & ma ages yan yis wil beir record. for Satan with sic cruel rage, hes swa enragit & enflamit his seruantis # aganist ye members of Christ, yat nayer yair vntowardenes can be assuagit by ye feare of Gods punishments, nor malicious mindes repressit, be his fearfull threatnings, nor yair # wickednes coolit be his terribill iudgements, zea yair vngodlynes hes sa far increassit, yat ye hope of saluatioun can not alure yame from it, for sa grit hes bene yair vnbridelit feruencie to # pleis yair maister, & sa lytil yair thochtles cair to pleis our God. Sa vehement hes bene yair thrist efter ye blood of Christs people, and zit not quenchit: sa grit is yair drouth, but zit neuer slokned: seing yat dayly ye deuill mouis ye myndes of his awin to all horrible impietie, and ye harts of sic wood

tygers to commit al wyld cruelty. Paris, Rouen, Tholouse, Orleane, Burdeaux with vyair innumerabill Touns in France, may (allace) serue for ouercertane proofe in yis mater, & my selfe for a witnesse. Sua ye case is (gentill Reader) & so ye mater standeth. That feruent zeale in professing Christs Euangel, & # contemption of Idolatrie, quhair with God of his mercy from my zoutheid endeued me, procurit aganis me ye enuy, & indignation of idolatrous Papists quha perceuing yat nather yair friuole arguments, nor alluring promeissis, micht perswade me to abiure Christes trewe religioun, and embrace yair feinzeit fantasyes, & forgit inuentions, tooke at lenth # counsall to follow yair accustomit course, and in place of christiane admonitioun to lat me fele sic stripes, as of their foirfathers the people of God rasauit of before, quha seikand the occasioun how vnder pretence of particularities they micht coulour thair cruelty, & couer thair hatred kendled against me for the cause of Religion, The whisperings wherof not being vnto me secreit, nather the takins obscure, I auoidit warly, & from sic maters willingly absteanit, as might haue mouit thame to execute yair enterprise. quhairthrouch thair rage being for a space deferrit mair then degestit, at last an Hammiltoun (a modest man) be sum Scottis papeists commandit, & be others requestit, following yair aduise to accomplish thair desire, & persewing his awin determinatioun to execute his tyranie, be thir menis fulfillit it. To my Lord ARBROITH maister IOHNE HAY a Iesuist presented an buik composed be him contening certaine questions proponit to our ministers. I entring in my Lords Chalmer (quhairin also this apostat was present) raceauit of maister Iohne Hay another likwise, and sum of the articles thairof being disputed betuix vs, and be him mair querrelously # discussit nor modestly rasonit, We fel after this prolixt disputatioun, into that article quhairby the autour of the Buik affermes the making of Images not to be contrair vnto the command of God. my Lord (mouit be ane constant zele of religioun) replyit, that not onely it was derectly against the command of God, but also the making of them was expresly

contrair his Maiestie. he sophistically be a vaine distinctioun of representatioun & adoratioun, confuslie confounding # altogether, eludit Gods commandiment. My Lord desiring me to ansuer: be a familiar argument I insistit in the contrair, that cumming from S. Germains port, I did sie blind men praying with reuerent prostratioun of their bodeis, & # discouerit headis vnto the Image thair placeit. And thairfoir bene inforcit freindlye to demand of him, I did require if any thing could be represented to the blind men? na thing. in respect that nather the sensles Image did thame behald, before quhilk thay war prostrat, nather thair eies being blinde & destitute of sight, could regard it. Restis then yat quhilk conueniently of this argument insewis, that this thair actioun can not be callit representatioun, bot adoratioun & # worshipping, expresly & derectly contrair to the command. My Lord glaidly considerit the force of the argument, & seing thairby our blind rabbi, so suddenly ouercome, that to vex his lordship with farther disputatioun he micht not, nather be ansuer to molest me, courteously rais out of his Chyre, and as I had triumphit, embraced me: quhairat our maister apostat hauelie commouit, & raging within him selfe, immediatly cam running from the otherside of the Chalmer, desiring me againe to receit my argument. I in place of praise & victorie, desiring only the treuth to haif place, fulfillit # his desire, he then in this priuie conference, thinking that he might boldly iniury me, nane being present to beir record yairto, na vtherwise answerit to the consequence (then away damnable heretique, I sal pluk zour Luggs, I sal ding out zour harnes,) to ye quhilk brauling quyetlie I replyit, that he wald offend in performing his promises, nather wald I with pacience suffer sic bragful bosting if he alane wald discharge him self of the same. This querrulous conference thus being endit, I taking my leaue of the companie, depertit. And thair efter did conuene with him, and as he couartlie performit, that quhilk with baldnes he promised: I on ye vther part sumquhat commouit tuik leue at my awin hand of acquentance to visite his eare. Quhairof our countrey men (I mene thais yat ather wilfully hes abiurit thair Faith, or be

a blind zeale impugnis the saming) being aduertised, & # grittumlie reioysing, that heirby occasion commodiously was offred, to performe that quhilk befoir was deuisit, neglectit na tyme, bot thair hail wittis spedely imploiit, to caus this apostat to put thair counsel to execution. To yat end diuers conuentionis wer halden, declaring how I contemnit thair religioun, & micht not by ony moyen persuade me to embrace it. And how they micht peraduenture brokin my Lord Arbroith of his constancie, & sindrie times easily persuadit him to # their faction, if yat I had not by insisting in the contrair # withstand thair purposis, and to agrauat the caus, & to mak me ye mair odius, yai forgit infinit leis & fals accusations aganist # me. Finaly to persuade this burrio to tak the mater in hand thai laid befoir his eies how grittumly al Catholikkis suld be # obleist vnto him, & how far his auin name yairby sould be aduancit. Bot it was not hard to consel him, quha in yat mater was redier to obey then yai ayer to command or requeist: quhairof he gaue euident signes in quhatsumeuer companie he come in, of ye quhilk I not being ignorant, & thinking yat Dogs rather barquet throuch custome then throch cruelty mair of vse than of wildnes, secuirly I contemnit his brauling & lichtlye regardit his boosting, seing gif yat querrell war to be # debaitit (In ye quhilk al men if occasion requyre, sould spend yair lyues) or yat controuersy decydit, betuixt me & him onlye, ayer be disputatioun or vthar extraordinar meanes: nather suld he find me fant in ye last, nor sluggishe in ye former. Neueryeles his malice encressing, diuers times be deceat he awaitit on me, accompaneit with a grit number of young men, of ye quhilk sum gentil men hauing knawlege, socht ye way to stay his enterprise (wisely considering yat it was easy to him with grit force to ouercome me in Paris, quhilk in frier places and alane had perhappis not bene so facill) & purchessit ten dayis abstinence, zit he obseruing the reul approuit amongs yame, yat na Faith sould be kepit vnto yame quhome yai esteme as heretiques. The thrid day after quhilk was ye 18 day of Marche. 1580. I not weil instructed in yat point, yat mistrust was ye Mother of Securitie, suddenly

was onbeset & at vnwaris inuadit be him & 13 debauchit scollers: quha violen[{t{]ly casting yair hands all with one # preis vpon my body & thrawing me to ye ground, tred me vnder yair feite. The pepill astonyit at sic lawles outrage, be sa mony persounis aganist me alane execute. Demandit Whisperingly, quhat menit sic horribill handling & cruel demaning of me? quhat was ye occasion yairof? yai esteming yat ye pepill wald haue succourit me to hinder yair helpe, cryit out yat I was a Huguenot, a Heretique, a contemnar of ye Saints & a blasphemer of ye virgen Marie. quhairat yai war sa commouit, yat enragitly yai conioynit yair force with yair fury, presing fordwart euery on to strike me, & to plague me mair yan to release me of my pane. But wald God yis had bene all, quhilk was ouer mekill, or ye rest a lye, quhilk is to monstrous. For yis Butchour with his complices backwart trailit me through ye rewes, with thair feit & edges of thair Muiles batit on my face, with penner[{s{] inkhornes & # batons vpon my head, to the effusion of my blood in grit quantaty, Diffigurating of my visage & wounding of my bodie. And albeit that from the college of Forteret throuch the rew d'amandeis be the head of the place Maubert shamefullie thai trailit me, euerie man & woman running from the market places to behald sic a spectakil, zit thai neuer desistit in raling fra iniuries, nor in persewing fra crueltie. For be oppin force they drew me in the colledge of Nauer, & thair shamefullye in the presence of sax hundreth dischargit thair beistlines. Zea his cruelty with his complices tyrannie, sa far extendit, yat my breist was na mair sparit nor my bak, my craig nor my face, & being by my bluid quhilk fel in my throt, almaist wirried, the power of my bodie rather ouercome and strenth tyrit, then my courage failzeing, how I dispysit his creueltie sa far as my voyce micht extend. ( (\Composito ad hilaritatem vultu subridens dixi, execute execute tyrannidem apostata, corpus habes in hoc saeuito animum tamen inuictum gero, nec me vnquam huius supplicij ob Christi euangelium pudebit.\) ) To compt the sorows quhilk I sustenit, and reakning the pleagues quhilk I receuit, I am certane

wald rather breid an admiratioun, then an beleif. But I mene not (gentle Reders) to offend zour guid & modest minds with the rehersall of sic immoderat iniuries, quhose eares I am assured dois glow, and haertis alreddy greuin at that quhilk I haue vterit, And zit I knaw that sic horrible and monstrous beistlynes is hard to be credeit of thame quha knawes not the nature of thir cruell tygers. But the Lord is my witnes befoir quhais iustice sait I most compeir, that in this hail discourse I haif not excedit the bounds of treuth. Nather I think yat anie manis toung is abill to atteine to the hundreth pairt of # the particularis, quhilk at that present this poore carcage # suffered. I haue lykewise many noble, leirnit, wise, & godly # countriemen to beir me recorde heirin. Sic as the Lord of ARBROITH. The Earle of CRAWFVRD, The Maister of MARCHAL, The Lord of LENDORS, and Syr IAMES BALFOVR, quhome I name all to thair grit honour, quhairof for thair courtesie, christian # loue, and freindly confort shawin vnto to me in my hauie distres I am compellit of deutie to be cairful sa lang as my lyfe sal lest. Quhairfoir referring this mater to thair testimonie I will be shorte, seing they are worthie of credit in a gritter matter nor this alreddy beleuit. It is not my purpose cairfully to refell, quhatsoeuar this filthy apostat falsly in his # vennemous & godles letter, hes writtin, seing the honorable gentilmen befoir namit haue alredie conuictit him to be a shamful lyer. Now I can not sufficiently meruel how this feinzit Wofe, dar be so bauld as to couer sic cruel dealing with the Gabart of the Rectoris command. Truly if the mater war weil tryit in ye Maturinis, he wald be found an vnthankfull suppost to staene the honnour of his chief Magistrat, with sic outragious tyranie. This I am able to proue, how boldly I can not tel, how truelie I knaw, that the executioun of this beistlie fact came soner vnto the Rectors eares: then anie complaint maid aganist me. Bot geuin at the requeist of this vnnaturall Dog, a vndiscreit Rector wald sa far haue extendit his # autoritie, I wald knaw of this impudent lier, quhat coulour the Rector could pretend to sic suddane commands. In maters of Religion he is na ordinar iudge: for sic cases are referrit vnto the

court of Parliament, befoir the quhilk willinglie I wald haue comperit, knawing assuredly that be the King his edict of Pacificatioun, quhilk sic vnbrydelit and debordit Brigans dois contem, and by the cleirnes of my conscience void of crime, I wald esilie bene absoluit: If he wil alledge that in # particular iniureis the Rectors autoritie was iustly interponit. zit be na Law he can mak it iust to condem a man befoir he be ather hard or sene. As concerning tha iniuries quhilk fa[{l{]slie he aledgis to # be done vnto him be that maist modest godlie and leirnit man Maister NICOLL DALGLEISCH. in that point he hes als leudly & lounlie lyit, as in all ye rest. For as this apostats debordit and # vicious life, bent to contentioun & stryfe, euer farther from modestie, then from vanitie did abhor: sua the maners & good # conuersatioun of Maister NICOL DALGLEISCH war adornit with sobriety & wisdome. Zea be the contrair it is not vnknawin to many in PARIS how proudly this vnnaturall scoffing foole, iniuryit yat godly man, & how impudentlie his arguments being in a lauful forme proponit, admittit the twa former sumptionis, and the conclusion ansuerit, Ergo glaikis, with v[{t{]her # iniurious words, quhairof he was compellit be his chief to make amen dis be word altho[{g{]ht in hart he retenit stil his auld # venome. I pas of purpose many rayling words, quhilk be his vntamit toung he blastis out against Gods seruants with out occasion, for sic an obscure Harlot yai neuer thoght worthy to be namit from that place, And returning vnto those, quhilks zit with blawen cheakis, riftingly he speuis forth against me. specialy in braiding vnto me vnthankfulnes: as if yat I had maid guid cheir with him, in his house. thairby geuing to vnderstand how familiarly he leuith with them, quha hes zelously professed the treuth. I beseik zow (gentil reader) to haue me in this point appardonit, quhilk he wald haue importen sum misterie, seing for ye iustification of my cause, & for ye discharging of my honour, I am forcit to discouer yat quhilk glaidly vtherwise I wald conceal: & vrgit to reuele mair than my modesty wald permit, or my honestye allow. It chanset me indeid at my first arryuing to Paris, for certen

priuat busines, to seke a cousing of his in his chalmer. at quhat tyme he being at his parisien brekfast, offred vnto me sic coursly common courtesie, as na man almaist without ruid & vngentle churlishnes, can neglect. I being inforcit be his inportune requeist, dranke with him in deid, bot sa far from ryatous surfetting and grit gluttonie, as I micht weil haue receauit my part of an vther disione. now seing he is not aschamed to obiect vnto me sic smal triffils, vnwordy to be rehearsit not sa mekil proceading of loue, as of commoun # custome, thou may easily (gentle Reader) consider the mans nature. As touching the familiarity betuix him & others of our religioun: I wald knaw quhither it wer of loue, or of # hypocrisie? of loue he can not say, seing he professis him selfe a deadly ennemie to al them that steadfastly mainteanis the cause of God. And thairfor promisis to prouide new mater to our Ministers, meaning thairby, to slaye hurte or persicute sum man. Besides that commonly in his drukkin lawings, he brags bosts & threatnis, that I sal be the last protestant, that euer sal lycht a candil in Paris. And thairfoir by # necessarie consequence we may conclud yat it is by plain dissimulation, that this suppost of satan Iniyres [^ln IN THE EDITION^] him # selfe in the companie of them that feareth God, wating thairby the occasion to cut thair throttis. It is sumquhat of veritie, that I haue sene sum, & heard vthers quha hes bene familiar with him, bot only for this and siclyke occasioun. namely to marcke his vanity in his words, his pryde in his actions, & his ostentation in his # learning connexit with extreme folie (sic as my Prince & my goun lynit with Veluot) thairby seikand sum pastyme mirrily to mock his folie. For I knaw my selfe that his scabrous compend for ye space of halfe a zeir, did in weary affternoins refresh vs meruelling that ambitiously he causit his discipil Hiraquene, to compose sum epigramms in the commendatioun of him in philosophye, that they might bene put in the first leif of his compend. bot the discipil being als litil versit in poesie, as the master yairof is altogether ignorant, gatherit vther mens epigramins in praise of poesy. The 20. zeir maister

thinking the verse to haue a good trot, & sophing them rather by thair sounding, nor scansing them be iust measure, approuit them althocht impertinent to the purpose. and thocht thay war agreable to be placit befoir his buik. vntil my brother master IOHNE GEDDIE (quhome for our tender loue & for the good expectatioun of his pregnant spirit, I name) reiding the verses be ye master through: ostentatioun to him offred, did admonische him, that thay war not congruant vnto the mater, nor agreable vnto the subiect. For the discipils # intentioun being to prease his master Hammiltoun in philosophy gaue him the commendation of a poet: sa far yat he did say in him (\numina quinque latent\) . quhen rather (\decem # furiae\) . Thairfoir Hammiltoun vnto quhome my pen now I derect, vant nocht insolently, fauour not thy selfe vanely, bot # consider that nane for thy good conditions, gentle qualities, or grit wisdome hants thy societie, or do embrace thy companie. quhen sum only to remarque thy shameles vanitie & vthers if possible be, to win the agane & delyuer thee from the deuils clawes, ar bot with the familiar. desist then from thy # calumnious railing & leue of Hammiltoun thy sclandrous calumnies. make an end at last of thy folie, and measure thy selfe by thy awin foote. It is ambitioun that gydes thee, and vaine gloir that blinds thee. Amend by correctioun rather, then fail be perseuerand malice, estemit not solid leuing or cumly commendatioun, that yairto thou may espyre by the detracting of my learning. For albeit far from any on the an part, my youthful age through hir course for a season hes me remouit, (the, 21, zeir of my birth not zit expyrit) sua on the vther, thou grosse creature, of gritter age then of spreit, of zeirs then of knawledg, hes bene in the Scholes of philosophie befoir my natiuitie. zit praisit be God we are not of sa abiect mynde, (without arrogancie be it spokin) sluggish, simple, or sa ignorant that will be deceauit by thy sophistrie, or # stainzit by thy calumnies. As concerning my predicesseurs. Quhat may thou charge them with quhairof canst thou accuis them? haif thay bene traitours vnto thair Kings? conspyrit thai yair slaughters?

or haue thay slaine the Kingis Maiesties Regents? not. For vtherwayis al Scotland wald conuict the of a lie. My # Grandfather, Guidshir & Father: ze & befor them thair proginitours on baith the sides, sa lang as thay had the usury of this life hes bene obedient subiects vnto thair Kings, & borne offices as magistrats in the Toun of Edinburgh. thair honestie & guid behauiour towards all men, wer alsueil knawin togidder with thair faithfulnes towards thair Superiours as the treasone crueltie & murthers of thy nerrest blood is manifest. culd thy brother (the Chappelier) absolue him from the cruel murther of the Kings Gudschir quhen he being at his cruell slaughter in Striuiling lay stikkit in a gutter? but allace the death was ouer honorabil that suld preuentit the gallous. yairfor (\Parcius ista viris tamen obiectare memento\) . To returne to the purpose, Amangs my forbears, thou art not able to name any, that euer was attemptit with sic crymes as thou falslie layis vnto thair charge. If I wald giue place vnto my affections, or in referring euill woordes wald with thee contend, from the quhilk debait my wil dois mekil abhorre, I might ius[{t{]ly paint thee in thy awin couleurs, & mak thy awin maners odious vnto thy self: les nor in so doing I wald peraduentur offend the eares of the Godly, being yairto enforcit by thy sclanderus railing. For if ather honesty might mouit the, or ressoun had possessit thee, besidis the tinsal of thy estimatioun, thou suld not causit vther mens honours to cum in hazard, nather by irreuerent scuffing & iesting tants by malice speuit furth against Gods predestinatioun, maid it als foolishelie, as ignorantly, a defence for thy mischief ignorantly I say, becaus to quhome significations of words are not knawin, things be them signified are not weil vnderstand. For in place of prescience and foreknawledge, scoffingly thou vsis predestination, being of the # significatioun maist ignorant. To the quhilk I ansuer (correcting the in the word quhairin lourdly thou hes errit) yat God did not compell thee to execuit sic outrage against me, nather by fatall destinie driuen the (as thou ieasts) to sclander his Ministers, & to impugne his treuth (for thairunto thy wicked wil and cankred affectioun was bent) Zit because God did

foirknaw & hath fortald, that his seruants sulde be persecut be trubles and suffer ignomie for his saik: It was not contrar vnto his wil that thou suld sua haue done. Albeit heirfoir thou is not frie from cryme, seing sic excusis Iudas micht haue vsit in betraying Christ. For wicked men do not obey God, how soeuer thay put to executioun tha things quhilk the Lord our God him self hes appointed. For obedience proceadeth of a voluntier affectioun trusting to please him. And zit thou persistand in thy foolishnes, fearing to forget thy vanitie vnaduyslie maks thy selfe guilty of trasoun, in ratefiing and approuing the murther of the first Regent. For in scorning me, thus wayis thou writes. that I rather demereit to be put in the Kalender of our Bybill, seing that I was persecuit be thee as an enemie to Religioun, nor vthers quha war slaine for particulare feid, & not for Religioun. We are not ignorant of quhome thou wrytis: defame him baldly, Inuy his honour, desist not from thy railing, approue mair nor regret his murther, the dome is decernit, the sentence is pronuncit: the gallous is abyding thee. Alwayis as it is the leist portioun of my wil to ansuer to sic scuffings: sua it is not ye maist part of my deutie to # repres thy scandaleux tong. For as thairin na end culd be had: sua yis writing thairby suld excres to an grit volume. zit for eschewing of prolixity quhilk may procure tidiousnes, and for the pretermission of thy calumnious railing, quhilk may breid offence, I wil end. Protesting alwayis we be hard concerning the ancient Docteurs. quhais autorities nather we contemne nor dois reiect, bot willingly thame imbraces. prouyding that thai be conformable to the word of God, agreabil euery an with vther, and not dissenting from them selfes. Attour quhair matrimonie thou improuis, & chastitie wald persuad because that thou hes set doun Dissimulatioun as a setled sentence, esilie I can not be persuadit, that thou hes discommendit in the Ministers that honorable band of # Matrimonie, be God autorisit, be Christ decorit, and by the haly Gaist in the mouth of the Apostle honorit. For as it war a world to creddit that Clodius earnestlye reasonit of pudicitie: sua it is a wounderful thing to heare Hammiltoun a common

harlot commend Chastitie. Thy harlatrie is als oppinly knawin to vs in Scotland & in France: as thou art thairof in thy awin conscience priuie. Zea mair assuredly I affeirme that our Ministers als modestly vsis thair awin Wyffes, as thou hast filthely abusit vthers. Looke, inquyre and searche the hail estait of the Ministrie of Scotland, nane sal thou find quhais lyfe & conuersatioun is not als mekil to be commendit, as thine with the hail Pasturs of zour Cacolyke kirk is to be dispraisit. In this mater na vther proofe I wil vse than bring zour awin Writars for confirming of the same. Quha testifies that zour Kirks was as bordels, zour Altars as beds for Whordome, and the Priests with Freiris vnder pretence of confessing, ather seruit as Panderoussis to corrupt Wemen; or as Adulteras to abuse them. This halynes (I wil not say opin wickednes) was not in priuat pasturs onlie, bot also in Abbots Byschops, Cardinals & Paps, the fauorisiers, permitters & defendars of sic enormities. For Pape sixtus gaue full dispensatioun for fornications & adulteries that was filthely vsit in Italy in his tyme: sua thay fel not in the horrible cryme of Sodomie. all Hoores for the tollerance of thair bordellis as laufull tributairs payit him monethlye in Gold. The Epitaphes of thair libidinous lust and lycherous lyues ar zit extant as a monument of thair commendable chastetie. As of Pape Sixtus. (\Sixte iaces tandem, deflent tua busta cynoedi, Scortaque Lenones, alea, vina, venus.\) And of the innatural incest of Pape Alexander. (\Hoc iacet in tumulo, lucretia nomine, Sed re Thais, Alexandri filia, Sponsa, nurus.\) Thir ar the signs of the chastitie of the Romane Prelats quha thinks it les sin to enterteine Harlots than to associat them selfs in the band of Matrimonie. Thir ar the takens of thair grit continencie, and the fruits of thair empoysoned doctrine. quhilk being but a mas of erors & abusis, hes the vogue of christian Religioun. Zit nane thair is of sa lytle iudgement,

that wil thair eyes open: or sa expert of knauledge, that can not perceaue it to be only an heip of trumperies, deceits, & superstitious abusis. In confirmatioun quhairof, as our Ministers couragiously raceauis thy vnaduisit offer: sua thay being assured of victorie, cryis prouokes and appels zou all to disputatioun. And for yat effect I on thair behalf, desyres thee (if be thy behauiour thou maye come in sic creddit) that thou requeist thy Prince, that licence may be impetrat fra the King of France and his counsel to our Ministeris to cum to France, quhairthrough sall ensew tua grit commoditeis besides many vthers, the an in sauing of expensis, the vther in releauing of zour bodies from trauel. Prouiding alwayes that with saife conduit pledges be grantit for the securitie of thair bodies and preseruatioun of thair lyues, because thay haue plaine proofe & dayly experience of zour fals promises & deceatfull treasons; that without grit danger vpon naked promisis and ane bair letter, thay can not hazard thame selfes. For the grit malice ze haif conceaued against thame: & the cruel murther of IOHNE HVS and IEROME of PRAGA shamefully betr[{a{]yit at the counsall of Constance, with the tressonable and horrible massacars dayly committit with the violatioun of zour faith contrair the seruands of Christ; makis thame at last to become mair wise and mair circumspect than of before. Neuertheles, I think that this offer of disputatioun be not be the rest of our Scottis papists # proponit, bot vanely & vousteously be zow offred. For then diffidently and maist dispairitly thay wald do, if thay wald commit to sic an ignorant asne the maist vnlearnit amangs thame all anie argument yairof. Delyte not Hammiltoun in thy pregnant wit I wil not say thy fo[{o{]lishe vanitie? bot a smal prick of a preine may scail the wind in blawin bleddars. In end, as voyd and emptie vessels rings maist and rattels loudest: euen so thou of gritter ostentatioun then of doctrine, of arrogancie then of knawledge, of rasher railing then of solid reason, bosteously after thy blasphemies thus wayis concludes, if thou proue not Christs euangel, or our trew Religioun quhilk truely we profes, ane heip of auld condemnit

heresies thou with the rest sal be content (iudgement without mercy being execut) to suffer the fyre. Facil men wald peraduenture think, that zelously thou hes this offred. Bot surely we of thy dissimulatioun and conscience in Religioun by thy intercepted letter weil instructed. can zeild na vther faith vnto thy words, or credence vnto thy promisis then thy dissembling deserueth. Thy zeale in Religioun was neuer besides thee in sa grit price, that thou preferrit not # thy particulare vtilitie befoir Gods seruice, & thy priuate # commoditie before his worshipping. Bot if it may be demed be thee, and iudged by vthers, that mair by accusatioun, then through iust reason I sa suspect thee. let thy awin setled iudgement giue proofe heirin. & that thou sould haue na cause ayther to accuse me in depriuing thy dytement, or in wraisting thy words: I haue set downe a portioun of thy letter directed vnto ane. quhais name for sindry respectis I haue conceald. I pray zow heir the saying of a foole. Ze knaw the answer of the wise King of France, ( (\qui nescit dissimulare nescit regnare\) ). And Cicero sayis, (\mens cuiusque est quiusque\) . # ze haue anewe of paragraphis of the tit. (\De dolo malo.\) and how it differs fra the contrair Nouella. To win a Baronie of land ze wil find out ma goleinzeis then a poke wil had. that is zour craft. vse it to the preseruatioun of zour saul. My heid raues efter seiknes. &c. How canst you defend thy impiety masquet hypocreit? how canst you remoue from vs that persuasioun that thou art not an atheist & epicurien? is thair any sa far from knawledge, or sa dotish? sa sensles, or sa ignorant, that may not manifestly and by plaine confessioun, decerne thy Godles conscience? Whether if I suspect the wrangfully or nocht: let thy awin words beir recorde and the indifferent reader Iudge. I will not vse farder writing, ether in reprouing thy foolishnes, refelling thy calumnies, or in brydling thy venomous toung. bot ending, returne vnto that, from the quhilk the grounde of this apologie hes flowit. That albeit the wicked

nature of godles men, enemies to all trew Religioun, trauels be al moyen to oppres the professours of the same. Zit earnestly we call vnto God that thairby we may nocht be discouragit. calling to remembrance, we are aduertisit our condition to be, for to awake by approbris, zea in doing good calumniously to be accusit. And that God hes this Law imposit and inioynit vnto his Kirk, that tha quha beleues in him, sal not only be molestit, troublit, and cruelly persecut, bot also with ignominie, & infamie condemnit to the death. And seing our conditioun is not better then the Apostles, quha war estemit as superfluities of the warld, we thinke it na shame howsoeuer for the testimonie of the Euangell we be persecuit, or to be configurat with our Maister and Sauiour CHRIST IESVS: quha was crucified for vs, & to that end resuscitat in gloir, that in his persoun, all quhilk we for the testimonie of the treuth indure, sal be turnit to our ioy, and conuertit to our comfort. To whome be euerlasting gloir, with all honour, and praise, for euer, [}S. LVKE. XVII.}] It can not be auoydit bot that offences wil come, but wo be to him through whome they come. It war better for him yat a grit Milstone war hangit about his neck, & that he war cast into the Sea. &c. [^MINOR PROSE WORKS OF KING JAMES VI AND I: A COUNTERBLASTE TO TOBACCO. ED. J. CRAIGIE. SCOTTISH TEXT SOCIETY. EDINBURGH 1982. PP. 87.1-99.15^] [^THE SIGN / IS SOMETIMES USED TO SEPARATE TWO WORDS IN THE EDITION. IT IS PRECEDED AND FOLLOWED BY A SPACE IN THE CORPUS. WITHIN A WORD THE SIGN IS OMITTED.^]

[}A COUNTERBLASTE TO TOBACCO}] That the manifolde abuses of this vile custome of (^Tobacco^) taking, may the better be espied, it is fit, that first you enter into consideration both of the first originall thereof, and likewise of the reasons of the first entry thereof into this Countrey. For certainely as such customes, that haue their first institution either from a godly, # necessary, or honorable ground, and are first brought in, by the meanes of some worthy, vertuous, and great Personage, are euer, and most iustly, holden in great & reuerent estimation and account, by all wise, vertuous and temperate spirits: So should it by the contrary, iustly bring a great disgrace into that sort of customes, which hauing their originall from base corruption and barbarity, doe in like sort, make their first / entry into a Countrey, by an inconsiderate and childish affectation of Noueltie, as is the true case of the first inuention of (^Tobacco^) taking, and of the first entry thereof among vs. For (^Tobacco^) being a common herbe, which (though vnder diuers names) growes almost euery where, was first found out by some the barbarous (^Indians^), to be a Preseruative, or Antidot against the Pockes, a filthy disease, whereunto these barbarous people are (as all men know) very much subiect, what through the vncleanly and adust constitution of their bodies, and what through the intemperate heate of their Climat: so that as from them was

first brought into Christendome, that most detestable disease, so from them likewise was brought this vse of (^Tobacco^), as a stinking and vnsavourie Antidot, for so corrupted and execrable a Maladie, the stinking Suffumigation whereof they yet vse against that disease, making so one canker or venime to eate out another. And now good Countrey men, let vs (I pray you) consider, what honour or policie can mooue vs to imitate the barbarous and beastly maners of the wilde, godlesse, and slauish (^Indians^) , especially in so vile and stinking a custome? Shall wee that disdaine to imitate the maners of our neighbour (^France^) (hauing the stile of the first # Christian Kingdom) and cannot endure the spirit of the Spaniards (their King being now comparable in largenes of Dominions, to the great Emperor of (^Turkie^) ) Shall wee, I say, that haue bene so long ciuill and wealthy in Peace, famous and inuincible in Warre, fortunate in both, we that haue bene euer able to aide any of our neighbours (but neuer deafed any of their eares with any of our supplications for assistance) shall we, I say, without blushing, abase our selues so farre, as to imitate these beastly (^Indians^) , # slaues to the (^Spaniards^) , refuse to the world, and as yet aliens # from the holy Couenant of God? Why doe we not as well imitate them in walking naked as they doe? in preferring glasses, feathers, and such toyes, to golde and precious stones, as they do? yea why do we not denie God and adore the Deuill, as they doe? Now to the corrupted basenesse of the first vse of this (^Tobacco^) , doeth very well agree the foolish and groundlesse first entry thereof into this Kingdome. It is not so long since the first entry of this abuse amongst vs here, as this present age cannot yet very well remember, both the first Author, and the forme of the first introduction of it amongst vs. It was neither brought in by King, great Conquerour, nor learned Doctor of Phisicke. With the report of a great discouery for a Conquest, some two or three Sauage men, were brought in, together with this Sauage custome. But the pitie is, the poore wilde barbarous men died, but that vile barbarous custome is yet aliue, yea in fresh vigor: so as it seemes a miracle to me,

how a custome springing from so vile a ground, and brought in by a father so generally hated, should be welcomed vpon so slender a warrant. For if / they that first put it in practise heere, had remembred for what respect it was vsed by them from whence it came. I am sure they would haue bene loath, to haue taken so farre the imputation of that disease vpon them as they did, by vsing the cure thereof. For (^ (\Sanis non est opus medico\) ^) , and # counterpoisons are neuer vsed, but where poyson is thought to precede. But since it is true, that diuers customes slightly grounded, and with no better warrant entred in a Commonwealth, may yet in the vse of them thereafter, prooue both necessary and profitable; it is therefore next to be examined, if there be not a full Sympathie and true Proportion, betweene the base ground and foolish entrie, and the loathsome, and hurtfull vse of this stinking Antidote. I am now therefore heartily to pray you to consider, first vpon what false and erroneous grounds you haue first built the generall good liking thereof; and next, what sinnes towards God, and foolish vanities before the world you commit, in the detestable vse of it. As for these deceitfull grounds, that haue specially mooued you to take a good and great conceit thereof, I shall content my selfe to examine here onely foure of the principals of them; two founded vpon the Theoricke of a deceiueable apparance of Reason, and two of them vpon the mistaken Practicke of generall Experience. First, it is thought by you a sure Aphorisme in the Physickes, That the braines of all men, beeing / naturally colde and wet, all dry and hote things should be good for them; of which nature this stinking suffumigation is, and therefore of good vse to them. Of this Argument, both the Proposition and Assumption are false, and so the Conclusion cannot but be voyd of it selfe. For as to the Proposition, That because the braines are colde and moist, therefore things that are hote and drie are best for them, it is an inept consequence: For man beeing compounded of the foure Complexions, (whose fathers are the foure Elements)

although there be a mixture of them all in all the parts of his body, yet must the diuers parts of our (^Microcosme^) or little world within our selues, be diuersly more inclined, some to one, some to another complexion, according to the diuersitie of their vses, that of these discords a perfect harmonie may bee made vp for the maintenance of the whole body. The application then of a thing of a contrary nature, to any of these parts, is to interrupt them of their due function, and by consequence hurtfull to the health of the whole body. As if a man, because the Liuer is hote (as the fountaine of blood) and as it were an ouen to the stomacke, would therfore apply and weare close vpon his Liuer and stomacke a cake of lead; he might within a very short time (I hope) be susteined very good cheape at on Ordinarie, beside the cleering of his conscience from that deadly sinne of gluttonie, And as if, because the Heart is full of vitall spirits, and in perpetuall motion, a man would therefore lay a heauy / pound stone on his breast, for staying and holding downe that wanton palpitation, I doubt not but his breast would bee more bruised with the weight thereof, then the heart would be comforted with such a disagreeable & contrarious cure. And euen so is it with the Braines. For if a man, because the Braines are colde and humide, would therefore vse inwardly by smells, or outwardly by application, things of hot and drie qualitie, all the gaine that he could make thereof would onely be to put himselfe in a great forwardnesse for running mad, by ouerwatching himselfe, the coldnesse and moistnesse of our braine beeing the onely ordinarie meanes that procure our sleep and rest. Indeed I doe not denie, but when it falls out that any of these, or any part of our bodie growes to be distempered, and to tend to an extremitie, beyond the compasse of Natures temperate mixture, that in that case cures of contrary qualities, to the intemperate inclination of that part, being wisely prepared and discreetely ministred, may be both necessarie and helpefull for strengthning and # assisting Nature in the expulsion of her enemies: for this is the true definition of all profitable Physicke. But first these Cures ought not to bee vsed, but where

there is neede of them, the contrarie whereof, is daily practised in this generall vse of (^Tobacco^) by all sorts and complexions of people. And next, I deny the Minor of this argument, as I haue already said, in ragard that this (^Tobacco^) , is not simply # of a dry & hot qualitie; but rather hath a certaine venemous facultie ioyned with the heate thereof, which makes it haue an Antipathie against nature, as by he hatefull smell thereof doeth well appeare. For the Nose being the proper Organ and conuoy of the sense of smelling to the braines, which are the onely fountaine of that sense, doeth euer serue vs for an infallible witnesse, whether that Odour which we smell, be healthfull of hurtfull to the braine, (except when it fals out that the sense it selfe is corrupted and abused through some infirmitie, and distemper in the braine.) And that the suffumigation thereof cannot haue a drying qualitie, it needes no further probation, then that it is a smoake, all smoake and vapour, being of it selfe humide, as drawing neere to the nature of the ayre, and easie to be resolued againe into water, wherof there needes no other proofe but the Meteors, which being bred of nothing else but of the vapours and exhalations sucked vp by the Sunne out of the earth, the Sea, and waters, yet are the same smoakie vapours turned, and transformed into Raynes, Snowes, Deawes, hoare Frostes, and such like waterie Meteors, as by the contrarie the raynie cloudes are often transformed and euaporated in blustering winds. The second Argument grounded on a show of reason is, That this filthie smoake, aswell through the heat and strength thereof, as by a naturall force and qualitie, is able and fit to purge both the head and stomacke of Rhewmes and distillations, as experience teacheth, by the spitting and auoyding / fleame, immediatly after the taking of it. But the fallacie of this Argument may easily appeare, by my late preceding description of the Meteors. For euen as the smoakie vapours sucked vp by the Sunne, and staied in the lowest and colde Region of the ayre, are there contracted into cloudes and turned into raine and such other watery Meteors: So this stinking smoake being sucked vp by the Nose, and imprisoned in the colde and moyst braines, is by

their colde and wett facultie, turned and cast foorth againe in waterie distillations, and so are you made free and purged of nothing, but that wherewith you wilfully burdened your selues: and therefore are you no wiser in taking (^Tobacco^) for purging you of distillations, then if for # preuenting the Cholicke you would take all kind of windie meates and drinkes, and for preuenting of the Stone, you would take all kinde of meates and drinkes that would breede grauell in the Kidneyes, and then when you were forced to auoyde much winde out of your stomacke, and much grauell in your Vrine, that you should attribute the thanke thereof to such nourishments as bred those within you, that behoued either to be expelled by the force of Nature, or you to haue (^burst at the broad side^) , as the Prouerbe is. As for the other two reasons founded vpon experience, the first of which is, That he whole people would not haue taken so general a good liking thereof, if they had not by experience found it verie soueraigne and good for them: For answere / thereunto, how easily the mindes of any people, wherewith God hath replenished this world, may be drawen to the foolish affectation of any noueltie, I leaue it to the discreet iudgement of any man that is reasonable. Doe we not dayly see, that a man can no sooner bring ouer from beyound the Seas any new forme of apparell, but that hee can not bee thought a man of spirit, that would not presently imitate the same? And so from hand to hand it spreades, till it be practised by all, not for any # commoditie that is in it, but only because it is come to be the fashion. For such is the force of that naturall Selfe-loue in euery one of vs, and such is the corruption of enuie bred in the brest of euery one, as we cannot be content vnlesse we imitate euery thing that our fellowes doe, and so prooue our selues capable of euery thing whereof they are capable, like Apes, counterfeiting the maners of others, to our owne destruction. For let one or two of the greatest Masters of Mathematickes in any of the two famous Vniuersities , but constantly affirme any cleare day, that they see some strange apparition in the skies: they will I warrant you be seconded by the greatest part of the Students in that profession: So loath will they be, to bee thought inferiour

to their fellowes, either in depth of knowledge or sharpnesse of sight: And therefore the generall good liking and imbracing of this foolish custome, doeth but onely proceede from that affectation of noueltie, and popular errour, wherof I haue already spoken. / The other argument drawen from a mistaken experience, is but the more particular probation of this generall, because it # is alleaged to be found true by proofe, that by the taking of (^Tobacco^) diuers and very many doe finde themselues cured of diuers diseases, as on the other part, no man euer receiued harme thereby. In this argument there is first a great mistaking, and next a monstrous absurditie. For is it not a # very great mistaking, to take (^ (\Non causam pro causa\) ^) , as # they say in the Logicks? because peraduenture when a sicke man hath had his disease at the height, hee hath at that instant taken # (^Tobacco^) , and afterward his disease taking the naturall course of declining, and consequently the patient of recouering his health, O then the (^Tobacco^) forsooth, was the worker of that miracle. # Beside that, it is a thing well knowen to all Phisicians, that the apprehension and conceit of the patient, hath by wakening and vniting the vitall spirits, and so strengthening nature, a # great power and vertue, to cure divers diseases. For an euident proofe of mistaking in the like case, I pray you what foolish boy, what sillie wench, what olde doting wife, or ignorant countrey clowne, is not a Phisician for the toothach, for the cholicke, & divers such common diseases? Yea, will not euery man you meete withal, teach you a sundry cure for the same, and sweare by that meane either himselfe, or some of his neerest kinsmen and friends was cured? and yet I hope no man is so foolish as to beleeue them. And al these toyes do only proceed from the mistaking / (^ (\Non causam pro causa\) ^) , # as I haue already sayd, and so if a man chance to recouer one of any disease, after he hath taken (^Tobacco^) , that must haue the # thankes of all [{.{] But by the contrary, if a man smoke himselfe to # death with it (and many haue done) O then some other disease must beare the blame for that fault. So doe olde harlots thanke # their harlotrie for their many yeeres, that custome being healthfull (say they) (^ (\ad purgandos Renes\) ^) , but neuer haue minde # how many die of the Pockes in the flower of their youth. And so doe # olde

drunkards thinke they prolong their dayes, by their swinelike diet, but neuer remember howe many die drowned in drinke before they be halfe olde. And what greater absurditie can there bee, then to say that one cure shall serue for diuers, nay, contrarious sortes of diseases? It is an vndoubted ground among all Phisicians, that there is almost no sort either of nourishment or medicine, # that hath not some thing in it disagreeable to some part of mans bodie, because, as I haue already sayd, the nature of the temperature of euery part, is so different from another, that according to the olde prouerbe, That which is good for the head, is euill for the necke and the shoulders. For euen as a strong enemie, that inuades a towne or a fortresse, although # in his siege thereof, he doe belaie and compasse it round about, yet he makes his breach and entrie, at some one or few # speciall parts thereof, which hee hath tried and found to bee weakest and least able to resist; so sicknesse doth make her particular assault, vpon such part or parts of our bodie, as are weakest and easiest to be ouercome by that sort of disease, which then doth assaile vs, although all the rest of the body by Sympathie feele it selfe, to be as it were belaied, and besieged by the affliction of that speciall part, the griefe and smart thereof being by the sence of feeling dispersed through all the rest # of our members. And therefore the skilfull Phisician presses by such cures to purge & strengthen that part which is afflicted, # as are onely fit for that sort of disease, and doe best agree # with the nature of that infirme part; which being abused to a disease # of another nature, would prooue as hurtfull for the one, as helpfull for the other. Yea, not only will a skilfull and # warie Phisician bee carefull to vse no cure but that which is fit # for that sort of disease, but he wil also consider all other # circumstances, and make the remedies sutable thereunto: as the temperature of the clime where the Patient is, the constitution of the # Planets, the time of the Moone, the season of the yere, the age & complexion of the Patient, & the present state of his body, in strength or weakenesse. For one cure must not euer be vsed for the self-same disease, but according to the varying of any of # the foresaid circumstances, that sort of remedie must be vsed which is fittest for the same. Whear by the contrarie in this case, such is the miraculous omnipotencie of our strong tasted

(^Tobacco^) , as it cures all sorts of diseases (which neuer # any drugge could do before) in all persons, and at all times. It cures # all maner of distillations, either / in the head or stomacke (if # you beleeue their Axiomes) although in very deede it doe both corrupt the braine, and by causing ouer quicke disgestion, # fill the stomacke full of crudities. It cures the Gowt in the feet, # and (which is miraculous) in that very instant when the smoke thereof, as light, flies vp into the head, the vertue thereof, # as heauie, runs downe to the little toe. It helpes all sortes of Agues. It makes a man sober that was drunke. It refreshes a weary man, and yet makes a man hungry. Being taken when they goe to bed, it makes one sleepe soundly, and yet being taken when a man is sleepie and drowsie, it will, as they say, awake his braine, and quicken his vnderstanding. As for curing of the Pockes, it serues for that vse but among the pockie Indian slaues. Here in (^England^) it is refined, and will not # deigne to cure heere any other then cleanly and gentlemanly diseases. O omnipotent power of (^Tobacco^) ! And if it could by the # smoke thereof chace out deuils, as the smoke of (^Tobias^) fish did # (which; I am sure could smel no stronglier) it would serue for a precious Relicke, both for the superstitious Priests, and the insolent Puritanes, to cast out deuils withall. Admitting, then, and not confessing that the vse thereof were healthfull for some sortes of diseases; should it be vsed # for all sicknesses? should it be vsed by all men? should it be # vsed at al times? yea should it be vsed by able, yong, strong, # healthful men? Medicine hath that vertue, that it neuer leaueth a man in that state wherin it findeth him; it makes a sicke / man whole, but a whole man sicke. And as Medicine helpes nature being taken at times of necessitie, so being euer and continually # vsed, it doth but weaken, wearie, and weare nature. What speake I of Medicine? Nay let a man euery houre of the day, or as oft as many in this countrey vse to take (^Tobacco^) , let a man I # say, but take as oft the best sorts of nourishments in meate and drinke that can bee deuised, hee shall with the continuall vse # thereof weaken both his head and his stomacke: all his members shall become feeble, his spirits dull, and in the end, as a drowsie # lazie belly-god, he shall euanish in a Lethargie. And from this weaknesse it proceeds, that many in this kingdom haue had such a continuall vse of taking this

vnsauorie smoke, as now they are not able to forbeare the same, no more then an olde drunkard can abide to be long sober, without falling into an vncurable weaknesse and euill constitution: for their continuall custome hath made to them, (^ (\habitum, alteram naturam\) ^) : so to those that from # their birth haue bene continually nourished vpon poison and things venemous, wholesome meates are onely poisonable. Thus hauing, as I truste, sufficiently answered the most principall arguments what are vsed in defence of this vile custome, it rests onely to informe you what sinnes and # vanities you commit in the filthie abuse thereof. First, are you not guiltie of sinnefull and shamefull lust? (for lust may bee as # well in any of the senses as in feeling) that although you may bee / troubled with no disease, but in perfect health, yet can # you neither be merry at an Ordinarie, nor lasciuious in the # Stewes, if you lacke (^Tobacco^) to prouoke your appetite to any of # those sorts of recreation, lusting after it as the children of # Israel did in the wildernesse after Quailes? Secondly it is, as you vse or rather abuse it, a branche of the sinne of drunkennesse, which is the roote of all sinnes: for as the onely delight that # drunkards take in Wine is the strength of the taste, & the force of the fume thereof that mounts vp to the braine: for no drunkards loue any weake, or sweete drinke: so are not those (I meane # the strong heate and the fume) the onely qualities that make (^Tobacco^) so delectable to all the louers of it? And as no # man likes strong headie drinke the first day (because (^ (\nemo repente # fit turpissimus\) ^) ) but by custome is piece and piece allured, # while in the ende, a drunkard will haue as great a thirst to bee # drunke, as a sober man to quench his thirst with a draught when hee hath need of it: So is not this the very case of all the great # takers of (^Tobacco^) ? which therefore they themselues do attribute to a bewitching qualitie in it. Thirdly, is it not the greatest # sinne of all, that you the people of all sortes of this Kingdome, who # are created and ordeined by God to bestowe both your persons and goods for the maintenance both of the honour and safetie of your King and Common-wealth, should disable your selues in both? In your persons hauing by this continuall vile # custome brought your selues to this shamefull imbecilitie, that you / # are not able to ride or walke the iourney of a Iewes Sabboth, but you must haue a reekie cole brought you from the next poore

house to kindle your (^Tobacco^) with? whereas he cannot be thought able for any seruice in the warres, that cannot endure oftentimes the want of meate, drinke, and sleepe, much more then must hee endure the want of (^Tobacco^) . In the times of # the many glorious and victorious battailes fought by this Nation, there was no word of (^Tobacco^) : but now if it were time of warres, and that you were to make some sudden (^Caualcado^) vpon your enemies, if any of you should seeke leisure to stay behinde his fellowe for taking of (^Tobacco^) , for my part I # should neuer bee sorie for any euill chance that might befall him. To take a custome in any thing that cannot bee left againe, is # most harmefull to the people of any land. (^Mollicies^) and # delicacie were the wracke and ouerthrow, first of the Persian, and next of # the Romane empire. And this very custome of taking (^Tobacco^) (whereof our present purpose is) is euen at this day accounted so effeminate among the Indians themselues, as in the market they will offer no price for a slaue to be sold, whome they # finde to be a great (^Tobacco^) taker. Now how you are by this custome disabled in your goods, let the Gentry of this land beare witnesse, some of them bestowing three, some foure hundred pounds a yeere vpon this precious stinke, which I am sure might be bestowed vpon many farre better vses. I read indeede of a knauish # Courtier, who for abusing the fauour of the Emperour (^Alexander # Seuerus^) his master by taking bribes to intercede, for sundry persons # in his Masters eare, (for whom he neuer once opened his mouth) was iustly choked with smoke, with this doome, (^ (\Fumo # pereat, qui fumum vendidit\) ^) : but of so many smoke-buyers, as are # at this present in this kingdome, I neuer read nor heard. And for the vanities committed in this filthie custome, is # it not both great vanitie and vncleanenesse, that at the table , # a place of respect, of clenlinesse, of modestie, men should not be ashamed, to sit tossing of Tobacco pipes, and puffing of # the smoke of tobacco one to another, making the filthy smoke and stinke thereof, to exhale athwart the dishes, and infect the # aire, when very often, men that abhorre it are at their repast? # Surely Smoke becomes a kitchin far better then a Dining chamber, and yet it makes a kitchin also oftentimes in the inward parts # of men, soiling and infecting them, with an vnctuous and oily kinde of Soote, as hath bene found in some great (^Tobacco^)

takers, that after their death were opened. And not onely meate time, but no other time nor action is exempted from the publike vse of this vnciuill tricke: so as if the wiues of # (^Diepe^) list to contest with this Nation for good maners, their worst maners would in all reason be found at least not so dishonest # (as ours are) in this point. The publike vse whereof, at all # times, and in all places, hath now so farre preuailed, as diuers men very sound both in / iudgement, and complexion, haue bene at last forced to take it also without desire, partly because # they were ashamed to seeme singular, (like the two Philosophers that were forced to duck themselues in that raine water, and # so become fooles aswell as the rest of the people) and partly, to # be as one that was content to eate Garlicke (which hee did not loue) that he might not be troubled with the smell of it, in # the breath of his fellowes. And is it not a great vanitie, that a # man cannot heartily welcome his friend now, but straight they must bee hand with (^Tobacco^) ? No it is become in place of a cure, a point of good fellowship, and he that will refuse to # take a pipe of (^Tobacco^) among his fellowes, (though by his owne election he would rather feele the sauour of a Sinke) is accounted peeuish and no good company, euen as they doe with tippeling in the cold Easterne Countries. Yea the Mistresse cannot in a more manerly kinde, entertaine her seruant, then by giuing him out of her faire hand a pipe of (^Tobacco^) . But herein is not onely a great vanitie, but a # great contempt of Gods good giftes, that the sweetenesse of mans breath, being a good gift of God, should be wilfully corrupted by this stinking smoke, wherein I must confesse, it hath too strong a vertue: and so that which is an ornament of nature, and can neither by any artifice be the first acquired, nor # once lost, be recouered againe, shall be filthily corrupted with an incurable stinke, which vile qualitie is as directly contrary # to that wrong / opinion which is holden of the wholesomnesse thereof, as the venime of putrifaction is contrary to the # vertue Preseruatiue. Moreouer, which is a great iniquitie, and against all humanitie, the husband shall not bee ashamed, to reduce thereby his delicate, wholesome, and cleane complexioned wife, to that extremitie, that either shee must also corrupt # her sweete breathe therewith, or else resolue to liue in a # perpetuall

stinking torment. Haue you not reason then to bee ashamed, and to forbeare this filthie noueltie, so basely grounded, so foolishly # receiued and so grossely mistaken in the right vse thereof? In your # abuse thereof sinning against God, harming your selues both in persons and goods, and raking also thereby the markes and notes of vanitie vpon you: by the custome thereof making your selues to be wondered at by all forraine ciuill Nations, and # by all strangers that come among you, to be scorned and contemned. A custome lothsome to the eye, hatefull to the Nose, harmefull to the braine, dangerous to the Lungs, and in the blacke stinking fume thereof, neerest resembling the horrible Stigian smoke of the pit that is bottomelesse. [^BIRNIE, WILLIAM. THE BLAME OF KIRK-BURIALL, TENDING TO PERSWADE CEMITERIALL CIVILITIE. ED. W.B.D.D. TURNBULL. LONDON: W. PICKERING AND EDINBURGH: G.A. DOUGLAS, 1833. SAMPLE 1: PP. 6.13-13.28 SAMPLE 2: PP. 34.34-41.12^]

[}OF THE GENERALL ABUSE OF BURIALL CEREMONIES. CHAP. IIII.}] NOW this duety, in respect it is discharged in ceremonies # (in any kynde whereof, it hes euer beene impossible to keepe measure without the direction diuyne) what sort here are # lawfull, vnder comparison with the lawlesse, it rests to define. And # first, all buriall ceremonies may be reduced to two ranks: for some # are funerals, seruing for preparation to; and some sepulchrals, # seruing for placing in the graue the defunct: the ceremoniall variety # of both whereof, my labor were infinite, let be vaine, to # descryue. For to giue but a glance in funerall: the Greke and Romane # did burne their dead, (\in rogo\) , as they styled their funerall # fire; the Indean with Got-seame did besmeare, the Schithean swallied, # the Egiptian pickled with bryme, but the Gerrens a Schithian sect, after exinteration bespyced their gutlesse goodsirs: that so # ridiculously, by corruptible meanes they might assay to reteene fugitiue incorruption, as Lucian in his Dialogue (\De luctu\) , and Silius Italicus the Poet in his 13 booke, doe testifie of many # such foolish feats. Againe in sepulchrals, the variety is found no # lesse vaine, euery Nation seruing it selfe with the owne vowstie # deuise, For first, according to the number of the elements, so hes the # sepulchrall receptacles of humane bodies fourefold bene found: Some chosing the floting fome for their tombe, as among others the African Lotophagians; others preferred to wither in the aire, as of old not a few in Egypt and Ethiopia, that so # preuenting the stinck of putrifaction by scowdring their skins in the # Sunne,

they might reserue their dead friends extant to be ordinar # accombents with them at their tables. And (which more deserues mockage) sometyme the monylesse Ethiopian by ingadging his reasted parent vpon reuersion might releeue his want. Yea, and the fire (although fearce) hes not bene forborne; as to the # which, in defraude of the wormes, many hes betaught their body, both bone and lyre: that so pitchering vp their onely relict, # asses, in vrnes, they make a proud thought a very poore pompe. And although the worlds rest in common with the Kirk hes made choise of the moulds of their mother earth (as the graue onely designed by God, warranted by the words exemples, and keeping best relation to our resurrection, as out of whose lare onely we may properly be saide to rise) yet in the vsage thereof how # infinitly men hes deborded, Histories records. [}OF THE DUE DIRECTION IN BURIALL. CHAP. V.}] Bvt lest I shoulde (as some doe) in telling vyce, teach it, # I will turne me rather to teach as I can, what, or what not, the Kirk should doe, nor toomely to talke what hes beene done abroad by the world in this earand: except so far as by # outward exemples we may confro~t our present confusions, wherat I aime. And because nowadayes buriall is ordinarilie traduced as a # scripturelesse thing, and so amongst indifferents to be vsurped at the vnstayed arbitriment of men, how and where both they will haue it; I will here appeale men from their pet-wils, nowhere else # but to the wordes authoritie. For although to these that are # without spirituall spectacles, euery minute of our sepulcromany seme # not in expresse scripurall termes to be condemned (being to the # spirit of God as parenticide was to the Lawgiuer, against the which # he gaue no law, lest he shold not suppose such inhumane an # abomination) yet, by his grace, I shall discouer their particular # conuiction in euery corrupt abuse by the same. And first I would men wist that the word, Gods sword, as it is said, Hebr. 4. 12. so # it is found to be twin-edged. For by the one edge, which is of # expres warrant from positiue lawes, it cuttes; and by the other as # equiualent, which is of collected consequences, it carues and conuinces the catiue consciences of the criminall. For although the ten words of Moses tables, seeme onely to ayme at the ten broad

sinnes, that negatiuely they inhibite, yet there are none of # their infinite broode and of-spring, that may not be particularly # repledged to his mother kinde: and so incurre the reuerence of some one of the decalogue lawes. But, in respect the cases of # sin are become so infinite and intricate that some like mangrels # doe participat of diuers kindes, and others so subtilly twisted # by the deuill, that yet they vnacknowledged. For this cause the Lord hes supplied the generality of his law as the text, by his # remanent word as the commentar; by the benefite whereof we may easily particularize our subtillest sinnes whatsoeuer: and that by # two speciall meanes. First, by the rule of Analogie, and next, by # the benefite of example. To the twitch of the which, where # expresse warrant wants, we must either qualifie or controle our # proceedings, as we shall doe in this our particulare anent buriall; that what we see therin neither answerable to Analogie nor exemple of the word we may conclude it is sin. Now Analogy in any # thing is that conuenient proportion, whereby euery part is # correspondent to the whole: As in musical instruments, thogh there be many different strings yet must they al be tuned to harmonical # proportion, which is the Analogie; otherwise the ingratious discord in the eare of the least string, wil mar al the mirth. Now, # scriptural Analogie is two fold; the one is of faith, the other of # manners. That of faithe is the platforme of knowledge that directs vs # aright in all, and euery one of the articles of the same, the which # by versing and searching the Scriptures may so be conceiued in the minde of the faithfull, that in faith they need not erre. And # this Analogy the Apost. Ro. 12.6. speaks of, where he seems to designe the Apostolical creed that Tertulian calles the Canon or # Analogy of faith. The which also 2. Tim. 2. he commendes vnder the name of the paterne of wholsome words. Againe, the Analogy of maners is that platform of right, that we oght to obserue in # euery our action, according to the warrand of the will of God. And # this Analogy, by searching and versing of Gods law, Psal. 1. the # canon of our conuersation may be so learned by the conscience that # for lake of knowledge we need not sin. And this the Psalmist very frequently calles the path way of God: As. Ps. 17 and 27. and # 119. Now this Analogy of manners wherewith here we haue only ado, being the morality of the law, exacts thre things in euery # our

action: First, that the matter done, be good; next, that the # maner of doing be wel; and last, in both that we ayme at the right end: As in our own particular we shall expone. And first, for # burial: it is an action and a good action as being answerable to both the general tytles of Moses two tables, piety and charity: that it # shold be done no christian wil contrauert: but in the other two, how # the same may be wel, and to the right end, that is formall and # direct, there stands the question. In the which cace a christian duty # wer to consult, first with their conscience, the register of the # wordes Analogy; the which if a christian of knowledg wold but vouch saue to do, he shold soone finde the oracle of Analogy for his # information. But now most men alas are so deeply addicted to affection, that they neyther make count nor question how or where they should bury: contrare whom one day their criminall # conscience will crye judgement, except they repent. And if thou loth to hear conscience, yet list to hear the direction of the words # Analogy to thy reformation: where first learn, that howsoeuer the form and end of al actions ar to be examined by the general # inscription of the law (loue) how, to wit, we haue therein respected, # first, that souerane loue we oght to God, and next that proportionall loue we oght to our neighbor: yet in matters of this kinde (and al # such specially that consists in ceremonies) there is particular # analogy to be obserued, that the Apost. 1. Cor. 14. sets down; who # willes al things, and consequently burial ceremonies, to be conformed # to honesty & order, last vers, and the end to tend to # edification, v. 26. vpon the which Analogicall rules, then we shal first controle # the customs of mens burials, & conclude what by Analogy is lawful. [}AGAINST THE CONTEMPT OF BURIALL, AND INSUFFICIENCY OF BURIALLYARDES. CHAP. VI.}] The first rule that directs the forme, containes two # cautions, & that for good causes. For according to the forked foly vsed in buriall, which either is contemned, or else ouercaried in # pomp, this rule does restraine both: by ranging contempt vnder the # rule of honesty and pomp, vnder the rule of order, that they no # wayes exceede. Now as for buriall contemptes, if we peruse humane histories, as namely Caelius, Cicero in his Tusculan questions, Crinitus, and diuers others, we shall finde them haue many # conspirators; whereof we shall recite such as make for vs. We reade

of the Albanes that of the defunct tooke no care at all: The # Sabeans vsed them for falzie: The Troglodites for mockage: The Hircanes exposed them to dogges, that for the nonce they # nurished. But among the first of this crew were the doggish Cyniks, who would in no sort consent to be buried. As we read of # Minippus and Diogenes, of whom it is recorded, that being to dye, he directed his corps to be exposed. And being admonished that # so he should be torne by birds and beasts, did reiyre a taunt, in # requyring a cudgell to be coutched beside, whereby to weare his wirriers away. And being insisted with that it would be to # small vse, since death was but senslesse: why then (said he) are ye # solist what befall a senslesse carrion? But this kinde of reprobate # Philosophy rather becomes renigat mindes then christian men. For if reprobates were by the Kirk knowne (as they are with God barred vp from hope) so might they justly be debarred from the benefite of christian buriall. And this Cynicisme although we seeme not to professe, yet if we walke the land abroad we will finde many folke not flyting free in it. For our Kirk-courtes # or yardes, are become more lyke pwind-folds nor burials: as being ordinarly bedunged by pestring and pasturing brute. Not far from subscryuing the desperat legacy of some that can be # content to bestow their bowke to the burroughmure, if God wold take the soule. According to the conceaty resolution of Theodore, who being by the tyrant Lysimachus minassed with the gibbet, answered that his own minzeons only had it to feare and not # he, to whom all was one, whether to putrifie aboue, or vpon, or within the earth. But as this abuse is contrare to the # Apostles decencie commanded, so is it also against the common law that prouids buriall to be had in holy reputation. So that to empty # the bladder, let be the belly, about buriall (as they called it # (\minxisse in patrios cineres\) ) was reput (\nefas\) , that is iniquitie, # let be inciuilitie. And for this cause, the faithfull after Constantine (who first # serued edicts of liberty to edifie temples, whereas before the Kirks had alwaies beene serued onely with holy Innes) in founding of Kirks, taking the type at Ierusalems temple, did among the # rest counterfaite the courts by Kirk yardes, the which for this # commanded decencie they dedicated to buriall vse. The which therefore by the Greeks (as thereby appeares the workes beginners)

were called (\Caemiteria\) . And that not without Emphase, # seeing (as Atheneus sayes) it was the name before of sleeping celles for strangers: and so the allusion wanted not edification. And # albeit the reason of the rest of the resemblance betwixt Temple and Kirk, as of the Quier to the holiest place within the vaile, # &c. cannot so easily be espyed, yet the reason of this may well by # this rule of decency, according whereto since we haue a Country law of our owne extant, enacted for reparation of ruinous Kirks, and their yardes, it is the part of all Pastors to vrge the # benefite of it, that so our common burials becomming seemely # cemiteries, our Kirk buriers may be depriued of the pretence of their # insensibility and profanation. For the Apostles mynde is in his rule, that natures abscenities be decently couered and oueruailed # with her mothers mouldes. [}AGAINST SECULARE POMPE IN FUNERALS. CHAP. VII.}] The other extremity that commes against the Apostles order is pompe. The which as it is found more common, so it brings with it more perturbation. But for the more particular # deciphering thereof, we shall range it in two rankes: the one sort of it being ciuile or seculare, the other superstitious. Againe, # the first according to the duplicity of burial ceremonies, is found # double: For partly in the funerals, and partly in the sepulchrals of # men it is to be seene. In funerall pompe if we should view the # customes of antiquity, and ballance the same with these of our dayes, # as in few thinges we will be found inferiour, so in some far to # surmounte them in vanity. To be shorte, for commoditie of this our present comparison, vnder the olde names of Funerall # offices, we shall set downe the whole auncient funerall proces, and confer it with ours of the new now. All the which ceremonies for memory may be ranked in two sortes. Whereof some did in common concerne the whole funerall preparation: the generall ouersight whereof appertained to their (\Libitinarii\) , that # is, funerall men, that among the rest had the cure of funerall feasts. Now heerein althogh we inlake the officers, yet is not the office # intermitted: for their buriall bankets we haue not learned to imitate onely, but in our aruelles to exceede, where rather in the day wherein a good one or great one falles, as being a breach of # Gods

hand in his Kirk, should be celebrate with fast and measurable mourning. The second sort of their ceremonies, were employed about the defuncts persone, consisting in three pointes: # First, in mourning for the dead; next, in addressing the corps for the graue; and last, in his conuoyance thither. In mourning, # beside the interessed that made it in earnest, they had their made out # mourners of the feminine sex, that best could do it: whom they styled (\Praeficae\) : And these the Preacher 12.5. seemes to respect # in mentioning the mourners of the streetes. But in this also we are more antick nor antiquity: for in steed if humane teeres that best # can expresse the owne smart, some will haue trumpets; and in steed # of mourning in the dust, as they did oft-tymes, we mumchance and mourgean in such dilicate duilles, better feated for wowing # nor woing, that heires or widowes never dallies more nor vnder # their duilles. But the Lord will haue at such hypocrysie in the end. The next point of their personall funerals, was their peremptor preparation to the graue, consisting in two ceremonies: for # before that by the Libitinarian cure the dead was weind, the # Pollinctors inbalmed, and Sandapilarianes bespised, the corps of the great, and this also is superstitiouslie sometyme exceded # among some of the best rank: on whom after Anatomicall exinteration, Apotheticary applications are so excessiuely employed, that # oft tymes such prodigall profusion of arromaticall gummes (if # they were otherwise charitably bestowed) might make sundry poore indifferently rich. Now the last funerall duety appertained to # the Vespilones, or bear-men, whose peculiare calling was (beeing followed in rankes by the Acoluthists their friends, wherof # now the Roman Bishops hes bereft them) to cary their corps in # their coffins to the graue. Such as wee see mentionned in Luke 7. 14. But among the rest, also, how far this auncient simplicity is inueterate, who beholdes our great burials may easily # consider. For althogh the death by all men should be thoght to be a kynde of defeat from God, yet our Heroik burials are oft led lyke a # martiall triumphe, wherein the toutting of trumpets, trampling of steades, and trouping of men ranking themselues vnder stately standerts, and punicall pinsels, displayed for whiuering in # the winde, may sufficiently testifie the dedolence of men, as if # by an vndantoned courage they would quarrelously demand the combate

in reuenge of the dead: and as if the worme (man) were able to stand out against the thunder-bolts of death delashed by # God. But alas, if in death we count our just kinsh, we might rather dismay and feare. For although in the kingdome of the second comming we shall triumph with our head Christ, ouer the stingles grave, 1. Cor. 15. yet as first being by death # defeat, the first fall is ours euen to the dust. Ge.3. Wherein for our due # desert here we deserue with Christs theues to haue our legges broken, # rather nor in pompe our badges borne. For looke how far fellonie may glory in her letters, so far may we in our funerals wherewith # we but feard death. For as some Gentiles, where gold is # vernaculous and plentifull, their catiues thogh therewith enchained, yet # remanes catiues: so to vs, thogh our graue were of enamelled gold, yet it is but our graue, the monument of our common misery, that by diuine mercy onely may be remedied without farther meanes. And as a blood-gush made Iulian at last to knowe Christ, and Alexander (thogh the maine Monarch) his mortality (against # the which he had beene beflattered before) so if we be not # frentick, our funerals should teach vs our transitory estate. For of all # pride this pompe I esteeme it most perillous, in respect that if the # world will haue by it the graue restored to her victory, God for a # meeting to the world will restore death to his sting. For a document therefore against the which, the Lord did closly conuey the body of his owne dissolued Moses, from being the object of # such fecklesse ostentation and perillous pompe. Dent. 34. The which seeing in that great one the Lord did not allow, why should # our far lesse ones lawleslie claime it? And this for that ciuile # pompe that in buriall funerals is found blameable.

[}REFUTATION OF ALL OBIECTIONS MAKING IN SHOWE FOR KIRK-BURIALL. CHAP.XIX.}] This ramasse of these reasons in the bygone discourse being thus made, it were tyme to stint here: were not the great # harted

patrones of this creased cause, hes resting some rag-footed # resons that we must refute, that when their bemasked kirk-buriall shall be be-reft of her fig-tree buskings, they may either # rest at the trueth, or lyke renigate recusants refuse without reason. # For all they can bring for buriall in Kirk, is builded vp vpon the # sandy foundation of three griplesse grounds. For first, there is a # crafty sort that pretends reason from the causes nature: next, there # is a combersome kynde, that vnder cullour of a right claime playes captane play. And last, the confused commons, does argue from their owne vse and others exemple. The first sect againe hes # two sorts to reason the cause: The pan-sauoring Papist, and the # dangerous indifferent. For to the first no buriall is blest eneugh, that is not among the memorials of martyres, and canonized saintes for their soules helpe in Kirk: In the which religious reason # (although both dead, prayer and purgatory might be taine in to refute, yet) I will not digresse, but hold on the point. So then where they alledge that religious buriall should be in religious # place, and consequently in the Kirk, they faill in their following: # as by their owne domesticke distinction of hallowed places may # appeare. For (sen some they call sacred, as quiers; and others # (\sancta\) or holy, as Kirks; a third sort religious, as buriall courts) # it will rather follow that buriall an action of the religious ranke # onely ought to be restrained from the whole Kirk to the court # without. For indeed (to speake lyke no Papist) properly no place by it self is more holy nor others, for al the earth is the # Lords, Psa. 24 1. yet in a metonimicall meaning, the continent Kirk is called # sacred or holy for the seruice of God contained therein, and should be secluded therefore from all other vse. For what proceeding # so euer we purpose to approue before God, he propones as a # condition to obserue oportunity in doing of meete tyme and place, to these that would finde him a thankfull master: according to the document giuen in his censure of the exchange in the # temple, Matt. 21. For althogh these marchants might be excused through their religious pretence, whose vent was to furnish the far # land Iewes, being vnprouyded of a demisicle for the Tabernacles # tribvte, Exod. 30. and a turtle for the sin offering, Leuit. 5. Yet for their preposterous choise of the place, they are condemned. # For vpon the dittay of making prayers house a caue of knaues, # their

doome was to be scourged away, for all their religious excuse, whereinto I could wish this sort to take head: for to presume # vpon the prerogatiue of buriall, for being in Kirk-place, it were a braine-sick brade. For as Gregory sayeth, we ought not to # loue the thing for the place, but the place for the thing it self. # And if otherwise it were, why doe they so partially step-barne the # pursse-miserable poore from such a soul-helpe? but hereof eneugh. Our indifferents againe are well dangerous. For in making all # place alike lawfull for buriall laire, they cast in the Kirk as it were to # the mends. Like serpenting satan, that could abide no tree # vn-taisted in all the garden, Gen. 3. But the reason of this racklesse # assertion I could neuer read: but by the contrare (sen indifferencies are # things whose action imports interest neither to faith nor good maners) misnurtered Kirk buriall is not indifferent. VVhat if a man would but minte to burye a body in the presencechamber of a Prince? would not the kempes of the corps-guarde not onely account him as clunishe, but cudzell him also for his capped # conseate, and such idiot indifferencie? and yet it is more to misuse the cabinet of God. And suppose that it were by nature to be # ranked among indifferentes, yet it cannot remaine of that kynde. For, by the Apostles law, 1. Corinth. 10. all indifferent # libertie is bounded by edification and neighbourly loue, the which in Kirk-buriall a man cannot keepe; because it breedes a kynde of contempt of the secluded sorte, and a stumbling offence to the tender. And although it was long (yet louselie) held as indifferent in the doylde dayes, yet beeing now but vmwhile, and as an hes-beene, should neuer be more; in respect of the Kirk-fence and inhibition serued at the instance of God against Kirk-buriall by our nationall assemblie, conueened in the # spirit of God about the first reformation. The vigour whereof should strike vpon all that are not Kirk out-lawes, vnworthie of the communion of saints: And this for the craftiest ground from # the causes nature. The next squader that commes in, are captanes # of cheef, who when they haue proudly prefaced their ancester kirk merite, they sacrilegiously will vsurpe a possessiue pronoun, # and with a full mouth say, this kirk, or at least this kirk-laire, # is mine: And so wil conclude, by the law, I may ly here. But the # inspection of pecces will finde this talke toome. And this kinde, as of # most

cumber, is of two sortes: the first are the patrons of the # laick estate; the rest are but portioners and possessors of old (as they # alledge) of a Kirk-buriall place. The patron doeth reason his right to proceed of the reseruation of a buriall priuiledge at the # founding and dedication of their Kirks by their forebeares; wherein (I think by their leaue) they play fast and louse. For what is it # else, to dedicate the same thing a Kirk, and yet deteene it a # buriall, but to giue with the one hand, and to grippe againe with the # other? Lyke Bellarmine who with a jugling distinction maks kirks as they are temples to appertaine to God, but as they are # basilice`, that is sumptuous buildings, to appertaine to the saintes of # their dedication, the which gif-gaffing with God is the verie # simonicall sin of Anani and Saphira his wyfe, punished with perdition, Acts 5. Against the which Esopes taile may well serue for a # tant, whose colzer and fuller taking vp an Innes, in respect of their contrare cullours, could not lodge together. For the colzear, # by cowming the walkers whyte webs, did weary him away to shift for himself: As by our col-blacke behauiour heerein we are # lyke to doe to God. And if we looke to the law of Cherem, that is, # of things deuoted to God, Leuit. 27. 29. we see what we once annex to the crowne of Christs Kingdome, the vnion is so # indissoluble, that neyther prescription of tyme, vsucapion of person, nor # boutgate of circumstance can giue a regresse, if this greedie worlde could be induced to beleue. So, if rightly we reason the # patronall right, their tittle beeing onerous and not lucratiue, they ought the Kirk a plane patrociny and protection of law. But vvhen by the contrare vnder this patronage pretence, they # eyther pinche the patrimony, or yet the Kirk-place, of Laik patrones they becomme but lawlesse publicans, lyke Hophnees vvith elcrookes to minche and not Samueles, to mense the # offerings of God: Or otherwaies like the templarian Knights, who, beeing sometimes the kempes of the Kirkes, became at last the contemptuous tramplers of her liberties and robbers of her # rents. But this kind of patronage, though it leane on a law, yet (by # olde canons) it wants place in burial, that by special exce~ption # hes beene euer remitted to the spirituall barre, onely meete for buriall # decisions. And this for the Patrones pretences, which I pray God it may haue power as much for to mooue their affectiones, as it # is

able to conuince their conscience. Againe, the kyndely claime by possession that some cleaues to (that they will haue so # done old that the antiquitie is forgot) does rest yet to resolue. # But first, I would demand at this sort (as did the King at the # garmentlesse guest, that being called and not chosen came to the wedding, # Mat. 22.) how came they there? for once they must grant me the Innes was the Lords: but how their intrusion hes ejected God out, # aduyse with their answere till the great day, or else in tyme with # remorse repossesse. And if they claime tytle, condiscend of the kynde. For the Iewes doe comprise all titular rights vnder one # of three: acquisition, like Abrahams (in the conqueis of the # caue, Gen. 23.) Heredation, like Isaacs (succeding thereto) # lucrifaction, like Iacobs, whose wealth was the winning of his owne # handhammers. But none of these sorts can compasse the Kirk. For if they call it conquies or the penny-worth of their pecunial # pryce, that is but simony sold & sacriledge boght. Is it their # heirship by ancester right? they succeed to a vice by inquest of error. For # ther can be no cedence to such a succession. And last, for to win # such a wagde, sen none can propone such a pryse, I think shame # shold neuer let them say it. The best then remaines, that what # heerein by cauillation, with Zacheus, they doe vnjustly possesse, they # mak at least (within him) to the interessed Kirk, an one-fold # redresse in the feare of the Lord. The camshoch commons now at last coms in a rere warde to debate the cause: who rather flytes nor # formes reason, some from domestick vse, others from exoticke # exemple. For vse as their greatest gunne, they would seeme to say some what: alledging to a most auncient custome of keeping the # predecessor lare in buriall. To beeme-fill the which, they may bring (I confesse) some canons of counsels: But what makes this for # the cause? for thogh I should admit as lawfull, such earnest # adherence to paternall graue, yet sen the Kirk is no buriall at all, how # can it be claimed by thee throgh thy forbears? Or by what reason did the first of thy vpward lyne that lyeth in the Kirk, leaue off # his forbeares laire that lay in the yarde, if not farther yond? # But this reason I may rightly regyre: that sen the first followers of # that foly in buriall Apostasie, shaping themselues schismatick # Kirksepulchers, did lawlesly leaue the auncient laire of their better aduysed elders, they are vnworthy of imitation. And to pretend

conscience of keeping vse in misuse, thou wanst both right and and sound information. For suppose (by the Apostles order, 1. Cor. 14.) the loue of parental laire be indifferently lawful, # yet the necessitie was neuer absolute, as we shew before; no not in # the lawfull place, let be in the Kirk. For althogh Iacob seeme to # vrge it, Gen. 49. and that to entertaine his posterity in full hope # to returne (whereof the thre patriarchall burials were a special pledg) yet did he it without superstitious respect to Macpelaes caue. Witnes himselfe: in laying his departed Rachael, thogh not # farre from Mamre in Eprathaes way, Gen. 25. and Ioseph, whom the congregation conueyed (not to his fore-fathers caue) but to # Sechem, Ios. 24. the Propheticall pledge of his double portion, Gen. 28. As for Ieroboams Prophet, whom for his preuarication they pretend to have beene punished with the depriuation of # his paternall laire, 1. Kings, 13. the Lords wordes meanes more # then they marke. For (as the 25. verse may comment the 21.) the # sense is, that being preuented by death (as he was by the lyons # lench) he should neuer see home nor ly in the common laire by a # peaceable death. Otherwise the penalty of his presumption in the want of the vsuall laire, had beene but slight, seeing buryed he # was. So then vnder skough of the conscience scruple, to adheare to # this vncouth vse, it were but conceate and no conscience. For # beside the vnnecessity of keeping this custome, the consideration of # the impossibility of it should resolue the doubts in respect of # successional multiplications. For as neither all Adams children, no nor Iaphets Gentiles, can be contained in graue with themselues, what tombe could intumulate any entyre race of folks? And # therfore in temple foundations (because nature in graue craues # elbow-roume, and abhorres to be rufled with ouer frequent discouery) because the center Kirk was both incompetent and incapable of the congregations dead, there was alwayes a circumferent yarde of thirty foote in compasse at least, or more, if the # occasion of farther confluence requyred, set apart to burial bounds in common to all. But if thou would stand vpon a parentall # societie in graue (seeing the desertes deserues to be deserted) seeke vpward to them that most Analogically liued in the purest # times: whose exemple thou may imitate with lesse heresie hazard. For as in ciuile entries to heritage, if it befor the better, men # can make

leap-yeare of their father and seeke farther vppe: why may not thou in this case bissextile some bodily forebeares, that so # thou may enter to the most immaculate aunciety and fathers of # faith, whom all thou wilt finde not in the Kirk but in her courts # buryed? as I reede you doe, or else in errour thou shalt more erre. For since vse is an euill ruse vvhere warrand is avvay, let # reason ouer-rule and ordour reforme. The sconce againe that they # carie of others exemple, is rather found an excuse for the fact, nor # a reason for it. But the wyte makes a wrong no more the better, nor did the trajection of our first parents fall, Genes. # chap. 3. on the author of it sathan, auailed vvith God. For in sifting # out their sinne to the far end (from Adam to Eua, from her to that # euill one at last) as he did punishe all by proportion (the seducing serpent with a curse, the inducing Eua with a crosse of # subjection and the grinding paines of her birth, the ouereasily adduced # Adam with the care and sweatty labours of this militant lyfe) so may the Lord doe in this proces of ours. For as the # symoniacall seducers, that first lade this block before the blinde, with # the immediate transmitters of Kirk-burial tradition, for this tymes exemple deserues at least, at the handes of God, both a crosse and a cursse: the very same they may justly also incurre, that # does obstinatly insiste in the trace of such foole-hardy footsteps. # For the which cause then, seeing inauthentick exemples are but # Egiptian reedes that doe harme the hand of him that leaneth on, we should looke how we should liue by the law, and not to goe louse by lawlesse exemples. And this far for such patrociny # that Kirk-buriall procutors doe vse pragmatically to pleade. But # the practicians now keepes vp for the as good, a reason in oddes, that lyke a pittard hes more pith nor all the rest whatsoeuer, # that they vse to take from the vse of a forehammer. The conclusion whereof in their clubbe-law, doth ofttymes make the Kirk-dore fling on the floore. And althogh to beligger the lodgings of # me~, for feare of their murther-holes, they wil looke ere they # loupe, yet to enforce the Kirk-house (as if God had no gunnes) there are many of small feare. But to refute a reason so rough, # since it doeth passe our pastorall reach, in humble reuerence we # remitte the same to the ciuile power, as by right appertaines. That # they who by calling should be the foster-fathers of the Kirk, Isa. # 49.

may by the rod of their charge, represse such vnreasonable # insolence, as they will answere to him that set them in ranke. And because that a publict law would best ridde the martch (if so # be that such feete may come so farre ben) I doe present this # petition on the knees of the Kirk to his Highnesse selfe, that according to our expectation, founded vppon his Majesties gratious response (not far from the Assemblies sute heere-anent) he # wold procure an inacted law to beem fill the Kirk acts against # Kirkburiall: whereby secluding all from the Kirk-laire, the great ones and good ones, whom qualitie and condition does exeeme from populare case, may in tyme begin to talke of a tombe, or # else a new Ile for burial vse. [^LESLEY, JOHN. THE HISTORY OF SCOTLAND, FROM THE DEATH OF KING JAMES I ... TO THE YEAR M.D.LXI. BANNATYNE CLUB, 38. EDINBURGH 1830. PP. 234.14-264.14.^]

[}QUENE MARIE}] The Quene dowarier being a wyfe, discreit and politique # ladie, considering the gret quyetnes that the realme of Scotland was broucht # unto, be the helpe and support send frome France to the releif and # libertie of Scotlande, frome the gret thraldome and apperand danger was # licklie and emanent thairto throch the cruell persuit of Ingland; for # the quhilk sho thought that sho had deserved gret fawour and thankis of # the nobilitie and subjectis of Scotlande, and no les of the King of France # and his nobilitie; for that sho had caused convoye the Quene hir # dochtir heretour of Scotland into France, quhairby thair was gret apperance # that the realme of Scotland suld remane in all tymis cuming not onlie # joynit with thame in frindship as thair princepall considerat and # allya, lyk as it had bene contenowallie be the space of viij hundreth yeris # preceiding; bot also now it mycht be maide moir subject and bound unto # thame, yea, as a provnce joynit unto France be mariage, as Britang+ge # and Normoundie ar subject at this present; and to the effect sho # mycht congratulat and rejoise with the King of France and hir # freindis thair, and also to visite the Quene hir dochter, bot most # princepallie to prepair

and fynd all moyens, be the quhilkis sho mycht obtane the # governement of the realme of Scotlande and be regent thairof, as it so # come to pas eftirwart; sho determinat be the adwyse of Messires Dosell, de Thermes, la Chapelle and utheris wyfe French men, to make a # voyage in France. And to the effect sho sould be the bettir # accumpaneit, and to caus the King and hir freind knaw the gret fawoir and luf # that sho had of the nobill men of Scotland, persuadit a gret nombre of # Erlis, Lordis, Barronis and gentill men of Scotland to accumpanie hir # during hir wayage; principallie the Erle of Huntlie and his lady, and # his moder, Erlis Merchell, Sutherlande, Cassillis and dyvers utheris, # quha glaidlie obeyit hir desyre, and maid preparatione during the rest of # that symmer for the same. The Quene also send in France for certane # gallayis to cum in Scotland for hir moir suir convoy . Quhen thir thingis war preparing, the Erle of Huntlie caused # take Williame M'Kintoche of Dunnachtane capitane of the Glenhatten, # quha was accused for the concealing of ane conspiracie devised # aganis the said Erle, being chancelar of Scotlande, liuetennentgenerall of # the northepartis, and our lord to the saide Williame M'Kintosche of his landis; # quha come in the said Erlis will for the samin, and thairfoir he was heidit # at Strabogy in the moneth of August, and his landis forfaltit. For the quhilk # caus thair was gret appearance of feade betuix the erle of Huntlie and # the Erle of Cassillis and utheris, quha lamented M'Kintocheis deid. Bot # the mater was eftir aggreit be the Quene Regent, and the proces of # forfaltour reduced, and M'Kintochis air restored to his haill landis. Yet the kin # of Glenhattan tuik revenge thairof; for shortlie thaireftir the principallis # of thame enterit be policie within the castell of Pettie, quhair Lauchlane # M'Kintoche remanit, quhom thay allegit to be the authour and inventar of that # purpose, and first revelar thairof to the Erle of Huntlie; and thairfoir # they crewellie slew him, albeit he was of thair awin kin, and banished all # thame that pertenit to him furth of thair boundis.

In the beginning of the moneth of Septembre, Leowin Strosse # priour of Capoa, arryved in Scotlande, with sax gallayis and certane # shippes; and shortlie thairefter the Quene douarier, accumpaneit with # the Erle of Huntlie and a gret nombre of the nobilitie of Scotlande, of # ladeis and gentill men, with Monsieur Dosell, de Thermes and uthers # Frenche and Italiane capitans, enbarqued at Leyth, and sayled with # prosperous windis be the coist of Ingland till France, quhair thay # arryvit in the raid of Deip, and landit thair with all thair hoill cumpanie # the xix day of September; quhair sho was honorable receaved, and frome # that convoyit to Rowen, quhair the King was then resident, making his entre thair; quho receaved hir with gret effectione and fawour, # shawin alswell to all the nobill men that was with hir as to hir self; quhair # the King kepit the solempnitie of the ordour of Sanct Michaell # with gret triumph, amangis the quhilk the Erle of Huntlie was honourable # plesed as one of thame, according to his ancietie and estait. In this # triumphe, and all the rest of the voyage, the Quene of Scotlande was # present in the Kingis courte, quhilk was verey confortable to the Quene # douarier and rest of the nobill men of Scotlande; quha remanit still in # the King of France cumpanie till his cuming to Pareis, quhilk was aboute # the middest of October, quhair thair was guid intertenement maid # to the Quene douarier and nobill men of Scotlande, be the nobilitie # of France, specialie the Quenis frendis. Bot most of all, the King him # self used so gret familiartie and sa humane and gentill behaveour toward # thame, and specialie toward the Erle of Huntlie and utheris, that he # allured thair hairttis in sic sort, that at all tyme the said King # Henrie was thocht to be the moist humane and luffing King to Scottis men # of ony that had bene mony yeris preceding; and so hie contenowit in # the same favour to his deith. And eftir the King had tareit thair # certane dais, he tuik his jornay toward Bloyse, and be the way maid his # entre in the toun of Chartres, the xx day of November, accompaneit with the # Quene

of Scotlande and the Quene douarier hir moder, and the nobill # men of Scotlande; and frome that maid his entre in Bloyse, quhair the # Quene of Scotlande and the rest of that cumpanye maid residens all # the rest of that winter. During the quhilk tyme the Quene douarier did # oppin the caus of hir cuming into France to the King and his secreit # counsallouris, be the adwyse of the duike of Guise and Cardinall of Lorane # hir brethir, principallie for advancing of hir to the governement # of the realme of Scotland, quhilk was thocht verrey guid, and # approved be the King and his counsall, quha referrit the ordering and dres # of the hoill matter principallie to the Quene his self, specialie # quhat was to be observed to draw the governement of the realme furth of the # Duik of Chattillirailt handis without ony tumult. And to the effect # the Quene mycht bring hir purpose bettir to pas, sho persuadit the King # to grant a gift of the ducherie of Chattilliro in heretage to the Erle # of Arrane, than Governour of Scotlande, making also his eldest sone # capitane of the Scottis cumpanie and men of armes and archers in France; # lyk wayis to mak ane gifte of the erledome of Murray in heretage # to the Erle of Huntlie; a gift of the erledome of Rothes to one of # the Erle of Rothes awin sonis, quha had mareit the Governors cousignes; a # new gifte of erledome of Angus to the Erle thairof; and siclike of # the erledome of Mortoun to Georg Douglas sone; with a gret nombre # of utheris giftis and confirmationis maid be the King to syndre # uther particuler nobill and gentill men onder his seill and hand wreit, # oblishing him (\in verbo regio\) to caus the Quene of Scotlande, at hir # perfyte aige, ratifie and approve the samyn, or ellis he to gif thame as # guid within the realme of France; apoun the quhilkis thair wes lettres # patentis maid in dew forme, quhilkis the Quene douarier delivered to # everye ane at hir discretione. In this meintyme, the Governour of Scotlande send Sir # Robert Carnegy knycht, in France, to gif the King most hartlie thankis for # the gret

supporte he had send in Scotlande, throch the quhilk the # Inglismen war expellit furth of the realme. Bot or his returning, the Quene # douarier caused the king propone to the bischope of Ros, than resident # ambassadour for Scotlande in France, and to the saide Sir Robert, and to Maister Gawin Hamiltoun abbot of Kilvinning, the first motione, # that the Quene douarier suld haif the governement of the realme of # Scotlande, and be maid regent thairof. And to gratifie the Governour in the meintyme, the said ambassadours receaved possession of the # ducherie of Chattilliroult, towin and palice thairof, in the # Governouris name, and appointit ane gentill man, callit James Hammiltoun of # Ormestoun, to haif cure and charge, and receave the fruittis and rentis # thairof, to his utilitie and proffeit; and lykewyse his eldest sone, the Erle # of Arrane, being than in France, receaved charge of the Scottis cumpanie, # men of armes and archers, with honorabill estait and intertenement # for the samyn. And so the said Sir Robert Carnegy returnit in # Scotlande; and shortlie thaireftir, the bischope of Ros followit, to # persuaid the Governour to aggre to the kingis desyris, quhairin he maid gret travell, quhill at last he brocht the same to passe; and for his # reward, the king gaif to him the abay of Lassye in France, quhilk he enjoyit # thaireftir all his dayis. At this tyme, King Eduard of Inglande send the Marques of # Northamptoun and certane utheris nobill men of Inglande, in message to the King of France to Bloyse; quhair thair was gret bonespellis, # matches and wedfeis betuix the Scottismen and the Inglismen in sindre # gammes, exercise of thair bodeis, alsweill with the croce bow, putting # of the stane, and bar of irine, as in wrasling and sindre utheris # gammes, quhairin thay did excell all uther nations; sua that the King and # nobilitie of France tuike gret pleasour thairof, and thay used thame # selffis to the gret honor of boith thair nations, albeit in treuith the Scottismen # did excell the uther in the most pairt of all foirsaide gammes.

In the beginning of symmer thaireftir, the King, # accumpaneit with the Quene of Scotlande, Quene douarier, and nobilitie thairof, # past to the tounes of Towres, Anges, Nantis, and divers utheris townis # in the ducherie of Britang+ge, and maid his entres, quhair he was with # grete triumphe receaved; and eftir his returning, lykewyse in # Orleance, and fre that come to Fontaneblew; quhair the Quene douarier and # all the nobilitie of Scotlande, tuik thair leif of the King and the # Quene of Scotlande, and nobill men of France, with gret fawour, # benevolens and guid intertenement; and fre that the Quene douarier past to # Jamveill in Champaing+ge, to visse the Duches of Guise hir modir and # utheris hir freindis, quha than was in duile for departing of that nobill # and ancient prince the Duike of Guyse hir fader, quha deceissit the yeir # preceding. In the meintyme, the most pairt of hir cumpanie remanit in # Paris bying and preparing sindre thingis to be had in Scotlande with # thame, quhilkis was moir superfluus nor necesser, as everie ains, bot specialie # the ladeis fantaseis did move thame; and fre that the Quene douarier and # all hir cumpanie com to Rwan, quhair sho tuik purpose to pas in # Scotlande throch Ingland, and so embarkin thair, past be watter to the # New Heavin, and frome that salit throch the sey, and landit at Portismowth apoun the west parte of Inglande; quhair sho was honorablie # receaved and interteneit, and convoyit throch Hampschyre, Sussex and # Surrey, be the Erle of Southamptone, Lord Williame Haward and uther # nobill men with gret cumpaneis, quhill sho come to Hamptoun courte, # quhair sho was receaved be King Eduard, with gret benivolens and well # interteneit; and fre that convoyit doun the river of Temmes in the Kingis bairges to Lundoun, and ludged in the bischope of Lundonis # palice; and shortlie thaireftir, King Eduard come to the Quhythall for # intertenement of the Quene douarier, quhair gret banqueting and honorable pastyme was maid, and all the antiquiteis, monumentis and # princepall jouallis of the realme was shawin to hir. And than was # proponit to hir

in most effecteous maner be King Eduard, to persuade the King # of France to leave the mariage of the Quene of Scotlande with his # eldest sone, and to aggre that he mycht marie hir, according to the # first appointment maid be the Governour and estatis of Scotlande to that effect, quhilk he affirmed was most meit for the unione of boith the # realmes, stanching of bluid, and for a perpetuall quietnes in tymis # cuming; and he assured hir, that utherwayis quhosoever mareit hir suld not # haif hir with his kindnes, bot he suld be ennemy to him in all tymis # cuming. To the quhilk, the said nobill lady maid wyse ansueris, # affirmyng that the fault was in the rigorous perswit maid be fyre and suord # be the Protectour and utheris of his cunsall, aganis the realme of # Scotlande, that forced the nobilitie to seik support fro France, and # thair throch was constraned to send the Quene thair; and that sic fassione of # dealing was not the nerrest way to cunques a lady and princes of heretage # in mariage, quho suld rather be socht be curtes, humane and gentill # behaviour, nor be rigorous crewell and extreme persuit; and forder, gif # thay had begun at hir guid will quha was modir to the Quene, quhen thay # attempted uther extraordinall meanes, sho had shawin hir moir faworabill in that mater. Yit since so it was happinnit, that the King # him selfe had proponit the mater unto her, sho promiset to make # advertisment thairof to the King of France and hir freindis thair, shortlie # eftir hir returning in Scotland. And so eftir guid intertenement, sho # tuike hir leif of the King, and was honorablie convoyit through the # citie of Lundoun be the Duik of Northumberland, Erle of Penbruch, and mony uther nobill men; the Mair of the citie and auldermen # being placed in the way in honorabill cumpaneis, and thairfre passit # to Wair; and all the way quhill sho come to Bervicke, certane nobill # was appointit in everie sherefdome for hir honorabill convoye; and thairfre past in Scotlande, quhair sho was receaved be the Erle # Bothuile, Lord Hwme and utheris barronis apoun the bordouris, and convoyit to # Edinburgh,

quhair the Governour receaved hir with gret honour and fawour. And here is to be rememberit, that quhen the Quene ambarqued # at Newhevin to pas in Ingland, that the Erle of Huntlie wald not # pas with hir, for that he feared that in case he entered within # Ingland, he walde be stayed be reasoun he departed, being presoner in # thair handis, bot thair licence or ransoun payed; and thairfoir saled the # neirest way be the coast of Ingland in Scotland, and landit at the toun of # Montrose, in the end of the moneth of September; and mony of the # princepall of the nobill men returnit also in Scotlande be the same way. # Quhill the Quene regent was in France, thair was ane tressonable # practise devised and interprised to be execut, for poysoning of the Quene of # Scotland in France, quhilk was tryed furth and reveled be ane # Scottisman callit James Hendersoun, at that tyme resident in Ingland; be # quhais advertisment, the principall authour callit Stewart, being # ane archear of the King of France gard, quha had takin upon hand to execut # the same, was apprehendit in the towne of Blaisse in France, and eftir # dyvers tormentis was hangit and quarterit for the same. In this yeir of God, I=m= V=c= and fiftie ane yeiris, the # Governour caused hald ane parliament in the moneth of Maij, and ane uther in # the moneth of Februar thaireftir; quhairin thair was sindry actis and # guid lawis maid for the commone wele of the realme, and executioun of # justice. Sone eftir the Quenis returning, sho labored to aggre all # the nobill men o sic debaittis, controversies and querrellis, as had # bene nurist amangis thame the tyme of the warris, specialie for the rycht # and tytilles of certane of the princepall benefices of the realme, quhilkis # had bene lang in question amangis thame, quhairof the agrement was # refferred unto hir; quha, be the adwyse of the Governour, Erlis of # Huntlie, Angus, Argyle, ordanit, that the Governouris brodir suld remane # bischop of Sanct Androis, quhairto he was alreddy provydit; and his # seconde sone suld haif the abacye of Arbroith; and that Maister James # Betoun, quha

had richt to the said abacye, suld be promoved to the # archebischoprik of Glasgw; and the possessione of the bischoprik of Dunkell # suld be left be the abbot of Cowper, quha was the Erle of Argylis frend, # and gevin to ane Creychtoun, quha was lauchfullie providit thairto; and # in recompense of the said abbot, suld haif the first bischoprik that # hapinnit to waik, quhilk was the bischoprik of Brechin, to the quhilk he # was nominat be the Quene thaireftir. Lykwyse, Maister Alexander Gordoun, brodir to the Erle of Huntly, being anis providit and # consecret at Rowme archebischope of Glasgw; for renuncing of the tytle # thairof, he gat the gift of the abbacy of Inchechaffray, and retynit # the stile of ane archebischoppe, being titillit of Athenis, till he was # promoved to the bischoprik of Galloway in Scotlande. Thir and mony uther # controverseis war aggreit, be the wisdome and gret discretione of the # nobilitie, and the Quene douarier, to the quietnes and contentatioun of # all the hoill cuntrey. About the samyn tyme, ane lerned wyse aged father, callit # Doctor Wauchop Scottisman, archebischop of Armacham in Ireland, quha # was contenowalie frome his infancy blind, yit was of so excellent # guid lerning and knawlege, that he was maid doctour of theologie in Paris; # for the quhilk, and for his wisdome and experience, he was # promoved be Paip Paule the third to the said archebischoprike, and send # legate and ambassadour be him and Paip Julij the third oftymes to the # Empreour, and in France, Scotland, Ireland, and uther partis, with # commision also of a legat a latere, quhair he execut his charge wyslye and # discretlie to the admiratione of many, and to the gret honour of his hoill # natione, and now deceissit in Paris the x day of November, and was bureid in # the Gray freris. During the tyme that the Quene douarier and the nobilitie # of Scotlande was in France, thair come ane doctour phisitiane, callit # Ramsay, Scottisman, furth of Turing in Pyedmount to France, being of # gret aige and guid lerning and experience, quha served all the # nobill men of

Scotland and thair hoill cumpanye, with sic things as was # necessar for thame, frelie apoun his awin charges, moved onely for the # zeill he buir toward his cuntrey; swa that he wald not suffer thame to cum # onder the cuir and medicine of strangers, in case thay mycht haif # hapinnit in sum onrecoverabill inconvenient, ather be evill drogges or # onlerned mixtour thairof; as happinit to the nobill men quha come to the # mariage of the Quene in France in the fiftie aucht yere of God thaireftir. The hoill realme of Scotland being this maner in quyetnes, # everye man addrest him self to policie, and to big, plant and # pleneise those rowmes quhilkis throch the trublis of the warris, be Inglismen # or utheris had bene wasted, brint, spulyeit, or distroyit; and for # establissing throch all the partis of the realme, the Governour be advyse of the # Quene and nobilitie, determinit to hald justice aris throch all the # partis of the realme, and that rather for staying of trubles in tymis, nor # for rigorous punishment of anye offences by past; and to that effect, he # being accumpaneit with the Quene and syndre uther nobill men, past in the north partis of Scotlande, and first held his aris at Invernes # in the moneth of Julij; quhair thair was litill punishment or executione of # mennis bodeis, bot certane compositioun of money takin frome every # man according to his strait conditione, and qualitie of the cryme; and fra # that come forduart to Elgin, Banf and Aberden; thaireftir to Dundie # and Perth, quhair the lyk ordour was observed and kepit; and from # that past in the west cuntrey to Glasgw, Langrig, Dumfreis, and utheris # partis, doing the like thair; as in Edinburgh, Louthiane and these # partis in the nixt winter. And in the tyme of Lentren thaireftir he past to # Jedbrough quhair he held his aris, putting ordour and guid rule to all # the effaris of the bordouris, boith on the eist and myddill merchis, as he # had done in Dumfries on the west of befoir; appointing wyse and discrete # capitanis, wardanis and officers thairupoun, quha kepit all the bordouris # in guid justice and quietnes.

In this progres, Sir George Douglas of Pettindrich knycht, # brodir to the Erle of Angus, quha had beine a man of gret wit and # experience, deceissit in the tyme of the aris in Elgin; quhome I do heir # remember, for that he was so well knawin in his tyme in France, Scotland # and in Inglande, for his politeque and wechetie effares in the oft # changes of the governement of Scotlande, quhairin his inventionis and # moyens was not the leist. About the same tyme, Alexander Lord Gordon, # eldest sone to the Erle of Huntly, quha had mareit the Governouris # dochtir, and was a verrey wyse young man of guid qualiteis, deceissit # of ane bleding at Edinburgh. At the tyme of the Governouris residens in Jedbruche, # Maister Dauid Panter bischope of Ros, albeit not than consecrat, quha had # bene contenowalie ambassadour resident in France sevin yeris preceding, arryvit in Jedburgh, and was thair consecrat bischope with grete # solempnitie, triumphe and banqueting; quhair thair was sindrie of the # bordouraris maid knychtis, sic as the lairdis of Sesford, Farneherst, # Coldounknowis, Sir Androw Kar of Littildein, the Larde of Grenheide, # Balcleuch and sindre utheris; and swa the Governor leissing all in quietnes # apoun the bordouris, returnit to Edinburgh. During all the tyme of this progres and holding of aris, # the Quene douarier passit contenowalie in company with the Governor # throche all the partis of the realme; quhair sho laborit secreitlie at all # the lordis handis, boith spirituall and temporall, to aggre and gif thair # consentis to hir to be admittit regent of the realme of Scotlande, # during the rest of the minoritie of the Quene hir dochtir; and that sho mycht # be receaved thairto quhosone the yeris of the tutorie suld be run furth # and endit, and soner gif law wald permit the samin; or in cais the # Governour mycht be persuadit for favour, pleasour or guid deid, befoir # the tyme thairof war run out, to leif the samyn; and for this effect # sho maid syndrie promiseis of gret rewardis, with privie bandis to the lordis # particularlie;

be the quhilk sho drew almost the hoill nobilitie of Scotland # to be of hir opinione, and to subscrive secretlie with hir; and so # thinking hir self assured of thame, sho caused the said bishope of Ros move # the mater to the Governour, desyringe him, apoun the King of Frances # name, to leiff the office and governement of the realme to the Quene # douarier with favour and benevolens. To the quhilk the governour on no # wayis at the first wald aggre, so that thair apperit gret divisione # to be betuix him and the Quene, in sic sort that all the rest of that yeir # the Governour remained for the most pairt in Edinburgh, accumpaneit with ane # few nomber of lordis, and the Quene in Striveling, quhair sho had # gret resort and almost contenowall cumpanie of the Erle of Angus, Huntly, Argyle, Atholl, Cassillis and mony utheris, in hoip of change # of the authoritie, to be rewardit for thair assistance. The Quene # perceaving the Governour not willing to leif the tutorie befoir the xij # yeris war compleit, be the adwyse and counsall of sum exparte, did bringe a # questione that the same was alreddy experit and run furth quhosone the # Quene was xj yeris compleit and entered in the xij yeir of hir aige, # as sho was than presentlie apoun the sevint day of November in the yeir # of God I=m= V=c= liij yeris; affirming that a yeir befoire the birth, # quhen that a prince is in the modir wombe suld be compted as they had bene borne, # quhensoevir it may further advance thame in ony thing, and so to haif bene observed alsweill to the Princes of the realme of Scotlande as # within utheir cuntreis in tymis past. And to that effecte sho wreit # to all the nobill men of Scotlande, to conveine with hir at Striveling at # ane certane day appointit thairto, to gif thair adwyse and consent # thairupoun; quhair thay all convenit to that effect; so that the Governour # remanit almost his allaine in Edinburgh, accumpaneit onlie with the # bischope of Sanct Androis and Lord Levingstoun; quhair considering that # he culd not weill resist aganis the Quene douarier and the hoill # nobilitie, be eirnstfull messages and lettres send to him be the Erle of # Huntlye

and utheris nobill men, he past towart Striveling, and thair # be the adwyse of the hoill nobilitie and counsall, thair was a finall # aggrement maid betuix the Quene and Governour, that he suld leif, dimit # and gif our the office of tutorie of the Quene and governement of the # realme, to the effect that the Quene mycht cheife curatouris in # France, and be thair adwyse appoint the Quene douarier Regent of the realme # of Scotlande, or ony utheir at thair pleasour; and that one parliament sould # be appointit to be haldin in the monethe of Aprile nixt following # in Edinburgh, quhair the Governour sould publiclie gif our the said office; # and in the meintyme, for suir keping of his part, he aggreit to # deliver than presentlie the castell of Edinburgh in the handis of the Lord # Erskin, to be kepit unto the saide parliament, apoun that condicioune, that # in caise the Governor wald not keip his promeise, than the samyn sould be # delivered to the Quene douarier; and on the uther parte, in case sic # conditions as was promised to him suld not be kept, the said castell sould # be randerit agane to the Governour. Lykwyse the Quene douarier promesed to # the Governour ane full and ample discharge of all intromissioun # with King James the fyftis treassouris of gold and money, jowellis, # silver veshell, copbourdis, movables and plenishing, all utheris thingis # belonging unto him the tyme of his deceis; and siclik ane discharge of # intromissioun with all the fruittis, rentis, alsweill of the propertie as # causualtie pertening to the patrimonie of the crowne, intromettit or # receaved, or quhilkis suld haif bene receaved be him or ony in his name, # from the deceis of the King to the tyme of the nixt parliament; with # sufficient confirmatione of all giftis of benefices, wardis, mariages or # uther causualiteis quhatsumevir during the said tyme, and ane # confirmatione of the gift of the ducherie of Chattillirault to him and his # aris; and that the castell of Dumbartane suld remane in the Governouris # handis quhill the Quenis perfit aige; with sindre utheris pactionis, # promesis and conditionis. And for suir keping thairof, the Quene promesed to caus the

thre estatis of the realme to be bundin and oblist onder thair # hand wreit and seales, lyk as the lordis thair present did than oblis # thame, that all the foirsaid suld be keipt unto the Governour, and that the # Quene sould nevir revoik, bot ratifie and appreve the samyn at hir perfyt # aige. And that in the same parliament the Duik of Chattillorault suld be # declarit be the thre estatis to be secounde persone to the realme, and # just and lawful heretour to the crowne, failyeing the Quene and the # lauchfull successione of hir body. And swa all thir heades being well aggreit, the conventione was dissolvit; and for performing thairof, the # Governor presentlie caused deliver the keping of the castell of # Edinburgh, with all munitione being thairintill, to the Lord Erskyn; and the # Quene send with all speid in France, to obtene all sic discharges, # giftis, confirmations, commissionis, and sic uther thingis necessar to be had agane the nixte parliament. Quhill this appearance of divisione was standing betuix the # Governour and Quene, thair was sum in dyvers partis of the realme that # preissed to waikin auld deidlie feaddes, and to quyt querrellis, thinking # than to be tyme most convenient, for that it apperit most easie to thame # to get remissioun of thair wicked dedis ather frome thame that left the # authorite, or thame that entered thairintill. Apoun this pretence, as # appered, the laird of Balcleuch was slayne in Edinburgh be the Karris; # quhairupoun gret fead and displeasour followit betuix the surnames of the # Karris and Scottis; and about the samyn tyme the maister of Ruthven slew # ane wailyeant gentill man callit Johne Charteris of Kinclevin in # Edinburgh, apoun occasione of auld fead, and for staying a decreit of ane # proces quhilk the said Johne persewit aganis him befoir the Lordis of # the Sessione; quhairupoun occasioun was taikin in the nixt parliament, that thair was a law maid that quhasumevir he was that slew any man # for the persuit of any actione aganis him, that he sulde lose the # rycht and tytle of his actione, and the slayer suld be also punished in # body and

guidis according to the lawis of the realme; quhilk was the # occatione of staying of sic crewell attemptis in tyme cuming. At the # same tyme, the Lord Sempill slew the Lord Creychtoun of Sanchar in the # Governouris awin hous, apoun a suddan, within the toun of Edinburgh; for # the quhilk he was taikin and put in the castell of Edinburgh, and # had bene execut thairfoir, war not the gret laboris maid be the Lorde # Sancharis freindis for sauftie of his lyf, through ane aggrement that # was labored betuix thame, be moyence of the bischop of Sanctandrois and # utheris his frendis at that tyme. Quhen thir things was in doing in Scotlande, Edwarde the # sixt King of Ingland be long lingering seiknes departit out of this lyf # the sixt daie of Julij I=m= V=c= liij yeris; and immediatlie eftir his deceis, # apoun the ix daye of Julij, be meanis and laboris of the Duik of Northumberland # and utheris of his factione, ane callit Lady Jane, dochtir to the # Duik of Suffolke, was proclamed Quene; quhilk was the caus of gret # trubill to the said Duik and Ladye and all thair frendis; for apoun the # xx day of Julij nixt following, Ladye Marie, eldest dochtir of King # Henry the aucht, was proclamed and receaved Quene be the hoill nobilitie # and universall consent of the Estatis of the realme; and shortlie # thaireftir, the Duik of Northhumberland, Duik of Suffolk, Lady Jane and # hir husbande Lorde Gilford, with a gret nomber of utheris, war all # beheidit at Lundoun; and the said Quene Marie being cronit, convenit a # parleament, in the quhilk sho reduced the hoill realme to the auld # catholique religion, for observatione of the ordour used, ministratioun # of the sacramentis, messe and utheris service; admitting also the # suppremicie of the seate of Rome within that realme, as it had bene used # in the beginning of King Henry the VIII hir faderis regne. And # shortlie thaireftir sho was mareit with Philip than Prince, now King of # Spainye, eldest sone to the emprior; for the quhilk caus thair was # rased sindre insurrectionis and conspiraceis within the realme of Inglande # aganis the

said mariage; quhilkis was quenched and set doun, bot not # without gret executione and bluid shed of the conspiratours thairof, as # may be sene in thair cronicles and annellis, quha liftis to reid at # lenth. Sone eftir the coronatione, all strangers, specialie the # Scottis men, quha ather for crymis or for religione, war banished thair # awin cuntreis, and ressait in Ingland in King Eduardis tyme, war charged to # depairt furth of that realme; and thairfoir Normound Leslie Maister of # Rothes, Laird of Grange, Maister Henry Balnafeis and thair cumpanie, # being banished Scotlande for the slauchter of the Cardinall, also # the Lairdis of Brunstoun and Ormestoun, and utheris than resident in # Inglande, returnit in France. Normound was employed in service of the # warris be King Henry of France aganis the Emprior, and gat the charge # of ane hundrethe lycht horsmen, in the quhilk he used him self # verrey vailyeantlie; purposing thairby, that he mycht recover boith his honour and leaving, quhilk he had losed in Scotland be wicked counsell of # utheris, in assisting that ungodlie deid, quhilk he repented verrey # soir at all tyme. Bot eftir syndre vailyeant factis and dedis of armes, # verrey happelie and curageouslie done be him in tha weares, to the gret honour # and confort of his natione, in a scarmushe at Rentoun in Picardie, # he was woundit be a shot of a pistolet, and of that hurt he deceisset # at Montrell the xxix day of August 1554. The King of France, for # recompance of his service, receaved his eldest brodir Williame in fawour, # and maid him gentill man of his chalmer, and he send the Lord of Grange and # all the rest of his companie in Scotlande, and caused thame to be # restored to thair levinges agane, be the Quene regent and estatis of # parliament. The tyme of the appointit parliament for ending of all # thingis betuix the Quene douarier and the Governour being cumin, the estatis # of Scotlande was convenit at Edinburgh, quhairupoun the xij day # of the moneth of Aprill, the Governour and Quene comperit, and the # parliament was first set and fensed in the Quene oure soveranis name, # with

consent of James Duik of Chattillire Erle of Arrane, hir # tutor and governour; and thair was presented and red in presens of all the estatis, all the contractis maid betuix the Quene and Governour, with # the confirmationis granted be the Quene, with consent of hir curatouris in France thairupoun, in ample forme; quhilkis war ratefeit and # apprevit be the estatis of parliament; and lykwyse was red ane contract, # be the quhilk the hoill estatis oblished thame to warrande the same # to the Governour according to the former appointment, quhilkis was presentlie subscrivit be all those quho voit in parliament, and thair # seales affixit thairto; quhilkis being done, and he declared secound persoun # of the realme, the Governour in presens of the estatis and of the # Quene douarier and Monsieur Dosell, ambassadour resident for the King of # France in Scotland, renuncit an dimittit the office of tutorie and # governement of the realme; and than presentlie was pronunced and # publiquelie red, ane commission gevin be the Quene of Scotlande in France, with # the consent of hir foirsaid curators, in most ample forme, making # the Quene hir modir regent of hir realme and lieges; quhilk commissione # and office sho acceptit apoun hir, and was admittit and receaved be the # estaitis thairto; and the parliament being of new sensed agane in name # of the Quene, with consent of the Quene regent hir modir, and # approved be the estatis, thaireftir the same wes dissolvit. Quhen the Quene was placed in this maner be universall # consent of the estatis, and receaved as regent of the realme, than as the # commoune use is, at the change of the prince and authoritie, all the # princepall officiaris to be changed, the Erle of Cassillis was maid # thesaurar; ane Frenche man callit Welemort wes appoynted comptroller; Maister James M=c=Gill maid clark of the register; the abbot of Cowper, # Lorde Privie Seill; ane callit Monsieur Rubie, Frenchman, a # procutour of Paris, appointit to keip the gret seill, and to be as vice # Chancelar and assister to the Erle of Huntlie than Chancelar; and sindre # uther particular

offices war changed lykwyse. Bot the Quene regent shortlie thaireftir begouth to use the counsall of these Frenche men, # Dosell, Rubie, Welemort, moir nor of the nobilitie of Scotland, and of # ane called Monsieur Bonet, quhome sho maid governour of Orknay # thaireftir; quhilk maid thame to conceave sum jolesie aganis the Quenis # governement, evin in the beginning, albeit thai kepit the same secreitlie within thair breistis quhill the fiftie sevin yeir of God; at # quhilk tyme it was utterit at Maxwellheuch, to the gret disquieting of the # hoill estait. Eftir the dissolving of this parliament the Quene Regent, # willing to put ordour to sum troubles in the hie landis of the cuntrey, # caused the Erle of Huntlie, with a commissione of livetennentrie, pas # with ane gret army to Abirtarf, within the sherifdome of Invernes, to # invaid Johne Mudyard his kin and assisteris; quhair the said Erle # being convenit with ane gret nomber, alsweill of hieland as lawland men, he proponit to the principallis of the hoill oist, desyring thame # to merche forduart in the hie landis, for apprehending of the saide # Johne Mudyard and his kin; bot the barronis and gentill men of the lawlandis # in speciall, refused to go in that cuntrey les nor thay mycht # travell on hors, as they culd on no wayis do in that boundis; and the said Erle # wald not merche with the hieland men onlie, for the lait hattrent # that thai had conceaved aganis him for the deithe of M'Intoche, and # thairfoir he returned. Quhairfoir the Quene send for the said Erle of # Huntlie, and accused him befoir the counsall for negligent executione of # his commissione, and thairfoir he was wardit within the castell of Edinburgh in # the moneth of October, quhair he remaned contenowalie till the # moneth of Merche nixt following; and in the meintyme, gret inquisitione # was maid aganis him, be the informatione of his privat ennemeis; # bot at last the matter was so appointit, that the said Erle was maid # content to renunce and dimit to the Quene regent the heretabill infestment of the erledome of Murray and Lordship of Abirnethy, the takkis # and

possessione of Orknay and Zetland, the baillierie and takkis # of the erledome of Mar and lordship of Straythdie, and was content to pas in France, thair to remaine for the space of fyve yeris; and be # this appointment he was releissit furth of the castell. And eftir he had maid his preparatione reddy to depairt in France, and to that # effect the Quene regent had gevin him licence to conye all his silver # veshell for his furnessing, sho was content to discharge him of that # vyage, swa that he suld remane in Scotland, for payment of certane gret # sowmis of money, quhilk he caused deliver to hir than presentlie; and # thairfoir was restored to his office of chancellarie agane, althocht # Monsieur Rubie had the princepall charge thairof, and kepit the gret seill # during the hoill tyme of the Quene regentis governement. About the samyn tyme returned in Scotland furth of France # ane wyse and lerned prelat, maister Henrie Sinclair deane of # Glasgw, vice president of the college of justice, quha had bene a familiar # counsalour to King James the fyft; bot during all the tyme of the # Governouris regement was not in gret credeit; yit for his wisdome, knawlege and # experience, was holdin in gret honour and estimatione be the Quene regent, and be the hoill nobilitie. Immediatlie eftir his arryving, he # caused be his counsall the bischoppe of Orknay, than president of the # college of justice, and all the senatouris thairof, mak certane statutes # for abbreviation of processis, guid ordour to be observed in the said college, # reformatione of abusis, quhairof the actis, statutes and monumentis remanis # yit to thir our daies in the said college, quhairby justice may be # indefferentlie, sinceirlie and uprichtlie ministred to all personis, and # frevolowis and superflowis termis and delationis cut away, and diligent # ordour be the lordis, thair scrybis, advocattis and members of court # observed, and all abuse removed; swa that thaireftir justice was dewlie # ministrat within the samyn, according to the lawis of the realme, in bettir # ordour nor it had bene in ony tyme preceding.

In this mene seasoun thair was a parliament haldin at # Edinburgh, in the monethe of Julij, be the Quene regent and thre estatis of # the realme; quhair thair was convenit mony nobill, wyse, lerned and expart # men as evir had bene at ony parliament mony yeris preceding; and # thair was mony and sindre guide statutis and lawis maid for the # commoun weill, tending princepallie to the quietnes of the hoill # subjectis thairof; quhilkis ar contenit at lenth in the register buikis of the # actis of parliament, and thairfoir I will not be superflowus in rehersing thairof; albeit mony of thame be worthie of memorie, specialie the acte # of the dischargeing of gadderinges and assembleis used in flitting # Fryday and Witsoundaye, the dischargeingis of conventionis under the # cullour of Robeine Huid, and the discharge of ligges or bandis to be # taikin or gevin frome one subject to ane uther, and utheris siclik; for # the quhilkis sufficient ordour was providit in the saidis statutis, for the # commowne tranquilitie to be observed in tymis cuming. At the same tyme, Quene Marie of Ingland was mareit to King Phillop Prince of Spaingye, upoun the xxv day of Julij at # Winchester; quha send thairfre ane ambassadour in Scotland in baith thair # names to the Quene regent, to congratulat and rejose for the said # marriage; desyring hir to conserve amitie, freindship and peace betuix the twa # realmes; and for conferming thairof, thair was appointit certane # commissioners to meit in the nixt symmer, as thay did apoun the bourdouris. Quhill the Quene was putting ordour to the effaris of the # south partis in this wyse, the Erle of Atholl was send with speciall # commissione into the hielandis for apprehending of Johne Mudyarde; quhair he # wrought so be wisdome, policie and guid convoy, that the saide John # come with him to the Quene regent, with tow of his sonnis and certane of # his kin, and submitted thame into hir will; quha as a clement and # mercifull princes, moir of hir guidnes nor thair desertis, pardonit # thame at that tyme, and caused thame remane in waird within the toun of # Perth and

castell of Meffane, quhair thay war weill treated; yit as the # tod can not byd furth of his hoill, eftir thay had tareit thair certane # space, thay brak thair wardis, and past secreitlie in thair awin cuntrey, # quhaire thay sterit up be thair counsall new troble agane, lyk as was also in # diverse partis of the hie landis; quhilk moved sore the Quene to make a jornay # in the nixt yeir in the north partis, to hold justice aris for # punishment of gret offences and stenching of sic misreule in tymes cuming. In the beginning of this symmer thair was ane parliament # haldin at Edinburgh; in the quhilk the lairdis of Brunstoun, Ormestoun, # Grange, and certane utheris quha had bene forfaltit in the Governouris # tyme, war at the speciall request of the King of France restored, # and the same parliament was contenowit thaireftir, and callit a running # parliament. During the tyme of the samyn, the Quene regent, be the # counsall of Monsieur Dosell, Rube, and certane lordis of the nobilitie, # desyred ane new ordour to be taikin be the estatis of the realme for # sustentatione of the warris aganis Ingland, quhen soevir thay suld happin to be # in tymes cuming; and that be payment of certane taxationis, impostis # and controbutionis, to be raised and payit be everye man of quhatsoevir qualitie # or estait, conforme to the quantitie of his landis, rentis, # guidis, and substance. And to that effect it was devysed that inventouris suld be # taikin be the shereffis of everie mannis rentis, goodes and # substance; and that with this taxation, men of weir to be conduced to ly apoun the # bordaris, swa that no man suld be trubled to cum frome thair awin # housses for defence thairof, bot quhen the gret army of Ingland come # within the realme; quhilk new inventione, albeit sum of the lordis of the # nobilitie for pleasour of the Quene seamed to aggre thairto for the # tyme, yit the barronis and gentill men was nathing content thairwith, # and for staying thairof maid mony privie assembleis and conventions; # and at last thair convenit in the abbay kirk of Halieruidhous to the # number of iij=c= barronis, and send tua of the most ancient amangis # thame, quhilkis

was the lairds of Calder and Weames, to the Quene regent and # lordis of hir counsall, desyring moist humelie not to alter the # ancient custome, lawis and liberteis of the realme, in putting thame to sic # charges of payment of sowmes of money; affirming that thair foirfatheris and # predicessouris had defendit the samyn, mony hundreth yeris, vailyeantlie with thair awin handis; and for that caus principallie thay had # thair levingis and landis gevin unto thame be thair prince, to serve him with # thair awin personis into the warris; and as thay beleiffit # assuredlie, none had power to dispence with thame, or alter the maner of thair # halding, or discharge thame of that service, specialie during the # minoritie of thair prince and soverane; for in that respect the King has bene # callit at all tymes, King of Scottes, that is rather in respect of men nor # of money or substance of the cuntrey; declaring also, that thay quha # presentlie inhabited the realme, was of als good curage and hardement, abill and vailyeant to defende thair realme as utheris thair forbears # hes bene in tymes past, thairfoir wald fecht with thair awin handis, and # defende the same with thair bodeis; for thay culd not trust any waged # man that he walde so faythfullie defende thair libertie, wyffis, # bairnis, landis and possessionis; and that thair was not so gret substance to be # spared within the realme, as to sustene so monye ydill men as war necessar # for defence of the bordouris; and last of all, thay affirmed, that the # same sulde caus the loirdis, barronis, gentill men, fall into sic ydilnes and # onskilfulnes, throuch laik of use of bearing and exercing thair armour, that # thay suld becum ane easie pray to quhatsumevir natione that waild invaid # the realme. Quhilkis thingis being declared to the Quene and # counsall, all the ressonis alleged be thame considerit, the Quene regent # be the adwyse of the nobilitie, desisted for any further travelling # in that matter; and thocht thame nothing worthie of thankis that was the # inventaris thairof, becaus it maid ane gret gruge and murmour amangis the people of the realme.

At the same tyme thair was send to the bourdouris the # bischope of Dumblane, the laird of Lethingtone, and maister James M=c=Gill # commissioners for Scotlande, to meit with ane wyse and learned man, Tonstaill bishop of Durhame, and certane utheris commissioners # for Ingland; quhair thay remanit at Dunce during the monethis of # Julij, August and September, (at quhilk tyme the Quene was in the # north partis of Scotland at the aris,) quhair thair was treated sic # things as stude in controversie betuix the twa realmes, and guid justice # done and redres maid on ather of the sydis. In this meintyme the Quene regent, making hir voyage in the # north partis, come in the moneth of Julij to Invernes, accompaneit # with the Erles of Huntly, Argyle, Atholl, Merchall, bishop of Ros and # Orknay, and syndre uther nobill men, and hir foirsaid counsaloris of # Frenche men, quhair sho held justice aris with most extreme and # rigorous punishment, and charged everie ane of the capitanis of the hie # landis to bring in the offendaris of thair awin kin, according to the # ordour prescribit in King James the Fiftis tyme, onder gret panis; quhairthrow mony was entered, boith of M'Kenzey kin, Banagowin, Lord # Lowat, M'Kintoche, Laird of Grant and mony utheris, quhairof thar was # sindrie execut; and amongis the rest, the Laird of Grant being charged to bring in ane speciall freind of his awin callit James # Graunte, for his oppressione, becaus he culd not be apprehendit and brocht # quick to the justice, he caused him and the rest of his cumpanye be slayne, # and thair heidis be presented to Quene regente. At the samyn tyme, the # Erle of Cathenis was charged lykwyse for the lyke causes, and was put # in warde, first in Invernes, and next in the castell of Edinburgh, # quhair he pait gret sowmis of money or he was delivered. Makky, the samyn # tyme capitane of Stranever, be the assistance of the Glengwn, quha # had done gret injures and wronges to the cuntrey of Sutherlande nixt # adjacent to thame, walde not entre: Thairfoir ye Quene caused the Erle of # Sutherlande

convene ane gret army, and pas within the cuntrey of # Strathnaver; and lykwyse send certane shippes be sey, quhairby he was # constraned to rander him selfe, and come with Sir Hew Kennedy to the # Quene, quhair he remaned in waird in Edinburgh dyveris yeris # thaireftir; and syndre pledges was receaved for the Glengwn, quha was kepit in # sum strenthes for thair guid rule during the Quene regentis # pleasour. Eftir the Quene had maid her residens in Invernes, and # visited the cuntre of Ros, sho returned to Elgin, Banf and Abirdene, quhair # sho held aris lykwyse; bot not with so gret executione of mennis # bodeis, bot rather be compocitione of money; and so returned to Dundie # and Perthe, keping the like ordour; and in the nixt winter, caused # the Erle of Huntlie, with the counsall and assistance of the bischoppes # of Ros and Orknay, and Sir Hew Kennedy, take up privie # indytmentis, and hald ....... courtis thairupoun, within the shyres of # Invernes, Elgin, Fores and Nardin, quhair thair was a gret nomber execut, quhilk maid the cuntrey to be haldin in gret quietnes # thaireftir. And here is to be remembred, that in all this jornay and progres # quhair the Quene Regent and her companie did pas, sho was receaved verrey honorablie, and intertenit sumpteouslie in the nobill # mennis, prelattis and barrouns housis, so that the Frenche men praised # the same verrey meikill. About this tyme, thair come ane gret ship, and with hir a # pink, furth of Muscovia, bowin toward Ingland with ane ambassadour frome # the Emperor of Muscovia, quhilk ship and pink was drevin be gret # stormes and windis apoun the northest of Scotlande, at Kynardis heid, # within the cuntrey of Buchane, quhair a gret nombre of thair cumpanie was # dronit and boith the shippes, the moist pairt of his guidis losed be # the wrake of the sey; bot the ambassadour him selfe was saved, with a gret # part of his cumpanie, and was weill intertenit be the cuntreymen, and # convoyit thairfre to Edinburgh to the Quene Regent, quha efter guid # intertenement

caused the Lord Hwme accompanie him to Berwik in the moneth of Februar thaireftir. All this tyme, thair was gret and hoit ware betuix the King # of France and King Phillip of Spaine, quha had new receaved the # governement and possessioun of the Low Countres of Flanders, Holand, # Zelland and the rest; and for his support Quene Marie of Inglande send and # denunced warre to the King of France; and sho send ane army of ten # thowsand men, the Erle of Penbruch being appointed thair generall of # Flanders, to the support of King Phillip; and quhen sho was making # preparatione thairfoir, sho sende to the Quene Regent, and desyred, that # commissioners sould meit apoun the bordouris for intertenement of peace betuix the tua realmes; and to that effect thay met in the # moneth of Junij at Carleill; for the pairt of Scotlande, the bischop of # Orknay, the deane of Glasgw, Sir Robert Carnegy, and with thame the # Maister of Maxwell, wardene of the west merchis; for the pairt of # Inglande, Tunstale, bishop of Durahame, Lord Dacres and Lord Whortoun; # quha remanit thair certane space, treating apoun redres of sic # wrangis and injureis as had bene laitlie doune apoun the bordouris. In # this meinquhyle, thair arrived ane gentill man furth of France be the west sey, send to Quene Regent, declaring that the Quene of Ingland had # send and declared to him be ane of hir harraultis, callit # Clarentious, and had ane army in redines to be transported in Flanders for the # supporte of King Phillip hir husbande aganis him; thairfoir desyred hir to # move the nobilitie of Scotlande to make war aganis Inglande, be the # quhilk thay mycht be constraned to retire thair army within thair # awin realme agane. The Quene Regent being not onwillinge to forduart that # thing mightly in her power, to the contentatione and pleasour of the # King of France and hir freindis, sho caused suddantlie make ane # conventione of the lordis at Newbottle, quhair sho persuadit thame ernistelie # to move the war aganis Ingland; bot thay consydering the same rather # to procead

for pleasour of the King of France, nor for defence of thair # awin realme, principallie haiffing the commissioners of Scotlande # lying at Carleill for redres to be had apoun the bourdoris, and that Ingland was # willinge to keip peace with thame, it maid thame thairfoir to be laith # to aggre to hir desyris, bot gaif differing ansuer to the Quene # Regent. Bot sho be the counsall of hir French capitanis, thinking to # entre onis the warris, quhairby the Scottismen suld be constraned to go # forduart in the mater, send Monsieur Dosell and Capitane Charlebus with # all thair garnesonis of Frenche men suddantlie to Dumbar; and fre that # caused thame entir in Heymouth, not far distant frome Berwicke, and # fortefie the samyn most stronglie, to the gret annoyance of Inglande; # and thairfoir the Inglismen being in Berwicke perceaving thair interprice, # send furth to make impediment thairto, quhair thair was hott # scarmushing amangis thame, bot yit the warke of fortificatione was sett # fordwart. And the Quene Regente in the meintyme, send with all speid to # the Scottis commissioners lying at Carleill, to caus thame retire # thame self within Scotland, as they did shortlie, albeit not without gret # hassard and perrell to haif bene retened thair, gif thai had tareit ij # houris longer than thay did in Inglis ground. The lordis being with the Quene at Newbottill, hering of # Monsieur Dosellis procedingis, thay culd do no utherwyis nor aggre to # the Quenis Regentis desyris; and thairfoir thay send ane harrauld to the # Quene of Ingland, to desyre hir to retire hir army furth of France, or # ellis, conforme to the ancient leage and confederacie standing betuix # Scotlande and France, thay behoved to denunce war; and gaif commissione # presentlie to the said harrauld to do the same, quha passit and fulfilled # the pointis of his commissione; and quhill he was in this jornay, # the Quene appointed the Erle of Huntlie generall liuetennent apoun the # bordouris, with certane cumpaneis of horsmen and fuit men to await upoun # him; quha acceptit the charge and past to the bordouris, and remaned # at

Dunse in the Merse, quhair he prepared all thingis necessar # for the war; and eftir the returning of the harrald frome Ingland, he # caused the Lord Hwm wardane of the eist merchis maik the first raid # within Ingland, quhair he brint divers townis, spulyeit and tuik awaye gret # praye of guidis, in the beginning of the monethe of Julij; and fre # that furth, the said erle accumpaneit with the Scottis men and Frenche men # maid sindre incursionis within Ingland, burning and spulyeing the # cuntrey, but any gret resistance, saiffing onlie sum litell scarmishis # that the souldioris of Berwick wald sum tyme make for the fassione. And in the meintyme, the Quene caused quarters to be keipt on the # bordouris, for assistance to the Erle of Huntlie livetennent, quhill the # conventione of the gret army in October nixt. Quhill thay war thus bisse occupiet apoun the bordouris, # the Quene Regent caused assemble ane gret army furth of all the pairtis # of the realme; quha convenit at Kelso in the moneth of October, # quhair sho maid ernist persuatione to the nobilitie to pas within # Ingland, and invaid the samin with fyre and sword. Bot thay taiking to be adwysed thair upoun, past our the Watter of Tueid to Maxwellheuch to # make thair generall mustoris, and eftir advisment to gyf ansuer # unto the Quene. Bot eftir lang and guid deliberance, the Duik of # Chattillero, quha was appointed livetennent generall of the army, # accumpaneit with the Erles of Huntly, Argyle, Cassillis, and sindre utheris # nobill men, come to the Quene and delated unto hir, that thai thocht it # sufficient aneuch to thame to haif moved weir aganis Ingland, and to # haif maid so great invasions as thay had done alredy, be the Erle of # Huntlie livetennent of the bordours, all the iij monethes preciding; and gif it # war hir pleasour, thai wald remane with thair haill sortis apoun # the bordouris so lang as the army mycht be sustened together, abyding gif # the Inglismen walde mak any invasione; bot thai culd not think it for the # weill of thair realme to pas within Ingland with thair hoill army at # that present,

to hassard batle furth of thair cuntrey, thair princes being # absente and of les aige; thairfoir desyred hir most humelie to take the # samyn in guid pairt. Bot yit the Quene beinge impacient of thair # ansuer, wald not desyre thame to remaine any longer apoun the bordouris, # les nor thay wald enter within Ingland. And thairfoir, in a gret coler # and anger gaif thame licence all to depairt, leiffing only the # Frenche men in Haymouth, with certane cumpaneis of horsmen and fuit men; # and fre that daie furth, the Quene Regent could nevir aggre with # the nobilitie; and on the uther pairt, sindre of thame soucht be all meanes # for to raise sum seditione within the cuntrey aganis hir and the # Frenche; and to that effecte thair was mony conventions keipt in dyvers # nuikis of the realme all the nixt yeir following. And amangis all # politique devyses, ingenious and craftie inventionis, none was thocht so # guid to serve thair turne, and gif so guid a cullour to thair # interprice, as the cullour of reformatione of the religion; thinking that thairby # the hoill nobilitie mycht be brocht to one aggrement, and onder that # pretence to take armour and go to the feildis; and being onis entered, # and showing thair faces aganis the authoritie, thay mycht be the moir # easelie persuadit to concur to the expelling of the Frenche men furth of the # realme. And to that effect, thay send in divers partis of Almany, for # sindre ministers and precheouris to cum in Scotland; as thay did in # the nixt yeir followinge. During the tyme of thir troblis in Scotland, thair was # verrey gret warris betuix the King of France and King Phillip of Spane, # apoun the fronters of France, and mony nobill men war taikin also be ane # gret assault and force of King Phillips army shortlie thaireftir; # quhilk moved the King of France to haist the mariage of the Quene of # Scotlande with the Dolphin his sone, soner nor his purpose was befoir; # fearing that by this and sic lyke ourthrowes and accedentis, the estatis of # Scotlande shuld be fundin the moir unwilling to accomplishe the mariage; # and

thairfoir the King send to the Quene Regent in Scotland, # message desyring hir to assemble ane parliament, and thairintill be the adwyse of the estaitis, to appoint certan commissioners to pas in # France for accomplishment of the mariage, and to aggre to sic lyk # conditionis as war necessar to be treated, for the perpetuall aggrement of # boith the realmes. Swa the Quene Regent being most willing to satisfie the # Kingis desyre, caused convene ane parliament of the hoill estatis in # Edinburgh, in the monethe of December nixt, quhair was elected and # chosin, be universall consent of the thre estatis, certane nobill, # wyse and discreit men, James Betoun archebishop of Glasgw, Robert Reid bishop of Orknay, president of the college of justice, James Stewart # priour of Sanct Androis, for the clargy; George Leslie Erle of Rothes, # Gilbert Kennedy Erle of Cassillis, George Settoun Lord Setoun, James # Fleming Lord Fleming, for the nobilitie; and John Erskin laird of Dun, provest of Montrois for the burgessis; ambassadouris and # commissioners to pas in the realme of France as representinge the estatis, # and thairto contract the mariage of the most excellent princes Marie Quene # of Scotlande, our Soverane, with Frances, Dolphine, and eldest # sone and apperande air to Henry King of France, and to end and # solemnizat the samyn; quhairupoun thair was sufficient commissionis and # instructionis maid to thame be the hoill estatis of the parliament, and thay acceipt the samyn apoun thame; and eftir dew preparatione maid # for thair viage, thay embarqued in the moneth of Februar in the # raid of Leyth, and saled throw the seyis with gret stormes and # tempestious windis, till thay landit in France. Bot be the way, thay losed in that # jornay ane of thair shippes ladynit with horses, and all the nobill # mennis cofferis and utheris riches being thairintill, befoir Sanct Ebbis heid # in the mouth of the firth of Scotlande, and ane uther ship with gret riches # and mony gentill men, with the capitane thairof, callit Wattertoun, was losed # lykwyse

in the raid of Bullongye, eftir that the Erle of Rothes and # bischope of Orknay, with a few number, was put on land furth of the # same; and all the rest of the commissioners was also landit furth of # thair uther shippes at the same tyme; and fre that thay war honourable # convoyit to Pareis, quhair thay war with gret honour and fawour # receaved be the King of France and his nobilitie in the monethe of Merche. # And shortlie thaireftir the contracte of mariage was maid, and # thair was landis assignit for hir dowarie in France, pairtlie the # cuntrey of Pouictiers and Towris, and ane uther pairt in Champaine and Picardie, # extending in yearlie rent to thrie scoir ten thousande franckis, and # with threttie thousande franckis of yeirlie pencione during hir # life tyme, besydis with mony jowellis gevin to hir be the King; the auld lig and band confermed, and was be publict act aggreit, that everie # one of the nationis suld be fre naturalized in boith the realmes; that it # suld be lesum to thame to joyse and bruik all kindis of offices, # heretages, beneficis, and siclike alswell a Frenche man in Scotland as a Scottis man # in France, as thay had been naturallie borne, and mony siclike # priviliges concludit and past. About this tyme in the moneth of Januar, the duik of Gwyse, # accumpaneid with Monsieur Daumell his brodir, Marchall Strossy, Monsieur de Thermes and syndre utheris vailyeant capitanis, merched # with a gret army towarde Caleis, being than in the Inglismennis # possessione, and laide suddantlie the gret artailyerie to the toun, and # dang the same with ordinance; and so gret assaultis was gevin thairto, that # the capitanis war constraned to rander the toun to the Duike, apoun sic # condicionis as he pleased to aggre unto, upoun the viij daye of Januar # 1557; and shortlie thaireftir, all the hoill countrey with the toun # of Guynes, quhilk was rased, and the castell of Hames, quhilk had bene in # the possessione of the Inglismen moir nor two hundrethe yeir # befoir, was now holliely randerit and reduced to the King of France # obedience,

with no les honour to the duik of Guise forthis vailyeant # interprice so happelie accheved, nor commoditie to the hoill realme of # France. And whosone the advertisment was brocht to Scotland thairof, the # Quene regent causit mak publick fyris of joy in the principall # townis of the realme, for the confortable newis of the same. At the same tyme, Charles the fyft Empriour, being aged and # subject to seiknes, and thairfoire retired to Spane to pas the rest of # his dayis in quyet and solitarie lyf, send ambassadors to the electouris of # the impyre, with sufficient commissionis and mandatis to renunce all his # authoritie and office of the impyre, in favours of Ferdinande his broder, # King of the Romanis; quha was admitted thairto and crownit Empriour be # universall consent of the electors, the xvij day of Merche. Not long # eftir, the said Charles, quha was all his daies a vailyeant and # victorious prince, deceissed in Spane in the nixt yeir 1559. [^THE HISTORIE AND CRONICLES OF SCOTLAND. FROM THE SLAUCHTER OF KING JAMES THE FIRST TO THE ANE THOUSANDE FYVE HUNDREITH THRIE SCOIR FYFTEIN ZEIR. WRITTEN AND COLLECTED BY ROBERT LINDESAY OF PITSCOTTIE. ED. AE. J. G. MACKAY. VOL. II. SCOTTISH TEXT SOCIETY, FIRST SERIES, 43. EDINBURGH AND LONDON 1899. SAMPLE 1: PP. 112.11-131.9 SAMPLE 2: PP. 134.4-150.9^]

[}THE XX CHAPTER .}] Guid pace in Scotland the space of thrie zeiris; iustice # airis haulding be the gowernour. Hou the quein moder passit to France. The protectour of Ingland heiddit be the Erle of Warwick. King Edwart poysonit and deid. The quein of Scotlandis returning out of France come to Ingland and how scho come in Scotland and resauit the authoritie frae the Duik. The Erle of Warwick heiddit in Ingland. Hou quein Marie resauit the croune. The Erle of Huntlie and the Erle of Cathness was impresonit. At this tyme the allmightie god mowit the quene nocht to stand witht thair proceidings and thinkand that thair tyme was schort thairfor scho prevenitt the same and passit haistalie to France, and tuik certane of the nobillis of Scottland witht hir and thair procurit at the king of France and hir dochteris hand that scho might have the governance in the realme of Scotland thair to be as regent thairof because scho saw the

realme nocht weill gydit at that tyme, ffor scho saw nothing bot awarice and gredienes in the place of Iustice, nor nothing sought ffor weillfair of the realme nor for the profeit of hir dochter that was to succeid thairto. The king of France and consall heirand this grantit immedeatlie to hir desyre, that is to say [{to{] be regent of Scotland and he to tak on him to satisfie the governour ffor his goode will and tyttill thairof and that he did schortlie as ze sall heir efter; ffor the quhilk cause he maid the governour Duike of Chattellaroy witht wther grit giftis of gould and silluer and satisfieit him, that he was content to renunce ower the office into the quene that scho might be regent induring his will and hir douchteris. To that effect he send ane ambassadour in Scottland quho was callit Monsieur Doyswall to remane witht the quene and to gif hir consall how scho sould rule and gyde the realme to the king of Franceis plesour and hir dochteris profeit and to the commone weill of the contrie. Ffor this ambassadour was ane man of singular goode iudgement and ane weill experiementit in weiris and weill estemmitt in France for the samin, and quhene he come in Scottland he presentit the king of France awin body at all consall and convensieouns decreittit in Scotland or was decreitit be quene and consall be his awyse was performitt and admittit in France and in Scottland that man in Scottland did

nathing but his adwyse and consall. Nocht lang efter the quene come hame in Scottland thair was ane parlieament proclammitt to be haldin at Edinburgh in the monetht of [{Julij{] in the zeir of god i=m= v=c= [{liii{] zeiris, quhair the haill nobilietie of Scottland baitht sperituall and temporall compeirit that day at the day appoyntit, thair to minister Iustice conforme to the common order of thair predecessouris, but in this meane tyme the quene gif sic giftis of gould and silluer amang the lordis that scho drew the maist part of thame to hir effect that they war content that the governour was depossit of his office and that scho war placeit in the same and that because of the gredienes and cowitousnes of him and his brother in tyme bypast. Thairfor money of the lordis of Scottland baitht sperietuall and temporall consentit gladlie herinto and spetiall the governouris awin fameliear freindis quhom he had done maist for befor, and spetiall be allurement of the quene consentit swne thairto and so the parlieament proceidit wpoun the day appoyntit fordwart as ze sall heir. The governour and his lordis and heraldis raid wpe the gait frome the abbay to the tolbutht witht septer suord and croune borne befor him in order be his lordis as was the wse to be done befor the governouris and maiestratis at sic tymes. Bot the quene and Monsieur Dosuell the king of France ambassadour they come wpe the gait efterwart be thair selffis and raid in lyke maner to the tolbutht and remanitt thair ane certane quhill, quhill the order was proceidit, that is to say the parlieament and court fenceit, the governour dischargit, and the quene ressauwit, and the croun sett wpoun hir heid and suord deliuerit into hir, quho raid doune the gait treumphantlie and the same scepter suord and croune borne befoir hir witht

the lordis of Scottland they buire wpe the gaitt befoir the governour, in lyke maner they buire it doun the gaitt befor hir in signe and takin that scho had ressawit the autorietie and sould rigne ower the pepill of this realme as regent and governour thairof; thocht I can nocht tell at this present nothing bot godis ire and wraith to fall wpoun that realme that wantis ane goode man and wittie to governe it and syne gif woman the gowerment off the same as ze will knaw heirefter. Bot as to the governour he come doune the gait him allane desolat of septer suord or croun or ony autorietie in Scottland at that tyme, bot was contentit to ryde in amang the laif of the lordis and his nichtbouris to beir him companie. Than the prophiesie was fullfillit quhilk was spoken into him in the tyme of the burning of Mr George Wischart, be ane of his awin freindis sayand in this maner, 'gif ze suffer the servanttis of god this wyse to be handlit and put to deid for christis ewangell the quhilk ze have professit zour self, and now thoillis the preicharis thairof to be murdreist in this maner wnder zour handis I have no doubt, gif ze remeid it nocht hastalie, that this gowerment and autorietie that god has put zow into salbe ruttit frome zow schamfullie quhene ze leist weine.' Thir ar the wordis that war spokin to him affoir the deid of Mr George Wischart be ane trew protestane and freind of his awin, quhilk that day come to pase quhene his autorietie was schamfullie reft fra him and gevin to ane woman. Then this proceidit fordwart. Then quen went to the

Abbay witht great mirrienes and bankating to hir lordis witht great giftis and propynes wnto thame quho war in hir oppinioun and swne efter scho changit all offiecearis that is to say, the thesawrar controllar secretar and maister houshold, to wit, scho maid ane Mr Rwbie controllar, quho withtin schort tyme wssit sic scharpnes that few was content witht him. [^HERE BEGINS A PASSAGE FROM MS I^] At this meantyme the # secund day of Januar in the zeir of god I=m= v=c= lij zeiris the duik of summersyd and protectour of Ingland was beheiddit at the tour of Londoun. Schort quhyll eftir in the zeir of god I=m= v=c= liij zeiris king Edwart was poysonit in the tour of londone and dieit thairefter and on the tent day of Junij the duik of Northumberland with his adherentis did proclame lady Jeane dochter to the duik of Suthwoik and wyff to Golfreid Dudlie the quein quhilk duik incontinent maid ane gret airmie aganes lady Marie richt heretour to the crowne of the realme of Ingland bot his attempt was nocht just for als muche as it was nocht of god it cuild cum to na guid succes for quhan he thocht himsellff most strang ane pairtie aganes quein Marie the maist pairt of the nobillitie ze with all the common peopill fled frome him so at Eamriche he with his sones and his wyff war left thair alone and war arreisted be the mair of londoun and had to the tour and was heistie heiddit and foirfaltit with all his complices In the zeir of god I=m= v=c= liij zeiris. So this stryff in Ingland amangis thame sellffis gart the realme of Scotland

sit in guid pace and rest for ane lang tyme. In this zeir the erle of huntlie was impresonit in Edinburgh and the erle of Cathnes in Edinburgh bot the erle of huntlie was sett at libertie the nixt zeir. Bot # nochtwithstanding he payit sex thousand pound to the quein. In this zeir the quein held ane parliament and desyred ane taxatioun viz. that evirie mark land sould pay four markis. [}THE XXI CHAPTER .}] Hou thair was ane schip of Muscowiae that brak at Abirdein. # Hou the schip was spuilzeit be the inhabitantis and indwellaris of # the cuntrie. Hou the lord of the schip past and pleinzeit to the quein. The forth of haymouth biggit. Weir proclamit betuix ingland and scotland. How the quein of ingland send ane airmie in Orknay and war defeitt. In the zeir of god I=m= v=c= lvj zeiris thair landit ane # schip of Muscowe at Aberdein quhilk schip was richlie leidnit with all kynd of coistlie wairis. So our northland lordis and lairdis seand this schip cum in into Aberdeine thay zeid and tuik all thair geir frome thame and left thame nothing nor wald pay thame for the samyn to the maister of the schip. So the maister of the schip seand this passit to the quein thinkand to haue gottin ane remedie at hir and so thay pleinzeit to hir and I beleive they gat bot ane littill answer to effectt. And than thay past to Ingland quhilk causit thame to speik meikill euill of Scotland thair. At this mean tyme the king of france send letteris to Scotland to mowe weir aganis ingland Bot zit the quein and Monseur Doiswell with sum of her privie counsall thocht it nocht guid to mak weir quhill thay had maid strenthis on the bordour quhair thay micht lay thair arteilzerie and men to be in raddynes quhatevir hapnit. Be this Monseur Doiswell and

Monseur decapis dewysed ane strang fort at haymouth and biggit the samyn verie starklie and garnisit it with men victwallis and arteilzerie and maid it that it micht ludge twa thowsand men of weir and pat in it sex cannonis with sax vthir schot of gret arteilzerie and twentie schot of small arteilzerie, Twa hundreith of lang culwerins, twa thowsand pickis with poulder and bullattis and all thingis that affeired for ane airmie and layd ane thowsand men thair in garisoune and Monsewr Doiswell himsellff captane thairof. At this tyme the inglismen knawand this war no wayis content thairwith and maid gret prowisioun on thair bordouris and raid thick thairin bot the quein incontinent heiring of the Inglismenis conversiounis proclamit weir betwix Ingland and Scotland for pleasour of the king of france In the mean tyme the quein of ingland send ane gret navie of schippis to scotland quha landit in orknay and thocht to haue done sum wassallage thair. Bot in the mean tyme of thair landing thair come sic ane storme of wind downe at anes vpone thame that it stoppit thame to get thair arteilzeries landit. Thairfoir the inhabitaris of the cuntrie seand that adwantage maid frack ill to thame and sett vpone thame stoutlie and dang thame to thair schippis bot the wind blew swa thay culd nocht get schippis and so war dung into the sea and evirie man slaine and drownit that come aland of their schippis, sum of thame eschaipit that landit nocht to gang hame to bear tydingis of the leave bot the orknay men gat gret spuilzie of the Inglishmen at that tyme bayth of siluir and gould wictuallis and arteilzerie waponis and harnas with mony presonaris quhilk payit thame gret sowmes of money in ransoune that mony inhabitaris of orknay war the better sensyne.

[}THE XXII CHAPTER .}] Ane airmie gadderit be the quein and monseur doiswell to pas in Ingland. Hou the lordis wald nocht consent thairto. letteris send by the king of france to the quein and lordis of scotland. The tennour of the letteris hou the lordis convenit. The lordis choisin to pas to france to the queins mariaige Ane commissioun gewin to thame. The quenis mariaige with the dolphin of france. The desyre of the counsall of france. The lordis answeris thairinto how the lordis war poysonit in france. In the zeir of god I=m= v=c= fyiftie sewin zeiris thair was # ane proclamatioun maid be the quein and monseur doiswell To vit that all the lordis lairdis barronis friehaulderis and substentious gentilmen ze and all maner of man betuix saxtie and sexteine bayth spiritwall and temporall to mak thame sellffis reddie at ane certane day to meit the quein at Edinburgh with fourtie dayes wictwallis and to pas with hir quhair scho pleisit in defence of the realme. The day appoincted come the airmie at Edinburgh and raid fordward to the hill of ancrame and thair remanit the space of thrie dayes and gave thair musturis and syne thairefter passit to maxwell heuche and thair held ane counsall that is to say The quein desyred the lordis and the airmye to pas in Ingland and to seage wark. And to that effectt Munseur doiswell brocht the frenchmen and the arteilzerie out of haymouth To wit four gret cannonis and four gros culweringis four battartis with poulder and bullattis and all vthir necessaris for seageing of houss or of castellis and brocht thame ovir the watter of tweid at hempfeildis furd bot the lordis of scotland layd thair heiddis togidder and consultit that thay wald nocht pas in Ingland at that tyme to invaid it with na sharmes without they knew ane

gret caus quhy. At thir answeris the quein was wery discontentit and sa was monseur doiswell bot the lordis fra tyme thay hard Monseur Doiswell speik commandit him vnder the paine of tressoune to have hame his arteilzerie agane ovir the watter of Tweid the gait that it come for thay wald nocht pas in Ingland at that tyme to seage na castellis nor townis for his plesour nor the quenis at that tyme quhill thay war forder adwysed so this airmie skailled and passit no forder at that tyme. Bot the quein went hame very dolorus and commoweit at the lordis that wald do na thing for hir saik to Ingland at that tyme and Monseur Doiswell tuik it very hich in hairt at that tyme he beand the king of france ambassadour thinkand that thay sould haue done sum of his counsall and command for the king of france saik bot the scoittis lordis war sic ane nomber vpone the feildis at that tyme that thay cuired nather quein nor king for oft tymes the scoittismen growis nevir misnorturit nor dissobedient to thair governouris or magistrattis quhilk thay be vpone the feildis and knawis thair awin power as ze may reid afoir in this buik. Bot quein regent beand ane vyse and naturall woman consawand the myndis and natur of scoittismen thairfoir consultit with Monseur Doiswell that scho culd not put at the lordis of scotland as scho wald do quhill hir dochter war maryit with the dolphin of france. And to that effectt scho conclwdit and Monseur Doiswell to send priwie wreittingis vnto france schawand the king of france how that scho was obeyit in Scotland and his ambassadour schawand the king that scho culd mak na puneisment thairof quhill hir dochter war maried desyrand him to haist the mariaige als schone as he cuild declairand to him that hir dochter was auld anewche. The king of france heirand thir nowellis he adwysed with his counsall heirvpone and incontinent send letteris

in scotland to the quein and counsall quhairof desyrand certane of the wysest lordis quhome thay thocht maist expedient to cum to the quenis mairiaige with commissioun to fulfill all things conteined in thair contractt Of this quein regent and the lordis set ane parliament at Edinburghe the [\The date is blank.\] and thair be adwyce of the thrie estaitis chuisit sex lordis to pas in france to the quenis mariaige viz. Twa erlis Twa lordis and twa bischopis The erlis was Gilbert erle of cassellis George erle of rothus the lord flemyng the lord seattoun the bischop of glascow the bischop of orknay thir sax lordis to pas to france with commissioun foirsaid to end the quenis mariaige with the dolphin of france lyk as it was commowit and forder to the king of france pleasour. This beand done thir lordis tuk the sea and inbarcat at Kirkcaldie in the moneth of [\The month is blank.\] In the zeir of God I=m= v=c= # fyiftie sevin zeris To wit the erle of rothus and the bischop of orknay passit in ane schip with serwandis and mony vther gentilmen and barronis passit with thame in ane gret schip of leith and thair hors in ane vther bark besyd thame and the leave of the lordis scheippit in leith with vthir schipis and sailled all east the firth togidder bot or thay came by Sancttobbis heid the storme begoud to ryse and blew so strang that it drownit my lord of rothus schip quhair his hors was befoir his ein. Than the skipper of the schip spak vnto my lord and said 'god send ws better handsell and mair forder in our wayage for zon is verie evill at this tyme and dolorus to me for zonder is my eldest sone drownit afoir my ein quhairfoir I set nocht by now quhat becum of me.' The lordis heiring the skipper at this poynt set thair intentis to gif him comfort and baid him be blyth and thank god for all wald wirk for the best and this

thay sailled on all that nycht with gret stormes of wind quhill on the morne at nyne houris that thay come fernent the coist of Italie. Than the storme come so wehementlie out of the heavins with thunder and fyrflaucht and all vther tempestis that culd blaw that maid all the marineris and lordis sa agast that thay knew not quhat way to turne thame for my lord rothus schip was gret and drawe nar the foirlandis. Than ane skipper of leith callit Williame Gibsone past out of his awin schipp in ane floitt bott to cum to my lord rothus schip to help him bot the tempest and storme blew so gret that he micht nather win my lord rothus schip nor zit his awin bot Immeidiatlie drownit thair afoir all thair eies. Than my lord rothus wist na way how to eschaip bot gave all ane evintur and lap in the floitt bot he and the bischop with vthir twa or thrie barronis and gentilmen with him sa mony as the bot wald hauld on drowning thame sellffis and wrocht aland be the grace of god and was sawit swa. Bot nathing thay culd get saiff bot thair wreittingis and thair sellffis quha landit vpone the sandis a-eistell Callice and thair stuide ane quhyll and saw thair schip perrische befoir thair eine with mony gentillmen landit and onlandit and mony jowallis siluir and cleithin bayth of my lord of rothus and my lord of orknay with vther certane barronis that was with thame beleiwe weill thay war vonder sorie and at ane gret stres and eschaiped with thair lywes narrowlie betuix the bow and the string. Bot the leave of the rest of the schippis raid sturdelie in the reid of Callice quhill the storme was past and syne passit to the new hewin besyd deip quhair thair thay landit. Than my lord of rothus and my lord of orknay and thay that

war with thame gat hors to the new heavin and met thame that war thair nichtbouris quha wer very glaid of thair cuming and that thay had eschaipit for thay beleiwit that thay had beine all perrisched and drownit. And quhan thay war refreschit thair twa or thrie dayes thay tuik thair journay to parreis quhair thay war honourabillie resauit of king and court and also of the cardinall and war weill intertenit be thame bot quhan thay schew the king quhat danger and perrell thay war in In thair cuming to his grace he merwellit meikill and thankit god that thay war saiffit and was very wo for the gentilmen and marineris that war tint and sa incontinent gart send and mak proclamatiounis and prowisioun for the mariaige quhilk was solempnouslie ordourit and endit at notrodames kirk in parreis in the moneth of [{April{] . In the zeir of god I=m= v=c= [{lviij{] zeiris and thair war convenit in the said kirk at the hour of ten The king of france and the quein of france The king of neverone, the prince of condie the cardinall of loren, The duik of gwise. Than was brocht in the Dolphin of france the duik of Orleance and with him in cumpanie all the young lordis of france with the king of francis traine and gaird about him. Than was brocht in the quein of Scotland with all the young lustie ladyis of france and the scoittis lordis and the scoittis companie with hir. Than war all the bischopis and kirkmen and vniwersitie and clergie of france in ordour evirie estait as affeired. Than the bischop of parreis maid him to the mes and to vse the office of the mariaige. Than was brocht to our bischoppis keippis of gold and mytouris of gould set with pretious stones and areyit than in thair pontificall ordour and estait. Than was brocht to our lordis and erlis the garmondis of the claithis [{of{] the ordour of the cockill quha war

maid knichtis thairof instantlie afoir the ordour of the mariaige and that be the king of france and gret rewardis givin vnto thame and propynes be the king of france conforme to the ordour of the cockill. Than thaireftir the mariaige was solempniouslie maid betuix the dolphin of france and the duik of orleanes and Marie quein of Scotland and syne heireftir the proclamatioun with the herauldis of airmes zeid in ordour befoir the king and thair coit airmes as perteined to thair office makkand the proclematioun and cryand on this maner Charllis Dolphin of france and duik of Orleance and king of scotland and alswa Marie be the grace of god quein of scoittis dolphines of france and duches of Orleance. Quhan thir proclematiounis war endit and messis done than the trumpattis and schalmes blew and so did the arteilzerie schuit and bellis rang and all soundis of Instrumentis played that na man mycht for the eirdine heir ane vthir for bellis gunis and trumpatis. Than the king went to his palace and the king of Neverowne [{and{] the duik of guise leiddand our scottis quein hame to hir palace with hir tryne of ladyes and hir scoittis lordis with hir and eftir the dolphin of france was convoyit be the cardinall and all the zoung gentilmen and lordis of france with him and come to the kingis pallace to the gret hall quhair the bancat was prepaired and thair was set the king of france at the middis of the buird and his quein; on his richt hand the quein of scotland and on his left hand the dolphin and that day the erle of cassellis of Scotland was carver to the quein of scotland quha was bryd and the Erle of rothus was capper and the rest of the scoittis lordis stuid behauldin quhill the ordour and tryumphe of bancat was nar endit. And than thair

was ane fair burd prepaired for thame quhair thay dynnit with gret cheir and all delicattis provydit for thame that mycht be had or gottin be thame in france Than was thair gret singing playing dansing and pheirsis quhilk continwed on quhill even quhill supper tyme Than quhan supper tyme was done and all ceremonies war vsit perteining to the mariaige so the bryd and bryd grome war put to thair beddis. Than the menstrallis of musick played and the ladyes dansit quhill it was neir midd nycht so eviry man bownit to his bed quhill on the morrow. So this trywmphe and bancatting lestit and continwit the space of xx dayis with gret justing and turnament running at the rigne and aircherie and all knychtlie game convenient for the tyme. So the xx dayis being past and all the bancatt done the king of france and his lordis went to the counsall and alswa the scoittis lordis that war thair for the tyme to wit lord James the quenis broder the erle of cassellis the erle of rothus the lord flemyng the lord seattoun the bischope of glascow the bischope of orknay all thir lordis war callit to the counsall and plaicit and set conforme to thair estait. Than the chancellar of france begoud and desyred at the scoittis lordis the principall crowne of Scotland that thay micht crowne the dolphin and mak him king of Scotland. To this answerit the Erle of Cassellis and schew thay had nocht that commissioun at that tyme. Than the chancellar desyred thame to promeis the samyn. Bot the bischop of orknay answerit we will promeis na thing forder nor our commissioun beiris. Than the chancellar answerit agane and said 'we desyre na thing mair heir nor zour guid will and woit and zour handwrettis heirvnto.' Than answerit my lord rothus rewerentlie and said 'My lord chancellar of france with leive of zour wisdomes that is heir present I man speik for my

native cuntrie and honour thairof as it becummeth me to do quhen tyme requyres' and than the chancellar bad him speik quhat he pleisit. Than the erle of rothes begoud in this maner as eftir followis sayand, 'my lordis it is nocht onknawin to zow the poinctis of our commissioun quhilk was maid to ws be the counsall and nobilitie of scotland and that we have na power forder nor it bearis and givis vnto ws and quhair zour lordschip and the counsall heir desyres ws to gif or to promeis the crowne of scotland to the dolphin of france zour lordschip sall vnderstand we have na power thairof and thocht we had we wald be adwysed or we promeisit or gave sic thingis for zour lordschip sall vnderstand our crowne of Scotland is ane Imperiall crowne and was nevir conquest nor subiectt to na realme christnit nor hauldis of na king bot god and the lyone thairfoir we can not pairt with our principall crowne in that maner bot quhan evir god sendis the dolphin airis of his bodie gottin vpone our quein as maill childering to be zour king and cum in Scotland he sall resawe the crowne with all honouris and digniteis perteining thairvnto and vthirwayes for my awin pairt I will nocht consent forder at this tyme.' The rest of the Scoittis lordis heiring this thay held the same opinioun. Be this the erle of rothus had endit his talking to counsall of france was nocht content heirwith and incontinent derectit letteris in Scotland to the quein thairof and the counsall desyring the same of the quein and counsall as thay desyred of the lordis as I schew to zow and in the meantyme the lordis war hauldin still in france that thay sould stop no thing of the king of france and counsallis desyres gif thay had come to Scotland at that time. And sum sayes eftirward quhan thay sould haue depairtit hame to Scotland thay war callit to ane bancatt quhairin thay gat ane Italiane

posset as weill appeired eftirward for thair was nocht ane thair that eitit meikill meat eftir that bancatt that did thame guid nor nevir ane of thame come hame to Scotland bot dieit thair except lord James the quenis broder quha was hangit be the heillis be the metsouneris to caus the poysone to drop out and evir stuid still vnder medicine all the dayes of his lyff bot the erle of Cassellis depairtit thair, the bischop of Orknay the erle of rothus the lord flemyng and the laird of easter Wemys. Sum sayes that all thir war poysonit thair becaus thay war wys men and contrair the will and appetyd and desyre of the counsall of france at that tyme. Thairfoir thay thocht nocht thay sould pas in Scotland againe to stand in that contrair. The xxiij day of september in the zeir of god I=m= v=c= lviij zeiris letteris was send be the king and # counsall of france to the quein and counsall of Scotland the tennour heirof as eftir followis. [}THE XXIIII CHAPTER .}] Ane parliament haldin in Edinburge. Hou waltir mill was # brunt. Hou paull mephin come in Scotland and prechit in dundie. The quarter reidis of the bordour thuirsdayis chess. Thir letteris foirsaid producit the tennour heirof desyred the Imperiall crowne of Scotland togidder with the septure sword and rob royall and all that perteined to the corronatioun of the king of Scotland that the dolphin of france micht be crownit thairwith and maid king of Scotland. Fforder that the seallis of scotland sould be brokin and new seallis maid to the effectt that the airmes of france and scotland may be joyned togidder in ane ordour and that all bandis and letteris and all

cunzie of money struckkin within the realme may be prentit thairwith. Fforder that it sould be liesome that frenchmen may by land with thair money and bruik the samyn in scotland and sall have fredome to mak salt vpone the coistis quhair thay pleisit. To this the quein and counsall consulted and set ane parliament at Edinburgh the xxiij day of November and thair was grantit be the quein and the lordis and the thrie estaitis quhairin was grantit the poinctis and tennour of the lettres and desyres of the king of france and his counsall be our lordis quhilk heistelie and rashlie lyk febill fuillis and vnworthie corrupted beistis aluired and flatterit and corruptit be the quein and the king of frances money nocht knawand the common weill of thair cuntrie nor what inconvenient was to cum heireftir of thair conclwsioun bot heistelie granted to all the desyres foirsaid of the king of franceis letteris. All the lordis allennerlie eccept the duik maid his protestatioun contrarie and wald nocht consent thairto and inlykwayes Atholl quha was absent at that tyme and glencairne maid ane protestatioun in the name of the haill barronis of Scotland that thai wald nocht consent thairto nor that the crowne of Scotland sould pas out of the realme quhill thay saw lauchfull successioun that is to say airsmaill gottin of the quenis bodie and thay to cum in Scotland and bruik the samyn. This beand done the seallis var intercheingit and the airmes joyned france and scotland as I have schawin to zow bot quhidder the crowne or nocht passit at that tyme I can nocht tell. [^HERE ENDS THE PASSAGE # FROM MS I^] In the zeir of god I=m= v=c= lviij zeiris in the moneth of December the thrid day thairof ane parlieament haldin at Dumblaine be the quene and the lordis and the thrie

estaitis of Scotland quhairin was desyrit be the ambassadour of France in the presentis of the lordis of parlieament and the thrie estaittis of the realme the Inperieall croun of Scottland togither witht the septar suorde thairof to pase to France to that effect that the Dollphin might be crounit thairwitht and proclamitt king of Scotland; and also desyrit the seillis of Scottland to be brokin and new seillis maid to that effect to ioyne the armes of France and Scottland togither in, all the said money was strikin heirefter to be of that same printt, and forder ane act to be maid that it sould be lesum to all frinchemen that plessit to come and conqueis landis in Scottland witht thair money and also to mak saill wpoun the costis of Scottland at thair plesour, taxatiounis to be taine wpe be the Dollphin of Franceis name and the quen of Scottland. Thir desyris and wther ma was proponit and desyrit in the said parlieament be Monsieur Dosie the ambassadour conforme to the tenour of the lettres send be the king of France and his consall. Be this the quene and consall of Scottland and the thrie estaittis consultit and concludit to the same, as febill corruptit beistis, allurit and flatterit be the quene, nocht knawand the commonweill of thair contrie nor quhat inconwenient was to come heirefter of thair conclusioun; thai granttit the desyris hastalie and raschlie, lyke febill foollis as thay war, and maid ane act contrair the weillfair of Scottland in the maner that efter followis, gewand thame the croune septar and suord sould pase to France that the Dollphin sould be crounitt thairwitht and proclammitt king of Scottland and that the seillis sould be brokin and new maid, and the armes of France ioynitt to Scottland, and it sould be lesum to frinchemen to conqueis landis at thair plesouris into

Scottland witht thair money and to mak saill in the eist of Scottland as they plessit. Bot at this act the Duik was nocht present bot maid his protestatioun contrair the samin, and lykewyse the earle of Atholl and Glencarne and the haill barrouns of Scottland appoyntit the contrar of the same and said the croune septer nor suord sould nocht depart out of Scottland quhill they saw successioun of the quens bodie. Bot the seillis was brokin and maid new againe, as it is knawin, and Monsr Dosie gat the palice of Lythtgow witht wther landis pertening to the king at that tyme; bot the croune was continewit and zeid nocht out of Scottland quhill they saw forder about thame. In the zeir of god I=m= v=c= lviij zeiris, the xx day of Appryle ane poore man callit Wallter Myle was taine in Dysart be Schir Hew Currie, preist to the bischope and Schir George Strawchquen. The said Walter Mylie was warmeand him in ane poore womans house in Dysart and teichand hir the commandis of god to hir and hir bairnes and leirand hir how scho sould instruct hir house to bring wpe hir bairnes in the feir of god. Bot thir fornameit preistis as I have schawin to zow, heiring of this poore man came and tuik him, and had him to Sanctandrois to the bischope thair maister quho incontenent send and conwenit certane bischopis, abbottis and pryouris, to wit, the bischope of Sanctandrois, the bischope of Caitnes, the bischope of Murray, the bischope of Dunkell, the bischope of Dumblane, the Abbott of Cowper, the Abbott of Lindoiris, the abbot of Duinfermling, the Abbott of Kilwining witht the docteris of the colledgis Mr Iohnne Douglas, Mr Iohnne Windrum suppryour of the abbay, witht money wther leirnitt men conwenitt at Sanctandrois

in the Abbay kirk the 25 day of Appryle in the zeir of god forsaid and thair putt wpe ane freir callit Maltman quhilk preichit the wangell and interpretit the sam fer fre the meaning of the spreit of god. But quhene this sillie poore man hard him he fell grovelingis on his face and crayit witht ane loude woyce, 'Allace, zone freir, he leis, my lordis; quho accussit the poore man Walter Myle of heresie.' His accuser was Mr Androw Olephantt quho said to him in this maner following: -

[} (^THE SENTENCE^) }] Then the bischopis and preistis laid thair heidis togither and gaif sentance and condamnitt this poore man to the deith, syne heirefter continewit him tuo dayis or thrie because they could not gett ane iudge criminall to him to execut that office. Then the bischope send for the provest of Sanctandrois quho was stewart of his regalietie at that tyme and desyrit him to execut that man into the deid ffor they had found him guilltie. The provist ansuerit and said, 'that will I nocht, my lord, I will haue nothing to do witht the serwandis of god to trubill thame nor gif iudgement on thame nor to burne thame bot ony wther thing pertening to my office I will wssit and stand witht it to the plesour of god and iustice and that I do at zour command bott wther wayse I will nocht mell witht no innocent man and spetiall the servantis of god that preiches his worde.' Then the bischope ansuerit and said, 'prowist, ze ken ze ar my iudge and stewart of my regalietie, ze aught to iudge all thame that transgres or faultis withtin my boundis.' The provist ansuerit and said, 'that is of truth and weratie, and gif zour lordschip pleissis I will be contentit I sall tak him and gif him ane fair syse of temporall men and perchance to cleng him of all the ditta and the poyntis ze haue put to him.' The bischope ansuerit and said, 'quhy not, witht ane goode will I ame content that ze wse that order wpoun him and mak me quytt of him ony wyse that ze lyke best, ffor I haue no will that he sould die at this time.' But sowme wyse men that war freindis to the provist at that tyme schew that that matter was perralus to cleng him, ffor the bischopis and

the clargie condemnitt him all redy, heir for bad him be advyssit quhat he did, and gif the bischope fair wordis in the meane tyme bot haif not ado witht that man ffor he was innocent. The provist heirand this desyrit at me lordis to contienew the matter quhill on the morne quhill they might be adwyssit thairwpoun and so my lord did. The provest went hame to his ludging quhill on the morne tymose in the morning he departit of the toun. Than worde come to the bischope that the provist was departit of the toune, thane he was werie crabit that he was frustrat in that maner and wist nocht weill quhat to do and sought lang heir and thair bot he could not come to his intent quhill at last thair was in his awin court ane callit Sumervaill ane crapinell of the devill without ether faitht or reliegieoun, nocht haueing the feir of god in him, tuik the office in hand and sett in iudgement and thair accussit this poore man criminallie and condemnitt him to the deid. And thairefter they sought burieoris and sought towis to bind him bot they could not obtein nane in all the toune of Sanctandrois in all the bouthis ane inche of ane tow nether to by nor to be sellit for money because the marchantis knawin the same matter had hid thame all for loue they buire to the servandis of god, so it was lang or they could obteine fyre pullder and towis. Zeit at length they gat all thingis neidfull according to thair desyre and thair they buildit the fyre on the northt syde of the Abbay kirk on the south hand and thair thay brocht the poore innocent Walter Myle out of pressone and presenttit him to the fyre and first spoillzeit him of his wmest claithis and syne stuffit him witht pulder and sett him on the skaffald and syne bad him recant for skorne. Thane he ansuerit thame againe bauldlie and stoutlie

witht ane strang and mightie spreit, 'I marwell of zour wisdomes ze foollis and wode hiepocreitis that heipis fourtht ane condemnatioun wpoun zour awin heidis in melling this witht the servantis of god causles, and cruellie putting thame to the deid innocentlie but ether the law of god or man. As for me it makis not mekill for I ame fourescoir of zeiris by-gaine thairfor be nature I haue nocht lang to leif, bot gif I be brunt at this tyme thair sall ane hunder ryse in the asse of my bones better nor I and sall skatter the proude pak of zow hiepocreitis that perturbis the serwandis of god and quhilk of zow that thinkis zow hieest sall nocht be worthie ane deid as I sall die now; I trust to god to his plesour and that I salbe the hindmest that sall suffer for this cause.' Witht that he exortit the pepill to pray for him and he for thame, and so he recommendit his spreit in the handis of god and his sacriefice ffor his saik; and syne [{they{] pullit the tow and lut him fall in the fyre and so he bruntt. This cruell act and persecutioun of the trew servand of god quhilk was done foir the testamoney of the reliegieoun of Christ as I haue schawin to zow, in the zeir of god I=m= v=c= lviij zeiris. The xx day of Appryle [^HERE BEGINS A PASSAGE FROM MS # I^] about this tyme thair was ane scoittisman callit Paull Mephin quha was borne in the towne of falkland in fyiff quha passit to Ingland to leirne letteris and to preach godis word bot he was banisit out of Ingland be quein marie vtherwayes callit Jesobell becaus scho distroyit the serwandis of god the ministeris that prechit the vord and also thame that war professouris of the religioun to the nomber of fyve or sex thowsand baith gentill and commonis leirned and onleirned and zoung als weill the woman as the man

non eschaiped hir handis bot all war crwelie persecuted and brunt to the death and that be counsall of hir wickit bischopis quha war the paippis souldiouris. This puire man paull mepheine seand this addressit him selff and come in Scotland in the zeir of god I=m= v=c= lviij zeiris and [^HERE ENDS THE PASSAGE FROM MS I^] efter this Paul Meffen # come in Scottland and preichit in Dindie and in sindrie gentillmens places in Angus and also in Fyfe, to witt, in Coupar, in Lundie and at Fasyde and in sindrie wther placeis, and ministrat the sacramentis in Lundie imagis thairof to be cassin doune and abolisched the popis reliegieoun sa far as he passit or preichit for the tyme; for the quhilk cause he and they that resait him and spetiall the men of Dundie war sowmond befor the quene and secreit consall at Edinburgh the xx day of Julii in the zeir forsaid to witt, I=m= v=c= Lviij zeiris bot he was so assistit witht temporall men be solistatioun thairof was contienewit quhill they saw forder in the matter. This same procurit great weir on the bordar betuix Ingland and Scotland and was callit the quarter raidis quhair thair was ane raid ridin in Ingland and mekill slaughter maid in baitht the sydis quhair thair was taine the Maister of Marchall, the lord Gray the Maister of Ghrame witht wther sindrie gentill men and barrouns, and money slaine in Scottland and far mo of Ingland. In the same zeir ane taxatioun was maid to the kirkmen and barrouns of xxiiij m pundis, to wit xvj m pundis to the kirkmen and viij m pundis to the barrouns.

[}THE XXV CHAPTER .}] Hou the bischoppis convenit in edinburghe and hou thay # causit quein moder to sumond paull Mephine and all thame yat resisted him and consentit to his preaching. Hou paull Mephin was put to the horne for [{non{] compeirance. Schir Thomas Jamesoun sumond. Hou the quein of ingland depairted Hou Lord James be advyce of the congregatioun brocht Johne Knockis out of genavoe and Johne Willockis out of ingland Ane battell betwix the laird of graunge and the lord everis Ane conventioun of the bischoppis. [^HERE BEGINS A PASSAGE FROM MS I^] In the aucht of nowember # the haill bischoppis and kirkmen causit quein moder than beand regent for the tyme to summond paull Mephin befoir hir grace at Edinburgh. Bot paull Mephin compeired nocht at that tyme becaus he knew thair wicked myndis aganes him and his favouraris and swa causit him to be put to the horne and siclyke thame that resett him bot zit god of his gret guidnes steired vp the hairtis of the haill towne of Dundie with the maist pairt of the gentilmen of the meirnis and fyffe kyll and cunninghame that favourit goddis word and passit to the quenis grace and desyred him to be relaxit fra the horne bot onnawayes the bischopis wald tholl nor permit hir grace bot gave to hir grace ane gret sowme to hald him still at the horne. The gentilmen with the burgesis persawand thair gret malice passit to evirie schyre within this realme quhair goddis word was preachit and requestit thame that wald defend goddis word and Paull Mephin and put thair handwreittis to ane wreitting and callit than the congregatioun this was the first begining of the congregatioun in this realme. In the samyn zeir ane man callit Schir thomas Jamesoun of cowper in fyffe was summond for preaching aganes the mes in sanctandros bot the maister of lyndsay the laird of craighall the laird of lundy and

Patrick Kynninmond of Calleinge with vtheris sindrie gentilmen of fyffe that favourit goddis word raid with him and brocht him perforce fra Sanctandros [{who{] thair eftir was maid minister of largow. In this same zeir vpone the xvij day of nowember the wicked quein Marie depairted of this lyff to the gret comfort of the protestans of ingland and scotland and Elizabeth was maid quein in hir steid. At this tyme lord James with adwyce of the congregatioun brocht Johne Knox out of genavoe and Johne Willox out of Ingland quha war bayth scoittismen borne and cuning men in the scripture of god and trew preachouris of Chrystis evangell quha war banisit out of scotland befoir for the samyn and judgment led on thame be dauid beattoun cardinall for the tyme quho causit to condamp thame for arracie and burne thair picturis. Nochtwithstanding thay war preseruit be goddis graice and the said cardinall gat his reward for the said banisment and that be the hand of god for punisching of his trew serwandis as ze haue hard befoir I neid nocht to reheirs. [^HERE ENDS THE PASSAGE FROM MS I^] And this zeir I=m= # v=c= lviij zeiris the viij day of November queine Marie of Ingland deit wtherwayis callit Iesobell, quho pat doune the servantis of god, departit out of this present lyfe and Eliezabetht secund douchter to the king of Ingland was proclaimitt queine. In the same zeir Lorde Ewerse brother desyrit to fight witht Williame Kirkcaldie laird of Grange in singular battell on horsebak witht tuo scherp speiris. The said Williame was werie weill content thairof and to meit him at ony place he pleissit, the quhilk day and place was sett and appoyntit quhair they sould meit, to wit, at [\A blank.\] , quhair they met weill accompanit on baitht the sydis, to witt, the lord Ewerse brother accompanitt witht the generall for the tyme witht all the

souddartis and gariesone thairof witht wther gentillmen of Ingland; on the wther syde Williame Kirkcaldie accompanitt witht Monsr Doswell the king of Frances lutennent, witht all the souldeouris and gariesone of Haymoutht witht wther gentillmen of Scottland. Quhene the tuo airmeis war convenitt and consulltit and determenat wnder the paine of treasson that na mane sould come neir thir campieouns be the space of ane flight schot, bot everie ane of thame to haue ane man to beir his speir, and thair sould be tuo trumpattouris and tua lordis be the Inglischemen to sie the matter finischit. And quhene all thing was put to order and thir captans horssit on horsebak and thair speiris in thair handis, then thair trumpatis soundit and the heraldis cryit and the Inglische 'Lutt thame go, god schaw the right,' and so they rane togither werie cruellie and furieouslie on baitht the sydis, bot the laird of Grange ran his marrow the Inglischman out throw the schoulder blaid and of his horse and so he was wondit deidlie and in perall of his lyfe. Quither he dieit or leiffit I can nocht tell bot Grange wan the wictorie that day. In this zeir begane the wproir of reliegieoun ffor all gentillmen and commons war haill inclynnitt to heir the preicharis of godis word trewlie, and to interpreit the wangell of Christ to thair ediefiecatioun. At this the bischopis was werie affrayit and so was all the haill clargie of Scottland. Thairfor they convenit ane provintial [{council{] at Edinburgh the xxviij day of December to be haldin in the blak freiris and thair to gar sowmond all bischopis, abbottis, pryouris, persouns wicaris and all maner of men of thair reliegieoun that had knawledge or lettres to heir and sie and consallit quhat was best to be done aganis the wprore of the protestantis and thair new

reliegieoun and to sie quhat way thay might sett done the samin maist easalie ffor thair particular and commone weill of the popis kirk. To that effect they maid money actis and constitutiouns, to witt, the first [{no man{] sould haif ane benefice bot ane preist; secundlie, that na benefeit sould haue huris nor wse harlotrie nor adullterie ffor the first fault gif he did, he sould pay great sowmes of money, the secund fault he sould lose his benefice. To this contrair appeillit the bischope of Murray quhilk ever was ane hure maister all his dayis and committit huredome and adullterie baitht witht meadins and men wyffis, saying he wald nocht put away his hure noe mor nor the bischope of Sanctandrois wald put his away ffor it was as lesum to him to haue ane hure as hie; and farder he wald preif it lesum to him, to call the popis bowis that is writtin in the degreis, that he might haue ane hure in absence of his wyffe. Ffarder they maid ane act that Schir Dawid Lyndsayis buike sould be condemnid and bruntt and so they performitt the same and bruntt it as ze sall heir efterwart. Bot in this meane tyme thair come ane ambassadour fre the kirk of god that is to say frome the protestanttis nameit Iohnne Erskin of Dun quho desyrit hwmanitie at thair handis. [^HERE BEGINS A PASSAGE FROM MS I^] In this same zeir the # bischopis with the haill schavelling sort had ane counsall in the blak freiris in Edinburghe and thair thai set furth certane artickillis condampning the preaching of paull mephin as heresie and set furth in prent that god was flesche bluid and bones in the consecratioun of the bred in the mes and affirmed purgatorie and the invocatioun of sanctis and that nane

within this realme sould deny the foirsaid artickillis vnder the panes of deid and to be reput as arratykes and aganes the statute of the romane kirk and the dewill thair fader the paip. And also Johnne hammiltoun bischop of sanctandros and lord James commenditour of the pryorie with Maister Johnne Winrome suppryour of Sanctandros with vtheris channonis in cumpanie passit throch fyff to the kirkis thairof and prechit the word of god. Quhan the sermon was done Johnne Hammiltowne bischop of Sanctandros start vp and maid ane exhortatioun to the peopill deir of the heiring That is to say commanded the peopill vnder the pane of cursing to gif ony credence or ear or attendance to the new preaching and doctrin of soutteris tailzeouris skynneris baksteris or ony vther quhatsumevir that had nocht his licence and admissioun thairto or thane my lord James. [}THE XXVI CHAPTER .}] Captouris maid be the bischopis and send to ewirie parroche # kirk Ane ambassadour fra the protestanis send to the bischoppis. Ane sumondis on the ministeris of goddis word Pace concludet betwix france scotland and ingland. Wpon the sext day of februarj the bischopis and kirkmen causit certane captouris to be maid to that intent that quhatsumevir thay war that eat flesche in lentrone or maid nocht thair confessioun to the preistis sould be reput airt and pairt and as partakeris with the congregatioun and thir captouris passit in evirie parroch be the bischoppis myanis. [^HERE ENDS THE PASSAGE FROM MS I^] At this # tyme the kirk of god that is to say the trew protestanis and congregatioun thairof send ane ambassadour to the bischoppis desyrand thame

humanlie that they wald for the lufe they aught to god leif of thair pryd and presumptousnes and great furie and regor and malice that they beir towart the reliegieoun and poore kirk of god and the professouris thairof and be content that they might serue god according to his commandement and conforme to thair conscience and that they wald be content that they may haue the common prayeris in everie paroche kirk in Inglische for ane quhill quhill thai saw farder about thame. To this the bischopis wald in novayis consent bot grew werie proud and high myndit, thinkand that they had the quene and king of France on thair partie in Scottland, they cairit not christ thair maister nor the evangell bot presumptouslie caist thame to thair awin libertie and the popis conditiouns. Bot it become of thame as it become of Luciefer quhene he rang hiest in the hewin in this impyre and did offend aganis the maiestie of god he was most sudenlie deiectit and cassin done to the hell and that be the devyne maiestie and powar of god, and so become of the proud and presumptous bischopis and hiepocreittis and finzeit reliegeous men. Quhene they stude in thair hiest degre and wald nocht grant no libertie to the servandis of god to serue thair maister christ as thai desyrit tham, became suddenlie thair deprevatioun and fall ffor thair was withtin schort tyme thair durst nocht ane mese be said in Scotland in publict placeis, nor ane kirkman

nor ane bischope weir ane nwikit bonnett nor ane freir, monk or channon weir ane cull, nor durst nocht presum to gang to ane pullpit withtout he recantit the popis reliegieoun and become ane trew protestant. Bot we will leif this and returne to our historie. The quene sieand this wprore and heiring the evangell of christ preichit abrode, and the commwnioun callit the lordis supper was ministrat according to christis institutioun. This the bischopis and scho laid thair heidis togither and consultit to sowmond Paull Meffen Iohnne Willox Williame Harlaw Iohnne Douglas againe the tent day of Maij witht wtheris of the serwandis of god to compeir at Edinburgh the said day abone writtin befor the secreit consall bot be means of the laird of Dun and wther gentillmen, the day of compeirance was deferit. At this tyme I=m= v=c= [{lviij{] zeiris peace being concludit betuix Ingland and France quhairin Scotland was comprehendit and it was aggreit and promist that Haymoutht sould be cassin doun. Bot we will returne to our purpose. The quene and the clargie war movit so at the protestantis that they brak thair promissis to thame and keipit never ane worde thairof bot patt the preicharis of godis worde regurouslie to the horne and chargit sindrie barrouns and gentillmen to waird. Bot they dissobeyit and tuik it plainlie wpoun thame, convenitt in Sanct Iohnnstoun money of the gentillmen and commons of Fyfe and sum of Stretherne and sum of Angus, to witt, in Fyfe the Maister of Lyndsay the laird of Lundie zounger and elder, the laird of Cragie hall, the laird of Abeschaw, the lard of Newhall witht money wtheris diuerse gentillmen and commons quho passit haistalie and desperatlie to S. Iohnnstoun rether to ieopard thair lyffis witht thair body in defence of the evangell of christ nor to sie thair broder put to pains and the evangell abolischt.

[}THE XXVII CHAPTER .}] Ane conventioun of the congregatioun in sanct Johnstoune. # The doune castin of the idollis. The preaching of goddis word opinlie. The resaving of Johnne Knox. The Counsall of Johnne Knox to the congregatioun upon the brig of Sanctiohnstoune. The doun castin of the charterhous. Thair to they convennitt at Sanct Iohnnstoun in the zeir of god I=m= v=c= lx zeiris in the monetht of appryle. This conventioun come to Sanct Iohnnstoun and thair preichit the evangell of christ opinlie be Iohnne Knox, and syne quhene they had dynnitt efter none zeid to the kirk againe to the sermon, and efter the sermon was done gaif command to cast doune the idollis of the kirk that is to say the allteris and the imagies and all wther waine idollis quhilk was done hastalie. And thairefter that same night past to the brege of Sanct Iohnnstoun and thair held ane consall and callit on the serwant of god Iohnne Knox and caussit him to make his prayeris and supliecatiounis to allmightie god that he might gif thame ane trew and godlie consall conforme to the glorie of god and his will to sett out and defend his trew kirk and the glorie heirof; and syne it was consultit amangis thame selffis inmediatlie that they sould pase to the chairtourhouse. Bot the pryour thairof knew the same that they war purpossit to the same had brocht certane of his hielandmen out of his landis of Atholl to defend his place gif it war persewit. Bot thir men seing great appeirance thairof and that they war abill

to be put to ane strait in defence of the place, come to the pryour and desyrit of him thair wyffis and thair eldest souns to be putt in thair takis during thair lyfe tymes and he wald do that thai wald fend the place and die in defence of it and fight thair foir, bot the pryour gaif thame nothing bot ane repullssit ansuer. Than they desyrit the pryour to fill the wyne and gif thame thair fillis of the best drink quhilk wald incurage thame bot he wald grant nothing to thame bot saltt sallmond and thin drink quhilk gart thame tyne curage quhene they had maist ado. Then the congregatioun send ane ambassadour to the pryour desyrand him to become the serwant of god and to leif idollatrie and to serue god according to his will and commandement and gif he wald do so they wald wse him genttlie conforme to conscience and marcie. This ambassadour that past to him was the laird of Moncreif quho was werie neir of kin to him quho beleiffit that he sould drese him in all thingis according to godis will and thairis bot never the les this man gat nothing bot ane ewill ansuer baitht proud and wngodlie saying that he wald navayis apply to thair will and plesour till he saw farder about him. This gentillman the laird of Moncreif getting sic ane repulsit ansuer was nowayis content witht him and passit to the congregatioun and prayit to do witht him as they thocht cause ffor he could gett no order of him that was good. This they concludit incontenent and past it all haist to tha chairterhouse and thair tuike the pryour and spullzeit the place and gaif the spullze to the toun and thairefter on the morne caist doune ewerie stoune and stik and maid it equall witht the ground; and thair efter passit to the grayfreiris and blakfreiris and to the freiris of Tillielum and caist thame all done except the freiris of Tillielum quhilk the lord Ruthven saiffit be his moyane bot abolischit the freiris thairof.

[}THE XXVIII CHAPTER .}] The reformeing of cowpar kirk the incuming of certane # frenchmen Hou the quein send about my lord duik. Hou the quein and my lord duik met at Stiruilling and hou thay come with thair haill force to haue fochin with the protestanis at # sanctjohnstoune Hou the Erle of glencairne come with ane gret armie to the support of the protestanis Hou they war appointed. This being done the quene hapnit to be in Stirling ffor the tyme and heiring of this was wondrous wraith, angrie and wowit to god scho sould haue mens and punische that deid cruellie and to that effect send to the Duike and desyrit him to speik with hir and haue his consall thairin to, quho came haistalie to hir witht all his forcess to sie quhat war hir will. Thair scho begane in this maner saying to him, 'my lord I marwell of zow, ze being secund persone of Scottland and nane betuix zow and the autorietie bot my douchter quho hes no successioun as zeit, and I bot ane woman that knawis nocht the natur nor falssietie of men and berneage of Scottland and I beleif they stand no aw of me because I ame bot ane woman and thairfor I marwell of zow that ze will nocht help to correct the men that so abusse the common weill and pollacie of the cuntrie in casting done of abbayis and reliegieous placeis, and destroying the libertie of hallie kirk. I think it sould be zour dewtie and zour brotheris to defend this realme sa far as it lyis in

zour powar, thocht I had nothing ado witht it considdering that ze ar, as I haue schawin to zow, secund persone of the realme.' Be hir fair wayis and subtill wordis scho brocht the Duike to hir purpois that he witht all his forces kin and freindis that he might, come fordwart witht hir to Sanct Iohnnstoun. Bot the first night that they came no neirar nor Auchterardour witht the rest and thair remanitt quhill the artaillze come fourtht of Edinburgh and Stirling quhilk was the space of sex or sewin dayis or it could be gottin in redienes. In this meane tyme worde come to the congregatioun that the quene was command fordwart to Sanct Iohnnstun to distroy the toun and the inhabetantis thairof quhilk was werie displessant to thame and incontenent raissit all that they might be in Fyfe, Angus Stretherne and the Merse and sum of Lowthieane and send ane post incontenent to thair brother and freind the Earle of Glencairne desyrand him to come in all haist to defend thame and godis cause, declairing to him quhat cace they stude intill. And he, lyk ane trew christieane, inflaimitt with luffe and cheratie to his bretherin raissit hallalie all that he might be in the wast land baitht of gentillmen and commons and come fordwart baitht on futt and horse to the number of xviij=c= men, and spairit no trawell nether day nor night quhill he was withtin tuo myle to Sanct Iohnnstoun. The quens companie and frenchemen being in thin order ffor the time and takand wpe thair airmie and command fordwart to the toune, at this meane tyme word come to tham that the earle of Glencairne was come to Sanct Iohnnstoun witht ane great host of men baitht on horse and futte to the number of ij=m= men, ane thowsand horsemen and ane thowsand futtemen and

that to tak pairt witht the congregatioun. The quene and the governour heirand thir wordis war nocht contentit thairwith and was greatlie effeirit heirof knawand weill the earle of Glencarne was come to defend godis quarrell and the rather that the Duik and his was in his contrair. Bot in this meane tyme thair come worde to the quens grace out of Sanct Johnnstoun that they war iij=m= goode lyke men redy arrayit in tuo battellis wpoun the Inche of Sanct Iohnnstoun witht xx schot of goode artaillze in contrair thame and that they war command fordwart to meit hir, and was determinat never ane to flie frome ane wther bot rather to die in godis cause nor to flie to be punischt be frinchemen as strangeris to thame. And in signe and taikin thairof the maist part of thame patt sex quarteris of cordis about his hallis that gif he fled he sould be hangit and gif they owercome thair enemeis the frenchemen sould be hangit thairwith; and ffarder they left the earle of Glencairne with ij=m= men to keip the toun of Sanct Iohnnstoun to be ane releif to thame gif neid war. Quhene the quene governour and frinchemen hard this nowellis they war nocht contentit, knawand they could gett nothing thairat and had nocht men anew to gif thame battel; thairof thai consulltit amangis tham selffis and send tuo souldeouris to the toune to the congregatioun, to witt, the earle Bothuell and lord Iames the quens brother quho desyrit to tak wpe the matter to freindis. The quene cheissit the earle of Argyle and lord Iames for hir and the congregatioun was content heirof; they cheissit for thair part the earle of Glencairne and the laird of Dun to convene for thame, so thir foure tuike wpe the matter and contractit in the samin maner as efter followis: - It was contractit and finallie aggreit that the congregatioun sould leif the toune of Sanct Iohnnstoun woyde and

fre, redy to resaue the quene thairin so money Scottismen witht hir as scho pleissit, provyding allwayis that no frincheman sould come withtin the toun nor neirhand the samin be thrie myle and that the quene sould not call thame nor molest nor trubill ony induallar no inhabetar withtin the toune but repois hir tua or three dayis and to leif the toune frie as scho fand it, and to that effect the congregatioun everie man sould pase hame to his awin duelling. [^MOYSIE, DAVID. MEMOIRS OF THE AFFAIRS OF SCOTLAND, 1577-1603. ED. J. DENNISTOUN. BANNATYNE CLUB AND MAITLAND CLUB. EDINBURGH 1830. SAMPLE 1: PP. 85.1-104.29 SAMPLE 2: PP. 129.7-139.26^]

Vpone the feird day of November, Mr Alexander Lyndsay # brother to the erle of Crafurde wes maid lord of Spynie, and with him sir # George Home and sir James Sandilandis knichtit. In the begining of December, newis come out of France that # the King had wyn Torbet againe, and pat all to the aidge of the # suorde; and that he had teane the feildis, and that vij=m= gentlemen # voluntaris come in vpone thair awin chairgis, and myndit to fecht the # diuk of Parmay befoir his away going; and the Bastillyee of Pareis wes # mannit be certane tounsemen, quho called (\Viva la Roy\) . Ane great controuersie fell out about this tyme, betuix # certane of the erle of Huntleis freindis and the Grantis; quhairvpone # forces wer reased vpone ather sydis: and the erles of Atholl and Murray # with the laird of Grant being in Tarnuay, the erle of Huntlie come to # beseadge the house, quhaire thear wes sundrie of the Gordouns slayne, # namlie ane Johne Gordoun, schot in at the movthe throw the craig and # died. They wer all chairged afoir the secreit counsall. Lykas, about # the end of December, they wer all compellit to find cautioun for # keiping the Kingis pace, and not inuading of utheris. Bot the erle of # Huntlie, now being reconciled with the chanceller, had great court, and # all doune at his plesour. Great inquisitioun at this tyme for witches. Lykas Barbara # Neapper and Evphane M'Kallian and Agnes Sampson, wemen of guid # reputatioun afoir, wer teane as witches, with sundrie utheris baithe men # and weemen. Sampsoun wes brunt, and died weill; the rest wes # keipit. Amangis the rest, ane Ritchie Grahame accusit of witchcraft # confest many poyntis, and declaired that the erle of Bothuell wes ane # treffecker with him and utheris, anent the conspyring of the Kingis dead. Quhairvpone the erle Bothuell, being send for and accusit, # being ane great poynt of treasoun, wes committed to waird within the # castle of Edinburgh, and werie straitlie keipit.

In the beginning of Merche 1591, theare come in a great man # out of Irland, to tak vp men aganis the Queine of Ingland, namit # Bryanne Arroyk; quho remayning about ten or tuelf weikis in Glasgow, # at last wes committed to waird within the castle of the samyn; and # theirefter transported be the pryour of Blantyre and the laird of # Carmichell to Carleill toun, quhairfra he wes caried to the Queine and # delyverit in hir handis, to the great greife of many and slaunder of the # countrie, besyd the skaithe the merchandis of the west had that # trauelled to Irland. Vpone the xvj or xvij day of the said monethe, suir word come # that the Chairterhous wes wyn be the King of France, quhairin the haill # ritches of Pareise wes put in keiping. Vpone the xvij day of Junij # 1591, the King maid his generall reuocatioun at Falkland. Vpone the xxij day of the said monethe of Junij, the erle # Bothwele brak ward out of the castle of Edinburgh at twa houris in the # morning, be the conuoy of Gilbert Lauder quho went with him. The King # being in Tullibardin come immediatly to Edinburgh, and socht for ane # force to persev him at Kelso. The erle of Bothuell come to the # Nether bow and cryed in, desyring ony man to bid the chanceller come and # tak him, and he wald give ony man a croune; and that samyn nicht sovpit # in Leithe, quhair the erle of Home joynit with him; and the erles # of Mortoun, Errole, maister of Glamis and vtheris wer his # fauoreitis. Quhairvpone the chanceller being affrayed, he sent for the # King, quho come to Edinburgh in all heast. And his Majestie beand be the # way in Westerweymis, the erle of Merschell come to him, quhom he wold # not heir, bot committed him in waird. The samyn erle wes brocht # before the counsell, accusit and committed to waird within the castle # of Edinburgh; schortly therefter fred. Vpone the penult of Julij, the King wreyt for the nobillety # and barronis in all heast. The lord of Spynie past to Angus for # taking of the maister of Glamis, bot come back without him. Quho # therefter wes

committed to waird in Blacknes, and releivit within a schort # space, and wardit beyound Die. The lord Home wes commandit out of the countrey, and the laird Balcleuche lykwayis past of the # countrey with licence. Vpone the xxvij day of December 1591, be a conspiracie the # abbay of Halyroudhouse wes supprysit. The erle of Bothuell, laird of # Spot, laird of Nethrie, Archibald Douglas sone to William erle of # Mortoun, and Mr John Colwill with thair associatis, to the number of # fourtie or fiftie personis, enterit in at a stable dur besyd the east # geavill of the treatour toure, quhilk wes called the diukes stable, within # the quhilk thaire wes a trape and ane entres priuielie maid, quhilk past # in to the plaice. And hafing entered therin, they first bereft the # portour of the keyis, and then past to the chancelleris chalmer dur; they vp # the samyn; he being forsein be the kry of ane boy that theare wes # ane tumult of men in the close, he withdrew him selff and sum # vtheris within his inner chalmer, quhilk hes ane narow entrie, at # quhilk the saidis conspiratouris strak with foir halmeris and schot # pistoletis. Theare wes sum schotis of muscatis schot out againe; sum of thame wer # hurt, and for fear to be trappit past to the Quenis chalmer dur, # quhilk they brak vp, and wer put from it till they gead that samyn way # they come: and in that meane tyme, John Schaw maister stabler wes slayne # vpone the morne, and vther morne folowing, theare wes aucht of the # samyn personis teane, and hanged without assyse foranent the Abbay # yet. The diuk of Lennox wes suspect of this purpois, be ressoun # that ane of his seruandis William Steuart wes at the deid doing, and # fugitiue with the rest. Certane of his Majesteis awin seruandis wer # suspectit, specially Robert Land and Mr James Durhame of Duntarvie, quho # wer apprehendit and committed to waird vpone the iiij of Januar. # Lykwayis John Nesmyt wes accusit, quho wes committed to waird within # the castell of Edinburgh, and fund heirefter to have bein the # speciall plotter

and devyser of that bussines; his lyfe wes speared, bot him # selffe banischit. About the xx day of Januar, word come that the erle of # Bothuel with a great cumpany wes in the west pairtes, myndit to pas to # Spayne. The diuk of Lennox and the erle of Huntlie war sent with # commissioun to tak the said erle; he narovly escapit thair handis and past to # Buit, or sum vther ile therabout. And they, remaining their aucht or # ten dayis vpon a chack, wer compellit to returne home as they come as # feild, except that they brocht in the scheref of Buit with thame, # quho maid his awin pairt good. And then some of the said gaird wer send # for to tak John Smollert, as suspect to have bein vpone this # conspiracie; and the said John being brocht afoir the counsall, he wes # examinat, and keipit a certane spaice. In lykmaner sir James Sandelands and # the scheref of Buite war send, with commissioun to searche and # seik the said erle of Bothuell. Vpone the vij day of Februar or therby, the erle of # Huntlie, with sex or sevin scoir of his freindis, past out of the Kingis # house, and maid thame to giang to ane horse rease at Leithe; bot quhen they # wer theare, hafing the executioun of a blouddie conspiracie in thaire # hairte, they past to the Queinis ferrie, quhair they had causit stay the # passing over of all boittis, and past toward the plaice of Donnybirsell besyd # Aberdour, perteining to vmquhill James erle of Murray. Quhilk being the # duelling house of his mother, and he brocht to the samyn be the lord Vchiltrie, vpone his Majesteis promeis to ressave him in his # hienes fauour, for any occasioun of hafing to doe with the erle of # Bothuell, and vpone his Majesteis promeis to aggrie him the erle of # Huntlie and the chanceller Mettland, sua vpone his Majesteis desyre and # command foirsaid, the said lord Vchiltrie wreyt for him; quheare # [{vpone{] he come to Donnybirsell, quhaire he wes slayne. That samyn nicht that he wes slayne, efter his Majesteis # come in fra

the hunting, to his ludging in Nithreis wynde in Nicoll # Eduardis house, quhair he ludgit at that tyme; the lord Vchiltrie, hearing the # bruit quhairof he had no certantie, being accumpained at the tyme # with fourtie of fiftie horsse of his awin, be ressoun of his # deadlie feadis that he stood vnder, past thame all in armes, and maid thame # selffes radie to giang over to Dunnibirsell to sie the maner: lykas the erle of # Mortoun promisit to send sum of his men with him also. Quhairof the # King being informed, send for the said lord Vchiltrie with all # diligence to come vnto him, and in the meanetyme causit cloise the portis, # and geve command to the bailyeis to stay all his horsses within thaire # steables. Lykas at his coming to his Majestie, eftir long conference his # Majestie discharged him in ony soirt to steir that nicht, or to ryd by # his knavledge. The said lord efter sum speiches to his Majestie reteired to # his awin ludging. And vpone the morne therefter, quhaire the said # erle of Huntley with his bloudie menzie maist tressonablie reased # fyre, brunt the house of Donnybrisell, and maist vnvorthelie and # schamefullie murdreist and slew the said vmquhill erle of Murray, being the lustiest # youthe, the first noble man of the Kingis bloode, and one of the # peiris of the countrey, to the great regrait and lamentatioun of the haill # pepill. And slew with him the scheref of Murray, and hurt thrie of four # vtheris his seruandis; tuik some of his seruandis also, and returnit # peceablie back fra that execrable murthour, to the toun of Innerkeathing, # quhaire they remanit all that nicht. The bloodie traitouris awowit that # they had the Kingis commissioun to this purpois, quhilk his Majestie denyed. # In the meanetyme of theare staying in Innerkeathing that nicht, the # said erle Huntlie send over Gordoun of Buckie to tell the King the # newis; quha wes haldin at the Kingis yet, and depairted to his # ludging. Quhairof knavledge comming to the lord Vchiltrie, and sum of # the diuk of Lennoxis seruandis, and erle of Maris, he went and focht # him warie diligentlie in the Cannogeat; and hearing that he had teane # horse at a

backsyde and ridden away, the said lord Vchiltrie sent for his # horsse with all diligence, and folowit efter him; bot he eschappit # werie narroulie, and come agayne to the erle of Huntlie in Innerkeathing, quhair he being at his denner rease thairfra, and slipped away # without paying of his lawing. Vpone the nynt day of Februar, the dead bodeis of the erle # of Murray and scheref of Murray wer brocht over the waiter to Leithe be # the lady Doun his mother, quha myndit vpone the morne therefter to # present thame to the King; quhairof his Majestie being forseine, he # past out to the hunting, and commandit the bailyeis of Leithe to arreast # the dead bodeis in theare ludging quhair they wer, and suffer thame not # to be transported quhill they knew mair of his Majesteis mynd. Many # noblemen wer wreyttin for, bot nane come except the lord of Hammiltoun, quha went out that samyn day with his Majestie to the hunting. # Captane Gordoun and his man wes brocht over lykwayis, with the dead corpis. Theare wes ane warrand procurit be the lord of Spynie, # till have teane captane Gordoun out of Leithe to the castle of # Edinburgh, to have eschewit the present tryell of law; quhairof the lord # Vchiltrie being informit, tuik horse, and his seruandis with him to the # number of xxx or xl gentlemen weill horsit in thair armour, and # folowit furthe efter the King to the hunting. Quhaire he come vnto the King # vpone the northe syde of Corstorphin craiges beyound Cravmound, # quhaire his Majestie wes takin a drink, lichted, and stayed his horse at # the hill fute, and come to his Majestie, and schew him that he wes informit # that theare wes ane warrand procurit to carie captane Gordoun to # the castle of Edinburgh, quhilk wald he ane henderance to his tryell in # law, and the assyse and all vtheris thingis maid rady; declairing to # his Majestie how far this murthour tuitched his hienes, quhairof he besocht # him most humblie to considder, and quhat great wrong he had ressavit # heirin his Majestie best knew; quha causit him wreyt for the said erle # and the

chanceller Maitland. Vpone the said lord Vchiltrie his earnest # desyre, his Majestie granted him a warrand to present the said captane # Gordoun and his man to the tryell of ane assyse that samyn day; quhilk # with all diligence the said lord did performe, and the said captane wes # beheadit, and his man hanged, quho wer baithe at the said murthour. Proclamatiounis wes maid the tent day of the said monethe, # to all noblemen, barronis and vtheris within a great number of # scherefdomes, to ryse in armes with tuentie dayis loading, and mak forduard # with the Kingis Majestie, [{the{] tent day of Merche nixt, for pursuit # of the erle of Huntlie, and the committeris of the lait tressonable fact # within the palace of Halyroudhous, efter the King and Quenis Majesteis # had remanit a certane tyme in Edinburgh, and the King and chaunceller wes murmured aganis be the commoun pepill, for not haffing sick # regaird to the punischment of that murthour as become. The Kingis # Majestie, the chanceller and court tuik jorney about the end of the said # monethe of Februar to Linlithgow, quhair his Majestie remanit a # certane tyme. They past fra that to Glasgow and Dumbartane, quhaire calling # befoir thame and thair counsell sum of the resetteris of the erle # Bothuell, laitlie in these pairtis about Dumbartane, they wardit the # laird of Foulwood and his wyfe, with sum vtheris; and hafing taried a certane # tyme, in theare backcomming from Dumbartane, in the toun of Glasgow # (as all the countrie thocht purposlie, and as it appeared to # eschew the exclamatioun of the pepill,) they returnit to Linlithgow. At the Kingis being in Dumbartane, the maister of Elphinstoun wes send to # him in commissoun be the erle of Huntlie, quho, in the said erles # name, offerit him and his companie to a tryell for the said murthour, ather # befoir his Majestie and his counsell, or the justice generall and his # deputis; thinking that a commissioun, quhilk he purchest of his Majestie for the # persuite of sick as assisted the erle of Bothuell, sould bein a # sufficient warrand for the slauchter of the erle Murray. Alwayis it wes thocht # meit

heirvpone, that the erle of Huntlie sould be chairged to # compeir befoir the King and counsell at a day, that his compearance to abyd # tryell micht be maid suir, albeet nothing wes les meanit then wer # that he sould bein therby indengerit or trubled. The chairge being # direct out, it wes thocht meit that he sould [{not{] be sufferit to come # in his Majesteis presence, for the bruites cause, and for eschewing of forder # mislyking of the pepill; bot befoir the day of compearance to [{be{] # committed in waird for his tryell. And sua the said erle, comming # forduard in armis to keip the day, accumpanied with sevin or aucht=c= # men, wes chairged be the way in the toun of St Johnstoun, to enter his # persone in waird in the castle of Blacknes, and his freindis in the # castle of Edinburgh. He come to his waird, and enterit therin, bot his freindis past back, and dissobeyit the chairge. Efter he had remanit a fyve # or sex dayis in wairde, he geve in ane bill to the counsell, and # desyrit to be fred, vpone cautioun that he sould compeir vpone the thrid day # of the nixt justice air within the schyre quhair he duelt, or sooner # vpone xv dayis warning, and vnderly the law for the said murthour: # quhilk, efter sum circumstances vsit, wes granted be the King and maist # pairt of the counsell, and his releif put in the Kingis awin handis; and # sua wes fred quyetlie be his Majestie, and past therfra to the castell of # Fyndheavin, quhair he remanit in cumpanie with the erle of Crafurde a # certane tyme; and therefter wes fred simpliciter, or vpone cautioun # never fund, as I hard. The lord Vchiltrie, seing how thir maiteris wer # handlit, and how the reuendge of this murthour be law wes neglectit, # quhairvpone he had stayed all this tyme, and that his Majestie had promisit vnto him to folow furthe that maiter he law in all rigour; he, # seing no appearance therof, passes over the water to the erle of # Atholl, the erle of Montroise, M'Kuntosche, Grant, the laird of Weymis of that # ilk, with the haill barronis apperteaning and depending vpone the # house of Atholl, and causses set doun a band in wreyt, oblissand thame # to concur

and goe forduard at all occasionis quhen they sould be # requyrit, or that occasioun sould offer, for the reuendge of that murthour: # lykas he red throw all his freindis vpone the southe syde of Forthe, and # causit thame to subscryve the said band. Quhairof the King hearing be # informatioun of chanceller Maitland, and his instigatioun movit his # Majestie to send for the said lord Vchiltrie, and to inquyre for the said band. # The lord Vchiltrie affermit and confest his trauelling and obteaning of # the samyn band, alledging that he had great ressoun so to doe, for he # saw no vther appearance of reuendge to come; afferming oppinlie to his # Majestie at all tymes, that he wald embrace and refuse no freindschip that # wald assist and tak pairt in the reuendge of that murthour. The Kingis Majestie remaining in Merche at Linlithgow, the # nobilletie and estaitis wer wreyttin for to ane conuentioun, the xx day # of Apryle befoir the parliament, quhilk wes continowit to the # xxiiij day of Maij thairefter. For eschewing and schuilting this # conuentioun, the Kingis Majestie ten or xij dayis befoir tuik jorney out of # Edinburgh vpone the suddand toward Dundie, quhair he hard that the erle # Bothuell wes schipped at Bruchtie, and passing thairfra to Kaithnes. At # that tyme he remanit viij or ix dayis in Dundie, quhaire he vsit a # tryell of sum personis that had ressavit the erle of Bothuell; and # thairefter past to Perthe, quhaire the erle of Atholl wes desyred to compeir # afoir his Majestie and counsell, to ansuer for the reset of the erle # Bothuell in his boundis and countrie. The maister of Gray [{wes{] chairged # for this samyn reset, quho wes fugitiue. The erle of Atholl being # sumquhat slaw in his incomming, proclamatiounis wer direct to mak # forduard vpone him, bot the erle of Mar perceaving the extreametie, # purchest a commissoun to him selfe and the lord of Tullibardin, to pas # for Atholl and bring him in, quho did the samyn, bot Athol come # substantiuflie accumpanied. And remaining quhill the day of the conuentioun # wes expyred at St Johnstoun, his Majestie come to Falkland. quhaire # resolutioun

wes teane that the conuentioun and parliament sould bathe hald forduard, the conuentioun the xxiiij day of Maij, and the # parliament within v or vj dayis thairefter; quhairvpone the nobilletie # and estaitis wer wrettin for of new to that effect. And thairefter the King # come over at Erlsferrie to Fentoun; and remayning theare about # thrie or four dayis come to Dalkeithe, furthe of the quhilk he come the # xxiiij of Maij 1592 to Edinburgh, for halding of the conuentioun and # parliament. At this same tyme word come of the King of France wictorie # over the prince of Parmey: and how he had teane flicht, and wes # defeat. It wes thocht meit that, at the beginning of the # conuentioun and parliament, they sould cheise the lordis of artickelis, vpone # the xxix day of Maij in the tolbuithe of Edinburgh. Theare repaired to # the samyn the duik of Lennox, erle of Anguse, Mortoun, with # vtheris diverse erles and lordis. Theare wes a new counsall chosen the same # tyme. The proces of forfaltour wes led aganis the erle Bothuell, # laird of Spot, laird of Samuelstoun, Nithre, William Steuart sumtyme # constable of Dumbartane, Patrik Comming, with certane utheris partakeris # with the erle Bothuell. Sundrie guid actis maid in favouris of the # ministrie, and vtheris of the temporall estait; I remit thame to the buik. The King and Queinis Majestie remaining in Falkland in # Junij 1592, vpone the xxviij day betuix ane and twa in the nicht, the said # erle Bothuell hafing conspyred the apprehensioun of the Kingis # persone that nycht, accumpanied with iij=c= personis, and persevit the # palace thairof fra that tyme to vij houris in the morning; bot the King with # these about him, being for seine and advertisit be the watche, withdrew # himselff to the tour of Falkland, quhilk they had furnischit with wiveris, # and schot furthe, and keipit the samyn without hurt. And sua said erle # depairted with his companie west fra the said palace, about vij houris # in the morning, bot his Majestie not being any number, and his # horsses

teane be Bothuell, he left of the foloving of thame. The # gentlemen and haill inhabitantis of Fyffe come fast in hearing of this, # and that Bothuell wes fled: theare come also Perthe, Dundie, Covpar, # with sundry vtheris burrowis, to the number of iij=m= personis or # thairby, or sex houris at ewin. His Majestie tuik purpois that same nicht, # to pas at aucht houris at ewin to Brunteland, and vpone the morne come # over to Halyroudhouse, quhaire his Majestie remainit a certane # spaice. The erle of Angus wes command forduardd to that # conspiracie, bot suerued and stayed at Merkinsche; quhairvpone he wes chargit # to compeir befoir the King and counsall. The laird of Balweirie and # Ardrie joynit thameselffes with Bothuell. The lairdis of Burley and Logie, delaitted to [{have{] had # intelligence with the erle Bothuell, wer takin and apprehendit be the diuk # of Lennox, the ix day of August 1592, and committed to ward within # Dalkeithe; quhaire being examinat they baithe confest the same. Burley gat his lyfe for telling the treuthe, bot Logie, being a great # courtiour with the King, and dealler with the erle Bothuell, in # Bothuellis interpryse quhilk sould bein done at Dalkeithe, to wit, that they sould # come in at the back yet throw the yeard, and gottin the King in # thair handis, the said laird of Logie wes ordeanit to be tryed be # ane assyse, and execut to the dead. Bot the same nycht that he wes # examinat, he escapit out be the meanis of a gentlevoman quhom he loved, a # Dence, quho conuoyed him out of his keiperis handis throw the Queinis # chalmer, quhaire his Majestie and the Queine wer lyand in thair beddis, # till a wyndow in the backsyde of the plaice, quhair he gead doun # vpone a tow; and schot thrie pistoletis in takin of his onloyping, # quhaire sum of his seruandis with the laird of Nithrie wer awating him. Vpone the xv day of August 1592, the lord of Spynie wes # accusit of the reset and intercommuning with the erle Bothuell, be # crovnall Steuart befoir the King and counsall. Quhilk being denyed, # efter mony

attestatiounis and offer of the combat, the said crownnar # offerrit to prove, be witnesse and sundrie vtheris circumstances, vpone # the xxix day of the samyn monethe, assienit to that effect. The lord # Spynie wes committed to ward in Sterling castle, and the crounar in # Blacknes in the meantym, quhair he had beine of befoir, as suspect giltie # of Falkland read. The day hafing come, the crovnar refusit to vse ony # witnesses or circumstances, alledging that it mycht be preiudiciall to the # cause, for they mycht be slayne or subornit, and declaired that he wald # vse his witnesse at the day of tryell; quhilk the counsell thocht # expedient, and set a day to that effect, the xij of September nixt, and in # the meanetyme wardit. Vpone the v of September, Airdrie and captane # Hackertoun, associates of the erle Bothuell, wer bathe teane in Leithe be # the maister of Glamis and sir James Sandelandis. In the meanetyme the chanceller fled of court, and durst # not remayne thairat be ressone of the illwill [{of{] the diuk of Lennox. # The erle of Ergyle, erle of Mar, maister of Glamis remanit about his # Majestie at Dalkeithe. The diuk quarrellit the chanceller for vsing sum # tanting wordis. The court at this tyme beguid to mislyk the chanceller # and Lyndsais that buir court of befoir. It wes aggreet betuix [{the diuk{] and Sesfuird, that Patrik # Murray seruand to the King sould leid the teindis; sa the diuk # returnit. They had ane vther purpoise, to wit the taking and bringing in of # Fernihearst, Hunthill, and certane vtheris bordourmen, suspect of the reset # of the erle of Bothuell; bot not finding the tyme fit, and hearing # that they wer gathered, they left, and returnit home. The purpois of the # vplifting of the teindis of Kelso and Sprouistoun wes refusit be all men. Then the Kingis Majestie pressed the lord Ochiltrie thairwith, # quho freelie vndertuik the samyn; quhairvpone theare fiftie horsmen

givin him in pay, quhom the said lord payed monethlie, with # the said rent of Sprovstoun and Kelso, during all the tyme of his # theare being. His Majestie lykwayis wes informed that Boduell had ane that # conyeed fals conyee, in the house of Row in Liddisdeall: vpone the # quhilk informatioun, his Majestie wreyt to the lord Vchiltrie, desyring him to go to the said house, and to bring sick men to his Majestie as he # fand theare, togither with all sick instrumentis as could be their # had for conyeing, with pover to rease the haill countrie gif neid war. # Quhairvpone immediatelie the said lord Vchiltrie gatherd to the number of sevin or aucht scoir horsse, all in armour, weill horsit, and # red first to Jedburghe, quhair they stayed that nicht, and refreschit him # selff and his companie; and Ferniheast his brother in law sent with him # thriescoir horsse vpone the morne at nicht, red to the house of the Row # at Liddisdeall, and theare tuik the twa men out of the # house besyde the toure, and thairefter strouk vp the duris of the toure, and # broclit the ironnis that prented the conyie, with all the instrumentis, # togither with ane number of xxx s. peices to the King, quhilk wer counyied # theare, and delyverit the same to his Majestie in the Abbay. The fals # conyier wes gone in Ingland, and wes not to be had; to seik metle to # counyie moir, as wes reported. Vpone the tuelt day of September, prefixit to my lord Spyny # to abyd assyse for the treasoun quhairof Crounar Steuart accusit him, # the maiter wes continowit, and nothing doune till the xiiij day, quhilk # wes also continowit, and his Majestie promitted to have the witnesse # rady aganis the thrid of October. At this tyme a rayd wes proclamit to be # at Jedburghe, the xxv of September, for taking of the border # barronis resetteris of Bothuell, to the quhilk ane great number of # scherefdomes wes warnit. The saidis personis being chairged to compeir # dissobeyit, and past to the horne. The erle of Bothuell come to Haick, # accumpanied with thrie or four hundreth brokin men of the Grahames of Ask.

and vtheris, to meit the King of purpois command to Jedburghe: # and the King wes stayed hearing heirof, because they repared not sa # soone as they wer warnit to the King. In the meanetyme Ferniehearst come in to Dalkeathe to the # King vpone his knees, and cravit pardoun. He gat sick ansuer as he # luikit not for; alwayis it wes deliberat that his lyfe and landis # sould be saife: quho come in thairefter, wes wardit in the castle of # Edinburgh, and the provest and bailyeis of Jedburghe beyound Forthe. Thairefter his Majestie lifted ane hoist of twa or thrie # thovsand men, and come to Jedburghe, quhair his Majestie held court vpone # the malefactouris and resetteris of the erle Bothuell, quhair he coost doun # certane of thair housses. The diuk at this tyme was maid keippar of # Liddisdeal, and provest of Jedburghe, and in November thairefter, sundrie # of the outlawis come in, and offerit thame selffis in will. Immediatlie heirefter the erle of Atholl past to Tarnoway, # accumpanied with sundrie of his freindis, viz. the lord Vchiltrie, Louit, M'Kuntosche, and quhat they with many vtheris could mak, of # intentioun to be reuendgit of the erle of Huntlie for the murthour of the # erle of Murray: lykas M'Kunthosche vpone Straboggie land slew a # great number thairefter. The King, for pacefeing this purpois, sent # the erle of angus as leiftennent to the northe, vpone the [{xij{] day of # November 1592; and according to the Kingis directioun, causit bathe the # parteis subscryve ane assurance, bot of theare awin forme. They wer # baithe commandit away; the one pairtie to Dunkeld, the vther to # Aberdein, to sunder the pairteis. Bot immediatlie thairefter, theare wes # slauchter maid be Allane M'Kildowie vpone M'Intosche men and frendis, # and great hearschip. Vpone the thrid day of December 1592, captane James Steuart # was brocht in to the Kingis Majestie, be his cheife my lord # Vchiltrie, quho wes as that tyme in great credit with the King, be ressoune of # sundrie

guid proufes of seruice his Majestie had of him fra tyme to # tyme of befoir, and speciallie aganis the erle Bothuell; and gat # presence of the Kingis Majestie and wes weill ressavit, efter he had bein sevin # yeiris or therby from court, evir sen the read of Sterling. Quhairat the # ministeris cryed out and fand falt, because he had schewin him selfe hard # to the ministeris quhen he wes in court, and wes the persever of the # erle of Mortoun at the King and counsallis command, according to a # warrand granted theranent, as lykwayis of the erle of Govreis dead. The # said lord Vchiltrie brocht him againe to the Kingis Majestie, quhom # with he spak therefter, and then past to the west countrie with the # said lord Vchiltrie, quhair he had interteined him in his house therefter # thrie yeiris, till the day of his deathe, quhilk wes the [^BLANCO^] # day of the yeir of God [^BLANCO^]. Quho wes werie foully slayne be James # Douglas of Torthoreall, of quhom he luikit for no herme: as it wes # constantlie reportit, he was stirred vp be sum about the King, fearing his # incomming, bot chieflie remembring that he wes persever of the erle of # Mortoun, quhilk he did at the Kingis command and counsalis. He wes slayne command to Vchiltrie from Haselsyde: quhaire of the lord Vchiltrie, being in court with the King informit his Majestie; # the quhilk his hienes wes heichlie offendit at, and promisit to had # hand, and sie that maiter repaired with all rigor, according to justice. # Quhairvpone the lord Vchiltrie folowit furth that maiter befoir the # iustice, and gat him to the horne for non compearance, and vsit all the meanis # he could to have had the reuendge of that bloude. About the beginning of Januar 1592, theare wes ane Mr George Ker, brother to the lord Nevbotle, apprehendit in Cumray ile, # as ane traffickin papist; and letters of the Peapis and King of # Spanyis gottin in ane sark sleive of ane marineris; and he and they brocht to # Edinburgh. Theare wer also apprehendit with him certane wreytis and missives, direct from the erles of Angus, Huntlie, Erroll and # sundrie

vtheris, with blank letters subscryvit be thame, discovering # theirin ane conspiracie aganis relligioun, the King and thair natiue # countrie. The erle of Angus, comming accidently to Edinburgh, wes # teane and apprehendit be the secreat counsall, and toun therof, and put # in the castell in waird. The King hearing heirof come to Edinburgh in # all heast from Sterling, quhair he send for ane great number of # the nobilletie to tak ordour with this maiter. And then sir Dauid Grahame of Fentrie and Mr George Ker wes brocht from Sterling, to the tolbuithe of Edinburgh. It wes # thocht meit, because of Mr George Keris denyell, that he sould be # butted, and the justice clerk and Mr William Hairte, being bosted be his # freindis, durst not doe the same, vntill the tyme his Majestie taking # the maiter hiechly, wold have the same donne. And efter the secund streak # he cryed for mercie, and confest all, and declaired that the # blankis subscryvit be the erles of Huntlie, Angus, Arrol, Auchindovne [{and{] sir James Chisholme, sould bein caried to Spayne; and that ane Mr # William Crichtoun of [^BLANCO^] a Jesuite sould filled thame as he # thocht guid to the King of Spayne. The commissioun wes that xxx=m= men sould land out of Spayne at the west seas, and he connoyed to # the noble men theare adherentis in at Carlelle, and sua furthe to # Ingland, and that fyve thovsand Spayneyeardis sould be left in Scotland, # quhilkis, with assistance of the nobilletie, sould proclame libertie of # conscience. In respect of Mr Georges declaratioun of the treuthe, the King # granted him his lyfe. The laird of Fentrie deponit the samyn, and # therfoir wes execut. About the first day of Februar 1592, the erle of Angus # brak ward within the castle of Edinburgh, and past north over to the # rest of his adhearentis. Theare wes a read proclamit toward the northe # immediatly heirefter. His Majestie tuik jorney be Sterling and Perthe, # and wes in Aberdeen the xxij of the said monethe. The rebelis wer # not

seine, bot fugitiue to Caitnese. The haill countrie men wer # called in; the blankis and vtheris schawin; and a declaratioun maid of # his Majesteis comming in these pairtes. Cautioun wes fund of the barronis # for the Kingis peace, rysing and concurring with him quhen he # pleasit, and for all obedience. And a generall band subscryvit be the King, # his nobilletie and barronis, for strait persuit of the erles and # vther foloveris with all rigor. The erle of Atholl wes maid commissioner # within the boundis of Elgin, Forres, Nairne, Nes, Cromartie and all # beyound Spay; the erle of Merschell from the north waiter to Spay. At this tyme come in ane Inglische ambassadour namit the # lord Barroche. The commissioun wes, that, seing the King of Spayne # had teane vp banner aganis Ingland and Scotland for professioun of # the treuthe, it wald please his Majestie to denunce wear with him; # nixt that these that wer of the lait conspiracie mycht be folowit with # all rigor; thridlie, that the league of amitie betuix the twa realmes # mycht be reiterat. To the quhilkis ansuer wes maid be sir Robert Melvill of # Murdocairnie knicht thesaurer deput: To the first, that no occasioun of # wear wes offerrit, be reasone that the haill subiectis of this # realme had frie passadge and tread within Spayne; and incaice he meanit to # persev Ingland be landing of his men heir, he wald give pledges that # theare sould be no skeath donne: calling to mynd that theare wer many # fair offeris maid of befoir to the King at thair last strait, bot # never a vord keipit. It wes ansuerit to the secound, that his Majestie, # being a frie prince, wald tak na directioun from the Queine of Ingland to # vse or not vse his subiectis. And to the thrid, that theare wes no # break and therfoir na reneving. About the xj of Apryle 1593, the embassadour departed # homeward. It wes then concludit that sir Robert Melvill sould be send # embassadour; with a full resoluing ansuer to Ingland.

At this tyme the diuk and lord of Spynie wes aggreet, and # he with his brother put in thair owin plaices. Vpone the xxviij of # Apryle, the Kingis Majestie, alledging he wes to hunt, read quicklie # out of Haddingtoun to Leidingtoun to the chanceller, dynit with him, # and conferred long, quhairat the counsall wes agast. Vpone the nynt of Junij 1593, for Robert Melvill wes sent # in Ingland, with ane full resolutioun to the Queine, and for ressaving the # Kingis annuell he had yeirlie out of Ingland. The ministrie cryed # alwayis out, and wer offendit at the ladie Huntlieis being in the Abbay, # hir husband being ane of the speciall conspiratouris: at last the Kingis # Majestie movit heir with, and at the desyre of Mr Bowes embassadour, # pat hir away. The parliament began vpone the xiiij day of Julij 1593. The # diuk of Lennox buir the croun, the erle of Ergyle the sceptour, and # erle of Mortoun the suord. The lordis of the articklis electit. Vpone # the xxj day of Julij, the King red againe to the tolbuithe. The # erle of Atholl being in the toun wald not ryd, because his Majestie # wald not condiscend to the erle of Huntleis forfaltour; nor yit the # lord Hamiltoun, being their also. And his Majestie caused mak offeris to be # gevin in in the erle of Huntleis name and the conspiratouris, for # satisfactioun of his Majestie and the kirk. This parliament wes litle thocht # of, because the erles wer not forfalted; it wes maid a current parliament, and continowit to November nixt. In the meanetyme ane great number of personis wer slayne in Sanquhaire, and theare # bloudie sarkis brocht to the King. Vpone the xxiiij day of Julij 1593, the erle Bothuell and # mr John Coluill, quho had bein thrie yeiris banischt, come in, # accompanied with the erle of Atholl, the lord Forbes, the lord Vchiltrie (quho # joynit with thame for reuendge, and vpone promeis to assist the # reuendge of the erle of Murrayis slauchter) to the number of twa or thrie # hundreth

men, to the abbay of Halyroudhouse; quhaire it wes reported # that the said erle and Mr John war brocht in be the lady Atholl, at the # back yet of the said abbay, betuix aucht and nine houris in the # morning; and at the Kingis rysing, entered in his chalmer, quhaire his # Majestie being putting on his clothes, the said erle and Mr John fell doun on # thaire knees, and geve theare suordis vpone the grund, craving mercie and # pardoun moist humblie, quhilk his Majestie yeildit to. There wes vpone # this practize the diuk of Lennox, the erle of Atholl, the lordis # Vchiltrie, Forbes and Spynie, with sundrie vtheris bandit to the samyn # purpois with the erle Bothuell. Theare wes ane great tumult in # Edinburgh for this. They come all doun in armis, and cryed to vnderstand # the Kingis mynd, quho cryed out, and sayd that he wes not captiue, # bot weill, incaice that quhilk wes promisit be thame sould be # keiped; and commandit thame all to the Abbay kirk yeard, to stay theare # quhill he cald for thame; and immediatly thairefter sent for the # provest and bailyeis, and commandit thame to dissolue and goe homeward; he # hovpit all sould be weill. Schortlie heirefter the erle of Mar, maister of Glamis, # priour of Blantyre, with sundrie vtheris, reteired thame selfes as # malecontentis of the toun. It wes thocht meit that Bothuell sould reteir him of # the toun, quhill he wer tryed of the cryme of witchcraft layd to his # charge; and the tent of August set for that effect. The King red immediatlie # thairefter to Falkland, accumpained with the diuk, the lord Vchiltrie and # Spynie, and returnit to Edinburgh to the tent day of August appoynted # as said is. At quhilk day the erle of Bothuell wes put to the # knavledge of ane assyse, and purged be thame all in ane voce. Immediatlie # heirefter the King being bound to Falkland wes stayed be the lordis, quhill # it wes agreet that his Majestie sould pas as a frie prince quhaire he # plesit, and that the erle of Bothuell nor none of his confederatis sould # come neir him without his licence; and sicklyk that the chanceller, the # erle of

Mar and thair confederatis sould not repair to court, quhill # the parliament appoynted the tent day of November. So as his Majestie # depairted weill content, promitting be his oathe and handwreyt to # restoir the erle of Bothuell to his landis, and all his confederatis. Word come that the King of France wes turnit papist, and # then crounit at Pareise. Theirefter at a conuentioun appoynted at Sterling, it wes # concludit and aggreet be the King and nobilletie, that seing his # Majestie wes not sufficientlie pleased to his honour, anent the erle of Bothuell # for his double treasonis, theirfoir he and his foloveris sould come in # theare presence of new agayne, and crave pardoun on theare kneis, # quhilk sould be granted, and thairefter that he sould reteir him # selfe from court, to the tyme that the parliament sould hald, at quhilk # tyme he and his sould be restoired; and then that he sould goe of the # countrie, and remaine during his Majesties pleaseour. Quhairat the erle # of Mar, my lord Home, sir George Home, maister of Glamis, the pryour # of Blantyre and vtheris being glad, returnit to court, and war # weill acceptit of. Sir Robert Meluill and Mr Robert Bruce wer sent to the # erle Bothuell to signefie the conclusioun afoir said; quho # attending theare comming at Linlithgow acceptit werie gladlie heirof, and # promitted to performe the same to his Majesteis pleseour. And this being # declaired to the King be the afoirsaidis commissioneris, his Majestie # wes weill contented thairwith. Schortlie theirefter proclamatioun is # maid that Bothuell sould not come neir the court, within ten myles, etc. # And the state stoode sa at this tyme, that it wes feared that the # papist lordis sould be ressavit in fauour againe: and on the vther syde, all # the ministry fauored the erle Bothuell, thinking him moist meit to be a # chiftaine for the professouris, incaice they fand occasioun to come # aganis the papistes.

Sundrie conferences wer betuix his Majestie and the # ministrie anent the pollitick and externall gouernament of the kirk. Maiteris # thairof [{wer{] hardlie ressonit and stuckin at on ather sydes, quhill # at last, be the ministeris constant abyding at theare declinatour, and # that they wer onlie competent judges in thair doctrine delyverit in pulpit # (\in prima instancia\) , his Majestie wes heichlie exasperat thairat, and # at thear daylie declaming aganis his Majestie and his counsall, finding falt # withe his Hienes course in the fauour schewin to the papist erles, # speciallie Huntlie, and impunging his Majesteis lawis, actis of parliament and # proclamationis, maid anent thair restraynt from convocatioun of thame selfes, and with thame the noblemen and barronis of the countrey at # theare assembleis and vther tymes, without his Majesteis privetie and # licence, alledging the same to tend to a seditioun. Sum of the # ministrie, that wer commissioneris for the rest at Edinburgh for the tyme, wer # chairged and commandit to depairt of the toun. Sum also of the # tounsmen thocht maist familiar with the ministeris of Edinburgh, to the number # of xj or xij, wer chairged of the toun, and not to come within twa # myles thairto. The ministrie of Edinburgh, incensit at his Majesteis sa # hard proceiding as they thocht, geve out maist griuous and vnkouthe speiches againis the counsall; to wit, president, secretar, Mr Thomas # Hamiltoun aduocat. Speciallie Mr Walter Balkanquholle ane of the # ministeris of Edinburgh, preaching in St Jeilis kirk the xvij day of # December 1596, ane euill day for the toun of Edinburgh, maist griuouslie # exclamit aganis the saidis counselleris be theare names exprest, and aganis # his Majesteis

course in fauouring of Huntlie, afferming thairby the kirk and # relligioun to be in denger, and exhorting his auditouris, lordis, # barronis, gentlemene, burgesse and vtheris to repeare immediatlie to the Litle kirk, quhaire the lordis Lyndsay and Forbes, withe the lairdis of # Bargeany, Blackwane, Duntreathe, Hatton, Faldounsyde, M'Kleane and # sundrie vtheris barronis, gentlemen and burgesses being convenit at # his desyre, ane exhortatioun wes maid be Mr Robert Bruce, ane vther of the # saidis ministeris, declairing to the pepill the denger quhairin the # kirk and relligioun stood, be the returne of the papist erles within # this realme, and the fauour schawin to thame; and thairvpone desyrit sick # as wer convenit theare to hald vp thair handis, and awow the defence # of the kirk and relligioun aganis quhatsoever. Quhilk being doune, # sum of the saidis noblemen and barronis, and sum of the ministrie wer # directed to the Tolbuithe, quhairin his Majestie wes for the tyme in # the ower house, with commissioun to desyre his Majestie, in respect of # the denger quhairin the professouris of Godis relligioun stood, to put # these counsellouris from him quho geve him counsall to bring home they papiste erles, to the perelling of relligioun and his awin estaite. # Quhilk commissioun being dischairged sum pairt to his Majestie, his Hienes, as the commissioneris and pepill murmurred, tuik not the same in # guid pairt, bot as ane miscontent, withdrew him selfe out of the # heiche house doun to the laiche [{doun to the{] Tolbuithe, and theare # convenit sa mony togither of the counsell as wer present, to advyse vpone ane # ansuer. And sua in this meanetyme, as his Majestie and lordis wes # sittand theare in counsell at the backcomming of the commissioneris # agane, ane fray arrease in the Tolbuithe being full of pepill, quhilk # proceidit vpone ane fray that first beguid in the Litle kirk, quhairin ane # cryed "The suord of Gidioun!" and some vtheris cryed " Armes! Armes!" And sua a great number of tounsmen, quhilkis wer thocht maist # zealous in relligioun, and hanted in the companie of the ministeris, pat # thame

selfes in airmes, some in corsleatis and sum vther wayis. # Lykas the lord Lyndsay, lord Forbes and sum of the barronis conuenit in # the Litle kirk, and with the ministrie past forduard to the # Tolbuithe in ane great companie togither. And sua exclamationis passing throw # the haill toun, and all men making to armes, theare fell out ane # exceiding great tumult, to the terrour of his Majestie and all the # lordis and vtheris with his Hienes in the tolbuithe, bot speciallie the greatest # fear of the four lordis, quhilkis wes thocht to have beine slayne, to wit, # the president, the secretar, Mr James Elphinstoun, the aduocat Mr Thomas Hamiltoun, and my lord of Menmure. Theare wes directit out # from his Majestie and counsall theare present, the erle of Mar and # the lord Vchiltrie, to the lordis barronis and ministrie convenit in # the kirk yeard, to stay the tumult. They had great truble and bussines in # thaire outgoing, be ressoun of the thronge of pepill; and at thaire comming to the kirkyeard on the back syde, quhaire the lordis, ministrie # and all wer conuenit, some wordis wer wissellit at the first betuix the # erle of Mar and lord Lyndsay, quhilkis could not be quenched a long tyme, # quhill the lord Vchiltrie desyred the lord Lyndsay to have patience, # and heir the erle of Mar delyver his Majesteis commissioun, as it # become him weill to doe: Quhilk efter he did, he returnit with my lord # Vchiltrie to his Majestie and counsall, quho wer sittand expecting theare # back comming. In this meanetyme the magistrates and honest men of the toun, ignorant of the maiter meanit, comming to speak his Majestie, # be his Hienes command stayed the tumult, and commandit all theare # nichbouris to theare ludgingis. And quhen the matter wes quyetted, and # that the lordis barronis and ministrie that wer convenit wer ordeanit # to come doun to his Majestie at efter noune, and so schaw theare # greifes, the quhilk they promisit to doe, his Majestie past doun the Hie # streit to the Abbay on fute. Theirefter the moveris of the tumult, convening thame # selfes togither

in Mr Robert Bruces galrey in the back of the kirk at # efternoune the samyn day, maid choise of sum commissioneris, viz. the lord # Forbes, the laird of Bargeanie and laird of Blackwane, laird of # Faldounsyde with sum of the ministeris, quhilkis they send doune with sum # artickelis to his Majestie to be ansuerit. They held forduard the way, # quhill they come to the Abbay close about four houris at ewin. The Kingis # Majestie, being informed of theare commissioun and of theare comming, called the lord Vchiltrie, and directit him, as he wald doe # him maist acceptable seruice, to move and draw Bargaynie and Blackwane # fra that companie. Quhilk he did with all diligence, for these twa # men wer his speciall freindis, and brocht theare be him vpone ane # day of law, for persuite of the lord Torthorell, for the slauchter of # his vmquhill vncle James Steuart sumtyme chanceller of Scotland. Sua efter # the said lord had teane twa out of that companie back to the toun # with him, the rest of the commissioneris, efter a litle # consultatioun and advysement with thame selfes, separat thame selfes, and ilk ane of thame past ane sundrie geat, leavand of thaire commissioun # vndischarged. The same nicht Barganie and Blackwane wer brocht in quyetlie to # his Majesteis chalmer, at ten houris at ewin, be the meanis of the lord Vchiltrie, quho wer pardonit be his Majestie, and commandit to # ryd home to theare awin housse. Vpone the morne the noblemen and barronis in this quarrell # separat thame selfes and past hameward; some of thame wer called # thairefter befoir his Majestie, and committed to sundrie wardis, furthe # of the quhilk they wer be tyme releisit. Some of the inhabitantis of # Edinburgh, thocht bussie on the calsay that day armit with corsletis, and # delaited as pairtakeris of that tumult, being thocht a treasonable # conspiracie, (albeet never sa yit tryed out) wer straitlie put at, and for # non compearance some put to the horne and vtheris wardit, bot # finally all releiscit and put to libertie home againe.

The four ordinar ministeris of Edinburgh, viz. Mr Robert # Bruce, Mr Walter Backanquhell, Mr William Watsone and Mr James # Balfoure, being chairged to compeir afoir his Majestie and counsall, and # to be entered be the provest and bailyeis, they wer fugitiues and # denuncit to the horne for non compearance. Quhilk passing over a long # tyme, and sum meanes being maid for restoiring the ministrie to # theare awin places, efter the samyn had waiked, and nather preching nor # prayeris vsit in the kirkis of Edinburgh for ane great spaice, it wes # dressit with great deficultie, his Majestie standing in werie hard termes # with the ministrie, that they sould be restoired to thair places. And # for accomplesching of that work, with the resolution of sum questionis # debeattable, and thocht meit to be aggreed on betuix his Majestie and the # kirk, conuentioun of the estaitis and generall assemblie wes appoynted and # haldin in Dundie, beginnand vpone the tent day of Maij 1597. In this foirsaid tyme, Mr John Welsche minister wes chargit # to compeir befoir his Majestie and counsall, for sum speiches vttered be # him in a sermone maid in St Jeilis kirk in Edinburgh, within thrie or # four dayis efter that tumult, quhilk wes the xvij day of December, # and for non compearance wes lykwayis denuncit to the horne, and aganis # quhom his Majestie wes heichlie offendit. The lord Vchiltrie delt # werie earnestlie with his Majestie in his fauouris, and procurit his pace, gat # him relaxit and restoired to his awin plaice againe. At this conuentioun appoynted the tent day of Maij 1597, # the four ordinar ministeris of Edinburgh compearit in presence of the # generall assemblie haldin theare, and geve vp theare offices, as it wer # at the apostles feit, affirming that they sould never serue quhill # the diuisioun of the congregatioun wer maid in aucht, and aucht ministeris # appoynted to serue the cure of the same. For that commissioun wes gevin # to certane of the ministrie theare, to sie that kirk of Edinburgh # planted, with the kirkis of St Androis, Dundie and utheris; as lykwayis # to sie

ordour taking with a great dissastour fallin out amangis the # clergie of St Androis, quhilkis had devydit that haill cittie in # factionis; and a request wes maid be the assemblie to his Majestie to concur # with the saidis commissioneris for the better effectuatting of that # turne. His Majestie and the saidis commissioneris of the assemblie, with # sum of his Hienes counsall, immediatlie heirefter convenit at St Androis, # and displacit fra seruice thear Mr Dauid Black and Mr Robert Wallace # ministeris; as lykwayis, in schort tyme therefter, inioynit Mr Andro # Melwill and the rest of the doctouris to keip theare scoiles and # colledges, and medle with na assembleis or presbitereis therefter; and in end # maid choise and placit Mr George Gladsteanis minister theare, # thocht weill of and lykit be his Majestie and commissioneris of the kirk at # that tyme, and the haill honest citizenis of the cittie. Efter this the # four ordinar ministeris of Edinburgh suitted to be reponit in theare awin # plaices, quhilk wes therefter granted. At the said conuentioun quhilk endit the xvij day of Maij # 1597, the artickles folowing wer concludit: first, That the money sould # be cryed to 1. s. the vnce; that no forrane gold nor siluer sould have # course, bot be vsit as bulyeoun to the counyiehouse; the counyeis of v # lib. peices of gold, and x.s. peices of siluer salbe continowit and struckin # without alteratioun; that na Inglische cleathe sould be brocht within # this realme; that the woll transporting sould be restrainit; that bulyeoun # sould be brocht hame be the merchandis, conforme to the actis of # parliament; that the customes salbe heichtit, conform to the actis of # parliament and practick of old; that customes salbe takin als weill of guidis # command within the realme, as transportit furthe therof, quhilk wes # thocht a noveltie. It wes concludit in the said assemblie, that erle # Huntlie, Angus, Errol sould be absoluit fra the excommunicatioun be # thair ordinar presbitreis. Efter this immediatlie a parliament wes proclamit to be # haldin at

Edinburgh vpone the [^BLANCO^] day of [^BLANCO^] , quhilk wes # fencit and continowit to the [{iij{] day of [{November{] therefter. In # this tyme the saidis erles wer absoluit fra the sentence of excommunicatioun, # and ressavit to the societie of the kirk. Immediatlie therefter his Majestie past about the [{ix{] # day of October toward Dumfreische, for repressing the insolencie of the # brokin men of the west bordour, of that resolutioun not to returne thairfra # quhill that turne wes effectuat; as in deid his Majestie did mikle to it. # In that tyme he hangit xiiij or xv lymmeris and notorius theifes, and # compellit the principalis of everie breanche of the surnames of # Johnstoun and Airmestrange, Beattisoun, Bell, Irwing and vtheris to enter # ane or twa of the moist notable malefactouris of evrie breanche, quhairof # theare wes xxxvj in number, as pledges that the haill skeathes and # reafes committed be thame or ony of theare particular brenche, sen the laird of Johnstounis acceptatioun of the wardeanrie, quhilk wes about # ane yeir and ane halfe befoir that tyme, sould be redrest, the pairteis # compleanand betuix and the secund of Februar nixt therefter; and that they # and all thaires sould absteine fra sick insolencie and thift in # tyme comming, vnder the paine of hanging. Thir pledges being enterit wer # committed to waird in his Majesteis housse and strenthes, and for the # better effectuatting of this conclusioun, and keiping of the countrie in obedience and guid ordour, his Majestie constitute theare presentlie # Andro lord Vchiltrie leiftennent and wardin over that haill west merche, # and geve pover be commissioun to hald courtes of redres for tryell of # complayntis and satisfactioun of his Majesteis guid subiectis # compleaneris. And for meiting with the opposit wardenis, making and ressaving of # redres, and also for suppressing of all forder insolenceis quhatsoever. # Quhilk commissoun wes als lairge and ample as any quhatsumever ever granted to ony leiftennent heirtofoir. This doune, his Majestie returnit from Drumfreische to # Edinburgh.

quheare the said parliament wes begun vpone the [{iij{] day # of [{November{] , and endit within aucht or nyne dayis thairefter. At the quhilk the saidis erles wer restored, baithe be reductioun of theare # forfaltouris, and ane act of abolitioun granted in theare fauour. The # honouris wer borne the first day as folowis; the erle of Cassilis buire the # croune, Sutherland the sceptour, and the erle of Mar the suord: the # secund day the erle Cassilis buir the croune to the Tolbuithe, the erle # of Keatnes the sceptour, and the erle of Mar the suord: and in the doun # comming from the Tolbuithe efter the restitutioun of the erles, the # erle of Agnus buir the croune, the erle of Huntlie the sceptour, and the # erle of Mar the suord. Theare wes a taxatioun of twa hundrethe thovsand # merkes granted to the King be the estaites of parliament, for # directing embassadouris in Ingland, France, Denmerk, Germanie and sundrie vtheris pairtes. Sundrie actis of parliament wer then concludit, the # particularis quhairof I remit to the parliament buik. The lord Vchiltrie remanit leiftennent vpone the bordour # fyve or sex monethes at Dumfreische, halding courtis of redres, and # pacifeing the countrey; he hangit and slew thriescoir, with the moir of # notable thiefes. He geve sundrie decreitis, and in his tyme causit mak great # executioun of the saidis decreitis; and keipit the countrey in great # quyetnes and guid ordour all this tyme. About this tyme theare wes ane assemblie of the ministrie # haldin at Dundie, quhair his Majestlie being present vpone the [{xxvj{] # day of Merche 1598, quhair it wes proponit that bischopis sould have # woit in parliament, bot yit the maiter wes continowit. Sundrie greifes # wer given in be the foure ordinarie ministeris of Edinburgh, and # the presbitreis thairof and thairabout, for that Mr Peter Ewet and Mr George Robertsoun wer admitted ministeris thear; yit all maiteris wer # weill aggreet. The maiter of the planting of the kirk of Edinburgh # wes long dispute betuix his Majestie and Mr Robert Bruce, vpone this # particular,

that Mr Robert wald not ressave his admissioun to a particular # stoke be impositioun of handis and ordinatioun, without ane declaratour # givin [{to{] him be the commissioneris of assemblie, that he had # lauchfullie exercit the office of ane pastour in the kirk of befoir; quhilk maiter # efter many trystes wes aggreet and packet vp. At the dissoluing of the quhilk assemblie haldand at # Dundie, quhilk wes about the [^BLANCO^] day of [^BLANCO^] ,quhen his Majestie # wes in his returne to Edinburgh, the diuk of Holsten his Majesteis # guidbrother come throw Ingland in to Edinburgh, and wes convoyed the first # nicht to Halyroudhouse, quheare he wes ressavit gladlie, and vsit in # all sortis as a Prince. His Majestie heasted to Edinburgh to meit with # the said diuk, and at his thearecomming interteined him alwayis as # became; he maid progres out of Halyroudhouse ower the water of Forthe to # Rewinsheuche the first nicht, fra that to Balcolmie, Pittinweem, St # Androis, Leucheris, Dundie, Foulis, St Johnstoun, Sterling, Linlithgow # and Edinburgh, quhaire he wes bancketted all the way. His Majestie bancketted him in Halyroudhous and Sterling mony a tyme, with # great drinking and pastymes, and with learge propynes. In the end of Merche 1598, Mr Eduard Bruce commendatour of Kynlose wes directed in embassadge towardis the Queine of # Ingland, with a commissioun to excuse his Majestie of sum thingis # allegit spokin be his Hienes in parliament, anent hir proceiding in # nominatioun of the secund persone and great steuart, in his Majesteis preiudice # to the richt of the croune of Ingland, and to propone sum vtheris # particularis concerning the estait of the twa bordouris and twa realmis. He returnit in Maij thairefter, with word that a peace wes concludit # betuix the King of Spayne and France, within the quhilk it wes craved that the # Queine of Ingland and the estaites of the Law countreis sould be # includit, if it pleased thame vpone sick conditionis. In this peace it wes # concludit that the inquisitioun of Spayne and halye house sould be # dischargit, and

not extendit to strangeris; that all forreneris mycht tread # theare at thear plesour without challenge; that Caleyse sould be # restoired to the King of France, vpone the xxiij day of Maij foirsaid. Vpone the xxiiij day of Junij nixt, theare wes a # conuentioun appoynted to hald at Edinburgh of the nobilletie and esteatis: at quhilk day theare wer present, the diuk of Lennox, lord Hamiltoun, # the erles of Angus, Erroll, Cassilis, Mar, Glencairne, Sutherland; the # lordis Settoun, Leivingstoun, Nevbotle, with sundrie vtheris. # Quheareat wes treatted the headis and artickelis folowing; for setting doune # a rent to his Majestie for the dischairge of his princelie effearis; # anent the electioun of his defynit counsall remitted to the parliament; the # checker to sit anis in the yeir in Julij allenerlie; Mononday appoynted a # play day; his Majestie passing to Kyntyre; the bischop of Glasgow # restoired; anent the scherefis and horneris; the ordour alreadie set doun # to stand anent away taking of feadis; anent provisioun for armour, with # sundrie vtheris guid actis. Immediatlie efter the dissoluing of the said conuentioun, # his Majestie past out of Edinburgh to Sterling, and from that to Falkland. # His Majestie returnit againe to Edinburgh the xx day of Julij, for # ordour taking with the fead betuix the erle of Mar, lord Leivingstoun # and maister of Elphingstoun. About the tuentie of October, the gentlemen # interpryseris to conqueis the Lewes past forduard in that woyadge. Vpone the xxviij day of October, theare wes a conuentioun # of ane number of the nobilletie, quhairat the counyie als weill our # awin as forrene wes cryed doun, to the great hurt of the leidges; an # electioun of the counsall, and ane greatter number of the nobilletie # concludit to be wreyttin for, agane the tent day of December nixt # thairefter at Edinburgh. At quhilk tyme they met, and treattit vpone the materis # folowing; to wit, that theare sould be ane defynit counsell of xxxj # personis, quhairof

of xvj sould be noblemen, and the rest officiaris, barronis # and vtheris at his Majesteis nominatioun, quhilk sould sit in his Majesteis # palice vpone Tysday and Thursday weeklie at efternoune, and have a pover # and auctoritie to command, in quhatsoevir pairtes they sould # happin to resoirt, his Majesteis subiectis makaris of conuocatioun, ryotis or # sick tumultis in the countrey, [{and{] to commit in waird or syne as they # sould think guid. They war first suorne, and with subscryving geve # theare oathes that they sould give his Majestie trew and faithfull # counsall in all his royall effearis, ather concerning himself or the weill # of the countrey. The names war thir; the diuk of Lennox, the erles of Angus, Cassilis, Mar, Glencairne, Montroise quho wes maid president # of this counsell; the lordis Settoun, Flemyng, Leivingstoun, # Vchiltrie, Newbotle, Fyvie; the thesaurer, secretar, comptroller, clerk of # register, aduocat, justice clerk, priuie seall, collectour elymoyinare, # commendatour of Kynlose, bischop of Dunkeld; the lairdis of Traquaire, sir George Home, Carmichell. Thir war present, and the rest # remitted to his Majesteis nominatioun quhen his Hienes thocht guid. The # conyie wes ordeanit to be cryed vp againe in this maner folowing; # viz. the vnce of our awin frie fyne siluer to be at liij s. iiij d. and # the vnce of forrene siluer to be at 1 s., and the gold proportionallie # according to the spaices particularlie set doun; wapponschawingis wer appoynted # to be haldin vpone the first Monondayis of Maij, Junij, Julij; the # counsell wes ordeanit to tak ordour with the bordour maiteris, # scherefis, hornaris, and sick vtheris thingis proponit at the conuentioun. Quhilkis # being endit, the counsall helde forduard, and began according to the # prescryvit ordour. [^LITHGOW, WILLIAM. THE TOTALL DISCOURSE OF THE RARE ADVENTURES ... OF LONG NINETEENE YEARES TRAUAYLES, ETC. GLASGOW: JAMES MACLEHOSE AND SONS, 1906 (LONDON 1632, ALSO REPR. 1682). PP. 333.1-369.36^]

[}THE NINTH PART .}] Tunneis beene sightlesse left, I sought the Ile Of little Malta: famous for the stile Of honour'd Knight-hood, drawne from great Saint John, Whose Order and the Manner, I'le expone: Whence Coasting Sicilie, a tripled view I tooke of AEtna: Time discussing you A miracle of Mettall; for its Kind Is nurs'd by Raine, and suffled up with wind: And thwarting Italy, the Venice Gulfe, Carindia, Carneola, the stiffe stream'd Dolf; Head-strong Danubio, Vienne, Austriaes Queene, And Kinde Moravia, set before mine eyne. To Hungary I came, and Vallechie, The Transilvanian Soile, and Moldavie. Whence sighting Polle, and many Scotsmans face, I Kiss'd Sigismonds hands, at Warsow place: Whence Swethland I, and Denmarke last bewray, Noruegia too, in my sought London way; Where bin arriv'd, safe on the brow of Thames, To Court I came, and homag'd Royall James. And now my Wish, and my arrivall, being both desirous for a while setled in Tunneis, I dispatched my Dragoman, and the other Barbarian hireling, with a greater consideration, then my two former conditions allowed me: Yet being urged to it by Captaine Wairds decernitour, I freely performed his Direction. My Conduct gone, and

I staying heere, Captayne Waird sent twice one of his servants with me to see two sundry Ovens drawne, beeing full of young Chickens, which are not hatched by their mothers, but in the Fornace, being thus. The Oven is first spred over with warme Camels dung, and upon it the Egges, closing the Oven. Then behind the Oven, there is a daily conveyance of heate, venting through a passage beneath the dung, just answerable to the naturall warmnesse of the Hens belly; upon which moderation, within twenty dayes they come to naturall perfection. The Oven producing at one time, three or foure hundred living Chickens, and where defection is, every sharer beareth a part of the losse; for the Hatcher or Curator, is onely Recompensed according to the living numbers he delivered. Surely this is an usuall thing, almost through all Affricke, which maketh that the Hennes with them are so innumerable every where. And now it was my good fortune, after five Weekes attendance for Transportation, being about the 14. of February 1616. to meete here with a Holland ship called the Marmaide of Amsterdam, beeing come from Tituana, and bound for Venice and Malta, touched here by the way. In this time of their staying, came one Captayne Danser a Fleming, who had beene a great Pyrate and Commaunder at Seas, and the onely inveterate enemy of the Moores; beeing imployed by the French King in Ambassage, to relieve two and twenty French Barkes that were there Captivated, done by the policy of the Bashaw, to draw Danser hither; notwithstanding that hee was then Retired, and marryed in Marseilles. Well, he is come, and Anchored in the Roade, accompanied with two French Gentlemen: Two of which came a shoare, and saluted the Bashaw in Dansers behalfe: they are made welcome, and the next day the Bashaw went franckly a boord of Danser, seconded with twelve followers: Danser tooke the presence of the Bashaw for a great favour, and mainely feasted him with good cheare,

great quaffing, sounding Trumpets, and Roaring shots, and none more familiar then the dissembling Bashaw, and over-joyed Danser, that had relieved the Barkes, for thy were all sent to him that morning, not wanting any thing. After deepe cups, the Bassaw invites him to come a shoare, the day following, and to dine with him in the Fortresse: To the which unhappy Danser graunted, and the time come, he landed with twelve Gentlemen, and nearing the Castle, was met with two Turkes to receive him: where having past the draw-bridge, & the gate shut behind him, his company was denied entrance: where forthwith Danser being brought before the Bassaw, was strictly accused of many ships, spoyles, and great riches he had taken from the Moores, and the mercilesse murther of their lives, for he never spared any: Whereupon he was straight beheaded, and his body throwne over the walles in a ditch; which done, off went the whole Ordonance of the Fort, to have sunke Dansers two ships; but they cutting their cables, with much adoe escaped, but for the other Gentlemen a shoare, the Bassaw sent them very courteously and safely aboord of the redeemed Barks, whence they hoised Sayles for Marseilles. Loe there was a Turkish policy more sublime and crafty, than the best Europian alive could have performed. A little while thereafter, the afore-said Hollander being ready to goe for Sea, I bad goodnight to Generous Waird, and his froward Runagates, where being imbarked, with prosperous windes upon the third day, wee landed at Malta, and there leaving my kind Flemings and their negotiation, I courted the shoare, saluting againe my former hoste. The fift day of my staying here, I saw a Spanish Souldier and a Maltezen boy burnt in ashes, for the publick profession of Sodomy, and long or night, there were above a hundred Bardassoes, whoorish boyes that fled away to Sicilie in a Galleyot, for feare of fire but never one Bugeron stirred, being few or none there free of it:

The Knights that remaine here, as they are of divers howsoever, they of the better sort, are resolute in their atchievements. The Maltezes aunciently did adore the Goddesse Juno, whose Temple was superbiously adorned with rich decorements, and to which for homage and devotion, came all the Inhabitants of the circumjacent Iles; bringing rich presents and gifts; and they were also honored with the Temple of Hercules, the ruines of which appeare to this day. Now as their order of Knighthood, the oath which is made at their receiving, in the order of St. John, or of the Religion of the holy Hospitall of Jerusalem, is thus: I vow, and promise to God, to the most blessed Virgin Mary, the Mother of God, and to our glorious Patrone St. John the Baptist, that by the grace and helpe of Heaven, I shall ever be obedient to the superiour, that God and this Religion have appointed; and from henceforth that I shal live chast, forsaking Marriage, and all other lusts, and to be without the proper possession of any thing that may be mine. After this, the Chappell clarke, a Priest of the order, receiving him with divers ceremonies, taketh a blacke Cloak in his hand, and shewing him the white crosse that is fixed thereon; demandeth if he doth not beleeve that to be the signe of the Crosse, whereon Jesus Christ was crucified for our sinnes, he confesseth it, kissing the Crosse: After which, his receiver putteth the crosse of the Cloake upon the heart and left side of the new made Knight, saying: Receive this signe in the name of the trinity, the blessed Mother of God, the Virgin Mary, and of St. John the Baptist, for the augmentation of the Catholick faith, the defence of the Christian name and service of the poore: Also we put this crosse on thy left side, to the end, that thou mayst love it with all thy heart, and with thy right hand for to defend it: And in fighting against the enemies of Jesus Christ, thou shalst happen to flee, and leave this holy Signe behind thee, thou shalst of

good right be depraved of this holy religious order, and of our company: This done, he knitteth the Cordon of the Cloake about him saying; Receive the yoake of our Lord that is sweet, and light, and thou shalst find rest for thy soule: This spoke, he kisseth the Cordon, and so doe all the circumstanding Knights, and there are made unto him divers Orations and precepts, contained in the Booke of their Ordinances: They have a Priest-hood too of this same order, being Masse-Priests that weare this badge of the white Crosse. Now bidding farewell to Malta, and to mine aforesayd Countrey Gentleman William Dowglas, I landed the next morning at Sicly in Sicilia, being twenty leagues distant. And now this being the third time of my traversing this Kingdome, (triple experience, deeper knowledge) I begin to give you a perfit description thereof. Sicilia was first named Trinacria (whose figure is Triquetria) for that being triangular, it butteth into the Sea with three Promontories: Capo di coro, South, Cap di passaro West: and Cap di saro East: The length of each triangle from point to point, being 200. miles. (\Terra tribus scopulis, vastum procurrit in aequor, Trinacris a positu, nomen adepta loci.\) An ile with corners three, out-braves the Mayne From whence the name Trinacry it doth gaine. It is now called Sicilia from the Siculi or Sicani who possessed it, and hath beene famous in all former ages: By Diodorus Siculus, it was cognominated the Paragon of Iles: By Titus Livius, the Garden of Italy: It was also aunciently called the Grange of the Romanes, and is never a whit decayed to this day. The length of the Iland lyeth East and West, in circuit sixe hundred, large fifty, and in length two hundred fourty Italian miles: The soyle incredible fruitfull, excelling in all sorts of graine, as cornes, Wheat, Wine, Sugar, Ryce, Oyle, Salt, Allom, all kinds of fruit, wholesome Hearbs,

exceeding good Silke, exquisite mines of mettall, and the best Corall in the world is found here, beside Trapundy; growing under the water greene and tender, but when arising above, it becommeth red and hard: The like whereof is sayd to be found in the red-Sea, and gulfe of Persia. The most of the Townes and Villages within land, are builded on the highest hills and greatest hights in the Countrie; the reason is two-fold; first it serveth them for strength, and a great defence in time of cursarary invasions, of which divers bee so strait in ascending, that one man may easily resist and beat downe five hundred. The second is, because their dwellings being farre above the parching Plaines, these situations are good preservatives for their health, whereon they have a sweet and cooling ayre, which in such a hot climat, is the soveraigne salve to prevent sicknesse. Their Villages be farre distant, some sixe, ten, fifteene, twenty miles one from another; in all which grounds there is no sequestrate house, unlesse (being a high way) it be a Fundaco or Inne. About the sides of the hills, whereon their Townes stand, grow all their Wines, and on the Plaines nothing but red Wheat, which for goodnesse is unparalelled, and the best bread and abundance of it in the world is here. Sicilia was formerly devided in three Regions, to wit, the valley of Demonia, containing AEtna, Catagna, Messina, and that angle of Cap di faro, of old Pelora: The other the valley of Neitia, containing Syracusa, Terra nova, and the angle of Cap di Cora of old, of Lilibea; and the third was the valley of Matzzara contayning Palermo, Trapundy, Malzara, and the angle of Cap di passero old Pachinum: Many thinke that Sicilia was rent from Italy by the violence of waters, at the generall Deluge, some by infinit earthquakes, and some simply conjecture the cause to have proceeded from combustious AEtna, which is meere ridiculous. There are divers grounds and valleyes in this Ile, that abound so in Wheat, that the Inhabitants recoyle a

hundred measures for one, and commonly are called the fields of a hundred measures. The Sycilians for the most part are bred Orators, which made the Apulians tearme them, men of three tongues: Besides they are full of witty sentences, and pleasant in their rancounters, yet among themselves, they are full of envy (meaning their former kindnesses was unto strangers) suspicious and dangerous in conversation, being lightly given to anger and offences, and ready to take revenge of any injury comitted: But indeed I must confesse, more generously than the Italians, who murder their enemies in the night; for they appeale other to single combat, and that manfully without fraudulent practices. They are curious, and great lovers of novelties, and full of quicknesse and rare inventions in all kind of Sciences, great intelligencers, and lovers of histories: As I found in divers of them, who knew the passages formely of my Countrey so exquisitly that I was astonished at their relations, so agreeable with the trueth and times past. The Parliament of Sicily hath a wonderfull great authority; # insomuch that the Viceroy can not have the free gift (as they call it) which is every third yeare, nor no extraordinary thing, nor the renewing of any matter concerning the Common-wealth, without the generall consent of the whole Kingdome: The generall counsell whereof is composed of three branches, called by them, the armes of the Kingdome: viz. first the Prelats, and inferiour Clergy men, named the arme Ecclesiastick: secondly of Barons called the arme Military: and the third, the Commissioners of Cities and Townes, intitulated the arme Signioriall: The Crowne-rent of this Kingdome amounteth to a million and a halfe of Duccats yearely: which being disbursed ever for intertaining of Captaines, Garrisons and of Gallies, and cursary ships, the Badgelloes and servants for the fields, the maintaining of Towers, and watches about the coasts, the reparations of Colledges, high-wayes, Lords pensions, and other defrayings, there rests little, or nothing at all to the King.

I remember in my twice being in this Kingdome, (especially the second time, wherein I compassed the whole Iland, and thrice traversed the middle parts therof from Sea to Sea.) I never saw any of that selfe Nation, to begge bread, or seeke almes; so great is the beatitude of their plenty. And I dare avow it (experience taught mee) that the porest creature in Sicily eateth as good bread, as the best Prince of Christendome doth. The people are very humane, ingenious, eloquent and pleasant, their language in many words is nearer the Latine, then the Italian, which they promiscuously pronounce: somewhat talkative they are, and effeminate, but generally wonderfull kind to strangers. In the moneths of July and August, all the Marine Townes every yeare, are strictly and strongly guarded with them of the inland Villages and Bourges, both on foot and horsebacke: who are compelled to lie there at their owne charges, so long as this season lasteth; in which they feare the incursions of the Turkes; but the rest of the yeare, these Seacoast Townes are left to the vigilant custody of the Indwellers. This Countrey was ever sore oppressed with Rebells and Bandits, untill such time that the military Duke of Sona, came to rule there as Viceroy, Anno 1611. where in the first yeare he brought in five hundred; some whereof were hanged, some pardoned, and some committed to the Gallies: So that within two yeares of his foure yeares government, there was not a Bandit left at random in all Sicilia; the like before was never seene in this Region, nor one in whom Astreas worth was more honoured, in fortitude of mind, and execution of true Justice than this Duke, before whose face, the silly ones did shine, and the proud stiffe-necked oppressours did tremble. And in a word, he was no suppressour of the subjects (as many now be) to satisfie either licentious humors, or to inrich light-headed flatterers, but serving Justice, he made Justice serve him: for the equitie of Justice of itselfe, can offend none, neither of any will it be offended;

unlesse the corrupt tongue and hand of the mercenary Judge, suffer sound judgement to perish for temporary respects; which this noble Governour could never doe, neither suffer any inferiour Magistrate to doe the like under him: As it well appeared by his just proceedings against the Jesuites of Palermo, and his authority upon them imposed in spight of their ambition. The circumstances whereof were very plausible, if time did not slaughter my goodwill; and yet my patience could performe my paines with pleasure. And likewise against a Seminary Gallant, a Parochial Priest of that same City, who had killed a Knights servant in a Brothell-house, the brother of a Shoomaker, which fellow, the Victory caused to Pistoll the Priest in spight of the Cardinall, and thereupon absolved him for the dead. The Cardinall having onely for the Priests fact, discharged him to say Masse for a yeare without satisfaction for the mans life: so the Duke inhibited the Shoomaker to make shooes for a yeare, and neverthelesse allowed him two shillings a day to mainetayne him for that time. Many singular observations have I of his government, the which to recite would prove prolixious, though worthy of note to the intellective man; hee was afterward Viceroy of Naples, and now lately deceased in Spaine. It is dangerous to travell by the Marine of the Sea-coast Creekes in the West parts, especially in the mornings, least he finde a Moorish Frigot lodged all night, under colour of a Fisher-boat, to give him a slavish breakfast: for so they steale labouring people off the fields, carrying them away captives to Barbary; notwithstanding of the strong Watch towers, which are every one in sight of another round about the whole Iland. Their arrivalls are usually in the night, and if in day time, they are soone discovered; the Towers giving notice to the Villages, the Sea coast is quickly clad with numbers of men on foot and horse-backe: And oftentimes

they advantagiously seaze on the Moores lying in obscure clifts and bayes. All the Christian Iles in the Mediteeranean Sea, and the Coast of Italy and Spaine, inclining to Barbary, are thus chargeably guarded with watch Towres. The chiefe remarkeable thing in this Ile from all Antiquity is the burning Hill of AEtna, called now Monte Bello, or Gibello, signifying a faire Mountayne, so it is, being of height toward Catagna from the Sea side, fifteene Sicilian miles, and in Circuite sixty. The North side toward Rindatza at the Roote beeing unpassable steepe; yet gathering on all parts so narrow to the top, as if it had beene industriously squared, having a large prospect in the Sea; about the lower parts wherof, grow exceeding good Wines, Cornes, and Olives. And now in my second Travailes, and returne from Affricke, I not being satisfied with thee former sight, the kinde Bishop of Rindatza courteously sent a Guide with me on his owne charges, to view the Mountayne more strictly. Ascending on the East and passable part, with tedious toyle, and curious climbing, wee approached neare to the second fire being twelve miles high; which is the greatest of the three now burning in AEtna: whose vast mouth, or gulfe is twice twelve-score long and wide, lying in a sraight valley betweene a perpendicular height and the mayne Mountayne; whose terrible flames, and cracking smoake is monstrous fearefull to behold. Having viewed and reviewed this, as neare as my Guide durst adventure (the ground meane while whereon wee stood warming our feete, and is dangerous for holes, without a perfect Guide) wee ascended three miles higher to the maine top or Cima, from which the other two fires had their beginning. Where when come, wee found it no way answerable to the greatnesse of the middle fire; the other two drawing from it the substance, wherewith it hath beene aunciently furnished; yet betweene them two upper fires, I found aboundance of Snow (beeing in July) lying on the septentrion sides of the Hill. It was

heere in this upmost Fornace, that Empedocles the Phylosopher cast himselfe in, to bee reputed for a god. (\Deus immortalis haberi Dum cupit Empedocles, ardentem fervidus AEtnean Insiluit\) To be a god, this curious Wretch desires And casts himselfe, in the fierce AEtnam fires. As we discended on the North-east side, we came to the third and lowest fire, which is within a short mile of the Mountaynes foote, over against Rindatza; and if it were not for a sulphureat River, which divideth the Towne and the Hill, it would bee in danger to be burned. This last and least fire, runne downe in a combustible flood, from the middle above, Anno 1614. June 25. Where the Sulphure streames, before it congealed, falling in a bituminous soyle, where Wine and Olives grew there seased, and daily augmenteth more and more; having quite spoiled the Lands of two Barons in Rindatza : But the King of Spaine, in recompence of their miserable mishapes, did gratifie them with some of his Crowne lands for their maintenance. I speake it credibly, I have found the Relickes of these Sulphure streames, which have burst forth from the upmost tops of AEtna Westward, above twenty miles in the playne. The reason of such ardent disgorgements, is thus; that when the abundance of Sulphure, being put on edge with excessive Raine, and the bituminous substance still increasing; which by the chaps, slits, and hollow chinkes of the ground (rent partly by the Sunne, and by the forcing flames) is blowne by the Wind, as by a payre of Bellowes; the vault or vast bosome, of which ugly Cell not being able to contayne such a compositure of combustible matter, it impetuously vomiteth out, in an outragious Torrent; which precipitately devalleth, so long as the heate remayneth : and growing cold, it congealeth in huge and blacke stones, resembling Minerall mettall, and full of small holes, like to the composed

Cinders of a Smithes Forge, wherewith the Houses of nine Townes Circumjacent thereunto, are builded. This is that place, which the Poets did report to bee the shop of Vulcan, where Cyclops did frame the thunderbolts for Jupiter : Wherof Virgill doeth make his Tract, called AEtna. Under this hill the Poets faine the Gyant Enceladus to be buried, whose hote breath fireth the Mountayne, lying on his face; and to conclude of AEtna, the grosse Papists hold it to be their Purgatory. The chiefe Cities therein are Palermo, the Seate of the Viceroy, situate in the North-west part over agaynst Sardinia: It is a spacious City, and well Watered with delicate Fountaynes, having goodly buildings, and large streetes, wherof Strado reale is principall, beeing a mile long. In which I have seene in a evening march along for Recreation above 60. Coaches; a paire of Mulets, being tyed to every Coach : The Gallies of Sicilia, which are ten, lye here. The second is Messina, toward the East, over against Regio, in Calabria, being impregnable, and graced with a famous haven : having three invincible Castles, the chiefe wherof, is Saint Salvator by the Sea side; there be divers other Bulwarkes of the Towne wals, that serve for offensive and defensive Forts, which is the cause (in derision of the Turkes) they never shut their Gates. The third is Syracusa, standing on the Southeast Coast fifty miles beyond AEtna, and halfe way twixt Messina and Malta, a renowned Citty, and sometimes the Metropolitane Seate : It is famous for the Arathusean springs, and Archimedes that most ingenious Mathematician : He was the first Author of the Spheere, of which instruments he made one of that bignesse, and Arte, that one standing within, might easily perceive, the severall motions, of every Caelestiall Orbe : And when the Romanes besiedged Siracusa, he made such burning glasses, that set on fire all their Shippes lying in the Road : At last he was slayne by a common Souldier in his studdy, at the sacke of the Towne, to the great griefe of Marcellus the Roman

Generall; when he was making plots, and drawing figures on the ground, how to prevent the assaults of the Romanes. The fourth is Trapundy in the West, over agaynst Biserta in Barbary, which yeeldeth surpassing fine Salt, that is transported to Italy, Venice, Dalmatia, and Greece; made onely in some certayne Artificiall Salt pooles, by the vigorous beating of the scorching Sunne, which monthly they empty and fill. The Marine here excelleth in Ruby Corall, which setteth the halfe of the Towne at work, and when refined, is dispersed over al Christendom. This City is in great request amongst the Papists because of the miraculous Lady heere, reputed the Ilands Protector, and sole Governour of these narrow Seas, for Shippes, Gallies, and Slaves : which indeede if an image cut out in white Marble were so powerfull, it might be credible; but besides this Idolatrous title, they # superstitiously thereunto annexe a rable of absurd lies. The fift is Catagna, placed at the Marine foot of AEtna, that was so vexed by Dionisius the Tyrant. The sixt is Matzara South-west, over against the Barbarian Promontore of Lystra, the rest be Rindatza, Terra nova, Emma, whence Pluto is sayd to have stone Proserpina, Malzara, Francavilla, Bronzo, Terramigna, and Argenti once Agrigentum, where the Tyrant Phalaris lived, who tortured Perillus in the Brazen Bull, which he made for the destruction of others. The tyrannies which were used in Sicilia were in times past so famous, that they grew unto this Proverbe, (\Invidia Siculi non invenire tyranni, tormentum majus\) . The elder and younger Dionisius, were such odious tyrants, and the third Dionisius worst of all, that when the people powred out continuall execrations on the last, wishing his death; onely one old woman prayed for his life: This reason she gave, since from the grandfather, his father, and he, each succeeding worser and worser, and least (said she) he dying, the divell should come in his

place, (for a worser never lived) I wish him to continue still. This Kingdome after it was rent from the Romanes, remained in subjection under the French till the yeare, 1281. in which Peter of Arragon, contrived his purpose so close, that at the sound of a Bell, to the evening vespers, all the French men in Sicilia were cruelly massacred; since which time it hath ever belonged to the house of Arragon, and now of Spaine, which exploit masketh under the name of Vesperi Siculi. For nobility this Iland may compare with Naples, their styles (like unto Italy) are great, but their revenewes wondrous small. The Sicilians have a Proverb, as having experience of both, that the French are wiser than they seeme, and the Spaniards seeme wiser than they are : And even as the Spaniard is extremely proud in the lowest ebbe of Fortune: So is the French man exceeding impatient, cowardly desperate, and quite discouraged in the pinch of sterne calamity. The Spaniard and the French man have an absolute opposition, and conditionall disagreement in all fashions; and in their riding both different, and defective: For the Spaniard rideth like a Monkey mounted on a Camell, with his knees and heeles alike aside, sitting on the sadle, like to halfe ballast ship, tottering on the top-tempestious waves: And the French man, hangeth in the stirrop, at the full reach of his great toe, with such a long-legged ostentation, pricking his horse with neck-stropiat spurres, and beating the wind with his long waving limbes, even as the Turkes usually do, when they are tossed at their Byrham, hanging betweene two high trees, reciprocally waving in the ayre, from the force of two long bending ropes. The women ride here stridling in the sadle, and if double, the man sitteth behind the woman : The women also after the death of their friends keepe a ceremonious mourning twice a day, for a moneths space, with such yelping, howling, shouting, and clapping of hands, as if all Sicilia were surprised by the Moores : Yet neither

shedding teares, nor sorrowfull in heart, for they will both hollow and laugh at one time : The same custome for the dead, the Turkes observe, and all the Orientall people of Asia. This Iland finally is famous, for the worthy Schollers shee once produced: Archimedes the great Mathematician; Empidocles, the first inventer of Rhetoricke; Euclide the textuary Geomettrician; Diodorus Siculus that renowned Historian, and AEshilus the first Tragedian of fame, who being walking in the fields, and bald through age, by chance, an Eagle taking his bald pate for a white rocke, let a shell-fish fall on it, of that bignesse, that it # beat out his braines. But to proceed in my itinerary relation, having twice imbarked at Messina for Italy, from Asia, and Affricke, I have choosed the last time (double experience, deeper knowledge) for the discourse of my departure thence: After a generall surveigh of this Iland and Monte Bello arriving at Messina, Anno 1616. August 20. I encountered with a Worshipfull English Gentleman Mr. Stydolffe Esquier of his Majesties body, accompanied with my Countrey man Mr Wood now servant to James Earle of Carelill, who instantly were both come from Malta, the generous affabilitie of which former Gentleman to mee in no small measure was extended; meeting also afterward at Naples, as in the owne place shall be succinctly touched. Here I found some 60. Christian Gallies, assembled to the Faire of Messina, which holdeth every yeare the 17. of August: Wherein all sorts of Merchandize are to be sold, especially raw Silke in abundance: 30 of which Gallies went to scoure the coasts of Greece. Messina is foure miles distant from Rhegio in Calabria, and two miles from the opposit Maine. This Rhegium was that Towne where Saint Paul arrived after his ship-wracke at Malta in his voyage to Rome: It was miserably sacked by the Turkish Gallies of Constantinople, Anno, 1609. but now by the Spaniards it is repaired with stronger walles, and

new fortifications, sufficiently able to gaine-stand any such like accidentall invasions. In this time of mine abode here, there happily arrived from Italy my singular good friend Mr. Mathew Dowglas his Majesties Chirurgion extraordinary, being bound also for the Levant in the same voyage of the Christian incursions against the Infidels, whose presence to me after so long a sight of Hethnike strangers was exceeding comfortable, and did there propine him with this Sonnet (which I made on AEtna) as the peculiar badge of my innated love. High stands thy top, but higher lookes mine eye, High soares thy smoake, but higher my desire, High are thy rounds, steepe, circled, as I see, But higher farre this breast, whilst I aspire: High mounts the fury of thy burning fire, But higher far mine aimes, transcend above: High bends thy force, through midst of Vulcans ire, But higher flies my spirit, with wings of love, High presse thy flames, the Christall aire to move, But higher moves the scope of my engine, High lieth the snow, on thy proud tops I prove, But higher up ascends, my brave designe. Thy height cannot surpasse this cloudy frame But my poore soule, the highest Heavens doth claime, Meane while with paine, I climb to view thy tops, Thy height makes fall from me ten thousand drops. Here in Messina I found the (sometimes) great English Gallant Sr. Frances Verny lying sick in a Hospitall, whom sixe weekes before I had met in Palermo: Who after many misfortunes in exhausting his large patrimony, abandoning his Countrey, and turning Turk in Tunneis; he was taken at Sea by the Sicilian Gallies : In one of which he was two yeares a slave, whence hee was redeemed by an English Jesuite, upon a promise of his Conversion to the Christian faith: When set at liberty, hee turned common Souldier, and here in the extreamest calamity of extreame miseries, contracted Death: Whose dead Corpes I charitably

interred in the best manner, time could affoord me strength, bewailing sorrowfully the miserable mutability of Fortune, who from so great a Birth, had given him so meane a Buriall; and truly so may I say, (\Sic transit gloria mundi\) . After sixteene dayes attendance for passage, their fortunately accoasted heere twelve Napolitan Gallies come from Apulia, and bound for Naples : In one of which, by favour of Marquesse Dell Sancta Cruce the Generall, I imbarked, and so set forward through the narrow Seas, which divide Italy and Sicilia: The strait wherof, is 24. miles in length, in breadth 6.4. and 2. miles. This Sea is called the faro of Messina, and fretum Siculum; at the West end whereof, wee met with two contrary chopping tides, which somewhat rusling like unto broken Seas, did choake the Gallies with a strugling force: (\Incidunt in Scyllam, cupiens vitare Charibdim\) . Who strive to shunne, the hard Calabrian coast, On sandy Scilla, wrestling they are lost. Yet of no such eminent perill, or repugnable Currents, as be in the firths of Stronza and Westra: especially Pentland firth, which divideth Katnes from Pemonia, the mayne Land of Orknay; wherein who unskilfully looseth from eyther sides, may quickly loose sight both of Life and Land for ever. As we entred in the Gulfe of Saint Eufemia, we fetched up the little Ile of Strombolo: This Isolet is a round Rocke, and a mile in Compasse, growing to the top like to a Pomo, or Pyramide, and not much unlike the Isolets of Basse and Elsey, through the toppe wherof, as through a Chimney arriseth a continuall fire, and that so terrible, and furiously casting foorth great stones and flames, that neyther Galley nor Boate, dare Coast or boord it. South from hence, and in sight therof, on the North Coast of Sicily lye the two Ilands, Vulcan Major, and Minor; whereof the lesser perpetually burneth, and the greater is long since consumed. On the fourth day we

touched at Ischa, the greatest Ile belonging to Naples, and 20. miles in Circuite, being strongly begirded with Rockey heights. The chiefe Towne is Ischa, whether Ferdinando of Naples fled, being thrust out of his Kingdome by Charles the eight. There is a Fountayne here of that incredible heate, that in short time will boyle any fish or flesh put in it, and the taste agreeable to digestion. Departing from thence, and coasting the mayne shoare, we had a Moorish Frigot in Chase, where seazing on her, we found 16. Moores therein, and sixe Christians, three men, two Women, and a Boy, whom they had taken up, in going betweene two Townes by the Sea side. The Peasants were set at liberty, and the Moores immediately preferred to chaynes of Iron, bloody lashes, tugging of Gally oares, and perpetuall slavery. Neere the Marine, and in sight of Naples, wee boorded close by the foote of the Hill Vesuvio, which in time past did burne, but now extinguished: It was here that the elder Pliny who had spent all his time in discovering the secrets of Nature; pressing neere to behold it, was stifled with the flame, so that he dyed in the same place, which is most excellently described in the Booke of his Epistles, by his Nephew the younger. Arriving at Naples, I gave joyfull thankes to God for my safe returne to Christendome, and the day following, I went to review the auncient Monuments of Putzola or Puteoli: Which when I had dilligently remarked in my returne halfe way to Naples, I met the aforesayd English Gentleman and M. Woode, who needes would have me turne backe to accompany them hither. When come, we tooke a Guide, and so proceeded in our sights; the first thing of any note wee saw, was the stupendious Bridge, which Caius Caligula builded betweene Putzolo and Baia, over an arme of the Sea, two miles broad: Some huge Arches, Pillars, and fragments whereof remayne unruined to this day: The next, was the new made Mountayne of Sand, which hath dryed up Lago Lucrino, being by an

Earth-quake transported hither; at the foote of this fabolous Hill, we saw the remnants of Ciceroes Village. Thence we came to the Temple of Apollo, standing on the East side of Lacus Avernus, the Walles whereof, and pendicles (the Tecture excepted) are as yet undemolished. This Lake Averno is round, and hemb'd in about with comely heights, being as our Guide reported infinitely deepe, and in circuite a short mile. The West end whereof, is invironed with the Mountayne of Cuma, whether AEtnas arrived when hee fled from Dido Queene of Carthage, and sister to Pigmalion King of Tyrus. Advancing our way, along the brinke of the Lake, we came to Sybillaes Cave, the entery being darke, because of the obscure passage, hewen out and cut through the mayne Rocke, our Guide strooke fire, and so with a Flambo marched before us. The first passage was exceeding high Cime, and the further end stopped with mouldring earth. Inclining to our right hand, we passed through a very straite and low passage, and so arrived in Sybillaes Chamber, which is a delicate Roome, and Artificially decored with Mosaical Worke: Here it is sayd, the Divell frequented her Company, and where shee wrot her Prophecies. From thence hee conducted us through a most intricate and narrow way, (wherein we were forced to walke sidling in) to a large and vast Rome: The Rockey vault whereof, was hanging full of loose and long stones, many of which were fallen to the bottome. This great Cell or Hall, is a yard deepe of blackish Water, and was the dining Roome of Sybilla: In which hearing toward the further end, a scriking noyse, as if it had beene the chirking of Frogs, the hissing of Serpents, the bussing of Bees, or snarling of Wolves; we demanded our Guide from whence such a sound proceeded? Who answered, they were Dragons and flying Serpents, praying us to Returne, for the fellow was mightily affrayde: Whereat I laughing, Replyed, there was no such matter; and M. Stydolffe desirous to know it, hee onely and I, leaving the other two behind us, adventured the tryall:

Having more then halfe way entered in this Sale, stepping on huge stones because of the Water, and I carrying the Flambo, for lacke of ayre, being so far under ground, the light perished. Whereupon wee hollowed to our Guide, but the Reverberating Eccho avoyded the sense of our words, neyther would he, nor durst he hazard to support us. Meanewhile it being Hell-darke, and impossible to find such a difficult way backe, and tendering (as by duty) the worthy Gentleman, I stepped downe to my middle thigh in the water, wrestling so along to keepe him on the dry stones. Where indeed I must confesse, I grew affrighted for my legs, fearing to be interlaced with water Serpents, and Snakes, for indeed the distracting noyse drew aye nearer and nearer us. At last, falling neare the voyce of our guide, who never left shouting, wee returned the same way wee came in, and so through the other passages, till wee were in open fields. Here indeed for my too much curiosity, I was condignely requited, being all bemired and wet to the middle, yet forthwith the vigorous Sunne disburdned me quickly thereof: From thence (to be briefe) we came to the Bagni, the relicts of Pompeis Village, to the Fort of Baia, and the Laborinth of Ciento Camarello, into the admirable fish ponds of Lucullus, (the coverture of which, is supported by 48. naturall pillars of stony earth) to the detriments of Messina, Mercato sabbato, and the Elisian fields: Thence we returned by the Sepulcher of Agricula, the mother of cruell Nero, who slit up her belly to see the matrix wherein he was conceived; and by the two decayed Temples of Venus, and Mercury: Crossing over in a boat to the Towne of Putzolo, the chiefe monument we saw, was the auncient Temple of Jupiter, who serveth now for their Domo, or Parochiall Church: The latter Idolatry of which, is nothing inferiour to the former. Meanewhile here arrived the French Gallies, fetching home Chevalier du Vandum, the Prior of France from Malta: Who scouring the coast of the lower Barbary, their

fortune was to fall upon a misfortunate English ship belonging to Captaine Pennington, which they as a Cursaro or man of Warre confiscated. Their Anchors fallen, I boorded the Queenes Galley, where to my great griefe I found a Countrey-man of speciall acquaintance, George Gib of Burrowtownenes (who was Pylot to the English) fast chained to an oare, with shaven head and face: Who had his owne shippe twice seazed on by the Turkes, and Mamora, which ship he lastly recovered at the Ile Sardinia, and sold her at Naples being miserably worme-eaten. To whose underserved miseries, in my charitable love, I made a Christian oath, that at my arrivall in England, I should procure by the helpe of his friends, his Majesties letters to the Duke of Guyse Admirall, for his deliverance. But soone thereafter, being of a great spirit, his heart broke, and so died in Marseils. (\Tempora labuntur, tacitisque senescimus annis, Et fugiunt fraeno, non remorante Dies\) . Times slide away, gray haires come posting on, No reyne can hold, our dayes so swiftly gon. Departing from Putzolo, we came to thee Sulphatara, where the fine Brimstone is made, which is a pretty incircling Plaine, standing upon a moderate hight; having three vents, through two of which, the smoaking flame ariseth, and the other produceth no fire; but after an excessive raine surgeth sixe foote high with blacke boyling water, which continueth so long as the rayne lasteth. From thence (our Guide leaving us) we came to Grotto di cane; wherein if a Dogge be cast he will suddenly die, and taken thence, and cast in the Lake, he will forthwith revive: This Grotto or Cave, standeth on the side and root of a sulphure hill, the brinke of Lago di Avagno: We desirous to make tryall of a Dog; and finding the fellow that purposely stayeth there somewhat extortionable, I adventured in stead of a Dog to make tryall of my selfe; Whereupon Maister Stydolffe holding up the quartered doore, I entered to the further end thereof,

bringing back a warme stone in each hand from thence: whereat the Italians swore, I was a Divell and not a man: for behold (say they) there was a French Gentleman the former yeare, who in a Bravado, would needes goe in: whereupon hee was presently stifled to death, and here lyeth buried at the mouth of the Grotto to serve for a caveat, to all rash and unadvised strangers to doe the like. The relation indeed was true, but I counting nothing of it, would needes (sore against the Gentleman and Master Woods will) goe in againe, where entred to the bottome being ten paces long, the moysty and choaking heat did so suffocate and benumbe my senses, that with much adoe I returned backe; where receiving the fresh ayre, and a little Wine, I presently forgot my former trance: which when the Dog-keeper saw, he for an easie composition made triall of his Dog; and having tyed a string to his hinder leg, he cast the Dog scarce halfe way in the Cave, where immediately his tongue hanging out, he fell downe dead: And forthwith his Master repulling him backe, cast him in the Lake, powring in water in his eares, but hee could never recover his life. Whereupon the poore man cried out, alas I am undone, what shall I doe, the Dog that wonne my dayly food is dead; in compassion whereof the worthy Gentleman doubled his wages. In our way and returne to Naples, we passed through Virgils Grot, being halfe a mile long, and cut through the maine body of a Rocke, whereby the Mountaine of Cataia by the Sea-side is made passable; at the East end whereof neare the Cyme of the vault is Virgils Tombe: and arrived at Naples, Mr. William Stydolffe reporting to divers of his Countrey Gentlemen and mine, of my adventure in Grotto di Cane, they could hardly be perswaded to beleeve it: But when avouched, they all avowed I had done that (so did divers Neapolitans) which never man had done before me reserving life. Bidding farewell to my generous friends, I marched through Terra di lavoro, and in the way of Saint Germane, and Mount Cassino to Rome; within ten miles of Capua,

I found the poorest Bishop ( (\Nomen sine re\) ) the world affoordeth: having no more (nor never had he, nor any before him) than dui Carolini or Juletti twelve pence a day to spend. So is there many a Marquesse, Earle, Baron, and Knight in Italy, who is unable at one time, to keepe a foote-man at his heeles, a Dog at his foote, a Horse betweene his legs, a good sute of clothes on his backe, and his belly well fed; so glorious be their stiles, and so miserable their revenewes. Touching at Rome, I secretly borrowed one nights lodging there, and at the breach of day another houres sight and conference, with my Cousing Simeon Grahame; who ere the Sunne arose, crossing Ponto flamingo, brought me on in my journey, till a high way Taverne like a Jayle held us both fast, where leaving our reciprocall loves behind us, wee divided our bodies East and West. And now ere I leave Rome, I thinke it best, to let our Papists here at home, see the shamefull lives & cruell deaths, of most of their Popes beyond Seas: which their owne best Authors in France, Italy, and Spaine, have justly & condignely avouched & recorded; & authorized also to light by their prime powers civil and spirituall. the papists generally hold, that in their Popes, is all power; (\Super omnes Potestates, tam Caeli quam Terrae\) ; above all powers both in Heaven and Earth: They tearme him (\Alter Deus in terris\) ; a second God upon the Earth: (\Deus mortalis in terris, et immortalis homo in Caelis\) ; a mortall god upon the Earth, and an Immortall man in the Heavens: Some of them have allotted, that he is, (\Non deus, non homo, sed utrunque\) ; neyther God nor man but both: The Popes former title was (\Servus servorum Dei\) ; and they call him (\Rex Regum, Dominus Dominantium\) , King of Kings, and Lord of Lords. Paul the third, entering Tolentino in the vale of Ombria joyning with Tuscany, had this salutation: (\Paulo tertio, Maximo, in terris Deo\) ; to Paule the third, the best, and greatest God on earth. Then since they will have them gods, above the God of Gods; tell me I pray

you, what a May pole Dauncer, was John 12. alias 13. of 18. yeares old, who made the Lateran their great Church in Rome, a playne Stewes or Brothel house. What a Pope-boy of twelve yeares old, was Benedict the ninth? and after wrought by inchantments. Another Pope they had, whom they called (\Unum pecus, in co quod de mane faciebat gratiam, et de soro revocabat\) : A very Asse, for in the morning hee would grant many great kindnesses, and at night revoake them all agayne. What a thiefe was Pope Boniface the seventh? who robbed St. Peters Church? What a sodomiticall Pope was Sixtus the fourth; who builded Stewes of both kindes, granting his Cardinals the use of Sodomy, for three hote moneths. What an Atheisticall Pope, was Leo the tenth? who called the Gospell a Fable. What a Hereticall Pope was Honorius the first? who by sixe general Counsels, was condemned for a Monothelit: What a perjured Pope was Gregory the twelfth? and openly forsworne: What a Negromancer was Silvester the second? who gave himselfe both soule and body to the divell, to attaine the Popedome: What was Pope John the eleventh, but a bastardly brat to Pope Sergius? What a sorcerer, Charmer, and Conjurer, was Hildebrand, called Gregory the seventh? given to all beastlinesse, and diabolicall practices; this was he that threw the Sacrament in the fire: What was Innocent the third? who was branded with this black marke, (\non est innocentius, imo nocens vere\) , he is not innocent; but vey nocent: What a wicked and cruell murtherer was John the twelfth a Romane borne, who caused to cut off the nose of one Cardinall, and the thumbe of another Cardinall; onely because they had wrot the whole tract of his abhominable vices to the Emperour Otho. What an inhumane and homicidious Pope was Stephanus the seventh? who after he had cancelled the decrees of his predecessour Formosus, caused to deterre his dead body, cut off his fingers, and lay him in the fields to be devoured with the fowles of the aire: What a beastly

Pope was Sergius the third? that after he had imprisoned Christopholus his predecessor, he caused to draw out the corps of Pope Formosus his old compeditor from the grave, and cut off his head, as though hee had beene alive. What a cruelty was shown upon John the 17. who after he was depraved his Papacy, had his eyes pulled out, his nose cut off and his members, and was hanged: What a poysonable Pope was Damasus? who poysoned his predecessour Clemens the second, to attaine the Papality, and yet dyed within a moneth there after being Pope: What a mercilesse Pope was Boniface the seventh, that after he had Rob'd Saint Peters Church and fled to Constantinople, hearing that Pope John the 14. was replaced, he returned, and pulling out his eyes, did cast him in prison, where he dyed of extreame hunger. What a persecution had Gelase borne in Gaetta neare Naples, who first by the Romanes was imprisoned, then stoned through the Citty, miserably dyed. Gregory the 8. succeeding him, was Deposed by Caliste brother to the Duke of Burgondy, who imprisoned the other, and starving him to Death, made him selfe Pope. What devotion fell out from the braines of Rome,to stone Pope Lucius the second to Death: What a shamefull division was in your Papality; for fifty yeares, when Urbanus lived Pope at Rome and his Successours; and Clemens 7. and his Successors at Avigneon. Nay, you have had three Popes at one time; even when Sigismond King of Hungary and Boheme was elected Emperour, to wit. Benedict 3. at Avigneon; Johnn 23. at Bullogna; and Gregory the twelfth at Rimini: I pray you, could every one of them open and shut the Gates of Heaven and Hell. What an Infidell, was Pope John 22. who denied the immortality of the Soule. What was Clement the 5. but open Whore munger and a drunken sot. What was Boniface the 8. he was called a Theefe,a Robber,and rooted in all unspeakable sinnes, the eight Nero of Rome. What a furious and

wicked Pope, was Julius the second? who given more to Warre then to Christ, cast Saint Peters keyes (as they call them) into Tiber. What a prophaine skoffer of Christ, was Paule the third? who lying in bed with his owne Cousin Laura Farnesia, was sore wounded by her Husband; he lay with his owne Daughter, and poysoned her Husband; and then lay with his owne sister, and after poysoned both her and his owne mother. What was Julius the third? an open Sodomite, and horrible blasphemer. What was Pope Eugenius? a damnable scandalizer of the Church, and condemned by the Counsel of Basil, for an incorrigible and wilfull Hereticke. Pope John 23. was deposed by the Counsell of Constance, for Heresie, Symony, Murther, Enchantment, Adultery, and worst of all for Sodomy. What was Pope John 13. a vilde monster in his life, committing incest with both his sisters, and fathers Concubine Stephana: Hee was a gamster, and playing at Dice, did call for helpe to the Divel, and would drinke to the Divels health; hee was repleate with all abhominable vices; at last being taken in the acte of Adultery, was wounded to Death. Boniface the 8. afore named, came to bee Pope, by cousning his predecessour Celestine, in speaking through the Wall in a Reed (as if it had beene a voyce from Heaven) admonished him to surrender his Papacy; whose Epithit was thus: (\Intravit ut Vulpes, Regnavit ut Lupus, Mortuus est ut Canis\) : He came in like a Fox, he ruled like a Wolfe, he dyed like a Dogge. At the sixt Counsell of Carthage, was not the treachery and falshood of Pope Zosimus, condignely sifted out, in corrupting for ambitious government the Counsell of Nyce. Bernard about 500. yeares agoe, complayned much of the Tyranny of popes in his time, calling them Defrauders, Raveners, Traytors, darknesse of the world, Pilats, Wolves, and Divels. Albertus Magnus affirmeth, that they who now governe their Church, are for the most part Theeves and Murtherers. And Platina, calleth some of their popes

vile Monsters, uncleane beasts, and strange creatures. And I remember it was noted by a Historian: (\Episcopos Romanos ne peccata quidem sine laude committere\) : The Popes could do nothing, were it never so mischievous, but it was commendable. And even likewise are their prime Pardons, for (\Noxas preteritas, aut futuras\) : and their future (\potestatem, tam quo ad commissa, quam quo ad committenda crimina absolvenda\) ; That his Holinesse hath all manner of power, as well to absolve them from crimes to commit, as from crimes committed. And I remember about twenty yeares ago Paulo papa Quinto, Cannonized Carolo Borrameo, the late Bishop of Milane for a notable Saint, being knowne to bee a notorious and scelerate liver: done sooner by fifteene yeares then their ordinary time, and that for the touch of forty thousand Duckats; allotting Prayers, Miracles, Pardons, and Pilgrimages to him, and erecting a new Order of Friers, and Monasteries unto him. And yet the poore Bishop of Lodi, a good and charitable liver by all reports, could never, nor cannot attayne to the dignity of a Saint, his meanes was so small when dead, and his friends so poore being alive. And how wonderfull absurd is the Popes (\Bulla di Santa Cruzada, pro defunctis\) in Purgatory; that for one Pater noster, at a Masse saying, or a Masse sayd for them: (\Sicavano fuora dalla Purgatorio, tre anime qualche ci vogliano\) , viz. You shall relieve any three soules out of Purgatory whom you please. Nay, I have seene the Popes Edict so gracious, that induring on Masse, as many Paters as you can recite, as many soules you free from thence. And thus me thinketh in one halfe yeare, he might soone empty that purging pit: Yet unlesse the Suppliant touch with his finger, during his Prayers, a gaudy beede inraveled betweene five small fast made irons, placed before the Altar; their Bulla, their payment for it; their Paters, their Devotion for their friends soules, are all lost. Then say, if peradventure, the friends of the defunct be oblivious

in this officiousnesse, and neglect both the Ceremony, and Pater noster, might not the Pope justly be reputed a cruell Monster, that for want of pattering an abridged Pater, his Cerberian Office in Hell, should detayne any poore soule in such torments, as they say are in Purgatory. Infinite passages of the like kind could I Recite, if I had longer time and larger leisure; and especially of their miraculous leyes, or leying Miracles; in erecting of falshood, and maintayning of perjury; but till a fitter occasion, I will revert to my Itinerary Discourse, and so proceede. Having left my afore-sayde friend Maister Grahame, at a Taverne at Bilbo neere to Rome, I set forward through the vaile of Ombria and the Countrey Romania, wherof Ravenna is Lady, and the Pope Lord, I arrived (the way of Ferrara and Padua) at Venice. Who then was levying an Army against the Croatian Scokes of Gradisca, and the Duke of Grasso now Emperour. Of which Army Count Mansfield was Generall, and with whom I crossed the Gulfe to Pola in Istria, and from thence to the siege of Gradisca: The discourse whereof, I have here formerly avouched in the second Part of my first Travailes. Now to speake of a Souldier, certainely hee is more then prayse-worthy and fortunate, that hath faced the Low-Countries, reviewed Briscia in Lombardy, and footed and sighted the Arsenal of Venice, then his eyes have first seene, the sonnes, the force, the policies and Kingdome of Mars: Secondly, the fiery shoppe of Vulcan, where rarest Armes and Weapons are hammer'd out upon the Anvill, for the honour of Mars; and lastly the incomparable Armory or storehouse for Sea and Land, the Meggazin and treasury of Mars. Now leaving both the Armies barking at other like to Hircanian wolves, I traced the fertile soyles of Carindia, Carneola, and Stria even to Vienna: all which were subject to the Emperour, save a part of Carneola, that groanes under the Turke. Being arrived at Vienne, I found the Towne, and the flying fame of it far different, either for

greatnesse, strength, or wealth: for the Towne rising upon a moderat height circular, is but of small compasse without, not passing two English miles. The suburbs round about, being twice as great as the Towne; and the strength of it is no way comparable to a hundred Cities that I have seene, neither is it for wealth so much to be admired, being depraved of Seas, shipping, and navigation, having onely the needfull prosperity of dry land Townes. Here I found a Turkish Ambassadour, going downe the Champion Danubio of Europe, for Constantinople; and with him one Gratianus, a Greeke his Interpreter, to whose familiar love I was much obliged; and with whom I imbarked downe the River to Presburge a place where the Hungarian Crowne is kept, and from thence discending the River to Comorre, the downemost Towne the Emperour retayneth on Danubio, I left my noble Interpreter, and traversed the Champaine Countrey. The chiefe Townes whereof I wil briefly touch, and so proceed: Buda is the capitall Citie of Hungary, wherein the Turkish Bassaw hath his residence, and was taken in by Solyman the Emperour, the twenty of August 1526. the other is the aforesaid Presburge, aunciently Bosonia; the rest are Belgrad or Albegrek, aunciently Taurinum, in Dutch Griechs: Weissenberge, that was taken by Soliman ,1520. Valpa, and Singidum, upon the Danubio, both under the Turke, and that of the seven Churches upon the River Drana taken in, in the yeare one thousand five hundred and forty three, and Zigeth taken also in the yeare one thousand five hundred sixty sixe. Moreover upon the Danubio, the Towne Strigonium commonly Grana, and Alberoyall otherwise Stulvesenburg, a place destined for the Sepultures and Coronations of the Kings of Hungary, and was taken by the Turkes, Anno 1543. Neare the same place in Stridon, where they say St. Jerome was borne: And now above all other the strong Towne of Gamorra, standing in the Ile of the Danuby of

that same name, which the Turkes have so oft besieged, yet never could surprise it. There is also Tockay, and Januarin or Rab seated too upon Danuby, a Towne as it were impregnable, yet it was overtaken by the Turkes, and lastly recovered by the Christians. The Beglerbeg of Buda, hath under his command, eight thousand Timariots, and twelve thousand common Souldiers which lye in Garrison, in continuall pay on the confines of Hungary, Croatia, and Dacia, and these confines belonging to the house of Austria: The Bassa hath under his authority 13. Sanzacks, lying at these thirteene Townes here undernamed, to wit, Novaguard, Semendria, Simontorno, Zetshen, Ecclesiae, Sirnium, Capan, Zornock, Alba Regalis, Sigedin, Mucchatz, Zegedin, and Sexard. The other Beglerbegship of Hungary is at Temesara, who retaineth under his command eight Sanzacks and as many jurisdictions, spreading his authoritie over sixe # thousand Timariots, and eight thousand foote souldiers; and these Sanzacks lying at Temesara, Lippa, Itishinad, Mudania, &c. The great Turke hath eight Beglerbegs or Bassawes under him in Europe, that of Bosna being one of them, who commandeth ten Sanzacks and eight thousand Timariots; the residence of which Bassa is at Bagivialezza, a commodious place lying in the midst of circulating Provinces; over which he spreads the Ballucco of the power. The soyle of Hungary aboundeth infinitly in all things the earth can produce for the well of man; and produceth admirable good Wines, the best whereof grow neare and about the Towne of Sirmia, and so sweet, that they may compare with the Wines of Candy, yea, and aboundeth in all kind of bestiall, that it is thought this Kingdome may furnish all Europe with Beefe and Mutton. The Hungarians are descended of the Hunnes, a people of Scythia or Tartary. The auncient Inhabitants divided their habitations in nine circles, which the Germanes named Hagyes, and impaled them with high walles, made

of earth and wood, being twenty foote high, and as much in breadth, being rampierd with divers Bulwarks and Towers of earth, whereon grew all sorts of hearbes, and fructiferous trees. The space from side to side of each one of these circles, amounted to twenty Dutch miles; the Townes, Villages and houses being within, and so contrived, that each one was within cry of another: this was the first admirable plantation of the Hunnes in this Kingdome. The Hungarians have ever beene thiftuous, treacherous and false, so that there one brother will hardly trust another, which infidelity among themselves and distracted deceitfull governours, was the chiefest cause of their # overthrow and subjection under Infidels: And so have corrupt Counsellors, and insolent Princes beene the ruine of their owne Kingdomes; for if we would have a Prince fit to governe others, and to direct him selfe with the square rules of wisdome and judgement, to know how to become all places, and to use all fortunes; let him bind his tender youth with a disposition temperd with sadnesse: for such a man can neither seduce his minority with ill examples, nor marre his waxen age with a false impression, too common a condition of these dissolute times. Now as for the Hungar soyle, and Kingdome it selfe, and for the goodnes of it, it may be tearmed the girnell of Ceres, the Garden of Bachus, the Pastorage of Pan, and the richest beauty of Silvan: for I found the Wheat here growing higher then my head, the Vines over locking the trees, the Grasse jusling with my knees, and the highsprung Woods, threatning the clouds: surely if I should enter on particulars here, I have more subject to worke upon, than any Kingdome that ever I saw: The Kingdome is divided in two parts, the higher and the lower, the lowest, largest, and best is under the Turke, and the other narrow proportion under the Emperour. The Hungarian miles are the longest upon earth, for every one of theirs, is sixe of our Scots miles, nine English: so that the most that ever I could travell there

in one day, was but sixe miles: Their language hath no affinity with any other kind of speech, and yet the gratest part of the Countrey both under the Turke and Emperour are Protestants, and are the best of all the rest, the other being Arians and Papists. There is a great Gentry in this Kingdome, but untravelled abroad, farre lesse mannerly at home, being luxurious and ill taught, and damnably given to that Masculine misery, the whole Southerne World is defiled with. Having now traversed all the Countrey to Grana, and so to Gatterad in Valechia, I found the Country so covered with Woods, and them full of Murtherers (for I was robbed on these confines, and hardly saved my life) I was constrayned I say, to returne to Tockai in the higher Hungary, and from thence in one day I stepped into Transilvania. This Countrey is so environed with high and unpassable mountaines about, that there is but only five entries to come into it, which make it so strong and impregnable: Within there is rich bottome or plaine of thirty miles long, and sixe broad, being beautified with six faire Townes; the chiefest whereof, are Cromestate, Juliastrad, and Hermestat. The sides of the mountaynes within rise all upward halfe levell way even to the tops, which maketh a pleasant and prospective Countrey, and the best mixt soyle of Europe: For on the incircled plaine, there groweth nothing but Wheat, Rye, Barley, Pease, and Beanes: And on the halfe, or lower parts of the Hills about, nothing but Wines, and infinite Villages; and toward the extreame circulary heights, only Pastorage for Kine, Sheepe, Goates, and Horses, and thickets of woods: So fram'd that every one supplieth another, for they of the Valley furnish the other two parts with Victuall, and they againe them with Wines, Bestiall, Butter, and Cheese; each interchanging all necessary things with one another as they need. Here I found every where kind and familiar people; yea, and the very Vulgars speaking frequent Latine, and so commonly doe all the Hungarians.

The Inhabitants here are all Protestants, but for their Vayvod or Prince Bethlem Gabor, I saw him not, for hee was lying sicke of a Feaver at Juliastrad: This Province is a free Principality, and notwithstanding adherent in some respect to authority of the Turke. But now having left this Religious Country, and crossing the North passage of the Hils, called the Borean Berger, or North mountaine, I entred in Moldovia; where for my welcome in the midst of a border-Wood, I was beset with six murderers, Hungarians and Moldavians: where having with many prayers save my life, they robbed mee of threescore Hungar Duccats of gold, and all my Turkish clothes, leaving me stark naked; save onely they returned to me my Patents, Papers, and Seales. This done, and for their better security, they caryed mee a little out of the way, and bound my naked body fast about the middle to an Oaken tree, with wooden ropes, and my armes backward so likewise: swearing to me, that if I cryed for helpe, or marred them of their designes before the Sun set, they would turne backe and kill me; promising then to set me free. But night come, and I forgotten, was left here in a trembling feare, for Wolves and wild Boares till the morrow; where at last by Gods providence I was relieved in the morning by a company of Heards: who clothing me with an old long coat of theirs, and refreshing me with meat; one of them caryed me five leagues unto the Lord of the ground, and Baron of Starhulds a Moldavian Protestant, with whom I stayed fifteene dayes: And was more than repaired of all my losses, by his owne bounty, and Noble Kinsmen, his neighbouring friends, and would not suffer mee to goe any further in the Countrey, because of the Turkes jealousie over strangers, in regard it was but lately wrested from a Christian Prince, with whom I was conversant at Constantinople in Sir Thomas Glover, the Ambassadours house. Well, I yeeld to the Noble mans counsell, and giving him all dutifull thankes for his kind regards, he sent a

guide with mee for two dayes journey through a part of Podolia, the upmost Countrey of Polland, bordering with Tartary. The halfe of which Countrey I found left disinhabited and desolat by incursions of Tartarians. Here I determined to have entered in Tartary, but finding no conduct nor assurance of my safety, I continued my course to Crocavia, situat on the upper Frontiers of Polland bordering with Hungary. Tartary is thought to be sixe hundred leagues in length, confining Eastward with China, to the South with the Caspian Sea, to the North with Russia, and to the West with Podolia, and Moldavia. The Tartars are not expert in Warre, neither are they so valerous as the Turkes, nor so manly as the Polonians, who counter-blow them at rancounters; neverthelesse by stealth of inroades, they mightily suppresse the extreamest parts of Polland. The Turkes tearme the Cham or Emperour of Tartary, Vlakim, that is a great Prince, and the Moscovites call him (\Catzar Cataiski\) , to wit, the Caesar of Cataia: And hee is so obeyed and reverenced among the Tartars, that they intitulate him the sonne of God, the man of God, and the soule of God: yea, and the greatest Oath that they thinke can be sworne, which they usually doe in matters of fidelite and importance, is by his Throne Royall. This custome of idolatrous obeysance, came first by one Rangavistah, who being chosen to their Emperour, would try their promptnesse and goodwill of obedience towards him, commanding seven of his chiefest Princes, and head Governours under him of the people, to kill their Infants, with their owne hands. And notwithstanding the Commandement seemed very rude and intollerable, yet they fearing the common people, who esteeme their Emperours to be the divine Kinsmen (as it were) of God; they did cut the throats every one of them, of their owne Children, before his owne eyes, and the sight of the people.

Insomuch that ever since, the life and death of the Tartars, depend upon the good-will and word of the King, which no way they dare contradict, such is the ignorant reverence they carry toward him. As for the idolatrous Rites they use at his Death, in inclosing or interring quicke in a Vault neere to his Tombe, one of every Office that he loved best, being alive, to goe serve him in Paradice; I will not meddle with it, neither with the Vulgars Superstition, who Religiously feast upon the Corpes of their aged Parents, and then doe burne their bones into ashes, giving them such a buriall, as we give our Witches; for indeede the Wormes come short among the dead Tartars of their foode. Being arrived in Crocko or Crocavia, the capitall City of Polland (though but of small importance) I met with diverse Scotish Merchants, who were wonderfull glade of mine arrival there, especially the two brothers Dicksones, men of singular note for honesty and Wealth. It was my lucke heere, to bee acquainted with Count du Torne, the first Noble-man of Boheme, who had newly broake out of Prison in Prage, and fled hither from Bohemia for safety. Mathias then being Emperour, against whom hee had highly offended in boasting him in his Bed-Chamber with hard and intollerable speeches: Saying to Mathias in his face, and before his Wife the Empresse: Loe there is the right hand that helped to put the Imperial Crowne on thy head, and behold now there is my foote shall strike it off againe. This Fugitive Earle stayed me with him ten dayes to discourse, and beare him Company, for then hee had but onely one follower that came post with him: I found him Princely disposed in all things, and very familiar in his cariage: At last his trayne and treasure comming with many other Bohemian Barons and Gentlemen his friends, I humbly left him, and touching at Lubilina where the Judges of Polland sit for halfe the yeare, I arrived at Warsow, the resident place for the King Sigismond who had newly married the other Sister of his former Wife

being both Sisters to this Ferdinando now Emperour: A match I dare say more fit for the savage Sabuncks of Lybia, than for a Christian Prince or shepheard. But it is no matter Pope Paulus Quintus gave him licence, and in that liberty,a wide passage to Purgatory: who, when dead that incestuous guilt will bee royally purged; loe there his pontificall absolution. Betweene Crocavia, and Warsow Lubilina; lying halfe way it is a hundred Pollonian miles or French leagues: Here I found abundance of gallant rich Merchants my Countrey-men, who were all very kind to me, and so were they by the way in every place where I came, the conclusion being ever sealed with deepe draughts, and God be with you. Polland is a large and mighty Kingdome, puissant in Horse-men, and populous of strangers; being charged with a proud Nobility, a familiar and manly Gentry, and a ruvidous vulgarity: They are all for the most part, of square and thicke bodies, having Bull-necks, great thighes and legs, grim and broad faces, and commonly their shaven heads are finely covered with overthwarting strokes of crooked shables: for they, and the Armenians of Asia are of stature and thicknesse the biggest, and grossest people the world affoordeth. The soyle is wonderfull fruitfull of Cornes, so that this Countrey is become the Girnell of Westerne Europe for all sorts of graine, besides Honey, Waxe, Flaxe, Iron, and other commodities: And for auspicuousnesse, I may rather tearme it to be a Mother and Nurse, for the youth and younglings of Scotland, who are yearely sent hither in great numbers, than a proper Dame for her owne birth; in cloathing, feeding, and inriching them with the fatnesse of her best things; besides thirty thousand Scots families, that live incorporate in her bowells. And certainely Polland may be tearmed in this kind, to be the mother of our Commons, and the first commencement of all our best Merchants wealth, or at the least most part of them. And now ceasing to peramble through any moe particulars

of this familiar Nation to us, I was kindly transported from Warsow upon a Waggon to Dansick, being fifty leagues distant, with a Generous young Merchant William Bailey my cliddisdale Countrey man, to whose courtesies I still rest thankfull. Here in Dansick I fell deadly sicke for three weekes space, insomuch that my Grave and Tombe was prepared by my Countrey-men there. Neverthelesse in end (it pleased almighty God) I recovered my health, and then imbarked for Alseynure in Denmarke, where being better convalessed, I recoursed backe in a Flemish Pink to Stockhollem: where after five or sixe dayes being there, and finding my sicknesse like to returne againe, and fearing the worst, I made hast for England. At last finding the commodity of an English shippe belonging to Ratcliffe, wee hoysed sayle, and set froward through the sound, or Belticke Sea for Alseynure agayne: Whence after three dayes abode, bidding farwell to that tributary Towne and Castle, wee Coasted the scurrile and Rockey face of Norway, at two severall parts, but not without great stormes, and contrary Windes, yea and once finally indangered with a threatening shipwracke, which with good lucke we happily escaped. These tempestuous dangers past, upon the seaventh day the winds refavouring us, wee safely arrived at London, from whence I first began Voyage, and there ended my second Peregination. (\Magnum virtutis principium est, ut dixit paulatim exercitatus animus visibilia & transitoria primum Commutare, ut post-modum possit derelinquere. Delicatus ille est adhuc, cui patria dulcis est, fortis autem jam cui omne solum patria est: perfectus vero, cui mundus exilium est.\) THE END OF THE SECOND BOOKE, OF MY SECOND TRAVAILES. [^CORRESPONDENCE OF SIR PATRICK WAUS OF BARNBARROCH, KNIGHT, 1540-1597. ED. BY ROBERT VANS AGNEW. EDINBURGH: DAVID DOUGLAS, 1882. PP. 396-400 (A JOURNAL)^]

[} A Journal of Sir PATRICK WAUS's Journey when he went Ambassador to Denmark, and came from it, 30th May 1587 . }] The forme and maner of our procedens in oure Voyage in Ambassadie to Denmark fra our leife taiking fra the K. Ma=te= # our master, quhilk vas at Halryrouidhous the 25 of May at ane efternone or thairby, Anno 1587; and remainit in Edy=r= # awaittyn the wind to tyesday thereaftir, quhilkis vas the penult of May and com that nycht to Leyth, quhair we remainit till 9 houris upon the morne, quhilkis the last of May 1587. Upon Wedensday, quhilk vas the last of May, ve tuik chip, and lovsit, and twik saill the said day abovit 11 houris # befoyr none vyth fayr vynd till Settyrday, that the vind contrareit # uss, quhilk vas the 3 of Junii, and come that day to ane sovund in Norway callit rosbov, quhayr ve remanit that nycht, and upon the morne, quhilk vas the 4 of Junii, we lovsit from resbov, # and come to Elsoneuy=r= upone fouyrsday at 8 houris at evyn, or thairby, quhilk vas the 8 of the said moonathe, and come that nycht to Ricardus Weddyrburnes hoviss at Elsoneuyr in Denmark. and upon the morne, the 9 of Junii, the Capitano of the Castell of Croneburge, and Phalrik Boyall, toylmastyr, send to uss, and desyrit our namis, the namis of our Gentillmen and servandis, and quhow mony ve var in tryne, to the effek thay mycht adverteise the K. of Denmark thair Mastyr, for sua thay haid command to do. And lyik as ve did geif our namis, vyth the namis of the Gentillmen and servandis to the numer of 44, or thairby, and send thame to the toylmastyr upon Fryday, quhilk vas the said 9 day. and because the said K. of Denmark haid past of elsoneuyr 3 or 4 dayss befoyr our arreval to Andyrskov, 17 duche mylis thairfra, ve avittit upon the K. anser till mouninday 8 dayis thaireftir, quhilk come to vss be

Gerardus ranzoo quhilk the 18 of Junii, and declairit to vss that it vas the K. mynd that ve suld pass to Andyrskov, quhayr the K. vas at the present; And that It vas the K. vill that ve suld begyne and taik our jornay upone fryday nixt thaireftyr, quhilk vas the 23 of the said moonathe of Junii, and that vee var ordanit to be that nycht In coipman hovyne, Lykas ve var; and shew vss the K. haid commandit the rentmastyr to furneyss vss wagance for ourselfis, our haill compane, and coffyiris, # Lykas It was done to the nvmer of 30 vagance dalye, or thairby. and upone settyrday, quhilk vas the 24 of Junii, ve past fra # Coipman hovyne to rosgvill, quhilkis 4 dens mylis thairfra, And there ramanit that nycht, and upone the morne, quhilk vas sounday the 25 of Junii, ve past to remesteid, quhilkis uthir 4 dens myllis, quhair ve ramanit that nycht, and vas upone the K. expensis; quhilk vas ane fayr abay bot now maid in ane castell of the K.; bot ve mycht haif beyne bettyr cheip twa nycht # upone our avyn expensis nor that ane nycht, in respect of the # revardis geifen as is accustomett vyse of strangeris. and upon Mouninday, quhilkis the 26 of Junii, we come to Andyrskov quhilkis be 2 eftyrnone, quhilkis vther 4 dens myllis distant thairfra; and shortlie eftyr our arryvell thair ve derrekit # M=r= David Myrtone, quha haid the duche langage, to the Chancellar, (Nicolaus Kaos) to desyir hys (ll) to declayr the K. Ma=te= ve # var comyn thayr, as the K. Ma=te= haid appointet our dyettis, and that he vald desyir the K. Ma=te= ve micht haife his presens # upone the morne; Lyck as the Chancellar did, and send to vss abovit 4 houris that day ane Doctor callit Paspclay, quha in the K. name velcumit vss verray hartlie, and eftyr our conference, # and lytill befoyr his leife taikyn, declarit to vss that ve suld # haife presens of the K. Ma=te= upone the morne, and he vas verray # glaid of our cumyn; and geif ve haid ane guid anser to geif anent Orknay, he dovittit nocht all uthir thingis we had ado, or # vald requeiyr of the K. Ma=tie=, suld be verray thankfullie # ressavit, and vald be grantit; and sua he twik his leife as for that nycht. Upon tyisday the 27, the Chancellar, Nicolayus Kaos, derekit ane servand of his to vss be 6 houris at morne, or thairby, to

schaw vss that the K. ma=tie= was evill at eyss, and haid sayr teyth and that he, and sum uthirs of the Consell, vas derekit # to vss to confer with vss upon sik effaris as ve var cumin for, # and vald be shortlie at vss be 8 houris or thairby, Lyik as the # said Chancellar, monser Mandrop and Below, and the said Doctor Pasclay, quha at the cumin welcumit us in the K. name verray hartlie, and shew to us that albey=t= Doctor Pasclay shewit # uss the nycht befoyr that ve suld haife haid presens of the K. # that day, yit in respect of the K. diseyss of his sayr theytht ve behuiffit to tak patience quhyll the K. war bettyr, and # thaireftyr ve suld haife presens; and in the meyne tyme thay var derekitt to confer with vss in ony sic thing as ve haid to # propone, and that fyrst it vas the K. vill to begyne at the mater of Orknay. We anserit and said eftir our advyssment, that the K. our mastyr haid onlye derekit vss to the K. ma=te= of Denmark, and # to na vthir in his cuntre, and onto the tyme we haid presens of the K. Ma=te=, and had delyuerit to hym the K. our mastyris # lettre, we culd nocht confer our erand to na vthir. And as for the mater of Orknay, ve haid na Commissione thairof. bot at the tyme appontit, quhilk as yit was nocht cumyn, we douit nocht but the samin suld haif anser as appartenit, and thairfor at # that present we haid na commissione to traitt thairof. and fardor ve desyrit that, gafe it mycht be the K. plesour that we mycht haif conference vyth me L Chancllar his alleyne, ve vald # declayr to his L fardor of our mynd; and thairto ve haid ane lettre of the K. ma=te= our mastyr to delyuer his L, and at our # conference he suld knaw fardor of our erand; quha all fovyr drev apart, # as ve did on the vthir syid, and eftyr thair conference comme to vss, and said me L. Chancellar culd nocht confer vyth vss quhill he haid fyrst schavyn it to the K. ma=tie=, and to # haife his advyis thair-unto, and quhoo sone he said spokyn the K. his mastyr he suld aduerteyss vss quhat vas the K. vill concernyng our desyir, and eftyr sum vthir generall towin thay twik thair leif, and past to the Castell, quhayr the K. and the Consell # was at that present, and schew quhat vas ressonit amangis vss.

Sua sone eftyr dinner the Chancellar send his servand to # vss to declayr that he vas to cum schortlie to vss be 2 houris eftyrnone, and to confer vyth vss as ve desyrit; and before 3 houris the Chancellar com as he appontit, sua ve thankit his L verray hairtlie of his taikyn of panis to cum to vss, and # conferrit vyth his L in generall, and sine delyuerit him the K. ma=tie= our masteris messive, and vyth his ma=ties= # commendatiouns and thankis for his panis tane the last yeir in his mat=es= # effaris; quha ressauit the K. our masteris messive verray hartlie, and # said to vss quhat he culd do in ony soyrte, aythyr be his travell # or Consell, to the forderence of quhat sumeuer erand the K. our Master haid to do, he vald do the sam vyth all his haill harte # to the vytrmest of his pouer, and in speciall at the K. of # Denmark his masteris handis. Sua undystandyn the guid vill and effektione he haid to the K. our master, and quhat travell he twik the last yeir in the # K. our masteris effaris, ve schew that ve haid sum secreit to # declayr to the K. ma=te= of Denmark, bot he haid command of the K. our master nocht to declayr it except we vndyrstuid our desyr mycht taik effek; and that ve haid command fyrst to trye secreitlie the K. of Denmarkis mynd thayrinto, and to knaw as far of his ma=ties= mynd as ve mycht befoyr ve suld propone # the mater. and becaus ve haid delyuerit his L the K. our mastyris messive, and that we vndyrstuid his L secreitness, ve vald sumpart schaw his L a part of our erand, sua his L vald # promeis that na vthir suld be participant thairof, except onlye the K. ma=te=, and that me [\we\] mycht the bettyr vndyrstand the K. # his mastyris mynd in our beseness. quhaa upon his fayth and honour promesit to keip all secreit that ve vald declayr, and none suld knaw be him, saife ony the K. his master, quhatt ve haid to desyir. And vpon this promeyss ve begucht to inqueyr at his L geif that Madame Elezabethe the K. eldest dochtyr wes in guid helthe, and geife schoo was contractit and promesit to ony at that tyme; quha said to vss schoo vas vyth the rest of the K. barnis in zettland, and vpon his honour as he knev was

nathyr contractit, nor promesit, nor spokyn for, and promesit # to lat vss vndyrstand geife ony sik thing haid beyn spokyn to the K. his mastyr as schortlie as he convenientlie mycht gett # tyme, and sua twik his leif for that nycht. And as he haid cumyn to the Castell to speik vyth the K., the K. vas at his super, and # the Chancellar Rammell vas cumyn ovit of Dvcheland fra the Dvik of Sax, quha vas at the Baptyme of ane sone to the Dvik of Sax in the K. name, and held the K. att the supper, and mykyll of that nycht in porposs, sua that the Chancellar Kaoss culd gett na lasour to speik of ony porposs to the K. ma=te= quhyll # on the morne, and quhoo sone he had spokyn the k ma=te= in the # morninge he vreitt to vss vyth ane servand of his awin, schavyn vss of the K. mynd. And as ve thocht nocht in forme as derek as vass desyrit, and vreit anser to his L that. upone the quhilk his L com to vss at eftyrnone, quhilkis vas vednisday, and declarit vss that the K. vas sumpart bettyr nor he vas, and # that he haid commandit hym to declayr ve suld [\haif\] presens of # the K. the morne; and als ve var desyrit to dyne vyth his ma=te=, # and that ve suld be reddy to pass to the Castell about 8 houris vpone the morne, and that 2 of the Consell vald cum for us abovit that hour, and that ve suld be verray velcum to the K. ma=te=, quha vald schav vss guid contenence, as he did. sua # for that nycht thay procedit na farder, and sua the Chancellar twik his leif. upone the morne, quhilk was fvyrsday, the 28 of Junii, the Chancellar Kaos send to vss be 6 houris at morne to declayr vss that 2 of the Consell vald be at vss be 8 houris # to convoy vss to the Castell, quhair ve suld haife presens of the K. ma=te=, and alss that we suld tare and dyne thayr Lyik as eftyr 9 houris Monser Mandrop and Belov com to vss, and brocht 3 coverit vaganis, and declayrit vss it ves the K. will ve suld pas to the Castell to the effek foyrsaid; sua, eftyir salutationes maid ve past vyth thame and enterit in the vaganis and past to the castell, quhair or ve enterit in the Castell we saw the K. men of vayr, pairt standand without the yett, and utherss within the yett in the cloyss, sua that ve # var convoyit be the said Mandrop and Belov to the K. Hall. [^THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY AND DIARY OF MR. JAMES MELVILLE, MINISTER OF KILRENNY, IN FIFE, ... WITH A CONTINUATION OF THE DIARY. ED. R. PITCAIRN. WODROW SOCIETY. EDINBURGH 1842. SAMPLE 1: PP. 13.19-38.3 SAMPLE 2: PP. 323.1-330.3 SAMPLE 3: PP. 414.24-424.2^]

[^THE TEXT IS PRECEDED BY A QUOTATION FROM THE BIBLE.^] I knawe a man in Chryst, brought from the wombe of his # mother be God, the 25 day of the monethe July, (dedicat of auld to S. James the Apostle and Martyr,) in the yeir of our Lord 1556; # wha, for thankfulness of hart, to the praise and honour of his # gratius God and deir father in Chryst, and for edification and comfort of # his childring, and sic as sall reid the saming heirefter, is movit # to sett down, in monument of wryt, the benefets of God bestowit on # him sen his first conception and day of his birthe foremarked; sa # far, at leist, as his weak understanding and freall memorie in # maters that ar esteimed of importance can conceave and recompt. # Whowbeit,

as I haiff professed, in the words of the Psalme with David, that the smalest of his unknawin benefits passes the graittest reatche of my apprehension and utterance. And, first, God wald haiff me begottin of godlie, fathfull, # and honest parents, bathe lightned with the light of the gospell, # at the first dawning of the day thairof within Scotland, knawing and # beleving that Covenant of Grace, and sa the seid of the fathfull, # expreslie mentioned in that Covenant, quhilk assures mie of the benefit thairof, yea of that root and weal-spring of all his # benefites, my eternall election in his Chryst befor the foundation of the # warld. These parents, be name, war Richard Melvill of Baldowy, and # Isobell Scrymgeour, sistar to the Lard of Glaswell for the tyme. My said father, brought upe in letters from his youthe, and # gentlemanie effeares till he was past twentie yeirs of age, therefter chosine paedagog to James Erskine appeirand of Donne, he past with him to Germanie, whar he remeaned at the studie of # letters, namlie, Theologie; first with Doctor Macabeus, in Denmark, and thairefter a heirar of Philip Melancton in Wittenberg, be the # space of twa yeirs. Of the grait mercie of God, haiffing the happe # of sic maisters as war the graittest lights of that age within # the countrey, in the toun of Montrose, and companie of that Lard of Donne, and the maist godlie, lerned, and noble Scots Martyre, Mr George Wyshart, and these nominant in Germanie. And the Lord blessing the seid sawin be tham in his hart, at last, soone # efter the first Reformation of Religion, thrust him out into his # hervest, and placed him Minister of his Evangell at the kirk of Mariton, a # myle from Montrose, harde adjacent to his awin house and roum of # Baldowy; in the quhilk he continowed fathfullie unto his lyffes end. He died the 53 yeir of his age, (in the moneth of Junie,) # [\What is within brackets is supplied on the margin of the # MS.\] (\anno\) 1575, in a icterik fevar, maist godlie; for efter manie most # comfortable exhortationes maid to the noble and gentle men of the cowntrey, wha all resorted to visit him during his disease, # and to

his breither and frinds wha remeaned about him, about the # verie hour of his deathe, he caused reid to him the 8 chapter of the Epistle to the Romans, and immediatlie efter his brother, Mr # James, minister of Arbrothe, asking him, what he was doing? Lifting # upe eyes and handis toward heavin, with reasonable might of voice, # he answerit, "I am glorifeing God for the light of his gospell, # and resting in assurance of his sweit promises of lyff maid unto # mie, in my Saviour, the Lord Jesus Chryst;" and na ma intelligible # words thairefter. He was a man of rare wesdome, judgment, and # discretion; and, therfor, mikle imployed in the trysts and effeares of the noble and gentle men of the countrey, quhilk distracted him # fra his calling, hinderit his vertew, and schortened his lyff. The # recompence quhilk he had was estimation and affection of all. Ther was nane of his rank, and verie few above it, that was sa honored # and loven as he: quhilk kythed specialie at his buriall, and hes # bein often tauld me be men of all degries sen syne. My mother died about a thrie quarters, or at least within a # yeir, efter I was born; a woman exceidinglie belovit of hir # housband's frinds and nibours. I haiff divers tymes hard, when my # father-breither Roger, Jhone, Mr James and Robert, could nocht satisfie tham selves in comending hir godlines, honestie, vertew, and # affection toward thame. And I haiff often hard Mr Andro say, that he being a bern verie seiklie, was maist lovinglie and tenderlie # treated and cared for be hir, embrasing him and kissing him oftentymes, with these words, "God giff me an uther lad lyk thie, and syne # tak me to his rest!" Now sche haid haid twa laddies befor me, # wharof the eldest was dead; and betwix him and the second, sche bure thrie lasses; sa, in end, God granted hir desyre, and gaiff # hir an, wha wald to God he war als lyk to Mr Andro in gifts of mynd as he is thought to be in proportion of bodie and lineaments of # face; for ther is nane, that is nocht utherwayes particularlie # informed, bot taks me for Mr Andro's brother. The nixt benefit is of my education, till I cam to the age # of a

man, and entered in my calling, wharin als manie moments, als manie benefits; bot the maist remarkable, to my judgement and # memorie, I will record. And first, in generall, to the praise of my # heavinlie parent, I man confess, with David, "My mother has now left mie, bot Jehova hes receavit mie;" and with Esai, "The mother hes forgat the fruit of hir wombe, bot the Lord hes rememberit # me alwayes!" I haid an evill-inclyned woman to my nuris; # therefter speaned and put in a cottar hous, and about four or fyve yeir # auld brought hame to a step-mother; yit a verie honest burges of # Montros [\"Robert Clark," supplied by the author on the # margin.\] hes oft tauld me, that my father wald ley me down on my bak, pleying with mie, and lauche at me because I could nocht # ryse, I was sa fatt; and wald ask mie what ealed mie: I wald answer, "I am sa fatt I may nocht geang." And trewlie sen my # rememberance, I cam never to the place bot God moved sum an with a motherlie affection towardis me. About the fyft yeir of my # age, the Grate Buik was put in my hand, and when I was seavine, lytle # thairof haid I lernit at hame; therfor my father put my eldest and # onlie brother, David, about a year and a halff in age above me, and # me togidder, to a kinsman and brother in the ministerie of his, # to scholl, a guid, lerned, kynd man; whome for thankfulnes I name, Mr # Wilyam Gray, minister at Logie-Montrose. He haid a sistar, a godlie and honest matron, rewlar of his hous, wha often rememberit me # of my mother, and was a verie loving mother to us, indeid. Ther # was a guid nomber of gentle and honest men's berns of the cowntrey about, weill treaned upe bathe in letters, godlines, and # exerceise of honest geames. Ther we lerned to reid the Catechisme, Prayers, and Scripture; to rehers the Catechisme and Prayers (\par # ceur\) ; also nottes of Scripture, efter the reiding thairof; and ther first # I fand, (blysed be my guid God for it!) that Sprit of sanctification # begining to work sum motiones in my hart, even about the aught and nynt yeir of my age; to pray going to bed and rysing, and # being in the fields alan to say ower the prayers I haid lernit with a # sweit moving in my heart; and to abhore swearing, and rebuk and # complean

upon sic as I hard swear. Wherunto the exemple of that godlie matron, seiklie, and giffen to read and pray in hir # bed, did mikle profit me; for I ley in hir chamber and heard hir # exerceises. We lerned ther the Rudiments of the Latin Grammair, withe the vocables in Latin and Frenche; also dyverse speitches in # Frenche, with the reiding and right pronunciation of that toung. We # proceidit fordar to the Etymologie of Lilius and his Syntax, as also a # lytle of the Syntax of Linacer; therwith was joyned Hunter's # Nomenclatura, the (\Minora Colloquia\) of Erasmus, and sum of the Eclogs of Virgill and Epistles of Horace; also Cicero his Epistles # (\ad Terentiam\) . He haid a verie guid and profitable form of resolving the # authors; he teatched grammaticallie, bathe according to the Etymologie and Syntax; bot as for me, the trewthe was, my ingyne and memorie war guid aneuche, bot my judgment and understanding war as yit smored and dark, sa that the thing quhilk I gat was mair be rat ryme nor knawlage. Ther also we haid the aire guid, and fields reasonable fear, and be our maister war teached to # handle the bow for archerie, the glub for goff, the batons for # fencing, also to rin, to loope, to swoom, to warsell to preve pratteiks, # everie ane haiffing his matche and andagonist, bathe in our lessons and # play. A happie and golden tyme, indeid, giff our negligence and # unthankfullnes haid nocht moved God to schorten it, partlie be deceying of the number, quhilk caused the maister to weirie, and partlie # be a pest quhilk the Lord, for sinne and contempt of his Gospell, # send upon Montrose, distant from Over Logie bot twa myles; sa that scholl skalled, and we war all send for and brought hame. I was at that scholl the space of almost fyve yeirs, in the quhilk # tyme, of publict news I remember I hard of (the mariage of Hendrie and Marie, King and Quein of Scots), [\This supplied on margin of # MS.\] Seingnour Davie's slauchter, of the King's mourder at the Kirk of Field, of the Quein's taking # at Carbarri, and the Langsyd feild. Wherof reid Mr Bowchannan Cornicle, lib. 17, 18, 19.

Even at that tyme, me thought the heiring of these things # moved me, and stak in my hart with sum joy or sorrow, as I hard they might helpe or hender the Relligion: Namelie, I remember the # ordour of the fast keipit (\in anno\) 1566; the evill handling of the # ministerie be taking away of their stipends; for Mr James Melvill, my # uncle, and Mr James Balfour, his cusing-german, bathe ministers and # stipendles, with guid, godlie, and kynd Patrick Forbes of Cors. The Lard of Kinnaber, and the godlie and zealus gentlemen of the # countrey, partlie for thair bernes' cause, and partlie for that notable # instrument in the Kirk of Scotland, Jhone Erskine of Done, Superintendent of Merns and Angus, his residence in Logy at certean tymes, did oftentymes frequent our hous, and talk of sic # maters. Also, I remember weill whow we past to the head of the muir to # sic the fyre of joy burning upon the stiple head of Montrose, (at # the day of the King's birthe). [\On margin of MS.\] These things # I mark for the grait benefit of that place and companie, wherin the Lord wald haiff me treaned upe in my first and tender age. Now, when my brother and I war come hame, our father # examined us,and was glad to sie that we had profited reasonablie: Now, when my brother and I war come hame, our father # examined us, and was glad to sie that we had profited reasonablie: Nevertheless, the esteat of the countrey was sa uncertain and troublesome, the moyen he haid (wanting his awin stipend, and helping diverse that wanted of his breithring) bot mean and # small, and the occasione of scholles nocht serving, we remeaned a # wintar at hame, rememberit of our buiks bot now and then, as our # father haid leaser, quhilk was bot verie seindle. Yit the Lord # sufferit nocht that tyme to be fruittles nather, bot I remember therin # twa benefites; ane the reiding of the Storie of the Scripture that # wintar, quhilk stak in my mynd; and of David Lindsayes book, quhilk my eldest sistare, Isbel, wald reid and sing, namlie, # concerning the letter judgment, the peanes of hell, and the joyes of heavin, # wherby scho wald caus me bathe greit and be glad. I lovit hir, # therfor, exceiding deirlie, and scho me by the rest. Scho schew me a # day, amangs uthers, a ballet sett out in print against ministers, # that for want of stipend left thair charge, beginning -

Who so do put hand to the pleuche, And therfra bakward goes; The Scripture maks it plean aneuche, My kingdom is nocht for those, &c. With this scho burst furthe in teares, and sayes, "Alas! what # will com of thir at that letter day? God keip my father, and Mr # James Melvill, and Mr James Balfour, fra this!" And efter, cryes out # the verses of Davie Lindsay:- Alas! I trimble for to tell The terrible torments of the hell; That peanful pit who can deplore? Quhilk sall endure for evermore. With hir speitches and teares sche maid me to quak and chout bitterlie, quhilk left the deipest stampe of God's fear in my # hart of anie thing that ever I haid hard befor. I was giffen to a # bernlie evill and dangerus use of pyking; the quhilk sche perceaving, # of purpos gaiff me the credit of the key of hir kist, and haiffing # sum small silver in a lytle schottle, I tuk sum of it, thinking # sche sould not haiff misset it. Bot be that occasion sche enterit sa upon # me with sa soar threatnings, and therwithall sa sweit and loving # admonition and exhortations, that I thank thie, my God, I absteinit from it all my dayes therefter; and wherever I was, giff I could # haiff gotten anie thing to by, worthie of hir, I was accustomed to # send it hir, (in taken of our affectioun) [\Margin of MS.\] sa lang # as sche leivit. This benefit I haid of God, by hir meanes, that wintar, for incress of his # fear and honestie of lyff. The uther was for civill conversation and prudence. My # father, that wintar, put in our hands Palingenius, wherin he delyted # mikle him self; injoyning to us, at his rydings fra ham, to lern sa # manie verses (\par ceur\) . Therby I lernt weill, and ever keipit in # memorie,

for daylie practise sen syne, these precepts for winning of # heartes, concielliating of affectiones, and peacable conversation, # quhilk he hes in Cancro from these verses following to the end of the # buik:- [^LATIN VERSE^] Onlie a thing in the end, (quhilk he wald nocht haiff us to # lern,) for subtill revenge is nocht Christian, bot yit maist neidfull to # be market, it is sa in use in the warld in this our age, and esteimed a # mean point of prudence: [^LATIN VERSE^] Machiavel him selff could nocht haiff prescryvit it sa # weill as I haiff knawin it practised in this countrey; and as yit it is # working on: God mak us simple as doves, and wyse as serpents! I thank God fra my heart, that maid me to ken it fra my youthe to be # war of it, bot nocht to use it, as I bles my Chryst I deteast all # revenge as devillrie, and namlie serpentine. About the spring tyme, my father resolved to keipe my eldar brother at hame withe him, to lern him housbandrie and # experience of the wardlie lyff, now almost past from the age of bernheid; # and to send me to the scholl againe for a yeir or twa, that # therefter he might acquent me also with housbandrie, and prepear for me a roum; and that becaus he nather saw the meanes to mak us attein to sic lerning as we might live upon, nor when we haid gottin it, anie sure interteinment in the countrey for it. Sa I was # put to the scholl of Montrose; finding, of God's guid providence, my

auld mother, Marjorie Gray, wha parting from hir brother at # his mariage, haid taken upe hous and scholl for lasses in # Montrose; to hir I was welcome againe as her awin sone. The maister of the scholl, a learned, honest, kynd man, whom also for thankfulnes # I name, Mr Andro Miln; he was verie skilfull and diligent. The first yeir he causit us go throw the Rudiments againe, # thairefter enter and pas throw the first part of Grammer of Sebastian; # thairwith we hard (\Phormionem Terentii\) , and war exerceisd in # composition; efter that entered to the second part, and hard thairwith the Georgics of Virgill, and dyvers uther things. I never get a # strak of his hand, whowbeit I committed twa lurd faultes, as it war # with fyre and sword: Haifing the candle in my hand on a wintar # night, befor sax hours, in the scholl, sitting in the class, bernlie # and negligentlie pleying with the bent, it kendlet sa on fyre, that we haid all ado to put it out with our feit. The uther was being # molested by a condisciple, wha cutted the stringes of my pen and # ink-horn with his pen-knyff, I minting with my pen-knyff to his legges # to stey him; he feared, and lifting now a lag, now the uther, # rasht on his lag upon my knyff, and strak him selff a deipe wound in the schin of the lag, quhilk was a quarter of a yeir in curing. In # the tyme of the trying of this mater, he saw me sa humble, sa # feared, sa greived, yeild sa manie teares, and by fasting and murning # in the scholl all day, that he said he could nocht find his hart to # punishe me fordar. Bot my righteus God let me nocht slipe that fault, # bot gaiff me a warning, and rememberance what it was to be defyld # with blude, whowbeit negligentlie; for within a short space efter I # haid causit a cutlar, new com to the town, to polishe and scharpe # the sam pen-knyff, and haid bought a pennie-worthe of aples, and # cutting and eatting the sam in the Linkes, as I put the cheive, in # [{my{] mouthe, I began to lope upe upon a litle sandie bray, haiffing # the pen-knyff in my right hand, I fell, and thairwithe strak my # selff, missing

my wombe, an inche deipe in the inwart syde of the left knie, even to the bean, wherby the aequitie of God's judgment and my conscience strak me sa, that I was the mair war of knyffes all # my dayes. In Montrose was Mr Thomas Andersone, minister, a man of mean gifts, bot of singular guid lyff. God moved him to mark me, # and call me often to his chalmer to treat me, when he saw anie # guid in me, and to instruct and admonish me utherwayes. He desyrit me ever to rehearse a part of Calvin's Catechisme on the Sabothes # at efternoone, because he hard the peiple lyked weill of the # clearnes of my voice, and pronuncing with sum feiling; and thairby God # moved a godlie honest matron in the town to mak mikle of me thairfor, # and called me hir lytle sweit angle. The minister was able to # teatche na ofter but annes in the ouk; but haid a godlie man reidar, wha read the Scripture distinctlie, and with a religius and devot feilling; wherby I fand my selff movit to giff guid # eare, and lern the Stories of Scripture, also to tak plesure in the # Psalmes, quhilk he haid almost all by hart, in prose. The Lard of Done, mentioned befor, dwelt oft in the town, and of his charitie # interteined a blind man, wha haid a singular guid voice; him he causit the doctor of our scholl teatche the wholl Psalmes in miter, with # the tones thairof, and sing tham in the kirk; be heiring of whome # I was sa delyted, that I lernit manie of the Psalmes and toones # thairof in miter, quhilk I haiff thought ever sen syne a grait blessing # and comfort. The exerceise of the ministerie was keipit ouklie then in # Montrose, and thair assemblies ordinarlie; quhilk when I saw I was movit to lyk fellon weill of that calling, bot thought it a thing # unpossible that ever I could haiff the abilitie to stand upe and speak # when all helde thair toung and luiked, and to continow speaking alean # the space of an houre. Ther was also ther a post, that frequented Edinbruche, and brought ham Psalme buikes and ballates; namlie, of Robert Semple's making, wherin I tuik pleasour, and lernit # sum

thing bathe of the esteat of the countrey, and of the missours # and cullors of Scottes ryme. He schew me first Wedderburn's Songs, wharof I learned diverse (\par ceur\) , with great diversitie # of toones. He frequented our scholl, and of him also I lerned to # understand the Calender, efter the commoun use thairof. And, finalie, I receavit the comunion of the bodie and blud # of the Lord Jesus Chryst first at Montrose, with a graitter # reverence and sence, in my saull, then oft thairefter I could find, in # the 13 year of my age; whar, coming from the table, a guid honest # man, ane eldar of the kirk, gaiff me an admonition concerning # lightnes, wantonnes, and nocht takin tent to the preatching and word # read, and prayers, quhilk remeaned with me ever sen syne. Sa God maid everie persone, place, and action, to be my teatchers; # bot, alas! I used tham never sa fruitfullie, as the guid occasiones # servit, bot was caried away in vanitie of mynd with young and fullishe conceattes, quhilk is the heavie challange of my conscience. # The tyme of my being in Montrose was about twa yeirs, during the quhilk the comoun newes that I hard was of the grait praises of # the government; and, in end, the heavie mean and pitiful regrat, # amangs men in all esteatts, for the traiterus murdour of James Earl # of Murro, called the Guid Regent, anent the quhilk, sic the 19 # book of the fornamed Cornicle. [}M.D.LXXI.}] The esteat of Montrose schol changit, be occasion of the # master's taking of him to the ministerie, I cam hame to Baldowy about # the Lambes, (\in anno\) 1571. The fourtein yeir of my age, now # expyred, whar my father setts me about the hervest-labour, wherin I haid litle pleasour; for whowbeit I spendit nocht the tyme sa # fructfullie as I might at scholl, yet I lyked the schollar's lyff best; # bot my father held us in sic aw, that we durst nocht reasone with him, bot # his will was neidfull obedience to us. Sa to the glorie of my God, # I remember

a certean day my father send me to the smeddy for dressing of hewkes and sum yron instruments, the way lying hard by # Mariekirk, wherin my father pretched, I begoude to weirie soar of my lyff; and as my coustome haid bein fra my bernheid to pray in # my hart, and mein my esteat to my God, coming fornent the kirk, # and luiking to it, the Lord steirit upe an extraordinar motion in # my hart, quhilk maid me atteans, being alean, to fall on gruiff to the # ground, and pour out a schort and ernest petition to God, that it wald # please his guidnes to offer occasion to continow me at the scholles, # and inclyne my father's hart till use the saming; with promise and vow, that whatever missour of knawledge and letters he wold bestow # on me, I sould, by his grace, imploy the saming for his glorie in # the calling of the ministerie; and rysing from the ground with joy # and grait contentment in hart, again fell downe and worschipped, # and sa past on and did the earand, retourning and praising my God, singing sum Psalmes. Within a few dayes thairefter, Mr James Melvill, my uncle, comes to Baldowy, and brings with him a # godlie lernit man, named Mr Wilyeam Collace, wha was that sam yeir to tak upe the class as first regent of St Leonard's Collage, # within the Universitie of St Andros; efter conference with whome that # night, God moves my father's hart to resolve to send me that sam yeir # to the Collage. Trew it was, I was bot weaklie groundit in # grammar, and young of yeirs; yit the lovingnes of the gentleman, and # promise of the benefeit of a bursare's place, and of taking peanes on # me, maid the mater to go fordwart; wherof, when I was informed be my said uncle, and haid sein and spoken a lytle with the man, # Rebecca was never blyther to go with the servant of Abraham, nor I was to go with him. And trewlie this finding of God, at a # neid, was the beginning of a ritche treassour of the pruiff of his # providence, mercie, and grace, continowallie increassing sen syne, that I wald nocht giff for ten thowsand warlds. Sa I cam to St Androis about the first of November, in the # forsaid yeir 1571, and enterit in the course of Philosophie, under the

regenterie of the said Mr Wilyeam, wha haid the estimation of # the maist solide and lernit in Aristotle's Philosophie. And first # hard under him Cassander his Rhetorik; but at the beginning, nather being weill groundet in grammer, nor com to the yeirs of # naturall judgment and understanding, I was cast in sic a greiff and # dispear, because I understood nocht the regent's langage in teatching, # that I did nathing bot bursted and grat at his lessones, and was of # mynd to haiff gone ham agean, war nocht the luiffing cear of that # man comforted me, and tuik me in his awin chalmer, causit me ly # with him selff, and everie night teatched me in privat, till I was # acquented with the mater. [\"We hard the Oration, Pro Rege # Deiotaro." Margin of MS.\] Then he gaiff us a compend of his # awin of Philosophi and the partes thairof; of Dialectik, of Definition, of # Division, of Enunciation, and of a Syllogisme Enthymen, and Induction, &c.; quhilk I thought I understuid better. About the quhilk # tyme my father coming to the town, begoude to examine me, and # finding sum beginning was exceidinglie rejoysit, and uttered sweittar # affection to me then ever before. He interteined my regent verie hartlie in his ludging, and gaiff him grait thanks. He send me to him, efter he haid taken leive, with twa piece of gold in a # neapkine; bot the gentleman was sa honest and loving, that he wald haiff # non of his gold, but with austere countenance send me bak with it, # na never wald receave gold nor silver all the tyme of my course. # We enterit in the Organ of Aristotle's Logics that yeir, and # lernit till the Demonstrations. He haid a lytle boy that servit him in his chamber, called David Elistone, wha, amangs threttie-and-sax # schollars in number, (sa manie war we in the class,) was the best. This boy he causit weat on me, and confer with me; whase ingyne and judgment past me als far in the wholl course of philosophie, # as the aigle the howlet. In the multiplication of Propositiones, # Medalles, Conversion of Syllogismes, (\Pons Asinorum\) , etc., he was als # read as I was in telling an-and-threttie. This I mark for a speciall # cause of thankfulnes following.

Bot of all the benefites I haid that yeir was the coming # of that maist notable profet and apostle of our nation, Mr Jhone Knox, # to St Androis; wha, be the faction of the Quein occupeing the # castell and town of Edinbruche, was compellit to remove thairfra with a number of the best, and chusit to com to St Androis. I hard # him teatche ther the prophecie of Daniel that simmer, and the # wintar following. I haid my pen and my litle book, and tuk away sic things as I could comprehend. In the opening upe of his text # he was moderat the space of an halff houre; bot when he enterit to application, he maid me sa to grew and tremble, that I could # nocht hald a pen to wryt. I hard him oftymes utter these thretenings in the hicht of their pryde, quhilk the eis of movie saw # cleirlie brought to pass within few yeirs upon the Captean of that # Castle, the Hamiltones, and the Quein hir selff. He ludgit down in the Abbay besyde our Collage; and our (Primarius, Mr James Wilkie, our) [\Margin of MS.\] Regents, Mr Nicol Dalgleise, # Mr Wilyeam Colace, and Mr Jhone Davidsone, went in ordinarlie to his grace efter denner # and soupper. Our Regent taried all the vacans to heir him, whowbeit he haid urgent effeares of his brother-sonnes to handle, to # whom he was tutor. Mr Knox wald sum tymes com in and repose him in our Collage yeard, and call us schollars unto him and bless us, # and exhort us to knaw God and his wark in our contrey, and stand be the guid cause, to use our tyme weill, and lern the guid # instructiones, and follow the guid exemple of our maisters. Our haill # Collage, maisters and schollars, war sound and zelus for the guid # cause. The uther twa Collages nocht sa; for in the New Collage, # whowbeit Mr Jhone Dowglass, then Rector, was guid aneuche; the thrie uther maisters and sum of the Regentes war evill myndit, viz. Mrs Robert, Archbald and Jhone Hamiltons, (wharof the # last twa becam efter apostates,) hated Mr Knox and the guid cause; and the Comissar, Mr Wilyeam Skein, could nocht lyk weill of his doctrine. The Auld Collage was rewlit be Mr Jhon # Rutherfurd,

then Dean of Facultie, a (man lernit in philosophie, bot) # [\Margin of MS.\] invyus corrupt. This I mark for the setting furthe of the benefit I # receavit in the Collage and companie I was into. The public newes I hard that yeir was of the Engliss armie that cam in # under the conduct of Mr Druri, and brunt and slew throuchout # Cliddisdall and all the dominiones of the Hamiltons, for the slauchter of the Guid Regent. They brunt the castell, and palice, and town # of Hamiltone, and caried away grait pray; they wracked all the # Bordars wast and est, and tuik the castell of Hume. Also Mathew Stewart, Erle of Lennox, was schosine Regent, wha that hervest cam to Breachine, beseigit the castell thairof, haldin be the # suddarts of the Erl of Hountlie, compellet tham to rander, and hangit threttie thairof, quhilk was callit "the Bourde of Breachine." (This yeir, in the monethe of July, Mr Jhone Davidsone, an # of our Regents, maid a play at the mariage of Mr Jhone Colvin, quhilk I saw playit in Mr Knox presence; wherin, according to # Mr Knox doctrin, the Castle of Edinbruche was beseiged, takin, # and the Captan, with an or twa with him, hangit in effigie.) # [\Supplied on margin of MS.\] [}M.D.LXXII.}] The second yeir of my course, we hard the Demonstrations, # the Topiks, and the Sophist Captiones. And the Primarius, a guid, peacable, sweit auld man, wha luiffed me weill, teached the # four speaces of the Arithmetik, and sum thing of the Sphere; bot # the graittest benefit I had of him was his daylie doctrine at the # prayers in the kirk, everie morning; for he past throw the twa buiks # of Samuel, and twa of the Kings, very pleanlie and # substantiuslie, quhilk I rememberit the better ever since. He causit sing # comounlie the 44 and 79 Psalmes, quhilk I lernit (\par ceur\) , for that # was the yeir of the bludie massacres in France, and grait troubles # in this countrey, the warres betwix Leithe and Edinbruche being verie hat. The Castel of Dumbarten was notablie tean, and Jhone Hamilton, Bischope of St. Androis, hangit.

In the monethe of August, " the Blak Parliament" of Stirling haldin, [\"The parliament was haldin in August 1571, before I # cam to the Universitie." Margin of MS.\] whar the second # Regent was slean, in Womistones armes, &c., (\vide\) Buchan. Chro. [}M.D.LXXIII.}] The thrid yeir of our course, we hard the fyve buikis of # the Ethiks, with the aught buikis of the Physiks, (and (\De Ortu et # Interitu\) ). [\Margin.\] That yeir we haid our Bachlar art, according to the solemnities then used of declamations, banqueting, and playes. And in the mean tyme thairof, my father maried my said eldest sistar Isbell, and second, Majorie, bathe on a day; bot efter that # festing, we gat hard newes of the defeat of the Forbesses at the # Crabstean, besyd Aberdein. [}M.D.LXXIV.}] The fourt and last yeir of our course, quhilk was the 17 # yeir of my age outpast, and 18 rinning, we learned the buikis (\de # Coelo\) and Mateors, also the Spher, more exactlie teachit be our awin # Regent, and maid us for our Vicces and Blakstens, and haid at Pace our promotion and finissing of our course. The beginning of this # yeir was also maist dulfull to me, by the departour of my deirest # sistar Isbell, wha died of hir first bern; in whom I lossit my # naturall mother the second tyme. (The ordour of four kirks to a minister, then maid be the # Erl of Morton, now maid Regent; against the quhilk Mr Jhone Davidsone, an of the Regents of our Collage, maid a buik called the "Conference betwix the Clark and the Courtieur;" for the # quhilk he was summoned befor the Justice-ear at Hadinton this wintar, the last of our course, and banisched the cowntrey.) [\This # paragraph is also supplied from the margin of the MS.\] ) In the thrid and fourt yeirs of my course, at the # direction of my father, I hard the Comissar, Mr Wilyeam Skein, teatche Cicero # (\de Legibus\) , and divers partes of the (\Institutiones\) of # Justinian. I was

burdet in the hous of a man of law, a very guid honest man, # Andro Greine be nam, wha lovit me exceiding weill; whase wyff also was ane of my mothers. I am sure sche haid nocht sone nor bern sche loved better. This lawier tuk me to the Consistorie with # him, whar the Comissar wald tak pleasour to schaw us the practise, # in judgment, of that quhilk he teatched in the scholles. He was a man of skill and guid conscience in his calling, lernit and # diligent in his profession, and tuk delyt in na thing mair nor to # repeat ower and ower again to anie schollar that wald ask him the thingis # he haid bein teatching. Lykwayes my ost, Andro, acquentit me with the formes of summonds and lybelling, of contracts, obligatiounes, # actes, &c.; but my hart was nocht sett that way. Mairower, in these yeirs I lerned my music, wherin I tuk # graitter delyt, of an Alexander Smithe, servant to the Primarius of our Collage, wha haid been treaned upe amangis the mounks in the # Abbay. I lerned of him the gam, plean-song, and monie of the treables of the Psalmes, wherof sum I could weill sing in the kirk; bot # my naturalitie and easie lerning by the ear maid me the mair # unsolide and unreadie to use the forme of the art. I lovit singing and # playing on instruments passing weill, and wald gladlie spend tyme whar the exerceise thairof was within the Collage; for twa or thrie # of our condisciples played fellon weill on the virginals, and another # on the lut and githorn. Our Regent haid also the pinalds in his # chalmer, and lernit some thing, and I eftir him; bot perceaving me ower mikle caried efter that, he dishanted and left of. It was the # grait mercie of my God that keipit me from anie grait progress in # singing and playing on instruments; for, giff I haid atteined to anie # reasonable missure thairin, I haid never don guid utherwayes, in respect of my amorus disposition, wherby Sathan sought even then to deboiche me; bot my God gaiff me a piece of his fear, and # grait naturall shamfastness, quhilk by his grace war my preservatives. Als I haid my necessars honestlie aneuche of my father, bot nocht # els; for archerie and goff, I haid bow, arrose, glub and bals, but # nocht a

purs for catchpull and tavern; sic was his fatherlie wisdom for # my weill. Yit now and then I lernit and usit sa mikle bathe of # the hand and racket catche as might serve for moderat and halsome # exerceise of the body. I wald haiff gladlie bein at the Greik and Hebrew toungs, # because I red in our Byble that it was translated out of Hebrew and Greik; bot the langages war nocht to be gottine in the land. # Our Regent begoud and teatched us the A, B, C, of the Greik, and # the simple declintiones, bot went no farder. Be that occasion he # tauld me of my uncle Mr Andro Melvill, whom he knew in the tyme of his course in the New Collage to use the Greik Logics of # Aristotle; quhilk was a wounder to tham that he was sa fyne a schollar, # and of sic expectation. This maid me inquyre for Mr Andro, when I cam ham, the second and thrid yeir of our course; bot my # father and Mr James schew me they fearit he was dead, because of the grait civill warres in France, and that they hard he was in # Poictears beseiged; that it was aught or nyne yeirs sen he past to # France, and four or fyve yeirs sen they gat anie letters or word from him. # This twitched my hart wounder soar, in respect of the grait # comendation I hard of him be my Regent and diverse uthers. Bot soon efter, about the middes of our thrid yeir, Alexander Young cam ham # from Genev, from his uncle, and my neir kinsman, Mr Henrie # Scrymgour, of honourable memorie, with sum propynes to the King, and # letters to Mr. George Bowchanan and Mr Piter Young, that an the King's maister, that uther his paedagog; and amangs the rest brought letters from the said Mr Andro to my father, and his # brother Mr James; and thairwithall word of his weilfear and singular estimation in Genev, whar he haid four yeirs professit. Of # these newes my hart was exceiding glade, and the said Alexander # being with all diligence to return againe to Genev, I haid a letter # in readines pennit at lainthe in Latin, the best I could, quhilk I # delyverit to my cowsing Alexander, wha within a twa monethes put it in # the hands of my said uncle Mr Andro. And he tauld me at meitting,

and oft sen syne, it was a speciall motion of his ham-coming, # then the quhilk, I, nor Scotland nather, receavit never a graitter # benefit of the hands of God, as will better appeir heirefter. Bot because, in all my course, the graittest benefit was # the sight and heiring of that extraordinar man of God, Mr Jhone Knox; sa far as I then knew and hard of him, I man heir record. In the tyme of his being in St Androis, ther was a General Assemblie # hauldin in the scholles of St Leonards, our Collage. Thair, amangs # uther things, was motioned the making of Bischopes; to the quhilk Mr Knox opponit him selff directlie and zealuslie. Yit a number # of Commissionars of the Kirk, meatt at Leithe, [\"The Conference # at Leithe was in Januare; and the General Assemblie in Merche # therefter, 1571." Margin of MS.\] with the Lords that haid the guid caus in hand, (wherof everie ane was hounting # for a fatt kirk leiving, quhilk gart them feght the fastar,) and # ther aggreit to mak Bischopes; the warst turn that ever was done for the # kirk leiving, as experience atteanes declared, when they war named "Tulchains," that is, calffs' skinnes stuffed with stra, to # cause the cow giff milk; for everie lord gat a bischopric, and sought # and presented to the kirk sic a man as wald be content with least, and sett tham maist of fewes, takes, and pensiones. Amangs the rest, the Erle of Mortoun gat the bischoprik of St Androis, efter the # hanging of Jhone Hamiltone; and presented therunto that honorable # father of the Universitie, as Rector thairof for the present, Mr # Jhone Dowglass, a guid, upright-harted man, bot ambitius and simple, nocht knawing wha delt with him. I hard Mr Knox speak against it, bot sparinglie, because he lovit the man; and with regrat, # saying, "Alas! for pitie, to lay upone an auld weak man's back that # quhilk twentie of the best gifts could nocht bear. It will wrak him # and disgrace him!" And, indeid, it cam to pass sa; for within twa # or thrie yeirs he died; during the quhilk he haid nather that # honour, welthe, nor helthe, as he was wount to haiff, ever repenting # that he tuk it on. That was the first tyme I hard Mr Patrik # Constantine, wha, then new retourned out of France with young Mr James # Macgill, the Clark Register eldest sone, thought, be the said Clark's

court, wha was grait with the Erle of Mortoun, to haiff bein # preferrit to the bischoprik, bot coming schort, becam a zealus # preatchour against Bischopes. I hard a sermont of his the ouk efter the # Bischope was maid, upon ane extraordinar day, that he might haiff the graitter audience; wherin he maid thrie sorts of Bischoppes: # My Lord Bischop, My Lord's Bischop, and The Lord's Bischope. "My Lord Bischope," said he, " was in the Papistrie: My Lord's # Bischope is now, when my Lord getts the benefice, and the Bischope serves for na thing bot to mak his tytle sure: And The Lord's Bischope is the trew Minister of the Gospell." Mr Patrik was then weill lyked, and of guid expectation with sic as knew him nocht intus. The yeir efter was maid Bischope, Geordie of # Murro, whom I saw a haill wintar mumling on his pretching af his # peapers everie day at our morning prayers; and haid it nocht weill # (\par ceur\) when all was done: And efter him, Bischope Patone of Dunkell. [\"I saw them bathe gett imposition of hands be B. Douglas and # Mr Jhon Woundrom, Superintendent, whom I saw inaugarat (as they # cald it) B. Douglas." Margin of MS.\] This greivit the hart of the man of God to the dead; bot the # warres war sa hatt, and the Lords cryed they behud to leave tham, giff they gatt nocht the kirk leiving; and monie knew nocht yit the corruption and unlawfulness of that invention of men, and sa # the mater past fordwart. At Mr Knox coming to St Androis, Robert Lekprivik, printar, transported his lettres and press from Edinbruch to St # Androis, whar first I saw that excellent art of printing; and haid then # in hand Mr Patrik Constant's Catechisme of Calvin, converted in Latin heroic vers, quhilk with the author was mikle estimed of. About the sam tyme cam to St Androis, to visit Mr Knox, Jhone Durie, fellow minister of Leith with Mr David Lindsay, # wha was then for stoutness and zeall in the guid cause mikle # renouned and talked of. For the gown was na sooner af, and the Byble # out of hand (fra the kirk) [\Taken from the margin of MS.\] ) # when on ged the corslet, and fangit was the hagbot, and to the fields! Him I saw first at St Androis # with Mr Knox.

The town of Edinbruche recovered againe, and the guid and honest men therof retourned to thair housses. Mr Knox with his familie past hame to Edinbruche. Being in St Androis he was # verie weak. I saw him everie day of his doctrine go hulie and fear, # with a furring of martriks about his neck, a staff in the an hand, # and guid godlie Richart Ballanden, his servand, halding upe the uther # oxtar, from the Abbay to the paroche kirk; and be the said Richart # and another servant, lifted upe to the pulpit, whar he behovit to # lean at his first entrie; bot or he haid done with his sermont, he # was sa active and vigorus that he was lyk to ding that pulpit in # blads, and fly out of it! Sa, soone efter his coming to Edinbruche, he # becam unable to preatche; and sa instituting in his roum, be the # ordinar calling of the kirk and congregation, Mr James Lawsone, (a man # of singular learning, zeal, and eloquence, whom I never hard # preatche bot he meltit my hart with teares,) [\This has been afterwards # added by the Author on the margin of the MS.\] he tuk him to # his chamber, and most happelie and comfortablie departed this lyff. (\Vide\) # concerning his lyff and dathe, Mr Thomas Smeton's buik against Hamiltone the Apostat. Ther was twa in St Androis wha war his aydant heirars, and # wrot his sermonts; an, my condisciple, Mr Andro Yowng, now minister of Dumblean, wha transleated sum of tham in Latin, and read # tham in the hall of the Collage in stead of his orations: that # uther was servant to Mr Robert Hamilton, minister of the town, whom Mr Robert causit to wrait, for what end God knawes. The # threatnings of his sermonts war verie soar; and sa particular, that sic as # lyket nocht the cause, tuk occasion to reprotche him as a rashe # raler, without warrand. And Mr Robert Hamilton himselff being # offendit, conferrit with Mr Knox, asking his warrand of that particular thretning against the Castel of Edinbruche, that it sould rin # lyk a sand-glass; it sould spew out the Captan with scham; he sould nocht com out at the yet, bot down ower the walles; and sic # lyk. Mr Knox answerit, " God is my warrant, and yie sall sie it." # Whill as the uther was skarslie satisfeit, and tuk hardlie with it, # the nixt

sermont from pulpit, he repeates the thretnings, and addes # therto, "Thow, that will nocht beleive my warrand, sall sie it with # thy eis that day; and sall say, What haif I to do heir?" This sermont # the said Mr Robert's servand wrot; and, being with his maister in # Edinbruche a twa yeir thairefter, at the taking of the Castell, they ged upe to the Castell-hill, saw the forwark of the Castell all # demolished, and rinning lyk a sandie bray; they saw the men of wear all sett in ordour; the Captan, with a lytle cut of a staff in his # hand, takin doun ower the wall upon the leathers; and Mr Robert, troublet with the thrang of the peiple, sayes to his man, "Go, # what haif I ado heir?" And, in going away, the servant remembers # his maister of that sermont, and the words; wha was compellit to glorifie God, and say, he was a trew prophet. Ane uther strange particular was recompted to me be Mr # David Lindsay, minister of Leithe: That efter Mr Knox haid taken # bed, he cam in to visit him, as he was accustomed, and asked him whow # he did? He answerit, " Weill, brother, I thank God. I haiff # desyrd all this day to haif yow, that I may send yow yit to yon man # in the Castell, whom yie ken I haif loved sa deirlie: Go, I pray, # and tell him that I haif send yow to him, yit annes, to warn and # bid him, in the nam of God, leave that evill cause, and giff ower # that Castle; giff nocht, he salbe brought down ower the wals of it # with shame, and hing against the sune: Sa God has assurit me." Mr David, whowbeit he thought the message hard, and the thretning ower particular, yit obeyit, and past to the Castell; and # meiting with Sir Robert Melvill walkin on the wall, tauld him; wha # was, as he thought, mikle movit with the mater. Therefter communed with the Captan, whom he thought also sumwhat moved; but he past from him to the Secretar Lithintone, with whom, when he haid conferrit a whyll, he cam out to Mr David again, and said # to him, "Go, tell Mr Knox he is bot a drytting prophet!" Mr David returning, tauld Mr Knox he haid dischargit the commission # fathfullie; but that it was nocht weill accepted of, efter the Captan haid conferrit with the Secretar. "Weill," (sayes Mr Knox,) "I

haif bein ernest with my God anent tha twa men; for the an I # am sorie that sa sould befall him, yit God assures me ther is # mercie for his saul; for that uther I haif na warrand that ever he salbe # weill." Mr David sayes, he thought it hard, yit keipit it in mynd till # Mr Knox was at rest with God. The Engliss armie cam in, with munition meit for the seage # of the Castell; and within few dayes the Captean is sean to # rander, and com down the leathers ower the wall. He is committed to a ludging in the town with a custodie of souldarts. Mr David, # because of grait acquentance, comes to visit him, whom he employes to go to the Erle of Morton, and offer him his haill heritage, # the band of manrent of all his frinds, and to pass af the countrie in # exyll, during his will. Mr David goes that night and speakes the Erle, then being Regent, proponing to him the offers. The Regent goes # asyde, and consultes with the Abbot of Dumfermling and Clark Register; thairefter Mr David comes, craving his answer. It was giffen, # It could nocht be: The peiple could nocht be satisfeit, nor ther # cause clerit and crowned, with [{out{] exemplar punishment of that # man and his counsellour, the Secretar. Mr. David the morn, be nyne # hours, comes agean to the Captean, the Lard of Grange, and taking him to ane fore stare of the ludgin apart, resolves him it behoved # him to suffer. "O then, Mr David," sayes he, "for our auld # frindschipe, and for Chryst's seak, leave me nocht!" So he remeanes with him, wha paecing up and down a whyll, cam to a schot, and seeing the day fear, the sune cleir, and a scaffald preparing # at the Corss in the Hie-geatt, he falles in a grait studie, and # alteris countenance and cullour; quhilk, when Mr David perceaved, he cam to him, and asked him what he was doing? "Fathe, Mr David." sayes [{he,{] "I perceave weill now that Mr Knox was the trew # servant of God, and his thretning is to be accomplissed;" and desyred to heir the treuthe of that againe. The quhilk Mr David # rehersed; and added thairunto, that the sam Mr Knox, at his retourning, # haid tauld him that he was ernest with God for him; was sorie, for # the

love he buir him, that that sould com on his bodie, bot was # assurit ther was mercie for his saull. The quhilk he wald haiff # repeated ower againe to him; and thairupon was graitlie comforted, and # becam to be of guid and cheirfull cowrage. Sa that he dyned # moderatlie; and thairefter tuk Mr David apart, for his streinthning to suffer that dethe; and in end beseikes him nocht to leave him, # bot convoy him to the place of execution: "And tak heid," sayes he, "I hope in God, efter I salbe thought past, to giff yow a taken # of the assurance of that mercie to my saull, according to the # speakine of that man of God!" Sa, about thrie houres efter none, he was brought out, and Mr David with him; and about foure, the sune being wast about af the north-west nuk of the steiple, he was # put af the leddar, and his face first fell to the est; bot within # a bonie whyll turned about to the west, and ther remeaned against the sune: At quhilk tyme, Mr David, ever present, sayes, he marked him, when all thought he was away, to lift upe his hands that # war bund befor him, and ley tham doun again softlie; quhilk moved him, with exclamation, to glorifie God befor all the peiple. # This last part of his execution I hard also of Jhone Durie, wha was # present with him on the scaffald. Sa, in lyk maner, whatever he spak concerning the # Hamiltones and the Quein, whowbeit in appeirance, in the mean tyme, bot # contrar, and monie guid folks thought hard and strange, yit cam to pass, and was marked in particular to the grait glorie of God, # terrour of the enemies, and joy of the godlie. Thus, ending my course of Philosophie in St Androis, whar # upon the part of God I haid offerit to me all guid occasion of # godlines, lerning, and wesdome, sa mikle as was in the countrey for the # tyme, (and might fall in my age;) [\Added on margin of the MS.\] # bot on my part, wha throw wantones and vanitie neglected and mispent the occasiones, haid gottin # na thing bot a nam and opinion of lerning, a babling of words without # wit, at least wesdome: For my light young nature was giffen mair to

be superficiall nor solid, circumferentiall nor centrik, # desyring to heir and haiff the names of manie things, bot never weill # degesting nor ryping out the nature of anie, bot fleiting and flowing, # soon lyking and soon lothing everie thing. Onlie now and then I # fand sum sweit and constant motiones of the feir and love of God # within me. I cam to Dondie, whar my uncle Roger, a man godlie, kynd, # and wyse, enterit with me to understand to what calling my hart # inclyned; and gaiff out that my father's intention was to haiff me a lawer. I said nocht mikle against it, bot wissed at God I # might haiff the gifts and grace to be a minister. Coming ham, my # father tented me in the sam maner, bot nocht sa familiarlie; nather # durst I utter anie thing against his opinion and judgment, bot said # I was readie to obey his will and direction in all things. He # commandit me then to occupie my tyme weill amangs his books till the # vacans, at what tyme he wald haiff occasion to meit with sum guid man # of law in Edinbruche, to whom he wald put me in service. Giff sa # he meinde, indeid, because he saw na provision for the ministerie, # or to essay my resolution, I can nocht tell. Going a day to Bonitone, # I past by the Kirk of Maritone and place wher I haid prayed, and vowed to God: the sam cam in my memorie, with a grait motion of mynd and determination to pay my vow, giff God wald giff # the grace and moyen. Sa, praying and worshiping befor God, it cam in my mynd to pen a sermont upon a part of Scripture, and # leave it in a buik of my father, whar he might find it; and sa I tuk # the beginning of the nynt of Jhone's Evangell, of the blind man, # and studeing his comentares thairon, Musculus and Marlorot, wrot # it and left it in Musculus' Comentars; quhilk, when he fand it, lyked # him weill; yit spak na thing, bot left me in suspence till it # pleasit God to giff me full resolution. For, a lytle befor Lambes, word cam that Mr Andro was com to Edinbruche, and within twentie dayes efter he cam to Baldowy; with whom when my father had conferit, and knawin what opinion he haid of me, he delyverit me ower # unto

him, thinking he was disburdenit of me; and sa indeid he was, # as the continuation of this narrative will declar. This was in # the yeir of God 1574.

[}M.D.XCV.}] [In the monethe of Merche, 27, (1595,) being Furisday, about alleavin houres of the night, in place of a sarie las that # never leuche, God gave me of my wyff, dearlie beloved, a pleasand # boy, wha, during his infancie, being of a fyne sanguine # complexioun, was a pastyme and pleasour, nocht onlie to my haill familie, bot # almost throw all the town whar ever he was caried. Sa it is a guid # thing to tak in patience whatever God sends. His guid-shyr, Jhone Durie, being with me at that tyme, gave him the bage of # baptisme, and called him Jhone, in remembrance of the inspeakable grace # of God bestowit on him and his successioun. The grace of God mak as mikle to kythe in him, coming to age, if sa be His # pleasure, as appeires in the youthe inwartlie and outward!] [^EDITOR'S # BRACKETS^] The yeir following, (1595,) Mr David Blak's ministerie in # St Androis, quhilk haid wrought notable guid effects, bathe in the town for the weill of all the peiple's saulles, and ther republict, # and guid ordour of provisioun for the pure, as also to landwart for # purpose of biging of kirks, and in the Presbyterie moving # non-residents to tak tham to thair kirks and charges, began now, be the devill # invying it, to be branglit. The instruments war the Manse-moungar, (sa Mr David named him,) Wilyeam Balfour, and his favourars, wha, fearing Mr David's prevaling against him, and evicting of # his hous in the Abbay to be a manse to the Minister, causit, be # divers courtiours and uthers, the King's cares to be filled with # calumnious informationes of the said Mr David his doctrine and ministerie: As lykwayes be his occasioun of Mr Andro, my uncle, Rector of the Universitie, being the principall mean of the said Mr # David's bringing and placing thair, and meantiner and assistar of him # in his ministerie. Sa, in the monethe of August 1595, the said Mr David and my uncle ar chargit to compeir befor the King and Counsall at # Falkland, to answer for certean speitches uttered be tham in thair # doctrin

against his Majestie's progenitours; of the quhilk I knew na thing bot be advertisment fra my uncle from St Androis to # keipe the dyet. Coming to Falkland, the King inquyres of me, What I thought of Mr David Blak? I answerit, "I thought him a guid and godlie man, and a mightie preatchour, and a man whase # ministerie haid bein verie forcible and fruitfull in St Androis." - "O," sayes the King,"yie ar the first man, and onlie, that ever I # hard speak guid of him amangs ministerie, gentilmen, or burgesses!"- "Surlie, then, (says I,) I am verie sorie, Sir, that your # Majestie hes nocht spoken with the best sort of them all."-"I ken," # sayes the King in coler, "the best, and hes spoken with tham; bot # all your seditius deallings ar cloked, and hes bein with that name # of the best men."-"Then, surlie, (says I,) Sir, your Majestie # sall do weill to giff Mr David a syse of anie in all tha thrie # ranks, excepting nan bot sic as hes knawin particulars; and giff they fyle him, I sall speak na mair in this maner to your Majestie, till # your Majestie find what he is in effect." The King slipping away # fra me, goes to a speciall courtier, and sayes to him, "Fathe, Mr James Melvill and I ar at our graittest, for I perceave he is # all for Mr David Blak, and that sort!" The King, lest he sould irritat the Kirk be calling befor his Counsall anie Minister for thair # doctrine, quhilk haid nocht succeidit weill of befor, called onlie a # nomber of the Breithring of the ministerie, (namlie, sic whilk war # offendit with Mr David's scharpe and plean forme of doctrine, sparing nather King nor Minister,) to try the mater, and judge # thairupon. Mr David compeiring, declynit the King's judicator, in # doctrine; and as for the Breithring, he refusit tham nocht, being anie # sort of Assemblie of the Kirk, rightlie callit for that effect, or # utherwayes in privat to confer with thame, and satisfie tham in anie dout # conceavit of his doctrine. The King summarlie and confusedlie passit ower all, and put nan of these things to interloquutor, bot # called for the witneses. And Mr David, called to sie what he haid to say against tham, answerit, Gif that was a judicator, he sould # haiff an

answer concerning the unlawfulnes and incompetencie alleagit; as lykwayes, put ceas it war, as it is nocht, he sould haiff # an accusar fortifeit with twa witneses, according to the rewll of the # Apostle, &c. That in lyk maner is past, and a nomber of witneses is # examined, Burley, the delatter and accusar, being alwayes present: # Whilk, when my uncle, Mr Andro Melvill, perceaving, chapping at the chalmer dure, whar we war, comes in, and efter humble reverence done to the King, he braks out with grait libertie of # speitche, letting the King planlie to knaw, that quhilk dyvers tymes befor with small lyking, he haid tooned in his car, "That thair was twa Kings in Scotland, twa Kingdomes, and twa Jurisdictiones: Thir was Chryst Jesus, &c.: And gif the King of Scotland, civill # King James the Saxt, haid anie judicator or cause thair, # presentlie, it sould nocht be to judge the fathfull messanger of Jesus # Chryst, the King, &., bot (turning him to the Lard of Burley, standing # there) this trator, wha hes committed divers poincts of hie treasone against his Majestie's civill lawes, to his grait dishonour # and offence of his guid subjects, namlie, taking of his peacable subjects on the night out of thair housses, ravishing of weimen, and # receatting within his hous of the King's rebels and forfault enemies!" &c. With this, Burley falles down on his knies to the King, and craves justice. "Justice!" sayes Mr Andro, "wald to God yow haid it! Yow wald nocht be heir to bring a judgment from Chryst upon the King, and thus falslie and unjustlie to vex and # accuse the fathfull servants of God!" The King began, with sum # countenances and speitches, to command silence and dashe him; bot he, # insurging with graitter bauldnes and force of langage, buir out the mater sa, that the King was fean to tak it upe betwix tham with gentill termes and mirrie talk; saying, "They war bathe litle # men, and thair hart was at thair mouthe!" Sa that meitting was # demissit the forenoone. Nather war we assemblit again in anie forme of judicator; bot, when I perceavit the King to be incensed, and

verie evill-myndit bathe against Mr Andro and Mr David, I spak the Erle of Mar, being at Court, informing him of the treuthe # of maters, and whow dangerus a thing it was to his Majestie, at # sic a tyme, to brak out with the Kirk, whill as Boduell haid # confederit with the Papist Lords, and as he knew ther war presentlie a # grait commotioun in all the Bordars, besought him thairfor to # counsall his Majestie aright, and mitigat these maters. The quhilk he # did fathfullie. And sa, the King callit Mr David to him selff, in # privat and hamlie maner, desyring to understand the treuthe be way of conference; the quhilk Mr David schew him to his satisfactioun. In lyk maner, Mr Andro, wha, efter his fasone, maist frilie # reasonit with the King, and tauld him his mynd betwix tham to the King's contentation; and sa, in end, his Majestie directed me, efter # lang conference on thir maters, to go to St Androis and teatche, # and declar the mater, sa as the peiple might be put out of evill # opinion, baithe of his Majestie and thair Minister, and whow that all # was weill aggreit. Whilk I did upon the morn, in St Androis, # teatching the 127 Psalme; and because I knew it wald be marked, I sett down the haill poincts I was to speak, in wrait, upon that # mater, as followes: "Now, I am sure, guid Christianes and breithring, yie wald fean haiff newes from this last dyet whilk we have keipit with # his Majestie at Falkland! And, indeid, the King's Majestie and # breithring of the Ministerie ther convenit, fearing that quhilk in effect # is fallen out, viz., the fasones of evill fame, quhilk ever # reports of all things to the warst, and oftentymes sawes abrod lies for # veritie, and evill newes for guid, as we heir it hes been reported # amangs yow, that the King haid begoun to put at the Kirk, and to # plunge in maters with the Ministerie, namlie, haid melde with your # Pastor, and ather put him in exyll, warde, or sylence, whilas, indeid, ther is na thing les; therfor hes his Majestie and the said # breithring directed me to this place to testifie and declar the treuthe.

First, then, it is of veritie, that a grait number of evill # reports hes bein caried from this place to the King, sa bissie hes men # bein, specialie sic as war twitched in thair particulars, quhilk # might have easelie moved and crabet the King; bot he suspendit his opinion, and reservit all to a just tryell, as occasion might # best serve for the saming. "Amangs the rest, a delatioun of leat was maid, maist # offensive and odious, That Mr David, your Pastor, by name, sould have publictlie from pulpit traducit the King's mother maist # vyllie, to mak his Majestie contemptible in the eis of his peiple, and to # steir upe the seditius to treasonable and dangerus attempts against # his Majestie's esteat and persone; the quhilk could nocht be # sufferit unput to tryell. Compeiring then befor his Majestie, and a # guid number of the breithring of the Ministerie, bathe the accusar # and accusit, the accusar affirmed that your Pastor haid spokin # never a guid word of the King's mother, but mikle evill; the quhilk, # gif he sould nocht prove be sufficient witneses ther present, he # sould be content to tyne his land, his lyff and all. "Your Pastor answered, he haid comendit his Majestie's # mother for manie grait and rare gifts, and excellent verteus; and # onlie verie sparinglie and soberlie haid twitched the treuthe of the # judgments of God, quhilk haid com on hir for refuising the wholsome admonitioun of the Word of God. Sa the witneses war producit and examined. It was fund cleir, in end, that your Pastor, # contrar to the accusation, haid spokin mikle guid of the King's # mother, as also haid spokin concerning the judgments of God upon hir, in # hir fall. "The King could nocht think it altogidder unlawfull to use # his mother for example; bot thought it na wayes expedient in his tyme, because of the peiple, that is ever readie to draw that # to the contempt of his Hienes' persone, and of the seditius and # treasonable, wharof ther is manie in the land, wha ar ever readie to grip thairat; as thought the forme of men's dealing against hir, # quhilk

was extraordinar, might be drawin in exemple, and usit be tham: Therfor, it was thought expedient be the haill breithring # ther, that nather Mr David nor na Minister sould speak a word of his # Majestie's mother, till that a certean Act of the Generall Assemblie, maid thairanent at Dondie, war sein and considderit, and in # all tymes coming the tennour thairof to be keipit preceislie. "And for satisfaction of his Majestie, the said Mr David # cam maist humblie in his Majestie's presence, and acknawlagit # ther, that, as he sould mak answer to God, upon the usage of his # ministerie, he thought nocht that his speitches could be offensive to his Majestie, nor anie wayes meinit to haiff offendit his Hienes, # bot onlie usit that exemple to bear down sinne in the persone # quhilk he was rebuking; nather yit wald he heirefter use that # speitche, nor anie uther wilfullie or undewtifullie, to his Majestie's # offence or displeasour; bot as his hart wes afauld, upright and maist # affectioned to his Majestie, as anie subjects or Ministers in this realme, sa wald he mak it knawin in experience, and all dewtie to his Hienes heirefter. Wharwith his Majestie was weill pleasit, and # in guid favour dimissed the said Mr David. Conceave thairfor # rightlie and reverentlie, and stand in guid opinion bathe of your Prince and Pastor, for the discharge of all dewties addettit to tham, # and pray God to keipe his Majestie in guid concord and aggriment with his fathfull and trew servands, deteasting from your # harts the evill disposition of sic persones, that, for thair particular, # is sett to the contrar." This piece of service was weill aneuche lyked and accepted # on bathe the partes; bot my court grew les thairefter, and, as we # will heir, at the ham-coming of the Papists Lords, clean deceyit. # And to leave the treuthe of my courting testified befor God, befor # whom I walked, I sought it nocht, but it fell on me be the occasion # rehersed. When it cam on, I interteined it as I could in conscience, (quhilk, indeid, was hard to do, and cost me manie soar prik

in hart,) chieflie and first, to mak the King to ken that we # loved him deirlie, and wald do anie thing that ley in us for his # pleasuring with the warrand of God and a guid conscience, that, by his throuche lyking and conjunction with the Kirk maters, bathe in Kirk and polecie, might go right and weill forwart. And # trewlie, I thank God, during my twa yeirs court, it was sa. Bot as I # was thus about to win the King, as in me lay, to the Kirk, sa was # he in winning of me to the Court; and when on ather syde all # meanes was usit, and bathe keipit our groundes, without grait vantage # an of another, we relented and fearlie reteired, as the # continowing of this storie will in the awin place declar. The onlie particular quhilk I haid, was the pitifull esteat of the guid honest men # of St Androis, whase cause and condition was joyned sa with the # esteat of the Kirk and guid breithring, that thairwith it stud and # fell. Bot for my selff, as God knawes, I haid never a croun be my # courtein, bot spendit everie yeir the halff of my stipend thairon; and the treuthe was, I never sought nane, and I gat nan unsought. In the monethe of September following, the Erle of Orkney, # be the Lard of Burleyes moyen, cam to St Androis, as direct from the King, and reconcyled the said Lard with Mr Andro Melvill, Rector, and Mr David Blak, and Mr Robert Wallace, Ministers of St Androis, and that verie craftelie, under pretext thairof to # draw again the peiple to the hous of Darsy, and cause tham change # thair Provest again, as they did: For Captean Murray, perceaving the changeablenes of the peiple, and the weght of the office, # demitted the sam willinglie; and sa be the uther faction of the peiple, # favored be Court, the Lard of Darsy wes receavit again. That cost us a faschius jorney to St Jhonstoun. Returning fra the quhilk, certean newes cam of the Chancellar, Mr Jhone Metellan's # departour, whom Mr Andro, Mr Robert Bruce, and I, haid visited nocht lang befor, and left at a verie guid esteat for the lyff to # come. He was a man of grait lerning, wisdome, and stoutnes, and kythe # in end to have the feir of God, deing a guid Christian, and lovar # of

Chryst's servants. And, indeid, he was a grait instrument in # keiping the King af the Kirk, and fra favoring of Papists, as the yeir efter it kythed cleirlie.

Sic an Assemblie then as this first cam in, and was haldin # at Dondie the ...... day of May, 1597. In the quhilk the twa cheiff purposes was, ane to relax from excomminicatioun the Papist Earls, ane uther to gett the Articles, alleagit concludit in # ane Generall Assemblie at Perth, declarit and ratified at the present # Assemblie, and as far furthe further as might be atteined unto. For preparatioun to the quhilk, the King, perceaving the estats of # the Ministers of Edinbruche and of Mr David Blak to be mikle # meined, for purchassing ther favour and forderance to his purposses, he

heires sic as travelit in thair cause, and makes his awin men # of the Ministerie till obtein sa mikle at his hand as to bring the # Ministers of Edinbruche to his conference; efter the quhilk, he grantes tham to be relaxit from the horn, and libertie to do thair # effeares abrod as frie subjects, yea, to come to Dondie to the # Assemblie to knaw farder of his mynd. In lyk maner, to Mr David Blak licence from his warde to com to Dondie. Also ther was a grait plat leyed, and mikle ado usit, # (plewing alwayes with our hiffers!) whow to gett a Moderator meit for # the purpose. For this effect, Mr Thomas Buchannan was woun be the grant of verie weill lyked sutt for the guid Lord Lindsaye's # relaxing and restitutioun, wha haid at tutorie, in a maner, Mr Robert Rolloc, Principall of the Collage of Edinbruche, a guid, # godlie, lernit man, bot fellon simple and pusillanimie, and sa as he # was easilie caried with counsall; sa, efter the Assemblie was # lawfullie fenced be the doctrine of the last Moderatour lawfull, viz., Mr Robert Pont, and a Clark chosine, viz., Mr Thomas Nicolsone, # it was drifted and weiried be the King's command till the coming # of the said Mr Robert Rolloc, nocht being present at the first; # and then be the fore-provydit sure course of maniest vottes # moyennit be manie and grait persuasiones and motives usit with the # breithring, bathe in publict and privat, the said Mr Robert was declarit Moderator; whom, when the King and his men haid dressit for thair purposses, the Assemblie is keipit frequentlie, # (\Imperatore presidente\) , with grait congratulatioun. With this all men of anie mark or valour was practised be # Sir Patrik; and sic as war alreadie woun, and brought to be # acquented, and to confer with his Majestie. This was the exerceise, # morning and evening, diverse dayes. On a night at evin, I, sitting at my supper, Sir Patrik sends for me to confer with him in the # kirkyeard. I, raising from supper, cam to him. The matter was anent my uncle, Mr Andro, whom the King could nocht abyde. I wald do weill to counsall him to return ham, or the King # wald

discharge him. I answerit, It wald be bot in vean to me sa to # do, for he wald nocht tak that counsall; and gif the King wald use his authoritie, he wald suffer patientlie; bot I was certean # that deathe wald nocht cause him do against his conscience! # "Surlie," sayes he, "I fear he suffer the dint of the King's wrathe!" # "And trewlie," said I, "I am nocht fearit bot he will byd all!" # Returning to my uncle, whar I left him at supper, I tauld him; whase answer I neid nocht to wrait. Upon the morn, befor Assemblie tyme, I was commandit to com to the King, and Mr Andro withe me; wha, entering in his # Cabbinet, began to dell verie fearlie with my uncle; bot thairefter # entering to twitche maters, Mr Andro brak out with his wounted humor of fredome and zeall, and ther they heeled on till all the # hous, and clos, bathe hard, mikle of a large houre. In end, the King takes upe and dismisses him favourablie. The things that war done at that Assemblie I can nocht # exactlie recount. Ther was, at the chosing of the Clark, an ordonnance, that at the penning of everie act ther sould be certean # Brether with the Clark, wharof I was an, and Mr James Nicolsone an uther; but whill as I cam till attend, they war commandit to com to # the King with the Minutes, and sa I gat nocht acces againe. Also, # it was ordenit that all sould be read in publict befor the # dissolving of the Assemblie, bot [{that was{] nocht keipit. The Articles proponit at St Jhonstoun, and answerit, war # hard again at this Assemblie. It was schawin and verifiet to the # Assemblie whow they haid past, bot litle mendit ther; whowbeit a guid number of guid honest Breithring did honestlie ther part, # as they might. The Lords excommunicat war be a worschipfull Commissioun # ordeanit to be relaxit, and that be a few vottes ma, efter sic # reasoning, as when a speciall frind asked me, coming out of the Assemblie the Sessioun befor, to schaw him my judgment in effect, # because it dependit on his credit, wither I thought they wald be ordeanit # to

be absolvit at that tyme? I tauld him, as I thought, that, in # my judgment, they wald gett na absolutioun at that Assemblie nor # the nixt, till they kythed better fruicts of repentance. Bot by # votting and dealling the King's will was wrought. The Ministers of Edinbruche's mater and Mr Blak I refer to tham selff. Mr Jhone Lindsay, Secretar, intendit an accusatioun against # Mr Robert Walace, Minister of St Androis, befor his Presbyterie, # wha was ther challengit also, bot all these are leiving, and can # declar thair awin causses better nor I. In end was devysit a certean Commissionars, to have powar # from the Assemblie to convein with the King at what tyme and place his Majestie sould requyre, to keipe concord betwix the Kirk # and King, and to intreat of all maters that might serve or # apertein to that effect. The quhilk, as experience hes provin sen syne, # hes devolvit and transferit the haill powar of the Generall Assemblie in the hands of the King and his Ecclesiastic Counsall, these # Commissionars; for, bathe in Generall Assemblies, and without, they rewill all. In the monethe of Junie, immediatlie efter his retourn from # the Assemblie, the King enters in practise with his Commissionars # conveinit at Falkland; and, calling the Presbyterie of St Androis, # reducit a sentence of depositioun pronuncit against Mr Jhone # Rutherfurd from his ministerie of Kinnouchar be the said Presbyterie, and approvin be the Synod of Fyffe. The quhilk, nochtwithstanding, # I am certean was ratefied in the heavines, for he never did guid # in the ministerie sen syne! (And, now, hes renunced the # ministerie, and takin him to be a mediciner.) [\This is added, at a # subsequent period, by the Author on the margin of the MS.\] The # said Mr Jhone purchassit his court be calumnies and dilationnes of Mr David Blak and his # ministerie. And within a fourtein dayes thairefter, the King commandit # Mr Jhone Lindsay to com to St Androis, (as the said Mr Jhone # allegit,)

and intend the prosecutioun of his actioun against Mr Robert Wallace befor him and his Commissionars, takand it out of the hands of the Presbyterie. Mr Robert was to teatche upon the morn efter the King's # coming, according to the cours of his office in the ministerie of St # Androis. The King coming to his doctrin, heires him till he cam to # applicatioun, at the quhilk he interrupted him, and spak against him # publictlie. For the quhilk, all uthers being sylent, Mr Andro Melvill rebukit the King maist scharplie, thretning him with feirfull # judgments, gif he repented nocht; and those Commissioners of the Kirk, and his particular Ministers also, for nocht discharging a # fathfull and maist necessar dewtie to him in that respect. Thus, God # assisted his servant wounderfullie, nochtwithstanding he knew that the cheiff purpose of thair coming was against him. For his # cause they intendit a visitatioun and reformatioun of the # Universitie; they sought out all they could gett or find against him. (Ther # was a number of strangers, Polonians, Dences, Belgians, and # Frenchmen, schollars, wha, at the fame of Mr Androe's lerning, cam to the Universitie of St Androis that yeir, and war resident within # the sam; quhilk crabit the King mikle, and restranit his purpose against him. This is remarkable for God's providence.) # [\Margin of MS.\] I saw befor the King lying, and thairefter haid in my hand, a quare # of peiper of calumnies, in fear wraitt, giffen upe to the King. # They called him diverse tymes, they leyed diverse things to his # charge, they hard all his mislykers, evill-willars, and sic as haid # anie complents against him; bot God was sa withe him, with sic courage, # utterance, and powar of his image, that they could do na thing to him in end, but mak a new chose of the Rector of the Universitie. # At the quhilk, according to the custome, he willinglie dimitted # his office, wherof he wald have gladlie bein quyt for manie # causses, namlie, for that it importeth a mixture of the Civill # Magistracie, with the Ministerie Ecclesiastic, war nocht from yeir to yeir # the haill Universitie haid burdenit him thairwithe. And yit they # fearit

sa the publict opinioun, that they gaiff him ane office als # honourable, and mair setting and aggreiable to him in all respects, to # wit, to be Dean of the Facultie of Theologie, the quhilk indeid # they could nocht giff by him to nan uther bearing ever the sam in # effect, without compear or matche for his incomparable lerning; and # yit of that quhilk they behoved to do of necessitie, they wald # moyen thanks bathe at his hands and the comoun aestimatioun. As they wald have thankes in this, sa wald they in the # mater of the Ministerie of Edinbruche, for whom they sufferit tham to # be suted and intreated that they sould be enterit againe everie # an in thair awin roumes, and that to thair severall flocks, with a # new stampe of impositioun of hands. Bot all this was to the wrak # of the thrid, viz., the Ministerie of St Androis; that that being # done, the rest might be the easiar prey as occasioun served # thairefter. And sa Mr Robert Wallace was proceidit against and removit # from St Androis, be sum form of kinglie Commissionar proceiding and proces. Bot Mr David Blak was never annes called, and yit of mere kinglie powar it behovit him to be debarrit St Androis, # and tak him to an upeland roum, or then want all roum in his native countrey; and with post diligence, summarlie, Mr George # Gladsteanes placed in his roum. To receave Mr Robert Bruce, Minister of Edinbruche, and # giff him impositioun of handes, war apointed be his Majestie and # Commissionars, Mr Thomas Buchannan and Mr James Nicolsone, wha apprehendit sic a feare of leying of on the handes of the # peiple upon tham, [\"The peiple of Edinbruche was almost in an uproar that # day, at least the Commissionars war effrayit of it." Note by # Author on the margin of MS.\] that it stak to thair stomak all # that yeir efter-hend; and was the occasioun of a verie faschious antipathie and # contradictioun betwix the Ministers of Edinbruche and the Commissionars; whom, gif the King haid nocht stoutlie with might and mean assisted, # the said Commissionars haid gottin lytle thank, and all thair awin # travell at the nixt Generall Assemblie. And, as it was, they spak na # thing

les tham selves, bot that they haid gottin peyment for thair # travell of that coyne and streak. About the sam verie tyme that the King interrupted Mr # Robert Wallace, and undid the Ministerie of St Androis, ther was an # erthquak quhilk maid all the North parts of Scotland to trimble, from St Johnstoun throw Athall, Bredalban, and all these Hie-lands # to Ros, and thairin, and Kinteall; quhilk was schawin me for # certean be sum of our merchants wha war in Ros and Crommartie Firthe # for the tyme; and as the countrey peiple ther reported it to my # selff, being directed that sam yeir, in the monethe of October, be # the King and Generall Assemblie, to the Visitatioun of the Northe. This maid sic as haid red the storie of the King of Juda, # Uzzias, to remember, whow that when he, at a solemn feast, usurped the Priestlie office, and went in to the Temple to offer incense # on the Golden Altar, the Lord sent a mightie erthquak quhilk reased # the halff of the montean Eroge, situat on the southe and west of # Jerusalem, and caried it four stades, that is, halff a myll, toward the Est, and lighted on the syde of the Mont of Offence, condamnit # the hie-way, and spilt all the King's Gardings. Thairwith also the Temple reave, and, a beam of the sune coming throw, strak the King in the face, wharby he becam leprouse, and sa be the # preists was cast out of the Temple, yea of his kingdome, and finalie # died of melancholie and greiff; as wryttes Josephus, lib. ix. # Antiq. Jud. cap. 11. Wharof also by the storie of the Kings, Amos and # Zacharie the prophetes mentionnes. Anent the quhilk this # (\Dix-huitaine\) was maid:- [^VERSE^]

[^VERSE^] A heavie fact for all the hartes of the godlie and honest, # and maist detestable, traterus, and crewall in respect of the # devysars and committars, fell furthe upon this alteratioun of the # ministerie of St Androis. For the forementioned malitius, craftie # misrewlars of the citie, seing now the auband of that ministerie removit, # and all sic as lyked of the best ministers to be mislyked at # Court, and that they haid gottin a ministerie that wald go throuch with # thair factioun, they steir upe and incitats four deboshit young # limmers, and wattes that maist notable man amangs all the merchants of St Androis, and for godlines and vertew nocht inferior to # manie in the land, James Smithe, as he was coming ham at night from the cost syde, and crewallie demeanes and murdares him. The guid honest man was maist innocent of anie cryme or wrang done to anie, as we schew befor, (whowbeit, persones led with the # sprit of that murdarar and liar from the begining, nocht contented to # have murderit his body, presses yit to murdar his guid fame, bot in # vean,

amangs the childring of godlines and treuthe!) and thinking it # was bot gear they sought, was resolvit to have bought pace with # large soumes; and for aggriment thairanent, the King him self haid apointed the day following to be keipit be frinds, and a # commissioner directed from him expreslie for that effect, and thus under # tryst was cut of. Thair was never a cais that befell a man that # woundit my hart sa sare, and cast me in sa terrible a tentatioun of # doutting of the Providence of God, [seing sa guid a man left in the # hands of sa vyll lowns!] [^EDITOR'S BRACKETS^] I knew the innocencie and # gudnes of the man sa weill, the vylnes of his maist wicked enemies, and the veritie # of his cause. I was even drounde, a certean dayes, even almaist in a # deadlie and sencles dispear, till my deir Father of mercie and God of all consolatioun haid pitie on me, and brought me in the light # of his sanctuarie, and maid me better to knaw and beleive thairby, that ther was a hell prepared for the wicked, and a heavine # for the godlie heirefter! and all the rest of the poincts of that # maist deipe and comfortable doctrine of his Providence. I haid a grait cear of that man's esteat, for the onlie # reasone befor schawin; and seing that alteratioun coming on, I often said to him, that he haid a thing graitlie for his comfort, that # the cause of Chryst and his Kirk in Scotland was sa joyned with his, that # sa lang as the an went weill, I sould warrand the uther; bot when the an alterit I fearit the uther! And often hes he answerit # me, "That was over grait honour for sic a vyll worme; and that # maist gladlie wald he tak his part in the hardest sort as in the # best." At the tyme of that alteratioun I was meikle and verie instantlie # urget be the King to mak the sermont at the receaving of Mr George. Fallon leathe was I, and soar was it against my hart for manie weghtie reasones, bot, seing the guid honest men was at ane # extream poinct of wrak, having ane interlocutor of the Sessioun past against tham of ten thowsand mark, quhilk tendit to thair # utter hearschipe, I indented with the King for the staying of that # decreit, and composing of that mater, (wherin I haid sa lang travelit # with

his Majestie,) I wald condiscend to do that quhilk utherwayes # my hart could nocht suffer me to do: For I thought ther could be # na ill don in teaching the Word trewlie; and I thank God thairin # I satisfied my conscience; bot the doing of it, at that tyme, # and by sic a compactioun, was a grait huik in my hart, and wrought # sear remorse at the newes of his deathe. Bot as the cersar of harts # and reanes knawes, the overthraw of that ministerie of St Androis # was a heavie overthraw to the joy and pleasure of my saull, sa far # was I from art, part, read, counsall, consenting thairto, or # allowing thairof. And wheras I tuk grait peanes thairefter in placeing of Mr # Blak at Mr George's Kirk, I did it because I kend the fathfull, honest brother's danger; for the King and Commissionars bathe war carles of him, and desyrit nocht better nor to cast him lous on # his awin default, (as they wald alleage,) that throw necessitie he # might be compelled till abandone the countrey. James Smithe was my deir frind whill he leivit, and from # whom I parted in my awin hous about twa houres befor his slauchter, # with als grait sweitnes and joy of hart, arissin of a heavinlie # conference, whilk haid stowin twa houres from us or we was awar, as ever I haid in this warld; during the quhilk me thought that he and I bathe was caried from the erthe, and delyting our saulles in # that lyff and glorie purchassed be the deathe of the Mediator and # Saviour Jesus Chryst; till Mr George Mernse, bailyie of St Androis for the tyme, a guid simple man, and his frind, cam and tuk # him out of my maist hartlie embracing, sear against my will, for I # was determined to keipe him with me that night, and go with him to St Androis on the morn, for keiping of that tryst of agriment apointed be the King. Gif the reidar be holelie affectionat in trew and godlie # frindschipe, he will nocht lothe of the poeticall passioun quhilk pleasit and easit me for the tyme; and, thairfor, for my frind's sak, # I can nocht suffer to pearishe, whowbeit bot a dwabbling countrey # ryme,

meittar to be swipped away with the mouse-wobbes, nor byd as a picture in the palace of Apollo! [^THE DIAREY OF ROBERT BIRREL, BURGES OF EDINBURGHE, 1532-1605. ED. J.G. DALYELL. FRAGMENTS OF SCOTTISH HISTORY. EDINBURGH 1798. PP. 15.3-51.13.^]

The 2 day of Maii, the Queine came oute of Lochleuin by the # convoy of George Douglas, the laird's zounger brother. Ther mett her, after she came out of Lochleuin, certaine Lords; as, namely, # Settone, Herreis, and the Bischope of S=t= Androis, with uthers ther # complices, and convoyett her to Hamiltone, quher ther wes a grate maney # conveinit vith diligence. The Regent being in Glasgow, conveinit a grate armey of all # these yat vald assist him, vith grate suddentie as ves possible, and # ther raised men of weir on both sydes: during vich tyme, ther wes # proclaimed in Edinburghe a grate faste for ye space of 8 days. The 13 of Maii, being Thursday, both the armies mett upone # Gonew Muir, besyde a hill called Langsyde: and ther mett togidder # one the Queines syde, the Earll of Argyll, and ye Hamiltons led the # avant guarde. My Lord Home led the avant guard of the Regent's armey, and # ves hurte in the face vith ane speare. The Regent, at the pleasour # of God, obteined ye victory. In this batell, ther wes slaine about ye # number of 7 score and 15 persons; and these all one ye Quein's syde, # except tuo only: but ther wer diverse hurte and voundit, quho dyed # afterhend. In the midst of the batell, the Queine, despairing of ye # victory, fled, accompanied vith the Maister of Maxwell, and his companey of # Galloway men, quho tooke away ther fellows horses yat as zet endured # the brunt of ye batell. Ther wes taken prisoners one the King's # syde, Lord Settone, shriffe of Aire, laird of Trabrone, laird of # Innerweike. The 15 day of Maii, the keyes of Hamiltone and Draphane ver # delivered to my Lord Regent. The 18 day of Maii, being Tuesday, the Lord Regent came to # Edinburghe. The 20 day, being Thursday, Hamiltone laird of Innerweike, # vith 9 uther gentlemen quha ver taken in the batell, did underlay # the law,

and ver convicte by ane assyze, and, after ther hands wes # bound, zet obteined all of them remissione from ye Regent. The same day, the Queine entred Carleill in England. Her # convoys ver, the Lords Fleeming, Leuingstone, and Maister of Maxwell. The 21 day, being Fryday, the Regent raid to Striveling to # the chrystening of ye Lord Erskine's chyld. The 27 of Maii, being Thursday, the spoyles of the castells # of Hamiltone and Draphane came to the castell of Edinburgh. The 28 of Maii, the Regent returned to Edinburghe. The 3 day of Junii, being Thursday, James Hendersone of # Fordell had hes place of Fordell brunt by ane suddaine fyre, both the # old worke and the new. The 10 day of Junii, Morreis Souttarke was hangit at the # crosse of Edinburghe, for takeing of ye Regent's vages, and then past to # ye Quein's syde at the batell of Langsyde. The 11 day of Junii, being Fryday, the Lord Regent past out # of Edinburghe to Biggar vith 2000 men; and the 12 day of this # same moneth, ye place of Skirlinge, by the Regent's command, ves # blowin up vith gunpouder, and destroyed; at the quhilk tyme, ye laird # therof wes in England. The 14 day of Junii, ye Regent caused blow up, vith # gunpouder, ye castell of Kenmure, belonging to ye laird of Lochinvarre: and # ye 27 day of ye same moneth, ye Regent returned to Edinburghe. The 5 day of Julay, the Regent raid to S=t= Androis, and # caused drouin a man called Alexander Macker, and sex more, for # piracie. The 15 of Julay, Tourane Murray, brother-german to the # laird of Tullibairdyne, was shote and slaine out of ye place of # Aughtertyre in Stratherne, be one vode Andrew Murray and his confederatts, # quho keipt ye said place certaine days, and slew some 6 persons # more, zet made escaipe at yat present. The 24 day of Julay, the Regent past to Striveling.

The 2 day of Aguste, the peste wes knowen to be in James # Dalgliesh's hous. This same day, about 2 in the afternoone, S=r= William # Steuarte, Lyone K. of Arms, departed out of Edinburghe to Dumbrittane # castell, being suspecte of conspiracey against the life of ye Regent # the Earll of Murray. The 9 of Aguste, ye Regent came to Edinburghe, and ye # Persone Knowes taken for conspiracey against ye said Regent. The 16 day of Aguste, the Parliament raid, which wes the # first day therof; the Earll of Mar bore ye croune, Glencairne the # scepter, and Mortone ye suord; the towne of Edinburghe not being in armes # yat day. The 18 day, being Vedinsday, the Lords raid also to the # tolbuith; the shouldiers and toune both in armes: and on Thursday they # raid in lyke manner as the day befor; ye toune in armes. The 22 day of Aguste, being Sonneday, S=r= David Lindesay # ves vith grate solemnity inaugurate King of Armes, ye most of ye # nobility being present at the ceremonie with my Lord Regent. He wes # proclaimit S=r= David Lindesay of Ratheillet, Knight, Lyone King of Armes. The 24 day, being Tuesday, the last day of ye Parliament, # the Lords raid to ye Parliament Hous, for ye forfaultrey of such # as did not compeir at ye Parliament. The 13 day of September, ye Lord Regent raid to ye faire to # Jedburgh to apprehend the theives; but they being advertised of hes # coming, came nocht to ye faire; sua he wes frustrat of hes intentione, # exceptand three theives quhilk he tooke, and caused hang vithin ye toune ther. The 3 day of Januarii, Johne Andrew, tailzeour burges of # Edinburghe, vith hes vyffe, children, and servants, ver takin prisoners by the Hamiltones and ransomed, and sua sett at liberty. The 8 of Januarii, Johne Auld, miller at the Vater of # Leith, drouned

in the North Loche, passing over at 4 houres at even; and ane # uther vith him in grate danger of hes lyffe. The 14 of Januarii, Robert Hepburne, sonne to ye laird of # Waughtone, came to the hous of Waughtone, and brake ye stabills, and # tooke out 16 horses: the laird of Carmichall being capitane and # keiper of the said house of Waughtone. They issued out of the place, and # slew three of them; and divers ver hurt of bothe ye parties. The 17 of Januarii, the castell of Draphane randred for # laick of victualls, by Johnstoun of Vesterhall, being capitane therof, # quho randred it to ye Hamiltouns. The same night, Roslinge surprisit and voune by the laird # and hes seruants from ye laird of Lochinories seruants, Syme of # Panango being capitane therof. The 26 of Februarii, the Earle of Murray, Regent, came home # out of Ingland, quho had beine ther since the 21 of September # last. 1569 endit vithoute aney notable passage more, in that the # warding of Duck Hamiltone in the castell of Edinburghe in strait # prisone. The 23 of Januarii, James Steuarte Earle of Murray, the # good Regent of Scotland, wes slaine in Linlithgow, by James Hamiltone of Boduel Haughe, quho shote the said Regent vith a gun out at # ane vindow, and presently therafter fled out at ye backsyde, and leaped # one a verey good hors, which the Hamiltons had ready vaiting for # him; and, being followed speedily, after yat spure and vand had failed # him, he drew forth hes dager, and strooke hes hors behind, quhilk # caused the hors to leape a verey brode stanke; by quhilk meines he # escaipit, and gat away frome all ye rest of the horses. The 27 day of Januarii, Mathew Steuarte Earle of Lennox, ves proclaimit Regent, and ye Earle of Mortone hes Lieutenant. # This Mathew Earle of Lennox, halding ane Parliament at Striveling, quher # the zoung King wes present, he made ane oratione to the haill # nobility, being sitting in ye Parliament. Ye chyld King looking upward to ye

roofe of the hous, he saw ane holl throughe the sclaitting; he # said, I think ther is ane holl in this Parliament; sua that shortly # therafter hes Maiestie's vords came true. The first of Apryll, Dumbartane castell voune by the said # Regent and hes armies. Hes chieffe commanders wer, Thomas Craufurd, # and Dauid Home. Betwix ye Regent and ye Queine's factione, the first of # Maii, ves Lusilaw foughten. The 14 of Maii, ane Parliament haldin in the Canongaitt, # in Villiam Cocker's hous neir S=t= Johne's crosse, by the King's folks: # Also at ye same tyme, ane Parliament hald in the tolbuith of Edinburghe. # Ther wes maney forfaulted at both ye Parliaments. The 16 day of Junii, ane skirmish betwix ye Earll of Mortone # upone ye Kinges pairt, quho came out of Leith, and the Earll of # Huntley, vith the Hamiltons, quha keiped Edinburghe, one the uther # syde. At ye same tyme, quhen the tuo armies wer standing upone ye # fieldes, the Earle of Mortone standing at ye Halkhill, the Hamiltones, # Homes, &c. standing at ye Quarrell Holes, ther wes ane English # embassadour quho traiuelled betwixt them, to haue gotten them stayed from # batell; bot they being of contrarey opinions, vold not be stayed from ye # batell. In ye end, they ioyned both togider; sua that the Earll of # Mortone pute the Queines folk backe sua far, yat they wer forced # dishonourable to flee, and, in ther flight, maney of Huntley and Hamiltones men # ver slaine and hurte. Amongst ye chieffe men yat ver slaine of ye # Hamiltons, wes Gauine Hamilton and 3 or four uther captains, vith numbers # of comon shouldiours; and ye Lord Home ves taken prisoner. In the moneth of Auguste 1571, about the tyme of the riding # of the Parliament, ther came to Striveling, or day light, befor # euer the Regent, nobility, or toune of Striveling vist or trew, the # Erle of Huntly the Quein's lieutenant, Claude Hamiltone, vith the lairds of # Buccleugh and Farniherst; and by day brake wer going throughe the

toune, crying, God and ye Queine; sua that the King's peopell, # vith ye Regent and nobilities and ye shouldiours, raise in such a # steir, yat they could not vine togider, because the streits ves full of # enimies; and quher they could find aney of the Regent's peopell, vithout # mercey they killed them. In the end, ye Regent being taken by the laird of # Buccleugh prisoner, ane unhappy fellow lifted upe his jack taill, and # shot him through ye body, he being sitting behind Buccleugh one hes # hors back; and immediatly the Earll of Mar wes proclaimed Regent. The last of Julay 1572, the toune of Edinburgh ves randred # to ye King and his Regent, quha placed ther sex companies of old # shouldiours for keiping of the same in tyme coming. Upon the 24 day of Aguste, ves yat inhumane, bloudy, and # cruell massacker at Pareis in France, quherin ye noble Admirall wes # slaine, at ye mariage of ye King of Nauar vith ye King of France hes # sister. At this horrible murthering of trew Christians, it wes said # yat ye streitts of Pareis rane bloud a quhole day and night, which, if be # true, it is a horror for all posterity of the bloudy dangers and hellish # inhumanity. Also at this tyme, ye Duck of Northfolk and ye Earle of # Northumberland, wer both beheadit in Ingland for treasone. The 28 of October, ye Regent the Earle of Mar depairted out # of Scotland. The 24 day of Nouember, James Douglas Earle of Mortone, # quha wes the King's lieutenant, wes chosen, and solemnly proclaimed # Regent, in place of Johne Erskine Earle of Mar, quha had laitly left # the countrey. In the first of Januarii, the castell of Edinburghe wes # beseidget. Upone the 2 day of Maii, the Englisch cannone, vich ves # sent by Queine Elizabeth for ye aide and helpe of ye King and hes # Regent, in number 20 grate peices, began to shoute at ye castell of # Edinburghe, being steillit [\Quas. Steittit, or stated.\] at foure several # places, viz. 5 at Egers hous in the Castell Hill, 5 at the Grayfriar church zaird, 5 at Scotts land neir ye # West

Porte, and uther 5 bezond the North Loche: they shote so # hard continually, yat ye 2=d= day they had beitt doune quholly 3 touers. The laird of Grainge, called Kircaldy of surname, quho wes # capitaine therof, vold not giue over, bot shote at them continually, both vith # grate shote and small; so yat ther wes a verey grate slaughter # amongst the English canoniers, sundries of them having ther legges and # armes torne from ther bodies in the aire by the viholence of the grate # shote. At last, the Regent continuing his seidge so closse and hard, the # capitaine being forced by the defendants for laick of victualls, randret # ye same, after a grate maney of them ver slaine. The castell wes thus # randred. to ye King and hes Regent the Earle of Mortone, the 29 of Maii # in this zeir 1573, quha continued Regent, and keipt ye cuntrey in # grate justice and peace all ye tyme of hes government. The 3 day of Aguste, the laird of Grange, surnamed # Kircaldy, quho wes capitane of the castell of Edinburghe, ves hangit at ye # crosse of the said toune, for keiping of the said castell against ye King # and hes Regent. Ane man named Black Ormistoune, wes hangit at ye crosse of # Edinburghe for being present at ye murther of King Henrey. The 10 day of Marche, the King, vith hes nobility, deprived # the Earle of Mortone frome hes Regency, and tooke the government # upone himself; and ther wer 16 counsellors chosen to sitt vith his # Maiestie in the tolbuith of Edinburghe. [\The xxvi day of Apryll\] , the Earle of Mortone and the # Earle of Mar, vith ther freinds, surprysed ye castell of Striveling, to have # had out ye King, quho wes haldin in by ye capitane; at wich surprys ye # capitaine's sone wes slaine. The 18 day of Aguste, ye Lordis of ye King's secret # counseill made proclamatione at the crosse of Edinburghe, yat all hes # Maiestie's subiects yat wes of age betwix 16 and 60, should be ready to pas forvard with them to relive hes Ma=tie= out of Striveling; or # utherwayes, if aney

man vald not goe, to be repute partackers in the contrair. # The Lords passing forward to ye forsaid effecte, ther wes a batell sett # at Falkirk, both the parties being in the fields. Ther wes ane embassadour # of England, and ane of France, quho went betwix them and aggreit both ye parties. At that time, the motto one the ensigns one the # King's syde wes, Capitane I am, Libertie I crave, Our lyves sall we loss, # Or yat we sall have. The 10 of Maii, the castell of Hamiltone wes castin doune. Esme Steuarte Lord Obigney, landit at Leithe ye 8 of # September, quha wes created Duck of Lennox therafter. Upone ye first day of Januarii, ye Earll of Mortone wes # putt in varde in ye castell of Edinburghe for conceilling the King's # murther, and zit neuir consentit to it, bot fled from place quhen he heard word it wes to be done, for feir yat they quho wes upone the # conspiracey, viz. the Queine and the Earl of Bothuell, should urge him to # subscryue to ye same; notwithstanding yat he had faughten maney tymes in # perseuing for the murther, these yat had consentit to it, and acted ye # same, zit he wes beheidit for conceiling of it. And in this moneth, # ye said Earl of Mortone ves takin out of ye castell of Edinburgh, # and convoyet to ye castell of Dumbartane. Upone the 9 Maii in this zeir, the Erle of Mortone ves # brought out of Dumbartane castell to Edinburghe, and being accusit for # committing ye King's murther, ves convicte be ane assyze; and one the second day of ye moneth of Junii therafter, wes beheidit at # ye crosse of Edinburghe. The 23 of Aguste, the King's Maiestie being in the place of # Ruthven, he wes presumptuously holden in ye place by the Lord therof # against his vill, quhill the said Lord Ruthven, and hes complices, # caused, hes Ma=tie= to expell the Duck of Lennox, and banische him out # of ye realme, quha at yat same tyme vent to France. This ves a verey # grate presumptione in a subiecte to hes Prince.

Upone ye 24 of December, the Duck of Lennox entred in # Beruick to goe through England to France; and being arrived in France, # therafter tooke seiknes, and departed this mortall lyffe, 5 Junii 1583. The 18 of Apryll, ye Earles of Angus, Mar, and ye Master of # Glamis, vith some kirkmen and ther complices, quho had beine exyled, came home and vent to Striveling, they being all of ane # factione, and tooke in the toune and castell, and bult forts, sua yat no man # could travell or pas ye river of Forth, for ye bridge ves stoppit. Upone the 27 of Apryll, ye King and the Earlls of Craufurd # and Arrane, vith divers of ye new maid Lordis and courtiers, # brought frome Edinburghe 3 regiments of shouldiours, and vent to Striveling, # quha looked yat ye said toune and castell should haue beine haldin # against hes Ma=tie=; bot quhen he came, they yat ver vithin fled, sua yat # hes Maiestie entred and tooke ye toune and castell vithout stroke of suord; # and hes Maiestie lodgit this night in the castell. The 4 day of Maii, William Earle of Gowrie ves beheidet in # Striveling after he ves convicte, for presuming to detein his Maiestie # prisoner in his awin hous of Ruthven, the 23 of Auguste 1582; and ther # ves execute vith him Archibald Douglas beheadit, and M=r= Johne # Forbes hanget. This executione ves done ye forsaid day betwix 8 and 9 # houres at night. The 8 day of Aguste, the castell of Edinburghe ves givin # in keiping to James Stewarte, Earl of Arrane, and he made capitane # therof. Upon the 4 day of Maii, ye pestilence begune in Edinburghe, # and ves first knawin to be in Symeon Marcerbank's hous; quhilk # pest continued till Januarii therafter: the haill peipell quhilk wer abill to # flee, fled out of ye toune; nevirtheles, ther dyed of peipell wich # ver not abill to flee, 14 hundreth and some odd. Upone the 1 of Nouember,ye King's Maiestie being in # Striveling, the nobilitie quho ver exyled, viz. Angus, Hamiltone, Mar, # Bothuell, Glamis, came to Striveling vith ther haill forces, thinking # they had beine longe exyled fra hes Maiestie's presence, and yat by the # counsell of new

come courtiers, desperatly surprysit ye of Striveling, and # vane ye castell, and ver receivit in favour with hes Maiestie; many # wer fled from ye King, bot ye Lords remainet lyk loyall and trew # subiects, bot not veill to them quho wer the contrivers and causers of the # exyle. Upone the 13 of Maii, the King being in Holyruidhous, # convenit ye haill lords and noblemen yat had feid; and ther, in the palace # of Holyruidhous, he caused ye haill noblemen yat had deidly feid at uthers, to aggre togidder; and after they had shoken hands togidder, and # drunken ane to ane uther, for confirming of ye said aggrement and # freindschipe, and also, yat the haill cuntrey might the better understand # yat it wes hes Maiestie's vorke, caused them to come from ye palace of # Holyruidhous, euery one in uthers hands, and hes Maiestie vith them, to ye crosse of Edinburghe, quher ye city made them a verey sumptous # banquett; at quhilk tyme, ther wes much ioy and solemnity, with mutuall saluations of good vill one to ane uther; hes Maiestie # drinking peace and happines to them all, yat ye lyke ves nevir befoir sein in # Edinburghe. The 24 of Maii, the Earlls of Huntly, Craufurd & Bothuell, # ver accusit upone treasone for insurrectione against the King's # Maiestie; bot ther ves no such thing in ther heids at yat tyme. The 30 day of Julii, S=r= Villiame Steuarte ves slaine in # the Black friar vynde be the Earl of Bothuell. The cause he slew him for wes, # yat upone a tyme befor, ye Earle and he being at vords, S=r= William bad # ye Earll kis his .... ; the Earl heiring yat base and despytful # ansuer, ther made a voue to God, yat he should kis hes .... to hes no grate # pleasour: sua therafter rancountering the said S=r= Villiam, in ye Black # friar vynde by chance, told him he vold now kis his .... , and vith yat # drew his suord; S=r= Villiam standing to hes defence, and hauing his # back at ye vall, ye Earle made a thruste at him vith his rapier, and # strake him in at the back and out at the belley, and killed him. In this zeir of God 1588, Philipe, the King of Spaine, the 2 # of that name, having an armado, vich wes maney zeirs in preparing, # came to

sea, and thinking to have landit one the vest pairts of # Scotland, and so past into England, ves of intentione to have subdewed both ye # kingdomes, and to have destroyed both man, vyffe, and children; bot ye grate God of armies destroyed them vith stormey tempests, yat # verey few of them escapet undrowned, but some few yat ver drivin in # upone the vesterne isles. This wes named by the Spaniards and ther # adherents, ye Invincible Armado, and, for a tyme, put all this part of christendome in a steir. The 18 of Junii, the Earll of Marishall wes sent ambassador # to Denmarke, for ye King's marriage. The 22 of October, the King's Maiestie tooke iorney by sea, # and loused from Leith about 10 houres at evin, and sailed to # Noruay. Upon the 23 of November, hes Maiestie ves mariet upone Anna # of Denmarke, in the toune of Upslo in Noruay. This vord came home # as certeinty to ye Duck of Lennox, and Earle of Bothuell, quho # wer lefte to governe the countrey in hes Maiestie's absence. The King's # Maiestie traviled togider vith his Queine, beiyng in vinter, frome # Denmarke, quher he remained till Maii therafter, in anno 1590. Upone the first day of Maii 1590, ye King's Maiestie and # Queine landit at Leith from Danmarke. The 7 of Maii, Anna of Denmark wes crouned Queine of # Scotland at Holyrudhous. The 19 day of Maii, the Queine made her entrey in # Edinburghe, vith grate triumphe and ioy, pageants being erected in every # place, adorned vith all things beffitting: zoung boys, vith artificiall # winges, at her entrey, did flee touards her, and presented her tuo siluer # keyes of ye city. The castell shott of all her ordinance 5 several # tymes, and at night the toune ves putt full of bonefyres. The 22 day of Junii, the Earle of Bothuell brak ward out # of ye castell of Edinburghe, quha had beine ther in prisone some 20 # dayis befor, for alledgit vitchcraft, and consulting vith vitches, # especially vith ane Richard Grahame, to conspyre the King's death; and, upone # the

25 of Junii, ye said Earle Bothuell wes forfaulted, and # intimatione made therof by opin proclamatione at the crosse of Edinburghe. The same 25 of Junii, Euphane M'Kalzen ves brunt for # vitchcrafte. The 6 of September, ane proclamatione at ye crosse of # Edinburghe, yat ther should be four-pound pices made, new halfe marke # pices, and new 48 pices, for seruing of hes Maiesties leidges. The 27 of September, the Earle of Bothuell made a steir in # the Abbay of Holyruidhous, quho came in over ye hous in ye south # syde of the palace, and the said Earle taking too grate presumptione, # he, with hes complices, strake vith ane hammer at his Maiesties chalmer # dore, and, in the meine tyme, the haill noblemen and gentlemen of # hes Maiesties hous raise, quho thought to have taken ye said Earll Bothuell # and hes complices: and the said Earle fled: zet he returned at the # south syde of the Abbay, quher the said Earle and hes complices slew hes # Maiesties maister stabler, named Villiam Shaw, and ane with him, named # M=r= Peiter Shaw. Bot the King's folks tooke 8 men of Bothuell's # factione, and, on the morrow, hangit them all vithout ane assyze, betwix # the girth crosse and ye Abbay gaite. The 28 of December, ye King's Maiestie came to S=t= Geill's # kirk, and ther made ane oratione anent the fray made by Bothuell, # and William Shaw's slauchter, hes maister stabler. The 7 of Februarii, the Earle of Huntlie came to the hous of Dunibirsell in Fyffe, quher the Earll of Murray, vith a few # number, wes for the tyme, being his awen hous. The chieffe man yat ves # vith him, ves Dumbar, shriffe of Murray. The Earll of Huntley sett ye # said hous on fyre; the Earll of Murray being vithin, vist not quhither # to come out and be slaine, or be burned quicke: zet, after advysment, # this Dumbar says to my Lord of Murray, I vill goe out at ye gaitt befor # your Lordshipe, and I am sure the peopell will chairge one me, # thinking me to be zour Lordshipe; sua it being mirke vnder night, ze sall # come out

after me, and look if yat ye can fend for zour self. In the # meine tyme, this Dumbar, tutor to ye shriffe of Murray, came furth, and # rane desperatly among the Earle of Huntley's folks, and they all rane upone him, and presently slew him. During this broyle vith Dumbar, # the Earle of Murray came running out at ye gaitt of Dunibirsell, # quhilk stands besyde ye sea, and ther satt him doune among ye rockes, # thinking to have beine saue; bot unfortunattly the said Lord's # cnapscull tippet, quherone ves a silk stringe, had taken fyre, vich betrayed him # to hes enimies in ye darknesse of ye night, himselue not knowing # the same; they came doune one him on a suddaine, and ther most creuelly, # without mercey, murthered him. At quhilk tyme, one Capitane Johne Gordone takin upon the # 12 of Februarii; himselue wes heidit, and hes man wes hangit. The last of Februarii, Richard Grahame wes brunt at ye # crosse of Edinburghe, for vitchcrafte and sorcerey. The 18 of Marche, ane proclamatione that ye zoung of Earle # of Murray should not perseu the Earll of Huntley, in respecte he # being vardit in ye Blacknes for ye same murder, he wes villing to # abyde ane trial, saying, yat he did nothing but by hes Maiesties # commission, and sua ves nather airt nor pairt of ye murther. The 12 of Maii, the Earle of Bothuell and hes complices ver # denuncit rebells, and summond to ye Parliament, quhilk ves to be haldin at Edinburghe ye 12 day of Julay, quherin the said Earll, with # all his quhole complices, wer all of them forfaulted. Upon ye 17 of Julay, the Earll of Bothuell, with hes # complices, made a fray at Falkland, hes Ma=tie= being ther, and therafter # hes Ma=tie= came over the vater; and, upone ye 26 day of this same moneth, # hes Ma=tie= made an oratione concerning the same in ye grate kirke # of Edinburghe. Immediatly after ye fray, Bothuell and hes men came over ye

vater, and ther ver 18 of them in Cader mure, and in other # pairts neir Cader mure, laying sleiping for vant of rest and # interteinment; and immediatly after ther taking, they wer all brought to # Edinburghe, and hangit. At ye same tyme, ye lairds of Nidrie and # Samuelstone, ver takin by Johne Lord Hamiltone, and vardit in the castell of # Draphane, and came to Edinburghe, thinking to haue gottin grace to them # from hes Ma=tie=: he came doune to hes Ma=tie's= ludgings at the # Netherbow, and, going into M=r= Johne Laing's hous quher hes Maiestie ludgit, # the guard standing above ye port vith ther hagbutts, guns, and uther # veapons, the forsaid guard seeing my Lord Hamiltone, for the honour of his # Lordshipe, shott ane volley at my Lord: ther wes ane man speiking to hes Lordshipe, shott through the head, ane uther by him shott # through the legge, and ane bullet strooke the lintell of ye gait iust # above my Lord's head quher he stoode, zet no more harme done; so yat by meir # accident ye said Lord Hamiltone had most haue beine slaine, and not # through aney eiuil vill. The Lord Hamiltone seeing yat he could gett # no grace to ye said tuo gentlemen, he sent vord to hes bastard sone S=r= # Johne, quho convoyett ye said tuo gentlemen away, and vent vith them # himselue for ther more saftey. The last of Julii, Francis Hay Earll of Errole, ves put in # vard in the castell of Edinburghe, for papistry. The 18 of October, ye Earll of Angus vardit for papistry. The 7 of Nov=r=, hes Maiestie did receive again ye laird of # Nidrie in his fauor, and restorit him to his former dignity and estait. The 17 of Nouember, ye lady of Bothuell ves received into # his Maiesties fauor. The 18 of Nouember, ane proclamatione, yat no man receive # the Earle of Bothuell, and siclyke, yat all these yat had received # hes Maiesties fauor, quho had beine vith ye Earle of Bothuell, should not # come neir his Ma=tie= vithin 20 miles, under the paine of death. The 23 of Nouember, ane proclamatione, yat no man should # resett ye Countesse of Bothuell, giue her enterteinment, or to haue # aney commerce

or society vith her in aney cais, quha had beine bot so laitly # received in his Maiesties fauor befor, viz. one ye 17 day of ye same monethe. Behold ye changes of courte. The last of Nouember, Johne Cohoune ves beheidit at ye # crosse of Edinburghe, for murthering of his awen brother the laird of # Lusse. The 2 of December, Capitane James Steuarte came to ye King, quho had beine banished since ye road at Striveling befor, # which wes aboute ye I day of Nouember 1585. The 17 of December, ye ministers wer accusit by the King # for opin treasone in speiking agains hes Maiestie; zet hes goodness # past it ouer at yat tyme. The last of December, M=r= George Ker ves brought to # Edinburghe out of Calder, and putt in vard, for carrying of letters out of # ye countrey frome ye papists to ye King of Spaine. The first of Januarii, the Earll of Angus ves commandit to # vard in his awen lodgeing, and straitly keipit till ye morrow, and # then ves convoyit to ye castell of Edinburghe, for sending letters to Spaine to # ye Spanish King vith M=r= George Ker. The 3 of Januarii, ane proclamatione to resist ye papists, # and all men to stand to ye religione presently professed vithin this # realme, in vich hes Maiestie hes beine brought up frome hes zouth: and # siclyk chairgeing all suspected papists to come and subscryue ane # band yat they sall not live as papists, bot in religione conforme to yat # presently professed. The 8 day of Februarii, the Earlls of Huntley and Errole # ver denuncit rebells, and put to ye horne, for not compeiring to subscryue # ye band concerning religione. The 14 of Februar, S=r= Alex=r.= Stewart and M=r= Johne # Grahame slaine be S=r= James Sandilands at ye fitt of Leith wynd. The 15 of Februar, the Earle of Angus brake ward out of ye # castell of Ed=r.= quha had beine in sen the first of Januar befor, for # sending l=res= to Spaine.

The 17 of Februar, Dauid Grahame beheidit at the crosse for # opin treasone, callit Lord of Fentries. The 15 of Marche, the King's Maiestie came fra ye northe, # q=r= he had beine sex veiks befor, and causit cast doune the palace of # Strabogie, and and place callit ye Slains, ane place callit the Newtoun, and # ane place for the tyme quhilk belongit to M=r= Walter Lyndesay, callit # the Brumhous, vith ane hous of Sir Jo=n.= Ogilvy's, callit ye Craige. His # Maiestie had vith him 5 bandis of men of weir out of Ed=r= Capitanes # George Todridge, James Inglis, James Williamson, and C. Dauidson and Geddes. The 20 of Marche, ane proclamatione at the crosse, charging # the Earles of Huntlie, Angus, Errole, w=t= diverse gentlemen and # Irishmen of the iyles, to compeir to the parliament for divers points of # treasone. The 18 of Maii, ane suddaine shower of rain and haile, the # said day being Monday, the chapmans standis and stuillis came sweming # doune the streit of Ed=r.= lyke as they had beine selling doune the # vater. The 19 of May, Katherine Muirhead brunt for vitchcrafte, # quha confest sundrie poynts y=r=of. The 4 of Junii, the laird of Johnestoun brake ward out of # the castell of Edinburghe. The 20 of Junii, M=r= George Ker brake ward out of ye # castell. The 21 of Julii, the Parliament haldin; the Earll of # Bothuell forfaulted, and hes armes rivin at the crosse of Ed=r.= be the heraldis. The 24 of Julii, at 8 hours in the morneing, the Earle of # Bothuell, the laird of Spott, M=r= Villiam Leslie, and M=r= Jo=n= # Colvill, came into the King's chalmer weill provydit with pistol; this Earle and hes # complices, came not yis way provydit with pistollis and drauin suordis to # harme the King's Maiestie aney wayis, bot becaus he could not get # presence of his Maiestie, nor speich of him, for the Homes, quho wer courtiers # with the King, and enimies to the said Earle of Bothuell, sua they # came in into hes Maiestie's chalmer, resolving yameselues not to be # haldin back, till they sould haue spoken vith him: and sua after yai came # in, hes Maiestie wes coming frae ye backstair and his breiks in hes # hand in ane

feir; howbeit he needit not. Ye forsaid Bothuell and hes # complices fell upone yair knies, and beggit mercie at hes Maiestie; and his # Maiestie being wyse, merciful, a noble Prince of grate pitie, not # desyrous of bluid, grantit yame mercie, and receivit yame in hes favour; # and at 4 hours afternoone, causit proclame yame hes frie leidges; and # upone ye 27 day, ye same proclamatione of ye Earll of Bothuell's peace # wes renewit at ye crosse vith heralds and trumpettis sounding for ioy. The 10 of Aguste, ane new alteratione offerit againe. The 20 of September, ye said Earle Bothuell chargit by ane # proclamatione at the crosse, yat he sould not come vithin 10 myles of ye King's Maiestie, under the paine of deathe. The 11 of October, the King's Maiestie ryding to ane day of # law, the excommunicat Lordis mett him, q=m= he receavit in his # favor, viz. Huntlie, Errole, Angus, S=r= James Chissim, vith sundrie # uthers. The last of October, ane conventione haldin at Leith, for # the same purpos concerneing Angus, Huntlie, and Errole, and yair # complices. The 2 of November, ane proclamatione yat na man truble ye # said papist Lordis, bot to receive yame and interteine yame as his # faithful and trew subiectes, as yai will be ansuerabill to him. The 7 of November, Smetoun hangit for braking of ward with # M=r= George Ker out of ye castell of Edin=r.= The same 7 of Nouember, ane proclamatione yat na man sould # repair to the toune of Ed=r.= without leive grantit be his Maiestie; # quhilk proclamatione greived the toune of Ed=r.=, specially the # ministers. The 27 of No=r.= ane proclamatione of the act of absolution # in fauors of the papist Lordis. The 7 of December, the Lord Maxwell slaine be the laird of # Johnestoun. The 11 of December, the Earle of Bothuell put to the horne; # quhilk day the said Earle Bothuell and Ker of Cessfurd met and faucht # tua for tua.

The 27 of Dec=r.= the Erle of Bothuell, nor the laird of # Johnestoun, na man sould receive yame, nor give yame interteinment. The 7 of Januar, the 4 penny plakis proclaimed: the 19 day # of the same, 4 penny plakis dischairgit. The 22 of Januar, the act of absolutione quhilk wes maid, # null and to no effect. The 4 of Februar, ane proclamatione for new cunzie, viz. 5 # pund pices of gold, and 50 sh. pices of gold; and of silver, 10 sh. # pices, 5 sh. 30 penny pices, and 12 penny pices. The 19 of Februar 1594, Prince Henrie wes borne, at the # pleasour of Almightie God, quhilk day befell on Tuysday. The 13 of Marche, his M. came to M=r= Robert Bruises # preiching, being Sonday, q=r= M=r= Ro=t= Bruis said to hes M. yat God wald # steir up ma Bothuells nor ane, yat wes ma enimies to him nor Boduell, # if he revengit not his and faught not Godis, quarrell and batells one the # papists, befoir he faucht or revenge hes awen particular. The 3 of Apryll, the King being ludgit in Robert Gourlay's # ludging, he came to the sermone, and ther, in presence of the haill # peipell, he promest to revenge God's cause, and to banische all the # papists, and y=r= requystit the haill peiple to gang with him against Boduell, # quha wes in Leith for the tyme. The same day, the King's Maiestie rais and # the toune of Ed=r= in armes. The Earle of Bothuell, quha wes in # Leith, heiring that his Maiestie wes coming doune, with the toune of Ed=r=, he # rais with his fiue hunder hors, and rode up to the Halkhill besyde # Lesteric, and ther stood till he saw the King and the toune of Ed=r= # approching neir him. He drew hes companie away throw Duddingston. My Lord Home followit till the Wowmet, at qlk place, the Earle Bothuell # turnit, thinking to have a het at Home; bot Home fled, and he followit; zit be chance little bluid. The King's Maiestie flue himself, seeing # the said chaice. Siclyke the King, upone the 5 day, raid out to have tane # Bothuell, bot gat him not.

The 29 of Apryll, W=m= Hegie hangit for receiving the Earl # of Bothuell. The 17 May, my Lord Home maid hes repentance into ye new # kirk befor ye Assemblie upone hes knies. The 8 of Junii, the Parliament haldin; at qlk tyme, the # Earles of Angus, Huntlie, Errole, M'Leane, Mackoneill, and Achindoune, # wer all forfaulted. The 30 day of Aguste, ye Prince baptized and named Henrey # Frederic, by the grace of God. The 16 day of September, ane proclamatione yat nae man # resett nor interteine the Earle Bothuell. The 17 of September, Allan Orme hanget for interteining the # Earle of Bothuell. The 24 of September, Johne Gibsone hanget, and James # Cochrane hanget, for enterteining the Earle of ye Earle of Bothuell. The 15 of October, the Capitane of Blacknes hangit, for # receiving and interteining the Earle Bothuell. The 3 of October, the battel of Glenlivit foughtin betwix # the Earl of Argyll, Generall for the King, agains the Earles of # Huntlie and Atholl, and ther associates. The chieffe, of not, yat wes # slaine one Huntlie and Atholl's syde wer, ye laird of Gight, Assinlie, M=r= # William Gordone, the Guidman Derth and hes sone. This Derth wes brother to Abergeldie. Thrie brethren of Tillachoudy, and ye zoung laird # of Drumdelgie.

The 4 of December, ane proclamatione charging all men not # to haue to doe w=t= the Earle Bothuell. The same 4 of December, Capitane Baillie hanget for # counterfetting the Great Seall agains the merchants. The 13 of Januar, George Muir hangit for slaing of twa # ministers, viz. M=r= Dauid Blayth, and ane Aikman. The 19 Januar, the zoung Earle of Montrois fought ane # combate w=t= S=r= James Sandilands at the Salt Trone of Ed=r.= thinking to # have revengit the slauchter of hes cusine M=r= Johne Grahame, quha wes y=r= # slaine with ane shot of ane pistol, and four of hes men slaine with # suords, viz. Johne Craufurd, Johne Grahame, George Dundass, and Alexander Boner. The 14 of Februar, ane of the keipers of the wardes in the # castell of Ed=r.= hangit for letting the Earle of Angus out of ward. The 18 of Februar, Hercules Stewart hangit, and ane Johne # Syme, for bearing companie and interteining his awen brother and the # Earle of Bothuell. The 23 of Februar, the Earle Bothuell excommunicate. The 10 of Marche, ane horrible tempest of snaw, quhilk lay # upone the ground till the 14 of Apryll yrafter. The 26 of Maii, Johne Gilchryst, Hendersone, and Huttoun, # all thre hangit for making of fals writtis, and pressing to # warifie the same. The 11 of Junii, ane callit Cuming the Muncke, hangit for # making of fals writtis. The 19 of Julii, James laird of Indermarchie, and his # servant, heidit, as partakers of the murder of the Earle of Murray and Patrick # Dumbar, in Dunibirsell in Fyfe, quha wer slaine the 7 of Februar 1591. The 14 of Aguste, Christian Johnestoun, ane widow in Ed=r.= # revest be Patrick Aikenhead. The toune wes put in ane grate fray be # the ringing of the commone bell. The said Christian wes follouit # and brocht back fra him, sua yat the said Patrick got no advantage # of her. The 15 of September, Johne Macmorrane slaine be the shott # of ane pistole out of the schooll. This Johne Macmorrane being # baillie for the

tyme, the bairns of the said gramar schooll came to the tounes # counsell conforme to yair zeirlie custome, to seek the priuiledge, quha # wes refusit; upone the qlk, ther wes ane number of schollaris, being # gentelmens bairns, made ane mutinie, and came in the night and tooke the schooll, and prouydit yameselfis w=t= meit, drink, and # hagbutis, pistolet, and suord: they ranforcit the dores of the said schooll, sua # yat yai refusit to let in y=r= m=r.= nor nae uthir man, w=t=out they wer # grantit ther privilege, conforme, to y=r= wontit use. The Prouost and # Baillies and Counsell heiring tell of the same, they ordeinit John # Macmorrane baillie, to goe to the gramar schooll and take some order yrwt. The # said Johne, with certein officers, went to the schooll, and requystit the # schollaris to opin the doreis: yai refusit. The said baillie and officers # tooke ane geast and rane at the back dore with the geast. Ane schollar bad him # desist from dinging up the dore, utherways, he vouit to God, he wald # shute ane pair of bulletis throw hes heid. The said baillie thinking # he durst not shute, he, with his assisters, ran still w=t= the geast at # the said dore. Ther came ane schollar callit William Sinclair, sone to # William Sinclair chansler of Gatnes, and with ane pistolet shott out at ane # window, and shott the said baillie throw the heid, sua yat he diet. Pntlie # the haill tounesmen ran to the schooll, and tuik the said bairns and put # yame in the tolbuith: bot the haill bairns wer letten frie w=t=out # hurte done to yame for the same, w=t=in ane short tyme yairafter. The [^BLANK^] day of September, the Ladie Bothuell receivit # in fauor w=t= the King in Glasgow. The 4 of Oct=r=, S=r= Johne Maitland deceasit, being # chansler, and quha had bein chansler sen the Parliament haldin at Linlithgow in # December the zeir of God 1585. The 20 of October, Gilbert Lauder slaine in Linlithgow be # the Cranstouns. The 22 of Nov=r=, 4 heralds sitting drinking, tua of yame # fell in words, viz. Johne Purdie and Johne Gladstanis. The said Johne # Gladstanis stikit Johne Purdie at the table; and the said Gladstanis # being apprehendit,

he wes beheidit upone the 25 day of the same moneth of Nov=r=, for the same slaughter. The 3 of Dec=r=, the Ladie Bothuell banishit zet anes # againe. Bot w=t=in sex dayis yrafter, the said Ladie purchest ane letter of # peace sub=t= be his awen Maiestie's hand. In this pnt zeir of God, the dearthe of victuall increased, # and yair wes sic famine in yis countrie, the lyk wes nevir heard tell # of in aney aidge befoir, nor neuir red of since the world wes maid, as ze # sall heir: In yis moneth of October and Nouember, the quhyt and malt at # ten lib: the boll; in Marche yrafter, the ait maill 10 lib: the boll, # the humbell corne 7 lib: the boll. In the moneth of Maij, the ait maill 20 lib: the boll in # Galloway. At this tyme, ther came victuall out of uthir partis, in sic # aboundans, that betwixt the first of Julii and the 10 of August, thair # came into Leith thre scoir and sex shippes laden w=t= victuall; # nevirtheless, the ry gave 10 pund 10 sh: and XI the boll. The 2 of September, the # ry came down and wes sauld for 7 lib: the boll, and new ait maill for # vii sh: the peck, and 7 sh: and 6d: the peck. The 29 of Oct=r=, the ait # maill came up again at 10 sh: the peck. The 15 of Julii, the ait maill at # 13 sh: and 4d: the peck; the pease maill at XI - the peck. In this zeir, Clement Oor, and Robert Lumsden his # grandsone, bought beforhand from the Earle Marishall the beir mail # ourhead for 33 sh: and 4d: the boll. In the zeir of God 1597, sic incres of sawing, that the lyk # hes not bein hard of befoir. Ane man of Libberton, callit Douglas, had # of ten peckis of beir sawen 31 thrieff, and everie thrieff had # ane boll of beir and ane peck. Here we come to our former purpos againe in the zeir 1596. Ane proclamatione the 5 of Januarii, declaring perpetuall # peace betwix Scotland and England, and yat nane of the borderers invaid ane anuther, under the paine of death. Siclyke at yis tyme, the # generall musters proclaimed to be haldin the 2 of Februar nixt.

The 12 of Januar, ane proclamatione, declaring he Ma: hes # appointed aught Lordis for heiring of the checker comptis, and taking # order with the enormities and disorders in yis countrie. These # Lordis, all callit Octavians, viz. Alex=r= Seytoun of Pluscartie, Walter # Stewart of Blantyre, M=r= Johne Lindesay, M=r= Thomas Hamilton, M=r= James # Elphinston, M=r= Johne Skeine, M=r= James Craigie of Killatie, and M=r= # Peiter Zoung of Seytoun. The 2 of Marche, [^BLANK^] Campbell of Arkinles wes tane for # the slaughter of Campbell laird of Cadder; and one the 4 day, he # tholit ane assyze, and continuit day till day, till the 8 of Apryll, # he wes conveyit to the Blacknes till ward, and at length he wes maid frie. The 15 of March 1596, the King's M: made ane orisone befor # the Generall Assemblie, w=t= maney guid promises and conditionis. I # pray God he may keip yame, be content to receive admonitionis, and # to be collectit himself and his haill houshold, and to lay aside hes # awen authority royall, and to be as ane brother among yame, and to see all # the kirks in this country weill plantit with ministers. Ther are # in Scotland 900 kirks, of the quhilk ther are 400 without ministers or # readers. The 6 of Apryll, 3 men hangit, viz. Patrick Douglas, Patrick Boyd, and ane Syme. This Douglas wes a thieff or murderer, and brunt; and had continuit long unsuspected to be our man. The same 6 of Apryll 1596, the laird of Buccleugh past to # the castell of Carleill w=t= 70 men, and tuik out Will: Kynmonth out of the # said castell: the said Will: lyand in ironis w=t=in the irone zett. # Yis he did with shouting and crying, and sound of trumpet, puttand the # said toune and countrie in sic ane fray, that the lyk of sic ane # wassaledge wes nevir done since the memorie of man, no in Wallace dayis. The 7 of Apryll, the toune of Calles in France won by the # Spaniards, be the treasone of the merchantis w=t=in the said toune of # Calles. The 14 of Apryll, M=r= William Schaw wes stricken throw the # bodie w=t= ane rapier, be Francis Moubray, sone to the laird of # Barnbougle.

The last of Maii, ane proclamatione, chargeing all men # betwixt 60 and 16 to be in readines betwixt that and the first day of # August, to pas w=t= the King to the Iyles. Thair wes, betwixt the 1 of July and the VI of Aguste, to # the number of 66 schippes lost in Leith haven w=t= victuall. The 12 of Julii, Colonell Stewart made be opin # proclamatione Lieutenant, to pas to the Iylis. In this moneth of Julii, great troubill fell out betwix # Scottis and Inglishmen on the Border, nochtheles of the charge giuen in # the contrair in the moneth of Januar befoir. The 15 of Julii, 7 men hangit for reif, spulzie, and # murder. The 13 of Aguste, the Earles of Huntlie and Angus receivit # be the King in Falkland. The 19 of August 1596, the Quein's M: deliuered of ane # woman child, callit Elizabeth. The 18 of August, Colonell Stewart tuik iourney out of Ed=r= # to Glasgow, frae yat to goe to the Iylis. He bad w=t= him 3 companies of # men of weir. The 8 of September, thrie zoung men challengit for braking # of M=r= Johne Laing's hous. Some men sayis they did it mor for inuy # than povertie; for they wer craftsmen. Y=r= names wer, Robert Horne, Dauid Hislope, and Thomas Porteuous. They wer hangit at the crosse # on the 15 of September w=t= grate lament. The 20 day of September or y=r=by, the Earle of Errole, # Francis Hay, came hame to Scotland, and landit at Stanehiue. At this tyme, ane conventione haldin at Dumfermling, for # the Papist Lordis, bot continuit to the 28 of Nouember, to be haldin at # Ed=r=. The 2 of Nouember, the Princes came out of Dumfermling to # the Abbay of Holyruidhous. The 18 of Nouember, M=r= David Black minister accusit befoir # the King and secret counsell.

The 21 of November, M=r= Peiter Galloway commandit out of # the pulpit, and out of the chapell royall in the Abbay. The 24 of Nouember, the Papist Lordis commandit to pas out # of the countrie, or else to mak satisfaction to the Kirke. The 27 day of November, ane proclamatione, discharging all # conventions or convocationes of the King's leidges, w=t=out hes Maiesties # libertie. Ane uther proclamatione, charging David Black, minister at # S=t= Androis, to compeir befor the secret counsell the last day of No=r=. for # matters of treasone. The 28 day of No=r=. the Princes bapteisit, callit Elizabeth # be the grace of God, first dochter to hes Maiestie. The 8 of December, the Ladie Huntley came to Ed=r=. The 10 of December, ane proclamatione discharging the # former proclamatione qlk wes made the 27 of No=r=. concerning the # convention of the ministers. The 13 of December, commanding the ministers of aney shyre # or parochin to pas out of the toune within 48 hours, under the # paine of treasone. The 17 day of December 1596, being Fryday, hes Maiestie # being in the tolbuith sitting in session, and ane convention of # ministers being in the new kirke, and some noblemen being conveinit w=t= yame, as # in special Blantyre and Lyndesay, ther came in some divilish officious # persone, and said that the ministers wer coming to take hes lyfe; upone # the qlk, the tolbuith dores wer shut and steiket; and yair araise sick # ane crying, God and the King, uther some crying, God and the Kirk, that # the haill commons of Ed=r=. raise in armes, and knew not quherfor # allways. Yair wes ane honest man, quha wes deiken of deikens, hes name wes # Johne Watt, smythe. This Johne Watt raisit the haill craftis in # armes, and came to the tolbuith, quher the entrie is to the checker hous, # and yair cryed for a sight of hes Maiestie, or ellis he sould ding up # the zet w=t= foir hammers; sua that nevir ane w=t=in the tolbuith sould come # out w=t= yair lyfe. At length, hes M: lookit our the window, and spake # to the

commonis, quha offerit to die and liue with him; quhilk # commonis of Ed=r= offerit to die all in ane moment for hes M: weill fair: # sua hes M: came doune after the tounesmen wer commandit of the gait, and # wes convoyit be the craftis men to the Abbay of Holyruidhous, q=r= # he stayit yat night; and, upone the morne, he rode out of the toune, and # sent back the chairges, as ze sall heir heirafter. This tumult bred # grate troubill betwixt his M: and the toune of Ed=r=. The 18 of this same December, ane proclamatione # dischairging the session, commissaries, justices or sheriffs, to sit or doe # justice; and siclyke, dischairging all maner of personis, barons or gentilmen, to # pas out of the toune w=t=in 6 houres, under the paine of horning; and # siclyke, calling the ministers seditious persones in the proclamatione. The 20 day, ane chairge to the provost and balzies, to take # and apprehend M=r= Robert Bruce, M=r= William Watsone, M=r= Walter # M'Canquell, M=r= James Balfour, and M=r= Michael Cranstoun, with uyrs, # coming to the number of ten, and put yame in ward in the castell of # Ed=r=: As also, they wer chargit to compeir the King and counsell the 23 in Linlithgow, to be accusit as seditious and reasoris of # tumultis, and convocating of his leidges; and the 25 day, the ministers put # to the horne with some tounesmen. The 22 day of December, Stephin Brunfield slaine upone Sanct Leonardis Craigis, as apeirs be James Carmichael, second sone # to the laird of Carmichael. Upon the Sabbath day y=r= after, nae preiching in Ed=r=, # nather befoir noon nor afternoon, the lyk hes not bein sene befoir. The 27 of December, four proclamations. The first, that nae # man resett nor intercommon w=t= the ministers, nor w=t= the burgess # quha are put to the horne. The second, concerning M=r= David Black, and # hes accusations and answers; and yat, since hes committing in ward, he sent letters to make sedition. Thirdly, that the ministers sall # have no stipends.

The last day of December, the King came to the Abbay, and # pntlie command wes givin, by opin proclamatione, that on the morne # the Earle of Mar sould keip the West Port, my Lord Seytoun the # Nether Bow, my Lord Livingstoun, Buccleugh, Cessfurd, and sundry # uthirs, to keip the Hiegate. Upone the morne at yis time, and befoir # yis day, yair wes ane grate rumour and word among the tounesmen, yat # the King's M: sould send in Will Kinmond the comone theiff, and so # maney Southland men, as sould spulzie the toune of Ed=r=: Upone the qlk, the haill merchants tuik yair haill geir out of yair # buiths or chops, and transportit the same to the strongest hous that wes in ye # toune, and remained in ye said hous yair w=t= yame selfis, y=r= servants, # and looking for nothing bot yat yai sould haue bein all spulzeit. Siclyke the # haill craftsmen and comons conveinit themselfis, y=r= best guides, as it wer 10 # or 12 housholdis in ane, quhilk wes the strongest hous, and might be # best keipit from spulzeing or burneing, w=t= hagbut, pistolet, and # uther sic armour, as might best defend yameselfis: Judge, gentill # reider, giff this wes playing. Ther noblemen and gentilmen, keipers of the # portis and Hie Gaitt, being sett at the places foirsaid, with pike # and speir and uyr armour, stude keiping the foirsaid places appointit, till # hes Maiestie came to S=t= Geilles kirk, M=r= David Lindesay making the # sermone. Hes M: made an orisone or harang, concerning the sedition of the # seditious ministers, or as it pleased him to terme yame. The same day, being the 1 of Januar, David Edmonston of # the Wowmit slaine be Thomas Christoun be the shott of ane gun. The session in Perth, and the provost and the bailzies, summond to # byde tryal. The 10 of Januar, 3 proclamations at the crosse. The first, # yat the Session sould sit down in Perthe the 1 of Februarii: The 2. # chairging the provost and balzies and counsell, and deikens of craftis, # to enter in ward in Perthe the same first of Februar, ther to byde tryal # for the fault commitit be yame the 17 of December: The 3. yat giff the # ministers speik aney thing of the King or counsell, they sall be tane # out of the pulpit and put in prisone, till yai be punishit; or ellis # the heirers to incur the paine of lyfe, landis and geir.

The 4 of Februar, ane proclamation, that the Session sould # sit in Leith, and to begin on Monday the 7 day. The 6 of Februar, being Sunday, M=r= David Lyndesay made ane sermone befoirnoone, and afternoone ane uther to the comons of # Edinburghe in the grate kirk. The 5 of March, sundrie proclamations concerning the # ministers and the papistis, and of the personis appoyntit to traite w=t= # the Earle of Huntlie concerning Dunibirsell; and the ministers inhibit not # to excommunicate w=t=out the advyse of the General Assemblie, and yat yai speik not of the King, nor court, or secret counsell with diverse # injunctions: and nae man to troubill the Earle of Huntlie, nor nane of his. The 10 of March, the haill counsell and committie of Ed=r=, # wer denuncit rebells, and put to the horne, because William Mould compeirit not in Perth, w=t= the rest of the commissioners. Tua men slew # another, the 11 of Marche. Williame Gluffer, and James Hepburne, slew # ane anuther at the single combat on the hill callit Sanct # Leonardis Craigis: the said tua ver buriet on the morne y=r=after. The 15 of Marche, ane singill combat foughtin betwixt Adam Bruntfield and James Carmichael. The said Adam Bruntfield # challengit James Carmichael for murthering of his umqle brother Stephin # Bruntfield, Capitane of Tantallon. The said Adam purchasit ane licence of hes M: and faucht the said James on Barnbougle Links, befor # fyve thousand gentilmen; and the said Adam being bot ane zoung man, # and of a mein stature, slew the said James Carmichael, he being as # abill a lyke man as wes living. The 18 of Marche 1597, M=r= William Leslie hurt in the # Canongaitt be three brether of the Frenches. The 22 of Marche, the toune of Ed=r= relaxit fra the horne, # and receivit into the King's favour againe, and the Session ordainit to sit # doune in Ed=r= the 15 of May yrafter.

The 23 of Marche, the King drank in the counsell hous w=t= # ye baillies, counsell and deikens. The said baillies and counsall convoyit # hes M: to the West Port therafter. In the mein tyme of yis # drinking in the counsell hous, the bells rang in the steipell for ioy of yair # agrement: the trumpetis sounded, and drums and quhistles playit w=t= # maney uther instruments of musicke, as might be playit one; and the toune # of Ed=r=, for the tumult raising the 17 of December befoir, wer ordainit # to pay to hes Maiestie threttie thousand merks Scottis. The 13 of Apryll, Patrick Cuninghame heidit for slaughter # of George Preston of Haltries. This same Patrick confessit that he slew # the laird of Lag, vith ane shott out of hes awen hand. The 20 of Apryll, Serlie Bui came to ye toune, ane hyland # man. The 22 day, the ministers relasit simpliciter frae the # process of horning, vizt. Messrs Robert Bruce, James Balfour, William Watsone, and Walter M'Canquell. The 4 day of Maii, James M'Oneill, alias Serlie Bui. The 7 # day of Maii he went homeward, and, for honour of his bonyalla, the # canons shott out of the castell of Edinburghe. The 23 day of Maii, ther wer sex proclamations at the # crosse of Ed=r=. 1. The gold and silver cryed doune. 2. That no wares be # brought out of England. 3. That the wool be not transported. 4. That 2 # penny peices of copper be cunzied. 5. Yat ther be a new custome # takin of all goods either importit or exportit. 6. Anent ye order of # home bringing of bulzeon to the cunzie hous by the merchants. The 25 day of Maii, ane proclamatione, heightening the # custome to 3od of every pund, vich extends to the 8 penny, and especially # of English goodes. The 6 of Junii, ane proclamatione, yat no man take upone # hand to give out money aney deirer, nor ten for the hundreth, or # victuall according therto,under ye paine of confiscatione of all ther goodes, and punishing of ther bodies as usurers, yat does in the contrarey.

The 18, Archibald Wauchope of Nidrie slaine be the laird of # Edmonstoun in Scletter's close. The 19 day, Sybella Dewar spous to Johne Baillie, drounit # herself in the Northe Loche. The 23 of Junii, ane proclamatione for taking of the cunzie # hous. The 13 of Julii, ane feight or combat betwixt the laird of # Drumlanrick and the laird of Johnestoun and y=r= assisters. Johnestoun had ane servant slaine, callit Adam Andersone. The 21 and 22 dayis of Julii, proclamations discharging the # haill office men of the cunzie hous, as the master, warden, sayer, # sinker, and prenters. The 24 of Julii, the King gave the ministers leive to # preich. The 27 of Julii, George Heriot maid the Quein's goldsmythe, # and intimat at the crosse be opin proclamatione and sound of # trumpet; and ane Clei the Frencheman dischairgit, quha wes the Quein's # goldsmythe befor. The first of August, the Earll of Angus relaxit fra the # horne and excomunication. The 4 of August, the Earles of Angus, Huntley, Errole, wer # relasit fra the horne w=t= ane herald and 6 trumpettis. The 6 of Auguste, the pest began in Leith. The 15 of Auguste, Patrick Schilich hangit for being at the # raid of Leith with the Earle of Bothuell, qlk wes the thrid of Apryll # 1594. The 7 of October, the laird of Buccleugh deliverit in # Ingland. The day [^BLANK^] of November, the Earle of Cassilis mariet # upone Fleeming, quho wes Chansler Maitland's wyfe befoir. The 6 December, the Earles of Huntlie and Errole came to # Edinburghe. The 7 day of December, being the first day of the # Parliament, Archd: Jarden, servitor and mr: stabler to the Earle of Angus, # wes slaine negligently be Andro Stalker, goldsmythe at Nidrie's # wynd heid. The said Andro wes apprehendit and put in prisone. The # zoung

men of the toune being all in armes, as yai use to be in the # tyme of the Parliament, yai came to his M: and desyrit grace for the zoung # man quha had done ane reckles deid. The King's M: desyrit them to # goe to my Lord of Angus the man's mr: and satisfie and pacifie hes # wrath, and he sould be contentit to grant hes lyfe. James Williamsone # being capitane to the zoung men, came to my Lord of Angus, offerit him yair manreid to be readie to serue him giff he had to do: upone the # qlk, he grantit yame hes lyfe, and sua the said Andro wes releisit out # of prisone upon the reid-day at evin. The 12 of December, the Earlis of Angus, Huntlie, and # Erroll, restorit, and bure the honours frome the Parliament house to the palais # of Holyrudhous. The 19 of December, Home of Wedderburne and Thomas Fowlis, made thesaurer, comptroller, and collector. The 16 of Januar, Thomas Fowlis conceivit seiknes. The 8 of Februar, Johne Windiezetts, Johne Moscraip, # Alexander Lowrie, Johne Halliday, and cap=t=, James Lowrie, all hangit at # the crosse for counterfeiting fals wreittis, quhilk wes grate pitie to # sie. The 17 of Februar, the King being in the grate kirk of # Edinburghe at the sermone, M=r= Patrick Gallaway red out ane tikit, the # forme or maner of the devisione of the four kirkis of Ed=r= ane quarter # of the toune to everie kirke. The said 17 of Februar, betwix 9 and 10 in the morneing, # ane grate darknes be reasone of eclipes, sic ane darknes hes not beine # sene, for the haill pipell w=t=in Ed=r:= yat knew not quhat it wes, # thought yat it had bene Duimsday. Merchantis and utheris yat wer ignorant, # steikit ther buith doris and ran to the kirke to pray, as gif it had bene # the last day. The 20 day of Februar, Thomas Dobie drounit himself in the # Quarrel holes besyde the Abbay, and upone the morne, he wes harlit # throw the toune backward, and therafter hangit on the gallows. The 12 of Marche, the convention or assemblie in Dundie. The 14 of Marche, the Quein's brother came to Ed=r:= Hes # styll, the Duck of Holsten.

The 18 of Apryll, Ed=r= wes devydit in four quarters to be # four parochines. The 19 of Apryle, M=r= Ro=t= Bruce receavit and admittit. The 26 of Apryle, M=r= James Balfour maid mariage and # baptisme in the Littil Kirk, qlk wes ye first yat wes done in yat kirk. In ye beginning of yis moneth, the societie begun to y=r:= # work at the Gray Friar kirke. The 2 of Maii, the Duck of Holsten got ane banquet in # M'Morran's ludging given by the toune of Ed=r.= The King's M: and the # Queine being both yr: ther wes grate solemnitie and mirrines at the # said banquet. The 27 of Maii, the laird of Johnestoun his pictor hung at # the crosse with hes heid dounwart, and declarit ane mansworne man; # and upone the 5 of Junii, he, and hes complices, wer put to the # horne, and pronuncit rebellis at the crosse be opin proclamatione. The 3 of Junii, the Duck of Holsten, the Quein's M: brother, # tuik schipping at Leithe: to his bonalay, 60 shott of ordinance # shott of the bulvarke of Leithe. The same 3 of Junii, Robert Cathcart slaine pisching at the # wall in Peibleis wynd heid be W=m= Stewart, sone to S=r= W=m= Stewart. # The same Robert Cathcart wes at the slaughter of the said S=r= W=m= # Stewart befoir, sua yai yat slayis will be slaine. The said S=r= William # Stewart, q=n= he wes slaine, wes in the Earle Bothuell's companie. In yis zeir of God, the ait maill sold for 6 sh: the peck, # and 5 sh: and 6d. the peck. The 26 of Junii, ane conventioun haldin, at qlk ther wes # maid certaine actis: 1. Concerneing the agrement of the deidlie feids. 2. Of yame yat wer put to the horne for slaughter. 3. Ane act for # the 9 Barones that had tane the Iyles in few. 4. Y=t= the Monday sould be a # day of absteining from work. 5. That nae man speik for the laird # of Johnestoun, nor speik w=t= him, nor haue to doe w=t= him. 6. # The Earll

of Angus maid lieutenant and wardene of the border. 7. That the # debt awand by hes Maiestie to Thomas Fowlis, be payit in 6 zeirs, # viz. 30 thousands merkis everie zeir. 8. The Bischope of Glasgow # restorit to hes liweing of the bischopric of Glasgow. The last of yis Junii, ane suddaine fyir in Leithe. The 10 of Julii, ane man, sume callit him a juglar, playit # sic sowple tricks upone ane tow, qlk wes festinit betwix the tope of S=t= # Geills kirk steiple and ane stair beneathe the crosse, callit Josias close # heid, the lyk wes nevir sene in yis countrie, as he raid doune the tow and # playit sa maney pavies on it. The 3 of Aguste, ane tumult or faucht in the border be # deceit of Inglismen: q=n= the Scottismen wer at the hunting, yai wer sett # on be the Inglismen, q=r= yair wes 6 Scottismen slaine, and 40 gentlemen # tane be the Inglismen. About yis same tyme, Neil M'Lane slaine, and twentie of hes # narrest freindis, and hes awen sone, be M'Connell, yai being at ane # tryst under trust. The 23 of October, ane proclamatione of the laird of # Merkistoun, that he tuik upone hand to make the land mair profitable nor # it wes befoir, be the sawing of salt upone it. The 28 of October, Colonel S=r= William Stewart, with hes # complices, maid saill out of Leithe to the Iyles and Lewis, &c. The conventioun the last of October. Hes M. with hes # Estaitis, decernit ane act concerning the papistis and jesuitis, yat nae persone # intertein yame. Ane uther concerneing yame yat made excus for deidlie feids, yat yai wald not come and receive the communione, nor # be annuellie with them, bot remainit obstinat from the Lordis. 3. # Concerneing horneris, yat yai sould be put in ane table, and yair names # writtin and hung at the mercat crosse of the heid burgh of schyr; w=t= # sundrie uther circumstances. 4. The forreine cunzie to have na passage # as of befoir; the Frenche croune III. 4.; the Inglishe teston 13. 6.; # the ryal of 8. 4. 3. 4.

The first of No=r=: the tolbuith alterit; and upone the 4 # day, being the Sabbathe, ther wes preiching in it, and baptisme: the same # alteration wes alterit to the former estait w=t=in fyve zeir after. The 6 of No=r=: the King came to Ed=r=: to sie the # Magistratis chosen, and chusit Alexander Seton Lord Fyvie, and president of # Scotland, Provost of Edinburghe: Baillies, viz. William Hamiltone, Johne # Moristone, James Foreman, and Johne Lowrie. The 19 and 20 of November, the Lordis Supper ministred in # all the 4 several parioch kirks of Ed=r=: quhilk wes the first tyme # after the alteration of the tolbuith. The 5 of Februar, Lentrone began, bot wes stayit, be # reasone of the banquet and mariage of the Earle of Sutherland and M=r=: of # Forbes w=t= twa dochters of the Mr of Elphingston. The 12 of Februar, the laird of Riccarton stricken throw # the bodie be the twa brether of the Borthicks. The 15 of Februar, twa men hangit at the crosse for fals # l=res= The 16, James Corbet wryter, hangit in lyke maner. The 20 of Marche, the assemblie haldin at Montros; sex # ministers chosen to be upone the secret counsell, and to have vot in # Parliament. The 27 of Marche, the convention at Perthe. The 2 of Apryll, being the Sabbathe day, Robert Achmutie, # barber, slew James Wauchope at the combat in S=t= Leonard's Hill, and, # upone the 23, the said Rt put in ward in the tolbuith of Ed=r=: and # in the meine tyme of hes being in ward, he hang ane cloke w=t=out the window # of the ironehous, and anuther w=t=in the window y=r=, and saying yat # he wes seik, and might not sie the light: he had aquafortis continuallie # seithing at the irone window, quhill at the last the irone window wes # eiten throw; sua, upone a morneing, he caused hes prentes boy attend quhen # the toune gaird should have dissolvit, at qlk tyme the boy waitit # one and gaif hes Mr ane token yat ye said gaird wer gone, be the schaw # or waiff

of hes hand-curche. The said Rot; hung out an tow, q=r=on he # thought to have comeit doune; the said gaird spyit the waiff of the # handcurche, and sua the said Rot: wes disappoyntit of hes intentione and # devys; and sua, on the 10 day, he wes beheidit at the crosse upone # ane scaffolt. The 2 of Julii, the laird of Johnestoun restorit to hes # honours at the crosse of Ed=r=, be the proclamatione of a herald and 4 # trumpettis. The same 2 day, Johne Kinland of Waristone murderit be hes # awin wyff and servant man, and her nurische being also upone the # conspiracy. The said gentilwoman being apprehendit, scho wes tane to the # girth crosse upon the 5 day of Julii, and her heid struck fra her # bodie at the Cannagait fit, quha diet verie patiently. Her nurische wes # brunt at the same tyme, at 4 houres in the morneing, the 5 of Julii. The 11 of Julii, the laird of Carmichael buriet, quha wes # slaine be the Armstrangis and Carliles, he doing and executing his # office of wardenrie, upone the 16 of Junii befoir. The same 11 of Julii, newis came out of Flanders, of ane # batell fouchten at Newport, or betwix it and Slus, upone the 23 of # Junii befoir, q=r= ther wes slaine 4 thousand Scottis and Inglish, and # sicklyke slaine of [^BLANK^] Spanzeardis 7 thousand men. The 19 of Julii, Colonell Edmont landit at Leithe, and # haldin at great reputatione for hes wisdome and activitie in the waris # of Flanders. The 21 of Julii, at 9 houres at evin, a combat or tuilzie # betwix twa brether of the Dempsters, and ane of yame slaine be Johne # Wilsone, and being tane wi hait bluid, he wes execut at the # flesche-stocks, qr: he had slaine the man the nicht befoir. The 5 of Auguste, his M: the King being invitit be the # Earle of Gowrie to banket w=t= him at the said Earle his hous at S=t= # Johnestoun. The said Earle and hes brother bearing, or haveing malice and # deidlie hatred in their hairtis agains the King y=r= naturall prince, # yai had deuysit ane way to have tane hes lyff; bot the Lord preventit ther # intentione. The maner of the conspiracie wes - Quhen they fund occatioun # that hes M: haill nobillis and courtiers wer gone furthe, the twa # brether desyrit

his M: to goe and sie yair cabinet. His M: a blist soul, # thinking of no euil, went w=t= yame, q=r= they enterit in gripis w=t= him w=t= # dageris to have slaine him. The King of kingis, the grate God, gave him # strenthe; sua that he twist the Mr: of Gowrie under hes feit: and befoir # the Lord hes brother came to hes M: he cryit ouir ane window, Treasone! # Treasone! In the meine tyme, the foirsaid twa brether, had ane man # standing behind the tapestrie in armes with ane twa handit sword in his # hand, quha wes ordeinit, giff yair sould come aney helpe, he sould # come furthe and keip the dore till the murder sould be done; bot it # pleasit God yat he wes maid powerless, and could not steir out of the # place qr: he stuid. In the meine tyme that hes M: and the twa brether # are at the wrestling, Thomas Erskine and Johne Ramsay, hes M: page of # honour for the tyme, came rinning up to the cabinet qr: yair pntlie: # wes hard payment: at the last, the twa brether conspyreris of hes M: # baith wer stikit; and the Lord preservit the holy innocent prince. The newis came to Edr: the 6 day of August, that hes M: had # escapit sic ane danger, q=r=at yair wes sic ioy yat the canons shott, # the bellis rang, the trumpettis soundit, the drums strak. The toune rais in # armes with schutting of muskettis, casting of fyir workes, and banefyirs # set furth, in sic maner the lyk wes nevir sene in Scotland, ther wes sic # dancing and mirrines all the nicht. The same day, in lyk maner, the Earle of Montrois being # chanseler, the Master of Elphingston thesaurer, Sir David Murray # comptroller, S=r= James Elphingston collector, w=t= sundrie uther nobillis, # went to the crosse of Edin=r:= and yair hard Mr: David Lindesay mak ane # orisone, and the haill peiple sett down on yr: knies, giving thanks to God # for the King's deliuerance out of sic ane grate danger. The 11 day of Auguste, being Monday, the King came ouer the # water. The toune, with the haill suburbis, met him upone the sandis # of Leithe in armes, w=t= grate ioy, and schutting of muskettis, # and shaking of pikes. He went to the kirk of Leith to Mr: David Lindesayis # orisone. Y=r=after, the toune of Edr: haveing conveinit up to Edr:, and # standing at

the hie gaitt, hes M: past to the crosse, the crosse being # hung wt: tapestrie, and went up y=r=on wt: his nobillis. M=r= Patrick Gallaway # being yair, made ane sermone upone the 124 psalm; he declarit the haill # circumstances of the treasone proposit by the Earle of Gowrie and hes # brother, qlk the King testifiet be hes awen mouth sitting upone the # crosse all the tyme of the sermone. The nixt day following, at 6 houris at evin, the fyve # ministers of Edr: banischit be opin proclamation and sound of trumpet at # the crosse, for not affirming the King's words qlk he ratifiet at the # crosse. Thair names, M=r= Robert Bruce, M=r= James Balfour, M=r= William # Watsone, M=r= Walter M'Canquell, M=r= John Hall, and chargit yame yat # yai come not w=t=in ten myles of hes M:, nor w=t=in ten myles to Edr, # and charging yame not to teich and preich, under the paine of deathe. [^DIARY OF SIR ARCHIBALD JOHNSTON OF WARISTON, 1632-1639. ED. GEORGE MORISON PAUL. SCOTTISH HISTORY SOCIETY, 61. EDINBURGH 1911. SAMPLE 1: PP. 366.37-380.39 SAMPLE 2: PP. 400.8-412.5^]

On Mononday I heard of Gods work in mooving the doctors of St. Androis, with confession of thair fault and profession of repentance, to subscryv and suear the covenant solemnely.

I thought that Gods providence was remarquable in schuting out Mitchel, Thomson, Fletcher, Eliot, out of thair auin churches on the sam day tuelmonth they begoud to read the service book, and in putting in honest men to preatche in thair churches three sermons in that day of publik # humiliation for this cause of God, quhylas they thought that day tuelmonth to haive custine out all refuising preatchers, and al preatching itselth; and in maiking the Counsel of Scotland quho had sat last on the Foorsday bygon tuelmonth befor, 23 July, returne to sit in Edr. that same Foorsday tuelmonth. Gods works ar wonderful and his wayes remarqueable, bot we taik not paines to remarque or remember them and prayse him for them. That day I fand Gods assistance in revising and correcting the Inglisch Information, and got good in the Tuesday morning. On Wednesday, 25, in the morning I recommended to the Lord Mairion Barton, nurse to my daughter Eppie, quho was going to be maried that day, and sought the Lords blissing thairunto in Chryst Jesus. On Foorsday I was, by my exspectation, comandit to goe to Glasgou for setling the trouble was thair and the aparent rent was to be in the whol body; at desner I satisfyed my L. Montgomry, young Blair, and Mr. Gavin Forsyth. Afternoone, being urged to goe, I gart refuise Mr. Gilbert Rosse, chuse Mr. Hery Rollok, and helped to drau over my L. Yester to the journey. I refuised Mr. Hery Rollok and Mr. Robert Dalgleisch for my auin ease to send out for my L. Balmerinos bildert; [\'Bilder, obs rare, a kind of horse, a nag.' - # Murray's New English Dictionary.\] sent out for my auin bot on # Frayday morning after prayer, seing myselth disapoynted, was in a great raige at my man, and was only setled with this thought that the Lord had a providence in hindering me, and if he had any thing a doe with he wald caive his providence in furnisching me. Haiving sent to al pairts and finding no horse to hyre nor to borrou, I went to the closehead to persuade Mr. Hery

and the burroues to goe without me; and, going to the port for that end, by gods providence drauing good out of evil the first man we meet with is my L. Balmerinos man with his litle bilzard, quhilk I out of discretion had refuised to # send for. This rancounter of Gods particular providence incouraged us al, and assured me of so good successe to the busines and of Gods using me as ane instrument thairin. I ryde behind the rest and thought on this and uther siklyk particular acts quhairin I durst not deny the sight of Gods particular hand. At night we came to Glascou and the noblemen, Yester, Montgomry, Fleiming; siklyk al Saturday we had many difficulties meiting and reasonings foranoone with Patrik Bell, quhom we mooved to delyver his protestation and subscryve simply with the ministers, to quhom I, being comanded, did represent the whol busines in a long discours. Afternoone, I conferred the space of tuo hours and dreu over the Principal in our meiting; and, hearing Capringtoun and the Principal of Edr. (to induce the regents to passe from thair protestations) to declaire verbo that the Covenant itselth conteined thes same restrictions, did reserve thair judgment and rayther import that thes things in themselves wer allouable nor disallouable, I rose and publickly protested in naime of the whol Covenanters, especyaly of thos quho in thair # consciences condemned thos things,- amongst quhom I professed myselth ever to haive bein,- that no declaration eyther verbo or scripto of that kynd sould eyther be maid be any of the Commissioners, nor suffred to be maid by any quho offred to subscryve, seing it was not only without the bounds, bot contrair to the whol tenor of our commission, quho cam thair only to cancell al declarations of that kynd already maid and to imped the lyk in tyme coming; and I urged that any man, quho would subscryve, sould subscryve (\cum silentio et in comuni forma\) without expression of any reservation # quhatsomever;

and for cleiring the point itselth I declaired that, for the old Confession, it wer temeritie and disobedience to the General Assemblies and Acts of Counsel to seek # interpretations and declarations of it, and ane high praesumption in us to give them; and as for that clause in the last addition, concerning our forbearing of practise and approbation til tryel, did not indeed medle with our judgments anent the laufulnes or unlaufulnes of them. After great disputing and thortrings Mr. Arch. Fleming and tuo doctors subscryved simply; al the protestations wer delyvered to be cancelled; the ministers ordained publikly in pulpit to declaire thair sorrou; the Principal got fyfteine dayes for to advyse. # Thairafter in the toune house we was al maid burgesses. On Sunday I heard Mr. Jhon Bell foranoone; and Mr. Hery Rollok afternoone upon Jacobs wrastling, 'Let me goe for morning apeareth,' 'I wil not let the goe except thou blisse me,' quhairupon Mr. Hery for tuo hours spaice went beyound himselth, was wonderfully assisted, and mooved mightely the people that day. The ministers maid thair confessions. On Mononday Mr. H. Rollok preatched and thanked the Lord for his providence and successe in that our voyage quhilk I had almost omitted, craives pardon, and thanks the Lord for that work. The Proclamation coming to Glasgou by Gods providence, with the noblemen, gentlemen, burroues, and ministers I went up to the crosse and read solemnly the lairge Protestation; thairafter the Principal subscryved # simply. Afternoone, I went to Loudoun, and thair finding neyther Lord nor Lady, quhyle I was going away not knouing weal quhair to goe I was recalled by sight of them. That night my Lady and I discoursed til tuo hours of the morning, and I got good in the praying with hir and seing hir mooved. On Tuesday afternoone and at night, after good conference, I recomended hir to God. Being deteaned on Wedensday I heard sermon foranoone, conferred afternoone with Mr. R. Blair; after supper with my Lady about Gods providence in bringing hir and hir

husband to that unlooked for estait, and his contrarie yet as gracious a providence to me in disapoynting me of great estaits, quhilk sundry looked for unto me; - as first, quhen my grandsir S=r= Jhon Arnot offred to buy Graunton to me, then by my goodsirs deceas, then by my faythers naime in my guidames lands quhilk bot by ane particular act of Gods # providence schoe was remembred to follou hir affection in chainging them to my uncles naime, then by my uncles unlooked for children, then by removeal of my first wyfe with quhom it was thought quhat (\in re\) quhat (\in spe\) I # had gottin my airmes full of the world. Thairafter I got good in prayer. On Foorsday morning I went with my Lady through the Beleif and applyed it in prayer. Being convoyed by my Lord beyound Loudonhill, meikle of the way I remembred my yesternights discours of the contrarietie of Gods providences, yet both gracious, to divers persons; and I thought that this same sight of Gods hand in thos disapoyntments of ordinary apearances and secondary means confirmed my hope and exspectation of his promised dealing evin aboundantly with me, notwithstanding I fand presently the contrary of my estait running al to ruyne; and the sight of som peices of mettal brought out of som of my L. Loudons hill maid me cast my thoughts if perhaps it was by som accidental mean as of coal in my ground, or by som unexpected way of succession, or his visible blissing on my lauful calling, he was to blisse # me. Howsoever my heart was so fully quyeted with that thought of my auin happines that my lot and portion was not in my auin carving nor praescryving, bot in the hand of my wyse, kynd, omnipotent, provident Fayther, on quhom alon and allanerly I reposed my rest. On Frayday I heard hou matters went in Aiberdein that

glaids bird, and receaved letters with ane Bible ful of pictures from London. On Saturday I was idle with Mr. R. Lighton. On Sunday I heard Mr. Jhon Chairtres on that Psalme, 125, 'They that trust in the Lord ar lyk Mount Zion.' On Tuesday I heard the Marquis was coming, gat neu lettres of faire neues from Ingland, got good that night and the morning thairafter in my familie, and hearing Mr. Jh. Burne on that of Isay, 'In returning to the Lord is saifty, # and in confidence is your strenth.' On Foorsday night I dreamed the great danger I was brought in, to be minted with ane straik of an quhinger by the King himselth, bot without great skaith. I got good hearing Mr. James Scharpe on the Cananitisch woman; and I prayed the Lord to give me occasion both of remarquing his general favors to this churche, and his particular favors to me in it # in this subsequent moneth and treatie with the Commissioner; that ever the Lords work may advance, and the Lord may contineu the imploying of his unworthy servant thairin for Chryst saik. On Saturday I heard Mr. Hery Rollok maik the praeparation sermon in Corstorphin upon 3 c. Coloss., 12 v., 'Put on thairfor as the elect of God, holy and beloved, bouels of

mercies,' etc.; quhairin I got good, and in the hom ryding, and at the hearing of Gods sudain hand on my daughter and his saif hand in delyvering hir againe unexpectedly from suerfing, and in recommending my familie to God. After desner, in the yaird being half custin in sleape by the devil # I rose, walked, and was wakned by meditation, and got som libertie. Finding the Lords Sprit coming, I went in to the old high gallerie, and thair for ane long houre I got extreame # great libertie of pouring out my verry heart in Gods bosome with a sueat schoure of melting tears and sobs, and with ane long pouerful intercourse betuixt the Sprit of God and my saule, ever quaestioning of the Lord quhat he demanded and requyred of me; and, at every poynt and particle quhilk the Sprit # condiscended on al or mor nor ane hundreth particulars, my saule ever echoed back unto him with ane earnest petition for every point that he craived; as quhen he instanced that I sould seek his face, setle my heart, and fixe my delight on # the light of his countenance, consecrat saule and body to his service, glorifie him in my lyfe and death, walk in him, with, and befor him, interteany the motions, follou the directions, beleive the consolations, feare the checks of his Sprit, # submit my will, familie, chyld, staite, naime, calling, absolutly to # his cutting and carving thairupon, to grou in union and comunion with him; and so forth, for half ane houre, my saule rebounded with great fervencie ane particular petition to every particular demand, as, 'O my God, thou knoues my inabilitie, unworthines, guiltines, and gracelesnes; O Lord, I desyre to seek thy face, maik me seek it and find it; I desyre to consecrat and imploy my saule in thy service bot I cannot: O Lord thou, quho only can doe it, doe it for Chryst Jesus saik.' After this half hours continual intercourse in this # kynd with a neu rusch of tears at every particular demand of God and my sauls aunsuear (quhilk was as sensible betuixt us as if # I had bein speiking face to face with God, yea as mutch mor sensible as the senses of the saule being fully possessed and taiken up with divyne objects ar mor sensible and # understanding nor the senses of the body) my saule got itselth fully # disburthened on my God, and was comanded to receave the morrou the sacrament as ane infallible pledge of Gods glorifying the aeternallie with himselth, and ane undoubted gage of the Lords

glorifying himselth in thy lyfe and death, yea, in thy calling and in this thy particular imployment in his auin cause, quhilk he in his auin tyme wald assuredly perfyte and use the, albeit of al the most unworthie, yet as ane main instrument in his hand for that end; yea, as ane sure taiken that the Lord wald contineu his former maner of dealing with the in his outward providence and inward indulgence as sensible and visible to the, for the, and in the, yea mor nor ever befor; wald performe al his promises quhairon he had maid you to trust; aunsuer your hopes; heare your petitions; croune the odnes of his beginnings with as odde ane progresse, ane odder end; and force the befor thou went of the world to acknouledge he had doone al this and mutch [{mor{] nor thou could ask, think, or beleive, yea evin that the Lord wald blisse visibly # his servant and his house, albeit thair was no present apearances bot of the contrary, quhairin yet I fully submitted my wil and also my interest of former hoopes and promises, if therby he might ony wayes be mor glorified, or his churche aedified by the contrary. Thairafter, befor supper, in the publik prayer for the space of ane hour I was mightely mooved, and I got som good after supper. On Sunday foranoone I heard Mr. Dav. Basilly on 4 Luik, of Chrysts reading the passage of Isay anent his coming to bind up the brokin hearted, and to preatch the acceptable yeir of the Lord. Thairafter I got good at the taible. Afternoone I heard Mr. James Sharpe on 14 Hosea, 'I wil heale thair bakslydings, and love them freily'; quhilk I prayed the Lord to verefie the first pairt in me, as he had verified the second. As in my familie in the morning I had gottin libertie, after great deadnes in privat, quherby I promised to # acknouledge his mor immediat if he wald breath lyfe upon the dead bones; so, after my privat retyring at night, for a long houre I got good in my publik exercise befor supper, and som after supper. On Mononday morning I got som good in privat and publik. On Tuesday I looked over Arnisaeus Politiks. On Wedensday

foranoone I was comanded to drau up som reasons if defence of ane of burroues ratifying the Covenant, and som reasons for chainge of moderators, quhairin both I fand Gods particular facilitating assistance; and therby was incouraged to venter # on the drauing up of som reasons against the praelimitation of Assemblee, quhairin I fand ane most present influence of Gods Sprit dyting it in me, and distilling it through me as bot through a chanel; quhilk moved me to exspect that God hes som good to doe be it, and maid me sensibly acknouledge and thank him in my nixt publik exercise both morning and evening. On Foorsday morning, quhyl I am ending the last reasons, Mr. David Aytoun brings me in the first volume of the books of the General Assemblee, quhilk we haive bein seiking thes many year and could never heir tell of til nou; blissed be the naime of the Lord our God quhos good hand, of ane gracious providence, is so sensible to cast al things and # means necessar in our lappe, and to remove al impediments out of the waye quhilk he suffers to fall in neyther for our sins nor sins of our faythers, as Chryst sayd of the blind man in the Gospel, bot that he might glorifie himselth in the removeal of them out of the waye, and manifestation of his mor visible in the perfyting and the perfection of his work through so many difficulties castin in be our adversaries, quhilk our Lord both turnes the furthering of thair ruyne and advancing of his auin work, and forceth us to seie it and to acknouledge it. Blissed be his naime for ever and ever; and, O my saule, blisse thou him for ever and ever. On Frayday morning, we gat elevin articles from the Commissioner to be performed by us befor the indiction. That afternoone we reasoned and dreu up in a committe som aunsuears to them. On Saturday morning, the ministers Taible and the uther threie Taibles differing about elders choysing of Commissioners from presbyteries, Rothes and Loudon with som barons,

burroues, went to the ministers, quhair the Lord mooved and inaibled me to cleir the quaestion from the 2 Book of Discipline and Act of Parl. 1592, quhilk did mutch good and settle us al in unitie. Afternoone, we delyvered our aunsuears to the Commissioner, quho protested that his resaiving them might not be called ane acquiescing with them. On Sunday I heard on Mr. J. Admiston preatch foranoone on 1 Corinth. 16 ch. 13 v., 'Watch ye, stand fast in the faith, quyt you lyk men, be strong'; and afternoone, Mr. J. Bennet on 10 Exod. 24 til the end, quhair he spook verry fitly for the tyme, and quhair I applyed the hinder end of the 26, v. 'And we knou not with quhat we must serve the Lord until we come thither,' unto our general aunsuear against al conditions and praelimitations of the General Assemblee quhilk most decyde al by Gods assistance. Upon Mononday, the Commissioner his aunsuer was delayed til Tuesday. That night Mr. Alr. H. got my ten reasons, quhilk he dreu up in sevin. On Tuesday, we heard Mr. D. Dik preatch on 5 ch. 1 Jhon, 'Quho overcometh the world, bot he that beleiveth that Jesus is the Son of God?' Foranoone after sermon, quhilk was cleir against al limitations, threie noblemen spak with the Commissioner. At night I suped with the Inglisch gentleman quho was nou come. 22 Aug. On Wedensday, 22, in the morning, I dreu up som reasons (\pro\) and (\contra\) the delay craived be the Commissioner; # it was disputt with great heat (\utrinque\) al foranoone quhair in the mean tyme the sight of the Marquis letter to sum Aiberdein doctors confirmed al refuisers of a delay, and al afternoone quhair againe the report of canon and armes come to Bervik confirmed them againe; and quhairas on Tuesday night the souple, indefinit delay, as it wer, by on sprit raleing [\Ruling.\] and animating the hol foor Taibles # was refuised in the verry sam expressions and for the sam reason, yet this day the noblemen suithered and voited to ane delay, quhair the Commissioners of the barons declaired thair absolut refuisal. This night againe was permitted to deliberation.

On Foorsday morning, in the Grayfreires after Mr. A. Ramseys sermon on 18 Revel., 'Come ye out of Babel,' on Jesuit Aibernethie maid his recantation and declaration, and was resaived within the bosome of this Kirk; after the quhilk, and the oportunitie of it, we blisse God and # acnoledgeth his wonderful hand in both. After sermon I learned the project of the Kings subscryving the confessione apairt. Foranoone, I sustained 'no delay' against al oppugners, quhair in the reasoning we fell upon the point of present choysing our commissioners for the Assembly, and after som doubts was cleired in this particular, first at the noblemens taible, then at al the rest; quhairupon we concluded to condiscend to the delay, bot without praejudice to us to use al lauful meanes of diligence for our busines, as the choysing of our commissioners in the interim, quhairin we sau Gods threefold work, drauing unitie out of great distractions of mynds, both by diversitie of judgments, contrarietie of opinions, and jealousie of mens affections, maiking us al reneu our oath of union and of praevention of al corruptions; putting us a step forward by choysing our commissioners quhyle we was lyklie by delayes, praelimitations, corruptions, to haive gone many a step bakward; blissed be the name of the Worker by contraries. On Frayday, the Commissioner refuises that condition of the delay (quhilk was indeed overmutch concealed) quhairupon we was al put to a neu confusion; and in my L. Lornes chamber many promises, asseverations, and oaths was maid in the Commissioners naime that he sould treuly indevour and deale most earnestly for the freie Assemblee quhilk we craived. Then my L. Lorne publikly, at ane general meiting of al the Taibles in the neu checkerhouse, reneued the same promises and assurances. Quhairas upon this we wer al lyk to devyde, at night my L. Loudon and I in on pairt, my L. Rothes and Mr. Alr. Henderson in another, directed by Gods Sprit fand out this medium of delaying our choyse of commissioners til after the 20 of September, and then immediatly to be executed befor the Commissioner could

devyde us be his projects and offers, threats, and # proclamations, quherby we al in on judgment agreied upon Saturday, blissed be the Lord, and delyvered to the Commissioner som articles quhilk he was to recommend to the King. He went away presently, and we dreu up in a privat Committe directions hou to order the elections in presbyteries; the Lord mor and mor direct us for Chryst Jesus saik, and taik caire least his auin churche suffer any detriment be thir delayes. On Sunday morning in Costorphin yaird I dreu up betuixt the bells a narration of our proceidings anent the declaration of the Covenant, and our arguments preiving that the # Commissioner was weal satisfyed thairwith, quhilk thairafter was the ground of Mr. Aler. his aunsuear to the Marquis his # declaration. I heard foranoone Mr. D. Dick upon 5 Acts v. 29, 'Better to obey God then man'; quherby he prooved that disobedience to God could not be obedience to authoritie, - (\nec contra\) , obedience to God could be disobedience to authoritie, it might weal be disobedience to man. Upon Mononday, Mr. David and I went in to Edr., mett in privat with Mr. Alr. and Mr. D. Calderwood, dreu up our directions, publik for presbyteries conteaning the draught of the Commission, and privat for trustie persons. Afternoone,

we dreu up the publik letter to be sent to presbyteries, and reasons for ruling elders, and against constant moderators. On Tuesday, we heard Mr. William Colin preatch on 102 Ps. 13v., 'Thou wilt aryse and haive mercie upon Zion, for the apoynted tyme is come.' Afternoone I distributed amongst the ministers for every presbyterie on of the printed reasons for the assemblee, on of the publik, on of the privat # directions, on of the reasons for ruling elders. That night, and on Wedensday morning, I got the letters subscryved be the noblemen, barons, ministers, burroues, and delyvered the letters to the ministers that afternoone; siklyk, letters to the schyres was delyvered to the barons. On Foorsday I wryte out my aunsuear to D. Corse, and gaive it to Mr. D. Calderwood quho was aunsuering it fully. On Frayday morning I was verrie seak, had a great loosnes in my belly; heard Mr. Robert Bruce upon Chryst casting the buyers and sellers out of the temple. I went out to Wairistone, and remembred hou the Lord had brought me up through many diseases in my bairne aige, contrair to any bodies exspectation; did yet every yeir nurtur me by yeirly seaknesses and paines to hold me lou; and yet assured me he was not soone to remove me, bot was praepairing great things for me, and me for them; 'Blissed be his naime', sayd my saule, 'for this his continual kyndnesse, and blissed be his naime # that at this last meiting maid us to advance in his cause, at least # in resolution, tuo great steps, the on of restoring ruling # elders, quhilk wil mainteane our kirk discipline and hold Episcopacie at the staffe end, the uther of chusing commissioners to the assemblee befor they be distracted, brybed, corrupted.' I pray the Lord we may heare of the Lords hand holding hand to the execution of thir resolutions quhilk he put in our mynds, so we may seie the Lords work further and further advancing to his glory and our comfort, for Chrysts saik. On Sunday, I heard Mr. Jhon Chairtres, and read privatly the treatise of 'Timothy and Titus unbischoped.' That day, amongst uther thoughts, it pleased the Lord to bring to my

mynd that he resolved to justifie al the former proceidings of his saints our forfaythers, quho opposed and resisted al thes # corruptions quhilk nou we ar endevouring to roote; and quhairas thair action of protesting (in face of Assembly and Parliament) in naime of the reformed churche of Scotland was reproved by many as both usles to us, and hurtful rayther by irritating authoritie; nou the Lord schaues the laufulnes and expediencie of that, quhilk as it held lyfe in the cause and keeped the Lord as it wer in a legal possession of his right and # priviledges quhairof he was violently robbed by mens tyrannie, so nou it is justified by the most pairt of this whol churche and # kingdomes adhaering to thos Protestations, Greivances, and Supplications maid of old to Assemblies, Parl:, Counsels, against thes corruptions. And, quhairas thos worthy servants of God wer confyned and condemned as traitors for holding Aiberdeins Assembly and declyning the Counsail, the Lord wil haive us to justifie that passage also as we haive doone by our printed Reasons for ane Assemblee, our Resolutions and Declarations, in word and deed, to hold it without the kings indiction; and nou by chusing commissioners to it afor hand; by our auin declyning of the Counsail, and declairing in our schort # relation that the Assembly sould only haive judged of thair proceidings, and can only judge of ours. Lykas I remembred that the Lord by Balmerinos proces was maiking way for this busines, albeit contrair to the then aparant reason; and, by my parerga and distractions fra my calling to Parquer, Amesius, # Cartwright and siklyk for ane yeir or tuo was therby praepairing me (by my knouledge and exspectation) for this present imployment. Oh, the deipnes of the wysdome of the wayes of the Lord! Al the nixt week I was reading Altare Damascenum de Episcopo and Parquers 3 book de Politeia. Upon Frayday, after distractions with my Lady Cranston and my L. Balmerino, I sate up the most pairt of the night maiking Annas compts, quherby I fand myselth adebted to hir above ane thousand pounds quhairof I did not befor dreame, quhilk reneued my feares o my estaits undermynding running to dogdraive and dyverie, and with the thoughts

thairof confounded me and begoud to dasch my assurances and exspectations evin of the Lords liberal external dealing with me; bot that, in the verry mean tyme of thir my confused thoughts, the Lord brought to my mynd his particular caire and providence in casting in my lap, during al my wants and sumptuous expenses of building and spending ever aboundance of moneys albeit perteining to uthers, as first Riccartons moneys, then Beatrix hir moneys, then Anna hir moneys quherby the Lord hes staiked me in the mean tyme, and be that his provyding caire forassures me that, in his auin tyme, he wil find out the wayes (quhilk semes nou to be hedged in on al hands and syds) quherby to releave my estait and mynd both of this burden of debts, compts and reckonings. For, as he never cust me on a great straite, lot me seie ane # impossibilitie to winne out of it by human helpe or apearance of a secondarie mean, maid me notwithstanding thairof both cry to him and trust in him, bot he heard me above my prayer and blissed me above my desyre, and forced me thairafter to acknouledge both in his presence out of ane sensible # experience, as naimly and mainly in the setling me in my calling and imploying me thairin immediatly to his glory, so nou I am in this particular mutch straitned, seieth many # impossibilities, yet calleth and trusteth in the promises and forassurances from my God, and certainly wil find the constancie of the same maner of dealing in the event; albeit evin nou whyle I am wryting, the world, reason, sense, al apearances, and secundarie means beareth on my throat and sueareth in my face to the contrary; yet evin in this particular, beyound, # above, yea contrair to hope, I rest on the infallible love, # irresistable pouer, indulgent providence, and forseing, forcairing wysdome of my Lord, my God, my Fayther, my Saviour, my Sanctifier, quho persuads me as in the principal, so in this corollarie of the neu covenant to me in that maner and measure quhairin the world schal seie, and I schal be forced to acknouledge, # the Lords outward providence to drop fatnes in my lape; to cover my taible in despyte of my enemies; to maik my portion of fatt and marrou in pleasant places; and to maik my cup to overfloue. Remember, O Lord, thy promises quhairon thou forceth thy servant to trust.

Upon Saturday morning, Mr. Airthour Mortoun and I disputed anent constant moderators and anent bischops, and anent the expedience or inexpedience of offending the king or the weak Christian, quhairin I got and gaive mor and mor light. By the way, Mr. Alr. Henderson told me, quhen I was schauing him the absolut necessitie that he most be the Moderator, that the Lord had bein humbling him and exercising his mynd the whol moneth befor, quhilk I told him I took as ane praesage that the Lord was to use him as ane greater instrument of his work in his hand, albeit he was emptying him out of himselth befor hand: and, I thinking again and again, I took sutch ane impression of God will in poynting out that man as the man quhos hand he had blissed hitherto and wald blisse cheifly in that main work, that I went through the noblemen, and barons, and maid every on sensible of that impression. Haiving come to Glascou and brought in the Commiss. with intelligence of the bischops being in Hamilton, I was vexed that night with irresolution anent my lodging; at last I was forced to goe up to my L. Louduns chalmer, quhair I got libertie both at night in privat and publik, bot especyaly in the morning of the Saboth in my bed and, after my rysing, in his bakstaire. That night we held som privat meitings anent choysing the Moderator and the Clerk. I got libertie at night. Mononday al day I went from hous to hous seiking lodging

to Mr. Alr. Henderson, Mr. D. C., and myselth, quhilk I got after a dayes traivel. Upon Tuesday, I dreu up the reasons against the objection of horning, quhairin I fand Gods assistance, quhilk satisfyed every bodys mynd. On Wedensday after sermon be Mr. Jhon Bell, the Assemblee entred and proceided publikly according to the treatise of proceidings in privat. I dreu up the reasons for election of a Moderator, of a Clerk, for refuisal of # assessors, for refuisal of advocats to plead thair, and anent the # registers. I fand Gods assistance in them al. I heard that som wald haive had Durie clerk; I put it over upon God, and fully resinged my interest to him, that if I got it not out of the Lords hand I wald not medle with it. We heard of the Commiss. policie to naime Mr. A. R. moderator, and Durie clerk; bot the Lord wonderfully maid the hearts and voices of al to run on way, both in the election of Mr. Alr. and of me, without discrepance of a voice bot on. At my entree, being prohibit befor to maik no speatch, I did only acknouledge the weightines of the chairge, my auin insufficience and want of experience, Gods providence and the Assemblees unanimous good aestimation bringing me that chairge, and solemnely prayed the Lord to graunt me that occasion and assistance so to dyte, wryte, minute, and exstract, sutch # reasons and conclusions as might declaire unto al the royal # praerogative of King Jesus the Son of God above al praerogatives, and might tend to the extending of his Kingdome through al the borders of the earth. This day I produced for my first act the registers of the Kirk, and can never sufficiently admire and adore the goodnes, wysdome, and providence of God in praeserving them and

bringing them to our hands at sutch a tyme, - magnified be his naime, - as this was a solid fondation to us, without the quhilk we wald haive seimed to haive buildet upon sand; so it was a sore strok and cutthroat of our adversaries and thair cause. I got good every night by retyring to prayer with my Lady Loudon and hir daughter. I sau Gods providence praepairing my Protestation in the morning befor the Commis, went away. I sau the Lords hand moving my L. Erskins heart, in the jimp to ruin of the Commiss. depairting; moving my L. Argyle to resolve to taik pairt with us opinly, and to cleare himselth in the Commiss. face; moving the moderator, Mr. D. Dik, Mr. H. Rollok to speak so weal; and the Sprit of Gods presence in prayer never caived so mutch til that night, 28 Novemb. Gods choysing sutch a tyme, so oportun for thes works to the incouragment of any doubtsom mynd, with the manifold declarations and aprobations the Lord brought out of sundry counselors mouths, is to be wondred at and magnifyed; als in the bringing Argyle of thair course at sik a tyme, quhairin it incouraged and strenthened the cause mor nor if had doone it befor; and especy~ I remarqued to seie the Lord cast in sik difficulties in the bischops proces as we could not weal seie throu, and yit thairafter to read our feit; to put us sik fears of division for ruling elders and # yit end us in unitie; to seie the Lord so cleirly convincing every bodys mynd by reading the warrands and proofs of the nullities of every on of the six laite assemblys, so that, as the Lord # layd a sure fondation for us in the production of the registers, so nou he hought the verry principals grounds of our adversaries, to wit thes laite assemblies, to dasch so our enemies stoutest champions, that neyther the doctors of Aiberdein durst come over, nor the bischops, albeit in the toune, compeir to # reasone; to cause condemne the books and the commissions; to seie thos traitors to God and man, the enemies of this church and kingdom, to get justice by deposition and excomunication after great difficulties. In the great committe, quhair my L. Argyle was sitting in the Tolbooth, I cleired al thair mynds that Episcopacie was condemned in this churche. I dreu it up in a lairge treatise

by Gods assistance, as lykwayes anent the articles; in the Assemblee I scheu al the warrants and read the verry acts themselves out of the registers and aunsuered al objections; and quhairas, both in the morning we heard of some wald publikly disput for Episcopacie and many scores came to the house resolut to voyte for it, yet the Lord maid the Acts so # to convince thair mynds that every mans mouth acknouledgit that they had bein abjured and removed; and, quhen I was reading the roll and heard no word bot 'Abjured and Removed,' I was struken with admiration, and yit my thoughts fails to aprehend that great and wonderful work of God, and yit my ears sounds ever with thes words (Abjured and Removed) Abjured and Removed. Siklyk it was als wonderful, in sik a diversitie of jugements and contrarietie of practises, thair was so great a unitie of abjuring and removing. About this tyme, looking on the imperfytnes of our minuts, I both thought sik schame and took sik thought that I almost fainted for very greif and anger; bot, in my extremitie, by Gods providence I was spokin to anent Sandie Nisbet, quhos coming to me I hoope evin heirby that neyther he nor I shal reu. To sie Gods providence maiking the ministers of Edr. be thair auin declinator to cast themselves out of that toune, and to seie the Lord assisting and directing me hou to guyde Mr. Alr. Hendersons transplantation so as it was doone: blissed be the naime of God, quho had poynted him out as the man he called to that publik place, and quhos transplantation or not I took as ane prognostication of the durablenes or not of this work of God in that citie of Edr. as in this land. Heir again the Lords gracious goodnes to me, after removing al impediments out of the way, by the Assemblees unanimous choysing me to be advocat for the Kirk, ane honorable bot also ane onerable chairge. Lord, maik me thankful and fruitful. Heir again after great fears, rumors, and apearances of division anent reuling elders, the Lord directed us to restore them to thair rights and liberties as they wer in the Book of Policie; as also after our resolution, out of fear, not to # medle with civil offices at this tyme, the Lord draive us to the

proponing of it, and wonderfully inclyned al thair mynds to the abhorring of them; quherby is evident that the pastors admitting ruling elders, casting of bischops, and condemning civil offices, titles, and great benefices, ar neyther led be # avarice nor ambition. Gods providence caived in turning the Ouvertures to Acts. Gods particular caire of me caived in remembring to maik the Act anent printing for the Kirks use and my benefyte. And quhairas my L. Argyle was oposing our ratification of our Covenant and the dischairge of the Kings, and urging ane reconciliation of both, so that we was confoundit with # thoughts hou to please al and keipe our conscience saife, the Lord # disapoynted al mid ouvertures as that written by my L. Argyles lettre anent a neu Covenant to be drauen up and subscryved by the kings aprobation unto the L. thresaurer; he brought to our hand first the Marquis Declaration quhilk fried us of al trouble to reconcile the Covenants, then word of the last # proclamation, quhilk further setled us and cleired my L. Argyls mynd in our discharging the Kings Covenant and injoying the Covenant subscryved in Febru. Heirin I fand God assisting me both to aunsuer the B. declinator, and to aunsuer at lairge the Marquis his Declaration. In the hinder end of the Assemblee the Moderators discours and prayers, my L. Argyles aunsuer anent himselth, and the singing of the Psalme, wer remarquable. Bot that last night was a heavie night to me, by reason I was eaten up with greif and anger against myselth anent taiking ane dolor for ane index, quhairof ministers compleined. This galled and gnaued me strangly al night and the morrou morning, bot befor my coming out of Glascou I got libertie in privat, promising to maik a right use of this sudain saire forwairning (quhilk I pray God graunt and opin my eyes to seie the use he requyres), and I got great libertie in Mr. Zacharie Boyds studie with my L. Loudon and hir daughter. Be the way I discoursed long with my L. Argyle anent the

progresse bygon and the subsequent event of this work; quhilk I sayd for many spritual reasons wald be found aunsuerable to the former beginnings, that the Lord wald praeserve his people from imminent inconveniencies, confound his enemies plots evin quhen they seim to be cleikit, and protect his people to a peacible end of his work in the midst of the greatest contrarieties. In Falkirk I got good with my L. Loudon, and was forced to acknouledge that the Lord had assisted this Assembly to doe mutch and far mor nor we could ever haive exspected, and that after so convincing a light and with so unanimous a heart and consent as was wonderful. Upon Saturday, 22 December, we came home to Edr., blissed be the naime of God, and heard hou the lettre # presented to the Lords of Session was taiken up again, becaus it was lyklie to bread a broyle. I heard Mr. H. Rollok on the Saboth and Mr. Alr. Henderson on the Wedensday. The Commission of Edr. sat doune on Wedensday, 26 December, and went on in thos proces quhilk are nou decerned, as apears in that register. In this mean tyme I was scrolling the Acts of the Assembly; I was revising again Duries alterations of my aunsuear to the Marquis his Declaration; and was drauing up the connexion of al the litle devyded treatises in ane body of the lang Protestation with my auin additions; quhatsomever I fand wanting I fand God assistance heirin. I was earnest with Mr. R. Douglas. I wryte to Mr. S. Rutherfoord, and thairafter to Mr. R. Douglas for furthering thair # transplantation. Upon the 7 Januar we send away Mr. George Wyndrhame to Court with our suplication, the Acts of Assembly, aunsuer to the Declaration of the Commiss., and to the B. Declinator, and ane Protestation against the lait Proclamation. Upon the Saboth befor I heard Mr. R. Douglas and Mr. Hery. Upon the Foorsday Mr. Alr. Henderson was admitted

minister of Edr.; and that night my wyfe, quhom the Lord had preserved til my homcoming, travailed and about 8 hours in the morning was lighter of a son, blissed be the good naime of God. I got libertie in seiking of God himselth in that blissing, and in recommending that infant unto the Lord. At this tyme I got libertie in my familie exerces. Margret Mitchel was in landwert seing hir guidame: schoe had spokin sundry tymes during the Assemblee, and once after our coming home. My mother was in the toune. Mr. Alr. Henderson teatched on Sunday foranoone upon the first chap., Jhon v. 16, 'And of his fulnes haive we al receaved, grace for grace': ane most excelent sermon; and afternoone, for his first hansel after his entree, he baptised # my son Archbald after my L. Argyle; the witnesses wer my L. Balmerino, the Maister of Balmerino, my L. Craighal, S=r= Leuis Steuart, Durie, Ingliston, Mr. R. Craig, Mr. Samuel Jhonston, Archb. Cambel. Al this nixt week the schyres was meiting anent thair military instructions; my wyfe was seakly; my auin mynd was drumly; my tyme confused and on morning sp. I had almost forgottin hou in the morning of the first of Januar I looked bak and read over my paipers of the first of Januar of the last yeir, and acknouledgit, first in privat and then in publik, the manifold transgressions of myselth, of my familie, of churche, of staite, since this tyme tuelmonth; and on the uther pairt, blissed the Lord for his manifold # unspeakable favors bestoued upon me, my familie, this churche, this staite, since this tyme tuelmonth; and layd a braid band befor the Lord the manifold necessities of me, my familie, the # churche, the staite, and craived pardon that I could not get al my paipers nou read over againe, nor al the particulars remembred; bot I promised to doe it quhen I got leasure, and told him that we lipend for als great favors the nixt yeir as this bygon from the same freie undeserved love, irresistible pouer, and infallible wysdome, quhairupon I cust myselth, my familie, this churche, this staite, and exspect ane occasion to fill up # al

my paipers with neu observances of Gods kyndnes and providence towards us. This week we heare the Lord had disapoynted our adversaries first plots, and wil disapoynt the second also. This Sunday that I wryte thir threie last pages my wyfe was unweal, the Lord releive and restore hir in Chryst. Upon Mononday and Tuesday my wyfe continued in a fit of a fever, and that justly for then again sp. That day M. Mitchel fel seik for greif of my wyfes seaknes. We heard of the kings receaving our suplication; we feared neu plots and mides of policie as mutch as acts of violence, bot the Lord of hosts against the on is the author of al wysdome against the uther. We feared my L. Argyles upgoing. I got good in privat exercises. In the Tolbooth and out of it, in the exercise of that # calling, I fand a great dulnes and absence of sprit and faintnes of courage and perplexitie of mynd; quhyle on Frayday both I begged his external providence and internal assistance to be with me in that calling, and to advyse if I sould undertaik L. Saltons cause and to speir if he wald assist me thairin. In the looking upon Annas busines I fand his providence casting up Menochius to clear me in the cheifest quaestions, quhilk maid me, befor I looked the passages, boue my knee befor him and beg the continuance of his providence and assistance in that and al uther actions of my calling. I remembred heir hou my wyfes seaknes was thought to proceid from melancholy for the daylie decay of my stait; this I represented to God as a great strait both to haive my estait to melt away quhen I exspected with submission upon his promise for the increase of it, and to losse my wyfe for the greif of that decay; I hooped the Lord drauing it to so great a height after his accustomed maner was haisting his # delyverie, quhairof evin in this extremitie I durst not doubt, bot told my confidence both to my mother and the Lady Currihil. 'Lord, quho hes lottin me seie thyselth in every thing befell # me, hes maid me seie the verefying al thy promises thou maid me to trust in, and quho comanded me, in despaire of sutch a

chainge, yet to exspect it from thy bounty, let me in his auin tyme seie himselth in the performance of this, that I may # evin, by his continuance of the rest, especyally his gloryfying # himselth in my lyfe, death, calling and graunt of that, be forced to # say, Nou al his external promises maid in my distres to me ar # performed indeed, housoever I taik heir the blank again and again, and puts in thy hand freily, fully.' Upon Frayday night I got word the Marquis of Hamiltone had a servand come doune with letters, apearantly to Counsel, anent the Kings voyage to York. We aprehended the deseinge of calling ane neu Assemblee, offring neu conditions and haiving ane armee ready upon our refuisal. I got ane long letter from Plam. informing me of many particulars. We # intended to haive intercepted the M. Huntlys letters. Upon Saturday morning I lighted on the thought of maiking ane addition to the Protestation, cleiring us from the calumnies spread through Ingland. I fand Gods assistance in the drauing of the first draught and wisches it may be useful. Afternoon it was mutch aprovin. On Sunday morning thinking on many things to doe, I was, I wayt not hou, induced to byde at home to draue up reasons of resistance (\in thesi, in hypothesi\) ; I craived in publik, # in privat, Gods direction quhither to doe it or not; and forsmelling that I wald not reu the doing of it becaus thair was som present necessitie and use of it quhilk as yit I kneu not bot wald # heirafter seie Gods hand in this praevention, I resolved to fall to it, only I most humbly begged of the Lord his presence and assistance in that maner and measure I had oft found it befor, bot especyaly in the praerogative and bischops caveats, and I sould acknouledge wonderful providence in the praevention and in his assistance. The Lord beginne and contineu with me, for I wayte not evin nou quhat to wryte or dyte. I went to sermon afternoone, and heard on Mr. James Wright. I set on to work to exstract my remarques out of Knoxe and Buchanan for the hypothese, and to turne Althusius reasons and (\De Jure Majestatis\) in Inglisch. On Tuesday night, being desyred to wryte a suplication to the Session for comanding Mr. James Gordoune to signet letters without the Bischops styles, on Wedensday morning I

dyted ane long suplication; and, incaise of thair refuisal of # it, I dyted that morning ane long Protestation. We gaive in our suplication to the Session, and being delayed til Foorsday we was then forced to protest against the saids Lords. Afternoone, haiving bein informed of the kings lettre to the Counsel for to seik thair advyce in every thing, # we suplicated the Counsel that, in thair aunsuer to his M. # letter, they wald cleire us from the aspertions of casting of # authoritie, and of invaiding of Ingland. We sau Crouner Hamiltons reneual of litle canons and of tuentie muskets, quhilk maid me to seie Gods providence and goodnes, quho, knouing both our poverte and ignorance and faintnes, hes send us many men of skil, wisdome, and courage, to doe matters as politikly and cheaply as may be. We heard, by many letters, advertisments of the Kings voyage to York with ane armee of tuentie or threttie thousand men. I got libertie in my privat exercises al this tyme, bot once sp. Upon Foorsday again my wyfe was unweal; Margret was extream seak; and I went through Parquers treatise of # Superioritie of the Churche over hir gouvernors, leaving blanks for a civil paralel. On Saturday night I was verry heavie upon the report of the slaiding of sundry persons from this work, and with the thought of the great diligence and coast used by Gods # adversaries for the ruyning of his cause with violence and policie they ar to use against, and of our cairlesnes, negligence, # and securetie. I got great libertie at my evening prayer for ane houre and ane half. Upon Sunday I heard Mr. Hery doe notably foranoone in the College, and Mr. W. Colvin at his first entree in the Old Churche afternoone. Upon Mononday I fand that the Lord gaive me a check and a rub in the entree of every thing I lipned for gayne, and heir greived me at my auin inconsideratnes in suffering to be added the Latin licence at the end of the Protestation, as befor at Glascou in giving out the first index; Lord, let me seie his end that I may observe and obey. This week came in our Protestations and Informations for Ingland.

On Wedensday morning sp. On Foorsday came neu letters fra G. Wyndrhame of 32 thous. horse and 60 thous. foot, and great bruits if divisions and defections amongst us. Upon Frayday I wryte to my Lord Loudon my judgment anent matters, that the Lord wald drau his people to the mount, thair to be seien be them the mor visibly; and that, upon thair weaknes and the pouer of his enemies as upon tuo pillers, he wald erect a touer of renomme to himselth; so # also, by suffering his people to contineu in securetie and # senslesnes, he was to manifest the mor sensible freidom of his undeserved goodnes to so misdeserving and indisposed a people, that the croun of his glory, quhilk he is winning, might be seien # to be plet with the threie links of a visible pouer, wysdome, and undeserved freidome of ane unexpected kyndnes, I was thinking that, apearantly, the Lord was praepairing a judgment for Ingland, quhilk was lyklie to aryse eyther by a mutinie of the people Protestant against the Popisch armee led by Popisch comanders, or by the King of France his invasion in the mean tyme, or by the Lords removeal of C. On Saturday the Acts of Assemblee came out; I pray God direct me anent thair pryces, and if that be the way of his releiving my burthens I craive his blissing thairto. On Sunday I thought thair was many necessar things to be thought on as reasons for defence, treu stait of the quaestion, reason of putting every on to it nou to declaire himselth. On Monday morning sp.; thairafter begoud to fall to the hypothesis of resistance in Scotland, quhairin I durst not hope for assistance without a pardone, quhilk I begd over and over again for Chrysts saik that my personal # transgressions imped not the great work of God. Al that week I was busie on the quaestion of defence, and by Gods assistance I wryte out my reasons and epitomized Brutus his reasons. I wrote the stait of the quaestion; and blisseth God for his felt assistance in al this. On Saturday I went to the Pans, after that, on the Frayday, I had endit a matche betuixt my sister Beatrix and the laird of Congilton. I got good in the ryding. I heard

Mr. Jhon Ker; got good in the feilds. I got libertie on the Sunday morning in the familie prayer for the space of ane houre. I resolved to maik my confessions, petitions, prayses, conjurations, not so mutch for myselth as for the churche. I heard Mr. R. Ker doe notably on 3 Revel., 'I stand and knok,' etc., both befor and the taible for his churche. I spread befor the Lord the 4 Exod. 10 v. Moyses contest and prayer for the people, 14 c. Numb. and 9 ch. Deuter.; the Psalmist confession for them, 78, and his experiences of Gods oportunitie in mans extremitie, 107 Ps., his wisch, 122 (for myselth, Jer. 1 ch.), for my challenges of # performance, Jerem. 32, 33, Ezek. 36, Hosea 2. I got good after the taible. Mr. Jo. Osual taught afternoone on 2 Ps., 'Be wyse, ye Kings,' etc. On Wedensday, the 20, was ane neu great meiting of noblemen; quhair, after many fals reports, we heard of Gods prospering by his providence the Earle of Montrois his voyage in the north, and that without blood, quhilk is a wonder and a great taiken the Lord is keiping this busines freie of # blood; and we heare of the Earle Marschals caiving mor nor befor and coming in at so peremptoir a tyme, and that by means of his Lady quho was bread a Paipist. Upon Sunday, 24, was ane solemne humiliation keiped to God for reconciliation, union, direction, protection; Mr. Alr. Henderson preatched notably in the Old Churche upon the end of the 43 Ps., 'Quhy art thou cast doune, O my saule?' I heard Mr. Hery afternoone on the 2 v. 1 c. I say. 'O heavins, heare; O earth, give ear,' etc. moving the affections most pouerfully, as the first mooves the judgment wonderfully. At this meiting the ministers concluded to informe al thair people both of the treu stait of the quaestion, not for the bair naime of a bischop, bot for al the differences betuixt Proclamat: and Protestat: as also the laufulnes and necessitie of defending ourselves in this caice by airmes. On Mononday we was busie on committies. On Tuesday Mr. Dav. Dick teatched on the 3, 4, 5, v. of 142 Psal. anent Davids defending himselth in the caive against Saule; quhairupon he cleired both the stait of the quaestion, and laufulnes of resistance.

Heir I most close this book, confessing my sins and blissing God for his former favors to this churche and to me thairin, and praying for many occasions to fill up many sutch like book with observations of his internal indulgence and external providence. Blissed be his name. [^THE DIARY OF JOHN LESLEY, BISHOP OF ROSS, APRILL 11 - OCTOBER 16, M.D.LXXI. THE BANNATYNE MISCELLANY. EDINBURGH 1855. PP. 117.1-149.24^] [^JOHN LESLEY USES SIGNS TO REPLACE SOME PROPER NOUNS; THESE INSTANCES ARE INDICATED BY THE WORD "SIGN" GIVEN IN OUR COMMENT.^]

[} (\COMMENTARIA DIURNA JOANNIS LESLIE, EPISCOPI ROSSENSIS, # LEGATI SERENISSIMI MARIE SCOTORUM REGINE IN ANGLIA.\) }] xj (^Aprilis^) 1571. - My Lordis Gallovay and Leveinstowne # departit furth of Lundon toward Scheffeild to the Queenis Majestie, quhair # thaj arriuit the xiiij day, being Pashe evin. I tereit at London. xij (^Aprilis^) 1571. - William Leslie of Carny departit # furth of Lundon towart France. That same nycht, James Cunneingam arryvit with # sure word that Dunbartan was taken, and my Lord Fleming eschapet, # and my Lord Sanctandrous in handis quha wald be execuite. xiij (^Aprilis^) 1571. - Jhone Chesholme departit towart the # Queene with letters. Charles Balze was takin at Dover with certaine printed # buikis in Inglish for Defens of the Queenis Honour and Title; and some # packedis

of letters quhilk war delyuerit till my Lord Burghly; and # Charles was put in clois presone in the Marschelsea. xiiij (^Aprilis.^) - My Lord Burghlie declared to me albeit # the Queene haid commandit me till depart towart the Queene my mistres +git he # had obtined licens to me to remane. xv (^Aprilis, being Pasche day.^) - I passit in the morning # till my Lord Burghly, and requestit him to be good in the mater tuiching # Charles. xvj (^Aprilis.^) - Robert Makesone and Melchior, the Spanes # Ambassadouris secreter, passit till visie Charles, and was haldin presonaris # in the Marschelsea. Bot Melchior was relivit within ten dayis, and Makesone still # kepit two monthis therefter. xviij (^Aprilis.^) - Charles was examinat be the Concell, # and was send to the Towre, quhair he was pute on the rak and racked a little, and # thairefter careit to the court and examinet agane, and returnit to the # Towre, and pepair and ink giffiin him to wreit his awin depositione: all # that tyme I maid continuallie suite to the Concell for him. xxj (^Aprilis.^) - I wreit to my Lordis Lecester and # Burghly, complenand for the racking of Charles, and that the president and example # was evile till all ambasadouris; and the Frenshe Ambassadour send to # Court to assist my former complent. And that same day the laird Garteley # departit towart the Queene with letters, and ane packed of letters from # my self to mony of the Nobiletie of Scotland, that no fault suld be # imput onto me that the Treatie tuik nocht better effect. He borrowit fourtie pundis sterleing from Acerbo de Vitelly, # for the quhilkis I am becum cautionar till be peyit within sax # monethis, and I haf Gartleis obligatione for my relief.

xxiij (^Aprilis.^) - Jhone Chesholme arryvit from the Queene # with certane packeddes of letters to France for him and Capitaine Muire, # P.D. xxvj (^Aprilis.^) - Jhone Chesholme, and Capitane Muir, and # Jackes, the Frensheman, departit from Lundon towart Ry, and so to France. I lenit to Johne Chesolm thre pundis, and to Capitane Mure # thre lib~s. striueling, to be payit to me agane, (\ut patet per # obligationes eorundem.\) (\Primo Maii\) 1571. - That day began gryt triumphe and # justing befoir the Queene at Vestminster; quhilk day I tuik the first fitte of # my feaver at ix hours at nycht, with ane gryt veirines, cold, schattring of # tyeith, and thair efter a gryt hait, quhilk held me all that nycht. The # same day Mr Dauid Borthik and Mr Williame Arthe arryvit with letters from # the Queene. (\2=o= Maij.\) - Doctouris Caldvall and Goode com and # visitit me, and declared I had the agew, and prescryvit remedeis, and that same day # caussit minister ane clyster. (\3=o= Maij.\) - I hade the 2 futte. (\4=o= Maij.\) - A vayne of my rycht arme vas oppened. I # laten bloud, ten or xij unces. The said day arryvit Williame Fuller, Michall # Gilbert, and vtheris marchandes, and brocht letters from the Queene, makand mentione # that my Lord Schrewesberrie was commandit to keip hir moir strait, and # hade pute new ordour till hir servandis; quheirupone I send till my Lord # Burghlie the letters that I resaued, and desyred him till get answer of the # Queenis Majistie of all thais particularateis, and delyuer the same till George # Dowglas, quha was till repair towart the Queene; quhilk he did. (\5=o= Maij.\) - I tuik my 3 futte.

(\6=o= Maij.\) - I tuik medecin, and George Dowglas departit # towart the Queene, quhairwith I send letters, and sic packedis as I hade resaued # from France. (\7=o= Maij.\) - I had the 4 futte of my ageu; and thair # arryvit from the Queene Mr Nynean Vynnart, the perfoumer, Gileis Reid appointit # till remane with me, and Gil+geam, Frenshman, to pas into France, and # Lowrence Gordon apuntit be his fader, my Lord Gallovay, to go to # Camarage. (\8=o= Maij.\) - I wreit at lynth in Scotland till # Leidtheintoun, Huntlie, Grange, and Robert Melving, and send thame be ship with ane marenall # callit Smyth; and tuik ane cleyster the same day. (\9=o= Maij.\) - I hade the 5 futte. (\10=o= Maij.\) - The Frenshe Ambassadour come and visitat # me in my seiknes, as he did very oft. (\11 Maij.\) - I had the 6 futte of my agewe. (\12=o= Maij.\) - I resauit letters from Mr Thomas Maitland # to be send to the Queene, and letters from Mr George Hackert, quho send me sum # bookes with Thomas Covy, viz., (\Theatrum Orbis Terrarum\) , contining # all the chartes that ar prented, with the Epistilles of Antonio de Gueuerra, in # Spaneis and Frenshe; with ane rym of fyne paper. (\13=o= maij,\) (^Sonday.^) - I hade my 7 fitte. That day efternovne, I lying seik in my fitte, thair com to # my lodging the Erle of Sussex, Lord Burghlie, Sir Walter Myldmay, and Sir # Ralph Saidlar, quha askit at me many questions, to the quhilkis I # anserit as seamit most reasonable and conuenient to me. And than presentlie they # did

sequester all my servandes from me, saiffing two, to depend # upone me in my chalmer, and apoynted two gentlemen of the Queenis # servandes, callit Mr Kingismyll and Maister Skipwith, to attend upone me in my # howse, and that none suld go furth nor cum in. Thai visitat my studie, # quhairin all my principale wretingis was, with ane litill coffer with sum # jevuelles thairinto, and tuk the key thairof with thame, and sealet the door; and # tuik with thame ane wretin buik of the "Defens of the Queenis Title # and Honour," to confer with the prent book to see yf thai war conform. I # made a minute of this conference. I deliuered to my Lord Burghly the copie of certaine lettres # writtin be Mr Randolph into Scotland aganis the Queene of Scottis my # Maistres, and complenit thairupon. (\14=o= Maij.\) - Efternoune the Queenis litter was brocht # to my lodgyng be hir awin servandes, quhairin I was careit to the Bischope of # Ely's howse in Holburne; quhair I remanit, and two serwandis with me, with my # cooke boy, and haid all my awin furniture, and maid my awin chargeis # during my residens thair. Thair was one of the Bishopis servandis # appoynted to be cator to by my meat, and all necessaries to me; and the said # two gentlemen did continuallie attend upon me, quhil the 17 day of August # that I departed from Lundon. (\15=o= Maij.\) - I hade my 8 fitte; and George Dowglas # arryvit in the towne from the Queene, and brocht ane packed of letters direct to me; # quhilk he delyuered to my Lord Burghly, with ane memor till by sume # graith to the Queene. Maister Fouller wreit to me to haif his lodging # delyuered onto him, becaus of my absens, and that my servandis suld haif the vther # lodging to remane into quhair my Lord Gallovay and Leveinstowne was; and # to that effect he did speik with my Lord Leicister and Burghlie, that # no impediment suld be maid be reasone of the studie that was loked and # sealet. I wreit to him answer at lynth, and that I wald pleis hym in that, becaus # I was to

pass to Esleintoune, quhen I gat my libertie; and commandit my # servand to gif him +L11, 13s. 4d. for the byrune maill of his howsis, as # is continit in the dobbill of the letter quhilk I wreit to him. (\16=o= Maij.\) - Sir Walter Myldma and Sir Thomas Smyth com # and spak with me, at the command of the Concell, and told me, thai hade # bene with the Spaneis Ambassadour, inquyring him, gif I hade delyvered # him any letters; and askit me, quha maid the booik of the Title. To the # quhilk I maid reasonable answeris, as is to be seine be the minutes of # that conference. (\17=o= Maij.\) - I hade the 9 fitte. (\18=o= Maij.\) - The packed of letters was send to me, # quhilk George Dowglas brocht be the Concell cloiss, quho willit me till take the # Queenis letters direct on to me, and to send the remanent to thame agane; and efter # that I haid oppened the packed and red the Queenis letter, I send the same # and all the rest to thame agane, becaus thai war onlie letters com from the # Erles Cassilis and Egleintoune, and otheris, compleining on the Erle # Lenox for the putting of thais two Erles in vairde during the Abstinance # and treatie; and desyrit thame till caus the Queene thair Soverane put # remeid tharto, becaus it tweched hir in honour to have that Abstinance kepit, # quhilk hade beine so many vais brokin. But I culd haif no answer thairto; # and becaus thair was credit commit till George Dowglas, I desyrit that he # mycht be sufferit to cum and speik with me. (\19=o= Maij.\) - I hade the 10 fitte. (^Sondai,^) (\20=o= Maij.\) (\21=o= Maij.\) - I hade the 11 fitte.

(\22=o= Maij.\) - George Dowglas com and spak with me in # presens of my keiparis, and told me of the Queenis estait, and that Mr James # Boyd had beine thair and returnit in Scotland, and that adverteisment # was cum thairfra that the Erle of Argyle, the Lord Boyd, and many utheris, was # cum to Edinbrucht; and that Mr James Kircady was saiflie landit at # Leith, and convoyit to the Castell be the Lord Boyde, and all that he # brocht; and that Lenox was in the Abbay, quhair he intendit to hold his # Parliament; with sundre uther lyk adverteisments; and that the Frenshe # Ambassadour had audience the day preceding, and that he himself hade # presented the letter wretin to the Queene in George Dowglas favour; bot the # Q. Ingl. wald not grant to wreit to Lenox for his favouris at this # present. That same day, the moist part of the Lordis of the Concell # com and dynit with the Bishop of Ely, and send me word be my two keparis, # that Maister Randell was callit before the Concell to answer to thaise # copeis of letters quhilk I hade giffin in, and that he answerit, that he # rememberrit not that he hade wretin ony such letters in Scotland; and thairfor thay # inquyred me, gif I hade the principalles to be produced. I answerit, # that I trustit the principalles was in the Queene my Mistres hands, and that I # wald vreit for thame so I myght haif my letters convoyed. (\23=o= Maij.\) - I hade the 12 fitte of my agew; and maid # ane letter to be sent to the Queene my Mistres, declaring my estait, desyring # hir to vreit to the Queene for my libertie, and to send Maister Randellis # letters, or els hir awin answer to the court; and wreit ane letter thairwith to # my Lord Burghly, desyring him till send the same till the Queene my # Mistres be the ordinar post, or els to gif ane pasport to one of my awin # to pass thairwith, and to returne with answer. Mr Kyngismyll did present theis # letteris to my Lord Burghly.

24 (^Maij.^) - George Robysone passed to court and spak with # my Lordis Lecester and Burghly; quho told him, that no ordoure wold be # tane in my effayres quhill the Parliament war endit. Quhilk nicht thair # com neuis that Mr Androw Leslie, my cusing in Ab~e [\Aberdene?\] , was # deceissed the 20 of Aprile, to my greif. This same day ane cariar passit to the # Queene, with quhom M. N. wreit my estait. 25 (^Maij.^) - I hade the 13 fitte of my agew. I receaved # ansuer from Court to reforme some wordis of my letter, and to send it be a # servand of my Lord Shreuberes, quha departit the 27 day; quhilk was done. 26 (^Maij.^) - I had a fitte, being the 14; bot it was bot # licht, and therupon I wan a nycht cap fra Doctour Calduell, who said I suld have no # mair efter the 12. 27 (^Maij.^) - I was more fast, and gat a clistere, and # efter that had no more fittes. 28 (^Maij.^) - I had no access of fitt in effect. 29 (^Maij.^) - I past furth first to tak the ayre, bot was # veray feble, and very [\weary\] or I culd retorne to the house from the gardin. 30 (^Maij.^) - The Queene of England past to the Parliament, # and endit the same; in the quhilk, contrare to the expectation of many, # she wold not conferme any Actes past for more extreme using of the # Religion, and sundry others. I was virie all that day for my passing furth the nycht # precedyng. 30 (^Maij.^) - The two Doctours, Calduell and Good, was with # me, and gafe every one of thame 12 angell nobillis for thair panis, # (^inde^) , 12 lib~.; and to

thair apothecar, 4 lib~. or thereby; and to the barbour that # oppined my vaine, ane angell; summa, 16 lib~. 10 sh. sterling; and thai # promesed to retorne as I suld have ado. Then begouth I to reid the Historie of Polidorus Virgilius # Anglie, partly be my self, and sumtymes causit my servand reid to me; quhilk # was compleitly red before the 16 of Junij therefter following, wherin I lerned # many notable historeis necessarie to be knowen. (\Primo Junij\) 1571. - I was trobled with a deflux and # distillation humours from my head, quhilk maid me to have sore teith, and a gryit # havines in my body, with a reast and constipation; and so continewit quhill # the 6 of Junij, that I was constrained to send for the phisicians againe. 6 (^Junij.^) - The two Doctours begouth a new cure, and gave # me thrie dayis following preparatives for a medicine. (^Sonday,^) (\x=o= Junij\) 1571. - They gafe me a potion of # medecine quhilk was the most vehement that ever I gat in all my tyme, quhilk # provoked me both to vomiting and other purgation, wherby I was mervelous # seik. My Lord Burly send me word that thair was letters cummin to # the Q. Ingl. for my liberte, fra the Q. my Mistres, and I suld # heare of them within three or four dayes. xij (^Junij^) 1571. - Thair was prepared a bath-fatt for to # bathe me intill, quhilk cost 30 sh., and efter I had used it I lenit it to # Doctor Good, quho hes it still in keping. xiij=o=. (^Junij.^) - Efter the forsaid purgatione, I tuik # the baithe twa sundrie dayis preparit with heit watter, and sindrie herbes, sic as red # roses, vialet, laiffiis, camavyne, malvis, quhilk was hotte with the water, # bot not put in the baith-fatt, but the watter sythed throw ane cloith; # quhairin I tareit the

space of ane hour nereby at every tyme, and thairefter laid in # bed and dryit, and ordinat to sleip. xvj=o= (^Junij^) 1571. - A skarmish in Skotland, betwix # Edinburgh and Leith, betuix Huntly, Hwme, and thair cumpany, for the Queene, against # Morton and his cumpany, baith the parties drawin to the feildis be the # Marshell of Bervik, Sir William Drury, onder colour of a concord, quho # stude by and did behold them. The Lord Hume was taken, the Abbot Kilvynning slayne, Capitane Cullane, and mony otheris taken. The King of France had wreiten to the Queene of Ingland for # my liberte, quhilk his Ambassadour hed delyverit, the day # preceding, to the Queene in his audience. And this day I was send for at 7 of the clok at nycht, and # passit with my keparis to the Erle of Sussex howse; quher the Erle, my Lord # Burghlie, and Mr Knollis, thesaurer, did inquire me of sic things as was # demandit abefor, with uthers, as is contanit in the minute thairof, put # be me in wreit; and thay promised to move the Queene for my libertie. The same day, the Lord [\Laird\] of Skeldon, Jhone # Dryisdell, and Alexander Eskyne, arryvit from France with letters from Jhone Chisholme, # and Jhone Daividson, and James Davidsone, requiring ansuer to be # send to Jhone to Flanders, and to James to Paris. (^Sonday,^) xvij (^Junij.^) - I pat the examinatione in # forme, and send the copy therof to D~. I begouth to reid (\Confession Augustianiana\) , # quhilk is (\tanquam Epitome omnium Operum diui Augustini.\) xviij (^of Junij.^) - I wreit to Scotland to Lid. Gr. V. M., # in ane ship with Thomas Ramsay. xix (^Junij.^) - Williame Leslie of Carny aryvit from # France. Letters fra [^SIGN^] & [^SIGN^] Thoma Chisholme, and M. D~. C. A~.

xx=o= (^Junij.^) - Capitane Bukell com fra Scotland with # newis of the forsaid defait betwix Edinbrucht and Leith, and with letters desyring # support, wherupon James Cuninghame was still avaitting at Lundon. xxj (^Junij.^) - Chalmer aryvit from the north partis of # Scotland, with letters from sundry my freinds and servandis, of particular effaires, # and woord of the dethe of the Lard of Geycht. xxij (^Junij.^) - I wreit to the Queene to be send with # Skeldon (dat. 20 Junij) with the copy of the last examinatione; bot he went away # the nixt day without my letters. I wreit a lang letter to the Queene of Ingland for my # purgation, her satisfactione, and desyring my libertie (\ut patet\) , dat. 23 # Junij; and two letters to my Lordis Lecester and Burghly, to present the same; # quhilk thay did, and the ansuer was promesed within three dayes. xxiij (^Junij.^) - I wreit to D., and send therwith the copy # of my letter written to the Queene of Ingland. Lecester told G. Robeson that # I suld have libertie shortly, albeit my lyfe was ... and that he was still my friend. William Leslie made suite to # speik with me, bot culd not have it; gat hard ansuer fra Lord Burghly, and # faire speches fra Lecester. This day Jhone Chesolm departit furth of Diep towart # Scotland, with money and munitione. (^Sonday the^) 23 (^of Junij.^) - Midsymmer day. ... Letters fra xx, and fra the B. Dumblayne, and Mr Alexander # Chesolm, and sundry others. 25 (^Junij.^) - I wret to Glasgo be the 9 pacquett at lenth.

26 (^Junij.^) - I wreit to my Lord Burghly to solicit the # Queene to gif me ansuer, because the three dayes was past, allegeing the # verses of Horace - [^LATIN VERSE OMITTED^] 27 (^Junij.^) - I wrait in to Scotland, to Mr Alexander # Lesly, ansuer to all the letters ressavit with Chalmer, and letters to D. Gr. Rob # Melving, to certifie of all; but wer not send quhill 29 Junij 1571. 28 (^Junij^) 1571. - I wreit to Glasgow with Johne Dryisdale. 29 (^Junij.^) - Letters send to Lid. Gr. Rob Mel., with a # marchand of Dundee. 30=o= (^Junij.^) - The forsaidis letters sent to Mr # Alexander Lesly with Alexander Zoung, to be delyverit to Johne Lyl of the Nachtane. This day thair airyved ane gentillman callit Monsieur de # Arange, capitane of Monsieur D'Anjowis gard, at London, with a brave cumpany. # His message was to treate with the Queene of Ingland for the # marriage of the Duke Anjow: And he hed credit and commission from the King to speik for # the Queene of Scotland, and for my liberte.

(^Sunday, primo Julij^) 1571. - I wrat to the Ambassadour to # congratulat the cuming of the gentillman, wishing I was as I wont to be, to # do him service and plesour in his Majesties affairs. Thair audience # was differrit, becaus the Queene was seik. 2=o= (^Julij^) 1571. - The French Ambassadour and the said # gentillman had audience. Amonges other thair affairs, thay spak for my # delyvery to my Lordis Lecester and Burghly; bot the ansuer wes delayed. 3=o= (^Julij.^) - I ressavit advertisment cuming fra # Scotland of certan challenges for singular combat betuix the Lard of Grange and +goung # Garleis, in Scotland; and certan articles of Abstinence betuix the Duke of # Shatullerault and Lenox, be the mediation of the Mershell of Berwik; and # becaus thay culd not aggrie in Scotland therupon, therfore, both ther # offeris was send to the Q. to advyse. 4=o= (^Julij.^) - I wrot to Glasgo, with Johne Dryisdale. 5=o= (^Julij^) 1571. - I wrait a lang letter to my Lord # Lecester for my liberte, and one to the Lord Burghly; quhilk Maister Kingismel delyverit # on the nixt day, being the sext day, and had ansuer of them both, that # within two dayes I suld be put to liberte. 6 (^Julij.^) - Hary Cobham arryved fra Spayne. 7 (^Julij^) 1571. - The Q[\ueene of\] Ingland removed to # Hampton Court. They war so bissie that we culd have no resolution; bot # delayed, whill foure of fyve dayes be past. Michell Gilbert com to the Court, and send me in his ringis # and tablettis cumin furth of France, to be sene gif I wold be [\buy?\] ony of # them.

8 (^Julij.^) - Thair was letters written with Michell # Gilbert. Vl wreit to [^SIGN^] and his cumpany, be M. Gilbert, of the occurrences. 9 (^Julij.^) - I did reid the Actis of Parliament newly sett # out by this last Parliament; amonges quhilk, the first conteynis mony clauses # veray extreme and prejudicial to D., as may be ivell considerit therby, # specially in the word demand, and for speiking of a successour, and for bookes # (\ut patet\) . x=o= (^Julij.^) - The Franshe gentelman capitane departit # toward France, and, as is reported, no gryit hope of the mariage. Cutbert wreit me a letter that the money quhilk I left with # him is neir done, and therfore desyris me to provyd for more furnising. And # therfore I wreit to Mr Lesly of Carny to pas to Court and sutte for my # liberte, and for a pasport, to send ane to the Queene for ordour taken for # more furniture, and that he wold send down the keay of my study with ane of his awn, quhair thair is sum money that will serve for sum tyme, # quhill we send to the Queene and gett ansuer. xj=o= (^Julij.^) - Newis that the A. is offendit, that # Leith is fortiffied mor; and, in case Chesholm be taken, and the ship in quhilk he his # convoyit, in the cuntrey it will move him more. xij=o= (^Julij.^) - .. com to the .. hous ... I resseivit a # letter for the V. M., that H. C. had gotten ane cauld ansuer for M., quhilk # was the better for D. and N.'s effaires, zit to caus .. N. liberte. xiij=o= (^Julij.^) William Lesly advertist me that he hed # bene at Court and spak with my Lord Lecester, who gaf him good wordis; bot my Lord Burghly was gone to his hous in the cuntrey, and wold not # retorne for 8 dayes. It is certane that Johne Chesholm and Virak is taken, # with all the money and munition that they caried into Scotland.

I wrait to D. ansuer of the letter, quhilk I had ressavit # fra the Queene of the dait the 28 of Junij, with a ticket of the 5 of Julij. xiij=to= (^Julij^) 1571. - The V. G. past to Hampton Court, # whair he hed audience and complaynit upon the fortification of Leith as # aganis the treteis betuix the three realmis; desyred ordour to be taken # for the Queenis liberte, and als me to be relesit. He ressavit no direct ansuer # bot for me, quhilk was, that the Queene wold caus anes yit examine me, and # thereforth send me to my Mistres, and fra that into Scotland. Michell Gilbert offered to caus ressave money fra me here, # and give in Edinbrucht v li. vj sh. for every pound sterueling; bot I wold # have had v li. x sh. and likwyse to give so mekle as suld be ressavit # here from Scotland. He differred to the cuming of his good sone, Nicoll Vdwart, bot # he said he wold ansuer it in Deip, quhilk is most sure. He # affermed the sylver is mekle fynar and better shaipe in Paris nor in London, to be # bocht. (^Sonday,^) xv (^Julij.^) - The [^SIGN^] send me his # audience in wreit, and I wreit againe thankes for my part. 16 (^Julij^) 1571. - I was adverteist that Sir Thomas # Stanley, Sir Thomas Gerard, Mr Volson, and Hall was examinat, and put in the Towre. 17 (^Julij.^) - My Lord Burghly retorned to Court, and Mr # Kyngesmell past with my lettres to my Lord Lecester and Burghly, to remember to # get me the Queenis Majesties resolution, quhilk was promeist suld # be send from Hampton Court. 18 (^Julij.^) - I ressavit letters fra D., with ane copy of # ane letter fra the Bishop of Galleway to the Queene, of the estait and procidinges # in Scotland. Newis, a Parlement halden in Edinburgh the 12 of Junij be the Duke of Shatillo, Huntly, and utheris, with croun, sheptour, # and swourd;

the Queenis dimission maid null, the Queene restored, and # proclamed at the Crosse be Haroldis with thair coittis of armoure; and of # the maner of the skarmishes. Item, certaine articles for ane abstinance taken betwix # baith the parteis in Scotland. Ane Parlement be Lennox to be haldin in Stirling, # and ane be the Queenis partie in Edinburgh, the third of August, and # money summonit to be forefalted in them baith. 19 (^Julij.^) - I wreit to D. of all occurrentis with George # Robisone, and that the Frenshe Ambassadour hed ressavit money fra [^SIGN^] to be # send to the Queene, wherof he desyrit ane acquittance and he wald delyver # it. I wreit to [^SIGN^] , and send him the copy of the Bishop of # Gallewayis letter and the articles from Scotland. 20 (^Julij.^) - Robisone departit toward D. 21 (^Julij.^) - I red a booke in Inglis, newly prented, for # the defens of Apparell of the clergy, bering certane letters of Bullenger, Petir # Martyr, and M. Buser and others, quhilk the Bishop of Ely willed me to reid. I red the book of the new Statutes sett out in this last # Parliment, bering sundry actes worthy to be noted for examples to govern a # commounwealth; specially concerning the ministres of the Kirk, that none be # promoved before he be xxiij zeris of age, and bachelour in theologie, to # be a precheour or preist. That no leasse or tak be maid of any ecclesiasticall # benefice of landis, or possessiones partening therto, bot for xxj zeris, or # thrie lyfes. Nota, a lyfe is accounted heir bot v zere; for in bying of # purchasses, the commone use is to gif fywe zeris purchasse, as they call it, # which is fywe zeris proffeit for a lyfe rent, and xx zeris purchasse for # heritages. Item, ane Statut for usurie, that in all bondis, contractis, # and lones, it sall not be lesum to tak bot 10 for the hundreth in the zeare. Item, the act for fraudfull alterationes and bankruptes.

Item, for fugityves from their cuntrey for conseyence sak, # or otherwyse to losse their goodes and benefeit of their landis. Item, Nota, and acte maid for preservation of the Queenis # Majestie of Ingland, and for her seurty, wherein the Queene our Mistres is # touched for the Tytle. (^Sonday,^) xxij (^Julij^) 1571. - I had a book, intitilat # (\De Theologo, seu de Ratione Studii Theologici, Libri 4, Andrea Hyperio authore\) ; # quhilk I begouth to reid. Item, G. Rob. deperted toward D. xxiij (^Julij.^) - A. Cuninghame went into Scotland with # ansuer to Lennox, to keip quyetnes quhill new adverteismente. Mr Henrie Keir arriuit from France, and broht me crydeit # from Glasco, and send me ane new buk of Histories, (\Nostri Temporis ab anno # 1500, usq~ in annum 1568, authore Laurentio Surio\) . xxiij (^Julij.^) - I receaved a letter from my Lord Setoun. xxv. - A pasport refused to Keir, to pass towart the Queene; # bot ane granted till George Dowglas, so that he depart shortlie # thairefter furth of this realme. The Bishop of Ely dyned with me, and his wyfe # and cumpany. xxvj (^Julij.^) - I receaved lettres from the Queene, dated # 19=o= and 21=o= Julij, bearing newis from Scotland, wreiten at Edinbrucht, 2=o= Julij, # desyring support of money. xxvij (^Julij.^) - Diligence maid with Ambr. to satify the # contentis of D. lettres. xxviij (^Julij.^) - G. Rob. arryvit with letters from D.

(^Sonday,^) xxix (^Julij^) 1571. - Lettres sent with George # Dowglas to D. Lettres sent to [^SIGN^] and Grange, be my Lord Herys. Lettres sent to my Lord Setoun. Lettres sent to Hamyltoun. 30 (^Julij^) 1571. - I lennit twenty poundis to William # Lesly upon his obligation. G. Douglas departed toward the Queene. (\Ultimo Julij\) 1571. - M. H. Keyr made me advertisment of # the desyres of M., D., Th., Q., Flemyng, and of the - (\Primo Au=ti=\) 1571. - W. Lesly past to Court, and # Monsieur Saborine to travell for an ansuer of my liberte. I was requyred by Mr Skypwoth, in the ... nayme, to send the naimes of all my cumpany; quhilk I send in wreit, extending to # 25 persones. Veneson send to me be the [^SIGN^] of France, ane quartar of red deir, quhilk was slayne be the Queene of Ingland, and send be her to him. I wreit a lettre to my Lord Burghly, to remember him to get # me ane ansuer before the progres, quhilk was send to Mr Skipwothis servand. 2=o= (^Au=ti=.^) - Mr Skipwoth was send to remayne with the # Duke of Norfolk for ane day or two, becaus his kepar, Sir Hary Nevell, was # lycenced to pas hayme to visite his wyfe. Mr Kingesmell being still at Court, # and so no kepar left to await upon me bot my Lord Ely's servandes. I dynit with the Bishop of Ely, and efter conferred with him # upon dyvers purposes, specially of an union to be maid in the # Religioun be a Generall Counsell, quhilk is easy, gif the Princes will apply # them selfes therto.

Mr Painter, the Bishopis servand, avaitted upon me during Mr # Skipwothis absence. 3 (^Au=ti=.^) - Ane called Capitane Cais arryvit from Barvik # with lettres from the Marshell and Scotland, with newis that a part of the money # that Johne Chesolme had was savely delyvered into the Castell. Erlis Eglinton and Cassillis was put to liberte, onder # condition they sall not bear armis aganis Lenox. Morton and Mar was wery of Lenox; # that Lenox himself was very of his quartaris in respect of the # chargeis; yet ane Melvin was to cum fra him to requyre ayd of men to be send be # Queene of Ingland to them, or ellis they wold aggre with the adversar. # That Virak was keped with Lenox. 4 (^Aug=ti=.^) - Ansuer fra Court be the Ambassadour of # France and be William Lesly, that thair is no apperance of haisty liberte, (\ut patet # per literas Legati\) . Mr Skipwoth retorned at night. (^Sonday,^) (\quinto Aug=ti=.\) - Mr Kingesmell retorned # from Court to await upon me, and told me that my ansuer was delayed, becaus the Queene # is not able to go to progres. Lettres from Queene of Scotland, (\de dat. primo Aug=ti=\) , # to the quhilk ansuer was maid presently this day. (\Sexto Aug=ti=.\) - Ane called Inglis, ane archer of the # King of France gard, arryvit be sea, quho tellis thair was frequent skarmushes # betwix Edinbrucht and Leyth, and the last before his departing, thair was slane # xxx on Lennox part. And told that Captane Cullane was beheadit at # Leyth; and that the Lard Drumquhassill was the occasione of the # sending of the boit with the munitione to Streviling, quhilk was taken be # the way, be Wormeistowne; for the quhilk caus Lennox and Morton bostit # till

have hangit Drumquhassill, quho departed therfor suddantlie to Dunbartaine. (^7=o= Augusti.^) - Mr Skipworth departed towart Court, to # solicit what he could for my liberte and his awn releif; and I wreit two # lettres with him to my Lord Lecester and my Lord Burghly. Bot he tareit at # Westmunster all night, and past the nixt day at morne to Court, and # delyverit my lettres. (\Octauo Augusti\) 1571. - I was send for to cum to Hamptoun # Court, quhair I past be watter, accumpaneit with Mr Kingesmell, and # com to the keparis hous in the park at sex hours efter none; whair the # Erl Sussex, Lord Chamberland, Lord Burghly, and Sir Francis Knollis, # thesaurar, com and declarit to me the Queenis mynd, that she culd not # presently put me to liberte, as she intendit, for sundry respectis. # Therfore willed me to tak patience quhill the progress tyme suld be done, and # in the mene tyme that I suld pass with my Lord Ely into the cuntrey to remayne. For the Queenis Majestie looked to ressave ane full # ansuer from Scotland of sic articlis as was send thether be her # Majestie, wherof they culd not send ansuer before they suld hald ane full # Parlement, quhilk was to be haldin the 28 of this instant; efter the quhilk the # Trety suld be begun agane, and I would be employed therto. Thair was # sundry thingis inquirit of me, as touching Sir Thomas Stanley (\ut # patet\) , be the tenour of the conference. I obteynit a passport to send ane to the Queene to advertis # her therof. I was in Kingstoun all that night. (\Nono Aug=ti=\) 1571. - I retorned to London, and the # Frenshe Ambassedour travailled ernistly with my Lord Burghly to stay me in the town;

and he gave him hope therof. George Douglas retorned from D., # and broght lettres conform to the last, of the tenour of [^SIGN^] , # and of the dait the xxij day of Julij, of all proceidingis and intention, and of # the moyen that they have used in furnishing money. Item, that the D. wreit to me anent St Andrese, that she # wold have providit therto, and wold labour the Duke Shatt. gude will to # that effect. Bot I will ansuer in my nixt lettres, that I wold not have it # for dyvers respectis. And conselit the Queene to give it Glasco, and his # bishop[\rik\] to ane of the D. Mad~ freindis. This night the Queene begouth her progres, and past to # Endein besyid Lundoun, and my Lord Burghly com to Lundoun. I send the double of my ansuer to the Frenche Ambassadour. x (^Aug=ti=^) 1571. - I send certain articlis to my Lord # Burghly with Mr Kingismell with my lettre; and in the mene tyme he send for me, # and promesed to travell at the Queenis hand to obtain the same. My Lord Burghly past to Court, at the Frenche Ambassadouris # hand, to labour my stay; bot no thing was done. xj=o= (^Aug=ti=^) 1571. - Advertisment of the Queenis # spechis after my examination, and of [^SIGN^] wordis. A pasport send to Makeson, to depart towart D.; and a letter # send to my Lord Ely to depart of towne shortly. Monsieur de Foyx arryvit at Lundon. (^Sonday, xij=o= Aug=ti=^) 1571. - I maid my despeshe to the # Queene at Leyth,

viz. ane oppin lettre, with a discourse of the last conference # at Hampton Court, and the Queene [\of\] Inglandis determination; desyring # to knaw her plesour what suld be done with the servandis, and for # furniture; with sic other advertissemens as occurred for the tyme. xiij=o= (^Aug=ti=^) 1571. - Makeson departed this morning # with my packquet towart the Queene [\of\] Scotland. (^No.^) - Mr Kingismell, and Mr Windebankis, Clerk of the # Signett, past with me to my wonted logeing, and oppined my study dur and # visitt the hole lettres that was in it, to sie gif thair was any that hed # past betwix any of the subjetts of Ingland and me, bot none was found; and # therefore they advertisit my L. Burghly, quha caused delyver them all to me # the nixt day, with all uther thing that was in the study. I appointed my servandis to prepaire sic thingis as was to # be taken with me in the cuntrey, and which ordour suld be used for keping of # the rest of my furniture and cofferis. xiiij=to= (^Aug=ti=^) 1571. - Angelo Maria, perfumer, and G. # Robeson, past to Court; and I wreit with them to my L. Burghly for ansuer to my # articlis; and ressavit his ansuer that same night therto, that it was the # Quenis plesour that I suld be honourably treated with my Lord Ely, # with all favour, and have all maner of good ayr and intertynement # necessaire for my helth, having regard to my restrainet. Item, that I suld have with me two at least in my chalmer, # and ane cook, yf I war scrupulous, and ane other to await on my horses. Item, that I might impart my materis to the Fr[\enshe\] # Amb[\assadour\] be letters, bot not be speche. Item, that I might wreit oppin letters to the Q. my Mistres, # to know of her helth and estate, so being the same was first send to # Court. Item, that the Q. Ingland wold not grant licence to G. # Douglas to pass towart D., nor into Scotland; nor to Angelo Maria to pass to # the D.

Item, that I suld warne all these that did attend about me # to depart with diligens out of the realme. As to the rest of the articles, he send no ansuer to me, bot # all was referred to my L. Ely's discretion touching my favourable # usages. This day I maid a letter, quhilk comprehendit a hole throch # of Lombard paper, in the Frenshe tounge, and wreit it and send it to the # Ambassadour of France; quhilk comprehendit the haill conferences with the # Consell, and causes of my restraint; praying him and Monsieur Du Foys to # trawell for the D. releve, and for her subjectis and my liberte. Mr # Kingismell did reid it, and said, he never red ane better wreittin, of # more pith and better order, nor it was. I send it with William Lesly of # Carny, quha delyvered it to the Frenshe Ambassadour that same night. I prepared silver wark to be carried with me in the cuntrey; # ane silver bassie and lawer, ane salt falt, 6 silver sponis, two # goblettis, and ane drinking pott gilt, which all was gottin fra G. M. Item, I caussit ressave fra the Frenshe Ambassadour, in the # Q. my Mistres nayme, four hundreth crounes of the sone in ryallis, # quhilk makis sax score pundis Stirveling: Wherof I ressavit bot forty # pundis, and left with Cutbert the uther four score pundis, to outtred D. H. the # Quenis servandes, and uther necessaries in the town; quhilk was all # debursed and mair, (\ut patet per computum\) . Item, I raised a pasport for Theophilus and Chalmer to pas # into Scotland. xv=to= (^Au=ti=^) 1571. - The Frenshe Ambassadour and # Monsieur Du Foys past to Court. New letters sent to my L. Ely to depart with # diligens; therfore he appointed Fryday to depart without further delay. I sorted all my letters that day, and took with me only bot # the commissionis

gevin be the Q. Scot. and the Nobilite, to me and my L. # Galloway and Levinstoun for the last Treaty, with the Articlis, and the # ansueris subscryvit and past at Chattisworth, and instructiones, quhilk ar in a # trein buist. Item, the K. Q. of France, and Monsieur De Anjow, Card. and # Glasgow testimonialis in a box of whyit yerne. Item, certain copeis of oppin letters written sen my # restraint. Item, I put the principallis of the rest in a little coffre, # which I left at Lundon. Item, all uther generall letters in a tronk, which remains # with the rest of my graith. And what was brocht with me of all furniture, is conteynit # in ane inventair maid therof. xvj=o= (^Aug.^) 1571. - I wreit minutes of letters to the Q. # Mr Alexander Lesly, Glasgo, seind the gift of James Gord. to be gevin to the # B[\ishop\] of Aberden, be Chalmer. I wreit to the Ambassadours. I wold have left William Panton behind me to depart toward # Scotland, bot Mr Kingismell wold not suffre him to be interchanged with # Cuthbert, quhill we suld cum to Fenny-Stanton. (^Fryday^) , xvij=o= (^Aug=ti=^) . - I departed from Lundoun # in cumpany with the B. of Ely, and com to Wair at night, and with me William # Panton, Mr Thomas Lesly, Willie the cooke, and Theophilus. [^BILL OMITTED^]

I wreit with Mr Kingismell to my L. Burghly, that I was # departed

notwithstanding the gret clamour of the Quenis servandis, # praying him to have respect therto. xviij (^Aug=ti=^) 1571. - We com [\to\] Roystoun to denner, # quhair Robert Makeson was arryved with letters fra the Queene, quhilkis was inclosed # in my Lord Shreusbereis packet, directed to my Lord Burghly, and # therefore I send him to Court with the same; and George Robeson with him, # to rais a pasport to William Panton to passe into Scotland. Ressavit sum # other letters fra D. We com to the Bishope of Elyis hous, callit Fenny-Stentoun, # within five myles of Huntingtoun, at night. (^Sonday,^) xix (^Aug=ti=.^) - Makeson retorned from Court # with my awin packet closed; and my Lord Burghly send ane other packet that was # thairwith to the Frenshe Ambassadour, for it was directed to him. In my pacquet there was ane letter to myself, with ane # memoire for ordour taking with the Queenis servandis, viz., that Mr N. # Vingzet suld remayne with myself, Makeson to pass into Scotland. Parfumour and Polis to be ordourit by the Frenshe # Ambassadour; Laurence Gordon to be sent to Caimerage, to the scooles; George Robeson # to remayne at Lundon, gif it may be solisted. The Bishop of Lincolne, callit Doctor Coper, com and dynit # with the Bishop of Ely, efter he had preched in the churche of ...; and # I dined with them, whair we had conference of mony materis; bot # the Bishop of Lincolne complayned fest that mony of his diocess was # favourable to the old religion, and wold not come to the service.

xx=o= (^Aug=ti=.^) - I despeched Makeson agane to my Lord # Burghly, and wreit with him, and send the said letter and memoire to him. Item, I wreit to the Frenshe Ambassadour, praying him to # help to tak ordour for accomplyshing of the Queenis direction. Item, I wreit to Cutbert Read to ansuer them of money to # that effect, viz. - To Makeson, to mak his journey into Scotland, and, as he was # wont, to get fra the Queene xxx crounis of the sone. To every one of them suld pass into France, xx crounis. To G. Robesone, gif he sall pass into Scotland, xxx crounis; # gif he passis into France, xx crounis; gif he remainis, x crounis. The same day, I send Laurence Gordon to Camerage, with Mr # Bell, tone of the chapellaneis of the Bishop of Ely. He was bourdit with # Monsieur Chevalier, Lectour in Hebrew in Camerage; and suld pay every # month three French crounis for his bourd, chalmer, candill, and # weshing of his clothis. I gave him fyve pounds with him, to by hym clothes and necessaries. Item, I send to him with the carriar efteruart, 27 Aug=ti=, # 3 lib~. to furneis the rest of his necessaires; quhilk he ressavit, as he wreit to # me with the same caryar. xxj=o= (^Aug=ti=.^) - I begouth to the repetition of the # Greik and Hebrew toung, and visited the rudimentis of boith, as tyme mycht serve. # Conference with the Bishop of Ely anent the governement of commone weillis. He # dispyittis Johne Knox and Gudeman, with the band, for the wreittin aganes the Regement of Wemen, and otheris there singular opiniones, # and holdis tham Puritanis. Goodman is depryved laitly from his benefice # and precheing for the same caus. xxij=o= (^Aug=ti=^) 1571. - Conference with the Bishop of # Ely, quha counseled

me to tak panes at my retorning into Scotland, to recover all # the antient bookis that was in the Abbayes and Cathedrall churches, as the # Archbishope of Canterbery hes done in Ingland, and to gather furth of them # all thingis notable touching the Religion from tyme to tyme; and # gif ther be ony wreit in Inglis toung or Saxon towng. xxiij=o= (^Aug=ti=^) 1571. - I raid about the medowis with # my Lord of Ely and his servandis; shot at revaris and buttis, and saw the ryvar # quhilk rynis neir by, and is partative to Lin, quhilk is fourty myles be # wattir. The Bishop of Ely said to me, upon the watir syde, that I micht tak # boitt in thair and pas to Ros be watter; bot he beleivit wele I wold not # do it respect of the appearance that thar was no caus to depart in # that maner, &c. 24 (^Aug=ti=^) 1571. - I did reid upon Hiperius in the mene # tyme, and sum of the Byble every day. 25. - My Lord of Ely past to his chasse and perk of # Somershame, and hunted a buk, and dynit thair, and returned at night. I gave the principall huntaris a croun amonges them, becaus # they killed a buk, and I gat the honour to cutt the first cutt in his skin, # as the use is that honestast man in the company hes it. (^Sonday,^) xxvj=to= (^Aug=ti=^) 1571. - The Sheref of # Camerage, callit Mr Hynnein, and Mr Maillery, quho was Sheref the +geir precedant, dynit # with the Bishop of Ely. I maid certanes versis upon the hunting the day precedent, # and gave them to Doctour Ty, doctour in music, for ane argument, to mak # the same in Inglis.

xxvij=o= (^Aug=ti=^) 1571. - The caryar of Camerage brocht # ane tronk, and bowes and quaveris, with uther furniture, fra Lundon to Stentoun, # quhilk Cutbert Read and Mr Ninian hed send before them. I send with the said carryar to Camerage, to Laurence # Gordon, thre lib~., quhilk he ressavit, (\ut patet supra\) . xxviij=o= (^Aug=ti=.^) - I had conference with the Bishop of # Ely, quho did offer to give me friely certain thingis, sic as bread and beir, and # uther small thingis of frindship. To quhom I ansuerit, Gif the Qeene of # Ingland will gif him any allowance to mak my charges, I will tak it glaidly, # as the Queene my Mistres doeth; utherwyse, it is nether my Mistres # honour, nor her will, that I tak any thing of any subject. He ansuerit, # He had hard no thing of the Queene nor Concell in that mater, bot he did # offer it of freindship. xxix (^Aug=ti=^) 1571. - Mr Ninian and Cutbert Reid com to # Stantoun, and brocht a pasport for William Pantoun to pass into Scotland. Advertisement fra the Franche Ambassadour, that he and # Monsieur du Foys hed bene wele treated at Court; [^PASSAGE IN FRENCH # OMITTED^] Item, Jame Broun, Archibaldis sone, and Wille Lesle, Johne # of the Briggis sone, was cum to Lundon. Item, I ressavit two pair of perfumit gluffis, sent be # Angelo Maria. xxx (^Aug=ti=^) 1571. - I maid William Pontones despeshe for # Scotland, and instructed him as was necessar in all thingis.

The Ambassadour of France and Monsieur de Foys was at # Camerage. I wreit to Nicolas, the Ambassadour of France servand, and # to William Lesly, to place Jame Broun with a wretar in the Franche tongue, # in London, for thre moneth; and Wille Lesllie to remayne with .. Leslie, # or ellis to remayne with a horse cosar to learne to treate horses. xxxj (^Aug=ti=.^) - William Pantoun departed towart # Scotland. I wreit with him opin letteres - [^LIST OF NAMES OMITTED^] Item, I send a lang memoriall with him of all my particular # affairis, (\ut patet per copiam ejusdem\) . Item, I gave four auld angell nobilis to be gevin to Janet # Lesly of New Lesly. Item, I appointed him to send Chalmer agane with the first # ansuer.

Item, I gave him ten lib~. to mak his expensis in going and # retourning, and fyve lib~. viij. s. more to by him a horse by the # Bordouris. Item, I wreit with him to the Queene of Scotland, in case he # sall speak with her Majestie be the way. William Pantoun made rekning with the Clerk of kitching for # all expensis sence our departing furth of Lundon, and payit him compleitly; # and every Fryday the count to be gevin in, (\ut patet p~ # compot~\) . [^LATIN OMITTED^] (^Sonday,^) 2=o= (^Septemb.^) 1571. - Mr Maleray and his # wyfe, with dyvers uderis, was with the Bishop of Ely, and I sowpet with him. Thair com a servand of Lord Burghly to the Bishop of Ely # with a lettre and a booke, new maid [^PASSAGE IN LATIN OMITTED^]

new printed at Lundon, 1571; quhilk booke the Bishop gave me to # reid over shortly therefter. 3=o= (^Septembris.^) - (\Vacavimus studiis nostris.\) Item, I wisited Bervely. Cuthbert Reidis countis. 4=to= (^Sept.^) 1571. - The Bishop of Ely removed fra # Stantoun and com to Somershayme, with his hole company and plenissing, and I with # him. And our hole furniture was caryed be cartes with the Bishoppis # own furniture. And I was lugeit in a chalmer callit the Cardinallis # chalmer, and dynit and soupit myself with the Bishop of Ely. [^LATIN OMITTED^] George Robeson arryvit that efternone with lettrs fra the # Franche Ambassadour, the Bishop of Glasgo, and oderis, quhilk I # considered that night. The Franche Ambassadour wreit that Monsieur du Foys was # departed, and hes gotten a revard of silver weshell, worth 12 crounes; # bot as to the mater he com for, it was incertane yf it wold tak # effect, (\ut patet p~ l~ras ejusd~.\) Item, that my Lord Burghly had advertist him that boith the # parteis in

Scotland was agreyit to hald a Parliment the 29 of August, # efter the quhilk, neweis wold be send hether. Item, newis of the putting of Higford and Barkar in the # Towr, for dealing with the Franche Ambassadour. Item, George Robeson hes license to remayne at Lundon. Robert Makison a pasport to pass in Scotland and retorne. Geilis and Perfumer to pass into France. I ressavit my huoh [\knok?\] (\Septimo Sept.\) 1571. - I wreit to the Queene Majestie, # and send all the lettres quhilk I ressavit, to her for advertisment; and send # sum quenchis to her to prove gif sho will have of them. [^LATIN OMITTED^] Mr Adley lenit me Maister Escame's book callit The Scole # Mayster, quhilk is worthy to be red. [^REST OF DIARY IN LATIN, ALL OMITTED^] [^MEMOIRS OF HIS OWN LIFE BY SIR JAMES MELVILLE OF HALHILL, 1549-1593. ED. T. THOMSON. BANNATYNE CLUB. EDINBURGH 1827. PP. 115.5-141.14.^]

Being arriuit at Londoun, I tok loging neir the court, # quhilk wes at Westmester. Incontinent my host aduertist of my commyng, # and that same nycht hir Maieste sent Maister Lattoun, now # gouernour of the Yll of Weicht, to welcom me in hir name, and to schaw me # that the nyxt mornyng sche suld be in hir garding be aucht houres, # to geue me audience; for sche wes aduertist from the Erle of Bedford, # gouernour of Berwik, that I was be the way. That same nycht, Sir Nycholas Throgmortoun, ane of my auld and derest frendis be lang # acquantance, first during his banissement in France in the regne of Quen Marie, and efterwart being ambassadour in France for this Quen, wher I was for the tym yet very young, pensioner to the # King Henry II., and saruant to the constable his cheif consaillour: # This Sir Nycholas was not only my dear frend, wha had procured a # pension for me fra his mestres, to help to enterteny me, (when I was # willingly banissit from the court of France, sa lang as ther wes ciuill # warres betwen France and Scotland, during the quhilk tym I remanit in # Germany:) The said Sir Nycholas being for the tym at court, cam and souped with me that same nycht; wha was also a devot frend to # the Quen my mestres, and to hir richt and title to the succession # of the crown of England. Be him I had ample and famylier # infourmation. and sur intelligence and frendly aduise, how to proceed with # the Quen and euery courteour in particulair: for he wes a gret # instrument to

help my L. of Murray and secretary Liddingtoun, to pak vp the # first frendschip and correspondance betwen the twa Quenis, and # betwen the Erle of Murray and my L. Robert, and betwen the twa # secretaires. Albeit he had na lyking for the tym, nother of my L. Robert, nor of Mester Cicill, yet he knew that then nathing culd be # done without them. Amang vther thingis, he gaif me aduyse to vse gret # famylarite with the ambassadour of Spain, in caice I fand the Quen his maistres our hard and difficill; alleging that it wald be a # gret spure to moue the Quen of England, to geue our Quen a greter # contentement in hir desyres then sche had yet done. The nyxt mornyng, Maister Lattoun and Mester Randolphe, # lait agent for the Quen of England in Scotland, cam to my loging to # convoy me to hir Maieste, wha wes as they said alredy in the garding; and with them a seruand of my L. Robertis, with a horse and # futmantill of veluet passemented with gold, for me to ryd vpon; quhilk # seruand with the said horse awaited vpon me all the tym that I remanit ther. I sand her Maieste spacing in ane alley; wher efter that # I had kissit hir hand, and presented my letter of credence, I tald # her Maieste in Frenche the effect of my commission, as neir to the forsaid # instructions as I culd; and sometymes being interrupted be hir demandis, I # answerit accordingly. The cause why I spak Frence was, that I wes bot laitly com hame, and culd not as yet speak my awen langage # sa redely. Hir first demand was anent the lettre that the Quen # had wreten, with sic dispytfull langage vnto her, that sche # beleuit all frendschip and famyliarite had bene geuen vp; quhilk wes cause # that sche myndit never to wret again bot another as dispytfull, # quhilk sche tok out of hir poutch, for sche had it alredy wreten, to let # me see;

and said, because sche thocht it ouer gentill sche deleyed to # send it, vntill sche had wreten another mair vehement, for answer to # the Quenis angry bill. For my part, I apperit to find sic hard # interpretation to be maid vpon the Quenis loving and frank dealing, very # strange; and how that the Quene culd not remember what wordes they ar wherat sche conceaues sic offence. Wherupon sche schew me also # the Quenis lettre, quhilk sche had redy in hir hand to let me see. Quhilk when I had sean, I said I culd find therein na # offensywe word, in respect of ther gret famyliarte; alleging that albeit # hir Maieste culd speak asgud Frenche as any that had never bene # out of the contre, that yet sche laiketh the vse of the Frenche court # langage, whilk wes frank and schort, and had oft tymes twa # significations, quhilk discreit and famylier frendis tok alwayes in the best part; preing hir to rywe the angerie wretingis quhilk sche # thocht to have send for answer, and in reuenge of the Quenis; and said, # that I suld never let the Quen knaw, that her trew plain meanyng was # sa misconstrewed. Alwais at lenth, sche being desyrous of ane # honest coulour or excuse, sche was the easelyer pleasit and satisfied in that # point, for the fear sche had that frendschip and correspondance suld # leaw aff; our Quen being the first seaker to renew and continow the sam # be sending of me ther, and wald not stand vpon ceremonies with # hir eldest sister. Then in my presens sche rawe all the angrie wretingis # and answeres, with promyse of sic frendly and frank dealing in # tymes commyng, as all hir gud sisters doingis and proceadingis suld be # interpret to the best. The harrang that I maid first vnto hir in Frenche is bot # schort, as folowes. [^A LETTER WRITTEN IN FRENCH FOLLOWS.^]

Being procedit this far sche stayed me, and tok out the # lettres abone specified, to schew me as said is. Now the auld frendschip being renewed, sche inquyred gene # the

Quen had send any answer anent the proposition of a mariage # maid to hir be Maister Randolphe. I answerit as I wes instructed, # that the Quen thocht litle or nathing therof; bot lukit for the meting # of some commissioners vpon the borders, with my Lord of Murray and the # secretary Liddingtoun, to confer and trait vpon all sic matters of # gretest importance, as mycht concern the quyetnes of baith the # contrees, and contentement of baith the Quenis myndis. "Sa seing that your # Maiesteis can not sa schone find the opportunite of meting, samekle # desyred betwen your selues, quhilk is not expedient nether vntill all vther # doutis and desyres be first maid clear, be your maist trusty and famylier # consellours; the Quen my mestres, as I haue said, is myndit to send for hir # part, my L. of Murray and the secretary Liddingtoun, and is in hope # that your Maieste will send my Lordis of Bedford and my L. Robert # Dudly." Sche said, that it apperit I maid bot small accompt of my L. # Robert, seing that I named the Erle of Bedford before him; bot or it # wer lang, sche suld mak hym a greter erle, and that I suld se it # done before my returnyng hame; for sche estemed him as hir brother and # best frend, whom sche suld haue maried hir self, gif euer sche had # bene myndit till tak a husband. Bot being determinit to end hir lyf # in virginite, sche wissit that the Quen hir sister suld mary him, as metest # of all vther; and with whom sche mycht find in hir hart to # declaire the Quen second person, rather then with any vther. For being # matched with hym, it wald best remove out of hir mynd, all fear and # suspision to be offendit be vsurpation before hir death; being assured # that he was sa loving and trusty, that he wald never geue his # consent, nor suffer sic thing to be enterprysed during hir tym. And to # cause the Quen my mestres to think the mair of him, I was requyred to # stay

till I had sean him maid Erle of Leycester, and Barron of # Denbich, with gret solemnite at Westmester; hir self helping to put on # his ceremoniall, he sitting vpon his knees before hir, keping a gret grauite and discret behauour; bot sche culd not refrain from putting # hir hand in his nek to kittle him smylingly, the Frenche ambassadour # and I standing besyd hir. Then sche asked at me how I lyked of him. # I said, as he was a worthy subiect, he was happy that had # rencontrit a princes that culd dicern and reward gud seruice. "Yet," sche # said, "ye lyk better of yonder lang lad;" pointing towardis my Lord # Darley, wha as nerest prince of the bluid bure the swerd of honour # that day before hir. My answer again wes, that na woman of sprit # wald mak choise of sic a man, that was lyker a woman than a man; # for he wes very lusty, berdles and lady facit. I had na will that # sche suld think that I lyked of him, or had any ey or deling that way; # albeit I had a secret charge to deall with his mother my Lady Lenox, to # purches leawe for him to pass in Scotland, wher his father was alredy, that he mycht se the contre, and convoy the Erle his father # bak again to England. Now the said Quen was determinit to trait with the Quen my souerane, first anent hir mariage with the Erle of Leycester, # and for that effect promysed to send commissioners vnto the borders. In the # mean tym, I was fauorably and famylierly vsed; for during nyn dayes # that I remanit at that court, hir Maieste plesit to confer with me # euery day, and somtymes thrys vpon a day, to wit a foir nun, efter nun # and efter supper. Sometymes sche wald say, that sen sche culd not # meit with the Quen her gud sister hir self, to confer familierly # with hir, that sche suld open a gud part of hir inwart mynd vnto me, that I # mycht

schaw it again vnto the Quen; and said that sche was not sa # offendit at the Quenis angry lettre, as for that sche seamed to disdain # sa far the mariage with my L. of Leycister, quhilk sche had caused Mester # Randolphe propon vnto hir. I said that it mycht be he had tuechit # something therof to my L. of Murrey and Liddington, bot that he had not proponit the matter directly vnto hir self; and that asweill # hir Maieste, as they that wer hir maist famylier consellouris, culd conjectour # na thing thervpon bot delayes and drifting of tym, anent the declaring # of hir to be second persoune; quhilk wald try at the meating of the # commissioners abone specified. Sche said again, that the tryall and # declairation therof wald be haisted fordwart, according to the Quenis gud # behauoir, and applying to hir pleasour and aduyse in hir mariage; and seing # the matter concernyng the said declairation wes sa weichty, sche had # ordonit some of the best lawers in England, diligently to search out wha # had the best rycht; quhilk sche wald wiss suld be hir dear sister rather # then any vther. I said I was assured that hir Maieste wes baith out of dout # therof, and wald rather sche suld be declairit then any vther; bot I # lamented that euen the wysest princes will not skance sufficiently vpon the # parcialites and pretences of some of ther famylier conseillouris and # seruandis; except it wer sic a notable and rare prince as K. Hary the 8., # hir Maiesteis father of gud memore, wha of his awen head was determinit to declair his sister sone K. James the 5., (at what tym hir # Maieste was not yet born, bot only hir sister Quen Mary,) hayr # apparant to the crown of England, fail+geing the aires gottin of his awen # body, for the ernest desyre he had till vnit this haill ylland. Sche # said, sche was glaid he did it not. I said that then he had bot a dochter, # and was in dout to haue any ma children, and yet had not sa many # suspitions in

his head; and that hir Maieste wes out of all dout euer till # haue any childrene, as being deliberat to dy a virgen. Sche said that # sche was never myndit to mary, except sche wer compellit be the Quen # hir sisters hard behauour towardis hir, in doing by hir consaill as said # is. I said, "Madam, ye ned not tell me that; I knaw your staitly stomak: Ye think gene ye wer maried, ye wald be bot Quen of England, and now ye ar King and Quen baith; ye may not suffer a # commander." Sche apperit to be sa effectionit to the Quen hir gud # sister, that sche had a gret desyre to se hir; and because ther desyred meting # culd not be sa haistely brocht till pass, sche delyted oft to luk vpon # hir picture, and tok me in to hir bed chamber, and oppenit a litle lettroun # wherin wer dyuers litle pictures wrapped within paiper, and wreten # vpon the paiper, ther names with hir awen hand. Vpon the first that # sche tok vp was wreten, " My lordis picture." I held the candell # and pressit to se my lordis picture. Albeit sche was laith to let # me se it, at lenth I be importunite obteanit the sicht therof, and askit # the same to cary hame with me vnto the Quen; quhilk sche refused, alleging # sche had bot that ane of his. I said again, that sche had the # principall; for he was at the farthest part of the chamber speaking with # the secretary Cicill. Then sche tok out the Quenis picture and kissit it; and I kissit hir hand, for the gret loue I saw sche bure to # the Quen. Sche schew me also a fair ruby, gret lyk a racket ball. Then I # desyred that sche wald eyther send it as a token vnto the Quen, or # elis my Lord of Lecesters picture. Sche said, gene the Quen wald folow # hir consaill, that sche wald get them baith with tym, and all that # sche had; bot suld send hir a dyamont for a token with me. Now it # was lait efter supper; sche appointed me to be at hir the nyxt # mornyng be

8. houres, at quhilk tym sche vsed to walk in hir garden; and # inquyred sundre things at me of this contre, or vther contrees wherin I # had laitly trauelit; and caused me to eat with hir dame of honour, # my lady Stafford, ane honorable and godly lady, wha had bene at # Geneva, banissit during the regne of Quen Mary, that I mycht be alwayes neir hir Maieste, that sche mycht conferr with me; and my lady # Staffordis dochter was my mestres, for I was of ther acquantance when # they passit throw France, and had gud intelligence be hir and be # my lady Throgmortoun. At dyuers metingis ther wald be dyuers purposes; and the # Quen my souerane had instructed me somtymes to leau matters of # grauite, and cast in some purposes of mirrines, or elis I wald be tyred # vpon, as being weill infourmed of hir sisters naturell. Therfore in # declaring the customes of Dutchland, Polle and Italy, the busking and # clothing of the dames and wemen was not for+get, and what contrey weid # was best setten for gentilwemen to wair. The Quen of England said # sche had of dyuers sortis; quhilkis euery day sa lang as I was ther # sche chengit; ane day the Englisch weid, ane the Frenche, and ane # the Ytalien, and sa of others; asking at me quhilk of them set hir # best. I said the Italien weid; quhilk plesit hir weill, for sche # delyted to schaw her golden coloured hair, wairing a kell and bonet as they do # in Italy. Hir hair was reder then +gellow, curlit apparantly of nature. # Then sche entrit to dicern what kynd of coulour of hair was reputed # best; and inquyred whither the Quenis or hirs was best, and quhilk # of them twa was fairest. I said, the fairnes of them baith was not # ther worst faltes. Bot sche was ernest with me to declaire quhilk of them # I thocht fairest. I said, sche was the fairest Quen in England, # and ours

the fairest Quen in Scotland. Yet sche was ernest. I said, # they wer baith the fairest ladyes of ther courtes, and that the Quen of # England was whytter, bot our Quen was very lusome. Sche inquyred # quhilk of them was of hyest stature. I said, our Quen. Then sche # said, the Quen was ouer heych, and that hir self was nother ouer # hich nor ouer laich. Then sche askit what kynd of exercyses sche vsed. # I said, that I was dispatchit out of Scotland, that the Quen was bot # new com bak from the hyland hunting; and when sche had leaser fra the # affaires of hir contre, sche red vpon gud bukis, the histories of dyuers contrees, and somtymes wald play vpon lut and virginelis. Sche # sperit gene sche plaid weill. I said, raisonably for a Quen. That same day efter dener, my L. of Hundsden drew me vp # till a quyet gallerie that I mycht heir some musik, bot he said he # durst not advow it, wher I mycht heir the Quen play vpon the virginelis. # Bot efter I had harkenit a whyll, I tok by the tapisserie that hang # before the dur of the chamber, and seing hir bak was toward the dur, # I entrit within the chamber and stod still at the dur chek, and hard # hir play excellently weill; bot sche left aff sa schone as sche # turnit hir about and saw me, and cam forwartis semyng to stryk me with # hir left hand, and to think schame; alleging that sche vsed not to play # before men, bot when sche was solitary hir allaine, till eschew # melancholy; and askit how I cam ther. I said, as I was walken with my L. # of Hundsden, as we past by the chamber dur, I hard sic melodie, quhilk rauyst and drew me within the chamber I wist not how; # excusing my falt of hamelynes, as being brocht vp in the court of # France, and was now willing to suffer what kynd of punissement wald # pleise hir lay vpon me for my offence. Then sche sat down laich vpon # a

kusschen, and I vpon my knee besyd hir; bot sche gaif me a # kusschen with hir awen hand to lay vnder my kne, quhilk I refused, bot # sche compellit me; and callit for my lady Stafford out of the nyxt # chamber, for sche was hir allain ther. Then sche asked whither the Quen or sche played best. In that I gaif hir the prayse. Sche said # my Frenche was gud; and sperit gif I culd speak Italien, quhilk # sche spak raisonable weill. I said, I taried not abone tua monethes in # Italy, and had brocht with me some bukis to reid vpon; bot had na leaser # to learn the langage perfytly. Then sche spak to me in Dutche, # bot it was not gud; and wald wit what kynd of bukis I lyked best, # whither of theologie, history, or loue matters. I said, I lyked weill of # all the sortis. I was ernest to be dispetschit; bot sche said that I tyred # schoner of hir company nor sche did of myn. I said, albeit I had na # occasion ty tyre, that it was tym to retourn; bot I was stayed twa # dayes langer till I mycht se hir dance, as I was infourmed; quhilk being # done, sche inquyred at me whither sche or the Quen dancit best. I # said, the Quen dancit not sa hich and disposedly as sche did. Then again # sche wissit that sche mycht se the Quen, at some convenient place # of meating. I offerit to convoy hir secretly in Scotland be poist, clothed # lyk a paige disgysed, that sche mycht se the Quen; as K. James the # 5. past in France disgysed, with his awen ambassadour, to se the # Duc of Vendomes sister that suld haue bene his wyf; and how that hir # chamber suld be kepit as thoch sche wer seak, in the mean tym, and # nane to be preuy therto bot my lady Stafford, and ane of the grumes of # hir chamber. Sche said, Alace! gene sche mycht do it; and seamed # to lyk weill of sic kynd of langage, and vsed all the meanis sche # culd to cause me persuad the Quen of the gret loue that sche bure vnto hir, # and was

myndit to put away all geleusies and suspitions, and in tymes # comyng a straiter frendschip to stand betwen them then euer had bene # of before; and promysed that my dispasche suld be delyuerit vnto me very schortly, be Mester Cicill at Londoun. For now sche was past # till Hamton court, wher sche gaif me my answer be mouth hir self, # and hir secretary be wret. The nyxt day my L. of Leycister desyred me to faill in his # barge down the watter of Tames to Londoun, quhilk wes ten myles from Hamtoncourt. He had in his company, his gud brother Sir Harry Sidney deputy of Yreland. Be the way my said L. entrit with me # famylierly, alleging that he wes weill acquented with my L. of Murray, Liddingtoun and my brother Sir Robert; and that he was also sa weill acquanted with me be report, that he durst be sa hamly # as to requyre, that I wald schaw him what the Quen my mestres thocht of of him, and of the mariage that Mester Randolphe had proponit. Wherunto I answerit very cauldly, as I was be the Quen # commandit. Then he began to purge himself of sa proud a pretence as to # mary sa gret a Quen, estemyng him self not worthy to deicht hir # schone; alleging the invention of that proposition to haue proceadit of Mester Cicill his secret ennemy. "For gif I suld," said he, " haue # seamed to desyre that mariage, I suld haue tint the fauour of baith the # Quenis;" preing me till excuse him vnto the Quen, that it wald please # hir Maieste not to imput vnto him that lourd falt, bot vnto the malice of # his ennemys. Landing at Londoun, our denner was prepaired be the Erle of # Penburg; wha being gret maister, yet humbled him sa far as to serve the said table, as mester househald him self; and schew him self # to be a

deuot frend to the Quene anent hir title. That efter denner, I # tok my leawe at the Frenche ambassadour, with dyuer aduertismentis # from him, and from the Spanisch ambassadour. My L. of Leycester # send also wretingis with me to my L. of Murray, till excuse him at # the Quenis hand. The day apponted, I gat my despasche fra secretary Cicill, # together with a lettre of credit and a mair ample declaration of the # Quenis mynd, tueching the same answers that sche had maid vnto me hir self. # He gaif me also a wreting to the secretary Liddingtoun; for as I # haue said, my L. of Lecister, and he my Lord of Murray and the # secretary Liddingtoun, reuled baith the Quenis, and kepit correspondance # togither as yet. When I tok my leawe, the secretary Cicill convoyed me throw # the close to the vtter +get of his palice, sa I may call it, efter # he had put a faire cheigne about my nek hym self. My Lady Lenox and Sir Nycholas Throgmorton send many gud aduyces to the Quen, to be folowed fourth according to the tym and occasions. My Lady Lenox send # also takens to the Quen, a ring with a fair dyemont; ane emeraud to # my L. hir husband, wha was yet in Scotland; a dyamont to my L. of Murray; ane orlege or montre set with dyamontis and rubis, to # the secretary Liddingtoun; a ring with a ruby to my brother Sir # Robert; for sche was still in gud hope, that hir sone my Lord Darley # suld com better speid then the Erle of Leycester, anent the mariage # with the Quen. Sche was a very wyse and discret matroun, and had many # fauorers in England for the tym. At my hamecommyng, I fand the Quenis Maieste still in # Edinbrough; to whom I declaired the maner of my proceding with the Quen of

England, and hir answer to the speciall headis of my # instructions in wret. Hir Maieste answerit to the first; That wheras the Quen # thocht the tym very lang sen sche resauit other word or wret fra hir, # wherby sche mycht vnderstand of her gud estait, and had send me ther # to vesit hir in hir behalf; That sche thocht the tym aslang, albeit # sche had conceaued some greif anent the angry lettre; quhilk was the # greter, in respect it apperit that sche disdanit the offer of the best # gud sche had till geue, to wit the man whom sche estemed as hir # brother. And wheras sche had send me to vesit hir, sche was mair content # with my commyng then sche wald haue bene of any vther; being of hir # gud acquantance, with whom sche mycht famylierly declair hir # inwart mynd vnto the Quen my maistres, seing sche culd not meit with # hir (sa schon as sche desyrit) hir self; as I mycht declaire, how # famylierly sche had conferrit with me all hir inwart greifis and desyres, # and how weill sche was satisfied, and how willing till continow all # gud offices of amytie; and suld for that effect send schortly doun to the # borders, commissioners that wer named be hir self, to meit with my L. # of Murray and Liddingtoun. As for the Parlement, it wes yet in dout whither it held or # not. Gene it held, the Quen suld get na hurt in hir richt, nother # directly nor indirectly, bot suld be alwayes foirwarnit in dew tym. Then I schew hir Maieste at lenth, of all vther purposes # that fell out be occasion betwen hir and me; togither with the oppinions and # aduertismentis of dyuers of hir frendis in England, asweill catholikis as protestantis; and from the ambassadour of Spain, of the K. his # masters gud will towardis hir Maieste; and lyk wayes of Don Carle the

prince, albeit that he was for the tym in some suspition with # his father; wherby the purpose of mariage wald apperantly tak some delay, vntill matters mycht fram better betwen the father and the # sonne; assuring hir Maieste of his awen perticulair seruice and futherance at # his power, and suld from tym to tym mak hir intelligence. Hir Maieste was very glaid that matters wer brocht again in # sa gud termes, as that famylier dealing mycht continew betwen hir and # the Quen of England; wherby sche mycht haue acces to get # intelligence fra a gret nomber of noble men and vthers, hir frendis and # factioners in England; and because sche fearit also to get the wyet of # ther discord, gif it had continowed. Efter that hir Maieste had vnderstand at gret lenth, all # my handling and proceadingis in England, sche inquyrit whither I thocht # that Quen menit trewly towardis hir asweill inwartly in hir hart, as # sche apperit to do outwardly be hir speach. I said, in my jugement, that # ther was nather plain dealing nor vprycht meanyng, bot gret # dissimulation, emulation, and fear that hir princely qualites suld ouer schone, chaise # hir out, and displace hir from the kingdome; as having alredy hendrit # hir mariage with the Archeduc Charles of Austria, and now offering vnto # hir my L. of Leycester, whom sche wald be laith as then to want. # Then the Quen gaif me hir hand, that sche suld never mary the said # new maid erle; albeit schortly whyll efter, my L. of Murray and Bedford # met besyd Berwik to trait vpon the mariage with Leycester, with # slenderer offers and les effectuell dealing then was loked for. Bot the # said Erle of Leycester had wreten sa discret and wyfe lettres vnto my L. # of Murray, for his excuses, that the Quen apperit to haue sa gud lyking # of him, as that the Quen of England began to fear and suspect that the # said mariage

mycht perchance tak effect. And therfore my L. Darley obteanit # the rather licence to com in Scotland, wha was a lusty youth, in # hope that he suld preuaill being present, before Leycester that was # absent. Quhilk licence was obteanit be the meanis of the secretary Cicill; # not that he was myndit that any of the mariages suld tak effect, bot with # sic schiftis and praktikes to hald the Quen on maried sa lang as he culd. # For he persuadit him self, that my L. Darley durst not pass fordwart # without the consent of the Quen of England to the said mariage; his # land lying in England, and his mother remanyng ther. Sa he thocht it lay # in the Quen his mistres awen hand, to let the mariage go # fordwart, or to stey the same at hir plesour; and incaice my L. Darley wald # disobey the Quen of Englandis charge, to com bak at hir ca, intendit # to forfault him, wherby he suld lois all his landis richtis and titles # that he had in England. The Quenis Maieste, as I haue said, efter hir returnyng out # of France to Scotland, behaued hir self sa princely, sa honorably and # discretly, that hir reputation spred in all contrees; and was determynit # and also inclynit to continow in that kynd of comelynes, vnto the end # of hir lyf; desyring to hald nane in hir company bot sic as wer of the # best qualitez and conuersation, abhorring all vices and vitious personnes, # whither they wer men or wemen; and requested me to assist hir in # geuyng hir my gud consaill, how sche mycht vse the meatest meanis till # aduance hir honest intention; and incaice sche, being yet yong, mycht # for+get hir self in any vnseamly gestour or misbehauour, that I wald # warn hir therof, with my admonition to forbear and refourm the sam. # Quhilk commission I refused altogither, saying that hir verteous # actions, hir naturell jugement, and gret experience sche had learnit in the # company

of sa many notable princes in the court of France, had # instructed hir sa weill and maid hir sa able as to be ane exemplar to all hir # subiectis and seruandis. Bot sche wald not leaue it sa, bot said sche knew # that sche had committed dyuers errours, vpon na euell menyng, for lek of # the admonition of loving frendis; because that the maist part of # courteouris commonly flatteris princes to won ther fauour, and will not # tell them the verite, fearing to tyn ther fauour; and therfore adjured # me, and commandit me to accept that charge; quhilk I said was a # ruynous commission, willing hir to lay that bourthen vpon hir brother my Lord of Mourray and the secretary Liddingtoun; bot sche said that sche # wald not tak it in sa gud a part of them as of me. I said, I fearit # that it wald cause me with tym tyn hir fauour; bot sche said, it # apperit I had ane euell oppinion of hir constancy and discretion, quhilk # oppinion sche douted not bot I wald alter efter that I had essayed the # occupation of that frendly and famylier charge. In the mean tym, sche maid # me famylier till all hir maist vrgent affaires; bot cheifly in hir dealing # with any forren nation, sche schew unto me all her lettres, and # them that sche resauit fra vther princes; and willit me to wret vnto sic # princes as I had acquaintance of, and to some of ther counsellours; wherin # I for+get not to set out hir vertus, and wald schaw hir again ther # answers, and sic occurrences as posted for the tym betwen contrees, to hir # gret contentement. For sche was of a quyk spirit, and curious to knaw and to get intelligence of the estait of vther contrees; and wald # be sometymes sad when sche was solitary, and glaid of the company of them that had trauelit in vther partis. Now ther cam heir in company with the ambassadour of # Scauoy, ane Dauid Ricio, of the contre of Piedmont, that was a merry # fallow and a

gud mucitien; and hir Maieste had thre varletis of hir chamber # that sang thre partis, and wanted a beiss to sing the fourt part; # therfor they tald hir Maieste of this man to be ther fourt marrow, in fort # that he was drawen in to sing somtymes with the rest; and eftirwart # when the ambassadour his maister retournit, he stayed in this contre, # and wes retiret in hir Maiestes seruice as ane varlet of hir chamber. And # efterwart when hir French secretary retired him self till France, this # Dauid obtenit the said office, and therby entrit in greter credit, # and occupied hir Maiesteis ear of tymes in presens of the nobilite, and # when ther was gretest conventions of the estatis; quhilk maid hym to be sa # invyed and hatted, cheifly when he grew sa gret that he presented all # signatours to be subscryuit be hir Maieste, that some of the nobilite # wald glowm vpon him, and some of them wald schulder him and schut # hym by, when they entrit in the chamber, and fand him alwais # speaking with hir Maieste. And some again that had hard turnis to be helpit, # new infestmentis to be tane, or that desyred to preuaill against # ther ennemys in court or session, addressit them vnto him, and dependit # vpon hym; wherby in schort tym he becam very rich. Not without some fear, therefore, he lamented his estait vnto me, and askit my # consaill, how to behaue hym self. I tald him, that strangers wer # commonly envyed when they medlit ouer far in the affaires of forren contrees. # He said, he being secretary to hir Maieste in the Frenche tung, # had occasion therby till occupy hir Maiesteis ear, as hir formair secretary # vsed to do. I said again, that it wes thocht that the maist part of # the affaires of the contre past throw his bandis; and aduysit him, when the nobilite wer present, to gif them place, and prey the Quenis # Maieste to be content therwith; and schew him, for ane example, how I

had bene is sa gret fauour with the Electour Palatin, that he # caused set me at his awen table, and the burd being drawen, used to # confer with me in presens of his haill court; wherat dyuers of them # tok gret indignation against me; quhilk sa schone as I persauit, I # requested him to let me sit from his awen table, with the rest of his # gentilmen, and na mair to conferre with me in ther presens, bot to send a paige for me, any tym that he had leaser, till com to hym in # his chamber; quhilk I obteanit, and that way maid my master not to # be hated, nor my self to be invyed; and willit him to do the lyk. # Quhilk he did, and said vnto me efterwart, that the Quen wald not # suffer him, bot wald nedis haue him to vse him self in the auld maner. I # answerit that I was sory for the inconuenientis that mycht ensew # therupon; and efterwart, seing the invy against the said Dauid till # increase, and that be his wrek hir Maieste mycht incure displesour, I remembrit # vpon hir Maiesteis commandement, till foirwarn and admonish hir of all # apperant eylestis that mycht chance to fall out, as I had done dyuers # tymes of before, (quhilk was gratiously refourmed and redrest be hir # Maieste.) Now I tok occasion lykwayes to enter with hir Maieste, and in # maist humble maner schew her what aduyse I had geuen unto Seigneur # Dauid, as is aboue specified. Hir Maieste said, that he medlit na # farther bot in hir French wretingis and affaires, as hir vther Frenche # secretary had done of before; and said, that wha euer fand falt # therwith, sche wald not leawe to do hir ordinary directions. I remembrit hir # Maieste what displesour sche had tane of before, for the rasche # misbehauour of a Frenche gentilman callit Chattellier, transported be hir # affabilite; and lykwais of the Erle of Arran for the same cause; not # douting bot hir Maiesteis graue and comely behauour towardis sic # strangers,

and transportit leicht persones, wald bring them in a mair # deutifull reuerence to hir honour, and the contentement of hir # subiectis. Sche thankit me for my continuell cair, and promysed to tak # sic gud ordour ther intill as the cause requyred. I haue said alredy, how that my Lord Darley was aduysed to # sut liscence to com in Scotland; wha at his first commyng fand the # Quen in the Wemes, makand hir progress throw Fyfe. Hir Maieste tok # weill with him, and said that he was the lustiest and best # proportionit lang man that sche had sean; for he was of a heich stature, lang # and small, euen and brent vp; weill instructed from his youth in all # honest and comely exercyses. And eftir he had hanted a quhill in court, # he proponit mariage to hir Maieste; quhilk sche tok in ane euell part at # the first, as sche tald me that same day hir self; and how sche # had refused the ring quhilk he then offerit vnto hir. Wher I tok occasion, # as I had begun, to speak in his fauour, that ther mariage wald put out # of dout ther title to the succession. I can not tell how he fell in # acquantance with seignieur Dauid, bot he also was his gret frend at the # Quenis hand; sa that hir Maieste tok ay the langer the better lyking # of him, and at lenth determinit to mary him. Quhilk being knawen vnto # the Quen of England, sche send and chargit him to return; and also # send hir ambassadour Sir Nycholas Throgmortoun in Scotland, baith # to dissuad the Quen to mary him, and incaice the Quen wald not folow hir advyse in hir mariage, to perswad the lordis and sa many as # wer of hir religion, to withstand the said mariage, onles the said # Lord Darley wald promise and subscryve to abyd at the religion refourmed, # quhilk he had planly professit in England. The Quen again persauing # the Quen of Englandis ernest oposition till all the mariages that # wer offerit

vnto hir, thocht not meit to delay any langer hir mariage. Bot my L. Duc of Chattelerault, my Lordis of Argyll, Murrey, # Glencarn, Rothes, and dyuers vthers lordis and barrons, withstod the # said mariage; wha efter that they had maid a mynt to tak the Lord Darley, in the Quenis company, at the raid of Baith, and to haue send # him in England as they allegit, I wot not what was in ther mynd, bot # it was ane euel fauorit enterpryse, wherintill the Quen was in # danger other of keping, or hart breking; and as they that had failed # of ther fulische enterpryse, tok on planly ther armes of rebellion. # Hir Maieste again convenit forces till persew them, and chacit them heir # and ther, till at lenth they wer compellit to fle in England for refuge, # to hir that had promysed be hir ambassadours to wair hir crown in # ther deffence, incaice they wer dryuen till any strait for ther opposition # vnto the said mariage. Quhilk was all denyed at ther commyng to # seak help; and when they send vp my L. of Murray to that Quen, the # rest abyding at Newcastell, he culd obtean nathing but disdain and # scorn; till at lenth he, and the Abbot of Kilwynning his compaignon # in that message, wer perswadit to com and confess vnto the Quen vpon # ther knees, and that in presens of the ambassadours of France and # Spain, that hir Maieste had neuer moued them to that opposition and # resistance against ther Quenis mariage. For this sche had desyred, to # satisfie the saidis ambassadours, wha baith allegit in ther maisters names, # that sche was cause of the said rebellion, and that hir only delyt was # to steir vp discention amang all hir nybours, not without cause; yet in # this allegence sche ouer cam them; for sche handlit the matter sa subtilie, # and the vther twa sa blaitly, in granting vnsuthfastly hir desyre, # vpon hir faire promyse, that sche tryumphed ouer the saidis # ambassadours, for

ther allegence. Bot vnto my L. of Murray and his marrow sche # said, "Now ye haue tald the treuth; for I nor nane in my name sterit # you vp against your Quen; for your abominable tresoun mycht serue # for exemple, to moue my awen subiectis to rebell against me. # Therfore pak you out of my presens; ye ar bot vnworthy traitours." This # was all ther meritorious reward; and wer not the mair moyen was # maid be some in England that pitied them, they had not bene # sufferit to remain within hir dominions during ther banissement. Howbeit # sche had promysed of new again to assist and help them to the # vttermaist of hir power, with condition that they wald pleise hir sa far # as to sit doun vpon ther knees, in presens of the saidis ambassadours, # and mak the foirsaid fals confession. As for secret help, sche maid # them nane; only they obteanit a small contribution of a thre thowsand # poundis Scotis, amang some of ther awen religion ther, wha had born # them gud will of before; quhilk wes distribut amang the rest of the # banissit lordis, wher they remanit altogither at Newcastell, comfortles and in # gret miserie. I haue declairit, that asweill the consell of Englandis # courtly dealing, schifting and drifting, be staying the Quen sa far as they # mycht fra marieing with any man, far or neir, gret or small, caused the # Quen to haist fordwart hir mariage with my L. Darley; quhilk was # solemnssiit in the palice of Halyrodhouse, within the Quenis chapell, at # the mess; wherin seigneur Dauid was na small instrument, as said is. Then Scotland being almaist hailely at the refourmed # religion, tok a dislyking of the K. because, as was allegit, he had planly # professit the same religion before in England. Then inventions and bruitis # wer raised, how that the said seigneur Dauid had a pension of the # Paip;

and having baith Quen and K. of his oppinion, mycht the rather # and easeyler attempt with tym, to plant again in Scotland the # Roman Catholik religion. And euen in tha dayes, the Paip send the soum of 8000 crownis to be delyuerit to the Quen; bot the schip # wherein the said gold was, brak vpon the coist of England within the Erle # of Northomberlandis boundis. Wha allegit the haill to appertean vnto him be just law; quhilk he caused his aduocat red vnto me, ( when # I was directed to him for the said siluer,) in the auld Normand # langage, quhilk nother he nor I vnderstod weill, it was sa corrupt. Bot # he wald geue na part therof to the Quen, albeit he was a Catholik him # self, and vtherwayes professit secretly to be hir frend. Efter that the Quenis Maieste had maried my L. Darnley, # sche did him gret honour her self, and willit euery ane that wald # deserue hir favour to do the lyk, and to await vpon him; sa that he was # weill accompanied, and sic as sutted him and be him, for a whill, # cam best speid of ther errandis. And because he maried by the aduyse of # the Quen of England, my Lady Lenox his mother was committit til be wardit in the tour of Londoun, wher sche remanit lang. All this whyll I attendit still vpon the Quen, with les # famylierite than I had of before; lykways the secretary Liddingtoun was in # suspition, as a fauorer of my L. of Murrey. I seing my seruice for the tym na mair nedfull, humilly procured liscence at the Quen to # return till France, and vther partis wher I had spendit the half of # my tym; bot hir Maieste wald not grant that I suld leaue hir, meruelen # what mycht moue me. I said that the tym was full of suspitions, and # that I was assured to do hir Maieste better seruice in any vther # contre then heir at hame, as matters had fallen out. Sche said, that I # culd do hir

asgud seruice heir at hame as any that seruit hir, gif I # plesit; bot that I had left af to tell hir my oppinion anent her proceedingis. # I said, that I fearit that my oppinionis mycht chance to be vnplaisant vnto # hir Maieste; bot sche affirmed the contrair, and said that I had # ennemys that did what they culd to put me in suspition with the K., as # being a fauorer of my L. Murrey; quhilk sche had put out of the Kingis head, as being better acquanted with my natur and conditions; # saying that sche knew weill that I had a lyking of my L. of Murrey, # bot not of his maner of doing, and that sche was assured that I loued # hir ten tymes better nor hym; and said mair ouer, that gif asmekle # euell wer spoken of hir to me, as was of me till hir, that sche wald # wiss that I suld geue them na mair credit against her, then sche did or # suld do against me; and gaif me hir consaill to await vpon the King, # wha was bot yet yong, and to geue him and hir my gude aduyse, as # I was wont to do, that mycht help hir till eschew all apperant # inconvenientis; and gaif me hir hand, that sche suld tak all in a gud part # what euer I spak, as proceding of a loving and faithfull seruand; willing # me also to be frend vnto seigneur Dauid, wha was haited without cause. # The K. also tald me, what they wer that had spoken in my # contraire; and said, that they were knawen to be sic commown liers as ther # tong was na slander. Be this meanis the Quenis Maieste obligit me, ay # mair and mair, to be carefull for the weill of hir seruice; and to tak # occasion of new to geue hir Maieste my oppinion, to mak her proffit be the # mishandling of the Erle of Murrey and his associatis in England, be that Quenis vncourteous dealing with him before the twa specified # ambassadours, and had broken all her faire promyses unto him and them. First I schew vnto hir Maieste, how that euer sen hir return # in hir

awen contre, sche had sindre tymes essayed to get hir nobilite # and haill subiectis entierly and soundly affected, to tak plaine part # with hir in all actions whatsomeuer; and cheifly against England, incaice sche # mycht haue occasion till employ them; quhilk sche culd not as yet # obtean, because of the secret band and promyse wes maid amang them, the tym when the Englis army cam in at Leith, to help to put the # Frenche men out of Scotland. "Now," said I, "the occasion is offerit, wherby your # Maieste may bring your desyred intention till pass, gif ye culd find in # your hart, other till pardon my L. of Murray and his associatis, or elis # till prolong the parlement wherin they ar to be forfalted, vntill your # Maieste may aduyse and se what proffit may be drawen, other be ther # forfalting, or be putting them in hope of grace with tym, according as they # may mak cause in folowing and obseruyng sic reules and directions as # salbe set doun vnto them be your Maieste." To this sche answerit, that # now when they mycht not do na better they socht hir; bot when sche # socht ther concurrence, as subiectis vnto ther natywe prince, they # wald not heir hir; na mair wald sche now heir ther suttis. I said, when # soeuer they suld mak ther suttis, it suld not be by me; bot this I # propone of my self to your Maieste, wha can chuse the best and leave the # worst in all accidentis. Sen it is na litle matter to won the haill # hartis of all your subiectis, and also of a gud nomber in England that # fauours them and ther religion; wha wald admyre sic princely vertus, # as to se your Maieste to reull ouer your awen passions and affections, # and therby think you maist worthy to regne ouer kyngdomes; redy to # forgeue, and laith to vse vengeance cheifly against subiectis alredy # vincust, and not worthy of your wraith, and wha ar now sa willing to be

reuengit vpon your gretest aduersary. So that clemency at sic # a tym will be found maist convenient, and the part of justice callit # equite mair proffitable than rygour; for extremitie bringis on oft # tymes dispaired enterpryses. At this hir Maiste entrit in choler, saying, " I # deffy them. What dow they to do, and what dar they do?" I said, "Madame, with your Maiesteis pardone, my proposition is bo # [^bot^] folowing your Maiesteis commandement, to schaw you my oppinion and # apperances at all occasions, for the weill of your seruice." Then sche # said, that sche thankit me for the same, and granted that it was a # gud aduyse and necessary to be done; and that yet sche culd not find in # hir hart to haue ado with any of them, for dyuers respectis; # preing me not to leawe aff fra geuyng hir my continowell aduyse, at all # sic occasions; for howbeit sche mycht not folow this, sche mycht perchance do better another tym. I said, that many noblemen being banissit, # and sa neir hand as the Newcastell, having many vther noblemen # heir at hame of ther kin and frendis, sa mall content as I knew them # to be for the tym, with sic vnhappy bruitis wherof sche was not # ygnorant, caused me to fear some attemptat till ane alteration; for I # said I had hard weyd speaches, that we wald heir newes or the parlement # was endit. Hir Maieste sayed, that sche also some aduertismentis # of the lyk bruitis, bot that our contre men wer weill wordy. # Efter that I had bene this way in hand with hir Maieste, I entrit with # s=r= Dauid in the same maner; for then he and I wer vnder gud frendschip. # Bot he disdanit all danger, and dispysed consaill, sa that I was # compellit to say that I fearit our lait repentance. Ye haue hard how that Sir Nycholas Throgmorton was ane of # the twa Englis ambassadours, that wes sent in heir to stay the # mariage,

and to mak many promises in his mestress name to sa many as # wald resist the same; quhilk promyses wer afterwart denyed be the # Queen of England, and be Mester Randolphe. Bot Sir Nycholas Throgmorton stod na aw, nother of the Quen nor consaill, to tell the # verite, how that he had maid sic promyses to them in hir name. Quhilk the # consaill and craftiest courteouris thocht strange, and wer myndit to # punise him, for aduowing the said promyse to haue bene maid in his mestres # name, wer not that he, wysely and circomspectly, had ane act of # consaill for his warrant till produce; and the said Sir Nycholas was sa angry, # for that he had bene maid ane instrument to disceaue the Scotis # banissit lordis, that he aduysed them to sut humbly for pardone at ther awen # Quen, neuer again till offend hir for na prince alywe. And because # they had na moyen nor outgait, he pennit a perswasywe proposition, and # send in heir vnto hir Maieste. [^FRASER, SIR WILLIAM. MEMORIALS OF THE FAMILY OF WEMYSS OF WEMYSS. 3 VOLS. CORRESPONDENCE (VOL. III) EDITED BY THE AUTHOR. EDINBURGH 1888. FRASER, SIR WILLIAM. MEMORIALS OF THE EARLS OF HADDINGTON. 2 VOLS. CORRESPONDENCE (VOL. II) EDITED BY THE AUTHOR. EDINBURGH 1889. FRASER, SIR WILLIAM. THE CHIEFS OF GRANT. 3 VOLS. CORRESPONDENCE (VOL. II) EDITED BY THE AUTHOR. EDINBURGH 1883. CORRESPONDENCE OF SIR PATRICK WAUS OF BARNBARROCH, KNIGHT, 1540-1597. ED. ROBERT VANS AGNEW. EDINBURGH: DAVID DOUGLAS, 1882. FRASER, SIR WILLIAM. THE SUTHERLAND BOOK. 3 VOLS. CORRESPONDENCE (VOL. II) EDITED BY THE AUTHOR. EDINBURGH 1892 SAMPLE 1: (WEMYSS) PP. 68.1-68.26 (WILLIAM SCOTT) SAMPLE 2: (HADDINGTON) PP. 143.24-145.6 (THOMAS, LORD BINNING) PP. 122.9-126.4 (JULIANA KER) PP. 157.9-157.31 (JULIANA KER) SAMPLE 3: (GRANT) PP. 53.28-54.5 (LILIAS GRANT) PP. 55.1-55.27 (JOHN GRANT) PP. 57.31-58.10 (JOHN GRANT) SAMPLE 4: (WAUS) PP. 379.27-380.19 (KATHERINE KENNEDY) PP. 384.22-386.3 (PATRICK WAUS) PP. 386.4-389.18 (KATHERINE KENNEDY) PP. 393.25-395.11 (KATHERINE KENNEDY) PP. 462.8-463.31 (PATRICK WAUS) SAMPLE 5: (SUTHERLAND) PP. 113.1-121.14 (JOHN, 12TH EARL OF SUTHERLAND) PP. 123.12-125.15 (JANE, COUNTESS OF SUTHERLAND) PP. 125.16-129.20 (ALEXANDER GORDON) PP. 131.1-132.18 (JANE, COUNTESS OF SUTHERLAND) PP. 142.9-142.20 (JANE, COUNTESS OF SUTHERLAND^]

[} [\90. SIR WILLIAM SCOTT OF BALWEARIE TO JOHN WEMYSS OF THAT ILK. 1ST APRIL 1569.\] }] Father, efter hartly commendatioun of seruice: This present # is till aduerteis yow that my Lord Bischop of Mwrray hes causit charge # me wyth letteris of the four formes for the payment of my teyndis # of Glendowok, and of ane pairt of the quhilkis I am nocht haldin # to pay him as I onderstand, and the letteris is sa generall that I # knawe nocht quhair wyth aw he charges me, and in respect of the # generalitie I will get thaim suspendit vpoun cautioun, wyth owt the quhilk I will # nocht get letteris of suspensioun: Quhairfor I pray yow effectuislie # that [{ye{] will send yowr obligatioun to Johne Wallace, that ye will be # cautioun and souirtie for me, to content and pay quhatsumevir sowme or # sowmes the bischop of Mwrray sall happin for till ewict or recover aganis # me. And I, Syr William Scot of Balwery, be thir presentis, bindis and # oblisis me, my airis, executouris, and assignais, to releife yow, and # keipe yow, yowr airis, executouris, and assignais, skaithles at the said # bischop of Mwrrayis handis, of quhatsumevir sowme or sowmes the said # bischop sall happin to recouer or obtene aganis me. In witnes of the # quhilk, I haif subscriuit this my mysiwe and obligatioun wyth my hand, # at Strameglo, the first day of Aprile, the yeir of God j=m=v=c= # thre skoir nyne yeiris, befoir thir witnessis, Mr. Thomas Lyndesay, Androw # Scot, and William Cwnynghame, apperand of Glengarnoche. [^SIGNATURE OMITTED^] To his father the Lard of Wemis.

[} [\181. THOMAS, LORD BINNING, TO HIS FATHER, THOMAS, EARL OF # MELROSE, 20TH JANUARY 1625.\] }] My Lord, - I took occatione the vther day to speak to my # Lord of Mortone about the excambione of the superiorities your lordship speak of: he # tauld that he wald think wpon it, and gif ane ansuer at our meiting in Edinburgh. # Theirefter, my lord said to me he douted not bot your lordship had acquianted me with # quhat had passed betuixt your lordship and him about his lands in Tueadell, and was # sorie it sould haue gon

bak for so small ane soume: he said since he had first mad # offer of those lands to your lordship, he wald rather they fall in your hands then any # vther man. I desyred to knaw the price, and quhat securitie he could gif of the # teinds: he said the price he gaue my vncle was six score and fyve thowsand merkis for # the land, and fyv thowsand merks for the superioritie of Kilbucho: for the teind # he could gif als good securitie as could be devysed, for he was patrone himself of # the kirk of Newlands, quhich is of far mor worth then the vther of Lintone quhairof # he is kyndly taksman, and so hes his predecesores bein thir mony yers, quhich he can # schaw be four or fyve takis wuhich he hes to schaw. It haulds of Kelso, and he hes ane # ninteine yeirs tak, set be my Lord Roxbruch, quhirof thair is sextein or seivteine yeir # to runne. Gif your lordship haue any mynd to these lands, he doubts not to gife your # [{lordship{] contentment in the securitie; and for the price, he is content to let both # the lands and the superioritie of Kilbucho be for six score and fyve thowsand merkis, quhich # is fyve thowsand merkis lesse then his first offer. Gif your lordship lyk of them at # this price, ye sall haue, and will think himself obleiged to your lordship quhill he liues # for takin them in tyme, becaus the langer he kepes them he will be more preiuged. He # desyred me to meit him in Edinburgh vpon the 26 of this moneth: gif your lordship # think it fit I cum soner, returne ane ansuer with this bearer, and I sall obey # it. - Your lordships most obediente son and humble servante, (^Binning.^) Frome Cuper, the 20 of Januar. I deliuered your lordships commissione to my lord of # Stormont: he hes his seruice remembred to your lordship. To my most honored lord and father, the Erle of Melrose. [} [\182. THE SAME TO THE SAME, 4TH FEBRUARY 1625.\] }] [^THOMAS, LORD BINNING, TO THOMAS, EARL OF MELROSE.^] My Lord, - I receaved my brothers letter, quhairby I # wnderstand your lordship hes changed your intentione of my wyfe cuming to sie your # lordship, becaus of the infectione at Crawmont. We are going this day to Stirling, and # quhen so euer your lordship thinks it fit schee cum thither, schee sall obey your # lordship's directione thairin. My Lord of Morton will be in Edinburgh wpon the tent # day of this moneth, wnles the plage increse so that the feare of it stay him: and # if so be, quhich God forbid, he will meate your lordship quhair and quhen your # lordship pleases to apoint him, and sall satisfie your lordship both in your securities # and the rentall, or else it salbe no bargaine. Till his cuming to Edinburgh, he can gif me # no resolute ansuer anent the excambion. Gif your lordship think fit that I cum # east befoire the apointed tym, let me knaw it, and I sall obey your lordships # commandementis. I haue sent yow

heir inclosed the stent quhich your lordship directed me to # get from the clark of this toune. My Lord of Rothes and his lady, therr seruice remembred # to your lordship. So, wisching your lordship all happines, I rest your # lordship's most obedient sone and humble servante, (^Binning.^) Couper, the 4 of Februar 1625. To my most honored lord and father, the Earle of Melrose.

[} [\156. JULIANA KER, TO HER HUSBAND, THOMAS, LORD BINNING, # SECRETARY OF SCOTLAND. 4TH OCTOBER 1613.\] }] My deir hairt, - I resaifit your letter this Fryday: I am # verry euel plesit vith me lord's determenation, seing it fals to Sir Jamis be lyn the # vaird and to preuent that danger vos the gretest caus I craiued it. He is ouer the vater # in Balmereno, and his dyat verry vncertane. I desyr eirnestly, saifing your visdome, # that the mater be vneneded, and the naime left out til I mak tryal of his # mening, for he vil be als stokit parhaps as me lord is: gif he be so, I had rether be in me # lords reuerence nor his. I haif no vol to cos for the vors. I desir that ether your # lordschipe or my vncle impairt the mater to Sir Jamis Steuart, to quhom I haif vritin to # interced vith me lord my brother, that on of the tuo els nomenat, may be pit in the # assignation; and gif it cannot be, thar is no remed bot pasience, perforce. As to my # langsumnes, my hart, I vol mak condetion vith you that quhan ye mend your predomenant # falt, I sall mend it, for I trou thay be both ouer sikar seuit till vs. Anent my # merrenes, gif you vald visch it, tret your self veil, and be content vith God his # vol, houeuer maters sucseid, for vpon your contentment myn depends. Omit no ocation, I # beseik you, to send me haim gud tidings of your veilfair, quik salbe veilcomar to me # nor any vther neuis that can cum, houbeit it be gud: my commen to kis my cummer. Gif my # affection vold permit me to think ane euel thoucht of you, this letter vol # perhaps be construeit as the remarkable letter vos quilk I vol not gif my self leue to # think vpon. I purposit to haif send you my two taks, and Jhon Nasmith's letter about the # seluer he is adetit to me, and ane not of sum eirands; bot the vrgent haist of the # pairting of the pakit about me lord Tounglands deid, quik I wald be glaid to haif # you the frist aduertisar of, and sum vther nesesar afairis forcis me to conclud, and # remit al vther maters til neu occation. Excus me to my vncle that hes not vritin to him, # and tak the vyt vpon

your self, becaus ye deseru it veil. Euen quhan I had vritin # all this letter this Mononday at morn, I resaifit your letter from Morpeth, vith many # thanks, my suetest contentment, for your cairful rememberance of me, quhairof I # feir ye get ouer gud a meting; sua visching you al joy and happenes, both in this lyf # and in the voreld to com, quhairof I may be partaker. - I remaine, your affectionit # and obedyent vyf til deith, # (^D. Juliane Ker.^) Edinburgh, this 4 of October 1613. For gud nouels, ples your Lordschipe, vit that ye volbe on # fre man agane, and releuid of the bands that I beleue ye vor neuer fast bond # into. Gilbert Dik vol de, and consequently Jhon Tomsone your master must de also: he # thraif neuer sen ye scornit him to cal you his man. I suppon this lait leberte sal # expell the dregges of your melancolie, quilk I vol be glaid of rether to haif you # maister with merrenes nor said seruant be constraint. To my hairtly belouit husband, my lord Secretar of Scotland. [} [\157. JULIANA KER, TO HER HUSBAND, THOMAS, LORD BINNING, # SECRETARY FOR SCOTLAND. 13TH OCTOBER 1613.\] }] My deirest hairt, - I resaifit your letter on Mononday, the # 11 of October, daitit on Vedinsday the 6 of the samin, from Roystoun; quhairin ye aledg # that ye haif resaifit no vord nor vrit since ye pairtit from me. Remember # Thomas Foules broucht you on letter, and I am sur or nou ye haif resaifit vther thre # of myn, so that I am non behind vith you nou. In sted of merenes, your lat letter hes # broucht me gret heuynes, to remember that, for ony vareldly respect, ye sould so pyne # yourself with long and verresum jornays, and indanger your self so raschly quhen euer # ye haif occation, both vpon the sey and in the vatters, to my gret gref and # miscontentment. Tharfor my suet burd, as ye luf me, or desirs to bring any joy to my # hairt, mend thir falts for my veil, albeit ye vor cairles of your auin helth. As to my going # to the Mers, I haif chaingit that purpos, for I know be the conteneuance of this # euel vodir, that my corns is al split be the males of that godles menester; and so # I had rether heir tel of sorou nor se it: and by that, both the vay is extraordenar # deip, and I so euel horsit, that it is pasit my traueling til our fair cotch com # haim, and my haknay, and my sadil, and many vther decorments, quhairof ye sal # resaif ane not, by jeuels and susch ornaments, quilk I refer to your discretion. Gif the # haist of your haimcuming defraud me of al thir, ye salbe veilcumar to me, my hairt, in # helth and veilfair, quilk I pray God contineu you in al my days, and # many longer, nor al the

jeuels in Londin vithout you sould be. God knaus, that kens # the secrets of al hairts, condetionally as ye vrit to me that ye abus not this luf vith # your dismal nichts, bot strif to gif it on perfit meting, quilk I trou scairsly be # in your possybelatie. In al your derektions I sal do, be Jamis Vinerhames aduis, any # thing I can, and hes delyuerit al your commistions ye vrit to me, also I haif # vritin to the tresorar at lenth, and hes referit the informmation of al my busines to # your lordshipe, and the letter quhairin I notit tham. Al vther maters I refer to nixt # aduertisment or meting, quilk I pray God may be both haype and joyful to vs. # As for your haist haim, I feir it be ouer gret, so that ye ouer hail your frends # eirands and your auin both tharvith, quilk I vald pray you not to do, bot to # tak resonable tim; and remember that Londin is not at the dor: far better to tary 8 # or 10 days langer nor go agane. So leuing to truble you and my self both longer # this lait nicht, I commit you to God his holy keiping, for euer rests, your # faithfully affectionit vyf til deith, (^D. Juliane Ker.^) Edinburgh, this Vedinsday, the 13 of October, 1613 zeir. Jamis Killouch hes vroacht on verry gret cur in schort tim, # as I vrait befor in houp of zour lordschipe's kindness for my caus, quilk I houp # ye vol not foryet, he being best vorthy of the imployment to. To my deirly belouit husband, my lord Secretar of Scotland. [} [\158. JULIANA KER, LADY BINNING, TO HER HUSBAND, THOMAS, # LORD BINNING. 11TH APRIL, NO YEAR.\] }] My hairt, - Gif I pray not for you, I am sur God vil lay it # to your chairg that any eirthly caus sould a moueit you to go fro me at this tim. # Ye haif tryit my pasyence hardly aneuch heirtofor, howbeit ye had bidin vith me # nou, and fed me in al my humors. Gif ye had bein als laith to haif left me as I # vos to lat you go; albeit I said nothing, ye vald not a crosit Forth at this tim. # Ye ken thair is ane ald prouerb, Folk may pund for det, bot not for kindnes, bot if I # vost quhat to pund I think I micht boldly, becaus your kindnes is proper det to # me, althocht ye defraud me thairof. I haif bein conteneually seik and verry feirit sen # your pairting to haif bein chairgit vith ane euel prouidit jornay, quhairfor I # request you, my suet hairt, to haist you haime that I may haif your company and louing # intertenyment, quisch I esteme mor of nor any vther thing that is in your pouer. Ye # vol not beleu this langadg til I be deid, and then ye vol veip for the abus of # susch loue. Alexander Diksone said ye bad send vost the cofer and sum vith graith # quisch is redy to cum; bot non heir hes the key of the cofer to lay in the graith in, # sua it mon ether cum

tum, or stay til your haim cuming, any ye ples; sua vosing you # al felesate both in this lyf and the lyf to cum, quhairof I may be halfer, I ceis, # and sal remaine, your interly affectionit bedfalou til deith, (^Juliane Ker, Lady Binning.^) Edinburgh, 11 Apryle. To my deirly belouit husband, my Lord Binning, thes. [} [\159. THE SAME TO THE SAME. 31ST AUGUST, NO YEAR.\] }] [^JULIANA KER, LADY BINNING, TO THOMAS, LORD BINNING.^] My hairt, - To obey you, leist ye had blaimit me for his # stay, I vrait not vith Maknab, bot hes send my ansur vith this boy, to lat you knou tharby # that my desir is to be quhair ye ar, quhether it be in landuart, or the boroustoune. # I pray God mak you as desirous of my company and kindnes as I am of yours, and # then I am sur ve vald neuer discord. I haif sene it so befor; and I houp in God his # merce, in despit of the deuel and al lears, to se it so agane, both sun and happaly; # for, God knaus, I neuer deseruit, nor, vith his grace, sal deseru the contrair. Gif it # had plesit you, sen your vay going, to haif commendit me ether to haif don or gart do # any of your eirands heir, I am sur I both could and sould a don tham als vilingly # as any that euer ye imployit; bot seing it plesit you not to do it, I am content; # expon me as ye ples, as God sal judg my saul at that gret day, excep the loue I beir # you, thair could no caus erthly, feir of euel nor assuranc of gud, moue me to humble # myself so far to no man leuing as I haif don, and vald vilingly do to you. Tharfor, my # deir hairt, for his saik that deit for you, gif me on meting, that this fremit and # vnsemly sort of leuing betuen you and me may seis, quhilk, God knaus, I pray for dayly. As # to my coming vost, quhan ye ples to send for me I salbe redy. I haif nether hors # nor man of myn heir, bot any ye think gud to send. Gif ye ples, I sal send and # borou my sister's haiknay. For weman, I vol bring non vith me bot on, excep ye bid. Sua, # feiring to be faschus, I commit you to God's keping. Your louing and obedyent vyf, (^Juliane Ker.^) Edinburgh, this last of Agust. To my deirly belouit husband, my Lord Binning. [} [\160. JULIANA KER (TO HER HUSBAND). UNDATED.\] }] My Lord, - In regaird it vos ane far better voreld for me # quhan I vrait ouer to you, and your lordschipe com ouer to me, I am forced to return # to my vriting agane; lating you knau that gif I com ouer to my super, it salbe mor # for au nor for luf, excep

ye grant my sut. Thairfor it vol ples your lordschipe to vrit # me ouer ane neu oblegation, becaus I haif resaifit non this 8 days bygan, and # tham that I got befor, ye think, binds you not. So, according to your ansur, I remain, # your godmother or affectionit bedfalou, (^Juliane Ker.^)

[} [\195. JULIANA KER, TO HER HUSBAND, THOMAS, EARL OF # HADDINGTON. 12TH JANUARY 1629.\] }] My hairt, - I think long to her of your velfair, and my # bairn Roberts. I did neuer send this berar to thois parts since I resaifit your letter # til nou. I haif bene so sorouful for the vnlukit for deith of my nepheu, the maister # of Jedbrug, that it hes distractit me from doing any thing. I haif lost ane ner and # der kinsman, to my gret gref; and your lordschip vants ane vorthy frend that louit you # derly, I can ber vitness; bot ve must al be content vith Gods vil; it is not man # ve haif to rekin vith in this busines: sua visching you many happe days, I tak my leue, # and rests your very louing vyfe, # (^Juliane Kar.^) Redbrais, 12th Januar 1629. To my very honorable lord and velbelouit husband, the Erle of # Hadinton. [} [\196. THE SAME TO THE SAME. 24TH FEBRUARY 1629.\] }] [^JULIANA KER, LADY BINNING, TO THOMAS, EARL OF HADDINGTON.^] My hairt, - Albeit I her not oft from you, I am eirnest to # knou of your velfair, and my bairn Roberts, quisch I am glaid to her of be the report of # tham that cums betuen. I haif neuer sent any into Edinbrug since I resaifit your # letter, bot intendit to haif bene the first my self, gif this euel storme vother had not # hindirit me. I vos neuer ane very stout ryder, and nou I am mor affrayit nor euer I # vos, and vnable to help it vith: sua haifing no neuis in thir pairts vorthy to truble # your eiris vith, I tak my leue, visching you al happenes and contentment, I rest, your very # louing vyfe, (^Juliane Kar.^) Redbrais, 24th Fabreuar 1629. To my very honorable lord and velbelouit husband, the Erle of # Hadinton.

[} [\95. LILIAS GRANT, WIFE OF SIR WALTER INNES OF BALVENIE, TO # HER MOTHER, LILIAS MURRAY, LADY GRANT. (CIRCA 1630.)\] }] Madame, and loueing mother, I reseauit your ladyships # letter, and am glaid of your ladyships good health and all your companie that hes easheaipit that # denger, quhilk I houp is avay. As to myself, I am veill, praisit be God, sum tyms # veill and sum tyms siklie; and quhair your ladyship desyris to know giue I be vith bairne, # I think I be sence Youill, bot it not quik bot vithin this aucht dayis, so that I can not # speik of it yeit. God preserue me and it both; for senc I knaue your ladyship vill not cum # and sie me, yeit I houp to cum

and sie your ladyship onse ore I be in danger of death, and # sall refer all to God. Lat him doe vith me that pleasis him. So vising your ladyship manie # hapie dayis, I sall remaine, Your loueing and obedient dochter to serue you, (^Lilias Grant.^) To my honnourable lady and loueing mother, the Lady Grant.

[} [\96. SIR JOHN GRANT OF FREUCHIE TO THE SAME.\] }] [^TO LILIAS MURRAY, LADY GRANT.^] From the Strand in Londoune, att the sing off the Holie Lame, 29 off Agust 1631. Honorabill and worthei mother, - I hawe vreittin thes to # know off your ladyship's good healthe; and for my selfe I doe thaink God I am weill. I hawe # doune nothing as yeitt in my affairs till the King cum to Londoune, bott I am still # doing sumquhatt, and I houp in God all ouir bissines sall succeid weill. My Lord, your # ladyship's brother, is weill, and will sie yow this nixt yeir. I am going this day to sie him at # Tibols att his auin houis, and with the nixt bearar your ladyship sall heir from me quhat I # hawe doune, and that sall be werrei shortlie. Sue woissing your ladyship and all your # companei all happines, I rest, your ladyship's loueing sone to serw yow, [^SIGNATURE OMITTED^] Glenmoriestoune is cum heir on Teysday, the 23 of Agust, and # was ane nicht att my lords houis in Tibols, quhar he was kyndlie acceptted. [} [\97. THE SAME TO THE SAME.\] }] [^SIR JOHN GRANT TO LADY GRANT.^] From my vnkils houis att Tibols, the 15 September 1631. Honorabill and loueing Mother, - Thes ar to know off your # good healthe and all your companeis. Praisit be God we ar all weill, and your ladyship's # brother is in good healthe, and I woiss God that he mey long continow in ane prosperous # esteatt; for iff he haid bein my father, he culd doe no mor for me. I houp, God uilling, to # putt ane end to all ouir bissines shortlie, and that they sall hawe ane good succes, # God uilling. I thocht to hawe sein sume lynnis from your ladyship's hands with the last # letters that my wyff sent vnto me; bot I houp befoir ye get occation off anei vreitting heir to # sie yow att home, for I houp ons within ane veik to mak ane end off all heir. Sue woissing your # ladyship all happines, I rest, Your loueing sone to serwe yow, (^S. J. Grant.^) To my honorabill and loueing mother the Lady Grant - thes.

[} [\102. SIR JOHN GRANT OF FREUCHIE TO HIS MOTHER, LADY # GRANT.\] }] Wrquhart, the eleventhe day of Junii 1635 yeires. Rycht honorabill and lowing Mother, - ... Let yowr ladyship # send heire my twa boyes on Thuirsday nixt at night preyceislie, or on Freday at # the farrest. Caus some twa

or thrie prettie men come with them. Pleas yowr ladyship, giue # direction to prowyd twa or thrie peassed naiges for them and Mr Johne Grant, with your # awin saidles. Let them be the first night at James M=c=Queyns hous, and send word # befor they come, and the next night they may be at ws, heir in Wrquhart. Let them # [{come{] by Duthell and Yland of Moy. They neid not goe neir Inverness, but come directly to # the Lochsyd anent the castell, and kyndle vp a fyre or mack some lycke signe, and we # shall send ane boatte for them. Swa wisching your ladyship all health and happines, I # rest and shall alway continow. Yowr ladyships affectionat sone to serue yow, (^S. J. Grant.^) To my honorabill and most lowinge mother, the Lady Grantt - # theis are.

[} [\LETTER FROM LADY BARNBARROCH TO HER HUSBAND, 5th MARCH 1586-7.\] }] [\HOLOGRAPH.\] Most speciall, efter meist hartle commendatioun, forsamekill ye sall resaif fre this berar, m=c=knakill, tua hunder merkis, # and I assuer yow that Jhone Kennedy heiss bene alss lesse [\lazy\] # in

ingetting of silver as he culd be, and heiss send out with m=c=kedy ane hundreth merkis. and furdar ye sall resaif ane memorandum of Jhone stewarttis to gar reis lettres to him. I # pray yow feill nocht bot ye causs sande vauss gange to the # pevderriss vith ij quart stoppis that da [\they\] ma be cassin, and send hame with the taggaris; and seiklyke feill nocht bot ye gar send hame the hard fyche vith the toll man, for I assuir yow # ye vilbe bot begyllit with petie stratoun; and geif ye haif nocht coft faggis and ressyngis. ye sall lat thame alon, for I vill # furneiss my self at hame vith thame that ye haif send hame; and seiklyke I pray yow that ye gar sande wauss get half ane galloun of vennagor, and send hame with the taggaris, and luik [{th{]at it be fyne; and, geif ye may, I pray yow to remember vpone M=r= rogger gordoniss besenes, for he heis send silver # with m=r= kedy to do his besseness vith. nocht haifand furdur # occation at this present, bot committis yow in to the protectioun of # god. frome barnbarothe the v dy of merche. - Be youris assurrit # as knavis god vnto the end, Dame Kathrein Kennady. To my most speciall eme me lord of barnebarroche.

[} [\LETTER FROM THE LAIRD OF BARNBARROCH TO HIS WIFE, 24TH APRIL 1587.\] }] Maiste Special and derest vnder god, Eftyr all my # commendationes, this Is to lat yow vndyrstand that as yit ve haif nocht resauit our dispeche, and the grytast parte of our care # Is the vant of siluer, quhilk can not be haid. the toune of Edy=t= hais provydit and payit for our chipe and the vittalying # thairof, for the quhilk ve suld allow ijm libs, and as for the vther # iij=m= libs It can nocht be haid, except the kingis majestie caus thomas achesone m=r= cunyeour furneyss It, and geife sua be, I think it sall fall in my avyn hand, and he to grante hym to haife ressauit the samin fra me in name of me loyrde of mvrray

and sua I man furneyss It; thairfor I man pray you to be the mayr delygent that the siluer that Is to be gottyn at hame be gadderit in In your avyn hand to releife this dett. as for malcum flemyne, he Is not cumyn to me, and geife he be cumyn to yow, ressaue his siluer, or putt It In villame hovistonis # hand quhill he ressaue his Infeyftmente, quhilk salbe send to you vyth delygence vpon your aduertessmente. as for all vther besenes I can vreitt na farder nor I schow you befoyr your hame passyng, and minvit I delyuerit to yow, quhairin ye will do as your visdom sall think guid. I pray god I may heir guid nevis of you and your byrthe, and alsua ye of our voiage, # quhilk I hoipe in god salbegyne In the begynnyng of the nixt ovik, as vynd and veddyr sall serve. as for nevis, the ks ma=te= past # owr the vattyr to the ladye burlye vpon fryday last eftyr viii # hours at evyn, verray queatt, bot sex horss, and returnis nocht # quhill vednisday nixt. me loyrde huntlye vas heyr, and he, and me loyrde of mar, ar past to the king, and as I belefe cumis bak heyr vyth the k ma=te=; at the leist he and mony of all the nobilite beis heyr the x of may at the conventione, quhilk # vill nocht faill to hald, and I hoip the k ma=te= sall do guid vill # to aggre mony of the vareanzeis amangis the nobilite as he sall think best. ye vill aduerteiss me vpon sounday nixt or # thairby, as your visdome sall think guid; on to the quhilk tyme, and to my farder aduertessmente, I remitt the rest. your sone, god be praysit, Is veill, and verray contentit quhair he Is. I vill # send for hym vpon settyrday nixt, and hald hym vyth me for twa or thre dayss. Sua I committ you to god, and that ye vill commend me hartlie to the layrde of garleiss and all vther freinds as occasione servis. from edy=t= this xxiiij of aprill 1587. - # Be your avyn as knavis god to his end, Barnbarrache. I haife maid my lattyr vill, and left It in my lettere, and sall leif the key thairof vyth M=r= Johne scharpe. To my maist speciall and derrest Ante [\or Ance\] The lady barnbarrache.

And geif my sone barquhoony vill com vit, he salbe als vellcum as I can mak hym, and I sall furneyss hym as I promesit hym at my departyn.

[} [\LETTER FROM LADY BARNBARROCH TO HER HUSBAND, 25TH APRIL 1587.\] }] Maist speciall, efter my maist hartle commendatioun, for sa meikill ye sall vit that the maist speciall causs that I stayit forge sa lang vas for the gettying of euery manis anser about the siluer, and now ye se your self quhat I am indid sertane of bathe affeill and at hame. quhairfoir I vald pray yow, geif ye mycht spair it, that ye vald leif ane hunder pvnde, or twa hundereth merkis, behynd yow in adineburg, how euery man keipis promess; and geif ye may nocht spair it, speik to M=r= Jhone scharpe for it, geif I haif neid and alss I pray yow that ye vill forme your avin acquhyttance that me [{l{] of mvrray suld subscrive, and leif it behynd yow, quhair Thomas may get it at his out cummynge. And farder ye vill nocht feill bot at ye vill get the thre hunder merkis fra malcome flemenge, and the thre hunder merkis fra brochtone, and the thre hunder merkis fra Jammiss m'colloch your self, and leif it in to my avin coffer in edy=r=, and geif the keye to m=r= Jhone scharpe, # or vith his vyf, tyll thomas out cummynge. I pray yow at ye vreit in to me quhow all tyngis is proseidit sene my hame cummminge. I have sende na tynge afeill to yow bot the heid scheit that suld be in the schepe with yow, becauss ye forbaid me your self. I pray yow at ye vill vreit to me hame of all tynge at I haif vretyne to yow on the vther syd. haifand na fardar occatioun to trubill yow at this present, bot I pray god at your vage may be schort and prospours, or ellis at day vill leif yow to cum hame; and god prosper yow in your jurne.

frome barnebarroche, the xxv day of apryll. - Be your assouerit as knowis god to the end, Dame kathren kennedy lady of barenbarocht. To my maist special ame and best belouit the lard of barnebaroche this be delyuerit. [\On the other leaf of the sheet of paper is written: -\] Memorandum - Item In the furst ye sall vit that tennendis of the quhyt hillis is varnit; And ye ar varnit your self alss; # and quhidder ye ar bund to sandie M=c=kee or nocht to obtene ane # tak to him, or to geif to him the four hunder merks in keiss at ye obtene nocht the take, I am nocht sartane; or quhat ye and sandie M=c=kee did conssernyng the take of the quhyt hillis the last tyme at ye var heir in. I assouer yow the master of ovchiltre meniss nocht at euer sandie sall haif ane take of # that land; and geif ye ken that, ye ar bund be vret to sandie # m=c=kee. I feir that he styke to yow be vret, and causs yow to varrand the take to him, And sa I vald that ye vret formallie to me in vreit quhat ordour I sall tak with sandie m=c=kee; quhydder I sall offer to him the four hunder merkis, and ye to furness # four hunder merkis thair out or nocht, for I ken at he heiss gret myster at this present. And fardar ye sall vit that the Lard of large heiss varnit yow and thomas kennady bothe, as ye vill perseif be the varnyngis quhylk ye sall reseif; and I assouer yow that I can nocht heir that day ar myndit for to lat that land byd vith yow and abeit at ye haife vretine hame to thome kennady that ye sall varrand him for his yeir, he heiss nocht a sertantie be quhat vay; quhairfoir I pray you to vreit to me quhat defence I sall vss aganiss thair varnyngis, And, geif thair be na # defencis to be vsit, quhyder he may cut doune the tymmer that he heiss plantit in to it, and to cast doone his huvsis or nocht, becuss he heiss varit his geir vpoune it, for he may take out the best of the temmer and leif the huvsis standane.

And fardar ye sall vit that the man at suld tak the half of the lifke[{r{]eche is cum to me this nycht, and quhat I do vit # him I can vreit na tynge to you quhyll at he be aniss thair, and se the ground. And fardar ye sall vit as consernyinge barglass I cane haif nane to take the kroftis of it bot for vittallis, # bot thame that is in to it that had thair kroftis for vittall # afoir, bot I am laborand to se geif I can get ma. And quhair ye geif to me our tykat that thome kennady suld geif to me tu or thre hunderethe merkis, I assouer yow all that he ma do vilbe bot tua hunder merkis, and that to be gottin fra sandie lyndesay, and thome reid, and seike vther dethovrs as ye haif gavin to me in vret, quha vill nocht pay to him and to me bethe. And ane vther hunder merkis fra gilbert balye, and I assouer you it is all that he may bie abill to do at the day apvntit, and I assouer you he gatt vere evill payment of the folkis that is thairvpe, for it vas meikill to my self to gar the tua # M=c=commiss for to grant to my self xi lis of thre scoir at thai vilbe avin to yow. And to yovnge m=c=karralle I cane fynde na tynge at cane be had of him, and I am assourit that gylbert balye is nocht sa meikill to vyte as ye vyit him. And alss ye sall vit that I haif spokin with villame houstoun, quha assoueris me at he heiss sene out his obligatioun to yow for fyve hunder merkis, and said to me at how soune at I geif to him his avin obligatioun at he suld geif to me the thre hunder merkis quhairfoir ye vill nocht feill bot at ye vill send to me his obligatioun. And alss I haif spoken vith patrike blane of vyge, quha assoueris me at he vill gat to me vithin a xv day thre # hunderethe merkis. And alss Robert lyndesay heiss promesit to me fourtie merkis at the same day. And Villame Dunbar heiss promesit to me his thre hunder merkis. I haif thryss send vord to arsbald mvir, and I haif resauit

na ansuer as yit; And this is all bot xii hunder merkis and fourtie that I cane fynd in this cuntre, and [\if\] I get nocht thome m=c=govinss syluer. And thair is dair out with yow at ye suld get fre makome fleminge thre hunder merkis, and fre brochtone thre hunder merkis, and fre Jamiss m=c=colloche thre hunder merkis, at ye haif gevin to me vpe in covirtt. And ye man tak ordour vith all thir your self, for I culd get nane of thame to speik # vith, for da say at day ar all gene out to edy=r= to your self. I haif my bruderis promiss of thre hunder merkis in keis ve vant. And fardar ye sall vit that I haif resauit arsbald mviris syluer; and is to Jhone m=c=govniss syluer I luik na vayiss for # it, for I beithe vret and sen to him, and I haif resevit na anser. And fardar ye vill nocht feill bot at ye vill geif sum # klaiss to forge, geif ye tak him vith yow, or ellis sen him bake agane to me. And fardar ye sall vit that arsbald kennedy of the # senninness vill nocht put of his rycht.

[} [\LETTER FROM LADY BARNBARROCH TO HER HUSBAND, 9TH MAY 1587.\] }] Jesus. Maist speciall and darrest, efter my maist hartly # commendatiounis, forsamiklle as ye sall wit that I luikit not for James

M'Cullochis departing this tue or thre dayis, at quhait tyme I think I suld haif gottin a twell hundreth merkis, quharof # James him self thre hundreth, to haif send out; quharfor I pray yow faill not to rasaif this thre hundreth your self fra him, and # laif it with the thre hundreth merkis that ye delyverit to Sir Jo=n= Simson his wyif, and that will compleit betuix hir and me aliwin hundreth merkis alrady thare, and the thre hundreth merkis that me Lord of Doune hes ellis, quhilk will compleit fourteine hundreth merkis, ye gettane James M=c=Cullochis # silwir fra him presently; and sua I pray yow that ye send us to laif ane hundreth merkis with it, quhilk will compleit ane thousand libs thare, and god willing I sall ceip your day with me lord # of murray, or thre or four dayis thairefter, quhilk salbe four # dayis before Witsonday, with the uthir thousand lib, quhilk # compleitis the haill soume, viz thre thousand merkis, quharof I am to rasaif of the first silwir bot nyne hundreth merkis # allenarlie, and the rest to be furneist be your factouris. I am informit that me brother Is past to edinburght with greit dilligence, quho promeist to haif lent me thre hundreth merkis, and sue I think he may len yow ane hundreth merkis to mak out the thousand poundis quhare ye ar. and as to Brochtunis thre hundreth merkis, ye sal rasaif his letter, quharin ye will persaif his # anser; and farther I luik not to rasaif ane penny fra him before the missummer fare. I send to the guidwyif of tiroch dow for hir hundreth merkis, quo assuris me scho aucht hir sone # nathing, and sayid scho gef him that hundreth merkis quhilk wes in the first of the thre hundreth that ye haif rasauit all rady; ye # will not faill to send hame ane atturnay to tak sesing for it, for # gif michaell m=c=crecan had ony, quhome fra ye derecktid me to haif gottin the samen, I assure yow It is tint - ye will not faill # to expeid this to the effeck the sesing may be tane before # witsonday, for the witsonday maillis; and farther I pray yow faill not to send me hame your exemptiounis, for there is divers of

the servandis that is persewit before the commisser, and in # your absence may rasaif wrang, quharfor ye will not faill the same for sindre uthir occasiounis that I can not express at this # present. I am not as yit delyverit, bot I will had forge quhill Sonday # or Mounday to se how I sall be, that I may mak yow resolute before your departure omitting all uthir occasiounis thairto, # and comittis yow to god. of barrnbarrach the 9=th= of may 1587. - Youris assurit as knawis god to the end, Dame Kathran Kenedy, lady of barnbarocht. To her maist speciall and darrest ayme the laird of barinbarroch.

[} [\LETTER FROM THE LAIRD OF BARNBARROCH TO HIS WIFE, 15TH JULY 1590.\] }] Maist Speciall, I haife ressauit your lettyr, and haif # consyderit the samin. as for James m'cullochis iiii=c= merkis, I hoip to ressafe siluer for thame schortlie fra Johne ahannay, or fra sorbe. as for gilbert m'keeis suspentione, I am content that he haiss not left the land; alvayss assuritlie I sall seik the # layrde of garthland for the action of contraventione. I wald ye causit the land the officiar pas to the grund of the dyrre, and taik # tre or fovyr vitness vyth hym, and to testefee that gilbert m'keeis geyr Is vpon the grvnd as yit, and alss to fence, and arest, bayth gilbert m'keis cornis, and alss James nivyns vpon the grund of the dyrre, quhill I gett catione to anser me as lav vill. and quhair ye vreit that I vill get xx libs for euery day that his geyr Is vpon the grund, that is not of verete. as for the # layrde of mochrumss entres of It, he hais geiffyn It ovyr to me, and sall taik na entres ovthyr vyth It, or James mvyr. as for the charges of the tennandis, ye sall caus denunce thame # accordeyn to the letteris. as for gavane dunbar, he hais fund the layrde of sorbe catione nocht to Intromett vyth ony devate of altecry vndyr the paine of 1=c= lib. Sande dunbar Is heyr to aggre, or to lefe the land, as I vill command; bot I vill # nathyr to hym, nor to na vther, geife anser to I be at hame. I haife ressauit ane of the vessis that hais your cheyn, quhilk I think verray slycht tikat, for It declaris nocht quhow mykill It lyis # in

vad of, and I haife nocht ane penne of loviss It vyth; for quhen I gett this iiij=c= merkis, man relefe the layrde of # kynhilt dett; and trevlie I pay [{ij{]d euery ovik for the pund for It. as for the provost of lyncluden siluer, I can nocht gett ane penne of It; for he Is in avyn in this toune mayr for fyve thovsand pund, bot I haife the cheyn lyane In vad. I vill pray yow send all the siluer ye can gett or can borrow, ovit vyth the horss, for ye may persaife be my last lettyr quho mykill thair Is ado vyth siluer, and thair Is mayr nor 1=c= lbs geifen, and to be geffyn ovitt, nor I vrat to you last, as ye sall see # the compt of the haill. Jhone man haif ane stand of figurit # taffate, and ane stenneyn cloig, for his vther cloik Is vorne, and he vants sarkis and ruffis. I pray you haist our horsis heyr vyth the siluer eftyr the fayr, and send sande his naig, for trevlie # I think lang to be at hame; and send me voyrde quhat ye vald haife cofte to pate, quhilk sall not be vndone. farder I pray you taik na service nor devate fra the tennandis of # barschangane, nor na vtheriss that ye vald haif remvffit. as for nevis, at this conventione, thayr Is grantit to the k ma=te= ane Impost # vpon all venis that Is to cum In scotland fra this tyme fvyrcht, and that the k ma=te= sall haif of euery tovnne of veyne aucht # pundis acht ss. I think the conventione sall reid the morne, and quhat salbe done farder ye salbe farder aduertest. I think best ye haif my horss heyr in the end of the nixt ovik, as ye sall think guid, vyth all the siluer ye can gett, that all your vads may be lovsit; for I can not gett ane penne fra the provost of lyncluden. this, eftyr hartlie commendatione, I commett you to god. vreittyn In haist this this 15 day of July 1590. - Be youris avyn as knavis god, Barnbarrache. To my dirrest (ainte) [\word doubtful.\] the ladye barnbarrach.

[} [\130. JOHN, TWELFTH EARL OF SUTHERLAND, TO HIS BROTHER, SIR # ROBERT GORDON OF GORDONSTOWN.\] }] [\Holyroodhous, the 23 of February 1615.\] Loueing brother, - I resaved tua lettres of youris laitlie, # one daitted from Newmarket in the end of Januarij, whairby I persaue your cairfulnes to # attend the Erll of Caithnes cuming to court, whairof I fear salbe neid. # Your vther letter I haue resaved from your man, Robin, the aughtent of this # instant. That same day he cam, M=c=Ky, our sistersone, cam to Leith, whair your man # met with ws boith, and your last letter this day is cum in my handis, daitted # from Newmarket the first of this instant, whairof I am most sorie that ye wer # absent from your lady in hir greattest distres; nather will I be glaid wntill I hear # of hir recoverie, which hath moved me to haist this berair with all diligens wnto yow. # Bot we must thank God of all. Ye ar boith young aneuch, so if your selffis # be in health, I hoip in God yow will haue chylden anew; thairfore be of gude # courage, for I knaw your melancolius humoris haue neid to be expelled. Bot I # hoip all sall go weill if yowr selffis be in health. It will be no lytill vantage to our enemie that ye ar absent # at this tyme. I wreit wnto yow the last day with one George Muirhead, # servitour to the ducke; so quhen ye wreit to court caus demand of the ducks # servantis if thai resaved my letter. Ye wreit wnto me in your first # letter sent from Newmarket that it is suspected his Maiestie wald mowe ane # agrement betuix Cathness and ws. I knaw your absens wilbe ane great # hinder to all our affaires. Bot I beseik yow haue ane cair of your avin health, # and think with your selff that God hath cassin yow in thais pairtis not onlie # for your selff, bot also for the weall of our hous, for what moyen wald we haif at # court if ye wer not thair. Alway if the king haid moved of any agrement betuix # Caithness and ws, whatsoever ye haid done sould bene ratified be ws. Now, # brother, I sall mak ansuer to everie head of your letter sent with your man, # Robein. I may not with reasone wrge yow to cum to court againe, bot if it pleas God # your lady recover health and your avin leasour could serue to tak ane start to # Londone, albeit your stay wer bott for tua dayis only to try what Caithness # haue done, for so far as we hear his reward will not be so great as he lipned for, # so I fear, if he can sie no better, he will do what he can to cros ws, and except ye be # besyd the king, it

may be that the same may be granted that the king may be quyit # of his cumber and importunat sutes. I hoip this berair salbe at yow before # the erll returne. Ye ar wyis aneuche, do herein as ye think good. This # visitasione that God heath sent yow, and your retering from court hes giwen ws suche ane # dasche that ar your freindis, that we will daylie languische for word form # yourself and your bedfellow. I will intreat yow (brother) to haist back this berair, for I # am to giwe in my supplicatione in this weik wnto thais of the hie # commissione, and hoipes to gett libertie till go home, wiche if I obtene, the berair mon # cum to Sutherland; bot if I stay heir, I think me not weill wsed, for I daylie # haunt the preachingis, and haue subscryved sindrie articles at the ministeris # desyres. I am content to do all thingis they desyir at home. Bot since Lambes last I am # confyned. My haill affaires at home ar lost. I spend my money heir in # great. I am assured if the king wnderstood how I am wsed by all thais in Scotland, it # wald be hardly thoght of. Now to mak ansuer wnto the first pairt of your # letter desyring me to haue yow excused that ye did not go to court efter the resett # of my letter. Treulie (brother) I will tak your excuis in verie good pairt, # seing I knaw ye ar more troubled in my affaires then in your avin. And whair ye # desyir me not to wreit so mony dyvers motiones wnto yow anent my estate, as our # Scottisch by-word is, necessitie hath no law, for thair wes nane in # Scotland wsed [{as{] I wes; for I wes not ten dayis in Santandrous quhen I wes # charged ather to subscryue and communicat, or ellis to go wnto ye castell of # Edinbruch, so persaving suche rigour I yeilded to go wnto the churche. And # efter, as they saw me yeeld in one poynt, they wold haue me to communicat, so # persaving that I spendit my money in gryit in Santandrous I thocht it fittest # to cum to this toun whair I wald haue acces to my freindis. Bot being cum # heir, and hauing haunted the preachingis daylie as occasione offred, and # haueing lyikwayis subscryved suche articles as wes desyred of me, I now insist to obtene # libertie till go home, an ather I sall satisfie the ministrie at hame, or ellis # I sall abyid the censure of the hie commissione. So now, in one word, all that # I wold haue yow to do is to schaw the kings Maiestie of my dewtifull behaviour # in all thingis the ministrie hath put to my chairge, and wse your moyen, and sie # if ye can obtene the kingis missiue to my Lord Santandrous, that I be not # troubled nor brocht from my affaires so long as I haunt the churche at home; and # that I be not wrged to resaue the communione wntill this deadly fead be # satled betuix Cathnes and me, at wich tyme I sall ather giue the ministrie # satisfactione thairin, or ellis

sall abyid thair censure. I beliue this can not be gudly # refused if ye be earnest with the king in this, seing I haue done beyond all those of # my professione in Scotland. I stik longest wpon this poynt becaus it concernis # me most. Wse diligens heirin, as ye loue the weill of our hous, for ye may # schaw the king of the great workis I haue interprysed laitly before I wer confyned, # quhilk I am assured, if I yet liue to stay at hame, sall be tyme boith profeit the # contrey and myselff. Bot my stay heir since Lambes hath hindred me more # then I will wreit wnto yow. So I will rest in this poynt, remitting this # to your avin wisdome and cairfulnes. As to the assignatione wnto the liveing of Chrichtoun, when # it sall pleas God ye cum in the contrey ordour salbe tane with thais turnes. It # wer also now time ye wer satisfied of that money I am awand yow. Bot God # willing, at your cuming in the contrey, all thais matteris salbe satled. Glaidlie wold # I haue yow to cum in the contrey this nixt summer for monie respectis, and # specially for satling of thir mairches betuix M=c=Ky and me. Yett when I consider what ye # haue till do whair ye ar, as also what extraordinar expensis ye wilbe in your # heircuming, I am leath to wrge yow for this yeir except necessitie compell ws. # I haue continued all my actiones against Cathnes whill the nixt cessione, seing # he hath gottin ane continuatione of all his actiones whill his returne # from court. I am informed boith be Robert Munro of Assint him selff, as also be # Jhone Froster, that himself and his wyiff haue renunced ther haill right of # the landis of Grindes since my cuming from Sutherland. Whair ye desyir me to wreit wnto yow suche occurrentis as # falleth furth be packet quhen as I wreit I knaw ye will not get thame, # ye being in Salisberrie, bot when as ye ar at court ye will resaue # thame. As concerning suche thingis as ye wreit wnto me to send yow anent our # genelogie, ye knaw I can do lytill in that matter, being still heir. I sent all # your informationes to our brother Alexander, and mervellis he hath not send me ansuer # bak again. Ye knaw it wilbe hard to try the particular dayis and yeiris of # suche affaires, and if I wer at home I knaw thair is amangst the wreittis that wer in # Kynnairdis custodie that wald do yow goode. Bot ye must haue pacience # whill my hamegoing, which salbe the first turne I sall do. I am now wpon sick # haist that I can get nothing from Alexander Duff that may be sent wnto yow at # this tyme. Bot all I can get salbe in redines again Robins back cuming, whom I # will lippen for daylie. Now, brother, I am assured ye haue hard of our # extraordainarie knychtis

that wer created efter Christsmes, viz., the Laird of Ratter # and Young Mey; and since they ar the first that wer maid in that contrey to our # knawledge I wald not haue ws inferioures to thame in that; so my avin opinione # is that ye wse your moyen to sie if ye can get Jhone M=c=Ky maid knycht before his # hamecuming. I remitt the particulares anent him to his brother M=c=Kyis avin # letter, not douting bot ye will haue ane cair of him and haist him hame, seing all # his freindis in the north thinkis that he is dead. And whair ye wreit that ye may # not be leasoured to cum north this yeir except we haue sum weightie matter ado, # I salbe leath to wreit for yow, bot if any necessitie intervene ye must yeeld # to cum. Alexander Lintoun hes wreittin to yow the dait of our guidscheris # service. Bot all your freindis heir ar offendit that ye sould haif put your selff # out of possessione of Glenluce wntil ye haid bene mair certane of your satisfaction. # Alway ye ar wyis aneuch, bot the langer ye be continued it wilbe the wors for # yow. So I pray yow tak tyme. And whair ye wreit desyring to knaw anent our salt, # efter as our warkis beis put to sum satling this summer, in the nixt, God willing, # we think to allure sum Inglische men be your advyis to cum to the contrey. Whair ye desyir to knaw of my younest dochteris name, it # wes Marie. My Lady Mar wes hir godmother. Scho died tuentie dayis since. If # any lynning haid bene gettable in this contrey my wyiff haid bene glaid to # haue obeyed your letter. That is not gettable heir, for the linning is # maid in the north, and how sone scho goeth north Robin sall not returne emptie. # Now I haue maid ansuer to all the heads of your letter, except anent my # tobaco I wreit for. Ye sall not fear that ever I mynd to wse the same. I # assuir yow it is to giue away, for good tobaco is in more estimatione heir away # then ane better gift. So, except ye send me of the fynest sort, and of the best that # can be haid, I will haue nane, for I haue promised it to a freind. I doubt not bot # ye haue hard of the Erll off Orknayis executione. It is ane pitie to sie his lady, # wha gettis no thing of that rent, seing it is cum in the kingis handis. So I will # request yow to moue the duck to speik in hir favouris, that scho may haue sum # moyen for hir tyme. As to our Scottische occurrentis they ar few in number and # lytill worth the wreitting. I haue presentlie resaued ane letter from Mr. Jhone Gray, # out of Sutherland, making mentione of the abuses of wicthcraft in that contrey, # quhilk they haue tryed laitlie in Dornach. Thairfoir I beseik yow, # brother, sie if ye can get ane commissione from his Maiestie to put ane nomber of witches # to ane assise.

Ather this iniquitie be tane ordour with, or ellis honest # peopill can not liue in that contrey. I remitt the particularis of thais contreyis # to Mackyis letter. This is all I haue to wreit wnto yow at this tyme, onlie # remember vpon my hard estate for the present and wse your moyen to get ane warrand # from the king to my Lord Santandrous, that I may haue libertie to stay at hame # so long as I hant the churche and satisfies the presbiterie at hame. For if I # haid stayed at hame the church of Dornach haid bene weill repaired or now, and # monie good turnes done that never wilbe done in my absens. The least missiue # from the king wilbe ane sufficient warrand to my Lord Santandrous, for he is so # envyed be thais of his avin professione that he dar not schaw favour as he wald. # Schir James Stewart is till go wp to court in Apryill nixt. I pray yow, if # ye can, fail not to be throughly acquent with him. He is my great freind in all my # affaires. So he will moue my lord chalmerland to be our gude freind. Schir # James is ane wyis man and of ane gude spreit. He will informe yow # sufficientlie of the Erll of Cathnes proceidingis in Orknay. I did wreit wnto yow in summer last how the hous of Cadell, # Maynis, Parke, with tuentie chalderis victuall thairabout is to be # sauld. Treulie, brother, it is ane commodious pairt for yow to duell into. It # hath both libertie of the hillis and sea. Sick occasiones will not be found at # all tymes. So albeit ye wer in debt it is for ane honest caus. Advyis heiron # and think wpon itt, for thair is mony in sute of it, viz., our cheiff, # the tutor of Kyntaill, with dyvers vtheris. I knaw not whair the lyik occasione wilbe # found again. This is all I haue to wreit for the present, onle haue cair to # get me libertie till go hame. Adverteis me what ye wald haue done, and haist the # berair bak with your mynd in all thingis. Luik that ye send me ane fyne spying # glas with my tobaco if ye wald haue onything sent bak. Foryett not my # loueing commendationes to your goodfather and to your bedfellow, for whais health I # long to hear, whom with your self I commit to Godis protectione, and sall # euer rest your loueing brother euer to his pouar, (^Suthirland^) I haue [{given{] the berair tuentie poundis Scottis.

[} [\131. JOHN, TWELFTH EARL OF SUTHERLAND, to SIR ROBERT # GORDON, HIS BROTHER. 22 MAY 1615.\] }] Loueing Brother, - I resaved your letteris from your man, # Robin, the secund day of this instant, daitted from Salisbery the nynt of # Apryill, and am glaid to hear of your avin weilfair, your goodfatheris and your # bedfellowes, which I longed for sence I hard not from yow from the tyme ye # depairted from his Maiestie to visitt your lady. I sie that when ye directed this # berair from yow ye haid no certantie of my homecuming; and now (brother) # since I haue obtened libertie to cum and visitt the contrey, haueing # sett catione wnder paine off fyue thousand merkis ather to subscryue and suear or # ellis to entir in waird again at Mertimes nixt. I wald not haue gottin releif # without I haid sett this catione. Alway the occasione that moved me so # till do wes that I hoiped that ye sould obtene of his Maiestie ane warrand to # the archibischop that I sall stay at home before Mertimes; for quhen I get the # said warrand, I think to enter and to tak instrumentis that my cationaris ar # relived; thairefter I will deall with the bischopes wpon my warrand, if [{I{] gett it. Iff # it haid pleased God the [{that{] the bischop of Santandrows haid lived, I wald not # haue put yow to this panis; bot now ye mon ather deall with the king for my stay at # home, and that so long as I haunt the church and dwelleth in Dornach, or # ellis I wilbe bot ane wraked man; for my last being in the south hath done me great # harme. I wes forced to sell my haill fermes at my being in Edinburgh, to # the number of four scoir chalderis, bot I haue not resaued tuentie chalderis of # the haill. Such ane yeir wes never sein with ws. Mony will parisch in thir # contreys throwgh fami[{n{]e and neuir more ley land for falt of seid. The berair can # sufficientlie instruct yow heirof. This is the onlie sute I haue to crawe for the # present, to sie if ye can get me liue to stay at home, whiche I mon lippen to your avin # moyen and diligens; and if this be not obtened, the nixt cours ye mon deall with # his Maiestie, and lat me haue ane licens to pas aff the contrey. For except this # my doing satisfie his Hienes will, I sall be glaid content to quyit my pairt of # Scotland, induring his Maiesties will. Ane of thir headis ye mon purches wnto me, or # ellis I wilbe forced to entir in ward. If so be, my estate is wndone for # ever. I will not regrait farder thairof at this tyme. Alway ye must ather purches ane # warrand that I stay

at home, or ellis libertie to leaue the contrey, which never # wes refused to any man; bot if I enter in waird again, ye will never sie me # relived again, for they think to excommunicat me, thinking thairby to get my lyifrent. # This is the onlie schott thai haue at me, and not for my religion. I neid not to # lippen for favour as the warld goeth; thairfore haue ye ane cair to saiff me # from entrie to ward, and suche ansuer as ye obtene from his Maiestie I lippen for # adverteisment from yow about the end off September. As to my affaires in law, if I go south in winter, which I # must do, I wald haue yow to obtene ane letter of his Maiestie to the # chanceller, ane vther to the secretar and the third to the advocatt, anent my # infeftment; bot I pray yow deall with my lord chalmerland for ane # particular letter to the secretar in my favouris, and luik that your selff wreit ane # earnest letter wnto him also. I am leath to insist in that actione so long as the # erll is duelling in Edinburgh, for I knaw he hath great moyen in the cessione. And # whair ye wreit that ye ar informed the counsell wes to burdene me with # ane new submissione, I neuer hard such ane matter propened. We salbe war thairof. As concerning Akinheadis turne, I knaw not what to wreit of # it, that is deir aneuch wnto me, and I did mak sindrie advysmentes with my # advocattis anent that actione. Bot I am resolved it will not availl me, yett I # will insist thairin. So the difficultie that is found in this actione is, the gift # of bastardie, quhilk is the ground of our gift of nonentrie, it [{is{] not worth, seing # that bastardie, wes disponed in the quenes minoritie, and wes revoked be act of parliament # in hir maioritie. So ye must be cairfull to find remeid heirof, viz., ye must # obtene of the kingis Maiestie ane gift of the said bastardie, or ellis ane # ratificatione of his Hines motheris deid; but this our nonentrie will availl nothing, so # ye must haue ane cair heirof. Whair ye wreit that ye may not be leasored to cum this yeir # in Scotland, I beliue that weill, seing ye can not await upon the king this # progres and cum to Scotland in one simmer. I knaw (brother) thair ar sindrie that # wilbe desyrous, wissing yow to cum in the contrey rather for their avin # particular and vther menis also, then for your [{and{] my weill. Bot few consideris what # extraordinar expensis ye bestow on such vayages. If I saw any necessitie of your # cuming, I think I haid more for me then any vther to wis yow to cum, bot I will not # counsell yow cum this yeir, first, becaus ye must attend his Maiestie for our # motheris releif and myne; nixt, becaus the merches betuix Macky and me is continwed # whill simmer nixt,

inrespect of this evill and stormie simmer that men may not # stay in the hillis for storme, and lastly, inrespect I knaw your bedfellow will be # leath to want your presens in hir motheris absens, and your goodfather seikly as # he is. But yow must resolue to cum the nixt simmer to sattle all thingis, and # cum in tyme that ye may haue the haill simmer before yowr hand to do your # turnes and ours also. I persaue ye wer adwerteised be sum weill disposed persone # that I wes to pas ane contract queatlie with my Lord Elphinstoun. Thais who haue # so wreittin hath not schawin yow of the trouble and dett I haue contracted # boith for thame and the contrey; bot I beliue they haue not wreittin wnto yow my # estate might be recovered. I wald wis to God I haid never bene more begyled be # my avin contrey people then I think to be with him. Aneuch for this purpois. Whair ye wreit anent Innirboll, that ye will continew the # same in your avin hand whill your avin cuming in the contrey, I mervell quhat # sould moue yow to be so suddenly altered, that wreit wnto me to caus tak ane crop # out of it, and to do with it quhat I pleased; whairwpon I coft baith hors and oxen # of my avin to plenisch the same, and now ye wreit again to behald it whill # ye cum. Alway I am content it ly ley as it hath done this yeir bygane, and # lyis presentlie ley. Bot if ye think it will do yow suche profeit, I lippin ye will # not hinder me, seing I sould yeirlie haue out of that toun better then thrie # hundreth markis, and hes not resaved ane pennie as yit. Bot I fear quhen ye cum to ane # compt with your greiff, ye salbe beyond ane hundreth crownes be yeir out of # purs. So adverteis me of your resolutione heirin with the first commoditie. As to # your memorandum ye haue sent of suche thinges as concernes the contrey, it is # not possable for me to get the same tryit at ane instant; so I think that # will not be weill done whill your avin cumming in the contrey, bot I sall try all that # I can agane the nixt occasione. This is all I haue to wreit for the present; only # intreating yow to be cairfull for your motheris releif and myne. Giff the bischop of Santandrous haid lived I wald haue maid # moyen for my releif, bot now we ar only lipned wnto yow. Macky and I # duelleth this winter in Dornach, if I get liue to stay at home. The haill gentilmen # of the contrey will duell thair also, so be tyme we think to mak the toun better. # I mervell also how ye wer so slouthfull that ye tuik ordour with ane merchant # in Edinburgh called Alexander Telfourd, wha heth your band wpon sex scoir # poundis Scottis, quhilk I am presentlie forced to tak wp and pay annuall # thairfore for releif of your band. I wreit wnto yow before to send me ane spying glas, # quhilk I lippin

ye will send with this berair again that be good. So my # loueing commendationes being remembered to my lord, your goodfather, and to your # bedfellow, whom with your self I committ to Godis eternall protectione, # and ever sall remain, your loueing brother at all pouar, (^J. E. Suthirland.^) Dunrobin, the xxii of Maii 1615. I will intreat yow (brother) to send me ane pair of the # fynest dowle virginallis ye can get for money, seing ye knaw I can not want # the lyik out of my hous in Dornach. I lippin ye will not faill to do this, as # ye wald haue me cairfull to do your turnes heirefter, seing my bearnis ar # learning to play and sing. Luik that ye caus sum skilfull weall thame, and to send thame # in sum suir crear that cumis to Scotland, and caus delyver thame to Alexander # Watsone or Lambes. Alexander Watsone will haue ane crear with salt of # myne in Londoun, so ye may appoynt. To my loueing brother, Sir Robert Gordone, of Kinmonowy, # knycht.

[} [\133. JANE, COUNTESS OF SUTHERLAND, TO SIR ROBERT GORDON, # HER SON. 24TH SEPTEMBER 1616.\] }] Sonne, - Sen George Grayis hame cuming I haue resauit na # aduerteisment frome yov. I think the occatioun is ve resaue not sic lettiris as ye # derec, nathir cumis ouris to your hand, becaus sic as var acustomit to resaue and # taik ourdour vitht our turnis in the souith ar becum our onfreindis. For your # gudsistir hes insencit hir fathir sva aganist your brothir and me that he declaris him # self our onfreind. The parteculeris heirof I remit to your brothiris declaratioun. # I pat your brothir sonne to Mr. Jhone Gray to lerne sum mair vertes nor he culd # sie athir vitht hir or me. I vas aduertesit that scho myndit to haue sent him to # hir fathir, and thair eftir to haue purchast your gud vill. Gif ye be burthenit # thairvitht aduyis quha sall furneis him, for my moyen is not meit for sic # vayagis, and I beleue thay sall be sueir to vair on him thameselvis. Ve heir that our # bischep is to be maid bischep of Abirdin. Gif sva be, ye haue caus to taik attendance # that ane onfreind cum not in this cuntray, for gif thai do it salbe na small hurt # to your brothiris hous. Freindis hes travalit vitht Mr. Jhone Gray quha is varay # sueir to acsep sic offece, albeit it var in his offir, for he thinkis that # vitht suir contience he can not taik that offece, seing that leving is not abill to # plant the kirkis. Thairfor gif his Maiestie vald taik sic ordour vitht Chatnes # that the bischepis landis thair mycht be restorit to the kirk, I think freindis # suld moue Mr. Jhone

to acsep of it, othirvayis gif his Hines vald alov the thovsand # pundis pentioun this bischep of Chatnes hes to the nyxt, and that to be liftid # out of the erlldome of Ross (the silvir to be convertit in vittuell), Mr. Jhone # vald be presit to deill thairfor. Vithtout ane of this tva na honest man vill taik it, # and ane cum thair that sekis it rather for gain nor gud contience. Remembir that # I aduerteis yov that your houss vill repent it for sic resouns as I vill not # vreit. It salbe veill done that ye aduerteis George Gray quhat may be lukit for # heirin for dyuers respectis. I am not veill in helth presentlie, quhilk makis me # that I can not vreit many thingis to yov that I vald. Ane thing I vreit vitht # greif of hart, your sistir sonne M=c=Y, his hame bringing ane sistir of the # erll of Cravfuris to his greit disgrace, lois of the chansler and his alya, and (that # quhilk is varst), hurt of contience. Gif he mycht haue provin any caus of partesing # aganist his vyif (as I am in dout of it), this bestlie cours hes takin that avay, and # I heir hir freindis thinkis to intend partesing aganist him, and sva to caus hir # bruk hir lyuerent. He hes not cum to this cuntray sen his cuming frome Ingland, # nathir resauit your brothir nor I any aduerteisment frome him exsep at his # first landing that he vas cume hame. I pray God send him ane bettir advyisment nor I # heir he is of. I can vreit na farthir for the present, bot luking ye will # adverteis as occatioun offiris, I rest [^SIGNATURE OMITTED^] Dunrobin, the tuantie fourt of September, 1616. To my loving sonne, Sir Robert Gordoun of Kinmonvy, tutour of # Suthirland. [} [\134. JANE, COUNTESS OF SUTHERLAND, TO SIR ROBERT GORDON, # HER SON. 22D NOVEMBER 1616.\] }] Sonne, - The xv of this instant November, I resauit ane # lettir of youris, daitit at Salisberie the xvij of June, quhairin ye desyir mair of the # small lining cleith. Trevlie gif I had gottin aduerteisment in tyme, I vald not haue # slipit sic ane turne, bot this tyme of yeir it is not in my pouer to get it. # Ye vreit that your lettir is derec vytht Adam Sitharris sonne. I marvell quhov he # hes ovirsein himself

sa far that nathir brocht it vytht himself, not [\nor\] # aduertesit that he had left it in Edinburgh. M=c=Yis boy that brocht the lettir hame schev # that he gat it fra Alexander Vatsouns vyif. Aftir Barrisday your brothir schev me # ane lettir of youris schavand that dalie ye expectit sic ane thing. I culd # gif na ansur thairto, becaus I had nathir sein vreit fra yov nor your vyif. Heirfor # blame me not, for I vald bein vara leith to haue dissapontit hir fathir # dochtir (albeit the mater had bein greter), altho scho var not your vyif. I haue sein na # lettir of your hand sen Lambes. I pray as occatioun of berris offiris lat me # knaw of your helth. Be not sa sueir, for ye knav not quhov lang ye vill haue me to # vreit to, and perhapis may viss to haue me quhen ye vill not get me. The cuntray # effaris I leue to your brothiris lettir. I leue to trobill yov forthir, and # restis, your loving mothir, (^Jane C. Suthirland.^) Dunrobin, the xxii of November 1616. Your brothir dochtir Annes hes her servece recommendit to yov. To my loving sonne, tutour of Suthirland.

[} [\135. SIR ALEXANDER GORDON OF NAVIDALE TO SIR ROBERT # GORDON, HIS BROTHER, 22D NOVEMBER 1616.\] }] Richt worschipfull and loweing Brother, - I wryt to yow # dywers tymeis at gryt lenthe anent the cuntrey perticuleris, bot hes resaweit # na ansuer as yit; only ye wryt in your last letter to me, deattit in September # last, that ye receaweit thea lettres, and wald make ansuer thairto with the Erll off # Enzie, quhais cuming we heir not off as yit, quhilk makis me daylie to # exspect your ansuer. I resaweit this last letter off yowris from my Lord Elphinstowne, # withe ane letter of his awin thryss worsss than the former, quhairoff I sent yow # ane coppie. Allwayis I will newer make ansuer to sik daft lettres till his # lordschip and I meitt; at quhilk tyme, quhen he heiris and onderstandis the weritie, I # think his lordschipis sellff will say he hes not done weill. He wrytis to me that ye # hawe wryttin to him, that it is altogidder by your directioun that I # hawe done any thing to my lady anent hir teindis and wicaradgeis. Giwe sa be, ye # hawe done your sellff and me bathe wrang, seing I will qualifie bathe be wryt # and witnes sik directions as ye gawe me. My lady and I ar onder guid termis at # this tyme, and hir ladyschip schaweis ane letter of youris direct out off # Edinburgh, quhair

ye wryt that hir father and ye ar agreit in termeis and schoo # suld hawe hir awin teindis this yeir, and ye to get the fisching off Brora this # yeir, quhilk we gat sa far as was to, and the kaner dettour for the rest, and that na # alteratioun suld be maid on hir ladyschipis this yeir. In this ye hawe owersein # your sellff far, and maid hir ladyship to hawe the radge schoo haid againis me. For # giwe thair war no alteratioun, to quhat effect war inhibitions serwit; for sa # far as schoo haid your former letter for hir warrand ye wald newer get spuilzie, # quhilk hes moweit hir father and hir to be in sik radge against me. Allwayis I think # ye suld do weill to wryt to my Lord Elphinstowne heiranent to susspend his # lordschipis judgement heirin till we all meitt, at quhilk tyme all materis salbe # tryit and sattlit to his lordschipis contentment, for I am leithe we suld be hard at # this tyme, seing we hawe grytter turnis ado. Wtherwayis I wald not suffer his # lettres onansuerit; bot seing we ar liklie to be trublit be Duffus, we will do # weill to rin ane cowrss for the Erll of Sutherlandis weill. The actioun anent the discussing of the richtis of the # chantorie is in doing now, and I hawe wryttin to Allexander Lintoun to be cairfull to # sie giwe he mey get it continowit (giwe thair be ony danger thairin) to # your awin hame cuming; and ye sall do weill to wryt to my Lord # Elphinstowne to be cairfull that the Laird Duffus get na advantage against the # Erll off Suthirland, for it is schame he suld be outschot be his awin wassall. I # serwit inhibitiouns and arrestment against thea teindis off Pronsseis, # bot befoir they war schorne the Laird Duffus purchassit lettres to lowsss the # arrestment, sa that in tua dayis they leid all thair beir to thair cornyardis, quhilk # I thocht werie hard, and ane gryt lichtlie, nocht onlie to the Erll off Suthirland # (quha is bot ane barne) bot lykwayis to ws, quha hes ane cair off his adois for # the tyme; for the leiding off thair cornis was war than the taking off the richt # of the teindis. For pretending ane richt and putting thame sellffis in possessioun # by leiding thair corns, they left nothing to the Erll off Suthirland bot ane # actioun, quhilk I thocht hard. Sa I conweinit the gentillmen off the cuntrey # befoir M=c=Ky (quha was heir for the tyme), and schew thame the esteit off the # mater, and that I haid resolwit to cast thae teindis; for I thocht it was # fitter that the Erll off Suthirlandis wassall suld suit his supperiour than his # superiour to suitt him, quhilk M=c=Ky and sindrie wtheris thocht fit, yit thair was sum # that grudgeit at it, as kythit in end. Allwayis I directit William Innes and # Robert Aikin and Robert Bailzie withe my ladyis tennentis off the parischin off # Culmalie to

the turn; and befoir my cuming out of Dornoch I spake # Gollspitour to forder that caus with men and horsss, quhilk he promist me to do. Bot # efter my cuming out off the towne, quhen William Innes socht helpe, # he absolutly refuissit, alledgeing he was onder lawborrowis to the Laird # Duffus. Sa that efter they enterit to cast the teinds they culd get # nather horss to leid nor handis to helpe, quhilk moweit me to burding our haill # name with horss and men; bot I was haillily refuissit be thame all in ane # woce, except the guidman off Bakeis, quha send his sone Allexander with # sewintein or auchtein horss. As to the rest, they seimit mair to grudge at # the turn doing than wtherwayis. In end I was forcit to imploy my lady, my # guidsister, for support of horsss, quha willingly send all hir ladyschipis tennentis # horsss for tua dayis thair, sa that the haill burding lichtit wpoun the puir # tennentis off the paroschin off Culmalie and Costsyid. I pray God the Erll off Suthirlandis # guid turn be never lippinit to manie in this cuntrey, for I think giwe they # sawe his bake at the wall in ane gryt mater they wald stres thame sellffis littill # to releiff him quhen they maid scruppill in sik ane triffill. Bot to return to the purpois; the teindis war all castin and # led to Achindean quhilk Duffus thinkis the gryttest oppressioun that ewer was # done to anie. He is riddin sowthe to complein to the Cunsall and to rais lettres # to charge me and the haill puir men that war at the leiding to compeir befoir # the Cunsall; for he will newer get spuilzie off it, seing his freindis and # tennentis hes intromettit withe thair awin cornis again, quhilk cuttis away the spuilzie, # quhairwpoun instrument is tain. Sa I think giwe this turne be weill meinit # to the Cunsall, it will be thocht littill wrang. Bot my opinioun to yow is to # wryt ernestlie to the chansler anent this turn, meining bathe quhow the Erll # off Suthirlandis richt was taikin ower his head, and quhow they preassit to # disposses him in his minoritie, and that ye direct this letter to Allexander Lintoun # to be giwein my Lord Elphinstoun, giwe neid beis thairoff, and that ye wryt # ernestly to my Lord Elphinstoun to be cairfull that Duffus get na advantadge # in that turn, seing it is the Erll of Suthirlandis turn, and he can suit na man for # the samen except the chalmerlane and puir tennents quhais deidis ye man defend. # Allwayis in your letter to the chansler ye sall wryt in my fawouris and # take the burding wpoun yow, quhilk will putt off the mater to your cuming, at # quhilk tyme I think maters will take wpe or at leist be warss for Duffus. I # can wryt no moir to yow off this purpois bot refer it to your awin judgement.

We heir off his Maiesteis cuming to Scotland in Merche, # quhilk I pray God it mey prowe trew, at quhilk tyme I think ye sall cum to # Scotland. I assuir yow your adois heir requiris your cuming in tyme. Allwayis I lippin # ye will adverteis me withe the first occasioun, perticulerly off all thingis, and # in speciall off your dyet, for I hoipe to meit yow in Edinburgh; and giwe ye cum # with his Maiestie your ludgeing vald be tain in tyme, for all the best ludgeingis # in the toun ar taikin alreaddy. As to cuntrey newis heir we hawe nane, bot thair is # ane wniwersall fiwer in thir partis quhairon gryt deathe followis. We hawe # loissit tua guid fellowis in that siknes, Allexander M=c=William M=c=Ain # M=c=Kenniche and Iwer M=c=Conchie, quhairoff I am sorie, yit the will of God man be # done. I am persuadit dywers will suitt delay at yow, bot I request # yow promeis it to nane till ye and I meit; for I will get yow als thankfull # peyment and serwice for it as any man. I feir we will get na mair than fywe lib~s. for the # boll off our wictuall this yeir, for it is werie guid schaipe. We can get na monie # for the strenthe off Dunrobin and Innerbo, sa we will be forcit to lat the # possessouris keipe thame this yeir. Thair is na monie gettabill in this cuntrey. I # nather hawe gottin your silver from Balnagowin or Jhone Murray, sa adverteis me # quhat to do. M=c=Ky hes gottin nane except thrie hundrethe lib~s., quhilk I # cawsit William Innes giwe him. I dowt not bot ye have hard or now quhow M=c=Ky tuik away # withe him ane sister off the Erll of Crawffordis. I am sorie he suld hawe # lost sa guid ane fame as he haid for sa wyld ane caus. Adverteis me quhow he # is thocht off thair for it, or giwe his Maiestie hes hard off it. He thinkis # to put hir away schortly. Scho is gryt with chyld and remainis as yit in the # Iyll off Lochtyoll. He repairis nawayis to his maried wyffe, nor thinkis not to do. # My Lord off Kintaill and his freindis thinkis hard off the miswsage of his # sister. M=c=Ky thinkis to get deworsment, and they think to pey him withe # recompensatioun. They ar onder trysting efter Andersmes. I tuik occasioun to burding my freindis and gentillmen off # the cuntrey with sum helpe be reassone off the dett I hawe contractit by # biging off the howsss I bigit; bot I hawe gottin ane (\nolumus\) . Bot I am # glaid of the excuis they pretend, alledgeing that ye ar to sik ane support off # thame at your hame cuming. Thairfoir I pray yow lat thame nocht be desaweit in # thair opinions, and sie that ye and I bathe be not disapointit; for in consciens it # is weill gottin, and can be tain off manie of thame, and ye mey weill get it for # your awe; ye will

get littill for your lowe. Bot I pray God ye or I ather be # littill in thair rewerens. I wische George Gray haid ane guid turn ado quhairin I mey # pleasour him; for in my consciens I can newer find ane faill in him in any thing # he is imployit apperteining any offris or our housss. Thair is ane John Crawfford in Inuerness takeing ordour with # the adultereris, and hes summond dywers off this cuntrey men thair to the xxvij # off this monethe; quhair thair is gryt missing off yow, for I think giwe ye war # heir ye wald nocht be out of guid companie. I lippin daylie for ane ansuer # off my lettres from yow, and in speciall quhat ye will hawe tain from the puir # tennentis for thair bow, for giwe ye suit xij merkis for your bow the land will go # ley; sa, as I wryt befoir, my opinion is to take ather ten merkis or fywe firlatis # as mey be gottin, quhilk I will caus take to compt and rekining. I hawe na forder # to new occasioun, bot my humbll dewtie remembred to my lord, your guidfather, and # his lady, with my serwice to your awin lady, I rest and sall still remain, # youris loweing brother to be commandit to death, (^A. Gordoune.^) Dunrobin, the xxij of November 1616. I spake my lady, our mother, anent the lining ye wryt for, # and hir ladyschip hes wryttin hir auin ansuer, quhilk ye sall resawe heirwithe. # Faill not to get ane gift off nonentrie off my lordis landis sens our brotheris # disceas till efter this Mertimes, wtherwayis it will cost yow deir, as I wryt to yow in # my former lettres.

[} [\137. JANE, COUNTESS OF SUTHERLAND, TO SIR ROBERT GORDON, # HER SON. 16TH MAY 1617.\] }] Sonne, havand the comodatie be this berer I haue vretin this # lettir, albeit this lang tyme past I haue hard na vord fra yov. I mynd not to # trobill yov vith the cuntra affaris, for I supec ye sall find facherie at lenth # quhen God sends yov veill hame. Sumthing of your avin parteculer I think gud to lat yov # knav. Young Golspetour hes recallit the gift vas maid to yov of Golspetour, # and maid intimatioun thairof at the kirk of Dornoch the xx day of Apryll. Gif ye # think ye ar damnefeit thairbe, it is thocht that ye may mend yourself gif # ye taik tyme. Ve ar informit that at the last parlement thair vas ane act maid # that quha revischid ane damisell vithout hir parentis consent (albeit scho vald say # it var vith hir avin vill), it suld be trasone. I knav not gif this act vill # stik on the complesis of the prencipall actour: bot it is of trouth that the third of # Fabruer last young Golspetour, acompaneit vith Villyam Our in Inverbo, Adam # Pypirsonne in Crakok, Alester, George Govis sonne in Golspemoir, Gilbert, # Alester Pyperis sonne, Alester Gordoun, Donald M=c=Kynich M=c=Onill M=c=Thomas, # greif to the said Jhone, the vthir tva his servandis, vith dyvers othiris, # inspetiell Jhone Bovy, sonne to Alester Pyper, thay come to Culmaliemoir about x # houris at evin to Alester Chesomis houss and forsabillie tuik avay his doctir, # Janet, had hir to Golspetour, quhair scho vas keipit tva nichtis and revischit be # Jhone Bovy, Alester Pyperis sonne. Your brothir vas in the souith. I vas not knavin # nor obeyit ontill my Lord of Chatnes come to Skelbo, at quhat tyme I # thretned gif thai vald not put the damisell to libertie I suld taik him be the hand to # reveing it. Then vas scho brocht to me, quhen scho declarit that quhat vas done # vas aganist her vill; and to gif pruif thairof scho remanis sensyne vith hir # fathir and mothir, and vill nevir heir to marie that man albeit thair hes bein fair # offiris maid to hir. Gif ye think this actioune may mend yov, deill in tyme vith # the tresurer, and be suir, for it is ferit, and he menis to deill for it. Ye may # knav varay veill quhais opinnioun ye seik heirin. Your gudsistir is altogethir # gydid be his fathir, and that at hir fathiris desyir. Scho hes set the half of # Badinloch to young Golspetour, and four penne land in Lochbeg to his brothir Huchune. The act # of parlement I vreit of thay say vas maid for the dochtir of Villyem # Tr[{u{]mbill in Edinburgh, that vas takin avay be ane Moscrop, and eftirvart mareit to the # last presidend, Maistir Jhon Prestoune, his sonne. As to othir # cuntra affaris, it is

not neidfull to trobill yov vith thame at this tyme. Nathir # vald I haue vith this gif I had not thocht it for your veill. Taik quhat cours # ye pleis heirin; bot I sie na cours takin heir be thir men bot that quhilk is # lytill for the Erll of Suthirlandis profeit or youris. My guddochtir is # dissapontit of cleis scho promesit to hir sonne, thairfor my barne vantis, and I # haue na radie silvir; thairfor I vill desyir yov to caus bring hame ane stand # of haliedayis cleis to him vith the furnising, cloik, dovbillet, coit, # brekis, and schankis. Al my avin partecularis I remit to meting. Ane thing I may not omit # quhilk is ve heir his Maiestie is to reduce all fev landis to the kirk. Quhen my # lord, your fathir, sauld the fev landis of Chatnes it vas in maner of excambioun, # and the landis of Stravlze giffin in varandice. Thairfor ye man taik cair quhov # the barne may be savid fra the varrandice. It vilbe ane comond cavs, thairfor # vill get many to aduyse vith. At your brothiris suithcuming I sall wreit mair # parteculerlie heirin; to quhilk tyme or farthir occatitioun I rest. - Your loving # mothir, (^Jane C. Suthirland.^) Dunrobin, the xvj of May 1617. To the richt worschipfull and lowing maister, Schir Robert # Gordoun of Kynmonwe, knycht, tutour of Suthirland.

[} [\147. JANE, COUNTESS OF SUTHERLAND, TO SIR ROBERT GORDON, # HER SON. 25TH MAY 1623.\] }] Loving sonne, your brothir hes schavin me that ye ar myndit # to cum to this countray, quhairof I am maist glaid. Quhen ye cum I pray yov to # bring Any vith yov. Elspet Lesle vilbe in Straboge at your returing, # quhome I haue villit to stay ontill ye cum. Horss meit is varay schars in thir # partis; thairfor ye sall do veil to cum from Mvrray be sie, and bring Any vith yov, # quhilk vilbe maist esy and last chargabill. I haue vretin dyvers tymis to hir # gudbrothir for hir, bot he vald nevir grant to lat hir cum to your hame cuming. Nov # he hes na excuis. Gif he vill lat his eldest sonne cum vith hir I vald be # glaid of it, that I micht schav sum thankfulnes to him. He nedis not feir materis # of religioun, quhairof he hes evir maid his excuis to me, for the barne is # not capabill of that, and quhen he is, he salbe at his avin command as resone vald. I # vill not trobill yov farthir at this [{tyme{] seing ye [{haue{] so mone afaris # to trobill yov; bot vissis to God that I may sie yov in gud helth, and restis, your # loving mothir, (^Jane C. Suthirland.^) Dounrobin, the 25 of May 1623. Quhen ye cum to Frendrach send to Robert Rindis and he vill # [{let{] Elspet Lesle speik vith yov. To my loving sonne, Sir Robert Gordoun of Kinmonvy. [^FRASER, SIR WILLIAM. THE MELVILLES EARLS OF MELVILLE, AND THE LESLIES EARLS OF LEVEN. 3 VOLS. CORRESPONDENCE (VOL. II) EDITED BY THE AUTHOR. EDINBURGH 1890. FRASER, SIR WILLIAM. THE CHIEFS OF GRANT. 3 VOLS. CORRESPONDENCE (VOL. II) EDITED BY THE AUTHOR. EDINBURGH 1883. FRASER, SIR WILLIAM. MEMORIALS OF THE FAMILY OF WEMYSS OF WEMYSS. 3 VOLS. CORRESPONDENCE (VOL. III) EDITED BY THE AUTHOR. EDINBURGH 1888. FRASER, SIR WILLIAM. MEMORIALS OF THE EARLS OF HADDINGTON. 2 VOLS. CORRESPONDENCE (VOL. II) EDITED BY THE AUTHOR. EDINBURGH 1889. FRASER, SIR WILLIAM. THE SUTHERLAND BOOK. VOL. II. (CORRESPONDENCE). SAMPLE 1: (MELVILLE AND LESLIE) PP. 11.1-12.6 (JAMES VI) SAMPLE 2: (GRANT) PP. 3.28-6.31 (JAMES VI) SAMPLE 3: (WEMYSS) PP. 25.4-36.27 (JAMES VI) PP. 41.17-42.20 (JAMES VI) PP. 44.1-44.19 (JAMES VI) SAMPLE 4: (MELVILLE AND LESLIE) PP. 75.1-77.7 (ALEXANDER DUNFERMLINE) PP. 77.23-78.18 (ALEXANDER LESLIE) PP. 80.28-83.21 (ALEXANDER LESLIE) SAMPLE 5: (HADDINGTON) PP. 120.29-121.37 (ALEXANDER DUNFERMLINE) PP. 162.19-168.32 (THOMAS HADDINGTON) PP. 168.9-168.32 (JAMES LAW) SAMPLE 6: (SUTHERLAND) PP. 38.2-38.24 (JAMES HAMILTON)^]

[} [\13. KING JAMES THE SIXTH TO SIR ROBERT MELVILLE, CIRCA 1587.\] }] (\Rex.\) Sir Robert Melving, ye sall resaue into your companie Robert # Waldegraue, oure prentar, and deale with our direst sister, the quene, for # his pardoun, according to our mony requistis interponit heirtofor in his fauour, that # he may thairbe in surtie provyd him of sic materialis as ar necessarrie for # our seruice, and also travell in his vthir lesum efferis in that his native cuntrey # without ony maner of trubill or interuptioun, as we haif mair speciallie gevin yow # in directioun. James R. [} [\14. KING JAMES THE SIXTH TO JOHN, LORD, AFTERWARDS FIRST # MARQUIS OF HAMILTON. LINLITHGOW, 30TH SEPTEMBER 1591.\] }] Richt traist cousing and counsallour, we grete yow hairtlie # wele. The Lord Ros being of a lang tyme bigane lauchfullie denunceit rebell, and # putt to oure horne at the instance of Alis alias Alesoun Ros, now spous to Schir # Johnne Meluill of Carnebie, knicht, and thairvpoun oure vtheris lettres of # tressoun being direct and execute aganis him for randering of his castellis and # fortaliceis of Halkeit [^BLANCO^] [^BLANCO^] to the officer executour of the same lettres, he # nocht onlie still continewis in his rebellioun be his wilfull remaning at oure horne vnrelaxt, # bot to our forder contempt and dishonnour, he still keipis and detenis his said # houssis, fortifeing the same with men and victuallis, of intentioun, as appeiris be his # procedingis, to keip the same as houssis of weir aganis ws and our authoritie, # declairing him selff heirby a mockar of iustice, and a proude contempnair and # disdaneair of ws and oure authoritie; quhairfoir we haue deliberat to see this his # rebellioun pvnist, and himself reduceit to his debtfull obedience, and for this effect # haue exped ane commissioun to yow for persute, taking, and assegeing of his said houssis, # and recouering of the same furth of his handis, quhilk commissioun we desire # yow effectuuslie to accept vpoun yow, and effectuallie to execute the same in # all pointis, conforme to the tennour thairof, with sic expeditioun as possiblie may # be; quhairby as ye sall testifie vnto ws your gude affectioun and fordwartnes to # the repressing of

sic oppin and avowit rebellioun, sa sall ye do ws acceptable # plesour and gude seruice, meriting oure speciall thankis. Thus luikeing for the # constant and effectuall executioun of our said commissioun without shiftis or delay, we # committ yow to God. Frome Linlithquhow, the last day of September 1591. James R. To our richt traist cuising and counsallour, the Lord # Hammiltoun.

[} [\4. KING JAMES THE SIXTH TO THE LAIRD OF GRANT, 10TH NOVEMBER 1592.\] }] Richt traist freinde, we greit zow hairtlie weill. The # crueltyis and disordouris laitlie committit be the lawles brokin Hielandmen, of quhom the Erlis # of Huntly and Atholl hes

takin mantenance, hes sa brokin the cuntre, that grit numeris # of honest and trew men ar in poynt of present wrak; and baith thay noblemen likly to perrell # thameselffis and thair houssis, gif the gretar diligence be not vsed to stay thair intendit # revengis: And in cais persuasioun can not presently move, thair being sic daunger in delay, we # haue directit our richt traist cousigne and counsallour, the Erle of Angus, with commissioun # and instructionis, to haue all thingis assuirit to ane day, or, incais of refuis be ather of # thame, to ioyne with the pairty maist reassounable and obedient, and hes directit # proclamationis for convening of our obedient subiectis to that effect; desiring zow effectuuslie that ze # faill not to addres zow to our said cousing, the Erle off Angus, and assist him baith with zour # counsale and haill force that ze may mak, quhill this mater in hand may be setled according to # our mynd and directioun gevin him, quhome ze sall fermly credite: And sa lippning to # zour effectuall dealing in this behalff, as ze luif quyetnes and abhorris cruelnes, and will do # ws acceptable seruice, we committ zow in the protectioun of God. At Haliruidhous, the # tent of Nouember 1592. James R. To our richt traist freind the Lard of Grant. [} [\5. KING JAMES THE SIXTH DISCHARGING JOHN GRANT OF FREUCHIE # FROM BEING PUT TO THE HORN AS CAUTIONER FOR THE EARL OF HUNTLY. 13TH MARCH 1592.\] }] (\Rex.\) Officiaris of armes quhatsumeuir, ze sall decist fra putting # to the horne of John Grant of Freuchie as ane of the cautioneris for George Erle of Huntlie, # quhill ze ressaue farder directioun in the contrair. Subscriuit with our hand at Abirdene, the # xiij of Merche 1592. James R. S. Robert Meluill [} [\6. KING JAMES THE SIXTH TO SIR WALTER OGILVIE OF FINDLATER # AND JOHN GRANT OF BALLACHASTELL, 3D JULY 1607.\] }] James R. Trustie and weilbeloved, we greit yow weill. Whereas the # Synode of Murray is appointed to be haldin and keepit vpon the fourt daye of Auguste # nixtocum, we have made choise of

yow to be our commissioners for that synode. And therefore # these are to requyre yow to attend that meeting, in the ordinarye place thereof; and at # the first conveyning of the bretheren, that yee present vnto them the act of the Assembly # held at Lynlythgow, touching the election of constant moderatours in presbyteries and # synods, and that yee vrge them according to the said ordinance to admitt Alexander Bishop of # Murray for there moderatour in the same synode. And if they refuse there obedience to the # said act, or the Bishop being admitted, if he refuse to accept the charge and exerce the # same, that yee cause charge the refusers by vertue of our letters, which ye sall herewith # ressaive. And in cace of there disobedience, cause denounce them rebbells, and the synod to be # dissolved. If ye ressaive obedience, yee sall declare vnto the synod our earnest desyre # of the peace of the church, our former travells takin for extinguishing the fyer of division # which is kindled amongst the ministers of the same, the small effect that our paynes have # taken, partly by the immodest behaviour of those particuler ministers whome we called to a # conference in our owne presence in the moneth of September last, and partly by the vnquyett and # turbulent dealing of others there favourers, who have opposed themselves to the conclusions # taken in the Generall Assembly held at Linlythgow in the moneth of December thereafter, which # were agreed vpon with a greate consent, both of noblemen, barrons, and others of the # ministrye. And how that now at last we have advised vpon a colloque of the ministrie, to # meete at Hallyroode House, the 27 of August nixt, with the bishopes, the commissioners of the # Generall Assemblye, and others, whome we have appointed to preside for vs in that meeting for # removing of the presente evills, and preparing a peaceable meeting in the Generall # Assembly, which we intend shal be held at Dundee, the 24th of November nixt; which ministers # we have willed to be chosen by the synode of every province, two at the most, of the # godliest, wisest, and best disposed of there number, which shal be sent with power and commission # to conveyne, consult and conclude vpon the fittest meanes to settle peace and # quyetnes in the church, and prepare a peaceable Generall Assembly as said is, by which meanes we # are in hope that some good shalbe done and effected in the church. But if it faile # in the default and vnwillingnes of the synods, or in the obstinacye of anie of them, which shal # be directed to that errand, we are fully resolved to putt to our owne hande to that worke, # and with the advice of our nobillitie and other our Estates, to redresse by authoritie # that which, by other meanes vsed with themselves, we could not have amended. And for this # effect cheifly, we have commaunded the synods of all provinces to conveyne at this # tyme. Nixt yee sall requyre the moderatour and brethren of the # synod to examyne the dilligence of the moderatours in persueing of Papistis within there # boundis, according to the conclusion taken at Lynlythgow, and that they tak order with # such as they shall finde to have bene remisse in that busines. And bicause the fifth of August is appointed to be kept with # a solemne thankisgeving to God for our deliverie from the treasonable conspiracie at # Perth, which deliverance should

be by them of all other subiectis most regarded, yee sall have # regarde and care that the same be solemnely kept and celebrate in the same synod by the # ministers that sall be there conveyned. And that yee cause election to be made of two of the most # godlye, wise, and peaceably disposed in the synode, to kepe the appointed meeting # at Hallyroodhouse, the 27 daye of August nixt. And so remitting all these particulers # to your grave deliverie and wise behaviour in that synod, we committ yow to God. At # Greynewich, the thrid of Julii 1607. To our trusty and welbeloued Sir Walter Ogiluie of # Findelater, knight, and to John Graunte of Ballachastell. [} [\7. KING JAMES THE SIXTH TO THE LAIRD OF GRANT, 11TH MARCH 1613.\] }] James R. Richt trustie and weilbelouit we greit you hairtlie weill. # Yow ar nocht ignorant of the great cair we haue had to settle the Hieland pairtis of that # our kingdome in quietnes, and to roote out of the same all suche evill disposit personis of the # Clan Gregour and otheris brokin men, inhabiting thairin, as hithertillis haue leived by # murthour, rapine, and thift, so as our peaceable and good subiectis micht leive vnopprest, being euir # perswadit that no weil desposit subiect wold so far cast of all fear of God and # dewitie to ws, his souerane, as to give any confort to these lymmers. Yet, whenas our cair and good # meaning haue produceit so good effectes, as of all that most barbarous race of the Clan # Gregour none remaneth outlawis saulffing Allester M=c=Allester Vreik and Duncane # M=c=V=c=Eandowy and thair followeris, we ar informed that the onlie confort and ressett that they haue is # in your countrie amongis your freinds, tennentis and dependaris; and altho the Lord of Scone, # at his late being at our court, wold haue perswadit ws that yow nather do allow nor is preuie # to this fauour schewin to these rebellis, yet we will rest in suspens till suche tyme as, # by your future actionis, yow give proofe of your bigane cariage in this errand. The Lord of # Scone haith promist vnto ws that yow shall do seruice aganis these lymmers, betuix whome # and the Erll of Ergile, our lieutenent, certane conditionis ar agreit vpoun concerning yow, # whiche we wil haue a cair to see performit, according as your future seruice shall merite. # And so we bid yow hairtlie fairweell. Frome our court at Thetfoord, the xj day of Marche # 1613. To our right trustie and weilbelouit the Laird of Grant.

[} [\33. KING JAMES THE SIXTH TO DAVID WEMYSS OF WEMYSS. 18TH MAY 1587.\] }] Rycht traist freind, we greit yow weill. The lang trouble # and vnquietnes of the thevis and brokin men inhabiting oure bordouris hes moved ws to repair thair in propir persoun, and to gett in plegeis # for the maist disordourit sorte to be kepit in the incuntrey amangis the # noblemen, barronis, and vthiris of best habilitie, seing our awne houssis # ar not hable to keip sic a multitude as necessarlie for this gude # occasioun mon be detenit; quhairfoir we require and command yow that ye # ressaue in your custodie and keping Johnne Grahame of Stobohill, quhome presentlie we direct vnto yow, and retene him in your custodie # and cumpany, vnletting him pas hame vpoun band, obligatioun, or ony maner of conditioun, quhill he be lauchfullie fred and relevit; # alwayes ye neid not to keip him strait, becaus souirtie is found that # he sall not eschaip. Swa we commit yow to God. Frome Halirudhous, the xviii day of Maii 1587. James R. To our richt traist freind the Lard of Westir Wemys. [} [\34. KING JAMES THE SIXTH TO THE SAME. 24TH NOVEMBER 1587.\] }] [^TO DAVID WEMYSS OF WEMYSS^] Richt traist freind, we greit yow weill. Off the plegis # quhilkis we haif takin in for the gud rule of the brokin men inhabiting the # cuntreis ewest our bordouris, we haif direct the beirare heirof, # Archibald

Armstrang, sone to the Lardis Johnne, plege for the Armstrang # of Mangertoun and Quhithauch, to remane in your custodie and # cumpany quhill he be releuit; and thairfoir we require yow # effectuuslie, and commandis yow to ressaue him, and on na wayis to lett him pas # hame vpoun promeis, band, obligatioun, or ony vther conditioun # without our speciall warrand in write; alwayes it sall not neid that ye # keip him in strait waird, becaus souirtie is ressauit of him be our # command that he sall not eschaip or eschew, bot keip trew waird. Thus # we commit yow to God. At Dalkeith, the xxiiii day of Nouember # 1587. James R. To our richt traist freind the Lard of Wester Wemys. [} [\35. KING JAMES THE SIXTH TO THE SAME. 2D MARCH 1587.\] }] [^TO DAVID WEMYSS OF WEMYSS^] Traist freind, we greit yow weill. Arche Armistrang, sone # to the Lairdis Johnne, presentlie remaning with yow, being enterit # plege for himself and certane vtheris of his branche, is appointit to be # interchangeit with the berare heirof, namyt Johnne Armistrang, sone to the Lard of Quhithauch, quhome we haue presentlie directit vnto yow, desyring yow effectuuslie to ressaue him in your hous and # cumpany, causing him be ansuerit of meit, drink, and bedding, and # suffering him na wayis to pas hame vpoun band, obligatioun, or ony vther # maner of conditioun, quhill he be fred be ws; and he being enterit, that # ye thaireftir put the said Arche Armistrang to libertie, and # suffer him to pas hame at his pleasour. Thus for the present we commit yow # to God. Frome Haliruidhous, the secund day of Marche 1587. James R. To our traist freind the Lard of Westir Wemys.

[} [\36. KING JAMES THE SIXTH TO THE SAME. 15TH AUGUST 1588.\] }] [^TO DAVID WEMYSS OF WEMYSS^] Traist freind, we greit you wele. Althocht it be prouidit # be Act of Parliament that na salmond fischis be slayne in the watter of # Leavin, betuix the first and latter Martimes, yit, vpoun certaine gude # considerationis moving ws, we haue grantit libertie to our trusty and # weilbelouit seruitour, Andro Wod of Largo, to caus fische the watter mouth # of Leavin, and to sla salmound and vther fischis within his awin # boundis thairof, in the said prohibit tyme, at his pleasour. It is # thairfoir our will, and we effectuuslie requeist and desyre you that ye, as # watter baillie within the said boundis, be your selff, your deputis # and officiaris, desist and ceis fra all stop, truble, or impediment making to # our said seruitour, or his seruandis and fischaris in his name, in # fischeing of the said watter mouth of Leavin, in the foirsaid forbiddin tyme, # nochtwithstanding of any act or consuetude in the contrarie, as ye will do ws acceptable pleasour and seruice, and vtherwayis ansuer to ws # vpoun your obedience. Sa we commit you to God. Frome Edinburgh, the xv day of August 1588. James R. To our traist freind the Lard of Westir Wemys. [} [\37. KING JAMES THE SIXTH TO THE SAME. 23D JANUARY 1588.\] }] [^TO DAVID WEMYSS OF WEMYSS^] Traist freind, we grete yow weill. It is our will, and we # command yow that ye retene and kepe the plege quhilk we committit to # your custodie in sure firmance and captiuitie, vnlatting him to # libertie vpoun band, obligatioun, or ony vther maner of conditioun # without our speciall command thairto in write subscryuit be ws and our

Chancellair. Thus we committ yow to God. Frome Haliruidhous, # the xxiii day of Januare 1588. James R. To our traist freind the Lard of Westir Wemys. [} [\38. KING JAMES THE SIXTH TO THE SAME. 1ST APRIL 1589.\] }] [^TO DAVID WEMYSS OF WEMYSS^] Traist freind, we greit yow hartlie weill. Mynding to haif # heir a frequent and solempne assemblie of our nobilitie, barronis, and # vtheris our estattis, vpoun the xxiiii day of Aprile instant, alsweill # for resolutioun to be tane be thair aduise anent the mater of our mariage as # for the quieting of this estate and diuerting of the appering # danegers thretnid thairto, baith be domesticque and externall practises, # it is thairfoir our will, and we desyre yow richt effectuouslie, that # all excuses sett apairt, ye faill not to be at ws, the said day and # place, preparit to assist ws with your best counsale and aduise in the premissis, as ye will testefie vnto ws your dewtifull # affectioun to the weill of ws and this haill state, and thairin do ws richt # acceptable and thankfull seruice. Thus we commit yow to God. At Halyrudhous, # the first day off [{Apr{]ile 1589. James R. To our traist freind the Laird of Wester Wemys. [} [\39. KING JAMES THE SIXTH TO THE SAME. 7TH MAY 1590.\] }] [^TO DAVID WEMYSS OF WEMYSS^] Richt traist freind, we greit you hertly weill. We haif # writtin to yow to your hous of Wemys for ressait of the Commissioners of Denmark, vpoun Monunday nixt at nycht, the xi day of this # moneth, and, in cais of your absence, hes thocht gude to send this # vther letter to yow to Elcho, desyrand yow effectuuslie, that ye will nocht # faill without delay, all excuses sett apairt, to addres yow to be at # Wemys

with all diligence efter the ressett heirof, and to treate and # interteny thame the best ye can that nycht, as ye luif the honour of ws # and the cuntrie, and will do ws speciall plesour. Thus we commit you # to God. At Edinburgh, the vii of Maii 1590. James R. To our traist freind the Lard of Wester Wemys. [} [\40. KING JAMES THE SIXTH TO THE SAME. 29TH MARCH 1592.\] }] [^TO DAVID WEMYSS OF WEMYSS^] Rycht traist freind, we greit you hertlye weill. The desyre # we haue alwayes careit to satisfie the commoun wische and expectatioun # of oure weill affectit subiectis, and the present tyme and occasioun in # this wickit and declyning aige, craving sic solide and gude ordour # to be takin as may best settill and quyet oure estate, hes movit ws # now efter oure full and perfyte aige, to procleame a Parliament, quhilk, # be Godis assistance, is to be haldin in the moneth of Maii nixtocum. In # the meyntyme, thinking it convenient, that, in maters of sa great # wecht and importance, we proceid be the aduise and concurrens of sic # or oure nobilitie and best affected subiectis as ar knawin to cary # gretest guidwill to the furtherance of sa necessar and godlie a work, we haue # maid choyse, amangis vtheris, of yow, being acquent with your gude # dispositioun, quhom we haue takin occasioun heirbye to desyre in maist ernist maner (all excuses set apart) to addres yourselff toward # ws at Edinburgh, the xx day of Aprile nixt approcheing, instructed # with your sound aduise and best opinioun, to be interponit alsweill in # sic thingis as ar meit to be proponit and enactit in Parliament, as # lykewise in sum further resolutionis then requisite to be takin in sic maters # as salbe particularlie oppynnit vp at your cuming to that assemblie, at # quhat tyme ye sall beare witnes of oure sinceritie and gude meanyng # to haue the lawes and ordinances sett downe, effectuall and with dew # regard, inviolablie kepit, and of oure earnyst cair in omitting na part # with your

ayde and the rest of oure estates to haue that lang expectit # and wischit executioun to follow. Thus louking assuritlie for your presens # in keping precisle that dyett, as ye will kyth thairby your zeale # and affectioun to the advancement of Godis glorie, preseruatioun of # oure croun and estate, with the setling of the samyn, to the great # quiet and publict benefite of your natiue cuntrie, we commit yow to Godis # protectioun. From Halyrudhous, the xxix day of Marche 1592. James R. To our richt traist freind the Larde of Wester Wemys. [} [\41. KING JAMES THE SIXTH TO THE SAME. 27TH SEPTEMBER 1592.\] }] [^TO DAVID WEMYSS OF WEMYSS^] Richt traist freind, we greit yow hertlie weill. As the # gentill vsage and lenitie, schawine at all tymes heirtofoir toward our # subiectis, hes maid thame to leif vndir that cairles securitie that our # sindrie proclamationis haue nocht bene sa dewlie respected as the importance and necessitie of the erandis requirit, sa hes it gevin ws # occasioun to resolue a cours quhairby we may receave better obedience, quhairof we # haue thocht meit heirby to mak yow aduerteist, and that vpone sum occasionis contened at lenth in our publict proclamationis, # quhilk will cum to your knawlege, we haue fund it expedient to continew the # last appointed raid to the tent day of October nixt to cum; to # quhilk tyme we will desire yow in maist earnest maner to prepair your self, # and nocht to faill to meit and accumpany ws, as ye salbe directed; # as thairby ye will kyith your zeale and affectioun toward our # croun and seruice, besydes the reporting of our speciall thankes, and # concurre with your help to the purgeing and conquischeing in a maner of # sic boundis, specialie of Tiuidaill, as hes schaiken of thair # dewitie and allegeance towardis ws, being infected with the repair and hant # of our notorious rebellis, and, in that respect, to be repute na les # culpable

nor thame selfis and equalie to be persewit. Thus luiking # assuredlie for your conformitie (all excuses set apart) as euir ye will be # partaker of our gudewill and fauour, we commit yow to Godis protectioun. From Dalkeith, the xxvii day of September 1592. James R. To our richt traist freind the Laird of Wester Wemys. [^A LETTER BY QUEEN ANNE OMITTED.^] [} [\43. KING JAMES THE SIXTH TO THE SAME. 3D AUGUST 1594.\] }] [^TO DAVID WEMYSS OF WEMYSS^] Richt traist freind, we greit you hairtlie weill. The # incertaintie of the arrivall of the remanent foreyne ambassadouris and sum # vther

speciall occasionis, hes constranit ws to prorogat the tyme of # our derrest sonis baptisme to Sonday, the xviii of August instant; quhairof ue haue thocht necessar to aduerteis yow, and # thairwithall effectuuslie to desyre yow that ye will nocht faill to be with # us vpoun the fyftene day of the said moneth at the farthest, and that ye # will haist in sic quick stuf as ye may haue in redynes, and may # spair, to the support of the chargis, to Halirudhous, betuix and the vii or # viii day of the said moneth; and vennysoun and wyldfoull as it may be # haid calloure about the day of the solempnitie, evin as ye will gif # us a pruif of your affectioun and guidwill; and alwayis let us haue your # ansuer that ue be nocht disapointit; and sa committis yow to God. At Striuiling, the thrid day of August 1594. James R. Yie sie now thai ar alreddy cum vpoun quhome the chargeis ar to be maid. We knaw that vennysoun and wyldfoull are nocht # frequent in that cuntrie, albeit thai be expressit in this our letter as # we wrait to the Hielandis. To oure richt traist freind the Lard of Wester Wemys. [} [\44. KING JAMES THE SIXTH TO THE SAME. 21ST JANUARY 1594.\] }] [^TO DAVID WEMYSS OF WEMYSS^] Traist freind, we grite yow weill. We haue, for the better # rewle to be keipit be the disorderit personis, inhabitantis of our # bordouris, in tyme cuming, taikin certane plegeis, quhilkis, according to # our Act of Parliament, is thocht meit to be committit to remane with # certane nobillmen, barronis, and vthiris in the incuntrie, seing our # awin houssis ar not aibill to keip sic a multitude as necesserlie, for this # guid occasioun, mon be detenit. Quhairfoir thir presentis salbe to desyir yow effectuouslie to ressaue in your hous Andro Johnnestoun, sone # to Cristie of Mylnbank, plege for the branche of Mylnbank, and # caus

ansuer him of meit, drink, and bedding, quhill he be fred be # our speciall letter to be direct to yow, subscryuit be ws, and # sevin of our Previe Counsall, our Chancellair and Justice-clerke being # alwayes twa of that nowmer. It is not necessar that ye be cairfull of his # keiping, becaus he hes found souirtie not to eshew: bot ye sall not # grant him licence or libertie to pas hame, as ye wald eshew the pane of # twa thousand pundis, prescryuit in our Act of Parliament maid # heiranent. Thus, for the present, we committ yow to God. Frome # Haliruidhous, the xxj day of Januar 1594. James R. To our traist freind the Lard of Westir Wemys. [} [\45. KING JAMES THE SIXTH TO THE SAME. 31ST JANUARY 1595.\] }] [^TO DAVID WEMYSS OF WEMYSS^] Richt traist freind, we grete yow weill. The plegeis brocht # in for the gude rule of the Bordouris mon be kepit be the nobilmen, # barronis, and gentlemen of the incuntrie, quhomto they ar directit, # according to the order appointit be the Act of Parliament maid # thairanent. Thairfore we require yow rycht effectuuslie, that ye ressaue # Jok Johnnstoun of Brumell, plege for the gang of Brumell and Elscheschelis, # and keip him in fre ward, and cause ansuer of meit, drink, and # bedding, ay and quhill he be fred and relevit be our speciall lettir, # subscriuit with our hand and be sevin of oure Counsale; and that ye nawyse # grant him licence nor libertie to pas hame, as ye will eschew the # incurring of the pane of twa thowsand pundis prescriuit be the said Act # of Parliament. Thus we commit yow to God. At Halyrudehouse, the last day of Januar 1595. James R. To oure richt traist freind the Laird of Wester Wemys.

[} [\46. KING JAMES THE SIXTH TO SIR JOHN WEMYSS OF WEMYSS OF THAT ILK. 30TH OCTOBER 1597.\] }] [^TO DAVID WEMYSS OF WEMYSS^] Richt traist freind, we grete you wele. The pledgeis now # enterit for gude reule of the Bordouris mon be keipit be the baronis # and vthiris quhometo thay ar directit, according to the ordour prescriuit # be our Act of Parliament. Thairfoir we require you richt effectuuslie # to ressaue in your house and keiping Jok Johnnstoun of Brumell, # plege for the gang of Brumell, and caus ansuer him of meit, drink, # and bedding, quhill he be fred and releuit be oure speciall letter, # subscriuit be ws and fyve or our Preuey Counsale; and that ye suffir him # nocht to departe or pas hame, be your ouersicht, licence, or consent, as # ye will eshew the pane of tua thowsand pundis, contenit in our Act of # Parliament maid thairanent. Bot incais he eshaip hame or departe oute of your cumpany, by your witting, that ye aduerteis ws and our # Counsale thairof be write, within xxiiii houris eftir his said eshewing, # vthirwayes ye will incur the said pane. Thus we committ you to God. At Lynlythqw, the penult day of October 1597. James R. To our richt traist freind the Lard of Wester Wemys. [} [\47. KING JAMES THE SIXTH TO THE SAME. 30TH DECEMBER 1598.\] }] [^TO SIR JOHN WEMYSS OF WEMYSS.^] Traist freind, we greit yow weill. Wanting houssis of our # awin to keip the pleges enterit to ws for the quietnes or our West # Marche, we ar forceit to have recours to the remeid provydit thairto be # our Estaittis at this lait conventioun; and, accordinglie, man will # and desyre yow that vpoun sycht heirof, all excusis set asyde, ye # faill nocht to resaue Willie of Grenesyde plege for the gang of # Myreheid and Lokerby, keip and deteine him in sure firmance, vnsuffering # him to

escape or to retire him hame without our speciall warrand had # and obtenit thairto, vndir the panis contenit in our actis, and as # ye wilbe ansuerable to ws besydis vpoun your failyie at your further # charge and perrell. Thus we commit yow to God. Frome Halyrudhous, # this penult of December 1598. James R. To our traist freind the Laird of Wester Wemys. [} [\48. KING JAMES THE SIXTH TO THE SAME, 9TH JULY 1599.\] }] [^TO SIR JOHN WEMYSS OF WEMYSS^] Richt traist freind, we greit you hertlie wele. The Frenche # ambassadour being to viseit our burgh of Perth the morne or vthermorne, we haue thocht guid, effectuusly to requeist and desir you, that # ye faill nocht, as ye respect our honnour, to send heir, to Falkland, # with a seruand of your awne, ane of your fynest hacquenays, with the # fynest sadle and furnitour yee haue, betuixt and the morne at evin, or Twysday in the morning at the fardest, for the monting of the # said ambassadour or sum gentilman of his tryne in that iornay; # quhilk your hors salbe returnit agane to you with your awne seruand. # And swa lippynning this assuredlie to you, as ye will mereit our # thankis, we commit you to God. From Falkland, this ix of Julii 1599. James R. To our richt traist freind the Laird of Wester Weymis. [} [\49. KING JAMES THE SIXTH TO THE SAME, 13TH JULY 1599.\] }] [^TO SIR JOHN WEMYSS OF WEMYSS^] Richt traist freind, we greit you hertlie wele. In our # former letter we desyrit you, as ye respected our honnour, to send ws ane of # your

fynest hacquenays, with the fynest sadle and furnitour ye haue, # for the monting of the Frenche ambassadour, or sum gentilman of his tryne, in his progres toward our burgh of Perth, quhilk ye haue # vilipendit; and thairfoir, as of befoir, we haue thocht guid to will and desyr you that ye faill nocht (all excuissis set apairt) to # send ws the same hacquenay the morne, or vther morne at the fardest, with a seruand of your awne, quha sall returne him agane to you; and # swa lippynning this assuredlie to you, as ye will report our # hertlie thankis, and will eschew our forder wraith, we commit you to God. From Falkland, this xiii of Julii 1599. James R. To our richt traist freind the Laird of Wester Weymis. [} [\50. KING JAMES THE SIXTH TO SIR JOHN WEMYSS OF WEMYSS, KNIGHT. 15TH AUGUST 1599.\] }] Richt traist freind, we greit you hertlie wele. # Vnderstanding that thair is yeirlie ane lax nett sett within the mouth of the # water of Levin, ower the quhilk ye ar baillie, quhilk is expreslie # contrair the tennour of our Actis of Parliament, we haue thairfoir thocht # guid effectuusly to requeist and desire yow that ye faill not to # suffer and permit nane to lay or sett thair nettis, fra this day furth, as # our said Act of Parliament prescryuis, becaus it is ane great hinder and # preiudice to our commounwele and puir lieges, in taking of the baggit # fische within the same water efter the said day, notwithstanding of # any warrand or desir gevin or to be gevin to that effect to you, as # ye will do ws guid plesour. Swa we commit you to God. From Falkland, the xv day of August 1599. James R. To our richt traist freind S[{chir{] Johnne Weymis of that # Ilk, knycht. [^LETTERS 51.-55. OMITTED.^]

[} [\56. KING JAMES THE SIXTH TO SIR JOHN WEMYSS OF THAT ILK. 17TH MARCH 1603.\] }] Richt traist freind, we great you hertlie wele. In respect # our cousing, the Erll of Ergyle, and the rest of the Erll of Murrayes # speciall freindis, wer not at this tyme present with ws heir, we haue continewit # the handilling of that mater of his mariage and vther his effaires # vnto the xxv day of Marche instant, quhairof we haue thocht gude to gif # you aduerteisment, and effectuusly to requeist and desire you, that # ye faill not (all excuissis set a pairt) to be at ws in Sterling, the # said day preceisly; quhair we mynd, God willing, to be for the tyme, to # gif your best [{aduise{] and opinioun in the putting of our said # cousing, the Erll of Murrayes effaires to sum point, as ye will do ws # acceptable guid pleasour and seruice. Sua, resting assured of your keping that # day

preceisly, we commit you to God. From Halyruidhouse, the xvii # day of Marche 1603. James R. [} [\57. KING JAMES THE SIXTH TO SIR JOHN WEMYSS. 10TH APRIL 1603.\] }] Richt traist freind, we great yow hertlie wele. Seing our # people hear langis na lesse for our dearest bedfollow, the Quene, and our # childrene then they did for ourselff, and that it wes not your fortoun to # accumpany ws in this our wayage, in respect of the schortnes of tyme and your not preparatioun, we haue maid chois of yow for the convoy # to Londoun of our said dearest bedfollow the Quene, quhom we haue # appointed to begin hir journay betuixt and the first day of Maii # nixtocum; and thairfoir will effectuusly requeist and desire yow to # prepair and addresse yourselff, in your cumliest maner, to convoy, # accumpany, and attend vpoun our said dearest bedfollow in that hir haill # journay to Londoun; and for the same effect to be in readynes vpoun hir # aduerteisment betuixt and the day foirsaid; as ye tender our honnour and the honnour of the cuntrey with our speciall plesour and # seruice. Sua we commit yow to God. From Newcastell, this tent of Aprile # 1603. James R. To our richt traist freind the Laird of Weymis Wester. [^LETTERS 58. AND 59. OMITTED.^]

[} [\60. LETTER BY KING JAMES THE SIXTH TO THE LAIRD OF WEMYSS. 8TH JULY 1618.\] }] James R. Trustie and welbeloued, wee greete yow well. Whereas # certeyne articles were proposed by vs to be concluded by the church # there, at our late being in that our kingdome, which at the last assemblie # holden at St. Andrewes were deferred to the nexte ensewing, wee haue thoughte # good to calle an assemblie nationall of the Church in those partes, # and haue appointed them to conuene at Perth, the 25th of August nexte, # to the effecte those articles may be past in constitution # ecclesiasticall, at which wee haue made speciall choise of yow to be presente, that yee # may assiste and furder our good and royall intention, so far as # lyes in yow. Therefor wee moste earnestlie desire yow to keepe the said time # and place, and attende our Commissioner whome wee shall appointe to # keepe the said assemblie, by whome yee shall more particularlie # vnderstande what is our pleasour. And this assuring our selfe that yee # will not fayle to do, as yee wolde merite the continuance of our fauour, # wee bid yow farewell. Giuen at our Castle of Windesor, the viii=th= of # Julie 1618. To our trustie and welbeloued the Laird of Weemes.

[} [\99. ALEXANDER, EARL OF DUNFERMLINE, CHANCELLOR OF # SCOTLAND, TO ROBERT, LORD BURNTISLAND, AFTERWARDS FIRST LORD MELVILLE\] }] From Halyruidhouse, 21 Junii 1614. Maist honorabill good Lord, - I tak occasion to write this # to your lordship, to gif yiow present taist in quhat estaitt wee ar heir, in the # gouernement off this estaitt ondir his sacred Maiestie, be sic directions as wee # resaue daylie frome thence; for this last counsall day wee had in counsall # presented to us twa lettirs frome his Maiestie, direct to the haill counsall, quhairoff I # send yiow heirwith copies, that yiour lordship may communicat on the same with my # Lord Somersett as yie may haue guid opportunitie and occasion; for I assuire # yiour lordship thair is na directions cuimis frome thence hither, bot (as yie know) # the burding thairoff at this present lyis on my Lord Somersett, as he quha onlye has # the absolute powar baith be his office and be his creditt. I sould haue send the saidis lettirs or copies thairoff to # my Lord Somersett my self, and my minde thairanent, war nocht I think his # lordship [^BLANCO^] [\The blanks in this letter are caused by the original paper being torn in various places.\] with innumerabill greate affaires as I [^BLANCO^] lasour to # reid my lettirs or luike on thame; and I wald be sorie to write my minde frielie # in sic maters, and nocht witt quhat sould becuim off my lettirs, nor in quhais # handis thay may fall. I am certane thir lettirs has neiuer bein directed be his # Maiestie as thay ar wrettin, nor his Maiestie wald neiuer haue signed thame, gif thay had # bein red to his Maiestie as yie will parsaue be thame your self, as yie reid # thame; for thay ar direct aganist our law forme and practic, and by all rason and # in greate pairt foundit upon ontreuth, as yie knaw in the mater, and will # considder be sicht off the lettirs. To the first, the counsall for satisfactioun thairoff, # ordourd the kings aduocat to cause summond onye off the parties mentioned thairin for onye # particular crimes, offences, or riottis ony man sould giue him information off, # and furnish him probatioun. To summond onye persoun upon the generall to ansuir upon his # misdemeanour or misbehauiour can nocht stand with our practic nor law, is # direct aganist the acts off parlament.

The second lettir sould haue bein direct in guid forme to me # onlye, for that lyis to my charge and office yierlie to alter, change, or # establish the justices off peace as occasioun may requere. Bot beside that, as yie will # parsaue be reiding the lettir, if his Maiestie war weill informed, wald neiuer # consent that directioun sould be followed furth. I am determined, neiuertheless, to # obey the same if I gett nocht contrair [{wa{]rrand betuix and Michaelmes, for that # lyis to my charge onlye, and this I shiow to the counsall, for I will alvayis # obey his Maiestie's commandementis. I think thir lettirs has bein procured to the # behoue and at the Laird off Halkertounis desire; quhilk he neidit nocht for # onye thing he has [^BLANCO^] anie raison for your lordship knawis he has # [^BLANCO^] the lordis, and off my self in speciall as onye man has. Bot # treulie thir forms ar nocht guid, ar eiuill thocht off, wald be remeidit and stayed, # or ellis the service will be werie onpleasand heir and diffiicill, if nocht impossibill, # to doe guid seruice, and hald all affaires heir in guid frame. Sence the writing heiroff, thair is ane other lettir cuimed # hither to us frome his Maiestie far by my expectatioun. The lettir is to my lord # secretair, aduocat, and me, to the behoue and fauour off Francis, sonne to the late # Erle of Bothuell, with ane protectioun formed to the said Francis, with command # and charge to us to aduyse his Maiestie gif the said forme off protectioun micht # importe to him onye thing micht be preiudicial to his fathers forfaltour; and # with command to us if it may import that to forme ane other, and send it in all # expeditioun to his Majestie, quhilk sould beare na farder, bot his Maiesties # acceptatioun off him ondir his protectioun and clemencie, and restitutioun against # his dishabilitatioun be his fathers forfaltour, to import na farder bot libertie to # him, butt offence, to marie with ony partie, to enjoye quhat eiuer he may acquire be # mariage or otherwayis be laufull meanis, and to haue place, to stand in iugement, to # parsew, and defend the same as onye other laufull subject, as gif the # sentence of dishabilitatioun had neiuer bein geiuin against him be occasioun off his # father's forfaltour. To this wee haue ansuired the best wee could, [{and{] has send # our ansuir to James Douglas to be presented to his Maiestie, [{r{]efused alluterlie # to giue it to the partie quha broght us the kings letter himself, and maed greate # instance with us to haue the ansuir deliured to himself; quhow thir things ar sa # wroght and broght about, and quha sould be the moyennars and pro [^BLANCO^] is mistie to me, for I haue na intelligence off [^BLANCO^] quhilk man mak my # pairt werie [^BLANCO^] and difficill in my seruice. I hoipe alwayis, God willing, I # sall keip the pairt off a guid skippar. I sall doe all may be done be sic winde and # wadder as fallis to me; and if the wadder sould ouer whelme me, I sall perish with # the ruidder in my hand, on a dew and honest course. Certanlie it apeiris to # me his Maiestie

intends be degrees to restore that mannis estaitt, and suim # sayis my Lord Somersett is on that course also, suim that it cuimis other # wayis. I hoipe be the nixt occasioun I sall haue to write to yiow to latt yiow knaw # suim end off our process with your guid toun of Bruntiland, for we haue # presentlie the aduocatioun in hand, and nocht hauing farder for this present, bot to wish # yiow all happines, restis your lordships maist affectionat to serue yiow, Lord Bruntiland. Dunfermeline.

[} [\101. COLONEL ALEXANDER LESLIE TO JAMES, MARQUIS OF # HAMILTON.\] }] From Hamburg the 12 of Maii 1631. My most nobil Lord and General, - I am now cum one vith Mr. # Elphinstone and Mr. Meldrome vnto the towne of Hamburge, quher I haue # brocht letters of credence vith me from his Majestie of Suedine to the bischope # and towne of Breme, quither I mind to goe vith all expeditione, and to tak # the kings comissarius along vith me thither to determine of all things quhich may mak # suir your excellences randevovs and landing. Bot if they, as it is to be # feared sinc the enemie is so dispersed throch ther lands, be not eabil to giue # vs such assistanc as

is requisit, ve must tak a cours to secure our selfs, quhich is # to heastine thos levies quhich your excellence can sie in the instructione, and I vill # doe my indevor heir to bring them vp. Bot if ther be heir such difficultie throch # the levies of so many princes and townes, that they can hardlie be brocht togither, # let me intreat your excellence that I may know if ye vill vndertak your self the # leveying of them troups or nocht, and in the mean tyme I vill goe one in # effecting all that I possiblie can, not omitting any occasione to acquaint your # excellence how ewrie particular goeth. I haue many passages to haue vreatine vnto # your excellence, both of his Majesties proceidings, as also of many things done # in thir feilds. Bot Mr. Elphinstone and Meldrome can record all to your excellence # at large, quho hath cariit them selfs so in this busines that they haue # omitted no tyme, bot hes vith gryt deligence givne his Majestie all contentment. As for # me, sinc it hath pleased his Majestie of Suedine and your excellence to imploy # me in this busines, I assure your excellence my affectione to doe yow service is so # gryt that ther sall no thing be left vnessayd quhich may tend to your honour or # service, and I sall doe my best to vitness my self your excellences most humil # servant, A. Lesle. To my most nobil lord my Lord Marques of Hambiltone.

[} [\105. COLONEL ALEXANDER LESLIE TO JAMES, MARQUIS OF # HAMILTON.\] }] The 21 Agust [{1631{]. Pleis your Excellence, - We arryved at Wkermundt, fond the # soiours so weried, being wnaqwainted with mairsching, I wes forced to ly # still a day to

repos them, and to prowyd for schipin to send the seik men be # watter, which wer to the number of thrie hundreth; for the hopman of # Vkermundt wes apoynted to be comissaries for owr prowissioun, quhilk wes # nocht so well as it sould haue for lak of tyme, yit thai wer contentit ressonabill # well. But the nixt nicht lodging wes at Mutschellburgh, quhair I fond nothing, bot # wes forced to send and seek for it at vther places, for the which the # comissarie is to be blamed, as Capitane Weir can schaw your Excellence, and the nixt nycht # salbe at Falk in Wald; quhair I hop thai salbe a littill better vsed, and so I # sall caus to provyde for your Excellence all the way that I am to pas, bot your # Excellence wald do well and nocht to quyt the hopman will be brocht yow to # Mutschelburgh, least he serue your Excellence as he has served me; for I will assure # your Excellence it is verie gritt trubill to bring them forth and prowyd for them, # yit with Godis grace I sall bring them to Stattin. As for the seik, I haue # writtin to Charle Banneir, that thaj sall nocht lak thair wnto the rest come. - I # rest your Excellenc servant, A. Leslie.

[} [\107. COLONEL ALEXANDER LESLIE TO JAMES, MARQUIS OF # HAMILTON.\] }] Stade, the 26 November 1632. My most noble and honourable good Lord, - I haue thought it # expedient to mak to your Excellencie this sad nar[{ra{]tioun of the # lamentable death of our most valarouse and worthie chiftaine, who, in the sixt of November, # did end the constant course of all his glorious victories with his happie lyffe, for # his Majestie went to farre on with a regiment of Smolandis horsemen, who did # not second him so well as they showld, at the which instant ther came so thick # and darke a mist that his owin folkis did lose him, and he being seperate from # his owin amongst his foes, his left arme was shote in two, after the which being # shote againe through the backe, fainting he fell upon the ground, one the which whill he # was lying, one asking him whate he was, he answeared, King of Sweddin, wherupon his # enemies that did compasse him thought to haue caried him away; but in the meane # while, his owin folkes comeing on, striueing in great furie to vindicate his # Majestie out of ther handis, when they saw that they most quite him againe, he that # before asked what he was, shote him through the heade; and so did put ane end to # his dayes, the fame of whose valoure and loue to the good cause sal nevir end. # When his corpes were inbalmed ther waes found in them fyue shottes and nyne # woundis, so ar we to our wnspeakable greife deprived of the best and most # valorouse commander that evir any souldiours hade, and the church of God with hir # good cause of the best instrument vnder God, we becaus we was not worthie of him, # and she for the sinnes of hir children, and altho' our lose who did follow # him salbe greate, yit questionlesse the churche hir lose sal be much greatter, for # how can it be when the heade which gaue such heavenly influence vnto all the # inferiore members, that nevir any distemperature or weaknes was seene in them; how can # it be since that heade is taken from the body, bot the members therof sal # fall vnto much fainting and confusion. But this I say not, that ather I dowbt # of Gods Providence or of these whom he hes left as actores behind him, for I am # perswaded that God wil not desert his owne cause, bot will yit stirre up the # heartis of some of his anoynted ones to prosecute the defence of his cause, and to # be emolouse of such renowne as his Majestie hes left behind him for evir, and # I pray the Almightie that it would please his Supreame Majestie now to # stirre the King of Boheme, and to make choyce of him in this worke, which indead # is brought vnto a great measoure of perfectioun, neither doe I think that ther # salbe any defect in these his valorous souldiours and followers, in whome ther is # not the least suspicioun

of jelousie; bot this al men knowis that a bodie cannot long # subsist without a head, which giues such lyffe and influence, ather # good or bade, as it hes radically in it selfe, when it is present; and when it is cutt # away, cutts away with itselfe all lyffe and influence. As yit this bodie hes # done well, for indeid the victorie was ours, and Papinhame is killed, Wallenstoune # wounded, Corronel Commargen killed, with many other greatt officers which yit # I cannot particularly nominate. The enemie left the towne of Leipsich, and Duke # Ewiene of Lunnemberie hes beseiged very hardly the castle, and I think be now it is # taken in. Duke Bernard of Veimers hes persewed Wallenstone with the # relictis of the Emperours armies, and hes so compassed them about that I think # also by now they ar ended. Now it remaines that we turne our sorrow to # revenge, and our hearts to God by earnest prayer that he would stirre up the # heartis of such men as may doe good to his cause, and now tak it in hand when it # is in such a case. I haue no further wherof I can wreit to your Excellencie at # this tyme, bot when occasioun offers I sal not be deficient to acquaint your # Excellencie with every particulare. I intreat your Excellencie to haue me in your # remembrance as one who sal evir be readdie and willing to serve your Excellencie # to the verie outtermost of my power; of which assureing my selfe, and wishing your # Excellencie all health and happines, I rest your Excellencies faithfull servant # till death, A. Lesle.

[} [\154. ALEXANDER, EARL OF DUNFERMLINE, CHANCELLOR, TO THOMAS, LORD BINNING, SECRETARY OF SCOTLAND. 26TH SEPTEMBER 1613.\] }] Maist honorabill good Lord, - I am glaid to onderstand be # yiour lettir, baith that yie ar entrit agane in the band off mariage, and that yie # haue tane sa weill with the yioke that yie haue stayed yiour iornay to Court till the # nixt oulke be ordonance off heighar powars. The lettir from his Maiestie quhilk yiour # lordship send to me, I sall be cairfull baith to present to the Counsall the nixt # day, and to see obeyed quhateiver

is in it. I haue na farder to yiour lordship for the present, # bot as may occurre sall write to yiou to Court sa lang as yie ar thair, quhilk I # wis ather for lang tyme or shiorte, as yie may find best for yiour weill and # contentement. I wis yiour lordship may remember off that I said to yiow at our last meiting. I # think guid yie meit before yiour parting with my Lord Register, and leiue him # directioun in yiour absence nocht to be fra na Counsall day, and to supplie thair for yiou # the writing off all ansuiris to his Maiesties directions, quhilk he may write ather # to yiou, or onye in yiour absence yie sall direct him. Nocht hauing farder for the # present bot to commit yiow to Goddis holye protectioun, restis euer Yiour lordships maist affectionat to serue yiow, Dunfermelyne. From Dalgatie, 26 September 1613. I entreate this may remember my seruice to my Ladye yiour # Lordships bedfallowe. This Mononday, 27 instant, I intend, God willing, to be eist at # my good sonne Balcarres. After I had writtin all before, I haue resaued ane pacquett # frome Court with lettirs to sindrie; na aduertisment nor newis in it wordie of mentioun, # bot I parsaue his Maiestie has werie hard information off me, as I doubt nocht # bot yiour lordship will heir aneuch off at Court. I thank God I am ansuirabill for all # my proceidings quhen eiuer I sall be laufullie challenged, and herd to my lawfull # defence. My innocencie and deutifull meaning has biddin and putt off monye stormis and # blastis: I stand nocht great aw off this, albeit I think it cuim fra the airth # regnis maist, and is maist tempesteous this seasoun. I haue nocht done my deutie in # constraning the burowis to pay for the hanging of Starcouius; to cause the landislordis # off the M=c=Greegours satisfie my Lord Ergyles desires and laird Lawers, and to # satisfie Lawers for taking all the M=c=Gregours barnis. I thank God thair is na wars at # this tyme to lay to my cherge, albeit thir points be heighlie aneugh agregit. Yie # knaw als weill as onye my pairt in all this, albeit I wish yiou neiuer to kenne the mater # farder nor sall be speired at yiou. After the nixt Counsall day I sall mak ansuir for my # self werie shiortlie, nor thinkis neiuer to trubill me meikill at the mater. I think yie # may eiuin lauch that sic things sould be laid to my charge. It micht moue me suim # thing gif I knew nocht that bettir men nor eiuir I can think me self wordie to # be compared with, has baith tane greitar panis and done bettir seruice nor my # habilitie can attane to, and yit had wars rewardis nor sic detractions. I will continew to # doe my deutie to my good maister, to the countrie, to richt, and iustice, as my # ingine or strenth may furnish. Sua doing, (\si fractus illabatur orbis\) , etc. To my maist honorabill good lord, my lord Secretair.

[} [\204. THOMAS, EARL OF HADDINGTON, TO WILLIAM, EARL OF MENTEITH, PRESIDENT OF THE COUNCIL. C. MARCH 1629.\] }] My most noble Lord, - My assured persuasion that your # worthie friend my Lord Secretarie of Scotland will fullie informe your lordship of all # that is wretin to him of the counsels proceedings makes me forbeare to trouble your # lordship with repetition of that which will be more perfitlie reported by him. Your lordship by your care and zeale in repressing the # encrease and bold profession of poperie encouraged others to assist yow and follow yow # therein. It is conceiued by the Lords of Counsell that the Marquis of Huntlies going to # court after disobedience of all the charges direct aganist him will so embolden the papists # and affray the ministers and best affected subiects in the north, and many other parts # of the countrie, that if he being often denunced rebell sall, after contempt of the king # and churches lawes, find countenance and fauour there, it will make many having charge # in the church and estate to become more remisse heirafter nor in former times, # not without danger of derogation to both, for preventing wherof your lordships place # in the estate and

affection to religion, makes such as honour yow to exspect that # ye will vse the opportunitie of your being neere to his Maiestie to inform him # trulie of the importance of the occasion, wherin and all your other honorable # intentions, I wish your lordship all happinesse, and sall remaine, affectionat to do your # lordship seruice, Hadinton. The Vicount Drumlanrik and Sir Richard Grahame haue giuen so # good beginning to the repressing of bordour owtlawes by taking a nomber of # them on both sides, that if his Maiestie show fauour and authorise them and others well # affected to his seruice, the quyetting of disorders in those parts which some would haue # made to appeere almost impossible will be found of no great difficultie. The # first tryall is made by your lordships particular friends, and if your lordships true # recommendation of their merite to his Maiestie sall procure to them his gracious # thankes and encouradgement, it will moue them to persist in their begunne endeuours and stir # vp others to do the like seruice. To my much honored noble lord, the Earle of Monteith, Lord # President of his Maiesties counsell in Scotland, at court. [} [\205. THE SAME TO THE SAME. 24TH MARCH 1629.\] }] [^THOMAS, EARL OF HADDINGTON, TO WILLIAM, EARL OF MENTEITH^] My most noble Lord, - I acknowledge with due respect and # thanks your lordships letter of the ellevint. Friends haue aduertised me of your # lordships wise and religious cariage in the Marquis of Huntlies businesse, which will be # acceptable to all that loue God and the king. Ye were a forward instrument when ye were # present to sie all that wes convenient concluded and prosecuted in this countrie # which wes agreable to Gods law and his Maiesties. It rests now to make vse of his # Maiesties blessed zeale to have the course approoved and strengthened by his # authoritie. Your lordships and my lord chancelars concurrence in things concerning the estate, # reioices all that are trulie affected to it, because there is much talked and feared # of brutes that a nomber of our great men popishlie disposed intend either to goe beyond # sea if his Maiestie permit them, or to stay at or neere court, where they may haue # conveniencie to meet amongst themselves and consult with Englishmen of their opinion # vpon the meanes tending to their ends, litle to our good. Since God and the # king are vpon our side, they are not to be feared if we do our part, which may be much # confirmed by information to his Maiestie by your lordship, and my lord chancelar, of # how great moment this businesse is, which not being timelie ordered may # make much ado, and now being in time prevented will be easilie suppressed. It is # an exercise worthie of the care of all noblemen at court professedlie inclined to our # religion.

The counsell will, by letters and notes, informe his # Maiestie and his secretaries of some other particular affaires occurring heir, and since I know # that your worthie friend Sir William Alexander will not conceale any thing of that kind # from your lordship I forbeare to trouble yow, remitting all to him. I cannot sufficientlie expresse how great and vniuersall our # peoples joy is for her Maiesties wished estate, and our assured hopes that God will # blesse the royall parents and ws with the perfection of that most desired prosperitie by # her. Some commissioners vpon our side of the middle shires are informed that Sir # Richard Grame intends to procure fauoure to his late prisoners, which they extreamelie # dislike both for the present and the consequence, and haue entreated the counsell to # prevent it by their letter, whereof I have thoght fit to aduertise your lordship # for the respect I know your lordship beares first to the publicke order and next to the # worthie men your friends employed on both sides. If constant reports of my lord # chancelars intention to come from court before the packet come there had not persuaded me # that my letter could not haue found him at court, I wold haue troubled him with a # letter of this subiect. If it fall otherwayes furth I pray your lordship to excuse my # not writing to him, and to belieue that I will alwayes remaine, your lordships assured # to do yow seruice, Hadinton. Edinburgh, 24 March To my most noble good lord, the Earle of Monteith, Lord # President of his Maiesties counsell of Scotland, at court. [} [\206. THE SAME TO THE SAME. 1ST APRIL 1629.\] }] [^THOMAS, EARL OF HADDINGTON, TO WILLIAM, EARL OF MENTEITH^] My most honored noble Lord, - I will reither incurre your # reproof for troubling yow with idle lynes, nor be blamed for vndutifull silence. This # forenoone I haue no thing to write but what will be signified by James Primrois to Sir # William Alexander by a note of the proceedings in counsell and exchecker, which I know # he will impart to your lordship, and ease yow and me from repetition. In the # afternoone we expect the great businesse betweene the Earle of Seafort and the borrowes, # and betweene the Lord of Lorne and the Ilanders and Hielandmen. In discussing # whereof I wish from my heart your lordships presence and my lord chancelars, for as # I told your lordship at our parting I expected much businesse and small concurrence, # which I find ansuerable to my foresight. I need not of new to reiterat my recommendation concerning # the papists and bordours, but cannot of dutie omit to tell that the action for # concealed moneyes, the feare of fynes in the by past and future circuit courts, and # the tithes annuitie, and

the laird of Thorntons commission, doe so affright our people, # as I wish that your lordship and other honorable and wise counsellours there may so # informe his Maiestie of the circumstances as things may be so directed and disposed # that when God sall make ws happie by his wished presence heir, the people may be # prepared to giue him that large supplie which his weghtie affaires require, and he grant # to them that gracious pardon, which is vsuall at the coronation of blessed kings. I # am certaine if your lordship find thir pourposes fit to be imparted to my lord # chancellar, Sir William Alexander, and other honorable counsellers of this kingdome now # at court, ye will find an vniforme concurrence by them for proponing all that ye # sall joyntlie think good to propone for his Maiesties seruice and weell of this his # Maiesties and your natiue countrie. I am frie of privat interest and sall humblie # vndergoe whatever his Maiestie, out of his excellent wisdome, or your advices, sall # be pleased to prescriue, and euer remaine, your lordships assured to do yow seruice, # HADINTON. Edinburgh, first of April. To my most honorable good lord, the Earle of Monteith, Lord # President of his Maiesties privie counsell in Scotland, at court. [} [\207. THE SAME TO THE SAME. 7TH APRIL 1629.\] }] [^THOMAS, EARL OF HADDINGTON, TO WILLIAM, EARL OF MENTEITH^] My most noble good Lord, - Immediatlie after I receiued by # packet of the last of March his Maiesties commandment to the counsell and # commissioners for continowation of the parlement, I caused warne all of that nomber then being # in towne to conveene presentlie, and finding more nor I looked for, after # that order wes giuen for the businesse of parlement, I caused reade to the lords that # part of your lordships letter concerning the Countesse of Nithisdaill. The Bishop of # Dumblane said that the churches part wes accomplished, and the aduocat told that # horning wes directed agains my lady, but knew not if it wes registrat. The # conclusion wes that since things were done so laufullie vpon so good warrants, nothing # rested but forbearance of farder prosecution till his Maiesties pleasure sould be more # particularlie signified by my lord chancelar at his returne, as your lordship had wretin, # which will be done. Nothing hes occurred since my last to your lordship worth the # paines of your reading, at least to my knowledge. If I learne farther, I sall either # subioyne it to thir lynes, or desire Sir William Alexander or Sir Archibald Acheson, whom # I perceiue much affected to honour and serue yow, to report it to your # lordship. It is rumoured heer that some great men of this countrie at # court haue such seuerall ends in particulars as make their concurrence not to # be so vniforme as is

wished for the publicke goode. If it be so, wherof I sould be # most sorie, I will be bold to entreate your lordship to persist in that indifferent # course, ayming onlie at his Maiesties seruice and the countries good, which your lordship # has practised in your actions, and professed to me by conference to be your constant # resolution. My weakenesse forbids me to promise much assistance where I can performe so # litle, but all that I can sall be contributed to such ends by your lordships # affectionat seruant, Hadinton. To my most honored good lord, the Earle of Monteith, Lord # President of his Maiestie's privie counsell in Scotland, at court. [} [\208. THE SAME TO THE SAME. 13TH APRIL 1629.\] }] [^THOMAS, EARL OF HADDINGTON, TO WILLIAM, EARL OF MENTEITH^] My most honorable good Lord, I wes verie glade to know by # your lordships letter of the fyft, your good health, and by others that your # lordships wise and circumspect proceedings tending to his Maiesties honour and seruice and # good of this countrie, gaue both contentment to his Maiestie and to all # worthie and well affected men there, and that your lordships care of the dignitie of the # counsell in their lawfull procedings had closed the mouthes of such as by sinister # relation could haue disgraced, at least intended to blemish any of their actions. I haue learned that the minesters commissioners, to whom # letters of horning were granted against the Countesse of Nithisdaill vpon her # excommunication, had denunced her before your lordships letter for superseeding execution # came to my hands, but I haue aduertised James Primrois not to direct letters of caption # or any other farther warrant till his Maiesties farther pleasure be knowne. I perceiue by your lordships letter that Sir Richard Grahams # dealing with his prisoners hes beene well warranted and much mistaken by the # commissioners on this syde, but I dare assure your lordship they proceeded not out of # malice, their intention onlie being to prevent that no colour might procure impunitie # to notour fugitiues, and Sir Richards actions tending to the quyet of the countrie will # be ansuered by the commissioners on this side with all due correspondence. Your # lordship knowes that the Vicount of Drumlanrig, your cusing, is generous, and having # great interest in the peace of the middle shires cannot be blamed to concurre with # other well affected officers to seeke all laufull wayes to worke it, those who haue # greater place in the commission being seldome in this kingdome, and when they are # present having other businesse not permitting them much leiser to attend the # commission, leaves the countrie more obnoxious to receive harme, and giues the more # adoe to the inferiour commissioners, which I hope will move your lordship the more # fauorablie to excuse

their too great instance in that which concerned Sir Richard # Grame, the like wherof I hope sall not hereafter fall furth amongst men so well # affected on both parts. If at the meeting of the counsell vpon the fyfteent I learne # any thing fit to be wretin I will then and all following occasions be troublesome # to your lordship by my letters, wishing that your speedie and happie returne may ease # yow of that fascherie, and in the meanetime where euer your lordship be ye may enioy # health and contentment. I rest, your lordships affectionat seruant, Hadinton. Edinburgh, 13 April. To my most honorable good lord, the Earle of Monteith, Lord # President of his Maiesties most honorable privie counsell of Scotland, at court. [} [\209. THE SAME TO THE SAME. 16TH APRIL 1629.\] }] [^THOMAS, EARL OF HADDINGTON, TO WILLIAM, EARL OF MENTEITH^] My most honorable good Lord, - My letter of the 14th might # haue promised to your lordship exemption from importunitie by me for a long # time, if I had not thoght myself bound in dutie to let your lordship know what had # yesterday past in Counsell of any moment. The bishop of Dumblane shew to the # Counsell at their preceeding meeting what preiudice had beene felt and wes feared # by admitting of papists vpon the Counsell, and others told how carefull order # blessed King James had taken for preventing therof, which will be testified by the # extract of ane act made at that time sent vp with the Counsels letter to his Maiestie to # Sir William Alexander. Yesterday we had many bussinesses in Counsell, most part for # questions amongst parties of small moment. The greatest wes that betweene my # Lord of Lorne and the gentlemen of the north Iles, debated by word and writ, but in # such maner that the Counsell considering the importance, thoght it more fit to # conclude it deliberatelie at their next meeting nor precipitatlie at the present. Eight dayes agoe I did sie a letter of a notable oppression # done to Grant of Ballandalloch by James of Carron. I wrate of it sparinglie, # not relying much vpon the incertaintie of a missiue not sent to myself, but yesterday # there wes a letter exhibited in Counsell, bearing that the rebell had killed or hoghed abone # thrie score plough oxen, and reft fourscore nolt, eight score sheep, and nyne or # ten horses and meares, from Ballandalloch and his tennents, and when he following for # recouerie of his goods had required those throw whose bounds the goods were driven to # concurre with him in their rescue, he found none. All that we could think fit to # be first done wes to grant him summonds agains such as had resset, supplied, or # anywayes fauoured the rebels in their passage, and those who, being required, had not # assisted him in their persute. All our power will be in paper, vnles your lordship # informe his Maiestie how

necessare it is that powerfull noblemen and magistrats residing # too long at court be sent home to attend and execute their charges, or substitute in # their place men willing and able to obey the Counsels commandments for his seruice, for # manie more seeke imployment nor attend the timelie discharge therof. I entreate # your lordship to excuse the freedome of your lordships seruant, Hadinton. Edinburgh, 16 April. To my most honorable good lord, the Earle of Monteith, Lord # President of his Maiesties most honorable privie counsell of Scotland, at court.

[} [\210. JAMES LAW, BISHOP OF GLASGOW, TO THE EARL OF HADDINGTON, 14TH SEPTEMBER 1629.\] }] Richt noble, and my most honorable guid Lord, - Presentlie # after I receaved your lordships letter, quhilk was vpoune Satterday last, afternoone, # I writt to the parochiners of Kilmacolme, and geav them notice that Mr. Alexander # Hammiltoune was to be removed fra the ministrie of thair kirk, that they micht be the # moir cairful to provyd for sume vther in dew tyme. Bot becaus I fear that thay sall # nather agrie with the patroune, nor among themselfs, and that sume of them shall be # als turbulent as thay wer befoir; I have thoght it guid for dischairg of my dewtie # and conscience, and the better planting of that kirk, to be ane earnest suiter for ane # Regent of our College called Mr. George Young, a man of good learning, and godlie and # honest lyf, that your lordship wald be pleased to recommend him by your letter # to the Earle of Abercorne, that he may be presented to the stipend of that kirk. Maister # Alexander will inform your lordship moir particularlie concerning the man and # his gifts, and the necessitie of the planting of that kirk again with sume worthie # and sufficient man, quhilk is all that I seik. Pardoune me, my lord, that I have # requeisted your lordship to writt for him to the Earle of Abercorne, becaus I suspect # that I have lytill or no credit to mak requeist myself for him. Your lordships love # and kyndnes maks me bold; for the quhich so long as I am in this lyfe I shall # remaine, your lordships assuired to honour and serv yow. Ja. Glasgow. Glasgow, 14th September 1629. To the right noble his verie honorable guid lord, the Earle # of Hadingtoune, - thes.

[} [\47. JAMES, THIRD MARQUIS OF HAMILTON TO JOHN, THIRTEENTH EARL OF SUTHERLAND.\] }] Halierudhous, 13 Maij 1631. My Lord, - As it is not wnknowin to your lordschip how I # being bund by my vndertakin and signed articles to the King of Suedden to goe # over with a strong armie into Germanie for assisting him in his present warre # vndertakin thair for the libertie of the trew religione and recoverie of the lands # and possessiouns of the professouris thairof vnjustlie vsurpit and deteynned by the # Empreour and wthers enameis of that commoun caus, so I assure my self frome the # former proufs I haue had of your lordschips trew favour and freindschip that ye # will gif me all the assistance ye can to further in a bissinis that is so just # of so great consequence, and wherin both my fortoun and honour ar so deiplie ingadged; # as without all my freinds best help for leving of guid and able men to accompanie # me in this expeditione, it sould not bot suffer beyond all masoure, which or it sould # receave the least tash, I had rather suffer a thousand deathes. Bot as I # doe not doubt of your lordschips cair and assistance heirin, so I live all further # persuasione as neidles and superfluus to be vsed to your lordship, who knowis how nierly # it concernes me, that haue ever bein and sall still continew, your lordschips most # affectioned cowsing and servant, Hamilton Becaus I am to inbark my men about the fyft of Julij I wald # thairfor intreat your lordschip that so many as conveniently ye may send be at # Leith againe the first of the said moneth. [^THE ACTS OF THE PARLIAMENTS OF SCOTLAND, 1124-1707, VOLS. I-XII. EDINBURGH 1814-1875. SAMPLE 1: PP. VII,228.1 (2ND COLUMN) - 233.8 (2ND COLUMN) SAMPLE 2: PP. VII,254.1 (2ND COLUMN) - 264.17 (1ST COLUMN) SAMPLE 3: PP. VII,303.42 (1ST COLUMN) - 306.35 (1ST COLUMN) SAMPLE 4: PP. VIII,348.18 (1ST COLUMN) - 359.37 (2ND COLUMN) SAMPLE 5: PP. VIII,596.39 (1ST COLUMN) - 610.19 (1ST COLUMN)^]

[}AT EDINBURGH, MAY XXII, M,DC,LXI.}] [}ACT FOR DENUNCEING OF EXCO~MUNICAT PERSONS.}] OUR SOVERANE LORD with advice and consent of his Estates of Parliament Considering the insolencie of exco~municat Papists and others who slight the dreidfull sentence of exco~munication to the dishonour of God & obdureing of their oune hearts Doth therfor Ratifie and Approve all acts of Parliament and acts of Privie Councill standing before the yeer 1640 against exco~municate persones And statuts and Ordaines that in tyme comeing fourtie dayes being past after the said sentence of exco~munication letters be direct at the instance of his Maiesties Advocat for denunceing all exco~municat persones his Maiesties Rebells and putting them to the horne And that by warrand of the Lords of Privy Councill or Session Which denunciation being vsed be vertew of the saids letters at the mercate croce of Ed~=r= and Peir & shore of Leith, is heirby declaired to be sufficient against them and for vseing of caption thairvpon and takeing of the escheat & lyverent of the Rebells Conforme to the standing lawes of this Kingdome Provyding alwayes that befor the passing of any such letters of denunciation, The whole processe & sentence of excommunication be exhibite & produced befor the Lords of Session in session tyme To the end that they may consider the legality of the processe & grounds whervpon the sentence proceided: And that accordingly they may give forth the saids letters of denunciation as they shall think iust & reasonable [}ACT APPOINTING THE PURSUER OF THE THIEFF TO HAVE THE GOODS STOLLEN FROM HIM RESTORED.}] OUR SOVERANE LORD vnderstanding that when thieves are taken and execute for theft or declaired fugitives, their whole estate and the goods stollen also doth fall to his Maiestie and to the Lords of Regalities & others Justiciars pretending right to the saids goods stollen: For remeid whairof his Maiestie with advice and consent of the Estates of Parliament Statuts and Ordaines That any persone haveing goods or geir stollen from him, and haveing persewed the Stealler thairof, Shall have his oune goods agane wherever the same can be apprehended And wher the stollen goods cannot be had the persuer of the thieff shall have the iust value of the goods and geir stollen from him out of the readiest of the theiffs goods with the expences waired out by the persuer he alwayes persewing the

theiff vsq~ (\ad sententiam\) Reserveing alwayes to the Shirreff or other Magistrats and taker of the theiff the Expences waired out by them in the takeing & putting of the theiff to execution. [}ACT FOR THE PARDON OF PENAL STATUTS}] OUR SOVERANE LORD Considering that the precise & rigerous exaction of the paine arbitrary & pecuniall, abiected to penall Statuts heirtofore made, would prove a burden to his Maiesties leidges heavy & vnsupportable, if by his Maiesties grace & favour they should not be eased & liberate of the same In consideration whairof His Maiestie being willing to give ease and releiff to his Subiects of the forsaid burden Hath therfore been graciously pleased with consent of his Estates of Parliament To discharge freely pardon and remit And by these pn~ts discharges freely pardones and remits all contraveeners of any of the saids penall statuts for all deids done by them contrare to the tenor of the same statuts in tyme bygone Except only the statutes concerneing the vnlaufull takeing of vsurie, transporting of silver and gold and slaying of red & blak fishes which are nowayes discharged be this pn~t act nor comprehended vnder the same. [}ACT DISCHARGEING THE QUOTS OF TESTAMENTS}] OUR SOVERANE LORD with advice and consent of his Estates of Parliament for many weightie considerations moveing his Maiestie Statuts & Ordaines That no quots of testaments confirmed since the sexteinth of November 1641 and to be confirmed in tyme comeing Shall be exacted from any of his Maiesties leidges by Co~missers Co~misser Clerks ffiscalls and others whom it effeirs, But preiudice alwayes of the ordinary fies due vnto them as accords. [}ACT ANENT THE FEWARS & VASSALLS OF KIRKLANDS.}] OUR SOVERANE LORD with advice and consent of the Estats of this present Parliament Considering that whairas by the Generall surrender of Kirk lands and erections made by the Superiors & titulars thairof in favours of his Maiesties dearest father of ever blessed memorie; It is specially provydit that the saids superiors & titulars notwithstanding their surrender forsaid Shall have right to the few fermes & dewties of the vassalls and fewers of the said Kirklands & erections, till the Kings Maiestie make payment to them of the pryces of the saids few fermes and dewties modified by the Lords and others of the Co~mission for surrenders & teinds And siclyk the fewers and vassalls of the saids kirklands & erections are obleidged by their

new infeftments vnder the great seale to pay the saids few fermes & dewties to the Kings Maiestie & his successo=rs= And so against reasone may appeare to be lyable to double payment thairof: It is therfore Statute & Ordained by his Maiestie with consent forsaid That the saids fewars & vassalls of kirklands & erections their aires & successours Shall be obleidged to make thankfull payment of the saids few fermes & dewties contained in thair infeftments; and whairof the saids Superiors & titulars have been in possession preceiding that surrender forsaid, to the saids superiors & titulars their aires & successours Ay & whill they get payment of the prices modified by the saids Lords & others of the Co~mission forsaid according to the act of Parlia=t= 1633 yeers And that letters of horning & poinding shall be granted to that effect, Without preiudice alwayes to his Maiestie & his successours of the superiority of the saids fewers & vassalls surrendred in maner forsaid, and without preiudice to them of their infeftments taken to be holden of his Maiestie & his successo=rs= Lykas it is declaired that the saids fewers & vassalls of kirklands & erection have been in (\bona fide\) in pay=t= of the saids few fermes & dewties to the saids superiors & titulars of all tymes bygone, according to the provisions contained in the said Generall surrender. It is alwayes provydit that this act Shall not be preiudiciall to ane act past by this Parliament in favours of the Earle of Lawderdale of the Lordship of Mussilburgh of the date the nynth day of Aprile last [}ACT CONCERNING THE REGISTRATION OF COMPRISEINGS}] OUR SOVERANE LORD with consent of the Estates of Parlia=t= Considering that the Registration of appriseings wes only established by ane act of Secreit Councill and never authorized by any law or act of Parliament, and that the Registration thairof did put the leidges to vnnecessar charges Neither adding to the validitie of the Appriseing nor to the benefite of the comprisers Hath therfor discharged, and by these presents discharges all registration of compriseings, with all gifts, acts of Councill & other warrands and custome whatsomever granted & observed at any tyme heirtofore theranent; And by thir pn~ts Ratifies & Approves the custome observed these many yeers past wherby in place of the said registration, a short record of all compriseings of lands teinds & others and of the comprisers names and designations, the defenders names, the debts for which the compriseing is deduced, the Messingers & Clerks names, the date of the executions, the witnesses names thairto and of the Superiors of whom the comprized lands are holden hath been made in a book by the Clerk of Register & his Deputs at the allowing of the saids appriseings

(for which allowance & recording their is only forty shilling scots to be payd) and which custome is verie vsuall & necessar for information of +te leidges. And therfore his Maiestie with advice & consent forsaid; Ratifies and Approves the forsaid custome And ordaines all compriseings formerlie deduced and not allowed and recorded in maner above written to be brought in to the Clerk of Register & his deputs within three score dayes after publication heirof And all compriseings to be led and deduced heirafter to be brought in to the said Clerk of Register & his deputs within threescore dayes after the date theirof, With certification that if they be not allowed and recorded within the said space Any other compriseing tho posterior in date, yet if it be allowed & recorded befor the prior Compriseing The same shall have preference according to the date of the allowance & Record But preiudice always to any further diligence by infeftment or Charges against the superior According to the priority or posteriority theirof (\prout de jure\) [}ACT CONCERNING HERETABLE & MOVEABLE BANDS}] OUR SOVERANE LORD with advice and consent of his Estates of Parliament for many iust & reasonable causes moveing him Statuts and Ordaines That all contracts and obligations for soums of money payable to parties at any tyme made & dated since the sexteinth day of November 1641 or to be made in tyme comeing Containing clauses for payment of a~rent & proffeit Are and shall be holden and interpret to be moveable bands Except in these caces following viz=t= That they beare ane expresse obleidgement to infeft, Or that they be conceaved in favours of airs & assignayes secludeing exe~rs In either of which caices Ordaines the sums to be heretable & to pertaine to the air, Otherwayes to be confirmed be the executer and to apperteane to the nearest of kin and to the defuncts exe~rs and legators according to the law & practick of moveables Declareing alwayes that all such bonds (\quoad fiscum\) shall remaine in the same condition as they wer before the said sexteinth of November 1641, nor to fall vnder the compasse of single escheat, nor shall any parte thairof perteane to the relict (\jure relictae\) wher the bonds are made to the husband, nor to the husband (\jure mariti\) wher the bonds are made to the wiffe wnlesse the relict or husband have otherwise right & interest therto Declareing nevertheles that this provision shall nowayes preiudge wiffe nor husband and their exe~rs of their respective titles & interests to the bygone a~rents of the saids bands resting befor either of their deaths

[}ACT FOR THE RIGHT PACKING OF SALMOND}] OUR SOVERANE LORD and Estates of Parliament vnderstanding That the Salmond fishings are one of the principall benefits wherby trade is mantained and money brought into the Kingdome And that throw the evill ordering thairof, both in the insufficiency of the barrells and also in the disloyall paking of the same; Not only is the merchants estates damnified therby Bot also the Nation is dishonoured abroad and disappointed of what should returne therby. Thairfore our said Soverane Lord with advice & consent of the saids Estates Ratifies & Approves all & sindrie acts of Parliament lawes and constitutions of this Realme made anent Salmond fishing, and the sufficiency of the barrells and loyall paking thairof With this addition That the whole Coupers within this Kingdome, make the said Salmond barrells of good & sufficient new knappell, for which they shall be ansuerable, without worme holls and white wood, and of sufficient tichtnesse for containing the pickle, and sufficient tichtnesse for endureing all kynd of stresse in the handling; And that the barrells containe no lesse then ten gallons of the Stirling pynt (conforme to ane act of his Maiesties Councill of the date at Holyrudehouse the fifteinth day of July 1619 yeers Which his Maiestie with consent forsaid Ratifies and Approves in all the heids clauses & articles therof) wnder the paine of fyve pund to be payd by the Couper for each insufficient barrell & escheat of the said barrell And that the same be well pinned in the pickle before the packing; And thairafter the said barrells to be well tichted and double girthed before the transporting thairof to forrane Nations. And that no barrell be sooner made and bloune but the Coupers birne be set theron, on the tapon staff thairof in testimony of the sufficiency of the tree And that every Couper be answerable & lyable in payment of such losse as happen to be laid on the fish at the mercat, if it be fund to be in the default of the Couper by the insufficiency of the tree or packing or any other meanes in the Coupers default And that they keep right gage both in the lenth of the staves, the bilge girth, the widenesse of the head & deapnesse of the Chine, the barrell being made, marked and thrice gene in the paking shall be marked with the marking yron vnder a verie particular merchant marke as vse is And that no burgh or any other tradeing with salmond Shall presume to counterfit the mark or birne of any other trade vnder the paine of confiscation of the salmond by & attour the punishment of the parties Counterfitters, at the pleasure of the Judge ordinare, and the one halff of the said paine to pertaine to his Maiestie, and the other halff to the burgh so wronged And ordaines the Magistrats within burgh to put this act to execution.

[}ACT AGAINST CLANDESTINE & VNLAWFULL MARRIAGES}] OUR SOVERANE LORD and the Estates of this present Parlia=t= Considering how necessarie it is that no mariage be celebrate but according to the lawdable order & constitution of this Kirk, and by such persones as are by the Authority of this Kirk warranted to celebrate the same And that notwithstanding therof sindrie either out of disaffection to the Religion presentlie professed within this Kingdome, or being desireous to eschew the censures of this Kirk, or to satisfie their promeise of mariage formerlie made to others, or to decline the concurrence and consent of their parents, or others haveing interest or out of some other vnlawfull pretext Doe procure themselffs to be married and are married either in a clandestine way, contrary to the established order of the Kirk, or by Jesuits, Preists, deposed or suspended Ministers or any others not authorized by this Kirk Thairfor his Maiestie with advice of his saids Estates Statuts and ordaines that whatsoever persone or persones shall heirafter marie or procure themselffs to be married in a clandestine and inorderly way, or by Jesuits, Preists, or any others not authorized by this Kirk, That they shall be imprissoned for three moneths, and beside their said imprissonment shall pay each Nobleman one thousand pund scots; each barron and landed gentleman one thousand merks; each Gentleman & Burges fyve hundreth punds; each other persone one hundreth merks And that they shall remaine in prisson ay and whill they make payment of these respective penalties abovementioned, which are heirby ordained to be applyed to pious vses within the severall paroches wher the saids persones duells And that the Celebrator of such marriages be banished the Kingdome never to returne therin vnder the paine of death Lykas his Maiestie with advice forsaid Prohibits and discharges all men and women haveing both thair ordinar residence within this Kingdome to get mariage to themselffs with others within the Kingdome of England or Ireland without proclamation of Banns heir in Scotland, and against the order and constitution of this Church or Kingdome vnder the paines following vi~z for each Nobleman so maried one thousand punds; for each landed Gentleman one thousand merks, for each burgesse fyve hundreth punds, and for each other substantious persone fyve hundreth m~k~, for ane yeoman one hundreth punds, for each persone of inferior qualitie one hundreth merks, The one halff of the which penalties shall belong to the Kings Maiestie, the other to the paroche, or paroches wher the maried parties did reside And ordaines his Maiesties Advocat and the Procurator of the kirk to persue befor the Civile Judge the parties contraveeners of this act or either parte therof for payment of the penalties respective abovementioned

And in caice of the poore condition of any man married in maner forsaid Ordaines him to be punished with stocks and yrons Which paines corporall and pecuniall shall nowayes be prejudiciall to or derogate from the Order and censures of the kirke to be inflicted against the delinquents [}ACT ANENT THE REDEMPTION OF THE FEE OF LANDS GRANTED UNDER REVERSION FROM THE AIRES & ASIGNAYES OF THE FIARS}] OUR SOVERANE LORD Considering that infeftments of fie hes been in vse to be and are daylie granted be Parents and others to their eldest sonnes and other neir relations Reserving their oune lyverents & vnder reversion and with power to them and thair assignayes to redeeme the lands and others contained in the saids infeftments from the saids persones to whom the fie is granted at any tyme dureing the life tyme of the granters for payment of a rose noble or some such lyk soume, And sometymes through the informality & vnskilfulnes of Notters and others Writters of such writts & rights, mention is not made in the said reversions of the airs & assignayes of the receavers of the saids rights And that they should be redeemable from them and their forsaids Thairfor his Maiestie with advice & consent of the Estates of Parliament for removeing and preveening all questions that hes been or may arise vpon the occasion forsaid Doe Declare Statute & Ordaine That in all caces wher any infeftment of fie hes been alreadie granted or shall be granted at any tyme heirafter beirand or affected with a reversion clause provision or condition of reversion, and power to any persone & his Assignayes dureing his lifetyme to redeeme from the persones to whom the fie is granted It wes and shall be lawfull to the said persone & his Assignayes dureing the tyme forsaid to redeeme the lands and others contained in the saids fie infeftments Not only from the said fiar himselff but from his aires & assignayes tho they be not exprest Wnlesse it be expreslie provydit that it shall be lawfull only to redeeme from the fiar himselff & not from his aires And it is ordained that in all such caces the Lords of session and other Judges shall proceid and determine conforme to thir presents. [}ACT RESCINDING THE PRETENDED FORFALTOUR OF S=R= ROBERT SPOTISWOOD OF NEWABBAY}] THE KINGS MAJESTIE takeing to his consideration the many good & faithfull services done to his Maiesties Royall goods~=r= and father of ever blessed memorie by the deceast Sir Robert Spotiswood of

Newabbay in his employments as one of the Secreit Councill as Lord of the Sessioun and thairafter president thairof and lastly as Secretary for Scotland to his Maiesties said Royall father And that the said Sir Robert Spotswood for his loyaltie and faithfulnes being forced to flie out of this Kingdome Did amidst all the confusions in England constantlie attend vpon his Maiesties Royall fathers persone in the greatest difficulties And being therafter sent into Scotland by his Maiesties said Royall fathers speciall co~mand with a co~mission direct to the late Marques of Montrose Did performe his royall co~mands in the tymes of greatest danger hazarding his liffe and fortune and leaveing all to the mercy of his enemyes ffor the which his faithfull service he wes forfalted and inhumanelie murdered And his Maiestie conceaveing himselff bound in honour & conscience to have regaird to the sufferings of the said Sir Robert Doth therfor with advice & consent of his estates of Parliament Rescind Retreat & Annull all and whatsoever sentences of forfaltour given against the said S=r= Robert in the yeer 1646 with all acts interloquiturs sentences or decreits of Parliament or Co~mittie of Estates or any other Judicatorie any way relateing therto And declares the same to have been from the begining and to be now & in all tyme comeing null & of no availl force nor effect To the end that M=r= Alexander Spotswood eldest sonne to the said deceast Sir Robert and all others his aires and exe~rs may enioy brooke and possesse all and whatsomever lands [{hereditaments possessions goods geir and vthers q=t=soever{] perteaning or belonging or which may be knoune to have perteaned and belonged to the said deceast Sir Robert or any other his predicesso=rs= And that the said M=r= Alex=r= Spotiswood or any others the aires or exe~rs of the said Sir Robert or his predicesso=r=~ may be served and retoured aires of lyne maill or tail+gie rex~tive and may be infeft as airs rex~tive forsaids and that they may be confirmed exe~rs to them Siclyk as if the said forfaltour had never been And this present act to be valide any act or statute to the contrarie notwithstanding. [}ACT RESCINDING THE PRETENDED FORFALTOUR OF COLLONELL M=C=GILLESPICK & ARCHIBALD M=C=DONNELL OF COLINSAY HIS SON}] OUR SOVERANE LORD Takeing to consideration That Archibald M=c=Donnell of the yles of Colinsay & Ornsay wes killed in his Maiesties service And that Collonell M=c=gillespick his father wes put to ane violent death at Dunstaffnage for his faithfull and constant adherence vnto and serveing of his Maiesties dearest father of glorious memorie in those late troubles And that the said deceast Collonell M=c=gillespick and the said deceast Archibald M=c=Donnald his sonne were forfalted at the least dispossest of their whole estate in the yeer 164 [^BLANK^] for their good & faithfull service done to their dread

Soverane by ioyneing & concuring in armes with the Marques of Montrose for asserting his Maiesties iust Authority & opposeing the enemies and invaders therof Which estate hath ever since the decease of the said Collonell M=c=gillespick & Archibald M=c=Donnald his sonne who wer put to death & killed in a~no 16 [^BLANK^] Been brooked & enioyed be the Marques of Argyle & John M=c=alaster roy or others to whom they have disposed the same By which and their debarring of Sara M=c=Donnell only lawfull daughter & appearand air to the said deceast Archibald M=c=Donnell and oy and appearand air to the said Collonell M=c=gillespick from the said estate ever since their decease, and her suffering therby She hath been redacted to great extremities & hardship and as yet continewes so And his Maiestie being sensible therof and how far it doth concerne his honor That all and everie such decreit & sentence of fforfaltour pronunced by Parlia=t= Convention Co~mittie of Estates or Justice Court and all acts interloquiturs and others relateing thairto preceiding the date heirof Be reduced as vnwarrantablie and illegallie pronunced vpon most vniust grounds And that the said Sara M=c=Donnell as only daughter and appeirand air to her said father and oy & appearand air to her said Grandfather Be reponed & possest to the said Estate & yles of Colonsay & Ornsay with the pertinents Notwithstanding of any such sentence decreit or interloquitur as said is. Thairfor his Maiestie with advice & consent of his Estates of Parliament Cassis Annulls Declares & Decernes all & everie such sentenc or decreit of fforfaltour pronunced by parliament Convention Co~mittee of Estates or Justice Court and all acts interloquiturs or others relateing therto against the said Collonell M=c=gillespick & Archibald M=c=Donnell his sonne, and all acts & deids done and past thervpon in preiudice of the said Sara M=c=Donnald their appearand air preceiding the date heirof To have been from the begining To be now and in all tyme comeing null voyd & of no strenth force nor effect As if the same had never been pronunced And that it shall be lawfull to the said Sara Mackdonnell to serve her selff & enter air to the said deceast Archibald M=c=Donnell her father or the said Collonell M=c=gillespick her grandfather or any of her predicessours in the said Estate or any other estate wherin they or any of them died infeft And to brooke & enioy all freedomes & im~unities as if the said sentences or acts had never been pronunced or made And to enter to the peaceable possession of the said estate im~ediatly but any let obstacle or gainsaying. [}ACT RESCINDING THE PRETENDED FORFALTOUR OF ARCHIBALD M=C=DONELL OF SANDY}] OUR SOVERANE LORD Takeing to consideration That Archibald M=c=Donnell of Sandy wes violently put to death at Dunnavertie for his faithfull

and constant adherence to and serveing of his Maiesties dearest father of glorious memorie dureing the late troubles And that [^BLANK^] M=c=Donnell his sonne did faithfullie serve his Maiestie by ioyneing and concurring in armes with the Marques of Montrose for asserting his Maiesties iust Authority and opposeing the enemies and invaders thairof And that the said Archibald M=c=Donnell and [^BLANK^] M=c=Donnell his sonne were forfalted At the least dispossest of their whole estate in the yeer 164 [^BLANK^] for their good & faithfull service done to their dread Soverane Which estate hath ever since the decease of the said wmq=ll~= Archibald M=c=Donnell who wes put to death in a~no 16 [^BLANK^] Been brooked and enioyed be the Marques of Argyll and Alexander M=c=naughtoun of Dundraw, or others to whom they have disposed or set the same By which and thair debarring of Christian Stewart relict of the said wmq=ll~= Archibald M=c=Donnell from her lyverent of so much of the said estate As she stands infeft in And by debarring of Ronnald M=c=Donnell sonne to the said [^BLANK^] M=c=Donnell and oy and appearand air to the said deceast Archibald M=c=Donnell from the possession of the remanent of the said Estate wherin the said Christian is not infeft since their deceases And therby have been reduced to great extremities and hardships, and as yet continewes so And his Maiestie being sensible therof and how far it doth concerne his Maiesties honour That all and everie such decreit & sentence of forfaltour pronunced by Parlia=t= Convention Co~mittie of Estates or Justice Courts and all acts interloquitors or others relateing therto preceiding the date heirof Be reduced as vnwarrantablie and illegallie pronunced vpon most vniust grounds And that the said Christiane Stewart relict of the said wmq=ll~= Archibald M=c=Donnell and the said Ronnald M=c= Donnald his oy and appearand air be reponed and possest in the said estate Conforme to their respective rights thairof Notwithstanding any such sentence decreit or interloquitur as said is. Thairfor his Maiestie with advice and consent of his Estates of Parliament Cassis An~ulls Declares and Decernes all and everie such sentence or decreit of fforfaltour pronunced by Parliament Convention Co~mittie of estates or Justice Court and all acts interloquitors and others relateing therto Against the said deceast Archibald & [^BLANK^] M=c= Donnells or any deid done in preiudice of the said Christian Stewart or Ronald M=c= Donnell preceiding the date heirof To have been from the begining to be now and in all tyme comeing null voyd and of no strength force nor effect As if the same had never been pronunced And that it shall be lawfull to the said Christian Stewart relict of the said deceast Archibald M=c= Donnell presentlie to enter to the peaceable possession of so much of the said Estate as she stands infeft in And that it shall also be lawfull to the said Ronnald M=c= Donnell to serve himselff air to the said deceast Archibald M=c= Donnell

his goods~=r= or to the said [^BLANK^] M=c= Donnell his father, or any of his predicesso=rs= in the said estate or any other estate wherin they or any of them died infeft And to enter presentlie to the possession of the same and brooke and enioy all freedomes priveledges and im~unities therto belonging As if the said sentence or acts had never been pronunced or made But any stop or gainsaying.

[}ACT FOR THE COYNING OF COPPER MONEY}] AT EDINBURGH the tuelff of Junii 1661 OUR Soverane Lord with advice of the Estates of Parliament now presentlie conveened by his Maiesties speciall Authority Considering how necesser and expedient copper money is for makeing of change and supplieing the poore of this Kingdome Orders and Co~mands Charles Maitland of Haltoun Generall of his Maiesties Mint heer in Scotland and Sir Johne ffalconer Master of the Con+giehouse joyntlie & equallie to coyne or cause to be coyned in Turners Three thousand stane weight of good poore copper (which is to be provyded and furnished be the saids Officers equallie betuix them) without any mixtour of brasse And the said turners to be of the same intrinsick value the last iurney of turners wes vi~z Each turner weightand ane drop and ane halff (four graines lesse) of Trois weight Which is to be vnderstood wher one turner is four graines lesse ane other turner may be four grains more and on the contrare And that the said three thousand stane weight of copper be coyned at the rex~tive tymes following vi~z Tuo thousand stane weight of the said copper to be coyned within the space of three yeers after the date heirof And the thrid thousand stane to be coyned within such tyme & space after the expiration of the saids three yeers appointed for coyning of the said tuo thousand stane As the Lords of his Maiesties Secret Councill shall judge the same to be meit & necesser which his Maiestie with advice forsaid Recommends to the saids Lords with the impression & circumscription to be stamped vpon the saids haill Turners to be coyned Which impression & circumscription to be stamped vpon the saids haill Turners Ordaines and appoints to be as the saids Lords of his Ma~ties secreit Councill shall resolve theranent And siclyk his Maiestie with advice forsaid Recommends to the saids Lords of Secret Councill that howsoone they shall be informed by the saids officers of the Mint of the vpsetting of the Minthouse That they Forthwith therafter issue forth ane proclamation not only prohibiteing & dischargeing the importing of all forrane Copper coyne vnder the paine of confiscation therof But also the passing of the same after the date of the said Proclamation And inrespect the said copper is to be imployed in his Maiesties coyne heir in Scotland

and to be imported from England or ffrance or from any place beyond Seas Thairfor his Maiestie with advice forsaid Statuts & ordaines that the said quantitie of copper to be coyned at the rex~tive tymes aforsaid be free of all custome excise or other burden whatsumever And for that effect Discharges all fermoures or customers to exact or demand any custome excise or other burden whatsumever for the said copper As they will answeir vpon their perrill. [}ACT FOR PROVYDEING A STOCK FOR THE MINTHOUSE}] AT EDINBURGH the tuelff day of Junii One thousand Six hundreth threscore one yeers OUR Soverane Lord with advice of the Estates of Parliament now presentlie conveened by his Maiesties speciall Authority Considering how necesser and expedient it is That ther be a stock provyded for his Maiesties Minthouse heere in Scotland Enacts Statuts and ordaines That Charles Maitland of Haltoun Generall of his Maiesties Mint and Sir Johne ffalconer M=r= Coyner (and all other their successo=rs= in their respective Offices) equallie betuixt them be their oune moyen and vpon their oune credite Provyde ane stock of tuentie thousand merks scots money, and that the a~rent therof be payed yeerly to them be the Lords of his Maiesties Exchequer Ther not being so much proffeit of money coyned be them (for which they are to compt to the saids Lords of his Maiesties Exchequer) to defray and releive them off the said a~rent Out of the which proffeit, the dueties due to the saids Officers & wages due to the workmen & others vnder officers is first to be deduced And that the said quantitie of Stock shall be vpholden constantly be the saids Officers of the said Mint and Minthouse the tyme of the exercise of their respective Offices And that at either of their removealls or both, they take payment of their respective proportions severally or ioyntlie as shall be resolved on be both the saids officers or partie removed or persons representing him or them As also considering how much the con+gieing of the gold or silver oore digged & fund heer in Scotland would contribute and tend to the increase of his Maiesties coyne in Scotland Advancement of Trade & honor & Credite of the Kingdome Thairfor it is Statute and ordained That all silver & gold oore & mettall after the same is refyned that shall happin to be fund & digged heer in Scotland be con+gied within the said Minthouse And that none persume to transport the same furth of the Kingdome vnder the paine of confiscation thairof and punishing of the transporters conforme to the paines set doun in preceiding acts of Parliament made against transporters of money out of the Kingdome Lykas his Maiestie with advice forsaid Statutes and Ordaines That the saids officers of the Mynt pay and delyver to the

ouners & inbringers of the said gold & silver mettall for ilk ounce of gold of tuentie four carretts fyne (and being baser to be considered be weight & reckoning) one ounce of coyned gold of his Maiesties coyne of tuentie tuo carrets fyne being his Maiesties standard of gold And siclyk for each ounce of silver mettall of tuelve deneir fyne (and being baser to be considered by weight & reckoning) one vnce of coyned silver of eleven deneir fyne being his Maiesties standard of silver And to the effect the saids officers of the Mynt may be warranded what species of money to coyne and what impression & circumscription to stamp vpon the same Thairfor his Maiestie with advice forsaid Statuts & ordaines the species afterfollowing to be con+gied vi~z one pennie of silver of the value of four merks and another pennie of silver of the value of tuo merks, And another pennie of silver of the value of one merk, [{And another penny of silver of the value of halfe ane marke{] and another pennie of silver of the value of fourtie pennies all scots money And as to the impression & circumscription to be stamped vpon the aforsaid rex~tive pennies of silver His Maiestie with advice forsaid Remits the same to be considered & ordered be the Lords of his Maiesties Secret Councill which is declared to be als valeid & sufficient as if the same had been done be his Maiestie & Estates of Parlia=t= now conveened. [}ACT ESTABLISHING COMPANIES & SOCIETIES FOR MAKEING LINING CLOTH STUFFS &C.}] OURE SOVERANE LORD Considering that all the lawdable lawes and Statuts made be his Maiesties Ancestors anent Manufactories for inriching of his Maiesties antient kingdome putting of poore children ydle persons and vagabounds to work for the mantenance & releiff of the Cuntrie of the burden of such vnproffitable persones, have been hitherto rendered ineffectuall And that many good spirites haveing aimed at the publict good, have for want of sufficient stocks councill & assistance been crushed by such vndertakeings Doe conceave it necessar to create & erect companies and societies for manufactories That what wes above the capacity of single persones may be caried on by the joynt assistance Councill & means of many And therfor his Maiestie with advice & consent of his Estats of Parliament Doth establish particular societies & companies in the persones of such as shall enter themselffs in the said societies within any Shire or burgh one or moe of this Kingdome, and after their decease in the persons of their successo=rs= (it being alwayes declared heirby that not any of them shall be represented but by one persone allenerlie) or any other who shall lift & enter themselffs therin betuixt & the [^BLANK^] day of [^BLANK^] as the # first moderne societies & companies for makeing of lining cloath worstead stockings searges baises sayes, cottons, sempeternums, castilians, perpetuanaes and

all other wollen stuffs and cloath; And for their encouragement and good of his hienes Kingdome His Maiestie with advice and consent forsaid Prohibites and discharges any of his Maiesties leidges to carie & transport into Spain Portugall Biscay Russia ffrance or any place beyond seas any lining cloath bases says cottons, sempeternums castilians perpetuanaes or any other wollen stuffs or cloths except they be frie and of one of the societies forsaid; And it is heirby declared that all materialls imported for the vse of the said manufactories; and that all the saids stuffs or cloaths exported by the said Companie shall be frie of all custome excise or any other imposition whatsoever for the space of nyntein yeers after the [^BLANK^] day of [^BLANK^] all other merchants not frie in one or other of the saids companies paying the vsuall customes excise or any other impositions for any of the saids co~modities exported by them As also his Maiestie with advice forsaid for the good & encouradgement of those who shall enter themselffs in the saids companies Doth discharge the saids companies rex~tive wherever the same shall be erected to receave any within the same except these who shall contribute and bring in to make vp a stock to the saids manufactories the sume of fyve hundreth merks scots, and doth grant libertie to the saids members of the saids societies rex~tive to choise and elect a certane number of their oune incorporation & societie to be a councill for makeing of lawes for the better regulateing & ordering of the said company and manufactorie and things belonging therto Provyding alwayes that no person elected have lesse of stock in the said companie or societie nor one thousand merks scots money. And that this pious charitable & proffitable designe may be no longer frustrat, nor poore childreen, vagabounds or idle persons continew to be burdensome to their Cuntrie It is Statute & ordained That ther be in each paroche one or moe persons provided & appointed vpon the charges & expences of the heritors thairof for instructing of the poore childreen vagabounds and other idlers to fine and mix wooll spin worstead & knit stockings And for the more speedie perfecting of the lawdable designe and policie so much aimed at by his Maiesties Royal predicesso=rs=, and now prosecute by his Maiestie in his prudence and condescending care for the meanest of his subiects It is Statute and ordained that within [^BLANK^] moneths after the dissolveing of this pn~t Parlia=t= The Co~missioners of Shyres doe conveen the whole heritors within their respective shires for electing of some of the heritors within each paroche to sie this present act made effectuall and persones appointed for instructing of the childreen and others forsaid to fyne & mixe wooll, knit stockings, & spin worstead and to sie a mantenance satled in everie paroche vpon the saids instructors And within the space of [^BLANK^] next after the said first meiting That they convocat the persones elected within the severall paroches of the

respective Shires to take ane accompt of them & of their care & diligence in the matters aforesaid; And in caice they shall be fund to have failled +t=r=in, That the saids Commissioners now attending this present Parliament doe sie this present act put in execution after the tyme forsaid in all the saids paroches wher the saids persons elected shall be found to have been deficient And ordaines Magistrats of burghs to be carefull that the same be made effectuall within their burghes and liberties. And in caice all or any of the saids Co~missioners or Magistrats aforesaid doe faill heirin after the forsaid tyme His Ma~tie with advice and consent of the Estates aforesaid Doth co~mit the care heirof to the Lords of his Maiesties secret Councill that the lawes may be no longer frustrat nor the Kingdome burdened with idle persones vagabounds or poore childreen And that manufactories may be promoved And for the encourageing of skillfull artizans to come from abroad for traneing vp the persones forsaids & workeing for the vse of the saids companies It is heirby declared that all such as shall be brought home & imployed for the saids companies Shall be frie to set vp & worke in burgh & landward wher the companies shall think fit without payeing any thing whatsoever to any persone or persones vnder whatsoever culour or pretext for their freedome, and shall be frie of taxes publict burdings or exactions dureing their lifetyme Notwithstanding of any law statute priveledge or indulgence made or granted in the contrair be his Maiestie or any of his predicessours in favours of any Co~mittie or incorporation whatsoever which are all heirby cassed rescinded & declared voyd & null in so far as they may be conceaved to derogate from the priveledges and im~unities granted by this pn~t act in favours of tradsmen natives or strangers belonging to or brought home by the saids companies for workeing in the sd~s manufactories And to the end that the forsaids stuffs & cloaths may be more vsefull at home and have the better vent abroad His Maiestie with advice forsaid doth prohibite & discharge any weaver belonging to the saids companies or private tradsman to make any searges vnder the breadth of an ell & a naill perpetuanaes & sempiternums vnder the breadth of three quarters and a halff nor no wollen cloath vnder ane ell and ane halff broad; Wnder the paine of tuentie punds to be payd by the weiver thairof, and the saids stuffs and cloaths to be confiscat, the one halff to his Maiesties vse and the other halffe to the vse of the discoverers therof. ffurther his Ma~tie with advice forsaid for encouragement of these who shall enter into the saids companies or manufactories Doth grant to ilk one of the saids companies all the priveledges & im~unities that are or shall be heirafter by the Kings Maiestie indulged to the companies or societies of fishers as if the same wer heirin exprest Wheranent his Maiestie with consent forsaid hath dispensed and heirby dispenses forever

[}ACT DISCHARGEING THE EXPORTATION OF LINING YEARNE & REGULATEING THE BREADTH OF LINING CLOATH &C.}] OUR SOVERANE LORD Conceaveing it necessary for the good and wellbeing of his Maiesties Subiects to project and endeavour the improvement of all the native co~modities of this his Maiesties antient Kingdome and to make lawes and ordinances for eveiting and preventing of all fraud and deceit vsed heirtofore in makeing sale of the saids Co~modities And considering that it would tend more to the advantage of his Maiesties subiects and promoveing of manufactories To restraine the libertie that merchants have taken to export lining yearn [{one of the choicest co~modities of this his Majesties auncient Kingdome{] then still to suffer them to carie the same into other places and Kingdomes. Thairfor his Maiestie with advice and consent of his Estates of Parliament Discharges any merchant or others whatsoever to transport out of this Kingdome any lining yearne vnder the paine of confiscation of the same The one halffe to his Maiesties vse and the other halff to the vse of the attatcher & apprehender of the said Yearn And Statuts and Ordaines that all yearne be sold be weight And that no reill be made vse of within this Kingdome vnder the measure & lenth of ten quarters and that vnder paine of confiscation of any yearn brought to the mercat of a shorter reill the one halff to his Maiesties vse, and the other halffe to the vse of the dilaters and apprehenders of the said yearn. And also his Maiestie considering that lining cloath is one of the most vsefull co~modities of the product of this Kingdome wherby much money in antient tymes wes brought home; And that now to the great preiudice of the said Co~moditie the same is brought in contempt abroad and become hardlie vendible throw the deceatfull makeing evill bleitching & vnequall breidth thairof: Thairfor his Maiestie with advice & consent of the saids Estats Doth Discharge and Prohibite all Weavers to make any lining cloath of the price of ten shilling scots the ell or above vnder the breadth of ane ell and tuo inches after the first day of November next to come vnder the paine to be imprisoned for the space of fourtein dayes and of tuentie pund scots to be payed for each fault to Magistrats of burghs Shirreffs of Shires Lords of Regalities and Barrons within their respective bounds, and of the confisca=o=n of the same to the vse of the attatchers and discoverers thairof; And Statuts that all lining cloath be taken vp by the selvage and not by the rig And so to be presented to the mercat, and that all lining cloath be bleitched without lyme vnder the paine of tuentie punds for each fault to be payed to the Magistrats forsaid within their respective bounds. And lastlie it is heirby declared That all flax and lining yearne imported

and all lining cloath exported by such as shall enter into the companies and manufactories for makeing of lining cloath Shall be free of custome and all other imposition for the space of fiftein yeers after the saids manufactories shall be established in the persons of such as shall enter themselffs in the saids companies betuixt and the first day of January next conforme to ane other ordinance of Parliament for establishing the said companies. [}ACT FOR ENCOURAGEING OF SHIPING AND NAVIGATION.}] OUR SOVERANE LORD Considering that the wealth safety and strenth of this his Kingdome are very much concerned in the increase of shiping and encouradgement of trade & navigation, both which are much decayed if not wholly rwined by the late vnhappie wars, and the sad effects that have followed thervpon, And perceaveing the present low condition of trade and the small number of Ships & seamen within this Kingdome Hath thoght expedient out of his Princely zeale for the publict good with advice & consent of his Estates of Parliament now presently conveened to Statute and Ordaine And by these presents Statuts and Ordaines That from & after the [^BLANK^] day of [^BLANK^] and thenceforward no goods nor co~modities whatsoever that are of forrane grouth product or manufactorie which are to be broght into Scotland or any of the yles therto belonging shall be shiped or brought from any other place or places Cuntrie or Cuntries But only from those places wher the saids Co~modities doe grow are produced or made or from the ports wher the saids goods & co~modities co~monly ar or vsually have been first shipped for transportation, and from no other place or Cuntrie, and in no other ships or vessells but such as doe truely & only belong to his said Kingdome; and whairof the Master and three fourt parts of the mariners are natives and inhabitants within the same, Or at least in such ships & vessells as doe truely and only belong vnto, and are of the build of these Kingdomes or Cuntries wher the saids Co~modities doe grow, are made or produced, and whairof the Master and three fourt parts of the mariners are natives and inhabitants within the same. All which is to be verefied and attested vnder the Seale of the City or place from whence they come, & oath of the parties to whom the said ships or vessells doe belong wnder the paine of confiscation of all such goods as shall be imported from any other place or Cuntrie or in any other ship or vessell contrair to the true intent and meaning of this act; As also of the ship in which they shall happin to be imported, with all her guns furniture takle a~munition & appereling the one halff to his Maiestie and the other halff to the vse of those who shall discover the contraveeners of this

present act and persue for the same befor the Lords of his Maiesties exchequer And further it is Statute & ordained by his Maiestie with advice and consent forsaid That all goods or co~modities whatsoever produced or shipped as is above exprest which from & after the said day and thenceforward shall be imported into this Kingdome or any Ilands therto belonging in any ships or vessells that shall not truely and only belong to the Natives and inhabitants thairof (except in English or Irish vessells Provyding alwayes that Scots vessells enioy the lyke benefite of trade within the Kingdomes and dominions of England & Ireland and no otherwayes) Shall be lyable to double custome and pay accordinglie whither the saids goods perteane to natives or aliens. And further it is Statute & Ordained that from and after the said day and thenceforward all goods and co~modities whatsoever belonging to aliens exported or imported in whatsoever ships or vessells whither forrane or scotish shall be lyable to double custome and pay accordingly. And it is further Statute and ordained that from and after the said day and thence fordward, all goods or co~modities whatsoever, exported in any other ships or vessells then such as doe truely and only belong to the natives & inhabitants of this Kingdome shall be lyable to double custome and pay accordingly whither the saids goods apperteane to Natives or aliens. And it is further enacted and ordained by his Maiestie with advice & consent forsaid That at and after the said day and thence fordward all ships & vessells belonging to this Kingdome Shall be navigated only by Scotismen duelling in Scotland at least the master and three fourt parts of the seamen being such, wnder the paine of being esteemed forraigne vessells and paying double custome for all the goods and co~modities imported or exported within the same. And for preventing of all fraud which may be vsed in the buying of forrane ships, It is Statute and ordained by his Maiestie with consent forsaid That from and after the said day No ship whatsoever shall be deemed or passe as a ship belonging to Scotland, or enioy the benefite of such a Ship or vessell vntill such tyme that he or they, clameing the same to be theirs, Shall make appeare to the cheeff Officer or Officers of the Customehous at Leith he or they resideing in any place betuixt Berwick & Stirling on the southside of fforth, and to the cheiff Officer of Officers at Bruntilland he or they resideing in any place betuixt Stirling & ffifeness vpon the north side of fforth And in caice of their aboade in more remote places To the Officer or Officers of the port next to the place of his or their aboad That he or they are not strangers, and shall have taken an oath before such Officer of Officers who are heirby authorized to administer the same, that such ship or vessell wes (\bona fide\) and without fraud bought by him or them for a valuable consideration, expressing the sume tyme place and persones from whom it wes

bought, and who are his partners (if any he have) All which partners shall be lyable to take the said oath befor the cheiff Officer of Officers of the customes rex~tive as said is And that no forraner directlie nor indirectly hath any parte interest or share therin And that vpon such oaths he or they shall receave a certificate vnder the hand or seall of the said cheiff Officer or Officers of the port next the aboad of the persones so makeing oath, Wherby such a ship may for the future passe and be deemed as a ship belonging to the said port and enioy the priveledges of such a ship or vessell And the said Officer or Officers shall keep a register of all such certificats as he or they shall so give, and returne a duplicate therof to the Cheeff Officers of the Customes at Leith, for such as shall be granted in all the other ports of this Kingdome, Together with the names of the persone or persones from whom such ships wer bought, and the sume of money which wes payd for the same; As also the names of all such persones as are partners if any such be; And it is further enacted be his Maiestie with consent forsaid That if any Officer of the Customes Shall from and after the said day allow to any forrane ship or vessell the priveledges due to a Scots ship till such certificat be by them produced, or such prooff & oath taken befor them Or such as they shall appoint to receave the same And to examine whither the Master and three fourt parts of the mariners at least be Natives and inhabitants within this Kingdome That for the first offence such officer or officers shall be put out of their offices or places And it is further Statute and Ordained that no merchants belonging to this Kingdome shall imploy any alien or persone not borne within this Nation or naturalized or made a frie Denizen therof from and after the said day as factor in any place beyond seas for the vse and accompt of the merchants of this Kingdome wnder paine of a pecuniary mulct, to be payed by him or them that shall imploy him Which sume shall be imposed at the discretion of the Councill of trade The one halff thairof to his Maiestie & his successo=rs= and the other halff to him or them that shall informe & pursue for the same. It is alwayes heirby provydit that this act nor any clause thairincontained extend not to or be meaned to restraine or prohibite the importation of any of the co~modities of Asia Africa or America, as also of the co~modities of Musco and Italie from such ports and places and in such ships & vessells as may be gotten most conveniently wntill such time as the merchants of this Kingdome have actuall trade to these respective places; and that the same be prohibited be act of Parliament Privy Councill or Councill of Trade. It is heirby declared That it shall be lawfull to import any sort of cornes in tyme of dearth from any place or places in any ship or vessell whatsoever without being lyable to confiscation double custome or any other penaltie contained in this present act;

The dearth & necessity of import being alwayes congnosced & declared by a publict act of the Privy Councill or Councill of Trade [}ACT DISCHARGEING THE EXPORTATION OF SKINES HYDS &C.}] THE Kings Maiestie Considering how necesser it is that all former lawes for improveing of native Co~modities be revived And vnderstanding That the Deacons and remanent tradsmen of the Skinners have vpon their oune charges brought from forrane places perfumers makers and preparers of lether, by whose pains & arte the Kingdome may be furnished with gloves at easier rates and able to furnish other Nations abroad with made worke Doth therfor with advice & consent of the Estates of Parliament Ratifie & Approve the 178 act of the 13 Par: of K: Ja: 6: of blessed memorie, dischargeing the exportation of skins and others thairin contained And ordaines the same to be put to execution conforme to the tenor thairof in all points, And also considering how vsefull goat skins, hart, Deer & other wilde beasts skins might be, if they wer prepared and improven by Skinners within the Kingdome His Maiestie Doth therfor with advice forsaid Discharge all Merchants tradsmen and others to transport any calff skin kid skin hudderon or shorling skins or any goat skins hart buck deer or any other wilde beasts skins forth of the kingdome vnder paine of confiscation of the same And for the further encouragement of the Skinner trade and manufactorie Licence is heirby given to export gloves made within the Kingdome frie of all custome and excise for the space of Nyntein yeers after the date heirof Reserveing alwayes to the Lord Thesaurer and Co~missioners of Exchequer to give licences for exporting of skins as they shall find cause after one yeer from the date heiroff. [}ACT FOR THE FISHINGS & ERECTING OF COMPANIES FOR PROMOTEING THE SAME.}] OUR SOVERANE LORD Considering the best and readiest means for improveing the benefite and advantages which propperlie belong vnto him by the fishes which are or may be taken within the Seas, Channells firths and loches adiacent and surrounding this his antient Kingdome, And perceaveing the same may be of advantage many wayes especially in that the said trade will not only be a nursery for seafairing men and a speedie occasion of building ships for his Maiesties & his subiects vse both in peace and war; But likewise will set many poore & idle persones awork, and furnish the matterialls of a great native export for the continuall enritching of his Maiesties Kingdomes by a sure fundation of trade & co~merce. ffor which ends

and that the said trade of fishing may be more effectually advanced and promoved within this his Maiesties antient Kingdome His Sacred Maiestie with consent of his Estates now conveened in this present Parliament Hath erected and be the tenor heirof Erects Creats and Establishes particular societies & companies of his Maiesties oune frie borne naturalized inhabitants in Scotland; and of all others who shall be taken and enrolled in any of the same Companies & societies and admitted to the priveledges thairof, and shall enter themselffs in the said Societies within any Shire or Burgh of this said Kingdome one or moe betuixt and the [^BLANK^] day of [^BLANK^] as the first # moderne societies and companies to the effect afterspe~it, Constituteing & createing such persones who shall enter themselffs and their successo=rs= in a bodie and incorporation pollitick to exerce the trade underwr~in. And ordaines that none be accepted therin except he who shall enter the sume of fyve hund=th= merks scots at least of stock in the said societie And wills & grants that whosoever are of the forsaid societies or companies to be constitute their airs of assignayes, Shall enioy the yeerly benefite of the Stock to be given by them, in all tyme after the ingiveing thairof, but to have no power to vplift the stock, except by consent of the company of Councill thairof afterspe~it Granting and Co~mitting Lykas his Maiestie be the tenor heirof Gives grants and Co~mitts to the saids Companies and societies to be constitute, and to all such whom they or their successours shall admit to receave therin full power to take and fish herrings and white fish in all and sundrie seas channells firths rivers floods laiks & lochs in this his Maiesties said antient Kingdome of Scotland and yles thervnto belonging whersoever herring or white fishes may be taken, and to bring in and disburthen the saids herrings and other white fishes to all and sindrie ports, harbours, shoars, and to lay the same on the land and to pikle them with salt, and to dry and load the same in barrells & punshons; and for conservation of the saids herring & fishes to build houses and litle cottages and other things necessarie for the vse of the said fishing trade in whatsoever places shall be convenient vpon the payment of the allowance vnderwr~in vnto the Lord or master of the ground; or otherwise to sell vse and dispose vpon the saids herrings and other fishes to the inhabitants or to keep and conserve the same in their ships & boats, and to make & prepare them therin, and to cary and transport the same to forrane parts beyond seas in Ships and other vessells belonging to them or his Maiesties other Subiects and to sell vse and dispone thervpon to such who shall be in freindship and amitie with his Maiestie & his successours. With power also to the saids companies & societies rex~tive, to elect & make choise of such of their oune number as they shall think fit for makeing & frameing of laws statuts & rules for the right regulateing manageing and carieing on

of the said trade of fishing (the saids lawes being alwayes approven & allowed by the Councill of trade) and to punish transgressours accordingly. And that none be admitted to be councellers of the saids Societies, except such who shall enter of stock the sume of one thousand merks money forsaid And that they be scotsmen or naturalized strangers and residenters within the said Kingdome. And to the which Councill so to be nominate & constitute, the said companies rex~tive shall submit, and to all their acts statuts & rules Especially but preiudice of the generalitie forsaid to the particular rules vnderwr~in To wit first that none after the erecting & setling of the said companie or societie may enter of come in but by consent of the companie or the Councill thairof after the said [^BLANK^] day of [^BLANK^] next Except they be appointed to be enrolled & taken in by the Councill of trade, to whom any persone, incaice of exclusion may make his addresse. Secondlie that the returne from forrane places vpon this stock may be all sold in frie burghs and to frie burgesses within this Kingdome by the saids companies or any of them or their factors without any previous offer to the burgh Provyding they doe not retaill by selling lesse quantities nor fyve tun of wyne or the equivalent in value in other co~modities And if the import & returne shall be of lesse quantities Then and in that cace these co~modities shall only be sold in whole sale without any retaill whatsoever. Thridly that no herring of white fish taken by Scotsmen in the said Kingdome or yles therto belonging be sold fresh or salt to any but to natives, except by the companies rex~tive. And that no stranger vnnaturalized shall have libertie to make and prepare herrings or white fish vpon the land or to make booths for that effect vnder the paine of confiscation of what shall be seized vpon, and the double thairof to be exacted of the Seller, except they be frie of one of the companies forsaid With power also to the said Councill to vse and have a Seale & gadge for ilk companie rex~tive wherwith all their barrells or punshions may be marked, and that ilk barrell of grein fish containe tuelve gallons which is to be the ordinar gage betuixt buyer & seller. And also to make vse of and imploy all & sindrie tollbooths and warding places wher necessity requires for holding of Courts, wardeing or punishing of trangresso=rs=, the burghs being alwayes frie of the charges of the prissoners And further to depute such of their number as they shall think fit concerning all bussinesses and affairs, and to cognosce & determine in all questions & debates relateing to the trade of fishing; And to cause execute such decreits & sentences as shall be pronunced thervpon: And for that effect to make choice of officers & servands and to administer oaths to them and amongst themselves for the goode of the trade; And if neid be with power to the said Councill to designe certane Judges vnder them in convenient places to administer justice in the mater of the trade of fishing allenerlie.

And our said Soverane Lord being most willing to chirish & encourage the forsaids societies and companies in the said trade Hath out of his innate beneficence and Royall bounty Ordained, And by the tenor heirof Decernes & Ordains that salt, cordage, hemp, cork, pitch, tar, clapboard knaple Skew hoops and holland nets imported for the trade of fishing forsaid by the forsd~s companies rex~tive, is and shall be frie of any Custome or other imposition whatsoever And that the herring and white fish taken made or prepared therwith are and shall be frie of any maner of taxation or burden in the exportation of the same. And also that all strangers fishers who shall repair to this his Maiesties antient Kingdome and will come & make their residence within the same shall be naturalized by his Maiestie vpon the desire and application of any of the saids Councills and shall be entered burgesses in any Citie wher they shall reside And shall be freed of all maner of taxation for the space of seven yeers next after their arryveall And further his Maiestie hath released & discharged and by the tenor heirof simpl~r releases and discharges the teind herring & teind fish of all such herring & fish which shall be taken by the boats & fishers of the saids companies rex~tive or such as shall be hired be them in all tyme heirafter. And also exoners and discharges the excise herring due to his Maiestie (except the herring of Dumbar) for all the dayes space yeers & terms of nyne yeers next after the date heirof. And in lykmaner his Ma~tie Declares That all ale, beir, strong waters and other provisions for outreiking of any vessell for the saids fishings of the saids companies, is, and shall be free of all maner of impositions whatsomever Co~manding heirby the Lords and masters of the ground in all places through the said Kingdome wher ther is loch or other fishings, not only to protect mantaine and defend the said Company and society and all masters of ships fishers and others whatsoever goeing about the said trade and belonging to the rex~tive companies of fishing, from all harme trouble or da~mage whatsoever or els to satisfie and resound their losses & da~mage which they shall sustaine vpon their land; but also that they Nor none of them presume nor take vpon hand to exact or levey any more from the saids fishers Merchants or their servants belonging to the saids companies for ground leave but only tuelve shilling scots for everie last And that in full satisfaction of the saturdayes fishing of any maner of dues whatsoever. And for the greater encouragement of merchant fishers, Masters of ships and other vessells and their servants to attend the said trade of fishing, His Maiestie by his Soverane Authority & prerogative Royall, not only by these presents Declares the Ships boats & other vessells with their furniture provyded for, and in exercise of the said trade of fishing nowayes to be arreistable by any Creditor, bot that the same and those that shall serve therin

shall not be pressed to any publict service without his Maiesties particular co~mand. And that the fishers masters & servants in the saids vessells and makers of herring & whyte fish, dureing the whole tyme of the said fishing & their imployment therin shall be frie from all actions, and nowayes conveenable befor any Judge or Judicatorie whatsoever for any cause or causes civill which may be intended against them; But also by the tenor heirof Declares the saids fishers Masters and their servands abovewritten shall be frie of all captions areistments or other attatchments on their persons or against their materialls & instruments of fishing dureing the tyme & season of fishing they being actually serveing therin allenerlie. And further that none who shall be vpon the Councill or any of the Societies of trade forsaid shall be lyable to Cess, stents or taxations for what stock they have entered or shall enter in the saids companies or societies rex~tive or for the benefite and proffite ariseing therby in tyme comeing. And it is heirby declared that it shall be licent to any of the Councill or societies of the said trade of fishing respective for the good thairof to duell and reside in any parte or place of this said Kingdome albeit they be burgesses in any burgh royall, and not therby losse their freedome notwithstanding of any act or acts in the contrare And in lykmaner it is heirby declared that no persone or persones shall have libertie to export herring or fish nor vse or have the priveledges liberties and im~unities abovewr~in but those that shall enter themselffs & be frie in one or other of the saids companies & societies And finally it is heirby Statute & ordained that those in the severall shires & burghs of this Kingdome who shall enter in the saids companies & societies conforme to the tenor of this pn~t act Shall give an accompt thairof to the Parliament or his Maiesties privy Councill for the tyme within [^BLANK^] after the erection thairof that the same may be recorded (\ad futuram rei memoriam\) . [}ACT FOR ERECTING MANUFACTORIES.}] OUR SOVERANE LORD Considering how many great advantages this Kingdome and the subiects thairof may have by the erecting cherishing & mantaining of manufactories therby keeping in the Cuntrie great sumes of money dayly exported by bringing in such co~modities as may be made at home and bringing in money for such co~modities as may be made and wroght within the same, and exported to forrane Nations, Besids that therby many poore people & idle persones & vagabounds will be set at work and intertained Wherby vertew will be increased and idleset crubed & restrained And that vpon this account and for this end severall acts have been past by his Maiesties royall predicesso=rs= in their Parliaments conventions & councills And espe~ally the 113 act of the 7 Par.

& the 250 & 252 acts of the 15 Par. of K. James the 6 And acts of Councill in the yeers 1600. 1601. 1612. 1614. 1616. 1620. 1623 And acts of Convention 1625 & 1626. yeers. And his Maiestie being resolved to prosecute what hath been formerly intendit and to give such new encouragements as is necessary for advanceing of manufactories; Hath therfor thought fit with advice & consent of the Estates of Parliament heirby to grant to all such persones as have or shall vndertake to set vp any manufactories the priveledges following vi~z If any stranger shall come or be brought into this Kingdome by Natives to set vp work and teach his arte in makeing cloath stuffs stockings soap or any other kynd of manufactorie, he shall enioy the benefite of the law & all other priveledges that a native doth enioy With power to erect manufactories either in burgh or landward as they shall think fit And ther to duell and exerce their trade without any stop or trouble: And for their further encouragement Declares all oyll, dying stuffs forrane wooll pottashes or any other materialls whatsoever vsefull for manufactories that shall be imported to be frie of custome Excise and other publict dues, And that all cloath, stuffs stockings or any other co~modity to be made and exported by them be frie of custome and excise for nyntein yeers after January 1662 yeers And if any stock shall be imployed for erecting or intertaining of any manufactories of any kind The same is to be frie of all publict and private taxes whatsoever Lykas all Customers Collectors fermerers of customes or excise and others are heirby discharged to demand any Custome excise or any other imposition whatsoever for such materialls befor mentioned and belonging to manufactories As they will be ansuerable. And inregaird of the great preiudice to the Kingdome by exportation of wooll, and skins and wooll vpon them, and of other native co~modities & materialls fit for manufactories; Thairfor his Maiestie with advice forsaid Doth heirby discharge all and everie persone whatsoever native or stranger to export out of this Kingdome any wooll or skins with wooll vpon them or skins of any kynd or any materialls vsefull for manufactories vntill they be made in work or put to the best availl for the good of the Kingdome; Certifieing such as doe in the contrare they shall forfeit such wooll skins and other materialls or the just value therof the one halff to his Maiestie and the other halff to the informer who shall discover apprehend and prosecute the same before his Maiesties Exchequer; besides that the persones & estates of such contraveeners shall be lyable to such punishment & fyne for the same as his Maiesties Exchequer shall appoint; And also his Ma~tie with advice forsaid Discharges all regraters and forestallers of mercats of wooll And that no merchant or persone whatsoever buy & keep vp wooll to a dearth bot that they bring the same to be sold in open mercats vnder the paines

contained in the acts of Parliament made against regraiters & forestallers And inregaird ther is much deceat by wrapping vp of wooll in the fleice by putting stones sand and other insufficient stuff in the same It is heirby declared that all such wooll shall be confiscat, the one halff to his Maiesties vse and the other halffe to the vse of those who shall apprehend discover & persue the same. Lykas his Maiestie for the further encouragement of the saids manufactories Doth with advice forsaid discharge all quarterings or leveying of souldiers vpon manufactories of the masters therof And that no persone whatsoever intyse resset or interteane any of the servants or apprentises of the manufactories without consent of their master vnder the paines contained in the acts of Parliament against coallhewers salters & their resetters. And for the further improveing of the saids manufactories his Maiestie with consent forsaid Doth heirby impower the Masters erectors or interteaners of manufactories to meit by themselffs for makeing of ordinances for the good & advancement of their trade for the right ordering of their servants and for the sufficiency of their stuffs cloath and others; and choise one of the most expert of their number for visiteing of their work, That a mark or seall may be put vpon it distinguishing what is sufficient & what not. And because many things may occur heirafter which may be necessary for advancement of manufactories Thairfor his Maiestie with consent forsaid Doth impower the Lords of his Maiesties Privy Councill or Exchequer or such as shall be appointed by his Maiestie dureing this pn~t Parlia=t=, or therafter To consider such overtures as shall be offered for the good of manufactories And to make such orders and grant such further liberties and priveledges to them as they shall think iust. It is alwayes declared that it shall be frie & lawfull to his Maiesties Thesaurer and Co~missioners of Exchequer as they shall find cause to grant licence for exporteing of wooll & skins any thing in this act to the contrarie notwithstanding [}ACT FOR THE DUE OBSERVATION OF THE SABBOTH DAY}] THE Kings Maiestie Considering how much it concernes the honour of God that the Sabboth day be duelie observed and all abuses thairof restrained, and that notwithstanding of severall acts of Parliament made in that behalffe particularlie the thrid act of the sext Parlia=t= of K: Ja: 6: of blessed memorie the said day hath been much prophaned by salmond fishing goeing of Salt pans milnes & kills, hireing of shearers & vseing of merchandice on that day & otherwise Thairfor our Soverane Lord with advice & consent of his Estates of Parliament, Ratifies and Approves all former acts of Parlia=t= made for observation of the sabboth day and against the breakers thairof And by these pn~ts Inhibites and

discharges all salmond fishing going of salt pans milnes or kills; all hireing of shearers carieing of loads keeping of mercats or vseing any sorts of merchandice on the said day and all other prophanation thairof whatsoever vnder the paines and penalties following, vi~z the su~me of Tuentie pund scots for the goeing of ilk salt pan milne or kill on the said day to be payed by the heritors and possessours thairof, and the su~me of ten punds for ilk sheirer & fisher of salmond on the said day, The one halff thairof to be payed by the hyrers & conducers, and the other halffe by the persones hyred, and the said sume of ten punds for everie other prophanation of the said day And which fynes & penalties are to be vplifted and disposed of in maner contained in the act & instructions anent the justices of peace And if the partie offender be not able to pay the penalties forsaid then to be exemplarly punist in his bodie according to the merite of his fault. [}ACT AGAINST SUEAREING AND EXCESSIVE DRINKING}] OUR SOVERANE LORD being desireous that all his Subiects within this Kingdome may leid a quyet & peaceable liffe vnder his Government in all godlienesse and honestie; and in order therto haveing resolved to curb & suppresse all sort of sin & wickednesse and especially these abhominable and so much abounding sins of drunknesse and all maner of cursing and sweareing. Thairfor our said Soverane Lord Ratifies and Approves all acts of Parliament made in former tymes against the saids crymes or either of them. And further declares that each persone who shall blaspheame sweare or curse and whosoever shall drink into excesse shall be lyable in the paines following according to the qualitie of the offenders vi~z each Nobleman tuentie pund scots, each barron in tuentie merks, each gentleman heritor or burges in ten merks, each yeman in fourtie shillings each servant in tuentie shillings toties quoties each minister in the fift parte of his yeers stipend; And that the saids syns and penalties be vplifted and disposed vpon in maner contained in the act & instructions anent the Justices of peace. And in the partie offender be not able to pay the penalties forsaid, then to be exemplarlie punished in his bodie according to the merite of his fault. [}ACT ANENT ARREISTMENTS}] OUR SOUERANE LORD Considering the great Charges that Creditors are put to by compriseing of su~ms owing to their debitors be vertew of heretable bands contracts and other writs beareing payment of a~rents: which in respect of the obleidgement for a~rent wer not in former times areistable Therfor the Kings Maiestie with advice & consent of his Estates of Parliament finds & declares

that all su~ms of money which are adebted be bonds contracts & other personall obleidgements whervpon no infeftments have followed are and shall be areistable at the instance of any Creditor, Notwithstanding that the bonds contracts and other obleidgements beare payment of a~rents. And the Kings Maiestie with advice & consent forsaid Declares that this shall nowayes change the nature of the saids su~ms Nor preiudge the air nor any other persone their rights to the same as being heretable Which are heirby declared to remaine in their oune nature vnchangeable be this act prout (\de iure\) except that only the same are areistable And it is heirby expreslie provydit that all areistments and executions thairof since the 29 day of July 1644 yeers vsed conforme to the tenor of this act, shall be als valeid & sufficient as if this pn~t act had been of the said date But preiudice alwayes to the Creditors to comprise the said heretable sums if they shall choose rather to comprise then to areist. [}ACT FOR PLANTING & INCLOSEING OF GROUND}] OUR SOVERANE LORD Considering how many lawdable lawes have been made by his Maiesties Royall progenitors for parking and incloseing of ground and planting of wood and for preserveing of the same, And finding the greate preiudice hath followed vpon the not due observance of notable and necesser lawes And how expedient fit and necesser it will be for the good of his Maiesties antient Kingdome especially for shiping and building that timber be planted; and how advantageous it is for the incresse of cornes & cattell and the sowing of lint and hemp for manufactories that parking and incloseings be made. Doth therfor with consent and advice of his Estates of Parliament Revive the nynt act of the fourt Parlia=t= of King James the first of blessed memorie entituled Ane act for planting of woods forrests & orchyeards and all other acts made for that effect by his Maiestie or any other his Royall predicesso=rs= and ordaines the same to be put to execution in tyme comeing Conforme to the tenor thairof in all points With this addition Lykeas his Maiestie with advice of his saids estates of Parliament Doth heirby Statute & ordaine that everie heritor lyverenter & wodsetter (according to the qualifications vnder written) within his said antient Kingdome of Scotland worth one thousand punds of yeerly valued rent Shall inclose four aikers of land yeerly at least and plant the same about with trees of oak, elme, ash, plaine, sauch or other timber at three yeards distance, And that all other heritors of greater or lesse rent nor the said sume of one thousand pund money forsaid Doe plant inclose and ditch yeerly moe or fewer aikers according to their rex~tive rents for the space of ten yeers next ensueing; and that of such lands as the heritors shall think most fit for planting & capable

for incloseing to be also planted, ditched or inclosed in maner forsaid; And that the saids heritors begin to plant ditch and inclose the said ground at the feist of Michaelmes nextocome and vphold the same in tyme comeing. And for the further encouragement of the saids heritors wodsetters & liverentars to goe about the readie observance of the said act Libertie & power is granted to them at the sight of the Shirreffs Stewarts Lords of Regalities Barrons and Justices of peace in their respective bounds to cast about the heigh wayes to their conveniency Provyding they doe not remove them above tuo hundreth ells vpon their whole ground; Excepting alwayes heirfrom burrow and incorporat aikers, which are nowayes to be parked or inclosed Wnlesse the heritors therof shall think it meit & expedient. And wher ther are liverenters vpon lands, It is heirby declared that the same shall be done vpon the equall charges & expences of the lyverentar & heritor. And in caice of propper wodsets, It is also heirby specially declared, that the same shall be done by the wodsetter, and the charges thairof is and shall be added to the reversion and nowayes redeimable while they make payment therof as well as of the su~ms for which the lands are wodset. And for the better encuragement of heritors and for preserveing of the said planting & inclosours, It is statute and ordained, that whosoever shall cut or break any of the saids tries (not being the heritors themselffs) shall pay vnto the heritors or persons wronged tuentie punds for everie trie, or if he be not able to pay the said tuenty punds, It shall be in the power of the partie therby wronged to make him worke sex weeks giveing him meit & drink allenerlie. And further it is ordained that whosoever shall break doun the hedges or dyks of the saids parks or inclosours or be fund within the same being a stranger shall be holden & repute a breaker doun thairof and pay fyve pounds for everie fault; Or if he be not able to pay the said fyve pounds, to work ten dayes to the ouner of the saids grounds for meit & drink as said is And for the greater encouragement of all persons who shall be vertuouslie inclyned to ditch inclose or plant their ground in maner forsaid His Maiestie with consent abovespe~it, hath declared and by thir pn~ts Declares such parts & portions of their said ground as shall be so inclosed & planted to be frie of all maner of land stents taxations or impositions of whatsoever nature, or quarterings of horse in the saids inclosours for the space of nyntein yeers next after the date heirof and that at the proportionateing of the saids burdens the same inclosours shall be exempted and made frie therof accordinglie. And also for the better preserveing of the saids inclosours, and of the trees and planting to be set about the same It is statute and ordained that ilk heritor, tennent & cotter keep their cattell and goods out of their nighbours inclosours at all times that their trees planting & ditching be nowayes damnified nor

preiudged vnder the penaltie of fyve punds for ilk contravention toties quoties to be payed to the partie damnified. And further Statuts & Ordaines that wher inclosours fall to be vpon the border of any persons inheritance, the next adiacent heritor shall be at equall paines & charges in building ditching and planting that dyk which parteth their inheritance. And reco~mends to all Lords Shirreffs and baillies of Regalities Stewarts of Stewartries and Justices of peace Baillies of Burrowes & other Judges whatsoever to sie this act put in execution And to grant processe at the instance of the partie damnified & preiudged and to sie them repaired after the forme and tenor of this act abovewr~in in all points THE Lord Co~missioner continewes the Parlia=t= till the morne at tuo hours in the afternoone.

[}ACT CONCERNING THE DISPOSALL OF VACAND STIPENDS}] FORASMUCH as by diverse acts it is fund That stipends & benefices of vacand kirks or which therafter should vaik by decease deposition suspension, transportation of Ministers, disvnion of kirks or any otherway should dureing the vacancie thairof be imployed on pious vses And the Kings Maiestie considering that dureing these troubles many learned and religious persons in the Ministerie and Vniversities for their expressions of duety and loyaltie to his Maiestie, or not concuring in the confusions of the tyme, have been deposed or suspended from their charge and ministerie, and have been otherwayes

put vnder great sufferings and they and thair families redacted to extreame miserie and want And conceaveing it to be ane act of great pietie and iustice to have regaird to the sufferings of those honest and faithful Ministers and others and in some measure to provide for them and repair thair losses Thairfor his Maiestie with advice of his Estates of Parliament Ordaines all stipends or benefices of kirks that are vacant and not alreadie disposed of Or which shall vaik by decease, deposition, suspension transportation or otherwayes To be imployed for the supplie & mantenance and towards the reparation of the sufferings and losses of the persons aforesaids, and of the wives & bairnes of such of them as are dead And that in such maner and wayes as after tryell of their merits and sufferings and the causes & grounds thairof shall be thought fit by the Lords of his Ma~ties Privie Councill To whom his Maiestie with advice and consent forsaid co~mits the care of this bussinesse And doth heirby impower and require them to vse all diligence that the favour and justice heirby intendit by his Ma~tie to these suffering persons and thair families may be made effectual and that notwithstanding of any thing contained in any of the saids acts to the contrare It is alwayes provydit that this act is without preiudice of any benefite which by the law and custome of this Kingdome falls to the relict bairnes of exe~rs of a minister after his decease And that this act is to endure for the space of seven yeers and longer as his Maiestie shall think fit [}ACT IN FAVOURS OF LAIK PATRONS OF PROVOSTRIES PREBENDARIES CHAPLANRIES & ALTARAGES}] OUR SOVERANE LORD with advice and consent of his Estates of Parliament Ratifies and Approves the act of Parlia=t= made by King James the sext his Maiesties Grandfather of eternall memorie Par. first chap. 12 Anent Provestries Prebendaries Alterages Chaplanries and Collegiat kirks pertaining to Laik Patrons Together with the act of Parlia=t= 12 chap. 158 ratifieing the same; And ordaines the saids acts to have full force & effect in all tyme comeing With this declaration alwayes; That inrespect the vassalls which held lands of the saids Provests prebendars & others forsaids are put to great vncertantie of their superiors, it not being knoun to them who are provyded to the saids Provestries Prebendaries Chaplanries Alterages and other forsaids by reason ther is no publict register to the which they may have recourse for knowledge and notice therof, and that the most that they can know by any register is the infeftments and sasines made to these who are laik Patrons holding of his Maiestie Therfor for secureing of the vassalls who hold lands milnes fishings tenements a~rents of others whatsoever of the saids Provostries Prebendaries Collegiat kirks, or of Chaplanries Alterages & others

of that nature at any tyme of before; It is statute & ordained that the entrie of the saids vassalls by retour, precept of clare constat, resignation compriseing or otherwise whatsoever shall pertaine to the laik Patrons and their successo=rs= who stand infeft in the saids laik patronages holding im~ediatly of his Maiestie; and that the entrie of the vassalls by them shall be als valid & sufficient to the saids vassalls receavers therof as if they wer entered by the Titulars of the saids Provostries, Prebendaries, Alterages Chaplanreis and others forsaids And that the said laik Patrons shall be in all timecomeing in their place as superior to the said vassalls and to have the same power to give infeftments to his Maiesties subiects vpon retour or by precept of clare constat or by resigna=o=n compriseing or any maner of way With gifts (\de novo damus\) , and that without consent of persones provyded or to be provyded to the saids Provestries and Prebendaries of Collegiat kirks alterages, chaplanries or other Titulars of Collegiat kirks and also without consent of the chapter or convent of the saids prebendaries thairof or most parte of the same Which of befor wes in vse and custome. Wheranent and anent all acts in the contrare his Ma~tie with consent forsaid dispences for ever Reserveing alwayes to the Titulars of the saids Provostries Prebendaries, Alterages Chaplanries & others forsaids the fruits rents & emoluments of the saids Provestries Prebendaries and others forsaids which are nowayes preiudged be this pn~t act. It is heirby further Statute and ordained with advice & consent forsaid Wher ther are any prebendaries chaplanries alterages or other foundations of that nature abovementioned founded & situated within any burgh royall of this Kingdome That the Provest Baillies & Councill of that burgh wher the same are founded are and shall be in all tymecomeing only vndoubted superiors by whom and by no others the vassalls & tennents shall enter in maner abovespe~it The saids Provest Baillies & Councill haveing been formerly Patrons of these Chaplanries. [}ACT ANENT COCQUETS & ENTRIES OF SHIPS}] OUR SOVERANE LORD Vnderstanding ther are diverse abuses co~mitted by the Customers and receavers of entries of ships and by the keepers of the cokquet in sumtyme exacting from Masters of Ships greater sums of money then is due to them, and sometymes absenting themselffs to the great preiudice of the merchants estate & to the hazard of the losse of their voyage. Thairfor our Soverane Lord with advice & consent of the Estates of Parliament Ordaines that ther be no greater price exacted for entering their ships & goods then the sume of tuentie three shillings four pennies; and for the said Cockquet then the su~me of fourty shillings And that the keepers of the said Cockquet

attend by themselffs or their servants diligently & readily to ansuer & give out Cockquets to all Merchants and Masters of Ships wnder pain of loseing their place whensoever they shall be fund either to exact more then the said sume abovewr~in, or shall occasion to the saids Merchants & Masters more delay nor is neidfull for writeing the same. [}ACT ANENT COALHEWERS}] OUR SOVERANE LORD with advice & consent of his Estates of Parliament Ratifies the elevent act of the 18 Par: of K: Ja: 6: of worthie memory made anent Coallhewers & salters with this addition That because watermen who laves & drawes water in the Coalheugheid and gatesmen who work the wayes & passages in the saids heughs, are as necessar to the owners & Masters of the said Coalheughs as the Coalhewers & bearers It is therfor Statute and ordained by our Soverane Lord with advice & consent forsaid That no person shall hire nor seduce any watermen windsmen and Gaitesmen without a testimoniall of the Master whom they serve vnder the paines contained in the former acts in all points. And because it is fund by experience that the giveing of great fies hath been a mean and way to seduce and bring Coalhewers from their Masters It is therfor also Statute and ordained That it shall not be lawfull for any Coalmasters in this Kingdome to give anie greater fee then the sume of tuentie merks in fee or bounteth vnder any culour or pretext And becaus the saids Coalhewers and salters & other workmen in coalheughs within this Kingdome doe ly from their work at pasch +gule witsunday and certane other times in the yeer which times they imploy in drinking & debaushrie to the great offence of God and preiudice of thair master It is therfor Statute and ordained that the saids coalhewers and salters and other workmen in coalheughs of this Kingdome work all the sex dayes of the week except the time of Christmasse vnder the paine of tuentie shilling scots to be paid to their master for ilk dayes fail+gie (by & attour the preiudice sustained by thair saids Masters) and other punishment of their bodies [}ACT DISCHARGEING THE CUSTOM OF TUO & A HALFF OF THE HUNDRETH & THE IMPOST OF FOUR PUNDS ON THE TUN}] OUR SOVERANE LORD Considering that the prices of all merchandice doe daylie rise to exceeding great dearth which is alledged to be occasioned throw extraordinary customes and impositions. For remedy whairof his Maiestie with advice and consent of his estates of Parliament Doth Discharge all and sindrie whatsoever customes and impositions exacted by the Customers which are not allowed

be the acts of Parliament, and especially the late custome of tuo and a halff per cent. and the late new imposition of four punds vpon the tun of wyne and all raiseing of his Maiesties Customs, directlie or indirectlie without consent of Parliament And because that the too much troubleing of merchants and drawing of Masters & Mariners from their ordinary charges doth much impede the trade; Therfor his Maiestie with advice and consent forsaid Discharges the takeing of Merchants Masters and Mariners oaths in the mater of Customes. And to the end that the subiect of trade may not be restrained with vnnecessarie customes His Maiestie with advice and consent forsaid Declares that all goods and merchandice imported from forrane places to this Kingdome and out of the same paying inward custome Shall be free of all outward custome according as is vsed in England & Ireland Lykas his Maiestie Declares that he consented to the act abovewr~in vpon this condition That Co~mission & warrand be granted to the exchequer to establish the book of rates according as the prices of merchandice now rules And his Maiestie permitted the option to the burrowes Whervpon the Burrowes haveing advised They made choise to be ruled by the book of rates anent the Customes and consented that Co~mission should be granted to the Exchequer to establish the book of rates according as the prices of merchandice now rules Inrespect whairof our Soverane Lord Ordaines a Co~mission to be draune up to the Eschequer to the effect forsaid and extracted thervpon for establishing the booke of rates according as the prices of merchandice now rules; And therfor Our Soverane Lord with advice and consent forsaid Ordaines the act abovementioned to stand as a law in manner and to the effect aboverehearsed. [}ACT IN FAVOURS OF THOSE WHO GET THAIR WAIRD HOLDING CHANGED BY THE KING'S MA~TIE}] THE Estates of Parliament haveing taken to consideration that some difficultie hath occurred in the prosecution of his Maiesties royall fathers intention of changeing of waird holdings in few for the well of his Subiects conforme to the tuo Co~missions granted by his said Maiestie theranent vnder the great Seale of this Kingdome; And that the said difficultie hath risen vpon this ground That diverse of his Maiesties subjects holding lands of his Ma~tie or of the Prince, ward or few (\cum maritagio\) , holds also other lands of other superiors ward; Who whilst their vassalls held lands waird or few (\cum maritagio\) of his Maiestie or of the Prince, could pretend no right to the mariage of the vassalls heir when the same shall be changed in few and composition & a yeerly few dewtie being granted to his Maiestie or the Prince for the said waird & mariage, the other superiors of the saids vassalls of whom he holds ward may contend for the benefite of the

casualitie of the mariage of his vassalls heir when the same falls out he being the vassalls eldest superior of whom he holds waird; Which wes greivous to the vassalls who by this new course of changeing of his holding hath componed both for waird & mariage. Thairfor it is Statute and ordained by the Kings Maiestie, with advice and consent of his Estates of Parliament That all vassalls holding waird of his Maiestie or the Prince or holding few (\cum maritagio\) who shall heirafter compone and agree with the Co~missioners to be appointed by his Maiestie, for changeing of their holdings from ward to few, or for renunciation of the mariage contained in their few infeftments, their heirs and successo=rs= in the saids lands shall be free of the mariage that can be acclamed by their superiors of the lands holden by them of their said other superiors ward; And that the saids other superiors shall have no right to the mariage of their heirs when the same falls out, no more then they would have had, if the lands holden waird of his Maiestie or the Prince had continewed still ward But that the saids vassalls whose holding shall be changed, or who shall compone for their mariage as said is their heirs and successours, Shall inioy their lands in all tyme therafter frie of any such burthen or mariage; Provyding always Lykas it is heirby Provyded & declared, that if the forsaids vassalls whose holding shall be changed as said is and who shall compone for the renunciation of the mariage contained in their few infeftments or their heirs or successo=rs= in the saids lands which once held ward or few (\cum maritagio\) , Shall alienat and dispone the saids lands to any other persons Then and in that cace, the aliener or his airs shall no longer have the benefite of this present act, [{but that notwithstanding of this present act{] if they hold lands ward of any other superior that their superior shall enioy all the benefite of his superiority as if this present act had never been made. And siclyk for the greater furtherance of his Ma~ties leidges in the way of the changeing of the tenors of the said ward holdings or renunceing of the mariage contained in thair saids sew infeftments Our Soverane Lord with advice and consent forsaid Ordaines Signatours to be past to the leidges by the Exchequer on the reco~mendation of the saids Co~missioners of the ward lands in their favo=rs= vpon the leidges their resignation for new infeftments to be granted to them beareing the new maner of few holding, or beareing the renunciation of the said mariage contained in their old few infeftments as shall be ordained be the saids Commissioners of the ward lands. [}ACT ANENT THE EXCHEQUER}] THE Kings Maiestie considering that some doubts and debates may arise concerning the meaning of the eighteinth act of the Parliament holden by his

Maiesties royall rather of blessed memorie in the yeer 1633 Anent the decideing & iudgeing in causes concerning his Ma~ties proppertie Doth for explanation thairof with advice and consent of his estates of Parlia=t= find Declare Statute & ordaine That the validitie and invaliditie of infeftments his Ma~ties proppertie or of any other infeftments may not be discussed nor decydit in Exchequer neither by way of exception action or reply But that the discussing & decision thairof, is only propper to the Lords of Session Reserveing alwayes to the Exchequer to judge in all other bussinesses concerning his Ma~ties rents and casualities as they might have done befor the yeer 1633. [}ACT CONCERNING DOCQUETING AND PRESENTING OF SIGNATOURS}] THE Kings Maiestie with advice and consent of his Estates of Parliament, Doth ratifie and renew the tuentieth act of the tent Parlia=t= of King James the sext of blessed memorie, And accordingly Statuts & Ordaines That no writs Signatures ler~es or warrands shall be presented to be signed by his Maiestie but by his ordinary Officers to whose charge the same propperlie belongs. And that his Maiestie may the better know what passeth vnder his hand and vpon what grounds he signes the same It is appointed that any of his Maiesties Officers who shall present any Signature writ letter or warrand to be signed by his Ma~tie Shall cause registrat the docquet of the same in a register and then send the double therof vnder their hands to his Maiesties Secretarie who is to give his Ma~tie tymeous notice of any prior deid differing or contrarie to the same, that his Maiestie may give his further orders concerning the same

[}AT EDINBURGH, SEPTEMBER XIII, M,DC,LXXXI.}] [}ACT FOR ENCOURAGING TRADE AND MANUFACTURIES}] OUR SOVERAIGNE LORD from his Princely cair for the Wealth and flourishing of this his ancient Kingdom, Considering that the importation of forreign Co~modities (which are superfluous, or may be made within the Kingdom by encouragement given to the Manufacturies thereof) had exceidingly exhausted the money of the Kingdom, and hightned the Exchange to forraign places, So that in a short time the stock of money behooved to be exhausted and the trade thereof to fail; For remeid whereof, His Majesties Privy Councill after long and serious deliberation and advice of the most judicious and knowing Merchants of the Kingdom, Did by tuo Acts of Councill of the dates the first of March and Eleventh of April last and publick proclamations following therupon Give encouragement to Manufacturies erected or to be erected in this Kingdom in manner and to the effect under written: Therefore His Majestie with advice and consent of the Estates of Parliament strictly prohibits and discharges All Merchants & other persons whatsoever, To import into this Kingdom any Gold or silver threed, Gold or silver lace, ffringes or Traceings, All Buttons of Gold or silver threed, all manner of Stuffs or Ribbands in which ther is any gold or silver threed, All philagram of Gold or silver to be worne upon Apparrell, and all Counterfeits of any of them, All flour'd strip'd figur'd, chequer'd, painted or printed silk stuffs or Ribbands (noways comprehending changing colloured or wattered Stuffs or Ribbands) All Embroideries of Silk upon Wearing Cloaths; With certification that all such goods as shall be imported contrary hereunto in any time coming Or which have been imported contrary to the saids

Proclamations, shall be burnt and destroyed, And the importers or Resetters fined in the value thereof: Likeas His Maiestie with advice & consent foresaid, strictly prohibits & discharges the wearing of any of the saids prohibited goods and Commodities within this Kingdome by any of his Majesties Subjects or others dwelling and residing therin After the first of April nixt Under the paine of ffive hundred Merks scots money toties quoties by and attour the Confiscation of the Cloaths upon which any of the saids prohibited Goods shall be found; Allowing hereby to Officers and Souldiers of the kings whole standing forces the space of tuo yeers after the first of November nixt to wear out their Cloaths upon which ther is any gold or silver lace threed or Buttons. Likeas His Majestie with consent foirsaid strictly prohibits & discharges all Merchants and other persons whatsoever to import into this Kingdom, Any forraigne Holland Linnen, Cambrick, Lawn, Dornick, damesk, tyking, bousten or Damety, tufted or stripped holland, Calligo, Selesia or East India Linnen And all other forraigne Cloaths and stuffs made of Linnen or Cottoun wooll or lint (noways comprehending fflannen, Arras hangings, forreigne Carpets and made beds of Silk Damesk-hangings, Chairs and stools conform therto) All forreign silk or Woolen stockings, All forraign laces made of Silk, Gimp or threed, All forraign Laces or point of any Sort or Colour, All forreign made Gloves, schoes, boots, or Slippers, All wearing Cloaths made abroad for men women or Children (excepting wearing Cloaths and Linnings brought home by persons for their oun use who have been abroad and used by them And made of such Cloaths Stuffs and furniture as are by this Act allowed to be worne within this Kingdom) With certification that all such Goods as shall be imported contrary hereto and contrairy to the saids Proclamations, shall be burnt and destroyed, And the Importers or resetters therof fyned in the value of the saids goods. And the Tacksmen or Collectors of the Customs, Surveyers, Collectors, Waiters or their servants, are heirby strictly required and commanded to search for, seize upon, apprehend, burn & destroy any of the saids prohibited goods that shall happen to be imported contrary to this Act; With certification to them if they fail+gie, and suffer the saids prohibited goods to be imported either by tolerance or Connivance, they shall not only amitt and lose their places, And for ever be incapable to serve in that or any such publict Charge, But also fyned in the value of the Goods that through their fault or neglect shall happen to be imported; And any Merchant or other person who shall inform against any of the ffarmourers Collectors surveyors or Waiters for neglect of their duty in the premisses and prove the same, shall have their fynes for their Reward. Lykeas His Majesty Ratifies & Approves all Acts alredy made for the encouragement of the Manufacturies

of this Kingdom And encouragment of Strangers to come thereto and set up their several Callings therin: And anent the weaving and bleatching of Linnen-Cloath Declaring that if any Strangers shall come or be brought into this Kingdom by natives to set up work and teach his Art of making of Cloaths Stuffs Stockings Soap or any kind of Manufactory, That he shall enjoy the benefite of Law, and all other privileges that a Native doeth enjoy: With power to set up Manufacturies either in Burgh or Landward as they shall think fit, and ther to dwell and exercise their trade without any stop or trouble; And that they shall have Libertie and freedome of Trade, and to buy and purchas Lands & heretages And all other goods movable and Immovable, And all other privileges Liberties and capacities that do belong to any Native Subject, born within this Kingdom. And for the farther encouragment of Manufacturies, All Oyl, dying Stuffs, forraigne wooll, lint and flax, pot-ashes or any other Materialls whatsoever usefull for Manufactories, that shall be imported, Are hereby declared to be free of Custome and Excise And all other publick dues in all tyme coming: And that all Cloaths, stuffs, stockings or any other Commodities to be made & exported by them, shall be free of all Custom and Excise, for the space of Nynteen yeers after the date hereof. And it is farder declared that any Stock imployed or to be imployed for erecting and entertaining any manufacturies, The same shall be free of all privat and publick taxes whatsoever, And all quartering and levyeing of Souldiers; And that all servants of the saids Manufacturies shall be free of watching, warding, Militia, or Levies during their Actual service therin for the space of seven yeers after the date hereof. With power to the Masters, Erectors, or entertainers of Manufacturies to meet for making of Ordinances for the right ordoring of their Servants, sufficiency of their Stuffs Cloaths and others and appointing Visitors of their works. And His Majestie with Consent foirsaid Ratifies & Approves the 43 Act of the first session of His Majesties first Parliament And the 46 Act of the same Session of Parliament, Discharging the exporting of linnen yearne, worsted, woollen yarne raw or unwalked Cloaths (except Plaiding, ffingram, and Galloway white) under the pain of Confiscation thereof: And the Act of Parliament ordaining That Linnen of the price of Ten shillings Scots the Eln, or above, be not vnder the breadth of an Eln and tuo Inshes And that the same be taken up by the Selvedge and not by the ridge And so presented to the Mercat And that the same be bleatched without Lime under the penalty of confiscation of the Linnen otherways taken up and bleatched and Imprisonment and fyning of the persons transgressors Not exceiding the value of the Linnen. Likeas it is hereby Ordained that hereafter all Linning brought to mercat for publick

Sale, be made up of Peeces and half peeces And that the peece contain Tuentie four elns, & the half peece Tuelve elns And that it contain not one elne more or les under the paine of Confiscation thereof. And that all Fingram, Plaiding, Linnen, and Woolen drogats to be made in tyme coming shall be of the breadth of thrie Quarters and ane Nail, All Searges Ane elne and tuo Inshes and the lenth of the peece to be fyftie or fyftie tuo elnes to the whole peece And the half thereof to the half peece, under the penaltie foirsaid And that all the saids Peeces whether Linnen or Woolen be taken up in folds eln or thrie Quarters long, And that none of them be rolled that therby the sufficiency of the whole peece may be known, And that the same be not stretched by the Rolling, wherby the measure will not hold out; And that vnder the penaltie foirsaid, for all such Cloath otherways taken up and presented to the mercat. And His Majestie with advice and consent foresaid Doeth authorize the Lords of his Majesties privy Councill to declare these Manufacturies alredy set up or that hereafter shall be set up, to be such, To the effect they may enjoy the priviledges Liberties and Immunities granted by the saids Acts of Parliament. And for the more effectuall execution of this Act, His Majesty with advice foirsaid Ordains the Collectors of the Assessment and Excise and their Subcollectors ffarmourers and Collectors of Customs and Waiters in Burgh or Land at every term to give up vpon oath to the Judges ordinary upon the place by Sea or land, And Justices of Peace, Lists of all those whom they have seen and observed to transgress this Act. And it is hereby declared that the one half of the penalties afoirsd~ shall belong to themselves, And the other half shall be collected by them for his Majesties use, trial being first taken and the persons found guilty by the saids Judges ordinary or the Justices of Peace And such Contraveeners as they shall not give Information of, that the one half of the fynes shall belong to any other person who will discover them: And in case the saids Collectors of Assessment and Excise, ffarmourers and Collectors of Customs or Waiters, shall by connivance or otherways fal+gie to give up the saids Lists as afoirsaid, They shall loose their places and be incapable of that Office for ever. It is always hereby provided that no persons contraveening this Act shall be lyable to the saids penalties, unles they be found guilty within the space of Three Moneths after Dilation in manner foirsaid; But prejudice always to any other person who shall discover the Contraveeners and furnish probation against them, of the one half of the penalties whensoever they shall discover them, They being always discovered and found guiltie within the time and in manner foresaid. And it is hereby Declared that this present Act is and shall be in place of any former Sumptuary Law in relation to Apparrell.

[}ACT CONCERNING DECLINATORS}] OUR SOVERAIGNE LORD Considering that by the 112 Act 14 Parliament of King James the Sixth, It is expressly statute and Ordained that no Senatour of the College of Justice, ordinary or extraordinary shall sit or vote in the Causes of their Father, Brother and Son, Doeth with advice and consent of his Estates of Parliament Statute and Ordain that this Declinatour shall for the future be farder extended to degrees of Affinity as well as Consanguinity, So that in all time coming No Senatour of the Colledge of Justice Ordinary or Extraordinary shall sit or vote in Causes wher the pursuer or defender is either ffather Brother or Son in Law to him; And also that he shall not sit or vote in any cause where he is Uncle or Nephew to the Pursuer or Defender. And it is hereby declared that this Act shall be extended to the Lords of Privy Council, and Exchequer, And the Co~missioners of the Justiciary And to all other Judges and Judicatures in the Kingdom, who may be declined wher they are related to the party pursuer or Defender in the Degrees foresaids. [}ACT RESTRAINING THE EXORBITANT EXPENCE OF MARRIAGES BAPTISMS & BURIALS.}] OUR SOVERAIGNE LORD Considering the great hurt & prejudice ariseing to this Kingdom by the superfluous expence bestowed at Marriages Baptisms and Burials. For repressing of which abuse in time coming His Majestie with advice and consent of his Estates of Parliament Does statute and Ordain that Marriages Baptisms and Burials shall be solemnized and gone about in sober and decent manner. And that at Marriages besids the married persons, their Parents, Children, Brothers and sisters, and the familie wherin they live, Ther shall not be present at any Contract of marriage, Marriage, or In-fare, or meet vpon occasion thereof above ffour Freinds on either side with their ordinary domestick servants, And that Neither Bridegroom nor Bride nor their Parents or Relations, tutours or Curatours for them and to their use shall make above tuo changes of Raiment at that time or upon that occasion. Certifying such persons as shall Contraveen, if they be landed persons, They shall be lyable in the fourth part of their [{yearly valued rent And those who are not landed persons in the fourth part of their{] Moveables, Burgesses According to their condition and means, not exceiding ffyve hundred Merks Scots, And mean Craftsmen and Servants Not exceiding One hundred Merkes: And if ther shall be any greater number of Persons then afoirsaid in any house or Inn within Burgh or suburbs therof or within tuo myles of the Same wher Pennyweddings are made, That the Master of the

house shall be fined in the Sum of ffive hundred Merks scots. And it is Statut and Ordained that at Baptisms vpon that Occasion, besids the Parents, Children, Brothers, and sisters and those of the family, ther shall not be present above ffour witnesses. And farder His Majestie with consent foirsaid Statuts and Ordaines that ther shall not be invited to Burials any greater Number of Persons then these following viz To the Burial of Noblemen and Bishops and their Wyves, not above One hundred Noblemen and Gentlemen: To the Burial of a Baron of Qualitie not above Sixtie: and other landed Gentlemen not above Thirtie. And that the Mourners at the Burials of Noblemen, and Bishops and their Ladies doe not exceid Thirty, And at the Burials of Privy Councellors, Lords of Session, Barons, Provosts of Burghs, and their Wives, The number of Mourners doe not exceid Tuenty four, And at the Burials of all other Landed Gentlemen and Citizens within Burgh, they doe not exceid the number of Tuelve. And prohibits and discharges the vsing or carrying of any pencils Banners and other Honours at Burials, except only the Eight Branches to be upon the Pale, or upon the Coffin wher there is no Pale, under the foirsaids penalties respective, in case they contraveen. And it is Statute and Ordained that ther be no Mourning Cloaks used at Burials nor at any other time under the pain of One hundred Pounds Scots. [}ACT AGAINST ASSASSINATIONS.}] THE Kings most Excellent Majestie Considering that notwithstanding Assassination be a Crime of a high nature, inconsistent with and whollie destructive to all human Society: Yet such are the pernicious principles and wicked practices of several persons, That they doe assert and mantein these Villanous impious and horrid Doctrines and principles: Therefore His Majestie with advice and consent of the Estates of Parliament Doe statute & Ordain That not only all such persons who shall assassinat, but that all who shall mantein or Assert that it is lawful to Kill any man vpon difference in opinion, or because they have been imployed in the service of the King or of the Church as it is presently established by Law, shall incurr the pain of Treason, And be punished by tinsel of Life Lands and Goods. And Remembering with horrour, the execrable murder of that most Reverend and worthy Prelat James late Archbishop of S=t= Andrews Lord Primat of Scotland (who deserved so well of this Church and Monarchy for his eminent services to both) Doe ordain the sherriff of ffyffe and his Deputs, to make weekly searches in these places wher it is or may be suspected these Assassinats do reside; That they may be brought to Justice and examplarly punished. And lykwise

Ordains all other Sheriffs and Magistrats, upon Information that those Assassines are within their bounds To make search for & apprehend them, that they may be brought to Justice. And doe hereby ratify the former Acts of Council against such as shall resset these Murderers. [}AT EDINBURGH, SEPTEMBER XIV, M,DC,LXXXI.}] [}ACT CONCERNING THE JURISDICTION OF THE ADMIRAL COURT.}] OUR SOVERAIGNE LORD Considering that the clearing and establishing the Jurisdiction of the high Admiral of this Kingdom, will greatly tend to the advancement and encouragement of trade and Navigation. Therefore His Majestie with advice and consent of the Estates of Parliament Doeth ratifie and approve the 15 Act of the 20 Parliament of King James the Sixth, in the whole heads Clauses and Articles of the same, And decernes and declares the high Court of Admirality to be a Soveraigne Judicature in itself, and of its oun nature to import Su~mar Execution. And Statuts and Declares that the said High Admiral As he is his Majesties Leivetenent, and Justice General upon the Seas, And in all Ports harbours or Creiks of the same, and upon fresh waters or Navigable Rivers below the first Bridges, or within the flood marks so far as the same does or can at any time extend: So the said High Admiral hath the sole priviledge and Jurisdiction in all maritim and sea-faring causes, forreigne and domestick, whether Civil or criminal whatsoever within this Realme And over all Persons as they are concerned in the same. And prohibits and discharges all other Judges to medle with the decision of any of the saids causes in the first instance, except the great admiral and his deputs allenerlie. And statuts ordains and declares that it is the priviledge of the said High Admiral to cause parties become enacted and find Caution, not only for Compearance, but for Performance of the Acts and sentences of his Court, And that he may punish all breakers of his Arreistments and resisters of his officers in the execution of his precepts, and apply the fynes and amerciaments to his oun use, Conform to the Laws of the Kingdom. And Farther statuts and Declares that the high Court of Admiralitie is a Supream Court And that the Decreits and Acts of all other inferiour Courts of Admiralitie Are subject to the review and Reduction of the said High Court of Admiralitie. And for the more ready and quick Dispatch of Justice in Maritim and Sea faring Causes forreign and Domestick whether Civil or Criminal within this Realme, and over all Persons in so far as they

are concerned in the same both to Natives and Strangers, Our Soveraigne Lord with advice and consent foirsaid Prohibits and Discharges all Advocations in the foresaids Causes, from the said Court of Admirality to the Lords of Session or any other Judges whatsoever in all time coming, And that no Suspension or other stop to the Execution of the Decreits or Acts of the said Court of Admirality be past be the Lords of Session, at any time hereafter except by the whole Lords in presentia, in time of Session, and by three of the saids Lords the time of vaccance met together to that effect: And if any Suspensions or Stops shall happen to be past in manner foresaid, The same be summarlie discussed upon A Bill, And be privileged and exeemed from the ordinary course of the Roll: And if upon discussing thereof, the same shall be found to have been unjustly and maliciously raised, That the said High Court of Admirality, may upon the application made by the parties concerned, Modify and decern the da~mages they have sustained by the saids Suspensions and stops of Execution of their Acts and Decreets, attour the expences of plea before the Lords of Session which is to be modified by the saids Lords of Session. As Also His Majestie with advice and consent foresaid Statuts and Ordains that it shall be lauful and competent to the said Court of Admirality, to review their own Decreets and Sentences, if ther be just occasion for the same. And His Majestie with advice and consent foresaid Decernes and Declares that it is the sole right and priviledge of the high Admiral and his Deputs the Judges of the High Court of Admirality, to grant Passes and safe Conducts to all Ships; And Inhibits and discharges all others to grant the same, as they will be answerable upon their highest perril. And his Majesty with advice and consent foresaid Casses, annulls, and Rescinds all and whatsoever Laws, Acts of Parliament, or Customs, contrary to or any ways inconsistent with this present Act. THE Proveist of Edinburgh in name of the Toune, Protested that the said Act might not prejudge the Toun of their right of Jurisdiction, and wherof they had been in possession. [}ACT CONCERNING THE SALE OF BANKRUPTS LANDS.}] OUR SOVERAIGNE LORD Considering that when the Estates and Lands of Bankrupts are affected with Adjudications, Comprisings and other real rights exceeding their value, It oftimes falls out that the Creditors doe not agrie to sell the Lands, wherby such as have small sums upon such Securities, cannot command any pairt therof, And such Estates doe oftimes become ineffectuall to

many Creditors. Therefore His Majestie with consent of his Estates of Parliament, Doeth authorize and Impower the Lords of the Session (upon a Proces at the instance of any Creditor having a real right) To cognosce and try the value of such Estates, wher the Heretor is notoriously Bankrupt, and the Creditors in possession of the Estate, And to Value the same According to the true worth thereof, in its rents, casualities, rights, and Holdings, According to the use and custom of the Country where the Lands ly. And to commissionat persons to sell these Lands and Estate or any pairt thereof at the saids rates or more, as can be had for the same, with consent of the debitor, wher ther is a Legal Reversion competent to him, and without his consent wher ther is no Legal: And ordains the said Sale to be by a publick roup, not being under the rate and price appointed by the Lords of Session; And that the roup be made after publick Intimation at the mercat Cross of the head burgh of the Shire wher the Lands ly, And at the head Burgh of the Bal+gierie Stewartry or Regality, if they ly within the same, And at the paroch kirk wher the Lands ly, And at Six other Adjacent paroch Kirks (to be named by the Lords of Session) at the dissolving of the Congregation, on a Sunday after the forenoon Sermon, by Letters of Intimation under the Signet, upon the Lords deliverance: Which Letters shall specially express the time and place of the Roup; And the Creditors having real rights and in possession shall be specially cited upon Tuentie one days And all other persons concerned, whether within or without the Kingdom, At the mercat cross of the head burgh of the Shire, Stewartrie, or Regality, And at the mercat cross of Edinburgh & peer and schoar of Leith upon Sixtie dayes, And A Copie of the said Intimation shall be affixed at all the places foresaids Expressing the Lands to be rouped, the price appointed by the Lords of Session, and the time and place of the Roup. Which alienation so made and reported to the Lords And by their Warrand registrat in the books of Councill and Session, His Majestie with consent foresaid Declares to be as effectual upon payment of the price, as if the same were made by the Debitor, And all the Apprysers, Adjudgers, or other Creditors who are so cited and have any Rights affecting the saids Lands, And that a Signature shall pass thereupon in Exchequer, and a warrand for charging the Superiour to enter the purchaser, upon payment of a yeers Rent, Declaring always that the price q=ch= shall be gotten for the saids Lands Conform to the roup shall be distribut by the Co~missioners appointed to sell the Lands, or by the purchaser of the same amongst the Creditors proportionallie, According to their severall Sums, rights, and diligences, As they are or shall be ordored, and found preferable by the saids Lords, Whether the saids Creditors have compeared, or not.

[}AT EDINBURGH, SEPTEMBER XVI, M,DC,LXXXI.}] [}ACT ASSERTING HIS MAJESTIES PREROGATIVE IN POINT OF JURISDICTION.}] THE Estates of Parliament Considering that all Government and Jurisdiction, within his Majesties ancient Kingdom of Scotland, does originally reside in his sacred Majesty, his Laufull Heirs & Successours: And though his Majesty and his Royal Predicessours, have bestowed Offices and Jurisdictions upon several of his weill deserving subjects, yet these are not privative of his Jurisdiction, They doe therefore in a dutiful and humble Recognizance of his Majesties Royal Right and prerogative as to this point, Declare that notwithstanding of these Jurisdictions and Offices, His sacred Majesty may by himself, or any commissionated by him, take Cognizance and decision of any Cases or causes he pleases. [}ACT CONCERNING THE OATHS OF MINORS.}] OUR SOVERAIGNE LORD and Estates of Parliament taking to their serious Consideration, the great abuses which may be committed against Minors within twenty one yeers of Age compleat, by causing them Subscribe Bonds of borrowed money, Contracts of Alienation of their Lands, Dispositions, Discharges, and other writes of Importance, and ratify the same by Oath swearing that they shall never come in the contrary, therby depriving them of all the benefite of Revocation, Reduction, and Restitution In Integrum allowed to them by the Laws of this Kingdom, wher such Oaths are not made: It is therefore Statute and ordained by the Kings Majesty with advice and consent of the saids Estates, That no such Oaths shall be exacted in time coming; And in caice of Contravention, Declares the Contract to be void and null, and that no Execution shall pass therupon, And declares the Elicitor or Exacter of the oath to be Infamous: And it is hereby declared that it shall be competent to any person related to the Minor, to obtain the saids Writs to be declared void and null, by way of Action, exception, or Reply. [}ACT CONCERNING BILLS OF EXCHANGE.}] OUR SOVERAIGNE LORD Considering how necessary it is for the flourishing of Trade, That Bills or Letters of Exchange be duly payed and have ready Execution, conform to the custom of other parts, Doeth therefore with advice and consent of his Estates of Parliament Statute & Ordain

that in case of any forraigne Bill of Exchange, from or to this Realm, duly protested for not acceptance, or for not payment, The said Protest having the Bill of Exchange prefixed, shall be registrable within Six moneths after the date of the said Bill, in case of Non-acceptance, or after the falling due thereof, in case of non-payment, in the books of Councill and Session, or other competent Judicatures, at the instance of the person to whom the same is made payable or his ordor, either against the Drawer or Indorser, in case of ane protest for non-acceptance Or against the Accepter, in case of a protest for Non-payment, to the effect it may have the authoritie of the Judges therof interponed therto, That Letters of Horning upon a simple charge of Six dayes and other executorials necessary may pass therupon, for the whole Sums contained in the Bill, as well exchange as principall, in form as effeirs; Sicklike and in the same manner as upon Registrat Bonds or Decreets of Registration, proceiding upon consent of parties. Providing always that if the saids Protests be not duly Registrat within Six Moneths in manner above provided, Then and in that case, The saids Bills and protests, are not to have su~mar execution, but only to be pursued by way of Ordinary Action, as accords. And Farther It is hereby Statute and Enacted that the Sums contained in all Bills of Exchange bear annualrent in case of not acceptance from the date thereof, And in case of Acceptance, and not payment, from the day of their falling due, ay and while the payment thereof. And Farther His Majesty with advice foresaid hereby declares That notwithstanding of the foresaid su~mar Execution provided to follow upon Bills of Exchange, for the Sums therein contained in manner above specified, Yet it shall be leisom to the party charger to pursue for the Exchange, if not contained in the saids Bills, with re-exchange, da~mage, Interest, and all expences, before the Ordinary Judge, or in cais of Suspension, to eek the same to the Charge at the discussing of the said Suspension, To the effect that the same may be liquidat, and Decreet given therfore, either against the party principal, or against him and his Cautioners as accords. [}AT EDINBURGH, SEPTEMBER XVII, M,DC,LXXXI.}] [}ACT CONCERNING THE ELECTION OF COMMISSIONERS FOR SHIRES.}] OUR SOVERAIGNE LORD Considering the great delay in dispatch of publick Affairs in Parliament and Convention of Estates, occasioned by the contraverted Elections of Commissioners for Shires: For preventing whereof, and for clearing the orderly way of election of the saids Commissioners

in time coming: Therefore His Majesty with advice and consent of his Estates of Parliament, Statuts and Ordains that none shall have Vote in the elections of Co~missioners for Shires or Stewartries which have been in use to be represented in Parliament and Conventions, But those who at that time shall be publicklie infeft in property or Superiority and in possession of a ffourty Shilling land of old extent holden off the King or Prince distinct from the ffew duties in ffewlands, or wher the said old extent appears not, shall be infeft in Lands lyable in publick burden for his Majesties supplies for ffour hundred punds of valued rent, whether Kirk-lands now holden off the King or other Lands holding ffew, Waird, or blensh off his Majestie as King or Prince of Scotland, And that Apprisers or Adjudgers shall have no vote in the saids Elections during the legal Reversion, And that after the expireing thereof, The Appriser or Adjudger first infeft, shall only have vote, And no other Appriser or Adjudger coming in (\pari passu\) till their Shares be divided, that the extent or valuation thereof may appear; And that during the Legal, the Heretor having right to the Reversion shall have vote: And lyckwise proper Wodsetters having lands of the Holding extent, or Valuation foresaid, Which rights to vote proceiding upon expired Compriseing, Adjudication, or proper wodset, shall not be questionable, upon pretence of any order of Redemption, payment, and satisfaction, unles a Decreit of Declaratour, or Voluntar redemption, Renunciation, or Resignation be produced; And that appeirand Heirs being in possession by vertue of their predicessors infeftment of the holding, extent and Valuation foresaid, And lykways Liferenters and Husbands for the freeholds of their wyves, or having right to a liferent by the Courtesie of the saids liferenters claime their vote, Otherwayes the fiar shall have vote, But that both ffiar and Liferenter shall not have vote, Unles they have distinct Lands, of the holding, extent or Valuation foirsaid: But that no person infeft for releif or payment of Sums, shall have vote, but the granters of the saids Rights their Heirs or Successors. Likeas His Majesty Ordains the whole ffreeholders of each Shire and Stewartry having election of Commissioners, To meet & conveen at the head Burghs thereof, And to make up a Roll of all the ffreeholds within the same whether lyeing within Stewartries, not having Co~missioners, or Bal+gieries of Royalty, or Regality, or without the same, upon the first Tuesday of May next to come, According as the same shall be instructed to be of the holding extent or Valuation foresaid, Containing the names and Designations of the Fiars Liferenters and husbands having right to vote for the same in manner above written And expressing the extent or Valuations of the saids freeholds, with power to continue or adjourn their meetings until the said Roll be fullie

compleat. Likeas the saids free-holders shall meet and conveen at the head Burghs of the saids Shires and Stewartries respective at the Michaelmes head Court yearly thereafter and shall revise the said Roll of Election, and make such Alterations therein as have occurred since their last meeting, from time to time; Which Roll for Election shall be insert in the Sherif or Stewart books particularlie appointed for that end; According as they shall be stated each Michaelmas Court; and at the election of Commissioners either at the Michaelmas court or at the calling of Parliament or Conventions, The saids free holders shall meet and conveen at the head burgh of the Shire or Stewartry, in that rowm wher the sherif or Stewart Court useth to be held, betuixt mid-day and tuo afternoon, Which rowm shall be patent to them And all others removed, but whom they call, And the first or second Co~missioner last elected or in their absence the sherif or Stewart-Clerk shall ask the votes who shall preside, And who shall be Clerk to the meeting And in case any alteration have hapned in the said Roll of Elections since the last meeting, The persons then coming to have right to vote shall be insert in the Roll, And ther shall no objection be admitted against any insert in the said Roll as said is, but what shall be proponed before they begin to vote to Election: And if the objecters shall not be cleared and acquiesce, They shall take Instruments Containing their Objections against the admitting to, or excluding any person from the foresaid Roll: And it is hereby declared that no other Objection shall be competent in Parliament or Convention but what shall be contained in the Instruments taken as aforesaid: And in case Objections be made when a Parliament or Convention is not called, a particular diet shall be appointed by the meeting, and intimat to the parties contraverting, to attend the Lords of Session for their determination, Who shall determine the same at the said Diet summarly According to Law, upon Supplication without farder Citation. And it is hereby declared that Horning for a Civil cause or Non-residence, shall be no sufficient Objection, but that Minority being instantly verified shall be a sufficient objection, or the not taking the Test appointed by the Sixth Act of this present Parliament, which is hereby ordained to be subscribed by all the voters in presence of the meeting before they proceid to the Election, And recorded in the Sherif Court books And so returned with the Commission to the Clerk of Register. And if the persons objected against shall appear at the Parliament or Convention, and instruct their right to vote, the objecter shall pay their expences and be farder fined in ffive hundred Merks: And if the Objection be sustained in Parliament, The objecters appearing shall have their expences, And the party objected against shall be fined in ffive hundred Merks. And to the effect that sufficient advertisment

may be given to all parties having vote in Election who are to elect at the Calling of a Parliament or Convention, The Sherifs and Stewarts are hereby ordained to make publication of the Call and diet of the saids Parliament and Convention, and of the Diet appointed for Election, And that at the head Burgh of the shire or Stewartry upon a mercat day betuixt Ten and Tuelve in the forenoon: And also shall make the like Intimation at each paroch kirk on Sunday im~ediatly therafter Which diets for election, shall at least be Tuelve dayes before the meeting of a Parliament or Eight dayes before the meeting of a Convention, That the Commissioners elected may have sufficiency of time to keep the diet of the Parliament or Convention. Likeas His Majesty with consent foresaid Statuts and Ordains the whole Heretors Liferenters and Wodsetters within each shire and Stewartry, to contribute for the Charges of the Commissioners thereof, According to their valuation, except only those who hold of Noblemen or Bishops, or Lands belonging to Burrows Royal in Burgage And also to the expences of the footmantles. [}ACT APPOINTING THE QUORUM OF THE JUSTICE COURT IN TIME OF VACANCE.}] OUR SOVERAIGNE LORD And Estates of Parliament Doe Statute & Ordain that in time of Vacance of the Session Three of the Commissioners of Justitiary shall be a sufficient Quorum who shall meet at Edinburgh in the Moneth of July yearly, any thing contained in the Sixteenth Act of the thrid Session of his Majesties Second Parliament contrary thereto Notwithstanding. [}ACT IN FAVORS OF THE UNIVERSITIE OF SAINT ANDREWS APPOINTING HALFE A MONETHS CESS TO BE RAISED FOR THEIR USE.}] OUR SOVERAIGNE LORD Considering the small and incompetent provisions and Salaries at present possest by the Masters and professours in his famous and ancient University of Sanct-Andrews; Whereby Learning is in great hazard to languish and decay: Doeth for encouragement and Advancement of Learning, with advice and consent of his Estates of Parliament Statute and Ordain that half a Moneths Cess be imposed upon the Land rent of this Kingdom, to be payed in to the Cash-keeper, with the second terms payment of the Cess in the yeers 1682 and 1683; And the money being payed in as afoirsaid, shall be stocked in for the use of the Vniversity foresaid and divyded in its just proportions, to the several Masters, and professours in the severall Colledges therein, by advice and authority of His Majesties Privy Councill.

[}ACT ORDAINING BREAD AND BUTCHER-FLESH, TO BE SOLD BY WEIGHT}] OUR SOVERAIGNE LORD and Estates of Parliament, Considering how necessary it is for the good of the Subjects, that bread and flesh should be within Burgh and Land sold in retail by weight and no otherwayes, Doe therefore Statute and ordaine that in all time comeing, Bread and all Butcher-flesh, as Beeff, Veal, Mutton, Lamb, and Swineflesh, shall be sold by weight, when the same is sold in retail, and no otherways, under the pain of One hundred Pounds Scots Toties quoties. [}ADDITIONAL ACT CONCERNING THE TEST}] OUR SOVERAIGNE LORD and Estates of Parliament, Doe hereby Statute and Ordain that the Test appointed by the Sixth Act of this Parliament to be taken by all Persons in publict Trust, shall be taken by the Admiral-deputs, Judges of the High Court of Admirality and all members of that Court, and all particular Admiral-deputs within the Kingdom: The director of the Chancellary, and all Writers in that Office; The writer to, & underkeeper of the Privy Seale, Surveyers, Waiters for the Kings Customs and Excise through the Kingdom, The Kings Solicitor, The Lyon-Clerk, and by all such as shall be co~missionated to the Convention of Burrowes, at their first Sederunts in their Courts, and in the said Convention; And Ordains all Captains and other Commissionat officers of the Train-bands in Burghs, And such as have any voice in electing of Deacons of Trades within Burghs, And the Clerks of Trades, to take the said Test before the Magistrats of the respective Burghs, And the Deacons of the saids Trades respective before their respective Elections. And also Ordains all persons who shall be named Commissioners for Revaluations, or rectifieing valuation of Lands, to take the foresaid Test, under the pains contained in the said Act of Parliament: And that all persons who have heretable offices from the King not mentioned in the foresaid Act, shall take the foresaid Test in presence of the Lords of Excheq=r= betuixt and the first of January, wherein if they faill, They shall lose their Offices and Casualities thereof during their lifetime. [}ACT CONCERNING PUBLICK DEBTS.}] OUR SOVERAIGNE LORD Considering that diverse Noble-men Barons and Burrows as well members of Committees, Co~missars-General, and their Deputs as others of this Kingdom, during the time of the late troubles and Rebellion, did

give their Bonds for several great Sums of money; which albeit bearing for borrowed money, were imployed for the use of the publick, And for Security whereof, the pretended Authority for the time, did by Acts of pretended Parliaments during these troubles, bind and oblidge the Estates of the Kingdom, to warrand and releive the members of the saids Committees, and all other persons whatsoever, who had given Bonds or security for any Sums imployed for the use of the publick, And that upon the rescinding of these pretended Parliaments, His Majestie and Estates of Parliament after his happie restauration in anno 1661 for Security of all such persons bound in these Bonds, did by an Act in that Parliament, suspend all Execution as well real as personal against the saids persons or their Heirs upon the foresaids Bonds, till the next Parliament; And also in the subsequent Parliament holden in the yeer 1669, did continue the foirsaid suspension ay and while the foirsaids Debts should be [{further{] considered in Parliament. And his Majestie now Considering, that the sums contained in the saids Bonds granted by the foresaids Persons, were imployed for the use of the Publick during the time of the said Rebellion, And that the saids persons by the rescinding of the foresaids [{pretended{] Parliaments, Are cutt off from the benefite of any Releif granted or contained in any of the saids pretended Acts in their favours: Therefore the Kings Majestie with advice and consent of the Estates of Parliament, by this present Act, Exoners and perpetually discharges the saids Noblemen, Barons, and Burrows, And all others granters of the saids Bonds their heirs executors and Successours, of the saids debts and Bonds granted therupon, and of all diligence, pursute, action, or Execution therupon competent as well Real as personall, bygone or in time coming, And declares them and their foirsaids, quit and free thereof for ever. Providing alwayes that no Persons shall have the benefite of this Act, unles they take the Test appointed by the Sixth Act of this present Parliament. Declaring that the Principal Debitour in these Bonds taking the Test, the Cautioner shall be free; And if the principal refuise to take the Test, The Cautioner taking the same shall be free as to his part, Excepting always the Heirs Executors & Successors of the deceist Duke of Rothes late Lord Chancellor, who in respect of his eminent Loyalty and service to his Majestie, Are hereby absolutely exonered and discharged of the saids Debts, without necessity of taking the foresaid Test, upon the account foresaid allenarly; And also excepting Minors, who shall not be oblidged to take the Test upon the foresaid Account, untill they attain to the yeers of Majority. And in regaird ther were debts contracted by the Earles of Cassils & Louthian and others with them in the year 1650, for his Majesties Service, for which they granted their own Bonds, And which are mentioned in ane Act

of Parliament past in their favours in the year 1661, His Majestie with consent foresaid Discharges all Action and execution for the soumes contained in these Bonds against the saids Earles and others who were bound with them and their Successors, In respect the same is a publick debt, The money having been borrowed for his Majesties service as said is. [}ACT ANENT THE PRICES OF FRENCH AND SPANISH SALT.}] OUR SOVERAIGNE LORD Out of his Princely care to encourage the Manufacturies and other publict works of this his ancient Kingdom, and to prevent the unnecessary importation of forreigne Commodities and the exorbitant prices that may be exacted from the Leiges, Therefore His Majestie with advice and consent of the Estates of Parliament, Doeth erect and declare all the Salt works of this Kingdom to be free and publick Manufacturies, Endowing them with all the privileges, Liberties and Immunities granted by Law in favours of any Manufactory within this Kingdom. As also His Majestie Considering that the Inland Salt of this Kingdom is sufficient for all other uses except the cureing of ffishes and Beeff exported, and that the forraign Salt which shall be imployed for the use of the Nation, may be furnished at the Rates following: Therefore His Majestie with advice & consent foirsaid, Doeth Statute and Ordain that all Importers of ffrench Salt or Retailers thereof at the places or ports wher the same is imported, shall not upon any pretence whatsoever, exact more from the Leiges then ffive punds Scots for the Linlithgow boll of ffrench Salt, Including the Forty Shillings per Boll [{payable{] to his Majesty for Excise: And that Importers and Retailers of Spanish salt shall not exceed Six punds for the Linlithgow Boll thereof, Including lykwise the Excise, Under the penaltie of One hundred punds scots Toties Quoties for each Boll they shall sell above the Rates foresaids, The one half thereof to his Majesties use, and the other half to the Discoverer, who shall have power to persew the Importers who shall contraveen this Act before the Judges Ordinary. It is alwaies hereby Declared that this Act shall be but prejudice of his Majesties prerogative asserted by the Twentieth & Sixt Act of the Third Session of his Majesties first Parliament, And that his Majesty may alter the saids Rates, upon such occasions as shall seem necessary to him in his Royal Wisdom. [}COMMISSION FOR REVISING THE LAWS.}] OUR SOVERAIGNE LORD Considering the many prejudices which arise from the great number of useles indistinct and vndigested Laws and that it is worthy of his Princely care, And among the greatest Advantages to the people to have his Laws

not only just in themselves, but consonant to one another, purg'd from what is superfluous or intricat, and reduced into a free and plaine method, therby to establish constant and clear Rules for directing all his Judges Supream and Subaltern: Doeth therfore with consent of his Estates of Parliament, Grant by these presents full power and Co~mission to the persons under written viz: Or to any [^BLANK^] of them, And in case of the deceis of any of them, To such others as his Majesty shall nominat in their vice, as [{oft as{] the same shall fall out, To meet together at whatsoever times and places convenient, ffor peruseing and considering the whole Laws Statuts and Acts of Parliament of this his ancient Kingdom as weel printed as not printed, Together with the Customs Consuetuds and Judiciall Practicks either in the Supream or Subalterne Courts whether Civil or Criminal, which are or have been observed as Laws or Rules of Judgement, by any of these Judicatures; And for that effect to call for all the Registers and Records which containe the saids Laws or Practicks, Either from the Clerk of the Register, Justice-Clerk, or their Deputs or any other persons having any such Records or Registers within this Kingdom, with the Registers of Decreets or Interloquitors of all or any of the saids Courts: And after due consideration thereof, To collect and digest the Laws and Acts of Parliament, Customs, decisions, and formes of Process, into such order and methods as shall seem most fit and expedient to them: As also to determine the true Sense meaning and Interpretation of all such Laws Acts and practicks, as are unclear or doubtfull in themselves, Or have or may receive divers senses or interpretations: Which Commission is to endure for [^BLANK^] years or longer if his Majestie in his Royal Wisdom shall find it expedient to prorogate the same, Within which tyme His Majesty doeth hereby Require and command the saids Commissioners to expead and performe the said Task And to digest and reduce the same into such convenient order As they shall judge fitt: Leaving out the obsolet and abrogat Acts, That the Acts in vigor in the severall Parliaments may be printed together and the rest remaine as unprinted Acts, To the effect that the samen may be delivered to His Majesty or his Commissioner, with their opinion theranent That His Majesty and his Estates of Parliament at some ensueing Convention in Parliament, May establish and enact the same in forme of Laws, If His Majesty and the saids Estates shall Judge the samen just and convenient. It is always hereby declared that this shall not prejudge his Majesties Patents in favours of the Lord Register and others appointed by him for printing the Acts of Parliament.

[}ACT ANENT THE LYONE KING AT ARMS}] OUR SOVERAIGNE LORD Considering that the Ninth Act of this Parliament doeth ordain the Lyon King at Armes to depose such Messingers at Armes as doe not put Captions in execution Notwithstanding of Protections in manner exprest in the said Act, Therefore His Majesty with consent of his Estates of Parliament, Doeth declare that the Lyon is and shall be sole Judge in the case foresaid Any thing in the Contrair notwithstanding [}ACT IN FAVORS OF THE TOWN OF EDINBURGH ANENT THE CONDUIT OF WATER BROUGHT THERETO.}] OUR SOVERAIGNE LORD and Estates of Parliament Takeing to their serious Consideration the vigilancy and care of the Magistrats of the City of Edinburgh & the great and vast pains and expences bestowed by them in acquireing fountains wells and springs of water and liberty for carieing the said water by Pypes and conduits from severall Heretors through their Lands and grounds to the Toune of Edinburgh for the generall good and conveniency of all his Majesties Subjects resideing in or repairing thereto which might be rendred ineffectuall by the malice and wickednes of some persons through their breaking or imbeziling of the same Unles the same were prevented and provided against, Therfore Our said Soveraigne Lord with advice and consent of his Estates of Parliament for the saids Magistrats further encouragement to insist in so good and necessary works, Doeth not only Ratifie approve and confirm The Rights made to the said City of Edinburgh thereof, In the haill heads articles Clauses and conditions thereof and all Acts of Privy Councill made in their favours for secureing thereof, But also doeth strictly Prohibit & discharge all persones whatsomever from taking up, brakeing, imbazelling or anyways spoiling their saids ffountaines, Cisternes, leaden and other pipes and conduits belonging or which hereafter shall be acquired and belong to the said City of Edinburgh, which are or shall hereafter be made vse of for conveying the water to the said City or any part thereof Or doe any thing which may impead the said work and current of the water, Certifieing such as shall be found to transgress, That they shall be lyable to such pains and punishments as the Law doeth provyd in such caices which shall be inflicted vpon them with all rigor; And for their farder encouragement in so good and necessar a work, Our Soveraigne Lord with advice and consent foirsaid Doeth Authorize and Empower the saids Magistrats of Edinburgh, To beit mend and help the Cisterns pypes and conduits of the said water wherever the samen shall

happen to break or spring without waiting for the Heretors leave and liberty wher the samen shall happen (They always paying and satisfieing the saids Heretors and others for any da~mage and loss which they shall happen to sustaine therby At the sight and determination of tuo honest men to be neutrally chosen be both parties) With power also to the saids Magistrats of the said City of Edinburgh, Sheriffs and others in authority within their respective Jurisdictions, To search for and apprehend all persons who shall be informed to be guilty of the said crime, And upon evidence of their Guilt to co~mitt them to prisone till they be proceeded against and judged according to Law. [}ACT ANENT THEIKING OF HOUSES IN EDINBURGH & SOME OTHER BURGHS ROYALL WITH LEAD, SCLATES &C.}] OUR SOVERAIGNE LORD Considering the danger that may ensue from theicking of houses within the towne of Edinburgh with Straw Bent or other Combustible matter, The Toun being thereby exposed to the hazard of fyre And that the same is nowayes decent to be seen in the Cheif City of this Kingdom, Therefore His Majesty with consent of his Estates of Parliament, Doeth Prohibit and discharge the theicking of any houses in the said Toun Cannogate and other Suburbs therof in tyme coming with Straw Bent or heather, But ordains them to be theicked with lead sclait scail+gie or tyle, And Statuts and ordains that such houses within the said Toun as are at present theicked with strae, be theicked of new with sclait or tyle within the space of ane yeer after the date hereof under all highest pain and charge that after may follow; And lykways ordains all houses that shall be built in time coming in the Burghs of Glasgow Aberdeen Dundy & Stirling, to be theiked with lead, sclait, scail+gie or tyle and no otherways, under the foresaid penalty, And reco~mends to His Majesties Privy Councill upon application to be made to them by the Magistrats of any other Burgh Royall, to give the like Warrand and ordor for the theiking of housses within their Burgh. [}ACT ANENT THE MORTIFICATION MADE BY THOMAS MUDIE OF DALRY FOR BUILDING A KIRK IN EDINBURGH.}] ANENT a Petition presented to his Majesty and Estates of Parliament be the Magistrats and Councill of the Burgh of Edinburgh and Sir William Maxwell of Calderwood as haveing right from the heir of the deceist Thomas Mudie of Dalry and Sone in Law to the said heir, Mentioning that the deceist Thomas Mudie of Dalry having by his Band the tuenty fyft day of December 1649 Bound and oblidged him his airs and successors to bestow Tuentie

Thousand Merkes for building of a Church in the place called the Grass-mercat within the Burgh At the sight of the Thesaurer of the Kirk session of the same And which soume was accordingly payed to the good Toun in the year I=m= vj=c~= Sixtie [^BLANK^] years, And sieing this pious & worthy donation is become altogether ineffectuall, Because the said Grass-mercat is now absolutly necessar for want of other places, to be a mercat for pitch, tarr, grass, herbs, horse, nolt, sheep, and other things which can be exposed to Sale in no other place. Likeas His Majesty and his Ministers having taken from the Petitioners the south bank of the Castle of Edinburgh which was the ordinary place for publict executions of Malefactors They have no other place besids the said Grass mercat for any such execution, So that the will of the defunct not being able to take place in the specifick forme designed by himself, And it being unjust that it should be altogether ineffectuall, The Laws and Customs hath therfore provyded that such pious Donations which cannot take effect in the specifick termes in which they were at first left, should be fulfilled by the sight of the Heir and of the Magistrats of the place in the fittest way and manner for preserving the memory of the Defunct And the said Sir William Maxwell having right in manner foirsaid Hath condescended and agreed with the Magistrats of the Burgh of Edinburgh, And with the Thesaurer of the Kirk-Sessions By whose advice the said publict donation is to be perfyted, To employ the said Tuentie Thousand Merkes upon a Pale of Bells and in building a Steeple at the Westport At which the People of the West-Country enter, In which West-Country the said Thomas was borne, And therfore humbly supplicating That his Majesty and Estates of Parliament might interpose their Authority to the bestowing of the said money in manner foirsaid, To the effect the Petitioners may be secured in all Events, as having obtemperat the will of the dead in equivalent terms His Majestie and Estates of Parliament having heard and considered the foirsaid Petition and Report of the Lords of the Articles theranent, Together with the consent of the Airs, And in regaird the Mortification above mentioned cannot take effect now in the specifick termes of the Defuncts Mortification In respect of the use made of the place wher the Kirk was to be built, And that the Toun of Edinburgh is alredy sufficiently provided of Kirks for the use of the Inhabitants, And that ther was not a Soume mortified be the Defunct for the mantenance of a Minister to serve the Cuir at the said Kirk, Doe Find and declare that the speciall destination of the sowme mortified may be altered in this caice, And doe recommend to the Lords of his Majesties Privy Councill to see the soume employed by the Toune of Edinburgh as neer the will of the defunct as can be.

[}ACT & COMMISSION IN FAVORS OF WILLIAM EARLE OF QUEENSBERRIE, ANENT THE DELIVERIE OF ANE BLANK-BAND ALLEDGED TO BE IN BARSKIMINGS CHARTOR-CHIST.}] ANENT a Petition presented to the Kings Ma=tie= and Estates of Parliament by William Earle of Queensberry Bearing that the deceist Gilbert Richard of Barskiming being intrusted as the petitioners Chamberlane And having had the trust of his Papers & management of his affairs The Petitioner amongst other things did intrust the said deceist Gilbert with ane Band granted be him blank in the Creditors name, to the effect that therupon he might borrow money for the petitioners behoove, But before borrowing of any such money, The said Gilbert did deceis leaving the said blank Band and other Papers belonging to the Petitioner amongst his oun writes, which falling into the hands of James Richard his sone, were detained be him during his life, And since his deceis His Children being Minors Are under the Government of several Tutors, The saids Tutors had access to the Chartor Chist and Cabinets wher the said Blank band and other papers belonging to the Petitioner did lye, and did find the same and had the said Band with other papers belonging to the Petitioner in their hands and Custody And did shift and convey the same from hand to hand, Wherupon the Petitioner did intent a Proces of Reduction and Improbation of the said band before the Lords of Session Against James Richard sone to the said James Richard & Marion & Elizabeth Richards his Sisters, And als~ against John Lord Bargany, Robert Hamilton of Pressmennan John Hamilton of Barncleugh David Boswell of Auchinleck and James Johnstone writer to the Signet Tutours to the said Children of the said deceist James Richard In whose hands the said blank Band once was, wherin they have suffered decreit of Reduction to pass against them But the Petitioner is noways secured thereby, sieing the foirsaid Band is yet keept up and conveyed from hand to hand And may be filled up in the Creditors name at their pleasure, wherby the Petitioner is extreamly prejudged And cannot remeid himself in the co~mon course of Law before the Judge ordinar, And sieing the foirnamed persons in whose hands the said blank Band and other Writes belonging to the Petitioner once were or who still have the same or have fraudfully abstracted and put the same away, At leist they know and were Accessory to and did [{co~nive{] at the conveyance of the said Blank band, And did consult and advise as to the way and manner of keeping of and disposing upon the said Band, And did common and conferr theranent, And therfore the foirnamed persons Ought to condescend as to the Methods and conveyance

of the foirsaid Blank Band, And in whose hands and custody the samen now is, And should exhibit & produce the same Blank-band in the Creditors name, At the least with ane Assigna=o=n thereto from the Person whose name is filled up therin, And the same should be delivered to the Petitioner to be cancelled or declared void and null, Or otherways the foirnamed persons As they who were Accessory and of the designe and knowledge of the Conveyance and abstracting and away putting of the said Blank bond should be decerned & ordained validly to secure the Petitioner against the same And against all da~mage and prejudice that he may sustain therthrow, And to find sufficient Caution to the Petitioner for that effect, And therfore humbly craving that a Committee might be appointed to examine the said haill Affair as to the Conveyance of the said Band And every thing relating therunto, And that the said Chartor Chist And haill writes pertaining to Barskiming might be searched and secured in manner under written, And Accordingly ther being a Committee appointed to the effect foirsaid And they haveing made their Report, The Kings Majestie and Estates of Parliament having heard and considered the foirsaid Petition with the depositions of the Lord Bargeny and James Johnstone Writer taken by the said Committee and report foirsaid, Doe grant Warrant and Commission to the sherif principal of the Shire of Lanerick and his deputs In caice the said Chartor Chist of Barskiming be in that Shire, And to the sherif principal of the Shire of Air and his Deputs if the same be in that Shire, To open the said Chartor-Chist And to take inspection thereof, And if the blank-band above mentioned in the Petition be found in the said Chartor-Chist doe grant warrant to them to deliver up the said Blank band to the Earle of Queensberry Petitioner And therafter to appoint the said Chartor-chist to be Sealled by [^BLANK^] Hamiltone of Barncleugh. [}ACT IN FAVORS OF THE SHIRE & BURGH OF DUMFREIS ANENT A CUSTOME UPON THE WATER OF NITH.}] THE Kings Majestie and Estates of Parliament having considered a Petition presented by the Noblemen & Gentlemen of the sherifdome of Drumfries and Galloway for themselves and in name of the haill Inhabitants thereof, Representing that the Burgh of Drumfreis have been in use for a long tyme past to exact custom of all goods & bestiall that pass the River of Nith Not only at the Bridge and Toun of Drumfreis, But for the space of Tuelve myles up & tuelve mylls doune the same And Ansuers made +t=r=to by the Magistrats of Drumfreis, Togither with ane signed Agreement betuixt the saids parties anent the vplifting of the

saids Customs, Doe Statute and Ordaine that Conform to the said Agreement the Customs & Impost of all goods and bestiall as the same hes been in use to be exacted by the Magistrats of the Burgh of Drumfreis, Shall be uplifted by them hereafter from Portractfoord exclusive dounward to the Water mouth of Nith ffor manteining the Bridge of Drumfreis, And that at Portractfoord and all upwards to the March of Kyle shall hereafter be uplifted by such as shall be appointed by the Earle of Queensberry And the Commissioners of the Shire for repairing and manteining the Bridge of Drumlangrig, wherin the said Burgh of Drumfreis is to have no Interest. [}ACT ANENT THE SALMOND-FISHING IN THE WATER OF NITH.}] OUR SOVERAIGNE LORD Considering that the slaying of Salmond in forbidden time is discharged by several Acts of Parliament And that the Salmond fishing within the water of Nith doeth differ much from any other salmond fishing within this Kingdom In regaird the Salmond within that River does never begin to spawne till after the Tuentieth day of October, And that the only proper time for salmond fishing within the said water of Nith is from the first of March to the first day of November Doe Therefore with advice and consent of the Estates of Parliament hereby Statute & Ordain that in all time coming the salmond fishing within the said water of Nith shall begin vpon the first day of March and continue to the first day of November yearly, And prohibits and discharges all slaying of Salmond within the said water of Nith from the first day of November to the first day of March under the pains contained in the former Acts of Parliament made anent slaying of Salmond in forbidden times.

[}AT EDINBURGH, JUNE XIV, M,DC,LXXXVI.}] [}ACT APPOINTING THE EARL OF MURRAY & LORD DOUN CONVEENERS OF THE COMMISSIONERS OF SUPPLY IN THE SHYRE OF INVERNESS}] THE Kings Majestie and Estates of Parliament Considering that the Lord Lovat who was nominat Conveener of the Commissioners of supply in the shyre of Inverness is Minor Doe Nominate and Appoynt the Earle of Morray His Ma~ties Commissioner and in his absence the Lord Doun his son to be Conveener of the Commissioners of Supply in the said shyre

[}ACT OF DISSOLUTION OF THE LANDS OF CULTNESS, NORTHBERWICK AND GOODTRIES FROM THE CROWN IN FAVORS OF JAMES EARLE OF ARRAN}] OUR SOVERAIGNE LORD and Estates of Parliament Takeing into their Consideration That his Ma~ties Commissioner as haveing speciall warrand and Commission from his Ma~tie Haveing proposed and expounded in plain Parliament The great and faithfull services done to his Ma=tie= and his Royal brother of ever blissed memorie by James Earle of Arran first gentleman of his Ma~ties bed chamber, and his Constant zeal and faithfulness to the interest of the Croun And particularly the said Earle of Arran his extraordinary expences when imployed by his Ma~ties said dearest brother as Envoy to +te French King, And of his activeness against +te late Earle of Argyle and the other Rebells associat with him in +te year I=m= vj=c~= eightie five ffor w=ch= he had no allowance at least not suteable to his expences And that he had faithfully executed the saids offices And did very weell behave himselfe +t=r=in and that he was instrumental in the defait of the saids Rebells and had performed several other good and acceptable services All which being proposed and Layed open in plain Parliament to the end the thrie Estates might give his Ma~tie +t=r= Judgement advice and determination, (\re integra\) , whither the samen wer true good and reasonable Causes of Publick Concernment for dissolveing the Lands and barrony of Cultness lyand within the sherifdome of Lanerk and the Lands of Northberwick lyand within the Constabulary of Haddingtoun And alse the Lands of Goodtries with the teynds and pertinents +t=r=of lyand within the Sherifdome of Edinburgh sometyme pertaining to Thomas and David Steuarts late elder and younger of Cultness Togither with all other Lands a~rents and others pertaining and belonging to them, ffrom the Croun, And w=ch= fell and became in his Ma~ties hands through the Crymes of Treason and laese Ma~tie acted Committed and don be them and either of them and the doome and Sentence of forfaulture given and pronunced against them for the samen upon the [^BLANK^] and [^BLANK^] dayes of [^BLANK^] and [^BLANK^] I=m= vj=c~= Eightie five years And wer annexed to the Croun by the fourty second act of the first Session of this current Parliament And by the [^BLANK^] act of this present Session of Parliament And the said Estates of Parliament after longe and mature deliberation treating and Consulting anent the premisses being fully satisfied and Convinced that the particular Services and expences above mentioned done performed and expended by the said James Earle of Arran The trueth whereof is clearly knoun and did appear to them as just weighty and important reasons Concerning

both his Ma~ties interest and the publick good and weelfare of this Kingdome That they should advise and Consent to his Ma~ties giveing and disponing the saids Lands of Cultness Northberwick Goodtries and the other Lands above written with the pertinents To the said James Earle of Arran his aires or assigneys And for that effect That the saids Lands should be dissolved from the Croun and from the saids tuo acts of Annexation Therfor his Ma=ty= with advice and Consent of the Estates of Parliament Decernes Ordaines and Declares That the saids Lands and barrony of Cultness and Lands of Northberwick and Goodtries above written some tyme belonging to the saids Thomas and David Steuarts late Elder & younger of Cultness with all other Lands heretages a~rents and others belonging to them or either of them which came in his Ma~ties hands and wer annexed to +te Croun in maner forsaid May be disponed to the said James Earle of Arran and his forsaids And for that effect have dissolved and hereby dissolves the samen from +te Croun and patrimony +t=r=of and from +te saids tuo acts of annexation The one made the sexteinth day of June I=m= vj=c~= eightie five and the other made the [^BLANK^] day of May I=m= vj=c~= eightie sex and from all other acts of annexation And from all Clauses qualities & Conditions therin Contained And his Ma~tie with advice and Consent forsaid finds decernes and Declares this present act of dissolution having proceeded upon advice and deliberation of the Estates of Parliament (\re integra\) and found by the sd~s Estates to be for great weighty and reasonable Causes Concerning +te good weelfair and publick interest of the wholl Kingdome first proposed advised and maturely pondered and Considered in plain Parliament (\re integra\) and found by +te said Estates to be for great weighty and reasonable Causes befor any previous grant or other Right or deed given made or done by his Ma~tie in favors of the said James Earle of Arran and his forsaids of the Lands and others above mentioned or any pairt or portion of the samyn Does fully satisfie the wholl Clauses Conditions and qualifications contained in the forsd~s tuo acts of annexation and shall have the force strength and effect of a general Law and act of Parliament and shall be alse valid and effectual to the said James Earle of Arran and his forsaids for their security in the saids Lands of Cultness Northberwick Goodtries and others above exprest with the pertinents as any other act of dissolution granted by his Ma~tie or his Royall ancestors with advice and Consent of their Estates of Parliament In favors of whatever Person at any tyme hertofore Lykeas his Ma~ty with advice and Consent forsaid finds Decernes and Declares That this present act of dissolution is and shall not be understood to fall under or be Comprehended in any act (\Salvo Jure\) to be past in this or any other Session of this current Parliament But is hereby Excepted

+t=r=frae in all tyme comeing. It is always hereby declared that this act of dissolution of the Lands of Northberwick w=ch= did once belong to the said Thomas Steuart sometymes of Cultnes shall not prejudge +te senators of +te Colledge of Justice as to +t=r= right and interest in +te said Lands who are hereby declared preferable for +te same [}ACT OF DISSOLUTION OF THE LANDS OF ROBERTON &C. FROM THE CROWN IN FAVORS OF WALTER LATE EARLE OF TARRAS}] OUR SOVERAIGNE LORD and Estates of Parliament takeing into +t=r= Consideration That his Ma~ties Commissioner as haveing special warrand and instruction from his Ma~tie haveing proposed and exponded in plain Parliament the great benefite and advantage that did arrise to the Croun and government of this Kingdome by the full and sincere Confession made by Walter late Earle of Tarras of severall matters and Circumstances relateing to the late horrid Conspiracie, The discovery whereof did in a great measure contribute towards the preventing the fatall consequences and effects which soe apparently threatned the Peace of his Ma~ties dominions As also the promises and assureances given to him at the tyme of the said discovery of his Princes bounty and favor upon that account All w=ch= being proposed and layed open in plain Parliament To the end the thrie Estates might give his Ma~tie their Judgement advice and determination (\re integra\) whither the samen wer true good and reasonable Causes for dissolving from +te Croun the Lands of Robertoun, Howcleugh and Borthwickmayns with +te pertinents which formerly appertained to +te said Walter late Earle of Tarras and came in his Ma~ties hands through the doome and sentence of forfalture given and pronunced against him befor the Lords of his Ma~ties Justiciary upon +te [^BLANK^] day of [^BLANK^] I=m= vj=c~= [^BLANK^] years and wer annexed to +te Croun by +te fourty second act of the first session of this current Parliament And +te saids Estates of Parliament after mature deliberation, and treating and Consulting anent +te premisses being fully satisfied & Convinced that +te particular services done and performed by +te said Walter late Earle of Tarras in his Confession and discovery forsaid And +te benefite and advantage +t=r=by accrueing to the Croun and Kingdome, and the promises and assureances given to him of his Princes bounty and favor The truth q=r=of is sufficiently knoun and was made appear to them, are just weighty & important Causes Concerning both his Ma~ties interest and the Publick good & weelfair of this Kingdome That they should advise and Consent to his Ma~ties giveing and disponing the saids Lands of Robertoun Howcleugh and Borthwickmaynes with the pertinents to +te said Walter late Earle of Tarras his aires and assigneys And for that effect +t=t= +te samen

should be dissolved from +te Croun and from +te forsaid act of annexation Therfor his Ma~ty with advice and Consent of +te Estates of Parliament Decernes Ordaines & declares That the saids Lands of Robertoun Howcleugh and Borthwickmaynes with the pertinents may be disponed to +te said Walter late Earle of Tarras and his forsaids, and for +t=t= effect hes dissolved and hereby Dissolves the samen from +te Croun and Patrimony +t=r=of and from +te forsaid act of annexation made +te sexteinth day of June I=m= vj=c~= Eightie five And from all other acts of annexation And from all Clauses qualities and Conditions +t=r=in contained And his Ma~tie with advice and Consent forsaid ffinds decernes and declares that this present act of dissolution haveing proceeded upon +te advice and deliberation of +te Estates of Parliament (\re integra\) , and found be +te said Estates to be for great weighty & reasonable Causes Concerning +te good weelfair and publict interest of +te whole Kingdome first proposed and advised, and maturely pondered and Considered befor any previous grant or other right or deed given made or done by his Ma~ty in favors of the said Walter late Earle of Tarras and his forsaids of the Lands and others above mentioned or any pairt or portion of +te samen Does fully satisfie +te wholl Clauses Conditions and qualifications Contained in +te forsd~ act of annexation And shall have +te force strength and effect of a generall Law or act of Parliament and shall be alse valid and effectuall to +te said Walter late Earle of Tarras and his forsd~s for +t=r= security of +te lands and o+t=rs= above # exprest as any other act of dissolution granted by his Ma~ty or his Royall ancestors with advice and Consent of +te Estates of Parliament in favors of whatever Person at any tyme hertofore Lykeas his Ma=tie= with advice and Consent forsaid ffinds decernes and declares That this present act of dissolution shall not be understood to fall under or be Comprehended in any act (\Salvo Jure\) , to be past in this or any other Session of this current Parliament But is hereby Excepted +t=r=frae in all tyme comeing [}ACT PROHIBITING THE IMPORTING OF IRISH VICTUALL AND CATTLE}] OUR SOVERAIGNE LORD with advice and Consent of the Estates of Parliament Does Ratifie and approve the third act of the third session of the Second Parliament of King Charles the Second against the importation of Irish Victuall with this alteration viz That all the Victuall that shall be imported shall be sunke and destroyed and the seazer or discoverer in place of the third pairt of the victuall alloued him by the forsaid act for his reward shall have the boat barke or vessell wherein the said victuall shall be imported to dispose of at his Pleasure Togither with the halfe of the fynes by the forsaid act imposed upon the importers,

recepters and heretors and the other halfe of the sd~ fynes to belong to his Ma~tie As Lykeways his Ma~tie with advice and consent forsaid Inacts and ordaines That no horse maers or Catle whatsomever shall be imported from Ireland to this Kingdome under the pain and penalty of forfaulture of the horse maers or Catle that shall be imported and farder of paying the soume of ane hundered merks scots for each beast that shall be soe imported The one halfe of both the beasts and fynes to belonge to the seazer and discoverer and the other halfe to his Ma~tie, As Lykeways That no person w=t=in this Kingdome Recept or buy any horse maers or nolt that they know to be imported out of Ireland under the paine of ane hundered merks scots for each beast besyds the forfaulture of the beasts themselves, The one halfe to belonge to the discoverer, (he always persueing and instructeing the same, within sex months after importation) and the other halfe to his Ma~tie and Recomends to the Lords of Council To nominat and appoynt such Persons as they shall think fitt for seing this act putt in execution [}ACT DECLAREING THAT INHIBITIONS SHALL NOT BE PREJUDGED BY RECOGNITION}] OUR SOVERAIGNE LORD with advice and Consent of his Estates of Parliament Statuts and Ordaines that in tyme comeing no inhibition duely execute shall be prejudged or disapoynted by the debitors doeing deeds after the inhibition inferring recognition, but that the Lands falling under Recognition shall be burdened with the prior inhibition and grounds +t=r=of. [}ACT FOR BURYING IN SCOTTS LINNEN}] OUR SOVERAIGNE LORD for the encouradgement of linen manufactories within this Kingdome and prevention of +te exportation of +te moneys +t=r=of, for the buying and importeing of Linen Doeth with advice and Consent of his Estates of Parliament Statute and ordaine That hereafter no Corps of any Person or Persons whatsoever shall be buried in any shirt sheet or any thing else except in plaine linen or cloath of hards made and spunn within the Kingdom without lace or poynt Dischargeing from hencefurth the makeing use of Holland or vther linen cloath made in other Kingdomes all silke hair or woollen gold or silver or any other stuff whatsoever then what is made of flax or hards spunn and wrought within the Kingdome as said is and that under the pain and penalty of thrie hundered punds scots toties quoties for a nobleman, and 200 lib~ for each other Persone wherof one halfe to the discoverer and the other halfe to the Poor of the paroch where the

saids corps shall be so interred And for the better discovery of the contraveeners It is hereby further statute and ordained that every minister within the Kingdome shall keep a book containing ane exact accompt and register of all persons buried within ther said parish As also that some one or moe of the relations of the Person deceased or other Credible Person (tenents in the Countrey and Cottars being always excepted) shall within eight dayes after such interment bring a certificat upon oath in wryteing witnessed by tuo famous persons, to the minister declareing that the said person was wind or wrapt in maner herein prescribed which certificates are to be recorded by the minister or reader of the Parish gratis without exacting any money +t=r=for, And if no relation of the Pairtie buried or other person shall bring such a certificat within the said tyme of eight dayes that then and in that caice the goods and gear of the Pairty deceased shall be and are hereby declared lyable to the forsaid forfaultur to be pursued at the instance of the minister of the said parish befor any Judge Competent and in caice the Pairties prove litigious by advocateing or suspending the said sentence The said Judges are hereby authorized and impouered to modifie expences as they shall find Cause and if such persones dyed in familia the father and mother or other Relationes in whose family they die are hereby declared lyable for the said fyne, And it is hereby statute and ordained that if the minister in whose parish any such Corps shall be so interred prove negligent in pursueing the Contraveeners within sex moneths after the said buriall he is hereby declared lyable for the said fyne the one halfe to the poor, and the other halfe to the discoverer to be divided in maner forsaid As also his Ma~tie with advice forsaid, statuts and ordaines, that no wooden Coffin shall exceed ane hundered merks scots as the highest rate for Persones of the greatest quality and soe proportionaly for Persones of meaner qualitie under the paine of tuo hundered merks scots for each contravention. [}ACT FOR WRITEING SASINES BE WAY OF BOOK }] OUR SOVERAIGNE LORD takeing into his Consideration That Seasings doe extend to great length by reasone of inserting and repeating of the wholl provisions of the Chartor therin Therfor his Majesty with advice and Consent of his Estates of Parliament for the more easy and commodious perusall +t=r=of Statuts and Ordaines that it shall be laufull for Pairties if they think fitt to cause wreat & extend +t=r= sasings by way of book, The attestation of the notar Condescending upon the number of the leaves in the book, and each leafe being signed by the notar and witnesses to the giveing of the seasing And Ratifies all seasins already written by way of book by warrand of his Ma~ties Privy Councill.

[}ACT APPOYNTING THE PUBLICATION OF THE TESTIMONIES OF WITNESSES}] OUR SOVERAIGNE LORD Considering how much it does import & Concerne the good and interest of his Ma~ties Lieges and the due administration of Justice that witnesses be distinctly and fully examined and ther depositions written in plaine and clear words as they are given Therfor his Majesty with Advice and Consent of the Estates of Parliament Statuts and Ordaines that in all processes presently depending or to be intented befor the Lords of Privy Council Lords of Session and all other Judges within this Kingdome, the witnesses who are made use of and adduced +t=r=in shall be examined in presence of +te Pairties or their advocats They being present at +te dyets of examination And +t=t= +t=r= be publication of +te testimonies of +te witnesses in +te Clerks hands allowed to +te Pairties Gratis befor adviseing to the effect Pairties may have Copies +t=r=of If they think fitt Any Law or act of Parliament Custome or useage to +te Contrar notwithstanding. [}AT EDINBURGH, JUNE XIV, M,DC,LXXXVI. (\A MERIDIE.\) }] [}COMMISSION FOR REGULATION OF JUDICATORIES}] OUR SOVERAIGNE LORD from his Royall and Princely Care of the good and weelfair of this his ancient Kingdome being desireous to prevent and redress all abuses and unwarrantable exactions within the same, especially in offices of publict trust, and in the dispensation of Justice To the effect the samen may be speedily and impartially administrat with alse litle trouble and expence to his subjects as the nature of such affaires and proceedings can admitt of And his Ma~tie lykeways Considering that his dearest brother King Charles the Second of blissed memory haveing by a Commission under the great seall of this Kingdom of the date the tuenty ane day of September I=m= vj=c~= Sexty nyne for the same end and designe impowered and authorized the Persons +t=r=in mentioned to make such Rules ordors and Constitutions, as might prevent +te samen in tyme coming And who in persueance of the said Commission did aggrie upon certain articles of Regulation relateing to the Session Justice Court and Excheq=r= All which are ratiefied by the 16=th= act of the 3=d= Sess: of the second Parl: K: Ch: 2=d= But the saids Commissioners wer not able through the shortness of tyme fully to perfyte & accomplish soe great and necessary a worke, as the good and interest of the Kingdome

requires And his Ma~tie being now fully resolved to prosecute soe good a work for the universall good of his subjects and to perfyte the same That his subjects may be Convinced and sensible of +t=r= great happiness and prosperity under his protection and government Therfor his Majesty with advice and Consent of his Estates of Parliament Gives full pouer warrand and Commission To [^BLANK LINE IN TEXT^] Whereof the number of [^BLANK^] to be a quorum to meet and Conveen at Ed~=r= the [^BLANK^] day of [^BLANK^] years and +t=r=after at such tymes and dyets as they shall appoynt, And with pouer to the saids Commissioners to take full and exact tryall of all abuses and other exorbitancies or exactions which are practised in prejudice of his Ma~ties Lieges in any offices of Judicature or others within this his ancient Kingdome and to take tryall and information by all maner of probation +t=r=anent, and how the saids abuses have Creept in, and from what tyme, and to take notice and tryall of the authors and Committers thereof and to transmitt ane exact and perfect account to his Ma~tie of the samen, That he may signifie his Royall pleasure and give what directions +t=r=in he thinks Just, And for the effectuall preventing and restraining the samen in tyme coming His Ma~tie with advice and Consent forsaid does hereby authorize and impower the forsaids persones or quorum therof to make such ordors acts and Constitutions for regulating the samen in tyme coming as they shall find Just, under such penaltys and certifications to be incurred by the Contraveeners as the saids Commissioners shall find necessary in that behalfe; All which acts ordinances and Constitutions made by the saids Commissioners and approven under his Ma~ties Royall hand His Ma~tie with advice and Consent forsaid Does Ratifie approve and Confirme and decernes & ordaines the samen to be putt to execution and to have full force strength and effect against the Contraveeners in all tyme comeing And likeways his Majesty with Consent forsaid does hereby authorize and impower the saids Commissioners to prescribe and sett doun clear and distinct Rules for the inferior Judicatories in this Kingdome as to +t=r= Competencie and the nature of their Jurisdictions That his Ma~ties Lieges may be at a certanty and not be putt to truble and expence by being called and forced to compeir and attend befor different Courts for the same Cause Hereby inhibiting and dischargeing the saids Judges to proceed or determine in any other actions or Causes then what shall be found by the saids Commissioners to be proper and Competent for +t=r= Jurisdictions Declareing all such acts and decreets to be given and pronunced by them in matters not competent to +t=r= Jurisdictions to be null and voyd and +te Judges to be lyable to the

damnage and prejudice of +te Pairtie grieved and to be punishable at the sight of +te Lords of Privie Councill for transgressing +t=r= Jurisdiction, And to the effect soe just and necessary a work may meet with no obstruction from the negligence or not attendance of +te forsaids Commissioners His Ma~ty with advice and Consent forsaid Statuts ordaines and Declares that the Commissioners who without a just and laufull excuse (to be alloued by such of the Commissioners who shall meet) shall not attend the dyet of meeting appoynted or to be appoynted for carieing on of +te said worke shall incurr the pain of [^BLANK^] toties quoties to be disposed of by the Commissioners as they shall think just and for which letters of horning and poynding are hereby granted And it is hereby declared that this Commission shall continue and endure dureing his Ma~ties pleasure and ay and whill the samen shall be recalled or discharged by his Ma~tie [}ACT OF REFERENCE TO THE COUNCILL ANENT ALLOWING IMPORTATIONE OF PROHIBITED GOODS}] OUR SOVERAIGNE LORD Considering that by the 12=th= act of the 3=d= Parliament of K: Ch: the 2=d= intituled, Act for encouradgement of trade and manufactories The several species of goods therin mentioned are prohibited and discharged to be imported into this Kingdome under the paines and Certifications exprest in the said act And in regaird the manufactories already established are not yet able to Provide and furnish the Kingdome with all the species of goods prohibited to be imported by the said act And his Ma~tie being still desireous to give all due encouradgement to the said manufactories Therfor his Ma~tie with advice and Consent of his Estates of Parliament Does hereby authorize and empouer the Lords of his Ma~ties Privie Council to allow the importation of such species of goods as they shall find just and necessary for the interest of the Kingdome notwithstanding of the prohibition contained in the forsaid act of Parliament And decernes and declares that the importers +t=r=of shall be free from incurring the paynes and certificationes contained in +te samen act for such tyme and space as the Lords of his Ma~ties Privie Councill shall think fitt to allow the samen and no longer [}ACT ANENT THE REGISTRATION OF SASINES & REVERSIONS}] OUR SOVERAIGNE LORD Considering That where Sasines and other wryts and diligences appoynted to be registrat are duely presented to the keepers of Registers, It is their duety to Cause duely and laufully registrat the same for the security of the Pairty and intimation of +te Lieges Therfor his Majesty with advice and Consent of his Estates of Parliament Statuts and ordaines

That where sasines and other wreats are presented to +te Keepers of Registers, and delivered back to the Pairty bearing a record and attestation under +t=r= hand that the same are registrat It shall make the samen sufficient and valide for +te security of the Pairty, albeit by the omission or negligence of +te keeper of the Register or his deputs they should not be found booked or insert in +te Register And to +te effect +t=t= all deputs intrusted with the Care and keeping of +te Registers may faithfully doe and execute +t=r= office His Ma~tie with advice and Consent forsaid Statutes and ordaines That in caice by their omission or negligence any wreats presented to them and marked with their hands to be registrat shall not be found booked and insert in +te Register The sd~s deputs guilty of such omission and negligence shall be punishable as forgerers of +te publict Registers and records and shall be lyable in damnage and prejudice to any pairtie who shall be prejudged by the said omission or negligence And his Ma~tie with advice forsaid Statutes ordaines and declares that thir pn~ts shall no ways derogat from +te Sexteinth act of the 22 Par: K: J: the 6=th= entituled Act anent the Registration of Reversions Sasines and other wryts which shall remaine in its full force and strength in all poynts as befor the makeing of this present act. [}ACT AND COMMISSION FOR PLANTATION OF KIRKS AND VALUATION OF TEYNDS}] FORASMUCH as his Ma~ties father of ever blissed memory out of his Royall Care and Zeall for the Reformed Religion within this Kingdom and the mantainance and provision of +te ministery and Churches thereof and the Peace of the Kingdome and for preventing and setling all differences that did or might arrise betuixt Titulars and others having right to teynds and heretors Concerning +te leading and drawing of their teynds, And immediatly after his attaining and succeeding to +te Croun gave furth and emitted his Royall declaration anent +te premisses and the other particulars +t=r=in specified And in pursueance of the ends forsaid divers Lawes and acts of Parliament wer made in the year of our Lord 1633 His said Ma~tie being then present in his Royall person And since diverse acts of Parliament and Commissions have been made given and renued to that purpose and particularly by the 15=th= act of the 3=d= session of the second Parl: K: Ch: the 2=d= his Ma~ties umq=l~l~= Royall brother of ever blissed memory And his Ma~tie being resolved and desireous to prosecute so good ane work for the universal good of his subjects and Especially for the encouradgement of the ministers of the Gospell Therfor his Majesty with advice and Consent of his Estates of Parliament Gives full pouer and Commission to his Ma~ties officers of Estate for the tyme being

[^BLANK LINE IN TEXT^] or any thertein of them to be ane Quorum whereof thrie of every State, with one of the officers of State to meet and conveen at Ed~=r= the [^BLANK^] day of [^BLANK^] years and such other place or places tymes or dyets as they shall appoynt To value and Cause be valued whatsomever teynds great or small personage or viccarage within this Kingdom which are yet unvalued Declareing that where the viccarage of any paroch is a severall benefice and title from the Personage the samen shall be severaly valued To the effect the titulars or ministers serving the Cure haveing right to the said viccarage be not frustrated of the true worth +t=r=of with pouer to the saids Commissioners or quorum forsaid to appoynt Co~mitties or sub-Co~mitties of their oun number and to grant subco~missions and to receave reports from them and to approve or disapprove the same as they shall find just And to rectifie whatsoever valuations led or to be led to the enorme prejudice of the titulars or the hurt and detriment of the Church and prejudice of the ministers mantainance and provisions. Provideing always Lykeas It is hereby expressly provided and declared That where valuations ar laufully led against all persones haveing interest and allowed by former Commissiones The same shall not be drawen in question nor rectified upon pretence of enorme lesion at the instance of the minister (not being titular) or at the instance of his Ma~ties advocat in respect of his Ma=ties= annuity Except it can be proven that Collusion was used betuixt the titulars and heretors, or betuixt the procurator fiscall & the heretors and Titulars which Collusion is declared to be when the valuationes are led with the diminution of the third pairt of the just rent Which diminution shall be proven by the Pairties oath, and with pouer to the said Commissioners or Quorum forsaid where ministers are not already sufficiently provided or have not Localities already assigned to them for their stipends out of the teynds within the paroch where they serve the Cure According to the quantities proportions and Rules Contained in the 19=th= act of the Parl: 1633 To modifie settle and appoynt constant ocal stipends to each minister out of the teynds of the paroch where they serve the Cure With pouer also to the saids Commissioners to grant recompence by prorogation of tacks to pairties for all augmentations of stipends which are granted since the year 1630 or shall be granted and that effeirand to the augmentations already granted or to be granted as the saids Commissioners shall think fitt And sicklyk to disjoyne too large and spacious paroches To cause erect and build new churches to annex and dismember Churches as they shall think convenient And to take ordor that every heretor and

liferenter shall have the leading and buying of their oun teynds if they be willing according to the Rules prescribed by the 19=th= act and commission granted by his Ma=ty= with Consent of his Estates of Parliament in anno 1633 and the acts of Parliament therin mentioned with pouer to determine all questions Concerning the pryces of teynds betuixt Titulars and others haveing ry=t= +t=r=to and the heretors And to appoynt such securities in favors of titulars and others haveing right to Teynds for their pryces to be granted to the heretors and others lyable in payment of valued duties or byers of the said teynds, and in favors of the Ministers as to +t=r= mantainance, as the saids Commissioners shall think fitting According to the rules sett doun in the said act 1633 and each heretor whose teynds belongs to Titulars of erection to have pouer and Liberty to buy the teynds of his oun Lands whither valued or not w=t=in the space of thrie years after the date of this act with this declaration alwayes That in caice the impediment dureing the tyme forsaid flow from the titular by reason of his minority or vther inability In that caice the heretor who offered to buy his oun teynds within the space forsd~ shall have place soe soon as the impediment shall be removed to buy his teynds notwithstanding of +te expyreing of +te years and space after exprest And it is declared that if the heretor be minor and his tutor neglect the buying of his teynds within the forsaid space the minor shall have action for tuo years after his minority to compell the Titular to sell his teynds, and generally with pouer to the saids Commissioners to decide and determine in all other poynts which may concerne the drawing or leading of teynds the selling or buying of the same or payment of the rates +t=r=of contained in the former acts of Parliament or sett doun in +te generall determination given out by his Ma~ties Royall father of blissed memory And if any persone or persones shall find themselves greeved and Complaine of the injustice and exorbitancie of any decreit or sentence given in any of +te Commissions dureing the tyme of +te late trubles With pouer to the saids Commissioners to take the same to +t=r= Consideratione and alter, annull, or allow the saids decreets and sentences as they shall find just And it is always provided and declared That the Arch-bishops and Bishops and other benificed persons being ministers and +t=r= Successors shall not be prejudged of +te Rents q=r=of their predecessors wer in Reall and actuall possession And which by the Lawes of the Kingdom wer due to them in anno 1637 or whereof they are presently in possession And that they shall be no further bound but according to +te conditions and provisions exprest in +te submissions made by the bishops to his Ma~ties Royall father of blissed memorie of the date the [^BLANK^] day of [^BLANK^] 1628 and registrat in the books of Commission for Surrenders and teynds upon +te fifteinth

day of July 1651 And whereas it may fall out that some of the Commissioners may be unable to attend the service through death sicknes or other knoun impediment Therfor His Ma=ty= declares that he shall be Carefull to fill their places w=t= other persons Qualified Who's oaths (for faithfull dischargeing of +te same) shall be taken by +te Lord Chancellar or in his absence by the Lord President of +te Commission for the tyme, and ordaines this present Commission to endure ay and whill the same be discharged by his Ma~tie And the acts decreets and sentences +t=r=of To have the force strength and effect of ane decreet or sentence of Parliament And the Lords of Session to grant lr~es of horning poynding and others necessar to be direct upon the saids decreets and sentences in maner contained in +te forsaids Commissions And his Majesty with consent forsaid hereby discharges all former Commissions Declareing the same to be expyred [}ACT ANENT THE NOMINATION OF THE CLERK TO THE JUSTICES OF PEACE}] OUR SOVERAIGNE LORD and Estates of Parliament Considering that by a Clause in +te Sexteinth act of the last Session of this Current Parliament Anent Justices of Peace The saids Justices are allowed to nominat their oun Clerks which is a right and priviledge belonging to +te Secretaries of State The Clerkships of the Justices of Peace being dependences of +te Secretaries office Therfor his Majesty with advice and Consent of the Estates of Parliament hes repaled Cassed and annulled and hereby repales Casses and annulles the forsaid Clause in the 16=th= act of the last session of this Current Parliament allowing the Justices of Peace to nominat +t=r= own Clerks and declares the samen to have no force strength nor effect from +te beginning, and to be null and voyd in all tyme comeing. [}ACT RESCINDING ANE FORMER ACT ANNEXING LANDS IN ROSSSHYRE TO CROMARTY}] OUR SOVERAIGNE LORD and Estates of Parliament doe hereby Rescind and annull ane unprinted act past the first session of this present Parliament whereby se~all Lands in +te barrony of Delnie belonging to his Ma~tie in Property and certain other Lands Specified in the said act wer dissolved from +te Sherifdome of Ross and annexed to +te heretable Sherifdome of Cromarty And declares and ordaines the sd~ act and haill Clauses +t=r=of to be null and void in it selfe and to be razed and expunged out of the Records of Parliament And doe hereby Redintegrat the said Sherifdome of Ross and Statuts ordaines and declares that the bounds extent and Jurisdiction +t=r=of shall remaine and Continue in all tyme coming as the samen was bounded and established by act of Parliament in anno 1661 In and to all intents and purposes

[}ACT IN FAVORS OF JOHN ADAIR GEOGRAPHER FOR SURVEYING THE KINGDOME OF SCOTLAND AND NAVIGATING THE COASTS AND ISLES THEREOF}] OUR SOVERAIGNE LORD and Estates of Parliament taking into their Consideration that exact Geographical descriptions of the severall shyres within this Kingdome will be both honourable and usefull to the inhabitants and the Hydrographical description of the sea Coast, Isles, Creiks firths and Lochs, about +te Kingdome, are not only honourable and usefull but most necessary for navigation, and may prevent severall Shipwraks, The want of such exact maps haveing occasioned great losses in tyme past, And Likeways thereby forreigners may be invited to trade with more security on our Coasts; And Considering That John Adair hath given notable experiments of his great skill diligence, and qualifications for performing soe good a worke, and haveing signified his willingness to performe the same on allouance of Competent expence Therfor his Majesty with consent of the Estates of Parliament Doeth ordain and Enact That one shilling Scots be exacted out of ilke tun, from all the ships and other Vessels above eight tuns within this Kingdom (excepting Lighters, and fisher boats) and tuo Shilling Scots out of each forreigne Ship yearly for the Space of five years next ensueing Commencing from whitsunday this year I=m= vj=c~= Eightie sex And this for defraying the charge of hydrographical maps for the use of the seamen which one shilling and tuo shilling respective per tun is hereby ordained to be Collected by the severall Collectors of his Majesties Customes who are to deliver the same to the generall Collector or fermer of his Ma=ties= Customes yearly upon oath at the terme of Martimes, and the same to be payed in to any the Lords of his Ma~ties Privie Council shall appoynt to receave the same, to be given to the said John Adair as the saids Lords shall appoynt at the said terme ilke year dureing the space above written; and the saids Collectors are also to deliver to the said John Adair subscrived Lists of the saids Ships with their respective burdens as the ground of their charge yearly, And the said John Adair is to give account yearly at Martinmas of what progress he hes made as to the hydrographical maps, to his Ma=ties= Privy Council or such as they shall Commissionat for inspecting the same; As also, for defraying his expence for drawing of the maps of the Several Shyres It is Statute and ordained that the Sherifs of each respective shyre, bail+gies of Regality, Steuarts of Steuartry, shall at the desire of the said John Adair when he Comes to +t=r= Shyre or bounds for +te end forsaid Call the heretors in the said Shyre: and it is hereby recommended to them to appoynt a suitable encouragement for defraying the expence of surveying the said Shyre

to be Collected by the Collector of his Ma~ties supply immediatly after the said meeting As Likeways that they appoynt one or tuo knowing men in each paroch to goe allongst with the said John Adair when he is actually surveying the same to designe unto him the particular places of each paroch for the more exact performance of the said worke And ordains the Collector therof to deliver what shall be Collected, to +te said John Adair upon his presenting the draught of the map to the respective sherifs or others forsaid. And Likeways the said John Adair giveing account yearly to his Ma~ties Privy Council of his diligence +t=r=in, and when the said Geographical and hydrographical maps are perfected the Caire of haveing the same printed in a good edition is recommended to his Ma~ties Privy Council [}ACT ANENT ANE HUMBLE OFFER TO HIS MAJESTY FOR ANE IMPOSITION UPON CERTAIN COMMODITIES FOR DEFRAYING THE EXPENCE OF A FREE COYNAGE & OTHER MATTERS RELATEING TO THE MINT}] OUR SOVERAIGNE LORD and Estates of Parliament Considering the great advantages that may accresce to this his ancient Kingdome by incurradgeing the importation of Bullion to be Coyned in his Ma=ties= Mint, And that a free Coynage of all others, is the greatest encouradgement for that end, And the Estates of Parliament takeing into their Consideration That the charge and expences of a free Coynage can not be supported without their giveing to his Ma=tie= a suitable found for the same Therfor they doe out of a dew sence of his Ma=ties= great Care for the prosperity of this his ancient Kingdome humbly offer unto his Ma~tie tuelve shilling Scots for each ounce of bullion, imposed by the eight act of the first Session of the second Parliament K: Ch: 2=d= upon the severall Commodities +t=r=in speciefied viz Spanish, Rhenish, and Brandy wynes of all sorts each tun fourtein pound and eight shilling Scots mony, French wynes of all sorts every tunn seaven pound four shillings Scots, Paper for printeing and wreating of all sorts every Six Rimes tuelve shillings Scots, Gray paper every tuelve rims tuelve shilling Scots, Daills, every thousand thrie pound Scots, Single trees every thousand three pound scots, Double trees every thousand sex pound Scots, double double trees and all other great firr timber every thousand tuelve pound Scots, Steell every hundered weight tuelve shilling Scots, Iron and iron worke beaten of all sorts every tun one pound four shillings Scots onions and aples every tuo barrells tuelve shilling Scots, Mum bear every barrell tuo pund eight shilling Scots, Prunes every tun tuo pound eight shilling Scots Rasines Currants and figgs every tun sex pound Scots, Iron pots of all sorts every duzon tuelve shillings Scots, Soap every barrell one pound

four shilling Scots, Suggar Candy every hundered weight sex pound scots Copper Ketles brass panns and all other made worke in brass or Copper yetlin or beaten every hundered weight tuo pound eight shilling Scots, Mader every thousand weight thrie pound scots, hats of all sorts every thrie duzon one pound four shilling Scots, Window glass of all sorts every chist tuelve shilling Scots Leamons and oranges every thousand tuelve shilling Scots, hopes of all sorts every hundred weight tuelve shilling Scots, spanish Leather, marikin, tanned Leather, wild leather and all other sorts of Leather, except Muscovia Leather, every hundered weight tuelve shilling Scots, gloves of all sorts each duzon tuelve shilling scots, whalbon or balen every tuo hundered weight, tuelve shilling Scots, And his Majesty with advice and consent of his Estates of Parliament doeth hereby rescind and annull the forsaid eight act of the second Parliament first Session K: Ch: 2=d= and in all tyme comeing statutes and ordains that the above mentioned Soumes of the forsaid Commodities imported into this Kingdom shall be payed in to the taxmen and Collectors of his Ma=ties= Customes by the merchants or other importers of the said goods befor they break bulk in the same way and maner that his Ma~ties Customes upon forreigne Commodities are payed in by the merchants and others, And ordaines the generall Collectors, Taxmen or fermers of his Ma=ties= Customes To compt yearly in Excheq=r= for the wholl imposition above spe~it according to the rate of tuelve shilling Scots per unce instead of the ounce of bullion formerly payed in in specie by the merchants, And to make a general AEque for their severall subcollectors And his Ma~tie with advice and Consent forsaid doeth hereby annex the forsaid imposition for ever unto the imperial Croun of this Kingdome To remaine with his Ma~tie his ayres and laufull successors in all tyme comeing for supporteing the Charge and expence of a free coynage and for paying the sallaries of the officers of the Mint; And his Ma~tie with advice and consent of the Estates of Parliament doeth hereby appropriat and sett a pairt the forsaid imposition allennerly for the use of the said Mint and the Supporting the charge of a free coynage And his Ma~tie with advice and consent forsaid doeth hereby command and require the taxmen and Collectors of his Ma~ties Customes and their deputes to keep the said imposi=o=n a pairt by it selfe and to pay the same quarterly to the Lords Commissioners of his Ma~ties Thesaurie Thesaurer prin=l~l~= and Thesaurer deput for the tyme being who are hereby required to keep the saids moneys and impositions a pairt by it selfe separat and distinct from all others his Ma~ties Customes and revenues And his Ma~ties Cashkeeper or receavers are hereby co~manded to keep a pairt the said moneys in a secure chist by it selfe whereof the generall or master of the Mint is to have one key and the Cashkeeper or receavers

ane other key, and the said chist is not to be opened without the generall or master of the mint be present, Nor shall the said moneys be delivered but at such tymes as his Ma~tie or his Privie Councill shall thinke fitt, to the generall and master of his Ma~ties Mint for payment of the Sallaries of the officers +t=r=of and for defraying the expence and charges of a free coynage; And for the further encouradgement of merchants and others to import bullion his Ma~tie with advice and Consent of his Estates of Parliament Statutes and ordaines That any merchant or other persone alse weell strangers as natives who shall import into this Kingdom and bring in to his Ma~ties Mint any quantities of bullion or silver of the fynnes of Eleven deniers tuo graines, which is hereby declared to be the standart of fynnes of this Kingdome in all tyme comeing they shall receave out againe from the General or master of his Ma~ties Mint for all such quantities imported by them weight for weight in his Ma~ties Coyne of the standart of fynnes and the species efter mentioned That is to say for each pound Scots of sextein ounces Conforme to the standart pile of Scots weight now in his Ma~ties Mint, one pound of sextein ounces of his Ma~ties Current Coyne without being lyable to any charge or expences whatsoever for essaying melting or supporteing of waist in coynage of the said quantities of bullion or silver of the standert of eleven deniers tuo graines fyne aforsaid, and for every pound of silver that shall be brought in to the Mint to be essayed melted doune and coyned as aforsaid that shall be fyner upon essay then the standart of eleven deniers tuo graines aforsaid, there shall be delivered for the same to the merchants or other importers thereof, by the officers of the Mint soe much more then a pound as the samen doeth in proportion and value amount unto the fynnes and value: And for every pound of Silver that shall be brought in to the Mint to be Essayed melted doun and Coyned as aforsaid that shall be Courser or baser then eleven deneirs tuo graines fyne There shall be delivered by the officers of the Mint soe much less then a pound as the same doeth fall short in fynnes and value It is always hereby declared That it shall not be laufull to the officers of the mint to import or bring in to be Coyned any bullion aither in their oun name or in the name of others with certification if they contraveen, It shall be holden a malversation in their office and punished according to the Laues of the Kingdome And statutes and ordaines that there shall be thrie pyles of weight whereof one to be keeped in Excheq=r=, one by the Dean of gild of Ed~=r= and the third in the Mint house And Lykeways That there shall be a standart or printed table keeped in the Mint house of the value of money or bullion according to the denominationes of weights used in the Mint, of deniers, graines, prymes and seconds, and the ordinary denominationes

of pounds ounces drops and graines By which merchants or others may know what they are to give in or gett out when their bullion doeth arrise above or fall below the standart appoynted, And his Ma~tie and Estates of Parliament doeth hereby statute and ordaine that there shall be no preference in poynt of Essaying or Coynage but that all silver brought in and delivered in to the Mint to be Essayed and coyned shall be Essayed coyned and delivered out to the rex~ive importers according to their ordor and tymes of bringing in and delivering the same to the Mint, and not otherways, soe as he that shall first bring in and deliver any silver to be Coyned shall be holden and Counted the first person to have the same Essayed coyned and delivered, and he or they That shall bring in the Silver next To be counted the Second person to have the same Essayed coyned and delivered and soe successively in course, and that the silver brought in and coyned as aforsaid shall be in the same ordor delivered to the rex~ive bringers in thereof their aires ex~ers and assigneys successively without preference of one befor another and not otherways, and if any undue preference be made in entering of any silver or delivering out of coyned money contrar to the true intent and meaning of this act by any officer or officers of +te Mint or their deputs and servants Then the pairtie or pairties offending shall be lyable to legal execution as for a just debt, and to pay the value of +te silver brought in and not entered and delivered according to the true intent and meaning of this act with interest besydes coast and damnages, to the pairtie or pairties grieved, and shall over and above (\ipso facto\) be deprived, loose and amitt their office or offices Provideing always That it shall not be interpreted any undue preference to incurr any penalty in poynt of delivery of moneys coyned, if the officer or officers their deputs or servants shall deliver out or pay any moneys coyned to any person or persons that doe come and demand the same upon subsequent entries befor others that did not come to demand their moneys in +t=r= ordor and course soe as there be soe much money reserved as will satisfie them which shall not be otherways disposed of but keept for them. And for the better clearing of what quantities of bullion are from tyme to tyme delivered in to his Ma~ties Mint, as lykeways what quantities of silver doe pass his Ma=ties= Irons, his Ma=ty= with advice forsaid Does Statute and Ordaine That there shall be a Clerk or Book keeper in the Mint office who shall be obleidged to keep tuo Registers or Records in fair parchment books, and in one of them sett doun the tymes of ingiveing the severall quantities of bullion by the merchants and others in presence of the ingiver, Which book shall be made patent to any that shall require the same gratis under the pain of deprivation As lykeways to receave subscrived accompts from the master Warden Counter Warden

and the Essay master of all the quantities of silver Coyned in his Ma~ties Mint according to the standart and fynnes Which accompts soe given in to him he is to record in his other Register and the wholl officers of the Mint and their deputs for whom they shall be answerable, are to subscrive the samen quarterly To the effect That it may be knoun what quantities of silver are past his Ma~ties Irons from tyme to tyme And Likeways That the severall officers of the Mint are to keep particular books of record in their rex~ive offices as formerly all which registers are to be made and keeped upon their highest perrill, And for the more orderly and clear performance hereof It is hereby Statute and Ordained That the master of his Ma~ties Mint for the tyme being or his depute shall at the tyme of the delivery and entry of any silver in the said mint, give to +te bringer or bringers in +t=r=of to be Coyned, a note or recept under his hand denoteing the weight fynnes and value +t=r=of Togither with the day and ordor of its delivery in to +te said mint bearing in +te body of it a Clause of registration It being always hereby expressly provided That the master of his Ma~ties Mint shall be obleidged to deliver back again to +te inbringers any quantity of bullion he shall receave from them, in his Ma=ties= Coyne within +te space of ten dayes, if the bullion doe not exceed sex thousand pounds scots; and on fiftein dayes if it doe not exceed tuelve thousand pounds, and in caice the quantity be greater within tuenty dayes, and in caice of fail+gie the merchants or importers shall have legal diligence against him by chargeing him with horning upon registration of his note aforsaid with interest by and attour coast and damnage therfor, And for the farder encouradgement and assureance of such as shall import and bring in to his Ma~ties Mint any quantities of silver to be Coyned His Ma~tie and Estates of Parliament Statute and Ordaine That no Confiscation forfeiture seazure arreastment stop or restrent whatsoever shall be made in the said mint of any silver brought in to be Coyned, or by reasone of any embargo breach of peace Letters of mark reprisall or warr with any forreigne nation or upon any other account or pretence whatsoever publict or privat but that all silver brought in to his Ma~ties Mint within this Kingdome to be Coyned, shall truely and with all Convenient speed be Coyned and delivered out to the inbringers +t=r=of +t=r= aires or assigneys according to the rules and directiones of this act And his Ma=tie= and Estates of Parliament further enact and declare That the General or master of his Ma~ties Mint shall be obleidged to give the Coynage free to any merchant, strangers or others importers or inbringers of bullion, and in caice the General or master of his Ma=ties= Mint shall refuse to accept of enter and Coyne any quantity or quantities of bullion to be brought in by the merchants or others to his Ma~ties Mint, The Generall or master for such refuseall (the merchant or

importer takeing instruments in a notars hand +t=r=upon) shall (\ipso facto\) be deprived of +t=r= offices rex~ive, It being always hereby provided That in caice the quantities of bullion to be imported shall exceed the stock of money granted to his Ma~tie for supporteing of a free Coynage, In that Caice the general or master of his Ma~ties Mint is to make application to the Lords of Privy Council and to acquaint +t=r= Lo. +t=r=with To the end that by their appoyntment the Commissioners of his Ma~ties Thesaurie Thesaurer prin=l~l~= or Thesaurer depute for the tyme being may furnish and advance eightein lib~ Scots mony for each stone that shall be brought in by merchants or others to be Coyned in the Mint untill the next Parliament or Session of Parliament thereafter shall take into their Consideration the maner of reimburseing his Ma~tie for the said advance, It being always hereby declared that the officers of the Mint shall not be lyable to the obligation aforsaid for refuseing to Coyn any such quantities brought in to the Mint to be Coyned In caice upon any accident The Commissioners of his Ma~ties Thesaurie Thesaurer prin=l~l~= or Thesaurer depute for the tyme being shall refuse or delay to pay eightein lib~ Scots per ston for the Coynage aforsaid, And his Ma~tie and Estates of Parliament for certain weighty Considerations Doe hereby Statute and Ordaine and Declare That in all tyme comeing the species of Current Coyne within this Kingdome shall be, Five shillings, ten shillings, tuenty shillings, fourty shillings and sixtie shillings scots pieces to be Coyned of the standart of fynnes and weight efterment~ vi~z The sexty shillings Scots pieces is to weigh according to the denomination of weights used in the mint, Tuenty one deniers, eighteen graines, ten prymes, eightein seconds, and in the ordinary denomination of weights, fourtein drope eightein graines, And in regaird That the sexty shillings Scots piece of the weight aforsaid can not be brought to a certain number to make up a scots pound weight without fraction Therfor it is hereby declared that the lesser species of Coyne shall be delivered to the merchant or others importers of bullion to make up the just weights and when it shall fall out that the fraction is less then a five shilling Scots piece In that caice the merchant or importer shall have such a proportion of a five shilling piece Clipped of and delivered to him as may make up the just quantity of a pound weight by q=ch= means there will be in a scots pound weight according to the standart pile of weights now in the Mint, seaventeen sixtie shilling pieces, one tuenty shilling piece one ten shilling piece, one five shilling piece and a small fraction of three shilling four pennies Scots, The fourty Shilling scots piece is to weigh according to +te denomination of weights used in the Mint fourtein deniers tuelve graines Seaven primes and four seconds, and according to +te ordinary denomination of Scots weight nyne

drope, tuenty four graines, whereof tuenty sex, and one ten shilling piece, one five shilling piece and a small fraction of thrie shilling four pennies scots make a pound weight, The tuenty shilling piece is to weigh, according to +te denomination of weights used in +te mint, seaven deniers, sex graines, three prymes fourtein Seconds, and according to +te ordinary denomination of Scots weight four drope, therty graines, whereof fifty tuo and one ten shilling piece, one five shilling piece, and a small fraction of thrie shilling four pennies Scots makes a Scots pound weight, The ten shilling piece is to weigh, according to the denomination of weights in +te mint Thrie deniers, fiftein graines, one pryme nyntein seconds, and according to +te ordinary denomination of scots weights tuo drope fiftein graines, whereof one hundered and five, one five shilling piece and a fraction of thrie Shilling four pennies Scots makes a scots pound weight The five shilling piece is to weigh according to the denomination of weights used in +te mint, one denier, nyntein graines, tuelve primes tuenty one Seconds, and according to +te ordinary denomination of Scots weights one drope seaven graines and a halfe, whereof, tuo hundered and Eleven and a fraction of thrie shilling four pennies Scots make a Scots pound weight. It is always hereby provided that if upon tryall it shall be found that the weight of the se~all species of the money appoynted by this act shall be prejudicial any way to the interest or trade of this Kingdome That in that caice his Ma~tie with advice of his Privie Council may rectifie or alter the same as they find Cause, But because it may fall out sometyme casualy That money be not Coyned and fabricat exactly in all things to +te true standerts of weights and fynnes above and efter spe~it Therfor his Ma~tie and Estates of Parliament Statute and Ordaine That if it shall casualy fall out that any species of Coyne to be Coyned for the future within this Kingdome be lighter or heavier then the standart of weight aforsaid The officers of +te Mint may deliver the same Provideing always it be meerly accidental and Casual and doe not exceed the quantities efter spe~it viz tuo graines over or under the true weight of every sixtie or fourty shilling piece or grain over or under the true weight of every tuenty shilling piece ten shilling and five shilling Scots pieces abovespe~it appoynted to be Coyned by this present act, As alsoe if the money in the species forsaid to be Coyned shall fall out accidentaly to be a grain fynner or courser then +te true standart of eleven deniers tuo graines upon every tuelve ounces weight soe to be Coyned, The officers of the mint may deliver out the money to the merchants or others according to these remeeds of weight & fynnes abovespe~it, It is hereby always expressly provided That the officers of the mint shall be no means worke and fabricat the money with regaird to the remedies forsaid as they will be

ansuerable at their highest perrill. And it is Statute and Ordained That they shall keepe ane exact record of all these remedies both of weight and fynnes and Compt for the same yearly in Excheq=r= for his Ma~ties use, and appoynts and ordaines in all tyme comeing That the Essay master shall take tuo pieces of every Jurnal That he shall Cutt of soe much of one of the pieces as will make ane Essay and shall putt up the remainder and +te other wholl piece with the Reported Essay all which shall be putt in to the Pix The warden or Counterwarden being always present which is to be opened once every year in the moneth of December at the sight of the Privy Council, And it is hereby declared That the tryal of the Pix being made the wholl silver in the Pix is to be returned to +te master as his oun and the Essay master is to have no pairt of it The Pix shall have thrie keyes, One to be keept by the Lords of Thesaury or Thesaurer for the tyme being, one by the General and one by the warden prin=l~l~= of the Mint, And his Ma~tie with advice and Consent forsaid Doeth Statute and ordaine That all the money to be Coyned for the tyme to come within this Kingdom shall be lettered and grained round the edges That is to say the sexty and fourty shilling pieces shall be lettered, the tuenty, ten shilling, and five shilling Scots pieces shall be grained round the edges The particular impression, inscription, and reverses As likeways what proportion of each species of money shall be Coyned in each ston weight of silver are hereby left and recommended to +te Lords of his Ma~ties Privy Council who are by this present act fully empowered to Consider and Cognosce upon the fynnes and weight of +te gold Coyne when his Ma=tie= shall think fitt to grant warrand for the same, and to regulat appoynt and determine the fynnes, weight, and species of +te said Gold Coyne and to ordain and appoynt such impression inscription and reverse as they shall see cause: And his Ma~tie and Estates of Parliament doe further Statute and Ordaine That no Copper shall be Coyned without his Ma~ties express warrand, and that all copper which shall be Coyned conforme to his warrand shall be Coyned in tuo pence and sex pence Scots pieces, And +t=t= fourty of the sex penny pieces, and sex score tuelve of the tuo pennie pieces shall make a pound And recommends to +te Lords of Privie Council to appoynt tryal to be taken of +te weight of every Jurnal of Copper befor it goe out of the mint house, and what profite shall arrise by the Coynage of +te Copper The officers of +te Mint shall be lyable to compt for the same to +te Excheq=r=, And his Ma~tie and Estates of Parliament doe hereby further Statute and Ordaine That the soume of tuelve thousand pounds Scots of the imposition aforsaid imposed by this present act upon the Commodities abovespe~it shall be all in tyme Coming sett a part for payment of the officers fies, mantaining of +te fabrick of +te Mint and Provideing new tools and

other incident Charges relateing to +te mint in maner afterspe~it viz The General of +te said Mint The soume of thrie thousand sex hundered lib~ Scots as his fee and Sellarie The Soume of tuo thousand four hundered pound Scots to +te master of +te mint, and this over and above the soume of eightein lib~ Scots money for every Ston of Silver that shall be Coyned and past his Ma~ties Irons to be payed to him out of +te Remander of +te said imposition for supporteing a free Coynage as aforsaid The soume of ane thousand tuo hundered punds Scots money to +te prin=l~l~= warden, The soume of one thousand tuo hundered punds Scots to +te Essay master, The soume of Seaven hundered and tuenty punds Scots money to +te Counterwarden The soume of sex hundered pounds Scots to +te Sinker or graver, The soume of four hundered and Eightie lib~ Scots money to +te Clerk or book keeper, The soume of thrie hundered therty thrie lib~ sex shilling eight pennies Scots to the Clerk of the bullion who is to be Clerk for the tyme to come to this new imposi=o=ne as he was formerly to the bullion or tuelve shilling p~ ounce payed in liew +t=r=of To the master Smith The soume of thrie hundered and sextie lib~ Scots As +t=r= fies and sallaries, And the soume of Eleven hundered sex lib~ therteen shilling four pennies scots to be payed in to +te General and master for mantaining the fabrick of +te mint house Provideing of new tools and other incident charges relateing to the Mint for w=ch= they are to compt yearly to his Ma=ties= Excheq=r= and the overplus (if any shall be) to goe to +te stock of free coynage aforsd~ The w=ch= soume of tuelve thousand lib~ Scots for the officers of +te mint and other expences +t=r=of is to be payed to +te general and master of +te said Mint Togither with the soume of Eightein lib~ p~ ston to +te master for +te Coynage of +te money at four termes in +te year viz Candlemes, Whitsunday, Lambas and Martinmas yearly and +te said payment to Commence from and after +te first of November next And his Ma~tie and Estates of Parliament further Statute and Ordaine That no heads, sweeps, or Chizell of any gold or silver to be Coyned in his Ma=ties= Mint shall pass his Ma=ties= Irons without takeing a second Essay +t=r=of as if +te samen wer newly brought in to +te Mint to be Coyned; And to +te effect +t=t= all matters relateing to +te Coynage and Mint may be equally ordored and regulated according to this present act and in such further ways and maner as his Ma=tie= and his Privie Council shall think fitt It is hereby recommended to his Ma=ties= Privie Council by some of +t=r= number to trye every Jurnall of Coyne by it selfe distinctly and to take exact tryal of all matters Relateing to +te Coynage both as to +te weight and fynnes of +te money and other matters Relateing to +te said Mint tuice every year viz in +te moneths of July and December yearly and to call befor them +te wholl officers of +te mint and to examine +t=r= proceedings and to inspect +t=r= books and to Signe and

subscrive approbationes +t=r=of as they shall see Cause, and this without prejudice of +te said officers of +te mint their compting yearly to +te Lords of his Ma~ties Exchequer and Thesaurie for all matters Committed to their trust. [}AT EDINBURGH, JUNE XV, M,DC,LXXXVI.}] THE Laird of Lamond in name of the Lord Sempill did protest +t=t= +te Calling of +te Lord Sinclar and other Lords before him in +te Rolls may not prejudge the Lord Sempill of his Right of precedencie befor +te Lord Sinclair and any other Lords interveening in the Rolls [}ACT RESCINDING A COMMISSION GRANTED ANENT THE ESTATE OF ARGYLE}] OUR SOVERAIGNE LORD and Estates of Parliament Considering that forasmuch as there was ane act past +te last Session of this Current Parliament for a Co~mission anent the Estate of +te late Earle of Argyle w=t= +te Parliamentarie powers +t=r=in mentioned, and that his Ma~tie hath not thought fitt to make any nomination of +te saids Commissioners soe as the said act hes taken no effect Therfor his Ma=ty= with advice and Consent of the Estates of Parliament Retraits Repales and Rescinds the forsaid act and Commission anent +te Estate of Argyle and declares the samen to be null and void in all tyme comeing [}ACT RESCINDING A CLAUSE IN THE ADDRESS MADE BY THE PARLIAMENT AGAINST THE LATE EARLE OF ARGYLE}] OUR SOVERAIGNE LORD takeing to his Consideratione the 36 act of the first Session of this Parliament Entituled Act anent the address of +te Estates of Parliament of his Ma~ties ancient Kingdom of Scotland to his Sacred Ma=tie= against +te arch traitor Archbald Campbell sometyme Earle of Argyle And that his Ma~tie from his unparalelled Clemencie and goodnes hes bein graciously pleased to pardon and indemnifie severall persones who wer accessory to and involved in +te said Rebellion Notwithstanding the Estates of Parliament from +t=r= zeal to his Ma=ties= service and detestation of +te said Rebellion did by +t=r= address humbly desire they should be for ever incapable of mercie, and that any of his Ma=ties= Subjects who should interceed for them any maner of way should incur the pain of treason. And in regaird his Ma=tie= did make no signification of his Royal pleasure as to +te said address Therfor his Ma=tie= with advice and Consent of his

Estates of Parliament, Casses, annulls, and Rescinds that Clause in +te samen address as to +te Exercise of his Ma=ties= mercie or +te intercessiones of any of his Ma~ties Subjects made or to be made in +t=t= behalfe And declares +te samen Clause to have no force strength nor effect from +te begining And to be null and voyd in all tyme coming. [}ACT ANENT THE MEASURE OF BARK}] OUR SOVERAIGNE LORD and Estates of Parliament takeing to +t=r= Consideration the great prejudice that does arrise through the uncertainty of the measure of bark within this Kingdome Doe Statute and Ordaine That the constant measure of bark in all tyme comeing shall be as folloues viz That tuenty tuo gallones shall be the measure of ane boll of unbeaten bark and soe proportionaly for lesser measures, And that the Linlithgow barley measure shall be the measure for all beatten small Mallowe barke; and Prohibites and Discharges all persones whatsomever to make use of any other measures then the measures aforsaid in buying or Selling of barke in tyme comeing under +te paine of ane hundered punds Scots toties quoties besyd the forfaulture of +te bark soe bought or sold [}ACT RESCINDING ANE ACT ENTITULED ACT FOR SECURITY OF THE RECORDS.}] OUR SOVERAIGNE LORD Considering how much it does import the good and interest of his Subjects That +t=r= be Registers keept in +te particular Shyres of this Kingdome As is Established by Law and Custome to +te effect his Ma~ties subjects may have free access therto for Registrateing of their writes and diligences And for extracts of +te same without being putt to +te truble and Expence of Repairing to Edinburgh for Searching the general Registers Therfor his Ma~tie with advice and Consent of his Estates of Parliament Casses Annulls and Rescinds the therty third act of +te first Session of this Current Parliament Entituled Act for security of the Records and Declares the samen to be null and voyd in all tyme comeing [}ACT IN FAVORS OF JOHN MEIKLE FOUNDER}] OUR SOVERAIGNE LORD and Estates of Parliament takeing to Consideration the great advantage that the nation may have by the trade of founding lately brought in to this Kingdom by John Meikle for Casting of bells Cannons and other such usefull instruments Doe for encuradgement to him and others in +te same trade Statute and ordaine That the same shall enjoy the benefite

and priviledges of a manufactorie in all points as the other manufactories newly erected are alloued to have by the Lawes and acts of Parliament and that for +te space of nyntein years next following +te date hereof [}ACT IN FAVORS OF M=R= WALTER BIRNIE PREACHER}] ANENT the petition presented to his Majesty and Estates of Parliament by M=r= Walter Birnie preacher of the Gospell mentioning That where being blind since his infancie yet God haveing been pleased to bestow upon him Education as liberall as to those whom he hes blissed with eyes, being bread in divinity at Oxfoord after he had past his Course of Philosophy and Grammar in Scotland, This talent bestowed upon him (such as it is) he hes by Gods assistance, these many years bygain employed in preaching the Gospell in this his native Countrey, And is yet resolved God willing to employ it soe, but never being endued with a setled stipend, and now groun old and poor, though still able to preach the Gospell If any way encouradged by the bounty of his Majesty and Estates of Parliament And therfor humbly requesting and supplicateing his Ma=tie= and said Estates to take his indigent condition to their gracious Consideration and to Commiserat his Caice soe fare as to lett ther poor Petitioner have some refreshing taste of ther bounty, in ordoring such a yearly annuity to be payed to him out of the vacand stipends of this Kingdome as may affoord the Petitioner a livelyhood, and encouradge him to deliver his message of the Gospell in the same maner as he hes done formerly in this Kingdome That he may have constant occasion to pray for his Majesty and Estates of Parliament The Kings Ma=ty= and Estates of Parliament haveing heard the forsd~ petition together with the report of the Lords of +te articles theranent have ordained and hereby ordaines the petitioner to have four hundered merks payed him out of the first of the vacand stipends gifted to the Colledge of Glasgow for his aliment yearly dureing his life or untill he be better provided Commenceing the first termes payment at martinmas next and therafter yearly and termely in tyme comeing at the termes of martinmes and whitsunday be equal portiones dureing his said liftyme. [}ACT IN FAVORS OF ROBERT CUNINGHAM OF AUCHINHERVIE FOR UPLIFTING AN IMPOSITION ON BEER & AILE FOR BUILDING ANE HARBOUR AT SALTCOATS}] OUR SOVERAIGNE LORD and Estates of Parliament Understanding how profitable and usefull ane harbour at Saltcoats within the pariochins

of Stevenson and Ardrossan, Bailiary of Cuningham and Sherifdoom of Air as weell to strangers as those of the Kingdom, and for exporting the native Commodities of that Countrey, and Especialy Coall & Salt wherewith it abounds And That Robert Cuningham of Auchinhervie hath already Employed and is to employ much money and charges for building of +te said harbour And that ane small imposition upon the aill and beer broun and vended within these parochins, And which for the most pairt is bought and drunk by those who come to, and goe from the harbour, may in some measur repair the said Robert of his expenses of the said building Therfor Our Soveraigne Lord with Consent of the Estates of Parliament Statutes and Ordaines That four pennies Scots money be uplifted be the said Robert Cuningham his aires and Successors from brewars and venders of aile or beer within the saids parochines of Stevenson and Ardrossan out of each pynt thereof, and that for +te space of Tuenty years immediatly ensueing the date of this act With full power warrand and liberty to +te said Robert and his forsaids To uplift Levie and Collect the same from +te persons lyable therfor dureing the space forsaid, In the same way and maner as his Ma~ties Excyse is uplifted, And which four pennies Scots to be uplifted in maner and space forsaid The said Robert hes accepted and hereby accepts in satisfaction to him and his forsaids of their expenses employed and to be employed upon the forsaid building which by the acceptation hereof he is obleidged to apply to +te building, at +te sight of +te sheriff of +te shyre and bailie of Regality of Cuningham, who are to give ane accompt To +te Lords of Privie Council of that mater when called for It is always hereby provided that in Caice by the forsaid imposition His Ma=tys= Excyse of beer and aile within the saids parochins be diminished That the said Robert and his forsaids shall be bound to take +te same and to pay as much therfor as any fermers or Collectors gott out thereof any year thir seven years bygain. [}ACT IN FAVORS OF GEORGE DUKE OF GORDOUN FOR BUILDING A BRIDGE ON THE WATER OF BOGY}] ANENT The Petition presented to his Ma=ty= and Estates of Parliament by George Duke of Gordoun Mentioning That where for the Conveniencie of the Lieges It is necessary That a bridge be built on the watter of Bogy and the inhabitants of the Shyres of Inverness, Nairne Murray Banfe and Aberdeen ordinarly passing south and north by the said river which in the tyme of winter and great raines is unpassable, soe that there is great danger to the people, And the petitioner intending to Cause build a sufficient Ston bridge on the

said River, and that it will be necessary soe much of the ten shillings Scots by the former Laws on each hundereth punds of valued rent appointed for building and repairing of bridges may be alloued for building thereof Therefor humbly Craveing his Ma=ty= and Estates of Parliament wold be pleased to ordaine soe much of the said ten shillings Scots to be uplifted out of the saids rex~ive shyres as may build the said bridge and to recomend to +te Commissioners of the Supply or their quorum to see the same effectualy done The Kings Majesty and Estates of Parliament haveing considered this petition Doe ordaine soe much of the ten shillings Scots imposed by act of Parliament upon the hundereth punds of valued rent to be uplifted out of the respective shyres above mentioned as may build the bridge a~spe~it And Reco~mends to the Commissioners of Supply or quorum of them to see the same effectualy done. [^EXTRACTS FROM THE RECORDS OF THE ROYAL BURGH OF STIRLING, 1667-1752. ED. R. RENWICK. VOL. II. GLASGOW 1889. PP. 1.1-28.5^]

[} [\1 JANUARY 1667.\] }] The provest, baillie Stevinson, dean of gild, and conveener, # made report that they had met with Mr. James Forsith and shown him the # dissatisfaction of the merchands and trads to consent to the calling and # presenting of Mr. John Hay till they hear him preach, and Mr. James ansuer was # that there was no possibilitie for that unles they would goe to his awin # church and heare him; but, seing the counsell had once aggried to present him, they # cannot pas from it till Mr. John give a refuisall; and for Mr. James pairt, # incase the councill be negligent, he would ather seek out for an uther plaice or # els mean himself to the supream judicatorie for a helper. [} [\18 FEBRUARY 1667.\] }] The dean of gild, conveener, and deacons, made report, as # of before, that their severall brethreen will not at all consent to the calling # and presenting of Mr. John Hay to be second minister till they heare him preach. [} [\23 MARCH 1667.\] }] Compeired Walter Cowan, present visitor of the maltmen, and # being desired be the councill to give his aith that he sall # faithfullie visite the haill malt made within this burgh and report the insufficiency therof # everie counsell day, that the faulteris may be punished, and to take the oath # of alledgeance and subscrive the declaratione, sieing he is a person of # publict trust, the said Walter was willing to give his aith (\de fideli # administratione\) , but refuised to

take the oath of alledgeance and subscrive the declaratione; # and therfore, the magistrats and counsell refuises to admitt him with their # auctoritie to the exercise of the said charge as visitor; and seing he hes # exercised the said office be the maltmens election, without taking the said oath # of alledgeance and subscriveing the said declaration, he is to be ansuerable # to the censure of the privie counsell for the same. Recomendis to the provest [\and five others\] to meet with # Mr. James Forsith, minister, and take a vew of the Over Hospital well, # and to caus build a dyke about the same for preservatione of the yaird from those # that getis water out of the well. [} [\1 JUNE 1667.\] }] The proveist, baillies, and counsell, receaves and admittis # the persons following to the libertie and fredome of burgesses and gild # brether of the said burgh, gratis, viz., James marqueis of Montrois, lord Graham # and Mugdock, Robert lord Carnegie, Sir Robert Douglas of Tulliwhillie, Sir # Thomas Ker of Fairnilie, John Dundas of Barronshall, Mr. Robert Cockburn, # major John Sympson, captain John Dunbar, captain John Nairn, [\and certain # "servitors" and others, thirteen in all. Also six "servitors" admitted "to # the libertie and freedome of burgesses and neighbouris."\] [} [\28 AUGUST 1667.\] }] James Norie, clerke, produced againe the towns great # chartour and great seale which was in his custodie and are delyverit to the dean # of gild and conveener to be put upe, the chartour into the chartourhous and # the seale in the boill of the counsell hous. [} [\16 SEPTEMBER 1667.\] }] Nominatis James Norie, clerk, to ryd to Paisley with the # comptis of quarterings dew be the lord Carnegies troop to this burgh and # to get payment therof before they be disbanded. [} [\23 SEPTEMBER 1667.\] }] Alexander Jack and Robert Andersone, new counsellers, tooke # the oath of alledgeance to our Soveraigne Lord and subscrivit the # declaration of parliament; and John Matthison, chosen deacon of the cordinars # be their craft, and refuising to take the said oath, was removed.

[} [\18 NOVEMBER 1667.\] }] The magistrats and councill hes aggried with Mr. James # Forsith, minister, for a tack to be granted be him to the towns thesaurer, for the # towns behove, of the small teind or viccarage of the haill yairds within the # said burgh of Sterling and territorie thereof, with the viccarage and small # teind of the haill salmond cobles upon the water of Forth that properlie belongs # to the said burgh and payes immediatly their duetie to them, with the # viccarage teind of that frie coble perteaning to the lands of Raploch, and that # uther free coble belonging to the lands of Shiphaugh, and that for the space of # the said Mr. James his service of the cure at the kirk of Sterling, for # payment yearelie be the said thesaurer to the said Mr. James of the soume of # thriescore poundis Scottis money yearelie. [} [\10 FEBRUARY 1668.\] }] The councill, conforme to the custome observit be their # predicessouris, ordeanes the town thesaurer to pay to James Stevinson, present # provest, the thriescore pounds Scotts receavit fra John Ferguson, # chyrurgion, for his freedome as gild brother; which, with twa hundered merkes the # said provest is to receave from the gild thesaurer, is to be in satisfaction # to him of an gild brothers entrie which he is to get, being once provest. [} [\24 FEBRUARY 1668.\] }] Ordeans James Brown, thesaurer, to send to Holland for a new # bell to the town knock as big as the tollbuith steeple will receave; # and the size of the said bell to be sent over. [} [\18 APRIL 1668.\] }] Ordeans the clerke to write to Hugh Stevinsone, servand to # Sir Peter Wedderburn, to know quhat is the first dyet of the privie # councillis sitting, that supplication may be made to their lordships for removeing # the castell sojeris that are quartered in this town to their owin # garrisone. [} [\13 JUNE 1668.\] }] The proveist, baillies, dean of gild, and thesaurer, made # report to the councill that they had mett with the commissioners of excise # and justices of the peace of the shire, in order to the setlement of the # militia of the shire and towne, and at their last meeting it was concluded that a # particulare list be

given in of all the fencible men within the shire and town, and # that the Earle of Callander, collonell, and the commissioners, had put it to # the magistrats and councill to make choyse of a captain, leiftennent, and # ensigne, within themselves; quhilk being considered be the councill, they have unanimouslie # recommended to the saids magistrats, dean of gild, and thesaurer to take # upe a particuler list of all the fencible men within the said burgh, be the # constables or other persons whome they shall think fitt to choise, that it may be # given in with the rest of the lists of the shire at the next meeting, and to # nominat and setle with the fittest persons they can have within the town to be # captain, leiftennent, and ensigne. [} [\24 JUNE 1668.\] }] Report being made that the commissioners of excise and # justices of the peace for the shire had past from the listing of all fencible # persones, and hes resolved to outreike the militia conform to the levies in # (\anno\) 1648, and therafter, and that they have imposed upon the town a # proportion of the troope horse or as many foot in lew therof as they alledge the # town was formerlie in use to doe; and the counsell finding it contrair # to former custome, or the custome of any burgh in Scotland, to put out troope # horse, have therfore comisionat [\the provost and six others\] to repair presentlie # to the lords of his Majesties privie councill and to supplicat their lordships for # exemption of all proportion of hors and to debeat against the shire theranent, # and nowayes to condiscend to any proportion of hors without the counsell # determin the contrary. [} [\29 JUNE 1668.\] }] The provest, baillies, dean of gild, and thesaurer, made # report that as they were readdie to goe to Edinburgh to the lords of privie # counsell for supplicating exemption to the town of all proportion of horse in this # present militia, the earle of Callander and the rest of the commissioners desired to # compose and setle the difference peaceably amongst themselves without # publict debeat, which they aggried unto; and having mett togither they have # aggried and condiscended with the saids commissioners that the town sall # onelie outreik and put out, as their full proportione of the haill six # hundered thrie score six footmen and foure score eight horsemen imposed upon the shires # of Sterling and Clakmanan and burghs within the same, the number of fyftie # footmen sufficientlie armed with twa pairts muskets and thrie pairt # pikes.

[} [\27 JULY 1668.\] }] The councill nominatis and appoyntis the baillies, dean of # gild, theasurer, and conveener, to take upe a list of all the fencible persons # within this burgh that out of the said list the fyftie footmen may be chosen out, # with consent of the captan, for the towns proportion of the militia, and for # encouragement of the saids sojers so to be chosen the counsell allowes six # shilling Scottis to be given each of them at their ontakeing, uther six shilling to # ilk an of them quhen they receave their armes, six shilling every an of the # muster dayes of the yeare, and six pounds Scottis to ilk an of them for an # years service to such as will not accept of their freedome as burgesses and # neighbouris for them and their childreen; and such as will accept of their said freedome # are to have the same for them and their childreen in als great force as if they # payed for the same. [} [\17 AUGUST 1668.\] }] Certane overtouris being made in councill what may the # charges and expences depursit and to be depursit for paying of the officers # and sojers of the towns militia and buying of armes, and other contingent # charges to be expended in relation to the said militia, may be best payed, it # was concluded and aggried upon, by pluralitie of voices, that the samyn be # stentit and imposed upon the severall incorporations proportionablie, as # the second ministers stipend is imposed and collected, till some other # easier way be condiscended upon be the magistrats and counsell for defraying # the saids charges for the futur. [} [\29 AUGUST 1668.\] }] The magistrats and councill, upon report made be the deacon # conveener and remanent deacones, that their crafts hes absolutelie # refuised to consent to an imposition of twentie shilling upon ilk boll malt for # defraying the townes debtis and publict charges, it was concluded and aggried upon, # by pluralitie of voices, that supplication salbe made be the councill to the # Kings Majestie and his privie counsell for the said imposition; against the quhilk # John Galloway, deacon conveener, for himself and in name of the haill crafts, # protested. [} [\21 SEPTEMBER 1668.\] }] The magistrats and counsell, considering the great expence # upon the town in paying twentie foure shilling Scottis, weeklie, to # Robert Mein, postmaster

in Edinburgh, for newes letteres and gazets, and that in this # peaceable tyme there is no necessitie to be at such a charge, they have # therefore quat the said Robert from continowing any longer in sending any moe # newes letteres or gazetts to this town till they be farder advysed. [} [\13 OCTOBER 1668.\] }] The proveist, baillies, and councill, considering it were # fit and expedient, after soe long vaccancie of the second ministeris place of the # said burgh, there were some effectuall course taken for planting the same; and # having heard one Mr. Patrick Murray, expectant at Gask, preach here these # twa Sabboathes last, they unanimouslie declare themselves weell satisfied with # his doctrine, and upon the testimonie they have seen and heard of his good # life and conversatione they resolve to call him to be second minister of # this burgh and to grant him a presentation thereto. [\Opinions of guildry, # crafts, maltmen, mechanicks and omnigatherum to be obtained.\] [} [\17 OCTOBER 1668.\] }] The dean of gild, conveener, deacons of crafts, visitor of # the maltmen, and representatives of the mechanicks and omnigatherum, made # report to the councill that their severall incorporationes are weell # satisfied with the doctrin of Mr. Patrik Murray, expectant, and with the councillis # purpose and intention to grant him a presentatione to be second minister of this # burgh. [} [\28 NOVEMBER 1668.\] }] The magistrats and councill, nevertheles of the statutis # latelie made appoynteing the pynt of ale to be sold for xiiij d., yet # whatever brewers are willing to grant to the town an merke Scottis of ilk boll malt # to be brewed be them, for defraying the charges of the towns militia, they # shall have libertie to take for their ale what they pleas. [} [\11 MARCH 1669.\] }] The councill appoynts the thesaurer to send over the old # knok bell to Holland and to caus cast a good new one, and the new bell which # came home for the Over Hospitall to be put upe and hung in the kirk # steeple, and the bell that is for the present in the knok hous to be hung upe in # the steeple of the said hospitall.

[} [\5 APRIL 1669.\] }] The magistrats and councill, considering that divers # persons, burgesses, gild brether, and neighbouris of this burgh, hes deserted the # same and removed themselves and familie to the cuntrey and uther burghs to # reside in, contrair to the acts of burrowes and counsell of this burgh, therfore # the saids magistrats and counsell statuts and enacts that all such persones sall # ather return to this burgh and reside therin, and bear their proportion of watching, # warding, and all other impositions, with the rest of the neighbouris and # inhabitantis, certifieing such as failyies they sall amitt and lose their said freedome # for them and their posteritie in all tyme therafter. Report was made be the proveist, baillies, dean of gild, and # conveener, that they have setled with Mr. Patrik Murray, now their second # minister, to pay him twelve hundered merkis Scottis yearelie for his stipend # and twa hundered merkis yearelie for his mans and gleib. [} [\11 OCTOBER 1669.\] }] The proveist, baillies, and councill of the said burgh, # being conveened, report was made be the deacon conveener and remanent deacones # that none of their trads will consent to any impositioun to be imposit # upon the boll malt for defraying the charges of the militia this last yeare and in # tyme comeing; quhilk being considered be the saids magistrats and councill, # and conceaveing that the common good of the said burgh is not able to defray # the same, therefore they have unanimouslie aggried that a perfyt list of # all the fencible men within the said burgh, betwixt sixtie and sixteen yeares of # age, be taken upe presentlie be the baillies of their severall quarters; and # quhatever expences is alreaddie depursit upon the militia that a stent be imposit # for the same upon ilk person be the head. And quhatever master sall conceale # any prenteis or servant he is to be lyable for the said concealed person # himselfe. The magistrats and councill appoyntis the thesaurer to caus # make six double and six single ledders for the townes use, and not to # lend them to any persone without fourtie shilling for ilk lend, and to buy twa # dozen of leather bucketts, and a green cloath for the counsell table. [} [\8 NOVEMBER 1669.\] }] The proveist, baillies, and councill, takeing to # consideration the great debt dew be the said burgh and the daylie increase thereof # through the

manifold burdeens layed upon the same, which the common good of # the said burgh is not able to defray; therefore, by pluralitie of # voices, they have aggried that all means be asseyed for a gift to be had from the Kings # Majestie for an imposition upon the malt brewed within the said burgh for # defraying the charges of the towns militia, and payment of the towns debts, # repairing of the tolbuith, and uther publict charges of the said burgh, and # recommends to the magistrats, dean of gild, and conveener to purchas the same # upon the towns charges. [\This act rescinded 7th October 1671.\] [} [\31 OCTOBER 1670.\] }] Aggried that there be a councill keept every first Saturnday # of ilk moneth in all tyme comeing for treating upon the common affaires of # the said burgh, and the haill members are requyred carefullie to keep the same, # but prejudice alwayes to keep oftner dyets as occasion sall requyre. [} [\7 JANUARY 1671.\] }] Recomendis to the minister to acquaint the kirk session that # a collection be gathered at the kirk upon a Sabboath for helping to build a # stone bridge in the Kers of Polmais over Bannokburn water. [} [\4 FEBRUARY 1671.\] }] Report was made be the magistrats that a collection was # gathered for the bridge over Bannokburn in the Kers, but the same was verie # inconsiderable for supplie of such a worke, and therefor they recomend to the # magistrats to help the same as they shall think fit. [} [\1 APRIL 1671.\] }] The proveist, baillies, and councill, takeing to their # consideration the hurt and prejudice that is done to the wrights, coopares, # glassinwrights, litstares, and sklaitters, free burgesses and inhabitants # within the said burgh, in suffering strangers of the saids callings, and not freemen # nor residenters within the same bearing burdeen with the rest, to worke within # the said burgh, and to take prenteises for shorter space then uther trads # doeth, and suffering them to set upe worke at their owin hands before they attaine # any knowledge of their trade, wherethrow the saids freemen who are # sufficiently furnished to serve the inhabitants of the said burgh in their respective # callings and trades

are rendered unable to bear their pairt of the common burdeens # of the said burgh without remead be provyded; for remead quherof, in tyme # comeing, the saids magistrats and councill statutis and ordeans that noe # wright, coopare, glassinwright, litstare, or sklaitter, not being freemen and # inhabitants within the said burgh, salbe suffered to worke their saids trades # within the libertie of the said burgh in tyme comeing till first they be enterit # burgesses and neighbours of the said burgh be the magistrats and councill and # pay therefore as uther strangers are in use to pay, and reside and beare all # publict burdeens with the rest of the neighbours of the said burgh; and that # none of the freemen of the callings foresaid take any prenteises in tyme # comeing for shorter space then fyve yeares, under the paine of an unlaw to # be exacted be the saids magistrats and councill; provyded alwayes that the # saids freemen of the callings foresaid worke at as easie rates and pryces as # heretofore hes been wrought at, and incase of differences or complaints to be made # therannent that they be alwayes regulat be the magistrats for the tyme. [} [\3 JUNE 1671.\] }] The magistrats and counsell, takeing to consideratioun the # desire of James Russell, dean of gild, in name of the gildrie, craveing # libertie to sett upe a cran at the shore upon the gildries expences, for the common # use of the gildbrether, doe hereby grant libertie to the said gildrie to set upe the # said cran for the use foresaid and to build a litle hous at the shore for # keeping the towes from rain. The magistrats and councill, considering the great abuse # heretofore comitted within this burgh by woole sellers, especiallie the # cuntrey people, bringing in their woole to the mercat and selling the same be # thrie howers in the morning; for preventing of which abuse in tyme comeing, # they have statute and ordeaned that no woole seller whatsomever presume # hereafter to open their sheets or packs, or sell any sort of woole within # this burgh, on the calsey or in shops and houses, till seavin howers in the # morning, under the paine of ten pounds ilk person. [} [\31 JULY 1671.\] }] The magistrats and councill, for preventing of a fyn to be # imposed by the lords of privie councill for not mending the hie wayes, have # ordeaned the town thesaurer to caus mend the way from the foot of the Mary Wynd # to the bridge

and to enlarge the same and imploy quarriers to levell the # craigs therin and build a new dyke on the eist syde in upon the hospital croft. [} [\2 DECEMBER 1671.\] }] The magistrats and councill have nominat James Stevinson, # proveist, and Robert Russell, baillie, to goe to Edinburgh, soe soon as # adverteisment comes from the towns advocatis, and attend the calling of the sumonds # raised be the Earle of Callander against the towne for the allegit staig and # shirreff gloves acclamed be him. [} [\6 JANUARY 1672.\] }] Ordeans that no muck or fuilyie be carried furth of the said # burgh to lay upon any land but such as belongs to the said burgh and # hospitallis, unles the transporters therof obleidge themselves to grind their # victuall at the towns milnes and pay the ordinare multour therfore. The magistrats and councill, understanding that the flesh # mercat is abused by the landwart fleshouris in bringing in to the mercat # to be sold old kye with milk in their papes, and selling the same for huddron # vaillis, by cutting aff the papes and lewers and priking them bak, and # bringing in casten calfes unlicked and wanting the head and selling the # same for good calf vaillis; for preventing of which abuse and uthers in tyme # comeing, the saids magistratis and councill statutis and ordeans that noe # landwart fleshour in tyme comeing bring in to the mercat to be sold any kye abone # the age of foure yeares to be sold for huddron; and that all such kye and # huddrons, and all calf vaillis brought in to be sold have their heads brought # in with them uncutt off; and that noe ew be brought in to be sold by the # landwart fleshouris or killed and sold be the town fleshouris from the first of # Januar till Whitsonday yearelie, and that none of them kill nor sell any bull or toop # from Michaelmes to Lambes yearlie; ilk person contraveening under # the paine of fyve pounds and confiscatioun of the saids beasts. The proveist, baillies and counsell, takeing to their # consideratione the great hurt and prejudice susteaned be the litstares of this # burgh through the abuse comitted be the litstares dwelling in landwart, who keeps # houses within the said burgh for resett of all sorts of yairn and cloath # brought to them by the neighbouris and cuntrey people to be litted, and bringing # in and carrieing out of the samyn be themselves and their servantis, wherethrow # the saids

town litstares are rendered unable to beare their pairt of the # common burdeens of the said burgh; for remead quherof the saids proveist, # baillies, and councill, statuts and ordeans that noe litstare dwelling in landwart, # presume, after Candlemes next, ather be themselves, their servants, or uthers # in their names, bring in any litted cloath or yairn within the said burgh, or # carry any yairn or cloath furth of the same to be litted be them, nor yet that # they keep any hous or shop to receave any cloath or yairn therin to be taken # out and litted as said is, under the paine of confiscation of the said yairn # and cloath, (if it be apprehended within the said burgh in their possession), and # payment of ane unlaw of fyve pounds to the towns use; provyded alwayes the # saids town litstares lit at as easie rates as the saids landwart # litstares, and to be regulat be the saids magistrats and councill; and that it sall be # lawfull to any neighbour or inhabitant of the said burgh, be themselves or their # servantis, to carry furth of the said burgh their owin cloath and yairn to landwart to be # litted be the saids landwart litstares and to bring in the same litted as # said is. [} [\3 FEBRUARY 1672.\] }] The magistrats and councill, considering the sad accidents # latelie befallen in this burgh through the old ruinous houses within the same, # pairt quherof hes killed some persons in their fall; for preventing # of the lyke hazard in tyme comeing they nominat the haill baillies, with the dean # of gild and conveener, to take some honest neighbouris and craftsemen and # take a view of all the old waist houses within the severall quarters of the # town, and to caus take down such as are ruinous and likelie to fall soe far # as may prevent hazard in tyme comeing. The thesaurer is ordeaned to send to London for twa dozen of # leather buckets for the towns use. [} [\16 MARCH 1672.\] }] The magistrats and councill appoyntis the masters of the # Over Hospital to pay fourtie shilling Scots, weeklie, to each of the # ordinares that are to reside in the said hospitall, for their aliement, and to lay in ane # load of coallis to ilk chamber weeklie in the summer tyme and twa loads weeklie in # the wintare tyme, and to furnishe candle necessary for their use. The councill recommends to the saids magistrats, dean of # gild, and thesaurer, to meett with the commissioners of the shire annent # the towns

proportion of the present leavie of foot imposed on this # kingdome for his Majesties service, comonlie called the Blue Coats. [} [\22 APRIL 1672.\] }] The magistrats and councill, takeing to their consideration # the expences and charges alreaddie depursit and to be depursit be the town # thesaurer out of the common good of the said burgh in the outreikeing of the # twa land sojers and ane half sojer, with their cloaths and blue coatts, and the # three seamen imposed on the said burgh be the lords of privie councill for # his Majesties service of the fleet, togither with their transport money to # Leith and Burntiland, which the said common good is not able to defray, they have # therefore unanimouslie aggried that there be three monethes assesse # casten on upon the inhabitants of the said burgh and territorie thereof for # defraying the foresaids charges; and recommends to the magistrats to setle # with such persons as will engadge for the said service at as easie rates as can # be aggried upon. And nominats James Brown, baillie, to take twa footmen with him # and conduct the twa land sojers to leith and to delyver them to the captane # and get a discharge; and nominats Robert Anderson, conveener, and uther # twa footmen with him, to conduct and delyver the thrie seamen at Burntiland # and to get a discharge to the town from such as hes power to receave them. [} [\1 JUNE 1672.\] }] The magistrats and councill, considering the manifold # complaints against the master and doctours of the grammer schoole for their # negligence and non proficiencie of the children therein, wherethrow the said # schoole is decayed, to the great hurt and discredit of the burgh, they have # unanimouslie aggried that the said master and doctours be discharged and their place # vacand at Mertimes, and that no master or doctour be admitted in their # place but by comon consent of the magistrats and haill councill. [} [\15 JULY 1672.\] }] The magistrats and councill hes aggried with John Inneis, # pyper, to be common pyper to the said burgh, and to accompany the drum every # evening and morning as the custome was formerlie; and for his service # they allow him twentie foure pounds Scotts yearlie for fie and cloathes, with # ane hous to dwell

in or the meale of an hous; and grantis him the priviledge of # playing to all penny brydellis within the said burgh. [} [\8 MARCH 1673.\] }] The magistrats and councill hes condiscended that the horse # race be run in the Brighaugh 15 dayes after Coopare race, and recomends to # the magistrats, dean of gild, and conveener, to see the ground and caus provyd # a silver cup as good as the former. [} [\29 MARCH 1673.\] }] The magistrats and councill considering the differences that # aryses betwixt the town and their fewers and heretors adjacent annent # the mertches of their lands, which is occasioned by the want of mertch # stones, and conceaveing that the most insensible way to procure the saids stons is by # imposeing upon ilk burges and gildbrother at their entrie twentie foure # shilling Scotts as the pryce therof, or els to furnish the said stones of the # quantitie following; therefore they hereby enact that the burgesses and gildbrether # to be enterit this day, and all such as salbe enterit hereafter, be obleidged # at their entrie to pay in to the town thesaurer (beside their entrie money) # tuentie four shilling Scotts for a mertch stone of thrie foot long and one # foot square, of broatched worke, with the year of God hewin in figures on the # upmest end, or els to furnish the said stone accordinglie at the thesaurers # option. [} [\7 JUNE 1673.\] }] The magistrats and councill hes condiscended that an # handsome sun dyall be sett upe in the hospitall yaird for the decorement # thereof; and understanding that John Buchanan, mason, has ane good dyall to # sell for that purpose, they nominat the saids magistrats, with the dean of # gild and conveener, to setle with the said John thereanent as easie as they can, # and to caus sett upe the same in the said yaird; and the masters of # the said over hospitall to pay the pryce therof as salbe aggried upon. [} [\5 JULY 1673.\] }] Receaves and admittis the persons following to the libertie # and freedome of burgesses and gild brether gratis, viz., Williame Andersone # of Clayslop, provest of Glasgow, John Semervell of Townhead, provest of # Ranfrew, William Wallace, late baillie of Glasgow, Hugh Nisbet, late baillie # there, George

Anderson, town clerke, there, Alexander Knox, merchand there, # David Spence town clerk of Rutherglen, John Cunynghame, sone to John # Cunynghame, provest of Dumbarton, and Robert Davie, servitor to the said # proveist of Glasgow. [} [\11 AUGUST 1673.\] }] The magistrats and councill, considering the vaccancie of # the grammer schoole of the said burgh, through decease of Mr. Thomas # Ronnald, last schoolemaster, they recommend to the magistrats, dean of gild, # and conveener, to speake to the ministers and take their advyce in the # planting of the said schoole with ane able schoolemaster. [} [\16 AUGUST 1673.\] }] The magistrats, dean of gild, and conveener, made report # that they had mett with the ministers, and after conference togither annent # the persons in leit to be master of the grammer schoole, they have concluded # that master William Brown, master of the grammer schoole of Culros, is the # fittest person to supplie that charge; which report was approven of be the # councill, provyding the said Mr. Williame be content to accept and submitt hinself # to the laws of the land. [} [\15 SEPTEMBER 1673.\] }] The magistrats, dean of gild, and conveener, made report to # the councill that they, with advyce and consent of the ministers, have # setled with Mr. William Brown to be schoolemaster of the grammer schoole of # this burgh, and hes subscrivit ane minute of aggriement with him, whose entrie # is to be at Mertimes next and is to continow for an year and langer dureing # the magistrats and councills pleasour, and his fiall to be foure # hundered merkis yearelie, and to enjoy the casualities that the deceast Mr. # Thomas Ronnald injoyed. [} [\22 SEPTEMBER 1673.\] }] The magistrats and counsell being informed that Thomas # Campbell, deacon of the glovers, did not give upe to the counsell a just # leit of the persons of his craft who were chosen be his brethreen, but that # Hugh M'Hewn, being one who was chosen be voyce to be in the leit, # the said Thomas held him out and pat in John M'Ley in his stead who was # not leited; therefore they ordeane the haill trade to be warned to the nixt # counsell day

that tryall may be taken of the truth therof and the person # guiltie of giveing upe the said unjust leit punished. [} [\4 OCTOBER 1673.\] }] The magistratts and counsell unlawes Thomas Campbell, # glover, in the sowme of fourtie pounds for the wrong late given in be him, in # respect of his confessioune, and to remaine in waird till he pay the same and # farder dureing the magistratts will. [} [\3 JANUARY 1674.\] }] The proveist produced ane ordour from his Majesties high # commissioner for quartering thrie companies of his Majesties regiment of # guard, dated the 13 December 1673, ordoureing the magistratts to delyver upe to # the commander in cheife the keyes of the bridge and ports; which ordour is # delivered to the dean of gild and convener to be putt in the boill. [} [\28 FEBRUARY 1674.\] }] Approves of Robert Russall, proveist, and Thomas Bachope, # baillie, ther report annent Alexander Burnes denunciatione of the # magistratts, and ordaines ther charges to be peyed out of the first end of the # conventicle keepers fynes, and what furder charges is expedient nor what the saids fynes # will satisfie the thesaurer is ordained to satisfie the same. Ordaines Robert Andersone, conveener, and Oliver Murray, # their clerk deput, to goe to Edinburgh annent the letteres intrusted to # their charge for summonding of the conventicle keepers in Patrick Thomsones # house, upone the 15 of February last, and ther charges to be payed out of the # first end of the conventicle fynes, and what they will not satisfie the # thessaurer is to pay the same. [} [\7 APRIL 1674.\] }] Recoments to the dean of gild for the gildrie, the deacone # conveener for the deacons and trads, Cristopher Rusall, baillie, to acquaint # the maltmen, Thomas Bachope to acquaint the mechanicks and omni gatherum, to # provyde bucketts incaise (as God forbid) fyre sould fall in the towne, # and they are to report the same the nixt counsell day; and the thesaurer to # provyde cleiks and towes. Ordaines ane ansuer to be sent to my lord Argyll his letter # anent his desyre of Alexander Burns liberatioune, and appoynted Robert # Russall, proveist,

and James Browne, late baillie, to goe to Edinburgh and inform # the said lord Argylle theranent and uther lords of the counsell who may be # misinformed. [} [\165 APRIL 1674.\] }] Appoynts Robert Russall, proveist, and Oliver Murray, clerk # deput, to goe to my lord Atholl and treat with him annent the quartering of # his troup. [} [\15 JUNE 1674.\] }] The magistrats is to meit for ordoring quarters for the # conventione of burrous againest the [\7th July when the convention of burghs # was to be held in the burgh\] and to ordain all ventoners to have meat and # drink againest the same tyme for the credit of the burgh. The councell having red ane desyre of John Grahame, # postmaster generall of this kingdome, for their assistance anent the setling ane # letter office for giving the town and contrey therabout intelligence from # Edinburgh tuice a week, and having taiken the same to ther consideration they are # not fullie resolved upon their ansuer but shall give the same to him # within ane short space. The councell grants to commissar Monro the benefite of the # ringing of the councell bell everie court day for better advertisement of # the toun and contrie people of the dyat of court, and to continue during # their pleasure. [} [\18 JULY 1674.\] }] The proveist and baillies, being conveined anent the # opposing of ane signatur presented to his Majestie in favores of the mechanicks # of this burgh for the libertie of ane deaconrie within the same, the whol # counsell, in one voice, declairs they know nothing of nor hade hand in the # contraiving of the said signatur anent the liberties therin contained, nor of the # presenting theirof; and theirfor they, in pluralitie of voyces, # condescends to oppose the samen to the utmost of their power, and for that effect they # have nominat and appoynted Cristopher Russall, baillie, and Oliver Murray, # clerk, to goe to Edinburgh and consult the maner of opposing the same, and # quether or not ane lettere sall be drawn to the duke of Lauderdail. [} [\29 AUGUST 1674.\] }] The magistrats and councell, taking to consideratione the # project of the

measons, wrights, and uther mechanicks, factiously invented and # caried on be John Buchanan and others, without the privite, knowledg, or # consent of the magistrats and councill, quherby they seek the priviledg to # elect ane deacone of ther oun who sall have power to enter and admitt friemen and # to seclud and debarr all others from working within the toun and # territories therof, with comand to the magistrats and councill to admitt that deacone to # be ane counceller and to fortifie and assist with him to put his acts # and ordors againest unfriemen to executione, and quherupon the saids mechanicks had # drawn and prepaired ane signator for his Majesties hand and thought till # have gotten it secreitlie past; and the councell forseing that if this designe # of the saids mechanicks should proceid it wold prejudge the whol heritors # within the burgh that have houses to build and repair, and it wold also break # the harmonie and good concord of the toune councell and the ancient # estableishment their by an additional trads conceller; theirfore the councell, by # pluralitie of vots, have resolved to oppose the said designe of the mechanicks by # all laufull means and wayes. Theirefter the councell having called the said John # Buchannan, measone, befor them, as the chife contraiver and promoter of # the forsaid designe, and desyred him to desist and not to proceid any # further therin, and being a thing soe obnoxious to the weil and pace of the toune, # the said John most arrogantly and insolently ansuered that he wold persecut # and sett fordward the designe with his heall meins and fortune to the utmost of # his power, say the contrair who wold; quhilk cariadge of the said John # Buchannan being thought by the councell to be a great fault and ingratitude # done againest the toune who gave him his burgess gratis, and finding this his act # directly repugnant to his burges oath, theirfore the councell, be # pluralitie of voyces, declaired the said John Buchanan to have omitted and lost the # benefite of his freedome as ane burges for him and his in the said burgh, and # the same to be void and null in all tyme coming. And the said sentence being # intimat to him he protests againest the samen and appealled to the supream # judicatorie for remeid theirof. [} [\7 NOVEMBER 1674.\] }] Appoynts Walter Patersone, thesaurer, to bigg the guard # house upon the High Street quher it was in the tyme of the Inglishes, and to # beginn the work upon Mononday come eight dayes.

[} [\19 MAY 1675.\] }] Ordeanes the thessaurer and clerk to make search concerneing # the old court books of the fisheing of the watter of Forth and rights # belonging therto, to the effect the saids magistratts may be the better informed # of any priviledge or debaitts betuixt the feuars of Corntowne and the townes # fishers. Appoynts Robert Russall, proveist, [\and four others,\] to # treat and lay downe ane way for setleing the horse and letter post offices. The magistratts and counsell, considdering of the hazards # incurred both be the nighbours of this burgh and uthers through the great # stanes lyeing in the towne and abay foords, that veshells are not able to goe # upe or downe without the loss of both men, goods, and veshell, therfore they # ordained Robert Russall, present provest, [\and eight others\] to lay downe the # best way how to conveen men furth of everie incorporatione for repaireing of # the saids foords. [} [\28 JUNE 1675.\] }] The magistratts and counsell hes receaved and admitted ane # noble marques James marques of Montros [\and several others\] in # nighboures and gild brether of the said burgh, gratis. [} [\14 AUGUST 1675.\] }] Walter Patersone, thesaurer, receaved twentie six rix # dollors, being 76 li. 17 s. for the pryce of the cupp which sould have beene rune in # (\anno\) 1674, after roupeing therof. [} [\6 NOVEMBER 1675.\] }] Appoynted Duncane Watsone, younger, to keep the townes keyes # which were in Duncane Watsone, elder, late deane of gild, his # custodie, till Michaelmes nixt, in respect the said Duncane Watsone, elder, wold not # accept of his place at Michaelmas last as dane of gild, albeit he was chosen # be the counsell to exerce the said office. [} [\10 NOVEMBER 1675.\] }] The magistratts and counsell being conveened for setting of # the revenewes of this brugh and hospittall lands, and considdering that # everie persone overbiddeth another out of prejudice and invy, and afterward maketh moyane # with counsellers by bills to gett ease, therefore they have # unanimouslie condescendit that in tyme comeing ther be noe bills given for any ease of # any taks ather alreadie sett for preceeding yeares, or what sall happen to be # this day sett, or

heirafter salbe sett, certifieing any counseller who shall # speake in favours of any of the saids taksmen they shalbe repute and holdine as # unfaithfull counsellers and persones not freinds to the said brugh. [} [\27 NOVEMBER 1675.\] }] Ordained ane dyk to be biggit with stone and lyme frae the # towne wall downe wher the old trinch stands at the Borrowmylne. Appoynts ane letter to be sent to the archbishope of St # Androis annent the planting of the first minister of this brugh. [} [\4 DECEMBER 1675.\] }] The magistratts and counsell who had receaved ane letter # from the proveist and baillies of Kirkcaldie annent ane voluntar # contributioune for bigging of ane peer at the said towne, they granted that ane # contributioun sould be ingathered; and the way and maner of colecting therof # they remited to the gildrie and the deacone conveener and trads to consider. The magistratts and counsell receaved ane letter from # Innerkeithing for ane supplie for releiveing the poor prisoners that are lyeing # under the slaverie of the Turks, conforme to the privie counsells ordour # therannent, and the saids magistratts to interpone ther authoritie for ingathering of the # supplies of the presbetrie; which letter being considderit they ordained the # same to be communicat be the proveist to the presbetrie the first # presbetrie day. [} [\27 DECEMBER 1675.\] }] The magistratts and counsell having receaved ane letter from # the lord chancellar, dated the 16th September instant, ordaines the # proveist and baillies to send in ane accompt to the lords of his Majesties privie # counsell of all persones who hes taken the declaratioune at Michaelmas last and # to report the first of February nixt; which letter being considderit they # have delayed any ansuer therannent till they gett notice what other burghs # hes done therin; and ordaines the clerk to wreat to Hew Stivinsone what other # burghs hes done therannent. [} [\15 APRIL 1676.\] }] The magistratts and counsell receaved ane supplicatioune # under the hand of Captaine Robert Johnstowne, and other gentlemen archers # within the said burgh, mentioneing that the sport of archerie was almost # decayed within this

kingdome, yitt that other royall burrowes were rediviveing the # same againe, humblie intreating therefore that the saids magistratts and # counsell wold give out ane pryse to be shott for as they sould think fitt; which # supplicatioune being considderit be the saids magistratts and counsell they # ordaine ane pryse to be shott for to the value of 24 lib. Scotts yearlie dureing # ther pleasour, and the tyme of the shootting therof to be appoynted be them. [} [\29 JULY 1676.\] }] Ordaines the masters of the Over Hospitall to buy ane great # Byble, ane bell, and other things neidfull, for the pensioners of the # said hospitall ther accomodatioune for ther devotioune, at the sight of the # magistratts, dean of gild and a tradsman. [} [\27 NOVEMBER 1676.\] }] The right reverend Mr. Patrick Murray, minister of the said # brugh, gave in his petitioune to the saids proveist, baillies, and # counsell, mentioneing that at the aggreement betuixt the saids magistratts and him, and # when he receaved ther presentatioune to the said ministrie, it was # aggreed upon that he sould have ane act of counsell for his securitie annent the # peyment of tuelve hundreth merks yearlie of stipend and two hundreth merks # yearlie for his manse and gleib, to be peyed to him at Wittsonday and # Mertimes yearlie proportionablie, dureing his service of the cure as # minister of the said burgh, and that notwithstanding of the thankfull payment of the # said stipend and mans, yett he had no securitie granted for the tyme to # come, and therfoir craveing their might be ane act past in his favours for his # securitie of the said stipend, manse and gleib money; which being considered be the # said proveist, baillies, and counsell, they not onlie approve of the said # aggriement but also enactis and ordaines that the said Mr. Patrick Murray have the # forsaid twell hundreth merkis yearlie of stipend, and twa hundreth merkis for # his manse and gleib, also yeirlie, dureing his service of the cure ... and # thir presentis shall be ane sufficient warrand to the thesaurer and others # lyeable for payment yeirlie of the said stipend, manse and gleib money. [} [\7 SEPTEMBER 1677.\] }] The magistratts and counsell approves of the report [\of # provost Russall, dean of guild, and bailies,\] of their procureing of warrand # for transporteing of ane warlock and three witches, imprisoned by ane warrand from # the earle of

Wigtowne, as ane privie counseller, at the instance of Robert # Douglas of Barloch; and syclyk approves of the said Robert Russall and # George Lapslie, baillie, ther being at the counsell the said day. The saids magistratts and counsell approves of ane act in # the court book against severall of the tailyeors therin mentioned, wherin they # are found to be extraordiner spenders of ther owne comon good, therfore what is # yett resting of the said exorbitant spending in all tyme bygaine to # whatsomever persone of persones, or what heirafter they sall exorbitantlie spend, # it sall not affect the comon good of the said trad in any tyme comeing. [} [\6 OCTOBER 1677.\] }] Robert Andersone, deacone of the baxters, and conveener of # the trads, made complent to the magistratts and counsell upon huksters and # severall other inhabitants within the said brugh who vents and tops oatt # bread, to the great prejudice, libertie, and interest of the baxters of # the said burgh; which complent being considderit be the saids magistratts and # counsell, they, for the better incoradgment of the said trad, hes statut and # ordained, and be thir presenttis statuts that in noe tyme comeing noe kynd of # bread salbe sold or vented within the said burgh and territories thereof be any # inhabitant butt be the members of the baxter trade allennerlie. [} [\20 OCTOBER 1677.\] }] The magistratts and counsell have appoynted and condescendit # that the earle of Marr gett 2500 merks for ilk chalder of the lands of # Raploch with the right of patronadge, and that the right be drawne with consent # of lawers on both syds, and that they approve of the bargane made with the # said earle to this purpose. [} [\31 DECEMBER 1677.\] }] Appoynts the proveist, baillies, deane of gild, and # conveener, to meett in the clerks chamber and conveene the wholl persones within the # said burgh that are not entered, that they enter themselves, and these who # will enter to the militia company of this burgh to be admitted burges gratis, # they serveing in the said company for the space of three yeares. [} [\16 FEBRUARY 1678.\] }] The magistratts and counsell, taking to ther considerationne # that it is

fitt and necessar that infeftment be taken of the lands of # Raploch be the masters of the Over Hospittal, in name of the poore, and the # saids masters to take upe ane list of the wholl tennants and conveene them # together ay and whill they find catioune for peyment of ther dewties, at the # sight of the saids magistratts, deane of gild, and conveener. The magistratts and counsell, taking to ther consideratioune # the great charges the towne is putt to by putting out fyftie men for # serveing of the militia, and for better satisfeing therof they ordaine the # wholl old poll money to be colected, as also that everie persone within the said # brugh above the aige of sixteen yeares sall pay 20 s. Scottis money of new # poll. [} [\8 APRIL 1678.\] }] The magistratts and counsell approves of John McCulloch, # baillie, and Duncan Watsone, younger, dean of gild, ther being at Air at the # comitte of the counsell, with the report of the saids magistratts and # counsell ther subscryveing of the band for not keeping of conventicles, with the report of # the persones who will not subscryve for the magistratts releife. The magistratts and counsell receaved ane ordour from the # privie counsell, dated the 27 February last, bypast, commanding the magistratts # and counsell of the said brugh to present the band to the recusants # therin contained, and for that effect authorizes them to prosecute the same # conforme to the tennor of the said act, and to report to the privie counsell # the next Munday. Ordanes the townes thesaurer, [{to buy ane silver arrow{] to # be shott at, to the value of twentie four pound Scottis, and that with all # conveniencie. [} [\27 APRIL 1678.\] }] Appoynted Robert Russall, proveist, and John M'Cullo, # baillie, to goe to Edinburgh and attend the summonds given to them at the instance # of his Majesties advocat and Sir James Campbell of Lawers, for the # aleadgeing some persones to escape furth of ther tolbuithe, aleadgit guilty of # thifts and robberies. [} [\2 MAY 1678.\] }] The magistrats and councell, taking to ther consideratione # the great abuse and convocatione of prenteises of this burgh, upon the 20 # of Aprile last, contrair to the acts of parliament, without libertie or # licence of the magistrats, and of ther breaking up of prisone doors, in hye # and manifest

contempt of his Majesties authoritie, and ane obligatione being # presented to Robert Andersone, deacone conveiner, and remanent deacones of # the trades within the said burgh, not onlie for their peaceable behavior # in tyme coming but alsoe for submission to the magistrats for their former # misdemanure, the said Robert Andersone, conveiner, for himself and in name of # the rest, and they be themselves, craved Mononday next to interpose ther # moyane for suppressing the said fault and for giving obedience and submissione of the # said fault, and incaice the magistrats be not satisfied with the # said report that the councell authorizes the saids magistrats to proceed for the # saids insolences conforme to the act of parliament. [} [\5 AUGUST 1678.\] }] Robert Russall, proveist, made report that he had gotten ane # signatour past in favoures of the said burgh, be his Majesties exchequer, # discharging any burgh of barronie or regalitie within two myles of the said # burgh, and of quhich signature the said Robert Russall presented ane double # to the councell, quhich was red and approven be them. [} [\9 NOVEMBER 1678.\] }] Nominat Robert Russall, proveist, to goe to Edinburgh and # consult with Sir George Lochart, or some other advocatts, annent the # declarator depending before the lords of sessioune upon the gift granted be his # Majestie and exchequer in favours of the said brugh dischargeing burghs of # regallitie or barronie to be within two myllis of the same. [} [\29 MARCH 1679.\] }] In regaird of the decease of Oliver Murray, town clerk, the # magistrats and counsell admitted James Norie, notar, as clerk (\pro # tempore\) , who made faith as use. Robert Russall, proveist, produced the decreit of declarator # recovered upon the lait gift granted be his Majestie to this burgh # dischargeing regalities or brughes of barronie to be within twa mylles therof, off # whois cair and dilligence the counsell approves; and the samin decreit and # charter or gift, yit in the proveists handis, is ordained to be putt up in the # boill.

The magistrats and counsell electis and choyses William # Rind, notar in this burgh, their clerk whill Michealmas next. [} [\7 MAY 1679.\] }] The magistrats and counsell takeing to consideratioun that # the first new fair of this brugh falles upon the 29 instant, and that the # said day is appoynted to be ane anniversarie thanksgiveing for his Majesties # restoratioun to his government of his kingdomes, thairfoir they continow the # begining of the fair whill the 30 May instant; and appoyntis the samin to be # proclaimed throw the toun be tuck of drum the morrow and the morrow fourtnight. Appoyntis the thesaurer to buy ane bow and arow of silver, # to the value of twentie four pundis, which is to be given as ane free pryze # to the archers to shoot for in the Frier yaird. [} [\3 JUNE 1679.\] }] The magistrats and counsell takeing to ther consideratioun # the necessitie of putting of the toune in ane postur of defence against the # appeiring dangers of these phanaticks in the west now risen in armes, useing soe # many actis of hostilitie at Lowdoun Hill and other places, and killing and # murdering his Majesties forces, they have appoynted the baillies and with # them the persones following, viz., [\three persons for each quarter\] to pas with # all dilligence throw their severall quarters and caus secure the armes of all # persones known to be disaffected therin, which they are to deliver to the baillies # imediatlie, with what powder and lead sall be found in their custodie, and to # command them to keip within their own dores under all hiest pain that after # may follow; and also to the saidis baillies and these commissionat with them to # take notice of the number of the men and youthes who lies ordorlie and how # they are armed, and to command them upon the beatting of the drum that they # repair with their haill armes to the hospittall, under the pain forsaid. [} [\21 JULY 1679.\] }] Approves of baillie Watsone and Robert Anderson, lait # conveiner, ther goeing to Edinburgh to supplicatt the privie counsell for # keiping of the militia regiment heir the time of the lait rebellion. Appoyntis the thesaurer to receave in ane account of the # work done at the port, borow mylne and sluce, to persones for getting # intelligence, and other

contingencies the tyme of the lait rebellion, and after # approven be the magistrats to pay the respective persones to whom they are dew. The proveist gave in the new gift and declarator therupon, # which ar put up in the boill. Alsoe he produced ane lettere frae Alvae anent # the fischeing in the Girnell, quherunto the clerk is appoynted to draw ane # ansuere; and ordains interuption to be made with all dilligence. The proveist, baillies, and counsell, considering that throw # the want of ane advocatt thir severall yearis bygane, as the tounes # ordinarie assessor, they have been at great charges in consulteing evrie particular # affair quherin the samin brugh is concerned, and that the setling and choyseing # upon ane fitt and qualified person to be the touns advocatt for advysing of # ther severall affaires may tend much to the weell and profitt of this place; # and the proveist, baillies, and counsell, haveing experience of the # qualificatiouns and abilitie of Mr. Robert Colt, advocatt, they therfoir all in # one voice elect and choyse the said Mr. Robert Colt to be, indureing his # lyftyme, at least dureing ther pleasure, advocatt for the toun of Stirling, and # to have fiftie eight pundis Scottis yearlie of sallarie, which was payed to # umquhill Mr. George Norvell, formerlie the tounes advocatt. [} [\9 AUGUST 1679.\] }] The counsell thinkis it fitt, with all diligence, that cair # be takin for supplieing the vaccancie of the ministrie be the decease of # doctor William Pearsone, minister. The clerk produced ane instrument bearing Alvae to be # interupted in his fischeing of the Girnell, upon the fourt of August instant, # which is ordained to be putt up in the boill. The counsell ratifies and approves all former actis made # against hocksters, cadgers, and retailers, their buying, makeing paction for, or # receaving, of any fleshes, fisches, butter, cheese, foulles, and other vivers, # untill the tymes and under the paines at lenth therin exprest; with this addition # that no hockster, cadger, or retailer, presum on any day to buy any fisch taken # in the tounes watters whill they first come to the mercat and the fisches lye # upon the hie streit for the space of twa houres therafter; and that non of # ther others vivers be bought or made paction for be the saidis cadgeris, # hocksteris, or retaileris, whill they be brought to the mercat and abyde therin whill # elevin houres in

the foirnoone, ilk persone under the pain of fyve punds for # ilk failyie, by and attour the confiscatioune of the vivers they shall happin to # buy or receave sua as said is. The proveist, baillies, and counsell, not onlie ratifies and # approves all former actis prohibiting all neighbours to persew others befoir # any inferior court, except the toune court, gildrie, or trades court, sua # far as they have power to judge, unles the debt be consistoriall; and als # statuts and ordaines whatevir neighbour sall in tyme comeing persew other save # befoir the inferior courts above exprest, unless the caus be consistoriall, shall # incurr the penaltie of ten pundis Scottis money for each contravention heirof. Upon complaints made to the magistrats and counsell that # albeit they recover decreits befoir the toune court yit they are delayed of # payment by the officeris negligence in not putting the decreits to # executioune, the saids magistrats and counsell have ordained that each officer, as he # is employed, putt to execution the haill decreits, and precepts upon registrat # bandis, shall be delyverit to him be any partie; and upon complaint of ther # negligence they shall incurr the penaltie of fyve pundis for ilk failyie attour # imprisonment of ther persons. And when any neighbour refuissis to goe to ward # when charged that they imediatlie make the samin knoune to the magistrats # that the contraveineris may be punished. [} [\25 AUGUST 1679.\] }] Robert Russall, proveist, shew that he had spoken with the # earle of Marr anent ane minister to succeid in place of doctor William # Pearson, whois ansuere was that Mr. John Monro was fitt for the place and # weell principled and he would consent to ane presentation to him, which report # the counsell approved of. Recomendis to the baillie of each quarter to ingather the # armes borrowed out of the castle or tolbuith the tyme of the last rebellion, # and to delyver back to the castle soe many as was borrowed furth therof, and # retire the thesaurers receipt he gave to the governour therof. [} [\28 AUGUST 1679.\] }] The proveist, baillies, and counsell, have condiscendit and # aggried that Mr. John Monro succeid as minister in place of umquhill doctor # William Pearsone, and therfoir have subscrivit ane presentation to him.

[} [\22 SEPTEMBER 1679.\] }] The proveist, baillies, and counsell, takeing to # consideratione that some of the cheefe and most eminent burghs of the kingdome have, for # removeing of the inconveniencies and debaitts that happined concerning the # too long continwoance of some persones in the magistracie amongst them, # thought fitt to limitat the tyme of ther endurance in office for the future; # and the saids magistrats and counsell of this burgh being desyreous to follow # the good example and to cutt of all practices, mistakes, jealousies, and # offences, that may occurr in this place on that behalfe in all tyme heirafter, # have enacted and ordained that in all tyme comeing the proveist, baillies, # deane of gild, and thesaurer, (they being allwayes dewly elected yeirly) may # continow or be continowed in office for the space of two yeires without # intervell and noe longer; and, to the end this good designe shall not become in # desuitud in tyme comeing, it is alsoe ordained that each counseller at his # admission shall solemnly swear that they shall never recall nor infringe this # act, but observe the samin fullie, and that naither they themselves shall cairie # nor vott for any proveist, baillie, deane of gild, or thesaurer, to carie or # continow in the said respective offices noe longer nor the tym above prescryved. [} [\13 OCTOBER 1679.\] }] The proveist produced the right of patronadge granted be the # earle of Mar to the toun, which is ordained to be putt up in the boill. [} [\3 JANUARY 1680.\] }] Recomendis to the proveist and baillies to convein befoir # them the inhabitantis in the Castlehill and to comun with them anent # ther bearing of ther pairts of the publict burdens, and to report the nixt # counsell day. [} [\20 JANUARY 1680.\] }] Recomendis to the proveist, conveiner, and clerk, to repair # to Allowae and deall with the earle of Mar for ordoreing the weavers in # the Castlehill to beare ther partis of publict burdens with the toun as # formerlie, in regaird of ther refuiseall, and the said noble earles desyre to continow # the samin when last heir whill his returne frae the west. [} [\1 MAY 1680.\] }] The proveist, conveiner, and clerk, made report of ther # meitting with the

earle of Marr anent the weavers in the Castlehill, and that the # debaitt was by his lordship referred to Captain George Erskin and John Keirie # of Gogar, the magistrats, deane of gild, and conveiner; which reference # the counsell approves of, and recomends to their number to doe their pairts and report # the nixt counsell day. [^EXTRACTS FROM THE COUNCIL REGISTER OF THE BURGH OF ABERDEEN, 1625-, 2 VOLS., SCOTTISH BURGH RECORDS SOCIETY, 1871-1872. SAMPLE 1: 185.15-220.13 SAMPLE 2: 258.17-275.22^]

[}18 JANUARY 1660.}] The said day, the provest held out to the counsell befor # convenit, that James Vicount of Frendrat being with James Crichtoun of # Kinardie, his father, imprisonit within the Tolbuith of this burghe at # the instance of certane persons, ther creditors, for certane sowms of money and # other onerous caussis containit in the severall actis of # incarceratioun maid thairanent, haid vpon the seventent day of Januar instant, betwixt four and fyue hours efternoon, maid escape out of prisone at the # Tolbuith dor, by neglect of William Garich, Alexander Smith, and George Pratt, # town officers, then keepers of the dores, they being abusit by # drink; and that for regaining the said prisoners the magistrats haid bein # vseing all the dilligence and moyen they culd, and haid sent Baillie Alexander # and Baille Mollisoun, accompanied with certane of the ablest men of the # toune, for macking furth ane inquirie for and efter the said Vicount, and # haid

wretin leters to the capitane of the watch for the shyr and # others, giving notice of the said escape, and craveing their assistance, and # desyrit the new and old counsellis ther approbatioun of the premissis, and # that they wold advyse the magistrats what further they suld doe in the # said business. The new and old counsell abov convenit, approvit of the # magistrats ther proceeding in the premisses, and recomendit to thame to # caus giue notice by leters to Banff, Invernes, Elgin, and other # burghes they suld think requisit, and also to the Capitane of Dunoter Castle, and # Governour of Invernes, for ther assistance in regaineing the said # prisoner, and geting passes stopit, that he suld not mack escape out of the natioun. [}22 FEBRUARY 1660.}] The said day, the counsell tacking to consideratioune that # all former attempts and essayes gone about and vseit anent the regaineing # of James Vicount of Frendrat, who did vpon the seventeint day of March # [\January\] last, escape furth of the Tolbuith of this burghe, haid provine # ineffectuall and to no purpose; and yet, notwithstanding, resolveing not to giue # over but further to act in anything conduceable thereanent, they have # impowerit and authorized, and does impower and authorize the magistrats # to act and goe about any further dilligence in regaineing of the said # Vicount they sall find expedient; and what the magistrats sall doe theranent # the counsell to holde firme and stable, and wheranent thir presents to be # warrand. [}30 MAY 1660.}] The said day, the provest, baillies, and counsell # understanding that our Soverane Lord the Kings Maiestie, to the great rejoiceing # of ther hearts, wes now efter a long banishment from the enjoyment of his # dominions of England, Scotland, and Ireland, by the wonderfull mercies of # God and ouer ruleing hand of Providence happily restorit to the just and # good governement of his saids dominions, and wes in a peaceable maner, without # hostilitie

and war arryvit in England, and that ther wes a sweit comon and # concord betwixt his Maiestie and the Parliament, which, as it wes # exceeding great mater of rejoiceing and incitement vpon the hearts of all his # Maiesties subjects to be much in prayer for his Maiestie, and in blissing # and praiseing the God of heaven for so wonderfull and great a mercie to thes # his Maiesties dominions, and to this burghe in particular, as one # small part and incorporation theroff, who haid in his Maiesties absence beine # vnder verie great thraldome, bondage, and slauerie, so it wes ther dewtie, # and they haid great mater to expres and manifest ther joy to all the # world in the most solemne outward maner they wer able to expres and win to; # tharfor the provest, baillies, and counsell haue appointit and ordanit, # and does ordaine and appoint Master John Patersone, ane of ther # ministers, and Mr John Mengzes, professor of divinitie, to mack ane sermon of # thanksgiving, the on in the Old Church, and the other in the New Church, vpon # the [^BLANK^] day of [^BLANK^] nixt, and his Maiesties loft in the # Old Church to be all hung ouer with tapestrie in the best maner can # be devysit against the said day, and that the haill inhabitants of this # brughe be warnit at the mercat croce and throw the haill streits of the toune be # sound of trumpet and beat of drum, to assemble themselues and be in # readines in their best armes at sevin o'clock in the morneing, in the # churchyard the said day, and ther to leave and lay doune their armes in order, # and goe to the church and attend the sermons, and giue most humble and # heartie thanks to God for his Maiesties happie restauration and # wonderfull mercie to his dominions; and that the mercat croce of this brughe be # all hung about with tapestrie in the best maner can be devysit, haveing # wpon the top therof musicianars skilfull in singing and playing, and ane # long table to be sett therat, and all sorts of confections set theron, and # the magistrats and most worthie men of the toune to be set and placit # therabout, and that tuo peece of wyne be broucht to the croce, the on claret and # the vther whyte wyne, and run therat and givin to all that pleases to # call for the samen, and ane great number of glasses to be cassin and brokin, # and that the haill inhabitants come from the churches in ther armes, the # magistrats

being befor, singing songis and praiseing with such scripturall # psalms as the minister sall appoint, and that the whole bells in the # toune be rung the whole day, and bonfyrs put on, and the inhabitants efter # ther comeing from the church to the croce singing and praising God as # aforsaid, to draw up in order in ther armes wpon the Castellgatt Streit, befoir # the magistrats and others, who sall be about the table at the croce, and # orderlie giue such volies and shots as sall be appointit to them be the magistrats # and ther respective commanders heirefter nominat, and the trumpets and # drums sounding and beating according to the respective orders to be # givin therfor, and that efter disolveing from the croce the inhabitants spend # the remanent of the day in shooteing and goeing thorow the streets # of the toune, and that they vse all civill and godlie merriement and # joy, that may evidence and expres the joy and glaidnes of ther hearts; and # for the beter ordering of the inhabitants vnder ther armes in goeing about # the forsaid work, ordanit the inhabitants be devydit in four companies # according to their respective quarters, and each company to haue their owne # capitanes and wther commanders in maner efter specifeit, viz.: for the # companie of the Futtie quarter, Thomas Melvill, lait dean of gild, capitane, # George Melvill his levtennent, and Robert Gray, second lawfull sone of the # deceist Mr Thomas, lait provest, ensigne bearer: (^Item^), for the company # of the Grein quarter, Alexander Burnet of Skethoksley, capitane; John # Scott, lait deane of gild, levtennent; and Robert Burnet, sone to Alexander # Burnet, lait baillie, ensigne bearer: (^Item^), for the company of the # Crookit quarter, William Cuthbert, burges of Aberdein, capitane; Walter Innes, # burges thair, levtennent; and James Robertson, sone to Alexr. Robertsone, # lait baillie, ensigne bearer; and for the Evin quarter, Master Robert Patrie, # lait baillie, capitane; Arthour Dalgardno, burges, thair levtennent; and Mr # Thomas Buck, ensigne bearer; with power to the saids capitans to # choose sergeands and wthers neidfull theranent, and appointit the dean of gild # to sie and caus the premisses accordinglie be performit, and what charges # and expenssis sall be expent and debursit theron, the samen to be allowit in # his accompts.

[}6 JUNE 1660.}] The said day, the counsell appoints the magistrats to caus # wret, draw vp, and subscriue for themselues, and in name of the counsell # and communitie of this burghe, and ample leter and humble addres to his # Majestie, in the best forme can be falne vpon, and to delyuer the samen # to the Laird of Drum, who is goeing wp to his Majestie, to be delyverit in # their name. [}4 JULY 1660.}] The said day, anent the complaint givin in to the counsell # be Doctor James Lesly, doctor of medicine, [^A LIST OF NAMES OMITTED^] burgesses of Abirdein, against Mr Andro Cant, minister of the # said burghe, mentioning that wher upon the last day of solemnitie # for congratulating his Majesties hapie restauratioun to his just rights, the # compleners finding in on of ther numbers custodie ane tresonable and # seditious book in Inglish, callit (^Lex Rex^), publishit without author or # authoritie, being stuffit with no les treasone and rebellion then ane serpent # full of poysone, wheras by the lawes of this kingdome, Queen Marys Parliament 5, # Act 27, the publishing of any books without publict authoritie is # expresly forbiddin; lykways it wes clear be the Acts of Parliament efter mentionat, that the hearing and concealling of treasone, tresonabil books # or wrets, in prejudice of his Maiestie, is declarit to be hich tresone, the # compleeners esteeming it ther duetie as a work suteable for that day, and # the mor to testifie ther loyaltie, did destroy that book which properly # did belong to them, that others micht not be insnarit therwith, leaving the # censur of all such infernall peeces and ther authors to suprem authoritie; # yit, nevertheless, the said Mr Andro Cant, upon the last Lords day, being the # first of Julii instant, did publictly, in his sermon, to ther honors # hearing, vindicat

and declair that the author of the said book wes ane holy, # learnit, gracious, and pious man as euer this natioun brought furth, and did most # uncristianly utter cursses and imprecatiouns against the compleeners, viz., # God rub shame upon them, and to set his mark upon them, which he # declarit to be his prayers in privat, and calling us villanes and actors # of villanies, praying lykways that the said mark micht be affixit on ther # bodies, that ther soulls micht be savit in the day of the Lord, contrar to # Christs rule, who comands ws blis and curs not; and seeing that by Act of # Parliament K. James VI., Parliament 14, Act 205, It is appointit that the # authors of all treasonable books or wrets sall not be conceallit, but that all # persons ar holdin to declair the samen to the sheriff, provest, or # baillie, within brugh, under paine of treasone; and the said Mr Andro haveing so # friely and publictly preachit to the vindicatioun and praiss of the author # of the said book, it is presumit that he himselff is the author, or # otherways he can condiscend upon some other: lastly, in respect by other Acts of # Parliament, King Charles I., Parliament 3, 84=th= , Act 8=th= ; and also in # the Act King Charles I., the 2=nd= triennial Parliament, session # 2=nd= , Act 20=th= , It is appointit that quhatsomeuer persone or persons suld be hard to curs, they suld be punishit by seueral fines, and if he wer ane minister, # he suld los the fyft part of his yeirly stipend, tharfor desyring the # counsell to convein the said Mr Andro to ansuer to the abone writin bill; and they # wold consider that Gods glorie, the kings honour, the peoples # saifitie, being so much interestit therin, and the dangerous consequences that # micht follow if this opportunitie suld be omittit, and efter full # examination, that they wold grant justice as accordis in law, and ordaine him to # condiscend upon the author of the book, and censur him for his cursing; which # supplicatioun and complaint the counsell haueing hard, appointit the baillies # to goe on and try the particulars contanit in the bill, and to # report to the counsell.

[}15 AUGUST 1660.}] The said day, the counsell appoints the sermons preachit in # the churches of this brughe be Mr John Paterson, minister of this # brughe, and Mr John Mengzes, professor of divinitie, vpon the [^BLANK^] day # of [^BLANK^] last, for the Kings Majesties happie restauration to the just # governement of his dominions, to be put to the presse and printit with all # convenient dilligence, wpon the charges of the toune, and appoints the # ministers to be aquaint for puting the saids sermons in order for the forsaid # effect; as also that the forme and maner of the solemnitie be the inhabitants # of this burghe the said day for the forsaid effect, be siclyk put to # the press, and printit vpon the tounes charges, and that the samen be put in # good order therfor. [}17 AUGUST 1660.}] The said day, the counsell tacking to consideration that Mr # Andro Cant, one of the ministers of this burghe, haid this week # removit himselff, with his wyff, familie, goods, and geir, to the south, for # macking, as they wer informit, his residence ther, and that he haid left his # charge of the ministerie heir vacant, and haid not acquantit the counsell of # his removeall; as also considdering that being informit in respect of the said # Mr Andro his seeknes, weaknes, and old aige, he wes to remove, they haid # causit the baillies goe to him for knowing his intentione theranent, and # desyring him that he wold caus suplie his charge of the ministerie heir in # some good maner, so long as he suld be absent, and that he haid [\given\] # no satisfactioun theranent, but haid removit and left his charge vacand, as said # is, therfor they haue appointit, and does appoint, the said Mr # Andro Cant to be persewit befor the presbitrie with all convenient dilligence # in the ordinarie way, according to the rules of the Church of Scotland, for # being decernit to supplie his charge of the ministerie within this bruche by # himselff allon, or with the assistance and help of ane sufficient, able, # qualified

persone, or otherways the place to be declairit vacand: and the # counsell does commissionat and appoint Gilbert Gray and Alexander # Alexander, baillies, to goe about the prosecutione of the said mater befor # the presbitrie to the finall closur theroff. [}29 AUGUST 1660.}] The said day, the counsell, in consideratioun of the # unseasonable and tempestuous weather, appoints ane fast to be keepit within # this burghe be the haill inhabitants of this burghe, for begging ane # blessing to the ensueing harvest, upon the [^BLANK^] day of [^BLANK^] nixt, and # appointit the ministers to be acquaint therwith. [}12 SEPTEMBER 1660.}] The said day, the counsell taking to consideration that the # provest and baillies haid beine verie active in goeing about the vsing # all possible meanes for regaineing of James Vicount of Frendrat, who did # escape the Tolbuith and prisone of this brughe vpon the [^BLANK^] day of # [^BLANK^] last, and that they haid done exact dilligence theranent, in so far # as wes in ther power, as also that the said Vicount did mack his escape furth # at the dore of the said Tolbuith thorow the neglect of the officers then # keepers of the dores of the prisone, sua that his escape culd not be imput to # the magistrats, the Tolbuith being all round about clos in ewrie part theroff; # tharfor the counsell all in ane woce haue declarit, and does declair, the # provest and baillies, as magistrats for the tyme, frie of all and # whatsomeuer hazard and prejudice may follow vpon the said Vicount his escape, and # that the samen is not to be imput to them in any maner of way.

[}12 SEPTEMBER 1660.}] The said day, the counsell tacking to consideratioun that # the dasks within the churches of this brughe wer much takin wp and maid # wse of by certane women within the samen, and that certane inhabitants # who haid the libertie and priviledge of daskis for ther awne wses, did # bring ther wyffis with them to ther dasks, which wes not, nether hes bein # in tyme bygane the practice of this brughe, it being only practicable # within the samen that the men did posses and mack wse of the dasks, and # the women did sit wpon the floor or in the body of the churches in litle # handsome chaires, or such comodious seats as they fand expedient and wes # permissable be the counsell to be maid wse of; thairfor the counsell for # tacking away of the said abusse in tyme comeing, ordaines and appoints # that the wyffe or no inhabitant within this brughe or others whosomeuer, # posses, tack wp, or sit in any dask within the churches of this brughe # in tyme comeing, with certificatioune to any that sall contraveine the # premisses, being thrie tymes prohibit and forbiddin be the sacrister or # churchwarden, or be any others the counsell sall appoint, sall pay the sowme # of fyve punds money to the deane of gild for the wse of the toune, # (\toties quoties\), as they sall be fund to contraveine, efter admonitioun in maner # abovewrettin; and it is heirby declarit that this present act sall nowayes # haue effect, nor is not understood to be maid against the laidies of Earles, # Lordes, Barrones, and other honorable women, but it sall be lesome to them to # haue access to the dasks within the churches of this brughe als friely as # befor the macking heiroff. [}26 SEPTEMBER 1660.}] The said day, the provest, baillies, and counsell of the # burghe of Aberdeine, ... being convenit within the counsellhous ... as # wpone the ordinar day of electioun of the magistrats, counsell, and officemen, # for electing and chooseing of the new counsell of this burghe for the yeir # to come, ...

and the act of burrowes wnderwritten being producit and # publictly red in counsell, quheroff the tenour followes: At Edinburghe, the # fyftent day of September 1660 yeirs, the which day the Commissioners of # Burrowes now convenit haueing receavit ane leter derect to them from the # Lord Chancellar, which wes red, and efter serious consideratioun thereof they # thocht fitt the samen suld be recordit, wheroff the tenor followes: # Right Worthie, haueing hard of ane meiting of the burrows, and considdering of # how much importance it may be to his Majesties service that tymely # cair may be takin, that at ther nixt election of ther magistrats and # counsell in ther seuerall burghes, such only may be maid choose of as ar of # knovin fidelitie and loyaltie towards his Majestie, though I haue good reasone # to be confident that in thankfulnes of so great ane mercie which God # hes manifestit to ws all in the happie restauratione of our most # gracious Soverane, nane of yow will be wanting in that duety yow owe to # his sacred Majestie in your stationes, yit I conceave it to be my # duetie to put yow in mind of that which his Majestie doeth expect of your # affectione and zeall to his service, and which may be ane lasting evidence # of the Burrowes of Scotland ther loyaltie, and rubing of the many # reproaches that hes beine laid upon all this kingdome, occasionit by the # former practisses of a few disloyall persones who prosperit in ther # wickednes for ane tyme, and that they may be the easier discoverit and # renderit unworthie of any trust among loyall subjects; but as I noways # doubt of your good resolutiones in this, so I at this tyme sall give yow # no mor truble, but that this and all other purposes that may concerne # his Majesties service may be recomendit to your meiting, from your # affectionat freind and servand, Glencairne: In persewance wheroff the present # Commissioners finding themselues bund to indevor that no disaffected person # to his Majesties government be in any place or power in ther # respective corporations, did ordaine, and heirby ordaines, that in the # ensueing electione of magistrats, counsell, and all other offices within burghe, # no persone or persons who contryved or subscryvit the remonstrance or # associatiouns, or concurrit in the prosecutioun of any cours for promoveing # the ends

theroff, or ther determinatiouns since anno 1650, or any # otherways disaffectit to his Majesties government, or indevors by factioun or # seditioun to the disturbance of his Majesties peace, or desertit any # charge of his Majesties armes without ane lawfull warrand, that non such be # admittit to any place of magistracie, counsell, or any other office of # deacon within brughe; and ordaines this act to be speedilie comunicated to # ilk burghe, that non pretend ignorance, and ilk brughe to returne thair # dilligence to the nixt conventioun of burrows, wnder the paine of twentie # pundis, and this to be ane head of the nixt missive: The counsell, conforme # to the acts of parliament decret, arbitrall, and act of burrowes above # wretin, efter invocatioun of the name of God, procedit to the said electione. [}4 OCTOBER 1660.}] The said day, the counsell tacking to consideratioun that # Capitane Johne Strachan, ane of his Majesties attenders residenter at # London, culd be verie serviceable to this burghe, and that he haid promist # be his lettre so to be, ordanit the thesaurer to furnish or caus mack with # all convenient dilligence ane handsome cup of siluer, wechand tuentie fyve # unces, as also to furnish and caus mak wp tuo barrell of good and # sufficient salmond, the said cup and salmond to be sent to the said John in tokin # of the touns respect to him. [}31 OCTOBER 1660.}] The said day, the counsell appoints John Bennet, thesaurer, # to caus mack ane badge of silver to Alexr. Gray, post, indweller of # this brughe, with the tounes armes theron, for demonstrating him to be comon # post for this burghe, and that the said badge be of weght, # quantitie, and forme of the badge givin be the toune to George Godsman, post, and # what charges sall be deburst thereon, the samen to be allowit in the # thesaurers accompt.

[}25 FEBRUARY 1661.}] The said day, the counsell haveing informatione from Doctor # James Lesley, doctor of medicine, that it was signified to him from # Edinburgh by Capitane George Melvill, that it wes the desyr of ane noble # and potent Earle James Marques of Montrose, that that dismemberit part of # the bodie of the lait murtherit Marques of Montrose, his father, suld be # socht out of the place of the church of this burghe wher the samen wes # interrit efter it wes takin doune from of the pinacle wher it wes put up by # the enimies of the said Marques, and that the samen suld be takin vp and # preservit till order suld come for transporting the samen to the bodie; # and the magistrats and councell haveing givin order for the forsaid # effect, and report being maid to them that the said member wes fund out in # the place of the said church wher it had beine interrit, and being most # willing and desyrous to tack wp and preserue the same in the most decent # and convenient maner culd be gone about, have appointit, and does appoint, the inhabitants of this burghe to be warnit be beat of drum and # sound of trumpet for conveining this day about tuelff oclok, in ther # best armes and array, for accompanieing the magistrats and councell to the # church for tacking wp the said member; and that the samen be takin wp # and put in ane coffin, to be coverit with ane reid crimpsone velvet # cloth, and caried be Harie Grahame, son to the Laird of Morphye, from the # church doun the Braid streit to the touns publict house, accompanied # be the magistrats and counsell, and with the inhabitants of the toune going # befoir in armes to the touns publict hous with sound of trumpet and # beat of drum, ther to be keepit vnder custodie of the magistrats in the # hich counsell hous till such tyme as order suld be sent for transporting # theroff, and appoints the inhabitants to discharge ther guns and shoot # vollies at and about the mercat croce at ther comeing thervnto, and delyverie # of the said member to the magistrats.

[}6 MARCH 1661.}] The said day, anent the supplicatioun givin in to the # counsell be Alexander Andersone, lawfull sone to William Andersone, elder, # burges of Aberdein, schoweing that wher dureing his younger yeirs in # burghe it pleasit the Lord to wouchsafe vpon him some learneing in # reading and wreating, which thrie yeirs bygane he had employit in teaching # of young children in the country; and sieing that John Browne, ane of # their honors schooll masters, was to remove, therfor desyring that the # counsell wold grant him libertie to discharge the said dutie in this brughe, # promiseing to goe about the samen carefully and dilligently to the # contentment of all concernit, according to his abilitie, as in the # supplicatioun wes contanit. The counsell haveing hard the supplicatioun, grantit the # supplicants desyr dureing his good cariage and service in the said # imployment. [}17 APRIL 1661.}] The said day, the provest, baillies, and counsell, # understanding the tuentie thrid of this instant wes appointit be the Parliament # of England for our Soverane Lord the King his Maiesties coronatioun, and # receaving the crown of his kingdome of England; and considdering that it # was the duetie of all his Majesties subjects not onlie in that his # kingdome of England, but also thorow out all his other dominions, to testifie and # mack known to the world ther hearts rejoiceing and solemnitie for # that happie and so long wishit for day in the most solemne and publict # maner they wer able to doe the samen, and that it wes the duetie of this # brughe, as on of his Majesties royall burrows of this kingdome, to goe about # the same in alse solemne and magnificent ane way as possibly they wer able # to expres: thairfor the provest, baillies, and counsell ordaines and # appoints Master John Patersone, minister, and Mr John Mengzes, professor # of divinitie, to mack ane sermon of thanksgiving, the on in the # Old Church and the other in the New, the said day, and his Majesties loft # in the Old

Church to be all coverit and hung over with tapestrie in the # best forme, and that the haill inhabitants of this brughe be warnit at the # mercat croce, and throw the haill streits of the toune be sound of trumpet # and beat of drum, to assemble themselves and be in readines in their best # armes and abulzement at sewin oclok in the morneing at the church the # said day, for blissing God for his Majesties happie coronatioune, and # that the mercat croce of this brughe be all coverit and hung with tapestrie, # haveing vpon the top therof musicianars skilfull in singing and playing, and # ane long table to be set thereat, and all sorts of confections set # therone, and the magistrats and most worthie men of the toune to be set and # placit therabout, and that wyne be broucht to the croce in barrellis in great # abundance, and let out to all that pleases; and glasses to be brokin and # cassin; and the inhabitants come from church in order under armes, the # magistrats being befor all, singing and praising with such scriptural # psalms as the ministers sall appoint, and that the whole bells be rung the # haill day, and bonfyres put on, and the inhabitants, efter thair comeing from # the church as aforsaid, to draw vp in order at the croce, and give such # volies and shots as sall be appointit to them, and the trumpets and drums # to sound and beat as they sall be orderit, and that efter comeing from # the croce they spend the remanent of the day in shooting volies, and that # they vse all civill and godlie merriment becoming the work of the day; # and for the beter ordering the inhabitants in their armes, ordanit the # haill toun to be devydit in four companies according to ther respective # quarters, and each company to haue their owne capitane and other officers in maner # efter specifeit, viz., for the company of the Futtie quarter, Thomas # Melvill, lait dean of gild, to be capitane; Arthour Dalgardno, his # levtennent; and Mr Thomas Buck, sone of the deceast Thomas Buck, ensigne bearer. # (^Item^) , for the company of the Grein quarter, John Scott, lait dean of # gild, capitane; Alexr. Burnet, younger, levtennent; and Master Thomas Forbes, # sone to Robert Forbes, lait baillie, ensigne bearer. (^Item^) , for the # Cruikit quarter, William Cuthbert capitan; Walter Innes levtennent; and James # Robertsone, son to Alexr. Robertsone, bailly, ensigne bearer. (^Item^) , # for the Evin

quarter, [^BLANK^] capitane; [^BLANK^] levtennant; and Wm. Robertson, son to Charles Robertsone, # ensigne bearer; with power to the saids capitans to choose serjeands # whom they suld think expedient; and appointit the dean of gild to caus # the premisse be accordinglie observit, and what charges suld be debursit # therone the same to be allowit in his accompts. [}1 MAY 1661.}] The said day, anent the supplicatioun given in to the # counsell be James Schewane, burges of Aberdein, schewing that wher be # deceas of James Duncan, lait possessor of the hous and master of the # scooll in the Scoollhill belonging to their honours, the samen wes now vacand # and at your honours disposall, and sieing he wes ane burges of gild # and tounes barne, and hopit by the grace of God to be somewhat aible to # goe about the said duetie; thairfor desyring the counsell to tack his # present meane conditione to consideratione, and to admitt and receave him to # the said charge, and to grant him the benefite of the said scoollhous # for teaching young ons in reading and wreiting, promissing to doe faithfull # duetie thairin according to his abilitie, as in the supplicatioun wes # contanit: The counsell haveing hard and considderit the supplicatioune, and # being advysit therwith, gives and grants to the supplicant the # benefite of the scoollhous in the Scoolhill befoir injoyit be the said James # Duncan for teaching and instructing the young ones in reading and # wreiting, with power to him to imploy and mack wse of the said hous and scooll # for the said effect dureing his good service and the counsellis # pleasour. [}4 SEPTEMBER 1661.}] The said day, the counsell wpon the supplicatioun of Master # William Aidy, presentit to them, grants libertie and licence to him to # teach and instruct young scollers entering the colledg, or enterit befor, # in the Greek

toung, at such convenient hours and occasions as sall not be # prejudiciall to ther instructioun and attendance in the gramar scooll and # colledg, dureing the said Mr William his good service and the counsellis # pleasour, and the counsell continues ther ansuer to that part of his # supplicatioun anent his chamber maill to ther further consideration. [}16 OCTOBER 1661.}] The said day, the counsell ordains ane day of thanksgiveing # to be keipit within this burghe be the haill inhabitants theroff, the # [^BLANK^] day of October instant, in consideration of the good harvest, # and the ministers to be acquaint theranent. [} (\EODEM DIE.\) }] The said day, the counsell tacking to consideratioun that # Master James Gordoun, minister at Rothiemay, haid beine at great # paines in draughting wpone ane meikle cairt of paper, this burghe and # fredome and other pairts adjacent neir therto, which he haid this day # delyverit to the counsell weell done; tharfor in tokin of ther thankfulnes, # ordains the deane of gild to buy or caus mack ane silver peece or cup, # wechtand tuentie unces, and to buy ane silk hatt, and delyuer to the # said Mr James, with ane silk govn to his bedfellow, quheranent thir presentis # to be warrand. [}18 DECEMBER 1661.}] The said day, the counsell tacking to consideratioun that # ther wes many good and laudable acts and ordinances maid be ther # predicessors anent keeping secret the counsell of this brught much slichtit # and neglectit, and the counsell effairs much devulgit; tharfor ordanit and

appointit that in tyme comeing, whatsomeuer persone or persons # sall be fund to devulge any of the effairs of the counsell of this # brught, to be depryvit of ther fredome efter the first convictioun (\ipso # facto\) . [}8 FEBRUARY 1662.}] The said day, the counsell tacking to consideration that # the Inglish and reading scoollis within this burghe haid bein this # seuerall yeirs bygane much neglectit and abusit by the too many persons # who haid no abilitie ther haueing libertie to exerce the duetie # theroff, as also taking to consideratioun that laitly this burgh haid causit # John Gormak, ane able qualified man in reading and wreiting, come from # Edinburghe for discharge of the said imployment; thairfor to the effect # the scoollis may be beter regulat, and the youth instructit in tyme comeing, # ordaines and appoints to haue ane scooll for teaching young ons in # reading and wreting, and Robert Webster, who hes also the libertie of ane # scooll, to haue the scooll for teaching and instructing young ons in # reading and arithmetik, and John Moubray, to haue the libertie of ane # scooll for teaching and instructing young children of Futtie and in the # Castellgett, and discharges all other persons from haueing any Inglish scoollis # for reading, wreting, or arithmetik within this burgh, except such woman as # the counsall sall permitt for instructing young ons in the grounds # of reading. [}19 MARCH 1662.}] The said day, the counsell admitts Barbara Mollysone, relict # of the deceast Archibald Muschet, burges of Aberdein, and dauchter to # the deceast Mr Thomas Mollysone, sometyme toun clerk of the said # burgh, mistres for learneing of young ones in reading, wreting, and # seweing in the scooll foundit within this burgh be the Laidie Rothemay.

[}26 MARCH 1662.}] The said day, the counsell ordaines the magistrats to # delyuer to Robert Burnet, who is now goeing to Holland, the draucht and # stans of this brughe and fredome and others therin exprest, drawin wpon # paper with pen and ink be Mr James Gordone, minister at Rothemay, and # the said Robert to advyse in Holland what way and at what rate the # said draucht sall be most handsome and convenientlie done, and to # acquant the toune therwith. [}24 MAY 1662.}] The said day, the magistrats haueing signified to the # counsell that they had receavit ane leter from ther commissioners at # parliament, schewing that the Quens Majestie wes arryvit at Portsmouthe, and that # the burghe of Edinburghe haid already keepit ane day of rejoiceing # for her happie arryvell, and therfor thought it expedient that this # burghe to the effect they suld nocht be deficient in ther duetie, suld # speidilie set about their duetie in the lyk: The counsell haweing hard the said # leter, with the magistrats proposall forsaid, haue appointit, and does # appoint, the tounes inhabitants to be all convenit in arms at thrie hours # this day in the efternoone, by beat of drum, and that the croce be hung all # about, and wyne and confections broucht therto in great abundance, and # that the inhabitants discharge and give volies as they suld be # appointit by their seuerall commanders, and that bonfyres be set on thorow the # haill streits. [}29 MAY 1662.}] The said day, the counsell tacking to consideratioun that # notwithstanding of ane laudable practise of ther predicessors, that all # entering burgessis, als weill burgessis of gild as craftismen at the # tyme of ther

admissione, wer in wse to present befor the counsell ane # musket with bandeleir conforme, or ane pick, or the ordinar pryce # (^respective^) of the samen, for advancement of the commone magazine of this burghe, # by the last confusioun of the tymes the samen had been out of wse for # divers yeirs bygane; as also tacking to consideration that the touns haill # magazine wes plunderit and tackin away by the enemies and vsurpers: # thairfor ordaines and appoints that euerie burges of gild at the tyme of # admission, present befor the counsell ane sufficient musket with bandeleir # conforme, and that ewrie craftsman, the tyme of thair admission, present # ane sufficient pick, or then that they pey to the deane of gild the ordinar # pryce (^respective^) of the samen, to the effect the touns common # magazin may be againe provydit. [}15 AUGUST 1662.}] The said day, the counsell nominats and appoints Robert # Gray, secund laufull sone to the decest Mr Thomas Gray, sometyme # provest of Aberdein, bearer of the tounes standart and ensigne at ther # conventione and perambulatione of the utter land merches, to be riddin and # perambulat the [^BLANK^] day of this instant. [}15 OCTOBER 1662.}] The said day, the counsell appoints threten shilling four # pennies money to be given weekly out of the moneys belonging to the # sessione to William Brutchie ... and appoints the tuo litle housses under # the Gallowgait Port to be ane duelling hous to the said scurger dureing his # service. [}29 OCTOBER 1662.}] The said day, the counsell ordains the fyft of November # nixt to be keepit and observit within this brughe as ane day of solemne # thanksgiveing

to the Lord for preservatioun of his Majestie King James the # sext of happie memory from the gune powder treasone, and ordanes # bonfyres to be set on in the afternoone by the inhabitants. [}29 OCTOBER 1662.}] The said day, the counsell tacking to ther serious # consideratioun that it hath pleasit Almightie God to remove from this mortall # lyffe William Gray, present provest of this brughe, yesternight about seven # hours, and it being incumbent upon them, and the haill inhabitants of # this brughe, to confer upon him relateing to his buriall, all honor and due # respect in ther power, to the effect the samen may be decentlie gone # about, ordains the haill persons of counsell to be in mourneing for convoying # of the corps, and the haill bells in the toune to be rung and tollit in ane # mourneing sound befor, at, and efter, interring the corps; and alse # appoint the magistrats to caus conveine vnder comand of ane captaine ane hundreth and fiftie men of the inhabitants, to be in arms for convoying # the said corps, and that they discharge thrie tyms at interring the # corps. [}4 JANUARY 1663.}] The said day, forsamekle as Alexr. Charles, wright, burges # of Aberdein, being imployit be Thomas Mitchell and John Rosse, merchant # burgesses of Aberdein, to mack and set vp ane malt coble in ane barne # belonging to them within the Old Toun of Aberdein for ther proper wse, and he and his servants being about the said work within the # Old Toune, they wer wpon the [^BLANK^] day of [^BLANK^] last bypast, # interrupt and impedit thairin, and their workloumes takin from them by on # Robert Brown, in Old Aberdein, with certain others of the inhabitants # assisting him, assemblit in armes, haveing order from the baillies of the # said toune, wherewpon the said Thomas Mitchell and John Rosse, and the said # Alexander

Charles, and the provest and baillies of this burghe for thair # entres, finding the privileges of the burghe incroachit vpon and # violatit be the said Old Toune inhabitants and ther baillies, meanit themselues # to the Lords of Privy Counsell, and raised summonds against the said # Old Toune baillies therfor, and for the said ryot, wherwpon letters of # horneing and captioun haveing followit against them therin, it was earnestly # supplicatit and humbly desyrit by ane reverend father in God, Dauid, Bishop # of Aberdein, and by the baillies of the said Old Toune, Robert # Broune and others his associats, that the said mater might be amicablie # composit, and freinds for each partie micht be chosin for that effect; and # for beter effectuating, therof, did nominat Thomas Gordoun, shireff depute of Aberdein, and Mr Androw Moor, professor of medicine in the King's # Colledge, their freinds and amicable compositors, wherwpon the magistrats and # counsell being willing to settle freindlie with the said Old Toune for # the said ryot, nowayes questioneing their vndoubted privileges, haue # condiscendit to the said reverend father in God, and the said Old Toune their # desyre, and for their part nominats and appoints ane reverend father in God, # John bishop of Rosse, and Doctor James Leslie, principall of the New # Colledge of Aberdein, freinds and amicable compositors for them in the said # mater in so far as might concerne the said ryot and wrong done be the # said Robert Broune, and be the saids baillies ordering them, with full # power to them to meit with the freinds nominat be the said Old Toune, and to # determine therin according as they sall find expedient, and ordaines ane # submission to be drawin wp, and extendit theranent in the maner and for # the forsaid effect, to be subscriuit be all parties haueing entres, # promissing to stand and abyd at what they suld determine theranent. [}18 FEBRUARY 1663.}] The said day, the counsell tacking to consideratioun the # great paines Master James Gordone, minister at Rothemay, hes beine at in # drawing

the draucht of this brughe and teritories therof, by way of # card, with the discriptioun theroff, which now is perfittit and closit, # ordaines tuentie punds sterlin of gold to be givin to him for his forsaids # paines, and ordaines Gilbert Divy, master of mortificatiouns, to goe to # Rothemay and delyver the samen to him, and to receave the discriptioun which # is yit in his hands. [}18 MARCH 1663.}] The said day, the counsell appoints Thomas Mitchell, deane # of gild, to pay to John Forbes, stationer, the sowme of ane hundreth # merks Scotts money for his paines in printing certane musicall songs dedicat # to the counsell. [}10 JUNE 1663.}] The said day, the counsell tacking to consideratione that Mr # John Forbes, professor of humanitie, wes electit master of gramar # scooll of this burgh, and haid acceptit the said charge, and being desyrous # and willing that the said Mr John suld haue ane competent provisione of # mantenance, grants to the said Master John yeirlie the soume of two # hundreth pundisScotts money, to be payit be equall portions at Witsonday # and Mertimes, beginand the first terms payment at Mertimes nixt to come, # togidder with the hous and yard possest be Mr Alexander Straquhan, last # master, or the soume of [^BLANK^] for mailling ane hous within this burgh to the said Mr John in his optione, and ordains ane contract to be # extendit thervpon (\ad vitam vel ad culpam\) , with conditiones # containit in the former contract past betuixt the toune and the said Mr Alexander # Straquhan, beareing also speciall conditioun that each partie sall haue # libertie to quyt others at Lambes 1666 yeirs.

[}24 JUNE 1663.}] The said day, the counsell ordains the deane of gild to pay # to John Elsmer, ane distrest preacher in Polland, laitly come to this # brught, the sowme of two hundreth merks Scotts money for his supplie. [}16 DECEMBER 1663.}] The said day, the counsell [\ordains\] Mr George Keith, Wm. # Neper, skipper, and William Stuart, thrie traffiquying Quakers, to be # conveyit out of the toune be the officers, with certificatione if they # returne therto, againe to be conveyit be the hangman and punishit in thair # bodies as the counsell sall find expedient, and ordains that no inhabitant # within this brugh recept any of the forsaids persons or any such persons, # in their houssis or families, or permitt any of thair meetings or # conventicles therin, with certification to any that salbe fund to contraveine, that # the master of the familie knowin to the said transgressions and # countenanceing the samen sall pay to the deane of gild for ilk transgression in # recepting as aforsaid, the particular fyns efter following, viz.: Ilk burges # of gild thrie scor punds, ilk tradsman thretie punds, and ilk person of the # meiner sort ten punds; and for ilk transgression anent meitings or # conventicles, the sowme of fyve hundreth merks, (\toties quoties\) , as they sall # be fund to contraveine, the master of the familie always haveing knowledge of any such meiting or conventione and accessarie therto, and ordains # Alexr. Gelly to be convenit, and the acts of parliament and councell theranent # intimat to him, and he desyrit to give obedience therto, vnder # certificatione therin specifeit. [}18 JANUARY 1664.}] The said day, the counsell takeing to consideratione that # ther predecessors, by former acts for the good and preservatione of this burghe, had appoynted and ordanit that no merchand within this burgh # should

haue any more pouder in ther booth but tuo pund weicht for the # tyme, haue ratefied and approvine the said former act in the tenor # and contents theroff abovewritten, and now as then ordaines that no merchand # within this burgh, especiallie in the narrow wynds or narrow parts of # the street, or wnder the Tolbuith, sall haue at on tyme more puder in ther # booth bot at most two punds weicht, under paine of fourtie pund Scotis # money to be payit to the dean of gild; and furder, ordaines that no puder # be sold in any booth within this burgh wnder night with candle light, # wnder paine of ane hundereth pund, to be payit be ilk persone # contraveinand, and ordaines publicatione to be maid heirof by the drum through the # haill streets of the toun, that non pretand ignorance. [}2 MARCH 1664.}] The said day, the counsell taking to consideratione that # notwithstanding this burgh was ane of the most antient royall burghes of this kingdome, the mercat croce therof, which should be ane ornament # therin, was farr inferior to many meaner burghes; therfor ordaines the # deane of gild to cause make wp the mercat croce of the said burgh in the # west end of the Castlegait, with hewin and cut stones, according to the # stanse and forme of the mercat croce of the burgh of Edinburgh, and to # cause bring home cut stones, and to do euerie thing requisite theranent. [}23 MARCH 1664.}] The said day, the counsell haveing informatione from his # Maiesties Privie Counsell that the plague of pestilence was rageing in # Holland, and withall ordering them to be cairfull that no shippes or goods # arryued from thence at this port without dew tryall, ordaines to the effect # this burght may be furder secureit and his Majesties counsell ther ordour # observit, ane nightlie watch to be set at the Blockhous for taking notice of # all shippes from Holland coming to this burghe.

[}23 MARCH 1664.}] The said day, the counsell for good considerationes moveing # them, and to the effect the tounes magazine may be againe made wp, # ordanes that all persones craveing the libertie of freemen, before they # may be admittit therto, present in the high counsell hous of this # burgh the particular armour following, viz.: Ilk entring burges of gild, ane # sufficient muskett and bandileir, or ten pund therfor; and ilk entring # tradsman, ane sufficient pick, or four pund therfor, and no admissione of # them to be while the samen be done. [} (\EODEM DIE.\) }] The said day, the counsell wnderstanding that the Earle of # Marr and certaine wther noblemen and freeholders wpon the watter of Done # ware with their associats convenit in armes, being about tuo # thousand fyve hundereth men, horse and foott, at Kintor or Halforrest, for # breacking downe the croves laitlie buildit and renewed vpon the water of # Done, wherof this burghe was superior; therfor, to the effect # accommodatione may be theranent, and the townes priviledges preserved, # ordaines Gilbert Gray, provest, Mr Alexr. Davidson, advocat, with the clerk, to # goe to Kintor, or the forrest, wher the said conventione is, and to # offer to them all reasonable satisfactione of any supposed wrong in the said # croves, if any sall be found, and to desyr that they wold not incroch wpon the # townes priviledges, whervnto if they refuse to obtemper, to protest # and take instruments wpon what lose or prejudice may follow vpon their # illegal procedour and convocatione as aforsaid. [}6 APRIL 1664.}] The said day, the counsell grants libertie to Allexander # Thomsone, pyper, to goe throug the towne with his pype at such tymes as # the

drummer goes with his drum, and that during the counsells # pleasur, for which service he is to have such payment as wthers in the lyke # imployment had before. [}8 JUNE 1664.}] The said day, the counsell takeing to consideratione that # the Earle of Marr with certaine wther noblemen and heritors wpone the water # of Done, being convocat in armes about tuo thousand and fyve hundreth # men, horse and foott, had come doune vpon Thursday last, the tuentie saxt # day of this instant, and haveing brockin doune the croves vpon the watter # of Done, belonging to severall inhabitants of this burgh, and the # counsell for securitie of the burgh haveing appoyntit the inhabitants to be # in armes within the toun for defence thereof in cace of any invasione # through the said convocatione, many did absent themselues, and wthers did # remove being once convenit; therefore ordaines all persones absent or # removeing as aforesaid, to be convenit, and being convict, to be amerceit # in the soume of fyve punds Scots money, ilk ane without exemptione to # any, except vpon the account of sickness, or prior absence furth of the # toune. [}15 JUNE 1664.}] The said day, the counsell ordaines Alexr. Baillie thair # commissioner, to signifie to the meeting of burrowes at Edinburgh, that the # Earle of Marr, and certaine wther noblemen and freeholders wpon the water of # Done, with ther associats and attenders had laitlie convocat in armes # about tuo thousand and fyve hundereth men, horss and foott, and had come # doune and violentlie brockin doune the croves vpon the water of Done # belonging to the said burgh, and thereby incroched vpon the tounes # privileges and liberties, they being superiors of the saids croves, and # judges commissionat for cognosceing vpon and rectifieing of any abuses therein, and to desyre the burrowes ther assistance by money and moyen, for # repeiratione of the said wrong, as being ane publict concernment.

[}14 SEPTEMBER 1664.}] The said day the heritors of the cruves fishing, wpon the # water of Done, haveing held out to the counsell that they ware # wrongouslie troubled and molestit befor the Lords be the noblemen, # barrones, and gentlemen, wpon the water of Done, in ther heretable legall # rights and possessiones of the said croves, and therefor desyreing the # counsell as their superiors to manteine and assist them in ther just rights # and possessiones; the counsell haveing considderit the premisses, ordaines the heritours of the saids croves to be maintenit and assistit in # thair said just and legall rights, and possessiones of the said croves, in # quhatsumever actione may be intentit against them theranent; and ordaines # ane letter to be wryt to baillie Alexr. their commissioner at Edinburgh, # for imploying the touns advocats and agents for that effect. [} (\EODEM DIE.\) }] The said day, the provest presentit to the counsell ane # letter from the Lords of his Maiesties Privie Counsell, daitit at Edinburgh the # secund day of this instant monethe, for the affect after specifeit, which # being read in counsell, the tenour thereof is as follows: Loveing friends, # in obedience to the Kings order sent to ws for seising on all Dutch # veshellis within any harbors within this kingdome, we requyre yow immediately # vpon sight heirof, that ye seise upon all and ewerie Dutch veshellis # lyand within your ports and harbors, and that yow take thair ruthers # and saills from them till furder ordor, whereof we expect ane speedie # accompt from yow: Lykwayes his Maiestie is gracouslie pleased in ordor to # your saffitie and preservatione from hazard, to ordane intimatione # to be gevin to all whom it may concerne, not to send out any shipes till # convoyes be provydit, whereoff we thocht fitt to giue yow notice and # tymeous warning, and prevent any prejudice you may suffer. By Dutch veshellis # yow are to wnderstand onlie veshellis belonging to the Vnited # provinces. We rest

your loveing friends, (\sic subscribitur\) . [^A LIST OF NAMES # OMITTED^] Direct thus For the provest and baillies of Aberdein. In obedience to the which order, the magistrats and counsell # haveing instentlie causit make search at the port and harbor, fand no shippes within the samen at present belonging to the states of the Vnited # provinces, and appoynted speedie returne to be giuen therof to his Maiesties # counsell, which was accordinglie done. [}23 NOVEMBER 1664.}] The said day, the counsell takeing to consideration that # Wm. Forbes, present doctor of the musick schooll of this burgh, had thir # severall yeirs bygane done good service in the said schooll for instructione # of the inhabitants children of this burgh and wthers, as he had occasion, to the contentment of the counsell and wthers interestit, and that not # withstanding therof, Thomas Davidsone, present maister of the said schooll, # did wrongouslie alledge that the said William Forbes was not his # doctor, but that he had power and libertie to place ane doctor at his # pleasure, and theropon did not grant to the said William such libertie and # freedome in the said schooll for going about his charge as doctor as he # desyreit and aught to have had, have therfor declairit and ordanit, and be # thir presents ordaines and declaires the said William Forbes to be doctor of # the musick schoole of this burgh, during his good service and the # counsells pleasour, with power to him to intromett with and receave the # ordinarie deus and schoollage as doctor aforsaid, and to teach and # instruct the schollars and children of this burgh in the said schooll in # playing and singing, and to doe euerie wther thing relateing to his charge # and abilitie as doctor, both high and laich in the said schooll, alse weell # the master being present as absent, as the said schollares of the said # schooll stand in neid, and as may haue occation, whereanent this present to # haue sufficient warrand.

[}21 DECEMBER 1664.}] The said day, the counsell tacking to consideratioun that # ther predicessors for good considderatiouns moveing them, by ther act had # appoynted that no inhabitant within this burgh [\of\] whatsumever # qualitie, rank or degree, should invite at any tyme any more persones to # be witnesses to any of ther bairnes bot four men, and four weemen at most, # and sex weemen to be imployit to convoy the bairne to and from the # kirk wnder the payne of fourtie punds Scots, to be payed be ilk # persone contraveining, and yet notwithstanding, the said act was much contravenit and abuseit to the prejudice of good ordor, and of many honest # families and householders, in ther meanes, bodies and goods, therefore the # counsell, in consideratione whereof have ratified and aproven the said # former act ... with certificatione to any who sall contraveine the premisses # that they sall pay to the deane of gild of the burgh the soume of fourtie # punds, (\toties quoties\) ... and ordaines this act to be intimat from pulpit # in both kirks, to the effect non pretend ignorance, which was accordinglie # done. [} (\EODEM DIE. \) }] The said day, the counsell taking to consideratione that the # pewes in the midle part of the old kirk was much abuseit and takine wp # be servant women and wthers who had no right therto: therfor ordaines that # no servant women sall enter within the tirlies or baras dores of # the saids pewes, and that no inhabitants wyfe bring in her servant within # the saids baras dores, with certificatione to all and everie on that sall # contraveine, they sall pay to the deane of gild furtie shilling Scots, # (\toties quoties\) ... and also that no bairnes nor young children be brought to the # kirk till they be capable to hear the Word and attend the ordinances; and # ordaines this act to be intimat from pulpit, which was accordinglie # done.

[}22 FEBRUARY 1665.}] The said day, the counsell vnderstanding that not onlie # this coast, but also this burgh and harbour, through his Majesties ingadgment # of warr with Holland, might possiblie be invadeit and molestit be the # Hollanders; therefor, for better securitie thairanent, ordaines the deane # of gild to causs repaire the blockhous, and put the samen in such good ordour as # sall be found expedient, and that he borrow vpon hand from the owners # of Johne Annand's shippe the four guns thairin, and cause put the samen # wpon the blockhous, and ordanes the drum to goe through the toune # for warneing the haill inhabitants to be in readines with sufficient armes # vpon the first call and advertisment. [}8 MARCH 1665.}] The said day, the counsell appoynts George Melvill, with # Arthur Dalgardno, and Walter Innes, to receave at this burgh such number of # seamen as ar heir secureit and provydit be the magistrats, and to # convoy the samen to Edinburgh, and ther to receave from baillie # Alexander, the tounes commissioner, alse money as sall make wp (the samen # before haueing beine secureit thair be him) the number of fourtein as # this burghs proportione imposit for his Maiesties present service at sea, # and to delyuer the said haill number to his Maiesties commiossioner, his # grace, or others appoyntit for recept thereof, conforme to the instructiones to # be given to them theranent be the magistrats; and that they receive # sufficient discharges thereon, and to bring the samen with them; and ordanes the thesaurer or dein of gild to advance such moneyes as sall be # neidfull for defraying of thair charges.

[}15 MARCH 1665.}] The said day, the counsell in respect they ware with all # dilligence to imploy the correctione housse for the wse they ware appoyntit, # and to erect and sett vp ane manufactorie therin, ordaines the master # of mortificationes not to sett any part of the samen to any tennent for this # present yeir. [} (\EODEM DIE. \) }] The said day, the counsell takeing to consideratione, that # ther being fourteine sea men imposit vpone this burgh, as their # proportione for his Maiesties present service at sea, and that they ware appoyntit # to be sent ouer and delyverit at Edinburgh to his Maiesties commissioner, # before the fyfteint day of this instant, and notwithstanding the # magistrats and counsell had wseit all the effectual meines they could, for # procureing the said number, and had offerit the best incouradgements they # could to any who wold undertake the said service, yet many of the most able # seamen within this burgh had deserted and left the toune, and absentit # themselves from wndertaking the said service, wher through the counsell # had bene at much charges and dificultie in furnishing thair said # proportione, and these who had removed and absented themselves, did what they # could to indanger the toune in the sume of fyue hundreyth merkes for ilk # man not made up; lykas in consideratione of all which, the counsell did # before, cause issue out proclamatione desyreing all seamen within and # belonging to this burgh who had deserted the toune and absented # themselves as aforesaid, to make their appeirance before the magistrats # before Fryday last at ten houres in the foirnoone, with certificatioun that # all not appeiring they and their wyves should be depryued of all benefite and # libertie of brewing within this burgh, and of the wther liberteis and # immunities they had before, and their names to be given to his Maiestie as # fugitives and disloyal persones, and affixed wpon the croce as runeawayes; # and with

all finding that non of the persones who did absent themselves # had given appeirance, whairby they had incurrit the certification of ther # former proclamation, which the counsell finds sua to be, and ordaines the samen to be observed in euerie poynt as is aboue written, with # conditione alwayes that if they sall betwixt and the nixt counsall day present # themselves to the magistrats, and find sufficient cautione, ilk one wnder the # payne of fyve hundreth merks, that they sall appear when soeuer callit, and # alse sall pay all and whatsomeuer charges the toune has beine at in # furnishing ther said proportione, that then they sall incure no furder prejudice; # and with all ordanes the dean of gild to cause sease vpon the brew loomes # belonging to ilk one of the persones sua absenting themselues, ay and # while the premisses be observed. [}22 MARCH 1665.}] The said day, the provest producit before the counsell, the # lords of secreit councell thair warrand and ordour for puting this burgh # in ane defensive postur, wherof the tenour followes: Wheras the # magistrats of the burgh of Aberdein, wpon thair apprehensione of danger by # the Dutch, did petition the Privie Counsell for a libertie to put # themselves in ane posture of defence by buying of cannon, armes, and amounitione, # wher they can be convenentlie furnished, the said toune being at present # obnoxious to the violence and malice of the Hollanders; and the Privie # Councell haweing remitted the bussines to me, and finding their desyre most # reasonable, thase are therfor to give full power and libertie to the # magistrats of Aberdein, to furnish themselves wpon the cost of the said # toune, with all sorts of armes and amunitione fitt for that purpose of # defending their toune, blockhous, and harbour mouth, and to put the inhabitants # of the said toune wnder command of officers, that so there may be # ordour among them when they sall be put to it; and for your so doeing this # sall be ane sufficient warrand. Given wnder my hand, day and place forsaid, # (\sic subscribitur \) , Rothes; daitit at Holiroudhous the sixteint day of March 1665,

conforme whervnto the counsell ordaines the samen to be # observed in sua far as is possible for them, and that the blockhouse be # repaired, and the inhabitants causit provyde themselues with swords and musketts # wnder payne of deprivatione, and the baillies to goe throw the # severall quarters for taking notice of all haveing or wanting armes, and that the # toune with all [\diligence\] be convenit for the effect the premisses # may be intimat to them. [}29 MARCH 1665.}] The said day, the councell appoynts the baillies of the four # severall quarters to goe before and march wpon the heid of ther # quarters, with the captaines to be afternamed to be wnder them for each quarter, # and nominatis and appoyntis the severall captaines and ensigne bearers # wnderwritten for the severall quarters, wnder the magistrats, viz., for # Futtie quarter, Thomas Mercer, lait dean of gild, captain, and Robert Gray, # ensigne; for the Grene quarter, Francis Andersone, captane, Mr Thomas Forbes, # ensigne; for the Crucked quarter, Arthur Dulgardno, captaine, James # Robertsone, ensigne; for the Evin quarter, Walter Innes, in absence of # George Melvill, captaine, and John Hay, ensigne; and remits to the magistrats # and captaines above named to choise and appoynt lievtennents wnder them as # they sall find expedient, and Alexander Bruce to be lievtennent of the # Grein quarter in absence of Alexr. Burnet Buchanes; and in respect the feires # of the Hollanders invasione did daylie encrease, ordaines as before # that the haill inhabitants be in readines with sufficient armour, and that non # be exemptit from personall appearance whensoever requyrit, except the old # baillies and magistrats and phisitians, who are to be assisting in advyce to # the magistrats and counsell in what may concerne the militarie part. [} (\EODEM DIE.\) }] The said day, the councell finding that James Fuird, towne # serjand, wes convict of disobedience to the provest and baillies, in sua # far as he

being desyred to take into his hous for ane short tyme ane # poore man named Alexr. Donald, who being comeing throw the wall of the # Tolbuith by ane holl which he and wthers did make therin, had brockine # his back and on of his legs, he denyed to doe the samen, no not altho he # should losse his coat; therfor, and alse finding the said James to be # cairles and negligent in his office, haue depryvit, and be thir presents # depryues him of his office of serjandrie within this burgh, and of all # benefite and comoditie therof, and ordaines his coat to be instantlie takin from him, # which was accordinglie done. [}12 APRIL 1665.}] The said day, the said George Melvill, with the wther # persones appoynted for delyverie of the tounes proportione of seamen to # his Maiesties commissioner at Edinburgh for his Maiesties service, # haveing returned, made report of the said commission, and produceit # discharge of the fourtein seamen furnished be this burgh as ther proportion # for the forsaid effect, which report and discharge the counsell haveing # hard, approved therof, and rendered the said George hartie thanks. [} (\EODEM DIE.\) }] The said day, the councell taking to consideratione that # Johne Beg and Johne Gawin, to seamen who did wndertake for the toune to # goe on in his Maiesties service had made escape, ordaines them to be # apprehendit, and imprisoned ay and whill they find sovertie wnder payne of # fyue hundreth merks ilk ane, to compeir before the magistrats # whensoever they sall be callit; and in the meanetyme depryves them of all # freedom and libertie of brewing within this burgh; and also the # councell ratifies and approves ane former act maid be thame of the dait the # fyftent day of March last, anent seamen absenting themselves, in respect # notwithstanding proclamationes conforme thairto, they did not giue appearance.

[}19 APRIL 1665.}] The said day, the counsell haveing appoynted for better # preservatione of the burgh that ane watch should be keeped nightlie at the # Blockhouse for fear of the Hollanders invasione, and finding that the # number appoynted nightlie did not attend nor convein, ordaines ilk ane absent, # being able, to pay fywe pund for ilk tyme, and such as are found absent # wnable, to be tyed neck and heells before the guard be the tounes servands. [}31 MAY 1665.}] The said day, anent the supplicatione given in to the # councell be the deacone and hamermen trade of this burgh, desyring that they # might have libertie grantit to them to hang wp befor and above the foir # part of ther loft in the Old Church, ane bracine hearse, which wold not # onlie tend for ther accomodatione but also for decorment of the church, and # therfor desyring the councell to come and take inspectione of the premisses for # the foirsaid effect, as in the supplicatione wes contenit: The # councell haveing come to the said church and takine inspectione of the # supplicants desyre, and being advysed therwith, have giuen and grantit, and be thir # presents giues and grantis libertie to them to put wp and hang the said # hearse abowe and before the foir part of ther said loft for ther # better accomodatione. [}21 JUNE 1665.}] The said day, the councell haveing receaved suir # informatione of the happie and much desired victorie of his Majesties navie against # the Hollanders, and of the wonderfull preservatione of his Highnes the Duke of York, to the effect they may as in deutie bund testifie thair # joy therfor, ordaines the haill bells of the toune to be rung for ane # considerable tyme in the most joyfull maner that can be, and that bonfyres be # sett doune throw the streetts of the toune.

[}5 JULY 1665.}] The said day, the councell haveing receaved the Lords of his # Maiesties Privie Counsell ther ordour and warrand appoynting ane day of # thanksgiving to be keeped and solemnized throughout the kingdome wpon the thritenit day of this instant, being Thursday, for the happie # victorie of his Majesties navie against the Hollanders, and wonderfull # preservatione of his Highnes the Duke of Yorke; therfor to the effect this burgh # may not be deficient in such ane so much desyred work, bot may testifie # ther thankfulnes therfor with wther his Maiesties subjects and # royall burghs, ordaines sermones suitable to the day to be made in both kirks # of the said burgh be the ministers therof in the foir and after noones, and # therafter that bonefyres be put on throw the haill streets of the toune, # and the rest of the day to be spent as becomes.

[}26 JANUARY 1670.}] Francis Irvine, brother german to the Laird Drum, against # whom by ane former act sumonds is ordanit to be raisit befor the Lords # of Privie Counsell for the reasones therin exprest, did vpon the morrow # after comitting of that abuss goe south, notwithstanding of the counsellis # favor in being willing of ane freindlie setlement, and raised sumonds # against the magistrats, wharethrow they ware necessitat to insist against # him for legall reparatione, and both parties appeiring before the saids # Lords the magistrats obtainit decreit before them against the said # Francis Irvine which is as followes:

Att Edinburgh the elevinth day of November, j=m= vi=ce= # thriescoire nyne yeirs, anent our Soveraigne Lords letters raisit at the # instance of Mr Robert Patrie of Portlethin, provest of Aberdeine, Alexr. # Alexander, Gilbert Mollesone, Johne Duncan, and Walter Robertsone, baillies of the # said brughe, for themselues and in name of the counsell and # communitie therof, makand mentione, that wher albeit be the lawes and acts of # parliement of this realme, the injureine and abuseing of any persone, but # especiallie the affronting and injureing of magistrats in office, be a cryme of # a high nature, and sevirlie punishable; nevertheles it is of veritie # that Francis Irvine, brother german to the laird of Drum, haveing designed # to put ane publict affront and disgrace vpon the magistratis of the said # brughe, being the tuentie sevint day of September last bypast, betwixt sevin # and aught o'cloake at night within the brughe of Aberdein, in the # house of Thomas Lumsden, burges, wher Walter Robertsone, one of the # baillies, were present about thair lunchfull affaires; he, without the # least offence or provocatione given to him, fell out in the most disdainfull # and reproachfull speeches and expressiones against the magistrats of the said # brughe of Aberdein, boasting that he would cause his footman take of the # provests hat of his head at the crose, and cause him kik him in the erse # with his foott, and called the said Walter Robertsone, baillie, with # whom he wes in company, ane base villan and raskell, and said to him that # in testimonie he wold cause doe to the provest as he said he wold cause the # baillies hat ly amongst his feet; lykeas he instantlie pulled of the # baillies hat and threw the same to the ground, and agane called him base # raskell, and lousie knaue, and the said baillie takeing wp his hatt and # puting the same on his head, he did agane take the same of and threw it # against the wall, and on of the company desyreing Francis to be more civill # to a magistrat of the brugh, he layed hold on his sword to haue # drawin the same, but being impedit, drew a whingher and persewed the # baillie thairwith for his lyfe, and had not failzied to haue done greater # mischeiff if he had not bein hindred, and the said baillie haveing in a sober # maner in his Maiesties name as ane magistrat and justice of peace, desyred # the said

Francis Irving to behaue himselfe more civillie, he said he # wold pish vpon the justices and all the magistrats of Aberdein, wtering many # wther disdainfull and base expressiones, wherby the said Francis Irvine is # guiltie of ane oppin and manifest ryot, comitted be him in high and # proud contempt of his Maiesties authoritie and lawes, and ought therfor to be exemplorlie punished in his persone and goods, to the terror of # others to comitt and doe the lyke in time comeing; and anent the charge # given to the said Francis Irvine, to haue compeared personallie to haue # answered to the forsaid complaint, and to haue heard and seen such # ordour takine theranent as apperteinit, vnder the payne of rebellione, &c., # as the saids letters, executiones, and indorsationes therof, at lenth # proport, whilks being callit and both parties compeirand personallie, the Lords of # his Maiesties Privie Counsell haueing hard and considderit the forsaid # complaint, and ansuers maid therto, togither with the depositiones of severall # famous witnesses, led and adduced be the persewers for proveing of the # said complaint, doe find the forsaid lybell sufficientlie provin to infer a # ryot against the said Francis Irvine, and therfor decernes and ordaines him # to crave pardon at the barr of the said provest of Aberdein, and these # of the magistrats of the said brughe that are present, for the wrong and offence # done to them by him; lykeas in obedience therto the said Francis # Irvine did accordinglie craue them pardone; and furder the said lords # ordaines the defender to be caried prisoner to the tolbooth of Edinburgh, # ther to remayne this night, and ay and whill he sall be released by warrand of # the lord commissioner his grace, and find cautione vnder payne of # fyue thousand merkes, that he and his tuo servandis, and all wther his # mentennentis and servantis sall keepe the peace, and sall not harme the # magistrats, and inhabitants of Aberdein; as alse the said Lords modifies fyue # rix dollouris to be payit be the said Francis Irvine to ilk ane of the # witnesses cited and deponeing in the mutual complaints perseued be ather # parties, lykeas Alexr. Alexander, baillie of Aberdein, having produceit # discharges for fyue of the witnesses, did receaue up their expenssis for thair # behove. Extract by me, (\Sic subscribitur\) , Thomas Hay.

[}16 FEBRUARY 1670.}] The said day, the counsell takeing to considderatione that # notwithstanding of acts of parliament, and of the Lords of his Majesties Privie Councell, and of the acts of councell of this brughe groundit # therupon, ordaneing that no inhabitant within the same sould recept, supplie, # intertaine, or furnish meat or drink to, or keepe correspondence with, or # sett houssis or chambers to jesuits, preists, or trafficquing # strangers, papists or quakers, vnder payne of fyve hundereth merkes Scots money, # by and attour wther censure and punishment to be inflictit vpon them # according to thair severall qualities and degrees, vpon the first legall # convictione theranent; and that no papist or quaker resideing within this # brughe, or wther inhabitant within the same, sould recept in thair # houssis, ludge or intertaine any papist or quaker, or any persone suspect of # ather of the same, till first they did acquaint the magistrats therwith, and # had thair libertie and varrand therfor, vnder the penalty and # certificatione exprest in the said act, as the same duelie proclameit thorrow the # toune beares; and albeit the saids provest, baillies, and councell did, # according to the said act, and grounds of the same aforsaid, expect some due # observance from all concerneit theranent, nevertheles it is found that the # same is much contemnit and neglectit, and that papists and quakers are # resett and intertanit, and have their frequent meetings and conventicles # within this brughe, to the great contempt of authoritie and scandall of the # gospell, and of all trew Christians within this brughe; therfor for # further evidencing the magistrats and counsell of the same ther willingnes to # reclame all within thair boundis who are obstinat and disobedient to # the just and good government and lawes of this kingdome, and acts of # counsell of this brughe foundit thervpon, and if otherwayes that they may be the # more inexcusable, therfor ordanit and appoyntit that no inhabitant # within this brughe resett, supplie, intertaine, or furnish meat and drink, # and keepe correspondence with, or sett houssis, or chambers, to jesuists, # priests, or traffiquing strangers, papists, or quakers, or permitt them to # keepe meetings

or conventicles within thair houssis vpon whatsumever pretext, # vnder payne of fyve hundereth merkes money, by and attour # deprivatione of thair freedomes, and if vnfree, of being removeit out of the # toune after lawfull convictione; and alse that no papist, or quaker, or wther # inhabitant whatsumever, resett or ludge in thair housses any such persons, # or any suspect theranent, till first they acquant the magistrats, and # giue wp ther names nightlie, and as occasione offeris, and obtaine thair # libertie for that effect, with certificatione that the persone contraveining sall # pay three pund to the dean of gild, alse oft as found guiltie, and # ordaines this present act to be intimat throw the toune by the drum, which was # accordinglie done. [}16 FEBRUARY 1670.}] The said day, the counsell considering that ther wer # severall defunct persons put in the chapill wpon the Castlehill, and in the Gray # Freir Kirk, brought from the countrie and keepit ther for ane nights tyme, # which did tend greatlie to the accomodatione of them that ware concerneit # in the said defunct persons, and the toune nowayes benefited therby; # therfor ordaines that the relationes of any defunct persons, or who desyres the # said libertie for them, sall pey for the said libertie, aither in # the chappill or Gray Freir Kirk, ten merkes Scots money, without any exceptione of # the defunct persons, which is to be imployed for wpholding of the said # chappill and Gray Freir Kirk, in sua far as the same may extend, and to be # addit to the respective charges. [}23 FEBRUARY 1670.}] The said day, the councell takeing to considertione that # the dyet appoyntit be the programe formerlie issued out for planting the # place of principall master of gramer scooll of this brughe, wes Tuesday # nixt the first of March, and that by the mortificatione of the deceist # Patrick Dune, doctor of medicine, relateing thervnto, the tryall of the # qualificatione of the haill maisters of the said scooll, wes committit to tuo of # the ministers

of the said brughe, to be nominat be the councell, and to the # principall and four regentis within the new colledge in the same, who # being solemnlie sworne in presence of the councell, sould testifie the # presentit, ane or mae, to be worthie and sufficientlie learnit and qualified for # such ane place; therfor the councell nominat Mr John Menzies, professor of # divinitie, and Mr David Lyell ane of the ministers of this burghe, with the # said principall and regentis, to try the qualificatione of the persons that # sall compet for the place of the principall master of the said scooll, and # recomends to the councell to conveine the said day, and they to be acquant # tymouslie for the effect aboue written. [}1 MARCH 1670.}] The said day, anent the petitione given in to the counsell # and the other patrons of the mortificatione of the deceist Mr Patrick # Dune, doctor of medicine, to the gramar scooll of this burghe, be Mr Johne # Lyell, sone to [^BLANK^] Lyell, ane of the subtennants of the lands of # Ferriehill, showing that wher by the said mortificatione it wes speciallie # provydit, that if any of the mortifiers owin surname, or any of the sones of the # tennents of Ferriehill, sould be found qualified for the place of master of # gramar scooll in the said brughe, that they sould be preferrit without any # contestatione; therfor seing he wes ane of the sonnes of the tennents of the # lands of Ferriehill, humblie desyreing that they wold caus take tryall # of his qualificatione, and being found qualified wold admitt him to the said charge without competitione or contestatione, conforme to the # mortificatione: which petitione and mortificatione the counsell and patrons # aforsaid haveing hard and considerit, finds the said Mr Johne Lyell not # to be the sone of ane of the tennents of the lands of Ferriehill, his # father being onlie ane graseman and subtennent, and had no laboring but ane craft # of land, and was not ther tennent of the same but their taksmans; and # therfor declaires him not preferrable, albeit qualified, without # competitione, and in respect of his appeirance conforme to the edict, admitts him # to tryall

with others that sall compeir for that effect, and if # qualified, (\ceteris paribus\) , to haue what is due by the mortificatione. Thomas Merser, late # dean of gild, ane of the counsell, protestit in the contrar, alleadging # the said Master John to be ane tennents sone, and therfor preferrable as # aforsaid; the provest, for himselfe and in name of the counsell and # patrons aforsaid, protestit in the contrar, for the reasones forsaid. [}9 MARCH 1670.}] The said day, anent the petitione given in to the counsell # by Master Alexander Skeene of Newtyll, late baillie of the said brughe, # showing that considdering everie bleessing bestowit be God on any place # should be improvin for the publict good, and seing that medicinall wall # at the Womanhill, commonly called the Wall of Spae, had been much # neglectit thes severall yeires bygone, since the same wes stopit by the # violent torrent of wateris which overturned it, after the same had been # cairfullie buildit by ane inhabitant of this brughe, who had good prooff in his # owne persone in cureing him of the stone, in memorie wherof be translated # the same in ane more hansome way, with the portrature of sex apostles # raisit on each syde of ane long hewin stone, with which ornaments it had been # sett forth for the notable vertues with which thes wateris ware indued, in # heiling such varietie of diseases, as ane printed book, set out by # Doctor William Barklay in the year 1615, did demonstrat; and now the said # spring appeiring in its wonted place, and the wateris found to be of # the same qualitie, according to the said doctor his marks and prescryvit # meines of tryall, and it being found that the said wall had not beene # onlie ane former great bleessing, but evin many at this tyme had felt the good # effectis therof in cureing the gravill, and stone in the kidnes and # blader, the collicks in the stomack, when so violent that nothing else could, and # also despirat lyke hydropsies; therfor desyreing the counsell that # they wold be pleasit to permitt him to caus rebuild the said wall, in as # comlie ane way as befor it had been, without any charge to them or the toune, # and which

being done, that they wold take it as ther owne and preserve # and manteine it in tyme comeing; and also that they wold caus reprint the # said Doctor Barklayes book, which wold be about ane sheet of paper, with # such testimonies as ther present phisitianes sould, at ther desyre, from thair # knowledge and experience annex, wherby seeklie strangeris knowing of such ane free offer of health might make the more frequent resort to # this brughe, and be made partakeris of the same goodnes of God with others, # as in the petitione wes contenit. [}16 MARCH 1670.}] The said day, the counsell takeing to considderatione that # notwithstanding of all former acts emittit against the quakers for keeping of # thair meetings within this brughe, yet they did still continue in # keeping of their saids meetings; therfor ordaines them of the men Quakers who # sall be found at ane nixt meiting within this brughe to be apprehendit # and imprisonit, ay and whill they obleidge themselves to forbear; # and least notwithstanding the weeman Quakers may also conveine, ordaines # the dores of the housses wher they ordinarlie meit to be keipit # close, and the keyes therof takine from them, wherthrow this brughe may be # free of thair conventiones. [}30 MARCH 1670.}] The said day, compeirit in presence of the councell and # remanent patrons befor namit of the mortificatione of the deceist Mr # Patrick Dune, doctor of medicine, Mr James Leslie, principall of the Colledge # Marischall in this burghe, Mr Johne Menzies, professor of divinitie, Mr # David Lyell, ane of the ministers of the same, Masters Alexander Alexander, # Robert Bruce, Robert Patersone, and Thomas Gray, regentis in the said # Colledge, wha, conforme to the said mortificatione and the councells # former act theranent, ware nominat for takeing tryall of the persones # qualificatioune

and abilitie for planting the vacand place of principall master # of gramer scooll of this brughe, and maid report, that according to the # said nominatioune and oath formarlie tenderit to them be the counsell, they had # at severall dyets and occasiones, wpon mature deliberatioune, # prescryvit seuerall poyntis of tryall, suitable and convenient, to Master # Robert Skeine, scoolmaster at Banchorie, the onlie persone appeiring for the # forsaid effect, and fund him qualified and capable for the charge of the # principall master of the said scooll, which they declarit to be of treuth be # uerteu of thair great oath, as said is: With the which report the counsell and # remanent patrons above nameit of the said mortificatione being ryplie # advysit, and therby finding the said Mr Robert Skeen able and qualified for # the said charge; and withall, considering that by the forsaid # mortificatione it wes ordanit and appoyntit that the intrant master, before his # admissione to the said charge, sould giue oath to promove the good of the # Colledge Marischall in this brughe, and to advyse his scollars to come # to the same, and to preferr the same to all other colledges; and having # callit the said Mr Robert befor them and accordinglie tenderit to him the said # oath, as also signified to him the councells act before written, # relateing to his abydeing in the said schooll: All which he willinglie accepting # of, the councell and remanent patrons above nameit haue admittit and # receavit, and be this present act admitts and receaues, the said Master # Robert Skeine principall master of the said gramer scooll in this # brughe, (\ad vitam vel ad culpam\) , or at least for the space of aught yeires, # with and wpon the other conditiones, restrictiones, and provisiones particularlie # aboue set doune, and exprest in the mortificatione of the said deceist # Master Patrick Dune, and acts of counsell before mentionat, made theranent, # and ordaines ane contract to be extendit theranent, in ample forme, to be # subscryvit be the prouest, baillies, councell, and remanent patrons of the # said mortificatione, and the said Master Robert Skein on the ane and wther parts.

[}27 APRIL 1670.}] The said day, anent the petitione given in to the counsell # be Thomas Boyes, Mathew Lumsden, John Nicolsone, Alexander Lumsden, # William Harper, and William Taylour, skipperis, burgesses of the said # brughe, for themselues, and in name of the remanent skipperis, and sea # fairing men belonging to the same, mentioning that wher, as wes evidentlie # knowin, persones of ther calling and imployment in all the royall # brughes and incorporationes of this kingdome had ther accomodationes and seats in the churches allowit to them, yet never the les the skipperis and # sea fairing men of this burghe, albeit ane considerable number, and that they # did bear considerable burdine with thair neightbours, were altogither destitute of # the lyke accomodatione; therfor desyreing the counsell that they # wold be pleasit to consider the premisses, and to fall wpon some # effectuall course for ther ease theranent; and seing ther wes comodious places # betwixt the pillers in the south syde of the new church, wher with ther # permissione they sould make wp ane loft in decent maner for the forsaid # effect, which sould not in the leist be any wayes prejudiciall to the lights # of the kirk, but rather tend to the decorement therof, that they wold be # pleasit to grant them libertie to make wp ane loft betwixt any of the # saids pillars, or in any wther place within the said church they sould find # convenient, in such forme and maner as they sould set doune, which sould # incourige them to carie and behave themselves as became, as in the # petitione wes contenit: The counsell haveing come to the said new church, and # haveing takine particular inspectione of the petitioners desyres, they # find it is verie convenient they be accomodat, and have ane proper seat, # and roume allotit and allowit to them for the effect above mentionat, and # therfor haveing hard and considderit the supplicatione, and being # maturlie advysit thairanent, they have given and grantit, and be these presents # giues and grantis libertie and licence to the petitioners for # themselues, and in name and for the behoove of the haill remanent skipperis and # mariners

within the said brughe, to erect and make wp ane loft in # decent forme and maner, in the west most end of the said new church, # directlie aboue the gramar schooll loft within the same, with power to them to # bring ane rine jest towards the floor of the said church mid pillar on # both sydes, to which the foir breist of the said loft is to come out, and no # further, as also with power to them to make laigher the said gramer scooll loft # if found neidfull for thair accomodatione, the same being alwayes done # and made wp as before, wpon ther proper charges and expenssis, provyding # alwayes that the said gramer scooll loft, if made lower, sall be of # such hight as that persones of the highest stature may walk and stand wnder the # same; as also that the said new loft to be made wp be the petitioners, # be of lyke distance from the floor of the said gramer scooll loft, and # recomends to the master of kirkwark to sie the premisses accordinglie done # and observit in euerie poynt and conditione, as is above written. [}18 MAY 1670.}] The said day, the counsell considering that ther wes # certaine abusses latlie comittit at the buriall of the laird of Drum's daughter, # within the kirks of this brughe, betuixt ten and elevin houres at night, tuo # persons being woundit, and as was informeit seuerall superstitious ceremonies # vseit, and that the same wes partlie occasioned by the permissione of the # lyke at such untymous occasiones, and not keeping closs the kirk dores # before or after sunesetting; therfor for preventing the lyke in tyme # comeing, ordaines that no defunct persons whither strangers or inhabitants of # this brughe be buried or interred within the kirks, or kirk yeard of # the same, or territories therof, except betwixt the ryseing and setting of # the sune, both in the summer and winter tymes, wnder the payne of three # hundreth merks Scots monie, to be payit be the contraveiners...

[}6 JULY 1670.}] The said day, anent the supplicatione given in to the # counsell be Alexander Ettershank, deacone convenair of the traids of the # said brughe, William George, deacone of the hamermen, Alexander Charles, # deacone of the wrights and couperis, William Chapman, deacon of the # baxteris, Patrick Walker, deacone of the taylouris, and Robert Menie, deacone of # the shoemakeris, of the same for themselues, and in name and # behalfe of the freemen of thair seuerall traids, mentioning that wher they had # seuerall tymes supplicat the councell of the said brughe to nominat and # appoynt ane fitt persone to catechise and instruct the people of the # samen in the Trinite Chappill, which hitherto had provin ineffectuall; # therfor againe renewing thair desyres, and humblie intreating that the # counsell wold be pleasit to nominat and elect ane qualified persone to officiat # in the said deutie vnce in the week, wpon any day they sould find # expedient, and wheron ther sould be no publict worshipe in any other of the # tounes churches, and to appoynt to him ane hundreth punds Scotis money # yeirlie, of present sallarie, payable be them vntill they sould be # further able, and that the offerings that sould be collectitt, at the said # church dore, be honest persons of the respectiue traids, might be applyed, the # on halfe for manteining and wphalding the fabrick of the said chappill, and # the other halfe of the same to such wse as the counsell sould find # expedient, as in the said petitione subscryvit with thair hands at lenth wes # contenit; which petitione the counsell having hard and considerit, and haueing # made ane list of certaine able persons, fitt and qualified for going # about the said deutie, they nominat and elect Master William Mitchell, # preacher of the gospell, to be catechist and lectorer in the said Trinitie # Chappill, during the counsellis pleasure, wpon such ane weeklie dyet as heirafter # sall be condiscendit wpon be the counsell, with and vpon the conditions above written, and others to be aggreed wpon betuixt the counsell and # the saids traids, and remitts to the magistrats to caus extend ane # formall contract theranent.

[}22 SEPTEMBER 1670.}] The said day, the councell approves of ane protestatioun # takin be the provest ther comissioner at parliament against ane # ratificatione of the priviledges of the Kings Colledge of Aberdeine, and recomends # to the provest to cause extract the same to be putt among the records # of this brughe. [}27 OCTOBER 1670.}] The said day, the councell considering that the fleshers # within this brughe, notwithstanding of former acts and prohibitiones, did # kill ther fleshes wpon the streets, and did hing out the same befor and # under staires, towards the foir street, which wes verie vndecent to # be seene in ane civill incorporatione and burghe; therfor of new ordaines # ... that no flesher within this brughe kill or slay any of the fleshes upon # the streets, or befor ther dores looking therunto, or hing out the same # wnder foirstaires in tyme comeing... [}22 FEBRUARY 1671.}] The said day, the councell taking to consideratione certain # overtures proposit by Mr Alexr. Skeine, ane of the baillies of the said # brughe, and others of ther number, appoyntit visitours of the scoollis of # the same for this yeir, for redres of severall abuses laitlie arisen # therein, and particularlie in the gramer scool, whereby the scollars therof sustainit # great prejudice and stop of their learneing, first, in that the doctors did # change from one class to another each quarter: therfor that it wold be # expedient that euerie on of the saids doctors in the said scool sould begine # with the scollars that he receaves at the four respective quarters of each yeir, # and teach them their rudiments and gramer untill they ware fitt to ascend to # the masters class; and seing in the three years tyme the scollars comeing # at the Rude

Day and Lambmes cannot be so far advanceit as thay that come at # Hallowday and Candlemes, that ther doctor haveing delyverit wp the # hallowdayes scollars to the masteris class, he may begine to receave the # new scollars in the elementarie at the hallowday, as also perfect the rest of # his former classis, and alwayas as he receaves euerie quarter a new class, # so he may giue of the class of his former course everie quarter to the # masters; and if any boy, thorow neglect or hardnes of ingyne, come short of his # fellow, be advyce of the visitors, he ought to discend, or with consent of # the parents, to be vnder the other master that teaches nixt to that class, # and so euerie thrid yeir, each doctor of the said scool is to receave the # scollars of ane haill year, and at the four generall quarters (\per vices\) , and # this is to goe wp with his owine scollaris to the masteris class; as also the # said scollers sustainit prejudice by the principall master and doctors ther appoynting # ane of the said doctors hepdomatar in the said school weeklie, for # exercising of discipline, wherby the same wes onlie done but vpon Saturday # each week, in the foirnoone: therfor that it ware expedient that the # principall master and doctors of the said scooll exercise discipline once # everie tuentie four hours vpon the scollars vnder ther respective charges; and # further, that for the saids doctors better accomodatione and # incouragement, that it ware expedient that each on of them sould have libertie # everie thrid week to prosecute ther privat studies in their chambers, # provyding they did all punctuallie keepe their dyets of teacheing, examining, # and discipline each day in the said scooll, so that the principall master and # tuo of the doctors ar alwayes to atend in the said scooll; and the forsaid # indulgence is fitt to be grantit to them in respect that place is not # possiblie alwayes to be setlit vpon them; and to the effect they may not be # tempted to neglect their dutie weeklie, they ar to have the said three # weeks indulgence; and siclyke ther was ane abuse in the said scooll, the # principall masters nor doctors did not come to ther atendance therein # whill sevin or aught hours in the morneing each day: Therfor it ware expedient # that on of the saids doctors sould each day be in the said scooll at # sex hours in the morneing, and the scollars when they came to the scool # sould not be

idle, and that the principall master and remanent doctors sould # all convein in the said scooll each day befor sevin hours in the morneing; # as also, that upon the ordinar play dayes, and at other tymes, # when the schollars of the said scholl did get the play, it was informed # that by ther not having the principall master, or at least on of the doctors # constantlie with them, they did not onlie make disturbances and # outbreakings among themselves, but also with the schollars of the gramer schooll # of the old toune, as was latlie fund: therefor that it ware expedient that the # principall master, or at least on of the vnder masters or doctoris, or more of the # same, sould be at such tymes constantlie attending the said schollars, and # sould cause them keepe the ordinarie places of playing, and vseing such # recreations as sould not be prejudiciall to themselues or ther fellowes; all # which the counsell having hard, and having takine the same to ther # consideratione, finds the forsaid overtures and proposallis very expedient and # necessar to be observit for remeid of the forsaid abussis, and therfor # approves of the same, and ordains and appoynts that in tyme coming they be # accordinglie performed; and leist the forsaid present change sould breid # debait and animosities among the said doctors, allows them to continue # with ther classes for this present quarter whill the rude day nixt as # they ar at present, and therafter to observe the forsaid rules prescryvit # theranent. [}22 MARCH 1671.}] The said day, anent the petitione gevin in to the councell # be William Scott, wright, as deacone convener of the traids of the said # brughe, for himselfe, and in thair name, mentioning that wher the saids # traides ware of intentione, with the councells libertie and permissione, to # improve that mortificatione left to the Trinitie Chappill, at leist by # haueing ane qualified persone to read ane portione of Scripture, with the ordinarie # prayers morneing and evening each day therin, and therfor did nominat, # by thair said petitione to the counsell, tuo persons, viz., John Gormack # and Alexr. Andersone, scoolmasteris in this burghe, that the counsell # might choise

and authorise on of them for the forsaid effect, as also that # they wold appoynt the bell of the said Trinitie Chappill to be rung at # the ordinar dyets therof, as in the petitione wes conteinit, which the # counsell considdering, they heirby nominat and elect the said Alexander Andersone to exercise the forsaid deutie in the said chappill, and # remitts him to the traids of the said brughe to geue him such sallarie for his # service as they sall find convenient. [}2 MAY 1671.}] The said day, the counsell understanding that the Lords # Commissioners of Justiciarie for the circuit court wer vpon their journey, # and to be heir tomorrow, finds it incumbent vpon them to giue them due # attendance as supream judges vnder his Maiestie, and therfor recomends to the magistrats to wait vpon them at the Bowbridge, for # conveying them to thair lodgings, and the toune serjands to goe before them # with their halberts discoverit, and about ane hundreth of the inhabitants # to be in good ordour in armes for thair receptione and convayence to thair # lodgings, and fyftein out of each quarter to atend in the day time, as # ane guard, as also that the militia company atend thair receptione bewest the # Bow bridge for that effect; and Arthur Dalgardnoe, to be Leivtennent to # the militia company, and John Wells to the tounes company, and Master # Thomas Forbes, sone to Robert Forbes, baillie, to be ensigne bearer to # the tounes company, and Master Alexr. Robertsone, clerk depute, to be # ensigne to the militia companie, and the mariadge dask, and dask vpon the eist # part therof, in the old kirk, as also the Chalmers dask ther, and the Reid # loft, as also the mariadge, Menzes, and Rutherfurds dasks in the new church # to be coverit with cushoons and carpits, in handsome forme wpon the # Lords day, and week dayes, and other occasions neidfull.

[}22 MAY 1671.}] The said day, the councell appoynts Gilbert Mollesone, # baillie, to attend the muster at Kintoir, vpon Tuesday nixt, of the militia # regiment of this shyre, and advert that this brughe be not prejudgit in any # thing relating to ther company, and the thesaurer to pay his charges which # sall be allowit in his accompts. [} (\EDOM DIE.\) }] The said day, the councell nominats and elects Arthur # Dalgardno, burges of this brughe, ensigne bearer of the tounes militia # company, and recomends to the magistrats to call for him for accepting of # the said charge. [}5 JULY 1671.}] The said day, the magistrats and councell of the said # brughe, taking to consideratione that notwithstanding of seuerall former acts # and statutes, made be ther predecessoris, appoynting onlie four witnesses of # men, and alse many of weemen to be at the baptisme of ilk child baptised # within the kirks of this brughe, yet neuertheles the saids acts ware # greatlie contraveined, and it was ofttime fund that by too great conventiones of # persones vpon that accompt, alse weell of men as weemen, both the # inviters and the invited ware at more then necessar charges; therfor the saids # magistrats and councell not onlie ratifies and approves the former acts # and statuts of their predecessors in that behalfe, but also of new statutes # and ordaines, that no inhabitant within this brughe, of what # someuer qualitie or conditione, invite or desyre any further witnessis to the # baptisme of their childerin, but onlie four men and four weemen, with four # weemen more to accompany the child to and from the church, with # certificatione to all persones, inviters or any in their names who sall be # found to contraveine, that they sall pay ane vnlaw of ane rex dollour to the dean of gild of this burghe, for ilk persone aboue that number, to be # wptakine without

any forbearance, and ordaines thir presents to be intimat from # the pulpits the nixt Lords day, to the effect non pretend # ignorance. [}5 JULY 1671.}] The said day, the saids magistrats and councell alse # considdering that ther wes ane abusse within this burghe, too long tollerat, to # the prejudice of the inhabitants of the same, in that prentessis, servants, # and people of miner sort entering in mariadge togither, did make comone # brydells, and did frequentlie invite great numbers of persones to the same, # who not onlie to ther own great loss, but also to the prejudice of the # commone weell of this burghe, did too larglie give out ther meines, # albeit many of them had no relatione to the parties maried, but onlie # following the example of them who possiblie ware nearlie concerneit; Therfor, # for remeid quherof the magistrats and councell heirby statutes, # inacts, and ordaines that no persone whatsomeuer invited or present at any # such brydells or maradges within this brughe, in tyme comeing, pay # or giue out any more money vpon the forsaid accompt then threttein shilling # four pennies ilk persone at most, whither at dennar or supper, with # certificatione to all who sall contraveine, that the persone contraveineing # sall pay ten merks money forsaid, quherof the one halfe to the dean of gild # of this brughe, for the vse of the toune, and the vther halfe to the # dilatour, which is to be exactly takin wp without any diminutione, and ordaines # thir presents to be intimat thorrow the toune by the drum. [^SKENE, JOHN (?). SKENE OF HALLYARD'S MANUSCRIPT "OF HUSBANDRIE". ED. ALEXANDER FENTON. THE AGRICULTURAL HISTORY REVIEW, XI: 2, 1963. PP. 67-70. (THE WHOLE TEXT)^]

[} [\SKENE OF HALLYARD'S MANUSCRIPT\] }] [}OF HUSBANDRIE. THE FIRST SHEAT.}] All grounds that ar laboured ar either Craft Land, that is # infield or muckit land, or outfield land. Craft land is devided into four pairts; # the first pairt is sowen with Beir, the second with oates, the third on of the # pairtes by itself is sowne the first yeir with Beir, the second yeir with oates, # the third yeir with wheat, and the fourth yeir with Peiss, and then begins with # Beir again. The owtfeild land is land that is never muckitt for the # most pairt. It lyis lie two yeiris and is falded the thrid yeir and then sowne for # thrie yeirs together, and it is sowne with no other grain than with oates. Ther be # some owtfeild better than other. Some lyis lie but some two yeires, # being falded the second yeir, some four yeires, being falded the fourth # yeir. Vhen land lyis lie yett is it profitabl for pasturage of horse, sheepe, and # nolt. Concerninge the sowinge of the seed the Vheit is sowne in # November and December, the Peiss in Marche and oates in Aprile, the Beir in # May. Concerninge lyming they lyme befor the Peiss but not befor # the wheit. Concerninge the muckinge and teallinge of the land, when # they sow peiss and oates the land is not muckitt, but when they sowe wheit # and Beir the land is muckitt, but the Beir getts mor mucke. Vhen they sowe the # wheit the land is muckitt, then anes tealled, then sowen, then harrowed. Vhen # they sowe the Peiss and Oates then the land is not muckitt, but anes tealled # sown and harrowed. But when they sowe the Beir the land is thrice tealled, first # when they have sowne their wheit seede, the second tyme when they have # sowne ther oate seede, and after the teallinge harrows it and then mucks # it verie weill, the third tyme they teall it then after the seed is sown they # harrow it. Concerning the stacking they must not gather in the corn # into the barne yaird till it die, that is drie and light and fitt to be # stackitt. The beir, wheit, and oates will die within ten or twelf dayis after the shearinge # if they be clean of weids and herbes, if the weather be fair. But the peiss is # langest a dying, for ten or twelf days after they be shorne they must be rowkitt # four or fyve dayes, before they be stackitt in the barne yairde. Ther be four pecks in a furlett, four furlets in a boll, # sixten bolls in a chalder.

The Peiss sows farder than anie grain, the Beir and the # wheit alik, but the oates least of all. For example, fourten pecks of Peiss, of # Beir and Wheit a boll, and fyve furlets of oates, will sowe an aker. As # concerninge how many threaves goes to the boll of everie grain, that is as the # stowks be in greatnes, som mor, some les, somtymes two threave, somtymes thrie # stowkis, somtymes thrie threave to the boll, yett for the generall ther goes # fewest sheaves to the boll of wheit and maniest sheaves to the Boll of oates. As concerning the making of the meale, the Beir and the # Peiss gives mor to the boll, for a boll of Beir and a Boll of Peiss, and # [\if\] they be gud, will everie on give six or seven furlets again. A boll of oates, and # they be gud, will give a boll of meal, and a boll of wheat, and they be gud, # will give a boll of flowr, half a boll of straikinge, and a furlet or the thrie # pecks of branne. Peiss and Beir wold be sowne immediatlie efter the land be # tealed, but Vheit neids not be sowne immediatlie after the tealinge of the # land, but wait upoan seasonabill weather for the sowing of the seid. [\THE # SENTENCE IN PARENTHESES IS IN THE MARGIN.\] (Wheit wold never be nin nights out of the earth.) As concerning # oates, infeild oates wold be sown about twentie dayis after the tealing of the # land, but owtfeild they teill it when they teill the wheit land. Beir, Peiss, and # Oates wold be sowne in drie weather, but wheat wold be sown in watt weather, # but not over watt wather. As concerning the casting of the prooff, the Greive must # not cast the prooff, but an other man must doe it. The twentie fyft sheiff # is the prooff, beginning at one again. And everie peck a prooff gives six furlets in # the stacke. [}OF BUYING OXEN AND SHEIPE.}] At Dumblane upown Whitsunday monday is best to buy oxen to # grass them, for they will gett them best sheape then, and sell them # abowt Martimes when they will gett dowbill price for them again. At Carnwath # at Midsummer on the 24 day of Iun is gud to buy lambes, and at Peibles # upown St. Peters day the eleventh of Iune. At Edenbrughe on Tarnetie # monday, being the monday efter Whitsonday, is gud to buy milk kye. Magdalen # day in Lithgoue, whilk is Nin dayes before Lambes, is good to buy # ather oxen, ky, or Quayis, or stirks or yong stotts or horse. A nuckle kowe is a kow that is new calv'd and gives milk, a # forrow kowe is a kow that gives milk, but it is long since shoe calv'd, # swa that shoe has a stirk a yeir old following her. A Teadie kowe is [\The sentence # breaks off here\] . A horse and [\if\] he be one year old he is two sowmme. An # oxe of ane year old is the thrid pairt of sowmme, but when he is thrie year old # he is a sowmme. A kow is iven sik lik, the reasone is becawse a horse # eates farr mor

nor ather ox or kow. He eates both day and night except on # howr in the night that he sleips, and suppose he were sicke that he wold not # stand on his feet, he will be shewing the grasse that is abowt him ever whill # [\until\] he die. Ten sheip is a sowmme, twentie lambes make a sowmme. They tak for # the sowmme in sommer fyve marks, and for the wholl yeir ten marks. Fowr # scor and fowr goates maks a sowmme. A nucle kow or a Teadie kowe is a kowe that is yssen'd or # gives milk everie year. A forrow kow is kow that is yssen'd or gives milk # anes in the two year. A yeild or Shamloh kow is a kow that gives no milk # at all. The best way to mak a kow to yssen is that shoe be weill wintered # and not hungered. A nucle kow will give mor milk in the day nor a forrow kow # will doe. The mor milk a kow gives shoe is ever the leaner in the flesh. # So a nucle kow is leaner nor a forrow kow, or a forrow kow is leaner nor a # yeild or Shamloh kow. When shoe becomes yeild then shoe becomes fatt and fitt # to be sold to the fleshers, and when she is fatt shoe will give als gud a # price as if shoe had a calf ganginge at her foot. A kow goes thrie quarters of a year # with calf. A mar goes eleventh moneths with foll. A yow goes eighteen owlks # with lambe. Commonlie they lett not the calf sowcke longer than fowrtie # dayis because if they sowck longer they become so browdden that they cannot # be halden of the paipe. Some tymis ky payis a full kean to their maister, sometymes # half a kean as they be nucle or forrow. The first kean they pay at midsummer, # the second at lambes. Ky payis butter, yowes payis cheiss. A full kean of # butter is six quarters, that is. Yowis pays alwayis the full kean. Everie fyve paips in the # yeir payis a stane of cheiss, and everie yow hes two paips. When they sett the # kys milk for silver, they pay for a kowis milk in the year, fyve punds, # whilk is onlie for the milk, for the Quayis the kye brings furth pertains onlie to # the maister. Ther be some ky that will not lett downe their milk vnless # they sie the calf standing besid them, sa if the calf die they will give no milk # at all. Some, to beguil the kow, they will stapp tha calfs skinne with strawe # and lay it besid her and shoe thinking it to be the calf will lett down her # milk. They will milk the kow although the calf be not speaned. And [\if\] shoe be a # good kow they will mak two paips to gaine the calf, and milk the other two. # A kow has four paips and some littill small paips. They will know a good milk # kow by a milk vaine that comes from her oodder athort the rimme of her # bellie. Kys milk is best for butter, and yows milk best for cheiss, # for kys milk will give both mor butter and better butter than yows milk, and # yowis milk will give both mor cheiss and better cheis than kys milk. They use # in Cuninghame to make cheiss of kys milk, but it is not good. When they sett # the yowis milk

for silver, they pay for the milk of everie yowe in the year a # mark; when they sett the yowis milk, they doe sett it wt. this condition that # they milk the yowis no longer then michaelmes, whilk is the ridinge tyme. # [\THE SENTENCE IN PARENTHESES IS IN THE MARGIN\] (for Michaelmes and Hallowmes is the tyme that yowis be ridden. # Michaelmes is six owlkis before Mertimes, Hallowmes is nin dayis befor # Martimes and then they lambe abowt March or April. The first lambe and # the last lambe are not good for keipinge.) [^REID, JOHN. THE SCOTS GARD'NER. THE GARD'NERS KALENDAR. EDINBURGH: DAVID LINDSAY, AND HIS PARTNERS, 1683. SAMPLE 1: PP. 22.6-38.17 SAMPLE 2: PP. 87.1-99.13^] [^AFTER PAGE 93, THE ERRONEOUS PAGE NUMBERING OF THE ORIGINAL PRINT HAS BEEN CORRECTED.^]

[}CHAP. V.}] [}HOW TO MAKE THE KITCHEN GARDEN.}] THE Kitchen-Garden is the best of all Gardens, but to returne. In all Gardens it is ordinary first to make a Bordure at the Wall. Secondly a walke. And thridly a Bordure on the other side thereof; here, the walke with a Bordure on each side of # it, going round the whole plot, Parallel to the Wall: but if your ground be large enough, I bid you make a distance Intercept # betwixt the walk and the Wall. Its also ordinary to divide the Garden into four plots, by two walkes crossing from side to side: but # I am not for any cross walkes in Gardens; yet if you would have more than one, (which divides the whole into two parts) then # make them all one way through the plot leading to the House, and # equidistant from the midle, still making the gates, doors or entries Front the walkes. In your Kitchen-plots, & in Nurseries for Trees, plant no # Trees through the ground: for when they grow up, they cover and choak the ground so, that you will be necessitate to seek for # another. Therefore, make only three Bordures next and Parallel to the walkes round on each hand: plant the first or that next the # walke on both sides, with a holly Hedg, the second with Goosberries and currans, the thrid with dwarff Trees, the ground all open # and void within for Kitchen-herbes and Roots; which must be # orderly

divided into ridges; and these again divided into Beds, # Furrowes, and Drills for your more orderly and convenient planting and # sowing. As for the proportion note that. 2. The walkes must be in breadth according to their length # (^viz.^) 1000 foot long, 30 foot broad, 500 foot long, 20 foot broad, 250 in length, 15 in breadth, 100 foot long, 10 foot broad. The Bordures 6 foot broad, the Tables or Pathes betwixt the Bordures 2 foot broad, and these betwixt the level-Ridges # (wherein the ground is divided) 3 foot broad, the Beds 6 foot broad with foot and half furrowes; you may make 7 of them Beds in each # Ridg, and the whole length of the plot all Running from the House: # but if your ground be small you may make your Bordures and Beds # narrower, yet still let the whole plot, Ridges, Bordures, and Beds be equally divided, and their Areas or Edges three Inches # higher than the furrows or pathes, and so much higher than the side # of walkes, as the middle of the walk is higher than its sides, # all handsomly clapt up with the Rakehead, by a line: (and the like order you may observe in your seminaries and Nurseries of Trees) # then plant and sow by lines and Drills, both for beauty and # conveniency. When you would do this, divide the Bed, Bordure or Ridg at # both ends into so many equal parts: (by help of the long Rule and # small sticks) then streatch on the line from end to end by these # sticks, and with the corner of the Rule make a marke by the line, and # therein set your Herbes and Plants; and for setting of seeds, measure # out, and streatch on the line as before, and with the setting stick # make the holes by the line (not too deep) and therein put the # seeds. And if you sow in drills, make a scratch or little ebb gutter with # the point of the stick by the line, and therein sow. If the rowes be two # foot distance, let the first be one foot within the edg; if 6 # Inches sundry make them 3 Inches off the edge, and so proportionally. Note, that I have told the distances of each sort Kitchen-herbes and # Fruits part 2. Chap. 6. where is intended 6 foot broad beds, but # where they are less, there must be fewer rowes.

3. The Kitchen Garden may be placed, its half on each side # the House and Courts, and when you plant or sow, place every # species by themselves (except such mixture as is mentioned part 2. Chap. I. Sect. 3.) and where you have not a whole Ridge or at # least a bed of a kind, you may compleat them with such as are # nearest of growth and continuance: also plant them of long last, and them that must be yearly renewed severally, each in Ridges or beds # by themselves orderly; the order is to make every sort oppose it # self. Example if you plant a Ridge of Artichocks on the one hand, # plant another at the same place on the other: and still where you # have perennialls on the one side, set the same sort at the same # place on the other; and so of Annualls. In short, what ever you have on the one side, you should have the same in every circumstance # on the other. Perennialls are such plants as continues many years # in the ground, Annualls are such as usually dy immediatly after # once they bear seed, and that is usually (tho~ not universally) the # first or second year. 4. As for physical plot you may have them in that ridge of # the Kitchen Garden next the Bordures: and if you will to have no # other pleasure Garden, you may have Flowers there, and on the # Bordures next the walkes also: and that ridge or Intervall betwixt the walke and Wall will be excellent for all early, rare and # tender plants. You may rill your Physick Herbes in Tribes and Kindreds, # planting every Tribe by themselves, and you may also place one of each kind in the Alphabetical order. 5. How to order hedges, see part 2. Chap. 4. as for Walls, Brick is best, next is Stone and Lime; 4 Ells is low enough, 5 # or 6 if you please: but if you would make the South-looking Wall semicircles in it, that would conduce much to the advantadge of the Fruit, as well as Hot-beds under it; The distance of # Wall-trees will Informe you what quantity to make them, as for example 15 foot is the distance of Cherries and Plumes, (except such as # the (^May^) -cherrie which being Dwarfish requires less) 18 foot # for Apricoks & Peaches, 20 foot for Aples, 24 for Pears. Therefore if you

make the semicircumference 18 foot for Apricoks and Peaches, (you may plant two Dwarff Cherries therein) then 36 is the # whole Perifery, and as 22 is to 7: so is 36 the Perifery to 11 1/2 # fere the Diameter; and having the Diameter you may easily make any part of the Circle: and let the plain or straight Wall betwixt # each semicircle be just one Trees distance likewayes. And also in straight Walls divide equally, and plant non in # the Corners, measure first off 6 foot on each side the gates or # doors for Honisuckles, Jasmines, &c. And whatever be the distance of your Trees, set them half therefrom, as also from the Corners, except where you make all their heads ply one way; (as on a # low Wall) such may stand three foot off the Corners, or # Honisuckles they lean from, and a whole distance off these they lean # towards. You may plant a Goosberrie and curran in the intervalls of your Wall-trees while young, & when the Trees approach, remove # them. Let the Roots of your Wall-trees stand near a foot from the # Wall with their heads inclining towards the same. Wall-trees in # Orchards (whose Standards are in the Quincunx) should stand opposite to the mid intervall of the Standards. The distance of Dwarff Standards is 16 foot where there is # but one row, and in following this Rule of the three Bordures, # they will stand just 16 foot off the Hedg, observing to plant in # the midle of the Bordures. The distance of Goosberries and currans 6 # foot. But in all your plantings and sowings divide the ground so as # each kind may stand & grow equally. To conclude, these three Bordures going round at each side # of the walkes handsomly made up and planted, as aforesaid, will # secure the ground within from hurtful winds and colds, and make people keep the walkes (handsome pale doors being on the # entries of the Hedges) so as they may neither wrong you nor themselves. # Also the Hedge, Dwarff Standards, Shrubs, and Wall-trees being all well prun'd and plyed, with the Bordures and walkes clean and # orderly kept, will make it look like a Garden of pleasure, and hide all the Ruggedness that happeneth in Kitchen-ground by # delving, dunging, turning and overturning throughout the year.

[}CHAP. VI.}] [}HOW TO MAKE THE PLEASURE-GARDEN, &C.}] Pleasure-Gardens useth to be divided into walkes and plots, with a Bordure round each plot, and at the corner of each, may be a holly or some such train'd up, some Pyramidal, others # Spherical, the Trees and Shrubs at the Wall well plyed and prun'd, the Green thereon cut in several Figures, the walkes layed with # Gravel, and the plots within with Grass, (in several places whereof may be Flower pots) the Bordures boxed, and planted with variety of Fine Flowers orderly Intermixt, Weeded, Mow'd, Rolled, and kept all clean and handsome. Plain draughts ar only in use, and most preferable; that # which I esteem is plain straight Bordures and Pathes running all one # way, that is, from the House with one walke patting it in the # midle, leading to the House door: and if the ground be large, you may make one round by the Wall too, as the pleasure Garden of fig. # I. Let the Bordures and Pathes be both of a breadth, ( (^viz.^) 6 # foot) box the Bordures, and plant them with Flowers, lay the pathes # as well as the walkes with Gravel, plant the Walls with Fruit and Flower-bearing Trees variously. Outter Courts hath only one Bordure at the Wall, planted # with Laurels and other Greens, one Pathed or Brick-walk in the # midle, leading to the midle of the House-front with a long Grass plot # on each hand. 2. The Bordures of your Kitchen-Garden round by the walkes may be boxed with (^Thyme^) , (^Lavendar^) , (^Hysop^) , # (^Rue^) , &c. the next with (^Parsly^) , (^Strawberries^) , (^Violets^) , # (^July-flowers^) , &c. Cherrie-gardens and Physick-gardens with Sweet-brier often # cut, or (^Box^) cut three times (\Per annum\) as April, June, # August, minding to cut their Roots at the inside every second year, that they # exhaust not the strength or nourishment of the Flowers or Herbes. But

that which I preferre for Flower-Gardens above all, is # (^Dwarff-Juniper^) raised from the seed and Planted thus, When the ground is levelled, measure out the Bordures, (but raise them not # above the walkes, except you minde to lay gravel) streatch a line and # with the edge of the Rule mark alongst thereby, and therein set the # young sets of (^Box^) or the young Plants of (^Juniper^) at 2 years # grouth; then prepare the Bordures by delving in consum'd dung of Cowes and Sheep, covering on a little lime topt with a little sand, to # ly all summer, kept clean from by hawing. At the beginning of winter delve and mix together, to ly all winter un-Raked, and at the # Spring redelve, stirr and mix it throughly, and train and plant your # Flowers and other Plants in their seasons. See Part 2. Chap:7. 3. In making the walkes in any Gardens, first level up the # Bordures at its sides, secondly drive a Row of Stakes in the midle of # the walke, and level them accordingly (^i.e.^) streatch a line # cross the walke betwixt the two level Bordures, and marke where it hits the # Stake in the midle of the walke; do this at both ends, and viewing # betwixt, will levell the rest, see the next Chap: of levelling. But you may mind, that the walk must rise a little in the midle, and # yet the midle of the walke, and top of the Boxing of the Bordure must # be level, (^i.e.^) The Boxings so much above the side of the walk, # as the midle of the walke is above its sides. Where your Boxing is # timber or Stone, fill up the bordure of Earth to the top thereof, but # where your Boxing is box-juniper or the like, the Earth within the # bordure and edg of the walks and pathes without, must be equal. As for the rise or swell that walkes has which makes them # Segmenta Circuli, grass or brick walkes may have for 30 foot broad 6 # Inches rise, for 20 foot 4 Inches, 10 foot 2 Inches; and let gravel # have an Inch more proportionally: and it agrees with the rule of # proport: in Arithmetick, as 20 is to 4: so is 30 to 6.If gravell of # brick walkes or pathes ly by the side of grass, make the grass half Inche # higher than such. If the walke be Grass, make 2 foot Tables, or # pathes of gravel betwixt it and the Bordure.

4. To lay grass, first level the ground, whither walke or # plot; and its the better to ly a year so made up, before you lay the # turff; because it may be levelled up again, if it sink unto holes: If # it ly wet, bottome with Stones and Rubish; and if the Earth be fat, take # it out, and put in sand; however lay a foot thick sand immediatly under the Truff: then by the squair streatch lines, Ritt with the # Ritting Iron (which is an half round put into the end of a crooked # stick) & raise the Turff with the Turff-Spade, (which is broad mouthed, otherwise all one with the Husbandmens breast-Turffing-spade) # let the Turff be of equal thickness, near Inch and half thick, a # foot and half broad, and as much in length, lay their green sides # together, when you put them in the cart, but do not Roll them when brought home, lay them all even and closs; Feeling each # particular Turff with your foot, so as you may discern any Inequallity, to be helped Immediatly, in laying still, beating every two # three rowes of turff while moist, with the Timber beatters, and when the whole is layed, and well beat, Roll well with the # Stone-Roller, which should be as big as a hogsehead, The Spring and Autumne is the best time. And if you mind to keep a good pile # of Grass, suffer it never to grow Inch long: beat, mow, and Roll # often, especially in the mornings and moist weather. 5, But if you would lay the hard tile or brick walkes, # prepare as for Grass, minding it wants the breadth of the brick of the # true hight: for you must set them all on their edg closs by other # on a bed of lime, laying the side, each other Row crossing the ends of # the other, and place one in the midle of the walkes that both # sides may be Regular. 6. To lay gravel, cleanse first the bottomes of the walkes # of fat Earth, and Root weeds, and bottom it with Stones; and lay over that about half a foot of clean round gravel, and about three # Inches top gravel of equal greatness which may be like beans and # pease: you must make it thus equal by sifting, and so Rake, Tred, and beat; and when compleatly levelled, beatt well with the Timber beaters, while moist, then Roll soundly with the # Timber-Roller,

and afterwards with the Stone-Roller, especially in Rain, for # which the spring and Autumn is best; but if dry weather, you must # dash water one the Roller (continually in Rolling) with the # watering pott, and if you ar forced to use Sea or water sand, you may beat some good clay to dust and mix with such, before you lay it; # weed, and Roll frequently. 7. For the orderly planting of flowers there may be three # wayes, as first in the Bordures of pleasure Gardens or Courts, plant 5 rowes in the bordure, and Intermixe them orderly (^i.e.^) # divide and plant every sundry sort through the whole Garden at equal # distances, and not only so but every sundry colour thereof also; let # never two of a kind nor two of a colour stand together, without # other kinds and colours Interveening, so as there may not be two, three of a kind or Colour at one end, Bordure, Plot or Place, # and non thereof through the rest, but universally and ornamentally # Intermixt, and when you find a breach by some being past the flower, you may have various Annual Flowers sowen in potts, ready to plunge into the vacancies of the Bordures for continuing this # beauty. Secondly, in my sort of flower Gardens which is Bordures # and pathes running all one way (^viz^) : from the House, Plant 5 # rowes and intermix them, not as in the last way, but set 5 rowes of # each kind cross the Bordure, so as 25 of each sort may stand in a # Geometrical squair. As if you set a squair of Tulips, a squair of Boarsears squair of Crocuses, a squair of July Flowers, a squair of Anemonies, and a squair of Couslips: and so a squair of Tulips, another of Boars Ears, &c: Through that Bordure Intermixing the Colours of each sort, then may you make the next Bordure so Intermixt, but differing: minding that as you Intermix the Bulbous and Fibrous in each Bordure, so must they be also in # the crossing, that the squair of Fibrous in this may oppose the # squair of Bulbous in the next, and likewayes whatever Bordure such sorts ar in, on the one side of the walke, set the very same in the # Bordure equidistant from the walke on the other side, that the whole # may

be Regular and uniformely Intermixt all the year, looking from # all sides, ends or Angles. Thridly in nurseries of Beds and Ridges, Plant every kind # in thickets by themselves, and Annualls and perennialls by # themselves (except only that you Intermix their Coloures) that is, make a whole Bed or Ridg of each kind, 6 Rowes in the Bed, the # Dwarfish may be 8 Rowes: thus every thicket of them Flowering in their own order, will have a great shew, and at a great # distance; and here also observe uniformity, that is, alike on each # hand, see the last Chap: sect:3. For if you have a Ridg or Bed of # (^July-flowers^) or the like on the one side, Plant another thereof at the same place on the other, &c. And because Flowers must be removed some in one, two, or three years, and the Earth renued or enriched, and properly # prepared, else they degenerate; (because in long time they exhaust the substance of the ground, at least that part appropriate to # them) therefore you have a good conveniency for effectuating the same by these last two models perscribed: for often you will have some Beds # or squairs where your Annualls stood, to replant your Tulips, # Anemonies or the like unto, and so another sort where these stood, and your Annualls again where this last was; and because here you remove a whole Bed or squair of a kind at once, you may very conveniently prepare, Delve, Stir, Bear, sift and mix it throughly with the soyl proper (a thing most necessary) and # this you could not well do, where they ar scattred as in the first # way. See the Rules mentioned Part. 2. Chap. I. Sect. 10 and Chap.7. As to Terrase walkes, if the Brow on which you make them, be not too steep, the work shall be the more Facile: if you # build them up with walls, be careful to found deep enough according # to the level, and if the midle of the terrase be on the Central # line of the house or of any walke, make the Stayr of the upmost and # downmost there to part at a plat on the head going down at both sides, # so much of the stayr case may be within as that the outter edg # thereof may be in a line with the Bordure at the wall, by this it marrs # not the

walke, the rest may be at the ends; Plant the Bordure at the # upperside of the walke with wall Trees, the under side (being but ell high) with Laurels: &c. But if your Terrase consists only of # walkes and sloping Banks, you may have the Bordure at the head and # foot of each Bank on either side the walkes, Planted with standard # cherries &c. and the Banks, of (^Violets^) , (^Straw-Berries^) or Grass. 9. As for Pondes make them large and broad, such being best both for the health of Fish and Fowll, Clean, and most # preferrable water for watering Plants: squair, Triangle, Circle, Ovall, or what figure fits your ground best; let them be 5 or 6 foot of # solid water at least, with Sluces to let it Run in and out at # pleasure. I am against Arbust and close walkes except Trees their # natural closing, where we have both shade and Air. [}CHAP: 7.}] [}HOW TO LEVEL GROUND}] I Have often wished that there might be some Rules found, # whereby this expensive worke might become more easy. There be two sorts of levelling (^viz^) : the Horizontal, and Sloping. The first is best known, but the last more profitable and convenient. # Example, I have made a plot slop 4 foot in 200 long, and 18 Inches in 380 foot the other way: this was not perspicuous to vulgar # eyes, yet to have made it Horizontal, would have been Ridiculous as to time, paines and expences. And in levelling the walkes # about a plot (which sloped naturally) to make them correspond with the grownd rownd, I behoved to make the midle walk agree with the side ones whereupon it slops 10 foot in 370 long: now if I had # made this Horizontal, it would have been 5 foot or 10 steps lower # than the one side walke, and as much higher than the other, and so worse and more Inconvenient than before, both as it is a # walke,

and anent Correspondancy with the rest of the ground within; # therefore I am for levelling any ground sloping, that it may turn a # little to the Sun if possible, for drawing water, that it may # correspond with its adjuncts, and above all to prevent the more costly # way: for Its certainly a principal observation in levelling, not # only to cause, the ground of it self serve if self, but also to level # it as it lyes most conveniently, which is the cheap and easie way of # levelling. When you have a Row of Stakes set in a straight line and about # 20 foot distance, as in the edge of a Bordure or midle of a # walke, the way of levelling them either Horizontal or sloping, is to mark and put a nail in the two stakes which ar at the extreams or # ends thereof, and view betwixt, cause marke all the Rest which ar # betwixt, in a level line, therewith; This is the easiest, the exactest and quickest way: and in the same methode you may go round any plot, and consequently cross (every way) the same accordingly. In that which you would have Horizontal, place the long # Rule and the level at one end, suppose the sole of the Door, till # the plumb fall right in recovering, and view alongst the said Rule # (as on a fowlling piece) that you may see what part of each Stake # it hits, and cause one with a piece white paper or white hefted knife # hold the same at each stake, its heft ending out (as the nails # which carry up the line) and direct him by words or signes to hold up or # down till it be Just level: when they ar all marked, measure down so # much on each Stake, as was raised up for conveniency; in viewing # there marke, put in nailes a little, streatch on the line, and level # up the earth or gravel thereunto. And where you would have determin'd slops, set on the level # and marke the far-end stake in a level line therewith, then # measure down upon the said Stake or pole from the marked place so much as # you designe the slop, and put in a naile with white paper about # it, and at the upperside of the Rule in the stake at the door, put in # another nail, and by viewing betwixt these two, marke all the rest as # before. If the distance betwixt the extreames be farr where the fight # may dazle, let the viewer descent his station, and come foreward # at

every 5 or 6 Stakes and holding his knife at the last marked # Stake, cause his assistant or stake-marker proceed. To level as the ground lyes, let its slop be what it will # you need neither level nor Rule (except you please to try how much it # slops after its done for satisfaction) only set stakes as before, # and viewing the ground narrowly put nails in the stakes which are at the # extreams where you think the ground will Run when levelled to make it serve it self, and as it lyes best or easiest for # levelling: and when you have concluded upon the level at the extreams, make # all the stakes in the Intervall by viewing as above. 2. But to proportion the level to the ground is the whole # art of levelling. Its true it is easie, if you have a plot or walke a # foot higher at one end, to take half a foot thereof, and lay on the low end so as the two ends may be Horizontal, (I have already shew'd # how to level having the two ends found) or if it be Horizontal to # take 9 Inches off the one end, and lay on the other, that it may slop # 18 Inches: but if some places of it ly one way, and some another, and some neither the one nor the other, this increaseth the # difficulty. Wherefore you must first drive stakes at the corners of the # plot, then view the ground about and put nayles in the stakes where # you would have the level Run, or at least where you think by your # eye it may most conveniently come to make it contain it self, and # easiest to be levelled: also set up several stakes in the Intervalls # and Crosswayes through the plot from opposite Angles, and by viewing betwixt the foresaid nailes every way marke all the stakes level; but if you cannot see from the markes of this supposed level which # are on these corner stakes, seeing there may be some underneath # the ground, little Hills, or some such obstructions in the way, # then measure equally up upon each of them, so farr as you think # convenient for getting your sight, and mind to take down the same again after viewing. When all is marked with this supposed level, go over and # note narrowly how it will agree, that so as your reason shall teach # you to alter, take up one end or down the other, or up or down both # till

you bring it to such proportion, as to do its own business it # self. Or you may do more exactly thus. Suppose you have a Bordure or midle of a walke with sixteen stakes driven therein at 20 foot distance, all marked with a # supposed level, and 10 of their markes above ground, and 6 under ground: first measure how farr the markes on each of the 10 # stakes is above ground, and write them down particularly, and adding # their measures together, you find 13 foot 4 Inches. Secondly measure how farr the markes of the 6 stakes ar under ground, & write # down, adding them together you find it 12 foot; substract the one # from the other and the difference is 16 Inches which must be # divided by 16 the stakes in the Bordure, that is, ane Inch to each stake, # so that this supposed level is an Inch higher over all than the true level, # which being taken down will make the ground there level it self, and # no more. This may suffice for example, but I could say more, if I # did see your ground. And if you can thus proportion the level to # one Bordure, walke, or one Row of stakes, you may by the same Rule find the level for the stakes round and cross the plot, and # consequently level the same accordingly: for having once concluded on the level, drive stakes over all the plot as in my first way # of planting Trees, (see Chap. 4. Sect. 4 ) and marke and put nailes # therein as above is taught for carrying the line. Except you mean to # follow my method of levelling the Kitchen-Garden, or the like for # planting and sowing, which is only to level one Bordure thus by stakes # and lines. Round each plot and by the eye level up the ground # within thereunto all along in Trenching, albeit this not so proper # for Courts and Grassplots. However as by this means, I use to level # ground without a level, so do I think this way of finding out the # true level by means of a supposed one, worthy your notice, and if rightly # improven save you much money and paines. Be cautious in founding your Walls lest you undermine them # in levelling, nor is it convenient sometimes to confine your # level to the foundation of Walls already built: for in so doing, you may # lose more, than would cast down and rebuild, but in such cases you may rather build under gradually.

3. There be some bad lying plots and walkes, with an ascent # at the head, hollow in the midle, level at the foot, these and # the like are very troublesome to level under one denomination: for the # taking down the Hill, bares it so, that plants cannot prosper # thereon. some ar necessitate to take out the Gravel, Tile, or Stones so # much deeper, and travell earth again: but I rather advise to make # terrases, you need not confine to the number of banks, but only to the # proportion and uniformity. If it tend all one way as high at one end and low at the other, then its proper enough for perpendicular # walkes that front the house, but if low in the midle and high at both # ends, or low at both ends and high in the midle, then more proper for Parallel walkes, (whose extremities are equidistant from the # central line of the House) remember to divide and slop them equally. This minds me of some abuses, which I have seen, as a plot # of sloping levelled ground, with another Horizontaly levelled # lying at the foot thereof, (at least not under one slop) or # Horizontal walkes and bordures lying by the foot and head of sloping # plots; these are unseemly: for you should allwayes make them slop # under the same denomination (except if steep and high banks) I have made walkes of 18 foot broad slop 18 Inches form one side to # the other, because the whole plot sloped the same way, so much # proportionally, yet to the eye appears very pleasant; but where such Horizontal and sloping pieces ly contiguous, the defect is # easily seen, therefore if you be necessitate to lay some plots so, # (albeit I know reason for laying walkes so) make rather a Hedg to # Intercept, and in all your workes let there be a connexion. 4. There be some more obstructions in levelling, as in a # long walke when you have the two ends found and marked, (either # with a supposed or true level) and cannot see betwixt, to do it # exactly by reason of length: here two may go to the midle or near it, # where you may conveniently see both ends, looking back and fore, # there drive in two stakes near the length of the long straight Rules # distance, at which hold on the Rule, and let one view alongst the same till the marke at the West-end be level therewith, and # the

other towards the East till the marke there be also level with # the same; so both may alter up or down till they have their # desires at once: then fix the Rule, and having as many stakes set as is # needfull, you may view backsight and foresight hereon, and level them all exactly. 5. But if a Wall, a House, &c. Intercept, measure # perpendicular exactly up to the top thereof, and on the other side measure down the same again; and so set foreward the level, but so as # it may communicate with the rest, when obstructions are removed. But if a Hill, go to the Top, set the Rule level, and # laying ane eye thereto, cause one with a long pole go down till its Top # be level therewith (he holding it level by a Plumb Rule) then descent your stations and set the upper-end of the Rule where the pole # stood, there level it and do as before: thus from station to station # to the foot of the Hill, (if it be so great) keeping compt in a # Note-book what poles and parts; the which may be as easily taken down # the other side by the same method. But if it be possible to see over the obstruction on 3 # footed standing leathers by help of long poles or Pikes, (as I have done in # the like case) raise your level thereon, and having viewed, and # marked that on the other side, measure down the same there, &c. 6. I might here speak of the solidity of earth, whereby you # may move readily compt the expence of levelling, but having shew'd # in the next Chap. Sect. 5. How to measure solids, I presume its # applicable to earth: (as well as Timber, Stone, &c.) For if you know the breadth, length, and deepth thereof, you may find how many solid Ells, &c. And if you know how many Ells and parts will load a cart and how many carts a day, you may go near to # calculat the cost of the whole. 7. In levelling any ground for Kitchen ground, Orchards, or Nurseries, take not away its good earth of surface, (as you # bring down the hights) but alwayes turn over the upper-part thereof behind you, carrying away that which is below, so much deeper, that it may contain that surface, and put the bad earth in # bottom of hollowes with better mould above it.

In the practise of levelling (or other workes) contrive the # working, so as there may be still a motion amongst all the partes; and albeit carts are cheaper for levelling than Wheell-barrowes, # if the way of carriage be not very short, yet if you do not set as # many men to fill the carts as may have the one full against the other # come in and no more, you lose considerably: and this will be according # to the distance of carriage, or as the earth is capable of being wrought; and so with Wheell-barrowes for two Wheellers, three barrowes, and one filler sometimes doth well, sometimes more # fillers or fewer Wheellers, yet still let them have a led barrow. And if this could be done with carts also, it would be of great # Advantage. wherefore in my opinion there is no way so probable to worke # this effect, as the carts with three Wheells where by 2. men, with # 2. of them carts, and one Horse can do as much as three Men, two Horses, and 2 Carts: for one man to fill the led Cart, the # other Man to drive the one Horse: and when he comes in, he has # nothing to do but take the Trases and Hooks off the empty Cart and put upon the rings of the full one and so drive on. This Cart has no Trams or Limbers, but a Swingle-Tree or Breast-board # before, where the rings that keeps the trasses are:. it has a handsome folding body, the thrid Wheell is about 30 Inches Diameter all # Iron and Runs in a Shiers of the same fastned perpendicular under # the midle of the forebreast with a turning Pin of Iron; the other # two Wheells are common, but if they have an Iron Axis, the better. 8. To bring in Water in Pipes to your Houses, Courts, # Gardens, Pondes, Parks, &c. Consider on the level, for as the place where you convey it unto, must allwayes be lower than the # Fountain from whence it comes, else thither it cannot flow: so must you take notice that no Hill in the way of its conveyance be so # high as the Fountain it self. You may find the level by placing your # Instrument at the Well or Fountain, as I directed in walkes, and if a Hill intercept that sight, plant on the Top thereof, that by # backsight and foresight you may find the difference, that hence you may know whither you can carry it about the obstruction: but # if

the distance be farr, you need to be the more exact. As for # Instrument, the cross discribed Chap. 3. whose sights may be two Prospect Glasses, may do well whither for one or many stations. Let one stand at the Spring-head, another betwixt and the place # whereunto you desire to carry the Water, a large distance sundry, but so as a thrid man about the midle may see both their Marke-boards that is on their Pikstaves, and direct them to hold level by # his back and foresight, desiring them to keep accompt what foot and # parts: and so come foreward till the assistant at the well plant # where the foremost stood, and thus proceed all in a straight line, and # do as before, from station to station so long as needfull. at length # add all the measures of back-stations together, and all of the # fore-stations: substract the one from the other, and the remainders gives the difference of levels betwixt the Fountain and the # appointed place. Allow to the fall of the Water for every 1000 foot in # length 12 Inches slop at least.

[}CHAP. V.}] [}HOW TO PROPAGATE, AND ORDER FRUIT-TREES.}] 1. The only Fruits for this Countrey are Aples, Pears, # Cherries, Plumes, (and Apricocks, and peaches at Southside of walls,) Currans, Goosberries, Rasberries, &c. Before I begin, I shall premise some observations on # Graffing, &c. a sure means to obtain Fruits of the desired species, and that # in short time: for by taking the twig or bud of such a sort as is # a good fruit, and bears well, and Graff or Inoculate into a # proper stock, you ar sure to have the same fruit; because the Graff # dominires, albeit it may have a little smack of its stock whereon now Graffed. And you may expect fruit, because it may actually have the fruit buds, as being taken from a bearing tree. But if you sow the seed, they will be long e're they come to bear, # and at length perhaps bring to fine fruit, and for the seed of # Graffed Trees, they will not bring the same fruit; Pears, and Aples # will rather bring a Fruit of the nature of the stock, whereupon they have been graffed; and although you should take a Cyon of the same, and graff in its self, that will not alter the Fruit, # nor better the Tree, except a little check its aspiring, which may as well be effected by pruning. Wee can also be sure of the desired fruit, by cuttings, # layings, and circumposition; but such are allwayes Dwarfish and short # lived Trees, as wanting a main Root which all seedlings have. Hence ariseth one reason, why stocks should be raised from the seed. Suckers are not so clean and lustie; therefore not so # able to nurse the graffs, and they are apt to send Suckers again. # Only I look upon plum Suckers as very good, because when they Spring off a Root at a distance from the stem, they strick good Root of themselves, very much resembling seedlings. Moreover you may

graff on a Root or a stock Sprung off that Root as in Chap. I. Sect. 4. & 8. which is near equal to a seedling. The seed of crabs, or wild Aples, and pears, may be fit to make stocks of such Trees designed for the fields, or more # Rugged grounds; but for a cultivated soil I would choice the seeds of finer fruits. And so the great White-plum is the best stocks # for Apricocks, or for want thereof any other White-plum with great shoots, albeit it doth on any plum: but we reject it self for # a stock, as being too spongie and not so durable. But Peaches and nectarins, takes only best upon Peach stocks, so cherries on geens, and Plumes upon plumes. Goosberries, and currans, needs not graffing; they do well # by Suckers, layers, and cuttings. To make Dwarfe Aples, Graff or bud on the paradise or any that hath Burry-knots, Codlings, Redstracks, &c. Dwarfe Pears on the Quince: but no Pear holds well on it (that I have tryed,) save Red Pear Achans and longavil; but you may re-graff for varieties. And if you be very curious for these stocks (which I am not) you may cut them at the Spring, when ready for graffing, within 2 Inches of the # ground, and at (^August^) come twelve moneths Inoculate in that young # shoot, and perhaps they will prosper the better, but I think graffing # in the Roots of Pears, will produce Dwarfs. Dwarfe-cherries on the morella, or on the common Red # cherrie, Or on that Red geen spoken of in Chap. 3. Sect. 2. which is more Dwarffish than the black. 2. The mellow, warme and light ground is for fruits; and allthough the best, warmest and lightest land, yields most # excellent corn, yet the strong, stiff, cold, moist yields not so good fruits, plants, Grass, Hay, &c. Aples affect a pretty rich # loamy soil, tho they will bear in clay mixt with lym, dung, and # Turff. Pears will prosper well enough where the soil is mixt with # Gravel. But both Aples and Pears are better relished in warme grounds that are not over moist, than in cold and wet: yet there be # some grounds hath sweet moisture, others soure; Which last is very # bad,

and therefore must be helped by draining and application of # proper Medicine, see Chap. 2. Cherries, Plumes, Apricocks, Peaches affect a light, sharp soil throughly prepared and mixed with Rotted manures. As to their propagation, By Graffing are Aples, Pears, Cherries, Plumes, Quince, Medlar, Wallnut, Chesnut, Filbeard, Service, &c. By Inoculation or budding ar Apricocks, Peaches, # Nectarines, Almond, Goosberries, Currans, Aples, Pears, Plumes, Wallnuts, &c. By Suckers, are Currans, Goosberries, Barrberries, # Rasberries, Quince, Vine, Fig, Mulberrie; its the white that feeds the Silk-worme: But that's to little purpose here. By layers and circumposition are all sorts. By cuttings are currans, Goosberries, Vine, Quince, Aples, especially these with Burrie-knots. By Nuts and Stones are Wallnuts, Chesnuts, Filbeards, # Almond, Peach, Plum, Cherrie. By Kirnells or seeds are Aples, Pears, Quince, Goosberries, Currans, Barberries, Vine, Mulberrie, &c. I have told whereupon to Graff Aples, Pears, Cherries, # Plumes, Apricocks, Peaches; and as for the Quince you may Graff it on it self or on the Hawthorn, Almonds on it self, Medlars on # Pears, or on the Service, Filbeards on the Hassell; Service, Wallnut, Chesnut, Goosberrie, Curran, all on their own Kind. 3. In raising the stocks observe that, Aple, and Pear seed, must be separate from the Fleshy # substance and spread to dry a little especially the Cyder-marie, left it # heat; you may roll it in Sand to help the separation: keep it in a # couch of dry Sand till Winter pass, then sow them as soon as the frosts are over; they come up that season. For raising Cherries or Greens see Chap. 3. Sect. 2. Peach, # Plum, and Almond-Stones must be used in all cases as Cherries, only # you may break the Peach Stones.

Use the Quince-seed as Aples. As for the rest, I have # shewed how they are increased in the last Section, and how to # performe the several wayes in Chap.I. But you must prepare a seminary and nurserie, as before for Forrest-trees, see Chap. 3. Sect. I. sow every species by # themselves, keep them clean of weeds, and the next or second year after # the seeds rise, if they shoot lustily, (draw out the biggest # first) transplant them into the nurserie in single rowes 2 foot intervall, and # half a foot in the rowes, for conveniency in hawing, graffing, pruning, # &c. and observe to prun Root and side-branches in planting, as I # directed with Forrest-trees; only when you have got them to a # convenient hight for graffing, you may cut their tops to make their # bodies swell the sooner, albeit this be not permitted with # Forrest-trees. However graff and inoculat, while the stocks are young, e're # they be an Inch Diameter, and they will sooner heal the wound: let them have a years settlement in the nurserie before you graff; # but you may inoculat that same insuing summer after planting, # especially if they be very free and lustie. Next year after graffed, # remove them to a wider distance, (^viz.^) 3 foot one way and a foot # the other. Prun there Roots at every removal, and enter a pruning, that # they may provide for a well shapen head, cut them near now while young, if you would have all their branches of an equal # greatness, and of order proper, as anon I shall inform you. In setting your stocks in the nurserie, I presume you will # set every kind by themselves (^i.e.^) Pears with Pears, and Aples with # Aples, &c. And when you graff or bud, write down in your nurserie-book # their species as they stand, (^viz.^) begin at the end of such a # nurserie, and say the first row is graffed, with such a sort and so furth: and # if you have more than one in a row, then set in a stake betwixt each # species, and so write thus, from such an end of such a row; to the first # stake is so many of such a sort or species; thence to the second stake so # many of another, &c. 4. When you transplant Fruit-Trees into orchards, do, as I directed with Forrest-trees in groves; plant not deep, neither

trench too deep; but tempt the roots by baiting the surface # with dungs to make them run ebb within the reach of the Sun and shoures. Therefore mix the Earth in the holes (which should be 6 or 8 foot diameter) with Rotted neats dung and Earth well turned, sweetned and Prepared as in Chap: 2. Cover, delve, and haw their bulks as in Chap. 3. Sect. 3. and for further # improving and keeping your Fruit-trees in good case, see Sect. 6. of # this Chapter, prune their roots at every removal, as Forrest-trees, # (experience forbids me to make exception of the Peach or any other, as some doth) And proportion their heads to their Roots by # pruning: but here note, that forrest-trees are train'd up high bodies # and unlopt heads, so Fruit-trees with low bodies, their heads lopt # and branches topt; therefore easily proportion'd, as aforesaid. Standards of 4 years old, may be planted out of nurseries # into Orchards, Wall-trees of 2 years old. The season of the year is as soon as they give over growing; # (if the leaves be not off, cut them, saving a little tail of their # stalks) its true you may plant any time in Winter, weather open, but rather let the frosts be over, and the spring Approaching, if # you have missed the fore-end of Winter, which is the better season. For standards are Aples, Pears, Cherries, Plumes, # Goosberries, Currans, Barberries, Quince, Wallnut, Chesnut, Filbeards, Service: But I think all these deserves not a place in the orchard. For Walls are Apricocks, Peaches, Nectarines, Almond, Vine, Fig, Currans, Aples, Pears, Cherries, Plumes, &c. But you need not take up much with Almond, Vine, Fig, nor Nectarine. On the south side of the Wall plant Apricocks, Peaches, # Nectarines, Vine, &c. On the east and west sides Cherries, Plumes, Aples, Pears, &c. On the north side Plumes, some Pears, as great Bargamot, some Aples, Currans especially, and Rasps, &c. When you elect them in the nurserie, hang sticks tyed at # them

figured, and write the same figure on the Paper at their name to distinguish their species; and afterwards being planted # write them, as they stand. 5. Begin betimes to prune your Fruit-trees, spare them not while young: reduce them into a good shape, and order while # such; so will they not only Soon over-grow the wounds, their branches being but small, but also when they should come to bear fruit, you shall not need to cut so much, only purge them of superfluities; and this is the way to make Trees Fruitful as # well as pleasant. Some Ignorants are against pruning, suffering their Trees # to run and Ramble to such a head of confusion, as neither bears # well nor fair: for the root is not able to maintain such, farr less fruit too; and therefore are their fruit so small and # Imperfect; in the mean time the Tree spends its strength, and so cannot # live long, nor make good service in their time, yea somtimes the # Root is not so much as able to bear such monstrous heads; I know one windy day prostrate above half a score such in a little # orchard. Others again that are for pruning usually runs on the other extream, by cutting too much, and untimely; and some sparing what they should cut, and cutting such as they ought to spare: but the general errour even amongst the learned is, that they spare them while they should prune, (^viz^) : the very # first and second year in special, yea the first 5 or 6 years; and # then they fall a massackering: at which time the branches being growen # some of them greater than other, who now runs away with all the nourishment from the smaller; insomuch that no man can reduce them to order again, having thus neglected the time. Albeit you should endevour it by cutting deep, or exterminating these great branches, which I confess is the next remeed; but then as these wounds brings cankers, hollowness, &c. so doth the work retard their bearing fruit. And indeed its about the time that Trees ordinary begin to bear fruit, that these unskilful

men begin to prune: and the more they are thus cut in the # head, the more they spring out to wood, and the less fruit they bear. But experience has taught me to begin, While young. And when you do begin consider on the hight of the body, (for as high trees are unprofitable, so too low Trees in # orchards are inconvenient) for Aple and Pear standards two or three foot, plume and cherrie 3 or 4 foot, Dwarff and Wall-trees # half a foot; there cut the top that Runs Straight upwards, making # it to spread out in branches round. suffer no branch to aspire # beyond other in hight, nor any to cross, Rub, or gall one another; and whatever branch or twig you cut off, cut close and clean # by the body or branch (except in the case of old Trees and great # branches as I observed in pruning Forrest-trees) and in toping of branches cut close and smooth Immediatly above a leaf bud, # slanting upwards. And when you prun, spare the fruit buds (the full ones are them) except you see them too many; then purge by the Knife. likewayes if afterwards you find more fruit knotted # than the Tree can be able to nurse to perfection, thin them in time. But your first work is to proportion the head to the Root, # by pruning; cut the tops at a convenient hight, that the Tree may # grow equally furnished round; for cutting as it diminisheth, so it # forms and shapes the head, insomuch as it furnisheth with new young shoots, that may be train'd, as you please. Standards should have but four arms breaking out for a # head, opening equally round, these divided into branches, and again # subdividing into twigs. & that you may the better understand what to cut, you may stand under, go about, look up through the tree where # you may espy superfluities: keep them clear, void, open within # like a bell and level on the top. make some larger opens towards the the south for Sun-beams entrance; let no branch grow cross # through the heart nor shoot spring up therein; (minding alwayes to prun such as cross, Rubs and galls other as above is noted) & any # branches, shoots, or twigs that grows not the way you would have them cut them at the place whence you think they will send furth # shoots

which may lead the way you desire them: cut close, smooth, and slanting at the back of a leaf bud tending that way; by this I # bring Trees to order. Wall-Trees especially should be cut near, while young, that they may send furth a thicket of small shoots for furnishing # your walls from the bottom, equally: and if you continue to top # them every year at a convenient hight (perhaps about half a foot # above the last) that will make them shoot all their branches of an # equal uniformity of greatness, hight, and thickness, so that no long, bair or naked branch be seen there, neither one or two great # and all the rest starved small; the common fault of our wall # Trees, and is occasioned through neglecting to cut while young even the # first year, as is said above. But albeit a Tree right begun and so going on, yet one # years neglect or wrong pruning may spoil it: for as I was once pruning wall Trees, an Ingenious person standing by, said I cut them too # low, alleadging thereby, the wall should be long uncovered, desiring me to cut them a little higher: I told him, that was wrong, but for to satisfie him I did cut 2 of them about 8 or 9 # Inches higher than I designed or should have don. The next year these two Trees left about a foot naked round, and above the same crown'd like nests while the rest was equally and orderly # furnished; when he beheld this, his minde was changed, and I obleidged to cut exactly where I should have don the precedent year: which was now a little below the midle of the naked place, and # this did put them several years behind the rest of bearing fruit. You may nail them at midsummer that year of planting, and so continue to do at the seasons herafter discribed: prepare # double plancher-nails and tags of hats, (which is better than # leather) shape the tags about half Inch broad, and betwixt 3, 4, and 5 Inches long, making a gash with the Knife near the ends by # folding, to put through the nail; then spread the Tree, laying, plying, & nailing every individual branch by it self, all at # equal distances from other, not close in one place and wide in another,

and let non cross other, the superfluous and these that will # not ply easily, and the exuberant or lustie that Robs the rest, # must be cut away. Well plyed Trees will appear like apricocks; train, spread, # except these on a low wall, which you may cause lean all one way, as half of the other: drive the nail but half way in, and on # the upperside of the branch, else it will lean and gall; at every nailing alter the old nails and beware of pinching tags, &c. The time for pruning old planted and hardie Trees, is any time betwixt the leaf falling and the Spring, but let the # frosts be over before you prune the new planted young and tender, and before the sap rise, otherwayes the frosts will penetrate the # wounds and make a sore: but if you must cut before the frosts, # because their heads may be obnoxious to the winds, (such are ordinarly the new planted standards) then yow may cut a little, and at Spring cut off these pieces left cleanly, as before is noted. # Also let the frosts be over before you prune your Wall-trees and # before they bud; only I use to let peaches bud furth a little e're I prune them, otherwayes pieces of their branches somtimes # perish after the Knife. And besides, that you must rub off all unnecessary buds, # and pull up suckers and weeds from the Roots, you must also give # all your Trees a midsummer pruning, (which is ordinarly the end of (^June^) & beginning of (^July^) ) a good time to cut any # shoots of this year; any shoots or buds as tend not only to the deforming your # Trees, but Robs them of that sap, which may be otherwayes spent in # nursing the Tree and its fruits, (but the spring is the time of # croping or cutting their tops untill the wall be covered, then crop at # both seasons) thin & purge gently to let in the Sun, but not to scorch the # fruit. this is also the time of furnishing your Trees with pedastools # or Bearers: therefore in repruning, save as many of the likelyest # shoots, as ar well placed, and cut them at the 3d or 4th bud from the # Tree; but cut quit off the lustiest and greatest of this years # (which Ignorants do spare) & nail up such as are for filling up the defects of # the wall.

You may go through them in harvest and purge the fruit of superfluous leaves which hinders the Sun: but do it so, as # there may be leaves sufficient to screen the fruit, and cut quit off # the lustie shoots of this second Spring, that Robbs the Tree and # fruit. As for goosberrie and curran standards, train them to a # foot stem with a handsome round but thin head: these at Walls half a foot stem with a well spread head supported with Rodes layed cross, fastned with nails and tags. Rasps may be in shadowy # bordures or beds a foot distance, kept clean Suckers, weeds, and dead wood. But because some years in some places we have ripe Grapes, especially that we have under the name of Frontinak: therefore # if you think a Tree or two of them worth your while, plant them # at a south Wall in a pure and fine mould, not wet, sour, and # croud, but a light sweet soil mixt with some Cowes dung Rotted in heaps with the mould. Plant ebb and trench not deep; prune them every year, prune low in (^February^) , and at the true # midsummer. Cut off the lustie young shoots and tendralls with sheers betwixt the 2d and 3d Joynt above the fruit; and in (^August^) # purge it of superfluous leaves, but reserve so many as may screen # the fruit a little. There be some sorts of Fruit-Trees that will blow and bear themselves to death, when young or midle aged: For such cut most of the blowing buds, and thin the head to make it shoot again. I got some cherries and other stone fruit from Holland, who tooke this decay: wherefore in the Spring I did cut off the # blowing buds, and the branches near the place where the Tree headed, reserving only some buds for receiving the sap; (in case they # should have put furth at the middle of the body or a little above # ground) this made them shoot to wood. therefore I conclude that by # this and delving about, you may help ill-thriving Trees. There be also some Aples and Pears, that will be full of # false bearing buds, that doth not blow; such having got more head

the Roots can well maintain, consequently has not strength # sufficient to spare sap for blossoms, farr less for fruit, which by pruning and thinning the head, and by slitting the bark of the body in the Spring, may be made afterwards to bear well, when they have put furth new shoots at the head. Some Trees there be that will not bear of themselves till # they be old: but if you cut off the head of the shoots as soon as # ever the Spring shoot is over (which is at the true midsummer) and take out some great boughs then, if you minde your time, and do it with discretion, you may force that Tree to put furth # blowing buds, and blow and bear the year following, as I shall informe you in next sect: but, 6. One main business is to inclose your plantations: avoid # planting too deep, too dry, too cold, too moist, and guard your # Orchards from winds by planting two rowes of Forrest-trees, at least round without the Wall, the breadth of a large walk therefrom # with Thickets of the same on the West, North and East, but # especially on the West. (Yet mind regularity) also observe my methode of planting, and pruning and ordering their bulks of 6 or 8 foot # Diameter: but when the Tree growes old and their feeding Roots farr abroad, you cannot reach to feed them with dungs in this # narrow Compass; therefore enlarg it, or otherwayes confine them a # little sooner and hinder their too farr gauding, by digging a Circle # round the Tree perhaps 8 foot Diameter, and cut all the Roots clean # off there, that hath run out, applying fresh and sweet Mould, so # shall they emitt Fibres or feeding roots in thicket, which may be # supplyed with refreshments once in two or three years, as shall be # required. And this cutting the Roots will cause Trees, that are apt to spend more in wood than Fruit, alter there-from, (add this # to the latter-end of the last Section) and the ends of the Roots cut # off, and their buttends raised up a little, will serve as stocks to # Graff upon. When you would enrich your worne out plantations, if the # ground be poor and dry, add well rotten dung prepared and mixt with soil. The Water that soaks from a Dung-hill is excellent: for # it will

follow the Roots and Enrich the Trees. If the ground be cold # and moist, add Pigeons dung or Ashes and soot; which is also # excellent if it be leopared with unskilfull dunging, or by noysome weeds # that grows about such Roots, (where the owner is a sluggard) & # hatches or nests, moles, mice, toads, &c. If you observe the premises, you may prevent their # diseases, such as illthriving, &c. But if you have, or do neglect, and the # diseases be come, as if Cankers or Galls be entered, cut them clean # out, covering the wound with a Plaister of Cowes dung and clay compound; if the bark be pilled by hares, conies or mice, apply a # Plaister of the same; (but better prevent the last three, by swadling the # Trees with Straw or Hay ropes, unloosed in summer and renewed every # Winter, if your fence cannot Guard them.) Illtaken off branches, # broken or rotten branches must be cut off clean and smooth. If any Trees # be bark-bound, (which is the misery of many and especially # Forrest-trees) slit them in the Spring through the bark on both sides with a sharp Knife from the head to the Root, and delve about them, otherwayes raise and plant ebber if too deep; which is the # common cause of this disease together with bad inclosure. If jaundise, cut off the diseased wood; if moss, scrape of # singe it off: but its vain to attempt the cure untill you first remove # the cause; which you will find to proceed from some malignity at # the Roots, whither the disease be Bark-binding, Cankers, &c. And this most commonly by ill-planting (and not inclosing) # as among Clay, Water, impenitrable Gravel, &c. Water must be draineds, it an intollerable evil. Cold clayes, stiff and hard # soil must be trenched and mixed with dungs and soils, often stirred # and fallowed, as above is directed. And if you would have Trees to # prosper, observe their nature, and wherein they most delight; and so apply and help them accordingly. 9. And for destroying of vermine, there is traps for Moles # of several forms, besides you may watch and delve them up with # the spade. And for mice, the traps from (^Holland^) , or for want # thereof, Pots sunk in the Earth (where they haunt) till their mouth be # level

with the surface half full of Water covered with a little # chaff wherein they drown themselves; and so doth Toads, Asps, &c. Cast away the Earth where the ants lodge, supplying its place with stiff # clay. Place Cow-hooves for the woodlice, and erwigs to lodg in all # night, and so scald them early morning. Pour scalding Water in the # nests of Wasps, and hang Glasses of Ail mingled with Hony, where you would not have them frequent. Dash Water on the Trees for Caterpillers, by the Stroups we # get from (^Holland^) . Gather Snails and Wormes, shoot Crows, Pyes, Jayes, and spread Nets before your Wall-Fruit for their # preservation. See the Appendix how to gather and preserve Fruit, and how # to make Cyder, &c. [^SINCLAIR, GEORGE. THE HYDROSTATICS, OR THE WEIGHT, FORCE, AND PRESSURE AND SENSIBLE EXPERIMENTS. TOGETHER WITH .. A SHORT HISTORY OF COAL. EDINBURGH 1672. NATURAL PHILOSOPHY IMPROVEN BY NEW EXPERIMENTS. EDINBURGH 1683. SAMPLE 1: PP. 1.1-21.32 (HYDROSTATICS) SAMPLE 2: PP. 109.21-119.32 SAMPLE 3: PP. 197.1-201.18 (NATURAL PHILOSOPHY) SAMPLE 4: PP. 207.1-217.16 SAMPLE 5: PP. 224.4-227.28^]

[}HYDROSTATICAL THEOREMS, CONTAINING SOME USEFUL PRINCIPLES IN ORDER TO THAT EXCELLENT DOCTRINE, ANENT THE WONDERFUL (^WEIGHT^) , (^FORCE^) , AND (^PRESSURE^) OF THE WATER IN ITS OWN ELEMENT.}] [}THEOREM I. IN AL FLUIDS, BESIDES THE FIRST AND VISIBLE HORIZONTAL # SURFACE, THERE ARE MANY MOE (^IMAGINARY^) , YET REAL.}] Figure I. For the better understanding the following Experiments, it is needful to premit the subsequent Theorems; the first whereof is, that in all Fluid bodies, such as Air, Water, and Mercury, or any other liquid, there is besides the first and visible surface, innumerable moe imaginary, under that first, yet real, as may be seen from the following Schematism, which represents a Vessel full of Water, where besides the first surface

ABCD, there is a second EFGH, and the third IKLM, and so downward, till you come to the bottom. This holds true, not only in Water, but in Air also, or in any other Fluid body whatsoever. I call the under-surfaces imaginary, not because they are not real; for true and real effects are performed by them; but because they are not actually distinguished amongst themselves, but only by the Intellect. [}THEOREM II. IN ALL FLUIDS, AS IT IS NEEDFUL TO CONCEIVE HORIZONTAL PLAINS, SO IT IS NEEDFUL TO CONCEIVE PERPENDICULAR PILLARS, CUTTING THESE PLAINS AT RIGHT ANGLES.}] Figure I. This Proposition is likewise needful for understanding the following Doctrine, anent the Pressure of the Water: for in it, as in all Fluids, though there be not Columes or Pillars actually divided, reaching from the top to the bottom, yet there are innumerable (^imaginary^) , which do as really produce effects by their pressure, as if they were actually distinguished. These (^imaginary^) Pillars are represented in the first Schematism, one whereof is AEINOPQ, the other BFKRT, and so forth. [}THEOREM III. THERE IS A TWOFOLD BALLANCE, ONE (^NATURAL^) , ANOTHER (^ARTIFICIAL^) .}] By the (^Artificial Ballance^) , I understand that which the Mechanicks call (^Libra^) , which Merchants commonly use. By the (^Natural Ballance^) (which for distinctions cause

I so nominat) I mean, (^v.g.^) a (^Siphon^) , or crooked Pipe, wherein water naturally ascends or descends, as high or low in the one Leg, as in the other, still keeping an evenness, or likeness of weight. [}THEOREM IV. FLUID BODIES COUNTERPOISE ONE ANOTHER IN THE (^BALLANCE^) OF (^NATURE^) , ACCORDING TO THEIR (^ALTITUDE^) ONLY.}] This Theorem will appear afterwards most evident, while we pass through the several Experiments; and it is of special use for explicating sundry difficulties that commonly occur in the (^Hydrostaticks^) . The meaning of it is shortly this: while two Cylinders of Water are in the opposite Scales of the (^Natural Ballance^) , they do not # counterpoise one another according to their thickness: for though the one Pillar of Water be ten times thicker, then the other, and consequently heavier, yet is it not able to press up the other, that's more slender, and so lighter, beyond its own hight: and therefore they weigh only according to their (^Altitudes^) . [}THEOREM V. IN ALL FLUIDS THERE IS A PRESSURE.}] Figure I. This is true not only of the Elements of Air, and Water, while they are out of their own place (as they speak) but while they are in it. For Air and Water, being naturally indued with weight, the second foot cannot

be under the first, unless it sustain it: if this be, it must necessarily be prest with its burden. So this Water being naturally a heavy body, the foot I cannot be under E, unless it sustain it, and be prest with the burden of it; the foot N, being burdened with them both, From this Pressure, which is in Air, ariseth a certain sort of force, and power, which may be called (^Bensil^) , by vertue whereof, a little quantity of Air, can expand and spread out it self, to a very large quantity, and may by extrinsick force be reduced to that small quantity again. Though this expansive faculty be evident in Air, yet it is scarcely discernable in Water, unless it be very deep parts, near the bottom, where the Pressure is great. This Pressure is not of the same Degree in all the parts, but is increased and augmented, according to the deepness of the Air, and Water: for the Air upon the tops of Mountains, and high places, is thought to be of less Pressure, then in Valleys: and Water is of a less Pressure, ten or twelve foot from the top, then twenty or thirty. So is the Water N, under a far less Pressure, then the Water, P or Q. [}THEOREM VI. THE PRESSURE OF FLUIDS IS ON EVERY SIDE.}] Figure I. The meaning is, that Air and Water presseth not only downward, but upward, not to the right hand only, but to the left also, and every way. So the foot of water K, not only presseth down the foot R, but presseth up the foot F, yea presseth the foot I, and the foot L, with the same weight. And the first imaginary surface, is as much

prest up, by the water IKLM, as it is prest down by the water EFGH. Upon this account it is, that when a Sphere, or Glob is suspended in the midle of Water, or Air, all the points of their surfaces are uniformly prest. After this manner, are our bodies prest with the invironing Air, and the man that (^dives^) , with the ambient and invironing Water. [}THEOREM VII. ALL THE PARTS OF A FLUID IN THE SAME HORIZONTAL LINE, ARE (^EQUALLY^) PREST.}] Figure I. The meaning is, that the foot I, is no more prest, then the foot K: neither is the foot L, more burdened, then the foot M. The reason is, because each of these feet, sustains the same weight: for EFGH are all of them, of the same burden: therefore all the parts of a Fluid in the same Horizontal surface, are prest most equally. This holds true in Air, and Mercury, or in any other Liquid also. [}THEOREM VIII. THE PRESSURE OF FLUIDS SEEM TO BE ACCORDING TO (^ARITHMETICAL PROGRESSION^) .}] Figure I. The meaning is, that if the first foot of Water, have one Degree of Pressure in it, the second must have only two, and the third must have only three, and so forth,

which appears from the Schematism: for the first foot E, having one Degree of weight, and the second foot I, having of its self as much, and sustaining E, it must have two Degrees, and no more. So the foot N, sustaining two Degrees of Pressure from I and E, must have the weight only of three Degrees, O of four, P of five. It's evident also from Experience, for while by the Pressure of Water, Mercury is suspended in a glass tub, we find, that as the first fourteen inches of Water, sustains one inch of Mercury, so the second fourteen inches sustains but two, and the third, but three. But if the Pressure were according to (^Geometrical progression^) , the third foot of Water ought to sustain four inches of Mercury, the fourth, eight; the fifth, sixteen, (^&c.^) which is contrary to Experience. [}THEOREM IX. IN ALL FLUIDS THERE IS A TWOFOLD WEIGHT, ONE (^SENSIBLE^) , THE OTHER (^INSENSIBLE^) .}] The first is common to all heavy bodies, which we find in Water, while we lift a Vessel full of it from the ground. The (^Insensible weight^) of Water, and Air, or of any other Fluid, can scarcely be discerned by the senses, though it be as real, as the former, because the Pressure is uniform. By vertue of the second, bodies naturally lighter than Water, are driven from the bottom to the top, as (^Cork^) . So, a man falling into a deep Water, goes presently to the bottom, and instantly comes up again. Here is a natural effect, which cannot want a natural cause; and this can be nothing else, but the Pressure of the Water, by vertue whereof he comes up, and yet he finds nothing

driving him up, or pulling him up. Therefore, there is in all Fluid bodies, an (^Insensible^) weight, as # there is one (^Sensible^) ; seing the man that (perhaps) weighs # seventeen Stone, is driven up fifteen or sixteen fathom by it. And it must be very considerable, and exceed the weight of the man, seing it is able to overcome such a weight. So are vapours and smoke driven upward by the (^Insensible weight^) of the Air, and by that same weight, do the Clouds swim above us. [}THEOREM X. THE INSENSIBLE WEIGHT OF FLUIDS, IS ONLY FOUND BY SENSE, WHEN THE PRESSURE IS NOT UNIFORM.}] For understanding of this Proposition, I must suppose somethings that are possible, but not practicable. Put the case then, while a man opens his hand, the Air below were removed, he would scarce be able to sustain the weight of the Air, that rests upon the Palm above: or if the Air above were annihilated, he would not be able to bear down the weight that presseth upward. Or, while a (^Diver^) is in the bottom of the Sea, if it were possible to free any one part of his body from the Pressure of the Water, suppose his right arm, I doubt not, but the blood would spring out in abundance from his finger-ends: for the arm being free, and the other parts extremly prest, the blood of necessity must be driven from the shoulder downward, with force, which cannot be without considerable pain. It is evident also, from the application of the (^Cuppin-glass^) , which being duely applied to a mans skin, causeth the Air to press unequally, the parts without,

being more prest, than the parts within, in which case the unequal Pressure causeth the pain, and so is found by sense. [}THEOREM XI. A CYLINDER OF WATER, OR OF ANY OTHER FLUID BODY, LOSETH OF ITS WEIGHT, ACCORDING TO ITS RECLINATION FROM A (^PERPENDICULAR^) POSITION, TOWARDS AN (^HORIZONTAL^) OR LEVELL SCITUATION.}] For understanding of this, consider that while a Pipe full of Water stands perpendicular, the lowest foot sustains the whole weight of the Water above it: but no sooner you begin to recline the Pipe from that Position, but assoon the Pressure upon the lowest foot grows less; So that if the lowest foot, in a perpendicular position, sustained the burden of ten feet, it cannot sustain above five or six, when it is half reclined. A certain evidence whereof is this, the more a Cylinder of Water is reclined towards the Horizon, or Level, it takes the shorter Cylinder of Water to counterpoise it, as is evident in # (^Siphons^) . For, though the one Leg, be sixteen inches long, and the other but six; yet a Cylinder of Water six inches long, will counterpoise a Cylinder of sixteen. But this cannot be, unless an alteration be made in the Pressure. For, how is it possible, that a Cylinder of Water can sometimes be in (^aequilibrio^) with a lesser, and sometimes with a greater weight, unless the Weight, and Pressure of it, be sometimes more, and sometimes less? When I say a Cylinder of Water loseth of its weight by reclination, it is to be understood only of the (^Insensible Weight^) : for

the (^Sensible Weight^) is unchangeable, seing it is alwayes a Pillar of so many inches, or feet. Now the true reason, why the Pressure upon the lowest foot grows less, is this; the more the Pipe is reclined, the more weight of the Cylinder rests upon the sides of the Pipe within; by which means, the lowest foot is eased of the burthen, and is altogether eased, when once the Pipe lyes Horizontal. [}THEOREM XII. ALL MOTION IN FLUIDS, IS FROM THE UNEQUAL PRESSURE OF THE HORIZONTAL SURFACE.}] Figure I. For understanding this, I must distinguish a twofold motion in Fluids; one (^common^) , another (^proper^) , by vertue of the first, they incline, as all other heavy bodies, to be at the center of the Earth. It is evident in the motion of Rivers, which descend from the higher places to the # valleys, even by vertue of that tendency they have to be at the (^center^) . By vertue of the second, they incline to move every way; not only downward, but upward, hither and thither. This sort of motion is peculiar, and proper only to Fluids; and it is that which is spoken of this Theorem. I say then, that all motion in Fluids, is from the unequal Pressure of the Horizontal surface. For put the case A, were more prest then B, (^e.g.^) with a stone, then surely # as the part A descends, the other part B will ascend, and so will C and D rise higher too. Suppose next, the part A were fred of the Pressure of the Air, then surely in the same instant of time, would the part A ascend, and the parts BCD descend. As this Proposition is true in order

to the first and visible surface ABCD; so it is true in order to the (^imaginary^) surface IKLM; for put the case the space I, were filled with a body naturally heavier then Water, as lead or stone, then behoved that part of the surface to yeeld, it being nore prest, then the part of the same surface K. Or if the space K were filled with a body naturally lighter then water, as Cork, then ought the water R to ascend, it being less prest, then the water N or S. [}THEOREM XIII. A BODY NATURALLY HEAVIER THEN WATER, DESCENDS; AND A BODY NATURALLY LIGHTER, ASCENDS.}] Figure I. For understanding of this, let us suppose the quadrat space E, to be filled with a piece of Lead or Iron. I say then it must go down to I; and the reason is, because the quadrat foot of Water I, is more pressed then the quadrat foot of Water K. To illustrat this, let us suppose that each quadrat foot of this Water weights a pound, and that the heavy body existing in E, weights two pound. If this be, the foot of Water I, must yeeld, seeing it is more prest then K: upon the same account must the Water N yeeld, and give way to the Stone, seeing it is more prest then R. For according to the twelfth Theorem, (^There cannot be unequal Pressure upon a surface, unless motion follow^) . For understanding the second part, let us suppose the space R, to be filled with a piece of Cork, that is # specifically or naturally lighter then Water. I say then, it must ascend to the top B; and the reason is, because the quadrat foot of Water K, is more prest upward, then the

quadrat foot of Water I, or L is: but this cannot be in Fluid bodies, unless motion follow thereupon. I say, it is more prest up, because R being lighter then N, or S, it must press with greater force upon K, then S can do upon L, or N upon I. It is still to be remembred, (^That Fluids presseth with as much strength upward, as # downward^) , according to the sixth Theorem; and that an Horizontal surface doth as really suffer unequal Pressure from below, as from above. [}THEOREM XIV. BODIES NATURALLY LIGHTER THEN WATER, SWIM UPON THE SURFACE AND TOP.}] Figure I. The reason of this Proposition must be taken from the nature of an (^equipondium^) , or equal weight. For without doubt, there is a counter-ballance between the Pressure of the Water, and the weight of the body that swims. To make this probable, let us suppose there were a piece of Timber in form of a Cube, six inches thick every way, without weight. In this case, the under-surface of that four-squar'd body, being applied to the surface of the Water A, would ly closs upon it, as one plain Table lyes upon the face of another, without any pressure: and it being void of weight, the part of the surface A, would be nor more burdened, then the next part B adjacent, whence no motion would follow. Here is no (^equipondium^) , or counter-ballance. Secondly, let us suppose the said body to acquire two ounces of weight, then it follows, that it must subside, and sink two inches below the surface ABCD; and that

so far, till it come by vertue of its new acquired weight, to a counter-ballance with the Pressure of the Water. Which Pressure is nothing else, but as much force or weight, as is equivalent to the weight of Water, that is thrust out of its own place, by the subsiding and sinking of that body, two inches. Thirdly, let us suppose the same body to acquire other two ounces of weight, then must it subside other two inches. Lastly, let us suppose that it acquires six ounces of weight, then it follows that the whole body sinks, so far, I mean, till its upmost surface be in an (^Horizontal # line^) with the surface of the Water ABCD. Here it swims also, because the weight of it becomes just the weight of so much Water, as it hath put out of its own place. I say, it must swim, because if the Water I, was able to sustain the Water E, which is put from its own place, surely it must be able to sustain that body also, that did thrust it from its own place, seing both are of the same weight, namely six ounces. In this case, the body immerged, and the water wherein it is drowned, become of the same weight (^specifically^) , seing bulk for bulk is not the same weight. To make this body (^specifically^) , or naturally # heavier then Water, and consequently to sink to the bottom, nothing is required, but to suppose that it acquires one ounce more of weight, which done, it presently goes down, I, being nore burdened then K. Note by the way, a twofold weight in heavy bodies, one (^individual^) , the other (^specifick^) , and that two bodies agreeing in # (^individual^) weight, may differ in (^specifick^) weight. So a pound of Lead, and a pound of Cork, agree (^individually^) , because they are both 16. ounces: but they differ (^specifically^) , because the one is naturally heavier then the other.

[}THEOREM XV NO BODY THAT FLOTS ABOVE WATER, EVEN THOUGH ITS UPPER SURFACE BE LEVEL WITH THE SURFACE OF THE WATER, CAN EVER BE MADE TO SWIM BETWEEN THE TOP AND THE BOTTOM.}] Figure I. For clearing this Proposition, let us suppose F to be a four-square piece of Timber, of the same (^specifick^) and natural weight with Water, and consequently its upper surface to be level with the surface of the Water ABCD. I say then, if it be prest down to R, it shall arise thence, and never rest till it be where it was, namely in F. The reason seems to be this, because the four-squar'd body of Water R, is really heavier, then the four-squar'd piece of Timber F. If this be true, it follows of necessity, that it must ascend: for if the Timber existing in R, be lighter than Water R, the Water T must be less prest, then the Water O, or the Water V; whence (according to the twelfth Theorem) (^motion must follow^) . Again, if the Timber R, existing in # the Water R, be lighter then the same Water is, then must the Water K, be more prest up then the Water I, or L; whence yet, according to the same Theorem, (^motion must follow^) . If it be said, that the Timber F, is of the same weight with the Water R, because, it being equal in weight with the Water F, which it hath thrust out of its own place, it must also be equal in weight to the Water R, seeing F and R being of the same dimensions, are of the same weight. There is no way to answer this difficulty, unless I say the four-squar'd body of water R, is really and truly heavier then the four-squar'd body of Water F. The

reason seems to be, because the Water R, is under a greater Pressure, then the Water F; and by vertue of this greater Pressure, there are really (^moe parts^) of Water in # it, then in F; therefore it must be heavier. Even as there are far moe parts of Air, in one cubick foot near the (^Earth^) , # then in six or seven near the (^Atmosphere^) . Hence it is, that a pint of Water taken from the bottom of the Sea, fourty fathom deep, will be heavier, I mean in a ballance, then a pint taken from the surface. Take notice, that when the vessel in once full at the bottom, the orifice must be closely stopped, till it come to the top: otherwise the parts that are compressed at the bottom, namely by the weight of the superiour parts, relaxes themselves, before they come to the top. [}THEOREM XVI. IT IS NOT IMPOSSIBLE FOR A BODY TO BE SUSPENDED BETWEEN THE (^SURFACE^) AND THE (^BOTTOM^) .}] Figure I. For understanding this, suppose F to be a four-square piece of Timber, which though it will not rest but at the surface, ABCD, yet may be made to go down of its own accord, and rest at T, namely, by making it so much heavier, as the Water T is heavier then the Water F. To know this difference, which is not very practicable; the cube of Water T, must be brought from its own place, under the same degree of Pressure it hath, and put into the Scale of a Ballance, and weighed with the Cube of Water F, put into the other Scale. Now if the Water T, be half an ounce heavier, then the Water F, then to make the Timber F hing in T, it must be made half on ounce heavier. There seems to be reason for it also; for if a

Cube of Timber resting in the space T, be just the weight of the Water T, the (^imaginary^) surface OTV, is no more prest, then if T were Water, and so it cannot go down-ward: neither can it go upward, seing the under part of the Water R, is no more prest up by the Timber T, then if the space T were filled with Water. If is be said, # according to this reasoning, a Stone may be suspended in a deep Water, between the top and the bottom, which is absurd. I answer, such a thing may happen in a very deep Water: For put the case a Cube of Lead twelve inches every way, were to go down twelve thousand fathom, it is probable, it would be suspended before it came to the ground. For coming to an (^imaginary^) surface far down, where the Pressure is great, a Cube of Water twelve inches thick there, may be as heavy (even (^specifically^) ) as the Cube of Lead is, though the Lead be ten times heavier (^specifically^) , # then any foot of Water at the top. If Water suffer compression of parts, by the superiour burden; it is more then probable, that the second foot of Water burdened with the first, hath moe parts in it, then are in the first, and # the thrid moe, then in the second, and so forth; and consequently, that the second is heavier, then the first, and the third heavier, then the second. Now, if this be, why may not that foot of Water, that hath sixty thousand foot above it, by vertue of this burden, be so comprest, that in it may be as many parts, as may counter-ballance a Cube of Lead twelve inches every way? If then, that # (^imaginary^) surface, that is sixty thousand foot deep, be able to sustain the said foot of VVater, which perhaps weighs twenty pound, why may it not likewise sustain the Lead, that is both of the same dimensions with it, and weight?

Hence it is, that the Clouds do swim in the Air, by vertue of a counter-ballance: And we see, which confirms this Doctrine, that the thinnest and lightest are alwayes farthest up; and the thickest and blackest, are alwayes farthest down. [}THEOREM XVII. THE LOWER THE PARTS OF A FLUID ARE, THEY ARE THE HEAVIER, THOUGH ALL OF THEM BE OF EQUAL QUANTITY AND DIMENSIONS.}] Figure I. This follows from the former, which may appear a Paradox, yet it seems to be true: for though the Water Q at the bottom, be of the same dimensions with the Water E at the top, yet it is really heavier, which happens (as I said) from the superiour Pressure. It is clear also from this, namely the Cube of Timber E, which swims upon the surface, being thrust down to Q, comes up to the top again, which could not be, unless the Water Q, were heavier than the Water E. I suppose the Water E, and the Timber E, to be exactly of the same (^specifick^) weight, and consequently the surface of the Timber, to ly Horizontal with BCD. Now the reason, why the Timber ascends from Q to E, is no other then this, namely that the one Water is heavier then the other; for the under part of the Water P, being more prest up with the Timber existing in Q, then with the Water Q it self, it must yeeld and give way to the ascent: for if the Cube of Timber existing in Q, were as heavy as the Water Q it self, it would no more press upon P, or endeavour to be up, then the Water Q does.

[}THEOREM XVIII. A HEAVY BODY WEIGHS LESS IN WATER, THEN IN AIR.}] Figure I. This is easily proven from experience; for after you have weighed a stone in the Air, and finds it two pound, and an half, take it, and suspend it by a threed knit to the scale of a ballance and let it down into the Water, and you shall find it half a pound lighter. The question then is, why doth it lose half a pound of its weight? I answer, the stone becomes half a pound lighter, because the surface of Water on which it rests, sustains half a pound of it: For put the case a stone were resting in R, that weighed two pound and an half in the Air, it behoved to weigh but two pound in this Water; because the Water T sustains half a pound of it. For if this Water T be able to sustain the Water R, that weighs half a pound, it must be also able to sustain half a pound of the stone, being half a pound of stone is no heavier, then half a pound of Water. Note, that when a heavy body is weighed in Water, it becomes so much lighter exactly, as is the weight of the Water it thrusts out of its own place. [}THEOREM XIX. A HEAVY BODY WEIGHS LESS NIGH THE (^BOTTOM^) OF THE WATER, THEN NIGH THE TOP THEROF.}] Figure I. For clearing this proposition, I must suppose from the 17. Theorem, that the lower the parts of Water

be, they are the heavier, though all of them be of equal # dimensions. If then the lowest foot Q be heavier, that is, have moe parts in it, then the foot N, it of necessity follows, that a stone suspended in Q, must be lighter then while it is suspended in N or I. Because, if a stone be lighter in Water then in Air, as is said, even by as much, as is the weight of the bulk of Water, that the bulk of the stone expells, then surely it must be lighter in the one, then in the other place; because suspended in Q, it expells moe parts of Water, then while it is suspended in N or I. For example, let us suppose the Water N, to weigh eight ounces, and the Water Q to weigh nine, then must the stone suspended in Q, weigh less by an ounce, then suspended in N, seeing as much is deduced from the weight of the stone, as is the weight of the Water it expells: but so it is, that it thrusts nine ounces of Water out of its own place in Q, and but eight in N or I; therefore it must be one ounce lighter in the one place, then in the other. This may be tried, with a nice, and accurat ballance, which will bring us to the knowledge of this, namely how much the foot of Water Q is heavier, then the Water N or O. [}THEOREM XX. ONE PART OF A FLUID, CANNOT BE UNDER COMPRESSION, UNLESS ALL THE PARTS NEXT ADJACENT, BE UNDER THE SAME DEGREE OF PRESSURE.}] Figure I. This proposition may be proven by many instances: for when the Air of a (^Wind-gun^) , is reduced to less quantity by the Rammer, all the parts are most exactly of the same (^Bensil^) . So is it in a Bladder full of wind. It's

true, not only in order to this artificial Pressure, but in # order to the natural Pressure, and (^Bensil^) of the Air likewise. For the Air within a parlour, hath all its parts, under the same degree of natural compression: so is with the parts of the Air, that are without, and immediatly under the weight of (^Atmosphere^) . Its evident also in the parts of Water: for the foot of Water R, cannot be under Pressure, unless the Water S, and N, be under thee same degree of it. Though this be true of Fluids, while all the parts lye in the same Horizontal surface, yet to speak strictly, it will not hold true of the parts scituated under divers # surfaces; for without question, the foot of the VVater T, must be under four degrees of Pressure, if the VVater R, be under three. And if the Air in the lowest story of a building, be under six degrees of (^Bensil^) , the Air in the highest story must be under five. If a man would distinguish # (^Metaphysically^) , and subtilly, he will find a difference of this kind, not only between the first, and second fathom of Air, nearest to the Earth, but between the first, and second foot; yea, between the first and second inch, and less; much more in Water, as to sense. However it be, yet the Theorem holds true; for we find no difference sensible, between the compression of Air in this room; and the compression of Air in the next room above it, no not with the (^Baroscope^) , or (^Torricellian Experiment^) , that discerns # such differences accurately. I judge it likewise to be true, in order to the next adjacent parts of Fluids of different kinds; for while a surface of Mercury, is burdened with a Pillar of Water, or a surface of Water, with a Pillar of Air, whatever degree of weight and Pressure, is the lowest parts of these Pillars, the same is communicated entirely, to the surfaces, that sustains them. So then, there is as much

force and power, in the surface of any Water, as there is Weight and Pressure, in the lowest foot of any Pillar of Air, that rests upon it: otherwise, the surface of Water would never be able to support the said Pillar: for a surface of six degrees of force, can never be able to sustain a a Pillar of Air, of eight, or ten degrees of weight. [}THEOREM XXI. THE PRESSURE OF FLUIDS, MAY BE AS MUCH IN THE LEAST PART, AS IN THE WHOLE.}] Figure I. This Theorem may seem hard, yet it can be made manifest, by many instances: for albeit the quantity of Air, that fills a Parlour, be little in respect of the whole Element, yet surely, there is as much Pressure in it, as in the whole; because Experience shews, that the (^Mercurial Cylinder^) in the (^Baroscope^) , will be as well sustained in # a Chamber, as without, and under the whole (^Atmosphere^) directly; which could not be, unless the small portion of Air, that's in this Parlour, had as much Pressure in it, as in the whole Element. Besides this, it will be found in a far less quantity: for though the (^Baroscope^) were inclosed, and imprisoned so closs, within a small Vessel, that the Air within, could have no communion with the Air without, yet the Pressure of that very small quantity, will sustain 29. inches of Mercury, and this will come to pass, even though the whole Element of Air were annihilated. This Proposition is likewise evident in order to the Pressure of the Water: for put the case, the (^Baroscope^) , whose Mercurial Cylinder is 29. inches, by the Pressure of the

Air; were sent down to the bottom of a Sea 34. foot deep, within a Vessel, as a Hogs-head, and there exactly inclosed, that the VVater within, could have no commerce with the VVater without, yet as well, after this shutting up, as before, other 29. inches would be sustained, by the Pressure of this imprisoned VVater, which proves evidently, that there is as much Pressure in one Hogs-head full of VVater, at the bottom of the Sea, as in the whole Element of VVater, above, or about: for an Element of VVater never so spacious, if it exceed not 34. foot in deepness, can sustain no more Mercury, then 29. inches by its Pressure. Yea, though the Vessel with the # (^Baroscope^) , and imprisoned VVater in it, were brought above to the free Air, yet will the VVater retain the same Pressure, and will (\de facto\) sustain 29. inches of Mercury, provided the Vessel be kept clos. It is therefore evident, that as much Pressure may be in one small quantity of VVater, as in the whole Element, or Ocean. 'Tis to be observed, that this Theorem is to be understood chiefly of the lower parts of Fluids; seing there cannot be so much Pressure in the VVater P, as in the VVater Q; for in effect, there is as much Pressure in the VVater Q, as is in the whole VVater above it, or about it. From this Theorem, we see evidently, that the Pressure, and (^Bensil^) of a Fluid, is not to be measured, according to its bulk, and quantity, seing there is as much (^Bensil^) in one foot, nay, in one inch of Air, as is in the whole Element, and as strong a Pressure in one foot of VVater, or less, as there is in the whole Ocean: therefore the greatest quantity of Air, hath not alwayes the greatest (^Bensil^), neither the # greatest quantity of VVater, the greatest Pressure. But this will appear more evident afterwards.

[}EXPERIMENT XIII.}] Figure 17, 18, 19. For making this Experiment, take two (^plain^) Bodies of Brass, or Marble well polished. Make them of any quantity; but for this present use, let each of them be four inches broad square wise. Upon the back part, let each one have an handle about six inches long, of the same metal, formed with the (^plain^) it self, in the founding (if they be of Brass) as is represented in this Schematism. When

they are thus prepared, anoint their inner-sides with Oyl or Water, and having thrust the one face alongst upon the other, with all the strength you have, till all the four edges agree, two whereof are represented by AB, and CD, you will find them cleave so clos together, as if they were but one Body. The effect is this, that ordinary strength will not pull them asunder; and that under a surface of Water, a stronger pull is required than in the Air. That we may deduce some (^Hydrostatical^) conclusions from this Experiment, let us suppose these two (^plain^) Bodies to be united in the middle of the VVater IKPQ that's 34 foot deep, and suspended by a beam or long tree TV existing in the Air, near the top of the VVater, by a chord SE passing between the middle of the beam, and the end of the handle at E. Suppose next a great weight of Lead R, 350 pound, to be appended to the end of the handle at H, of the under (^plain^) Body CDNO. This done, I affirm, that the beam TV, neither sustains the under (^plain^) Body CDNOGH, nor the 350 pound weight of lead R, that hangs down from the handle GH. If it be objected, that the beam supports the upper (^plain^) Body ABLMFE; therefore it must bear the weight also of the under (^plain^) CDNOGH, with the weight R; seing they are both united together, and cleave so closs, as if they were but one Body. I answer, it supports the one unquestionably, but not the other. To explicate this (^Hydrostatical^) Mystery, I must aver three things; # first, that the inferior (^plain^) is supported by the upward Pressure of the lower VVater PQNO. Secondly, that the burden which the beam sustains, is not the weight of the under (^plain^) , but the weight of the 34 foot of Water IK LM. thirdly, that this weight is exactly the weight

of the inferior (^plain^) , and Lead R. But is it not more easie to say, that the beam supports both the (^plains^) : I answer, if I say so, I can neither affirm truth, nor speak # consequentially, But may it not be said, that the inferior (^plain^) is supported both by the beam, and the lower water PQNO? I answer, this is impossible; because one and the same weight, cannot be supported totally, by two distinct supporters. For making these assertions evident, I must suppose the superior Water IKLM to be 34 foot deep, and to weigh, if it were put into a ballance, 400 pound: and which is unquestionable, that the said Water rests upon the back of the superior (^plain^) LM. I suppose secondly, that the lower Water PQNO weighs as much, and thrusts up the inferior (^plain^) with as great weight, as the superior (^plain^) is prest down with, by the superior Water. This is evident from former Experiments. And lastly, I suppose each (^plain^) to weigh two pound, and the weight of Lead R 350. It is to be observed here, that no mistake may arise in the calculation afterwards, that though it be said, this 34 foot of Water weighs 400 pound, yet in it felt it, weighs but 200: but considering the Pressure of the Air upon IK, which is as much, it may be truly said to weigh 400. These things premitted, I say the weight that the beam TV sustains, is not the weight of the inferior (^plain^) , and the Lead R, but 352 pound of the superior VVater IKLM, and consequently, that the inferior (^plain^) is supported by the lower Vvater PQNO. The reason is, because the lower VVater presseth up with the weight of 48 pound. It is in it felt 400 pound: but being burdened with 352, it cannot thrust up with more weight than 48. Now, it pressing up with 48, must ease

the beam of 48, and counterpoise so much of the superior VVater, and consequently the beam must support only 352 pound of it. But put the case (you say) the weight R, were 130 pound, 160 pound, or 180 pound, would the beam be less or more burdened with the superior Water? I answer, if R be 130 pound, then the beam supports only 132 pound of the superior Water; for if the inferior be only burdened with 130, the weight of R, and with two the weight of the inferior (^plain^) , then must it press up with 368, and by this means, must ease the beam of so much, it sustaining 132 pound only, According to this compting, when the Lead R weighs 160 pound, the beam supports only 238 pound of the superior Water. If it weigh 180 pound, it sustains 218. And if the weight R were taken away, the beam supports no more of the superior VVater than two pound. To proceed a little further; imagine the two (^Plains^) to be drawn up 17 foot nearer the first surface IK, namely as high as ZW. This done, the union breaks up, and they presently fall asunder. The reason is, because the surface ZW is not able to support 352 pound, but only 300, which I prove thus. If 68 foot sustain 400, then 51 foot must sustain 300. I say 68, and not 34, because as was noted, the Pressure of the Air upon the surface IK, is equivalent to other 34 foot: and therefore though the deepness of this VVater, between IK, and LM be but 34 foot really, yet it is 68 foot virtually, and in effect, Imagine sencondly the surface IK to subside 17 foot, namely to ZW. In this case the union is broken also, and the lower (^Plain^) falls from the upper. The reason of this, is the same with the former; because by what proportion you diminish the hight of the superior VVater, by that

same proportion you diminish the upward. Pressure of the lower VVater. Therefore, if you subtract from the superior VVater 17 foot, that weighs 100 pound, you subtract likewise 100 pound from the inferior VVater, and consequently, you make it press up only with 300, but 300 is not able to counterpoise 352. Let us suppose thirdly, the superior (^Plain^) , and the # superior Water to be annihilated; then I say, the Pressure and force of the under Water would thrust up the inferior (^Plain^) and the weight R about eight foot higher then XY and there suspend them. The reason is, because the surface XY, being able to sustain 400, and being burdened only with 352, must have the weight of 48. Now the upper (^Plain^) being taken away, and the upper Water also, and the empty space of both remaining, the said weight of 48 pound, must carry the under (^Plain^) as high as is said. Let us suppose fourthly, the Pressure of the Element of Air, that rests upon IK, to be taken away, then must the two (^Plain^) bodies be disunited, the inferior # falling from the superior. The reason is, because in this case, the superior Water would have but the weight of 200 pound, and consequently the inferior, would press up only with as much: but 200 is not able to counterpoise 352. From what is said we see first, that in all Fluids there is an upward Pressure, as well as a downward; and that the one is alwayes of equal force to the other: because the # inferior (^Plain^) is pressed up with as great force, as the superior (^Plain^) is pressed down with. We see secondly, that in Fluids, there is a (^Pondus^) and a (^Potentia^) . The # (^Potentia^) here is the inferior Water, and the (^Pondus^) is the superior. Or, the 350 pound of Lead R, may be called the (^Pondus^) , which counterpoiseth the (^Potentia^) of the # surface

of VVater XY. We see thirdly, that though the Pressure of a Fluid, be not the same thing with the natural weight, yet it is equivalent to it: because the 352 pound of Lead R, is sustained by the Pressure of the inferior VVater, which could not be, unless they were virtually the same. We see fourthly, that there may be as much Pressure in one foot of Water, as there is weight in 100, or in 1000 foot, or in 1000 fathom, For put the case, these two plain bodies were suspended, 100 fathom below the surface of the sea, and within a foot or two of the ground, as much weight would be required to pull them asunder, as is the weight of a Pillar of Water 100 fathom high, and 4 inches thick every way, which will be more then 3000 pound weight, besides the weight of the Air above, that will weigh 200 pound. This could not be, unless there were as much Pressure in the lowest foot of this Water, that's 100 fathom deep, as there is weight in the whole Pillar above. We see fifthly, the more the (^potentia^) of a surface is burdened, the more sensible is the (^pondus^) because the heavier you make the Lead R, that burdens the inferior Water, the more weight of the superior Water rests upon the Beam. We see sixtly, the more (^unequally^) a body is pressed, the more the Pressure is (^sensible^) . For understanding this, consider that the under-face of the superior (^Plain^) , is more and less pressed, according to the more and less weight the Lead R is of: for put the case, the inferior (^Plain^) were taken away, the face of the # superior (^Plain^) , would be equally prest with the back of it. But when the inferior (^Plain^) is united to it, the Pressure of # the Water is kept off; by which means the back is prest more than the face. Now, as the inferior (^Plain^) becomes heavier and heavier, by making the weight R more and more

weighty, the less and less is the face of the superior # (^Plain^) prest up. Hence it is, that as this inequality of Pressure becomes greater and greater; so the weight of the superior Water, affects the Beam more and more. Or, if the superior (^Plain^) were a sensible body, as (^Animals^) are, it would find the back of it more and more burdened, according as the weight R, becomes heavier and heavier. We see seventhly, that Water weighs in Water: because all the weight the Beam supports, is the burden of the superior VVater, and not the burden of the inferior (^Plain^) , or of the weight R. It supports the weight also of the superior (^Plain^) , but this is not considerable. This is only to be understood, when the Pressure in unequal; for if the upper (^Plain^) were as much prest up, as it's prest down, the weight of the superior VVater would not be found by the (^Beam^) . We see eighthly, that the higher a surface be, it is the weaker; and the lower it be, it is the stronger: # because when the two plain bodies are pulled up, 17 foot, they fall asunder. We see ninthly the vanity of the common opinion, that maintains two plain (^bodies^) to cleave clos # together for fear of (^vacuity^) ; and that neither (^Humane^) nor (^Angelick^) strength is able to break this union, without the rupture and fracture of them both. It may be enquired, upon supposition, that the inferior (^plain^) had four holes cut thorow the middle, square wise, as ABCD in the 18 Figure, what (^Phenomena^) would follow? Before I answer, consider that this Figure represents the inner face of the Brass-plate CDNO, of the 17 Figure, which as was supposed, is four inches from side to side, and consequently contains 16 square inches. Now, imagine the under (^plain^) CDNO, while it is united to the uppermost, to have four square inches cutted out of it,

as ABCD. These things being rightly conceived, and understood, I say, when the said holes are cutted thorow, the beam TV, that now sustains 350 pound, shall by this means, only sustain 250 pound. To make this evident, consider that the under (^plain^) (as was said) contains 16 square inches. Next, that the top of the inferior Water upon which the (^plain^) rests, contains as many, and that # every inch of the Water weighs 25 pound, seing the whole, as was supposed before, weighs 400 pound. Now, I say, the beam must support only 250 pound of the Water IKLM; because, these holes being made, the top of the inferior Water comes through them, and presseth up the face of the superior (^plain^) with 100 pound, and so easeth the beam of so much. I affirm next, that though the inferior Water NOPQ be in it self 400 pound, and consequently able to support the inferior (^plain^) , with the weight R, albeit they weighed so much, yet the said holes being cut out, it is not able to support more burden than 300. The reason is, because of 16 parts that did actually bear up before, there are only 12 now that sustains. And every one of these twelve, being but able to support 25 pound, it necessarily follows, that the greatest weight they are able to sustain, is 300 pound. I affirm thirdly, that if a fifth hole were cut through, the under (^plain^) would fall from the upper; because in this case, the inferior Water is not able to support 350 pound as before, seing of 16 parts, there are five wanting, and eleven remaining, cannot support more weight than 275 pound. Moe questions of this kind might be proposed; as first, what would come to pass, if the the upper (^plain^) had as many holes cut through it, answering to the four of the nether? Secondly, what would follow, if the nether (^plain^) were intire, and four bored through

the upper? But I shall supersede, and leave these to be gathered by the judicious Reader. From this Experiment we see first, that the broader and larger a surface of a Fluid be, it's the more able to sustain # a burden, and the narrower it be, 'tis the less able. Secondly, that each part of a surface, is able to sustain so much weight, and no more, and no less. Before I put a close to this Experiment, it will be needful to answer an objection, proposed by (^Doctor More^) in his (^Antidote against Atheism^) , against the Pressure of the Air, which in effect militats, by parity of reason, against the Pressure of the VVater likewise. He argues thus. If the Air wer indowed with so much Pressure, as is commonly affirmed, then it ought to compress, squeez, or strain # together, any soft body that it environs, as (^v.g. Butter^) . Put the case then, there were a piece of (^Butter^) , four inches # broad every way, and one inch thick, containing 16 square inches, upon every side; as may be represented by the Figure 19. In this case, there is a far greater Pressure, upon the two faces, than upon the four edges, and therefore, it ought to be comprest, and strained together, to the thinness of a sheet of Paper. For answer, let us suppose the piece of (^Butter^) , to be 30 or 40 foot below the surface of a Water, where it ought to suffer far more # Pressure, than above in the Air. Next, that it lies (^Horizontal^) , with one face upward, and the other downward. Thirdly, that the upper face supports a Pillar of Water 200 pound weight, and consequently, that the under face is prest up with as much. And lastly, that every edge is burdened with 50. It may be represented, with the help of the fancy, in the 19 Figure, where AB is a piece of (^Butter^) four inches square, and one inch thick. Only take

notice, that nothing here is represented to the sight, save one of the four edges, namely AB; the other three, and the two faces being left to the fancy: Yet, the upper face may be represented by FHKM, and the under by NOPQ. These things being rightly understood, it is wondered, why the two great and heavy Pillars of Water, the one EGILFHKM, that presseth downward, and the other NOPQRSTV, that presseth upward, do not strain together the sides of the (^Butter^) ; seing the # Pressure of the Water BC, and the Pressure of the Water DA, are far inferior to them for strength, even by as much difference, as four exceeds one. Though this objection seem somewhat, yet it is really nothing, which I make evident after this manner. First, I grant that the upper face FHKM is burdened, with 200 pound, and the nether face NOPQ with as much. Secondly, that the edge B, is only burdened, with 50 pound, as is the edge A. The other two edges, sustains each one, as much. Secondly, though this be, yet I affirm the two sides to be no more burdened, than the edges: that's to say, the Pressure upon the sides, is equal to the Pressure upon the edges, which I prove thus. The Pressure upon the part M, is equal to the Pressure upon the part K, but the Pressure upon the edge B, is equal to the Pressure upon the part M: therefore the Pressure upon B, is equal to the Pressure upon K. The major Proposition is evident, because the Pillar of Water LM, is not of the same weight, with the Pillar of Water IK. The Minor is also evident, because, the Pillar BC, is of the same weight, with the Pillar LM. Now, if the Pressure upon the edge B, be equal to the Pressure upon M and K, it must be likewise equal to the Pressure upon H and F. If this be, then the

edge of the (^Butter^) B, must be no more prest, than the side FHKM: therefore the Water BC, can no more yeeld to the VVater EFGHIKLM, and suffer the (^Butter^) to be squeezed out at B, than the VVater LM, can yeeld to the VVater EFGHIK, and suffer the (^Butter^) to be squeezed out at M. If any man shall insist and say, that the upper face bears the weight of four Pillars, which weighs 400 pound; but the edge B is only burdened with 50: therefore 50 ought to yeeld to 400. I answer, according to the 29 Theorem, namely, that a (^thicker^) Pillar of a Fluid is not able to press, or move a (^slenderer^) , # unless there be an unequal Pressure, therefore the thick Pillar, that presseth the face, cannot move the slender Pillar, that presseth the edge: but there is here no unequal Pressure, seing the Water XYZV, is of the same hight with the four Pillars that rests upon the face of the (^Butter^) . I # grant, if the said Water were not so high, as the other is, by the one half; then surely the (^Butter^) would be squeezed out at B; because the shorter a Pillar be, the less Pressure is in # the surface under it; therefore, there must be less Pressure, # according to that supposition in the Water BC, then now is. Or put the case, the Pillar IK were shorter then GH, or LM, the same effect would follow, namely, a squeezing out of the (^Butter^) from K. Or, let us suppose the Pillar I K, to be higher than GH or LM. In such a case, the weight of the said Pillar would press through the (^Butter^) . From what is said, we shall only inferr this conclusion, that equality of height between Pillars of a Fluid makes equal Pressure, and inequality of hight makes unequal Pressure. Therefore 'tis no matter, whether they be gross or small, thick or slender, provided they be all of the same Altitude.

[}AN ACCOMPT OF MISCELLANY OBSERVATIONS, LATELY MADE, BY THE AUTHOR OF THE FOREGOING EXPERIMENTS.}] [}OBSERVATION I.}] In (^May^) 1669, there was need of a new Sink, on the east side of (^Tranent^) , for winning of (^Coals^) . But while the (^Coalhewers^) were in digging down, and had come the deepness of 13 or 14 fathom, they were stopped from working by (^Damps^) , or ill Air, that flowed out plentifully from the sides of the sink, wherein there were a great number of (^Cutters^) , or rifts, out of which that ill Air came. To try the nature and power of (^Damps^) , I took a dog, and fastned him in a (^bucket^) , with a small roap, that he might not leap over, and when he had gone down 7 or 8 fathom, he presently begins to howl, and cry pitifully, as if he had been

beaten fore with a rod, and a little after, he begins to # stagger, and his feet failing him, he falls down, as one overtaken with the Epilepsy, and in going downn to the bottom, his eyes turning in his head, they appeared very shining and clear like two large bright Diamonds. Fearing, that the (^Damp^) should have killed him out of hand, he was instantly pulled up from the bottom, where he had not tarried 15 # (^seconds^) of time. And when the bucket had come to the mouth of the (^sink^) , he was pulled out, and laid upon the ground, # to get fresh Air. When he had lien a while as dead, he begins at last to gape, and gasp, and make some respirations, as if # he had been rather expiring, than recovering. Next, he began to stir and move his feet, and after, to raise him self upon his knees, his head staggering and wavering from side to side. After a (^minut^) or two, he was able to stand upon his feet, but so weakly, that he was not in capacity to walk or run. Yet at last, being much refreshed, he escaped from us, and ran home, but slowly. In the afternoon, the same Experiment was repeated, with another dog, whose case was the same in all things. But after he was perfectly recovered, for a further trial, we let him down the second time, and suffered him to tarry in the bottom of the (^sink^) , about the space of three minuts: but when he was pulled up, and taken out, we found no symptomes of life in him; and so after half an hour and more, his body began to swell, which # ordinarily befalls such, who are killed after this manner. After this, we sent down in the Bucket, a little Chicken, which, when it came near the (^Damp^) , presently flapped with the wings, and falling down, turned over and over for a pretty while, as if it had been taken with a # (^vertigo^) , or giddiness. But by drawing up the Bucket in halfe, and bringing the Bird to the fresh Air, it recovered. In the

evening, we let down a (^lighted Candle^) , but it was soon extinguished, when it came near mid-sink; for here, rather than in the bottom, was the strongest Damp. Lastly, we let down by a chord, a (^Brand-iron^) , with burning Coals, whose flame was soon put out, and after a little while, we perceived the red Coals to be extinguished by degrees; yet not totally, because, as the Coal-hewers observed, the power of the (^Damp^) was not so strong, as before. These (^Damps^) then have their ebbings and flowings, which seem to depend upon the weather, or rather upon the situation of the winds, and their force. For 'tis observed, that a high South-west wind causeth ill Air in this place; and that, by reason of much wast ground, that lies upon the South, and South-west hand of this (^Sink^) , whence are # conveyed under ground by secret passages, which are nothing else but so many rifts and openings, commonly called by the (^Coal-hewers^) , (^Gutters^) , corrupted and rotten Air, # full of sulphurious stems. The reason why these passages are open, and replenished with nothing, but corrupted Air, is this, the Water, that's ordinarily called the Blood of the Coal, being withdrawn with subterraneous Gutters (commonly called (^Levels^) ) that are digged, and wrought under ground, sometimes a very long way, for drying of the # (^Mines^) , and the veins of the earth being now empty, there succeeds Air; which Air, by process of time, and long standing, rots, and contracts a sulphurious quality, which causeth sudden death. Now, when the wind is high, and strong from the South or South-west, that sulphurious Air is driven through the ground, and coming to (^Sinks^) and (^Mines^) , where men are working, presently infects the place, and hinders the work. 'Tis often observed, that the wind and Air under ground, keep a correspondence in their motion,

with the wind above ground: and therefore, when the wind is in such a point above, 'tis found, that the motion of the Air below runs such a way, and the contrary way, when the wind above ground, is in the opposite point. When there is a free passage between the bottom of the two Sinks, you may observe the wind come downn through the one, and running alongst under the ground, rise up thorow the other, even as Water runs thorow a (^Siphon^) . For this cause, when the (^Coal-hewers^) have done with such a (^Sink^) , they do not use to stop it, or close it up, but # leaves it standing open, that the Air under ground may be kept under a perpetual motion and stirring, which to them is a great advantage. 'Tis very strange to see sometimes, how much Air, and how fresh it will be, even at a very great distance, namely four or five hundred pace, from the mouth of the (^Sink^) . This could never be, unless there were a # considerable Pressure and weight in it, whereby it is driven forward, thorow so many (^Labyrinths^) . And even in the utmost room, where the (^Coal-hewers^) are working, the Pressure is as great, as it is above ground, which is found by the # (^Torricellian Experiment^) . In such a case, the Air cannot press down thorow the Earth and Metalls, therefore the Mercury must be suspended, not by a Pillar from the (^Atmosphere^) , but by the (^Bensil^) of it. Nay, put the case, that the whole Element of Air were destroyed, and this remaining, yet would it be able to support 29 inches. To shut up this discourse, it is # observed by the (^Coal-hewers^) , that when there is ill Air in a (^Sink^) , a man may perceive distinctly, what is lying in the # bottom, so clear and transparent is the Air of it: but when the (^Damp^) is gone, the (^Medium^) is not so clear. In temperat # and cold weather, the (^Damps^) are not so frequent. From this # (^Sink^) , in soft winds, or in Northerly winds, or when it blows from East or North-east, the (^Damps^) are driven away.

[}OBSERVATION II.}] (^Jupiter^) upon Wednesday night, at eleven a clock, being 24 of (^November^) , 1669, had the following position with the stars of (^Gemini^) . He was so near to the Star C, that to appearance, the points of his rayes did touch it. This Star by looking upon the material Glob, is fixed in the very (^Zodiack^) , and in the 13 degree of (^Cancer^) , and is the very navel of the following (^Twine^) . # The Star A is (^Castor^) . The Star B is (^Pollux^) . The star D, # is fixed in the forefoot of the following (^Twine^) . From this place he moved, with a retrograde motion, till he came to the 5 of (^Cancer^) , about the 20 of (^February^) , 1670, and from that time became (^Direct^) in his motion, and so upon the 27 of (^March^) , 1670 at 9 a clock, he was in a right line with (^Canis minor^) , and the brightest Star in (^Auriga^) , and was in a right line with the eastmost shoulder of (^Orion^) , and (^Castor^) in (^Gemini^) , or with that # Star, when South-west, that's highest, and West-most.

[}OBSERVATION IV.}] Upon (^Tuesday^) the 19. of (^July^) 1670, the following Experiment was made. In the middle Marches between (^Scotland^) and (^England^) , there is a long tract of Hills, that run from (^Flowdon^) , many miles South and South-west, amongst the which, the Mountain (^Cheviot^) is famous beyound, and conspicuous above all the rest for altitude, from whose top a man may discern with one turning of his eye, the whole Sea-coast from (^New-castle^) to (^Berwick^) , much # of (^Northumberland^) , and very many Leagues into the great (^German Ocean^) : the whole (^Mers^) and (^Teviotdale^) , from the foot of (^Tweed^) , to very near the head of it. # (^Lauderdale^) , and (^Lammer-moor^) , and (^Pentland-hills^) above # (^Edinburgh^) . The North side of this Mountain is pretty steep, yet easie to climb, either with men or horse. The top is spacious, large and broad, and all covered with a (^Flow-moss^) , which runs very many miles South. When a man rides over it, it rises and falls. 'Tis easie to thrust a Lance over the head in it. The sides if this Hill abounds with excellent # Wellsprings, which are the original of several Torrents, amongst the which (^Colledge-Water^) is famous, upon which, not a mile from the foot of this Mountain is (^White-hall^) . The adjacent Hills are for the most part green, and excellent for the pasturage of Cattel. Not many years ago, the whole Valleys near the foot of (^Cheviot^) , were Forrests # abounding with (^Wild-Deer^) . Upon the highest part of this Mountain was erected the (^Torricellian Experiment^) for weighing of the Air, where we found the altitude of the (^Mercurial Cylinder^) 27 inches and an half. The Air was dry and clear, and no wind. In our Valley-Countreys, near to the Sea-Coast, in such

Weather, we find the altitude 29 inches and an half. When this difference was found, care was taken to seal up closly with (^Bee-wax^) , mixed with (^Turpentine^) , the # orifice of the Vessel, that contained the stagnant Mercury, and thorow which the end of the Pipe went down. This being done with as great exactness as could be, it was carried to the foot of the Mountain in a Frame of Wood, made on purpose, and there opening the mouth of the Vessel, we found the Mercury to rise an inch and a quarter higher than it was. The reason of this strange (^Phenomenon^) must be this, namely a greater Pressure of the Air at the foot of the Hill, than upon the top: even as there is a greater Pressure of Water in a surface 40 fathom deep, than in a surface 20 fathom deep. 'Tis not to be doubted, but if the root of the Mountain had been as low as the Sea Coast, or as the surface of (^Tweed^) at (^Kelso^) , the (^Mercurial Cylinder^) # would have been higher. This way of observing, seems to be better than the common: for while the (^Baroscope^) is carried up and down the Hill, without stopping the orifice of the Vessel, that contains the stagnant Mercury, the # (^Cylinder^) makes such reciprocations, by the agitation of a mans body, that sometimes abundance of Air is seen to ascend up thorow the Pipe, which in effect makes the (^Cylinder^) shorter than it ought to be. But if so be, the end of the Pipe be immerged among (^Quick-silver^) , contained in a Glass with a narrow orifice, so that it may be stopped # compleatly, you will find no reciprocations at all. And to make all things the more sure, the Glass may be filled up either with (^Mercury^) , or with Water above the (^Mercury^) ; by which means the (^Cylinder^) in the down-coming, or in the up-going shall remain immoveable. Besides the stopping of the orifice of the said Glass, you may have a wider # Vessel,

that may receive the same Glass into it, and it being full of Water, may so cover the sealed orifice, that there shall be no hazard of any Air coming in. Or this Experiment may be first tried at the root of the Hill, and having stopped compleatly the mouth of the Vessel, the whole Engine may bee carried up to the top, where you will find the (^Mercury^) subside and fall down so much; namely after the said orifice is opened: for as the stopping of the orifice at the root of the Hill, is the cause, why that same degree of Pressure remains in the stagnant Liquor; so the opening of it upon the top of the Hill, is the cause why it becomes less. This Experiment lets us see, that the Pressure of the Air seems to be as the Pressure of the Water, namely the further down the greater; and the further up the less; and therefore, as by coming up to the top of the Water, there is no more Pressure, so by coming up to the top of the Air, there is no more weight in it; which in effect sayes, that the Air hath a determinant hight, as the Water hath. From this Experiment we cannot learn the determinant hight of the Air, because the definit hight of the Mountain is not known. I know there are some, who think that the Air is indefinitly extended, as if forsooth, the Firmament of fixed Stars were the limits of it, but I suppose it is hard to make it out. [}OBSERVATION V.}] (^June^) 5. 1670. I observed the (^Sun^) within 3 (^minuts^) # of setting, to have a perfect (^oval figure^) , the two ends lying level with the Horizon. His colour was not red as ordinarily, but bright and clear, as if he had been in the

(^Meridian^) : neither was the Sky red, but clear also. And by the help of the (^Pendulum^) Clock, I have observed his body to be longer in setting than it ought, by eight (^minuts^) , # and sometimes by (^ten^) , and his Diameter longer in going out of sight than it ought, by two, and sometimes by three # (^minuts^) . The reason of these (^Phenomena^) , must be the (^Refraction^) unquestionably. [}OBSERVATION VI.}] Upon (^Saturday^) evening the 30 of (^July^) 1670, and the night following, till about two a Cloak in the (^Sabbath^) morning, there fell out a considerable rain, with great thunder, and many lightnings. About (^Sun-set^) , the # convocation of black clouds appeared first towards the (^Horizon^) in the South-west, with several lightnings; and the wind blowing from that point, carried the clouds and rain over (^Mid^) and (^East-Lothian^) , towards the (^Firth^) and # (^Seacoast^) . About 9 a clock, the whole Heavens almost were covered with dark clouds, yet the rain was not very great, neither were the (^thunder claps^) frequent, but every # (^fifth^) or (^sixth second^) of time, a large and great lightning brake # out. But before the (^thunder crack^) was heard, which happened every fourth of fifth (^minut^) , the lightning was so terrible for greatness, and brightness, that it might have bred # astonishment. And because the night was very dark, and the lightning very splendid, a man might have perceived houses and corn-fields at a great distance. And if any had resolved to catch it, in the breaking out, it did so dazle the eyes, that for half a (^minut^) , he was not able to see # any thing about him. Sometimes the lightning that went before the thunder,

brake forth from the clouds, like a long spout of fire, or rather like a long flame raised high, with a Smiths Bellows, but did not continue long in sight. Such an one above the Firth was seen to spout downward upon the Sea. Sometimes there appeared from the one end of the cloud to the other, an (^hiatus^) , or wide opening, all full of # fire, in form of a long furrow, or branch of a River, not straight, but crooked. I suppose the breadth of it, in it self, would have been twenty pace and more, and the length of it five or six hundred pace: the duration of it, would have been about a second of time. Sometimes a man might have perceived the nether side of the cloud, before the crack came, all speckled with streams of fire, here and there, like the side of an Hill, where Moor-burn is, which bake forth into a lightning. But there was one, after which followed a terrible thunder crack, which far exceeded all the rest, for quantity and splendor. It brake out from the cloud, being shot from North to South, in form of fire from a great (^Cannon^) , but in so great quantity, as if a Gun ten foot # wide, with 500 pound weight of Powder in it, had been fired. And surely the lightning behoved to be far greater in it self, # seeing it appeared so great, at so great a distance. It did not evanish in an instant, like the fire of a Gun, but continued about a second and an half; by reason (it seems) that it could not break out all at once. This did so dazle the fight, that for half a minut almost, nothing was seen, but like a white mist flying before the eyes. The whole Countrey about was seen distinctly. All these great lightnings were seen a considerable time, before the crack was heard. Sometimes 30 (^seconds^) numbered by the (^Pendulum Clock^) interveened, namely when the thunder was at a distance, about 7 or 8 miles. Sometimes

15 or 16 only interveened. But when the thunder was just above our head, no more passed, than 7 or 8, which seems to demonstrat, that these thick black clouds, out of which the thunder breaks, are not a (^Scottish^) mile from the earth, when they are directly above us. 'Tis observable, that in all lightnings, and thunderings, there is no smoke to be seen, which seems to evince, that the matter whereof they generated, must be most pure, and subtil. Who knows, but this Countrey, that abounds with (^Coal^) , may occasion more thunder and lightnings, than other places, namely be sending up sulphurious exhalations to the middle region of the Air, wherewith the (^Coalmines^) abound. [}OBSERVATION VII.}] This is a method for finding out the true South and North Points, which are in effect very difficult to know. Take therefore four pieces of Timber, each one of them five foot long, and about six inches thick, squarewise. Sharpen their ends, and fix them so in the ground, that they may stand Perpendicular, and as near to South and North, by a (^Magnetick Needle^) , as may be. The place would be free of Trees, or of any such impediment, that it may have a free prospect of the Heavens. As for their distance one from another, let the two North-most, and the South-most be two foot asunder: let the two East-most, and two West-most, be but one foot, making as they stand, an (^oblong quadrangle^) . For keeping them # equidistant above, as well as below, take four bars of Wood, about three inches broad, and one inch thick, and nail them round about upon the four sides, on each side one, so that

being nailed on (^Horizontally^) , they may make (^right # angles^) , with the tops of the standards above. There are then for distinctions cause, the North-bar, and the South-bar, that runs East and West, and the East-bar, and the West-bar, that runs South and North. There is here no difficulty in the thing it self, but only in the fancy to conceive it. Besides these four, there must be other four of the same form and fashion, nailed on farder down about the middle of the four standards. Take next some small Brass Wyre strings, such as are used in (^Virginals^) , and fix one # from the middle of the South-bar, that's upmost, to the middle of the South-bar just under it. Fix it so, that it may be exactly Perpendicular, which may be done, with a great weight of Lead. Take a second Wyre string, and hang it plumb from the West end of the North-bar, and another from the East end of the same Bar, I mean the Bar that's nearest to the top. These three strings so fixed, will go near to make an (^equilateral triangle^) . Now because the device is for finding out the (^Meridian^) by the Stars in the night time, not by any indifferently, but by these that are nearest to the (^Pole^) , therefore # observe in (^July^) and (^August^) , when the (^Guard-stars^) in the # evening begin to come down towards the West, and keeping closs one eye, bring the other somewhat near to the South-most string, and order your sight so, that this string, and the West-most string upon the North side, may catch the foremost (^Guard-star^) in the down-coming, when it is furthest West, and there fix it. When the same Star is turning up towards the East, catch it by the South-most string, and the East-most string on the North side, and your work is done, if so be, you divide exactly, between the East-most and West-most, and there hang a fourth string, which

with the string upon the South-side, gives you the true South and North. For better understanding, note first, that, when the (^Guard-stars^) are coming down, or going up, the (^Altitude^) varies quickly, but the (^Azimuth^) , or # motion from East to West, will not vary sometimes sensibly in two hours almost, which is a great advantage in this case. But when you find out the (^Meridian^) with a (^Plain^) , and a # Perpendicular (^Stilus^) , by the shadow of the Sun, if it be not when he is about East and West, the (^Azimuth^) alters more than the (^Altitude^) , which is a great disadvantage. Now its certain, the slower the motion be from East to West of any Star, it is the easier to observe, and it is the more sure way. Note secondly, that special care must be had, to cause the strings hang Perpendicular. Note thirdly, that before you beg in your Observations, the South-most string must be made immoveable, but the East-most, and West-most, on the other side, must not be so, because as the Stars in going about move from East to West, so must the said two strings be left at at liberty, to move a little # hither and thither, till Observations be ended. Note fourthly, that assoon as you perceive sensibly, the foremost # (^Guard-star^) to decline towards the West, then you must begin to observe, which is nothing else, but to fix your eye so, that the South-most and West-most string, may cover the said Star. And because in coming down, it goes West, therefore, let the West-most string move towards the left hand by degrees, following the Star to its utmost, till it be covered by them both. Follow the same method, in observing the same Star in going up towards the East. Note fifthly, that when you make the two strings cover the Star, that which is nearest to the eye, will appear transparent, and of a larger size, so that you may perceive distinctly

thorow it, not only the Star it self, but the other string # also, which is a great advantage. This is evident to any, who holds a bended silk threed between their eye and a Star in the night time; for when you direct your sight to the Star, the string appears like the small string of a # (^Virginal^) when it trembles. Note sixthly, that in observing in a dark night, you must have a (^Cut-throat^) , that by the light of the candle you may perceive the strings. Some other things might be noted, but you will find them better by experience, than they can exprest here. I named (^July^) and (^August^) in the evening for observing the (^Guard-stars^) , when they are West-most, but there are several other seasons, when this may be done as conveniently. They are East-most in the latter end of (^October^) , and beginning of (^November^) about 5 or 6 a clock in the morning. If a man were desirous to make this observation quickly, I suppose he might in the end of (^October^) , find the said # stars West-most in the evening, and East-most the next morning. Besides the (^Guard-stars^) , a man may make use of the # (^Polar-star^) ; for as it goes higher, and lower than the true (^Pole^) , by 2 degrees and 26 minuts, so it goes as much to the East, and as much to the West, once in 24 hours. In the end of (^July^) , you will find the (^Polar-star^) East-most, about # 9 a clock at night, and in the end of (^January^) West-most at 9 a clock. Note, that every month, the fixed stars come sooner to the same place by two hours: therefore in the end of (^August^) the (^Polar-star^) must be West, at 7 a clock # at night, and East at 7 a clock in the morning. When the (^Meridian^) is found out after this manner, there is no # (^Star^) or (^Planet^) can pass it, but you may know exactly when, be it never so high, or never so low. For there is nothing to be done, but to wait, till the South-most and North-most

string cover the body of the (^Star^) . If it be the Sun, hold up a white Paper, behind the two strings, and when their shadows do co-incide, and are united, then is his Center in the (^Meridian^) . If the Sun do not shine clear, as when he is under mist, or a thin cloud, you may exactly take him up in the (^Meridian^) , with the two strings. This Frame will serve as well, to know when any of the North Stars comes South, or North, and consequently when they are highest, and when they are lowest: for being fixed in an open place of the (^Orchard^) , there's no (^Celestial # Body^) can pass the (^Meridian^) , either on the one side, or the other, # but it may be catched, what ever the Altitude be, and that most easily. [}OBSERVATION VIII.}] There hath been much inquiry made by some anent the reason, why the dead body of a man or beast, riseth from the ground of a Water, after it hath been there three of four days. But though many have endeavoured to solve the question, yet the difficulty remains; and in effect it cannot be answered, without the knowledge of the foregoing Doctrine, anent the nature of fluid Bodies. To find out the reason then of this (^Phenomenon^) , consider, # that all Bodies, are either naturally heavier then Water, as Stone and Lead, or naturally lighter, as Wood and Timber. If they be heavier, they sink: if they be lighter, they swim. Now I say, a mans body immediatly after he is drowned, his belly being full of Water, must go to the ground, because in this case, it will be found # (^specifically^) or (^naturally^) heavier then Water. That's to say, a mans body, will be heavier, than as much Water, as is

the bulk of a mans body. For pleasing the fancy, imagine a Statue to be composed of Water, with all the true dimensions of the person that's dead, so that the one shall answer most exactly to all the dimensions of the other. In this case, if you counterpoise them in a Ballance, the real body, that's made up of flesh, blood, and bones, shall weigh down the other. But after this dead body hath lien a short time among the Water, it presently begins to swell, which is caused by the fermentation of the humors of the blood, which goeth before putrefaction, and after three or four dayes swells so great, that in effect, it becomes # naturally lighter than Water, and therefore riseth. That is to say, take that body, that is now swelled, and as much bulk of Water, as will be the precise quantity of it, and having counterpoised them in a Ballance, you will find the Water heavier than the body.

[}OBSERVATION XI.}] Take a slender chord, about 4 or 5 yards in length, and fasten the middle of it to the seiling of a Room with a nail, so that the two ends of it may hang down equally. Take next a piece of Wood, two or three foot long, two inches broad, and one inch thick, and boring an hole in each end of it, put through the two ends of the chord, and fasten them with knots; but so, that the piece of Wood may ly Horizontal, and be in a manner a (^Pendulum^) to swing from the one end of the Chamber to the other. Take next a Bullet of Lead or Iron, about 20 or 24 ounces, and lay it upon the said piece of Wood: but because it cannot well ly, without falling off, therefore nail upon the ends, and the sides of the Timber, four pieces of Sticks, on each end one, and on each side one, as (^Ledgets^) , for keeping the Bullet from falling off. All things being thus ordered, draw up the piece of Wood towards the one side of the Room, by which means losing its horizontal position, it will ly declining-wise, like the roof of an # house. In this position, lay the Iron Bullet in the upmost end of it, and then let them both pass from your fingers, the one end of the Wod going foremost, and you will find it swing towards the other side of the house, and return again, as a (^Pendulum^) . This motion, if the Wood be well guided in its vibrations, will last perpetually, because in its moving down, the Bullet is hurled from the one end of the Wood, to the other, and hits it so smartly, that it begets in it,

an impulse, whereby it is carried farder up, than it would be, without it. By this means, the (^vibrations^) get not # liberty to diminish, but all of them are kept of the same length. In the second vibration, the same Bullet is hurled back again to the other end, and hiting it with all its weight, creats a second impulse, wherewith the Wood is carried, as far up as the point it was first demitted from. Though this may seem a pretty device to please the fancy, that's many times deceived, while things are presented to it, by way of speculation, yet upon tryal and experience, there will be found, an unspeakeable difficulty: and it's such an one, that a man would not readily think upon. I said, that when the Wood was let go, and was in passing down, the Bullet in it, would hurl down, and hit the opposite end, and beget an impulse; but there is no such thing, for verily, though the Bullet be laid upon a very declining plain Board, whereupon no man could imagine a round body could ly, yet all the time the Board is in swinging, from the one side of the Chamber, to the other, and consequently, sometimes under an horizontal, and somtimes under an declining position, the Bullet lies dead in the place, where you first placed it. This Observation is not so much for a perpetual motion, as for finding out the reason of this pretty (^Phenomenon^) , namely, what's the cause, why the Bullet, that cannot ly upon a reclining Board, while it's without motion, shall now ly upon it, while it's under motion? What is more difficult, and nice, to ly upon any thing, that declines from a levell, than (^Quick-silver^) ; yet lay never so much of it upon this Board, while it is swinging, it shall ly dead, and without motion. But no sooner you stop the motion of the wood,

but assoon, the Bullet, or the (^Quick-silver^) , is hurled, either this way, or that way. [}OBSERVATION XII.}] I find it mentioned by some learned persons, that when a Ship is under Sail, if a stone be demitted from the top of the Mast, it will move down in a line parallel with it, and fall at the root. Some might think, it ought not to fall directly above the place it hang over, but rather some distance behind, seing the Ship hath advanced so much bounds, in the time, wherein the stone is coming down. Likewise, while a Ship is under Sail, let a man throw up a stone never so high, and never so perpendicular, as to his # apprehension, yet it will fall down directly upon his head again, notwithstanding that the Ship hath run (perhaps) her own length in the time, while the stone was ascending and descending. This experiment I find to hold true, which may be easily tryed, especially when a man is carried in a Boat upon smooth Water, drawn by a horse, as is done in some places abroad. Let him therefore throw up a little Stone, or any heavy Body, and he will find it descend just upon his head, notwithstanding that the Horse that draggs the Boat, be under a gallop, and by this means hath advanced ten or twelve paces in the time. Or while the Boat is thus running, let a man throw a stone towards the brink of the VVater; in this case he shall not hit the place he aimed at, but some other place more forward. This lets us see, that when a Gun is fired in a Ship under Sail, the Bullet cannot hit the place it was directed to. Neither can a man riding with a full Career, and shooting a Pistol, hit the person he aims at, but must surely miss

him, notwithstanding, that though in the very instant of time wherein he fires, the mouth of the Pistol was most justly directed. For remedy wherof, allowance must be granted in the aiming at the mark. VVhile a man throws up a stone in a Ship under Sail, it it must receive two distinct impulses, one from the hand, whereby it is carried upward, the other from the Ship, whereby it is carried forward. By this means, the stone in going up, and coming down, cannot describe a perpendicular, but a crooked Line, either a (^Parabola^) , or a Line very like unto it. Neither can it describe a perpendicular Line, in coming down from the top of the Mast, though in appearance it seem to do so, but a crooked one, which in effect must be the half of that, which it describes in # going up, and coming down. For this same cause a stone thrown (^horizontally^) , or towards the brink of the VVater, must describe a crooked Line also. And a (^Pistol Bullet^) shot, while a man is riding at a full Carreer, must describe a Line of the same kind. Note, that a man walking from the (^Stern^) of a Ship to the (^Head^) , walks a longer way, than in walking from the (^Head^) to the (^Stern^) . Secondly, a man may walk from the (^Head^) to the (^Stern^) , and yet not change # his place. 'Tis observable, that a man (^under board^) , will not perceive whether the Ship be sailing, or not, and cannot know when her (^Head^) goes about. And it is strange, that when a man is inclosed in a (^Hogs-head^) , though he have light with him, yet let him be never so oft whirled about, he shall not know, whether he be going about, or not. [^SINCLAIR, GEORGE. SATANS INVISIBLE WORLD DISCOVERED. EDINBURGH: THOMAS GEORGE STEVENSON, 1871 (REPR. ORIG. ED. OF 1685). PP. 95.1.-131.20.^]

[}RELATION. XII.}] [}ANENT MOTHER JACKSON HER WITCHCRAFT.}] This Story hath as much certainty with it, as any Human Story can have. The (^Author^) that writs it is a Famous (^Minister^) of the (^Gospel^) , and attested by famous Witnesses. This Woman was arraigned and condemned at (^Newgate^) for bewitching one (^Mary Glover^) a Marchants Daughter in (^Themes-Street^) . One (^Doctor Boncraft^) did inform (^Judge Anderson^) then (^Lord Chief Justice^) , that the said (^Mother Jackson^) was wronged and that the (^Maid^) did counterfeit. Whereupon the (^Lord Chief Justice^) gave order to Sir (^John Crook^) then (^Recorder of London^) to make trial of them in his Chamber at the (^Temple^) . The (^Maid^) being sent for came with her Mother and diverse of her Neighbours: and about an hour after, the (^Witch^) was sent for, and was brought in disguised like a countrey-market-Woman, with a mufflet hiding her face, and an old Hat, and a short Cloack spattered with mire. When she entered the Chamber the (^Maid^) suddenly fell down backward upon the floor, with her eyes drawn into her head, her tongue toward

her (^Throat^) , her (^Mouth^) drawn up to her (^Ear^) : her Bodie became stiff, and senseless. Her (^Lips^) being shut closs, a plain and audible voice came out of her Nostrills, saying (^Hang her, Hang her^) . Then did the Recorder call for a Candle, and a sheet of Paper, and held the paper flaming to her hand, till her hand did blister. The blister did break and water came out, which dropt down upon the Floor, the maid lying still and senseless as a dead body, with the voice coming out of her Nostrills saying (^hang her, hang her^) . Then the (^Recorder^) called for a long Pin, which he held in the flame of the Candle, till it was very hot, and thrust the head of it into her Nostrills to see if that would make her Neese, Wink, or bend her brows, or stir her head, which she did not, but lay still as one dead, and senseless, Then I told the (^Recorder^) (saith my Author) that I had often prayed with the Maid, and that when I did conclude with the (^LORDS Prayer^) , the Maid, as soon as I said (^(but deliver us from all evil)^) was tost up, and shaken as if a (^Mastive Dog^) should take a little (^Curr^) into his mouth, and shake him. Then the (^Recorder^) bad the (^Witch^) say the (^Lords Prayer^) , which she did till she came to these words, (^But deliver us from evil^) , which

she skipt over and would by no means be brought to say them. Then they bad her rehearse the (^Articles^) of the (^Christian Faith^) , which she did, till she came to these words (^(our Lord)^) but would by no means be drawn to confess that (^Jesus Christ^) was (^Our Lord^) . I told the (^Recorder^) also that when the Maid was in her senseless and dead fits, if the (^Witch^) did but lay her hand upon her, she was tost and thrown towards her. Thereupon the (^Recorder^) caused the Maid to be taken up, and layed upon a Bed, and cloaths to be layed upon her, especially her head, because she should not see, nor hear. Then he made signes to the women to stand round about the Bed, and that the (^Witch^) should stand among them and that everie one should lay hands one her softly, which they did, and the Maid did not stirr, till the (^Witch^) laid her hand upon her. Then all the Cloaths were thrown off, and the Maid tost towards her. Whereupon the (^Recorder^) looking upon the (^Witch^) said, (^Lord have mercy upon thee, Woman^) , and sent her to (^New-gate^) . Then as soon as she was gone, the voice that came out of the Maids Nostrils ceased, and she came to her self, and went home with her Mother. About 3 Weeks or a Moneth after the Witch

was condemned, the (^Maid^) continued every second day in most strange and fearful Fits, and Torments. The (^Recorder^) hearing of it, did blame me, and all the Ministers of (^London^) . And told me, that we might all of us be ashamed to see a (^Child of God^) in the (^Claws of the Devil^) , without any hopes of deliverance, but by such means as GOD had appointed, (^Fasting^) and (^Prayer^) . Within few days after, it pleased GOD to make me an instrument to draw five Ministers, and other good Christians together to set a day apart, and to joyn with me, in that holy exercise, wherein we continued from morning till after Candle lighting. Then on a sudden after a fearfull conflict which did much amaze some, and caused them to cry with a confused Noise, (^Jesus help, Jesus save^) , the (^Maid^) did start up out of a (^Wand-Chair^) , where she sat, and with her strength did lift me up with her, I kneeling behind her, and holding her in my Arms, she did throw white Froth out of her throat and mouth round about the Chamber, and on a sudden fell down into the Chair, as one truely dead, with her head hanging down into the Chair, her neck, arms limber and souple, which before were stiff as a frozen thing; Then suddenly life came into her whole Body, and her

eyes which were drawn into her head, and her Tongue, which was pulled into her throat came into their right place. Then she looked up with a cheerful countenance round about the Chamber, and with a loud voice spake, saying, (^O he is come, he is come, the Comforter is come, the Comforter is come, I am delivered, I am delivered^) . Her Father, hearing these words, wept for joy, and with a faultring voice, said, (^O these were her grandFathers words^) , when he was at the Stake, the fire crakling about him. It seems he died a (^Martyr^) in (^Queen Maries^) time. Then she kneeled down, and offered a sweet evening sacrifice of Thanks and Praise to GOD for her deliverance, till her voice grew weak. Then did the Minister speak to her to forbear, and let one of them end the day with thanksgiving. And in regard that I (saith the Minister) had begun the day with prayer, the Companie desired me to make an end with Thanksgiving. This being done, care was had of her, to put her to some Minister for a year, least Satan should assault her again. And by common consent she was put to me, and I took her home to my own House, for being my servant for that time, and her (^Mother^) and (^Sister^) , and (^Lodged^) them at my (^House^) in great

(^Saint Helens^) . Which then was my living. This Relation was publisht in the year (^1642.^) by the Minister, whose name in (^Lewes Hughes^) and is yet to be seen in (^Print^) . [}RELATION XIII.}] [}KING DUFF THE 78 KING OF SCOTLAND BEWITCHED}] Though this be well known to all who read our (^Scots Histories^) , yet it will not be amiss to insert it here, as in its own place, for their sake especially who have not heard of it. While the (^King^) was about the setling of the Countrey, and punishing the Troubles of the Peace, he began to be sore afflicted in his Body with a new and unheard of Disease, no Causes of his Sickness appearing in the least. At length, after that several Remedies and Cures were made use of to no purpose, a Report is spread, the Authors thereof being uncertain, that the King was brought to that sickness and Trouble by Witches. This suspicion arose from an unusual Sweating he was under, his Body pining and withering away by little and little and his strength failling day by day. And since all his Physicians; had done their utmost, and

yet no appearance of recovery, it was supposed his case was extraordinary, therefore all men being vehemently intent upon the Event, news came to (^Court^) that (^Night-meetings^) were kept at (^Forres^) a Town in (^Murray^) , for taking away the life of the King. This was presently received and believed for truth, because no other thing did occurr for the present more probable. Whereupon Trusty and Faithful men are presently sent away to one (^Donald^) Governour of the Castle there, in whom the (^King^) had the greatest Trust and Confidence. This man having gotten some knowledge of the business from a certain young (^Wench^) , whose Mother was under a bad report of being skilful in this (^Black-Art^) , found out and discovered the whole matter. The young (^Harlot^) is taken, because she had spoken some words rashly anent the (^Kings^) sickness, and that within a few dayes his life would be at an end. Some of the Guard being sent, found the Lasses Mother, with some Haggs, such as her self, roasting before a small moderate fire, (^the Kings Picture made of Wax^) . The design of this horrid Act, was that as the Wax by little and little did melt away, so the (^Kings Body^) by a continual sweating, might at last totally decay. The (^Waxen-Image^) being found and broken, and those old (^Haggs^) being

punished by death, the (^King^) did in that same moment recover. Compare this with the first Relation, and you will find them jump and agree exactly. [}RELATION XIV.}] [}THE APPARITION OF EDWARD AVON, TO HIS SON IN LAW THOMAS GODDARD.}] (^Thomas Goddard^) of (^Marleburgh^) in the (^County^) of (^Wilts^) , Weaver; on the ninth of (^November 1674^) going to (^Ogburn^) , at a (^Style^) on the Highway about nine in the morning, met the (^Apparition^) of his (^Father in Law^) , one (^Edward Avon^) of this Town Glover, who dyed in (^May^) last, having on to appearance, the same Cloaths, Hat, Stockings, and Shoes he did actually wear when he was living, standing by, and leaning over that Style. Which when he came near, the (^Apparition^) spake to him with an audible voice, these words, (^Are you afraid?^) To which he answered, (^I am, thinking on one who is dead and burried whom you are like.^) To which the (^Apparition^) replyed with the like voice. (^I am he you were thinking on, I am^) Edward Avon (^your Father in Law, come near to me, I will do you no harm.^) To which (^Goddard^) answered, (^I trust in him that bought my Soul with his precious blood, you shal do

me no harm^) . Then the Apparition said, (^How stand Cases at home? Goddard askt what Cases?^) Then it askt him, (^how do William and Mary^) , meaning as he conceived his Son (^William Avon^) , a (^Shoe-Maker^) here, and (^Mary^) his Daughter, the said (^Goddards^) wife. Then it said, (^What? Taylor is dead^) , meaning as he thought one (^Taylor^) of (^London^) , who married his Daughter (^Sarah^) , which (^Taylor^) dyed about (^Michaelmas^) last. Then the (^Apparition^) held out his hand, and in it as (^Goddard^) conceived, 20. or 30. shillings in Silver and then spake with a loud voice. (^Take this money and send it to^) Sarah (^for I shut up my Bowels of Compassion toward her in my life time, and how here is somewhat for her^) . And then said (^Mary^) (meaning the said (^Goddard's^) Wife, as he conceived) (^is troubled for me^) , but tell her (^God hath shewed me Mercy contrary to my deserts^) . But the said (^Goddard^) answered in the name of Jesus I refuse all such money. Then the (^Apparition^) said I perceive you are afraid, I will meet with you some other time. And immediately it went up the Lane to his appearance. So he went over the same Style, but saw it no more that day. He saith, the next night about 7. of the Clock, it came & opened his Shop windows and stood

in (^the like Cloaths, looking him in the face but said nothing to him.^) And the next Night after, as (^Goddard^) went forth into his Back-side with a Candle light in his hand, it appeared to him again in the same shape, but he being in fear, ran into his house, and saw it no more then. But he saith, (^that on Thursday the 12. instant as he came from^) Chilton, (^riding down the Hill between the Mannor-house and Axfoord-Farm-Field, he saw some what like a hare crosing his way, at which his Horse frighted, threw him into the Dirt^) , and as soon as he could recover on his Feet, the same (^Apparition^) there met him again in the same habit, and there standing about eight foot directly before him in the way, spake again to him with a loud voice: (^Source^) (a word he commonly used when living) (^you have stayed long^) , then said to him, (^Thomas, bid^) William Avon (^take the Sword that he had of me, which is now in his House, and carry it to the Wood, as we go to^) Alton, (^to the upper end of the Wood, by the way side, for with that Sword I did wrong thirty years ago, and he never^) prosper'd (^since he had that^) sword. (^And bid^) William Avon (^give his sister^) Sarah

(^twenty shillings of the money which he had of me. And do you talk with^) Edward Laurence, (^for I borrowed twenty shillings of him several years ago, and did say I had payed him, but I did not pay it him; and I would desire you to pay him twenty shillings out of the Money which you had from^) James Elliot, (^at two payments^) . Which money the said (^Goddard^) now saith was five pounds, which (^James Elliot^) a (^Baker^) here owed the said (^Avon^) on Bond, and which he the said (^Goddard^) had received from the said (^Elliot^) since (^Michaelmas^) at two payments, (^viz. 35.^) shillings at one, and (^3^) pound (^5^) shillings at another payment. And it further said to him, tell (^Margaret^) (meaning his own Wife as he conceived) (^that I would desire her to deliver up the little^) money (^which I gave to little^) Sarah Taylor (^the Child, or any one she will trust for it. But if she will not, speak to^) Edward Laurence (^to perswade her. But if she will not then, tell that I will see her very suddenly. And see that this be done within a twelve moneth, and a day after my decease, and peace be with you.^) And so it went away over the Rails into the Wood there in the like manner, as any man

would go over a Style to his apprehension, and so he saw it no more at that time. And he saith, that he paid the twentie shillings to (^Edward Laurence^) of this town, who being present, now doth remember, he lent the said (^Avon^) twentie shillings about twentie years ago, which none knew but himself and his Wife and (^Avon^) and his wife, and was never paid it, again before now by this (^Goddard^) . And this (^Goddard^) further says, that this verie day Mr. (^Majors^) order, he with his (^Brother in Law William Avon^) went with the (^Sword^) , and about Nine a Clock this Morning, they laid down the (^Sword^) in the (^Copse^) near the place the (^Apparition^) had appointed (^Goddard^) to carry it: and then coming away thence, (^Goddard^) looking back, saw the same (^Apparition^) again in the like habit as before. Whereupon he called to his (^Brother in Law^) , and said, Here is the (^Apparition^) of our Father, who said, (^I see nothing^) . Then (^Goddard^) fell on his knees, and said, (^LORD open his eyes that he may see it, if it be thy blessed Will^) . And the (^Apparition^) to (^Goddards^) appearance, beckned with his hand to come to it. And then (^Goddard^) said, (^In the Name of the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost, what would you have me to do?^)

Then the Apparition said to him, (^Thomas take up the sword and follow me.^) To which he said, (^should both of us come, or but one of us?^) To which, it answered, (^Thomas, do you take up the Sword.^) And so he took up the sword and followed the (^Apparition^) about ten (^Poles^) in length further into the (^Copse^) , and then turning back, he stood still about a (^Pole^) and half from it, his (^Brother in Law^) staying behind at the Place where they first laid down the (^Sword^) . Then (^Goddard^) laying down the (^Sword^) upon the ground saw something stand by the (^Apparition^) like a (^Mastiff-Dog^) of a Brown Colour. Then the (^Apparition^) coming towards (^Goddard^) , he stept back about two steps. And the (^Apparition^) said to him, (^I have a permission to you, and a Commission not to touch you^) : And then it took up the (^Sword^) , and went back to the place, at which before it stood, with a (^Mastiff-Dog^) by it as before, and pointed the top of the (^Sword^) into the Ground, and said, (^In this place lies buried the Bodie of him, whom I murdered in the year 1635. Which is now rotten and turned to Dust^) . Whereupon (^Goddard^) said, (^I do adjure you in the name of the Father, Son, and Holy

Ghost, when did you commit this Murder.^) And it said, (^I took Money from the Man, and he contended with me, and so I murdered him^) . Then (^Goddard^) askt him, (^who was Confederate with him in the said Murder?^) And he said, (^None but my self was accessory thereto^) . Then (^Goddard^) said, (^What would you have me to do in this thing?^) And the (^Apparition^) said, (^This is, that the World may know that I murdered a Man, and buried him in this place in the year 1635.^) Then the (^Apparition^) laid down the (^Sword^) , on the bare ground there, whereon grew nothing but seemed to (^Goddard^) to be as a Grave sunk in. And then the (^Apparition^) rushing further into the (^Copse^) , vanished, and saw it no more. Whereupon (^Goddard^) his Brother in Law (^Avon^) , leaving the Sword there, and coming away together, (^Avon^) told (^Goddard^) he heard his voice, and understood what he said, and heard other words distinct from his, but could not understand a word of it, nor saw any (^Apparition^) at all. Which he now also present affirmeth, and all which the said (^Goddard^) then attested under his hand, and affirmed, he (^will depone the same, when he shall be thereto required.^)

[}RELATION. XV.}] [}SOME OBSERVABLE PASSAGES OF GODS PROVIDENCE TO A GODLY MINISTER, IN GIVING HIM FULL CLEARNESS CONCERNIN BESSIE GRAHAM, SUSPECT OF WITCH-CRAFT.}] She was apprehended about the end of (^August 1649.^) upon some threatning words, she had spoken in her drunkenness to (^John Rankins^) Wife in (^Kilwinning^) . Whereupon the poor Woman ten dayes after took Sickness, and shortly died. She was imprisoned in the Steeple, for the space of thirteen weeks, all which time I (the Minister) repared to her, but found her still more and more obdured. In all her discourses she was so subtile, that not only I could get no advantage by her words, but sometimes she made me think, that she was an innocent Woman; so that I was much grieved for her hard usage, if it could have been helped, and had my own secret Wishes, she had never been medled with. Yea, if she could have made an escape, I being innocent of it, I could have been glade: for I feared much, that all we could get proven on her, would not have

been a sufficient ground, for the (^Civil Magistrate^) , to give a warrant, for putting her to an (^Assize^) . Or if they had given a warrant I feared the (^Assize^) would not condemn her unless (^I^) had advised them therto, wherein I was not clear, so that she should have been set at Libertie, and I blamed for it, by reason of my not advising the (^Assize^) to condemn her. At this nick of time one (^Alexander Bogs^) skilled in searching the (^Mark^) , came, being often sent for, and finds the (^Mark^) upon her (^ridge-Back^) , wherein he thrust (^a great Brass Pin^) , of which she was not sensible: neither did any blood follow, when the (^Pin^) was drawn out. I lookt upon this but as a small evidence, in respect of what I found afterwards:yet this some-what inclined the (^Judges^) to send the (^Process^) to (^Edinburgh^) , though there were small hopes of obtaining a (^Commission^) for putting her to an (^Assize^) . My fears deceived me, for I was informed that a Commission was granted, though with difficulty. But here my strait was augmented, for the chiefest man in the parish refuseth to meet professing he thought all that was proven on her, were but (^Clatters^) . And I was informed, that others of the (^Judges^) did say little less. However, I, my self could not but think her guilty: Yet if the (^Assize^) had

put her to it, I was not so clear to advise them, by Reason, that the things were proven but by one Witness. This put me to manie thoughts and Prayers, wherein I did engadge my self to GOD, that if he should find out a way for giving me, and the Assize full clearness, either by her own Confession or otherwise, I should remarke it as a singular Favour, and special Mercy. This Resolution I did often reiterate, (^Lord make me mindful of it.^) After a short time (^Providence^) brought to light the unexpected Presumption of her guiltiness, which did convince me more, than any of the rest. Upon Wednesday 28 of (^November^) in the evening I went to exhort her to a confession, with (^Alexander Sympson^) the (^Kirk-Officer^) , and my own servant with me: After labouring with her in vain, we leave her. But when I came to the stair-head, I resolved to halt a little to hear what she would say. Within a very short space she begins to discourse, as if it had been to some body with her. Her voice was so low, that I could not understand what she said, except one sentence, whereby I perceived, she was speaking of somewhat I had been challenging her of, and she had denyed. After she had spoken this, after a little while I hear another voice, speaking and whispering; as it

were conferring with her, which presently I apprehended to be the (^Foul-Fiends^) voice: but being uncertain, if those who were with me had heard it, so as they could give testimony concerning it, & not daring to ask them, least she hearing our whispering should have spoken no more, I resolved to stand a little longer, she having kept silent a time, upon occasion, as I thought of some little din amongst us, at our hearing of an uncouth voice. She began to speak again, and before she had well ended, the other voice speaketh as it were a long sentence, which though I understood not what it was, yet was so low and ghoustie, that I was certainly perswaded that it was another voice than hers. Besides, her Accent and manner of speaking was as if she had been speaking to some other, and that other voice to my best remembrance, did begin before she had closed, so that two voices were to be heard at once. By this time fear took on (^Alexander Sympson^) , being hindmost in the Stair, and thereby he cries out. I did exhort him with a loud voice not to fear; and so we came all of us down the stair, (^blessing GOD that had given me such a clearness in the business.^) They both who were with me declared, (^They had heard the uncouth how voice, both

the times^) . Within a quarter of an hour I go up again, with two or three able men with me, and brought her down to the School, having placed six men to watch, where she remains at the time of my Writing hereof, (^November 30.^) obstinate and obdured, and I fear she shall be so to her death. [}SOME SPECIAL PROVIDENCIES I OBSERVED IN ALL THESE.}] First, That however we knew nothing at our first apprehending of her, but only that she was of a bad report, and had some boasting words to (^John Rankings^) wife, after which she dyed shortly, yet partly more and more light brake up until so many Presumptions were proven on her, as the (^Civil Magistrate^) did judge it equitable to put her to an (^Assize. (2)^) That (^Alexander Bogs^) came and found the (^Mark^) upon her, at that very nick of time, when there was an inclination to let her go free: which though it did not say much, yet it was a mean to keep her still in Prison. (^(3)^) That a Commission was granted upon more slender grounds, than any which had been granted before: and that the (^Lord^) keeped up the greatest evidence of her guilt, untill the (^Commission^) was obtained, and

the day for the (^Assize^) appointed. (^(4)^) That the (^Commission^) being granted, I was in a great Strait, what to do, no less being presented to me than her (^Blood-guiltiness^) , if I should advise to condemn her, and the sparing of an (^enemy^) to (^GOD^) , if I should not advise. This made the mercy, in giving me so full clearing the more acceptable. (^(5)^) That (^GOD^) did make all other means misgive which I did use, untill he should clear me by these, wherein more of himself was soon. (^(6)^) That before he gave me clearing, I was made to engadge my self, to a special (^Observation^) of his most remarkable Providences towards me. (^(7)^) That I had often thoughts to use these means of trying her, by going to watch in the night, if I could hear the (^Devil^) and her conferring together, but was always hindered until this time, having no such resolution, when I was coming out from her, but only a present purpose to stand but a little, not thinking to hear any thing of this kind, and if she had not presently begun to speak, I would have gone away. (^(8)^) That I myself was present at the hearing of their conference. If it had been any other, I would neither have been so fully satisfied myself, nor yet others who should hear of it. (^(9)^) That not only I, but two with me did hear also, which will make a legal proof. (^(10)^) That I

was born up with courage all the time (^acting Faith in GOD^) , that the (^Foul Spirit^) should not have power to do us harm, though he was so near unto us. (^(11)^) That I heard as much as did give full clearing, that it was another voice, though I could not get any of the words understood. The (^Lord^) thinking it sufficient to loose me out of my strait, though he would not satisfy my Curiositie. (^(12)^) Though I could not get the words understood, yet there was as much evidence as made it clearly appear, it was another voice than hers. As first, that we heard twice. And (^(2)^) that three of us did so think. (^(3)^) That I was in courage, and so my judgement not jumbled by any fearful apprehensions. (^(4)^) That the (^Accent^) and way of her discourse, and in what we did understand of it, was not after the manner, how one regrates a thing to himself, but of one conferring with another. (^(5)^) That the other Voice was to my certain hearing of a different (^Accent^) from hers, so (^hollow^) and (^ghoustie^) , that it was as easie to me to put a difference between them in the mean time, as between the Voice of a Man and the Voice of a Child. (^(6)^) That to my best Remembrance the (^Uncouth Voice began before she ended^) , so that two Voices were to be heard at

once. Lastly, (^Alexander Sympson^) , understood their language, and afterward did depone the words judicially. It is good (^(1)^) For folk to hold on in doing of dutie, though they foresee insuperable difficulties before they come to the end of it. Let a man go on till he come to the difficulty, and ere he come that far on, (^GOD^) will remove it. (^(2)^) Its good in asking Mercies to engadge the heart to some duties of thankfulness, upon the granting of them. (^(3)^) How zealous is the Devil to get Souls damned. That though he be of an excellent substance, of great natural Parts, long Experience, and deep understanding, yet he will so far inslave himself to (^poor Miscreant Bodies^) , as to be ready at their call, to discourse and keep Company with them, that at the last he may get them. (^(4)^) How serviceable and trustie so ever the Devil seems to be unto (^Witches^) , yet he cares not to insnare them at the last: for he could not but know, that we were waiting on to hear him and her: so that on purpose he hath entered in discourse with her, that she might be taken in the (^Grin^) . I come to some other remarkable passages concerning (^Elizabeth Graham^) before her death, giving evidence that she was most guilty of Witch craft, though she died obstinate, and would not

confess. Upon (^Saturday^) night, (^November 13^) . she seemed to incline to a Confession, and promised to (^William Wat^) to tell me to morrow after sermon all that was in her heart. At which time, I had none with me, but (^William Wat^) . When I spake to her, (^She regrated her mispent time, but especially her malice towards myself^) ; which she affirmed the Devil tempted her to. All which time she spake with a very low voice, that although I desired her to speak out, we could scarcely hear her. Whereupon, I enquired the Reason, why she was not able to speak louder? She replyed, (^that when she set her self to speak any thing that was for her Souls good, she dought not get spoken^) . These were her words. (^But if she would scold and flyte, as she used to do, the Devil would give her strength enough to speak as loud as ever she did.^) Within a little I posed her, if she was guilty of (^Witch-Craft^) ? She stareth with her eyes by me, first to the one side, and then to the other: at which time, I think certainly she saw the (^Devil^) . For immediately after, she began to rail upon me, although she had confessed her malice at me, was partly the cause of her greatest grief, and still as she went on in railling, her voice became stronger and stronger,

till at last, she spake as loud as ever she did. Upon (^Munday^) before noon, she was most bitter in her Language. I posed her, what grounds of confidence she had, if it would be well with her Soul? She answered, (^she had no grounds yet; for she had lived a wicked woman, and had not yet repented; but she hoped, she would get Heaven, and get repentance, and a change wrought in her: and though she was to live but a short while, she was sure of it, and that I would soon see it.^) I thought in the mean time she had spoken that in her rage. But after, I perceived the Devil and she had an further design in it, as appears by what follows. That same day afternoon they came, and told me, that she had fallen to pray, and had many gracious words, expressing her own vileness, and the sense she had of GODS Mercy, and with tears, in which strain she continued till after supper. I came then to see her, at which time she was continuing still as before in aggreging her sin, and guilt, and shewing her hopes of Salvation, and her desire to die, and all alongs she had such pithy expressions, and (^Scripture^) so often, and plentifully cited, that I was put to wonder; considering that I had ever found

her altogether ignorant of the grounds of Religion, both before and after she was put into Prison. After I had wondered at it a while, without speaking to her, considering what she had foretold so confidently before noon, I concluded in my own mind, that it was a draught between the Devil and her, to fenzie Repentance in such an odd way, that we might be deceived; being made to think, that she was not a Witch, else she would confess it, seing GOD had given her Repentance. Whereupon I seriously considering the matter, I posed her of guiltinesse, she confessed all the particulars of the Processe, which did not certainly conclude her to be a Witch, but for the rest of the particulars, she denyed, as also the Crime of Witch-craft itself. However, she said, she knew she would die, and desired not to live; and she thought we would be free before GOD of her blood, because, that however she was free, yet there were so many things deponed against her, that though it was hard for us to think otherwise of her than we did, yet she knew well enough her own innocency.

Thus I have written all these particulars, as I found them in the Authentick Record written by the Ministers own hand. She was soon after executed, and died without any acknowledgement of Witchcraft. [}RELATION XVI.}] [}ANENT THE APPARITION OF SIR GEORGE WILLIERS.}] Some few days before the (^Duke^) of (^Buckingham^) went to (^Portsmouth^) where he was Stabbet by (^Felton^) , the (^Ghost^) of his Father (^Sir George Williers^) appeared to one (^Parker^) , a religious and sober man, who had been a servant to the said sir (^George^) , but now servant to the (^Duke^) his Son, he appeared to him (I say) in his Morning-Chamber-Gown, and charged him to tell his Son that he should decline that Employment and Design, he was going upon, or els he would certainly be murdered. (^Parker^) promised to the Apparition to do it. The (^Duke^) making preparations for his Expedition, the Apparition came again to (^Parker^) , taxing him very severely for his breach of Promise, and required him not to delay the acquainting his (^Son^) of the danger he was in.

Then Parker the next day tells the (^Duke that his Fathers Ghost had twice appeared to him, and had commanded him, without any further delay, to give him that warning.^) The (^Duke^) slighted it, and told him, he was an old (^Doting Fool^) . That night the Apparition came to (^Parker^) a third time, saying, (^Parker thou hast done well in warning my Son of his danger, but though he will not yet believe thee, Go to him once more however, and tell from me by such a Token^) (naming a private token) (^which no body knows but only He and I, that if he will not decline this Voyage; such a Knife as this is^) (pulling a long Knife out from under his Gown) (^will be his Death^) . This Message (^Parker^) also delivered the next day to the (^Duke^) , who when he heard the private Token, believed he had it from his (^Fathers Ghost^) . Yet said he, that his honour was now at the (^Stake^) , and he could not go back from what he had undertaken, come Life come Death. This passage, (^Parker^) after the Dukes Murder communicated to his fellow Servant (^Henry Celey^) , who told it to a Reverend Divine a Neighbour of mine (saith my Author) from whose Mouth I have it. This (^Henry Celey^) has not been dead above

twentie years, and his habitation for several years before his death was at (^North-Currie^) , but three miles from this place. My friend the Divine aforesaid was an intimate Acquaintance of this (^Henry Celey's^) , and assures me he was a Person of known Truth and Integrite. [}RELATION XVII.}] [}ANENT HATTARAIK AN OLD WARLOCK.}] This mans name was (^Sandie Hunter^) , who called himself (^Sandie Hamilton^) , and it seems was called (^Hattaraik^) by the (^Devil^) , and so by others, as a Nick-name. He was first a Neat-herd in (^East-Lothian^) to a Gentle-man there. He was much given to (^Charming^) and cureing of Men and Beasts by (^Words^) and (^Spels^) . His (^Charms^) sometimes succeeded, sometimes not. On a day herding his kine upon a Hill side in the Summer time, the (^Devil^) came to him in form of a (^Mediciner^) and said (^Sandie, you have too long followed my trade, and never acknowledged me for your Master. You must now, take on with me, and be my servant

and I will make you more perfect in your Calling.^) Whereupon the man gave up himself to the (^Devil^) , and received his Mark, with this new name. After this, he grew very famous throw the Countrey, for his (^Charming^) and cureing of diseases in Men and Beasts, and turned a vagrant fellow, like a Jockie, gaining, (^Meal^) , (^Flesh^) , and (^Money^) by his (^Charms^) , such was the ignorance of many at that time. Whatever House he came to, none durst refuse (^Hattaraik^) an alms, rather for his ill, than his good. One day he came to the Yait of (^Samuelstoun^) , when some Friends after Dinner were going to Horse. A young Gentleman brother to the Lady seing him, switcht him about the ears, saying, (^You^) Warlok Cairle, (^what have you to do here?^) Whereupon the Fellow goes away grumbling, and was overheard say, you shall dear buy this ere it be long. This was (^ (\Damnum Minatum\) ^) . The young Gentle-man conveyed his Friends a far way off and come home that way again, where he supt. After supper taking his horse, and crosing (^Tine-Water^) to go home; he rides throw a shadowy piece of a (^Haugh^) , commonly called the (^Allers^) , and the evening being some-what dark, he met with some Persons there that

begat a dreadful consternation in him, which for the most part, he would never reveal. This was (^ (\malum secutum\) ^) . When he came home, the Servants observed terror and fear in his Countenance. The next day he became distracted and was bound for several days. His Sister the Lady (^Samuelstown^) hearing of it, was heard say, (^surely that knave^) Hattaraik, (^is the cause of his Trouble. Call for him in all haste.^) When he had come to her, (^Sandie^) , says she, (^what is this you have done to my Brother^) William? I told him, says he, (^I should make him repent his stricking of me at the yait lately.^) She giving the Rogue fair words, and promising him his Pock full of (^Meal^) , with (^Beaf^) , and (^Cheese^) , perswaded the Fellow to cure him again. He undertook the business, but I must first (says he,) (^have one of his Sarks, which was soon gotten^) . What Pranks he plaid with it cannot be known. But within a short while the Gentleman recovered his Health. When (^Hattaraik^) came to receive his wadges, he told the Lady, (^your Brother William shal quickly go off the Countrey but shall never return^) . She knowing the Fellows Prophesies to hold true, caused her Brother make a Disposition to her of all his Patrimony,

to the defrauding of his younger brother (^George^) . After that this (^Warlock^) had abused the Countrey for a long time, he was at last apprehended at (^Dunbar^) , and brought into (^Edinburgh^) , and burnt upon the (^Castle-hill^) . I have insert this story, which I had from the Gentlemans own Brother, a thing well known at that time thorow the Countrey, not so much for any great matters in it, as that it may be an occasion to me to speake a little of (^Charms^) . The word (^Charm^) , or (^Incantation^) comes from the Latine word (^Carmen^) , signifying a (^verse^) , because the (^Roman-Southsayers^) gave their (^Charms^) in (^Verse^) . It is only a strange composure of words to blind the Understanding of People, pretending that by vertue of Words great matters may be brought to pass. But words of themselves, either spoken or written, (as these charms) have no force to bring any thing to pass. It is only the power of (^Almighty God^) . (^Charming^) is much practised by the (^Pope^) , and the (^Romish-Church^) . Their whole form of (^Religion^) both in private and in publick consisting of (^Charms^) of all sorts. (^Pope Leo^) had a (^Charm^) , which he said he had from an (^Angel^) , who taught him, that whosoever carried that (^Charm^) in writ about him, and said every day three

(^Pater Nosters^) , three (^Aves^) , and one (^Creed^) , shall not that day be conquered of his enemies, nor be in other danger ghostly or bodily, but shall be protected by these holy names of (^Jesus Christ^) written, with the four (^Evangelists^) , and Crosses between them, as [^CROSS OMITTED^] (^Jesus^) # [^CROSS OMITTED^] (^Christus^) [^CROSS OMITTED^] (^Messias^) [^CROSS OMITTED^] (^Soter^) # [^CROSS OMITTED^] (^Emanuel, &c.^) It is still a common practice among the (^Papists^) to carry (^Charms^) about them, to make them (^Shot-Free^) when they go to (^War^) , as also hath been found by experience in the late (^Irish Wars^) , many of the Idolatrous (^Irish^) being found with (^Charms^) in their Pockets, composed by the (^Popish Clergy^) . They make their (^Holy Water^) by a (^Charm^) or (^Conjuration^) thus. (^I conjure thee, thou Creature of Water; in the name of the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost, that thou drive the Devil out of every Corner of this Church and Altar; so that he remain not within our Precinks, which are Just and Holy.^) This is used in the Dedication of their Churches. Thus by (^Holy Water^) , they not only conjure the Devil from their (^Churches^) , but from (^dwelling Houses^) , from (^Meat^) and (^Drink^) , from (^Salt^) upon the Table. They dedicate their (^Bells^) in (^Steeples^) , which have power to clear the (^Air^) from (^Devils^) . It is likewise a sort of

(^Charm^) , which many Witches have prescrived namely to cut the (^Rouan-Tree^) between the two (^Beltan days^) . If any Man or Woman, Horse, or Cow shall have a piece thereof upon them, no Devils or Fairy shall have power, to medle with them. An old Woman whom I read of, used this (^Charm^) , when she went to Bed. (^Matthew, Mark, Luke^) and (^John, The Bed be blest that I ly on.^) Another Old Woman taught her Neighbour this (^Charm^) , when the (^Butter^) would not (^Churn^) . (^Come Butter come, Come Butter come^) , Peter (^stands at the Gate, Waiting for a Butter'd Cake, Come Butter come.^)

[}RELATION. XVIII.}] [}THE APPEARING OF THE GHOST OF MISTRIS BRETTON.}] Doctor (^Bretton^) late (^Rector of Ludgate^) , at (^Deptford^) , lived formerly in (^Herefordshire^) , and married the Daughter of (^Doctor Santer^) . This Gentlewoman was a person of extraordinary Piety, which she expressed as in her life so at her death. She had a Maid, that she had a great kindness for; who was married to a near Neighbour, whose name as I remember, was (^Alice^) . Not long after her death, as (^Alice^) was rocking her Childe in the evening, she was called from the Cradle by one knocking at the Door, which being opened, she was surprised at the sight of a Gentlewoman, not to be distinguished from her late (^Mistris^) , neither in Person, nor Habit. She was in a morning Gown, the same in appearance with that she had often seen her (^Mistress^) wore. At first sight she expressed very great amazement, and said, were not my (^Mistris^) dead, I should not question but you are she. She replyed, (^I am the same that was your Mistris, & took her by the hand which^) Alice (^affirmed was cold as a Ston.^)

She added, (^that she had business of great importance to imploy her in, and that she must go immediately a little way with her. Alice^) trembled and beseeched her (^to excuse her, and entreated her very importunately to go to her Master, who must needs be more fit to be employed.^) She answered, (^that he who was her Husband, was not all concerned, but yet she had a desire rather to make use of him, and in order thereunto had several times been in his Chamber, but he was still asleep, nor had she power to do more than once uncover his feet towards the awakening of him.^) And the Doctor said, that he did hear a walking in his Chamber in the Night, which till now he could give no account of. (^Alice^) next objected, (^that her husband was gone a Journey, and she had no one to look to her Child, that it was very apt to cry vehemently, and she feared if it awakened before her return, it would cry it self to death, or do it self mischief.^) The Apparition replyed, (^the Child shall sleep till your return.^) (^Alice^) seeing there was no avoiding it, sorely against her will followed her over a Style into a large Field, who then said to her, (^observe

how much of this Field I measure with my Feet.^) And when she had taken a good large and leisurely compass, she said, (^all this belongs to the Poor, it being gotten from them by wrongful means, and^) charged her to go, and (^tell her Brother, whose it was at that time, that he should give it up to the Poor again forthwith, as he loved her, and his deceased Mother.^) This Brother was not the Person, who did this unjust act, but his Father. She added, that She was the more concerned, because her name was made use of at some (^Writing^) , that related to this Land. (^Alice^) askt her (^how she should satisfy her Brother, that this was no Cheat or Delusion of her Fancy.^) She replied, (^tell him this secret which he knows, that only himself and I are privy to, and he will believe you. Alice^) having promised to her to go on in this Errand, she proceeded to give her good advice, and entertained her all the rest of the Night, with most heavenly and divine discourse. When the Twilight appeared they heard the Noise of Horse-Bells. Whereupon the (^Apparition^) said, (^Alice^) , I must be seen by none but your self, and so she disappeared. Immediately (^Alice^) in all haste runs home,

being thoughtfull for her Child, but found it as the (^Apparition^) had said, asleep as she left it. When she had dressed it and committed it to the care of a Neighbour, away she went to her Master the (^Doctor^) , who amazed at the account she gave him, sent her to his (^Brother in Law^) . He at first hearing (^Alice's^) Story and Message, laughed at it heartily. But she had no sooner told him the secret, but he changed his Countenance, and told her, he would give the Poor their own, and accordingly he did it, and they now enjoy it. This with more circumstances many times has been related by (^Doctor Bretton^) himself, who was well known to be a Person of great goodness and sincerity. He gave a large Narrative of this (^Apparition^) of his Wife to two of my Friends, saith my Author. First to one (^Mistris Needham^) , and afterwards a little before his death to Doctor (^Whichcot^) . [^WELSH (OF IRONGRAY), JOHN. AN ALARM TO THE BACKSLIDING GENERATION IN THE WEST OF SCOTLAND. BEING THE SUBJECT OF A SERMON, UPON JOHN XX. 27, 28. GLASGOW: JOHN M'CALLUM, 1741. PP. 12.1-24.18^]

[}THE SERMON}] John xx. 27,28. (^Then said he to^) Thomas (^reach hither thy Finger, and behold my Hands, and reach hither thy Hand, and thrust it into my Side, and be not faithless but believing; and^) Thomas (^answered and said unto him, My Lord and my God.^) We have in this Chapter, something concerning Resurrection of our Lord Jesus Christ: His Enemies had gotten their Will, as they thought; they had gotten him crucified, and laid in the Grave, and a Stone laid on the grave to hold him down, and Soldiers set to keep the grave: But one Moment our Lord could not be keeped longer than his Time came to arise; and when the Angels came down to remove the Stone, the Soldiers durst not hinder it, altho' they were commanded by their Rulers, but ran away like terrified Men, as if a thousand with drawn Swords had chased them; they durst stay no longer. Now he is risen, and his Disciples know not of it; a few Women are only telling something of it: And the first Visit he makes was to the Apostles; he knew well where they were, and then he came to them in the Evening of the same Day when he arose; they being in a close Room, and the Doors shut, when they met together; which was the first Conventicle we read of, and it was the first Sabbath, or Lord's-day, that was celebrated after his Resurrection, and our Lord's first Salutation is; Peace be among you, I am risen again. The Disciples were glad when they heard the Lord, and doubtless were overjoyed; and (^Thomas^) one of the twelve was not there: And the next Visit he makes, which was the same Day eight Days, or next Lord's Day, and

(^Thomas^) was there, and he had said before, Except I see in his Hands the print of the Nails, and put my Finger into his Side, I will not believe; and the Lord did not say, (^Thomas^) thou art too peremptory, unless thou hast thy Sense satisfied, thou wilt not believe; must I satisfie thee above all the rest? Our Lord Jesus was so condescending, that before he would have (^Thomas^) unsatisfied, he would rather his Wound should be opened afresh: And he says, Thomas (^reach hither thy Finger, and behold my Hands; and reach hither thy Hand, and thrust it into my Side; and be not faithless, but # believing^) : And this is Christ's Condescendency to (^Thomas^) , and he is made to cry out, (^My Lord, and my God^) . There are three or four Things, I would take Notice of. 1. The Time when he appeared, it was the very same Day he arose from the dead. 2. The Persons to whom he appeared, it was to the Disciples, tho' they had all forsaken him and fled, and could not watch with him one Hour. 3. The End wherefore he appeared, it was for Confirmation of their Faith, and that all was written in the Scriptures might be fulfiled. 1. The Time when he appeared to his Disciples, it was the very same Day he arose from the dead, he know they would all be in trouble till they saw him, and therefore that same Day he goes to them. 2. While they were met for the Worship of God, 'tis then he trysts with them; they that would have God trysting with them, must tryst with him in his own Way; so 'tis ordinary that God comes to Folk, when they are met together in his Name. How comes it that God is not with Curates, and their preaching? They have left God's Way, and People who go to them, have left God's Way, in that they countenance and concur with them. And therefore the Presence of God is not to be found there. 3. To whom he comes, it is to his Disciples, they had all forsaken him in the midst of his Trouble, and could not watch with him one Hour; and yet for all this he does not cast them of, but as soon as he is risen he goes to them.

In general, when the Lord has amind to appear for his People, and to appear in the greatness of his Strength for them, he blots out all their Iniquities as a thick Cloud, and remembers them no more. Wherefore was it, that our Lord, when he arose, bade the Women go tell his Disciples and (^Peter^) , that he was risen? but only to confirm their Faith. Go tell my Disciples and (^Peter^) . It may be, (^Peter^) will think I # will never look upon him again. But when he has amind to go to a People, he will set his feet upon many Provocations: Tho' his Disciples had fled and gone to their own Houses, yet he comes to them and tells them he was risen; and his rising and coming to them is to confirm their Faith: They were very ignorant, notwithstanding all the Miracles they saw, by being with him, as Luke xxxiv. The two Disciples going to (^Emaus^) , he was necessitated to open up the Scriptures to them concerning himself. O! is it not much Condescendency in our Lord, to have appeared to them, who were so ignorant of him, that had been so long a Time with him; and yet they were altogether ignorant that he was to suffer: We may see from this that Folk may live under lively Ordinances and Means of the Gospel, and yet may be under gross Ignorance and Darkness, and ignorant of many Things about their Salvation, and the great Fundamentals of their Faith, as is clear in the Disciples: O Sirs! in this (^West^) of (^Scotland^) , # has much of the Gospel shined, tho' to little Purpose: But ye that are Parents, labour to supply the Defect of the want of the Ministry, and catechise your Servants and Children, as ye would not be guilty of their Blood. Now in the 27. Verse. there is a great Act of God's Condescendency to (^Thomas^) ; Reach hither thy Hand, says he, see ye not the print of the Nails? he condescends as it were, to let him ripe up his Wounds. Again, he says not to him, ye see me and hear me, and all the rest believe in me, neither (^Peter^) , nor # (^Andrew^) , nor any of the rest are seeking that which ye seek, and must your misbelieving Mind be satisfied? ye

will not believe as the rest that are to believe, and never have seen me upon Hazard; he says not so to him, but he is willing to satisfie his Senses, by letting him see his Wounds; he is so condescending that he says, Reach hither thy Hand, and thrust it into my Side, for (^Thomas^) if thou believe me not, I'll be content to suffer over again, to strengthen your Faith: I'll be content that my Wounds be opened again. Neither did the Lord say to him, may not that satisfie you that satisfied the rest, but our Lord condescends so to satisfie this Man, as he was content he should put in his Hand, where the Spear was put, rather than he did not believe. 2. We have the Effect that our Lord's Condescendency wrought on (^Thomas^) , that he was made to cry out my Lord, my God, he is mine own; I'll stand no longer out. 1. Our Lord Jesus Christ is God full of Condescendency a low stooping God. 2. That the Condescendency of our God should have a strong Influence on Sinners who hear of him, and feel him, so as to make them close in earnest with our Lord Jesus Christ: For clearing of this Doctrine, I shall 1. Show wherein the Condescendency of Christ doth appear in general, for all Men. 2. Wherein the Condescendency of Christ doth appear in general for all the Elect, but more particularly for some of the Elect. 1. The Condescendency of God doth appear in his laying aside the Robes of his Glory, wherein he had been clothed for Eternity, and in taking on our Nature. O! what great Condescendency of God was this, for him who thought it no Robbery to be equal with God, for him to put on our Nature, and come down and ly in the Womb of a Virgin three Quarters of a Year, and then to come forth into the World, and have no where to lay his Head on, and being at the Well of (^Samaria^) , to be refused a drink of Water, and in all his Travels to be put to live upon the Charity of others, and last of all to be led as a Sheep to

the Slaughter, and then to the Cross to be denied by his Disciples, and laid in the Grave. 2. The Condescendency of our God appears to the Elect in this, his continual standing at the Door, and knocking, and crying, Behold me, behold me, Rev. iii. 20. (^Behold. I stand at the Door, and knock, if any Man will hear my Voice, and open the Door, I'll come in, and sup with him, and he with me^) . O! where was there ever such an one calling to Sinners, as blessed Jesus Christ, as Cantic.v.2. (^Open to me, my Sister, my Spouse, my Dove, my Undefiled.^) 3. Look to his Condescendency, when he goes up riding in triumph to (^Jerusalem^) as a King; he does not ride on a prancing Horse, lest poor Things should not have known him; but he goes up riding on a Colt the Foal of an Ass, that if any poor Body, had an Errand to him, he was not far from the Ground to hear them. 2. I shall give some Instances of God's Condescendency to some of the Elect. 1. His entring into a Covenant with Man, after the Covenant of Works was broken, he entered into a Covenant with Man, and came from Heaven to save Man. 2. Ye have one particular Instance of God's Condescendency in that of (^Gideon^) ; the Angel says, O (^mighty Man the Lord is with thee, go and save^) Israel; and (^Gideon^) seeks a Sign, and the Lord grants it; and the first doth not satisfie, but he seeks another, and the Lord condescends at his Request, and grants that also. O! how great was this Condescendency in God? Another particular Instance is that of (^Jonah^) ; (^Jonah^) # was angry that God should have speared (^Nineveh^) , and the Lord said, (^Jonah^) dost thou well to be angry, and God caused a Gourd to come up in a Night, and cut it off in a Night, and (^Jonah^) was wroth for the Gourd, and the Lord said, Art thou angry for want of the Gourd, for which thou didst not Labour, and

should not I have Compassion on (^Nineveh^) , wherein are so many Souls, &c. So he stoops to reason with (^Jonah^) , and to reason him out of it. A (^fourth^) particular Instance of his Condescendency to some Men, is Christ's washing of his Disciples. Feet in the xiii. of (^John^) ; having loved his Disciples, and to shew them an Example, he takes Water and a Towel, and began to wash his Disciples Feet. O! wonder at this, for the God of Glory to wash the Feet of Fisher-men; that he might say, I have stooped this low, that I might learn you to condescend one to another, and when our Lord and Saviour did so to his Disciples, how much more is it our Duty to condescend one to another. A (^fifth^) Instance is in the Words, Thomas (^reach hither thy Hand, and thrust it into my Side, and be not faithless, but believing^) . Must Sense be satisfied then (^Thomas^) ? Rather than thou believe not, I'll die over again. O! but the Man that would be a Believer, he must stoop low. What makes such Debates among Christians? It is want of Condescendency one to another, which they never learned from our Lord. There are some Folk think it a point of Grandure, to stand to their Points; but if ye would learn at Christ, ye must condescend one to another. 2. Observe from the Words; and that is the Effect of our Lord's Condescendency, and what it wrought on (^Thomas^) ; then the Doctrine is clear, that Christ's Condescendency ought to have strong Influence on Sinners, so as to make his People to close with him, and to take him for their Lord, and for their God; so it was with (^Thomas^) : O! who now can stand out, and not close with him that hath stooped so low? So the Condescendency of God especially to Sinners, and mainly to yourselves, O but it ought to have strong Influence on you! Were ye never as yet under guilt, and durst not come to him for Shame. Surely if it

were so, he would have made the more of you, as he did of (^Ephraim^) . (^Is^) Ephraim (^my dear Son? is he a # pleasant Child? since I spake against him, I do earnestly remember him still^) : A great Condescendency in our Lord, when we deserve hardest handling from him, we are oftentimes most treated of by him. Let this then engage you to God. For use of the point; let the Proofs of God's # Condescendency, that ye have been trysted with, engage you to God: Ye had this doubt, and he has loosed it at such a Place; ye had this guilt, and that guilt, and God has pardoned it. Guilt came in and disquieted my Soul, and God gave me a new Manifestation, and has thrown Sin out of Doors. Should not this cause his own cry out, my Lord, and my God. And to you that are without Christ, Christ our Lord comes this Day to you upon his Knees, beseeching and seeking you this Day. O! will ye not take him, who is the King of Glory, that comes, and is willing to make Friendship with you, 2 (^Cor^) . v. 19. We as Ambassadors for God, and from God, beseech you this Day to be reconciled to God: We pray you come and close with him; and that is, as if God were doing it himself, and is not this great Condescendency? let God's Condescendency have this Effect on you, so as to make you close with him, and cry, My Lord, and my God; give but your consent, and he'll be content to reason the Matter with you, and reason you out of it; he seeks no more of you, but to make you come and close with him. I shall 1. Shew you on what Terms the Lord offers himself to close with you this Day. 2. I shall shew you after what Manner, ye shall close with him. 3. I shall shew you some Motives, as Arguments to perswade you to close with him.

4. I shall show what are the Impediments that ly in the Way of your closing with Christ. 5. I shall labour to draw some Uses from the Point, in order to a closer Application. 1. As to the Terms of your closing with him, on which Christ offers himself; the terms are universal to all and every one: Had they never so much Sin and Guilt reigning over their Heads, yet to them our Lord stands and crys, Behold me. He stretches out his Hands this Day, not only to his own, but also to all the Rebels which are here this Day, as that, Luke v. 17. (^And it came to pass on a certain Day, as he was teaching, that there were Pharisees and Doctors of the Law sitting by, which came out of every Town of^) Galilee, Judea, (^and^) Jerusalem: (^and the Power of the Lord was present to heal them^) . The Scribes, and the Pharisees were a wicked People, and yet the Lord's Power was present to heal them; so the Offer is free to all that come. 2. As to the Terms; he offers himself, if People would but hearken, Psal. xlv. 10. (^Hearken, (O Daughter) and consider, and incline thine Ear, forget also thine own People, and thy Fathers House^) . And Psa. lv.3. (^Incline your Ear and come unto me, hear and your Soul shall live, and I will make an everlasting Covenant with you, even the sure Mercies of David^) . And then the Terms is set down in (^Hosea^) iii. As the Prophet was to do with the adulterous Woman, you must abide by him, and not be for another. O! be content to take him, and abide by him, and stay with him. Jer. iii 19. (^Ye shall call me, My Father, and shall turn no more away from me^) . Isa. xxvii. 4. (^If any Man will set Briars and Thorns before me, I'll go through them^) . But it follows, (^Let them take hold of my Covenant, and make Peace with me^) . (2.) As to the Manner how ye shall close with him, so as to do it over again.

1. Ye must close understandingly with Jesus Christ; ye must know what he suffered for you, and what he did for you, and what he purchased for you, before ye can close aright with him. 2. Ye must close with him, with your whole Soul; that must be done, ye must do it willingly and cheerfully: (^He makes his People a willing People in the Day of his Power^) , Psal. cx. 3. 3. Ye must close with him freely; take him in all his Attributes, and in all Crosses as well as Comforts, and in his Person. 4. In your closing with Christ, you must take Christ for your King, with Conscience, Will and Affection; if you would close aright with Christ, you must be determinate and resolved in your closing with him, that neither Life nor Death shall separate you from him; ye must go beyond (^Ruth^) to (^Naomi^) ; ye must go on a Step with (^Paul^) , that # neither Life nor Death shall separate you from Christ. 5. It must be your present Work this Day, to take him for all that the Father has made him to be. (^To Day if ye will hear his Voice, harden not your Hearts^) , Psal. xcv. 7, 8. The 3. Thing as to the Motives to perswade you to close with him. is, 1. God's peremptory command which ought to be obeyed, that ye close with him; this is his Commandment, (^That ye believe on the only Son of God^) . 2. As he bids you, so he invites you to come and close with him; (^Whosoever will, let him come, and take of the Water of Life, freely^) : None are excluded, but them that exclude themselves. 3. As he bids and invites, so he has warned you to do it; when Conscience challengeth you close, then it is high Rebellion for you to forbear to close with Christ: Many will go through many a Hazard for Advantage, and some will go the Straits for Gain, and not find it; but here is the Gain that shall make you up for ever. Then close with Christ, and all his Promises, to have Justification, Adoption, and

Sanctification; to have him, and Peace, and Glory with him; to have Peace with God, and Peace with the Soul, and the Joy of the holy Ghost, begun here. In the next Place, we urge you on the account or your safety to close with him; for ye cannot be saved without him; (^for he that believes not, is condemned # already^) . (3) Let your Necessity move you to close with him. (^Peter^) in (^John^) vi. 68. could say, (^To whom shall we go, thou hast the Words of eternal Life^) . Consider your Necessity of him, and see if that will make you content to close with him, or else ye are for ever undone without him. (4) If ye close with him, he will take it as a compleat Satisfaction, for all the Travel of his Soul he has been at, and he reckons it as a Piece of Credit to trust him; but when he is not believed, he reckons it as a great Affront done to his Majesty. (^He that believes not, makes God a Liar^) . Another Motive to press you to close with him, is such; That if ye will not close with him, God will have a sad Libel to lay to your Doors; your not closing with him shall be worse than your Drunkenness, Adulteries, or Theft; (^This is the Condemnation, that Light is come into the World, and Men love Darkness rather than Light, because their Deeds are Evil^) . If I had not come and spoken says Christ, they had not sinned, but now they have no cloak for their Sin. I offer to make you wife, and that is, to take him for Righteousness, Sanctification and Redemption to his People. A Motive to press you to close with Christ is, that if ye will not obey and close with him ye shall be found guilty of the Blood of Christ, and Despisers of the Covenant, wherein ye have been sanctified; if ye refuse him ye shall be found guilty of the Blood of Souls, that have perished under Curates, and also guilty of all the Blood of our Martyrs that have died by our Nobles, therefore if ye will not close with Christ this Day, take home with

you all the Blood of Ministers and Professors, for it shall be laid to your charge. The (^fourth^) Thing we are to speak of, what are the Impediments that ly in the Way of your closing with him. The (^first^) Impediment is Ignorance of God, of Christ, and of Holiness, and because of their Ignorance they will not obey him, also what is spoken of him is not believed. What hinders sinners from closing with him? what can ye say against our Lord, that ye will not close with him. Bind up your Loins and answer for yourselves, what ails you at out Lord? Says some I dare not do it. Is it Presumption to obey the Kings command, for this is his command, (^that ye believe on the Name of the Son of God^) ? Is it presumption, when he is so earnest to have thee? and wilt thou dispute the Command, as King (^James^) and King (^Charles^) , when they came to the Crown, they opened the Prisons to all, except those that were guilty of Treason, and brought them forth? Some object, I dare not come for Sin. I answer if ye had all the Sins of this Congregation this Day, I say come away and close with him, though thou wert a Witch, and has covenanted with the Devil, yet break that Covenant, and come away and close with him, and that shall not hinder you. Says some I dare not come to close with Christ, I have played the Traitour after for many Engagements to him, and I have broken all Vows that were upon me, and I dare not take him, for I'll never keep him, I answer the Cause of this was that ye trusted over much to your own Heart, and your Heart has beguiled you, therefore now put it once to God, and pray God to keep thee, and thy Heart, and he has promised, (^that his Power shall be present to heal thee^) . Return, O backsliding

Children unto the Lord, and say as the (^Jews^) did, Jer. iii.22. (^Behold, we come unto thee, for thou art our God^) . Some object, they dare not come, when we know not, say they, that we are elected? Who art thou that disputest that? Secret Things belong to the Lord, and revealed Things to us. O therefore away to him, (^he that comes to me, I will in no way cast out^) . Some object, and say, I cannot do it, for I cannot get this Heart of mine, nor my Hands out of Prison, for I would do it if I could. Hast thou no Power? Then the Lord's Power is present here this Day, to heal thee and help thee; therefore do what thou can; as the Man that had the withered Hand, he bids him stretch it out, and tho' he could not do it, yet his endeavouring to stretch out his Hand, God made it effectual. Some object, I have no Heart for Christ, and therefore I dare not come? I answer, come with the Heart thou hast; come and regrate, that ye have not a Heart for him; and that will be reckoned on your Part of closing with him; (^Whosoever will let him come and take of the Water of Life freely^) . The (^last^) Thing I press on you, is a more closs closing with Christ. O know ye not what I am! or Oh! do ye take these to be the Words of God, or not, what say ye to it? A closer Application, I would draw from the Words. Oh and alas! what shall we say to you? O you hard hearted Men and Women, for we speak to you the greatest Matters under Heaven this Day, and yet ye are not affected with it; believe me, your Countenance and Carriage speaks forth, that there are sad Things abiding (^Scotland^) . O lamentable to see such a Frame on Men, where the Gospel has shined; we beseech you, as ye tender the Welfare of your own Souls, and as ye would stand

at the right Hand of God; if ye have any respect to our immortal Souls, that ye would tender his Command, and come and give your Consent and close with him; what say ye to it? will ye take him or not? What have ye resolved to do? will ye close or not with Christ? will ye ever do now or not? will ye forsake Sin now, or be shut out of God's Presence for evermore? Have ye laid this to Heart, that God is in earnest with you this Day to close with him. What will ye do in Time to come? Know ye who I am? I am a Messenger of the living God, who like a Messenger at Armes, and an Herauld, do sound the Trumpet of the great King of Heaven this Day, and come to charge your Consciences, and summond you to answer that great King, whose Message I bear. The Lord give you Grace to make a right use what has been said, and to his Name be praise. (\FINIS.\) [^THE TRYAL OF PHILIP STANDSFIELD SON TO SIR JAMES STANDSFIELD OF NEW-MILNS, FOR THE MURDER OF HIS FATHER, AND OTHER CRIMES LIBEL'D AGAINST HIM. EDINBURGH: BY THE HEIR OF ANDREW ANDERSON, 1688. SAMPLE 1: PP. 3.1-6.17 SAMPLE 2: PP. 16.42-23.45^]

[}THE TRYAL OF (^PHILIP STANDSFIELD^) , SON TO SIR (^JAMES # STANDSFIELD^) OF (^NEW-MILNS^) , FOR THE MURDER OF HIS FATHER, AND OTHER CRIMES LIBEL'D AGAINST HIM.}] (\Curia justitiaria S.D.N. Regis, tenta in praetorio (^Burgi^) # de (^Edinburgh^) , Sexto die Mensis (^Februarii^) 1688. per Nobilem & Potentem Comitem, # (^Georgium^) Comitem de (^Linlithgow^) , Dominum (^Livingstoun^) , &c. # Justiciarium Generalem totius regni (^Scotiae^) , & honorabiles viros, Dominos, # (^Ioannem Lock hart^) de (^Castlehill^) , (^Davidem balfour^) de (^Forret^) , (^Rogerum # Hodge^) de (^Harcarse^) , & (^Ioannem Murray^) de (^Drumcairn^) , Commissionarios Justitiariae dicti, # S.D.N. Regis. Curia Legitime affirmata.\) INTRAN (^Philip Standsfield^) eldest lawful Son to Umquhile Sir # (^James Standsfield^) of (^New-milns^) , Prisoner within the Tolbooth of (^Edinburgh^) . Indyted and Accused at the Instance of Sir (^John Dalrymple^) # younger of (^Stair^) , His (^Majesties^) Advocat for His Highness Interest: That where # notwithstanding by the law of God, the Common Law, Law of Nations, Laws and Acts of Parliament of this Kingdom, and constant Practice # thereof, the expressing of malicious and seditious Words to the Disdain # of His Sacred (^Majesties^) Person, and contempt of His Royal # Government, such as Drinking or Wishing Confusion to his (^Majesty^) , is # high Treason, particularly by the (^2d Act 2d. Sess. Par. 1st K.Ch. 2d.^) of ever Glorious # Memory: The Plotting, Conceaving or Intending Death or Destruction to the King's (^Majesty^) , # or any bodily harm, leading to Death or Destruction, or who shall by Writing, # Printing, or other malicious and advised speaking, express and declare such their # Treasonable Intentions, after such persons, being legally Convicted thereof, they shall be # Deemed, Declared and adjudg'd Traitors: And the Cursing, Beating, Invading, or # Assassinating of a Parent by a Child, above the age of sixteen years, who is not Mad and # Furious, is punishable by Death, and Confiscation of Moveables: And of all other # Murders, Paricide is the most attrocious and unnatural; And Murder under Trust is # punishable as Treason, with forefaulture of Life, Land and Goods, and particularly by the # 20 (^Ast, 1st. Sess. 2d. Par. K. Ch. 2d.^) The King's (^Majesty^) and Estates of Parliament, # Considering how great and atrocious a Crime it is for Children to beat or curse their Parents, and # how the Law of God hath pronounced just Sentence of Death against such, as shall # either of these wayes injure either of their Parents; Therefore the King and Estates of # Parliament did Statute and Ordain, (^That whatsoever Son or Daughter, above the age of sixteen # years, not being Distracted, will beat, or curse either their Father, or their Mother, # shall be put to death without mercy.^) And sicklike, by the (^51 Act, 11 Par. K. Ja.6.^) It is # Statuted and Ordained, (^That the Murder or Slaughter of whatsomever of the Leidges where the party # slain is under the Trust, Credit, Assurance, and Power of the Slayer, All such Murder or # Slaughter to be committed in time coming, the same being lawfully Tryed, and the person dilated found # guilty by an Assize thereof, shall be Treason, and the person found culpable shall Forfault Life, # Land and Goods;^) as in the saids Laws and Acts of Parliament at more length is contained. # Nevertheless it is of Verity, that the said (^Philip Standsfield^) shaking off all fear of God, # the Bonds and Tyes of Nature, and cristianity, regard and obedience to the saids Laws and # Acts of Parliament, did dare and presume to commit the saids horrid and detestable Crimes, in # swa far as, upon the first, second, third, or one or other of the Dayes or the Moneths of # (^June^) , (^July^) , (^August^) , or (^September^) last by-past, or one or other of them, he did, # within the House and Kitchin of (^New-milns^) , call for Ale to drink some Healths, and in the # presence of (^John Robison^) , then his Fathers Servant, (^Agnes Bruce^) likewise his Fathers # Servitrix, and several others, he did as most villanous and avowed Traitor, presume and dare to # begin a Health to the

Confusion of his sacred (^Majesty^) , his native Soveraign, and # did drink off the same, and caused others in his company do the like. And sicklike Sir # (^James Standsfield^) of (^New-milns^) his Father, having caused educat and bring him up decently, # and in plenty conform to his rank and quality, and having left no means unessayed for his # Literature, Education, and Subsistence; Yet he being a profligat and debauched Person, # did commit, and was accessory to several notorious Villanies, for which both at home and # abroad he was apprehended and detained Prisoner, as in the (^Marshall Sea-Prison^) in # (^South-wark^) , in the publick Prisons of (^Antwerp^) and (^Orleance^) , and several other places, and # tho his Father out of his natural compassion to him, did cause release him out of these Prisons, # in which he was so justly confined, he no sooner had his Liberty than he of new invented # and went about his villanous practices and debauches: And his Father at last perceiving # that nothing could reclaim him from these and the like proceedings, having signified his # inclinations to disherish him, and in order thereto, having disponed his Estate in # favours of (^John Standsfield^) his second Son; The said (^Philip^) did thereupon conceive, harbour # and intertain an hellish malice and prejudice against the said Sir (^James Standsfield^) # his father, and most barbarously did declare, threaten and vow at several times that he would # cut his Throat. And particularly upon the first, second, third, or remanent dayes of the # moneths of the year, 1680, within the house of (^James Smith^) in (^Nungate^) of # (^Haddingtoun^) : And upon the first, second or third, or one or other of the dayes of the Moneths of # (^January^) , (^February^) , (^March^) , and remanent moneths of the year, 1687. within the house of (^James # Baikbie^) Fermorer in (^New-milns^) , and within his Fathers own house of # (^New-milns^) , and in the house of (^William Scot^) there. And upon the first, second, third, # or one or other of the dayes of the Moneths of (^January^) , (^February^) , # (^March^) , and remanent moneth of the year of God, 1683, 1684, and 1685 years, when he was # both in (^Brussils^) and (^Breda^) , and several other places, both in (^Holland^) and # (^Flanders^) , and in Prisons within which he was detained in the City of (^London^) and (^Southwark^) , or upon # one or other of the days, of one or other of the Moneths of the saids years, or either of them most # wickedly, unnaturally, and bitterly, rail upon, abuse and curse, the said Sir (^James # Standsfield^) his natural and kindly Parent. And being transported with rage and malice, he did, # contrary to the light and tyes of nature, not once, but often, and frequently curse his # father, by bidding, and praying the (^Devil^) to take him, and the devil rive him, God damn # him, and swear, if he had a sword he would run it through him, and if ever he came to # (^Scotland^) , he would be avenged upon him. And particularly upon the [^BLANK IN ORIGINAL^] day # of (^November^) last, which was the last time his father went to (^Edinburgh^) , he did most # impiously and unnaturally Imprecat, God let him never return, and God let him never see his face. # And frequently when he saw his fathers diet taken to him, he used to say, God # grant he may choak upon it; and at other occasions, when his father refused to eat, he # was in use to say, God let never more be in his stomach than was in it then. And upon the first, # second, third, or one or other dayes of the moneths of (^September^) , (^October^) , # or (^November^) , last by-past, or one or other of them. His mother being recovered out of a # sownd, and having said to him, (^Philip^) , ye will shortly want your mother, which will # be a gentle visitation to Sir (^James^) your father. To which he did answer: By my soul my # father shall be dead before you, mother: and about eight dayes after, he upon the like # occasion did renew the same words: As also he was in use to declare, that though at # present he had neither clothes nor money, yet shortly (and no body did think how soon) he # would be Laird of all and then would use other persons, as they did use him now: And # at other times declared that before Christmass he would be Laird of all; which curses # and Imprecations, he the said (^Philip Standsfield^) , by a continual habit, used, and # repeated these several years by-past: and lately some few moneths, or weeks, before his Fathers # murder. And not satisfied therewith, the said (^Philip^) did proceed to that # degree of unnatural cruelty, and malicious spite, and enmity against his father, that upon the # first, second, third, or one or other of the days of the moneths of (^January^) , # (^February^) , (^March^) , and remanent moneths of the years of God, 1680, 1681, 1682, 1683 and 1684 years. or # one, or other of the days, of one or other of the moneths, or one or # other of the saids years, he did attempt to assassinat, and offered violence to his fathers # person, and did chase and pursue him upon the King's high way at (^Lothian-burn^) , and # did fire Pistols upon his father And likewayes upon one or other of the dayes, of one or other # of the moneth of one or other of the years of God above specified, he did # attempt to assassinat his father

for his life, at (^Culterallors^) , and did fire Pistols upon # him; And his father being afraid of his life, and under the apprehension of Violence, from the # cruel and bloody hands of the said (^Philip^) , his unnatural son, he did to several # persons, both of quality, and intire reputation, declare, that the said (^Philip^) his son, had both # attempted to assassinat, and offered violence to his person, and that he was devising, and # contriving his death. And the said Sir (^James Standsfield^) his father having upon the # [^BLANK IN ORIGINAL^] day of (^November^) last gone from the Citie of (^Edinburgh^) , to his own house of # (^New-milns^) , and about ten a clock at night, or thereby, having gone to his own Chamber, in order # to his rest, and being alone in the roum, under the credit, trust, and assurance of # the said (^Philip^) his son, and his own servants within his own family, the said (^Philip^) did # consult, and advise, and correspond with some other persons, within and about the House for the # time, to assassinat and cruelly murder his said father, and particularly with (^George # Thomson^) in (^Newmilns^) , and (^Helen Dickson^) his Spouse, and (^Janet Johnston^) Spouse to # (^John Nicols^) there, in the house of the said (^George Thomson^) many times, particularly the # (^Saturdays^) night, immediately preceeding the murder, where he cursed his Father, and said he should # shortly make an end of him, and be Master of all: And accordingly he and they # did murder and strangle him in his Bed-chamber, and in the dead-time of the night, did # carry and transport him from the said Roum, to the water, near by the House, and laid # his Body down upon the Water-side, and tyed a stone about his neck, to make him sink # in the water, and before he was thrown therein, he went back with his accomplices to a # little kiln near by, and consulted and advised, whether it were more fit to throw # him in the water, with the stone about his neck, to make him sink, or to take away the # stone, least when he should be found, it might thereby appear that the stone had been tyed by # some other hand than his own, and at last resolved to take away the stone, and throw his # Body in the water, which they returning, did accordingly, and some persons being # accidentally in the house at the time, they did hear a noise of many tongues and voices, to # their great terror and amazment; and the next morning very early, some of the servants in the # house, having come to the Roum, where his said Father did ly, and having missed # him out of the Roum, gave notice thereof, to some others of the servants; He # declared that he had been seeking him about the water pools, and a noise and cry having risen, # search and enquiry was made for his said Father, (and by him seemingly amongst the # rest) and after some time his Body was found in the water hard by his own house, and # being dead, and his neck broken before he was thrown in the Water, his Body did neither # sink to the ground, nor receive water, (as all drowned Bodies are in use to do) and he # knowing where his Fathers Body had been put, went on the Sabbath morning directly to the # place where his Body was in the water, and stood a considerable space upon the # water side, directly opposite to the Body, with his eyes fixed on the same, before # his Body was found or known to any others than Murderers; and when (^John Topping^) # (a stranger) passing that way, and ignorant of the whole matter, or that Sir # (^James^) was amissing, called to him, and asked, who was that in the water? He made no answer, but # went away from that place straight to (^Newmilns^) , and gave no intimation to him, # or any other person, what he had seen in the water, but appeared surprised when his Body # was found there, by other persons, and his Fathers Body being taken out of the water, # the same was by his order, carried to a dark out-house; and though he was desired by the # Friends and Servants present, to suffer his Fathers dead Body to be carried to his own # house, and kept therein, and not to be buried till his Friends in (^Edinburgh^), and # else where, and Physicians in (^Haddingtoun^) , or near by, might see the same: Yet he # refused so to do, and caused bury the dead body of his Father privatly, and in haste: And the # noise having spread abroad, that his Father had been barbarously murdered by him and his # accomplices, order was given by these in Authority, to cause open the grave, that # Physicians and expert Chyrurgians might inspect his Body, and make Report anent the # Truth of the Matter: And accordingly by the Report of the saids Chirurgians who # inspected the Body, it did appear, that his Father was cruelly strangled and murdered, and # not drowned, and that he had been cast in the water, of purpose to conceal the same: # And when his Fathers dead body was sighted and inspected by Chirurgians, and the clear # and evident signs of the murder had appeared, the Body was sewed up, and most carefully # cleaned, and his nearest Relations and Friends were desired to lift up his Body to the # Coffin: And accordingly (^James Row^) Merchand (who was in (^Edinburgh^) the time of # the Murder) having lifted

the Left side of Sir (^James^) his Head and Shoulder, and the # said (^Philip^) the Right side, his Fathers Body though carefully cleaned, as said is, so as the # least Blood was not on it, did (according to God's usual Method of discovering Murders) # blood afresh upon him, and defiled all his hands, which struck him with such a # terrour, that he immediately let his Fathers Head and Body fall with Violence, and fled from # the Body, and in consternation and confusion cryed, Lord, have mercy upon me, and bowed # himself down over a seat in the Church (where the Corps were inspected) wiping # his Fathers Innocent blood off his own murdering Hands upon his Cloathes. By all # which it is manifest, that he did most traitorously express his hatred and malice to his # (^Majesties^) sacred Person, by wishing and drinking to his confusion, and causing others to # do the same. And likewise, that he did not only unnaturally curse, invade, attempt to # assassinate or beat his said Father, but under trust and assurance, barbarously and tresonably did # strangle, kill, and murder him in manner forsaid, and is actor, art and part of # the forsaids Crimes, or one or other of them; which being found by the Assyse, he ought to # be punished for the treasonable Crimes above-specified, with forefaulture of Life, Land, and # Goods, and for the other Crimes above mentioned, Capitally, and with the pains # of Death, and Confiscation of Moveables, to the Terror and Example of others to commit # the like hereafter.

(^Edinburgh^) , the seventh of (^February^) , 1688. (^Philip Standsfield^) Prisoner, being this day entered on # Pannal, dilated, indyted and accused for the treasonable drinking of the King's confusion, cursing # his Father, and for the cruel and unnatural murdering of him in manner mentioned in # his Dittay. The Interloquitor above-written was this day read again in # presence of the Pannal, and the Assisers after-named, (^viz.^) [^LIST OF NAMES OMITTED^]

The Assise lawfully sworn, no Objection of the Law in the # contrary. His (^Majesties^) Advocat for Probation adduced the # Witnesses after deponing, (^viz.^) (^John Robertson^) late Servitor to Sir (^James # Standsfield^) of (^Newmilns^) , aged twenty four years, unmarried, purged of malice, prejudice, hatred, ill # will, and partial Counsel, and solemnly sworn, Depones, a little time before harvest last, # the Pannal being in the Kitchin of (^Newmilns^) , in the deceast Sir (^James Standsfield's^) # house, where the Deponent was likewise present, he saw the Pannal (^Philip Standsfield^) take # a Cup of Ale, and heard him say, There is the Popes confusion, the Antichrists, the # Chancelours, and the Kings confusion, and put the Cup to his Head, and drank a little, and then gave # it to (^Samuel Spofforth^) , and commanded him to drink it, and made him drink it on his # knees; depones, that there were likewise besides (^Samuel Spofforth^) , # (^Jeremy Smith^) , (^Agnes Bruce^) and (^Elspeth Jameson^) ; and depones that (^Philip Standsfield^) the Pannal # was not drunk at the time: Depones that at the naming of the several Confusions above-mentioned, # he still drank a little of the cup; And this is the Truth as he shall answer to # God: The Deponent further depones that he said to the Pannal, after the drinking of the # saids Confusions, that it was Treason, and he answered, ye dog what are you concerned? # ye do not understand to whom ye speak; (\Sic subscribitur.\) (^John Robertson.^) (^Agnes Bruce^) Servant to the deceast Sir (^James # Standsfield^) , aged twenty four years, unmarried, purged, and sworn, Depones, That a little before Harvest last, # she being in the Kitchin of (^New-milns^) with (^Philip Standsfield^) the # Pannal, she saw him take a Cup of Ale, and drink the confusion of the Pope, and the King, and heard # him bid (^Samuel Spofforth^) sit down on his Knees and drink the same, which accordingly he # did, after this the Deponent went up Stairs, and knows no more what past at that time, but # heard they drank more confusions; Depones, that about a week after, it being # talked in the house, that he had drunk the confusions aforesaid, he said to the Deponent, # God damn him if he knew who divulged it, he would be their Death: And this is the # Truth as she shall answer to God, depones she cannot write; (\Sic subscribitur.\) # (^Linlithgow.^) (^Samuel Spofforth^) late Servitor to Sir (^James # Standsfield^) of (^New-milns^) , aged 19 years, unmarried, purged and sworn, Depones, that a little before # Harvest last, the Deponent was in the Kitchin of (^New-milns^) with (^Philip Standsfield^) # the Pannal, where he heard him drink a confusion to the Pope, Antichrist, and the King, and # to the Devil, and the Pannal prest the Deponent to drink the same confusions upon his # knees; Depones, (^John Robertson^) , (^Agnes Bruce^) , (^Jeremy Smith^) and (^Elspeth Jameson^) were # all likewise present at that time, and that these confusions were drunk severally: And this # is the Truth as he shall answer to God. (\Sic subscribitur.\) (^Samuel Spofforth.^) (^John Robertson^) above design'd being Re-examined, purged # and sworn, Depones, That the Deponent being at (^Morum^) Castle after Harvest last, in # order to give a call to a Minister, the Deponent having met with (^Philip Standsfield^) the Pannal, # he said to him, ye are a wise lad, if ye have subscribed that Bond, the Devil take # him, and particularly, the Devil take his Father, and named his Father; depon'd that at # another time in the midst of Harvest last, the Deponent, and Sir (^James Standsfield^) the # Pannal's Father being going to (^Smeiton^) with a Minister, the Pannal asked him, where he and # his Father was going? And the Deponent answered, that he was going to (^Smeiton^) # with his Father; And the Pannal (^Philip Standsfield^) said, Devil let never one of them # come back again, Horse nor Man: Depones further, That several times, and frequently, when # the Deponent has been seeking the Pannal to come to Dinner with his Father, the # Pannal's ordinar answer was, the Devil damn him, and you both, and Devil rive him, for I # will not go to him, and if he had a sixpence a day, he would not go near him, for his # Father girned upon him like a Sheep-head in a tongs, and that he has heard him say # sometimes, God damn his Father. And this is the Truth as he shall answer to God. (\Sic # subscribitur.\) (^John Robertson.^) (^William Scot^) Clothier in (^New-milns^) , aged 30 years, # married, purged and sworn, Depones, that betwixt (^Michaelmass^) and (^Martinmass^) last, the # Pannal (^Philip Standsfield^) having come to the Deponent's Shop, and asked for some Tobacco, the # Deponent said to (^Philip^) , his Father would not let him want money to buy Tobacco; and # the Pannal (^Philip^) said, the Devil take him and his Father both, for there never came # an honest man out of (^York-Shire^) ; Depones his wife was present with him, when # that Discourse past: Depones he cannot write. And this is the Truth as he shal answer to # God: (\Sic subscribitur\) (^Linlithgow.^)

(^Agnes Bruce^) above-designed being Re-examined, Purged, # and Sworn, Depones, That she did hear the Pannal usually vow and swear that he would # kill any person that offended him, and that the Pannal did haunt much with (^Janet # Johnstoun^) , (^George Thomson^) and his Wife, and that he went frequently out of his Fathers House # after Supper to these persons; and further Depones, that she has heard the Pannal frequently # curse his Father, and bid the Devil damn him, and rive him, and swell him; and that # she has frequently heard him express his hatred and abhorrance of his Father, and that # he could not abide to see his Father: Further Depones, that the (^Munday^) at Night before # Sir (^James^) came to (^Edinburgh^) , the last time he was in it, being about a Fourth-night before # his death, the Deponent was ordered to call the Pannal to his Mother after he was gone # to his Chamber, and that accordingly she did it, and when the Pannal came down, the # Deponent left him with his Mother alone, and when she was without the Door, she heard # him say to his Mother several times, (^God damn him if he did it not^) , and desired # his Mother to take a good heart, for as long as he had, she should not want: Depones, she knows # what he meaned by these Words, but knows there had been a little Quarrel betwixt # Sir (^James^) and his Lady that same Night: Further Depones, that on (^Tuesday^) # thereafter, when Sir (^James Standsfield^) was going into (^Edinburgh^) , she did hear (^Philip # Standsfield^) the Pannal say in his Mothers Chambers (his Father not being present) God let him never # return, God let him never see his Fathers face again, the Devil go with him, the # Devil rive him, and take him away, and that there was no Body in the Roum at the time, # but the Pannal and his Mother, and the Deponent was at the Door; Further Depones, that # about a moneth before, Sir (^James^) having reproved the Pannal, upon the occasion of # an Accompt given in by (^William Anderson^) Brewer, she did hear the Pannal say in # his Mothers Chamber (Sir (^James^) not being present,) God damn him if he should not do # ten times worse, and that he could not endure to see his Fathers face, and that he had # hated his Father these six or seven years: Further Depones, that about a Fourth night or # twenty days before Sir (^James^) his death, it being said that (^Philip^) was to go to Town with # his Father, she heard him say, he would be hang'd ere he went with him. Let him go, the # Devil go with him, and let him never return, and this likewise in his Mothers Chamber, # and in her presence: Depones, the Pannal did ordinarly shift occasions of being in his # Fathers Company: Depones, that the (^Friday^) before Sir (^James^) his death, she knows that # the Pannal and (^Janet Johnstoun^) were a considerable time together in the Pannal's Chamber, # where the Deponent heard (^Janet Johnstouns^) tongue, but doth not know if (^George # Thomson^) and his Wife were with them: Depones, that on the (^Wednesday^) before Sir (^James^) # his death, (^Philip^) having cursed some of the Servants, the Deponent said to him, God be # thanked, he was not their Master, and that he answered her with on Oath, she knew not # how soon he might be their Master: Further Depones, that she thought Sir (^James^) not so # merry as his ordinar the night before his death, but that he conveyed Mr. (^Bell^) to # his Chamber, and thereafter came down to his own, and the Deponent having desired to speak with # Sir (^James^) , his Servant (^John Robertson^) told her she could not, because his # Chamber-door was shut, and he was gone to Bed, and that she did then see Light in his Roum, # and when she was going away, found the Hall-door which was without his Chamber-door # shut, and that the Hall-door was not usually closed in the night-time, except Sir (^James^) # had done it himself, and which he did but once in the two or three Nights: Depones that # on the (^Saturdays^) night when Sir (^James^) came home, he did go to his Ladies Chamber, # where he stayed not a quarter of an hour, and that his Lady fell a quarreling of # him, for going to another House before he came there, and that the Deponent came out of the # Chamber, and knows not what more past there. Depones the next morning, when Sir # (^James^) was mist, the Deponent went in to his Roum to put on a Fire, and found the # Bed better spread up than it used to be, and the Curtains more drawn about it, and # the Candle which usually was at the Bed-head, she found it standing on a Chair at the # Bed-foot. And further Depones, that when the Defunct's Body was bringing up to the House, the # Deponent would have had him brought to his own Chamber, but (^Philip^) # swore that the Body should not enter there, for he had not died like a Man, but like a # Beast. Depones, that the Body was then put in the (^Walk-miln^) (but knows not if # (^Philip^) caused do it,) and that the Body from that was brought to a Cellar within the # Clois where there was very little light. Depones that she did not see any water come out # of his Mouth, and that when the Deponent lifted up the Linen-sheet, which was over him in # the Cellar, some of them

caused let it down again, for it was not fit to let the Body be # seen. Depones, that (^Janet Johnstoun^) was present with the Body in the Cellar with the # rest, and though it was known that neither Sir (^James^) , nor his Lady would look upon her # for a good time before, nor was she openly seen about the House, yet that morning she went # to the Ladies Chamber, as soon as the Body was taken out, and the Deponent was # present, and saw her come in, and well enough taken with. Depones she heard (^Philip^) after # his Fathers Death, Greet and Cry, but saw no Tears. Depones, immediately after his # Fathers Body was found, he would have forced his Fathers Chamber-door, it being shut, # but the Key being gotten, it was opened, and he entered in, and first took his Fathers # Gold and Money out of his pocket, and then got the Keys, and searched the # Cabinet, and that within an hour after his Father was brought from the water, he got the # Buckles of his Fathers shoes, and put them in his; Depones, that on the (^Munday^) after Sir # (^James's^) Death, the Lady and (^Janet Johnstoun^) having quarrelled together about some # remains of the Holland of the Woonding-sheet, (^Philip^) came down out of his own Chamber, # and the Deponent heard him say to (^Janet Johnstoun^) , hold your peace when I command # you, for he would reward her well for the kindness she had done to him at that Time; # Depones, that when the order came from (^Edinburgh^) to raise the Corps again, the # Deponent did meet (^George Thomson^) the Taylor, and perceived him shaking and trembling, # and asked him, what troubled him? and that his Answer was, he heard the blackest # Newes that ever he heard in his Life, for Sir (^James's^) Body was to be raised again, # and said he would sew no more in the House of (^New-milns^) for the World, and carried the # Mournings to his own House; Depones, she knows nothing of false Keys made use of about the # House, only she heard the Lady say, that there were: Depones, (^Philip^) had no # lockfast place in the house, except a little Coffer, and that it once being opened, the Deponent # did see several Keys within it, and that he offered once the Key of one of the Roums # to the Deponent, but the Deponent took it not, because she had the ordinar Key of # the Roum; Depones, that (^Philip^) was in use to ly alone, but that after his # Fathers Death, he would not ly in a Roum alone at (^New-milns^) , and that he declared to the # Deponent, that he was afraid to be alone in a Roum, either Night or Day, and that he sleept # not the Night after his Father died, and that he should not go into the Roum where his Father # lay, if once he had the Cabinet out of it. Depones, That short time before Sir # (^James^) died, the Lady having fallen in a Swond, and the Deponent having told (^Philip^) of it, # (^Philip^) came to his Mothers Chamber, and that his Mother told him then, that he was like in a short # time to loss his Mother, and that he answered in the Deponents hearing, that his Father # should be dead first: and Depones, that some few dayes thereafter, in his Mothers # Chamber again, and in the Deponents hearing, he renewed the same Words with an Oath. # Further Depones, that two Nights after Sir (^James's^) Death, the Lady told to # the Deponent, that something then came in her Mind which she had heard, to wit, that # (^Philip^) before he went to (^London^) , when he was in his Pomp, having heard that Sir (^James^) was to # give his Estate to his second Son, in the House of (^Iames Smith^) in the # (^Nungate^) , had vowed to kill his Brother, and the like, or little less to his Father, and that # thereafter when they were coming in to (^Edinburgh^) , the lady renewed again to the Deponent the same # words, and added, what if they should put her Bairn in Prison. And this is the truth as # she shall answer to God. Depones she cannot write. (\Sic subscribitur.\) (^Linlithgow.^) (^John Shand^) sometimes Servitor to Sir (^James # Standsfield^) , aged 43 years, unmarried, purged and sworn, Depones, that a little after (^Philip # Standsfield^) the Pannals Marriage, the Pannal and the Deponent being in (^James Smith's^) House, in # (^Nungate^) of (^Haddingtoun^) , the Pannal did expostulat with the Deponent that his Father dealt # too narrowly with him, he being then married, and the Deponent told the Pannal that # his Father was in straits, and exhorted him to be dutiful to his Father; thereafter the # Pannal said, if I knew my Father would give his Estate to my Brother (^John^) , I would cut his # Throat; and the Landlord of the House being by, and present, and surprized, cryed out, # God preserve me, what means the Man? the Land-lord understanding by the word, # (^his^) , his Father; And though the Deponent took the expression in the same sense, as # (^James Smith^) did, yet the Deponent endeavoured to excuse it, by saying, it was not his # Father that he meaned, but his Brother, or his man (^Donald^) , and the Pannal being # present said nothing for clearing of the expression, whereupon the Deponent went away, and left the # Pannal, and could

not endure to stay longer in his company: Depones the night # before Sir (^James's^) death being the (^Friday^) , the Deponent was with Sir (^James^) in # his Chamber in (^Edinburgh^) , where the Defunct was reading a Sermon-book, and appeared to be sad, # and said to the Deponent I have no comfort in my Wife and Family; And this is the truth # as he shall answer to God. (\Sic subscribitur.\) (^John Shand.^) Mr. (^Roderick Mckenzie Advocat^) being solemnly Sworn, and # Purged, depones, That about eight days before Sir (^James Standfield's^) death, the # Deponent and he having met in the Parliament Clos, the Defunct invited him to take his # Morning Draught. And when they were gone to Mr. (^Sheil's^) House, the Deponent # perceiving him to be in some concern, the Deponent asked him, what troubled him? The Defunct # answered, that he had no satisfaction at home; whereupon the Deponent said, that # People reported that he was partly the occasion of it, having disherished his Son the # Pannal, and acquainted him therewith: And the Defunct answered, ye do not know my Son, # for he is the greatest Debauch in the Earth: and that which troubles me most is, that # he twice attempted my own person; And this is the truth as he shall answer to God. # (\Sic subscribitur.\) (^Rod. Mckenzie.^) (^Archibald Dumbar^) Merchand in (^Edinburgh^) , aged 26 # years, Married, Purged, and Sworn, Depones, that the Deponent having met with the deceast Sir # (^James Standsfield^) at (^Culter^) ; But he does not remember positively the time, but it was # either in the year of this Kings Parliament, or the Harvest before, and Sir (^James^) and the # Deponent, and some other company being in a Roum: Sir (^James^) was discoursing of his # Sons undutifulness, and within a little while having heard a shot at the outer door of the # house, and the Deponent and others offering to go out to see what the matter was; Sir # (^James^) was unwilling to let them, lest they should come to hazard. And thereafter having # heard another shot, they did offer to go down again, Sir (^James^) still diswaded them, # and said, that it might be his distracted Son (^Philip^) . And they having enquired, if # he was in the Countrey, and how he came to fear any harm from him, Sir (^James^) said, he # believed he was in the Countrey, and that in his going South he had followed him to # (^Lothian-burn^) , and shot two Pistols, first one, and then another at him; and if it had not been # that Sir (^James^) was well horsed, and his Son (^Philip^) upon a work-horse, he had killed # him. And (^Samuel Meinzies^) having said he was sure there could not be Ball in them. Sir # (^James^) said, he had gotten too many proofs of his Sons unnaturality to him, that he had # no will to be in his reverence. Depones that Sir (^James^) all that night went not to Bed, and # the Deponent sat up with him, and conveyed him in to (^Edinburgh^) . And this is # the truth as he shall answer to God. (\Sic subscribitur.\) (^Archibald Dumbar.^) Mr. (^William Clerk^) Advocat, purged, and sworn, Depones, # that having frequent occasions to be with Sir (^James Standsfield^) , and he having desired # him to draw a Disposition of his Estate to his son (^John^) . Sir (^James^) did complain of # his Son (^Philips^) undutifulness to him. And the Deponent having diswaded him to do it, since his # Son (^Philip^) might be reclaimed: Sir (^James^) said, no, he had no expectation of it; For when # he was at the (^Leadhills^) , there was some Pistol shot at him, which he was sure came from # his son (^Philip^) . And this is the truth as he shall answer to God. (\Sic # subscribitur.\) (^William Clerk.^) Mr. (^John Bell^) Minister of the Gospel, aged 40 years, # (\Solutus\) , purged and sworn, produces a written Declaration signed under his hand, upon what he # knows, relating to the Murder. And Depones the same is truth as he shall answer to # God. (\Sic subscribitur.\) (^John Bell.^) (^Follows the tenor of the said Declaration.^) The Declaration of Mr. (^John Bell^) , in answer to several # Interrogators proposed by His (^Majesties Advocat^) , before the Lords of the Committee of # the Council. (^Imprimis^) , I declare, that at Sir (^Iames # Standsfield's^) earnest desire, I went from this Town with him to (^New-milns^) ; and that by the way I discerned # nothing but sound Judgment, and Reason in Sir (^Iames^) , for his discourse was both # rational and pertinent, and that both at Supper that night, and after Supper, his discourse was # rational, and his carriage most civil, and he was pleased to accompany me to my Chamber, and # sat with me there, (as I supposed) until it was about ten a Clock at night, # discoursing pertinently, and to good purpose.

2=o=. I declare, that having slept but little, I was # awakened in fear by a cry (as I supposed) and being waking, I heard for a time a great dinn, and # confused noise of several voices, and persons sometimes walking, which affrighted me # (supposing them to be evil wicked Spirits.) And I apprehended the Voices to be near the # Chamber door sometimes, or in the Trance, or Stairs, and sometimes below, which put me # to arise in the night and bolt the Chamber-door further, and to recommend my self by # Prayer for Protection, and Preservation to the Majesty of God; and having gone again to # Bed, I heard these voices continue, but more laigh till within a little time, they came # about to the Chamber Window; And then I heard the voices as high as before, which increased # my fear, and made me rise again to look over the Window, to see whether they # were men or women; but the Window would not come up for me, which Window looked to # the Garden, and Water, whither the voices went on till I heard them no more, only # towards the morning I heard walking on the Stairs, and in the Trance above that # Chamber where I was lying. 3=o=. I declare that I told the Woman who put on the fire in # my Chamber that Sabbath morning, that I had rested little that night through dinn I # heard, and that I was sure there were some evil Spirits about that house that night. 4=o=. I declare that about an hour after day, (^Philip^) # came to my Chamber, and asked if Sir. (^James^) came to that Chamber this morning, and told me # that he had been seeking him upon the Banks of the Water; unto which I replyed, I have not # seen your Father, but what mean ye by the Banks of the Water? whereupon (^Philip^) # without answering went down Stairs immediatly, and within a little time, I followed # to see what he meaned, and having gone without the Gate, and up the Cawsey that leads to # the Manufactory; One came running, and said, they had found Sir (^James^) lying in # the Water, whereupon I was stricken with such astonishment, fear, and trembling, that I # could go no further, but returned trembling to the Chamber, and having sitten down on the # Bed-side, I said to an honest man who accompanied me, this is the saddest day that # ever I saw; my affrightment in the night, was terrifying to me, but this is more grievous, # and having gone to an honest mans house, where I took horse that morning, I said, # if the Majesty of God did ever permit the Devil, and his instruments, to do an honest # man wrong, then Sir (^Iames Standsfield^) has received wrong this last night, which the # Lord will discover in his good time. 5=o=. I declare that after my return from (^Morum^) , that # Sabbath evening, (^Philip^) told me that he had advertised several friends at (^Edinburgh^) , and # that he was expecting the Commissary amongst others that night, whereupon I commended what he had # done, in sending for such intelligent persons, and that for two reasons. (1.) # Because it was necessary his Fathers body should be sighted. (2.) Because they could advise # him about his Burial. (^Philip^) answered, that he was seen by these that took him # out of the Water. But I replyed, that was not enough, for the Murder committed was either a # violent Murder, or a distracted Murder; and having described what a distracted # Murder was (upon (^Philips^) relating some distemper his Father had been in some years formerly) I # said, That I conceived no person could come to such a high Act of Frenzie, to do such # a thing, but it would be known on him many hours, yea some days before; But I could # testifie, that Sir (^Iames^) was in his right reason yesternight at ten a clock, wherefore # I inclin'd to think it was a violent Murder committed by wicked Spirits; And so advised, that the # Corps might be sighted by the nearest Physicians, and Friends, and the honest men # living in that Town; nevertheless they went and buried Sir (^Iames^) that night, without either # acquainting me, or several honest Persons who lived in the place. Mr (^Iohn Bell^) # depones his above-written Declaration is truth, as he shall answer to God. (\Sic # subscribitur.\) (^Linlithgow. John Bell.^) Sir (^Robert Sinclar^) of (^Steinstoun^) , purged and sworn, # Depones Sir (^Iames Standsfield^) being at the Deponent's House, told the Deponent, that he # regrated that his Son (^Philip^) had mispent his Time and Money, and when he came Home from # (^London^) , he was ashamed to tell how he came on him in his Chamber, at (^London^) ; And # this is the Truth as he shall answer to God. (\Sic subscribitur.\) (^Ro: # Sinclar.^) (^Iames Murehead^) Chirurgion, aged 32 years, married, # purged and sworn, Depones, that after the Deponent and (^Iames Craufurd^) Chirurgion had # opened the Corps, about

the Neck, and sewed it up again, and removed the foul Linen, # and put on again the clean Linens, in doing whereof they were obliged to shake the # Body to and fro, and move the Head back and foreward: The Deponent desired that the # Friends might lift the Body, and put in the Coffin, and that the Pannal having come # and lift up the Head, he did let it fall upon the Table suddenly, and that it made a # considerable noise at the falling, and that the Pannal retired back quickly rubbing his # Hands on his Breast, and crying, (^O God! O God!^) and some such other Words, and that the # Deponent being astonished thereat, looked to the Corps, and as the Pannal did take away # his hand from it, did see it darting out Blood through the Linen, from the # left side of the Neck which the Pannal touched, and that the Deponent was amazed at # the sight, partly through the Darting out of the Blood, and partly through the # apprehension he had of the Murder. Depones, he saw no Body touch the left-side of the # Defunct's Head the time it bled, but the Pannal, Depones that as soon as the Deponent # recovered out of his amazment, he cryed to his Boy to give the Pannal some Triacle-water, # which he did; but Depones he did not see (^Philip^) the Pannal return again to the Body # of his Father; Depones when the Deponent and the other Chirurgion were putting on the # clean Linens, and stirring and moving the Head and Craig, he saw no Blood at all. And # this is the Truth as he shall answer to God. (\Sic subscribitur.\) (^Ia: Murehead.^) (^Iames Murehead^) and (^Iames Craufurd^) Chirurgions give # in their Report and Declaration in write, anent the Murder of Umquhile Sir (^Iames # Standsfield^) , which they renewed upon Oath, in presence of the Justices and Assisers, and # whereof the Tenor follows. (^Edinburgh, December^) 1. 1687 (^November^) 30. 1687. we viewed the Corps in (^Morum^) Church. We under-Subscribers (^Iames Craufurd^) and (^Iames # Murehead^) Chirurgions in (^Edinburgh^) , having order from Sir (^John Dalrymple^) his (^Majesties^) # Advocat to go to (^Morum^) , and there to take up the Corps of Sir (^James Standsfield^) , and to # sight and view the same exactly, and if need were to open up the Body, and to consider whether # there appeared any evidence of Wounds, Bruises, or Stranglings upon the Corps, besides # what might have happened by his falling or drowning in the water, &c. In obedience # thereto, we caused take up the saids Corps, and in presence of (^Philip Standsfield^) , Mr. # (^Andrew Melvill^) Minister of (^Morum^) , (^James Hamilton^) Writer to the Signet, (^James Row^) and # (^Alexander Campbel^) Merchands in (^Edinburgh^) , (^Umphray Spurway^) , (^James Dick^) , # (^James Mitchel^) , and (^John Robertson^) Indwellers in (^New-milns^) , and some others, having with all possible # exactness viewed the Corps; We observed the Face, a little swelled and inclining to a dark # reddish colour, some fulness of some capillary Veins in the Pallat of the Mouth towards the # Uvula, as also a large and conspicuous swelling about three inches broad of a dark red # or blae colour, from the one side of the Larinx round backwards to the other side thereof, # we observed the Jugular Veins on both sides of the Neck very large and distended, and # full of Blood; There was a large swelling under and betwixt the Chin and the Cartilago # Scutiformis, there was also a little scratch below the left Mandibula, which had rankled # the Cuticula, and made some little Impression on the Cutis, having made Incision from # the Chin down along the Larinx, and cross upon the swelling of the Neck: We found # a greater laxness and distance (as we think) than ordinary betwixt the Cartilago # Scutiformis and Os hyoides; we found the Tumour on the Neck, containing bruised like dark # or blackish Blood; the jugulars when cut, bled considerably, especially that on # the left-side. Having opened his Breast, we found the Lungs distended to # the filling up their Capacities, but free of water, his Stomach, Liver, &c. were all in good # condition, we found no water within the corps, the Corps had no smell at # all; The Breast, Belly, Privy Parts, &c. were all well coloured, there was no swelling # in his Belly, nor any thing by ordinary to be seen on his Head; This we attest and # subscribe with our Hands, (\Sic subscribitur\) (^James Craufurd. James Murehead.^) (^Edinburgh 6. December 1687.^) In presence of the Lord Arch-Bishop of Glasgow, Lord Tarbat, # President of Session, Advocat, and Castlehill. (^James Murehead^) , and (^James Craufurd^) Chirurgions, # being solemnly sworn in the presence

of the Committee of Council, Depone that the written report # anent the Body of the Deceist Sir (^James Standsfield^) is true, according to # their Skill and this is the truth, as they shall answer to God. (\Sic subscribitur,\) (^James # Crawfurd. James Murehead.^) (^John Glasgow, I.P.D.C.^) (^Edinburgh 7 February^) 1688, in presence of the Justices # and Assisers. (^James Murehead^) , and (^James Craufurd^) Chirurgions, # being solemnly sworn; Depone upon the truth, and verity, of the above-written Declaration # in all points. (\Sic subscribitur.\) (^James Crawfurd, James Murehead. Linlithgow.^) Follows the Chirurgions of (^Edinburgh^) their opinion anent # the said Murder. We under subscribers, Chirurgions in (^Edinburgh^) , having # fully considered the report made by (^Iames Craufurd^) , and (^Iames Murehead^) , # concerning the condition of the Corps of Sir (^Iames Standsfield^) , and though it be not usual to # declare more than matter of Fact, yet in obedience to your Lordships commands, where ye desire to be # informed, if these Symptoms, found upon the Body, do import, Drowning, or # Strangling. We humbly offer our opinion, so far as our Art or Experience # will allow. And whereas the report informs us, that there was found a swelling, and # preter-natural redness in the face, a large and conspicuous Tumour, about three inches # broad, of a dark red, or black colour, from the one side of the larinx, round backwards to the other # side thereof, a large swelling, betwixt the Chin, and the Cartilago Scutiformis, the Jugular # Veins, on both sides very large, and distended, and when Incision was made down-wards, # betwixt the Os hyoid and Larinx was observed a laxness, and distance betwixt the Os # hyoid and the Cartilago scutiformis, Incision being made cross against the Tumour, it # was found full of bruised Blood. The Jugulars likewayes when opened yielding a # considerable quantity of Blood, especially on the left side, no Smel, or corruption appearing # in any part of the Body. It is very probable these parts have suffered some external # violence, which hath made them appear so far different from their natural figure and # colour, and could not be caused by Drowning simply. As to the other part of the report, the # Breast, and Belly, being opened, the Lungs found distended, the Bronchi full of air, # without any water, nor any water found in the Stomach, or Intestines; a Body when # drowned, being generally found to have much water in it, with other # circumstances of the Report considered, Gives just ground to think he was not drowned. # This we subscribe at (^Edinburgh^) , the 3 day of (^February^) 1688. (\Sic subscribitur.\) (^John Baillie Deacon, William Barthwick, George Stirling, Thomas Edgar, James Craufurd, James Murehead.^) (^Follows the Report of the Colledge of Physicians. Edinburgh 6 # February 1688.^) The Colledge of Physicians, being assembled at the desire of # his (^Majesties Advocat^) . To consider a Report made by some Chirurgions, concerning the # Body of the late Sir (^James Standsfield^) , and give their opinion, whether by # the said Report, there is any just ground to believe, that the said Sir (^James Standsfield^) # was Strangled, or Drowned? And they having accordingly considered the said Report, They # are of opinion, supposing the verity of the said Report or declaration, that there is # sufficient ground to believe, that the said Sir (^James Standsfield^) was Strangled, and not # Drowned; in testimony whereof thir presents are subscribed by Sir (^Andrew Balfour^) # President of the said Colledge. (\Sic subscribitur.\) (^A. Balfour. P.C R.M.^) [^MONRO, J. (?). THE SCOTCH PRESBYTERIAN ELOQUENCE; OR, THE FOOLISHNESS OF THEIR TEACHING DISCOVERED FROM THEIR BOOKS, SERMONS, AND PRAYERS, AND SOME REMARKS ON MR. RULE'S LATE VINDICATION OF THE KIRK. LONDON: RANDAL TAYLOR, 1694. PP. 10.1-25.31.^]

They have no distinguishing Garb from Lay-men, and yet # they took upon them to admonish the King's Commissioner in their last # Assembly, for wearing a Scarlet Cloak; and told him plainly, That (^it # was not decent for his Grace to appenr before them in such a Garb;^) upon # which my Lord told them, That (^he thought it as undecent for them to appear # before him in gray Cloaks and Cravats.^) When the Church of (^Arrol^) was # last Year made vacant by the Expulsion of the Reverend and Learned Doctor # (^Nicolson,^) the Elders and Heritors there, whereof many were Gentlemen of # the best quality, met together, that according to the present Law # and constant Practice of the (^Presbyterians^) they might chuse and call # another Minister to be their Parson; after they had unanimously agreed, and sign'd, # and sent a formal Legal Call to Mr. (^Lisk,^) a person of indisputable # Qualifications for the Ministry, in which he has been employ'd with great # Reputation for several Years in the (^North,^) and one who has given signal # Evidence of his good Affections to their present Majesties; my Lord # (^Kinnard,^) Chief Heritor, went with the rest to signifie their Calling of Mr. # (^Lisk^) to the Presbytery; at my Lords entering into the place where the # Presbytery was sitting, he ask'd if they were the Ministers of the # Presbytery; (^Do not you see that we are?^) said the Moderator. My Lord replied, # (^That by their Garb no Body could know them, and that their Spirit was # invisible.^) Now whether it was for this Jest, or because they knew Mr. # (^Lisk^) to be Episcopal in his Judgment, I know not; but this I know, that # these grave New Gospellers, rejected the Call, in despite both of the # Heritors and of their own Law, brought in a Hot-headed Young-man of their own # Stamp and Election. However, that they use no distinguishing Garb, # must be acknowledged to be very congruous; for truly they are but # Laicks, and it will surpass all their Learning, to prove that they are # Ministers of Jesus Christ, but meerly Preachers sent and call'd by the People, # who are generally but very ill Judges of Mens Qualifications for the Ministry; # hence their constant and vast Heats and Divisions about their # calling of able Men. The Mobile ordinarily take their Measures only from the # Appearances of things; and indeed a (^Presbyterian^) Preacher's Out-side is # not his worst for they appear commonly, though in Lay-garb, yet in # Sheeps-clothing; but as we have often formerly, so do we now, feel that they # are inwardly nothing but ravenous Wolves. Now as to their Sermons (which is the main design of this # Paper) they are still upon the Government and the Times, preaching up # the Excellency, of their Kirk Government, which they call Christ, the Crown, Scepter, and Government of Christ. This was an old Custom # among them to preach up the Times, and the neglect thereof they call'd # sinful Silence. When in the former Confusions of the State they violently # intruded themselves and usurped the Government of the Church, which they never had in settled Times. In those days at a publick Synod they openly # reproved one Mr. (^Lighton^) for not preaching up the Times. (^Who^) # (saith he)

(^doth preach up the Times?^) It was answer'd, (^That all the # Brethren did it. Then (says Mr. Lighton) if all you preach up the Times, you # may allow one poor Brother to preach up Christ Jesus and # Eternity.^) But this was never, nor is like to be, The Design of their # Sermons; for trace them in their Politicks, Morals, Misticks, and # Metaphysicks, you shall find them selfish, Singular, and full of Nonsensick # Rhapsodies. These perhaps may seem hard Words, but an (^Ethiopian^) must be painted # black, and that's no fault in the Painter. For their Politicks, there is no Government under the Sun # could tolerate them, if they but act in other Nations as they have done in # (^Scotland^) since their Intrusion there; to instance but in our Times, Did not # Mr. (^Cargill,^) one of their celebrated Preachers, Excommunicate all the # Royal Family, the Bishops and Curats, and all that should hear them and # adhere to them? They, indeed that affect the Name of Sober (^Presbyterians,^) # disown'd these Hill-men, particularly because they refus'd to joyn with them # in Thanking King (^James^) for the Toleration which he granted to them. And # yet such is the disingenuity of these who would be call'd Sober # (^Presbyterians,^) that they cry out, that they suffer'd Persecution; whereas it was # the (^Cameronians^) only, whom they disown, that did suffer anything: For these # others were setled in Churches by an Indulgence granted by the King. # Against which Indulgence, all the Sufferers, like true # (^Presbyterians,^) gave their Testimony, calling it a meer brat of (^Erastianism.^) What Government # could tolerate such Ministers as (^John Deckson,^) whom I nam'd # before, who in a Sermon Preach'd by him in the Parish of (^Gallowsheiels,^) # declar'd, (^That it was all one to Sacrifice to Devils, as to pay Cess to King^) # Charles. The Author of the Review of the History of Indulgence, one of the sober # sort of (^Presbyterians,^) tells, (^Page^) 610. the same of a Preacher # of his Acquaintance. I shall say no more of their Sentiments concerning # Government, but only refer the Readers to their Printed Acts of General # Assemblies, and to those Covenants which themselves have Printed, often # Subscribed and Sworn, and which are now again, for the benefit of Strangers, # publish'd in that excellent Vindication of King (^Charles^) II. his happy # Government in (^Scotland,^) by Sir (^George Mackenze,^) in which its evident # that they plainly renounce Monarchy, and all Power, but that of the # Covenanted Kirk. As to their disposition to live peaceably, I appeal not # only to their Principles vented in these Covenants and Acts of their general Assemblies, # but also to the many private Murthers, and open Rebellions which # they have been guilty of under every Reign, since their first entry into # (^Britain.^) Even in our own days, since 1666, they have rais'd no less than # three formidable Rebellions, besides many lesser Insurrections and Tumults, # wherein many Christians have suffer'd. With what violence did they flee to # Arms, and Persecute all who were not of their Party, upon the occasion # of the late Revolution? When, if it had not been for their indiscreet and # fiery Zeal,

this Kingdom might have been happily united to (^England:^) But # whatever Advantage such an Union might have brought to the Church and # State yet, because it seem'd to have no good Aspect to the Covenanted # Cause, therefore the motion of it, though offer'd, was industriously stifled, # and that oppertunity, which we can hardly hope to recover, quite lost. Nay, under # the present Government, for which they in the beginning pretended # to be so zealous, 'tis well known over all the Kingdom, that they were # last Year contriving by force, without any regard to Authority, to have # the Solemn League renew'd, and impos'd after the old manner, upon all # Men, Women, and Children; and in order to this good end, many Thousands of # them at Field-Meetings in the (^West,^) convened after their # ordinary way, with Bibles and Musquets, Psalm-Books, and rusty Swords, and subscrib'd a # new Association for raising of Men, Horse, and Arms, to advance # the Old Cause, repurge the holy Kirk, and make a thorow Reformation in the # Land. But I shall take occasion by and by to give you some latter # and more evident Instances of their Neglect and Contempt of their present # Governors. In the next place survey them in their Learning, and you # shall find that it lies only in the study of some (^Anty-Arminian^) # Metaphysicks, and in the practical Divinity they pretend to draw from the Heads of # Election and Reprobation, whereby they Preach men out of their Wits, # and very often into Despair and Self-murder. It's generally known, that # (^Joseph Brodie,^) Preacher in (^Forress^) in the time of the late Presbytery, did # in the presence of a very Learned and Eminent Person, take occasion in the # Pulpit to speak of a poor man, who was then in such a desperate # condition, that it was judg'd necessary to bind up his Hands, lest otherwise he # should cut his own Throat, as he continually threatned; of this desperate # Wretch the pious Preacher above-nam'd, pronounc'd thus; (^Sirs, This is # the best Man in my Parish, would to God ye were all like him; he does truly # fear Reprobation which most of you are not aware of.^) There is a common printed Pamphlet, compos'd and publish'd # by a (^Presbyterian^) Preacher, concerning one (^Bassie Clarkson,^) a Woman that # liv'd at (^Lanark,^) who was Three Years in Despair, or to speak in # their Cant, (^under Exercise.^) Whosoever reads that Pamphlet will find, that the # poor Woman's Distemper proceeded only from their indiscreet Preaching, # representing God as a Sour, severe and unmerciful Being. It is known in the # Shire of (^Tiviotdale,^) that Mr. (^William Veach^) murder'd the # Bodies as well as Souls of two or three persons with one Sermon; for, preaching in the # Town of (^Jedburg^) to a great Congreation, he said, (^There are two # Thousand of you here today, but I am sure Fourscore of you will not be sav'd;^) upon which, # Three of his Ignorant Hearers being in Despair, dispatch'd themselves # soon after. And lately in (^Edenburg^) Mr. (^James Kirkton,^) (the # everlasting Comedian of their Party) one of their famous Preachers in that City, # praying publickly for a poor Woman much troubled in Spirit, said, (^A wholsome # Disease, Good

Lord, a wholesome Disease, Lord, for the Soul. Alas,^) said he, # (^few in the Land are troubled with this Disease. Lord, grant that she may # have many fellows in this Disease.^) Not only do they make their People distracted with such # desperate Doctrine as this, but moreover they incourage them in direct Impieties. # Mr. (^Selkirk^) Preaching at (^Musselburg,^) expressed himself # thus, (^God sees no sin in his Chosen; Now, Sirs, be you guilty of Murder, Adultery, # Bestiality, or any other gross sin, if you be of the Election of Grace there is no fear # of you, for God sees no sin in his Chosen Covenanted People.^) And this is consonant # to an expression of Mr: (^Samuel Rutherford's^) printed Letters, (^Hellfulls of # sins cannot separate us from Christ.^) In the Parish of Mr. (^Macmath,^) Minister of (^Leswade,^) # some of those who were lately the most active in persecuting and driving him # from his Residence (even after he had the Privy-Council's Protection, # and a Guard assign'd him for his defence) have since suffered violent # deaths; two of them prevented the Hangman's pains by becoming their own # Murtherers. When the Earl of (^Lauderdale^) and Sir (^George Mackenzie^) # died last year much about one time, the Party who pretend to unriddle all the # most secret Causes of Gods Providence, call'd their Deaths a # visible Judgment, for their being Enemies to the good Cause, altho it be well # known that both these honourable Persons died of a natural Death, in a # good Age, being both of them worn out with their great diligence in # their King and Country's Service (perhaps, indeed, their days were shortned, # by seeing such Firebrands able again to force themselves into the # Church, as had before ruin'd both it and the State, and were the Scandal of # Christianity, as well as Disgrace of their Nation.) But when these # abovenamed Self-Murthers of the Parish of (^Leswade^) had devided (^Judas's^) death # betwixt them, the one hanging himself, the other ripping up his own Belly, # till all his Bowells gushed out: the (^Presbyterian^) Preacher in that # Parish, holding forth next (^Sunday,^) was so ready of Invention as to find Arguments # from thence for the Confirmation of the good Cause: (^Ah Sirs^) (says he) # (^nothing has befallen these Men but what God had from Eternity decreed; and # I can tell you, Sirs, why he decreed it, indeed it was even because # they had gone sometimes to hear the graceless Curates. Ah, Sirs, ye may see # in this Judgment the danger of that Sin; beware of hearing Curates, Sirs, you # see its a dangerous thing, Sirs; but I'll tell you more yet anent # this, Sirs, this is a plain proof that the Gospel has not been preached in this # Parish this twenty eight years, for in all that time you have not heard so much # as of one that had a tender Conscience like these men; but now when we begin # again to preach the Gospel, its so powerful, that it awakes mens Conscience, # and pricks them so at the heart, that they cannot bear it, nor live under # it.^) And now I leave the World to judge, whether this sort of # Learning and manner of Preaching doth not stand in diametrical # opposition to all Religion and Reason, and does not in its Tenures and Effects # appear to be indeed the Doctrine of Devils, and another Gospel; and yet # by it our

Rabble Reformation has been wrought. All true and solid # Learning, particularly Antiquity, is decryed by them, because in it # there is no vestige, no not so much as any shadow of (^Presbytery^) to be # found; to preach Peace and Righteousness (tho that be the design of the Gospel) # yet since it does not answer the Ends of the Covenant, it must be # Condemn'd as temporizing, time-serving, and the pleasing of Men more # then God, who, they are sure, can never be pleas'd but in their # Covenanted way. Morality with them is but old, out-dated, heathenish # Vertue, and therefore such a Book as (^the Whole Duty of Man^) is look'd # upon with wonderful contempt by them: (^Frazer of Bray,^) one of the greatest among them, professes downright, that there is no Gospel, nor any # relish of it in that Book, and that (^Aristotle's Ethicks^) have as much # true Divinity as that Book hath. And (^John Vetch^) of (^Woolstruthers^) says, # That that Book is too much upon Moral Duty. A certain Lady of their Stamp, # getting it once into her hands, and hearing that it was a moral Book, # done by an Episcopal Divine, she made a Burnt Offering of it, out of her # great Zeal against Episcopacy and Morality. Mr. (^Macquire,^) one of their # celebrated Professors and Preachers, in his Preface to (^Browns^) Book, # intituled (^Christ the Truth, Way, and Life,^) calls the People that are taken up # with the (^Whole Duty of Man,^) or any such Books, (^a Moralizing, or # rather,^) says he, (^a Muddizing Generation.^) The most of their Sermons are Nonsensick Raptures, the # abuse of Mistick Divinity, in Canting and compounding Vocables, oft # times stuffed with impertinent and base (^Similes,^) and always with homely, # course and ridiculous Expressions, very unsuitable to the Gravity and # Solemnity that becomes Divinity. They are for the most part upon (^Believe, # Believe;^) and mistaking Faith for a meer Recumbency: they value no Works # but such as tend to propogate (^Presbytery.^) When they speak of # Christ, they represent him as a Gallant, Courting and Kissing, by their # fulsome, amorous Discourses on the mysterious Parables of the (^Canticles;^) and # making Christ and his Gospel to be their own Kirk Government; they # have quite debased Divinity, and debauched the Morals of the People: This # is evident, not only from their manner of Preaching, but also from their # way of writing most of their Books, whereof some Instances shall # be given in the next Section. Some of them have an odd way of acting in the Pulpit, # personating Discourses often by way of Dialogue betwixt them and the # Devil. Such ways were of old familiar to the Monks, as appears from # Mounsieur (^Claude^) in his Second part of the (^Defence of the Reformation, Chap.^) # 10. where he vindicates (^Luther^) from an Aspersion cast upon him by the # Church of (^Rome.^) For, say the Papists, Luther (^professeth in his # Writings, that he had a Conference with the Devil concerning the Mass, and that the # Devil accused him for being an Idolater.^) To which (^Luther^) answers, That # he was then

in Ignorance, and that he obey'd his Superiours. Hence the # Papists conclude, that (^Luther^) was the Devils Scholer. But Mounsieur # (^Claude^) lets them see, that (^Luther^) spoke in a Monkish Stile, and that # the Stile of the Covenant did represent Conflicts betwixt the Flesh and Spirit, # as personal Exploits with the Devil: To prove this, he instances St. # (^Dominick,^) who says, that he saw the Devil one Night, in his Iron Hands carry # a Paper to him, which he read by the light of a Lamp, and told it was # a Catalogue of his Sins, and the Sins of his Brethren, upon which St. # (^Dominick^) commanded him to leave the Paper with him, which was done # accordingly: and afterwards he and his Brethren found cause to correct # something in their Lives. All that is said for this, is, that it is a # Romantick Stile proper to the Monks, and all that is meant thereby is this, # that the Devil could lay such Sins to their charge, and their Consciences did # smite them, therefore they corrected what they found amiss. But such a # Stile did create wrong Ideas in the Literal Interpreters of such # Narrations: And it is like some of our Reformers Reading Books of this nature, # either thought such Apparitions real, or that they affected the # Stile, for it is reported of Mr. (^Robert Bruce,^) one of our (^Scotch^) Reformers, that # having studied the Civil Law, and going one day to the Colledge of # Justice, to pass his Tryals in order to commence Odvocate, he said, that # he saw a great Gulph in the Close or Court of the Parliament-House, # like the mouth of Hell, and this diverted his entrance into the House; # upon which he gave over the Study of the Law, and applied himself to # Theology. Whether the thing was literally true, or whether the man had a # disturbed Imagination (as good men may have) or whether he affected the Stile of the Convent, and meant thus much by it, That the # Imployment of a Jurist was dangerous, and apt to lead men into such # Temptations as he feared might be to strong for him, I know not which to # conclude; - but this I am sure of, That one Mr. (^Thomas Hogg,^) a very # popular (^Presbyterian^) Preacher in the North, asked a Person of great Learning, in a Religious Conference, Whether or not he had seen the Devil? It # was answered him, (^That he had never seen him in any visible appearance: # Then I assure you^) (saith Mr. Hogg) (^that yon can never be happy # till you see him in that manner; that is, untill you have both a personal # Converse and Combat with him.^) I know nothing more apt to create a more religious # madness in poor well-meaning People, than this sort of Divinity, in which # our (^Presbyterians^) have quite out-done the senseless old Monks. Their Principles and Doctrine being, as ye have heard, # opposite to Morality, it will not be thought strange that the height of # Pride and Rusticity should appear in their Conversation: The Common # Civilities due to Mankind, they allow not to Persons of the best Quality, # that are of a different Opinion from themselves. To avoid and flee # from the Company where a Curate is, as if it were a Pest-House, is a # common sign of Grace: To affront a Prelate openly is a most meritorious # Work, and

such as becomes a true Saint: To approve and applaud the # Murtherers of the Arch-bishop of St. (^Andrews,^) is an infallible Evidence # of one throughly reformed. That the World may be satisfied of their Behaviour # towards ordinary Men, I shall give you some late Instances of their # Carriage towards those of the highest Rank and Quality; the matters of Fact are such as are known to be true by multitudes of People before # whom they were acted; and themselves have the Impudence still to glory # in them; and yet I will not say but some of the Party may deny them # upon occasion at Court, as they do other things as evident; for I know what metal their Foreheads are made of. 1. Then, When their Majesties Privy Council, by advice of # all the Judges, conform to a standing Act of Parliament, and common # Practice, appointed a Sermon upon the Thirtieth day of (^January^) # 1690/1: The Council some time before sent a Person of Quality, one of # their own Stamp and Kidney, to the Commissioners of the General Assemble, # to desire them in their Majesties and Councils Name, to appoint one of # their number to preach before them in St. (^Giles's^) Church on that day, # and to put them in mind that it was the Anniversary for the Martyrdom of # King (^Charles^) the First, and that a Sermon proper for the # Occasion was expected according to the Religion, Law, and Custom of the Nation. The grave Noddies of the Assembly answer'd thus; (^Let the Council # do their own Business, for we are to receive no Directions from the # State, nor to take our Measures from the Council, especially in preaching # Anniversary Sermons.^) Upon which they appointed (^Shields,^) a (^Cameronian,^) one of # the most wild and violent of the Hill-men, to preach in the (^Tron-Church,^) # wherein they used to have Weekly Lectures, as it hapened upon that day of # the Week, but where neither the Lords of Council nor Judges were used to # come. All that he spoke concerning the King's Murther was this; (^Ye # Sirs, perhaps some of you may foolishly fancy that I came here to day to # preach to you concerning the Death of King^) Charles (^the First: What? # Preach for a Man that died forty Years ago? If it be true what some Histories # tell of him, he is very much wronged; but if it be true what we believe of # him, and have ground for, he is suffering the Vengeance of God in Hell this # day for his own and Forefathers sins.^) The same (^Shields^) as he was holding # forth sometime before at (^Edinburgh,^) said, That for ought he saw, King # (^William^) and Queen (^Mary^) were rather seeking an earthly Crown to themselves, # than seeking to put the Crown on Christ's Head. That is, in the Conventicle # stile, to settle Presbyterian Government. This same year again they peremptorily refused and despised # the Privy Council's Order, requiring them, according to a standing Act # of Parliament, to preach upon that day. 2. Inst. Mr. (^Areskme^) preaching in the (^Tron Church^) at # (^Edinburgh,^) the day after the King by open Proclamation had adjourned the # General Assembly, said, (^Sirs, Ye heard a strange Proclamation the # other day, which I hope the Authors of may repent some day: It brings to my mind, # Sirs, an

old Story of King^) Cyrus, (^who once set his Hands fairly to # the building of God's House, but his hand was not well in the Work, when he # drew it out again: All is well that ends well, Sirs; for what think ye # became of King^) Cyrus, (^Sirs? I'll tell you that now Sirs; He e'en made an ill # end, he e'en died a bloody death in a strange Land. I wish the like may not # befall our King; they say Comparisons are odious, but I hope ye will not # think that Scripture-Comparisons are so; whatever you may think, I am # sure of this, that no King but King Jesus has Power to adjourn our General # Assembly.^) This was spoken so lately, before so great an Auditory, # that whatever (^Rule^) may say in his next Book, yet I think the Author # himself will not have the Impudence to deny it. 3. When last Summer their Commissioners returned from King # (^William^) in (^Flanders,^) and told the General Assembly, That the King # had positively told them, that he would not any longer suffer them to oppress and persecute the Episcopal Subjects; an desir'd them in his # Name to acquaint the General Assembly with his mind, that for the # time to come they should proceed more moderately, otherwise he # would let them know that he is their master. The Moderators said # openly, That if it were not for the great Army he had with him, he # durst not have said so to them; and however, he had been wiser to have # held his Peace, for that they own'd no Master but Christ. When King (^William^) in (^January^) last desired them, by # his Letter to the General Assembly, to re-admit into the Exercise of the # Ministry, so many of the Episcopal Presbyters as should be willing to submit to # and comply with a (^Formula^) which his Majesty sent to them, and # appointed to be the Terms of Communion betwixt the Parties: This proposal of Peace # and Union, which moderate Presbyterians might have been thought # to have rejoiced in, was insolently rejected, and exclaimed against by # all the Assembly, except one Mr. (^Orack.^) Then the common Discourse and # Preaching of Presbyterians was, that King (^William^) design'd to # dethrone King Jesus; that the prescribing to them any (^Formula^) was an # Incroachment upon Christ's Kingdom, and a violent Usurpation of his Priviledges; that any # (^Formula^) - but the Covenant is of the Devil's making, and ought not to # be tolerated by Presbyterians. The Moderator of the General Assembly, in his # Prayer immediately after its Dissolution, reflected upon King # (^William^) as sent in Wrath to be a Curse to God's Kirk. He and the whole Assembly # protested against the King's Power to dissolve them, and before his # Commissioner disclaim'd all his Authority that way: Afterwards to make their Testimony (that's their word for Treason) publick, they went # to the Cross of (^Eninburgh,^) and took a formal Protestation after # the old manner against the King in behalf of the People of God (by which they # intend their own Subjects.) The megnanimous Earl of (^Crawford^) vowed # before the Commissioners, that he would adhere to the Protestation # with his Life and Fortune, two things equally great and valuable. Their ordinary Doctrine and Discourse in the Pulpit and out # of it, speaking of the Kirk and King, is, Deliverance will come from another # hand,

(^but thou and thy house shall perish.^) Mr. (^Matthew Red,^) # holding forth the New Gospel at his Kirk in (^North Berwick, Feb.^) 20th. 1691/2 # said, (^The Kirk of^) Scotland (^is presently under the same condition # that^) David (^was, when he was so sore persecuted and pursued by^) Saul, (^that he # seem'd to have no way left him to escape; but then a Messenger came and told^) # Saul, (^that the^) Philistines (^had invaded the Land; this gave^) Saul (^some # other [A GAP IN THE TEXT] Tow in his Rock, and by that^) David (^was deliver'd.^) This Mr. (^Red^) # being that same night with another of his Brethren at Supper at a Knight's # House in that Parish, told plainly, That by the (^Philistines^) in his # Sermon, he ment the (^French.^) And both the New Gospellers agreed, that the Kirk # of (^Scotland^) could not now be otherwise delivered but by an Invasion of the # (^French^) to restore King (^James.^) This Account I had from a Gentleman # of good Credit who was present both at the Sermon and Supper. Mr. # (^Stenton,^) one of their noted Preachers, said in an open Company, the day # after the Assembly was dissolved, That they had appointed their next # Meeting in 1693, hoping that before that time they might have another # King who would allow them better Conditions. They now lay great stress # upon the Prophecy of an Old Man in the (^West,^) who at his dying in # 1689 said, (^The perfect Deliverance of God's Kirk must come after # all by the^) French, (^for this King^) William (^will not do it.^) And say # commonly, that they brought in a Dog for God's sake, and that he now begins to # bite the Barnes. This being their way of treating a King who has # condescended to oblige them even to his own loss, and to the wonder of Mankind; # what may their Fellow-Subjects, especially such as are not of their # Biggotry or Opinion, except from them? That this is no new thing to them, # nor the Actings only of some few of the more rigid sort of them, # is evident from their extravagant and constant course of Rudeness to King # (^James^) the Second, and to both the (^Charles's,^) whereof many # instances are to be seen in their own Books; some of them you may meet with in the next # Section. All the Presbyterians profess, that the keeping of # Anniversary Days even for the greatest Blessing of the Gospel, is Superstition # and Popery. For the modestest of them that ever spake last Year against # (^Christmas^) was (^Frazer^) of (^Bray,^) who preaching in the High Church of # (^Edinburgh^) in his ordinary turn upon that day on which (^Christmas^) fell, # all that he said was, (^Some will think that I will speak either for the # Day or against it. To speak against it I see no reason, and to speak for it I see # as little; for why should we keep our Saviour's Birth-day, and not his # Conception.^) Had this Man been but acquainted with the Liturgy of the Primitive # Church or of that in the Neighbour Nation, he might have found that # they keep Annunciation-day for the Conception, and this would have broke # the strongest Horn of his (^Presbyterian^) Dilemma. But for all the # Abhorrence that (^Presbyterians^) have, and do profess against the # Observation of Anniversary days, yet they never missed to preach an Anniversary Sermon on Mr. (^Heriot,^) who built and indued the great Hospital in the # City of (^Edinburgh;^) the reason is, that for every Sermon on # (^Heriot's^) Commendation, they get five Pounds, a new Hat and a Bible. If they could # have

made but the same Purchase by preaching on (^Christmas,^) it's # more then probable that they would have thought the annual Observation # of our Saviour's Birth, as little superstitious as that of Mr. # (^Heriot's^) Memory. But the Disingenuity, Hypocrisie, and Covetousness of that # Party appears not only in this, but in many other particulars; for who # clamour'd more than (^Presbyterians^) against Plurality of Benefices, # which was never allowed nor practised under Episcopacy in our Kingdom, and now # several of them are suing for five or six Stipends at once, (^viz.^) # the great Apostles of the New Gospel, Dr. (^Rule,^) Mr. (^John^) and Mr. (^William # Vetches,^) Mr. (^David Williamson, John Dickson.^) I cannot here omit a # Passage of Mr. (^James Kirkton,^) now a famous Preacher in (^Edinburgh,^) who # held forth formerly in a Meeting-House about three and twenty miles from # it, in the Parish of St. (^Martin,^) within the Shire of the (^Mers,^) # in which Parish there was an Episcopal Minister that gave Obedience to the # present Laws, but this (^Kirkton^) by the Act of restoring (^Presbyterian # Preachers^) to their former Charges, out of Malice against the Episcopal Minister, # and Covetousness to get the Stipend of the place, comes from (^Edinburgh^) and # preaches one Sermon in the Parish of St. (^Martin's,^) and returning # some days after, left the Church without a Minister, by which means he obtained # to himself the Stipend of that Parish, tho he lived and preaches in the # City of (^Edinburgh^) ever since. There is another, Mr. (^Anthony Murray,^) who has a # considerable Estate in (^Dunsire,^) he ordinarily uses this Phrase as a Proverb, # That he desires no more in the World but a Bit and a Brat; that is, only as # much Food and Raiment as Nature craves; and yet this very man that would # seem so denied to the World, got himself into the possession of two # fat Benefices, (^viz.^) that of (^Counter^) in which he never did preach, and # that of (^Dunsire Parish,^) in which the regular Pastor had served for the whole # Year 1688. and for the greater part of the Year 1689. and yet was not # allow'd one Farthing of the Living for either: altho when he was drove # away he had eight young Motherless Children, and no bread for them, whereof # (^Murray,^) it seems not having one Child, had no sence at all. Who cried out more against the Covetousness of Prelates, # and complying Ministers, than Mr. (^John Johnston^)? yet in the time of his # suppos'd Persecution, he made up two thousand and five hundred Pounds # Sterling; and to the certain knowledge of his Acquaintance he was two # hundred Pounds Sterling in debt when he abdicated his Parish. This same # (^Johnston^) being called to a dying Gentleman in (^East Lotham,^) who was # always Episcopal (but the Call was by some Fanatical Friends, without # the knowledge of the dying Person) (^Johnston^) having come to his # Chamber, advances with many Hums an Ha's close to the Gentleman's # Bed-side, and after stairing a while upon him, at last with a great groan he # gave his judgment of his State and Condition ill these words: (^I see # nothing there in that Face, ah, I see nothing but Damnation, Hell and # Reprobation!^) At

which words, a merry Man standing by, whispers in the ears of # the said Mr. (^Johnston, He hath left you two hundred Marks.^) Mr. # (^Johnston^) at this changed his mind (like the Barbarians in the Isle of # (^Malta,^) ) and says, (^But methinks I see the Sun of Righteousness rising with # healing under his wings, saying, Son be of good chear, thy sins are forgiven # thee.^) Who cried out more against Ministers Scandals, than one # (^Balfour^) in the (^Mers,^) and yet but a few months ago he fled for the Sin # of Adultery himself. This among them is called but a slip of the Saints; # but far less slips in others are aggravated into heinous Scandals and # crying Sins, as that ought indeed to be esteem'd. What greater act of Injustice then that done to Mr. # (^Alexander Heriot^) Minister of (^Dalkeith,^) who gave all Obedience to the Civil # Law, and yet the Presbytery of (^Dalkeith^) permitted one (^Calderwood,^) a # declared Enemy of Mr. (^Heriot's,^) and some others of his Accusors, to sit as # Judges among them, and not only admitted, but also invited and encouraged # two or three Knights of the Post to swear, That the Minister had danced # about a bonfire the 14th of (^October^) 1688. And when it was made appear to # the conviction of all men, that there was no Bonfires in the Town upon that Day, and that the Town was never wont to use any such # Solemnity upon the occasion of that day; all that the Presbytery said, was, # That they could not help it, for the matter was sworn and deponed, and # they behoved to proceed, having a Call to purge the Church. Besides, their not having good Notions of the Gospel, nor # of any good Heathen Morals; one reason of their malicious and crabbed # Nature may be, that they never suffered Affliction; for after they # abdicated their Churches in 1662, they began every where in their Sermons to # cant about the Persecution of the Godly, and to magnifie their own # Sufferings; by this means they were pamper'd instead of being persecuted; # some of the Godly Sisters supplying them with plentiful Gratuities to # their Families, and Money to their Purses; they really lived better then ever # they did before, by their Stipends. They themselves boasted that # they were sure of Crowns for their Sufferings; and that Angels visited # them often in their Troubles; and both were materially true. I kow # several of them who got Estates this way, and that grew fat and lusty # under their Persecutions. Mr. (^Shields,^) one of their honestest and best # Writers, being well acquainted with all that they suffered, and a great # Sharer in it, glories in this, that they were highly provided for in their greatest # Difficulties, and makes an Argument for it of their being God's People: In # his Analysis (as he calls it) on the 29th of (^Deuteronomy,^) delivered in a # Discourse to the People on the Preparation day before they renewed the # (^Covenants,^) p. 10. l. 8. these are his Words: (^Tho in the Wilderness of # Prelatick, Erastian, an Antichristan Usurpations, we did not meet with # Miracles, yet truly we have experienced Wonders of the Lord's care and # kindness, and for all the Harrassings and Persecutions, &c. the poor Wilderness # Wanderers have look'd as Meat like and Cloath-like as others that sat at ease # in their houses,

and drank their Wine and their strong Drink.^) The Party # finding such good Fruits of their Itinerary Labours, continued to preach # the unthinking Mobile out of their Money and Senses, as well as out of their # Duty to God and Man, receiving in the mean time, instead of (^Cups # of cold Water,^) many Bowels of warm Sack; the true Covenant Liquor, and the best Spirit that inspires the new Gospellers. By these means # the Malignity of their Nature was rather kindled than abated; the only Men # that suffer'd any thing, being the poor silly Plowmen and Shepherds # in the (^West,^) whom the false Teachers hounded out to die for a # broken Covenant: It's true indeed, that many such Men being deluded into # several Rebellions, put the State under a necessity of defending it self, by # punishing some of them, and killing others in Battels; but yet, before the # danger of these Battels, the Preachers were generally so wise as to save # themselves, by running first; for had they been so honest as to have born but # a part of these Burdens which they imposed upon their Proselites, so # couragious as to have but shew'd their Faces in the Day of Battel (to # which they always sounded the Allarm by their Sermons) then it's like we # should not have been now infested with such swarms of these Locusts as # have over-spread our Land, and again fill'd our King's Chambers, as # the Frogs and Lice of (^AEgypt^) did that of (^Pharaohs.^) Though upon certain occasions the more subtile and cunning # (^Presbyterians,^) knowing that no Art can defend or disguise the unaccountable Wildness and Madness of some of their Party, are forced to # disprove and condemn them; yet they never fail to make use of the # Sufferings of these same wild Men, to magnifie that Persecution which themselves # pretended to have undergone, but had not the least share in. Eminent # Instances of this we have in (^Rule's^) late Book. To whom, among other # Favours, we owe this new distinction of wild and sober (^Presbyterians.^) # Truly if the (^Presbyterians^) had met with the same Measure with which they # formerly served the Prelatists; if they had been used as they did good # Bishop (^Wishart,^) whom they made to lye seven Months in a dark # stinking close Prison, without the conveniency of so much as changing his # Shirt but once, so that he was like to be eaten up of himself, and the Vermin # which that nasty place produced: It's probable that by such Severities # (which I am glad they suffered not) they might have been brought to # something of that good Man's Christian Temper and Disposition: And that this was # very great, the worst of themselves were constrained to own, when # upon changing of the Scene, he being deservedly advanced to the # Bishoprick of (^Edenburgh,^) was so charitable as to convey large Supplies to # such of them as were imprisoned for their notorious Rebellion at # (^Pentland^) Hills, 1666, and that without letting them know from what hand it came, nay # his Compassion to them was such, that he continued such # (^Presbyterian^) Preachers as were any thing tolerable in their Churches and Office; # without imposing on them the Conditions of Conformity which the Law # then requir'd: But now (^Presbyterian^) Preachers, even those that are called # the

soberest, as we may see by their dayly Practices, and # Expressions, are highly galled, because they are not allowed to treat the # Bishops, and other Ministers of God's Word, after the same barbarous manner that # they formerly did, that is, (^Hew them in pieces before the Lord,^) # as they were wont to phrase it; for they commonly compare Bishops to # (^Agag,^) and those ordained by them to the (^Amalekites.^) The Episcopal Ministers and Rulers used all Christian and # discreet Methods, when they had power, to gain and oblige the # Dissenters, and to save them from the Penalties of the Law. But now such is the # Ingratitude of some, even of those same (^Presbyterians,^) whom the # Episcopal Ministers had saved from the Gibbet, to which the Law had justly doomed them, that they were the only Persons that invented false # Stories, forg'd malicious Libels, and rais'd tumults against those very # Ministers who had been formerly so exceeding kind to them; we have but too many # Instances of their rendring Evil for Good in this manner: And that which # makes this the more strange and odious, is, that it is acted under a # pretence to Religion and Reformation, and that the giddy People are # instigated to this Wickedness by their Preachers. I shall trouble the # Reader, at present, only with two Particulars to this purpose; Mr. (^Monro,^) # Parson of (^Sterling,^) was lately libelled and accused before the Brethren of the # Inquisition, by one, whom, as all the Neighbourhood knows, he preserved from # being hanged, when he well deserved it: And now, though the said # Parson (^Monro^) has visibly baffled all the Articles of his Libel, to the # Disgrace of his ungrateful Accuser, and of those Preachers who openly prompted # him to this Villany, yet they daily molest and disquiet him, because # of his constant adherence to the Sacred Order of Episcopacy, which is the # greatest Fault his Judges can accuse him of, except that of his possessing a # good Living, and that his Parts and Piety darken the whole Presbytery, of # which his Parishoners being fully convinced, love him so well, that they # resolve, cost what it may, they will not part with him as their Minister; # and have therefore, to the great mortification of the Presbytery there, # jointly signified so much to them under their Hands. The other particular Instance of this Nature, shall be that # of one (^Ronaldson,^) a Tenant in the Parish of (^Cranston,^) whom the # Orthodox Minister there, Mr. (^Burnet,^) by his Intercession with Persons of # Quality, preserved from having his Goods confiscated, and Person banished; after # (^Ronaldson,^) by his signal Disobedience to the Law, had exposed himself to # that Sentence: This Kindness (^Ronaldson^) then looked on as so # great and surprising, that he often and openly professed he knew not how to be # thankful enough for it; he and his Family constantly kept the Church # thereafter and upon every occasion acknowledged the Minister's singular # Favour, with all the signs of sincere Gratitude; but yet upon the new light # of the late Revolution, he appeared the most open and avowed Enemy that # the Minister had: the Minister justly surprised with this, challenged his # many Promises of continuing grateful, to whom (^Ronaldson^) gravely # replyed, That

the Thanks for his Preservation was not due to him, but only # to God, who oft-times (said he) stirs to ill Men to befriend his own # People. This Change was wrought upon the Man, and this Answer put in # his Mouth (as himself sometimes owns and professes) by frequent # Conferences with their Preachers, who in their private Discourses and # publick Sermons have assured him, that he is not to look to the # Instrument, but to the Cause of his Preservation. I shall shut up this Head concerning the Persecution they # pretended to have suffered, with a remarkable Note of a Sermon preached # lately by Mr. (^Daniel Douglass,^) one of their great Mufties; 'Now Sirs, # (says he) 'I will be even plain with you, and perhaps e'en more plain # than pleasant, 'Sirs, I'll tell you now, Sirs, its ordinary for us to cry out # that we 'were persecuted under Episcopacy, but we are yet living, Sirs; # and 'why were we not hanged as well as others were, beloved? It is # e'en 'because we thought they did cast away their Lives needlesly, # and that 'we would not venture our Lives for such matters as they # ventured their 'Lives, for I knew to meet with Kindness both from the Church # Men 'and the States Men; and particularly, I knew that the Clerks # of Council 'and Session, would take nothing from us; but there are no such 'Clerks now. For there is one (^Gibbie Eliot,^) Sirs, that has # no Charity 'nor Discretion, for if we were all made up of Dollars, he # would swallow 'us up; pray God, Sirs, to keep our Purses from that false Lown 'Eliot'. Ingenuity is a thing they are not concerned about; for # that's but a Branch of dry Morality, below Men so full of Grace; some young # Men among them that have had the Advantage of being abroad, are # more affable, and in their Conferences with Men of Sense, they # ordinarily exclaim against the peevish, sower, and unconversable Temper of # (^Scotch Presbyterians;^) but yet these same Sparks of the Cause, sing a # quite contrary Tune when they are in a collective or representative # Body. I have read of a certain Monk, who, being wearied of the # Cloyster, aimed at a vacant Dignity, the possession whereof he knew would set # him free: For this end he applied himself to every one of his # Acquaintances that had a Suffrage in the Election, and from every singular and # individual person he received very fair and satisfying Promises, but yet he # found himself still disappointed, when they met together in Assemblies for the # Election, whereupon he invites most or all of them upon a set Day to # dine and be merry with him. They that were invited knew that he was not in # condition to make any competent Provision for so many Guests; wherefore # according to the usual Custom of that Fraternity, they sent # each of them some Material or other, proper to make up the Feast; some # sent sent Flesh, some Fish of divers kinds, some sent Butter, some # Cheese, some Wine, and others Oyl. All which he boyled in one Kettle # together, and his Guests being conven'd, he caused to serve up that # Hotchpotch in several large Dishes to them, so that every Dish that they # tasted,

it equally disgusted them: Whereupon they asked what manner # of Victuals it was? He said it was just such as themselves had # sent, all well boyled in a large Kettle together. That, say they, is the # worst Meat in the World when thus jumbled together, but very good when # every thing is dressed by it self. Just so are ye to me, says the # (^Monk,^) you are very fair and kind when single, and one by one; but I can find # nothing worse then you, when you are all together. The # (^Presbyterians^) resemble the (^Monks^) in this, as in many other things; for take them # singly, and they generally condemn the Methods and Proceedings of their # Brethren, as rigid and severe, but take the same men met together in a # Presbytery-Synod or Assembly, and the whole Body is the most unpalatable and # most unsavory Hotch potch in the World. And now to hasten to a close of this Section, Strangers may # justly wonder that men of such Temper and Qualification, as ye have now # heard the (^Presbyterian^) Preachers to be, should have any # followers. But this will not seem so strange to such as consider what multitudes # of the Rabble crowd after (^Jack Bowles^) in his drunken Fits, that Women and # Children are ordinarily led by Noise and Shew, tho it were but of # Hobby-Horses and Rattles. And indeed the (^Presbyterian^) Preachers are only flocked after by such a Herd, some out of a blind Zeal and # itch after Novelty and Change, some again loving to fish in the troubled # Waters of such Confussions as are inseparable from (^Presbytery,^) # hoping thereby to mend their broken Fortunes. And to palliate their want of # Sense, and greater faults, by a pretence to strict Religion: Others # frequent them for Sport and Diversion, as men of little Sense and less # Business run after Stage-Players and Rope Dancers. Sometimes ago these Preachers were conversant only with # Shepherds and a few silly Women, laden with divers Lusts, whose hot Zeal # had no Knowledge to guide it; the Preachers then indeed admired # themselves for Persons of great Gifts and Learning, because of the esteem # that these ignorant Creatures had for them; but now that they are # brought to act in publick, and possess the Pulpit of Learned men, they are # at a great Disadvantage; for their better Auditors expect solid Divinity, # rational and close Discourses, and that being none of their Talent, # puts them quite out of their Road and Element; and hence it is that the # People generally forsake and abhor them, and nothing but a few of the # Rabble frequent their best Churches and Preachers: So that now their # own dear Followers begin to complain and cry out, that Christ did more # good in the Hills, than he does now in the Churches. And if they hold # on at their usual manner of Raving in Pulpits, they cannot fail to # render themselves as Ridiculous and odious as they deserve, which # they have made pretty good advances to already. They frequently upbraid # Curates, as deserted of the Spirit, because they own that in the # composing of their Sermons they make use of Books; and yet Mr. (^David # Williamson,^) one of their (^ablest Men,^) Preaching before the Parliament, on # Ps.2. and v.10.

stole most of his Sermon from (^Herle's Tripus^) of Wisdom, and # had the Confidence to reprint the same at (^Edenburgh.^) Indeed the # Nonsense and Railing of that Sermon is wholly his own; for none but himself # ever pretended or presumed as he does there, that Christ dyed a # Martyr for the (^Presbyterian^) Government; because forsooth this # Inscription was written on his Cross, (^Jesus of^) Nazareth (^King of the Jews.^) I do # not discommend the use of Books, but the Hypocrisie of these men, who give # out, that they preach meerly by Inspiration and Meditation, as Mr. # (^Areskme^) did in a Sermon which he preached lately in the (^Tron^) Church # at (^Edenburgh;^) his words were these, (^The Curates go to their Books for # Preachings, but we go to our Knees for our Preachings.^) And yet such is # the silliness of some deluded People, that they proclaim these for Soul # refreshing and powerful Preachers, and for men that, as they phrase it, have # an inbearing Gift, speaking home to their Hearts: Indeed make some People # Judges, we know (^Presbyterian^) Sermons will gain the Applause. I # remember the old Fable of the (^Cuckow^) and the (^Nightingale,^) both # contented who should sing sweetest; the (^Ass,^) because of his long Ears, is made # Judge; the (^Nightingale^) sung first, the (^Cuckow^) next; the (^Ass's^) # determination was, that truly the (^Nightingale^) sung pretty well, but for a good # sweet plain taking Song, and a fine Note, the (^Cuskow^) sung far better. Some who are not so well acquainted with the (^Scotch # Presbyterians^) manner of preaching and praying, may, perhaps, think that # matters are here aggravated against them, because things so very ridiculous # were never vented by any former Sect, as these I have, and am hereafter # to discover of them; but they are too well known to be deny'd among us. And # that Strangers may not think themselves imposed upon, I shall in # the next Section give the Reader some little taste of their printed Books, and # leave him to judge from the Ridiculousness of what they have deliberately # published to the World that way; what Extravagancy they may be guilty of # in these extemporary Ravings, which they mis-call Spiritual # Preaching and Praying. [^AN APOLOGY FOR THE CLERGY OF SCOTLAND, CHIEFLY OPPOSED TO THE CENSURES, CALUMNIES, AND ACCUSATIONS OF A LATE PRESBYTERIAN VINDICATOR, IN A LETTER TO A FRIEND. ... TOGETHER WITH A POSTSCRIPT RELATING TO A SCANDALOUS PAMPHLET INTITULED, AN ANSWER TO THE SCOTCH PRESBYTERIAN ELOQUENCE (ATTRIB. TO A. MONRO). LONDON 1693. PP. 12.22.-29.10.^]

The Presbyterians in (^Scotland^) are generally blinded # with this (^fatal^) prejudice (an Evidence of their incurable Enthusiasm) they think that no # man can act any thing against the (^Presbyterians^) , but he # immediately acts against the light of his own Conscience. They take it for granted that # their (^way^) is the only true Religion, that it is (^plainly^) revealed, and # that they give greater Evidences of (^Piety^) , and (^Religion^) , than any other # Society of Christians upon Earth, and if you do not believe this presently, without # Examination, you are far (^from the Kingdom of God^) . Nay, you are # (^alienated from the life of God^) . Hence it is that the (^Presbyterians^) conclude that # whatever is done against their Party, is done rather against the Light and # Conviction of their Enemies, than the petulance and vanity of their (^own^) # Fraternity: therefore they insinuate upon all occasions, that all Reasonings against # them proceed from Prophanity and Atheism, or from men void of all # (^Principles^) and Religion. You may as easily reason a (^Bedlamite^) out of his # fancied Honors and Principalities, as persuade any of their deluded Disciples that # they may be in an Errour: and this they owe to their (^cunning^) Teachers, who # tyrannize over their (^Belief^) as imperiously as the cruel (^Brach-mans^) do # among the (^Indians^) . But let me enquire in the next place calmly, did the meek # (^Covenanters^) when they got the ascendent in King (^Charles^) the First his # time, treat their Opposite with that (^gentleness^) and (^discretion^) , # that (^condescention^) and (^longanimity^) , that became the true Gospel of our Saviour? # But so very far from this temper, that they prosecuted the # (^Malignants^) with all

(^Rage^) and (^Cruelty^) . And if there were not another # instance of their Cruelty, but the Sufferings of the (^excellent Bishop Wishart^) , men # might easily penetrate into the (^Genius^) and (^Spirit^) of the Party. Then # their Pulpits thundered against the (^Malignants^) all the (^Curses^) in the Bible; and # all were (^Malignants^) , in their Dialect, that were not (^Presbyterians^) . Add to this # the universal and restless endeavours of their Ministers to ruin # the (^Persons^) , (^Estates^) , and (^Families^) , of all that opposed their # (^Designs^) : and their Discipline was made an Engine to pry into the greatest Secrets of # Families, and the Presbyterian Chaplain, who was ordinarily the Ministers # Intelligencer, complained in his Prayers of what he thought amiss in the # Family or Neighbourhood, nay the Soundest part of the Nation groaned # under this Tyrannical (^Pedantry^) , as the (^Israelites^) did under # the (^Egyptians^) , when their bloody Scaffolds stood erected for some whole weeks # together. Then it was, that their (^modest^) Ministers said that (^their # Cause^) was like to prosper, when they justified one Crime by the Commission of another, # and the whole (^Scheme^) of their Arbitrary Tyranny from their # Success and Prosperity; when their (^Turkish^) Argument of Force and Arms ran down the Doctrines of our (^Meek and Crucified Saviour^) . And now # forsooth they must tell us, that the Episcopal Clergy were (^rigid^) , and # (^peevish^) , and severe, to their Parishioners; when perhaps they did not represent to # the Judges, in their several bounds, the tenth part of those # Crimes that were committed against the Church and State; and yet the Law did # oblige them to give up the names of Recusants. And do not we see, that the # Presbyterians since the late (^Revolution^) have out done the diligence of # all men against the Clergy and Laity of the Episcopal persuasion, for # the whole Faction applyed their utmost force (since the (^Revolution^) ) # to ruin her Neighbours, and possess themselves of all their Places, # (^Civil, Military, and Ecclesiastical^) . The truth is, there are no people upon Earth that value # Government and Sovereignty as the Presbyterians do. It is the Idol they bow # to: there is nothing gratifies their highest Passions so much as a power to # tyrannize. If the whole world were once under their Feet, they would look # chearful, their Blood would (^Circulate^) more (^briskly^) ; untill this # be obtained there is no rest nor peace for mankind. The (^Discipline, the Sacred # Discipline of Geneve^) , must (^wrestle^) with all Authority until the # Consumation of all things. But if the former excuse did not serve his (^Design^) ; yet # it is often insinuated all a long his Book that most of the (^Clergy^) were (^wicked # men^) . But let me suppose the truth of this (^infamous^) accusation; who made # (^them^) Judges of the (^Scandalous^) Clergy? Whose Delegats were they in the # (^Execution^) of this Punishment? I have told you before that I am acquainted # with very few of the Clergy of the Western Shires, but I am informed by # judicious and intelligent Men, that generally the Clergy in those Shires # were (^Grave, Sober^) , and (^Assiduous^) in the work of the Ministry. That # most of them endeavoured

upon all occasions to gain those (^Enthusiasts^) from their # (^Schism^) and (^Delusion^) , and were very successful in this Christian # design, if a new (^Indulgence^) after the Defeat at (^Bothwel^) Bridge had not buoyed up their # (^Interest^) . As for the (^scandalous^) Aspersions cast upon the Clergy by # the Western Presbyterians, it is certain that by one of the Vindicators own (^Rules^) we # ought not to believe them; because they are all of them of a # (^Party^) , and indeed of such a Party, who from their first appearance in the World # placed much of their strength in reproaching the (^Clergy^) . If some of # the Ministers in the West did not live according to the Dignity of their # Character, we ought rather all of us (who have not renounced our Baptism) to # lament it, rather than insult and upbraid them with it. Indeed a Minister, whose # Employment is to fit other men for Eternal Life, and yet lives in open # and scandalous opposition to his Rule, is the most (^monstrous^) # thing in Nature. All the Satyrical Writings of the Poets, and all the # Invectives of Orators, cannot furnish one word to give a true (^Idea^) of that # loathsome Creature. But on the other hand, If any of them be guilty, to upbraid # them with their faults, is not the way to reform them, for of all # Advices those that are given to reform the Clergy, should be managed most nicely # and tenderly. And it is to be feared that the (^Vindicator^) and his # (^Associates^) are very glad when they can discover the trippings of their # Adversaries. If any of the Clergy be guilty of such things as are clamorously # alledged by (^Presbyterians^) , it is no Argument against the common Cause # of the (^Catholick^) Church, and the (^Apostolical^) Succession of that # (^Hierarchy^) of Bishop, (^Presbyter^) , and (^Deacon^) , continued from the days of the # Apostles until now. And therefore he may, if he will (as is threatned) employ the # people in the West to make and gather stories to the disadvantage of the # Episcopal Clergy, and it is an easie thing to swell that Volumn into a # prodigious Bulk, if their ignorant and implacable Enemies may be # believed, it is not possible for them not to accuse. But I think the Vindicator himself, is not of so (^profligate^) a Conscience as to give Ear to such (^malicious^) Reports. We have had late Instances of the (^Presbyterian^) activity against the Reputation of the Clergy, no man could escape a Libel that enjoyed a (^comfortable^) Benefice. Nothing could have made the (^Presbyterians^) more contemptible than this (^treacherous^) and (^sneaking^) method of (^Libelling^) , when it was visible to all men that those # scurrilous Papers were intended for no more, than to ruin and disgrace the most # (^innocent^) and deserving men. And it is very odd that they could venture to blindfold # the Nation by this (^baffled^) and (^hypocritical^) Sham, and how # comes it that the Clergy in the West are represented as (^Criminals^) , when they # dare not attack the Clergy in the North? The reason is obvious, the People in # the (^West^)

date their (^Conversion^) from the time that they forbear to # hear the (^Curates^) , and they think themselves obliged by all their ties and # solemn (^Covenants^) , to ruin and disparage those (^limbs^) of Antichrist. But the # People in the North can discover no such beauty in their Presbyterian # (^Discipline^) : they love and honour their own (^Ministers^) , they hear them Preach # the Articles of Christian (^Faith^) , and true and solid Morals, and so rough # are those (^Infidels^) in the North, that they never thought (^Sniveling^) necessary # to make a (^great Saint^) . They love a plain and unaffected Stile, and # they cannot be persuaded but that the Oracles of God may be Preached without # (^affectation^) , and yet with all requisite (^Gravity^) and (^Recollection^) . If there be so many Libels gathered by (^Presbyterians^) , # it may provoke their Enemies to recriminate, and if the Vindicator thinks # that such (^scurrilous^) writings can serve the common cause of Religion, I wish him # more wisdom and sobriety: I condemn all (^such^) methods in all # Parties, and if the thing were allowable, we could tell him that many of his # Associates in the Ministery are very (^scandalous^) , some of them # (^Adulterers^) , some (^Fornicators^) , some (^Blasphemers^) ; some whole Presbyterian Families # (^Incestuous^) , - (\Sed praestat motos componere fluctus.\) If I rejoyced in this Recrimination, I were not a good # Christian. But it is necessary to put those Proud and Supercilious men in # mind, that they are but ordinary Mortals, encompassed about with the same # Infirmities with other men, and that they should consult the Scriptures, # and the Fathers for Arguments, rather than the (^Cameronian^) Zealots in the # Western Shires; and if they beat the Clergy at those Weapons, they # deserve to be chastised; and for a conclusion to this Observation, I must # tell you that I know not a more (^unblamable^) Company of men upon Earth than # the Episcopal Clergy of (^Scotland^) . Nor do I know any five of # them in the whole Nation, who could not undergo the severest Examinations, # used in the Christian Church (^Preparatory^) to (^Ordination^) . I wish # that they may make a Christian use of their present (^Tryals^) , and give the # world a proof of that greatness of soul that qualifies men for the # Priesthood; that all round about them may be convinced (^that he that is in them is greater than he that is in the World^) . (^Seneca^) # John (^Ep^) . tells us that (^to do good even when it is attended with # infamy, is noble and heroick:^) and a greater than (^Seneca^) tells us, # that (^we must go through good report and bad report^) ; God will clear our # (^Innocence^) as the Sun in his (^Meridian Elevation^) , and I hope to the Conviction of # our Enemies, that in the (^simplicity^) of our souls we designed the # Reformation of sinners, and that we look upon our selves as Dedicated to the # (^immediate^) Service of God, and the sooner we retire into our own Consciences, and # discover the secret (^Springs^) of our (^present^) Calamity, the sooner will # our heavenly Father remove the marks of his Indignation. There is no Argument so # proper to convince the Ignorance of (^foolish^) men as by well doing: and # though we

should not be so succesful in gaining (^Proselites in the midst # of a crooked and perverse Generation^) , yet we fortifie the Peace and # Tranquillity of our Consciences, we strengthen our selves against those things # that are most (^terrible^) to Flesh and Blood, (^we rejoyce with joy unspeakable and full # of Glory^) , in the midst of all Calamities and Reproaches that # are cast upon us. And let not them that are yet untouched think that their # Brethren, upon whom the Tower of (^Siloam^) fell, are greater sinners than # their Neighbors. I leave this, and I go forward to another Topick by which # he endeavours to vindicate the Presbyterians; and it is this that the Clergy # of the Church of (^Scotland^) did press the Consciences of the Presbyterians; and that the People could not own them as their Ministers, because they were obtruded upon them, and not invited by (^Popular^) Elections. But the # (^Vindicator^) should consider, that if his Argument be turn'd against his Party in the North # of (^Scotland^) , it may be of (^dangerous^) Consequence to the growth of # (^Presbytery^) . For the bresbyterians there are not likely to carry their # Elections by plurality of Votes; but does not he remember that severals of the # Remonstrator Presbyterians have been (^inducted^) to their Churches by some Troops of # (^English^) Horse in the time of the late Civil Wars, yet he does not # think but that the People owed all (^Deference^) and (^Spiritual^) Obedience to them; and if a (^Pastoral Relation^) may be founded between a Minister and the People by (^Cromwell^) Troopers, why not by King (^Charles^) the Second's Dragoons? # But does not the Vindicator remember that some have been obtruded on the # (^old College^) of (^Aberdeen^) , without the (^Regular^) and (^Collegiate^) # Election, by the same very force that had planted some Remonstrator Ministers, and # that without any (^Tryal^) or Examination, when their more deserving # (^Predecessors^) were most Tyrannically removed. But not to trifle with the (^Vindicator^) , The method of # admitting Ministers in the Church of (^Scotland^) , under the Episcopal # Constitution, is the most (^just^) , and the most (^unexceptionable^) that can be devised. For when the (^Candidate^) for any Ecclesiastical Preferment receives a (^Presentation^) from the Patron, he goes to the Bishop, and the Bishop sends him to the Presbytery to undergoe the # ordinary tryals of his Literature and Sufficiency; and when the # (^Bishop^) and his (^Presbyters^) with him are satisfied of his Knowledge and Learning, then the # Bishop serves a publick Edict at the Church where the (^Candidate^) is # to be preferred inviting all the Parishioners to come to the (^Cathedral # Church^) against an appointed day, to see if they have any (^reasonable^) exception against # the (^Candidate^) and this is not done in a (^hurry^) , but they have a competent # time allowed them to gather all possible Informations concerning him from all # Quarters; and if they can object any thing against him that is of any weight, # they are heard and the (^Candidate^) is repulsed: now I would gladly know what is # it that the People

can complain of in this Ecclesiastical Polity? The Confusions # of Elections that are solely left to the People are innumerable, and though # we had not famous and remarkable Instances in Ecclesiastical History of # the bloody and tragical Effects of such popular Elections, our own Country might furnish us with very many sad Experiments, when the Parishoners could not compromise the affair peaceably, they quickly came to Blowes, and in many places to Bloodshed, and Riots. These were all the good effects we could discern of their popular Elections; # it cannot be denyed, but that the method of electing the Clergy (^varied^) # often and appeared under many (^Figures^) in several Ages, and Countries, since # the first (^Plantations^) of Christianity: but I dare boldly say no # Christian Church came nearer the Apostolical Method, and more happily avoided both # Extremes, than the Church of (^Scotland^) under the (^Episcopal^) # Constitution. But you may put the Vindicator in mind that the Presbyterians themselves never thought the (^Call^) of the People so (^essential^) a Constitution of that (^Pastoral Relation^) . For there is an Act of the General Assembly, ordering the Presbytery to name a Minister to such Parishes as were Malignant, that is, such as were of the Episcopal persuasion, so this pretended popular Election, if at any time it prove unserviceable to advance their Tyranny, is immediately rejected. For the (^Presbyterians^) do not at all believe any such inherent Right in the People to chuse their own Ministers; for they think the Malignants have no Right to chuse for # themselves, this is the sole privilege of the (^Godly^) . The Malignants are not at # all to be consulted, accordingly we see that though their (^Parliament^) lodged the # power of Election in the Heretors and Elders of each Parish, or in # the major part of them, yet no Elections are allowed by the Presbyteries, # though never so unanimous and universal, but such as are promoted by their # own Factions, witness (^Musselburgh^) and (^Tranent^) . There is hardly any thing insisted upon by the # Presbyterians more foolish and inconsistent with common honesty than this Topick from # popular (^Elections^) , and to say the truth, the old Presbyterians never obtruded # such a whimsey upon the People: the Lay Patronages were not abolished # in (^Scotland^) until the year 49. when the (^Discipline^) was in its # (^Zenith^) when there was no sin Preached against but (^Malignancy^) , and the Kings # Prerogative Royal was possessed by the (^Kirk^) . (^Presbyterians^) in # other Countries quietly submit to Lay Patrons: and indeed if the Bishops take care # that none but pious and vertuous Men be Ordained, what harm can the Church # sustain by such (^Presentations^) . May not the Clergy examine such # Candidates as offer themselves to the Ministry, (^accurately^) and # (^narrowly^) ? 'Tis certain that

the most (^trifling^) and (^superficial^) Students do most # (^effectually^) recommend themselves to the People, nay there are so many mean and # abject Arts requisite to promote a Clergy-Man (if the Hypothesis of the popular # Election hold necessary) that an ingenuous man cannot prostitute himself # to such (^servile^) and (^popular^) methods. As for the grave and # retired Clergy-Man, he is sure never to be preferred; and if some judicious and # discreet Patron does not force him out of his Solitude, he is like to die # amongst his Books, and the Church has been served in all Ages to the best # Advantages by such as least understood the Arts of (^Insinuation^) , and it will # continue so until the end of all things. In the next place I do not see why the Vindicator should # say that the Clergy (^pressed the Consciences of their Hearers^) : there was # nothing in our worship, but the use of the Lords Prayer, the Doxology, and # the Apostolick Creed at Baptism, that they themselves objected against, are # not these mighty (^Grievances^) to (^Tender Consciences^) ? The # (^Vindicator^) tells us that Presbyterians were not against the use of those (^Forms^) but they would not # use them as the (^Prelatists^) did. What he means by this I cannot # tell, but I can tell you that all the Presbyterians before the year 1638. made # use of them all. And that after the year 38. until (^Cromwell's^) Army # invaded our Nation they never left off the using of those (^Catholick^) and # (^Christian^) Forms. But such of the Remonstrators as were deeply in the Interests of # the (^Usurper^) , then left off the use of such (^Forms^) , drawing as near as # was possible to the Spiritual Heights, and pretended Purity of the (^Independents^) # in the (^Army^) . And the (^Christian^) Religion at that time in our Nation # varied in its outward Figure, and in their (^Notions^) about it as much as the # Philosophy of the Schools, and the (^wise^) Questions of (^Universale^) and (\Objectum # Attributionis logicae\) . The Vindicator is content to use such Forms, but not as the # (^Episcopal Church doth command it^) . That is to say, he will do nothing in # (^Unity^) and (^Society^) with the Christian Church, and though the Vow of Baptism # oblige us, as we are Members of Christs Mystical Body, to preserve and # support the Unity of the Christian Church, yet he thinks he may leave the # Communion the Church, without either fear or scruple, in those very # things that are short (^Abstracts^) of our (^Faith^) , and (^Symbols^) of our # (^Profession^) . And yet no People are now so violent as they in pressing (^Subscriptions^) # to the Presbyterian Confession at (^Westminster^) , and (^that^) without any # (^exception, restriction^) , or (^explication^) , I am of Opinion that the Episcopal Clergy of (^Scotland^) have been from their Infancy taught in, (and are firmly resolved to adhere to) the Protestant Religion, and is it not a piece of extraordinary vanity in the Presbyterians to insinuate that they themselves # are the only men careful to preserve the purity of Doctrine? Did # not the Clergy that addressed to the pretended General Assembly, # plainly declare that they would subscribe the (^Westminster^) Confession, as it # contained the

Fundamentals of Protestant Religion. But this the Vindicator # thinks did not sufficiently purge them from the suspicion of being # (^Arminians^) . There are but very few of the Clergy of (^Scotland^) that # explain the Doctrine of (^Grace^) and (^Freewill^) after the method of # (^Arminius^) ; and if any of them does not favor the (^Calvinian Hypothesis^) they are very far # from propagating their Opinions in a factious manner, and not at all enclined # to change the (^Pulpit^) into a (^Metaphysical^) Chair. I think it is no # disparagement to either of the Parties to say that every one of them cannot state such # controversial differences (^fairly^) , and reason about them (^closely^) ; # nor is it necessary for every Country Minister to read (^Alvarez^) and Dr. (^Tuisse, # Arminius^) and (^Episcopius^) . Those questions have been debated in all Ages of the # (^Church^) , and if we understand so little of our (^selves^) , of our own (^soul^) , # and its (^union^) with the body, the (^method^) and (^manner^) of its operations. How # daring a thing is it to pretend to grasp the (^infinite^) Mind that made Heaven and # Earth, and to (^methodize^) the Acts of that eternal (^Intellect, in whom we live, move, and have our Being?^) To read some of the School men is enough to make a modest man tremble, when he considers that the (^incomprehensible Deity^) is # thought to be fettered by the Laws, Methods, and confused Notions of our Mind, this # is (^learned Ignorance^) , and the (^Presbyterians^) may think they # wonderfully (^reform^) the World when they oblige Ministers to Swear their (^Systems^) of # (^Metaphysicks^) . It were infinitely better to leave them to their Liberty in # things that are (^disputable^) in their (^Nature^) , and (^past finding out^) after all our # Endeavours. Upon the whole matter, the Objections against the Clergy from # the Doctrine they Preach is (^vain^) and (^trifling^) , and serves no other # Design than to fill the Mouths of the People with words that they do not # understand, and yet have a mischievous influence upon their lives. Another Topick by which he endeavours to provoke the present Powers against the Episcopal Clergy, is, that they are Enemies to King (^William^) and Queen (^Mary^) . I have no Commission to give an account of particular mens # Opinions in the Controversie that is now debated in (^Britain^) , but I may # observe that the (^Vindicator^) puts a mean Complement upon King (^William^) , to tell the World in Print that the Interest of King (^William^) , and that of the (^Presbyterians^) is embarqued # together; (^i.e.^) If King (^William^) does not punctually observe the (^Original Contract^) , they know well enough what they owe all earthly Kings. Again he tells us, that such of the Episcopal Clergy as addressed to King (^William^) and Queen (^Mary^) , never thought of any such Address, until they had lost all hopes of King (^James^) ; and # by this he thinks to disparage the Episcopal Clergy wonderfully: whereas # the Argument rightly turn'd is to their Advantage. That they never # (^treacherously^)

betrayed King (^James^) when they were publickly Praying for # him, nor did they secretly (^undermine^) his Government when they were # giving (^publick thanks^) for his Administrations, as the (^Presbyterians^) did, # and such of the Episcopal Clergy as came over to King (^William^) , ought to be # treated with Civility and Protection at least, if it were no more but that # their Principles of Government are more agreeable to Reason, and more # favourable to Monarchy in General, and the Common Peace of Mankind. I know # no Notion the (^Presbyterians^) can have of a King, but that he should be (^Arch-Bedle^) to the (^Kirk^) , and that he ought to employ his Power and Authority to execute their Decrees. The (^Vindicator^) remembers no doubt the Act of the (^West Kirk^) . A Specimen of Presbyterian Loyalty to K. (^William^) and Q. (^Mary^) , we have lately from the (^Provost^) of (^Rutherglin^) , who publickly owned that they would indeed Arm so many Forces, and not Disband them until K. (^William^) had Established (^Presbytery^) to their mind; and if he did not so (^settle^) it, they would turn him out, and # use him as they did K. (^Charles^) the (^First^) . But if the Episcopal Clergy # in the West of (^Scotland^) are enemies to the (^present Government^) , they # are obliged to continue in that (^opposition^) by the (^Vindicators^) Principles, so # unfortunate is he in his Endeavours to serve the (^present Government^) . For if the # Clergy in those Shires never met with any thing but Acts of (^Hostility^) , # without any (^Law, Tryal^) or so much as any the least (^Formality^) of Justice; # pray, let the (^Vindicator^) tell me what (^Allegiance^) do they owe upon # such Principles, as he and his Associates were wont to propagate under the Reign of # K. (^Charles^) the Second? And therefore he himself (not others) deserves to # have his (^Neck stretched^) for adhereing to such Principles, as # necessarily overthrow in their last (^consequence^) all Government and Order. Another Topick upon which he and others found many of their # Libels against the Clergy, is, that they were subservient in the late # Reigns to advance Arbitrary Power by their doctrine of Non-Resistance and Passive Obedience. The Episcopal Clergy Preached no Doctrine but the true Christian Doctrine, which can never be overthrown by # all the Attempts of their Adversaries; they Preached indeed that in # every Government there was a Supreme Legal Tribunal, from whose Decisions there lay no Appeal upon Earth. That this Supreme Tribunal was not at # all to (^be resisted^) , and therefore that the (^Insurrections^) in # the Western Shires against the (^King, Parliament^) , and (^Laws^) was Rebellion, in its # most (^rigorous Notion^) : this indeed they did Preach, and I hope they are not yet so # degenerate as to think or Preach otherwise: as for the other Branch of the # Controversie,

whether the King of (^Scots^) may be resisted, I will tell the # (^Vindicator^) my Opinion when he and I stands upon a Level. For where the # Supreme Tribunal may be resisted, and counter acted, then there is # something higher than what is already granted to be (^Supreme^) ; but the # King and Parliament are with us (^Supreme^) , and if they may be (^resisted^) , # what is it that may not be (^resisted^) ? If Sentences (^interfere^) , there can be # no Government, because no final Decision of (^Controversies^) ; therefore there can be # no Appeal from the Supreme Tribunal in any Nation; and into whatever # (^Figure^) the Government is molded, some such (^Supreme Independent # Tribunal^) must be acknowledged, whence there is no (^Appeal^) , and of which # there is no (^resisting^) ; unless you so order your Government as to have one part of it fight perpetually against the other, and in that case our (^Saviour^) tells us, (^That a House divided against it self cannot stand^) . And do the Presbyterians think to recommend themselves by asserting such Doctrines as necessarily overthrow all Government? And blowes up the Foundations of all Humane Society? We have all the # (^Governments^) in the World to defend us upon this Head; for without this necessary # truth no Notion can be formed of what is (^Law, Government^) , or # (^Society^) ; do not we see every day such as opposed the Government, any where, Fined, # Confined, or Executed? And this carries with it the Unanimous Sentence of # all (^Judges^) upon Earth, declaring that the Government is not to be Resisted in # its first and (^Supreme Authority^) : neither ought the Secrets of Government # to be so (^prophaned^) , as to be laid open to the Censure and Objections of every # petulant Medler. It is not our business, who live in private Stations, # to Canvass the (^Mysteries^) of State; God ordinarily gives to such as are # at the Helm of Government another Spirit, than (^that^) he bestowes upon # (^private^) men, their care must extend (^far^) and (^near^) , we must not upon all # occasions publish our (^Comments^) upon their (^actions^) , far less ought we to fly # to (^Arms^) when our (^Caprice^) is not satisfied, nor when the (^Dreams^) and # (^Delusions^) of our particular Sect are (^discouraged^) . For, If men may run to Arms upon # every occasion, the Political World should quickly (^tumble^) into the # (^Original Chaos^) . Whatever Parties then there are that oppose the Doctrine of # Non-Resistance, thus stated, are Enemies to all (^Government^) , and when they # themselves are invested with Power and Authority, their Practice baffles their # former (^Notions^) , and exposes sufficiently their (^Chimerical Ideas^) ; and whatever (^branches^) there may be of this (^Controversie^) , it must be agreed to on # all hands, that the (^Scots Presbyterians^) were Rebels under (^Charles^) I. # and (^Charles^) II. in all the (^Formalities^) of Rebellion. The (^Vindicator^) himself thinks that the Authority of the Nation in the Convention or Parliament, may take away the Legal Right that belongs to the (^Clergy^) . Had not # the Clergy as good right to their by-past (^Stipends^) as any man had to his # (^private^) Estate?

So it seems that in some cases the Convention may (^invade^) # the (^Property^) of private men, especially the (^Property^) of the (^Episcopal^) # Clergy, and this is no other stretch of (^Arbitrary Power^) , than what was practised # formerly against the Lieges in the (^warmest weather^) of the (^Covenant^) , # when private men were compelled to lend their mony to Levy an (^Army^) against the # (^King^) : yet since it was to (^advance^) the (^Covenant^) there was nothing # (^Arbitrary^) in it, and though it was open (^Robbery^) , and never (^practised^) by any of our # Kings, yet we were (^forced^) to (^stoop^) to Ruin and Poverty, because the # Covenanters said that this was our (^Liberty^) and (^Property^) . So they that # clamour most against (^Arbitrary^) Power, (^practise^) it most when they dare # venture. Another Imputation whereby the Presbyterians endeavour to # sully the Reputation of the Episcopal Clergy is this, that the kindness # that any have for Episcopacy proceeds from the Espiscopal Clergy's indulging men in their (^sins^) and (^immoralities^) . And this is the old story, and contains nothing but their (^inveterate spite^) and (^malice^) . What is it that the # Episcopal Church teaches that (^indulges^) men in their sins? What Doctrine is it, # that's publickly owned or taught by the Episcopal Church, that has least # tendency to the breach of any of Gods Commandments? How long shall these # (^Sons^) of (^Strife^) continue in their (^Impudence^) ? Though this # Accusation be as (^senseless^) as it is (^indefinite^) , yet upon this occasion they # ordinarily magnifie their (^discipline^) , as the most Sovereign Remedy against the (^immoralities^) of # the Age, much after the same manner that Montebanks do when they set # off their (^Drugs^) with (^vehement^) and zealous (^Harrangues^) ; and if # you have the patience for a quarter of an hour you'll hear all that they can say. # Whereas a grave experienced (^Physitian^) , will make no such (^promises^) , # but he'll calmly consider the present (^temper^) of your Body, the (^Causes^) of your # Disease, and (^proportion^) his Applications to your strength, and other Circumstances, # without (^noise^) or (^Ostentation^) . I know no effect that ever the (^Presbyterian Discipline^) # had towards Reforming the World, unless you reckon that the murthering of Bastard Children was of that Nature. It cannot be denyed but that the # (^Presbyterian^) Ministers use (^long^) Discourses to the (^Whores^) that sit on # the (^Stool^) of (^Repentance^) , but they cannot name three of them that ever mounted that # Publick Seat but they became (^Prostitutes^) , and when once they made # (^Shipwrack^) of their (^Modesty^) , one may guess what followed. And their # publick appearance in this manner made them (^impudent^) . This is all the # Reformation I know that their Discipline most eminently promotes; its true # indeed there was a very remakable Step towards the Reformation made # by Sir (^John Hall^) , and his Associates, the first year of the # (^Revolution^) , when the Wells were locked up, and none could have fresh Water upon # (^Sunday^) , yet as much Wine and Brandy was allowed as one was pleased to call for. # But if by their (^Discipline^) , they mean that (^endless^) and # (^pragmatick inquisition^) into all

Actions, it is as (^impracticable^) , as it is # (^burthensome^) ; and though it be a natural step to advance their (^Supremacy^) , yet it is attended with so much (^confusion^) and # (^animosities^) , that neither true Religion nor Liberty can endure it. It is # pleasant to hear them declaim against the (^Tyranny^) of Papal Power, and yet meddle with all that ever he medled with. We know what Profanations of the Name of God were # occasioned by this (^Discipline^) in the year 1648. when the best of the # Nobility and Gentry, and others were made to profess their (^Repentance^) for the # (^Lawful^) Engagement. I do not plead against (^Ecclesiastical Discipline^) ; for it # is absolutely necessary to the (^order^) and (^Preservation^) of the # (^Church^) , as it is a Society founded by our Lord and Saviour. But this new fantastick and # apish imitation of strictness, is (^inconsistent^) with (^reason^) , as it is # indeed (^destructive^) to (^true^) and (^regular Devotion^) . The (^Vindicator^) uses to # refer his Readers to other Books, I cannot condemn that practise, therefore I wish him to # Read (^Bishop Bramhall's^) Treatise of the (^new^) Discipline. There is # nothing more desireable than to see the (^Antient^) Discipline revived, and all men # ought to Pray that God would direct our Ecclesiastical (^Governours^) , # to restore the (^Primitive^) Discipline, so as the most negligent may be # awakened, directed, and encouraged to repent, and testifie his Repentance by the # most (^unfeigned mortification^) , and Charity. Thus I have run over some of the General Heads that are # scattered up and down his Vindication, and given you freely but very # briefly my Opinion of them. The next thing I undertook for your satisfaction was # to enquire into the (^Spirit^) and (^Genius^) of the Author, by the # Characters that appear of him in his (^Vindication^) . Not that I conclude him # (^habitually^) such, for perhaps the (^paroxysms^) of his Indignation are # over, but this I may conclude that when this Book was written, he was overdriven # with his passion: I do not immediately conclude him to be of (^the Seed of the Serpent^) , nor (^of the Race of Esau^) , nor # a (^Villain, nor the Successor of Judas Iscariot, nor a # Rabshakeb.^) Though he opposes the Apostolical Government of Episcopacy, he is not of my Opinion; but I do not think he deserves any # Censure on that account that he is not of my Persuasion. His Adversaries # cannot drive him to a greater absurdity than if he be made to vent # his Passion in personal (^Reflections^) , and therefore I shall endeavour to # fix nothing upon his (^person^) but what naturally follows from his (^own^) words. I charge him therefore in in the first place with open and avowed (^Partiality^) . He rejects the Testimony of any man that is not of his Party, so he rejects the Testimony of # (^John Gibson^) , one of the Magistrates of (^Glasgow, because^) , says he, (^he was of a party, and made a Bailiff by the Archbishop^) ;

and all (^knew the Prelates Inclinations towards the present # Civil Government^) . His Argument may be reduced into (^form^) thus, the Bishop was # an enemy to the (^Civil^) Government, (^John Gibson^) was named a # Bailiff by the Bishop: (^Ergo^) the (^Testimony^) of (^John Gibson^) ought not to be # received in a (^Matter of Fact^) : this is very hard, how can a man at (^London^) be more # credibly inform'd of a Matter of (^Fact^) in (^Glasgow^) , than by the # (^Authentick^) Testimonies of the (^Magistrates^) of (^Glasgow^) ; but he tells us the # (^Magistrates^) were of a Party, and what of that? By this method of (^reasoning^) what becomes # of (^Calderwood's^) History of the Presbyterians? Must not we believe him at all # because he is of a different (^persuasion^) ? Just so our Author treats # Mr. (^Morer^) , one of the (^Prebendaries of Sarum^) , who wrote the first Letter of # the Persecutions. The (^Vindicator^) tells us (^it is one lie from the beginning # to the end^) , and why all this (^harshness^) and (^severity^) ? Why? Because the # (^Vindicator^) imagines him to be a (^Jacobite^) , though he ventured his person in # (^Ireland^) , and swore the Oath of Allegiance to K. (^William^) and Q. (^Mary^) , and # wrote this Letter to one of his (^Ecclesiastical^) Superiors in (^England^) , yet # the account he gave of the (^Scots^) Affairs did not please the (^Vindicator^) , and # therefore he's immediately (^transformed^) into a (^Jacobite^) . This is a very hard case, # but why may not even the (^Jacobites^) be received as Witnesses. The # (^Jews^) when they swear upon the (^Pentateuch^) are received as Witnesses before # all Judicatures and in all Courts in (^Christendom^) ; so are the # (^Mahumetans^) when they swear upon the (^Alchoran^) , and all (^Pagans^) if they swear by the # (^Idol^) of their Country. But Mr. (^Morer^) is no (^Presbyterian^) , and therefore his # Testimony must be rejected; thus with one dash of his Pen he overthrows all # the Accounts that he himself had from the (^West^) , to the Disparagement of # the Episcopal Clergy, or in defence of their Enemies, for they are all of them of a Party, and obliged by their Oaths to ruin Episcopacy. And again he rejects the Testimony of a (^great^) and an (^exact^) Historian, because he was no (^Presbyterian^) . And again, The Testimony of a Minister, Witnessing the (^Persecution^) of (^another^) , must not be received. Another thing very remarkable in this Book, is the Author's # peremptory and dogmatick pretences to the (^ (\Jus Divinum\) of # Presbytery^) , contrary to the Modesty, or rather Caution of the first (^Presbyterians^) who declared in their publick Confessions, that all Church Polity was (^variable^) , and (^changeable^) , but the (^Scots Presbyterians^) , think they cannot justifie their Zeal for their new Polity, unless the People believe it to be of # (^Divine Right^) But how to make up this Divine Right from the (^Precepts^) of # our (^Saviour^) or the (^practice^) of the (^Apostles^) , or the (^Succession^) # of the first Ages of (^Christianity^) , they know not; they are resolved to say it is of (^Divine # Right^) , and then they work hard for (^strained Consequences^) , and hence # it is that they are

very angry if their (^intrinsick Ecclesiastical^) power lodged # in this (^parity^) be not obeyed, or (^questioned^) . So the (^Vindicator^) complains # that such of the (^Episcopal Clergy^) as addressed to them, did consider them no # otherwise than as a (^Company^) of men that derived all the Power they had # from the Convention, and was not this a mighty affront? They cannot endure that # they should be considered as (^Delegates^) of the State, when as yet # all the Nation knows, and common Sense must determine they could have no # power over the Episcopal Clergy, but what they derived from the State; # and therefore all along he asserts positively, that the (^Scots^) Presbytery # is the (^immediate Institution^) of (^Jesus Christ^) . But I must be so just to # him as to acknowledge that most of all his Brethren, are equally (^peremptory^) and # (^dogmatick^) upon this Head, and though (^Calvin^) acknowledges great honor and # deference to be due to Prelates (\etiam hoc nomine\) , if they should embrace the # Reformation, yet his Disciples are more improved, and cannot endure that any other # Church Polity should prevail. From this proceed the (^high^) and # (^lofty^) Epithets they bestow upon (^Presbytery; Christs visible Kingdom upon # Earth^) , his Royal (^Crown and Scepter, his express Institution and Discipline^) . And # upon this Hypothesis they become proud and insolent, they despise all their opposites as men not acquainted with the Spirit of God, and enemies to the Kingdom of Jesus Christ. Another thing I take notice of in his Writings, is, his # (^rudeness^) and (^vanity^) . He represents his Adversary as a (^Liar^) , and a (^Villain^) , # though he cannot prove that the Author of the History of the General Assembly wrote # one (^Lie^) , from the beginning to the end, if the Accounts he got from # such as were present were not so exact, he himself was not to be blamed; but the (^Vindicator^) cannot prove that any # information he got was false. Again, one of his Adversaries is represented as a (^Liar^) , and a (^Slanderer^) , and tell # us again that the Council appointed that no (^Decreet^) should pass in favour # of the Episcopal Clergy, until the Parliament should determine in that # (^extraordinary^) case; where I take notice, that according to the # (^Vindicators^) present Doctrine, the Council may (^stop^) and (^disable^) the Laws, especially # when the the Episcopal Clergy Prosecute their (^Debitors^) before the # (^Ordinary^) Judge. and therefore the Council may invade any mans (^Legal # Property^) , contrary to the (^Law^) , and much more the (^Parliament^) ; yet this is # a stretch of (^Arbitrary Power^) , never heard of in (^Scotland^) notwithstanding of all # the hideous Clamors of that (^restless^) Faction. He may if he will endeavour to # justifie that (^Arbitrary stretch^) , but I think that they who were # most active in it, do truely think (^shame^) of it as a thing as much # (^unprecedented^) and (^unwarrantable^) . Again, He insinuates that the Clergy had Clubs for drinking, and that it is an impudent falshood that either Dr. (^R.^) or Mr. (^Malcolm^) made application to the # (^Presbyterians^) . As

for the last whether he made application, or after what # manner, I neither know nor shall I ever enquire. As for the first he is at his # rest, and I will not rake into his Ashes; but this is certainly known, # although he had addressed unto the Presbyteries, he had been rejected because # he was one of the Ministers of (^Edinburgh^) ; for his Party had # determined to break through all obstacles of Justice and Decency, rather than # suffer any of the Episcopal Clergy to continue within the City of (^Edinburgh^) . # Nay, no Presbyterian was allowed, if once he had made the least # Advances of Complyance with Episcopacy, as was then too visible in the Case of Mr. # (^Wilky^) . The (^Vindicator's^) clownish Buffoonry, and insulting over # the afflicted, in the 4th. page, I omit. You will excuse me if I do not # transcribe the most part of his Book, the ordinary Epithets he bestows on his # Adversaries are, that they are (^impudent Slanderers^) and (^Villains^) ; # but when his (^Heroic^) Passion is put into a higher (^ferment^) , they are # (^Successors^) of (^Judas Iscariot^) , and (^Rabshakes^) . No doubt the Sisters will think that the # (^Vindicator^) is a (^precious convincing man^) , he tramples upon the # (^Episcopal^) Clergy as if they were below his (^notice^) , there is no grapling with a # (^Giant^) of so much (^strength^) and (^reason^) . We must be taught better (^manners^) than to venture upon # this man of (^Oak^) and (^Forehead^) , poor Creatures! Have not we been # taught better than to make publick the (^Secrets^) of the (^Faction^) ? if this # man write once again he will (^ruin^) us for ever. Is not the World well mended by this Reformation? But I had # rather prove the (^Vindicator^) a Lyar than call him so, and therefore # you may ask him who gave him information that my Lord (^Dundee^) had gathered together at (^Edenburgh^) two thousand men of the Kings (^disbanded^) Forces, that with them he might (^surprize^) the (^Convention^) , when all the Nation # knows that when he retir'd from (^Edenburgh^) he had not above thirty or forty to # attend his (^Person^) . Who saw the two thousand? And how comes the (^Vindicator^) to # fix upon that (^precise number twice^) ? Where were they # (^Mustered^) ? And is it likely that my Lord (^Dundee^) at the Head of two thousand well # trained old Soldiers could be forced to retire from (^Edenburgh^) by # all the Vagabond (^Ruffians^) that came from the (^West^) . Let the # (^Vindicator^) recollect himself a little, and enquire where he had this (^information^) . What my # Lord (^Dundee^) intended is not the Subject of our present (^enquiry^) , but I # am very sure that if he had had the fourth part of that (^number^) the # (^Vindicator^) alledges he could have quickly made the (^Convention^) at that time retire: and this I confidently think, though the (^Vindicator^) Confutes this (^probability^) by telling Mr. # (^Morer^) that the (^Presbyterian Confidence^) is built on a better # foundation than such as (^Dundee^) was; and here I must take notice of this # Gentlemans (^Charitable Temper^) and (^Condescention^) . Mr. (^Morer^) , one of the # Prebendaries of

(^Sarum^) , wrote that none doubted but that if my Lord # (^Dundee^) had lived he would have changed at that time the (^Face^) of Affairs in # (^Scotland^) . From this the (^Vindicator^) concludes that the Episcopal Party in # (^Scotland^) placed their (^Confidence^) in none (^higher^) than my Lord # (^Dundee^) , how is it (^possible^) to shun those (^venomous darts^) of (^spite^) and ill (^nature^) ? # So when ever you speak to a (^Presbyterian^) I advise you to take good heed what you # (^say^) , and (^how^) ; if you do not say (^every thing^) that may be said, they are # sure to (^conclude^) , that what was left (^unsaid^) was not at all (^believed^) by you: so # when Mr. (^Morer^) writes again he must tell his Patron that though such a change # was (^probable^) according to the (^situation^) of Affairs at that time yet the # Episcopal Party placed their (^Confidence^) in (^God^) . For if his (^words^) # are not thus (^guarded^) the Presbyterians will (^immediately conclude^) that the # (^Episcopal Party^) are but a pack of (^Atheists^) that place no (^Confidence in God^) , but # lean on the (^Arm of Flesh^) . I return from this (^Digression^) to that that I lately # mention'd, (^viz^) . The (^Vindicators^) story of two thousand disbanded Soldiers, which # carries with it all the marks by which a (^willful^) and (^deliberate^) lye, # may be known from (^modest^) and (^ingenuous^) Truth, and the reason why I # instance in this (^particular^) is because the Vindicator was at (^Edenburgh^) , or not far # from it, about that time, and therefore it is not probable but that he might have # known the truth: and from this I conclude that either he lies # (^deliberately^) , and (^willfully^) , or his Informers are Lyars, and idle talkers, or at best he # himself, (^is guilty^) of (^supine negligence^) , in gathering true # (^Informations^) . For to do him Justice, I promise to retract this publickly, if he get # five or six men of any (^note^) even amongst the (^Presbyterians^) in # (^Edenburgh^) , who will declare it under their hands that they knew that my Lord (^Dundee^) had # gathered together two thousand (^Disbanded Soldiers^) at (^Edenburgh^) , before # he retired from the (^Convention^) . And the (^Vindicator^) himself cannot # deny but that this is an extraordinary piece of Condescension, that I should # leave it to be decided by the Testimony of (^Presbyterians^) themselves, since # he rejects all Episcopal Witnesses. The next thing I instance, as to his Candour and Integrity, is this, that in the third page of his Preface he writes, that there was Advice writen by Dr. (^Canaries^) to Mr. (^Lisk^) , to be (^communicated^) to the (^Episcopal^) # Party, (^That they should yield feigned Obedience to the Presbyterians at present^) , and # these words he caused to be Printed in a different Character, that every one # might conclude they were the words of Dr. (^Canaries^) Letter; whereas the # Doctor never (^wrote^) such a thing, nor any thing that can yield any such # (^Consequence^) . And 'tis yet more pleasant to read his Letter that justifies this # disingenuous usage, because forsooth (^feigned Obedience^) was a Scriptural # Phrase, and though the Doctor wrote no such thing, yet he thinks he was # allowed to Print this Relation of him, so as all the World might conclude # these words were the express words of Dr. (^Canarie's^) Letter, and this # Lie is more unpardonable

than the former, because it is (^deliberate^) and # (^unrepented^) off. I shall mention one Instance more of his Candour and Integrity, # and it relates to Mr. (^Macmath^) , whom he injures most atrociously. And because he raises all his Batteries against Mr. # (^Macmath^) , the Minister of (^Leswade^) , we need no other proof of the (^Vindicators^) # ingenuity, nor no other Character of his (^genius^) than to read that part # of his Libel that relates to Mr. (^Macmath^) . First, he charges him with # (^Drunkenness^) , but the (^Vindicator^) knew no such thing, only the (^barbarous # Villains^) who wounded him upon the Road as he was Travelling from # (^Edenburgh^) to his own House, they would take care to transmit to the # (^Vindicator^) such stories as were most convenient for him to (^propagate^) , but Mr. # (^Macmath^) was that very night, before he came from (^Edenburgh^) , in the company of two Gentlemen of Honor and Integrity, and appeals to them whether they could perceive in him either the (^first beginnings^) , or the (^least # appearance^) of any excess or disorder, and their Testimony is of greater (^authority^) than all the stories that the (^Vindicator^) can # patch together from such Villains as made an attempt upon his life. Next he charges him with amorous, wanton, and (^lascivious^) # behaviour, and I am glad the (^Vindicator^) mentions it, because in this # very story we have a (^notorious^) instance of their Villany and Hypocrisie: there # was a poor woman hired by the (^Presbyterians^) to say that Mr. # (^Macmath^) once made Love to her, and she was prevailed with by her Brother, a # Presbyterian, to say so, and when she was encouraged by them again to adhere to # what she said, she declined it, and told them that she had said enough # for any thing she had gotten. Her Brother, who had taught her thus to accuse # an innocent man, was smitten with such a remorse (when he came to consider # more narrowly what he had done) that he was in hazard to destroy # himself, and actually did so, when he removed to the next Parish, by # ripping up his own Belly. But it is no wonder to hear Mr. (^Machmath^) thus calumniated, when they had the impudence to accuse the Venerable Old Archbishop (^Spotswood^) of Incest with his own Niece of fourteen years old. And to make an end of # what concerns Mr. (^Macmath^) , let me acquaint the Reader that such # as were most active in his Trouble and Persecution, very shortly after felt # the severity of Gods just Judgment. (^John Clark^) , who beat him with the # great end of his Musket, was suddenly bruised to death by the fall of a Tree in # the Wood of (^Rosling^) , so that he never spoke again: and for the other # Mr. (^Borthwite^) , his Conscience did so check him, that he had no peace until he # ended his life in a most lamentable Distraction and Madness. I am not so bold as # to infer that the Persecuting of Mr. (^Macmath^) was the only sin that # drew upon them the visible and sudden marks of Gods heavy displeasure, but I # may very safely say that the Signatures of Gods anger are frequently # legible enough

in the punishment of some mens sins, and that Atheistical # Hypocrites seldom escape his indignation even in this World. As for the (^Vindicators^) Tattling of Mr. (^Finlasone^) , # Mr. (^Finlasone^) himself denyed all when he was challenged. But, that I may no longer # detain the Reader, nor yet condemn my self to the drudgery of raking into # that Puddle that is here heaped together against Mr. (^Macmath^) , # let him compare the following Authentick Certificate in favours of Mr. # (^Macmath^) , subscribed by the Gentlemen and others of his own Parish, with all the # little (^knavish^) and (^impudent^) Lyes that the (^Vindicator^) has # gathered already, or may hereafter invent, and then let him Judg as his discretion will # lead him. [^SPALDING, JOHN. THE HISTORY OF THE TROUBLES AND MEMORABLE TRANSACTIONS IN SCOTLAND AND ENGLAND, FROM MDCXXIV TO MDCXLV. VOL. II. ED. J. SKEYNE. BANNATYNE CLUB. EDINBURGH 1829. SAMPLE 1: PP. 54.10-59.33 SAMPLE 2: PP. 208.4-225.28 SAMPLE 3: PP. 313.11-323.6^]

About the begining of this moneth of June, Doctor Guild, # principall, violentlie brakis doun the insicht and plenishing within the # bischopis houssis (quhilk wes left ondistroyit befoir), sic as bedis, burdis, # &c., and causit transport them doun to plenish the college chalmeris and uther wark; # gestis and gryte tymber he cuttit doun. He tirrit the too-fallis of the haill # office houssis, sic as baikhous, brewhous, byris, stables, yea and of sum too-fall # chalmeris also, and careit rooff and sklait away, quhairwith he rooffit ane # sang-scooll and sklaitit the samen within Bereold Innes clos, quhair never sang-scooll # wes befoir. Thus, as he dang doun the wallis of the Snaw kirk to big wp the # College dykes, as ye have befoir, so now he is demolishing the bischopis # houssis, in forme and to the effect foirsaid. Pitifull and lamentable, to behold kirkis # and statelie buildinges first to be cassin doun be ruffians and rascallis; and nixt, # be churchemen, wnder cullour of religioun, to be broken doun. It is heir to be markit, that since Januar, the begining # of this yeir 1642, gryte skarsitie of white fishes on our haill costis, to the # hurt and hunger of the poor, and raising of the prices of meill and malt, and # beggering of the fishermen. And it wes reportit, that when the fisheris had laid thair # lynes and takin fishes aboundantlie, thair cam ane beist, callit the # Sea-dog, to the lynes, and eit and distroyit the haill bodies, and left nothing on the # lynes bot the heidis: A judgement surelie from God Almightie, for the lyke # scarsitie of fishes to continew so long hes scarslie beine sein heir in # Scotland; quhilk bred gryte derth of meill and malt, at aucht, nyne or ten poundis # the boll, and all uther meites wes also maid veray deir. Besides this, a cold # drowth throw all June, quhairby girs and cornes wes brynt wp and reid in the # blaid, quhilk maid also gryte scarsitie of all milknes, butter and cheis: # bot the Lord amendit this cold drouth, and, about or upone the sevent, aucht and # nynt of June, he sent thir thrie dayis aboundans of rayne, to the gryte comfort # of man and beist. Bot, whill this tyme, June, wes brynt wp with drouth, # as said is, yet

(albeit the harvest wes lait) God sent cornes aboundantlie # throw the ground for intertynneing of man and beist; bot being transported to # Ireland, becam fearce and deir. Sie heirefter. Word cam that the 12 English bischopis whiche wes wairdit, # as ye have befoir, war, about this moneth of June, put to libertie; bot # the Archbischop of Canterbury stood still wairdit. The Irishis daylie growing stronger and stronger, using # fyre, suord and all maner of crueltie aganes man, wife and barne of English, # Scottish and Irish Covenanteris within thair kyngdome, without pitie or # compassioun. Mony fled this crueltie that could win away over to Scotland, both # man, wyf and child; bred by the incuming of oure Covenant. Upone Wednisday 22 June, the laird of Cors rode to # Edinbrughe to the Committe of the Generall Assemblie, holden thair be # persuasioun or desire of oure last Provinciall Assembly, not of his awin good will. He # wes maid welcum there be the bretheren, and had privie conferens with thame. # The persone of Balhelvie wes sent commissioner fra oure Provinciall # Assemblie to Edinbrughe to the same Committe; for thay wissit ernestlie Cors (as ane # excellent lernit man) to keip his awin place, if thay could in any cace # procure the samen at thair handis be ther said commissioner, who wes direct for # that effect, as said is: bot let the bretheren in Edinbrughe do thair best, # thay could not, be threatning nor persuasioun, allure this lernit, godlie man to # subscrive and sweir ther Covenant, quhilk (as he declairit) wes contrair to # his conscience, quhilk he wold not ballans with no worldlie plesour nor # preferment. Thus, efter divers meitingis and conferences with Mr. Alexander # Henrisoun, Mr. Androw Ramsay, Mr. Henrie Rollok, ministeris at Edinbrughe and # utheris apointit to sit upone the Committe for the Generall Assemblie, # in end he with Mr. David Lindsay returnit hame agane, upone the 12 of July, # but any forder; quhair, Doctor Forbes, professour forsaid, a lernit divyne # theolog, denying to sweir and subscrive oure Covenant, wes thocht a stumbling # blok to this our good caus and new reformation. Sie more of him heirefter. Upone the 24 of June, the laird of Haddoche compeirit # befoir the Justice in Edinbrughe to wnderly the law for the alledged slauchter of # Mr. James Stalker, as ye have befoir. Efter sum ressoning, he wes # ordanit to set cautioun to compeir agane upone the nixt citatioun, or referrit to the # nixt parliament, and so he returnit hame agane. Sie heirefter. About this tyme, and troubles in Ireland, Mr. John Leslie, # bischop of Raphoe, cam fra that countrie to Edinbrughe, and from that to England. # He

said, he cam, not cled lyk a bischop, bot with suord and # quhinger like ane soldiour. Aluaies he went post to the king. Mr. Androw Cant, being minister at Abirdene, as ye have # befoir, began to bring in novationis. He wold not baptis ony barne, yea albeit # at the poynt of death, bot efter preiching on Sonday or ony uther preiching # day in the week. He cryit out aganes conveining at lyk-walkis, reiding of # scriptures or singing of psalmes; bot the deid corpeis to ly wnder ane burde all # nicht without sic company; bot nather of this could he get done. He brocht in # ane lecture lesson to be usit Mononday at nicht, Wednisday, Fryday and Setterday, # in place of efternoone prayers. No communioun given be Cant for tuo # yeires space to the toune of Abirdene, quhill first thay wer weill catechisit, # becaus he alledgit thay war ignorant. Sie more heirefter of his proceidingis. Mr. Henrie Rollok, ane of the ministeris of Edinbrughe, # depairtit this lyf, confessing fra his hairt that his Majestie wes cruellie # subdewit, and borne doun by his owne subjectis, as wes reportit; for the quhilk he gat # small convoy to his grave by the puritans of Edinbrughe. Mr. Alexander # Henrisoun, minister at Leucharis in Fyff, wes translated thairfra to be ane # minister at Edinbrughe in his room. About midsommer, England sent in to the Committe # at Edinbrughe ane hundreth and ten thousand pund sterling for # thair brotherly assistans, conform to the act of parliament, 7 August 1641. About the 24 of June, directit the Lord Maior of London to # caus mak Proclamatioun at all the crossis within the toun, chargeing # all trew and loyall subjectis to cum to the king, and byganes sould be forgivin; # except sum personnes, sic as Sir John Hotham, governour of Hull, and utheris his # capitall enemeis, quhilk his Majestie wes not to pardon. The parliamentaris wes # heichlie offendit at the Maior of Londoun for suffering this # Proclamation to be maid, and for the quhilk he wes presentlie deposit and ane uther # Maior electit and put in his place; bot first he wes haistellie takin, accusit # and wardit, and thairefter deposit for obeying of the kingis command: yet this # Proclamatioun drew the hairtis of many people to the king, as ye may heirefter # sie. Now, his Majestie beginnis to walkin, and is fast drawing # to ane heid. His faithfull followeris and good subjectis ar by the # parliamentaris declairit incendiareis and malignant pairty. He causit put in ane garisoun in # Newcastell; and divers lordis of parliament resortit also to the king. # Quhairupone the parliamentaris resolvit to establish ane Committe of thair # best number to sit constantlie at Westminster for the parliament, with like # authoritie and pouer, as if the haill estaites of parliament war sitting; for thay # durst not rys totallie

wp nor desert thair parliament, lest the king could not be # movit to indict another when thay wold, as he had more nor ressone to refuse. # In the meintyme, thay mak preparatioun for armes to defend ther own # pretendit actis and ordinances for ther militia. Tuysday 27th June, ane visitatioun of our Oldtoun kirk be # the bretheren. The sessioun wes changed fra efter the foirnones sermon to # efter the efternones sermon on ilk Sonday. The landuard elderis thocht this burden # havie, to byd ilk efternone, by thair dynner in the Old toun, quhilk # wes byding thame at home in ther owne houssis. It wes ordainit by this # presbiteriall visitatioun, that ilk maister and mistres of famelie in town and cuntrie # within this parochin suld cum with ther barnes and servandis to the ministeris # catechising. Noysum to the countrie people to cum all, clois wp ther # durris, and leave none at home to keip thair houssis, thair cornes, cattell and uther # goodis. Thay ordanit the bak of the hie altar, in bischop Gawin Dumbarris # Iyll, curiouslie wrocht in wanescot, matchles within all the kirkis of # Scotland, to be dung doun as smelling of idolatrie. Pitifull to behold! In the mene # tyme, our minister Mr. Williame Strathauchin teachis powerfullie and planelie the # Word, to the gryte comfort of his auditores. He takes strait count of # those who cumis not to the communioun, nor keipis not the kirk, and callis out # the absentis out of pulpit; quhilk drew in sic a fair auditorie, that the # seatis of the kirk wes not abill to hald thame; for remeid quhairof, he causit big wp ane # lost athuart the body of the kirk, and enterit the wrichtis thairto in # November. Lyk as with gryte panes and diligens he causit skleat the haill body # of the kirk in the symmer season with new lath, new skleat, and new materiallis, # quhilk wes not so weill done sen the tyme it wes first sklaittit efter the # leid wes tirrit thairfra. The too-fallis wes not theikit, becaus thay micht not be # overtane this yeir. This Mr. Williame Strathauchin, one of the best pastores that # hes bene sene at this church thir many yeiris bygone; bot the treuth is, the # bak of the altar wes violentlie pullit doun be direction of Mr. William # Strathauchin, onlie advysit thairto be doctor Goold, principall and moderatour for # the tyme, and had not consent of the bretheren thairto, as is said befoir; # and by this glorious tymber wark of the said altar this new loft wes beautifeid and # adornit with gilt pieces and ornamentis. Now the marques of Hammiltoun, foirseing thir feires and # apparant troubles, quhairof he hes not bene saikles fra the begining, as wold # appeir, for he had still the kingis ear, was continewallie upone his counsall, # quhilk he reveillit haistellie till our covenanteris be his letteris, quhairby # thay war provydit and

still upone thair guard to ansuer to whatsumever commissioun # wes sent be his Majestie heir, to protest aganes all maner of proclamationis # usit heir, and led or misled his gratious Prince (who had maid wp his forlorne # estait) as he pleisit. First, Ane generall assemblie wes indictit. 2. Ane # parliament wes indictit, quhairintill the king, in all his designes, both of kirk and # policie, wes trampet doun; his freindes and faithfull servitoris declairit # rebellis, incendiaris and malignantis, yea baneshit fra thair honouris, countreis # and estaites, and thair enemeis plantit and placed into thair roumes; # ministeris baneshit, thair places fillit wp according to the will of the # covenanteris, utheris deposit with indignitie and disgrace; and, in a word, none bot the # king, the bischoppis, nobles, ministeris and utheris who follouit his Majestie wes # borne doun pitifullie with shame and disgrace; as may appeir in his actis of # parliament, quhair his enemeis are exaltit and his trew servitouris cassin # doun. To thir haill doinges this marques of Hammiltoun wes still # privie, the raising of armes, the cuming to Berwick, the treattie of # peace, coroboratioun of parliament, the kingis returning to London, he is still # with him, he attendis his Majestie whill he saw no appeirans of peace, then he # leives him in his troubles with the parliament, fenzyeing him self to be # seik and he behovit to cum to Scotland for his helth, quhilk the king beheld, and # wynkit at his proceidinges, quhairof he had gottin sum knawledge suppose too # lait: bot the erll of Lanerk, secretar in Scotland, and secretar to the # Scottis counsall in Ingland, he left behind with the king, doubtles for a intelligencer, # who doubtles wes still cairful to acquent his owne brother german (and # onlie upraiser), the marques of Hammiltoun, with all occurrentis betuixt the king # and the parliament. Many wondred at the marques of Hammiltoun's behaviour fra the begining of this covenant, as ye may sie befoir, or what # could move him to deal so politiquelie with so good a maister; for it wes weill # knowne he honored this marques, he inritched his cofferis, and denyit him # nothing worldlie quhairin he could lessumly availl him, in counsall, in privie # chalmer, in bed chalmer, still cheifest in his Majesteis societie; and yet he # wold stur against him, and so behave him self wnder trust, as bred gryt greif to # the king and mutche trouble both in Scotland and England, as efter do # appeir, quhilk happellie micht have bene preventit, if he had reveillit thir plotis # tymouslie to his Majestie, and socht his honour, peice and prosperitie, as becam # ane trew and loyall subject, both for his hienes and weill of his haill # dominionis of England, Scotland and Ireland, who felt and sufferit ilk ane ther owne # trubles and severall vexationis, as sall appeir more planelie heirefter.

Aluayes this marques of Hammiltoun leavis the king in the # begining of thir troubles; bot his brother, as I have said, baid still at # court with the king, quhairby he had daylie intelligens what wes doing in court or # abroad. Weill, he cums to Hammiltoun, whair he had his meitinges with the # marques of Argyll, the heiche chancelar and uther pryme lordis of the covenant at # his plesour: Syne, at the doun sitting of the sessioun, he cam and duelt in # the kingis owne pallace of Holirudehous, and attendit the counsall dayes # ordinarlie. He had a stout guard about him of his owne freindis and # domestickis, and held a gryte hous, as wes reportit. He had his meitinges daylie and # nichtlie with the foirsaidis persones. Sie more heirefter. This marques of # Hammiltoun left the king, and cam in till Scotland about the beginning of # July, quhair he stayit whill [^BLANK IN THE TEXT^] 1643, as ye may sie # heirefter. The erll of Mortoun left his Majestie also, and cam to # Scotland to the kingis awin pallace of Dalkeith, quhair he remanit and duelt all this # while. Generall Leslie (now erll of Levin) bringis over his ladie # to the castell of Edinbrughe, theirin to dwell togidder about this tyme, # furnishit the same for his awin provision; bot had no more men bot sic as wes within, # by his owne domestikis. It wes reportit also, that thare wes about 24 noble men, # callit Banderis, that convenit in the Cannoget of Edinbrughe, at the foirsaid # counsall day, all malcontentis, and wes to petition the counsall, desiring thame # to keip ther Covenant, and Othe of Allegeance to his Majestie, and to # defend his royall prerogative now incrochit upone be his English subjectis. Of thir or the # lyk termes this petitioune wes framed be nobles and utheris of the # wast countrie, and givin in wnder the subscriptioun of the erll of # Montgomrie. The counsall gave no ansuer, bot slichtit the samen, commanding thame to # remove, whiche thay did and went to Glasgow. In the mein tyme, the # ministrie of Fyff, with nobles, barronis, and burgessis, gave also in to # the counsall ane uther petitioun. Thay cam in with gryte numberis, as the Banderis # also did. The toun of Edinbrughe gardit the counsall and Edinbrughe and # Leith both with about 1000 men in armes. It wes reportit, that the Irishis is veray strong, who # cannellie espyit thair tyme, to cast as ther yok of obediens, throw the incuming of # oure covenant.

Upone Fridday 5 Aprile, the marques sent over to the laird # of Clunyis hous, and took 50 pikis out thairof to this service. # Lykuaies the laird Drum younger sent over for doctor Gooldis sadill hors, quhilk he # durst not refuse. This samen Frydday, Nathaniell Gordoun went to the Road of # Abirdene with about 20 muskiteires, and took ane bark ladnit with # hering pertening to the kingdome of Denmark. This bark wes takin be ane English # Pirat, with ane uther bark also of that same natioun, be virtue of ane # Letter of Mark givin out to sum of thair schipis to tak sic schipis as # pertenit to Denmark and to Ireland also. Now this bark ladnit with hering being # thus taken, the Englishman (hes the one following hir) causis tak of [^BLANK IN # THE TEXT^] men of hir, and puttis in thair schip als mony of thair men (as siefairing # fashioun is), that scho suld not go from hir. This bark I say cumis throw change # of wynd to the Road of Aberdene, whome the said Nathaniell or major # Nathaniell Gordoun took and brings into the harberie of Abirdene; and, efter # tryell, takis the Englishmen and wairdis them in the tolbuith of Abirdene. # The Pirat who had takin this pryze, missing hir, cam to the Road of # Abirdene, and set a schoir the pilot and skipper to try if scho cam to the # harberie; bot upone the sext of Aprile thay war takin and wairdit with the rest. Bot # rather moir treulie it wes not the men of the Pirat, bot tua men of ane # uther warriour English Parliamentary schip whiche cam on land, as said is, # haveing nothing ado with the hering pryze. This schip seing thair pilot and # skipper not to cum aboord, thay apprehend that thay war takin. Whairupone thay # hoys saill and gois about the Nuke; bot, upone Mononday the 8 of Aprile, # scho returnis to the road, took thrie of oure fisher boatis with 24 men, # cheassit uther tua in at Done mouth with hir Cokboit, and ane uther north. Scho # landit also at Balhelvie and took tua bollis of malt from the countrie men # careing in to the toun, and had the samen aboord to thair schip. The marques wes # veray angrie, becaus he had commandit the fisheris that thay sould not go to # the sea, lest thay sould be takin, and he sould sustein thame lying on land; # bot foolishlie thay went on, quhairby the marques expectatioun wes # disapointit, thinking for setting thir tua men to libertie to have gottin sum cart # peices out of thair schip; aluaies scho lyis still at anchor and schot all day # divers gryte schottis on land, bot did no skaith. The fisher wyvis, wanting thair # men, ran crying upon the marques, who in end sent James Broun, skipper in # Abirdene, aboord

with ane letter fra thair skipper and pilot, desyreing thame # to set a schoir the fishermen and the malt, and to keip this skipper Broun whill # thay cam to thair schip; whiche wes done, and ilk one got thair awin. So scho wp # saillis, and to the sea gois scho but moir trubbill. In the mein tyme, the English Pirat, who had takin the # hering bark, heiring that scho wes takin and had in to Abirdene, scho unhappellie # lichtis upone skipper Walker his bark, one of oure toun's sailleris, anent # Peterheid, upone the 11 of Aprile, cuming from Caithnes to Abirdene, ladnit # with salt beif, talloun, skin, hyde, and such commoditeis pertening to Caithnes # merchandis. Thay tirrit skipper Walker out of his clothis and cled him in # raggis, and set him on schoir, who in pitifull maner cam to Abirdene and told the # marques, schowing he wold not get his schip nor goodis agane whill the pryze of # hering war restorit as his laufull pryze takin from the Danes be virtue # of ane Letter of Mark, as said is; quhairat the marques wes heichlie offendit # for the honest manis lois, bot culd not help him. Upone the bak of this, cumis to the Road, upone the 16 of # Aprile, this samen Pirat, and cheassis our haill fisher boitis, and settis # on schoir tua of thair owne men, declairing, since thair pryze of hering wes takin, # thay wold content with skipper Walkeris schip (whiche wes valourit worth 20,000 # merkis, and far above the worth of the hering pryze), and keip hir, # and let Abirdene keip the hering bark, and go thair way without moir offens, # provideing thay wold send thair men quhilk thay had wardit in Abirdene aboord, # and receave thair hering men whiche thay had takin fra thair schip; whiche # wes agreit upone; ilk schip receavit hir owne men, and to the sea gois # scho, haveing still skipper Walkeris schip fast, to the gryte greif and overthrow # of the honest man. The Danes gettis bak ther owne bark with sic hering as # major Nathaniell Gordoun had left onsauld; and the marques reprovit the said # Nathaniell veray bitterly for taking of the said hering without his # command, breiding also sic gryte feir and skaith to our coast syde; quhairat this # Nathaniell Gordoun wes so angrie that he haistellie took his leive, and left the # marques' service. Sonday 7 Aprile, the marques hard devotioun befoir and # efter none in Old Abirdene, Mr. Williame Strathauchin preichit; syne dynit in # George Middiltoun's hous, and returnit bak to his owne lodging in New Abirdene. Mononday 8 Aprile, our Old toun people wes commandit to # muster in the Lynkis. The marques viewit thame, and saw them a sillie waik # people, wanting armes, albeit he resolvit to tak 35 personis and arme thame # him self; bot yet he tuke not one man out of the Old toun. Thairefter he # went out to the

brig of Die, and causit big wp saif gairdis at ilk one of the # endis of the said brig to no purpois. Upone Tuysday 9 Aprile, James Grant with his Hieland men, # and divers companeis of Lowland men, war sent out to plunder and spol+gie # the place of Kemnay pertening sum tyme to umquhill Sir Thomas Crombie, a # faithfull servand to the hous of Huntlie, and to his name; whair thay # brak wp yettis and durris, got 6000 merkis of money, spol+geit and destroyit # the haill plenisching, plundering his girnellis and ground rigorouslie. Thay did the # lyk to Pittodrie, plunderit scheip af of Bannochie and his ground, # and landis of Mwny pertening to Mr. Robert Farquhar; and throw the country # thay went plundering lykuys armes and hors quhair ever thay culd be # gottin, to the wrak and hairschip of the land, following the Covenanteris # footstepis that began this plundering in Scotland. About this tyme, thair wes found swyming upone the loche of # Abirdene pulder rollit in ballis, quhilk had bene cassin thair, lest # the marques sould have gottin the same. Gryte tryell wes maid, bot none found. Word also of ane bloodie battell fought upone the 14 of # Marche betuixt the kingis men and oure Scottis army, quhair we had the worst; and # that the marques of Argyll had left the army and cum be sea to # Edinbrughe. Thair wes parteis sent doun to Banf and to Buchane, quhair # Auchnagat, perteining to the laird of Glenkindie, his girnellis, his # goodis, and ground, wes pitifullie plunderit; his brother Patrik Strathauchin of # Kynnadie plunderit, and spol+geit his bigging, victuall and all, syne took him self # prissoner and had him to Kellie, quhair he remanit upone his awin expenssis. # Thair went doun to Banf the lairdis of Geicht, Newtoun, Ardlogie, with ane # pairtie of fourtie hors and muskiteiris, brave gentilmen. Thay took in the toune # but contradictioun, mellit with the keyis of the tolbuith, took frie quarteris, # and plunderit all the armes thay could get, buffill cotis, pikis, pistollis, # suordis, carrabines, yea and money also. Thay took from Alexander Winchester, ane # of the bailleis thairof, 700 merkis, quhilk he [{had{] as ane of # the four Collectouris of the Taxationis and Loane Silver of Banf; and siclyk took fra # him 400 merkis of his awin geir; and fra [^BLANK IN THE TEXT^] Schand in Doun # thay plunderit sum moneyis. Thay causit the bailleis (for doctor Douglas thair provest had # fled) and tounesmen subscrive and sueir the band denying the last # Covenant, and obleigit to follow the king and his deputis in his service, as # ye have befoir. Thay took also from George Geddes, ane uther of the saidis # four Collectouris, 500 merkis of Taxatioun and Loan Silver. Geicht keipit all the # moneyis,

about tua thousand and five hundred merkis. Thairefter thay # rode to Muresk, perseuit the place, and being randerit, thay took the laird # with thame; syne returnit to Innerurie, quhair thay met with the marques, as ye # have heirefter. Thay plunderit nothing out of the erll of Marschallis ground # of Buchane. Upone the 10 of Aprile, the marques craves the Roll of the # Taxatioun of auchtene thousand and four hundreth merkis, impoisit be the # Estaites upone the toune of Abirdene, from Mr. Patrik Chalmer thair toune's # clerk, who wes loth to give the samen but command of the Counsall. Aluaies # the marques alledgit, he had als good richt to lift the samen as the # Estaites, and took ordour thairwith, as ye sall heir. Upone the 11 of Aprile, he lap on, with about 80 hors, and # rod from Abirdene to Strathbogie. Upone Setterday he returnit to Innerurie, # quhair mony of his freindis met him, foot men and hieland men. The laird # of Geicht, Newtoun, and thair companeis, cam thair, and wes estimat about # tua thousand and fyve hundreth men, quhairof thair wes four hundreth hors. # He mist sum of Strathbogie men oncum thair, quhairupone he # directit M'Ronald to go plunder and bring thame in. At this meiting the Tutour # of Struan cam out of Atholl with about 60 foot men to the marques. He stayit # at Innerurie Satterday and Sonday, and lodgit in umquhill Williame Fergus # his hous, and his men quarterit about him within the toune. Upone Mononday 15 Aprile, he returnit about sex houris at # evin, to Abirdene. He causit mak sum Ensignes, quhair on ilk syd was drawin ane # red rampand Lion, haveing ane croun of gold above his heid, and # C.R. for (\CAROLUS REX\), haveing this motto, FOR GOD, THE KING, AND AGAINST ALL TRAITTOURIS, and beneth, GOD SAVE THE KING. Thair wes divers # utheris Pinsellis maid for the barronis. The marques and his # folloueris weir ane blak taffetie about thair crag, quhilk wes ane signe to fight to # the death; bot it provit utheruayes. Upone Sonday 14 Aprile, by ordinance of the Committee of # the Kirk or Generall Assemblie at Edinbrughe, being Sonday, the marques of Huntlie, # the laird Drum younger, Robert Irving his brother, the laird of # Haddoche, the laird of Schethin, the laird of Tibbertie, Thomas Hay # servitour to Haddoche, Mr. James Kennedy secretar to the marques, whois names are # Alexander Irving younger of Drum, Robert Irving his brother, Sir John Gordoun # of Haddoche, Williame Seytoun of Schethin, Williame Innes of Tibbertie, war # all excomunicat at Sanct Geillis kirk, and ordanit the nixt # ensewing Sonday to be excomunicat (altho Pashe day) throw all the rest of the kirkis # of Edinbrughe.

This is to be nottit, that this Committee of the Kirk, # without citatioun, probatioun, proces or sentence according to thair owne # disciplyn of the Kirk, went on most maliciouslie to excomunicat this noble man and # sum of his freindis without lauchfull proces, or ony ressone, bot for his # loyaltie to his Majestie the King, doing all thay could to mak him odius in # the sicht of the people. Bot the marques wyslie beheld all. Sie [{hereafter{] # the veray act of the commissioneris of the Generall Assemblie maid thairanent. Upone Tuysday 16 Aprile, [{the marques{] causit carie to # Strathbogie tua of John Andersonis schip cart peices to stok, as wes said, and # that samen day convenit the counsall of Abirdene and haill inhabitantis, commanding # thame aganes Setterday nixt to provyde thair taxatioun of auchtein thousand # and four hundreth merkis. The bailleis ansuerit, the people wold on nawayes pay # the samen, except thay thame selves gave thair band to warrand the # toune's people from payment of the samen over agane, which thay said thay could # not do, as a mater tending to thair wrack, if the toune war put at agane by # the Estaites. The marques ansuerit, if the toun wold receave tua hundreth # and fyftie soldiouris, and farder as necessitie requyrit, upone frie quarteris, and # thay to be payit out of the commoun good for thair intertynnement, he will # behald thame; quhairunto the toun condiscendit, thinking it the best # way rather then to pay out the taxatioun altogidder. Aluayes thay gat, # upone the 18 of Aprile, tuelf scoir soldiouris on frie quarteris; and # thairefter, upone the 24 of Aprile, thay resavit fourtein scoir moir of soldiouris, # making in the haill fyve hundreth and tuentie soldiouris, quhilk the thesaurer of # Abirdene gat compt of to sustein upone frie quarteris. The thesaurer of Abirdene # wes commandit to pay the charges of thir soldiouris to the toune's people # who intertynneit thame. Besydis, the marques intertynneit upone his awin # expenssis his owne men of Strathbogie, Strathavan, Eng+gie; and the barronis # sustenit thair awin men, whome thay brocht in; and ilk gentilman friehalder did # the lyk, so long as thair moneyis lestit, and when thay wantit thay ar forsit # to tak frie quarteris with the rest in Abirdene. The marques himself wes above 500 # merkis debursit daylie upone his owne soldiouris, quhilk drew to # muche money, quhairof it is said he had about 100,000 pundis when he began # lying besyd him in reddy money, and schortlie wes consumeit. The toune of Abirdene began to repent thair bargane, # thinking it better to have payit thair taxatioun nor to sustein soldiouris daylie, # as thay came in, upone frie quarteris, if it continewit long. Aluaies the marques wes forsit to tak Abirdene as the # fittest pairt for his

randevous; and for thair better eis sent daylie out pairteis # to plunder girnellis, who wold not cum in to him; amonges whome the laird of Lesleis girnellis in Banchorie, and the laird of Wdnyis girnellis of # [^BLANK IN THE TEXT^]; sic as wes left oncareit to Urie wes plunderit out of Banchorie; and # this wes done upone the 16 of Aprile. Thair wes found yirdit in Mr. Robert Farquharis clois tua # fyne brassin peices pertening to the lord Sinckler, quhilk the marques # mellit with about this tyme in Abirdene, and wes glaid in getting thairof. Tuysday 16 Aprile wes the day of the Provinciall Assemblie # at Abirdene; bot the ministeris durst not in thir troublesome tymes keip # the same for feir of plundering thair hors. Aluaies sic of the bretheren as # convenit continewit this Assemblie to Tuysday the 14 of May, quhilk wes keipit. Thair cam word to Abirdene, upon Wedinsday the 17 of # Aprile, that the lord Elcho wes cum to Dundie with 800 Fyf men; that the erll # of Kingorne, the erll of Southesk and utheris had raisit 800 men; that the # marques of Argyll had raisit out of Perthschire 800 men; and that thair wes # cuming out of Argyll about 1000 men, by and attour 800 men cuming out of # Ireland of the erll of Lauthean and laird of Laeris regiment; and that the # erll Marschall and viscount of Arbuthnot had raisit out of the Mernis about # 500 men; and drawing haistellie to ane heid aganes the marques of Huntlie # his freindis and followeris; and that thair wes committees daylie holding at # Forffar for Angous, and at Fordoun for the Mernis; quhilk over treulie cam to pas. # Bot the marques seimit to tak littill heid heirof, albeit his kin # wes more forduartlie set; quhairupone follouit sorrow, schame, and skaith, as ye may # heir. Now the marques, being informit of this preparationis, # causit warne be sound of trumpet at the cros of Abirdene all suche as had # gottin his protectioun to meit him at Innerurie the 18 of Aprile, with certificatioun # his protectioun sould be null. He appointit Major Hay with sum troupes and # foot to keip Abirdene, and, upone the foirsaid 17 of Aprile, rydis # from Abirdene to Innerurie; his goodfone Alexander Irving younger of Drum # with about 40 hors follouit him in the efternone. He rode throw the Old # toun, haveing tua cullouris, one haveing the Kinges armes, the uther haveing # the Irvinges armes. The marques, at his lichting, causit quarter his men # thair convenit at Innerurie, Kintoir, and Muchallis; him self stayit # Wedinsday and Thuirsday in umquhill William Fergusone's hous in Innerurie. He directit # out Donald Farquharsone, M'Ronald, the Tutour of Struan with thair # folloueris, and some lowland foot men, about tua hundreth and fourtie persones, # to attend

sum hors troupes going upone ane expeditioun into Angous; and # so left Innerurie, [{and{] cam bak to Abirdene upone Frydday the 19 of Aprile. Upone Setterday, he causit dreill wp in the Lynkis sic men # as he had within the toune, estimat about auchtscoir hors, and betuixt sevin # and aucht hundreth foot; and about four efternone the marques returnit fra the # Lynkis to the toune. And immediatlie thairefter Alexander Irving of Drum # younger, Robert Irving his brother (who had ingaged thameselvis in this # bussines aganes thair fatheris will, as wes said), [^BLANK IN THE TEXT^] # Gordoun of Geicht younger, Johne Gordoun his father brother, Johne Gordoun of Ardlogie, Major # Nathaniell Gordoun, [^BLANK IN THE TEXT^] Urquhart of Craghouse, Williame # Innes of Tibbertie, Alexander Irving of Kincousie, and sum utheris, rode that same nicht out # of Abirdene wp Die side, about thriescoir tuelf hors, commanderis and all. # They gave ordouris to the foot men forsaid, and, upone Mononday the # 22 of Aprile, thay passit all over Die, intending onlie to go to Montrois, # and to tak the tua brassin Cartowis lying thair, if thay war not impedit; quhilk # wes most dangerous and desperat in respect of an gathering at Fordoun and ane # uther at Forfar, and utheris before specifeit. Aluaies forduard thay # went, being of all, foot and hors, about 300 men; and, upone Wedinsday the 24 of # Aprile, be tua houris in the morning, with sound of trumpet thay cam to the # toun, who had set on fyres upon thair stepill to walkin the countrie, and # wes in armes thameselffis, and rang the commoun bell; bot all for nocht. Thay boldlie # enterit Montrois, dang the toune's people fra the calsey to thair # houssis, and out of the foirstaires thay schot desperatlie, bot thay war forssit to # yield by many feirfull schotes schot aganes thame; quhair unhappellie Alexander # Peirsone ane of thair bailleis wes slayne, sum sayes by Nathaniell Gordoun, # utheris holdis by ane hieland man whome the said baillie also slew. Thairefter, # it wes said, thay intended to schip thir Cartowis in ane schip lying in Montrois # water pertening to Alexander Burnet elder in Abirdene be consent of Alexander # Burnet his sone, who hapnit to be thair and had promesit no les, # being ane antecovenanter. Bot, by this Burnetis knowledge, James Scot now provest of # Montrois with certane of his neightbouris had quietlie convoyit # thameselffis with thair best goodis into the said schip. When scho began to # fleit, scho drawis nar the schoir, quhair young Drum and his men war thinking to # schip thair Cartowis, according to Alexander Burnetis promeis foirsaid, # and to have had thame about be sea to Abirdene. Bot, far by thair expectatioun, # this schip schot fyve or six peice of ordinans disperatlie amongis thame, # with about fourtie muscattis, quhair by the gryte providens of God thair wes bot # onlie tuo

men killit, and sum hurt. Drum seing this, thay reteirit thame # selffis, brak the quheillis of the Cartowis, for mair thay culd not do, nor # brak thame thay micht not, and threw thame over the schoir to mak thame # unserviceable; bot thay war brocht to Abirdene, as ye have [{hereafter.{] Drum returnis to the toune, and beginis to brak wp merchand # boothis, plunder, and cruellie spol+gie ritche merchandice, clothis, # silkis, velvotis, and uther costlie wair, silver, gold and silver wark, armes and # all uther thing, quhairat the hieland men wes not slaw. Thay brak wp a pype of # Spanish wyne, and drank hartfullie. Thay took Patrik Lichtoun lait # provest, and Androw Gray, prissoneris. Thay left Montrois in wofull cace, # about tuo efternone; syn, that samen nicht, went to Cortoquhy to meit with the erll # of Airlie, who heiring of the marques of Argyllis cuming wold not give # thame entrie, contrair to thair expectatioun. Aluays thay returnit thairfra # touardis Abirdene; bot be the way thair wes takin 32 hieland men, sum # sayis 52, who had unwyslie biddin behind the rest, plundering the Montrois # goodis, and is takin, schaklit, and sent to Edinbrughe, to pay for thair # faultis. Major Gordoun cam bak to Abirdene upone Frydday the 26 of Aprile; and young Drum went to the place thairof to sie his lady. Patrik # Lichtoun and Androw Gray cam in, with major Gordoun, who declarit the gryte forces # that wes gathering, and that the marques of Argyll wes cum to Dunnotter # quyetlie; quhilk wes over trew. It is heir to be nottit, that notwithstanding of the many # schotis schot within the toune and out of the schip, yit it pleissit God # that few wes killit to Drumis syde, except tua or thrie persones, mervallous to sie! # and als few to the other syde, except Alexander Peirsone baillie, who wes # schot be Natheniell Gordoun. Thair intentioun wes to have schippit thir Cartowis # within the foirsaid schip to have brocht about when scho cam with hir ladning to # Abirdene; bot thay gat ane cruell assault, as ye have befoir, and wes # michtellie disappoyntit. The tutour of Struan with sum hieland men did brave service # with thair schort gunis. It is said, that Drum causit rais fyre tua severall tymes # in Montrois, yit major Gordoun still quenshit and pat out the samen. Efter this ungodlie and grevous oppressioun, the young # laird Drum returnit, as I have said, not with the bodie of ane weill governit army, # as he went out, bot ilk ane efter uther, stragling; and, upone Setterday the # 27 of Aprile, he cam to Abirdene, quhair the marques wes lying still, to his # gryte unhap, schame, and disgrace, as heirefter ye may sie.

Ye hard of the marques of Argyllis cuming to Dunnotter. He # cam quyetlie, about 32 hors, upone the 26 of Aprile, attending thair the # cuming of the Perthschire men, and of the erll of Lauthean and laird of # Laeris regiment cuming out of Ireland, of whome ye fall heir moir schortlie. The lord # Forbes, and maister of Forbes his sone, Sir Williame Forbes of # Gragiwar, Alexander Strathauchin of Glenkindie, [^BLANK IN THE TEXT^] Forbes of # Echt, [^BLANK IN THE TEXT^] Skein of that ilk, [^BLANK IN THE TEXT^] Forbes of Leslie, [^BLANK IN THE # TEXT^] Calder of Asloun, and sindrie utheris, sic as Androw lord Fraser, [^BLANK IN THE TEXT^] Forbes of # Tolquhone, [^BLANK IN THE TEXT^] Forbes of Wattertoun, Johne Kennedy of Kermuk, [^BLANK IN THE TEXT^] # Forbes Tutour of Petsligo, [^BLANK IN THE TEXT^] Fraser of Phillorth, Sir Williame Forbes # of Monymusk, who had tane thame selffis to strenthis, cumis now to the feildis. # Bot the lord Forbes, the maister of Forbes, Cragiwar, Glenkindie, Echt, # Skeyne, and sum utheris, went to the Commitees of Angous and Mernis abefoir # the cuming of the marques of Argyll, and the rest keipit thair houssis. Upone Sonday 21 Aprile, the marques hard sermon in Old # Abirdene befoir and efternone, dynit in George Middeltoun's. Thair cam over # ane guard out of the toune about 60 muskiteiris and pikoneiris, with tua # cullouris, ane drum, and ane bag pipe. Thay attendit the marques lodging, syne # returnit bak, and the marques following upone horsbak, to Abirdene. Johne Kennedy of Kermuk, ane mane covenanter, wes in Aprile # first plunderit be Robert Irving, the laird Drumis sone, quhair his best hors # and sum armis wes takin fra him; thairefter Sir Johne Gordoun of # Haddoche plunderit sum wark hors fra his pure tennentis. He wold eit none of # Kermuk's meit; bot baid with Mr Androw Leitche minister his table, and # lay in the place of Kermuk all nicht. His soldiouris lay in Ellon, who gat # meit fra the place, and kest in ane littill stak of his beir for thair hors # meit. Thay stayit thair 24 houris, syne rode thair way. Patrik Strathauchin of Kynnadie, at this samen tyme, wes # plunderit and tane captive and had to Kelly, becaus he wold not pay the said # Sir Johne Gordoun ane fyne. But fra Kelly he wes transportit to Tolly, # and fairlie wan away. Upone Wedinsday the 24 of Aprile, the marques sent Sir # Johne Turing of Foverane quyetlie to Dunnotter commissioner to the erll # Marschall. He upone the morne returnit tymlie to the marques with ane ansuer not # to his contentment, quhilk bred ane suddant alteratioun. Now nothing bot plundering of poor menis wark hors, and # forsit to redeim thair awin beistis bak agane by payment of moneyis les or # mair, and glaid to

get thame so. Thair wes ane naig plunderit fra the persone of # Balhelvie, and another fra the chalmerlane. Alexander Gordoun of Brasinoir leavis the marques service, # and gois to the lord Gordoun, who had few abefoir of the name of Gordoun except # James Gordoun of Rothemay, and Johne Gordoun of Park, and wes about 32 hors of all in company. This Alexander Gordoun wes mareit to the # provest Patrik Leslyis dochter, who wrocht upone the lord Gordoun and sum # utheris to get the prissoneris out of Auchindoun. By whose persuasioun he # rydis, charges [^BLANK IN THE TEXT^] Gordoun of Birkinburne, capitane of # Auchindoun, to rander him the hous, becaus his father the marques wes fled and away. He # ansuerit, he had no warrant fra him to rander his hous, and whill he saw him # self he wold keip it; and schortlie schot out sum hagbuttis of sound, brak # ground befoir him, bot did no moir skaith. Quhairupone the lord Gordoun # returnit bak and left the hous, quhilk wes upone the [^BLANK IN THE TEXT^] day # of Aprile. The erllis of Montrois, Craufurd, Niddisdaill, Traquhair, # Kynnoull, Carnueth, the viscount of Oboyne, and lord Ogilvy, cam in with ane # company of hors and fut to Drumfreis in this samen month of Aprile; bot # did no vassalage, and upone thair awin ressones haistellie returnit bak to # Carleill. In the mein tyme James Leslie sone to Johne Leslie of Petcaple, # [^BLANK IN THE TEXT^] Ruthven, and uther thrie gentlemen, sitting cairlislie drinking behind # the company in Drumfreis, war suddantlie takin, had to Edinbrughe, and # straitlie wardit in the tolbuith thairof, and thairefter releivit, as ye have # heirefter. Upone Setterday efternone the 27 of Aprile, thair wes 44 # soldiouris pertening to William Seyton of Schethin, Mr. James Buchane of Auchmacoy, # and James Seytoun of Petmedden, who lay in Old Abirdene whill # Tuysday upone the poor people's charges. Sonday the 28 of Aprile, the marques hard devotioun in Old # Abirdene, dynit in George Middeltoun's hous; wreit, all the efternone's # preiching, missive letteris. He had ane gaird with ane cullour attending upone # him, bot nather drum nor pype as befoir. He returnit bak to Abirdene to # his lodging. Upone Mononday the 29 of Aprile, the marques' freindis # beginis to gruge and murmur with his delayis, seing his enemeis grow to ane # gryte number and his forces daylie decressing and growing fewer and fewer; # and desyrit him haistellie to go to the Mernis and to Angous and brak thair # forces, utheruayis thay war all loist. He hard all, and went to ane counsall of # war, quhair the marques alledgit, if he sould leave Abirdene and go to the # Mernis, then he wes sure the Forbesses and Fraseris and uther Covenanters sould # cum and tak

in the toune, and follow him hard at the heilles to the Mernis # to his seing perrell and gryte danger; and declairit he had ressone to # delay, in respect of his hoipis, quhilk wes now liklie to deceave him. For first, # he wes informit most crediblie be his owne servitour Johne Gordoun (alias # Johne of Beruick), that his Majestie sould have ane commissioun at him for # raising of armes, befoir he sould rys; 2. That his Majestie sould have in ane army in # Scotland about the last of Marche for his forder assureans; quhilkis the # said Johne Gordoun be his gryte oath told him, becaus he durst not carie letteris # out of England to him, lest they had bein intercepted. 3. He had hopes of the # lord Forbes and his owne vassallis of that name and divers utheris # lordis and erllis south and north to have rysin als sone as he rais, quhairupone # he lay still attending thair rysing. 4. The good opinioun he did conceive of the # countrie people both in brughe and land, grevouslie groaning wnder the # tyrrany and oppressioun of the Estaites, lifting men, hors, loan money, # levie money, armes, excises, and suche like cruelteis, to thair unspeikabill # sorrow. Upone thir ressones, he said he had too rashlie ingageit him self and his freindis, # quhilkis he perceavit now had cleirlie faillit him, and he knew weill, # that he and his freindis wes not abill to give battell to the # invinsibill army cuming against him; taking the gryte God to witness it wes sore # against his will, and if he could sie the lest spark of liklihood or outget, he # sould byd it to the last man. His freindis heiring this discours (quhilk wes most trew) # becam sorrowfull. Aluaies thay fell upone the nixt best cours, quhilk wes, seing # thay war unhabill to give battell, that the marques sould hold his freindis # togidder, and goe with ane fleing army, wait upone the wynges of thair enemeis # forces, leive upone thair enemyis countrie goodis, and in tyme of neid to # draw to Strathbogie, Auchindoun, or the Bog, to the wyreing of the enemy, and byde # a better fortoun if ony help sould cum fra the king for thair # releif. This counsall wes approvin, and, becaus the Southland army wes at hand, thay # resolve to meit at Strathbogie with all the forces thay could mak. Bot # major Nathaniell Gordoun who wes rebuikit for the herynge prys, as ye hard, # miscontent with this cours, quytis the marques' service, and gois to the # lord Gordoun, who wold not heir of him; and so he leivit be him self, of whome # ye may sie moir heirefter. Upone Tuysday the 30 of Aprile, he wes informit that his # sone the lord Gordoun wes in the toune of Banf growing to ane heid; heirfoir # he liftis John Andersonis tuo cairt peices, and the tuo brassin peices # found in Mr. Robert

Farquharis, clois, and sent them to Strathbogie, and # immediatlie gois to hors for Banf: bot his sone had no sic intentioun as to grow # to ane heid against him. Upone the first of May, Androw Gray wes sent bak from # Abirdene to Montros haill and sound; bot Patrik Lichtoun wes sent to Auchindoun, # to byd with oure Abirdenis prissoneris. And thairwith Sir George # Gordoun of Geicht, Alexander Irving younger of Drum, Robert Irving his # brother, with about 60 hors, rode throw the Old toun with new quhyte lances # in their handis to Strathbogie. The marques left all his freindis in # Abirdene, when he rode to Banf, wnder gryte feir, as thay had caus. From Banf # he gois to Strathbogie, quhair his freindis met him, and wes ane brave # company about 300 hors and 1500 foot. Upone the [^BLANK IN THE TEXT^] day of # May, Sir Johne Gordoun of Haddoche, Alexander Irving younger of Drum, Sir George Gordoun # of Geicht, and principallis of his freindis thair, deallis with the # marques to give ordour for his fleing army. He changes resolutioun, seing he wes not # abill to give battell. It was said thay ansuerit, "We have schawin our selfis # foolishlie, and will leave the feildis schamefullie. We thocht never better of # it." Young Drum stayit the marques weill roodlie on going to his hors # anes or tuys; quhairat he wes offendit. Aluaies heir thir brave gentlemen # pairtis with sore hairtis, and quhairupone mekill sorrow fell schortlie # thairefter. The marques rydis in anger upone the morne to Artclach, # quhair he wes all night; upone the morne, rydes to Auchindoun, quhilk wes # the sevint of May, and immediatlie setis Patrik Leslie provest, Mr. Robert # Farquhar, Alexander and John Jossrayis, and the said Patrik Lichtoun to libertie, # who cam to Abirdene with gryter credet nor thay war takin out of it. # He seikis about for his owne saiftie, and bydis quyetlie in Auchindoun, quhill # ye may sie. Sie also of the incuming of oure Abirdenis prissoneris. Ye heir how the marques of Huntlie had left the toune of # Abirdene, contrair to the expectatioun of many, upone the last of Aprile, leaving # his haill freindis within the toune in gryte feir and melancholie of ane # Southland army to cum schortlie, as it did; for upone Thuirsday thairefter, # the second day of May, thair cam to Abirdene the lord Burly and the lord # Elcho with the men of Fyf, [^BLANK IN THE TEXT^] with Perthschire men, the # erll of Marschall and viscount of Arbuthnot with the men of Mernis, the erll of Kingorne and # lord of Carnegie with the Angous men. Thair cam out of thir four schires about # the number of 2000 fut and 400 hors, by baggage men and hors. Thay # war weill furneishit with ammunitioun, pulder, matche, ball, # muscatis, carribinis,

pikis, suordis, cullouris, pistollis, puterlinges and uther # armes, careing this motto, FOR THE COVENANT, RELIGIOUN, THE CROUN, AND THE # KINGDOME. Ilk severall company had thair capitans, commanderis, and # officiares, thair trumpettouris and drumis. Thay cam all in goodly ordour # of battel, terribill to thair enemeis, and joyfull to thair freindis. # Thay took up thair randevous that nicht in the Lynkis and beyond the water at # Torry, and fed upone ther awin provisioun, whiche wes careit with them. The marques of Argile who had cum to Dunnotter, as ye hard # befoir, rydis thairfra to the place of Drum, about 400 hors, and cam # not into Abirdene with the rest of the army. The erll Marschall cam not in # nather with the Mernis men; bot wes with Argile, who also follouit him to # Drum. Thair cam also to him the erll of Lauthean and laird of Laeris # regiment out of Ireland, about 500 brave soldiouris, with [^BLANK IN THE TEXT^] wemen. Sir Alexander Irving of Drum wes not at home when Argile # and the rest came; bot his lady, and his gude dochter ladie Marie Gordoun # and sister dochter to Argile, wes present. He and his company war all # maid welcum according to the tyme. Thair wes uther 500 soldiouris cuming # out of Argile to him also; by and attour the haill north wes at his command. # He causit schortlie put the ladeis to the yettis, thair haill men # servandis and wemen servandis also. The ladeis cam out with tua gray plaidis, and gat tua # wark naiges whiche bure thame in to Abirdene. The rennegat Irish # soldiouris thairefter fell to, and pitifullie plunderit and abusit this noble hous. Now at the incuming of this army to Abirdene the # covenanteris wes no les blythe nor the noncovenanteris wes wo; for the ane factioun # croppit the calsey couragiouslie, prydfullie, and disdanefullie; the uther # factioun wes forsit to walk humelie, and to suffer the pryde of thair toun's # nightbouris, who rejoisit at thair miserie. Sum fled the toun, utheris convoyit thair # goodis out of the way, and ilk noncovenanter did for him self the best maner he # could. Howsoever, this army, foot and hors, Hieland and Lawland men, and Irish # regiment, wes estimat, bag and baggage, to be about 6000 men, unhappelie # raisit by the unfortunat marques of Huntlie's rysing, to the gryte # hurt and wrak of thir north pairtis, as efter ye sall heir, and yit nowayes the # marques' fault, as ye hard befoir. Ye hard of the marques of Argiles cuming to Drum, and of # the erll Marschallis cuming to him, and Irish regiment; whiche regiment leivit # upone the laird Drumis victuall and goodis. The marques schortlie # removit the tua ladeis and set thame out of yettis perforce (albeit the young # ladie wes his awin

sister dochter) with tua gray plaidis about thair heidis. # Thair haill servandis wes also put to the yett; bot the ladeis cam in upon tua wark # naiges in pitifull maner to New Abirdene, and took wp thair lodging besyde the # goodwyf of Auchluncart, then duelling in the toune. Then thir runagat # Irish soldiouris fell to, and plunderit the place of Drum, quhairin wes stoir # of insicht plenishing and ritche furnitour, and all uther provisioun necessar. Thay # left nothing which could be careit, and brak doun the staitlie bedis, # burdis, and tymber wark. Thay killit, and destroyit the bestiall, nolt, scheip, ky, for # thair meit. Thay brak wp girnellis, quhair thay had plenty of meill and malt. # Thay fand yirdit in the yaird of Drum ane trunk full of silver plait, # goldsmith wark, jewellis, chaynes, ringes, and uther ornamentis of gryte # worth, and estimat above 20,000 pundis, quhairof pairt wes sein in Abirdene. # Thus, thir ladeis being removit with thair servandis, and all thingis plunderit # by thir Irish rogues, then the marques appointit ane capitane with 50 # muskiteires of thir people to keip this hous, and left tuo peice of ordinance also # with them, quhair thay leivit upone the lairdis girnellis and goodis whill thay # war removit, and utheris put in thair place, as ye sall heir. Thair wes # following the Irish regiment about 51 wemen with sum young childrein. Thir wemen wes # quarterit in Old Abirdene. Thay gat nothing bot hous roume, for thay # receavit weiklie ilk woman out of the girnellis of Drum tua peccis of # meill, quhairon thay leivit, and wes punctuallie brocht to the Old toun and # payit. Thay had ane capitane over thame to sie thame weiklie payit, and that # thay did no wrong. So thir wemen remanit in Old Abirdene als long as the # men stayit in Drum, and when thay removit thairfra, thay removit out of # the Old toun without doing ony wrong. Thus, is this auncient hous of Drum # oppressit, spol+geit, and pitifullie plunderit, without ony fault # committit be the old laird thairof; bot onlie for his tua sones following of the hous of # Huntlie, and as wes thocht foir against his will also. Aluaies this is to be # nottit for the marques of Argile's first peice of service in this play, without love # or respect to his sister dochter or innocencie of the old laird Drum, whair # for a whyll I will leave him doubtles in greif and distres. Upone Setterday 4 May, the erll of Kingorne is establishit # governour in Abirdene, haveing ane garrisoun to attend him; and about tua # efternone the army beginis to marche out of Abirdene, and both the tounes # sent out and furneshit baggage horssis to follow them. Thay had the # viscount of Arbuthnet, the lord Elcho, the lord Burly, with uther capitanes and # commanderis of good worth. Thair wes 25 cullouris, cairtpeices, # trumpettaris and drumis,

in good ordour. Thay marchit this nicht to Chrystes grein at # Wdny, quhair thay lay. And that samen 4 of May, the marques of Argile, haveing # drest the place of Drum as ye have hard, with the erll Marschall, and Irish # regiment, marches from the said hous touardis Kintor and Innerurie, quhair # provisioun wes sent out of Abirdene upone both the toune's horssis, and thair they # encampit. The innocent old laird Drum cam to thir lordis in humell maner, # accompaneit onlie with Mr. Williame Davidsone schirref depute of Abirdene. He # had sum speiches with thame, but fand littill comfort. At last he took his # leive, and gat licens to go to Frendracht, quhair his dochter wes mareit to the # viscount of Conva of Frendracht. It is said, quhill as this army is lying at Innerurie, the # marques of Argile sent ane trumpettour with ane letter to the marques of Huntlie # being in Strathbogie; bot what it wes or what ansuer it receavit I can # not tell, for the laird Drum and his brother with sum few utheris wes with him in # Strathbogie, with whom he appeirit veray joyfull all that day; and upone # the morne thairefter he went quyetlie to Auchindoun, as ye have befoir, # quhair I will leave the marques. Upon Mononday 6 May, the army marchit fra Wdny touardis the # place of Kelly, whairon thair wes no roofe bot the wallis stronglie # built standing on volt; for the laird duelt in lauche bigging besyde the hous, # and had fortefeit the wallis with faill, quhairby men might stand and defend the # hous. The laird had sum freindis, servandis, and tennentis within the # hous, weill furneshit with meit, drink, and all uther necessar provisioun; and store # of ammunitioun, sic as hagbuttis of found, muscatis, carrabinis, suordis, # pikis, pistollis, pulder, ball, and suche like. He causit burne wp his awin # stables, barnes, byres, and uther lauche bigging, lest the same sould be ane # scons or refuge to his enemeis, and at thair approche schot divers hagbuttis of # found and muscattis to hold thame af; who wes also attending the cuming of the # marques of Argile and erll Merschall who cam from Innerurie to Kelly, # accompaniet with the lord Gordoun, the lord Fraser, the maister of Forbes, # and divers uther barronis, leaving his regiment of Irishis lying at Innerurie. The marques seing this hous could not be win bot with # effusioun of muche blood sendis ane trumpettour summonding the laird of Haddoche # to rander the hous, utheruys sic as would cum willinglie out and yeild # sould have conditionis of thair lives and goodis, and thay who would stand out sould # have no mercie. This charge seemit veray strange, and with all Walter # Ritcherdsone

his canoneir lap the wallis of Kelly and stall away to the # camp, to all thair gryter greifis that wes within the hous. At last the laird and # the rest gois to counsall, quhair his men declarit thay wold byd be him # providing he wold schaw thame ane way to stand out, utheruayis thay wold rather # yeild now upone conditionis, nor yeild perforce without ony conditionis. # The laird of Haddoche wes now put to grite extremetie, and could be no # meinis draw thame fra thair opinioun, quhilk doubtles wes thair best, seing ane # feirfull army befoir thame and no kynd of apeirans of releif to rais them. Nather # wes it wisdome to tak the keiping of ane hous aganes ane army, except thay # knew of releif by cuming of ane uther army; utheruayis it is not possibill to # no strenth long to stand out, bot at last must yeild. The laird of # Haddoche now out of tyme findis his awin folie, and haistellie hingis out ane # signe of parlie and callis for his young cheif the lord Gordoun, to whome he # offeris to rander his hous upone conditioun that him self, his men, and souldiouris # within the samen, sould be saif in thair lives, landis, and goodis; # whiche the lord Gordoun culd not get grantit. Then he sent for the erll Marschall # craving thir conditionis; quhilkis war plainlie refusit, and the maist that wes grantit # wes, that he sould rander his hous, cum out with him self and his men to # the marques of Argile and lordis and capitanes of the army, and humelie # submit them selffis, lyf, landis, and goodis in the will of the Estaites, # and ordour of the army. This wes the maist the erll Marschall could wirk, albeit # indeid the haill men wan away saif and sound, except sum few, as ye sall # heir. The laird Haddoche yeildis to the erll Marschall, being his blood freind # and laitlie cum of his hous, upone thir conditionis; bot not to his young # cheif, who offerit the same conditionis, quhairat he tuke sum exceptioun, as wes # thocht. Now the yettis ar all cassin wp. The laird of Haddoche cums out, # and all his soldiouris yeildis thame selffis, thair lives, thair landis, thair goodis # to the marques of Argile and rest of the nobles and commanderis of the army. # Thay keipit Haddoche in the camp, and immediatlie sendis in to the # tolbuith of Abirdene Johne Logie sone to Mr. Androw Logie minister at Rayne, Johne # and Alexander Gordouns sones to [^BLANK IN THE TEXT^] Gordoun at the milne of # Kelly, [^BLANK IN THE TEXT^] Chalmer sone to Alexander Chalmer of Drymnes, and [^BLANK IN THE TEXT^] # Dilgarnoch, his soldiouris, and quyttit all the rest to go home in peace. Then # thay set in about 36 soldiouris to keip the place of Kelly, whiche thay # fand weill furneshit to thair handis with meit and drink, quhairon thay fed # lustellie, with about nyne scoir chalderis of victuall in his girnellis; for # he had keipit wp mekill of thrie yeiris rent to ane darth, and now gat nothing # for it. Statelie

wes the plenishing within this hous, and plesant yardis and # planting about the samen. Now the soldiouris brakis lous, and byrnis wp the haill # tennentis bigging of Mekill Kelly for the most pairt, the bigging of Overhill, and # sum biggingis of Thornehill; and uther bigging thay tirrit, tuke doun the # tymber and maid huttis thairof; and lykuaies brak doun and cuttit the plesant # planting to be huttis, and distroyit the grein growing hedges out at the # ground. Thay enterit to the haill bestiall, nolt, scheip, ky, pertening to the # laird on his maynes and to his tennentis quhairever thay could be found, eit and # distroyit wp all. The erll Marschall him self mellit with fyve or sex sadill # horssis of good worth, pertening to the laird of Haddoche. His haill armes # within the hous, quhairof thair wes plentie, wes pluckit wp and plunderit. # Thair wes not ane lok, key, band, dur nor wyndo left onbrokin doun daylie to # the poor tennentis, cotteris, and girshmen, who for feir of thair lives had fled # heir and thair throw the countrie fra thair duellingis, and convoyit # sic geir as thay could get out of the way. Thay brak doun beddis, burdis, # almereis and uther tymber wark, and made fyre of the same. Thus is this countrie, both on the one syde and the other, # grevouslie oppressit, and the people crying daylie to God for ane vengance upone # thir cruell covenanteris for thair unrichteous warkis, but auchtoritie of # the king. The hous of Kelly wes randerit upone Wedinsday the 8 of May # with litle seige, and les skaith, being about tua persones slayne to the # assaillantis; quhair I will ceas whill [\afterwards.\] The samen nicht that Kelly wes randerit, the camp rode to # Geicht, both hors and foot; bot the same wes also randerit upone the morne, # the nynt of May, be the laird of Geicht elder. His sone the young laird # escaipis with tua or thrie, and being weill horsit lap the park dykis and # saiflie wan away in presens of the soldiouris lying about the place, who follouit, # bot cam no speid to thair gryte greif. The old laird is keipit besyde Haddoche, # and his soldiouris set at libertie. Thair is ane capitan with about 24 soldiouris # put within the place of Geicht, quhilk wes weill provydit with meit, and # drink, and uther necessares; and quhairin thair wes store of ammunitioun, # pulder and ball, with victuall in girnellis aboundantlie. Thair wes tua # soldiouris slayne to the camp but more blood. Sie heirefter of the marques of Argyllis # removing. Ye hard befoir, how Haddoche had plunderit and takin Patrik # Strathauchin ane discreit gentilman, wairdit him in Kelly fyftein dayis. He # thairefter sent him to the place of Tolly Barclay, whiche wes takin in be the # marques of

Huntlie, and Hew Gordoun maid capitane over 16 soldiouris # appointit to be keiparis thairof. Bot this Patrik Strathauchin maid quyet # freindschip amongis the soldiouris, took the capitane, and keipit the hous # manfullie whill the army came; and syne came bravelie out, and gat his hors and armes # agane, quhilk Haddoche had plunderit fra him. Now as the marques of Argile is at thir houssis, the Irish # regiment lay still at Innerurie, of whome ye hard befoir. Upone thair bak, cam to Cromar, Bras, Oboyne, Strathauchin, # and countreis about, 800 Argile Hieland men, quhair thay had in allowans ilk # day, to be takin of the countrie, 24 bollis meill, sex scoir wedderis, # and [^BLANK IN THE TEXT^] mairtis, with thrie scoir dolleris of money. Let the wyser sort now judge how this poor land is sore # opprest by incuming of thir armyes against the kingis auchtoritie. Bot I leave # thame taking wp thair rentis and moneyis. And thay leivit upone the marques # of Huntleis landis in Cromar, Glenmuck, and Glentanner, and upone the # laird Drumis landis of Cromar, Strathauchin, and in the landis of Birs, fra # thair cuming thair, quhilk wes upone the [^BLANK IN THE TEXT^] day of May # quhill the thrid day of June, as ye sall sie heirefter. Ye hard of the marques of Huntleis going to Auchindoun. # Howsone he cam, he set to libertie Patrik Leslie provest, Mr. Robert # Farquhar, Alexander and Johne Joffrayis, and Patrik Lichtoun in Montros, upone # Twysday the 7 of May, with gryter credit nor thay war takin. And thay, blyth # of this good luck, cam all ryding to Abirdene throw the Old toun # couragiouslie, and lichtit in the toune with gryte joy, upone Thuirsday the 9 of May, # about 8 houris at evin. Upone Setterday 11 May, the lord Gordoun cam in to old # Abirdene with his owne domestikis, and lodgit at George Middiltoun's hous; # and, upone the morne efter efternoone's sermon, he rode out of the toune # agane.

Upone Tuysday 15 Aprile, Hurry intendis to marche from both # Aberdenis, drawis out the lord Loudoun his regiment first out of the toun, # he being chanceler of Scotland. The trouperis merchis fra the Old toun. # As thay ar going into the toun, the Lauthean regiment raisit ane mutiny # aganes thair commanderis, and went to armes, keipit the toune, cloisit the # portis, and wold not suffer none of Loudoun's regiment lying outwith the portis, # nar mair capitane nor commander to tak ordour with thame, nor suffer # trouper, or Loudoun's regiment to enter within the toun. The caus of this mutiny wes for want of clothing and pay # promesit to be givin to them at Abirdene, quhilk the uther regiment and # trouperis had treulie gottin, as wes trew, and thay onlie wanting, quhilk # careit sum ressone with it. Nor forder thay wold not march whill thay war # compleitlie payit of all thair dewis. Major Hurry nor none of the commanderis # micht not mend thame selffis, bot tak patiens perforce; and takis this # cours for the lord Loudoun's regiment that cold not get entrie within the toune, # [\that they\] sould cum bak with the trouperis to Old Abirdene that nicht, # upone thair awin charges, and to get nothing bot hous roume, fyre, candle, and # bedis quhair thay culd be had. This poor toun wes pitifullie distressit, in # provyding thair lodginges; bot mekill mair, to furneish them meit, scars getable for # money. The trouperis socht meit throw the countrie for thair horssis thame # selffis. Thus lay thay in both Abirdenis whill Hurry sent to the Estaites for # moneyis and clothing. Lykeas upone Thuirsday 17 Aprile ane bark cam about # with thir commodeteis, quhairin Hurryis wyf cam also. He directit hir bak # agane be land, and causit schortlie cleith his soldiouris and pay thair # dewis. And therefter thay had stayit fra Frydday the 11 Aprile upone thair # expenssis, whiche wes ressonablie weill payit, upone Setterday the 19 of Aprile # thay marchit altogidder in ane body from Abirdenis touardis Kintoir and # Innerurie; from

that to Old Rayne careing in thair company tua feild peices, # (thay plunderit the landis of Newtoun and Harthill, for the lairdis wes in # Montrois' service); from that to Strathbogie and the Eng+gie, as ye sall heir. Upone the foirsaid 15 of Aprile and thrid Tuysday thairof, # oure Provinciall Assemblie sat doun in New Abirdene, and to thair doun sitting # thay heir of the mutiny amonges the soldiouris foirsaidis. The erll # Marschall cam from Dunnotter to this assemblie, stayit not, bot rode bak upon the # morne being Wedinsday. Mr. Williame Strathauchin, minister at Old Abirdene, # is chosin moderatour, for the effaires concerning the Provinciall # Assemblie, to the nixt Assemblie, and Mr. Androw Cant is moderatour for the presbitrie # of Abirdene. Maister David Lyndsay, persone of Balhelvie, is disjoynit from # this presbitrie to the presbitrie of Ellon. Mervallous to sie thir # alterationis! Upone Sonday 13 Aprile, befoir sermon, the viscount of # Frendraucht, the lord Fraser, the maister of Forbes, the lairdis Boyne, Echt, # Ludquharne, and divers utheris who cam in with Hurry to Abirdene, rode from the # toun; sum thocht to meit him at Strathbogie. Word cam heir, that upone the 11 of Aprile, be command of # the Estaites, the lord Gordon's armes, the laird Delgatie's, and goodman of # Cokstoun's armes also, wes revin at the cros of Edinbrughe, thame selffis # declairit traitouris to thair countrie, and thair landis foirfaltit, for following the # king. Strange to sie! Ye sie how the place of Lethintie wes perseuit, yit gat no # entres. Thairefter about this samen tyme, Sir Williame Forbes of Cragiwar with # his assisteris cam, took in the hous, pat the lady to the yett, (hir husband # being absent,) plunderit the ground, and sent the cornis to his awin landis of # Fintray to saw, becaus thair wes none left unplunderit or brynt, as ye # have befoir. Upone Sonday the 20 of Aprile, oure minister red out ane # paper, as wes done at uther churches, warning the schire of Abirdene for # Hurreis service to furneish out 600 dragouneris, man and hors, and to have # thair randevous at Abirdene the 29 of Aprile. The tyme wes schort, yit chargit # wnder gryte panes; bot none keipit or gave obediens, for the country lay # groaning wnder thir havie burdinges. Ye sie Montrois is at Kyrremure. It is said he directis # M=c=Donald north into Bras, Cromar, and Glentanner; and him self past south # touardes Dunkeld. And in effect, we had no certainty quhair he went, he wes so # obscure. And, as is said, Baillie wes at Sanct Johnstoun lying with his # forces. [^BLANK IN THE TEXT^] Forbes of Skellater, a strong # gentleman, agreit with the lord Gordoun for taking of sum scheip and nolt from his friendis, as ye # have; and at

his command past in to M=c=Donald with 200 soldiouris, and # thay merche to Couper in Angous pertening to the lord of Couper the lord # Balmyrrinochis brother, quhilk he fyrit, and slew Mr. Patrik Lyndsay minister # at Couper and sum utheris; syne routit the lord Balcarras' trouperis lying # nar by, killit sum, and took thair hors and armes; syne took the hillis. Upone Wedinsday the 23 of Aprile, the erll Marshall with # the lairdis of Tolquhon, Wattertoun, Kermuk and divers utheris held ane # Committee at Abirdene, syne returnit that same nicht bak to Dunnotter agane. Wedinsday 23 Aprile, thair is takin within Forthe sevin # Scottis merchand schippis, weill ladnit with goodis, and ane of the kingis # schippis, now callit ane parliament schip, be sum frigotis, whidder Inglish, Irish, # [\or\] Dunkirkeris it is unknowne. James Nicolson in Futtie, quhyt fisher, wes # tane at his lynes be one of thir frigotis, that did him litle skaith nor to his # boit. Thay had him with them, bot sufferit the boit to go home. Thay landit # him at the Bounes, and he, be land, returnit to his owne hous. He could # tell nothing bot that this frigot wes ane man of warr; whome to scho # belongit he could not say. Thairefter out of Forthe wes takin four uther merchand # schipis ritchlie ladnit, quhairof capitane Seytoun's schip new gane to # say wes one. Thus is Scotland wrackit both by sea and land. Upone Frydday 25 Aprile, Sir Williame Forbes of Cragiwar at # his owne hand takis in the place of Kemnay from the widow ladie thairof, # plantis sum soldiouris thairin, being stankit about and of good defens. He # plunderit cornis and victuallis for thair mantenans from the laird of Kincragie, # syne took his best sadill hors; and plunderit the countrie about, for the # same caus, sic as Newtoun and Harthill. He plunderit fra thame above aucht scoir # oxin and callit thame to Fyf, and sauld them. He took also George # Gordoun of Rynnie. Ye hard of Montrois being at Dunkeld. He returnis north; and # beyond Die thair cums till him the lord Gordoun out of Auchindoun, # M=c=Donald and his company. Siclike thair cam to him the lord of Oboyne, # the maister of Neper, the laird Delgatie, the laird of Keir younger, who, # with the erll of Niddisdaill and lord Heres, had brokin out of Carleill with # about 28 hors throw David Lesleis army desperatlie, yit happellie saif and # sound. Thus Oboyne, Neper, Delgatie, and Keir cam in to Montris beyond Die, # who wes all joyfull of utheris. Thay began to marche, crossis the river # of Die at the milne of Crathie, and haistis the lord Aboyne to Abirdene for # pulder, and thay to byd his returne at Skeyne. He cumis doun Die syd upone # Thuirsday the first of May with about 80 hors, cam to Abirdene, settis # watches, gois to

tuo schippes lying in the harberie, plunderis about 20 # barrellis or kinkenis of pulder, stayit no longer, bot schortlie past to the camp lying # at Skeyne the same nicht, who wes veray glaid of the pulder, being veray # scant thairof. He did no moir skaith. Yit Mr. Andro Cant, Mr. John Rew and sum # covenanteris fled lyke foxis. Thir barkis bot new cum home from Flanderis. # Mr. Williame Chalmer minister at Skeyne and Mr. Williame # Davidsone's hous war plunderit, and tuo men wes killit by the Irishis; bot no wrong # wes done to the ladie Marshallis lifrent landis. Ye hard of Hurryis marche to Strathbogie and the Eng+gie. He # raysit no fyre, nor did any wrong to the staitlie pallaces of Strathbogie # and the Bog; bot marchit by them to the Eng+gie and incampit about Over and # Nether Bukies, quhair the erll of Findlater, and lord Crichtoun, the # laird of Boyne and sum utheris cam to his assistans. The lord Gordoun, at # Hurreyis cuming, went to Auchindoun, quhair he stayit whill he went to Montrois, # as ye have hard, becaus he had no ordour to give battell to Hurry, who all # this tyme is plundering the plesand countrie of the Eng+gie. He maid wp 400 # dragouneris of the countrie hors, and maid meit of the cornis, victuallis, # nolt, scheip, and ky; and, as wes said, he sent to Frendrachtis tennentis # cornis, cattell, and uther goodis, to help thair loisis. He wes estimat to 1000 # foot, 200 trouperis, and 400 dragouneris by and attour sic countrie help # as cam in to him. He campit heir fra about the 20 of Aprile, that he cam to # the Eng+gie, to Frydday the secund of May; and, hearing of Montrois' cuming, # upone Setterday the 3 of May, he marchis over Spey, thair to joyne # with the Morray forces. Montrois, lying at Skeyne, upone Frydday the 2 of May # be brak of day he merchis in ane full bodie to Strathbogie, upone the # morne to the Bog, and upone Mononday 5 May past haistellie efter Hurry over Spey. # He wes estimat about 4000 men, hors and all; quhair I must ceas. Upone Sonday 27 Aprile, oure minister Mr. Williame # Strathauchin, as uther ministers did, maid ane speiche conform to the imprintit # paperis anent the uptaking of the Excise sent from the Committee of Estaitis; the # particularis quhairof ye have first be Committee, thairefter ratefeit be # Parliament, daitit the 29 of July 1644, and last of Januar 1645. This Excise # ordaint to begin the 10 of Februar, and to indure bot for ane yeir. Thairefter # this day is alterit and beginis the first of August 1644, and till continew # untill the first of August 1645. Many devises wes maid for uptaking of this grevouse Excise, # fore against the peoples will, crying out with many maledictioun aganes the # samen, as done

to the wrack of bothe brughe and land; and all for this, to mak # wp moneyis to furneish the armyis going into England out of this kingdome # for reformatioun and defence of religioun: bot rather moir truelie, to furneish # men to fight aganes his sacred Majestie, seing he had most gratiouslie # condiscendit to oure haill hairtis desyre bothe in churche and policie, quhilk # his Majestie never brak in ane jot; yet we wold not rest, bot rais armes to # the wrack of our countrie upone no trew ressone, as is said befoir. Now, # whill as the people luikit for ane tyrannicall uptaking of this Excise efter # thir pulpit intimationis, it wes crost by the incuming of Oboyne to Abirdene, as ye hard # befoir. Ye heir how Cragiwar took in Kemnay. He alledgit he had # warrand fra the Estaitis to tak, in the tyme of thir troubles, the # strongest housiis, and to fortifie the samen, and the soldiouris to leive upone the # rentis of the landis, or upone the countrie quhair thair wes no rentis able to sustein # thame. Richt so he took in the place of Petcaple, and fortifeit the samen; # bot Kemnay he quytit at the feild of Aufurde, and [^BLANK IN THE TEXT^] # Abircrummy younger of Birginbog manit the samen. Upone Tuysday 29 Aprile, thair wes sex severall # Proclamationis maid at the cros of Abirdene, 1. Anent the payment of this Excise; # Another, Anent the selling of the haill forfalted personis landis within the # north; bot thair could be found no byeris. Thair wes four uther worthles # Proclamationis, whiche of purpois I have left onwritten. Upone Sonday the 3 of May, Baillie gois into Atholl, burnis # and distroyis this plesant countrie. This is not the first fyre which the # Covenanteris raisit in Scotland, as I beleive. And as the king had givin justlie # commissioun to Montrois to rais fyre and suord agains his rebellis, richt so # the countrie Estaitis gave ordour to rais fyre and suord upone the kingis loyall # subjectis, as wes done be the marques (then erll) of Argyll. For first he raisit # fyre, at his owne hand, upone the erll of Airleis landis, as ye have; syne brynt # the landis of Keppach pertening to M=c=Donald; and siclike brynt the lauche # bigging about the place of Kellie, as ye have; syne demolischit the fair # passages of the hous, with sindrie utheris, without warrand or auchtoritie of oure # soveraigne the king. The raising of this fyre wes thocht gude service by # preicheris and covenanteris, done for reformatioun of religioun and defens # thairof, as most unjustlie thay alledgid since his Majestie had grantit to all # our desyres both in kirk and pollicie, as is weill seen in the [^BLANK IN THE # TEXT^] act of parliament. Bot the king seing thair intentionis wes rather against royaltie nor # for religioun, and withall seing the kingdome borne doun with blood, murther, # fyre and

suord, plundering, robberie and oppressioun, stentis, # taxationis, men and moneyis, done of set purpois against him self and his good # subjectis, he, for repressing of thir abuses, grantis ane commissioun to the # marques of Montrois to rys with fyre and suord aganis his rebellious subjectis, and # to defend his trew and loyall servandis. Bot the preicheris and covenanteris # raillit and cryit out against his Majesteis laufull commissioun. Strange to # sie! Baillie haveing brynt wp and destroyit this fair and fertile # countrie of Atholl for the loyaltie of the inhabitantis to thair dreid # soveraigne, he went to the castle of Blair ane impregnabill strenth, quhairin mony # of the prisoneris takin at Innerlochie and haill welth of Montrois' army was # keipit; bot he could not get in this hous. And, efter the burning of the # countrie, he plunderit hors, nolt, scheip, and haill goodis thairof, for # intertennying of his army; syne merchis fra Atholl in throw the heidis to Kirremure # to Fettercarn, and upone Setterday 10 of May he cums and campis in the Birs, # still plundering the countrie quhair ever he gois, eiting the grein # growing cornis, scars cum to the blaid, with thair horsis. He wes estimat above # 2000 foot and sexscoir trouperis. Upone Sonday the 11 of May he marchis # to Cromar, and campis betuixt the kirkis of Coull and Tarlan. He brynt the # hous of Terpersie pertening to [^BLANK IN THE TEXT^] Gordoun; and still # lay plundering and distroying of the countrie, abyding the cuming of the lord of Balcarras # with his hors regiment, and that the gentrie of the land sould rys and assist # him; quhair I will leave him for a whill. Ye hard befoir, how Hurry went upone the 3 of May over Spey. # Montrois follouit him over upone the fyft of the said moneth, betuixt # whome wes ane skirmish, quhair James Gordoun sone to George Gordoun of Rynnie # wes sore hurt. He is convoyit to the Strudderis, ane freind of his awin, # to ly whill he sould be cureit, and had ane gentilman callit Gordoun to # attend him. Bot major Sutherland adverteisis the young laird Innes that he wes # lying at this hous, who rashlie and unadvysedly sent out ane pairty, viz. # capitane Smyth, Alexander Douglas, Mr. Johne Douglas, and Johne Mill younger, # all Elgyn men, with sum utheris, and cruellie thay murder this young # gentilman lying sore woundit, and left his keipar also for death. This wes thocht # ane odious deid, barbarous and inhuman, (this youth not passing 18 yeirs of # aige,) whiche wes weill revengit be Montrois at Olderne and bigging of Elgyne, as # efter do appeir. Hurry wan nothing upone this skirmish; bot marchit wast, # removit the laird of Laeris regiment and Buchannanis regiment out of # Innernes, except so mony as sould keipit the toune. Thair cam also of country # people in to

him, the erll of Sudderland in persone with his pouer, the erll # of Seafort in persone with his pouer, the erll of Findlater him self wes # thair, the lord Lovatis pouer, bot not him self. The young laird Innes, the Rossis, # Monrois, Dunbarris, the lairdis of Boyne and Birkenbog, and many utheris # cam in to Hurry, who wes estimat about 4000 foot and 500 hors, all expert # soldiouris and resolute gentilmen, with brave commanderis, officiaris, and # capitanis. Bot Seafort wes thocht to be ane perfidious traittour, who, # after he wes deiply suorne be Montrois to the kingis service, and upone his # paroll had gottin libertie to go home, quhairas Montrois micht have keipit him # still in his company, yit, forgetting his oath maid befoir God, his deutie # to his prince, and this noble man his Majesteis generall, he lap in to the # uther syd, as ye heir sie, quhair he cam in and gave his aith. Aluayis Hurry is bussellie be wast Olderne drawing to ane # heid. And Montrois merchis foruard to Olderne about 3000 foot and hors, # quhair he encampis commodiouslie. And upone Frydday the nynt of May Hurry # cums merching foruard touardis Olderne, quhair Montrois wes byding # him in good postur. At last Montrois gives Hurry ane hot charge upon # all quarteris, both with foot and hors; and in schort space the Chancelaris # regiment callit Loudonis regiment, the Lauthean regiment, Laeris # regiment, and Buchananis regiment (all expert and singular weill traynit soldiouris, as # wes in this kingdome) are for the most pairt cut af, fighting to the # death most valiauntlie. This overthrow wes attribut to ane crouner or major Drummond, who wheillit about unskilfullie throw his owne foot and brak # thair rankis, quhairby thay war all slayne be the enemy; and for the quhilk, # be counsall of warr holdin thairefter at Innernes, he wes schot, standing # on his feit, bot not at ane post. Thair wes reknit to be slayne heir at this # bloodie battell above 2000 men to Hurry, and about sum 24 gentilmen hurt to # Montrois, and sum few Irishis killit, which is miraculous, and onlie # foughten with Godis awin finger, as wold appeir, so mony to be murderit and cut # doune upone the ane syde and so few on the uther; yit no thankis givin to God # for this victorie. It is to be considderit, that Montrois, his capitanis, and # soldiouris wan this victorie with gryt gloir of armis; and the lord Gordoun, # the viscount of Oboyne, thair name and folloueris, fought so valiauntlie, that # he deservit eternall prais. Mony of Hurryis commanderis with the rest wes # killit and takin prissoneris; of whome the laird of Laeris, Sir John # Morray, Sir Gedion Morray wes killit; ten or tuelf prissoneris taken, of whome # Laeris brother callit [^BLANK IN THE TEXT^] Campbell is ane; 16 cullouris # takin, with thair haill baggage

and ammunitioun, and much money and ritches found. The horsemen # indeid fled first, and left thair foot fighting couragiouslie to the # death. Thay postit to Innernes who wes weill horssit; utheris wes killit in thair # fleing. Hurry, Seafort, Sudderland, Findlater, the lairds of Boyne, Innes, # Birkinbog, and the rest wan saiflie away. Efter this gryte victorie Montrois directis to burn the # laird of Caddell (Campbellis) landis and housis in Narne, and plunderit his # haill goodis. The erll of Morray being in England his ground wes plunderit. # Kinstery and Lethenis landis plunderit, and divers utheris landis in the # countrie. And upon Sonday at evin the 11 of May he cums to Elgyne to his supper. # He sends out parteis and burnis the toun of Garmoche pertening to the laird # of Innes, and plunders the freiris of Elgin, bot being churche building wold # not burne the samen, becaus his sone gave ordour to kill James Gordoun of # Rynnie. Walter Smithis hous, John Millis hous, Mr. Johne Douglas hous of # Morrestoun, Alexander Douglas hous, all in Elgyne, war brunt, becaus thair wes sum of # thame selffis and sum of thair sones at the killing of the said James # Gordoun. And siclike the bigging of Spynnie pertening to the said Alexander # Douglas in heritage wes brynt. And sindrie uther tounes housis of Elgyne, # throw occasioun of this fyre, took fyre and wes brynt, sic as Robert Gibsonis # hous, George Donaldsonis and George Sutherlandis housis. The housis pertening to Mr. # Johne Hay provest, and Mr. Gawin Douglas escaipit fyre be # compositioun. The Bischopis Milne and Milntoun pertening to major Sutherlandis # wyf in lifrent wes brunt, for being airt and pairt of the said James Gordoun's # death. The laird of Pluscardynes hous in Elgin plunderit. This done, upon # Mononday the 12 of May, Montrois directis the baggage, armes, # ammunitioun, an all the goodis over Spey to the Bog; and, upone Wedinsday # thairefter, him self marchis to the said place: bot stayit not thair, bot gois to # Birkinbog, a mane covenanter, quhair he and sum speciallis ar quarterit. The rest # of his army he directis throw the countrie upon quarteris. He sendis ane # pairtie and burnes wp the toun of Cullen, quhilk wes plunderit abefoir. And # sic landis of Frendracht as wes left onbrunt befoir are now brunt wp. # Thair wes sum soldiouris quarterit also in Banf. Aluaies [^BLANK IN THE TEXT^] Leith of Harthill cam fra the # camp to the Gareoche with sum soldiouris; and, heiring that Cragiwar had maisterfullie # takin George Gordoun of Rynnie [\at his\] owne hand, he takis Johne and Mr. # Alexander Farquhars, cusinges [^EDITOR'S EMENDATION Farqu[{hars, cu{] singes^] to Cragiwar, and keipis them fast in Harthill whill the said George Gordoun wes set to libertie. Harthill burnes the toun # and landis of

Thombeg occupeit be Williame Forbes, bot pertening in heritage # to the laird of Monymusk, becaus the said Williame Forbes had plunderit from # his servand sum moneyis with his baggage hors; thairefter mans and # fortefeis his awin hous of Harthill for his awin defens. Ye have, that generall livetennand Baillie wes lying in # Cromar. The lord of Balcarras with his hors regiment cam thair with tua # regimentis of reid cottis. Bot for all the thundering out of pulpites to caus the # countrie rys with Baillie, thay lay still and wold not follow him. In the meintyme Baillie getis sure advertisement of Hurryis # gryte overthrow at Olderne; and thairfoir, upone Mononday the 19 of May, he # liftis his camp out of Cromar, and with all haist merchis to the wod # of Coklaroquhy, within tuo myllis to Strathbogie. As he is lying thair, Sir # Johne Hurry cums fra Innernes, crossis Spey, gois throw the marques of # Montrois watches, saying, he wes the lord Gordoun's man and fairlie wan away by # them to Frendracht, and thairfra past to Coklaroqhy, quhair Baillie wes # lying. Montrois, lying at Birkinbog, getis haistie advertesment # that Baillie wes cum upone Wedinsday the 21 of May within tuo myllis of # Strathbogie. He thairfoir schortlie drawis wp his army, and that samen nicht # cam to Strathbogie, and in the enemyis sicht began to cast ditches and mak # fortificationis about the yairdis of the Place and Rawis; whiche maid the enemy # to think Montrois wes not to depairt schortlie out of that boundis. # Quhairin thay war michtellie deceavit; for how sone the nicht fell mark, # Montrois directit sum horsmen to be still in sicht of the enemy when day licht # cam, and how sone thay spyit his army gone, then with all speid to follow # efter him. Montrois, haveing givin this ordour, upone the samen Wedinsday at nicht # he marchis quyetlie wp the south syd of the river of Spey; and his # horsmen, when thay saw day licht, follouit thame scharplie without skaith, # and so thay merchit cloislie altogidder away. Baillie lying in the wod of # Coklaroquhy and Hurry with him seing Montrois cast ditches and fortificationis never # luikit of so suddant a marche. Generall Livetennant Baillie resolves to # follow him, and uppone Thuirsday 22 May liftis from Coklaroquhy, and the lord # Crichtoun being in the reir brynt wp the Rawis of Strathbogie; whair [I # will cease for a whyle. Creightoun burnt Tullish also. Upone Wedensday 14 May about 10 hours at evin, ther was sein # in New Abirdein a fearfull fyre and lightning comeing in cloudes of # fyre as it were athuart the peoples faces to their great fear. It would be sein # in ane streitt whiche they thought had sett the housis on fyre, which made the # people to run

to it; then it would appear in ane other streitt, which made # the people to run to it, crying and trembleing. The night wes clear but weitt or # thunder, and it continowed for the space of ane hour; syne at God's pleasure # it evanished to the great joy of the people. Ther wes somewhat sein in the Old # town, but not efter such fearful maner. The like of this fyre and lightening # was never sein here, suppose it is uswall in hotter countreis. Some judged the # same to proceid from naturall] [^EDITOR'S BRACKETS^] causis; utheris feirit it # to [\be ane prodigeous token\] for Abirdene. About this tyme, thair chanceit ane Dundie boit to land at # Buky. Scho is rypit and letteris found direct fra the Estaitis to the erllis # of Seafort, Sutherland, the lairdis of Balnagoun and utheris, desyring them to stand to # the good cause, assuring them of help; as indeid Baillie cam. Upon Sonday the 18 of May, Mr. Androw Cant and Mr. John Rew # (new cum fra thair flicht to Abirdene) warnit out of thair pulpites, # as it wes done heir and [elsewher, all noble men, barrones, gentlemen, # frieholders and heretors, to be on horse and foot in thair best armes; and upon Tuesday # nixt to goe meitt Livetennant Major Baillie quhairever he was, without # designation of any other place, wnder the paine to be punished as dissaffected # to the good cause. The people wondered at this foolish charge, being upon so short # advertisement and not knowing wher to seik Baillie; quhich made them give no # obedience. And Patrick Lesslie, that samen night about ten hours at evin, # rode throw the Old toun, about 20 horse, to his sone's mariage with # Phillorthe's daughter, which he preferred to that charge, albeit he wes ane arch # covenanter. About this time, ane servant called [^BLANK IN THE TEXT^] # Small, whom Montrose had sent to the king with letters, wes taken;] [^EDITOR'S # BRACKETS^] his letters with him self had to Edinbrughe. Efter reiding quhairof he is takin and hangit be command of the Estaites upone the calsey of Edinbrughe. Severe justice aganes # ane berar. For the quhilk Williame Nicoll post wes hangit moir justlie. The sessioun be sound of trumpet at the cros of Edinbrughe # ordanit to sit doun there the 3 of June; bot yit no sessioun in respect of # thir troubles. The pest brokin wp vehementlie both in Edinbrughe and Leith. # Divers houssis cloissit wp, many fleing the toune; and thair Committee # [courtis of kirk and Parliament to be removed out of Edinbrughe to Stirling, # Linlithgow, or Glasgow. It sat doun in Stirling and came to Saint Johnstoun. Ye heard befor, how Harthill had brynt Thombeg, and taken # the Farquhars, whom he took to releive Georg Gordon of Reynnie that Craigiewar had takin before; wherupon he and the Farquhars were sett to # libertie.

Harthill forsees and mans his house, a strong hold. The # Forbesses and Frasers gathers against him, but did no hurt. Upon the 23 of May, the Forbesses and Frasers was said to be # routed be some highlanders at the head of Stradone. Thay were goeing a saiffe # way to aid Baillie; but thir highlanders comeing Montrose, [\he\] defeat # them, took some prissoners, and some blood, as was reported. [^ANONYMOUS. THE PRINCE OF TARTARIA, HIS VOYAGE TO COWPER IN FIFE, 1661. RELIQUIAE SCOTICAE, SCOTISH REMAINS, IN PROSE AND VERSE, V. EDINBURGH 1828. PP. 1-10 (THE WHOLE TEXT).^]

[}THE PRINCE OF TARTARIA, HIS VOYAGE TO COWPER IN FIFE 1661.}] [}HE THAT WILL TO COWPER, WILL TO COWPER.}] It was about that time in the morning, when the mortals of this side of the AEquinoctial Line, are accustomed to satisfie their (^Gusto^) in refreshing nature, by frequent # oscitation and pandiculation to their members; surfeit will toil and disgorging from their nauseating ventricle, by eructation, the cruditys engendered there through their painfull and laborious carousing; and what is wanting that way their roaring (^Borborygius^) declareth by another in a very sensible way of breathing. (Viz. When Carles and Queens, Gants, # Rifts, and Farts, before they come out of their beds.) [^TEXT # IN BRACKETS IN MARGIN^] This was the time, I say, when the magnificent and much expected Prince of (^Tartary^) , (^Tomambeio Dionigi Cuculato Pazzeio^) , with his numerous Fleet of 3000 (^Gondolo's^) was discovered, as they wantonly coasted along the south shoar of the (^Forth^) with the benefit of St (^Abb's^) blessing; this jocund and secure # joviality was on a sudden changed through the indescreit steerage of their Vice-Admiral, who spent his bolt-spreet on a (^Soling-goose^) -nest in that famous Island, or rather rock of the (^Basse^) ; this did so alarm that plumed Garrison, that it was wonderfull to see with what fiercenesse and resolution the Keckling Militia assaulted the (^Tartarian^) Fleet, and in

a very inconsiderable space they boorded and were conquerors of the whole, except of that in which the Prince himself was with myself, who by flight (surpassing that of the (^Geese^) ) gained the Haven of (^Cockany^) . These insolent birds, who by this time certainly are vapouring in their Gowns, spacious turbants and tyaras to fortifie themselves against the like mumchance, staved the whole vessels, therewith, to erect their domicils with couplins and rafters. The Prince with his small retinue left him found a more hospitable reception by the Consuls and Tribuns of the mentioned City, who came to understand his designe and resolution for celebration of these solemnities at # (^Cowper^) Race, this they understood partly through the advertisement given them by (^Caledonius^) , partly through the # interpretation of a Levite amongst them, to whom all Languages were indifferent, except that of his mothers. Every one laboured to cheer up this disconsolate and dejected Prince, and according to their own fashion treated him with all sorts and sizes of (^Mussellos^) , (^Cockellos^) , (^Spouteios^) , # (^Limpettos^) , (^Lingoustos^) , (^Clamos^) , (^Buccas^) , and all of them decently with their own naturall condiments; others would have presented him with (^Scarts^) , (^Scouts^) , and (^Kitty-waks^) , at the # sight of which, his kind heart qualmed, modesty refusing them, alleadging they were descended of these bloody Islanders who had destroyed his fleet. His Highnesse pressed much his departure, and they on the other side urged extreamly his abode amongst them till (^September^) , that he might see # himself fully revenged on his enemies, by the prowess and activity of (^Grall^) , (^Thom Cosh^) and others his Mirmidons, famous among the Poultriers of (^Edina^) ; It is at that season the war constantly commences twixt these two parties, and seldom the General misseth to banish whom he hath not seised on, (and these are whole congregations) to the (^Indies^) , notwithstanding of their revengeful # allurements; his circumcized Highnesse was more ambitious to prosecute his progresse then have seen any these unctious

animals massacred. The next day, which was that he used to worship on, he desired to know of the Oracles of the countrey to avoid scandal,and accordingly with a (^Mahumetan^) Gravity had the patience to lend his Lugs to the outrunning of two glasses, with their respective Appendixes. By this time he had learned that the day following was called (^Monday^) , on which day he might travell securely, but could not be suffered to go, till he had Breakfast with Car-cakes and Patty low's, and received the courtesie of being create Burgesse and Gild-brother, all which being orderly done, he was provided with a convenient convoy and Trench-men to compleat his Fifean pilgrimage, the # (^Eschevins^) conducting him to the City gates, where their Recorder in a grave phlegmatick speech bid him heartly farewell. Our first halt was at the three Tuns in (^Letha^) , where having spent a small time in fortifying our Tabernacles against the marine exhalations which useth to trouble squeamish stomachs, we imbarqued in that antient and new bottom, formerly known by its owner Captain (^Watson^) , but now under the command of Admiral (^John Gray^) ; this is the vessell that rescued (^Don Juon^) of (^Austria^) at the # battle of (^Lepanto^) , when twelve bloody (^Bashaws^) with their # Gallies had grapled with him, and yet their Artillery was no other but six old Pumps, and two on-fixt Muskets: the inevitable necessity in observing the tydes dyet, obstructed the entertainment appointed for us by the (^Litheians^) . We had a pleasant topsail-drow from the South-East, which in lesse than half an Glasse running made us bring the stones to the score, so that we left speedily (^Inch-keith^) upon our weather quarter; this Islet (as we learned from our # copassengers,) is famous for fatning of Bestial, and most convenient for Clandestine coyn, the clink of the hammer hardly to be heard on either shore; but this being a # divertisement for such (^ (\virtuosi\) ^) as spend their estates to learn to live on their wits, its consideration we leave with them if their be any itch in their neck, and thus they may try it.

In another half glasse our waftage termined at # (^Burnt-Island^) , this same Town is as (^Joppa^) to (^Jerusalem^) , the constant place of arrival of such as are desirous either to be cured by the wholsome waters of the (^Spaw^) , nigh (^Kinghorn^) , or who are curious to hear the ambiguous responces of the (^Athenian^) Hocus; our treatment here was conform to the season and Countrey Modd, Bisks and Olios of the choicest pullaile; (^John Gibb^) , the Stallmaster of the place, # (elsewhere known by the name of Post-master,) addressed himself to the Prince, with such civilities as are not ordinary to Hackney superintendants, and furnished us Horses, appearing at view like (^Greenland^) Bucks in (^December^) , yet indeed swift as the Buffolos in (^Lombardie^) , who are said to be begot by a (^Siroco^) . We held on our course towards # (^Kinghorn^) , resolving to view the (^Spaw^) , so renowned for its prolifick qualities, and so traversed two miles of sands, as fertile with the wanton shel-fish as formerly (^Egypt^) was of Locusts: The Fountain discovered itself under most pleasant and beautiful Rocks, where Nature displayed herself in her richest furniture of her pearled shels in several grotes, some of which even in our sight dropping off the most precious and well formed pearls as ever the place produced, which moved his (^Tartarian^) Highnesse to confesse that what for its (^Cascatos^) , and what for (^Grotesco's^) , # it exceeded far any he had ever seen in (^Europe^) . In the Fountain itself, (^Neptune^) hath been often seen, (as the Countrey people confidently affirmeth) to have been boyling Lobstars and Crabs at (^Christmas-Eve^) , and with no other fire then the heat of the Sun, though situate in the 56 degree of # Latitude. The Fountain springs from the Earth in a straight line, and according to the Mathematical Philosophers of the Countrey, it reacheth the (^Antipodes^) , and why? say # they, because it ebbs and flowes like the Sea; that when the Tyde runs from this Hemisphere to them, then by a violent motion it is returned in a full tyde to us. They say more, that the mouth of the Conduit from whence the

water gusheth, hath its (^ (\incrementa\) ^) and # (^ (\decrementa\) ^) like to the Moon, only differing in the variation of its figures, as Circle, Oval, Lozenge, Obtuse, Sharpe, Triangle, Regular, Pentagon, Hexagon and Octagon, & c. They said more, that there were a (^ (\Jure Divino\) ^) amongst # them, and he no small doubt-spear, who concluded that it was one of the (^ (\quatuor Coluri\) ^) , but to tell truth this # companion acquired not his benefice for his judgement in the # Mathematics. In end, when we for two hours contemplated this pleasant Fountain with its promontory, we came to # (^Kinghorn^) , a place for its situation not unlike that of (^Lisbon^) , as to the valleys and hills circumjacent, but indeed the # (^Indian^) Adventurers Buildings there, some short of the Palaces of the Bait-gatherers here. After we had solaced ourselves in the survey of their Universities, and other their Nurceries of Fish-learning, we set on to (^Kirkcaldy^) , a Town eminent for Navigation, and on that consideration our (^Parthian Heros^) would that the travelling Inhabitants of the City should at the first view understand by his habite and garb (for hitherto he had been cloathed in the Countrey fashion,) what his Territories and Dignities were, and instantly the Master of the Wardrope being advertised, produced the Robes, Vestments, of the great (^Arsacides^) , for triming up our adventurer: Under his twilted Gown of a tawny colour he had a Shirt of War, or Coat of Male, composed of several complexioned Stones, in Mosaical work, representing by Figures in a Historical way all the Heroical Atchievements and amorous adventures of his Progenitors, by his side the Cimitar of the great (^Tamberlin^) , which for its sharpnesse, in a merciful account in the shock of battell can raze and circumcise Beards without anoying the flesh by Phlebotomy; he had the Bow of the great (^Nimrod^) , which with bolts was accustomed to kill Dotrels, Begfigs and Wood-cocks for the entertainment of his sporting Ladies; his head was covered with a black Velvet Cap, doubled with a parcell of the Furr of the same Gowns that belonged to

to these trepaning Elders, who would have top't fair and chast (^Susanna^) . In this order passing through the Town, we perceived some Lady's in discontent, that they had not been timously acquainted of the (^Cavalcado^) , that according to their # custome in such sort of welcoming strangers, they had not saluted us with their perfumed water of Roses, Jasmin and Oranges; but to make up that mischance, they served themselves of the readiest, and very decently with their syringers, jyrted us with the odoriferous flavour of Sketbroth, which occasioned us to hasten to the Towns end, where there is a rivulet, famous for the resort of some sturdy and boysterous (^Nymphs^) , who uses to recreate # themselves there, and it seems that they had notice of our passing that way; for suddenly at our approach they started the threesome Reel, consisting of sixteen, all cast in couples, each couple being placed in a large Tub or Independent Pulpit, having their garments tuckt up to the height of the (^Ballywhang^) : here was old whisking and skelping, and the better to keep cadence to their Levalto's, the palms of their hands were imployed for Castanietto's, which made more nimble whitherings on their Breeches, then Drum-sticks at the Dian. But our Chaplain fearing such objects, might swell his highnesse concupiscence, hastened us to the # Pathheed, but more renowned by the names of Hirpletilhin or Pickltilhim: it is a received custome of the inhabitants of this place, to geld all those who laughs at the coag, and greets at the &c. Our passage through this Town was no otherwise welcomed, then that of those who are inquisitive of its name, all these belchings our Prince taking for jovial acclamations. Not far from this Town stands on a high Rock the Castle of (^Ravensheugh^) , which before the War was renowned for hospitality and goodfellowship, but now a receptacle for (^Pitcaples^) Angels, here they shew us the vestige of furnace which blew up Culverins, Secars and Drakes out of Cordevant-gloves: nigh to this is the excellent

Spring called (^Vyne-Weell^) , of which all of us drank, one of the company who had formerly been well acquainted with it, affirmed that nothing was comparable to it in curing habitual fevers, occasioned through drouth and heat of the Liver, and that he himself had had frequent experience thereof. Hence we advanced to (^Dysert^) , a place well known for its great Trade of Sea, Coal and Salt, and truth it is that the Mines of the one, and Alembicks of the other are more happy in their productions then most of their Neighbours: here we contemplate the beauty of the Vestals who are devoted to serve there Mother the Earth, by ridding her bowels of the black stone, they are still in meditation of Heaven or Hell, as they ascend and descend. On our way towards the (^Weems^) , we took notice of the fleury verdant Banks, where we found (^Thestylis^) the Goddesse of hucksters, occupied in ramassing of nettles, who told us they were to serve for the Wedding-feast of one of the Alderman's daughters of (^Buck-haven^) , this news made us make hast to the place, and so we passed the (^Weems^) , that we might the sooner participate of the Solemnities of so glorious a consummation: the Brides here in all ages having been crackt for their behaviour, our arrival was one hour ere (^Phaebus^) hot nodled steeds took stable, so we had time eneugh to survey the cunning situation and fortification of the place, equal to any other of the world. It lies under the Brow of a steep Brack, so that it is unaccessable towards the land, without hazard of Necky's: the Sea guards the other side, the passages at either end are shut up with a crosse Cart, which done, the Citizens sleep securely, unlesse you alarm them with Souldiers: Our reception was splendid, the whole senate accompanying us in their Robes, which themselves in modesty tearm Bilfangls, not unlike to the Gowns with Velvet necks; and yet this Senate because they have Couls and Robes of the Gray-hoddin, they plead them to be more Apostolick then these of the Bombacee. The Town Recorder was very

full in a Speach wherein he shew that the (^Arsacides^) , our Prince's Progenitors, had many obligations to their City, that in thankfulnesse, their City might have the education of their young Princes, he minding him that when the # (^Parthians^) were likely to be subdued by the (^Romans^) , that their then Admiral (^Davy Downy^) relieved them with a Fleet of Oyster-dreggers. They again when the (^Termigrants^) of the South coast would have made invasion on their Fish Territories, that then they were alwayes supplied with Lanciers, strongly mounted on Grashoppers from (^Caramania^) : Thus he shew the mutual amity and League twixt that Republique and the (^Parthian^) Empire. Thus done, we were brought to their Colledge, where we saw the works of the great (^Magii^) , who treats of all the several # Baits for catching Fish, from the Whyting to the Whale, from the Wilk to the Lobstar; here we see their Printing-house, wherein there is now at the Presse, a rare piece of Blewapron Divinity in Rhyme, we had not permission to read it all, but certainly it is roguish, as you may judge by the Argument. To the Tune of (^the Old Broom, & c^) . Sing to the praise of Sir (^John^) the Hymne, Of jouk (^John Walker^) for thus it doth begin. Of all Religions great and small, (^ (\Cum fueris Romae\) ^) is best of all. Hence we went to their (^Arsenal^) , plentifully provided with Hooks, Nets, Corks, Leads, Plowters, Creels, and all inventions for ensnaring the Citizens of the Sea. At length we returned to the Bride, whose entertainment was stately, of Dudds, Leydocks, Carlins, Orgement and # Crowdy-moydy; the Musick was ratling of shels of all sorts, Fluts of Lobstar claws, Dulcimers of Partan bodies, and the Lochquhaber Organ, which is a charming cluttering of two Beef ribs and a Hauks bell, with a nimble agitation of the fingers. The Bride and her Virgins, which were of the profession of Duls-gatherers, had many excellent murgeons with their Gallants; but the frequentest of all their Pavy's

was, the Booking on of Smacks on others Gobs, till their lips turned blue and parched. The hymaenial hour being nigh, the Bride begun to grin and claw her elbow, a sign as we took it, to repair to our Lodgings, which accordingly we did, and found our beds at the (^Arsenal^) well, composed of the strongest Harrows, and linninged with the finest Nets. The next morning which we longed much for, having given seeming thanks, we left our (^Foay^) (you may guesse what it was) for Drink-money, a (^Geordy^) , each under his own Pillow. We mounted for (^Cowper^) , where we arrived the night before the great Race, our entertainment there was so substantial, that I dare not mention the reality of it, lest I should seem to romantize the Nobility, Gentry and Burgers, every one striving who should outdo one another in welcoming the Prince. The next day the hour of Solemity being come, the Court fenced in the Noble and Right Honourable the Lord Provest's name, and all ceremonies duely performed, the two Horses which were to carry on the Work,(the one of Sir (^Gilbert Eliot^) , the other of (^James Murray^) , brother to the Barron of # (^Philipshaugh^) ,) were led forth to the Score in Pomp, their rider attended with the friends of their respective Patrons, # attending them in a most decent and comely order: it was observable to see the difference of the Riders, both of them most expert Horsemen; for (^John Hoome^) , (mentioned sometime by (^Caledonius^) ) hath such a close seat, as one would take him to be a part of the Horse; the other (^Jamy Hall^) , so labourious, that if the horse have any spirits, he will not fail to send them to his heels: Being started, they began to flie, and performed their work of six miles in twelve minuts, one amongst the company confidently affirmed, that they made but twenty-six strokes in the whole course, which I believe hardly, it was carried by Mr. (^Murray's^) horse by two horse length: the prize was a sumptuous and large Cup of great value, which with its cover (for it was fashioned like a Bedpan) sufficient to Tozie a Dozen of (^Belgick (\Virtuosi\) ^) .

The Race of the following day for a Cup of half the proportion of the other, bestowed (^gratis^) by the Towns # heritable Provest the Noble Earl of (^Rothes^) , was carried by a Barb of the Baron of Powry, (^Foddringham^) . The third Race for Sadle of five pounds (^sterling^) gained by a horse of Mr. (^Erskine^) , Brother to the Noble constantly Loyal, the Earl of (^Kelly^) ; this horse though of 28 years of age, and had known and experienced horses of the Game against him, yet carried the Prize with a high train. We cannot omit to shew, that during the time of the Usurper, he concealed his abilities as to speed, lest he might have been imployed in service against his (^Majesty^) ; as also since (^May^) 29 last, new teeth hath sprung in place of the old ones, so that now he may well passe for a four year old: This was the last day of this years (^Olympiad^) at # (^Cowper^) in (^Fife^) , which Town shews well who was their Patron by their Hospitality to Strangers, celebrate in the highest measure. All these sportful recreations were carried on by a most pleasant harmony, and a behaviour free of all contests and contradictions, that as I learned the mute # (^Caledonius^) who was appointed there as a Judge, had this remark, that he had heard many cracks and no oaths, save in one inconsiderable (^Remonstator^) Pyper of the Land of (^Whigmeria^) . Our Parthian Prince being higly satisfied with all that passed, dismissed the (^Cockany^) Convoy, gifting every one of them with a (^Topaz^) of the bignesse of a Sowe's egg, and not far from the colour. What entertainment he meets withall, as he goes further North, we shall give an account of, if we receive from the (^Tyfeans^) who undertook his Convoy and Guide. In the last (^Advertisement^) there was a mistake of # (^Haddington^) Race, for it is upon the 21. of (^May^) next. (\FINIS.\) [^LAUDER, JOHN. JOURNALS OF SIR JOHN LAUDER, LORD FOUNTAINHALL, WITH HIS OBSERVATIONS ON PUBLIC AFFAIRS AND OTHER MEMORANDA, 1665- 1676. ED. DONALD CRAWFORD SCOTTISH HISTORY SOCIETY, 36. EDINBURGH 1900. PP. 54.35-80.11.^]

The very beggers in France may teach folk thrift. Ye sall find verie few women beggers (except some that are ether not

working stockings, or very old and weak) who wants their rock in their bosome, spining very busily as they walk in the # streets. The French, notwtstanding all their civility, are horridly and furiously addicted to the cheating of strangers. If they know a man to be a stranger or they cause him not pay the double of what they sell it to others for, theyl rather not # sell it at all, which whither it comes from a malitious humour or a greedy I cannot determine, yet I'm sure they play the fooll in it, for tho they think a stranger wil readily give them all # they demand, or if he mint to go away that he'el come again; yet they are whiles mistaken. Many instances we could give of it in our oune experience, al whilk we sall bury at this tyme, mentioning only one of Patrick Humes, who the vinter he was at Poictiers, chancing to get the cold, went to buy some sugar candy. Demanding what they sold the unce of it for, they # demanded 18 souse, at last came to 15, vould not bat a bottle; wheirupon thinking it over dear he would have none of it, but coming back to Mr. Alex=rs= he sent furth his man, directing # him to that same wery chop, who brought him in that for 3 souse which they would not give him under 15. That story may pass in the company of one that understandes French, of the daughter who was sitting wt her mother at the fire, wt a great sigh cried, (\O que je fouterois\) . The mother spearing # what sayes thou, she replied readily, (\O que je souperois\) . On September 12 arrived heir 2 Englishmen from Orleans, who brought us large commendations from Mr. Ogilvie their, who desiring to sy the toune, I took them first up to the steeple of the place, which being both situat on a eminence and also hy of it selfe gave us a clear survey of the whole toune. We discovered a great heap of wacuities filled up wt gardens and wines, and the city seimed to us like a round hill, the top of it and all the sydes being filled wt houses. And to our wiew it seimed not to have many mo houses then what we had discovered at Orleans, for their we thought we saw heir one and their one dispersed. At Orleans we would think they lay all in a heap (lump) [\WORD IN BRACKETS INTERLINED\] . From # thence, not desiring but that they sould find the Scots as civil and obligding as any, we

was at the paines to take them first to the church of (\Nostre Dame la grande\) , on the wall of which that regardes the place standes the statue of the Empereur Constantine, (\a cheval\) , # wt a sword in his hand. From thence to Ste. Radegondes, wheir we showed them hir (\tombeau\) ; from that to St. Croix, wheir # we showed them the (\empressa\) of Christs foot, of which we spake already; and from that to St. Peters, which we looked all on as a very large church, being 50 paces broad. In the afternoon we went to the Church of St. Hilaire, wheir at a distance we discovered the Scots walk; so called because when the Englishes ware beseiging the toune a Regiment of Scotsmen who ware aiding the French got that syde of the toune to garde and defend, who on some onset behaving themselfes gallantly the Captain got that great plot of ground which goes now under that name gifted him by the toune, who after # mortified to a nunnery neir hand, who at present are in possession of it. The church we fand to smell every way of antiquity. Heir we saw first that miraculous stone (of which we also brought away some relicts) which if not touched has no smell, if rubed hard or stricken wt a key or any other thing, casteth a most pestilentious, intollerable smell, which we # could not indure. We tried the thing and fand it so. The occasion and cause of this they relate wariously. Some sayes that the stone was a sepulchre stone, and under it was buried a wicked man that had led a ill life, whos body the Dewill came on a tyme and carried away; whence the stone ever stinks in that maner since. Others say that when the Church was a bigging, the Dewill appeared to one of the maisons, in the signe (shape) # [\WORD IN BRACKETS INTERLINED\] of a mulet and troubled him; wheirupon the maison complained to St. Hilaire the Bischop, who watched the nixt day wt the maison, and the Dewill appearing in that shape he caused take him and yoke him in a cart to draw stones to the bigging of the church. They gott him to draw patiently that great stone which we saw and which stinks so, but he got away and would draw no more. Nixt we saw St. Hilaires (\berceau\) , wheirin they report # he lay, a great long peice of wood hollowed (for it wil hold a man and

I had the curiosite` to lay in it a while) halfe filled wt # straw that they may lay the softer. To this the blinded papists # attributes the vertue of recovering madmen or those that are besydes themselfes to their right wites, if they lay in it 9 dayes and # 9 nights wt their handes bound, a priest saying a masse for them once every day. And indeed according to the beleife of this place it hath bein oft verified. The fellow that hes a care of thess that are brought hither told us of a Mademoisselle who was extraordinarly distracted and who was fully recovered by this means. Another of a gentleman who had gone mad for love to a gentlewoman whom he could not obtaine, and who being brought their in that tyme recovered his right wits as weill as ever he had them in his dayes. Its commonly called the (\berceau de fols\) ; so that heir in their flitting they # cannot anger or affront one another worse then to cast up that they most be rockt in St. Hilaires cradle, since its none but fools or madmen that are used so. The greatest man in the province of Poictou is the # governour, who in all things representes the king their, save only that he hath not the power to pardon offenders or guilty persones. Tho a man of wast estat, to wit of 300,000 livres a year, yet he keips sick a low saile that he wil not spend the thrid of # his rent a year, only a pitty garde or 7 or 8 persons on foot # going before his coach; and 4 or 5 lacquais behind; yea he sells # vin, which heir is thought no disparadgement to no peir of France, since theirs a certain tym of the year that the King himselfe professes to sell win, and for that effect he causes at the Louwre hing out a bunch of ivy, the symbol of vin to be sold. The King also playes notably weill on the drum, # especially the keetle drumes, thinking it no disparagdement when he was a boy to go thorow Paris whils playing on the drum, whiles sounding the trumpet, that his subjects may sie whow weill hes wersed in all these warlike, brave, martiall excercises. # The invention of the keetle drume we have from the Germans who makes great use of it. The father of this present King also, Lowis the 13, could exactly frame and make a gun, and much more a pistol, with

all the appartenances of it, as also canons wt all other sort # of Artillerie; for he was a great engineer. There are amongs the French nobility some great deall richer then any subject of our Kings; for the greatest subject # of the King of Englands is the Duc of Ormond, or the Earle of Northumberland, nether of which tho hath above 30,000 pounds sterling, which make some 300,000 livres in french money, which is ordinar for a peir in France. The last of which, to wit, my Lord Northumberland, by reason of that great power and influence he hath in the north of England, his oune country, the parliament of England of old hath found it not a miss to discharge him the ever going their, and that for the avoiding and eviting of insurrectiones which, if he ware amongs them, he could at his pleasure raise. Surely this restraint neids not be tedious to him since he is confined in a beautiful prison, to wit, London; yea he may go thorow all the world save only Northumberland, he may come to Scotland whilkes benorth Northumberland be sea. It may be it might be telling Scotland that by sick another act they layd a constrainct on that house of Huntly, the Cock of the north. If so, the French Jesuits sould not have such raison to boast (as we have heard them), and the papists sould not have so great footing in the north as they have. We most not forgett the drolleries we have had wt our host Mr. Daille` when I would have heard him at the (\garde` # robe\) , to sport my selfe whiles, I would have come up upon him or he had bein weill begun and prayed him to make hast by reason I was exceedingly straitned when they would have bein no such thing, wheiron he would have raisen of the stooll or he had bein halfe done and up wt his breecks, it may be whiles wt something in them. In our soups, which we got once every day, and which we have descryved already, such was Madames frugality that the one halfe of it she usually made of whiter bread, and that was turned to my syde of the board, the other halfe or a # better part she made of the braner, like our rye loaves, and that was for hir and hir husband.

The bread ordinarly used heir they bake it in the forme of our great cheeses, some of them 12 pence, others 10 souse, others for 8. Thess for 10 souse are as big again as our 6penie loaves, and some of them as fine. There comes no vine out of France to forreine country, save that which they brimstone a litle, other wise it could not keip on the sea, but it would spoil. Its true the wine works much of it out againe, yet this makes that wine much more unwholsome and heady then that we drink in the country wheir it growes at hand. We have very strick laws against the # adulterating of wines, and I have heard the English confess that they wished they had the like, yet the most do this for # keiping of it; yea their hardly wine in any cabaret of Paris that is otherwise. Hearing a bel of some convent ringing and ronging on a tyme in that same very faschion that we beginne our great or last bel to the preaching, I demanding what it meant, they told me it was for some person that was expiring, and that they called it (\l'agonie\) . That the custome was that any who ware at the point of death and neir departing they cause send to any religious house they please, not forgetting money, to ring a Agonie that all that hears, knowing what it means, to wit, that a brother or sister is departing, may help them wt their prayers, since then they may be steadable, which surely seimes to be wery laudable, and it may be not amiss that it ware in custome wt us. The Church of England hath it, and on the ringing any peaple that are weill disposed they assemble themselfes in the Church to pray. In France also they ring upon the death of any person to show that hearers, called (\le trespas\) , that some persone is dead. The same they have in England, wt which we was beguiled that night we lay at Anick, for about 2 howers of the morning the toune bel ronging on the death of one Richard Charleton, I taking it to be the 5 howers bel we rose in hast, on wt our cloaths, and so got no more sleip that night. Their was nothing we could render Mr. Daille` pensive and melancholick so soon wt as to fall in discourse of Mr. Douglas. He hes told me his mind of him severall tymes, that he ever had a evill opinion of him; that he never heard him pray in

his tyme; all 16 moneth he was wt him, he was not 3 or 4 tymes at Quatre Piquet (the church) [\WORDS IN BRACKETS # INTERLINED\] , and when he went it was to mock; that he was a violent, passionate man; that he spak disdainefully of all persones; that he took the place of all # the other Scotsmen, that he had no religion, wt a 100 sick like. Its in wery great use heir for the bridegroomes to give rich gifts to the brides, especially amongs thess of condition; as a purse wt a 100 pistols in it, and this she may dispose on as # she pleaseth to put hir selfe bravely in the faschion against hir marriage. We have heard of a conseillers sone in Poictiers who gave in a burse 10000 livres in gold. Yet I am of the mind that he would not have bein content if she had wared all this on hir marriage cloaths and other things concerning it, as on bracelets and rings. The parents also of the parties usually gives the new married folk gifts as rich plenishing, silver # work, and sicklike. In parties appealls heir from a inferior to a superior, if # it appear that they ware justly condemned, and that they have wrongously and rashly appealed, they condeime them unto a fine called heir Amende, which the Judge temperes according to the ability of the persones and nature of the businesse: the fine its converted ether to the use of the poor or the repairing of the palais. The Jurisdiction of thess they call Consuls in France is to decide controversies arising betuixt marchand and marchand. Their power is such that their sentence is wtout appeall, and they may ordaine him whom they find in the wrong to execute the samen wtin the space of 24 howers, which give they feill to do they may incarcerate them. Thus J. Ogilvie at Orleans. Even the wery papists heir punisheth greivously the sine of blasphemy and horrid swearing. Mr. Daille` saw him selfe at Bordeaux a procureurs clerk for his incorrigibleness in his horrid swearing after many reproofes get his tongue boored thorow wt a hot iron. The present bischop of Poictiers is a reasonable, learned # man, they say. On a tyme a preist came to gett collation from him, the bischop, according to the custome, demanding of him if he

know Latin, if he had learned his Rhetorick, read his # philosophy, studied the scooll Divinity and the Canon law, etc., the preist replied (\quau copois\) , which in the Dialect of # bas Poictou (which differes from that they speak in Gascoigne, from that in Limosin, from that in Bretagne, tho all 4 be but bastard French) signifies (\une peu\) . The bischop thought it # a very doulld answer, and that he bit to be but a ignorant # fellow. He begines to try him on some of them, but try him wheir he will he findes him better wersed then himselfe. Thus he # dismissed him wt a ample commendation; and severall preists, efter hearing of this, when he demanded if they had studied sick and sick things, they ware sure to reply (\cacopois\) . He # never examined them further, crying, go your wayes, go your wayes, they that answers (\cacopois\) are weill qualified. We have sein sewerall English Books translated in French, as the Practise of Piety, the late kings [^GREEK OMITTED^] , # Sidneyes Arcadia, wt others. We have sein the plume whilk they dry and make the plumdamy of. The habit of the Carmelites is just opposite to that of the Jacobines, who goe wt a long white robe beneath and a black above. The Carmes wt a black beneath and a white above. The Augustines are all in black, the Fullions all in white. Its very rare to sy any of the women religious, they are so keipt up, yet on a tyme as I was standing wt some others heir in the mouth of a litle lane their came furth 2 nunnes, in the name of the rest, wt a litle box demanding our charity. Each of us gave them something: the one of them was not a lass of 20 years. Mr. Daille` loves fisch dearly, and generally, I observe, # that amongs 10 Frenchmen their sall be 9 that wil praefer fisch to flech, and thinks the one much more delicat to the pallate then the other. The fisch they make greatest cont of are that they

call the sardine, which seimes to be our sandell, and which we saw first at Saumur, and that they call (\le solle\) , which # differs not from our fluck but seimes to be the same. The French termes it (\le perdrix de la mer\) , the patridge of the sea, because as the pertridge is the most delicious of birds, so it # of fisches. Mr. Daillie` and his wife perceaving that we cared not for any sort of fisches, after they would not have fisches once in the moneth. We cannot forget a story or 2 we have heard of Capuchines. On a tyme as a Capuchin, as he was travelling to a certain village a little about a dayes journy from Poictiers, he rencontred a gentlemen who was going to the same place, whence they went on thegither. On their way they came to a little brook, over which their was no dry passage, and which would take a man mid leg. The Capuchin could easily overcome this difficulty for, being bare legged, he had no more ado but to truce up his gowen and pass over; the gentleman could not wt such ease, whence the Capucyn offers to carry him over on his back. When he was in the mides of the burn the Capucyn demanded him if he had any mony on him. The man, thinking to gratify the Capucyn, replied that he had as much as would bear both their charges. Wheiron the Capucyn replied, If so, then, Sir, I can carry you no further, for by the institution of our order I can carry no mony, and wt that he did let him fall wt a plasch in the mides of the burn. (\Quaeritur\) , whither he would have spleeted on the regular obedience of their order if he carried the man having mony on him wholly throw the water. At another tyme a Capucyn travelling all alone fand a pistoll laying on the way. On which arose a conflict betuixt the flesch and the spirit, that same man as a Capuchin and as another man. On the one hand he reasoned that for him to take it up it would be a mortell sine; on the other hand, that to leive it was a folly, since their was nobody their to # testify against him. Yet he left it, and as he was a litle way from it the flesch prevailed, he returned and took it up, but be a miracle it turned to a serpent in his hand and bit him.

Enquiring on a tyme at Madame Daillie` and others whow the murders perpetrate by that fellow that lived at the port St. Lazare came to be discovered, I was informed that after he had committed these villanies on marchands and others for the space of 10 years and above, the house began to be hanted wt apparitions and spirits, whence he thought it was tyme for him to quatte it, so that he sould it for litle thing, and retired to the country himselfe. He that had bought the house amongs others reformations he was making on it, he was causing lay a underseller wt stone, whilk while they are digging to do, they find dead bodies, which breeds suspicion of the truthe, wheirupon they apprehend him who, after a fainte deniall, confesses it; and as they are carrieing him to Paris to receave condigne punishment, they not garding him weell, some sayes he put handes in himselfe, others that he complices in the crime, fearing that he might discover them, to prevent it they layd wait for him and made him away by the way, for dead folk speaks none. On the 22 of Septembre 1665 parted from this for Paris 4 of our society, Mr. Patrick, David and Alex=r= Humes, wt Colinton. We 3 that ware left behind hired horses and put them the lenth of Bonne`vette, 3 leagues from Poictiers (it was built by admiral Chabot in Francis the firsts time, and he is designed in the story Admirall de Bonnivette). By this we bothe gratified our commorades and stanched our oune curiosity we had to sie that house. It's its fatality to stand unfinished; by reason of whilk together wt its lack of # furniture it infinitly comes short of Richelieu. It may be it may yeeld nothing to it in its bastiments, for its all built of a brave stone, veill cut, which gives a lustre to the exterior. Yet we discovered the building many wayes irregular, as in its chimlies, 4 on the one side and but 3 on the other. That same irregularity was to found in the vindows. In that which theirs up of it theirs roome to lodge a king and his palace. Al the chambres are dismantled, wtout plenishing save only one in which we fand som wery weill done pictures, as the present Kings wt the Queens, Cardinal Mazarin's ( who was a

Sicilian, a hatmakers sone) and others. The thing we most noticed heir was a magnifick stair or trumpket most curiously done, and wt a great deall of artifice, wt great steps of cut stone, the lenth of which I measured and fand 20 foot. I saw also a very pretty spatious hall, which made us notice it, and particularly Colinton, who told me that Colinton hous had not a hall that was worth, whence he would take the pattern of that. We fand it thre score 12 foot long, and iust the halfe of it broad, thats to say 36. Above the chimly of the roome are written in a large broad the 10 commandements. Heir we bade adieu to our commorads, they forward to Micbo that night, 2 leagues beyond Bonnevette, to morrow being to dine at Richelieu and lay at Loudun; we back to Poictiers. Its like that we on their intreaties had gone forward to Richelieu if we had bein weill monted; but seing us all 3 so # ill monted it minded us of that profane, debaucht beschop Lesly, who the last tyme the bischops ware in Scotland (when # Spootswood was Archbischop) was bischop of the Isles. He on a tyme riding with the King from Stirveling to Edinburgh he was wery ill monted, so that he did nothing but curse wtin him selfe all the way. A gentleman of the company coming up to him, and seing him wt a wery discontented, ill looking countenance demanded, Whow is it, whow goes it wt you, my Lord? He answered, Was not the Dewill a fooll man, was he not a fooll? The other demanding wheirin, he replied, If he had but sett Job on the horse I am on, he had cursed God to his face. Let any man read his thoughts from that. The richness of France is not much to be wondred at, since # to lay asyde the great cities wt their trafficks, as Tours in # silkes. Bordeaux wt Holland wares of all sorts, Marseilles wt all that the Levant affordes, etc., their is not such a pitty city in France which hath not its propre traffick as Partenay in its stuffes, Chatteleraut in its oil of olives, its plumdamies and other commodities which, by its river of Vienne, it impartes to all places that standes on the Loier. In France heir they know not that distinction our Civil Law

makes betuixt Tutors and Curators, for they call all curators, of which tho they have a distinction, which agries weill wt the Civil Law, for these that are given to on wtin the age of 14 they call (\curateurs au persones et biens\) , which are really the Justinianean tutors who are given (\principaliter ad tuendam personam pupilli\) and (\consequenter tantum res\) ; thes that # [{are{] given to them that are past their 14, but wtin their 25, they call (\curateurs du causes\) , consequentialy to that, (\quod # curatores certae rei vel causae dari possunt\) , and wtout the auctority of thir the minors can do nothing, which tends any wayes to the deteriorating their estat, as selling, woodsetting or any wayes alienating. What concernes the consent of parents in the marriage of their children, the French law ordaines that a man wtin the age of 28, a woman wtin 25 sall not have the power of disposing themselves in marriage wtout the consent of their parents. If they be past this age, and their parents wil not yet dispose of them, then and in that case at the instance of the Judge, and his auctority interveening they may marry tho their parents oppose. When the friends of a pupil or minor meits to choose him a curator, by the law of France they are responsible to the pupill if ether the party nominat be unfitting, or behave # himself fraudulently and do damnage, and be found to be not (\solvendo\) . At Bourges in Berry theirs no church of the religion, # since, notwtstanding its a considerable toune, their are none of the religion their, but one family, consisting of a old woman and hir 2 daughters, both whores; the one of them on hir deathbed turned Catholick when Mr. Grahame was their. Its a very pleasant place they say, situate on a river just like the Clin heir; they call it the Endre. Heir taught the renouned Cuiacius, whom they call their yet but a drunken fellow. His daughter was the arrantest whore in Bourges. Its not above 4 or 5 years since she died, whence I coniecture she might be comed to good years or she died.

This university is famous for many others learned men, as Douell, Hotoman, Duarene, Vulteius, etc. The posterity of the poor Waldenses are to be sein stil in Piedmont, Merindol, and the rest of Savoy, as also of the Albigenses in Carcasson, Beziers and other places of Narbon. They are never 10 years in quietness and eas wtout some # persecution stirred against, whence they are so stript of all their goods and being that they are necessitate to implore almes of the protestant churches of France. About 12 years ago a contribution was gathered for them, which amounted to neir 400,000 livres, which was not ill. The principall trafick of Geneva is in all goldsmiths work. The best (\montres\) of France are made their, so that in all # places of France they demand Geneva (\montres\) , and strangers if # they come to Geneva they buy usually 3 or 4 to distribute amongs their friends when their are at home. In the mor southren provences of France to my admiration I fand they had and eated upright cheries 2 tymes of the year, end of May and beginning of June, a little after which they are ordinar wt ourselfes, and also again in Octobre. On a day # at the beginning of that moneth at dinner Mr. Daille` profered to make me eat of novelties, wheiron he demanded me what fruits I eated in the beginning of the year. I replied I had eaten asparagus, cherries and strawberries. You sall eat of cherries yet, said he, and wt that we got a plate full of parfait cherries, tho they had not so natural a tast as the others, by reason of the cold season, and the want of warmness which the others enioy. They had bein but gathered that same day; they are a sort of bigaro; when the others are ripe they are not yet flourished. The most usuall names that women are baptized wt heir be Elizabeth, Radegonde, Susanne, Marguerite and Madleine. The familiar denomination they give the Elizabeths is babie, thus they call J. Ogilvies daughter at Orleans; that for Marguerite

is Gotton, thus they call Madame Daille` and hir litle daughter. Thess of the religion, usually gives ther daughters names out of the bible, as Sarah, Rachel, Leah, etc. They have also a way of deducing women names out of the mens, as from Charles, Charlotte, from Lowis, Lowisse, from Paul, Pauline, from Jean, Jeane. Thir be much more frequent amongs the baser sort then the gentility, just as it is wt the names of Bessie, Barbary, Alison and others wt us. A camel or Dromedary would be as much gazed on in France for strangers as they would be in Scotland. In Italy they have some, but few, for they are properly Asiatick wares, doing as much service to the Persian, Arabian and others Oriental nations acknowledging the great Tartar chain as the silly, dul asse and the strong, robust mule does to the French. The camel, according to report indeniable, because a tall, hy beast it most couch and lay doune on its forward feet to receave its burden, which if it find to heavy it wil not stir til they ease it of some of it; if it find it portable it recoveres its feet immediatly. There comes severall Jewes to France, especially as # professing physick, in which usually they are profondly skilled. Mr. Daille` know on that turned protestant at Loudon. Another, a very learned man, who turned Catholik at # Montpeliers, who a year after observing a great nombre of peaple that lived very devotly and honestly, that ioined not wt the Church of Rome, having informed himself of the protestants beleife, he became of the Religion, publishing a manifesto or Apology wheirin he professes the main thing whey he quites the Catholick religion for is because he can never liberate their tennet wheirby they teach that we most really and carnally eat our God in the Sacrament, from uniustice, absurdity and implication. The Laws of Spaine, as also of Portugal, strikes wery sore against Jewes that will not turne Christians, to wit, to burning them quick, which hath bein practicate sewerall tymes. On the other hand a Jew thats Christian if at Constantinople he is wery fair to be brunt also. Whence

may be read Gods heavy judgement following that cursed nation. Yet Holland, that sink of all religions, permits them their synagogues and the publick excercise of their religion. They rigorously observe their sabath, our Saturdy, so that they make ready no meat on that day. If the wind sould blow of their hat they almost judge it a sin and a breach of the sabath to follow it and take it up. Their was a Jew wt us in the 1662 year of God that professed at least to turne Christian, and communicated in the Abby Church. We may deservedly say, (\omnia sunt venalia Gallis\) , for # what art their not but its to be sold publickly. Not so much as rosted aples ready drest, (\chastans, poirs\) , rosted geese # cut unto its percels, but they are crieng publicklie, and really I looked upon it as a wery good custome, for he that ether cannot or wil not buy a whole goose he'el buy it may be a leg. The prices of their meats waries according to the tymes of the year. The ordinars of some we have already mentioned; for a capon they wil get whiles 20 sous, whiles but 14 or 12. Theirs a fellow also that goes wt a barrel of vinegar on his back, crieng it thorow the toune; another in that same posture fresch oil, others moustard, others wt a maille to cleave wood, also poor women wt their asses loadened wt 2 barrels of water crying, (\Il a l'eau fresche\) . At Paris its fellows that # carryes 2 buckets tied to a ordinar punchion gir, wtin which they march crieng (\de l'eau\) , which seimed a litle strange to us # at first, we not crying it so at home. Also theirs to be heard women wt a great web of linnen on their shoulder, a el wand in their hand, crieng their fine (\toile\) . Theirs also poor fellows that goes up and doune wt their hurle barrows in which they carrie their sharping stone to sharp axes or gullies to any bodie that employes him. Their came a Charlatan or Mountebanck to Poictiers the Septembre we was their, whose foolies we went whiles to sie. The most part of the French Charletanes and Drogists when they come to a toune to gain that he get them themselfes a better name, and that they may let the peaple sie that they are not

cheaters as the world termes them, they go to all the # Phisitians, Apothecaries and Chiurgions of the toune and proferes to drink any poison that they like to mix him, since he hath a antidote against any poison whatsoever. A mountebank at Montpeliers having made this overture, the potingers most unnaturally and wickedly made him a poisonable potion stuffed wt sulfre, quick silver, a vicked # thing they cal (\l'eau forte\) , and diverse others burning corrasive ingredients to drink. He being confident in his antidote, he would drink it and apply his antidote in the view of all the peaple upon the stage. He had not weill drunk it when by the strenth of the ingredients he sunk all most dead upon the scalfold or stage; he suddenly made his recourse to his # antidote which he had in his hand; but all would not do, or halfe a hower it bereaved him of his life. Their are also some of them that by litle and litle # assuesses themselfes to the drinking of poison, so that at lenth by a habit they are able to take a considerable draught wt out doing themselfes harme. Historians reportes this also to have bein practicate by Mithridates, King of Persia (Parthia). [\WORD IN BRACKETS INTERLINED\] Upon the founding of the Jesuits Colledge at la Fleche on made thir 2 very quick lines: (\Arcum dola dedit patribus Gallique sagittam, Quis funem autem quem meruere dabit.\) In many places of Germany their growes wery good wines, in some none at all. The Rhenish wine which growes on the renouned Rhein, on which standes so many brave tounes, is weill enough knowen. They sometymes sell their wine by the weight as the livre or pound, etc., which may seime as strange as the cherries 2 tymes a year in France. Thus they ar necessitate to do in the winter, when it freizes so that they most break it wt great mattocks and axes, and sell it in the faschion we have named. Adultery, especially in the women, is wery vigorously

punished in many places of France. In Poictou, as Mr. Daille` informed, they ignominously drag them after the taile of a mule thorow the streits, the hangman convoying them, then they sett them in the most publick part of the toune bound be a stake, wt their hands behind their backs, to be a obiect of mockery ther to all that pleases. They that commits any pitty roobery or theifte are whipt thorow the toune and stigmatized wt a hot iron marked wt the (\flower de lis\) on the cheik or the shoulder. If any be # taken after in that fault having the mark, theirs no mercy for them under hanging. Every province almost hath its sundry manner of torturing persones suspected for murder or even great crimes to extort from them a confession of the truth. At Paris the hangman takes a serviet, or whiles a wool cloath (which I remember Cleark in his Martyrologie discovering the Spanish Inquisition also mentioned), which he thrustes doune the throat of him as far as his wery heart, keiping to himselfe a grip of one end of the cloath, then zest wt violence pules furth the cloath al # ful of blood, which cannot be but accompanied wt paine. Thus does the (\burreau\) ay til he confesses. In Poictou the manner is # wt bords of timber whilk they fasten as close as possibly can be both to the outsyde and insyde of his leg, then in betuixt the leg and the timber they caw in great wedges from the knee doune to the wery foot, and that both in the outsyde and insyde, which so crusheth the leg that it makes it as thin and as broad as the loafe of a mans hand. The blood ishues furth in great abondance. At Bourdeaux, the capital of Guienne, they have a boat full of oil, sulfre, pitch, resets, and other # like combustible things, which they cause him draw on and hold it above a fire til his leg is almost all brunt to the bone, the sinews shrunk, his thigh also al streatched wt the flame. On a tyme we went to sie the charlatan at the Marcher Vieux, who took occasion to show the spectators some vipers he had in a box wt scalves in it, as also to refute that # tradition delivered by so many, of the young vipers killing their mother

in raving her belly to win furth, and that wt the horrid peine she suffers in the bringing furth her young she dies, which # also I have heard Mr. Douglas - preaching out of the last of the Acts about that Viper that in the Ile of Malta (wheir they are a great more dangerous then any wheir else) cleave to Pauls hand - affirme at least as a thing reported by naturalists, the etymon of the Greek word [^GREEK OMITTED^] seiming to make for # this opinion, since it comes [^GREEK OMITTED^] (\a habendo dolorem\) . Yet he hath demonstrated the falshood of that opinion: for he showed a black viper also spooted wt yellow about the lenth of a mans armes, about the grossenesse of a # great inkhorne wholly shappen like a ell save only its head wt its tongue, which was iust like a fork wt 2 teeth, wheir its # poison mainly resydes, that had brought furth 2 young ones that same very day, which he showed us wt some life in them just like 2 blew, long wormes that are wrinkled; and notwtstanding the mother was on life and no apparence of any rupture in hir # belly. To let us sie whow litle he cared for it he took hir and wrapt it that she might not reach him wt hir head, and put it in his mouth and held it a litle space wt his lipes; which tho the common peaple looked on as a great attempt, yet surely it was nothing, since their is no part of the Viper poisonnable save only its head and its guts. As for the flech of it, any man # may eat it wtout hazard, for the same very charlatan promised that ere we left the toune, having decapitated and disbowelled it, he sould eat the body of it before all that pleased to look on, which he might easily do. For as litle as he showed himself to care for it, yet he having irritate and angred it, either by his brizing it in his mouth or by his unattentive handling of it (for such is the nature of the Viper that tho its poison # be a great deall more subtil, percing and penetrating, and # consequently in some account more dangerous then that of the hideous coleuure or serpent, yet it wil not readily sting or # bit except they be exasperate, when the others neids no # incitations, but wil pershew a man if they sy him), when he was not taking heid, it snatcht him by the finger, he hastily shakt it of on # the

stage and his finger fell a blooding. He was not ordinarly moved at this accident, telling us that it might endanger the losse of his finger. He first scarified the flech that was # about the wound, then he caused spread some theriac (one of the rarest contrepoisons, made mainly of the flech of the Viper) # on a cloath which he applied to it. About a halfe hower after he looked to it in our presenc, and his finger was also raisen # in blay blisters. He said he would blood himselfe above a hower, to the end to reid himselfe of any blood already poisoned and infected, lest by that circulation that the blood makes thorow al the body of a man once of the 24 howers the blood infected sould communicate itselfe to much. Also he sayd that he had rather bein stung in the leg, the thigh, or many other parts of the body then the finger, by reason of the # great abondance of nerves their, and the sympathy the rest of the body keips wt them, which renders the cure more difficile. This charlatan seimed to be very weill experimented. He had bein at Rome, which voyage is nothing in France, and thorow the best of France. The stone thats to be found in the head of the hie toad is very medicinal and of great use their. They call a toad (\grappeau\) ; a frog (\grenouille\) . The papists looks very much on the 7 sone for the curing of the cruels; severall of the protestants look on it as # superstition. They come out of the fardest nooks of Germany, as also out of Spain itselfe, to the King of France to be cured # of this: who touches wt thir wordes, which our King aequivalently uses, tho he gives no peice of Gold as our King does, (\c'est # le roy qui vous touche, c'est Dieu qui vous guerisse\) . He hath a set tyme of the year for the doing of it. The day before he prepares himself by fasting and praying that his touche may be the more effectuall. The French could give me no reason of it but lookt on it as a gift of God. We can not forget a witty answer of a young English nobleman who was going to travel thorow France and Italie, whom his friends feared exceedingly that he would change his Religion, because he mocked at Religion. They

thought that King James admonition to him might do much to keip him constant, wheiron they prayed the King to speak to him. Yes I shall do that, quoth he. When he came to take his leave of the King, King James began to admonish him that he would not change his Religion, for amongs many other # inconveniences he would so render himselfe incapable of serving his King and his country, and of bearing any office theirin. He quickly replied, I wonder of your Majesty who is so wise a man that ye sould speak so; for ther is no a man in all France or Italy that wil change wt me tho I would give him a 100,000 livres aboot. The King was wery weill satisfied wt this, telling his freinds that he was not feared he would # change, but that he saw he would bring back all the Religion he carried afield wt him. At the Marcher Vieux beyound our expectation we saw one of the fellows eat the Viper head and all. The master striped it as a man would do an elle, and clasped it sicker wtin a inch of its neck. The fellow took the head of it in his mouth and zest in a instant bit it of its neck and over his throat wt # it, rubing his throat griveously for fear that it stake their. He had great difficulty of getting it over, and wt the time it # had bein in his mouth his head swalled as big as 2 heads. The master immediatly took a glasse halfe full of wine, in which # he wrang the blood and bowells of the headlesse body of the Viper and caused him drink it also, breaking the glasse in which he drank it to peices on the stage, causing sweip all wery diligently away that it might do no harme. Immediatly on the fellows drinking of it he had ready a cup of # contrepoison, which he caused him drink, then giving him a great weighty cloak about his shoulders he sent him to keip him selfe warme before a great fire. The reason of which was to contrepoise the cold nature of this poison as of all that # poison thats to be found in living creatures, which killeth us by extinguishing our natural radical heat, which being chockt and consumed the soul can no more execute its offices in the body but most depart. In the more Meridional provinces of France, as Provence,

Languedoc, etc., they have besydes the other ordinar Serpents also Scorpions, which, according as we may sie them painted, are just like a litle lobster, or rather the French (\rivier Escrivises\) . They carry their sting in their taile as the # Viper does in its mouth. Tho it be more dangerous then any, yet it carries about wt it contrepoison, for one stung wt it hath no more ado, but to take that same that stung him, or any other if he can light on it, and bruise out its substance on # the place wheir he is stung, and theirs no hazard. The potingers also extracts a oile which hath the same virtue. Its not amisse to point as it ware wt the finger at that drollery of the priest who preaching upon the gifts that the 3 wise men gave to Christ, alleadged the first gave (\d'or, myrrthe\) , the 2d (\argent\) . He could never find, tho he # repeated it 20 tymes over, what the 3d gave wt the rest of its # circumstances. As also of the soger that made good cheir to his Landlord; and of Grillet the Deviner who notwithstanding of his ignorance yet fortune favorized. The Frenchwomen thought strange to hear that our women theyle keip the house a moneth after they are lighter, when they come abroad on 8 dayes, and they are very weak that keips it a fortnight. Be the Lawes of France a slave, let him be a Turk, slave to a Venitien or Spaniard, etc. (such enemies they pretend # themselfes to be to servitude, tho their be legible enough marks of it amongs them as in their (\gens de main mort\) , etc.), no # sooner sets he his foot on French ground but (\ipso facto\) he is # frie. Yet al strangers are not in the same condition their, nether brook they the same priveledges, for some they call Regnicolls, # others Aubiens ( (\suivans les loix du Royaume\) , bastards). The # principal difference they make betuixt them is this, that if a Regnicoll such as the Scots are, chance to dy in France they have the power of making a testament and disposing of their goods as they please which they have their, whither they be moveable or immoveable. If they die not leiving a testament yet its no

less secure, since their friends to the 10 degrie may take possession of them. Its not so wt the Aubiens who have no such right, but dieng, the King is their heir, unless it may be they be Aubiens naturalized, who then begin to have the priviledges of the others and the very natives. The Laws of France (this is the rigor) [\WORDS IN BRACKETS # INTERLINED\] denies children begotten in Adultery or incest aliments, which tho harsh, # condemning the innocent for the guilty, yet they think it may serve to deterre the parents from sick illicit commixtions. The laws of France, as of the most of Europe (tho not practicate wt us), in thess case wheirin a man gets a woman wt child, ordains that ether he marry hir or that he pay hir tocher good, which is very rigorously execute in France. We can not forget a Anagram that one hes found in Cornelius Jansenius, to wit, (\Calvini sensus in ore\) . At Rome the Jews have a street assigned to them to live in a part. In France, especially in Montpeliers, wheir theirs seweralls, they dare not wear hats of that coleur that others wear, as black or gray, but ether rid or green or others, that all may know them from Christians. The King of France amongs other titles he assumes, he calls himselfe Abbot of St. Hilaire, to wit of that church that bears the name in Poictiers, whence its amongs the aenigma'es of France that the Abbot of St. Hilaire hath the right of laying with the Queen of France the 1 night of the marriage. # Wheirupon when this king married the Infanta of Spaine, some of the French nobility told hir that the Abbot of St. Hilaire had the right of lying wt the Queen of France the first night, she replied that no Abbot sould lay wt hir but her prince. They pressing that the laws of France ware such, she answered she would have that law repealed. They telling hir the matter she said the Abbot sould be welcome. The most part of Them that sweips the chimelies in France we discovered to be litle boyes that come out of Savoy wt a long trie over the shoulders, crying shrilly thorow the # cityes, (\je vengeray vos chemine`es haut en bas\) . Its strange of # thir litle stirrows, let us or the Frenchmen menace them as we like we

can never get them to say, (\Vive le Roy de France\) , but # instead of it, ay (\Vive la Reine de Sauoye\) . We was not a little amazed to sy them on dy making ready amongs other things to our diet upright poddock stools, which they call (\potirons\) or (\champignons\) . They'le raise in a # night. They grow in humid, moisty places as also wt us. They frie them in a pan wt butter, vinegar, salt, and spice. They eated of it greedily vondering that I eated not so heartily of them as they did; a man seimes iust to be eating of tender collops in eating them. But my praeiudice hindred me. To know the way of making their sups is not unnecessar since our curiosity may cause us make of them at home. Of this we spoke something already. Further he that hes made ready boiled flech, he hath no more ado but to take the broth or sodden water wt his flech and pour it above his cut doune loaves, which we proved to be very nourishing. If a man would make a good soup wtout flech, he would cut me doune some onions wt a lump of butter ether fresh or salt, which he sall frie in a pan, then pour in some vinaigre, then vater, then salt and spice, and let al boil together, then pour it on your sup, and I promise you a good sup. We cannot forget what good company we have had some winter nights at the fire syde, my host in the one noock, Madame in the other, and I in the mides, in the navel of the fire. He was of Chattelerault, she of Partenay: they would fallen to and miscalled one anothers country, reckning over al that might be said against the place wheir the other was born and what might be sayd for their oune. Whiles we had very great bickering wt good sport. They made me iudge to decide according to the relevancy of what I fand ether alledge. I usually held for Madame as the weaker syde. The most part of the French sauces they make wt vergus. For geese they use no more but salt and water. This consequence may be whiles used: Sy ye this, yes. Then ye are not blind: hear you that; R, yes. Then ye are not deaf. We saw a horse ruber wt a blew bonnet in Poictiers almost

in the faschion of our Scotes ones; another we saw not, from our leiving of Berwick, til our returne to it againe. To be fully informed of the history of the brave General (Mareschal) [\WORD IN BRACKETS INTERLINED\] Birron, whom they # had such difficulty to get headed; as of the possessed Convent of Religious vomen called (\les diablesses de Loudun\) ; as of the burning of the preist # as sorcerer and his arraigning his iudges before the tribunal of the Almighty to answer him wtin a few dayes, and all that sat upon his Azize their dying mad wtin som litle tyme; it wil not be amisse to informe ourselfe of them from the History of France. The French, tho the civilest of peaple, yet be seweral experiences we may find them the most barbarous. Vitnes besyde him who dwellt at Porte St. Lazare, another who brunt his mother because she would not let him ly wt hir, and was brunt quick himselfe at the place in Poictiers some 5 years # ago. The French Law is that if a women be 7 years wtout hearing news of hir husband that she may marrie againe. We have marked the German language to have many words common wt our oune, as bread, drink, land, (\Goet\) for our # God; (\rauber\) ; feeds, (\inimiticiae\) ; march, (\limites\) ; # fich; flech; (\heer\) , sir; our man, (\homo\) ; (\weib\) for wife. We have eated puddings heir also that we call sauses, which they make most usualy of suine. We cannot passe over in silence the observation the # naturalists hath of the Sow, that it hath its noble parts disposed in the same very sort they are found in a man, which may furnish us very great matter of humility, as also lead us to the # consideration and sight of our bassesse, that in the disposall of our noble parts we differ nothing from that beast which we recknon amongs the filthiest. They make great use of it in France heir. In travelling we rencontred wery great heards. Tuo boyes studieing the grammar in the Jesuits Colledge at Poictiers, disputing before the regent on their Lesson, the on

demanded, (\Mater cuius generis est\) : the other, knowing that the mother of the proponer had a wery ill name of a whore, replied wittily, (\distinguo\) ; (\da distinctionem\) then; # replied, (\si intelligas de mea` est faeminini; si de tua, est communis\) (in the same sort does Rosse tel it). The occasion of the founding that order of the Charterous in France is wery observable. About the tyme of the wars in the Low Contries their was a man at Paris that led one of the strictest, godliest and most blameless lifes that could be, so that he was in great reputation for his holinesse. He dies, his corps are carried to some church neir hand wheir a preist was to preach his funeral sermon the nixt day. A great concourse of peaple who know him al weill are gathered to heir, amongs other, lead by meer curiosity, comes a Soger (Bruno) who had served in the Low Country wars against the Spaniard and had led a very dissolute, prophane, godless life. The preist in his sermon begins to extol the person deceased and amongs other expressions he had that, that undoubtedly he was in paradis at the present. Upon this the dead man lifted himselfe up in his coffin and cried wt a loud voice, (\justo dei iudicio citatus sum\) : the peaple, the # preist and al ware so terrified that they ran al out of the kirk, yet considering that he was a godly man and that it would be a sin to leive his corps unburied they meit the nixt day. They ware not weill meet, when he cried again, (\iusto dei iudicio iudicatus sum\) ; when they came again the 3d tyme, at which he cried, (\justo dei iudicio condemnatus sum\) . This seimed wery strange to all, yet it produced no such effects in any as in # our Soger, who was present al the tymes: it occasioned # enexpressible disquietment of spirit, and he fell a raisoning, If such a man who was knowen to be of so blamlesse a conversation, who was so observant of his dueties to God be dammed, hath not obtained mercy, oh what wil word of the who hath lead so vicious a life, thinks thou that thou will be able to reach the height that that man wan to, no. At last considering that company and the tongue ware great occasions to sin he resolves to institute a order who sould have converse wt none

and whom all discourse should be prohibited save onlie when they meet one another, thir 2 words (\Memento Mori\) . For this effect he fel in scrutiny of a place wheir they might be friest from company, and pitched upon a rocky, desolate, # unhabited place not far from Grenoble (about 3 leagues), wheir they founded their first Convent, which bears the name of Chartrouse, and is to be sein at this day. Notwtstanding that their first institution bears that they stay far from the converse of men, yet (which also may be observed in the # primitive Monachisme) they are creeping into the most frequented cities. Vitness their spatious Convent, neir halfe a mile # about, at Paris. These of the Religion at Poictiers from St. Michel to Paise they have no preaching the Sabath afternoone. Its not leasum for a man or woman of the Religion to marry wt a Papist; which if they do, they most come and make a publick confession of the fault and of the scandal they have given by such a marriage before the whole church. Experience hes learned them to use it wery sparingly and meekly, for when they would have put it in execution on som they have lost them, they choosing rather to turne papists then do it. We are not so strick in this point as they are; for wt us (\licet # sed non expedit cum non omne quod liceat honestum sit\) . Out of the same fear of loosing them they use wery sparingly the dart of excommunication except against such as lives al the more scandoulously. The protestants in speaking of their Religion before papists they dare not terme it otherwise then (\pretendue Reforme`e\) . We have eaten panches heir, which we finding drest in a different sort from ours but better, we informed ourselfe of it thus: they keip them not intier as we do, but cuts them into peices as big as a man wil take in his mouth at once, then # puts them in a frying pan wt a considerable lump of butter, having fryed them a good space, they put in vineger, a litle salt and some spice; this is all. Their goosing irons they heat them not in the fire as we do; but hath a pretty device. They make the body of the iron a

great deall thicker then ours, which is boss, and which opens at the hand, which boss they fil wt charcoall, which heats the bottom of the iron, which besydes that its very cleanly, they can not burn themselfes so readily, since the hands not hot. They dry not out their linnens before the fire as we do: they have a broad thing iust like a babret on which we bak the cakes, only its of brass very clear, its stands on 4 right hight feet. They take a choffer whiles of brass oftner lame, filled wt charcoall, which they sett beneath the thing, on # which they dry out their cloaths wery neitly. [^THE DIARY OF MR JOHN LAMONT OF NEWTON, 1649-1671. ED. G.R. KINLOCH. MAITLAND CLUB. EDINBURGH 1830. SAMPLE 1: PP. 150.8-154.6 SAMPLE 2: PP. 187.23-191.37 SAMPLE 3: PP. 212.3-219.26^]

1662, Jun. 16. - In the afternoone, at Kirkekaldie, one # George Griue, maltman ther, was killed by the shot of a pistoll, by his owne sonne, # for the son fyred wpon his father deliberatly and one sett purpose, whille # his father was turning the malt kill, and shott him throw the head; and, # fearing he had not beine dead, he tooke a stone in his bannet, and brake all his # feace, and afterwarde smote him with the said stone on the breast diuers tymes. # After the fact, he came from the place, and began a simeing repentance, # crying out, and saying that his father and he had discorded, (ther was # disagriement amonge them before, for it is reported that the father had lyen in # adultery this 17 or 19 yeire bypast with diuers persons; for his custome was to # drinke mutch of the day tyme abroad, and to be absent from his owne howse # att night,) and that he rather goe throwgh nyne kingdomes then be in such a # life; and coming to one of his acquentance, he desyred him to goe and giue him # a pynt of aile to helpe away his melancholy: and so they went, and # whille they were ther, ther comes by a pyper and plays, and this wretched son # went out and did dawnce. After this, the night approaching, he came to his # fathers man, and desyred him that night not to locke the stabell doores, # because he purposed, early the nixt morning, to goe with ane of the horse to bring # home a loade of coalls, (which was not his custome, bot to cause # locke the doore.) So, in the night tyme, he came to the stabell and tooke out # one of the horse, and came to the kill and tooke out his fathers corps, and layd # on the horse, and tooke the same to the sands ther, and threw it ouer the # Craige as yow goe to the West Bridge; and returning, he cast the malt throwgh # other, that the blood sould not be knowen, as also threw somewhat on the doore # of the kill to couer the bloode; and so stabelled the horse againe. Not # long after, he returns to the stabell and tooke out the same horse to goe # for the coalls, bot after the horse was drawen, he wold wpon no account goe with # him, bot he was forced to put wp this horse againe, and take ane other # horse, and so

went and brought the coalls. The nixt morning this murther is # noised abroad, bot none wold confesse. Att lenthe this wretched son is # challenged for itt, bot he denys that he knew any such thing; and he is had to the # corps, bot the corps did not bleide wpon him, (for some affirme that the # corps will not bleid the first 24 howrs after the murther): howeuer, he is keiped, # and within some howrs after he is had to the corps againe, and the son taken # the father by the hand, the corps blieds at the nose, bot he still denys. Also, # the mans wife is brought, and they cause hir touch hir husband, bot he did # not bleide: for some supposed hir to haue a hand in this murther, bot she did # not acknowledge any thing. At lenth the son is brought to the tolbuith, and # shortly after he calls for the minister, and confesses this horrid # fact, telling that he was the only man that did it, and purges the woman, and any # other whom they suspected. Some dayes after he was put to deathe att # Kirkekaldie, and his body put wp on a gibett att Kirkekaldie, aboue the towne. # (Some say, that before his death, he confessed he had lyen with his fathers # cowe.) 1662, Jun. 12. - The Earle of Morton maried Lady [\Grizel\] # Middelton, his Maj. Commissioner, his eldest dawghter; the mariage feast # stood in the Abbay of Halyrudhouse, where hir father remained for the tyme. # Mar. ... 1666, she depairted owt of this life att Aberdowre. 1662, July 5, being Saturns day, - The said say, betuixt 7 # and 8 in the morning, at Lundy in Fyfe, Johne Rattray, one of the plow-men # ther, being in the garden yearde, sneding [\pruning\] tries on the north # dyke, ouer against the coallstabell, for the gyle-howse, [\brew-house\] Alexander Cuninghame, elder, # in Lundy Mille, came in the yearde, and stoode a litell vnder the place where # he was sneding, the said Johne crying if ther were any body ther to bewarre # and remoue, for the branche was falling downe. The said Alex. not # regairding, was immediatly smitten with it to the grounde, and dyed presently of the # stroake, his pan [\skull\] being broken, and his necke almost, so that # he was neuer heard speake a word after. After which, he was taken wp, and placed on a # deal at the garden yeate, till James Murray, wright, meade a coffin to # him, and that same day in the afternoone, he was interred at Largo church, in # the east end of the said church yearde. Jul. 24, 1662, his second son, named # Alex. likewise, was scorged throwgh the towne of Cuper of Fiffe, and after # brunt in the right hand with a burning iyron, and banished the shyre # of Fiffe, because some monthes agoe, he had ryddine away with his measter, S=r= # Johne

Lesly of Newton in Fiffe, his horse, and 700 marks, or therby, # of his money, and spent the same idelly in the west-countrey. Before he went # away, he had gotten his measters woman with childe. 1662, July. - About the begining of it, Mr William # Oliphant, one of the ministers of Dumfermling, depairted out of this life at his # dwelling howse ther, and was interred at the said church the .. of July. 1662, Jul. 23. - The Nationall Couenant of Scotlande, # sworne solemly some yeirs agoe by the whole kingdome, was torne and riuen by 7 or # 8 heralds ouer the crosse of Edb. by order of the then present sitting # parliament ther. 1662, Jul. 26. - The magistrands were lawriatt att St # Androws, by Mr George Weyms, principall of St Leonards Colledge. Mr Ja. Weyms, # the lesler, had the classe in St Leon., and did dedicatt his # theses to the Archbishope of St Androws, Mr Ja. Sharpe. His speich he had about that tyme # was (\De majestate regia\) , and relleshed mutch both of loyaltie # and episcopacie. In his theses ther were some strange tenets: he held that the # Word of God was the rule of faith, bot not of maners; and that ane oath was no # longer obleidging then the pleasure of the magistrat that did cause take the # same, etc. And Mr Patrick Lyon in the Old Colledge, he did dedicat his theses # to his cheife the Earle of Kingorne, (his Lo. was likewyse patron of the # theses in St Leonards Colledge the yeire before); the most pairt of his Theses were # consisting of (\Problemata Philosophica\) . About the middest of this # monthe, or therby, the said archbishope did cause all the measters of the # Vniuersitie ther take and subscriue the oath of alleagence; only Mr Ja. Wood, # Princ. of the Olde Colledge, did absent himselfe at this tyme, vnder pretext # he had taken it before, (which he had indeid, bot with certaine # exceptions,) as also Mr William Campbell, regent ther: bot this was not satisfying to the # Bishope; bot sent them word that they behoued to doe itt, and gaue it them # to aduice till he came backe to St Androws againe from the Parl. att Edb. 1662, Agust 5. - Johne Gibsone, now Laird of Dury, was # serued aire to his deceassed brother, S=r= Alexander, in the tolbuith of # Cuper, Johne Malcome of Balbedie, being Sheriffe depute att that tyme, Johne Bayns, # clerke, and Kincraige Chancelour of the seruice that day: diuers # gentlemen of the shyre of Fyffe were wpon this seruice, as Ayton, Earls-hall, # the said Kincraige, Enster, Fenges, D. Mairtin of Strendry, etc. (the said day # George Mutray, tennant in Ouerpratous, was absolued of a blood at lundy, in a # court ther, Magnus Gourlay being baylie, and Mr Patrick Glassforde # clerke; and that same day was found guilty of the same blood att Cuper, in # the said Shiriffe

Court ther. The pairtie complainer was ..... Spence, seruant to the said George, for the tyme.) 1662, Jul. 24. - The Laird of Mackdonalde, being a yowng # man, maried the Earle of Morton, his sister; the mariage feast stood att # St Jhonstone, in the lady Kinnowlls lodging ther. 1662, Agust 4. - The old Lairde Of Pitfowre in the Carse, # depairted out of this life, att his dwelling house ther, and was interred # att the church of Symedose, the 7. of August, in the day tyme. (About a yeire # before his death, he fell in fornicatione with ane Margaret Hendersone, a yowng # woman that taught the cheldren in the Cott-towne of Pitsowre, and meade # satisfactione for the same, when he was betwixt 60 and 70 yeirs of age, in # the said church.) 1662, August 7. - William Preston, yowng Valyfield, maried # Anna Lumsdaine, S=r= James Lumsdaine of Endergaile, his yowngest dawghter; the # mariage feast stood in hir fathers howse att Endergaillie: (This yowng # gentelman had ane halt in his goeing.) 1662, Agust 14. - By order from Mr James Sharpe, Archbishope # of St Androws, Mr Johne Ramsay, formerly minister of ....., in # Angus, was admitted minister of Scony in Fyffe, some of ministrie of the # presbetrie of Kirkekaldie being ther present, giueing him the right hand # of felloshipe; viz. Mr Johne Robersone, m. of Dysert, Mr Androw Waker, m. of # Achetertule ......, and Mr Joswa Meldrum, m. of Kingorne, who preached the said day of his admissione; his text was # Ezech. 3. 17. After sermon ended, he tooke his promise to be faithfull in his # charge of that flock; and ther was deliured to him the Bibell, the keys of # the church doore and the bell-tow; and Dury was required to be assistant to # him, which he vndertooke to doe; as for the rest of the heritors they were # not present, viz. Athernie and Fenges. He did succeid to Mr Alex. Moncriefe, # who, att that tyme, was vnder prosesse before the parl. att Edb. After that # they went and tooke possession of the manse and glibe. 1662, Agust 19. - Robert Coluill, brother sone to Lord # Coluen, and apparent air of his estate, maried Margaret Weyms, Fenges # eldest dawghter without proclamation, haueing a warrand to that effect from the # forsaid Archbishope of St Androws. This busines was done uery suddenly, for the # bryde knew nothing of it till that morning; for the Lord Coluen at # this tyme was uery sicke, and death looked for; and it was accomplished by # his aduice to preuent the warde of the mariage. They were maried att # Fackland by Mr William Liuistone, minister ther; and that night they came to # Balfarge;

and the nixt morning the bryde-groome, with the Laird of # Fenges, went to Crummy, to wait on the Lord Coluen, to sie what wold be the # euent of his sicknes; and in the afternoone the bryde, with hir company, # came to hir fathers howse at Kilmuxe, bot the bridgrome did not returne till after # the said Lord Coluens death and buriall, which were both in one day; # viz. the 25 of Agust 1662, and then returned, viz. on the 27 of Agust with his # father in law.

1666, Apr. 10. - Being the day of the race att Cupar of # Fyffe, which day the E=r=. of Rothes being his Maj. Comissioner for the tyme, # his horse did cary the pryse, being a great silver cup. Stobs horse was second, # and the Lord of Mongomery horse was last, being only thrie in all. And the # 12 of Apr. whille they were spectators of a lesser cowrse, the Lord # Lithgow and the Lord Carneggie, after cupps, ther passed some words betwixt them, # and about night they drew off the rest, on the hill towards Tarvet Broom, and # drew ther swords on att another, till att last Carneggie gave Lithgow a # sore wownd. While this was noised abroad, divers of the nobilitie and # others ther present, did rydd downe to stope them; amonge whom was the E=r=. of # Weyms, who, laboring to ryd in betwixt the pairties, had both his owne # horse vnder him, and his mans horse thrust throwgh by them, whille they were # drawing one att another, so that both the horses dyed; also one of the # Lord Melvens horses was hurt, and the Lord Newwarke had one of his servants ridden # downe also, and hurt. And att night, they were both putt vnder arreist by # his Maj. Commissioner

att Cupar, in ther severall qwarters. Apr. 18, Carnegie went # to Edb. to be entred prisoner in the Castell. 1666, Apr. - The old Laird of Ruthven in Angus, surnamed # Crichton, depairted owt of this life at his dwelling howse ther; and his son yo. # Ruthven, maried Gerntilly, yo. dawghter except one, abowt 4 howrs # before his fathers death, vpon the accownt the warde of the mariage might not # fall. 1666, Apr. 25. - The diocesian synod satt att St Androws, # where Mr ... ................ Archdeane of St Androws did preach, and Mr # Sharpe, Archbishope, was moderatowr. Ther was litell publicke businese done, only # the severall presbetrie bookes were revised and examined, and some # other customary things. Yowng Meggens Hay, in the Carse of Cowry, was # challenged before them for adulterie: the last session of this meiting he # was citied to give oath, and refused; now he was content to sweare, bot they # were affrayed to take his oath, so that the businese is yet depending before # them. Also the Laird of Spencerfield in Fyffe, was accused before them for # adulterie, with two or thrie others of that nature. Also one .... [\Constable # John\] Small in Angus, who prescrives potions of phisicke to divers persons of meaner # qwalitie, was accused before them for diveinning to the peopell, and taking vpon him # to tell to the peopell who were the persons that did steal owght from # them. Mr. .... Bruce, Mr Ro. Hinniman, and Mr Jo. Afflecke, by the # bishops appointment, did confer and examine him of severall particulars, some which he confest, others he denied; alwayes they appointed him to # satisfie in some of the churches of that presbetrie wher he lives, and # confese his fawlt and error of deceaving the peopell, and to doe so no more, # which he promised to doe. Mr George Diston was spoken off, and continued in the # estaite wherein he was till the nixt meiting. Also, one Mr David # Campbell, m. in the Merns, who once came in the ending of a synod, but went # not in to them, but went to the bishops howse and salutted him, bot never # returned since, was appointed to be cited to come to ther nixt meiting, # otherwise to be proceided against. Also, ther was a complaint given vpon # severall ministers for giveing testificatts to persons to goe and seike supplie # wher they pleased, so that divers, both ministers and others, therby were # oppressed: for remedy of which they appointed that no minister sowld give a # testificat to any of his parishoners for that effect without the consent of # the presbetrie, and the presbetrie to give no warrant to any without ther owne # bownds, as

they sowld be answerabell. After they had sitten a day and a # halfe, they closed ther meiting, and adiourned till Oct. nixt. Some dayes after, the Bishop tooke iowrney for London, and # the Archdean of St Androws with him. (Abowt this tyme also the Lady # Newwarke and hir son, and the Lady Ardrosse and hir son, went wp to # London also.) About the midest of July 1666, the Lady Newwarke and hir son # returned, and the Bishope and the Archdean of St [\Andrews\] abowt the # end of itt; and the Lady of Ardrose and hir son did not returne till the # 1 of Oct. 1666. 1666, Apr. 28. - William Lundy, in Lundy Mille in Fyffe, # bowght a pairt of Bayrehills nire St. Androws, from his father in law John # Adie, and gatt infeftment of itt the said day, and was confirmed by the said # archbishope, Mr Sharpe, as his swperior. Att his entrie he dowbled his few # dewtie vpon him, which is only tippence, and tooke a groatt. This rowme # payes abowt 5 chalder of victwall, wheroff two to the said # archbishope yeirly, one to the archdeane of St Androws, and two to the measter. Itt # stood him abowt 5000 merkes; wheroff, for his tocher 2500 merks; and to # the bishop and New Colledge of bygone dewties, abowt a 1000 m.; wheroff, # to the bishope presently vpon bond paying annual rent, 300 lib.; and to the # relict of the deceassed John Jonston att St Androws, abowt a 1000 m. of # bygone dewties in likemaner, whose infeftment still stands till itt # be redeimed; and abowt 500 m. besyde, of bygone interest of his tocher and # other chairges. He had also att this tyme the plenishing of the rowme. Itt was # a Witsundays bargaine; and he was to enter and to have crope 1666. In Apr. # 1672, he sold the said rowme to Mr [\Patrick\] Lentron, the deceasset # Provest Lentron his brother att St Androws, for 17 hundreth merks, wheroff, to # his mother in law, the said John Jonstons wife, ane 1000 merks; # and to the said Archbishope, of bygone teinde since the said William his # entrie, abowt 700 merks. Also, at that tyme anew he gave a bond to the said # Patrick Lentron, for 80 lib. of bygone interest, payabell att Mairt. 1672. 1666, May 12. - John Wilson, comisar clerke att St Androws, # depairted owt of this life att his dwelling howse ther, and was interred # the 15 of May in the publick buriall place. 1666, May 24. - Mr Robert Whytte, minister of Inch-Stowr in # the Carse of Gowry, was admitted minister of the Northferry besyde # Dundie, by the presbetrie of St. Androws. Mr ............ did preach the day # of his admission. He did succeid to Mr .... Veilland, who was deposed becawse he wold not acqwiese with episcopascy.

1666, May 29, being Twesday, - the solemnitie of his Maj. # birth day, K. Ch. the 2, was keipet throwgh Scotland, England and Irland, by # sermon to that purpose in divers places, shoting of cannon, bon fyrrs # att night, and ringing of bells, etc. That day, Mr John Achinleck, m. of # Largo, preacht att Largo, his text being Ps. 34. 3, 4. "O magnifie the Lord # with me; Let ws exalt his name together," etc. May 29, 1668, he had the # same text; May 29, 1671, he had the same text. 1666, Jun. 2, 3, and 4. - Ther was a great sea feght # betwixt the English and Dutch fleits, wherin both had a very considerabell losse # and damage. The English, in ther printed narrative, confessed they lost 10 # of his Maj. great ships. Jul. 25, they had another bowt of itt, where the # English lost one shipe and the Dutch two; all thrie brunt, as the English # printed peaper affirms. 1666, Jun. 20. - Mr David Falconer, one of the regents in St # Leonards Colledge, and leatly admitted minister of ..... in Lowthian, # maried ..... Brayddy, dawghter to the deceassed Andro Brayddy in St # Androws: the mariage feast stood att Baylie Falconers howse in St Androws, who, # some yeirs before, had maried the said yowng womans mother. This day, # whille they were att dinner, the newes came that one ...... Weyms, # Glennistons brother in Fyffe, student of philosophie in the Old Colledge, had # perished in the water att the Witch-hill, who had gone owt with some of # his comorads after dinner, to watch themselves in the sea att the said # place. Shortly after, the corps were gotten, and interred the nixt day att St # Androws. 1666, Jul. 11 and 18, being Weddensdays both, - ther was a # publicke proclamation over the Crosse of Edb. by his Maj. being printed, for keiping # a day of soleme humiliation throwgh owt this kingdome, in # behalfe of his Maj. navall engagement against the Dutch, and against the French # and Danes ther assisters; that the Lord wold be reconciled to these # lands and his peopell; that sin and prophanitie may be done away, and that the Lord # wold be pleased to blisse his Maj. with successe and victory (if # itt be his will,) ovir his adversaries, etc. Jul. 11, it was keiped att Largo by Mr # John Achinleck, m. ther; his text that day, both sermons, was Ps. 79. 8. "O # remember not against ws former iniqwities," etc. Obs. the 11 day was # for all one this syde of Eske, and the 18 day for all beyonde itt. 1666, Jul. - This mounth the E=r=. of Weyms buelt a timber # bridge over the water of Leven, a litell above the Basse Milln, for the # greater seale of his Methell Coall; itt stood him abowt ....

1666, Jul. - The yo. Lady Hermiston Sinclair in Lowthian, # the Lord Sinclair in Fyffe, his only dawghter, depairted owt of this life att # Dysert, shortly after the bringing foorth of a cheilde, and was interred att # Dysert the 24 of July in the day tyme. 1666, Jul. - Mr John Carmichaell, eldest son to Mr Fredricke # att Merkinshe, and leate minister of Traqware in Lowthian, being deposed # becawse he was not throwghly episcopall, etc. depairted owt of this # life att Pitteddie in Fyffe, and was interred att Kirkaldie the 28 of July in the # day tyme. 1666, Jul. 28. - Yowng Balfowre in Fyffe, his eldest son, # being a yowth about 20 yeirs, depairted owt of this life att his fathers # howse in Balfowre, of a purpie fever, and was interred att Merkinsch kirke the 1 # of August, in the day tyme. 1666, Jul. 28, being Saturns day, - the magistrands att St # Androws were gradwatt by Mr George Weyms, provest of the Old Colledge, nire # to the number 32 or 33 persons. 1666, Jul. - This monthe, or therby, the Vicownt of # Oxen-foord in Lowthian, maried the E=r=. of Lithgows dawghter, surnamed Livistone, # without proclamation, bot by a warrant from the Bishope, and withowt consent of his twtors; the bryde verry yownge, and he not too olde, being # both bot abowt 26 or 27 yeirs of age. Not long after, he went abroad to # France and stayed some yeirs, and did returne in Apr. 1671, and ther was a # second mariage solemnitie 1666, Aug. - Robert Whyte, provest of Kirkaldie, depairted # owt of this [\life\] att his howse ther, and was interred att the said # church Aug. 6, in the day tyme. That same day also a dawghter of the deceassed # Balweirry, surnamed Scot, above 60 yeirs of age, never maried, was interred in the # said place. 1666, Aug. - ..... Sharpe, Mr Robert Weyms, leate minister # of the Elly in Fyffe, his wife, depairted owt of this life att the # Elly, and was interred ther Aug. 24, in the day tyme. She dyed in child-bearing, # being browght to bed, as some affirmed, in the seventh mownthe. 1666, Aug. 23 and 30, being Thursday, - a day of soleme # thanksgiveing to God for the leate victory by the royall navey over the Dutch # flieit, Jul. 25 last, was observed throwgh owt this kingdome by sermon in the # forenoone, shooting of cannon and bony-fyres att night; the 23 day being # for Edb. Lowthians, and all besouth Forth, and the 30 day being for Fyffe, Angus, # and all benorth Tay. Mr John Ackinleck, m. of Largo, his text that day # was Ps. 68. 19, 20. "Blissed be God, who daily loadeth ws with his # benefeits," etc.

1669, Awg. 28. - The Laird of Kirkenesse, surnamed Dowglas, # in Fyffe, being a yowng man, depairted owt of this life att Kirkenesse. # He dyed of a purpie fever, and was interred the 3 of Sept. att Kinroshe, in # the day tyme. 1669, Awg. 31. - Att Cwpar in Fyffe, in the tollbuith ther, # Mistris Ann Gibson, Durys nice ( who was formerly conveyed away privatlie # from Pearth to the Hylands, by the deceasset E=r=. of Stormont his means, # and mutch busines anent itt before the Lords of Maj. secret cownsell att # Edb. An. 1668, or therby), remaining att Dwry for the tyme, did choose # hir cwratowrs; amonge whom were the E=r= of Rothes, the Chanclowr, S=r= Androw Mwrray, and the Twtowr of Stormont, hir vncells on the mother # syde; Dury and his brother George Gibson, hir vn. on the father # syde; Sir .... Wedderburne of Goffoord, Powry Fothringham, etc. They dyned # that day att the deceassed David Jonstown in Cwpar, his howse; 5 of # them meade a coram, among whom Rothes, Dury, his brother, and # Gosfoord being fowre. 1669, Awg. 31. - The E=r=. of Haddingtown depairted owt of # this life att Twningham, and was intered ...... 1669, Sept. 8. - Mr George Gibson, the leat Laird of Bowffie # in Fyffe, depairted owt of this life att Pittenweyme, being dwelling ther for the # tyme, and was interred the 13 of Sept. ther in the day tyme. 1669, Sept. 9. - The Lord Rose-hill, the E=r=. of North-Eske # in Angus, his son and apparent aire, leatlie the Measter of Lowre, maried # Lady Bea. Lindsy, the E=r=. of Crawfords yo. dawghter, being 4 in all: wheroff # one to the E=r=. Rothes; the 2 to the deceasset E=r=. of Haddington, newly # mentioned; the 3

to the Laird of Steinson in Lowthian; and the 4 to the said # Lord Rose-hill, surnamed Carneggy. The mariage feast stood att hir fathers # howse in Strwthers. 1669. - Mr George Diston, leatlie m. of the Cowlts, bowght # the lands of Lochmelony from S=r= John Preston of Ardrie, laying to the # northward of Cwpar in Fyffe: itt stood him abowt 6 or 7 thowsand merks. 1669, Sept. 17, being Fryday, - ther arose a great tempest # of wind suddenly, so that ther was a litell boat belonging to Buckheaven, with 4 # men in itt, carying mussels to Leith, that perished in the Firth. Also, # Sept. 24, being Fryday also, a ship belonging to Preston Pans, in Lowthian, # came downe from London, richly loaden with divers commodities, and rich # merchant goods, being in the Firth some dayes before, fearing a tempest of # wind also, lowsed with a purpose to goe for the Elly, mistaking the harbowr, # sett in above the Ferry vpon the rocks att Kincraige, and perished. The men # were safe, and many of the goods recovered; bot the cowntrey peopell paryet # vpon many of them. Vpon which .... [\Constable James\] Mitchell, # skipper, and some others that had interest, procwred ane order from the chanclowr, the E=r=. of Rothes, for # restitution of the goods, which was read Oct. 3, 1669, in severall # churches after sermon, as in Largo, Newburne, and Kilconq=r=. etc. to be # delivered back to the skipper, or in his absence to Jhon Whytt, skipper in the # Elly, and somewhat promised to such as browght back any thing. 1669, Sept. - Mr Robert Lundin, Straverlys thrid brother, # was admitted second minister of Dysert be the presbetrie of Kirkaldie, # haveing, some dayes before, receaved ordination from the archbishop of St # Androws, Mr Sharp, att the Ferry nire Dundie, Mr John Anderson then being parson # of Dysert. 1669, Oct. 5. - Att Cwpar, S=r= .... [\Constable John\] # Weyms of Boggie, and S=r= William Bruce of Balcaskie, were chosen commissioners for Fyffe, for # the ensewing parliament appointed to sitt at Edb. Oct. 19, 1669, where the # E=r=. of Lawderdaill was his Maj. commissioner. 1669, Oct. 6. - The diocesian synod satt att St. Androws, # where the ... 1669, Oct. 13. - In the night tyme ther arose suddenlie a # great tempest of wynd, raine and thunder, which occasioned great preiudice both # be sea and land in divers places. In divers harbowrs some vessels were # broken and chattered; as in Dundie, where they sustained, as some affirme, above ten # thowsand merkes worth of losse; St Androws, Craill, Anster, # Pittenweyme,

Ferry, Weyms, where a vessell of Kirkaldie, called the Dority, # brake lowse, owt of the harbowr, and splitted herselfe beneath the Chapell # ther on the rocks; Dysert, Kirkaldie, etc; also in the water of Tay att St # Jonston, some of the Inches within the water, wher bestiall were pastoring, # wher overflowen, and the beastiall drowned, both oxen, horse and sheep. Some # also feeding on the water syde perished in likemaner, and divers Helen-kay # came downe the water; as also some lost on the water of Erne. Tries in # divers places broken, spoilt and blowen vp be the rootes; as att Lundin, # Largo, Dury, Kilspindie, Evelick, etc. 1669, Oct. 19. - The parliament satt att Edb. where the # E=r=. of Lawderdaill was his Maj. comissioner, the day being Twesday on which they # did ryd; the Marqwes of Dowglas caried the crowne, Argyll the Scepter, and # Marr the sword, (the E=r=. of Crawfort being then att Edb. did not ryd.) # Ther was no sermon att ther sitting downe, according to ther custome: # (Vpon this one said, - Becawse God was not sowght, therfor it was like it # might come to nowght.) At ther meiting first of all, the comissioner his # comission was read; then he had a large speech to the members ther conveined, # consisting mainly of the things; 1. his Maj. pleasure anent ch. goverment, to # continowe episcopacy, as it was established; vseing some arguments proveing the # divine right of episcopacy, and that it was most consistent with monarchie, # etc. 2. His purpose too have an Vnion established betwixt Scotland and # England. After that his Maj. letter was read, they appointed ane oath to be # taken of each skiper and merchant of every ship, what comodities they had in, for # payment of his maj. cwstomes, and the waiters in likemaner to be # continowed. Also they established ane act of his Maj. swpremacie over all persons, # and ovir all cawses, etc. They did somewhat anent the bringing home of # bullion, and some other particwlar acts, etc. Dec. 23, 1669, this sessiown # of parl.was adiowrned to the 8 of Jun. 1670, or therby. They did some what # also anent the ordering of the melitia in this kingdome. Jan. 20, 1670, # the comissioner tooke iowrney againe for London. Jan. 17, 1670, all the acts # of parlia. were read and proclaimed over the cros att Edb. be the Clerke # Register, etc. (Abowt this tyme Mr William Sharp, the Lord St Androws # brother, was knighted be his Maj. comissioner.) 1669, Nov. 6. - Att Largo, on Largos grownd, the first # yeirly merket ther began, which was proclaimed before att divers other merketts, # to hold att that tyme, and to be custome frie for the space of thrie yeirs to # come. In itt ther was divers merchant goods; cloth, both linnen and woollen; # bestiall of all

kinds, etc. A horse reace for a sadell, for horses within 40 # lib. a pryce; and a foot reace for a bonet, and a paire of shoes. Each ryder was # to putt in a shilling for the sadell. Thomas Fowlls att Largo caried the # day the said yeire. Also ther was a weikly merket appointed ther, to hold # every Fryday. All that came to sell any thing ther other dayes of the weike, # were ordained be act of cowrt, to pay custome for ther comodities; bot these # that keiped the merket day were custome frie. 1669, Nov. 18. - Mr Robert Wood, a Craills man borne, was # admitted minister of Scony in Fyffe, be the presbetrie of Kirkaldie. Mr # John Ramsay, minister of Markinshe, did preach the day of his admission. # His text was, Ezech. 3, 17, 18, 19. "Son of man, I have made the` watchman # vnto the howse of Israell," etc. Remember, the day of his admission, # ther was none of the heritors present att the kirk, and bot some of the # elders; and there was not so mutch as one of them that gave him the right # hand of felloshipe. He did succeid to the said Mr Jhone Ramsay. 1669, Nov. - S=r= .... Scot of bevelay in Lowthian, one of # the Clerks of the Sessiown att Edb. depairted owt of this life att Edb. # He dyned that day att Bavelay, and came in after to Edb. and dyed suddenly # that same night. Also abowt that tyme, ..... Ogilvie of Mwrey, in the Carse of # Gowry, depairted owt of this life att Edb. It was affirmed, that the # dyed sudenly in likemaner; and both were interred att Edb. 1669, Nov. - Mr George Hamilton, yo. in Pittenweyme, # maried .... Boyd, a Lowthian gentelwoman; the mariage feast # stood ........ After they were maried, he browght hir to Pittenweyme, to his # fathers howse. He was to have 6 or 8 thowsand merkes of portion with hir, as # was noysed. 1669, Dec. - Mr James Mairtin, m. of Awchtermowghty in # Fyffe, was transported from that to Bingrie. Mr George Ogilvie, m. of # Kirkaldie, did preach the day of his admission; he did succeid to the # deceasett Mr Robert Bruce. 1669, Dec. - Mr Keneth Loggie, m. of Kirkaldie, depairted # owt of this life att Kirkaldie, and was interred ther the .. of Dec. in the # day tyme. 1669, Dec. - S=r= David Achmowty, in the parish of # Markinshe, depairted owt of this life att ...... on the Border; haveing gone ther # some weikes before, for feare of caption be his creditors, and was # interred nire to the place. 1669, Dec. - Yowng Kirkforther maried ...... [\Constable # Bethia Ramsay\] a Lowthian gentelwoman,

for his second lady. Jan. 10, 1670, she came home to # Kirkforther. 1669, Dec. - Old Twtor Weyms in Fyffe, depairted owt of # this life att his dwelling howse, and was interred the .. of Dec. 1669. [}1670.}] 1670, Jan. 10 - The old Lady Balbirny in Fyffe, surnamed # Arnot, depairted owt of this life att Balbirny, and was interred at Markinsh # kirke, the 14 of Jan. in the day tyme. She dyed of flwx. 1670, Jan. 11. - Yowng Balfarge, surnamed Weyms, in the said # parish, maried Ann Aytown, the Laird of Aytown his second dawghter; # the mariage feast stood att Aytown, in hir fathers howse. 1670, Jan 14. - Mr Hannah, one of the ministers in Edb. # maried Helen Lundin, the old Lady Achtermairny in Fyffe, surnamed Law, hir # second dawghter. They were maried privatly in Leith, withowt # proclamation. That night they supped qwietly att Jean Jafras in Edb. the # Lady Achtermairnys qwarter for the tyme, and the nixt day went home to his owne # lodging. This mariage was accomplished after a short resolution; for # that same day fowrtnight after he saw hir he was wedded to hir. He # told he stood not vpon hir portion, for he said he was content to take # hir although she had nothing. 1670, Jan. 15. - Be proclamation, be act of cownsell att # Edb. the dollars, comonly called the (^Leg dollars^) , were cryed downe to 56s. # wheras formerly they went for 58s.; which mead a great owtcrying among the # merchants att Edb. and others. 1670, Jan. 18. - The Lord Drwmond, the E=r=. of Pearths # aparent aire, maried Lady .... [\Constable Jean\] Dowglas, the Marqwis of # Dowglas his sister; the mariage feast stood in the Abay att Edb. 1670, Jan. - The E=r=. of Tullibardin, surnamed Mwrray, in # Pearthshyre, being ane old man, depairted owt of this life att # Tullibairdin, and was interred the ........ He dyed without any ishue of his owne body. 1670, Jan. 28, being Fryday, - the E=r=. of Argylle, # surnamed Cambpell, who first maried the E=r=. of Mwrrays dawghter, att that tyme # maried La.

Ann Makkenzie, the Lady Balcarres in Fyffe, for his second # lady; the mariage feast stood att Balcarres. They were maried be Mr Da. Forret # withowt proclamation, be vertew of ane order from Mr Sharpe, Archb. of # St Androws. 1670, Feb. 10. - S=r= James Lumsdaine, yo. of Endergailly in # Fyffe, depairted owt of this life att Endergailly in his fathers howse, and was # interred the 22 of Feb. att Kilrinny, in the day tyme. 1670, Mar. 8. - The Lord Lindsy in Fyffe, the E=r=. of # Crawforts eldest son, maried La. ...... [\Constable Mary\] Jonston, the E=r=. # of Hartfells dawghter. They were maried privatly att Leith, be ane order from the bishope; none # of the pairtys parents, as was comonly asserted, being satisfied therwith. 1670, Mar 25. - The Lord Kinglassie in Fyffe, surnamed # Aytown, being ane old man, depairted owt of this life att Kinglassie, and # was interred att his parish kirke the 30 of Mar. in the day tyme. He dyed # withowt any cheldren of his owne body, and left his inheritance to Mr # James Allexander, leatlie regent att St Androws, his ladys sisters son, who # maried Rachell Aytown, Kinnady his brother, his second dawghter. 1670, Apr. 2. - Abowt night, Captaine Robert Hovey, the # deceasset Doctor Hovey att St Androws his only son, depairted owt of this life # att Yorke in England, and was interred ther the 4 of Apr. in the day # tyme. 1670, Apr. 8, being Fryday, - one Andro Smith, who formerlie # lived in Dundie, and then being cooke to John Gibson of Dwry in Fyffe, # went downe to Leven with John Wobster, the said Dwry his stewart, who # comeing backe in the evening toward Dwry, in the way he left the said Jh. # Wobster, and said he was off the way; and turning asyde a litell from # him, fell in a coall pott and drowned, wither a sett [\purpose\] the Lord # knowes. The nixt day he was taken owt and intered. It was affirmed be # some, that

some dayes before he was nire a fitt of distraction; for, # comeing in to the woman howse ther, one of the women looked to his hand, and # said he had a trim hand. He replyed, for als a trim a hand it was, ther # was ane ill turne in his hand. And be others, that comeing by some one or other # that was beaken bread, he lookes in to the water that was standing by # hir, and said to the woman, that iff she knew what was in the water she wold # beake none with itt; for in itt he saw both heaven and hell, and that # hell was full of persons, and that ther was bot few that went to heaven. 1670, Apr. 11. - One Major Weyer, who lived in Edb. who had # some allowance from the towne, for waiting or otherways, being ane old man, about 75 or 76 yeirs of age, was brunt att the Gallo-lay, # betwixt Leith and Edb. for incest with his sister, beastialitie in laying with # beasts, etc. He confest he had lyen with his sister, who was maried to # another, since she was 16 yeirs of age, and had layin with beasts divers tymes, etc. # He was one that had a great profession, and keiped divers of the # conventicals att Edb. He wold not suffer the ministers to spake or pray for him # (nether wold he seike Gods mercy; bot when he was forced to doe it, he # said,"And now what better am I?") And Apr. 12, being Twesday, his sister # [\Jean\] Weyer, being abowt or more then 60 yeirs of age, was hanged att Edb. # She confest insest, witchcraft, etc. On the scafold she cast away hir # mantell, hir gown tayle, and was purposed, as was sayde, to cast of all hir # clothes before all the multitude; bot Baylie Oliphant, to whom the businese # was intrusted, stoped the same, and commanded the execwtioner to doe his # office. Bot whille he was abowt to throw hir ovir the leather, she smote # the execwtioner on the cheike; and hir hands not being tyed when she was # throwen ovir, she labored to recover hir selfe, and put in hir head betwixt # two of the steps of the leather, and keiped that powster for atyme, till she # was put from itt. They dyed both impenitent persons, as was supposed be the # standers by. 1670, Apr. 12. - The Laird of Haining, surnamed [\Pringle,\] # his horse caried the day att Cwpar race the said yeire; and Bandocks # horse the second day. 1670, Apr. 13. - The diocesian synod satt att St Androws, # where the Archb. Mr Sharpe was moderatowr, and Mr G. Ogilvie clerke. # They revised the presbetrie bookes, and other synodicall businese, and # dissolved the day following, according to ther custome. 1670, Apr. 17, being the Sabath, - Doctor Mairtin of # Strahendry in Fyffe, depairted owt of this life att Strahendry. For the space of 5 # or 6 yeirs he

was not abell to travell abroad, and interred the 25 of Apr. # att Lesly kirke, in the day tyme. 1670, Apr. 30, being Saturns day, - John Drwmond, the E=r=. # of Pearths second son, maried Sophia Lundin, the heretrix of Lundin in Fyffe. # They were maried att Largo kirke be Mr John Awchinleck, m. ther, abowt 6 # a cloke att night. The Chanclowr, the E=r=. of Rothes, E=r=. of Weyms, # E=r=. of Pearth, E=r=. of Roxbwrgh, the Lord Rwthven, Lord Drwmond, Lord # Ballentine, Lord Navoy, Judge Ker, Kincraige, and divers others being present. # They were maried sudenly withowt proclamation; for on the Thursday ther # was a meiting of these formentioned persons, to try if they cowld condescend # on the terms of the contract, and on the thrid day after it was # accomplished. The mariage feast stood at Lundin. (Obs. that hir mother, Margaret # Lundin, was the heretrix of the said family in likemaner.) Att this # tyme, both the lady hir grandmother, and the lady hir mother, were living, # and had ther proportions of the fortune. His father contracted for 60 # thowsand merks Scots money, to be given in for the releife of the said # fortune, viz. 40 th. m. of it for paying of debt, and 20 th. m. of it for hir sister # Mist. Anna Lundin hir tocher, (who was after maried to Ja. Carnegy of Fineven in # July 1673.) Mar. 3. 1671, the said yo. lady was browght to bed of a # dawghter, named Anna; and Jul.22, 1672, being Moneday, Elizabeth was borne, and # baptized Jul. 27. (He was to engadge, besyde his money, for 20 thows. # merks of burden alreadie contracted to the said estaite; and the lady, # his mother on law, had libertie to burden the same with 10 tho. merks more; # and he was to have 2000 merks yeirlie of the fortune, 600 of the old # lady, and 1400 merks of his mother in law). Oct. 31, 1673, being Fryday, John # was borne, and baptized the 14 of Nov. [^THE DIARY OF ALEXANDER BRODIE OF BRODIE, MDCLII-MDCLXXX, AND OF HIS SON JAMES BRODIE OF BRODIE, MDCLXXX-MDCLXXXV. SPALDING CLUB. ABERDEEN 1863. SAMPLE 1: PP. 93.13-107.6 SAMPLE 2: PP. 309.1-323.17^]

November 8th. - John Brodie was sick of a boil; and in him # he saw much of human frailty. My soul was humbled under barrenness, # that I had not spoken a word for him, or to edify others. Lord, # pardon! Something of the Lord's dealing may be observed in the sickness which we # are liable unto. Oh that I may understand and learn, and may not # be as the beast! This day the Laird of Grange and John Forbes were agreed. # I besought the Lord that nothing might stick to me, as if any thing of # that kind were brought to pass by my skill, wisdom, or dexterity. I did # before the Lord disclaim and renounce all as being nothing, and having nothing # to boast of. I worshipped the Lord in the variety and freedom of his gifts; # that gives some the gifts of family government, which he withholds from # others; and to some to take their necessary competent use of their # substance, while others deny to themselves the things that are convenient and # necessary for them. This is his gift; and he finds the want of it, and # looks up to God, that he would supply or be in stead of it. He observes that # his heart cannot bide long at a resolution against a temptation or a sin; and, # in particular, in the matter of inordinate desires and coveting: # albeit he has seen the evil and vanity of that sin, yet, alas! how soon is # he carried away and intangled, forgetting his resolutions? Here he prayed for # Grace, more Grace, and to be prevented. Saturday, 12th November. - I had been toiling at the Stone: # ....

Thence the Lord led me to reflect on his Church, and to pray # that he would repair and make straight her walls, and bless her walls, and # erect and finish them; that there may be no enormity in them, and that they may # be for holding out ravenous, destroying beasts, and for preserving # the trees of his planting. Take pleasure in thy vineyard yet, and plant and # water and adorn it, that thou mayst delight in it, and trees may grow up # in it, both fair to look on, and fruitful; and hedge them up from the # violence of beasts. Does the poor creature take such care in the dikes and trees? # Does he promise himself a subordinate contentment and pleasure in them? And # wilt not thou much more take pleasure in thy sweet, pleasant # Garden? Wilt thou not help what is amiss in it, and dwell in it for ever? # Lord, let that which he is about be a token to him, that thou wilt yet do # that to thy kirk, which thou puttest him upon toward his natural habitation and # dwelling. Oh for faith to believe in thy name for this! and he would not # let thee go till thou blessest us. 13th November. - (\Die Dom.\) It was the great suit of the # day, and the chief errand and exercise, that the Lord would remember the # broken estate of his Church in these lands and beyond sea; and would consider # both the violence which the one is under, whereby the Gospel is suppressed, # resisted and east of, and idolatry set up; and there they have not so much # as liberty of profession, where sometimes he has had a glorious Church; and among us, # how great our confusions and darkness and differences! so that we # are like to be devoured of one another. Next, the manifold errors and # corruptions that are crept in in his worship, and no effectual means taken to # refrain and punish error and corrupt doctrine. 2, The society, fellowship, and # communion of his Churches and people broken down, our walls broken down unto the ground. # 3, The carnality of our spirits in employing and making use of # discipline, Church-judicatories and censures. Therefore, that he would heal our breaches, build up our walls, knit and unite our minds and affections in # the Lord, and for him and his truth; take away our carnality and our # looseness, dwell among us, and set up his tabernacle in these lands; may rid us # out if snares and mistakes in the matter of Ecclesiastick and Civil # Government, would [\bear\] us forth, and uphold us in this trial, until he grant # the desired issue. This evening I found deadness and indisposedness. Oh that the # Lord impute it not, and that it be no impediment in the errand of # the day to his Church or my poor soul!

14th November. - Reading Phil.iii. 9, 10, 11, 12. I desired # to be cast down under his unsensibleness, that he finds not any such # rare, transcendant excellency in the knowledge of Christ, as to count all things # but dung for him. He counts over much of other things, which is a shrewd # sign that he counts not so highly of him as he ought. Oh Lord! help and # correct this error in his judgment, affection, and practice, that he may # find that excellency in the knowledge of his name, that all things else may stink # in comparison! Want of knowledge in the cause. Oh for some increase and growth of this knowledge! V. 15. - I desired and besought the Lord to give me and his # people the understanding of that Word, "If in any thing ye be otherwise # minded, God shall reveal even this unto you." Give thy people the right # use of this Word; for it is a ground of differ .... . Here I desired to # note and write down this prayer, and these tears and observations, that # they may be as a witness betwixt God and me. In the evening my heart smote # me under Mr. .... Necessity: and I resolved, since he was serving me in some measure, I ought (nay, and, albeit he were not, I # ought) to look to his need, as unto a member and servant of Jesus Christ. 15th November. - Upon Phil. iv. 11, 12, 13. "I have learned # in whatever estate to be content. I know how to be abased, &c." My poor # soul was cast down under the corruption which I found in my heart # contrary hereto; much disquiet, strong violent lusts, inordinate desires # and affections, particularly the covetous desire .... either by removing me # from them, or them from me; that he would subdue and slay by his Grace, # and grant that he be not given up to this sin, to be conquer'd and # overcome of it. He prayed and believed on this Scripture, to be well instructed # in every estate; and, if it had been lawful, he desired to disclaim, nay, and # inclin'd to promise against .... . 17th. - I went to King-edward, and observed the Lord's # Providence in dissolving my bargain with John, that thereby he might [\be\] # rid of some impediments, which give occasion of more free exercise of # tenderness to the poor tenants; and he, in the sense of goodness in it, # worshipped and prayed for strength to improve it. 20th. - (\Die Dom.\) It was the exercise of the day, to be # humbled under the blasphemous raging of the poor man David, who by his # hideous and

blasphemies deafen'd and fill'd my ears. Oh Lord! how much # wrath and sadness is in this matter! sanctify this ,and pardon for the # Lord's sake. Further, in regard of the times and relations he stood in, # that he might be guided in his paths, and fill'd not with politick or carnal, # but spiritual wisdom and understanding; to be well-pleasing to him in all things, # and be strengthened. He sought for Grace to be fitted for suffering. # He besought the Lord for direction in disposing of his son, to what place # he thought fittest, and might be for his glory and their good; and # desired to be humbled under family sins and impenitency; most not repenting, or but # unsoundly repenting them of their evil ways. The Minister, from Herod's # family, spoke seasonably, in exhorting to diligence and care over his # family; and he adored and worshipped the Lord, whose message it was. In the Evening I called for my Son, and exhorted and # admonished him to self-trial, and to more exactness, sincerity and watchfulness # over his heart and thoughts than ever. He read Jer. xl. The pride and # commotion of Ishmael, and his murder of Gedaliah, and taking the Jews # captive to the Ammonites; and desired to remark that passage, for it seems a # warning, that the poor people of Scotland may be put to suffer harder # things from their own countrymen, than they have done from strangers. # Lord! fit them and me for it. Their discontentedness to submit to Babylon, # and their carriage seems to represent .... . 21st. - H. Stewart was buried; on which occasions I # besought the Lord to sanctify that object and warning of mortality to me, for my # preparation for death. At night I called for my daughter Grissel; and, # after sad and grave admonition, reproof and warning, she entred on a new # engagement, as follows. [\It is written and subscribed with her own hand\] # "This night my Father carried me before God for my forgetting the # resolutions and promises which I made lately to God. I did confess and take with my # hainous guiltiness, and promised yet again to bewail it and mourn for # it before God; in p[{articular{] I confess my .... . [\Here she makes a # particular enumeration of her sins.\] This night I purposed against these # things, and every one of them; and will beseech the Lord's strength # and grace for that effect, and that for my former dealing with him would not # forsake me, but would forgive and heal for his own name's sake. For # this end I employ, and believe in, the Lord Jesus Christ for # all-sufficient Grace, without

whom I can do nothing: and, that this night may be remembred, # and my renewed promises (L.L.) [\I subscribe\] this, that it may be # a witness for ever against me in this world, and at the Day of Judgment # in the World to come. GRISSEL BRODIE." I closed this exercise with supplication; wherein the Lord # most sensibly and comfortably assisted me: which I took as a token, that he # would either hear me in the particular, or else would accept of me, and of # my desire to honour him in my poor children. 24th. - For this cause he was bowed down and abased, and # sought to have the spirit of constancy, fortitude, discerning, and of a # sound mind poured forth; that, in time of the Church's trial, he be not like a # beast, all dried up. This is more grievous than all that can befal him. # Deliver him from carnal counsel, and let him not be saved by it, but by the # name of the Lord. Alas, he despaired of seeing the breaches of Scotland and # England made up, and of seeing a settled estate of his Church in these # lands, go matters as they will! Oh Lord! tho' it should be thus, keep him from # despair, and every wrong way. Lead him in thy way, albeit he should # sacrifice his life in it. Oh this is a blind prayer, albeit in some measure from # his heart! 27th. - (\Die Sab.\) It was the great errand of this day, to # be humbled under his unstedfastness of mind, ignorance, unsettledness, # wavering, learning to his own understanding; therefore besought the Lord for more # understanding and light for the right ordering of his ways, in a dark, evil, # slippery time. Oh the need he stands [\in\] of thy inlightning, # quickning, confirming Grace! Lord! remember the trial of thy poor Church in these lands, that our dfferences may bring forth some advantage to # religion and thy work, and may not end in a perpetual confusion and # disorder, and utter darkness. Oh Lord! prevent. He desired to be humbled under his # barrenness, and the ineffectualness of the word in private and publick. Oh Lord! let him find it the Word of Life, and let more life be # in it towards him, from and thro' the Lord Jesus his Lord! Give a door of # utterance, and much of thy Spirit and blessing, to him that is sent to us # this day, and to thy ordinance among us, and in every congregation in the # land. 29th November, 1653. - My son and nephew went to the # College, and were uncertain which way or to what place to go. I committed # them to the Lord's Providence, and believed in his name for mercy and # direction to them. I did myself go towards Elgine about the Valuations; and # my heart

was afraid of miscarrying, blind, partial, unjust judging: # Lord! discover covetousness, or any seed of unrighteousness in that matter, # and prevent him. His heart was loose, unsavoury and dull and earthly this # morning; and he desired to be cast down under that exercise, which, # thro' heaviness and slight going about thy worship, he had brought on his # soul, and grieved thy Spirit. Lord! for pardon, and the visitation of thy # people! He was cast down under his darkness and indifferency, and the trials # of the time, and differences of the Lord's people. Help in this matter to # get thy mind and his heart brought to conformity with thy mind. Lead him, # thou that guidest the blind by a way that they know not. He observed the Lord's Providence anent Thomas M'Phearson, # who was like to prove for little use; and by that the Lord shewed his # thoughts were not mine. Help my soul to adore and worship and see and follow # thee in this teaching Providence. 3rd December. - My soul was afflicted under the .... . He # was humbled in the evening, and desired to set his heart in the # day following to seek the Lord earnestly. 1, For strength against the security # and deadness that was creeping on; for he is in danger to be overwhelm'd # with it, if the Lord prevent not. 2, That he may know the time and season, so # far as not to be ignorant of the Lord's will to him and to his people and # the land. It is thy wisdom to keep up periods, and determin'd things to # come, and events, from him; but it is thy will that he should understand thy # works, so far as to learn thy will and his duty. Lord! teach. 3, Lord, he # seems to fare the worse, since the child went .... , both in the barrenness and # dryness of his heart in reading the word, and in supplication also. # Help and quicken; quicken these that join with him, and quicken his # Spirit for thy name[\'s sake\] . 4th. - (\Die Dom.\) Reading 1 Thess. v. 1, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, # he found the Lord merciful in offering that passage for his present secure # sleeping condition, that he may be awakened out of sleep, and walk as a child of # the day, and prepare for the day of the Lord, because he knows not the # time; therefore to watch, and consider, that he sleep not, nor his feet slip # not; but walk as in the day: "For they that sleep, sleep in the night, # and they that are drunk, are drunk in the night;" but I, being of the day, # should be sober. Lord! give of this spirit of sobriety. I observed that the # Lord (as soon as be intended to humble himself, and to seek him with all his # heart against

deadness, and the desertion that he was under) did prevent # him; and, in the evening before the day appointed for the exercise, the # Lord did in some measure loose his bands; therefore he desired to mingle # thankfulness with his supplications and the duties of the day, and to insist # with [\the\] Lord against heart-habitual security, and for discerning the times, # and to be stirred up to watchfulness and sobriety, that his feet slide not; and # for mercy to these that are weak, dull, ignorant, refractory among us in # the family, that they may be quickned and healed and turned; and all thro' # Jesus Christ. Lord! point out, and stir up to, the particular duties # in which he is wanting towards this people, and lead him in thy way, that # thou mayest do their souls good; but let him not ascribe any thing to # means, or to himself; for he fears that does hinder thy blessing. Lord! sanctify to # us the sad affliction of the poor distracted man among us, whose # distemper was yesterday at a great height of blaspheming and execration. In # the evening he was desirous to be much humbled under the wandring thoughts # and and unstedfastness of the day, and besought the Lord to # pardon, and not to turn away his ear from my prayer. Matth. xiv. - He resolved solemnly against all liberty; # that he would not take the liberty he had done, in fostering or countenancing # carnal mirth, or looking upon it with delight. For the sins of children are the # parent's sin and punishment; therefore he cries to thee for mercy in thy # Son to him self .... . 10th December. - I purposed in the day following to set # myself apart to seek the Lord for this, that he would cause the Gospel to # have a full and free course, as in the lands and places where it is not # received, so particularly in this poor country; and would remove the impediments, # whether guiltiness in us, or external, from these that should further # it. 11th December. - At the entring to prayer, I found much # desertion; and when I arose and read the Protester's letter, I found the # subject thereof to be the same with the work of my spirit to-day; the gaining of # souls, and progress of the Gospel; and therefore was confirmed in the # necessity of this duty, especially in this place, which is dry, while other # places are wet. They appoint a Fast third Sabbath of January, and the Wednesday # thereafter for Thanksgiving, and for supplication and humiliation under # the stop that the Gospel meets with by the want of purging. Their next # meeting is in second Tuesday of March next, for a Report of Overtures.

13th. - We met in Forres about Janet's marriage; and, # enquiring severally what might be the Lord's mind to us in that matter, we all # unanimously resolved, albeit there was matter of affliction and exercise # in it, in the distance and separation from us, yet it might prove to the # honour of God and her good; and next, we knew not for what end the Lord # sent her thither, but believed in his name and Providence, that it was # for his own glory; and therefore we resigned our will to God, and gave up # our interests, and what was dear to us in that matter, as a sacrifice, an # Isaac to God; and so committed the prosecution of it to the Lord, and to # what means he thought fit. He observed this day a very cross Providence # in our design for Mr. William Weir; for after that I had written my letters, # upon the uncertainty of the Earl of Murray's going South, I was # forced to change all again. He adored and besought the Lord in this, that he # would turn this to good; and would, by whom it seems good to him, visit # this poor dry place, and make the savour of Christ more fragrant, strong and # precious among us, like ointment, to draw many. 16th. - He was much exercised with desertion and deadness; # partly arising from loose and careless walking, irreverent and # inconsiderate drawing near to God, pride, grieving his Spirit; partly to bear down # his insolence and arrogance, that cannot bear much, and is apt to # put duties in Christ's stead: therefore the Lord finds it necessary thus # to exercise and humble, that he may be nothing, and base in himself, and the # Lord Jesus may be all. But oh, alas, how ill is he to learn this! In # prayer he had an expression, that his delight in his commands, and in obeying, # was as sweet as any promise or reward; and the best part of heaven would be # grace made perfect, obedience to the will of God perfected; and he # rejoiced in this. Further, that wicked men had never, nor found they so # much false pleasure in sin, as we had time, pleasure, and joy in his # service, and in enjoying him a moment. Oh Lord! how far from the practice and reality of this, albeit praying for it, and professing it to # be thus! Oh! when will he fulfil his profession, and come up to that which # he prays for and professes. This evening, with Janet, we wondred at the snares which a # christian had to pass, even when he had overcome lusts and carnal # desires. Oh the danger of spiritual temptations, vain imaginations, # will-worship, errors in his mind, spiritual pride, not holding by the word. Oh Lord! # when my

soul shall once land on the other side, and have a foot on the # bank upon the good land, and be set safe there within the port; how shall I # look back and praise! How fit shalt thou make him to praise, albeit now # distempered! We concluded, we are apt to fall in many temptations when we # were under the influence of spiritual inlargements, and never in more # danger than at that time. We must not put off prayer or duties, albeit not # inlarged or assisted to them. We must not walk by sense, but by faith; # loosness hath many fair pretexts, but ends in utter desertion. We must guard # against spiritual evils, pride, contempt of others, loosness and # liberty, or dispensing with ourselves in duties; and, on the other hand, must not # rest "in bodily exercises which profit little," but study to godliness. Lord! # guard, stir up, and be thou surety for him. Upon 1 Tim. iv. 2, 8, he desired to be kept and guarded # against speaking lies in hypocrisy, and a feared conscience. Further, to see # his aptness to trust something to bodily exercise, as if godliness did # consist therein; neglecting true piety towards God, which consists in the # exercise of faith in Christ, for daily growth in sanctification and # mortification thro' the Spirit, patience, self-denial, approving himself to God, # walking in his love and in obedience; weaned more from the world and sensual # things, and from covetousness, and love of vanity and creatures. Oh Lord! # prevent, and heal, and build up, for thy name's sake. December 19th, 1653. - This night Mr. William Ross, after # serious consideration of the necessity and usefulness of the duty, did freely desire # to renounce himself, and to give up himself, soul, mind, body, # spirit, parts, abilities, learning, and all he had or should attain unto, to # the Lord; and consecrated, vowed, and bound himself to the Lord for all his # lifetime; and, in the faith of the Lord's strength and grace, did roll over # his soul's case on God, and besought the Lord only to accept, and to put to his # seal, and to become his God, his all-sufficient God; and did take the Lord # witness hereof before me, and subscribed this with his heart and hand. M. W. Ross. December 20th. - I read 1 Tim. vi.1,2, and desired to adore # the Lord in his wisdom, that had made religion and christianity in # servants no exemption from their duty, subjection, obedience, and # reverence to superiors, both rulers and masters. Oh Lord! how contrary is this to our # wisdom, that are apt to think that religion looses from these, and # gives more liberty?

In the evening he read v. 6, to 11, and there found the very # idol of his heart described. He worships the Lord in his spirit for this # night's warning against covetousness and love of riches, which is the root of # all evil, and has drowned many in perdition. Lord! I desire to believe in # thy name for Grace against the sin, and against the temptations, and # snares, and dangers which this sin leads and draws unto, and has caused many to # err from the Faith, and pierced themselves through with many sorrows. If I # be the Man of God, and the Lord's servant, oh how unmeet is it that I # should serve or be subject to base lusts? "Lord! I am thine; save me!" 23rd. - I was at Innes; and in deliberating upon their # affairs, beside any external cause, I did perswade them to look to God from whom # the distress did come. It was not out of the dust; therefore other means # would be in vain, till this were begun at. Therefore, to labour to humble # themselves under his hand; and to beseech him to turn away his # displeasure, to sanctify the rod, discover the causes why he thus exercises; and that # he may remove it, if it seem good to him, in his own time: or otherwise to # teach and instruct them by it, that they may profit to his glory and their good. 25th. - (\Die Dom.\) He desired to intreat the Lord for # mercy to his soul, that he might not shift his duty, or be ashamed of the Lord in # any day of trial; but he may be furnished with might and power from the # Holy Ghost in the inner man, to the contempt of danger and loss, and to # the unfeigned love of the Lord and his truth, and to be guided in it. Next, # for mercy to his family, that it might have the blessing of Onesiphorus his # family; that his children may be entailed to the Lord, and that they may # worship and serve the God of their fathers with a pure conscience. Lord! # thou wast his father's and forefathers' God, and thou art and hast been # his God. Oh that thy mercy, and kindness, and covenant, may be extended to # the offspring, to his children, and the generation rising up; and free Grace # in Christ make up the want of love and service to his poor # children! Further, in the matter of his going south with E.M., and his affairs do # seem to call him. He desires a heart sacrificed and addicted to the will # and mind of God in this, to be led upon his duty, if any duty ly on him to # that man whose Curator he is; by thee, by thee only, he desires to go # and come. December 25th. - This day at even I did begin to read over # this book, and the exercises which his spirit had been under in former # times, and ... .

26th. - Alas! this evening the poor child Sandie did fall # down stairs, to the utter hazard of his life. Oh Lord! how soon are our # greatest comforts darkned and eclipsed! How moderate should our expectations # and joys be of creature-hopes! Oh the rich and merciful Providence of God, # that he was [\not\] taken up dead quite; that he lives! And, if he recover, # shall it not be as given from the dead again? My soul besought the Lord for # him, that he might be restored, and be yet for farther service and use, # and for the parents comfort and ours in the Lord. Say, Lord! that thou # hearest in bringing up this child. Oh Lord! discover my sin, and my # mother's, or the family's or the parents; and teach us by this providence! # Lord! let it be a sign and pawn of much more mercy to that poor child, of the # good thou wilt do to him another day! And he desires to take it so. 28th. - Captain Dundas came to me from Colonel Blunt, # anent my arms. I writ sparingly, but in the Shire's letters, and in that # thought it was no duty, but might prove a snare and sin to these that are in # arms, being the oft branded enemies of God and his people; and therefore # said, he durst not help them, or strengthen their hands. Dundas told me that, on # the Act anent Ministers, the Parliament was broke up again, and had # resigned their power in the General's hands. Oh the wisdom of God! Oh the # depths of his Providences! Oh so shallow as his understanding is, to # conceive of these his strange works! Psal. xvii. 4. - "Concerning the works of men, by the words # of thy mouth thou hast kept me from the paths of the destroyers" This # unsearchable Providence of God is beyond all my understanding. Oh Lord! # teach, guide his spirit in the understanding of these things, and # confirm against staggering! This evening, being desired to go to Petty to the # Earl of M[\uray\] , I commended my way to God. December 27th. - the greatest tide and overflowing was of # the sea that has been seen these 40 years. 19th day of the month, it went # over the works in Inverness, and the highway there, almost to the top # of the bridge, and in Findhorn took away some houses, as they said. 29th and # 30th, I was taken away with company so much, that private exercise and # fellowship with God was interrupted. This, this was matter of # humiliation; and I desire to resolve in his strength against it, and not to give # place so much to company.

31st. - Spynie moved to put Mr. John Urquhart to the Earl # of Murray's; but, in regard of the expedience to put him to the College, I # thought it was most convenient he should go there; but desired direction # of the Lord. I was this day humbled under the Lord's Providence, in # suffering Mr Colin Campbell as well as the rest to fall in Aberdeen, and not to # go to St. Andrew's, which I did so earnestly desire. Oh Lord! turn this to their good, and let it not be a snare to them, which I fear! 31st. - I desired to begin the next year, as with an # unfeigned acknowledgment of his ignorance, and impurity, and unsoundness of mind, so # with supplication to God against these evil lusts; and desire # strength in faith to lay forth, offer and hold up his heart and mind to the Lord, # to receive of his oil and anointing, that in the year to come, and through the # course of his life, his judgment and affections may be guided in the # unfeigned love of God and his Truth. As a new-born babe, he desires on the first day # of the new year to be accepted in Christ Jesus, who gave himself for me. # And now I desire to return my soul and mind in an offering to God, as a # New Year's gift. Oh Lord! the hearing and accepting of his desire and aim # were a new gift indeed! Let thy Grace be renewed with the year, for # all the exigencies of these perilous difficult times, that he may not swere or # wander, or walk loosly, either by rules of carnal wisdom or vain # imaginations, but walk in the name of Lord his God for ever! Oh Lord! I am # almost off my feet; the strange revolutions do so astonish, and # amaze, and damish [\damp\] his mind; but thou hast said, "Whoso is wise, shall # understand these things; prudent, and he shall know them: For the ways of the # Lord are right, and the just shall walk in them; but the transgressors # shall fall therein." January 1st, 1654. - this day his sou desired to follow out # what he intended yesternight, in offering up his mind, and will, and # spirit, to be taught and led by the Lord; and to renounce all other carnal # rules, or wrong guides. Oh the confusion that his soul was in # [\on reading\] 1 Tim. iii. The fountain of all the evil which he feared was from unpurged # out love of himself, and covetousness; and therefore besought the Lord # against these,

that they might not blind his mind, and corrupt and win in # [\gain ground\] on his affections. Notwithstanding his fear, suspicion, and # jealousy this day; yet, Oh Lord! reject not, but make good and confirm the # request, and accept of the free-will offering of his heart this day, # that for this year, and all his lifetime, he may continue and remain thine, under # thy law and thy effectual teaching, built on thy sure word, that he stray # not! In the evening he read Mat. xiv. 22, upon the preposterous carnal # affection of that people that would have made Christ a King; and from this # drew forth the evil that honest good affections may lead poor souls into, # when they are not well directed and guided by the word. Never person so fit # to be a king, and so well gifted for it, and such a friend to the # kirk, and to religion; yet he refused it, and shewed that his kingdom was spiritual. # Much of this evil is in our head. He looked to God for the acceptance of # this day's offering, and granting of this day's prayer. He heard of the Highlanders' forces approaching, and that # they had a purpose to seize his person. He desired only to flee in to # God, to be found walking in his way, and he should not be moved at any such # tidings. He feared no tidings, except the misgiving, and deceit, and # declining, carnal inclinations and designs, overtures, and reasonings of his # heart. Secure from this, Oh Lord! and do with him what seems good to thee. # He desired this evening to disclaim any safety he might get by carnal # compliance, protection from them, or such like; but that all his safety # may be from, in, and to the Lord; that his heart may be guided and kept in the # love of God, and due hatred of every appearance of evil. 5th. - This day, apprehending the coming down of these men # from Duthel, as was reported, he desired of the Lord to be # instructed, and furnished with resolution, how far to proceed with these men, and where # to stand; for he was jealous of the facilness, unsoundness, and # self-love of the heart, which, for avoiding trouble, might flatter and stretch # itself beyond measure, to please and comply with these men. Help him to take # their cause and their persons up aright; for they appear not to # him. After humiliation before God, this was the only resolution, that he should not # walk in any crafty, deceitful, carnal, double way; but in a plain, # sincere, single way: and, if he were destroyed, let him be destroyed. Lord, he # subscribes to

this with his whole heart: seal thou it to his soul! 2, Next, # Lord, this is not enough, for ignorance and simplicity may misguide him, # even when he is single. Lord, he depends on thee for light and strength, to # be guided in thy truth, that in thy time thou wilt give a proof of thy # love; and that he may know by his obedience, that his soul loves, and cleaves # to, and believes in thee. This night he received Waristoun's Letters of the 16th # December in answer to mine, and remembered my dream. I desired to be # humbled under the admonitions and warning therein against loosing # from former principles, and closing with one or other. He heard that # Cromwell was declared Protector of these Three Nations with great # solemnity; and that for his lifetime. He adored the Lord, and wondered, and desired to # stoop down and consider the depth of the Lord's wisdom, and his # strange works, which are past finding out; and besought the Lord to teach him # that which he knows not. Every Thursday to remember W. and these with # him. 6th. - Hearing of the approach of Glencairn and his forces, # his heart grew like a stone, stupid, and without any motion, or life of # God. He was confused in his resolution, not knowing if it were safest and # freest from temptations, to stay at home, or to withdraw to the south or # north. Being plunged in this darkness, and not knowing what to follow, he # desired to mourn and be cast down before the Lord, as a little child; # and to hold up his will and mind unto him, to learn the present duty. Lord, # stir up, and dispel the confusions and darkness on his mind, and make his # path plain before him. Help him to exercise faith in thy name, for the # present strait. Sanctify the word of thy providence to his soul this evening, # 1 John ii., 15, 16, 17, that the love of the world may not secretly and # insensibly sway his mind, and blind, and mislead; but he may purely see thee, # that art the light; for where the love of the world is, there is not the # love of God. As David said of Keilah, Will they give him up or not?" So, # Lord, he desires to enqure anent his stay here; or shall he remove # or not?

Give forth and signify thy will, for he believes in thy name # for this particular. 7th. - He writ his answer to Waristoun, and told him he # feared a sorer evil than the taking away of goods or life; and desired his # remembrance . L. Strathnaver came. He read 1 John ii. 24, 27, and prays that # that word which he heard from the beginning might abide in him.

1671. Januarie 14. - Ther was an storm of wind and rain. I # did see the bruitishness of men, and desird to be affected with it; # and the abuses at thes peni mariages, and desird to hav it rectified. But I am # infected as others ar, and ani thing that makes gain to a tenant, I am # redi to compli with it. 16. - This day I did again meit with Grang and Innes, at # Forres; but the Lord, in his providence, maid us meit with new impediments # by Gulloden his absence, and Kilr=s= [\Kilraok's\] ... I had sharp # expostulations with Grang for his deceitful dealing in the bargain. 17. - I heard from Edinburgh how neir the Bishop Leighton # and the Nonconformists wer aggreid as to meeting. Lord! ordour it # in merci for the good of Thy kirk. 18. - This day the Presbytry met at Dyk for trying Mr. Jhon # Falconer. He seimd to hav som measur of knowledg and fitnes. I durst not # oppos him, but consented. Let the Lord ordour it in merci to the yong # and old, that the generations rising up may be blest in it, and God be # honoured. 25. - I heard from Mr. Wm. Ross; and he had mani scruples # anent Aldern. 27. - I spok to Mr. Wm. Ros of the presentation, and I find # he was not unwilling; but he was kept back by the titl of the digniti; # fear that the parish would not giv a cal and concurrence, nor the Bishop giv # a free admission. I durst not press him, but exprest my desir to # further him, if he had freedom. ... I did efternoon speek with Mr. Jhon # Falconer, and warnd and exhorted him. Lord! Thou hast the key that opens; # Thou baptises with the Holy Ghost. 30. - I did confer with Mr. Wm. Ros anent the presentation # to Aldern, and found he might inclin to it, and come ouer al scrupls. # But I durst not adviz him to tak the titl and digniti, nor to giv ani oath to # the Bishop. Therfor he writ to Grang to sie if that might be dispend with. # ... I admonished and reprovd Mr. Willim for what I heard of him, as # the Lord gav me utteranc. Oh! I see my frailti and unstedfastnes in # him. Febr. 20. - My son did goe to Penick. I did cal for Mr. Jhon # Falconer, at Dyk, and spok to him as the Lord gave me utteranc; enquird # if he wer born again, how it stood betwixt God and him, exhorted him to # tri his estat, that he beguil not his oun soul. The tyms ar ill; godlines # litl regarded;

civiliti is not godlines; he would need som thing els. He # said he had caus to search, and promisd to enter in a mor serious consideration # of his estat, and to be mor diligent. He prayed, and departed. Had thoghts # of exhorting him to com under personal covenanting with God, and giving up # himself to Him. 23. - I reaceavd from Edinburgh that Park was maried. He # answerd me veri generalli to what I had wrytten and offerd to him. 26. - (\Die Dom.\) I spok a word this night to the children, # Cath. and Eliz=t.= , and Cath. Dunbar, and enquird at them if they desird to serv # a good master, and wer they willing to giv up themselvs, soul and bodie, to # God, to tak him to be ther father, ther master, ther God, and to ingadg # themselves to be his children, to doe his wil, that he may serv himself of them # qhuilst they lived in the world. They profesd they desird it, and wer willing. I # desird them to consider weil of it, that they may never draw back or # repent of it. They wer the Lord's alreadi. He had right to them by purchas, by # creation, by his providence, by the covenant of ther baptism, and by the # gift that ther parents had mad of them to him. They gav nothing of ther oun # to him, but that which was his alreadi and dear boght and payd for. I # leave this on Thee, to seal it on ther harts. 28. - I heard a report that Park was under som troubl for # marying by an unconform minister. I desird to be affected with ani thing # that befel him. March 6. - I did goe to Penick with my son, and ended som # bargains; and therafter went up to Leathin, and met with Calder and our # friends anent Marg=t.= Hay and Francis his marriage. Ther wer stops in it. # Lord! ordour them to good. But they cam to some close, but with som humour. # I was verie earnest to have the conditions moderat, which he gave. 12. - (\Die Dom.\) I heard Thornhil died this morning. 22. - I denuded myself of the sheriff's estat this day to # himself. I feard inconvenienc becaus it did bear for sumons of money; and # I had noe thing but a trust. Let not this be my hurt or a snar. 26. - (\Die Dom.\) I found much corruption, and unsoundnes, # darknes. .... This, and the cace of Aldern and Dyk, was my sor burthen. # That the Lord

would shyn in on this dark plac, and breath on thes dead # bodies, is one of the great desirs of my hart. 27. - I kept at Forres betwixt the children of Thornhil, # and did see how carnal affections and self lov blinds and divids the most neer # relations. Our meiting did not tak the effect we desired at this tyme. April 1. - Mr. Jhon M'Culiken was heir, going to Aberdeen, # about his sone. 2. - (\Die Dom.\) I desir to be affected with the witherd # and dri stat of Dyk and Aldern. Oh! does ther fall ani rain upon them? 4. - We did meit at Forres anent the publick matters of the # shyr. I was feard for snares, either partialiti or passion; but albeit # ther be noe cleannes, I found the Lord preventing me. The E. of M. was aswagd # somthing of his fume. It was laid on me to ordour the rolls, and I # found injustic in the laying on som parishes (for easing Innes) mor then ther # proportion, but it was under pretext that they wer much easd by what they had # bein befor. I doubt of my oun consenting to it, the sinfulnes of it; but I # am readi to flatter myself as innocent, quhen yet I giv way. 8. - Calder cam heir. He heard of the death of his # cousin-german, Mr. Colin Campbel. I heard of acts preparing in Ingland against # Nonconformists. Lord! ouer rul thes acts and lawes. 11. - I was cald to Granghil, to see my grandchild, Mari # Dunbar, under heavi sicknes. But I had comfort by her, in seeing som seids # of the grac of God in her, beyond her age, or the means she has had. Oh! so # fre as His grac is. For this I bles Him. ... I prayed at her desir. ... 12. - This day Francis and Marg=t.= Hay wer maried. 13. - I visited Mr. Ja. Urquhart, who was under some # infirmiti. ... This day ther did fall out a remarkabl accident, neuer to # be forgoten. The drawbridg at Calder fell, carying in a great # stone, and with it 24 men, and the Laird himself. Some wer hurt; and I desird to # observ to the prais of God and his merciful providenc. I besoght the # Lord to teach that yong man quhom it concerned, what his mind was by this # providence. ... 15. - Baili Brodi staid heir, and the Sherif cam, and spok # of his effairs. I find he is danger to lose throgh self lov, passions, reveng. # I spok to him as the Lord gave utteranc, and warnd him against # vindictivness, and byends

injustic, and against covetousnes, and making benefit by the # poor peopl. He thankd me, and promisd. 17. - Dr. Gordon, Brey, Petgauni, cam heir. I profited litl. # Brea said that the curats wer wors then ... men, nay, then Pharisees, # Pilat, or thes that crucified the Lord. I exprest my dislyk of that # expression. I heard of the death of Lochinzeal, in the L. Argyl's # house, slain, as is thought, by Colonel Jams Menzies. 19. - I heard of the death of the Duke of York; the E. of # Panmoor; the good laird of Cuninghamhead; the L. Colvil Eagel. # Sanctifie thes warnings to me. 20. - This day I spent with the children of Saltoun. ... The # chaplain, Mr. John Buchan, prayd in the famili. 21. - I spok litl to them of God. ... Altyr cam in this way. # The strangers returned. I found bodili distemper. ... I spoke to # Mr. Jhon Buchan anent the children. ... This night, Marg=t.= Brodi of # Teri was deliverd of her daughter. 32. - I heard of Sir Jhon Gilmor's distemper and sicknes; # Sir Lod. Gordoun's sicknes; the justices commission to tri and punish # nonconformists; the fear of invasion from France; the discontents in Engl. # under burthens. 23. - (\Die Dom.\) I desired this day, under thes things # which I heard yesterday, and under the sens of my oun deadnes, declining, # the Lord withdrawing and hiding himself from me, my undescerning, # darknes, confusions, the reeling of mani, Col. Lockhart's taking the # declaration on his knees, and his rising, thos in the west desiring an island # to goe to Mari Island, assignd by the king, and under al the mani confusions, # divisions, temptation, trials, which the poor kirk of God is under in # thes lands; and the .... , and am troubld. 24. - I did not goe to the shyr's meiting, but withdrew, # becaus of the contests among them. I did spend some tym betwixt Mr. Wm. # Falconer and .... . I did see human infirmiti in them, passion, self-lov. # Oh! as I desir Thou mayst piti me, so piti thos that groan under this # burthen. Coll. Innes cam hom with me at night, and he told me he was # summoned to

Aberdeen, befor the circuit, for baptizing his child by an # deposd minister. I desird to sympathiz with him, and to hold his cace up to # God. I heard he was in strait, and I desird to be instructed by it, and to # hear burthen with him. May 7. - (\Die Dom.\) I desird to remember thes that are # suffering in this plac, and the next shyrs about: That God would over rul ther # sufferings, and turn them to his glori, and ther good and comfort, and the # good of his church. 11. - Torwoodlie cam heir. ... I was glad, and desird that # his coming, and our societi, may be sanctified. 12. - I purposd to meit the judges at Forres, this day, and # to invit them to din. 13. I did goe to Forres, and waited on the Lords, who cam # heir and dind, and mani of the gentlmen with them. Ther was plenti of outward # things; but our lyf consists not in them; yet, oh! what snares in thes # things, and apt am I to be puft up with vain glori. 14. - (\Die Dom.\) ... I heard of the death of the good Lord # Riuuen, and desird to be instructed and affected rightli by it, that good # men ar taken away; and is it not from the euil to com? Shall we not lay it # to hart? How few is ther left in this generation! I considerd how mani wer # taken away by death of the most eminent and upright, and that seuerals wer # exercisd by distemper of mind, as I heard, of Col. Straquhan, Col. Kerr, Wariston, # Mr. Dav. Douglas, Mr. Ramsey, now the L. Rivuen, W=m=. Gordon of Lunan, # Christian Russel. How mani taken away, by delusion and error, of the # most chois Christians, especiali at Aberdeen! I desir to consider this, # and to be sober. ... 17. - I heard that Torwoodlie was sickli of an excess. I did # visit him at Leathin. He and Mr. R=t.= Martin, and his wyf cam heir with me # at night. 18. - I heard of the poor men that wer fynd at Invernes, for # not hearing the present ministers. Whateuer be ther errour or darknes, # they hav mor affection, simpliciti, and honesti than I. I desir to bear # burthen with them. Oh Lord! ouer rul, and lead them out.

19. - The lords of the circuit came to Darnway. Mr. # Monipenni cam heir. torwoodlie took a litl of the exces at night. I desir to be # instructed by it, and to recommend him to God. 22. - Mr. Tho. Ross was with me. I heard and saw his lot, # and desird to understand and be instructed; grac in a great measur, with # mean natural gifts, straitnd, over-reachd with debt. I cannot enough # consider this; keep me from stumbling. ... I heard of the abomination committed by Ross of # Invercharran, with his oun daughter; that he hang'd a man; livd in adulteri. # I desired to be affected duli with this, and to be learnd how to lay it to # heart, and be exercisd under it. 23. - A poor man did meit me, which fel doun on his knees. # The dislyk of the postur did mak me hast from him, and quhen I returned, # he was gon. I was chalendgd for not supplying him. 24. - I was cald to Leathin, to see Torwoodlie. I appointed # Thursday to meit with Grang, at Forres again, if the Lord thoght fitt. I knew not what to doe with Park anent the patronag. Lord! # be my light and strength. I did visit Torwoodlie, at Leathin, and # found the distemper continu, and he was disturbd about. 25. - I was cald to Forres anent the inventaring of Grang # his wryts, and som thing was don in it. Mr. Th. Urq=t.= was, last night, with # me. I heard by him of Col. Innes' straits. I desir to be instructed by # it. ... Mr. Tho. told me of his busines with Mr. Ja. Park, and that he was to serv # inhib. [\inhibitions\] against him. I desir to be helpd to examin this, and to judg # aright. Even how thes things of the world affects the best of men. 26. - ... Ther was a poor woman taken for theft. I desir to # know what is the Lord's will in this; to pursu her to death or not, # being incorigibl, and markd for the sam crims befor. 27. - I did, at night, goe to Leathin, to see Torwoodlie. 31. - Mr. Tho. Ross cam heir. I did somthing in maiters # concerning him. He said, he as confidentli beleevd that thes min=s.= should be # thrust out as the light shind. I laid up this, and desird to be instructed. He # said, he could

not defin a tym. I durst not say soe; but I remit it to God. # He said, he approvd al that was don in the year 1649; yet could not I. # Lord! piti me. I movd two great difficulties I met with in religion. 1. To # construct and interpret God's providences aright. 2. What use wit, and # natural reason, and parts may be of in the mysteri of God; and when, and how, # and quhairin, in what caces, and how far, it is to be made use of. # We spok of the apostl Paul, the natural gifts, as weil as the # supernatural, quhairwith he was indud, the fortitud, stedfastnes, clearnes, confidenc, # patienc. June 1. - Innes, Sandsyd, Moortoun, and others, dind heir. # I did tak ouer great liberti in eating and drinking. Oh! what neid # hav I to watch! And the Word's unsauori. I heard of the death of Ladi # Castelmain: that the hous of Northumberland was extinguishd, and the estat # and honour conferd on that woman, and .... I desir to see and remark the Lord in it, and to be instructed. That Barclay was recald from # Irland: Sir Arthur Forbes and the Bishop of Dublin had commission in # his plac. I heard of other mutations up and down; that the King of # Franc had gotten Antwerp. I desir to ador God in his gouerning the # world. 2. - I spok betwix Duncan Grant and Park. But neither in # that could I effectuat ani agreement. I was burthened with the # wilfulnes of men, and reverencd God's providenc. ... Park feard that his # sister, Balnafairis wyf, might fall to be distempered. I desird to # sympathiz with her. He spok to me of the patronag, and to get ani part of Penick # he pleasd, and as if he adhered to the litl minut, notwithstanding that # he past from it. I said I perceavd he was picking a quarrel with me. I spread # the exerceis, his hart and ways, and myn, befor the Lord. 3. - Park writ to me to meit him at Penick, on Monday, and # that he would propound ouertours for keiping friendship betwix us. I # returnd answer, that nothing but our corruptions neided hinder our # friendship. The inheritanc abov was larg enough to suffic us al. Ther would # be noe enui, nor use of thes accomodations which disturbd us heir; that we had # noe less caus to long for the one, then to weari of the other. That my # friendship and lov to him should outwear houses and enjoyments heir, and the # rocks. Lord! I speak this in the singlnes of my heart Thou knows.

4. - (\Die Dom.\) I read somthing of the quaker's opinions, # and desir to be cast doun under it. This is a sore trial among others. Oh! for # the spirit of discerning, to cleav to truth, and to be deliverd from # error, and corupt reasoning, and blindnes. ... The objections I met with in # Barclay's book I spread befor God. Giv me what to answer, and let the seid of # God be in me to know errour from truth. 5. - I did meit with Park, at Penick. I did see infirmities # in .... . The best want not ther failings. He took exception at that which I # writ, that nothing but our corruptions neided interupt our freindship. # He movd to haue that he might hav the land beneth the way; yet he had # past form it. This man is an exercis to me. ... I see it difficil, and almost # impossibl to retain this man; yet I desir that nothing may separat me from # him in the Lord. I did visit Torwoodlie, at Leathin, who was yet under # sicknes. I had scarc a word of God to him. 8. - I desird grac to know the wil of God to me in the # patronag; for som one or other must be presented. I am to meet about the militia # of the parish. 10. - Grang declind to present to Aldern. I desir light and # counsel in this maiter, for I am full of darknes. 13. - Grang did present Mr. Jhon Cuming to Aldern. I wes # content to be frie of it, and that I had noe hand in it. 14. - I was al night at Kin=d.= Next. ... day, Mr. Wm. Ros # cam over, and was inclind to accept the Deanrie. I desird to se God's # providenc, that he cam not til the other was presented. I gave him no # incouradgment to com to Aldern, and movd the digniti, which was abjurd. But he had # noe bands, but was readi to com over that. I desird to consider this and # to be humbld, becaus of him and myself. Oh! how does self lov, or a bait, # commoditi, interest, desir, affection, blind. ... I cannot but piti him, # and remember that I find al the evel that's in him in myself. Oh! so unstedfast # as man is. Oh! is it possibl ther can be such gifts and such infirmities # in one person? Hav I not caus to fear? I movd to Mr. Wm. if he had not # clearnes in Aldern, to tak Edinkelie. ... I cam lat home. 15. - This day was appointed for a mustering of the men at # Lanmoor. Ther I did desir to observ what this work would tend to; for # it is not

intended for good. ... I did after visit Torwoodlie, at # Leathin, and returnd at night. 16. - Mr. Wil. Ros. cam heir, and declind to tak the # deaneri. I reverencd the Lord's providenc, both towards him and me, that we were # not a snar to one another. Efternoon, I went to Kinloss for thes arms which # wer at Findorn, and visited my uncl; but, alac! so carnal and earthli # as I fond him, and so litl savouring of God or the things above. 22. - I spok with Mr. Hugh Ross anent the corruptions of the # church, and corrupt naughti men admitted to the ministeri, nobiliti # corrupt and degenerat, and general ignoranc and negligenc reigning, and # Poperi, implacablnes of good men to one another, decay of godlines and pieti, and growth of profannes and errour. Thes are tokens of God's # wrath. ... I met with Both, and he spok to me anent Mr. John Cuming to # be Dean. I said, I would mak no impediment, and I would giv him # my friendship, if he caried weil, but would not persuad him, and # if he had scrupls I would not labour to remov them. 26. - I did visit Torwoodlie, at Leathin; but alac! so litl # useful or comfortabl as my visit was, and unsavrie. ... I cam in by # Granghil, and reprovd him for compelling others to drink. July 8. - I visited Torwoodlie and Ladi Leathin. Both wer # sick. I spok a word to him to enquir what the Lord said by this providenc, # and this unlookd for affliction. 12. - I heard of the Ladi Cassil's purpos to go out of # Scotland, and to mari a privat man. ... The L. of Calder's daughter, Ann, died. 13. - I heard of som slaughter fallen out betwix the L. M' # Donald's friends and the Clan Cameron. 15 - I found som stolen trees with Pat. Th. in Dyk, and had # caus to suspect W. Lard lykwys. I desird to punish ther fault. ... 19 - My grandchild, Elizabeth, was very sick. I desird to # consider the Lord's hand on her, and, in her, on us and the famili, and # to be instructed. Oh! let the Lord sanctifi this rod to me and to the child. 20. - I did send Jhon Anderson to buy picks. I did see # matter to be humbld in the militia. 1. Men violentlie set it up. 2. # Quhat oppression,

and inequaliti, and an insupportabl burthen. 3. The end and # use of it, the Lord knowes, or what it will produce. But I desir to reverenc # the Lord's providenc in it, and to be subject; and committ the case of # the land and euent to God. 21. - Mr. Jhon Cuming cam to me, and spok of his # presentation to Aldern. I did express good will to him, but told him he knew I differd # in my judgment from the constitution of the present church government, and, # therfor, could not adviz him, but left him to get his direction from # God and his own conscience. He said, he would adviz with his brother Mr. Wm., # but had no scruple in his own conscience. 26. - ... I heard Will. Dunbar had beat his wyf, and fled to # tak on to be a soldier of Franc. I desir euen to be instructed in # this. ... 30. - (\Die Dom.\) We spok of thacking the kirk. I took # liberti to speak of it; let it not be sin to me; and wrot anent hether to E. M. # I heard that Caldcot's son, Patrick Innes, had wilfulli killd Charles # Innes, his oun brother, from emulation anent the mother's lov to the one mor # then the other. I desird to consider this sad accident, and be # instructed. August 12. - Torwoodlie was with me al night. In the morning # I spok to him of the deadnes, decay, and barrennes amongst us, and # how just it wer with the Lord to bring us low as he had lifted up. 18. - I kept at Dyk with the elders in distributing to the # poor. The minister spok to me of thes who were disconform, and said they # had the doctrine and ways of the Don=ts.= [\Donatists\] and Cathari. I did deny # this, and said they had nothing common with them, but wer sound and # orthodox, excep in the maiter of government. He said, Som preachd becaus of # that word: "Wo to me if I preach not." I said, I feard mani preachd for # lov of ther stipends, and could be content to quit preaching so that they # had ther livlihood. He said, We had a sound, abl ministri. I said, We # had a naghtie, unfaithful ministri, that mad no consciens of ther # calling, and the teaching and winning in of souls. I spok ferventli, and my # heat hinderd my judgment. Lord! mak that poor man see how litl ground he # has of peac or ...., and mak me sie the sin and evels of this # generation. 19. - ... I did efternoon goe to Findorn, wher wer som # preparations for the peer. I could discern and see litl of God, goe or doe # what I will.

Tho. Gordon cam heir at night. He told me that Mr. Geo. # Meldrum, and Mr. Menzies, and Mr. Mitchell did communicat with one another in # Sacrament and prayer in secret, and did not approue the strictnes of # others. 21. - Mr. Jhon Falconar cam heir this night. The Lord helped # me with some inlargment and sens of a lifles dead ministri, and the # public defection. 22. - The sherif, yesterday, cam to me, and told me his # purpose of mariag; and desird me to meet with him this day and his friends at # Mon. I heard Mr. Nath. Martin and Mr. J. Steu=t.= wer at Aldern, and # preached against hearing the ministers, and answered all objections. Oh! I fear # my self on the one hand and the other. 23. - I heard som of the silencd ministers wer at Insoch. 24. - The minister[{s{] , Mr. Nath. Martin, Mr. J. Stu=t.=, # and Mr.J. Park went by uncald for me. I fear my self, becaus thes men's # compani ar not dearer to me. 28. - I was cald efternoon to meit with Grang and others, # anent the sherif's affairs. I was prest to be cautioner for the sherif # for a greater sum then I intended. Let not this be a snar to me. I desir, in som # measur, to do it to the Lord; if, by our help, the poor yong man, throgh # His blessing, may be helped. 31. - The sherif and Grang took journey this day south. I # heard of great opposition which Grante's freinds made to his mariadg with # Leathin's daughter. Sept. 5. - I was burthend with the sin of the plac, frequent # theiving and stealing; and I held it up to God that he would restrain # it, and discouer, and lead me to search and find it out, if it seimed good to # him. 18. - Mr. Jhon Cuming and his brother's son, Patr., cam to # me. I heard of Mr. Hutchison, and was glad. I perceavd Mr. Jhon inclind # to tak Aldern, thogh with som reluctanci. I would not advis or desir # him; but left it to him. Onli I said he should get al the furtheranc # from us that we could, if he enterd. 19. - This day was veri foul, and the Lord seemed to # threaten to destroy the fruits of the ground. Mr. R. Gordon and Col. Innes was # heir. I heard the confusions which wer at London about religion; presbytery # against

presbytery, Croftoun and Baker, and the meeting of seueral # opinions and sects diffring much from another; ther boldnes in upholding # and keiping ther meetings, and the forbearanc that al got. I desird to # consider this, and be exercisd with it, and instructed. 28. - I heard Brey was heir this night, and Mr. Rob. # Gilespi, the son of the good Mr. Geo. Gilespi. I had conferenc with them anent the # estat of the kirk of God in other places; and alac! so desolat and wast # as it is laid. 29. - Mr. Gillespi and Brey staid al this day also. I found # my oun declining and securiti creeping on. How am I shaken as to # former principls. How far short do I com others in zeal, nay, and censur them # that goe ani thing beyond myself. I desir to be humbld under this; the # land's decay, and the decay that my soul is falling in. Lord! rais me up, # and grant me, for Thy nam's sak. From the conscienc of my infirmiti, # nigardlines, earthlines, straitnedness, and that for my effairs I straiten my self, I # purposd, if the Lord would giv strenth, and grac, and constanci, and an # honest sound hart, to lay by som money for such uses from tym to tym, and # not to touch it to other uses. Lord! tak snars out of my hart, and way, and # inlarg my hart to Thee, and in Thee: Wherof this mark shall be a sign # and memorial. 30. - Bray and Mr. Rob. Gilespi went henc. I might hav # profited mor by them then I did. I heard Tho. Glas[\'s\] wyf was brought to bed befor her # tym; and [\it\] appeired he had fallen with her ere he maried. Oct. 1. - I warnd the minister that Tho. Glas[\'s\] child # was gotten in whordom long befor mariag; and that he should, if he thought # fit, suspend the baptism of his child; but he did not think this fitt. Cath. Collace was heer this night. I conferrd with her on # her lot by a wicked husband; her perplexiti, not grudging to bear, but # solicitous to know dutie. I was dark, yet I promisd to com to Insoch, and # sie Mr. Tho. Hog, and confer with her. Let the Lord giv light. I observ the # Lord's providenc in yoking that child of His and such a croce. 5. - ... Ther cam one Mr. Pringl, which cald himself a # deposd minister. He insinuated his condition. Yet I feard whither he # was what he profesd. Bot I look to God, for I need grac to discern and # to guid me.

6. - I did goe to Elgin with the sherif. It was his head # court; and a great compani was with him. This is a vanitie under the sun, # that is seated in the hart of man. We did also meit and end the conditions of # his mariag with Sir Lod. Gordon's daughter. 16. - Mr. Al=r.= Fordice and his wyf, Anna Meldrum, cam # heir. I read a lyn from Mr. Geo. Meldrum. He desird that the Lord's work in # that plac might be rememberd. This was exercis to me, to reflect on the # Lord's work in that plac some tym befor, and now marrd. I desir to be # instructed about this, and to wryt of it to Mr. Geo. 21. - I heard that the man who cald himself Pringl, and a # deposd minister, was a counterfit. 24. - I heard of the death of old Cantra, and desirs to be # instructed, and was cald to his burial against the 26. 26. - Colloden cam heir, and desird me to recomend him to # the President. I was straitnd in it; yet I desird not to displeas man, and # yeelded. Lord! [\let\] it be noe snar to me. I ouerreach myself oft in # desiring to pleas men, and to promot that which concerns them. Oh! that # I had that cair to pleas the Lord. 31. - I did visit Mr. T. Hog, and Cath. Collace, and spok of # her lot, and what was fittest for her to doe. Loth was I to advis to part # with a husband. I should hear him first, and labour to remov impediments of # ther agriement. The Master of Duffus did visit me. I did sie the danger of # irreuerent speaking befor God, and vaunting my oun spirit as prayer. Oh! # teach me to pray, and giv the spirit which teaches to pray. November 5. - (\Die Dom.\) The E. of Sea[\forth\] cam heir, # and din'd. Our communication was litl savrie. ... He went from this befor # sermon. 8. - I did speak betwix Jhon Ross and his wyf, Cath. # Collace. Litl understanding hav I to discern, or to judg betwix them. But I # depend on God for light from heaven. 12 - (\Die Dom.\) I heard Mr. Wal. Kin was to preach, and # questiond if I should goe, and whither I should hear weak men that talk all # out of other men's books. I cannot answ=r.= this. It is tru they should be # fitted as weil as cald; yet I desir to stoop to evri mean wherby I may be # edified, wer it reading quhair I can get noe other. ... He spok good words, # and such as, could I appli them, wer sound and wholsom.

17. - I heard that Al=r.= , Waristoun's son, had brok, and # throgh cheating, lying, and wrong ways. My brother and others had sufferd much # by him. I desird to consider this, and be instructed. 1. The son of # such a father. 2. Of such hopes and expectation. 3. His affliction is not so # much as his sin. 4. Others disapointed of him, that for lov to his father, # had born favour to him. The woman be defild, and took as his wyf, taken # hom by her father. 5. I desird to learn what this said to my poor # brother. He said and writ to me that it had almost kild him. Lord! unfold # this providenc. 25. - Braco cam heir. I detained him til Monday. Let it be # noe snar or sin to me. For he .... . I heard again of the death of the # good Lord Ruthven, and [\that he\] died in som distemper of melancholie, # and his effairs not in good ordour. I desird to consider, and observe, and be # instructed. He told, that divers of not conform ministers wer letten # preach in the land: That the Bishop of St. Andrews cam with 500 hors to the burial # of Elcho. Latherdal's loosnes. 26. - (\Die Dom.\) Braco was with me, and I knew not how to # converse with him. I heard Haddo was made a lord of session. 27. - Mr. William Falconer cam heer, and spok of his selling # his salmond fishing. With his insinuations I was almost intangled in a # desir to bui. But the Lord prevented me. Decr. 8. - Heer cam the sherif, Mr. Jhon M'Culikan, and Mr # Rob=t.= Gilespie. I reverenc God in this providenc. We ar litl the # better of the best companie. 9. - Spini dind with me, and I spok betwix him and my uncl # Francis, anent the teinds, but agreied not. Spini spok bitterli of the # honest disconform ministers, and of indulging them. I cannot see good in thes # things. 10. - (\Die Dom.\) I read anent the Accomodation betwix # conforms and not conforms. Oh! my darknes and instablnes, and doubtfulnes. Let # the Lord send out light and strenth to guide me, and mak me discern. 11. - I went to the burial of the goodwyf of Newtoun. 12. - This day I was at the baptizing of the E. of M. his # son Francis. 13. - Mr. Ja. Urquhart was heer this night. 14. - The L. of Grant dind heir. The L. of Calder and # Leathin writ to

the E. of M. anent Calder his busines. I took liberti in my # discours and mirth. Let the sin be taken away through Jesus Christ. I found # him a soft going man; but what he may yet turn to, the Lord knows. I # spok of the buying of Balueni to him. Lord! let this be noe snar to # him nor us. 20. - I heard of the death of yong Cantra, and desird to be # affected with it, so soon after his father. ... He is as yong as I am or # thereby. Shal I not tak warning? 23. - Leathin cam heir afternoon. He invited me to his # daughter's mariage, or to com the day efter. 24. (\Die Dom.\) I heard this day by Coubin, younger, that # the Ladi Latherdale is dead. Let it not be for a judgment to that man. # Oh! if he belong to Thee, doe him good by it. ... I heard the Princ of # Orang was restord to his places and dignities, which he had in Holland, # at least, which his fathers and ther famili had. Lord! turn this to Thy glori, # and ouer rul thes actions and transactions of men. 26. - This day the Lord of Grant was maried to Leathin's # daughter, Janet Brodie. I desird to hav them and that action on my hart. [^THE DIARY OF ALEXANDER BRODIE OF BRODIE, MDCLII-MDCLXXX, AND OF HIS SON, JAMES BRODIE OF BRODIE, MDCLXXX-MDCLXXXV. SPALDING CLUB. ABERDEEN 1863. PP. 425.1-439.29.^]

17 April, 1680. - This night, betwixt 12 at night and 2 of # the morning, being Sabbath morning, dyed my precious, worthie, and dear # Father, of a fitt of the gravel. I had come hom only the night before betwixt 12 # and one of the morning. I was not apprehending that this strok was so # near. It found me secur, and stupid, and asleep; which has been the plaug and # disease I have been held by long before. This has a loud cry, if I could # hear it. I can hardly aprehend the consequence of it to the land, and # church, and famely. The Lord give instruction, and open the ear; and # awaken out of securitie! We were further threatened with a dismal sad symptom in his # being removed. He was like to have passed away without a word to # anie of us, in a sound. It pleased the Lord in his mercie and goodnes to # give som blink of reviving, so that, with the intermission of sleip and # slumbring now and then, we had sweit, savorie, seasonabl words, thrie or # four hours before his death. His advise to myself at the last was, "My son, be # strong in the Lord, and the power of his might. My son, to the Law and to # the Testimonie" Mr Jas. Urquhart prayed, and I hope was heard in # it, that the Lord would not tak him away in such anger against us, and # that the Lord would open his mouth, and that his death might be # edefying. These words were always in his mouth, "My father and my God; Lord # Jesus leave me not; tak me with Thee;" and being asked a word # concerning his hop and expectation of the Church and interest of Christ, he # said, "The Lord would redeem his people." He longed to be ridd of a body of # death and sin. He was afraid while he lived, and in the tym of his # sicknes, to have been in great pain and distraction; but it pleased the Lord to # give him a

quiet passage and end, without complaint of pain, or working, # or thraching. In his lyff also, he thought it would be desyrable to pass out # of tym to eternitie on the morning of a Sabbath, and to begin an eternal # Sabbath; which he obtained. He was brought so weak and low by his # continued sickness and enervitie of bodie and mind since the 5 of May # last, at which tym he took the beginning of his sicknes at Ballachastel, # which has continued and increased upon him ever since. I desire to be instructed # and tak warning, and to be awakened by this strok, and to hear what it # speaks to myself, the poor famely, the land, the church. There are many # things in it, if I could winn to read or be instructed by it as to myself. I # have had the benefit of instruction, warning, means of knowledge, and has # not profited in and by the company of such a one since ever I had it, and now # I am deprived of it: this speaks anger. I have seen the godlie # conversation, holy and christian walk of a father, - his watchfulnes, - his secret communion with God, - yet cannot say that my heart has been # gained or winn to the following his example. I have not made that use of # his company that anie other would have done. The famely has not profited. # Oh! how unlike and unsuitable to the pains taken on them. He has # kept up a light amongst us; I and others have been weakening his hands, # drawing back; he has, in some measure, fard the wors of such a person; # and now, while I am under thes and many such convictions, I cannot # recal or get back thos occasions which I have lost, mispent, and livd away. And # now, if the Lord should say he would not reprove or be at anie mor pains # with me, he wer just and holy, and it were the just punishment of my # iniquity. But let his mercy, and grace, and love Christ Jesus, com over al # thes provocations. Now, what can or will this sad strok do to me? if the Lord # strike not in by his Spirit with it, I will sleep on. Oh! that this night, and # dark cold winter would kill and nipp bitter roots which are within me, of # securitie, wordlines, passion, pride, carnaliti. Oh! that the Lord would give a # tender, spiritual, holy, zealous, frame of heart, and to be watchful, that this # be a tym of getting acquaintance with Christ; a tym of weaning affections from the # world, and things in it. O! that the Lord would com in and fill the room # and place in the famely, and in hearts, and mak up the want of a dear # father and instructor. 18. - Die Dom. Mr. A. D. [\Alexander Dunbar\] only prayd in # the

famely, in the morning. It was our complaint that Sabbaths wer # desolat formerli; but alas! al our sun seems now to be gon doun. I read # with the famely a pairt of the 3 Lament, and prayd, if I may cal it # prayr. Mr. A. spok a word in the evening. ... Main and his wiffe wer # heir. Ther cam one from Castl Forbes to enquir anent my dear Father. # I wrot a line to my daughter, and dispatchd the bearer that sam day. 19. - Lethen, Urkney, Petgownie, Miltoun, and som of our # freinds wer heir, to advise anent the disposal and ordouring of the burial # of my dear Father. Ther wer several occasions occurred to make us delay # till the 5 of May. 20. - Calder, and my uncl, Joseph, cam from the south heir # this morning. We had a sorrowful meiting, upon the remembrance of our loss. 21. - I found som stirrings of natural affections, greiff, # and troubl. Lord! teach me to discern and know things that differ, and to get # the greiff and sorrow to run in a right channel. Granghil and his son wer heir, and several other companie. # We wer ordouring som things concerning the funerall of my precious # Father. ... I dispatchd to Aberdeen for som things: som things we declind, # last we might be mistaken. Mr. James Urquhart was heir. He seimd to have # somewhat to warn and admonish me of, which his love and his faithfulnes # would not suffer him to spare. I desir to receave and welcom. His # reproofs I trust sal not break my head. He delayd to speak til another tym. ... I desir to be troubld that ever in word or thoght I offended # my dear Father, that I have not made that use of his companie and # societie that I oght to have done. My uncl told me, that I was quarreld with # by others for unkindnes, nor having so open a hart as my father. I desir # to tak with evrie chalange. The seed and root of al evil is in me; if the # Lord subdue not, and piti not, I am undone. My uncl, Joseph, went to Both # to sie his daughter. 22. - This day my wiffe and Al=r.= Finlater, and I put the # bodie of my dear Father in his cerecloth, and caus anoint with oyls, and # pouders, and spices. The bodie was the cask which keipd a nobl jewal; the bodi is # united to Christ; ther is hop of resurrection; therfor we tak car for # the bodie, which sal rise again in glorie, tho' sown in corruption. 23. - We wer this day ordouring the dispatch of letters for # the burial. ... I wrot to Huntly. Let it be no snar to me, for I am rude and # ignorant.

24. - I heard with great greiff that Mr. James Urquhart had # got som offence in this place and hous, and he thought his compani was # not acceptable, and that he was straitn'd to com among us. I desir to be # humbl'd for this. Alas! how much more know I of myself than al the world # does. I desire that none of us may be under any mistak with him. I # found appearance of others offending with us. ... My dear Father was this afternoon putt in his coffin. I # desir to sie and aknowledg God in al this. O! for grace to live as having the # faith of a resurrection, of death, and judgment. 25. - Die Dom We read in the famely a pairt of the 51 Psalm. # Mr. A. Dunbar on Phil. 1.21, " For to me to live is Christ, and to # dye is gain.' 27. - I found manie mistaks betwixt us and freinds. ... I # found Mr. James Urquhart was offended and stumbl'd by us, and that he # was alienat from the hous, and had no liking to com neir it. I desir to be # helpd to search and try my oun ways. I desir grace to welcom anie # chalang, or reproof coms this way as from the Lord. 28. - My Uncl, and Main, and Miltoun, and I spok somwhat # together of the condition of this famely, the Lord's goodness to us, and # of our unansuerablnes, of the decay and wearing out of former tendernes [\and\] zeal. 29. - Urkney cam heir this evening. He looks to be in a # decay as to his bodily condition. Let the Lord spare him, and doe him # good by al he meits with. By him I heard of Tarbet's being at Elgin; his # apprehension of troubl by M[\urray\]. 30. - Urkney was heir with us; and we wer making som # preparations for the funerall of my precious dear Father. ... Jo. Brodie # returned from Aberdeen. Lethen, and Granghil, and som freinds, wer heir to # advice what we had to doe. May 4 - I went doun to sie the burial place whar my dear # Father is to lye. I cannot winn to make anie right use or improvment of # what I sie or hear; nay I sleip stil, notwithstanding of al the alarums I # gett. Som of our friends cam heir at night. We went again doun to sie the # burial place, and appointed it in another place then before. 5.- This is the day of the burial of my deir Father; # which I desir to keip in remembrance whil I live; which strok of his being # remov'd speaks my sin, and God's anger and provocation, and the necessiti of # repentance and turning to God. I desyr to apply that word of Elihu to # Job, 34. 31,

"Surely it is meit to say to God, I have born chastisement, I # will not offend ani mor." We worshipd God together in the famely in the # morning. Alas! so littl stamp or impress as I have on my hart of what # is upon the famely. I miss a spiritual fram in goeing about this sorrowful # action. A day or two since Mr. James Urquhart cam heir, and told me som grounds # of mistak and offence he got in the hous, as particularli that # cariage of theirs, whil the L. Marr was heir. Other things he warnd off, and # exhorted to keip God's way; told hou readi and bussie Satan would be to # tempt and draw away from God. Oh that this might sink in the hart! ... # After the burial som freinds cam to the hous with us. We begud not # at worshipping of God. We took som bodili refreshment. 6. - Freinds went away several ways. 11. - My Ladie Murray and L. Doun cam heir. I found no # inclination to ani companie. I went with them to Darnway, and waited on # the Earl of Murray, but made no stay. ... We heard of the continuance of # Don. Campbel's sicknes, and how smal expectation was of his # recoverie. 12. - I directed advertisment to friends to meit heir on # Friday the 14. 13. - I read in the morning Calvin on Math. and on Isai. ... # Grant cam heir from Forres, and expressed his sence of his loss in my # Father, professd kindnes and affection to his hous and famely. I desir to be # taught of God in evrie thing that concerns dutie to himself and to al # relations. Calder went by and cam not in. I desyr to affoord no ground or # occasion to anie friend to draw away. 14. - Most of the kindred and persons of my Father's famely # mett heir. The Lord helpd som to give a word of warning. Al wer sensibel # of ther loss. It was thought to be our dutie to search and try our # ways wherby we had provoked the Lord. It was rememberd, as the observation # of the worthie head of the famely whil alive, that he expected stroks upon # us, and that altho' the Lord had shown us kindnes, and had raisd us out of # the dust, and made us somewhat in the world, yet had we bein unfruitful and # barran. ... Evrie one spok as the Lord helped and gave assistance, and # exhorted to keip God's way, to sett up His worship, to fear and serve Him, # to live in union and harmonie one with another, to seik the good and # welfare one of another. I did express my adictednes to my friends, my # willingnes to be warnd and admonishd by them, and that, as the Lord would give # grace, I

should mint unto my dutie to God, to seik and endeavour, so # farr as I could, al ther welfars. Ther was som motion that the work and dutie of # supplying honest fouks suld not decay and be forgotten. The Lord helpd # to make som agreiment and setling for supplie of the poor distressd # goodwiffe of Aikenway, our friend. I desir to aknouledg God who enlargd ani # bodie's hart to doe this. It was pressd and thought fitt we should meit again, and # frequentlie. ... I spok somwhat to Leathen of other concernments of the famely, # which was not meit to handl befor so many witnesses, such as the # provision of my children, the security of my wiffe in her lyffrent, the # convoyance of the estait, and interest of the famely. It pleased the Lord that we wer together in some measur of # oneness and good understanding. Let the Lord be aknowledged in this. The # goodwiffe of Aikenway cam heir this night. My Uncle went to Both and # Lethen. Most of our friends went hom. 15. - We are in expectation of citations befor the Justice # Court, for absenc from the host. ... Mr. Tho. Innes was heir anent som # bussines with my Uncl. I found my Uncl. peremptor and tenacious. ... I # am mor apt to sie infirmities, and censure them in others then # to sie my own. 17. - Monday. Calder cam heir, from whom I had not one # expression of kindnes, sympathie, sence of the loss of my worthie and deir # parent, bot som useful profitabl warnings and admonitions; which I desir to # receave and embrace. He advisd to depend on God, to follow the exampl of # him who was gone, to keip my friends; and manie other useful, # seasonabl, profitabl lessons. ... My Uncl visited my Lord Murray and Spynie. My # wiffe went to Darnway afternoon. I was desird by Spynie to goe # frequently to my Lord Murray, and was told that he had no quarrels with me. 19. - I wrat south to my Lord Argyl, and Advocate, and gave # my Uncl my dispatch. 21. - Windihils was heir, who had bein with my uncl Joseph # at Innes. I heard Innes was stil in mistaks with me, and spard not to # speak of me. The Lord knows if in my hart I desingd him anie inconvenience. I # desir to sie and acknowledge God. ... I intended and purposed good offices # to him and his famely, and lo! I am tristed with this in stead of # sympathie, or remembranc of the kindnes of the dead. I desir to sie al men ar a lie; # and let not

my confidenc or dependenc be upon them. ... I heard that my # Lady Seaforth, Belnagoun and his Ladie had bein heir this # afternoon. 22. - Urkney, Dr. Gordoun, young Gordonstoun cam heir, and # several others. I did sie much alteration, extream weaknes in Urkney, # so that it was a verie wonder if he might com thorou, or recover. 24. - I was purposd to goe to Darnway this morning; which I # did. I lookd up to God for guiding, teaching, leading, and furnitur # which I stood in neid of. I spoke with the Earl of Murray anent my # expectation of his protection and favor, and that I had rather owe him, and be # debtour to him for his kindnes then any other Earl or Marquis. He told me he # had never done anie act of unkindnes to me or my father, nor had done # anie thing to occasion my doubting of his kindnes. He told me he would com # doun to this, and tel me al he had report of, and would not harbour # anie thought to dwel or sitt down on it. Let the Lord keip and deliver me from # snars and lead me in ways approven of him. I spok to him of my absence # from the host, and what my exceptions and defences wer. I went with # him from Donnun to neir Auldearn, where he mett with Calder. I staid at # Auldearn with Calder most of the day. I heard of Kinstarie's purpose # of changing his interest, leaving this countrey. I desir to be instructed # by it, that thes who had anie favour towards the best things ar like to leave # the place. I was with Calder at Mr. Jo. Cuming's in Auldearn. I desir # to consider what offence this may give to honest men, my companie and # correspondence with these. I cam in by Penick, visited Mr. James Urquhart and # his wiffe, who wer both verie weaklie and infirm. 29. - I was purposd to have mett with Spynie after the # sermon at Dyk, bot was disapointed. I declined goeing to Darnway this way; # was affraid of snares. This evening there cam heir Mr. William Cumming, and # Kirkmichel, Kennedie, a gentleman of my dear father's acquaintance, who # had intended a visit to my father. Alas! what an emptie roum and place wil # al men find heir! I desird to have a due sence of the gentleman's respect # to my father. 30. - This day. ... my wiffe took bedd, and keiped clos bed # of a feaver. 3. June. - This was a day of rendevous of our militia, foot # and hors in the shires. Kirkmichel went out to it. ... My wife continues sick # to death of feaver, and can tak nothing to sustain or hold up nature. 4.- Kirkmichel went from this hous upon his return and # journay hom. I

was trubld and ashamd with the marks of his respect put on # this place, and that his journey sud have bein expensive to him by anie of us. # I desir not to lye under this debt. Mr. Al=r.= Dunbar returnd heir this # day. Mr. William Cumming cam heir. I offerd him back sum gold which Kirkmichel had left heir, bot he would not. 5. - Tarbet cam heir in the morning in his way South. ... I # was frie with him upon several things. ... He thought I would not # declin a citation before the justice court. Let the Lord prepar me for trials. # In the evining, I got letters from Elgin of Urkney's sicknes, and a # cal to com ther. They apprehended I would not overtak him in lyffe, for he was # becom much wors then he was before. 6. - Die Dom. I sent Jo. Campbel to Elgin, to know how # Donald Campbel was, and to bring me word; who returnd at night with # the account of his being somewhat bettered, and that he had som # hopes of himselfe. I desir to bless the Lord for this. If he spare him, # let it be in mercie, and let him sie the evil, and be recoverd and reformd # in al that is wrong, and out of ordour. My wiff's feaver encreasd greatlie this day, and her # weaknes is great. The Lord is threatning to tak away the desir of my eys. ... She # did express her hope and faith in God, the engadgments [\that\] wer # on her to Him; and albeit she had not walked ansurablie to them, yet she # desired to stand to the bargain. She had manie savorie expressions, and # desird to improve experience of the Lord's kindnes to her formerlie, and # his deliverances. She told me she had no anxietie or care about children, or # anie thing in the world. She had cast them over on God, who was # faithful. This afternoon I was affraid of the event of this sicknes. # Let the Lord disapoint and turn away my fears. She told me, It was not the # mater of her greiff to die. She hoped it would put an end to her # miserie and sin. She told me she had purposd thir many days past to have com # under new bands and engadgments to the Lord, but was hinderd somwhil by # sicknes, and otherways; bot, as she could, with her hart, soul, # affections, she desird to resing al to God, and ... to remain and abid with him for ever. 7. - Graing, and several companie, wer heir this day, # visiting my wiffe, whos sicknes continues and increasses. ... Graing was to goe # south within a day or two. I wrat a line to Mr. James Urquhart, that he might # know our state, and mind it befor the Lord; who promisd to com heir the # next day.

8. - Which he did; bot my wyff's infirmitie was such as she # durst not heir or speak. She said to Mr. James she was weil pleasd with # that high sublim devyce of saving sinners by a Redeemer; and who would # not be pleasd? She aknowledgd she was unwilling: He only made her # willing. 10. - Windihils, the Doctor Gordon, and my sister Granghil # wer heir with her. Al their hopes of her wer bot small. ... I sat up # beside her al night. 11. - It did not appear that she was like to get anie cool; # bot this day her feaver seems to be less. 12. - It pleasd the Lord that this last night my poor wiffe # got som eas and sleip, and after thir 14 days abstinence begud to tak som # litl refreshment. ... Dr. Gordon thought that she was out of the feaver. 18. - This day I went to visit Mr. James Urquhart, and his # wiffe, and the goodwiff of Both younger, who has bein dangerouslie sick # of a feaver. 19. - I went to visit the Earl of Murray, who had bein verie # sick, and in danger. O that the Lord might sanctifie his sicknes, and bring # him to consider with whom he has to doe, and to reflect on his ways! I heard # mor of that ill reported of papers found with one Cargill. I desir to # intertain a dislyk of them, according to any report I have heard of them. 21. - I went to Elgin to visit Urkney. ... I found him # plaintiff of his B[\rother\] Al=r.= He had hopes of his oun recoverie, albeit # indeed his caic looks most dangerus. 26. - I staid at Mon[\aghti\] som tym with Miltoun, and did # som bussines; cam hom by Burgie, wher I saw that paper wherein the King his # government was renuncd. ... I could not bot dislyke that paper. I heard of the reading the indulgences. 28. - I went up afternoon to visit E.M. Let the Lord visit # his soul, and do him good by what he is tristed with. 1 July. - I heard that the King had taken away the mater of # the host and absence from it from before the Justice Court to the # Councel, and that al wer remitted, and indemnified, bot such as wer suspected in # ther principles; and thes the Counsel might call for and convein at their # pleisur. I desir to be instructed by al this, and prepard for trials. I got a call this night betwixt 11 and 12 at night to goe # to Urkney, for som sudden chang was expected. 2. - I went to Elgin this morning; mett with Mr. Hugh # Anderson by the

way, who had com from Aberdein, from whom I had an account of # the sad differs and divisions among the Lord's people. He had heard # Mr. Menzies and Mr. Meldrum; he was much displeasd with that paper which # som persons had drawn up at [\the\] South. I had a letter from my Uncl, # confirming that of the indemnnitie to al be north Tay who wer absent from # the host, reserving to the Counsel to call for all suspected or # disaffected persons, and to punish them. I found Urkney verie weak, bot stil hoppful of # his own condition. He had passd by stool a deal of congeald blood, and # he imagind this being gone, he might be the better. 3. - I spok with Mr. [\James\] U[\rquhart\] and Milton anent # Innes his unkindnes. I desir to aknowledg God in this; and let the # strangdnes of men lead me more to seik for the favor and loveing kindnes of # God. 4. - Die Dom. I was purposing to have taken some tym with my daughter, and to have spok to her anent her duty to God, and # as to others among whom her lott is cast. I was purposd to move to her the # coming under new bonds and engadgments to be the Lord's, and to sett # up his worship in their famely, and to give him the throne of their # hart. 5. - Ther appears to brak out som cross and trubl betwixt # Cowbin and me. We had a meiting, first at Dyk with the heritors of the # parish, and then on the ground be north the bank. We desird Cowbin to meit # with us, bot he cam not. We made civil interuption. We desird cowbin to # meit with us, bot he cam not. We made civil interuption. The Mr. of Forbes # went from this on his way hom. I staid at hom this night, visited # the E. of Murray at evening, and was purposed, God willing, to goe with # the Mr. and my daughter the nixt morning. 6. - I cald at Burgie the nixt morning, and afterward went # to Elgin; visited my Lord Duffus; staid with Urkney most of the day, who # seemed to be growing dailie weaker. I was raisd al night to have sein # him expyr. It pleasd God to give him som blink. There was ordourd som of # his bussines, whil Mr. Robert Donaldson was ther. 7. - The Mr. and my daughter went to Innes, and thence to # Dippil at night. I desir to comit my way to the Lord. Let him ordour and # direct my steps. I went to Dippil, and from that to the Bogg; was # detaind to their dinner. Let not their company be a snare to me. We cam, # by God's providence, to Castle forbes at night. My Lord was from hom. 8. - I went this day to visit Leslie, my Ladie Marr at # Tiliefur, and cam in by Putachie and Whythaugh to Castle Forbes at night My Lord

Forbes cam hom from Eight; had bein setling thair affairs. I # heard that Eight had reflected upon his complyanc, and what a snare the # world and preserving his estait was to him; and his carnal witt. I heard # he would not allow Mr. Ad. Barclay to pray; regretted his too much # familiaritie with him. I desir to be instructed by this. 9. - I spok of bussines with my Lord Forbes, and went # afternoon to Brux, but found none of them at hom. I was purposd to return # the next morning homward, but their importunity prevaild with me to # delay til Monday. 10. - This day we went to Putachie; dind at Whythaugh. I # found the young persons would neid prudence and circumspect walking; and # that ther wer mistaks apt to fal out betwixt nearest relations. My Lord # drew me doun to Mr. Ad. Barclay's hous upon this evening. Let not this # be a snar to me. 11. - Die Dom. I desird to be exercisd in the dutys of the # day, that I may know how to sanctifie the Sabbath. Let God draw neir to my # soul, and let my soul be neir to him. I desird to mention and have # on my thoughts this new societie and famely erected in this place. My Lord # Forbes cam in the morning to my chamber and prayd. I called for my daughter, # and spok to her, as I could, of her duty; minded her of what # obligations lay on her to be the Lord's; asked her, if she did repent and rue the # bargain; admonishd the exhorted her to fear His name, to avoid al snars # and temptations, to warn and incourage her husband, to countenance the worship # of God in the famely, to strenthen Mr. Geo. Monro his hand in the # famely duties. 12. - I had bein cald hom several tyms since I cam heir; was # told of the sicknes of several of the children, and the troubl that was # made to us by yong Cowbin and his father. I left Putachie this morning, and # visited the old Lady Leslie, and Urkney, at Elgin and cam to Miltoun at # night. 13. - I ordourd the hors and men at Mon[\aghti\] to com for # leading my petts. I cam in by Burgie in my hom coming; met with Cowbin, # and did expostulate with him anent his unkindnes, and way with me. 15. - We had a meiting, this morning, of the heretours of # the parish concernd with Cowbin. ... I went to Forres and Burgie, afternoon, but missed Graing. I heard Urkney was verie weak, and that I was # like to be cald for; gott letters from the South anent the new model, # [\and\] compearance

before the Counsel for absence from the host. I heard of # petitions by severals for the Parliament's sitting in England; petitions # anent removing D. K. [\Duke of York\] from Court and England; anent his being a # Papist recusant; of a Parliament in Irland; the King's # expect[\ation\]s of great soums from them; the forfaulter of 29 mor heritors, who wer at # Bothwel; proclamation against Cameron and others; of a new paper of # theirs, which I could not relish, nor conceive to be sound, and agriable to # the principles of either Christian religion, or Presbytry. 16. - I desir to seek counsel and direction from the Lord as # to the ordouring of my conversation aright, according to His Word, # and as to our present jarrs and differs with Cowbin. Miltoun went to Lethen; and I gave him in comission to # speak to him of several things concerns this bussines. We had advertisment that Cowbin was building at his hous. # I cryed to God for direction. I advertisd Granghil; conveind the # tennents; and on the way we wer stopd, upon knowledg that the report was false. # I desir to aknowledg God in this, in that he prevents. I heard Urkney was neir his last. I was cald to goe to him # that night; yet I staid at hom til the nixt morning. 17. - I staid this day also, until I should hear som further # account of my freind. I find a great deal of prejudice and ill will from # men. I desir to be helpd to sie God, and his hand, and to have his peace and # favor throu Jesus Christ. I heard that Cowbin and his men wer in arms, the last night # at the new hous. 18. - Die Dom. I was this day again cald to Elgin, and told # that I could not overtak a word of D[\onald\] Campbell. O that I wer # learning to die! Let the consideration of what fals out, excit and sturr me up # to secur his peac and favor. I writ a line to J.U. [\James Urquhart\] at # Lethen to mind the caic of our family, that the Lord might sanctifie his # trials, and give the right use of all that we ar lying under. The children # continoud unwel, Katt., Eliz., Girsl, Margt. This is God's hand immediatly. I am also # folloud with unkindnes and trubl from neighbours. ... I wrot to A. D. # [\Alexander Dunbar\] to com to the famely, that it might not be without som # remembrance of God's name. I went towards Elgin; halted a litl at Tho. # Gordon's; and found, when I cam to the toun, Urkney was removd. I am # traveling

to death, but finds litl preparation for it. I heard that he # died weil, and that he had given satisfaction to persons about him. Oh! for # grace to live so as that the end may be comfortabl. 19. - Seing Innes, Grang, and others cam not, friends who # wer ther advisd and orderd som things concerning the burial, and # appointed Thursday to transport to Aldearn, and Fryday nixt for the burial. I # found much unsoundnes in my oun hart, and rottennes, and that which may # humbl. We satt up dispatching letters til near one o'clock in the # morning. 20. - I had account of the Mr. of Forbes his being sick, and # that my daughter and he both wer lying of a feaver. 21. - I went afternoon to meet with the E. of Murray; found # him at the Walkmil. I told him, that I heard he was our partie as to our # affairs with Cowbin. ... He quarrelled at my calling the tennents to lead # petts, as if it wer a convocation. Let the Lord make my way straight befor # him. The Earl said, He would not medl with either of us. 22. - Thursday. We mett at the bank head with Cowbin and his # friends. I desir to aknowledg God in his Providence, that ther was no # heat or sturr among us, we ending in appearance fairlie, and appointed a new # meeting. ... After our meeting in the evining, we went al to the water # syd to attend our friend's corps from that to Auldearn. The water was verie # great; it pleasd God that al passd without hasard. I cam hom at night. # Mr. J M=c=Kilican had prayd in the famely eir we cam hom. 23. - This was the day of the burial of Donald Campbell. He was # caried from Auldearn to Calder. I heard that som shires had # represented to the Councel how unpractical and contrar to law the model was. I visited the Ladie Calder, and cam hom at night. I cald at # Penick by the way. I had a word of warning from Mr. J. U. [\James # Urquhart\] anent reforming the famely, looking to dissordours. 24. - My wiffe went to Darnway. I got advertisment to a # burial of Cowbin's daughter, a maid, who had bein long sick. 25. - Die Dom. I read Dickson on Ps. 84. "How aimabl ar Thy tabernacles." ... A.D. [\Alexander Dunbar\] on Math. 6. 33. # "Seik first the kingdom of God, and his righteousness, [\and\] all # other things shall be added [\unto you\]." ... In the evining we went doun to # Cowbin to the young woman's burial. 26. - Tho. Gordon was dispatched to Putachie, and the # rootman. Let

the Lord visit that hous and famely. ... I went doun to visit # the moss, and parted the petts. They had stolen many of them. I desir to # be taught patience, humilitie, moderation to suffer wrongs. 27. - We enterd this morning to the leading of the petts. # Albeit I be apt to be intent on thes things, yet ther is one thing # necessar. Let the Lord help to know dutie. I had occasion to writ to Ila, to the # Laird of Calder, by an express his Ladie was sending. I had letters # from the South anent my affairs with Cowbin. I could not be satisfied with # the account I had from my uncl, nor the consultation. 28. - Cowbin's brother made interuption to the leading of # the petts. 29. - We had letters from Putachie anent the condition of # that famely. I spok with Lethen of several affairs. 30. - This day, morning, we heard from Putachie of the # continuing siknes of thes two young persons. Let the Lord sanctify this trial. I # went to Elgin upon affairs which concern Urkney. Let the Lord ordour # and direct my way. I met Grant by the way. I heard of Mr. Cameron and his brother, and several other persons being kild in the West: # That ther had bein an engadgment betwixt them and som of the King's forces: # That one Hakston was apprehended. I desir grace from God to construct # aright and interpret al God's providences. We met on Urkney's affairs. We # found matters in dissordour. I suppd at Colin Innes, where I had # litl satisfaction by reason of the companie. 31. - Ther was som thing done anent Bogholl's affairs. I # sie that man disquiets himself in vain. How soon does the Lord cutt the # throat of a man's hopes! 1 August.- The last night I was tossed al night with # defluxion and the toothach. How easily can the Lord marr al outward comforts! We # spok somewhat of our affairs with Cowbin. I went to Moortoun; spok # with the Ladi anent her father's alienation and unkindnes to me. She # regretted thes mistaks, wisht me to goe yet to Innes. I find aversion # from it. She reflected on her brother his carriage, as unbecoming, and # being a stain to religion. We comund a marriage betwixt old B[\aili\] Brodi in Forres, # and one Hamilton, the Ladie Mortoun's woman. I sent Windihils to # excuse the disappointment of the meeting with Cowbin. when I cam hom I # found a call from Putachie, and their earnestnes to have us over.

3. - This day we made out, both my wyff and I, towards # Putachie. I desire to commend the famely to God. Let him also ordour and # direct our way. I waited on the E. of Murray in the morning. I found him # reservd and straitnd. I desir to aknouledg God in al that I meit # with. I heard that Innes elder was goeing to Darnway to the E. of Murray, # and was cald for, in ordour to the model of the militia. ... We wer al # night at the mills of Towie. We heard by Kat. Watson that our friends wer # somwhat recoverd. ... We mett with young Bellendalach at Whytlumms; # visited Leslie by the way; and cam before evening to Putachie. We found # the Mr. verie weak and low; ther condition was mor dangerous than # we apprehended. They wer both dull of hearing. 5. - I heard Mr. Duncan Forbes had bein there with them, bot # staid not; only went to a roum and prayd. ... The young persons wer not in # cace to hear or receave a word from him thorou ther sicknes. 10. - I heard som accounts what the shires in the South were # doeing anent the modl. I heard of Park's quarrels against me. I desir # to giv him no ground of offence; al I intended was to be securd. I cam # away from Putachie this morning, and cam to Elgin at night. I heard that # the E. of Murray was gone. I had purposd to have sein him. 11. - Most of the gentlemen of the shire wer gone over Spey # with the E. of Murray. ... I did sie great appearance of carying on the # modl. ... I cam hom towards evening. 14. - I read Calvin on a part of 50 and 51 of Jeremy. ... # Al=r.= Dunbar, the sheriff's brother, was heir. ... Granghil and Glasach wer # heir. I was invited to a christning of Glasach's child to morrow. I would # fain have declined it; yet I yeilded. Let it be no snar to me. Mr. Jo. # Stewart spok to Lethen and me anent Aik[\in\]wais affairs, and the mariag # betwixt Duncan Forbes and ther daughter; pressd me to do somewhat. We ended # som affairs concerning our friend Miltoun, in taking on us som of # his debt. [^THE DIARY OF ANDREW HAY OF CRAIGNETHAN, 1659-1660. ED. A.G. REID. SCOTTISH HISTORY SOCIETY, 39. EDINBURGH 1901. SAMPLE 1: PP. 52.21-67.29 SAMPLE 2: PP. 84.13-88.29 SAMPLE 3: PP. 183.10-190.15^]

14 (^June^) , (^Twysday^) , 4 (^acloak^) . - This morning # being in Waristoun's hous in Ed=r= after I was readie the lady Waristoun cam up to Sir Jo=n= and me, and sat in our chamber from 4 till 8 a cloak. We did read my lord's letters entreating her ernestly to come up, and after debating all circumstances we advysed her to settle her bussiness, and go as quicklie as may be with the returne of my lord Argyle's coach, which is to be heer on twysday. My lord writes the peace betwixt France and

Spaine is now concluded, and that the Grandees inclyned to have sent S=r= Jo. Ch: a pleinpotentiary to the Zound, if he # had been at London. About 8 acloak I went up to my sister's, and made me readie to go to Humbie being sent for, and then I spok with Pat Murray, who warranded me to give doun 100 lib to the tennents of Deuchar and Kershope. I spok also to M=r= Ja. Calderwood, who told me Dalkeith bussiness was delayed till Thursday cum 8 dayes in hopes of agreement with the lady Weemes. At 12 acloak W=m= Thomsone took me in, and spok with me anent Jo. Edgar. I left with him to satisfy Sir Jo=n= Cheislie # and therafter acquaint me, and I should doe my best to aggree him with Jo=n= Edgar, therafter I took my horse and went to Humbie about 5 a cloak. I sat with the lady about ane houer and told her all things I knew from her father, and of news; imediatlie I fell so exceedinglie sick as I was able to do # nothing, but go to my naked bed, wher I lay in great paine till 10 at night, fearing death. The lady satt up all night weeping and fearing my distemper to be lik that whereof her husband dyed. This was a sad day at night, but els indifferent. A drying day with some wind. 15, (^Wednesday^) , 8 (^acloak^) . - This morning being in Humbie after I was readie being still unweall but much eased both of my fever and paine yesternight, I found myself much bound to blisse the Lord. I made ane accompt to the lady of that bussiness concerning M=r= Gedeon Penman to persew him by ane reduction; I looked on the inventar of the houshold stuffe and mended some things that were to dear rated. Therafter the lady and I fell into a debate concerning her going to the # Bath, seeing now she finds herself certainly free of child, only she was puzzled what to doe with her child, which she thought she wold never leav but unwillinglie. I told her that if she used # not some means now, it was lik she wold prove a creple all her # dayes, and doubtless the more she trusted to God he wold be the more kynd and mercieful to her, howsoever we left it till the lady Waristoun came out; only I wrote a letter to the lady Waristoun not to engadg any part of the coach, till she speak with her daughter the lady Humbie.

We dyned together in Humbie, and therafter looked out some papers in the study, and then came S=r= Ja Durhame and visited the lady, I discoursed with them above ane hour and so he went. Toward night cam the lady Inglistoun, and she and the Lady and I discoursed anent the lady's condition, and so I went to my chamber and retired myself till supper tyme, and found myself a litle better nor I was. This was a good day to my soule. A fair, drying day. 16 (^June^) , (^Thursday^) , 6 (^acloak^) . - This morning # being in Humbie after I was readie I went to the Ladye's chamber, and debated with her and the lady Inglistoun anent her journey to the Bath. I refused to give her positive counsall in that matter, but I thought she was called of God to use means for recoverie of her health and I left so with her being very # loath to let me go, that upon her advertisement I should come to Humbie. About 11 acloak we dyned together, and did therafter eat strawberryes, and so I parted and cam home thro' the moores, by the way I did read upon a mirrie french book called (\Reveile matin contre la melancholie\) . I cam home after 6 at night, and by the way I spok to Jamie Robisone at Skirling to have ane cair of my hors at the grasse ther. After I cam home I found a letter from the lady Humbie inviting me to come to Humbie which had miscaryed till now, I found also a letter from W=m= Thomsone making me ane accompt of Jo=n= Edgars bussiness at length; I found my wife and children in health, for which I blisse the Lord. I found that M=r= Ja. Kirkton had been at this hous upon Twysday all night waiting for me, when he cam from Lanerick communion.

So after I had retired myself being very wearie, I supped and went to dutie. This was a tollerable good day to me. A windie day with some raine. 17, (^Friday^) , 7 (^acloak^) . - This morning after I was # readie I went to Bigger and spok with M=r= Alex=r= Levingstone and some of the elders who desyred me to draw up ane dispositioun of the toure in Bigger be James Broun to the Minister and Sessioun for 400 mks.; also that we should supplicat my L. Wigtoun for some old timber in the Boghall to be a roofe to the toure to be a schoole; M=r= Alex=r= told me that he had heard some reports of mosse troupers but there's no certainty. Therafter I went to the Boghall with W=m= Crightoun and saw only five jests and a peece of ane old fluiring which # could be usefull for us; then I cam home and dyned with my wiffe, and in the afternoone I caused Hew Nisbit write, and I dictated ane dispositioun of the said toure and putt in it a pro~=rie= of resegnat=n= and a precept of seasing. I heard from London of a malicious paper in print and read it, called the Characters of some Scotch grandees, etc. It is against Waristoun, Argyle, Swyntoun, Co=l= Lockert and David Barclay, and is most bitter; it is supposed to be composed by Christop. Irwing, Pat. Oliphant, Geo. Pittilloch, and one W=m= Miller. I saw another paper in write concerning the Reformation of all the Judicatories in Scotland. The Scots affairs are committed to Waristoun, Vaine, S=r= Jo=n=, Jo Desborow Lambert, Galloway, etc. Thereafter I retired at night. This was a tollerable good day. A drying day after morning raine.

18 (^June^) , (^Saturnday^) , 7 (^acloak^) . - This morning # after I was readie I wrote a letter to my brother concerning my coming to Haystoun on Monday, if God will. I wrote another letter to M=r= Arch. Porteous to go thither with me to see my brother's daughter who is taken with the epilepsie. After I had breakfasted, my aunt Katherin cam to me and shew me she was in distresse. I gave her a dollar. She told me that the lady Smythfield died upon Wednesday last and was buryed yesterday, and that she had left all she had to her son W=m=, and so she went away home. About 12 acloak I dyned with my wiffe, who was very unweel all this day. After denner I walked to the mosse and found that the peats wer not yet dry. I caused bring home the powny and stugged him. Therafter I did read a litle on the litle french book against melancholy becaus my spirit was sad. Toward evening I retired myself to my weekly search, and found that I had not walked this week suitable to the large allowance the Lord gave me the last sabbath, for which I was sory, yet I resolved in the Lord's strenth to amend it in time to come, and so I went to prayer, wherin also the Lord was good to me. This day I find M=r= Sam Jonstoun is dead, and my band is assigned unto his son Alex=r=. At night I went to family dutie, and so to supper. This day was prettie free of outward temptations. A mixed day, wind and some raine. 19, (^The Lords Day^) , 7 (^a'cloak^) . - This morning after # I was readie I went to Bigger kirk, and heard M=r=. Alex. Lev. # lecture on Exod. 33; cap hath 2 parts. Some means for reclaiming that people and Moses familiar dealing with God. (^v.^) 1. OBS. That sinfull practices provock the Almighty to be ashamed of a people. 2=o= That the choise way of consolation in a sad tyme is to act faith on the Cov=t=. (^v.^) 2. OBS. That folk may # find reall demonstrations of divine pouer that have not his heart toward

them (^v.^) 3. That ther is much mercy in God's acquainting sinners with this contraversie. (^v.^) 4. That its a relevant # cause of mourning to mourn for Gods anger. (^v.^) 7. that its a # forrunner of sad judgm=t= when God threatens departure and folk lay it not to heart many more. OBS=s= on 2=d= pt of cap, etc. He preached on Math. 4.12. In the text 4 things. The tyme when Christ preached first, the place wher, the reason of it, and the preaching itself. 6 considerations for illustrating of the time when he preached. 1=o= It was the happines of all nations. 2=o= It was at the 30=th= yeir of his age. 3=o= It was when Jo=n= was fast. 4=o= Such as Jo=n= must not preach long. # 5=o= Jo=ns= lot should not terrify others. 6=o= Persecution maks # Christ appear and help. As for the place, 2 reasons of it. Eminent men are never more undervalued nor in the place wher they are borne, etc. Afternoone he lectured on 2 Pet. 1. 8, etc., consisting of many argts to presse grouth in grace and holines. (^v.^) 8. # OBS. That the way to pleas God is to have thes graces abounding in ws. 2=o= The more thes graces abound, the more shall we abound in saving knowledg. (^v.^) 11. That holines is the only way to get ane open dore to heaven. (^v.^) 12. That folk that even know their dutie are very ready to forget it under a temptation. (^v.^) 14. That its a ready way for following # dutie, to intertein constant thots of death, etc. Therafter he preached on Math. 4. 13. The 3=d= thing is the reason of Christ's preaching ther, to fulfill a prophecie from Isai. 9. 1. explained. OBS. that a people living w=t=out Christ are in a sad state, and under the shaddow of death, 3 counsalls how to intertein Christ as light. Considering what we wer once hath 3 fruits. Christ differs from vther preachers, becaus he hath the keyes of David, etc. After sermons, I cam hom and retired, and so to familie dutie. I found my spirit sad, but it was a tollerable day. A cold windie day, and some raine. 20 (^June^) , (^Munday^) , 6 (^acloak^) . - This morning # M=r= Ro=t= Broun and M=r= Arch. Porteous cam to me betymes. After I was readie we took our breakfast together, and therafter we went away to Haystoun to visite my brother's child subject to the # epilepsie.

By the way we heard great reports of the rysing of the mosse troupers, but no certaintie of it. I called at Hallyard and # saw the good wiffe of Hundlhope who told me that her husband had been imprisoned thes 5 weeks in Peebles at Monnerhews instance for 2000 mks. We cam to Haystoun at noone, and dyned with my brother and his wiffe. After denner M=r= Arch. Porteous appointed some things for the child and wold have gone, but my brother being ernest, I moved him to stay, so we went to the feilds together; my brother shew me he had built a new dyke about the Rye yard which cost him 200 mks. He told me the maner of the lady Smeithfeilds death. That seing her sone S=r= Jo=n= so consumed with the french disease, immedeatlie death seased on her and she took bed, and never arose againe, that she had left her moveables the one half to her daughter and the other half to her son W=m=. My brother told me also he had been in Ed=r= and had delivered to Mary 500 mks. and taken my discharge thereof for my use, also my last terms anual rent extending to 225 # mks. and had gotten my discharges, both which I left with Mary. I cam in with my brother, and so we went altogether to supper, and therafter to bed. This was but a raving day to me. A very warme, faire day. 21, (^Twysday^) , 4 (^acloak^) . - This morning being in # Haystoun after I was readie I went to breakfast with M=r= Ro=t= Broun # and M=r= Arch. Porteous, and then we took our horse and cam away homward. My brother convoyed us to the Needpath, and so left us. Therafter we cam to the Stane and took some # refreshment. I went to Bigger to the sermon. I heard M=r= Alex=r= Levingstone on Jude 8. In the text 4 things: a comparison betwixt them and uthers, a description of these, he speaks of ane enumeration of their faults, and a reproofe to them. OBS. that tho all sines are not of one # degree, yet all sines are equally abhominable in Gods sight. OBS. 2, that pernicious erroneous persons are but filthy dreamers pleasing themselves in sinfull pleasures. Error is a dream, 3 wayes. 6 rules how to be free of thes dreames and mistakes

about our condition. OBS. last that error in judgme=t= brings furth error in practise, etc. After sermon I went to the sessioun where we ordered some discipline and concluded the closing of the bargaine of the schoole with James Broun, and I was appointed to draw a supplication to my L. Wigtoun for the old timber in Boghall. At 12 acloak M=r= Alex=r= and M=r= Rot. Broun and his wife went all doune with me and dyned at the Stane, and stayed a whyle in the afternoone. After they were gone I went to the feilds, then I resaved a letter (being speaking with M=r= # Alex=r= anent John Callanders coming to Humbie) from S=r= Jo=n= # Cheislie and another from the Lady Humbie be her footman, both desiring me to be in Ed=r= tomorrow, which I promised if the Lord will, and so I went to dutie. This was a tolerable day to me. A prettie faire day. 22 (^June^) , (^Wednesday^) , 6 (^acloak^) . - This morning # after I was readie I went to Ed=r= for meeting with the lady Waristoun befor she go to London, by the way I called at Dolphintoun and saw him and his wife and acquainted him that the lady Humbie was going to the Bath, he said he wold readlie have gone if he had more tyme to prepare himself. I cam to Ed=r= about 3 acloak, and went to my sister's hous

who told me she had resaved 720 mks. from my brother for me and she wanted 5 merks. Therafter I went doun and saw the lady Waristoun who told me that she had agreed with the coachman for 26 lib. sterling and that they wer to go away on Munday nixt. She told me also that her lord had written home that ther are great fears of ane invasioun upon all the 3 kingdomes. Toward night S=r= Jo. Cheislie cam and then we conferred together a long tyme anent my lord Waristouns condition, being continued still all the moneth president of the Councel # of State. I spok with Pat Murray anent the tennents of Deuchar who seemed to be satisfyed, albeit I could not get money to him till neer Lambes. My sister told me her husband was fyned in 35 lib. sterling for the Renish wyne he brought home. So I cam doun and supped with the lady Waristoun and S=r= # Jo=n=, and they moved me to stay ther all that night, therfor I retired myself and so I went to bed. This was but a raving day. A windie, ranie day. 23, (^Thursday^) , 7 (^acloak^) . - This morning being in # Ed=r=, after I was readie I made some enquirie about money for the lady Humbies journey bot could find none. I resaved a letter from her shewing me that she had resaved 2000 mks. from M=r= Ja. Kirktoun, and that he desyred a cautioner, and entreating me to speak with M=r= Brand to be cautioner for her, but I thought it not expedient least she should get a refusal, for he was craving his accompt of funeralls from her in the tyme. I was with the lady Wariston and S=r= Jo=n= closse all this # fornoone consulting about the lady's affairs, both in the familie and in their office. The familie is committed to the lady Redhall, and the managing of their office to the severall # clerks, and so I left them, and went to denner. After denner M=r= W=m= Cheislie lent the lady 4000 mks. and I lent him 40 lib. to mak it out, which he promised to repay me againe. About 4 acloak at night I went to my horse and went out to Humbie; I cam ther about 7 ho=rs=, and conferred with the lady a long tyme

anent her journey to the Bath and the disposing of her estate and her child. We resolved to let her daughter stay in Humbie, and that her cusigne M=rs= Gray should wait upon her. Therafter I wrote l=ers= to all the freinds and she subscryved them to meet att Humbie upon Saturnday for ordering her affairs. And after supper I retired myself and then went to bed. This was a tolerable good day. A prettie faire day, and warme. 24 (^June^) , (^Fryday^) , 7 (^acloak^) . - This morning # being in Humbie, after I was readie, the Lady and I went to the studie, and I drew ane memorandum of all things to be proposed to the freinds in order to the journey, and tho=t= it fittest to let # them move things, and we either to concurre or not, according as we found expedient; the lady told me she had a mynd to mak her testament, and desyred my help in it, but I told her that I wold not medle in that bussiness least if the lord should call her, I might be judged to be too officious to medle in that which was betuixt her and her neerest relations. About noone we dyned, and M=r= Jo=n= Stirling with us, who desyred ernestly that the lady Waristoun might come be Bothens and see my Lady Tweddale, wherof I promised to advertise her. In the afternoone I did help the Lady to putt all her # things in order for her journey, and caused her send in all her # silver work and most considerable papers to Ed=r=, and becaus she had no gold, that she should tak one of her best rings with her to Ingland in case of a strait. About 4 acloak I went out and helpit to adjust the garden for building the wall of it. Then cam M=r= Jo=n= Drummond, and he and I walked a long time in the garden, and then went in and spok a whyle with the Lady. About 9 we went to supper, and in the midst of it cam Sir Jo=n= Cheslie and told us the lady wold be heer on Munday; so after supper we retired and I went to bed and lay with S. Jon. This was a tollerable good day. A tollerable fair day.

25, (^Saturnday^) , 6-7 (^acloak^) . - This morning being in # Humbie, after I was readie I mett with the Lady and S=r= Jo. Cheislie, # and we debated severall bussinesses relating to her, which was # expedient to be proposed to friends and what not. After breakfast all the freinds being met, we went thro severall points of her affairs, and concluded 1=o= That the child should stay at Humbie under the care of M=rs= Gray, and in case of sickness or trouble in the countrey be removed to Inglestoun. 2=o= that the testa=t= be confirmed, and the lady to find a cautioner, and # recommend it to Keith to mend some things in the inventary. 3=o= we payed M=r= Jo=n= Drummond for David's annuity till Mertimes nixt by assigning him to Whittinghames band of 4600 mks. 4=o= we aggreed that Michael Melin should provyd money for the lady. 5=o= we consented to a warrand to Alexander Borthwick to pay for building the garden wall and uther dykes, etc. In the afternoone after we had dyned altogether, they went away, and I caused the lady send in one thousand merks to Ed=r= to be returned by bill to London to her, and I promised to be surtie for the 2000 mks. to M=r= Kirtoun. In the evening I retired myself and went to the feilds, and fell upon my weekelie search, wherein I find too much tumbling up and doun, which brings in but very little honour to God. I find my vow of faithfulness and frequencie in duty not conscionable aneugh performed, for which the Lord pardon me for Christ's sake. Afterward I cam in the exercise and then to supper, and so retired, and to bed. This was a tollerable day, I blisse God. A fair day, but not very warme. 26 (^June^) , (^The Lords Day^) , 7 (^a'cloak^) . - This # morning being in Humbie after I was readie and had ended familie dutie, I went to the church and heard M=r= Ja. Calderwood lecture on Math. 25.14, etc. In the parable 3 things, the Lord's departure, the improvement of the talents, and the accompt they mak. OBS. 1, That every man has his talent wherein he may be serviceable to God. 2=o= That the Lord gives not gifts alik, nor in like measure unto all. 3=o= That we must not envy these to whom the Lord givs large measur of gifts. 4=o= That God doth not exact more of his people nor they are able. 5=o= From him that

had one talent, OBS. that idlenes is a very fearfull sin. # From the accomp=t= given, OBS. That such as improve the weak gifts God gives them, shall not want their reward. 2=o= that the judiciall processe in the great day, will run manely on works. 3=o= That men are condemned for not doing of good, etc. Therafter he preached on Math. 5. 6. 2. By righteousnes is meant Christ's imputed righteousnes. In the text 3 the frame of the godlie, their blisednes, and the confirma~ion of # it OBS. 1, That the righteousnes of Jesus Christ is a very # desirable thing. What this righteousnes is; the desirablenes of it in 6 considerations. 3 considera=t=ns anent the sin of leaning to # our oune righteousnes and neglecting Christ's OBS. 2, that its the frame and disposi=o=n even of the meanest of Gods people to desire earnestly Christ's righteousnes; 2 considera=o=ns anent # the workings of the soule. OBS. 3, That such as hunger after righteousnes are blissed, etc. In the afternoone he preached on 2=d= com~and, Exod. 20. 4. In the text is a prohibition and a comination, backed with 2 argts. one taken from Gods justice, another from his mercie. Something bidden, and something forbidden in this com~and; ther is a totall, and a partial neglect of worship. We ought to regard the maner as weell as the matter of worship. OBS. that wicked idolatrous parents are worst of all uthers unto their children. 2=o= that to be godly and worship God is the best way to doe good unto your children. 3=o= that loving of God and keeping his comands are twines and inseparable, etc. After sermones I cam home to Humbie, and retired myself in secret, and therafter we went to familie exercise. I found this a favourable day to my soule, and the Lord gave me good allowance in dutie, blessed be he. A very seasonable raine all day. 27, (^Munday^) , 6 (^acloak^) . - This morning being in # Humbie after I was readie I went with the lady and resaved from her all her keyes which she entrusted to me as to a freind. She told me that she had left her testam=t= in her litle cedar box which she desyred should not be opened till she returne or els be removed by death. At breakfast cam up the laird of Keith and the lady, and took leave of the lady Humby, and seemed

to be somewhat displeased, becaus of the ladys respects to me. Therafter came the laird and lady Ingleston, and brought a l=re= of excuse from the Lady Waristoun that she could not come this way, and desyred me to write a l=r= to the lady # Tweddale to excuse her, which I did. We dyned altogether in Humbie, and after denner I did read the news from London, that Waristoun was still President, and still more rumors of the invasion of this Iland from France and Spaine. About 4 acloak my father cam to Humbie, and therafter we went all from thence; The lady Humbie to # Newmylns, and S=r= Jon. and I to Haddingtoun, and not finding the lady Waristoun there but that she was gone to Bothens, we wer desyred to go ther all night, and when I parted with my brother, he desyred me to speak to the lady Waristoun in his behalf. At 8 acloak we cam to Bothens and ther resaved l=res= againe from London, and a pece written be Pittilloch for opening the Session. After supper I went to bed, being made very welcome. This was but a raving day. Much raine fell this day. 28 (^June^) , (^Twysday^) , 4 (^acloak^) . - This morning # being in Bothens, after I was readie I took a drink, and left all the strangers in bed, and went down to the Newmylns to meet and convoy the young lady Humbie to Dumbar wher all the company had trysted at 10 hours, but she was gone betymes, and so I rode very hard, and over took her within a myle of Dumbar, wher we cam at 8 a'cloak. After I cam ther, the lady and her maid and I met privatlie, wher the Lord allowed me very much comfort and tenderness in prayer, and therafter she recommended ernestly to me the care of her daughter and all her affairs. Then we did # breakfast altogether there; about 11 acloak cam M=rs= Gilespie and about 12 acloak cam the lady Waristoun from Bothens, and being all mett, they spok a litle together, and therafter I # took leave of them all, and putt them into the coach, and convoyed them a litle beyond Dumbar, and so returned with S. Jo. Cheislie and Inglestoun and his lady to Haddingtoun, and by the way saw the old lady Humby. After we had stayed there

2 houres we took horse againe, and Sir Jo. cam along with me at my desyre to Humbie all night, wher we saw the child in good health. I went and visited the keyes and papers the lady had entrusted to me, and did remove the chartar kist to the wardrob according to her direction. About 9 at night we went to family duty and so to supper and therafter to bed. S=r= Jo=n= and I lay together as # formerlie. This was a good day to my soule I thought. Warme and fair till night, then raine. 29, (^Wednesday^) , 7 (^acloak^) . - This morning being in # Humbie, after I was readie I spok to John Skirving to have a cair of # all things about the hous, and to Christian Lawsone to cair for # all things within the hous, and to M=rs= Gray to have a cair of the child, and I recommended all unto the Lord, being called therunto becaus the lady had made a factory to me and trusted me with all she had. After we had breakfast ther, I took my leave, and desyred M=rs= Gray to send a footman imediatlie to me upon any # alteration of the child, which she promised to do, therafter Sir Jo. Cheislie and I went straight to Dalkeith to see the Gen=ll=. We cam ther about 12 acloak, and dyned in the toune. After denner we went in and saw the Gen=ll=, wher I observed # a strange providence. I had a pistoll in my pockett, and when the corporall was ryping me at the gate he had it in his hand, and yet observed it not, so I escaped without any trouble, blissed be God, which should teach me to be more warrie in tyme coming. We stayed with the Gen=ll= all the afternoone and had many discourses with him, he neither feared foraigne invasion from French nor Spanish, nor any trouble of mos troupers, becaus he said he had assured all the Highlands. We told him if need wer, we would ask libertie to cary armes, which he promised. At 8 acloak at night we took our horse, and cam into Ed=r=. My lord Cocheran being with us, and I had a great colick. I lay at my sister's hous.

This was a tollerable good day to me. Fair before, and very foule afternoone. 30 (^June^) , (^Thursday^) , 6-7 (^acloak^) . - This morning # being in Ed=r=, after I was readie I went and delivered a band to the lady Jerviswood of 2000 mks. granted be the lady Humbie principall, and myself at her desyre cautioner, to Mr Ja=s= Kirktoun and his wiffe. Therafter I resaved from my sister 407 lib., which she gott from my brother for me. I putt 400 lib. in the lady Humbies trunk, together with some papers of concernment. At 11 acloak I mett with W=m= Thomsone and Jo=n= Edgar, and at lenth I aggreed them for paying to W=m= Thomsone 10000 merks, and he to discharge all his right of apprysing to Jo=n= Edgar's hous, and so I dyned in Ja=s= Tarbits hous, and therafter wrote a letter to the lady Humbie. Afterward I went up and visited the lady Humbies trunk in her father's hous, and then went doun and saw my lord Brodie and took leav of him, and at 5 acloak I took horse and galloped home ag=t= 9. When I cam home I found a letter from Mr Ro=t= Hay to me, anent ane accompt of duke Hamiltons bussiness, which I resolve to ans=r=, and speak to my brother to forbear pressing 200 mks. which he is owing to my lord Errol. I found M=r= Ro=t= Broun at our hous, who had been ingadging some brethern to help him at his communion, which is to be upon sabbath come ane fortnight, and I found my wiffe and children in good health, for which I blisse the Lord. So, after we had supped, I went about dutie in the familie, and so we parted, and went to bed. This was a confused but successfull day. A very seasonable, faire day.

1 (^July^) , (^Fryday^) , 7-8 (^acloak^) . - This morning # after I was readie, M=r= Alex=r= Levingstoun and M=r= Thomas Laurie cam # doun and visited me. I told them all the neus; that the peace of Spaine and France was lik to have had influences apon this iland, and that the quarrell was lik to turne papist and # protestant; that the Protector was fled from the hazard of arrestment of merchantts for mournings for his father's funerals. Andrew Steinsone told me also that ther wer 2 bales of papist books directed to him as if they had been paper, and that many such had been vented within thes few yers. About 10 a'cloak, M=r= Ro=t= Broun and M=r= Tho. Laurie and # I went up to Bigger, and becaus it was the fair day I wold not stay, but mett with M=r= Jon Rae, and imediatlie cam doun againe. And therafter I sent to Helen Broun a doller, and to David Thorburne 4 lib. and so my wiffe and I dyned together with M=r= Jo=n= Rae and his wiffe at our hous. In the afternoone I found myself exceeding lasie and unfitt for any service or work, and so I went to the feilds and had # my oune thoughts of my bussinesse, and found that I had much reason to wrestle with God in behalf of the trust he hath put over upon me in reference to the lady Humbie and her daughter, and to remember them at every tyme I bow my knee to the Lord. Toward night I did read awhyle on Spencer's new and old things, and so went to familie dutie, resolving to go to Kilbocho sermons tomorrow if the Lord will, and so I went to supper. This was but an ill day to my soule. A faire warme day.

19, (^Tuysday^) , 6 (^acloak^) . - This morning after I was # readie I drew a petition in favor of Thomas Geddes for supplie, and sent it with my wiffe to M=r= Alex=r= to be subscribed by the # Presbrie. After breakfast I took my horse and went away to Haystoun, and by the way having so trysted I called on Kirkurd, but he was gone. I cam to Haystoun about 1 acloak and found there all the tenants of the Deuchar waiting for me. So my brother counted with them all, and wold not suffer me to doe it. I told him that he had promised no meddling more with the tenants, but he denyed the samyne and professed he wold still meddle, ay till he wer legallie discharged and secured. I thought it not fitt to contend with him in words, there be no law patent. After compt and reckoning with the tenants and discussing them, I was content to tak my oune part and Pat Murrays and Ja=s= Chrysties. I had resaved in money of all 700 lib., # which was 25 lib. Scots to every thousand merks, and so my brother keept Bridgfurd's part extending to 100 lib., and I took the rest with me and gave my broy=r= my note for it, that I had # resaved the saym. After this I dyned with my brother about 4 acloak at night.

He told me that M=r= Pat Oliphant had vented many base calumnyes against my lord Waristoun, so about 4 and a half I took my leave of my brother, and went away that night to Humbie to see the child. I was exceeding wearie when I cam ther being late, and so after I had eaten a little, I found a great pane in my head and went to my chamber. I resaved 2 l=res= from the lady Humbie: One dated at Duncaster and another at London July 12, and so I went to dutie. This was a barren day of meditation but successful. This was a very warme day. 20, (^Wednesday^) , 7 (^acloak^) . - This morning being in # Humbie after I was readie I looked some of the trunks q=r=of I had the keys, to see that nothing therein was spoiled. I blissed the Lord that I found the child so weell in health in Humby, and that I heard from the mother also that she was much better since she went away, as she writes to me, wh. was a singular trysting mercie. About 10 acloak Alex=r= Borthwick cam and I acquainted him that I had gotten a letter from the lady # desyring some money to be sent unto her, but he protested he had no money to doe the little things that wer recommended to him, and that the tennents wer exceedingly poore, and had nothing in their hands at this tyme of the yeir, and so he went. About noone I dyned with M=rs= Gray and M=r= William, and after denner I walked doune to the mylne and saw the mason compleating the bridge ther, and I desyred him to come the morne to the garden dyke, and not leave it againe till he outred it, which he promised to doe. Therafter I walked thro the parks and saw my sons litle naig, and so cam in again to the hous. About 4 acloak M=r= Andrew Borthuick cam to me, and we conferred anent M=r= Gedeon Penman's committee, which is to sitt upon Tuysday come eight days. I desyred him to draw a petition to that committee and I should cary it west to Sir Jo=n= Chiesly to amend it and send it in againe to him; so we went in to the study and found out his seasings, and saw great presumptions of his appropriating the church rent to his oune use.

Toward night I retired and therafter cam to supper, being very unweel I was not able to eat. This was a tollerable good day to me. A closse, warme day. 21, (^Thursday^) , 6 (^acloak^) . - This morning being in # Humbie after I was readie I copyed over the accompt betuixt my broy=r= and the tennents of Deuchar, and therafter I went to # breakfast, and so took my leave of them at Humbie. I cam be M=r= Ja=s= Calderwood and saw him, who told me that M=r= W=m= was at Dalkeith at the exercise upon his tryells for the kirk of # Dalkeith. Therafter I cam by Keith, and told him the great need the lady Humbie had of money, and to try him, desyred his advice how to get some. He told me he thought Michael had none, and for himself he protested he had not 5 lib. ster=l= in the world, so I left him after he had told me that the freinds wer going about to settle Adam and contract him. About 1 acloak I cam to Ed=r=, and after I had shifted # myself in my sisters, I went doune to M=rs= Brand and saw her l=res= # from London, and told her I was to give her some money for the lady Humbie. I spok to M=r= Jo=n= Drummond, who told me that Prestons money was readie, and that it should be given to Allantoun for the soume dew to him. He thought also Michael should give money to the ladie. So I cam to Michael being sick, and with some difficultie I got from him upon my receipt 45 lib. Ster=l= for the ladye's use; and so I went out # to Redhall and saw Waristoun's children all weel, and came in againe and resaved a letter from the lady Humbie dated London 16 July. Therafter I wrote a long letter to her acquainting her with all her business, and that I had # delivered to M=rs= Brand 100 lib. Ster=lg= for her use, and sent it away # by the post. Therafter I spok to Ja. Crystie that I had his money readie for him, and so I cam home, and supped in my sisters hous, and so to dutie and to bed. This was a tollerable good day also. A warme day and some clouds of raine.

22 (^July^) , (^Fryday^) , 5-6 acloak. - This morning being in # Ed=r= after I was readie I went doun the way, and delivered to M=rs= Brand 100 lib. Ster=l= for the lady Humbies use, to be answered to her at London, and took M=rs= Brand's receipt therupon. She cast much of it as ill money, and so I have behind 10 mks. of ill money which rested of the 1000 mks. was left with me becaus Michaell gave me 45 lib. Ster=l=, which being added to 55 lib. Ster=l= maks 100 lib., and so rests 10 mks. over the 55 # lib. to mak 1000 mks. Therafter I went to seek Pat Murray to give him his money, but could not find him, and therfor I delivered to his good broy=r= Ro=t= Bard 195 lib. and took his note, he get me # Patricks ticket of receipt of it. Therafter not finding Ja. Crystie at his chamber I told his man that he might call for his money fra Jo=n= Thomas, and so I delivered to Jo=n= Thomas 50 lib. to # be given to Ja. Crystie, and he get his note of receipt therof # fra me, and keip it for me. After this I cam to my chamber and ther Andrew Stevisone delivered to me 2 of these popish books had been sent to him # as they had been paper, q=r=of I caryed the one to S=r= Jo=n= and promised to send him S=r= Jo=n's= advyce q=t= to doe with thes # bookes. I caused remove the lady Humbies trunk out of her father's hous into my sisters hous for fear of any hazard that might befall it ther. About 1 acloak I took my horse and cam away, and becaus I had severall l=res= to Sir Jo. I cam be Kerswall way. I dyned by the way at Redhall with Cradoun, and saw all my lord Waristoun's children in health. Therafter I went on to # Kerswall, and missing Sir Jo=n= I was not able to ryde any farder that night, so I stayed and supped with the lady, being very unweel. This was a tollerable day to me. Most pairt raine all day. 23, (^Saturnday^) , 6-7 (^acloak^) . - This morning being in # Kerswell, after I was readie, I took leave of the lady, and then

took my horse and went to Quodq=n=, q=r= I saw my sister weel # and M=r= Ro=t=. I stayed with them half an houer, they told me they wer going to the west countrie upon tuysday nixt. Therafter I went to Culter to meet with Sir J=on= Cheislie. After I had given him his l=res= he gave me them to read, q=r= I found that # the Government is still unsettled, that ther is fear of ane # invasioun, and of ane insurrectioun of discontented persones w=t=in the countrey. He advysed Andrew Stevisone to comunicat his bussiness to M=r= Douglas, that he may tak his way to comunicat it or not to the Gen=ll=, and that he have a cair to save him harmless both as to the hazard and to the charges. I was desyred to keep Munday come 8 dayes at Culter for devyding of their co~moun. About 12 acloak I cam away from Culter, being very unweel I cam home, and sleept neer 2 hours. About 4 houers cam Sir Daniel Carmichael and visited me and stayed ane houer, therafter cam Elsp Greg and her good brother and Ja=s= Rae, and stayed a whyle, and after they wer gone I # retired myself to my weeklie search. I found that God had been very kind unto me throughout this week, but that I had not requitted the Lord as was my dutie. He hes graciously borne me through in the bussiness I had to doe, and I have # recompensed him ill for good. Among uther things I was exceedinglie hardened and bound up this day, which should be a thanks giving day, my predominant rebelling ag=t= me, the Lord curb it; so I retired to prayer. I had a letter from my broy=r= and anoy=r= fra De~on Law and one fra Ja. Hamilton anent my charter. This day my spirit was bound up and my heart hardened. Great clouds of raine and many this day.

7 (^Novemb=r=^) , (^Munday^) , 7 (^a'cloak^) . - This # morning being in Berwick after I was ready, becaus the Lady Humbie was not yet come, Gradoun and M=r= W=m= Thomsone and I walked round about upon the wall head of Berwick. I observed many iron guns upon the walls but only 1 brasse gun. Therafter we walked to the key and to the Bridg and cam in againe. I heard this day that Gen. Monk's men were marched no further nor than Anwick, and that Col. Lilburne with severall troups of the army had possessed himself of Newcastle and Tynmouth Castle, and that they keeped both good guards, but non of them cam neer to another. I see S=r= W=m= Selby his hous in Berwick making readie for my Lady Munk to lodge in all winter. About 12 a'cloak we dyned at our lodging hous in M=r= Conyers at the Common Wealth Armes, and therafter I went to the Schoole and to Katherin Maxwell's chamber to have seen her and her sone, but they wer not w=t=in. It is a new built Schoole - M=r= Web is master. Then we payed our reckoning, being very dear: Gradoun and I payed half and half, and so we took our hors and cam away to Gradoun. I left a letter with M=r= Ogle to the Lady Humbie q=n= she comes to Berwick, # desiring her to come to Gradoun. We cam to Gradoun againe towards evening. Ther I met with the lady Craigie, whom I find very sharp but exceeding perverse in her opinion of # anabaptisme. After supper I retired to my chamber and to bed. This was but ane idle, jacking day. Cold and haill afternoone.

8, (^Twysday^) , 7 (^a'cloak^) . - This morning being in # Gradoun, after I was ready I did read upon the history of K. Henry # 7=th=, written be S=r= Francis Bacon. How being Earle of Richmond he wan Bosworthfeild, and was proclaimed king in the feilds, and was therafter crouned at Westminster. How he made use of his 3 fold title to the Croun in the Parlia=t= as Henrie of Lancaster and husband to Elizabeth, eldest daughter to Edward 4=th=, also by his conquest, but leaned most to his oune blood and title, etc. At denner M=r= Ure, Minister of Norham, and his wife cam in and dyned with us. He told me that the present pouers wer about to abolish tyths and leav the ministry unprovided. After dinner the lady Craigie and I did reason a long tyme concerning anabaptisme, but she fell out in unsound and blasphemous expressions, alledging y=t= the scripture warranded contradictions, citing that place of # eating and not eating for conscience sake. Therafter cam Jo=n= Hume of Kello, who told us that Monk's men wer melting away some above 12 or 15 in one troup, and that he heard Lambert was coming doun. We sent a man to Berwick to wait on the lady Humbie. In the evening I did read on Bacon's story of Henry 7=th=, and finds him a most wise and fortunat prince, and how Perkin Warbeck molested the king as representing Richard 2=d=, sone to Edward 4=th=, etc. Therafter I went to supper, and so to my chamber a whyle and retired. This was a sad day and idle also. Raine and haill most p=t=. 9 (^Novemb=r=^) , (^Wednesday^) , 7 (^a'cloak^) . - This # morning being in Gradoun, after I was readie I did read out the story of Henry 7, and finds it weel written and the laws of the tymes weel remarked. He reigned 23 yers and maryed his eldest daughter upon James 4 King of Scotland, and dyed excessive rich. At breakfast the lady Humbie came to Gradoun, having been in Cornwall all night. She had come from York upon horsback. I found her prettie well recovered in her health, and she was very kind and respective; therafter she and I withdrew and prayed together, wher the Lord allowed me

much outletting. I spent the wholl fornoone with her. She told me she had spent 300 lib. ster., having bought many things. She told me it was weel for Scotland this Parlia=t= was raised, becaus they looked on us as a conquered province. That my L. Lambert was likelie to cary anything he pleased in the army and so in the State. That her father was hoples of good to Scotland from either partie, etc. We dyned late. After denner I made the Lady Humbie ane accompt of all her bussiness how it went since she went away, and wrot a letter for her to Ro=t= Andrew at Newcastle how all things went in Scotland. Therafter the lady and I communed together a long tyme anent q=t= was expedient to be done after her homcoming. Therafter I went to supper, where we had too great abundance. Then I retired, and did read on Hops practicks after I was in bed. Ane unfruitful day, yet a blink I had. A very foul day of raine and haill. 10, (^Thursday^) , 7 (^a'cloak^) . - This morning being in # Gradoun after I was readie I did read the declaration of the Councell of officers who now have the Gov=t= in their hands, wherin is tolleration promised and the taking away of tyths, which is lik to be destructive to religioun. Therafter we went to breakfast, and so took hors and cam away. I caryed the lady Humbie behind me y=t= I might speak with her all the way. We cam be Eccles and Stitchell, and at lenth cam to Mellerstane, wher we met with Jerviswood, who took us in and we took a drink with him. It is ane old melancholik hous that had had great buildings about it. He cam with us to Lauder at night. By the way the lady told me how at present ther wer women that preached publickly every week in the chappel at Whythall. How the City of London are decayed in their religioun, y=t= the sabbath is not observed, # but merchandise is made on that day; that S=r= Hen. Vaine and Major Galloway do preach every sabbath in their own houses, etc., which maks me fear judgment to be coming on that land. We cam to Lauder after it was dark, and ther met M=r= Ro=t= Symsone com post from London. I did read a litle book called the plots of Jesuits for overturning # protestant

religion and another solid peice containing overtures for union among the churches of the 3 nations, both which he brought from London with him. Therafter we supped and so we retired to our chambers. This was no ill day, I blisse the Lord. A very rainie day. 11 (^Novemb=r=^) , (^Fryday^) , 6 (^a'cloak^) . - This # morning being in Lauder after I was readie I went to breakfast w=t= Jerviswood and Gradoun, and therafter I cam away w=t= the lady Humbie and took leav of them. I conferred by the way with the lady, and found she had spent 300 lib. sterl. upon her journey to the Bath. I thought it was too much money, but was glade she had recovered her health. We cam to Humbie about 12 a cloak, and found the child and all freinds in good health, blissed be the Lord. Therafter we went to denner, and the laird of Keith and the lady and M=r= Ja. Calderwood cam to us. After denner I talked a whyle with M=r= Ja., who told me that all Munks troups wer come eastward toward England and wer lying in the thrie Lothians, and that the Gen=ll= was very resolut to fight upon the grounds he had layed doune. After they wer gone, I delivered all the keys and resigned all the trust which the lady had given me at her way-going unto herself againe, and so I accompted my self weel # acquitted. Toward night she and I conferred together a long time concerning the sad condition of her fathers familie, and how in makin his last will he had only left to his 4 youngest children 4 thousand merks, and that the money on Redhall was M=r= Brands except 8000 merks, and how he intended to com sune and leav his lady to agent his bussiness. So I supped non but took a drink and so retired. This was a good day, I blisse the Lord. Frost all day and snow at night. 12, (^Saturnday^) , 7 (^a'cloak^) . - This morning after I # was ready, being in Humbie, I resolved to go home, but much snow being fallen in the night I durst not venture, and the lady would not let me go. After I had breakfast she took me to her

study and shewed me her trunks which she had brought from London and q=t= cloaths she had bought, being all mourning, besydes some coats for her oune daughter and her sisters, besyds som very good peuter vessell very cheap. Afterward I dyned with the lady, and Alex=r= Borthwick cam to her, and told us how sad a condition the tenents wer in becaus of the scarcitie of the last crop, and that it was lik she wold get som roumes in her oune hand. Therafter I did read a while upon Davila in Inglish, which belongs to my lord Tweddal. Then the lady and I talked a long tym, and she told me all the particular way of the Bath. I was only disatisfyed that men and women sat together in one bath, and I found also that it was a very chargable thing to go about that cure. Toward night I retired myself to my weekly search, and found that the Lord had very graciously protected me through my journeys this week, and had allowed me also some blinks of his presence in dutie, for which I blisse his name; but that I had walked somq=t= loosely in my # communications, for which I beg his pardon. Therafter I went to dutie in family and had some allowance, and so retired. This was ane idle day to me, Lord pardon. Snow all nyt and frost all day. 13 (^Nov=r=^) , (^The Lords day^) , 7 (^a'cloak^) . - This # morning being in Humbie, after I was ready and gone about family dutie I went w=t= the lady to the Kirk, and heard M=r= Ja. Calderwood lecture on Rom. 1. 1-12. In the cap. ther is a preface and the mane proposition. The penman described from 3 things. OBS. that gifts and parts mak not men ministers, unles they be called of God, (^v.^) 2 OBS. that the doctrine of the # ghospell is no new thing. (^v.^) 3. that Jesus Christ is the subject # matter of the scriptures. (^v.^) 5. that ministers are a gift freely # given of God to his church. 2=o= that the free grace of God lights oftenest on the most unworthie. (^v.^) 7. OBS. 1, that # believers are dear to Christ. 2=o= that God's free love is the cause of all the saints mercies. 3=o= that grace calls us to be saints. 4=o= that God's favour is to be sought in the first place and outward things in the 2=d=, etc.

Therafter he preached on Math. 5. 11. OBS. that God is good and faithfull who tells his followers of the worst things they meet w=t=. 2=o= that wicked men have ever keenest hatred against faithfull ministers. OBS. 3, that we ought to apply the promises to ourselves if we wold have comfort in the day of adversity. 4 considerations to clear this point; 3 uses, and 3 marks to try if we have interest in the promises and may apply them. 5 directions anent applying the promises. Mak a catalogue of them, study interest in the great promise Christ, apply absolut promises if you can not conervall # promises, pray for light, and learne to look up qn you darr not apply, # etc. In the afternoone he preached on the 8=th= Command, Exod. 20.15. The things required in this precept are 1=o= liberality, 2=o= all means tending to it as contentedness of mind. 3=o= that men should be diligent in the stations qrn God has placed ym. 3=o= a sober use of that which they gane. 4=o= liberality both to ourselves and uthers. 5=o= restitution of goods unlawly purchased. 5 motivs to the dutie of equity and justice. 1=o= It's a part of Gods image. 2=o= without this your service to God is nought. 3=o= heerby yow honour God. 4=o= heerby you are saffe in evil times, and 5=o= many excellent things are spoken of it. After sermons I went home w=t= the lady and retired myself. The child Helen took a sore fitt of a colic. It troubled us but the Lord heard us for her. Therafter we went to familie dutie, and so to supper and prayed after. This was a good day. Blissed be the Lord for it. Frost in the morning, therafter raine. 14, (^Munday^) , 7 (^acloak^) . - This morning being in # Humbie after I was ready I did read a litle upon Davila his historie of the civill warrs of France concerning Henry 3, his causing murther Charles and Henry, 2 brothers, duke of Guyse and Cardinall of Lorraine at the assemblie of the states at Blois and his imprisoning the rest of the heads of the League. Therafter I took breakfast w=t= the lady and resaved som directiouns from her to send som silver plate out of her trunk in Ed=r= to Humbie, and after prayer I parted w=t= her and cam to Ed=r= about 2 acloak. In the afternoone I met with Doc=t=

Purves, who told me that ther wer 4 Commissioners com to Ed=r=, viz. Whaley and Crosse, and 2 ministers, Caryll and Baker, to signify to the army the Submissiouns of the # Independent Churches to the army in Ingland; I heard also that Lambert is this night in Newcastle, having com doun post, and some regiments are following him. Therafter I met w=t= Pat Murray, who desirs me to get the same right my brother has to Deuchar and he shall tak the same right from me that he has from my brother and give my brother his band back. I was also informed that the elections through all the shyres for the meeting tomorrow at Ed=r= was of the royall partie and noblemen for the most part. Therafter I went to the stationers, and bought Da. Fergusons Scots Proverbs and viewed som uther books about ane hour, and so I cam to my chamber in my good-broy=rs= hous, wher I supped and was in a very sad humour and after dutie I went to my bed. This was a sad and idle day to me. A fair, louring day. 15 (^Novemb=r=^) , (^Twysday^) , 7 (^a'cloak^) . - This # morning being in Ed=r= after I was ready I dispatched a letter to the lady # Humbie and acquainted her of M=rs= Brands craving her for money borrowed, and I delivered all the things to her servant Thomas Pait. Therafter M=r= W=m= Cheislie cam to me and caryed me to his chamber, wher I saw his cusign Jon. Chieslie and a Polish bed which he lay in. I cam up the way and spok with Hew M'Cullo anent 8 moneths cesse of Crightoun wherof I sent word to pay it. I did read ane ans=r= of the army of Ingland to the officers in Scotland y=r= letter dated at Linlithgow and the Scots officers reply to the said ans=r=, both which are full of # scripture and very fair pretences. Therafter I did breakfast with my good-brother and took leave.

Betwixt 10 and 11 acloak I took my horse and cam away homeward. By the way I found my heart very barren and # unfaithfull in meditations. I found much sadness upon my spirit; and came at length to Dolphintoun, wher I stayed neer ane hour. The laird was gone to Lanerick to a tryst w=t= Westraw. I cam home about 5 acloak at night and sent for Jon Callender and spok with him anent his going to Humbie; therafter I resaved a letter from M=r= Tho. Laurie and a lone of 3 books, and Montanus, Clerks examples, and Buxtorffs # lexicon. I resaved another letter from my brother desiring me to move S=r= Jo=n= to go to Bothans. I found my family in good health, I blisse the Lord, my wife only was unweel, so I went to dutie secret and privat. This was no ill day, I blisse the Lord. A sore day of raine and wind. [^THE DIARY AND GENERAL EXPENDITURE BOOK OF WILLIAM CUNNINGHAM OF CRAIGENDS, KEPT CHIEFLY FROM 1673 TO 1680. ED. JAMES DODDS. SCOTTISH HISTORY SOCIETY, 2. EDINBURGH 1887. PP. 1.1-22.2.^]

[}CUNNINGHAM OF CRAIGENDS DIARY AND HOUSEHOLD BOOK.}] Note of all things I do in reference to my Civill businesse, such as, Landsetting, Victual selling, any bargane making, or engaging my self any way. In brief, all my civill adoes that are worth the marking, and not contained in my compts of Charge and discharge of money, since my marriage or entry to Land. (^May^) 18, 1674. - I sold to Alex=r= Millar, my miller in Dennestoun, his meill cropt 1673, at 7 lb. the boll. The whole meill he pays, or now ows, for the sd cropt being only 8 bolls, he having payed in 6 furlots of his meill 1673 in former years to my father, so that my father is comptable to me for 3 of # the sd 6 furlots, the other 3 falling to himself, for the reason # that appears in the considerations about the rentall. The price of the sds 8 bolls Alex=r= Millar is to pay 20 lb, of it # to-morrow. The rest with his whole silver rent at Lambas, or between Lambas and Martinmas, otherwise he is to run the hasard of the Feir. (^May^) 20, 1674. - Having before been in terms with W=m= Cuningham, Tailour, anent fixing him to be my man, wheranent also I had made a condition at 8 lb. in the half-year. But then I altered it, and, mostly of my own good will, hightened it to 10 lb. a half-year, giving him presently a # suit of old cloaths, and old boots, and hat, promising also always # to hold him in cloaths beside his fie; for which he is to serve # me as my man, to work my Tailour work, and my wife's, and her son's and gentlewoman's; and is to work my mother's Tailour work

upon what terms she pleases. I had promised him also a pair shoos in the half-year; And when I told of keeping my ston'd horse at grasse in summer, I engaged to hold him in shoos. I told him also that he might take in other folk's work to the house, providing he work it without prejudice of my work and service, and my mother's. So I gave him a merk, beside half a merk I had given him before. (^July^) 15, 1674. - Having before given out that I would # sell what meill I had for 13 mks the boll, ready money, I opened # the Girnell that day, and sold all I had, being just a chalder, # for I had given 42 bolls of the readiest to my mother in part of our boarding. And 24 bolls 3 firlots being Andrew Laird's 12 bolls, Alex=r= Millar's, 8 bolls, 3 firlots and 4 bolls of # Malcolme Patiesoun's was unladed. And a firlot was given to John Allan at the beginning of the year, on my wife's account. The haill summa of my ferme meill 1673, amounting but to 83 bolls. I sold I say the said chalder to the persons, and was payed of it in manner specified in my compt of charge or credit of money about that time. (^August^) 1, 1674. - I compleited the first year's boarding # to the Lady betwixt Whitsunday 1673 and Whits: 1674. Having befor given her 200 mks., with 50 bolls meall, and Bear, I then gave her 156. 06. 8. of reall money. With 13 lbs., for which she took Ja. Moody debtor, who owed me so much for meall. And the compt of all my foulls which she got, amounting to 14. 13. 4, compting Capons at ha: mks., Hens at grots, and Cocks at 40d., and excepting 8 hens and 2 cocks of Andrew Laird's, and 2 hens and a cock of Malcome Patieson's, which were not brought in, And counting the 12 stane of cheese payed by the Achans at 16 lb. All together makes up 300 mks. given her that day in compt and in money, which, with the former 200 M., makes 500 M., and the 50 bolls victual which is accepted for the sd year's boarding of myself and my wife, her gentlewoman, and servant lasse, and my man. Our two horse grasse and fodder is also compted, and payed for by it. But not then corn, for which I have my father to pay beside. (^August^) 24, 1674. - Having on Aug. 22 gotten Andrew Laird's growing cropt given me in payment of q=t= he was owing

me, amounting to about 410 lb., according to accompt most favourable for him, I promising him to give him back 50 M. if I could make the sd 410 lb. out of the cropt, and also q=t= more I could make of it to give to him also. But the sd 50 M. being to be given down of my own, I promised only in case he would goe this May and leave the towne. And if he would stay still, and keep a quarter qrof I made ane offer I would only lend him 100 lbs. worth of his cropt, and give him # nothing down. I say having gotten the said cropt, and being to sett at leist the other 3 quarters of the towne, on the said 24 of August I agreed with one John Murdie, who dwells in a mailling neir by which he holds of my Lord Glencairne, I agreed with him, I say, for one quarter of it, being the half of the Westmost half, though that half be not yet divided. The rent we agreed upon was for stock and teind 5 bolls meill, 50 M. money, half at Martimas, half at next Whit Sunday, six poultry fowlls, the half of the cesse, and his dews to the # mill, being the 20 peck mill thicking, and mill stone heading. And his proportion of grassing the millar's 2 ky, but I to relieve him of all teind. He is to have his proportion of the houses as well as the land, and because the houses are out of case, # he to have one boll down the first year: As also in case this # yeir's fodder be not eaten in the towne, so that he want his # proportion of the soill, he is to have another boll, or 10 mk. down. (^October^) 16, 1674. - I completed the paymt of Hugh Muir's compt. Having on the 3d of August given him 200 M., I gave him 81 lb. 10 sh. on the sd 16 of Oct=r=, which, with 18 lb. # 10s., makes 100 lb. The whole rest of the compt amounting to 102. 06. 10., which 2 lb. 6s. 10d. I got down, And the 18 lb. # 10s. I keept from him at my wife's desire for some plenishing he got of Cuninghamheid's; so I became Cuninghamheid's debtour for the sd. 18lb. 10s., and shall pay him whenever his use requires it, I mean the first money that shall be given out # for him. (^Oct=r=^) 23, 1674. - I payed John Fleming all his fies, he having been my servant from Mart: 1670 till Whits: 1674, the first 2 years and a-half at 4 lb. only a half year, the next # half year at 5 lb., the last at 6 lb. I had one way and other while he was with me payed him one 4 lb., and some more also, but

I did not stand with him, his fie being little, but payed him all the rest except the said 4 lb., amounting to 27 lb., the # said 23 of Oct=r=. (^Nov.^) 10, 1674. - I agreed with John Park, for present in Foddstoun, to be my tennent in the Easter half of Dennestoun, being that part which was sometime possest by James Hendersoun. Having gotten the present master's consent, I agreed with him that he should pay me of constant rent for the sd land in stock and teind 200 merks, half silver, half meill at # 10 mks the boll. So he is to pay me 100 mks, and 10 bolls of meill, and a dozen of poultrie fowlls. But in regard the land and houses are farr out of case, I agreed to take lesse # rent for some of the first years, viz.: I gave him to advise him # till Candlemasse next whether he would bind for a 19 year tack, or for a 10 year tack. If he would bind for 19 years I was to # give him ane ease of the rent for the first 3 years, viz.: I am but # to get for the first year (which is to be the 1675), only 80 lb. # all silver rent, and the poutterie. And for the 2=d= year I am to # get 90 lb. all silver rent, and the poutrie; and for the 3=d= year # I am to get but 80 lb., and still the dozen poultrie; the forsd rent being always for both stock and teind. But if he would bind but for 10 years, I am to give him ease but for the first two, viz.: He to pay but 80 lb., all silver, for the first, # and 90 lb. for the second, paying always the 12 poultrie. And for the third, and years following, of the 10 year tack; or fourth, # and years following, of the 19 years tack, to pay the full rent of 100 Mks. silver, 10 bolls meill, and the 12 poultrie, I being always bound to releive him of all teind, personage and # vicarage; And he always bound to pay his full dews to the mill according to his proportion of land, as is specified in my # agreement with John Murdie. And this ease of rent for the first years to be in consideration of both houses and lands being # out of case, and the fodder being sold and carried off the ground, so that he is to make his moan for nothing either to help houses or land, save only the summer muck, that was made in summer last by that side of the toune. Upon the 26. of Dec=r= 1674, John Carswell, one of my # tennents in Locherside, stole secretly away with his family, and anything he had, leaving his haill rent 1674 unpayd, and

nothing to pay it with but a little rotten spilt corn in his yeard, which, when it was threshin, came scarce to 3 firlots, and some peats, and of which (beside the corn) I made only 56s. scots. He left also 2 doors upon the house of his own on putting. So upon the 5 of January 1675, I sett his mailling to John Shaw, son to James in our own Mains. The rent he conditioned to pay is 40 mks. and 4 hens, 10s. of # vicarage teinds, and the half of the cesse, qranent we both subscribed a paper by way of contract, binding us both for nine years. (^Janr.^) 1675. - I agreed with James Patieson in Locheside for q=t= of his ferme meall 1674 he laid not in he should pay # 16 M. for the boll of it at Lammas next. (^Feb=r=^) 22, 1675. - I sold two bolls of my ferme meall to # Jonet Reid in Foddistoun at 16 mks. per boll, to be payed at Lammas next, which meall her son, Gavine Park, came and received out of the Girnell the morn after. (^March^) 18, 1675. - I made bargain with James Hamiltoun, Barr's son, about horses as follows: I having in August last sold him my little ston'd naigg for 100 lb., which he was yet owing me, and had but 3 days before given me his band for bearing a rent from Martimas last. On the said 18 of March I bought a large Brown gelding from him, for which I # conditioned to give him my wife's old white horse and 13 lb. sterling in buit, the sd 100 lb. Scots band, with 3 lb, as half a year's rent of it, being allowed in the first end of it. So I exchanged horses with him that same night, and the morrow after payed him 53 lb. Scots, which is the overplus of 13 lb. sterling, after the 103 lb. Scots is taken off it. Also I gave him up his 100 lb. band the sd day; And exchanged bridles with him, giving 10 grots to buit. [Sometime this winter I promised to my Uncle's William's wife to bear half and half with the laird, my father, of her son's boarding at the schooll for a year, providing the whole exceeded not 20 mks. a quarter.] [^EDITOR'S BRACKETS^] (^March^) 19, 1675. - My father and I agreed with James Shaw about all our meall that is in the Girnell, and my part is just 11 bolls and a firlot. He is to give 16 mks, for each boll, getting only one boll to the haill bargane, which, as # the

laird counted it, comes to 36 bolls 14 pecks. He is to take the key of the Girnell, and pay us according to our count of inlaid meill, and to bear the loss of Indrink (if any be) # himself. Nor are we to be troubled with measuring of it. My proportion of the boll of too meill by the forsd count comes to somq=t= lesse than the third part of a boll. And the 11 bolls and # firlot at 16 M. comes to just 120 lb., the sd too meill making it about 5 mk. less. The term of paymt being Lammas next. The laird got the arles. (^March^) 30, 1675. - I sold to Alex=r= Millar in # Dennestoun, 2 bolls 3 firlots of his meall 1674, at 14 mk. the boll, # having directed him to lay in 4 bolls and a firlot to the minister of Kilmacolme, which will pay so much of his stipend 1674, which by condition with Andrew Laird, I am bound to pay, and having before conditioned to give him 10 firlots down for that year, because much of Dennistown lay waist, all which comes to 9 bolls and a half, of which I am countable to my father # for 3 firlots. He is to pay me the forsd price for the 2 bolls 3 # firlots at Whits: next. (^May^) 6, 1675. - I agreed with James King, Maissoun in Kilbarchan, that he should build me a Leapingonstone at the said towne at Ro=t= King's house end, himself furnishing all # the material and service (except one day's horse service for # leading, which I was to send). And I should pay him 5 mks. for all. Also I gave him a 6 pence at the bargaine making, beside the said 5 merks. (^August^) 2, 1675. - I compleited the second year's # boarding to the Lady betwixt Whitsunday 1674 and Whits: 1675. Having before given her 200 merks, with 50 bolls meall and bear, I then gave her 156 lb. 12s. 8d. of reall money, and got 15 lb. farder allowed me for 5 firlots of my ferme meall 1674, which she had gotten more than the sd 50 bolls. Also she had gotten of my fowlls als many as, according to the price made the last year, came to 12. 07. 4. Also she had gotten, either in stuff or in money, the Achans 12 stains of cheese, which, compted at 16 lb., brings up the compt to 500 mks., and 50 bolls meall and bear, which pays as it did the last year. (^August^) 28, 1675. - My father and I being far behind with

Malcolme Patieson, who owes my father 30 bolls oats, and 110 lb. 4d. of money; And owed me 133 lb. 4d., beside the rent of the growing cropt 1675, wee thereupon having arreisted his goods and inhibit him to shear; Thomas Crawfurd and James Park in Houston being sent for to sight his crop, who went twice through it two severall days, qrof the sd 28 of August was the last, taking Ja. Walkingshaw with them the last day. On the first day they esteem'd it at 100 bolls (counting the oats only, and excluding Bear, Pease, and Beans). On the second day at 95 bolls, giving the account of every particular parcell. So on the same 28 of August, Peter Waker being also one of Macolme's creditors, and having a great desire to the mailling, entered in bargane about the sd cropt (having first gotten a private condition of me of the mailling in case of his bargaining for the crop and becoming our pay master of what was owing us thereby). The termes of his bargane about the cropt being that he should pay 1200 mks. for it, meaning only the oats at abov'sd, which 1200 mks. is to goe first in satisfaction of what is owing my father and me, where of he gave one half full dollar to my father and another to me in arles, my father counting the oats at 8 pound the boll, but promising in case other creditors gave ane ease also to count it but at 10 M. the boll, which will be 40 lb. down. And I also promising 40 M. down in case Malcome were content to leave the rowme that I had no more to doe with him as a tennent. And because a part of my debt stood in meal, viz.: this year's 1675 ferme being 12 bolls 3 # firlots, it was agreed that the sd Peter should lay it in, and get the price of 17 bolls of oats, namely 17. eight pounds, which # comes to 204 M. allowed him for it. The terms of paymt of the 1200 merks were to be as follows: - 1. My debt of 133. 04. 4. (reducing the 40 M. which is to be given down, so it will be but 106. 11. 0.) is to be payd at Marts next. All the laird's debt being 310. 00. 4. (after the 40 lb. is deduced) is to be # payd at Cands. and Whits: next be equal portions. My forsd ferm meill to be laid in at the usuall time of year. And my silver rent 1675, with the vicarage teind, to be payed at the forsd Whitsunday. At which time the rest of the 1200 M. is to come in also, which my father is to distribute among the

creditors if they referr themselves to him (which a good part of them has done already), or otherwise dispose of it as shall be most equitable and convenient for Malcom's behoove. And as to my promise to Peter Waker about the mailling, it being certain that except in consideration of the mailling, and # without a condition made to him thereof, he would never have given so much for the cropt, nor no other man, by 50 M. at leist, though in equitie I might have found out some way how to have made that 50 M. acrew to me, yet I have let it pass with the other 40 M., which in the case forsd I intend to give down both for Malcome's behoove. And that same day agreed with Peter Waker for the mailling at that same rent that Malcome had it at. Malcom being loath to go out of the land altogether, agreed with Peter and me to keep a thrid of it, so I got up my 40 M., and Peter bound for the haill rent, which we altered a little by turning 2 bolls of meill into bear, and turning the odd 3 firlots of meall into 5 lb. of money, Peter promising to get Dargavell his present master's consent, and promising to give Malcome some bield of a house and a yeard under him. Also in consideration of entre, we agreed that if he got a tack he should put the houses in good order, which for present are far out of case. And if at the tack expiring they were any more than 200 M. better nor at his entrie, he should have satisfaction for it (the entries of the rowme # being estimate at 200 M., though at this present entrie it be agreed to be waired upon the houses). Also because I have to give 40 M. down to Macolm Patiesoun, I would have a condition of Peter that at leist he should make me up in that, and as he did not absolutely promise any more than 20 M. to my wife at his entrie, yet I resolve and expect not to want anything of # the whole 40 M. by and attour the 200 M. to be waired on the houses. (^Oct.^) 1675. - There being a conveniencie that my wife # should go to Edinburgh, and assist to the carrying on that action of her son's against the Earle of Lowdon, And my father proposing it as a thing expedient, It was agreed amongst us that she and I should go there; And als far as our charges there exceeded our charges at home, or more particularly, whatever our expense for meat and drink, coal and candle, house room,

cloaths washing, and fodder for our horses, and stable maill, but not corn, exceeded 1000 mk. by year, compting # proportionally to the time we stay there, seeing wee are furnished in all these at home for our 1000 mks. we are to have what our expense for these things exceeds this off Cunninghamheid, # being there upon his business. So accordingly wee counted, and found our 1000 Mk. by year would yeeld 80 Mk. for every month, and 40 Mk. beside among all the 12, which we laid by for cloaths washing. The 80 Mk. a month we found came to about 35s. a day, wherof wee payed first 12s. for chamber maill, and then 10 S. for two horse fodder, so that there # rested for meat, drink, coal and candle, nothing but about a merk, which comes to 20 lb. in the month, inde 80 lb. in the hail four months of the winter session, which 80 lbs. I payd all # till about 15s., as is to be seen in my count of depursmts, Dec=r= # 4, 1675, Jan=ry= 10 and Feb=ry= 28, 1676. And for the rest of our expense, I mean the compt of meat and drink, coal and candle only, which we were to get off Cuninghamheid. My Lady Ruthven, with whom wee joined in table and lodging, relieved him of it, so that wheras our half of the compt for the first month came to 24. 16. 6. I payed but 20 lb. on Dec=r= 4, 1675. And also on Feb=ry= 28, 1676, when our half of the compt came to 20. 16. 4., I payed but 10 lb., so that during the Session she releived Cuninghamheid of 15. 12. 10. as our superexpense by being in Edinburgh about his busines. And that beside much other provision, such as meall and fowls, that she brought and sent for out of Freeland, our half querof for the first month, but, turned in money, came to 12 lb. 9s. # 2d. But I suppose all the other three months compt of that kind of provision would have amounted to more than that one. (^Dec=r=^) 29, 1675. - I agreed with James Paterson about # one of his 3 bowls of ferme meill 1675, that he should pay me 8 lb, for it betwixt and the next Martimas, being to lay in the other two. (^Dec=r=^) 29, 1675. - I agreed with John Murdie and Jonet Reid about the sd John his bowls ferme meill 1675, that this said John shall pay me for two of them, and the sd Jonet for the other two, betwixt and the next Martimas, all at the price of 16 Merks a bowl.

(^Dec=r=^) 30, 1675. - I filled and closed a long run on # compt betwixt my father and me, All the articles qrof are set down # in my Charge and Discharge of that day, except such as are jot down before in other parts of the book. But I have since wished that I had left out three articles more of my charge of that day, to wit, the 400 lb. of old pension money that I payed for Physick to my sisters, and that payed to William Holms. I wish, I say, I had left out these, as being old debt payed to me, And wishes I had left als much out of my # discharge of the old debt payed by me as would have balanced them, And this would have restricted my charge or compt of receits to my yearly rents and incom's since the 1673 # inclusive, which I much aim at. And I believe this would leave my order not hitherto much broken, except in these three articles. (^Jan=y=^) 5, 1676. - I closed with my mother about the # halfyear's boarding from Whits till Mart=s= 1675. I gave her 256 Mks. in money, and counted the Achans 12 stane of cheese (which she got) at 24 mks., Inde 250 Mks. This, with 19 bowls of my meal and 6 bowls of my bear, payed the sd # halfyear's boarding, according to the old rate. (\Eod: die.\) - I agreed with Archibald Arthur about 2 bowls of ferme bear 1675 (the Lady not getting it that year). He conditioned to pay me 16 Mks. for the bowl of it betwixt and Whitsunday next. (\Eod: die.\) - I agreed with John Shaw and James Brock about that mailling in Locherside that John Shaw took from me in Jan=ry= 1675, he being willing to quite it to James # Brock. I agreed to take the sd James for my tennent at the same rent John Shaw had it at, only adding 2 years, wheras John Shaw payed but 4 the said James Brock is to pay 6. And also he is to give me ane dollar out of the 10 shillings sterling # that he has promised John Shaw for quiting his tack. So I am to cancell John Shaw's tack and give James Brock a new one. (^March^) 14, 1676. - I agreed with one William Caldwell in Houstonside about John Caldwell's mailling in Locherside, the sd John having nothing wherewithall to bruik it. I sett it to the sd William at the same rent, to witt, 20 lb. of silver, 3 bowls ferme meill, 3 days horse service, and 3 fowlls, and 10 shillings of vicarage half cesse. But on condition of 3 more

fowls yearly I promised him two yoaking of land tilling this year; so he is to pay yearly three young fowlls, as he called them, payable at Lammas, beside the above three young fowls payable at the ordinar time of the year, and all the # rest of the rent. And if he stay but a year or two that the additional fowls make me not up for my two yoakings of land, then I am to have four lb. for them at his departure. (^March^) 18, 1676. - I sold my white horse to James Shaw, wherof he is to give me the one half presently, and the other betwixt and the Fair of Glasgow. (^March^) 25, 1676. - Having before given my man Wm Cuningham his leave, I have agreed with one James Mortoun, at present in Mr. James Huchesom's service, to enter my man at Whitsunday next for 10 pounds of fie in the half-year, and half-a-crown for shoos; also I must give him a suit of livery # at entry, being to hold him in cloaths, either livery or my own castings. I gave him a Merk of arles to help him to a new hat, and resolve to give him ane old one too. (^August^) 23, 1676. - I exchanged with Peter Waker old corn for meall. I got six firlots corn to my horse, and gave him # six firlots meall, which I marked in my compt sold at 8 M. the bowl, because that was the price I sold some of the rest at at that time. (^Sep=tr=^) 6, 1676. - I payed Mr. Patrick Simson for six # boll of the teind 1675, and 4 lb. of vicarage, having directed Andrew Laird to lay him in some meil about Martimas last, who # accordingly gave him ten firlots; That, with the six bowls I now payed him, compleits Dennestoun teind for cropt 1675. (^Nota^) . - Though the meall be fallen exceeding cheap now that Ja: Shaw, to buy my girnald in bulk, will give me no more than 4 lb. 6s. 8d. the bowl, and a bowl to the score, yet I payed Mr. Patrick all his at 10 M. the bowl, he refusing to take meall, and was scarse content of that price either, the Candlemas Feir, he said, being 7 lb. 10s., and that the leist he took from any was 7 lb.; but I thought him very well payed at 10 M., it being more than I designed, never doubting but he would be pleased with the price as it presently sold if he would not take the meall, for I well remember the Feir was not always his rule, for I payd him 7 lb. for it cropt 1673, And

the Feir at Candlemas 1674 was but about 6 lb. I have not written up this in my look of depursments, because in my rentall it is given up as payable by the land, over and above my rent, though in my own setting of that land I have # confounded my rent and the ministers teind throughother. But as I have omitted the first teind out of my compt of depurs=ts=, # so I would remember to leave as much of the rent that is yet to come in out of my charge as will equall it, And so I have; for this 30 of Dec=r= 1676 I have gotten in the last of the sd # teind from Andrew Laird, being 5 lb. 6s. 8d., having before gotten 18 lb. 13s. 4d. from Jo: Murdie, and 20 lb. from Jonet Reid, All which I have taken out my compt of rents. But I got at the same time from the sd Andrew 7 Merks beside, which I have insert among my compts. (^Oct=r=^) 10, 1676. - John Murdie payd me for his 2 bowls, # but, in regard of the great moan he made, I gave him 4 Mk. back again, upon promise of secrecy, not resolving to give Jonet Reid anything, for Jo: Murdie had bought all his ferme at 16 merks the bowl, and bought a load of it back again from me at the same price, which made me pity him much. (^Jan=ry=^) 1, 1677. - I agreed with James Patreson for one # of his bowls ferme meall 1676, that he should pay me 7 Mk. for it betwixt and the next Martimas, and lay in the other two. (^Jan=ry=^) 3, 1677. - I fitted a compt with my father, # whereby wee mutually payed each other all that was betwixt us # preceding that day, and I got paymt of all my preceding depursments for Cuninghamheid. And also I got One Hundred Merks more till a compt to beginn again upon. (^Jan=ry=^) 4, 1677. - I gave the Lady, my mother, Ane # Hundred Merks in paymt of the silver half of our boarding for the time wee were all at home. My wife and I, and each of us but one servant and but one horse to fodder. The space was betwixt the 15 of August and the last of October 1676. I allowing her 10 bowls meall for the victuall half of it, wherof she has # gotten five already of meall 1675, and is to get other five of cropt 1676. (\Eod: die.\) - I payed Archibald Arthur, younger, for the black horse which I bought from him on December 30, 1676. I payed him the said 4 of January 8 score of Mks., which was his

price, with a bowl of meall, which he is yet to receive, And half a crosse dollar of drinkmoney I gave to his brother Andrew. (^March^) 7, 1677. - I reserved, at my wife's desire, 3 lb. # 17s 3d. out of the chamber maill in Edinburgh then payd by me. This 3 lb. 17s. 3d. is the price of ane old silver spoon of # Cuninghamheid's, weighing ane ounce and 5 drop, which was left in the chamber, so my wife allowed her woman to pay so much of the chamber maill so then keep it off the landlady. The sd spoon was found again, so I am debtor to my wife's woman for the 3 lbs. 17s. 3d., and so I am Cuninghamheid's debtor for the 3 lb. 17s. 3d. (^March^) 24, 1677. - The tack of the Rywraiths being fallen by the death of Robert Cochrane, who died Jan=ry=, I, on the sd 24 of March, agreed with his son, Hugh Cochrane, for a new tack of the sd Rowme upon the terms following, viz.: He is to pay of entresse for a 19 year tack this instant 1677, being always the first of the 19. He is to pay, I say, of entresse # 500 lb. Scots, the one half at Martimas next, the other at the Martimas therafter in the year 1678, with a rent for what remains unpaid at the respective terms. And is also to pay of yearly rent during the years of the forsd tack Ane Hundred pounds silver rent, with ten pounds as the few dutie and # vicarage, which I myself pay for it to the Earle of Dundonald, As uplifter therof, ay an whill he be redeemed by the Exchequar. The said Hugh, I say, to pay yearly at Martimas and Whitsunday, be equal portions, the sd 110 lbs. silver and 15 bolls ferme meall at the usual Terme, as the yearly tack duty for the Rycroft for this instant crop 1677, and in all time coming during the said haill. And if it please the sd Hugh rather to have a life rent tack, I promised, and at the same # time conditioned to him, that for two hundred and fifty Merks more of entresse I should give him a life rent tack for all the # years of his own lifetime, so he is to advise him betwixt and his tack making, and chuse him whether of the two he pleases, the 19 year tack for the 500 to entresse, or the liferent tack for # his own lifetime allanerlie for the 1000 M. I obleisd myself to either, And he obleist himself to one of the two. The # communing and agreement was made, and hands straught therupon,

before my father, Andrew Rosse, Ja: Walkinshaw in Achans, and William Houston in overJohnstoun. (^March^) 21, 1677. - I sold Ninian Waker his 2 bolls bear 1676 for 7 M. 40d. the boll, to be payd shortly. (^March^) 26, 1677. - I sold Archbald Arthur his 2 bolls # also at the same price. I had promised long ago to Peter Waker to sell him his as I sold the rest. (^March^) 30, 1677. - I sold the 4 bolls of bear out the # Achans for crop 1676 to John Shaw, at the sd price of 7 Mk. 40d. the boll. (^May^) 22, 1677. - My man James Mortoun, having given me over at Freeland, I agreed with Andrew Grey, conditioning him only 5 pound in the half-year, with a suit of Livery # cloaths in the year, an old hatt at his entry, and a ryding coat and loan of a sword and belt during his abode with me only. And for boots and stockins and shoo's, or any other thing he needs, he is to provide himself of them, and keep himself in # the equipag of ane honest riding servt during the time he stays upon the forsd conditions. I gave him a six pence of arles. (^May^) 28, 1677. - I sold to Alexander Millar in Dennestoun his meall 1676, unlaid in yet, at 4 lb. the boll (there being # 8 bolls 3 firlots of it), to be payd 24 lb. agst that day 20 days, the # rest within ten days therafter. (^June^) 28, 1677. - Upon words sent me to Edinburgh by my father, I wrote home to him desiring him to sell my meall in my girnald, amounting to 85 bolls and a firlot, some of it cropt 1675 some 1676, to James and John Shaws, at 4 lb. the boll, yea giving a boll to the score if no better can be, they taking the hazard of Indrink, and not trouble me with the outgiving of it, but taking the key of the girnald themselves upon my compt, which accordingly my father sold to the same persons upon the same terms, and made the terme of paymt Martimasse next, or thereby, and received 28 shillings of # arles, which I have gotten. (^October^) 23. - They payd me 300 Mks., and May 18=th=, 1678, they payd me 73 lb. 9 shillings and a boll corn, price # at 4 lb., and John Shaw gave me my father debtor for 16 lb., which completes the price of 82 bolls 1/4 of the forsd meall # (the other 3 bolls was never laid in the girnald, but my father # sold

it with his, and payed me for it in Oct=r= last). I say the sd # 16 lb. compleits the price all but 28 Mks., which the sd John Shaw now rests me. (^Oct=r=^) 13, 1677. - Robert Lyle in Auchenseall, his tack being run out, and my father, since his turning liferenter, # not able to renew it without my consent, wee agreed that I should take the entresse and consent to the tack with my father, and for the entresse that I should pay my father a yearly duty correspondent therto, so we concluded that for a new 19 year tack, beginning with the cropt 1678, my father and I both subscribing, the sd Robert should pay of entresse 500 M., and 20 pound at Marts 1677, or a rent for what of it remain then unpayd. This I am to receive, and am for my father's interest to pay him 40 lb. yearly of augmentation so long as he should live and the forsd tack continue together. I am to begin the payment of the 40 lb. at Marts 1678 for the cropt 1678. (^An.^) 1677. - My father made a new condition with me anent the 300 Mks. rent which he pays me yearly out of the lands reserved in liferent to him by my contract of marriage, viz.: He gave me the fewe duty of the Ley, which is 200 Mks. yearly, to pay so much of it, and the other 200 Mks. he pays himself, getting always the 40 lb. of Thos. Lyle's allowed as a part of it. At Martimas 1677 I recd 300 Mks. of the forsd entresse, as also 500 Mks. of Hugh Cochrane's entresse, and lent them both out, being 800 Mks., to Alexr Birsban for a rent from the said Martimas. But because my father, at my own direction, both received and gave them out, I omitted to write them up in my Charge and Discharge at the time, being myself at Edinburgh, but shall doe it yet afterwards, at the next Martimas or some other time. Also I recd another 100 Mks. and 20 lb., inde 400 Mks. and 20 lb., of the sd entresse at Whitsunday 1678, with half a year rent of the sd 100 Mks., so Robert Lyle rests me now only another 100 Mks., wherof I have his band bearing a rent from Marts last 1677. (^May^) 1678. - I sold to Alexr Millar his own millne meall 1677, at 3 lb. 13s. 4d. the boll, being 8 bolls 3 firlots. (^June^) 28, 1678. - What money I then put up in my compt given to my wife, is over and above 30 lb. 10s. 6d. given her also in satisfaction of so much depursed by her of house # compt,

and 21 lb. 8s. of chamber maill the time I was away in May and June. This being 51 lb. 18s. 6d., though I gave it her, yet I put it not in her compt, but in the compt of Boarding or Maintenance, and intend to make this the custom in the like cases. (^Oct=r=^) 14, 1678. - The black horse which I got from # Archbald Arthur having fallen crooked in my hand, I sold him to John Shaw for five pound Sterling, which he would not promise to pay me before Whitsunday next. (^Oct=r=^) 22, 1678. - I payd my mother 2 months' boarding # for myself and man at 20 lb. a month, Compting about 8 stone of Achans cheese 1676 that she took in for 16 Mk. of it, the rest I payed in money, being 29. 06. 8. (^August^) 16, 1678. - I left my wife in Edinburgh, and gave her 100 Mks. beside what money she had before. Of this 100 Mks. I count only 30. 16. 6. in the Compt of our boarding, because at my return on the 23 of Oct=r= she gave me compt of no more spent upon diet and lodging the sd space. (^March^) 29, 1679. - I sold 6 bolls girnald meil to Richard Hunter in Johnstouns ground for 4 lb. 40d. the boll, which the sd Richard came and received upon Saturday, April 5. He is not bound to pay it before Lammas next. Also James and John Shaws took a boll at the same price. (^April^) 1, 1679. - I sold to John Shaw my 4 bolls horse # corn, payable out of the Achans for cropt 1678, and with it I sold him also my 4 bolls bear 1678, payable by the same towne, both corn and bear overhead at five Mk. and ane half the boll. Terme of payment, Lammas. (^March^) 1679. - My boy Andrew Grey having run away, I agreed with one Thomas Clerk, a tailour, to serve me for a # man. The Condition was 10 pounds of fie till Martimas, being then 8 months to it (for he was presently to enter). Ane suit of old cloaths of my casting to serve him for wear for the whole year # if he should stay; and 2 or 3 pair of shoo's als I should cast # them. So Thomas Clerk entered, but would not come West, tho it was his condition to come on his foot (wee travelling in # coach). As also I gave him 24s. to bear his charges, beside 9s. I gave him a feeing, and ane pair of old shoo's. But he deceived me, and came not West, and when I wrote for him David Lamsdaill

sent me George Marshall in his place, who would serve me upon that same condition, getting only 24s. for his charges West, which I payed him out of 3 lb. my wife was owing me. (^Oct.^) 1679. - Upon reckoning made up by myself how much I have been at home since my first going to reside in # Edinburgh at Hallowday 1675, And what I have payed my mother for my diet these times, I find I was ten days at home that Yuill, as also about eight weeks in the Spring vaicance 1676, for # which I offered her money, but she would not take it, saying she # would be als chargeable to me another way, so I payed nothing for these two times, but only my fowlls 1675, she getting the # worth of 13. 07. 4., and I keeped my sister Rebecca the haill next winter session in Edinburgh, which was all I payed for myself and my man these two times. Then my wife and all came home in the next vaicance, 1676, and stayd about 10 weeks, for which I payd her sufficiently, viz. 100 M. and 10 bolls # victuall. Then I was at home myself with my man 14 days at Yuill, other 14 days next March, 1677, about 24 days in May and June, and 20 days in Oct=r= - in all 72 days, or 10 weeks - for which I payd my cheese 1676, inde 16 lb., my fowlls 1676 at 17 lbs. 7s, and ane boll meall, 4 lb. In all 37 lb. 7s. Then I was at home, myself and man, ten days in Jan=ry= 1678, and about 5 weeks in May and June, for which I payed nothing but my fowlls 1677, at 14. 12. 8. But my coming in Jan=ry= was upon call to my sister's wedding. And for times I have been at home since, I have dewly payed at 20 lb. a month for myself and man, and als much for my wife and her woman; so that, laying all together, I will not be owing much on this account. In March last, 1679, my wife, finding Richard's jewell, or locket of diamonds, aselling, and that it was immediately to # be given to William Law, goldsmith, for 22 lb. sterling, she # agreed with Auchinharvy, who had the selling of it, that the money which he was owing for some plenishing gotten by his # predecessour, the Doctor, in the house of Kerilaw, and which, beside the Ironwork, was estimat at 250 Merks. He condescended to lay out 20 lb. sterling for that 250 Mks. in the first place, # and the rest of it till account of the ironwork, which it is # thought will not be much. This 20 lb. sterling she gave for the # jewell,

and the other 2 lb. sterling I payd out of my own purse, so # that the jewell is partly Cuninghamheid's and partly mine. (^Oct=r=^) 7, 1679. - The Laird of Pollock told me at # Glasgow that he had entered in a new bargain with the Duchess of Lennox anent the farming of her Scots estate. He was to advance her presently, he said, 700 lb. sterling, and for that # and a yearly duty of 320 lb. sterling, all to be payd at London Exchange free to the receiver at ilk Whit Sunday, he had 5500 lb. Scots yearly rent, and likewise a power to sett 19 # year tacks, the entresses wherof he valued at 3 or 400 lb. # sterling. But the tacks were not yet fallen; but whenever they should fall through the Duchess' life, the nature of her gift was such that she or any from her might set them for 19 years, not diminishing the rental, though she should not live that space. Pollock is to bear all the skaith and loss incident to land, # and to pay public burdens, except about 3 or 4000mk, which he has subfermed, for the full duty correspondent to the said 5500 lb. He says the Nishet pays but 250 mks. of the said duty, and is well worth 600 mks., and the tack falls within 5 years. (^October^) 20, 1679. - My father taking up the last of his sklait-coal silver for that year, they being all sold, he # found the sum of it to amount to 333. 19. 0. Then he entered in compt with his Hill man anent the number of the Cinner-coals, to see if the sklait-coals had holden out proportionally, for they are always thought to be equal in number. So they compted near 1100 load of Ciner-coal sold and led home that year; which, compting the sklait-coal at 10s. the load (as they sell,) should have made the sum of their price amount to upwards of 500 lb. instead of the forsaid 333. 19. 0. But, considering the mixing sklait-coal in the hutch with the Ciner (which the coal-hewers have a great game of, because their wage is regulated by the number of Ciner coal, and not of sklait coal), and stealing, and other occasions of diminution, # he said he was used never to expect more but a hutch and a half of sklait-coal for a load, being 2 hutches of Ciner. But yet the above written is less, being scarce two for three, whereas that is three for four. In June and July 1680 I made two voyages to Edinburgh

upon Cuninghameheid's businesse, and seeing they hold me in nothing at home (as they did when I ordinarly resided ther # with my wife), I ought to have the ordinar expense of them off Cuninghameheid. In ane of which I was keept 20 days, and my compt that space came but to 34. 18. 0., for I do not charge him with extra-ordinars. The other voyage was # compleited in 8 days, but my father and Ashenyeards went ther also, being all ordained to come and depone about Lindsey's businesse. Our compt in that voyage was 20. 12. 4., beside the expense of taking my father and Ashenyeards home again, I setting them free out of Edin=r= - 34. 18. 0. & 20. 12. 4. is 55. 10. 4. (^Dec.^) 6, 1679. - I fied James Gemmel for my man that current half year, and conditioned him nine pound of fie and boots while he is with me. Any other thing I was to give him being in my own will, and he to keep himself in a condition of ane riding servant, I promising not to make a footman of him. (^March^) 7, 1680. - John Thomsoun, smith in Locherside, # going off the ground to Houstoun's land, he left me payment of the year's rent 1679, which was owing in manner following: - 1. He gave me James Black, his successor, debitor for 50 mks., +L 33 6 8 2. He gave me James Paterson in Locherside debitor for 12 0 0 3. He gave me his ticket for 14 11 0 [^TOTAL^] +L 59 17 8 (^March^) 23, 1680. - I sold to Alex: Miller in Dennistoun Milne his 8 bolls 3 firlots ferme meall, payable be him for # the Millne for cropt 1679, price 6 lb. 40d. the boll. Terme of payment is Lammas next. (^April^) 22, 1680. - I agreed with Jonet Reid in Dennistoun about her 10 bolls ferme meall, payable by her for cropt 1679, for which she conditioned to pay 6 pound 40d. a boll # Whitsunday next, and altogether to be without fail completed ere Luk's day next.

(\Eod: die.\) - I sold to John Dick the cow belonging to # Umql James Brock, which I seized for the year's rent he died in the debt of. John Dick is to pay me 19 Mks. and 40d. for her betwixt & Whitsunday next. (^April^) 24, 1680. - I sold to Gavin Wakinshaw in Achans 2 bolls of his horse corn 1679 (having lent my father the # other two, to be payd again in as much corn some other year), for which Gavin is to pay me 5 pound the boll at the Fair of # Glasgow. (^Oct.^) 8, 1680. - I agreed with ane Hugh Steinstoun to be my servant to enter at next Martimas. I am to give him ten pound ilk half year, and two mks. half mk. for shoos. Ane suit of livery to last him a whole year (if he stay so long); # and I conditioned also to give him 40s. Scots at his entry to help him to a pair of boots. The 10 lb and 2 mks. 1/2 mk. is all the half year condition, and the suit of livery the whole year's. At Pasley, (^October^) 27, 1680. - The Commissioners of # Excise in the shire of Renfrew, being met that day, at the desire of the Master of Rosse, to lay down some course for furnishing the troop whereof he is Captain (then lying at Pasley) with straw or hay, conforme to the Counsells Acte, dated October 7. 1680, wherof he produced ane Copy but no print extract. The Commissioners did first appoint a moderate price for the straw & hay (as the said Act appointed them), being 2s. for the stane of straw and 30d. for the stane of hay, which was to be payd by the troopers, or at least to be allowed in the # Cesse of such as furnished it, upon production of the troopers' # receipts. After the public meeting there were 4 or 5 of the gentlemen, by advice of my Lord Dundonald, that spoke with Alexr Miller & Robert Bowgg, two men in Pasley. And, in name of the haill shire, showed a great willingness to the thing conduced with these 2 men to keep a store-house in Pasley, & provide straw to furnish the whole troop, compted at 60 horse, as much as they should call for (not exceeding 8 stane a week to the horse), always giving their credits for the quantity, # for which the shire is to pay the said two men at the rate of 30d. the stane of straw, taking up their accounts conform to the receipts, & that which they declare they got ready money for (if it be within the said calculum). The bargain was made

for a month, once to try a hand, and the men were to begin and furnish upon the Monday following, being the first of # November. And they got 10 lb. sterling in hand, which pays 2 full weeks of the said month at the outmost the compt can reach. The which 10 lb. sterling was borrowed upon the said 4 gentlemen's band, all joined with the Earl of Dundonald, which makes five. The gentlemen were Houston, Pollock, my father, & Johnstoun. By this means the receipts will be gathered, and the Master of Rosse promises exact payment or allowance in our cesse, conform to receipts, at the foresaid rate of 2s. the # stane. By this means the burden will be light, and the poor people eased of the trouble of carriage & other damage that the way of locality laid them open to. The said 2 men rewed of the bargain, and did not hold it. But the troop removed from Pasley, and the 10 lb. band was cancelled. (^Ap=l=.^) 4, 1682. - I agreed with John Finnie to be my man # in place of Hugh Steinstoun. The said John Finnie is to enter at Whitsunday next to my service, and I am to give him of fie 24 lb. yeirly and a suit of old cloaths, and no more, of # condition. And if he stay but half a yeir with me he is to get no cloaths, but is to get half a crown more nor his 12 lb. as a # pair of shoon's price in consideration of his wanting the cloaths. # I gave him 20s. of arles. John Hair having given me that part of his mailling called the Hill, paying 20 mks. by yeir, I got it fastened upon James Patieson at the same rent on this condition, w=h= I gave him in write, viz. : I prorogat his 19-yeir tack of his down mailling for all his lifetime and his wife's, they always # keeping the Hill at 20 mk. yeirly; and when the 19-yeir tack should expire, he and his wife, during their lifetime, should only augment me four pound yeirly, so making their silver rent 50 mks. for all-together after the ish of the 19-yeir tack, and # 44 mks. yeirly before expiring of it, beginning to that new # mailling August 1682. (\Eod: die.\) - I lent to Alex=r= Hume of Kirkhouse, at his earnest desire, 20 dollars till Whitsunday next. For which I have his band, bearing registration payable at the first of June to come, which I intend not to let sleep after that

day if he pay me not willingly. The money lent was just 56 lb. 12s. [^JAMES, ELEVENTH LORD SOMERVILLE. MEMORIE OF THE SOMERVILLES; BEING A HISTORY OF THE BARONIAL HOUSE OF SOMERVILLE. 2 VOLS. VOL. II. EDINBURGH: JAMES BALLANTYNE AND CO., 1815. PP. 423.11-458.7.^]

The English sending non of ther troups to the west untill near Martinmas, the countrey gentrie that wer not yet gone up to the king's armie att Stirling, follows ther ordinary recreatione of hunting and hawkeing. Young Corhouse being at this sport, was pleased to come to Cambusnethen, there to renew his leigger acquantance with that gentleman's sone, where his wellcome was suteable to the civilities he had mett with from him in the campe; haveing stayed here too dayes, Corhouse invites young Cambusnethen to his father's house, and would have him alongst with him, which he condescended to; haveing procured his parent's licence, they sett furth, weill furnischd with hawkes and dogs, which gave them much sport, the feilds and wayes betwext Cambusnethen and Corhouse being

fitted for halkeing and hunting; att night they came to the Corhouse, where they wer courteously receaved by the lady (a daughter of the house of Lie, her husband being then with the king att Sterling), and modestly by the young ladyes: when they appeared, the first that came in sight was Mistress Margaret (now lady to Sir James Johnstone of Wasterhall, second chieff of that name), of whom, by the way, young Corhouse was pleased to give ane character, and withall informed his comerad that the Laird of Wasterhall was her servant; for the youngest, Mrs Martha, she was not seen untill supper, and then came into the roume in a plaine countrey dresse; the truth is, she needed nothing else, being allwayes ane ornament to her cloaths when at the best, which eftirward she wore as fyne and fashionable as any lady of her qualitie within the natione, and that without wronging her husband's fortune or her oune credit. It is proper in this place, as I suppose, (being soe near a relatione, and that frequent occasione will occurre to mentione her name dureing the remeineing part of her father-in-law's memory), to give a descriptione of her persone and qualifications, both being excellent; to begin with the first, att her age of fyfteine compleat, she attained to her full

height, which was soe farre above the ordinary stature of most women, that she was accounted amongst the tallest of our natione, but soe as that diminished nothing of her handsomenesse, every part answering thereto, as a slender waste, large shoulders, big breast, henches full and round, as nature had fitted her for delicate children, which in tyme she brought furth; her visage was long, her nose high, her brow bent and smooth as alabaster, her chin and cheeks somewhat full, with a little read, especially in hott weather; ther was nothing boor soe litle proportione with the rest of her body, as her hand and foot, both being extremely litle, but weill shapen, whyte, and full of flesh; her skin was smoothe and clear, but what was covered, not soe whyte as I have seen severall of her complexione that was purely sanguinean; her hair being of a bright flaxen, which darkened as she grew in age, added much to her beauty, wherin ther was no blemish, her mean being answerable to that, and her persone gave occasione to these that saw her at church, or any other public meeting, to ascert she graced the place and company where she was. It has often been observed, that when this gentlewoman walked upon the street (which was but upon occasione, being better imployed at home),

that the eyes not only of the men, but also of these of her oune sex, was upon her, soe farre as ther sight could serve them, admireing her parts and handsomenesse. If any should questione the truth of what I have written concerning the persone of this young lady, ther are thousands yet alive both in Clidesdale, wher she was born and brought up, and lived some years when in a married estate, and in Mid-Lothian, her residence thereftir, where she lived some thretteine years, and therin dyed, that will give the same testimony of her persone, features, and beauty. For the induements of her mynde, they wer answerable to the excellency of the cause, as being of a quick apprehensione, strong judgement, a ready delyverie, albeit she had a little haugh in utterance, which was soe farre from makeing it unpleasant, that it graced her speech, and was very takeing with these she conversed with; in a word, she was pious towards God, obedient to her parents, loveing and submissive to her husband, and obledgeing to the meanest of his relations; indulgent towards her children, frugall in

careing for her familie, charitable to the poor, and courteous to all persons whatsomever. Haveing allready written of her personal induements in ane epistle directed to her four sones, which was all the children she boor, and was at men's estate when she dyed, I shall enlarge myself noe farder upon this subject, but leaves it to the consideration of all the world, whither a persone soe handsome and soe qualified had not charmes enough upon first sight, to ingadge the affectione of any man, as she did of this young gentleman's, who, without farder ceremoney, eftir supper proffered to her his service, being then in her oune and sister's apartement, which with as little ceremony she accepted, with this provisione, that he procured her parents consent: this bargaine begune was happily finished within ane year and a month thereftir, to the great satisfactione of all parties concerned. Eftir eight dayes stay att the Corhouse, Cambusnethen and young Corhouse came back to Camnethen, haveing in company with them a gentleman named John Kennedie, brother-german to the Laird of Auchtifardell, old Corhouse's brother-in-law. This gentleman had been page to Major Bannatyne, and was with him all the tyme he lived, and bred a souldier; att the duke's

engagement he was preferred to be leivetennent to ane troupe of horse, and that deservedly, being both stout and resolute, which served to purpose at this tyme, to preserve, not only the reputatione, but the lifes of thir two forward gentlemen upon this occasione. Some sex weeks eftir the armie that was defeat att Dumbar was rallyed att Stirling, the kirk party in the state and armie drawes up a remonstrance, which they offered to the king and counsell, by the hands of Sir James Stewart, provest of Edenburgh, for which eftirward he was necessitat to take a remissione, as did most of these that had any hand therein; the same being rejected by his majestie and his counsell, as full of treasonable language, tending to seditione, separatione, and douneright incroaching upon the rights and priviledges of the croune and safety of the natione. In that juncture of affairs, upon his majestie and counsell's rejecting of this remonstrance, Collonell Kerr, Collonell Stackett, with severall other officers of horse, drawes off a great part of the cavellerie that was conveened at Stirling, and formes them to a fleeing armie, which (disouneing the king's authoritie, but upon such conditions as they themselves, and the new schismaticks of the presbytearean kirk, will needs have

the king condescend to) they martch first to Tweeddale, the westland part of Tiviotdale, Eskdale, Annandale, Galloway, where they levied some troups of dragounes; the wholl of this litle armie, with ther recruits (being by farre the best horse that had been in the armie at Dunbar), consisted near of two thousand horse and dragounes, which, in the latter end of October, they bring from the south, and quarters them upon Clyde. Ther being sixteine of Captaine Lockhart's troupe, belonging to Collonell Hackett's regiment, quartered upon Cambusnethen's land, whereof twelve had taken up ther lodgeing within the place, which happened to be the same very night that thir two young gentlemen and Leivetennent Kennedie came there from the Corhouse, most of the roumes of the house being taken up with themselves and ther pedies, whereof they had not a few, and all the stables with ther horses; whill young Cambusnethen was dealling in fairnesse with some of the troupers, that they would remove a part of ther horses to the office-houses without the court, that ther might be roume for the stranger's horses, and was

lyke to prevaill with them: young Corhouse unhappily quarrells with one of them, and from words they went to ther swords, whereupon the rest of the troupers drawes, which made Leivetennent Kennedie, Cambusnethen, and three of ther servants, quickly dismount, being yet on horse-back; the court was narrow, and sex horses standing in it, one houzed, which was of great advantage to the smallest number, ther being sex against twelve, because the straitnesse of the court, and madnesse of the horses, now at liberty, affrighted with the noyse and clashing of soe many swords, ran madly up and doune the court, and was lyke to tread both parties under ther feet, soe that the troupers, albeit stout fellows, had but small advantage by ther number. Ther had but few blowes passed before Leivetennent Kennedie was master of four of ther swords, and two of them next the yett were forced out by the two young gentlemen, who, haveing small swords, put soe home ther thrusts, that they wer necessitat to reteir or to be nailled to the wall. This bickering might have been bloody enough, if old Cambusnethen, being at the tyme in the barnes, (which was at some distance from the place) hearing the noise and loud clamour of the women, had not quickly comed in, wherupon

the rest of the troupers, willingly of themselves, withdrew without the yett, out of respect to him, knowing he was ane old souldier, and loved all such; ther was three of the troupers wounded, the gardiner of Camnethen, that came in to assist his young master, deeply cut in the shoulder, two of the horse cutt upon the neck and hips, young Corhouse had a large mandell coat which he had on cut in fyve places, and his arme a little wounded; young Cambusnethen haveing on a gray Dutch hatt, had his head weell preserved from being deeply cutt. Soe soone as this businesse was composed, to pacifie the souldiers, they were appoynted to quarter upon the tennents next the place, and from it ther was abundence of meat and drinke sent to them, which made them dispense with the supposed affront they had mett with in being putt from ther quarters. Two dayes eftir this, (as it had been resolved upon betwext young Cambusnethen and his mistres), Corhouse begs libertie from Cambusnethen and his lady, that seing ther sone had proffered his service to his youngest sister, they would be pleased to licence his goeing alongst with him to see his father, that he might be assured thereof from his oune mouth; this they

willingly condescended to, wherupon thir gentlemen, with ther servants, sett furth, haveing Leivetennent Kennedie for ther companione and guyde. Corhouse had then his regiment of horse (for Collonell Stewart eftir Dunbar came never up to them) quartered in Angus, his oune was at the Laird of Grange's house, fyve mylles beyond Dundie. Upon the fyfth day after they parted from Cambusnethen, thir gentlemen came to this place, haveing made noe great haste by the way, because they desyred to see the countrey, as haveing never travelled that road before. Corhouse receaved his eldest sone indifferently, as one whom, by all appearance, (it consists with my knowledge, he never spocke one good word off) he had noe lykeing for dureing his life, and yet left him all (yea even that which ought to have been non of his) at his death, I mean the executrie, which, in reasone, should have pertained to his two daughters, seing his other sone, Sir William Bannatyne, dyed some years before himself; as for young Cambusnethen and the leivetennent, he made them very wellcome to his quarters, as did the old Laird of Grange and his lady, a true-hearted and loyall gentlewoman, to whose memory, for her civilitie, I ow this breif narrative.

It was at this ladye's house that that party of the covenanters then standing armie, that gairded in the Marques of Montrose, eftir his forces was beat, and himself betrayed in the north, lodged him, whom this excellent lady designed to sett att libertie, by procureing his escape from her house; in order to this, soe soon as ther quarters was settled, and that she had observed the way and manner of the placeing of the guairds, and what officers commanded them, she not only ordered her butlers to let the souldiers want for noe drinke, but she herself, out of respect and kyndenesse, as she pretended, plyed hard the officers and souldiers of the main-guaird (which was keeped in her owne hall) with the strongest ale and aquavite, that before midnight, all of them (being for the most part Highlandmen of Lawer's regiment) became starke drunke. If her stewarts and other servants had obeyed her directions in giveing out what drinke the outgairds should have called for, undoubtedly the bussinesse had been effectuat; but unhappily, when the marques had passed the first and second centinells that was sleeping upon ther musquets, and likewayes through the main-guaird, that was lying in the hall lyke swyne on a midding,

he was challenged a little without the outmost guaird by a wretched trouper of Strachan's troupe, that had been present at his takeing. This fellow was none of the guaird that night, but being quartered hard by, was come rammelling in for his belliefull of drinke, when he made this unluckie discovery, which being done, the marques was presently seized upon, and with much rudenesse, (being in the adye's cloaths, which he had putt on for a disguize) turned back to his prisone-chamber. The lady, her old husband, with the wholl servants of the house, wer made prisoners for that night and the morrow eftir, when they came to be challenged before these that had the command of this party, and some members of that wretched committie of estates that satt allways at Edenbrough, (for mischieff to the royall interest) which they had sent for the more security, to be still with this party, fearing the great freinds and weill-wishers this noble heroe had upon the way he was to come, should, either by force or stratageme, be taken from them. The ladie, as she had been the only contryver of Montrose's escape, soe did she avow the same before them all; testifying she was heartily sorry it had not taken effect according to her wished desyre. This confidence of hers,

as it bred some admiratione in her accusors, soe it freed her husband and the servants from being farder challenged; only they took security of the laird for his ladye's appearing before the committie of estates when called, which she never was. Ther worships gott somewhat else to thinke upon, then to conveen soe excellent a lady before them upon such ane account, as tended greatly to her honour and ther oune shame. The second day eftir thir gentlemen's comeing to the Grange, young Cambusnethen took oppertunity to acquaint Corhouse with the occasione that brought him there to pay his respects to him. At that distance he had been informed of the particular by his sone (who was noe good secretary) the night preceeding, and therfore it was noe surprize to him; for in a short compliment he thanked the gentleman for the honour he intended to put upon his familie in proffering to match with it, but withall, he insinuated the tymes was ill for marrying, or giveing in marriage. However, if ther were any settlement in the countrey, he should advise with his wife, daughter, and his other relations, about the affair, which he hoped might take effect. Corhouse was a man of few words, and lyked not these that

had too many; thairfore this gentleman gave him only thanks for soe obleidgeing ane answer. Eftir a fortnight's stay in this place, Corhouse goes to court, which was then at St Johnstounes, and takes with him young Cambusnethen, fearing that in his absence his sone and he might quarrell at ther game, being both young and hasty, especially his sone, whom he knew to be extremely quarrellsome upon slight occasiones. Being come to Perth, Corhouse mynded his businesse, and this gentleman his recreationes, for some dayes, and then comes to take his leave of Corhouse, haveing a greater desyre to be with his daughter then all the ladyes about the court. Corhouse knowing soe soon as this gentleman came to the west, he would visit his familie; therfore he gives him letters to his lady, and to other persones in that countrey, with whom he had bussinesse, recommending the delyverie to him, whereof he was very carefull, as weill became him. That night before Cambusnethen parted from court, Corhouse was somewhat pressing that he should drinke heartily, but findeing the young gentleman had a great aversione therfrom, he most civilly forboor to trouble him with any more nor what he willingly took; the rest

of the company, upon Corhouse's account, doeing the same. That very evening it was concluded by his majestie and the counsell, that Generall Major Montgomerie should martch to the west with the greatest part of the cavillrie and dragounes, for to reduce that dissenting party to his obedience, either by fair means or foull; for Collonell Strauchan, ther head, being at first imprisoned in Dumbartoune, because of the remonstrance, was eftirward removed to Caithnes Castle, from whence escapeing, he returned not to the westerne forces, but left them to be commanded by Gilbert Kerr, haveing himself treacherously fallen off to the English, where meeting with some disappoyntments, he reteires to his father's house at Mussillburgh, contracts a frenacie, and in it dyes, thereby eviteing a helter, which he deserved for his former and present actings against the king and his royall father. It is true, for personall courage and conduct, he was as gallant a man as ever went before his enemie, and acted accordingly, but of very debauched principalls, as most of the rigid presbytereans are to this day, whose darleing and sword this Strauchan was, eftir Major Bannantyne dyed, who, as he was more worshipfully descended, soe was he

nothing short of him in gallantry, and much more honest, if he had lived but a few years longer to have knoune and seen the cheats of the presbytereans, for whom he fought soe couragiously against the king, and dyed in ther service some few dayes before Long Merstoune Muir; and it is much to be regrated that soe gallant a man should have perished in soe bad a cause. But I returne. Major-generall Montgomerie, according to the orders he had receaved, setting furth with his party, young Cambusnethen being of his particular acquaintance and cussing, goes alongst with him untill he passed Stirling-bridge, and was upon his martche for Dumbartoune, when comeing to take his leave, the generall major's intelligence being uncertane, he intreated his cussing, seing he was goeing higher up Clyde then he intended to martche his party, if necessity constrained not, that he would be pleased to give him notice of Collonell Kerr's motione, and if he had any acquaintance or relationes in that party, to learne it from them how they stood affected to a reconciliatione upon the termes offered by his majestie. This Cambusnethen promised to doe by an expresse within three or four dayes, but was prevented by the defeat of that

dissenting party; for this gentleman haveing parted from the generall major neer the head of Campsie Fells, upon Fryday about twelve a clock, he came to Glasgow that night, where being informed that that remonstrating armie was quartered upon the other syde of Clyde, because of his promise to the generall, he resolves to be with them the next day, haveing there a dear and intimate comerad, one James Baillzie, second sone to the Laird of Carphin, then cornet to Gilbert Kerr's oune troupe, which then quartered in Renfrew. Cambusnethen comeing to this toune, enquyres for the cornet's quarters, which haveing found, he sends in word ther was a gentleman desyrous to kisse his hand. Soe soon as he hears this (being of a free and generous dispositione) he came quickly to the door, where seeing his dear comerad, (who was yet with his two servants on horse back,) he leaps a great hight, and clasps him all in his armes, without speaking one word, for joy. Cambusnethen told him, smylling, within some few dayes they might come to meet with more unkindely imbracements; "That shall never be," sayes the cornet; "light, dear comerad, and explain yourself;" which he does, desyreing of the cornet that they might be without company for half an

hour. Being come to his apartment, Cambusnethen enquyred at the cornet if he had any news; he said non, but that the souldiers and inferior officers of ther party wished for a conjunctione with the rest of ther oune armie, for now they stood in fear both of them and the common enemie, and because of that, it is supposed we will quarter in Galloway this winter. Whill they wer thus discourseing, one knockes softly at the door, which the cornet opening, ane ordinance delyvers him a short note, which, when he had read, he delyvers to his comerad, and sayes, "Since Dumbar wee had not the good fortune to be togither, and now ane hour must part us, as you may see by that note; "which contained, that upon sight he should martche the troupe for Rugline, (his leivetennent being then sick at Glasgow.) The occasione of this was, Collonell Kerr had intelligence from Edenburgh that Cromwell was about to send a strong detatchedment of his horse to quarter upon Clyde, and force him to seek his elsewhere, and that very day he had notice from Lendrick, that upwards of twentie troupes of horse was come there, and bound farder west, whereupon he concluded, as he had reasone, ther designe was to fall upon his quarters, which he mynded to prevent, by giveing

them ther wellcome to that countrey; and this was the reasone he soe quickly conveened his troupes, and appoynted ther randezvouze at Rugline, for he judged the English would lodge that night at Hamiltoune, ther being noe conveniency at that seasone of the year for soe many horse, but there. Soe soon as the troupe was conveened at the cornet's quarters, and they wer ready to martch, this young gentleman thought any intelligence he was able to give Generall Major Montgomerie would be but lame, untill he understood how ther forces disposed of themselves eftir this generall rendezvouze; thairfore he insinuate as much to his comrad as he had a desyre to goe along with him, which, when he understood, he was pleased to give him ane hearty invitatione. It was neer two in the eftirnoon before all the troupes came into the rendezvouze, and about ane hour thereftir they wer formed in two great bragads of horse, each bragade haveing two troupes of dragounes upon the right and left hand, the wholl of the horse being four regiments, to wit, the Lord Kirkeudbright's, Collonell Strauchan's, Kerr's, and Hackett's; non of the two first was present themselves, they were

commanded by ther leivetennent-collonell and major, ther number being about twelve hundereth horse, besydes ther dragounes, which was four hundereth strong. The horse was weill mounted and completely armed, the three collonell's troupes all in buff coats, and many of them Dutch, or High Germans: If ther principall officers had been guilty of noe more but the witholding of soe many gallant men from acting in his majestie's behalf, with the rest of his forces then in the feilds, it might have made them soe farre criminall, as to have forfaulted both their lyves and fortunes to him. But his mercy even extended to as many of thir men as out-lived his happy restauratione. Whill this armie of horse stood in this posture, Kerr had intelligence that Lambert had passed Clyde with a great body of horse, and intended for Hamiltoune. Upon this informatione he called a counsell of warre, which satt in the tolbuith of Rugline; here the questione was putt, Whither they should fight the English, or martche ther forces to Carrick or Galloway; for by this tyme Major-generall Montgomerie, by ane expresse, had intimate his majestie's will and pleasure to them, wherein as yet they had come to noe resolutione,

but begane now to consider they we lyke to have ther hands full when they should have to doe both with the king's forces and the common enemie's. This made them conclude ther safest course was presently to fall upon the English, and whatever the successe might be, it would at least take off much of the odium under which they lay, because of ther seperating of themselves from the king's armie. Soe soon as this was resolved upon, the counsell of warre brocke up, and every officer went to his particular charge. The troupes being keeped togither, the barne yairds within the toune and adjoyneing villages payed for that daye's and a part of the night's quarters; near ten the same night they came togither, and was ordered in this manner: Ther was a party of ane hundereth and forty horse given to the laird of Rallstoune, then Leivetennent-collonell to Strauchan, which was to martche before the vanne of the armie, and was ordered to fall upon the enemie's out-guairds; the first braggad of horse Gilbert Kerr commanded himself, the second Collonell Hackett, for the third I doe not remember the officer's name that commanded them; the dragounes was equally shared to these braggads, but ther was non given to the forelorne hope. This was a great errour in these that commanded,

and in effect lost them the oppertunity of routeing Lambert's party, and keeping himself prisoner, as you shall hear. All things being ordered according to ther mynde, they martched furth upon Saturday, or rather upon Sunday morning, the last of November, 1650. About twelve at night, Ralstoune, with his party, being still a quarter of a mylle before the armie, ther designe was to have surprized the English outguairds that stood upon the muir, a little above the toune, and soe to have fallen into the enemie's head-quarters; but souldiers of farre lesse experience, then for certaine many of these officers was that commanded this armie of horse, might easely have known that the brightnesse of the night (being fair moon-light) would not only have discovered them att a good distance by the sight of the eye, but that likewayes the noyse of ther horses feet (being then a hard frost) could not but alarume the enemie, seing they wer hardly a myle off any place before they came to it; but these things, and severall other circumstances that occurred in the tyme of actione, brocke this party; for the enemie's out-sentries haveing heard the noyse of the horses feet, presently conjectured ther was a great body of horse advanceing towards them, whereof they gave notice

to ther guaird, which they heard of themselves before the sentries came in. This they advertised Lambert off, by two horsemen, who immediately commanded the guairds to draw off, and to bring ther sentries without challengeing the enemie within the toune, and not to leave a man at that port where he knew the enemie would enter, because of the way they were comeing. This he did of purpose to delude our men, by makeing them beleive, that eftir his martche they should find him secure: but it proved otherwayes; for Rallstoune misseing ther guairds upon the muir, advanced still with his party untill he came to the port, where ther was not a man to challenge him, which made him doubt either some stratageme, or that ther intelligence had been false of the Englishe's being there; but comeing to the broad street that leads from the tolbuith to the palace yett, he fand the enemie, albeit in some consternatione, ready to receave him, whom he resolutely charges, breakes, and housses most of them in lesse than a quarter of ane hour. It was then soe exceedingly darke, because the moon was now gone too, beeing neer three in the morning, that noe man could discerne his friends from his foes but by the light of ther pistolls; and soe great was ther

confusione, that the English within the toune, being more in number by sex parts then these that charged them, killed severall of themselves, takeing them for their enemies. Lambert being beat from his horse was made prisoner for ane hour; but his qualitie not being knoune, the troupers that had taken him rambleing for horses, (whereof there was good store to be had whose masters had forsaken them), he made his escape out at the back entrie of Sarah Jean's Close, then the greatest inne in Hamiltoune. Being knoune to his oune men, he was presently mounted. To these braggads of horse that was drawen up upon the Crafts without the toune, who yet had seen noe enemie, for all the hott worke ther comerads had within. Day beginning now to appear, being near sex in the morning, when two rascalls, that was more for plunder then fighting, with each of them two of the enemie's horses in ther hands, comes up to Collonell Kerr, and assures him Rallstoune was absolute master of the toune, haveing killed many, made prisoners some, and beatten the enemie out of it: this last was a notorious lye, for the English was yet within the toune three tymes Rallstoune's number, though not in one body, but in twenties and thretties upon horse-back, ready for [^EDITION: readyf or^] service, soe

soon as they should distinctly know ther enemies; however, this false intelligence soe hightened the courage of that body of horse that Kerr commanded, that presumptuously they cryed to him and ther other officers, to lead them to charge the enemie, or they would doe it without them, and upon that begane to move, which ther commanders seing, advanced with them; ther was betwext them and the enemie (which stood in a great and close body with a strong reserve ready to receave ther charge), a little burne, antiently called Keagoe Burne, from whence the first of the Hamiltounes had ther designatione, but now knoune for Hamiltoune water, because it runs through a part of the toune. This water runneing somewhat laigh, ther is a descent to it from the west, whereupon Gilbert Kerr's horses stood, and ane ascent to the east where the English had placed themselves; our men, in passing of this (being in a large front), had fallen in some disorder, which the enemie observing, presently charges them soe home upon the ascent, that many of our front being pressed back by the \number\ and strength of the English horses,

overturned many of the second and third ranks, both horse and men, in the water; however, for a short tyme, it was weill enough foughten, for these upon the right and left hand opening, falles in resolutely upon the enemie's flanks and putts them soe to it, that they wer lyke to fall in as great confussione and disorder as ours was, in passeing the water. But the ground being good and level whereupon they fought, they soone recovered themselves, and worsted these few that disputed with them upon that syde of the burne. The reserves of both parties, nor yet the dragounes, never came to actione, for any thing I could see or hear; what was the reasone thereof I am yet to learne. Upon the retreating of this braggad, commanded by Kerr, the other, commanded by Hackett, fairly martches off without fyreing of a pistoll, which the enemie observing, they calmely martches ther reserve over the burne, whill that braggad of theirs which had foughten was rallying, and putting themselves in order for the persute, Collonell Kerr, with his oune troupe and severall officers, keeped the rear of his oune forces, where wee will leave them stoutly disputeing every rig lenth (for near two mylles) with the enemie; and see what became of Rallstoune and his party, who, soe soon

as it was day (every ane of his men haveing ane of the enemies horse and some prisoners) he begane to retreat out of the toune, which the English (being now come togither in greater bodies) observing, they resolved not to part with him upon soe unequall terms, and to losse ther men and horses; thairfore they charge him upon his reteareing from all quarters of the toune. Most of his men's fyre being spent in the night service, they wer necessitat now to dispute it with ther swords, which they did very gallantlie, as being loath to part with ther late purchase, but to ther great losse, being felled with the enemie's shott, and cutt doune with the multitude of ther swords, which in a manner surrounded them, ther was the greatest slaughter imaginable; for before this they had foughten be guesse, being doubtfull how to direct ther shott or stryke at the enemie because of the darknesse of the night; but now every man saw how to imploy his armes at this last conflict: there fell of Rallstoune's party near sextie, and the rest, with the losse of ther prisoners and horse, being brocken, wer forced out of the toune, to shift for themselves the best way they could. The enemie being still upon the persute of

Collonell Kerr with reserved troupes, charged him still, soe that at lenth many being killed, and most of the gentlemen wounded that keeped the rear, his oune horse shott, and his right hand almost cutt off, he was taken prisoner. At the same charge Cornet James Baillzie was shott in the mouth, through the cheekes, and with much gallantrie, by the helpe of his dear comerad, came off from being made prisoner; such of ther troupes as keeped in a body, retreated to Ayr, whither the English persued them, until of themselves they dispersed, and this was the end of the remonstrating armie, that acted nothing worthy of themselves, nor of that big expectatione the foolish ministers of ther party had of them. Of the routeing of this party, Generall major Montgomerie had notice before eight a clock at night from his cussing Cambusnethen, whereupon the next day he martches his forces back to Stirling, there to attend his majestie's farder orders. Cambusnethen haveing brought his comerad, Cornet Baillzie, to Paisly, and left him there to be cured of his wound, goes himself to the Laird of Cathcart's, of the name of Semple, neer cussing of his by the mother syde; here he remained for three dayes, untill all the English troupes had passed west, and then in company of the

Laird of Idistoune, and some other neighbour gentlemen that had sheltered themselves at Cathcart's, he returnes to Cambusnethen; here it cannot be forgotten how most of this company by the way freatted extremely that this young gentleman and his servants would not part with ther armes, and lay them asyde, as they had done to a very knife, for fear of meeting with the English. As they journeyed with this humour of thers, Cambusnethen made good sport by telling them he loved his armes and horses very weill, and his libertie farre better, and would not readily part with any of these without blowes, if they should meet ane enemie by the way, although somewhat unequally staited. This discourse frighted some of the gentlemen soe much, that when they entered the parish of the Munckland, they slipped off through by-roads to ther oune homes, and left this gentleman to journey to his alone. Being come to Cambusnethen, he was joyfully receaved of his parents, to whom he gave ane particular account of his receptione by Carhouse, and how he stood affected to the proposall he had made anent the matching with his familie; likewayes he informed them of the newes then at court, and the orders given to Major-Generall Montgomerie, and his particular commissione to

himself, in order to the giveing of him intelligence anent the discenting forces now brocken att Hamiltoune, whereto he had been an eyewitnesse. This startled his parents much, who haveing noe informatione of ther sone's being on this syde of the water of Forth, could never have suspected his being at that engadgement. His father modestlie reproved him for hazarding himself where he had noe call; but his mother chide him extremely, even to tears, soe that with many fair promises not to doe the lyke, he scarce could calme her passione, which, proceeding from an excesse of love to and fear of loseing her only sone, was the more excuseable in her that had been a most indulgent mother to all her nyne children, wherof ther was non at this tyme alive but her eldest sone and youngest daughter. The day eftir ther sones comeing to Cambusnethen, he goes for the Corhouse to see his mistress, delivers the letters and what other things he had in commissione to the lady from her husband, which she accepted very thankfully from the hands of this gentleman, of whom she had a great esteeme from ther first acquaintance to her oune death, which she evidenced by many singular favoures conferred upon him and his familie, both before and when he became her sone-in-law.

Eftir some eight dayes tyme at the Corhouse, this young gentleman haveing renewed his acquaintance, and againe proffered his service to his delicate mistress, he was necessitat to part from this loveing company, haveing receaved his father's commands, who was now ready to go for Perthshyre, either to resyde at court, or with his cussing, the Laird of Pottie, a second brother of the house of Raploch, for that winter. The reasone of this sudden resolutione was, because eftir the defeat of Collonell Kerr, Cromwell had resolved to garrisone the toune of Hamiltoune, which he did with three thousand foot and horse, and gave the command therof to Collonell Lillburne. This made most of the weill-affected gentlemen in the Nether Waird to retire themselves beyond the water of Forth. Cambusnethen and his sone resolved to be at his majestie's coronatione, which was solemnly performed upon the first of January, 1651; the manner whereof is so punctuall and particularly sett doune, both by the English wryters, and before that printed sermone, preached at the coronatione by Master Robert Douglas, eftir the presbyterean straine, and alamod the covenant, that it wer superfluous for me to insert the same here. Cambusnethen, dureing his abode att court,

and with his cussing Pottie, he went to kisse the hands of William Duke of Hamiltoune, then residing at the Struthers, a house in Fyfe, belonging to his brother-in-law, the Earle of Crawfuird, both of whom being now forsooth reconcealled to the kirk, who yet would fain have been paramunt, but by this tyme ther wings was clipped, and out of necessitie they became better mannered, and admitted persones of honour, and souldiers of merit, to serve ther prince and countrey upon farre easyer termes, then they would have done the year preceeding. It was to this house of the Earle of Crawfuird's, (a very beigett covenanter, great stickler and opposer of his majestie's good intentions and interest in this kingdome, att and before the beginning of the warre, when but Lord Lindsay, but then turned proseylite in the year 1648, and yet retained untill his death some grains of the golden calf,) that many of the Clydesdale gentlemen came to pay ther respects to his grace the Duke of Hamiltoune, and amongst others, Cambusnethen and his sone, whom he receaved kyndely; knowing Cambusnethen to be an old and expert souldier, he was pleased at parting to assure him that he would procure from his majestie the command of a regiment of foot for him, provyding he would

accept thereof. Cambusnethen humbly thanked his grace, and told him his majestie would gett farre younger and abler souldiers to serve in that statione then he was; however, he was resolved to hazard his only sone in the king's service, by putting him in his troupe of guaird for a tyme, which accordingly he did, and then returned to the west to look eftir his private affairs, which was now beginning to be in some disorder, because his estate in Mid-Louthian was eaten up, first by our oune forces, and then by the enemie's, under whose feet they now lay. Att parting he gave his sone his blessing, and commanded him presently to put himself in the king's guaird of horse, but that he should receive noe pay, nor be burdensome to the countrey, he left him gold and money for three months, against which tyme he concluded the king's armie would take the feilds, and incampe on this syde of the water of Forth, and then his sone might be supplied with necessaries from his oune house of Cambusnethen, which accordingly was done all the tyme the armie incamped att Torwood, Killsyth, and Lelbur bridge, untill his majesty's martcheing into England. Here I might take occasione to give a true and particular account of our armie's martcheing, incamping, and actions, from their

first setting furth from Stirling Parke, untill ther passing by Carlisle, but that all these occurrences are allready fully spocken to by the author of the Civill Warres of Brittaine; and to be ingenuous, the distractions of our kirk, state, and armies, with the mistakes and miscarriages of our principall officers, ought to be buried in perpetuall oblivione; besydes this gentleman, Cambusnethen, haveing noe command, nor being present all that tyme, whose memory I wryte, and not his sones, but soe farre as it necessarily occurres upon his and the familie's concerns, which cannot now be evited, haveing soe great a dependency the one upon the other, as being then in the eighteinth year of his age, and the same year wherein he was marryed, I say it wer not proper, from this narratione, to give ane account of the armie's proceedings, seing he had no command therin, nor yet his son, who served his prince and countrey out of dutie and loyalty voluntarily, without pay or hope of reward, soe long as the armie remained in Scotland; but soe soon as it was knoune they wer to martche for England, Cambusnethen fearing he might lose his only sone in that expeditione, wrote to him the night before the king parted from Stirling to come home, and he not comeing, nor returneing

the expresse soe soon as he expected, because the armie was to martche that way, Cambusnethen apprehended his sone was resolved to goe alongst with them, wherupon he procured obleidgeing letters from his sone's mistress, inviteing him to see her in his passage, which, when he performed, the passione of love soe farre prevailled, that ther was noe resisting of her commands, which, upon old Cambusnethen's earnest entreaty, she caused her mother second by a kindely force in keeping close the iron yett untill the king's armie was passed Boghall, a house belonging to the Earle of Wigtoune, then garrisoned by the English, soe that ther was noe safe travelling upon that road to have followed the armie; hereby Cambusnethen obtained his desyre, and it fell out happily for the preservatione of his familie, which had been extinct if that young gentleman had been lost in that unfortunate expeditione, wherein soe many noble and gallant men perished to their oune eternall praise, and the great comfort of ther surviving

relationes, seing it was in the service of their prince, whose merits then, as at this present, calles for the outmost that his subjects can doe in defence of his sacred persone and royall authoritie, above all persons in all causes, within his oune dominions, let papists and presbyters babill what they please. [^TURNER, SIR JAMES. MEMOIRS OF HIS OWN LIFE AND TIMES, 1632-1670. ED. T. THOMSON. BANNATYNE CLUB. EDINBURGH 1829. SAMPLE 1: PP. 3.1-15.25 SAMPLE 2: PP. 107.26-118.14^]

I was not seventeene yeares old when I left the schooles, # where haveing lightlie passed thorough that course of philosophie is ordinarlie taught in the universities of Scotland, I was # commanded by my father and grandfather to commence Master of Arts at # Glasgow, much against my will, as never intending to make use of that # title which undeservedlie was bestowed upon me, as it was on many others before me, and hath beene on too many since. I stayd a # yeare after with my father at Dalkeith, applying myselfe to the # studie of humane letters and historie, in bothe which I allways tooke # delight. I did reade also the controversies of religion betweene us and # the Roman Catholickes, (for the Presbyterians at that time made litle or # no noyse,) wherby I might be enabled to discern the truth of the # Protestant persuasion and the fallacies of the Popish one or any other, # that so I might not, in traversing the world, be carried away with # everie wind of doctrine. Bot before I attaind to the eighteenth yeare # of my age, a restles desire enterd my mind, to be, if no an actor, # at least a spectator of these warrs which at that time made so much noyse # over all the world, and were managd against the Roman Emperour and # the

Catholicke League in Germanie, under the auspitious conduct of # the thrice famous Gustavus Adolphus, King of Sueden. Sir James # Lumsdaine was then levieing a regiment for that service; with him, (my neerest freinds consenting to it,) I engaged to go over # ensigney to his brother Robert Lumsdaine, eldest captaine; who since that time # was a generall major, and tuo days before the king was routed at # Worcester, was killed at Dundee, (where he was governour,) in cold blood, # ane houre after he had got quarter. It was about Lambes of the yeare 1632, that we came before # Elsennure in Denmark, where we stayd three days, and therafter landed at Rostock in the Dutchie of Mecklenburg; from whence we # marched to the Archbishoprick of Bremen, where, whether with the # change of aire or dyet, or by eating too much fruit, (wherof I saw that # countrey abound more than my oune,) or all three, I fell grieveouslie # sicke. My fever keepd me sixe weeks, and by that time I was able to # walke abroad, we were sent to reduce some obstinate countries to # order, and force them to submit to the Suedish yoake. This provd a hard # and severe winter to me and all of us, who knew not before what it # was not to have tuo or three meals aday, and goe to bed at a # seasonable houre at night. The King of Suedens victories had carried him so far up in # Germanie, that we never came to see him. At the time of our arriveall, his fortune beganne to decline; for at Nuremberg, trusting to # that prodigious successe which had attended all his former undertakeings, he stormed a well fortified campe entrenchd on a hill, in which # were tuo armies; the Imperiall under Wallenstein, and that of the # League under the Elector of Bavaria. At this was a rash, so it proved an # unfortunate ...;

for beaten he was with the losse of neere foure thousand killed on the place, among whom were many brave ......... and gentlemen. Neere sixe thousand wounded, so that # all the hospitalls and lazarettos of Nuremberg were sufficientlie # filld. Nixt November, this magnanimous king, endeavouring to save the Duke # of Saxe his lands from the same Wallenstein, losd his life at the # battel of Lutsen, which notwithstanding was wonne by the conduct and # valour of Bernard Duke of Weimar. In Februare 1633, a strong and # veterane armie of the Sueds came to the Lower Germanie, under the # command of George Duke of Brunswick and Luneburg as generall, and Dodo Baron of Kniphausen as felt marshall, with which joynd # Lumsdains Scots regiment, and one English one under the same Colonell Ashton who was killed at Tradaff or Drogheda in Ireland, where # he was governor, where all were put to the suord by Cromwell in # the yeare 1649. With this armie I had a lamentable cold, wet and rainie # march, till we layd siege to the strong toune of Hammelln, which held out, # with the destruction of multitudes of our men, till the 28th of June, # and till the two earles Merod and Grunsfield, both Imperiall generalls, # came with an armie of 20,000 men to relieve it. We broke up, and met # them foure English miles from thence, and fought them. This was a # battell wherin so much blood was shed, as was enough to flesh such # novices as I was. We gaind the victorie, which was a great one to be # gaind with so little losse on our side. Neere nine thousand of the # Imperialists were killd in the place, three thousand taken, with eighteene # canon, and above eightie standards and collors. The toune yeelded # therafter on articles. After this battell, I saw a great many killd in cold # blood

by the Finns, who professe to give no quarter. The whole time # of this siege, my best entertainment was bread and water, abundance of # the last, but not so of the first; but this proceeded from want of # money, for the leager was plentiful enough. The rest of this summer, # nixt harvest and nixt winter, I was at the sieges of severall towns and # castles, and at many brushes, encounters and ..............; and all # the time sufferd exceeding great want of both meate and clothes, # being necessitated to ly constantly in the fields with little or no shelter, to # march allways a foot, and drinke water; so that then I could verifie # that which I had so often heard at schoole, (\Dulce bellum inexpertis.\) # And indeed I was so hardend with fatigue, that thogh at first I longd to # be backe at Scotland, yet being so well inurd to toile, I fullie # resolved to goe on in that course of life of which I had made choyce, and I # thought then I could have livd all my days on a very spare dyet, and # without a bed too; so true it is that (\Habitus est altera natura.\) In the beginning of the yeare 1634, our English and Scotch # regiments, such as they were, came to be quartered at that Oldendorpe neere to which the battell was fought. I was lodged in a widows house, whose daughter, a young widow, had been married to a # rittmaster of the Emperors. She was very handsome, wittie and discreet; of her, thogh my former toyle might have banished all love # thoughts out of my mind, I became perfitlie enamourd. Heere we stayd # sixe weeks, in which time she taught me the Hie Dutch, to reade and # write it, which before I could not learne bot very rudlie from # sojors. Haveing then the countrey language, I heard also the fashions and # customes of the Germane officers; and about this time was both regiments # reducd to tuo companies; tuo captaine lieutenants, and tuo ensigneys, # (wherof

I was one,) onlie ordaind to stand; all the rest casheerd, and # in great necessitie and povertie. The tuo companies were bot badlie # used, tossed to and fro, in constant danger of ane enemie, and without pay. # Bot I had learnd so much cunning, and became so vigilant to lay hold # on opportunities, that I wanted for nothing, horses, clothes, # meate, nor moneys; and made so good use of what I had learned, that the # whole time I servd in Germanie, I sufferd no such miserie as I had # done the first yeare and a halfe that I came to it. It was in this yeare that the Emperors Generalissimo # Wallenstein, intending to betray his master, familie and armie, [\was put # to\] death by Gordon and Leslie at Egar in Bohemia, by the way of fact, # (\per viam facti,\) as they call it, because by the way of right, or (\de # jure,\) he was so strong as he could not be proceeded against. The actors were # well rewarded by the Emperour, especiallie Leslie. Ferdinand the Second entrusts the conduct of his forces to his sonne the King of # Hungarie, who, with the help of the Cardinall Infant, brother to the # King of Spaine, gave a total defeate to tuo Suedish armies, under the command # of Bernard Duke of Weimar and the Suedish field-marshall Gustave Horne. Sixe thousand or therby, wherof our tuo companies made up some # part, were on our march to Nordling, where the battell was fought, # to have reinforcd the Sueds; and were within a few leagues of # Frankford du Mein when we heard of the rout, and so were countermanded to # Westphalia. By this one blow the Sueds loosd more ground then they had gaind in a yeare before; and nixt yeare most of the Dutch # princes made their peace with the Emperor. Touards the latter end of this yeare, my fathers death # calld me to Scotland to give my mother a visite, where I was forcd to stay # longer

then I intended; for the frost continued that winter # universallie through Europe till the midst of March 1635. In the summer I returned, # and being informed at my landing at Bremen, that some officers # intended to goe from Hamburg to Persia, I resolvd to make one of that # number, and upon that account went thither; where I found many of my # countreymen, some English and some Germans, great with child of that # expedition, wherin they promisd themselves more gold then the philosophers stone can afford the alchymists. The matter was this. The Duke of Holstein Gottorff intended to set up a trade with # Persia, for silks to be transported from Hircania thorough the Caspian # sea, and then up the great river Volga, from thence to Riga, then to # Holstein. The Sophi of Persia was contented ane embassador sould be sent # to treate with him concerning the traffique, bot that the # embassador sould bring with him as many officers as possible he could, to # traine the Persian foot, wherin he was farre inferior to the Turke. A number of # us were to goe as members of the embassadors houshold and # traine, because the Great Duke of Musco, being at peace with the Grand # Seigneur, wold not suffer us to goe otherwise; bot the Russe hearing the # designe, wrote to the Duke that he wold not suffer his envoy to passe # with such followers. After I had spent some of my moneys at Hamburg, and # got a promise of the directors of that expedition, that roome sould # be keepd for me if the voyage went on, I went to Osnaburg, where my # colonell Sir James Lumsdaine was governour. The Persian expedition was # bloune up by the perfidie of the Dukes embassador, who reveald the # whole plot to the Turke; for which he had his head strucke of at his # return from Persia, having deservd a more ignominious death. At my arrival # at Lumsdaines garrison, I found my place was disposed to ane # other, which

I lookd upon as no fair play, being done contrare to promise. # I was forcd to stay there. Sir James goeing away, and the # Imperialists prevalleing everie where, Osnaburg is blockd up by the Marques of Grana. This blocquado was cousine german to a seege; in the time # wherof I came againe in employment. Nixt summer the Sueds prevaile; old Leslie is made our # fieldmarshall, (Kniphausen being killd,) and King his lieutenant generall; # they beate away the Marques, who beseegd us in Osnaburg, joyns with # the Landtgrave of Hessen, and with joynt forces beates Lamboy and # some other of this Emperors generalls, who had beseegd the strong # toune of Hanaw two yeares, and put fresh provision in it. Heere was Sir # James Ramsay governour. After this Leslie joynes with Banier, and # both of them fought with the Duke of Saxe, and ane Imperiall armie at # Woodstocke, where they gaind a compleate victorie. In the yeare 1637, I went with some commanded men, with # Lieutenant Generall King, into the land of Hessen, to assist the # Landgrave to beate some Imperiall regiments out of his territories, who # indeed were makeing havocke of all among his poore subjects. Upon our # approach they retird; bot thogh we were tuo to one against them at # least, and that Bigod, who commanded them, made a stand at Eshvegen, yet # did we retire in great haste, thogh in good enough order, back to # Cassels the Landgraves residence and capitall citie, and left the poor # countrey to the mercy of ane enraged enemie, who had order by fire and # sword to force the Landgrave to accept of the peace of Prague. # Neither did Bigod spare to burn three faire tounes, Eschvegen, Olendorpe # and Vitsenhausen before our eyes. A mournfull sight it was, to see the whole people folow us, and climbe the tuo hie rockes which flanked # us. Old

and young left their houses, by the losse of them and their # goods to save their lives. Aged men and women, many above fourscore, most # lame or blind, supported by their sonnes, daughters and # grandchildren, who themselves carried their little ones on their backes, was a # ruthfull object of pitie to any tender hearted Christian, and did show us with # what dreadfull countenance that bloodie monster of warre can appear # in the world. Neither did our feare, (which often masks itself with # reason of state, as then it did,) permit us to make any stay at # Cassels, bot pousd us with some haste to Westphalia. As we pasd by a litle # toune called Brokle, where lay ane Imperiall garrison, a great many # of them had sallied out, lind the hedges and annoyd the Hessich, who # that day had the vant; which when King saw, he commanded this Sir # Edward Bret and me, with each of us fiftie musketeers, to beate them # in; which we did, with a great losse to them, and of three or four of # our oune men. Therafter finding no enemie in the field to oppose us, the # Landgrave and King beseeged the litle bot indeed strong toune of Vecht, # in which was Lutersam, the Elector of Collens lieutenant generall. This # siege we plyd so brisklie, that within eight days it yeelded on # articles. From thence we runne to the siege of Furstanaw, which, when we had # invested, the Landgrave, by the tolleration, perhaps advice, of the # estates of Holland, broke up with his armie and marched into East # Freezland, where nixt winter he dyed. Bot his armie, under the command of Lieutenant Generall Melander, quarterd there tuo yeares at # least; wher they made themselves so strong, that therwith the brave # Princesse Emilia, Landgraves, in the minoritie of her pupill sonne, of # whom she was Regent, did these feates in opposition to the Emperor # Ferdinand the Third, as hath made herselfe famous to the world, and much

enlargd the territories of that protestant prince. After this # separation, Lieutenant Generall King was forcd to breake vp the siege, and # put his litle armie in guarrison. Nixt yeare he joynd at Statlone, # in the bishoprick of Munster, with Prince Palatine, and beseegd Lemgo; but the sudden approach of Count Hatsfeld with ane Imperiall # armie obligd them to get them gone; bot was overtaken by him neere Vlotho, and there rather shamfullie routed then overthroune, # where Prince Rupert and the Lord Craven were taken, with many brave # gentlemen more. Nixt spring I fell grievouslie sicke of a tertian, which keepd me full seventeene weekes. It is not my purpose to relate all the great actions were # done in Germane during my aboade there, that being the subject of ane other # storie; or yet of all the occurrences befell myselfe, that wold be # tedieous; and therfore I shall say, that haveing passd thorough the severall # charges of ensigney, lieutenant, captaine lieutenant, and captaine, # after I had recovered of my ague, being discontented with my colonell, one # Plettemberg a Courlander, for imposeing too hard conditions of recruts on # me, I tooke my leave of that service in the frontiers of # Franconia, and went straight to Scotland, to look for some employment under the # Prince Elector, who as I heard, by order of parliament, was to levie # ten thousand men in that kingdome. Being arrivd I found indeed a parliament sitting in the yeare 1639, where E. Traquair was commissioner; but no word of levies for Germanie, but verie great rumours of # civile warrs. I stayd bot one fortnight there. At my return to # Germanie nixt winter, I engadged to raise a companie of Germans vnder # one Colonell Burgsdorff, who past then vnder the reputation of a brave and honest cavalier; bot I found he was more obliged to report # than he

deserved; for he cheated me shamefullie by giveing up his # capitulation, laying the blame on Felt marshall Banier having strengthened # his regiment with five and forty men which I had levied on my owne charges, which could cost me no lesse than foure hundreth dollars; so # many leviers there were for severall interests, and so knavish the # sojors. This abuse obligd me to goe to Sueden, to complaine to # these who were Administrators dureing the minoritie of Queene # Christiana. I went in companie with Sir James Lumsdaine, whose regiment I had # left foure yeares before, and Colonell David Lesley, since Lord # Neuarke. We shipd at Lubeck, and after a fortnights toyle at sea, we # landed at Stokholme the capitall citie of that kingdome; much beautified # since with these sumptuous and magnificent palaces which the Suedish # generalls have built, as monuments of these riches they acquired in the long German warre. There I saw one of the fairest castles, and # of the greatest reception, of anie I ever lookd on, all coverd with # copper, of which mettall that kingdome abounds. It stands on a prettie # ascending hill from the sea; and under it, for most part, rides the # navie royall, composd of great and tall ships, carrying some 50, # some 60, some 70, and some eightie brasse guns. The Queene was then about # fourteene yeares old, applying herselfe much to learne forreine # languages, and to the studie of these sciences, which by the strength of # her .... naturall endowments she soone acquired, which has made her so famous # all the world over. Her mother, a beautifull and vertuous princesse, # at this same time when I was at Stockholme, stole away out of Sueden, # being necessitated so to doe by the rude entertainment given her by # the five Administrators; bot within a few yeares brought backe with # honor by her daughter, after she had tane the reines of the government # in her

oune hands. Her cousine german, the Palsgrave Charles Gustav, since that time king, and famous enough for the short time of # his raigne, was just then returned from his travells in Italie, # France, England and Germanie. I petitiond the Councell, and made my particular # application to the renouned Chancellor Oxestern, who, as he had with admirable # prudence and successe mannagd the warre in Germanie after the king his masters death, with the title of Director of the Evangelicke # League and Plenipotentiarie Legat for Sueden, so I found that in # Sueden itselfe, he governed all affaires of state both forreine and domestick. After sixe weeks staye, they offerd me a letter to Field # marshall Banier, to cognosce on the difference betueene Burgsdorff and me. But # knowing well enough to what litle purpose I sould make so expensive # and dangerous a journey to find out Banier, who in pursueance of his good fortune had enterd Bohemia, I desird my passe, which was # granted me, and with it as much money as I suppose I had spent at that # Court. Haveing signified my desire to goe to Gottenberg, and there to # ship for Scotland, they gave me the Queens passe for free horses, meate # and drink by the way; a custome much in use then, and very # grievous to the poore countrey men, since justlie abrogated by a law. I did well perceave the Administrators encouragd all my # countreymen to goe home, old Generall Leslie being then to enter England # with ane armie; and there is no doubt but that rebellion, whereof he # was heade, was fomented by both Sueden and France; the late king in the # yeare 1630, haveing made peace with Spaine, so much to the prejudice # of the ambitious designes of these tuo crounes. I was no lesse # then a fortnight in travelling to Gottenberg, thogh in August 1640; yet it is # bot

fiftie Suedish leagues, each wherof we can compute to be no # lesse then sixe English miles at least. At my arriveall there, I # understood there were tuo ships lying at Millstrand in Norway, three Suedish # miles from Gottemberg, one ane Englishman bound for Hull, ane other # a Dane bound for Leith. I had swallowed without chewing, in Germanie, a very # dangerous maxime, which militarie men there too much follow; which was, # that so we serve our master honnestlie, it is no matter what master # we serve; so, without examination of the justice of the quarrell, or # regard of my duetie to either prince or countrey, I resolved to goe with # that ship I first rencounterd. After tuo days necesare stay at Gottenberg, # I hired a boat and went away in the evening; we rowed all night, and # haveing pasd tuo Suedish castles, about breake of day we came neere # Millstrand. Understanding the wind blew faire for both ships, I was advisd to step out, and goe a foot straight thorough the toune to the shoare, it being the neerer cut, whill the boate went a # greater way about with my servant and coffer. I did so, and came just there as # the Englishman was hoyseing his sailes. I askd him if he wold give me passage to Hull, (a place I have since beene too well acquainted # with,) who told me he wold with all his heart, provided I wold presentlie # step in. I beseeched him to stay till my servant and coffer came, # without whom I could not goe; bot no intreatie or prayer could prevaile # with the inexorable skipper, for away he flew from me, as ane arrow # from a bow. This onlie hinderd me to present my endeavors to serve # the King against the Covenanters. I calld instantlie for the Dane who # was bound for Scotland, resolving to serve either the one or the # other without any reluctance of mind; so deeplie was that base maxime rooted # in

my heart. The people pointed with their fingers to the ship, # which had got a great way out from the shoare, and stayd there for a # passenger whom the skipper had promisd to carry to Edinburgh. He was ane old man, who at taking his farewell of his friends the # night before, had drunke so much that he had sleepd his time. Immediatlie I clapd in fresh men in my boate, the others being overwearied # with rowing, and so came to the ship; neither did the skipper make # any scruple to ressave me, thogh at first he conceaved his old man # was in my companie. To the neglect of this old man, nixt to all # ruleing providence, may I attribute my goeing at that time to Scotland. On the sixth day after my embarkeing, we saw ourselvs not farre from # Aberdeene. I was glad we were so farre north, because I had heard the kings ships were in the firth; bot I was mistaken, for they # were gone; and no matter they had been gone sooner, for any good service # they did the king there. The skipper set me ashore at a place # called the Cove, from thence I hired horses to Edinburgh. This was in the # month of September; and Generall Leslie haveing marchd into # England, with a numerous armie at the Lambes before, and put my Lord Conway with some of the kings forces to a shamefull retreat at # Newburne, had made himself master of Neucastle, and all the Bishoprick # of Durham. I found this successe had elevated the minds of my countreymen in generall to such a height of vanitie, that most of them # thought, and many said, they sould quicklie make a full conquest of # England; bot time hath shoune them since that they made their reckoning # without their host, for the very contrare fell out.

That summer I desird my wife to give me a visite in a # strange land once more, and to meet me at Bremen, which she readilie did, # and in

June arrivd safelie there; the which meeting, after all these # traverses, was exceeding comfortable to me. I could not learne what keepd # the Generall so long in Holland; waiting whose orders, I stayd # still at Bremen with my wife, not onlie all that summer and harvest, bot nixt winter also. I had advisd him to give no commissions till he # came to the hills, that everie mans merite might be cognoscd on. This # he faithfullie promisd, bot forgot it; for he gave bot too many, # and among others, one was sent to me, to exerce the same charges I had # at Worcester, which I accepted. In Februare 1654, the Generall made saile from Amsterdame # to Cathnes, accompanied with my Lord Napier, Sir George Monro, Generall Dalyell, and Lieutenant Generall Drummmond, and many other # gentlemen; and though he had promisd to send for me, that I might goe along with him, yet he did it not, bot wrote to me to follow # him. In Aprile nixt I entrusted myselfe to ane honnest skipper, who # livd in Bremen, bot had beene borne in Scotland. I resolvd to goe with # him to Norway, where he was to take in a loadeing of timber, and # from thence to Fife: and so cast myselfe on Providence, it not # being possible for me to forsee how I could get to the hills from that place. # After tuentie days tempestuous voyage at sea, we arrivd at Norway; # and after a months stay there, we went againe to sea, and on the # ninth day came to the coast of Fife. I went ashore beside Enster, in # the night time, being then in June. I sufferd the skipper to take # all my clothes, pistolls, carabines and saddles with him, all which # he burried under ground at Culros. After some privat stay in Fife, I was # furnishd with tuo indifferent good horses, by tuo noble and loyall # gentlemen; and haveing got most of my things with great hazard and # difficultie

out of Culros, and meeting with five or sixe officers of the # armie, (for so they calld themselvs) I went to the hilles as farre as # Locherne, where I met with some others, who pretended to a great desire # they had to be with the armie. I encouragd them much to so loyall # ane action, bot found it was not their earnest; for they did bot # leade me up and doune the countrey, without ever draueing neere the # armie; which they might easilie have done, it being then at the heade # of Loch Tay, from whence it removeing, and Monck follouing, it was # never possible for me afterwards to come to it. A guarrison of English, both foot and horse, lying at # Drummond Castle, I lurkd some time about Locherne, with very much # danger; and at that time, I had the bad fortune to see numbers of # horsmen which belongd to the Kings armie passe that way, seekeing to # get to their severall homes; haveing taken a libertie to themselvs to # disband, after ane unhappie rencounter at Lochgarie betueene Generall # Middletone and Morgan, wherein the royall partie was worsted, bot with # the losse of very few men. I spoke with most of these horsemen, # and found they were all willing to continue in the service, if their # horses were put in case, who were all pitifullie beaten, and that they had put # themselvs in some better equippage, which indeed I saw to be as bad as # could well be imagind. Upon consideration heerof, I wrote to the # Earle of Glencairden, who haveing done some handsome things before # Middletones arriveall, had acquird the affection of both the countrey and soldierie, bot upon some dissatisfaction given him, had left # the Generall, and retird himselfe with some Lords and Gentlemen, to the Ile # of Makfarlen. I sent my letter (a copie wherof I keepd, and yet # doth) by a trustie hielander. In it, I adjurd his Lordship by all # that was

or could be deare to him, to appoint a rendevous for these # dispersed troopers, if he pleasd, three weeks after the date of the # letter; assureing him they wold punctuallie keepe it, as men who were very # readie to obey all his orders; and withall offerd my service in it, or # any thing els wherin he conceavd me able to advance the grand designe of # his Majesties service. I ressaved his ansuere, which did not at # all please me; for by it my Lord told me, he could doe none of these # things I desird him; being he was layd aside as useles to the King or # his service; with some other expressions of ressentment of the injuries had # beene done him. This made me sensible that the Kings affaires in # that countrey were all out of frame, and made me conclude it # necessare, that he who was most concernd ought to know his oune condition, and # that it could be represented to him by no fitter person than # myselfe, who I found could doe him no good where I was. And heerupon I put on # a resolution to get out of Scotland as soone as I could. To this purpose of mine, a faire occasion offerd itselfe. # One Menyies, a lieutenant of horse, had about eighteene or tuentie # troopers, and a trumpeter, with him; and these five officers who came with me # out of Fife, stucke still close to me. All of them haveing # intelligence that there was 200 paire of pistolls in a house of Kircaldie, # they had some thoughts of goeing thither to make a purchase of them. # When they had communicated the matter to me, I fullie persuaded # them to give it the hazard. On our second days march, we came to ane # alehouse in Glendeven, where they conferd the command of the partie on me. There being good ale there, I causd them all drinke # lustilie, and payd for the breuvage, a thing not usuall at that time in # these parts. Haveing given the word and signe, I march before with my five # officers,

and my servant, inverting the ordinare custome of (\enfans # perdus,\) or forlorne hopes, and orderd Menyies to follow at a litle # distance with the rest. It was touards the evening, and I had not rode a # full mile, when I discovered a partie of above threttie well mounted men # of the enemie, Scots and English. By providence I had on both my # hands tuo litle riseing hills, betweene which I tooke my place with # my officers, the enemie being below me in no good rideing ground. I resolvd # to ressave his charge; bot I sent my servant immediatlie to # Menyies, commanding him to gallop up with his partie, and to cause his # trumpet sound a charge all the way. The enemie and I had trifled away the time with inquireing for whom we were, thogh both of us # knew we were not one for ane other. At length, when I heard our # trumpet, I bid one of my officers tell we were for God and King # Charles, and cryd aloud myselfe, that English sould have quarter, bot Scots # none; and so charged. On our side no pistoll was discharged bot # mine, all the rest being unfixed; on the other, one carabine and a pistoll, # which last was shot at me. The enemie runne baselie, and my partie pursud eagerlie, Menyeis being a man stout enough and well mounted. # After we had pursued by the helpe of the moone about a mile and a # halfe, I causd sound a retreate. Sixe of the enemie were kild, and # foure taken; to one wherof, Jonston, a Scot, bot borne in Ireland, I had # given quarter, Menyeis unworthilie kild in cold blood. He cravd me pardon for it; I desird him to beg Gods pardon for so unchristian ane # action. and so pasd it, because I durst not challenge it. The # mischiefe was, he made his peace shortlie after with the English governour of # Sainct Jonston, and suore to him that he had killd that poore man by # my order, haveing said no Scot sould have quarter; for which the # English

vowd to cut me in peeces where ever they found me. That might, # we refreshd in the wood of Kincairden; neither did I thinke it at # all fitting for my partie to pursue their designe of Kircaldie or me my # intention to get into Fife. I was that night divested of my command neither could I by any intreatie move Menyies to march quicklie # to the hills, knouing these of Falkland and Brunt Band wold be # quickly after us, and these of St. Jonston might be before us. The # truth is, he had a localitie therabout, and looking more after money than # men from the countrey people, he protracted the time so long as # the English gave us the chase. Menyies wold have beene at killing the # other three prisoners, whom partlie with intreatie, and partlie with # horrible threatnings of ane after revenge, I saved; they crying still # to me to keepe parole to them, and had learnd well enough, thogh # against my will, both my name and charge. After this, I shifted myselfe from these plundering # fellows, and haveing put away both my horses and my arms, except one short sword, I resolvd to get into Fife all alone, sending my servant away # a foot clothd as a countrey fellow. The first night I was kindlie # entertaind at supper by my Ladie Breko and her sonne. He went to take up # his bed, as he used, in the mos; and I went on my travells with a # guide. The second night, the moone being eclipsed, I never in all my # life felt or saw so sad and so heavie a raine, nor so palpable a darke # night, thogh in the midst of August. My poore guide, who was honnest enough, mistakeing his way, as it was no wonder, brought me in # a mosse, in which he, my horse and I were well neere dround. After much tumbling, we got out; bot he, who at best was scarse halfe # witted, grew allmost distracted with feare, not apprehending the true # reason

of so great a darknes and raine. My feare was, that his feare # sould make him disert me, and therfor I comforted him, ever and # anone putting a shilling in his hand, and promiseing him greater matters. My confidence brought him a litle to himselfe; bot I was glad # when I movd him to laugh, by telling him that he needed not feare the # white collor of my horse, which, when I met with him, he said wold # make me discernable in the night time; "for, said I, " the mosse # hath made him, you and me so blacke, that we may passe for blackamores." # The poore fellow brought me at length to ane honnest mans house, # and there he left me, after I had, to his oune thinking, # overrewarded him for his nights sad turmoile. This honnest man brought me, a # litle before day, to a friends house, where I desird to be. There I # reposd tuo days; and after ten days longer sojourning with some # others, I got to Enster, where I found ane honnest skipper bound for Ostend. # After I had lurkd foure days at ane honnest mans house in that litle # toune, I embarked, and with a faire wind in three days time arrivd at # Ostend; being as glad to get out of Scotland as I was three years # before to get out of England. After I had viewd that strong place, famous for the three # yeares siege it stood out against the Archduke Albert, I went by # Bruges and the Sluce of Flanders to Vlushing, and from thence to Travere, # where I was informed by that loyall gentleman, Sir Patrik Drummond, # that the King had beene, with his sister the Princesse Royall, at # the Spaw waters, and was then at Aken, the first and antientest # Imperiall toune of Germanie, the ordinarie residence of Charles the # Great, and famous for its hote bathes; the citie and many places about # it, standing above immeasurable, and almost incredible subterraneous # sulphureous

hote waters, wherby many infirm, lame and diseased persons are cured. I went by Dort to Gorcum, from thence to the Busch. # There I took waggon, and passed through the land of Liege to # Mastricht. From that strong toune my nixt days journey was to Aken, # paying money all the way to the Spanish sojors for my life. I arrivd # there the 20th day of September, and rested that night. Nixt day I addressd myselfe to the Vicount of Neuburgh, who # was very loth to beleeve the bad news I told him. Houever he # brought me to the King, to whom, after I had kisd his hand, I shew # that the losse of men at Lochgarie was not at all considerable; yet, # for all that, the condition of his affaires in that countrey was bot bad, if # the troopers disbanding and discontent of some of the Lords were rightlie # considerd. The last of these tuo seemd strange to him, as haveing heard nothing of it before; bot I offerd to make it appear to him by # my Lord Glencairns oune letter. His Majestie seemd to be well # satisfied with my freedome, and orderd me to bring the letter to him # after dinner, which I did; bot feareing he wold keepe it, I tooke a perfite # copie of it, which I have yet by me. I was admitted to the # bedchamber, and none else bot my Lord Neuburgh. So soone as the King lookd # upon the letter, he said it was all my Lord Glencairns oune hand. # Many discourses he had with me; he said he wold shortlie send armes # and amunition to his Generall; he commanded me to waite on my Lord Neuburgh and Chancellour Hide nixt day, and give them ane # exact and particular account of all I knew concerning his affaires in # Scotland. He told me withall, he wold keepe Glencairns letter, thogh # written to me. I told his Majestie, the letter was in the right hand, he # being most concerned in it; and so I was dismisd.

Nixt day in the afternoone, I met the Chanclor and Vicount # Neuburgh at a convent of Franciscan fryars, and gave them that account the King had commanded me to doe. I found it was good for me I had Glencairns letter to produce, a copie wherof, and of mine # to his Lordship, I gave the Chancellor to reade; for without them, # these tuo were apt enough to question the truth of that part of my # relation, concerning the misunderstanding betueene the Generall and # Glencairne. They wold have it to be onlie betueene that Lord and Sir # George Monro. I told them that indeed it beganne betueene these tuo, # bot did not end there. The Chanclor then askd me, if I wold not # goe where the King thought fit to send me. I replyd, at the Kings # command I wold goe to Japan. He merrilie ansuered, Japan wold be out of my way. I told him it could not be out of my way if the # King sent me there. Bot perceiveing his designe was to send me back # to Scotland with letters, I said I was readie to go, bot it was # fit to let his Majestie know before hand, I was a very improper person to # employ in ane accommodation of tuo persons, to neither of which I was # acceptable; for Middletone had shoune how small respect he had for me in severall particulars, which I wolde forbeare to speake of. # Glencairne, and the other Lords, wold looke on me as a sojor, and so one # of those who they thought had cabald together to suppresse the # nobilitie. This was no excuse, bot a certaine and reall truth. After this free # language, I was no more desird to goe to the Highlands. A choyce was made of Colonell Borthwick, to carry the Kings pleasure and # letters to his Generall, Glencairne and the other Lords. Bot his # negociation did the King litle good, and proved exceedinglie misfortunate # to himselfe, as his foure yeares imprisonment at Bruges can too well # testifie.

I stayd a month in that toune, partlie to see my old # acquaintances, whom I knew not when I sould see againe; partlie to cure # myself of a disease which is epidemicall allmost in the place from # whence I brought it, the Hielands; I meane the ich or scab, the hote # bathes of of that citie being excellent for it. Then I got his Majesties # passe to goe to Bremen, bot not to leave his service. Haveing kisd his # and the Princesse Royalls hands, and taken my leave at Court, I left # Aken the very same day. His Majestie went to Collen, and went backe to # Mastricht, with Colonell Borthwick, and George Arnot, at that time page to his Majestie. From thence we went doune the river Mase by # boate, to Rurmond and Venlo, and so to Gennop house. There we tooke # waggon and went to Nimmeghen, where, after a nights stay together, we parted. I crosd the River of Wall, and by land went to # Utrecht, and from thence to Roterdame. I staid some time in Holland, and # went to the Hag, to give the Queene of Bohemia ane account of my # summers expedition; and I found it fit to doe so; for a report had # come to her eares, that in my discourses at Aken I had reflected on # Generall Middletone; and she being a Princesse who had a kindnes for all Scotsmen, did not love to heare that we sould doe one ane other any bad # office. It was now winter, and in the midst of November, when I # beganne my journey from Amsterdame to Bremen. I had a cold and # troublesome passage of it; bot God be praisd arrivd safelie there in ten # days time. There I had the comfort to find my sueet wife in good health, # haveing myselfe passd the yeare 1654 with as much trouble and anxietie # of mind, fatigue of bodie, and danger both at land and sea, as # any yeare I ever pasd in my life. A litle before I went to Scotland, the # citie of Bremen had commenced a warre with Count Konighsmark the

Suedish generall in these parts, and had continued it whill I # was in Scotland, with varieous successe; bot at the long runne, they # were forcd, shortlie after my returne, to accept of a disadvantageous # peace, after a very chargeable warre. In it they surprisd a sconce called # Burg, which the Sueds had taken from them, where Colonell Forbes my thrice noble friend was killd. He was brother to the Lord Forbes, # Governour of Stade, a gentleman of much honor, gallantrie and # integritie. I had time enough to rest myselfe the whole nixt yeare, # 1655. It was then that Charles Gustave king of Sueden, broke the peace # with Pole, sixe yeares before the expiration of it, and invaded # that kingdome with a prodigieous successe. A passe was sent me by one of his # Field Marshalls, Count Wittenberg, at the solicitation of some of my # friends, and ane invitation to come to him, who then had enterd Polonia # Major. Bot I knew how displeasing it wold be to the King, that any professing loyaltie to him, sould serve a prince who had # allied himselfe so strictlie with Cromwell. I excusd myselfe for not goeing, # bot keepd the passe, which yet I have by me. In the summer 1655, Generall Dalyell came over to Bremen from Scotland in a disguise. He # told me Lieutenant Generall Drummond was gone to Holland, and that all being losd in Scotland, Generall Middletone would shortlie be # with the King; and so he was, and whill he was at Court, severall # letters past betueene him and me. After Dalyell had stayd three or foure # days with me, he went with the poste to Amsterdame; neither did I see # him againe, till his returne from Moscovia, which was not till ten yeares # after. Nixt harvest, my wife, intending for Scotland, went a boord # of a ship, and was full seven Dutch leagues on her way from Bremen, # when the wind proveing contrarie, by Gods good providence, I alterd # my resolution,

and went doune the river of the Weser, and brought her backe, that I might enjoy her company the ensuing winter. This was # a great mercy; for that ship wherein she was to goe, after sixe weeks # tempestuous tossing at sea, was glade to get backe to the river, # pitifullie spoyld, and three of her men dead. Not long after, a very # heavie and grievous concatenation of diseases seazed on my wife, which # keepd her seven full months; and indeed I had reason to feare the worst; # bot by the goodnes of God she was at length restored to health, to # my exceeding great joy. In the nixt Spring of the yeare 1656, we # found there was a necessitie for me to looke somewhere for a # subsistence, and so for us to part for a time. This was a griefe to us both; # bot it was our duetie to submit to Gods good pleasure. We resolved # therfor to goe first to Holland, and advice there further; and accordinglie # came by sea to Amsterdame, in the beginning of May. [^FRASER, SIR WILLIAM. THE DOUGLAS BOOK. 4 VOLS. CORRESPONDENCE (VOL. IV) EDITED BY THE AUTHOR. EDINBURGH 1885. FRASER, SIR WILLIAM. MEMORIALS OF THE FAMILY OF WEMYSS OF WEMYSS. 3 VOLS. CORRESPONDENCE (VOL. III) EDITED BY THE AUTHOR. EDINBURGH 1888. FRASER, SIR WILLIAM. THE EARLS OF CROMARTIE THEIR KINDRED, COUNTRY, AND CORRESPONDENCE. 2 VOLS. CORRESPONDENCE (VOL. I) EDITED BY THE AUTHOR. EDINBURGH 1876. FRASER, SIR WILLIAM. THE MELVILLES EARLS OF MELVILLE, AND THE LESLIES EARLS OF LEVEN. 3 VOLS. CORRESPONDENCE (VOL. II) EDITED BY THE AUTHOR. EDINBURGH 1890. FRASER, SIR WILLIAM. THE RED BOOK OF GRANDTULLY. 2 VOLS. CORRESPONDENCE (VOL. II) EDITED BY THE AUTHOR. EDINBURGH 1868. SAMPLE 1: (DOUGLAS) PP. 266.22-267.35 (JEAN WEMYSS) SAMPLE 2: (WEMYSS) PP. 122.13-128.27 (ANNA BUCCLEUCH AND MONMOUTH) PP. 96.10-97.6 (MARGARET WEMYSS) PP. 109.12-109.30 (MARGARET WEMYSS) PP. 148.1-149.19 (MARGARET WEMYSS) PP. 149.20-150.12 (DAVID WEMYSS) PP. 150.13-151.24 (MARGARET WEMYSS) PP. 152.16-153.10 (MARGARET WEMYSS) PP. 156.19-157.11 (MARGARET WEMYSS) PP. 158.1-158.8 (DAVID LEVEN) PP. 158.9-158.26 (MARGARET NORTHESK) PP. 161.23-162.31 (DAVID WEMYSS) SAMPLE 3: (CROMARTIE) PP. 66.11-67.12 (ISABELLA MACKENZIE) PP. 67.13-69.20 (ANN SINCLAIR) PP. 75.7-76.25 (MARGARET ERSKINE) PP. 98.14-101.4 (JAMES MACKENZIE) PP. 126.13-127.8 (ISABELLA MACKENZIE) PP. 146.16-147.8 (ISABELLA MACKENZIE) PP. 150.5-151.14 (JOHN TARBAT) PP. 200.5-200.26 (KENNETH MACKENZIE) PP. 201.1-201.17 (MARGARET WEMYSS) PP. 207.1-207.18 (MARGARET WEMYSS) PP. 220.22-221.9 (KENNETH MACKENZIE) PP. 276.1-279.14 (JOHN TARBAT) PP. 279.15-280.28 (DAVID WEMYSS) PP. 281.21-282.24 (JAMES MACKENZIE) PP. 283.13-284.10 (JOHN TARBAT) PP. 286.14-287.9 (JOHN TARBAT) SAMPLE 4: (GRANDTULLY) PP. 148.19-150.7 (LILLIES DRUMMOND) PP. 181.8-196.7 (THOMAS STEWART) PP. 201.14-202.21 (JEAN STEWART) PP. 203.22-204.19 (JEAN STEWART) PP. 281.1-281.18 (JEAN STEWART) SAMPLE 5: (MELVILLE AND LESLIE) PP. 237.13-238.7 (JEAN GORDON)^]

[} [\265. LADY JEAN WEMYSS, COUNTESS-DOWAGER OF ANGUS, TO HER # FATHER, DAVID, SECOND EARL OF WEMYSS.\] }] Can[\ongate\] , 7 Jully 1659. My Lord and dear Father, - I must needs vindicate myself from # thos unjust aleagances which Bogie wold inferr from thos papers which I # desyred your Lordship and him to subscrive; for the two that my Lord Angus friend # hes already subscrived, they were papers advised as necessary to be # subscrived (incase of ane agreement betwixt the Lady Alexander and me) by Sir Thomas # Nicolson himself, befor his death, as being the best mean to convince the young # pupels that what

wee did was for ther good and not ther hurt and leassion, the # subscriving of which could not wrong thos that did it, because it was done # but by way of declaration as friends. I confess it might incapacitate the # subscrivers to be tutors afterward; but Sir Thomas said if that agreement was # fullfiled, my children wold need no tutors. Upon this grownd it was that I desyred # your Lordship to singe thos papers; and for the other, which does only give me # the keeping of my own children, I was assured that your subscriving of it could # not bring yow in hazard befor I sent it to yow, els I should never have # presented it to your Lordship; for the narrating that parte of the testament wherin yow are # named toutors will not inferr your being tutors, but that yow might renunce # the office of tutorie, notwithstanding of your subscriving that paper; and for my # seeking of it now, it is the only time wherin I can hope to get my allays hands # to it, for if they doe it not now, upon the account of other favours I doe them, they # will never doe it heeraffter. Nether could your Lordship and my other friends # subscrive such a paper affter I were maried, which yow may savely doe now, # because then it wold make yow tutors. But I shall not desyre yow any more to singe # it, seing yow aprehend a hazart in it, and for thos yow have subscrived, I # think yow shall have them to take your name from them again, for my alayes will not # be satisfied except I did oblidg myself that your Lordship nor non other of # my friends should never seek more for my children, which I have refussed to doe, # least I should secum in it. I know it is the affects of Bogie's imbittered # sprite that maks him start all thes scrupls, of purpose to vex me; but he shall # lose his desinge in that, and I shall never imploy him more with any thing concerns me # or mine, for I have now found it well made good that which your Lordship has # often told me of him, and I shall ever esteem him so hearafter. I have sent # your Lordship, heer inclosed, the translation of all that conscerns my # jointer, or any other estate I may ask or claime. The dait of it is advised to be left # blank by my lawier that was intrusted with the draught of it, for he says bussines # must be purswed in my Lord Ruthvens name, being a person who wilbe les suspected # then your Lordship, but the translation serves for my security incase of my Lord # Ruthvens death, so I hope your Lordship will lay it up carefully. I begg your # pardon for this tedious letter, and shall remaine as becometh, Your Lordships most affectionat obedient daughter and humble # servant, Jeane Wemyss. For the right honorable the Earle of Wemyss.

[} [\143. ANNA, DUCHESS OF BUCCLEUCH AND MONMOUTH, TO HER MOTHER, MARGARET, COUNTESS OF WEMYSS.\] }] Whithall, September 28, [\1678.\] Madam, - My Lord Melvill is so soone to leve this place that I # should not have wrettn this day by the post but to aquaint your # Ladyship that the Duchess has comanded me to waitt on her to Holland, # to see the Princess of Orange. I kenew not of this jurnay till # Thursday night, to lait to wrett. Wee are to go next Mundy or Tusday, # and if the uind contineus fair, we shall be littll mor then 24 # hours on the jurnay, it being all by watter. Wee shall stay ther whilst the # king is at Neumarkett. That will be about a fortnight. Ther gos only # the Duchess of Buckingham and the Duchess of Richmond, and I, # besids

Lady Ann, and my Lady Peetrbrowgh, and my Lady Heryett Hid, my Lord Ossarey, and my Lord Rooscomon. Wee are to ley in a hous nigh the Princess, but verie preevitly, which thy are used to # in that cuntray. So wee are not to be taken notice of as we go about. # As soon as ever wee arive, I shall give your Ladyship ane account. I # intend to gett my Lady Fox to make now and then a visett to my children, to see how they are. I belive she had mor skill then my self, # and I am sure she will take care to send to the docktr, which I hope # in God they will not need. But if they should be sick, she will send # in time, which I dare not trust only sarvants with. I am, madam, your Ladyships obedent dutifull child, ABuccleuch [} [\TWELVE LETTERS FROM ANNA, DUCHESS OF BUCCLEUCH AND # MONMOUTH, TO HER STEPFATHER, DAVID, SECOND EARL OF WEMYSS. 1663-1679.\] }] [} [\144. (1.)\] }] [^ANNA DUCHESS OF BUCCLEUCH TO DAVID, SECOND EARL OF WEMYSS.^] Strand, 25 Agost 1663. My Lord, - I wold wret muche oftener to you, bot that my Lady's leter serves ous bothe. I hope your Lordship will never dout # of my kendnes to your Lordship. I shall ever be sencable of your # respect and love to me. Resave thes tokene, and wer it for me. It is # worth

litle, bot it is rar; it is ane flint ston. The kinge wears # the foloue of it, and I hope ye will wear it in remembrence of Your Lordship's most affectionet doghter and servant, Anna Buccleuch and Monmouth. My serves to my sister Lady Margrat. For the right honorablle the Earll of Wemys. [} [\145. (2).\] }] [^ANNA DUCHESS OF BUCCLEUCH TO DAVID, SECOND EARL OF WEMYSS.^] Strand, September 22, [\c. 1663.\] My Lord, - I could not bot let you knou of ane verie fine # galant I have gotn senc the Duke want weth the King, to carie me to the # play. It is my brother Elho. Hi dos love them verie well, and verie # oft wi do wish your Lordshep weth ous. Remember my serves to my sistr Lady Margrat, and ever estim me, My Lord, your Lordshep's most obedent daughtr, Anna Buccleuch. I do wish your Lordshep war hir, that you might kep my # Lady weth me all thes wentr, for shie dos intend to go much to # soun. For the Earll of Wemyss. [} [\146. (3.).\] }] [^ANNA DUCHESS OF BUCCLEUCH TO DAVID, SECOND EARL OF WEMYSS.^] Chisuick, Jouly 23 [\no year.\] My Lord, - I have wretn to my Lady desayering her not to be to much affecket, bot it is mor in your pour to do; and I am # shour non nids to bid you, for everie bodie knous your love to her and # al hers, which obliges me to be, My Lord, your most obedent daughtr and humbl servant, Anna Buccleuch. I hop my Lady is well in her helth, and my dier brother and # sistr. For the Earll of Wemyess in Fif, Scotland.

[} [\147. (4.).\] }] [^ANNA DUCHESS OF BUCCLEUCH TO DAVID, SECOND EARL OF WEMYSS.^] Whethall, March 29, 1665. My Lord, - I could not let this ocaision pas wothout wretn to # your Lordship. I wold not negleckt it so long, bot I was afred to # be troblsom to you if I had wretn as often as I had a mynd to do. For I desyr often to pot your Lordship in mynd of me, for non can # thenk of anie bodi mor then I do of you. I will give your [{Lordship{] # no mor trobll at this tim, bot to say that whill I live I shall ever # be, My Lord, your Lordships most affectionet daughtr and homble # servant, An: Buccleuch. Be plesed to remember my serves to my dear brother and # sister. For the Earell of Wemyss. [} [\148. (5.)\] }] [^ANNA DUCHESS OF BUCCLEUCH TO DAVID, SECOND EARL OF WEMYSS.^] Whethall, May 10, 1665. My Lord, - I resaved you[{r{] Lordships letr, and I was veri # glad to have one from you. I am glad to hir that my litle brothr is so # fin a man. I hope to se him a brave man as anie in the world. I hop # you will pardon me for writin so short a lettr: bot I have no tim # bot to say that I am, My Lord, your Lordships most obedent daughtr and # servant, Anna Buccleuch and Mon[\mouth\] . For the Earle of Wemyss. [} [\149. (6.)\] }] [^ANNA DUCHESS OF BUCCLEUCH TO DAVID, SECOND EARL OF WEMYSS.^] Salesberi, September 11, 1665. My Lord, - It is a gret wheyll since I hard from your # Lordship, bot I hop it will not be so longe again, for it is verie much # satisfaction to me

alweys when I hir from your [{Lordship{] . I hop my brother is # in good helth, and at this tim I will give youe no mor trubl, bot that # I am, My Lord, your Lordships most affecnot daughtr and humbll # servant, Anna Buccleuch and Monmouth. I hop in God that you and I shall be as moeri as ever wi # wass. For the Earle of Wemyss. [} [\150. (7.)\] }] [^ANNA DUCHESS OF BUCCLEUCH TO DAVID, SECOND EARL OF WEMYSS.^] Tunbrig, Jouli 19, 1666. My Lord, - I have resaved your letr of the 10 of Jouli, and I # should be sorie if you ever douted my remmimbring of your Lordship. I wret a letr to you which I niver had ane ansour of. Ther was # no bosinis innt. I feir it was lost, for your Lordship dous yous # to be so kind as to ansour al my letrs. I am ashemed that my Lady and # your Lordship should thank me for so pour a present as that I sent # you wass. I will not give you anie mor trubll at this tim then to # ashour you that as long ass I live I shall alweys be, My Lord, your Lordship's obedent daughtr and humbll # sarvant, Anna Buccleuch and Monmouth. I am my dear brother and sistrs most humbll sarvant. For the Earlle of Wemyss. [} [\151. (8.)\] }] [^ANNA DUCHESS OF BUCCLEUCH TO DAVID, SECOND EARL OF WEMYSS.^] Whethall, October 11, 1666. My Lord, - I resaved your letr this wick, and wass verie glad # of it, for I was afrayd you had mad a resolousion not to wret to me; and # nou

I hop again that I shall hear somtims from you, which will be # a verie great satisfaction to her who shall allweys be, My Lord, your most affectionat and obedent daughtr, Anna Buccleuch and Monmouth. For the Erle of Wemys. [} [\152. (9.)\] }] [^ANNA DUCHESS OF BUCCLEUCH TO DAVID, SECOND EARL OF WEMYSS.^] Whithall, November 21, [\16\]66. My Lord, - I resaved your Lordship's letr, and I shall not # faill to do what you bid me in it, as I shall alweys obay you in everie # thing. My wankle tels me that my brother is gron the boniest litle man # that hi ever did se, and I am exstremly glad to hear it. I hop in God # that hi shall bi a confort to your Lordship and my Lady, when you are # both a hunder yirs olod. My Lord is your most humbll servant, and I should be glad to shou hou much I am, My Lord, your Lordship's most affectionat and obednt # dawghtr, A. Buccleuch. For the Earlle of Wemys. [} [\153. (10.)\] }] [^ANNA DUCHESS OF BUCCLEUCH TO DAVID, SECOND EARL OF WEMYSS.^] Whithall, Novembr 14, 1674. My Lord, - I was verie glad to resave a lettr from you. It is # so long since I hade one, I was afrayd your Lordship would not writt # to me again. I do not deserve the thanks you are pleas'd to give me # for Capten Wemyss. I am sure if I could I would a dun his busines # for him, or anie you recomend to, My Lord, your Lordship's must faithfull humbll sarvant, A. Bucleuch. For the Earlle of Wemyss.

[} [\154. (11.)\] }] [^ANNA DUCHESS OF BUCCLEUCH TO DAVID, SECOND EARL OF WEMYSS.^] Whithall, January 21, 1678/9. My Lord, - I was verie glade to resave your lettr, and to find # you are in good helth. You may freely comand anie that belongs to me, # and Sinkler has promist all deligence in your service, which I am # sure he will parform, tho I hope I shall never give you any trubll, # yitt I could not but be glade to read your kind exspre[{ss{]ion to me, tho # it was not the firstt, but I dare assur your Lordship that non of them # shall ever be forgotn by, My Lord, your Lordship's most faithfull and humbll sarvant, A. Buccleuch. For the Earlle of Wemyss. [} [\155. (12.)\] }] [^ANNA DUCHESS OF BUCCLEUCH TO DAVID, SECOND EARL OF WEMYSS.^] Richmond, May 29, 1679. My Lord, - The reasone I give you this trubll now is to give # you my most humbll thanks for your great kindnes in letting my # charter chist be keptt at the Wemys. It could not be so saiff in anie other # place, and I assure your Lordship I do verie offten wish my selff # ther, that I might be so hapie as to see my best frinds in that place, wher # I have bine so well and so merey. I shall not at this time say anie # mor, but to assure you that I am, My Lord, your most affectinot humbll sarvant, A. Buccleuch. For the Earell of Wemyss. [\Indorsed by David, second Earl of Wemyss:\] "The Duke of Buccleuch and Monmuth cam to Edinburgh one 18 of June 1679 as Genrall aganst the rebells in the West."

[} [\114. MARGARET, COUNTESS DOWAGER OF BUCCLEUCH, TO DAVID SECOND EARL OF WEMYSS, AFTERWARDS HER HUSBAND.\] }] Shirefhall, 8 July [\1652\] . My Lord, - My disyr preuailing so much with your Lordship this # day, as to perswad yow to goe another way then ye intended, obliges # me, in the sence therof, to return thanks, sieing in that mor respect # then in manie visits, or rather then in diserued. I most presume by # this to intret your Lordship to forget wher I am, that ther may be no # uisit nor leter till the end of the nixt munth, at uhich tyme hir # resoloosion shall be imparted to your Lordship, who is, My Lord, your Lordships most humble seruant, Margaret Leslie. For the right honorable the Earlle of Wiemes. [} [\115. THE SAME TO THE SAME.\] }] [^MARGARET, COUNTESS DOWAGER OF BUCCLEUCH, TO DAVID SECOND EARL OF WEMYSS^] Shirefhall, 26 Agust [\1652\] . My Lord, - Since it pleses your Lordship still to expres so # much respect, as willingly to alter any of your resolootions # intended, I doe estiem it ane uery great obligasion, and shall not dowt bot, # as it plesed your Lordship to promice, in your last to me at # Edenburgh,

that ye wold delay your coming to this syd som tym yet, tho I # shall not presum to pre[{s{]cryu, yet I houp not to be mistakin in # this; since at present it is most fit, and it is the disyr of hir uho is, My Lord, your Lordships most humble seruant, Margaret Leslie. For the right honorable the Earlle of Wiems.

[} [\130. MARGARET, COUNTESS OF WEMYSS, TO DAVID, EARL OF # WEMYSS, HER HUSBAND.\] }] Strand, 10 October [\circa 1662\] . My dierest Heart, - Yestirday I hed your Setordays letir, uhich # was most welcom. This morning at 3 in the morning Hendry Makie cam to town. He sent for Niell Muntgomry, bot only told him ye wor # all uiell, and that ye was to ryd yestirday and end all. I am also # gled all is doon for my brothirs caus, for it wold haue doon him urong # if it hed bien delayd. Nixt uiek uill put ane end to all I can expect, # and I canot say I expect much, so that I howip about the twenty of this to # be moving hom, or the 22, as the litle busines I haue uill permit, bot # my dovghtir is uery uiell, so that I may leue hir as soon as I am redy to # go. I sell uret nixt uiek vhen I uill sertenly com of. -I am, yours, M. Lesly. My Lady wold a had me draun a pecktour on this papr, bot # ther is not so much merienes at my heart. My Lord, I did resave your # Lordships letr, and most let my Lady go, tho it is verie far aganst the # heart of, my Lord, your most obedent daughtr, Anna Buccleuch. For the Earll of Wemyss, at Edinbruch.

[} [\178. MARGARET, COUNTESS OF WEMYSS, TO DAVID, EARL OF LEVEN.\] }] London, September the 21, [\16\]95. My Lord, - I ame very glad you were all in your ordinery health # when I heard from you last. I pray God continue it. You tell me the contrey afoords noe news, and yit you can alwise write me # either the best or worst news I can hear, for that is according as your # wife, your selfe, and children are, and nixt to that ane account of # my Lord your father, my sister, and there children, is the most # acceptable news I can hear. I wrote to my daughter just befor my sister # Buccleuch came here. I told her I did expect her Grace very soon. I # never doubted but that she was every way one of the best of her sex, # and now, I thank God, she is beleev'd to be soe by all that knows # her well. She is the pleasentest company in the world, and the most # concerned in her friends. She ask'd me many questions about your wife # and children, and was very glad to hear of there being what they # are. I pray God bliss you all the one another. The post will be gone, # soe adieu, my dear Lord. [} [\179. MARGARET, COUNTESS OF WEMYSS, TO ANNE, COUNTESS OF LEVEN, HER DAUGHTER.\] }] September 28, [\16\]95. My dear Daughter, - I am very sorry you have been so ill of a collick, there is nothing gives it sooner than cold att the # stomack, soe I intret you keep your self warme. Since I came to London I # have had a great cold, but since I let blood it is much better. I # had a letter from your Lord last week, but I never gott two in one week # from none of my friends since I left you; I wrote ane ansuer to it two # days after I receiv'd it. I am glad you are quite of Mr. Midletoun, but # verry sorry for our good kinde friend Mr. Dillidaff his death. I doubt not # of his

being infinitly happy, which may be great comfort to all # concerned in him. I doubt if your brother will get written this day, for he # is out of toune; he has been very earnest with me to lett him goe to # the academy here, which indid is very much commended; the master is # a French refugie, and is call'd a cerious honest man. They say # there is noe place where your brother could better learne to ryde the # great horse, fence and dance than here, and tho' I much rather have # him att home, yit I must consider he cannot be bred their, and he dos # but loss his time att Edinburgh, and therefore I resolve to put him to # the academy nixt week, God willing. I desired Dr. Melvill to tell # your Lord and you that I had some thoughts of it when he parted from # us att Bath, but I had never saide a word of it to anie body but # my Lord Rankeilor, for it is only two days since I tould your brother # his request was granted. The D[{uchess{] of Buccleuche is gone back to # Culford to bring her children and familly into toun. The king is expected # here next week, which is all the news worth writing. My dear, give # my humble service to your Lord and my blissing to the sueet babes. I am ever your most affectionat mother, M. Wemyss.

[} [\180. DAVID, LORD ELCHO, TO ANNE, COUNTESS OF LEVEN.\] }] London, October 26, [\16\]95. My dear Sister, - I had a letter from you some four or five # dayes agoe, giving me ane account that you were all well, which shall # continue to be amongst the best of news to me. I am sory to find so many of my letters to you have miscaried, for I am sure I did # not write under five or six to you from the Bath, and this is the # third, if not the fourth, since I came to London. I wrot with John Hay to # my Lord, and desinged to have written to you also, to tell you I # was merry on your birth day, and drunk your health more nore once # or

twice, and hopes to drink it fifty year after this, but I judge # this may come to your hands before his doe ... Give my humble service to my Lord, and I pray you doe not # let Mary forget me. I hope since I have not the blessing of a # brother, to kepe my head from being broke, I shall have as many nephews to kept it, as half a dozen men shall not be able to breake it. I was at the Princesses Court last night, where I heard the envoy from the Duke of Tuscany make a speach to the Princes and the Prince; and I also see a Dutch envoy. I shall alwayes be sure # to give you ane account of any news thats going. - I am, my dear # sister, Your most affectionate brother and obedient humble servant, Elcho

[} [\181. MARGARET, COUNTESS OF WEMYSS, TO DAVID, EARL OF LEVEN.\] }] London, November 16th, [\16\]95. My Lord, - I receiv'd yours of the 7th, which I long'd for, # not having heard from anie of you this fortnight before. My daughter # should order some of her servants to write ane account of you all, when she # is not well herselfe. I have been a little longer of writing to her # then ordinery, being taken up about a very great and nesesary work; # I mean the receiving of the holie sacrament. I am verry sorry for # what you write anent my Lady Rothess her methods; it remembers me of the proverb, The begining of mischief is noe more then a midge wing. She has given her selfe the trouble to write severall # times to

me of late, and does, as you say, very much regraitt that she # is nessitat to take such methods, or els she must quite the # shirrifship of Fife. You may be shure she says all she can to justifie # herself, and expresses a great deall of concerne and kindness for me and my # children, and particularly that she is glad to hear your wife and # children are all well. I am sorry you blame my Lord Rankilor so much. # You must consider him as my Lord Leslie's tutor, and one so much # obliged to his father, and yit I dar say he is both kinder and wiser # then to instigatt my Lady Rothess to such violent measures. I am shure # he has been att paines to persuade her to the contrary, and she is # ill pleass'd with him upon that head. He wrote a letter to me about # 3 weeks agoe, in which he did much regrait the differances # amongst you, and saide he had so much respect and kindness to both # famillys, and very great obligations besides; that he was much deficultat # how to carry. I did not hear from him since. I am sorry to hear you # are not pleass'd with William Robertsones methods. He wrote to me # that before he receiv'd my orders it was taken out of there hands, # and made a councill business. I long to hear what becoms of it. Noe # doubt the Chancelor will be against you, but I beleeve most part of # the Councill will be your friends. I did not write so long a # letter, since I had almost gone blynd, so I shall add no more but my blissing # to your wife and sueet babes, and that I am ever, My dear Lord, your most affectionat mother and faithfull # servant, M. W.

[} [\183. MARGARET, COUNTESS OF WEMYSS, TO ANNE, COUNTESS OF LEVEN.\] }] December 26th, [\16\]95. My dear Daughter, - I am very glad to hear by your Lord that # you are well, and the dear babes. I pray God continue it. I hope # you shall see him before it be long, for he will stay noe longer # then his business is done. I hope my sister Melvill is with you, to whom I have written, as also to my Lord Raith, who is like to take my # minister from me, but he has been so positive that he will leave us that # I blame him the less. Truly Mr. Riddell has not dealt discreetly nor # very prudently with me, for if he had pleass'd to a told me what he # has said to many since I came from home, I had taken it less ill. I hope # if he come to see you you will tell him that his compleaning so much # of my slighting him will make others afrayd to come; and, besyds, it # is such

a reflection, that it cannot but be very disobliging to me, and # all conserned in me; and I could truly swear I never did any thing that Mr. R. had the least ground to take ill, so it seems he is too # credillous, and that is a great weakness. My sister B. is just coming here, # so I shall only add, I am, my dear heart, Your affectionat mother, M. Wemyss. My dear, send the inclosed letters with your oune # conveniency so soon as you can. To the Countess of Leven, Edinburgh, Scotland.

[} [\188. MARGARET, COUNTESS OF WEMYSS, TO ANNE, COUNTESS OF LEVEN.\] }] [\Circa 1696.\] My dear, - I expected to a heard from you one Saterday, as you promiced. I hope Georges lousnes proceeds from teething. Lord preserve him and make him a good old man. I have gott ane # express from Edinburgh desiring me to come over, soe I entend to goe # this day or tomorrow, and I will alow your sister to waitt one you, # since your Lord cannot well get over so soon, so you may send the collace # for her one Tewsday, and Mrs. Cicell will waitt one her that lenth, # since her oune woman is like to dye and you cannot well spair yours. My # dear,

its like my Lord Northesk may give you a visett, which, if he # do, you must not let him have ane oppertunity of speaking to your # sister unless he take it when you are by, and in that case you ought # to tell him that all the expressions of love he can give her, you # soposs, will signifie nothing except he gaine my consent; for tho' I entend # to give her noe more fruitless advice, yitt I will not consent to let # her marry anie body that apears to be ane enemy both to the Government of Church and State, and I have a far better oppinion of her then # to think she would tho I did alow her, which I never will. Let me know # how you all are. Adieu, my deare. To the Countess of Leven.

[} [\190. DAVID, EARL OF LEVEN, TO HIS WIFE, ANNE, COUNTESS OF LEVEN.\] }] [\Circa 1697\] My d[{ear{], - I have winne the race with my mare. I rune # another by match with my gelding against Carnwaths horse for fyve # guineas, and win that. I have matched him with the same horse this day moneth for 40 guineas to 20. I am yours, my d[{ear{] . To the Countess of Leven.

[} [\191. MARGARET, COUNTESS OF NORTHESK, TO HER SISTER, ANNE, COUNTESS OF LEVEN.\] }] [\Circa 1697\] My dearest Sister, - I am very impatient to hear how dear Mary # is. I wou'd have sent last week but was expecting every day to hear # from yow, becaus yow told me yow wou'd send. I am now very feard she # is worce that I have not heard from yow. I am wearie with wreten before I am well begune to yow, for I have been wreten to # Leslie. My mother tells me that her dearest cusen, Montrose, is dying; I # know she takes the alarme hottly. I have sent yow a litle cutt of my # Inchtoothill linnen to be your morning aprons. I have ordered Jean to putt # up your wallnuts and cheries if she can get a ruskie for them. # Give my affectionat service to Leven; my Lord gives hes to yow both, # and asks if your Lord hes got any word from Ingland about his # horces. Your bairne is very well and going alone. I am as sick as ever, # but still yours, my dearest sister. Munday night. I will not forgett to drink your health tomorrow. To the Countess of Leven.

[} [\196. (DAVID, LORD ELCHO, AFTERWARDS THIRD EARL OF WEMYSS, TO ANNE, COUNTESS OF LEVEN.)\] }] London, October 8th, 1700. I hope you will not attribute my seldome writting, my dear # sister, to any thing else but what it really is, want of what to say to # prove

diverting to you. I was verry glad to hear from your Lord of # your all being prittie well, and wishes what you complain of about your # own health to the doctor to have been what I att first supposed it, tho' I # think there's noe great need of such a wish, unless it were to please # you, for there is noe appearence, upon my word, but that you'l come in # earnest to what you hoped for in jest when you was young, to have twenty # bairns. I am verry sencible, my dear, of your good wishes towards me # in your care and concern in what is most dear to me, my babies, # and if ever it lyes in my power to show any returns of gratitude, # there's nothing, I'm sure, could be more pleasing to me; but you are # the only mother they now have, and they are by providence thrown upon # your care. I doe not encline to enter in compliments with you, # seeing still they have too much the air of distrust, only what I could trust # my all with is you, because we are so much one, that what belongs to # one another we have a speciall tittle too. I have had thoughts of a # good while to beg you to be att that trouble to look narrowly about # the managment of my children, and that it may be the less trouble # to you, and infinitely better for them, to take them to your own # family. I know, my dear, you have told me you think it a trust, but, as # I said before, there's noe body I could trust more with, so, my dear, # when you please to take them, they are yours. I'm affraid Margaret Caithness's coming to your family, with the other necessary # people about the bairnes, prove but troublesome, so if Margaret Arthur # be not immediatly going to be married, Mary is both as capable and # I'm sure full as willing, to look after them as any. So, if you # please, order Caithness to get somewhat more then her wages, and let her # dispose herself as she pleases; but doe in this just as you think best. Give my humble service to Leven. Tell him there's a report # over toun to-day, which most people beleives, tho' it is but # scarcely mentioned in the prints, that both the Pope and the King of Spain is dead. - My dear heart, adiew.

[} [\51. ISABELLA COUNTESS OF SEAFORTH TO HER BROTHER, GEORGE # VISCOUNT OF TARBAT.\] }] Chanry, 28 Jun 1690. Dear Brothere, - Befor I can meit with my sone, the day # will be elapsed to which I am limeted, and my tutor, Hewgh, will not let me # meit without a writen warant; so I beseich yow get mee on the end of Jully or # soom day in Agust. I hop ther neids be no scrupll in giuing it, for, # God be thanked, all is peasabll hear. I sent up to see how he was, and to know # if he wad com doun a pairt of the way to meit mee. I sent him a sight of # your leter to me. His answear to me is, that he imbrases your kynd offer # and expects a proof of it. In the first plase, I wish ye wad get the # garison remooued from Brahan, and get this plas freied from qwartering of sojers, # which if don, I am in hops he will com doun and liue; for ye know his unhappy # perswastion may mak his seruants and them fall foull. I wad wish all that # might be shund. Any other thing for his safety and aduantag I neid not # writ; ye can beter doe it your self, and I hop the comistioner will not be # auerse. On

thing I most mynd and desyr, if posibill, that soon tym may be # giuen me to prouyd the four mounths cess presently apoynted to be payed. # Ye know at this tym of year no mony is to be had of our rent, and the # last years rent is not yet efectuall, nor is it to be got hear to borrow; so # that I most send to the Lewes and try if I can get so much on way or other, which # will reqwyre soom tym. So I intreat yow procure a munths forbearanc or mor. # This is enewgh of trubll at on tym from your affectionat sister and # seruant, Isobell Seafort. I am so weary with my jurny that I could not think of going # up the contry yet. I wish my [\son\] John wad be alowed to com hom, # for I can get no mony to send him. I pray yow giu him your aduys in the mean # tym. For the Viscount of Tarbat - thes.

[} [\52. ANN SINCLAIR, VISCOUNTESS OF TARBAT, TO HER # HUSBAND.\] }] Castalleoud, the 21 of Juli [\circa 1690\] . My dear Love, - I recued the horses, coues, and all as you # wrot, uery will. I am uery sori of the disapoyntments you haue mett # with. By the acount I haue sene from Sir Georg Sinclair, Maye's moni was # long ago redi, and I hope or this tyme you haue recued it. I am told ther was # a ship of gret burdin brok to pices as she entered the Suteres, which I # wonderd much att, lodend with irne and I know not what els. The men are all # safe, and I hear they got uery good peniwortes of it; but nather my son, # nor any ther, aquanted me any thing conserning hir; bot so sone as Iohn # M'Leod come from the hilandes, which was the wery day I furst heared of # it, I sent him ther to se what truth was in it and to secure the anker and # best rop. I heared

the Invernes men boght op all at a uery shep rat. When John # returnes I will send you a trow acount. I lykwayes sent him to se if any # moni could be had for melle, or any thing els I had, for the litl uitwall # that you and I sold, you know, ther day is nott comed; and I lykwayes sent to # Chanri to see if Heow Bellr could send any. The litl moni I had I # allwayes was giueing of it to the wark men. I had seuen or eght that behoued to # haue payment euery Seterday. Its trow it was bot litl, but many smales # mackes a gret. I haue only ten or twelw pound to send, and if Iohn can get me # any, I shall be seor to send it when he returnes. If I could get moni for # butter or chies, I want not that. I haue giuen out a gret deall of chise for # the neow crop - a ston of chis for a firlot of bear. This is as all my # nighbores does, bot I can get non almost sold at marketes, for it giues small prise, # ther is so gret plenti of it this year. Our wark goes on bott sloly. You know # M=c=gumeri is not ouer suift, bot he is ioging on; I hope it will shortly be # redi. I am iust going about to cut turff for laying the grines. I know not bot # you may be angri, seing I had no derection wher to cut. We know no place # bot ether from the syd of the moure as we goe to church, or in the wood # aboue the hous. Dason is doeing on; and now that I haue horses, I hop # something may be done, bot slades is the thing that kiles our horses, # for cartes will not goe wher the stones ar. Dauet is busi skliting the turettes. I # am only now uaiting for a litl more lyme, which is uery ill to be had; for # John nides for Tarbet, who is indid a uery good griue and becomed a uery # frugale man. To tell the truth, ther is litl ealle drunk in his house or # myne, not that we uant it to any that comes, bott uhay is uery plenti, and when # he stayes with me he drinkes nothing bot uhay, except in the morning, and # that uery litl, and it agries uery well with him. I browed only once since you # uent from this. You know I had uery good aelle in the hous, which I # botteled, and it keipes uery well; and I beliue the wine is uery good to, for # oght I know, for

we haue not gret us for it. Once we drunk a fiow botteles, # when my sister Sefort come to dyne with me with her chaplen and brother in # laue. I am told they fish preti will att Conen iust now. I resolue to # send ouer and se how it goes with theme, when John returnes. I hear Wil # Sinclair is maried doun in Tarbat with Ann Doneldson, my woman. She uent from # this without tacking liue, with chyld to him, and stayes with John to wash # his linin and mack his bed. Tho she parted in that fasion with me, you # know uery will ther is no obligation will oblidg you to pay Willem # Sinclairs debt, or any thing he will say he took one my behalf, without they haue # my handwrit for it; uther wayes ill seruants, as he was on, might wrong # masteres in a gret deall of moni. I left no acounts unpayed or giuen tiket # for, as Jeames Linsay knowes, and Ann Menizes. You writ me no acount of my # sones wife. They tell me she is broght to bed of a doghter. I know not if # it be so: I get neuer a letter from any of my doghteres, tho I writ many. # I know not what you haue done with Jeames Sinclair and my thre fiue gini # pises. This is anoff [\at this\] tyme. God preserue you and mack me # thankfull for your recouery and helth you now haue. I am Your faithfull A. Tarbat. For the Viscount of Tarbat.

[} [\58. MARGARET ERSKINE, WIDOW OF SIR JOHN MACKENZIE, TO HER # SON, GEORGE VISCOUNT OF TARBAT. CIRCA 1690.\] }] Edinburgh, this Wedinsday, lat. Louing Sone, - Since I can not come to sie you, and it # seims ye haue not leasour to come sie me, I mast tell you ar very onkynd, and # litlle concerned in your mother, when I am abused with a litlle pitifull Seson # Lord, aganst both reson and jusstis. What ever I suffered in my husbands # time is wealenugh knowen, and what onjustice I got from that bench; # bot what he got I did bear it with als great patience as I think ever # women did. I thought him worth more then I had to giue him; bot I am sure I # owe no kyndnes to his mein sprited sone. His wife wreat very # imperiously to this same felow, to bring hir over my meall; and now he wreats, to # bring him my bear. The very last words of that decreit his father got, # giues him onlie the adminstration of that rent, and apounts it for his alimint, # and myn; how he

comes in for the thrid hand after his fathers death to seik my # rent, I doe not onderstand. I pray you, giue you can get so much time, ax # him and his advocats a reson for it. After this I intend never to make any # agriment with him, bot take what the law will giue me. I know ther # goodwill alredie, and how they can strech both reson and justice, and I mynd to # haue another spring to the same tune. Recaue the leter he sent over, and # tak some cours to stop ther indiscretion, or els I miscall them very # ill. I rest your louing mother, M. Askyne. For my Lord Tarbitt. [} [\59. THE SAME TO THE SAME. CIRCA 1690.\] }] [^MARGARET # ERSKINE TO GEORGE VISCOUNT OF TARBAT^] My deir George, - Your trouble is no small trouble to me; # bot I hope ye ar so wise as to tak that befals you from God Almightie, # and nothing hath befalen you but what is comen to men: and giue it war not for # the ofending God Almightie, it wold bot troublie me litlle; for thes # thinges is inevitable, when young men and men in drink qwarles togither. I put no # qwestion bot ye haue enamies, bot giue God be your frind ye neid not # cair. I haue sent you your legasie befor I dy. I wold not haue you giue # this gold away, onles it be at a strat. I got it from your father, and I think # I can not bestow it beter then on your self. This with my blisen. I rest your affectinat mother, M. Askyne. The lat Erlle of Lithco, wold haue given me 36 pound # sterling for it, to haue giuen the Duk of Yorrk, when he was heir. It is Lamormour # gold. For the Viscount of Tarbitt.

[} [\79. JAMES MACKENZIE, AFTERWARDS LORD ROYSTOUN, TO HIS # FATHER, GEORGE VISCOUNT OF TARBAT.\] }] Utrecht, October 18, [\16\]93. My Lord, - I am now, God be thanked, safelie arrived at # Utrecht. On the 5 instant I left London, but when I came to Greenwich, the # yauchts were gone down to the buy on the Nore. I immediatlie thereupon went # on board a smack goeing for Deal, and, when we came near the Nore, we # see a great fleet under sail, but none at all at anchor, so that I # dispaired of goeing to Holland this winter. This fleet proved to be the great ships # comeing to Chattam. As we went throw the fleet, we learnt that the # yauchts designed for the King were gone up Chattam river, there to lye till # such time as the convoy was readie. I then left the smack, and went after them # in a litle

boat belonging to the men of war, but they sailed too fast for # us to come at them. So I landed at Sheerness, and in the evening, after # haveing vieued that fort, I went on board one of the yauchts. I had before # gott a warrant from the Lords of the Admiralitie, which I gave to the # captaine, who was verie civil to me. I went on board on the Fryday, and there # lay at anchor till Sunday, so that I had the opportunitie of seeing the # fleet, for we lay within a pair of the Brittannia. I need say nothing of them, # for your Lordshipp see them formerlie. On the 9 we sett sail under convoy of 4 # great ships, commanded by our countrie man rear-admiral Mitchell. On # the 11 we came in sight of Holland, and landed at the Briell. That # night I left the yaucht, and went up to Rotterdam in companie of 2 French # gentlemen. I found that, before I touched land, I had spent 5 guineas. It # cost me 2 for a warrant, 2 to the captaine, and 1 before I went on board for # boats from London to Chattam. This is a great toune, and the second in # Holland. There are but few things remarkable in it, onlie Erasmus his # statue erected in the markett place, and the great church, where lye intombed # severall admiralls. From thence I went to Delft, a verie neat toune. # This is the great magazine of Holland. In one of theire churches are to be # seen the tombs of William the Great and Admirall Trunp, and, in the # cloister, you have a brass pillar with ane inscriptione shewing how that # Prince was killed by a Jesuite, with his deserved punishment. From Delft I went # to the Hague, the fairest village of the world. There are here manie # things verie curious, as the Prince's palace and his house in the wood, in # a hall belonging to which are to be seen a great manie fine pictures done by # the most famous painters of Europe. Portlands gardens are well worth the # seeing. The King was at the same time at the Hague, onlie waiting for a fair # wind. On the 13 I went to Leyden. Here I see the closet of the famous # Herman, the choisest collectione of curiosities in Europe; here is # likewise the best collectione

of plants and shrubs in the world; a great manie other things # they have, which for brevities sake I omitt. Here I staid some # days. On the 16 I went for Utrecht. In my way I see the Rhine, which, tho # it retains the name, is but a small branch of it. I found here a great # manie Scotsmen, - I believe no less then fiftie. Lantoune and his ladie are to # leave this place so soon as my Lord Ballcarras comes here, and from hence to # Hamburg. I am not yet setled, nor do I intend it till I hear from your # Lordshipp, for I am affraid I cannot live so cheap here as in Oxford. They have # two different ways of liveing in this place; either they pension, or eat in # ane ordinarie. In the first, they pay for chamber and diet 15 shillings a # week; in the other they pay 7 for dinner onlie. You cannot gett a tollerable # chamber under 4 shillings. This makes 11, besides breakfast and supper, which # cannot cost me much under a crown; and considering the inconvenience and # danger of goeing abroad at night for supper, which I must certainelie be # obliged to do, I think the first the best way. Then ten ducatoons for everie # colledge. My exspences in my journay to this place are all extraordinarie, # so that, for this year, I am afraid I cannot live under ane hundred pounds, as # few or none here do. I would verie willinglie, if possible, put your # Lordship to less exspences. This year has been verie fatall to Scotsmen in this # place and in Leyden, few or none escapeing ane ague or fever; 3 or 4 dyed, # among them a son of Sir James Hay of Limplum, who is verie much regrated. # He was one of the best scholars Dr. Gregorie ever had; and I, tho this be # the best season, and tho I have taken as good care as possible, am a litle # troubled with the cold, so that if your Lordshipp find anie other place as # convenient, I would willinglie leave this place. Not but I like it verie well for # everie thing but the air, which I have good reason to fear, considering the # thinness of my bodie; and I think health is preferrable to anie thing in this # world. However, in this as in all other things, I shall submitt to your # Lordshipps determinatione.

But I fear I am too tedious, and I shall deferr anie other # thing I have to say till my next. I remaine your Lordshipps dutifull son, Ja. Mackenzie.

[} [\103. ISABELLA MACKENZIE, COUNTESS OF SEAFORTH, TO HER # BROTHER, GEORGE VISCOUNT OF TARBAT, WITH THE PRECEDING LETTER.\] }] 13 December [\16\]97. Dear Brother, - Soom days agoe seuerall of our frinds met # at Fortrose, which tym they recomended the inclosed to me to be sent south # to yow; but, the sto[{r{]m fallen on so heauily, I could get non this plas # to undertak to goe with it, the uswall posts being allready south. I am # uentering now to send it; I wish it com safe to your hands. By this yee will # perceaue how willing all is to hau any diference betwixt yow and my sone # Seafort taken away; and non will be glader of it then I will, however I hau # bein misconstructed in the thing. Beleiue me, I wad dy much the easier that wee # war all as wee owght to bee, frindly and kynd, so that I hop out # of a Cristian disposition yee will pas by and forgiue wherin yee think yee # hau bein

wronged; and this I will expecte from others to yow also; and # wherin I can contribut to mak all ods euen, I asure yow will be efectually # endeauored be your afectionat sister and seruant, Isobell Seafort. My son continows ill of his grauill. On day of six he is # not free of it. I hau minted twys to goe see him; but the storm is so great I # was forst to turn back. For the right honourabll the Vicount of Tarbat - thes.

[} [\119. ISABELLA MACKENZIE, COUNTESS OF SEAFORTH, TO HER # BROTHER (GEORGE VISCOUNT OF TARBAT).\] }] 9 September 1700. Dear Brother, - I got yours with Collen, Coulls sone. The # letter yow mention in it I neuer got; howeuer I am glad yow are weell; # and I nothing doubt of your being in a satisfyed condition. As I wad think, # yee war ill to pleas; and tho soom spok against your marage, I confess I did # not think them your frinds that did so. As to other things of which yee # had fears, I hop or this tym you know that your fears was grundless, as all # of us hop and wish. Now, as to my self, I think my trublls shall neuer # end till my tym end. I may say they run paraleall with my days; for euery # new day

brings a new trubll; and that which I am huried with at # present is ode to come from a brother, a neuoy, and a sone. Soom says it was but # a base unaterall imployment for Prestonhall to your sone Cromerty to # aprehend me with caption; and so uiolent are they on this that I dar # not keip my own hous. I pray giu your aduyse in this, for I am confident # it has bein without your knowlidge. I shall trubll yow no farther, but # rests Your afectionat sister and seruant, Isobell Seafort.

[} [\122. (JOHN MASTER OF TARBAT TO HIS WIFE, THE HONOURABLE # MARY MURRAY. CIRCA 1701.)\] }] My dearest Soule, - My last was an answer to yours, sent # by Inchcouter. The bearer uas a footman of Lady Issobella M=c=Leods, who # promised to delyver my letter out of his oun hand to you at Tarbat, but lick a # raskall he forgot to call for the leter after it was sealed and baked. It uas # tuo days therafter or I hade occation to send it, and that uas a footman of # Gairlochs, so that I doubt not of your haveing receaved it long or nou. I deteaned # this bearer, thinking to give my dear Mary some sertean account of hou # matters stood betwixt my father and me in relation to the setlement of our # pryvat affairs; but the publick concern (I mean the parliament) does so # intyrly take up my father, that to attemp speaking to him of anie pryvat # business uer in vain. God knowes how uneasie this is to me; for it not only hes, but # is the only cause of my too long absence from the delight of my lyfe, and your # trouble for that I oune is uhat is most in my mind, espetially since I # receaved your last letter by the Inverness post, which uas Saturday last, dated # the 5th of Jullij. I oune I never was more surprised then at the reading of the # first part of your last leter, for I concluded you uould have rested intyrly # satesfyed as to that proposition of my sisters going north, untill you should have # my return to uhat you writ uith Inchcouter; for that did contean as much as did # finally determin not only me, but lickuay our uncle, the Justice-Clerk, that # after uhat you said my sisters staying with me uas never more to be # thought of, and

my Lady Prestonhall uas of the saim opinion; so that, upon # second thoughts, I doubt my dear Mary uill be so just to your husband # as to condemn your dear selfe for interteaning the least thought that uould # occation a minuts disquett. My deare needs not fear that tho my father, # uncle, and all the relations I have alive, uould urge me in anie # thing against your inclinations, that ther pleasure uould weight in the ballance # uith yours. It is farr from that. The only reason that my dearest soul gott # not my positive resolution of not excepting my sister to live uith ous after # uhat you writ uith Inchcouter, uas the information my Lady Prestonhall gott # of my fathers resolution, in alltering his former design in setling his # estate and affairs in my person, in case of our refusing to take my sister to our # famely. For this reason, I say, my uncle and his lady oblidged me neither to determin, # or writ to you finally of this matter, till your return to ther letters # should come, which I doubt not my angel uill doe in as reasonable terms as posible.

[} [\157. (THE HONOURABLE SIR KENNETH MACKENZIE, SECOND SON OF # GEORGE FIRST EARL OF CROMARTIE), TO HIS FATHER.\] }] Edinburgh, Aprile 15 [\circa 1703\] My Lord, - As I returnd from Preastounhall the other day, # Sir Robert Dicksone being told I rode by, followd me to Inverask, and, # after many protestationes of his inclinatione to serve your Lordship, he # informd me that their is a certain designe to impeach the Duke of Atholl and # your Lordship befor the ensuing parliament, and that his avoucher assurd him # you coud not be awarr of the grounds of the indictment. This he woud # needs have me writt. I know the Earl of G. was a night with him not long # since, who I beleive is the author of this stuff. Tho I know very weell # their is nothing to be feard of this kind, yett I presume to say that I wish your # Lordship were not presentt att our next sessione of parliament, for, as I # understand, your freinds will be very untractable if the grand affair talkd of # is to be pressd att this tyme; and for me, tho I will not determine myselfe # without advising with your Lordship, yett my being so singularly treated hitherto # gives me small encouragment to serve such masters in tyme coming, for, as I # never yet made a wrong step wheir the Crown was concernd, so I have bein # alloud to spend my tyme and money without thanks, when many who came not my # lenth have grown rich. For the right honourable the Earle of Cromarty, principall # secretary of state for Scotland.

[} [\158. MARGARET COUNTESS OF WEMYSS AND CROMARTIE TO (HER # HUSBAND, GEORGE FIRST EARL OF CROMARTIE).\] }] Melvill, the 19th of Jullie 1703. My dearest Love, - I am very sory you have been so toyld # with business, and satt so late up. I pray God it may not do you hurt. I long # alredy to be uith you againe, and tho' I have a little of the gravell, # yitt I resolve, if the Lord give me health and strength, to goe from this place # tomorrow by 8 acloak in the morning, for I do not care to ly abed when I # want my dearest and better parte. I shall be very carfull of your Pegie, and, # if I finde my selfe weary or not well tomorrow, I will stay till Wednesday, # which my sister is very earnest to have me do. My dearest heart, I had great # satisfaction in the work I have been about these severall days past. It is now # neer 12 a cloak, so I shall add noe more, but I am unalterably, my # dearest life, Your oune M.W. Your sone was very carfull of me, which I took most kindlie # one your account.

[} [\165. MARGARET COUNTESS OF WEMYSS, SECOND WIFE OF GEORGE # FIRST EARL OF CROMARTIE, TO (HER HUSBAND).\] }] Saterday, 24th [\1703\] . My Dearest, - Tho I wrote one Thursday, yit I would not # miss this occasion to tell you I am weell, I thank God; and if my dear # childe could have consented to my leaving her this afternoon, I would have # gone to Sherps houss and stay'd there to morrow and heard Mr.Tullideph # preach, and gon away one Monday morning. But my dauchter was vex'd # when I spook of it, and has convinced me I could not be uith you till # Tewsday if I did so; for my Lord Melvills coach is to com to the waterside # one Monday, and if wee can get the lenth of Kenoway that night, it is a # great jurney for the horses and for me too, who has 13 myles in this side; and # I hope wee shall get over on Tewsday afternoon - and I can be no sooner # over however now. The Lord send us a happy meeting! My dearst love, be # carfull of the best parte of me, and do not fast long nor sitt up late. # There is great care taken of me here, but I fear their will be some tears att # parting, tho none from me, my dear. [\Indorsed in the handwriting of Lord Tarbat:\] "C=s=. Weems # L=re=., 1703."

[} [\178. (THE HONOURABLE SIR KENNETH MACKENZIE OF GRANDVALE, # BARONET, SECOND SON OF GEORGE FIRST EARL OF CROMARTIE, TO HIS # FATHER.)\] }] Edinburgh, February 17th [\1704\] . My Lord, - Last evening my Lord Aberurchle dyd. He # particularly recommended his sone to your Lordships and my Lord Justice # Clerks protectione.

Munday next goes for court the Earles of Rothes and Roxbrough, with the Laird of Jerviswood, to represent to the Queen, that # the advising her Majestie to pay her forces heir with English money, was # pernitious to, and vnconsistant with the libertie of this natione, and that # such councellors shoud be removd from her persone; and further, to intreat of # the Queen that our parliament may be alloud to sitt at the tyme prefixd, that # the plott against her person and government may be laid befor it, and # that the noble persons so much callumniat may have opportunity to vindicat # themselves. This is what I cane learn is all their bussines...

[} [\222. JOHN LORD TARBAT, ELDEST SON OF GEORGE FIRST EARL OF # CROMARTIE, (TO HIS FATHER). (CIRCA 1704.)\] }] My Lord, - Your ordors anent the elections of the shyre of # Ross uas so long a coming that, hade I not taken measors uhich, to my # great satisfaction, I fynd assuerable to uhat your Lordship uas pleased to urit # both to myself and your other freinds in this place, the Uhige partie uould, # uithout dout, have caried ther design, which uas to have the Lairds of # Bellnagoun and Fouls chosen to represent the shyre of Ross in the insheuing # parliament; so that your interest (uhich by fare is the greatest, # notwithstanding of Fouls and Bellnagouns joineing thers), hade signefyed nothing in the # matter of the elections of Ross, either in shyre or broughs, only for # not uriting in time to your freinds, uhich your Lordship often blames me and # others of your relations for, - I mean, not uritting, uhich in time comeng I purpose to # amend. Catbo, uho brought your letters, uas more the[{n{] three ueek # by the road. I insist the longer on this that your Lordship uill be pleased, # when anie such publick affair is to be gon about, to send ane express, for # letters of concern are never to be trusted to gentlemen. Nou that all things are # according to your Lordship desair, I most confess that I have some # satesfaction that once in my life I have occation to challenge your neglect of # uritting, for I doubt [\if\] I'l ever have it again. I beg your Lordships pardon for # this freedom. Hou soon I hade your letter, I aquanted all the barons of Uest # Ross to meet at Dinguall, which they did on Thursday befor the elections. # At our former meeting it uas unanimously agreed upon that, uhen your orders # should come, uhich all of them expected (I mean of Uest Ross), that Fouls # should be called to our pryvat consultation, uhich accordingly uas done. This # uas to persuad Fouls not to joine with Bellnagoun against the Mackenzies, uho # uer alluays

his good nighbours and freinds, uhich ue douted not but he and # his famely uer sencesible of, particoularly uhen he and his father did # compeat uith Bellnagoun in the elections for the last parliament, the Mackenzies still # preferrd Fouls; and nou that they resolued to have tuo of ther famely # (viz., M=c=Kenzies) to represent the barons of ther shyre in this # parliament, they douted not of Fouls' heartie concurance in ther so just and # reasonable design against Bellnagoun, or anie other uho uould opose them. # And this uas but uhat they looked for from Fouls and his famely as just # returns for ther former acts of freindship; this I had comission to tell # Fouls from all the barons of Uest Ross. His ansuer uas that he and his famely uer # verie sencesible of the Mackenzies freindship in generall, and the # Viscount of Tarbat in particoular; but in this affair of the elections he uas # sorie he could not go allongst uith them in choising tuo of ther famely, but he # uas satesfyed for on, which was Scatuall, as an honest man and my Lord # Tarbats near cousin. They thanked him for his offer, but told him roundly # that he uas neither just nor kynd, and that after this he nor anie # called Monro should have ther freindship as formerly, farder then comon # sivility oblidg them too. Fouls uas much surpryzed at this, and pretended to # excuse himselfe, upon the account of conscience, and a great deall of # other Uhigish cant, uhich is not uourth troubleing your Lordship uith at # this time. At last poor Fouls fell in tears, uhich made all our barbarous # muntaniers lauch, particoularly Fairburn, uho bid Fouls go home to his mother and his # ministers, which sett both him and Bellnagoun better then to be members # of parliament. I really think if poor Fouls uer not imposed upon by the light # headed ministers, he uould [\not\] have acted in this as he did. But, # uhen I found that Fouls uith the other Monros, particoularly Cullrain, uho, # uhen he receaved your letter, promised upon honour to be for anie tuo I # pleased, hade joined uith Bellnagoun, I sent Coull and Rideastell to Foules # to tell him

from me that, seeing he hade joined with Bellnagoun against # your Lordship and his other best freinds and nighbours to the great # prejodice of his famely, I behouved to be excused if I did not act as formarly: for, # since reason and freindship could not prevail uith Fouls, perhaps some other # thing uould, which uas, if he pretened to apear at Tain the day of the election, # I uould give him the Queens hous to keep, for I hade a caption then in my # pocket readie, with messenger in the nixt room, but, on the consideration that # Fouls come ther on my call, he should go home as freely as he come afeild. # Both his cousin-germans told him that it uas needless for him [\to make\] anie # aplication to me, for I uas justly offended uith him for joineing uith # Bellnagoun. The sume conteaned in the caption uas six or seven thousand merks # Scots. Tho the sume uas not great, yett it uas too much for the laird and all # his clan to pay on so short advertisment; so the laird uas necessitate to stay # at home, uith great resentment against me. All his freinds joyned uith # Bellnagoun against your freinds, and uhen Fouls hade been uith them at the # elections, matters uould have gon as they are. And this I knew befor the day of # elections, for at the meeting I hade uith our freinds, uhich uas at # Chanonrie, we ueighted the interests of all the famelys in Ross and Cromarty. Your # Lordship's interest uas put in ballance uith Bellnagoun and Fouls (for by # that time ue hade sertean information of those tuo mightie chiftens union, # uhich perhaps may be a forruner of that of the tuo kingdoms) - both the # clans, to the ameazment of the lookers on, did not move the scale your interest uas # in; upon uhich Killravock uas put in uith the other tuo lairds, which # manie thought uould at least make the ballance equall. On the contrarie, it # made them lighter. This occationed the calling for the records (keeped # by Heugh Dallas). It uas found by the last ueighting that Bellnagoun allon # ueighted more then all the three does non. This hes sett all the polititians, of # uhich thers no small number in Ros, a uourk to fynd out the cause that one # mans interest

should dounueight three great chifes of clans. I dout not this # uill be knowen about the tim of the parliament sitting. Killravock give the # saim reasons for joineing Bellnagoun that Fouls did. Bellnagoun is mightely # offended at Pilltoun [{and{] John Froster for joining uith your freind; so # is Fouls at Roberson of Kindale. Thes three joyned uith your freinds, for # uhich the[{y{] deserue particoular thanks. I insisted the longer on this # because of your comand to be particoularly informed of everie on. For uhat # pased at the elections, as Bellnagoun's protestation and other # rediculous stuff, Catbo's letter heruith sent uill inform your Lordship particoularly. # God allmightie preserve you in your jurnie, and send you safe back to your # country for the satesfaction of your poor famely and freinds, and in # particoular to, my Lord, Your obedient son, John Tarbat.

[} [\223. DAVID LORD ELCHO, AFTERWARDS THIRD EARL OF WEMYSS, TO # HIS MOTHER MARGARET COUNTESS OF WEMYSS AND CROMARTIE.\] }] Weems, January 21, 1704/5. Madam, - I had the honour of your letter dated January 13. # The letter which I wrote would come to your hands by the 15. To make # compliments to so near a relation as a mother, either for her concern in # her child or family, looks superfluous; for the maintaining or supporting the # interest of either perpetuats there own esteem, and establishess there own # character: so what is my part to say is, that I am very sencible of the good # wishes your Ladyship hes for me, and the desire you have that I should be living in # a settled way; and I shall alwayes live up to a right sense of it. I had # certainly been more particuilar in some of my former letters, had not I been # waiting till I should

hear more fully from you; and now that your Ladyship hes # signifyed in part, but that you'r tyed up from being more particular, I shall # here beg leave to give yee my oppinion. Madam, you needed not lay your commands # upon me to have waited of you, if I could possibly have done it; # but my circumstances runns very parrarill with the countrys, both very low at # present, and such a journey would infallibly bring my family under greater # burthen still; which is one difficulty to me. The next, which is not a small # one, is the waiting of yee where the court is. As I told your Ladyship # formerly, I have never yet seen the Queen, and where one neither hes (nor is # likly to have) any business about the court, there appearence there is uneasy # to both; besides, a journey now would certainly put me into the mouths of every # body for something. Your Ladyship hes already wrote to my sister, # and you say you are to write to her Grace, so that its one to twenty but # it took air, which would reach the person's ears likewayes. And without there # were more then probability of succeeding, and that either the foundations of # this proceeded from a former acquaintance or from ane exact inquiry into my # circumstances, she would certainly be upon her guard more to me then any # body; and your Ladyship knows, however I might carry in it, yet a # dissappointment of that nature would not all be easy to me. Now I hope you will # consider of these difficultys effectually, for the more I know in the matter # before any journey be undertaken it were better for both, for then none is # exposed, and whatever is revealed to me shall be very sacred. This I doe indeed # think both safer for the design and for me. I have said all here; so that # I have nothing left to trouble my Lord with, only my most humble service, and # that you'l both please rightly to weigh what I have said. - I am ever Your most obedient son, Elcho. The children, I thank God, are very well.

[} [\225. SIR JAMES MACKENZIE TO HIS FATHER (GEORGE FIRST EARL # OF CROMARTIE).\] }] Edinburgh, 10 February 1705. My Lord, - The spirit of (P=7=) predomeens so much in (41) # that one would think that fortie nyne and eightie nyne were returned againe; # and, which is

worse, we are threatned with more alterations of the same # sort; (\avertat Deus.\) I am sorie your Lordship should stand in need of much money, # since it is not only scar[{c{]er here then ever; and what you have a just right # to from the thesaurie cannot be had by all the methods I can use, either # with the lords or receaver. Corns give a verie low price, and good merchants ill # to be had, so that I know not how your Lordship will be supplyed. An # unluckie accident happned here some nights agoe. Young Hallyards and young # Balfour quarelled in a tavern, and angrie words passed betwixt them, upon which # the first threw a glass in the others face, which cutt his eyeball so that he # hes lost the sight of it. There is a match concluded betwixt the lord # advocats son and the presidents second daughter. There was a foolish report # that the upper part of Clyde was dry for severall miles, but it was a meer # storie. We are fitting out our formidable fleet to oppose and be a terror # both to French and English foes; and, in pursuance of the late act of # parliament, we are provyding arms verie fast. The shyre of Angus alone have # signed for 10,000 stand to be sent for to Holland, so have att the Southerns. # The old Ladie Lochslynn is dead; she was above nyntie years of age. I am # troubled to hear that both my Ladie and your Lordship were ill of the cold. I # wish to see both safelie on this syde Tweed againe, since England is # neither for your healths nor interest. I am, My Lord, Your Lordships most dutifull and obedient son and servant, Jas. Mackenzie. Be pleased to give my humble dutie to my Ladie.

[} [\227. JOHN LORD MACLEOD TO HIS FATHER (GEORGE FIRST EARL # OF CROMARTIE).\] }] Baufort, 28 May 1705. My Lord, - The resolusion I hade of uaiting of your Lordship, # uhen I understood your aryvall in Scotland, made me not trouble you # with leters; but nou that my uifes cond[{i{]tion, uho is at the lying doun, # and my other cercomstances, uhich are not proper to trouble your Lordship # uith at this time, does depryve me of that satesfaction, I am necessitate # to give your Lordship the trouble of thes feu lines to testefy my duetyfull # respects and unfenied satesfaction for your safe return to your freinds and # famely. My Lord, I knove some persons uho does blame me for not haveing # performed thes outuard markes of respect and duety that others of your # Lordships famely have done, but I hope your Lordship is so just as to # belive that, did

my circomstances allou of it, I uould be as uilling and readie # to give proofes both of my duety and affection as anie concerned in your # Lordship. Therfor I hop your Lordship uill tak the uill for the deed. I knove # your Lordship is nou under great affliction, so that its unproper to trouble # you either uith busines or long letters. I pray God confort and preserve your # Lordship. I am, uith all respect, my Lord, Your Lordship's most obedient son and servant, MacLeod. This express goes in heast from your brother, uho, God be # thanked is nou in a uay of recoverie, but poor Rosehauch is still in # hazard.

[} [\231. JOHN LORD MACLEOD TO HIS FATHER (GEORGE FIRST EARL OF # CROMARTIE).\] }] Tarbat, 8th Jully 1705. My Lord, - I have sent this express to acquant your # Lordship of my uife's being safly delyver'd of a boy. God be thanked, both # shee and the child are in good condition. I presum to tell your Lordship # that I have named your grandchild after my Lord Elibank, uhich I hop # you'll aprove of. I am, my Lord, Your Lordship's most obedient son, MacLeod. The heritors of the parish of Tarbat have urit to your # Lordship by this bearer in favors of a nevey of your old servant Medatt, if it # be agreeable to

your Lordship that this young man bees called to be minister # of Tarbat (as Captain M=c=Leod assured me you uer). The people of the parish # are all unanimously for Mr. Daniell M=c=Kenzie. It uill be lickuays a great # satesfaction to poor Medatt to have his nevoy setled neer him, besyds that # his brother Mr. Keneths noumberous small famely requeers it - I mean Mr. # Daniells being setled in this countrie. I beg pardon for this freedom. Uhou # soon it pleases God my uife recovers (uho is verie uaik), I'll use my # outmost endevore to uait of your Lordship uhere and uhen you pleas to ordor me. # Your litle grandchildren are, God be thanked, in health.

[} [\94. LADY LILLIES DRUMMOND, COUNTESS OF TULLIBARDINE, TO # HER BROTHER, THE HONOURABLE JOHN DRUMMOND.\] }] The 6 of Julie 1654. Deare brother, - These are to lett yow know that I am againe on # the mending hand, and hopes yeat to live and doe yow seruice, wherby yow # may sie how sensibll I am of the care and paines yow now take for ws. # Your litll niece is a verrie fine child, and I hope shall bee a verrie # hansume womman, she hath good signes of it, yeat; all your frindes, heir away, # wer verrie merrie

at her crisning, and drank your health hartlie, both in alle # and wine. My lord our father was likwise verrie merrie, and came soe kindlie # from Stobhall toe her crisning, and was much pleas'd that it wass a girll. My # ladie Drummond shou'd a hade hir name, for she was verrie kind to me; but I # beg'd her leave that I might give it to my lorde's mother, soe they call # her Elizabeth. Yow may tell my ladie Newtone she hath her name from both her # grandmothers, and remember my service to her. Soe soone as I am abll, I shall # againe write both to her, and to my ladie Dalmash; but I shou'd bee glade to heer from them first. Deare brother, I am much asham'd, and my # Lord is much trubll'd that wee shoud bee soe vnabll, at such a time, to # furnish yow with monnie; but, vpon my conscience, the condittione of this # contrie is soe harde that ther is not a pennie goeing. Yow know your self that # all our estates consistes in victuall, and it gives no price, soe that wee have # not sold a boll this yeer, yeat; alwayes my lord will doe what hee cane toe # gett yow as much as posibllie may bee hade; for I onlie tell yow this that yow # may not think it neglect in ws if it come not soe soone to your handes as wee # desire, and may bee yow expect. My lord is now in Edenborrow about it, a # purpose; hee will give yow ane acompt from thence himself, soe that I shall not # need trubll yow annie further with it at this time. I beseech yow, if you # cane posibllie spare (when monnie comes to your handes) twelve or fifteene # pound sterline, lett Mestres Carr, Mosies wife, have it for some things I have # sent for; and if I return it not in monnie, I shall doe as good. But Mes[\ter\] # James and I shall agree and gett it all in monnie to yow, for I know yow have # much to do with it now. Forgive this trubll of sealling ane other letter within # yours, it is that it may come saif to Mestres Carr, because I have sent, for some # thinges for my litll girll, to her, that I cane not gett hier. Remember me to # Itall, and tell him I shall doe all that's in my power to get his monnie befor # Mertimas, but I cane hardlie promise, monnie is soe ill to be hade; but Sonders # Done and I

shall gree that he bee noe mor trubll'd with it. I am soe tyr'd # I cane noe longer hold the pene, soe farewell, Deare brother, Your most afectionate sistter and servant, Lillies Drummond London - For the right honourabll Sir Johne Drummond, my deare # brother, at his lodging in Westmester, - These.

[} [\116. SIR THOMAS STEUART OF GRANDTULLY TO THIS SON, JOHN # STEUART, APPARENT OF GRANDTULLY.\] }] Murthly, November 17, 1668. Loving Sonn, - I receaved yowrs, and am glad to hear that yow # ar in good health and of yowr happie arryvall at London, and the sooner # that ye goe from thence it is the better, befor winter com on, and tak Aldie's # advys wher ye shall stay this winter, for since yowr away goeing I am # informed that thrie or four may live in ther oun chalmer at Paris and bring the meat # from the cookis, both cheaper and mak better fair nor they can doe in # pensioun. Allwayis ye may tak Aldie's advys in this. I am glad to hear that yowr # sister and the children ar in good health. As for Charles Stewart, I think it # is too much chairges that ye should pay for his dyet, and as for his # fencing and the rest of the exercises, ye shall pay nothing for him of that, # for it is in his oun option to doe that or not. Aldie showes me that he hes gotten # ane boy that hes verie good strengh to goe with yow, and when ye com ther, # questionles ye will get comrads enew, and if Charles Stewart will not goe # alonges with yow upon the accompt of payment for his dyet, he may com hom # when he

pleases, for I beleive ye shall find that dear enough. Ye may # send Patrick Ramsay hom be sea, for it is neidles to keip him ther any # longer. I rest, your loving father, S. T. S. Granttully For his loving sonn John Stewart, apearand of Grantullie, at # London. [} [\117. THE SAME TO THE SAME.\] }] [^SIR THOMAS STEUART OF # GRANDTULLY TO HIS SON, JOHN STEUART, APPARENT OF GRANDTULLY.^] Murthly, December 12th, 1668. Loving Sonn, - I receaved two of yowrs within this ten dayes, # ane daitit the tent of November, and another the 26 therof, and I am glaid to # hear that ye ar in good health. As for me I have bein this 20 dayes bygon a # litle indisposed, being troubled with ane wind in my stomack, bot I hope it will # wear away betime. I am informed as ye have wreattin to me that Angeiris # is the fittest place ye can stay in this winter; and when my Lord Drumond # comes hom, and I have occassion to sie him, I shall give him thanks for # his good advys. Aldie shew me in his letter, which I receaved with yowrs, that # ye was to direct yowr lettres from Angeiris to Edinburgh to Mr. Thomas Stewart, # so let me know if this ye doe, that I may send my letters to him, and let # me know, also, if I shall direct my lettres to Aldie to London, to be # sent to yow, or wher I shall direct them, for I did wreat to yow to London. I # know not if it did com to yowr hands, for I think ye was gon befor it # cam the lenth of London. I am sorrie that Charles Stewart and ye hes fallen out; # bot I find be yowrs it is upon verie just groundis, which showis his # miscariadge. And

seing it is so, I am glaid of it that ye ar quyt of him, and my # advys is to yow not to medle with him any more, neither keip his companie, bot # let him doe for himselfe. I am glaid that ye have gotten so good a servant, # who will be mor stedable to yow nor ane governour; keip good and civill # company, and do not drink nor debausch. I have directit my lettres upon the # back as ye have wreattin to me, so near as I can read it, bot I know not # if it will be understood; bot I have wreattin to Aldie to helpe any thing in # it that is wrong. And my construction shall be so favourablie of yow in # that particullar anent Charles Stewart that ye have done what is just, and les # nor what he deserves, for ye doted too much upon him, for I knew # yowr humor and his wold not agrie, he being a litle hie, so hoping to hear # from yow as occasion offers, I rest, Your loving father, S. T. S. Granttully. [^FRENCH OMITTED^] [} [\118. THE SAME TO THE SAME.\] }] [^SIR THOMAS STEUART OF # GRANDTULLY TO HIS SON, JOHN STEUART, APPARENT OF GRANDTULLY.^] Edinburgh, 15th January 1669. Loving Sonn, - I sent yow two expresses since I receaved yowrs, # quhairin in the first I shew yow that I was very indisposed, bot in the # second that I was prettie weill. And now, praised be God, I am wholie recovered. # If ye be now at Angeiris or else wher, I wold have yow to com to Paris # in the begining of March, and ye may stay ther two or thrie moneth, quhairby # theraftir ye may com to London about Lambas, for I will have yow to stay # no longer in France; and thiraftir ye may com hom, what ever may fall # out, for I am becom a litle crazie. Let me know if ye have alse much money as # will bring

yow back to London. And if ye have not, let me know what will # serve yow, and I will stryve to send ane bill to Aldie before he com from # London, for he and his Ladie both is to com for Scotland about the midle of # March. Let me know wher Charles Stewart is, and if he be coming hom. Bot # as I wreat to yow in my last, ye shall bear no companie with him at # all. Let me know how yow ar in yowr health. Let me know, if ye send any # lettres heir to Edinburgh, wher I shall have them, for I did not # receave any from yow since the 29 November, which was daitit from Paris, so # expecting to hear from zow with the first occassion, I rest, Your loving father, S. T. S. Granttully. Ye may may send yowr letters to Aldie so long as he is at # London, which will be the surest way. [^FRENCH OMITTED^] [} [\119. THE SAME TO THE SAME.\] }] [^SIR THOMAS STEUART OF # GRANDTULLY TO HIS SON, JOHN STEUART, APPARENT OF GRANDTULLY.^] Edinburgh, January 2-, 1669. Loving Sonn, - I receaved yowrs, daitit the second January # 1669, upon Tuysday last the 19=th= thereof, and I am glaid to hear that ye ar in # good health, and praised be God, I am in good health at present, bot was a # moneth agoe a litle indisposed. I did not receave any from yow bot this since the # 29 of November, which was daitit from Paris, and since that tym this is the # third that I have wreatten to yow, for it seimes they have bein miscaried. I sent # them all to Aldie. I wreat to yow in my last, desyreing yow, if ye had # health and life, to com to Paris about the midle of March, and ther ye may stay # untill the beginning of August, and from that ye shall com to London, for # I will have

yow to stay no longer. And if ye have not so much money as will # bring yow that lenth, let me know what ye stand in neid off, and I # shall send ane bill of exchaing to Aldie befor he com from London, for he and # his heall famellie is to be in Scotland about the midle of March. Yowr # letters that yow sent to my Lord Drumond was delyvered to him at London, # because he is ther as yit. I wreat to yow to know wher Charles Stewart was # in my last, and ye shall send me ane returne of this so soone as possiblie # ye can, so I rest, Your loving father, S. T. S. Granttully. It pleased God to call on yowr sister, the Ladie Towch, 20 # dayes or a moneth agoe, bot we most submitt to the will of the Lord, as also my # sister Jean within this ten dayes. [^FRENCH OMITTED^] [} [\120. THE SAME TO THE SAME.\] }] [^SIR THOMAS STEUART OF # GRANDTULLY TO HIS SON, JOHN STEUART, APPARENT OF GRANDTULLY.^] Murthlie, February 10th, 1669. Loving Sonn, - I receaved yours, daitit 24th January, showing # me that ye receaved two of myn at the wreatting of yowr last, and since # this is the third that I have wreatten to yow, and for the present, # (praised be God,) I am in good health, bot it greives me much to hear from yow that # ye ar troubled with a swelling of the splen and a palpitatione. And # there is nothing that raises it souner nor either anger or greife, and I # hope ye have no reassoun for any of these two, unles it be that ye thinke long # for want of companie; therfor, as I wreat to yow before, ye shall com to Paris about # the

latter end of March, for ther is nothing better for yow to tak # away that swelling nor purging and letting blood at the hemorhoid veins, as ye did # at St. Androis, and ye should vse no violent exerceise either in too # much fencing or dancing, &c. All yowr freinds heir, praised be God, ar in good # health, sua let me hear from yow, so soone as possiblie ye can, how ye ar # in your health, which, above all other things, I should wish yow to hav a cair # of. So expecting your returne with the first occassion, I rest, Your loving father, S. T. S. Granttully. Yowr sister is in Burnebank, otherwayis shoe wold have sent yow # ane returne. Ther is many changis heir since ye went away, for the Earle of # Southesk, my lord Cowper, the Earle of Marr, Edinampill, and John Stewart in # Slogenholl, ar all dead, and Fongorth is in suit in Collonell Menzies # dochter, and will be maried shortly. Ardoch is died in Edinburgh yestir night. [^FRENCH OMITTED^] [} [\121. THE SAME TO THE SAME.\] }] [^SIR THOMAS STEUART OF # GRANDTULLY TO HIS SON, JOHN STEUART, APPARENT OF GRANDTULLY.^] Murthly, March 15th, 1669. Loving Sonn, - I receaved yowrs, and I am glaid to hear from # yow that ye ar in good health, for in your last ye shew me that ye was # troubled with ane swelling of the splen. And as for me, praised be God, I am # verie weill, bot is a litle troubled with the gout; and as for yowr letters, I # beleive I have receaved them all, for I think I have gotten four or fyve since # ye went to Angeirs; and seing ye desyr to stay at Angeirs this summer for # learning of the

langwadge, as I gave yow yowr friedom first, sua shall I now; # and in October ye may com to Paris and passe the winter, that ye may com to # London in the spring the next year. I have sent to Aldie ane bill of exchang # for 150 lib. sterling to be sent to yow be exchaing, which is all the money # that I could have at present, which I think will serve yow this winter in # Paris. Bot when ye want money lat me know, and it shall be sent to yow, # for I know ye spend non bot what ye can not hold in, and what ye spend in # good companie, and learning of yowr exercisses. I think it verie weill # bestowed, and if ye have any inclination to it, I wold have yow to learn to play # upon the lute. Your dear comrad, Charles Stewart, cam to Edinburgh 20 dayes # agoe. I rest, Your loving father, S. T. S. Granttully. Let me know what is becom of James Campbell of Fordie, or if ye # have heard any word of him. [^FRENCH OMITTED^] [} [\122. THE SAME TO THE SAME.\] }] [^SIR THOMAS STEUART OF # GRANDTULLY TO HIS SON, JOHN STEUART, APPARENT OF GRANDTULLY.^] Murthly, Apryll 18th, 1669. Loving Sonn, - I receaved yowrs the tent of this moneth, daitit # 14th March, from Angeirs, and I am glaid to hear that yow ar in good health, # and, (praised be God,) I never had my health better. It seimes ye have not # gotten my last, for I sent to Aldie ane bill of exchange for 150 lib. sterling, to be # answered to yow either at Paris or Angeirs. And I have condiscendit to yowr # desyr, sua that ye may stay in anie pairt of France this sumer ye think # fittest, and com in winter tym and stay all winter at Paris. I receaved ane packet # of lettres

that cam to Edinburgh to Mr. Thomas Stewart quhairin there was # lettres from yow to Sir John Drumond, Powrie, Touch, and Ruthven, which # I caused send to them, and that packet did not com to my hands till the # tent of March, and it was daitit from Paris in December. And seing that # is not the surest way, at least as I supose, ye may direct them to on Mr. # Lindsay, a goldsmith, at London, or to ane servant of my Lord # Lauderdaillis, whose name I have forgoten, but Aldie will wreat so much to yow to # send them to any of these two persons, for he wret to me that that wold be # the surest way, seing he is coming for Scotland himself. Sir John Drumond # imediatlie after receipt of yowrs sent yow ane returne; I know not if it # be com to your handis as yit. As for the rest, I did not sie them since they # receaved yowr lettres. As for Fordie, he is not com to Scotland, for we ar # informed heir that he is in Candie, in Venice, and since his away goeing # hair cam never any word from him; and as I wreat to yow of befoir, your dear # comrad Charles Stewart cam to Edinburgh six or seven weiks agoe, and is there # as yit, and I think he is ashamed to com hom: sua expecting to hear from yow # from tym to tym, I rest, Your loving father, S. T. S. Granttully. Aldie wreat to me that he thinks fitest ye stay at Angeirs till # the heat of the summer pas, for that is the most dangerous tym in all the year # for contracting of fevouris, sua for preventing of that, if ye think fitt, ye # may cause let blood this spring. [^FRENCH OMITTED^]

[} [\123. THE SAME TO THE SAME.\] }] [^SIR THOMAS STEUART OF # GRANDTULLY TO HIS SON, JOHN STEUART, APPARENT OF GRANDTULLY.^] Edinborrough, Junii the 12, 1669. Loving Sonn, - I receaved yowrs, daitit at Angeirs the tent of # Apryll, inclosed within ane letter of Aldie's, daitit the last of Apryll, which # did not com to my hands till the last of Maij, and another from yow # since, daitit the 8th Maij. I am glaid to heare that yow ar in good health, and # wherin ye show me that ye have receaved ane bill of exchainge for 150 # lib. sterling. And as for yowr servant, if he will not carie himselfe as a # servant, ye may putt him aff, and choise any other ye will. And seing ye wreat to me # that he is ane good and trustie servant, he should be something borne # with. And as for what fie ye give to any servant, I am not to question that, # bot mak yowr oun bargan yowr selfe, bot ye should be loath to quyt a good # servant that is trustie, and as for his fie it is no great maitter. I am # sure Aldie hes desyred yow to stay at Angeirs till the hotnes of the summer # pas, in respect that ye was ther all winter, and theraftir ye may tak a view of # the countrie. Aldie cam to Scotland about the 12 of May, and his Ladie and # his two dochters ar at London, to whom I direct my letters now in his # absence; so ye may doe the like. Praised be God, for the present I am in good # health, and intends, God willing, to stay heir at Edinburgh till Lambas: so # expecting to hear from yow fra tym to tyme, I rest, Your loving father, S. T. S. Granttully. When ever ye stand in neid of money, let me know two or thre # moneths befor, and I shall send ane bill to yow. [^FRENCH OMITTED^]

[} [\124. THE SAME TO THE SAME.\] }] [^SIR THOMAS STEUART OF # GRANDTULLY TO HIS SON, JOHN STEUART, APPARENT OF GRANDTULLY.^] Edinborough, Junij 25th, 1669. Loving Sonn, - I receaved yowrs the elevent of Junij instant # fra Aldie, who is for the present at Meiklour, without any dait or day of the # moneth, except the year of God; and another this day, daitit the tent # of Junij, and I am verie glaid to hear that yow ar in good health at present, # praised be God for it, and that ye take such paines in your exercises, # which I wold have yow to doe moderatlie, lest it wrong yowrselfe. I did wreat to # yow since I cam heir, which was daitit the 12th of this moneth, and in # Aldie's absence I did wreat to yowr sister, his ladie, ane letter direct to yow # with ane letter from Powrie. I know not if it be com to yowr hands as # yit, neither hade I any returne from her, bot I am hopefull that shoe will # delyver it to the ordinary poast, or at least to Mr. Blair; and as for yowr # relatiounes heir that ye did wreat to, that ye have receaved no returne from # them, I should not be at the paines to wreat any mor to them. Bot ther is on # heir, the Bishop of Dunkeld, who hes mor kyndnes for yow, which I have of # himselfe be severall discourses, nor these that relaits verie near to # yow; therfor I should desyre that ye should wreat to him with the first # occasion, and give him thanks for his respects to yow, whom I know hes mor # kyndnes for yow nor any man in Scotland. I perceave ye have receaved the # bill of exchaing for 150 lib. sterling; and as I wreat to yow in my # last, let me know two moneth befor ye want money, and I shall send so much to yow # as I can spair. I admeir that Bailzie Glas did not give yow ane returne, # bot I think it hes bein miscaried; this is the fort or fyft letter that I # have receaved from yow, and ye may be assured ye shall hear from me as # occassion serves. I wreat to yow befor that if ye had a genius for it to learn to # play upon the lute, and I wold have yow to stay quher yow ar till the heat of # sumer pas,

and then to trawell in any place of the countrie ye think # fittest, and in winter to com and stay at Paris. At present, praised be God, I # am in good health, and intends to stay till near Lambas heir, I rest, your loving father, S. T. S. Granttully. [^FRENCH OMITTED^] [} [\125. THE SAME TO THE SAME.\] }] [^SIR THOMAS STEUART OF # GRANDTULLY TO HIS SON, JOHN STEUART, APPARENT OF GRANDTULLY.^] Murthly, August 20th, 1669. Loving Sonn, - I am glaid to hear that yow ar in good health; # and as for me, I thank God I am verie weill for the present. I receaved # amongist yowrs ane letter to the Bishop of Dunkeld, and another to Aldie, # which I sent to them; and as for yowr playing upon the lute, ye need not # trouble yowrselfe for that, for ye have not so much tym now that ye can learne, # for it serves for no vse unles ye had yowr musick. And as I wreat to yow of # befor, ye shall constantlie hear from me as occassion offers; so # having no mor for the present, but wishing yow good health, I rest, Your loving father, S. T. S. Granttully. [^FRENCH OMITTED^] [} [\126. THE SAME TO THE SAME.\] }] [^SIR THOMAS STEUART OF # GRANDTULLY TO HIS SON, JOHN STEUART, APPARENT OF GRANDTULLY.^] Murthly, the last of September 1669. Loving Sonne, - I receaved yours yisterday, daited from # Orleance the 14th of this instant, s[\h\]owing that ye receaved ane of myn the # day befor ye sent

this away, datit the 20th August, and since this is the third # that I have sent, and I receaved another of yours, daitit the 4th September # from Orleance, and as wher ye desyre to send money at fardest againe the last # of November, and as ye desyr two hundreth pound sterling ye shall be sure to # have one als neir that tyme as I cane, for I can get no more for the # present, and because it will be very deare living in Paris, ye may stay at Orleance # w[{nt{]ill the begining of December, for ye may learne your exerceises als weill ther # as ye can doe in Paris, and ye may com to Paris in the begining of # December and stay till March, and from thence to London. Allwayes doe in this as # ye think fitt, and I shall wreat to Aldie to get the bill to Paris, and # if that money will not serve yow to bring yow to London, advertise me a moneth # befor. And as for your cloathes, I wold have yow bot to buy on suit at Paris, # unles they be fashionable when ye com to the Court of England, for if they be # out of the fashion, they will serve for no vse, so ye can not weare them # ther. And I doubt not what money ye get, bot I hope I shall think it weill # bestowed when it pleases God we meit. As for the Bishope of Dunkeld, I # wreat to yow that I sent him your letter, and as for Charles Stewart, I # did give yow ane accompt befor that I neither heard from his father nor him, # nor no other persone that any of them did speak any thing in relatione to # yow since he cam to Scotland. So assuring your self that ye shall hear from # me fra tyme to tyme as occasion offers, I rest Your loving father, S. T. S. Granttully. [^FRENCH OMITTED^]

[} [\127. THE SAME TO THE SAME.\] }] [^SIR THOMAS STEUART OF # GRANDTULLY TO HIS SON, JOHN STEUART, APPARENT OF GRANDTULLY.^] Murthly, 15th January 1670 Loving Sone, - I receaved yours this day, which is the first # that I have receaved from yow since the dait of your last, quhilk is the 22 # October, which I admeir of. I heard oftner from yow when ye was at a greater # distance, and I am glaid to hear that ye ar in good health. I perceave ye # have receaved the bill for 100 lib. sterling. And as for the other 100 lib. # that ye desyr, ye shall have it about the begining of March. And as for buying of # cloathes, ye may buy them when ye com to the Court of England, which will # be most fashionable for Scotland. As for your intended journey to com # be Flanders and Holland till England, I am nowayes for that, in respect of # the troubles; for if ye knew my condition, which I did never accqwaint yow # with befor, which is about the penult of Jully last, I fell over the stair # coming out of my oun chalmer in Edinburgh, and hurt my luingie bone, and did # stay thereafter two moneth in Edinburgh till I thoght to have recovered within # that space, and thereafter cam home in ane chairot, and ever since hes # never bein able to goe nor ryd bot upon two staves, sua that I am not able to # doe any bussienes that I have to doe, which does concerne yow als much # as me, for I think this is a very relevant reasson to mak yow com hom the # sooner. Therefor I shall desyr yow, if health and life permitt, to com # to London about the hinder end of March, that, God willing, ye may be heir # about the latter end of Apryll. Bot I shall leave this to yourselfe to tak it to # yowr consideration. I wreat to yow in my last to try anent these relations that Burnbean hes in France if they wer on life or not. So wishing # yow all health and happieness, I rest, Your loving father, S. T. S. Granttully. As for your servant, if he hes a mynd to com to Scotland, I # perceave ye

intend to fie ane Frensh boy, and ye have neid to try that he # be trustie, for I intend to have Patrick Ramsay with myself agane Witsonday, who # for present is with Sir John Drumond. [^FRENCH OMITTED^] [} [\128. THE SAME TO THE SAME.\] }] [^SIR THOMAS STEUART OF # GRANDTULLY TO HIS SON, JOHN STEUART, APPARENT OF GRANDTULLY.^] Murthly, first March 1670. Loving Sonne, - I have wreatten to yow twyse in relation to my # indisposition, bot I never got any returne, for it seimes ye doe not value it # much. I shall desyr now, as of befor, that ye com to London about the # end of this moneth or the beginning of the next, for ye shall not goe till # Holland; and if ye will goe, doe not expect any mor money from me, for I # thoght my desyr had been enough to yow as an command. And if ye com to London, # if ye stand in neid of money, what I can spair I shall send it to # yow. I have sent ane bill to Aldie for 100 lib. sterling, quhilk I have # desyred him to send to yow, quhairof thair is fyftie pound for your oune vse, and # 50 lib. for buying of fyve dissoun of beatten gold buttons, which is ten pounds # Scotts for every button. Let the frame of them be lik ane wannutt rigged, and of # alse great bignes as can be of that pryce, for I know they ar all bosse, # casten in ane mould, and let the lups be strong for tying of them to the # coat; and tak some bodie with yow that has better skill nor yourselfe least they # cheat yow. And if ye think that this frame is not fashionable, ye may mak them # of any othir frame that is most in vse, for I beleive the vnce of gold in # made work wil be very near thrie pound sterling, for they are all boght be # weight, and so much for the workmanship, and if Aldie send yow bot fyftie pound # sterling, quhilk

is for your oune vse, ye shall buy non at all. For I have # desyred him to buy them at London if he can get them at alse cheape a rait as # they can be had at Paris. I did expect ane returne of my last befor this # tyme, for it seimes it does not please yow. I shall say no more at # this tyme. I rest, Your loving father, S. T. S. Granttully. [^FRENCH OMITTED^] [} [\129. THE SAME TO THE SAME.\] }] [^SIR THOMAS STEUART OF # GRANDTULLY TO HIS SON, JOHN STEUART, APPARENT OF GRANDTULLY.^] Murthly, 13th May 1670. Loving Sonne, - I receaved yours, daitit 30 Apryll, desyring me # that I should let yow stay two or thrie monethis longer at London, quhilk I # should glaidlie condiscend to if I wer able to travell myselfe about # my oune bussienes; and as wher ye show me that ther will be litle done this # session, that is a clear mistak, for ther is a perempter day the first of Junij # assigned to me for debaiting of it in the Inner House, and I am sure within two or # thrie dayes afterhend, I will either lose or gain the bussienes; for this # hes bein in this twelf monethis, quhilk is a bussines of twentie thowsand merkis # betuixt my brother and me, which I beleive does concerne yow als much as # me, and if ye have a mynd to goe for London again, to stay ther two or # thrie monethis, I shall not be againest it, for I know your being ther present # with my informatione to yo[\w would\] signifie alsemuch as I wer ther myselfe, and # as for my obligationes to yow, I will stryve to requyt them # according to my power. I receaved ane letter this day from Edinburgh, shouing # me that

upon Wednesday last that the Parliament is adjourned by # proclamatioun till the 20 of Jully. Therfor I shall desyr that ye wold com # doun with Aldie to be heir again the first of Junij. So having no farder # at present, I rest, Your loving father, S. T. S. Granttully. For his loving sonne John Stewart at London.

[} [\136. JEAN STEUART, WIFE OF SIR JAMES MERCER OF ALDIE AND # MEIKLELOUR, TO HER BROTHER JOHN STEUART, YOUNGER OF GRANDTULLY.\] }] London, 23 of February [\16\]71. Honored and dear Brother, - I suppose my letter to my father # has informed you of the sadd dispensatione the Lord has been pleased to # inflict upon me, yett apprehending me oblidged in dutie to you has # troubled you with this folloueng account of it. My dear husband has # complained all this winter of a violent paine in his breast, and a stopping of his # breath which at last proved unexpectedly mortall, for at ten a cloak in the # morning on Soonday last, it pleased the Almightie God to call him to himself, he # having desired his eldest daughter to read some passages of Scripture # to him, in the time she was reading he expired with a great groan, not # speaking one word. He had been indisposed some days before, but not so that # [\the\] phisitians

feared his death from that distemper. The next day he was # dissected, and in the right ventricle of his heart, was found a great quantity # of fatt matter, about the bignesse of a plume, with tuo grains going from it # about the lenth of tuo fingers, which had interrupted (as phisitians say) the # circulatione of the blood, which, not having its naturall motione and course, # chocked him in a suddaine; the maladie was such that it could not be discovered by the # most skillfull artists, an thogh they had detected its cause, yett could never # have remeded it. His body is embalmed, and to-morrou is to goe from this to # Kirkcaldie in Fife, so I confidently hope you will sheu your brotherly # affectione, so to him and to me, as to take speciale care the last dutie be performed # to him as honorably and creditably as becomes a personne of his quality # and worth. You may easily conjecture how unfitt I am nou to direct or # order anything of that nature, therefor most leave it absolutely to your oun and # other freinds discretione to dispose of it, and what trouble you shall be att # in performance of what I thus earnestly begg, shall not only be accounted ane # evidence of your respects to him, but shall infinitely oblidge her who shall # ever subscribe me, Dear brother, your affectionate sister and seruant, Jeane Steuart. I pray, send this enclosed to my father, with ane expresse, so # soon as you receive it. For the right honorable the Laird of Gairntully, yunger, - # These.

[} [\138. JEAN STEUART, LADY ALDIE, TO HER BROTHER, JOHN # STEUART, YOUNGER OF GRANDTULLY.\] }] London, 27 of March [\16\]71. I receved yours of the 22 of this instant, and I acknouledge # myself extreamly oblidged to you for your care in concerneng you so in my # affaire, but this councell of Sir George Mackeinzie's will not satisfie alone, # for those personnes

who most doe for me what is to be done heer in that businesse # will not be pleased unlesse they have the Lord Advocat's consultatione of # it, subscribed by his oun hand, and his advise in everie thing that is to be # done heer for secureng of it; and if any signature must be past in reference # to it, I pray you wold be pleased to cause draue it accordeng to the Lord # Advocat's prescriptione, and likewise lett me knou hou I most carry in it heer. Dear brother, I thank you very kindly for what pains ye been # at in waiteng for my dear husband's corps, and likwais for your good # advice. I hope the shipe will be come before this come to your hands. # Allas! allas! my los is so grat, that the mor I think of him the greater is # my griue. I most confess I cannot get Paul's lesson learned, to be content # in every condition. The Lord pardone me and giue me the santefied ves of # this sade affliction. Wisheng all health and hapenis to atend yow, I # rest, Your loueing sister and seruant, Jeane Steuart. Sir, - I intreat you caus your man deliuer the inclosed. Sir, - I intreat you let me heau the return of this as soone as # yow can. Jean and Grisell heas their seruis presented to you. For the right honoured the Laird of Grantullye, younger, - # Thes.

[} [\212. JEAN STEUART, WIDOW OF SIR JAMES MERCER, TO HER # BROTHER, JOHN STEUART OF GRANDTULLY.\] }] Meiklelour, 24 February 1686. Much honored and dear Brother, - I earnestly intreat you to # have a care what company you keep, upon severall accounts, for I hear that # my Lord Panmure, tho' he was as moderate a man as many in Scotland, yet # it was after drinking he fell in that feaver whereof he died; for this # I had from one whom I will beleive very well. Sir, there is a report going up # and down that Grisal intends for Italy, and that which makes me the more # suspicious is a letter she wrote to Mr. James, which I told you something off # when you did me the favour to see me here, which I confess does trouble me, # and I have now written a line to Hellen, but I have not said any thing of that # to her. I had written tuice to her sister since I heard from her, so that I # desire that you would be pleased to write to her as you think fit. Praying to # God to keep you from all evil company, I remain, your affectionate sister and servant, Jeane Mercer. For the Laird of Grauntully, at Edinburgh.

[} [\287. LADY JEAN GORDON, COUNTESS OF DUNFERMLINE, TO HER # HUSBAND, JAMES, EARL OF DUNFERMLINE\] }] Fywe, the 3 of October [\c.1689\] I dou not dout but you hau heard of yong Borlom's being laid in # prison in Irland, becaus my Lord Melfort said he was a spy, which he was # no mor then I am; but it ples'd his lordship tou say so, becaus Borlom had # not the good fortun tou ples him. I tell you this that you may consider well befor # you send ouer to the king; for if they be not in fauer with my Lord Melfort, you # sie what they may expect. I must lykways put you on your gaird of an other # thing, which is that itts fear'd by seuerall of your frinds that thos in your # army who has ther dependens on my Lord Melfort is cabaling against you and # others, who they think is not of the faction, and uou'd not cair tou be quit of you, # that they might persuad the king that the busines wear don by him and his # frinds. This is all but supitiones, but we hau som reson tou think itt: whoeuer, # itt's best for you tou be upon your gaird, and not belue ther neues tou # easaly, without good prouf for them. I heir som of them ar gon tou Irland, so I hop # thel ether giue you the king's comands under his oun hand or his secretors, # that you may hau itt tou show affterwards; but I'm in grett hops Melfort is from the # king, the report goes so constantly att Edinburgh without contradiction. Lett me # knou as soun as posibell what way I shall send your mony tou you; for I # uou'd hau itt att you. Mr[{s{] Ogilbe was heir, but is gon from this tou Bamf eght # dayes ago. I expect her heir very soon agan. The inclosed shou'd hau gon tou you with # the last acation,

but was forgott: I dou not knou what letter I sent you in plac # of itt. Let me knou what you want, for itt's so far in the winter that I must # mak haist tou send tou you, els nobody will go. - I remain yours for euer, Jean Dunfermeling The chyld is uery well recouerd again. This and that # within itt ar all wreten att on tym; so dou not neglect tou read them all. For the Earll of Dunfermeling. [^FRASER, SIR WILLIAM. THE CHIEFS OF GRANT. 3 VOLS. CORRESPONDENCE (VOL. II) EDITED BY THE AUTHOR. EDINBURGH 1883. FRASER, SIR WILLIAM. THE MELVILLES EARLS OF MELVILLE, AND THE LESLIES EARLS OF LEVEN. 3 VOLS. CORRESPONDENCE (VOL. II) EDITED BY THE AUTHOR. EDINBURGH 1890. FRASER, SIR WILLIAM. THE EARLS OF CROMARTIE THEIR KINDRED, COUNTRY, AND CORRESPONDENCE. 2 VOLS. CORRESPONDENCE (VOL. I) EDITED BY THE AUTHOR. EDINBURGH 1876. SAMPLE 1: (GRANT) PP. 22.6-22.29 (WILLIAM GLENCARNE) PP. 22.30-23.25 (JOHN ROTHES AND JAMES SHARP) PP. 23.26-23.37 (GEORGE HUNTLY) PP. 25.1-25.11 (GEORGE GORDON) PP. 25.12-26.7 (LUDOVICK GRANT) PP. 26.20-26.29 (JAMES PERTH) PP. 27.17-27.33 (PATRICK MARCHMONT) PP. 28.13-29.35 (DAVID LEVEN) SAMPLE 2: (MELVILLE AND LESLIE) PP. 100.1-100.36 (WILLIAM CRAWFORD) PP. 101.1-101.33 (JOHN COCHRANE) SAMPLE 3: (CROMARTIE) PP. 7.13-8.18 (JOHN FLETCHER) PP. 8.19-9.14 (JOHN MIDDLETON) PP. 9.15-10.27 (WILLIAM GLENCARNE) PP. 11.1-11.19 (JAMES NEWBURGH) PP. 11.21-14.20 (JAMES SHARP) PP. 30.16-31.20 (DONALD MCDONALD) PP. 36.6-37.17 (GEORGE MACKENZIE) PP. 37.18-41.27 (GEORGE TARBAT)^]

[} [\WILLIAM EARL OF GLENCAIRN, CHANCELLOR OF SCOTLAND, TO THE # SAME\] }] [^TO THE LAIRD OF GRANT.^] Edinburgh, 13th October 1660. Sir, - I can not omitt to rander yow my particular thanks # for your cair and vigilancy over the peace of the kingdome, and the particular tranquillity of the # bounds yee live in, whairof the whole Committy of Estates ar very sensible, and have ordored # thair thanks to be returned to yow, with incuragement to proceed in that your so laudable # deportment towards the weelfair of his Maiesties service, quhairof as none heir doeth # doubt in the least kynd, so none shall prove more reddy and willing vpon all emergents to # manifest himselfe your affectionat freind and servant, Glencairne, Can=ll=rius I. P. D. Com. Sir, - If yow can procure or send me ane good tersell of # gooshauke with the first possible conveniency, I should accompt the same a speciall favour. For his very much honored freind, the Laird of Grant - these # ar. [} [\34. WILLIAM EARL OF GLENCAIRN, CHANCELLOR OF SCOTLAND, TO # ALESTER MCDONALD AND ALESTER MCANGUS, ACHLUARACH.\] }] Edinburgh, October 15, 1660. We desyr yow to caus satisfie the Laird of Grant his men for # such goods as was taikin from them this yeir be Donald Bain and John M=c=Donald wick Gorrie, # his son (your men as we ar informit), quhilk goods was challenched vpon your ground; # also satisfie the Laird of Grant and his freinds of such goods as ye ar decernit be law to # satisfie alreddie. Glencairne, Can=ll=rius. For Alester M=c=Donald, tutor of, and Alester M=c=Angus woir # in Achluarach.

[} [\35. JOHN, SEVENTH EARL, AFTERWARDS DUKE OF ROTHES, AND # JAMES SHARP, ARCHBISHOP OF ST. ANDREWS, TO THE CURATORS OF LUDOVICK GRANT OF GRANT.\] }] St. Andrews, Apryll 25, 1668. My Lords and Gentlemen, - We, having notice that the Laird # of Grant does sustaine great prejudice by the neglect and disorder of his affairs, have # thought fitt, in pursueance of that

trust which his father and himselfe have placed in ws, to # recommend to your speedy and speciall caire the rectifyeing of what yow fynd amisse, and the # setleing for the future such ane effectuall course for the tymeous wplifting of his rents # and improveing of his casualities as his burthens may be releeved, by paying annual rents and # principall soumes to his creditors as the estate may reach, and a competent aliement # provyded and affoorded for himselfe, that he may for his future education be disposed of, # as shall be judged most convenient; and for this effect, seing he is now in the north, wee desire # that his curators and friends may meet at the first conveniency and tak inspection of # his vncles accompts since his intromission, conforme to our factories and instructions # given to him; and after the accompts are fitted, that faithfull and qualified persons may # be impowered to wplift and intromet with his estate for the ends mentioned. Wee are told # that the lease of his woods is to expyre within a yeare or tuo, and that there is at present # great havock made of them, and therefore shall desire that yow may see to the preventing # of any further unjust distroyeing of them, as also that he may be speedily releeved of those # cautionries for which his father stood bound for some of his friends. Wee hope wee need not use # arguments to yow for tendering the condition of a pupill in whom yow are so much # concerned, and doubt not but yow will see it fitt once before the midle of Junii to acquaint # ws with your proceedings in the particulars mentioned, and your oppinion of what else yow # judge conduceing for his good, for promoveing of which shall be contributed the ready # endeavours and assistance of, my Lords and Gentlemen, your most humble servants, Rothes. S=ct.= Andrews Thes are fore the Earle of Morray, the Earle of Seaforth, my # Lord Duffes, Sir Patrick Ogilvie of Boyne, Sir James Baird of Auchmedden, the Laird of # Kempkairne, the Laird of Ballandalloch yonger, with the reminent gentilemen # of the Laird off Grant his curatouris in the north.

[} [\36. GEORGE, FOURTH MARQUIS OF HUNTLY, TO THE LAIRD OF # GRANT.\] }] Bogue, December 22, 1677. Much honored Sir, - Having receaved orders from the Councell # tuo days ago to be in readines with my freinds and vassalls on the nixt advertisment # to march to Stirlin, in order to his Majesties service, which probably may be shortly and # peremptor; wherfor I desyre yow do me the favor to be in readines on tuenty four hours # advertisment, accompany'd with your freinds and servants, to go the lenth of Stirling, or # wherels his Majesties service and the Councells order shall call. The place of meeting or # rendevouz shall be made known to yow by the nixt from your affectionat freind and servant, Huntly. For the Laird of Grant - these.

[} [\39. GEORGE, FIRST DUKE OF GORDON, TO THE SAME\] }] [^TO # THE LAIRD OF GRANT.^] Jun 3 [\16\]85. Honored Cussing, - Notvithstanding off former orders, yow # vill now bee plesd nott to stur from Strathspy untill I advertis yow. Kepp your men in # reddines to march on twalve hours advertisment iff possible. Argyll has lefft Kingtyr, and has # retyrd to the Isll of Butt. - I am, your affectionat cussing and humble servant, Gordon. Dispatch, I intret yow, the inclosd imediatly. Yow have letters befor this from Mr. Dombar, at lest they ar # dispatchd to yow. I hopp all vill goe verry veell in evry thing yow or your frinds ar # concernnd.

[} [\40. THE LAIRD OF GRANT TO THE EARL OF PERTH, LORD # CHANCELLOR OF SCOTLAND.\] }] [\5th June 1685.\] My Lord, - In pursuance of the Counsells commission I have # 300 men reddy with 20 dayes provision, and I shall be with them at the head of Lochness # again the day appoynted by the former proclamation. My kinsmen (who are heretours) were # ordained to wait on Duffus; but I am necessitat, by vertew of my commission, to imploy some of # them as officers, considering our countrey men are never significant without ther native # officers. My Lord, I receaved this commission with great gladness, and it was still my principall # to serve the King with heart and good will, and nothing done or that can be done shall be # able to discouradge, my Lord, Your Lordships most humble and obedient servant. For the Earle of Pearth, Lord High Chancellor of Scotland. [} [\41. THE LAIRD OF GRANT TO SIR GEORGE M=C=KENZIE OF # ROSEHAUGH, LORD ADVOCATE.\] }] [\5th June 1685.\] My Lord, - I receaved your kynd advis with the Counsells # commission, which shall receave full and heartie obedience. The first proclamation ordained # all our heretours to wait on Duffus. But since my commission ordained my kinsmen to concurr # with mee, I have imployed some of the heretours to be officers. It is known to # your Lordship that Highlanders signifie nothing unless ther native officers be at their head. # My Lord, be assured I shall serve the King most cheerfully and with all my heart, and # I am overjoyed to have this occasion, and your seasonable advis shall ever oblidge, my # Lord, your oblidgd cousen and servant. For Sir George M=c=Kenzie of Rosehaugh, his Majesties # Advocat.

[} [\42. THE LAIRD OF GRANT TO GEORGE VISCOUNT OF TARBAT.\] }] [\5th June 1685.\] My Lord, - Your advys and the Counsells commission were most # welcom to mee, and shall be heartily obeyed. It was my principall ever to be loyall. It # is a dutie on all subjects, and I am glade of this occasion to demonstrat how farr some # persons have mistaken and misrepresented, my Lord, your Lordships obligd cousen and # servant. For the Viscount of Tarbat.

[} [\44. JAMES, FOURTH EARL OF PERTH, LORD CHANCELLOR, TO THE # LAIRD OF GRANT.\] }] Edinburgh, the 19 October 1688. Sir, - His Majesties speciall service requiring your being # at Edinburgh at this conjuncture, these are therefore desireing yow, on sight hereof, with all # possible diligence to repair to this place, where yow are to receive the Councills commands, in # whose name and by whose warrant this is signified to yow by, Sir, Your most assured freind, Perth, Cancell. I. P. D. For the Laird of Grant - For his Majesties speciall service.

[} [\46. PATRICK, FIRST EARL OF MARCHMONT, LORD CHANCELLOR OF # SCOTLAND, TO THE LAIRD OF GRANT.\] }] [\15th September 1697.\] Sir, - I have good information that some Popish missionaries # are latly sent from abroad unto this kingdome, particularly one designed Thomas Episcopus # Peristoch, V. A. (\pro Scotia\) . He was on the 19 of July (\apud castrum Gordonianum\) . My # intellegence is in these words. Nou I am perswaded a person of such character comes not hither but # upon some verie important acount. Therefor I desire you will cause scearch Popish houses # and suspect places, and aprehend suspect persons who cannot give a good account of themselves, # and commit them to prison in places where they can be most secure, till you # advertiss me and farder order be sent. I think you can cause scearch and aprehend without the # assistance of sogers, but in case they be needed I have sent an order to the commanding officer # of any of the forces that are nearest, which you may make use of. This shall be your # warrand. Given under my hand, at Polwarthouse, 15 September 1697. Marchmont, Cancellar. To the Honorable the Laird of Grant.

[} [\48. DAVID, THIRD EARL OF LEVEN, COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF OF THE # FORCES IN SCOTLAND, TO (COLONEL GRANT).\] }] Weemys, 9th September 1707. Sir, - I receaved a letter from you the other day, wherin # you desyre to have a commissione procured in order to the exchange betuixt your brother and Sir # Henry Rollo, which is done; and therfore I think you ought to send up your brother with all # convenient speid. Uhat I am nou to uryte off, being of the highest importance and # requiring the outmost secrecy, I most conjure you both to closeness and dilligence. I am # certainly informed that John and Robert Murrays, brother germans to the Laird of Abbercairny, # are returned from France to Scotland, and that upon treasonable designes against the # Goverment. I am informed that they have bein in the north, and it is more then probable that # they will be much in your countrey dureing thair aboad in this pairt of the kingdome. The # Earle Marshell, Earle of Arroll and Duke of Gordoune, their famillies and interests, I # presume are the places where they are lickliest to haunt when in the Lou Countrey, and when # they goe to the Highlands you can make a better judgement then I uhat will be thair haunts. # The discovery and apprehending of those gentlemen, and the secureing of their papers, uould be # a great service to our gracious soveraigne; and the performance of this service # being more particularly the concerne of those who have the honour to carry military # commissions, it tending so directly to the keeping of the peace of the kingdome, and it being # lykeuayes more imediatly my duety as haveing the honor of the cheife comand, so I thought I # could not trust a matter of such importance to anybody more proper to manadge it then # yourselfe, and I desyre you may take it as a particular proofe of the confidence that I # have in you that I have uryte

so plainly in this matter. I doe therefore earnestly desyre # that you use your outmost dilligence to informe yourselfe off, and to secure those persones, with # their papers if possible. If any of your officers that are uith the regiment can be of use # to you, call for them, and imploy them as you think fitt, but you most trust feu, and # enjoyne all to outmost secrecy. Pray you spaire noe paines nor expenss, and for doeing of all # uhich this shall be to you a sufficient warrantt. I heare a great noyse of a Highland # hunting that the Duke of Gordoun is to have; pray you give me a particular accompt if there is # to be any, and if any such be, be sure to have ane officer there present at it, to observe # narouly the numbers and conditione both of horse and foot, and give me a particular accompt # therof. I send this by one of your officers to prevent miscarrieing of my letter. When you # uryte to me anything in ansuer to this, transmitt them by sure hands, and do not name # the persones above mentioned but in this way (the tuo persones you urott off). - I am, Sir, # your most humble and obedient servant, Leven. [} [\THE SAME TO THE SAME\] }] [^DAVID, THIRD EARL OF LEVEN, # COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF OF THE FORCES IN SCOTLAND, TO COLONEL # GRANT.^] Edinburgh, the 14th October 1708. Sir, - I am very sorry that I have not seen you befoir you # uent auay. I came heir on purpose to have mett uith you, and did last night bespeak # horses both heir and at Haddingtoune, uith a designe to have bein uith you at Cockburnspath this day # by tuelve a'clock, but ues taken so very ill last night uith a cough that I could # not follou out my designe. I uish you a good journey and voyadge. I hope to see you soon at # London with such of your officers as are members. I doubt not but you will get orders # for this end from Court, or from the Duke of Marlborough. I have uryte to some freinds to # putt them in mind of this. I hope you uill send ane officer to Neucastle tymously befoir # you to knou uhere the ships ly that are designed for the transporting of your regiment, for I # am affraid you will still have desertion so long as you ly in or about Neucastle. Give my # service to your leivtenent collonell and major, and be pleased to allou of ensigne Scott # his being on foirlofe till I be at London, and then if there be any occasione for attendance, I # shall imediatly dispatch him to the regiment. I pray you lett me heare frequently from you, # uith a particular accompt hou matters goes where you are. I desyre you will send me a list # of the strenth of your regiment uhen you began your march, uith the number of deserters on your # march, and leave the same inclosed for me uith Mr. Kennedy at Neucastle, to be # keept by him till my arryvall. - I am, much honord Sir, your most humble and obedient servant, Leven. Collonell Grant.

[} [\121. WILLIAM, EARL OF CRAWFORD AND LINDSAY, TO JAMES, EARL # OF PERTH, CHANCELLOR.\] }] Struthers, January 20th, 1685. May it please your Lordship, - As the great alteration in my # health while lately at Edinburgh forced me to pairt from that place somewhat # hastiely, so my weaknes necessitat me to so verrie short journeys, as I was # three days by the way before I came this length. But being now in a condition # able to write, ame hopefull I may without offence to your lordship mind yow of my # passe, which once I had confidently expected along with me. If my # circumstances were seriously considered by your lordship they will be found to # have no paralel in the nation, so as my passe needs not be deneyed me, in the most # ample and creditable termes, upon the accompt of the preparatiue of it, lest others # should deal for the same favour, I being the single nobleman in Scotland that # has not some way or other a title to lesse or more of fortune, it is much more # my inclination to liue in a remote place of the world, though under the hazard of # a want of that supplie so seasonablie from frinds, as I had while amongst # them, raither then incurre new displeasures from rulers, for matters that I cannot # in anie case help, the place of my retraite (which I named to your lordship), and # the few servants whom onlie I take with me, I hope are plain evidences that I # designe to displease none that are in trust, in anie thing relateing to that # journey, and if my credite amongst rulers is so low, that I cannot have trust in this, I # shall not repine that I have a prison in the nation, for secureing them from what # they apprehend from so unhappie a creature. Yet if I dare claime to anie favour # upon the accompt of the freindship that sometyme I have bene honoured with by your # lordship, or the interrest that is betwixt our children, or even from your # ordinairie generositie to a person so much the subject of your pitie, I wold humblie # begge, that since my wife hes but ten weeks to reckon, and that upon a short # wairneing I cannot be provided for such a voyage, I may have your lordships answer # with all the convenient hast yow can, for I ame able to doe nothing untill I # heare from your lordship, if by your means my desire shall be granted, I may # without vanitie assure yow whatever may be my other faults, there is not # ingratitude in my nature, and so while I ame incapable of wittnesseing my sence # of such a matter otherwayes, your lordship shall for your prosperitie, and that # of your familie, have still the ernest wishes of, my lord, your lordships most # faithfull and most humble servant, Crafurd. For the Earle of Perth, Lord High Chancellour of Scotland.

[} [\122. SIR JOHN COCHRANE TO SIR ANDREW MELVILLE.\] }] [\Amsterdam, 23d April (1685).\] Sir, - Although wee have spent much teme in these pairts # yett wee have not been idle. Wee ar now readdy with a considerable stoke of # armes and ammonitione to goe to Scotland, and if God bliss us wee shall goe aboard # the morrow. In a fiwe days the Deuke of Monmoth goes for Ingland, that both # keingdoms may oppose this apostate papist, who haith murthered his # brother to pave his waiy to the crowne, and as is aparent to all thinkin men, # intends to destroy the nations in all ther conserns, religious and civill. But God # who has hitherto helped us, will yett helpe to pull down that bloddy tyrante. We # have a considerable number of people with us, and all of us in good hearte. I am # perswaded wee goe to venture our lives in a good cause, and we have no # cause to doubte of Gods assistance. All protestaints in both keingdoms ar longin # for us, and will as one man joyne in with us, so that I houpe you shall heare # good news from your native countrie. Wee need officers, and therfore I # intrytt you to acquaint all our countrie men, who ar in ani foraigne service to cume and # take imployment in their own countrie, they shall bee all well provided for. I # daire not invite you, although I am perswaded of your good affectione to our cause, # the weakenes of your body dissabeling you for the feilds, but if you incline to # cume, you shall carve out your own command. Wee shall need men for garisons as # well as for the feilds, and I houpe all our countriemen will thinke it # their dewty to assist us att this teme. Doe mee the favoure to putt my humble service # to Generall Shavott, and when you sie your prince, give my dewty to him, # and assure him from mee that I have a deep sence of my obligations to him, and # if God bliss mee, I houpe to bee instrumentall in begetting a good # understandinge betwixt the keingdoms of Great Britain and him. Give my service and my # soons to your good lady and childering, and to Collonell Lamott, his lady, # and hirr sisters. I pray God bliss you all, for the keindness showen to mee. Make # it your woorke to send home all men that can bee usefull to us. - I am # sincerely, your most humble servant, Jo. Cochrane. Amsterdam, 23 Apreill, old steill.

[} [\4. SIR JOHN FLETCHER OF NEW CRANSTOUN, KNIGHT, LORD # ADVOCATE, TO SIR GEORGE MACKENZIE, LORD TARBAT.\] }] Holyrudhous, 25 June 1662. My Lord, - That you the more clearlie may perceave what laws # and acts of parliament the wreatter of that letter (whereof you haif ane # trew copie in so far as relates to the King's Majestie and parliament) hes # contraveined, I haif sent you the dowbles of three mainlie relaiting to the # busines; butt thair be verie manie more: for in none of our King's tymes will # you find that the parliaments haif bein wanting to guaird aganst the making # or fomenting anie misvnderstanding betuixt the King and his subjects, or # such as should misconstruct his Majestie's proceedings or deprave his lawes. # And besyd that act sent in King James' tym, thair be three more, as parl. # 8, cap. 134, parl. 14, cap. 205, parl. 8, cap. 2, which you may, if you can # find acts thair (as

I beleive you may with Mr. Jhon Lokhart), pervse at your # leisour, from which zow will find ground eneuch to heighten the guilt to its # proper pitch; which is looked vpon here as verie transcendant from such ane # person at such ane tym, when he cannot expect subsistance butt from his # Majestie's favour, and when he cannot butt acknowledge that never parliament in # this kingdom hath ever givin such testimonies of loyaltie and zeale for anie # king as this hes for his Majestie's service in all things relaiting to his # autoritie, prerogative, and other interests, all which I dowt does not please persones # of his principles. It was, you know, the engyn of the first troublers of our peace # to reproche the King's evell counsellors and officers of State, # butt to deprave and defame a quhole (and such a) parliament is boldnesse above # expression, and vnheard of in this kingdome. ... My Lord, I haif no more to say, butt wishes you all # happinesse in your imployments, and ane speedie succesfull return, with fulness of # health, to your freinds, with all which none shal be more satisfied then, my # Lord, Your Lordship's most reall freind and servant, without # chang, Jo: Fletcher. For my Lord Tarbet - theas.

[} [\5. JOHN FIRST EARL OF MIDDLETON TO SIR GEORGE MACKENZIE, # LORD TARBAT.\] }] Edinburgh, September 25, 1662. My Lord, - How I shall be ever able to retvrne yovr great # kyndness I know not, but I will say no man shall be jvster in a fvll # acknowledgment.

My Lord Chancellor and ovr other freends are as yow left them, # verie franck and honest, and will be most readie to doe evrie thing that # becommeth good and dewtiefvll svbjects, not only in serveing the King in ther # owne stations, bvt in telling ther jvdgments frielie concerning the # misdemeanors of others. I did expect little better receptione at first then yow writt # of, bvt I am hopfvll things will be better vnderstood yet. It is thoght # absolvtlie necessar that yow stay yet till more of the bvsiness be knowen, for I # perceave when none of ws are ther wee are still att a losse. A short time # will doe it, therfor pardon me in keeping yow from a contentment (I know) # yow long mvch for. I have been keept in this towne abovt the settleing # of the magistrats for the ensveing year, and to morrow morning I goe # west. I long to hear from yow, and am, my Lord, yovr most affectionat hvmble # servant, Middleton. For my Lord Tarbitt.

[} [\6. WILLIAM EARL OF GLENCARNE, LORD CHANCELLOR, TO LORD # TARBAT.\] }] Edinburgh, 23 November [\1662\] . My Lord, - I could not let this noble bearer goe without # giuing you some trouble fearing the cuntrie life's sueitnes may aither haue # prevaild to make you too much in love with it, or the hard renconters yee haue # mett with in your first appea[{ra{]nces in the world may persuade you in too # greate a despondencie. At my returne hither I was surfeitted with the # solemne and extraordinarie kindness our great ones receved at their first # arryvall, which greue to that height that the Chancellar of England was # comanded to medle no more in Scottish affairs, and all meittings of the Scotts # Councell thair prohibited. This was eneugh to presage all future events; bot # I was a litle

comforted by a letter from Dumfreis sheuing alse greatt # confidence as ever, and that the Chancellar is nou over all mistaks and fixt in his # Majeste's favour. This securd my dispondencie, while yesterday my Ladie # Wemis was with me, and she confirms all that Dumfreis wreatt, and # assurs me that her brother is to returne the nixt month; and, upon his # returne, I ame to be sent for, and then, upon my coming up, a full examination of # all busines is to be taken by the Kinge; and other business relating to # English deportment will then likwyse be sett a foote; and hou desyrous I must need # be, yea, and hou necessarie it is, that yee be heir befor I goe # (which Dumfries assurs me will be about Christmas), yee may easilie conjecture. # Whairfor my earnest desyre is, that yee will precislie be over against # the first of Januarie; for, if my hops and my oune hart doe not deceive me, # wee will yet hau a happie issue of all our difficulties. Thair hath # beine much talking heir of neu freindships betuixt my [{lord{] the Archbishop, the # Lord Treasurer, and my Lord Midlton, bot thir things are yet so groundles that # I rather looke upon them as that some men are at a stand and beginning # to look about them whair to fixe againe. Our Archbishop is allarumd # with information giuen against his negatiue voice, bot this week he takes # journey. Tueddall is to be ane extraordinare Lord of the Session, and indeed is # the only man hath gott thanks in the Duke of Monmouth's behalfe. I sall # say no mor, bot wishing with all my harte to sie you heir, and I hope # against then to giue you better neus, and in the meane tyme non sall mor # endevour to deserve your guid esteme then, my Lord, Your lordship's most humble servant, Glencairne. For his verie honorable guid Lord, my Lord Tarbett, on of the Senators of the Colledg of Justice.

[} [\7. (JAMES FIRST EARL OF NEWBURGH) TO SIR GEORGE MACKENZIE, LORD TARBAT.\] }] February the last [\1663\] . My Lord, - I have very little to say to yow by this post, # all thinges being att a stand, which I impute much to the great business # wee haue here, which, thankes be to God, is gone so well as that neither # papist nor presbiter will haue much reason to brag. In a word, the Act of # Vniformity wil be preserued, and I doubt not but you will see the parliament here # and our parliament of Scotland to go vpon one and the same grounds. # Lauderdaill, I now see, had more then himselfe for condemneing the Act # against the Covenant, for the same thing was heighly pressed in the # parliament here; but thankes be to God, without success, as I doubt not his in # conclusion will proue so; and I must tell you, that I am not att all displeased # with our delay, being confident that in the end we shall be no loosers. I do expect a black box from the Chancellor to morrow, and I # doubt not but he has done as becomes himselfe and a man of honour. My humble service to him and the rest. I am faythfully yours. For my Lord Tarbett.

[} [\8. JAMES SHARP, ARCHBISHOP OF ST. ANDREWS, (TO SIR GEORGE # MACKENZIE, LORD TARBAT).\] }] St. Andrews, September 2, 1665. My Lord, - By a letter from the Bishop of Ross, last night, # I was so surprysed, that I resolved to give yow the trouble of this account of it. # He

wreats that after he had thought that all differences about the # dues of his see had been by your and the Bishop of Murreyes interposing # amicably setled, the Earle of Seaforth, accompanyed with your self and # the laird of Cromartye and above a score of gentlemen of note more, came to # his howse; and yow were pleasit, in great heat, publickly to discharge all # freindship, correspondence or respect to him, alleadging that he had wreat # a letter to me challenging my Lord Seaforth, your self, and Cromartie, of # disaffection to the Church Government. If that be the cause of this strange # usage, I must bear testimony to the Bishops innocency, he not having wreat a # letter to me bearing any complaint of the Earl of Seaforth or any other in # Ross, in the poynt of ther disaffection to the Government, but a relation of # the condition of that countrey and of his sense of it, to the same purpose # with the letters wreat by the Earl of Seaforth and your self to my # Lord Commissioner which his Grace was pleasit to shew to me. I have been told, indeed, that it has been observed that, since my Lord Seaforth # his last coming from the Sowth, the Bishop hath not been used with that # kyndnes and respect which formerly he had, which is very grevous and # discouraging to him, and caused admiration in me, my Lord Seaforth having, # when he did me the honour to see me, givin me those assurances of his # freindship to the setled order, and assistance to the Bishop of Ross, that I did # wreat to London and caused represent to the King how necessary it would be for # the good of his service that the Earl of Seaforth be incouraged and # inabled by a speciall fruit of his royall bountie; for which purpose I did # sollicit my Lord Commissionar his favour, to which he was most inclyned; and # that as the Earl of Seaforth and his freinds interest in that countrey was # great, so I made no doubt of his resolution and affection to improve it for the # publick peace and the good of the Church. By the relation I had from the # Archbishop of Glasgow, I cannot say that our humble motion on my Lord # Seaforths behalf

was without some effect; but now, my Lord, I confess I am at a # stand what to think of this odd usage putt so publickly upon the Bishop, # with whose carriage and oblidging dealing towards those who hold of his # see I have heard you speak with much commendation. This putts me in mynd # of an expression which stuck with me yow had in freedom of discourse # to me upon a night in my chamber at Edinburgh about two years agone, that # yow did prognosticat I would hear complaints from some northern Bishops # of the contempt and injuries would be cast upon them. I shall not # judge what hath been the instigation to this, or what is designed by it, # or what is at the bottom where such smoak brakes forth, but am sorrye that such # essayes and shrewd experiments should be first attempted in Ross, whence it # was least expected, which will give matter of various descanting to # freinds and adversaries in this conjuncture of affaires; and I leave it to be # considered by yow how it will be construed that, upon a causeles suggestion, a # Bishop, who is commissionated by the King and by the law of God and of the # land, is intrusted with the inspection of the clergy and layety in that # precinct, should be by the chief persons in the diocess, publickly in # presence of the most of the gentry, contemptuously interdicted from respect, # freindship, and correspondence of those whom the law hath put under his charge, # which is a sort of excommunication I know not where or when heard of befor # in the Christian Church, where respect to the lawes and publick # setlement is not disclaimed, and doeth upon the matter import a menacing and # ignominious dryving of him out of his diocess, where the Earl of Seaforth # and his freinds enmity is knowin to be so significant. We are not yet brought # to that pass as to brook a precarious authority upon these termes. If his # Majesty and those intrusted by him will be satisfyed we be thus usit, after # representation made of our case, we shall the more patiently digest such # bafflings, which are litle better then the throwing of stones or castocks # by the rable;

but so long as the lawes are in force, and our gracious # Soveraign in condition to protect ws, till a rebellion be commenced of new, we hope it # will not be expected that we will be terrifyed from our endeavouring, by # laufull and Christian meanes, that the authority of Christ and the King, # with which our office is invested, doe not suffer in our persons and be thus # exposed to such ill boading beginnings, whatever lott we shall be cast upon # therby. I have wreatin to the Bishop of Ross, that immediatly he come south, # because we have use for his service in the publick concernes of the Church # this winter, and have usit this freedom with your Lordship, which I desire # yow may construe to have proceidit from that value I bear to yow, and # freindship which yow shall alvayes have, if yow will leave to Your very affectionat freind and servant, Sct. Andrews. I shall desire my service may be presented to my Lord of # Seaforth and to Sir John Urquhart, who I hope are persons more generous and # wise then, after better consideration, to judge it fitt for them to # be the first in giving example and to lead in casting indignities upon the # order which they did own, and injuring persons who never disoblidged # them, but were ready upon all occasions to serve them and may yet be # of some use to them.

[} [\19. DONALD MCDONALD OF MOYDART, CAPTAIN OF CLANRANALD, TO # SIR GEORGE MACKENZIE, LORD CLERK REGISTER.\] }] Castelltirholme, 8 Junnii 1682. My werie noble Lord, - Yowrs I receaved of the daitt the # 20th of Maij lastt, wherby I find yowr Lordships cair, kyndnes, and favowrs, # unrequyttable. I thowghtt to have had the honor as to have kistt yowr # Lordships hands befoir the Duikis comeing to Scottland, bott I was stormestedd # in Uistt ever

since the 8 of Appryll untill this tyme. Bott I find yowr # Lordship hes done alseweill as give I had bein presentt, whilk I wishe God may # revard yow and yowrs for yowr being the instrumentt of releiveing of me # and myne from the thralldome and slaverie we were bound to vtheris. Itt # deserves to be chronickled upon yow and yowr familie, and shall be in # perpetuall remembrance be me and myne sua long as we live, and our posterittie eftir # us. All the money due be me to Argyll was onely the lastt years few # dewtie. My Lord, as to the cautionrie, I hoope yowr Lordship will doe # all yow can to see me fred thereof as yow have writtine. As to whatt is # betuixtt us, I have ordored yowr Lordship ane thowsand powndis Scottis, whilk is to # litle, bott yowr Lordship knowes how I am used with Grahame, whom I took to # be mostt sufficientt; bott, whitther I live or dye, yowr Lordship # shall be both verie honesttly and tymeously satisfied of the restt. I hoope # yowr Lordship will take all in good pairtt and putt ane period to thatt # affair, for I have none under God to recomend or trustt my affairs to bott yowr Lordship: therfor I committ them quhollie unto yow. I restt, my verie noble Lord, Yowr Lordships humblestt servantt quhile I live, D. M=c=Donald of Moydart. For my verie noble Lord, my Lord Register of the kingdome of Scottland.

[} [\24. FROM SIR GEORGE MACKENZIE, SECRETARY OF THE SECRET # COMMITTEE.\] }] [^TO LORD MARQUIS OF ATHOLE, LORD LEUTENANT OF # ARGYLESHIRE.^] 17 September [\16\]84. My Lord, - Your letter dated the 10th, sent hither by Mr. # Bannerman, I read to the Secret Committee. They resolve to forbear # medling any further with Arkinlas, or to ordor any thing concerning the # houses, till your Lordship and they meet. Yours of the 14 came just now to hand. # The Chancellor is gone, the Councell adjourned, the Commissioners # all home to fitt themselfs for ther expedition, but I shall show your # letter to the Lord Treasurer. In my owne opinion, haveing taken those appointed to # be taken, with such others as yow know guilty or dangerous, your Lordship # may returne, but lett them know yee will speedily return to keep # them in fear of the fleuett. The plott for riseing in Scotland is now fully # discovered; many more are guilty nor wee imagind, and it is a great danger which # God deliverd this nation from. The whole confession of severals of # the conspirators are sent up to the King. Many are apprehended; but severals # guilty who were conscious, keept them selfs out of our grips. # Philiphach's ingenuity, I hope, will safe him, but he was deeply in. Since some of # Argyle's papers are found, I wish all were. I am goeing to speak the Treasurer # in Arkinlas intelligence, and so cease writting till I see what shall be # done. Wee have examind, and find all as your Lordship informs of Arkinlas # intelligence, tho'

it appears he be no very honest man himself. So lett your # Lordship look out for all that are guilty in that contribution. The Secret Committee comanded me to writt that of all things # your Lordship should press, by such mediums as yow think fitt, to see if the # shyre, at least the suspected in the shyres of Argyle and Tarbat, will # consent to pay a company to stay constantly ther, to prevent the farr more # troublsome way of having forces sent still amongst them; and during the # standing of that company they will have no other quartering, and also be free of # ther owne (\militia\) , which cannot but be expensive to them if they # [{be{] oft called out with provisiones, as certainly they will be. This all the # committees are to indeavour in the severall districts. Lord Neill Campbell is heer with # us, and consents for his owne part, and promises to be active in it # with others. Its no matter tho they condiscend to it but for a yeare, to bring # it on. On this account he is allowed to goe home. My Lord, the confusion # wee are in allowes me to say no more but what you know, that I am your # servant, Geo. M'Kenzie. For my Lord Marquis of Athole, Lord Leuvtenant of Argylshyre.

[} [\25. (FROM GEORGE, VISCOUNT OF TARBAT).\] }] [^TO LORD # MARQUIS OF ATHOLE, LORD LEUTENANT OF ARGYLE AND TARBAT.^] Edinburgh, 22 May 1685. My Lord, - The Lord Commissioner and Earl Dumbarton will # tell yow that all busines goes on heer as yow left them, and the # ammunition is ordered to be sent to Balqhidder. No stirr in the least appears in # England. I pray God send yow a fair opportunity, for if Argyll fix in Argyle, # he is twixt yow and the ships. Pray acquaint the ships to beware of fyreships # and Argyle's knacks, for I feare these litle ships may be some such. Hast # on by some way to forwarne them; nothing can be fitter for all effects # then frequent

intelligence. The magistrats of Stirlin are ordored to have # posts ready to come and goe, but spare not expresses. The Lord Commissioner # and Committee hath nothing to say, and so yee will excuse not writting. Spare your meall weell. Adieu. For my Lord Marquis of Athole, Lord Leivtenant of Argyle and Tarbatt. [} [\26. (FROM GEORGE, VISCOUNT OF TARBAT).\] }] [^TO LORD # MARQUIS OF ATHOLE, LORD LEUTENANT OF ARGYLE AND TARBAT.^] Edinburgh, 27 May 1685. My Lord, - Since the publick letter caries all the good # news from England, I shall not repeat what was there exprest. I writt this to # tell your Lordship that the least mischance to your party would be of # prejudice. I writt not this for your sake only, but for the King's interest. # What your strength is or the enimies I know not, but contemn no enimy, # especially if they be numerous and weell armed. On the other hand, if ye # withdraw, the rebels may fall downe on Stirlin, or passe thorough to the # western shyre, where he may lurk and hover amongst the mosses, till the rebels # convocat in multitudes to him: so if yee fight him and beat him, that is # best of all; and next to that is, if yee manadge so as to draw out the # rebels from the coast, so as the army from Glasgow may move towards and after # him, without the hazard of Argyl's beeing in case to ship over the west # coast; then put him once betwixt yow, I will think him in a bad state. But if # he fortify in Tarbat or any other strong place, I know not how untrained men # will at first attack forts. Yett yee can keep him in if yee have but meat. # But the L. Generall dare not divide any of the standing force untill they # be out of hazard of Argyl's goeing over to the west; but if once the # ships were in the seas about Kintyre, especially were cruising within veiw of # Kintyre and the

west, then at your desyr I presume the Comander in cheeff heer # on your desyre will, in that case, send you some standing forces of the # foot and granadeers, to the effect yow may force that fort. My care for # yow makes me writt thus, tho all I can say is only on conjectur. I # recomend yow heartily to God's care, and hope for those news which I hope # may produce honor to yow and something els to Lord Charles. For my Lord Marquis of Athole, Lord Leivtenant of Argyll and Tarbat. [} [\27. FROM GEORGE, VISCOUNT OF TARBAT.\] }] [^TO LORD # MARQUIS OF ATHOLE, LORD LEUTENANT OF ARGYLE AND TARBAT.^] Edinburgh, 5 June 1685. My Lord, - Wee have account that the Mermaid, on of his # Maiesties frigats, went in by the sound of Mull; if there were two or # three of them in the seas, on of them would doe weell to cruise on the back of # Kintyre. I am, my Lord, your faithfull servant, Tarbat. For my Lord Marquis of Athole, Lord Leivtenant of Argyll and Tarbat. [} [\28. FROM GEORGE, VISCOUNT OF TARBAT.\] }] [^TO THE MARQUIS # OF ATHOLE, LORD LEUTENANT OF ARGYLE AND TARBAT.^] Edinburgh, 24 June 1685. My deare Lord, - If yow want meall I have lost labour and # care, for I never omitted to pouse it to be sent evry way. I am hopefull # to see yow heer shortly, and will referr all history till then, and then # there will be a tale of two drinks. I heare my sonne and many others are neare # yow, and

are altogether in want of bread. It is not possible for to say # any thing till I see yow, and therfore nothing shall be said by, My Lord, your faithfull humble servant, Tarbat. For the Marquis of Athole, Lord Leivtennant of Argyll and Tarbatt. [} [\29. FROM GEORGE, VISCOUNT OF TARBAT.\] }] [^TO THE MARQUIS # OF ATHOLE, LORD LEUTENANT OF ARGYLE AND TARBAT.^] Edinburgh, 6 Agust 1685. My Lord, - Yow should justly challenge me if I had heard # any thing of so much importance to yow as what is in your Lordship's letter, # ether from Lochiell or any other, and not acquaint yow. But I assure yow, # my Lord, I never heard any thing like it. Lochiel, if he spok such things # to another, he was so discreet as to speak farr otherwayes to me, for he # regrated exceedingly that yow accused him, or was angry at him, and all that ever I # heard him say, was, that as to intelligence or correspondence with # the rebels he would defy the world, and that he was sure you would witnes his # earnestnes to be at them; and, as to busines of the party which he # comanded, that Argyle was crost neare be the tyme he was sent out from yow, # and long or he could come at them, that his not overtaking them he counted # his greatest misfortune. He blames the disobedience of severall of those he # comanded and the guide which yow gave him; but for a word reflecting on # yow I never heard of him. The Treasurer hath writt to yow of his goeing # up, and hopes to see yow. I did not know of it till the letter allowing it # came to the Secret Committee yesternight. I shall leave other litle # stories till meeting, since he makes me hope for it. For the right honorable the Marquis of Athole, Lord Leivtenant of Argyle and Tarbat.

[} [\30. FROM GEORGE, VISCOUNT OF TARBAT.\] }] [^TO THE MARQUIS # OF ATHOLE, LORD LEUTENANT OF ARGYLESHIRE.^] [\Circa 1685.\] My Lord, - Your letter to the Earl Dumbarton most ether be # on mistake or misinformation, or which [{is{] as bad a rule as ether, on # conjecture; for when your Lordship said yee would have none with yow but # your owne and the Macleans and Broadalbin, I advised that Lochiels and # the Brae men and Glengarie might be called, which yow were for, and # accordingly they were writt to, viz., Lochiell, Keppach, Glengarie. The # rest benorth were at the samne tyme writt to rendevouz at Lochness; and in # Huntlie's letter he was desyred ether act with the whole there, if # occasione offerd, or to send such parties as your Lordship should judge fitt to desyre. # I apprehend yow will rather have too many then too few, for provisiones # most be scarce, and necessity of dissipating for want of bread is what I feare # most, unless Argyl's printing press mak men as weell as pasquils; but I # apprehend he will over to Carrick or to Glasgow, in which case no doubt yow # most follow; and the other body with Duke Gordon to move to Argyle to # prevent his return, if your Lordship and the army press him in the low # country. Pray, my deare [{lord{] , consider matters or yee grow angry at them, # and beleeve not evry litle representation till yow see the bottome; and as yow # nobly writt in your letter, doe what is proper at present. It will be done. I # wish it fall in your hand, and I hope it will, if he goe not over to Carrick. - # I am, My Lord, Your faithfull humble servant, Tarbat. Beleeve it, if yow call more men as yee can provyd, yow # break. M'Intosh said he had no men, and so only desyrd a comission to call such # of his kinn as others left, viz., Earl Murray and Duke Gordon. For the Marquis of Atholl, Lord Leivtenant of Argylshyre.